PMID- 1193338
TI  - Letter: Two-site models for gastrin-stimulated acid secretion.

PMID- 1193339
TI  - Letter: Barium or gastrografin: which contrast media for diagnosis of esophageal
      tears?

PMID- 1193340
TI  - Evidence for the existence of definitive hepatic cholesterol precursor
      compartments for bile acids and biliary cholesterol in man.
AB  - A bile fistula patient was administered intravenously a constant infusion of
      [3H]mevalonic acid for 4 hrs, and then after 2 weeks he was given a pulse of
      [3H]mevalonic acid. Bile and blood were collected at frequent intervals. The
      specific activity-time course curves did not show a precursor-product
      relationship between biliary cholesterol, plasma free cholesterol and bile acids.
      Both the constant infusion and pulse labeling data indicated that the bile acid
      precursor had a more rapid rate of turnover than plasma or biliary cholesterol;
      the biliary cholesterol precursor turned over more rapidly than plasma
      cholesterol. The data suggest the presence of multiple hepatic cholesterol
      precursor compartments. Bile acids may be derived predominantly from newly
      synthesized cholesterol in man.

PMID- 1193341
TI  - Effect of pentagastrin and caerulein on intragastric pressure in the dog.
AB  - When gastric acid was not neutralized, doses of pentagastrin as small as 1 mug kg
      1 hr-1 decreased intragastric pressure in dogs. When gastric acid was neutralized
      the smallest effective dose of pentagastrin was 8 mug kg-1 hr-1 which is 16 times
      the D50 for acid secretion. Thus the decrease in intragastric pressure by small
      doses of pentagastrin is mediated at least in part by acid secretion. Even with
      gastric neutralization, a dose of caerulein as small as 63 ng kg-1 hr-1, which is
      the D50 for pancreatic protein secretion, decreased intragastric pressure. These
      findings support the view that inhibition of gastric pressure occurs with
      physiological doses of the cholecystokinin-like peptide caerulein but only with
      pharmacological doses of pentagastrin.

PMID- 1193342
TI  - Retroperitoneal emphysema from colonoscopy of the distal limb of a Hartmann
      colostomy.

PMID- 1193343
TI  - Endoscopy and retrograde cholangiography via gastrostomy.

PMID- 1193344
TI  - Combined endoscopic pancreatic fluid collection and retrograde pancreatography in
      the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis.

PMID- 1193345
TI  - The occurrence of bacteremia after esophageal dilation.

PMID- 1193346
TI  - Pediatric therapeutic endoscopy using standard fiberoptic instruments.

PMID- 1193347
TI  - Colonic lipomas. An endoscopic analysis.

PMID- 1193348
TI  - Early luetic gastritis presenting as an antral mass.

PMID- 1193349
TI  - Endoscopic diagnosis of Crohn's disease of the stomach; report of a case.

PMID- 1193350
TI  - Endoscopic electrosurgical choledocholithotomy; report of a case.

PMID- 1193351
TI  - Antral duodenal fistula following penetration and perforation of a prepyloric
      ulcer into the duodenal bulb.

PMID- 1193352
TI  - [Complications of pregnancy in female anesthesiologists (author's transl)].
AB  - A questionnaire was sent out to the members of the German Society of
      Anesthesiology and Reanimation with the purpose to clarify whether there is an
      increased incidence of certain complications during pregnancy among
      anesthesiologists. The results obtained allow the tentative conclusion that there
      is a higher abortion rate. There was also an increase of premature deliveries and
      congenital malformations. Surprisingly, a significant increase in births of
      females was observed among female anesthesiologists (with or without exposure)
      and among the offspring of male anesthesiologists (with or without exposure).
      Therefore this observation cannot be related to the exposure in operating rooms.
      On the basis of these results and reports from literature it is not permissible
      to relate the incidence of these complications exclusively to the chronic
      inhalation of narcotic gases. Other covariables which might cause the
      complications were not considered in this study. Nevertheless in spite of these
      limitations narcotic gases should be removed from the atmosphere of operating
      theatres as completely as possible.

PMID- 1193353
TI  - [Donor cervical mucous in the treatment of the persistent cervical factor in
      infertility (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of persistent infertility due to a cervical factor is reported which did
      not respond to several treatment regimes to make the cervical mucous penetrable
      for the sperms of the husband. Intra-uterine insemination was equally
      unsuccessful, however the in-vitro incubation of the semen of the husband in
      donor cervical mucous and subsequent intra-uterine insemination of this incubated
      mucous resulted in a pregnancy.

PMID- 1193354
TI  - [The treatment of carcinoma in situ of the breast (author's transl)].
AB  - The management of 63 carcinomas in situ of the breast is reviewed. These 63
      carcinomas in situ occurred among 575 carcinomas of the breast from 1969 to 1973.
      The treatment consisted of simple mastectomy. In cases of early invasion the
      axilla was explored by palpation of the adipose tissue for enlarged lymph nodes.
      None were found and no extirpation of the axillary nodes was carried out. Of 59
      patients with carcinoma in situ of the breast, 3 later had a local recurrence.
      Two patients later died of distant metastases. In view of these inadequate
      results of simple mastectomy it is recommended that a modified radical mastectomy
      should also be done in all cases of carcinoma in situ of the breast.

PMID- 1193355
TI  - [Endometrial cyto-histology by PISTOLET-aspiration technic (author's transl)].
AB  - A modified intrauterine aspiration technic for detection of endometrial
      adenocarcinoma and its precursors has been described. This method which is
      simple, inexpensive and requires neither anaesthesia nor analgesia, allows cyto
      histologic diagnoses of endometrial lesions. A correct cytologic or cyto
      histologic diagnosis was made in 93.9% of the 277 cases examined. Of the
      premalignant and malignant endometrial lesions, the diagnostic accuracy was 100%.

PMID- 1193356
TI  - [The ultrasonic diagnosis of breast prosthesis implanted after operative
      treatment of tumors or augmentation plastic of the breast (author's transl)].
AB  - The ultrasonic diagnosis as a method of recognising postoperative subprosthetical
      breast pathological changes (respectively of simulated tumor recidivs and
      implanted breast prosthesis) located near the thorax and therefore difficult to
      detect by external palpation and mammography examination have been described in a
      follow-up study, and further possibilities of application suggested.

PMID- 1193357
TI  - [Estimation of fetal weight by ultrasound (author's transl)].
AB  - In attempt to estimate birth weight in utero several dimensions of fetal head and
      trunk cross-sections, obtained by ultrasonic A- and B-scan techniques (Kretz
      Technik), were related to postnatal weights in 108 normal and abnormal
      pregnancies. Abdominal parameters showed better correlation with weights than did
      head parameters. Evaluations derived from mean diameter, circumference or area
      yielded more accurate estimations than those derived from single diameter. In
      addition, the combination of both head and abdomen measurements increased
      accuracy. The best results were obtained by planimetric determination of head and
      trunk cross-sectional areas. Using this method the standard error of estimates
      was 233 gm. as compared with 423 gm. employing biparietal diameter alone.

PMID- 1193358
TI  - [Early ultrasonic diagnosis of anencephaly and iniencephaly (author's transl)].
AB  - The routine and repeated ultrasonic examination during pregnancy gives the
      possibility of observing fetal malformation, especially of the head and the
      spinal column, at an early stage of pregnancy. One case of anencephalus and two
      cases of iniencephalus diagnosed by ultrasonic between the 16th and 28th week of
      pregnancy are described. The method is compared with other diagnostical
      possibilities and the consequences for the further pregnancy are discussed. The
      ultrasonic examinations were done with the Vidoson 635 from Siemens
      Company/Erlangen.

PMID- 1193359
TI  - [Malignant ovarian neoplasms in young women (author's transl)].
AB  - 15 cases of malignant ovarian neoplasms of the period 1948-1974 are being
      reported. All these women were less than 30 years of age. The youngest patient
      was 15 years old and 7 were less than 25 years old. These 15 cases represent 2,2%
      of all ovarian neoplasms with primary surgical treatment at the I. University
      Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Vienna in this period. Anamnestic datas,
      symptomatology and clinical aspects of these cases are reported. Surprisingly
      high was the rate of 9 cases of primary stage cancer Ia in these young women and
      girls, which was significant higher than in the total material of the clinic.
      Therefore it seems intelligible that in spite of the high rate of conservative
      surgical treatment 9 patients have survived 5 and more years without any
      symptoms. The possibility of conservative surgical treatment of malignant ovarian
      neoplasms in young women and teenaged girls of primary stage of cancer Ia is
      discussed.

PMID- 1193360
TI  - [Infantile and hypoplastic uterus: a contribution to overcome the confusion of
      terms (author's transl)].
AB  - The confusion of terms between the radiological literature and the gynaecological
      and anatomical literature regarding the definitions of the infantile and the
      hypoplastic uterus are described. The history of this confusion is traced. The
      two types of uterus were clearly defined by K. Menge and K.v. Oettingen in 1930.
      The infantile uterus shows an abnormal relationship between the length of the
      cervix and the length of the uterine cavity of 1:1 or 2:1, whereas the
      hypoplastic uterus shows a normal relationship between the length of the cervix
      and the length of the uterine cavity of approximately 1:2.

PMID- 1193361
TI  - [The excretion of chorionic gonadotropin in ectopic pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - In 244 cases of ectopic pregnancy the excretion of chorionic gonadotropin in the
      urine was determined in 459 tests. In 88% of the cases an immunologic pregnancy
      test (pregnosticontest) was positive. The mean quantitive excretion of chorionic
      gonadotropin in the urine was 20 +/- 13% of the values for normal pregnancy. In
      11.4% of the cases, values compatible with the chorionic gonadotropin excretion
      in normal intra-uterine pregnancy were observed. Repeat quantitative tests on the
      same patient showed a decrease of the mean chorionic gonadotropin titre in the
      urine with increasing gestational age. The results are shown in diagrams.

PMID- 1193362
TI  - [Cytological reactions in the pars intermedia of the hypophysis of the salpa,
      Boops salpa L. (a marine teleost fish, Sparidse) to variations in salinity].

PMID- 1193363
TI  - Gastrin activity along the gastrointestinal tracts of some ruminants and the
      donkey.

PMID- 1193364
TI  - Comparative study of the occurrence of placental prolactin among mammals.

PMID- 1193365
TI  - Mode of secretion of pineal melatonin in the chicken.

PMID- 1193366
TI  - Effect of prolactin on thyroid function in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix
      japonica).

PMID- 1193367
TI  - [Endocrine regulation of oogenesis in Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda
      Chilopoda). The role of the pars intercerebralis].

PMID- 1193368
TI  - Cardiovascular and renal effects of urotensins, I and II in the eel, Anguilla
      rostrata.

PMID- 1193369
TI  - The plasma gonadotropin profile during sexual maturation in a variety of salmonid
      fishes.

PMID- 1193370
TI  - Quantification of the Limulus polphemus CNS chromatophorotropin.

PMID- 1193371
TI  - Effects of prolactin on osmotic and diffusion permeability of the urinary bladder
      of the flounder, Platichthys flesus.

PMID- 1193372
TI  - A new type of mutation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: vegetative iodine reaction.
AB  - Colonies of Schizosaccharomyces pombe that contain ascospores (e.g., colonies of
      homothallic strains) turn black after treatment with iodine vapors. Heterothallic
      strains of S. pombe normally do not show this reaction. In experiments with the
      latter strains we found mutants which exhibit a positive iodine reaction though
      they do not contain ascospores. This phenotype is due to mutations in a new gene,
      vir1 (vegatative iodine reaction). The vir1 locus is not linked with the mating
      type genes.--Strains of mating-type h-S are known not to give any spontaneous
      mating-type mutations. Mating-type mutations were also not found after treatment
      with nitrous acid.

PMID- 1193373
TI  - Population genetics of allozyme variation in Neurospora intermedia.
AB  - Electrophoretically detectable variation in the fungus Neurospora intermedia has
      been surveyed among isolates from natural populations in Malaya, Papua, Australia
      and Florida. The principal result is a pattern of genetic variation within and
      between populations that is qualitatively no different than the well documented
      patterns for Drosophila and humans. In particular, there is a high level of
      genetic variation, the majority of which occurs at the level of local
      populations. Evidence is presented which argues that N. intermedia has a
      population structure analogous to that of an annual vascular plant with a high
      level of vegetative reproduction. Sexual reproduction appears to be a regular
      feature in the biology of the species. Substantial heterokaryon function seems
      unlikely in natural populations of N. intermedia. Theoretical considerations
      concerning the mechanisms underlying the observed pattern of variation most
      likely should be consistent with haploid selection theory. The implications of
      this constraint upon the theory are discussed in detail, leading to the
      presentation of a model based upon the concept of environmental heterogenicity.
      The essence of the model, which is equally applicable to haploid and diploid
      situations, is a shifting distribution of multiple adaptive niches among local
      populations such that a given population has a small net selective pressure in
      favor of one allele or another, depending upon its particular distribution of
      niches. Gene flow among neighboring populations with differing net selective
      pressures is postulated as the principal factor underlying intrapopulational
      allozyme variation.

PMID- 1193374
TI  - Breaking language barriers between the patient and his doctor.

PMID- 1193375
TI  - Permanent pacing for chronic heart block.

PMID- 1193376
TI  - How to reduce morbidity and mortality in colon surgery.

PMID- 1193377
TI  - What influence does age have on rehabilitation of amputees?
AB  - A study of 194 male lower extremity amputees, with an average age of 56.8 years,
      showed that vascular disease is the most common cause of limb loss at all ages.
      Increasing age was correlated with an increasing incidence of bilateral
      amputation and arteriosclerotic and pulmonary problems, lower goals and levels of
      achievement, increased mortality during therapy, fewer amputees who were able to
      return home, an increased number of aids (cane, crutches, wheelchair), and a
      longer rehabilitation period. Many patients over age 65 required nearly a year of
      rehabilitation to achieve maximum benefit.

PMID- 1193378
TI  - How to examine the patient with aphasia.

PMID- 1193379
TI  - Creative approaches to the fulfilling use of leisure time.

PMID- 1193380
TI  - The socialization process of women: implications for a theory of successful
      aging.

PMID- 1193381
TI  - Gerontology and the social and behavioral sciences: where do we go from here?

PMID- 1193382
TI  - Geriatric group day care and its effect on independent living. A thirty-six-month
      assessment.

PMID- 1193383
TI  - Impact of improved housing on morale and life satisfaction.

PMID- 1193384
TI  - The social corridor: an environmental and behavioral evaluation.

PMID- 1193385
TI  - Elderly patients and their families. Factors related to satisfaction with
      hospital social services.

PMID- 1193386
TI  - Preliminary observations on media use and food habits of the elderly.

PMID- 1193387
TI  - Social interaction and perceived adequacy of interaction of the rural aged.

PMID- 1193388
TI  - Food beliefs and practices of selected senior citizens.

PMID- 1193389
TI  - Life history as integration. An essay on an experimental model.

PMID- 1193390
TI  - Interviewing the "old old".

PMID- 1193391
TI  - [Effect of F-2 alpha prostaglandin on the induction and development of
      contractions in rat's myometrium].

PMID- 1193392
TI  - [Acid-base equilibrium in the parturient and the offspring. I. Protracted
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1193393
TI  - [Localization of the placenta by means of the Doppler technic using 2 ultrasound
      probes].

PMID- 1193395
TI  - [Sexuality and some aspects of social development].

PMID- 1193394
TI  - [Treatment of pruritus vulvae by means of calcium iontophoresis].

PMID- 1193396
TI  - [Microscopic evaluation of rat's placenta in pregnancy preceded by administration
      of synthetic derivatives of estradiol and progesterone. Histoenzymatic and
      histochemical assay].

PMID- 1193397
TI  - [Immunological aspects of male fertility disorders].

PMID- 1193398
TI  - [Alkaline phosphatase activity of alkaline phosphatase and its placentar
      isoenzyme in pregnancy complications. Prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 1193399
TI  - [Blood serum alkaline phosphatase activity in women with a physiological
      pregnancy. Its comparative aspects].

PMID- 1193400
TI  - [Acid-base equilibrium parameters in the mother and the newborn infant. II.
      Protracted pregnancy].

PMID- 1193401
TI  - [Mortality rates in women caused by pregnancy, labor and puerperium in Poland in
      the years 1951-1972].

PMID- 1193402
TI  - [Chromosome aberrations in prematurely born infants].

PMID- 1193403
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment of uterine corpus cancer with consideration of
      broadened oncologic asepsis].

PMID- 1193404
TI  - [Complications following surgery for ectopic pregnancy].

PMID- 1193405
TI  - [Rare case of fibromyoma of the uterus].

PMID- 1193406
TI  - [Analysis of applications for granting of disability pensions because of
      pulmonary tuberculosis in the Katowice Province].

PMID- 1193407
TI  - [Bronchofiberoscopy--an improved method of bronchoscopy].

PMID- 1193408
TI  - [Hyaline membrane disease and disseminated intravascular coagulation in the lungs
      of newborn infants, children and adults].

PMID- 1193409
TI  - [Methods of determination of rifampicin concentration in sputum].

PMID- 1193410
TI  - [Rifampicin metabolism in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1193411
TI  - [Relationship between total lung capacity and manifestations of chronic
      bronchitis and smoking].

PMID- 1193412
TI  - [Comparative clinical study of various daily and intermittent regimens of major
      antitubercular drugs, including ethambutol].

PMID- 1193413
TI  - [Comparative daily followed clinical study of treatment of chronic pulmonary
      tuberculosis with various combinations of ethambutol and rifampicin. Daily and
      intermittent method].

PMID- 1193414
TI  - [Liver function disorders in the course of continuous and intermittent treatment
      of patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1193415
TI  - Impaired anamnestic cellular immune response in patients with Crohn's disease.
AB  - The cellular immune system was studied in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), not
      receiving corticosteroids, or azathioprine, by means of in vitro and in vivo
      methods. It was found, that the in vitro lymphocyte reactivity of 54 CD patients
      after stimulation with a cocktail of antigens (varidase, trichophyton, candida,
      mumps, and PPD) was significantly depressed when compared with the response of 20
      simultaneously cultured healthy controls (p less than 0-001) or a group of 54
      separately cultured healthy controls, matched for age and sex (p less than 0
      001). The lymphocyte response of a control group of 18 patients with malnutrition
      or malabsorption without any evidence of inflammatory bowel disease, was higher
      than the response of an equal number of CD cases, although the difference failed
      to reach significance. Intradermally injection of the same five antigens, as used
      in the antigen cocktail, showed a failure to react to any antigen in 13 out of 48
      CD patients, in comparison with three of 48 matched healthy controls (p less than
      0-01). In both CD patients, as well as in healthy controls a significant
      correlation could be demonstrated between the number of positive skin tests, the
      area of skin induration, and the in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness after
      stimulation with the antigen cocktail. In the CD group no correlation was found
      between in vitro responsiveness and disease activity, as defined by a score of
      clinical and biochemical parameters. The depressed skin reactivity and the
      hyporesponsiveness in the lymphocyte transformation test after stimulation by an
      antigen cocktail suggest that depression of the anamnestic cellular immune
      response is a basic feature in patients with Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1193416
TI  - Viral antibody studies in pancreatic disease.
AB  - Viral studies were performed on sera from 54 patients with recent acute
      pancreatitis, 10 with recurrent acute pancreatitis, seven with chronic
      pancreatitis, and 10 with pancreatic carcinoma, and on sera from 81 age- and sex
      matched controls. In 29 of the acute pancreatitis patients from whom paired sera
      were obtained no convincing evidence of recent viral infection was found. A
      higher incidence of raised antibody titres against Coxsackie B3 and B4 was
      observed in the group of acute pancreatitis patients compared with their
      controls. The possible signficance of these observations and their relationship
      to the aetiology of the pancreatitis and to other immunological findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1193417
TI  - Importance of the site of endoscopic gastric biopsy in ulcerating lesions of the
      stomach.
AB  - Twenty freshly resected stomach specimens, each containing an ulcerated
      carcinoma, were studied in an attempt to determine the best site for gastric
      biopsy. Using endoscopic biopsy forceps multiple biopsies were obtained from
      various sites around the ulcer. Carcinoma was detected with similar frequency in
      biopsies from the slough and from the rim of the ulcer. The positive biopsy rate
      was increased to 95% when the results from the rim and the slough were combined.
      It is suggested that the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic gastric biopsy can be
      improved by taking biopsies from both the rim and the slough of an ulcer.

PMID- 1193418
TI  - Bile acids and colonic motility in the rabbit and the human.
AB  - Colonic motor activity was initiated by infusions of bile salts into the caecum
      or rectum of the anaesthetized rabbit. Primary bile acids were examined
      proximally and distally in the colon and elicited marked motor responses. Sinc
      dihydroxy bile acids are known to be potent inhibitors of electrolyte and water
      absorption in the colon, the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid, the dihydroxyl
      compound most related to cholic acid which is the main bile acid in the rabbit,
      was examined distally and was also active, but to a lesser extent than cholic
      acid conjugates in this species. In man, a relationship was found between the
      faecal bile acid excretion and colonic motility: the introduction of bile acids
      directly into the human sigmoid colon and rectum also stimulated colonic
      motility. In man, the dihydroxy compound chenodeoxycholic acid was slightly more
      active than conjugates of cholic acid.

PMID- 1193419
TI  - Alterations in tissue ferritins in iron storage disorders.
AB  - Purified tissue ferritins isolated from Bantu subjects with gross haemosiderosis,
      from a patient with idiopathic haemochromatosis (HC) treated by phlebotomy, and
      from rats with experimental iron overload were studied in order to determine the
      significance of the abnormality previously demonstrated in tissue isoferritins in
      patients with IHC. The isoferrin profile of the tissues from the Bantu subjects
      and the iron-loaded rats showed a similar abnormality to that previously found in
      patients with untreated IHC--that is, an abnormally uniform distribution of iron
      containing isoferritins with an increase in the more basic isoferritins and an
      apparent absence of the more acidic ones. In contrast, tissues from the patient
      with treated IHC, who was iron depleted at the time of death, showed the normal
      organ-specific isoferritin distribution. These findings strongly suggest that the
      abnormal distribution of tissue isoferritins in IHC is an acquired phenomenon and
      unlikely to be related to an underlying genetic defect in ferritin or iron
      metabolism.

PMID- 1193420
TI  - Jaundice due to carbimazole.
AB  - On three occasions, a 63 year old housewife with hyperthyroidism developed a
      reaction which included fever, pruritus, malaise, and, on one occasion, jaundice
      one to 17 days after taking carbimazole. Challenge with carbimazole was followed
      within 12 hours by abdominal pain, pruritus, and increased serum transaminase
      levels. Light microscopy of a liver biopsy showed increase of portal zone
      cellularity over the control and the electron microscopy revealed fine structural
      changes compatible with drug-related liver injury.

PMID- 1193421
TI  - Studies of intestinal lymphoid tissue. I. Electron microscopic evidence of 'blast
      transformation' in epithelial lymphocytes of mouse small intestinal mucosa.
AB  - The morphology of epithelial lymphocytes in osmium-fixed, Epon-embedded jejunum
      of adult mice was studied by light and electron microscopy. Toluidine blue
      stained 1 mum 'thick' plastic sections were compared with adjacent thin sections,
      thereby permitting precise ultrastructural identification and description of
      selected epithelial lymphocytes. Their size and appearances varied considerably,
      ranging from typical small lymphocytes through medium-sized lymphocytes to large
      immunoblasts. A high proportion of medium-sized epithelial lymphocytes (mean
      diameter 6-9 +/- 1-1 mum) contained several lysosomes, extensive Golgi complexes,
      prominent centrioles and abundant ribosomes. Their appearances, therefore,
      corresponded directly to mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes. In contrast,
      immunoblasts were big cells (mean diameter 11-0 +/- 0-8 mum) with large,
      euchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The majority had pale-staining,
      ribosome-studded cytoplasm and thus resembled type I, or T blasts. Very rarely,
      densely staining blasts containing ribosomes and well developed rough endoplasmic
      reticulum were observed; these corresponded to type II or B blasts. These
      observations indicate that transformation of lymphocytes occurs within the
      interepithelial cell spaces of the small intestinal mucosa, suggesting that
      epithelial lymphocytes are immunocompetent cells which may be responsive to local
      antigenic stimulation.

PMID- 1193422
TI  - Studies of intestinal lymphoid tissue. II. Aspects of proliferation and migration
      of epithelial lymphocytes in the small intestine of mice.
AB  - Mice were given either intraperitoneal tritiated thymidine (3H-Tdr) or colchicine
      to study proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial lymphocytes. Both
      labelled medium and large lymphocytes ('immunoblasts') were observed throughout
      the epithelium, crossing the basement membrane and within villous lymphatics for
      at least seven days after 3H-Tdr administration. Epithelial lymphocytes are
      predominantly young cells, actively dividing at the rate of 1% per hour. They do
      not migrate along the villi, unlike epithelial cells, but circulate rapidly
      through the epithelium, returning to the lamina propria at the rate of
      approximately 3 epithelial lymphocytes/1000 epithelial cell nuclei/hour. The
      labelling pattern of epithelial lymphocytes and intralymphatic cells with time
      was very similar suggesting that epithelial lymphocytes therefore may directly
      enter adjacent lymphatics and hence gain access to thoracic duct lymph.

PMID- 1193423
TI  - The cellular infiltrate of the jejunum in adult coeliac disease and dermatitis
      herpetiformis following the reintroduction of dietary gluten.
AB  - The cellular infiltrate of the jejunal mucosa has been studied in patients with
      both treated and untreated adult coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis and
      serially in treated patients before and after the reintroduction of gluten to the
      diet. In adult coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis the jejunal mucosa
      showed similar abnormalities of the cellular infiltrate which was characterized
      by an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes and lamina propria plasma cells and
      eosinophils, with the greatest numbers of cells occurring in untreated patients.
      At 24-48 hours following a single 25-g gluten challenge there was an increase in
      lamina propria plasma cells, lymphocytes and eosinophils and intraepithelial
      lymphocytes. This rise was sustained after seven days on a gluten-containing diet
      for all of these cell groups except lamina propria lymphocytes. These responses
      were essentially similar in both adult coeliac disease and in those dermatitis
      herpetiformis patients who had jejunal lesions before treatment. In dermatitis
      herpetiformis patients with normal jejunal morphology on a normal diet there was
      an upward trend in lamina propria plasma cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes
      within one to three weeks of taking extra dietary gluten. These results are
      compatible with the view that more than one immunological mechanism may be
      responsible for the pathogenesis of the jejunal lesion of coeliac disease and
      dermatitis herpetiformis.

PMID- 1193424
TI  - Postoperative motility of the large intestine in man.
AB  - Motor activity of the colon in the immediate postoperative period has been
      studied in human subjects using radiotelemetering capsules, radioopaque markers
      and serial abdominal radiographs. Following operations outside the abdomen there
      is a delay of about 16 hours before colonic activity returns. After abdominal
      operations the delay is from 40 to 48 hours. The length of an operation has no
      significant effect upon the duration of colonic ileus. The amount of
      postoperative analgesia has no significant effect upon the duration of colonic
      ileus. Gaseous distension after laparotomy is confined to the colon.

PMID- 1193425
TI  - A relation between the energy of food and gastric emptying in men with duodenal
      ulcer.
AB  - Using information about the volume and energy density of meals, results from the
      literature on gastric emptying for healthy men can be marshalled into a
      consistent body. The same process applied to the published papers on men with
      duodenal ulcer shows that they have abnormally rapid gastric emptying, especially
      for meals of high-energy density. This provides confirmation of the view of Shay
      (1944) that the slowing of gastric emptying by duodenal receptors is less in men
      with duodenal ulcer than it is in healthy men.

PMID- 1193426
TI  - The pseudomembranous colitis associated with clindamycin therapy--a viral
      colitis.
AB  - Four patients are described who developed pseudomembranous colitis in association
      with clindamycin therapy. Rectal biopsies from two patients were studied with the
      electron microscope and compared with the ultrastructural appearance of the
      rectal mucosa from seven normal people. Ultrastructural evidence for a viral
      colitis was obtained. The significance of the clindamycin therapy to the viral
      colitis and the contribution of the viral colitis to the clinical state are
      discussed.

PMID- 1193427
TI  - Factors relevant to the prognosis of chronic gastric ulcer.
AB  - The factors that determine the recurrence rate of chronic gastric ulcer were
      studied in 105 patients. It was found that complete healing of the ulcer
      significantly reduced the recurrence rate and subsequent need for hospital
      admission because of ulcer symptoms when this group was compared with those who
      left hospital with their ulcers unhealed. Those admitted with large ulcers also
      had a higher recurrence rate. The age and sex of the patient, ingestion of
      analgesics and cigarette smoking did not influence recurrence. The initial
      healing rate of the ulcer also had no effect on the subsequent course of the
      patient.

PMID- 1193428
TI  - Quantitative liver imaging using 131-I Rose Bengal as an index of liver function
      and prognosis.
AB  - A technique for assessing quantitatively hepatic function by direct measurement
      of liver parenchymal cell uptake of 131I Rose Bengal using a scintillation camera
      with a digital store and retrieval system is described. Ninety-four studies were
      performed on 84 patients with a variety of hepatic disorders over a two-year
      period, the diagnosis in each case being established by liver biopsy or
      laparotomy. The results were compared with the clinical, biochemical and
      histological assessment of the patients. A good correlation was found between the
      half-time for hepatic uptake of 131I Rose Bengal and the histological changes, as
      well as with clinical prognosis measured in terms of clinical improvement or
      deterioration to death. The rate of liver uptake was found to be a better index
      than the clearance of radioisotope from the blood and was superior to
      conventional biochemical investigations in both icteric and anicteric patients.
      The test was not shown to be of clinical value in discriminating between intra-
      and extrahepatic causes of jaundice. It is suggested that this technique may
      provide a safe and sensitive method for assessing the severity of liver
      dysfunction and also for monitoring clinical progress, especially in situations
      where liver biopsy may be unreliable or hazardous.

PMID- 1193429
TI  - Hepatic adenomas and oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1193430
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte response of patients with uterine cancer as related to
      clinical stage and radiotherapy.

PMID- 1193431
TI  - Meningeal carcinomatosis secondary to advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the
      cervix: a case report. Meningeal metastasis of advenced cervical cancer.

PMID- 1193432
TI  - Gynecological malignancy associated with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
      (NBTE).

PMID- 1193433
TI  - The effect of delaying radiation on wound healing.

PMID- 1193434
TI  - Two new tissue culture lines from ovarian cancer.

PMID- 1193435
TI  - Management of advanced carcinoma of the vulva.

PMID- 1193436
TI  - Radioprotection of the digestive tract by intravenous infusion of vasopressin.

PMID- 1193437
TI  - Gynecologic Oncology Group Reports I and II.

PMID- 1193438
TI  - [Functional structure of hematopoietic stem-cell storage : its relevance for the
      problem of bone marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1193439
TI  - [Isolated aplastic anemia].

PMID- 1193440
TI  - [Granulocytopenias (agranulocytoses)].

PMID- 1193441
TI  - [Erythroaplasia and panmyelopathy in childhood].

PMID- 1193442
TI  - [Enzyme defects in bone-marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1193443
TI  - [Toxic bone-marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1193444
TI  - [Drug induced cytopenias on immunological basis].

PMID- 1193445
TI  - [Significance of the bone marrow stroma for regeneration after aplasia].

PMID- 1193446
TI  - [Preventive treatment of infection in bone-marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1193447
TI  - [Possibilities in the treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis in bone-marrow
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1193448
TI  - [In-vivo and in-vitro methods for the culture of bone-marrow cells].

PMID- 1193449
TI  - [Proliferation kinetics in pancytopenias].

PMID- 1193450
TI  - [Regulatory mechanisms of hematopoiesis in bone-marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1193451
TI  - [Cytology and cytochemistry of bone marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1193452
TI  - Influence of intravenously administered acetylsalicylic acid on platelet
      functions. A pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study.
AB  - The influence of intravenously administered acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the
      kinetics of platelet function was examined in 10 patients. Simultaneously, assays
      of salicylate in plasma were performed. A significant inhibition of platelet
      aggregation as well as PF 3 and PF 4 availabilities could be demonstrated 2 min
      after injection. A decrease of platelet adhesion was significant after 15 min.
      The inhibition of platelet functions was still present after 24 h and was
      partially demonstrable after 72 h. The concentration of salicylate in plasma 2
      min after injection of ASA was only about two thirds of the level calculated from
      mere distribution in circulation. After 1 h, half of the initial salicylate had
      disappeared from plasma. No salicylate could be found after 24 hours. ASA also
      depressed platelet functions when added to platelet-rich plasma in vitro in a
      concentration of 100 mug/ml. Inhibition of platelet aggregation and of PF 4
      availability were dependent on the time of incubation. Their onset was much
      slower in vitro than in vivo. No inhibition of the PF 3 availability could be
      found in vitro. The inhibition of platelet functions by ASA is demonstrable
      almost immediately after injection while the duration of this inhibition is
      considerably longer than the elimination time of salicylate from plasma. This
      allows the conclusion that a direct intravascular reaction between ASA and
      platelets occurs and that the inhibition of platelet functions is irreversible.

PMID- 1193453
TI  - Adenine nucleotide metabolism during the aggregation of human platelets by bovine
      factor VIII.
AB  - Human platelets, prelabelled with [3H]-adenine in vitro, were aggregated
      biphasically by bovine fibrinogen/factor VIII, and the amounts and specific
      radioactivity of ADP and ATP as well as the radioactivity of ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP
      and hypoxanthine + inosine were determined intracellularly and extracellularly.
      During the second phase of aggregation, ATP and ADP were released (50% of total)
      with a specific radioactivity 15-20 times lower than that of the ATP and ADP
      retained in the cells. The specific radioactivity of the ATP and ADP in the cells
      increased during release. Radioactive ATP was converted to radioactive
      hypoxanthine during release. These findings correlated well with those obtained
      with collagen, and indicate that bovine factor VIII induces the platelet release
      reaction whereby the storage (non-metabolic) pool of ATP and ADP is released
      while the metabolic pool is retained.

PMID- 1193454
TI  - Electroencephalography in haemophilia and Christmas disease.
AB  - Electroencephalography has been performed in a series of patients with
      haemophilia and Christmas disease because of the suggestion by other authors of a
      high incidence of abnormality. In an adult population of haemophiliacs no
      difference was found in the incidence of abnormalities compared with the general
      hospital population.

PMID- 1193455
TI  - Studies on catabolism of 125I-labelled fibrinogen in normal rabbits and in
      rabbits with indwelling intravenous catheters: methodologic aspects.
AB  - The catabolism of rabbit fibrinogen labelled with radioactive iodine was studied
      over a period of 7-9 days in normal rabbits and in rabbits with indwelling
      intravenous catheters. The labelled fibrinogen was highly clottable and
      homogeneous on immunoelectrophoresis and disc electrophoresis. The protein-bound
      125I-activity amounted to at least 99%. Normal rabbits with a weight between 1.6
      and 2.2 kg exhibited a mean plasma volume of 41.65 ml/kg. A mean half-life time
      of 1.69 days and a mean fractional catabolic rate of 59.8% of the plasma
      fibrinogen pool per day was computed by tracing labelled fibrinogen. The absolute
      catabolic rate revealed a mean value of 58.7 mg/kg body weight/day. Comparable
      results were obtained for all three labelled fibrinogen batches. A siliconized
      polyvinyl tubing with an outer diameter of 2.0 mm inserted into a jugular vein up
      to a length of 10-12 cm and indwelling for more than 10 days did not
      significantly influence the parameters studied for controlling the fibrinogen
      catabolism except for the absolute catabolic rate of 112.8 mg/kg/day which
      differed significantly from that of the control group. Thus, the indwelling
      intravenous catheter had no or only a minor effect on the activation of
      intravascular coagulation.

PMID- 1193456
TI  - Fibrinogenolytic substance (hementerin) of Brazilian blood-sucking leeches
      (Haementeria lutzi Pinto 1920).
AB  - The fibrinogenolytic activity of the salivary gland extract from the Brazilian
      blood-sucking leech Haementeria lutzi Pinto 1920 is characterized. The substance,
      named here hementerin, is stable and active at very low protein concentration,
      does not exhibit direct proteolytic activity on casein, fibrinogen, or fibrin,
      and is able to activate the human plasma fibrinolytic system in the presence of a
      serum cofactor and/or calcium. This indirect activation mechanism distinguishes
      hementerin from hirudin and shows a similarity with streptokinase. The effect on
      blood coagulation tests is reported.

PMID- 1193457
TI  - [Surgical repair of transposition of the great arteries].

PMID- 1193458
TI  - [Routine isotope cystography using 99M Tc sulfur colloid for detection and follow
      up of vesico-ureteral reflux].

PMID- 1193459
TI  - [Hydraulic electrolithotripsy].

PMID- 1193460
TI  - [Excision of a solitary pulmonary lesion metastatic from carcinoma of the colon].

PMID- 1193461
TI  - [Isolated congenital agensis of the inferior vena cava].

PMID- 1193462
TI  - [Hypothermia in summer due to barbiturate poisoning].

PMID- 1193463
TI  - [Sleep and its course; agrypnia and its results (I)].

PMID- 1193464
TI  - [Ultrasonography in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1193465
TI  - [Orcheoblastoma].

PMID- 1193466
TI  - [The forgotten syndrome: ameboma of the colon].

PMID- 1193467
TI  - [Editorial: Anticoagulant therapy may explain the difference in myocardial
      infarction mortality between various Israeli medical centers].

PMID- 1193468
TI  - [Editorial: Hyperthyroidism in the elderly].

PMID- 1193470
TI  - [Editorial: Hormonal aspects of homosexuality].

PMID- 1193469
TI  - [Editorial: Coronary artery spasm].

PMID- 1193471
TI  - The effect of 5-fluorouracil on the mitotic cycle and DNA synthesis in the
      epithelium of mouse small intestine.
AB  - The examinations were performed on 42 mice of the Porton strain. The experimental
      animals were injected intraperitoneally with the dose of 75 mg of 5-fluorouracil
      per kg body weight. The first experimental group received injections of
      [3H]thymidine within 48 hours and the second group within 96 hours of the
      injection of 5-fluorouracil. Two mice from each group were killed at within 1, 2,
      4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours of the [3H]thymidine injection. Calculations of the
      mitotic index and time of duration of individual phases of the mitotic cycle in
      epithelial cells of the small intestine were based on application of the
      autoradiographic method. These studies lead to the conclusion that 5-fluorouracil
      disturbs the course of metabolic processes in the cell, which are also related
      with the distribution of the genetic material. Histological examinations show
      that 5-fluorouracil produces profound morphological changes in the intestine,
      which affect both the intestinal epithelium and the connective tissue stroma. The
      autoradiographic tests revealed a considerable suppression of the mitotic
      activity of the epithelium of intestinal crypts. Moreover, it was shown that 5
      fluorouracil inhibits the mitotic activity of the intestinal epithelium by
      diminishing the number of cells capable of entering into mitosis. Nevertheless,
      by 96 hours following introduction of a single dose of 5-fluorouracil normal
      morphological structure and mitotic activity of the intestinal wall cells are
      restored.

PMID- 1193472
TI  - Ingestion and digestion of erythocytes by non-irradiated and irradiated
      macrophages.
AB  - The effect of X-rays (1300 R) and gamma irradiation (3000 R) on phagocytic
      activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages cultivated in vitro was studied using
      human glutaraldehyde-fixed red blood cells. The peroxidative activity of
      haemoglobin was cytochemically detected by the DAB method. The obtained results
      indicate that the applied dose of X-irradiation does not affect the phagocytic
      activity of macrophages. On the contrary, the gamma irradiation (3000 R) causes
      acceleration of phagocytic activity of macrophages with concomitant impairment of
      intracellular digestion of ingested material. Weakened cytochemical reaction for
      acid phosphatase suggests that sufficiently high doses of irradiation cause some
      disturbances in the biosynthesis of lysosomal enzymes in exposed macrophages.

PMID- 1193473
TI  - Oxidative enzymes in the development of Fasciola hepatica L. II. Dehydrogenase
      activity of miracidium.
AB  - Histochemical methods were used to detect succinate, isocitrate, malate, lactate,
      alpha-glycerol phosphate' L-glutamate, alcohol, glucose-6-phosphate, 6
      phosphogluconate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases in miracidium--a free
      living larva of Fasciola hepatica. Examinations were carried out on miracidia
      which had just left egg covers and on those which had survived for 18 and 24
      hours, respectively. Differences were observed regarding the occurrence and
      intensity of the enzyme activity depending on the age of the larvae. On the basis
      of the localization of dehydrogenases and persistence of their activity in the
      miracidia in various periods of their lives, the author concludes that in young
      larvae there exist three parallel modes of oxidation: glycolytic, in the
      tricarboxylic acid cycle, and in the pentose cycle. Moreover, there occur
      processes of amino acid metabolism and of fatty acid oxidation. The 18-hour
      larvae exhibit a marked predominance of oxidation in the Krebs cycle, the
      remaining modes being less pronounced, and after 24 hours the only way to obtain
      energy in the miracidium is oxidation in the Krebs cycle. Likewise noteworthy is
      the enhancement of the processes of fatty acid oxidation, this being evidenced by
      an intensified activity of beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. The role of each
      enzyme in the metabolism of the larva is discussed.

PMID- 1193474
TI  - Oxidative enzymes in the development of Fasciola hepatica L. III. The activities
      of oxidases and dehydrogenases in the sporocyst.
AB  - The object of the study was the investigation of the occurrence and distribution
      of some oxidative enzymes in the sporocyst of Fasciola hepatica L. The samples
      were examined for the presence of cytochrome oxidase, peroxidase, NADH and NADPH
      tetrazolium reductases, as well as succinate, isocitrate, malate, lactate, alpha
      glycerophosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, beta
      hydroxybutyrate, L-glutamate and alcohol dehydrogenases. All of them save
      cytochrome oxidase were found to occur in the sporocyst. The presence and
      localization of these enzymes were examined by histochemical methods in various
      stages of development of the sporocyst. These investigations permitted it to be
      established that glycolytic processes are the principal way of release of energy
      for all developmental groups of this larva. Moreover, the functions of the
      tricarboxyl acid and pentose-phosphate cycles were detected and found to play a
      less important part in processes of energy production in the sporocyst. In
      addition, the functioning and metabolism of each larval organ in various stages
      of its development were discussed in so far as was possible on the basis of the
      analysis of the above-mentioned oxidative enzymes.

PMID- 1193475
TI  - Synthesis of glucuronoglucans in chicken cartilage cultured in synthetic medium.
AB  - Cartilaginous femur and tibia rudiments from 10-day-old chick embryos were grown
      in vitro for 4 days in Parker's solution without protein added, and subsequently
      fixed and extracted successively with 0-2 N HClO4 at 4 degrees C (fraction A), 5
      per cent trichloracetic acid (TCA) at 4 degrees C (fraction B), and 5 per cent
      TCA at 90 degrees C (fraction C). The residue after extraction was dissolved in 1
      N NaOH at room temperature (fraction D). Fraction C containing most of hexuronic
      acids and aminosugars of the cartilage was used to study the quantitative changes
      of glucuronoglucans throughout the culture period. The amount  of hexuronic acids
      and aminosugars was increased after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of culture. After 96
      hours the level of hexuronic acids was twice that found prior to establishing the
      culture. The increment was statistically significant.

PMID- 1193476
TI  - [Epidemiology of primary and secondary palatoschisis in selected regions of the
      Cracow region].

PMID- 1193477
TI  - [Retinal angiomatosis in Hippel-Lindau syndrome].

PMID- 1193478
TI  - [Effect of industrial dust and gases containing fluorine compounds on hard dental
      tissues in children living in polluted areas].

PMID- 1193479
TI  - [Tissue content of ATP and phosphocreatine in hyperglycemia].

PMID- 1193480
TI  - [Women's age and gynecologic bleeding].

PMID- 1193481
TI  - Interaction between macrophages of various origin and Toxoplasma gondii under
      conditions in vitro.
AB  - The study of proliferation of a virulent strain of Toxoplasma in cultures of
      macrophages of various origin revealed a certain sequence in the development of
      the pathogen: penetration and phagocytosis of the parasite, the stage of
      disintegration of one part of population and active proliferation of the other,
      resulting in the destruction of host cells. It was found that the penetration and
      phacocytosis were more active if macrophages from resistant animals (rats) were
      used, in comparison with those isolated from susceptible animals (white mice,
      guinea pigs). The activity of proliferation of a virulent strain of Toxoplasma
      also differs with the host cells: the toxoplasma multiply more rapidly in
      macrophages from susceptible animals than in those from resistant animals. The
      following changes of macrophages due to proliferation of the parasite were
      observed: change of form of the cell accompanied with the loss of cytoplasmatic
      processes, vacuolation of the cytoplasm, displacement of the nucleus towards the
      periphery followed by its pycnosis and rupture of the cell.

PMID- 1193482
TI  - Note to helminth fauna of Austria.

PMID- 1193483
TI  - [Serological studies of cestode cysts. P1 blood-group activity in cysts of zoo
      animals].
AB  - The cyst fluid of cestodes from various animals kept in zoological gardens was
      examined for the presence of A-, B-, H- and P1-blood group activity. While the
      results in the ABH-system were negative, the cysts from 2 of 13 animals examined
      (1 elk and 1 reindeer) presented P1-blood group activity.

PMID- 1193484
TI  - Population structure and dynamics of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae
      (Acarina: Pyroglyphidae) in Czechoslovakia.
AB  - The relationship between the room microclimate and population dynamics of the
      house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes, 1961 was studied. A distinct
      increase of the mite population density in mattresses was observed only in the
      period, when the monthly means of relative air humidity in rooms were higher than
      47-50%, denominated by the author as critical air humidity. This is a
      considerably lower value than that relevant to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
      (Trouessart, 1897) from the paper by Bronswijk et al. (1971) (critical air
      humidity 60-65%). The climatic humidity affecting the room microclimate is
      consequently the main reason why one species or another is predominant under
      different geographical conditions. From October till May the D. farinae
      population is primarily composed of protonymphs, in the period of maximum
      population density (May-October) the presence of adults is predominant.
      Protonymphs are considered to be least resistant to the humidity decrease in
      their environment.

PMID- 1193485
TI  - Parasitic mites of Surinam. XXXII. New species of feather mites (Sarcoptiformes,
      Analgoidea).
AB  - Seven new species of feather mites belonging to families Analgidae,
      Falculiferidae, Pterolichidae, Pteronyssidae and Xolalgidae are described from
      Columbiformes, Cuculiformes, Piciformes and Passeriformes of Surinam.

PMID- 1193486
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the ticks Ixodes laguri and Ixodes arboricola:
      surface structures of Haller's organ.

PMID- 1193488
TI  - A capillary tube method for storage of myxosporidian and microsporidian spores.

PMID- 1193487
TI  - The role of mammals in natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in Central Europe.

PMID- 1193489
TI  - Intestinal helminths from grey mullets, Mugil capito Cuv. and M. cephalus L., of
      Lake Borullus, A.R.E.
AB  - Helminthological examination of grey mullets, Mugil capito Cuv. and M. cephalus
      L. from brackish Lake Borullus in the Nile Delta in the Lower Egypt revealed that
      these fishes are infected with two species of digenetic trematodes,
      Haplosplanchnus pachystoma (Eysenhardt, 1829) and Saccocoelium obesum Loos, 1902
      and one acanthocephalan species, Neoechinorhynchus agilis (Rudolphi, 1819). On
      comparing the incidence and intensity of infection of individual fish samples it
      was found that after migration from the sea to the lake the grey mullets lose
      gradually their intestinal trematodes.

PMID- 1193490
TI  - Moniliformis dubius Meyer, 1933 (Acanthocephala) in Egypt.

PMID- 1193491
TI  - First finding of Nematodirus roscidus Railliet, 1911 (Nematoda) in
      Czechoslovakia.

PMID- 1193492
TI  - Relationship between the presence of linolenic acid and the ability to form
      respiration-deficient mutants in yeast.

PMID- 1193493
TI  - Biological changes in the rhizosphere of wheat after foliar application of
      chlorocholinechloride, urea and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid.
AB  - In field experiments wheat in the phase of shooting was sprayed with solutions of
      chlorocholinechloride (CCC) and urea, CCC and ammonium salt MCPA (Aminex) or CCC,
      urea and Aminex. The effect of the treatment on dry weight of overground parts of
      wheat, number of bacteria, production of carbon dioxide, urease activity and
      content of ammonium in the rhizosphere soil was investigated. In all cases
      evolution of carbon dioxide in the rhizosphere soil was higher than that in the
      control soil. Highest numbers of bacteria were found in the rhizosphere soil of
      plants treated with urea, the herbicide and their mixtures. Content of ammonium
      was higher in the control soil than in the rhizosphere soils, the urease activity
      was highest in the rhizosphere soil of plants treated with the solution of the
      herbicide and with the combination of the herbicide with urea.

PMID- 1193494
TI  - The Azotobacter flora of some Czechoslovakian watercourses.
AB  - The occurrence of Azotobacter in some Szechoslovakian watercourses has been
      investigated. Several strains belonging to A. chroococcum and A. beijerinckii
      were isolated from 7 out of 18 samples. A. insignis has been isolated from the
      flowing water of Lake Machovo at Doksy. This is first report of this strictly
      aquatic Azotobacter species in Czechoslovakian watercourses. The taxonomy of the
      genus Azotobacter was discussed against the background of the existing knowledge
      resulting mainly from other taxonomic techniques than those based on the
      phenotypically expressed characters.

PMID- 1193495
TI  - Antimicrobial agents. XXIV. Antifungal activity of 2-chloro-7-fluoro-10
      piperazinodibenzo[b,f]thiepins.

PMID- 1193496
TI  - Genetic variability of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii induced by six urea derivatives.
AB  - The lethal and mutagenic effect of six urea derivatives applied to the cells of
      Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dang was investigated. The mutagenic effect of two N
      alkylnitroso derivatives (N-methyl-N-nitroso- and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea), two
      monoalkyl derivatives (N-methyl- and N-ethylurea) and two dialkyl derivatives
      (N,N'-dimethyl- and N,N'-diethylurea) was compared at equal molar concentrations
      and different cell survival or at equitoxic concentrations, i.e. at equal
      survival. The former type of appraisal shows the alkylnitroso derivatives to be
      strong mutagenic agents, exceeding in their effect several times both monoalkyl-
      and dialkyl derivatives. MNU is seen to be a stronger mutagen than ENU. Alkyl
      derivatives are generally weak mutagens, the strongest being DEU and the least
      potent DMU. On using the latter type of evaluation MNU is seen to be clearly the
      strongest mutagen while the other five compounds, including ENU, have, at
      equitoxic concentrations, approximately the same effect.

PMID- 1193497
TI  - Transport properties of membrane vesicles from Acholeplasma laidlawii. III.
      Evidence of active nature of glucose transport.
AB  - Membrane vesicles obtained from Acholeplasma laidlawii accumulate glucose as well
      as maltose and fructose against their concentration gradient in the absence of
      exogenous energy sources. Glucose uptake by membrane vesicles is inhibited by
      anaerobiosis and by electron transfer inhibitors, such as rotenone and amytal,
      but not by 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide, antimycin A, cyanide and azide.
      Rotenone, cyanide and amytal also produce a rapid efflux of glucose from the
      membrane vesicles. Arsenate, oligomycin and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodimide do not
      inhibit glucose transport. Transport of glucose is markedly inhibited by proton
      conductors such as CCCP and pentachlorophenol. It is concluded that glucose
      transport can be driven by a high-energy state of the membrane or by the membrane
      potential.

PMID- 1193498
TI  - Serum lysozyme in mice subjected to combined immunosuppression with 6
      mercaptopurine and hydrocortisone.
AB  - Simultaneous peroral administration of 6-mercaptopurine (80 mg/kg per day) and
      subcutaneous injection of hydrocortisone (1 mg/mouse per day) for ten days
      results in increased lethality and more pronounced decrease in total peripheral
      leukocyte count and serum lysozyme levels as compared with mice receiving each
      drug separately. The possible mechanism of this effect is discussed.

PMID- 1193499
TI  - Effects of four types of disfluency on listener reactions.

PMID- 1193500
TI  - Percutaneous laryngeal electromyography. Standardization of the technique.

PMID- 1193501
TI  - Bronchus anomalies associated with Sedlackova syndrome.

PMID- 1193503
TI  - Analysis of high-speed motion pictures of the vocal folds.

PMID- 1193502
TI  - [1st experiences with Sheehan's stuttering-anxiety therapy with adolescent
      stutterers].

PMID- 1193504
TI  - [High-speed motion pictures of vocal cord movements in open and covered singing].

PMID- 1193506
TI  - Development of autistic children with special regard to their means of verbal
      expression.

PMID- 1193505
TI  - [Intention and action myoclonus. Analysis of changes in voice and speech].

PMID- 1193507
TI  - [Voice and speech disorders in the Parkinsonian syndrome].

PMID- 1193508
TI  - A study of the electromyographic activity of the muscle orbicularis oris.

PMID- 1193509
TI  - Quantitative assessment of voice function in microlaryngology.

PMID- 1193510
TI  - Report on the speech intelligibility of a glossectomee: perceptual and acoustic
      observations.

PMID- 1193511
TI  - The electroglottography and its relation to glottal activity.

PMID- 1193512
TI  - [Risks of providing hearing aids in early childhood].

PMID- 1193513
TI  - [The patient and his care team in a psychotherapeutically-oriented hospital for
      nervous diseases].

PMID- 1193514
TI  - [Alcoholism in school-age children].
AB  - Curiosity motivated consumption of illegal drugs by young people decreased during
      the last 5 years. At the same time the problem of school-children abusing alcohol
      increased. This has to be seen against the background of more general
      epidemiological data of alcohol consumption in the Federal Republic of Germany: -
      between 1961 and 1974 the expenditure for alcoholic beverages more than doubled; 
      -according to serious estimations there are between 700,000 and 1 million of
      alcoholics in this country (from these about 8-10% being minors); --the average
      age of inmates of clinics for alcoholics dropped considerably during the last
      decade. Main findings of a follow-up survey conducted (size of sample: about
      10,000 school-children in Hamburg, age 13-20, representative of a total of
      110,000) are: --more than 25% of the above mentioned 110,000 school-children
      showed a rather excessive drinking behaviour (i.e. having been drunk 1-5 or more
      than 5 times during a period of 2 months prior to the interviews); --positive
      correlations were found to exist between excessive drinking habits and certain
      psycho-social variables (i.e. broken home, suicide-attempts, excessive
      consumption of alcohol by the parents, etc.); --the subgroup of those school
      children who were users of illegal drugs: about 60% of them belong also to the
      category of "excessive alcohol user". Reasons for the general increase of alcohol
      consumption in Western Germany are for instance: --a change of drinking habits
      (more frequently, drinking at home and alone); --a shift of preferances (from
      relatively low percentage-beverages like beer and wine to so-called hard
      liquors); --an increase of alcohol consumption among those societal groups--the
      young and women--who formerly were almost abstinent. Some reasons and causes for
      the increase of alcohol consumption among school-children are: --being exposed to
      negative model-behaviour of adults and especially of parents; --peer-group
      pressure; --the discovery of school-children by the industry as an important
      consumer group, i.e. shape of images through advertisement (for example "drinking
      makes you appear strong" etc.); --the increasing loss of functions of traditional
      agents of socialization (i.e. family, school and religion).

PMID- 1193515
TI  - [Problems of toxic psychosis as illustrated on the example of the so-called LSD
      psychosis].
AB  - The effects of LSD are characterized by a number of disturbances of perception
      and experience, which can be observed in the fields of visual, spatial and
      temporal perception and of affectivity. We also see disturbances of experience,
      which can otherwise be observed only in psychoses, for example reduction or
      change of cognitive functions, but also depersonalization and euphoria. In
      atypical courses of intoxication ("horror-trips") anxiety and excitement are
      predominant. Atypical courses of intoxication may be interrupted by "talk down"
      and additional application of tranquilizers. In a certain number of LSD-users in
      our clinic we saw psychoses. We classify them into flash-backs, exogenic (toxic)
      psychoses and so-called "endoform psychoses". The latter implies three possible
      constellations: accidental coincidence of LSD-use and psychosis; pre-existing
      psychosis with symptomatic use of LSD as an attempt of self-treatment; finally
      the onset of a psychosis may be triggered by the use of the halluzinogen. From
      the symptomatological cross-section they cannot reliably be distinguished from
      real schizophrenia. An independent nosological unit "LSD-psychosis" does not seem
      to exist.

PMID- 1193516
TI  - [Prenatal diagnosis].
AB  - Not less than 4% of live-born individuals suffer from some genetic or partly
      genetic condition. The risk in genetic high risk pregnancies is dependant on the
      mode of inheritance. Genetic-counselling and in some severe disorders prenatal
      diagnosis can help to avoid genetic diseases. Indications, technique and results
      of amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases are discussed.

PMID- 1193517
TI  - [Genetic counseling].

PMID- 1193518
TI  - [Pregnancy with an intrauterine pessary in the placenta].
AB  - A case of a 23 year old patient which had become pregnant with a copper-T-IUD in
      situ is presented. After a pregnancy without many complications a healthy child
      was born. The copper-T-IUD was partially embedded in the placenta. Usually the
      delivery of a living and healthy child will not take place if a foreign body is
      situated in the placenta. If a woman becomes pregnant in spite of an IUD in situ,
      the IUD should be removed, even if this removal should terminate pregnancy. The
      risk of septic abortion in a pregnant woman with an IUD in situ is 1 in 15 to 1
      in 30.

PMID- 1193519
TI  - [Legal abortions at the University-Gynecological Clinic Mannheim during 1971
      1974].
AB  - Between 1971 and 1974 142 legal abortions were performed. Methods used were
      determined by gestational age, size of the uterus and whether or not abortion in
      conjunction with sterilization was indicated. Dilatation and evacuation was
      employed in 46% of cases; in 8% of these sterilization was performed at a later
      date. A further 55% were treated by means of primary hysterectomy, 38% via the
      vaginal route, 17% via the abdominal route. Complications were observed in 4
      cases (3 perforations, 1 post-operative haemorrhage, 1 case of endometritis). The
      complication rate was not higher than in non-pregnant women.

PMID- 1193520
TI  - [Potency disorders in the aging men. Psychiatric aspects].
AB  - Based on experiences gained in psychiatric counselling for patients with problems
      specific to climacterium virile, the climacterium virile as a time of crisis is
      compared to the period of puberty. Suggestions are given to provide a crisis
      management for this particular period of life in order to improve the chances for
      a satisfactory development during the subsequent years of life.

PMID- 1193521
TI  - [Exo- and endocrine testicular function in the aging man].
AB  - In males over 60 years of age FSH excretion remains within the same range, whilst
      LH secretion increases significantly. Plasma testosterone and the biological
      active testosterone fraction decreases whilst at the same time the percentage of
      protein bound biological inactive testosterone increases. The androgen dependent
      target tissues become less sensitive to testosterone. The metabolic clearance
      rate for testosterone decreases. Spermatogenesis seems to stay intact in male
      senescence but exhaustive research in this field is not available.

PMID- 1193522
TI  - [Testicular histology in the aging man].
AB  - In aged men beyond 50 years--regardless of claims of impotence or infertility-
      testicular biopsies are discussed. Generally speaking all biopsies show more or
      less histological changes due to old age. Reduced spermatogenesis, fibrosis of
      tubule walls and retrogression of Leydig cells are mostly seen. The morphological
      changes in Leydig cells reflect the usual cell failure more convincably than the
      decrease in number. Selected microphotographs represent characteristic biopsies
      in old age. These findings confirm the previous results of other investigators.
      The various histological changes explain the different intensity and the variety
      of the claims in aged men as definite signs for male climacteric.

PMID- 1193523
TI  - [Qualitative and quantitative determination of proteins in the seminal plasma of
      the aging man].
AB  - A short review on the origin of the human spermaplasma proteins and their
      different methods of examination is given. It follows a description of the
      results of 44 men over 50 years of age concerning albumin and immunoglobulin IgA
      and IgG. These results were obtained with an immunodiffusion technique.

PMID- 1193524
TI  - [Foreign proteins in the blood and lymph after oral administration. Giant
      molecular foreign proteins in the blood and lymph of adult animals and men and
      their biological effectiveness after enteral administration].
AB  - With isotopic and immunological methods it could be demonstrated that: 1. Rabbit-
      and horse-proteins can be absorbed from the gut into blood and lymph of rats and
      dogs in highmolecular form. 2. The highmolecular part after the passage of the
      intestinal wall was calculated between 5 and 20%. 3. The increase of the
      lymphocytotoxicity in the lymph of rats from 1:2 to 1:16 after enteral
      application of horse-antihuman-lymphocyte-gammaglobulin indicates the biological
      activity of the protein after the penetration through the gut. Furthermore the
      immunosuppressive effect of ALS after oral application could be demonstrated on
      the survival time of allogeneic skin transplants. A significant lymphopenia could
      be induced in dogs after the oral application of horse-antidog-gammaglobulin.
      From these findings far reaching consequences must be drawn concerning
      nutritional and immunological aspects. By the enteral absorption of proteins for
      example a natural tolerance must be induced which is broken in food allergies.
      Furthermore it is conceivable that the immunocompetent cells of the gastro
      intestinal tract can be manipulated for the purpose of immunization or
      desensibilization within therapeutical programs of prophylactic medicine.

PMID- 1193525
TI  - [Development of clinical nuclear medicine].

PMID- 1193526
TI  - [Anemia in chronic renal insufficiency].
AB  - Anemia is known as one of the earliest manifestations of chronic renal
      insufficiency. Anemia begins at a serum creatinine level of 2 mg/100 ml. There is
      no correlation between the degree of anemia and the etiology of renal disease.
      Patients on chronic hemodialysis shown an average hematocrit of 23%. In the
      pathogenesis of renal anemia various factors may be discussed, especially a
      deficiency of iron and erythropoietin. A method of conservative therapy which
      would allow optimal treatment of renal anemia is not yet available. Successful
      renal transplantation has to be considered the best therapeutic measure in
      terminal renal insufficiency.

PMID- 1193527
TI  - [Sonographic thyroid diagnosis].
AB  - Sonography is suitable for the examination of thyroid glands respectively
      goiters. This method particularly gains in the differentiation of cold nodules or
      cold regions. In more than 50% of patients with cold nodules sonography showed
      cystic lesions. In addition, ultrasonically guided percutaneous fine needle
      biopsy is employed for emptying cysts or gaining material for cytological
      examination.

PMID- 1193528
TI  - [Modification of infectious-allergic processes by oral administration of
      antigens].
AB  - The oral administration of appropriate antigens causes a decrease in
      sensitization as shown by the models of tuberculin allergy in guinea pigs and of
      the sensitization of guinea pigs and rabbits to corynebacterium acnes antigens.

PMID- 1193529
TI  - Serum 5-hydroxytryptamine level in manic-depressive illness.

PMID- 1193530
TI  - Mechanism of action of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol on reduction of skin serotonin
      level in frogs.

PMID- 1193531
TI  - Facilitation of junction potentials in response to hypogastric nerve stimulation
      in guinea-pig seminal vesicle.

PMID- 1193532
TI  - Medium calcium and the contraction of the dog spleen strip induced by
      noradrenaline, acetylcholine, isoproterenol, and barium.

PMID- 1193533
TI  - Difference of sensitivity to catecholamines between isolated rat colon and
      duodenum.

PMID- 1193534
TI  - Fiberduodenoscopic study of surgical diseases--an approach to the problem of
      cystic duct remnants.

PMID- 1193535
TI  - Receptors for phenylephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rat jejunum.

PMID- 1193536
TI  - Pseudomonases as contaminants of tissue cultures.

PMID- 1193537
TI  - The relationship between mitochondrial heterogeneity and gluconeogenesis in liver
      mitochondria of the rat, pigeon and guinea pig.
AB  - Isolated mitochondria of pigeon and guinea pig liver were subjected to zonal
      centrifugation. With pigeon liver mitochondria there was uniform distribution of
      pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, malate dehydrogenase,
      aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities. Guinea pig
      liver mitochondria demonstrated two pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate
      carboxykinase maxima but only one maximum with aspartate aminotransferase, malate
      dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase. Mitochondrial enzyme levels in rat,
      pigeon and guinea pig indicate different roles of certain gluconeogenic enzymes
      in the transport of carbon and hydrogen in and out of mitochondria.

PMID- 1193538
TI  - Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and hypoxanthine uptake in human
      erythrocytes.
AB  - A system of hypoxanthine uptake and IMP retention was studied and characterized
      in human erythrocytes. It follows closely the system already described for rabbit
      erythrocytes[7]. IMP formation and retention are dependent on the activity of
      hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl-transferase and on intracellular availability of
      phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (P-Rib-PP), which is one of the substrates. In the
      extrecellular medium, neither P-Rib-PP nor GMP -- a potent inhibitor of the
      enzyme in vitro -- has any influence on IMP retention. The amount of residual
      hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase in erythrocyte ghost preparations is
      directly related to the residual hemoglobin content. Thus the enzyme is
      characterized as typically soluble and "loosely bound" to membranes. There is a
      slight difference in the kinetic properties of the ghost-bound and the free
      soluble enzyme. The possible importance of these results for purine uptake and
      utilization in human red cells is discussed.

PMID- 1193539
TI  - Drug-induced foam cell reactions in rats, II. Chemical analysis of lipids stored
      in lungs and foam cells after treatment with chlorphentermine, 5-[p-(fluoren-9
      ylidenemethyl)phenyl]-2-piperidineethanol (RMI 10.393) and 1-chloramitriptyline.
AB  - Lipidosis and foam cell reaction was induced in rat lungs by repeated
      administration of chlorphentermine, RMI 10.393 (=5-[p-(fluoren-9
      ylidenemethyl)phenyl]-2-piperidineethanol), and 1-chloramitriptyline. Foam cell
      and lung lipids were extracted and separated in classes by thin-layer
      chromatography. Phospholipids were determined by phosphorus analysis, while
      neutral lipids were measured densitometrically. In lungs of drug-treated rats
      lecithin, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl inositol and
      free fatty acids accumulated in varying amounts. All other lipids were present in
      normal or reduced concentrations. Foam cells of chlorphentermine- and RMI 10.393
      treated rats contained mainly phospholipids, i.e. lecithin and only small amounts
      of neutral lipids, i.e. cholesterol. Foam cells induced by 1-chloramitriptyline
      contained besides phospholipids also large amounts of neutral lipids, i.e.
      cholesterol, free fatty acids and cholesterol esters. This study and recent
      reports of others show that certain drugs produce a generalized metabolic
      disturbance characterized by accumulation of various lipids in several tissues.
      The distribution patterns of lipids induced by various drugs may differ
      considerably. This indicates that several biochemical mechanisms may be involved
      in the pathogenesis of drug-induced lipidosis.

PMID- 1193540
TI  - [Accumulation of basic amino acid residues, rate of autolysis and relative length
      of gut during trypsin evolution (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of six trypsins (crayfish, dogfish, horse, pig, sheep, bovine) showed
      that among these the highest lysine + arginine content and the highest
      inactivation rate occur in specialized herbivorous animals with extreme length of
      gut. Since the autocatalytic degradation in trypsins can take place only at
      lysine or arginine residues, an accumulation of basic amino acids, the increase
      of the autocatalytic inactivation rate and the relative length of gut might be
      correlated during the evolution of mammalian trypsins.

PMID- 1193541
TI  - The covalent structure of glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase from human
      muscles. Isolation and amino acid sequences of peptides from tryptic digest.

PMID- 1193542
TI  - 4-Denitro-4-azido-chloramphenicol as a "photoaffinity label".

PMID- 1193543
TI  - Cytolysis of red cells mediated by phallolysin, a toxin binding to N
      acetylglucosamine on the cell surface.

PMID- 1193545
TI  - Using census data to assess community mental health services.

PMID- 1193544
TI  - Evaluating the effectiveness of a telephone crisis center from the consumer's
      viewpoint.

PMID- 1193546
TI  - Basic concepts in mental health evaluation: integrating program evaluation and
      medical audit.

PMID- 1193547
TI  - Basic concepts in mental health evaluation: keeping evaluation questions on a
      realistic level.

PMID- 1193548
TI  - Designing mental health studies: the case for experimental design.

PMID- 1193549
TI  - Designing mental health studies: the pragmatics of nonexperimental design.

PMID- 1193550
TI  - A survey of factors related to mental hospital readmissions.
AB  - The authors followed up 107 patients selected at random from those discharged
      from a southern state mental hospital in fiscal year 1972-73. They attempted to
      differentiate those who were readmitted to the hospital from those who were not
      on the basis of 52 factors, both personal and environmental, and also compared
      those who misused alcohol with those who did not. In their sample, 36 of the
      patients returned to theinstitution, and 71 did not. One of the findings was that
      in both the total sample and in the nonalcoholic subsample, those readmitted more
      often received income ffrom sources other than their own employment or the
      employment of someone in their household. They also tended to be single,
      separated, or divorced. In both the alcoholic and nonalcoholic subsamples, those
      readmitted reported more contacts with the community mental health center after
      their discharge than those not readmitted. In the total sample, the readmitted
      patients engaged in fewer leisure-time activities and were more likely to report
      a drinking problem.

PMID- 1193551
TI  - Follow-up of mentally retarded adults successfully and unsuccessfully placed in
      community group homes.
AB  - State hospital staff members compared 72 retarded adult patients who had been
      successfully placed in group homes in the community with 13 patients who had been
      placed but rehospitalized. No significant differences were found between the
      groups on the four variables of sex, age at the time of the study, age at first
      admission to the hospital, and time spent in the hospital. A comparison of
      preplacement problems listed in the patients' hospital records with the reasons
      for rehospitalization of the unsuccessfully placed group suggests that both
      hospital staff and group home parents find aggressive behaviors a problem, but
      that group home parents are more concerned than hospital staff with deficiencies
      in self-care.

PMID- 1193552
TI  - Using mechanical restraints on acutely disturbed psychiatric patients.

PMID- 1193553
TI  - Alliances of professionals and paraprofessionals: who owns the turf?

PMID- 1193554
TI  - Discounting psychotherapy in training programs: throwing out the baby.

PMID- 1193555
TI  - Employees learn how to lose.

PMID- 1193556
TI  - Societal, organizational concerns should be addressed in planning.

PMID- 1193557
TI  - The patient comment form is a hospital performance indicator.

PMID- 1193558
TI  - Establishing a graduate nursing program: the Arkansas experience.

PMID- 1193559
TI  - Microwave system reduces costs, improves meals.

PMID- 1193560
TI  - Hospital carpeting: selection and maintenance.

PMID- 1193561
TI  - Hospital establishes inhouse program for medical equipment control.

PMID- 1193562
TI  - Set safety stock to achieve optimum stock-out policy.

PMID- 1193563
TI  - Current legislation enhances health care planning prospects.

PMID- 1193565
TI  - Back-door selling boosts hospital operating costs.

PMID- 1193564
TI  - One year under Taft-Hartley.

PMID- 1193566
TI  - How to attain optimal productivity.

PMID- 1193567
TI  - Productivity studies reviewed, trends analyzed.

PMID- 1193568
TI  - Marriage patterns and fertility in three Papua New Guinean populations.

PMID- 1193569
TI  - Hepatitis B surface antigen (Australia antigen) in parents and sex ratio of
      offspring in a Greek population.

PMID- 1193570
TI  - Responses of Hawaiian-born Japanese and Caucasians to a standardized cold
      exposure.

PMID- 1193571
TI  - Comparisons of breast pigmentation among women of different racial groups.

PMID- 1193572
TI  - Relation between tobacco smoking of pregnant women and body size of their
      progeny: a compilation and synthesis of published studies.

PMID- 1193573
TI  - The ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide among the Tripolitanians, Cyrenaicans,
      and Fezzanites of Libya and the Kikuyu, Kamba, and Taita of Kenya.

PMID- 1193574
TI  - Reproducibility of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and in response
      to submaximal bicycle ergometer tests in middle-aged men.

PMID- 1193575
TI  - Hematocrit among blacks with sickle cell trait.

PMID- 1193576
TI  - The palmar a-b ridge count and sex chromosomes.

PMID- 1193577
TI  - Early fetal brain growth.

PMID- 1193578
TI  - Anthropometric measurements of the newborn, sex differences, and correlations
      between measurements.

PMID- 1193579
TI  - Erikson's theory of human development as it applies to the aged: wisdom as
      contradictive cognition.

PMID- 1193580
TI  - Ego development in dialectical perspective.

PMID- 1193581
TI  - Development of sex-role transcendence.

PMID- 1193582
TI  - A dialectical approach to moral judgment and self-esteem.

PMID- 1193583
TI  - Relativism and the problem of epistemological loneliness.

PMID- 1193584
TI  - Familial dialectics in a clinical context.

PMID- 1193585
TI  - The moral dilemmas of the Quinlan case.

PMID- 1193586
TI  - On death and afterlife: a biblical and theological interpretation.

PMID- 1193587
TI  - Project analyses and capital budgeting: developmental model.

PMID- 1193588
TI  - A policy and procedure system for hospital administration.

PMID- 1193590
TI  - Hospital's sponsorship broadened to include diocese.

PMID- 1193589
TI  - An academician reflects on dietetic practice.

PMID- 1193591
TI  - Hospital testing of products and procedures for inanimate environmental
      decontamination. 1. The importance of recognizing environmental challenges.

PMID- 1193592
TI  - Focus on management methods.

PMID- 1193593
TI  - The mixed standard merit rating system applied to hospitals.

PMID- 1193594
TI  - Employee participation as an alternative to unions.

PMID- 1193595
TI  - Administrative responsibility for the use of electronic devices in hospitals.

PMID- 1193596
TI  - How to use outside management to help develop valid savings, improve patient
      care, and satisfy your own professional staff.

PMID- 1193597
TI  - Hospital testing of products and procedures for inanimate environmental
      decontamination. II. Test methods and results.

PMID- 1193598
TI  - How to reduce mortality from burns by proper therapy.

PMID- 1193599
TI  - Human triploid cell strain. Phenotype on cellular level.
AB  - The complex investigation of the bilogical properties of the triploid cell strain
      derived from a spontaneous abortus was carried out. Cytomorphological,
      autoradiographic, cytochemical, biochemical and immunochemical investigation
      showed that, according to most of the investigated properties, triploid cells did
      not differ from normal diploid cells. The cells had normal form, were well
      orientated, revealed expressed fibrillar apparatus and viability in the culture
      during 15--17 passages. The decrease of the alkaline phosphatase level, increase
      of acid phosphatase, lactate and malatdehydrogenase and greater nuclei area were
      the essential differences from the control. The cells had normal mitotic cycle
      parameters and the antigenic spectrum was practically identical to the normal
      cells.

PMID- 1193600
TI  - Tandem duplication q14 and dicentric formation by end-to-end chromosome fusions
      in ataxia telandiectasia (AT). Clinical and cytogenetic findings in 5 patients.
AB  - Chromosome studies on lymphocyte cultures were performed in 5 patients with AT, 2
      of whom had been followed for 4 years. Four out of these patients showed an
      increased incidence of chromosome-type aberrations. A clonal development was
      present in one patient, 96% of his metaphases containing a tandem duplication of
      almost the entire long arm 14. Four years earlier the proportion of these cells
      was 80%. Two other patients presented a small proportion of cells with an
      unidentified abnormally long D chromosome. In a total of 724 metaphases from 4
      patients 31 dicentric chromosomes were observed, all of a peculiar type; in their
      formation no chromosome material was lost and they all seem to have arisen by end
      to-end fusions. The incidence of chromatid-type aberrations was normal or at the
      upper limit of control values in all 5 cases. The sister chromatid exchange rate
      studied with BUDR in 3 patients was found to be normal.

PMID- 1193601
TI  - The human leulocyte test system. VII. Further investigations concerning
      micronucleus-derived premature chromosome condensation.
AB  - Premature chromosome condensation (PCC) from X-ray induced micronuclei shows a
      dose-effect relationship in human leukocytes in vitro. Preparations at different
      culture times without colcemide treatment reveal complex variations of the
      frequencies of micronuclei and PCC correlated with the fixation time. The
      positions of PCC patches in the metaphase plate and the frequencies of different
      PCC types (S and G2) ar independent on the X-ray dose. The latter indicates that
      the slowing down of the micronuclei in the cell cycle, which is the reason for
      the formation of PCC, may be an outcome rather of a regulatory phenomenon than of
      an unspecific physiological damage of the chromatin included in the micronuclei.
      This is especially evident from labeling experiments with tritiated thymidine,
      showing that the extent of asynchrony between main nuclei and micronuclei is
      independent on the X-ray dose. Labeling experiments with tritiated uridine reveal
      a X-ray dose dependent suppression of RNA synthesis in cells with main nuclei and
      micronuclei. THE S-phase nature of "pulverized" PCC patches could be verified by
      incorporation of tritiated thymidine in aound 50%. Staining of centromeric
      heterochromatin in micronuclei reveal a frequency of micronuclei with centromeric
      heterochromatin resembling the frequency of G2-phase PCC found in mitoses.

PMID- 1193602
TI  - The metaphase chromosome ultrastructure. II. Helical organization of the basic
      chromosome fiber as revealed by acute angle metal deposition.
AB  - The acute angle metal depositon technique, discloses a helical chromosome fiber
      substructure. The microdensitometric analysis of the fiber parameters shows that
      a fibril 152 A in diameter coils to form the basic chromosome fiber 295 A in
      diameter with a pitch of 247 A. These figures should be corrected because of the
      thickening due to metal deposition, the real dimensions would be closer to 112 A
      for the fibril diameter and 255 A for fiber diameter. The real pitch value is
      probably somewhat smaller than 247 A (approximatively 200 A) as the values were
      obtained by analysing slightly stretched fibers. These results support the
      helical model of the chromosomes fiber organization and show that, most probably,
      the metaphase chromosome fiber as seen in electron microscopy is the second order
      of helical packing.

PMID- 1193603
TI  - An abortus with a normal/trisomy 16 mosaicism: instability of trisomic cells in
      vitro.
AB  - A 46,XX/47,XX,+16 mosaicism was demonstrated in cultured chorionic cells obtained
      from an abortion material. By tracing polymorphic fluorescent chromosome markers
      in the abortus and the parents, the karyotypically normal component was confirmed
      to be non-maternal in origin. The trisomic cells showed a growth disadvantage,
      and were overtaken by the normal cells in prolonged cultivation.

PMID- 1193604
TI  - Hexokinase isozymes in human neoplastic and fetal tissues: the existence of
      hexokinase II in malignant tumors and in placenta.
AB  - The distribution of electrophoretic fractions of hexokinase (HK E.C. 2.7.1.1) in
      extracts of 53 human primary tumors, homologous normal tissues and fetal organs
      was investigated. It was found that the fraction HK II is present in every
      malignant tumor and in placenta tissue.

PMID- 1193605
TI  - Predominance of the haemoglobin E gene in a Mongoloid population in Assam
      (India).
AB  - A high frequency of the haemoglobin E gene (HbbetaE) had been found in 1972 in
      the Ahom, a mongoloid population in Upper Assam. The present study confirms
      frequencies between 0.3 and 0.35 for this population in a larger sample from
      different areas. An even higher frequency near 0.5 was found in the Kachari of
      Upper Assam, a tribe of the tibetoburman Bodo group. HbbetaE frequencies in these
      groups are compared with the frequencies in the general Assamese population and
      the austroasiatic Khasi of Meghalaya.

PMID- 1193606
TI  - Y-chromatin positive cells in the smear preparations of the gonad from a XX male.
AB  - An ambisexual male infant showed a normal female karyotype by the leukocyte
      culture technique in two different occasions. Cultured fibroblasts from the right
      gonad had also a 46, XX complement. They were Y-chromatin negative. To our
      surprise, Y-chromatin was observed in 96% of the nuclei in smears from the
      uncultured gonad. It is emphasized that the examination of the uncultured gonad
      by the quinacrine technique is mandatory in the study of "XX males".

PMID- 1193607
TI  - [Trisomy 4p. Three new observations (author's transl)].
AB  - Three new observations of trisomy 4p are reported. Two are due to a maternal
      translocation t(4;15). The third is due to a "mirror" duplication, it is the
      first case of trisomy 4p without balanced parental rearrangement. The very
      characteristic phenotype is compared to that of 13 other patients already
      reported in the literature.

PMID- 1193608
TI  - Miniaturized electrode for on-line PO2 measurements.

PMID- 1193609
TI  - A new method for utilizing a standard electrocardiograph for in vivo clinical
      pacemaker analysis.

PMID- 1193610
TI  - A computerized system for optimal filtering of left ventricular pressure data.

PMID- 1193611
TI  - Dynamic force measurement at the microgram level, with application to myofibrils
      of striated muscle.

PMID- 1193612
TI  - Monitoring the level of anesthesia by automatic analysis of spontaneous EEG
      activity.

PMID- 1193613
TI  - Electronic simulation of the vertebrate retina.

PMID- 1193614
TI  - Automatic focusing of a computer-controlled microscope.

PMID- 1193615
TI  - Limitations of frequency dependence as a measure of airway obstruction.

PMID- 1193616
TI  - A self-contained hydraulic power source for artificial upper limbs.

PMID- 1193617
TI  - On the fluid mechanics of human coronary artery stenosis.

PMID- 1193618
TI  - Ultrasonic measurement of blood coagulation time.

PMID- 1193619
TI  - Switched gain--a technique for simplifying ultrasonic measurement of cardiac wall
      thickness.

PMID- 1193620
TI  - Electrical recording and reproduction of ultrasono-tomograms using a VTR.

PMID- 1193621
TI  - A concise parametric representation of electrocardiograms.

PMID- 1193622
TI  - Modeling the stationarity and Gaussianity of spontaneous electroencephalographic
      activity.

PMID- 1193623
TI  - The electrical response of the human eye to sinusoidal light stimulation.

PMID- 1193624
TI  - Estimation of intracellular potentials from evoked neural pulse trains.

PMID- 1193625
TI  - Analog simulation of left ventricular bypass mode control.

PMID- 1193626
TI  - Analysis of plethysmographic estimation of alveolar pressure.

PMID- 1193627
TI  - Analysis and simulation of an adaptive system for forced ventilation of the
      lungs.

PMID- 1193628
TI  - An electromechanical demand regulated liquid breathing system.

PMID- 1193629
TI  - A body current activated circuit breaker.

PMID- 1193630
TI  - Analog sample/hold circuit for physiological signal monitoring.

PMID- 1193631
TI  - Preliminary trials in single living cells with a piezoelectric microinjector.

PMID- 1193632
TI  - An automatic zeroing circuit.

PMID- 1193633
TI  - A note on jogging on a windy day.

PMID- 1193634
TI  - Filtering without phase shift.

PMID- 1193635
TI  - A scheme for biological model improvement (a classroom approach).

PMID- 1193636
TI  - Manufacture of metal microelectrodes with the scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 1193637
TI  - Quantitative gait evaluation of hemiplegic patients using electrical stimulation
      orthoses.

PMID- 1193638
TI  - Precise voltage to frequency converter for telemetry applications of strain gage
      pressure transducers.

PMID- 1193639
TI  - Postprandial bowel sounds.

PMID- 1193641
TI  - The effect of measurement errors on correlation estimates in interval sequences.

PMID- 1193640
TI  - Fluid flow effects on readings from the mass spectrometer with diffusion membrane
      catheter.

PMID- 1193642
TI  - Prehospital coronary care.

PMID- 1193643
TI  - Cardiac arrhythmias in chronic cor pulmonale.

PMID- 1193644
TI  - Congenital coronary artery fistula. A report of 7 cases.

PMID- 1193645
TI  - The Beuren heart.

PMID- 1193646
TI  - Significance of M-complex in acute infarction.

PMID- 1193647
TI  - Oesophageal electrocardiography.

PMID- 1193648
TI  - An evaluation of isotopic methods of investigation for hypertension in the young.

PMID- 1193649
TI  - Platelet adhesiveness and serum magnesium ischaemic heart disease.

PMID- 1193650
TI  - Overdrive pacing in the management of tachyarrhythmia.

PMID- 1193651
TI  - Electrocardiographic changes in head injury.

PMID- 1193652
TI  - Interesting electrocardiogram.

PMID- 1193653
TI  - Letter: Boiled onion and blood fibrinolytic activity.

PMID- 1193654
TI  - Epidemiology of breast cancer in India.

PMID- 1193655
TI  - Mediastinoscopy (a review of 18 cases).

PMID- 1193656
TI  - Evaluation of fine needle aspiration biopsy technique in the diagnosis of
      tumours.

PMID- 1193657
TI  - The cytological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the female genital tract.

PMID- 1193658
TI  - Tetracycline fluorescence test in malignant lesions of the colon.

PMID- 1193659
TI  - Hormonal implications of chemically induced endocrine tumours in serial
      transplantation.

PMID- 1193660
TI  - Tumorigenicity of human cell cultures transformed by urethane 'in vitro'.

PMID- 1193661
TI  - "Effect of standard chemotherapeutic agents on human tumour cell lines "in
      vitro".

PMID- 1193662
TI  - Evaluation of an 'in vitro' sensitivity test for human leukemic cells.

PMID- 1193663
TI  - Carcinoma of the eye in Indian cattle: an epidemiological aspect.

PMID- 1193664
TI  - Build-up studies with three different types of cobalt--60 teletherapy units.

PMID- 1193665
TI  - Keratin granulomas in squamous cell carcinomas treated by irradiation.

PMID- 1193666
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cysts.

PMID- 1193667
TI  - Diagnostic importance of biochemical studies in pancreatic pathology.

PMID- 1193669
TI  - Burkitt's tumour. Report of a case from Eastern India.

PMID- 1193668
TI  - Pulmonary blastoma (embryoma lung). A case report with review of literature.

PMID- 1193670
TI  - Leiomyoma of the appendix (report of a case).

PMID- 1193671
TI  - A simple procedure for the production of Fab from bovine IgG as an absorbent in
      the preparation of class-specific anti-immunoglobulin.

PMID- 1193672
TI  - Sheep erythrocyte Forssman hapten, an isohapten system: composition of the
      ceramide.

PMID- 1193673
TI  - Allotype ratio in isoelectric fractions of anti-azobenzoate antibodies from
      heterozygous rats. A distinct fraction with absolute allotypic predominance in
      all individual rats.

PMID- 1193674
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a CH2 domain fragment of human IgG.

PMID- 1193675
TI  - Papain hydrolysis of goat IgG immunoglobulins: a means of subclass
      characterization.

PMID- 1193676
TI  - Evidence for one hit activation for the in-vitro release of histamine from human
      basophils.

PMID- 1193677
TI  - Freezing and thawing as a means of dissociating antigen bound to immobilized
      antibody.

PMID- 1193678
TI  - Immunochemistry of sperm-whale myoglobin--XXI. Conformation and immunochemistry
      of derivatives modified at certain histidine residues.

PMID- 1193679
TI  - Hapten-binding capacity and population heterogeneity of chicken anti-Dnp IgG
      antibody.

PMID- 1193680
TI  - Studies in IgD--I. Complement fixing activities of IgD myeloma proteins.

PMID- 1193681
TI  - Human secretory component--III. Carbohydrates, amino acids and N-terminal
      sequence.

PMID- 1193682
TI  - Control of the immune response. I. Depression of DNA synthesis by immune lymph
      node cells.
AB  - The DNA response in the regional lymph nodes draining the site of immunization
      with contact sensitizing agents was assessed by measuring the uptake of
      radioactive iododeoxyuridine. The DNA response in the regional lymph nodes
      reached a peak on day 3 after immunization and fell to pre-immunization levels by
      day 6. The hypothesis was tested that lymph node cells from mice immunized with
      picryl chloride might depress the DNA response to the same antigen. Immune lymph
      node cells were injected intravenously and the recipient mice were immunized with
      picryl chloride on the same day. The immune cells depressed the DNA response on
      day 4 by an average of about 60 per cent. Smaller but significant depression also
      occurred on day 3. The cells responsible for the depression appeared in the
      regional lymph nodes 3-4 days after immunization and disappeared by day 21. The
      transfer of small numbers of immune cells (less than 2-5 X 10(6)) increased the
      DNA response in recipients 4 days after immunization with picryl chloride. The
      depression of the DNA response was largely specific. Pooled data from ten
      experiments showed that cells immunized with 4-ethoxymethylene-phenyl oxazolone
      ('oxazolone') caused no depression of the DNA response to picryl chloride,
      although in two of these experiments significant depression of about 21 per cent
      was seen. Similar results were obtained when immune cells were injected into mice
      immunized with 'oxazolone'.

PMID- 1193683
TI  - Immune plasma-dependent cytotoxicity of immune and non-immune peripheral lymphoid
      cells for target cells coated with bacterial outer unit membrane.
AB  - The development of a model system for use in the study of lymphoid cell
      cytotoxicity to bacterial membrane antigens was attempted. In this system 51 Cr
      labelled chicken red blood target cells were coated with pieces of the outer unit
      membrane of leptospirae rather than with soluble antigens. Using the model system
      to study dog peripheral immune lymphoid cell cytotoxicity to coated target cells
      we found that both immune and non-immune lymphocytes are antibody dependent for
      the expression of their cytotoxicity. It was also found that the unit membrane
      preparation from leptospirae can serve as a good antigenic stimulant to immune
      dog lymphoid cells as measured by increased [3H]thymidine uptake.

PMID- 1193684
TI  - Autoimmune New Zealand mouse. Alterations in C3 receptors, complement-induced
      clumps and follicular adherence of immune complexes.
AB  - Lymphocytes with free complement receptors are markedly diminished in autoimmune
      mice, probably as a reflection of a receptor blockage by immune complexes. There
      is also a slight decrease in Fc receptor-bearing cells and an increase in
      complement-induced clumps. These alterations may be related to a lack of immune
      complex fixation onto germinal centres and also may play a part in possible
      defects in T-B-cell co-operation, follicular localization of immune complexes and
      immune response control in autoimmune mice.

PMID- 1193685
TI  - Investigation of the binding site of mouse IgG subclasses to homologous
      peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - The binding of mouse myeloma IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG1 Fc, IgG2b Fc and a pepsin
      produced C-terminal subfragment of IgG1 Fc and IgG2b Fc (provisionally identified
      as pFc') to mouse peritoneal macrophages was investigated. The high affinity
      cytophilic antibodies belonged to IgG2 subclasses and the binding site of these
      antibodies was located in the CH3 homology region.

PMID- 1193686
TI  - N-bromosuccinimide oxidation of anti-DNP and anti-DNP-p-aminobenzoylglutamate
      antibodies in the presence and absence of protecting hapten.
AB  - The reagent N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) has been employed to investigate the role of
      tryptophan in hapten binding in anti-DNP (H-1) and anti-DNP-p
      aminobenzoylglutamate (DNP-ABG) (I-13) antibodies. In 0-1 M acetate (pH 4-0)
      buffer fifteen and sixteen moles of tryptophan in the anti-DNP and anti-DNP-ABG
      antibodies respectively were reactive toward NBS. The hapten DNP-lysine protected
      1 tryptophan in antibody H-1 and three tryptophans in antibody I-13 from NBS
      modification. DNP-ABG protected three tryptophans in antibody H-1 and five
      tryptophans in antibody I-13 from NBS oxidation. NBS treatment of the unprotected
      antibodies resulted in a significant, but not total inhibition of hapten binding,
      while in the hapten protected antibody preparation no significant loss of binding
      occurred due to NBS treatment. The binding activity of the anti-DNP antibody H-1
      was more sensitive to NBS oxidation than was the anti-DNAP-ABG antibody I-13.
      This was apparently due to the larger number of oxidizable tryptophans in I-13
      making it less sensitive to overall tryptophan modification. The results of these
      investigations are discussed in terms of the antibody combining site model
      proposed by Haselkorn et al. (Haselkorn, Friedman, Givol and Pecht, 1974) derived
      from kinetic mapping of the antibody-combining site by chemical relaxation
      spectroscopy.

PMID- 1193687
TI  - Anti-galactan activity in Tridacna maxima (Roding) haemolymph. Calcium dependence
      of the haemagglutinins and precipitins.
AB  - A powerful natural agglutinin with haemagglutinating and precipitating properties
      has been found in the haemolymph from the elongate clam Tridacna maxima (Roding).
      The agglutinin shows anti-galactan properties and reacts with a variety of
      bacteria-, plant-, invertebrate- and vertebrate-derived galactans, glycopeptides
      and polysaccharides. Previous studies which showed that the agglutinin-combining
      sites were inhibited by 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose and D-galactose also
      revealed some anomalies in the reactions of the agglutinin with different
      saccharide-containing macromolecules. In an attempt to resolve these anomalies,
      the present study further examines the precipitating and haemagglutinating
      properties of the agglutinin and illustrates a requirement of the agglutinin for
      Ca2+. The ability of the T. maxima agglutinin to precipitate with structures
      containing terminal beta-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranosyl or D
      galactopyranosyl groups suggests that the Tridacna haemolymph and purified lectin
      will find considerable application in the study of many biologically important
      carbohydrates.

PMID- 1193688
TI  - Studies on phagocytosis in fish. I. In vitro uptake and killing of living
      Staphylococcus aureus by peripheral leucocytes of carp (Cyprinus carpio).
AB  - The clearance and uptake of Staphylococcus aureus were studied in vitro in whole
      blood of immunized and non-immunized carp. Bacterial numbers were determined by :
      (1) counting viable cells in agar plates; (2) counting radioactivity of 14C
      labelled bacteria. Similar results were obtained by these two methods. Neither
      the bacterial growth nor the ingestion of bacteria into the cells seem to be
      influences by immunization. In both immunized and non-immunized groups the number
      of intracellular bacteria increased rapidly during the first 120 minutes, then
      progressed at a slow rate during the next 60 minutes, after which there was a
      rapid decrease in the number of bacteria only in the immune blood. It is
      concluded that the phagocytic cells of immune blood are more effective in
      activating or killing bacteria.

PMID- 1193690
TI  - In vitro luteal transformation of granulosa cells of rabbit ovary in response to
      luteinizing hormone.

PMID- 1193689
TI  - Relationship between age of allogeneic thymus donor and immunological restoration
      of athymic ('nude") mice.
AB  - In nude mice back-crossed a minimum of five times to BALB/c, solid thymus grafts
      from C57Bl donors 3 days of age or younger restored both the humoral immune
      response against sheep erythrocytes and cellular immunity as tested by rejection
      of CBA skin grafts. Donor thymus placed under the renal capsule at a dose of 0-5
      mg/g of recipient resulted in normal humoral immunity, while a minimum dose of 1
      5 mg/g was required to reconstitute cellular competence. None of the various
      amounts of allogeneic thymus tissue transplanted affected the immunological
      status of nude recipients when grafts were obtained from donors 4 days of age or
      older. Histological findings correlated with the humoral and cellular responses
      observed. In nudes grafted with neonatal tissue, the thymus implant proliferated
      and developed normal architecture. The density of lymphocytes in thymus-dependent
      regions of peripheral lymphoid organs was near normal. On the other hand, most
      grafts from older (3-week-old) donors were resorbed by 90 days after
      implantation. In a number of cases, however, Russell bodies and numerous blast
      and plasma cells were seen in the graft site. Our observations suggest a possible
      cytotoxic rejection of implants from older allogeneic donors, while the survival
      and restorative capacity of transplants from 3-day-old or younger donors may have
      been due to a tolerogenic effect of the graft on the nude recipient.

PMID- 1193691
TI  - Effect of supplementation of low casein diet with lysine arginine & methionine on
      liver lipids in rats.

PMID- 1193692
TI  - Circadian rhythm of movements of the house rat, Rattus rattus L.

PMID- 1193693
TI  - Effect of the excessive feeding of dietary amino acids in rats.

PMID- 1193694
TI  - Metabolism of urea in buffalo calves fed on diets of different crude protein
      content.

PMID- 1193695
TI  - Pharmacological investigation of an alkaloid fraction isolated from Strychnos
      potatorum Linn.

PMID- 1193696
TI  - Some aspects of regulation of succinate dehydrogenase activity in gastrocnemius
      muscle of frog.

PMID- 1193697
TI  - Starvation stress on metabolism of the tropical fresh water crab Paratelphusa
      hydrodromus (Herbst), with reference to size, sex & sudden changes of
      temperature.

PMID- 1193698
TI  - Toxic effects of endrin on hepatopancreas of the teleost fish, Clarias batrachus
      (Linn.).

PMID- 1193699
TI  - Stimulated 32P incorporation into Lymnaea embryos exposed to glycerol.

PMID- 1193700
TI  - Urinary phenolic acids of normal dogs & their retention in acute experimental
      uraemia.

PMID- 1193701
TI  - Effect of chemical agents on the learning behaviour of the grass hopper,
      Poecilocera picta. Linn.

PMID- 1193702
TI  - Activity of neurosecretory cells in relation to ovarian cycle of the viviparous
      cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea (Olivier).

PMID- 1193703
TI  - Fuel economy during flight of the dragonfly Pantala flavescens (F).

PMID- 1193704
TI  - Effect of peapollen feeding on maturation & copulation in the beetle, Bruchus
      pisorum L.

PMID- 1193705
TI  - Effect of feeding, spawning & size on chemical constituents of the blood plasma
      of Clarias batrachus (Linn.).

PMID- 1193706
TI  - Quantitative studies of glycogen in Clinostomum complanatum (Rud. 1809) &
      Euclinostomum heterostomum (Rud. 1809) (Clinostomatidae: Trematoda) & a note on
      the correlation between the total glycogen & the habitat of worms.

PMID- 1193707
TI  - Infantile tremor syndrome.

PMID- 1193708
TI  - Asphyxia neonatorum: a clinical evaluation of 60 affected infants.

PMID- 1193709
TI  - Teratomas in children.

PMID- 1193710
TI  - Partial recovery of paralytic vocal cord. Report of a case.

PMID- 1193711
TI  - Management of asphyxia neonatorum.

PMID- 1193712
TI  - Editorial: Cell surface receptors on lymphocytes.

PMID- 1193713
TI  - Type specificity of complement-requiring and immunoglobulin M neutralizing
      antibody in initial herpes simplex virus infections of humans.
AB  - Studies comparing the enhancing effect of guinea pig complement on homotypic and
      heterotypic neutralizing antibodies produced in initial herpes simplex virus
      (HSV) infections of humans indicated that antibodies to HSV type 1 and HSV type 2
      were enhanced to about the same extent, and there was no signigicant difference
      in the degree to which complement enhanced homotypic and heterotypic HSV
      neutralizing antibody. Homotypic and heterotypic immunoglobulin G neutralizing
      antibodies were enhanced by complement to as great, or greater, an extent as
      immunoglobulin M (IgM) HSV antibodies in the same sera. In patients with initial
      HSV type 1 infections, the IgM neutralizing antibody response was type specific.
      On the other hand, patients with initial HSV type 2 infections produced both
      homotypic and heterotypic IgM neutralizing antibody. An initial HSV type 2
      infection in an individual previously infected with HSV type 1 elicited the
      production of IgM neutralizing antibody to both HSV type 1 and HSV type 2.
      However, patients with recurrent HSV type 1 infections failed to produce IgM
      antibody to either HSV type during reactivation of the virus.

PMID- 1193714
TI  - Characterization of extracellular glucosyltransferase activity of Steptococcus
      mutans.
AB  - The extracellular glycosyltransferase activity of Sterptococcus mutans GS-5 has
      been resolved into two non-overlapping fractions after gel filtration
      chromatography on Bio Gel A-15 columns. The activity eluting in the void volume,
      fraction A, was highly aggregated and synthesized both soluble and insoluble
      glucans. The activity retarded by the resin, fraction B, synthesized only soluble
      glucan. Almost all of the extracellular glucosyltransferase activity was eluted
      in the void volume when the cells were grown in Todd-Hewitt medium. However, most
      of the activity migrated as the lower-molecular-weight species when cells were
      grown under conditions which inhibit insoluble glucan formation. The activities
      in both fractions had identical temperature and pH optima as well as similar Km
      values for sucrose. Fraction A synthesized both alpha-1,3- and alpha-1,6- linked
      glucans, whereas fraction B catalyzed alpha-1,6-glucan formation. Fraction B has
      been purified to near homogeneity and is also aggregated with a subunit molecular
      weight of 45,000. The properties of the glucosyltransferases in both fractions
      are discussed in terms of the role of the enzymes in both soluble and insoluble
      glucan formation.

PMID- 1193715
TI  - Experimental measles encephalitis: a genetic analysis.
AB  - The encephalitogenic potential of nine temperature-sensitive mutants of measles
      virus was determined in newborn golden Syrian hamsters. The parental virus
      produced acute encephalitis without any prior adaptation. Six of the mutants were
      attenuated, two were virulent, and one was associated with hydrocephalus with
      acute onset. The attenuated mutants, blocked before measles virus antigen and
      ribonucleic acid synthesis at 39 C, were all members of one complementation
      group. The virulent temperature-sensitive mutants, defective in hemolysin antigen
      synthesis at 39 C, were members of a second complementation group. The
      hydrocephalus-inducing mutant was genetically distinct from the other mutants.
      The mechanism of attenuation most probably does not involve a temperature-induced
      inhibition of virus replication, but rather appears to be related to the partial
      defectiveness of the mutants under permissive conditions.

PMID- 1193716
TI  - Immunological properties of glycolipids from membranes of Acholeplasma laidlawii.
AB  - Glycolipids, the predominant class of lipids in the membranes of Acholeplasma
      laidlawii, are the haptenic determinants that react with anti-A. Laidlawii serum
      to fix complement. The predominant complement-fixing activity of the membrane
      glycolipids was associated with the monoglucoysyl diglyceride, diglucosyl
      diglyceride, glycerlphosphoryl diglucosyl diglyceride (GPDD), and an unknown
      lipid B, which did not react with ninhydrin but release glucose and glycerol and
      traces of phosphorus upon hydrolysis. The glycolipids monoglucosyl diglyceride
      and diglucosyl diglyceride or GPDD and unknown lipid B were paired as a result of
      their cross-reactions with selective antisera prepared with the aid of
      reconstituted membrane complexes containing membrane lipids. Reconstituted
      membrane complexes assembled from [14C]monoglucosyl diglyceride and delipidated
      membrane proteins gave optimal complement fixation titers before saturation of
      the complexes with the ]14C]monoglucosyl diglyceride. The phosphoglycolipid of
      the membrane, GPDD, was anticomplementary as a pure lipid, a cholesterol
      liposome, and a reconstituted membrane complex. This anticomplementary activity,
      which was caused by 3 mug of pure GPDD, affected both human and guinea pig
      complement. Although human C1, C4, C3, and C5 were not inhibited by GPDD, C2 was
      inhibited 10-fold by reconstituted membrane complexes containing 150 mug of GPDD.
      A role for this phosphoglycolipid is discussed in the hypothetical mechanism of
      inhibition of C2 attachment to SAC1, 4 sites.

PMID- 1193717
TI  - Pathogenicity of an attenuated, temperature-sensitive mutant of western equine
      encephalitis virus induced by a chemical mutagen.
AB  - To know the pathogenicity of the chemically induced, temperature-sensitive (ts)
      mutant of western equine encephalitis virus, designated tsNG39, the lethality for
      mice injected with tsNG39, virus yield, interferon production, and histological
      changes in the brains of these mice were examined in parallel with those of mice
      inoculated with the parent strain (PS). All of the mice injected intracranially
      with PS died within 3.5 days after injection irrespective of the inoculum size of
      virus, whereas the lethality of the mice inoculated with tsNG39 varied from 94.3
      to 65.5% among groups of mice and this variation seemed to be correlated with the
      inoculum size of virus rather than with the maximum virus titer in the brain. By
      histological examination, two types of changes in the brain were distinguished,
      inflammatory and degenerative ones. Inflammatory changes were more prominent in
      the brains injected with tsNG39 than in those receiving PS. Degenerative changes
      were dominant in the brains injected with PS, but they were slight in the earlier
      phase of infection by tsNG39 became prominent only later. The degree of
      degenerative change was well correlated with both the virus titer in the mouse
      brain and the death pattern of mice injected with PS or tsNG39. Since
      degenerative changes are thought to be caused by the direct effect of injected
      virus, these results indicated that the factor responsible for the low virulence
      of tsNG39 was the slow viral growth in the brain.

PMID- 1193718
TI  - Effect of glucocorticosteroids on phagosome-lysosome interaction.
AB  - The effects of hydrocortisone on fusion of thorotrast-labeled lysosomes with
      phagosomes containing killed toxoplasmas was studied. Mouse peritoneal
      macrophages from glucocorticosteroid-treated animals fromed phagolysosomes just
      as effectively as macrophages from untreated animals (72% thorotrast-positive
      vacuoles in hydrocortisone-treated animals; 78% in controls). The electron
      microscopic appearence of macrophages from treated or untreated animals was
      similar. This observation complements studies which show no change in
      intracellular microbicidal activity in macrophages treated with
      glucocorticosteriods.

PMID- 1193719
TI  - Cell-associated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis agent studied in organotypic
      central nervous system cultures: viral rescue attempts and morphology.
AB  - Organotypic cultures of hamster cerebellum were exposed to the IP-3-Ca cell line
      , which contains a cell-associated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis agent.
      Central nervous system (CNS) cultures were examined by light and electron
      microscopy as well as standard virological techniques from 3 to 46 days
      postinfection. The results indicate that although viral nucleocapsid material was
      transferred to elements of the CNS, cell-free virus could not be detected by
      virological techniques and by electron microscopy, and budding viral particles
      were not observed. Attempts to recover cell-free virus from hamster CNS tissue
      exposed to IP-3-Ca cells were generally negative. However, 2% of the cultures
      yielded low levels of infectious virus. IP-3-Ca cells were able to transfer the
      cell-associated viral material to all cell types found in the CNS cultures and
      were capable of inducing polykaryocytes in the CNS cultures. The role of cell
      associated virus-like agents in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and other
      chronic CNS infections is discussed.

PMID- 1193720
TI  - Inhibition of hemolytic activity of the thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio
      parahaemolyticus by ganglioside.
AB  - The hemolytic activity of the thermostable direct hemolysin produced by Vibrio
      parahaemolyticus was inhibited by a ganglioside mixture. The ganglioside
      component which inhibited the hemolysin was not FM1 ganglioside.

PMID- 1193721
TI  - Production of elevated levels of dextransucrase by a mutant of Streptococcus
      mutans.
AB  - A mutant (S19) of Sreptococcus mutans strain 6715 which produces elevated levels
      of dextransucrase (EC 2.4.1.5) was isolated. Soluble enzyme in culture
      supernatant solutions from S19 polymerized the glucosyl moiety of sucrose into
      alcohol-insoluble and water-insoluble glucans at a rate three to six times
      greater than that of the parent strain. Washed-cell suspensions of S19 also
      contained increased amounts of cell-associated enzyme. Adherence of S19 to glass
      in the presence of sucrose occurred at twice the rate of strain 6715. The Km
      values for sucrose and primer dextran were similar for the mutant and parent
      enzymes. Mutant S19 should facilitate studies on the mechanism of adherence of S.
      Mutans and the control of dextransucrase production by this bacterium.

PMID- 1193722
TI  - Mitogenicity of formalinized toxoids of staphylococcal enterotoxin B.
AB  - Staphylococcal enterotoxin B is a potent mitogen for mouse and human lymphocytes.
      Mitogenic activity was retained after detoxification of the enterotoxin by
      formaldehyde at pH 5.0, 7.5, OR 9.5. The most active toxoid (pH 7.5) was
      separated into a monomeric, a dimeric, and a polymeric fraction (1 x 10(5) to 3 x
      10(5) molecular weight) by gel filtration, and although each fraction
      demonstrated mitogenic activity, the polymeric fraction was clearly the most
      efficacious. These data show that mitogenicity of staphylococcal enterotoxin B
      does not depend on toxicity. This suggests that the mitogenic and toxic
      activities are effected by different sites on the molecule.

PMID- 1193723
TI  - In vivo and in vitro stimulation of mouse spleen leukocytes by BL-20803, a low
      molecular-weight interferon inducer.
AB  - BL-20803, a low-molecular-weight compound, although able to elicit circulating
      interferon in the mouse, failed to protect cultured cell lines in vitro from
      infection by interferon-sensitive viruses. Of the tissues analyzed for interferon
      content after oral administration of the drug to mice, spleen and lung contained
      the largest amounts of the virus inhibitor. Spleen cells from such dosed animals
      when isolated into in vitro cultures elaborated small amounts of interferon into
      the culture medium. The time sequence of acquisition by spleen cells of the
      ability to produce interferon closely correlated with the kinetics of development
      of the circulating interferon response in the intact mouse. When spleen cells
      were separated on the basis of adherence or nonadherence to a plastic surface,
      the bulk of the interferon activity was found to be associated with the adherent
      cells. Upon exposure to BL-20803 in cell culture, adherent cells and, to a lesser
      extent, nonadherent cells from untreated mice were stimulated to produce
      interferon-like activity. The biological behavior of BL-20803 is shown to have
      striking similarities with that of the structurally different low-molecular
      weight inducer tilorone hydrochloride.

PMID- 1193724
TI  - Arthritis of mice induced by Mycoplasma pulmonis: humoral antibody and lymphocyte
      responses of CBA mice.
AB  - Peak arthritis occurred 14 days after intravenous injection of Mycoplasma
      pulmonis and persisted in some mice at low levels for 84 days. A marked
      lymphocytosis occurred during the first week of infection  with only a slight
      increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Complement-fixing antibodies appeared
      in low titer 3 days after infection and moderate levels persisted for 84 days.
      The metabolic-inhibiting and mycoplasmacidal antibody responses were absent or
      minimal. M. pulmonis appeared to be mitogenic for mouse lymphocytes as evidenced
      by (i) increased uptake of [3H]thymidine for normal lymphocytes exposed to
      various concentrations of nonviable M. pulmonis antigen, and (ii) a 13-fold
      increase in [3H]thymidine uptake in lymphocytes taken from mice 3 days after
      infection with M. pulmonis in the absence of added antigen. Lymphocytes taken
      from infected mice transformed significantly more at all time periods than
      control lymphocytes when exposed to M. pulmonis antigen. This response was
      maximal at 3 days and minimal at 21 to 35 days after infection. Lymphocytes
      sensitized to M. pulmonis did not transform when exposed to M. arthritidis
      antigen or vice versa. M. pulmonis infection had no effect upon the mitogenic
      responses of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin or lipopolysaccharide. There was
      no statistically significant correlation between persistence of arthritis and
      degree of humor antibody or lymphocyte responses. However, persisting arthritis
      was associated with a higher incidence of mycoplasma isolations.

PMID- 1193725
TI  - Delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to a cell wall fraction of the mycelial
      phase of Coccidioides immitis.
AB  - A skin test-active fraction was isolated from the mycelial-phase cell walls of
      Coccidioides immitis. This alkali-soluble, water-soluble antigen (C-ASWS)
      elicited positive reactions in 22 of 24 (92%) of the Coccidioides-sensitized
      guinea pigs whereas only 14 (54%) of the same guinea pigs reacted to commercial
      coccidioidin (BioCox). None of the 21 Histoplasma-sensitized guinea pigs cross
      reacted with the C-ASWS antigen. Footpad tests in mice actively infected with
      Coccidioides further established the efficacy of the C-ASWS antigen in eliciting
      a delayed-type hypersensitivity response. One-microgram doses of C-ASWS produced
      reactions comparable to 100-mug doses of nondialyzable coccidioidin (Smith's lot
      64 D4). The C-ASWS fractions isolated from three different C. immitis strains
      showed similar reactivity in terms of the number of positive reactions produced
      in Coccidioides-sensitized guinea pigs. However, the induration responses
      (diameter in millimeters) elicited by the C-ASWS fraction of one strain were
      significantly less than those elicited by the C-ASWS fractions of the other two
      C. immitis strains.

PMID- 1193726
TI  - Enhanced resistance to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infections associated
      with reduced serum immunoglobulin levels in levamisole-treated mice.
AB  - The effect of levamisole (1-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole
      monohydrochloride) treatment on the course of a Corynebacterium
      pseudotuberculosis infection and the ability of either vaccinated or unvaccinated
      randomly bred mice to resist challenge were investigated. It was found that
      either a double treatment of levamisole administered with or without a sublethal
      inoculation of C. pseudotuberculosis or a single treatment of levamisole alone
      had a significant effect on the ability of mice to resist challenge with virulent
      C. pseudotuberculosis. This prolonged, enhanced nonspecific and specific
      resistance was associated with a quantitative reduction in the geometric mean
      serum immunoglobulin levels, with the immunoglobulin G2 and immunoglobulin A
      levels being more severely affected. As the enhanced nonspecific resistance to C.
      pseudotuberculosis was associated with depressed serum immunoglobulin levels in
      the mice pretreated with levamisole alone, it was suggested that the cell
      mediated immunity may play a more important role than the humoral immunity in the
      resistance to C. pseudotuberculosis infection.

PMID- 1193727
TI  - Intrauterine infection of mice with St. Louis encephalitis virus: immunological,
      physiological, neurological, and behavioral effects on progeny.
AB  - Intravenous injection of pregnant mice with St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus at
      8 days of gestation resulted in infection of the fetus. Progeny developed no
      antibody or tolerance to SLE virus since the viral antigen was cleared by
      maternal antibody before antibody-forming competence developed in the young.
      Temporary growth retardation was observed in a number of young at 3 weeks of age.
      After the initial setback the growth rate increased, indicating that early
      runting was due to an inability to adjust adequately to extrauterine life, which
      was subsequently overcome. In most other young there were no significant effects
      on growth, reproduction, or life expectancy. A few young died at or shortly after
      birth; in these, neurological changes ranging from gross defects such as
      encephaloceles and hydrocephalus to histological evidence of necrosis and
      congestion were observed. Neurologically related behavioral changes were detected
      by using the open field test and the rotating-rod test, which indicated
      neurological damage and memory impairment in the surviving intrauterinely
      infected animals.

PMID- 1193728
TI  - Analysis of growth rate in sucrose-supplemented cultures of Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - In the presence of sucrose, Streptococcus mutans grows in large glucan-containing
      aggregates. Because of reports of linear rather than exponential growth of
      sucrose-grown cultures, the kinetics of growth of sucrose-grown cultures of S.
      mutans strain OMZ-176 were compared with those of glucose-grown cultures. Culture
      turbidity measurements indicated that growth of sucrose cultures was slower, did
      not follow exponential kinetics, and slowed and stopped at lower absorbance
      values than did glucose-grown cultures. However, measurements of the rates of
      accumulation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein
      using fully equilibrated radioactively labeled precursors of each of these
      macromolecular species in sucrose and glucose-grown cultures showed that: (i) for
      glucose cultures the synthesis of each of the three informational molecules
      occurred at the same exponential rate, which was identical to the rate of
      turbidity increase; (ii) for sucrose cultures each macromolecular species was
      synthesized at the same exponential rate and these rates were identical to the
      rate of increase of turbidity of the glucose-grown culture for periods of up to 7
      h. Furthermore, the ratios of DNA to RNA, RNA to protein, and protein to DNA for
      the sucrose cultures were identical to those for the glucose cultures for up to
      10 doublings. From these data it was concluded that in the presence of sucrose S.
      mutans grows in a balanced fashion at the same exponential rate as it does in
      glucose. The deviation from an exponential growth model of the absorbance in
      sucrose cultures was attributed to an optical artifact due to the formation of
      large glucan-containing aggregates of cells. The addition of dextranase to
      sucrose cultures resulted in cultures which increased in turbidity at the same
      exponential rate as glucose-grown cultures, without affecting the rate or extent
      of macromolecular synthesis.

PMID- 1193729
TI  - Production, purification, and chemical characterization of Staphylococcus aureus
      exfoliative toxin.
AB  - Methods for the production and isolation of exfoliative toxin are described.
      Fermentation conditions were established under which large quantities of the
      crude material can be produced. Column chromatography methods, including
      carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyapatite, were utilized to purify the toxic
      protein. The pure toxin had a molecular weight of 26,000 as determined by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. The pure toxin is a
      simple protein composed of 17 amino acids. Tests for carbohydrate and for alpha-
      and beta-hemolysin were negative. The mean effective dose of the purified toxin
      was 0.5 mug per newborn mouse.

PMID- 1193730
TI  - Induction of resistance with heat-killed compact-type strains of Staphylococcus
      aureus against challenge with the diffuse variant of the Smith strain of
      Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - Active immunization of mice with high doses of heat-killed and autoclaved vaccine
      of unencapsulated strains of Staphylococcus aureus, which was grown in brain
      heart infusion media, protected against challenge with the Smith diffuse strain
      of Staphylococcus aureus. These organisms were capable of absorbing the
      protective antibody in rabbit hyperimmune sera prepared with the Smith diffuse
      strain. Also, mice treated with rabbit hyperimmune sera prepared with these
      strains (four out of six strains) protected against challenge with the Smith
      diffuse strain. Protective activities of these rabbit hyperimmune sera were
      assumed to be essentially identical to the protective antibody induced by the
      Smith diffuse strain.

PMID- 1193731
TI  - Effect of the antitumor antibiotic chromomycin A3 on the humoral immune response
      in rats.
AB  - Chromomycin A3 (250 mug/kg) suppressed the humoral immune response in rats
      against sheep erythrocytes when administered 48 h or later after antigenic
      stimulus. The antibiotic at this dose enhanced immunity when given along with or
      before antigen administration. The natural heterohemagglutinin levels in rabbits
      and guinea pigs were not affected by the antibiotic (10 mug/kg per day x 7).

PMID- 1193732
TI  - Localized immunity in experimental bovine mastitis caused by Mycoplasma dispar.
AB  - Development of immunity to reinfection with Mycoplasma dispar occurred in the
      bovine mammary gland and appeared to be confined to the quarter or quarters
      previously infected with this mycoplasma; it was not generalized throughout the
      gland. Immunity followed the inoculation of virulent strains of M. dispar but not
      of an avirulent strain. The immunity engendered protected against both homologous
      and heterologous strains of M. dispar. Challenge of immune quarters with virulent
      M. dispar resulted in a transient polymorphonuclear cell response greater than
      that observed in previously uninoculated quarters.

PMID- 1193733
TI  - Stimulation of human lymphocytes by a vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis.
AB  - An immune response to Francisella tularensis was demonstrated in man by the
      lymphocyte stimulation test. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from 26
      individuals vaccinated with a viable tularemia vaccine, from 29 unvaccinated
      individuals, and from two patients who had recently undergone tularemia. The
      lymphocytes were incubated in the presence of various dilutions of heat-killed
      bacteria of the vaccine strain. The bacteria induced a deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis in the lymphocytes from 18 of the vaccinated individuals and from the
      two patients which was higher than that in the lymphocytes from any of the
      unvaccinated individuals. The deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis was maximal after
      about 6 days of incubation irrespective of concentration of bacteria. Lymphocytes
      from vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were stimulated by two unrelated
      agents, tuberculin purified protein derivative and pokeweed mitogen. Lymphocytes
      from the vaccinated individuals did not show a higher response to these agents
      than did those of the unvaccinated. This suggests that the lymphocyte response to
      the Francisella bacteria was not due to a nonspecific activation. The vaccine
      induced lymphocyte stimulation did not correlate with serum antibodies
      agglutinating F. tularensis antigen.

PMID- 1193734
TI  - Selective inhibition of cholera toxin- and catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis by
      blocking agents.
AB  - Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin stimulates lipolysis in rat epididymal fat cell
      suspensions. Like hormones this toxin increases adenylate cyclase activity,
      raising levels of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), which activates a
      cellular lipase. Using specific blocking agents, we studied the responses to the
      adrenergic lipolytic hormones epinephrine, norepinephrine, and isoproterenol, and
      to cholera toxin. All stimulators were used at 100 x threshold dose. Propranolol
      (34 muM), a beta blocking agent, inhibited epinephrine stimulation (P less than
      0.001) but not that of toxin (P greater than 0.2). Choleragenoid (25 mug/ml), a
      natural toxoid of cholera toxin, blocked stimulation by toxin (P less than 0.001)
      but not that of the adrenergic agents (P greater than 0.2). A beta blocker,
      practolol (3 mM), inhibited stimulation by the catecholamines tested (P less than
      0.005) but not that of toxin (P greater than 0.05). Higher concentrations of
      propranolol (340 muM) and the alpha blocking agents phenoxybenzamine (3 mM) and
      phentolamine (1.6 mM) inhibited all agonists (P less than 0.001). The response to
      theophylline was inhibited by all blockers (P less than 0.05) except propranolol
      at the lower concentration (34 muM). A combined beta and alpha blockade using
      propranolol and epinephrine together did not inhibit toxin-mediated lipolysis. It
      appears that stimulation by cholera toxin is independent of beta adrenergic
      receptors. A major inhibition of theophylline-mediated lipolysis by alpha
      blocking drugs indicated a nonspecific effect of these agents at the
      concentrations used. The uninhibited response to toxin in the presence of
      propranolol and epinephrine suggests a lack of relationship of the toxin receptor
      to either alpha or beta receptors.

PMID- 1193735
TI  - Endotoxin-binding substances from human leukocytes and platelets.
AB  - We have found whole human platelets, granulocytes, and mononuclear leukocytes to
      possess high affinity for the toxic lipopolysaccharide from all gram-negative
      bacteria tested. We have extracted these cells and platelets with n-butanol
      water; all endotoxin-binding activity resided in the organic phase. These
      endotoxin-binding extracts did not block serologically active groupings on 
      endotoxins or receptors on the erythrocytes. The specificity of these still crude
      materials was less that that of the highly purified erythrocyte
      lipopolysaccharide receptor previously described by us, since they bound some
      bacterial antigens not related to endotoxins. Depending on source, the n-butanol
      extracts contained 40 to 52% glycerophosphatides (most active), 15 to 22%
      sphingomyelin, 17% cholesterol, less than 2 to 5% triglycerides, and 7 to 13%
      inactive peptide. The most active substances in the n-butanol extract were
      soluble in petroleum ether, whereas the peptide and sphingomyelin were not. Thus,
      no constituent protein, carbohydrate, or nucleic acid was present in the most
      highly active material. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the petroleum ether
      soluble material showed for each extract one lipid band only, which was well
      defined and migrated similarly to phosphatidyllipids. Because of the lipidic
      nature of the inhibitory substances from leukocytes and platelets we also tested
      the lipid A component of bacterial endotoxins and some of its derivatives. Lipid
      A inhibited endotoxin coating of erythrocytes. De-O-acylation of lipid A left
      amide-linked 3-D-hydroxymyristic acid intact and increased the inhibitory
      activity of lipid A 20-fold. Complete de-O- and de-N-acylation destroyed its
      inhibitory effect.

PMID- 1193737
TI  - Use of muscle relaxants in pediatric anesthesia.

PMID- 1193736
TI  - Murine model for study of cell-mediated immunity: protection against death from
      fully virulent Francisella tularensis infection.
AB  - To assess cell-mediated immunity in terms of host protection, an experimental
      model was developed in which passively transferred spleen cells from immunized
      AKR/J mice enabled nonimmume syngeneic recipients to survive an otherwise fatal
      infection with fully virulent Francisella tularensis. Donor immunization was
      achieved by administering live attenuted tularemia vaccine and, subsequently, the
      virulent streptomycin-sensitive SCHU S4 strain of F. tularensis. At selected
      intervals after immunization, donor spleen cells were transferred to streptomycin
      treated recipients challenged subcutaneously, intravenously, or intraperitoneally
      with 25 to 50 minimal lethal doses of virulent streptomycin-resistant F.
      tularensis SCHU S5. The protection afforded by immune spleen cells was maximal
      (essentially 100%) 12 days after the SCHU S4 secondary immunization.

PMID- 1193738
TI  - Intraoperative fluid therapy.

PMID- 1193739
TI  - Anesthetic management of the pediatric patient during open-heart surgery.

PMID- 1193740
TI  - Preparation of the renal patient for surgery.

PMID- 1193741
TI  - Regional anesthesia for infants and children.

PMID- 1193742
TI  - Anesthesia and the burned child.

PMID- 1193743
TI  - New directions in pediatric anesthesia.

PMID- 1193744
TI  - The role of radiology in the assessment of the acutely ill neonate.

PMID- 1193745
TI  - The acute care of respiratory problems in the neonate, infant, and child.

PMID- 1193746
TI  - Chemical forms of tritium in reactor-produced fluorine-18.

PMID- 1193747
TI  - Uptake of trace elements in human hair by anion exchange.

PMID- 1193748
TI  - On the possible development of radio-resistance in Sitophilus oryzae (L.)
      following exposures of successive generations to ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1193749
TI  - Hippuran-131I; preparation and purity control.

PMID- 1193750
TI  - Methods for compact cyclotron production of indium-111 for medical use.

PMID- 1193751
TI  - Letter: Tritium hazards connected with the operation of a neutron generator.

PMID- 1193752
TI  - The use of the Cerenkov effect in the counting of beta- and gamma- emitting
      radionuclides.

PMID- 1193753
TI  - [Graphic relations between keV, HVL and depth doses in the skin for soft x-rays
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1193754
TI  - Conversion of water to a counting gas for low-level tritium measurements by means
      of aluminium carbide.

PMID- 1193755
TI  - The analysis of 3H and 14C labelled compounds in the form of doubly labelled
      methane.

PMID- 1193756
TI  - Alpha-Microdosimetry in bone sections by means of dielectric track detectors and
      electronic image analysis.

PMID- 1193758
TI  - The half-life of 77Br.

PMID- 1193757
TI  - The electrodeposition of plutonium at tracer concentrations from a mixed
      NH4C1/NH4I system.

PMID- 1193759
TI  - The half-life of 133Xe and its calibration factor for the 1383A ionization
      chamber.

PMID- 1193760
TI  - Calibration figures for the type 1383A ionization chamber.

PMID- 1193761
TI  - Calibration of the 1383A ionization chamber for 125I.

PMID- 1193762
TI  - The decay scheme of caesium 137.

PMID- 1193763
TI  - Letter: Instability of liquid scintillation counting due to sample sorption to
      the counting vial.

PMID- 1193764
TI  - The energy budget of man: variations with aspect in a downtown urban environment.

PMID- 1193765
TI  - Seasonal waves of asthma: a possible botanical cause.

PMID- 1193766
TI  - Psychological test performance during climatic heat stress from dessert winds.

PMID- 1193767
TI  - Effects of daily and intermittent exposures on heat acclimation of women.

PMID- 1193768
TI  - Analysis of shivering in nonperiheral cooling during pyrogen fever.

PMID- 1193769
TI  - Human reaction time variability changes from low intensity 3-hz and 10-hz
      electric fields: interactions with stimulus pattern, sex and field intensity.

PMID- 1193770
TI  - Air ion action on bacteria.

PMID- 1193771
TI  - The circadian multi-oscillatory system of man.

PMID- 1193772
TI  - A persistent monthly variation in responses of planarians to light, and its
      annual modulation.

PMID- 1193773
TI  - Circadian periodicity of H3-thymidine uptake in the hamster respiratory tract.

PMID- 1193774
TI  - Transference in psychotherapy with schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 1193775
TI  - Symposium: Group therapy with minority group patients. Introduction.

PMID- 1193776
TI  - Influence of bilingualism on communication in groups.

PMID- 1193777
TI  - Transference and culture in a Latino therapy group.

PMID- 1193778
TI  - Group psychotherapy with Greek immigrants.

PMID- 1193779
TI  - Group psychotherapy with Native-American women.

PMID- 1193780
TI  - Relationship problems: the white therapist treating blacks in the south.

PMID- 1193781
TI  - Interaction with the psychotherapeutically sophisticated.

PMID- 1193782
TI  - New ways of getting more real or does the encounter culture herald the end of
      psycho analysis.

PMID- 1193783
TI  - A social club spontaneously formed by ex-patients who had suffered from
      anthropophobia (Taijin kyofu (sho)).

PMID- 1193784
TI  - Current status of rehabilitation of psychiatric patients in India.

PMID- 1193785
TI  - Rehabilitation and mentally ill offenders.

PMID- 1193786
TI  - Superego processes in a collective society: the Israeli kibbutz.
AB  - An attempt has been made to examine some aspects of cultural conformity and
      superego development in the Israeli Kibbutz. The basic premise has been that in a
      collective society, such as the kibbutz, with its multiple child-caretakers, we
      find a superego based on internalized values rather than introjected specific
      figures--a collective superego. The result is a shame- as opposed to a guilt
      oriented conscience, with resulting emphasis on the need for the presence of
      others as controlling forces.

PMID- 1193787
TI  - Children of purgatory: reflections on the concentration camp survival syndrome.

PMID- 1193788
TI  - Problems of a temporary adolescent psychiatrist.
AB  - I have tried to describe just less than one year of learning experience on my
      part in one type of adolescent unit. Only 16 inpatients were treated at a time
      while I was there: there were only 25 discharges and 19 admissions in my time. We
      knew we were making little inroad into our whole regional problem of adolescent
      disturbance; but we believe that as a team, able to work closely with each other
      and with our patients and their relatives, in a therapeutic community of
      undogmatic ideology, we were able to give a little to almost all and, to those
      who did best, a great deal. Very few ex-inpatients lost all touch with us. Nearly
      all came back from scattered homes for our Christmas discotheque. Even our very
      modest aim, to reset and then foster the natural development of the personalities
      of our patients, rather than break them down in deep analysis and radically
      reconstruct them, required an intensity of psychotherapeutic effort which engaged
      all we had to offer, and often drained us at the end of the day. Yet those who
      joined us transiently, particularly student nurses and medical students, seemed
      to find the experience significant--occasionally deeply so--and came back to
      visit us. Our social worker has now departed to have a baby. Our three senior
      nurses have left, two to university as mature students, one to prepare for a no.
      7 post. Possibly the intensity of the demand upon them would have made them
      leave, anyway. For myself, it was a year of development of my psychotherapeutic
      sensitivity and of close working with a valued team of colleagues in a setting
      new to me, which I shall never forget.

PMID- 1193789
TI  - Organized hematoma of the neck simulating carotid body tumor.

PMID- 1193790
TI  - Reestablishing duodenal continuity after previous gastrectomy for peptic ulcer.
AB  - Gastroduodenal anastomosis is not routine during reoperation for stomal ulcers
      after primary Billroth II gastrectomy. It nevertheless is a sure way to prevent
      an increased peptic potential which is brought about by a duodenal bypass. We
      have reviewed the published cases and added three more, bringing the total to 47.
      We analyzed the modalities, indications and results of this method.
      Gastroduodenal anastomosis can be accomplished more often than is thought,
      despite the often necessary large gastric resections. Separation of the
      duodenopancreatic block and liberation of the fundus allows suturing without
      traction. End-to-side anastomosis of the stomach on the anterior wall of the
      second portion of the duodenum avoids dissection of the duodenal stump. Vagotomy
      is required when basal acidity is greater than 20 mEq/liter. Reestablishing a
      physiologic alimentary tract is particularly indicated in chronic obstruction due
      to stenosis associated with a proximal loop syndrome in young patients. Jejunal
      interposition becomes necessary when total gastrectomy is the result of repeated
      surgery. Such a method is the best solution for agastria. The excellent results
      obtained by gastroduodenal anastomosis after repeat gastrectomy should encourage
      wider use.

PMID- 1193791
TI  - Blood coagulation studies in children with surface hemangiomas.
AB  - Thirty patients with surface hemangiomas were investigated for any latent
      coagulopathy. Whole blood clotting time, kaolin cephalin clotting time,
      prothrombin time, thrombin time and platelet counts did not differ significantly
      from the control group values. The values of plasma fibrinogen, euglobulin lysis
      time and serum levels of fibrinogen degradation products remained within the
      normal ranges but their mean values were significantly different from those of
      healthy children. The findings may be attributed to a chronic incipient type of
      "consumption coagulopathy" occurring locally in the hemangiomas.

PMID- 1193792
TI  - Surgery for peptic ulcer.

PMID- 1193793
TI  - Perforated peptic ulcer. Incidence, treatment and mortality.

PMID- 1193794
TI  - Thyroid nodules and thyroid carcinoma.
AB  - Seventy carcinomas of the thyroid gland were found in 1300 thyroidectomies for an
      incidence of 5.4%. The incidence of malignancy in single nodules was 9.7% and in
      multinodular nontoxic goiter 4.3%. The risk of cancer was higher (14.2%) in males
      than in females (4.3%). The highest incidence of cancer was found in children
      under the age of 10 (40%). Radioactive iodine scintiscanning was of limited help
      in differentiating benign from malignant nodules. Early surgery is advised for
      all patients with single thyroid nodules and all thyroid nodules in children
      should be excised.

PMID- 1193795
TI  - Thyroid carcinoma. Correlation between clinical and pathological findings.
AB  - Our survey of 146 cases of thyroid carcinoma showed the following points: (a) in
      20% of the cases the gland was diffusely enlarged without nodules; (b) in 35% of
      34 cases, thyroid carcinoma was located in areas other than the "cold" zones; (c)
      multiple foci of carcinoma were found in 67% of cases with total or subtotal
      thyroidectomy and in 33% of cases with partial thyroidectomy; (d) anaplastic
      carcinomas (13% of cases) occurred in patients of all ages, 29% of them in
      patients younger than 30 years.

PMID- 1193796
TI  - Lymphovenous anastomosis for intractable ascites in cirrhosis of the liver.

PMID- 1193797
TI  - Etiology of venous disorders.
AB  - We have investigated the role played by the bulk and transit time of food in the
      bowel and the squatting position characteristically adopted by Africans and
      Asians for defecation in the causation of venous disorders. Refinement of
      carbohydrates leads to low residue diets and consequent prolonged transit time
      through the intestines. This, together with abandonment of squatting, as the use
      of water closets increased, has contributed to the increase in incidence of
      venous disorders among Westerners.

PMID- 1193798
TI  - Lumbar stenosis.
AB  - We have analyzed the clinical features, radiologic, myelographic and operative
      findings in 11 cases of lumbar stenosis. Adequate decompressive laminectomy is
      necessary in these cases to relieve the symptoms.

PMID- 1193799
TI  - Surgical treatment of 150 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth.
AB  - A series of 150 commando operations performed for squamous cell carcinoma of the
      mouth has been presented. This series is analyzed according to a staging which
      differs from the TNM standard classification of the Joint Committee. Our criteria
      of staging are based on local invasion by the primary lesion more than on the
      size of the lesion alone. The five-year survival for the 50 patients with lesions
      in the anterior part of the mouth was 62%; for the middle mouth group, 48%; and
      for the posterior mouth group, 24%.

PMID- 1193800
TI  - Primary multicentric triple malignancy of the female genital tract.

PMID- 1193801
TI  - Improved method of operative cholangiography.

PMID- 1193802
TI  - Negroid nose.

PMID- 1193803
TI  - Pathogenesis of gastric and duodenal ulcers.

PMID- 1193804
TI  - Recurrent tumoral calcinosis.

PMID- 1193805
TI  - Acute nonpuerperal uterine inversion.

PMID- 1193806
TI  - Ultrastructural description of a "cylinder organelle" in the outer plexiform
      layer of human retinas.
AB  - A cylinder-like organelle ("cylinder organelle") present in the outer plexiform
      layer of the retina and apparently confined to the horizontal cell processess is
      described. This structure was studied in detail in three normal human retinas
      from eyes enucleated for ciliary body melanomas. The cylinder organelle, when cut
      longitudinally, showed an electron-lucent area bound by two bands of electron
      dense filaments. In transverse section, the cylinder organelle revealed a
      circular profile of electron-dense crisscrossing filaments about an electron
      lucent matrix. Since this structure was only found in the rod spherule synaptic
      complex, it is hypothesized that it may be involved in transmitting impulses.

PMID- 1193807
TI  - Crossing axons in the third nerve nucleus.
AB  - The research presented in this paper studied the pathway taken by the crossed
      fibers of the third nerve nucleus in an animal whose nucleus has been well mapped
      and found to correlate well with higher mammals and man. Autoradiography using
      tritiated amino acid labeled the cell bodies an axons of the left side of the
      oculomotor nucleus of the cat. Axons so labeled could be seen emerging from the
      ventral portion of the left nucleus through the median longitudinal fasciculus
      (mlf) to join the left oculomotor nerve. Labeled axons were also seen to emerge
      from the medial border of the caudal left nucleus, cross the midline, and pass
      through the right nucleus and the right mlf to join the right oculomotor nerve.
      These latter axons must be the crossed axons of the superior rectus and levator
      palpebrae subnuclei. Since the path of these crossed axons is through the caudal
      portion of the nucleus of the opposite side, the destruction of one lateral half
      of the oculomotor nucleus would result in a bilateral palsy of the crossed
      subnuclei. Bilateral palsy of the superior rectus and bilateral assymetrical
      palsy of the levator palpebrae muscles would result.

PMID- 1193808
TI  - The effects of acetazolamide on the human electroretinogram.
AB  - The effects of acetazolamied on the cerebral circulation and metabolism was
      previously shown to be due to a raised PCO2 in brain tissue. The effects of the
      drug on the human electroretinogram (ERG) are investigated in fifteen human
      volunteer subjects. A significant increase in the b-wave was found. A similitude
      with the mechanism of acetazolamide administration in brain and retinal tissue
      seems to be a possible explanation.

PMID- 1193809
TI  - Crystals in corneal epithelial lesions of tyrosine-fed rats.
AB  - Tyrosine-fed rats develop corneal disease which mimics that found in the human
      metabolic disorder, tyrosinosis. By electron and polarizing microscopy needle
      shaped birefringent crystals are demonstrable in early corneal epithelial lesions
      of tyronsine-fed rats. The crystals appear as negative images by electron
      microscopy, their content apparently extracted by fixation and/or embedding
      fluids. Crystals may be arranged in sheaves or bundles and pass from one cell to
      another disrupting the continuity of membranes of both cells and nuclei. They are
      present in desquamating epithelial cells along corneal ulcers. Polarizing
      microscopy of whole mounts of diseased tissue shows that the crystals are limited
      to epithelial lesion areas. We hypothesize that the crystals are tyrosine and
      that crystal growth in cells initiates lesion and subsequent ulcer formation.

PMID- 1193810
TI  - Experimental tonography on enucleated human eyes. II. The loss of intraocular
      fluid caused by tonography.
AB  - In clinical work, the loss of intraocular fluid caused by tonography (dV) is
      usually calculated according to the formula of Grant and Friedenwald. The
      validity of this formula has been tested by comparing the dV calculated from
      known factors in the formula with the dV measured directly on enucleated eyes.
      Our results show a good correlation between the two methods, especially when the
      rigidity coefficient at the beginning of tonography is used in the calculations.
      It is concluded from our experiments here and in our previous paper that the
      theoretical foundation of tonography in principle is valid.

PMID- 1193811
TI  - Analysis of ascorbate concentration in the aqueous humor by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - A high-pressure liquid chromatography instrument has been used to establish a
      method for the analyses of ascorbate concentration in aqueous humor. The method
      detects only the reduced form of ascorbate. The values obtained by this method
      are very similar to those of the colorimetric method. The ascorbate value in a
      group of random samples obtained from human glaucoma eyes varied between 3.5 to
      31 mg. per cent, independent to blood ascorbate concentration.

PMID- 1193812
TI  - Electrolyte and acid-base status of aqueous humor in perinatal and adult goats.
AB  - These experiments were undertaken to determine electrolyte concentration and acid
      base status of aqueous humor and arterial plasma H2O in perinatal and adult
      goats. The distribution of potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, and calcium
      between aqueous humor and plasma H2O in fetal, neonatal, and adult goats changed
      independently with age and could not be explained by passive Gibbs-Donnan
      equilibria. Anterior chamber aqueous humor has a reduced pH, PO2, HCO3-, and an
      elevated PCO2 compared to arterial blood in the neonate and adult.

PMID- 1193813
TI  - Aqueous and serum lysozyme values in experimental uveitis in rabbits.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine what happens to normal aqueous
      lysozyme levels during experimentally induced uveitis. Horse-serum-induced
      uveitis increased the average rabbit aqueous lysozyme value (0.9 mug per
      milliliter) to 13.8 mug per milliliter, but did not elevate the average serum
      lysozyme value (4.0 mug per milliliter). These findings suggest that ocular
      inflammation alone is not sufficient to elevate the serum lysozyme level.

PMID- 1193814
TI  - New concept of the anatomy of the anal sphincter mechanism and the physiology of
      defecation. II. Anatomy of the levator ani muscle with special reference to
      puborectalis.
AB  - A study of the surgical anatomy of the levator ani muscles, with special stress
      on the puborectalis, was performed on 22 cadaveric specimens. The study comprised
      dissection and microscopic examination. The levator ani was found to consist of
      two portions only: pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus, the puborectalis being a part
      of the external anal sphincter. Both levatores decussate at the anococcygeal
      raphe, which represents a "decussation line" and not a site of insertion for the
      muscle fibers. A "digastric" pattern of the levator is demonstrated, which is
      responsible for the harmonic nature of the function of the muscle bundles on each
      side of the pelvis. The levator hiatus was found to be formed of the medial
      borders of the pubococcygeus, , and not the puborectalis. A "hiatal ligament" was
      identified, stretched between the edges of the levator hiatus and the intrahiatal
      viscera. The role of the pubococcygeus in anal fixation is discussed, and a new
      concept that the puborectalis does not belong to the levator ani but constitutes
      na integral portion of the external and sphincter. The puborectalis and the deep
      external anal sphincter were found to be fused together and identical from the
      morphologic, histologic, and functional points of view as well as with respect to
      innervation. Both form a single U-shaped loop which is given the name "top loop."

PMID- 1193815
TI  - Neurourologic evaluation after resection of the sacrum.
AB  - Five patients with bilateral, and four patients with unilateral, well defined
      sacral nerve lesions after sacral resection for tumor were examined with a
      clinical evaluation, cystometry, and cystoscopy including a test of vesical and
      urethal sensibility with different stimuli. In patients with bilateral division
      of the sacral nerves below the S 2 level, no active detrusor contractions were
      registered, indicating that the second sacral segment alone cannot subserve the
      micturition reflex. In patients with unilateral division of sacral nerves 1 to 5
      or 2 to 5, a normal micturition reflex was registered. There was a complete loss
      of bladder mucosal pain when sacral nerves 3 to 5 had been cut bilaterally, while
      the sensibility was normal when sacral nerves 4 to 5 had been cut bilaterally. In
      patients with unilateral division of all sacral nerves below L 5 or S 1, mucosal
      pain tested by means of electrcoagulation of the bladder and pin-pricking of the
      urethra could not be felt on the denervated side. Stretching of the detrusor wall
      with a ureteral catheter, however, could be felt on the denervated side,
      indicating that this sensation was not mediated in sacral nerves but probably in
      the hypogastric nerves. Thermesthesia of the mucosa was demonstrated on the
      intact side of the bladder but not on the denervated side when the patients with
      unilateral sacral nerve lesions were tested with jet streams of cold or hot
      saline against the bladder wall.

PMID- 1193816
TI  - Role of the kidney in development of cystitis and other toxic effects of
      cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Cystitis caused by excretion of cyclophosphamide (CY) metabolites in the urine
      was prevented by nephrectomy. There was a concomitant increase of CY lesions in
      brain, eye, and spleen due to the avoidance of urinary losses. Anuria caused by
      extra- or intrarenal obstruction, or by prerenal deviation of water, also
      prevented cystis; these procedures enhanced other CY lesions more than
      nephrectomy did. The data are interpreted to indicate significant production of
      active CY metabolites by the kidneys, a production which is eliminated by
      nephrectomy but not by other procedures.

PMID- 1193817
TI  - Experimental lymphangiography. Experience with direct medium injection into the
      parenchyma of the rat testis and prostate.
AB  - Direct injection of a new hyperemulsified radiopaque medium into the parenchyma
      of the testes produced rapid and excellent visualization of testicular lymphatic
      vessels and nodes. The technique is much simpler than previous methods. No ill
      effects on reproduction were demonstrated. Prostatic injections demonstrated the
      parenchyma well but no nodes or vessels were demonstrated.

PMID- 1193818
TI  - Comparison of polypropylene and polyglycolic acid suture in experimental
      vasovasostomy.
AB  - A preliminary study upon seven dogs comparing vasovasostomy using polypropylene
      suture to vasovasostomy using polyglycolic acid suture was carried out. Five of
      the seven vasa anastomosed with polyglycolic acid sutures were patent wherease
      none of the seven vasa anastomosed with polypropylene sutures were patent. There
      appeared to be less vasal inflammatory reaction where vasovasostomy had been
      accomplished with polyglycolic acid. This study indicates that further
      investigation comparing these and other suture materials in vasovasostomy is
      justified. It also suggests that improved results in vasovasostomy might be
      obtained by the use of polyglycolic acid suture.

PMID- 1193819
TI  - Asymptomatic bacteriuria, bacteremia, and other infections due to NSU
      corynebacteria.
AB  - By means of the new medium, nonspecific urethritis (NSU) chocolate agar, NSU
      corymebacteria were isolated from patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria,
      bacteremia, cervicitis, conjuctivitis, and pericarditis, and also with bone
      marrow, wound, and cul-de-sac infections. The NSU corynebacteria were considered
      the etiologic agents. On the basis of biochemical reactions, antibiotic
      sensitivity, and complement fixation tests some isolates were the same
      microorganisms. Both patients with conjunctivitis were infected with the same NSU
      corynebacteria. A second isolate was cultured from patients with osteomyelitis
      and cervicitis, while a third was recovered from an infected leg wound and from a
      patient with pericarditis. Seven of the isolates, when injected into rabbits
      hypersensitive to four NSU corynebacteria isolated from the inflamed epididymis
      of patients with epididymitis, elicited delayed hypersensitivity reactions, which
      indicated that they also were related antigenically. It is suggested that
      nonspecific urethritis and eididymitis may represent an infection with NSU
      corynebacteria, or may be an extension of bacteriuria due to these
      microorganisms, with a delayed hypersensitivity reaction as a possible additional
      complication. Colony counts on NSU chocolate agar of the bacteria in urines from
      male and female patients were higher than those obtained on conventional agar
      media. NSU chocolate agar is superior to other agar media for the isolation of
      pathogenic and saprophytic bacteria not only from the urogenital tract but also
      from other foci of infection. It is easily prepared from commercial blood agar
      plates and its use should be considered when a selective medium is not required.

PMID- 1193820
TI  - Urecholine test for denervated bladder-.
AB  - In the dog the denervation supersensitivity response of the detrusor appears
      within 7 to 21 days after bilateral pelvic nerve transection. Unilateral
      denervation cannot be detected by the standard Urecholine test.

PMID- 1193821
TI  - Side-to-side right renal artery-vena caval fistula. A new model for experimental
      hypertension.
AB  - A model for the investigation of blood pressure changes resulting from a renal
      arteriovenous (A-V) fistula is presented. After base line blood pressures were
      established in five adult mongrel dogs by carotid loop puncture, an A-V fistula
      was constructed between the right renal artery and vena cava. Weekly blood
      pressure determination showed a rise in systolic and diastolic pressure over
      control values. Split renal vein renins and split function studies were obtained
      at 3 months postfistula. Right nephrectomy at 6 months postfistula resulted in
      return of blood pressure readings to control values. Although no consistent
      pattern in the split renal vein renins and split function studies was seen, the
      data suggest that renin production may be responsible for the rise in systolic
      and diastolic blood pressure.

PMID- 1193822
TI  - Relationship between renal blood flow and ureteral pressure during 18 hours of
      total unilateral uretheral occlusion. Implications for changing sites of
      increased renal resistance.
AB  - Continuous monitoring of ipsilateral renal blood flow and ureteral pressure
      during 18 hr of complete unilateral ureteral occlusion in five awake dogs defined
      the onset of preglomerular vasoconstriction, characteristic of chronic ureteral
      occlusion. There was a triphasic relationship between ipsilateral renal blood
      flow and ureteral pressure during the 18 hr of acute ureteral occlusion: (i) 0 to
      1 1/2 hr, renal blood flow and ureteral pressure rose; (ii) 1 1/2 to 5 hr, renal
      blood flow fell while ureteral pressure continued rising; (iii) 5 to 18 hr, renal
      blood flow and ureteral pressure fell together. These relationships suggest
      different pathophysiologic mechanisms changing renal vascular resistance during
      the first 18 hr of complete ureteral occlusion, with increased preglomerular
      resistance occurring after 5 hr and being dominant in chronic ureteral occlusion.

PMID- 1193823
TI  - Dengue carrier culture and antigen production in human lymphoblastoid lines.
AB  - Replication of dengue type 2 (D2) viruses was studied in four lymphoblastoid cell
      lines; Raji, HR1, EB3 and RPMI 6410. The HR1 cell line failed to support D2
      growth while the other cell lines showed varying susceptibility. Both D2 strain
      16681 and strain New Guinea C (NGC) passaged in LLC-MK2 cells replicated readily
      in Raji cells, while a high mouse-brain-passaged NGC strain did not. A soluble
      complement-fixing (SCF) antigen from D2-infected Raji cells showed lines of
      identity with a D2SCF antigen prepared from infected suckling mouse brains.
      Electron microscopic studies of a D2 Raji carrier culture showed that virions
      were located in a membrane-vesicle complex in the cytoplasm of the cells.
      Precursors of viral particles were more frequently observed in the parts of the
      vesicle which had rough endoplasmic reticular membranes. Mature virus particles
      were observed often at the boundary of the other part of the vesicle, which
      consisted of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Occasionally, a large crystalloid
      structure consisting of incomplete viral particles was seen in degenerative
      cells. Dengue carrier cultures in human lymphoblastoid lines may provide a
      convenient in vitro system for study of aspects of dengue virus-leukocyte
      interactions.

PMID- 1193825
TI  - General problems relating to the law and psychiatric practice.

PMID- 1193824
TI  - Dane particles, DNA polymerase, and e-antigen in two different categories of
      hepatitis B antigen carriers.
AB  - Two different categories of hepatitis B antigen carriers have been investigated.
      One comprises patients treated with dialysis and known to be highly infectious.
      The other consists of blood donors found in routine screenings. Serum specimens
      have been studied with regard to Dane particles. Dane-core-associated DNA
      polymerase activity, and e-antigen. The two groups differed markedly in the
      aspects studied. The five healthy blood donors had no, or very few, detectable
      Dane particles and no detectable DNA polymerase activity; four of the five
      healthy donors had antibodies against e-antigen. The one xickk donor and all six
      dialysis patients had many Dane particles and polymerase activity; five of the
      sick dialysis patients had  e-antigen. Thus, these results further underline the
      difference between the two groups, and e-antigen and DNA polymerase activity
      could represent possible useful parameters for judging infectivity.

PMID- 1193826
TI  - Family violence: a psychiatric perspective.

PMID- 1193827
TI  - Forensic psychiatry services in the community.

PMID- 1193828
TI  - The assessment of the adolescent offender.

PMID- 1193829
TI  - Editorial: Forensic psychiatry.

PMID- 1193830
TI  - Acute neonatal isovaleric acidemia. A report of two cases.
AB  - Two fatal cases of the fulminant type of isovaleric acidemia are described.
      Attention is drawn to the existence of two forms of the disease, the severe
      "Newman" type, occurring in the first week of life and the milder "Tanaka" type,
      with a later onset. The importance of ruling out isovaleric acidemia in any
      newborn infant with acidosis is emphasized.

PMID- 1193831
TI  - Cytogenetic evaluation of 500 Jerusalem newborn infants.
AB  - Cytogenetic investigations were carried out on cord blood lymphocytes of 500
      normal healthy newborns. This population was divided into seven geoethnic groups
      according to the birthplace of the four grandparents of the infant. No numerical
      chromosomal aberrations were observed, but 10% of the individuals manifested
      cytogenetic variants. Six inherited structural abnormalities (four inversions and
      two deletions) were observed, while the remainder were classified as "minor
      variants." The chromosomal variants were randomly distributed among the
      population, and no particular variant was characteristic of a given subgroup.

PMID- 1193832
TI  - The lymphoid bone marrow. An experimental model.
AB  - An experimental model is proposed whereby rat bone marrow is converted to a
      lymphoid-like tissue. A single i.p. injection of hydroxyurea (250 mg/kg body
      weight) destroys replicating marrow cells in DNA synthesis. Bone marrow
      erythroblasts constitute the vast majority of cells in cycle under the steady
      state of hematopoiesis. Six hours following a single injection of hydroxyurea,
      selective damage of erythroblasts is noted. The depleted erythroid compartment
      appears to be replenished by cells of a lymphoid configuration. At 24 hr after
      injection the erythroid compartment is restored to normal activity. It is
      suggested that 6 hr after administration of hydroxyurea, lymphoid cells of rat
      bone marrow may be a source of stem cells for the depleted erythroid compartment.

PMID- 1193833
TI  - Methohexital as an activator in epileptic patients with normal
      electroencephalograms.
AB  - The activation by a short-acting barbiturate, methohexital, of spike and wave
      discharges in epileptic patients with normal EEG tracings was evaluated. Seventy
      five patients and 20 healthy control subjects were studied. Non-specific changes-
      desynchronization, fast sharp activity and diffuse slowing--appeared in all the
      tracings. Only eleven patients had positive activation after methohexital
      administration. The results were not encouraging and indicate that methohexital
      is not reliable as a diagnostic tool in problematic cases of verified or
      suspected epilepsy with normal EEG tracings.

PMID- 1193834
TI  - Clinical cytogenetics in Hawaii--an introduction to chromosome abnormalities.

PMID- 1193835
TI  - Carcinoma of the breast, a pan-organ disease.

PMID- 1193836
TI  - The president's message.

PMID- 1193837
TI  - Inhalation exposures of beagle dogs to cerium aerosols: physical, chemical and
      mathematical analysis.

PMID- 1193838
TI  - Intramuscular retention of UO3 and UO2.

PMID- 1193839
TI  - Fluorine-18 metabolism in the acutely uremic rat.

PMID- 1193840
TI  - The influence of age and sex on the activity ratio of yttrium-90 to strontium-90
      in the rat skeleton after incorporation of strontium-90.

PMID- 1193841
TI  - Fallout from the 15th chinese nuclear test.

PMID- 1193842
TI  - Cesium kinetics data for estimating food consumption rates of trout.

PMID- 1193843
TI  - Development of dosimetry for RF and microwave radiation-I: Dosimetric quantities
      for RF and microwave electromagnetic fields.

PMID- 1193844
TI  - Development of dosimetry for RF and microwave radiation --II: Calculations of
      absorbed dose distributions in two sizes of muscle-equivalent spheres.

PMID- 1193845
TI  - Development of dosimetry for RF and microwave radiation-III: Dose rate
      distribution in tissue spheres due to measured spectra of electromagnetic plane
      wave.

PMID- 1193846
TI  - Diagnostic x-ray survey procedures for fluoroscopic installations-part I:
      Undertable units.

PMID- 1193847
TI  - Letter: Relation of activity measurements to free-air ionization chamber
      measurements.

PMID- 1193848
TI  - Keynote address, symposium on population exposures-"The human environment and
      man's increasing demand for energy".

PMID- 1193849
TI  - Simple photometer for federal x-ray standard light localizer compliance testing.

PMID- 1193850
TI  - Examples of internal contamination by tritium-thymidine having short half-lives.

PMID- 1193852
TI  - Dose rates to a bystander from an artificial heart power source.

PMID- 1193851
TI  - 14C intakes during non-routine operations at Pickering Generating Station.

PMID- 1193853
TI  - Letter.

PMID- 1193854
TI  - Letter: Environmental dose commitment.

PMID- 1193855
TI  - Letter: Natural radioactivity in ilmenite aggregates.

PMID- 1193856
TI  - Letter: Federal Radiation Protection Agency.

PMID- 1193857
TI  - Effect of stable scandium on the long-term whole body retention of intravenously
      administered 46Sc citrate in the rat.

PMID- 1193858
TI  - Gonadic function in workmen with long-term exposure to microwaves.

PMID- 1193859
TI  - Eliminations of pituitary gonadotropic hormones in men with protracted
      irradiation during occupational exposure.

PMID- 1193860
TI  - Incineration of animal radioactive waste: a comparative cost analysis.

PMID- 1193862
TI  - Saturation characteristics of ionization chambers at low pressures.

PMID- 1193861
TI  - MPC calculation for the radionuclides produced during accelerator operation.

PMID- 1193863
TI  - Two californium-252 inhalation cases.

PMID- 1193864
TI  - Release of radioactivity from a scandium tritide electron capture detector used
      in gas chromatography.

PMID- 1193866
TI  - Radiation protection consideration in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.

PMID- 1193865
TI  - Study on the elimination of tritium in mice injected with tritiated water.

PMID- 1193867
TI  - An experimental method of estimating the depth of 241Am deposited in the chest.

PMID- 1193868
TI  - Comparison of thorium gamma spectra in smokers and nonsmokers.

PMID- 1193869
TI  - Luminescence dosimetry using sodium fluoride single crystals.

PMID- 1193870
TI  - Two approaches to determining 239Pu and 241Am levels in phoswich spectra.

PMID- 1193871
TI  - A simple approach to calculating gamma ray SKYSHINE for reduced shielding
      applications.

PMID- 1193872
TI  - An investigation of the plutonium content in fission product 99Mo-99mTc
      generators.

PMID- 1193873
TI  - A nuclear power plant radiation monitoring system.

PMID- 1193874
TI  - Letter: Comments on the paper: "Use of rivers to predict accumulation in sediment
      of radionuclides discharged from nuclear power plants" by P. Plato.

PMID- 1193875
TI  - Letter: Health hazards from microwave exposure.

PMID- 1193876
TI  - The subcellular distribution of 239Pu in rat liver parenchymal cells after
      exposure in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 1193877
TI  - The determination of 210Po in urine.

PMID- 1193878
TI  - The deposition model of the Task Group on Lung Dynamics: a comparison with recent
      experimental data.

PMID- 1193879
TI  - Occupational radiation exposure due to 222Rn in natural gas and natural gas
      products.

PMID- 1193880
TI  - 137Cs and 40K in the flesh of Pacific albacore, 1964-1974.

PMID- 1193881
TI  - Uptake of technetium from seawater by red abalone Haliotis rufescens.

PMID- 1193882
TI  - Dynamic shape factors for PuO2 aerosols useful in autoradiographic particle size
      analysis.

PMID- 1193883
TI  - Long-term measurements of 222Rn, 220Rn, 214Pb and 212Pb concentrations in the air
      of private and public buildings and their dependence on meteorological
      parameters.

PMID- 1193884
TI  - Sizes of population needed to detect an increase in disease risk when the levels
      of risk in the exposed and the controls are specified: examples from cancer
      induced by ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1193885
TI  - Radiation protection concepts: proposal for a new criterion.

PMID- 1193886
TI  - Improvements in the use of ceramic BeO for TLD.

PMID- 1193887
TI  - Direct measurement of beta dose rates in tissue at protection levels.

PMID- 1193888
TI  - Fractional radon retention in bone.

PMID- 1193889
TI  - Plugged haversian canals and skeletal dose in radium cases.

PMID- 1193890
TI  - A stationary neutron monitor for criticality accidents.

PMID- 1193891
TI  - Inexpensive, convenient xenon disposal.

PMID- 1193892
TI  - Ca-DTPA toxicity in the mouse fetus.

PMID- 1193893
TI  - Corrections for self absorption in alpha souces.

PMID- 1193894
TI  - New system to realize a reliable thermal contact in TLD-system.

PMID- 1193895
TI  - Low-dose measurements with the Victoreen 2800 TLD system.

PMID- 1193896
TI  - A possible mechanism in bronchopulmonary lavage.

PMID- 1193897
TI  - Estimated W-values for negative pions in nitrogen and argon.

PMID- 1193898
TI  - Strontium-90 in human bone in Norway 1973.

PMID- 1193899
TI  - Retention and penetration characteristics of a glass fiber filter for 212Pb
      aggregate recoil particles.

PMID- 1193900
TI  - Distribution of 239Pu in male CBA mice after intravenous and intraperitoneal
      injection.

PMID- 1193901
TI  - The health physicist and nuclear power plant design.

PMID- 1193902
TI  - An improved receptacle for radioactive waste.

PMID- 1193903
TI  - The implementation of a nationwide program on health and safety of medical x
      rays.

PMID- 1193904
TI  - Removal of inhaled 239PuO2 from beagle dogs by pulmonary lavage.

PMID- 1193905
TI  - A simplified expression for the contributions of radioactive daughters to the
      effective decay energies of chains.

PMID- 1193906
TI  - DTPA therapy of 241Am from a simulated wound site.

PMID- 1193907
TI  - Letter: Comment on attenuation of 14-MeV neutrons through concrete shields.

PMID- 1193908
TI  - Letter: Need for standards for natural airborne radioactivity (radon and
      daughters) concentrations in modern buildings.

PMID- 1193909
TI  - Problems in the evaluation of training health personnel.
AB  - The place of evaluation in the several phases of training programs is presented
      as an on-going education process. The framework specifies the sources and methods
      of data collection on: (1) the improvement in trainee performance; (2) the
      relevance of the program to the community; (3) the involvement of appropriate
      groups in planning; (4) the planning process itself; (5) the utilization and
      diffusion of evaluative feedback; and (6) the consequences of the training
      activity for the sponsoring organization and consumer.

PMID- 1193910
TI  - The impact of training on consumer participation in the delivery of health
      services.
AB  - A retrospective evaluation of training provided to six hospital consumer advisory
      groups is described. The training program was designed to provide information and
      decision-making skills to consumers of services and community representatives
      serving on voluntary hospital advisory boards. The evaluation, initiated after
      the end of the training program, demonstrates different effects of training
      depending on the stage of development of the consumer board. All but one of the
      six boards studied showed positive changes in the number and type of activities
      following training.

PMID- 1193911
TI  - A perspective on non-traditional academic programs in the health sciences.
AB  - In the 1970s, non-traditional academic programs began to gain impetus, aided by
      studies and recommendations by such groups as the Carnegie Commission on Higher
      Education and the Commission on Non-Traditional study. Schools of public health
      have taken the lead in implementing non-traditional, off-campus programs which
      are relevant to personnel in health service agencies. Reported in this monograph
      are three programs representing alternative approaches to off-campus public
      health programs. As our data base increases and new programs are reported, we may
      see rapid growth in non-traditional programs, resulting in significant changes in
      academic programs preparing public health practitioners.

PMID- 1193912
TI  - Development of an extended MPH degree program in the Western states.

PMID- 1193913
TI  - The Johns Hopkins extended MPH program in Washington D.C.

PMID- 1193914
TI  - The OJ/OC program: a non-resident MPH program in medical care administration.

PMID- 1193915
TI  - [38th Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Unfallheilkunde,
      Versicherungs-, Versorgungs- und Verkehrsmedizin e.V. November 21-23, 1974,
      Berlin].

PMID- 1193916
TI  - [Composite osteosynthesis and alloplastic joint prosthesis in fractures in old
      age].

PMID- 1193917
TI  - [Results of composite osteosynthesis in pertrochanteric fractures].

PMID- 1193918
TI  - [Treatment of extensive bone damage in old age].

PMID- 1193919
TI  - [Special indications for the management of fractures in old age].

PMID- 1193920
TI  - [Modified procedure for composite osteosynthesis in the treatment of femoral neck
      fractures in old age: biomechanical principles, experimental studies and clinical
      experiences].

PMID- 1193921
TI  - [Composite osteosynthesis of the thigh in old age].

PMID- 1193922
TI  - [Primary total endoprosthesis of the hip joint following femoral neck fracture].

PMID- 1193923
TI  - [Is femur head resection following post-traumatic conditions in older patients
      still justified].

PMID- 1193924
TI  - [Roentgenologically demonstrated delayed complications in femur neck
      endoprostheses following femur neck fractures and femur head necrosis and their
      treatment possibilities].

PMID- 1193925
TI  - [Effect of a degenerative precondition on spinal injuries involving soft tissue].

PMID- 1193926
TI  - [Consideration of age-dependent structural changes in vertebral fracture
      treatment].

PMID- 1193927
TI  - [Paraplegia in old age].

PMID- 1193928
TI  - [Severe hand injuries in old age].

PMID- 1193929
TI  - [Management of osteomyelitis in old age].

PMID- 1193930
TI  - [Discussion on fractures in the aged].

PMID- 1193931
TI  - [Anesthesia problems in old age].

PMID- 1193932
TI  - [Joint changes due to age as a basis for therapy].

PMID- 1193933
TI  - [Hazards to the heart and circulation].

PMID- 1193934
TI  - [General postoperative complications and their therapy].

PMID- 1193935
TI  - [Causes of death in femoral fractures close to the hip joint in old age].

PMID- 1193936
TI  - [Special postoperative complications and their therapy].

PMID- 1193937
TI  - [Complications and problems in multiple-injured old patients].

PMID- 1193938
TI  - [Discussion on postoperative complications in old age].

PMID- 1193939
TI  - [Physiopathological principles of thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1193940
TI  - [Determination of intrapulmonary right-left shunt in thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1193941
TI  - [Injuries of the thoracic wall and diaphragm].

PMID- 1193942
TI  - [A simple surgical method for the treatment of extensive thoracic wall injuries].

PMID- 1193943
TI  - [Early recognition of accident-induced respiratory complications in the aged].

PMID- 1193944
TI  - [Indication and time for osteosynthesis in severe thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1193945
TI  - [Diaphragmatic ruptures due to blunt trauma].

PMID- 1193946
TI  - [Stabilization of serial rib fractures using perforated plates of the general
      orthopedics small fragment instrumentation--preliminary clinical experiences].

PMID- 1193947
TI  - [Thoracic compression in childhood].

PMID- 1193949
TI  - [Injuries of the lung and bronchi].

PMID- 1193948
TI  - [Diagnosis, diagnostic errors and complications in traumatic rupture of the
      diaphragm].

PMID- 1193950
TI  - [Experiences with blunt lung injuries].

PMID- 1193951
TI  - [Iatrogenic pneumothorax].

PMID- 1193952
TI  - [Therapy of respiratory disorder in severe thoracic injury].

PMID- 1193953
TI  - [Pulmonary function test in blunt thoracic injuries using nuclear medicine
      methods].

PMID- 1193954
TI  - [Special problems of postoperative pulmonary embolism following osteosynthesis in
      the aged].

PMID- 1193955
TI  - [Injuries of the heart].

PMID- 1193956
TI  - [Clinical significance of heart contusion in blunt thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1193957
TI  - [Aortic rupture in pedestrian accident].

PMID- 1193958
TI  - [Life-threatening intrathoracic injuries due to indirect force (deceleration
      injury)].

PMID- 1193959
TI  - [Clinical aspects of gunshot wounds with special reference to thoracic and
      abdominal wounds].

PMID- 1193960
TI  - [Treatment of gunshot wounds in the thoracic area].

PMID- 1193961
TI  - [Post-traumatic functional disorders: heart and vessels].

PMID- 1193962
TI  - [Hazards due to metabolic disorders. (Kidney, diabetes, liver)].

PMID- 1193963
TI  - [Post-traumatic function test: Lung and thoracic wall].

PMID- 1193964
TI  - [Significance of thoracic injuries in multiple-injured patients].

PMID- 1193965
TI  - [Discussion on thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1193966
TI  - [General legal problems concerning insurance in the evaluation of pre-existing
      conditions].

PMID- 1193967
TI  - [Evaluation of joint injuries with pre-existing joint lesions].

PMID- 1193968
TI  - [Significance of injuries to hip joints changed due to prearthrosis and
      arthrosis].

PMID- 1193969
TI  - [Expert testimony in cases of severe, local necroses following i.m. injection
      into the buttocks].

PMID- 1193970
TI  - [Recurrent fractures: condition following osteosynthesis and fractures that had
      not healed].

PMID- 1193971
TI  - [Differentiation of ligament and muscle injuries].

PMID- 1193972
TI  - [Value of contrast media diagnosis in the evaluation of distortions of
      degeneratively altered cerebral spines].

PMID- 1193973
TI  - [Evaluation of pre-existing conditions in expert testimony of accident injuries,
      changes during the last 15-20 years].

PMID- 1193974
TI  - [Participation of pre-existing conditions in disability classification. Problem
      of higher classification].

PMID- 1193975
TI  - [Can pre-existing conditions lead to diagnostic errors?].

PMID- 1193976
TI  - [Differentiation of respiratory function disorders].

PMID- 1193977
TI  - [Differentiation of cardiac and circulatory disorders not related to injury].

PMID- 1193978
TI  - [Neurological problems].

PMID- 1193979
TI  - [Discussion on expert testimony concerning injuries].

PMID- 1193980
TI  - [Morphology and causes of spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture].

PMID- 1193981
TI  - [Achilles tendon ruptures following direct cortisone injection].

PMID- 1193982
TI  - [Acute rupture of the Achilles tendon, diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1193983
TI  - [Etiology and therapy of Achilles tendon ruptures].

PMID- 1193984
TI  - [Neglected Achilles tendon rupture: Delayed treatment--plastic procedures].

PMID- 1193985
TI  - [Achilles tendon rupture--osseous avulsious and combined trauma].

PMID- 1193986
TI  - [Unrecognized or late operated on subcutaneous Achilles tendon rupture].

PMID- 1193987
TI  - [Heterotopic bone formation within the Achilles tendon].

PMID- 1193988
TI  - [Surgical treatment possibilities of neglected Achilles tendon injuries].

PMID- 1193989
TI  - [Turn-over plasty as therapy for old and fresh Achilles tendon rupture].

PMID- 1193990
TI  - [Discussion on accidents in the aged].

PMID- 1193991
TI  - [New aspects in the etiology of Achilles tendon rupture based on experimental
      studies].

PMID- 1193992
TI  - [Calcaneal fractures: conservative treatment].

PMID- 1193993
TI  - [Surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1193994
TI  - [Calcaneal resections of post-traumatically infected calcanei].

PMID- 1193995
TI  - [Talus fractures].

PMID- 1193996
TI  - [Indication and technic of arthrodesis of the transverse tarsal joint].

PMID- 1193997
TI  - [Fractures in old age. Introduction].

PMID- 1193998
TI  - [Therapy and prognosis in absolute contraindication for surgical procedures].

PMID- 1193999
TI  - [Orthopedic and technical measures as curative and auxiliary methods in traumatic
      injuries of the calcaneus and the Achilles tendon].

PMID- 1194000
TI  - [Results of conservative and operative treatment of calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1194001
TI  - [Treatment of post-traumatic arthroses of the transverse tarsal joint using
      arthrodesis].

PMID- 1194002
TI  - [Development and treatment possibilities of post-traumatic arthrosis following
      talacalcaneal injuries].

PMID- 1194003
TI  - [Arch supports and orthopedic shoes following calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1194004
TI  - [Delayed complications following calcaneal injuries].

PMID- 1194005
TI  - [Development and therapy of post-traumatic arthrosis following metatarsal
      fracture].

PMID- 1194006
TI  - [Discussion on Achilles tendon injuries and calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1194007
TI  - [The aged as a traffic participant--his exposure to hazards, his needs].

PMID- 1194008
TI  - [Emergency indication or delayed urgency].

PMID- 1194009
TI  - [The aged in traffic. Industrial and socio-medical aspects].

PMID- 1194010
TI  - [Visual performance and traffic safety].

PMID- 1194011
TI  - [Hearing and balance capacity and traffic safety].

PMID- 1194012
TI  - [Senile diabetes in traffic].

PMID- 1194013
TI  - [Alcohol-dependent performance decrease in relationship to age].

PMID- 1194014
TI  - [Head injury in the aged].

PMID- 1194015
TI  - [Delayed sequelae following cerebral injuries in old age].

PMID- 1194016
TI  - [Treatment of ankle-joint fractures in the aged].

PMID- 1194017
TI  - [Adaptation of the femur to mechanical stress in juveniles and in the aged].

PMID- 1194018
TI  - [Epidemiology and biomechanics of pedestrian accidents in old age].

PMID- 1194019
TI  - [Seat-belt injuries in the aged due to simulated frontal impact].

PMID- 1194020
TI  - [Treatment of patella fractures in the aged].

PMID- 1194021
TI  - [Metal allergies and their significance in accident medicine--clinical aspects of
      the most important manifestations including asthma from the dermatological,
      internal medicine and surgical viewpoints].

PMID- 1194023
TI  - [Principles of laser application in medicine].

PMID- 1194022
TI  - [Occupational skin diseases in surgeons].

PMID- 1194024
TI  - [Occupationally and therapeutically induced injuries through laser beams.
      Histological and cytophotometric studies].

PMID- 1194025
TI  - [Fractures near joints].

PMID- 1194026
TI  - [Laser and the eye--occupational protection for physicians].

PMID- 1194027
TI  - [Experiences with lasers in animal studies].

PMID- 1194028
TI  - [Andrological evaluation following accident injuries].

PMID- 1194029
TI  - [Significance of skin testing in allergic occupational asthma].

PMID- 1194030
TI  - [Significance of the inhalation provocation test for the diagnosis of
      occupational allergic bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1194031
TI  - [Occupational asthma and unspecific hyperreaction of the bronchial system].

PMID- 1194032
TI  - [Prognosis of hyposensitization therapy in exogenic allergic occupational
      asthma].

PMID- 1194033
TI  - [Current status of deliberations in industrical preventive medicine concerning
      occupational bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1194034
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the subcapital humerus fracture in old age as an
      exceptional indication].

PMID- 1194035
TI  - [Treatment of humeral head fractures including subcapital humeral fractures in
      the aged].

PMID- 1194036
TI  - [Accidents in advanced age with reference to traffic accidents].

PMID- 1194037
TI  - [Therapy of the over-extension fracture of the distal radius].

PMID- 1194038
TI  - [Does the hip-proximal fracture in old age justify the demand for absolute
      surgery indication? Comparative management statistics of surgical and
      conservative therapy spanning 20 years].

PMID- 1194039
TI  - [Treatment of per- and subtrochanteric fractures in old age using elastic nails].

PMID- 1194040
TI  - [Treatment of pertrochanteric fractures using Kuntscher's trochanteric nail].

PMID- 1194041
TI  - [Treatment of pertrochanteric fractures using the ascending Kuntscher's nail].

PMID- 1194042
TI  - [Percutaneous trochanteric osteotomy and condylar nailing using Ender's and Simon
      Weidner's method in pertrochanteric fractures].

PMID- 1194043
TI  - [Treatment of pertrochanteric fractures using Pohl's track bolt, report of 800
      cases].

PMID- 1194044
TI  - [Late results in the management of pertrochanteric fractures using the trochanter
      nail].

PMID- 1194045
TI  - [Pertrochanteric fracture in the aged].

PMID- 1194046
TI  - [Accidents and the aged: shaft fractures].

PMID- 1194047
TI  - [Management problems in femoral shaft fractures distal to angular plates and
      prostheses].

PMID- 1194048
TI  - [Experimental studies on relevant stability values for pressure osteosyntheses of
      tubular bones and their changes in old age].

PMID- 1194049
TI  - [Intramedullary nailing in the aged].

PMID- 1194050
TI  - Biosynthesis of cytochalasans. Part 4. The mode of incorporation of common
      naturally-occurring carboxylic acids into cytochalasin D1.

PMID- 1194051
TI  - [Synthesis and absolute configuration of the enantiomers of verapamil (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1194052
TI  - [Carotenoid composition in safran (author's transl)].

PMID- 1194053
TI  - A 13C-NMR. Study of cis-trans isomeric vitamins A, carotenoids and related
      compounds.

PMID- 1194054
TI  - [New beta-lactam antibiotics. Functionalisation of the cephem 3-position with
      sulfur or nitrogen bearing substituents (author's transl)].

PMID- 1194055
TI  - [New beta-lactam antibiotics. Cephem derivatives with electron withdrawing
      substituents at position 3 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1194056
TI  - New beta-lactam-antibiotics. Fluorinated cephalosporins.

PMID- 1194057
TI  - [A sterospecific, light- and acid catalyzed allylic rearrangement; synthesis of
      paliclavine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1194058
TI  - [The role of paliclavine in the biosynthesis of ergot alkaloids (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1194059
TI  - Biosynthesis of cytochalasans. Part 5. The incorporation of deoxaphomin into
      cytochalasin B (phomin).

PMID- 1194060
TI  - A new synthesis of beta-lactams.

PMID- 1194061
TI  - Photochemical reactions. IV (1). Irradiation of 17 beta-acetoxy-4-aza-androst-5
      en-3-one with UV.-light.

PMID- 1194062
TI  - Photochemical reactions. V (1). Photo-oxidation of 17 beta-acetoxy-4-aza-androst
      5-en-3-one.

PMID- 1194063
TI  - [Pterobiline and neopterobilines, reactivity and structures (author's transl)].

PMID- 1194064
TI  - Where is molecular biology going?

PMID- 1194065
TI  - Studies on certified and suspected HeLa cells. Preliminary report.

PMID- 1194066
TI  - Cytological and biochemical studies in back-crosses between the hybrid Atlantic
      salmon X sea trout and its parental species.

PMID- 1194067
TI  - Population studies in northern Sweden. VII. Serum transferrin variants as markers
      of Finnish admixture.

PMID- 1194068
TI  - The placental alkaline phosphatase variant D and natural selection. Relationship
      to complications of pregnancy and to "the Regan isoenzyme".

PMID- 1194069
TI  - [Cellular surfaces. New results in normal and malignant cells].

PMID- 1194070
TI  - [Biochemistry of the fat digestion].

PMID- 1194071
TI  - [Psoriasis today].

PMID- 1194072
TI  - [Is there a climacterium virile].

PMID- 1194073
TI  - [Tissue-compatible materials in the orthopedic surgery with special regard to
      polymers].

PMID- 1194074
TI  - [Status of psychiatry].

PMID- 1194075
TI  - [Recessive sex-bound inherited oligophrenia].

PMID- 1194076
TI  - [Teratogenic effect of tranquilizing agents].

PMID- 1194077
TI  - [Hypospadias-dysphagia syndrome (G syndrome)].

PMID- 1194078
TI  - [Smith-Lemli-Opitz-syndrome (RSH-syndrome)].

PMID- 1194079
TI  - [Abnormalities syndrome in deletion of the short arm of chromosome 9].

PMID- 1194080
TI  - [Respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 1194082
TI  - [Eosinophilia in allergy].

PMID- 1194081
TI  - [New viewpoints in the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of hydronephrosis].

PMID- 1194083
TI  - [Immunochemistry in atopy].

PMID- 1194084
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cryoglobulinemia].

PMID- 1194085
TI  - Alkali burns of the rabbit cornea. I. A histochemical study of beta
      glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase.
AB  - In alkali burned rabbit corneas activities of beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-D
      glucosaminidase and acid beta-galactosidase were studied histochemically in
      various time intervals after the traumatization. The technic with semipermeable
      membranes was employed. Within four days after the injury enzyme activities in
      the traumatized area were almost lacking. The corresponding activities in the
      unaffected part of the cornea were within the norm. On the 7th day enzyme
      activities were on an increase (but still subnormal) in the traumatized area.
      This area was surrounded by a zone of keratocytes with high levels of enzyme
      activities. This was particularly remarkable in keratocytes subjacent to the
      epithelium. The activation of all enzymes studied was present in the basal layer
      of the epithelium and in the endothelium as well. On the 14th day enzyme
      activities in the traumatized area were nearly restored and on the 32nd day they
      could not be distinguished from the normal cornea. Beta-galactosidase displayed a
      relatively maximal increase in the activity of all enzymes investigated.

PMID- 1194086
TI  - Microfluorometric measurement at low temperature.
AB  - A cooling chamber for microfluorometric measurement is described, which allows to
      cool under a microscope a biological sample till 77 K and to measure it with an
      objective of a numerical aperture 0.6. From first experiments with BAO (5)
      stained Tradescantia pollen it can be concluded, that experiments in this range
      of temperature open new aspects regarding the interpretation of microfluorometric
      phenomena.

PMID- 1194087
TI  - A fluorescent water soluable carbodiimide-2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydrozide
      reaction for the demonstration of carboxyl groups in proteins and mucosubstances.
AB  - The carbodiimide-2-hydroxy-3-haphthoic acid hydrazide reaction as developed by
      Geyer (1964) was used without subsequent diazonium coupling as a fluorescent
      method for the demonstration of carboxyl groups in both proteins and
      mucosubstances. The topological distribution of the fluorophore was similar to
      that reported by Geyer. Quantitative microfluorometric studies on cartilage
      sections revealed differences in detail between emissions in cartilage matrix
      mucoprotein as compared to the dense connective tissue associated with the
      perichondrium which consists principally of protein. It would also appear that
      the primary fluorescent emission of unstained preparations at 450 mm should be
      useful in microfluorometric determinations of proteins.

PMID- 1194089
TI  - [Must therapy be continued at all costs (author's transl)].
AB  - In acknowledging the remarkable progress of medicine, the possible consequential
      harmful effects should not be overlooked. Judgement should be based on the total
      welfare of the patient and not on the ease with which technical procedures can be
      executed. The prolongation of life per se by any means is not the only principal
      of conduct, especially when it results in extension of the patient's misery. In
      some situations it may be necessary to renounce any form of treatment from the
      beginning or to abandon any already in progress. This apparent harshness however
      does not imply that the terminally ill must be abandoned in his suffering.

PMID- 1194088
TI  - Cytochemistry of the differentiating flight muscles of the desert locust
      Schistocerca gregaria.
AB  - Cytochemical changes in the metathoracic dorsal longitudinal flight muscle of the
      female desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, during its differentiation from the
      last day of the fourth larval instar, through the fifth larval instar up to the
      eighth day after the imaginal moult were examined with respect to: (1) DNA
      content, (2) transcriptional activity, (3) degree of chromatin condensation, (4)
      RNA content, (5) protein content and (6) cross-secetional fibre area.
      Microspectrophotometric analysis of Feulgen-stained nuclei shows that
      polyploidization is not a phenomenon associated with the differentiation of these
      muscles. The nuclei remain diploid throughout the developmental period. By
      "staining" with 3H-Actinomycin D, followed by autoradiography, the changes in
      transcriptional activity coincedent with flight muscle development were examined.
      At the beginning of the developmental period the transcriptional activity is
      relatively high and remains so up until about the middle of the fifth instar
      after which time it declines fairly steadily. These changes in transcriptional
      activity are accompanied by changes in the degree of chromatin condensation.
      Generally, the periods of high transcriptional activity exhibit less condensation
      of the chromatin. The originally high transcriptional activity is accompanied by
      a steady over-all increase in total RNA content during the developmental period;
      and in turn a large increase in total protein content. The cross-sectional area
      of the muscle fibres increases significantly during the growth and
      differentiation of the flight muscles.

PMID- 1194090
TI  - [Successful decompression of the facial nerve in facial spasm (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of successful surgical treatment of facial spasm by seventh nerve
      decompression is reported in a female patient who failed to improve by usual
      methods of treatment. Prior to surgery, tomography of the facial canal was
      obtained, and revealed an osseous spine involving the posterior wall of the
      canal. During surgery, this spine was uncovered and removed with pneumatized
      retrofacial air cells. The patient's spasm disappeared completely following
      surgery. The present case indicates that the possibility of osseous spines
      impinging on the facial nerve should be considered in all cases of facial spasm.

PMID- 1194091
TI  - [Acute obstructive laryngitis in children (author's transl)].
AB  - Three types of acute obstructive laryngitis in children are distinguished: 1.
      Acute supraglottic laryngitis (Epiglottitis acuta): The usual causative organism
      is Hemophilus influenzae, type B. Characteristic findings include a swollen red
      epiglottis. Treatment is based on Ampicillin, Solucortef (hydrocortisone-sodium
      succinate) i.m., air humidification, intravenous infusions and airway protection
      (tracheotomy or intubation). From 1958-1967, 68 children were treated, of whom
      boys were twice as commonly affected as girls. In about 80% of cases, tracheotomy
      was still found necessary. 2. Acute subglottic laryngitis: Mucosal swelling in
      the subglottic space causes a clinical picture which initially is common to
      several groups of deseases. In allergic subglottic edema, a pale "pillow-shaped"
      swelling occurs which responds favorably to antiallergenics and cortisone. In
      contrast, infectious swelling is partially caused by the infiltration of
      inflammatory cells. Parainfluenzae virus was isolated in 60% of these cases at
      our hospital. During the period studied, 2,741 cases were treated, of whom boys
      were 3.3 times more frequently affected than girls. The use of Solu-cortef i.m.
      has decreased the tracheotomy rate from 12% to 0. 3. Acute
      laryngotracheobronchitis: In this disease process, the initial infection is
      attributed to a virus, with the infected mucosa secondarily invaded by bacteria.
      The clinical course is prolonged when compared to subglottic laryngitis, and the
      general condition seriously affected. Both expiratory and inspiratory stridors
      occur. Tracheotomy is usually required, with viscous crusts removed by
      bronchoscopy. Respirator treatment is also often required. Fourteen children have
      been treated, of whom two have died.

PMID- 1194092
TI  - [Medio-legal problems in mishaps during anesthesia. Round table discussion at the
      occasion of the 45th annual meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Hals-Nasen
      Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals Chirurgie 26-30, 1974 in Bad Reichenhall].

PMID- 1194093
TI  - [25 years experience with glottis widening surgery in our clinic (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Between 1949 and 1974, 137 patients with bilateral vocal cord paralyses were
      operated upon in our Department. In 127 cases King's method of extralaryngeal
      lateral fixation of the vocal cord or a modification thereof was executed on one
      or both sides. The modification consisted of securing the lateral-fixating suture
      around the superior thyroid cornu. This produces an additional displacement of
      the vocal cord in the vertical plane which provides good respiratory function in
      spite of only moderate lateral displacement of the cord. In seven cases
      endolaryngeal arytaenoidectomies and submucus hemicordectomies using
      Kleinsassers' technique were performed. In three cases endo- and extralaryngeal
      methods were combined. 120 (87.6%) of all patients could be decannulated. After
      unilateral extralaryngeal lateral cord fixation, 77.2% of patients could be
      decannulated within three weeks following operation. Operative results were
      analysed according to respiratory and vocal function two years postoperatively.
      After unilateral lateral cord fixation, breathing was good or sufficient in 73.6%
      of cases and insufficient in 26.4% of cases. The voice was normal or dysphonic in
      86% of cases while aphonic in 14% of cases. Among the causes of bilateral vocal
      cord paralysis, primary strumectomies and operations for recurrent goiter were
      predominant (95%). All patients were tracheotomized before or after the
      operation. Two years postoperatively, incidental tracheal stenosis was noted in
      73% of all patients. This was insignificant to moderate in 63.5% of cases and
      severe in 9.5% of the cases.

PMID- 1194094
TI  - [Deafness due to hyperinsulinism (author's transl)].
AB  - A case is reported of progressive bilateral sensorineural deafness and recurrent
      unilateral facial paralysis in a patient suffering from hypoglycaemia due to
      pancreatic Islet cell hyperplasia. Subtotal pancreatectomy was followed by
      resolution of hyperinsulinism and improvement of the hearing.

PMID- 1194095
TI  - [Uncommon findings during surgery of the internal auditory canal (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The following cases are demonstrated:postoperative deafness probably caused by
      abnormal blood supply to the cochlea, clinical findings of an acoustic neuroma
      without tumor, atrophy of cochlear and vestibular nerves, bone-like tissue growth
      in the labyrinthine trauma, hearing improvement after removal of an arachnoid
      cyst from the internal auditory canal.

PMID- 1194096
TI  - [The pathogenesis of functional dysphonias (author's transl)].
AB  - The definition, aetiology and symptomatology of functional disorders of the voice
      are discussed. A classification for these phoniatric disturbances based in
      clinical and practical issues, especially general psychosocial, latent depressive
      and neurotic, is recommended.

PMID- 1194097
TI  - [The circadian structure of the parotid gland. morphologic and morphometric
      investigations (author's transl)].
AB  - Male Wistar rats were standardized on a "light-dark" cycle. Daily light exposure
      was maintained from 07.00 to 19.00, while food and water were freely provided to
      each animal. During one 24-hour period, subgroups of five animals were sacrificed
      at four-hour intervals. The parotid glands were quickly removed from each animal,
      after which individual gland volume and weight were determined. Tissue samples
      were then fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium and embedded in epon. Other samples
      were fixed in Carnoy and embedded in paraffin. A stereologic model of the rat
      parotid gland was constructed by morphometric methods. It could be demonstrated
      that the volume and weight of the glandular components changed during a 24-hour
      period. The maximum and minimum for each component were found to vary
      significantly; in most instances, the maximum occured during the evening at the
      onset of the eating cycle, whereas the minimum occurred in the morning with the
      completion of eating. The most dramatic differences were seen within the
      glandular acinar cells (Fig. 1 and 2). During a normal 24-hour period or
      physiological secretory cycle, the following volume changes were found: secretory
      granules, 160%; nuclei, 30%; nucleoli, 80%; golgi-areas, 60%; rough endoplasmic
      reticulum, 10%. The present study indicates that the parotid gland has a time
      dependent structure which reflects the rhythmic activity of the gland in
      production, storage and extrusion of secretory material.

PMID- 1194098
TI  - [Indications for mediatinoscopy (author's transl)].
AB  - The problems of routine mediastinoscopy such as the differential diagnosis of
      unrecognisable specific pathology of the mediastinum or lung, assessment of the
      operability of malignancy in the thorax prior to surgery, and the execution of
      minor mediastinal surgery are discussed. It is recommended that mediastinoscopy
      may also be performed where no radiological abnormality exists, and it is
      considered necessary that it is performed with biopsy where bronchial carcinoma
      has already been positively identified. Personal experience shows that previous
      mediastinoscopy or mediastinal irradiation are not contraindications to this
      procedure, but an adequate thoracic surgical unit and adequate after-care are
      essential prerequisites.

PMID- 1194099
TI  - [A persistent craniopharyngeal canal combined with a meningoencephalocele
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The anatomical and embryological facets of the persistent craniopharyngeal canal
      combined with a meningoencephalocele are reviewed, and the case of a 6 year old
      girl is reported. Postnatal dyspnea and cyanosis improved after perforation of
      nasopharyngeal cyst, and adenoidectomy was performed at the age of 8 months. The
      second episode of meningitis led to its radiological assessment and correct
      diagnosis. Surgical treatment is limited because the location of the pituitary in
      this child is not known.

PMID- 1194100
TI  - [An observation on cricothyroid muscle function (author's transl)].
AB  - The cricothyroid muscle is important to the singing voice, in the male in the
      chest and falsetto registers and in the female in the head register, assisting in
      production of the highest notes. In speech its contraction only occurs during
      high pitched speech. It serves as an additional tensor of the vocal cord.

PMID- 1194101
TI  - [The local treatment of ozaena with streptomycin and novocaine (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The essence of this treatment is the injection of a mixture of 250 mgm of
      streptomycin (5 ml) and novocaine 1% (5 ml) on alternate days. The 10 ml mixture
      was injected into the conchae and submucosally into the septum on either side.
      Cure generally required a total of 2--3 gm of streptomycin over 15--20 days.
      Review of 25 cases treated over the past 15 years showed that 44% became symptom
      free and "good" results occurred in another 40%. In 16% treatment proved
      ineffective. Rehabilation was manifest by relief of subjective symptoms and
      disappearance of crusting and foetor. Atrophy remained irreversible.

PMID- 1194102
TI  - [Legal responsibilities in patient explanation prior to ethmoid surgery].
AB  - The Superior Court of Stuttgart sentenced an E.N.T. surgeon for neglecting to
      explain the possible consequences and dangers to life of radical maxillary
      surgery and ethmoidectomy. As a result of this surgery meningitis occurred. The
      Court decided that the operative risks carried by surgeons is greater outside
      University or large hospitals. The Court therefore demanded full preoperative
      explaination only at the smaller hospital. Comparison of statistics from between
      the Tubingen University E.N.T. Clinic and a non-teaching clinic confirmed that
      the operative risks with ethmoid surgery is lower with the latter unit, and the
      the judgement of the Stuttgart Superior Court is based on fallacy. The further
      views and conclusions of the court are critically reviewed, and aspects of
      patient clarification are discussed.

PMID- 1194103
TI  - [Rhinogenic subdural abscesses in childhood and their successful treatement
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Three cases of rhinogenic subdural abscesses are described, and the
      characteristic symptoms of the lesions summarized. Each presents a typical
      temporal sequence which is similar to that of frontal brain abscesses and permits
      differentiation of each into initial, latent and terminal stages. In
      collaboration with our neurosurgeon, a treatment was devised which included
      drilling two or more bore holes over the abscess area and irragating this site
      with an antibiotic solution. This technique provided favourable conditions for
      rhinosurgical operation as well as for complete healing.

PMID- 1194104
TI  - [Atresia of the ear (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of operations for congenital deformities of the external and middle
      ear throughout a 10-year period, 1962-1972, are presented. 38 ears were operated
      upon, of which 26 obtained an average hearing gain of 25 dB. In 12 ears no
      improvement was obtained, and no ear became worse. Among the 15 patients with
      bilateral deformities 11 obtained a postoperative hearing in one or both ears of
      40 dB or better, in average 30 dB.

PMID- 1194105
TI  - [The natural progress of atherosclerosis of the lateral vessels of the tongue
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The writer discusses the progress of atherosclerosis of the lateral vessels of
      the tongue and also demonstrates the clinical and diagnostic value of observing
      these changes. On the lateral undersurface of the tongue, which is uniformly pink
      in young persons on account of the delicate and rich vascular network, blue and
      pointed nodules start to appear in the fourth decade. These nodules are
      pathological and represent venous dilatations and thromboses. In advancing age
      more and more vessels obstruct, and the reduction of perfusion causes in all
      individuals a paleness and advancing atrophy. Examination of this region
      discloses the state of the vascular system. The number, location and severity of
      the thromboses has an important relevance in the assessment of vitality and
      biological aging of the individual.

PMID- 1194106
TI  - [Two cases of hepatic complication from halothane anesthesia following pediatric
      tonsillectomy (author's transl)].
AB  - A report of two cases of hepatic complications (one of these with fatal
      consequence) after pediatric tonsillectomy using halothane anesthesia is given.
      Although in both cases it could not be proven that the halothane was the cause of
      the hepatic complication, an exacerbation of occult liver dystfunction by the
      anesthetic was considered possible.

PMID- 1194107
TI  - [Spontaneous remission of objective tinnitus (author's transl)].
AB  - The presence of a systolic loud tinnitus over the right mastoid in a 21 year old
      male was established by auscultation and phonocardiograph recording. Selective
      angiography of the carotids excluded a vascular abnormality. The tinnitus, which
      persited for 1 year, disappeared spontaneously over a 4 week period. The cause
      and the course of this tinnitus are discussed.

PMID- 1194108
TI  - [Age-dependent electric response audiometry (ERA)-findings in correlation with
      speech development (author's transl)].
AB  - The occurrence of periods of speech-certainty and speech-uncertainty can be
      observed in normal as well as in children impaired with hearing, voice and speech
      defects. This behaviour of voice and speech development has not yet been
      explained by subjective pure-tone or speech audiometry. 19 normal children were
      grouped into four age populations according to electroglotto- and phonographic
      analysis. This collective was then examined by Electric Response Audiometry (ERA)
      at the frequencies of 0.5 kHz, 1.0 kHz, 2.0 kHz, and 4.0 kHz. Speech-certainty
      was observed at a mean age of 4.5 years (Group II) and 6.5 years (Group IV),
      whereas speech-uncertainty was found at a mean age of 2.5 years (Group I) and 5.5
      years (Group III). The supraliminal ERA results of contralteral pickup were
      evaluated in amplitude and in behaviour of latency. Because of the variety of ERA
      characteristics, the age-dependent and frequency-specific development of the
      acoustic system is figured by integration below the characteristics in the
      supraliminal range. The mathematical result shows two opposite regions as well as
      the "hearing dynamic" as at the "dynamic of the behaviour of latency": a low
      frequency region of 0.5 and 1.0 kHz and a high-frequency region of 2.0 and 4.0
      kHz. Evaluation of the electroglottograms following Fourier's analysis shows a
      typical amplitude spectrum at speech-certainty and at speech-uncertainty.

PMID- 1194109
TI  - Surgical management of radial physeal growth disturbance in dogs.
AB  - Premature closure of the distal radial physis can result in severe developmental
      deformities of the involved forelimb. Recognition of the problem early in its
      course is necessary to minimize valgus deformity and secondary osteoarthritis of
      the elbow and carpus. By  forcing the radius to elongate, following radial
      osteotomy and use of a Stader apparatus, these deformities can be minimized.

PMID- 1194110
TI  - Letter: Vesiculoureteral reflux in a cat.

PMID- 1194111
TI  - Blood lead concentrations in three groups of dogs from a suburban Illinois
      community.
AB  - Of 89 clinically normal dogs that were regular patients of a suburban Illinois
      veterinary hospital, all had blood-lead concentrations (BLC) within the range
      cited as normal in the literature. In contrast, 22% of 50 dogs from city pound
      and 15.3% of 98 dogs owned by low-income families of the community had BLC in
      excess of the normal limits. Additionally, 8% of dogs from the city pound and
      4.1% of dogs from low-income families had BLC that are reported to the reliably
      associated with clinical lead poisoning. Socioeconomic characcteristics of the
      dog-owning family were more reliably associated with abnormally high BLC than
      were either history or clinical signs.

PMID- 1194112
TI  - Letter: Hip dysplasia--shortening of pectineus muscle.

PMID- 1194113
TI  - Letter: Familial canine diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1194114
TI  - Effect of five daily intravenous treatments with oxytetracycline hydrochloride on
      the carrier status of bovine anaplasmosis.
AB  - Intravenous administration of oxytetracycline hydrochloride at the rate of 22
      mg/kg daily for 5 days was effective in rendering parasite-free 11 adult cattle
      that were naturally infected Anaplasma marginale carriers. The treatment did not
      cause any noticeable distress or side effect. Through 12 posttreatment months,
      the efficacy of the treatment procedure was evaluated by serologic tests and
      subinoculation of blood into susceptible splenectomized calves. Results of the
      rapid card agglutination test were positive for 5 cattle at 2 months after
      treatment, but negative for all cattle at 4 through 12 months. Complement
      fixation titers were variable and transient in posttreatment serologic studies.
      After subinoculation of blood into splenectomized calves (at 4 and 12 months
      after chemotherapy), serologic, hematologic, or clinical evidence of infection
      with A marginale was not seen during a 60-day observation period.

PMID- 1194115
TI  - Brucella infections in Illinois veterinarians.
AB  - Serums collected from Illinois veterinarians at 6 state conventions between 1956
      and 1972 were tested for Brucella antibodies, with 70 of 394 (17.8%) samples
      reactive. Interviews with 1,261 veterinarians in 1967 and 1968 yielded 175
      (13.9%) with a history of a prior clinical illness diagnosed as brucellosis. When
      duplicates were eliminated, there was a 17.0% (224/1,315) infection ratio. The
      prevalence of infection was found to be decreasing, as reflected by decreasing
      serologic reactor rates and by decreasing numbers of clinical diagnoses during
      the period. Strain 19 brucella vaccine appeared to be increasing in relative
      importance as a source of infection for veterinarians. Most of the small animal
      practitioners with a history of clinical brucellosis had been infected either as
      students or in an earlier practice type. Onset of clinical illness occurred the
      year of graduation for 21 (13%) veterinarians, with 62% between 4 years before
      and 4 years after graduation. Part of the explanation for the decreasing
      infection rates following graduation might have been the existence of a group of
      veterinarians at high risk of infection because of personal habits. Early
      infection, because of their high risk, would have resulted in rapid depletion of
      susceptible individuals from this group. As a result, in a few years the
      infection rate of the total veterinary population would no longer be dominated by
      this high risk group but would more nearly reflect the infection probability for
      the average veterinarian. There was no significant difference in death rates or
      cause of death between infected and noninfected veterinarians.

PMID- 1194116
TI  - Renal failure associated with pericardial effusion in a dog.
AB  - Signs of heart failure due to cardiac tamponade developed in a young dog with
      previously unrecognized renal disease. The uremic syndrome was considered the
      likely cause of the effusive pericarditis found at necropsy. In a review of
      necropsy records from 150 dogs with renal disease, 11 had pericardial lesions.

PMID- 1194117
TI  - Aorticopulmonary septal defect in a dog.
AB  - A 2-year-old Brittany Spaniel ahd clinical signs of pulmonary diseases and
      pulmonary hypertension, with cardiac murmur and congestive heart failure.
      Aorticopulmonary septal defect was detected by means of cardiac catheterization.
      Attempted surgical correciton was unsuccessful.

PMID- 1194118
TI  - Microscopic structure of pig skin.

PMID- 1194119
TI  - Aflatoxin residues in tissues of growing swine: effect of separate and mixed
      feeding of protein and protein-free portions of the diet.

PMID- 1194120
TI  - Iron absorption in nursing piglets.

PMID- 1194121
TI  - Toxicity of various organic sulfur compounds for chicks fed crystalline amino
      acid diets containing threonine and glycine at their minimal dietary requirements
      for maximal growth.

PMID- 1194122
TI  - Effects of dietary protein levels during lactation to first-litter sows fed a
      fortified corn gestation diet.

PMID- 1194123
TI  - Seasonal changes in serum testosterone in adult rams.

PMID- 1194124
TI  - Effect of age on testicular growth and consistency of Holstein and Angus bulls.

PMID- 1194125
TI  - Effect of cyclophosphamide on erythrocyte and plasma acetycholinesterase activity
      in sheep.

PMID- 1194126
TI  - Gonadotropin induced multiple births in beef cows following estrus
      synchronization.

PMID- 1194127
TI  - Effects of 1,3-butanediol and 1,2-propanediol on blood ketone bodies and glucose
      in sheep fed restricted diets.

PMID- 1194128
TI  - Postprandial patterns of plasma glucose, insulin and volatile fatty acids in
      ruminants fed low- and high-roughage diets.

PMID- 1194129
TI  - Diurnal and annual fluctuations of aerial bacterial and dust levels in enclosed
      swine houses.

PMID- 1194130
TI  - Relative and qualitative aspects of aerial bacteria and dust in swine houses.

PMID- 1194131
TI  - Pediococcus acidilactici NCIB 6990, a new test organism for microbiological
      assaying of pantothenic acid.

PMID- 1194132
TI  - Toxicity of sodium and chloride ions to Rhizobium spp. in broth and peat culture.

PMID- 1194133
TI  - A comparison of various selective isolation media for their efficiency in the
      diagnosis and enumeration of soft rot coliform bacteria.

PMID- 1194134
TI  - Variation in the virulence of some streptomycin resistant mutants of Pseudomonas
      phaseolicola.

PMID- 1194135
TI  - Decarboxylation of substituted cinnamic acids by enterobacteria: the influence on
      beer flavour.

PMID- 1194136
TI  - Loss of symbiotic capacity in commercially useful strains of Rhizobium trifolii.

PMID- 1194137
TI  - The effect of the ratio of magnesium: calcium on numbers of Rhizobium in liquid
      medium.

PMID- 1194138
TI  - The bacterial flora of some queensland fish and its ability to cause spoilage.

PMID- 1194139
TI  - Some effects of reinforcement schedules in teaching picture names to retarded
      children.
AB  - The effects of several different schedules of primary reinforcement were compared
      in a picture-naming task with retarded children. In Experiment I, number of
      correct responses and learning rate were higher under fixed-ratio schedules than
      under continuous reinforcement. In Experiment II, number of correct responses and
      learning rate tended to be greater under in intermediate than under low or high
      fixed-ratio schedules. In Experiment III, number of correct responses was higher
      under interlocking schedules, in which the response requirement increased with
      time following the previous reinforcement, than under comparable fixed-ratio
      schedules. Learning rates were generally low and, perhaps because of this, not
      very different under the two types of schedules in this experiment. Accuracy
      (i.e., proportion of trials on which correct responses occurred) was typically
      high and insensitive to variations in schedule and schedule parameter throughout
      each experiment.

PMID- 1194140
TI  - Manipulation of potential punishment parameters in the treatment of self-injury.

PMID- 1194141
TI  - Electrical activity of phrenic nerve and diaphragm in utero.
AB  - Phrenic nerve activity, diaphragmatic EMG, and tracheal or pleural pressure
      changes were recorded in a chronic fetal sheep preparation. Three patterns of
      fetal phrenic nerve activity were observed: 1) a single burst; 2) irregular
      nonrhythmic bursts; and 3) prolonged rhythmic activity, seen only prior to fetal
      death. The total recording time was 54.53 h and the total duration of phrenic
      nerve activity was 65.34 min (2.16%). When an inactive period was defined as the
      absence of phrenic nerve activity for 60 s or more, active periods occupied 44.7%
      of the total time. Phrenic nerve activity was present in all fetuses and 97.5% of
      the time was coupled with diaphragmatic EMG. Both diaphragmatic EMG and
      intrapulmonary pressure changes occurred in the absence of phrenic nerve
      activity. In three fetal animals both phrenic nerves were transected. Tracheal
      pressure changes were seen which were not coupled with corresponding intrauterine
      pressure changes. Thus, changes in fetal tracheal pressure or diaphragmatic EMG
      do not necessarily represent the output of the fetal respiratory center. This
      study suggests that the fetal respiratory center is active in utero, but this
      activity is minimal and has a different pattern that that present after birth.

PMID- 1194142
TI  - Evaluation of a reservoir in the main excretory duct of rat submaxillary gland.
AB  - Cannulation of salivary gland main excretory duct at its oral opening is
      routinely used for collecting fluid, in situ, from the luminally perfused duct,
      or saliva from the stimulated gland. For perfusion of the main excretory duct, in
      situ, or for saliva collection, rat submaxillary gland is often the organ of
      choice, since electrolyte transport occurs at high rates both in the whole gland
      and in the main excretory duct. Recently, it has been reported that there is a
      pouchlike dilatation of the main excretory duct at its oral end, and that this
      dilatation may serve as a fluid reservoir. Because of possible effects of such a
      reservoir on measurements of electrolyte transport by the whole gland or the main
      duct segment, the size and form of the reservoir have now been examined. For
      this, techniques of histology, radiography, and microcatherization were employed.
      It was found that, while the functional volume of the reservoir exceeds that of
      the main duct proper, the time needed for displacement of reservoir fluid by
      perfusate or saliva would probably be only on the order of 1-3 min at higher
      rates of saliva or perfusate flow. Therefore, if adequate allowance is made for
      equilibration time, collection of saliva or luminal perfusate by oral cannula
      seems justified.

PMID- 1194143
TI  - Frequency response of the chest: modeling and parameter estimation.
AB  - The frequency response of the respiratory system was studied in the range from 3
      to 70 Hz in 15 normal subjects by applying sinusoidal pressure variations around
      the chest and measuring gas flow at the mouth. The observed input-output
      relationships were systematically compared to those predicted on the basis of
      linear differential equations of increasing order. From 3 to 20 Hz the behavior
      of the system was best described by a 3rd-order equation, and from 3 to 50 Hz by
      a 4th-order one. A mechanistic model of the 4th order, featuring tissue
      compliance (Ct), resistance (Rt) and inertance (It), alveolar gas compressibility
      (Cg) and airway resistance (Raw), and inertance (Iaw) was developed. Using that
      model, the following mean values were found: Ct = 2.08-10(-2)1-hPa-1 (1 hPa
      congruent to 1 cm of water); Rt = 1.10-hPa-1(-1)-s; It = 0.21-10(-2)hPa-1(-1)-s2;
      Raw = 1.35-hPa-1(-1)-s; Iaw = 2.55-10(-2)hPa-1(-1)-s2. Additional experiments
      devised to validate the model were reasonably successful, suggesting that the
      physical meaning attributed to the coefficients was correct. The validity of the
      assumptions and the physiological meaning of the coefficients are discussed.

PMID- 1194144
TI  - Effect of elastic loading on ventilatory response to hypoxia in conscious man.
AB  - Ventilatory responses to isocapnic hypoxia, with and without an inspiratory
      elastic load (12.1 cmH2O/l), were measured in seven healthy subjects using a
      rebreathing technique. During each experiment, the end-tidal PCO2 was held
      constant using a variable-speed pump to draw gas from the rebreathing bag through
      a CO2 absorbing bypass. Studies with and without the load were performed in a
      formally randomized order for each subject. Linear regressions for rise in
      ventilation against fall in SaO2 were calculated. The range of unloaded responses
      was 0.74-1.38 1/min per 1% fall in SaO2 and loaded responses 0.71-1.56 1/min per
      1% fall in SaO2. Elastic loading did not significantly alter the ventilatory
      response to progressive hypoxia (P greater than 0.2). In all subjects there was,
      however, a change in breathing pattern during loading, whereby increments in
      ventilation were attained by smaller tidal volumes and higher frequencies than in
      the control experiments. These results support the hypothesis previously proposed
      in our studies of resistive loading during progressive hypoxia, that a similar
      control pathway appears to be involved in response to the application of loads to
      breathing, whether ventilation is stimulated by hypoxia or hypercapnia.

PMID- 1194145
TI  - Modification of respiratory center output in the unanesthetized fetal sheep "in
      utero".
AB  - Diaphragmatic electromyographic activity, tracheal and amniotic fluid pressures,
      lung liquid flow, and carotid and jugular venous pressures were measured on eight
      fetal lambs who survived for periods of 9-43 days postoperatively. The fetal
      gestational age ranged from 98 to 113 days at operation. Respiratory center
      output of the fetus as indicated by electromyographic activity was modified by
      the following stimuli. It was suppressed by anesthesia and fetal hypoxia (Pao2 =
      12 mmHg), tonically reduced by lung inflation, and stimulated by cyanide
      injections (150-600 mug) into the fetal jugular vein. Neuromuscular transmission
      to the diaphragm was blocked with d-tubocurarine (0.2-0.6 mg). These experiments
      indicate that central and motor pathways to the diaphragm are sufficiently mature
      by 101 days in the fetal sheep to permit their output to be modified by chemical
      and mechanical stimuli.

PMID- 1194146
TI  - Body composition and Vo2max of exceptional weight-trained athletes.
AB  - The maximal oxygen uptake and body composition of 30 exceptional athletes who
      have trained extensively with weights was measured. The sample included 3 world
      record holders, 8 other world class athletes, and 19 national class competitors.
      The sports represented were shot-putting, discus throwing, body building, power
      lifting, wrestling, and olympic lifting. Vo2max as determined on a bicycle
      ergometer by the open-circuit method was 4.6 +/- 0.7 1-min-1 (mean +/- SD) (48.8
      +/- 7 ml-kg-1., 56.4 +/- 8.6 ml-(kg LBW)-1). The mean maximal heart rate was
      185.3 +/- 11.6 beats-min-1. The subjects attained a work rate of 1,728.2 +/- 223
      kpm-min-1 on a continuous progressive bicycle ergometer test and had mean maximal
      ventilations of 152.5 +/- 27.7 1-min-1 BTPS. Body composition was determined by
      densitometry. Body weight averaged 96.0 +/- 14.9 kg, with mean percent fat of
      13.8 +/- 4.5. The results of this study indicate that exceptional weight-trained
      athletes are within the normal college-age population range in body fat and of
      somewhat higher physical working capacity.

PMID- 1194147
TI  - Some factors affecting tissue Po2 in the carotid body.
AB  - In the carotid body (CB) of the anesthetized cat tissue Po2 (Pto2) measured with
      a micro O2 electrode averaged about 65 mmHg at normal arterial pressure (mean =
      96 mmHg). Pto2 correlated significantly with the hematocrit of the arterial blood
      but not with % saturation. When arterial pressure was reduced (mean = 58 mmHg) by
      bleeding Pto2 fell significantly. Phentolamine injection (1 mg/kg iv) at the
      reduced pressure caused Pto2 to rise significantly. At normal arterial pressure
      blowing moistened O2 over the CB did not affect Pto2 if the electrode tip was
      about 90 mum into the CB. At a reduced pressure (and blood flow) the sensitive
      depth increased to about 301 mum, and to about 600 mum when flow was stopped. We
      concluded that a) the increased chemoceptor discharge usually seen with
      hemorrhage is due to reduced Pto2; b) the reduction in Pto2 is probably due to
      reduced blood flow which is, in turn, caused partly, at least, by sympathetic
      nervous system activity; c) O2 content, rather than Po2, may determine
      chemoreceptor discharge rate; and d) there are no barriers in the CB which are
      impermeable to O2.

PMID- 1194148
TI  - Relationship between respiratory nerve and muscle activity and muscle force
      output.
AB  - To demonstrate the most satisfactory way of using electrical activities of
      respiratory nerves and muscles, activities of phrenic nerve and external
      intercostal muscle (ICM) and the airway pressure changes generated by respiratory
      muscle contraction were recorded in anesthetized cats during complete airway
      occlusion. Electrical activities were rectified, integrated and processed in
      terms of peak and average inspiratory rates per 0.1 s and of total activity per
      breath. Peak rate of phrenic nerve activity exhibited a high linear correlation
      (r = 0.974) with peak inspiratory pressure. Average phrenic rate showed a similar
      high correlation (r = 0.973). Peak rate of external ICM was linearly related to
      peak pressure but the correlation was less good (r = 0.915). Total phrenic
      activity per breath was too dependent upon inspiratory duration to be a
      satisfactory correlate (r = 0.674). In this experiment occlusion pressure was an
      index of muscle force generation and respiratory control system output. It is
      concluded that peak or average rates of phrenic activity provide an electrical
      index of output changes. On theoretical grounds, peak rate is probably better.

PMID- 1194149
TI  - Salicylate hypothermia in rats exposed to hyperbaric air and helium.
AB  - Rectal temperatures of salicylate-treated and untreated rats were observed in 21
      23 degrees C air at 1, 3, 6, and 8 ATA, in 21-23 degrees C helium at 1 and 6 ATA,
      and in 1 ATA thermal neutral air (28 degrees C). Significant dose-related
      temperature decreases occurred in 21-23 degrees C 1 ATA air with 180 and 300
      mg/kg of salicylate; 60 mg/kg had no effect. However, in thermal neutral air, 300
      mg/kg significantly elevated temperatures. Hyperbaric air and helium had
      temperature-lowering effects which were correlated with thermal properties of
      these environments, and in them the hypothermic effects of salicylate were
      similar to those in 1 ATA air, the total temperature decreases being the sum of
      the salicylate hypothermia and that caused by the hyperbaric air or helium. These
      additive temperature effects are unlike previously reported results in which the
      temperature lowering effects of 5 degrees C cold exposure and salicylate together
      were greater than the sum of the two individual effects.

PMID- 1194150
TI  - Orthostatism and heat acclimation.
AB  - Three groups of subjects (6 subj in each group) underwent the following
      precedures: group A was given a 20-min head-up tilt at 21 degrees C followed by 4
      h of exercise at 33.9 degrees C DB, 32.2 degrees C WB, and a repetition of
      tilting after exercise in heat; group B underwent the same procedure at 21
      degrees C; group C was tilted at 21 degrees C, rested in heat for 4 h and was
      retilted in heat. The above procedures were repeated for 8 days, and on the last
      day groups B and C underwent the same treatment as group A. Group A showed the
      usual decreases in heart rate and rectal temperature and an increase in sweat
      rate on acclimation. This corresponded to marked improvements in heat
      orthostatism. While five subjects in group A fainted during post-exposure tilting
      on the first exposure, none fainted on the last day. Resting in heat (group C)
      did not cause any acclimation to work in heat. This corresponded to poor heat
      orthostatism after the work-heat procedure when five subjects fainted. Mild
      training at 21 degrees C (group B) resulted in minor improvements to work in heat
      as evident by some improvements in heart rate responses after the 1st and 2nd h
      of exposure. This corresponded to better heat-orthostatism and fewer men fainting
      than in group C. The results indicated that heat-orthostatism improves on
      acclimation to the same extent as exercise heart rate and rectal temperature.

PMID- 1194151
TI  - Residual levels and biochemical changes after ventilation with perfluorinated
      liquid.
AB  - Twenty-three beagle dogs were ventilated with perfluorinated liquid, perfluoro-1
      isopropoxy-hexane (Caroxin-F) for 1 h and were reconverted to gaseous breathing.
      Hematologic and biochemical changes were studied in five dogs for 1 yr and the
      remaining animals were followed for evidence of retained Caroxin-F for up to 3
      yr. We found that the dogs could be ventilated with liquid Caroxin-F and returned
      to spontaneous breathing of gaseous oxygen with normal blood gas exchange within
      24-72 h. Serum alkaline phosphatase, serum cholesterol, and white blood cell
      count increased with liquid ventilation but returned to normal in less than 1 wk.
      Trace amounts of Caroxin-F were detected by chromatography in all tissues studied
      for the entire 3-yr period. The highest levels of Caroxin-F were found in the
      lungs and associated lymph nodes. No histologic evidence of the presence of
      Caroxin-F was seen except for local accumulations of vacuolated macrophages in
      the lungs and associated lymph nodes. We conclude that Caroxin-F can be breathed
      without residual deleterious effects, even though trace amounts remained for at
      least 3 yr.

PMID- 1194152
TI  - Relative contributions of rib cage and abdomen to breathing in normal subjects.
AB  - By use of the method of Konno and Mead and the respiratory magnetometer, the
      partition of respired gas volumes into rib cage and diaphragm-abdomen components
      was accomplished in 81 normal subjects including 32 young and middle-aged men, 29
      young and middle-aged women, and 20 elderly men. Studied were isovolume maneuvers
      and the relaxation configuration over the inspiratory capacity range, quiet tidal
      breathing, increased amplitudes of slow breathing, rapid inspirations and
      expirations, and both quiet and forceful phonation. No major differences were
      noted between men and women or between the young and the elderly during any
      respiratory acts. During quiet breathing most normal subjects are abdominal
      breathers when supine and thoracic breathers when upright. Rapid respiratory
      maneuvers were accomplished mostly through rib cage displacement suggesting that
      rib cage muscles are capable of more rapid action than diaphragm and abdominal
      muscles. Data from deep breathing and rapid maneuvers supported the view that
      abdominal and rib cage muscles often act to optimize the mechanical (length
      tension) advantage of the diaphragm.

PMID- 1194153
TI  - Using body size to understand the structural design of animals: quadrupedal
      locomotion.
AB  - Many parameters of gait and performance, including stride frequency, stride
      length, maximum speed, and rate of O2 uptake are experimentally found to be power
      law functions of body weight in running quadrupeds. All of these parameters are
      reasonably easy to measure except maximum speed, where the question arises
      whether one means top sprinting speed or top speed for sustained running.
      Moreover, differences in training and motivation make comparisons of top speed
      difficult. The problem is circumvented by comparing animals running at the
      transition between trotting and galloping, a physiologically similar speed.
      Theoretical models are proposed which preserve either geometric similarity,
      elastic similarity, or static stress similarity between animals of large and
      small body weights. The model postulating elastic similarity provides the best
      correlation with published data on body and bone proportions, body surface area,
      resting metabolic rate, and basal heart and lung frequencies. It also makes the
      most successful prediction of stride frequency, stride length, limb excursion
      angles, and the metabolic power required for running at the trot-gallop
      transition in quadrupeds ranging in size from mice to horses.

PMID- 1194154
TI  - Man's physiologic response to long-term work during thermal and pollutant stress.
AB  - Metabolic, temperature, and cardiorespiratory responses of 19 healthy males, age
      range 18-30 yr for one group and 40-55 yr for another, were studied during 210
      minutes submaximal work at 35% Vo2 max. The subjects were exposed to four
      different pollutant gas mixtures at two different temperatures, 25 degrees C and
      35 degrees C (relative humidity 30%). The four gas mixtures were filtered air
      (FA), 50 ppm carbon monoxide in filtered air (CO), 0.24 ppm peroxyacetyl nitrate
      in filtered air (PAN), and a combination of all three mixtures (PANCO). In the CO
      exposure, the heart rate was significantly greater than that observed during FA
      conditions (P less than 0.05). Metabolic and thermoregulatory responses to long
      term work were not different in the various pollutant environments. Significant
      decreases in stroke volume and increases in heart rate were observed during the
      course of the 25 degrees C exposures with no alteration in cardiac output. Heart
      rates were higher during 35 degrees C exposures while cardiac output remained at
      the same level with a consequent further reduction in stroke output.

PMID- 1194155
TI  - Predicting the carboxyhemoglobin levels resulting from carbon monoxide exposures.
AB  - Data from a series of human exposures to carbon monoxide (CO) were analyzed to
      determine the fit to the theoretical Coburn-Forster-Kane (CFK) equation which
      describes CO absorption and excretion. The equation was found to predict
      carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) saturations for both men and women at exercise rates
      ranging from sedentary to 300 kpm/min when they were exposed to steady CO
      concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 ppm for 0.33-5.25 h. Methods for determining
      values of each of the variables in the CFK equation were collected and a
      rational, efficient procedure for solving the equation by trial and error was
      outlined. The CFK equation was then used to prepare a graph, relating HbCO
      saturation to exposure duration and concentration, and also to describe the
      effect of several variables on the rate of CO uptake and equilibrium HbCO levels,
      important considerations in the determination of permissible public,
      occupational, and experimental exposure to CO.

PMID- 1194156
TI  - Insulative power of body fat on deep muscle temperatures and isometric endurance.
AB  - Four male subjects were examined to assess the relationship of body fat content
      to deep muscle temperature and the endurance of a fatiguing isometric handgrip
      contraction at a tension set at 40% MVC. Muscle temperature was altered by the
      immersion of the forearm in water at temperatures varying from 7.5 to 40 degrees
      C. In all subjects, there was a water bath temperature above and below which
      isometric endurance decreased markedly; the difference among individuals was
      solely accounted for by the individual's body fat content. Thus, subjects with
      higher body fat content required lower bath temperatures to cool the forearm
      musculature to its optimum temperature, which we found to always be approximately
      27 degrees C measured 2 cm perpendicularly to the skin in the belly of the
      brachioradialis muscle. Further, in one subject, we found that a reduction in
      this subject's body fat content resulted in a corresponding increase in the water
      bath temperature necessary to cool his muscles to their optimum isometric
      performance. The data demonstrate the striking insulative power of the thin layer
      of fat around the forearm in man in protecting shell tissues from cold exposure.

PMID- 1194157
TI  - Untrained females: effects of submaximal exercise and heat on body fluids.
AB  - Five untrained females having no history of heat exposure worked in a cool (16-20
      degrees C db, 28% rh) environment on day 1 and a warm environment on day 2 (45
      degrees C db, 28% rh). Exercise level (bicycle ergometer) was 30% of individual
      Vo2 max values and work time on both days was 45 min. Venous blood samples were
      obtained at rest, after 40 min of exercise and 25 min after exercise ceased.
      Analysis of blood samples indicated an 8.3% increase in Hct during exercise on
      day 1 and a plasma volume reduction of 12.8% though total circulating protein
      increased 11.5%. Except for K+ all parameters approximated control values within
      25 min postexercise. On day 2, exercise in heat caused a 12% increase in Hct and
      a plasma volume reduction of 17.7%. Mean total protein did not significantly
      change from resting values. These data indicated that for a given % Vo2 max,
      untrained females suffer considerably greater reductions in plasma volumes than
      do exercised males. Similar to males, dilatation of the cutaneous vascular bed in
      unacclimatized females resulted in loss of protein from the vascular volume.

PMID- 1194158
TI  - Effect of altitude exposure on platelets.
AB  - Since decompression from depth is known to produce a fall in platelet count, the
      effect of altitude decompression and high-altitude exposure on platelets was
      investigated. Sixteen subjects decompressed without hypoxia to 20,000 ft
      simulated altitude for two hours showed a significant (P less than 0.01) drop in
      circulating platelet count of approximately 10% for three days following
      decompression. Four of five subjects similarly exposed had a shortened autologous
      platelet survival compared to that prior to exposure. Subjects exposed to 9,800
      ft and then 17,600 ft in a mountain environment showed a significant mean
      decrease in platelet count on day 2 of 7% and 25% respectively, which had
      returned to control by day 5. Nonhypoxic and hypoxic decompressed rabbits which
      received homologous chromium-51-labeled platelets had an increase in lung
      radioactivity compared with sea-level controls. It is postulated that altitude
      decompression produces platelet reductions similar to these seen after
      decompression from depth, and that platelets sequester in the pulmonary vascular
      bed.

PMID- 1194160
TI  - Dynamic stiffness profiles in the left ventricle.
AB  - Diastolic pressure-volume (P-V) curves were calculated on a beat-to-beat basis in
      the open-chest, pentobarbital-anesthetized dog, using the technique of direct
      transmitral flow measurement previously described. P-V curves were constructed
      and the slope (dP/dV) was plotted vs. pressure and time. dP/dV was used as an
      index of stiffness in each heart and its instantaneous changes with time were
      followed throughout the diastolic period. The end-diastolic P-V relation based on
      points from successive cycles during volume loading was found to be exponential.
      In contrast, the instantaneous P-V relation during any one diastolic period was
      not exponential. That is, the dynamic dP/dV vs. pressure plot was nonlinear. In
      the normal heart, stiffness was characterized in early diastole by a negative
      dP/dV as the ventricle continued to relax, and then frequently decreased prior to
      a second stiffness rise with atrial augmentation. These findings can be explained
      by a model containing an element whose deformation is rate dependent, i.e., a
      parallel viscous element. Stiffness profiles in mitral stenosis where dynamic
      effects are minimized substantiate this conclusion.

PMID- 1194159
TI  - D2 18O (deuterium oxide) method for CO2 output in small mammals and economic
      feasibility in man.
AB  - A test of the validity of the isotopic steady state relationships of the doubly
      labeled water (H2O) method has been carried out with D2 18O in small mammals
      (three chipmunks and one mouse). CO2 outputs calculated just from 1) the rate of
      water intake and 2) the ratios of the isotopic concentrations in the body water
      to the intake water agreed satisfactorily with observed values. Moreover,
      reconstructed energy and material balances agreed reasonably with similar
      balances reconstructed for an immediately succeeding period on the same animals
      studied by the previously validated decay procedure. We conclude from an error
      analysis that by expressing the isotopic specific activities as abundances in
      excess of the body water of a subject on a given regimen, the decay procedure is
      economically feasible in the human with available accuracy of isotopic analyses
      and the present cost of H2 18O. The method therefore appears to be a useful tool
      ready for application to the field of human energy metabolism.

PMID- 1194161
TI  - DC temperature-regulating device for anesthetized experimental animals.
AB  - A temperature-regulating device for anesthetized experimental animals is
      presented. The rectal temperature of the animal is measured with a thermistor and
      this variable controls via nonlinear amplification the power fed to the heating
      pad on which the animal is placed. Rectal temperature variations of not more than
      +/- 0.1 degrees C are reached after 30 min of operation.

PMID- 1194162
TI  - Surgical techniques for long-term studies of thoracic duct circulation in the
      rat.
AB  - Two techniques for cannulation of the thoracic duct in the rat, thoracic duct
      shunt and thoracic duct side fistula, are described. They give access, for
      repetitive sampling, to a normal thoracic duct circulation and are suited for
      study of the circulation under physiologic conditions. The thoracic duct shunt
      creates, with tubing, a shunt between the caudad and cephalad ends to the
      cisterna chyli. The exteriorized midportion of the shunt allows observation of
      the lymph. In the thoracic duct side fistula, the short arm of a T tube is placed
      within the cisterna and sampling is done via the long arm of the tube. Ten shunts
      functioned for 8-26 days and 10 side fistulas functioned for 8-30 days. Average
      lymph flow was 0.044 ml/min (shunts) and 0.042 ml/min (side fistulas). Average
      thoracic duct lymphocyte output was 1,729,000 cells/min (shunts) and 2,310,000
      cells/min (side fistulas). Average blood lymphocyte count was 11,700 cells/mm3
      (shunts) and 12,600 cells/mm3 (side fistulas). All parameters remained stable
      during the period of study. Advantages of those techniques over the Bollman end
      fistula are presented.

PMID- 1194163
TI  - Quantitation of pharyngeal motor function in normal human subjects.
AB  - A need exists for accurate pressure recording of pharyngeal motor events. Results
      of this study indicate that accurate quantitation of pharyngeal motor activity is
      not possible using a water-filled catheter system, even when high infusion rates
      are used. An intraluminal strain gauge system, however, achieves high-fidelity
      recording. Quantitation of pharyngeal peristalsis using the intraluminal strain
      gauge system reveals peristaltic pressure amplitudes higher than those hitherto
      recorded. In normal subjects, peristaltic amplitude averages about 200 mmHg in
      the hypopharynx, complexes in one subject being as high as 600 mmHg. A zone of
      relatively low pressure exists in the oropharynx. Mean pharyngeal wave duration
      decreases progressively in an aboral direction, from 1.0 to 0.3 s, and
      peristaltic wave speeds range between 9 and 25 cm/s. Accurate quantitation of
      pharyngeal peristaltic variables provides the necessary basis for
      characterization and assessment of pharyngeal motor disorders.

PMID- 1194164
TI  - Effects of alcohol on human performance: an integration of research findings
      based on an abilities classification.

PMID- 1194165
TI  - Role ambiguity, role conflict, and satisfaction: moderating effects of individual
      differences.

PMID- 1194166
TI  - An empirical test of causal inference between role perceptions of conflict and
      ambiguity and various personal outcomes.

PMID- 1194168
TI  - Dogmatism and managerial achievement.

PMID- 1194167
TI  - Relationships between sex role stereotypes and requisite management
      characteristics among female managers.

PMID- 1194169
TI  - Effects of pressure and individual neuroticism on emotional responses to task
      role ambiguity.

PMID- 1194170
TI  - Extraversion, locus of control, and individual differences in conditionability in
      organizations.

PMID- 1194171
TI  - Individual differences, early work challenge, and participation in continuing
      education.

PMID- 1194172
TI  - Blood donor and nondonor motivation: a transnational replication.

PMID- 1194173
TI  - Effects of work load, role ambiguity, and type A personality on anxiety,
      depression, and heart rate.

PMID- 1194174
TI  - Relations between leadership, size, and subordinate satisfaction in a voluntary
      organization.

PMID- 1194175
TI  - Implicit leadership theory as a determinant of the factor structure underlying
      supervisory behavior scales.

PMID- 1194176
TI  - Pyrolysis-gas chromatographic analysis of black paints.
AB  - Samples of 79 black paints from 27 manufacturers in the United States were
      examined to determine the extent to which paints can be distinguished by
      pyrolysis-gas chromatography. Evaluation by a Carbowax column showed some
      differences among paints from different manufacturers and among batches of paints
      from the same manufacturer. However, it was not possible to conclude that paints
      with identical chromatograms had a common origin.

PMID- 1194177
TI  - Direct plating method for enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus: collaborative
      study.
AB  - Considerable evidence has been published regarding the adverse effect of sodium
      chloride on physiologically impaired cells of Staphylococcus aureus, such as are
      to be expected in processed foods. A direct plating method for enumeration of S.
      aureus eliminating the use of sodium chloride was devised and subjected to
      collaborative study by 16 analysts. Results obtained by the direct plating method
      were compared to those obtained by the AOAC official first action method (46.036-
      46.040). Participating analysts examined duplicate samples at population levels
      of 91, 34, and 20 S. aureus/g. Coefficients of variation among analysts were
      considerably lower for the direct plating method (31, 81, and 48%, respectively)
      than for method 46.040 (59, 156, and 150%, respectively) at all 3 population
      levels. High coefficients of variation for the direct plating method at 2 of the
      3 levels were due principally to low populations of S. aureus. The direct plating
      method has been adopted as official first action for general purpose use and use
      of method 46.036--46.040 has been restricted to raw food ingredients and
      nonprocessed foods.

PMID- 1194178
TI  - Thermal susceptibility of Salmonella in the Moroccan food snail, Helix aspersa.
AB  - Thirty samples of 10-15 Helix aspersa food snails were examined for Salmonella by
      a surface rinsing method and by analysis of whole snails rinsed with 70% ethanol.
      Thirteen samples were positive by the rinsing method and 6 were positive by whole
      snail analysis, with this difference being significant (P less than 0.01).
      Although Salmonella contamination in H. aspersa appeared to be predominantly
      surface, the pathogen was also found within the snail meat. The ability of
      surface and subsurface Salmonella organisms to survive in cooked snails was
      determined in 90 samples. Thermocouple readings indicated that an internal
      temperature of at least 200 degrees F (93 degrees C) was reached within the snail
      meat during cooking by a typical recipe. This temperature was sufficient to kill
      both surface and subsurface Salmonella in 29 samples positive for the pathogen
      prior to heating. A variety of serotypes representing several somatic groups was
      isolated.

PMID- 1194179
TI  - Spectrophotometric assay of salsolidine hydrochloride.
AB  - The proposed method is based on the reaction of salsolidine HCl with carbon
      disulfide and ammoniacal copper sulfate. The resulting salsolidine-copper
      dithiocarbamate complex is extracted with benzene and measured
      spectrophotometrically at 448 nm. The method is applicable for the detection of
      40-500 mug salsolidine/5 ml.

PMID- 1194180
TI  - Colorimetric and volumetric assays of colchicine in galenicals and in
      pharmaceutical preparations.
AB  - In the method described the amide group in the colchicine molecule is reduced
      with lithium aluminum hydride to the corresponding secondary amine. The latter is
      extracted with chloroform and then determined either colorimetrically by the
      copper dithiocarbamate reaction or volumetrically by dissolving in acid and
      titrating with sodium hydroxide or perchloric acid. The results were comparable
      with those obtained by the Egyptian Pharmacopoeia spectrophotometric method.

PMID- 1194181
TI  - Determination of amphetamine by Schiff base formation and quantitative gas-liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - A procedure was developed to determine amphetamine salts in solid dosage forms.
      Amphetamine was extracted from the solid matrix with dilute hydrochloric acid and
      reacted with cyclohexanone in a strongly basic aqueous methanolic solution. The
      Schiff base reaction product was extracted with hexane for gas chromatographic
      determination. Reaction time and optimum conditions were studied. Phenethylamine,
      similarly treated, was used as an internal standard. Results compared favorably
      with those obtained by using USP methods.

PMID- 1194183
TI  - Confirmation of polybrominated biphenyl residues in feeds and dairy products,
      using an ultraviolet irradiation-gas-liquid chromatographic technique.
AB  - An ultraviolet (UV) irradiation-gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) detection
      procedure was used to confirm the presence of polybrominated biphenyl (PBB)
      residues in sample extracts after GLC quantitation. Chromatograms of PBB standard
      and sample extract solutions showed similar photodecomposition peak patterns
      dependent on time and intensity of UV irradiation. Confirmation of PBBs in sample
      extracts by this procedure was possible for any amount detectable by the GLC
      system employed. Prolonged UV irradiation resulted in complete disappearance of
      all PBB peaks from the chromatogram, permitting their distinction from background
      peaks due to extraneous sample material unaffected by UV irradiation.

PMID- 1194182
TI  - Detection of twelve mycotoxins in mixed animal feedstuffs, using a novel membrane
      cleanup procedure.
AB  - A multimycotoxin thin layer chromatographic screening method is described which
      is applicable to most animal feedstuffs. Interference from nonspecific lipid,
      pigment, and other components of simple and mixed feeds is reduced to a minimum
      by using a membrane cleanup step. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, citrinin,
      diacetoxyscirpenol, ochratoxin A, patulin, penitrem A, sterigmatocystin, T-2
      toxin, and zearalenone may be reliably detected. The sensitivity of the method is
      generally low for mixed feeds but even so aflatoxin B1 can be detected at a level
      of 3 ppb and ochratoxin A at 80 ppb. While the basic method is less sensitive for
      sterigmatocystin (330 ppb), patulin (600 ppb), zearalenone (1000 ppb), and the
      trichothecenes (1000-4000 ppb), it may be adapted so as to reduce the above
      detection limits when the presence of these toxins is suspected. Lower levels may
      be detected in extracts of simple feeds.

PMID- 1194184
TI  - Determination of polybrominated biphenyl residues in dry animal feeds.
AB  - A new procedure is described for the determination of polybrominated biphenyls
      (PBBs) in dry animal feeds and developmental results are discussed. Finely ground
      feed is packed into a chromatographic column containing Celite and then eluted
      with methylene chloride. The concentrated extract is cleaned up by elution with
      petroleum ether through Florisil before gas-liquid chromatographic quantitation.
      Chromatograms thus obtained were essentially free of the interfering peaks
      encountered when using AOAC methods for pesticide residues in dry products.
      Results of feed analyses by the proposed procedure averaged 30% higher than those
      obtained by AOAC procedures. Recoveries of PBBs from samples fortified at levels
      of 0.04 to 0.4 ppm ranged from 90 to 104%, with an average of 98%.

PMID- 1194185
TI  - Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of vinyl chloride in vinyl chloride
      polymers, food-simulating solvents, and other samples.
AB  - The determination of vinyl chloride (VC) in polyvinyl chloride (PVC), vegetable
      oils, food-simulating solvents, mouthwashes, and blood anticoagulant solutions by
      gas-liquid chromatography is described. PVC polymers are disolved in either
      tetrahydrofuran or dimethyl acetamide. Vegetable oils are diluted with an equal
      volume of tetrahydrofuran. The resulting solutions are injected into a gas-liquid
      chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. Mouthwashes, blood
      anticoagulant solutions, and 3 food-simulating solvents, 3% acetic acid, 50%
      ethanol, and heptane, are analyzed by direct injection into a chromatograph.
      Sensitivities are such that 0.05 ppm VC in solution or 1 ppm VC in PVC can be
      quantitated.

PMID- 1194186
TI  - A screening method for determining nitrofuran drug residues in animal tissues.
AB  - A method was developed for measuring low levels of total nitrofurans in animal
      tissues and milk. The antimicrobial nitrofurans (5 or more products) used in
      agriculture are extracted from tissue with aqueous acid in the presence of ethyl
      acetate. After centrifugation and evaporation, the organic residue is washed with
      hexane and the nitrofurans are hydrolyzed to 5-nitrofuraldehyde in aqueous acid
      at 70 degrees C. The hydrolysis product is extracted with benzene and measured by
      gas-liquid chromatography with electron capture detection. Recoveries  of
      nitrofurazone and furazolidone from fortified poultry and swine tissues at the
      levels of 0.5 and 0.1 ppm are 75 and 65%, respectively. This procedure can be
      used to detect the total nitrofuran content of as little as 10 ppb muscle tissues
      and milk, 100 ppb liver, and 50 ppb fat with no interference from related
      veterinary nitrodrugs.

PMID- 1194187
TI  - A rapid method for the determination of manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate and
      its residues on grains.
AB  - A method has been developed, based on the periodate oxidation of the manganese in
      the coordination product of zinc ion and manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate to
      permanganic acid, to determine DithaneM-45. The relationship between the
      intensity of color and the concentration of manganese obeys Beer's law up to 100
      mug at 540 nm. The method can be easily applied to the determination of the
      active ingredient in formulations and also for residue analysis. The method is
      sensitive to 0.6 mug and can be used to determine 6 mug fungicide at the 20 g
      sample level.

PMID- 1194188
TI  - Collaborative study of a spectrophotometric method for determining maleic
      hydrazide residues in tobacco and vegetables.
AB  - A distillation-spectrophotometric method for the determination of maleic
      hydrazide residues in tobacco and vegetables reported previously was studied
      collaboratively. Ten laboratories submitted analytical results on 10 samples
      containing residues resulting either from field treatment or laboratory
      fortification. The samples were estimated to contain from 0.99 to 16.36 mug
      maleic hydrazide/0.5 g sample analyzed. The coefficients of variation based on
      precision standard deviation ranged from 57.7% for the lowest residue content to
      32.4% for the highest. The corresponding coefficients of variation based on
      overall standard deviations were estimated to be at least one-fifth larger.
      Strong evidence of systematic laboratory differences was found (F-test,
      significant at 0.1%). Apparent recoveries of 10.0 mug maleic hydrazide added to
      0.5 g fluecured tobacco and potato were 97.3 and 89.7%, respectively. Apparent
      recoveries of 16.0 and 16.5 mug added to 0.5 g green bean were 87.4 and 85.5%,
      respectively. The precision of the method studied was no better than that of the
      current official final action method, 29.121--29.127, and its adoption is not
      recommended.

PMID- 1194189
TI  - Comparative study of methods for the extraction of eleven organophosphorus
      pesticide residues in rice.
AB  - Several extraction methods are compared for the simultaneous analysis of
      organophosphorus pesticides in unpolished rice. Four stationary phases were used
      for the subsequent gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) determination of the selected
      pesticides. Using 3 different GLC columns, 11 pesticides were completely
      separated and identified. The efficiency of the cleanup and the sensitivity of
      the analytical method were evaluated by using powdered unpolished rice samples
      fortified with the pesticides and also wheat and dried bean samples. Average
      recoveries ranged from 74.7% for disulfoton to 97.4% for malathion in unpolished
      rice and from 68.1% for disulfoton to 108.3% for malathion in other crops. The
      method described is applicable to the analysis of selected organophosphorus
      pesticide residues in unpolished rice, wheat, buckwheat, and dried beans.

PMID- 1194190
TI  - Some thoughts on parentectomy.

PMID- 1194191
TI  - Asthma predictors in infantile atopic dermatitis.
AB  - In a search for predictive factors in early childhood for later developing
      childhood asthma, sixty chidren who suffered in the first year of life from
      atopic dermatitis were examined at ages between 6-11 years. There were 40 boys
      and 20 girls, of whom 21 were asthmatic boys and 10 asthmatic girls. The non
      asthma group was similar to the asthma group in age, sex and socio-economic
      background and familial-hereditary background. The psychosocial aspects of the
      study were not reported in this paper. The atopic dermatitis followed a different
      pattern in the asthmatic group than in the non-asthma group. A continuation of
      the atopic eczematous condition in infancy beyond two years appeared to be highly
      predictive for future childhood asthma. Severity of the eczema in infancy does
      not seem to be a strong predictor in boys and not at all in the small group of
      girls. Persistent eczema appeared twice as much in the asthmatic boys as in the
      asthmatic girls. There was no distinct difference between the asthmatic children
      and the non-asthmatic children in time of onset of the infantile eczema nor in
      the location of the atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 1194192
TI  - On-line digital computer quantitated ST segment response to sub-maximal tread
      mill exercise.

PMID- 1194193
TI  - Comparative study of dye and air myelography in spinal cord lesions.

PMID- 1194194
TI  - Augmenting procedures during L-dopa therapy for Parkinsonism.

PMID- 1194195
TI  - Editorial: Stress tests in the diagnosis of chest pain.

PMID- 1194196
TI  - Editorial: Prinzmetal angina.

PMID- 1194197
TI  - Gentamicin in urinary infections. A clinical and bacteriological study.

PMID- 1194198
TI  - Hyperhaemolytic and vascular occlusive crises in sickle cell disease. A case
      report with brief review of literature.

PMID- 1194199
TI  - Prinzmetal's variant angina. A case report.

PMID- 1194200
TI  - Pulmonary function tests in bronchial asthma (study during symptom free period
      before and after a bronchodilator).

PMID- 1194201
TI  - Pulmonary function tests in health.

PMID- 1194202
TI  - Needle diagnosis of pulmonary disease.

PMID- 1194203
TI  - Needle biopsy of the lung (a study of 75 cases).

PMID- 1194204
TI  - Fiberoptic esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy: experience with GIF-D and GF-B
      fiberscopes.

PMID- 1194206
TI  - Editorial: Vitamin D.

PMID- 1194205
TI  - Editorial: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

PMID- 1194207
TI  - Jaccoud's arthritis (a report of 2 cases).

PMID- 1194208
TI  - Primary tuberculosis of stomach (a case report).

PMID- 1194209
TI  - Letter: Aetiology of splenomegaly.

PMID- 1194210
TI  - The Dubin Johnson syndrome (report of 9 cases).

PMID- 1194211
TI  - Some observations in the management of acute renal failure by massive intravenous
      frusemide therapy.

PMID- 1194212
TI  - Turner's syndrome--a clinical and cytogenetic study.

PMID- 1194213
TI  - Pacing in ventricular tachycardia.

PMID- 1194214
TI  - Galactosaemia--a combination of classical and Duarte variant in a family.

PMID- 1194215
TI  - Editorial: Furosemide in renal failure: scope & limitations.

PMID- 1194216
TI  - Editorial: Galactosaemia.

PMID- 1194217
TI  - Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (case report).

PMID- 1194218
TI  - Vitamin-D deficiency osteomalacia in Northern India.

PMID- 1194219
TI  - Some cogent observations on amoebic hepatopathies using radioactive rose bengal.

PMID- 1194220
TI  - Profile of cholestatic jaundice in Delhi: "a diagnostic appraisal".

PMID- 1194221
TI  - Prevalence of hepatitis associated antigen in blood donors at Kanpur.

PMID- 1194222
TI  - Study of bacterial pneumonias-evaluation of lung biopsy.

PMID- 1194223
TI  - Immunoglobulins in allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).

PMID- 1194224
TI  - A comparative study of serum calcium and magnesium in cases of endogenous
      depression, reactive depression schizophrenia and conversion reaction.

PMID- 1194226
TI  - Editorial: Lymphoreticular disorders.

PMID- 1194225
TI  - Hodgkin's disease (H.D.)--a study of 111 cases seen at Gujarat Cancer & Research
      Institute, Ahmedabad.

PMID- 1194227
TI  - Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (a case report).

PMID- 1194228
TI  - Neuroblastoma presenting as disseminated osseous metastasis (a case report).

PMID- 1194229
TI  - Effect of growth conditions on the activation and inactivation of citrate lyase
      of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa.
AB  - Cells of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa growing with citrate anaerobically in the
      light contained citrate lyase only in the acetylated, enzymatically active form
      of this enzyme. After exhaustion of citrate in the culture medium citrate lyase
      was deacetylated to yield the inactive sulfhydryl (HS) enzyme. Acetylation of HS
      citrate lyase required light, anaerobic conditions and the availability of
      citrate as substrate. The acetylation reaction already in progress stopped
      immediately when the culture was placed in the dark. Deacetylation of citrate
      lyase occurred anaerobically in the light when citrate was exhausted and under
      aerobic conditions in the presence or absence of citrate. In cells of R.
      gelatinosa fermenting citrate in the dark neither the acetylating enzyme nor the
      deacetylating enzyme was active.

PMID- 1194230
TI  - Metabolism of phenol and cresols by Bacillus stearothermophilus.
AB  - An obligate thermophilic strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus, strain PH24,
      isolated from industrial sediment by elective culture, grew readily at 55 C on
      phenol or on one of the isomers of cresol as the major carbon source. Intact
      cells grown in the presence of phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, or p-cresol were
      induced to oxidize, without lag, these substrates together with catechol, 3
      methylcatechol, and 4-methylcatechol. Cell extracts prepared from B.
      stearothermophilus PH24 after growth in the presence of phenol converted phenol
      to catechol with a concomitant uptake of 1 mol of oxygen per mol of substrate in
      reaction mixtures supplemented with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
      These preparations also catalyzed the oxidation of o-cresol to 3-methylcatechol
      and of m-cresol and p-cresol to 4-methylcatechol. Enzyme activity was inhibited
      by 1 mM p-chloromercuribenzoate and by 0.1 mM 0-phenanthroline. Catechol and the
      corresponding methylcatechol intermediates were further dissimilated by cell
      extracts of phenol-grown cells via the meta-cleavage route to yield 2
      hydroxymuconic semialdehyde and the respective methylated derivatives.

PMID- 1194231
TI  - Induction of citrate lyase in Enterobacter cloacae grown under aerated conditions
      and its effect on citrate metabolism.
AB  - Growth of Enterobacter cloacae on K+ citrate under aerated conditions (no
      detectable oxygen tension in the medium even though it was aerated) was slower
      (mean generation time, 130 min) than under aerobic conditions (mean generation
      time, 72 min), but with a faster utilization of citrate, resulting in a molar
      growth yield of 10.6 g (dry weight) of cells per mol of citrate utilized versus
      40 g (dry weight) of cells per mol of citrate utilized for aerobic growth. The
      rapid utilization of citrate under aerated conditions was apparently due to the
      induction of citrate lyase and was supported by the finding that cells excreted
      acetate and a small amount of oxalacetate under aerated conditions, but not under
      aerobic conditions when the cells were devoid of citrate lyase activity. The
      activity of oxalacetate decarboxylase in aerated cells was slightly lower than in
      aerobic cells, indicating that little of the oxalacetate produced by the citrate
      lyase was metabolized by the decarboxylase. Oxalacetate was probably metabolized
      by malate dehydrogenase, previously shown to be present in anaerobic and aerobic
      cells. Thus, about 70% of the citrate was cleaved by the citrate lyase, resulting
      in little or no production of energy for growth. The remaining citrate was
      metabolized via the citric acid cycle under aerated conditions, since the cells
      contained alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase at the same level as in aerobically
      grown cells. The presence of the other enzymes of the cycle was shown in earlier
      studies.

PMID- 1194232
TI  - Analysis of the cell wall and lipopolysaccharide of Spirillum serpens.
AB  - Isolated walls of Spirillum serpens VHA contained lipid, lipopolysaccharide, and
      protein in amounts similar to those of other gram-negative organisms. The loosely
      bound lipids consisted mainly of phosphatidylethanolamine, lyso
      phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol.
      Lipopolysaccharide was tightly bound to the wall and could only be removed in a
      substantial amount after digestion of the wall with Pronase. The
      lipopolysaccharide contained L-glycero-D-mannoheptose, rhamnose, glucosamine,
      ethanolamine, and phosphate in common with many of the lipopolysaccharides
      isolated from the Enterobacteriaceae. However, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid was not
      detected. Several unidentified sugars were present. The fatty acid composition
      resembled that found in lipopolysaccharides isolated from various pseudomonads.
      Two major regions were identified in the polysaccharide moiety, one apparently
      corresponding to the core polysaccharide and the other corresponding to the side
      chain polysaccharide as in enterobacterial and pseudomonad lipopolysaccharides.
      The side chains were obtained as low-molecular-weight material and their
      structure was partially elucidated by the isolation and partial characterization
      of N-acetylglucosaminyl-(1 leads to 4)-rhamnose.

PMID- 1194233
TI  - Characterization of neutral amino acid transport in a marine pseudomonad.
AB  - The transport of neutral amino acids in marine pseudomonad B-16 (ATCC 19855) has
      been investigated. From patterns of competitive inhibition, mutant analysis, and
      kinetic data, two active transport systems with overlapping substrate
      specificities were distinguished and characterized. One system (DAG) served
      glycine, D-alanine, D-serine, and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) and, to a
      lesser extent, L-alanine and possibly other related neutral D- and L-amino acids.
      The other system (LIV) showed high stereospecificity for neutral amino acids with
      the L configuration and served primarily to transport L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L
      valine, and L-alanine. This system exhibited low affinity for alpha
      aminoisobutyric acid. Neither system was able to recognize structural analogues
      with modified alpha-amino or alpha-carboxyl groups. The kinetic parameters for L
      alanine transport by the DAG and LIV systems were determined with appropriate
      mutants defective in either system. For L-alanine, Kt values of 4.6 X 10(-5) and
      1.9 X 10(-4) M and Vmax values of 6.9 and 20.8 nmol/min per mg of cell dry weight
      were obtained for transport via the DAG and LIV systems respectively. alpha
      Aminoisobutyric acid transport heterogeneity was also resolved with the mutants,
      and Kt values of 2.8 X 10(-5) and 1.4 X 10(-3) M AIB were obtained for transport
      via the DAG and LIV systems, respectively. Both systems required Na+ for activity
      (0.3 M Na+ optimal) and in this regard are distinguished from systems of similar
      substrate specificity reported in nonmarine bacteria.

PMID- 1194234
TI  - Characterization of a naturally occurring diamine auxotroph of Veillonella
      alcalescens.
AB  - Veillonella alcalescens strain ATCC 17745 was shown to require putrescine or
      cadaverine for growth. None of the other compounds tried, including magnesium and
      spermidine, were able to substitute for the diamines. Studies with labeled
      diamines showed that spermidine was made from putrescine in this organism. A
      polyamine analogous to spermidine, but made from cadaverine, was not found. A
      combination of growth experiments and chemical assays suggested that protein
      synthesis was limited in diamine-starved cells. Protein synthesis occurred prior
      to nucleic acid synthesis when putrescine was added to starved cells.

PMID- 1194235
TI  - On the question of integration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens deoxyribonucleic acid
      by tomato plants.
AB  - Treatment of tomato plants with Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes subsequently
      administered [3H]thymidine to be preferentially incorporated into a satellite
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) whose buoyant density is between that of bacterial
      DNA (rho = 1.718 g/cm3) and plant main band DNA (rho = 1.692 g/cm3). Satellite
      DNA upon shearing or sonic treatment releases fragments of higher and lower
      buoyant density, as reported by earlier investigators. The satellite has no
      significant base sequence homology with A. tumefaciens DNA, for its rate of
      reassociation is not accelerated by the addition of high concentrations of the
      latter. Tomato DNA isolated from shoots or from leaf nuclei accelerates
      renaturation of labeled satellite DNA. We conclude that the intermediate density
      labeled DNA is a plant satellite and not the product of covalent joining of
      bacterial and plant DNA as suggested by earlier investigators.

PMID- 1194236
TI  - Lipid metabolism during bacterial growth, sporulation, and germination:
      differential synthesis of individual branched- and normal-chain fatty acids
      during spore germination and outgrowth of Bacillus thuringiensis.
AB  - The biosynthesis of individual branched- and normal-chain fatty acids during
      Bacillus thuringiensis spore germination and outgrowth was studied by comparing
      pulsed and continuous labeling of these fatty acids with [U-14C]acetate. The
      relative specific activity of each fatty acid varies with time as the cell
      progresses through outgrowth. However, fatty acid synthesis does occur in two
      distinct phases. Upon germination, acetate is incorporated only into the iso
      isomers i-C13, i-C14, and i-C16; no normal or anteiso synthesis occurs.
      Subsequent to T30, the full complement of branched- and normal-chain homologues
      is formed and there is a dramatic enhancement in the overall rate of fatty acid
      synthesis. Significantly, this rate increase coincides with a marked shift from
      the synthesis of short-chain to long-chain fatty acids. These findings illustrate
      a dichotomy in synthesis that may result from initial fatty acid formation by
      preexisting spore fatty acid biosynthetic enzymes in the absence of de novo
      protein synthesis. Elucidation of the timing and kinetics of individual fatty
      acid formation provides a biochemical profile of activities directly related to
      membrane differentiation and cellular development.

PMID- 1194237
TI  - Physiological consequences of starvation in Pseudomonas putida: degradation of
      intracellular protein and loss of activity of the inducible enzymes of L-arginine
      catabolism.
AB  - We investigated the degradation of radioisotopically labeled intracellular
      protein in starved, intact cells of Pseudomonas putida P2 (ATCC 25571) and the
      regulation of this process. Intracellular protein isotopically labeled with L
      [4,5-3H]leucine during log-phase growth at 30 C is degraded at rates of 1 to 2%/h
      in log-phase cells and 7 to 9%/h in starved cells. Rifampin, chloramphenicol, and
      tosyllysine chloromethylketone lower the rate of protein degradation by starved
      cells. Addition to starved cells of a nutrient upon which the culture is induced
      for growth rapidly lowers the rate of protein degradation from 7 to 9%/h to less
      than 1.5%/h. A nutrient that is oxidized but that cannot immediately support
      growth also lowers the rate of starvation-induced protein degradation.
      Proteolytic activity of cell extracts requires a divalent metal ion and may be
      inhibited up to 60% by tosyllysine chloromethylketone or p-toluenesulfonyl
      fluoride. Rifampin and chloramphenicol have no effect. In contrast to intact
      cells, extracts of growing or starving cells degrade protein at equivalent rates.
      We also investigated the stabilities of the inducible transport system and of
      four inducible intracellular enzymes of L-arginine catabolism. These include: the
      membrane-associated, L-arginine-specific transport system; L-arginine oxidase
      (oxidase); alpha-ketoarginine decarboxylase (decarboxylase); gamma
      guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase ( dehydrogenase); and gamma
      guanidinobutyrate amidinohydrolase (hydrolase). In starved cells, the rates of
      loss of activities were: transport and dehydrogenase activities, stable; oxidase
      and decarboxylase activities, 20 to 30%/h; hydrolase activity, 5 to 8%/h.
      Chloramphenicol decreases the rate of loss of oxidase, decarboxylase, and
      hydrolase activity, whereas p-toluenesulfonyl fluoride lowers the rate of loss of
      decarboxylase but not of oxidase or hydrolase activity. Addition to starved cells
      of a nutrient for which they are already induced for growth (e.g., malate, a
      noninducer of arginine catabolic enzymes) decreases the rate of loss of oxidase
      and decarboxylase activity but not that of the hydrolase.

PMID- 1194238
TI  - Alternative routes of aromatic catabolism in Pseudomonas acidovorans and
      Pseudomonas putida: gallic acid as a substrate and inhibitor of dioxygenases.
AB  - When 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (homoprotocatechuic acid) was added to
      Pseudomonase acidovorans growing at the expense of succinate, enzymes required
      for degrading homoprotocatechuate to pyruvate and succinate semialdehyde were
      strongly induced. These enzymes were effectively absent from cell extracts of the
      organism grown with 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and this substrate was
      metabolized by the catabolic enzymes of the homogentisate pathway. Two separate
      ring-fission dioxygenases for 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (gallic acid) were
      present in cell extracts of Pseudomonas putida when grown with syringic acid, and
      gallate was degraded by reactions associated with meta fission. One of the two
      gallate dioxygenases also attacked 3-O-methylgallic acid; the other, which did
      not, was induced when cells were exposed to gallate. This organism possessed
      ortho fission enzymes, including protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.3)
      and cis,cis-carboxymuconate-lactonizing enzyme (EC 5.5.1.2), after induction with
      3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (protocatechuic acid). Gallate was a substrate for
      protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, with a Vmax about 3% of that of protocatechuate
      and with an apparent Km slightly lower. Gallate was a powerful competitive
      inhibitor of protocatechuate oxidation.

PMID- 1194239
TI  - Detection and quantitation of Staphylococcus aureus penicillinase plasmid
      deoxyribonucleic acid by reassociation kinetics.
AB  - The quantity of penicillinase plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in various
      strains of Staphylococcus aureus has been determined by DNA-DNA reassociation
      kinetics. Specifically, 32P- or 125I-labeled denatured probes of purified plasmid
      DNA were reassociated in the presence of denatured DNAs isolated from the
      bacterial strains in question. The number of plasmid copies per cell was
      calculated from the effect of the latter nucleic acid samples on the
      reassociation rate of the radiolabeled probe. Among the S. aureus strains
      examined were monoplasmid, diplasmid and replication-defective representatives,
      and the effect of temperature on wild-type plasmid content was also investigated.

PMID- 1194240
TI  - Nucleic acid hybridization analysis of an integrated plasmid in Staphylococcus
      aureus.
AB  - A series of studies were performed on a Staphylococcus aureus strain thought to
      contain a pencillinase plasmid integrated into the host chromosome. Reassociation
      kinetics analysis of whole-cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the presence of
      pure radioactive plasmid DNA revealed that plasmid-specific sequences were
      present at about 1 copy per chromosome equivalent as compared to 3.6 copies for
      the same plasmid in its autonomous state. Consistent with this observation was
      the finding that penicillinase activity was lower for the former strain than for
      the latter. It was shown further that the plasmid-specific sequences cosedimented
      on neutral sucrose gradients with fragments of whole-cell DNA many times larger
      than the plasmid. These two findings were taken as strongly confirmatory of the
      integrated state. Analysis of whole-cell ribonucleic acid for the presence of
      plasmid-specific messengers revealed that these were present in approximately the
      amounts expected on the basis of the DNA study.

PMID- 1194241
TI  - Mannitol transport in Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - A hexitol-inducible, phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system was
      demonstrated in Streptococcus mutans. Cell-free extracts obtained from mannitol
      grown cells from a representative strain of each of the five S. mutans serotypes
      (AHT, BHT, C-67-1, 6715, and LM7) were capable of converting mannitol to mannitol
      1-phosphate by a reaction which required phosphoenolpyruvate and Mg2+. Mannitol
      and sorbitol phosphotransferase activities were found in cell-free extracts
      prepared from cells grown on the respective substrate, but neither hexitol
      phosphotransferase activity was present in extracts obtained from cells grown on
      other substrates examined. A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight component was
      partially purified from glucose-grown cells and found to stimulate the mannitol
      phosphotransferase system. Divalent cations Mn2+ and Ca2+ partially replaced
      Mg2+, while Zn2+ was found to be highly inhibitory.

PMID- 1194242
TI  - Lipid-phase transitions of the strictly anaerobic bacteria Veillonella parvula
      and Anaerovibrio lipolytica.
AB  - As a basis for physicochemical studies on the membranes of the strictly anaerobic
      bacteria Veillonella parvula, Anaerovibrio lipolytica, and Megasphaera elsdenii,
      the fatty acyl and alk-1-enyl moieties on the phosphoglycerides of these organism
      were characterized. Uncommon is the high proportion of a heptadecenoic acyl and
      alk-1-enyl moiety in these three lactate-fermenting bacteria. In contrast to V.
      parvula and A. lipolytica, M. elsdenii contains high amounts of branched-chain
      acyl and alk-1-enyl moieties. Freeze-etching electron microscopy showed that the
      lipids of the plasma membranes of V. parvula and A. lipolytica go from the liquid
      crystalline to the gel state upon lowering of the temperature, indicating that
      the membrane lipids are predominantly in the fluid state. No lipid-protein
      segregation could be detected in the plasma membrane of M. elsdenii. This can be
      explained by the abundance of branched-chain fatty acyl and alk-1-enyl residues
      in the membranes of this organism which may prevent lipid-protein segregation
      during the lipid-phase transition.

PMID- 1194243
TI  - Surface arrays on the cell wall of Spirillum metamorphum.
AB  - A complex and easily disrupted arrangement of macromolecules was present on the
      outer (lipopolysaccharide) membrane of the cell wall of Spirillum metamorphum.
      Separation of the arrays from the cell and spontaneous reassembly into regularly
      structured complexes usually occurred during preparation for electron microscopy.
      Freeze etchings, thin sections, and optical diffraction analysis of negatively
      stained fragments indicated that they consisted of two sets of a thin layer which
      was studied with 3-nm particles arranged in a loose (OL). The OSL consisted of a
      hexagonal arrangement of 8-nm disks and the OL of a thin layer which was studied
      with 3-nm particles arranged in a loose rectangular manner. The OSL of
      reassembled fragments displayed numerous broken delta-linkers between units and a
      center-to-center spacing of half the expected distance, which suggests that an
      interdigitation of two OSL arrays had occurred. The observations combined with
      freeze etchings and thin sections of whole cells suggested a possible reassembly
      mechanism. The normal surface arrangement of these layers on cells was thought to
      consist of the OL overlying one set of OSL which was loosely adherent to a thin
      amorphous backing layer.

PMID- 1194244
TI  - Yeast plasma membrane vesicles suitable for transport studies.
AB  - Isolated yeast plasma membrane vesicles demonstrate a permeability barrier toward
      K(+) and glucose. Influx and efflux of glucose are inhibited by UO(2) (2+) ions.

PMID- 1194245
TI  - Ultrastructure of crossbands in prosthecae of Asticcacaulis species.
AB  - Triton X-treated prosthecae from Asticcacaulis excentricus and A. biprosthecum
      were sonicated and examined with a electron microscope. Crossbands had a
      substructure of concentric rings and were digested by lysozyme.

PMID- 1194246
TI  - Esterase activity during the life cycle of Blastocladiella emersonii.
AB  - Total esterase activity was measured in extracts on Blastocladiella throughout
      its life cycle by the degradation of alpha-naphthyl acetate. A fivefold incease
      in activity, apparently due to the synthesis of new enzymes, was found during
      sporulation.

PMID- 1194247
TI  - Isolation and chemcial properties of A-protein from filamentous phage Fd.
AB  - A-Protein was isolated from a purified male-specific filamentous phage fd
      particle. A-Protein has a molecular weight of approximately 60,000 daltons, as
      estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl
      sulfate. The amino-terminal residue was glycine as determined by the dansylation
      technique. Amino acid analysis showed that histidine, arginine, and cysteine,
      which are not contained in B-protein, are present in A-protein.

PMID- 1194248
TI  - A nucleoside triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease from Bacillus laterosporus.
      The mode of action of the enzyme.
AB  - The acid-soluble products of exhaustive digestion of native DNA with Bacillus
      laterosporus DNase consist of 6.5% of mononucleotides and 93.5% of
      oligonucleotides with an average chain length of 3.2. The results of viscometric
      studies and inactivation of transforming DNA indicate the existence of acid
      insoluble intermediates and the selective degradation of the population of
      substrate molecules rather than a  random nucleolytic action. Furthermore,
      sucrose density gradient analysis of  partially digested DNA showed that the
      initial DNA added as a substrate disappeared progressively during the reaction,
      being replaced by much more slowly sedimenting acid-insoluble materials, which
      were eventually degraded into acid-soluble end products during the reaction;
      products intermediate in size between these two components were not detectable.
      Studies with DNA labeled at the 3'-terminus indicate that Bacillus laterosporus
      DNase does not attack DNA from 3'-hydroxyl ends to  yeild acid-soluble or acid
      insoluble materials in a random manner. The results presented in this paper
      indicate that the nature of the attack of B. laterosporus nuclease is similar to
      that previously proposed for Micrococcus luteus DNase. The possibility of the
      sequential release of acid-insoluble intermediate fragments as well as acid
      soluble products from the terminal portion of DNA by the enzyme is discussed.

PMID- 1194249
TI  - Purification properties and subunit composition of pig heart lipoate
      acetyltransferase.
AB  - Lipoate acetyltransferase [acetyl-CoA: dihydrolipoate S-acetyl-transferase, EC
      2.3.1.12], the core enzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, has been highly
      purified by gel chromatography on Sepharose 6B and sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation in the presence of potassium iodide. The native enzyme has a
      sedimentation coefficient (S020,W) of 26.7S and a diffusion coefficient (D020,W)
      of 1.25 x 10(-7) cm2.-sec-1. The weight-average molecular weight was estimated to
      be 1.8 million from the sedimentation equilibrium data. The content of right
      handed alpha helix in the enzyme molecule was estimated to be about 25% by
      optical rotatory dispersion and about 22% from the circular dichroism spectra.
      The enzyme was found to contain about 23 moles of protein-bound lipoic acid per
      mole of enzyme; some other properties are also reported. Lipoate
      acetyltransferase dissociated to yield a single subunit with a molecular weight
      of 74,000 as estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl
      sulfate and by gel filtration on Bio-Gel in 6 M guanidine-HCl. The molecular
      weight was also estimated to be 74,000 from sedimentation equilibrium data in 6 M
      guanidine-HCl] containing 0.1 M 2-mercaptoethanol. Evidence is presented that 1
      molecule of lipoate acetyltransferase apparently consists of 24 very similar
      subunits, each of which contains NH2-terminal alanine. Each subunit contains 1
      molecule of covalently bound lipoic acid.

PMID- 1194250
TI  - Preparation and chemical characterization of the three chains of the major
      hemoglobin of the sea snake, Pelamis platurus.
AB  - One of the 2 main hemoglobins of the sea snake Pelamis platurus, (the Yellow
      bellied sea snake) comprising about 70% of the total hemoglobin, was separated by
      DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography. From results of gel filtration and iron
      content determination, both intact sea snake hemoglobin, and the isolated major
      hemoglobin, were concluded to be composed of 4 subunits with a molecular weight
      of 66,000-67,000 daltons. Separation of the chains of globin of the major
      hemoglobin by CM 52 column chromatography gave 3 peaks, named, chains a, b, and
      c. The approximate molecular weights of chains a, b, and c were deduced by SDS
      gel electrophoresis to be 14,000, 16,000, and 20,000 daltons, respectively. The
      peptide maps  and amino acid compositions of the three chains were distinctly
      different. N-Terminal and C-terminal amino acid sequence studies reveal that
      chains a, b, and c represented the alpha-chain, beta-chain, and beta'-chain
      differing from the normal beta-chain in having a C-terminal sequence of -Arg-Leu
      His-Tyr. From the peak areas of the 3 chains obtained by CM 52 column
      chromatography, and the peak sizes of the 3 bands separated by SDS gel
      electrophoresis, it was concluded that the sea snake hemoglobin is composed of a
      hybrid tetramer, alpha2betabeta'.

PMID- 1194251
TI  - Analysis of macromolecule-macromolecule interactions by the moving boundary
      method.
AB  - A constituent velocity equation has been derived which permits analysis of
      macromolecule (P)--macromolecule (A) interactions in which a number of complexes,
      PA, PA2, PA3,---,PAn, are in rapid equilibrium. In previous treatments, it was
      assumed that the velocity of complex PAi (i = 1,2,3,---,n) increased linearly
      with i, an assumption limiting the validity of the resulting equation. In the
      present treatment, the velocity of PAi is expressed in the form of a polynomial
      function in i and a generalized equation has been formulated.

PMID- 1194252
TI  - Structural determination of glucans from Streptococcus mutans JC-2 (dental caries
      bacterium) by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance.
AB  - The 13C NMR spectra of glucans from Streptococcus mutans JC-2 show that those
      glucans have alpha-(1,3) and alpha-(1,6) linkages.

PMID- 1194253
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the state of water in protein
      solution.
AB  - The line width of the NMR signal of water protons in solutions of native
      actomyosin and actomyosin denatured by heat, acetone or urea was measured over
      the temperature range from -10 degrees to below the freezing point. The line
      widths of the water band which increased exponentially with decreasing
      temperature were compared with each other and also with those of the
      corresponding control solution without actomyosin. The line broadening observed
      for native actomyosin solution on lowering the temperature was significantly
      smaller than that for heat-denatured actomyosin solution. This difference implies
      that this signal is sensitive to conformational perturbations of the protein. In
      addition, the temperature dependence of the line width for heat-, acetone-, or
      urea-denatured actomyosin solution was similar to that for the corresponding
      control solution. These phenomena can be interpreted in terms of the state of
      water associated with the hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues. Similar NMR
      studies of actomyosin solution containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or
      dimethylformamide (DMF) showed that DMSO and DMF prevent the formation of ice
      crystals until about -70 degrees, suggesting that the cryoprotective effects of
      DMSO and DMF are due to the change in the state of water described above. These
      differences in temperature dependence between the sample and control solutions
      are well-correlated with the viscosity of the solution. This correlation is
      useful for elucidation of the mechanism of the protein denaturation.

PMID- 1194254
TI  - Non-polymerizable tropomyosin and control of the superprecipitation of
      actomyosin.
AB  - Non-polymerizable tropomyosin was prepared by the digestion of several C-terminal
      residues of tropomyosin with carboxypeptidase A [EC 3.4.12.2]. The intrinsic
      viscosity and molecular weight of the non-polymerizable tropomyosin were almost
      the same as those of untreated tropomyosin. Like untreated tropomyosin, the non
      polymerizable tropomyosin in combination with troponin repressed the
      superprecipitation of actomyosin in the absence of calcium, while this repression
      was released by addition of calcium. However, the curve representing the
      superprecipitation rate as a function of pCa was less steep than that found with
      actomyosin containing untreated tropomyosin: in the former case, the rate
      increased to a plateau over about 2 pCa units, while in the latter case, it did
      so over about 1 pCa unit. These experimental results provide evidence that the
      "co-operation" in the regulation mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction, which
      is indicated by the steep curve of the contraction versus pCa relation, is
      mediated by tropomyosin-tropomyosin interaction along the thin filament.

PMID- 1194255
TI  - Calcium-induced conformational changes and mutual interactions of troponin
      components as studied by spin labeling.
AB  - The three troponin components, TN-C, TN-I, and TN-T, were spin-labeled with two
      different derivatives of the nitroxide radical, a maleimide and an imidazole
      reagent. The ESR spectra of various combinations of labeled and unlabeled
      components were measured both in the presence and absence of calcium.
      Conformational changes due to the binding of the components and also due to the
      binding of calcium were sensitively detected in many combinations as large
      changes in the spectrum. The conformation of TN-C was modified by both TN-T and
      TN-I. The effects were larger in the presence of calcium than in its absence. In
      the presence of calcium, TN-T and TN-I both showed large effects with the
      maleimide label, while TN-I showed a larger effect than TN-T with the imidazole
      label. In the absence of calcium, the effect of TN-I was larger than that of TN
      T. The senstivitiy of TN-C to calcium was magnified by component binding, since
      the conformation of TN-C itself was not greatly affected by calcium. The
      conformation of TN-I was greatly altered only in the presence of both TN-C and
      calcium. This indicates that the calcium-induced conformational change in TN-C is
      transmitted to the adjacent TN-I. In reconstituted troponin, the conformation of
      TN-C was more influenced by TN-I in the presence of calcium and by TN-T in its
      absence as indicated by the imidazole label. With the maleimide label, TN-I was
      more influential in the absence of calcium. The effect of calcium on the troponin
      complex was to make the local environment of the label more rigid. The half
      maximal effect was observed at 2 X 10(-6)M calcium with TN-I in various
      complexes, while it was 10(-5)M with TN-C in the complexes. In any case the
      calcium effects became discernible at 10(-6)M and saturated at 10(-4)M.

PMID- 1194256
TI  - Stereochemical aspects of the biosynthesis of the epimeric cyanogenic glucosides
      dhurrin and taxiphyllin.
AB  - Dhurrin, I ((S)-p-hydroxymandelonitrile-beta-D-glucopyranoside), and taxiphyllin,
      II (the (R) epimer), occur in the genera Sorghum and Taxus, respectively. Both
      derive biosynthetically from L-tyrosine via the hydroxylation of p
      hydroxyphenylacetonitrile, III. (3R)- and (3S)-L-[3-3H1]tyrosine, prepared by
      enzymic hydroxylation of the corresponding phenylalanines, were fed separately to
      shoots from sorghum seedlings (Sorghum bicolor (Linn) Moench) and cuttings from
      Japanese Yew (Taxus cuspidata Sieb. and Zucc.) and the appropriate cyanogenic
      glycoside was isolated (I or II). The fraction of the 3H conserved in I and II
      was calculated from both parallel feeding and 3H:14C double labeling experiments.
      The results for II were the reverse of I. Both hydroxylations of III, which give
      rise to the enantiomeric products (S)- and (R)-p-hydroxymandelonitrile, occurred
      with retention of configuration. The retention mode is characteristic of
      hydroxylations at aliphatic carbons catalyzed by mixed function oxidases.

PMID- 1194257
TI  - Reactions at prochiral centers. Interdependence in the estimation of enzyme
      stereospecificity toward prochiral centers and the configurational purity of
      labeled substrates.
AB  - In many enzymic reactions one or the other hydrogen is released from a prochiral
      center abCH2. To determine the stereospecificity with respect to such centers
      under nonreversal conditions a substrate with a chiral center abC1HH is employed
      (H = 3H or 2H). Assuming the simplest possible model, the R specificity of an
      enzyme or enzyme system (eR) may be defined in terms of the configurational R
      purity of the substrate with respect to the labeled center (pR), and the fraction
      of H released (r) or conserved (l - r) during the reaction by the equation eR =
      [(l - r) -pR]/[1 - 2pR]. Where r is constant, this is a rectangular hyperbola.
      The apparent stereospecificity calculated with this equation serves as a
      characteristic of the experimental system irrespective of the assumed model. The
      problems arising from direct isotope effects are discussed and the theoretical
      advantages of using product 3H:14C ratios under low conversion conditions noted.
      Applications of the equation to the determination of configurational purity at
      labeled centers, to the study of stereospecificity in enzymes and enzyme systems,
      and to the study of the biosynthesis of natural products are discussed.

PMID- 1194258
TI  - Effect of glucocorticoids on the glucose transport system of isolated fat cells.
AB  - Glucocorticoids inhibit glucose utilization by fat cells. The possibility that
      this effect results from altered glucose transport was investigated using an oil
      centrifugation technique which allows a rapid (within 45 s) estimation of glucose
      or 3-O-methylglucose uptake by isolated fat cells. At high concentration (greater
      than 25 muM), dexamethasone inhibited glucose uptake within 1 min of its addition
      to fat cells. Efflux of 3-O-methylglucose was also impaired by 0.1 mM
      dexamethasone. However, diminished glucose uptake was not a specific effect of
      glucocorticoids; high concentrations (0.1 mM) of 17beta-estradiol, progesterone,
      and deoxycorticosterone produced a similar response in adipocytes. At a more
      physiologic steroid concentration (0.1 muM), glucocorticoids inhibited glucose
      uptake in a time-dependent manner (maximum effect in 1 to 2 hours). This effect
      was specific for glucocorticoids since, under these conditions, glucose uptake
      was not changed by the non-glucocorticoid steroids. Lineweaver-Burk analysis
      showed that 0.1 muM dexamethasone treatment produced a decrease in Vmax for
      glucose uptake but did not change the Ku. Hexokinase activity and ATP levels were
      not altered by this treatment, suggesting that processes involved in glucose
      phosphorylation were not affected. Dexamethasone treatment also caused a
      reduction in uptake of 3-O-methylglucose when assayed using a low sugar
      concentration (0.1 mM). At a high concentration (10 mM), uptake of the methyl
      sugar was only slightly less than normal in treated cells. Stimulation by insulin
      markedly enhanced uptake of glucose and 3-O-methylglucose by both treated and
      untreated cells. At a low hexose concentration (0.1 mM) and in the presence of
      insulin, sugar uptake by dexamethasone-treated cells was slightly less than
      control cells. Stimulation by insulin did however completely overcome the
      alteration in hexose uptake when larger concentrations of sugars (greater than 5
      mM) were used. There was no detectable change in total protein synthesis during
      incubation of fat cells with dexamethasone. However, actinomycin C blocked the
      inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on glucose uptake. Cycloheximide, which caused
      a small inhibition in glucose uptake, prevented the full expression of the
      inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on glucose transport. These results indicate
      that dexamethasone alters the facilitated transport of glucose and, secondly,
      suggest that synthesis of RNA and protein is needed for glucocorticoid action.

PMID- 1194259
TI  - The steady state concentrations of coenzyme A-SH and coenzyme A thioester,
      citrate, and isocitrate during tricarboxylate cycle oxidations in rabbit heart
      mitochondria.
AB  - The steady state mitochondrial content of coenzyme A-SH (CoA), acetyl-CoA,
      succinyl-CoA, and long chain acyl-CoA has been determined during the oxidation of
      palmitoylcarnitine by rabbit heart mitochondria. Variation of the substrate
      concentration during ADP-stimulated (state 3) respiration varies the
      mitochondrial content of long chain acyl-CoA and the rate of O2 uptake, and
      permits the conclusion that the Km of beta oxidation for intramitochondrial long
      chain acyl-CoA is approximately 1 nmol/mg of mitochondrial protein. At near
      saturating concentrations of palmitoylcarnitine, plus L-malate, the addition of
      ADP causes a decrease in acetyl-CoA, an increase in CoA and succinyl-CoA, and no
      clear change in long chain acyl-CoA content. These changes reverse upon the
      depletion of ADP (state 3 leads to 4 transition). Similar changes in CoA, acetyl
      CoA, and succinyl-CoA are seen during state 4 leads to 3 leads to 4 transitions
      with pyruvate plus L-malate and octanoate plus L-malate as substrates. These
      results suggest a limitation of flux by citrate synthase during the controlled
      oxidation of these three substrates. The ratio acetyl-CoA/succinyl-CoA was
      determined not only during state 3 and state 4 oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine
      plus L-malate and pyruvate plus L-malate, but also during intermediate
      respiratory states (state 3 1/2) generated by adding glucose and varying amounts
      of hexokinase. These intermediate states are characterized by a high succinyl-CoA
      content, relative to either state 3 or state 4, and a suboptimal flux through
      citrate synthase, estimated either by pyruvate disappearance or by O2 uptake.

PMID- 1194260
TI  - Mammalian DNA ligases. Serological evidence for two separate enzymes.
AB  - Mammalian cells contain two DNA ligase activities with different chromatographic
      properties, referred to as DNA ligase I and II. The major ligase activity present
      in calf thymus cell extracts, DNA ligase I, has been purified 1000-fold. After
      repeated injections of this enzyme with complete Freund's adjuvant into a rabbit,
      antibodies were induced that inhibit DNA ligase I from calf, human, mouse, and
      rabbit tissues. This antiserum did not affect DNA ligase II from the same sources
      to a detectable extent, even at a concentration 10-fold higher than that required
      for 98% inhibition of DNA ligase I. These data strongly indicate that the two
      mammalian DNA ligase activities are due to two separate enzymes, and not to two
      forms of the same enzyme. Both enzymes are present in the nuclear fraction, but
      are also found in the cytoplasmic fraction. Rapidly dividing cells (mouse ascites
      tumor cells and calf thymus) contain higher amounts of DNA ligase I than other
      cells (calf liver and spleen, human placenta, and rabbit spleen), while no such
      correlation was observed for DNA ligase II.

PMID- 1194261
TI  - Metal and metal-ATP interactions with brain and cardiac adenylate cyclases.
AB  - Metal (Me) and MeATP interactions with adenylate cyclases associated with rabbit
      ventricular particles and with a detergent-dispersed preparation from rat
      cerebellum have been studied. data were simulated to fit kinetic models in which
      an inhibitor (HATP or ATP) is added in constant proportion to the variable
      substrate (MeATP). The specific models considered were that the enzyme binds (a)
      MeATP as the substrate; (b) MeATP as the substrate and HATP or ATP as an
      inhibitor; (c) MeATP as the substrate and free Me as an activator; and (d) MeATP
      as the substrate, free Me as an activator, and HATP or ATP as an inhibitor. Both
      equilibrium-ordered and random (rapid equilibrium assumption) types of sequential
      kinetic models were considered. The various models were tested using cardiac
      particulate adenylate cyclase in the presence of either a phosphoenolpyruvate
      pyruvate kinase or a creatine phosphate-creatine kinase ATP-regeneration system.
      Although the enzyme with either system appeared to bind Mg2+ as an activator, one
      or both ATP-regeneration systems also seemed to interact directly with adenylate
      cyclase, making clear interpretations difficult. With the phosphoenolpyruvate
      pyruvate kinase system, kinetic patterns on double reciprocal plots were linear
      as a function of MgATP, but with creatine phosphate-creatine kinase, kinetic
      patterns were concave downward. The kinetic models were further tested using the
      detergent-dispersed cerebellar enzyme, a preparation with low adenosine
      triphosphatase activity and not requiring the addition of an ATP-regeneration
      system. Reciprocal plots were linear and intersecting as a function of either
      MeATP or Me (Me = Mg2+ or Mn2+), and secondary replots of slopes and intersecting
      as function of either MeATP or Me (Me = Mg2+ or Mn2+), and secondary replots of
      slopes and intercepts also were linear. These data indicate that the brain
      detergent-dispersed enzyme conforms to a bireactant, sequential mechanism where
      free cation is a required activator and free ATP is not a potent inhibitor.

PMID- 1194262
TI  - Methylated basic amino acid composition of histones from the various organs from
      the rat.
AB  - Newborn rats received 5 muCi each of [3H]lysine and [methyl-14C]methionine/g body
      weight. They were killed 10 days later and the nuclei prepared from the kidneys,
      liver, cerebrum, cerebellum, and thymus. The five major histones were extracted
      from these nuclei by the method of Johns and further purified on Bio-Gel P-10.
      The histones were hydrolyzed and the basic amino acids fractionated on Beckman PA
      35 resin. Only the F3 and Fia1 histones contained any significant amounts of
      methylated amino acid residues as measured by chemical or radiological assay. The
      product of methylation of F2a1 was predominantly dimethyllysine with trace
      quantities of monomethyllysine detectable in rapidly proliferating tissue. The
      products of methylation of F3 were mono-, di-, and trimethyllysine in an
      approximate molar ratio of 0.55:1.0:0.35. This ratio did not vary significantly
      in the F3 histones prepared from the different organs. No methylarginine or
      methylhistidine was detected in any of the histones prepared from the five
      organs. The total amount of dimethyllysine in F2a1 from the different organs of
      adult rats was approximately 2.0 mol/mol of polypeptide. It appears that the
      distribution of methyl groups on the lysyl residues in the F3 and F2a1 histones
      from the different organs is similar and does not contribute to tissue
      heterogeneity.

PMID- 1194263
TI  - Nonenzymic reactivation of reduced bovine pancreatic ribonuclease by air
      oxidation and by glutathione oxidoreduction buffers.
AB  - With the glutathione system that leads to rapid regeneration of reduced lysozyme
      (Saxena, V. P., and Wetlaufer, D. B. (1971) Biochemistry 9, 5015), reduced
      pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase) regenerated activity in high yield (greater than
      90%) but at a considerably lower rate (t1/2 approximately 75 min). Systematic
      examination of the effects upon regeneration of the concentrations and ratios of
      reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) showed the same broad optima for
      RNase as were earlier found for lysozyme: [GSSG] = 5 X 10(-4) M, [GSH] = 5 X 10(
      3) M. Regeneration of reduced RNase by air oxidation was shown to be inhibitable
      by 10(-4) M EDTA, whereas the glutathione regeneration was unaffected by EDTA. In
      addition the air-oxidative regeneration showed a strong temperature dependence,
      in contrast with the glutathione system. The mechanisms of these two kinds of
      regenerations are therefore different. Six potentially catalytic metal ions were
      tested in the air-oxidative regeneration of RNase: Cu2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Zn2+,
      and Ni2+. Of these, only Cu2+ enhanced the rate of regeneration of RNase
      activity, although both Cu2+ and Co2+ catalyzed thioloxidation of reduced RNase.
      The rates and yields of RNase regenerations were independent of protein
      concentration from 3 X 10(-7) M to 1.2 X 10(-5) M in the glutathione system.
      Preincubation of freshly dissolved reduced RNase under nonoxidizing conditions
      before adding glutathione did not change the rate or extent of regeneration.
      Studies of its pH dependence showed that the glutathione regeneration depends on
      the deprotonation of prototropic groups with 7.5 less than pK less than 8.0. The
      major ion exchange chromatographic peaks from glutathione and air-oxidative
      regenerations appeared to be identical with native RNase, by the criteria of
      specific activity, chromatographic mobility, and circular dichroic spectra. The
      glutathione system permits regeneration at much higher RNase concentration than
      the air regeneration, with rates and yields comparable to the greatest reported
      for air regeneration.

PMID- 1194264
TI  - Purification and chemical properities of mouse liver lysosomal (L form) beta
      glucuronidase.
AB  - The lysosomal form (L form) of beta-glucuronidase was purified 6,500-fold from
      the liver of C57BL/6J mice with high yield. Purified enzyme was homogeneous as
      judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence or absence of sodium
      dodetcyl sulfate. The microsomal forms of beta-glucuronidase were spontaneously
      converted to the L form. The purified L form is a tetramer of molecular weight of
      280,000 to 300,000, composedd of four identical subunits of 75,000 molecular
      weight. The enzyme contains a high content of arginine and glutamic acid and a
      very low content of sulfur-containing amino acids. Approximately 7% of the enzyme
      molecule is compose of carbohydrate. Sugars in the L form are glucosamine,
      mannose, galactose, and glucose. Sialic acid and fucose are absent in the enzyme.

PMID- 1194265
TI  - Dissociation of aspartate aminotransferase into subunits. Effect of ligands upon
      this dissociation.
AB  - Frontal and zonal analysis of the chromatography of aspartate aminotransferase
      (EC2.61.1), pig heart cytosolic enzyme, on Bio-Gel P150 shows that holo- and
      apoenzyme can dissociate at pH 8.3. Ultracentrifugation and fluorescence
      depolarization confirm this result. Kinetic analysis of the fluorescence
      depolarization experiments favors a biphasic phenomenon: a few minutes for the
      faster one and several hours for the slower one. The apparent dissociation
      constant is 0.8 muM for the apoenzyme and 0.18 muM for the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
      form of the holoenzyme. In the presence of sucrose or 0.1 M L-aspartate or a
      mixture of 70 mM L-glutamate and 2 mM alpha-ketoglutarate, the holoenzyme is
      dimeric at concentrations higher than 5 nM. The addition of a mixture of the
      substrates L-glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate to a monomeric holoenzyme leads to
      dimerization. The stability of the dimeric form is in the order: holoenzyme +
      substrates greater than apoenzyme.

PMID- 1194266
TI  - Inhibition of human factor IXa by human antithrombin.
AB  - A procedure is presented for the purification of Factor IX from human plasma. The
      final product is homogeneous as judged by disc gel electrophoresis and sodium
      dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, it is completely free of other
      coagulation component activities. Factor IX is converted to its enzymatically
      active form by the addition of small quantities of Factor IXa in the presence of
      calcium ions. This activated species is added to purified antithrombin-heparin
      cofactor and the interaction is studied in the presence and absence of heparin.
      Antithrombin-heparin cofactor is found to be a progressive, time-dependent
      inhibitor of Factor IXa and neutralizes approximately 57% of this enzyme's
      proteolytic activity within 30 min. The addition of heparin dramatically
      accelerates the rate of this interaction with virtually complete inhibition of
      Factor IXa occurring within 15 s. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of
      reduced and nonreduced proteins indicates that antithrombin-heparin cofactor
      functions as a potent inhibitor of Factor IXa by forming an undissociable complex
      with the enzyme which is stable in the presence of denaturing or reducing agents
      (or both). This complex represents a 1:1 stoichiometric combination of enzyme and
      inhibitor. Heparin increases the rate of formation of this complex without
      affecting its dissociability or stoichiometry.

PMID- 1194267
TI  - Function of 5'-nucleotidase in the uptake of adenosine from AMP by human
      lymphocytes.
AB  - The function of 5'-nucleotidase in nucleoside uptake from AMP was investigated in
      human lymphocytes by comparing the transport in cells containing this enzyme
      (5'N+) with that in cells deficient in the activity (5'N-). The rate of adenosine
      and Pi uptake from AMP was 3.9-fold greater in the 5'N+ then in the 5'N-
      lymphocytes. There was no difference in transport between these cells when
      incubated with adenosine or Pi. These results indicate that phosphorylytic
      cleavage of AMP by 5'-nucleotidase is necessary for the uptake of the nucleotide
      and Pi moieties by the human lymphocyte.

PMID- 1194268
TI  - Proteins of the periodontium. Identification of collagens with the
      [alpha1(I)]2alpha2 and [alpha1(III)]3 structures in bovine periodontal ligament.
AB  - Insoluble collagen was prepared from bovine periodontal ligament. Isolation and
      characterization of CNBr peptides originating from the alpha1(I), alpha2, and
      alpha1(III) chains showed that the tissue contained both type I and type III
      collagens. Further evidence for the presence of type III collagen was obtained by
      the isolation of alpha1(III) chains from pepsin-treated ligament collagen, with
      properties similar to those of human alpha1(III) chains. Estimates based on the
      amounts of certain CNBr peptides indicated that about one-fifth of the collagen
      of periodontal ligament is type III, the remainder being type I collagen.

PMID- 1194269
TI  - Inhibition of transcription in vitro by a non-histone protein isolated from
      Ehrlich ascites tumor chromatin.
AB  - A non-histone protein has been isolated from Ehrlich ascites tumor chromatin. The
      minimum molecular weight of this non-histone protein, estimated by sodium dodecyl
      sulfate gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis, is approximately 10 to
      11,000. This non-histone protein is acidic, contains 2.7% alkalilabile
      phosphorus, binds to DNA, and inhibits transcription of DNA in vitro by the
      homologous RNA polymerase. The per cent inhibition of RNA synthesis is not
      affected by increasing amounts of RNA polymerase, but is reduced by addition of
      excess DNA. In the presence of the non-histone protein, incorporation of [gamma
      32P]ATP into RNA in the in vitro RNA synthesizing system is inhibited, with no
      apparent change in the average chain length of the RNA product. Inhibition of RNA
      synthesis is completely eliminated if the DNA template is allowed to interact
      with ATP prior to the addition of the non-histone protein. These results indicate
      that the observed repression of in vitro RNA synthesis is due to the effect of
      the non-histone protein on the DNA, inhibiting the initiation of RNA chain
      formation.

PMID- 1194270
TI  - Mechanism of KCN inhibition of photosystem I.
AB  - Experiments with chloroplasts and purified spinach plastocyanin suggest a
      mechanism for KCN inhibition of Photosystem I. KCN inhibition can be bypassed by
      a detergent or reversed by replacement of the inactive plastocyanin. KCN bleaches
      and inactivates purified plastocyanin. KCN releases copper from chloroplast
      membranes and from purified plastocyanin. Cyanide does not bind to the apoprotein
      produced when plastocyanin is treated with KCN, and KCN-produced apoplastocyanin
      has a N-ethylmaleimide-reactive sulfhydryl group not found in holoplastocyanin.
      Apoplastocyanin is not active in restoring Photosystem I activity to plastocyanin
      depleted membranes. Holoplastocyanin restores Photosystem I activities to
      plastocyanin-depleted membranes prepared from either control or KCN-treated
      chloroplasts to about the same extent. KCN-treated chloroplast membranes are
      found to have higher amounts of apoplastocyanin than do control chloroplast
      membranes. These results offer evidence that KCN removes the copper from
      plastocyanin in the chloroplast membrane, leaving the inactive apoplastocyanin
      which is unable to transfer electrons to Photosystem I.

PMID- 1194271
TI  - Regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis in the guinea pig by fatty acids and
      ammonia.
AB  - Octanoate and L-palmitylcarnitine inhibited the synthesis of P-enolpyruvate from
      alpha-ketoglutarate and malate by isolated guinea pig liver mitochondria. A 50%
      reduction in P-enolpyruvate formation was obtained with 0.1 to 0.2 mM octanoate
      or with 0.06 to 0.10 mM L-palmitylcarnitine. At these concentrations, oxidative
      phosphorylation remained intact and only much higher concentrations of fatty
      acids altered this process. The addition of NH4Cl in the presence of malate and
      increasing concentrations of alpha-ketoglutarate (or vice versa) enhanced the
      formation of glutamate, aspartate, and P-enolpyruvate. The addition of increasing
      concentrations of NH4Cl in the presence of fixed amounts of malate and alpha
      ketoglutarate had a similar effect. Furthermore, the inhibition of P-enolpyruvate
      synthesis by fatty acids and the reduction of the acetoacetate to beta
      hydroxybutyrate ratio were reversed by the addition of NH4Cl. Cycloheximide,
      which blocks energy transfer at site 1 of the respiratory chain, decreased P
      enolpyruvate formation. When cycloheximide and either octanoate or L
      palmitylcarnitine were added together, there was an even greater reduction in P
      enolpyruvate synthesis from either malate or alpha-ketoglutarate than was noted
      with either fatty acid alone. Since cycloheximide lowers the rate of ATP
      synthesis this may in turn reduce P-enolpyruvate formation by a mechanism
      independent of changes in the mitochondrial NAD+/NADH ratio caused by fatty
      acids. In the isolated perfused liver metabolizing lactate, the inhibitory effect
      of octanoate on gluconeogenesis was partially relieved by the addition of 1 mM
      NH4Cl, but remained unchanged in the presence of 2 mM NH4Cl, despite a highly
      oxidized NAD+/NADH ratio in the mitochondria. In contrast to glucose synthesis,
      urea formation was markedly increased during the infusion of 1 mM as well as 2 mM
      NH4Cl. After cessation of NH4Cl infusion, there was an increase in glucose
      production, to a rate as high as that observed in the absence of octanoate. This
      increase was accompanied by the disappearance of alanine, aspartate, and
      glutamate which had been stored in the liver during NH4Cl infusion. Urea
      synthesis also decreased progressively. These results indicate that
      gluconeogenesis in guinea pig liver is regulated, in part, by alterations in the
      mitochondrial oxidation-reduction state. However, the modulation of this effect
      by changing the concentrations of intermediates of the aspartate aminotransferase
      reaction indicates competition for oxalacetate between the aminotransferase
      reaction and P-enolpyruvate carboxykinase.

PMID- 1194272
TI  - Effect of cytochrome b5 on the size, density, and permeability of
      phosphatidylcholine vesicles.
AB  - Cytochrome b5, isolated from rabbit liver by a procedure using detergent, was
      incubated with phosphatidylcholine bilayer vesicles at 37 degrees for 30 min. A
      comparison of a number of physical properties was made between the cytochrome b5
      phosphatidylcholine complex (at a molar ratio of 1:1000) and the
      phosphatidylcholine vesicles. The binding of the protein to the vesicle caused no
      aggregation and no detectable change in Stokes radius of the vesicle as monitored
      by gel filtration. Only small increases in s20 (from 2.67 up to 3.82 X 10(-13) s)
      and density (from 1.025 up to 1.042 g ml(-1)) were observed upon binding of the
      cytochrome b5 to phosphatidylcholine vesicles. At molar ratios of 5:1000, and
      above, two types of complexes could be detected by sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation: one had a molar ratio of approximately 1.066 g ml(-1)) the other,
      a more constant ratio of 20:1000 (density greater than 1.107 g ml(-1)).
      Cytochrome b5 was also incubated with phosphatidylcholine vesicles prepared with
      ferricyanide trapped inside. The leakage of the ferricyanide from inside the
      vesicles was increased when cytochrome b5 was present, but the vesicles, although
      leaking, were not completely depleted of their ferricyande, and so must still be
      intact. It is suggested that at molar ratios of cytochrome b5 to
      phosphatidylcholine below 5:1000, the binding of the protein causes minimal
      change in vesicle structure.

PMID- 1194273
TI  - Characterization and physical properties of the major form of phospholipase A2
      from cobra venom (Naja naja naja) that has a molecular weight of 11,000.
AB  - The major form of phospholipase A2 from cobra venom (Naja naja naja) was prepared
      in 30% yield and was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with and
      without sodium dodecyl sulfate and on Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The monomer
      molecular weight is about 11,000 according to sodium dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ultracentrifugation and molecular sieve
      techniques were employed to confirm the molecular weight and to demonstrate a
      concentration-dependent aggregation of the enzyme. It was found that at
      concentrations below about 0.05 mg ml(-1), the enzyme exists predominantly in the
      monomeric form; kinetic studies are usually conducted in much more dilute
      solutions (0.2 mug ml(-1)). The amino acid composition of the enzyme is reported.
      Of special interest is the presence of five to six disulfide bonds, 1 tryptophan
      residue, and 1 histidine residue. It is stable at high temperatures and is
      unusually resistant to denaturing agents. The isoelectric point was found to be
      4.95. The findings that the protein is unusually resistant to denaturing agents
      and that it undergoes a concentration-dependent aggregation help to explain some
      of the previous reports in the literature on the apparent multiple forms of the
      cobra enzyme and their separation.

PMID- 1194274
TI  - Kinetic analysis of phospholipase A2 activity toward mixed micelles and its
      implications for the study of lipolytic enzymes.
AB  - A detailed kinetic scheme is proposed for the action of phospholipase A2 on mixed
      micelles of phospholipid and surfactant: see article. where E is the enzyme, A is
      the mixed micelle, and B is the phospholipid substrate in the mixed micelle. This
      scheme takes into account quantitatively the involvement of the lipid-water
      interface in the action of this enzyme toward substrate in macromolecular lipid
      complexes. The kinetic equation for this scheme is derived and four simplifying
      assumptions which are necessary for its practical application are described.
      Kinetic data are reported for the action of cobra venom phospholipase A2 (Naja
      naja naja) on 1,2-dipalmitosyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine in mixed micelles
      with the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100, and these data are analyzed in terms
      of the kinetic equation presented. At 40 degrees, pH 8.0, and in the presence of
      10 mM Ca2+, V was found to be about 4 X 10(3) mumol min(-1) mg of protein(-1).
      KsA, which is the dissociation constant for the enzyme-mixed micelle complex, is
      about 5 X 10(-4) M. KmB, the Michaelis constant for the catalytic step, which is
      (k-2 + k3)/k2, is 1 to 2 X 10(-10) mol cm-2. This kinetic treatment, together
      with the fact that the mixed micelle system allows the concentration of the
      substrate in the lipid-water interface to be varied, has made possible the
      quantitative separation of the association of a lipolytic enzyme with the lipid
      water interface (expressed as KsA) and the binding to the substrate in the
      interface (reflected in the KmB term). The implications of this kinetic scheme
      for the analysis of phospholipase A2 from other sources acting on other
      aggregated forms of phospholipid and for the study of other phospholipases and
      lipases is considered.

PMID- 1194275
TI  - Proton magnetic relaxation studies of the interaction of D-xylose and xylitol
      with D-xylose isomerase. Characterization of metal-enzyme-substrate interactions.
AB  - The interaction of D-xylose isomerase purified from two sources with Mn2+ and D
      xylose or the competitive inhibitor xylitol has been examined by nuclear magnetic
      resonance. A greater paramagnetic effect of enzyme-bound Mn2+ on the alpha anomer
      of D-xylose than on the beta anomer was observed, providing independent evidence
      for the specificity of D-xylose isomerase for the alpha anomeric form of D
      xylose. The exchange rate of alpha-D-xylose into the ternary complex, determined
      from the normalized paramagnetic contribution to the transverse relaxation rate
      (1/fT2p) of the carbon 1 proton of alpha-D-xylose, exceeds Vmax for the enzymatic
      reaction by 3 orders of magnitude. The amount of xylitol necessary to displace
      alpha-D-xylose from the substrate-enzyme-Mn2+ complex is consistent with the Km
      value for alpha-D-xylose and the inhibitor constant Ki for xylitol previously
      determined by the methods of enzyme kinetics. These results suggest that the NMR
      experiments observe complexes of D-xylose isomerase which are kinetically and
      thermodynamically competent to participate in catalysis. From the frequency
      dependence of the paramagnetic contribution to the longitudinal relaxation rate
      (1/T1p) of the carbon 1 proton of alpha-D-xylose, the correlation time (tauc)
      which modulates the dipolar interaction between enzyme-bound Mn2+ and alpha-D
      xylose has been determined (5.1 x 1o(-10) s). From these observations a range of
      calculated distances between enzyme-bound Mn2+ and the carbon 1 proton of alpha-D
      xylose (9.1 +/- 0.7 A) has been found. The enzyme-bound Mn2+ has comparable
      effects on the carbon 1, carbon 2, and carbon 5 protons of alpha-D-xylose,
      suggesting that these protons of the enzyme-bound substrate are equidistant from
      the bound Mn2+. A similar distance (9.4 +/- 0.7 A) between the enzyme-bound Mn2+
      and the terminal methylene protons of xylitol, an analog of the open chain
      intermediate in the reaction, has been determined. The results of the present
      substrate relaxation and previous water relaxation studies suggest that two small
      ligands such as water molecules or a large portion of the protein intervene
      between the bound metal ion and the bound substrate in the active ternary
      complex.

PMID- 1194276
TI  - Role of myoglobin in the oxygen supply to red skeletal muscle.
AB  - The contribution of nyoglobin to the oxygen uptake of red skeletal muscle was
      estimated from the difference in oxygen uptake with and without functional
      myoglobin. The oxygen uptake of bundles (25 mm long, 0.5 mm mean diameter) of
      muscle fibers teased from pigeon breast muscle was measured in families of steady
      states of oxygen pressure from 0 to 250 mm Hg. The oxygen-binding function of
      myoglobin, in situ in muscle fiber bundles, was abolished by treatment with
      nitrite of hydroxylamine, which convert oxymyoglobin in situ to high spin ferric
      myoglobin, or with phenylhydrazine, which converts oxymyoglobin to denatured
      products, or with 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine, which appears to remove myoglobin from
      the muslce. The oxygen uptake was again measured. At higher oxygen pressure,
      where oxygen availability does not limit the respiration of the fiber bundles,
      oxygen uptake is not affected by any of the four reagents, which is evidence that
      mitochondrial oxygen uptake is not impaired. At lower oxygen pressure, where
      oxygen uptake is one-half maximal, the steady state oxygen consumption is roughly
      halved by abolishing functional myoglobin. Under the steady state conditions
      studied, the storage function of myoglobin, being static, vanishes and the
      transport function stands revealed. We conclude from these experiments that
      myoglobin may transport a significant fraction of the oxygen consumed by muscle
      mitochondria.

PMID- 1194277
TI  - Purification and physical properties of homogeneous initiation factor MP from
      rabbit reticulocytes.
AB  - Initiation factor MP was purified 1570-fold with 67% recovery of total activity
      present in 0.5 M KCl extracts of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes. Initiation factor
      MP forms a ternary complex with Met-tRNAf and GTP or a binary complex with Met
      tRNAf alone, the details of which are presented in the accompanying paper (Safer,
      B., Adams, S. L., Anderson. W. F., and Merrick, W. C. (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250,
      9076-9082). Initiation factor MP was homogeneous by the following criteria: (a)
      electrophoresis as a single band in gels of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10% acrylamide;
      (b) equilibration as a single band during isoelectric focusing; (c) sedimentation
      as a single symmetrical boundary during sedimentation velocity experiments; (d)
      linear plots of sedimentation equilibrium data; (e) symmetrical absorbance (at
      280 nm) and activity profiles during DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200
      chromatography, and (f) symmetrical distribution of initiation factor MP during
      sucrose density gradient band sedimentation. The molecular weight of the
      initiation factor MP monomer (0.2 mg/ml) by low speed sedimentation equilibrium
      was 90,800. Calculations based on the Stokes radius and sedimentation velocity
      show the existence of relatively stable 90,000-dalton monomers or 180,000-dalton
      dimers at low (0.1 mg/ml) and high (9.75 mg/ml) concentrations of initiation
      factor MP, respectively. Electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate gels indicates
      that initiation factor MP monomer is composed of two noncovalently linked
      subunits with molecular weights of 52,000 and 34,000. Despite a relatively normal
      amino acid composition and an isoelectric point of 6.4, initiation factor MP
      behaves as a basic protein, eluting from phosphocellulose at 650 mM KCl (pH 7.9).
      Both ternary complex formation and methionyl-puromycin synthesis co-purify,
      indicating that a single protein is required for both activities.

PMID- 1194278
TI  - Eukaryotic initiation complex formation. Evidence for two distinct pathways.
AB  - Two distinct pathways have been elucidated which lead to the formation of an AUG
      dependent initiation complex. One pathway involves the use of initiation factor
      M1 (IF-M1) to promote AUG-dependent binding of the initiator tRNA to the 40 S
      subunit, followed by joining of the 60 S subunit in the presence of IF-M2A, IF
      M2B, and GTP. The second pathway involves the IF-MP-directed binding of initiator
      tRNA to the 40 S subunit via a ternary complex of IF-MP-GTP-Met-tRNAf. This
      reaction does not require AUG codon. However, subsequent formation of an 80 S
      initiation complex (as determined by methionyl-puromycin synthesis) required AUG
      as well as IF-M2A, IF-M2B, and GTP. Since both pathways require the same
      complementary initiation factors (at the same level), it would appear that the
      only difference is the manner in which the initiator tRNA is bound to the 40 S
      subunit, either by IF-M1 or IF-MP. Examination of the requirements for endogenous
      mRNA-directed methionyl-puromycin synthesis indicates a greater difference
      between IF-MP and IF-M1 in that only IF-MP was capable of forming an 80 S
      initiation complex which was sensitive to puromycin.

PMID- 1194279
TI  - Isolation and characterization of band 3, the predominant polypeptide of the
      human erythrocyte membrane.
AB  - Band 3 is the predominant approximately 90,000-dalton polypeptide component of
      the human erythrocyte membrane. It was solubilized selectively, along with the
      other major glycoproteins, by extracting membrane ghosts with Triton X-100 under
      nondenaturing conditions. Two major polypeptides remained associated with Band 3
      under these conditions; however one (Band 6) could be dissociated at an ionic
      strength of 0.15 and the other (Band 4.2) by treatment with p
      chloromercuribenzoate. Band 3 was then purified (greater than or equal to 97%) by
      aminoethyl cellulose ion exchange chromatography. The isolated protein was free
      of phospholipid and was moderately enriched in apolar amino acid residues; it
      contained galactose and glucosamine but very little sialic acid and
      galactosamine. When Band 3 was labeled by treatment of ghosts with galactose
      oxidase plus KB3H4 and then purified, the electrophoretic mobility of its
      radioactivity lagged slightly behing that of its Coomassie blue staining profile.
      Variation in glycosylation could therefore cause the diffuse trailing zone
      characteristically observed for Band 3 on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in
      sodium dodecyl sulfate. The ultraviolet circular dichroism of Band 3 was stable
      in nonionic detergent and suggested an alpha helix content of 43%, a value close
      to that estimated for this polypeptide in the membrane.

PMID- 1194281
TI  - Gene V protein of fd bacteriophage. Dimer formation and the role of tyrosyl
      groups in DNA binding.
AB  - Gene V protein exists principally as a dimer in neutral buffers which are 0.15 M
      in NaCl, NaF, or NaClO4. Higher concentrations of NaClO4 or NaCl disrupt the
      dimers, but higher concentrations of NaF do not. There is a single sulfhydryl
      group per gene V protein monomer in native monomers, dimers, and DNA-protein
      complexes. Disulfide formation leads to loss of protein solubility and DNA
      binding capacity. The fluorescence of tyrosyl groups is the same for monomers and
      dimers in NaCl and NaClO4 solutions, but it is extensively quenched on binding to
      poly(dT) and fd-DNA. Complexes of gene V protein and fd-DNA isolated from lysates
      of infected cells were found to contain 4.70- +/- 0.13 nucleotides per monomer of
      gene V protein whereas complexes formed in vitro contain 4.05 +/- 0.17
      nucleotides/monomer. It is postulated that tyrosyl groups are not involved in the
      protein-protein interactions of the monomer-dimer equilibrium, that tyrosyl
      groups stack with DNA bases in the complexes, and that each subunit of gene V
      protein in the intracellular complexes with fd-DNA is replaced by exactly two
      subunits of major coat protein during final assembly of the virus.

PMID- 1194280
TI  - Polyanion-induced release of polyribosomes from HeLa cell nuclei.
AB  - Intact detergent-washed HeLa nuclei contain a population of polyribisomes that
      were released by exposure to polyanions such as RNA or poly(U). The released
      material appeared by electron microscopic examination to be particles averaging
      about 200 to 300 angstroms in diameter. Sedimentation velocity analysis of the
      released particles indicated that the particles had S20,w values of 75 and 110.
      The particles stimulated amino acid incorporation in an ascites S-30 or S-100
      extract at 2.5 mM Mg2+. Studies with a variety of antibiotics indicated that
      these polyribosomes were capable of elongating but not initiating protein
      synthesis. Although these polyribosomes may be of cytoplasmic origin, they appear
      unique in that agents thought to disperse chromatin are required for their
      release from the nucleus.

PMID- 1194282
TI  - Interaction of Vinblastine with Calf Brain Microtubule protein.
AB  - The interaction of vinblastine with calf brain tubulin has been studied by
      velocity sedimentation, gel filtration, and fluorescence. It has been established
      that vinblastine induces the stable tubulin dimers to dimerize further to
      tetramers. The sedimentation patterns at low vinblastine concentration were
      analyzed by the ligand-induced dimerization theory of Cann and Goad ((1972) Arch.
      Biochem. Biophys. 153, 603-609). The association constant and stoichiometry for
      the binding of vinblastine to tubulin, determined by gel filtration and
      spectrofluorometry, were (2.3 +/- 0.1) X 10(4) liters/mol at 25 degrees and two
      vinblastine binding sites per tubulin dimer of molecular weight 110,000. The
      binding of vinblastine to tubulin is characterized by an enthalpy change of 5.8
      kcal/mol and a positive unitary entropy change. Binding of vinblastine did not
      induce any significant conformational changes in tubulin as monitored by circular
      dichroism. However, the vinblastine-tubulin complex displayed an ultraviolet
      difference spectrum, which appears to reflect mostly the transfer of vinblastine
      to a less polar environment. Besides binding vinblastine, tubulin was shown to
      bind vincristine with identical free energy and stoichiometry and to have a
      single binding site for 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid per tubulin dimer,
      which is independent of those for vinblastine.

PMID- 1194283
TI  - Glycoprotein biosynthesis in plants. Demonstration of lipid-linked
      oligosaccharides of mannose and N-acetylglucosamine.
AB  - Previous studies from this laboratory have shown that particulate preparations
      from maturing cotton fibers catalyze the transfer of mannose from GDP
      [14C]mannose into mannosylphosphorylpolyisoprenol (Forsee, W. T., and Elbein,A.
      D. (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248, 2858-2867). In this report, we show that these
      particulate preparations also catalyze the inocoporation of mannose from GDP
      [14C]mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharides and into glycoprotein. The
      oligosaccharide-lipids were treated with dilute acid to liberate the water
      soluble oligosaccharides and these oligosaccharides could then be separated into
      seven or eight distinct radioactive peaks by paper chromatography in isobutyric
      acid/NH4OH/H2betaO (57/4/39). The smallest of the oligosaccharides appears to be
      a trisaccharide with the structure Man leads to GlcNAc-GlcNAc. Thus the
      oligosaccharides attached to the lipids apparently range in size from those
      having 3 glycose units to those having approximately 8 to 10 glycose units. The
      radioactivity in the smaller-sized oligosaccharide-lipids could be chased into
      the larger oligosaccharide-lipids by a second incubation in the presence of
      unlabeled GDP-mannose. The sugar at the reducing ends of the oligosaccharides was
      identified as GlcNAc while some mannose (20 to 30%) was present in alpha linkages
      at the nonreducing ends...

PMID- 1194284
TI  - Identification of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde as the ligand in the green form of old
      yellow enzyme.
AB  - We have previously reported the isolation of old yellow enzyme complexed with a
      ligand of low molecular weight which imparts a distinctive charge-transfer
      absorption to the enzyme, making it green in color (Matthews, R. G., and Massey,
      V. (1969) J. Biol. Chem. 244, 1779-1789). This ligand has now been identified as
      p-hydroxybenzaldehyde by removal from the enzyme and characterization of its
      optical spectrum and subsequent mass spectral analysis. Similar compounds which
      are also bound to old yellow enzyme have been isolated from yeast extract and
      identified. These compounds give rise to complexes with old yellow enzyme which
      are characterized by broad long wavelength absorption bands, and they lead to
      inhibition of the NADPH-O2 oxidoreductase activity catalyzed by old yellow
      enzyme.

PMID- 1194285
TI  - Isolation and characterization of CNBr peptides of human (alpha 1 (III) )3
      collagen and tissue distribution of (alpha 1 (I) )2 alpha 2 and (alpha 1 (III) )3
      collagens.
AB  - [Alpha 1(III)]3 collagen was solubilized by pepsin digestion of normal human
      placental membranes and was purified by differential salt precipitation and
      carboxymethylcellulose chromatography. This collagen was digested with CNBr, and
      the resultant nine peptides were isolated and characterized. The chains are cross
      linked by cysteinyl residues in the COOH-terminal peptide. Isolation of peptides
      derived from CNBr digestion of insoluble tissues was used as an assay for the
      presence of [alpha 1(I)]2alpha 2 and [alpha 1(III)]3 collagens. Both types are
      present in human skin, intestine, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, aorta, umbilical
      cord, placental membranes, and myocardium. Bone and tendon contain [alpha
      1(I)]2alpha 2 collagen but, unlike the other tissues, lack [alpha 1(III)]3
      collagen. Both [alpha 1(I)]2alpha 2 and[alpha 1(III)]3 collagens are present in
      scars of human skin, myocardium, tendon, and liver and of rabbit skin. The degree
      of hydroxylation of proline was 4 to 5% lower in the same peptides in skin, bone,
      and tendon than in the other tissues. The degree of hydroxylation of lysine in
      the same peptides derived from different tissues varied more widely.

PMID- 1194286
TI  - Purification of mRNA guanylyltransferase and mRNA (guanine-7-) methyltransferase
      from vaccinia virions.
AB  - The sequences m7G(5')pppGm-and m7G(5')pppAm-are located at the 5' termini of
      vaccinia mRNAs. Two novel enzymatic activities have been purified from vaccinia
      virus cores which modify the 5' terminus of unmethylated mRNA. One activity
      transfers GMP from GTP to mRNA and is designated a GTP: mRNA guanylyltransferase.
      The second activity transfers a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to
      position 7 of the added guanosine and is designated a S-adenosylmethionine: mRNA
      (guanine-7-)methyltransferase. Advantage was taken of the selective binding of
      these activities to homopolyribonucleotides relative to DNA to achieve a 200-fold
      increase in specific activity. The guanylyl- and methyltransferase remained
      inseparable during chromatography on DNA-agarose, poly(U)-Sepharose, poly(A)
      Sepharose, and Sephadex G-200 and during sedimentation through sucrose density
      gradients suggesting they were associated. A Stokes radius of 5.0 nm, an S20,w of
      6.0 and a molecular weight of 127,000 were obtained by gel filtration on Sephadex
      G-200 and sedimentation in sucrose density gradients. Under denaturing conditions
      of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis two major
      polypeptides were detected in purified enzyme preparations. Their molecular
      weights of 95,000 and 31,400 suggested they were polypeptide components of the
      127,000 molecular weight enzyme system.

PMID- 1194287
TI  - Modification of RNA by mRNA guanylyltransferase and mRNA (guanine-7
      )methyltransferase from vaccinia virions.
AB  - A purified enzyme system isolated from vaccinia virus cores has been shown to
      modify the 5' termini of viral mRNA and synthetic poly(A) and poly(G) to form the
      structures m7G(5')pppA- and m7G(5')pppG-. The enzyme system has both
      guanylyltransferase and methyltransferase activities. The GTP:mRNA
      guanylyltransferase activity incorporates GMP into the 5' terminus via a 5'-5'
      triphosphate bond. The properties of this reaction are: (a) of the four
      nucleoside triphosphates only GTP is a donor, (b) mRNA with two phosphates at the
      5' terminus is an acceptor while RNA with a single 5'-terminal phosphate is not,
      (c) Mg2+ is required, (d) the pH optimum is 7.8, (e) PP1 is a strong inhibitor,
      and (f) the reverse reaction, namely the formation of GTP from PP1 and RNA
      containing the 5'-terminal structure G(5')pppN-, readily occurs. The S
      adenosylmethionine:mRNA(guanine-7-)methyltransferase activity catalyzes the
      methylation of the 5'-terminal guanosine. This reaction exhibits the following
      characteristics: (a) mRNA with the 5'-terminal sequences G(5')pppA- and G(5')pppG
      are acceptors, (b) only position 7 of the terminal guanosine is methylated;
      internal or conventional 5'-terminal guanosine residues are not methylated, (c)
      the reaction is not dependent upon GTP or divalent cations, (d) optimal activity
      is observed in a broad pH range around neutrality, (e) the reaction is inhibited
      by S-adenosylhomocysteine. Both the guanylyltransferase and methyltransferase
      reactions exhibit bisubstrate kinetics and proceed via a sequential mechanism.
      The reactions may be summarized: (see article).

PMID- 1194288
TI  - mRNA methylation and protein synthesis in extracts from embryos of brine shrimp,
      Artemia salina.
AB  - Cell-free protein-synthesizing extracts prepared from the brine shrimp, Artemia
      salina, translate methylated mRNAs. Reovirus unmethylated mRNA is inactive as a
      template when methylation is prevented by the inhibitor, S-adenosylhomocysteine.
      A salina mRNAs from both undeveloped and developed embryos contain 5'-terminal 7
      methylguanosine in an inverted 5'-5' linkage through three phosphate groups to
      the rest of the polynucleotide chain. Removal of the 7-methylguanosine by beta
      elimination converts the mRNA from an active form to one inactive in protein
      synthesis in extracts of A. salina or wheat germ. Extracts of undeveloped and
      developed embryos methylate reovirus unmethylated mRNA at the 5' ends to form 5'
      terminal structures of the type, m7G(5')ppp(5')G and m7G(5')ppp(5')Gm.

PMID- 1194289
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a new pancreatic polypeptide hormone.
AB  - A method is described for isolation, from chicken pancreas, of an avian
      pancreatic polypeptide which may be a new hormone. This method involves acid
      alcohol extraction, gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, and droplet
      countercurrent distribution. The peptide contains 36 amino acids, has a molecular
      weight of 4240 and the isoelectric point if pH 6 to 7. The average amount of
      avian pancreatic polypeptide extractable from chicken pancreas was 4 mg/100 g of
      pancreas. The amino acid sequence of the peptide is Gly-Pro-Ser-Gln-Pro-Thr-Tyr
      Pro-Gly-Asp-Asp-Ala-Pro-Val-Glu-Asp-Leu-Ile-Arg-Phe-Tyr-Asp-Asn-Leu-Gln-Gln-Tyr
      Leu-Asn-Val-Val-Thr-Arg-His-Arg-Tyr-NH2.

PMID- 1194290
TI  - Chicken glucagon. Isolation and amino acid sequence studies.
AB  - Glucagon was isolated from a side fraction generated during the preparation of
      insulin and the new pancreatic peptide, avian pancreatic polypeptide from chicken
      pancreas. The immunological and biological properties are similar to those of
      beef-pork glucagon. The amino acid composition of chicken glucagon indicates that
      it contains 1 more serine residue than the porcine hormone and 1 less aspartic
      acid (asparagine) residue. Thus, chicken glucagon appears to be identical with
      turkey glucagon.

PMID- 1194291
TI  - Influence of inositol hexaphosphate binding on subunit dissociation in
      methemoglobin.
AB  - The tetramer-dimer equilibria of various forms of methemoglobin have been
      measured by sedimentation equilibrium to test the hypothesis of Perutz that high
      spin derivatives can be switched by inositol hexaphosphate (Inos-P6) from the R
      state to the T state more readily than low spin derivatives. Since transitions
      from the R state to the T state are accompanied by a decrease in the tetramer
      dimer dissociation constant (K4,2), this parameter is a quantitative indicator of
      the conformational state. Measurements of K4,2 were performed using an analytical
      ultracentrifuge with absorption optics and a scanner-computer system. Statistical
      analysis of the sedimentation data indicated that the stoichiometry if Inos-P6
      binding is 1 molecule/hemoglobin tetramer and 2 molecules/hemoglobin dimer. The
      apparent affinity of the dimer sites for Inos-P6 is much lower than the
      corresponding value for the tetramer site. As a result of the stoichiometries, at
      low concentrations Inos-P6 shifts the tetramer-dimer equilibrium in favor of the
      tetramer, but at high concentrations Inos-P6 shifts the equilibrium in favor of
      the dimer. Te tetramer binding site for Inos-P6 of various liganded forms of
      hemoglobin appears to be the same as has been established for deoxyhemoglobin,
      since the effect of Inos-P6 on subunit dissociation is reduced in pyridoxylated
      derivatives. Values of K4,2 for aquo-, azido- and cyanomethemoglobin in 0.01 M
      2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2',2''-nitroethanol buffer, pH 6.0/0.1 M NaCl, are all
      near 2 X 10(-5) M. Upon addition of 50 muM Inos-P6 the values of K4,2 for all
      three forms are shifted to near 10(-9) M. Since the aquo derivative is high spin,
      while the azido and cyano derivatives are low spin, the similarity of values for
      the derivatives in the presence and absence of Inos-P6 indicate that the changes
      in K4,2 are not spin-spin state dependent. For another high spin derivative,
      fluoromethemoglobin, such high concentrations of NaF are required that ionic
      strength effects are encountered. When data at several NaF concentrations are
      extrapolated to 0.1 M NaF to correct for the ionic strength effects, values of
      K4,2 of 7 X 10(-6) M and 10(-8) M are obtained for solutions in the absence and
      in the presence of 50 muM Inos-P6, respectively. Therefore the results with the
      fluoro derivative, in conjunction with the other forms of methemoglobin, support
      the view that high spin derivatives do not exhibit a greater response to Inos-P6
      than low spin derivatives.

PMID- 1194292
TI  - Stimulation of 3-O-methylglucose transport by anaerobiosis in rat thymocytes.
AB  - Transport of 3-O-methylglucose by rat thymocytes occurs by facilitated diffusion
      and follows a biphasic time course. The half-times of the two phases of uptake
      are 0.8 min and 20 to 30 min; the rapid phase contributes 10 to 20% of the total
      3-O-methylglucose taken up at equilibrium. Cells incubated under anaerobic
      conditions for 1 hour undergo a 3- to 4-fold increase in the initial rate of 3-O
      methylglucose uptake. The relative contribution of the rapid phase of uptake
      increases nearly 4-fold in anaerobically incubated cells, although the half-time
      of the rapid phase remains the same. Anaerobiosis also reduces the half-time of
      the slow phase of uptake by a factor of three. In the absence of exogenous
      glucose, anaerobiosis reduces cellular ATP by 97% after 1 hour at 37 degrees.
      However, full stimulation of transport activity does not occur in cells with such
      low levels of ATP. When anaerobically incubated cells are re-exposed to oxygen,
      ATP synthesis proceeds and transport activity increases by 100% within 5 to 10
      min. Adding 1 mM 2,4-dinitrophenol at the time the anaerobic cells are reexposed
      to oxygen completely blocks the subsequent ATP synthesis and the associated
      increase in transport activity. Cells incubated aerobically in the presence of 1
      mM 2,4-dinitrophenol show a 90% reduction in ATP levels and a 2-fold increase in
      the rate of 3-O-methylglucose uptake. An additional 70% increase in transport
      activity is observed when the cells are washed free of uncoupler and incubated an
      additional 10 min. The results suggest that transport activity is stimulated when
      cellular ATP levels decline but that the stimulation process requires some
      minimal level of ATP for full expression.

PMID- 1194293
TI  - Regulation of in vitro mRNA transcription by a fraction of chromosomal proteins.
AB  - A fractionation scheme was developed which permits the isolation of chromosomal
      non-histone protein fraction associated with DNA in chromatin. This fraction
      which represents less than 10% of the total protein content of reticulocyte
      chromatin was found to be essential for the in vitro transcription of globin mRNA
      by chromatin preparations reconstituted from DNA and isolated chromosomal protein
      components.

PMID- 1194294
TI  - A rose by any other name.

PMID- 1194295
TI  - Custom line copying for journal reproduction. Part II: Procedures and
      refinements.

PMID- 1194296
TI  - Comparison of motion-picture and videotape production.

PMID- 1194297
TI  - Super-8 versus 16mm films for medical research, education and health care.

PMID- 1194298
TI  - A mobile color television-microscopy console.

PMID- 1194299
TI  - A quick and efficient way to handle negatives of fluorescein angiograms.

PMID- 1194300
TI  - Fractures of the neural arch of the axis. A report of twenty-nine cases.
AB  - Twenty-nine patients with fractures of the neural arch of the axis (hangman's
      fracture) were followed for an average of six years. Hyperextension and
      longitudinal compression were probably the forces most frequently causing this
      injury. Serious neurological damage was uncommon; none of these patients had any
      neural deficit at follow-up. In addition to the six patients in this series who
      were treated by surgical fusion, the remaining twenty-three patients, treated by
      traction and immobilization, all regained a stable cervical spine. Because
      healing of the fracture of the neural arch or spontaneous interbody fusion
      between the axis and the third cervical vertebra invariably occurs, surgical
      treatment of this injury is seldom if ever necessary.

PMID- 1194301
TI  - Cavus deformity of the foot after fracture of the tibial shaft.
AB  - Twenty-three cases of claw foot with limited talocrural and subtalar mobility
      were the result of muscle contracture of the leg after tibial-shaft fracture. A
      roentgenographic study including arteriography was performed. It was concluded
      that the typical short cavus foot is due to fibrous contracture of the muscles in
      the deep posterior compartment caused by vascular damage, swelling in the deep
      posterior compartment, or severe muscle laceration. On physical examination the
      distance between the lateral malleolus and the Achilles tendon was shortened in
      comparison with the sound side in all cases. This was found to be caused by
      dorsiflexion in the talocrural joint coincident with adduction in the mid-tarsal
      joint. The angulation of the foot forced the patients to rotate the leg outward
      in order to get the feet in parallel position for walking. This deformity could
      be misinterpreted as an inward malrotation of the tibial fracture. In severe
      cases a derotating three-dimensional wedge osteotomy of the distal part of the
      tibia was performed with promising results.

PMID- 1194302
TI  - Intramedullary nailing in the treatment of open fractures of the tibia and
      fibula.
AB  - Intramedullary nailing of thirty acute displaced open fractures of the tibia and
      fibula resulted in union with only one superficial infection. The low incidence
      of sepsis is attributed to the use of the curved malleable Hodgkinson tibial nail
      which requires no reaming, renders the operation less difficult and traumatic,
      and interferes minimally with bone vascularity. Fibular nailing was an effective
      means of stabilizing nine of the twelve fractures close to the ankle joint.

PMID- 1194303
TI  - Analysis of knee-joint forces during flexed-knee stance.
AB  - Using an instrumented cadaver lower extremity, the forces in the quadriceps,
      patella, and tibia during flexed-knee stance were measured and the calculated and
      experimental data were found to correlate with an average discrepancy of 6 per
      cent. The quadriceps force required to stabilize the knee was 75 per cent of the
      load on the femoral head at 15 degrees of knee flexion, 210 per cent at 30
      degrees, and 410 per cent at 60 degrees. Stresses at the tibiofemoral and
      patellofemoral joint surfaces increased in similar fashion. The quadriceps force
      was equivalent to 20 per cent of average maximum quadriceps strength at 15
      degrees and to 50 per cent at 30 degrees, as determined from torque tests on five
      normal subjects.

PMID- 1194304
TI  - Scoliosis: A prospective epidemiological study.
AB  - A two and a half-year prospective study was carried out to determine incidence
      rates and distributions of various parameters associated with idiopathic
      scoliosis. Data were also collected on the progression curves detected at the
      initial screening. The results showed: (1) that the incidence rate was 13.6 per
      cent with a female-to-male ratio of 1.2:1, (2) that the most common type of curve
      was thoracolumbar, and (3) that spontaneous improvement occurred in approximately
      22 per cent of those patients followed for an average of one year.

PMID- 1194306
TI  - Editorial: Treatment of fractures of the calcaneus.

PMID- 1194305
TI  - Complications of total hip arthroplasty treated by reoperation.
AB  - In a series of 3,204 consecutive total hip arthroplasties performed on 2,684
      patients at the Mayo Clinic from March 1, 1969, through February 28, 1972,
      reoperation for a complication was necessary in 125 hips (3.9 per cent). The
      complications, in order of frequency, were infection, dislocation, trochanteric
      problems, ectopic bone, and loosening of the femoral prosthesis. There were less
      frequent complications that also required further surgery. Attention to specific
      technical details is the most important means of avoiding a complication that
      requires reoperation.

PMID- 1194307
TI  - Editorial: The syndrome of the prolapsed thoracic intervertebral disc.

PMID- 1194308
TI  - Fractures of the calcaneus with displacement of the thalamic portion.
AB  - The thalamus is the part of the calcaneus that supports the posterior articular
      facet and continues forward, becoming thinner towards the groove of the sinus
      tarsi. The main displacements after fracture depend on 1) a primary fracture line
      dividing the bone into anterior and posterior fragments, and 2) a semilunar
      fragment in the thalamic region. In the operation advised the sinus tarsi is
      exposed and the semilunar fragment is reduced by rotation in the opposite
      direction and is fixed to the medial fragment (the sustenaculum tali not being
      displaced) by a transverse Kirschner wire. The twp ,aom frag,emts are foxed bu am
      amtero-posterior wire. Plaster is applied and is retained for twelve weeks.
      Weight-bearing is not permitted for the first four weeks. There were no major
      complications in fifty-eight operations. The anatomical results were good:
      restoration of the tuber-joint angle by reduction of the semilunar fragment was
      maintained. The functional results were very satisfactory: permanent disability
      was slight or mild.

PMID- 1194309
TI  - Thompson prosthesis for fractured neck of femur. A comparison of surgical
      approaches.
AB  - The records of 243 patients with Thompson prostheses for displaced femoral neck
      fractures have been studied. One hundred and seven prostheses were inserted
      through an anterior approach and 136 by a posterior approach. The short-term
      results and complications in these otherwise comparable groups are discussed. The
      infection rate of 18.5 percent in the group operated upon by the posterior
      approach was thrice that after operations by the anterior route (6.5 per cent
      infected). Drained wounds had significantly less infection (6.3 per cent)
      compared with the undrained group (28 per cent infected). Other factors
      influencing the infection rate are discussed. The anterior approach offered
      greater stability. Of the twenty dislocations in the series, nineteen followed
      operations by the posterior approach. The mortality rate six weeks after
      operation was 6.5 per cent after the anterior approach and 20.6 per cent after
      the posterior approach. Statistical analysis significantly favours the anterior
      approach.

PMID- 1194310
TI  - A study on the effects of particulate metals of orthopaedic interest on murine
      macrophages in vitro.
AB  - This is part of a larger study designed to investigate the action of particulate
      metals of orthopaedic interest on tissues. Damaging effects were determined by
      cytological examination and the assay of two enzymes. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
      if released into the supernatant indicates a damaged cell membrane; decreased
      intracellular levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) indicates a
      lowered phagocytic capacity of the cells. Soluble and wear products around
      implanted prostheses could facilitate late infections by impairing local
      reactions to bacteria. Particulate cobalt, nickel and cobalt-chromium alloy were
      found to damage the cells and to cause LDH release. G6PD was found to have a
      lower activity in the cells exposed to these materials. In contrast, titanium,
      chromium and molybdenum were well tolerated by macrophages and had no effect on
      the distribution and activity of either enzyme. The solubility of these metals in
      the culture medium was also measured.

PMID- 1194311
TI  - An unusual reaction in muscle in association with Vitallium plate: a report of
      possible metal hypersensitivity.
AB  - A case is reported in which fractures of the radius and ulna were fixed with
      Vitallium plates and screws. Seven years later a painful swelling appeared over
      the extensor aspect of the forearm. After eight years sarcoma was suspected and a
      pale tumour infiltrating muscle was found at operation. However, the histology
      excluded neoplasia and showed massive fibrosis and patchy necrosis of muscle,
      with chronic inflammatory changes peripherally. After the removal of the metal
      the swelling disappeared. A sinus down to the ulna followed operation and was not
      cured two years later. At this stage standard patch testing showed skin
      sensitivity to cobalt. Metal sensitivity is proposed as the cause of this
      extraordinary reaction in muscle.

PMID- 1194312
TI  - Synovial regeneration and articular cartilage changes after synovectomy in normal
      and steroid-treated rabbits.
AB  - Ltttle is known of the effects of synovectomy on articular cartilage. In order to
      investigate this matter, anterior synovectomy of the knee was performed in thirty
      five normal adult rabbits and in thirty-five which were given 25 milligrams of
      hydrocortisone intramuscularly each week afterwards. The animals were killed at
      intervals from four to 110 days after synovectomy. Histological examination of
      the regenerating synovium in both groups showed complete structural and
      functional regeneration by eighty days in the first group and a delay in
      regeneration in the steroid group. Sulphur autoradiographs of the articular
      cartilage of femoral and tibial condyles revealed surface fibrillation and
      chondrocyte death in 23 per cent of normal knees after eighty days but only 1.8
      per cent of knees of animals receiving hydrocortisone. Thus synovectomy in a
      healthy joint may have an unfavourable effect on the physiology of cartilage by
      alteration of synovial composition and hyaluronate content in normal joints.
      Systemically-administered hydrocortisone may reduce this harmful effect in normal
      cartilage.

PMID- 1194313
TI  - Abduction contracture of the hip in children.
AB  - Nine cases of abduction contracture of the hip in children from contracture of
      the gluteus maximus muscle are reported. Division of the aponeurosis glutens
      maximus over the greater trochanter always permitted full adduction.

PMID- 1194314
TI  - Intertrochanteric osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the hip. A radiological
      assessment of non-compressive and compressive methods.
AB  - A radiological review of two groups of intertrochanteric osteotomies of the femur
      for primary osteoarthritis of the hip has been made. Each group oroginally
      consisted of forty-one hips. In one group a Wainwright straight V-spline without
      compression had been used for fixation, and in the other group an AO angled plate
      with compression. The time for bony union was equal in the two groups but the
      incidence of non-union was lower in the AO group. Regression of cysts and of bone
      sclerosis was more frequent in the Wainwright group, possible as a consequence of
      the greater medial displacement and varus angulation.

PMID- 1194315
TI  - The clinical syndromes and surgical treatment of thoracic intervertebral disc
      prolapse.
AB  - Doubt remains as to the safest surgical approach to the prolapsed thoracic
      intervertebral disc. Laminectomy, lateral rhachotomy and the transthoracic
      approach all have their protagonists. Twenty-two patients from the National
      Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen Square, and Atkinson Morley's Hospital have
      been reviewed. Their clinical presentation is discussed and the ancillary aids to
      diagnosis assessed. The diagnostic value of disc space calcification is stressed,
      and the use of air myelography as an adjunct to positive contrast myelography is
      noted. Fifteen patients were subjected to laminectomy, and seven to lateral
      rhachotomy. Each group contained patients with a wide range of neurological
      deficit. Six of the patients who underwent laminectomy were improved, two were
      unchanged, six deteriorated and one died. Of the patients who had lateral
      rhachotomy, six were improved, one was unchanged and none deteriorated. The
      conclusion is drawn that lateral rhachotomy is a safer procedure.

PMID- 1194316
TI  - The use of footprints in assessing the results of operations for hallux valgus. A
      comparison of Keller's operation and arthrodesis.
AB  - One hundred and seventy feet have been reviewed after operations for hallux
      valgus; eighty-five had had arthrodesis of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint
      and eighty-five had had Keller's operation. Footprints were made in order to
      assess the patterns of weight-bearing on the big toe and on the lesser metatarsal
      heads. After arthodesis the big toe bore weight in 80 per cent compared with 40
      per cent after Keller's operation. The ability to bear weight on the big toe is
      related to the presence of metatarsalgia and excessive weight-bearing on the
      lesser metatarsal heads. These complicaitons were seen more commonly after
      Keller's operation (particularly when more than one-third of the phalanx had been
      excised) than after arthrodesis.

PMID- 1194317
TI  - Stimulation of bone growth by periosteal stripping. A clinical study.
AB  - Periosteal stripping in the long lower limb bones of thirty children with
      shortening after poliomyelitis was performed. All have been followed up for five
      years. A relative increase in length attributable to the periosteal stripping
      procedure was seen in the majority. The conclusions are that this simple
      procedure is indicated in minor degrees of limb inequality in growing children,
      but that the haphazare response precludes any accurate estimation of the final
      outcome of such a procedure.

PMID- 1194318
TI  - Variations in the nerves of the thumb and index finger.
AB  - The digital nerves to the thumb and index finger have been studied by dissecting
      twenty-five embalmed upper limbs. The palmar digital nerves to the thumb were
      constant in position and course, with a short lateral cutaneous branch from the
      radial palmar digital nerve in 30 per cent of cases. The palmar digital nerves to
      the index finger had a variable pattern, the commonest arrangement, well
      described in Gray's Anatomy, occurring in 74 per cent of cases. The variations
      and their frequency are described. By examining histological cross-sections of
      the index finger it was found that of about 5,000 endoneurial tubes entering the
      finger, 60 per cent passed beyond the distal digital crease to supply the pulp
      and nail bed. The depth of the palmar digital nerves was about 3 millimetres, but
      less at the digital creases, and their diameter lay between 1 and 1.5 millimetres
      as far as the distal digital crease. Clinical applications of the findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1194319
TI  - Spinal fusion with free periosteal grafts and its effect on vertebral growth in
      yound rabbits.
AB  - The effect of early fusion on growth of the spine has been studied in rabbits.
      Free periosteal grafts from the tibia were transplanted either posteriorly
      between the spinous and articular processes or postero-laterally between the
      articular and transverse processes. Sound bony fusion was achieved in both the
      thoracic and the lumbar spine. Spinal fusion caused local narrowing and wedging
      of the intervertebral spaces, followed by retardation of growth and wedging of
      the vertebrae. A progressive structural scoliosis developed after unilateral
      postero-lateral fusion and a lordosis developed after posterior fusion.

PMID- 1194320
TI  - 14C-glucose and 35S-metabolism of pig epiphysial cartilage and its variations
      after osteotomy.
AB  - On in vitro incubation of articular and epiphysial cartilage of the ulna of the
      domestic pig 70 to 80 per cent of [U-14C] glucose was metabolised to 14C-lactate,
      but cartilage of the epiphysial plate produced up to five times as much 14C-CO2
      as articular cartilage, and the specific radioactivity of 14C(or 35S)-chondroitin
      4(6)-sulphate isolated from epiphysial cartilage (following 35S-sulphate
      incorporation) was about twice as high as that of articular cartilage. Six weeks
      after an osteotomy on both sides of the proximal epiphysial plate of the lift
      ulna, the glucose uptake, lactate production, and the specific radioactivity of
      the glycosaminoglycans displayed no significant differences when compared with
      those of the corresponding epiphysial plate of the control right ulna, whereas a
      50 per cent increase in the oxidation of 14C-glucose to 14C-CO2 was observed.

PMID- 1194321
TI  - Thermal aspects of self-curing polymethylmethacrylate.
AB  - Bone necrosis adjacent to self-curing polymethylmethacrylate is a matter of
      accepted fact. Among the possible causes are mechanical and vascular damage from
      the preparation of the bone cavity, chemical damage from the monomer and free
      radicals in the cement dough, and thermal damage from the heat of polymerisation,
      occurring in this order. Consideration of the tissue reaction to this material,
      theoretical calculation of the heat output from polymerising acrylic and
      interface temperature profiles, experimental observations of interface
      temperatures and maximal temperatures at polymerisation, together with clinical
      observations, all lead to the view that the bone necrosis is not a consequence of
      thermal damage, which is unlikely to be a cuase of failure of prosthetic
      fixation. Temperatures recorded from within polymerising acrylic masses are
      related primarily to the amount of monomer polymerising and are of no clinical
      significance in the fixation of prostheses. Interface temperatures are related
      primarily to the surface area of the interface and the thermal characteristics of
      the cooler material.

PMID- 1194322
TI  - Giant chondromas arising from the ribs. A report of four cases.
AB  - Chondromas may arise from the ribs but seldom grow to giant size. In a series of
      twenty-one cases, four giant tumours were encountered. Three were treated by
      excision without leaving a significant defect of the chest wall or impairment of
      respiration; the fourth was examined by biopsy. No evidence of malignant change
      was discovered in these four large tumours.

PMID- 1194323
TI  - Radial nerve enclosed in the callus of a supracondylar fracture.
AB  - At operation for the correction of cubitus varus by removal of a wedge based
      laterally, the radial nerve fortunately was first explored and found to run
      through a transverse bony tummel at the posterior level of a suprocondylar
      fracture sustained eight years previously. After elevation of the bony tunnel and
      nerve en bloc the osteotomy was completed; neurapraxia of the radial nerve soon
      recovered. With hindsight, the entrance and exit foramina of the tunnel could be
      clearly seen in the antero-posterior radiograph taken before the operation.

PMID- 1194324
TI  - The 1975 Gordon Richards Memorial Lecture. Is the Miles operation really
      necessary for the treatment of rectal cancer?

PMID- 1194325
TI  - Results of hypotonic duodenography in the diagnosis of pancreaticoduodenal
      cancer.
AB  - Hypotonic duodenography has become a well accepted procedure for diagnosing
      pancreaticoduodenal cancer. In order to provide further data about the accuracy
      of this examination, 170 patients were reviewed who were suspected of having this
      disease and whose duodenogram diagnosis was later confirmed or disproved by
      surgery, autopsy, or clinical follow-up. The correct diagnosis was made in 158
      patients (over-all accuracy of 93%). Of 31 ultimately proved pancreaticoduodenal
      cancers, 24 were correctly identified (specific accuracy of 77%). For 27 patients
      a positive diagnosis of pancreaticoduodenal cancer was made, and 24 of these
      later proved to have this disease (positive accuracy of 89%). For 110 patients, a
      negative diagnosis was made, and 103 of these proved to be free of
      pancreaticoduodenal cancer (negative accuracy of 94%).

PMID- 1194326
TI  - The "spinnaker sail" appearance of the posterior urethral valve in infants.

PMID- 1194327
TI  - Calcified subcutaneous fat necrosis in infancy.

PMID- 1194328
TI  - Benign osteoblastoma of a rib.

PMID- 1194329
TI  - Five years experience with the Bjork-Shiley tilting disc valve in isolated aortic
      valvular disease.
AB  - The non-overlapping tilting disc of the Bjork-Shiley prosthesis has proved its
      efficiency in two respects: It provides an optimal orifice to tissue diameter
      ratio with a favourable rheology both at rest and during exercise even in the
      smaller valve sizes used for insertion in narrow aortic roots. It accounts for a
      minimal haemolysis because mechanical crushing of the red cells is minimized by
      such a non-overlapping closing mechanism. Regurgitation is negligible. The
      excellent durability of the prosthesis has been clinically testified. Thrombo
      embolism has not so far occurred with effective Dicumarol treatment. Aortic valve
      replacement with the Bjork-Shiley tilting disc valve is regarded as an
      elimination of the volume load of the left ventricle in AI and the pressure load
      in AS, thereby creating a pre-requisite for a normalization of the pump function
      of the heart.

PMID- 1194330
TI  - What constitutes adequate perfusion?
AB  - Success of a perfusion depends not as much on the perfusion system as how that
      system is applied. A bubble oxygenator system properly managed can be safely run
      for many hours. Perfusion rate alone is an inadequate criteria for conduct of an
      adequate perfusion. 75 to 100 cc/kilo/min. perfusion rate is recommended. Minimal
      mean arterial pressures (60-70 mmHg) are essential to maintain good function of
      all organ systems for many hours of perfusion and to avoid disseminated
      intravascular coagulation by keeping capillary beds open. Foreign blood (bank
      blood) should be avoided to a maximal degree as foreign blood along with
      hypotensive situations as with poor perfusions can increase predisposition to DIC
      and organ failure. Hypokalemia (plasma and intracellular) predisposes to poor
      peripheral resistance during perfusion and consequent low mean arterial
      pressures. Fifty to 150 meq. of potassium chloride injected into the perfusate is
      generally required. Excessively high pO2 (over 150) and/or excessively low pCO2
      (under 35) may contribute to CNS aberrations. Cannula placement and size are
      important considerations as well as suction forces on the venous cannula due to
      hydrostatic pressure on the venous return line. This force must be varied at
      times for maximal return. The inferior canal catheter must be kept out of the
      hepatic veins.

PMID- 1194331
TI  - Induced ischemic cardiac arrest. Clinical and experimental results with magnesium
      aspartate-procaine solution (Cardioplegin).
AB  - The risk of open heart surgery can be lowered by combination of different methods
      of myocardial protection. 1. Cardioplegia with a potassium free Mg-1-aspartate
      and Procaine-solution (Cardioplegin). 2. Coronary perfusion after ischemia longer
      than 35-40 minutes in case of excessive left ventricular hypertrophy or failure.
      3. Hypothermia. Surface cooling gives an additional safety if coronary perfusion
      is not ideal possible in case of multiple coronary stenoses. For patients with
      this dispositions a continuous coronary perfusion with cardioplegic solution
      might be advisable, as it was presented by Gercken in his paper. This method was
      used three times already in human, but is still in an experimental stage.

PMID- 1194332
TI  - Divalent ions and myocardial function during cardiopulmonary by-pass (CPB).
      Changes of total calcium, ionized calcium, and magnesium in plasma.
AB  - In 17 patients who underwent openheart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass using
      heparinized fresh blood for priming the heart-lung machine the following
      investigations were done: Blood samples taken at different periods of surgery
      were assayed for total calcium (Catot), ionized calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg),
      hemoglobin, total pasma proteins, and the acid-base-status. Considering the
      different kinds of cardiopulmonary bypass the patients were divided into three
      groups: In the first group the results ofsurgical procedure with and without
      hemodilution perfusion were compared. During hemodilution perfusion Catot
      decreased markedly whereas Ca++ remained nearly constant. In the second group the
      influence of different calcium concentrations of the prime solution on Catot and
      Ca was tested. A low calcium content of 2.8 mEq/1 lowered Catot and Ca++ to
      subnormal levels. In the third group results of Mg-induced cardioplegia were
      compared with findings during surgical procedure with anoxic cardiac arrest. A
      remarkable increase of magnesium at the perfusion onset could be observed.
      Magnesium remained within the upper level of normal range until surgery end and
      decreased to normal values in the postoperative stage. Since energy requirements
      of the arrested heart and thus the velocity of ATP-breakdown during ischemia are
      closely related to the Ca++ concentration of the extracellular space low plasma
      calcium levels are considered to be advantageous during cardiopulmonary bypass.
      Only at the end of partial bypass before the heart fully takes over circulating
      work a sufficient calcium substitution is recommended.

PMID- 1194333
TI  - Coronary circulation and myocardial oxygen consumption after extracorporeal
      circulation and after cardioplegic arrest.
AB  - The influence of haemodilution or of blood perfusion on the coronary circulation,
      myocardial oxygen consumption and on haemodynamic parameters was examined in two
      comparable groups of patients with slight congenital acyanotic cardiac
      malformation without indications of myocardial damage. In a third group of
      patients similar data were collected before and after artificial cardiac arrest
      by cardioplegic solutions. No findings concerning this question could be found in
      the literature. Coronary circulation was measured by the argon-gas-technique of
      Bretschneider et al. A fall in haemoglobin of 4.8% caused by haemodilution
      resulted in the first group in an increase in the cardiac index of about 8% and
      an increase in the coronary circulation of about 100% over the initial value with
      a simultaneous decrease in the coronary resistance due to coronary dilatation and
      reduction in blood viscosity. The myocardial O2 consumption was raised in spite
      of an increase in the coronary-venous O2 saturation and a clear reduction in the
      AVD O2. In contrast, the patients in the blood perfusion group showed no change
      in the coronary circulation and coronary resistance although a decrease of the
      myocardial O2 consumption was observed. The cardiac index fell to about 16% in
      these patients. After cardioplegic cardiac arrest there was no significant
      reduction in myocardial blood flow except for a decrease of myocardial oxygen
      consumption of about 20% The results are discussed and cantra-indications of
      haemodilution perfusion and cardioplegic cardiac arrest mentioned.

PMID- 1194334
TI  - Anoxic cardiac arrest: Its effect on myocardial mitochondrial metabolism.
AB  - Forty eight healthy dogs are subjects to cardiopulmonary bypass and divide into
      two groups according to whether the perfusion is performed in normothermia or
      moderate hypothermia (30 degrees C). The effects on oxidative phosphorylation and
      mitochondrial respiration, produced by increasing periods of myocardial anoxia
      from aortic cross clamping, are studied. A clear correlation is found between the
      disturbances of mitochondrial metabolism and the future cardiac recovery.
      Hypothermia shows a protective effect on the anoxic myocardium. It is concluded
      that the period of absolute safety in cardiac anoxia, as far as mitochondrial
      function is concerned, is 15 minutes in normal thermic perfusion and 90 minutes
      in moderately hypothermic ones.

PMID- 1194335
TI  - Anomalous origin and distribution of coronary arteries. Review of 38 patients who
      underwent operation.
AB  - Between October 1961 and December 1973, 38 patients with an anomaly in origin (15
      patients) or distribution (23 patients) of the main coronary artery or one of its
      branches underwent operation at the Texas Heart Institute. The left coronary
      artery originating from the pulmonary artery occurred most frequently-in 13 of 15
      patients. An aortocoronary artery bypass was performed in 12 patients with the
      saphenous vein used in ten of the 12, initially in 1965; and a Dacron tube graft
      in the other two. Of the 15 patients, only one died during the early period after
      operation. A follow-up of ten years revealed 11 asymptomatic patients; to date
      the longest period of patency of a saphenous vein graft is seven years in an 11
      year-old girl. Of 23 patients with an unusual coronary artery distribution, 22
      had tetralogy of Fallot, 20 of whom underwent total correction. In 21 of the 23
      patients the left anterior descending coronary artery originated from the right
      coronary artery and crossed the right ventricular outflow tract. In two patients
      this abnormally distributed artery was injured through a vertical right
      ventriculotomy; both patients died from myocardial failure during the early
      postoperative period. Subsequently a transverse right ventriculotomy, either
      alone or combined with a right ventricular outflow and/or pulmonary artery patch
      enlargement was performed in 16 patients, and a double outlet right ventricle was
      created through insertion of a Dacron tube graft in two patients. With this
      method injury to the abnormal left anterior descending coronary artery was
      avoided and all 18 patients survived the operation. On the basis of our
      experience and today's advanced techniques, it is believed that most patients,
      including some under two years of age, can undergo correction of a left coronary
      artery originating from the pulmonary artery through insertion of a saphenous
      vein graft between the aorta and left coronary artery. During the surgical
      correction of cardiac anomalies necessitating a right ventriculotomy, a
      transverse or double incision in the right ventricular outflow tract in most
      patients will prevent injury to an abnormally distributed coronary artery branch;
      sometimes insertion of a Dacron tube graft between the right ventricular outflow
      tract and pulmonary artery is necessary.

PMID- 1194336
TI  - Persistent atrio-ventricular canal. Case report of an unusual intermediate form.
AB  - A case is described, which presented the following combination of anomalies: An
      interatrial and interventricular septal defect, absence of a cleft in the aortic
      leaflet of the mitral valve and in the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. The
      latter leaflet was underdeveloped and presented several perforations. On the
      bases of the characteristic electrocardiographic, angiocardiographic and
      anatomical findings this anomaly was considered to be an intermediate form of a
      common atrioventricular canal. Total repair was successfully performed utilizing
      the technique of Rastelli and McGoon.

PMID- 1194337
TI  - Comparative analysis of prosthetic heart valve replacement on the basis of 300
      cases.
AB  - 1. The 224 patients have been followed-up for postoperative intervals of 1 to 8
      years after operation, and the average duration of the follow-up has been 4
      years. 2. Six types of heart valve prostheses have been utilized and evaluated
      with the longest (9 years) period of follow-up (a Starr-Edwards prothesis) and
      the shortest a Bjork-Shiley valve. The best clinical hemodynamic characteristics,
      no thromboembolic complications were observed with the Lillehei-Kaster valve.
      Evaluation of longterm wear and thrombosis require further follow-up studies. 3.
      All patients, but 21, improved in functional capacity and are NYHA class I and
      II. Most of the patients had heart failure at the time of operation. These
      patients would have had a life expectancy of about two years from the onset of
      symptoms. Seventy two patients with heart failure as a prime symptom have thus
      outlived their anticipated life expectancy. 4. Systemic embolization was the most
      common postoperative complication in spite of the anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 1194338
TI  - Left atrial myxoma causing mitral insufficiency. Report of a case treated with
      mitral valve replacement.
AB  - A case of left atrial myxoma causing mitral insufficiency treated with valve
      replacement and diagnosed preoperatively as mitral stenosis is presented. The
      presence of mitral regurgitation is very rare in atrial myxomas and requires
      mitral valve replacement. In our case mitral regurgitaion was due to the
      mechanical trauma of the valve by the tumor mass because the patient had no
      history of rheumatic fever and the pathologic examination of the valve displayed
      neither rheumatic nor myxomatous degeneration.

PMID- 1194339
TI  - Revascularization of the superior mesenteric artery.
AB  - From 1965 to 1973, 7 patients with severe chronic mesenteric vascular
      insufficiency have been successfully operated upon. Abdominal pain, weight loss
      and epigastric murmur were the most significant symptoms and signs in these
      diffusely atheromatous patients. Aortography with exposure in the lateral
      projection was essential for diagnosis and operative planning. Although two and
      often all three main splanchnic arteries were involved, revasculariztion of only
      the superior mesenteric artery restored normal hemodynamics. There was no
      operative mortality. Weight gain was dramatic and post-prandial pain disappeared
      in all patients. One patient diedone year and one half after the operation from
      an acute cerebro-vascular accidnet. Our surgical experience in this field,
      although small, is very gratifying and rewarding.

PMID- 1194340
TI  - The influence of lumbar sympathectomy on the permeability of reconstructions.

PMID- 1194341
TI  - Renal function following aortic surgery.
AB  - Following aortic surgery nearly two thirds of patients (65%) have demonstrable
      renal tubular damage, which is related to the disease process (aneurysmal disease
      being more commonly associated with renal damage than occlusive disease), the
      duration of aortic cross clamping and the volume of blood transfused. No
      relationship appears to exist between age, pre-operative hypertension, or chronic
      renal failure, and post operative renal tubular function.

PMID- 1194342
TI  - Current status of thermography in peripheral vascular disease.

PMID- 1194343
TI  - Radiological study of the aetiological factors in venous obstruction of the upper
      limb.
AB  - This study was undertaken in an attempt to define the exact relationship between
      intermittent venous obstruction of the upper limb and the acute condition of
      primary axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis. Three groups of patients were
      investigated, namely those with evidence of intermittent venous obstruction in
      one or both upper limbs, those with a previous history of an acute primary
      axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis in one upper limb and the control group of
      patients. The patients were investigated by subclavian venography with the limbs
      in both adduction and abduction. All patients with intermittent venous
      obstruction were shown to have bilateral evidence of venous compression in
      abduction in the region of the root of the neck and half of them showed a similar
      bilateral compression in adduction. All patients with a previous acute thrombotic
      state showed venographic evidence of post-thrombotic changes in the affected limb
      and in the unaffected limb all showed evidence of venous compression in abduction
      and half showed evidence of venous compression in adduction. The control group
      exhibited no evidence of venous compression in either adduction or abduction.

PMID- 1194344
TI  - Haemodynamic assessment of the aorto-iliac segment.

PMID- 1194345
TI  - The injury potential of Fogarty balloon catheters.
AB  - The problem of arterial injury following embolectomy using a balloon catheter is
      reviewed. Three illustrative clinical cases are presented. The cause of the
      arterial injury in these cases was due to rupture of the vessel. The hypotheses
      were that either the vessel was ruptured by direct penetration or bursting by
      overdistension of the balloon. The linear appearances of the arterial tear in two
      patients and a false aneurysm in the third suggested that bursting was the
      correct explanation. Laboratory investigation was carried out on animals and
      human cadavers and these confirmed that arterial injury and bursting can be
      caused by over-distension of the balloon catheter. If the maker's recommendations
      are strictly adhered to; that is, the balloon should not be over-inflated and the
      correct volume of fluid used then rupture of the artery is unlikely by occur.

PMID- 1194347
TI  - Renal artery stenosis.

PMID- 1194346
TI  - An improved technique for below knee amputation.
AB  - The author describes a technique for below knee amputation using a long and very
      broad posterior flap where the main vessels are divided and ligated distally. Two
      large "dog ears" at the end of the stump are de-epithelialized and buried
      providing extra padding. The technique conserves maximum blood supply and has
      proved to be safer than the methods described previously.

PMID- 1194348
TI  - Ten years' experience in heart valve replacement with artificial prostheses:
      immediate and long-term results in 1812 cases.
AB  - A ten year follow up of 1,812 patients who underwent heart valve replacement with
      artificial prothesis between October 1963 and December 1973 is reported. Hospital
      mortality was 8.5% for aortic valve replacement; 13.6% for mitral valve
      replacement and 19.3% for multiple valve replacement. Late mortality was 13.3%
      for aortic valve replacement; 25.7% for mitral valve replacement and 25.9% for
      multiple valve replacement. The survival rate of the different groups of patients
      were actuarially determined. The survival rates following replacement of the
      aortic valves was 81% after 9 years. The main late complications are embolism and
      valve leakage. All surviving patients show a clinical improvement, particularly
      in the groups of isolated aortic a mitral valve replacement. The heart size
      reduction after operation has been measured. This is more evident 6 months after
      surgery: the average reduction was 23% after aortic valve replacement and 20%
      after mitral valve replacement.

PMID- 1194349
TI  - Vena cava umbrella filter: experimental, hemodynamic and embolization studies.
AB  - The Mobin-Uddin umbrella filter was placed into the inferior vena cava of mongrel
      dogs. Studies on hemodynamics and embolization were performed using blood flow
      and pressure determinations, cineangiography, and radiopaque emboli. Initially
      flow and pressure remained unaffected by the filter. At 70 minutes flow was only
      one fourth of the initial IVC flow. Immediately after positioning of the filter
      emboli up to 6 mm in diameter bypassed the filter, and smaller emboli passed
      through the perforations in the filter. Thrombus formation on the surface of the
      umbrella was already noted within one hour. At autopsy after two hours all the
      perforations were occluded by thrombus on both sides of the filter, and one week
      later the infrarenal vena cava was completely occluded by firm organized thrombus
      below and above the filter.

PMID- 1194350
TI  - The effect of isolated perfusion on limb circulation in peripheral arterial
      occlusion.
AB  - The effects of isolated limb perfusion were studied in 12 patients suffering from
      peripheral arterial occlusion. The hemodynamic investigations show that the
      vascular resistance decreases considerably during isolated limb perfusion. After
      administration of a vasodilator cocktail, added to the perfusion, the vascular
      resistance continues to decrease. Angiographic records, made before, during and
      after the perfusion, suggest that the calibre of the collateral vessels increases
      significantly and besides new collaterals can also be observed. The mechanism of
      the effects of isolated hyperbaric limb perfusion and its clinical value are
      discussed.

PMID- 1194351
TI  - In vivo assembly of tight junctions in fetal rat liver.
AB  - Examination of glutaraldehyde-fixed, freeze-fractured livers from 14-15-day rat
      fetuses provided the basis for the following observations. Membrane particles
      align in otherwise poorly particulated areas of the presumptive pericanalicular
      plasma membrane (A face), frequently forming a discontinuous "honey-comb" network
      joining small particle islands. Even at this early stage, contiguous B-fracture
      faces contain furrows, rather than rows of pits, distinguishing the linear
      particle aggregates on the A face as developing tight junctions rather than gap
      junctions. Short segments of these linear arrays merge with smooth ridges clearly
      identifiable as segments of discontinuous tight junctions. With the continuing
      confluence of particulate and smooth ridge segments, mature tight junctions
      become fully appreciable. We conclude that tight junctions form de novo by the
      alignment and fusion of separate particles into beaded ridges which, in turn,
      become confluent and are transformed into continuous smooth ones. At 21 days of
      fetal life, most of the images of assembly have disappeared, and the liver
      reveals well-formed bile canaliculi sealed by mature tight junctions.

PMID- 1194352
TI  - In vitro incorporation of (3H)threonine and (3H)glucose by the mucous and serous
      cells of the human bronchial submucosal gland. A quantitative electron microscope
      study.
AB  - Incorporation of [3H]threonine and [3H]glucose by the mucous and serous cells of
      the human bronchial submucosal gland has been studied over 8 h using, for the
      first time in vitro pulse labeling and electron microscope autoradiography. In
      assessing the autoradiographs, two methods were compared, the circle analysis and
      the recently described hypothetical grain analysis. Preliminary studies showed
      formaldehyde to be the most suitable fixative. Chemical analysis of tissue
      revealed that [3H]threonine was incorporated into the polypeptide moiety of the
      bronchial gland product and that metabolites of [3H]-glucose were incorporated
      into the carbohydrate. Tritiated threonine was first localized in the endoplasmic
      reticulum of both mucous and serous cells and later migrated to the Golgi
      apparatus, while metabolites of [3H]glucose localized first mainly in the Golgi
      apparatus. From here, both radioactive precursors were next identified in
      vacuoles and, finally, in secretory granules. The mucous cell incorporated
      strikingly more of both radioactive precursors than the serous cell. Thus, it
      seems that oligosaccharides of mucous and serous cell glycoproteins are
      synthesized mainly in the Golgi apparatus and added there to the polypeptide core
      which is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. The relationship of the mucous
      cell to the serous cell is discussed. It seems that under "normal" conditions
      each cell represents a different line but that injury may transform a serous cell
      into a mucous cell.

PMID- 1194354
TI  - The behavior of fibroblasts from the developing avian cornea. Morphology and
      movement in situ and in vitro.
AB  - The early chick cornea is composed of an acellular collagenous stroma lined with
      an anterior epithelium and a posterior endothelium. At stage 27-28 of development
      (5 1/2 days), this stroma swells so that the cornea is 75-120 mum thick. At the
      same time, fibroblasts that originate from the neural crest begin to invade this
      stroma. Using Nomarski light microscopy, we have compared the behavior of moving
      cells in isolated corneas with the migratory activities of the same cells in
      artificial collagen lattices and on glass. In situ, fibroblasts have cyclindrical
      bodies from which extend several thick pseudopodia and/or finer filopodia.
      Movement is accompanied by activity in these cytoplasmic processes. The flat
      ruffling lamelli-podia that characterize these cells on glass are not seen in
      situ, but the general mechanism of cell movement seems to be the same as that
      observed in vitro: either gross contraction or recoil of the cell body (now pear
      shaped) into the forward cell process, or more subtle "flowing" of cytoplasm into
      the forward cell process without immediate loss of the trailing cell process. We
      filmed collisions between cells in situ and in three-dimensional collagen
      lattices. These fibroblasts show, in their pair-wise collisions, the classical
      contact inhibition of movement (CIM) exhibited in vitro even though they lack
      ruffled borders. On glass these cells multi-layer, showing that, while CIM
      affects cell movement, fibroblasts can use one another as a substratum.
      Postmitotic cells show CIM in moving away from each other. Interestingly,
      dividing cells in situ do not exhibit surface blebbing, but do extend filopodia
      at telophase. The role of CIM in controlling cell movement in vivo and in vitro
      is stressed in the discussion.

PMID- 1194353
TI  - A chlorophyll-protein complex lacking in photosystem I mutants of Chlamydomonas
      reinhardtii.
AB  - Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of unheated, detergent-solubilized
      thylakoid membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gives two chlorophyll-protein
      complexes. Chlorophyll-protein complex I (CP I) is the blue-green in color and
      can be dissociated by heat into "free" chlorophyll and a constituent polypeptide
      (polypeptide 2; mol wt 66,000). Similar experiments with spinach and Chinese
      cabbage show that the higher plant CP I contains an equivalent polypeptide but of
      slightly lower molecular weight (64,000). Both polypeptide 2 and its counterpart
      in spinach are soluble in a 2:1 (vol/vol) mixture of chloroform-methanol.
      Chemical analysis reveals that C. reinhardtii CP I has a chlorophyll a to b
      weight ratio of about 5 and that it contains approximately 5% of the total
      chlorophyll and 8-9% of the total protein of the thylakoid membranes. Thus, it
      can be calculated that each constituent polypeptide chain is associated with
      eight to nine chlorophyll molecules. Attempts to measure the molecular weight of
      CP I by calibrated SDS gels were unsuccessul since the complex migrates
      anomalously in such gels. Two Mendelian mutants of C. reinhardtii, F1 and F14,
      which lack P700 but have normal photosystem I activity, do not contain CP I or
      the 66,000-dalton polypeptide in their thylakoid membranes. Our results suggest
      that CP I is essential for photosystem I reaction center activity and that P700
      may be associated with the 66,000-dalton polypeptide.

PMID- 1194355
TI  - Mobility of normal and virus-transformed cells in cellular aggregates.
AB  - The mobility of embryonic chick cells and cells of four established cell lines
      was examined in cellular aggregates. This was done by preparing aggregates of
      unlabeled cells and allowing cells of the same type, but prelabeled with
      [3H]thymidine, to adhere to the surface of the aggregates. After 2-1/2 days in
      agitated liquid culture the positions of the labeled cells within the aggregates
      were determined by autoradiographic techniques. Since the labeled and unlabeled
      cells were otherwise identical, the degree of penetration of the labeled cells
      into the aggregates was taken as a measure of the mixing or mobility of cells in
      the aggregate. With this procedure, embryonic chick liver, heart, and neural
      retina cells were found to move an average of 2.12, 2.68, and 4.00 cell diameters
      inward, respectively. Mouse fibroblast BALB/c 3T3 cells moved an average of 1.13
      cell diameters inward, while Simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed BALB/c 3T3 cells
      moved as much as 8.80 cell diameters inward, indicating that cells of the
      malignant SV40-transformed line were considerably more mobile than the
      corresponding nonmalignant 3T3 cells. In contrast, cells of the hamster
      fibroblast line NIL B moved 4.17 cell diameters in 2-1/2 days, while SV40
      transformed NIL B cells moved 3.00 cell diameters in the same time. It was
      therefore concluded that infection with oncogenic viruses does not necessarily
      result in increased cellular mobility.

PMID- 1194356
TI  - A stereological study of the glomerular filter in the rat. Morphometry of the
      slit diaphragm and basement membrane.
AB  - Kidney from normal male albino rats, of body weight 170-200 g, was fixed by
      arterial perfusion with buffered tannic acid-glutaraldehyde, and postfixed with
      osmium tetroxide. Random and isotropic ultrathin sections from 23 different
      glomeruli from five rats were mounted on slot grids for staining and electron
      microscopy. Prints of whole glomeruli at a magnification of 3,909 were analyzed
      by stereological methods. The mean glomerular volume was (8.048 +/- 0.474) X
      10(5) mum3 if the glomeruli are treated as spheres. The area of the basement
      membrane was 0.281 +/- 0.017 mm2 per glomerulus, of which 0.184 +/- 0.011 mm2
      represents peripheral basement membrane. The aggregate epithelial slit length per
      glomerulus was 65.19 +/- 3.84 cm, of which 48.69 +/- 2.87  cm represents
      epithelial slits abutting on the peripheral basement membrane. Assuming that a
      slit diaphragm is 390 A wide, and that the pores of the slit diaphragm represent
      26% of its area, the mean pore area is 3.96 cm2, of which 2.96 cm2 represents the
      area of peripheral pores. These findings are discussed in the context of the
      hydrodynamic theory of glomerular ultrafiltration. We conclude that the porous
      substructure of the glomerular slit diaphragm is significant in determining the
      hydraulic conductivity of the glomerulus and hence also solute flux during
      ultrafiltration.

PMID- 1194357
TI  - Intercellular communication in the rat anterior pituitary gland. An in vivo and
      in vitro study.
AB  - The concept of "stimulus-secretion coupling" suggested by Douglas and co-workers
      to explain the events related to monamine discharge by the adrenal medulla (5, 7)
      may be applied to other endocrine tissues, such as adrenal cortex (36),
      pancreatic islets (4), and magnocellular hypothalamic neurons (6), which exhibit
      a similar ion-dependent process of hormone elaboration. In addition, they share
      another feature, that of joining neighbor cells via membrane junctions (12, 26,
      and Fletcher, unpublished observation). Given this, and the reports that hormone
      secretion by the pars distalis also involves a secretagogue-induced decrease in
      membrane bioelectric potential accompanied by a rise in cellular [Ca++] (27, 34,
      41), it was appropriate to test the possibility that cells of the anterior
      pituitary gland are united by junctions.

PMID- 1194358
TI  - Double labeling with [3H]thymidine and [125I]iododeoxyuridine as a method for
      determining the fate of injected DNA and cells in vivo.
AB  - Mice were injected intravenously and intraperitoneally with preparations of
      intestinal nucleoprotein, spleen nuclei, mouse thymus cells, or human kidney T
      cells whose DNA had been labeled with both [3H]thymidine (TdR) and [125I]
      iododeoxyuridine (IUdR). Since free TdR is reutilized more efficiently than free
      IUdR produced by enzymic hydrolysis of the exogenous DNA, the ratio of
      [3H]TdR/[125I]IUdR in the DNA fraction of the tissues of the recipient mice
      provides a measure of the amount of intact exogenous DNA in the tissue. In most
      instances, the doubly labeled exogenous DNA was almost completely hydrolyzed
      within 1 day injection, but survival of the DNA from whole cells could be
      demonstrated in some cases.

PMID- 1194359
TI  - Calcium accumulations within the growing tips of pollen tubes.
AB  - Pollen of L. longiflorum was grown in 45Ca-labeled medium and washed with
      nonradioactive medium. Whole, labeled pollen was then frozen and autoradiographed
      at -78 degrees C. The autoradiographs show striking accumulations of 45Ca in the
      growing tips of the pollen tubes. This result is obtained when the pollen is
      labeled for times as short as 1 min, or as long as 5 h. In most cases, the tip
      concentration is about two to four times greater than that in the bulk of the
      pollen tube, and extends for a length of about 20 mum. In autoradiographs of
      tubes longer than 1 mm, a small fraction of cells show a distinctly larger 45Ca
      accumulation, the tip containing more than 100 times that in the rest of the
      cell. The 1- to 5-h labeling experiments show that calcium is relatively
      concentrated within the cytoplasm of the growing tip. The 1- to 3-min labeling
      experiments suggest that calcium may enter the tip faster than it enters other
      regions. These patterns of calcium accumulation and flux may be related to the
      localized secretion of vesicles at the grow;ng tip.

PMID- 1194361
TI  - A reduction in energy-dependent amino acid transport by microtubular inhibitors
      in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
AB  - Vincristine, other periwinkle alkaloids, and colchicine partially inhibit the
      energy dependent transport of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid in Ehrlich ascites tumor
      cells. The properties of this phenomenon were characterized in detail for
      vincristine. Maximum depression of the steady-state intracellular alpha
      aminoisobutyric acid level was achieved with a vincristine concentration of less
      than 0.5 muM. The inhibitory effect of vincristine increases as the extracellular
      alpha-aminoisobutyric acid concentration is increased reaching a maximum,
      however, of only approximately to 25% at a level of 5 mM, leaving a large
      gradient for alpha-aminoisobutyric acid across the cell membrane. Vincristine
      produced an asymmetrical uptake rate, while increasing the efflux of alpha
      aminoisobutyric acid. Inhibition of net alpha-aminoisobutyric acid transport by
      vincristine was partially reversible (approximately to 40%). Colchicine (50 muM)
      reduced the steady-state alpha-aminoisobutyric acid level by 30%, an effect that
      was not reversible. Inhibition by vinleurosine and vinrosidine was comparable to
      that of vincristine. Addition of glucose to the medium resulted in a small, but
      significant, decrease in the inhibitory effects of both vincristine and
      colchicine. The data indicate that these agents inhibit a small component of the
      uphill transport of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
      The inhibitory effect of vincristine cannot be attributed to an increase in the
      passive permeability of the cell membrane to this agent. Rather, the data along
      with other studies from this laboratory suggest that vincristine reduces the
      energy-dependent transport of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid by either inhibiting
      cellular energy metabolism or by inhibiting cellular energy metabolism or by
      inhibiting the coupling of energy-metabolism to the transport of this amino acid
      and raises the possibility that cellular microtubules play a role in these
      processes.

PMID- 1194360
TI  - Concurrent development of resistance to 6-azauridine and adenosine in a mouse
      cell line.
AB  - A variant of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient, and
      adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient mouse resistant to 6-azauridine.
      These cells are not only resistant to 6-azauridine (5 X 10(-4) M), but also to
      adenosine (10(-3) M). Resistance persists indefinitely even in the absence of
      both compounds. The resistant cells are killed by 5-fluorouridine (10(-6) M),
      indicating that the part of the salvage pathway for pyrimidine ribonucleotide
      biosynthesis which is relevant to the action of 6-azauridine is intact. The
      heritable change producing concurrent resistance to 6-azauridine and adenosine
      probably involves the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway.

PMID- 1194363
TI  - Cell attachment to collagen: the requirement for energy.
AB  - It has previously been demonstrated that cell attachment to collagen depends on
      the presence of a serum-derived cell attachment factor. Two steps in the cell
      attachment process have been defined. First, the cell attachment factor can bind
      to collagen in the absence of divalent cations. Secondly, either Ca++ or Mg++ are
      required for cells to attach to the collagen-cell attachment factor complex. A
      third requirement for cell attachment to collagen is demonstrated here; namely,
      cellular metabolic energy. A simple method for the assay of ATP in tissue culture
      cells is presented.

PMID- 1194362
TI  - Control of normal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells. VIII. Induction of
      differentiation to mature granulocytes in mass culture.
AB  - There are three types of myeloid leukemic cells, IR+D, IR+D- and IR-D-. IR+D+
      cells were induced to differentiate to granulocytes in mass culture in liquid
      medium by conditioned medium (CM) from cultures of lungs from mice injected with
      endotoxin. About 90% of the leukemic cells were induced to differentiate, 50% to
      mature granulocytes and 40% to intermediate stages. An efficient induction of
      granulocyte differentiation was also obtained with CM from primary cultures of
      rat embryo or human spleen and there was a lower activity with CM from various
      other sources. IR+D- cells were induced to differentiate to about 20% cells with
      intermediate stages but not to mature granulocytes; IR-D- cells could not be
      induced to differentiate to intermediate or mature stages. IR+D+ cells were
      induced to form intermediate stages of granulocyte differentiation, to
      phagocytose and to attach to the surface of the Petri dish, three days after
      incubation with CM. Optimum induction of mature granulocytes required six more
      days incubation with CM. Mature granulocytes induced from leukemic cells showed
      cytochemical properties and a morphology in the electron microscope similar to
      that of normal mature granulocytes. These induced granulocytes did not form
      leukemiac in animals or colonies in agar. The granulocytes induced from the
      myeloid leukemic cells, therefore, behaved like normal mature granulocytes.

PMID- 1194364
TI  - Isolation and characterization of alkaline phosphatase-constitutive variants from
      Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-k1).
AB  - Pure clones with high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were isolated from
      Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells which showed no detectable ALP activity. ALP
      positive cells appeared at the frequency of 10(-4) in the N-methyl-N'
      nitrosoguanidine-treated cell population. With respect for cellular morphology,
      plating efficiency and several other enzymatic activities, no distinct difference
      was found between the original CHO-K1 cells and its ALP-positive variants,
      although some alterations in karyotype were found. Levels of ALP activity in
      these clones was stably maintained during serial cultivation. Some of the
      enzymological properties of ALP in the isolated clones were similar to those in
      bone or kidney.

PMID- 1194365
TI  - A comparative study of the effects of lucanthone (miracil D) and actinomycin D on
      the Chinese hamster cells grown in cultures.
AB  - Chinese hamster cells of an established clone line grown in monolayers were
      incubated for up to two hours with either lucanthone (0.3-30 mug/ml) or
      actinomycin D (0.06-0.10 MUG/ML) AND SUbjected to radioautographic investigations
      with 3H-uridine during the period of treatment. At concentration of 9 mug/ml
      lucanthone selectively inhibited the synthesis of nucleolar (ribosomal) RNA while
      the extranucleolar RNA synthesis proceeded at a high level. Similar results were
      obtained with 0.08 mug/ml actinomycin D. Protein synthesis and mitotic activity
      were also affected by lucanthone but the drug did not markedly interfere with DNA
      synthesis. Lucanthone appeared to be much less effective in cell killing than 
      actinomycin D and its inhibitory effects on the nucleolar RNA synthesis and other
      cellular processes proved readily reversible. The results allow to conclude that
      lucanthone may be useful as a tool for studying RNA synthesis in animal cells.

PMID- 1194366
TI  - N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine, an inhibitor of cellular transport of uridine
      and cytidine.
AB  - N6-(delta2-Isopentenyl)adenosine (IPAR) inhibited severely the incorporation of
      uridine and cytidine into S-180 cells in culture. When IPAR and the nucleosides
      were simultaneously present in the medium the inhibition was competitive (Ki 3.4
      muM) and indicated inhibition of transport. However, the inhibition occurred even
      in the absence of extracellular IPAR if the cells had been preincubated with
      IPAR. Since 5'-IPAMP was the product which accumulated in large quantities in S
      180 cells when incubated with IPAR, the effects of this AMP analog of the
      intracellular metabolism of uridine had to be considered. No direct correlation
      between the amount of intracellular IPAMP and the degree of inhibition of uridine
      utilization was observed and the relative distribution of uridine nucleotides in
      the acid soluble pool of the cells was unaltered in cells treated with IPAR.
      Also, IPAMP was not an inhibitor of uridine kinase in a cell free system nor was
      the activity of this enzyme affected by treatment of cells with IPAR. In
      addition, a profound inhibition of uridine utilization was also observed in a
      resistant subline of S-180 cells, which is unable to form IPAMP. These data
      suggest that IPAMP was not the inhibitory agent. Furthermore, the observation
      that the inhibition in both sensitive and resistant cells was caused even by a 15
      second exposure to 100 muM IPAR, followed by rinsing, suggests that IPAR itself
      is the effective agent. It is concluded that IPAR exerts its inhibitory effect on
      uridine and cytidine utilization by becoming lodged in the cell membrane and
      thereby preventing the passage of these nucleosides into the cells. It is also
      shown that the inhibition of uridine and cytidine utilization by IPAR and by
      other potent nucleoside uptake inhibitors is unrelated to inhibition of growth or
      RNA-synthesis when the cells do not depend on an extracellular source of a
      nucleoside for growth.

PMID- 1194368
TI  - Effects of withdrawal of a serum stimulus on the protein-synthesizing machinery
      of cultured fibroblasts.
AB  - 3T6 cells resting in medium containing 0.5% serum were stimulated to prepare for
      multiplication by the addition of medium containing 10% serum. After a number of
      hours, when the rate of preribosomal RNA synthesis, total RNA content (mainly
      ribosomal), and the cytoplasmic content of poly A (a measure of poly A(+) mRNA)
      were considerably elevated, the serum-rich medium was withdrawn, and the original
      medium replaced. The rate of preribosomal RNA synthesis began to drop within 30
      minutes, but required a much longer time to fall to a new resting level. When the
      serum-rich medium was withdrawn after 12 hours of stimulation, the total RNA
      content required 12-18 hours to fall to the resting level, whereas cytoplasmic
      poly A content and the rate of protein synthesis declined more rapidly, reaching
      a new resting level within eight hours. During the 12 hours following withdrawal
      of the serum-rich medium an appreciable fraction of the cells initiated DNA
      synthesis. Presumably, the cellular preparations for DNA synthesis cannot be
      immediately reversed because of the inertial factors related to the protein
      synthesizing machinery.

PMID- 1194367
TI  - Growth limitation of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts by available growth surface area and
      medium components.
AB  - Studies with untransformed fibroblasts demonstrate that growth of these cells in
      culture can be limited by the availability of both growth surface and medium
      components. Experiments using cells grown on coverslips, in which the only
      variable was available growth surface, indicate that when the medium to cell
      ratio is high, surface area is the principal factor limiting growth. At low
      medium to cell ratios, however, growth of cells is predominantly limited by
      medium components. The final number of cells per culture is almost directly
      proportional to available surface area when the culture medium is changed daily.

PMID- 1194369
TI  - Growth enhancement of myogenic tumor cells by conditioned medium from embryo
      fibroblasts.
AB  - Growth medium was conditioned by incubation on mouse embryo cells in vitro.
      Supplementation of agar suspension cultures with conditioned medium from primary
      cells, but not from established lines, readily enhanced colony development by
      mouse tumor cells. Only cells with the properties of myoblasts responded to
      conditioned medium. Other fibroblastoid cells and virus-transformed cell lines
      were not affected. Myogenic cells in agar cultures grew in the presence of
      conditioned medium but did not differentiate. Soluble collagen at 400 mug/ml
      possessed little colony-stimulating activity by comparison with fresh conditioned
      medium.

PMID- 1194370
TI  - Myosin in developing normal and dystrophic chicken pectoralis. I. Synthesis and
      degradation.
AB  - The synthesis and degradation of pectoralis myosin have been investigated in
      chickens 15-23 days after hatching. An essentially nonreutilizable tracer amino
      acid was used to demonstrate differences in the rates of synthesis and
      degradation of myosin isolated from normal and hypertrophied, cystrophic breast
      tissue. The analyses have shown that the dystrophic system  synthesizes myosin
      faster than the normal system and that only myosin in dystrophic pectoralis is
      degraded during the experimental period. Double label experiments have indicated
      that the heavy chains of dystrophic myosin are destroyed at a rate greater than
      that characteristic of the light chains.

PMID- 1194371
TI  - Myosin in developing normal and dystrophic chicken pectoralis. II. The
      relationship between intracellular and extracellular aspartate pools and myosin
      synthesis.
AB  - The present studies establish the cellular pool of aspartate as the major source
      of this amino acid used during the biosynthesis of skeletal muscle myosin. The
      precursor=product relationship has been established in growing, normal pectoralis
      and has been suggested in hypertrophied, dystrophic pectoralis. Specific
      activities of aspartic acid in plasma and cellular pools corrected for
      extracellular space contributions have been correlated with aspartate
      incorporation onto myosin. These data have been coupled with quantitative data on
      myosin accumulation and have established the cellular pool as the major precursor
      pool. The data also give further insight into some of the factors responsible for
      the observation that in vivo dystrophic tissue gives higher levels of aspartate
      incorporation than normal tissue.

PMID- 1194372
TI  - Decreased 3H-uridine incorporation and increased 3H-adenosine incorporation by
      HeLa cells exposed to autologous culture fluid.
AB  - Actively growing HeLa monolayer cultures briefly exposed to the culture fluids
      (CF) from confluent HeLa cultures and labeled simultaneously or subsequently,
      incorporated less 3H-uridine (3H-UR) but more 3H-adenosine (3H-AR) than control
      cultures similarly exposed to fresh medium and labeled. Exposure to CF inhibited
      the uptake as well as the incorporation of 3H-UR by cultures. The inhibition of
      3H-UR incorporation by CF-exposed cultures could be reduced by increasing the
      concentration of 3H-UR in the labeling medium. Both the inhibition of 3H-UR
      incorporation and the stimulation of 3H-AR incorporation were prevented by
      washing the CF-treated cultures with phosphate buffered saline before labeling.
      Similarly, both effects could be producted in HeLa cultures exposed to fresh
      medium containing 1 X 10(-5) M uridine instead of to CF. Therefore, the observed
      effects of CF on label incorporation were probably due to the presence of uridine
      or a related compound, and the inhibition of 3H-UR incorporation resulted from
      reduced uptake of 3H-UR rather than from reduced RNA synthesis by exposed cells.
      The active agent in the CF, formed only when cultures were incubated at
      physiological temperatures, was not a product of medium decay. It was a cellular
      product formed equally well by cultures incubated in medium containing dialysed
      or whole serum.

PMID- 1194373
TI  - The kinetics of serum-induced initiation of DNA synthesis in BHK 21/C13 cells,
      and the influence of exogenous adenosine.
AB  - After the re-addition of serum in the presence of adenosine (25 muM), the entry
      of quiescent, serum starved BHK 21 cells into DNA synthesis follows first order
      kinetics after a well defined lag period of eight hours, and with a rate constant
      dependent on serum concentration. Initiation of DNA synthesis under these
      conditions can therefore be considered to be a random event occurring with a
      "Transition Probability" determined by the serum concentration. In the presence
      of adenosine, the change of Transition Probability following the addition of
      serum occurs abruptly. In the absence of exogenous adenosine, however, the change
      of Transition Probability after serum addition appears to be both gradual and bi
      phasic. The initial changes in the absence of adenosine, though smaller in
      magnitude, display a similar dependence on serum concentration to the changes
      occurring in the presence of the nucleoside. In contrast, the secondary gradual
      increase of Transition Probability in the absence of added purines exhibits a
      higher serum requirement. It is suggested that the regulation of Transition
      Probability by serum involves some purine-dependent process, and that in the
      absence of an exogenous supply this becomes limited by endogenous synthesis which
      in turn may be dependent on serum concentration.

PMID- 1194374
TI  - Anchorage dependent changes in transport of glucose, adenosine, uridine and
      leucine in 3T3 cells.
AB  - There is a low uptake of leucine in suspension cultures of 3T3 cells relative to
      the uptake in sparse monolayer cultures. The pattern of uptake of deoxyglucose is
      similar in suspension and monolayer cultures and changing the medium or adding
      serum stimulates uptake under both culture conditions. The uptake of uridine and
      adenosine is greater in suspension culture than in monolayer culture. Cells do
      not multiply in suspension culture but do multiply in monolayer culture and thus
      there is a correlation between uptake of leucine and conditions which stimulate
      cell multiplication, but not correlation of the uptake of deoxyglucose, uridine
      and adenosine with these conditions.

PMID- 1194375
TI  - Non-mendelian segregation in hybrids between chinese hamster cells.
AB  - Mechanisms of segregation have been examined in hybrids between Chinese hamster
      cells, where chromosome loss in comparison to other systems is minimal. Hybrid
      cells were grown in HAT medium and subjected to back selection with
      bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR) or azaguanine (AZG). In AZG or BUDR at 30 mug/ml,
      segregation began with a random high frequency event  that gave rise to cells
      capable of growth in both HAT and back selection medium, unlike the precursor
      hybrid or original parental cell types. BUDR-resistant segregants were propagated
      serially in the presence of BUDR, and were examined by clonal analysis for
      changes in plating properties during long term culture. Over a period of 300 days
      the HAT/BUDR plating ratio for sergregant cells declined continuously. A parallel
      decrease was observed in the rate of H3-thymidine incorporation, along with a
      drop in thymidine kinase activity. These shifts took place only in the presence
      of BUDR, and could be reversed by altered selection in HAT medium. Clonal studies
      showed that the evolution of segregant properties occurred in most if not all
      cells of the population, and did not arise from variation and selection of
      minority cell types. These properties of the segregating system are not
      consistent with models based on gene mutation, chromosome  rearrangements, or
      chromosome loss. The evolution of segregants resembles more closely a sorting-out
      progress, taking place by intracellular selection over many generations. The
      segregating units may conceivably be cytoplasmic determinants linked functionally
      to nuclear genes, and which serve to modulate the events of phenotypic
      expression. Several lines of evidence which bear on this concept are discussed.

PMID- 1194376
TI  - Chromosomal proteins of rat brain: increased synthesis and affinity for DNA
      following a pulse of the carcinogen ethyinitrosourea in vivo.
AB  - A single pulse of ethlnitrosourea (EtNU), administered to 10-day-old BD IX-rats,
      specifically results in a high incidence of neuroectodermal tumors in the central
      and peripheral nervous system. At five days after an EtNU-pulse, analyses of
      protein-DNA interactions were performed using chromatin dissociation and re
      association experiments, following incorporation of radioactive leucine into
      brain chromosomal proteins (CP) during short-term suspension culture. In
      comparison with 15-day-old control animals, the brain cells of EtNU-treated rats
      exhibited (i) an increased rate of CP synthesis, and (ii) an increased affinity
      of the newly-synthesized CP for brain DNA of both control and EtNU-treated
      animals.

PMID- 1194377
TI  - Occupational cancer control and prevention.

PMID- 1194378
TI  - A space-filling model of the active site region of carboxypeptidase A.

PMID- 1194379
TI  - The kinetics and inhibition of the enzyme methemoglobin reductase. A biochemistry
      experiment.

PMID- 1194380
TI  - Consumer drug index.

PMID- 1194381
TI  - Chemistry in natural water systems. A general discussion.

PMID- 1194382
TI  - A method of structure-activity correlation using Wiswesser Line Notation.
AB  - Fragment sets generated manually from Wiswesser Line Notation have been used to
      correlate the chemical structures of a group of 79 penicillins with their serum
      binding activity, using multiple regression analysis. Statistically significant
      correlations were found, with results in accordance with the generally accepted
      nature of the binding. Algorithmic methods for the generation of such fragment
      sets are proposed and the use of various structural representations for structure
      property correlation within chemical information systems is discussed.

PMID- 1194383
TI  - Developing drug literatures. 1. Bibliometrics of baclofen and dantrolene sodium.
AB  - The literatures of two antispastic drugs, baclofen and dantrolene sodium, were
      studied bibliometrically for their first decade and were found to be generally
      similar. Baclofen had 93 papers and dantrolene sodium had 70. About a quarter of
      the baclofen papers were in a foreign language, whereas almost all dantrolene
      sodium papers were in English. Baclofen literature had a lower nonscholarly
      content, but the scholarly increase, 5%, was the same for both. Both drugs had an
      average of 12 references per paper. The literatures of both drugs had a similar
      degree of internal cohesiveness; almost half of their papers referred to other
      papers in the same drug collection. The first human paper for baclofen was the
      second published; for dantrolene sodium, it was the eleventh. The distribution of
      journals carrying papers on each of these drugs followed Bradford's law. Two
      authors per paper was the average for each drug. The productivity of authors
      approximated Lotka's law for both drugs. About two-thirds of the papers of both
      drugs had a drug-word in their titles. The literature of both drugs contained
      about 15% legendary papers, typical of clinical pharmacology. The most intense
      papers, 15 for baclofen and 11 for dantrolene sodium, were identified, using
      citation, bibliographic coupling, and co-citation frequencies. A generalization
      predicts what might be expected from the literature of future antispastic drugs.

PMID- 1194384
TI  - Specialized reference works and their users. A preliminary study.
AB  - An examination of the use of three specialized reference works was made to
      identify users of the reference tools and the benefits from their use. The
      feasibility of locating and interviewing users was tested, and an attempt was
      made to determine the situations in which the works are used. Methods of locating
      users are described. Users were interviewed to determine the value of each work
      and alternative sources of information. The works were compared with alternative
      sources to test their comprehensiveness. Conclusions are: (1) identification of
      users and their needs is complex, and requires the combination of a number of
      research methods; (2) the availability and accessibility of alternate information
      sources varies with both the reference work and the type of user.

PMID- 1194385
TI  - A survey of the use of on-line computer-based scientific search services by
      academic libraries.
AB  - To explore their use of on-line computer-based bibliographic search services, a
      one-page questionnaire was sent to 100 academic libraries in the United States
      having separate departmental chemistry or science libraries. An attempt was made
      to determine the background training of the persons performing the searches, who
      the end users were, the growth trend, the funding, the data bases used, and the
      value to the users. Of the 73 replies, 49.3% indicated use of such services,
      while 24.6% were planning to use them primarily by faculty and graduate students.
      Of those reporting, 83.3% used searchers with a background in library or
      information science; 47.2% had a background in scientific discipline. Two or more
      on-line services were used by 72.2%. A majority of respondents stated that the
      user paid all expenses or a portion of the expenses. The searches met the needs
      of the user most of the time in 83.3% of the cases, and all of the time in 5.4%.

PMID- 1194386
TI  - [Indications for re-operation for infectious complication of abdominal surgery].
AB  - The onset of infective phenomena following abdominal surgical operations requires
      a full assessment based on the danger of septic intraperitoneal focus, which can
      only be cured by surgery. The indications for re-operation depend on the
      presence, or absence, of two types of symptom: Firstly, the existence of local
      signs, such as peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, whether clinically or on
      XRay. Furthermore, the onset of general signs, such as septicemia, septic shock,
      acute organic renal failure, or interstitial pneumonia, may lead to re-operation,
      even in the absence of local abdominal signs, provided one has eliminated any
      obvious extra-peritoneal septic focus.

PMID- 1194387
TI  - [Embolism in healthy arteries].
AB  - The authors present a series of 64 patients with arterial embolism in healthy
      arteries. 53 of these patients underwent one or several embolectomies, using a
      Fogarty catheter. Although arterial embolism has a poor prognosis owing to the
      constitutional background (15 p. 100 mortality and 12 p. 100 amputations), this
      is mainly due to the age of the patient. The severity of the initial attack and
      the delay between embolism and embolectomy seem to be the main factors in
      prognosis. Massive ischemia causes severe symptoms in these fragile patients and
      an early cure is necessary to compensate this disturbance. Heparin perfusion,
      whilst awaiting surgical treatment, is essential. Embolectomy by Fogarty's
      catheter may be carried out under local anesthesia; this remains the essential
      measure and has greatly improved the prognosis of this disease which used to be
      fatal in almost 60 p. 100 of cases, even in healthy arteries.

PMID- 1194388
TI  - [Experimental portal hypertension in the dog].
AB  - Portal hypertension may be obtained in the dog at three levels: by blocking the
      venous circulation either above, within or below the liver. Portal hypertension
      by venous obstruction below the liver is obtained by partial ligature of the
      portal vein using a ring covered with talcum powder. The fibrous reaction thus
      created causes occlusion of the portal vein in 50 p. 100 of cases. This portal
      hypertension is transient and is not accompanied by oesophageal varices. The
      special anatomical lay-out of the portal system in the dog, explains these
      findings.

PMID- 1194389
TI  - [Surgical treatment of autonomous chronic pancreatitis (apropos of 147 cases)].
AB  - Surgery in chronic pancreatitis gives only poor results: 40 p. 100 of cures or
      long-term improvements. Apart from certain mistaken indications, three factors
      are associated with a poor prognosis: calcification, late operation, persistence
      of alcoholism. However, mechanical complications, such as jaundice, pyloric
      stenosis, digestive hemorrhage and pseudo-cyst, are the main undoubted
      indications for operation. The choice of operation depends mainly on the state of
      Wirsung's duct. Usually, either part of the gland is removed or an internal
      digestive fistula is performed. Removal of the left lobe of the pancreas gives
      good results. Cephalic duodeno-pancreatectomy which is satisfactory in the short
      term, does not give, in the long run, better results than those of drainage
      operations. Pseudo-cysts are treated by removal when situated in the body or the
      tail and a drainage operation in the cephalic form. Simple operations should be
      preferred.

PMID- 1194391
TI  - [Results of primary reconstructive arthrodesis of the calcaneus (study of a
      homogenous series of 55 fractures of the medical surface of the calceneus)].
AB  - 55 cases of calcanear fractures (thalamus) have been treated with the Stulz
      procedure (early subtalar arthrodesis and calcanear reconstruction), associated
      with a repair of the great apophyse. All the cases are comparable and the results
      are considered as good or excellent in 93,8 p. 100 of them. The results are
      interpreted accordingly to subjective and objective tests. The result is
      depending of the type of the lesion, the patient's profession and the nature of
      the trauma. The result obtained at the time of fracture uniting will stay stable,
      will never deteriorate and sometimes improve. The early arthrodesis and
      reconstruction remains a good procedure for the comminutive fractures of the
      thalamus, which are considered as the most difficult to correct perfectly. For
      this reason, the simple reconstruction is often responsible of secondary subtalar
      arthrosis.

PMID- 1194390
TI  - [Direct approach for bypass of the distal deep femoral artery. The supra
      mediocrural route].
AB  - The medio-femoral route permits a simple, direct approach to the distal part of
      the profunda femoris artery outside Scarpas triangle, i.e. below the first
      perforating artery. The quadriceps femoris and sartorius muscles are separated.
      This segment may reach the lower part of the popliteal artery through various
      collaterals supplying the muscle and nerve arteries and, hence, the leg. In
      selected cases with severe ischemia and absent femoral pulse, a by-pass operation
      carried out at this level permitted one to obtain a satisfactory arterial blood
      supply to the leg and foot. Used in only three patients, with a follow-up of
      several months, we cannot yet draw final conclusions, but the quality of the
      early results is evidence for the interest of the method.

PMID- 1194392
TI  - [Hepatocellular hamartoma].

PMID- 1194393
TI  - [Benign mesothelioma of the peritoneum].

PMID- 1194394
TI  - Rapid and selective determination of free barbiturates by gas chromatography
      using the electrolytic conductivity detector.
AB  - A rapid and specific gas chromatographic method for the analysis of free
      barbiturates in serum and urine at all levels of clinical interest is described.
      The method employs an improved electrolytic conductivity detector, and can be
      used for the determination of barbiturate levels of 0.01 mg/dl without sample
      clean-up. The preparation of columns for the analysis of nanogram quantities of
      free barbiturates is also discussed.

PMID- 1194395
TI  - Chromatographic analysis of hydrocarbons in marine sediments and seawater.
AB  - The low concentration of hydrocarbons anticipated in pollution baseline studies
      necessitates the development of analytical techniques sensitive at the sub
      microgram per kilogram concentration level. The method of analysis developed in
      this laboratory involves dynamic headspace sampling for volatile hydrocarbon
      components of the sample, followed by coupled-column liquid chromatography for
      the non-volatile components. These techniques require minimal sample handling,
      reducing the risk of sample component loss and/or sample contamination. Volatile
      sample components are separated from the matrix in a closed system and
      concentrated on a TENAX-GC packed pre-column, free from large amounts of solvent
      and ready for GC/GC-MS analysis. Non-volatile compounds, such as the benzpyrenes,
      may be extracted from large volumes of water and concentrated on a Bondapak C18
      packed pre-column for coupled-column liquid chromatographic separation and
      analysis. Results of the application of these techniques to the analysis of
      samples from sites of known low level hydrocarbon contamination are presented and
      discussed.

PMID- 1194396
TI  - Trace analysis of vinyl chloride in PVC and in the atmosphere.

PMID- 1194397
TI  - Reverse phase thin-layer chromatographic separation of bromodiphenhydramine and
      diphenhydramine.
AB  - A thin-layer chromatographic system is described for the separation of
      diphenhydramine and bromodiphenhydramine which is based on a reverse phase paper
      chromatographic system developed by J. Vecerkova (2,3) in 1962. Chromatographic
      systems for this separation described in the literature and several systems
      attempted in this laboratory using normal chromatography have not proven
      successful. The method using reverse phase thin-layer chromatography involves a
      stationary phase of mineral oil on silica gel G and a mobile phase of
      ethanol:water:ammonium hydroxide, 28% NH3, (55:43:2). A 10-cm length of run
      requires about three hours and provides an excellent separation of the two
      compounds for identification-differentiation purposes.

PMID- 1194398
TI  - TLC screening techniques for the qualitative determination of natural and
      synthetic capsaicinoids.
AB  - Three TLC methods of qualitative screening of capsicum products are described. A
      procedure using a two-dimensional reversed phase system and bromination of the
      sample gave the greatest flexibility but required the longest time. A one
      dimensional reversed phase system using silver ion to complex with the
      unsaturated components is also described. Polyamide plates using silver ion in
      the developing solvent gave the greatest speed of the three methods compared.

PMID- 1194399
TI  - Preparation of superior thin-layer chromatograms for quantitative in situ
      densitometry by nonequilibrated development. I. Trisulfapyrimidines:
      sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine.
AB  - A method of obtaining controlled nonequilibrated horizontal plate development by
      employing a developing system open to room atmosphere is described and compared
      with other plate-developing techniques. Nonequilibrated plate development
      produced spot configurations with the precise physical outline and densitometric
      distribution needed for optical scanning.

PMID- 1194400
TI  - Luminescence analysis of anti-inflammatory agents in blood or plasma following
      thin-layer chromatographic separation.
AB  - The luminescence properties of some anti-inflammatory agents and of 6-chloro
      1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole-2-carbox-ylic acid, 6-chloro-9-[2-(2-methyl-5
      pyridyl)ethyl]-1,2,3,4-tet-rahydrocarbazole-2-methanol.HCl, and (d,l)-6-chloro
      alpha-methyl-carbazole-2-acetic acid have been examined at both ambient and
      cryogenic temperatures. Assays were developed for indomethacin, the
      tetrahydrocarbazoles, and the carbazole based upon solvent extraction from blood
      or plasma, thin-layer chromatographic separation of the drugs from interfering
      materials and phosphorimetry of the eluted materials. The solvent elution may be
      accomplished either by manual scraping and elution or by the use of a
      semiautomated elution apparatus. These two techniques were compared with respect
      to overall recovery and precision using both fluorometry and phosphorimetry.

PMID- 1194401
TI  - Thin-layer and gas chromatographic screening programs for new drug substances.
AB  - Procedures are described for evaluation of the thin-layer and gas chromatographic
      properties of new raw material drug substances over a broad spectrum of
      conditions. Chromatographic profiles are established for each drug, and these are
      used as starting points for analytical procedures for the drug, its synthetic
      precursors, and its degradation products. Thin-layer chromatography is performed
      initially by use of three absorbents and a series of six solvents. Gas
      chromatography is performed initially by temperature programming on a series of
      six different columns, followed by isothermal experiments. Evaluation of
      resulting chromatograms from both techniques determines whether more experiments
      are necessary or whether an analytical method can be developed based directly on
      one of the results of the initial screening.

PMID- 1194402
TI  - Quantitative removal of aflatoxins from thin-layer chromatographic plates.

PMID- 1194403
TI  - Comparison of the counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique with the Reiter protein
      and three other serological tests as a first line test for syphilis.
AB  - The counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique with the Reiter protein (RP-CIE) was
      compared with two complement fixation tests (Kolmer and RPCF) and a flocculation
      test (VDRL) in sensitivity and specificity. Of the 1,927 consecutive attendants
      of a venereal disease clinic whose serum samples were used, 250 were considered
      to be syphilitic. The number of true-positive and false-positive reactions were:
      121 and 4 (VDRL), 124 and 2 (Kolmer), 179 and 41 (RPCF), 166 and 16 (RP-CIE). The
      VDRL and the RPCF combined were more sensitive and less specific than the VDRL
      combined with the Kolmer. If the RPCF was replaced by the RP-CIE the sensitivity
      remained the same but the specificity was higher. The RP-CIE scored more
      positives than the RPCF in untreated cases of primary syphilis. The results argue
      for substitution of the RP-CIE for the Kolmer in the combination with the VDRL in
      the serodiagnosis for syphilis. Moreover, the RP-CIE presents the technical
      advantages of simplicity, speed of performance, and of not being hampered by the
      anticomplementary nature of the serum sample.

PMID- 1194404
TI  - Rapid separation of immunoglobulin M from immunoglobulin G antibodies for
      reliable diagnosis of recent rubella infections.
AB  - Chromatography on controlled pore glass was adapted for the separation of
      immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) rubella antibodies from 0.3-ml
      samples of human serum. An extremely sharp separation of IgM from IgG antibodies
      could be obtained within 40 min. Nonspecific inhibitors were removed before
      chromatography by precipitation with high-molecular-weight dextran sulfate, and
      the titer of rubella antibodies in the different classes of immunoglobulins were
      assayed with a modified hemagglutination inhibition technique. The combination of
      these methods is recommended for routine tests. It permits an accurate diagnosis
      of recent rubella infection within a few hours.

PMID- 1194406
TI  - Discriminant analysis of antibiotic susceptibility as a means of bacterial
      identification.
AB  - This study shows that antibiotic susceptibility data can be used effectively in
      the presumptive identification of bacteria. Using 12 antibiotics and determining
      the zone sizes for each, 82% of the isolates considered were correctly identified
      without any other information. If the inability to distinguish between
      Escherichia coli and Shigella is disregarded, the percentage of correct
      identification is 92%. The method involves determining a set of discriminant
      functions and defining each taxon by a unique function. An unknown isolate is
      identified by evaluating each discriminant function and assigning the isolate to
      the taxon whose discriminant function has the largest value. A total of 468
      isolates were examined. After eliminating the multiply resistant isolates, the
      remaining 369 isolates were used to determine the discriminant functions for the
      eight taxa considered.

PMID- 1194405
TI  - Seroepidemiological investigation of Brucella canis antibodies in different human
      population groups.
AB  - A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Brucella canis antibodies in
      specified groups based on their exposure to dogs. The method used was a
      microtiter technique, and the presence of antibodies at a 1:12 or greater
      dilution of serum was considered a positive test. Eleven (5.7%) of the newborn
      infants had evidence of maternal antibodies, and 67.8% of the persons with an
      average exposure to dogs had B. canis antibodies, with a 62.1% prevalence in
      males and a 72.4% prevalence in females (P less than or equal to 0.001).
      Veterinarians had a much higher rate of infection (72.6%) than male blood donors
      (56.9%) (P less than or equal to 0.01). Patients with fevers of undetermined
      origin had significantly higher antibody titers to B. canis than all other
      patients (P less than or equal to 0.001). This study presents evidence that the
      prevalence of B. canis antibodies in humans is high, and that the incidence of
      brucellosis may increase when physicians consider B. canis as a possible
      etiological agent in febrile illnesses.

PMID- 1194407
TI  - Relationship of indole production and antibiotic susceptibility in the Klebsiella
      bacillus.
AB  - Of 2,442 Klebsiella strains isolated from clinical specimens at the University of
      Minnesota hospitals, 18.3% were found to be indole positive. A randomly selected
      equal number of indole-positive and indole-negative control isolates,
      characterized by 27 biochemical tests and by serotyping against 72 antisera, were
      tested against 14 antibiotics. The results indicated a greater incidence of
      multiple drug resistance among the indole-negative strains among those that
      produced indole. The organisms in the former group, in comparison to their indole
      positive counterparts, were significantly more resistant to nitrofurantoin,
      tetracycline, chloramphenicol, neomycin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, and
      kanamycin. Both groups of organisms were similar in their degree of resistance to
      ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, sulfisoxazole, colistimethate, polymyxin
      B, and gentamicin. The biochemical properties of the two indole groups were
      essentially identical. Correlation between serotype and multidrug resistance was
      inapparent.

PMID- 1194408
TI  - Unusual colonies of Ureaplasma urealyticum (T mycoplasmas) in primary agar
      cultures of certain urine specimens.
AB  - The existence of unusual colonies of Ureaplasma urealyticum (T mycoplasmas) in
      primary agar cultures of certain urine specimens is reported and their morphology
      is illustrated.

PMID- 1194409
TI  - Color reaction streak test for catalase-positive microorganisms.
AB  - A stable purple color results when a reagent solution is applied to a smear of
      catalase-positive organisms streaked on a glass slide.

PMID- 1194410
TI  - Effects of phenothiazines and social skills training in a withdrawn
      schizophrenic.
AB  - The effects of phenothiazines and social skills training on a severely withdrawn
      schizophrenic were examined. Regulation of phenothiazine levels had the result
      that the patient became more receptive to behavioral interventions. Specific
      application of a token economy program effected a marked improvement in the
      assertive training was employed to improve the patient's repertoire of
      ininterpersonal responses. Prior to actual hospital discharge the patient was
      faded back into his natural environment during a job retraining phase at Goodwill
      Industries. Specific data on the patient's improved social functioning are
      presented in a multiple baseline analysis. Follow-up data document the patient's
      successful adaptation of his natural enviroment.

PMID- 1194411
TI  - The effect of severity, consistency, and typicalness information on clinicians'
      causal attributions.
AB  - Sixty-four clinicians responded to a brief description of a depressed student by
      indicating the extent to which each of four possible causes contributed to the
      depression. The descriptions were varied systematically so that the student's
      depression was described as either mild or severe, typical or atypical, and as
      having occurred before or as never having occurred before. Results indicated
      greater attribution of the depression to internal causal factors when the
      individual's depression was described as atypical and greater attribution to
      stable causal factors when the depression was described as having occurred
      previously. When the depression was described as severe, the clinicians tended to
      attribute it to external unstable causes. It was suggested that clinicians may
      differ from other populations in some of the causal attributions that they make
      for psychological difficulties.

PMID- 1194412
TI  - Paranoid integration and thought disorder.
AB  - This study investigated the relationship between thought disorder as measured by
      Bannister's Grid Test and paranoid integration. Twenty-six hospitalized
      schizophrenics were subdivided into High Integration and Low integration groups
      on the basis of scores on Foulds' System-Sign Inventory. No significant
      differences were found between these groups on the thought-disorder measure. When
      the sample was subdivided into paranoid and nonparanoid groups on the basis of
      clinical diagnosis, paranoids were found to be significantly less thought
      disordered than nonparanoids.

PMID- 1194413
TI  - A factorial approach to neuropsychological assessment.
AB  - A factorial structure approach is examined in the assessment of test behaviors
      related to brain damage. A factor analysis performed on data from an extensive
      battery of psychological tests administered to 292 adult brain-damaged patients
      yielded five clearly defined factors. Multiple regression analysis was employed
      to predict performance on a second set of criterion tests that used, first,
      actual test scores, and second, factor scores. Formulae are presented to predict
      factor scores from the few best contributing variables. These estimated factor
      scores applied on independent patients indicate predictability through the use of
      raw test scores as good as that derived through the use of estimated factor
      scores. Results reveal an economical and comprehensive method to assess brain
      functioning through the use of factor categories rather than isolated test
      scores.

PMID- 1194414
TI  - Personality, body image, and eating pattern changes in overweight persons after
      weight loss.
AB  - A group of overweight persons who achieved a substantial weight loss over a 6
      month period were compared with a group of overweight persons who showed an
      unsubstantial weight change and a normal weight control group. All groups were
      evaluated before the weight program began and at a 6-month follow-up. The
      substantial weight loss group showed a number of significant changes after weight
      reduction. Body image rating shifted in the direction of evaluating onself as
      less heavy, eating was rated as less good and more heavy, and a greater feeling
      of self-control was indicated. Over time, the change group learned to limit the
      number of emotional and environmental cues that were discriminative stimuli for
      eating behavior. There also were more frequent reports of eating in response to
      cues of hunger after substantial weight loss.

PMID- 1194415
TI  - The dependence of psychiatric diagnosis on psychological assessment.
AB  - This study examined the dependence of 500 inpatient psychiatric diagnoses on the
      results of standard psychological assessment procedures. A 43% agreement was
      found between psychological test findings and psychiatric discharge diagnoses.
      While this level of agreeement is greater than chance, it suggests that
      psychological test results are not of value in more than one-half of the cases
      investigated. Specific diagnostic discrepancies between clinical and
      psychological diagnostic results were noted, and several explanations for these
      differences were offered.

PMID- 1194416
TI  - Depression and senility.
AB  - The literature suggests a closer relationship between reversible depression and
      irreversible senile organicity than generally has been accepted. Accordingly,
      Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale was given to 120 men and women, aged 60 or
      older, of whom 30 of each sex were classified as nonsenile and 30 of each sex
      were classified as moderately senile by the personnel of senior citizen centers,
      convalescent hospitals, and nursing homes. The results indicated that moderately
      senile Ss scored significantly higher on the SRDS than did the nonsenile Ss, that
      sex differences were not significant, that there were no significant differences
      between institutionalized and noninstutionalized Ss of either sex in either the
      nonsenile or the moderately senile groups, and that further refinement of the
      SRDS and a longitudinal study of personality, experience, and depression would be
      extremely useful.

PMID- 1194417
TI  - A study in childhood egocentricity.
AB  - The SFSC was administered to 79 children and 63 adolescents who were considered
      to be functioning at a normal level. The ratio of self-focus to environment focus
      scores was related significantly to age, which confirms a hypothesis based upon
      Piaget's theory of mental development. Deviations from a relatively equal S/E
      ratio have been associated previously with psychopathology in adults. This was
      not found in the present study. It was suggested that an even S/E ratio may be
      inappropriate for children and youth, whose response styles are still in a state
      of development.

PMID- 1194418
TI  - Increase of personality response consistency by prior response.
AB  - Twenty-nine Ss were given the MMPI weekly for 4 weeks. Experiments 1, 2 and 3
      reported data that support each of the following specific predictions: (1) scale
      reliabilities over trials 3-4 will be greater than over trials 1-2; and (3)
      correlation of standard score patterns over trials 3-4 will be greater than
      similar correlations over trials 1-2. These results, as well as other literature,
      support the general hypothesis that personality response consistency is increased
      by prior response. A negatively accelerated decreasing curve of novelty was
      proposed to account for this general hypothesis. In addition, split-half
      reliability and test-retest reliability showed moderate intercorrelation.
      Moderate support also was derived for Windle's generalization that maladjustment
      scores decrease on retest.

PMID- 1194419
TI  - Validation of a brain-damage vs. schizophrenia MMPI key.
AB  - Since neuropsychologic tests largely have failed to separate schizophrenic from
      brain-damaged patients, an MMPI key was constructed to make such a separation.
      When cross-validated, this key provided a 76% correct separation and achi2
      significant beyond the .001 level for 50 schizophrenic and 50 brain-damaged
      profiles. Neuropsychologic tests should be used to separate normals from brain
      damaged patients and the MMPI to separate schizophrenic from brain-damaged
      patients.

PMID- 1194420
TI  - Introversion-extraversion and topological representations of self and others.
AB  - This study indicates that the vertical ordering of self-social others is a potent
      measure of individual differences in social orientations. Since the extravert is
      the more sociable, excitement-seeking, carefree individual, while the introvert
      is more retiring, aloof and introspective, it would be worthwhile in future
      research to determine whether the dominance, vs. submissive or the high vs. low
      status dimension is the essential correlate of these spatial differences.

PMID- 1194421
TI  - EPI and IPAT anxiety scale performance in young women as related to breast
      feeding during infancy.
AB  - Performance of female first-year psychology students on the EPI and IPAT anxiety
      scale were examined in relation to length of breast-feeding during infancy. Ss
      who never were breast fed scored significantly higher on the IPAT scale and the
      EPI neuroticism dimension than breast-fed Ss irrespective of duration. The
      results were discussed in the light of future investigations of mother-child
      relationships.

PMID- 1194422
TI  - Prisoner intellectual and personality correlates of offense severity and
      recidivism probability.
AB  - Multiple regression analyses were performed relating the severity of offense and
      probability of recidivism of 295 prison inmates to their performance on the MMPI
      and AGCT. The MMPI was found to be correlated with recidivism probability and the
      recidivism-related component of the Offense Severity variable, while AGCT IQ was
      found to be correlated with recidivism probability and the non-recidivism-related
      component of the Offense Severity variable. The implications for future research
      were discussed regarding this selective sensitivity of the MMPI to recidivism
      related variables.

PMID- 1194423
TI  - Relationship between the Mini-Mult and the MMPI with medical patients.
AB  - The correspondence between the MMPI and a shortened version of the MMPI, the Mini
      Mult, was examined with 50 male and 50 female medical outpatients. The results
      indicated that the individual scales of the Mini-Mult produced results highly
      similar to those produced by the standard MMPI scales. As a screening device in a
      medical setting, the Mini-Mult appears to be a farily accurate substitute for the
      MMPI.

PMID- 1194424
TI  - Relationship between the Death Anxiety Scale and repression.
AB  - Fifty female undergraduate Ss participated in a study designed to test the
      hypothesis that the DAS is a valid measure of repression. The results supported
      the hypothesis and provided an indication that the repression of feelings is the
      major aspect that accounts for the relationship between the DAS and repression as
      measured by Gleser and Ihilevich's Defense Mechanism Inventory.

PMID- 1194425
TI  - The sensation seeker and anxiety reactivity: relationships between the sensation
      seeking scales and the activity preference questionnaire.
AB  - The five scales of the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale and Lykken's Activity
      Preference Questionnaire were administered to 83 male and female college students
      to test the hypothesis that there is an inverse relationship between sensation
      seeking and anxiety reactivity. The data were intercorrelated separately for
      males and females. Results were, in general, consistent with expectations:
      individuals high in optimal level of stimulation are low in anxiety reactivity in
      situations that involve physical danger and in situations related to social fears
      or embarrassment. This relationship was found for most of the dimensions of
      sensation seeking for males, but was confined to specific subscales for females.

PMID- 1194426
TI  - Relationships among locus of control, self-concept, and anxiety.
AB  - Sixty male alcoholic inpatients were administered the Locus of Control scale
      (IE), the Activity Preference Questionnaire (APQ), the Manifest Anxiety scale
      (MAS), and the Tennessee Self Concept scale (TSCS). Ss defined as having an
      external locus of control appeared significantly more anxious than internal Ss on
      the MAS; however, no differences were found between groups on the APQ or TSCS
      scales. The self-report (MAS) and nonobtrusive (APQ) measures of anxiety were not
      correlated significantly. A differential pattern of correlations was found
      between the MAS and APQ and TCSC subscale scores. The obtained correlations
      support the contention that the MAS may measure more accurately a dimension of
      neuroticism and/or negative self-concept rather than anxiety. Further research
      appears necessary to investigate the internal consistency and dimensionality of
      the MAS.

PMID- 1194427
TI  - The MMPI in the differential diagnosis of organicity vs. schizophrenia: empirical
      findings and a somewhat different perspective.
AB  - Watson's MMPI Scale for differentiating organicity from schizophrenia was found
      to correlate significantly with the MMPI Schizophrenia Scale and was found not to
      differentiate significantly better than the Schizophrenia Scale for the two
      patient groups under consideration. Watson's general approach of using
      personality measures for such differential diagnosis was lauded, although doubt
      that his scale is superior to other methods of diagnosing schizophrenia was
      expressed.

PMID- 1194428
TI  - Intellectual functioning and psychopathology: a canonical analysis of WAIS and
      MMPI relationships.
AB  - This study investigated the relationships between WAIS and MMPI scales in high
      pathology-average intelligence outpatients referred for psychological evaluation.
      No significant relationships were obtained. Apparently, no lawful relationships
      exist between WAIS and MMPI scales, and further investigation seems unwarranted.

PMID- 1194429
TI  - Wechsler memory scale indices of brain pathology.
AB  - The present study reported on preliminary findings of two experimental forms of
      Wechsler Memory Scale subtest analyses that show promise as screening procedures
      for neurologically impaired Ss. Both methods discriminated the organic Ss for
      controls with 70% accuracy. Both methods compare "hold" subtest scores to "don't
      hold" subtest scores by the use of a regression equation, a procedure that
      attempts to compensate for the lack of standard scores. The reasons why the
      regression equation that uses digits score as a hold criterion is regarded as
      potentially the more useful were discussed.

PMID- 1194430
TI  - Correlates of initial client disturbance: expectations for therapy, dropout,
      resistance, and demographic description.
AB  - Relationships were investigated between initial levels of client disturbance in
      each of 10 problem areas and client drop-out, lateness to, and absence from
      therapy, expectations with regard to therapy, and various demographic variables.
      Data were obtained from 154 outpatients at a university psychological clinic.
      Correlations computed between initial disturbance scores and all other variables
      revealed many significant relationships. Most noteworthy were the significant
      relationships betwee initial disturbance levels in the areas of future goals and
      self-satisfaction and expectations in a psychodynamically oriented therapist.
      Results were discussed in terms of client's awareness of the need to deal with
      the psychological factors that underlie their problems and their desire for the
      therapist to focus on such material.

PMID- 1194431
TI  - Self-esteem, locus of control, and approval motivation in married couples.
AB  - The authors feel that the two observations in this study of greatest importance
      to researchers and practitioners alike are the sex difference observed in
      homogeneity of self-perception and the significant correlation between SEI and
      MCSD. In the case of the former observation further research will be necessary to
      clarify this difference, but a good starting point would be to establish whether
      it can be replicated on college students. There may be a generational shift in
      this phenomenon, and it will be necessary to establish this observation before
      further analysis is possible. The implications of the second observation have
      been discussed. Of course, independent confirmation is necessary in order to
      substantiate the observation that MCSD is a measure of defensiveness. If so,
      researcher and clinician alike can begin to work toward an important refinement
      of this very basic phenomenon of self-esteem.

PMID- 1194432
TI  - Time factor as a prognostic indicator on the Bender-Gestalt test.
AB  - Z-scores from Bender-Gestalt records of 62 psychiatric in- and outpatients were
      computed. The patients were put on active treatment, and a psychiatric rating was
      done to evaluate therapeutic recovery after a period of 19 to 24 months. These
      patients were grouped into three categories, i.e., patients with low Z-scores and
      good therapeutic recovery; patients with high Z-scores and poor therapeutic
      recovery; patients with low Z-scores who still showed poor response to treatment.
      Total time taken by each patient to reprduce the BG designs was noted as well.
      Results indicate that Z-score was a significant prognostic indicator for
      schizophrenics, affective psychotics, organic psychotics and patients who were
      suffering from anxiety and conversion reactions, but not for obsessive compulsive
      neurotics. Time taken for BG reproductions proved to be an important prognostic
      indicator, as patients who did not respond satisfactorily to the treatment took
      significantly more time than those who responded well to treatment. Hence, time
      taken by the patients for BG reproductions also needs to be considered when any
      predictions are made with regard to therapeutic outcome.

PMID- 1194433
TI  - Extramarital relationships: a reapraisal.
AB  - Extramarital relationships may not always disturb marital interaction, but on the
      contrary, marriages may have more permanence because many individuals find an
      answer to unmet needs in such relationships. In addition, a factor that rarely is
      mentioned in our society, which has vestiges of a puritanical ethic, is that an
      extramarital relationship can be an enjoyable experience for the individuals in
      and of itself. In a democratic society, which values choice, perhaps extramarital
      relationships can be undertaken if the individuals involved recognize: (1) the
      consequences of discovery, which may result in a threat to the solidarity of the
      marriage(s) involved; (2) the possibility that individuals so involved ultimately
      may wish to leave their own mates; and (3) that such a relationship may
      strengthen, not destroy, the unity of marriage.

PMID- 1194434
TI  - Impact of therapist interventions on early sessions of group therapy.
AB  - A methodology for studying the effect of therapist style on the process of group
      therapy was developed and applied to two early sessions in two different therapy
      groups. In general, the results supported the hypothesis that individually
      directed, confrontative interventions would lead to emotionally focused and
      immediate client responding. The results failed to confirm the hypothesis that
      relatively interpretive interventions would be the most productive. In fact,
      simple facilitations tended to produce higher mean focusing than all other types
      of interventions. Perhaps in very early sessions the most productive
      interventions are those designed simply to encourage patients to talk and
      interact. The decisive technique of a group therapist may be interpretation,
      which helps patients to comprehend the significance of personally relevant,
      emotionally charged interactions. However, in the fledgling group, the therapist
      may be most helpful by simply facilitating members' speaking up and interacting.
      Indeed, clarifications and interpretations may turn out to be the group
      therapist's most productive interventions, but perhaps not until after group
      cohesiveness is developed in early sessions.

PMID- 1194435
TI  - The use of psychotherapy with dying patients: an exploratory study.
AB  - A group of terminally ill patients received six sessions of psychotherapy. A
      second group of six patients served as nontreated controls. At the conclusion of
      the treatment sessions, psychotherapy patients reported a significantly greater
      increase in death-related anxiety and in their perceived purpose in life than did
      the nontreated group. Clinical impressions indicated that patients who
      participated in psychotherapy perceived their treatment experience positively and
      appreciated the opportunity to explore their feelings about imminent death. These
      results offer considerable support for the usefulness of psychotherapy to help
      such patients cope with the emotional stress generated by their limited life
      expectancy.

PMID- 1194436
TI  - Neurotic verbalizations: an exploration of a Gestalt therapy assumption.
AB  - Based upon assumptions of Gestalt Therapy, an objective, reliable scoring system
      for analyzing a specific aspect of verbal behavior, avoidant verbalization, was
      developed. Verbal samples were elicited from 30 female college students who
      previously had been rank ordered on the Neuroticism scale of the Maudsley
      Personality Inventory. The expectation that psychologically stressful questions
      would result in a significantly greater number of avoidant verbalizations was
      confirmed. Contrary to another expectation, no significant correlation between
      neuroticism as measured by the MPI and total number of avoidant verbalizations
      uttered by the Ss was found. Results were interpreted on the basis of the Gestalt
      Therapy theory of personality.

PMID- 1194437
TI  - The stimulation of insight and self-awareness through body-movement exercise.
AB  - The results suggest that even a brief body-movement experience can enhance
      understanding and self-awareness among normal students in a classroom setting. It
      may be that exercises could be used in other areas of learning or exploration.
      These completely noverbal activities may have the same beneficial effects as role
      playing, with respect to increasing insight and self-awareness.

PMID- 1194438
TI  - Prediction of homicide with the Rorschach.
AB  - The use of a step-wise multiple discriminant analysis indicated that the
      Rorschach variables of S, A, P and m could discriminate with a good degree of
      accuracy the Rorschach protocols of murderers from those of nonmurderers. These
      empirically derived linear discriminant functions may serve as a useful adjunct
      to the clinical interpretation of Rorschach protocols in a criminal population.

PMID- 1194439
TI  - The Holtzman Inkblot Technique in the assessment of organic brain damage.
AB  - HIT performance of Barnes and Velez-Diaz' brain-damaged and control samples was
      contrasted. The results indicated good discrimination between Barnes' controls
      and both brain-damaged samples, but a poorer discrimination between Velez-Diaz'
      controls and the brain-damaged samples. This latter finding was attributed to the
      small N in Velez-Diaz' controls. Velez-Diaz' brain-damaged Ss showed the greatest
      degree of impairment of all samples, but Velez-Diaz' aged controls showed a
      poorer level of performance than did Barnes' brain-damaged patients.

PMID- 1194441
TI  - Consultative services in clinical pharmacology.

PMID- 1194440
TI  - Alcoholism and alienation.
AB  - Dean's alienation scale was administered to comparable samples of alcoholic and
      normal males and females in groups of 10 to 12. Alcoholics not only evidenced
      significantly greater overall alienation than normals, but also demonstrated
      greater specific alienation, namely social isolation, powerlessness and
      normlessness. Furthermore, the degree of specific alienation reported by
      alcoholics, but not by normals, differed significantly. Social isolation
      reflected the greatest amount of alienation, then powerlessness, and normlessness
      revealed the least. Sex differences were found for the alcoholic sample, but not
      for the normals in terms of the specific forms of alienation, although not for
      overall alienation. In each of these instances, males expressed more alienation
      than females. The meaning of the results was discussed in view of both the
      etiology and treatment of alcoholism.

PMID- 1194442
TI  - Academic clinical pharmacology: development, current and future status.

PMID- 1194443
TI  - Clinical pharmacology consultations at the University of Rochester.

PMID- 1194444
TI  - Pharmacolinetics of fluorocarbon 11 and 12 in dogs and humans.
AB  - Blood levels and exhalation bag contents of FC-11 and FC-12 from dogs and humans
      were used to elucidate the pharmacokinetic model describing the time-course of
      these agents. The derived pharmacokinetic parameters were in good agreement with
      the physicochemical properties of these substances. The model was used to
      estimate the percentage of dose absorbed, which averaged 77 per cent for FC-11
      and 55 per cent for FC-12, and to predict the level of FC-11 and FC-12 under a
      variety of conditions simulating both short- and long-term exposure to the
      maximum allowable concentrations of these agents. With similar doses, an 8-hour
      continuous exposure was estimated to produce levels of FC-11 and FC-12 that are
      much lower than the corresponding levels reported to induce cardiac sensitization
      in dogs.

PMID- 1194445
TI  - Neuroanatomical basis of binaural phase-difference analysis for sound
      localization: a comparative study.
AB  - Four varieties of mammals whose medial superior olives range from large to none
      at all were tested for their ability to localize single, brief tone pips at
      various frequencies. Although each animal could localize high-frequency tone
      pips, their ability to localize middle- and low-frequency tone pips corresponded
      to the size of their medial superior olive (MSO). Since this latter range of
      frequencies is the one in which binaural phase-difference cues predominate, this
      anatomical-behavioral correspondence supports the idea that MSO is the chief
      binaural time-analyzing center for sound localization.

PMID- 1194446
TI  - Development of species identification in ducklings: I. Nature of perceptual
      deficit caused by embryonic auditory deprivation.
AB  - In simultaneous choice tests with normal and filtered maternal calls, devocal
      isolated ducklings were much more likely than vocal-communal ducklings to select
      the mallard maternal call in which the higher frequencies were severely
      attenuated, thus indicating their relative insensitivity to the higher frequency
      components of the maternal call. On the other hand, the devocal ducklings were as
      adept as vocal ducklings in selecting the normal mallard maternal cal1 when it
      was pitted against a low-frequency attenuated mallard call. Thus, the perceptual
      deficiency resulting from embryonic and postnatal auditory deprivation is
      selective in the sense of being relegated to the higher frequency components of
      the maternal call. Devocalization prevents the embryo and hatchling from hearing
      their own vocalizations all of which happen to be in the high-frequency range
      (greater than or equal to 1,500 Hz).

PMID- 1194447
TI  - Role of interference in retention by rats with hippocampal lesions.
AB  - Involvement of the hippocampus in memory was studied in the rat by employing a
      retention task with and without interpolated activity. Rats with extensive damage
      to hippocampus were able to relearn a preoperatively acquired single-alternation
      task with savings and to perform the single alternation with relatively long
      delays at a level similar to that of control subjects. However, hippocampals were
      more affected than normals by an interpolated activity that interferes with
      retention. The finding of normal retention combined with increased susceptibility
      to interference supports the view that the memory impairment in subjects with
      damage to hippocampus may be due to an excess of interference among stored
      information.

PMID- 1194448
TI  - Cholinergic blockade, septal lesions, and DRL performance in the rat.
AB  - Four experiments describing the effects of cholinergic blockade produced by
      systemic injection of either atropine sulfate or atropine methyl nitrate on the
      differential reinforcement of low rate (DRL) responding of rats are reported. It
      was shown that atropine sulfate injected either chronically or at high dosage
      suppressed DRL responding. Injected acutely, atropine sulfate produced
      disinhibitory effects. When atropine was injected either chronically or acutely
      into animals with septal lesions, there was suppression of responding. It was
      suggested that the specific behavioral outcome resulting from cholinergic
      blockade depends on the balance resulting from the competing peripheral and
      central effects of such blockade.

PMID- 1194449
TI  - Interactive effects of training condition and septal lesions on perseverative
      responding in the rat.
AB  - Rats that had received septal lesions either prior to acquisition of a position
      habit (Group SAR) or immediately after position habit acquisition (Group SR) were
      tested on two reversals of the task. Compared with control-operated rats, both
      groups of rats with septal lesions exhibited position-habit reversal deficits.
      The two groups with septal lesions could not be distinguished in terms of the
      total number of errors made during reversal learning, but could be distinguished
      on the basis of the type of error committed. Compared with Group SR, Group SAR
      made significantly more perservative errors on the first reversal and
      significantly fewer perserverative errors on the second reversal. Group SR made
      significantly more nonperservative errors than Group SAR on both reversals.

PMID- 1194450
TI  - Interhemispheric transfer of extinction of the active avoidance reaction in rats.
AB  - Cortical spreading depression (CSD) was employed in rats to study the
      lateralization of extinction of a jumping avoidance reaction. Under unilateral
      CSD, 181 nonreinforced trials were needed to extinguish the avoidance reaction
      acquired in three 100-trial sessions of intact-brain training. During a second
      extinction session, either with the same or with the contralateral hemisphere
      depressed, the mean number of trials to the extinction criterion (9/10) was 39 (n
      = 12) or 186 (n = 15), respectively. Five extinction trials performed with the
      brain intact 1 hr before extinction with contralateral CSD decreased the number
      of trials to extinction of 98 (n = 11). Thus, extinction of active avoidance can
      be lateralized and interhemispherically transferred in the same way as
      acquisition of this habit.

PMID- 1194451
TI  - Neonatal androgenic stimulation and adult sexual behavior in male and female
      golden hamsters.
AB  - Neonatally and adult castrated male hamsters as well as neonatally androgenized
      and nonandrogenized female hamsters were tested for both mounting and lordosis
      behaviors during treatment with either testosterone or ovarian hormones. Neonatal
      androgenization facilitated mounting behavior in adult animals administered
      either testosterone or ovarian hormones and suppressed lordosis behavior in adult
      ovarian-hormone-treated animals. Early androgen effects on the display of
      lordosis behavior during adult testosterone treatment were complex and varied
      with the exact timing of perinatal endogenous or exogenous androgenization.
      Species differences in hormone-behavior relationships and the possible role of
      perinatal androgenization in the development of rodents' ability to aromatize
      androgens were discussed.

PMID- 1194452
TI  - Demonstrations of neophobia and enhanced neophobia in the albino rat.
AB  - The conditions under which neophobia and enhanced neophobia occur in the albino
      rat were studied. Neophobia to a .1% saccharin solution was demonstrated in a 10
      min single-bottle test. This neophobia was enhanced by pairing water ingestion
      with a radiation exposure of 100 r. or an injection of lithium chloride 24 hr
      prior to the saccharin test. In addition, it was found that the differences in
      consumption of saccharin in a 10-min single-bottle test due to neophobia and
      enhanced neophobia were produced by consistent differences in drinking rates
      which appeared early in the 10-min period. The disappearance of neophobia and
      enhanced neophobia in a 1-hr single-bottle test suggested that the effects of
      neophobia and enhanced neophobia are short-lived and are best measured in a brief
      single-bottle test. Finally, enhanced neophobia was not found when 2 days of
      water drinking were interposed between LiCl poisoning and saccharin testing.

PMID- 1194453
TI  - Relationship between absolute body-fluid deficits and fluid intake in the rat.
AB  - Acute absolute body-fluid deficits were induced in rats by injection of the
      diuretic drug furosemide, which caused up to 20% reduction of extracellular fluid
      volume and up to 2% reduction of intracellular fluid volume. Water and .3 M NaCl
      were subsequently made available to allow the rats to replace their body fluids
      by drinking. The rats increased their intake of both fluids, but replaced less
      than half of the total deficit, thereby tolerating larger and larger voluntary
      body-fluid deficits as the size of the diuretic fluid loss increased. Plasma
      measures showed that the rats sustained hypovolemia after drinking, while
      intracellular fluid volume was apparently restored. Fluid-depleted rats drank
      normally in response to intracellular dehydration induced by a sodium chloride
      load. Incomplete restoration of body-fluid balance after body-fluid depletion is
      due to a failure to drink in response to extracellular dehydration.

PMID- 1194454
TI  - Passive avoidance behavior in rats after electroconvulsive shock: facilitative
      effect of response retardation.
AB  - Rats were trained in a one-trial passive avoidance task and then were submitted
      to electroconvulsive shock (ECS) or to sham ECS. Twenty-four hours later they
      were tested for retention, with the door opened either immediately or 30 sec
      after the beginning of the test. Rats initially forced to avoid for 30 sec
      continued to avoid for the entire test, but the others had the usual low step
      through latencies seen with ECS-treated animals. Activity measures for those
      animals stepping through differentiated groups having received footshock from
      those not having footshock and ECS. A retest 5--10 min later showed "recovery" in
      the amnestic animals and continued avoidance behavior for those that avoided on
      the first test. Results are taken as evidence that ECS effects are not on memory
      storage but on the capacity of the animal to organize information effectively and
      quickly in order to produce an adaptive response.

PMID- 1194455
TI  - Neocortex and feeding behavior in the rat.
AB  - Consummatory behavior and weight-regulation capacity were measured in 12 normal
      rats and in 43 rats that survived complete (C), sequential unilateral (U),
      anterolateral (A), or posterior (P) neocortical ablations. Groups C and A
      displayed aphagia and adipsia followed by a sequence of recovery stages
      gualitatively identical to, but shorter than, recovery typically seen following
      lateral hypothalamic lesions. After recovery, Group C displayed long-term effects
      of finickiness and pradial drinking. These effects as well as a measure of
      recovery of body-weight-regulation capacity were significantly intercorrelated
      with lesion size, and body-weight set point remained significantly lower than
      normal. Group U was relatively unaffected by the first unilateral ablation and
      showed, relative the second ablation but displayed the long-term effects. Group
      P, though significantly affected by the lesion, did not display the pattern or
      intensity of effects described for the other bilaterally ablated groups.

PMID- 1194456
TI  - Septal influences on operant responding in the rat.
AB  - The afferent and efferent connections of the septum with the hippocampus (fornix)
      of with the hypothalamus and lower brain stem (medial forebrain bundle) were
      transected by means of an encephalotome near the point where these pathways enter
      or leave the septal area. A transection of the fornix that produced minimal
      direct damage to cellular components of the septum of hippocampus reproduced the
      effects of large septal lesions on responding in several temporally defined
      paradigms that involve periods of response suppression (differential
      reinforcement of low rates, discriminated Sidman avoidance, fixed interval).
      Transection of the medial forebrain bundle fibers that interconnect the septum
      with the hypothalamus and lower brain stem did not affect behavior in any of
      these paradigms. These observations should be veiwed in the context of the
      results of earlier investigations which demonstrated that transection of the
      medial forebrain bundle reproduces several other components of the septal lesion
      syndrome.

PMID- 1194457
TI  - Asymmetrical state dependency from temporary septal area dysfunction in rats.
AB  - Rats with cannulas implanted in the septal area were conditioned, tested, or both
      conditioned and tested shortly after intracerebral injection of local anesthetic
      via the cannulas. A 2 X 2 factorial design was used to determine whether the
      presumed state of temporary septal area dysfunction, previously shown to produce
      amnesia, has state-dependent properties. A state-dependent learning effect was
      observed in the rats both conditioned and tested in the dysfunctional stat
      remembered the aversive conditioning better than those conditioned in the
      dysfunctional state but tested in the normal state. Since rats conditioned in the
      normal state but tested during septal dysfunction did appear to exhibit
      conditioned fear when tested, the state-dependent effect was asymmetrical.
      Performance effects of the procaine injection were observed and accounted for in
      determining the state-dependent nature of temporary septal area dysfunction.

PMID- 1194458
TI  - Effects of prefeeding on the DRL preformance of rats with septal lesions.
AB  - Two experiments  reported the effects of prefeeding normal and septal rats prior
      to their daily sessions on a differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL-20)
      schedule. Prefeeding reduced responses and increased reinforcements in the case
      of septal animals, regardless of the level of body weight. In the case of normal
      animals, prefeeding led to a decrease in responding and an increase in the number
      of reinforcements obtained only when the animals were at 85% of ad-lib levels,
      prefeeding, although it decreased responding, also decreased the frequency of
      obtained reinforcements. These results implied an impairment in normal animals in
      the discrimination of response feedback by stimulation arising from stomach
      distention.

PMID- 1194459
TI  - Role of estrogens in androgen-induced spontaneous activity in male rats.
AB  - Three experiments tested the hypothesis that testosterone may be aromatized to an
      estrogen to stimulate running-wheel activity in rats. Aromatizable (testosterone
      propionate: TP) and nonaromatizable (dihydrotestosterone propionate; DHTP)
      androgens were compared with estradiol benzoate (EB) for the ability to induce
      running in castrated male rats. The DHTP had no effect on running. The TP
      increased running, but EB was more than 100 times as effective. A relatively
      small dose of a specific estrogen antagonist, MER-25, was shown to attenuate the
      effects of both EB and TP on male running. The MER-25 did not affect the running
      of castrated, oil-treated male rats and did not inhibit the running induced by
      food deprivation.

PMID- 1194460
TI  - Effects of perinatal gonadal secretions on parameters of receptivity and weight
      gain in hamsters.
AB  - Influence of ovarian and testicular secretions on lordosis was examined in 64
      female hamsters ovariectomized when 1 or 43 days old and in 80 males castrated
      when 1, 3, 5, or 43 days old. The first of eight weekly 10-min mating tests was
      initiated at 57 or 113 days. Receptivity was not different among female groups
      except for higher initial scores for those with ovaries through puberty. Initial
      and maximum receptivity in males was inversely proportional to castration age.
      Rate of decrease from maximum appeared higher in males castrated at Days 3 and 5
      than at Day 1. Age of initial test was significant for males; older animals had
      lower initial and maximum receptivity scores. Gonadal secretions decreased
      weights in both sexes.

PMID- 1194461
TI  - Runway performance of rats for brain-stimulation or food reward: effects of
      hunger and priming.
AB  - In a runway paradigm, pretrial electric stimulation of the brain (ESB), food
      deprivation, and to a lesser extent water deprivation increased the running speed
      of rats to an ESB reward. The trial-by-trail course of the change in running
      speed after the manipulation of food deprivation resembled the steplike
      performance effect seen when pretrial priming ESB is changed rather than the
      incremental learning effect seen when the response contingent ESB is changed. In
      a second experiment, pretrial ESB enhance rats' performance for an ESB reward,
      but act in opposing directions rats' performance for a food reward. Implications
      for Deutsch's model of self-stimulation are discussed.

PMID- 1194462
TI  - Hyperstriatal function in the pigeon: response inhibition or response shift?
AB  - Experiment 1 showed that pigeons with lesions of the anterior or posterior
      hyperstriatum were impaired relative to unoperated controls and to control
      operates having neostriatal lesions on both acquisition and reversal of a
      simultaneous position discrimination. The observation that hyperstriatal birds
      showed more tendency than controls to halt responding altogether in this
      situation cast doubt on the notion that the reversal deficit was due to a loss of
      response inhibition. A second experiment supported an alternative hypothesis,
      that hyperstriatal birds have a deficit in the ability to shift responding to an
      alternative stimulus as a consequence of nonreinforcement.

PMID- 1194463
TI  - Effect of calories on appetite for palatable food in obese and nonobese humans.
AB  - Palatable food stimuli were presented to 11 obese and 11 nonobese male human
      subjects (in three experiments) 1 hr after ingestion of 900-calorie liquid
      lunches and (on separate days) indentically tasting 450-calorie liquid lunches of
      equal volume. Salivary responses to the presentation of the stimuli (i.e.,
      appetite) by the nonobese were inhibited by the high-calorie meal, but those by
      the obses were less inhibited. Hunger ratings were unaffected by calories in
      either group. Food stimuli were rated as more appetizing by the nonobese after
      high-calorie meals, but not so by the obese. Parallels with animal findings
      suggest that salivary responses reflect lateral hypothalamic activity.

PMID- 1194464
TI  - Posttrial d-amphetamine sulfate and one-trail learning in mice.
AB  - Experiments are reported which show that 2 mg/kg of d-amphetamine sulfate
      injected intravenously immediately after footshock on a one-trail passive
      aviodance learning task impairs the performance of mice in retention tests 24 and
      96 hr late. When the injection is delayed by as little as 90 sec, no such
      impairment is seen. A similar intravenous injection immediately after the
      learning trail of a water-rewarded one-trail appetitive task has no discernible
      affect on performance in retention trails 24 hr and 6 wk later. It is argued that
      the effects of the amphetamines on learning behavior depend on whether reward or
      punishment is involoved and, further, that all such effects could be accounted
      for in terms of the drugs' influence on memory mechanisms.

PMID- 1194465
TI  - Selection of strain, growth conditions, and extraction procedures for optimum
      production of lactase from Kluyveromyces fragilis.
AB  - Forty-one strains of Kluyveromyces fragilis (Jorgensen) van der Walt 1909 varied
      60-fold in ability to produce lactase (beta-galactosidase). The four best strains
      were UCD No. 55-31 (Northern Regional Research Center NRRL Y-1196), UCD No. C21(
      ), UCD No. 72-297(-), and UCD No. 55-61 (NRRL Y-1109). Biosynthesis of lactase
      during the growth of K. fragilis strain UCD No. 55-61 was followed on both
      lactose and sweet whey media. Maximum enzyme yield was obtained at the beginning
      of the stationary phase of growth. Bets lactase yields from K. fragilis UCD No.
      55-61 were obtained with 15% lactose and an aeration rate of at least .2 mmol
      oxygen/liter per min. Supplementary growth factors were unneccessary for good
      lactase yeilds when yeast was grown on whey media. Best extraction of lactase
      from fresh yeast cells was obtained by toluene autolysis (2% vol/vol) at 37 C in
      .1 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, containing .1 mM manganese chloride and
      .5 mM magnesium sulfate. The enzyme was concentrated and purified partially by
      acetone precipitation. At least 95% of the enzyme activity of the concentrated
      solution was retained after storage for 7 days at 22 C, for 3 wk at 4 C, and for
      6 wk at -20 C.

PMID- 1194466
TI  - Absorption of antibiotics by the bovine udder.
AB  - Absorption of 39 antibiotics from the nonlactating bovine udder was compared with
      absorption of [carbon-14] urea as reference. First order kinetics characterized
      the absorption of urea and most of the antibiotics during the first 8 to 12 h
      after intramammary infusion. The absorption of polymyxin B, colistin, neomycin,
      spiramycin, and several tetracyclines was biexponential. The physicochemical
      properties of drugs which appeared to govern their absorption from the udder were
      the degree of lipid-solubility of the nonionized fraction and the dissociation
      constant. Antibiotic protein binding also influenced absorption. Lipid-solubility
      was the rate-limiting factor with drugs that are mainly dissociated in milk at pH
      6.8. These compounds were absorbed at rates related to their degree of lipid
      solubility of nonionized fraction. The concentration of the nonionized molecule
      in milk was the rate-limiting factor with drugs that were highly lipid-soluble.
      Results with a number of structurally-related antiobiotics, and with others of
      diverse structures and physical properties, added considerable confidence to the
      assumption that antibiotics are absorbed from the udder by nonionic (passive)
      diffusion. The blood-milk barrier behaves as an inert lipoid membrane to these
      drugs.

PMID- 1194467
TI  - Efficiency of energy utilization by mixed rumen bacteria in continuous culture.
AB  - Mixed bacterial cultures derived from the rumen were grown in a remen fluid
      medium in a chemostat at three dilution rates (.02, .06, and .12 per h), each at
      four growth-limiting glucose concentrations (5.8, 9.9, 12.7, and 25.0 mM).
      Microscopic observations indicated that a relatively complex mixture of bacterial
      species was maintained and proportions of fermentations products were similar to
      those of the rumen except for elevated proportions of methane and acetate. Cell
      concentration increased linearly with increases in glucose concentration. The
      range of glucose concentrations had little effect on yields of cells or products
      produced per mole of glucose fermented. With increases in dilution rates, the
      amount of butyrate and methane produced per mole of glucose fermented decreased
      and the amount of propionate increased. Yield glucose (grams cells produced per
      mole of glucose fermented) increased from 42 at a dilution rate of .02 to 84 at a
      dilution rate of .12. These large increases are discussed in relationship to the
      energy requirements for maintenance of bacteria. A theoretical maximum yield
      glucose of 89.3 and a maintenance requirement of .26 mmol glucose per g cells per
      h were calculated. Moles of adenosine triphosphate produced per mole of glucose
      fermented and yield of cells produced per mole of adenosine triphosphate are
      discussed.

PMID- 1194468
TI  - Ensiled diet containing processed municipal garbage and sorghum forage for
      heifers.
AB  - Diets of similar proximate analysis formulated with a base of sorghum forage and
      primarily supplemented with equivalent dry matter of 18.4% of aerobically
      digested municipal garbage (garbage diet) or 17.5% of cottonseed hulls (control
      diet) were ensiled for 52 days and then individually and group fed to 16 dairy
      heifers for 56 and 35 days. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein,
      ether extract, crude fiber, and nitrogen-free extract in garbage and control
      diets averaged 54.2 and 47.4, 50.0 and 41.3, 62.0 and 65.1, 53.1 and 42.3, and
      61.8 and 54.5% as determined by chromium oxide technique. Potential advantages
      from digestibility of the garbage diet appeared to be nullified by a 12%
      depression of dry matter intake and a consequent deterioration of feed
      efficiency. Dry matter intakes of garbage and control diets during the 56-day
      comparison were 1.98 and 2.25% of body weight and daily gains of .42 and .57 kg
      required 13.9 and 11.8 kg dry matter per kilogram of gain. Over the 91 days of
      combined comparison feeding, the .62 kg of average daily gain from control diet
      was 32% above the .47 kg from the garbage diet.

PMID- 1194469
TI  - Growth and carcass evaluation of Holstein steers fed liquid acid whey.
AB  - Thirty Holstein steer calves, 96.5 kg, were assigned to three groups. Two groups
      received liquid acid whey, and one was the water control. Grain was fed either
      restricted or ad libitum to the whey groups and ad libitum to the water control
      group over three 14-wk growth periods. Hay, up to .4% body weight, reduced
      symptoms of bloat. Period 1: Calves started on a 20% crude protein dry ration for
      7 wk and then changed to a 16% crude protein dry ration for 7 wk gained faster
      and were heavier than calves statred on a 30% crude protein dry ration for 7 wk
      and then changed to a 20% crude protein dry ration for 7 wk. Period 2: Body
      weights among groups were not different by the end of the period. Intakes of whey
      were 33.6 kg daily with grain ad libitum and 49.7 kg daily with restricted grain
      feeding. Water intake was 22.2 kg daily. The steers obtained 28% of their total
      dry matter intake from acid whey under ad libitum feeding, and 48% from acid whey
      under restricted feeding. Period 3: Final body weights were decreased by
      restricted feeding, but acid whey intake increased to 55.6 kg daily. These steers
      obtained 57% of their total dry matter intake from acid whey. Acid whey treatment
      resulted in lower carcass dressing percent, rib fat cover, and loin eye area.
      Grades averaged Standard for acid whey, restricted grain feeding and Low Good for
      acid whey, ad libitum grain feeding. Lower panel scores were given for aroma and
      quantity of juice for restricted grain feeding. Acid whey treatment did not
      change tenderness, shear values, or overall carcass desirability.

PMID- 1194470
TI  - Effect of prepartal hormone administration on feed intake and mineral metabolism
      of cows.
AB  - Subcutaneous administration of progesterone (.25 mg/kg body weight per day) to
      mature cows from 14 days before projected parturition until parturition increased
      feed intake over control cows. Incidence of milk fever and plasma calcium,
      phosphorus, magnesium, and hydroxyproline were not significantly different
      between treated and control cows. Subcutaneous administration of estradiol-17beta
      (.05 mg/kg body weight per day) or oral administration of melengestrol acetate (1
      mg/day) from 7 days before projected parturition date until parturition decreased
      feed intake over control cows. Milk fever incidence and absorption of calcium,
      phosphorus, and magnesium were not significantly different between treatment
      groups. Plasma calcium was not significantly different between treatment groups
      during either the prepartum or postpartal periods but tended to be higher
      postpartum in cows treated with estrogen.

PMID- 1194471
TI  - Milk progesterone in postpartum and pregnant cows as a monitor of reproductive
      status.
AB  - Milk samples were analyzed for progesterone content by a petroleum ehter
      extraction and competitive protein binding assay validated for milk. In one
      experiment, 11 cows were sampled twice daily for 24 days beginning with an
      observed estrus 15 to 45 days postpartum, and again 19, 21, 23, and 25 days after
      breeding. Progesterone values during the estrous cycle paralleled those for blood
      plasma but were slightly higher at estrus (1.49 ng/ml milk) and maximum (9 ng/ml)
      on days 11 to 16 of the estrous cycle. After breeding, cows later diagnosed
      pregnant averaged 7.12 ng/ml while those later found to be nonpregnant averaged
      2.36 ng/ml. All diagnoses of pregnancy were correct. In a separate experiment
      there was no difference between milk from front and rear quarters, but
      progesterone was highest in last milk, intermediate in composite milk, and lowest
      in first milk.

PMID- 1194472
TI  - Denial and self-image in stroke, lung cancer, and heart disease patients.

PMID- 1194473
TI  - Comparative effectiveness of behavior modification and transactional analysis
      programs for delinquents.

PMID- 1194474
TI  - Profile analysis and the abbreviated Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale: a
      multivariate approach.

PMID- 1194475
TI  - Effects of contingent events on stuttering and fluency.

PMID- 1194476
TI  - Personality assessment as a signal detection task.

PMID- 1194478
TI  - Fee assessment and outpatient psychotherapy.

PMID- 1194477
TI  - Effects of prognostic information on global ratings of psychotherapy outcome.

PMID- 1194479
TI  - Weight control through covert sensitization and false feedback.

PMID- 1194480
TI  - Influence of overlapping and nonoverlapping items on the theoretical
      interrelationships of MMPI scales.

PMID- 1194481
TI  - Impression management in the psychiatric interview: quality, style, and
      individual differences.

PMID- 1194482
TI  - Personality and behavior differences of obese and nonobese adolescents.

PMID- 1194483
TI  - MMPI and MIT discriminators of biogenic and psychogenic impotence.

PMID- 1194484
TI  - Prognostic patterns in self-report, relative report, and professional evaluation
      measures for hospitalized and day-care patients.

PMID- 1194485
TI  - Self-control over intrusive experiences.

PMID- 1194486
TI  - Multiple assessment of behavior modification with families.

PMID- 1194488
TI  - Sex differences in emotional responses to "Erotic Literature".

PMID- 1194487
TI  - Comparison of hypnosis plus counseling, counseling alone, and hypnosis alone in a
      community service smoking withdrawal program.

PMID- 1194489
TI  - Asymmetrical cerebral function for two WAIS factors and their recovery after
      brain injury.

PMID- 1194490
TI  - Use of MMPI short forms with psychiatric patients.

PMID- 1194491
TI  - Relationship between color-word test interference and MMPI indices of
      psychoticism and defensive rigidity in normal males and females.

PMID- 1194492
TI  - ULV sprays of propoxur for control of Trombicula alfreddugesi.

PMID- 1194493
TI  - The horn fly: methoprene in drinking water of cattle for control.

PMID- 1194494
TI  - Synergims of resmethrin in the house fly.

PMID- 1194495
TI  - Evaluation of methoprene formulations for fly control.

PMID- 1194496
TI  - Compatibilty of insecticides and a disinfectant.

PMID- 1194497
TI  - Sex role stereotypes and teacher evaluations.

PMID- 1194498
TI  - Interrelationship of study skills and personality variables in college students.

PMID- 1194499
TI  - Affective assessment, self-concept, and the verbal learning styles of fifth-grade
      children.

PMID- 1194500
TI  - Effects of trait and state anxiety on the performance of elementary school
      children in traditional and individualized multiage classrooms.

PMID- 1194501
TI  - Cognitive and personality characteristics of high school students as predictors
      of the way they are rated by their teachers: a longitudinal study.

PMID- 1194502
TI  - Forward and backward digit span interaction with race and IQ: predictions from
      Jensen's theory.

PMID- 1194503
TI  - "On being sane in insane places": a process (attributional) analysis and
      critique.

PMID- 1194504
TI  - On pseudoscience in science, logic in remission, and psychiatric diagnosis: a
      critique of Rosenhan's "On being sane in insane places".

PMID- 1194505
TI  - "On being sane in insane places": a comment from England.

PMID- 1194506
TI  - Reflections on Rosenhan's "On being sane in insane places".

PMID- 1194507
TI  - The contextual nature of psychiatric diagnosis.

PMID- 1194508
TI  - Clinical judgment of psychopathology: a model for inferential accuracy.

PMID- 1194509
TI  - Persons versus situations in the real-life functioning of chronically
      institutionalized mental patients.

PMID- 1194510
TI  - Effects of social deprivation and satiation on the reinforcing properties of
      social stimulation in chronic male hospitalized schizophrenics.

PMID- 1194511
TI  - A multidimensional scaling analysis of schizophrenics' and normals' perceptions
      of verbal similarity.

PMID- 1194512
TI  - Effects of alcohol on aggression in male social drinkers.

PMID- 1194513
TI  - Alpha rhythm during three conditions of visual imagery and emergent uncovering
      psychotherapy: the critical role of anxiety.

PMID- 1194514
TI  - Affectivity of task, rehearsal time, and physiological response.

PMID- 1194515
TI  - On the identification of warded-off mental contents: an empirical and
      methodological contribution.

PMID- 1194516
TI  - Attenuating anterograde amnesia in Korsakoff's psychosis.

PMID- 1194517
TI  - Extrapolation from attempted suicides to completed suicides.

PMID- 1194518
TI  - Daydreaming and symptom patterns of psychiatric patients: a factor-analytic
      study.

PMID- 1194519
TI  - Effects of two types of failure on anxiety.

PMID- 1194520
TI  - A critical analysis of Schachter's externality theory of obesity.

PMID- 1194521
TI  - Sane and insane: constructions and misconstructions.

PMID- 1194522
TI  - Organization of language behavior and cognitive performance in chronic
      schizophrenia.

PMID- 1194523
TI  - The integration defects in paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenia.

PMID- 1194524
TI  - Selective attention to threatening stimuli and field independence as factors in
      the etiology of paranoid behavior.

PMID- 1194525
TI  - Fear of interpersonal evaluation as a determinant of alcohol consumption in male
      social drinkers.

PMID- 1194526
TI  - Provocation to anger and opportunity for retaliation as determinants of alcohol
      consumption in social drinkers.

PMID- 1194527
TI  - Anxiety, restraint, and eating behavior.

PMID- 1194528
TI  - Internal and external cues relating to fluid intake in obese and alcoholic
      persons.

PMID- 1194529
TI  - Effect of speed of exposure and difficulty of discrimination on visual
      recognition of retarded readers.

PMID- 1194530
TI  - The effects of two cognitive strategies on pain threshold.

PMID- 1194531
TI  - Autonomic reactivity of high and low ego-strength subjects to repeated anxiety
      eliciting scenes.

PMID- 1194532
TI  - Manipulation of self-esteem as a determinant of mood of elated and depressed
      women.

PMID- 1194533
TI  - Learning set acquisition in autistic children.

PMID- 1194534
TI  - Emotional adjustment of psychiatric patients following their unexpected discharge
      due to war: short- and long-term effects.

PMID- 1194535
TI  - Lunacy: a type I error?

PMID- 1194536
TI  - Depression, activity, and evaluation of reinforcement.

PMID- 1194537
TI  - Neutralization of affective concepts in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1194539
TI  - Engagement in pleasant activities and depression level.

PMID- 1194538
TI  - Comparison of perceived and experienced control among alcoholics and
      nonalcoholics.

PMID- 1194540
TI  - Learned helplessness and self-reported affect.

PMID- 1194541
TI  - Rehospitalization of schizophrenics as a function of intelligence.

PMID- 1194542
TI  - Intelligibility of speech under nonexponential decay conditions.

PMID- 1194543
TI  - Responses of single units in the cochlear nucleus of the cat to cosine noise.

PMID- 1194544
TI  - Cochlear nerve fiber responses: distribution along the cochlear partition.

PMID- 1194545
TI  - Monaural detection with contralateral cue (MDCC). VI. Adding noise to the cue.

PMID- 1194546
TI  - Is the effort dependence of speech loudness explicable on the basis of acoustical
      cues?

PMID- 1194547
TI  - Automatic segmentation of speech into syllabic units.

PMID- 1194548
TI  - Effect of delayed channel on the perception of dichotically presented speech and
      nonspeech sound.

PMID- 1194549
TI  - Interaural-intensive differences and dichotic listening.

PMID- 1194550
TI  - Computer-based sound spectrograph system.

PMID- 1194551
TI  - Hearing thresholds of the horn shark, Heterodontus francisci.

PMID- 1194553
TI  - Talking chess for the blind.

PMID- 1194552
TI  - Coarticulatory effects of voiced stops on the reduction of acoustic vowel
      targets.

PMID- 1194554
TI  - Synthetic whole-nerve action potentials for the cat.

PMID- 1194555
TI  - Nonmonotonic behavior of distortion product 2f1-f2: psychophysical observations.

PMID- 1194556
TI  - A probe-signal investigation of uncertain-frequency detection.

PMID- 1194557
TI  - Backward recognition masking.

PMID- 1194558
TI  - Interaural attenuation versus frequency for guinea pig and chinchilla CM
      response.

PMID- 1194559
TI  - Ultrasonic registration of the fundamental frequency of a voice during normal
      speech.

PMID- 1194560
TI  - Letter: Static acoustic impedance of the chinchilla middle ear: awake and
      sedated.

PMID- 1194561
TI  - Letter: Vocal frequency and vertical larynx positioning by singers and
      nonsingers.

PMID- 1194562
TI  - Letter: Ultrasonic parameters of freshly frozen dog tibia.

PMID- 1194563
TI  - Metabolism of thiofanox in cotton plants.

PMID- 1194564
TI  - Fate of microbicidal 3-isothiazolone compounds in the environment: modes and
      rates of dissipation.

PMID- 1194565
TI  - Fate of microbicidal 3-isothiazolone compounds in the environment: products of
      degradation.

PMID- 1194566
TI  - A method for the estimation of methylmercuric compounds in fish.

PMID- 1194567
TI  - Photolysis of benzoic acid 2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) hydrazide.

PMID- 1194568
TI  - A comparison of analytical methods for chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins in
      pentachlorophenol.

PMID- 1194569
TI  - Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric studies of ethoxyquin in some organic
      solvents. I.

PMID- 1194570
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of ethoxyquin in feed and food products. II.

PMID- 1194571
TI  - Characterization of bound residues of nitrofen in cereal grains.

PMID- 1194572
TI  - Characterization of bound residues of nitrofen in rice and wheat straw.

PMID- 1194573
TI  - Heptachlor and dieldrin disappearance from a field soil measured by annual
      residue determinations.

PMID- 1194574
TI  - Analysis of some carbamate and urea herbicides in foods by gas-liquid
      chromatography after alkylation.

PMID- 1194575
TI  - Photosensitization and luminescence of picloram.

PMID- 1194576
TI  - Appraisal of ethylene productions as a test for defoliants.

PMID- 1194577
TI  - Cycocel plant growth regulant. Fate of carbon-14 chlorocholine chloride in
      sugarcane grown in Hawaii.

PMID- 1194578
TI  - Synthesis of versicolorin A by a mutant strain of Aspergillus parasiticus
      deficient in aflatoxin production.

PMID- 1194579
TI  - Rapid screening method for aflatoxin in a number of products.

PMID- 1194580
TI  - A methionine substitute: 4-methylthiobutane-1,2-diol.

PMID- 1194581
TI  - Rapid determination of tryptophan in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) by the acid
      ninhydrin method.

PMID- 1194582
TI  - Chemical examination of seleniferous cabbage Brassica oleracea capitata.

PMID- 1194583
TI  - Biotin content of feedstuffs.

PMID- 1194584
TI  - Free amino acids and osmoregulation in penaeid shrimp.

PMID- 1194585
TI  - Changes in concentrations and interrelationships of phytate, phosphorus,
      magnesium, calcium, and zinc in wheat during maturation.

PMID- 1194586
TI  - Synthesis and carbon-13 studies of malathion acid derivatives.

PMID- 1194587
TI  - Studies on groundnut proteins. IV. Effect of storage or proteolysis on the gel
      electrophoresis pattern of arachin.

PMID- 1194588
TI  - Summary of the California aerosol characterization experiment.

PMID- 1194590
TI  - Evaluation of episode control schemes through air quality data analysis.

PMID- 1194589
TI  - A statistical analysis of the Los Angeles ambient carbon monoxide data 1955-1972.

PMID- 1194591
TI  - A microprocessor-based air quality monitoring system.

PMID- 1194592
TI  - Progress toward a uniform air pollution index.

PMID- 1194593
TI  - Relationships of children's grade in school, sex, and social class to teachers'
      ratings on the behavior problem checklist.
AB  - The present study investigated the relationships of children's grade in school,
      sex, and social class to teachers' ratings on the Behavior Problem Checklist
      (BPCL). The sample consisted of 1,999 white children from kindergarten through
      fifth grade who were in regular classes. Three conclusions may be drawn from the
      study. The first is that grade and the interactions of grade with sex and social
      class are determinants of scores on the BPCL, but that no particular trends are
      characteristic of the relationships between these and the dependent variables.
      The second is that sex and social class are also determinants of scores on the
      BPCL, with boys and children from the lower social classes having more problems
      and girls and children from the higher social classes having fewer problems. The
      third is that the differences between schools and between teachers are
      responsible for more of the variance on the BPCL than grade, sex, and social
      class.

PMID- 1194594
TI  - Elective mutism in a first grader: the remediation of a complex behavioral
      problem.
AB  - Teachers frequently deal with unusual and perplexing behavioral problems in their
      classes. This study demonstrates how spontaneous and prompted speech were
      produced in a six-year-old mute by a first-grade teacher and her aide. A
      reinforcement system for peer-prompted speech and spontaneous speech was employed
      in three separate school classes in a multiple-baseline fashion. The
      reinforcement system produced prompted and spontaneous speech in each situation.
      Postchecks in the second grade indicated the child was still speaking and
      conversing spontaneously with his peers. This study suggests a method that
      teachers can use in the classroom to deal with this severely handicapping
      condition.

PMID- 1194595
TI  - Multiple criteria follow-up of behavior modification with families.
AB  - This report presents termination and follow-up evaluations of a parent training
      program based on behavior modification principles. Treatment termination outcome
      data were obtained for 22 families, and follow-up data were collected on 14 of
      these families 3 and 8 months after treatment. Results indicated a fairly high
      level of success at termination on the basis of parent-collected observational
      data, parent attitude change toward the children, and parent attitude concerning
      the process and outcome of treatment. Modest levels of success were evidenced on
      the basis of behavioral data recorded by trained observers in the home. Families
      who participated in follow-up demonstrated greater cooperation and involvement
      with the treatment program than those who did not participate. In all other
      respects, however, these two groups were similar. Follow-up data on parent
      attitude measures demonstrated maintenance of the treatment effects. Parent
      observational data were incomplete, but also showed maintenance in follow-up. For
      the subsample of 14 cases, home observation records indicated a nonsignificant
      decline in deviant behavior at termination followed by a nonsignificant increase
      in deviant behavior during follow-up. The meaning and implications of these
      discrepant findings were discussed and compared with results from other
      laboratories.

PMID- 1194596
TI  - Contingency management of self-report and cleaning behavior.
AB  - The effects of a contingency management program utilizing a reinforcing event
      (breakfast) were investigated in respect to cabin-cleaning and self-report
      behaviors in a group of nine male campers, ranging in age from 11 to 13. Control
      of cabin-cleaning behavior was clearly demonstrated. The large discrepancy
      between camper self-ratings and counselor ratings disappeared when the
      opportunity to line up for breakfast was made contingent upon both accuracy of
      self-report and improved cleaning performance.

PMID- 1194598
TI  - The crystal and molecular structure of the triclinic and monoclinic forms of
      valinomycin, C54H90N6O18.

PMID- 1194597
TI  - Children vulnerable to psychopathology: the Stony Brook high-risk project.
AB  - The study of children at risk for the development of schizophrenia is a promising
      research strategy for increasing our understanding of the etiology of
      schizophrenia. This paper describes the methods and procedures of such an
      investigation. Three groups of children are being followed: those who have a
      schizophrenic parent, those who have a depressive parent, and tose whose parents
      have no psychiatric history. There are three major foci of our assessment
      procedures. First, the patient, spouse, and family environment are examined.
      Second, the children are assessed in school from the vantage point of both peers
      and teachers. Finally, the children are tested with several laboratory measures
      of cognitive processes, attention, emotional responsivity, and social
      interaction.

PMID- 1194599
TI  - Synthesis and reactions of formylmethylcobalamin and of related compounds.

PMID- 1194600
TI  - Improved triester approach for the synthesis of pentadecathymidylic acid.

PMID- 1194601
TI  - Coenzyme B12 model studies. Equilibria and kinetics of axial ligation of
      substituted alkylcobaloximes by pyridine in aqueous solution.

PMID- 1194602
TI  - Substrate induced pK perturbations with chymotrypsin and the possible
      significance of nonproductive binding.

PMID- 1194603
TI  - Reactions of osmium ligand complexes with nucleosides.

PMID- 1194604
TI  - Tetrahydrofolic acid model studies. II. Equilibrium and kinetic studies of the
      reaction of tetrahydroquinoline and tetrahydroquinoxaline derivatives with
      formaldehyde, carbinolamine, imidazolidine, and hexahydropyrimidine formation.

PMID- 1194605
TI  - Letter: The structure of (platinum(ethylenediamine)(guanosine)2)2+ cation.

PMID- 1194606
TI  - Letter: The structure of carminomycin I.

PMID- 1194607
TI  - Letter: Electronic structure and electric field gradients in oxyhemoglobin and 
      cytochrome P-450 model compounds.

PMID- 1194608
TI  - Effect of dielectric constant on the conformational behavior of tryptamine and
      serotonin.

PMID- 1194609
TI  - Letter: Simple models for "blue" copper proteins. The copper-thiaether complexes.

PMID- 1194610
TI  - Letter: Cyanogen bromide as a cleavage procedure in solid phase peptide
      synthesis.

PMID- 1194611
TI  - Lipids of seven cereal grains.

PMID- 1194613
TI  - Expectations of female pharmacy students.

PMID- 1194612
TI  - Inconsistent socialization in pharmacy--a pattern in need of change.

PMID- 1194614
TI  - Political participation of Iowa pharmacists.

PMID- 1194615
TI  - Ostomies and ostomates.

PMID- 1194616
TI  - The role of liver diseases in modifying drug response.

PMID- 1194617
TI  - Building and maintaining an efficient and happy employee team.

PMID- 1194618
TI  - Phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin).

PMID- 1194619
TI  - President's message. Malpractice--many questions, few answers.

PMID- 1194620
TI  - The development of the sense of self.

PMID- 1194621
TI  - Forms of idealization in the analytic transference.

PMID- 1194622
TI  - Clinical and prognostic considerations in the analysis of a five-year-old
      hysteric.

PMID- 1194623
TI  - The influence of the primal scene on the sexual behavior of an early adolescent.

PMID- 1194624
TI  - Metapsychological analysis of a parapraxis.

PMID- 1194625
TI  - On reconstruction.

PMID- 1194626
TI  - Separation-individuation and object constancy.

PMID- 1194627
TI  - Some observations on object constancy in the psychoanalysis of adults.

PMID- 1194628
TI  - The psychoanalytic process: recurrent patterns of conflict and changes in ego
      functions.

PMID- 1194629
TI  - Incompleteness in "successful" psychoanalyses: a follow-up study.

PMID- 1194630
TI  - [Phosphorus-32 test and thermography in hormonal study of breast cancers].
AB  - The results given by the P 32 test and thermography were compared in 92 cases of
      cancer of the breast, of which 7 appeared after oestrogens or androgens had been
      administered. After a hormone test of short duration it seemed that reliable
      results indicating hormone-dependent cancers would only be obtained with the
      thermographic test.

PMID- 1194631
TI  - [Study of breast cancer by means of liquid crystals thermography].
AB  - Liquid crystals thermography allows a very precise study of breast cancers. It is
      particularly important for diagnosis of very small tumors and for follow-up of
      irradiated breasts. It gives pronostic and therapeutic information.

PMID- 1194632
TI  - [Ultrasonic diagnosis of breast diseases].
AB  - The main interest of diagnostic ultrasound for breast diseases is the
      differentiation between solid and cystic masses, between benign and malignant
      tumors, the precise measurement of tumors. From 601 cases compiled in the
      litterature, ultrasonic correct diagnosis reach 88% and more than 90% if tumor
      size is 2 cm or more. Differentiation between cancerous and benign tumor is based
      on the sensitivity graded tomograms method.

PMID- 1194633
TI  - [Radiology of the pathology of benign breast diseases].
AB  - The authors have presented several radiologics aspects of benign tumors insisting
      on the difficulty to make the limit between benignity and malignity and that in
      this cases one minute clinical examination can be contributive. Complementaries
      examinations so are cystography and galactography are often necessary to precise
      the diagnostic. The authors remind that it is not easy to define radiologics
      patterns of benignity.

PMID- 1194634
TI  - [Value of breast xerography].
AB  - The interest of breast xerography is: Diagnostic study of dense breast.
      Diagnostic study of axillar region. Follow-up of breast cancer treated by
      radiations only.

PMID- 1194635
TI  - [Classification of radiographic findings in breast tumors].
AB  - By establishing an original protocol and pooling their results, the authors have
      attempted, at the level of their respective centers, to define statistically the
      results obtained by these methods of comparison with regard to two large groups
      of patient recruitment one depending on controlled consultations, the other on
      the consultations for early detection of disease. The comparative study of the
      results obtained on these two groups provides useful information on the
      significance which one should attribute to the frequency given by the different
      authors for several types of tumors.

PMID- 1194636
TI  - [Prognostic classification of mammary cancers based on mammography].
AB  - The pronostic classification based upon 8 radiographic signs (concerning
      malignant edema, tumor size and opacity aspect) allows to precise the clinical
      classification and is in good aggreement with the thermography classification of
      these cases. Localized or diffuse malignant edema is always of poor prognosis.

PMID- 1194637
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties in mammography].
AB  - The authors point out the main causes of error in the radiology of the mammary
      gland. The source of these errors may be found at several levels in the
      diagnostic scale ranging from the object itself to the interpretation of the
      image by the examiner. Some of these causes are illustrated by definite examples:
      the absence of a radiographic translation of a tumor; round or finely irregular
      opacities. It is in the collaboration of radiologists with pathologists that the
      diagnosis is improved.

PMID- 1194638
TI  - [Role of hormones in the genesis of breast cancer].
AB  - The author makes a general review of the influence of hormones on carcinogenesis
      of the breast. He explains the efforts wich have been made these last years in
      order to formulate a pronostic which could predict the efficacy of a treatment.
      He finally discuss the possible part hormones could play and among them
      principally oestrogens and prolactin in the breast cancer.

PMID- 1194639
TI  - [Cytology of nipple discharge and breast cysts].
AB  - The reliability of this cytodiagnosis is less good than for malignant tumors
      cytology by fine needle puncture.

PMID- 1194640
TI  - [Nipple discharges without palpable tumor].
AB  - In the majority of the cases of nipple discharge the cause is a benign lesion:
      nearly 50% are papillomas. Biopsy is always indicated in nipple discharge without
      palpable tumor. A long follow-up of the patients is necessary.

PMID- 1194641
TI  - [Histology of precancerous lesions of the breast].
AB  - The authors are dealing with the problem of pre-cancerous lesions from data
      contained in the pathological archives of the Institut Gustave-Roussy. One series
      consists of 320 cases operated upon for benign lesions or tumors of the breast
      (Fibroadenomas appearing at a relatively advanced age) of which 4 developed
      cancers. The past histories of another series of 730 patients having had
      mastectomies for cancer are examined; 24 of these had been operated upon
      previously for benign tumours or lesions of the breast. Attention is drawn to a
      number of histological signs the presence of which in an "a priori" benign lesion
      should evoke caution: multilayered epithelium of the galactophores glands with an
      "en flammeche" appearance, tubular adenomatous hyperplasia, irregular lobular
      hyperplasia, microcalcifications... Despite careful examination of multiple
      sections, the pathologists decision between benign and malignant lesion continue
      to be difficult.

PMID- 1194642
TI  - [Cytological examination. Solid breast tumors examined by means of fine-needle
      puncture].
AB  - The value of cytological diagnosis of solid tumours of the breast where the cells
      were obtained by suction aspiration through a needle has been analysed in a
      consecutive series of 2,401 cases, all of which were checked by histological
      examination. They consisted of 1,745 malignant tumours and 656 benign tumours.
      The cytological diagnosis of malignancy was confirmed, almost always, error being
      practically non-existent (4 out of 1,000). This confirms that this simple and
      rapid test is very valuable in the diagnosis of mammary cancer. On the other
      hand, when the diagnosis of a benign tumour was made a certain number of cancers
      were missed (3.6 per cent). This is not therefore as valuable a test when the
      result is negative as when the result is positive. All the same, in certain cases
      it can suggest the diagnosis without giving the precise type of lesion, which can
      only be finally diagnosed histologically.

PMID- 1194643
TI  - [Correlation between histology, cytology and clinical examination].
AB  - There exist, very frequently, an excellent correlation between cytology,
      histology and clinical examination in breast diseases. Combination of different
      methods reduce the risk of false diagnosis.

PMID- 1194644
TI  - [Inspection in the diagnosis of breast carcinoma].
AB  - The School of Centre Broca has improved the clinical procedures of early 
      detection of breast carcinoma. For 421 checked up carcinomas, including micro
      carcinomas, in more than 9 out of 10 cases, the diagnosis has been based on the
      inspection signs. The latter has to be a dynamical inspection. Description is
      given of the various phases of this inspection, i.e. postural phases and phases
      of mobilization. The rate of the false negative clinical results does not exceed
      the one of each of the para-clinical investigations (mammography or
      thermography). An early detection of a mass may be made if each practioner
      contraints himself to perform systematically in his female patients the dynamic
      inspection of the breast.

PMID- 1194645
TI  - [Telethermography of the breast].
AB  - Thermography has become indispensable for diagnosis of malignant and benign
      breast diseases. Technique and interpretation of the thermogram are described.
      The place of Thermography amongst the various breast investigations is discussed.

PMID- 1194646
TI  - [Telethermographic follow-up of breast cancers treated by radiotherapy].
AB  - The study of 635 breast cancers before and after radical radiation therapy,
      allows us to define 4 different ways of evolution: progressive linear cooling or
      sterilization, persistent thermal abnormalities or non-sterilization, relighting
      following a cooling phase or recurrence, persistent tepid breasts, meaning a
      radiation sequela (radiotherapic breast). We must emphasize that telethermography
      allows us to define the opportunity and timing of secondary surgery.

PMID- 1194647
TI  - On widowhood. Discussion.

PMID- 1194648
TI  - On widowhood. Grief work and indentity reconstruction.

PMID- 1194649
TI  - On widowhood. Introduction.

PMID- 1194650
TI  - On widowhood. Discussion.

PMID- 1194651
TI  - I never sang for my father. Introduction.

PMID- 1194652
TI  - On widowhood. Mutual help and the elderly widow.

PMID- 1194653
TI  - Race and mental illness: an epidemiologic update.

PMID- 1194654
TI  - Status inconsistency and psychiatric diagnosis: a structural approach to labeling
      theory.

PMID- 1194656
TI  - Black self-derogation and residential mobility.

PMID- 1194655
TI  - Mental health and the urban environment: some doubts and second thoughts.

PMID- 1194657
TI  - The changing relationship between socioeconomic status and infant mortality: an
      analysis of state characteristics.

PMID- 1194658
TI  - Alienation, familism and the utilization of health services by Mexican Americans.

PMID- 1194659
TI  - Ethnic and sex effects on emergency ward utilization for drug-related problems: a
      linear model analysis.

PMID- 1194660
TI  - Access to medical care: the impact of outreach services on enrollees of a prepaid
      health insurance program.

PMID- 1194661
TI  - Altered reabsorption of protein by the renal cortex in rats treated with
      hypertonic saline or mannitol.
AB  - The reabsorption of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by the proximal tubule cells of
      rat kidneys was investigated by measuring the concentration of HRP in total
      particulate fractions of the cortex 1/4 and 1 hr after intravenous injection, and
      by correlated cytochemical observations. When compared to the corresponding
      values of the control animals, the concentration of HRP 1 hr after injection was
      decreased approximately 10-fold in the renal cortex of rats which had received an
      intravenous injection of hypertonic saline or two subcutaneous injections of
      mannitol. The plasma clearance and the urinary excretion of HRP were not altered
      significantly after injection of hypertonic saline, but the plasma clearance was
      decreased and the urinary excretion increased after injection of mannitol. When
      the dose of injected HRP was varied, the reabsorption of HRP by the renal cortex
      was proportional to the dose in the experimental and the control animals.
      Cytochemical staining for peroxidase activity also showed that the phagosomes and
      phagolysosomes of the proximal tubule cells contained much less peroxidase in the
      experimental rats than in the control rats. After injection of mannitol, large
      vacuoles appeared in the proximal tubule cells. The vacuoles often contained
      peroxidase-positive granules (phagosomes) which varied in diameter from the limit
      of microscopic visibility up to several microns. Most of the vacuoles did not
      react for acid phosphatase activity, but lysosomes were often aggregated around
      the vacuoles and seemed to release acid phosphatase into the cytoplasm. Certain
      analogies between the reabsorption of protein and that of water by the proximal
      tubule cells are discussed.

PMID- 1194662
TI  - Bismuth localization within nuclear inclusions by x-ray microanalysis. Effects of
      accelerating voltage.
AB  - This report details the localization of bismuth by energy-dispersive x-ray
      microanalysis within characteristic nuclear inclusion bodies of renal tubular
      lining cells of rats following excessive exposure to this element. Peak to
      background ratios and analytical detection sensitivities for bismuth were found
      to vary for 04, 60 or 80 keV electron accelerating voltages. Optimum peak to
      background ratios were observed at 40 keV due to lower background generation,
      while greater detection sensitivities were recorded at 80 keV due to enhanced
      generation of bismuth characteristic x-rays.

PMID- 1194663
TI  - The coating of mouse myocardial cells. A cytochemical electron microscopical
      study.
AB  - The coating of mouse myocardial cells has been investigated with a variety of
      cytochemical methods. The coating of the surface membrane gives a positive
      reaction with ruthenium red, colloidal thorium, phosphotungstic acid (PTA) at low
      pH, silver methenamine after periodic oxidation (PA-silver technique) and with
      silver proteinate after periodic oxidation and thiocarbohydrazide treatment (PA
      TCH-silver technique). The coating of the T system gives almost similar results.
      The nexuses do not react with PTA nor with the PA-silver and PA-TCH-silver
      techniques, but they are strongly stained with ruthenium red which reveals
      periodic structures in their gaps. The specificities of the colloidal thorium
      technique and PAT staining have been tested by chemical treatments (methylation,
      acetylation, saponification), enzymatic digestions (pronase, trypsin,
      hyaluronidase, neuraminidase) and carbohydrate extractions (with 0.1 N NaOH and
      0.05 M H2SO4). These cytochemical data indicate, considering the specificity of
      the reactions, that the coating of the membrane surface and the T system contains
      polyanionic groups. A part of them, at least, would belong to a carbohydrate
      containing material (glycoproteins), whereas at the level of nexuses the sugar
      residues would probably be absent.

PMID- 1194664
TI  - Electrophoretic studies on the phosphorylase isozymes.
AB  - The electrophoretic method of Davis, Schliselfeld, Wolf, Leavitt and Krebs (1967)
      for phosphorylase isozymes has been modified. By this method, five isozymes were
      separated in various organs of rat and pig and were disignated as phosphorylase
      L, LI, I, II and III. The L and III enzymes were the only forms found in liver
      and skeletal muscle, respectively, while the I enzyme was dominant in brain,
      uterus, lung and small intestine, which also contained some fractions of the II
      and III enzymes. The I enzyme was also dominant in adrenal, ovary and kidney, but
      these organs contained the L+II or L+LI as minor components. The L and LI were
      richly found in spleen and leukocytes of adult rats and pigs and in liver of
      newborn rats. Such organ-specific heterogeneity of phosphorylase was confirmed by
      the immunological tests with the antibodies prepared against phosphorylases I,
      III and L. The II and LI enzymes were found to be the hybrid molecules between
      the I and III enzymes, and between the I and L enzymes which have been previously
      reported as unhybridizable, respectively. In view of the above findings, it was
      concluded that the rat and pig possessed at least five molecular forms of
      phosphorylase.

PMID- 1194665
TI  - N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity in normal and malignant leukocytes.
AB  - An improved cytochemical method demonstrating N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in
      peripheral blood and bone marrow leukocytes is described. A significant elevation
      in enzyme activity in circulating monocytes from patients with solid tumor
      malignancies was observed. In a large series of cases of acute nonlymphocytic
      leukemia, elevated levels were found in the vast majority of those leukemias that
      had a predominant monocytic component identified either morphologically or by
      standard cytochemical methods. This reaction would appear to be useful as a
      monocyte marker.

PMID- 1194666
TI  - Adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine levels in cochlear structures. Use
      rate and effect of salicylates.
AB  - Guinea pigs were injected with various dosages of salicylate for varying time
      periods. The temporal bones were removed, frozen quickly, freeze-dried, and the
      cochlea was dissected into essential auditory component parts and subjected to
      microchemical analysis for phospho-creatine (P-creatine) and adenosine
      triphosphate (ATP) levels. It was found that high energy phosphates were not
      decreased by therapeutic or acutely toxic levels of salicylate. Only when chronic
      intoxication with salicylate was accomplished was there a reduction in ATP and P
      creatine. The data presented do not provide support for the widely held view that
      uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation or inhibition of enzymes involved in
      energy generation in the inner ear structures studied (organ of Corti, stria
      vascularis, Reissner's membrane, modiolar blood vessels, cochlear nerve and
      spiral ganglion) are the mechanisms by which salicylates cause reversible hearing
      loss. The study confirms the existence of a P-creatine gradient opposite to the
      well known glycogen gradient in the organ of Corti (Krzanowski JJ Jr, Matschinsky
      M: J Histochem 19:321, 1971) and suggests a relatively uniform energy use rate of
      this tissue for all four turns (20 mmoles of approximately phosphorus used/kg dry
      weight/min).

PMID- 1194667
TI  - Letter: Electron microscopic localization of monoamine oxidase in coleoptiles of
      Avena sativum L.

PMID- 1194668
TI  - Letter: Comments on the validity of the use of lead nitrate for the cytochemical
      study of adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 1194669
TI  - 7-Amino-actinomycin D as a cytochemical probe. I. Spectral properties.
AB  - The optical absorption and fluorescence characteristics of 7-animo-actinomycin D
      were determined to evaluate its potential as a fluorescent cytochemical probe. At
      pH 7.0, the absorption maximum and fluorescence excitation maximum are both at
      503 nm; the fluorescence emission is at 675 nm. When this compound forms
      complexes with DNA in solution, the absorption and fluorescence excitation maxima
      shift to 543 nm and the fluorescence emission shifts to 655 nm. The fluorescence
      quantum yield is 0.016 for 7-amino-actinomycin D free in solution and 0.01-0.02
      for complexes with native DNA. The 7-amino-actinomycin D also exhibits
      fluorescence shifts characteristic of binding when put into solution with poly(dG
      dC) poly(dG-dC), but not with poly(dI-dC) poly(dI-dC). The spectral
      characteristics are the same at pH 7.0 whether the solvent is 0.01 M PO4 with
      0.0001 M EDTA or Earle's salts with 0.025 M N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N1-2
      ethanesulfonic acid.

PMID- 1194670
TI  - Histochemical localization of trehalase activity in dorsal flight muscle of the
      flesh fly Sarcophaga bullata with light and electron microscopy.
AB  - Trehalase activity in flight muscle of the flesh fly Sacrophaga bullata is
      detected histochemically at light- and electron-microscopic levels by using
      diaminobenzidine, glucose oxidase and peroxidase in the incubation medium. The
      association of trehalase activity with the inner mitochondrial membrane is
      confirmed. Biochemical assay shows that about 50% of the initial total trehalase
      activity is lost from the tissue during the histochemical processing and about
      50% remains for histochemical detection.

PMID- 1194672
TI  - Letter: Ultrastructural immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin in rat
      pancreatic monolayer culture.

PMID- 1194671
TI  - The ultracytochemical demonstration of a formaldehyde-resistant dehydrogenase of
      leuco nitroxyl analogues.
AB  - A dehydrogenase which is relatively stable in formaldehyde fixative is
      demonstrated ultracytochemically by the reduction of various leuco nitroxyl
      analogues in rat hepatic, renal, myocardial, skeletal muscle and prostatic
      tubuloalveolar glandular tissues. The nonosmiophilic tetrazolium salt, t-(2'
      benzothiazolyl)-5-styryl-3-(4'-phtalhydrazidyl) tetrazolium chloride, is
      subsequently reduced to an insoluble osmiophilic formazan by the hydrogen ions
      resulting from the dehydrogenase activity. Exposure of the formazan to osmium
      tetroxide results in electron density enabling visualization of the reaction
      product in the electron microscope. Known inhibitors of various dehydrogenases
      were utilized in an attempt to determine the existence and/or extent of any
      specific characteristics of the dehydrogenase(s) involved.

PMID- 1194673
TI  - Quantitative light microscopic autoradiography. Emulsion sensitivity and latent
      image fading.
AB  - Emulsion sensitivity, latent image fading, and the effects of temperature,
      humidity, radiation dose and chemography on them were measured for NTB2
      autoradiographic emulsion using quantitative methods. Sensitivity of NTB2
      emulsion increased as the temperature during exposure increased, with the
      greatest increase per degree occurring between -20 degrees C. At 4 degrees C,
      emulsion sensitivity remained constant with time and radiation dose. Direct
      measurement of latent image fading showed no latent image fading for 60 weeks on
      slides exposed at 4 degrees C with Drierite. Slides exposed at 27 degrees C
      showed significant latent image fading and great variation between samples. High
      humidity decreased emulsion sensitivity and increased latent image fading. No
      evidence of either positive or negative chemography was found. The practical use
      of autoradiography requires an internal standard on each slide to correct for
      fluctuations in temperature and humidity during exposure time.

PMID- 1194674
TI  - Letter: Technique for cytochemical study of tissue cell suspension obtained by
      cytocentrifugation.

PMID- 1194675
TI  - Electro-immunoabsorption in gel, application to enzyme studies (alpha- and beta
      amylases from barley).
AB  - A technique combining immunoabsorption, electrophoresis and enzymatic
      characterization reactions in the same gel medium is described using alpha- and
      beta-amylases from barley seeds, their corresponding immune sera, and alpha
      amylases from bacteria. The sensitivity and the specificity of the technique have
      been determined for alpha-amylase. Two applications of this technique are
      presented: 1) in physiological studies to ascertain whether an anti-enzyme immune
      serum reacts with all the forms of the enzyme under study and, 2) for detecting,
      among antigenically characterized enzymes, proteins which have the same enzymatic
      activity but are antigenically different. The possibility of applying this
      technique to other enzymes is discussed.

PMID- 1194676
TI  - Quantitative estimation of cytotoxic activity of immune lymphocytes using 51Cr
      labelled peritoneal macrophages as target cells.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages labelled with 51Cr in suspension and cultivated for 48 hr
      on glass pretreated with poly-L-lysine were used as target cells for
      determination of the cytotoxic effect of immune lymphocytes. 51Cr release from
      such target cell from different strains of mice is 15.5 +/- 0.8% of the total
      target cell radioactivity after 20 hr incubation with normal allogeneic
      lymphocytes. The use of 2% sodium dodecylsulphate ensures 100 percent
      solubilisation of labelled target cells growing on the glass surface and permits
      the cytotoxic effect to be determined by both 51Cr release and measuring the
      label retained by the intact cells. The two methods proved to be accurate,
      reproducible and in accord with each other as well as with the method of direct
      cell counting. Determination of released 51Cr enables the cytotoxic effect of
      lymphocytes to be measured after 4 hr incubation with the macrophage monolayer.
      SaI and Mc11 ascitic sarcomas display different sensitivities to the cytotoxic
      effect of immune lymphocytes and require different optimum conditions for its
      development.

PMID- 1194677
TI  - A study of platelet stickiness in some liver diseases.

PMID- 1194678
TI  - Subjective verification of objective measurement of arterial blood pressure.

PMID- 1194679
TI  - Functional tonic extensor spasms.

PMID- 1194680
TI  - Sublingual neurilemmoma.

PMID- 1194681
TI  - Abdominal sympathoblastoma in an adult with lung abscess.

PMID- 1194682
TI  - Marfan's syndrome, ventricular septal defect and basilar impression in one
      patient.

PMID- 1194683
TI  - Editorial: Platelet function tests and liver disease.

PMID- 1194684
TI  - Rural surgical service.

PMID- 1194685
TI  - Liver in thyrotoxicosis (a functional and structural study).

PMID- 1194686
TI  - Erythrocytic glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in thalassaemia
      syndromes--a cytochemical study.

PMID- 1194687
TI  - Psychiatric illness in the puerperium.

PMID- 1194688
TI  - Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.

PMID- 1194689
TI  - Intestinal perforation by ascaris.

PMID- 1194690
TI  - Aniline dye poisoning.

PMID- 1194691
TI  - Sarcoma resembling Burkitt's tumour.

PMID- 1194692
TI  - Editorial: Medical education de-valued.

PMID- 1194693
TI  - Editorial: Liver in thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 1194694
TI  - Is obesity a "disease"?

PMID- 1194695
TI  - Practical clinical psychopharmacology: the tranquilizers.

PMID- 1194696
TI  - Informed consent for surgical operation.

PMID- 1194697
TI  - Renal rickets?

PMID- 1194698
TI  - Endometrial cancer--is there a good method for early detection?

PMID- 1194699
TI  - "Function pleasure" in Adlerian psychotherapy.

PMID- 1194700
TI  - The effects of vicariously experiencing supernatural-violent events: a case study
      of The Exorcist's impact.

PMID- 1194701
TI  - Relationship of social interest to internal-external control and self
      actualization in young women.

PMID- 1194702
TI  - Trait oppositeness in siblings: test of an Adlerian tenet.

PMID- 1194703
TI  - Early recollections of homosexuals as indicators of their life styles.

PMID- 1194704
TI  - Control of fluid secretion by isolated salivary glands of the lone star tick.

PMID- 1194705
TI  - Limb regeneration and apolysis in the tick, Ornithodoros tartakovskyi.

PMID- 1194706
TI  - Neuromuscular junctions and L-glutamate-sensitive sites in the fleshfly,
      Sarcophaga bullata.

PMID- 1194707
TI  - Effect of lipid solvents on protein, DNA, and collagen synthesis in human skin:
      an electron microscopic autoradiographic study.
AB  - The effect of acetone and kerosene on the synthesis of protein, DNA, and collagen
      was studied by electron microscopic autoradiography using [3H]leucine,
      [3H]thymidine, and [3H]proline as tracers in human skin. Quantitative analyses
      following concomitant administration of tritiated leucine and acetone or kerosene
      demonstrated, at 90 min, a marked decrease in silver grains as compared to
      control or nonexposed areas. Incorporation of tritiated thymidine is moderately
      stimulated only by acetone, whereas radioactive proline distribution is not
      significantly affected. Electron microscopic autoradiograms revealed that
      tritiated leucine is distributed over all epidermal cells, mostly in the stratum
      spinosum of control epidermis; a marked decrease of silver grains from
      [3H]leucine followed both lipid solvent exposures. The autoradiographic reaction
      is specifically located over cytoplasmic organelles, such as polysomes,
      endoplasmic reticulum, and especially tonofilaments. Tritiated thymidine resulted
      in silver grains mostly over nuclear chromatin and these were moderatly increased
      after acetone application, whereas the incorporation of radioactive proline in
      the fibroblasts and collagen fibrils were not significantly influenced. These
      investigations indicate a dissociated effect of lipid solvents on protein, DNA,
      and collagen synthesis in human skin.

PMID- 1194708
TI  - Pagetoid premalignant melanosis and melanoma: differentiation from Hutchinson's
      melanotic freckle.
AB  - Twenty-three examples of pagetoid premalignant melanosis have been analyzed by
      clinical, histologic, histochemical, and microscopic techniques. Utilizing
      criteria based on these findings, the pagetoid lesions can be differentiated from
      Hutchinson's melanotic freckel and seem to be particular types of nevocytic
      pigment cell tumors.

PMID- 1194709
TI  - New observations in the histopathology of erythema nodosum.
AB  - Erythema nodosum presents variable clinical and histologic patterns of response
      in the vessels, septa, and fat lobules of the subcutaneous tissue. Acute or
      chronic phlebitis with hemorrhage may be commonly observed; acute panniculitis is
      observed in foci, but at time it may be the principal histologic feature;
      lymphocytic infiltration of fat lobules is often found, and lymphoid nodules are
      not infrequent; rarely, chronic granulomatous lesions involve septa or fat
      lobules; and proliferative lipocyte response may be observed. Because these
      variable histologic patterns may be coexistent, excision biopsy and multiple
      sections are necessary to recognize them. The variable histologic features
      correlate with the different clinical forms: acute nodular, chronic nodular,
      migrating plaque lesion, cellulitis, and the rate suppurative form. This variety
      of panniculus response in erythema nodosum can be explained on the basis of host
      tissue response to a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to an antigenic stimulus.

PMID- 1194710
TI  - Pulmonary elastic tissue in generalized elastolysis (cutis laxa) and Marfan's
      syndrome: a light and electron microscopic study.
AB  - We have studied elastic tissue changes in the lungs from patients with Marfan's
      syndrome, generalized elastolysis, patients with emphysema of other cause, and
      those dying from unrelated causes. Degenerative changes were seen in the elastic
      tissue fibers in patient's with Marfan's syndrome; they varied from mild to
      severe. Elastic fibers in the lungs of patients with cutis laxa showed by light
      and electron microscopy the same morphologic changes previously reported in the
      skin and vessels. While the alterations in individual elastic fibers in the
      alveolar septa appeared similar, in cutix laxa there was severe involvement of
      almost all fibers, whereas in Marfan's syndrome the involvement was not so
      severe, nor did it affect all fibers. On examination of lung sections from
      patients with cutis laxa or Marfan's syndrome, both were readily separable from
      normal and abnormal controls.

PMID- 1194711
TI  - Further studies of photoaugmentation in humans: phototoxic reactions.
AB  - The addition of modest amounts of long ultraviolet light (UV-A) to 1/2 minimal
      erythema dose (MED) of sunburning irradiation (UV-B) produced erythema visible at
      24 hr, the prototype of the photoaugmentation phenomenon. The results were the
      same whether UV-A was given before or after UV-B. Photoaugmentation could be
      demonstrated after an inverval of 6 hr between doses, but not after 1 day.
      Photoaugmentation has also been demonstrated clinically and histologically with
      two topical photosensitizers, coal tar and 8-methoxy-psoralen.

PMID- 1194712
TI  - Melanogenesis from topical mechlorethamine and analogues in skin of hairless mice
      and in vitiligo.
AB  - Progressive repigmentation occurred in vitiliginous skin of two patients
      topically treated with aqueous solutions of mechlorethamine. Hairless mice were
      found to provide what seems to be a satisfactory cutaneous system for evaluating
      potential melanogenic properties of topically applied test compounds.

PMID- 1194713
TI  - Changing patterns of incorporation of (14C)histidine and (3H)leucine into
      epidermal proteins during differentiation of fetal rat skin.
AB  - Synthesis of epidermal proteins has been assessed during epidermal
      differentiation in fetal rat skin by studies of the simultaneous incorporation of
      [14C]histidine (H) and [3H]leucine (L) in vitro. Relative incorporation of the
      two amino acids into epidermal proteins was assessed in terms of H/L ratios and
      absolute rates of incorporation related to DNA content. Biochemical parameters
      were correlated with morphologic development. An increase in incorporation of
      both amino acids accompanied stratification and development of granular and
      cornified layers between 18 days of gestation and 3 to 5 days postpartum.
      Relatively greater incorporation of histidine after development of mature
      granular cells and stratum corneum was reflected in increasing H/L ratios. These
      results correlated with negative Pauly staining of the initial fetal
      keratohyaline granules at day 18 and positive staining of mature granules at
      subsequent stages of development. H/L ratios appear to represent a sensitive
      marker for differential protein synthesis during differentiation in whole
      epidermis. The results suggest that biosynthesis of histidine-rich protein is
      associated with production of mature keratohyaline granules during fetal
      development.

PMID- 1194714
TI  - Staphylococcal toxic epidermal necrolysis: pathogenesis and studies on the
      subcellular site of action of exfoliatin.
AB  - An exfoliating substance elaborated by certain phage Group 2 staphylococci causes
      toxic epidermal necrolysis. Both in man and in the newborn mouse, intraepidermal
      cleavage is the predominant histologic feature following exposure to this toxin.
      Electron microscopic study of sequential biopsy specimens obtained from neonatal
      mice and from organ cultures of human skin revealed intercellular cleavage and
      cell separation. The extracellular nature of the exfoliative process was
      confirmed in several ways: (1) perfused tracers did not penetrate cells during
      cell separation; (2) cultured cells exposed to high doses of exfoliating
      fractions demonstrated no signs of injury; and (3) cleaved surfaces examined by
      scanning electron microscopy and surface replication demonstrated intact plasma
      membranes. When fractions capable of inducing exfoliation were applied to
      cultured keratinocytes of fibroblasts, sperm, or lymphocyte suspensions, and to
      human or mouse skin in vivo, they did not alter the distribution or intensity of
      concanavalin A binding, ruthenium red staining, pemphigus antibody binding, or HL
      A surface antigens. Therefore, while the pathogenesis of staphylococcal toxic
      epidermal necrolysis involves intercellular cleavage, the molecular cell surface
      target remains unknown.

PMID- 1194715
TI  - Rapid regeneration of the dermal-epidermal junction after partial separation by
      vacuum: an electron microscopic study.
AB  - A process of rapid repair of dermal-epidermal adherence, as found in experiments
      with interrupted suction, was investigated electron microscopically. Biopsies in
      different stages of the process of suction blister formation and of the repair
      process were studied. Results show that suction blister formation occurs by
      successive detachment of hemidesmosomes from the basement membrane, and that,
      after partial separation of the epidermis from the dermis, a rapid regeneration
      of the dermal-epidermal junction takes place. This regeneration process
      apparently consists of two steps: realignment of basal cells to the basement
      membrane accompanied by autophagocytosis of detached hemidesmosomes, and de novo
      formation of hemidesmosomes. The time required for this structural regeneration
      corresponds well with the speed of the functional repair of dermal-epidermal
      adherence measured with the technique of interrupted suction.

PMID- 1194716
TI  - Anti-inflammatory effects of antimicrobial agents: an in vivo study.
AB  - Antimicrobials are used emperically in a variety of inflammatory dermatoses such
      as rosacea and dermatitis herpetiformis, although these diseases are not believed
      to be of bacterial etiology. We have used potassium iodide ointment to induce
      follicular pustules and have found in this in vivo model properties of
      antimicrobials not related to their antibacterial actions. Topical
      demethylchlortetracycline and erythromycin (5%) lead to suppression of KI-induced
      inflammation (erythema, pustules) and systemic use of these drugs as well as
      diaminodiphenylsulfone produces the same effect.

PMID- 1194717
TI  - Treatment of psoriasis with oral mycophenolic acid.
AB  - Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of purine synthesis, was evaluated for its
      therapeutic and adverse effects in 29 patients with psoriasis. MPA was
      administered orally for at least 12 weeks, during which time the daily dose was
      increased from 1600 to 4800 mg depending on occurrence of adverse reactions.
      Complete clearing occurred in 1 of the patients, almost complete clearing in 14,
      definite improvement in 13, slight or doubtful improvement in 1. The full effect
      of MPA required a median time of 8 weeks (range 5-14). After discontinuing MPA,
      relapses began at a median time of 4 weeks (range 3-8). The severity of psoriasis
      was scored on a 0 to 108 scale using a newly devised system. The mean severity
      and range before treatment was 47 (21-88); after 12 weeks, 15 (0-50). Adjustment
      of dose on the basis of side effects resulted in a median daily dose of 3600 mg
      (range 2400-4800 mg; 30-96 mg/kg ideal weight). Characteristic dose-limiting side
      effects were soft or frequent bowel movements, diarrhea, nausea, and anorexia.
      One instance of reversible, dose-related leukopenia was identified.

PMID- 1194718
TI  - Ability of PABA to protect mammalian skin from ultraviolet light-induced skin
      tumors and actinic damage.
AB  - Application of 50 para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to hairless mice one hour prior
      to ultraviolet light (UVL) irradiation will almost totally protect these animals
      from developing tumors induced by chronic exposure to UVL in the 290 to 320 nm
      range in conjunction with a chemical carcinogen. Mice exposed to UVL and not
      protected by PABA developed primarily squamous cell carcinomas. Two months after
      cessation of chronic UVL exposure, the non-PABA-treated irradiated mouse skin
      appeared thickened, yellow, and wrinkled while showing elevated DNA synthesis,
      hyperplasia, hypergranulosis, and increased amounts of elastotic material. The
      PABA-treated skin was grossly normal.

PMID- 1194719
TI  - The inefficacy of riboflavin against ultraviolet-induced carcinogenesis.
AB  - Flavins are reported to protect cellular DNA against UV irradiation injury in
      vitro. The possible photoprotective effects of riboflavin in vivo on UV-induced
      carcinogenesis were studied in three groups of HR-hairless mice. Group I served
      as control. Group II was painted daily with a 15 mg per ml solution of
      riboflavin. In Group III, drinking water was replaced with a 15 mg per ml
      solution of riboflavin in water. All three groups were simultaneously irradiated
      in a light box with two Westinghouse FS20 sunlamps from a distance of 30 cm for 5
      min daily 6 days a week throughout the experiment. By the 11th month all
      surviving mice developed several histologically proven squamous cell carcinomas.
      The total numbers and times of onset of tumors did not vary in the three groups.
      Thus, no protective effect of massive amounts of riboflavin on ultraviolet
      induced carcinogenesis in the hairless mouse could be demonstrated when such high
      dose rates of UV were used.

PMID- 1194720
TI  - Fluid resuscitation of burn patients comparing a crystalloid with a colloid
      containing solution: a prospective study.

PMID- 1194721
TI  - Editorial: Chubby cherubs.

PMID- 1194722
TI  - The new commitment law.

PMID- 1194723
TI  - High pressure injection injuries to the hand.

PMID- 1194724
TI  - Drug-induced anemia associated with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

PMID- 1194725
TI  - Iowa medical liability legislation--a summary of House File 803.

PMID- 1194726
TI  - Blue Cross-Blue Shield now under one roof.

PMID- 1194727
TI  - Physician-pharmacist Code of Understanding.

PMID- 1194728
TI  - Were you trained, or educated.

PMID- 1194729
TI  - Health problems of Vietnamese refugee children.

PMID- 1194731
TI  - Viewing the future: intraocular lenses.

PMID- 1194730
TI  - Primary definitive operation: open heart surgery in infants at KUMC.

PMID- 1194732
TI  - Selection of patients: indications for coronary evaluation-1975.

PMID- 1194733
TI  - Difficult hernias: Mersilene mesh in the repair of hernias.

PMID- 1194735
TI  - The proud man's contumely.

PMID- 1194734
TI  - Acute care teams: ancillary personnel for anesthesia and intensive care.

PMID- 1194736
TI  - Letter: Recommendations of the Malpractice Committee of the Kansas Medical
      Society.

PMID- 1194737
TI  - Idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. Rationale and techniques of early detection.

PMID- 1194738
TI  - Severe iron deficiency anemia.

PMID- 1194739
TI  - Skeletal abnormalities: cleidocranial dysostosis.

PMID- 1194740
TI  - Medical school applicant. A study of the admission interview.

PMID- 1194741
TI  - Professional liability. Legislative change needed to stem current medical
      malpractice crisis.

PMID- 1194742
TI  - Editorial: The failing physician.

PMID- 1194743
TI  - Editorial: Motherhood and apple pie.

PMID- 1194744
TI  - Masking of mitral stenosis by pericardial tamponade: hemodynamic clarification
      after pericardiocentesis.

PMID- 1194745
TI  - Locked dislocation of the great toe.

PMID- 1194746
TI  - Nonvisualization of gallbladder due to cancer of stomach.

PMID- 1194747
TI  - Ventricular ectopy: benign or malignant?

PMID- 1194748
TI  - Simultaneous determination of extracellular fluid and total body water. I.
AB  - A method for the simultaneous determination of extracellular fluid volume by
      radiosulfate-35 and total body water by tritiated water is described. Protein was
      precipitated from plasma with 10 per cent trichloroacetic acid. Radiosulfate-35
      and tritiated water were counted in a dual-channel liquid scintillation
      spectrometer, using an automatic external standard to correct for quench. The
      sulfate space was calculated by the isotope dilution principle. Crossover counts
      contributed by radiosulfate-35 into the tritium channel were subtracted from the
      total counts in that channel. The tritiated water space was then calculated by
      the isotope dilution principle. Studies were performed in vitro and in 8
      bilaterally nephrectomized rats. In vitro extracellular space by radiosulfate-35
      and total body water by tritiated water demonstrated less than 3 per cent
      variation from the predicted volumes. In the rat, total body water determined
      with tritiated water demonstrated 4 per cent variation from that determined by
      desiccation. The method is simple, accurate, reproducible, and readily applicable
      for use in man and animals.

PMID- 1194749
TI  - Volume studies. II. Simultaneous determination of plasma volume, red cell mass,
      extracellular fluid, and total body water before and after volume expansion in
      dog and man.
AB  - A method for the simultaneous determination of plasma volume, red cell mass,
      extracellular fluid volume, and total body water is described. Plasma volume and
      red cell mass were determined by a standard dual gamma-tracer technique using
      125radioiodinated labeled human serum albumin (125RISA) and 51radiochromate
      tagged red cells (51Cr-RBC). Extracellular fluid volume and total body water were
      determined by a dual beta-tracer technique which utilized radiosulfate-35 (35SO4)
      and tritiated water (THO), respectively. Kinetic studies of each radionuclide in
      normal and fluid expanded states demonstrated equilibration of 125RISA and 51Cr
      RBC in 5 minutes, 35SO4 and THO in 30 minutes. The results of the volume studies
      in dog and man demonstrated less than 10 per cent variation on repetitive study,
      and better than 70 per cent accuracy in estimating a known fluid change. This
      technique will enable a more precise and simplified investigation of the
      physiology of body fluid volume regulation in health and disease.

PMID- 1194750
TI  - Isolation and chemical characterization of a granuloma glycoprotein that inhibits
      macrophage phagocytosis.
AB  - A saline soluble glycoprotein isolated from 14- and 42-day polyvinyl sponge
      granulomas was shown to depress in vitro phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages.
      The glycoprotein had no effect on polymorphonuclear phagocytosis. Chemical and
      physical characterization of the inhibitor protein obtained from mature (42-day)
      granulomas developed in guinea pigs indicated that the protein had a molecular
      weight of 48,500 and an isoelectric point of 5.3. It was homogeneous when
      examined in three polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoretic buffer systems. The
      carbohydrate and amino acid content of the protein are reported. The chemical and
      physical characteristics of the inhibitor protein suggest that it is of nonserum
      origin. It is postulated that the glycoprotein inhibitor from chronic granulation
      tissue may participate in regulation of mononuclear phagocyte (macrophage)
      function within a local inflammatory focus.

PMID- 1194751
TI  - Indirect blood pressure measurements in the rabbit: correlations with direct
      aortic and ear pressures.
AB  - Blood pressures in the central artery of the ear were determined in rabbits by
      the use of a modified Grant-Rothschild pressure capsule using two end-points
      defined as the complete cessation (occlusion) or restoration (opening) of the
      arterial blood flow. In normal rabbits, the opening values measured by the
      capsule were closely related to diastolic pressures measured directly in the
      aorta or in the central artery of the ear, whereas the values obtained during
      arterial occlusion were higher, by a reproducible amount, than the direct
      systolic recordings in both the ear and the aorta. In rabbits rendered
      chronically hypertensive, systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured
      directly in the aorta and the ear were less (in a predictable manner) than their
      correspondent occlusion and opening values recorded with the capsule. The amount
      of this difference increased proportionally as blood pressure increased.
      Differences between direct and capsular recordings were less consistent in
      rabbits made acutely hypertensive with infusions of angiotensin. Through
      regression analysis, systolic and diastolic pressures in the aorta and in the
      central artery of the ear can be reliably predicted from capsular reading.

PMID- 1194752
TI  - A simplified approach for processing large numbers of double-antibody
      radioimmunoassay samples.

PMID- 1194753
TI  - A micromethod for the quantitative analysis of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus
      in human skin.
AB  - An inexpensive and simple micromethod is described for determining calcium,
      magnesium, and phosphorus in a 4 mm. punch biopsy of human skin. This small
      biopsy requires no sutures, and can be repeated frequently with minimal trauma to
      patients in long-term studies. Normal ranges of calcium (125 to 300 mg. per
      kilogram of dry defatted weight (DDW), phosphates (450 to 980 mg. per kilogram of
      DDW), and magnesium (75 to 112 mg. per kilogram of DDW) are similar to reported
      results on much larger biopsies. Skin calcium but not skin magnesium or phosphate
      was significantly higher in 40- to 76-year-old subjects when compared to the 20-
      to 39-year-old individuals. Comparison of an acid extraction method with the
      standard ashing procedure showed no significant differences in calcium and
      magnesium content, but the acid extractable phosphate was significantly lower
      than the total phosphorus found in the ash.

PMID- 1194754
TI  - Editorial: Animal research and the shrinking dollar.

PMID- 1194755
TI  - Renal vein renin in essential hypertension.
AB  - A frequency distribution curve and interval percentages of variations in right
      versus left renal vein renin (RVR) were calculated from 227 sets of renin data
      from patients with mild and moderate essential hypertension (EH). A renal vein
      renin ratio (RVRR), large/small, of approximately 2.0 or more falls beyond the 95
      per cent confidence interval, and may therefore by considered to be abnormal.
      Although assay variability and sampling errors may contribute to artifactually
      large RVRR's in EH, they usually indicate true disparity, probably secondary to
      asymmetrical nephrosclerosis. Recent hypotheses regarding diagnostic value of RVR
      in hypertension are evaluated in light of data yielded by this investigation.
      Simultaneous and/or replicate sampling should reduced within-patient variability
      and improve clinical interpretation of test results.

PMID- 1194756
TI  - Correlation of radial bone mineral content with total body calcium in chronic
      renal failure.
AB  - Loss of bone mineral of the skeleton in renal disease can be measured directly by
      total body neutron activation analysis (TBNAA), and also by an absorptiometric
      technique applied to the appendicular skeleton (radius). In the present study the
      results of these two techniques are compared in 25 patients with renal
      insufficiency, 53 patients with end-stage renal failure on dialysis, and 24
      normal control subjects. It is apparent that there is good correlation between
      total body calcium(TBCa) and bone mineral content (BMC) in all groups studied.
      The correlation in the normal contrast group was 0.944 as compared to 0.919 for
      the renal patients and 0.892 for patients with end-stage renal failure on
      dialysis. In order to measure the relative deficit in TBCa in individual patients
      from the absolute Ca measurement, it is necessary to normalize the data for sex,
      age, and skeletal size. For this purpose, an empirically derived relationship was
      used to predict the normal skeletal Ca in each subject, based on weight, height,
      sex, and age. The measured TBCa divided by the predicted TBCa is referred to as
      the calcium ratio. This ratio is useful in expressing the relative deficit of Ca
      in individual renal patients. In similar manner, BMC data were normalized, with
      the same relationship used to obtain BMC ratios. The normalization procedures
      allow both the TBCa and BMC measurements to be used to quantitate the Ca deficit
      in individual patients with renal insufficiency. However, the correlation
      coefficient relating changes in TBCa and BMC in individual patients on dialysis
      was very poor (0.25). It is clear that the BMC measurement alone cannot always
      predict the level of the total body Ca in individual patients with renal failure.
      In like manner, TBCa measurement alone does not define the distribution of total
      body Ca between the skeleton and soft tissue in these patients. However, taken
      together, the BMC measure along with that of TBCa does suggest possible
      alterations in the skeletal calcium distribution associated with renal disease.

PMID- 1194757
TI  - Effect of uremia on rates of ethanol disappearance from the blood and on the
      activities of the ethanol-oxidizing enzymes.
AB  - The effect of uremia on ethanol metabolism was investigated. Uremia was induced
      in male Spraque-Dawley rats by removal of approximately 85 per cent of the renal
      mass. Control animals had a sham operation. The mean activity of alcohol
      dehydrogenase was markedly increased in the uremic rats to 2.12 +/- 0.13 (S.E.M.)
      mumoles per milligram of protein per hours as compared with a control value of
      1.39 +/- 0.13 mumoles per milligram of protein per hour (p less than 0.001).
      There were no changes in the activity of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system,
      in catalase activity present in the microsomes, or in the rates of ethanol
      disappearance from the blood. Uremia resulted in decreases in microsomal
      cytochrome -450, but no changes in cytochrome b5, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase,
      or in the activities of aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine demethylase. The
      increase in alcohol dehydrogenase activity could not be reproduced by incubation
      of liver from a normal rat with uremic rat plasma, uremic human serum, or urea.
      Also, the increase in the enzyme activity was not associated with changes in
      leucocyte ascorbic acid levels. The cause and physiologic significance of the
      increase in alcohol dehydrogenase activity in uremia remain to be elucidated.

PMID- 1194758
TI  - Effects on cancer patients of leukapheresis with the continuous-flow blood cell
      separator. I. Hematologic and immunologic parameters in vivo.
AB  - A study was undertaken to investigate the hematologic and in vivo immunologic
      effects of leukapheresis of from 2 X 10(9) to 1.6 X 10(10) peripheral blood
      lymphocytes from 9 cancer patients and 13 normal donors on the blood cell
      separator. The same parameters were measured in 10 individuals who did not
      undergo leukapheresis and 4 individuals who underwent sham leukapheresis. Studies
      were performed immediately prior to and following leukapheresis and at 4 hours, 1
      day, 3 days, and 7 days following leukapheresis. There was a transient decline in
      blood lymphocyte pool (BLP) of the normal donors which returned to
      preleukapheresis values within 72 hours. Six of 13 normal donors and 2 of 9
      cancer patients had a fall in blood lymphocyte count which was below the lower
      limit of the range of change in control donors immediately following
      leukapheresis, but all returned to control range within 24 hours. Five cancer
      patients had increases in lymphocyte count. DNCB reactivity and delayed cutaneous
      hypersensitivity reactions to common recall antigens were performed 2 weeks
      before, immediately before, and after leukapheresis, at 7 days and at 4 to 6
      weeks following leukapheresis. There were no differences in skin test reactivity
      between groups. No clinical exacerbations of malignant disease occurred which
      might be construed to be due to leukapheresis.

PMID- 1194759
TI  - Vasodilator responses to K+ in genetic hypertensive and in renal hypertensive
      rats.
AB  - Vascular responses to K+ were studied in 37 genetically hypertensive (GH) rats of
      the New Zealand strain, 12 weight-matched and 11 age-matched normotensive control
      rats, 21 renal hypertensive (RH) rats with one renal artery clipped and the other
      kidney untouched, and 18 sham-clipped normotensive control (N) rats, under
      intravenous chloralose and pentobarbitol anesthesia. KCI in an isosmolar
      solution, delivering 1.84 X 10(-3), 3.07 X 10(-3), or 4.60 X 10(-3) mEq. K+ per
      minute was infused intra-arterially into the isolated pump-perfused (blood, 1 ml.
      per minute) hindlimb vascular beds, increasing measured limb arterial plasma [K+]
      up to 12 mEq. per liter without changing arterial pressure. The K+ infusions at
      all three rates reduced limb resistance (P less than 0.01). There was a linear
      correlation (P less than 0.01) between initial limb resistance and magnitude of
      response. Analysis of covariance indicated that there were no significant
      differences between responses in GH and normotensive control rats (P less than
      0.1). In contrast, responses in RH rats were decreased (P less than 0.01) when
      compared to responses in N and GH rats. Thus, the vascular response to K+ is
      attenuated in renal hypertensive rats, as we have previously found in renal
      hypertensive dogs and essential hypertensive men, suggesting an underlying defect
      in vascular K+ metabolism. This abnormality is apparently not shared by
      genetically hypertensive rats of the New Zealand strain.

PMID- 1194760
TI  - Lymphocyte transformation tests and suspected drug allergy.
AB  - The problems of confirming that a suspected drug allergy exists and which of the
      administered drugs is the allergen were studied in 43 patients in whom such a
      diagnosis was considered. Heparinized whole blood was drawn from each patient and
      1 ml. aliquots of the supernatant leucocyte-rich plasma were cultured for 3 to 5
      days. Individual drugs were added to cultures at the start of incubation.
      Thymidine3H was added and the incorporated radioactivity measured. Control
      cultures were done concurrently. Twelve patients had increased thymidine uptake
      by their drug-treated cells (positive lymphocyte transformation tests). Five
      patients with positive tests had them repeated. Thymidine uptake decreased with
      time after the suspect drug was stopped and all the tests eventually became
      negative. The lymphocyte transformation test appears to be clinically useful for
      some patients and can confirm suspected drug allergy at times. Its further
      development appears warranted.

PMID- 1194761
TI  - Respiratory failure complicating pancreatitis: a case report.

PMID- 1194762
TI  - Grand rounds: Pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1194763
TI  - Maternal mortality: from the files of the KMA Maternal Mortality Study Committee.

PMID- 1194764
TI  - Granulomas in nasal polyps.
AB  - Three specimens of simple nasal polyps which were examined in a routine
      histopathology laboratory contained tubereuloid granulomas. One of these patients
      was found to have systemic sarcoidosis. The other two continue to be asymptomatic
      and in one of these rupture of cystic nasal mucous glands with the liberation of
      epithelial mucin into the stroma appears to have excited the granulomatous
      reaction. The causation, investigation and significance of granulomas at this
      site are discussed.

PMID- 1194765
TI  - Transcranial orbital decompression in severe cases of unilateral exophthalmos.
AB  - Intracranial transtemporal orbital decompressions in one case of massive fibrous
      dysplasia of temporal, parietal and maxillary bones and in two cases of
      meningioma of the sphenoidal region are described. Surgery for fibrous dysplasia,
      even if extensive, must always be modified according to cosmetic and functional
      aspects. In bone-invading meningioma, large decompressing resections should be
      made. They may save the eye and arrest the progress of the disease for long
      periods of time.

PMID- 1194766
TI  - Retropharyngeal lipoma.

PMID- 1194767
TI  - Mycosis fungoides involving the external auditory meatus.

PMID- 1194768
TI  - Health care delivery in Maine II: conditions explaining hospital admission.

PMID- 1194769
TI  - Student nurses and smoking. A survey.

PMID- 1194770
TI  - Hemothorax complicating anticoagulation for pulmonary embolus. A report of 2
      patients.

PMID- 1194771
TI  - Interactive television and the rural family physician.

PMID- 1194772
TI  - The first six months after otitis media. A preliminary report.

PMID- 1194773
TI  - Planning a rural community health center.

PMID- 1194774
TI  - Emergency medicine.

PMID- 1194775
TI  - Health care delivery in Maine, III: evaluating the level of hospital performance.

PMID- 1194776
TI  - Activated charcoal: a forgotten antidote.

PMID- 1194777
TI  - Angiographic demonstration of critical arteriosclerotic lesions of the carotid
      bifurcation.

PMID- 1194778
TI  - Silent aneurysm.

PMID- 1194779
TI  - Health care and the 107th Maine Legislature.

PMID- 1194780
TI  - Left ventricular aneurysm in a patient with normal coronary arteries and no
      history of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1194782
TI  - Villous adenoma of the colon with severe fluid and electrolyte depletion. Report
      of a case.

PMID- 1194783
TI  - Perinatal mortality rate--use as an obstetric indicator.

PMID- 1194781
TI  - Resolution of complete trifascicular block.

PMID- 1194784
TI  - The clinical use of digitalis glycosides.

PMID- 1194785
TI  - Conversion of 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol and 7alpha-hydroxy-beta-sitosterol to
      3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy- and 3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-steroids
      in vitro.
AB  - The metabolism of 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol and 7alpha-hydroxy-beta-sitosterol
      (24alpha-ethyl-5-cholestene-3beta,7alpha-diol) has been compared in rat liver
      subcellular fractions. 7alpha-Hydroxy-beta-sitosterol was shown to be metabolized
      in the same manner as 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol. Thus, the following C29
      metabolites have been identified: 24alpha-ethyl-7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one,
      24alpha-ethyl-7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, 24alpha-ethyl-7alpha
      hydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one, 24alpha-ethyl-5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha-diol,
      24alpha-ethyl-7alpha,12alpha-dihydrozy-5beta-cholestan-3-one, and 24alpha-ethyl
      5beta-cholestane-3alha,7alpha,12alpha-triol. The C29 compounds were generally
      less efficient substrates. The most pronounced difference was noted for the
      delta4-3-oxosteroid 5beta-reductase. Thus, 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one was
      three to four times as efficiently reduced as the C29 analog. The oxidation of
      the 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxy-delta5-steroid to the 7alpha-hydroxy-delta4-3
      oxosteroid, the 12alpha-hydroxylation of the 7alpha-hydroxy-delta4-3-oxosteroid,
      and the reduction of the 7alpha-hydroxy-5beta-3-oxosteroid to the 3alpha,7alpha
      dihydroxy-5beta-steroid occurred in up to two times better yields for the C27
      steroids.

PMID- 1194786
TI  - Lipid compositions of cells isolated from pig, human, and rat epidermis.
AB  - Epidermal slices from pig, human, and rat skin were treated with dilute buffered
      trypsin solution (0.005%, w/v), and suspensions of mixed basal and spinous cells
      were obtained in good yield. Total lipids accounted for approximately 8% of the
      pig, 10% of the human, and 20% of the rat epidermal cell (dry weight).
      Phospholipids in pig, human, and rat cells accounted for, respectively, 62%, 53%,
      and 35% of the total lipids. Phosphatidylcholine (34-38%),
      phosphatidylethanolamine (18-23%), and sphingomyelin (17-21%) were major
      compounds in all species. The major neutral lipids were sterols (mostly
      cholesterol) and triglycerides. Free fatty acids were a major lipid class in pig
      and human cells, whereas wax esters were a major component in rat epidermal
      cells. Nearly half (45%) of the sterols in rat cells but less than 10% of those
      in pig and human cells were esterified. Cholest-7-ene-3beta-ol accounted for 20%
      of the total sterols in rat cells. Cholesteryl sulfate and ceramide were minor
      lipids in the three species. The predominant glycosphingolipid (greater than 99%)
      was glucosylceramide, which accounted for 7% and 9%, respectively, of the total
      lipids in pig and human cells. A significant proportion (pig, 17%; human, 11%) of
      the fatty acids in the glucosylceramides were C26:0 and C28:0.

PMID- 1194787
TI  - Different populations of pig epidermal cells: isolation and lipid composition.
AB  - Preparations representing populations of (a) basal and spinous cells, (b)
      granular cells, and (c) stratum corneum cells were obtained by successive
      treatments of epidermal slices from pig skin with dilute buffered trypsin
      solutions. Total lipids accounted for about 8% of the cell dry weight in each of
      the three populations. Phospholipids, which predominated in the basal and spinous
      cells, accounted for only 21% of the total lipids in the granular cells and less
      than 0.1% in the stratum corneum. The latter cells contained more cholesterol
      (23% of total lipid) than either the granular cells (18%) or the basal and
      spinous cells (8%). The proportion of ceramide was also much higher in the
      stratum corneum (17%) and granular cells (9%) than in the basal and spinous cells
      (1%). The relative amounts of glycosphingolipid (glucosylceramide) and
      cholesteryl sulfate in the total lipids of stratum corneum cells were less than
      half those in the granular cells and basal and spinous cells. A novel
      phospholipid was a major component (26% of total) of the phospholipids from
      granular cells. The compound, which was partially characterized, contained
      phosphorus, fatty acids, and glycerol (molar ratio 1:3:2) and appeared to be a
      neutral derivative of phosphatidic acid.

PMID- 1194788
TI  - Genesis of fatty liver and hyperlipemia in the fetal guinea pig.
AB  - 10 to 20% of [1-14C] palmitate injected into pregnant guinea pigs was recovered
      in lipids of their fetuses. From these data and the rate of transport of
      palmitate in maternal blood, it appears that placental transport of free fatty
      acids can account for the accumulation of lipids in late gestational fetuses.
      About 80% of the labeled palmitate in the fetus appeared initially in lipids of
      the liver. 14C appeared in plasma triglyceride fatty acids after a few minutes
      and subsequently accumulated in lipids of white and brown adipose tissue,
      suggesting that much of the palmitate deposited in adipose tissue were derived
      from hepatogenous triglyceride fatty acids. By contrast, 14C was usually maximal
      in heart and carcass lipids before it appeared in plasma triglyceride fatty
      acids. Lipoprotein lipase activity in fetal adipose tissue was low, and activity
      of cofactor protein of lipoprotein lipase in fetal blood plasma was much lower
      than that observed in other mammalian species. On the basis of these and earlier
      observations, it is concluded that the accumulation of triglycerides in liver and
      blood plasma of fetal guinea pigs during late gestation is at least partly the
      result of the large uptake of maternally derived free fatty acids by the fetal
      liver accompanied by rapid synthesis and secretion of triglyceride-rich very low
      density lipoproteins into the blood. However, limited uptake of triglyceride
      fatty acids in adipose tissue may contribute to the fatty liver and hyperlipemia.

PMID- 1194789
TI  - Effects of age and cell size on rat adipose tissue metabolism.
AB  - In order to analyze separately the effects of cell size and age on the metabolism
      of rat adipose tissue, fat cells of different sizes were obtained from the same
      animals. The rats were 4 or 15 wk old. The results show that age as well as cell
      size influences the metabolic rates. At a given cell size, the basal lipolysis,
      the lipolytic effects of glucagon and noradrenaline, the rate of glucose
      incorporation into the triglycerides, and the effect of insulin on glucose
      metabolism were considerably increased in the young animals. Furthermore,
      irrespective of fat cell size the lipolytic action of glucagon was reduced in old
      animals. The data thus show that experiments with large fat cells from old rats
      and with small cells from young animals cannot be directly compared because both
      variables may influence metabolic reactions.

PMID- 1194790
TI  - Can professionals talk with each other?

PMID- 1194791
TI  - Health field concept in Georgia.

PMID- 1194792
TI  - Current programs in professional education of the American Cancer Society.

PMID- 1194794
TI  - Alcoholism the disease. A medical fact.

PMID- 1194793
TI  - A look at lipoproteins.

PMID- 1194795
TI  - Cancer and specific red cell adherence test.

PMID- 1194796
TI  - The Georgia birth reporting system: current reports and potential applications.

PMID- 1194797
TI  - Abdominal pain with a left lower quadrant calculus.

PMID- 1194798
TI  - Changing concepts in surgery for cancer.

PMID- 1194799
TI  - Oral contraceptives: a risk factor for myocardial infarction?

PMID- 1194800
TI  - New developments concerning the "Captain of the ship".

PMID- 1194801
TI  - Editorial: Vasectomy program at Ramathibodi Hospital: training, research and
      public education.

PMID- 1194802
TI  - The glucagon stimulation test in normal Thai children : Effect on blood glucose,
      growth hormone and insulin.

PMID- 1194803
TI  - Serum IgE levels in Thai asthmatic children.

PMID- 1194804
TI  - Neutrophil lobe count in normals and thalassemia patients.

PMID- 1194805
TI  - A course in community health planning for medical students.

PMID- 1194806
TI  - Psychiatric disorders and hypothyroidism : report of a case.

PMID- 1194807
TI  - The lipids patterns in normal pregnant Thai women and the effect of lactation.

PMID- 1194808
TI  - Intussusception in adults.

PMID- 1194809
TI  - Region-specific immunoassays for parathyroid hormone.
AB  - Immunoassays specific for limited regions of bovine parathyroid hormone were
      developed in four ways. With the heterogeneous antisera produced by immunizing
      with intact bovine parathyroid hormone (BPTH 1-84), the specificity of
      radioimmunoassays could be enhanced by presaturating either with an amino
      terminal (BPTH 1-34) or carboxy-terminal (BPTH 53-84) fragment. Then, the
      antibodies which had not been neutralized reacted exclusively with the opposite
      end of the molecule, even using [125I]BPTH 1-84 as tracer. With some antisera,
      the appropriate fragment and intact hormone reacted identically. However, with
      other antisera, the fragment reacted less well than the intact hormone, possibly
      because these antisera contain antibodies reacting with the middle of the
      molcule. Using the labelled fragment ([125I]BPTH 1-34) as tracer, with
      heterogeneous antisera, radioimmunoassays specific for the amino-terminal region
      were obtained. With one antiserum, BPTH 1.34 reached identically with the intact
      hormone, but with another antiserum, the fragment was more reactive than the
      intact molecule. A region-specific radioimmunoassay was also developed using
      antibodies produced by immunization with a fragment of the hormone. An antiserum
      raised against BPTH 1-34 had high affinity for the amino-terminal fragement, but
      reacted less well with the intact hormone. Immunoradiometric assays, specific for
      the amino- or carboxy-terminal regions, developed by using immunoadsorbents
      consisting of a fragment (either BPTH 1-34 or BPTH 53-84) coupled to cellulose.
      These were used to fractionate 125I-labelled antibodies. With some of these
      selected antibodies, the appropriate fragment was of lower reactivity than the
      intact hormone. This may have been due to the presence of an incomplete antigenic
      site on the fragment, or to conformational differences between the fragment and
      the corresponding region of the intact hormone. With other selected antibodies
      the fragment and the intact molecule reacted identically. Careful selection of
      antisera and of technique is necessary to obtain an assay in which a fragment and
      the intact hormone behave identically.

PMID- 1194810
TI  - Stimulation effect of prostaglandin F2ALPHA on the plasma concentration of
      testosterone in bulls.
AB  - The concentrations of peripheral plasma testosterone were measured by
      radioimmunoassay in samples collected from five bulls, each given i.m. injections
      of 0, 5. 15, 30 and 60 mg prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha). Synchronized peaks
      in testosterone concentration occurred with maximum values 1.2h after treatment.
      These increases of testosterone persisted significantly longer than those
      observed to occur as natural episodic peaks during two 24 h periods in the same
      bulls. The mean peak testosterone concentration after PGF2alpha injection was
      related to the dose of PGF2alpha, values after 60 and 30 mg doses being
      significantly greater than after 15 mg. The response produced by a 5 mg dose was
      not significant. The results indicate that intramuscular injection of PGF2alpha,
      acutely stimulates synthesis and release of testosterone in fulls.

PMID- 1194811
TI  - Changes in the concentration of calcitonin in the plasma of chick embryos during
      incubation.
AB  - Calcitonin (CT) was assayed in the plasma of chick embryos at eight stages of
      development from  day 17 of incubation to day 1 after hatching by a rat bioassay.
      The concentration of CT rose steadily from 1060 mu./1 on day 17 to 4700 mu./1 at
      the stage when pulmonary respiration was initiated on day 20. Nine hours later,
      when the embryos 'pipped' the shells, the concentration of the hormone more than
      doubled to reach a peak of 11000 mu./1. At hatching the level had fallen to 1400
      mu./1 and 24 h later it was undetectable (less than 500 mu./1). The physiological
      significance of these changes is discussed in relation to the development of the
      embryo.

PMID- 1194812
TI  - Biosynthesis of gonadotrophins by rat pituitaries in vitro.
AB  - A method has been developed for studying biosynthesis of FSH in the rat pituitary
      in vitro. Anterior pituitary glands were incubated with [3H]leucine; a specific
      and sensitive immunoprecipitation technique was used to isolate FSH from the
      pituitary homogenate. Total FSH content of the samples was measured by a double
      antibody radioimmunoassay technique. Using this technique, a comparative study of
      LH and FSH synthesis in the same pituitary of adult male rats incubated for
      various intervals (0-5-6 h) was done. Increased incorporation of [3H]leucine into
      both LH and FSH with time was noted. The rate and amount of [3H]leucine
      incorporation into FSH was found to be higher than that into LH, indicating that
      either the rate of FSH synthesis is higher than that of LH or FSH has more
      leucine residues than LH. Greater susceptibility of LH to degradation by
      endogenous proteases during dialysis may also reflect less incorporation of
      [3H]leucine into LH. This method provides a reliable tool for evaluating FSH
      synthesis under various experimental conditions.

PMID- 1194813
TI  - Effect of intraventricular administration of noradrenaline on water diuresis in
      goats.
AB  - Duriing water diuresis in conscious goats, noradrenaline (NA), its antagonists
      phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine and propranolol and also atropine were
      administered into the 3rd ventricle. The subsequent effects on water diuresis and
      on the excretion rates of Na+, K+ and Cl- were investigated. Infusion of NA into
      the 3rd ventricle induced a strong and significant antidiuretic response and a
      decrease in the Na+ : K+ excretion ratio; these effects were dose-dependent. High
      doses of NA produced a significant increase in urinary K+ excretion. Similar
      results were observed after i.v. administration of arginine-vasopressin.
      Pretreatment with phentolamine injected into the 3rd ventricle produced a dose
      dependent inhibition of the NA-induced antidiuretic effects. Phenoxybenzamine
      also blocked the response to NA but a dose-response relationship was not
      apparent. Atropine and propranolol did not block the response to NA.

PMID- 1194814
TI  - Perfusion of intercellular spaces in the pars distalis and their variation with
      time of day.
AB  - Microperfusion of the tissue parenchyma of regions of the rat pituitary gland
      with 1:1 dilutions of India ink revealed a network of fine intercellular spaces
      or canaliculi throughout the pars distalis. They were demonstrable in animals of
      all ages from 1-5 months to over 1 year, in both sexes, and at various times
      during the 24 h light-darkness cycle. However, 24 h rhythms were suggested in the
      radial perfusion distance (P LESS 0.05) and tissue density (P LESS 0.01) of the
      perfused canaliculi in adult male rats. The amplitude of the 24 h rhythmicity in
      these pituitary canaliculi was lower than that shown recently in pineal
      canaliculi of the same species. Structural regularity and evidence of rhythmic
      and physiologically correlated changes in the pituitary canaliculi suggest that
      they relate to natural features rather than being only artifactual, and that
      analysis of their possible functional significance is appropriate.

PMID- 1194815
TI  - The synergistic action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and testosterone
      of the sebaceous, prostate, preputial, Harderian and lachrymal glands, seminal
      vesicles and brown adipose tissue in the hypophysectomized-castrated rat.
AB  - Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone was shown to act synergistically with
      testosterone to stimulate the sebaceous, prostate and the seminal vesicles in
      hypophys-ectomized-castrated rats. The sebaceous glands differed from the other
      three organs in that alpha-MSH not only acted synergistically, but also had a
      significant effect which was independent of the presence of exogenous
      testosterone. The response of the brown adipose tissue to testerone, considerably
      reduced by hypophysectomy, was not restored by alpha-MSH. The Harderian and
      lachrymal glands were also pituitary-dependent and their weights in
      hypophysectomized-castrated rats were not restored by alpha-MSH.

PMID- 1194816
TI  - Differences in serum corticosterone patterns in individual rats: relationship to
      ovulatory cycles.
AB  - Blood samples were collected on several occasions from Sprague-Dawley-derived
      rats by means of cardiac puncture at 8 h intervals over a 24 h period. Rats were
      sampled four times before ovariectomy, after ovariectomy and after replacement
      therapy with oestradiol benzoate. It was discovered that each rat tended to
      maintain a distinct pattern of serum corticosterone. While some rats developed
      hormonal rhythms, other rats showed no evidence of such rhythms as indicated by
      patterns of serum corticosterone concentation. The majority of rats that did not
      show daily corticosterone rhythms were found to have irregular ovulatory cycles
      as indicated by vaginal smears. Each characteristic hormonal pattern remained
      after ovariectomy and subsequent oestrogen replacement although resting levels of
      corticosterone were lower after ovariectomy and higher after oestrogen treatment
      than before the operation. It is concluded that the presence of an adrenal rhythm
      is usually associated with regular vaginal smear cycles.

PMID- 1194817
TI  - Content of RNA in supraoptic and paraventricular neurones of rats with hereditary
      diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain).

PMID- 1194818
TI  - Influence of antioestrogens on specific binding of [3H]oestradiol in vitro by
      nuclei from rat mammary tumours.

PMID- 1194819
TI  - Stimulation of the supraopticohypophysial tract in the rat during suckling:
      failure to alter the inherent periodicity of reflex oxytocin release.

PMID- 1194820
TI  - Pituitary hormone response to brain stimulation in man.
AB  - Plasma cortisol, GH and LH responses to electrical stimulation of the orbital
      part of the frontal lobe and the cingulate area of the brain were studied in
      patients undergoing limbic leucotomy. In six out of 15 patients the plasma
      cortisol levels increased by 5-7--18-0 mug/100 ml after orbito-frontal
      stimulation whereas plasma GH values did not rise during this period. Plasma LH
      levels remained unchanged. No definite hormone responses could be attributed to
      stimulation of the cingulate area. It appears that the orbito-frontal area of the
      brain is concerned with augmenting the release of ACTH but not that of GH or LH.

PMID- 1194821
TI  - Effect of administration of sulpiride on serum follicle-stimulating hormone and
      luteinizing hormone levels in a group of postmenopausal women.

PMID- 1194822
TI  - Response of mammary tissue from pregnant goats to prolactin and growth hormone in
      organ culture.

PMID- 1194823
TI  - Serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone concentrations in castrated immature
      rats treated with testosterone.

PMID- 1194824
TI  - Growth hormone levels in the plasma of male goats throughout the year.

PMID- 1194825
TI  - Properties of antisera against synthetic 1--34 human parathyroid hormone.

PMID- 1194826
TI  - Effects of ovarian steroids and prolactin on the sequential development of
      nesting behaviour in female budgerigars.
AB  - As intact, breeding female budgerigars approach egg-laying, they spend an
      increasing amount of time in the nestbox and nest hollow. The brood patch area
      begins to defeather and becomes vascular and the oviduct increases in weight.
      Precursory albumen forms in the tubular glands of the oviduct. Oestradiol (OB)
      treatment in combination with prolactin (OB+PL) induced ovariectomized
      budgerigars to display nesting behaviour which did not differ from that shown by
      intact females in the 3 days immediately preceding egg-laying. In contrast, OB
      induced only the initial phase of the nesting sequence and the effects of OB in
      combination with progesterone (OB+PR) were intermediate between treatments with
      OB alone and OB+PL. Incubation of artificial eggs occurred only in the OB+PL
      group and the latency to display of the incubation posture was shorter in the
      OB+PL group than in the OB+PR group. No incubation posture was displayed by the
      OB-treated group. Oviduct development was not influenced by prolactin, but
      progesterone induced precocious development of tubular glands in the magnum
      region of the oviduct. Treatment with OB+PR induced uniform development of
      precursor albumen in the tubular glands. Development of the brood patch occurred
      with both OB+PL and OB+PR treatment. However, OB+PR resulted in defeathering
      which was advanced in relation to vascularity when compared with intact breeding
      females, whereas defeathering and vascularity of the OB+PL group did not differ
      from that of intact females at egg-laying. These results indicate that prolactin
      in combination with oestradiol was more effective than progesterone not only in
      inducing the later phases of nesting behaviour but also in initiating incubation
      behaviour and defeathering of the brood patch area.

PMID- 1194827
TI  - Identification of human luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone,
      luteinizing hormone beta-subunit and gonadotrophin alpha-subunit in foetal and
      adult pituitary glands.
AB  - Specific radioimmunoassays were used to assess the content of LH, FSH, the
      gonadotrophin alpha-subunit and the LH beta-subunit in four adult, 19 normal
      foetal pituitary glands (9-5--32 weeks of gestation) and a pituitary extract from
      an anencephalic foetus (36 weeks). The hormones and subunits were further
      identified by column chromatography on Sephadex G-100. All pituitary glands
      contained free alpha-subunit and intact LH but the alpha-subunit:LH ratio was
      significantly higher in the early foetal pituitaries (9-5--16 weeks) than in the
      four adult pituitaries. Only small or undetectable amounts of LH beta-subunit and
      'undetectable' FSH were found in these early foetal pituitaries (9-5--11-5
      weeks). The concentration of intact hormones or subunits in the pituitaries
      showed no significant sex difference in any of the groups. In contrast to these
      results, only alpha-subunit was detectable in the pituitary of the anencephalic
      foetus. For 14 early foetuses (age of gestation 10--16 weeks) the serum levels of
      LH-HCG, FSH, and alpha-subunit in the circulation were significantly higher than
      in 26 foetuses at term (37--41 weeks). On the basis of these results a theory for
      the development of the gonadotrophin secretion from the foetal pituitary gland is
      outlined.

PMID- 1194828
TI  - Changes in plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone after injection of
      progesterone at various times during the ovulatory cycle of the domestic hen
      (Gallus domesticus).
AB  - Changes in plasma LH concentrations after i.m. injections of 0-5 mg
      progesterone/kg at various stages of the ovulatory cycle were measured by
      radioimmunoassay. Four types of response were observed. (1) When the steroid was
      injected between 4 h after and 12 h before an ovulation, LH levels started to
      rise after 15--45 min and reached peak values within 90--120 min. The mean
      maximal incremental change in the level of LH was 1-58 +/- 0-10(S.E.M.) ng/ml (n
      = 37). (2) In contrast, when progesterone was injected 12--8 h before ovulation,
      i.e. immediately before a spontaneous pre-ovulatory LH surge, the resulting mean
      maximal incremental change in LH level, 0-79 +/- 0-12 ng/ml (n = 9), was
      significantly smaller (P less than 0-001). (3) If progesterone was injected 8--4
      h before ovulation, i.e. when pre-ovulatory LH levels were rising, they
      immediately started to rise more rapidly and reached peak values within 45 min.
      The maximal incremental change in the level of LH under these circumstances, 2-34
      +/- 0-20 ng/ml (n = 12), was significantly greater (P less than 0-001) in both
      cases) than the changes observed in the responses 1 and 2 described above. (4)
      Levels of LH generally showed no incremental change in response to injections of
      progesterone given 4--0 h before ovulation, i.e. when pre-ovulatory LH levels
      were falling. It was concluded that the type of change in plasma LH levels
      induced by progesterone depended upon the stage of the ovulatory cycle at which
      the steroid was injected.

PMID- 1194829
TI  - Effects of testosterone mediated or modulated by pituitary factors.
AB  - Adult rats of both sexes were either gonadectomized or hypophysectomized and
      gonadectomized. Three to eight weeks later they were treated for 14 consecutive
      days with oil or with 75 or 200 mug testosterone propionate (TP) per 100 g body
      weight. The animals were killed and for each sex the gonadectomized animals were
      compared with the hypophysectomized-gonadectomized animals as far as their NADPH-
      and NADH-dependent 3alpha-hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenases (3alpha-HSD) in renal
      microsomes, transcortin levels in serum and five organ weights relative to total
      body weight were concerned. For two of the latter, i.e. the relative kidney and
      prostatic weights, no significant differences were found. Transcortin levels,
      relative adrenal weights and renal NADPH-dependent 3alpha-HSD activities were
      higher in oil-treated gonadectomized animals than in oil-treated
      hypophysectomized-gonadectomized animals. The opposite was found for the relative
      weights of uterus and seminal vesicles and renal NADH-dependent 3alpha-HSD
      activities. These differences between gonadectomized and hypophysectomized
      gonadectomized animals disappeared after TP treatment as far as transcortin
      levels were concerned but remained for the five other parameters. After
      gonadectomy sexual differences subsisted for all parameters studied. But whereas
      intact male rats had higher NADH-dependent 3alpha-HSD activities than female rats
      the opposite was found after gonadectomy. After gonadectomy plus hypophysectomy
      the between sex differences disappeared as far as transcortin levels were
      concerned but remained in the other parameters studied.

PMID- 1194830
TI  - Increased concentrations of 17alpha, 20alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in
      maternal and foetal plasma near parturition in sheep.
AB  - Using specific radioimmunoassays, 17alpha,20alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one and
      progesterone were measured in maternal utero-ovarian venous plasma from four
      sheep during parturition induced with dexamethasone and two sheep at spontaneous
      delivery. 17alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one was also measured in maternal
      jugular venous and foetal posterior vena caval plasma from one dexamethasone
      induced animal over the same period. Basal utero-ovarian venous levels of
      17alpha,20alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one were in the range 3-7 ng/ml; at the
      time of the pre-labour fall in maternal progesterone, the concentration of
      17alpha-20alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one increased, reaching 17-76 ng/ml at
      delivery. Maternal levels fell rapidly after delivery. In contrast to foetal
      progesterone concentrations, which are low, foetal 17alpha,20alpha-dihydroxypregn
      4-en-3-one levels were approximately the same as those in the maternal utero
      ovarian vein. Maternal jugular venous levels in one animal were 50-80% of those
      in the utero-ovarian vein. These findings confirm earlier results obtained in
      vitro which indicated that exposure to glucocorticoid results in increased
      activity of a steroid 17alpha-hydroxylase in the ovine foetal placenta.

PMID- 1194831
TI  - Differential reinforcement and signal detection.
AB  - Reinforcement was introduced for responses normally treated as errors in signal
      detection procedures. The first experiment used a standard two-response discrete
      trial procedure with no reinforcement for errors. Results showed that rats
      altered their response biases but maintained constant sensitivity to visual
      signals when reinforcement probabilities varied, and that their sensitivity
      depended on the physical difference between signals, in accordance with the
      predictions of signal-detection theory. Experiment II, with rats, and Experiment
      III, with pigeons, demonstrated that sensitivity decreased in this procedure when
      reinforcement was scheduled for errors with the signals held constant, despite
      independence of overall number of reinforcers and sensitivity. Experiment IV,
      with rats, replicated the decrease in sensitivity in a continuous procedure
      employing only one response. The decrements in sensitivity were similar across
      Experiments II, III, and IV, and accorded well with earlier research. Thus,
      contrary to a fundamental assumption of signal-detection theory, estimates of
      sensitivity are not always invariant with respect to the outcomes of responding,
      but depend on relative reinforcement of correct responses.

PMID- 1194832
TI  - The RNA polymerase activity of the preimplantation mouse embryo.
AB  - The activation of the mouse embryo genome has been studied during early cleavage,
      in vivo. Individual embryos, prepared as whole mounts, were assayed for
      endogenous RNA polymerase activity. RNA synthesis was detected by autoradiography
      as the incorporation of [3H]UMP into an acid-insoluble product. No RNA polymerase
      activity could be detected in the pronuclei of one-cell embryos. Radioactive
      incorporation was first evident in the nuclei of two-cell embryos. This appeared
      to be confined to the nucleoplasm and could be abolished by alpha-amanitin but
      not by low concentrations of actinomycin D. Polymerase activity which was not
      affected by alpha-amanitin was first detected in the four-cell embryo,
      predominantly at the peripheries of the nucleoli. Nucleolar labelling increased
      markedly between subsequent cleavages, reaching a peak in early morulae. In one-
      and two-cell embryos, label incorporation could be found in the nucleus of the
      persisting polar body.

PMID- 1194833
TI  - Neuroectodermal origin of avian hypothalamo-hypophyseal complex: the role of the
      ventral neural ridge.
AB  - Embryonic discs from White Leghorn chick embryos (presomite to 12-omite stages)
      were examined in serial transverse and longitudinal sections. Later stages, up to
      21 days, were also examined. The following observations were made: (1) Lateral
      folding rather than head folding is the mechanism by which the avian embryo is
      delimited. The process takes place at two terminal points, one cephalic the other
      caudal. (2) Thickening of the ventral ectoderm around the tip of the presumptive
      anterior neuropore, beginning at the 4-somite stage, subsequently extends the
      dorsal neural ridge to form a ventral neural ridge. (3) The cephalic portion of
      the ventral neural ridge, extending from anterior neuropore to optic chiasma, is
      mainly incorporated into the alar plates of the diencephalon. (4) The caudal
      portion, extending from optic chiasma to the stomodeum, gives rise to Rathke's
      pouch and thus to the adenohypophysis. We conclude that the latter is to be
      regarded as of neuroectodermal rather than ectodermal (stomodeal) origin, and
      that some or all of the neuroendocrine nuclei of the hypothalamus are similarly
      derived from the neuroectoderm of the neural ridge. The hypothalamo-hypophyseal
      complex is thus to be regarded as a single rather than a composite entity.

PMID- 1194834
TI  - Electron microscopic studies on chick limb cartilage differentiated in tissue
      culture.
AB  - The hind limb-bud mesenchyme of chick embryos 4-4 1/2 days old was cultured in
      Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium supplemented with both horse serum and fresh
      chick embryo extract. Whereas no differences are seen at the light-microscope
      level, at the electron-microscope level the chondroblasts differentiated in
      tissue culture are noticeably different from those differentiated in vivo,
      particularly in the possession of some cytoplasmic fibrils and vacuoles. It is
      proposed that the secretion of the extracellular matrix alone is not sufficient
      to account for the pattern of cellular arrangement in a cartilaginous
      condensation.

PMID- 1194835
TI  - Iron incorporation and haemoglobin synthesis in erythropoietic cells during the
      ontogenesis of the mouse.
AB  - Iron incorporation (59Fe) into erythropoietic cells from adult and foetal (11- to
      15-day) peripheral blood and from foetal (12- to 15-day) livers has been
      investigated. Ion-exchange chromatography of haemolysates from such cells
      revealed two groups of 59Fe-containing proteins. The first group (X-fraction) was
      eluted from CMC-columns in the void volume and was highest in lysates of immature
      erythropoietic cells. This fraction contained a radiolabelled haemprotein of high
      molecular weight as well as other 59Fe-containing proteins. The haemprotein does
      not appear to be related to haemoglobin. The second group consisted of
      haemoglobins. One major (A1) and two minor (A2 and A3) haemoglobins were found in
      adult peripheral blood. In foetal liver lysates two major (F1 and A1) and two
      minor (F2 and A3) haemoglobins were present. The relative proportion of the major
      haemoglobins changed during development. Haemoglobin F1 was highest in the more
      mature livers. F1 proved to be different from A1 by chromatographic behaviour, in
      polypeptide chain composition and in fingerprints. A unique foetal polypeptide
      chain, intermediate in electrophoretic behaviour between the adult alpha- and
      beta-chain, was identified. In young foetal peripheral blood (11-day), in which
      95% of the cells are of yolk-sac origin, one major (E1), two intermediate (E2 and
      E3) and one minor (F1) haemoglobin were demonstrable. Haemolysates of the
      peripheral blood of older embryos contain haemoglobins from erythroid cells of
      both yolk-sac and foetal liver origin. The haemoglobin pattern of such lysates is
      explicable in terms of the decreasing amount of embryonic haemoglobins (E1, E2
      and E3) and the increasing amount of foetal haemoglobins (F1 and A1). Since A1
      and E1 are the most prominent haemoglobins of livers from young embryos and yolk
      sac erythrocytes respectively, and since they are very similar in chromatographic
      behaviour, foetal peripheral blood at all stages contain one dominant haemoglobin
      peak in the A1-E1 region. Most authors have neglected the relatively slight
      elevation of the foetal haemoglobin peak (F1) in front of A1-E1, the more because
      the F1-A1 region has been suspected sometimes to contain artificial haemoglobin
      components (Riggs, 1965). This probably explains why no foetal haemoglobin (F1)
      has been reported previously in the peripheral blood of foetal mice.

PMID- 1194836
TI  - Activities of haem synthetic enzymes in blood cells of pre-natal flexed-tailed
      (f/f) anaemic mice.
AB  - Levels of activity of beta-aminolaevulinate synthetase, delta-aminolaevulinate
      dehydratase, porphyrinogen synthetase and haem synthetase in circulating
      reticulocytes of pre-natal FL4/Re +/+ and congenitally anaemic FL1/Re f/f mice
      have been determined. The activities of delta-aminolaevulinate synthetase and
      delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase were found to be decreased in proportion to
      the hypochromia observed in mature liver-derived erythrocytes in neonatal f/f
      mice, but activities of enzymes later in the haem synthetic pathway were
      relatively undisturbed. No significant differences were found in levels of haem
      synthetic enzymes in foetal livers of +/+ and f/f mice. These results indicate
      that the severe anaemia of late prenatal and neonatal f/f mice is due both to
      reduction in haem synthesis expressed at the reticulocyte stage of erythroid
      differentiation and to restricted production of erythroid progenitor cells.
      Retarded foetal growth and skeletal abnormalities, both characteristic of the pre
      natal expression of the f/f gene complement, can also be related to reduced
      levels of haem synthesis, but the abnormal distribution of pigment cells seen in
      f/f animals appears to be a secondary effect of reduced tissue oxygenation
      resulting from pre-natal anaemia.

PMID- 1194837
TI  - Development of parthenogenetic and fertilized mouse embryos in the uterus and in
      extra-uterine sites.
AB  - Mouse eggs were activated with hyaluronidase in vitro and subsequently
      transferred to the oviduct. In the female reproductive tract they formed morulae
      and blastocysts which died soon after implantation. Haploid blastocysts were
      transferred beneath the kidney capsule and here some formed disorganized egg
      cylinder structures in a week. Morulae and blastocysts from haploid and diploid
      parthenogenones were also transferred beneath the testis capsule. Two to four
      months later the growths which had formed were sectioned. They contained neural
      tissue, pigment, keratinized epithelium, glandular epithelium, ciliated
      epithelium, cartilage, bone, muscle, adipose tissue, and haemopoietic tissue. The
      range of cell types was similar to that produced by fertilized control
      blastocysts except that the parthenogenones did not form identifiable yolk-sac
      carcinoma or embryonal carcinoma cells. The growths from haploid and diploid
      parthenogenones in the testis were stained with Feulgen and their DNA content
      measured. Growths from diploid embryos contained the normal diploid amount of DNA
      while growths from haploid embryos contained less than this amount. Cell cultures
      were prepared from the growths. The cells which were investigated contained no Y
      chromosome, suggesting that they were derived from the embryonic cells rather
      than the cells of the male host. These cells contained a near diploid chromosome
      number, although some of them were originally derived from haploid embryos.

PMID- 1194838
TI  - [The first stages of genesis of the pelvic fin analage in the trout (Salmo fario
      and Salmo gairdneri). III. Regulation capacities (author's transl)].
AB  - In S. fario and S. gairdneri, microsurgical excisions of parts of pelvic fin-buds
      showed the important regulation capacities of the fin anlage. At the stages
      studied, a complete unilateral excision is generally not followed by a regulatory
      response. On the contrary, a unilateral partial excision performed at the same
      developmental stages is followed by a regulatory response. Bilateral excision of
      the fin-buds, performed at earlier developmental stages than unilateral ones (and
      at a slightly different level for mesoderm) are followed by regulation. The
      results are discussed in this article. It appears that the mesoderm is a
      determining factor in the development of the fin-buds; the epidermis does not
      appear influential - at least in the first stages of regulation. We noticed a
      higer percentage of regulation in S. gairdneri than in S. fario; the results
      obtained are analysed with regard to histoenzymological data.

PMID- 1194839
TI  - The development of embryos in the uteri of mice treated with actinomycin D before
      implantation.
AB  - This investigation follows the development of embryos in the uteri of mice in
      which the differentiation of the implantation chamber has been retarded by the
      administration of actinomycin D before implantation. For the first 48 h after the
      induction of implantation both embryonic and extra-embryonic parts of the
      blastocyst develop, but after 72 h the embryonic parts cease to grow and die. The
      giant cells and other extra-embryonic tissues, on the other hand, continue to
      develop for a much longer period, up to 288 h. It is suggested that the
      actinomycin D, by delaying the formation of the implantation chamber in the
      endometrium, interferes with the formation of a proper functional connection
      between the trophoblast and endometrium with the result that the embryo receives
      insufficient nutrition for its development.

PMID- 1194840
TI  - Progesterone-induced in vitro maturation in oocytes of Notophthalmus viridescens
      (Amphibia Urodela) and some observations on cytological aspects of maturation.
AB  - Maturation in vitro of oocytes of the newt, Notophthalmus viridescens, is
      inducible with progesterone after in vivo treatment of females with gonadotropin;
      few oocytes mature in vitro in the absence of such gonadotropin treatment.
      Chromosomes of most large oocytes of animals not receiving gonadotropin are still
      in the lampbrush condition; chromosomes from gonadotropin-treated animals are
      shorter and the lateral loops are less profuse and somewhat retracted. The
      chromosome condition, then, can be correlated with susceptibility to progesterone
      induction of maturation in vitro. As maturation progresses, the germinal vesicle
      moves toward the surface and decreases in size, with an apparent loss of nuclear
      material from the centripetal end. Although lateral loops of most chromosomes
      disappear during the changes in the germinal vesicle, profuse loops develop
      during this period at the sphere loci, which were previously devoid of loops.

PMID- 1194841
TI  - Cell cycle parameters in dedifferentiating iris epithelial cells.
AB  - After lentectomy of the adult newt eye, non-dividing iris epithelial cells re
      enter the cell cycle. Some of the iris epithelial cells become completely
      depigmented while they are in the cell cycle, and then differentiate into lens
      cells. The remaining iris epithelial cells become partially depigmented in the
      induced cell cycle, but resynthesize melanosomes and recover the normal state of
      iris epithelial cells. The two groups of cells are spatially separated within the
      iris epithelium. The cell cycle parameters of both groups of iris epithelial
      cells were estimated by a mathematical procedure on a computerized programme from
      the percentage of labelled mitotic cells as a function of time after peritoneal
      injection of [3H]methyl-thymidine on day 6 after lentectomy. The total cell cycle
      time was found significantly shorter in the cell population with complete
      depigmentation as compared with that with partial depigmentation. Based on these
      results the possible role of differential cell cycle time in the control of
      dedifferentiation was discussed. Grafting of unlabelled iris into the optic
      cavity of host animals injected 6 h beforehand with [3H]methyl-thymidine,
      followed by a study of radioactivity of iris epithelial cells of the graft
      demonstrated incorporation at a low level during the whole period of experiment
      in which the cell cycle parameters were estimated. The data used for the
      estimation were corrected for the delayed incorporation.

PMID- 1194842
TI  - [Morphogenesis of the chick embryo foot].
AB  - Observations were made on chick embryo feet between 6 and 12 1/2 days of
      incubation in order to (a) give a precise description of programmed cell death in
      the interdigital membranes; (b) correlate the evolution of interdigital necrosis
      with the differentiation of the cartilaginous phalangeal skeleton; (c) measure
      the relative growth rates of digits and interdigits. The programme of
      interdigital cell death proceeds in three phages which comprise the appearance,
      the extension and the disappearance of necrotic areas. Fourteen distinct stages
      are described. The evolution of programmed cell death can be strictly correlated
      to the chondrogenesis of successive phalanges, in the sense that each stage of
      necrosis (except two of them) differs from the preceding one by the
      differentiation of an additional phalanx. Shaping of the foot results from
      differential growth rates and proceeds in three phases, the second of which is
      characterized, between days 8 and 10 of incubation, by the actual shortening
      (decrease of absolute length) of the interdigital membranes. These observations
      are compared to those that were previously made on other avian and mammalian
      species and the morphogenetic role of programmed cell death is discussed in the
      light of that comparison.

PMID- 1194843
TI  - VOT discrimination by four to six and a half month old infants from Spanish
      environments.

PMID- 1194844
TI  - The corneal reflection technique and the visual preference method: sources of
      error.

PMID- 1194845
TI  - Binocular fixation in the newborn baby.

PMID- 1194846
TI  - Information producing responses in normal and retarded children.

PMID- 1194847
TI  - Children's responses to meaningful pictures varying in diversity: exploration
      time vs. preference.

PMID- 1194848
TI  - Interactions of C-reactive protein with the complement system. III. Complement
      dependent passive hemolysis initiated by CRP.
AB  - Interactions of CRP with various substrates in the presence of human serum have
      been shown to result in efficient activation of C components C1-C5. We now report
      the ability of CRP to initiate C-dependent hemolysis. For this purpose CRP was
      isolated by affinity chromatography using pneumococcal CPS and gel filtration;
      its purity was established by several criteria. Erythrocytes were coated with CPS
      (E-CPS) and passively sensitized with CRP. C-dependent lysis of these cells was
      observed upon the addition of suitably absorbed human serum, and the efficiency
      of hemolysis compared favorably with that initiated by rabbit IgG anti-CPS
      antibody. CRP also sensitized E-CPS for lysis by guinea pig C; partial lysis was
      seen when C4-deficient guinea pig serum was used, suggesting that CRP also shares
      with antibody the ability of CRP to fully activate the C system and provide
      further evidence for a role for CRP similar to that of antibody in the initiation
      and modulation of inflammatory reactions via the complete system.

PMID- 1194849
TI  - Frequency and avidity of specific antigen-binding cells in developing mice.
AB  - In order to analyze the development of antibody diversity in which the genes
      coding for the antigen-specific cells we have compared the binding of diverse
      antigens by cells in the fetal, neonatal, and adult mouse. Although the numbers
      of antigen-binding cells present in fetuses and young animals were smaller than
      in adults, no restriction could be detected in the varity of specificities
      expressed in the fetuses, either with respect to the kinds of antigens bound, or
      to the range of avidities of binding. Cells specific for each of the 11 antigens
      tested could be detected in the fetus only in the last 4 days before birth, at
      which time they appeared both in the liver and in the spleen. In all cases, these
      cells disappeared both in the liver and in the spleen. In all cases, these cells
      disappeared from the liver within a day of birth, but continued to increase in
      number in the spleen until adulthood...

PMID- 1194850
TI  - Humoral immunostimulation. V. Selection of variant cell lines.
AB  - A permanent L-cell variant cell line (LC1) was isolated by the growth of the
      parent L-cell line (L) in the presence of a cytostimulatory dose (1:200) of
      rabbit anti-L-cell antiserum (AL) for 9 mo. LC1 differed from L in many aspects:
      (a) it was larger (1,533 mm3 vs. 1,284 mm3), (b) it grew faster (1.5- to 2-fold),
      (c) it grew in aggregated fashion, (d) its growth was no longer stimulated by AL,
      (e) it was almost completely resistant to high concentrations of AL in the
      presence of complement (C), (f) its original membrane antigens (immunogenic for
      AL) were redistributed in sparse and patchy clumps as noted by fluorescence
      microscopy, (g) it contained about 65% of the total original 125I-AL membrane
      binding sites (1.4 X 10(7)/cell vs. 2.2 X 10(7)/cell), (h) its AL-binding sites
      displayed a lower average affinity constant (K = 0.9 X 10(5) M-1 vs. 2.8 X 10(5)
      M-1), (i) it contained a smaller proportion of high affinity (K greater than
      10(6) M-1) binding sites (13% vs 21%), and (j) LC1 was fully immunogenic in that
      it was readily killed by homologous antiserum (ALC1) and C, whereas L was not
      similarly affected by ALC1 indicating that LC1 contained new membrane antigens
      not present on L. Another variant (LC2) was produced by growth of LC1 in a 10
      fold higher dose (1:20) of AL (cytotoxic for L) for 1 mo. LC2 was even more
      resistant to AL in the presence of C, contained 0.84 X 10(7) AL-binding
      sites/cell with an average affinity constant of 1 X 10(5) M-1 (unchanged from
      LC1), and was less susceptible than LC1 to lysis in the presence of ALC1 and C.
      These findings confirm and extend our previous in vitro and in vivo observations
      dealing with the direct stimulation effects of antibody on tumor cell metabolism
      and suggest that immunostimulation may be a mechanism of tumor escape from immune
      control in vivo possibly by immunoselection and antigenic modulation as proposed
      by other investigators.

PMID- 1194851
TI  - Proliferative characteristics of monoblasts grown in vitro.
AB  - In a previous study also done with a liquid culture technique, the monoblast was
      identified and characterized as the most immature cell of the mononuclear
      phagocyte cell line recognized so far. The present study concerned the
      proliferative behavior of the monoblast and promonocyte in colonies. The cell
      cycle times of both cell types were determined on the basis of four independent
      methods. The resulting values all show excellent agreement: for the monoblast
      11.0-11.9 h, and for the promonocyte 11.4-12.8 h. The DNA-synthesis time found
      for the two cell types amounted to 5.7 h for the monoblast and 5.5 h for the
      promonocyte. The duration of the other phages of the cell cycle of the
      proliferating mononuclear phagocytes proved to be: G2 phase, 0.6 h; mitosis
      phage, 1.8 h; and G1 phase, 3.5-3.8 h. The individual colonies showed a biphasic
      pattern of colony growth, an initial phase of rapid proliferation being followed
      by a stage wtih a markedly decreased growth rate. In the initial stage only
      monoblasts are present in the colony; when the growth rate slows down
      promonocytes and macrophages appear. These observations support the earlier
      conclusion that the monoblast is without doubt the precursor of the promonycyte.
      Colony size was found to vary widely. The main factor underlying this variation
      proved to be the lag time between the start of the culture and the time point at
      which the colony-forming cells begin to divide. Mathematical analysis showed that
      the variation in colony size probably does not arise from heterogeneity of the
      population of colony-forming cells. A mathematical approach was used to determine
      the proportion of self-replicating and differentiating cells among the dividing
      monoblasts and promonocytes in the colony. The results indicate that initially in
      vitro the majority of the cells of both types are self-replicating cells, but
      later an increasing proportion of the dividing cells give rise to another, more
      mature type of cell. On the basis of the conclusion that the monoblast initiates
      the mononuclear phagocyte colony, the number of monoblasts (2.5 X 10(5)) present
      in vivo was estimated to be half the number of the promonocytes. In view of this
      ratio the mostly likely pattern for the proliferation of mononuclear phagocytes
      in the bone marrow is that a monoblast divides once, giving rise to two
      promonocytes which in their turn divide once and form two nonproliferating
      monocytes.

PMID- 1194852
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of phagocytosis. I. Requirements for circumferential
      attachment of particle-bound ligands to specific receptors on the macrophage
      plasma membrane.
AB  - These experiments were designed to evaluate the role of macrophage plasma
      membrane receptors for the third component of complement (C) and for the Fc
      portion of IgG in the ingestion phase of phagocytosis. Sheep erythrocyte (E) were
      coated with anti-E IgG [E(IgG)]; these E(IgG) were then attached to cultivated
      monolayers of mouse peritoneal macrophages under conditions which reversibly
      inhibit ingestion of E(IgG). The E(IgG)-macrophage complexes were further
      incubated under similar conditions with an antimacrophage IgG fraction which
      blocks Fc receptor-mediated ingestion but has no effect upon ingestion mediated
      by other phagocytic receptors. When these cultures were subsequently incubated
      under conditions optimal for particle ingestion, phagocytosis of the IgG-coated
      erythrocytes did not occur; the erythrocytes remained bound to the Fc receptors
      of the macrophage plasma membrane. To determine whether ligands must cover the
      entire surface of an attached particle to permit ingestion of that particle, C
      coated E [E(IgM)C] were bound to the C receptors of thioglycollate-induced
      (activated) macrophages at 4 degrees C. E(IgM)C-macrophage complexes were then
      trypsinized at 4 degrees C, a procedure which resulted in cleavage of erythrocyte
      bound C3b molecules to a form of C3 not recognized by the macrophage receptors
      for C3b. Under the conditions used, trypsin did not affect the attachment of
      E(IgM)C to the macrophage surface or the macrophage receptors for C3b. When these
      trypsin treated E(IgM)C-macrophage complexes were incubated at 37 degrees C, the
      bound E(IgM)C were not ingested; the erythrocytes remained attached to the
      macrophage plasma membrane via the macrophage's C receptors. These results
      indicate that attachment of a particle to specific receptors on the macrophage
      plasma membrane is not sufficient to trigger ingestion of that particle. Rather,
      ingestion requires the sequential, circumferential interaction of particle-bound
      ligands with specific plasma membrane receptors not involved in the initial
      attachment process.

PMID- 1194853
TI  - C1 fixation and classical complement pathway activation by a fragment of the Cmu4
      domain of IgM.
AB  - A 56 residue fragment derived from a Waldenstrome IgM protein and consisting of
      24 residues of the amino-terminal portion of the Cmu4 domain disulfide bonded to
      32 residues of the carboxy-terminal region of the loop has been shown to fix
      active C1 (C1) in a C1-fixation assay. Cleavage of the disulfide bond within the
      CH4 fragment resulted in a marked decrease of C1-fixing ability, although the
      isolated A and B fragments did retain a limited ability to fix C1. Upon
      incubation with normal human serum the intact CH4 fragment and equal molar
      amounts of the isolated A and B peptides consumed C4 suggesting that the C1
      activating determinant of IgM remains intact in these three fragments.
      Furthermore, on a molar basis the intact or the reduced CH4 fragment consumed C4
      as effectively as each of its component chains suggesting that transient binding
      of C1 by the individual A and B peptide chains is sufficient to activate C1. On
      the basis of these observations it is proposed that a classical complement
      fixation function, i.e. C1 binding and activation, can be localized within a
      region of the IgM molecule corresponding to the Cmu4 domain.

PMID- 1194854
TI  - Antigenic properties of cultured tumor cell lines derived from spleens of Friend
      virus-infected BALB/c and BALB/c-H-2b mice.
AB  - BALB/c-H-2b (BALB.B) mice are less susceptible to the Friend virus (FV) disease
      syndrome than congenic BALB/c (H-2d) mice, and spleen cells from FV-infected
      BALB.B mice are markedly less tumorigenic on transplantation to syngeneic hosts
      than those from FV-infected BALB/c mice. For these reasons we investigated the
      expression of FV-associated cell surface antigens on cultured, FV-trnasformed
      cell lines of BALB.B and BALB/c origin. Both cell lines induced transplantation
      immunity in syngeneic hosts toward further implantations of the same tumor,
      BALB.B cells being significantly more potent in this respect than BALB/c cells.
      BALB.B tumor cells, which produce complete, infectious FV, expressed both the
      cell surface antigen, FMR (corresponding to the cytotoxic antibodies in anti-FV
      antisera), and virus envelope antigen (VEA, corresponding to the virus
      neutralizing antibodies in the anti-FV antisera). BALB/c tumor cells, on the
      other hand, which are FV-nonproducers, expressed no FMR antigen, but did express
      VEA on their surfaces for at least 100 passages in culture. These cells could
      induce FV-neutralizing but not cytotoxic anti-FMR antibodies when used to
      immunize syngeneic hosts. The absence of FMR antigen may be the basis for the
      reduced capacity of BALB/c tumor cells, by comparison with BALB.B tumor cells, to
      induce transplantation immunity. After about the 125th serial transfer in
      culture, BALB/c tumor cells spontaneously ceased to express VEA and
      simultaneously became very weak inducers of transplantation immunity in BALB/c
      hosts. This loss of VEA did not stem from the loss of either the spleen focus
      forming virus or the helper virus genomes from these cells, since both viruses
      could still be recovered from the cell line.

PMID- 1194855
TI  - Genetic control of specific immune suppression. II. H-2-linked dominant genetic
      control of immune suppression by the random copolymer L-glutamic acid50-L
      tyrosine50 (GT).
AB  - Several inbred as well as congenic resistant strains of mice, which fail to
      respond to the random copolymer of L-glutamic acid50-L-tyrosine50 (GT), were
      shown to develop specific PFC responses when stimulated by GT complexed to an
      immunogenic carrier such as methylated bovine serum albumin (MBSA). In these
      studies we have found that GT preimmunization has a tolerogenic effect on the
      response to GT-MBSA in some mouse strains; whereas in other strains of mice, GT
      fails to inhibit the GT-MBSA response. We may, therefore, conclude that immune
      suppression cannot account for nonresponsiveness in all cases. The development of
      specific immune suppression in response to GT was shown to be inherited as a
      dominant trait in F1 hybrids resulting from the mating of suppressor with
      nonsuppressor strains. This trait is, therefore, under the control of a gene or
      genes that we have designated as specific immune suppression gene(s) Is genes.
      The strain distribution of GT induced suppression demonstrates that Is genes are
      coded for in the H-2 complex. Furthermore, immune suppression by the two related
      copolymers, GT and GAT, are distinct in different strains of mice. The
      significance of these data for our understanding of the regulation of the immune
      response is discussed.

PMID- 1194856
TI  - Dominant nonresponsiveness in the induction of autoimmunity to liver-specific F
      antigen.
AB  - The liver-specific F antigen, although not an autoimmunogen, can induce the
      production of autoantibodies in responder strains. The ability to respond is
      under the control of two genes, one linked to the H-2 locus of mice, the other
      not. Responders possessing both genes produce high anti-F titers, while the H-2
      linked gene alone permits a significant but low antibody response. (Responder X
      nonresponder) F1 hybrids derived from parents possessing identical F molecules
      are nonresponders, in contrast with the dominance of responsiveness in Ir gene
      systems. The presence of the H-2 locus from nonresponders appears involved in the
      inability to respond. This is discussed in terms of self-tolerance and
      suppression.

PMID- 1194858
TI  - Activated macrophages release a factor which lyses malignant cells but not normal
      cells.
AB  - When rat macrophages are activated by exposure to bacterial endotoxin they
      acquire the capacity to lyse sarcoma cells in tissue culture. Although showing no
      immunological specificity this lytic effect was only detectable on malignant
      cells; normal cells were unaffected. This tumor-selective lytic effect is
      mediated by a labile supernatant product.

PMID- 1194857
TI  - Binding of monomeric immunoglobulins to Fc receptors of mouse macrophages.
AB  - The binding properties of surface receptors of immunoglobulins on mouse
      macrophages were studied with mouse myeloma proteins and normal peritoneal
      macrophages, thioglycollate-stimulated macrophages, and a macrophage cell line,
      P388D1. Primary cultures of mouse embryo fibroblasts served as controls. IgG2a
      proteins were bound strongly;IgG2b was bound weakly (one-twentieth as well as
      IgG2a);IgM, IgA, and IgG1 were not bound significantly. The number of binding
      sites per cell for IgG2a was 4 X 10(5) for thioglycollate-stimulated cells and 1
      X 10(5) for normal and P388D1 cells. Binding was exothermal: with decreasing
      temperature the equilibrium (association) constants increased and dissociation
      rate constants decreased (at 37degreesC the respective values were 2 X 10(7) M-1
      and 0.26 min-1, the latter value corresponds to a half time for dissociation of
      2.6 min). From the rapidity of association and dissociation, it appears that the
      surface of the macrophage is in a dynamic equilibrium with IgG2a molecules in the
      cell's immediate microenvironment. The receptors for IgG2a are clearly specific
      for determinants in the immunoglobulin constant domain: two IgG2a proteins with
      greatly different isoelectric points (determined by isoelectric focusing) were
      bound with the same affinity to the same receptors; moreover, the Fc fragment was
      bound and Fab fragments were not. The Fc receptors for IgG2a proteins were
      readily eliminated by exposing macrophages briefly to trypsin. The receptors were
      regenerated during subsequent cultivation in serum-free medium; regeneration was
      inhibited totally by cycloheximide and partially by actinomycin D.

PMID- 1194859
TI  - Hemispheric processing differences revealed by differential conditioning and
      reaction time performance.
AB  - Two different experimental procedures were used to examine (a) information
      processing differences between two groups of subjects (Cs versus Vs) identified
      by the form of their conditioned eyeblinks; (b) information-processing
      differences between the right and left cerebral hemispheres; and (c) parallels
      between hypothesized C-V differences and right-left hemisphere differences. In
      the first experiment, the evocative command words BLINK and DON'T BLINK served as
      positive and negative conditioned stimuli. It was found that Vs gave more
      conditioned eyeblinks than Cs and that differential eyelid conditioning of Vs
      more than Cs was influenced by the semantic content of the stimuli. More
      importantly, the conditioning performance of Cs was more influenced by the
      semantic attributes of the stimuli when they were presented directly to the right
      visual field (left hemisphere) than when they were presented directly to the left
      visual field (right hemisphere). In contrast, the conditioning performance of Vs
      was equally influenced by the semantic attributes regardless of which hemisphere
      received direct stimulation. A second experiment was designed to determine
      whether such hemisphere-of-presentation differences for Cs versus Vs could also
      be obtained in a very different task. Subjects classified as Cs or Vs during a
      differential eyelid conditioning task then performed two same-different reaction
      time (RT) tasks that required discrimination of complex polygons in one case and
      the names of letters in another. On each RT trial both stimuli of a pair appeared
      briefly either in the center, left, or right visual field. For both Cs and Vs RTs
      to complex polygon pairs averaged 20 msec faster on left visual field trials than
      on right visual field trials, consistent with current hypotheses about right
      hemisphere specialization for visuospatial processing. In contrast, the results
      for letter pairs generally confirmed the C-V differences found in Experiment 1.
      That is, the right visual field (left-hemisphere) advantage for these verbal
      stimuli was once again larger for Cs than for Vs. The present results suggest
      that the two groups of subjects (Cs versus Vs) differ qualitatively in the modes
      of information processing that they typically employ. The results also suggest
      that these different modes of processing are related to aspects of cerebral
      hemisphere organization and that even right-handed individuals may differ from
      each other in the extent to which each cerebral hemisphere is mobilized for a
      given experimental task. Such individual differences must be incorporated into
      both models of classical eyelid conditioning and models of cerebral hemisphere
      specialization.

PMID- 1194860
TI  - Verbal coding and redintegrative memory for shapes.
AB  - Four experiments examined the effect of label training on redintegrative memory
      for novel shapes (remembering the whole shape when only a part is presented).
      Redintegrative memory was markedly better when subjects were trained with names
      as compared to unnamed control conditions. The first two experiments demonstrated
      that the effect of labeling was even stronger when subjects were required to use
      the labels during the transfer test. This result suggests that the naming effect
      is not due to attentional differences during training. The last two experiments
      explored the quality of the assigned labels and the relationship of the label to
      the visual stimulus. There was a slightly greater effect of relevant meaningful
      labels on redintegrative memory, but in general all types of names (relevant,
      irrelevant, and paralog) were facilitative. The experiments suggest that a verbal
      code can exert a strong influence in tasks that require the integration and
      retrieval of visual information.

PMID- 1194861
TI  - Auditory location as an encoding dimension.
AB  - In two experiments, subjects were given five successive short-term memory tests.
      In Experiment 1, recall was not significantly facilitated when memory material in
      the final test was delivered to the ear opposite to the one that received the
      memory material in the four preceding tests. In Experiment 2, events were
      presented from two differentially located speakers rather than through
      headphones. A shift across speakers on the final test did produce proactive
      interference release. These findings suggest spatial location as a potential
      encoding dimension of verbal material.

PMID- 1194862
TI  - Stimulus structure, discrimination, and interference.
AB  - Subjects learned lists of consonant trigram word pairs varying in intralist
      formal stimulus similarity. On test trials, subjects were tested with all but one
      stimulus, then presented either the missing stimulus or one previously tested.
      Subjects had to correctly identify this stimulus, then recall its associated
      word. Both recall and recognition performance varied with the difficulty of
      discovering and utilizing a discriminated element. However, when subjects were
      instructed as to list structure, recall was improved without improvement in
      recognition in one condition, and recognition was improved without recall in
      another. This indicates that stimulus discrimination is neither necessary nor
      sufficient to reduce intralist interference.

PMID- 1194863
TI  - Classical skin conductance response conditioning: effects of intermittent
      reinforcement and information about schedule contingencies.
AB  - Skin conductance responses were differentially conditioned using reinforcement
      schedules of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, manipulated between subjects. Half of the
      subjects were informed about schedule contingencies, and half were uninformed.
      The interstimulus interval was 6 sec. Discrimination of first-interval responses
      (1.0-3.5 sec after conditioned stimulus [CS] onset) by informed subjects did not
      vary with the ratio variable, but that by uninformed subjects improved with
      increasing reinforcement ratio because of diminished response levels to the
      nonreinforced CS (CS-). Discrimination of second-interval responses (3.6-7.0 sec
      after CS onset) improved as a function of increasing reinforcement ratio because
      of elevated response levels to the reinforced CS (CS+), but the effect was not
      persistent across trials in informed subjects. Performance in the first and
      second intervals did not reflect sequential increments and decrements as a
      function of reinforced and nonreinforced trials. Third-interval responses (7.1
      9.9 sec after CS on nonreinforced trials) were not affected by schedule
      manipulations, but unconditioned responses diminished with increasing
      reinforcement ratio. Information about schedule contingencies led to superior
      discrimination of first-, second-, and third-interval responses and to
      suppression of unconditioned responses.

PMID- 1194864
TI  - Aspects of phonological fusion.
AB  - Phonological fusion occurs when the phonemes of two different speech stimuli are
      combined into a new percept that is longer and linguistically more complex than
      either of the two inputs. For example, when PAY is presented to one ear and LAY
      to the other, the subject often perceives PLAY. The present article is an
      investigation of the conditions necessary and sufficient for fusion to occur. The
      rules governing phonological fusion appear to be the same for synthetic and
      natural speech, but synthetic stimuli fuse more readily. Fusion occurs
      considerably more often in dichotic stimulus presentation than in binaural
      presentation. The phenomenon is remarkably tolerant of differences in relative
      onset time between the to-be-fused stimuli and of relative differences in
      fundamental frequency, intensity, and vocal tract configuration. Although
      phonological fusion is insensitive to such nonlinguistic stimulus parameters, it
      is sensitive to linguistic variations at the semantic, phonemic, and acoustic
      levels.

PMID- 1194865
TI  - Ratio scale measurement of the perceived lengths of lines.
AB  - In Experiments 1 and 2, magnitude and category estimates of perceived line length
      difference were used to rank order 36 pairs of lines with respect to the
      psychological length difference between the lines forming a pair. In Experiment 3
      magnitude estimates of line length ratios were used to order the same 36 pairs
      with respect to the psychological length ratio between the lines comprising a
      pair. A nonmetric analysis of the rank-order of the difference and ratio
      judgments was used to construct a ratio scale of perceived line length. Perceived
      line length was found to be a power function of physical line length with an
      exponent of .46. In Experiments 4 and 5, magnitude and category estimates of line
      length similarity were obtained. A nonmetric analysis of these data indicated
      that similarity judgments were monotonic inverses of judgments of psychological
      ratios.

PMID- 1194866
TI  - Perception of temporal order in vowel sequences with and without formant
      transitions.
AB  - Temporal-order perception of phoneme segments in running speech is much superior
      to temporal-order perception in repeating vowel sequences. The more rapid rates
      possible in running speech may be due largely to the presence of formant
      transitions. In a series of five experiments we observed that many temporal-order
      misjudgements of repeating vowels can be explained in terms of auditory stream
      segregation, triggered for the most part by discontinuities in first-formant
      frequencies of adjacent vowels. Streaming, however, can be suppressed by formant
      transitions appropriate for the perception of stop consonants and by continuous
      transitions resembling those in coarticulated vowels. At rapid sequence rates,
      when the constraints of auditory streaming are removed, correct temporal-order
      identification is limited by linguistic transformations of vowels into other
      phoneme segments.

PMID- 1194867
TI  - Feedback versus motor programming in the control of aimed movements.
AB  - In the Fitts paradigm the subject moves a stylus to the left or right of an
      initial rest position to reach targets that vary in size and in distance from the
      initial position. The classic finding for relatively long movements is that
      movement time, measured from leaving the initial position until contact with the
      target, depends on both distance and target size according to a relationship
      known as "Fitts' law." By contrast, reaction time, measured from the signal to
      move until the stylus leaves the initial position, is independent of these
      parameters. While replicating these results for long movements, the present data
      show a different pattern for very short movements, for which Fitts' law no longer
      holds and for which reaction time increases as the size of the target is
      decreased. These findings were interpreted as implying that long movements are
      under feedback control, whereas short movements are predominately programmed and
      ballistic. This conclusion was supported by the additional finding that
      elimination of visual feedback was more disruptive to the long than to the short
      movements.

PMID- 1194868
TI  - Feedback as a source of information and as a source of noise in absolute
      judgments of loudness.
AB  - Two experiments investigated the effects of feedback on absolute judgements of
      loudness. In Experiment 1, subjects received aceurate, unreliable, or no
      feedback. While feedback improved the information transmitted in judgments, it
      gave lower d' values than no feedback. These results were not compatible with a
      signal detection model with a noisy sensory stage and a decision stage with a
      fixed criterion, but suggested that criteria move in response to feedback and
      thus contribute judgmental noise to perceptual processes. Further confirmation
      for a variable criterion was obtained in Experiment 2, where reliability of
      feedback was held constant, but feedback was biased to favor some response
      alternatives more than others. Biased feedback shifted the positions of criteria,
      but also increased the inertia of some criteria in responding to feedback which
      caused changes in d'.

PMID- 1194869
TI  - Tests of the psychological meaning of the power law.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to establish a theoretical framework for Stevens'
      empirically derived power law. Three models were proposed to explain the power
      law. They respectively outline how sensory, stimulus, and response variables
      determine the judgmental behavior in a psychophysical task. A correlational study
      on individual differences in exponents was carried out to test the predictions
      derived from each model. The use of four different sensory continua and four
      scaling procedures provided the experimental means of manipulating the sensory,
      stimulus, and response variables in the scaling situation. The results showed
      that response variables are important determinants of judgmental behavior in
      psychophysical scaling. These findings suggest that subjects' responses to
      stimulus intensities in a scaling task are largely cognitive.

PMID- 1194870
TI  - Prospects for comparative physiology and biochemistry.

PMID- 1194871
TI  - Comparative strategies in the investigation of neural networks.
AB  - Comparative studies on nervous systems, though infrequently undertaken for the
      purpose of comparison, have yielded some important generalities about the formats
      of nervous networks, and about the cell biology of certain neural types. In the
      first category, it is clear that convergent evolutionary processes arrived at
      very similar networks to accomplish reciprocal and lateral inhibition, and load
      compensation in "resistance reflexes." A newer general network format is
      described, command-derived inhibition, in which the central nervous elements
      controlling a rapid movement deliver presynaptic inhibition to the terminals of
      sensory neurons that carry reafferent excitation from the movement. It is argued
      that such circuits occur in several groups of animals, and that they include as a
      special class the efferent inhibitory neurons innervating acoustico-lateralis
      receptors in vertebrates. The properties of circuit elements that now seem to
      constitute useful generalizations include size principle (the inverse
      relationship between size and excitability in a variety of neurons), and the late
      differentiation of sensory neurons, failure to decussate, and their inability to
      mediate inhibition. Many other generalities have emerged, only to fall; one
      conclusion from such searches is that many supposedly "basic" properties of cell
      types or neural circuits are in fact not phylogenetically conservative, however
      much the physiologist may expect them to be.

PMID- 1194872
TI  - Neural factors and evitability in insect behavior.
AB  - Compared with more complex behavior patterns involving goal selection, evasive
      behavior of prey animals elicited by the presence of a natural predator is
      usually considered to be relatively inevitable and stereotyped. Noctuid moths,
      while flying in the field at night, show two types of evasive response pattern
      when their tympanic organs detect the ultrasonic cries of marauding insectivorous
      bats. Since sound is the sole communication channel between prey and predator,
      this situation invites neurophysiological and behavioral analysis. When, in the
      course of studying this behavior, moths are removed by stages from the natural
      circumstances of this interaction their evasion responses become much less
      invariant; that is, more evitable. The possible survival value of some
      evitability in this behavior under natural circumstances is discussed. The
      afferent nerve response of the noctuid auditory organ is highly stable;
      therefore, the source or sources of this evitability must lie down-stream in the
      moth central nervous system. Acoustic interneuronal systems within the thoracic
      ganglia and the brain have been examined for lapses in responsiveness and for
      other indications of transsynaptic instability that might correlate with the
      demonstrated behavioral evitability.

PMID- 1194873
TI  - The role of sex hormones in the growth of antler bone tissue. I: Endocrine and
      metabolic effects of antiandrogen therapy.
AB  - Cyproterone acetate (CA), an antiandrogenic compound, was used in order to
      investigate the role of testosterone in bone growth processes. The formation of
      Haversian systems in the growing antlers of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus
      virginianus) were substantially affected by only 3.5 mg of CA kg/wk. The
      mineralization processes of the bone matrix were almost completely blocked and
      the antlers persisted in growing throughout the whole year. Plasma levels of
      thyroxine, alkaline phosphatase and GH were higher while cortisol and
      testosterone levels were lower than in controls. No differences were registered
      in plasma levels of Ca, P or urea nitrogen. Despite hypertrophy of interstitial
      tissue, spermatogenesis was almost completely blocked. The sexual behaviour and
      the body appearance of experimental animals was typical for castrates.

PMID- 1194874
TI  - The relation of nerves to multiple regeneration in a single newt limb.
AB  - Three amputation surfaces were formed on the lower arm of a single newt. Growth
      occurred on all combinations of these surfaces. The proximal surface (the only
      single surface to form regenerates) produced more regenerates (76% of the cases)
      than the two more distal surfaces. Blocking the proximal surface with whole skin
      greatly stimulates the production of accessory structures on the first and/or
      second more distal surfaces. The mean number of nerve fibers on the proximal
      surface is considerably higher than the nerve counts of the first more and second
      most distal surfaces. Limbs possessing a notch or digit(s) on the proximal
      surface and the absence of growth on the first more and second distal surfaces
      also show a decrease in nerve number on the first more and second most distal
      surfaces. An analysis of the mean number of nerve fibers on the blocked
      (proximal) surface shows a noticeable decrease in comparison with nerve fibers in
      an equivalent level on normal limbs. Nerve fiber counts on the first more and
      second most distal surfaces are markedly increased on those limbs where the
      proximal surface was blocked with whole skin. Threshold experiments suggest that
      the irregular occurrence of accessory structures on the first more distal and
      second most distal surfaces may be related to an insufficient number of nerve
      fibers on these surfaces. Similarly, a possible explanation for the regular
      occurrence of accessory structures on the proximal surface is that nerve number
      on this surface is always above threshold.

PMID- 1194875
TI  - Structural and functional heterogeneity in an insect muscle.
AB  - Singing muscles of the katydid, Neoconocephalus robustus (Insecta, Tettigoniidae)
      are neurogenic, yet perform at contraction-relaxation frequencies as high as 212
      Hz (Josephson and Halverson, '71). The mechanical and electrical responses of
      different bands of one of these muscles (the dorsal longitudinal muscle, DLM) has
      been examined with respect to ultrastructural features of each part which may be
      related to muscle performance. The DLM is composed of three bands and is
      innervated by four motoneurones. The cell bodies of three of these motoneurones
      occur ipsilaterally in the prothroracic ganglion; the cell body of the other
      motoneurone is contralateral in the mesothoracic ganglion. Three of the
      motoneurones (as yet unidentified fast axons) initiate extraordinarily fast
      twitches (rise time equal 7.3 msec, half duration equals 14.3 msec, 25 C), the
      fourth (an unidentified slower axon) evokes twitches which are considerably
      slower (rise time equals 18.9 msec, half duration equals 5.10 msec). Whereas the
      ventral and medial bands of the muscle are innervated only by fast axons (some
      fibers of the medial band are doubly innervated), the dorsal band is innervated
      by both a fast axon and the slower axon. A few fibers of the dorsal band are
      doubly innervated. The structure of fibers from the ventral and medial bands is
      very similar, with short sarcomeres (4.0 and 4.3 mum, respectively) and thin
      strap-like myofibrils delineated by well-developed sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).
      Twenty-four percent of the volume of ventral band fibers is SR and the diffusion
      distance from SR to the center of the adjacent myofibril averages 0.083 mum.
      Twenty percent of the medial band fiber volume is SR, with a diffusion distance
      of 0.118 mum. Ventral and medial band fibers contain about 40% mitochondria, and
      33% myofibrils. The dorsal band fibers have longer sarcomeres (9.5 mum), and only
      10% of the fiber volume is SR. The muscle fibrils of the dorsal band are larger
      and consequently the diffusion distance is greater (0.227 mum) than in the
      ventral and medial bands. Mitochondria comprise 23% of the volume of dorsal band
      fibers. Most dorsal band mitochondria are aggregated into distinct clumps.
      Although some dorsal band fibers are innervated by a fast axon and some by the
      slower axon, the dorsal band fibers are structurally homogeneous, suggesting that
      neurotrophic effects are not important in maintaining the structure of dorsal
      band fibers. The mechanical-electrical performance and ultrastructure of the
      ventral and medial bands suggest their roll as fast, metabolically active but
      weak muscles, used in singing; the dorsal band as a slower but stronger muscle,
      perhaps involved in postural movements of the wing during singing.

PMID- 1194876
TI  - Disruption of normal forelimb regeneration in adult Notophthalmus viridescens by
      sublethal concentrations of trypan blue.
AB  - The effects of the vital dye trypan blue (TpB) on the regeneration of amputated
      newt forelimbs were examined. Administration of the dye (10 mug/g body weight)
      via IP injection during the early wound healing and dedifferentiation phases of
      regeneration inhibited the normal regenerative response. The accumulation phases
      of regeneration are similarly halted but only by greater concentrations of TpB
      (50 mug/g body weight) while redifferentiation and morphogenesis are only
      affected by still greater concentrations of the dye (100 mug/g body weight). In
      addition to abolishing the regenerative response, low levels of TpB were also
      capable of inducing skeletal abnormalities in the regenerates as might be
      expected from previous reports on the teratogenicity of the dye. The in vitro
      action of newt hyaluronidase (as well as purified testicular hyaluronidase) on
      hyaluronate was diminished by TpB, with virtually complete inhibition observed at
      initial reaction mixture concentrations of 100 mug/ml. The results of this study
      suggest that TpB acts to disrupt the normal regenerative response by preventing
      dedifferentiation and remodeling, perhaps by inhibition of various necessary
      lytic enzyme functions or by interference with normal intercellular
      communications.

PMID- 1194877
TI  - Multienzymic nature of pyruvate kinase during development of Hymenolepis diminuta
      (Cestoda).
AB  - H. diminuta at different stages of development contained as many as five pyruvate
      kinase isozymes. Four of these were unusually sensitive to allosteric activation
      by fructose-1,6-P2. One isozyme which occurred only in adults or near-adults was
      insensitive but had a relatively low Km. All were inhibited by ATP and Ca2+, none
      by alanine, and the pH optimum was unaffected by fructose-1,6-P2. The five
      isozymes were present in gravid or reproductively active proglottids. Two of them
      occurred after eight days growth in the rat intestine, and three after four days.
      These three were also present in the immature, anterior proglottids of adult
      parasites. Hexacanth larvae from gravid proglottids, as well as cysticercoids
      developing from these larvae in Tenebrio molitor, possessed only two isozymes. It
      was inferred from information on tissue concentrations of ADP, ATP,
      phosphoenolypyruvate (PEP) and on K0.5S and Km that competition between pyruvate
      kinase and PEP carboxykinase is probably controlled by fructose-1,6-P2
      concentrations. Since H. diminuta is an obligatory fermenter in which
      gluconeogenesis is minimal, the probable function of its L-type pyruvate kinases
      is to control the specific composition of lactic, acetic and succinic acid
      mixtures that are excreted at different stages of development.

PMID- 1194878
TI  - Vascular injury and repair associated with orthopaedic trauma.

PMID- 1194879
TI  - Cancer chemotherapy a question of timing.

PMID- 1194880
TI  - Is it organophosphate poisoning or mushroom poisoning? Case history with
      treatment recommendations.

PMID- 1194881
TI  - Understanding family problems.

PMID- 1194882
TI  - The Florida Regional Medical Program. A report.

PMID- 1194883
TI  - Case report. Gynecomastia following digitalis administration.

PMID- 1194884
TI  - Activities of potassium and sodium ions in rabbit heart muscle.
AB  - Activities (a) of intracellular K and Na in rabbit ventricular papillary muslces
      were determined with cation-selectivve glass microelectrodes and concentrations
      (C) were estimated with flame photometry. The CK and aK of the muscles were 134.9
      +/- 3.1 mM (mean value +/- SE) and 82.6 mM, respectively, at 25 degrees C. The
      corresponding CNa and aNa were 32.7 +/- 2.7 and 5.7, respectively. The apparent
      intracellular activity coefficients for K (gammaK) and Na (gammaNa) were 0.612
      and 0.175, respectively. Similar results were obtained at 35 +/- 1 degree C.
      gammaK was substantially lower than the activity coefficient (0.745) of
      extracellular fluid (Tyrode's solution), which might be expected on the basis of
      a different intracellular ionic strength. gammaNa was much lower than that of
      extracellular fluid, and suggest that much of the Na was compartmentalized or
      sequestered. For external K concentrations greater than 5 mM, the resting
      membrane potentials agreed well with the potential differences calculated from
      the K activity gradients across the cell membrane as a potassium electrode. These
      results emphasize that potassium equilibrium potentials in heart muscle should be
      calculated by activities rather than concentrations.

PMID- 1194885
TI  - Conductance increases produced by bath application of cholinergic agonists to
      Electrophorus electroplaques.
AB  - When solutions containing agonists are applied to the innervated face of an
      Electrophorus electroplaque, the membrane's conductance increases. The agonist
      induced conductance is increased at more negative membrane potentials. The
      "instantaneous" current-voltage curve for agonist-induced currents is linear and
      shows a reversal potential near zero mV; chord conductances, calculated on the
      basis of this reversal potential, change epsilon-fold for every 62-mV change in
      potential when the conductance is small. Conductance depends non-linearly on
      small agonist concentrations; at all potentials, the dose-response curve has a
      Hill coefficient of 1.45 for decamethonium (Deca) and 1.90 for carbamylcholine
      (Carb). With agonist concentrations greater than 10(-4) M Carb or 10(-%) M Deca,
      the conductance rises to a peak 0.5-1.5 min after introduction of agonist, then
      declines with time; this effect resembles the "desensitization" reported for
      myoneural junctions. Elapid alpha-toxin, tubocurarine, and desensitization reduce
      the conductance without changing the effects of potential; the apparent
      dissociation constant for tubocurarine is 2 X 10(-7) M. By contrast, procaine
      effects a greater fractional inhibition of the conductance at high negative
      potentials.

PMID- 1194886
TI  - Ionic selectivity, saturation, and block in sodium channels. A four-barrier
      model.
AB  - Ionic fluxes in Na channels of myelinated axons show ionic competition, block,
      and deviations from simple flux independence. These phenomena are particularly
      evident when external Na+ ions are replaced by other permeant or impermeant ions.
      The observed currents require new flux equations not based on the concepts of
      free diffusion. A specific permeability model for the Na channel is developed
      from Eyring rate theory applied to a chain of saturable binding sites. There are
      four energy barriers in the pore and only one ion is allowed inside at a time.
      Deviations from independence arise from saturation. The model shows that ionic
      permeability ratios measured from zero-current potentials can differ from those
      measured from relative current amplitudes or conductances. The model can be
      fitted to experiments with various external sodium substitutes by varying only
      two parameters: For each ion the height of the major energy barrier (the
      selectivity filter) determines the biionic zero-current potential and the depth
      of the energy well (binding site) just external to that barrier then determines
      the current amplitudes. Voltage clamp measurements with myelinated nerve fibers
      are given showing numerous examples of deviations from independence in ionic
      fluxes. Strong blocks of ionic currents by guanidinium compounds and Tl+ ions are
      fitted by binding within the channel with apparent dissociation constants in the
      range 50-122 mM. A small block with high Na+ concentrations can be fitted by Na+
      ion binding with a dissociation constant of 368 mM. The barrier model is given a
      molecular interpretation that includes stepwise dehydration of the permeating ion
      as it interacts with an ionized carboxylic acid.

PMID- 1194887
TI  - Intracellular recordings from gecko photoreceptors during light and dark
      adaptation.
AB  - Intracellular recordings were obtained from rods in the Gekko gekko retina and
      the adaptation characteristics of their responses studied during light and dark
      adaptation. Steady background illumination induced graded and sustained
      hyperpolarizing potentials and compressed the incremental voltage range of the
      receptor. Steady backgrounds also shifted the receptor's voltage-intensity curve
      along the intensity axis, and bright backgrounds lowered the saturation potential
      of the receptor. Increment thresholds of single receptors followed Weber's law
      over a range of about 3.5 log units and then saturated. Most of the receptor
      sensitivity change in light derived from the shift of the voltage-intensity
      curve, only little from the voltage compression. Treatment of the eyecup with
      sodium aspartate at concentrations sufficient to eliminate the beta-wave of the
      electroretinogram (ERG) abolished initial transients in the receptor response,
      possibly indicating the removal of horizontal cell feedback. Aspartate treatment,
      however, did not significantly alter the adaptation characteristics of receptor
      responses, indicating that they derive from processes intrinsic to the receptors.
      Dark adaptation after a strongly adapting stimulus was similarly associated with
      temporary elevation of membrane potential, initial lowering of the saturation
      potential, and shift of the voltage-intensity curve. Under all conditions of
      adaptation studied, small amplitude responses were linear with light intensity.
      Further, there was no unique relation between sensitivity and membrane potential
      suggesting that receptor sensitivity is controlled at least in part by a step of
      visual transduction preceding the generation of membrane voltage change.

PMID- 1194888
TI  - Repetitive spikes in photoreceptor axons of the scorpion eye. Invertebrate eye
      structure and tetrodotoxin.
AB  - A graded depolarization accompanied by nerve impulses can be recorded from the
      scorpion lateral and median eyes in response to light. Electron microscopy shows
      that axons forming the optic nerve arise directly from the photoreceptors. Thus,
      photoreceptors must respond both by the generation of a slow receptor potential
      and the initiation of spikes. The latency of the first spike, and the maximal and
      mean discharge frequencies were a function of light intensity. Spikes were
      abolished by tetrodotoxin. Repetitive firing to light therefore appears to be a
      normal response of scorpion photoreceptors and is the result of regenerative Na
      influx in the cell membrane.

PMID- 1194889
TI  - Selective modification of sodium channel gating in lobster axons by 2, 4, 6
      trinitrophenol: Evidence for two inactivation mechanisms.
AB  - Trinitrophernol (TNP) selectively alters the sodium conductance system of lobster
      giant axons as measured in current clamp and voltage clamp experiments using the
      double sucrose gap technique. TNP has no measurable effect on potassium currents
      but reversibly prolongs the time-course of sodium currents during maintained
      depolarizations over the full voltage range of observable currents. Action
      potential durations are increased also. Tm of the Hodgkin-Huxley model is not
      markedly altered during activation of the sodium conductance but is prolonged
      during removal of activation by repolarization, as observed in sodium tail
      experiments. The sodium inactivation versus voltage curve is shifted in the
      hyperpolarizing direction as is the inactivation time constant curve, measured
      with conditioning voltage steps. This shift speeds the kinetics of inactivation
      over part of the same voltage range in which sodium currents are prolonged, a
      contradiction incompatible with the Hodgkin-Huxley model. These results are
      interpreted as support for a hypothesis of two inactivation processes, one
      proceeding directly from the resting state and the other coupled to the active
      state of sodium conductance.

PMID- 1194890
TI  - Local adaptation in the ventral photoreceptors of Limulus.
AB  - Local adaptation was demonstrated in the ventral photoreceptors of Lumulus using
      either flashes or continuous illumination. Spots of light locally desensitized
      the region of the photoreceptor on which they were focused. In dark-adapted
      photoreceptors where "quantum bumps" were clearly discernible, local adaptation
      of the quantum bumps was observed. Local adaptation could induce differences of
      threshold of 1 decade over distances of 50-80 mum. With continuous local
      illumination these gradients could be maintained from 2 s to 30 min. In addition,
      the decrease in time scale associated with light adaptation was also found to be
      localized to the region of illumination.

PMID- 1194891
TI  - Factors influencing the formation and stability of D-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase
      activity in cultures of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
AB  - D-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase specific activity in Agrobacterium tumefaciens was
      maximal towards the end of the exponential growth phase of batch cultures; over
      90% of the activity disappeared within the next 15 h. Manganese ions, although
      essential for growth of the organism, strongly repressed D-glucoside 3
      dehydrogenase synthesis in sucrose medium but had little effect when the carbon
      source was methyl alpha-D-glucoside. D-Glucoside 3-dehydrogenase activity
      increased linearly with increasing specific growth rate in chemostat cultures
      limited by carbon, nitrogen, phosphate or manganese when methyl alpha-D-glucoside
      was the carbon source. High enzyme activity was found with sucrose as carbon
      source only when the growth medium was manganese-limited. D-Glucoside 3
      dehydrogenase activity disappeared from A. tumefaciens incubated in carbon- and
      nitrogen-free medium or in nitrogen-free medium containing succinate, but on
      continued incubation the activity returned and was then stable. The recovery of
      activity could be prevented by chloramphenicol or erythromycin. Bacteria
      containing the recovered dehydrogenase activity could not convert sucrose to 3
      ketosucrose when oxygen acted as the terminal electron acceptor, but produced 3
      ketosucrose at the normal rate in the presence of ferricyanide. D-Glucoside 3
      dehydrogenase activity disappeared irreversibly from bacteria incubated in
      nitrogen-free medium containing sucrose. Loss of activity followed first order
      kinetics in bacteria taken from nitrogen-, phosphate- or manganese-limited
      chemostat steady states; an accelerating rate of decay occurred in cells grown
      under carbon-limitation. 8-Hydroxyquinoline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, 2,4
      dinitrophenol and manganese ions could reduce the rate of decay.

PMID- 1194892
TI  - Molar growth yields, respiration and cytochrome patterns of Beneckea natriegens
      when grown at different medium dissolved-oxygen tensions.
AB  - The effect of medium dissolved-oxygen tension on the molar growth yield,
      respiration and cytochrome content of Beneckea natriegens in chemostat culture (D
      0-37 H-1) was examined. The molar growth yield (Y), the specific rate of oxygen
      (qo2) and glucose consumption, and the specific rate of carbon dioxide evolution
      were independent of the dissolved-oxygen tension above a critical value (greatest
      than 2 mmHg). However, the potential respiration rate increased with reduction in
      the dissolved-oxygen tension at values of the dissolved-oxygen tension well above
      the critical value. Changes in the cytochrome content occurred at dissolved
      oxygen tensions well above the critical value. An increase in cytochrome c
      relative to cytochrome b was observed as the dissolved-oxygen tension was
      decreased. Reduction of the dissolved-oxygen tension to less than I mmHg caused a
      switch to fermentative metabolism shown by the apparent rise in YO2 and decrease
      in the molar growth yield from glucose. At this point the potential respiration
      rate (qO2) increased to its highest value, while the cytochrome pattern reverted
      to that observed at dissolved-oxygen tensions above 96 mmHg. There appeared to be
      no correlation between cytochrome content, potential qO2, in situ qO2, and
      cyanide sensitivity of the organism at various dissolved-oxygen tensions.

PMID- 1194893
TI  - Keto acid metabolism in Desulfovibrio.
AB  - Four strains of Desulfovibrio each excreted pyruvate to a constant level during
      growth; it was re-absorbed when the substrate (lactate) was exhausted. Malate,
      succinate, fumarate and malonate also accumulated during growth. One of the
      strains (Hildenborough) excreted alpha-ketoglutarate as well as pyruvate when
      incubated in nitrogen-free medium; the former was re-absorbed on addition of
      NH4Cl. In a low-lactate nitrogen-free medium, strain Hildenborough rapidly re
      absorbed the pyruvate initially excreted, but did not re-absorb the alpha
      ketoglutarate. Arsenite (I mM) prevented the accumulation of alpha-ketoglutarate;
      I mM-malonate did not affect the accumulation of keto acids. Isocitrate
      dehydrogenase activity (NAD-specific) in all strains was lower than NADP-specific
      glutamate dehydrogenase activity. Alpha-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase could not be
      detected in any strain. NADPH oxidase activity was demonstrated. This and
      previous work indicate that a tricarboxylic acid pathway from citrate to alpha
      ketoglutarate exists in Desulfovibrio spp., and that succinate can be synthesized
      via malate and fumarate; however, an intact tricarboxylic acid cycle is evidently
      not present. The findings are compared with observations on biosynthetic pathways
      in clostridia, obligate lithotrophs, phototrophs, and methylotrophs, and various
      facultative bacteria.

PMID- 1194894
TI  - Potassium fluxes in Neocosmospora vasinfecta.
AB  - The unidirectional K+ fluxes across the mycelial surface of Neocosmospora
      vasinfecta were determined using 42K. Influx was mediated by at least two
      kinetically distinct systems, one having an apparent Km of 6-5 mu-equiv. K+/l and
      the other of about 1-0 m-equiv. K+/l. The VMAX for both systems was in the range
      18 to 22 mu-equiv. K+/100 mg mycelial dry matter/h (1-0 to 1-2 m-equiv. K+/l cell
      water/min). Influx was strongly inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol, sodium azide,
      sodium arsenate and anaerobiosis. K+ efflux was dependent on the external K+
      concentration and ranged from 3 to 10% of mycelial K+/h. The maximum efflux rate
      was always considerably less than the initial influx rate for the K+
      concentrations examined. During incubation in dilute KCl solutions, K+ influx
      decreased to a value approaching the K+ efflux rate. It is considered that
      equilibrium with external K+ is attained primarily by the regulation of K+
      influx, and that this may be the principal mechanism controlling cytoplasmic K+
      levels. Adsorption of K+ was also observed throughout the K+ concentration range
      examined and can be attributed to two distinct K+-binding entities at the
      mycelial surface, half-saturating at approximately O-I mM-and 4-4 mM-KCl
      respectively.

PMID- 1194895
TI  - A plasmid involved in chloramphenicol production in Streptomyces venezuelae:
      evidence from genetic mapping.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that chloramphenicol production in Streptomyces venezuelae
      depends on the presence of a plasmid, mapping analysis was carried out by using
      eight markers in addition to chloramphenicol production and melanoid pigment
      formation. The sequence of the eight markers was determined on a circular linkage
      map as follows: -his-ade-str-leu-lys-met-ilv-pro-(his-). This sequence resulted
      in the frequency of quadruple crossover (q.c.o.) recombinants having the lowest
      value, 3-2 to 4-9%. However, the character of chloramphenicol non-production,
      which was obtained by incubating mycelia with acriflavin, was not required to
      explain the results. From these results and other tests, it is concluded that
      chloramphenicol production is controlled by a plasmid. This plasmid appeared to
      be non-transferable in conjugation.

PMID- 1194896
TI  - Self-parental alientation and locus of control in delinquent girls.
AB  - Social maladjustment has been related to an external locus of control
      orientation. It was hypothesized, therefore, that delinquent females would be
      more external than a control sample. Further, since alienation from others is
      also associated with maladjustment, it was expected that the delinquents would
      also prefer greater distance from others. These hypotheses were confirmed with
      discussion being in terms of implication for rehabilitation of delinquents.

PMID- 1194897
TI  - Recognition of inverted photographs of faces by children and adults.
AB  - Inverted black-white photographs of the faces of highly familiar peers
      (classmates, fraternity brothers, etc.) were presented to 350 Ss ranging from 3
      to 20 years of age. In an untimed test session, S tried to identify the person in
      the inverted photograph. Success in this task was positively correlated with age
      up to approximately 14 years, but performance deteriorated after this age;
      college-age Ss and preschool Ss' performances were approximately equal. This
      finding contrasts with the current view that the effects of disorientation on
      perception becomes less potent with age. A cognitive explanation is offered for
      the early rise in the performance curve; the subsequent reduction in level of
      performance is attributed to rigidity of the perceptual mechanism as a function
      of overlearning of a mono-oriented configuration.

PMID- 1194898
TI  - Locus of reinforcement control, self-image disparity, and self-acceptance: a
      replication.

PMID- 1194899
TI  - A further examination of the developmental trend of the tactile horizontal
      vertical illusion.

PMID- 1194900
TI  - The relationship between perceptual egocentrism and field-dependence in early
      childhood.
AB  - Fifty-three kindergarten children were administered tests of inductive reasoning
      and field-dependence and a series of perceptual egocentrism tasks. The principal
      expectation of the study, that field-dependence would relate positively to
      perceptual egocentrism, was confirmed. Perceptual egocentrism was found to be
      independent of induction for the age range studied; however the relatively low
      correlations obtained between the field-dependence measures and their common
      relationship with induction led to the questioning of the validity of the field
      dependence construct in early childhood.

PMID- 1194901
TI  - Affective relationship, locus of control, and imitative behavior.
AB  - The effects of the affective relationship between the model and the observer and
      locus of control on imitative behavior were investigated by exposing 28 boys to
      their most liked peer and least liked peer on a simple imitative task. Locus of
      control was determined by the Nowicki-Strickland (6) Locus of Control Scale for
      Children. More imitative responses were exhibited to the most liked peer than to
      the least liked peer, and a positive correlation between number of imitative
      responses and internal locus of control was found. Results were interpreted as
      indicating the need to control the affective relationship between the model and
      observer and as supporting Bandura (1) in the imitative behavior is primarily
      under self-reinforcement control.

PMID- 1194902
TI  - Sex differences in the activity level of preschool children as a possible
      precursor of hyperactivity.
AB  - The major objective of the present study was to determine whether or not
      preschool age boys had a higher activity level than girls. While it is a widely
      known fact that more boys than girls are referred to specialists for being
      hyperactive, the question of whether a sex-linked pattern of hyperactivity is
      observable in the general population remains unanswered. To investigate this
      issue, the activity levels of preschool children from a "normal" sample were
      measured randomly by an observation technique as they took part in a nursery
      school program. The results not only indicated that boys were more active than
      girls, but that the boy's behavioral activity was manifested in patterns that
      were similar in nature to those often included as part of the various definitions
      of hyperactivity. The implication of the results were discussed, and future
      research needs were delineated.

PMID- 1194903
TI  - Drive and reward in an acquired-fear paradigm.
AB  - Either five minutes or 48 hours following classical fear conditioning (CS paired
      with inescapable shock) four groups of rats were trained to jump a hurdle from
      the conditioning box into an adjoining box. During hurdle jumping one-half of the
      Ss in each delay condition had the CS present in both boxes, while for the
      remaining Ss it was absent (NCS). CS Ss performed better than NCSSs (p less than
      or equal to .005) and five-minute Ss performed better than 48-hour Ss (p less
      than or equal to .001). The results suggest (a) that there is a need for a drive
      concept in behavior theory, (b) that drive and reward combine additively, and (c)
      that there is a loss over 48 hours of fear conditioned to apparatus cues, but not
      of fear conditioned to the CS.

PMID- 1194904
TI  - Cognitive and nonverbal perceptual processing in dyslexics.
AB  - A sample of 33 dyslexic and 33 control children were compared on tasks involving
      visual matching with spatial transformation (VMST), tactual serial matching
      (TSM), visual sequential memory (VSM), and auditory sequential memory (ASM).
      Contrary to expectation, the dyslexics performed at the same level as controls on
      VMST. This result was not explicable as a floor or ceiling effect and was
      considered evidence that dyslexics do not suffer impairment in visual spatial
      transformation ability per se. Dyslexics were not significantly different on TSM,
      but were inferior to controls on VSM and ASM.

PMID- 1194905
TI  - Measurements of a single galvanic skin response based upon its rate topography.
AB  - Methods for the identification of the points of transition among three states
      (nonresponse, response, and recovery) of a single GSR are described. It is
      proposed that the topography of the rate of change of the skin resistance
      provides a basis for both the identification of the initiation and termination of
      a simple GSR and the estimation of the GSR magnitude. Data selected from a study
      in differential GSR conditioning suggest, for the present purposes, the
      desirability of a trichotomous classification of GSRs depending upon the response
      rates which typify the nonresponse state of a particular S under a particular set
      of conditions. Comparisons among estimates of the time of GSR initiation and
      termination and of the GSR magnitude by three different methods are made for each
      of the three proposed method of estimating the GSR magnitude, latency, and
      recruitment--may increasingly misestimate their values as the preresponse or
      nonresponse rate departs from zero and as the duration of the response increases.

PMID- 1194906
TI  - Apparent reversals seen by three types of perceiver of the Ames trapezoid
      illusion.
AB  - Three groups of subjects (three right-handed, right-eye-dominant men in each
      group), differing in the overall extent to which they perceived illusory
      oscillation with Ames's rotating trapezoidal window, were tested for their
      susceptibility to parameters of the illusion previously shown relevant in
      unselected samples. Differential response of these three perceiver groups to
      variations in viewing distance and target form was demonstrated; but target
      pattern produced no significant effects. It was concluded that consideration
      should be given to the distribution of these perceiver "types" in samples taken
      to study illusions of oscillatory motion.

PMID- 1194907
TI  - An auditory analog of the Stroop Test.
AB  - With use of a tape-recorded auditory method of stimulus presentation, 112
      undergraduates were required to identify the tonal concepts of high and low when
      these concepts were symbolically coded both in terms of high and low pitches of
      voice and by the spoken words "high" and "low." Trials consisted of 44-item
      sequential identifications of the concepts. Results were consistent with those in
      other realms. With use of a speeded accuracy criterion, findings were that Ss
      could identify the concepts faster from word symbols than from pitch symbols and
      faster from the two types of symbol information correctly matched than from
      either component type alone. More interference was produced when half of the
      symbols on a trial were mismatched and the other half matched than when all of
      the symbols were mismatched. Interference effects in both directions were found,
      but there was a larger interference of words on pitch than of pitch on words.

PMID- 1194908
TI  - A clinical application of subliminal psychodynamic activation. On the stimulation
      of symbiotic fantasies as an adjunct in the treatment of hospitalized
      schizophrenics.
AB  - This study attempted to utilize the subliminal psychodynamic activation method as
      an aid in the treatment of hospitalized schizophrenics. More specifically, we
      inbestigated whether the subliminal activation of a fantasy of symbiotic
      gratification would produce an increment in the degree of improvement that
      schizophrenics manifested as a result of hospitalization. Forty male patients
      were seen individually for three weekly sessions over a 6-week period for a
      fantasy expression task carried out by a psychology graduate student. Both at the
      beginning and at the end of each session and whenever during the session anxiety
      was in evidence, the patient was exposed to subliminal stimulation. The patients
      were divided into two groups equated for intelligence, pathology level, and other
      pertinent variables. For one group, the tachistoscopically presented stimulus
      consisted of MOMMY AND I ARE ONE, a verbal message which, in several prior
      studies, produced a significant reduction in ego impairment within a laboratory
      session. The other group served as a control, and their stimulus was PEOPLE ARE
      WALKING. The subjects in each group were subdivided in order to investigate the
      effects of two other interventions in addition to the subliminal symbiotic
      stimulation. One of these was aggressive expression consisting of an attempt to
      elicit specifically aggressive fantasies in the fantasy expression task. The
      other was self-focuing, designed to strengthen self-boundaries. All patients were
      blindly assessed for seven measures of ego impairment before and after the
      intervention period and for the number of rehospitalizations over a 9-month
      follow-up period. Of the three types of interventions impairment measures. For on
      of the variables, the symbiotic group showed significantly more improvement than
      the control group, while for two others the results approached significance. In
      addition, on an overall measure of ego impairment, there was significantly mor
      improvement for the symbiotic group than for the control patients.

PMID- 1194909
TI  - Cerebral localization and the psi syndrome.
AB  - On trying to correlate the psi syndrome with a neural substrate, it is necessary
      to distinguish between spontaneous, "macropsychological" and experimenta,
      "micropsychological" incidents of the card-calling type. On comparing telepathic
      drawings with drawings made by brain-injured patients suffering from optical
      agnosia, the identical tendency to distortion and disorganization of the target
      materials can be discerned. It suggests that the telepathic subject is "agnostic"
      in relation to psi impressions, and that his central processing takes place in
      the right rather than the left hemisphere. The capricious nature of extrasensory
      perception (ESP) responses of the card-calling type points to fluctuations in the
      reticular and limbic midbrain system in warding off the intrusion into awareness
      are subliminal or irrelevant perceptions from the outside world.

PMID- 1194910
TI  - Hypohedonia in schizophrenia.
AB  - The affective disorder in schizophrenia is an important manifestation of the
      schizophrenic illness. Such clinical features of joylessness, interpersonal
      aversion, and affective blunting have been considered by Rado and Meehl to
      represent a neurophysiological deficit in pleasure capacity which they termed
      anhedonia, but is more aptly characterized by the term hypohedonia. A free-recall
      task employing 24 affectively laden words presented in random order over nine
      trials was given to a carefully selected group of nonpsychotic hospitalized
      schizophrenics, hospitalized nonschizophrenics, and normals. The results of the
      study demonstrate that normals remember pleasant words to a significantly greater
      extent than upleasant words. This Pollyanna tendency or the tendency to utilize
      pleasant words over upleasant words has been described by Osgood as a stable
      cross-cultural phenomenon. By contrast, the schizophrenics show a significantly
      lower recall of pleasant words when compared with normals, although they remember
      unpleasant words to a comparable degree as normals. These findings provide
      experimental support for the hypohedonia hypothesis in schizophrenia. The
      nonshcizophrenic patients recall pleasant and unpleasant words to a significantly
      greater degree than neutral words. They are thus affectively governed in the free
      recall task and seem equally sensitized to both pleasant and unpleasant affect in
      their mnemonic processing.

PMID- 1194911
TI  - Depressive symptoms and the glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test.
AB  - Patients with severe depression have been observed previously to have a reduced
      rate of glucose utilization accompanied by elevated serum insulin levels during
      the intravenous glucose tolerance test (GTT) and a reduced metabolic
      responsiveness to exogenous insulin during the insulin tolerance test (ITT).
      These abnormalities were less obvious in patients with neurotic depression as
      compared to patients with severe endogenous or "psychotic" depression. To
      evaluate more fully the relationships of depressive symptomatology to these
      metabolic abnormalities, patients were rated by nursing staff on a short clinical
      rating scale (SCRS) and by a psychiatrist on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
      (BPRS) at the time the metabolic measurements were made. Patients were given the
      GTT and the ITT once when they were off medication and symptomatic and then again
      3 to 8 weeks later when symptoms had decreased following amitriptyline treatment.
      Fasting serum-free fatty acid levels (FFA) had a significant positive correlation
      to rating of anxiety. Fasting levels of glucose, insulin, and human growth
      hormone (HGH) did not significantly correlate to any of the ratings. A decreased
      rate of glucose utilization (k) correlated significantly with increased ratings
      of motor retardation, emotional withdrawal, and blunt affects, but not to other
      depressive symptoms. The responsiveness of FFA and HGH during the ITT was
      significantly less in patients with more severe symptomatology; responsiveness
      improved when those patients improved. Neither incorrelated to the ratings. These
      data suggest that within the sydrome of depression, increased FFA is realated to
      anxiety, decreased glucose utilization is related to motor retardation, emotional
      withdrawal, and blunt affect, and that decreased FFA and HGH responsiveness to
      insulin is a nonspecific correlate of the general depressive syndrome.

PMID- 1194912
TI  - Isolation of hydrophobic poteins binding amino acids: gamma-aminobutyric acid
      binding in the rat cerebral cortex.

PMID- 1194913
TI  - The effect of a low protein diet and exogenous insulin on brain tryptophan and
      its metabolites in the weanling rat.

PMID- 1194914
TI  - Effects of amino-oxyacetic acid, ethanolamine-O-sulphate and GABA on the contents
      of GABA and various amines in brain slices.

PMID- 1194915
TI  - In vivo inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by L-methionine-RS
      sulfoximine; influence on intermediates of the gamma-glutamyl cycle.

PMID- 1194916
TI  - In vivo studies on the metabolism of [15,16-3H]tetracosanoic acid (lignoceric
      acid) in adult rat brain.

PMID- 1194917
TI  - Subcellular localization and properties of a cholinergic receptor isolated from
      housefly heads.

PMID- 1194918
TI  - Effect of extrinsic denervation on endogenous noradrenaline and (3H)noradrenaline
      uptake in the guinea-pig colon.

PMID- 1194919
TI  - Fractionation of specific mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tRNAs obtained from calf
      brain.

PMID- 1194920
TI  - Developmental changes in the kinetics of gamma-aminobutyric acid transport by
      chick retina.

PMID- 1194921
TI  - The disposition of [24-3H]cerebrosterol in developing rat brain.

PMID- 1194922
TI  - Lowered monoamine oxidase activity in brains from alcoholic suicides.

PMID- 1194923
TI  - Effect of electrical stimulation and chlorpromazine on the uptake and release of
      taurine, gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid in mouse brain synaptosomes.

PMID- 1194924
TI  - Long-term effects of teflutixol on the synthesis and endogenous levels of mouse
      brain catecholamines.

PMID- 1194925
TI  - The incorporation of radioactive amino acids into brain subcellular proteins
      during training.

PMID- 1194926
TI  - Metabolism of the protein moiety of brain glycoproteins.

PMID- 1194927
TI  - Isolation of metabolically active capillaries from rat brain.

PMID- 1194928
TI  - 6,7-Dihydroxytetrahydroisoquinoline: evidence for in vivo inhibition of
      intraneuronal monoamine oxidase.

PMID- 1194929
TI  - Carboxypeptidase activity in developing rat brain.

PMID- 1194930
TI  - Experimental necrosis and arrest of proliferation of Schwann cells by cytosine
      arabinoside.
AB  - In developing rat cervical sympathetic trunks, Schwann cells proliferate
      intensely during the first week after birth but axonal populations do not
      increase. Thus, experimental inhibition of DNA synthesis should affect Schwann
      cells and spare axons whose cell bodies are not dividing. The present
      investigation was aimed at determining the effects of an inhibitor of DNA
      synthesis-cytosine arabinoside (ara-C)--on axons and Schwann cells in developing
      nerves. Ara-C (60 mg kg(-1) body weight) was injected subcutaneously to newborn
      rats every six hours for 36 hours. At intervals from 2--4 days of age, animals
      were given tritiated thymidine (4 muCi per gram body weight) to label Schwann
      cells in synthesis phase. One hour later rats were killed by systemic perfusion
      of phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Cervical sympathetic trunks (CST's) and
      sciatic nerves were removed and processed for radioautography and electron
      microscopy (EM). Labelled and unlabelled Schwann cell nuclei were counted to
      determine the labelling index (LI%) for each nerve. By the end of ara-C treatment
      there was almost complete absence of labelling but LI's rose sharply 24 hours
      after discontinuing ara-C. By EM axons appeared normal; Schwann cells, however,
      showed prominent nuclear and cytoplasmic changes consisting of nuclear
      degeneration, dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and increased cytoplasmic
      density. Ara-C, by suppressing proliferation and causing necrosis of Schwann
      cells but sparing axons, results in a developmental alteration of axon-Schwann
      cell relationships. It is suggested that the pathogenetic mechanism involves an
      inbalance in DNA/RNA synthesis metabolism.

PMID- 1194931
TI  - Synaptic membrane structure in Torpedo electric organ.
AB  - The innervated and noninnervated membranes of Torpedo electrocytes have been
      examined by electron microscopy of thin-sectioned and freeze-fractured specimens.
      The ventral innervated membrane is approximately 120 A thick and is characterized
      by an unusually broad outer dense lamina (approximately 60 A) in which a granular
      substructure can be resolved. The granules are approximately 70 A in diameter and
      are spaced irregularly. The same membrane specialization was noted in a previous
      study of amphibian myoneural junctions, and it was proposed then that the
      granular elements represent ACh receptor molecules. The morphologically
      equivalent structures presumably have the same significance in the Torpedo
      electric organ. However, in this case the specialized membrane covers the entire
      innervated surface, leading to the conclusion that high concentrations of
      receptors occur normally in extrajunctional as well as post-junctional regions of
      the innervated membrane of the electrocyte. In replicas of freeze-fractured
      specimens, the A face of this membrane is covered with large particles having the
      same distribution and approximate concentration as the granules visible in thin
      sections, indicating that the granules visible at the outer surface of the
      membrane extend at least into the hydrophobic middle layer of the membrane. The
      cytoplasmic surface of this membrane has an amorphous coating into which
      'decorated' cytoplasmic filaments insert. Synaptic vesicle and axon terminal
      membranes also contain granules visible in thin sections but with a much sparser
      distribution. These probably correspond to the intramembranous particles seen in
      freeze-fractured specimens. Vesicles are occasionally attached to the axolemma by
      thin linear strands.

PMID- 1194932
TI  - Electron microscopy of synaptic structures in olfactory cortex of early postnatal
      rats.
AB  - Layer 1 of the rat olfactory cortex has been studied with the electron microscope
      at birth and at several consecutive postnatal days up to 14 days of age. Special
      attention was directed towards synaptic structures and axons of the lateral
      olfactory tract (LOT). Numerous mature synapses are seen at birth and estimates
      were made of their subsequent increase in number. In addition, immature synapses
      are seen and mature postsynaptic sites occur with atypical, partial, multiple or
      no contact. The findings suggest: (1) considerable prenatal synaptogenesis in
      contrast to other cortical systems; (2) the maturation of the postsynaptic site
      may precede that of the presynaptic contact and vesicle accumulation; (3) there
      may be competition by more than one process for one postsynaptic specialization;
      (4) the non-innervated sites may result from deafferentation caused by prenatal
      cell death, although no degeneration was seen, and the atypical contacts may be a
      stage in the reinnervation of these sites; (5) the LOT develops in parallel with
      the synaptic neuropil and (6) by 14 days of age the area closely resembles adult
      tissue.

PMID- 1194933
TI  - The "future trends" in neurosurgery are here. The 1975 AANS presidential address.
AB  - The President of The American Association of Neurological Surgeons discusses the
      three major problems of his year in office -- medical education, neurosurgical
      manpower, and professional medical liability -- and the attempts that are being
      made to solve them.

PMID- 1194934
TI  - Cerebral hemorrhage following heart surgery.
AB  - The authors report a study of the problem of intracranial hemorrhage in 16
      children following cardiac surgery, four studied clinically, and 12 by postmortem
      pathological review. Eleven children sustained subdural hematomas of varying
      sizes, one had a massive extradural clot, and four had intracerebral clots. The
      pre-, intra-, and postoperative data of these 16 patients are presented, but the
      specific factors causing the intracranial hemorrhage remain unexplained. The
      neurological course was similar to that of patients with an intracranial space
      occupying lesion, and fundamental neurosurgical management principles for the
      treatment of this potentially reversible process should be observed.

PMID- 1194935
TI  - Neurogenic control of cerebral blood flow in the baboon.
AB  - Cerebral chemical vasomotor reactivity and autoregulation were tested in normal
      baboons before and after the intravenous or intravertebral infusion of atropine
      sulfate (0.02 mg/kg). Atropine did not appreciably effect autoregulatory
      response, but intravertebral injection suppressed the increase of cerebral blood
      flow (CBF) by inhalation of 5% CO2 and enhanced the decrease of CEF induced by
      hyperventilation. These changes produced by intravertebral injection of atropine
      were not observed after intravenous injection. Since the vertebrobasilar arterial
      system supplies the brain stem and diencephalon, this suggests that a central
      vasodilator tonus of the cerebral vessels is maintained by the innervation of the
      cerebral vessels by cholinegic neurons which have their central origin in the
      brain sterm and diencephalic area.

PMID- 1194937
TI  - Regional cerebral blood flow studies following superficial temporal-middle
      cerebral artery anastomosis.
AB  - Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies were performed during the
      postoperative period on 16 patients with internal carotid occlusions and
      inaccessible stenoses, and middle cerebral artery occlusion and stenoses, who
      underwent superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA)
      anastomoses. The intra-arterial xenon method with selective application of the
      xenon bolus through the internal carotid and the newly established superficial
      temporal channel has allowed comparison of the flow provided by the pathological
      input with flow through the new input. The results show that initial rCBF (rCBF1)
      was globally reduced in all patients to a mean of 28.4 +/- 11.9 ml/100 gm/min at
      a mean pCO2 of 29.6 +/- 9.55 mm Hg. Patients with transient ischemic attacks
      (TIA) and minor strokes with minimal residua (RIND) had a mean rCBF1 of 30.4 +/-
      11.6 ml/100 gm/min at a mean pCO2 of 30 +/- 10 mm Hg, while patients with
      completed strokes had a mean rCBF1 of 25.0 +/- 12.4 ml/100 gm/min at a mean pCO2
      of 29.1 +/- 8.8 mm Hg. There was no significant difference between these two
      groups. This finding suggests that in this small group of patients with TIA's and
      RIND's, the cause of the stroke is probably related more to decreased perfusion
      than embolus, and may explain why these patients' symptoms improve after STA-MCA
      anastomosis. The results of this study suggest that in addition to an
      inaccessible lesion, global or focal decreased rCBF is a necessary criterion in
      the definition of indications for intracranial revascularization procedures.

PMID- 1194936
TI  - Central cholinergic control of cerebral blood flow in the baboon. Effect of
      cholinesterase inhibition with neostigmine on autoregulation and CO2
      responsiveness.
AB  - Cerebral autoregulation and vastomotor responsiveness to carbon dioxide (CO2)
      were measured quantitatively by the use of the autoregulation index and chemical
      index, respectively, in normal baboons before and after intravertebral and
      intracarotid infusion of the anticholinesterase agent, neostigmine methylsufate
      (Prostigmin). Continuous measurements were made of cerebral blood flow (measured
      as bilateral internal jugular venous outflow), arterial and cerebral venous pO2
      and pCO2, cerebral arteriovenous oxygen differences, and endotracheal CO2. The
      effect of intravertebral infusion of neostigmine (12.5 mug/kg body weight) was
      compared to intravertebral infusion of neostigmine (25 mug/kg body weight) for
      assessment of any specific action of the drug on a hypothetical cholinergic
      vasomotor center, presumed to be located in the territory of the vertebrobasilar
      supply. No significant or persistent changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and
      cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) followed either intravertebral or
      intracarotid infusion of neostigmine. Cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) and
      cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), however, decreased significantly after
      intravertebral infusion. Cerebral autoregulatory vasoconstriction during
      increases of CCP was significantly reduced following both intravertebral and
      intracarotid infusion. Cerebral autoregulatory vasodilatation was not altered as
      CPP was lowered. Cerebral vasodilatory reactivity to CO2 inhalation was
      significantly enhanced following intravertebral neostigime but not following
      intracarotid neostigmine. Cerebral vasoconstrictive response to hyperventilation
      was not influenced by neostigmine. These results support the view that central
      cholinergic cerebrovascular influences exist, and are vasodilatory in nature.

PMID- 1194938
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics and wound infections following laminectomy for lumber
      disc herniation.
AB  - The authors review 531 consecutive operations for lumbar disc herniation
      performed on 496 patients by one neurosurgeon to determine the effect of
      prophylactic antibiotics upon postoperative wound infections. In this
      retrospective analysis 16 instances of sepsis were found, 11 considered to be
      major and five minor. In the 128 cases in which no antibacterial agents were
      given, 11 major and 1 minor infection occurred. Four minor infections developed
      in the 402 occasions when antibiotics were given in the perioperative period. Men
      had a significantly greater risk of developing infection than women. These data
      suggest that pre- and postoperative antibiotic therapy directed at a narrow
      spectrum of microorganisms reduced the incidence of significant wound infections
      in patients undergoing laminectomy for lumbar disc herniation.

PMID- 1194939
TI  - Management of cervical spinal cord trauma in Southern California.
AB  - Acute cervical spinal cord injuries were reviewed in 356 patients treated by the
      neurosurgical community in Southern California. Neurological recovery was
      compared in operated and nonoperated patients with complete and incomplete
      cervical myelopathies. The complications of nonsurgical and surgical therapy are
      identified. No neurological improvement was noted in any patient with a complete
      lesion who underwent early surgical decompression. In those with incomplete
      sensorimotor paralysis, it was difficult to document any effect of surgical
      decompression on neurological recovery. Patients with some degree of sensory
      preservation had a similar incidence of motor recovery in both surgical and
      nonsurgical groups. With complete sensorimotor paralysis, anterior cervical
      fusion within the first week of injury was associated with increased pulmonary
      morbidity.

PMID- 1194940
TI  - Electrospinogram and spinal and cortical evoked potentials in experimental spinal
      cord trauma.
AB  - Studies in 28 traumatized cats showed the following acute changes after spinal
      cord compression in the cord segment below the trauma: 1) increase in size of the
      spinal cord evoked potential; 2) increase in size of the electrospinogram; and 3)
      increase in frequency of the electrospinogram.

PMID- 1194941
TI  - Infiltrative potentiality of brain tumors in organ culture.
AB  - The invasive potential of 15 brain tumors (seven meningiomas, and eight
      astrocytomas) as studied in cultures with Gelfoam used as a substrate. A three
      stage system is introduced to classify in vitro invasiveness according to the
      depth of Gelfoam infiltration after 2 weeks' culture. This system proved to be
      simple and accurate. Meningiomas revealed greater activity in culture as compared
      to astrocytomas and infiltrated deeper into the Gelfoam. Dura mater explants were
      placed next to the culture of the tumors to study their interaction. Dura mater
      acted as a relatively strong barrier against tumor cell invasion in culture. In
      the majority of the explants, tumor cells revealed either contact arrest or
      spread underneath the dura and rarely spread over it. Tumor cells were seen
      infiltrating the dural explants in three cases, all of which were meningiomas.

PMID- 1194942
TI  - Cervical spondylolysis with spondylolisthesis. Case report.
AB  - The authors describe as case in which cervical spondylolysis was found at
      multiple levels with spondylolisthesis and associated neurological deficits.
      Radiographic findings with the absence of history of trauma suggest a congenital
      etiology.

PMID- 1194943
TI  - Ventriculo-orbital fistula in closed head injury. Case report.
AB  - A ventriculo-orbital fistula developing as a result of closed head injury
      produced intraorbital compression symptoms including downward deviation of the
      globe and inability of upward gaze. Percutaneous injection of Conray clearly
      demonstrated the fustula, which was successfully closed by frontal craniotomy.

PMID- 1194944
TI  - Ependymal cyst of the spinal cord. Case report.
AB  - A case with extramedullary ependymal cyst of the spinal cord is presented. The
      clinical, operative, and pathological findings are discussed and a review of
      previous cases and a nosologic classification of ependymal lined cysts given.

PMID- 1194946
TI  - Vasospastic dystrophy of the hand. Case report.
AB  - The author reports a patient with a history of left arm pain and wasting of the
      hand who had absent radial and ulnar pulses. Sympathectomy restored the arterial
      circulation to the hand with nearly complete return of function.

PMID- 1194945
TI  - Malignant teratoma arising within a lipomeningocele. Case report.
AB  - The authors report the case of an 11-year-old, neurologically normal girl,
      followed since birth for lipomeningocele, who developed a malignant teratoma
      within the lymbosacral lesion and presented with metastases to the lungs and
      groin. This rare occurrence is discussed from an embryological and management
      viewpoint.

PMID- 1194948
TI  - Percutaneous lumboperitoneal shunt. Technical note.
AB  - The authors describe a new catheter for use in percutaneous lumboperitoneal
      shunting, designed to overcome the problem of kinking. They present their
      experience with the catheter in 14 patients.

PMID- 1194947
TI  - Enlargement of an arteriovenous malformation documented by angiography. Case
      report.
AB  - The authors present a case in which an enlarging arteriovenous malformation was
      documented angiographically. Enlargement of the malformation concurrent with the
      appearence of basilar artery insufficiency was ascribed to a sump effect (steal)
      by the arteriovenous shunt.

PMID- 1194949
TI  - Transsphenoidal selective anterior hypophysectomy in cats for microsurgical
      training. Technical note.
AB  - A technique for selective anterior hypophysectomy along a transsphenoidal route
      in the cat is described in detail. This operation is valuable for advanced
      microneurosurgical training.

PMID- 1194950
TI  - Utilization of the radionuclide cardiac angiogram for determination of cardiac
      output and ejection fraction.

PMID- 1194951
TI  - Focal and generalized hepatic lesions: a comparison of liver scans with anatomic
      and histologic findings.

PMID- 1194952
TI  - On the similarity of alkaline earths metabolism and 67ga accumulation by liver as
      revealed by acute thioacetamide intoxication.

PMID- 1194953
TI  - Hepatic uptake of asialoglycoproteins in vivo: quantification using a dual
      isotope technique.

PMID- 1194954
TI  - A comparison of in vitro methods in the assessment of thyroid status.

PMID- 1194955
TI  - Hepatic scintigraphic defect in viral hepatitis.

PMID- 1194956
TI  - Results of a comparative study on insulin radioimmunoassay in 36 Italian
      laboratories.

PMID- 1194957
TI  - Diagnostic value of renal imaging incidental to bone scintigraphy with 99mTc
      phosphate compounds.
AB  - An assessment of the sensitivity and reliability of renal images obtained
      incidentally to bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-phosphate compounds is reported, and
      certain patterns of abnormalities associated with those renal images are
      described. Renal images in 119 bone scintigrams were reviewed and correlated
      retrospectively with radiographic procedures done within 2 weeks of the bone
      images. The detection rate for renal abnormalities was 97.4%; the "false
      positive" rate was 8.6% and the "false-negative" rate was 2.6%. Abnormal renal
      images were categorized as (A) nonvisualization of one kidney (13 cases), (B)
      asymmetric uptake (11 cases), (C) focal decreased uptake (4 cases), (D) bilateral
      decreased uptake (6 cases), (E) focal increased uptake (4 cases), And (F)
      miscellaneous (6 cases). The first three categories were always associated with
      renal abnormalities. Bilaterally decreased uptake and focal increased uptake were
      not reliable in detecting disease. Extensive metastatic carcinoma of the prostate
      was noted in three of four patients with bilateral decreased uptake and normal
      intravenous pyelography. We conclude that renal imaging incidental to bone
      scintigraphy with phosphate compounds is a valuable diagnostic test. An
      understanding of the different patterns of abnormalities described should improve
      the overall reliability of the test.

PMID- 1194958
TI  - The Gamut approach to scintigram interpretation--diagnostic aid and teaching
      method.
AB  - A Gamut is defined as a complete list of anything. As utilized here, it indicates
      a complete list of the possible causes of a particular scintigram finding. The
      procedure for developing a Gamut is discussed, ant its use as a tool for
      instructing residents in nuclear medicine is described. Sample Gamuts are
      presented and the Gamut approach to scintigram differential diagnosis is
      described.

PMID- 1194959
TI  - Increased 99mTc-polyphosphate muscle uptake in a patient with polymyositis: case
      report.
AB  - A patient with well-documented rheumatoid arthritis and polymyositis displayed
      abnormal muscle uptake of 99mTc-polyphosphate during routine bone scanning for
      occult malignancy. The regions of increased uptake corresponded to the areas of
      clinically active inflammatory muscle disease. On serial scans the degree of
      muscle labeling correlated well with both clinical and laboratory indices of
      disease activity.

PMID- 1194960
TI  - Liver-spleen scintiscan in kala-azar: case report.
AB  - Massive splenomegaly was found in a liver-spleen scan in a young man from Greece.
      Kala-azar was suggested as a possible cause and was confirmed by culturing
      Leishmania donovani from the bone marrow aspirate. The differential diagnosis of
      massive splenomegaly should include kala-azar when a patient has been in an
      endemic area.

PMID- 1194961
TI  - Technetium-99m-sulfur colloid and pertechnetate blood pool scans in hepatic veno
      occlusive disease: case report.
AB  - A liver scan on a patient with biopsy-proven hepatic veno-occlusive disease
      showed multiple areas of decreased sulfur colloid uptake which were not perfused
      on the blood pool phase of a pertechnetate bolus study.

PMID- 1194962
TI  - Identification of an infected pseudocyst of the pancreas with 67Ga-citrate: case
      report.
AB  - A case in which the preoperative diagnosis of an infected pseudocyst of the
      pancreas was made by 67Ga-citrate scanning is reported. Other approaches to the
      diagnosis of pancreatic pseudocysts are reviewed.

PMID- 1194963
TI  - Accessory thyroid in the anterior mediastinum: case report.
AB  - A case of accessory thyroid in the anterior mediastinum, physically separated
      from the thyroid gland, is reported. The mediastinal thyroid was incidentally
      discovered during the preoperative evaluation of a patient with breast carcinoma.
      The extreme rarity of the case is outlined.

PMID- 1194964
TI  - Technetium-99m-labeled stannous imidodiphosphate, a new radiodiagnostic agent for
      bone scanning: comparison with other 99mTc complexes.
AB  - Imidodiphosphate (IDP) is an analog of pyrophosphate and diphosphonate, with a P
      N-P bond instead of P-O-P or P-C-P. We have labeled IDP with 99mTc quantitatively
      (98%) using stannous ions as the reducing/complexing agent in a freeze-dried kit
      form. Radiobioassay of this compound was carried out in rabbits and the results
      were compared with those of eight other Tc-labeled bone-imaging agents, using the
      performance of simultaneously administered 85Sr as a reference standard. The
      99mTc-IDP concentrated 20% higher in the bone, and its soft-tissue and blood
      levels were lower than with 85Sr. By comparison, the concentrations in the bone
      of the other 99mTc agents were 20% less than that of 85Sr. Regarding blood
      levels, Tc-IDP performed worse than the Tc-diphosphonate but better than the
      pyrophosphate and the other technetium complexes. Scintillation camera images of
      99mTc-IDP in both rabbits and dogs showed excellent details of the skeleton. In a
      preliminary human study, images with 99mTc-IDP were somewhat inferior to those
      comparably procured with 99Tc-methylene diphosphonate, but count rates with the
      IDP complex were about twice those with the MDP compound. Because of its better
      bone uptake, however, it is suggested that 99mTc-IDP may be clinically useful in
      spite of its relatively slow blood clearance.

PMID- 1194965
TI  - Time course of 99mTc(Sn)-tetracycline uptake in experimental acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - The relative concentration of 99mTc(Sn)-tetracycline in infarcted myocardium was
      determined as a function of time after coronary artery occlusion in mongrel dogs.
      The concentration ratio (infarct-to-normal myocardium) was highest within the
      first 2 days after occlusion (6.7 +/- 0.5 at 1 day and 8.0 +/- 1.6 at 2 days). By
      1 week after occlusion the ratio had fallen to 1.9 +/- 0.2. In the region of
      infarction, the concentration of 99mTc(Sn)-tetracycline was homogeneously
      distributed across the inner three-quraters of the myocardial wall; the outer
      quarter of the wall had substantially lower concentrations during the first 5
      days after infarction. The present study confirms the observation suggested in
      initial investigations in man that scintigraphy performed with 99mTc(Sn)
      tetracycline will distinguish between acute and chronic myocardial infarctions.

PMID- 1194966
TI  - Concentration of dopamine analogs in the adrenal medulla.
AB  - Seven labeled sulfonanilide analogs of dipamine were synthesized and their tissue
      distribution in rats were determined as a function of time. The
      methanesulfonanilide derivative, NP-27, showed significant uptake and retention
      in the rat adrenal, with 0.66% dose/gm at 5 min and 0.27% dose/gm at 24 h. The 24
      hr target-to-nontarget concentration ratios for the adrenal versus liver, blood,
      kidney, and heart were 13, 27, 30, and 60, respectively. These results compared
      reasonably with the corresponding target-to-nontarget ratios of 23, 45, 8, and 15
      obtained for 14C-dopamine. The six other analogs showed considerably less uptake
      and retention. Further evaluation of NP-27 in dogs indicated selective uptake in
      the adrenal medulla.

PMID- 1194967
TI  - Converging collimation and a large-field-of-view scintillation camera.
AB  - Three low-energy multihole converging collimators were evaluated in reference to
      accepted imaging parameters using a prototype large-field-of-view scintillation
      camera. A substantial improvement in resolution and/or sensitivity with depth was
      observed. Because of the large detector, the inherent reduction in field size due
      to convergence was not detrimental to satisfactory imaging of most target
      volumes. Such collimation should prove to be of significant clinical value.

PMID- 1194969
TI  - Analytical study of a high-resolution positron ring detector system for
      transaxial reconstruction tomography.
AB  - This paper presents an analytical study of a high-resolution positron ring
      detector system for transaxial reconstruction tomography. Our goal is a
      combination of good spatial resolution, high sensitivity, rejection of scattered
      photons, variable section thickness, and the minimization of the number of
      photomultipliers and coincidence circuits. A circular ring of 288 NaI(Tl)
      crystals 0.8 cm wide should provide a resolution of 4--7 mm FWHM over a circular
      region 30 cm in diameter. Coded light pipes permit readout using only 72
      photomultipliers and 12 coincidence circuits. With properly designed shielding
      and an energy resolution of 30% FWHM, a positron activity of 200 muCi per axial
      centimeter in a 20-cm-diam cylinder of tissue should provide approximately 7,000
      events/sex from a 2-cm-thick transaxial section (including a 5% accidental
      coincident background and a 26% scattered coincident background). This rate is
      adequate for both static and dynamic imaging. The device can operate at two to
      three times higher event rates with increased backgrounds.

PMID- 1194968
TI  - Clinical efficacy of a large-field-of-view scintillation camera.
AB  - In evaluating the clinical application of a prototype large-field-of-view
      scintillation camera, a significant increase in the quality of static and cynamic
      images was observed. With parallel-hole collimation, imaging time for large areas
      was reduced by more than 50% and a marked enhancement in resolution and
      sensitivity of lung images occurred in relation to those obtained with diverging
      collimation on a conventional camera. Using converging collimation, the prototype
      camera produced images of brain and other organs with considerably better depth
      response than comparative studies performed with standard size cameras. These
      results demonstrate that further clinically relevant improvement in scintillation
      camera performance is possible.

PMID- 1194970
TI  - Positron ranges obtained from biomedically important positron-emitting
      radionuclides.
AB  - Positron ranges were obtained experimentally for several nuclides used in
      scintigraphic imaging. The nuclides examined were 13C, 13N, 15O, 18F, 68Ga, and
      82Rb. The results are discussed with respect to the ultimate spatial resolution
      obrained in a scintigraphic image.

PMID- 1194971
TI  - Iron-induced enhancement of 67Ga uptake in a model human leukocyte culture
      system.
AB  - The addition of iron, either as Fe dextran or FeCl3, to leukocyte tissue culture
      medium (containing 20% fetal calf serum) significantly increased the cellular
      accumulation of subsequently added 67Ga-citrate. This effect of iron was dose
      related and decreased, after the initial increase, with increasing concentrations
      of elemental iron. There was a significant negative correlation (P less than
      0.025) between the concentrations of gallium and iron in the medium indicating
      competition between the two elements for the same serum binding sites. Although
      it is not yet justified to begin clinical trials, these experiments suggest the
      possibility that prior administration of iron may increase the usefulness of 67Ga
      scanning for the diagnosis of neoplasms or abscesses. Further testing of this
      hypothesis in animals with such lesions would seem indicated.

PMID- 1194972
TI  - Indium-113m perfusion study and the nonfunctioning thyroid nodule.
AB  - Indium-113m eluate has been used to study the perfusion of 12 patients with
      solitary thyroid nodules that appeared "cold" in the 131I and 99mTc image
      studies. Seven patients with colloid nodules showed no perfusion and the
      remaining five (three adenomas and two carcinomas) showed good perfusion with
      indium. Histologic confirmation was obtained in all cases. Indium-113m perfusion
      study may be useful in differentiating colloid nodules from either adenomas or
      carcinomas.

PMID- 1194973
TI  - Modification of a rectilinear scanner to improve 67Ga scans.
AB  - A simple and inexpensive electrical modification of the pulse-height analyzers of
      the Ohio-Nuclear Model 84FD rectilinear scanner, which allows the use of wide
      pulse-height intervals, is described. The modified instrument is applied to 67Ga
      scanning, in which the increase acceptance of gamma rays produces scans of
      increased count density and improved image quality.

PMID- 1194974
TI  - Simple and efficient system for fast interchange of low-energy collimators.
AB  - The inconvenience and time required for changing collimators on a scinticamera
      are major problems in the efficient use of the apparatus. A system is described,
      based on the lightweight, reversible DIVCON collimator made by Searle
      Radiographics for the Pho/Gamma camera that solves this problem. The core of a
      straight-bore, low-energy collimator is adapted to fit the DIVCON outer ring and
      a low-energy pinhole collimator is constructed to fit the same mounting system.
      Finally, an adapter using a bayonet-mount slot system is added to make collimator
      changing by hand possible in a minute or less.

PMID- 1194975
TI  - A calibrated dose dispenser for gaseous 133Xe.
AB  - A device that permits accurate dispensing of individual doses of 133Xe from
      multicurie ampuls is described. The advantages include economy, flexibility in
      dose selection, and radiologic safety.

PMID- 1194976
TI  - Simplified method for determining the modulation transfer function for the
      scintillation camera.
AB  - The modulation transfer function (MTF) has long been accepted as an index of
      scintillation camera system resolution, but the technique necessary for the
      derivation of the MTF has discouraged its widespread acceptance because of its
      tedious and time-consuming nature. We have shown that the generation of LSFs for
      input into computer programs for MTF generation can be accomplished very easily
      and in short periods of time by using a simplified method. Establishment of the
      validity of this simplified procedure should contribute to more widespread
      utilization of the MTF in routine quality control programs as a check for crystal
      deterioration, electronic circuitry degradation, and/or collimator damage.

PMID- 1194977
TI  - Letter: Accuracy of liver scintiscanning.

PMID- 1194978
TI  - Letter: Cellular site of secretion of 99mTcO4 in the stomach--a controversial
      point.

PMID- 1194979
TI  - Letter: Splenic uptake of 111In.

PMID- 1194980
TI  - Letter: Performance of scintillation cameras.

PMID- 1194981
TI  - Letter: Simple method for zero extrapolation in plasma volume determination.

PMID- 1194983
TI  - MIRD/Dose Estimate Repart No. 7. Summary of current radiation dose estimates to
      humans from 123I, 124I, 126I, 130I, and 131I as sodium rose bengal.

PMID- 1194982
TI  - Letter: Some differences between 87mSr and 99mTc-polyphosphate in their secretion
      in the serous fluids.

PMID- 1194984
TI  - Technetium-99m-human fibrinogen.
AB  - Exogenous fibrinogen has been successfully labeled with 99mTc using a modified
      electrolytic method. The exact labeling mechanism has not been determined.
      Experimental data suggest that the labeling process of 99mTc-fibrinogen is quite
      similar to that of 99mTc-human serum albumin as reported earlier by Benjamin.
      Technetium-99m-fibrinogen is stable in human plasma or in 1% buffered human serum
      albumin. A binding efficiency of 76% has been achieved with approximately 25%
      clottable protein. The entire labeling procedure requires less than 1 hr of
      preparation time. This short labeling time in a closed system may allow
      development of a practical method for labeling autologous fibrinogen, thus
      eliminating the risk of hepatitis transmission.

PMID- 1194985
TI  - Calculation of relative weights for nuclear medicine procedures.
AB  - Relative weights for nuclear medicine procedures have been assigned previously on
      the basis of subjective estimates of resources expended. Thus, ultimate values
      frequently have not reflected time and cost of personnel and equipment
      accurately. Based on computerized data collected on over 8,000 patients, we have
      attempted to calculate relative weights more objectively by analyzing the
      following parameters: (A) physician time; (B) technologist time; (C) nurse (or
      aide) time; (D) equipment time and depreciation; and (E) radiopharmaceutical
      cost, or cost equivalent. Most major organ scans were found to have quite similar
      values whereas procedures with low ratings on previous value schedules were found
      to have high relative values when analyzed objectively.

PMID- 1194986
TI  - Comparison of 99mTc complexes for renal imaging.
AB  - The distribution of 17 different agents for renal imaging was compared in the
      rabbit by organ radioassay at 1 hr. Similarly, 99mTc complexes of iron-ascorbate,
      glucoheptonate (GHA) and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMS), and 203Hg
      chlormerodrin were compared in the dog. The distribution of 99mTc-GHA and DMS was
      assessed in the human by blood and urinary clearance, external renal
      measurements, and scintillation camera imaging, and compared with older renal
      radiopharmaceuticals. Radiation dose estimates, based chiefly on human data, were
      calculated. Technetium-99m-DMS reaches a high concentration in the renal cortex
      and its urinary excretion rate and blood clearance are slow. It is excellent for
      imaging the renal parenchyma without activity in pelvocalyceal collecting system.
      However, it readily oxidizes and must be used within 30 min of preparation. The
      biologic distribution of 99mTc-GHA is similar to gluconate and iron-ascorbate
      complex. Its renal concentration is not as great as that of DMS but its blood and
      urinary clearances are much faster, resulting in lower radiation doses to most
      organs. Early camera images with this agent usually demonstrate both the renal
      parenchyma and collecting system. In later images, ther is excellent
      demonstration of the parenchyma alone, superior to that obtained with 99mTc-Sn
      DTPA. It is a very stable complex and may be used for at least 5 hr after
      preparation. All radioactive renal agents examined to date have a significant
      concentration in the liver, making an accurate quantitative comparison between
      the two kidneys difficult.

PMID- 1194987
TI  - Technique for producing cardiac radionuclide motion images.
AB  - Sequential frames of different portions of the cardiac cycle are gated into a
      minicomputer by using an EKG signal recorded onto digital tape simultaneously
      with imaging information. Serial display of these frames on the computer
      oscilloscope or projection of 35-mm half frames of these images provides a
      cardiac motion image with information content adequate for qualitatively
      assessing cardiac motion.

PMID- 1194989
TI  - The effect of contrast lymphangiography on localization of 67Ga-citrate.
AB  - Oily lymphangiographic contrast material introduced prior to total-body 67Ga
      citrate scanning may be responsible for accumulation of the radionuclide within
      the lungs. The possibility of false-positive examinations suggests caution in the
      interpretation of the scan which evidences this finding. When possible, gallium
      scintiscans should be scheduled prior to contrast lymphangiography.

PMID- 1194988
TI  - Fibrinogen uptake by thrombi: effect of thrombus age.
AB  - The uptake of radiolabeled fibrinogen in canine thrombi was determined at varying
      times after thrombus induction by electric current. The greatest thrombus/blood
      ratio was achieved when fibrinogen was administered 4 hr after thrombus induction
      but definite thrombus fibrinogen uptake was still observed when the tracer was
      administered up to 72 hr after thrombus induction. There was continued fibrinogen
      accumulation despite a decrease in weight of older thrombi suggesting that net
      thrombus propagation is not necessary for labeled fibrinogen uptake. Our results
      suggest that the fibrinogen uptake test may be useful for the diagnosis of deep
      vein thrombosis for several days after the onset of thrombosis.

PMID- 1194990
TI  - Uptake of a colloid in rat liver following intravenous intrasplenic and
      intramesenteric injection.
AB  - Intramesenteric and intrasplenic injections of 99mTc-sulfur colloid in the rat
      resulted in significant differences between the mean uptakes in only some of the
      liver lobes. More important were the wider interlobular variations seen in the
      intrasplenic and intramesenteric routes of injection compared with the
      intravenous route. It is suggested that these differences result from laminar
      blood flow in the portal vein. In the light of our findings, previous evidence
      must be considered inconclusive. Laminar flow appears to vary between individual
      animals and may also vary from time to time in the same animal. Caution is
      therefore advised when other than systemic routes of injection are used.

PMID- 1194991
TI  - In vivo assessment of liver size in the rat.
AB  - In vivo assessment of liver mass in the rat was achieved using several parameters
      obtained by scintigraphy, including one computed using a Nuclear Data 50:50
      analysis system. All correlated well with the directly measured liver weight. The
      simplest parameter, the area of the anterior view measured from the Polaroid
      scintigraph, was therefore the one preferred. The results so obtained were
      compared with those derived from the relationship between liver and body weights.
      It is suggested that this accurate in vivo measurement of liver mass is of value
      in the study of the pathophysiology of this organ.

PMID- 1194992
TI  - NUMEDICS: a system for on-line data processing in nuclear medicine.
AB  - A multiterminal system --NUMEDICS--has been developed to study the problems of on
      line acquisition, processing, and display of scintigraphic data. The hardware
      software configuration of NUMEDICS permits simultaneous and independent operation
      of terminals in the Division of Nuclear Medicine, the Physics Research
      Laboratory, and the Cyclotron Laboratory of the Massachusetts General Hospital.
      This paper describes the hardware and software developments in NUMEDICS which
      have been proven to be of value in clinical and research applications. These
      features are illustrated by applications to the evaluation of left ventricular
      performance, three-dimensional imaging, and functional imaging of rCBF.

PMID- 1194993
TI  - Autologous radioiodinated fibrinogen, simplified.
AB  - A method for the rapid preparation of radioiodinated autologous fibrinogen has
      been improved. Plasma is separated from cells by a single centrifugation.
      Fibrinogen is isolated in two salting-out steps at a 1:4 dilution of plasma and
      22.5% saturated ammonium sulfate. Iodination is accomplished with chloramine T at
      a chloramine T-to-fibrinogen molar ratio of 12:1. Free iodide is removed by a
      single dilution and salting-out step at 29% saturated ammonium sulfate.
      Preparation time is about 1 hr; clottable radioactivity is 90-95%. Denaturation
      due to storage is undetectable at 6 weeks. Advantages of this procedure are (A) a
      short preparation time and (B) a purified autologous radioiodinated fibrinogen
      preparation.

PMID- 1194994
TI  - Digital tomographic imaging with time-modulated pseudorandom coded aperture and
      Anger camera.
AB  - The properties of a time-modulated pseudorandom coded aperture with digital
      reconstruction are compared with those of conventional collimators used in gamma
      ray imaging. The theory of this coded aperture is given and the signal-to-noise
      ratio in an element of the reconstructed image is shown to depend on the entire
      source distribution. Experimental results with a preliminary 4 X 4-cm
      pseudorandom coded aperture and an Anger camera are presented. These results
      include phantom and human thyroid images and tomographic images of a rat bone
      scan. The experimental realization of the theoretical advantages of the time
      modulated coded aperture gives reason for continuing the clinical implementation
      and further development of the method.

PMID- 1194995
TI  - A general method for labeling proteins with 11C.
AB  - A method for labeling proteins with 11C has been developed. The method consists
      of adding 11C-formaldehyde (derived from 11CO2 by catalytic oxidation of 11C
      methanol) to a buffered protein solution, followed by reduction of the resulting
      formaldehyde-protein adduct with aliquots of sodium borohydride. Separation of
      the desired product is achieved simply and efficiently using high-speed liquid
      chromatography or, in the case of fibrinogen, by ammonium sulfate precipitation.
      This mild technique leads to high yields of labeled protein and is adaptable to
      the labeling of proteins and peptides or other molecules which contain a free
      amino group and which are stable at pH 8.

PMID- 1194996
TI  - A comparison of 82Rb+ and 13NH3 for myocardial positron scintigraphy.
AB  - Rubidium-82 (75-sec half-life) is eluted from a 82Sr (25-day half-life) generator
      and infused into phantom and dog to show that it gives images of myocardial
      accumulation comparable to 13N-ammonia with the positron camera.

PMID- 1194997
TI  - An unusual cause of "doughnut" sign in brain scanning.
AB  - The "doughnut" sign in brain scanning was originally described in association
      with certain mass lesions having central necrotic, cystic, or avascular areas. A
      case in which this pattern occurred as a result of a superficial lesion, a large
      cephalhematoma, is presented.

PMID- 1194998
TI  - Production of cerebrospinal fluid leak artifact by residual 99mTc-pertechnetate.
AB  - Residual oropharyngeal 99mTc activity was detected on an 111In-DTPA cisternogram
      creating the appearance of a CSF leak. This can be prevented by employing a
      spectrometer setting that encompasses only the higher principal photopeak of
      111In.

PMID- 1194999
TI  - Letter: Radionuclide venography.

PMID- 1195001
TI  - Letter: Simple construction of a lead-bar pattern.

PMID- 1195000
TI  - Letter: Lung retention of 99mTc-sulfur colloid.

PMID- 1195002
TI  - Letter: Radiation synovectomy with 32P-chromic phosphate.

PMID- 1195003
TI  - Letter: Uptake of 67Ga in space-occupying lesions in the liver.

PMID- 1195004
TI  - Effects of pyridoxine deficiency on the composition of plasma and liver fatty
      acids in rats fed low and high fat diets.
AB  - A study was made of the effect of pyridoxine deficiency on the fatty acids of
      liver and plasma in rats fed diets containing 1, 10, or 20% fat. Both ad libitum
      fed and pair-fed control rats were used. In pyridoxine deficiency, arachidonic
      acid decreased with a concomitant increase in linoleic acid. Incubation of liver
      slices with [1-14C]acetate showed no significant alteration of fatty acid
      synthesis in pyridoxine-deficient rats fed 1 or 10% fat when compared with the ad
      libitum-fed control rats, but revealed a marked increase in cholesterogenesis
      compared with either control group. Incubations with [1-14C]linoleate resulted in
      no differences in the synthesis of arachidonate between the experimental and the
      ad libitum-fed control rats. Incubations with [5,6,8,9,11,12,14,15
      3H]arachidonate showed decreased incorporation of this fatty acid in total liver
      lipids in pyridoxine-deficient rats compared with ad libitum fed control rats. We
      concluded that the diminution in arachidonate observed in liver lipids of
      pyridoxine-deficient rats does not result from a lower conversion of linoleate
      into arachidonate, but possibly from an increased degradation of this fatty acid.

PMID- 1195005
TI  - Ammonia intoxication: a hazard during rehabilitation of protein-deprived rats.
AB  - The ammonia tolerance of weanling rats raised for 3 to 6 weeks on a protein
      deficient diet was compared with that of a group of age-matched control animals
      raised from weaning on an optimal protein diet. The groups were challenged with a
      nitrogen load of either ammonium chloride or amino acids. The results of the
      loading studies indicate that severe protein deprivation increases vulnerability
      to ammonia poisoning. These observations suggest that ammonia-induced coma may
      pose a significant hazard during the initial intravenous rehabilitation of
      malnourished subjects, if replenishment is undertaken too vigorously.

PMID- 1195006
TI  - Effects of amino acid imbalance and protein content of diets on food intake and
      preference of young, adult, and diabetic rats.
AB  - Effects of histidine or methionine imbalance and dietary levels (3-50%) of casein
      on food intake and preference of young, adult, and diabetic (2.5 month old) rats
      were examined. Depressions in food intake and growth caused by ingestion of the
      imbalanced diet were greatest in young rats and least or absent in diabetic rats.
      Alloxan diabetes induced hyperphagia and elevated concentrations of plasma
      branched-chain amino acids and decreased concentrations of tryptophan and
      tyrosine. The diabetic rats fed the imbalanced diet for 9 days had a higher
      concentration of the limiting amino acid in the plasma than the adult normal rats
      fed the same diet. The diabetic rats preferred the imbalanced diet over a protein
      free diet when they were fed these diets concurrently. Ingestion of the
      imbalanced diet by normal rats caused greater changes in plasma and brain amino
      acid patterns than did the protein-free diet. Unlike the diabetic rats, the
      normal rats, especially the young rats, strongly preferred the protein-free diet
      over the imbalanced diet. The normal rats also preferred a 10% casein diet
      supplemented with L-methionine over a low or high casein diet. It seemed that
      young rats were able to select a protein diet that supported maximal growth when
      proportions of dietary amino acids were balanced. It also seemed that the
      susceptibility of the rats to amino acid imbalance varied directly with the
      status of overall protein synthesis of the animals.

PMID- 1195007
TI  - Food intake regulation in the weanling rat: effects of the most limiting
      essential amino acids of gluten, casein, and zein on the self-selection of
      protein and energy.
AB  - The effects of altering the quality of the dietary protein source on the self
      selection of protein and energy by the weanling rat simultaneously offered a
      choice of two diets differing only in protein concentration were tested. The
      protein-energy selected was measured when the first limiting amino acid lysine
      was added to gluten; when lysine, methionine, or the first four limiting amino
      acids were added to gluten or to casein; or when the nutritional quality of zein
      was altered by manipulation of the content of tryptophan, lysine, or the four
      most limiting amino acids. The additions of lysine to gluten caused a decrease in
      the protein-energy selected and an increase in growth rate of the weanling rat.
      However, improving the amino acid balance of casein or zein did not have this
      effect. It was concluded that the selection of protein and energy by weanling
      rats is not related to the nutritional quality of the protein fed.

PMID- 1195008
TI  - Correlation between the plasma tryptophan to neutral amino acid ratio and protein
      intake in the self-selecting weanling rat.
AB  - The relationship between changes in blood plasma amino acids and the quantity of
      protein and energy self-selected by the weanling rat, simultaneously offered two
      diets varying only in protein concentration, was examined. The changes in the
      quantity of protein and energy consumed by the rats, which were brought about by
      the addition of the essential limiting amino acids and groups of essential amino
      acids to gluten, casein, and zein, were not linearly related to alterations in
      the total plasma amino acid concentrations or to the accumulation of the added
      amino acids in the blood plasma. However a consistent relationship between food
      intake and plasma acids was identified when the plasma tryptophan to neutral
      amino acid ratio was correlated with the protein intake selected. It is
      postulated that the ratio of tryptophan to neutral amino acids in the plasma is
      involved in, or reflects, a mechanism regulating protein intake.

PMID- 1195009
TI  - Effects of high carbohydrate, high fat, or high protein diets on glucose
      oxidation by isolated intestinal epithelial cells of the chick.
AB  - A parallel study of 3-O-methyl glucose transport by everted intestinal sacs and
      [U-14C]glucose oxidation by isolated, dispersed intestinal cells was done in
      chicks (1) adapted to a high carbohydrate (HC), high fat (HF), or high protein
      (HP) diet for 2 weeks or (2) fasted up to 5 days. HF and HP diets significantly
      decreased both serosal : mucosal (S : M) distribution ratios of 3-O-methyl
      glucose by everted sacs and glucose oxidation by dispersed cells. The effects
      were more pronounced in HF diet-fed chicks. Fasting signficiantly increased the S
      : M ratio throughout a 5-day fasting period, whereas glucose oxidation was
      increased after a 1-day fast and was decreased after a 5-day fast. Feeding HC
      diet for 1 week to chicks adapted to HF diet restored both functions to control
      levels. Refeeding fasted chicks for 3 days also restored S : M ratio to control
      levels. Histological examination of tissues from various treatment groups
      revealed no obvious morphological differences. The results suggest that the
      functional changes described represent adaptive changes at the cellular level and
      that these changes are readily reversible.

PMID- 1195010
TI  - Relative importance of the two major pathways for the conversion of cysteine to
      glucose in the perfused rat liver.
AB  - The effects of dietary treatments and substrate availability on the rate of
      gluconeogenesis from L-cysteine has been investigated in the perfused rat liver.
      At an optimal concentration (10 mM) of [U-14C]cysteine, after 40 minutes, 3.9% of
      the label appeared in glucose. This corresponded to 90% of the net glucose coming
      from cysteine. Cysteine was then shown to be converted to glucose at a
      physiological concentration of substrate (0.1 mM) as well as at the optimal
      concentration. After 40 minutes of perfusion with 0.1 mM [U-14C]cysteine as the
      substrate, livers of 72-hour starved rats incorporated 1.7% of the label into
      glucose, and livers of rats perfused without prior starvation incorporated 0.53%
      of the label into glucose. This suggested that cysteine was glucogenic at optimal
      and physiological concentrations of cysteine in both fed and starved rats. To
      determine which, if either, of the two suggested pathways for the conversion of
      cysteine to glucose was quantitatively more important, livers were perfused with
      [U-14C]cysteine alone or with [U-14C]cysteine plus cysteine sulfinic acid. The
      addition of cysteine sulfinate (10 mM) reduced the incorporation of 14C from
      cysteine into glucose from 3.9 to 2.7%. This suggested that one-third of the
      cysteine to glucose proceeded via the cysteine sulfinate-dependent pathway.

PMID- 1195011
TI  - Zinc deficiency during the latter third of pregnancy: effects on fetal rat brain,
      liver, and placenta.
AB  - The effects of zinc deficiency during the last third of gestation on the growth
      and development of the fetal rat at term were investigated. Zinc deficiency
      resulted in anorexia and weight loss of the pregnant dams. Fetuses from such dams
      displayed intrauterine growth retardation when compared with fetuses from pair
      fed or ad libitum-fed controls given adequate zinc. Although the brains of the
      zinc-deficient fetuses were smaller than those of the controls, the brain was
      relatively spared while the liver was severely affected. The total cell number
      was reduced and there was an apparent increase in cell size in the brains of zinc
      deficient fetuses in comparison with the brains of the controls. The growth
      failure of the zinc-deficient liver resulted in a smaller complement of total
      DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid, and there was less incorporation of [3H]thymidine
      into DNA in the liver. The placenta appeared to be only marginally affected by
      the zinc deficiency.

PMID- 1195012
TI  - Effects of zinc deficiency on the oxidation of retinol and ethanol in rats.
AB  - The zinc metalloenzyme alcohol dehydrogenase was assayed in subcellular fractions
      of liver and retina from zinc-deficient and control rats using retinol and
      ethanol as substrates. When the zinc concentrations of these tissues were reduced
      because of feeding inadequate dietary zinc, alcohol dehydrogenase was
      significantly lowered, and the retinol-retinal as well as the ethanol
      ethyladehyde conversion was significantly reduced. While in older rats no changes
      occurred in liver zinc and alcohol dehydrogenase, the retina was more sensitive
      to the lack of dietary zinc than the liver. Young rats nursed by zinc-deficient
      dams showed the most severe changes in both tissues. The data suggest that zinc
      deficiency affects the utilization of vitamin A as well as the catabolism of
      ethanol.

PMID- 1195013
TI  - Protection against zinc deficiency by prior excess dietary zinc in young Japanese
      quail.
AB  - Three experiments were designed to determine whether an excess of zinc during the
      first week of life would afford any protection to young Japanese quail during a
      subsequent period of zinc deprivation. Day-old birds of both sexes were fed an
      adequate purified diet containing soybean protein with requirement (25-30 mg/kg
      of diet) or higher levels of zinc for 1 week. The zinc level was reduced during
      the second week to the deficient level of 1mg/kg of diet, except for the controls
      which continued to receive an adequate or higher level of zinc (25, 30 or 75
      mg/kg of diet). With this low zinc intake, birds that received an initial level
      of zinc in excess of requirement grew significantly better (body weight and
      length of primary wing feathers) than those that initially received the required
      amount of zinc. Data on zinc content of liver, breast muscle, tibia and whole
      body retention suggest that bone may store zinc consumed in excess of requirement
      and that this zinc may be available for utilization during a subsequent period of
      zinc deprivation in a growing animal that has rapidly remodeling bones.

PMID- 1195014
TI  - Metabolism and biological activity of cis- and trans-phylloquinone in the rat.
AB  - The separation of sufficient cis and trans forms of vitamin K for feeding and
      metabolic studies was accomplished on silica gel columns eluted with solvent
      containing n-butyl ether. The lack of biological activity of the cis isomer of
      phylloquinone was observed. The cis isomer was retained longer in liver,
      particularly in mitochondria, but had low retention in that portion of the
      endoplasmic reticulum isolated as the rough membrane fraction. The cis isomer of
      phylloquinone was a poor substrate for 2,3-epoxidation in vivo and in vitro.
      These data are consistent with the hypothesis that epoxidation of vitamin K is
      coupled to the biological activity of the vitamin, and that microsomes are the
      site of metabolism and function of vitamin K.

PMID- 1195015
TI  - Energy wastage in rats given drugs that induce microsomal enzymes.
AB  - Metabolic efficiency was studied in rats given drugs known to induce hepatic
      microsomal enzymes. The presence of an increased metabolic rate was indicated by
      increases in oxygen consumption under various experimental conditions and by
      changes in body weight. The latter was not accounted for by increased losses of
      energy in excreta. The results support the hypothesis that hepatic microsomal
      enzyme induction can significantly alter the body's metabolic efficiency.

PMID- 1195016
TI  - Effects of some nutritional deficiencies on parturition in rats.
AB  - Relation of food consumption to stress at parturition in rats was investigated in
      three experiments. (1) Females receiving a low thiamin intake during gestation
      were compared with those receiving a low zinc intake and those receiving either a
      restricted or ad libitum food intake with adequate zinc. Litter size was reduced
      in the low thiamin group. Malformed offspring were noted in the other three
      groups. Little stress at parturition was evident in any of the groups. Serum
      progesterone concentrations on day 18 were elevated in all three experimental
      groups relative to ad libitum controls. Urinary hydroxyproline in females with
      low zinc intakes did not differ from that in ad libitum controls. (2) A 5%
      protein diet increased food intake only slightly in females with low zinc intake
      and resulted in death at the end of gestation. (3) Force feeding of pregnant
      females was unsuccessful, but results with females given the low zinc diet or
      restricted amounts of the diet plus zinc supported results obtained in the other
      two experiments. The possibility that stress at parturition was related to the
      ability of the females to make normal hemodynamic adjustments to pregnancy is
      discussed.

PMID- 1195017
TI  - Calcium kinetics in the Solanum malacoxylon-treated rat.
AB  - The chronic ingestion of the leaves of the plant Solanum malacoxylon (SM) causes
      an endemic disease in the cattle of some areas of Buenos Aires province. The
      animals affected manifest loss of appetite and weight, hypercalcemia,
      hyperphosphatemia, and ectopic calcifications. In order to study the mechanism of
      the hypercalcemia provoked by the administration of SM, a calcium kinetic study
      was performed in control and treated adult intact rats. The animals receiving SM
      showed higher levels of serum calcium throughout the study. The body excretion of
      47Ca and the size of the most rapidly exchangeable calcium pool were also
      elevated. On the other hand, the bone accretion rate and the urinary excretion of
      total hydroxyproline were significantly diminished. The results indicate that
      during the early phase of SM administration in intact rats, bone turnover rate is
      depressed.

PMID- 1195018
TI  - Cardiac structure and function in vitamin B-12-deprived rats.
AB  - The effect of prolonged vitamin B-12 deprivation in rats on the histological
      structure of heart and on cardiac linoleic acid oxidation has been investigated.
      Offspring from pregnant females fed vitamin B-12-deficient diets were fed the
      deprivation diet for up to 16 months, and the development of B-12 deficiency was
      monitored by determination of urinary methylmalonic acid levels. These levels
      averaged 4.2 mg/day by 9 months of B-12-deprivation diet, and 142 mg/day after 16
      months. The hearts of these animals were characterized by extensive fibrosis, and
      electron microscopy revealed cardiac mitochondria that were grossly enlarged and
      distorted. The metabolic defect of B-12 deprivation in heart muscle was
      determined in isolated hearts during recirculating perfusion of labeled propionic
      acid. Both the uptake and oxidation of propionic acid were markedly reduced in
      hearts from B-12-deprived rats (16 months) compared with controls, and the site
      of the metabolic block, i.e., accumulation of labeled methylmalonate, was
      established. Vitamin B-12 deprivation did not affect the extraction of
      recirculating labeled linoleic acid by perfused hearts, in contrast to the effect
      on propionic extraction. Furthermore, the oxidation of the extracted fatty acid
      was markedly increased over controls. Analysis of the circulating media after 45
      minute perfusions showed no accumulation of labeled methylmalonate but did
      contain significantly less succinate than perfusion media from control hearts.
      The results are discussed with respect to cardiac structure and to the oxidative
      pathway(s) for polyunsaturated fatty acids.

PMID- 1195019
TI  - Labile nitrogen reserves in the ruminant. Metabolic changes in growing cattle
      employing a nitrogen depletion-repletion treatment.
AB  - A metabolism study was conducted in which eight growing steers were subjected to
      a nitrogen (N) depletion-repletion regime. Three consecutive time periods were
      used to standardize, to deplete, and to replete body N. Diets fed in the
      respective periods provided by analysis 6 and 16% protein equivalent,
      respectively, from corn gluten or urea. Metabolic parameters were monitored
      during weeks 3 and 5 of standardization, weeks 1, 3, and 5 of depletion, and
      weeks 1 through 7 of repletion. Growth-rate trends started to deviate downward
      from linearity during the last 2 weeks of depletion; a trend that was not
      reversed until week 3 of repletion. Apparently digested N was defined by
      regression equations in which truly digested N was 94 and 83% of ingested N and
      metabolic fecal N totaled 0.64 and 0.48 g N/100 g ingested dry matter for corn
      gluten and urea N, respectively. The relationship between total urinary N losses
      and truly digested N was determined in which biological value equaled 60 and
      endogenous urinary N losses totaled 0.34 g N/kg0.60/day (equivalent to 0.040 g
      N/kg/day). Retained N decreased from 1.09 g during standardization to 0.16
      g/kg0.60/day after 1 week of depletion. A subsequent improvement in retained N to
      0.36 g in week 3 was followed by a decrease to 0.19 g/kg0.60/day after week 5 of
      depletion. In repletion, lowest and highest retained N occurred during weeks 1
      and 4. Changes in retained N were produced by changes in urinary urea N
      excretion. Ammonia N accounted for 20, 21, and 24% of the total urinary N voided
      during standardization, depletion, and repletion. Except for urinary urea N
      losses that were greater and inversely related to fecal losses in urea-fed
      steers, dietary N source did not influence the excretion of ammonia, creatinine,
      or residual N.

PMID- 1195020
TI  - Labile nitrogen reserves and plasma nitrogen fractions in growing cattle.
AB  - The existence and magnitude of labile nitrogen (N) reserves were studied in
      growing cattle using a dietary N depletion-repletion technique. Blood parameters
      and urinary N excretion patterns were monitored. Blood hematocrit (Ht) did not
      respond to reduced ingested N until after week 3 of depletion at which time it
      began to fall. About 3 weeks of repletion regime was required before Ht values
      increased again. Plasma protein and albumin decreased from 6.05 and 2.70 g during
      standardization to 5.44 and 2.44 g/100 ml after 5 weeks of depletion and did not
      approach predepletion levels until week 6 of repletion. Plasma urea N decreased
      from 16 mg in standardization to 0.08 mg/100 ml in depletion and required 3 weeks
      of repletion treatment to attain a peak of 18 mg/100 ml. Labile N reserves were
      determined by integrating the areas from total urinary N excretion curves
      obtained during depletion and repletion periods. On a live body weight basis
      labile N represented 5.6% of total body N. When computed on an empty body weight
      basis (does not include weight of gastrointestinal tract), labile N totalled
      6.0%. The magnitude of labile N stroes as a percentage of total body N was 44%
      greater in steers with a mean body weight of 280 kg compared with animals
      weighing 144 kg.

PMID- 1195021
TI  - Hepatic microsomal enzyme induction in rats fed varietal cauliflower leaves.
AB  - Leaves from a standard, insect-susceptible cauliflower variety and an insect
      resistant strain were formulated at either 10 or 25% into semipurified diets for
      male and female weanling rats. After 3 weeks, relative liver weights, microsomal
      protein, cytochrome P-450, and activities of hepatic microsomal aminopyrine N
      demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase, and N
      methylaniline N-demethylase were determined. Growth, feed intake, and feed
      efficiency of male rats were not affected by the inclusion of the dried
      cauliflower leaf in the diet. However, female rats exhibited a depressed feed
      intake and increased feed efficiency with cauliflower leaf supplemental diets.
      Relative liver weights increased with increasing percentage of cauliflower leaves
      in the diet. Hepatic microsomal enzyme response to cauliflower leaf
      supplementation of the diet was greater in males than in females. Only aniline
      hydroxylase activity remained unchanged by the test diets. Male rats showed
      significant increases in N- and O-demethylation with both the 10 and 25%
      cauliflower diets, and increased values for microsomal protein and cytochrome P
      450 at the 25% supplemental level. Female rats did not show significant hepatic
      microsomal induction from cauliflower leaf consumption at the 10% level. However,
      cytochrome P-450 and the metabolism of aminopyrine and p-nitroanisole were
      enhanced by consumption of cauliflower leaves at 25% of their diet. None of the
      parameters tested in this study evidenced a difference between the two
      cauliflower cultivars fed to either sex.

PMID- 1195022
TI  - Nickel deficiency and nickel-rhodium interaction in chicks.
AB  - Nickel deficiency was produced in chicks under near optimal growth conditions.
      This judgment is based on the finding that chicks fed the experimental diet
      supplemented with nickel had a very satisfactory growth rate, over 600 g in 4
      weeks. To induce nickel deficiency, chicks were raised in plastic cages located
      inside plastic isolators and were fed diets (containing 2-15 ng of nickel/g)
      based on dried skim milk, acid-washed ground corn, EDTA-extracted soy protein,
      and corn oil. In 2 experiments, controls were fed 3 mug of nickel/g as NiCl2
      6H2O. In experiment 3, instead of 1 control group 25, 50, 250, and 2,500 ng/g of
      supplemental dietary nickel as NiCl2-6H2O were each given to separate groups of
      chicks. Nickel deprivation resulted in: ultrastructural changes in the liver with
      the most obvious abnormality in the organization of the rough endoplasmic
      reticulum; altered gross appearance, reduced oxidative ability, and decreased
      lipid phosphorus in the liver; altered shank skin pigmentation that was
      associated with a decrease in yellow lipochrome pigments; and lower hematocrits.
      Deficiency also tended to increase the thickness of the legs and size of the
      hock; decrease the length:width ratios of the tibias and femurs; and decrease the
      plasma cholesterol. None of the signs of deficiency were seen in chicks fed diets
      containing at least 52 ng of nickel/g. In one experiment, a group of birds was
      fed 50 mug of rhodium/g of diet as (ClRh(NH3)5)SO4 to ascertain whether rhodium
      is a metabolic antagonist of nickel. Supplemental rhodium increased the
      hematocrits and liver oxidative ability of both nickel-deficient and 
      supplemented chicks, and increased total liver lipids, liver lipid phosphorus,
      and liver cholesterol in the nickel-deficient chicks alone. Rhodium did not
      increase the signs of nickel deficiency.

PMID- 1195023
TI  - Nickel deficiency in rats.
AB  - Nickel deficiency was produced in rats fed diet (containing 2-15 ng of mickel/g)
      based on dried skim mile, acid-washed ground corn, EDTA-extracted soy protein,
      and corn oil. Controls were fed a supplemental 3 mug of nickel/g of diet as NiCl2
      6H2O. The rats were raised in plastic cages located inside laminar flow racks.
      Nickel deprivation resulted in several consistent pathological findings. These
      included: (1) increased perinatal mortality, (2) unthriftiness in young rats
      characterized by a rough coat and/or uneven hair development, (3) altered gross
      appearance (color) of the liver, (4) increased rate of alpha-glycerophosphate
      oxidation by liver homogenates, (5) decreased liver cholesterol, and (6)
      ultrastructural changes in the liver with the most obvious difference in the
      amount and organization of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Nickel deficiency in
      rats tended to decrease growth, hematocrits, and liver total lipids and
      phospholipids.

PMID- 1195024
TI  - Letter: Spirit of OSHA omitted.

PMID- 1195025
TI  - The validity of preemployment medical evaluations.
AB  - A protocol is described to determine whether a medical preemployment evaluation
      can be predictive for attendance or work performance. In addition, the dollar
      benefit and the cost of such a program is assessed. The present analysis is based
      on 4,936 men and women, who were processed as prospective hires into non
      hazardous job assignments. A medical preemployment evaluation was performed on
      all applicants, identifying factors which could influence attendance or work
      performance. Sixty-nine per cent of the examined applicants were hired. During
      the employment process, all applicants were randomly assigned to a control or
      trial group. Those in the trial group were hired by the employment office without
      knowledge of the results of the medical preemployment evaluation, whereas these
      results were fully disclosed for applicants in the control group. Three months
      after hire, supervisors answered a detailed questionnaire relating to absence and
      work performance for each hire. No differences were identified between control
      and trial groups for overall job performance, appropriateness of the job match
      and work force losses. A small but significant difference, on the other hand, was
      identified for sickness absence in the trial group between medical evaluation
      category A (normal risk) and category R (increased risk identified). Omission of
      a preemployment medical evaluation, as simulated by the trial group, increased
      the absence cost for the company by $2.30 per year for each new hire. Compared to
      a $17.50 cost per preemployment health evaluation, the average length of service
      of new hires would have to exceed 7.6 years to realize a dollar benefit from the
      medical examination. Examinations performed on applicants who were never hired
      further increases the cost of a medical preemployment examination program.

PMID- 1195026
TI  - Near-maximal ECG stress testing and coronary artery disease risk factor analysis
      in Los Angeles City fire fighters.
AB  - Near-maximal ECG stress testing and coronary artery disease risk factor analysis
      including blood pressure, serum cholesterol and smoking habits were conducted on
      a randomly selected group (N=90) of Los Angeles City Fire Fighters ranging in age
      from 40 to 59 yrs. The data obtained from the fire fighters were compared to data
      previously reported for a group of Los Angeles insurance underwriters of the same
      age range. Only 12% of the fire fighters had cholesterol values greater than 260
      mg% while 18% of the insurance executives fell into this category. Only 2% of the
      fire fighters had blood pressure values greater than 160/90 mm Hg while 25% of
      the insurance executives were hypertensive. Thirty-two percent of the fire
      fighters were smokers at the time of testing as compared to 26% for the insurance
      executives. Only one fire fighter had all three risk factors elevated and only
      five had two risk factors elevated. Forty-seven of the fire fighters had no risk
      factors elevated. Ten percent of the fire fighters had ischemic stress tests as
      compared to 8% for the insurance executives. Of the nine fire fighters with
      ischemic stress tests one was hypertensive, one had elevated serum triglycerides,
      and three were smokers at the time of testing. Since the fire fighters are a
      medically-selected population with low risk factors for CHD, the observed
      incidence of ischemic stress tests is surprising and suggests that ischemic heart
      disease may be job associated.

PMID- 1195027
TI  - Some physiological observations on French horn musicians.

PMID- 1195028
TI  - Professional counseling in a company with a broad dispersion of work locations.
AB  - Personal counseling by a well trained professional has been available to
      employees and their families in the Northwestern Bell Telephone Company in parts
      of the State of Iowa for five years. The service has been available on a
      voluntary basis at no charge at the work location. The program has been very
      successful when measured by the acceptance of the service by the empolyees and by
      the results of the counseling experience as evaluated by the counselor. The
      service has not been abused. The range of clinical problems presented fills the
      entire spectrum of case work. It is interesting that few of the problems are
      directly due to the work situation. There have been very few appointment
      cancellations, and most of the cases are closed as "improved". The program was
      started without a model and has developed slowly. The wide geographic dispersion
      of our employee work locations has added to the complexity of the program's
      management. We hope to extend this program of personal counseling to employees in
      other states in our company. We have demonstrated in Iowa that there is a need
      for this kind of service at the work location. We have shown that a counselor can
      be of service with credibility away from a medical department if organizational
      lines to the company medical department are clearly defined. Our humanity directs
      us to help our fellow man when he is troubled. Good management philosophy
      respects the need for physical and emotional health in the employee. A personal
      counseling program is in harmony with both of the philosophic principles.

PMID- 1195029
TI  - Immunoglobulins in workers with traumatic vasospastic disease.
AB  - Twenty-seven rockdrillers of whom 63% had symptoms of Traumatic Vasospastic
      Disease were examined. The concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM in serum were
      determined with immunoelectrophoresis. The immunoglobulins were found not to be
      significantly raised.

PMID- 1195030
TI  - IBM employee mortality--1971.

PMID- 1195031
TI  - Mortality factors in diabetes. A 20 year mortality study.
AB  - The life expectancy of well controlled diabetics has been considered to be
      approximately that of the normal individual. A 20 year prospective study of the
      mortality of diabetics who applied for life insurance to the Equitable Life
      Assurance Society did not confirm this. The study population comprised 10,538
      individuals with an average exposure of 7.9 years. During the period of the study
      1,478 deaths were recorded, giving a mortality ratio of 335%. Mortality decreased
      with increasing age at diagnosis of diabetes. Mortality increased with increasing
      duration of the disease. Mortality was lowest in cases treated by diet only.
      Mortality in cases with poor control was two and one-half times that of cases
      with good control. Albuminuria on examination was an extremely unfavorable
      prognostic factor. Hypertension had a particularly adverse effect on the diabetic
      as compared to the non-diabetic, especially at ages under 40.

PMID- 1195032
TI  - The physician's role in sickness absence certification: a reconsideration.

PMID- 1195034
TI  - Recommendations for a sulfuric acid standard. Further commentary.

PMID- 1195033
TI  - Recommendations for a sulfuric acid standard.

PMID- 1195036
TI  - Letter: measurement of metacontrast.

PMID- 1195035
TI  - Protective devices in a hearing conservation program. The rationale and
      justification of personal hearing protectors.

PMID- 1195037
TI  - Reliability of heart disease diagnoses.

PMID- 1195038
TI  - Renovascular hypertension.

PMID- 1195039
TI  - A synthesis and x-ray structure determination of the photoproducts of A
      homocholestan-3-one.

PMID- 1195040
TI  - Synthesis and C-25 chirality of 26-hydroxycholesterols.

PMID- 1195041
TI  - Sulfur-containing polypeptides. XVIII. Unambiguous synthesis of the parallel and
      antiparallel isomers of some bis-cystine peptides.

PMID- 1195042
TI  - Synthesis of 3,6-dideoxy-D-erythro-hexos-4-ulose (3,6-dideoxy-4-keto-D-glucose).

PMID- 1195043
TI  - Imidazo(1,2-c)pyrimidine nucleosides. Synthesis of N-bridgehead inosine
      monophosphate and guanosine monophosphate analogues related to 3-deazapurines.

PMID- 1195044
TI  - Reaction of 5-diazouracils with pyridines.

PMID- 1195045
TI  - Photolysis of 4,4-dimethylcholesta-1,5-dien-3-one.

PMID- 1195046
TI  - Synthesis in the pyrrolizidine class of alkaloids. dl-Supinidine.

PMID- 1195047
TI  - Improved sulfonate leaving groups for the displacement and elimination of 3beta
      hydroxy and 11 alpha-hydroxy steroids.

PMID- 1195048
TI  - Diagnostic problems in arteriovenous shunting in the leg. A case report.

PMID- 1195049
TI  - The roentgen diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.

PMID- 1195050
TI  - An electron-microscope study of the mode of cell death induced by cancer
      chemotherapeutic agents in populations of proliferating normal and neoplastic
      cells.
AB  - Deletion of scattered single cells by ultrastructurally typical apoptosis was
      observed to take place continuously in the lining of the small intestinal crypts
      of normal mice, and in untreated Crocker mouse ascites tumours. Injection of the
      cancer-chemotherapeutic agents actinomycin D, mitomycin C, cytosine arabinoside
      and cycloheximide massively enhanced the rate of apoptosis in each situation, the
      morphology of cell death induced by these drugs being fundamentally different
      from that of coagulative necrosis, which developed without treatment in the
      centres of solid nodules that grew after subcutaneous inoculation of the tumour.
      In the crypt lining, where the predominant cell type affected appeared to be
      epithelial, the apoptotic bodies were either extruded into the lumen or rapidly
      phagocytosed and degraded by adjacent viable cells. But bodies in the ascites
      tumour were rarely ingested by uninvolved cells, presumably because of their wide
      dispersal in a fluid medium, and the stages in their development were seen more
      clearly than has been possible in solid tissues, where phagocytosis is ususlly
      rapid: they eventually underwent a change resembling coagulative necrosis or in
      vitro autolysis. Reports suggesting that cancer-chemotherapeutic agents enhance
      autophagy in solid malignant neoplasms require confirmation, for secondary
      lysosomes of any sort were found to be uncommon in the treated ascites tumours,
      and there is little doubt that phagocytosed apoptotic bodies have been mistaken
      for autophagic vacuoles in the past. The significance of the fact that cancer
      chemotherapeutic agents induce a type of cell death that is found in normal
      tissues is at present unknown.

PMID- 1195051
TI  - The response of the newborn rat to injury. I. Vascular and humoral aspects.
AB  - The development of oedema in response to irritants injected into the skin, or
      pleural cavity of rats, has been shown to differ according to the age of rat
      studied. It was found that newborn rats were less responsive, with respect to
      oedema formation, at certain times after the injection of a particular irritant.
      Attempts to suppress the reactions of these animals using anti-histamines, anti
      serotonin and kinin-depleting agents were less successful than in adults.
      Analysis of serum, plasma and exudate proteins revealed quantitative and
      qualitative differences between newborn and adult rats. The ability of various
      agents to cause increased vascular permeability in the skin of newborn rats was
      found to vary with the age of animal studied. Thus histamine, 5
      hydroxytryptomine, cellulose sulphate and prostaglandin E2, all failed to cause
      increased vascular permeability in the skin of rats younger than 3 wk of age.
      However, lymph-node permeability factor induced increased vascular permeability
      in newborn (i.e., 6-hr-old) rats. An attempt was made to correlate these results
      with those of oedema formation following the infections of certain irritants.

PMID- 1195052
TI  - Studies of the responses of basophil and eosinophil leucocytes and mast cells to
      the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis. II. Changes in cell numbers
      following infection of thymectomised and adoptively or passively immunised guinea
      pigs.
AB  - The role of the immune response in the generation of the basophilia and
      eosinophilia found during expulsion of the intestinal nematode parasite,
      Trichostrongylus colubriformis, by guinea-pigs was investigated by studying cell
      numbers in animals whose immune responsiveness had been modified by thymectomy
      and adoptive or passive immunisation. Basophilia, but not eosinophilia, was
      depressed in thymectomised guinea-pigs. Bone marrow basophil numbers were
      significantly increased in T. colubriformis-infected guinea-pigs following the
      infection of mesenteric lymph-node cells from both normal and T. colubriformis
      immune syngeneic donors. Bone marrow basophil counts were also increased
      following the injection of immune lymph-node cells into uninfected recipients.
      Small intestine eosinophil numbers in adoptively immunised guinea-pigs showed a
      pronounced increase following infection with T. colubriformis. A smaller increase
      followed infection of passively immunised guinea-pigs. These results, and other
      work with this system, suggest that basophilia and eosinophilia during T.
      colubriformis infection, although associated with the immune response, might not
      be fully explained as direct consequences of the interaction of parasitic
      antigens and sensitised lymphocytes or antibodies.

PMID- 1195053
TI  - Gaucher's disease associated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, gout and
      carcinoma.
AB  - A case report of Gaucher's disease associated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
      is described in a patient with gout and carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. This the
      first reported case of Gaucher's disease associated with chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia.

PMID- 1195054
TI  - Neuroblastoma in the dog.
AB  - Two malignant canine tumours of peripheral neuronal tissue are described. A
      mediastinal neuroblastoma was found in a 15-mth-old Boston Terrier with dyspnoea.
      The tumour compressed adjacent lung and invaded the cervical spinal cord. A
      retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma was found in a 2-yr-old Labrador with posterior
      ataxia and atrophy of the muscles of the hind legs. This tumour surrounded
      adjacent adjacent soft tissues and invaded the overlying vertebrae.

PMID- 1195055
TI  - Primary epithelial tumour in the right atrium of the heart and inferior vena cava
      in NZR/gd inbred rats; pathology of 18 cases.
AB  - In NZR/Gd inbred albino rats, tumours occurred in the right atrium or inferior
      vena cava of approximately 20 per cent. of untreated animals, of both sexes, over
      the age of 1 yr. The tumours were centred in the wall of the right atrium in 15
      cases, and in the inferior vena cava in another three cases; they appeared to be
      primary in these sites. The tumours were slowly growing, but eventually
      malignant. Light- and electron-microscopic study showed the tumours were composed
      of epithelial alveoli imbedded in a collagenous connective tissue containing
      spindle cells and thin-walled blood capillaries. The epithelium varied from flat
      to low columnar, and often secreted mucoid material into the lumina, or sometimes
      into surrounding tissue. This tumour, for which the name atrio-caval epithelial
      mesothelioma is suggested, very closely resembles a rare epithelial tumour of the
      right atrium previously described in humans under a variety of names. An
      underlying embryological anomaly had been postulated in these tumours in humans,
      and the occurrence of pathologically similar lesions in high incidence in hearts
      of NZR/Gd inbred rats should help test the hypothesis of genetic and
      developmental causes in the genesis of this rare cardiac neoplasm.

PMID- 1195056
TI  - Mixed mesenchymal differentiation in meningiomas.
AB  - Five intracranial meningiomas showing mixed mesenchymal differentiation are
      described. Three contained cartilage, three contained bone, four contained
      hyaline fibrous strands or nodules which in two instances were calcified, three
      contained angiomatous areas, one contained pericytoma-like areas, four contained
      pleomorphic and sometimes multinucleate giant cells, and one contained a mucoid
      matrix including spheroidal cells superficially resembling chordoma. The
      importance of recognising such tumours is emphasised as they can be misdiagnosed
      as metastatic deposits, particularly in a frozen section.

PMID- 1195057
TI  - The pathology of elastase-induced panacinar emphysema in hamsters.
AB  - A single dose of crystalline, porcine pancreatic elastase injected
      intratracheally into hamsters induces widespread alveolar enlargement with
      subpleural bullae. A uniformly severe lesion is consistently induced by 0-2 mg
      elastase per 100 g body weight and with negligible mortality. Compared with
      controls, which showed no lesion, elastase-damaged lungs show a highly
      significant (P less than or equal to 0-001) increase in alveolar size and a
      decrease in internal surface area. Taken with the associated physiological
      abnormalities, these findings closely simulate human emphysema of the panlobular
      (panacinar) type. Histologically it appears that elastase converts the fine
      elastic fibres in alveolar walls and pleura into thickened, nodular fibres which
      may also be broken along their length. With higher doses of elastase, i.e., 0-5
      mg/100 g body weight, many pulmonary arteries showed segmental loss of inner and
      outer elastic laminae, usually with thrombosis on the overlying endothelium. The
      mechanism of this thrombosis is unclear. These experiments suggest that damage to
      elastic fibres may be an important element in the development of human panacinar
      emphysema, and that the damage could be one pathogenetic mechanism which produces
      damage of elastic fibres.

PMID- 1195058
TI  - Squamous metaplasia in the healing of chronic colonic ulcers of the rat.
AB  - Chronic ulcers of the rat colon were produced by a administering a 3 per cent.
      hydrogen peroxide enema. Twenty-three per cent. of the animals with chronic
      ulcers had areas of squamous metaplasia at the wound margins which in some cases
      covered the defect. Electron microscopy revealed some areas similar to epidermis
      with the four characteristic cell layers. The cells demonstrated many filaments,
      membrane-coated granules, keratohyalin granules and keratin. The cells were
      linked by complex of cytoplasmic bridges and frequent desmosomes. Basal cells
      often displayed large irregular nuclei with double nucleoli. Other areas
      demonstrated a grossly irregular surface with marked cellular pleomorphism and
      defects in the basement lamina. The incidence of squamous metaplasia and squamous
      cell carcinoma in the colon of man is discussed. The ultrastructural
      characteristics of squamous metaplasia in the trachea and bronchi is recorded and
      compared with those of the colon. It is suggested that as neoplasia has been
      observed to follow experimental metaplastic lesions in the bronchus, a similar
      ocurrence could take place in the colon as the squamous cells exhibited similar
      characteristics.

PMID- 1195059
TI  - Pulmonary oedema in rats given dehydromonocrotaline: a topographic and electron
      microscope study.
AB  - Study of cleared, histological and electron-microscope specimens shows that
      increased vascular permeability plays a major role in the formation of the
      pulmonary oedema and pleural effusions that occur in rats following the
      intravenous injection of a large dose of dehydromonocrotaline. There is a latent
      interval of 6-8 hr between injection of the dehydroalkaloid and the start of
      increased permeability which appears to be due to a direct damaging effect of the
      toxin on the endothelium of pulmonary capillaries and small venules. The
      endothelial injury does not cause permanent disruption of small blood vessels,
      and 2 days after injury all vessels are patent and lined by a complete layer of
      endothelium. Large numbers of mononuclear cells are present in the interstitial
      tissues of the lung 44 hr after injury. These cells appear to be emigrated blood
      monocytes but the cause of their emigration and their role in the subsequent
      progression of this type of injury to the lung are not clear.

PMID- 1195060
TI  - Localisation and pathology of Mortierella wolfii toxin in mice.
AB  - Using 125I labelled M. wolfii toxin the site of action in mice was shown to be
      the kidney. Autoradiographic studies revealed the label to be localised in the
      proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney, where there was a marked necrosis and
      degeneration of the epithelium causing the tubules to become considerably
      distended. Although the distal and collecting tubules maintained their integrity,
      many contained amorphous casts. An injected dose of 1 toxic unit (10 mug protein)
      was sufficient to produce damage to the kidney with subsequent anaemia, azotemia
      and albuminuria. Other organs appeared to be essentially normal and renal failure
      was the probable cause of death of mice.

PMID- 1195061
TI  - Periductal foam cells in benign mammary dysplasia.
AB  - The morphology and associations of periductal foam cells were studied in an
      unselected consecutive series of 576 lesions of benign mammary dysplasia.
      Periductal foam cells were found to all ages in 10-1 per cent. of the lesions.
      Their copious foamy cytoplasm, associations with giant cells and infiltrates of
      periductal small round cells, ochrocytes and colostrum cells suggest that they
      are macrophages. Mammary epithelium was often damaged at the site of periductal
      foam-cell infiltration.

PMID- 1195062
TI  - Sudden death in infancy in Inner North London.
AB  - All cases of sudden infant death occurring over a 2-yr period in Inner North
      London were subjected to pathological and sociological analysis, using detailed
      expert interviewing of the mother soon after the event by doctors and Health
      Visitors. Of the cases showing no cause of death at autopsy (Cot Death) the great
      majority were found subsequently to have microscopic pathology sufficient to
      cause death, mainly respiratory tract inflammation. In addition, the majority of
      the "Cot Death" group had a clinical history of illness and in many of these
      cases hindsight suggested that the quality of health care could have been
      improved. Only a small minority of sudden infant deaths were found to have no
      history of illness and no microscope pathology. The results suggest that most
      cases of sudden infant death may result from a combination of respiratory
      infection with either special physiological or special sociological factors.

PMID- 1195063
TI  - Rhinoptericola megacantha gen. et sp. n., representing a new family of
      Trypanorhynch cestodes from the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill 1815).

PMID- 1195064
TI  - Predation by Echinostome rediae upon Schistosome sporocysts in vitro.

PMID- 1195065
TI  - Cercaria anadarae sp. n. parasitizing a bivalve mollusc, Anadara brasiliana
      (Lamarck), from the northwest Gulf of Mexico.

PMID- 1195066
TI  - A new species of Urocleidus (Trematoda: Monogenea) from gills of the white perch,
      Morone americana (Gmelin).

PMID- 1195067
TI  - Trichuris bradleyi sp. n., a whipworm from Octodon degus in Chile.

PMID- 1195068
TI  - Comparative responses of radioattenuated Trypanosoma brucei and T. congolense in
      rats.

PMID- 1195069
TI  - Eimeria pelecani sp. n. from the brown pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis
      carolinensis, from Florida.

PMID- 1195070
TI  - Attenuation of Eimeria tenella through selection for precociousness.

PMID- 1195071
TI  - Physiological strains of the strigeoid Trematode, Posthodiplostomum minimum
      (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae).

PMID- 1195072
TI  - The maintenance of Schistosoma japonicum in the laboratory.

PMID- 1195073
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity responses of swine to Ascaris suum infection.

PMID- 1195074
TI  - Capillaria tridens (Dujardin 1845) Travassos 1915, from wild turkeys (Meleagris
      gallopavo) in the southeastern United States.

PMID- 1195075
TI  - Failure to confirm reported lethal effect of cytotoxic drugs on encapsulated
      Trichinella spiralis larvae in mice.

PMID- 1195076
TI  - Potential intermediate and paratenic hosts for Angiostrongylus cantonensis.

PMID- 1195077
TI  - Carbohydrate transport in Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala). I. The kinetics
      and specificity of hexose absorption.
AB  - The uptakes of 14C-glucose, -2-deoxyglucose, -mannose, -N-acetylglucosamine, -3-0
      methylglucose, -fructose, and -galactose by female Moniliformis dubius were
      nonlinear, saturable functions of hexose concentration. Kinetic and inhibition
      studies indicated that glucose and 2-deoxyglucose were absorbed via a single
      common transport locus. Mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, 3-0-methylglucose,
      fructose, and galactose (in decreasing order of effectiveness) inhibited the
      uptake of glucose in a completely competitive manner; their absorptions appeared
      to be mediated by the glucose transport locus and, to some degree, by one or more
      additional transport systems. Kinetic studies suggested that the apparent
      inhibitions of 14C-glucose uptake by maltose and glucose-6-phosphate were due to
      free glucose liberated through the action of surface hydrolases. The uptake of
      14C-glucose was also inhibited by salicin, alpha-methylglucoside, and beta
      methylglucoside, but not by pentoses, L-hexoses, sugar alcohols, disaccharides
      (except maltose), gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, phlorizin, or ouabain. Glucose
      uptake was not Na+-dependent.

PMID- 1195078
TI  - Host specificity and lack of hybridization of moniliformis clarki (Ward 1917)
      Chandler 1921 and Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser 1811) Travassos 1915.

PMID- 1195079
TI  - Morphological variation of Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser 1811) Travassos
      1915 and Moniliformis clarki (Ward 1917) Chandler 1921.
AB  - A two-way fixed model analysis of variance was used to test Moniliformis
      moniliformis and M. clarki for inter- and intraspecific differences with respect
      to 7 morphological characters used to distinguish species of the genus. M. clarki
      was sexually dimorphic in more characters than was M. moniliformis when specimens
      from their usual definitive hosts, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus and Rattus
      norvegicus, respectively, were compared. More characters were sexually dimorphic
      in both species reared in hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus, than in their usual
      definitive hosts or M. clarki from rats. Moniliformis clarki and M. moniliformis
      (n = 25 each sex, each species) from their usual hosts were significantly
      different at the 1% level in 6 of 7 characters studied. Further M. clarki of
      either sex from ground squirrels did not differ significantly in any of the 7
      characters from those of the same sex from rats. When reared in hamsters, the
      range in number of longitudinal rows of proboscis hooks of female M. moniliformis
      included that of M. clarki, but the 2 species were distinct in each of the other
      features which distinguished them in rats and ground squirrels.

PMID- 1195080
TI  - Sodium-sensitive nucleoside transport by Hymenolepis diminuta.

PMID- 1195081
TI  - Infants of mothers with a high and of mothers with a low insulin response to
      glucose infusion. Glucose tolerance, insulin response and clinical appearance
      during the early neonatal period.
AB  - Diabetic mothers affect their offspring during pregnancy, sometimes giving rise
      to the complete symptoms of diabetic fetopathia with the typical appearance of
      the child high birth weight, hyperinsulinism, etc. Some of these traits have also
      been reported to appear in the infants some time before the onset of diabetes in
      the mother, but no prospective study of infants born to truly prediabetic mothers
      has yet been reported. Thus it is not possible to say whether or not the
      previously reported effects are related to an undetected, subclinical diabetes in
      the mother. A prospective study of the insulin reponse to glucose during
      pregnancy [9] has been previously published, which included 11 women with a low
      insulin response to glucose infusion (GIT) - a prediabetic type of insulin
      response according to the definition of Cerasi and Luft [5] -  and a control
      group of 14 women with a high insulin response to glucose infusion. In the
      following the neonatal findings in these 13 infants of low insulin responders
      (ILR) aand 14 infants of high responders (IHR) are reported...

PMID- 1195082
TI  - The obstetric component of perinatal medicine.

PMID- 1195083
TI  - The scope of prenatal therapy in severe rhesus hemolytic disease.
AB  - Prenatal blood transfusion of a fetus established anemia due to rhesus hemolytic
      disease can be life saving. In Hamburg-Eppendorf 252 transfusions in 130 babies
      have so far been carried out. The success rate was 51%. Out of 39 babies who had
      ascites at the time of the first transfusion, 13 survived. The amount of ascites
      aspirated at the first transfusion correlates with the prognosis: The chance of
      producing a living and healthy child is greater when the amount of ascites is
      under 5 mls than when it is over 5 mls. Babies with amniotic fluid bilirubin
      values from 0.4 to 0.6 still have a good chance of survival, whereas the
      prospects of success with values over 0.6 are very small. The technical risk of
      prenatal transfusion before the 27th week amounts, according to our observations,
      to about 6%.

PMID- 1195084
TI  - Structural integration of perinatal medicine in future.

PMID- 1195085
TI  - Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in newborn infants after delivery and in the
      puerperium.
AB  - Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) activity increases progressively during
      pregnancy, returning to non-pregnant levels 6 weeks post-partum. This enzymatic
      activity is under the influence of placental steroid hormones, thus reflecting
      placental function. LAP activity is thus a reflection of the dynamic relations
      between estrogenic, progestational and corticoid activity during pregnancy. LAP
      activity was studied in 60 women and in their 61 newborn infants at delivery and
      during the first five days of the puerperium. The Kaplow cytochemical technique
      was employed. The average maternal LAP score as well as the average newborn
      infant LAP score was considerably higher than the LAP score of the normal adult.
      The level of the enzyme in the maternal granulocytes was significantly higher
      than that of the newborn (Tab. I). During the first five days after labor, there
      was progressive decrease in the LAP score in the maternal and the newborn blood;
      on the fifth day the LAP scores of both were only slightly above the normal adult
      score (Figs. 1, 2). An inverse relation between the LAP score and the birth
      weight of the infant was found (Tab. III). These results confirm the view that
      LAP activity in the fetus in utero, are dependent on placental steroid function.
      The lower LAP values in the newborn, as compared to those of the mother are
      probably dependent on the lower newborn hormone levels. The significance of the
      relation between LAP scores and the infants birth weight is not clear.

PMID- 1195086
TI  - The future structure of perinatology.

PMID- 1195087
TI  - Reward and purpose as incentives for children differing in locus of control
      expectancies.
AB  - The Intellectual Achievement Responsibility Questionnaire was used to classify
      248 fourth- and fifth-graders as internals, mediums, and externals on the
      internal-external locus of control personality dimension. Subjects were assigned
      to four treatment groups resulting from the manipulation of intrinsic (purpose
      vs. non purpose) and extrinsic (reward vs. no reward) motivational conditions and
      administered a coding task with number of figures coded as the dependent
      variable. An analysis of variance with IE, reward, purpose, sex, and grade as
      factors yielded significant purpose, sex, grade, and IE X Reward X Purpose
      effects. The performance of internals was found to be unaffected by motivational
      manipulations; purpose together with reward improved the performance of mediums:
      reward and purpose (individually and together) improved the performance of
      externals. Implications for future investigation of the IE construct and the
      social psychology of psychological research were discussed.

PMID- 1195088
TI  - False physiological feedback and persuasion: effect of fear arousal vs. fear
      reduction on attitude change.
AB  - Two experiments tested the hypothesis that increases in false physiological
      feedback of fear arousal will enhance persuasion and that reduction in the
      arousal feedback is unnecessary for increased persuasion to occur. Prior research
      has usually found a positive relation between level of arousal and persuasion,
      but support for the drive reduction hypothesis is tenuous. However, Harris and
      Jellison (1971) claimed support for such a hypothesis. They manipulated subjects'
      fear arousal cognitively via false physiological feedback while the subjects
      listened to a persuasive communication. The present experiments used a similar
      procedure in an attempt to test an "arousal only" against an "arousal reduction"
      hypothesis. Subjects listened to a persuasive speech while receiving false
      feedback via a meter concerning their fear arousal. In Experiment I half of the
      subjects received high arousal and half received moderate arousal information.
      Within each of these conditions half of the subjects had their arousal reduced,
      and the other half did not. In Experiment II subjects received either low
      arousal, high arousal, or high then low arousal feedback while listening. The
      results of the two studies generally provided support for the "arousal only"
      hypothesis. An interpretation in terms of Bem's attribution theory was
      tentatively suggested.

PMID- 1195089
TI  - Ego functioning and acute adverse reactions to psychoactive drugs.
AB  - The relationship between ego functioning and acute adverse reactions to
      psychoactive drugs was examined using retrospective data. The data were
      consistent with a causal model in which characteristic use of regression (and to
      a lesser extent repression) was associated with acute adverse reactions to
      marijuana and to LSD. Regression also had an indirect effect through increased
      usage of LSD. Subjects characterized by the use of intellectualization and denial
      were less likely to report developing acute adverse reactions. A higher score on
      a general measure of coping was related to avoiding acute adverse reactions to
      LSD, but not to marijuana. Projection, regression in the service of the ego, and
      tolerance of ambiguity has no effect on acute adverse reactions.

PMID- 1195090
TI  - Face validity of test and acceptance of generalized personality interpretations.
AB  - After students in different groups took one of four "personality tests" that
      varied in face validity, they received a generalized personality interpretation.
      Even though the test lowest in face validity merely required the subject to
      circle digits, judged accuracy of the interpretation (a) was high for all tests
      (76-87% of the ratings in the various test groups were good or excellent) and (b)
      was independent of type of test upon which the interpretation was purportedly
      derived. From 46-60% of the subjects in the various groups "definitely liked" or
      "liked" the interpretation; likability was independent of face validity of the
      test. Judged accuracy and likability of the interpretation correlated positively
      and significantly. The willingness of individuals to accept generalized
      statements about themselves is a researchable problem area suggested by the
      present research.

PMID- 1195091
TI  - Self-help with diagnosis (a self-administered semi-projective device).
AB  - Studied the validity of a self-administered semi-projective packet of tests and
      questionnaires developed to provide quick, inexpensive information preparatory,
      or ancillary, to further diagnostic examinations. Brief writeups of inferences
      derived from the packet of tests were compared to diagnostic inferences based on
      from one to three psychiatric interviews, and with full examinations, which
      included psychiatric and social work interviews and extensive psychological
      testing. Generally, high comparability between the packet and both criteria were
      shown on questions of global diagnostic impression, character and defense,
      central conflicts, and basic ego functions; and significant information was often
      added by the packet to the data collected in diagnostic interviews. The patients
      filled out the packet forms conscientiously, and their written self-reports
      indicated that some patients could learn and otherwise benefit just from
      performing this task.

PMID- 1195092
TI  - A criminal offender introspective report.
AB  - The development of a new scale suitable for research with the criminal offender
      was described. Based on the factor analysis of an item pool delineating
      sociopathic personality traits, five factors were derived to compose an 80-item
      criminal offender introspective report (COIR).

PMID- 1195093
TI  - Regression in the service of the ego in young children.
AB  - Analysis of studies of primary process thinking as manifested in Rorschach and
      TAT production of young children (ages 6 to 10) indicate that children show
      approximately the same amount of primary process production as do young adults
      (48% vs 54%). However, this primary process does not appear to be clearly related
      to the child's creative, scholastic, or perceptual-motor development as measured
      by appropriate tests. High levels of primary process appear to be significantly
      related only to the negative qualities of the personality, that is, to high
      levels of tension, anxiety, and poor control of aggression. It is possible that
      young children have not yet learned to use it in the service of the ego, although
      they do not seem to be encumbered by its presence.

PMID- 1195094
TI  - There is an alternative to the IQ.
AB  - Another approach was indicated for understanding the intellectual functioning of
      the person considered to be retarded from the viewpoint of measured intelligence.
      Rather than utilizing the standard, usually academically-oriented, test, the
      inkblot method was used to differentiate how the individual deals with familiar
      and unfamiliar problems. The emphasis was not on the predetermined responses and
      verbal meanings of the test constructor, but the language and mode of perceiving,
      organizing, and responding of the individual to the problems presented to him.

PMID- 1195095
TI  - Response to cigarette deprivation as a function of oral fantasy.
AB  - The role of oral fantasy in reactions of heavy smokers to smoking deprivation was
      studied. Experimental subjects were first evaluated with the Holtzman Inkblot
      Test to measure amount of oral fantasy. They also evaluated themselves on a
      number of Semantic Differential continua. Smoking deprivation followed. Retest
      Holtzman blots and Semantic Differential rating scales were then administered.
      Subjects also indicated number of somatic symptoms and body image distortions
      produced by deprivation. Control subjects followed the same paradigm except they
      smoked throughout the procedure. It was found that the greater the orality of
      experimental subjects the greater the number of somatic symptoms and body
      distortions they experienced following deprivation; and the more they viewed self
      as having shifted in a less favorable and less potent direction. Such
      relationships were absent in the control group.

PMID- 1195096
TI  - The Mini-Mult with criminal psychiatric patients.
AB  - In order to determine the usefulness of the Mini-Mult with criminal psychiatric
      patients, 107 MMPI profiles were rescored for the Mini-Mult and compared with the
      standard MMPI. Correlations between the two test forms were high but eight of the
      eleven means of the scales on the Mini-Mult were significantly different from the
      MMPI. A modest correspondence between indexes of psychopathology and scale peaks
      was found. Results were interpreted as indicating that the use of the Mini-Mult
      is not justified with this population.

PMID- 1195097
TI  - Temporal relatedness: personality and behavioral correlates.
AB  - The relationships between the tendency of subjects to perceive temporal zones as
      interrelated or discrete and other temporal behaviors and personality factors
      were explored in two studies, one using 115 college students and the other 60
      college students, employing the Personal Orientation Inventory, the Temporal
      Orientation Inventory, and the Circles Test. Subjects who obtained higher time
      relatedness scores were found to demonstrate greater self-actualization, evaluate
      the present time mode more positively, over-estimate time intervals in an
      estimation task, and to perform less accurately in time estimation than low time
      relaters.

PMID- 1195098
TI  - Test-induced anxiety with children.
AB  - Thirty-five elementary school children received the WISC, Rorschach, CAT, and
      Sentence Completion Test in counterbalanced order with a test-test interval of
      approximately 24 hours. State and trait anxiety measures were assessed
      immediately prior to and immediately following each test administration. Results
      indicated that state anxiety measures increased significantly following
      administration of the more ambigious and school related assessment tests, namely
      the Rorschach and WISC. In contrast, the more structured, less amorphous CAT and
      Sentence Completion Test, did not induce any significant changes in state
      anxiety. In all cases, trait anxiety measures remained relatively stable.
      Implications for assessment techniques with children were discussed.

PMID- 1195099
TI  - Masculinity-femininity in creative college women.
AB  - The possible relationship between masculinity and creativity in college women was
      investigated through a battery of masculinity-femininity scales that tapped both
      manifest and latent masculinity, factorially derived clusters, and an ipsative
      measure. Two samples (n = 45 each) of women who had scored above the 75th
      percentile and below the 25th percentile respectively on two measures of
      creativity were used. High creative subjects scored higher on activity and
      described themselves as more masculine; indications are that they possess a
      broader, less stereotyped sex-role identity.

PMID- 1195100
TI  - Development of a reaction inventory to measure guilt.
AB  - The Reaction Inventory-Guilt was developed to isolate, in individuals, the
      specific stimulus situations which result in guilt. The 50-item inventory was
      administered to 96 subjects. The estimate of the internal consistency coefficient
      was .94. The inter-item correlations were factor analyzed by the principle axis
      method, and rotation to oblique simple structure was accomplished by the Promax
      method. Four oblique factors were obtained: intentional behavior disrupting
      interpersonal relations; self-destructive behavior; behavior contrary to moral or
      ethical principles; and unintentional behavior disrupting interpersonal
      relationships.

PMID- 1195102
TI  - Editorial: National research policy.

PMID- 1195101
TI  - Comparative pharmacokinetics of coumarin anticoagulants. XIV: relationship
      between protein binding, distribution, and elimination kinetics of warfarin in
      rats.
AB  - The relationships between the protein binding, distribution in the body, and
      kinetics of elimination of warfarin were studied. Individual rats eliminated
      warfarin by apparent first-order kinetics, with a biological half-life of 5.9-41
      hr and a total plasma clearance of 2.4-22 ml kg(-1) hr(-1). There is a strong
      positive correlation between the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) and the
      elimination rate constant (kel). There was no apparent concentration dependance
      of warfarin binding to serum proteins over a wide concentration range, but there
      were pronounced intersubject variations in protein binding, with the free
      fraction of drug (f) in serum ranging from 0.172 x 10(-2) to 1.53 x 10(-2). There
      are strong positive correlations between f and kel, f and Vd, and f and the
      kidney-serum concentration ratio of warfarin. Consistent with theory, there is an
      excellent positive linear correlation between f and total plasma clearance of the
      drug. The intersubject variation in f is not related to variations in serum
      albumin or total protein concentration. There is a strong correlation between
      values of f for serum and liver homogenate in individual animals, consistent with
      the lack of correlation between f in serum and the liver-serum concentration
      ratio of warfarin. These results show that the pronounced intersubject variation
      in the elimination of warfarin observed in this investigation was related to
      interindividual differences in plasma protein binding of the drug. The
      differences in protein binding cannot be ascribed to differences in plasma
      protein concentrations and may reflect configurational differences of proteins or
      the presence of an endogenous displacing agent at different concentrations.

PMID- 1195103
TI  - Comments by the American Pharmaceutical Association to the President's Biomedical
      Research Panel. October 1975.

PMID- 1195104
TI  - Microbial models of mammalian metabolism.

PMID- 1195105
TI  - Solvolytic reactions of cyclic anhydrides in anhydrous acetic acid.
AB  - The reversible reactions of several cyclic anhydrides with acetic acid to form
      acetic anhydride and the corresponding dicarboxylic acid, catalyzed by perchloric
      acid at 25degree, were studied. The equilibrium constants, calculated from
      spectral data, were 4.85 X 10-4, 1.08 X 10-1, and 4.6 X 10-1 M for succinic,
      trans-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic, and glutaric anhydrides, respectively. Maleic,
      phthalic, and cis-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydrides did not undergo any
      detectable reaction with acetic acid under these conditions, suggesting still
      higher stability. The reverse rate constants were found to be relatively
      independent of the structure of the attacking diacid, while the forward rate
      constants were found to parrallel the equilibrium constants. The rate-determining
      step for the forward reaction appears to be the breakdown of the tetrahedral
      intermediate formed by the attack of an acetic acid molecule on the protonated
      cyclic anhydride.

PMID- 1195106
TI  - Dissolution patterns of polydisperse powders: oxalic acid dihydrate.
AB  - The dissolution of oxalic acid dihydrate crystals of log-normal particle-size
      distribution in 0.1 N HC1 was studied. A biphasic cube root dependence was found;
      the slopes of the initial cube root plots were consistent with theory based on
      dissolution of isometric, isotropic particles where assumptions were made of: (a)
      sink conditions, (b) particle-size-independent solubility, and (c) particle-size
      independent film thickness of adsorbed liquid layers.

PMID- 1195107
TI  - Controlled drug release from polymeric delivery devices. III: In vitro-in vivo
      correlation for intravaginal release of ethynodiol diacetate from silicone
      devices in rabbits.
AB  - Forty female rabbits were implanted with silicone vaginal devices containing
      ethynodiol diacetate for up to 8 weeks. As predicted from in vitro studies, a Q -
      t1/2 (matrix-controlled) release profile was observed in vivo. The in vivo drug
      release profile was compared with in vitro data measured at three hydrodynamic
      conditions, and the diffusional resistance across the vaginal wall was estimated.
      Drug released from silicone devices yielded a prolonged plasma level when
      compared with data following intravaginal or intravenous administration of a
      solution dose. The rate constant for elimination was unchanged. The plasma
      concentration of the drug was related to the intravaginal drug release profile
      both theoretically and experimentally and was above the concentration required to
      inhibit fertilization.

PMID- 1195108
TI  - Kinetics and mechanisms of monolayer interactions. III: models to explain time
      dependent effects of injected cetrimonium bromide.
AB  - Two kinetic models are derived to explain the time-dependent effects of
      cetrimonium ions injected beneath an air-aqueous solution interface without any
      previously adsorbed or spread monolayer at different ionic strengths. The data
      show excellent fit and consistency with a nulticompartmental kinetic model which
      postulates a barrier or intermediate compartment between the ionic surfactant in
      the subphase and the sites on the surface. Such a barrier inhibits free diffusion
      of the surfactant from the bulk of the solution to these sites. The experimental
      data are not inconsistent with a model that postulates a time-dependent binding
      process and the absence of a diffusion-limiting subinterface since, within the
      limits of the error, the derived rate constants conform to the model prediction
      that they should be proportional to the surfactant-ion concentration.

PMID- 1195109
TI  - Characterization of hydrogen bonding between selected barbiturates and
      polyethylene glycol 4000 by IR spectral analysis.
AB  - Several barbiturates and primidone were equilibrated with polyethylene glycol
      4000 in pyridine. IR spectral properties of these samples indicate that seven
      disubstituted barbiturates complex with polyethylene glycol 4000 while five
      disubstituted barbiturates and two trisubstituted barbiturates as well as
      primidone do not. Forces responsible for complexation of barbiturates with
      polyethylene glycol 4000, as inferred from spectral data, consist of hydrogen
      bonds formed between N1 and N3 hydrogens of the barbiturate ring and two oxygen
      atoms of the --O--CH2CH2--O--moiety. Also, there appear to be three
      configurations of intermolecular hydrogen bonding sites between disubstituted
      barbiturates. Several factors affect the barbiturate-polyethylene glycol 4000
      interaction, including the nature of the solvent, C5 substituents, the number of
      hydrogen bonds formed between reactants, and the 2-carbonyl group of the
      barbiturate ring. Complexes of polyethylene glycol 4000 with phenobarbital,
      butabarbital, and cyclobarbital are stable in water at 26 degrees or below, but
      complexes of polyethylene glycol 4000 with butethal, cyclopentenyl
      allylbarbituric acid, pentobarbital, and probarbital are not.

PMID- 1195110
TI  - Binding of metronidazole and its derivatives to plasma proteins: an assessment of
      drug binding phenomenon.
AB  - Metronidazole and four derivatives were studied in vitro to investigate the
      differences in the extent of their binding to plasma proteins. Modification at
      the terminal portion of the alkyl side chain resulted in wide differences in the
      extent of binding. Molecular orbital calculations were performed by the CNDO and
      MINDO/2 methods to estimate the frontier electron density on the hetero atom at
      the 3'-position of the alkyl side chain. A linear correlation between the protein
      binding parameter (loge P) and the frontier electron density (qr) was observed
      for the binding of this group of trichomonicidal drugs. NMR spectroscopy was used
      to demonstrate that the alkyl side chain participated in the binding of these
      compounds to plasma proteins.

PMID- 1195111
TI  - Utilization of model compounds to evaluate effects of slight chemical
      modifications on their distribution. Pharmacokinetic parameters in rats and
      mechanisms inferred for their transmembrane transport.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of each of the model compounds benzoylformic acid (I), p
      methylbenzoylformic acid (II), p-ethylbenzoylformic acid (III), D-(-)-mandelic
      acid (IV), D-(-)-p-methylmandelic acid (V), D-(-)-p-ethylmandelic acid (VI), and
      D-(-)-p-isopropylmandelic acid (VII) were studied in rats to determine the
      influence of slight chemical modifications of the compounds on their distribution
      pharmacokinetic parameters in rats. The effects of the specific chemical
      modifications considered were those of the less than CHOH group of IV against the
      less than C=0 group of I, the para-alkylation of I and IV, and the branched alkyl
      group (isopropyl) against the straight chain alkyl groups of the homologs of IV.
      While the disappearance of I from the blood was describable by the three
      compartment open model, that of IV was describable by the two-compartment open
      model. The apparent volume of distribution of the central compartment (V1) for IV
      was smaller than that for I, but the volume of the peripheral compartment (V2)
      for IV was greater than that (V2 + V3) for I. The disappearance of V, VI, and VII
      from the blood was also describable by the two-compartment open model, but the
      apparent V1 and V2 for these compounds were lower than those for the parent
      compound, IV. However, the disappearance of II and II from the blood was
      describable by a one-compartment open model. Evaluation of the appropriate
      distribution pharmacokinetic parameters suggested that the peripheral compartment
      for the anions of these compounds consisted of moderately perfused tissues and
      that the transmembrane transport of these organic anions between the central and
      peripheral compartments occurs by diffusion mainly through the aqueous membrane
      pores, which are lined with polar portions of membrane proteins and/or
      phospholipids. The possible increased hydrophobic bonding between the alkyl
      groups of these compounds and the hydrophobic groups of the proteins and/or
      phospholipids of the membrane pores is implicated to decrease the distribution of
      the para-alkylated homologs into the peripheral compartments and, consequently,
      diminish the volumes of their peripheral compartments. The heteroporosity of the
      membranes of the tissues of the central compartment is proposed as the reason for
      the diminished volume of the central compartment for V and VI as compared to that
      of IV or VII.

PMID- 1195112
TI  - Mechanistic evaluation of modifications of distribution. Pharmacokinetic
      parameters of model organic anions in presence of a model renal tubular secretion
      inhibitor in rats.
AB  - The effects of DL-tropic acid (VIII) on the distribution pharmacokinetic
      parameters of the model compounds benzoylformic acid (I), p-methylbenzoylformic
      acid (II), p-ethylbenzoylformic acid (III), D-(-)-mandelic acid (IV), D-(-)-p
      methyl-mandelic acid (V), D-(-)-p-ethylmandelic acid (VI), and D-(-)-p
      isopropylmandelic acid (VII) were studied in rats. Since VIII is a competitive
      inhibitor of renal tubular secretion of I-VII and since all of these compounds (I
      VIII) are negligibly bound to plasma proteins and are neither metabolized nor
      reabsorbed from the renal tubules, they were considered as model compounds.
      Therefore, changes observed in the values of the distribution pharmacokinetic
      parameters of I-VII were attributed to the influence of VIII on the transmembrane
      transport of the compounds between body compartments in rats. The decrease in the
      apparent volumes of the central compartments for I, IV, and VII, the increase in
      the apparent volumes of the peripheral compartments for IV-VII, the absence of
      change in the volumes of the central or peripheral compartments for the other
      compounds, and the increase in the ratios of the rate constants of the transfer
      of compounds from one compartment into another for I and IV-VII were explained in
      terms of the "aqueous pore" mechanism for the transmembrane transport of the
      anions of the compounds as well as the heteroporosity of the tissue membranes.

PMID- 1195113
TI  - Behavior of erythrocytes in ternary solvent systems.
AB  - The effect of ternary solvent systems on erythrocytes was investigated. Hemolysis
      experiments were run at 37degree in solutions containing various amounts of
      water, two nonaqueous solvents, and 0.9% sodium chloride. The nonaqueous solvents
      were propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400, dimethyl sulfoxide,
      dimethylformamide, and tetramethylurea. Ternary diagrams based on the critical
      hemolytic compositions of the various ternary systems are presented.

PMID- 1195114
TI  - Micelle formation and its relationship to solubility behavior of 2-butyl-3
      benzofuranyl-4-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl ketone hydrochloride.
AB  - Micelle formation by 2-butyl-3-benzofuranyl-4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5
      diiodophenyl ketone hydrochloride was studied by conductance measurements. The
      CMC was approximately 0.05% and was independent of temperature between 20 and
      50degree. The heat of formation for the micelle was calculated to be 6.9
      kcal/mole. The unusual solubility behavior of the compound was attributed to its
      ability to form micelles. Ultracentrifuge studies indicate the molecular weight
      of the micelle to be approximately 100,000. Anions such as chloride, sulfate,
      acetate, tartrate, and citrate significantly affect the equilibrium solubility of
      the compound. NMR spectroscopic data indicate that the solubility behavior, in
      part, is related to an effect on the CMC of the compound by the anionic
      environment.

PMID- 1195115
TI  - Isolation and identification of three new flavones from Achillea millefolium L.
AB  - Column chromatography on silica gel of a petroleum ether extract of the flowering
      heads of Achillea millefolium L. allowed three flavones to be separated and
      identified. Spectral studies (PMR, mass spectrometry, and UV) and a comparison
      with data for compounds reported in the literature established the flavones as 5
      hydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone, artemetin, and casticin. These compounds
      have not been reported previously as constituents of A. millefolium.

PMID- 1195116
TI  - Quantitative GLC determination of pentylenetetrazol in biological fluids.
AB  - A quantitative, sensitive, and specific GLC method was developed for the
      determination of pentylenetetrazol in water, plasma, and urine. The assay
      involves a single extraction of the sample into chloroform followed by
      centrifugation, evaporation, and chromatography. The method for pentylenetetrazol
      is reproducible, and the sensitivity limit of the assay is 0.5 mug of
      pentylenetetrazol/ml of biological fluid using a 2-ml sample. This method has a
      sensitivty sufficient to detect human plasma levels after therapeutic clinical
      doses and was successfully applied to monitor complete plasma level profiles of
      this drug in dogs. The data indicate that this drug is very rapidly absorbed
      following an oral dose, and the half-life of the drug in plasma is approximately
      1 hr.

PMID- 1195117
TI  - Enterohepatic circulation of tetracycline in rats.
AB  - The absorption of tetracycline hydrochloride excreted in the bile of rats was
      evaluated using the insitu intestinal preparation. For comparative purposes, the
      absorption of the drug from an aqueous solution having the same pH as that of the
      bile was also determined. After 4 hr, the amounts of tetracycline absorbed from
      the bile and aqueous solutions were 72.92 and 77.34%, respectively. There was no
      significant difference in the amount of drug accumulated in the gut tissue. The
      disappearance of the drug from the intestinal lumen was biexponential, and the
      kinetic parameters appeared to be similar. It was concluded that tetracycline
      excreted in the bile is readily absorbed from the rat intestine. Accordingly,
      biliary excretion does not seem to account for a significant elimination of this
      antibiotic from the body.

PMID- 1195118
TI  - Determination of mercury-containing pharmaceuticals by vapor phase atomic
      absorption spectroscopy.
AB  - A procedure was developed for the determination of mercurials of pharmaceutical
      interest. Protic acid cleavage of the compound was followed by reduction of the
      resulting mercuric ion and vapor phase atomic absorption spectroscopy. This
      procedure was applied to 11 different mercurial compounds in various
      pharmaceutical preparations and offers excellent sensitivity with respect to
      presently used compendial assays. Comparative analytical data between this
      procedure and compendial methodology are presented.

PMID- 1195119
TI  - GLC determination of hexadiphane in pharmaceutical preparations.
AB  - A specific, rapid, and sensitive GLC method for purity control of hexadiphane and
      its determination in pharmaceutical perparations is described. The method
      utilizes an extraction of the free base, followed by GLC on a 0.5% OV-17 column
      at isothermal temperature for 6 min and then the temperature was programmed.
      Results from this method and from a titrimetric method were compared, and no
      significant differences were found.

PMID- 1195120
TI  - Diffusion model for fluidized-bed drying.
AB  - A sucrose-lactose-starch granulation was used to study particulate motion and
      attrition in a fluid bed dryer. There is some classification of material in the
      dryer as drying proceeds; fine particles are dried faster and become less dense,
      and the less dry but denser large particles show some (although not great)
      accumulation tendencies in the lower central area. Unlike countercurrent rotary
      drying, fluid bed drying cannot be accounted for by water diffusion inside the
      granule as the rate-limiting step. In its place, a model of external water vapor
      diffusion is proposed and is supported by vapor-concentration curves and by the
      linear dependence of the rate constants on the linear air velocities. The dried
      granulation exhibits the same trend as does countercurrent dried material in that
      larger particles have higher moisture contents than do smaller particles.
      Quantitative relationships between content of moisture and size were developed
      and are supported by experimental data. The granulation, upon storage, does not
      equilibrate, indicating that this type of water distribution is a problem in
      batch process granulations as well as in the earlier reported case of
      granulations for continuous production.

PMID- 1195121
TI  - Spectrofluorometric determination of the antibiotic lasalocid in blood.
AB  - A spectrofluorometric assay was developed for the determination of the antibiotic
      lasalocid in dog blood, based on the intrinsic fluorescence of the compound in
      ethyl acetate. The assay can measure "total" levels of drug and any metabolites
      present. The specificity of the assay was verified by TLC separation of the dog
      blood extract, which indicated the presence of only intact drug. The overall
      recovery (+/- SD) of lasalocid was 62.0 +/- 3.6% in the concentration range of
      1.0-10 mug of compound/ml of dog blood. The sensitivity of the assay is 0.5
      mug/ml. The assay was applied to the determination of blood levels of lasalocid
      in the dog following the intravenous administration of a 5-mg/kg dose.

PMID- 1195122
TI  - Electron-capture GLC determination of timolol in human plasma and urine.
AB  - A GLC procedure was developed for measuring nanogram quantities of timolol in
      plasma and urine. The unchanged drug was extracted into heptane-4% isoamyl
      alcohol from alkalinized plasma or urine, together with a homolog of timolol
      which served as the internal standard. The compounds were subsequently back
      extracted into 0.1 N HC1 and then into chloroform following adjustment of the
      acid phase to an alkaline pH. The compounds in the chloroform extract were
      derivatized with heptafluorobutyrylimidazole to form the diheptafluorobutyryl
      derivatives; these were quantitated by electron-capture GLC. Recovery of timolol
      added to normal plasma and urine was quantitative and reproducible, and no
      interfering substances were observed in normal biological samples. The method is
      capable of measuring concentrations as low as 2 ng/ml in plasma or 20 ng/ml in
      urine. After a 10-mg oral dose of 14C-timolol, peak plasma levels of
      approximately 30 ng/ml were ovserved in 1-2 hr.

PMID- 1195123
TI  - Synthesis of dl-4xi-(2-carboxyethyl)-cis-hexahydropyrrolo-[3,4-d]imidazol-2-one
      (bisnorazabiotin).
AB  - Bisnorazabiotin was synthesized in a six-step sequence from 1,5-dioxo-2
      carbethoxypyrrolizidine. It is anticipated that the molecule will serve as a
      cofactor for biotin-requiring enzymes.

PMID- 1195124
TI  - Sodium chloride equivalents, cryoscopic properties, and hemolytic effects of
      certain medicinals in aqueous solution. III: Supplemental values.
AB  - A supplemental table of sodium chloride equivalents and freezing-point
      depressions at various concentrations for 44 different substances in aqueous
      solution is presented. Also given in the table is the isosmotic concentration of
      each material that can form such a solution. The degree of hemolysis of human
      erythrocytes was determined in 24 different isosmotic solutions, and the data are
      presented in a table to supplement the previously pub lished values. Eleven
      isosmotic solutions prevented hemolysis, and 13 others failed to prevent
      hemolysis.

PMID- 1195125
TI  - Tumor-inhibitory agent from Montezuma speciosissima (Malvaceae).
AB  - The petroleum ether extract of Montezuma speciosissima Sesse and Moc.
      demonstrated tumor-inhibiting properties in the P-338 lympocytic leukemia test
      system (3PS). The constituent responsible for this activity was shown to be a
      symmetrically substituted 2,2'-dinaphthol, identified as gossypol (C30H30O8).

PMID- 1195126
TI  - Determination of protein binding parameters in systems involving interaction
      between sites.

PMID- 1195127
TI  - Bioavailability analysis of chlorpromazine in humans from pupilometric data.
AB  - Results of studying the time variation of the miotic response intensity for
      periods of 6 to 8 hours after dosing in up to 16 normal human subjects who
      received various oral liquid and intravenous doses of chlorpromazine are
      reported. Relative to oral liquid doses of chlorpromazine syrup, intravenous
      doses of the drug slowly infused over a consistent time interval of 30 minutes
      are approximately 11 times as potent in eliciting miotic response activity.
      Miotic activity was found to be quite dose sensitive as seen from the response
      vs. time profiles and the dose-effect curves constructed as plots of areas under
      the response curves and peak response intensities. The dose-effect curves are
      approximately linear for both intravenous and oral dosing over the majority of
      the dose ranges studied. Pupilometry is demonstrated as providing a highly
      sensitive, reliable, rapid and convenient method for detecting differences in
      both rates and extents of systemic chlorpromazine bioavailability after
      parenteral or oral dosing with chlorpromazine. Pupilometry allows comparative
      bioavailability studies to be readily completed for low oral doses, e.g., 10
      mg/70 kg, which are not possible to perform even under the most ideal conditions,
      using the best direct assay techniques presently available. It is precisely at
      such low oral doses that bioavailability between oral dosage forms are most
      pronounced and the use of pupilometry has its greatest utility.

PMID- 1195128
TI  - Effect of portacaval shunt on the disposition of drugs with and without first
      pass effect.
AB  - The pharmacokinetic parameters of lidocaine, antipyrine and salicylamide were
      studied in dogs before and after construction of a portacaval shunt. The systemic
      availability of antipyrine was not altered significantly by the surgical
      procedure whereas the availability of lidocaine and salicylamide, drugs with a
      marked first-pass effect, was increased from 14.8 +/- 2.8 to 81.3 +/- 5.2% and
      from 21.8 +/- 7.8 to 57.5 +/- 2.5%, respectively. Of the 78% first-pass
      extraction of salicylamide, 36% is due to hepatic extraction whereas the
      remaining 42% is accounted for by intestinal wall extraction. The presence of a
      portacaval shunt also reduced the plasma clearance of lidocaine and antipyrine,
      but not salicylamide. The apparent volume of distribution was decreased only with
      salicylamide. Surgical construction of a portacaval shunt in dogs in a good model
      to evaluate first-pass effect. Physicians should adjust downward the dose of
      drugs with a first-pass effect. Physicians should adjust downward the dose of
      drugs with a first-pass effect in patients with a surgical portacaval shunt or
      endogenous portal systemic shunts such as seen in cirrhosis of the liver.

PMID- 1195129
TI  - Effects of route of administration and blood flow on hepatic drug elimination.
AB  - The effects of route of administration and blood flow on the elimination of
      lidocaine, diphenylhydantoin and propranolol have been investigated in the
      isolated perfused rat liver. After administration directly into the portal vein,
      drug concentrations in the reservoir were the same at a given flow rate as
      concentrations in the hepatic vein after drug was placed directly into the
      reservoir. The apparent clearance of the drug calculated from these
      concentrations gave an estimate of intrinsic drug clearance, which is an estimate
      of the activity of the drug-metabolizing enzymes. Intrinsic clearance is defined
      as drug clearance when flow is not rate limiting and therefore should be
      independent of flow. This was confirmed by showing that, at steady state, neither
      hepatic venous drug concentrations nor concentrations in the reservoir after
      portal venous administration of lidocaine were affected by altering hepatic blood
      flow from 10 to 20 ml/min. Propranolol was given as a single dose into the
      reservoir at flows of 10 and 20 ml/min. The area under the concentration-time
      curve (AUC) in the reservoir was decreased by increased flow, but AUC for hepatic
      venous blood was unchanged. Although AUC in hepatic venous blood was unchanged.
      Although AUC in hepatic venous blood was unchanged, higher peak concentrations
      and a more rapid half-life was seen in keeping with the clearance of drug from
      the reservoir. These data suggest that after oral drug administration, steady
      state concentrations or AUC in systemic blood is dependent only on the activity
      of the enzymes involved (i.e., intrinsic clearance) and unaffected by flow,
      provided drug is completely absorbed and eliminated only by the liver.
      Furthermore, this will apply even to drugs whose systemic clearance and drug half
      life after i.v. administration is profoundly affected by altered hepatic blood
      flow.

PMID- 1195130
TI  - Metabolism, tissue distribution and covalent binding of tripelennamine and its N
      nitroso derivative in the rat.
AB  - Benzyl-14C-labeled tripelennamine and its N-nitroso derivative (NDT) were
      administered (20 mg/kg; 50 muc/kg i.p.) separately to control and phenobarbital
      pretreated rats. Tissue distribution and covalent binding of the two compounds in
      liver, lung, kidney, fat and muscle tissues, as well as in the plasma, were
      determined at 4 and 24 hours after the administration. No specific localization
      of the test compounds to any tissue or to the plasma was observed. The in vivo
      covalent binding of both the compounds to the proteins of the tissues and plasma
      was low; the highest binding occurred in the liver (approximately 25 pmol/mg of
      protein). Within 24 hours about 78% of the injected tripelennamine and its
      metabolites was excreted into the urine whereas only about 35% of the
      radioactivity of NDT was eliminated. Pretreatment with phenobarbital accelerated
      the elimination of both substances. The metabolites of the drug and NDT were
      isolated from urine, hydrolyzed by glucuronidase-sulfatase and identified as
      their trimethylsilyl derivatives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
      Tripelennamine was found to be extensively metabolized by N-demethylation and
      aromatic hydroxylation pathways. By contrast most of the NDT was eliminated as
      NDT and hydroxylated metabolites; very little was excreted as N-demethylated
      metabolites. The hydroxylated metabolites identified were p-hydroxybenzyl, p
      hydroxybenzyl-5-hydroxypyridyl and m,p-dihydroxybenzyl derivatives of the drug,
      its N-demethylated analog and NDT. The catechol formation with NDT was found to
      be 4 times that observed with tripelennamine.

PMID- 1195131
TI  - The separation and identification of dopamine 3-O-sulfate and dopamine 4-O
      sulfate in urine of Parkinsonian patients.
AB  - A method is described for the isolation and measurement of dopamine 3-O-sulfate
      and dopamine 4-O-sulfate. The sulfate isomers of dopamine were synthesized
      chemically by the reaction of dopamine with sulfuric acid. The isomers were
      isolated by anion-exchange column chromatography and the identities of the two
      isomers were confirmed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. A
      method is described for the assay of the two isomers by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography. When Parkinsonian patients were treated with 4.0 g/day of L-dopa,
      the amount of dopamine 3-O-sulfate excreted in the urine was 19.6 times that of
      dopamine 4-O-sulfate. When untreated Parkinsonian patients received tracer
      quantities of 3H-L-dopa either intravenously or orally, 3H-dopamine 3-O-sulfate
      was the predominant isomer but the amounts were only 3 times those of the 4
      isomer. Greater quantities of both isomers were excreted when 3H-L-dopa was given
      orally as compared to intravenous administration. Since dopamine 3-O-sulfate is
      the predominant sulfate isomer, it is concluded that sulfate conjugation of
      dopamine could possibly compete with 3-O-methylation in determining the resultant
      conjugated product.

PMID- 1195132
TI  - Effects of divalent cations, cation chelators and an ionophore on morphine
      analgesia and tolerance.
AB  - The analgesic effect of morphine was antagonized in mice by
      intracerebroventricular injection of Ca++, Mg++ and Mn++ and was potentiated by
      ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid but was not altered by Sr++, Ba++, Ni++, Hg++,
      Cd++ or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. The antagonistic effect of Ca++ was not
      altered by pretreatment with pargyline or 6-hydroxydopamine indicating that
      altered release of catecholamines or serotonin was not involved in this action of
      Ca++. Induction of morphine tolerance by pellet implantation also did not alter
      the antagonistic effect of Ca++. The antagonistic effects of Ca++ and naloxone
      were additive in both nontolerant and tolerant animals and the apparent affinity
      of naloxone for its receptors, as estimated by in vivo pA2 determinations, was
      not altered by Ca++. However, the ionophore X537A was found to increase greatly
      the narcotic antagonist effect of a low dose of Ca++ although the ionophore alone
      did not alter the effects of morphine. This indicates that Ca"++ must penetrate
      cell membranes in order to reduce the analgesic effects of morphine. These
      findings indicate the importance of Ca++ localization in the actions of narcotic
      agonists and antagonists.

PMID- 1195133
TI  - Disposition of naloxone: use of a new radioimmunoassay.
AB  - Understanding of the pharmacology of the narcotic antagonist naloxone has been
      limited by the lack of a convenient and sensitive method of assay. A
      radioimmunoassay for naloxone has been developed and is described. It is
      applicable for drug analysis in either serum or brain. The limit of sensitivity
      of the assay was 0.1 ng. Naloxone glucuronide, noroxymorphone (nor-naloxone) and
      morphine were not recognized by the antibody whereas naltrexone and 6
      hydroxynaloxone were able to displace naloxone-3H from the antibody. The assay
      was of sufficient sensitivity to follow the serum levels of naloxone in man for
      up to 2 hours after an i.v. injection of 0.4 mg. In animal studies, the biologic
      half-lives of naloxone or morphine (5 mg/kg) were compared after s.c. injection
      in rats. The peak serum levels A (1 mu/mo), time to peak serum levels (less than
      1/2 hour), and serum half-life (40 minutes) were comparable. However, the brain
      entry and egress of the two compounds differed markedly. Peak brain levels of
      naloxone occurred within 15 minutes and had declined by 50% within 1 hour,
      whereas the peak brain levels of morphine were sustained for up to 2 hours. At
      peak serum levels, the brain/serum ratio for morphine was 0.1 whereas for
      naloxone it was 15 times greater. We suggest the high brain/serum ratio of
      naloxone contributes to its potency whereas the rapid egress from the brain is
      important in the short duration of action of naloxone.

PMID- 1195134
TI  - The depressant effect of halothane and sodium thiopental on the spontaneous and
      evoked activity of dorsal horn cells: lamina specificity, time course and dose
      dependence.
AB  - The effects of halothane and sodium thiopental on dorsal horn cell unit activity
      were studied in the lumbar spinal cord of decerebrate, low thoracic spinal cats.
      Both halothane (0.5, 1 and 1.5%) and sodium thiopental (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg)
      depressed, in a dose-dependent manner, the spontaneous firing frequency of cells
      in Rexed laminae I, V and VI and the evoked firing frequency of cells in laminae
      I and V. They, however, had no effect on cells in lamina IV. The maximum
      depression of cell activity occurred 5 to 8 minutes after inhalation of halothane
      and 2 to 3 minutes after the intravenous administration of sodium thiopental. The
      recovery of cell activity occurred within 15 to 30 minutes after discontinuation
      of halothane and within 10 to 30 minutes after intravenous administration of
      sodium thiopental. The depressive effect of halothane and sodium thiopental, both
      primarily hypnotic anesthetics, on lamina VI cells is in contrast to our previous
      finding that morphine sulfate, nitrous oxide and ketamine hydrochloride,
      primarily analgesic agents, had no significant effect on this lamina.

PMID- 1195135
TI  - Local anesthetics and barbiturates: effects on evoked potentials in isolated
      mammalian cortex.
AB  - Slices of olfactory cortex from guinea pig, incorporating the lateral olfactory
      tract (LOT), were maintained in a glucose-bicarbonate solution in vitro.
      Stimulation of the LOT produced: 1) A summed LOT action potential; 2) A
      monosynaptic surface-negative wave (N-wave); and 3) A polysynaptic surface
      positive wave (P-wave) as recorded from the pial surface of the slice at 24
      degrees C. During a period of single stimulus pulses to the LOT, local
      anesthetics and barbiturates, applied to the incubating solution, depressed the
      amplitude of the action potential (while increasing its latency and threshold)
      with the following potencies: tetracaine greater than cocaine greater than
      lidocaine greater than procaine greater than pentobarbital greater than
      phenobarbital. The order of potencies was similar for the synaptic potentials.
      Each local anesthetic or bartiturate first depressed the P-wave, the N-wave and
      then the LOT potential, with all three potentials being affected within a narrow
      range of drug concentrations. There was a good linear relationship between drug
      potency on all potentials and the distribution coefficients of the drugs in
      octanol-water. During a period of double stimulus pulses to the LOT, up to 10
      seconds apart, low concentrations of barbiturates depressed the N-wave to the
      second pulse with little effect on the first, conditioning pulse, an effect not
      seen with local anesthetics. The bath concentrations required for this effect of
      both barbiturates were similar to previous reports of blood concentrations
      required for general anesthesia. It appears that local anesthetics have actions
      on brain similar to those reported for other tissues and that barbiturates share
      some of the actions of local anesthetics, but exert a selective depression on
      repetitively elicited synaptic potentials.

PMID- 1195136
TI  - Inhibitory effects of adenine nucleotide analogs on the isolated guinea-pig
      taenia coli.
AB  - The inhibitory actions of adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate
      (AMP), adenosine and 16 adenine nucleotide and nucleoside analogs on the isolated
      guinea-pig taenia coli preparation were compared with those of adenosine
      triphosphate (ATP). Responses were quantitated as magnitude of maximal
      relaxation, time taken to reach maximal relaxation and activity relative to that
      of ATP. Inhibitory responses induced by the 5'-di- and triphosphates of 2
      chloroadenosine and 2-methylthioadenosine resembled those elicited by ADP and
      ATP, but the 2-substituted analogs were markedly more potent. AMP and adenosine
      were less active than ATP; their activities were enhanced by 2-chloro
      substitution but not by 2-methylthio substitution. 2-Methylthio-AMP and 2
      methylthioadenosine were the only analogs which did not elicit maximal relaxation
      of the taenia coli. 6'-Deoxyhomoadenosine 6'-phosphonic acid was inactive.
      Adenine nucleotide analogs in which the polyphosphate moiety was modified had
      steeper log dose-response curves than ATP and induced greater maximal responses
      than ATP. Analogs in which the polyphosphate alpha, beta-anhydride oxygen was
      replaced by methylene took up to 5 times longer than ATP to cause maximal
      relaxation. Other analogs with modified or unmodified polyphosphate side chains
      caused rapid relaxation of the taenia coli. There was no apparent correlation
      between relative activity and time to reach maximal response. The findings
      obtained indicate that di- or triphosphate groupings are of prime importance in
      binding adenine nucleotides to the putative smooth muscle receptor which mediates
      their inhibitory responses, and that hydrolysis of the terminal phosphates of
      adenosine 5'-polyphosphates is not a requirement for inhibitory activity. Reasons
      for the distinctive inhibitory actions of the phosphate-modified adenine
      nucleotide analogs are considered.

PMID- 1195137
TI  - Interactions between several rare earth ions and calcium ion in vascular smooth
      muscle.
AB  - The effects of lutetium (Lu+++), europium (Eu+++) and neodymium (Nd+++) on 45Ca
      distribution, 45Ca movements and contractions were examined in rabbit aortic
      smooth muscle. Tension responses to norepinephrine were markedly inhibited by all
      three rare earth ions; K+-induced responses and those to histamine were partially
      blocked. Addition of 1.5 mM Lu+++, Eu+++ or Nd+++ to the bathing solution reduced
      45Ca uptake (Nd+++ greater than Eu+++ greater than greater than Lu+++), produced
      a maintained increase in 45Ca efflux from strips of media-intimal layer washed
      out in a 0-Ca++ solution (Nd+++ greater than Eu+++ greater than Lu+++), and, when
      present during 45Ca incubation (before 45Ca washout), altered the release of 45Ca
      elicited by addition of 1.5 mM Ca++ during the 45Ca washout (inhibition by Nd+++
      greater than Eu+++ greater than Lu+++). The 3-fold greater uptake of 45Ca in a 0
      Ca++ and 1.5 mM Lu+++ solution than in an equivalent Sr++ solution results from a
      decreased effect of Lu+++ upon the slower 45Ca washout component. The actions of
      Lu+++ were quantitatively similar to those of low La+++ concentrations (0.05-0.10
      mM), whereas those of Nd+++ and Eu+++ resembled effects obtained with equimolar
      concentrations of La+++. Thus, the three rare earth ions produce qualitatively
      similar alterations in 45Ca uptake and superficial binding. The difference
      observed can be attributed to variations in their affinity for superficial Ca++
      binding sites and in their ability to block Ca++ uptake.

PMID- 1195138
TI  - Interaction of prostaglandin A2 and prostaglandin B2 on vascular smooth muscle
      tone, vascular reactivity and electrolyte transport.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) and prostaglandin B2 (PGB2) on vascular
      smooth muscle tone, electrolyte movements and responses to vasoactive stimuli
      were evaluated with superfused canine tibial arteries. PGA2 and PGB2 constricted
      superfused tibial arteries. PGB2 was 10.7 (8.3-14.1) times more potent as a
      constrictor than PGA2. PGA2 and PGB2-induced vasoconstriction was associated with
      a decrease in 22Na efflux and a tendency toward an increase in cellular sodium
      (expressed as micromoles per gram of wet weight). These prostaglandins also
      decreased the total potassium content of tibial arteries. 45Ca exchange was
      enhanced by PGA2 and PGB2. The time course of PG-induced increases in 45Ca efflux
      was similar to the temporal increase in force produced by PGA2 and PGB2. The
      duration of the contractile response to barium chloride was greatly prolonged
      during superfusion with both PGA2 and PGB2. These effects were probably not
      mediated by PG-induced alterations in the resting membrane potential of tibial
      arteries since presumed depolarization by both high potassium and zero-potassium
      physiologic saline solutions did not mimic the effects of these prostaglandins on
      vascular smooth muscle tone or responses to barium chloride. These data suggest
      that PGA2 and PGB2 may increase tone of vascular smooth muscle by inhibition of
      those processes involved in sequestration of calcium ion, i.e., the relaxation
      process, rather than acting on the contractile process.

PMID- 1195139
TI  - Effect of ouabain and its interaction with diphenylhydantoin on cardiac
      arrhythmias induced by hypothalamic stimulation.
AB  - Cardiac arrhythmias induced by central nervous system stimulation in the cat were
      used to evaluate the possible central nervous system effects of ouabain and
      diphenylhydantoin. Electrical stimulation of the posterior portion of the
      hypothalamus resulted in alterations of cardiac rhythm, and recordings from
      cardiac-bound sympathetic nerves revealed continuous activity during the time of
      arrhythmia. Intravenous administration of small doses of ouabain (i.e., 10-30
      mug/kg) prevented both the arrhythmias and the associated hyperactivity on the
      sympathetic nerves. The antiarrhythmic effect was not present in animals with
      denervated baroreceptors indicating that the ouabain effects were due to
      sensitization of baroreceptor reflexes. Intravenous administration of large but
      subarrhythmic doses of ouabain (i.e., 60-80 mug/kg) converted a subarrhythmogenic
      hypothalamic electrical stimulus to a threshold stimulus for arrhythmias. The
      increased response of the heart to brain stimulation in the presence of these
      doses of ouabain was associated with an increased discharge of cardiac
      sympathetic nerves, indicating that ouabain was exerting its arrhythmogenic
      enhancing effect on the central nervous system rather than on the heart.
      Pretreatment with diphenylhydantoin prevented the arrhythmias produced by the
      combination of ouabain and hypothalamic stimulation. Prevention of the arrhythmia
      was associated with prevention of the associated sympathetic hyperactivity
      responsible for the arrhythmia, thus indicating a central nervous system site of
      action of diphenylhydantoin. These data suggest that central nervous effects of
      ouabain and diphenylhydantoin are important in the ability of these drugs to
      alter cardiac rhythm.

PMID- 1195140
TI  - A simple double tilt modification of a stereoscan specimen stage.

PMID- 1195142
TI  - Effects of deindividuation, removal of responsibility, and coaction on impulsive
      and cyclical aggression.
AB  - The influence of two deindividuating variables, altered responsibility and
      coaction in groups, on one's tendency to deliver noxious or helpful stimulation
      impulsively and in a cyclical pattern to a target person was investigated in a
      laboratory experiment with use of 96 male and female junior college students.
      Analysis of variance revealed that, as hypothesized, Ss who coacted in groups of
      three and who had the responsibility for their behavior removed delivered noxious
      (but not helpful) stimuli more impulsively than Ss who worked alone and were made
      to feel responsible (p less than .01). Ss responded in a more cyclical pattern
      which delivering aversive tones than when delivering facilitating tones (p less
      than .005). A marginally significant finding was that Ss in groups responded in a
      more cyclical pattern than Ss alone only when the response was seen as aversive.
      It was concluded that the probability of impulsive and cyclical aggression may be
      increased by altered responsibility and coaction.

PMID- 1195141
TI  - Evidence for a transient potassium membrane current dependent on calcium influx
      in crab muscle fibre.
AB  - 1. Voltage-clamp experiments were achieved on crab muscle fibre with the double
      sucrose-gap technique. 2. The accuracy of the imposed voltage has been controlled
      with an impaled micro-electrode connected to an external circuit. 3. Step
      depolarizations elicit two kinds of records. In type I fibres, the initial
      current exhibits only an inward calcium component. In type II fibres, the initial
      current exhibits a hump, transient outward current, mixed with the calcium
      current; these fibres exhibit always action potentials with fast repolarization.
      4. A potassium origin is suggested for this outward current, due to its
      dependence on [K]o and its inhibition by TEA. 5. In fibres with a composite
      initial current, the voltage dependence of the availability of the measured
      inward current appears complex. It can be shown to be the sum of a simple calcium
      inactivation (which is observed alone in TEA solution) and a fast potassium
      inactivation. This potassium conductance is nearly half-available at the resting
      membrane potential. 6. The origin of the transient outward current is tentatively
      described. Consecutive to a transient internal increase of calcium ions (due to
      the calcium current) its activation curve is shifted in an hyperpolarizing
      direction resulting in an increased activation for an apparent identical
      depolarization. 7. This fast outward current which overlaps the calcium inward
      current can account for the low amplitude and the variability of the electrical
      activity of crab muscle fibres.

PMID- 1195143
TI  - Sex differences in preadolescent self-esteem.
AB  - It was predicted from the theories of Bardwick that 1) made self-esteem would be
      greater than female self-esteem only among the older children of the
      preadolescent sample, 2) reading achievement would correlate with self-esteem for
      boys in all age groups but only for the younger girls, and 3) individual self
      esteem items that showed sex differences would be sex-role related. Data on self
      esteem and reading score were collected on 307 urban children in second through
      sixth grades. Analysis of results confirmed predictions 1 and 3, but not
      prediction 2. Reading score did not show a significant correlation with self
      esteem for girls at any age level tested. Results were discussed in terms of
      differing sources of male and female self-esteem.

PMID- 1195145
TI  - Cognitive tempo and the mode of representation in emotionally disturbed and
      normal children.
AB  - The relationship between cognitive tempo, MA, and mode of representation as
      inferred from equivalence groupings was investigated in 60 emotionally disturbed
      and normal boys and girls. No differences on any of the measures were obtained
      between the two groups of children or between males and females, so the data were
      combined for further analysis. A significant negative correlation between MA and
      both the number of errors on the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF) and the
      proportion of analytic concepts on the equivalence task was found. MFF latency
      was related to MFF errors only. On the other hand, MFF errors were related
      inversely to the proportion of both superordinate and functional concepts.
      Results were discussed in terms of supporting the previous findings of Olver and
      Hornsby in regard to equivalence and MA. Contrasts between the present findings
      and those of Kagan, Rosman, Day, Albert, and Phillips were discussed, and the
      differences in the nature if the array emphasized.

PMID- 1195144
TI  - Melanin as a predictor in the acquisition of developmental skills.
AB  - Seventy-two subjects were randomly drawn across grades K-12 and administered an
      instrument designed to measure developmental skills within seven skill area
      categories. A three-way ANOVA, fixed effects model, was used for data analysis.
      Subjects were blocked by eye color, sex, and grade level for the purpose of
      investigating the relationship between eye color and sex to self-paced and
      reactive behaviors. Significant differences were obtained on the main effect of
      eye color in five of the seven categories examined. There were three significant
      first order interactions (sex X eye color) and one three-way interaction. The
      findings support the hypothesis of Worthy that eye color is a dependable
      predictor of subjects' general behavioral competency area (self-paced or
      reactive) and adds considerable support for his thesis that self-paced and
      reactive behaviors are to some degree inherited.

PMID- 1195146
TI  - Ethanol induced slowing of human reaction time and speed of voluntary movement.
AB  - This study tested the hypothesis that a CNS depressant (ethanol) would affect
      self-initiated psychomotor movement speed as much as the speed of an homologous
      movement made in response to an external stimulus. Four normal Ss (three male,
      one female, aged between 33-45 years) provided well-practiced measures of
      reaction time and a simple homologous traverse movement (a) in response to a
      signal from the E and (b) initiated at the S's own discretion. Performance by
      each S under ethanol conditions (B. A. L. .22%) was compared with his own
      baseline (pre- and postdrug) scores. Traverse originated by the S was
      consistently faster in the nondrug condition. Under peak-ethanol, both forms of
      traverse were slowed significantly in all Ss. Speed reductions were similar but
      consistently greater for self-initiated movement. A single S who repeated the
      experimental sequence under a minimally effective dosage (B. A. L. .08%) showed
      no important reduction in reactive movement speed, but was slowed significantly
      in self-initiated traverse measured concomitantly. The selective sensitivity of
      self-initiated movement to ethanol provides added evidence that a higher level of
      neural organization underlies control of human voluntary action.

PMID- 1195147
TI  - Linguistic nonimmediacy and self-presentation.
AB  - It has been previously shown that Ss accurately infer communicators' levels of
      negative effect on the basis of communicators' levels of linguistic nonimmediacy
      (the degree of verbal indirectness with which a communicator refers to himself or
      to that about which he communicates). It was hypothesized that Ss would also rely
      on communicators' levels of linguistic nonimmediacy for impression formation,
      specifically that Ss would perceive communicators using lower levels of
      linguistic nonimmediacy as more authoritative and as having a more positive
      character than communicators using higher levels of linguistic nonimmediacy. The
      hypothesis was partially confirmed in a study of 12 college students who rated
      samples of student speeches by means of McCroskey's impression formation
      instrument for public speakers. The results were discussed in terms of the role
      of language in self-presentation and the role of interpretative procedures in
      social interaction.

PMID- 1195148
TI  - Social decentering and locus of control in children.
AB  - Relationships beteen social decentering, personality variables, and social
      competence were investigated for children attending a seven-week therapeutic
      summer camp. Ss were 23 males and females ranging in age from 10 to 13 years old
      had been referred to the camp because they lacked age-appropriate social skills.
      Feffer's Role Taking Task was used to measure social decentering, and counselor
      ratings of camper adjustment were measures of social competence. Predicted
      positive relationships between decentering and competence were found. Striking
      sex differences were found, however, when comparisons were made between social
      decentering and two personality variables--the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of
      Control Scale and the Kiddie Mach. Predicted negative correlations were found
      between Role Taking Task scores and externality and machiavellianism for females,
      but not for males. Implications concerning age by sex interactions in the study
      of personality correlates of social decentering were discussed.

PMID- 1195149
TI  - Authoritarianism and All in the Family.
AB  - A questionnaire survey of a random sample of the adult population of Portland,
      Maine (N = 233) was used to determine (a) any relationship between
      authoritarianism and viewing the television program All in the Family, and (b)
      viewers' perceptions of the major character, Archie Bunker. No relationship was
      found to exist between authoritarianism and viewing. Archer Bunker was found to
      be a likable loser. Viewers generally disagreed with him and found him dissimilar
      to themselves. High authoritarians judged him slightly more positively on all
      dimensions than did low authoritarians. Recent speculation as to the popularity
      and effects of the show were discussed in terms of the data.

PMID- 1195150
TI  - The influence of males and females on the psychophysical judgments of females.
AB  - A transfer paradigm was employed to test the hypothesis that females influenced
      by males on one task would show more carryover of the influence effect to other
      tasks than would females influenced by other females. Thirty female college
      students made judgments on three cross-modal matching tasks. Experimental
      subjects gave their judgments on one task along with two male or two female
      confederates, who appeared to give discrepant judgments. They then made another
      series of private judgments on the other two tasks. Comparison to a control group
      and to an original series of provate judgments revealed a significant direct
      influence effect, but minimal transfer to the other two tasks. There was a
      nonsignificant tendency for the subjects to be more directly influenced by other
      females than by males, but this influence by the other females was accompanied by
      a decline in task confidence. Influence by males on females did not result in
      lowered confidence. This finding may be restricted to quantitative tasks and to
      American college students.

PMID- 1195151
TI  - A comparison of two measures of ego identity in high school adolescents.
AB  - A sample of 279 male and female high school seniors participated in a study on
      ego identity and personality structure. The adolescents completed the
      Constantinople Inventory of Psychosocial Development (IPD) and, on the basis of
      the principal components method of factor analysis, were found to group on three
      factors: Adolescent Identified, Industry Crisis, and Unresolved Crisis. A further
      subsample of 86 adolescents also completed the Rasmussen Ego Identity Scale
      (EIS). Comparisons of the two instruments yielded significant positive
      relationships on subscales, but indicated differential sources of identity scores
      and resultant possible misclassification of subjects through the use of a single
      identity score measure.

PMID- 1195152
TI  - Studies in the neurophysiology of learning: IX. Conditioning of evoked potentials
      due to cerebral stimulation.
AB  - The hypothesis to be tested was that if characteristic undulatory evoked
      potentials could be produced by electrical stimulation of the lateral
      hypothalamus, sensory stimuli originally neutral should evoke such potentials, if
      only of smaller amplitude. The results of experiments on four albino rats are
      reported. Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus by electrical current at 200
      biphasic rectangular pulses per second results in 7-12 cycles-per-second
      undulations persisting for about .5 second and derivable from several regions of
      the cerbrum. By means of the Pavlovian paradigm, it was possible to condition
      these to an auditory and to a visual stimulus. The conditioned undulations had
      smaller amplitudes, did not persist as long to CS as to US, and were
      characterized by considerable lability. From 100 to 300 CS-US pairings were
      required.

PMID- 1195153
TI  - Behavior therapy versus "will power" in the management of obesity.
AB  - In a study of the management of obesity 43 patients were randomly assigned to
      behavior therapy, will power, and no-treatment control groups. The behavioral
      treatment involved contingency contracting, stimulus control, self-monitoring,
      energy expenditure, and group reinforcement procedures over an 18-week period.
      The will power patients were told to do the same thing as the behavior therapy
      patients; however, instead of having formal contingencies and meeting regularly,
      they were told to apply "will power" on their own, as this was the most important
      aspect of losing weight. The third group was a standard no-treatment control
      group. Analyses of covariance indicated that (a) the behavior therapy group lost
      significantly more weight than the will power (p less than .05) and no-treatment
      control (p less than .01) groups, and (b) the will power and no-treatment control
      groups did not differ significantly from each other. An 18-week maintenance
      follow-up of the behavior therapy group indicated that there was no significant
      weight gain from the end of treatment to follow-up. Also, an analysis of time
      spent per patient suggested that the behavioral treatment employed in this study
      was more efficient than previous treatments.

PMID- 1195154
TI  - Two new species of Eimeria from colubrid snakes in Iowa.
AB  - Oocysts of Eimeria natricis sp. n. and Eimeria sipedon sp. n. were isolated from
      2 Northern Water Snakes, Natrix sipedon sipedon (Linnaeus), in Iowa. Oocysts of
      E. natricis were elongate, slightly ovoid, averaging in size 32.3 X 17.5 mum;
      sporocysts averaged 15.7 X 8.2 mum. Oocysts of E. sipedon were broadly ovoid
      averaging in size 18.0 X 15.9 mum; sporocysts averaged 12.0 X 7.4 mum. In both
      species, sporocyst residua were present, but micropyles, polar granules and
      oocyst residua were lacking.

PMID- 1195155
TI  - Eimeria cicaki sp. n. and Isospora thavari sp. n. from the house lizard Gehyra
      mutilata Boulenger in Malaysia.
AB  - Oocysts and endogenous stages  of new species of Eimeria and Isospora from the
      house lizard, Gehyra mutilata, are described. The ellipsoid to subspherical 2
      layered oocysts of E. cicaki averaged 24.0 X 21.0 mum. Polar granules are
      present. Micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent. Ellipsoid sporocysts average
      12.2 X 9.0 mum. A sporocyst residuum is present, but the Stieda body is absent.
      Endogenous stages are in epithelial cells of the small intestine. The
      subspherical single-layered oocysts of I. thavari average 23.8 X 22.8 mum. The
      polar granule is present; micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent. Ellipsoid
      sporocysts average 12.8 X 9.4 mum. Stieda body and sporocyst residuum are
      present. There are endogenous stages in epithelial cells of the small intestine.

PMID- 1195156
TI  - Quantitative ultrastructural investigations of the life cycle of Trypanosoma
      brucei: a morphometric analysis.
AB  - The quantitative ultrastructure of the developmental stages of Trypanosoma brucei
      brucei in its vector Glossina morsitans was studied by morphometric analysis.
      Values from ectoperitrophic midgut forms, proventricular forms, epimastigote and
      metacyclic forms in the salivary gland are compared with results from bloodstream
      forms, published previously. Significant differences in the volume densities of
      the trypanosome's single mitochondrion, of microbody-like organelles and in the
      surface densities of inner and outer mitochondrial membranes were found
      throughout the whole life cycle. A great increase in volume density of the
      mitochondrion was observed after transfer to the insect host; reduction took
      place during metacyclic development. Parallel to the biogenesis of the
      mitochondrion a reduction of microbodies was found in proventricular forms and
      there was a great increase in metacyclic forms concomitant with the regression of
      the mitochondrion. Metacyclic forms had a close quantitative morphologic
      similarity to bloodstream forms. The results are discussed in connection with
      changes in structure and in oxidative metabolism.

PMID- 1195157
TI  - Fine structure of the oocyst walls of Isospora serini and Isospora canaria and
      excystation of Isospora serini from the canary, Serinus canarius L.
AB  - Oocysts of Isospora serini and Isospora canaria, from the canary Serinus
      canarius, were broken, added to a cell suspension, fixed in Karnovsky's fluid,
      and studied in the electron microscope. The oocyst wall of each species had an
      electron-lucent inner layer, a more osmiophilic middle layer and an outer layer
      of electron-lucent (I. serini) or electron-dense material interspersed with some
      electron-lucent material (I. canaria). A few, relatively large lipid-like bodies
      were present in the outer or middle layer of the oocyst wall of I. canaria. As
      many as 9 membranes were present in the oocyst wall of I. canaria and 3 in that
      of I. serini. When exposed to a trypsin-sodium taurocholate fluid, sporozoites of
      I. serini excysted from 5-month-old sporocysts in vitro, but not from sporocysts
      stored for more than 6 months. No excystation occurred in 15-month-old I. canaria
      sporocysts. Similarities and differences in excystation between I. serini and
      other Isospora, Eimeria, and Sarcocystis species are discussed.

PMID- 1195158
TI  - Growth in vitro and metabolism of Plasmodium vinckei chabaudi.
AB  - An in vitro system, based on the rocker dilution technic, has been developed that
      supports intraerythrocytic growth of a rat-adapted strain of Plasmodium vinckei
      chabaudi from ring to schizont stages; some reinvasion was obtained, although
      invariably, this was associated with a decrease in parasite numbers. Pertinent
      features were the very high buffer content of the medium and the low oxygen
      tension of the gaseous phase. Lactate production, glucose utilization, and 3H
      leucine and 3H-adenosine incorporations were investigated for their suitability
      to monitor parasite growth. Throughout an 18-hr incubation there was a continuous
      and increasing production of lactate and utilization of glucose, which correlated
      well with the development of the parasites from ring to schizont stages. During
      the same period, there was a low but continuous and increasing incorporation of
      3H-leucine into parasite protein. However, 3H-adenosine was incorporated only for
      the 1st hr of incubation, after which time no net incorporation occurred.
      Parasites grew normally from ring to schizont stages even in the absence of
      adenosine from the dilution medium.

PMID- 1195159
TI  - Isolation of amylopectin granules and identification of amylopectin phosphorylase
      in the oocysts of Eimeria tenella.
AB  - Amylopectin granules were purified from Eimeria tenella oocysts following
      digestion with sodium dodecyl sulfate and pronase. The oval granules had a
      uniform size of 0.5 X 0.7 mum, and consisted of only glucose polymers. alpha
      Amylase treatment yielded 235 nmoles of maltose from the granules from 10(6)
      unsporulated oocysts and 93 nmoles maltose from those from 10(6) sporulated
      oocysts. Amylopectin phosphorylase activity was detected in the cytoplasm of
      unsporulated oocysts of E. tenella. It had a specific activity of 13 U/mg protein
      in crude extracts, and a pH optimum of 6.0. The Km values determined were 9.1 mM
      for glucose-1-phosphate and 5.6 mM for glucose end groups in potato amylopectin.
      Enzyme activity declined at a linear rate during sporulation, sporulated oocysts
      containing less than 8% of the activity of unsporulated oocysts. No amylase-type
      activity was found in the parasite.

PMID- 1195160
TI  - Myocardial infarction patients and work attitudes--an empirical study.

PMID- 1195161
TI  - Personality trait and symptom correlates of life change in a psychiatric
      population.

PMID- 1195162
TI  - An unsuccessful attempt to instrumentally condition peak expiratory flow rates in
      asthmatic children.

PMID- 1195164
TI  - Accident prevention: how and whom to educate.

PMID- 1195163
TI  - The treatment of early cancer of the breast. Some personal reflections.

PMID- 1195165
TI  - Crohn's disease in childhood.

PMID- 1195166
TI  - Crohn's disease of the appendix.

PMID- 1195167
TI  - Carcinoma of the large bowel in the young.

PMID- 1195168
TI  - Reconstruction of trachea with Marlex mesh pericardium following circumferential
      excision.

PMID- 1195169
TI  - Malignant lymphoma.

PMID- 1195170
TI  - The use of research.

PMID- 1195171
TI  - Bilateral adrenalectomy for advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 1195173
TI  - Myositis ossificans as a complication of tetanus.

PMID- 1195172
TI  - Anticonvulsant osteomalacia.

PMID- 1195174
TI  - Hypertensive encephalopathy following lienorenal anastomosis.

PMID- 1195175
TI  - A preliminary study into factors predisoposing mountaineers to high altitude
      pulmonary oedema.

PMID- 1195176
TI  - Repair of prostato-rectal fistula.

PMID- 1195177
TI  - A forgotten cause of vertigo.

PMID- 1195179
TI  - Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and suspected cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1195178
TI  - A case of backache on Polaris patrol.

PMID- 1195180
TI  - A supernumerary tooth in the lower molar region: a case report.

PMID- 1195181
TI  - A case of grossly infected fracture of the mandible.

PMID- 1195182
TI  - The incidence and epidemiology of tinea pedis in the crew of a nuclear submarine.

PMID- 1195183
TI  - Exercise myoglobinemia and acute exertional rhabdomyolysis.

PMID- 1195184
TI  - The prevalence of abnormal haemoglobins among a group of Ghanaian naval ratings.

PMID- 1195185
TI  - Reactions of hydroxyl radicals with nucleic acid bases and the related compounds
      in gamma-irradiated aqueous solution.

PMID- 1195186
TI  - Analyses of radioprotective action and cytotoxicity of various sulfhydryl
      compounds in cultured mouse L cells.

PMID- 1195187
TI  - Thermoluminescence studies on plant seeds of different radiosensitivity.

PMID- 1195188
TI  - Accumulation of radionuclides in coastal sediment of Japan (II). Contents of
      fission products in some coastal sediments collected in 1966-1972.

PMID- 1195189
TI  - Characterization of free DNP induced by x-irradiation in rat spleen.

PMID- 1195191
TI  - Influences of marine sediment on the accumulation of radionuclides by green alga
      (Ulva pertusa).

PMID- 1195190
TI  - The radioprotective effect against gamma-irradiation of methylene blue in the rat
      with reference to serum enzymes and pancreatic protein fractions examined by
      isoelectric focusing.

PMID- 1195192
TI  - A physical dose estimates for A-bomb survivors. Studies at Oak Ridge, U.S.A.

PMID- 1195193
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. F. Aging.

PMID- 1195194
TI  - Physical dose estimates for A-bomb survivors. Studies at Chiba, Japan.

PMID- 1195195
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. G. Chromosome aberrations in somatic cells.

PMID- 1195196
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. H. Cataracts.

PMID- 1195197
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors.
      III. Future research and health surveillance. A. Health surveillance studies.

PMID- 1195198
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors.
      III. Future research and health surveillance. B. Future research.

PMID- 1195199
TI  - Dose estimation from residual and fallout radioactivity. 1. Areal surveys.

PMID- 1195200
TI  - Dose estimation from residual and fallout radioactivity. 2. A simulated neutron
      activation experiment.

PMID- 1195201
TI  - Dose estimation from residual and fallout radioactivity. 3. Fallout in the
      Nagasaki--Nishiyama district.

PMID- 1195202
TI  - Diagnostic and therapeutic radiation exposure.

PMID- 1195203
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. A. Acute effects.

PMID- 1195204
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. B. Genetic effects. 1. Early genetic surveys and mortality
      study.

PMID- 1195205
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. B. Genetic effects. 2. Cytogenetic study.

PMID- 1195206
TI  - Growth and development following prenatal and childhood exposure to atomic
      radiation.

PMID- 1195207
TI  - Review of thirty years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. II.
      Biological effects. E. Cancers other than leukemia.

PMID- 1195208
TI  - [Comparison between gastric radiology and fiber endoscopy (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper summarizes the experience from 1969 to 1972 of a mixed team of
      radiologists and endoscopists at the Northern Marseilles University Hospital
      Centre. The patients were unselected and the team were not given all the
      information. After recalling the clinical and radiological conditions, together
      with the endoscopic conditions of the examination, the authors define the
      criteria which they chose to orient patients towards fiber endoscopy, i.e. either
      frankly abnormal radiology, or a radiological examination classed as normal in
      563 cases, but which the team considered doubtful. They then report their
      results. Under these conditions, the results seem to be less unfavourable for
      radiology than would have been thought, for only 7% of the results were made by
      endoscopy alone (96 cases out of 1,500). In both benign and malignant ulcer,
      fiber endoscopy simply confirmed the radiological diagnosis and, in 54% of all
      the examinations, fiber endoscopy confirmed the normal character of radiology.
      However, in deciding whether carcinoma or benign ulcer, i.e. 11% of the cases of
      carcinoma and 14% of the cases of benign ulcer, radiology completely omitted the
      diagnosis of the lesion which might seem unacceptable. They conclude by asking
      radiologists to improve their technique of lesion detection and concentrate their
      examination on the smallest visible lesion in areas considered diffcult to
      explore radiologically. They are more and more circumspect about giving a full
      etiological diagnosis of lesions by radiology, especially in gastric ulceration
      where fiber endoscopy and direct biopsy seems more and more advisable.

PMID- 1195209
TI  - [Anastomoses of the hepatic arteries angiographic appearances (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of 3,000 selective arteriograms of the coeliac trunk, the authors
      described the radiological appearance of anastomoses existing between the hepatic
      arteries. The anatomical study of COUINAUD had shown their existence. The
      increasingly frequent use of hepatic arteriography makes the demonstration
      easier. Such anastomoses exist under normal conditions but are more obvious,
      since they are increased in size, in various pathological states, in particular
      when there is obstruction of a hepatic artery. The anastomoses are of two types:
      of small calibre and usually situated in the porta hepatis or in the upper part
      of the hepatic pedicle; of wide calibre, a true embryonic rest, providing a
      communication between branches of the hepatic arteries. Such anastomoses may
      function in both directions. They are of great value under pathological
      conditions, avoiding hepatic necrosis. They are particularly common in
      complications following surgery on the common or other bile ducts.

PMID- 1195210
TI  - [Ultrasonic diagnosis of pancreatic conditions: a new tentative at a rational
      approach based on the analysis of 300 cases which were checked (with real time
      and degraded intensity scale). (author's transl)].
AB  - For a long time, echotomography of the pancreas was limited to the identification
      of pseudocysts. Little by little, those using ultrasound learnt how to construct
      images of the pancreatic gland itself, and faced with the changes in size and
      shape of the latter to recognize lesional processes. Analysis of the pancreatic
      echostructure represents an important step in the progress of the diagnosis of
      lesions. Echotomography, the results of which must be compared with those of
      roentgenological methods of exploration, as well as the clinical and laboratory
      data, enables the attainment of very fiable diagnoses of chronic pancreatitis
      with or without pseudo-cysts, of acute pancreatitis or of rare cystic tumors. The
      precision of the results however depends fundamentally on technical data: it is
      necessary to combine with the classical apparatus, with manual displacement of
      the wave, a tomo-echoscopic apparatus, with real time; above all, it is necessary
      to use the degraded intensity scale. This scale is innate in real time
      apparatuses. At present it takes the form of a complementary module, on the
      classical apparatuses. Without these technical conditions, real time and degraded
      intensity scale, it seems impossible to attack the problem of ultrasonic
      diagnosis of pancreatic conditions, except by exposing oneself to disappointments
      which would unmeritedly cast discredit on the method. Six years of experience,
      several thousands of pancreatic examinations, three hundred pancreatic lesions
      which were anatomically checked has however convinced us of the importance of
      echotomography in this field.

PMID- 1195211
TI  - [Selective tomography in the study of the temporo-mandibular joint. (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The majority of temporo-mandibular pains and dysfunction can be related directly
      or indirectly to the occlusal relationship of the teeth. The first manifestation
      is a slight reduction of the interarticular space, that must be early diagnosed,
      to prevent organic changes. Tomography is the one technique able to give a exact
      information of temporo-mandibular joint. But if we ask to that examination to
      detect very slight change of the interarticular space, the technique must be
      accurate and established in function of morphology of the patient; we have
      observed great variations in direction of the axis of condyles from one person to
      the other, and even from one side to the other for the same subject. So that, the
      first stage of the roentgen examination will be a radiograph taken in
      submentovertical (Hirtz) position. We measure the angle formed by the axis of
      each condyle and the sagittal median plane. The maim beam wil be directed in the
      axis of the condyle for sagittal tomography and perpendicularly for frontal
      tomography. It is important to state precisely that for tomography "closed
      mouth", the patient must be in terminal occlusion during the whole examination.
      For tomography "open mouth" we place a wedge between dental arches.

PMID- 1195212
TI  - [Radiological atteration of sacro-iliac junctions in secondary
      hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)].
AB  - The systematic exploration of the skeleton on patients in periodic hemodialysis,
      has shown a high incidence in alteration of sacro-iliac junctions. In respect of
      osteodystrophic alteration of the phalanges, the appearance is late and with
      continued hemodialytic treatment there is a turn for the worse. The exact
      definition has been obtained only with tomography. The radiological picture show
      a pseudoenlargement of the articular cleft, with shaded aspect of outlines and
      phenomena of periarticular bone thickening.

PMID- 1195213
TI  - [Abnormalities of the aortic arches discovered at bronchography in children with
      bronchial disorders (author's transl)].
AB  - In four children, aged respectively 2, 6, 8 and 11 years, an abnormality of the
      aortic arches was discovered fortuitously during bronchoscopy. The latter was
      carried out in an attempt to assess bronchial lesions in children suffering from
      chronic or recurrent bronchopneumonia. The authors stress the importance of
      careful examination of the mediastinum in such cases, the diagnosis of the causal
      vascular abnormality (double aortic arch in all four cases) being possible by
      simple radiological examinations with no element of aggression.

PMID- 1195214
TI  - [Post-traumatic pseudo-aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The authors report a case of post-traumatic pseudo-aneurysm of the pericallosal
      artery in an 11 year old child. The lesion was secondary to a perforating wound
      of the roof of the right orbit, the eye itself being undamaged.

PMID- 1195215
TI  - [Gaseous encephalography under ketamine hydrochloride general anesthesia in the
      child (author's transl)].
AB  - The aim of this technical note is to show that ketamine hydrochloride anesthesia,
      owing to the preservation of muscle tone, enables one to safely and comfortably
      carry out gaseous encephalography on a simple radiological table in the toddler
      or child. However the authors very strictly select the indications for this
      investigation. Whenever the child's clinical condition leads one to suspect
      intracranial hypertension and/or a cerebral tumor, they think it more prudent,
      owing to the vasopressor effect of ketamine hydrochloride and a possible
      elevation in the cerebrospinal fluid pressure, to transfer the child to a
      specialized neuroradiological center, where the investigations would be carried
      out under the best technical conditions, and close to a neurosurgical unit which
      is capable of intervening rapidly in case of complications. The authors
      voluntarily limit their indications to children suffering from psychomotor
      retardation, epilepsy or neurological disorders which make one suspect a
      congenital malformation.

PMID- 1195216
TI  - [Pelvimetry (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple and precise technique for pelvimetry, delivering only a low dose of
      irradiation, is described. It includes the usual lateral view, but for the AP
      uses that of Fernstroem. The technique and results are described.

PMID- 1195217
TI  - [The uterine contents (author's transl)].
AB  - The technique used for radiological examination of the uterine contents must be
      adapted to the reason for which it is being carried out. In particular, a study
      of bony maturation of the foetal knee may be carried out using a localised film,
      with compression and in lateral view, of the maternal abdomen. The technique of
      the large scoit film in ventral decubitus is reviewed; the study of the uterine
      contents, on lateral projection, which localisation and compression is described.

PMID- 1195218
TI  - [Measurement of the anteversion angle of the femoral neck (author's transl)].
AB  - The recommended technique is based on the principles of descriptive geometric.
      The views of the femoral neck in two perpendicular positions suffice to measure
      two projected angles, the degrees of which are used to make up a very simple
      drawing which gives the exact value of the anteversion angle.

PMID- 1195219
TI  - [Trial of a new flexible cassette in general radiology (author's transl)].
AB  - The flexible cassette is a detector of undisputable value, particularly in the
      radiology of patients who have been subjected to trauma, patients who cannot be
      transported and above all in "locked" joints. Thus the authors think that it is
      indispensable for all radiologists to have a set of flexible cassettes at their
      disposal.

PMID- 1195220
TI  - Deafness in middle age--how big is the problem?
AB  - Screening for hearing defect by questionnaire and audiogram was undertaken in two
      group practices in the South-east of England in a total of 2,278 people aged 40
      64 years.The prevalence of deafness in the combined populations of these two
      practices as measured by audiogram was found to be 5.8 per cent (+/- 0.5 per
      cent; one standard error). This figure is much more than estimates derived from
      American data for use in Britain. The prevalence of deafness was shown to
      increase with lower social class and age. The questionnaire was found to be
      unreliable for prevalence studies, but was thought to have some use as a
      screening instrument.There was an incidental finding of increased hearing defects
      in the left ears of men. The firing of rifles was felt to be a possible
      explanation of this.

PMID- 1195221
TI  - Long-surviving hypertensives--a 15-year follow-up.
AB  - In a London suburban general practice 87 hypertensives have been followed up for
      more than 15 years. These represented one third of all those (270) aged 30-59
      diagnosed as being hypertensive. Females outnumbered males by 2.5: 1. Most (85
      per cent), had mild or moderate high blood pressure at first diagnosis with a
      diastolic blood pressure less than 120mm Hg.At assessment 15-25 years from first
      diagnosis, 58 (78 per cent) were still alive and of these 51 (58 per cent) were
      well and had no obvious ill effects; 17 (20 per cent) had complications from
      their high blood pressures. Deaths occurred in 19 (22 per cent) after more than
      15 years of observation.I suggest that within the condition which we label as
      hypertension there are many in whom the condition is relatively benign and may be
      left untreated with hypotensives. These tend to be women rather than men, the
      older rather than the younger, and those with lower diastolic blood
      pressures.Once diagnosed, high blood pressure is not necessarily a progressive
      condition. In one third (30 per cent) of this group the diastolic blood pressures
      fell during the period of observation, in 18 per cent it remained unchanged and
      in 52 per cent it rose.

PMID- 1195222
TI  - Deaths and complications from hypertension.
AB  - In a long term follow-up over 25 years in a general practice the observed courses
      of complications and deaths in a group of 704 hypertensives were recorded and
      compared with those that occurred in the practice as a whole over the same
      period. The risks to the hypertensives were calculated as ratios of the observed:
      expected (O/E) complications and mortalities.Of the total number of complications
      and deaths (418), one half were cardiovascular and one-third were strokes.The O/E
      rates for coronary artery diseases as a whole showed no extra risks for the
      hypertensives, but the risks for young female hypertensives were appreciably
      higher. The O/E rates were nearly three times higher for females. The risks of
      hypertensives suffering from coronary artery diseases fell with age in both
      sexes.The observed rates for strokes were nearly four times greater than those
      expected. The O/E rates were similar in males and females. There was a decline
      with age.An unexpected finding was the higher O/E rate for dementia in elderly
      female hypertensives.The findings confirm the higher risks of complications and
      deaths for hypertensives, but within the whole spectrum of hypertension are some
      groups who are more vulnerable than others. These are males and those under 60
      years of age. These vulnerables probably account for less than one half of all
      hypertensives diagnosed. It is suggested that a much more discriminating policy
      for the management of hypertension is accepted in order to make diagnosis and
      treatment of those hypertensives who really need intensive care practical,
      feasible, and possible.

PMID- 1195223
TI  - The choice of practice location.
AB  - A ten per cent sample survey of all general practitioners in England and Wales in
      1969-70 included two questions about the choice of practice location. The most
      common reasons given were the absence of any real alternatives (in the immediate
      post-war period), the influence of family or friends, the existence of medical
      contacts in the area, and favourable points about the practice itself.In
      considering possible future moves, general practitioners would pay closest
      attention to the educational facilities of an area, its rural or coastal
      location, its social and cultural amenities, and the practice conditions. The
      conclusion is drawn that financial incentives are unlikely to contribute much
      towards a more equal distribution of general-practitioner manpower. More thought
      should be given to recruitment to the medical profession in under-doctored areas
      through the development of the highest professional standards and facilities in
      such places.

PMID- 1195224
TI  - The diagnosis of pregnancy in general practice.
AB  - In 1,631 pregnancies presenting to general practitioners, the reliability of
      three proprietary slide tests for the diagnosis of pregnancy was assessed both
      against the outcome and against the results of hospital tests done at the same
      time. When all patients were considered the reliability of such tests done in the
      surgery was 85 per cent against a 90 per cent for hospital tests and when only
      patients who were more than 42 days pregnant were included, the accuracy figure
      rose to 87 per cent in general practice and 91 per cent in hospital.The time
      delay before the results of the hospital test was assessed showed a mean of three
      days which is considered unacceptable if there are urgent clinical reasons for
      the test being done. The doctors participating listed their reasons for doing
      tests and in 54 per cent of cases urgent confirmation or otherwise of the
      pregnancy was considered essential by either doctor or patient. In the remaining
      46 per cent this confirmation was considered simply helpful rather than
      essential. The study showed that the accuracy of the test, when delegated to a
      nurse, was acceptable and that in a proportion of three to one the participating
      doctors considered that the test was of value and worthwhile in patient care.

PMID- 1195225
TI  - Family portraits--a method of recording family history.
AB  - Family doctors are particularly concerned with family relationships. Family
      relationships are generally poorly recorded in general practice in the
      traditional records. Conversion to A4 folders in the practice provided an
      opportunity to develop a diagramatic representation of family structure and thus
      create for each patient a family ;portrait.'

PMID- 1195226
TI  - Moving to a health centre--the effect on workload and patients.
AB  - A detailed study of the workload of an urban practice was made during a six-month
      period before and after moving into a health centre to see if the pattern changed
      after the move. It was found that the services provided enabled a much greater
      proportion of routine work to be done by the practice nurse so that the doctor
      could spend more time with the patients seen by him.A survey of the opinion of
      patients showed that the great majority was pleased with the services offered in
      the new premises and did not feel that they had lost contact with their own
      doctor.

PMID- 1195227
TI  - Referral letters from general practitioners.
AB  - If continuity of care is to be preserved, then the process by which a patient is
      referred to hospital is important. We have analysed a series of letters of
      referral from general practitioners with special reference to the diagnoses made
      and the inclusion of a relevant history.

PMID- 1195228
TI  - A course for practice nurses.

PMID- 1195229
TI  - Quality of care in general practice.

PMID- 1195230
TI  - Patients' satisfaction and reported acceptance of advice in general practice.
AB  - Patients' views were sought by questionnaires and home visits on how satisfied
      they were with the care they received from their general practitioners and how
      much of the advice received they were prepared to accept. The results showed a
      high degree of satisfaction and a higher level than has been found in hospital.
      Studies like this may identify difficulties which some patients may have and help
      doctors to make difficult advice easier to follow.

PMID- 1195231
TI  - Postherpetic neuralgia.
AB  - Postherpetic neuralgia was studied in a general-practice population (3,600-3,800)
      for 26 years, 1947-1972. Postherpetic neuralgia followed 46 (14.3 per cent) of
      the 321 cases of zoster. No neuralgia occurred after zoster in those under 30
      years old. The incidence was strongly associated with age, the highest, 34.4 per
      cent of the zosters, being in people over 80 years old.Women, especially between
      50 and 69 years old, suffered more zoster than men, and women with zoster
      suffered more postherpetic neuralgia.The incidence of neuralgia was not affected
      by the anatomical location of the zoster. The duration of neuralgia was unrelated
      to the age of the patient. Cranial neuralgias lasted much longer on average than
      neuralgia in other sites. Lumbar and sacral neuralgia were short-lived.

PMID- 1195232
TI  - Organising a physiotherapy service in general practice.
AB  - This paper describes three years' experience of running a domiciliary
      physiotherapy service based on general practice and financed by limited voluntary
      funds.The need arose from the remoteness of, and lack of, open access to,
      hospital physiotherapy. This was particularly so for elderly patients who were
      often frail and mentally confused. In addition there were obvious advantages in
      properly instructing relatives in management and treatment, especially since many
      of the patients and their relatives expressed a desire for home treatment.There
      was also a desire on the part of the general practitioners, nurses, and ancillary
      workers to develop further the teamwork in the health services of the four
      villages involved. Details of the constitution of the voluntary service and its
      financial arrangements are given.The results of the service and the nature of its
      work are described. There were no difficulties experienced in selecting the
      correct patients for treatment and the type of equipment required was almost all
      normally available through the health authority nursing service. There was no
      great need for expensive or heavy equipment and no transport problems arose.It
      was found that one hour of physiotherapist's time per 1,000 patients per week was
      adequate to cover all patients requiring short-term intensive therapy and to
      allow a small amount of palliative therapy in addition, although this had not
      been the original intention of the service.The physiotherapist averaged about 40
      hours work per month and under these conditions the travelling and costs averaged
      1.54 miles and 83 pence per visit. With self-determined hours of work and
      flexible timing, these conditions proved ideal for a married physiotherapist with
      the responsibility of a young family. Expansion of the hours of work in this
      particular area would have led to wasteful visits devoted to palliative and
      placebo therapy; and extension of the service beyond the area defined, would have
      increased travelling time at the expense of working time. Thus there appear to be
      considerable advantages in keeping general-practice based domiciliary
      physiotherapy work on a part-time basis and looking for staff living close to the
      practice.

PMID- 1195234
TI  - Nursing in general practice in the re-organised National Health Service.

PMID- 1195233
TI  - Physiotherapy in general practice.
AB  - Approximately nine per cent of all episodes and of all consultations in this
      practice during a two-year period were for musculo-skeletal disorders. Absence of
      ready access to hospital physiotherapy departments stimulated us to explore the
      possibilities of organising a private physiotherapy service.A scheme has now been
      in operation for over two years in which a physiotherapist treats patients on the
      practice premises. In this way it has been possible to provide prompt effective
      treatment at about one third of normal private physiotherapy charges. The scheme
      has succeeded from the points of view of therapeutic efficacy, of convenience to
      patients, to doctors and to physiotherapist, and of economy. The range of
      conditions treated and the results of treatment are described.

PMID- 1195235
TI  - Letter: Why prescribe antibiotics for all sore throats?

PMID- 1195236
TI  - Training the general practitioner in psychiatry.

PMID- 1195237
TI  - Yorkshire Faculty Oration 1974. The logic of medicine--the contribution of
      general practice to the understanding of clinical method.

PMID- 1195238
TI  - Working together in a team for primary health care--a guide to dangerous country.

PMID- 1195239
TI  - Primary medical care in the Ukraine.

PMID- 1195240
TI  - Evidence of the Royal College of General Practitioners to the Select Committee of
      Parliament on the Abortion (Amendment) Bill.
AB  - The Royal College of General Practitioners is, of course, fully aware that the
      regulation of the conditions for abortion is inevitably difficult and complex and
      that opinions are often difficult to reconcile.Nevertheless, the College has been
      able to establish the grave concern of many of its members at the proposals
      outlined in this Bill. The College has not received one single letter in support
      of the Abortion (Amendment) Bill.The College notes that the Lane Committee (1974)
      carried out a very full and detailed review of the working of the Abortion Act
      and published its view only last year. The College notes that the Lane Committee
      took evidence from those with every shade of opinion, examined in detail
      virtually every published scientific report on abortion in this country, and,
      furthermore, commissioned and published specific evidence about the working of
      the 1967 Abortion Act.The College notes that the Lane Committee contained
      members, in addition to general practitioners, who were lawyers, administrative
      medical officers, psychiatrists, gynaecologists, social workers, and women
      representing the public, and that its work took about three years to carry
      out.The Royal College of General Practitioners endorses the work of the Lane
      Committee and therefore recommends that the recommendations of that Committee
      should be implemented instead of the proposals in the Abortion (Amendment) Bill.

PMID- 1195241
TI  - Doctors and drug dependency. Beyond the fringe.
AB  - Three widely different fringe organisations outside the National Health Service
      working on the treatment of drug dependence are described.The immense problems
      facing one organisation dealing with barbiturate addiction are emphasised, with
      hope for more widespread recognition of this addiction by general practitioners
      combined with more strenuous efforts by medical politicians to reduce the sources
      of supply.

PMID- 1195242
TI  - Experiments on egg transfer in the cow and ewe: dependence of conception rate on
      the transfer procedure and stage of the oestrous cycle.
AB  - The effects on embryo survival of procedures used in transferring eggs non
      surgically were investigated in three experiments in ewes and heifers. In Exp. 1,
      two techniques for introducing eggs into the uterus through the cervix in heifers
      were compared; namely (i) deposition of the eggs high into the uterine horn or
      (ii) into the body of the uterus. Both methods were followed by inflation of the
      uterus with carbon dioxide. Out of a total of 34 heifers, only one became
      pregnant by the use of Method (i). Non-surgical egg tansfers early (Days 3 to 5)
      or later (Days 6 to 9) in the oestrous cycles of heifers  were carried out in
      Exp. 2. Three transfer procedures were compared: (i) pipette transfer of an egg
      into the body of the uterus through the cervix (control), (ii) the control
      procedure performed under Fluothane anaesthesia, or (iii) followed by inflation
      of the uterus with carbon dioxide. Wide transfers carried out early in the cycle,
      pregnancies resulted in 1/10, 0/10 and 1/10 of the heifers in the control, carbon
      dioxide and Fluothane groups, respectively. With late transfers, 7/20, 1/10 and
      8/20 heifers became pregnant in the respective treatment groups. This trend for
      pregnancy rate to be improved when late transfers were done in the control and
      Fluothane groups was significant only at the 10% level of probability when both
      groups were pooled. It was tentatively concluded, however, that non-surgical
      transfers of fertilized eggs to heifers may be best done during mid-cycle, after
      Day 6. Fluothane anaesthesia did not improve conception rate. Inflation of the
      uterus with carbon dioxide appeared to be deleterious when used at the mid-cycle
      stage in heifers. In Exp. 3, it was found that inflation of the ewe's uterus with
      carbon dioxide or nitrogen following the surgical thansfer of an egg did not
      affect the incidence of pregnancy. The introduction of 50 mul liquid Fluothane
      into the lumen of the uterus was embryotoxic.

PMID- 1195243
TI  - The effects of alpha-chlorohydrin on the composition of rat and rabbit epididymal
      plasma: a possible explanation of species difference.
AB  - The relationship between the antifertility effect of alpha-chlorohydrin and
      changes in composition of luminal plasma from the cauda epididymidis of rats and
      rabbits has been investigated. At each dose regimen studied, the fertilizing
      capacity of rats treated with alpha-chlorohydrin was reduced to zero. The levels
      of sodium, potassium, glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), acid phosphatase and
      alkaline phosphatase in epididymal plasma were not markedly affected by drug
      treatment. The most noticeable change was a considerable increase in the
      concentration of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) at all dose levels and of glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) after 7 days of treatment with 8 and 16 mg/kg. The
      effect of cold shock on the composition of epididymal plasma showed that LDH and
      GOT are, at least in part, derived from spermatozoa. In contrast, alpha
      chlorohydrin did not have an antifertility action in the rabbit, and the only
      notable change in the compositon of epididymal plasma was an increase in the
      level of GPC.  These results provide evidence that, in the rat, alpha
      chlorohydrin or a metabolite primarily exerts its antifertility effect by a
      direct action on the spermatozoa, whilst in the rabbit a barrier may exist to the
      entrance of the drug into the lumen of the epididymal duct.

PMID- 1195244
TI  - Nucleic acid metabolism of cells of the luminal epithelium and stroma of the rat
      uterus during early pregnancy.
AB  - The uptake of [5-3H]uridine into RNA and DNA of the cells of the uterine luminal
      epithelium, stroma and myometrium of the rat has been studied in early pregnancy
      using a technique for separation of the cell fractions before quantitative
      analysis. Comparisons of the metabolism between the pregnant and pseudopregnant
      horn of the unilaterally ovariectomized rat has shown that RNA and DNA synthesis
      are markedly increased by 04.00 hours on the morning of Day 5 in the pregnant
      horn. This increased metabolism occurs in all cell fractions and before the zona
      pellucida is shed. The results are discussed in relation to the onset of the
      decidual response.

PMID- 1195245
TI  - Histochemical observations on the lipid changes in the ovarian interstitial gland
      tissue of rats.
AB  - Lipid changes were studied histochemically in the ovarian interstitial tissue of
      untreated and hormone-treated rats during the oestrous cycle, pseudopregnancy,
      pregnancy and lactation. The hormones tested were LH, prolactin and oestradiol
      benzoate, alone or in combination. Conspicuous lipid changes occurred only in
      response to LH.

PMID- 1195246
TI  - An example of polyploidy in pig blastocysts.

PMID- 1195247
TI  - 17-Hydroxyandrogens and oestrogens in the plasma of normal and infertile men.

PMID- 1195248
TI  - Regional sensitivity of the testicular artery to noradrenaline in ram, rabbit,
      rat and boar.

PMID- 1195249
TI  - Effects on long-term cadmium exposure on the seminal vesicles of mice.
AB  - Male CBA-mice were exposed to cadmium by subcutaneous injection of 2-2 mumol
      CdCl2/kg body weight for 5 days/week for 6 months. A decrease in normal
      (testosterone-dependent) proteinuria was shown, and morphological examination of
      the seminal vesicles revealed a smaller weight and size as well as histological
      indication of lower secretory activity of the epithelium compared to controls.
      The findings are consistent with a theory implying a decreased testosterone
      activity in cadmium-treated animals.

PMID- 1195250
TI  - Annual changes in the sexual potency of captive male rhesus monkeys.

PMID- 1195251
TI  - Effect of underfeeding, hemigonadectomy, sex and cyproterone acetate on serum FSH
      levels in immature rats.

PMID- 1195252
TI  - Fructolysis and respiration of buffalo spermatozoa.

PMID- 1195253
TI  - Conception rates and related data using frozen dog semen.

PMID- 1195254
TI  - Induction of deciduomata by intrauterine copper in the rabbit.

PMID- 1195255
TI  - Effect of epididymal isolation on the protein component of bull eididymal tissue.
AB  - Four fractions of protein from intact and 'isolated' bull epididymides were
      extracted. The total extractable protein was increased by isolation mainly due to
      increases in the lipoprotein and DNA-protein fractions. Changes of lipoprotein
      may be associated with the increase of lipid which also occurs in isolated
      tissue. This may reflect the increase of pentose cycle activity and lipogenesis
      due to the absence of spermatozoa in the epididymal tubules. Changes of DNA
      protein may indicate a change of protein metabolism. Electrophoresis of protein
      fractions showed that individual proteins may be changed by the zonal origin of
      the epididymal tissue and the presence or absence of spermatozoa in the
      epididymal tubules.

PMID- 1195256
TI  - Plasma progesterone, androstenedione and testosterone concentrations in
      freemartin heifers.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione and progesterone in
      freemartins, and normal cyclic and non-cyclic heifers were studied. The plasma
      testosterone concentrations were in general less than 10 pg/ml in all animals.
      The mean androstenedione concentration of 28 pg/ml in 10- to 12-month-old
      freemartins was significantly lower than the mean of 58 to 60 pg/ml for normal 10
      to 12-month-old heifers. At 24 months of age the mean androstenedione
      concentration in the freemartins had risen significantly to 65 pg/ml.

PMID- 1195257
TI  - Temporary sterility produced in male mice by 5-thio-D-glucose.
AB  - When 5-thio-D-glucose was fed to male mice at daily dose levels greater than 30
      mg/kg sperm development was completely inhibited within 3 weeks and remained so
      without impairment of libido for the experimental period of 7 weeks. Removal of
      this substance from the diet resulted in a resumption of sperm development and
      fertility within 5 to 8 weeks. Normal litters were sired by males which had
      recovered after this treatment.

PMID- 1195258
TI  - Relationship between the electrical activity of the oviduct and the uterus of the
      rabbit in vivo.
AB  - The electrical activity of the whole genital tract of the rabbit was recorded by
      means of chronically implanted electrodes after section of the uterotubal
      junction on one side. When the junction was intact, the activity of the isthmus
      and that of the proximal uterine horn occurred almost simultaneously, but uterine
      activity decreased after the junction was cut. During the preovulatory phase and
      also after administration of HCG, synchronos activity due to adrenergic drugs,
      smoke or oxytocin persisted on both sides of the uterotubal junction.
      Hypersensitivity of the isthmus and the proximal segment of the uterine horn was
      recorded on the cut side after ovariectomy. The concept of a local control
      mechanism in the region of the uterotubal junction with a positive control of the
      uterus by the oviduct is suggested.

PMID- 1195259
TI  - Maturation iv vitro of ovarian oocytes of prepubertal and adult hamsters.
AB  - Oocytes of various sizes were isolated from ovaries of sexually mature and
      prepubertal hamsters and cultured ot determine whether all the oocytes were
      capable of maturing in vitro. It was found that only the oocytes that had
      attained maximum size (about 80 mum in the vitelline diameter) were capable of
      undergoing maturation in vitro. Smaller oocytes (less than 80 mum in diameter)
      failed either to initiate or to complete maturation. The oocytes which were
      capable of maturing in vitro (competent oocytes) were present in the ovaries of
      adult females 136 to 138 hr before ovulation. The competent oocytes first
      appeared in the ovaries of prepubertal females on the 23rd day after birth, about
      10 days before puberty.

PMID- 1195260
TI  - Evidence of prolactin cell deficiency in connection with low reproductive
      efficiency of female 'torpid' mice.
AB  - The pituitary of female 'torpid' mice at the age of sexual maturity was deficient
      in prolactin cells. This deficiency is thought to contribute to the infertility
      of the affected mice.

PMID- 1195261
TI  - Correlation of colposcopically directed biopsy and conization with histologic
      diagnosis of cervical lesions.
AB  - This study describes 50 patients with abnormal cervical Papanicolaou smears who
      had colposcopically directed biopsies and then subsequent cervical conization.
      The objective was to test the accuracy of directed biopsies compared with that of
      standard method of diagnosis. A significant difference between the two methods
      occurred in 4% of patients. This figure is the same as that gained from a review
      of current literature (3.8%). There were no invasive carcinomas in this series.

PMID- 1195262
TI  - Induction of midtrimester abortion with intraamniotic urea, intravenous oxytocin
      and laminaria.
AB  - Midtrimester abortion was accomplished in 75 patients by the intraamniotic
      instillation of 80 g of urea and the intravenous administration of oxytocin. In
      33 of the patients, laminaria tents were inserted into the cervix. No severe
      complication occurred; all fetuses were stillborn. A single urea instillation was
      effective in 94.6% of the patients. The mean instillation-abortion interval was
      significantly (p less than 0.02) shorter in patients with laminaria tents than in
      those without. The tents probably prevent cervical rupture in s-me patients.
      Significant but transient changes occurred in platelet count and blood urea
      nitrogen one hour after urea instillation. Surgical removal of the placenta was
      required in 18.7% of the 75 patients; infection occurred in 2.6%. The combined
      use of urea, oxytocin, and laminaria appears to be an effective and relatively
      safe method of inducing abortion during the second trimester.

PMID- 1195263
TI  - The effect of isoxsuprine treatment of estrogen levels in maternal and umbilical
      cord plasma.
AB  - Estrogen concentrations in maternal plasma were determined in ten apparently
      normal patients attending clinic in the last trimester of pregnancy before,
      during, and after a maximum of four weeks isoxsuprine treatment. Eleven control
      patients were also studied at similar times of pregnancy. Isoxsuprine treatment
      appeared to have no specific effect on the levels of either estradiol alone or on
      total estrogens with all patients studied showing some increase in the
      concentrations of these estrogens as the pregnancies approached term. In four
      other patients treated with isoxsuprine for pregnancy complications, changes in
      plasma total estrogen concentrations during treatment were variable and did not
      correlate with the amount administered. The levels of estradiol in umbilical cord
      plasma from 17 isoxsuprine-treated pregnancies were similar to those observed in
      24 non-treated pregnancies.

PMID- 1195264
TI  - Increase in splenic macrophage precursor cells and its relation to a decrease in
      inhibitor acitivity.

PMID- 1195265
TI  - The choleretic action of Genebile in a dog.
AB  - A procedure for cannulating the bile duct of the dog is described. An
      intramuscular injection of Genebile increased the bile flow rate. A possible
      mechanism for this increase is suggested.

PMID- 1195267
TI  - Chronic fluoride poisoning in sheep.
AB  - Chronic fluoride poisoning in sheep and cattle was diagnosed on a farm in the
      Vredenburg district, Cape Province, and confirmed by laboratory analysis. The
      source of the poisoning was pastures contaminated with rock phosphate dust
      containing 2,1 to 3,3% of fluoride emitted from a fertilizer factory. Tabulated
      analyses of blood, liver, bone, pasture and water are given.

PMID- 1195266
TI  - A method for the in vitro study of drug transfer across ruminal epithelium.
AB  - A simple method for the in vitro study of drug diffusion across ruminal
      epithelium is described. The characteristics of the isolated membrane were
      defined by studies of ketone production from butyrate, histological studies,
      phenolsulphonthalein penetration and permeability to pentobarbital, antipyrine
      and tetraethylammonium. The preparation was found to be suitable for studies of
      less than 12 hours duration; after that time the integrity of the membrane as a
      barrier was lost due to degenerative changes. The method had a primary advantage
      in that experimental variables could be rigorously controlled.

PMID- 1195269
TI  - Haemoglobin types in African cattle.
AB  - The migration of domesticated animals in Africa is of particular interest to the
      anthropologist and ethnologist in that it may provide valuable information
      concerning the migration of human tribes that accompanied these animals.
      Haemoglobin C is only found to be present in indigenous breeds of African cattle
      and can therefore be used as one of the best genetic markers of these animals.
      Haemoglobin B has been established in many breeds in Africa and India. It seems
      that the further away the animals migrated from India, the lower is the frequency
      of HbB. Breed comparisons from numerous breeds in Africa are made, including the
      results of the present investigations on breeds of different countries in
      Southern Africa.

PMID- 1195268
TI  - Chlamydiosis in a beef herd.
AB  - Chlamydial infection in a large beef herd is illustrated and discussed. The pre
      natal and post-natal losses that occurred during 1972 are highlighted. Total pre
      natal losses for the nine calving herds comprising 2,915 animals varied between
      3,7% and 12,4%. Between 1,2% and 11,4% of the calves born alive in the nine herds
      died before weaning with 70% of the losses occurring within the first three weeks
      of life. Chlamydial organisms were demonstrated in pre-natal and post-natal
      losses from all nine herds. Clinical manifestations and lesions involving the
      intestinal, respiratory, nervous, skeletal, reticulo-endothelial and urinary
      systems were observed in chlamydia-infected calves. Invariably at autopsy in
      chlamydia positive cases there was some degree of a fibrinous inflammatory
      process present. Serological evidence showed that chlamydial organisms had been
      present on both farms prior to the 1972 investigations.

PMID- 1195270
TI  - Standard serum chemical and haematological values in the chacma baboon (Papio
      ursinus).
AB  - Blood chemical and haematological determinations were carried out on 64 baboons.
      The blood chemical and haematological values determined were found to be in
      general agreement with the values for man and other primate species. Some blood
      constituents however, did show noteworthy differences. Marked sex differences
      were demonstrated in some blood chemical and haematological parameters.

PMID- 1195272
TI  - Scorpion stings in dogs.

PMID- 1195271
TI  - Experimental Phomopsis leptostromiformis mycotoxicosis of pigs.
AB  - The susceptibility of the domestic pig to intoxication by the causative mycotoxin
      of lupinosis was established experimentally. The symptomatology and pathology of
      the disease produced by the administration of toxic cultures of the fungus,
      Phomopsis leptostromiformis (Kuhn) Bubak ex Lind to pigs are described. The toxin
      induced severe loss of weight and, in many cases, posterior paresis or paralysis.
      The principal gross lesions were generalised icterus, orange-red discoloration of
      the liver, nephrosis and, in some, enterorrhagia. Microscopically there was
      severe necrosis of hepatocytes and kidney tubular epithelium as well as
      myocardial degeneration. In the more chronic cases hepatocytes became anaplastic
      and arranged in acini. The production of toxin by P. leptostromiformis on yellow
      maize is reported and a method for production of toxic material is described.

PMID- 1195273
TI  - [Traumatic dermatitis crustosa of the bovine udder].

PMID- 1195275
TI  - Psychotomimetic phenylisopropylamines. 5. 4-Alkyl-2,5
      dimethoxyphenylisopropylamines.
AB  - A homologous series of 4-alkyl-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamines (alkyl = H
      through n-C5H11 and t-C4H9) was synthesized and compared with mescaline as
      serotonin agonists in a sheep umbilical preparation. The three-carbon homolog 6d
      was found to be the most potent of the straight-chain series in accordance with
      its observed psychotomimetic effectiveness in man.

PMID- 1195274
TI  - Synthesis of lysophosphatidylethanolamine analogs that inhibit renin activity.
AB  - A series of lysophosphatidylethanolamine analogs containing saturated and
      methylene-interrupted cis-olefinic fatty chains was synthesized by
      phosphorylation and phosphonylation of respective fatty alcohols. Arachidonyl-
      and linolenylphosphorylethanolamines (12, 13), arachidonyl (2
      phthalimidoethyl)phosphonate (17), and arachidonyl (2-aminoethyl)phosphonate (18)
      were found to be effective inhibitors of the renin-renin substrate reaction in
      vitro; lysophosphatidylethanolamine analogs 14-16 of lesser unsaturation were
      either weakly active or inactive. In a preliminary study, intramuscular
      administration of 25 mg/kg/day of arachidonyl (2-aminoethyl)phosphonate (18) to
      the hypertensive rat caused pronounced reduction (50 mm) in blood pressure within
      3 days; upon continued dosage (15 mg/kg/day) of 18 for an additional 4 days,
      plasma renin activity was found to be 16 ng/0.1 ml/15 hr as compared with 69
      ng/0.1 ml/15 hr before initial drug administration. Arachidonic acid (3),
      arachidonyl alcohol (8), and several corresponding tetraenoid ester, amide,
      mesylate, and glyceryl ether derivatives (4-7, 10, 11), that are not phosphate or
      phosphonate esters, were found to exhibit negligible or modest inhibition of
      renin activity in vitro.

PMID- 1195276
TI  - Structure-activity relationships of antiarrhythmic 6-substituted
      decahydroisoquinolines.
AB  - A series of diastereoisomeric 6-benzoyloxy- and 6-benzamido-2
      methyldecahydroisoquinolines has been prepared and screened for antiarrhythmic
      effectiveness. In a continuation of our interest in identifying significant
      physicochemical properties of antiarrhythmic decahydroisoquinolines, octanol
      water partition coefficients and pKa values have been determined for each member
      of the series. In general, antiarrhythmic activities superior to that of
      quinidine were observed. From a general structure-activity viewpoint,
      substitutions possessing greater lipophilicities produced compounds with superior
      antiarrhythmic properties. However, there appears to be optimal lipophilic
      character beyond which increased lipophilicity results in a decrease in
      antiarrhythmic potency. No discernible correlations with pKa values were evident.
      As noted in our earlier studies the esters were more potent and more lipophilic
      than the corresponding amides. No obvious correlations with stereochemistry were
      found; however, in three pairs of diastereoisomers, the more lipophilic cis
      compounds were found to be the superior isomers. A surprisingly high potency was
      noted with a tetrahydroisoquinoline benzamide--a finding unexpected from our
      earlier work. The 3,4-dichlorobenzamido grouping appeared to be the substituting
      moiety for optimal antiarrhythmic effectiveness.

PMID- 1195277
TI  - Studies on 1-substituted 4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine derivatives and their
      analgesic activities. 1.
AB  - The preparation and analgesic activities of a series of the entitled compounds (5
      22) and the optical isomers of the 1-cyclohexyl derivative 5 are described.
      Reactions of N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1,2-diphenylethylamine (3) with ammonia and
      primary amines gave N-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (4) and N1-substituted
      derivatives (5-20, 22), respectively. The alkylation of 4 afforded 12-21.
      Compounds 5-18 and 22 were also obtained by the reactions of 1,2
      diphenylethylamine (23) and N-substituted 2,2'-dichlorodiethylamine. Racemate 5
      was resolved with (+)- or (-)-2'-nitrotartranilic acid into its optical isomers
      [(+)-5 and (-)-5], and the absolute configuration of (+)-5 was determined to be S
      configuration by the synthesis and optical rotatory dispersion measurements. The
      most active members in this series of compounds were 5-7, which were
      approximately as potent as (-)-morphine. In the case of 5, the more potent
      enantiomer (S)-(+)-5 has the opposite configuration to that of (-)-N,N-dimethyl
      1,2-diphenylethylamine (Spa) or (-)-morphine with respect to the (C-9) asymmetric
      center and belongs to a new series of compounds having potent analgesic activity.

PMID- 1195278
TI  - Synthesis and antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide analogs. 1. Benzo annulated
      cyclophosphamide and related systems.
AB  - Synthesis of 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3,2-benzoxazaphosphorin
      2-oxide (2), which is a benzo annulated analog of cyclophosphamide [2-bis(2
      chloroethyl)aminotetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin 2-oxide (1)], was carried
      out in order to test for possible increased antitumor activity relative to 1 due
      to the presence of an oxidatively reactive C-4 benzylic site in 2. A structural
      isomer of 2, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1,2-benzoxazaphosphorin
      2-oxide (3), and cognate systems 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro
      1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphorin 2-oxide (4) and 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-4H-1,3,2
      benzodioxaphosphorin 2-oxide (5) were also prepared for comparative purposes. In
      vivo antitumor evaluation in mice against L1210 lymphoid leukemia indicated no
      significant activity for compound 2. Compounds 3 and 4 were likewise found to be
      inactive and only marginal activity was exhibited by 5.

PMID- 1195279
TI  - Synthesis of some glycoside analogs and related compounds from 9-amino-6
      (methylthio)-9H-purine.
AB  - Additional information on the anticancer activity of 9-amino-9H-purine-6(1H)
      thione and its derivatives was sought by the synthesis of some 9-(substituted
      amino)-6-(methylthio)-9H-purines in which the 9-substituent contained functional
      groups capable of either reversible or irreversible binding with an enzymatic
      site. Condensation of 9-amino-6-(methylthio)-9H-purine (1) with some carbonyl
      compounds followed by hydride reduction of the azomethine linkage in the
      intermediates leads to the 2-pyrrolylmethyl (8), 2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl (10), and
      the 1,5-dihydroxy-2- and 3-pentyl (11 and 12) compounds. A 4-hydroxybutyl
      derivative (13) was obtained by alkylation of 18, the 9-acetyl derivative of 1,
      with 4-chlorobutyl acetate followed by saponification. The cyclization of 13 and
      11 with a sulfonyl chloride gave the 9-pyrrolidin-1-yl (27) and the 9-[2
      (tosyloxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl] (28), respectively. Acylation of 1 with ethyl L
      2-pyrrolidine-5-carboxylate and ethyl 1-methyl-5-pyrrolidone-3-carboxylate,
      respectively, in Me2SO containing NaH gave the corresponding amides 15 and 17.
      Alkylation of 18 with 1-bromo-2-chloroethane and epichlorohydrin gave the N-(2
      chloroethyl) and N-(1,2-epoxy-3-propyl) derivatives 19 and 20. The chloro group
      of the chlorobutyl derivative of 18 was displaced with KSCN and NaN3,
      respectively, to give the thiocyanate and azido derivatives 23 and 24.
      Hydrogenation of the latter gave the amine (25), which was acylated with ethyl
      chloroformate to give the (ethoxycarbonyl)amino compound 26. None of these
      compounds showed activity against L1210 leukemia cells implanted ip in mice on a
      single-dose schedule, suggesting that the activity observed in the simpler 9
      aminopurines resulted from cleavage of the hydrazino linkage to give pH-purine
      6(1H)-thione.

PMID- 1195280
TI  - Synthesis of 6alpha-methyldigitoxigenin 3-acetate.
AB  - In order to determine the influence of a 6alpha-methyl group activity, the 6alpha
      methyl derivative of digitoxigenin 3-acetate 14 was prepared and
      pharmacologically tested in comparison with digitoxigenen 3-acetate. The
      synthesis of 6alpha-methyldigitoxigenin 3-acetate (14) was performed starting
      from 21-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione (1). According to the cardiac activity
      determined on guinea-pig isolated heart and by slow infusion in the cat, the
      6alpha-methyldigitoxigenin 3-acetate (14) is not more active than digitoxigenin 3
      acetate.

PMID- 1195281
TI  - Synthesis and some pharmacological properties of [1-beta-mercapto-beta,beta
      diethylpropionic acid,2-(3,5-dibromo-L-tyrosine)]oxytocin.
AB  - The synthesis of the protected polypeptide precursor of [1-beta-mercapto
      beta,beta-diethylpropionic acid,2-(3,5-dibromo-L-tyrosine)]oxytocin was performed
      in a stepwise manner by solution techniques. This analog of oxytocin has two
      modifications, each of which taken alone gives analogs which inhibit some of the
      pharmacological responses to oxytocin. The S-ethylcarbamoyl protecting groups of
      beta-Mpa(beta-Et2)(Ec)-Dbt-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys(Ec)-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 were removed in
      refluxing liquid NH3, and the resulting disulfhydryl compound was oxidatively
      cyclized in H2O-MeOH with ICH2CH2I. Purification was effected by partition
      chromatography and gel filtration. The analog possesses antioxytocic (pA2 = 7.08)
      and antiavian vasodepressor (pA2 = 7.38) activities but has neither agonist nor
      antagonist activity in the rat pressor assay. These potencies are close to those
      exhibited by [1-beta-mercaptopropionic acid,2-(3,5-dibromo-L-tyrosine)]oxytocin
      but different from those of [1-beta-mercapto-beta,beta-diethylpropionic
      acid]oxytocin.

PMID- 1195282
TI  - 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1,6-methano-1H-3-benzazonine derivatives as analgesics.
AB  - 10-Methoxy- (10) and 10-hydroxy-3-methyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-3-benzazonine
      (11) have been synthesized from 7-methoxy-alpha-tetralone (1) via the 1
      aminomethyl compound 4, which was converted to the amino acid derivative 7.
      Hydrogenation and cyclization of 7 afforded the lactam 9, which was reduced with
      LiAlH4, followed by N-methylation to give 10, from which 11 was obtained.
      Compounds 10 and 11 have analgetic activity, and the former was found to be
      comparable to codeine.

PMID- 1195283
TI  - Absolute configuration of the major metabolite of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin, 5-(4'
      hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin.
AB  - Chemical conversions, optical comparisons, and chiroptical measurements (CD) were
      employed to determine the absolute configuration of the enantiomers of 5-(4'
      hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (HPPH) (1b and 1c). Studies on a key
      intermediate, (-)-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylglycine (5b), led to the reexamination of
      the well-known rule of Clough-Lutz-Jirgensons. Optical comparisons by means of
      derivatization into hydantoins and 3-phenyl-2-thiohydantoins (application of
      Freudenberg's rule of shift) gave conclusions which were consistent with
      chiroptical measurements on the above compounds. Thus, (-)-HPPH (1c), the major
      metabolite of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin in man, has the S configuration. This
      assignment was confirmed by X-ray single-crystal structure analysis of (+)-HPPH
      10-(+)-camphorsulfonate (18b).

PMID- 1195284
TI  - A review of the Geomydoecus texanus complex (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae) from
      Geomys and Pappogeomys (Rodentia: Geomyidae).

PMID- 1195285
TI  - Relationships of immature Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Acari: Ixodidae) with the
      white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, in southwestern Wisconsin.

PMID- 1195286
TI  - Lack of specificity in assembly pheromones of soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae).

PMID- 1195287
TI  - Satanicoptes armatus, n. gen., n.sp. (Astigmata: Sarcoptidae), a new mite
      producing mange in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii Boitard).

PMID- 1195288
TI  - Screwworm flies for sterile-male release: laboratory tests of the quality of
      candidate strains.

PMID- 1195289
TI  - Chemosterilization of screwworms (Diptera: Calliphoridae): influence of age at
      time of treatment on sterility and longevity.

PMID- 1195290
TI  - Field studies of systemic insecticides. I. Evaluation of phoxim for control of
      fleas on cotton rats.

PMID- 1195291
TI  - Observations on the biology and seasonal abundance of an encyrtid wasp, a
      parasite of ticks in Queensland.

PMID- 1195292
TI  - Dehydration and survival of the European house dust mite, Dermatophagoides
      pteronyssinus.

PMID- 1195293
TI  - Developmental effects of Brugia pahangi (Nematoda: Filarioidea) to high
      temperature in susceptible genotypes of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).

PMID- 1195294
TI  - Aedes hendersoni: failure of laboratory-infected mosquitoes to transmit LaCrosse
      virus (California encephalitis group).

PMID- 1195295
TI  - Seasonal changes in physiological age composition of tabanid (Diptera)
      populations in southern Ontario.

PMID- 1195296
TI  - Pyrethroid contact sprays against the house fly (Musca domestica L.).

PMID- 1195297
TI  - Sexual behavior maturation in male Aedes triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae): a re
      examination.

PMID- 1195298
TI  - The larvae of Tahitian Simuliidae (Diptera: Nematocera).

PMID- 1195299
TI  - Records of phoretic attachment of Mallophaga (Insecta: Phthiraptera) on insects
      other than Hippoboscidae.

PMID- 1195300
TI  - Lutzomyia vespertilionis (Diptera: Psychodidae): potential vector of chiropteran
      trypanosomes in Panama.

PMID- 1195301
TI  - Notes on the role of ticks feeding on lagomorphs and ingestion of ticks by
      vertebrates in the epidemiology of Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

PMID- 1195302
TI  - Arthropod parasites of passerine birds from South Bass Island, Ohio.

PMID- 1195303
TI  - Issues for team delivery and interdisciplinary education: a Canadian perspective.

PMID- 1195304
TI  - Graduate education for primary care: problems and issues.

PMID- 1195305
TI  - Internal medicine and pediatric residency education for primary.

PMID- 1195306
TI  - Training of generalists in medicine and pediatrics. Experience at Harvard.

PMID- 1195307
TI  - Adding a general medicine track.

PMID- 1195308
TI  - Training of family physicians.

PMID- 1195309
TI  - Two programs for primary care practitioners. Family medicine training in an
      affiliated university hospital program.

PMID- 1195310
TI  - Primary care graduate training in an urban private medical center.

PMID- 1195311
TI  - Educational priorities for primary care. Educational reform toward the
      improvement of primary care.

PMID- 1195312
TI  - Focus on quality in education for primary care.

PMID- 1195313
TI  - Participant concerns: review of institute discussions.

PMID- 1195314
TI  - The teaching hospital and primary care.

PMID- 1195315
TI  - Use of existing institutional resources. An urban medical center.

PMID- 1195316
TI  - A rural model.

PMID- 1195317
TI  - Use of community/private sector resources.

PMID- 1195318
TI  - Issues in primary care: the academic perspective.

PMID- 1195319
TI  - Development of resources. Toward real community involvement.

PMID- 1195320
TI  - Toward a growth model for medicine.

PMID- 1195321
TI  - Interdisciplinary education for primary health care team delivery.

PMID- 1195322
TI  - Teaching students the relationship between quality and cost of medical care.
AB  - The usefulness of hospital charges as a means of teaching medical students the
      relationship between the quality of the cost of medical care provided by primary
      care physicians (internists and family physicians) is presented. The comparative
      role of these two types of primary care physicians as "generators of costs" is
      described. The cost of hospital care provided by primary care physicians is also
      compared with the cost of care provided by the cardiologist, a prototype of the
      highest quality of secondary and tertiary care for cardiovascular diseases. Data
      indicate that internists generated hospital costs that were consistently higher
      than family physicians. Moreover, a comparison of costs generated by internists,
      family physicians, and cardiologists in managing patients with cardiovascular
      diseases revealed that cardiologists generated lower costs than the other two
      types of specialists. It is believed that case studies such as this will provide
      evidence that will enable undergraduate medical students to reflect upon their
      own attitudes toward their developing role as "generators of cost".

PMID- 1195323
TI  - The characteristics of medical students and their views of the first year.
AB  - The results of a national longitudinal study of the educational choices of a
      large sample of students are summarized with emphasis on the results for medical
      students. Surveyed as college seniors, students were followed up a year later.
      The senior results indicated that the future medical students were usually
      bright, academically successful, male, and frequently from relatively affluent
      families. Their self-conceptions and work values were consistent with the career
      of medicine. As medical students, they reported that they worked hard. They did
      not describe their professors as particularly good teachers, but they felt they
      had good relations with them. Similarly, although they felt the first year
      offered limited opportunities for individualization, they were generally quite
      satisfied with their schools.

PMID- 1195324
TI  - Issues and methods in curriculum evaluation.
AB  - Studies of medical school curricula need not meet the criteria of systematic
      experimental designs. Instead of compromising aspects of the curriculum to meet
      such requirements as random sampling, the authors suggest the development of
      representative curricular research. Such designs require the development of
      population validity, ecological validity, and referent generality. Examples of
      these aspects of representative design are derived from the development of a
      health-maintenance-organization-based primary care curriculum.

PMID- 1195325
TI  - A systems approach to patient care, curriculum, and research in family practice.
AB  - The system of data recording and retrieval which defines a family practice
      population of patients is described. It is organized at two levels, as a series
      of manual instruments or as a single instrument used as data input to a computer.
      Depending on resources available, it is possible to record demographic and
      morbidity data from the patient populations of both teaching and nonteaching
      practices. Data have been collected from a patient population of 88,000 in 26
      practicing sites in Virginia, totaling 380,000 diagnostic and follow-up visits.
      Presentations are made of some of this data. The costs of this recording process
      in nonteaching practices, the use of such data as an educational resource for the
      training of primary care physicians, and the evaluations of health care delivered
      are discussed.

PMID- 1195326
TI  - A clinical clerkship in psychiatry.
AB  - A clinical clerkship was organized around the goal of teaching information and
      skills that would be needed by the nonpsychiatrist physician. In most clinical
      clerkships the students work on an inpatient service. In the clerkship described
      here the setting is an outpatient clinic, which provides a more relevant
      experience. Videotaped psychiatric interviews are used extensively and have been
      found to provide a valuable teaching format. They are effective in holding
      student interest, in avoiding the practical difficulties of live interviews, and
      in teaching active listening and interviewing technique, as well as in
      demonstrating a variety of psychopathology. Field trips to state psychiatric
      hospitals, institutions for mental defectives, clinics for treating alcoholics or
      addicts, and other mental health facilities have been used but have not been
      found to be a very valuable part of the program.

PMID- 1195327
TI  - Cognitive differences between health science students and a rural population.

PMID- 1195328
TI  - Can patient care audit change doctor performance?

PMID- 1195330
TI  - Comparison of faculty and patient opinions of performance by junior medical
      students.

PMID- 1195329
TI  - Changes in interviewing styles of medical students.

PMID- 1195331
TI  - Editorial: Cooperative research: necessity, luxury, or stultifying straitjacket?

PMID- 1195332
TI  - Letters to the editor: Minority students.

PMID- 1195333
TI  - Interactions of liver encoplasmic reticulum membranes and polysomes in vitro.
AB  - The interactions of various preparations of endoplasmic reticulum membranes and
      polysomes have been studied by means of a sandwich sucrose gradient that clearly
      isolates free ribosomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (S.E.R.) and rough
      endoplasmic reticulum (R.E.R.) from the microsomal fraction of rat liver
      homogenates. Reconstructed rough membranes separate well from the native R.E.R.
      but occupy the same position along the gradient as the S.E.R. and the rough
      membranes, stripped of their ribosomes by means of LiCl. Native R.E.R. and S.E.R.
      do not bind any added labeled polysomes at 0 degree C; previous treatment with
      LiCl does not modify the behavior of S.E.R. The presence of cell sap during the
      binding reaction does not increase polysome fixation by stripped-rough membranes
      but protects in some way the polysomes and preserves all their original
      functional capacity of amino acid incorporation into protein.

PMID- 1195334
TI  - Calcium-binding of Synaptosomes isolated from rat brain cortex. II. Inhibitory
      effects of magnesium ions and some other cations.
AB  - As in our previous report (Kamino, Uyesaka & Inouye, J. Membrane Biol. 17:13
      1974), the absorbance changes of murexide caused by Ca2+ and followed up by a
      dual wavelength spectrophotometer were applied to measure synaptosomal Ca2+
      binding in the presence of cations such as Rb+, Mn2+ or La3+. All the cations
      tested showed a significant inhibition of synaptosomal Ca2+-binding except Li+.
      The inhibitory effects could be divided into the following three categories: (1)
      noncompetive, co-operative K+-type, which includes alkali metal ions. The potency
      of inhibition is K+ greater than Rb+ greater than Cs+ greater than Li+, Na+ =0;
      (2) competitive Mn2+ -type which includes many divalent cations. The inhibitory
      potency was found to be in the following order: Mn2+ greater than Sr2+ greater
      than Cd2+, Ba2+ greater than Mg2+; (3) nonspecific, noncompetitive La3+ -type;
      among the cations tested, La3+ and Ce3+ were found to markedly reduce the Ca
      binding capacity of synaptosomal particles, resulting in a noncompetitive
      inhibition, at least in the range of Ca2+ concentration used.

PMID- 1195335
TI  - Fluorescence polarization in a planar array of pigment molecules: theoretical
      treatment and application to flavins incorporated into artificial membranes.
AB  - A quantitative fluorescence polarization theory of molecules bound to two
      dimensional plane layers has been developed when the electronic transition
      moments of absorption and emission are parallel within the fluorescent molecules.
      The transition moments are assumed to be in preferred orientation with respect to
      the normal to the plane and to be randomly oriented within the plane (rotational
      symmetry with the normal as axis of symmetry). Three basic model distributions of
      transition moments are investigated quantitatively. These model distributions
      represent a simplification but in most cases may be expected to describe reality
      with sufficient accuracy. For all distributions, two cases of different mobility
      of molecules are treated: (a) the lifetime of fluorescence is small compared with
      the characteristic relaxation time of the distribution, and (b) the lifetime of
      fluorescence is long, so that a complete reorientation of transition moments
      during the excited state can take place. From the quantitative calculations four
      characteristic quantities are derived, which are appropriate for the analysis of
      experimental data. Experiments are carried out with phosphatidylcholine bilayer
      membranes which contain three differently substituted amphiphilic flavins. All
      three flavins yield similar data. Their analyses predict free and fast mobility
      of the flavin chromophore.

PMID- 1195336
TI  - Measurement of membrane potential and estimation of effective fixed-charge
      density in membranes.
AB  - Electrical potentials Em arising across cross-linked phenolsulfonate membrane
      separating NaCl solutions of molality M1 and M2 have been measured at 25 degrees
      C. These values of Em have been used in the Nernst equation to calculate values
      for the apparent transport number ti(app) for the counterion or the co-ion in the
      membrane. Values of ti(app) together with the limiting value for the cation
      transport number in the aqueous phase have been used in the equation developed by
      Kobatake and co-workers to evaluate the membrane permselectivity Ps as a function
      of external electrolyte concentration. With the help of the equation relating Ps
      to phiX, the effective fixed-charge density in the membrane (where phi is a
      constant, 0 less than phi less than 1, and X is the membrane stochiometric charge
      density and can be evaluated by chemical analysis of the membrane phase), values
      for phiX and phi have been determined. Values of phi were low in dilute solutions
      and increased with increase in the concentration of the external solution.
      Similar behavior was noted in the case of another membrane system, cross-linked
      polymethacrylic acid in contact with KOH solutions. On the other hand, the
      membrane system, "untreated" collodion in contact with KCl solutions, exhibited a
      behavior in which the values of phi, low in dilute solutions, increased and then
      decreased following a gradual increase in the external concentration. This slight
      divergence in its behavior was attributed to the heterogeneity of the collodion
      membrane structure. The reliability of this potentiometric method to estimate
      effective fixed-charge density in membranes has been discussed in relation to a
      similar but old method due to Teorell, Meyer and Sievers. Also the significance
      of the values derived for phi has been pointed out.

PMID- 1195337
TI  - Letter to the editor: Addendum to: Potentiometric estimation of charges in
      barnacle muscle fibers under internal perfusion.

PMID- 1195338
TI  - Determination of the resistance in series with the membranes of giant axons.
AB  - Measurements of the resistance in series with the excitable membrane for giant
      axons of two different phylla (the squid Loligo pealii and the marine worm
      Myxicola infundibulum) were obtained. Efforts were made to take into account the
      errors introduced by the finite rise-time of the measuring apparatus. The series
      resistance value, obtained very quickly by the method described, may be used in
      setting the compensation potentiometer to offset this resistance in voltage-clamp
      measurements. Estimates of the resistance of the periaxonal tissue layer were
      made. Analyses were done on some of the problems involved in attempting to make
      an unambiguous determination of the series resistance.

PMID- 1195339
TI  - Studies on the brush border membrane of the mouse duodenum. I. Membrane isolation
      and analysis of protein components.
AB  - Brush border membranes have been isolated from villus epithelial cells of the
      adult Swiss mouse duodenum. Preparations of these membranes are not contaminated
      by other organelles as judged from electron-micrographs of sectioned pellets of
      brush borders. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of
      proteins from brush borders solubilized in Tris-sodium dodecyl sulfate buffer
      reveals a reproducible Coomassie Brilliant Blue pattern of 17 bands. By comparing
      the brush border protein band positions with those of standard proteins run
      concurrently on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel slabs it is estimated
      that the 17 brush border proteins and subunits have molecular weights ranging
      from over 250,000 to around 16,000. Periodate-fuchsin sulfite staining shows that
      the five more slowly migrating, high molecular weight proteins are glycoproteins.
      The two proteins of smallest molecular size react positively with Oil Red O but
      have very small amounts of lipophilic amino acid residues, which indicates that
      the lipid extractable from the gels in these areas is a contaminant and is not
      bound to the proteins.

PMID- 1195340
TI  - Studies on the structure of milk fat globule membrane.
AB  - Milk fat globule membrane was solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate and
      mercaptoethanol and the membrane proteins were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis. The membrane preparations contained three major size classes
      of polypeptide of 155,000, 62,500 and 43,500 daltons. At least five glycopeptides
      were separated of which two stained intensely with periodic acid-Schiff reagent,
      but poorly with coomassie blue. Trypsin hydrolysis of whole cream and isolated
      milk fat globule membrane revealed major differences in the rates of protein
      hydrolysis. Many of the membrane proteins of whole cream resisted proteolysis
      compared with the same proteins in the isolated membrane. Two glycopeptides were
      resistant to trypsin digestion in either preparation. Treatment of whole cream
      with neuraminidase led to the release of at least 70% of the protein-bound sialic
      acid. Whole cream and isolated membrane samples were iodinated with 125I in the
      presence of lactoperoxidase and hydrogen peroxide. The membrane proteins were
      significantly more accessible to lactoperoxidase-125I i in isolated membrane
      compared with the proteins of whole cream. Polypeptides of molecular weight
      43,500 and approximately 48,000 daltons were predominantly labelled in whole
      cream and could be eluted from the fat globules with magnesium chloride (1.5m).
      The results strongly suggest that the proteins of milk fat globule membrane are
      asymmetrically arranged in the membrane and that most of the protein-bound sialic
      acid is present on the external surface of milk fat globules.

PMID- 1195341
TI  - Sodium fluxes through the active transport pathway in toad bladder.
AB  - To assess the active components of sodium flux across toad bladder as a function
      of transepithelial potential, unidirectional sodium fluxes between identical
      media were measured before and after adding sufficient ouabain (1.89 X 10(-3)M)
      to eliminate active transport, while clamping transepithelial potential to 0, 100
      or 150 mV. Evidence was adduced that ouabain does not alter passive fluxes, and
      that fluxes remain constant if ouabain is not added. Hence, the ouabain
      inhibitable fluxes represent fluxes through the active path. Results were
      analyzed by a set of equations, previously shown to describe adequately passive
      fluxes under electrical gradients in this tissue, here modified by the insertion
      of E, the potential at which bidirectional sodium fluxes (beta E, and theta E)
      through the active pathway are equal. According to these equations, beta E and
      theta E are the logarithmic mean of bidirectional fluxes through the active path
      at any potential, and the flux ratio in this path is modified by a constant
      factor Qia, which represents the ratio of the bulk diffusion coefficient to the
      tracer diffusion coefficient in this pathway. The data are shown to conform
      closely to these equations. Qia averages 2.54. Hence, serosal-to-mucosal flux
      vanishes rapidly as potential falls below E. Mean E in these experiments was 158
      +/- 1 mV. Thus, linear dependence of net flux in both active and passive pathways
      on potential is present, even though the sodium fluxes in both paths fail to
      conform to the Ussing flux ratio equation. Qip less than 1 in the passive path
      (qualitatively similar to exchange diffusion) and Qia greater than 1 in the
      active path (as in single file pore diffusion). Both of these features tend to
      reduce the change in serosal-to-mucosal sodium flux induced by depolarization
      from spontaneous potential to zero potential ("short-circuiting").

PMID- 1195342
TI  - The effect of anti-L on ouabain binding to sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - Binding of 3H-ouabain was studied in high potassium (HK) and low potassium (LK)
      sheep red cells. In particular, we investigated the effect of anti-L, an antibody
      raised in HK sheep against L-positive LK sheep red cells, on 3H-oubain binding
      and its relation to K+ -pump flux inhibition in LK cells. HK cells were found to
      have about twice as many 3H-ouabain binding sites and a higher association rate
      for 3H-ouabain than homozygous LL-type LK cells. The number of 3H-ouabain
      molecules bound to heterozygous LM-type LK cells is lower than that on LL cells,
      but the rate of ouabain binding is between that of HK and LL red cells. A close
      correlation was observed between the rates of 3H-oubain binding and fraction K+
      pump inhibition. Exposure of LM and LL cells to anti-L did not affect the number
      of 3H-ouabain molecules bound at saturation, but increased the rates of glycoside
      binding and K+ -pump inhibition proportionately, so that for LK cells in the
      presence of anti-L, the rates of the two processes approximate those of HK cells.
      These data exclude the possibility that anti-L generates entirely new pump sites
      in LK sheep cells, but suggest that the antibody increases the affinity of the
      existing -a+ -K+ pumps for the glycoside.

PMID- 1195346
TI  - Hypotonic hemolysis of human red blood cells: a two-phase process.
AB  - Previous use of hemolysis time measurement to determine permeability coefficients
      for the red blood cell membrane rested on the assumption that cells swelling in a
      hypotonic medium hemolyzed immediately on reaching critical volume. By
      preswelling red cells to various volumes prior to immersion in hemolytic
      solutions we extrapolate to the hemolysis time of red cells immersed at critical
      volume and thereby find a significant period of time during which the cells
      apparently remain in a spherical form prior to release of hemoglobin. Revised
      estimates of permeability coefficients follow from including this spherical
      (nonswelling) phase. In addition, the appreciation of a characteristic time
      period during which the membrane is under tension provides new opportunity to
      study physical and chemical properties of the membrane.

PMID- 1195347
TI  - Voltage jump/capacitance relaxation studies of bilayer structure and dynamics.
      Studies on oxidized cholesterol membranes.
AB  - A voltage-jump technique for the study of the time course of small, voltage
      induced changes in the structure of single bilayers is presented, and a method is
      introduced whereby electromechanical (electrostrictive) phenomena can be
      separated from dielectric relaxations. As no foreign molecules need be introduced
      into the bilayers, the question about probe artifacts is eliminated. The time
      constants and amplitudes of dielectric relaxations in oxidized cholesterol
      bilayers at 21 degrees C, along with their tentative identification are: (a) tau
      = 3.3 msec, deltaC/Co = 0.8% and tau = 0.7 msec, deltaC/Co = 0.6%: reorientation
      in the plane of the membrane of domains or clusters of dipoles. (b) tau = 155
      musec, deltaC/Co = 1.5-3%: rotational reorientation of individual molecules. (c)
      tau = 18 musec, deltaC/Co - 1.4%: small amplitude reorientations individual
      dipoles about an axis lying in the plane of the membrane. Electrostictive effects
      with time constants between about 2 and 50 msec were also detected. A temperature
      study of both the dielectric and electrostrictive phenomena is reported. The
      application of the technique to other membrane compositions and to a variety of
      BLM problems is discussed.

PMID- 1195348
TI  - Estimation of surface charges in some biological membranes.
AB  - The resting membrane potential data existing in the literature for the giant axon
      of the squid, frog muscle and barnacle muscle have been analyzed from the
      standpoint of the theory of membrane potential due to Kobatake and co-workers.
      The average values derived for the effective charge density phi chi (where phi is
      a constant, 0 less than phi less than 1, and represents the fraction of
      counterions that are free, and chi is the stoichiometric charge density in the
      membrane) present on the different biomembranes existing in their normal ionic
      environment are 0.3, 0.325 and 0.17 M for the squid axon, frog and barnacle
      muscles, respectively. On the assumption that the values of phi are 0.4 and 0.2
      for nerve and muscle membranes, respectively, values of 0.75, 1.62 and 0.85 M
      have been derived for the stoichiometric charge density (chi) present in the
      respective biological membranes. These correspond to 1 negative charge per 222,
      103 and 195 A2 of the membrane area of the squid axon, frog and barnacle muscles,
      respectively.

PMID- 1195349
TI  - A model of NaCl and water flow through paracellular pathways of renal proximal
      tubules.
AB  - To explain how hydrostatic pressure differences between tubule lumen and
      interstitium modulate isotonic reabsorption rates, we developed a model of NaCl
      and water flow through paracellular pathways of the proximal tubule. Structural
      elements of the model are a tight junction membrane, an intercellular channel
      whose walls transport NaCl actively at a constant rate, and a basement membrane.
      Equations of change were derived for the channel, boundary conditions were
      formulated from irreversible thermodynamics, and a pressure-area relationship
      typical of thin-walled tubing was assumed. The boundary value problem was solved
      numerically. The principal conclusions are: 1) channel NaCl concentration must
      remain within a few mOsm of isotonic values for reabsorption rates to be
      modulated by transtubular pressure differences known to affect this system: 2)
      basement membrane and channel wall parameters determine reabsorbate tonicity;
      tight junction parameters affect the sensitivity of reabsorption to transmural
      pressure; 3) channel NaCl concentration varies inversely with transmural pressure
      difference; this concentration variation controls NaCl diffusion through the
      tight junction; 4) modulation of NaCl diffusion through the tight junction
      controls the rate of isotonic reabsorption; modulation of water flow can increase
      sensitivity to transmural pressure; 5) no pressure-induced change in permeability
      of the tight junction or basement membrane is needed for pressure to modulate
      reabsorption; and 6) system performance is indifferent to the distribution of
      active transport sites, to the numerical value of the compliance function, and to
      the relationship between lumen and cell pressures.

PMID- 1195350
TI  - Permeability characteristics of the adipocyte cell membrane and partitioning
      characteristics of the adipocyte triglyceride core.
AB  - The unidirectional rates of passive permeation of a homologous series of
      saturated fatty acids and bile acids into rat epididymal adipocytes were measured
      to determine the permeability characteristics of this mammalian cell membrane.
      For fatty acids containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms the logarithm of the permeability
      coefficient was a linear function of the number of carbons in the fatty acid
      chain: fatty acids with less than five carbon atoms showed anomalously high
      permeabilities. Using the data for the fatty acids with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, the
      incremental free energy of transfer (delta delta F w leads to l) of the -CH2
      moiety from the aqueous environment into the fat cell was calculated to equal 
      547 cal mole-1. The delta delta F w leads to l of the -OH moiety calculated from
      data using bile acids as the probe molecules was +1,225 cal mole-1. After
      rupturing the fat cells by freeze-thawing, partition ratios also were measured
      between bubber and the lipid phase of the adipocyte core using both the fatty
      acid series and a series of terminal diols as probe molecules. Using these
      partition ratios delta delta F w leads to l for the -CH2 and -OH substituent
      groups was calculated to equal -830 and +2,070 cal mole-1, respectively. On the
      basis of these studies, two conclusions were drawn. First, like many epithelial
      surfaces and the erythrocyte membrane, the fat cell membrane exhibits anomalously
      high permeabilities to small molecular weight, polar compounds. Since this
      behavior in the adipocyte, as in the erythrocyte, cannot be attributed to
      structures such as tight junctions, it must be explained on the basis of some
      physico-chemical feature of the cell membrane itself. Secondly, the values of the
      delta delta F w leads to l indicate that the adipocyte membrane is less polar
      than the intestinal and gallbladder membranes but more polar than the membranes
      of Nitella and the erythrocyte.

PMID- 1195351
TI  - Fusion in phospholipid spherical membranes. I. Effect of temperature and
      lysolecithin.
AB  - A study concerning membrane contact and fusion phenomena was made for
      phospholipid spherical bilayer systems with respect to temperature. Specific
      temperatures were obtained for the spherical bilayer membranes of phosphatidyl
      choline (PC) and phosphatidyl serine (PS) which indicated a greater degree of
      membrane fusion and were designated Tf (the fusion temperature -- PC: 43 degrees
      C, PS: 38 degrees C). These temperatures were reduced by about 10 degrees C for
      the membranes incorporated with 20% lysophosphatidyl choline. The results of the
      contact and fusion observed in the spherical membranes are compared and discussed
      with the conductance characteristics of the PC and PS planar bilayer membranes as
      well as dissolution study on the phospholipid monolayers formed at the air/water
      interface with respect to temperature. Also, a possible molecular mechanism of
      membrane fusion is discussed in terms of the fluidity and instability of the
      membrane.

PMID- 1195352
TI  - Effects of unstirred layers on the steady-state zero-current conductance of
      bilayer membranes mediated by neutral carriers of ions.
AB  - Some effects of diffusion polarization and chemical reactions on the steady-state
      zero-current conductance of lipid bilayers mediated by neutral carriers of ions
      have been studied theoretically and experimentally. Assuming that ion permeation
      across the interfaces occurs via a heterogeneous reaction between ions in the
      solution and carriers in the membrane, the relationship between the conductance
      and the aqueous concentration of carriers is shown to be linear only in a limited
      range of sufficiently low concentrations. At higher carrier concentrations, which
      for the most strongly bound cations are within the range of the experimentally
      accessible values, the conductance is expected to become limited by diffusion of
      the carried ion in the unstirred layers and therefore reach an upper limiting
      value independent of the membrane properties. This expectation has been
      successfully verified for glyceryl-monooleate membranes in the presence of the
      ions K+, Rb+ and NH+4 and carriers such as valinomycin and trinactin. The
      experimental results support, at least for the present system, the generally
      accepted view that complexation between ions and the macrocyclic antibiotics
      occurs at the membrane surface; it is shown, in fact, that for a different
      mechanism, such as that by which the complexes would form in the aqueous
      solutions and cross the interfaces as lipid-soluble ions, the same type of
      saturation would be expected to be observable only for unrealistically high
      values of the rate constants of the ion-carrier association. A previously
      proposed criterion to distinguish between these two mechanisms, based on the
      dependence of the conductance on the ion concentration, is discussed from the
      viewpoint of this more comprehensive model.

PMID- 1195353
TI  - Properties of the conductance induced in lecithin bilayer membranes by
      alamethicin.
AB  - Current-voltage relations have been measured across lecithin bilayers doped with
      alamethicin molecules. The results show that there are two aspects of the induced
      conductances, a voltage-dependent and a voltage-independent conductance. Both
      have been characterized as a function of alamethicin and KCl concentration. The
      two aspects of the conductances do not show the same changes with those two
      variables. The voltage-independent conductance is affected very little by changes
      in KCl concentration, and its dependance on alamethicin concentration reveals
      that it is produced by two or three alamethicin molecules. The voltage-dependent
      conductance is shifted by the changes in KCl concentration only when the
      concentrations are greater than or equal to 100 mM; below 100 mM KCl the slope of
      the log conductance-voltage curve is also reduced. The effect of changing
      alamethicin concentration reveals that nine or ten molecules are involved for KCl
      concentrations larger than 100 mM; if the KCl concentration is less than 100 mM,
      the effect of changing the alamethicin concentration is reduced. Time-dependent
      measurements have also been performed; only one time constant was found and it is
      strongly voltage-dependent. Also a very slow voltage-dependent absorption process
      is found. These results can be explained if it is assumed that pores are formed
      of a mixture of charged and uncharged alamethicin molecules when a voltage is
      applied and that uncharged alamethicin can also form pores without applying a
      voltage, once the absorption process has been started by previously applied
      voltages. The voltage dependence of the time constant seems to indicate that the
      voltage-dependent pore formation is produced by aggregates of charged alamethicin
      rather than independent molecules.

PMID- 1195354
TI  - Osmotic regulation in the marine alga, Codium decorticatum. I. Regulation of
      turgor pressure by control of ionic composition.
AB  - Codium decorticatum regulates its internal ionic composition and osmotic pressure
      in response to changes in external salinity. Over a salinity range of 23 to 37%
      (675 to 1120 mosmol/kg) Codium maintains a constant turgor pressure of 95
      mosmol/kg (2.3 atm), observed as a constant difference between internal and
      external osmotic pressures. The changes in internal osmotic pressure are due to
      changes in intracellular inorganic ions. At 30 0/00 salinity the major
      intracellular ions are present in the following concentrations (mmol/kg cell
      H20): K+, 295; Na+, 255; Cl-, 450. At different salinities intracellular ion
      concentrations remain in constant proportion to the external ion concentrations,
      and thus the equilibrium potentials are approximately constant. The potential
      difference between the vacuole and seawater (-76 mV), whici is predominantly a K+
      diffusion potential, is also constant with changing salinity. Comparison of the
      equilibrium potentials with the vacuole potential suggests that Cl- is actively
      absorbed and Na+ actively extruded, whereas K+ may be passively distributed
      between the vacuole and seawater. Turgor pressure does not change with
      environmental hydrostatic pressure, and increasing the external osmotic pressure
      with raffinose elicits a response similar to that obtained by increasing the
      salinity. These two results suggest that the stimulus for turgor regulation is a
      change in turgor pressure rather than a change in internal hydrostatic pressure
      or ion concentrations.

PMID- 1195355
TI  - Intra-subject controlled time-out (social isolation) in the modification of self
      injurious behaviour.
AB  - This study deals with the controlling of self-injurious behaviour in a profoundly
      retarded girl. The main therapeutic tool, social isolation, was carried out under
      normal ward conditions and was statistically evaluated in an intra-subject design
      without reversal conditions. The procedure reduced the self-injurious behaviour
      to a near-zero level.

PMID- 1195356
TI  - Some aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in Prader-Willi syndrome.
AB  - Three patients with Prader-Willi syndrome are reported. The subjects presented
      chemical diabetes mellitus. All patients were hypersentsiive to exogenous insulin
      and they showed poor adrenal medullary response to hypoglycaemics. It was
      postulated that the poor adrenal medullary response to the insulin injection may
      be a contributing factor in the excessive hypoglycaemic response, and that the
      diabetes mellitus observed in the patients could be due to inactivation of
      endogenous insulin.

PMID- 1195357
TI  - Long arm deletion of chromosome no. 6 in a mentally retarded boy with multiple
      physical malformations.
AB  - In a severe mentally retarded boy with multiple physical malformations
      cytogenetic analysis by the method of heat Giemsa staining confirmed the long arm
      deletion of chromosome No. 6--46, XY, del(6) (q2). Cytogenetic finding in parents
      were normal.

PMID- 1195358
TI  - Carcinoma of the penis.

PMID- 1195359
TI  - Radiologic seminar CLV: The Page kidney: An unusual cause of hypertension.

PMID- 1195360
TI  - Paraneoplastic manifestations in gastric carcinoma.

PMID- 1195361
TI  - Hypospadias: a general review.

PMID- 1195362
TI  - The "half and half fingernail": the most significant onychopathological indicator
      of chronic renal failure.

PMID- 1195363
TI  - Maternal mortality in Mississippi: 1972.

PMID- 1195364
TI  - The president speaking: "Vigilance is the price of liberty".

PMID- 1195365
TI  - Restrictions in Missouri abortion statute upheld.

PMID- 1195366
TI  - The role of replication proteins in the regulation of bacteriophage T4
      transcription. II. Gene 45 and late transcription uncoupled from replication.

PMID- 1195367
TI  - Host mutant (tabD)-induced inhibition of bacteriophage T4 late transcription. I.
      Isolation and phenotypic characterization of the mutants.

PMID- 1195368
TI  - The swelling property of central nervous system nerves using x-ray diffraction.

PMID- 1195369
TI  - The relation of single-stranded regions in bacteriophage PM2 supercoiled DNA to
      the early melting sequences.

PMID- 1195370
TI  - Volume occupation, environment and accessibility in proteins. The problem of the
      protein surface.

PMID- 1195371
TI  - Changes in RNA metabolism and accumulation of presumptive messenger RNA during
      transition from the growing to the quiescent state of cultured mouse fibroblasts.

PMID- 1195372
TI  - Reactivities of the cysteine residues of the reduced pancreatic trypsin
      inhibitor.

PMID- 1195373
TI  - Absence from the mouse genome of DNA sequences related to the globin gene family.

PMID- 1195374
TI  - Fluorotyrosine alkaline phosphatase: internal mobility of individual tyrosines
      and the role of chemical shift anisotropy as a 19F nuclear spin relaxation
      mechanism in proteins.

PMID- 1195375
TI  - A pulsed diffusion technique for the growth of protein crystals for x-ray
      diffraction.

PMID- 1195376
TI  - Structure of deoxyhemoglobin A crystals grown from polyethylene glycol solutions.

PMID- 1195377
TI  - The contractile apparatus of vascular smooth muscle: intermediate high voltage
      stereo electron microscopy.

PMID- 1195378
TI  - Crystal structure of sickle-cell deoxyhemoglobin at 5 A resolution.

PMID- 1195379
TI  - Detection by density equilibrium centrifugation of recombinant-like DNA molecules
      in somatic mammalian cells.

PMID- 1195380
TI  - Protein cleavage during virus assembly: characterization of cleavage in T4 phage.

PMID- 1195381
TI  - Beef liver catalase structure: interpretation of electron micrographs.

PMID- 1195382
TI  - Conformations of poly(d(A-T-T))-poly(d(A-A-T)).

PMID- 1195383
TI  - The conformation of C-DNA.

PMID- 1195384
TI  - Demonstration of intact 26 S ribosomal RNA molecules in Drosophila cells.

PMID- 1195385
TI  - Detection of long eukaryote-specific pyrimidine runs in repetitive DNA sequences
      and their relation to single-stranded regions in DNA isolated from sea urchin
      embryos.

PMID- 1195387
TI  - A "block" approach to the study of highly helical proteins by x-ray scattering in
      solution.

PMID- 1195386
TI  - DNA as substrate for packaging into bacteriophage lambda, in vitro.

PMID- 1195388
TI  - Sequence repeats in alpha-tropomyosin.

PMID- 1195389
TI  - Tropomyosin coiled-coil interactions: evidence for an unstaggered structure.

PMID- 1195390
TI  - Studies on the late replication of phage lambda: rolling-circle replication of
      the wild type and a partially suppressed strain, Oam29 Pam80.

PMID- 1195391
TI  - Effect of light on carbon monoxide binding by erythrocruorin.

PMID- 1195392
TI  - The two component kinetic analysis method. Evidence for two renaturing components
      in mouse satellite DNA and Dipodomys ordie HS-beta satellite DNA.

PMID- 1195393
TI  - Characterization of cytoplasmic and nuclear genomes in the colorless alga
      Polytoma. V. Molecular structure and heterogenity of leucoplast DNA.

PMID- 1195394
TI  - Determination of the molecular complexity of double-stranded phage genome DNA
      from initial renaturation rates. The effect of DNA base composition.

PMID- 1195395
TI  - Structure studies on styrene-treated immunoglobulin crystals.

PMID- 1195396
TI  - Solvation of crystalline proteins: theory and its application to available data.

PMID- 1195397
TI  - Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel
      electrophoresis.

PMID- 1195398
TI  - Novel multi-nonsense suppressor in bacteriophage T4D.

PMID- 1195399
TI  - Analysis of the primary sequence of alpha-tropomyosin from rabbit skeletal
      muscle.

PMID- 1195400
TI  - Relations between optical spectrum and structure in nitrosyl hemoglobin and
      hybrids.

PMID- 1195401
TI  - Three-dimensional image reconstructions of bacteriophages R17 and f2.

PMID- 1195402
TI  - The double domain structure of rhodanese.

PMID- 1195403
TI  - Automated interpretation of electron density maps of proteins: a note on alpha
      helical regions.

PMID- 1195404
TI  - Secondary structure change of bacteriophage T4 sheath protein during sheath
      contraction.

PMID- 1195405
TI  - The coiled-coil structure: identity of the two chains of Mercenaria paramyosin.

PMID- 1195406
TI  - Paramyosin segments: molecular orientation and interactions in invertebrate
      muscle thick filaments.

PMID- 1195407
TI  - Some new methods and general results of analysis of protein crystallographic
      structural data.

PMID- 1195408
TI  - C-terminal region of the major erythrocyte sialoglycoprotein is on the
      cytoplasmic side of the membrane.

PMID- 1195409
TI  - Developing a health care system in Ghana.

PMID- 1195410
TI  - Variant angina pectoris. Four cases to illustrate the spectrum.

PMID- 1195411
TI  - Surgical complications of anticoagulation.

PMID- 1195412
TI  - Sarcoidosis: a comparison of cutaneous manifestations with chest radiographic
      changes.

PMID- 1195413
TI  - The pathology of cancer.

PMID- 1195414
TI  - Serial urinary osmolality in pregnancy.

PMID- 1195415
TI  - Evaluation and management of cervical spine syndromes.

PMID- 1195416
TI  - Recruiting and retaining minority students in health sciences training programs.

PMID- 1195417
TI  - Paraprofessional child therapists.

PMID- 1195418
TI  - Evangelismos Medical Center, Athens, Greece.

PMID- 1195419
TI  - Hungarian public health.

PMID- 1195420
TI  - Health services in Czechoslovakia.

PMID- 1195421
TI  - Editorial: You're best when freshly fertilized.

PMID- 1195422
TI  - The malpractice crisis: alternative solutions.

PMID- 1195423
TI  - Genetic studies on keloid.

PMID- 1195424
TI  - His bundle electrocardiography.

PMID- 1195425
TI  - Ruptured tubo-ovarian abscess.

PMID- 1195426
TI  - Juvenile thyrotoxicosis in black children. Clinical observations on 12 children
      with thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 1195427
TI  - Adenomatoid tumor of the uterus. Report of two cases.

PMID- 1195428
TI  - Sickle cell screening: considerations in approaching the population at risk.

PMID- 1195429
TI  - Immediate prognosis of severe cases of measles admitted to University College
      Hospital, Ibadan.

PMID- 1195430
TI  - Hazards of depressions in black patients.

PMID- 1195431
TI  - The radiologist and the industrial medical complex.

PMID- 1195432
TI  - Endometriosis of the abdominal surgical scar following hysterotomy.

PMID- 1195434
TI  - Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974.

PMID- 1195433
TI  - With strings attached.

PMID- 1195435
TI  - Psychosociological factors which precede drug misuse.

PMID- 1195436
TI  - Testimony before the Senate Health Subcommittee. Senator Edward M. Kennedy,
      Chairman. RE: S. 1619, sickle cell anemia; S. 1715, the Genetics Bill; and S.
      1620, Cooley's anemia.

PMID- 1195437
TI  - Microcirculation of traumatized spinal cord. A correlation of microangiography
      and blood flow patterns in transitory and permanent paraplegia.
AB  - A relationship of microangiography and blood flow patterns in the contused feline
      spinal cord is reported. In transitory traumatic paraplegia, an injury from which
      there is a return of function in several weeks, impaired vascular perfusion
      occurs in the white matter through 1 hour after contusion, then stabilizes and
      returns to normal by 24 hours. In permanent traumatic paraplegia, an injury from
      which no sensory or motor function returns, the vascular perfusion of the white
      matter continues to decrease after 1 hour and returns to normal by 24 hours at
      which time irreversible damage has occurred to the major sensory and motor
      tracts. Within the first 30 minutes post-trauma, intramedullary vasospasm is
      noted. In both the transitory and permanent lesions the gray matter becomes
      hemorrhagic and has no evidence of perfusion by fluorescent techniques by 1 hour
      after injury.

PMID- 1195438
TI  - Pulmonary aerobic bacterial flora after aspiration pneumonitis.
AB  - Preventive antibiotic therapy in patients with aspiration pneumonitis remains
      controversial. Observations from culture of bronchial secretions indicate that
      patients who aspire of gastric contents whould receive antibiotics
      prophylactically only if there is another infective focus present or strongly
      suspected. Otherwise antibiotics should be withheld until clinically or
      radiologically indicated.

PMID- 1195439
TI  - Isolated posterior cruciate ligament injury: literature review and case reports.
AB  - A review of the recent literature on posterior cruciate ligament injury reveals
      few descriptions of isolated injury. The major findings in this injury include
      abrasions over the anterior tibial surface, presence of a posterior drawer sign,
      recurvatum of the knee, bloody effusion, and X-ray evidence of avulsion of the
      posterior tibial margin. The mechanism of injury appears to be a direct blow to
      the anterior tibial surface with the knee acutely flexed and the posterior
      capsule lax. The force of the blow drives the tibia posterior, thereby causing a
      tension injury to the posterior cruciate ligament while actually increasing the
      laxity in the posterior capsule. All injuries were treated surgically through a
      posterior approach using internal fixation of the avulsion fracture. Satisfactory
      wound and fracture healing occurred in all cases and function at 3 months was
      good with ligamentous stability present.

PMID- 1195440
TI  - Diagnosis of osteochondral fractures in acute traumatic patellar dislocations
      using air arthrography.
AB  - A case of osteochondral fracture following acute patellar injury has been
      presented, demonstrating the usefulness of air arthrography in diagnosis of
      selected cases.

PMID- 1195441
TI  - Homicidal death by air rifle.
AB  - A fatal injury of the brain from a penetrating air rifle is described. Deaths due
      to air rifles are extremely rare; only four other cases were found in the recent
      English-language literature. All deaths resulted from pellet wounds of the brain.
      The portal of entry for the pellet was the eye in two instances and the frontal
      bone of a child in the other two.

PMID- 1195442
TI  - Synovitis secondary to non-metallic foreign bodies.
AB  - Eight cases of non-metallic foreign body synovitis are presented. In all cases,
      an apparently innocuous penetrating injury led to synovitis, and early articular
      cartilage destruction. Delay in appropriate diagnosis frequently occurred because
      of confusion regarding the management of these injuries. Pitfalls identified
      were: 1) failure to appreciate the seriousness of the initial injury and to
      debride the wound appropriately; 2) failure to obtain satisfactory initial
      radiographs; 3) failure to explore the wounds surgically; 4) failure to
      appreciate that a symptom-free interval may follow foreign body penetration.
      Synovectomy was necessary in six cases to ensure removal of either microscopic or
      hidden gross particulate matter. Pathologically, these specimens showed chronic
      synovitis and foreign body granuloma. The implications of such foreign bodies to
      longterm joint degeneration are discussed.

PMID- 1195443
TI  - Early post surgical fitting in upper extremity amputations.

PMID- 1195444
TI  - Two false aneurysms of the common carotide artery--a delayed complication of
      penetrating cervical trauma.
AB  - An unusual case of false aneurysms of the common carotid artery is presented, and
      the topic of penetrating cervical trauma and its management is briefly reviewed.

PMID- 1195445
TI  - Penetrating intracranial foreign bodies in children.
AB  - Four cases illustrating low-velocity penetrating injuries from foreign bodies are
      presented. The importance of formal intracranial exposure is emphasized. When
      used in these four cases, all patients had good recoveries. In children,
      penetration of the brain is likely because of the fragility of the orbital roof.
      The English-language literature on penetrating intracranial foreign bodies is
      also reviewed.

PMID- 1195446
TI  - Injuries in children sustained in free falls: an analysis of 66 cases.
AB  - Sixty-six children who fell distances up to 96 feet were studied to determine the
      frequency and patterns of injuries sustained. Upper extremity, skull, and femoral
      fractures were most common; there was only one pelvic fracture and one os calcis
      fracture. Two of the children died, and 64 children returned to normal
      activities.

PMID- 1195447
TI  - Correction by hyaluronidase of the interstitial tissue transport defect during
      shock: a new approach to therapy.
AB  - We have demonstrated a defect in tissue perfusion during hemorrhagic shock in
      dogs that is due in part to poor capillary flow, and in part to a defect in
      interstitial tissue diffusion. Treatment with whole blood alone improves
      capillary flow but diffusion remains defective. The use of hyaluronidase appears
      to correct the interstitial diffusion defect observed during shock.

PMID- 1195448
TI  - A technique for measuring blood pressure in a medical evacuation helicopter.
AB  - In view of the increasing use of helicopters in the evacuation of patients in
      both military and civilian settings and the longer missions being flown, more
      efficient methods of monitoring patients' vital signs are needed. One such method
      has been evaluated utilizing the ultrasonic flowmeter to measure blood pressure.
      This study indicates that a reliable technique is now available for measuring
      systolic blood pressure even in low flow states in the noisy environment of a
      medical evacuation helicopter.

PMID- 1195449
TI  - [Myeloid bodies of the pigmented epithelium of the retina in vertebrates].

PMID- 1195450
TI  - Electron microscopy studies on Banzi virus particle and its development in the
      suckling mice brains.

PMID- 1195451
TI  - Localization of amine storage sites in the adrenergic cell body. A study of the
      superior cervical ganglion of the rat by fine structural cytochemistry.

PMID- 1195452
TI  - A highly ordered protein from Pelargonium: structure and cellular localization.

PMID- 1195453
TI  - Demonstration of acetylcholinesterase in the adrenergic nerves of the renal
      glomerular arterioles.

PMID- 1195454
TI  - Effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on the renal excretion of creatinine in
      man.
AB  - Treatment with the chemotherapeutic combination of 160 mg. trimethoprim plus 800
      mg. sulfamethoxazole twice daily increased the serum creatinine level by an
      average of 2 mg. per 1. in 21 patients. The effect was clearly reversible. The
      chemical analysis of creatinine was not affected by the addition of trimethoprim,
      sulfamethoxazole or their metabolites. In 2 subjects given the drug combination
      for 12 days renal excretion and 24-hour clearances of creatinine decreased but
      iothalamate 131I clearance was unchanged. Consequently, the rise in serum
      creatinine does not indicate any decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. The
      serum creatinine started to rise within 4 hours after oral administration of a
      single dose. The rise in serum creatinine could be produced with trimethoprim
      alone but not with sulfamethoxazole alone. When the plasma creatinine was raised
      to 100 mg. per l. in healthy subjects (by giving creatinine orally), trimethoprim
      increased the creatinine levels 10 times as much as at normal plasma levels. The
      effect was interpreted as a competitive inhibition of the mechanism for tubular
      secretion of creatinine through the base-secreting pathway.

PMID- 1195455
TI  - The place of diagnostic ultrasound in the examination of kidneys not seen on
      excretory urography.
AB  - An examination was done on 28 patients with renal failure, 20 with unilateral
      hydronephrosis, 8 with multicystic kidneys, 3 with hypoplastic or chronically
      infected kidneys, and single examples of renal vein thrombosis, renal artery
      occlusion, xanthogranulomatous pyonephrosis with perinephric abscess, trauma and
      tumor invading the whole kidney. The distinct ultrasonic appearances of the
      various conditions causing radiographic non-visualization of the kidney are
      described.

PMID- 1195456
TI  - Nephrectomy for renovascular hypertension in azotemic patients.

PMID- 1195457
TI  - The bloody renal cyst aspirate: a diagnostic dilemma.

PMID- 1195458
TI  - Solitary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma.

PMID- 1195459
TI  - The value of aortography in demonstrating spinal metastases from renal cell
      carcinoma prior to neurological localization.

PMID- 1195460
TI  - Long-term radiographic changes of the kidney following the ileal ureter
      operation.
AB  - A long-term retrospective evaluation was done on the preoperative and
      postoperative radiographic studies from patients who had undergone the ileal
      ureter operation. The comparative studies demonstrated decreased or stable
      pelviocaliceal dilatation, no measurable parenchymal loss, frequent high pressure
      vesico-ileac reflux and decreased number of renal calculi. Radiographically there
      was no evidence of renal morphological deterioration.

PMID- 1195461
TI  - Study on use of isolated segment of ileum in urological plastic operation.
AB  - Studies were done on 33 cases of plastic reconstruction of the urinary tract with
      an isolated ileal segment. We found that electrolytes and other components in the
      urine can be absorbed or excreted by the isolated ileal mucosa. Although
      electrolyte balance was preserved in most cases the tendency for hyperchloremic
      acidosis and high blood urea nitrogen was observed in some patients with poor
      renal function. The degree and the incidence of these changes were influenced by
      the length of ileal segment used and the volume of urine excreted. These 2
      factors were related to infection, which gave deleterious effects on renal
      function. Among the tests used for prognosis the excretory urogram was found to
      be the most simple and provided the best information.

PMID- 1195462
TI  - Histologic appearance of the intestinal urinary conduit.
AB  - The histology of intestinal urinary conduits (8 ileal and 2 sigmoid) in place for
      10 months to 10 years was studied in 10 patients between 20 and 65 years old. It
      is concluded that the ileum and the large intestine do not undergo adaptive
      metaplastic transformation. The only changes observed are related to a condition
      of chronic irritation to which the response is a chronic inflammatory reaction.
      Structures proving to be the most resistant were the cells of Paneth. The latter
      were not damaged in appearance and number as compared to normal, even when the
      conduit was in place for 10 years.

PMID- 1195463
TI  - Epidemiology and treatment of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors.
AB  - Throughout the world the number of cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors has
      increased considerably during the last 2 decades. In Yugoslavia this increase has
      been exceptionally high since about 1953 or 1954. Many of our patients with these
      tumors come from regions where the population is affected by endemic nephropathy,
      the frequency of tumors in these regions being about 100 times higher than it is
      in other parts of Yugoslavia. In many cases these patients have renal failure
      and, therefore, conservative procedures are undertaken. Herein are reported the
      causes and results of therapy in 972 cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors
      collected in Yugoslavia. Particular attention has been paid to conservative
      operations (37 cases of renal pelvic and 64 cases of ureteral tumors), including
      their indications and possibilities. That many patients with renal pelvic and
      ureteral tumors have favorable conditions for a conservative procedure is
      confirmed by the comparatively good followup. However, in other cases a
      conservative operation is unreasonable and nephroureterectomy is mandatory.

PMID- 1195464
TI  - Effects of formalin on bladder urothelium.
AB  - Formalin instillation into canine bladders was followed by serial radiographic
      and histologic evaluation. A generalized slough of epithelial tissue was seen
      with the deposition of an amorphous substance. Telangiectasia resulted in
      moderate bleeding. No ureterovesical junction obstruction was seen and reflux
      occurring in 60 per cent of the animals reverted to normal. Correlation with
      clinical experience is made.

PMID- 1195465
TI  - An evaluation of average flow rate in traumatic neurogenic bladder dysfunction.
AB  - The average flow rate of 60 male patients with spinal cord injuries was studied
      in a simplified method with a urine cup and a stopwatch. Results were based on
      the level of the lesion, course of injury, sensation of micturition, cystometric
      type and cystographic change. The average flow rate of 60 patients with traumatic
      spinal cord injury was 10.62 plus or minus 5.37 ml. per second, while that of 10
      normal adult male patients was 15.70 plus or minus 3.10 ml. per second. The
      average flow rate was better in patients who had normal or nearly normal
      proprioceptive sensation than in those without this sensation. Bladder
      deterioration was not noted on the cystograms of patients who had normal
      proprioceptive sensations. Therefore, patients with traumatic cord bladders with
      normal urinary sensation may have a good prognosis, while those with disturbed
      proprioceptive sensation may require some urological manipulation to reduce
      urethral resistance.

PMID- 1195466
TI  - Antigenic deletion and prognosis of patients with stage A transitional cell
      bladder carcinoma.
AB  - The mixed cell agglutination reaction was studied in 22 patients with stage A
      transitional cell bladder tumors. The absence of antigens on the original tumor
      was found to correlate with development of invasive cancer on followup. The
      presence of antigens on the original tumor correlated with failure to develop
      stage B or greater disease within 5 to 14 years of followup.

PMID- 1195467
TI  - Evaluation of biological markers in bladder cancer.
AB  - The value of biological markers of bladder cancer was studied in 66 patients. The
      markers included serum and urine carcinoembryonic antigens, serum and urine
      fibrinogen degradation products, total lymphocyte counts, urine lymphocytes and
      urine cytology. A high degree of accuracy (90 per cent) was found in correlating
      cytology and urinary fibrinogen degradation products with the activity of the
      disease. Serum and urine carcinoembryonic antigens, serum fibrinogen degradation
      products, total lymphocyte counts and urine lymphocytes were found to have no
      value in screening bladder cancer patients. Urinary fibrinogen degradation
      products and cytology in combination are recommended for screening and followup
      of patients at high risk.

PMID- 1195468
TI  - Chemotherapy of bladder carcinoma with cyclophosphamide and adriamycin.
AB  - We assigned 49 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to 1 of 3
      groups: 21 patients (group 1) received cyclophosphamide alone, 10 patients (group
      2) received adriamycin alone and 18 patients (group 3) received cyclophosphamide
      and adriamycin. The objective responses were 52.3 per cent in group 1, 10 per
      cent in group 2 and 50 per cent in group 3. These results suggest a significant
      activity of the drugs (especially in groups 1 and 3) tested in bladder cancer.

PMID- 1195469
TI  - The surgical correction of retrograde ejaculation.
AB  - Two patients with retrograde ejaculation subsequent to Y-V plasty of the bladder
      neck underwent a surgical procedure to reconstruct the internal vesical sphincter
      and correct the phenomenon. The approach is transvesical and the internal vesical
      sphincter is reconstructed to the diameter of a No. 16 Foley catheter. The normal
      muscle of the bladder neck is approximated after the mucosa and scar tissue are
      excised. Both patients now have normal ejaculation and one has fathered a child.

PMID- 1195470
TI  - Sphincter stretch: a new technique resulting in continence and complete voiding
      in paraplegics.
AB  - A technique is described to facilitate voiding in the paraplegic, whereby
      external sphincter spasm is eliminated as a source of obstruction. Digital
      stretch on the anal sphincter combined with the Valsalva maneuver has resulted in
      satisfactory bladder emptying in 16 paraplegic patients. The technique has been
      found unsatisfactory in patients with contracted bladders or with incomplete
      lesions of the spinal cord.

PMID- 1195471
TI  - Peyronie's disease: results with dermo-jet injection of dexamethasone.
AB  - The results in 21 patients with Peyronie's disease who were managed with a course
      of dermo-jet percutaneous injections of dexamethasone into the plaques are
      described herein. These patients had 6 to 10 injections at intervals of 1 month
      for 6 months. In a high percentage of the cases there occurred a disappearance or
      decrease in the size of the plaques, pain on erection and discomfort during
      sexual relations. Also, there was a high rate of improvement in the chordee.
      Because of the natural history of resolution of the plaques and the small number
      of patients, statistical significance is not believed applicable, although 71 per
      cent of the patients had experienced prior failure with other modes of therapy.
      Eight patients experienced urinary or prostato-epididymal infections at some time
      in their medical history, correlating well with the inflammatory theory as the
      cause of the disorder.

PMID- 1195472
TI  - The treatment of Peyronie's disease with parathyroid hormone.

PMID- 1195473
TI  - Isolation and identification of the human malignant prostatic epithelial cell in
      pure monolayer culture.
AB  - Isolation of the human malignant prostatic epithelial cell in pure monolayer
      culture was accomplished by clonal growth of single cells derived from metastatic
      deposits of prostatic carcinoma. Identification of these cells was established by
      the fact that the acid phosphatase of the prostatic epithelial cell is not
      inhibited by immersion in 10 per cent neutral formalin up to 24 hours, whereas
      all other acid phosphatases are destroyed by the formalin.

PMID- 1195474
TI  - Sulfacytine: a new sulfonamide. Double-blind comparison with sulfisoxazole in
      acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections.
AB  - A new sulfonamide, sulfacytine, was compared in a double-blind study with
      sulfisoxazole for the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection in
      98 outpatients. Patients received either 4 gm. sulfisoxazole or 1 gm. sulfacytine
      daily for 10 days. Evaluation was made of the bacteriologic and clinical success
      within the period of treatment and at some point after treatment. Bacteriologic
      success, or reduction of urine bacterial count from 100,000 or more micro
      organisms per ml. to 1,000 or less, was observed in 95 to 100 per cent of the
      patients in each group during treatment as well as at the post-treatment
      evaluation. Clinical success, or the abolition of dysuria and frequency of
      urination and the reduction of pyuria to less than 10 white blood cells per high
      power field, was observed in 75 to 85 per cent of the patients. Adverse reactions
      were rare, involving 1 instance each of headache, nausea and hematuria in the
      sulfisoxazole group, and drug attributability was only possibly established. Mild
      laboratory abnormalities occurred in each group, 2 cases each of decreased white
      blood count and 1 instance of a lowered hemoglobin in a patient in the
      sulfacytine group. The results of our study seem to indicate that sulfacytine is
      an effective drug for the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract
      infections.

PMID- 1195475
TI  - Prognostic value of host immunocompetence in urologic cancer patients.
AB  - To evaluate the prognostic significance of host immunocompetence in urologic
      cancer patients, the subsequent clinical course of 95 patients was determined a
      year after skin testing with dinitrochlorobenzene. A close correlation was
      demonstrated between dinitrochlorobenzene reactivity and prognosis among 38
      transitional carcinoma patients. Of 19 patients with impaired reactivity 13 had
      tumor recurrences and 11 of these died of cancer within 1 year. Only 5 of 19
      patients with normal dinitrochlorobenzene reactivity had recurrences and none
      died during the same interval. Although not statistically significant, similar
      results were observed among 10 renal cell carcinoma patients of whom 3 of 5 with
      impaired dinitrochlorobenzene reactivity had tumor recurrences, while 4 of 5 with
      normal reactivity remained free of tumor. One testis tumor patient with impaired
      dinitrochlorobenzene reactivity died of cancer, while 3 of 4 with normal
      reactivity remained free of tumor. Similarly, 1 patient with carcinoma of the
      penis with impaired dinitrochlorobenzene reactivity died of cancer, while 2 of 3
      with normal reactivity remained free of tumor. In contrast, reactivity to
      dinitrochlorobenzene did not correlate with the clinical course of 38 prostatic
      carcinoma patients. Ten of 19 patients with normal dinitrochlorobenzene
      reactivity and 9 of 19 with impaired reactivity were dead or had symptomatic
      recurrences within 1 year, while 9 of 19 with normal reactivity and 10 of 19 with
      impaired reactivity were either free of tumor or asymptomatic. However, a trend
      toward a correlation between dinitrochlorobenzene reactivity and tumor
      progression was observed among patients not receiving endocrine therapy. The
      differences with respect to the prognostic significance of host immunocompetence
      between transitional carcinoma patients and those with prostatic carcinoma may be
      explained by fundamental differences in the biologic properties of these tumors,
      especially the endocrine sensitivity of prostatic carcinoma.

PMID- 1195476
TI  - A simple inexpensive technique for cystoscopic photography.

PMID- 1195477
TI  - New Iglesias resectoscope with continuous irrigation, simultaneous suction and
      low intravesical pressure.
AB  - The new Iglesias resectoscope that allows simultaneous suction, continuous
      irrigation and low intravesical pressure is described. Advantages of this
      instrument include no interruption, better endoscopic vision by a continuous
      clear inflow of more than 600 ml. per minute, a low intravesical pressure less
      than 10 mm. Hg during the transurethral resection, shorter operating time, less
      bleeding, easier teaching and no more wet floor and wet surgeon. Since the entire
      amount of irrigating fluid is collected blood loss can be calculated and the
      amount of absorption can be determined.

PMID- 1195479
TI  - Renal cell carcinoma presenting with nephrotic syndrome: a case report and review
      of the literature.

PMID- 1195478
TI  - Caudal regression syndrome: the urologic implications.

PMID- 1195480
TI  - Milk-of-calcium obstruction of the ureter.

PMID- 1195481
TI  - Blunt ureteral trauma with perineal urine fistulization: review of the
      literature.
AB  - The first case of blunt ureteral disruption with external urine fistulization is
      presented. Reanastomosis with temporary urine diversion by a nephrostomy tube was
      successful. A review of the literature since 1950 revealed only 49 cases that
      proved this pathology should be considered in the differential diagnosis of post
      traumatic hematuria or the development of mass in the flank. Nephrectomy is no
      longer used since a thorough attempt at reconstructive surgery will provide good
      functional results.

PMID- 1195482
TI  - Chylous ascites following retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.
AB  - A case of postoperative chylous ascites accumulation after retroperitoneal lymph
      node dissection is reviewed. Although uncommon, this complication is distressing
      and because of the close proximity of the cisterna chyli to the renal pedicles it
      may be encountered with any retroperitoneal procedures involving this area.
      Avoidance of the complication by specific identification and ligation of these
      structures appears to be the best treatment. Several forms of operative and non
      operative therapy have been noted and survival rates in the iatrogenic form of
      chylous ascites appear to be good based on a limited series of cases.

PMID- 1195484
TI  - Microbiology of two-stage kraft waste treatment.

PMID- 1195483
TI  - Mycobacteria fortuitum in the urinary tract: a case report.

PMID- 1195485
TI  - Necrotic stomatitis in a dolphin.
AB  - Necrotic stomatitis of undetermined etiology was found in an Atlantic bottlenosed
      dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. The case history, treatment and hematologic findings
      are described. The animal remained anorectic throughout the course of the
      illness, and was force fed on a daily basis for approximately 5 weeks.

PMID- 1195486
TI  - Detection and transmission of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow
      trout.
AB  - Detection and transmission of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in rainbow
      trout (Salmo gairdneri) was studied at a commercial trout hatchery. Transmission
      of virus was demonstrated via water, feed and contaminated eggs. If eggs from
      carrier females were incubated several weeks in virus-free water, the resulting
      fry did not become infected. However, if fry subsequently became infected they
      were lifetime carriers. Infectious virus was readily detectable in most tissues
      of moribund fish; in carriers it was detected in sex products of spawning fish,
      and in samples from the intestine of post-spawning fish, but not in samples from
      blood, feces, kidney, or liver. The carrier rate was not significantly different
      between sexes. It was concluded that adult carriers are the reservoir of
      infection and that transmission occurs primarily when carriers shed virus and
      expose susceptable fish or eggs.

PMID- 1195487
TI  - Effect of virulent Trichomonas gallinae on the band-tailed pigeon.
AB  - Nine Trichomonas-free band-tailed pigeons (Columba fasciata fasciata) trapped in
      Colorado died from experimental infection with Jones' Barn Trichomonas gallinae
      7.1 days (av.) post-inoculation. Three experimentally infected domestic pigeons
      (C. livia) used as controls died 5.7 days (av.) post-inoculation. Three band
      tailed pigeons from Colorado naturally infected with avirulent T. gallinae.
      Trichomonads obtained from a fatal case of trichomoniasis in a band-tailed pigeon
      from California killed a band-tailed pigeon from Colorado; they did not kill five
      domestic pigeons but did induce severe oral caseation.

PMID- 1195489
TI  - Fish furunculosis caused by Aeromonas salmonicida var. achromogenes.
AB  - An epizootic of sub-acute furunculosis caused by an acromogenic variety of
      Aeromonas salmonicida is described. Bacteriologic, serologic and virulence
      characteristics of the isolate are presented.

PMID- 1195488
TI  - Experimentally transmitted marble spleen disease in pen-raised wild turkeys.
AB  - Pen-raised North American wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo L.) were
      experimentally infected with marble spleen disease (MSD) to determine their
      susceptibility to this disease. Gross and microscopic lesions were consistent
      with experimental MSD in pheasants and domestic turkeys: an enlarged mottled
      spleen, intranuclear inclusion bodies, and absence of pulmonary edema and
      hemorrhage. Detectable levels of viral antigen were not demonstrable in sera of
      turkeys using the agar gell precipitin test.

PMID- 1195490
TI  - Congenital anomalies in a neonatal white-tailed deer in Alberta.
AB  - In September, 1973, a live male 2-3 day old white-tailed deer (Odocoileur
      virginianus) with multiple anomalies of the head and forelimbs was found near
      Lethbridge, Alberta. Notable gross findings inculded brachygnathia inferior,
      atypical incisor tooth alignment, medially folded ears, humero-radial
      arthrogryposis and bowing of the radius and ulna. Hematologic determinations
      indicated increased erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
      Histopathologic examination revealed mineralized spherites in the cerebellum and
      midbrain.

PMID- 1195491
TI  - Public health and the urban gray squirrel: mycology.
AB  - From 180 gray squirrels (Sciurus c. carolinesis), 942 isolates of fungi
      representing 19 genera were recovered upon culture of hair-skin scrapings and
      toenails. Of the isolates, 170 represented known human pathogens and 142,
      squirrel pathogens. A human infection of Trichophyton mentagrophytes was derived
      from handling the squirrels. Skin lesions of seven squirrels were attributable to
      T. mentagrophytes and Mucor sp.

PMID- 1195492
TI  - Whirling disease (Myxosoma cerebralis): control with ultraviolet irradiation and
      effect on fish.
AB  - Water contaminated by Myxosoma cerebralis was disinfected with ultraviolet
      irradiation to control whirling disease. Irradiation at 18,000 microwatt
      seconds/cm2 (MWS/cm2) reduced infectivity of M. cerebralis by 31-86% and 27,650
      MWS/cm2 reduced infectivity by 86-100%, even in the presence of a small amount of
      silt.

PMID- 1195493
TI  - Experimental infection of white-tailed deer with rinderpest virus.
AB  - White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) succumbed to experimental infection
      with virulent rinderpest (RP) virus that was also lethal to cattle and goats. The
      deer developed clinical signs typical of RP and died 5 and 6 days post
      inoculation. Infection was confirmed by recovery of virus from blood before
      death, from lymph node tissue after necropsy, and demonstration of specific
      complement fixing antigen in those tissues. Electron micrographs of infected Vero
      cell cultures revealed extracellular virions and intracytoplasmic and
      intranuclear inclusions made of randomly distributed fibrillar strands.

PMID- 1195494
TI  - Trypanosomes from mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus in Wyoming.
AB  - Examination of mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus, from Wyoming in Spring, 1974 (8)
      and in Winter of 1974-75 (8) revealed trypanosomes in all 16 deer. Spring samples
      showed dividing epimastigotes as well as normal bloodstream forms. Winter samples
      showed only normal blood stream forms. These differences are considered to be
      seasonally related.

PMID- 1195495
TI  - Control of house fly and stable fly breeding in rhinoceros dung with an insect
      growth regulator used as a feed additive.
AB  - An insect grwoth regulator (IGR), Thompson-Hayward TH 6040 (N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'
      (2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea), incorporated in the feed of rhinoceroses at rates of
      1 and 0.1 mg/kg inhibited development of Musca domestica L. and Stomoxys
      calcitrans (L.) in the feces.

PMID- 1195496
TI  - Mycotic granuloma in a tiger salamander.
AB  - An unidentified brown-pigmented fungus was the cause of a granuloma in the left
      lumbar musculature of a captive female tiger salamander. Histologically, the
      fungus appeared in the granulomatous tissue both as round yeastlike budding cells
      and as long septate hyphae.

PMID- 1195497
TI  - Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in free-living African mammals.
AB  - Twelve species of free-living African mammals from Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and
      Zambia were tested for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii using the indirect
      hemagglutination test. Of 157 animals sampled, 20 (13%) were seropositive. T.
      gondii antibodies were detected in Burchell's zebra, (Equus burchelli),
      hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), African elephant (Loxodonta africana),
      defassa waterbuck (Kobus defassa), lion (Panthera leo), and rock hyrax (Procavia
      capensis), The highest titers were found in elephants, two having titers of
      1:4096 and one of 1:8192. These results are discussed in relation to the
      maintenance of T. gondii among African wildlife.

PMID- 1195498
TI  - Fluoroacetamide (1081) oisoning in wild birds.
AB  - An outbreak of poisoning in four greylag geese (Anser anser) and 35-45 teal (Anas
      crecca) is described. Laboratory findings led to the conclusion that a wheat bait
      containing the rodenticide fluoracetamide (1081) caused the poisoning.
      Circumstantial evidence incriminated fluoracetamide as the cause of death in
      white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons), mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), and chukars
      (Alectoris chukar).

PMID- 1195499
TI  - Ectopic fetuses in two cottontail rabbits.
AB  - Mummified fetuses were discovered in the abdominal cavities of two cottontail
      rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) collected during separate years from the same
      geographical location in Virginia. One of these rabbits had a patent opening
      through the vaginal wall to the abdominal cavity. The uterus and vagina of the
      second rabbit appeared normal.

PMID- 1195500
TI  - Toxoplasmosis in dasyurid marsupials.
AB  - During a histopathologic survey of 240 dasyurid marsupials a high prevalence of
      infection of Toxoplasma gondii was found in eight of thenine species examined.
      Amongst the infected species, endemic infection in field animals was proved in
      Dasyuroides byrnei, but there was also good evidence of laboratory infection
      probably derived from raw sheep tissues in their diet. Infection was never
      demonstrated in animals less than six months of age. The 21 Antechinus stuartii
      examined remained free from infection despited a lengthy stay in the laboratory
      and a similar diet. This freedom from infection may indicate a particular
      resistance to Toxoplasma infection by this species.

PMID- 1195501
TI  - Presumptive paratuberculosis in a Virginia white-tailed deer.
AB  - Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) is described in a 5-month-old white-tailed
      deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Diagnosis was based on clinical signs and
      pathology.

PMID- 1195502
TI  - Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) in feral swine from southern Texas.
AB  - Between 1971 and 1975, Fascioloides magna was found in 46 of 67 (69%) feral swine
      (Sus scrofa) in southern Texas. Flukes were recovered from swine in areas where
      F. magna commonly has been recovered from white-tailed deer and cattle. One to 12
      flukes were recovered from each infected animal. Their presence was indicated by
      black hematin pigment on the liver and various other internal organs. Eggs were
      not detected in the gallbladder or feces of infected animals although mature
      flukes and eggs were recovered in the livers suggesting that, like cattle, feral
      swine can be infected but are aberrant hosts for the parasite and do not
      disseminate eggs.

PMID- 1195503
TI  - Tularemia in Florida: Sylvilagus palustris as a source of human infection.
AB  - The marsh rabbit, Sylvilagus palustris, was epidemiologically incriminated as the
      source of two human cases of tularemia. This represents the first published
      report of involvement for this species in the human disease.

PMID- 1195504
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a herpesvirus from wild turkeys (Meleagris
      gallopavo osceola) in Florida.
AB  - Viral agents producing both a syncytial-type cytopathic effect and type A
      intranuclear inclusion bodies in vitro were isolated from the kidneys of five of
      10 wild turkeys. A plaque assay system for viral infectivity was developed and
      used to characterize one of the wild turkey viruses (WTV). WTV replication was
      inhibited by 5-bromodeoxyuridine, indicating the virus contained DNA as its
      genetic material. Virus infectivity could be transferred only as viable whole
      cell preparations; one cycle of rapid freezing and thawing completely inactivated
      the virus. Typical herpes-like virions were found within the nuclei when cells
      infected with WTV were examined by electron microscopy. WTV had characteristics
      typical of the herpes group of viruses.

PMID- 1195505
TI  - Intussusception in a Florida manatee.
AB  - An intussusception resulting from an embedded fishhook and a mass of nylon cord,
      monofilament line, and wire was determined to be the cause of death in a Florida
      manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris). Pathologic findings are given along
      with information on bacteria (Edwardsiella tarda), pesticide residues (DDE, PCB's
      and dieldrin), and parasites (Chiorchis fabaceus).

PMID- 1195506
TI  - Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in essential hypertension and in chronic
      renal failure with hypertension.
AB  - Elevated serum DBH (dopamine-beta-hydroxylase) activity was found in essential
      hypertension. The elevated level was not reduced when blood pressure was brought
      to normotensive level by administration of thiazide or rauwolfia. In contrast,
      serum DBH activity was low in both normotensive and hypertensive patients treated
      on prolonged hemodialysis. However, there was no correlation between serum DBH
      activity and blood pressure level. It was suggested that the pathogenesis of high
      blood pressure might be different between essential hypertension and hypertension
      with chronic renal failure, and that measurement of serum DBH activity might help
      for clinical differentiation of essential hypertension from certain forms of
      secondary hypertension.

PMID- 1195507
TI  - The effects of respiratory acidosis on plasma renin activity in the dog.
AB  - The effects of arterial PCO2 on plasma activity was studied in chloralose
      anesthetized dogs undergoing carefully controlled respiratory acidosis. Plasma
      renin activity, measured by radioimmunoassay, was enhanced (P less than 0.001)
      during inhalation of CO2 despite insignificant changes in renal blood flow and
      arterial pressure. Although underlying mechanism remained to be investigated,
      activation of sympathetic nervous system and intrarenal effects of CO2 seemed to
      be involved in this enchancement.

PMID- 1195508
TI  - Ultrastructure of the cardiac muscle of early human embryo.
AB  - In order to compare the ultrastructural difference between cardiac myocytes of
      the 54 day gestational age and that of the 114 day gestational age, the human
      fetal hearts were studied by means of electron microscopy. In the 54 day heart,
      although the nexus was developed already, contractile elements were immature and
      there was no close association between myofibril and mitochondria, and also
      sarcoplasmic reticulum was not accomplished. On the contrary, in the 114 day
      heart, the contractile elements, mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum were
      partially developed fairly well in myocytes.

PMID- 1195509
TI  - Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis resulting from overuse of magnesium oxide.
AB  - A 23 year old woman had taken large doses of magnesium oxide (up to 20 to 30g per
      day) initially for habitual constipation and later for idiopathic edema instead
      of diuretics, until the concealed abuse was discovered. During the abuse she
      showed hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. When the ingestion was stopped, the
      electrolyte imbalance recovered within two weeks.

PMID- 1195510
TI  - Annular subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm -an autopsy case-.
AB  - An case of annular submitral left ventricular aneurysm in a 67-year-old woman was
      presented. Complication of the severe tuberculosis might have played a part in
      the pathogenesis of the annular subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm.

PMID- 1195511
TI  - [Effect of anoxia on the excitability of the canine ventricular muscle (author's
      transl)].
AB  - It has been believed that completion of refractory period does coincide with full
      repolarization in cardiac muscle. So, the duration of action potensial (APD) has
      not infrequently been derived from refractory period. But recently some authors
      pointed out that duration of total refractory period (TRP) was not identical with
      APD in anoxic state and prolonged severe anoxia might occasionally increase
      effective refractory period (ERP). Nevertheless, marked reduction has been
      consistently noted in APD by many workers during severe anoxic period. Then, it
      seems to deserve more detailed investigation whether the refractory period may
      represent APD under any condition. The purpose of this paper is to present the
      results of studies on the effects of anoxia on the relationship between
      refractoriness and transmembrane action potential.

PMID- 1195512
TI  - [Laboratory studies on doxycycline intravenous (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of laboratory studies on doxycycline intravenous are summarized as
      follows: 1. The standard curves of doxycycline in five dilution systems were
      compared. Zones of growth inhibition were largest in the phosphate buffer
      solution at pH 7.2 and smallest in human serum. Lung system was close to the
      buffer system, liver system close to the serum system, and kidney system
      intermediate. 2. The doxycycline concentrations in blood of healthy male adults
      were compared by cross-over method. The concentration following intravenous
      injection of 200 mg, dissolved in 40 ml of 20% glucose and injected in 5 minutes,
      was high than that after oral administration of 200 mg immediately after the
      injection, but was same after 3 hours and thenafter. 3. No tendency of
      accumulation was observed in six volunteers injected intravenously with 100
      approximately to 200 mg of doxycycline daily for three days. 4. In a patient with
      chronic broncho-bronchitis injected intravenously with 200 mg, the blood level
      reached a peak of 4.8 mcg/ml after 30 minutes, while the sputum level reached a
      peak of 1.8mcg/ml after 90 minutes. The sputum level was 30 to approximately 40%
      that of serum. 5. The urinary excretion of doxycycline was 94 mg/day (47.0%)
      after a single intravenous injection of 200 mg. and 53 mg/day (26.5%) after a
      single oral administration of 200 mg.

PMID- 1195513
TI  - [Clinical studies on OE-7 chiefly in the treatment of acute respiratory
      infections (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of clinical studies on OE-7 (erythromycin stearate, enteric coated
      granule) were as follows. (1) Thirty-two cases with respiratory infections were
      treated OE-7 by the oral route of 300 mg every 6 hours in 5 cases and 400 mg
      every 8 hours in 27 cases. In 28 of 32 cases (87.5%) OE-7 was effective. Gram
      positive cocci, namely pneumococcus, alpha- and beta-streptococcus,
      staphylococcus etc. are the most important pathogens in acute respiratory
      infections statistically and the most of them are susceptible to many
      chemotherapeutic agents, especially to erythromycin and penicillin. This is the
      case also with our studies. Acute exacerbation of asthmatic patients are
      frequently complicated with secondary respiratory infections caused by those
      pathogens and sometimes this condition in turn exacerbate asthmatic states. In
      our studies OE-7 displayed a good effect to such cases. (2) As the side effect
      gastrointestinal disturbances were slightly observed in 8 of 32 cases and
      allergic reactions in none. Hepatic and renal function test examined in 17 cases
      revealed no change after treatment. (3) The mean serum concentration of OE-7 by
      the oral route of 300 mg every 6 hours revealed about two times higher levels
      than by the same route of 400 mg every 8 hours, the peak was both reached after 3
      hours after ingestion 1.96 mcg/ml and 0.97 mcg/ml respectively. This experiment
      was done for 5 healthy persons in the condition of free food ingestion and cross
      over in one week interval.

PMID- 1195514
TI  - [Studies on no effect dose of tobramycin and its recovery test in rats (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1195515
TI  - [Doxycyline concentrations in certain tissues of man following intravenous
      administration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1195516
TI  - [Therapeutic effect of sulfobenzyl-penicillin (SB-PC) on the concentration of SB
      PC in human bile (author's transl)].
AB  - Sulfobenzyl-penicillin (SB-PC) is currently being investigated for use in man.
      The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of SB-PC on Salmonella typhosa
      and biliary excretion of SB-PC in disease of the biliary tract. 1) Clinically,
      typhoid carriers without cholelithiasis were initiated with 4.0 g/day of SB-PC.
      Stool and bile became negative for Salmonella typhosa 14 days after initial
      treatment. 2) In typhoid carriers with cholelithiasis, Salmonella typhosa were
      not isolated from bile, wall of the gallbladder and surface of gallstone, but
      were isolated from nuclei of gallstones. The treatment of typhoid carriers with
      cholelithiasis may belong to a most difficult problem. 3) Biliary excretion of SB
      PC in the patient given a single dose of 2.0 g/day im. was markedly dependent on
      characteristics of the patient, situation of external drainage and volume of bile
      excretion. High concentration in bile in some patient was 298 mug/ml at 3 hours
      after administration. 4) In intravenous administration of single dose of 6.0 g.
      maximum concentration in bile was about 2,000 mug/ml at 2 hours after
      administration and bactericidal concentration was obtained for resistant bacteria
      (Pseudomonas, Proteus, etc.) in biliary infection. 5) As side effects, pain and
      redness were infrequent after im. administration. Toxicity was not experienced in
      the patients injected intravenously.

PMID- 1195517
TI  - Virologic and serologic studies on an outbreak of echovirus type 11 infection in
      a hospital maternity unit.
AB  - An outbreak of echovirus type 11 (E-11) infection occurred among newborn babies
      in a hospital maternity unit in the summer of 1971. The results of studies are as
      follows: 1) Forty-one of 188 infants developed febrile illness with stomatitis
      during one and a half months from July to September. E-11 was isolated from stool
      specimens of 14 infants and two throat swabs. Antibody response to the virus was
      shown in all the 19 cases examined. Some of their mothers were suffering from
      subclinical infection. 2) The isolates were identified as a variant of E-11 which
      is not neutralized with antiserum against prototype E-11. Antiserum against the
      current virus neutralized both current and prototype viruses. 3) Sucrose gradient
      centrifugation of sera from infants revealed that the neutralizing antibody
      activity resided more predominantly in 19S than in 7S fractions. These antibodies
      reacted more specifically with the current strain than with the prototype Gregory
      strain.

PMID- 1195518
TI  - Incidence of helminth parasites in shrew moles.

PMID- 1195519
TI  - Studies on the relationship between hemolytic icterus of newborn foals and blood
      groups, and the serological diagnosis.

PMID- 1195520
TI  - The effect of ionizing radiation on calf thymus deoxyribonucleoprotein as a
      template for RNA synthesis.

PMID- 1195521
TI  - The inhibitory effect of manganese ion on the pancreozymin-induced amylase
      release in the perfused rat pancreas.

PMID- 1195523
TI  - Studies on helminth parasites of rats in Hokkaido.

PMID- 1195522
TI  - Studies on helminth parasites of salmonoid fishes in Hokkaido.

PMID- 1195524
TI  - Experimental studies on intestinal obstruction in dogs. Clinical and
      hematological findings on ileum obstruction and after its relief.

PMID- 1195525
TI  - On microscopical changes in the nervous system of apparently healthy cows during
      early days of post-parturition--for morphological studies on post-parturition
      lying of cows.

PMID- 1195526
TI  - Identification of immunoglobulins in chicken eggs and their antibody activity.

PMID- 1195527
TI  - Studies on effects of drugs upon protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus in
      vitro. I. Scolicidal effect of salicylanilide and bisphenol derivatives against
      Echinococcus granulosus in vitro.

PMID- 1195528
TI  - [Studies on lipid composition of experimentally produced tuberculous lesions. I.
      Observations in granulomatous mouse lungs and alveolar macrophage separated
      therefrom (author's transl)].

PMID- 1195529
TI  - [The effects of tuberactinomycin-N (TUM-N) for severe pulmonary tuberculosis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1195530
TI  - [Nitrite-reduction test of mycobacteria by means of test paper (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1195531
TI  - [Epidemiologic study on pulmonary tuberculosis among the examined members of the
      ABCC-JNIH adult health study population (author's transl)].

PMID- 1195532
TI  - [Editorial: Myocardial infarct and thyroid hormones].

PMID- 1195533
TI  - [Causes of failures in the surgical treatment of mitral valve insufficiency. 1.
      Analysis of the principal and concomitant causes of early death].

PMID- 1195534
TI  - [Causes of failure in the surgical treatment of mitral valve insufficiency. 2.
      Analysis of early deaths according to selected parameters].

PMID- 1195535
TI  - [Effect of sinus rhythm reversal on subperiods of left ventricular contraction].

PMID- 1195536
TI  - [Arrhythmia and changes in ST-T complex following cardioversion].

PMID- 1195537
TI  - [Implantation of artificial mitral valve. Analysis of failures. Polycardiographic
      and direct studies].

PMID- 1195538
TI  - [Functional state of the cardiovascular system in experimental acute occlusion of
      the terminal segment of the aorta].
AB  - In 30 experiments on dogs a study was conducted of the pathophysiological
      mechanisms of the disorders in central haemodynamics and myocardial contractility
      during an acute occlusion of the terminal aorta and after reestablishment of the
      circulation in the diseases extremities. In response to the occlusion an
      elevation was noted in the total peripheral resistance, in the force and rate of
      the cardiac contractions, and a compensatory hyperfunction of the heart
      developed. By 6 hours of the occlusion the total peripheral resistance increased,
      the force and rate of the cardiac contractions decreased, the myocardial tension
      increased, the external work of the heart decreased, and myocardial hypodynamy
      developed. In 45 min following the restoration of the circulation a reduction of
      the total peripheral resistance was observed, the myocardial contractility was
      inhibited, the phase structure of the cardiac cycle was disturbed. A further
      observation for 45 min failed to reveal any changes in the indices of cardio- and
      haemodynamics, the phase structure of the cardiac contractions and myocardial
      contractility, as compared to the data obtained in the preceeding study.

PMID- 1195539
TI  - [State of hemodynamics, according to radiocardiographic data, in persons working
      in contact with ionizing radiation sources].
AB  - The presented results illustrate the study of the cardiovascular system by means
      of radiocardiography conducted in normal individuals working in contact with
      sources of ionizing radiation. The study includes 51 persons in the test group
      and 42 in the control group that was similar to the test one in terms of age, sex
      and type of work performed, with the only exception that these in the control
      group had no contact with ionizing radiation. Persons working under the effect of
      ionizing radiation displayed a moderate increase in the stroke and minute index
      and the circulating blood volume, with the blood flow rate somewhat decelerated.
      The changes were deeper in those with over 5 years of service, and in those with
      functional changes in the nervous system, like neurocirculatory dystonia. The
      moderate level of these reactions and their reversibility permit to interpret
      them as an adaptative reaction to the effect of low doses of ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1195540
TI  - [Complex study of hypotensive agents -- a basis for rational pathogenatic
      treatment of hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1195541
TI  - [Effect of prostanglandin F2 alpha on the pressor effect of angiotensin II and
      adrenaline].

PMID- 1195542
TI  - [Bioelectrical activity of the heart in hypertension].

PMID- 1195543
TI  - [Role of the receptors of parietal peritoneum and heart in the reflex changes of
      blood pressure during the increase of intraperitoneal pressure].

PMID- 1195544
TI  - [Coronarography in acute coronary circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 1195545
TI  - [Role of propranolol in the treatment of hypertension].

PMID- 1195546
TI  - [Functional state of baroreceptors of the aortic arch in experimental
      hypertension].
AB  - The bioelectrical activity of the aortic nerve was studied in normal rabbits and
      in those with experimentally induced hypertension. Electroneurograms of the
      aortic nerve of rabbits with renal and coarctational (stenosis of the abdominal
      aorta) hypertension demonstrated the same burst-like activity synchronous with
      the systolic contractions of the heart that was noted in normotensive animals.
      The threshold of the transit of the burst-like activity of the aortic nerve into
      the uniform one in cases of acutely elevated arterial pressure (induced by
      injections of noradrenalin and angiotensin) and the threshold of the
      disappearance of the mentioned activity after an acute reduction of the arterial
      pressure (induced by injections of acetylcholine, tetra-ethylammonium or by acute
      bleeding) in rabbits with renal and coarctational hypertension are shifted
      upwards, as compared to those in normotensive rabbits. It is the more true of the
      former threshold. The depressor reaction to the administration of the ganglionic
      blocker -- tetra-ethyl-ammonium -- in renal hypertension during the initial 2
      months of the disease remains unchanged, with the exception of the 4th and 8th
      weeks, when it is elevated. It is concluded that the baroreceptors of the aortic
      arch percept the chronically elevated arterial pressure as a normal one reacting
      adequately to its acute changes in either direction. Thanks to this the
      barorecptors of the aortic arch strive to maintain a high level of the arterial
      pressure and provide for a stabilization of hypertension.

PMID- 1195547
TI  - [Distribution of sodium in the tissues in experimental salt hypertension].
AB  - The distribution of sodium in the aortal wall, myocardium and skin of rats was
      studied by a tracer technique. An increase of the bound fraction of extracellular
      sodium was found in the aortal wall and skin of rats with hypertension produced
      by a 90-day salt load. A positive correlation was found between the content of
      bound sodium in the aorta and the arterial pressure level.

PMID- 1195548
TI  - [Relationship between corticosteroids, catecholamines and electrolytes in rats
      kept on sodium-rich diet].
AB  - The changes in the content of catecholamines, electrolytes and corticosteroids
      were studied dynamically and simultaneously in rats under salt stimulation. Long
      term maintenance of the animals on sodium-rich diets results in its accumulation
      in blood plasma and heart muscle, the tissue depot of catecholamines diminishing
      at the same time. The changes in the functional state of the adrenal glands and
      of the catecholamines content in the myocardium are of a phased nature. The
      activation of the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal glands on the 18th day
      of the experiment is substituted by its reduction on the 56th day. The presence
      of a distinct relationship between the functional state of the adrenal glands and
      the level af adrenalin in the heart indicates the regulatory role of
      glucocorticoids in this experimental situation.

PMID- 1195549
TI  - [Peculiarities of cardiac activity in renal form of experimental hypertension
      with different hemodynamic characteristics].
AB  - The main haemodynamic indices were studied in rabbits of two age groups (young --
      10--12 month, and old -- 3--4 years) under normal conditions and those with
      experimentally induced renal hypertension. Significant changes were observed in
      the proportion of the main parameters of haemodynamics -- cardiac output per 1
      min and total peripheral resistance -- in the presence of persistent arterial
      hypertension, which permitted to single out three haemodynamic forms of
      experimentally induced renal hypertension. The first and second haemodynamic
      forms are characterized by a sharp enhancement of the total peripheral resistance
      and diverse changes in the values of cardiac output per 1 min.: the third
      haemodynamic form is predmoninatly characterized by an elevation of the cardiac
      output. The compensatory hyper-function of the myocardium in the first and second
      forms of renal hypertension develops usually isometrically, in the third form --
      according to the mixed variant.

PMID- 1195550
TI  - [Surgical treatment of patients with symptomatic hypertension].
AB  - Symptomatic hypertension is observed in numerous patients with elevated blood
      pressure. Special attention is paid in the paper to the diagnosis of coarctation
      of the aorta, nonspecific aortitis and renovascular hypertension. The possibility
      of diagnosing these lesions by means of the routine diagnostic techniques is
      indicated. The experimence of surgical treatment of 476 patients with coarctation
      of the aorta demonstrates the efficiency of the surgical procedures. No
      postoperative mortality cases have been observed in the recent 5 years. Non
      specific aortitis that is the second-frequent process diseasing the aorta has a
      polymorphous clinical pattern. Hypertension is the leading symptom of aortitis.
      The results of various reconstructive procedures prove their high efficacy in
      decreasing the hypertension in patients with aortitis. According to the author's
      data, renovascular hypertension is found in 54% of the patients examined only on
      an out-patient basis. Among 354 operations, 204 included a reconstructive
      procedure on the renal artery. The importance of proper rehabilitation of the
      postoperative patients is emphasized.

PMID- 1195551
TI  - [Psychovegetative interrelations in hypertensive disease and arterial
      hypotension].
AB  - Proceeding from an analysis of haemodynamic shifts in patients with hypertension
      and primary arterial hypotension, the paper demonstrates their specificity
      depending on the severity of the vascular syndrome, the form of functional
      exercise (physical, intellectual, emotional), and the nature of psychological
      conditioning (psychogeny, personality peculiarities). The obtained data are
      discussed with regard of the concepts of functional neurology.

PMID- 1195552
TI  - [Sympathico-adrenal system in elderly patients with systolic hypertension].
AB  - A study of the catecholamines passage with urine in patients of advanced age with
      systolic hypertension has revealed features specific for the activity of their
      sympathico-adrenal-system by comparison with that in patients with hypertensive
      disease (with systolic-diastolic pressure rise) and in persons of the same age
      with normal pressure. In systolic hypertension an inhibition of the mediatory
      link finding its expression in a decreased noradrenaline excretion, was noted,
      while that of adrenalin remained normal which led to a fall in the ration
      noradrenaline/adrenalin. Inasmuch as adrenalin causes chiefly the rise of
      systolic pressure and noradrenaline -- that of diastolic it may be presumed that
      the established features of the sympathico-adrenalin activity appear to be a
      factor contributing to the systolic nature of the hypertension under review,
      which stems primarily from other major pathogenetic factors. At the same time in
      subjects of advanced age the reactivity of the mediatory link in systolic
      hypertension remains intact, this manifesting itself in a significantly increased
      noradrenaline passage, as compared to a low initial level following
      administration of insulin.

PMID- 1195553
TI  - [Isolated and combined lesions of renal arteries in patients with vaso-renal
      hypertension].
AB  - In the course of a 10-year study of the problem of renovascular hypertension in
      the A.N. Bakuley Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, concomitant pathology of
      other arterial systems was found in 144 patients among 218 cases of acquired
      lesions of the renal arteries. The combination of the lesions of the renal
      arteries with those of other arteries (branches of the aortic arch, descending
      thoracic and abdominal aorta, its visceral branches and the arteries of the lower
      extremities) is, according to the author, one of the main peculiarities of
      renovascular hypertension that predetermines its malignant course. A purposeful
      study of the state of the major vessels in a patient with arterial hypertension
      permits to reveal their lesion or intactness, and to conduct a detailed clinical
      investigation accordingly, as well as to choose the proper method of angiography
      and surgery.

PMID- 1195554
TI  - [Primary aldosteronism and arterial hypertension].
AB  - The experience of surgical management of 16 patients with primary aldosteronism
      is summarized. The aspects of its diagnosis are analysed, and its possible
      atypical course indicated. The authors used pneumoretroperitoneography for
      determining the localization of the aldosteromas. The localization of an
      aldosteroma having been established, the best approach is the modified
      Smithweak's one, for the revision of both adrenal glands a median or transversal
      laparotomy is employed. All the 16 patients survived the operations favourably.

PMID- 1195555
TI  - [Unusual localization of the excitation impulse block in acute myocardial
      infarct].
AB  - A case of an unusual localization of the conductivity block is described in a
      female patient with acute myocardial infarction, that was demonstrated by way of
      recording the electrical activity of the cardiac conductive pathways. The
      peculiarity of the case was also demonstrated to consist in the multiplicity of
      the levels of conductivity disorders. For the first time in the literature, the
      development of a block in the main stem of the bundle of his was traced in
      detail.

PMID- 1195556
TI  - [Changes in the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in patients with
      myocardial infarct treated with trioxazine and aminazine].
AB  - A protracted observation over the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal gland in
      patients with myocardial infarction educed a biphasic nature of changes in the
      concentration of the plasma and urine corticosteroids in this affection. Most
      informative are shown to be the evidences of activation of the hypothalamo
      hypophysial-adrenal system furnished by the biologically active 11
      oxycorticosteroids in the peripheral blood plasma. Psychopharmacological drugs
      produced a less intensive activation of the glucocorticoid function of the
      adrenal cortex in the acute period of myocardial infarction and they smooth down
      a renewed rise in the level of steroid during the subacute period of the disease.
      Chlorpromazine displays a stronger antistress action than does trioxazine, but
      the available data justify recommending both these drugs for the treatment of
      patients with myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1195557
TI  - [Effect of polarizing mixture on the toxicity and cardiotonic effect of
      strophanthin].
AB  - Experiments on doves and frogs with a biological valorization of Strophantin
      reveale a decreasing biological activity of the glycoside under the effect of a
      polarizing mixture by 54.2% and 28.5%, respectively. The LD50 test in mice also
      demonstrated a 50% decrease of Strophantin toxicity. Electrocardiographic studies
      conducted in mice and rats (with a fractionated administration of the glycoside)
      showed that the polarizing mixture decelerates the development of a negative
      chronotropic action of Strophantin, and in the presence of toxic doses of the
      glycoside it weakens its effect upon the excitability and conductivity of the
      myocardium. In experiments with rabbits and recording of their left ventricular
      pressure a decreasing cardiotonic effect of Strophantin under the effect of the
      polarizing mixture was also established, both in the intact animals, and in those
      with an experimentally induced myocardial infarction. The weakening of the
      cardiotonic effect and of the toxicity of Strophantin is interpreted in terms of
      the anatagonistic effects of the glycoside and insulin on the system
      "catecholamines -- cyclic 3,5 -- AMP", as well as in terms of their effect on the
      bioenergetics of the myocardium and the dynamics of the content of intracellular
      potassium.

PMID- 1195558
TI  - [Use of inderal for the treatment of different forms of arterial hypertension].
AB  - Results are presented on the treatment with Inderal of 57 patients with essential
      hypertension and symptomatic renal hypertension in whom the changes in central
      and renal haemodynamics were carefully traced. In all the patients with renal
      hypertension (chronic pyelonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis) the function of
      the kidneys was adequate. Inderal when used in a daily dose of 120--160 mg
      produces a hypotensive effect in patients with stage IB and IIA essential
      hypertension with unstable symptomatic renal hypertension who have a
      predominantly hyperkinetic type of the circulation. In such cases the
      haemodynamic changes manifest themselves in a considerable reduction of the
      cardiac output at the expense of a slower pulse rate and decreased stroke volume;
      the total peripheral resistance was moderately elevated. In patients with stage
      IIB of essential hypertension and in those with persistent and severe symptomatic
      renal hypertension the hypotensive effect of Inderal given in a daily dose of 480
      mg and sometimes even higher was accompanied by a statistically significant
      decrease in the total peripheral resistance and a moderate reduction of the
      cardiac output and cardiac index at the expense of a slower pulse rate.

PMID- 1195559
TI  - [Evaluation of physical adaptation of patients after surgical correction of
      congenital non-cyanotic heart defects].
AB  - A successful surgical correction of congenital non-cyanotic heart diseases
      (patent arterial duct, ventricular and atrial septal defects, isolated pulmonary
      stenosis) results in full normalization of the haemodynamics. But the long
      lasting existance of the pathology, the limited phsical activity of the patient
      result in the development of a state of lack of training. In such cases the
      degree of the physical adaptation of the patient after surgery had to be assessed
      which will permit to determine the program of his physical rehabilitation. The
      studies conducted by means of bicycle tests and running on the spot with
      recording the pulse rate, respiration rate, arterial pressure and ECG have
      demonstrated that the degree of the physical adaptation of the patients varies,
      although the general results of surgery are qualified as good. No correlation of
      this adaptation with the clinical factors could be revealed in this study.
      Further investigations are necessary in order to take into account the effect of
      the training regimens on the degree of physical rehabilitation.

PMID- 1195560
TI  - [Functional state of the apparatus of external respiration in patients with
      hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1195561
TI  - Role of the disulfide bridge and the C-terminal tripeptide in the antidiuretic
      action of vasopressin in man and the rat.
AB  - The antidiuretic action of a number of vasopressin analogues has been measured in
      the rat and man in water diuresis. These analogues had the following categories
      of structural alteration: a) substitution of -CH2CH2-(dicarba) and -SCH2-(6
      monocarba) for the natural -SS- bridge between residues 1 and 6, b) changes in
      the nature of the C-terminal tripeptide produced by substitution of D-arginine
      and L-Nalpha-methylarginine for L-arginine in sequence position 8 and L-leucine
      for proline in position 7, and c) combinations of a and b. In addition, a highly
      active analogue which results when valine is substituted for glutamine in
      position 4 was tested. Trained, unanesthetized rats and normal human volunteers
      were complemented by a volunteer patient with posttraumatic diabetes insipidus
      (DI) in the total group of experimental subjects. The only change in the C
      terminal tripeptide which was associated with a high antidiuretic action was D
      Arg substitution. The meArg and Leu analogues showed low to very little activity
      and no signs of antidiuretic antagonist action. All of the carba analogues showed
      both high potency and prolongation of antidiuretic action in the following order
      (for both potency and duration): monocarba + 8-D-Arg greater than 4-Val + 8-D-Arg
      greater than 8-D-Arg alone, all in deamino form. None of the 8-D-Arg analogues
      had any side effects on the cardiovascular system, gut, uterus, bladder, etc. The
      prolongation was such that even with a DI patient refractory to the action of
      lysine-vasopressin and relatively resistant to deamino-[8-D-Arg]-vasopressin,
      water turnover could be reduced from untreated levels of 20 to 30 liters/day to
      less than 2 liters/day with only a single administration of deamino-6-carba-[8-D
      Arg]-vasopressin as nose drops. The significance of these structural alterations
      in the vasopressin molecule for interaction with both antidiuretic and smooth
      muscle receptors was discussed.

PMID- 1195562
TI  - Effects of dietary protein restriction and glucocorticoid administration on urea
      excretion in rats.
AB  - Rats were sampled for clearance studies under anesthesia after 0, 2, 4, 7 and 14
      days of dietary protein restriction. Mean fractional urea excretion decreased
      between day 2 and day 7 of protein restriction after a two-day lag in response.
      Seven-day administration of dexamethasone in protein-restricted rats caused a
      significant increase in mean fractional urea excretion. Adrenalectomized rats fed
      a normal diet had fractional urea excretion values resembling those in protein
      restricted rats. Chronic administration of dexamethasone in adrenalectomized rats
      caused a consistent increase in fractional urea excretion. Fractional urea
      excretion values were no lower in protein-restricted adrenalectomized rats fed a
      normal diet. The mean plasma corticosterone concentration (measured 6 to 8 PM)
      was decreased in rats fed a low protein diet relative to rats fed a high protein
      diet. The results suggest that glucocorticoids may play a role in the tubular
      regulation of urea excretion either by a direct effect on the renal tubule or
      through some intermediate factor. A mediating role of glomerular filtration rate
      in glucocorticoid-induced changes of fractional urea excretion could not be ruled
      out, however.

PMID- 1195563
TI  - Effect of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on calcium absorption in chronic renal
      disease.
AB  - Calcium absorption was measured in eight uremic patients before and after eight
      days of treatment with 100 or 500 mug of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) per
      day. Fractional calcium absorption was estimated by administering 47Ca i.v. and
      orally on separate days and counting forearm radioactivity four hours later.
      Calcium absorption in four patients with residual renal function rose from 16.3
      +/- 2.5 to 40.8 +/- 5.5% after treatment. In order to determine if the increased
      calcium absorption was mediated by an increase in the production of 1,25
      dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) by virtue of increased substrate delivery
      to the 25-hydroxycholecalciferol-1-hydroxylase system present in the residual
      renal tissue, identical studies were performed in four anephric patients. Calcium
      absorption in these patients averaged 15.7 +/- 2.2% during the control period and
      rose to 46.0 +/- 11.1% after treatment. Increments in serum calcium after
      treatment were similar in both groups of patients; the mean concentration rose
      from 9.6 +/- 0.3 to 11.0 +/- 0.6 mg/100 ml. The results indicate that 25(OH)D3
      can improve calcium absorption in the absence of renal tissue suggesting that its
      conversion to 1,25(OH)2D3 may not be necessary for its effect on the
      gastrointestinal tract in the uremic patient.

PMID- 1195564
TI  - A modification of the fluorescence method for micro-inulin determinations.

PMID- 1195565
TI  - [Stimulation of growth hormone incretion by insulin caused hypoglycemia in
      children with delayed growth].

PMID- 1195566
TI  - [Metabolic management and therapeutic results in patients with phenylketonuria].

PMID- 1195567
TI  - [Nephrolithiasis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1195568
TI  - [Manifestation of diabetes after smallpox vaccination].

PMID- 1195569
TI  - [Liquor-cytological findings in children with congenital toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 1195570
TI  - [Use of absolute fasting in the treatment of childhood obesity].

PMID- 1195571
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of heart defects with cyanosis in the newborn infant].

PMID- 1195572
TI  - [Heart therapy in infancy].

PMID- 1195573
TI  - [Practice of kidney function diagnosis in childhood].

PMID- 1195574
TI  - [Respiration-phase coordinated thoracic radiographic pictures in infancy. Results
      and significance].

PMID- 1195575
TI  - Antiviral compounds. V. Synthesis and anti-influenza virus activity of
      amidinohydrazones of aliphatic monocarbonyl compounds.

PMID- 1195576
TI  - Antiviral compounds. VI. Synthesis and anti-influenza virus activity of
      alkoxybenzalacetone amidinohydrazones.

PMID- 1195577
TI  - Studies on the 1973 type B influenza epidemic in Kawasaki city.

PMID- 1195578
TI  - Mouse embryonic cells persistently infected with Japanese encephalitis virus.

PMID- 1195579
TI  - Altered transfer RNA methylase in BHK cells after vaccinia virus infection.

PMID- 1195580
TI  - [Amino acid composition of the blood serum in patients with complicated gastric
      and duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1195581
TI  - [Angiographic manifestations of malignant paragangliomas of the neck].

PMID- 1195582
TI  - [Experimental-clinical study of fine dispersed colloid gold (Au 198)].

PMID- 1195583
TI  - [Results of the treatment of gunshot wounds in peacetime].

PMID- 1195584
TI  - [Treatment of diffuse purulent peritonitis in a resuscitation and intensive care
      department].

PMID- 1195585
TI  - [Treatment of perforated gastroduodenal and gastric ulcers in young persons].

PMID- 1195586
TI  - [Results of treatment of peptic ulcer by selective vagotomy and resection of the
      antrum].

PMID- 1195587
TI  - [Prolonged continuous intra-arterial infusion associated with simultaneous lumbar
      sympathectomy in occlusive vascular diseases of the lower extremities].

PMID- 1195588
TI  - [Barotherapy in the complex treatment of obliterating diseases of the arteries of
      the lower extremities].

PMID- 1195589
TI  - [Posttraumatic venous thromboses of the lower extremities].

PMID- 1195590
TI  - [Possibilities of autovenoplasty in occlusions of the major veins].

PMID- 1195591
TI  - [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of ectopic ureterocele in children].

PMID- 1195592
TI  - [Chronic tendovaginitis and contractures after paronychia].

PMID- 1195593
TI  - [Enzyme activity in acute experimental pancreatitis].

PMID- 1195594
TI  - [Free amino acids in the blood serum of patients with peptic ulcer complicated by
      stenosis].

PMID- 1195595
TI  - [Functional state of the sympathetic-adrenal system in patients with complicated
      peptic ulcer].

PMID- 1195596
TI  - [Surgical tactics in retroperitoneal ruptures of the duodenum].

PMID- 1195597
TI  - [Perforating gastroduodenal ulcers in full-term pregnancy].

PMID- 1195598
TI  - [Diagnosis and surgical tactics in injuries of the duodenum].

PMID- 1195599
TI  - [Acute abdominal syndrome in children with diseases of the urinary tract].

PMID- 1195600
TI  - [Autologous blood transfusion in the preparation of patients for operations on
      the abdominal organs].

PMID- 1195601
TI  - [Development of venous insufficiency in the post-thrombophlebitis syndrome].

PMID- 1195602
TI  - [Acetylcholine and cholinesterase levels in the blood during surgical stress
      (resection of the stomach)].

PMID- 1195603
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of an anomalous kidney].

PMID- 1195604
TI  - [Paget-Schroetter syndrome caused by compression of the major brachial veins by a
      hematoma].

PMID- 1195605
TI  - [Air embolism as a complication of catheterization of the subclavian vein].

PMID- 1195606
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of small stomach polyps with the aid of gastrofibroscope
      biopsy].

PMID- 1195607
TI  - [Study of the motor function of the stomach in ulcer disease in the pre- and
      postoperative period by the method of electrogastrography].

PMID- 1195608
TI  - [Surgical treatment of pancreatic cysts].

PMID- 1195609
TI  - [State of water metabolism in tetanus].

PMID- 1195610
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of the sympathetic nerve blocks in bronchial
      asthma].

PMID- 1195611
TI  - [Certain characteristics of clinical course of prolonged crush syndrome].

PMID- 1195612
TI  - [Postresection gastritis].

PMID- 1195613
TI  - [Prevention of surgical wound dehiscence of duodenal stump after stomach
      resection].

PMID- 1195614
TI  - [Mesenchymomas of the mesentery of the small intestine].

PMID- 1195615
TI  - [Sensitivity of breast cancer to chemotherapeutic agents].

PMID- 1195616
TI  - [Use of biactive bipolar electric scissors in surgical treatment of hydrocele].

PMID- 1195617
TI  - [Early postoperative intestinal obstruction].

PMID- 1195618
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of congenital microspherocytic hemolytic anemia
      (Minkowski-Chauffard syndrome)].

PMID- 1195619
TI  - [Use of a closed method of surgical treatment of paronychia].

PMID- 1195620
TI  - [Method of surgical treatment of dumping syndrome].

PMID- 1195621
TI  - [False "acute abdomen" in myocardial infarct in young persons].

PMID- 1195622
TI  - [Case of toxemic compression-position syndrome].

PMID- 1195623
TI  - [Difficulties of diagnosis of crush syndrome].

PMID- 1195624
TI  - [Late subcutaneous injuries of the tendons of extensor digitorum muscles as a
      complication of intraosseous osteosynthesis of the radius].

PMID- 1195625
TI  - [External duodenal fistula as a complication of kidney operation].

PMID- 1195626
TI  - [Primary amyloidosis of the stomach].

PMID- 1195627
TI  - [Experimental retrograde drainage of the pancreas].

PMID- 1195628
TI  - [Rupture of the pancreas in blunt abdominal injuries].

PMID- 1195629
TI  - [Haptoglobin in diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 1195630
TI  - [Paronychia in veterinary workers].

PMID- 1195631
TI  - [Experiences with the treatment of amblyopia with excentric fixation by means of
      changes of the innervation stimulus of the external eye muscles by means of
      prismes and operative methods according to Cuppers' principles (author's
      transl)].
AB  - An analysis of 59 cases with excentric fixation shows the special efficacy of
      treatment methods, which are related to variations of the innervation stimulus
      with prisme, operative methods and especially with the "Fadenoperation" developed
      by Cuppers.

PMID- 1195632
TI  - [The paralytic dyssynergies--the squint dyssynergies, and Cuppers' syndrome
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of kinetic pattern is essential for all oculo-motor disorders. The
      authors have settled on an original electro-oculographic device for potential
      recordings, and a new apparatus allowing various types of ocular movements,
      mathematically specified (Ocular-kinetic explorer). With this method they have
      been able to discover important and various kinetic troubles. The present work is
      devoted only to the kinetic dyssynergies. Firstly the authors state the very
      particular features of dyssynergies with opticokinetic nystagmus, the pursuit and
      saccardic movements in ocular palsies. Then the kinetic dyssynergies registered
      in squints are enumerated; the recordings prove they are mostly dissociated, and
      therefore entirely different from paralytic anomalies. The oculographic facts in
      the blocking nystagmus syndrome firmly prove the conception of Cuppers' about the
      blocking of convergence. The dissociated dyssynergies are the exact expression of
      this motor phenomenon.

PMID- 1195633
TI  - [A method of feating intermittent divergence strabismus (author's transl)].
AB  - Patching appears to have sensory and motor effects on intermittent exotropia. The
      sensory effects we have observed are reduction in the size of the scotoma as
      measured on haploscopic devices and improvement in fusional amplitudes. The motor
      effects has been increased control of the deviation. A series of patients was
      studied to document these effects, and their significance in management was
      discussed.

PMID- 1195634
TI  - [Suprachoroidal (subscleral) fillings of human fat for the operation of retinal
      ablations (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given of experimental and clinical experiences on application of
      suprachoroidal (subscleral) fillings of human fat (0,5-0,8 cm3) for the operation
      for retinal detachment. The subcutaneous homoioplastic fat is homogenized and
      injected under the sclera close behind ligamentum pectinatum. After injection
      there is a hump similar to choroidal amotio. The filling is tolerated well. It
      serves to reduce the space of vitreous in relation with Custodis operation and
      cerclage of the bulbus. It is resorbed slowly and incompletely, or organised.
      Complications are to be feared if the ciliary body is perforated by injection and
      fat comes into the vitreous.

PMID- 1195635
TI  - [Atypical oculoplastic surgery in children (author's transl)].
AB  - The problems of restorative surgery for inborn eyelid-alterations are indicated
      here with examples. The following experiences result. 1. Inborn eyelid colobomas
      without disfigurement of the inner canthus are in general readily correctable. 2.
      Inborn eyelid colobomas with a disfigured inner canthus and atresia of the
      canaliculi hardly ever permit the production of a cosmetically satisfactory inner
      canthus, and never permit a functionally satisfactory one. The use of
      lacoductorhinostomy, according to L. Jones, is problematic here. 3. The
      correction of inborn eyelid colobomas in the case of Goldenhar's syndrome is
      difficult because, due to additional dermoids and fibromas, irregular excisions
      become necessary. Thus, the lid margin becomes significantly deformed. A
      considerable temporal displacement of the skin cannot be avoided. 4. Any plastic
      correction of an inborn, genuine eyelid tumor is difficult, if the important
      structures of the eyelid--especially the tarsus and levator muscles--are only
      fragmentarily developed. In the case of the large, soft fibroma of the upper
      eyelid in neurofibromatosis, only a static eyelid in middle position can be
      accomplished. 5. Very often, motility problems arise in this connection. Both in
      Goldenhar's disease and in Recklinghausen's disease, primary dysplasis of the
      rectus externus muscle occurs.

PMID- 1195636
TI  - [Experiences in the measurements of correspondence using dark red glass and
      according to image after Cuppers (author's transl)].
AB  - The measurement of correspondence using a dark red glass in front of the fixating
      eye and a foveal after image in the deviating eye according to Cuppers is really
      an efficient clinical method. In spite of the fact that we are dealing with a
      dissociating test this method offers these advantages: 1. The objective angle is
      well known at any time. 2. This method allows a sufficient discrimination in the
      range of 15 min. of arc. 3. There is a permanent retinal stimulation contrary to
      the method utilizing after-flash images.--General objections to dissociating
      tests, for example that given by Goldman, are only limited value, because of the
      fact that patients with disturbed functions must be differentiated easily from
      normal persons. Sources of error system mainly from inconcentrated fixation.
      There is a great demand for attention on the part of the patient. Using this
      method we have been able to show the 17 cases examined up to now a paradoxical
      anomaly, demonstrated by a larger subjective angle than the objective angle.
      Besides that we could prove that lability of correspondence, characteristic for
      an anomaly, and its alteration depending on which method was used. A paradoxical
      anomaly was also obtained with other methods such as Hering's after images alone,
      after image plus real object + Haidinger brushes (synoptophor). From five
      examples the conditions are presented under which this phenomenon was observed up
      to the present. The reason of paradoxical anomaly may be seen in the loss of
      specific ability of cortical cells to localize exactly, especially those cells
      which are stimulated by foveal area, so that subjective localisation becomes very
      inexact.

PMID- 1195637
TI  - [Cuppers' "Fadenoperation" for complicated eye-muscle disturbances and non
      accomodative convergence-excess (author's transl)].
AB  - More than ever the "Fadenoperation" according to Cuppers has become an important
      method to improve the pathological relation between eye position, innervation,
      and resulting motility. This is achieved by sutural fixation of an over-acting
      muscle far behind its original insertion. In particular a palsy can be influenced
      by making a handicap for the contralateral yoke muscle. 40 patients (palsies,
      nystagmus, strabismus incomitans), who have been treated so far, may demonstrate
      how the purpose of changing the innervation rather than the length of muscles can
      be integrated in general therapeutic schemes. The procedure is also helpful in
      weakening the over-acting int. rectus muscle in strabismus cases with habitual
      excessive convergence.

PMID- 1195638
TI  - [Results of penalisation treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of penalisation treatment are given in the cases of 233 children with
      squint and 9 with amblyopia without a squint angle. With regard to amblyopia
      treatment penalisation is indeed not so effective as direct total occlusion, but
      it can be used, for example when the parents or children fight against the
      occlusion or when a plaster allergy is present. Even in school children the near
      penalisation in cases of amblyopia diagnosed too late can bring very satisfactory
      visual improvements (in over 50%), provide care and stamina are present. For
      prophylaxis against amblyopia, the penalisation is especially suitable. In only
      1/3 of cases the squint angle becomes obviously smaller, and signs of incomitance
      are not affected. Less than one third incomitance are not affected. Less than one
      third of the children attain with penalisation alone binocular vision--and even
      this usually on the basis of anomalous development.

PMID- 1195639
TI  - [Postoperativ binocular function after full prismatic correction in patients with
      concomitant convergent strabismus and exuberance of convergence (author's
      transl)].
AB  - We investigated the cases of 50 non amblyopic children with concomitant
      convergent strabismus and exuberance of convergence, in which a prolonged
      prismatic correction was performed. 31 children had a 5 degree higher angle of
      squint in near vision before the application of prism. In 13 out of 31 the angle
      of squint, which was measured at the gaze for distance, increased more than 6
      degrees. The ratio of normal retinal correspondence (NRC) to abnormal retinal
      correspondence  (ARC) is 14:17. 19 patients developed only after prismatic
      correction of the angle of squint an exuberance of convergence. This phenomenon
      we call secundary exuberance of convergence. In this group the angle of squint
      for distance vision increased in only three children more than 6 degrees, while 6
      children had a decrease by up to 11 degrees. The ratio NRC: ARC is 7:12.
      Postoperativ follow-up of binocular function over 4-5 years showed, that the
      prognosis in case of primary exuberance of convergence is worse than in
      secondary.

PMID- 1195640
TI  - [The results of surgical treatment of convergent strabismus (author's transl)].
AB  - From the results of 628 operations on strabismus convergens, the individual
      corrections were related to the achieved reduction of the angle of deviation. The
      evaluation showed that strabismus operations may be well dosed not only with a
      view to a general improvement of the squint angle but also as a specific
      influence on the squint angle as to distant vision and near vision.

PMID- 1195641
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of post-traumatic diplopia (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors describe the diagnosis and operative methods for the treatment of 36
      patients which were operated on in the last two years. These patients included 32
      with various face fractures, of which 7 had blow-out fractures. In 4 patients the
      diplopia was caused by injuries to the soft tissues without bony fracture. The
      examinations comprised x-ray methods and also ophthalmological examinations,
      especially with the synoptometer. In 24 operated patients, reposition of the bony
      fragments or autologous bone grafts were done according to the kind of injury
      present. Although 17 patients were operated on very late (some weeks up to
      several months after the trauma), in 13 patients (54%) a complete cure could be
      achieved, and all the other patients showed an improvement. In 3 patients there
      was only a minor improvement, and it was decided to perform further operations on
      the extrinsic eye muscles. The authors emphasize the special sense of multi
      disciplinary working together in the diagnosis and therapy of patients with face
      injuries, while this is very important for the success of the treatment.

PMID- 1195642
TI  - [Problems on expert classification in cases of traumatic disturbances of ocular
      motility (author's transl)].
AB  - The classification of reduction in ability to earn a livelihood in cases of
      traumatical disturbances of ocular motility is still mainly based on antiquated
      values which no longer do justice to the real sensomotor situations. Today new
      diagnostic methods, most of them developed by Cuppers, give a better and more
      certain base as to the objectivation of the disturbances and the subjective
      troubles of the subjet. Moreover, new operative indications and techniques can
      cure them. Four cases are demonstrated as examples for an equivalent and adequate
      classification.

PMID- 1195643
TI  - [Microscopic examination of unused synthetic suturing material before and after
      ray-treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - Unused 9/0 nylon suture show before and after ray-treatment mostly sagittal
      tears, besides this oblique and horizontal tears. Circumscribed distensions and
      attentuations were only found in suturing material which had undergone ray
      treatment therapy. Microscopic examination was done in 474 cm unused suturing
      material, that means 203 cm 9/0 nylon sutures after and 81 cm before ray
      treatment; these sutures were manufactored by the firm Klein, Heidelberg- besides
      this 98 cm 9/0 nylon sutures after and 92 cm before ray-treatment; these sutures
      were manufactored by the firm Ethicon, Hamburg.

PMID- 1195644
TI  - [Morphology of the peripheral choriocapillaris in patients of various ages
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A study of the choroidal vascular system in post-mortem eyes with negative
      histories of ocular and systemic vascular disease showed that there are
      progressive capillary changes with increasing age. The investigation was limited
      to the equatorial and peripheral choriocapillaries. Capillary changes and a
      patchy vascular atrophy of the capillary layer with increasing width of the
      intercapillary connective tissue were observed to start in the area of the ora
      serrata. Atrophic changes were most commonly located in the temporal zones. In
      contrast to the senescent changes of the capillaries, involvement of the
      arterioles was relatively mild; complete obliteration of an arteriole has not
      been observed even in atrophic capillary zones. Causal relationships of senile
      capillary changes could not be ascertained on a pure morphological basis.
      Clinical relevance has been discussed.

PMID- 1195645
TI  - [Aqueous dynamics and ciliary epithelium enzyme systems (author's transl)].
AB  - Aqueous humour is produced by ultrafiltration (30%) and active ion transport
      (70%) predominantly achieved by nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells. They need
      chemical energy supplied by intracellular metabolisms. Suspensions of isolated
      ciliary epithelial cells and ciliary cell layers prepared from single rabbit eyes
      have been assayed for activities of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase, lactate
      dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NAD- and NADP-depending isocitrate
      dehydrogenase. Levels of enzyme activity were found to be higher in the
      nonpigmented cell type. Enzyme activity of cell layers exceeded those of isolated
      cells for technical reasons. By comparing ciliary epithelial enzyme patterns to
      those of different tissues it may be deduced that ciliary epithelium draws its
      energy chiefly from pentosephosphate and citric cycle. High levels of lactate
      dehydrogenase activity suggest special functions of this in enzyme in aqueous
      formation.

PMID- 1195646
TI  - [Fixation devices for the cover-test (author's transl)].
AB  - A special fixation device for distance consisting of a music box and a fixation
      light with changing colour is described. For near examination a fixation bar with
      a vertical row of pictures and numbers, and a fixation cube with pictures are
      recommanded.

PMID- 1195647
TI  - [Lid retraction in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Three cases with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia are presented. They
      showed an upper lid, retraction which was due to a better preservation of lid
      elevator function as compared to ocular elevator function.

PMID- 1195648
TI  - [Penalization in microtropia (author's transl)].
AB  - Near penalization was carried out in 113 children, from which 35 were younger
      than 5 1/2, and 78 older than 5 1/2 years. We were especially interested in the
      older group with small angles of squint from zero to five degrees. The treatment
      with regard to amblyopia in this group is difficult, but we saw also in cases
      with non-foveal fixation a rapid increase of the near visual acuity because of
      spherical overcorrection. The distant visual acuity was increased mainly to 0.6.
      There was no influence upon the angle of squint and the correspondence. In the
      younger group (below 5 1/2 years) the results with regard to visual acuity,
      fixation and angle of squint were more favourable. We think, that we will get
      these results only by occlusion and prism over- and full-correction, if there are
      no external reasons, such as schoolage, which prevent this treatment.

PMID- 1195649
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of central serous retinal detachment (author's
      transl)].
AB  - We described extensive and multifocal serous detachment of the neuroretina in
      cases of Harada's disease, optic head pitting, coloboma of choroid and optic
      nerve-head and bullous retinal detachment (Gass). Peripapillary serous detachment
      occurred in an additional case after branch occlusion of central retinal artery.
      Systemic steroids were useful in Harada's disease. The other cases required
      photocoagulation or argon laser treatment. Bullous retinal detachment did not
      heal until a buckling procedure was performed. The serous detachment of the
      neuroretina is considered as an uniform tissue-reaction of choroid,
      pigmentepithelium and neuroretina. The pathogenesis for this is unknown.

PMID- 1195650
TI  - [Congenital hypoplasia of the optic nerve (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors investigated 7 children with developmental anomalies of the optic
      disc. In all cases a typical pattern of hypoplasia was observed. In all patients
      was found a very marked impairment of visual acuity or even blindness of the
      affected eye with most frequently squint and nystagmus. Besides ophthalmological
      investigation, neurological examination were carried out in these children and
      the Wassermann reaction was determined, together with tests for toxoplasmosis and
      radiograms of the optic foramina.

PMID- 1195651
TI  - [Further investigations on cellular immunodeficiency in uraemic patients and the
      effect of haemodialysis (author's transl)].
AB  - The spontaneous rossette-formation of lymphocytes and the rate of the DNA
      synthesis was determined in 33 uremic patients of the haemodialysis unit. 1.
      Spontaneous rosette-formation of uremic lymphocytes (39,5%,n=16) did not differ
      from normal lymphocytes (39,3%,n=39). 2. The absolute lymphocyte count was
      slightly but not significantly reduced in uremic patients compared to normal
      controls and the slight increase after dialysis was not significant. 3. The PHA
      induced DNA-synthesis of lymphocytes of 23 uremic patients was significantly
      reduced compared to normal controls. 4. The reduced PHA-induced DNA-synthesis of
      lymphocytes of uremic patients was not different in patients dialysed two times
      (22 hours) per week and patients dialysed three times (30 hours) per week. 5. No
      correlation of the reduction of PHA-induced DNA-synthesis to the underlying renal
      diseases could be found.

PMID- 1195652
TI  - [Morbid-anatomical findings in human bone marrow in shock (author's transl)].
AB  - In a post mortem study of shock-induced changes in the bone marrow, marrow from
      six different parts of the skeletal system was examined in a total of 109
      patients. The comparison of a group of 64 subjects deceased in shock conditions
      with a control group of 25 deceased without shock showed: In 76,6% of all
      patients with shock, fibrin networks were found in the sinus and perisinoidal
      interstice of bone marrow. This can be demonstrated abundantly in every fourth
      patient with shock. Microthrombi and emboli occluding vessels in the marrow were
      seen in only 6.3% of the shock cases (controls 0%). The different forms of fibrin
      precipitates appear most commonly after shock caused by infection. Platelet
      aggregates in the vessels are seen in 28.2% of all cases with shock (controls
      8%). 5% of the cases with shock showed infarction-like necroses of the bone
      marrow and a further 23% necroses of small cell groups. In every fifth patient
      with shock, a great number of nucleated blood cells and their precursors were
      found in the marrow sinus (controls 8%). In a third group of 20 patients with
      serious illness alledgedly without shock, 45 per cent had a fibrin network when
      compared with the control group. When several of these findings are present
      simultaneously, one can apply the term "shock marrow".

PMID- 1195653
TI  - Immunological study of HB-AG carriers.
AB  - The serum immunoglobulin levels, the presence of circulating autoantibodies, the
      number of peripheral "atypical" lymphocytes and the number of DNA and RNA
      synthesizing mononuclear cells were studied in a group of "healthy" HB-Ag
      (australia Antigen) carriers and in a group of healthy HB-Ag negative control
      subjects. In the HB-Ag carriers, in spite of the persistent antigenaemia, all
      these immunological findings were normal (as in the control subjects).

PMID- 1195654
TI  - Plasma half life of beta-methyl digoxin following repetitive application in man.

PMID- 1195655
TI  - [Mode of action of bisacodyl (dulcolax) on isolated muscles of human colon
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of bisacodyl (4,4-diacetyl-bis-hydroxyphenyl-pyridyl-(2)-methan,
      Dulcolax) on the tone of isolated muscle strips of human colon were examined.
      Maximal contractions achieved by 10 mug/ml of bisacodyl were quite comparable to
      those due to 1 mug/ml of acetylcholine, 1 mug/ml of histamine and 0.5 mug/ml of
      nicotine, respectively. However, peak contractions were attained with a greater
      latency and could not be prevented by the anticholinergic agent atropine, the H1
      antihistaminic diphenhydramin or tetrodotoxin blocking axonal conduction. On the
      other hand, pretreatment with verapamil -- antagonizing calcium influx into the
      muscle cell -- abolished bisacodyl effects. These results provide evidence for a
      direct action of bisacodyl on smooth muscle cells of human colon.

PMID- 1195656
TI  - Present status of 32P-therapy in management of polycythemia vera.
AB  - The aim of this study is to assess the present status of 32P-therapy in the
      management of polycythemia vera. The nature of the disease and its associated
      clinical problems was considered with respect to the characteristics of the
      different therapeutic approaches. We concluded that 32P is preferably
      administered to older patients, especially if long term remissions are achieved,
      if drugs are taken unreliably, or if patients are difficult to supervise. At
      present chemotherapy is preferably administered to younger patients, to those who
      respond inadequately to 32P, or who demonstrate early relapsing
      hyperproliferation of granulocytopoiesis, or who require 32P-administration at
      intervals shorter than one year.

PMID- 1195657
TI  - [The effect of acute diuresis augmentation on urea and creatinine clearance in
      healthy people and in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (author's
      transl)].
AB  - According to earlier observations no further augmentation of urea clearance
      should be possible above a urine flow of 2 ml/min (so-called augmentation limit).
      In normal people and in patients with renal insufficiency no augmentation limit
      of urea and creatinine clearance could be ascertained: increasing urine flow was
      correlated with augmentation of urea and creatinine clearance. Calculating the
      protein equivalent the augmentation of urea excretion by increased diuresis seems
      to be of clinical importance only in the treatment of renal insufficiency with
      small basic diuresis.

PMID- 1195658
TI  - [Aplastic anemia-a preleukemic stage (author's transl)].
AB  - In a group of 44 patients with primary and secondary aplastic anemia, four (9%)
      developed an acute leukemia. Cytological changes that pointed to a preleukemia
      were not observed during the preleukemic stage. The possibility is discussed
      whether a aplastic anemia and a preleukemia can be distinguished by cytological,
      cytochemical and cytogenetic tests, by agar-culture technique, liquid-culture and
      determination of reverse transcriptase.

PMID- 1195659
TI  - [Regan-isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in sera of cancer patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The Regan-Isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase was determined immunologically
      measuring the antibody-fixed tumor alkaline phosphatase activity. In 68 blood
      donors the normal range varied from 0.1145 to 0.6351 (delta E/20 min at 405 nm,
      chi = 0.3748, standard deviation = 0.1013). 28.9% of 83 patients with different
      carcinomas showed a pathologically elevated Regan-Isoenzyme activity in the
      serum. The percentage of positive results as compared to previous reports is
      higher due to a more sensitive technique.

PMID- 1195660
TI  - [Investigation of the mucociliary clearance by means of 99mTc-labelled sulfur
      colloid (author's transl)].
AB  - The mucociliary system of the lung was studied in eight normal subjects and ten
      patients with chronic bronchitis, using sulfur colloids, labelled with
      99mTechnetium. By recording the radioactive impulses over the lung with a
      scintillation camera and analysing the data with a computer, we were able to
      exclude extrapulmonary artefacts and to select central areas of the
      tracheobronchial tree. Time activity curves obtained over the central airways
      were interpreted by means of a model. In bronchitics the disappearance rate of
      the radioactive particles was found to depend upon the pattern of deposition and
      the degress of airway obstruction. Because of the good reproducibility in one and
      the same subject, the effect of drugs, influencing the mucociliary system, can be
      tested. We used a newly developed vagolytic substance which did not influence the
      mucociliary system and which reduced little the airway resistance in patients
      with chronic bronchitis at the administered dose.

PMID- 1195661
TI  - [Red cell mass and plasma volume in chronic cor pulmonale (author's transl)].
AB  - Red cell mass and plasma volume were simultaneously measured by Cr51 and J125
      albumine, respectively, in 36 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and
      cor pulmonale. Additionally, pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gas
      analyses as well as pulmonary circulatory and right ventricular hemodynamic
      measurements were performed the same day. Patients were divided into 3 clinical
      subgroups: 1. a predominantely emphysematous A-type (n =12), 2. a predominantly
      bronchial B-type (n = 12), and 3. an intermediate type (n = 12) with about equal
      scores for A and B. With regard to the cardiac state, A-patients were clinically
      characterized by small ptotic hearts on chest x-ray and the absence of overt
      cardiac failure during the whole course of illness whereas B-patients generally
      showed radiological evidence of heart dilatation associated with recurrent
      episodes of manifest right ventricular failure. Patients of the intermediate type
      mostly had recovered from cardiac failure. The following results were obtained:
      1. Red cell volume, plasma volume, and total blood volume were within normal
      limits in A-patients and in patients of the intermediate type. A marked
      hypervolemia in B-patients was almost entirely due to an increased red cell
      volume. 2. Close correlations of the red cell volume and total blood volume,
      respectively, to the arterial PO2 as well as to the arterial PCO2 could be
      established. 3. Total blood volume was significantly correlated to certain
      hemodynamic parameters, including cardiac output, stroke volume, pulmonary artery
      pressure, and right ventricular enddiastolic pressure. 4. The quotient body
      hematocrit/venous hematocrit was lowered to a significant degree as compared to
      normal subjects. As a consequence, indirect determination of red cell volume and
      total blood volume from plasma volume and venous hematocrit leads to a consistent
      overestimation of both parameters, amounting to 28% in the mean for the red cell
      mass and to 12% for the total blood volume in the present series.

PMID- 1195662
TI  - [Effect of D-penicillamine on the humoral primary response (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of D-penicillamine (Pen) on the humoral primary response was
      studied systematically. Inbred rats are sensitized with erythrocytes of mice of
      one strain. Pen given at various schedules (dosage: 3 X 100 resp. 3 X 1000 mg/kg
      at 24 h intervals) showed no effect on antibody titer 7 days after sensitization.
      When Pen is given before the antigen the slope of the titer after day 7 is
      accelerated. Compared to experiments with alkylating drugs and antimetabolites in
      the same model Pen does not show immunosuppressive potency.

PMID- 1195663
TI  - [Perimembranous glomerulonephritis after treatment with D-penicillamine. Report
      on 31 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - This report includes 31 patients who developed a perimembranous
      glomerulonephritis generally 7 months after the onset of the treatment of various
      illnesses with D-Penicillamine. In all cases the patients had a proteinuria,
      associated with a hematuria in 12 cases. After the treatment was stopped 8
      patients rapidly developed a nephrotic syndrome, while its onset was more gradual
      in 12 other patients. 5 patients initially with a nephrotic syndrome had no
      proteinuria at the time of a second biopsy made up to 12 months later. In these 5
      cases the typical changes of perimembranous glomerulonephritis observed on
      electron microscopy were much reduced in the second biopsy.

PMID- 1195664
TI  - Mesocaecal microvascular response to locally applied norepinephrine in rats under
      spinal anesthesia.

PMID- 1195665
TI  - Morphological evaluation of hepatitis B antigen purified by affinity
      chromatography.

PMID- 1195666
TI  - An autopsy case of aspergillus infection of the brain.

PMID- 1195667
TI  - A case of depigmentation following the use of eye drops and steroid ointment.

PMID- 1195668
TI  - The pathogenesis of Vaccinia virus toxicity. I. The role of virus-platelet
      interaction.
AB  - When mice are injected intravenously with a large dose of vaccinia virus,
      prepared in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma of the mouse, there is a precipitous
      loss of plasma fibrinogen and blood platelets. Death occurs usually within 24
      hours. A specific role of the virus in this toxic syndrome can be demonstrated
      when heparin is employed to circumvent intravascular coagulation and fibrinogen
      loss. Heparin does not prevent a profound thrombocytopenia from occurring, but it
      modifies the rate of platelet loss. Toxicity is prevented when heparinized virus
      preparations are pretreated with beta-propiolactone or specific antibody,
      although a mild thrombocytopenia occurs. Thrombocytopenia does not occur in mice
      injected with heparinized material prepared from uninfected tumors. These studies
      indicate that the basic mechanism of vaccinia virus toxicity is an early
      interaction between infectious virus and blood platelets, with marked
      thrombocytopenia and consequential pathophysiologic changes.

PMID- 1195669
TI  - Studies from the Birmingham Dogs Home. (1) The problem of resettling stray and
      unwanted animals. (2) The effect of distemper vaccination upon disease incidence.

PMID- 1195670
TI  - Orthopaedic disease affecting the pelvic region of the cat.

PMID- 1195671
TI  - Recanalized patent ductus arteriosus in the dog.

PMID- 1195672
TI  - The Journal of Small Animal Practice.

PMID- 1195673
TI  - Editorial: A plea for proportion.

PMID- 1195674
TI  - Greyhound injuries.

PMID- 1195675
TI  - Chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy in the dog.

PMID- 1195676
TI  - A survey of the source of pups and their health status as seen in the North West
      Region of the BSAVA.

PMID- 1195677
TI  - The successful use of a prosthesis in the correction of a palatal defect in a
      dog.

PMID- 1195678
TI  - Polyostotic cystic bone lesions in a dog.

PMID- 1195679
TI  - Pentobarbitone as an anaesthetic agent in the Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis
      adeliae).

PMID- 1195680
TI  - The shoulder joint.

PMID- 1195681
TI  - Skin granuloma of cats associated with acid-fast bacilli.

PMID- 1195682
TI  - The necropsy in small animal practice.

PMID- 1195683
TI  - Bile pleuritis in a dog.

PMID- 1195684
TI  - First aid and veterinary treatment of wild birds.

PMID- 1195685
TI  - A cross-cultural comparison between the Israeli and American fear survey
      inventory.

PMID- 1195686
TI  - Retinal pigmentation and space perception: a failure to replicate.

PMID- 1195687
TI  - The self-esteem inventory and the Oglala Sioux: a validation study.

PMID- 1195688
TI  - The relationship between personality inventory scores and self-ratings.

PMID- 1195689
TI  - Self-disclosure and stress among Middle-Eastern university students.

PMID- 1195690
TI  - Group affective stimulus value and cognitive complexity.

PMID- 1195691
TI  - Authoritarianism and graffiti.

PMID- 1195692
TI  - Personal evaluations, laughter, and affective judgments.
AB  - Fifty-six subjects read positive or negative evaluations of their personality
      made by a bogus same-sex peer and then rated their immediate feelings. A second
      group of 22 subjects rated their feelings after reading the evaluations of a
      third person. It was found that personal evaluations evoked more spontaneous
      laughter than did the evaluation of a third person (p less than .001). Inclusion
      of the factor of laughter in the experimental design disclosed that subjects who
      laughed felt more pleasant than those who did not laugh (p less than .008) and
      that laughter was associated with affective state only in the negative evaluation
      condition (p less than .003).. Also, positive evaluations made the subjects feel
      good, and negative ones made them feel bad (p less than .001). Results seemed to
      suggest that extreme affective arousal engenders laughter which, in turn, alters
      the judgments of one's affective state.

PMID- 1195693
TI  - Inferiority of femal athletes: myth or reality.

PMID- 1195694
TI  - Habitual exercisers: a blood serum and personality profile.
AB  - In summary, this study indicated that those subjects who participated in regular
      physical activity were distinguished from nonexercisers by being more tough
      minded, prudent, and relaxed in so far as their personality characteristics (16
      PF) are concerned. If we consider the above mentioned statement by Birren, it is
      our feeling that these traits are highly desirable for interpersonal relations
      and are antithetic to the theory of avoidance behavior shown to increase with
      age. In relation to the blood serum profile, the habitual exercisers were seen to
      possess, in particular, lower levels of serum alkaline phosphatase. This finding
      may be indicative of the compressive or tensile effect of chronic physical
      activity on the skeletal system and has led us to embark upon further studies in
      this area.

PMID- 1195695
TI  - Cardiac stroke volume: effects of athletic training.
AB  - A high capacity oxygen transport system requires a large cardiac stroke volume.
      This may be achieved by an increase in the systolic emptying of the heart as
      might occur with training programs of one to three months. Any major increase in
      stroke volume must be achieved by an increase in the diastolic heart volume. Only
      the athlete with an extraordinary degree of endurance fitness develops this
      change and it likely requires at least a few years of training. Some of this
      training may have to take place during puberty and rapid growth years. To some
      extent the capacity to increase stroke volume may be genetically determined. We
      have no information on the best way to train the heart to have a high stroke
      volume. The inadequate data available suggest that moderately intense interval
      work with supine recovery periods results in the largest possible stroke volume,
      but it is not known whether this is of any practical value for training athletes.

PMID- 1195696
TI  - Baseball pitching injuries in growing athletes.

PMID- 1195698
TI  - The need for relaxation in athletics.

PMID- 1195697
TI  - Swimming and cardiovascular fitness in the older age group.
AB  - Coronary artery disease is an extraordinarily common and devastating disorder of
      middle aged and even young men in the United States and Western Europe. An
      increasing risk of developing the disease is associated with such factors as high
      blood pressure, obesity, high levels of cholesterol in the blood serum, cigarette
      smoking, certain behavioral patterns, decreased vital capacity and a low level of
      physical activity. There is much evidence to indicate that exercise may well help
      prevent heart attacks through such mechanisms as increasing heart efficiency,
      decreasing the level of serum cholesterol, decreasing obesity, decreasing high
      blood pressure and promoting psychic well-being. It is necessary, however, that
      the exercise be continued throughout life. Athletic activity in high school or
      college is of no help in later years. The exercise must be part of a regular
      scheduled year-round activity. It is suggested that swimming has many unique
      advantages for such an endeavor. The Amateur Athletic Union of the United States
      has developed competition in older age groups as a motivating force for the
      continuance of a regular training program of a healthful nature.

PMID- 1195700
TI  - Tennis elbow: further considerations.

PMID- 1195699
TI  - The martial arts and the caucasian knee: "a tiger by the tail".

PMID- 1195701
TI  - The predictability of athletic injuries: an eight-year study.

PMID- 1195702
TI  - Stereotypes of football players as a function of positions.
AB  - Sports experts agree that different football positions require different
      personality characteristics and a varied level of motor skill, e.g., quarterback
      position presumably demands a calm personality, a cerebral endowment, and great
      motor finesse. By contrast, some other positions may require sheer physical
      strength and a combative aggressive personality. This study investigated whether
      football coaches stereotype players according to their various positions and
      attempted to determine the profile, magnitude and consistency of such
      stereotyping on both personality traits and motor skill dimensions. This study
      also investigated the relationship between such stereotypes and the players'
      scores on psychological tests. On two separate occasions, each of six coaches
      rated thirteen football positions as to their players' motor skill and
      personality characteristics. Coaches were instructed to base their ratings on
      their actual experiences with the players of each position throughout their
      coaching careers. MMPI-derived scales and the 16 PF test were administered to 251
      players. Test-retest correlation coefficients indicate that the six coaches were
      reliably stable in their stereotypes of the players. Coefficients of concordance
      indicate significant agreement among the coaches on the stereotypes. Only the 16
      PF scores yielded a personality picture consistent with the coaches' stereotypes.
      Effect of such stereotyping on interpersonal relationships between coach and
      player are discussed.

PMID- 1195703
TI  - Traumatic joint effusion and the synovium.
AB  - The morphology and function of synovial membrane is considered for its roles in
      development of traumatic joint effusions. Careful diagnostic study, including
      analysis of synovial fluid, is needed to be certain that one is dealing with
      uncomplicated traumatic effusion. Conservative treatment with cold application,
      rest and aspiration, seems effective and in line with known, basic experimental
      work for this generally self-limiting problem.

PMID- 1195704
TI  - Facts and statistics related to drowning.

PMID- 1195705
TI  - Adrenaline, arousal and sport.
AB  - In general, the literautre review provides theoretical explanations for the
      popular, common-sense belief that a little stress improves performance, whereas
      when stress becomes severe, performance declines and ultimately breaks down. In
      terms of psychological stress (as opposed to physiological) the single most
      important variable appears to be the subject's interpretation of the stress
      producing stimuli. Increases in adrenaline and noradrenaline accompany a variety
      of emotional responses, but differential proportions are not seen as
      characterizing the various emotions. Noradrenaline secretion appears to be
      related to physiological stress, or the amount of work attempted by the organism.
      Adrenaline secretion seems to be more-directly related to mental stress and
      emotional response. As emotional involvement increases, adrenal medullary
      secretion of adrenaline increases. The accompanying physiological and metabolic
      responses faciltate performance to a point; however, extremely high levels of
      arousal may adversely affect the athlete's proficiency. This is expecially true
      of sport skills requiring steadiness, precision, and concentration. Finally, for
      the sake of perspective, it should be stated that any contribution or
      complication created by the catecholamines is minimal when the entire ability
      range of competitors is considered. Whereas near superhuman feats by ordinary
      individuals caught in life-threatening situations have been reported, variations
      of great magnitude are unlikely in sport. The average individual is not
      transformed into a world class athlete merely by "getting the adrenaline
      flowing." Among athletes of similar physical stature and physiological function,
      however, adrenaline and arousal may certainly tip the scale of performance in
      sport.

PMID- 1195706
TI  - "Helicopter" fracture.
AB  - An interesting fracture of the fibula is described which occurs very close to the
      radiographic isthmus of the bone. This fracture is produced by a rotational
      maneuver but does not result in a rotational type injury. It is our conclusion
      that these fractures were produced by a force distributed along the long axis of
      the fibula and bear a direct relationship to that fibula's anatomical ability or
      inability to transmit the force required of it at the moment of forcible
      dorsiflexion of the foot.

PMID- 1195707
TI  - An editorial comment on "the coach's finger".

PMID- 1195708
TI  - The significance of proteinuria in athletes.

PMID- 1195709
TI  - Therapeutic agents in musculoskeletal injuries.

PMID- 1195710
TI  - Junior league football: risks vs benefits.

PMID- 1195711
TI  - The effects of conditioning on cardiorespiratory function in adolescent boys.
AB  - Pulse rate and oxygen consumption were measured for 19 boys (agen 12-13) assigned
      to either Distance, Interval, or No-Training regimens, during a 5 min. run at 6
      m.p.h., zero % grade on a motor driven treadmill prior to a 12 week conditioning
      period, following conditioning, and after four months of deconditioning. Oxygen
      consumption was assessed by opencircuitry and heart rate monitored by direct
      electrocardiography. Both conditioning groups significantly improved
      cardiovascular fitness (Distance group: 175-152 beats/min. and Interval group:
      175-159 beats/min.) at P less than .01, but no differences were noted between
      them. They differed significantly from the Control group (P less than .05) which
      showed no change (172-173 beats/min.). No significant differences occurred
      between any of the groups for Vo2 variables, but Within group analysis
      statistically favored the Distance group. Post-conditioning and -deconditioning
      comparisoms indicated taht deconditioning had a deleterious effect on
      cardiorespiratory function. Cardiorespiratory fitness improved to the extent that
      competitive running events of 2-6 miles are suggested for this age group, but as
      the data indicated, only after sufficient training. Task similarity of training
      and standard test and running volume apparently afforded a slightly greater
      improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness in the Distance group. Marked
      deterioration of fitness during deconditioning was attributed to complete absence
      of a training stimulus.

PMID- 1195712
TI  - Preliminary research on body displacement during lunar walking.

PMID- 1195713
TI  - Respiratory and metabolic responses following marathon running at altitudes.

PMID- 1195714
TI  - Anthropometric and roentgenogrammetric assessment of physique and body
      composition of athletes specialising in throwing events.

PMID- 1195715
TI  - Endurance training: the effects of intensity, total work, duration and initial
      fitness.

PMID- 1195716
TI  - A blood and urine study of heavy muscular work on ureic and uric metabolism in
      man.

PMID- 1195717
TI  - Heart rate, blood pressure, serum lactate, and serum cholesterol changes after
      the cessation of training.

PMID- 1195718
TI  - A light and electron microscopic study of effects of testosterone on rabbit
      Achilles tendon.

PMID- 1195719
TI  - Some predispositions for top performance in speed canoeing and their changes
      during the whole year training program.

PMID- 1195720
TI  - Functional strength and skill development of young ice hockey players.

PMID- 1195721
TI  - The effects of normal and glucose syrup work diets on the performance of racing
      cyclists.

PMID- 1195722
TI  - The effect of anabolic steroids on physical fitness.

PMID- 1195723
TI  - The physical conditioning effects of walking.

PMID- 1195724
TI  - A mathematical model for volume replacement in bleeding patients.

PMID- 1195725
TI  - Metaplasia of adult oral mucous membrane.

PMID- 1195727
TI  - Preparation of chronic lung lymph fistulas in sheep.

PMID- 1195726
TI  - Correlation of 85Kr gastric mucosal flow determinations.

PMID- 1195728
TI  - Effect of anoxic cardiac arrest and induced ventricular fibrillation on
      myocardial mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 1195729
TI  - Experimental chemical sympathectomy. Regional and systemic effects of
      intraarterial injection of 6-OH dopamine.

PMID- 1195730
TI  - The use of serum-blocking factor as an indicator of residual tumor following
      primary excision.

PMID- 1195731
TI  - The surgical approach to the lateral nasal gland. A new method for studying the
      canine thermoregulatory response.

PMID- 1195732
TI  - The Tennessee Physicians' Mutual Liability Insurance Company. An editorial.

PMID- 1195733
TI  - Area Health Education Center: a model of a consortium approach to health manpower
      education and consumer education in Southeast Tennessee.

PMID- 1195735
TI  - Massive transfusion: complications and their management. Case presentation.

PMID- 1195734
TI  - The Middle Tennessee cholera epidemic of 1873.

PMID- 1195736
TI  - X-ray of the month: neuroblastoma.

PMID- 1195737
TI  - EKG of the month.

PMID- 1195738
TI  - The role of propranolol in the management of hypertension.

PMID- 1195739
TI  - Left main coronary artery obstruction. Survival and clinical improvement without
      surgery.

PMID- 1195740
TI  - Neural crest neoplasms.

PMID- 1195741
TI  - City of Memphis Hospital medical audit criteria.

PMID- 1195742
TI  - Heat production and metabolism during the contraction of mammalian skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - Methods are described whereby initial processes of muscular contraction may be
      investigated in a mammalian preparation, the soleus muscle of the rat. Conditions
      are chosen so that recovery is avoided. An isometric tetanus is investigated and
      an energy balance sheet is drawn up. It is found that there is more heat evolved
      than can be accounted for in terms of measured chemical reaction. This
      discrepancy is discussed with reference to the similar results that have been
      obtained using frog muscle.

PMID- 1195744
TI  - A germination model for natural seed populations.

PMID- 1195743
TI  - Conformational flexibility and structure of creatine kinase.
AB  - The structural flexibility of creatine kinase has been investigated with the
      covalent hydrophobic probe 2-[4'-(2"-iodoacetamido) phenyl] aminonaphthalene-6
      sulfonic acid (IAANS) which reacts at vastly different rates with the two
      subunits to give a protein conjugate with fluorescence characteristic of reaction
      with a site in a hydrophobic cleft. Binding of purine nucleotides greatly
      enhances the probe fluorescence while pyrimidine nucleotides quench the
      fluorescence. Small anions bind to nucleotide-free creatine kinase near the
      location of the transferable phosphoryl group and quench both the IAANS
      fluorescence of modified creatine kinase and the tryptophan fluorescence of
      native creatine kinase. Chloride and nitrate non-competitively inhibit MgADP
      binding both with and without creatine. Fluorescence energy transfer demonstrates
      that the active sites of creatine kinase are well separated and become further
      apart after the nucleotide-induced conformational change.

PMID- 1195745
TI  - Facilitated diffusion: the elasticity of oxygen supply.

PMID- 1195746
TI  - SHAM, a method for biexponential curve resolution using initial slope, height,
      area and moment of the experimental decay type curve.

PMID- 1195747
TI  - Kinetic models of the drug--receptor interaction.

PMID- 1195748
TI  - Non-equilibrium thermodynamics of temporally oscillating chemical reactions.

PMID- 1195749
TI  - Theoretical conformational analysis of 2-phosphopropionic acid, 2-phospho,3-olo
      propionic acid and D-2,3-diphosphoglycerate.

PMID- 1195750
TI  - The regulation of inhomogeneous populations.

PMID- 1195751
TI  - A morphogenetic mechanism involving instability of initial form.

PMID- 1195752
TI  - Conformational adaptability at GABA-sensitive inhibitory synapses.

PMID- 1195753
TI  - Coenzyme Q: a molecular orbital study.

PMID- 1195754
TI  - The influence of villous counter current exchange on intestinal absorption.

PMID- 1195755
TI  - Metabolic turnover rate: a physiological meaning of the metabolic rate per unit
      body weight.

PMID- 1195756
TI  - Mate selection-a selection for a handicap.

PMID- 1195757
TI  - Bacterial chemotaxis in a fixed attractant gradient.

PMID- 1195758
TI  - Kinetics and thermodynamics of isothermal seed germination.

PMID- 1195759
TI  - Immunoglobulin phenotype as a solution of the antibody dilemma.

PMID- 1195760
TI  - Long range intermolecular forces between macroscopic bodies: macroscopic and
      microscopic approaches.

PMID- 1195761
TI  - A model for ageing.

PMID- 1195762
TI  - Equilibrium diversity in plant-pollinator systems.

PMID- 1195763
TI  - Magnolia seed carotenoid pigments: typical evolutionarily-static relicts?

PMID- 1195764
TI  - Application of Markov chains to analysis of a simulation of birds' foraging.

PMID- 1195765
TI  - A model of the activation process of Na+ conductance in the squid axon: an
      approach with interactive desorption kinetics of divalent cations.

PMID- 1195766
TI  - RNA conformation in rod-shaped viruses: a possible molecular model for RNA in
      narcissus mosaic virus.

PMID- 1195767
TI  - Stable conformations of histamine by empirical method.

PMID- 1195768
TI  - Some developmental and attentional biases in the contrast enhancement and short
      term memory of recurrent neural networks.

PMID- 1195769
TI  - Time-dependent inhibition of enzymes by active-site-directed reagents. A
      theoretical treatment of the kinetics of affinity labelling.

PMID- 1195770
TI  - Mispair correction in nucleic acids with alternate forms.

PMID- 1195771
TI  - A model of space filling in phyllotaxis.

PMID- 1195772
TI  - Computer analysis of division patterns in the Drosophila head disc.

PMID- 1195773
TI  - A model for cell cycle and growth kinetics in roots.

PMID- 1195774
TI  - Conformation energies and electronic structure of phenethylamine and amphetamine.

PMID- 1195775
TI  - Commitment to senescence: a model for the finite and infinite growth of diploid
      and transformed human fibroblasts in culture.

PMID- 1195776
TI  - Thermodynamic considerations of the deoxyribonucleic acid helix-cruciform
      transition.

PMID- 1195777
TI  - Polypoid lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. second edition.

PMID- 1195778
TI  - Successful surgical repair of aortico-left ventricular tunnel in an infant.
AB  - Aortico-left ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital malformation in which a
      perivalvular tunnel produces free communication between the aortic root and left
      ventricle. The hemodynamic consequences of this lesion are similar to those of
      aortic valve incompetence. Infants with this condition have clinical findings
      that should suggest it as a diagnostic possibility, and aortic root
      angiocardiography can establish the diagnosis. Early severe congestive heart
      failure is common in infants with this malformation, and in such patients prompt
      surgical correction of the deformity is recommended. This paper reports surgical
      correction of aortico-left ventricular tunnel in a 9-month-old child, the first
      reported patient to be successfully operated on before age 2 years.

PMID- 1195779
TI  - C-peptide analysis in diagnosis of factitial hypoglycemia in an insulin-dependent
      diabetic.
AB  - Factitial hypoglycemia from the surreptitious self-administration of insulin by
      an insulin-dependent diabetic, shown to have C-peptide secretory ability by
      glucose and tolbutamide stimulation tests, was strongly suspected by finding low
      plasma C-peptide immuno-reactivity and high plasma insulin levels during
      "spontaneous" hypoglycemia whereas during hyperglycemia the D-peptide
      immunoreacitivity was higher and the plasma insulin was lower.

PMID- 1195780
TI  - Mediastinal granuloma.
AB  - In a group of 47 patients with mediastinal granulomas, the most common clinical
      symptoms were cough, chest pain, dysphagia, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. The main
      laboratory findings were right paratracheal or hilar mass on chest roentgenogram,
      positive histoplasmin skin test, and caseating granuloma on histopathologic
      examination. Complications included fibrosing mediastinitis with superior vena
      cava obstruction, esophageal compression, and major upper airway compression.
      Treatment was usually surgical resection or evacuation of caseous contents. The
      prognosis in most patients with mediastinal granulomas appears to be good--long
      term survival with minimal or no disability.

PMID- 1195781
TI  - Surreptitious laxative ingestion. Delayed recognition of a serious condition: a
      case report.
AB  - A 46-year-old man with chronic diarrhea underwent exhaustive investigations,
      including laparotomy, but a definitive diagnosis could not be made. It was not
      until a colonoscopic biopsy demonstrated the pigment of melanosis coli that the
      surreptitious use of laxatives was considered seriously. This diagnosis was
      confirmed by simple chemical tests that demonstrated phenolphthalein in the feces
      and urine.

PMID- 1195782
TI  - Gallium scanning in the diagnosis of liver disease.

PMID- 1195783
TI  - Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia: case report.

PMID- 1195784
TI  - Surgery in Maryland state tuberculosis hospitals. II. The period 1956-1966.

PMID- 1195785
TI  - Cholesterol turnover in plasma, aorta, muscles and erythrocytes in young and old
      rats.
AB  - Turnover of cholesterol was measured in 2 and 14 months old male rats (120 yound
      and 109 old) using a single intravenous injection of 3H-cholesterol and following
      the radioactivity of serum, aorta and muscle for 12 days. Blood cholesterol level
      is higher in the older animals. T 1/2 of the fast exchanging pool of cholesterol
      (compartment A) is 0.7 days in young rats and 0.9 days in the old rats )p is less
      than 0.025). T 1/2 of the slow exchanging pool of cholesterol (compartment B) in
      the young rats is 22 days and 32 days in the old rats (p is less than 0.025).
      Additional mathematical analysis showed that there is a decrease of the
      production of cholesterol and slower removal of cholesterol from both pools
      during aging. The effect of aging on cholesterol metabolism is exactly the
      opposite to the effect of cholestyramine as described in the literature. The
      speed of exchange of 3H-cholesterol between the plasma lipoproteins and
      erythrocytes is the same in the young and old rats both in vivo and in vitro
      measurements. Exchange of cholesterol between the blood and muscle or aorta is
      slower in older animals. Specific activity of the aorta in the old animals never
      reaches the specific activity of the blood. This shows that a part of the
      cholesterol pool in the aorta of old animals in metabolically very inert.

PMID- 1195786
TI  - Age-related changes in a spontaneously reassociating fraction of mouse DNA.
AB  - Rapidly reassociating fractions have been isolated from mouse brain and liver
      nuclear DNA by hydroxyapatite fractionation of sonicated and denatured
      preparations incubated at a Cot of 1. When prepared by thermal denaturation, a
      subfraction of this DNA, representing approximately 0.6% of liver and brain DNA,
      has been shown to spontaneously reassociate at Cot 10(-5). This fraction
      increases 3-fold in DNA from old animals. When prepared by alkaline denaturation
      or treated with pronase, no age-related increase is observed, suggesting the
      presence of an alkali-labile stabilizing protein component in DNA from old cells.
      A portion of this fraction is observed by electron microscopy under denaturing
      conditions to consists of looped hairpin structures in DNA from old, but not from
      yound or mature animals. These structures are not seen after pronase treatment.

PMID- 1195787
TI  - Hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine in different tissues of human embryos.
AB  - The collagen content in various tissues of human embryos was studied at four
      different steps of the maturation process. The umbilical cord of a 16-17 week old
      embryo was found to be active in collagen biosynthesis, Tibia, articular
      cartilage and skin showed of a peak of total hydroxyproline in the 16-17th week,
      decreasing later on, while the hydroxyproline decreased in umbilical cord from
      the 15-16th week to the 24th week. Hydroxylysine followed the hydroxyproline
      changes in articular cartilage and umbilical cord.

PMID- 1195788
TI  - The lack of altered enzyme molecules in "senescent" mouse embryo fibroblasts in
      culture.
AB  - In order to compare the biochemical events occurring in senescent animals in vivo
      with those of fibroblasts demonstrating a limited life span in tissue culture,
      experiments were performed to determine whether altered enzyme molecules are
      produced in late passage mouse embryo fibroblasts in tissue culture. Such altered
      enzymes have been previously described by us in both senescent mice and
      nematodes. Fibroblast cultures, initiated from BALB/c embryos underwent
      approximately 7 population doublings before reaching stationary phase. A
      comparison was made of the enzyme activity and the quantity of antigen of the
      enzyme aldolase present in these cultures. The amound of aldolase per cell as
      well as the amount of enzyme per unit of antigen remained constant throughout the
      in vitro lifespan of these cells. Further evidence testifying to a lack of enzyme
      alteration in vitro was obtained in experiments testing temperature sensitivity.
      The aldolase from all passages was equally sensitive to heating at 60 degrees C.

PMID- 1195789
TI  - An improved method for extracellular recording of action potentials from single
      cultured neuroblastoma cells.

PMID- 1195790
TI  - The effect of an electrostatic field on the mitosis of cells.

PMID- 1195792
TI  - A simple device for driving the Grass oscilloscope recording camera by electrical
      signals.

PMID- 1195791
TI  - A programmable stimulator for physiological applications.

PMID- 1195793
TI  - A thermostatic system for biomedical applications.

PMID- 1195795
TI  - Shutter control circuit for photography of single oscilloscope sweeps.

PMID- 1195794
TI  - Discrete deconvolution.

PMID- 1195796
TI  - Ferrite beads prevent television interference to vital medical equipment.

PMID- 1195797
TI  - Diagnostic percussion sounds: 2. Computer-automated parameter measurement for
      quantitative analysis.

PMID- 1195798
TI  - Minimum realisations and modelling of biological systems.

PMID- 1195799
TI  - A hydraulic-pouch method for assessing muscle dynamics.

PMID- 1195800
TI  - The measurement of air flow in a forced expiration using a pressure-sensitive
      transistor.

PMID- 1195801
TI  - Automated bed to aid pulmonary drainage and prevent decubitus ulcers.

PMID- 1195802
TI  - The use of the same pair of dry electrodes to record skin resistance and beat-by
      beat heart rate.

PMID- 1195803
TI  - Intestinal smooth muscle electrical potentials recorded from surface electrodes.

PMID- 1195804
TI  - Elastic modulus of the human intact left ventricle--determination and
      physiological interpretation.

PMID- 1195805
TI  - In vivo elastic modulus of the left ventricle: its determination by means of a
      left ventricular vibrational model and its physiological significance and
      clinical utility.

PMID- 1195806
TI  - Artificial lung design: tubular membrane units.

PMID- 1195807
TI  - The effect of haematocrit on the resistivity of human blood at 37 degrees C and
      100 kHz.

PMID- 1195808
TI  - The importance of blood resistivity in the measurement of cardiac output by the
      thoracic impedance method.

PMID- 1195809
TI  - Application of the diffusion dipole to modelling the optical characteristics of
      blood.

PMID- 1195810
TI  - Accurate measurement of skin blood flow by a thermal conductance method.

PMID- 1195811
TI  - A nonlinear model of the arterial vessels within a limb segment.

PMID- 1195812
TI  - 60 Hz ventricular fibrillation and rhythm thresholds and the nonpacing
      intracardiac catheter.

PMID- 1195813
TI  - Photon-coupled isolators--an example of design.

PMID- 1195814
TI  - A portable mains-operated d.c. defibrillator of unusual design.

PMID- 1195815
TI  - Stress-lowering function of articular cartilage.

PMID- 1195816
TI  - Mechanical properties of diaphragm muscle in dogs.

PMID- 1195817
TI  - A system for defining position and motion of the human body parts.

PMID- 1195818
TI  - [An application of spectrum analysis in the processing of electrosplanchnographic
      signals].

PMID- 1195819
TI  - Analogue simulator of e.e.g. signals based on spectral components.

PMID- 1195820
TI  - New microtransducer for physiological pressure recordings.

PMID- 1195821
TI  - The conversion of printed characters into speechlike sound for a blind reading
      aid.

PMID- 1195822
TI  - [Sequential numerator for graphic and magnetic recorders].

PMID- 1195823
TI  - Sensory feedback for powered limb prostheses.

PMID- 1195824
TI  - Measurement of urinary bladder emptying using electrical impedance.

PMID- 1195825
TI  - The measurement of residual urine volume by electrical impedance in man.

PMID- 1195826
TI  - Grips for holding small samples of bone during tensile testing.

PMID- 1195827
TI  - The use of a simple light-pen system with a colour-television image analyser.

PMID- 1195829
TI  - An animal activity monitor using a microwave Doppler system.

PMID- 1195828
TI  - Raster display of single-unit neuronal responses.

PMID- 1195830
TI  - Elimination of movement blur in television microscopy.

PMID- 1195831
TI  - Letter: Television signal interference.

PMID- 1195832
TI  - Peak discrimination as a method for quantitative evaluation of neural activity by
      computer.

PMID- 1195833
TI  - Comparative evaluation of methods for quantification of neural activity.

PMID- 1195834
TI  - Evaluation of a new e.c.g. measurement program for the detection of rhythm
      disturbances.

PMID- 1195835
TI  - Online analysis of e.c.g. arrhythmias with a digital computer.

PMID- 1195836
TI  - Amplitude-duration relation for direct ventricular defibrillation with
      rectangular current pulses.

PMID- 1195837
TI  - Peak accelerations of the head experienced in boxing.

PMID- 1195838
TI  - Response of human and anthropometric model skulls to impact loading.

PMID- 1195839
TI  - Cuff sphygmomanometry: theoretical analyses for determining differences between
      diastolic and systolic arterial pressures and the corresponding cuff pressures in
      terms of quantities that can be measured on line.

PMID- 1195840
TI  - Displacement plethysmograph allowing heat loss measurements of extremities.

PMID- 1195841
TI  - Artificial-lung design: sheet-membrane units.

PMID- 1195842
TI  - Continuous pO2 monitoring in the neonate by skin electrodes.

PMID- 1195843
TI  - A galvanic cell suitable for monitoring cortical oxygen in man.

PMID- 1195844
TI  - Magnetoelectrophoresis.

PMID- 1195845
TI  - A pulse-train generator for biological stimulation.

PMID- 1195846
TI  - A sampling controller and interval timer for a multiplexed analogue-to-digital
      convertor.

PMID- 1195847
TI  - An atomic-absorption ultramicrospectrophotometer for calcium determination.

PMID- 1195848
TI  - Design of heparin infusion pump for a wearable artificial kidney.

PMID- 1195849
TI  - The glucose control mechanism viewed as a regulator.

PMID- 1195850
TI  - Total opening valves for a ventricular prosthesis.

PMID- 1195851
TI  - The continuous measurement of resistivity and permittivity of human blood plasma
      during coagulation.

PMID- 1195852
TI  - Continuous mass spectrographic measurement of halothane partial pressure in
      blood.

PMID- 1195853
TI  - Biological fuel cell incorporating selective membranes.

PMID- 1195854
TI  - Radiotelemetry of avian shank temperature using a thin-film hybrid microcircuit.

PMID- 1195855
TI  - Calorimetry system for studying small animals following injury.

PMID- 1195856
TI  - The calculation of entrance length in physiological flow.

PMID- 1195857
TI  - A filter bank analyser with simultaneous readout for the evaluation of dynamic
      myoelectric signal power spectra.

PMID- 1195858
TI  - Electronic peroneal brace with a new sequence of stimulation.

PMID- 1195859
TI  - A system for biofeedback conditioning of electroencephalographic activity.

PMID- 1195860
TI  - A flexible catheter for continuous measurement of blood-gas tensions.

PMID- 1195861
TI  - An apparatus for measuring the effects of radiotherapy on the elastic properties
      of human skin in vivo.

PMID- 1195862
TI  - A battery-powered cardiac fibrillator.

PMID- 1195863
TI  - Thorax radiography with e.c.g. and respiration control.

PMID- 1195864
TI  - A vacuum centrifuge for void-free potting of implantable hybrid microcircuits in
      silicone.

PMID- 1195865
TI  - A digital tail-flick apparatus.

PMID- 1195866
TI  - An inexpensive microgramme balance.

PMID- 1195867
TI  - Fluid flow in soft-walled tubes part 1: steady flow.

PMID- 1195868
TI  - Fluid flow in soft-walled tubes part 2: behaviour of finite waves.

PMID- 1195869
TI  - Negative-resistance effects in flow through collapsible tubes: 1 relaxation
      oscillations.

PMID- 1195870
TI  - Negative-resistance effects in flow through collapsible tubes: 2 two-dimensional
      theory of flow near an elastic constriction.

PMID- 1195871
TI  - Negative-resistance effects in flow through collapsible tubes: 3 two-dimensional
      treatment of the elastic properties of elastic constriction.

PMID- 1195872
TI  - Impulse response of a segment of artery derived from transcutaneous blood
      velocity measurements.

PMID- 1195873
TI  - Significance of the velocity impulse response and cross-correlation of the
      femoral and popliteal blood-velocity/time waveforms in disease of the superficial
      femoral artery.

PMID- 1195874
TI  - Computer simulation of notches on h.f. E.C.G. and an interpretation of their
      origin.

PMID- 1195875
TI  - Structural identifiability of strongly connected biological compartmental
      systems.

PMID- 1195876
TI  - Experimental evidence on the mechanism for the instability of flow in collapsible
      vessels.

PMID- 1195877
TI  - A dual control system for assisting respiration.

PMID- 1195878
TI  - A coaxial ultrasonic pneumotachometer.

PMID- 1195879
TI  - Theoretical aspects of the attenuation of pressure pulses within cerebrospinal
      fluid pathways.

PMID- 1195881
TI  - Active filters: some simple design methods for biomedical workers.

PMID- 1195880
TI  - A model for gradation of tension--recruitment and rate coding.

PMID- 1195882
TI  - Filter characteristics of pacemaker amplifiers.

PMID- 1195883
TI  - Theoretical and experimental investigation of a technique for obtaining
      continuous cardiac volumes using thermal dilution.

PMID- 1195884
TI  - Change in blood conductivity with flow rate.

PMID- 1195886
TI  - Evaluation of an artificial arm on the assumption that the ability of a natural
      arm is one hundred percent.

PMID- 1195885
TI  - A battery of tests for evaluating steadiness in clinical trials.

PMID- 1195887
TI  - Infrared isobestic region for whole blood.

PMID- 1195888
TI  - Stimulator for operant titration of threshold levels.

PMID- 1195889
TI  - Changing student nurse attitudes towards quadriplegics by use of television.

PMID- 1195890
TI  - Four colour offset lithography in a medical illustration department.

PMID- 1195891
TI  - An alternative method of producing colour line slides.

PMID- 1195892
TI  - Large-field darkground illumination.

PMID- 1195893
TI  - Gross specimen photography--a survey of lighting and background techniques.

PMID- 1195894
TI  - Illuminating plastic appliances for photography.

PMID- 1195895
TI  - A simple photographic image intensification process for EM.

PMID- 1195896
TI  - A glossary of prefixes, suffixes and abbreviations.

PMID- 1195897
TI  - The community hospital and regional health care responsibilities--how to do it!

PMID- 1195898
TI  - Lay-professional conflict in a Canadian community health center: a case report.
AB  - Early in 1974, the entire medical staff resigned from the Regina Community Clinic
      over a dispute with the lay board of directors. The turbulent history of this
      pioneer consumer-sponsored clinic is reviewed and documented. The affair provides
      a case study in the conflict between the traditional professional dominance of
      doctors and the demand of consumers for a role in decision-making in areas of
      health care delivery.

PMID- 1195899
TI  - Medical ideologies in conflict.
AB  - During the 1960s, the growing dissent within the medical profession heightened
      the ideological differences among physicians. This paper focuses on the
      ideological differences among three groups within medicine: traditionalists,
      liberals, and radicals. A content analysis of selected medical editorials and
      articles during 1972 was used to identify differences in ideological content for
      the following areas: professional unity; authority; self-regulations; self
      education; the role of health professionals; manpower; medical education;
      research; health care; financing health care; and governmental relations.

PMID- 1195900
TI  - Use of traditional Indian medicine among urban native Americans.
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic explanation of the use of
      traditional medicine among the native American population living in the San
      Francisco Bay area. Several hypotheses concerning the factors associated with
      this behavior are tested. These include tribal grouping, socioeconomic and
      sociocultural factors, as well as the relationship between traditional medicine
      and modern Anglo medicine. The analysis is based on a probability sample of 277
      native American families, systematically drawn from a specially prepared list of
      5,000 in three Bay area counties with the largest native American population
      (Alameda, San Francisco, and Santa Clara). Traditional medicine was used by
      almost one of three families in the sample and it is shown that use of
      traditional medicine, although related to sociocultural factors, did not detract
      from the use of modern Anglo medicine.

PMID- 1195901
TI  - Inequality of the services received by individuals: a suggested index and an
      illustrative application.
AB  - Population groups that are homogeneous with respect to such factors as insurance
      status, income level, and proximity to sources of care can still exhibit great
      internal inequality in the amount of care received by individuals. A statistical
      measure of this inequality is proposed and its application illustrated on
      employee groups living in two underdoctored areas. Utilization of physician
      services in these areas was found to be significantly less equal (as well as
      lower) than in comparable groups who live in areas with higher ratio of
      physicians to total population.

PMID- 1195902
TI  - Impact of integration of mental health service and comprehensive medical care.
AB  - Effect of the introduction of mental health services into a comprehensive prepaid
      medical care facility was studied. The subjects were two independent subsamples
      of all individuals seen in the mental health service for the first time in 1967,
      and two comparison groups not seen in the mental health service. Data consisted
      of medical visits from 1962 through 1969 and mental health visits from 1967
      through 1969. Insufficient support was found for the assertion that mental health
      services produce savings of medical care. Some of the complex interactions
      between care for somatic and mental health treatment variables, and points for
      future study are noted.

PMID- 1195903
TI  - An examination of the effect of market demographic and competitive
      characteristics on gross margins of prescription drugs.
AB  - This study was carried out to determine the influence of selected demographic and
      competitive market factors on community pharmacy operations. Data were collected
      from a panel of pharmacies located in large mid-western city. A sample of 300
      prescriptions was obtained from each of the panel pharmacies. From the
      prescriptions, the gross margins and the addresses of the patrons were
      determined. A profile of the demographic and competitive factors was determined.
      Eight research hypotheses were tested. The variables were subjected to regression
      analysis with per cent markup and dollar markup-on-retail being the dependent
      variables in each case. The simple regression analysis did reflect a significant
      relationship between select competitive variables and per cent markup. The
      stepwise regressions indicated a significant relationship between all demographic
      and competitive market factors and per cent markup. No significant relationships
      were found in the simple regression treatment of a dollar markup and the market
      variables. The stepwise regression routine yielded a nonsignificant relationship
      between dollar markup and all market variables except income and education. It
      can be concluded that pricing in this market is reflective of both demographic
      and competitive market factors of the trading area.

PMID- 1195904
TI  - Resources utilized for the care of surgical patients in the emergency department.
AB  - A classification system for surgical patients and a quantitative index of
      services have been developed to determine the resources utilized for medical care
      in an urban hospital emergency department. Five classes of surgical patients
      based on patient management reflect, the amount of diagnostic and therapeutic
      work performed. Quantitative estimates of workload and rates at which services
      are delivered to each patient class are included. This classification of patients
      which is derived from a natural grouping of common patient problems with common
      patterns of management, can be an important aid to effective analysis and
      planning of medical care in outpatient settings.

PMID- 1195906
TI  - Data retrieval in the coronary care unit: prospective vs. retrospective.
AB  - A standardized system for recording patient care data for medical audit was
      developed and implemented in six community hospitals' coronary care units. It
      utilized the principles of predefining the data base and having both nurses and
      physicians participate. This system was compared with conventional retrospective
      record abstraction as a source of information for medical audit. The results
      suggest that the proposed system produces slightly more clinical data relevant to
      diagnostic impressions. Accuracy is comparable to that achieved by standard
      computerized abstraction procedures. Such an approach is readily adaptable for
      implementing medical audit to meet the requirements currently imposed upon
      community hospitals.

PMID- 1195905
TI  - Computer-aided management of hypertensive patients.
AB  - A computerized system has been developed which potentially enables a single
      expert physician to monitor a large number of hypertensive patients being seen at
      distant locations. The patients may receive their care directly from primary care
      physicians or nurse-physician surrogates. Primary care physicians can use the
      same data bank to monitor their own panels of patients. These goals are
      accomplished through a special purpose, interactive programming language which
      can be used to perform sophisticated data retrieval along different complexes of
      parameters. The physician is able to query the computer, via a terminal, about
      any group of patient he defines and have displayed to him the clinical data
      requested. The system is open-ended, enabling one query to lead to another. Four
      hundred and ninety-three patients have been entered into this program so far,
      including 29 patients with diastolic pressures greater than 115, 92 with
      diastolic pressures of 104 to 114, and 372 with diastolics of 90 to 104. Among
      patients who have been on therapy for at least six weeks, 80 per cent were at
      goal blood pressure. Ten to 14 weeks after therapy was initiated, 69 per cent of
      all patients in the program were at goal blood pressure. The system provides a
      useful means of monitoring a large hypertensive population of patients. Such a
      system can result in a more efficient utilization of medical personnel and can
      bring the consultative services of highly trained specialists to larger segments
      of the population.

PMID- 1195908
TI  - [Basis for medical decisions].

PMID- 1195907
TI  - A demographic evaluation of acute drug reactions in a hospital emergency room.
AB  - This study investigated a sample of persons treated for acute drug reactions
      (overdoses) in a hospital emergency room setting to determine the general
      characteristics of these drug abusers and the incidence of drugs responsible for
      their admission. Detailed information is provided on the race and sex composition
      of these drug abusing patinets and comparisons are made with the general
      population of the area serviced by the hospital. The sample consisted of 1,128
      persons who entered Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Dade County, Florida during
      1972. A profile of the typical admission for emergency care of a nonfatal
      overdose reveals a white female, who is 18 to 24 years old and who has overdosed
      on a single legally manufactured and distributed substance, usually a sedative.
      Implications from the data for changes in health care delivery for acute drug
      reactions are provided.

PMID- 1195909
TI  - [Early diagnosis of genetically determined diseases].

PMID- 1195910
TI  - [How much does the "unconscious" patient know of his condition].

PMID- 1195911
TI  - [Treatment of psoriasis with UV-light, tar and psoralens].

PMID- 1195912
TI  - [Model for evaluation of antiarrhythmic drugs in ambulatory patients].

PMID- 1195913
TI  - [Gynecological screening in Sweden. Report of results and comparison with the
      cancer registry].

PMID- 1195914
TI  - [Pacemaker treatment in the neonatal period].

PMID- 1195915
TI  - [Brain abscess in children with congenital cyanotic heart defects].

PMID- 1195916
TI  - [The use of calcitonin as exemplified by 2 cases].

PMID- 1195917
TI  - [Bronchofiberscopy--improved diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases].

PMID- 1195918
TI  - [Eosinophilic lung infiltrate caused by Tetracycline?].

PMID- 1195919
TI  - [Early detection of hearing impairment--a part of the BOEL test critically
      evaluated].

PMID- 1195920
TI  - [Yersiniosis enterocolitica serotype 9 in northern Sweden].

PMID- 1195921
TI  - [Plan for coordinated continuing and graduate education in ENT].

PMID- 1195922
TI  - [Incomplete data on computer-based registries].

PMID- 1195923
TI  - [Asbestos, tobacco and lung function].

PMID- 1195924
TI  - [All mesothelioma cases in cancer registries are going to be studied].

PMID- 1195925
TI  - [Editorial: Neurasthenia and dementia--long-time effects of thinners].

PMID- 1195926
TI  - [Editorial: Proof of death--do-it-yourself].

PMID- 1195927
TI  - [Letter: Negligence in terminal care].

PMID- 1195928
TI  - [Diagnosis of breast cancer].

PMID- 1195929
TI  - [Health control for breast cancer. The Sandviken study 1974].

PMID- 1195930
TI  - [Hemoglobin--an environmental problem, waste product or food ?].

PMID- 1195931
TI  - [Alcohols--dangerous igniting fluids].

PMID- 1195932
TI  - [Insufficient grounds for performing sterilizations].

PMID- 1195933
TI  - [Fatal effects of halothane anesthesia].

PMID- 1195934
TI  - [Appendicitis or peritonitis].

PMID- 1195935
TI  - [Debate on drug discount and unnecessary prescriptions].

PMID- 1195936
TI  - [Recruitment of Swedish health personnel going to Saudi Arabia: The Society of
      Physicians demands better working conditions].

PMID- 1195937
TI  - [Medical computer-based registrier are necessary].

PMID- 1195938
TI  - [Individual identification reports are necessary].

PMID- 1195939
TI  - [Editorial: Rational training in hospitals].

PMID- 1195940
TI  - [Blood problems from international and national viewpoint].

PMID- 1195941
TI  - [Smoking and heart infarct].

PMID- 1195942
TI  - [Significance of checking the position of umbilical catheters in the newborn
      infant].

PMID- 1195943
TI  - [Diagnosis and resistance testing with dip slides in urinary infection].

PMID- 1195945
TI  - [Letter: Ambulances in health care].

PMID- 1195944
TI  - [Crisis psychotherapy in plastic induration of the penis].

PMID- 1195946
TI  - [Allied health board on abortion: Patients have to be favored more than the
      personnel].

PMID- 1195947
TI  - [Is self education necessary for a physician].

PMID- 1195948
TI  - [Free and voluntary sterilization].

PMID- 1195949
TI  - [Fetoscopy, a new method for the prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases].

PMID- 1195950
TI  - [Aspiration cytologic control of the endometrium].

PMID- 1195951
TI  - [Health screening of 50-year-olds employed at the Gothenburg municipality].

PMID- 1195952
TI  - [Mycotoxic nephropathy].

PMID- 1195953
TI  - [Occurrence of molds and mycotoxins in foods in Sweden].

PMID- 1195954
TI  - [Toxin formation in molds].

PMID- 1195956
TI  - The development of English morphology: an acquisition model.

PMID- 1195955
TI  - [Litarex (Dumex)--a new lithium preparation].

PMID- 1195957
TI  - Effects of speech rate on personality perception.

PMID- 1195958
TI  - A method for investigating the perceptual segmentation of speech.

PMID- 1195959
TI  - Speech problems in cerebral palsy children.

PMID- 1195960
TI  - Artifacts in the registration and interpretation of speech-process variables.

PMID- 1195961
TI  - Effects of frequency "recoding" on the articulation learning of perceptively deaf
      children.

PMID- 1195962
TI  - On the child's acquisition of semantic structure underlying the wordfield of
      prepositions.

PMID- 1195963
TI  - Conservation surgery for epidermoid carcinoma of the marginal area (aryepiglottic
      fold extension).

PMID- 1195964
TI  - Conservation surgery for epidermoid carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.

PMID- 1195965
TI  - Staging as seen in serial sections.

PMID- 1195966
TI  - Glottic cancer with extension to the arytenoid.
AB  - Hemilaryngectomy with removal of a greater part or all of the arytenoid was done
      in 79 patients with good functional results with an overall cure rate of 94
      percent. The survival rate for the primary modality of therapy was 90 percent.

PMID- 1195967
TI  - Laryngeal structure following microcauterization.
AB  - The paper supports and reaffirms the objectives of contemporary laryngology in
      the treatment of cancer of this organ. These objectives are, first and foremost,
      the eradication of the tumor, and second, the preservation of function. A
      relatively recent contribution to the "state of the art" has been the development
      of the field of microlaryngology. The introduction of the surgical microscope has
      provided the laryngologist with better means to judge the type, localization and
      extent of neoplastic lesions. Reports indicate that superficial limited
      carcinomas of the larynx with good vocal cord mobility can be successfully
      treated by vocal cord stripping and/or radiotherapy. This paper presents the
      serious challenge posed by these limited tumors when they recur after
      radiotherapy. In a selected number of these patients radical surgery has been
      prevented by treating these recurrent tumors with the microcautery. Some of these
      patients, so treated, have been free of disease for more than three years after
      their recurrent tumors were destroyed with the microcautery. During this time
      these patients have enjoyed adequate voices. Extensive studies that have been
      performed in dogs with the microcautery indicate that: a. An excellent recovery
      of the larynx is the rule, if microcauterization is carried out superficially.
      These initial experiments were performed on 10 dogs, duplicating the type and
      extension of microcauterization, as this procedure is usually performed
      clinically in the treatment of patients. b. The anterior and posterior
      commissures of the larynx were found understandably vulnerable to severe degrees
      of cauterization.

PMID- 1195968
TI  - Intratracheal thyroid.
AB  - Ectopic thyroid tissue within the trachea (intratracheal or endotracheal tissue)
      is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction. The symptoms may be classical or, as
      in most cases in which the voice is not affected, the first sign may be a wheeze.
      This may result in the symptoms being mistaken for asthma. The presence of a
      submucosal upper tracheal mass is quite unusual. If one is familiar with the fact
      that thyroid tissue may occur in this location, then this diagnosis should be
      considered in patients with such symptoms, and the appropriate diagnostic studies
      and surgical management should be instituted. The present case report entailed a
      56-year-old female who was admitted to the hospital after having been treated for
      a year in an outlying area. She had increasing shortness of breath and wheezing
      and had been treated several times for asthma. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed an
      upper tracheal submucosal mass which was confirmed by direct laryngoscopy and by
      tomography. Biopsies were taken confirming nodular ectopic thyroid tissue. The
      patient was operated on through a cervical incision and a tracheal flap was
      elevated in order to carry out a submucosal dissection of this mass. The patient
      has done well for more than a year following surgery, and histologically this
      lesion was benign in the thyroid tissue.

PMID- 1195969
TI  - Cricopharyngeal myotomy in the treatment of dysphagia.
AB  - Deglutition is a complex neuromuscular act. Alterations in anatomy and physiology
      may lead to dysphagia. The role of the cricopharyngeus appears to be the keystone
      in the rehabilitation of many patients with dysphagia. This paper examines the
      physiology of swallowing as well as the patho-physiology of its abberations.
      Techniques and complications of cricopharyngeal myotomy are presented. Cases of
      dysphagia due to ablative surgery of the head and neck, dermatomyositis,
      cerebrovascular accidents, and cricopharyngeal achalasia in which cricopharyngeal
      myotomy was utilized, are reported. It would appear from this small number of
      cases, that cricopharyngeal myotomy is indicated in the rehabilitation of
      dysphagia in patients with varied disease states.

PMID- 1195970
TI  - "Smokers' larynx" and carcinoma of the larynx in Syrian hamsters exposed to
      cigarette smoke.
AB  - Several groups of investigators have recently produced carcinoma of the larynx in
      Syrian hamsters. This study reports on the effects of cigarette smoke from
      Kentucky reference cigarettes in an inbred strain (BIO 15.16) of Syrian hamsters.
      After "smoking" five days each week for two years, 20 percent of the surviving
      animals had cancer of the larynx; 40 percent had severe epithelial changes. These
      observations emphasize the role of cigarette smoke in the genesis of laryngeal
      cancer and respiratory tract cancer in general. An experimental method is now
      available for comparative studies of cigarettes and as a quide toward less
      hazardous smoking materials.

PMID- 1195971
TI  - Etiologic factors in non-suppurative otitis media.
AB  - Two observations in non-suppurative otitis media, namely the serous fluid and the
      tympanic membrane retraction, may have separate explanations as to the etiologic
      factors. The first is the obstruction of the collecting lymphatic tubules of the
      middle ear and eustachian tube as they drain to the retropharyngeal lymphatics.
      This leads to a transudation of fluid in the middle ear or serous fluid. The
      second observation, retraction of the tympanic membrane, may be due to an absence
      or significant reduction of the surface tension lowering substance (Surface
      Active Membrane) of the eustachian tube, preventing the transmission of air to
      the middle ear from the nasopharynx.

PMID- 1195972
TI  - Hearing loss of acquired syphilis: diagnosis confirmed by incudectomy.
AB  - Syphilis, both congenital and acquired, may cause sensori-neural hearing loss.
      Congenital syphilis presents in two forms: early (infantile), and late (tardive).
      Acquired syphilis, both secondary and tertiary, may cause deafness. The clinical
      course of the acquired and congenital forms are similar. Sensori-neural hearing
      loss with low discrimination scores may affect both ears simultaneously or
      sequentially, and vestibular complaints are common. A clinical diagnosis can be
      made on the basis of history, the presence of other stigmata of syphilis, and
      serological tests, including the FTA-ABS. The histopathology of acquired and
      congenital forms is indistinguishable and is essentially twofold: first, syphilis
      may cause a miningo-neurolabyrinthitis with round cell infiltration of the
      labyrinth and VIIIth nerve as the predominant lesion in early congenital syphilis
      and the acute meningitides of secondary and tertiary acquired syphilis. Second,
      syphilis may cause a perivascular round cell osteitis of the temporal bone with
      secondary involvement of the membranous labyrinth in both late congenital and
      acquired late latent or tertiary syphilis. Endolymphatic hydrops may be seen in
      both the congenital and acquired forms. A case of bilateral sequential sudden
      deafness due to acquired syphilis is presented. A histological diagnosis of
      syphilitic involvement of the temporal bone was made by incudectomy. Treatment
      with prednisone and penicillin over a three-month period resulted in return of
      good cochlear function in one ear.

PMID- 1195973
TI  - Cochlear changes from noise, kanamycin and ageing. I. Computer processing of
      histological data in the organ of Corti. II. Potentiating effects of noise and
      kanamycin. III. The organ of Corti in ageing guinea pigs.

PMID- 1195974
TI  - Disorders in glutathione metabolism.

PMID- 1195975
TI  - The effect of probenecid on catecholamine metabolites in human cerebrospinal
      fluid analyzed by mass fragmentography.

PMID- 1195976
TI  - The effect of dietary pectin on serum lipoprotein cholesterol in rabbits.

PMID- 1195977
TI  - Inhibitory effect of iron on the uptake of lead by erythrocytes.

PMID- 1195978
TI  - Catecholamine content of the carotid body in cats ventilated with 8 - 40% oxygen.

PMID- 1195979
TI  - Subcellular distribution and characterization of human liver aldehyde
      dehydrogenase fractions.

PMID- 1195980
TI  - Folate transport in the choroid plexus.

PMID- 1195981
TI  - Inhibition of small intestinal mucosal and smooth muscle cell function by
      ricinoleic acid and other surfactants.

PMID- 1195982
TI  - Do anticonvulsant drugs exert protective effect against hypoxia?

PMID- 1195983
TI  - Identification of opiate receptor binding in intact animals.

PMID- 1195984
TI  - Evidence for the metabolism of bumetanide in man.

PMID- 1195985
TI  - Inhibitory action of melatonin on a pineal antigonadotropin.

PMID- 1195986
TI  - Thermoregulatory responses of restrained versus unrestrained rabbits.

PMID- 1195987
TI  - Centrally-mediated carcdiovascular responses to 5-HT.

PMID- 1195988
TI  - Effect of the opiate antagonist naloxone on body temperature in rats.

PMID- 1195989
TI  - Dopamine receptor binding: differentiation of agonist and antagonist states with
      3H-dopamine and 3H-haloperidol.

PMID- 1195990
TI  - Beta-adrenoreceptor blockade in the conscious rabbit: effects on plasma renin
      activity and blood pressure.

PMID- 1195991
TI  - Increase in rat brain acetylcholine induced by choline or deanol.

PMID- 1195992
TI  - Different alterations in the development of the noradrenergic innervation of the
      cerebellum and the brain stem produced by neonatal 6-hydroxydopa.

PMID- 1195993
TI  - The nature of the pituitary gonadotropins and their role in ovulation in a
      urodele amphibian (Ambystoma tigrinum).

PMID- 1195994
TI  - Ethanol antagonism by 5-hydroxymethyl cellular compounds.

PMID- 1195995
TI  - Observations on the central mechanism of acetylsalicylate antipyresis.

PMID- 1195996
TI  - Lipogenesis in the liver and adipose tissue of the cardiomyopathic hamster.

PMID- 1195997
TI  - Changes in muscle mitochondrial lipid composition resulting from training and
      exhaustive exercise.

PMID- 1195998
TI  - Blood-brain barrier to 6-hydroxydopamine: uptake by heart and brain.

PMID- 1195999
TI  - Decrease of calcium turnover during the onset of mineralocorticoid hypertension
      in the rat.

PMID- 1196000
TI  - Prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit renal medulla.

PMID- 1196001
TI  - Cannabis demasculinizes rats but is not estrogenic.

PMID- 1196002
TI  - Comparative in vivo distribution of opiate agonists and antagonists by means of
      double isotope techniques.

PMID- 1196003
TI  - Multiple forms of monoamine oxidase in rabbit platelets.

PMID- 1196004
TI  - Enhancement of apomorphine-induced inhibition of vocalisation afterdischarge
      response by theophylline.

PMID- 1196005
TI  - Neurochemical correlates of alloxan diabetes: brain aminotransferase
      heterogeneity in the rat.

PMID- 1196006
TI  - The effect of magnesium deficiency on serum aldosterone in rats fed two levels of
      sodium.

PMID- 1196007
TI  - Effects of the aminonucleoside of puromycin on kidney cortex sulfhydryl and
      disulfide-containing components and their respective oxidoreductase activities.

PMID- 1196008
TI  - The additional Sakaguchi positive component in chymotrypsin A alpha.

PMID- 1196009
TI  - Muscle mechanical changes following denervation and their modification by use of
      an inhibitor of RNA synthesis.

PMID- 1196010
TI  - Use of genetic analysis to test the potential role of serotonin in alcohol
      preference.

PMID- 1196011
TI  - Partial purification of rabbit hind brain tryptophan hydroxylase by affinity
      chromatography.

PMID- 1196012
TI  - Morphine analgesia: 2-way cross tolerance between systemic and intracerebral
      (periaqueductal gray) administrations.

PMID- 1196013
TI  - Brain 2-phenylethylamine as a major mediator for the central actions of
      amphetamine and methylphenidate.

PMID- 1196014
TI  - Biochemical aspects of the adaptation of hemoglobin-oxygen affinity of eels to
      hypoxia.

PMID- 1196015
TI  - Synthesis and analysis of phytyl and phytenoyl wax esters.
AB  - An efficient procedure for preparing phytenic acid methyl ester, free of isomers,
      from phytol is reported. Phytyl phytenate and other isoprenoid wax esters were
      synthesized. Gas liquid chromatography of these wax esters and other compounds
      related to phytol and phytenic acid is described. The alkyl constituents of
      isoprenoid wax esters can be analyzed after alkaline methanolysis and the acyl
      constituents after acidic methanolysis. The applicability of these methods to
      natural mixtures was demonstrated with wax esters from mosses which contained
      both types of isoprenoids and with wax esters from healthy and frost damaged
      grass which contained phytol, but not phytenic acid.

PMID- 1196016
TI  - Failure to demonstrate degradation of (4-14C) cholesterol to volatile
      hydrocarbons in rats and in human fecal homogenates.
AB  - The inability of previous workers to recover completely the radioactivity from
      ingested [4-14C] cholesterol has led to the hypothesis that the colonic flora of
      some individuals degrade the sterol nucleus to volatile hydrocarbons,
      particularly CH4. In the present investigation, the production of radioactive
      volatiles was measured following incubation of [4-14C] cholesterol with 8 human
      fecal homogenates or after instillation of the labeled sterol into the cecum of 3
      rats housed in a closed rebreathing system. Three of the 8 homogenates and each
      of the 3 rats produced copious CH4. However, analysis by combustion demonstrated
      no radioactivity above background in the volatile headspace of the homogenates or
      the gas space of the closed system housing the rats, indicating that less than
      0.001% of the number 4 carbon of [4-14C] cholesterol could have been converted to
      volatile hydrocarbons. This study, therefore, provides no support for the concept
      that volatile products account for the incomplete recovery of ingested sterols
      observed in certain subjects. However, this hypothesis can not be excluded
      entirely until similar results are obtained with subjects who can be shown to
      degrade cholesterol.

PMID- 1196017
TI  - Examination of acetolysis products of phosphatidylcholine by gas chromatography
      mass spectrometry.
AB  - A comparison of monoacetyldiglycerides obtained from authentic
      phosphatidylcholines by acetolysis with those obtained by phospholipase C
      acetylation was made to examine the intermolecular acyl migration, the
      intramolecular acyl migration between C-1 and C-2, and the formation of 1,3
      isomer in the acetolysis reaction. Egg yolk phosphatidylcholine also was used. It
      was revealed that is acetolysis, the intermolecular acyl migration and selective
      degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids did not take place at all. The
      intramolecular acyl migration, including the formation of 1,3-isomer, occurred to
      a small extent. Appreciable difference was not found in comparison of molecular
      species compositions of monoacetyldiglycerides derived by both methods from egg
      yolk phosphatidylcholine, except small differences found in the contents of two
      kinds of molecular species.

PMID- 1196018
TI  - Comparison of phospholipid composition of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
      cells obtained from logarithmic and stationary phases of growth.
AB  - Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus cells were grown in tissue culture and
      harvested at logarithmic and stationary phases of development. The phospholipids
      were extracted, separated into lipid classes, and fatty acid composition of each
      fraction determined. The phosphatidylethanolamine fraction was the major lipid
      (42-54%). With aging, the A. aegypti cells showed an increase in polyenes in the
      phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine fractions and in monoenes and
      polyenes in the phosphatidylinositol fraction. The lysophosphatidylcholine
      fraction had an increase in chain length of the fatty acids with aging of the A.
      aegypti cells. The A. albopictus cells, with aging, showed increases in chain
      length and in the relative percentage of polyenes in the lysophosphatidylcholine,
      phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine fractions. In the
      phosphatidylinositol fraction, chain elongation of fatty acids occurred as the
      cells aged. In the ceramide phosphorylcholine fraction, there were increases in
      saturation and chain elongation of the fatty acids from the logarithmic to the
      stationary phase of the A. albopictus cells. An increase in polyenes was observed
      with aging of the cells in the phosphatidylethanolamine fraction.

PMID- 1196019
TI  - Furanoid fatty acids from fish lipids.
AB  - Fatty acids, recently reported as constituents of certain fish lipids, were
      identified to be derivatives of furan (furanoid fish fatty acids). 12,15-Epoxy
      13,14-dimethyleicosa-12,14-dienoic acid is predominant among the furan acids and
      is associated with bis-homologs in regard to chain length. Monomethyl acids, such
      as 12,15-epoxy-13-methyleicosa-12,14-dienoic, are present in appreciable amounts.
      The structures were concluded from oxidative degradations, from mass spectrometry
      of methyl esters of the novel acids and fatty acids derived from them by opening
      the ring, and from nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and Raman spectra. The
      results from chemical procedures and from spectrometric methods were in agreement
      with those obtained with authentic methyl 9,12-epoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate. The
      number of substituents at the furan ring greatly influences hydrogenation,
      hydrogenolysis, and hydrolysis reactions of the ring.

PMID- 1196020
TI  - Distribution of cholesteryl esters and other lipids in subcellular fractions of
      the adrenal gland of the pig.
AB  - Total lipids from whole pig adrenal glands as well as from their mitochondria,
      microsomes, liposomes, and cell sap were extracted and fractionated first into
      neutral lipids and phospholipids. The highest percentage of neutral lipids was
      found in the cell sap, and the lowest in the microsomal fraction. Neutral lipids
      were subfractionated into cholesteryl esters, free cholesterol, triglycerides,
      and free fatty acids. Cholesteryl esters were distributed throughout the
      liposomes. Free fatty acids represented a substantial part of cell sap lipids,
      but were present also in the mitochondria, microsomes, and liposomes. Fatty acids
      of all fractions were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography. Free fatty acids and
      cholesteryl ester fatty acids from all cellular fractions were similar in
      composition and were characterized by considerable quantities of linoleic and
      arachidonic acid. Triglycerides were characterized by an increased percentage of
      palmitic and a low content of arachidonic acid. Phosphatidyl choline,
      phosphatidyl ethanolamine, diphosphatidyl glycerol, and sphingomyelin plus
      phosphatidyl inositol were isolated from the lipids by preparative thin layer
      chromatography, and their fatty acids analyzed by gas liquid chromatography.
      Phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine from mitochondria, microsomes,
      and cell sap were very similar in respect of their fatty acid composition.
      Sphingomyelin plus phosphatidyl inositol was characterized by a high content of
      C22:2omega6. Diphosphatidyl glycerol was present in mitochondria and in the cell
      sap.

PMID- 1196021
TI  - Subnanogram detection of t-butyldimethylsilyl fatty acid esters by mass
      fragmentography.
AB  - The mass spectra of t-butyldimethylsilyl fatty acid esters all display a
      pronounced (M-C4H9)+ ion. The proportion of the total ionization carried by this
      fragment, particularly for saturated and mono-, di-, and tri-unsaturated acid
      derivatives, facilitates their qualitative analysis at the subanogram level by
      mass fragmentography.

PMID- 1196022
TI  - Mass spectrometric localization of methyl branching in fatty acids using
      acylpyrrolidines.
AB  - Localization of a methyl branch in a fatty acid molecule by mass spectrometry is
      facilitated by using the pyrrolidide rather than the methyl ester. Branched fatty
      acid methyl esters are converted to pyrrolidides and are than analyzed by gas
      chromatography and mass spectrometry. The diagnostic fragments indicate position
      of the methyl branch.

PMID- 1196023
TI  - [Radioisotope diagnosis of metastatic disease of the lymphatic system].

PMID- 1196024
TI  - [Diagnostic value of polyprojection scanning of the liver in liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1196025
TI  - [Study of K42 metabolism by the method of whole body radiometry in patients with
      myopathies].

PMID- 1196026
TI  - [Pre- and postoperative radiotherapy of laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 1196027
TI  - [Radioisotope myelocisternoscintigraphy].

PMID- 1196028
TI  - [Radiobiological analysis of cancer curability depending on the radiotherapy
      dosage and its timely distribution based on the example of skin cancer].

PMID- 1196029
TI  - [Radiation protection of medical personnel during clinical use of radioactive
      beads].

PMID- 1196030
TI  - [Roentgenological "study" or "procedure"].

PMID- 1196031
TI  - [Calculation of integral doses and evaluation criteria in the use of forming
      appliances in radioisotope teletherapy].

PMID- 1196032
TI  - [Selection of photomaterials for recording in medical radioisotope scanning].

PMID- 1196033
TI  - [Dynamics of chromosome aberrations and mitotic activity in human bone marrow
      cells after single local gamma-irradiation with a dose of 150 rad].

PMID- 1196034
TI  - [Diagnosis of increased mobility of the kidneys in children with the aid of
      radioisotope renography].

PMID- 1196035
TI  - [Modification of the method of determination of Fe59 inclusion into the
      erythrocytes].

PMID- 1196036
TI  - [Symptom of para-esophageal shadow of the tumor in x-ray diagnosis and evaluation
      of the effectiveness of radiotherapy of esophageal cancer].

PMID- 1196037
TI  - [Medical radioisotope scintigraphy (physico-technical methods and means of
      collection of information)].

PMID- 1196038
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities of radioisotope sialography].

PMID- 1196039
TI  - [Local injuries after brain irradiation with a narrow beam of protons].

PMID- 1196040
TI  - [Irradiation of the pituitary gland with protons with 1000 MeV energy].

PMID- 1196041
TI  - [Use of Cf252 for therapy of tumors].

PMID- 1196042
TI  - [Use of Cf252 for treatment of malignant skin neoplasms].

PMID- 1196043
TI  - [Separation of Am241 from Pu239 during transition from solution to bone tissue].

PMID- 1196044
TI  - [Results of the x-ray therapy of osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1196045
TI  - [Planning of short-range x-ray therapy].

PMID- 1196046
TI  - [Comparison of the accuracy of construction of topographic anatomical charts
      according to scanning roentgenograms and tomograms].

PMID- 1196047
TI  - [Mathematical model for planning statistical methods of radiation therapy].

PMID- 1196048
TI  - [Clinical aspects of radiation therapy of nontumorous diseases].

PMID- 1196049
TI  - [Realization of a plan for radiation teletherapy].

PMID- 1196050
TI  - [Results of clinical physiological observations of persons who have undergone
      occupational irradiation].

PMID- 1196051
TI  - [Functional state of the sympathetic-adrenal system in occupational irradiation].

PMID- 1196052
TI  - [Postradiational changes in the concentration of deoxyribonucleosides in the
      blood plasma and urine].

PMID- 1196053
TI  - [Action of external beta-irradiation on the morphological structures of the
      skin].

PMID- 1196054
TI  - [Use of plastic scintillators for counting I-125-containing samples].

PMID- 1196055
TI  - [Enzymatic diagnosis of radiation hepatopathy].

PMID- 1196056
TI  - [Modeling of a local radiation injury to the heart].

PMID- 1196057
TI  - Method for double-contrast study of the colon.

PMID- 1196058
TI  - Labeling slides of radiographs.

PMID- 1196059
TI  - Practical approach to some problem personality traits.

PMID- 1196060
TI  - Two minutes with diabetes.

PMID- 1196061
TI  - Penetrating wounds of the heart and great vessels: a formidable challenge.

PMID- 1196062
TI  - What's your diagnosis?

PMID- 1196063
TI  - What does the EKG show?

PMID- 1196064
TI  - What's your diagnosis?

PMID- 1196065
TI  - What's your diagnosis?

PMID- 1196066
TI  - What's your diagnosis?

PMID- 1196067
TI  - From the medical examiner's file.

PMID- 1196068
TI  - Stroke, a clinical and pathological introduction.

PMID- 1196069
TI  - Physician's potential liability to third parties.

PMID- 1196070
TI  - Finger joint replacement with silastic implant.

PMID- 1196071
TI  - Management of adult hip disease.

PMID- 1196072
TI  - Menstruation and menstrual physiology.

PMID- 1196073
TI  - Allergic reaction to contrast material used during I.V.P. (intravenous pyelogram)
      -examination of defendant hospital radiologist (also named as defendant)-
      malpractice--part III.

PMID- 1196074
TI  - [Peripheral arterial circulation disorders--diagnosis in general practice].

PMID- 1196075
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of conservative therapy of peripheral arterial
      circulation disorders].

PMID- 1196076
TI  - [Arterial occlusions in the leg--when can and should the surgeon operate?].

PMID- 1196077
TI  - [Treatment of peripheral circulation disorders with catheters].

PMID- 1196078
TI  - [Treatment of ulcers and necrosis].

PMID- 1196079
TI  - [Arterial thrombi, prevention and fibrinolytic therapy].

PMID- 1196080
TI  - [Irrigation of edemas and thrombosis].

PMID- 1196081
TI  - [Effects of pentoxyphylline on the amount of ATP in erythrocytes].

PMID- 1196082
TI  - [Demonstration of the effect of pentoxyphylline in arterial circulation disorders
      (double-blind study using Trental 400)].

PMID- 1196083
TI  - [The Candida prostato-urethritis].

PMID- 1196084
TI  - [Pathogenesis and morphology of venous thrombosis].

PMID- 1196085
TI  - [The Paget-v. Schroetter syndrome].

PMID- 1196086
TI  - [The thrombosis of superficial venous system].

PMID- 1196087
TI  - [Diagnosis of venous thromboses using nuclear-medicine methods].

PMID- 1196089
TI  - [Effect of Pentoxyphylline on blood viscosity and erythrocyte surface].

PMID- 1196088
TI  - [Changes of blood-flow and erythrocyte properties in arterial occlusive
      diseases].

PMID- 1196090
TI  - [The cardiotropic effect of the beta receptor blockader Prindolol].

PMID- 1196091
TI  - [Pathology of chronic polyarthritis].

PMID- 1196092
TI  - [Pathology of arthrosis].

PMID- 1196093
TI  - [Pathology of ankylosing spondylitis].

PMID- 1196094
TI  - [Multivariate analysis of metabolic disorders and of diseases associated with
      uricopathy].

PMID- 1196095
TI  - [Morphology of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome].

PMID- 1196096
TI  - [Sensitivity to changes in the weather and social class].

PMID- 1196097
TI  - [Definition, pathomorphology and pathogenesis of malignant hypertension].

PMID- 1196098
TI  - [Ophthalmologic examination methods in malignant hypertension and
      microangiopathies].

PMID- 1196099
TI  - [Anticoagulation in microangiopathies].

PMID- 1196100
TI  - [Possibilities of a rheologic therapy of microangiopathies].

PMID- 1196101
TI  - [Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and consumption coagulopathy in metastasizing,
      mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of stomach].

PMID- 1196102
TI  - [Measurement of the erythrocyte deformability influenced by pentoxifyllin and
      lowmolecular dextran].

PMID- 1196103
TI  - [The effect of pentoxifyllin on the characteristic phenomenons of thrombocyte
      aggregation and fragmentation].

PMID- 1196104
TI  - [Gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acids in 90 various margarine marks].

PMID- 1196105
TI  - [Comsumption coagulopathy in liver diseases. Diagnostic criteria].

PMID- 1196106
TI  - [Diagnosis of prothrombin synthesis disorders in liver diseases].

PMID- 1196107
TI  - [Liver diseases from the viewpoint of laboratory findings].

PMID- 1196108
TI  - [Error-coefficients in clinicophysiological measurements and clinicochemical
      analyses].

PMID- 1196109
TI  - [Criteria for the evaluation of influenza vaccines].

PMID- 1196110
TI  - [Chorionepithelioma].

PMID- 1196111
TI  - [Identification and characterization of a 3rd population of human lymphocytes
      with receptors for IgG (Fc-receptors)].

PMID- 1196112
TI  - [Immunology and immunodiagnosis of hydatidosis].

PMID- 1196113
TI  - [Immunity in mycoses].

PMID- 1196114
TI  - [Cutaneous response to bacillary lepromin and other antigens in leprosy patients
      and their cohabitants].

PMID- 1196115
TI  - Some changes of the canalicular cells in pancreas with dilated acini.

PMID- 1196116
TI  - The effect of methotrexate on disaccharidase activity in the rat.

PMID- 1196117
TI  - Plasma renin activity in acromegaly.

PMID- 1196118
TI  - [Theology of the medical nemesis].

PMID- 1196119
TI  - [Editorial: Ultrastructure of bone marrow and peripheral blood of guinea pigs
      infected with Junin virus].

PMID- 1196120
TI  - Physicians' awareness and attitudes toward the retarded.

PMID- 1196121
TI  - Treatment of childhood encopresis: full cleanliness training.

PMID- 1196122
TI  - Patient workers.

PMID- 1196123
TI  - Effects of improved ward conditions and behavioral treatment of self-help skills.

PMID- 1196124
TI  - Extinction procedures: proceed with caution.

PMID- 1196125
TI  - Editorial: How to exclude mentally retarded children from school.

PMID- 1196126
TI  - Variables affecting the efficacy of a token economy.

PMID- 1196127
TI  - Increasing social play of severely retarded preschoolers with socio--dramatic
      activities.

PMID- 1196128
TI  - Emergence of overt diabetes in offspring of rats with induced latent diabetes.
AB  - A single subdiabetogenic dose of alloxan administered to the weanling rat induces
      a persistent state of latent diabetes which progresses to fasting hyperglycemia
      by the seventh generation. Initial descendants of alloxan-treated animals have
      hyperinsulinism which progresses to insulinopenia in later generations. Later
      generation animals develop ketoacidosis when challenged with a dose of alloxan
      that has no effect on control animals. The significant sex difference in glucose
      tolerance rates disappears as the animals become more diabetic and decreased
      fertility and parity become apparent. One explanation for this data remains the
      hypothesis of paramutation, induced by alloxan, affecting regulator gene
      activity. Light microscopy of diabetic animals shows no pathology.

PMID- 1196129
TI  - Metabolic and histopathologic changes in arteriosclerotic versus
      nonarteriosclerotic rats following isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction
      with superimposed diabetes.
AB  - Male and female, arteriosclerotic and nonarteriosclerotic rats were subjected to
      acute myocardial infarction by two, subcutaneous injections (spaced 24 hr apart)
      of isoproterenol. During the immediate postinfarct repair phase all of the
      experimental animals were made severely diabetic with alloxan. Two weeks later
      the animals were sacrificed and their blood and pertinent organs analyzed for
      biochemical and pathologic changes. Females survived the myocardial infarct with
      superimposed diabetes in significantly greater than males. In addition to marked
      loss in body weight all of the experimental animals developed marked adrenal
      hypertrophy and thymus gland involution, cardiac hypertrophy, and unusual
      increase in ovarian or testicular size and weight. The combined conditions of
      myocardial infarction + diabetes led to substantial increases in serum creatine
      phosphokinase (CPK) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) whereas the
      enzymes glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were
      reduced. Although serum triglyceride levels were greatly elevated, total
      cholesterol and free fatty acids were reduced. All of the animals were severely
      hyperglycemic and had greatly increased B.U.N. levels. Diabetes caused
      hypercalcemia but diabetes + myocardial infarction was associated with a definite
      reduction of this hypercalcemia. Despite marked adrenal hypertrophy, circulating
      Cmpd. B levels were subnormal. The diabetic condition and its attendant
      hyperlipidemia did not alter the morphologic nature of the arterial lesions in
      the breeder rats but the diabetes did cause definite impairment of the usual
      myocardial repair process observed in these rats with a particularly high
      incidence of left ventricular aneurysms in males.

PMID- 1196130
TI  - Effects of mazindol on carbohydrate and insulin metabolism in obesity.
AB  - Oral administration of a single dose of the anorectic agent mazindol to obese
      subjects led to a significant improvement in oral glucose tolerance and a
      concomitant reduction in insulin secretion, but had no effect on the blood
      glucose and plasma insulin responses to glucose given intravenously. Mazindol,
      when given to obese subjects in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet, was
      associated with progressive weight loss and reduction in the fasting levels of
      blood glucose, plasma insulin, serum triglyceride, and serum cholesterol. When
      oral glucose tolerance was retested after 16-20 wk, blood glucose and plasma
      insulin responses were significantly decreased compared with initial control
      values. It is concluded that one effect of mazindol, when given acutely, is to
      impair absorption of glucose from the gut. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism
      after chronic administration of mazindol are entirely consistent with weight
      loss, although a separate effect of the drug cannot be excluded.

PMID- 1196131
TI  - Dissociation of calcium and sodium clearances in patients with hypoparathyroidism
      by infusion of chlorothiazide.
AB  - Previous reports have identified a deficient hypocalciuric response to chronic
      treatment with thiazide diuretics in patients with hypoparathyroidism. The
      present study was designed to ascertain if the acute response to thiazide
      diuretics is impaired in hypoparathyroidism. Five normal subjects and five
      patients with hypoparathyroidism were studied with the renal clearance technique
      during water diuresis. In normal subjects the clearance of calcium/clearance of
      sodium was 0.98 +/- 0.14 before, and 0.33 +/-0.03 during the intravenous infusion
      of chlorothiazide. In patients with hypoparathyroidism the corresponding ratios
      were 1.69 +/- 0.27 and 0.57 +/- 0.10. In both groups the drug-induced fall in
      clearance was 65% of control. The concentration of chlorothiazide in plasma and
      its rate of excretion were comparable in both groups. It is concluded that the
      acute action of thiazides is not impaired in hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 1196132
TI  - Adipocyte metabolism in endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.
AB  - In order to define specific metabolic abnormalities of adipose tissue metabolism
      in endogenous hypertriglyceridemia (EH) patients with this condition were
      compared with normolipidemic controls matched for body fat and fat cell size. In
      vitro the enlarged fat cells of EH were found to have an increased basal and
      noradrenaline-stimulated lipolysis in comparison with cells of the same size from
      normolipidemic controls. The insulin inhibition of noradrenaline-stimulated
      lipolysis was blunted. Lipoprotein lipase activity in these cells was clearly
      depressed. Basal triglyceride synthesis from labeled glucose was low in relation
      to plasma insulin. The reduction of insulin tolerance in vivo suggested that the
      depression of plasma glycerol and free fatty acid concentration was small in EH,
      suggesting that the more detailed findings in vitro were of relevance for in vivo
      conditions. It was suggested that the hyperinsulinemia and decreased glucose
      tolerance of EH may well be responsible for some of the aberrations of adipocyte
      metabolism in EH. The decreased responsiveness of lipolysis to insulin and the
      low lipoprotein lipase activity are, however, findings not typical for enlarged
      fat cells exposed chronically to insulin and might be characteristic for the fat
      cells of EH. It seems of importance to further define the factor(s) responsible
      for these metabolic aberrations, because the abnormalities of the acipocyte
      metabolism in EH may well offer a possible explanation to the pathogenesis of
      that condition.

PMID- 1196133
TI  - The effect of iodine deficiency on thyroid function in the infant rat.
AB  - We have studied rats born to severely iodine-deficient mothers and subsequently
      maintained on a low-iodine diet (LID) from birth to 41 days. They were compared
      with controls born to mothers fed a high-iodine diet (HID). LID babies from birth
      on had large goiters, high thyroid labeled MIT/DIT ratios and radioiodine
      uptakes, high plasma TSH and low plasma T4 in comparison to HID controls. Thyroid
      labeled T3/T4 ratios were low in all babies at birth but were higher in the LID
      than HID babies from day 5 on and were greater than 1 after day 10, approximating
      the T3/T4 of the mothers. Coupling efficiency, as indicated by thyroid labeled
      (T3 + T4)/(MIT + DIT), was relatively low for the first 4 postnatal days for both
      the HID and LID babies and was associated with a lower plasma T4 than at later
      intervals. Injection of 0.05 mug 127I- simultaneously with 131I- caused an acute
      increase in labeled T4 and decrease in MIT formation in LID babies of all ages,
      but did not affect T3 synthesis. Doses of 127I- 20 times as large had no effect
      on labeled iodoamino acid synthesis in HID babies. Thyroid organic radioiodine
      content in newborn LID rats was 65% lower at 24 hr than at 4 hr after 131I
      injection, indicating that thyroid secretion was occurring. A few of the LID pups
      were "runts" approximately 60% the size of HID babies the same age. However, the
      overwhelming majority of LID babies maintained the same weight as HID controls
      from birth until weaning. After weaning, the LID babies grew at a slower rate
      than the HID controls. Relative thyroid weight, radioiodine metabolism and plasma
      TSH were no different in runts of various ages or in their mothers than in the
      "normal" LID controls. Adaptation was apparently adequate in the LID babies to
      maintain a nearly euthyroid state. We suggest that the low labeled T3/T4 ratio in
      the first few days of life in the LID babies may be due to a coupling deficiency
      in newborn rats resulting in a proportionately greater formation of iodotyrosines
      than of iodothyronines compared to older animals. This results in a greater
      intrathyroidal retention of iodine during intracellular thyroglobulin proteolysis
      and a more highly iodinated thyroglobulin in the LID babies than after normal
      coupling is achieved.

PMID- 1196134
TI  - Effects of 1alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 on calcium and
      phosphorus metabolism in hypoparathyroidism.
AB  - The effects of 1alpha-OH D3 or 1,25-(OH)2D3 on calcium and phosphorus metabolism
      have been evaluated in five hypoparathyroid patients to establish the direct
      effects of these compounds in adult humans, uncomplicated by compensatory changes
      in parathyroid hormone secretion. Doses of 1-2.5 mug/day in four patients (5
      mug/day in a fifth patient on diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital) caused a
      marked increase in serum calcium concentration and urinary calcium excretion,
      without significant changes in renal calcium clearance or urinary hydroxyproline
      excretion. These results suggest that the correction of hypocalcemia involved
      primarily a stimulation of intestinal calcium absorption rather than a
      stimulation of skeletal calcium resorption. Simultaneously, there were increases
      in urinary phosphorus excretion and variable changes in serum inorganic phosphate
      concentration. These effects were produced by doses of 1alpha-OH D3 and 1,25
      (OH)2D3 which approach the dose needed to prevent rickets, in contrast to the
      very large doses of vitamin D or 25-OH D3 required for comparable effects in
      hypoparathyroid patients. The increased relative effectiveness of these one
      hydroxylated forms of vitamin D reveals a deficiency of vitamin D one
      hydroxylation in hypoparathyroidism. The rapidity of action of 1alpha-OH D3 and
      1,25-(OH)2D3 was also striking. Apart from its physiologic implications, the
      potency of the one-hydroxylated forms of vitamin D offers significant therapeutic
      advantages in some patients whose hypoparathyroidism is difficult to control with
      vitamin D itself.

PMID- 1196135
TI  - Chromosomal aberrations in malnutrition.
AB  - The effects of feeding high (18%) and low (5%) protein diets on chromosomal
      aberrations in bone marrow cells of rats were investigated. Malnourished rats
      maintained on low protein diet had significantly higher incidence of breaks and
      deletions as compared to wellfed rats maintained on high protein diet. Well fed
      rats showed an increased aberration rate when switched over to a 9% protein diet.
      On the other hand, malnourished rats showed a decrease in aberration frequency
      when fed 9% protein diet and still lower frequency when fed 18% protein diet.

PMID- 1196136
TI  - Decision-making in medical research and clinical practice: theory and methodology
      of laboratory data evaluation by predictors, indicators and indices.

PMID- 1196137
TI  - Methods for computer linkage of hospital admission-separation records into
      cumulative health histories.

PMID- 1196138
TI  - A method of analysing hospital surgical waiting lists.

PMID- 1196139
TI  - Automatic detection of dysrhythmias in the coronary care unit.

PMID- 1196140
TI  - [On the quantification of statistic differences in epidemiology caused by
      selection (author's transl)].

PMID- 1196141
TI  - Synchronization of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe using heat shocks.

PMID- 1196142
TI  - On the nature of hyaline zones in the cytoplasm of Amoeba proteus.
AB  - Investigations with the Nomarski DIC (differential interferece contrast)
      microscope and the electron microscope on the nature of hyaline zones in the
      cytoplasm of Amoeba proteus revealed that these regions represent pure ground
      cytoplasm. Differences between specimens 1) treated with 2% ethanol, 2) released
      from high hydrostatic pressure or 3) preincubated at 35 degrees C for 30 minutes
      could not be observed. Only dying cells undergoing lysis contained a watery
      solution within the zones of hyaline appearance. The existence of a so-called
      cell surface complex composed of the plasma membrane and an electron dense
      filamentous layer of groundplasm was demonstrated by the electron microscopical
      analysis of narcotized and pre-heated amoebae. This complex corresponds
      morphologically to the cell surface complexes in tissue cells. Hence it seems
      possible that the cell surface complex of amoebae is also responsible for changes
      of the cell shape and movements of the cell membrane. Observations with the DIC
      microscope also revealed the existence of two types of hyaline caps in A.
      proteus: in pseudopodia extending during normal locomotion the hyaline cap
      consists of pure ground cytoplasm, whereas in specimens  showing fountain-like
      streaming the cap is built up by a large vacuole containing a watery fluid.

PMID- 1196143
TI  - Medicine at Michigan State University: the College of Human Medicine at 11 years.

PMID- 1196144
TI  - MSU builds its first patient-care facility.

PMID- 1196145
TI  - The nature of interdisciplinary research at Michigan State University.

PMID- 1196146
TI  - Training for tomorrow's medicine.

PMID- 1196147
TI  - Regression of metastatic melanoma.

PMID- 1196148
TI  - A volumetric assessment of pollen levels in the air of Ann Arbor, Michigan.

PMID- 1196149
TI  - Germ cell tumors of the central nervous system: A case report and review of
      literature.

PMID- 1196150
TI  - Low hyperbaric therapy in management of leg ulcers.

PMID- 1196151
TI  - Perinatal tips.

PMID- 1196152
TI  - Granulocyte transfusions collected from normal donors.

PMID- 1196153
TI  - Microchemical investigation of medicinal plants. XI. Identification of morphine
      and codeine in opium using GC/MS.

PMID- 1196154
TI  - Microchemical investigation of medicinal plants. XII. The Chinese herbal drug San
      Ch'i.

PMID- 1196155
TI  - [The polarographic determination of parathion and its metabolite p-nitrophenol in
      blood].

PMID- 1196156
TI  - Photometric extraction method for determination of oxacillin and its derivatives.

PMID- 1196157
TI  - A vector model of disease for teaching and diagnosis.

PMID- 1196158
TI  - Is poliomyelitis a genetically-determined disease? II. A critical examination of
      the epidemiological data.

PMID- 1196159
TI  - Bone is dead and there are no real osteocytes.

PMID- 1196160
TI  - The function of specialized conducting tissue in the atria.

PMID- 1196161
TI  - Masturbation and nocturnal emissions--possible mechanisms for minimising
      teratozoospermie and hyperpermie in man.

PMID- 1196162
TI  - The pathogenesis of endomeerial carcinoma.

PMID- 1196163
TI  - The pathogenesis of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1196164
TI  - Cancer detection with human peripheral lymphocytes: a word of caution.

PMID- 1196165
TI  - Tissue displacement assay (TDA): a theoretical tool for following
      radiopharmaceuticals.

PMID- 1196167
TI  - Conceptual thinking and survival.

PMID- 1196166
TI  - Hyperuricemia in coronary, cerebral and peripheral arterial disease: an
      explanation.

PMID- 1196168
TI  - Letter: The measurement of messenger RNA stability: has anyone ever seen
      "activator" RNA?

PMID- 1196169
TI  - Letter: Physiology, psychology, and philosophy.

PMID- 1196170
TI  - Letter: A case of severe combined immunodeficiency with thymic mast cell
      hyperplasia.

PMID- 1196171
TI  - Editorial: To serve all the people.

PMID- 1196172
TI  - Current views on the management of pregnancy toxaemia and eclampsia.

PMID- 1196173
TI  - Schizophrenia and academic performance.

PMID- 1196174
TI  - Abortions-government hospitals Peninsular Malaysia 1960-1972.

PMID- 1196176
TI  - Pattern of toxoplasma antibodies in Malaysian pregnant women.

PMID- 1196175
TI  - Causes of blindness in Singapore.

PMID- 1196177
TI  - Puerperal sterilisation: comparison of the use of local anaesthesia and epidural
      lumbar anaesthesia.

PMID- 1196178
TI  - Brow presentation.

PMID- 1196179
TI  - Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism: a case report.

PMID- 1196180
TI  - Unusual foreign body in the rectum.

PMID- 1196181
TI  - Editorial: Papua New Guinea: medical implications of independence.

PMID- 1196182
TI  - Editorial: Chronic progressive rubella panencephalitis.

PMID- 1196184
TI  - The value of endoscopy and biopsy in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma.
AB  - The value of endoscopy and biopsy in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma has been
      examined. Out of a total of 550 patients, gastric carcinoma was suspected in 101.
      Endoscopy and biopsy provided a firm diagnosis in 43 of the 44 cases of gastric
      carcinoma present, and effectively excluded gastric carcinoma in 48 cases. We
      recommend endoscopy and biopsy as valuable diagnostic procedures in the
      investigation of patients suspected of having gastric carcinoma. Used together
      they can eliminate the necessity for diagnostic laparotomy.

PMID- 1196183
TI  - Hypnosis in medical practice.
AB  - Hypnosis has a role in medical practice as an adjunct to many therapies. A brief
      review of the history, theory, induction procedures, phenomena and practice of
      hypnosis is given. The use of hypnosis in the therapy of anxiety is illustrated
      by a report of a 44-year-old woman suffering from an aeroplane phobia.

PMID- 1196185
TI  - Melioidosis in a child in papua new guinea successful treatment with kanamycin
      and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.
AB  - An instance of melioidosis is described in a five-year-old Papua New Guinean. The
      disease did not involve the lungs, but the patient presented with an abscess on
      the abdomen and with numerous abscesses on the feet. The disease was successfully
      treated with kanamycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. This is the fourth
      case known to have occurred in Papua New Guinea, and the patient is the first to
      have survived.

PMID- 1196186
TI  - Chronic melioidosis.
AB  - This report is of a man who suffered from chronic melioidosis contracted in
      Malaysia. In the course of the disease he had a lobe of a lung resected,
      developed empyema and, while this was still draining, developed infection in an
      ankle. Both the empyema thoracis and the ankle infection were due to Pseudomonas
      pseudomallel. He now appears to be cured, probably by massive doses of
      tetracycline.

PMID- 1196187
TI  - The eye in diabetes and systemic hypertension.

PMID- 1196188
TI  - Use of on-line computer facilities in a respiratory function laboratory.
AB  - Experience in the use of on-line computer facilities in a respiratory function
      laboratory is described. An improved level of service and patient care has been
      demonstrated. Avenues for further development are discussed.

PMID- 1196189
TI  - First aid treatment for cervical vertebral injuries.

PMID- 1196190
TI  - Letter: Parietal cell vagotomy.

PMID- 1196191
TI  - Letter: Are beta blockers better?

PMID- 1196192
TI  - Letter: Effects of advertising on cigarette and alcoholic beverage consumption.

PMID- 1196193
TI  - Letter: The management of facial pain.

PMID- 1196194
TI  - Editorial: What is happening to medical education?

PMID- 1196195
TI  - Editorial: Primary health care and undergraduate teaching.

PMID- 1196196
TI  - Editorial: Teaching human sexuality.

PMID- 1196198
TI  - Education in community medicine with an emphasis on the health of an Aboriginal
      community: a pilot project.
AB  - An outline is given of a pilot project to introduce medical students to the broad
      concept of community medical practice with the emphasis on a rural Aboriginal
      community. The subjective experiences of the students are recorded and discussed.
      It is suggested that similar projects are essential to give balance to the bias
      of hospital training of medical students and to attract doctors to this
      discipline. The main advantages of such a scheme are that it broadens the
      perspective of the medical student, widens his potential choice of career, and
      gives him insight into the medical needs of a socioeconomically deprived group
      and into the wider role that a doctor can play in the health of the community.

PMID- 1196197
TI  - A department of personal and family medicine.
AB  - There has been increasing, worldwide dissatisfaction with the relevance of
      medical education to health care. Recently, a special task group set up by The
      Royal Australian College of General Practitioners made a study of how a
      department of personal and family medicine could participate in the education of
      the medical student. The task was to present first steps in a research and
      development programme for education of health personnel to work in and near the
      family setting. Two academics, two nurse educators, two general practitioners,
      one specialist surgeon involved in medical education and a fifth-year medical
      student made up the group. It worked at the task during a six-day live-in
      teaching and leadership seminar at Leura, New South Wales, in February, 1973.

PMID- 1196199
TI  - Teaching undergraduate paediatrics in a hospital casualty department.

PMID- 1196200
TI  - Learning by experience. A student residential workshop in hospital.
AB  - A four-day residential workshop was conducted for students beginning their
      clinical studies at the St George Hospital in 1974. The aim of the workshop was
      that the students should understand the functioning of the hospital and feel
      comfortable as students in the hospital, so that they would learn their clinical
      skills more effectively in their subsequent years at the hospital. Each student
      lived in a hospital bed with an "illness" for two days, and spent another two
      days helping care for these "student patients" and exploring the hospital.
      Evaluation at the end of the workshop suggested that the objectives had been
      achieved.

PMID- 1196201
TI  - Undergraduate general practice teaching in Australasian medical schools: the
      student viewpoint.
AB  - A survey was conducted to find what type of general practice teaching is offered
      to Australasian undergraduates. Of 11 medical schools, one had no pretence at
      general practice teaching, four had very inadequate and six had sufficient
      courses devoted to the subject. Comments on the place of general practice
      teaching in the medical curriculum are added. An attempt is made to summarize
      student expectations.

PMID- 1196202
TI  - The eye in neurological and neurovascular disease: Part 1.

PMID- 1196203
TI  - An introductory course in human sexuality for medical students.

PMID- 1196204
TI  - An experimental brief course in sexual behaviour and counseling.
AB  - A brief course in sexual behaviour and counseling was given to a sample of 30
      fifth-year medical students from Monash University, as an adjunct to their
      curriculum in gynaecology. The effectiveness of the course in increasing the
      student's knowledge of sexual behaviour and ability in sexual counselling, and in
      reducing anticipated anxiety or embarrassment in sexual discussions, was assessed
      by precourse and postcourse measures. It was concluded that the course was
      reasonably successful in achieving these aims and provides a basis for desirable
      future developments in this area.

PMID- 1196205
TI  - Letter: Cholangiography--a new filming technique.

PMID- 1196206
TI  - Editorial: Blue poles or blue babies?

PMID- 1196207
TI  - Editorial: The problem of pica.

PMID- 1196208
TI  - Editorial: The end of the Dalkon shield.

PMID- 1196209
TI  - Combined diphtheria-tetanus immunization of adults.
AB  - The administration of a combined adult-type diphtheria-tetanus vaccine to a group
      of 35 adults seeking booster tetanus immunization produced a secondary immune
      response to the diphtheria antigen in 26. A satisfactory response to the tetanus
      antigen was noted in all those who gave a reliable history of active tetanus
      immunization, including eight individuals who had not received a dose of toxoid
      for 25 to 28 years. No systemic reactions were observed, but significant
      correlation was found between local reactivity and a high post-booster titre of
      tetanus antitoxin. Selective use of the combined vaccine instead of tetanus
      toxoid alone offers a means of raising the diphtheria immunity in the adult
      population.

PMID- 1196210
TI  - Effect of long-term co-trimoxazole therapy on renal function.
AB  - In order to study the effect of long-term administration of co-trimoxazole on
      renal function, creatinine clearance rates were measured in 18 patients with
      neurogenic hypotonia of the bladder due to paraplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia
      and cerebrocervical injuries. The duration of the prophylactic treatment was
      between 60 and 80 days. The initial average creatinine clearance rate of this
      group was 99-0 ml/min and the final one was 110-7 ml/min (P = 0-15, n.s.). In
      addition, in seven cases the prophylaxis was extended to a period of 330 to 430
      days. In this group the initial average creatinine clearance rate was 104-4
      ml/min and the final one was 94-7 ml/min (P greater than 0-3, n.s.). It is
      concluded, therefore, that prolonged administration of co-trimoxazole to patients
      with creatinine clearance above 50 ml/min does not cause any marked deterioration
      in the renal function.

PMID- 1196211
TI  - Birth weight in pregnancies after induction of ovulation with pituitary
      gonadotrophins.
AB  - Birth weights offer a means of determining normality of babies born after
      induction of ovulation with human pituitary gonadotrophins. A study of 62
      patients treated under the auspices of the Australian Human Pituitary Advisory
      Committee shows that birth weights of the babies were not significantly different
      from those in two large Australian obstetric populations. Multiple pregnancies
      are more common after ovulation induction. Birth weights in twins are
      approximately 85% of those in singleton pregnancies.

PMID- 1196212
TI  - The relevance of a general practitioner health survey to the teaching of
      obstetrics and gynaecology to undergraduates.

PMID- 1196213
TI  - Villous adenoma of the colon with electrolyte depletion.
AB  - The case is presented of a villous adenoma of the colon associated with profuse,
      watery diarrhoea of such severity as to cause dehydration and electrolyte
      depletion.

PMID- 1196214
TI  - The eye in neurological and neurovascular disease: Part 2. Carotid and
      vertebrobasilar occlusive disease.

PMID- 1196215
TI  - Anaesthesia in a delightful setting: Gull Force Medical Aid Project in Ambon.
AB  - Civil aid projects in developing countries and military experience in South
      Vietnam have enabled numerous Australian and New Zealand anaesthetists to
      experience and evaluate anaesthetic techniques, drugs, unfamiliar apparatus and
      the anaesthetic training of paramedical personnel under unusual conditions.
      Supply problems, economic conditions, climate, educational standards of trainees,
      and the health of the community are some of the factors which influence the
      methods which have been adopted. The value of this experience is seen in its
      continuing commitment to civil aid projects in developing countries, and
      parallels are also seen in the anaesthetic requirements for major disasters,
      whether civil or military.

PMID- 1196216
TI  - The Dalkon Shield contraceptive device in general practice.
AB  - The value of the Dalkon Shield as a means of birth control in general practice is
      reviewed, and the continuation rate is found to be disappointingly low in a well
      motivated group of women. These findings are at complete variance with those of
      Watson (1975).

PMID- 1196217
TI  - Maternal mortality 1970 to 1972.

PMID- 1196218
TI  - Letter: Infective complications of the IUD.

PMID- 1196219
TI  - Letter: Minerals, thiazides and hypertension.

PMID- 1196220
TI  - Editorial: Prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal surgery.

PMID- 1196221
TI  - Editorial: Breast cancer: fifty-year statistics.

PMID- 1196222
TI  - Hydrocephaly, microcephaly and anencephaly diagnosed in pregnancy by ultrasonic
      echography.
AB  - The antenatal diagnosis of hydrocephaly, microcephaly and anencephaly is
      discussed and it is shown that ultrasonic echography is suited to the earliest
      diagnosis of these conditions. In hydrocephaly, demonstration of ventricular size
      and anatomy is used to assess the severity of the disease.

PMID- 1196223
TI  - Bioavailability of phenytoin from various pharmaceutical preparations in
      children.
AB  - In children, the blood level of phenytoin was found to be significantly higher
      when 100 mg capsules rather than 100 mg tablets were administered. When, on the
      other hand, 30 mg capsules and tablets were compared; the situation was reversed;
      tablets produced significantly higher blood levels of phenytoin than did the
      capsules. The significance and possible explantation of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1196224
TI  - The incidence of Australia antigen in hospital staff members.
AB  - A survey of Sydney Hospital staff members for Au antigenaemia was performed
      during a six-month period in 1972. Nine hundred and forty-six staff members were
      tested by the immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP) method and two asymptomatic
      chronic carriers were detected. Subsequently, it has been hospital policy to test
      all new staff members. Eight hundred and ninety additional sera from staff
      members were obtained and 12 were found to be Au positive. Of these, only one had
      evidence of liver disease. The results show a slight increase in the incidence of
      Au positivity in hospital staff members as compared with that of the general
      Australian population. However, in our series the majority of chronic carriers
      were immigrants from countries with known high incidence of Au antigen
      positivity. We therefore postulate that this increase is due not to the hospital
      environment, but to the carrier's country of origin.

PMID- 1196225
TI  - Uterine fibroid: an unusual cause of recurrent haemorrhagic pleural effusion.
AB  - A 51-year-old woman presented with dyspnoea due to pleural effusion, which
      repeatedly reaccumulated rapidly after tapping. A pelvic mass was present and she
      was considered to have disseminated ovarian malignant tumour. Total hysterectomy
      with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and the tumour was shown to
      be a necrotic uterine fibromyoma. After the operation the patient has been well,
      with no recurrence of the effusion. This is the twelfth reported case of the
      association of hydrothorax with uterine fibromyoma, and is a form of the rare
      pseudo-Meigs' syndrome.

PMID- 1196226
TI  - The aging eye.

PMID- 1196227
TI  - The role of the general practitioner in an obstetrics teaching hospital.
AB  - A scheme is presented for the appointment of general practitioners to the staff
      of a university teaching hospital. The doctors have bed rights for the management
      of their private and intermediate patients. They are appointed to the teaching
      and service units of the hospital and cooperate with a Department of Community
      Medicine, the full-time Director of which is also a general practitioner with
      senior staff status. The hospital appointment has the title Affiliated Medical
      Officer and is made subject to written acceptance of special conditions which
      include practice restriction in the management of complicated cases. The scheme
      has operated satisfactorily for two years.

PMID- 1196228
TI  - "No fault" motor accident insurance in Victoria.

PMID- 1196229
TI  - Letter: Fattening of parkinsonians: a hypothalamic side effect of L-dopa?

PMID- 1196231
TI  - Letter: Intravenous aminophylline in asthma.

PMID- 1196230
TI  - Letter: Psychological factors in contraceptive failure and abortion request.

PMID- 1196232
TI  - [Improved system for requesting and obtaining laboratory results].

PMID- 1196233
TI  - [Preparation of blood films by rheologically controlled centrifugation].

PMID- 1196234
TI  - Rights and birth by artificial insemination.

PMID- 1196235
TI  - Principles of clinical forensic medicine.

PMID- 1196236
TI  - [Current news on preventive vaccination of influenza].

PMID- 1196237
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment of bronchial carcinoma].

PMID- 1196238
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 1196239
TI  - [Mode of action of pentoxifyllin].

PMID- 1196241
TI  - [Astrology and medicine in the Thousand-and-one Night].

PMID- 1196240
TI  - [Coffee from medical point of view].

PMID- 1196242
TI  - [Osteotomy and screwing of the spina iliaca: new method for extended presentation
      of the iliacofemoral arterial segment].

PMID- 1196243
TI  - [Effectiveness of the influenza vaccination].

PMID- 1196244
TI  - [Experiences with Brondiletten retard (B 680 RD) in bronchitic ventilation
      disorders].

PMID- 1196245
TI  - [Experiences with an oral rhinologic agent in the ORL practice].

PMID- 1196246
TI  - [Nomogram for the diversion of the renal threshold for phosphate].

PMID- 1196247
TI  - [Does reserpine cause breast cancer?--So far no].

PMID- 1196248
TI  - [Leukemia in children].

PMID- 1196249
TI  - [The matter of stress].

PMID- 1196250
TI  - [Functional gastrointestinal disorders].

PMID- 1196251
TI  - [Surgical management of the arteria-mesenterica-superior syndrome].

PMID- 1196252
TI  - [Dissecting, nondissecting aortic aneurysm: surgical or conservative treatment].

PMID- 1196253
TI  - [Current sero-diagnosis of liver diseases. II].

PMID- 1196254
TI  - The high-fiber diet: its effect on the bowel.

PMID- 1196255
TI  - Alternate-day corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 1196256
TI  - Calcitonin in the treatment of Paget's disease of bone.

PMID- 1196257
TI  - Oral corticosteroids.

PMID- 1196258
TI  - Lomotil for diarrhea in children.

PMID- 1196259
TI  - Ultrasound for diagnosis.

PMID- 1196260
TI  - Four hour-test for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - A set of 12 rapid biochemical tests--lysinedecarboxylase, ornithinedecarboxylase,
      beta-galactosidase, urease, hydrogensulphide, indole, acetoin, deoxyribonuclease,
      esculin, mannitol, raffinose and sorbitol--were selected from an original set of
      13 tests and were found to give 98% accurate reactions within 4 hrs of incubation
      for the identification of bacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae. This set
      permits identification on the genus and/or species level for Escherichia,
      Shigella, Citrobacter, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia and
      Proteus.

PMID- 1196261
TI  - Studies on bacteriophages of Propionibacterium acnes.
AB  - With the help of adaptation experiments, 61 phage preparations out of 36
      Propionibacterium acnes bacteriophages (32 isolated by us and 4 sent from abroad)
      were established. On the basis of their stability, spectrum of activity, and
      virulence, 13 phages were selected for phagetyping. 58 well-classified P. acnes
      strains were grouped into 7 phage-types. 7 strains of P. granulosum, two strains
      of P. avidum, and one yet ungroupable microserophilic propionibacterium strain
      were resistant to all 61 phages, even when tested in 100 X RTD. A combination of
      phagetyping with biotyping resulted in data especially useful for the
      differentiation of P. acnes.

PMID- 1196262
TI  - X-ray images of small blood vessels in angiography: question of isoplanatism.
AB  - The basic theory of x-ray image formation of blood vessels, which is related to
      isoplanatism, is discussed. The x-ray intensity distributions of the blood vessel
      images are derived first for the actual case, which gives "correct" x-ray images
      obtained by the ray-tracing method. Secondly, as an approximation of the actual
      case, the image distributions are derived by the convolution method, which
      corresponds to an isoplanatic case. It is concluded that, under practical
      conditions, x-ray images of blood vessels are given approximately by a
      convolution integral of the object distribution, that is, the input x-ray pattern
      of the vessel exposed with a parallel x-ray beam, with the line spread function
      of geometric unsharpness. Therefore, this theory provides support for the
      experimental procedure commonly used in obtaining blood vessel images, and for
      the validity of applying in angiography the concept of the line spread function
      and the modulation transfer function of geometric unsharpness.

PMID- 1196263
TI  - Lesion detectability as a function of pulse-height selection for dynamic imaging
      with 99mTc.
AB  - Previous studies on pulse-height selection for scintillation cameras have been
      concerned with static imaging or asymmetric window settings around the photo
      peak. For count densities typical of those encountered in flow studies and for
      the customary symmetric window it is shown here, both computationally and
      experimentally, that a window setting in the range of 25-35% provides the maximum
      lesion detectability rate for lesions of 0.5- to 2.0-cm diameter.

PMID- 1196264
TI  - Stem corrections for ionization chambers.
AB  - Ionization chambers often exhibit a stem effect, caused by interactions of
      radiation with air near the chamber end, or with dielectric in the chamber stem
      or cable. These interactions contribute to the apparent measured exposure. To
      determine the stem efffect for several common ionization chamber systems,
      exposures were measured with TLD capsules placed at the center of 60Co fields of
      various sizes. These exposure measurements then were repeated with various
      ionization chamber systems, including two Victoreen R meters (25- and 100-R
      chambers), a Capintec 192 dosimeter with a Farmer 0.6-cm3 probe, a PTW transit
      dose probe, and an EG and G IC-18 probe with a Keithley 610-B electrometer. From
      a comparison of TLD and ionization chamber measurements of the variation in
      exposure rate with field size, stem corrections for the different systems were
      determined within 1%.

PMID- 1196265
TI  - Accuracy in patient setup and its consequence in dosimetry.
AB  - Analysis of 5575 settings on a computer-monitered Theratron-80 60Co unit
      demonstrates that human error does occur in treating patients with radiation. The
      errors are due to inaccurate setting of such parameters as field size, gantry
      angle, collimator rotation, treatment time, etc. The error rate per parameter was
      found to be about 3%, and more than two-thirds of the patients monitored with the
      PDP 11/45 computer had at least one error at some stage during the full course of
      treatment. Both the dose and the dose distribution may be affected by these
      errors and have been studied in a few typical cases. The errors in timer setting
      have the largest effect on the prescribed dose and may change the probability of
      local control appreciably.

PMID- 1196266
TI  - [The protamine sulfate serial dilution test in a sample of newborn infants].

PMID- 1196267
TI  - [Pneumopathy caused by mononucleosis].

PMID- 1196268
TI  - [Long-term results of uretero-ileoplasty. Experimental research in 8 dogs].

PMID- 1196269
TI  - [Nifurpipone in the chemotherapy of bacterial inflammation of the urinary ways in
      geriatrics].

PMID- 1196270
TI  - [Uretral stenosis due to ectasia of the ovarian vein].

PMID- 1196271
TI  - Puzzling pacemaker problems.

PMID- 1196272
TI  - Blastomycosis of the cervical spine.

PMID- 1196273
TI  - Carcinoma of the cervix. Clinical and surgical staging.

PMID- 1196274
TI  - Virus infections and kidney disease.

PMID- 1196275
TI  - Alcoholic hepatitis.

PMID- 1196276
TI  - Chorioangioma of the placenta causing fetal distress.

PMID- 1196277
TI  - Interpreting partial thromboplastin times.

PMID- 1196278
TI  - MSMA statement on professional liability.

PMID- 1196279
TI  - Clinical conference: Pathologic fracture of the distal femur.

PMID- 1196280
TI  - Medical care in Hennepin County. Everyone should have a cottage.

PMID- 1196281
TI  - Allergic contact dermatitis from footwear. Shoe dermatitis in 42 patients.

PMID- 1196282
TI  - Vitamins and cancer.

PMID- 1196284
TI  - Editorial: Intracranial ependymomas.

PMID- 1196283
TI  - Intracranial ependymomas. Report of a case and literature review.

PMID- 1196285
TI  - Editorial: Mental health planning in a children's hospital.

PMID- 1196286
TI  - Hypertension control.

PMID- 1196287
TI  - Comparison of colposcopy-directed biopsies and cold-knife conization.

PMID- 1196288
TI  - Gangrene of the small bowel following aorto-femoral bypass. Case report.

PMID- 1196289
TI  - Evaluation of hyperparathyroidism through a reference laboratory.

PMID- 1196290
TI  - Progress in endomyocardial biopsy.

PMID- 1196291
TI  - Electrophysiology and the electrocardiogram.

PMID- 1196293
TI  - Good communications = good collections.

PMID- 1196292
TI  - The kidney in congestive heart failure.

PMID- 1196294
TI  - What counts with the DVM-choosing public?

PMID- 1196295
TI  - Inflation and fees: how can you keep up?

PMID- 1196296
TI  - Calf blood extract in treatment of equine foot lesions.
AB  - A deproteinized calf blood extract (Solcoseryl: Solco Basle, Ltd, Switzerland)
      enhanced healing of induced and naturally-occurring lesions in the feet of 30
      horses and donkeys.

PMID- 1196297
TI  - Manual stimulation of micturition.

PMID- 1196298
TI  - The urinary system.

PMID- 1196299
TI  - Cycloheximide resistance in Chinese hamster cells. III. Characterization of cell
      free protein synthesis by polysomes.
AB  - Two clones were selected for mass cultivation from 18 phenotypically stable CHM
      resistant CHO clones. The polysomes isolated from these two clones were compared
      with CHO wildtype polysomes and rat liver polysomes in a cell-free protein
      synthesis system for their ability to incorporate amino acids. CHM had an
      inhibitory effect on the protein synthesis activity of CHO wildtype and rat liver
      polysomes, but had no effect on the polysomes obtained from either of the mutant
      CHO clones.

PMID- 1196301
TI  - Glycolytic metabolism in cultured cells of the nervous system. II. Regulation of
      pyruvate and lactate metabolism in the C-6 glioma cell line.
AB  - Pyruvate and lactate efflux from C-6 glioma cells has been found to be regulated
      by both the medium glucose concentration and the medium concentration of the two
      acids. Each moves down a concentration gradient until the extracellular level is
      in equilibrium with the intracellular. Long-term growth studies demonstrated that
      the cells preferentially utilize glucose but that once it is depleted, they will
      take up first pyruvate, followed by lactate, for further metabolism. Changes in
      the intracellular levels of the two metabolites correspond to those seen in the
      medium. The rate of glycogen breakdown parallels that of medium glucose
      ultilization. Preliminary results with the C-1300 neuroblastoma cells showed
      pyruvate and lactate efflux rates comparable to those of the glioma cells.

PMID- 1196300
TI  - A pleiotropic regulatory mutation in lambda bacteriophage.
AB  - Lambda bacteriophage mutants, lambdasar, were isolated. These mutants can form
      plaques on a non lysogenic lawn and are unable to grow on nonimmune (imm-), cro
      constitutive hosts. Analysis of the restriction of lambdasar by a set of
      defective lysogens suggested that both the cro and cII gene products participate
      in the inhibition. The sar mutations were mapped in the ori region between the
      genes cII and O. Complementation experiments showed that under the restrictive
      conditions lamdasar is defective in the expression of both the N and the O genes.
      Transcription analyses support these findings, as lambdasar is unable to serve as
      a template for transcription after infecting cro constitutive hosts. In addition
      lambdasar does not replicate under the restrictive conditions, although its DNA
      can bind to the host membrane to some extent. The Sar phenotype can be relieved
      by removing sites of action of cro either by a V2 mutation or by substituting the
      lambda immunity region by imm434 or imm21. Similarly introducing a cy mutation,
      which interferes with the action of the cII gene product, also eliminates the Sar
      effect. The sar mutation can suppress cy mutations as manifested in plaque
      morphology, lysogenization frequency, cI repressor synthesis and the expression
      of rex function. Suppression takes place only when the sar mutation is present in
      cis to cy and it requires the action of the cII and cIII gene products. It is
      suggested that the sar mutation suppresses cy by activating a new promoter for
      repressor synthesis, pro. The results also suggest that the cII and cIII gene
      products may act at a site other than y.

PMID- 1196302
TI  - Glycolytic metabolism in cultured cells of the nervous system. III. The effects
      of thiamine deficiency and pyrithiamine on the C-6 glioma and C-1300
      neuroblastoma cell lines.
AB  - The effects of thiamine deficiency and of the antithiamine drug pyrithiamine on
      the C-6 glioma and the C-1300 neuroblastoma cell lines have been studied.
      Thiamine deficiency increased the doubling time of the neuroblastoma cells
      without affecting that of the glioma cells. Pyrithiamine prevented both cell
      lines from doubling even once. (hiamine deficiency had only slight effects on
      intracellular pyruvate and lactate levels or on efflux rates for the acids, but
      pyrithiamine treatment resulted in large increases in both the intracellular
      levels and the efflux in both cell lines. For comparison, the pyruvate and
      lactate levels in mouse brain were measured. The levels from thiamine-deficient
      mouse brain were essentially unchanged from controls while pyrithiamine treatment
      caused a significant elevation only of the pyruvate concentration.

PMID- 1196303
TI  - The relationships between vitamin B12 and folic acid and the effect of methionine
      on folate metabolism.
AB  - The relationship between vitamin B12 and folate and the effect of methionine on
      folate metabolism during B12 deficiency in rats is best explained by the
      prevention of the accumulation of 5-methyl-H4PteGlu by vitamin B12 and/or
      methionine. Although several points remain to be clarified, the 'methyl trap'
      hypothesis provides the most satisfactory explanation for the relation between
      vitamin B12, methionine and folic acid. This concept is extended by the
      hypothesis that H4PteGlu is the most active substrate for pteroylpolyglutamate
      synthetase, and thus accounts for the effect of methionine or vitamin B12
      increasing liver folate levels.

PMID- 1196304
TI  - Variation in average unit chain length of glycogen in relation to developmental
      stage in Blastocladiella emersonii.
AB  - Synchronous, single generations of Blastocladiella emersonii were grown along
      either the ordinary colorless or resistant sporangial plant pathways. Samples of
      cells were withdrawn at different developmental stages and glycogen was
      extracted, purified, debranched by isoamylase treatment, and its component unit
      chains separated by gel permeation chromatography. The elution profiles showed
      the distribution of unit chains. Average unit chain length was determined for
      plants at different developmental stages and shown to vary between 9 and 16. Some
      of these variations were correlated with other developmental events in the
      fungus.

PMID- 1196306
TI  - Run-off ribosomes in liver, spleen and pancreas of the rat.
AB  - Free polyribosomes, isolated from liver, spleen and pancreas of the rat, were
      suspended in a medium at 0.5 mM Mg2+ and analyzed in the analytical
      ultracentrifuge. The percentage of run-off ribosomes, distinguised by a
      sedimentation coefficient below 77S was calculated from centrifugal experiments.
      The amount of run-off ribosomes differed in the various tissues of the rat but
      was not influenced by fasting overnight.

PMID- 1196305
TI  - Aspects of ketogenesis: control and mechanism of ketone-body formation in
      isolated rat-liver mitochondria.
AB  - The synthesis of ketone bodies by intact isolated rat-liver mitochondria has been
      studied at varying rates of acetyl-CoA production and of acetyl-CoA utilization
      in the Krebs cycle. Factors which enhanced the rate of acetyl-CoA production
      caused an increase in the fraction of acetyl-CoA which was incorporated into
      ketone bodies. On the other hand, it was found that factors which  stimulated the
      formation of citrate lowered the relative rate of ketogenesis. It is concluded
      that acetyl-CoA is preferentially used for citrate synthesis, if the level of
      oxaloacetate in the mitochondrial matrix space is adequate. The
      intramitochondrial level of oxaloacetate, which is determined by the malate
      concentration and the ratio of NADH over NAD+, is the main factor controlling the
      rate of citrate synthesis. The ATP/ADP ratio per se does not affect the activity
      of citrate synthase in this in vitro system. Ketogenesis can be described as an
      overflow of acetyl-groups: Ketone-body formation is stimulated only when the rate
      of acetyl-CoA production increases beyond the capacity for citrate synthesis. The
      interaction between fatty acid oxidation and pyruvate metabolism and the effects
      of long-chain acyl-CoA on mitochondrial metabolism are discussed. Ketone bodies
      which were generated during the oxidation of [1-14C] fatty acids were
      preferentially labelled in their carboxyl group. This carboxyl group had the same
      specific activity as the acetyl-CoA pool, whereas the specific activity of the
      acetone moiety of acetoacetate was much lower, especially at low rates of ketone
      body formation. The activities of acetoacetyl-CoA deacylase and the
      hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) pathway were compared in soluble and
      mitochondrial fractions of rat- and cow-liver in different ketotic states. In rat
      liver mitochondria, both pathways of acetoacetate synthesis were stimulated upon
      starvation or in alloxan diabetes. In cow liver, only the HMG-CoA pathway was
      increased during ketosis in the mitochondrial as well as in the soluble fraction.

PMID- 1196307
TI  - The presence of 5 S RNA genes in two consecutive chromosome bands in Chironomus
      tentans.
AB  - It has earlier been shown by in situ hybridization that the 5 S RNA genes are
      located in region 2A of chromosome II in Chironomus tentans [1]. In the present
      study the resolution in this chromosome region could be considerably improved by
      using the inversion 1 A/9C of chromosome II, which carries region 2A, not in the
      usual position close to one end of chromosome II, but in the middle of the
      chromosome. It was then revealed that electrophoretically isolated 5 S RNA
      hybridized in situ with two adjacent bands in the region 2A. It was also observed
      that in heterozygotes harbouring one normal chromosome II and one with the
      inversion 1 A/9C, there is a close physical contact between the bands containing
      the 5 S RNA genes and the nucleolar organizer region.

PMID- 1196308
TI  - The relationship between molecular size and electrphoretic mobility in agarose
      gels as determined from a single population of growing RNA molecules.
AB  - Growing RNA molecules obtained from a defined transcription unit, the 75 S RNA
      transcription unit in Balbiani ring  2 of Chironomus tentans, have been analysed
      by electrophoresis in agarose. This set of RNA molecules forms a broad
      distribution of molecules with sizes ranging from very small up to the final
      product of giant size corresponding to 75 S RNA. The relative molecular weights
      along the migration path were calculated from a simple activity relationship
      derived from the expected distribution properties of a single population of
      growing RNA molecules. It was concluded that there is a linear relationship
      between the molecular weight and the logarithm for the mobility.

PMID- 1196309
TI  - Studies on chromatin. III. v-Bodies and free DNA in chromatin lacking histone H1.
AB  - Chromatin lacking histone H1 was found by electron microscopy to contain 'beaded'
      deoxyribonucleoprotein fibers. Adjacent beads are connected with each other by
      threads having a DNA-like appearance. At least some of threads are shown to be
      free DNA stretches. Average length and the content of free DNA stretches in
      histone H1-depleted chromatin depends on the ionic conditions of the medium. The
      appearance of individual beads is similar to that of chromatin subunits or v
      bodies [1] in the original chromatin. Thus, in agreement with the X-ray data [2],
      histone H1 apparently is not required for maintenance of a compact state of DNA
      in chromatin subunits.

PMID- 1196311
TI  - Globin messenger sequences in nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles of avian
      erythroblasts.
AB  - Nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles were isolated from chick erythroblast nuclei.
      The particles were found to sediment as heterogeneous material. The major
      fraction of the rapidly synthesized RNP sedimented at 30 S, whereas the nuclei
      were found to contain a major, apparently more stable, RNP component sedimenting
      at about 40 S. The RNA isolated from the RNP particles was assayed for globin
      messenger activity in a wheat germ cell-free system. RNP sedimenting at
      relatively low S values (approx. 15 S) as well as RNP-particles of larger size
      code for globin. In addition to globin, the RNA of the particles codes also for
      other, not yet identified, proteins.

PMID- 1196310
TI  - Analysis by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the in vivo
      phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins derived from free and membrane-bound
      polysomes.
AB  - Analysis of in vivo phosphorylation of mouse liver ribosomal proteins was
      performed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis following 32P
      injection. Our method is special and differs from other eukaryotic systems
      reported in that all proteins separated on the first dimension gel are completely
      solubilized, moving quantitatively to the second dimension gel. Only ribosomes
      from polysomes were used, ensuring analysis of ribosomes actively engaged in
      protein synthesis. We resolved sixty-five distinct proteins from ribosomes from
      membrane bound or free polysomes. In both cases radioautography revealed similar
      labeled patterns with one highly phosphorylated ribosomal protein and five
      marginally labeled spots.

PMID- 1196312
TI  - Studies on chromatin. IV. Evidence for a toroidal shape of chromatin subunits.
AB  - Electron microscopy of purified chromatin subunits (v-bodies [17] or nucleosomes
      [2] revealed a hole or at least a deep indentation in the globular nucleosome. A
      hole in the nucleosome was visualized using rotatory shadowing with platinum
      palladium or more directly, by negative staining with sodium phosphotungstate.
      The diameter of the hole as measured from negatively stained samples is 10-25 A.
      The external diameter of the negatively stained nucleosome equals 75 +/- 15 A.
      Although most of the data are formally compatible with either a hole or a deep
      indentation in the nucleosome, some views of the particles in the negatively
      stained samples suggest a hole rather than an indentation. The possible
      significance of a toroidal structure of the chromatin subunit is discussed in the
      accompanying paper [3].

PMID- 1196314
TI  - On the nature of stability of the nucleotide base associates in water solution.
AB  - Expression for the long-range intermolecular interaction energy obtained by the
      perturbation theory method in atomic dipole approximation are used for the study
      of the nature of base interaction in stacked dimers formed of two neighbouring
      DNA base pairs. Base wave functions are computed by the CNDO-CI method. The
      inplane interactions are shown to give the dominant contribution into the DNA
      stabilization energy in vacuum. The estimations performed for the solvent effect
      on intermolecular interaction energy allowed us to draw conclusions about the
      decisive role of hydrophobic interactions in a base stacking.

PMID- 1196313
TI  - Studies on chromatin. V. A model for the structure of chromatin subunit.
AB  - A new model for the fine structure of the chromatin subunit (or 'nucleosome') is
      proposed. The model is based on previous experimental findings [1-14] and on two
      new suggestions, namely: (1) Eight histones form a toroidal-shaped histone coe of
      nucleosome and are arranged in the following ciruclar sequence: (see article).
      (2) DNA is 'kinked' around a toroidal-shaped histone core in a 'solenoid-like'
      mode, each kink occurring every 10 base pairs along DNA. The electron microscopic
      evidence for a toroidal shape of the nucleosome is described in the preceding
      paper [13]. The possibility of the existence of kinks in the DNA double helix was
      considered recently by Crick and Klug [14]. The proposed model of the nucleosome,
      being more detailed than earlier models permits us to explain in direct
      structural terms the yet unordered set of data bearing on the pattern of histone
      histone interactions in chromatin, the results of a mild deoxyribonuclease
      digestion of DNA within the nucleosomal particle and also the quantitative data
      on the unwinding of the DNA duplex upon formation of the nucleosome.

PMID- 1196315
TI  - [Thyroxine treatment in acute renal failure (author's transl)].
AB  - 8 patients suffering from acute renal failure (shock kidney) with anuria
      extending over 3 to 5 days, were treated with L-thyroxine for 5 to 9 days (5-6
      mug per kg body weight per day orally). Diuresis was restored within 34 to 46
      hrs. Plasma levels of urea and creatinine decreased earlier and much more rapidly
      to normal than was to be expected from the natural history of the disease,
      indicating the prompt and extensive increase of glomerular filtration rate.
      Polyuria seemed less pronounced and also shortened as compared with the ordinary
      course of that form of sudden renal insufficiency. Obviously, the well-known
      diuretic response in the normal individual to high doses of thyroid hormones in
      not a factor in the induction of diuresis in acute renal failure. The tendency
      with L-thyroxine treatment to dilate the preglomerular arterial vessel is
      considered a consequence of the stimulation of sodium reabsorption in the upper
      nephron. High values of RPF and GFR, regularly observed in hyperthyroidism or
      after L-thyroxine administration, do not depend on any augmentation of cardiac
      output or on arterial hypertension, since such symptoms were missed in our
      patients and, in our view, such an interpretation is excluded by the very
      existence of the so-called autoregulation of the kidney which leaves RPF (and
      therefore GFR) independent of systemic blood pressure. The same intrarenal feed
      back mechanism, normally adapting the glomerular blood supply to the resorptive
      capacity of the proximal-tubular epithelium (mediation via the juxta-glomerular
      apparatus), is responsible for the GFR- and RPF-raising effect of exogenous L
      thyroxine in the intact kidney as well as in acute renal failure: both sodium
      reabsorption and sodium filtration are accelerated.--The special conditions under
      which L-thyroxine interferes with the pathogenetic process of acute renal
      failure, the latter being characterised by the critical insufficiency of tubular
      sodium reabsorption and therefore by preglomerular arterial constriction, is
      discussed on the basis of a new hypothesis concerning the thyrogenic nephrotropic
      effects in general.

PMID- 1196316
TI  - [The difficulties to diagnose a clinical important defect of disaccharidases
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Duodenal mucosa of 100 infants and children was histologically investigated and
      the activities of dissaccharidases in the mucosa homogenate were determined. In
      addition, a combined xylose-lactose loading test was carried out and the
      behaviour of the stools under the test conditions was observed. The results were
      compared with regard to the clinical importance of an enzyme defect. The rise of
      xylose in blood gives no evidence for a defect of disaccharidases in the mucosa.
      The determination of the glucose maximum after a loading test with disaccharides
      seems rather to lead to false-normal results. The possiblity of a false
      pathological interpretation by an exclusive determination of enzymes must be
      prevented by further gastroenterological examinations.

PMID- 1196317
TI  - [Course and treatment of osteomyelitis in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - In the years 1955-1972 132 children with osteomyelitis were treated in the
      Pediatric, Surgical and Orthopedic Department of the university of Kiel. There
      was no increase in the incidence of osteomyelitis during this period. Acute
      hematogenous osteomyelitis was diagnosed in 111 children, chronic hematogenous
      osteomyelitis in 11 children, traumatic and postoperative osteomyelitis in 10
      children. Secondary chronic osteomyelitis occurred in 1 patient. Mainly
      staphylococci (in 90%) were the pathogenic bacteria, whereas haemophilus,
      pseudomonas, streptococci group A, E. coli and mixed infections occurred less
      frequently. In 17 of 111 patients with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis there
      were no roentgenological changes. Bacteriological investigations of blood and
      pus, and the antistaphylolysin reaction (repeated in the course of the disease)
      were helpful to establish the diagnosis in many cases. 107 of 111 patients with
      acute hematogenous osteomyelitis were cured (8 patients with defects). 4 children
      died in septic shock or because of complications (meningitis, pleural empyema,
      pneumonia). Bactericidal antibiotics in high dosage (penicillins, gentamicin)
      were superior to bacteriostatic antibiotics. Additional surgical treatment was
      necessary in 49 of 111 patients with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis.
      Recommendations for antibiotic therapy of osteomyelitis are given.

PMID- 1196318
TI  - [Dialysis therapy in childhood].

PMID- 1196319
TI  - [Therapy of chronic kidney failure on the regional level].

PMID- 1196320
TI  - [Home hemodialysis of children].

PMID- 1196321
TI  - [Ten years' daily prophylaxis against rickets--review and outlook (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Ten years of experience with daily prophylaxis of rickets brought about isolated
      knowledge which corrected old mistakes and demands a revision of older attitudes
      towards the usual prophylaxis. Prophylaxis of vitamin D according to the most
      modern and reliable knowledge in the best way promotes the growth and
      mineralisation of the skeleton with dosages of 400 to 800 I.U. smaller or higher
      dosages are disadvantageous. By observing the above given dosage, rickets and
      hypercalcaemia are rare and only conceivable under special pathological
      conditions. The diagnosis of beginning rickets must be well known, otherwise
      unspecific symptoms of rickets may induce the administration of unnecessarily
      high amounts of vitamin D. The symptoms of rickets show a gradual increase: the
      increase of serum alkaline phosphatase precedes the clinical and radiological
      symptoms. The reliable radiographic deformities of the hand can first be seen at
      the Ulna, then at the Radius and later at the secondary centers of Metacarpals.
      Among the relatively reliable clinical symptoms there its first the rosary later
      the Marfan-sign and eventually the deformation of the long bones. For infants
      protected by vitamin D, craniotabes as a sign of rickets is completely unreliable
      as well as the Harrison grooves and rachitic kyphosis. If one observes all these
      rules and rachitic kyphosis. If one observes all these rules and criterions
      vitamin D is as reliable in the prophylaxis as in the therapy of vitamin D
      deficiency rickets.

PMID- 1196322
TI  - [Surgical fixation of humeral fractures with Hackethal's nails].

PMID- 1196323
TI  - [Limitations of purely conservative treatment of distal humeral fractures in
      children].

PMID- 1196324
TI  - [Ligament injuries to the thumb joint].

PMID- 1196325
TI  - [Tarsal tunnel syndrome and trauma. Case reports on the etiology and therapy].

PMID- 1196326
TI  - [Loose bodies of the elbow joint].

PMID- 1196327
TI  - [Telemetry of heart and respiration rate while flying in gliders and airplanes
      under different flight conditions].

PMID- 1196328
TI  - The specific locus test in the mouse.

PMID- 1196329
TI  - Observations of aberrations in chromosomes of lymphocytes from human subjects
      exposed to ozone at a concentration of 0.5 ppm for 6 and 10 hours.

PMID- 1196331
TI  - Substitution of the radiation requirement for sporulation by host tissue in
      Dendrophoma obscurans.

PMID- 1196330
TI  - An improved synthetic medium for oospore production and germination of several
      Phytophthora species.

PMID- 1196332
TI  - Aphanomycopsis sexualis, a new parasite of midge eggs.

PMID- 1196333
TI  - Fatty acid composition of ectomycorhizal fungi in vitro.

PMID- 1196334
TI  - Perfect state (Emmonsiella capsulata) of the fungus causing large-form African
      histoplasmosis.

PMID- 1196335
TI  - [The effect of econazole on the fine structure of Trichophyton rubrum cells].

PMID- 1196336
TI  - Epidemic lead absorption near an ore smelter. The role of particulate lead.
AB  - Blood lead levels were determined on a random sample of persons in all age groups
      living near a lead-emitting smelter in El Paso, Texas. A blood lead level of
      greater than or equal to 40 mug per 100 ml, which was considered indicative of
      undue lead absorption, was found in 53 per cent of the children one to nine years
      old living within 1.6 km of the smelter and in 18 per cent of those from 1.6 to
      6.6 km; beyond that distance in older persons levels were lower. Children in the
      first 1.6 km with blood levels of greater than or equal to mug per 100 ml were
      exposed to 3.1 times as much lead in dust as children there with lower blood
      values (6447 vs 2067 ppm). There was also airborne lead exposure (8 to 10 mug per
      cubic meter, annual mean). Paint, water, food, and pottery were less important as
      sources. The data suggest that particulate lead in dust and air accounted for
      most of the lead absorption in El Paso children. The smelter was the principal
      source of this lead, especially within 1.6km of itself.

PMID- 1196337
TI  - Use of platelet aggregometry in selection of compatible platelet donors.
AB  - To determine if platelet aggregometry was useful in selecting compatible platelet
      donors, six patients who had become refractory to random platelets were studied.
      Serum from the patient was added to citrated platelet-rich plasma from the
      prospective donor in a standard aggregometry system. Serial aggregometry studies
      revealed no platelet aggregation unless the refractory state had been reached. At
      that time positive aggregation occurred only between the poorly matched pairs. A
      correlation between platelet aggregation and HL-A histocompatibility was noted.
      Family members with negative aggregation were selected as donors, and their
      platelets were able to provide consistently satisfactory increments in the
      platelet count of the recipient who was refractory to random donors. In contrast,
      platelets from family members who exhibited positive aggregation failed to do so.
      These findings suggest that platelet aggregometry can be used to select
      compatible platelet donors.

PMID- 1196338
TI  - Total cortisol in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturation.
AB  - Total cortisol was determined by radioimmunoassay in 48 samples of amniotic fluid
      obtained at various stages of normal pregnancy. Before the 34th week, all
      cortisol levels were less than 40 ng per milliliter. At 35 to 40 weeks the mean
      value was 2.4 times higher than that at 20 to 34 weeks. In pregnancies greater
      than 40 weeks, a further increase in total amniotic-fluid cortisol was observed,
      and values greater than 120 ng per milliliter were found only in patients of this
      group. A good rank correlation between cortisol and lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio
      was found in 43 samples (r = 0.83, p less than 0.001). No respiratory-distress
      syndrome of the newborn occurred when total amniotic-fluid cortisol was greater
      than 60 ng per milliliter (16 patients). Total amniotic-fluid cortisol may
      reflect initiation of fetal lung maturation, and may help identify pregnancies
      with a gestation period of over 40 weeks.

PMID- 1196339
TI  - Licensure, competence, and manpower distribution. A follow-up study of foreign
      medical graduates.
AB  - Medical statistics report United States medical graduates licensed at higher
      rates than foreign medical graduates. This difference is often interpreted to
      show greater medical competence of United States graduates. This study questions
      this interpretation by analyzing 1971 licensure rates for both groups who had
      been interns and residents in 1963. We found that factors unrelated to competence
      -namely, visa-citizenship status and state of examination--are associated with
      holding a license. Moreover, quality of medical education is not an accurate
      predictor of licensure. It follows that the use of licensure rates as measures of
      medical competence distorts understanding of the quality of medical care in the
      United States. More probably, the difficulties in obtaining medical licensure
      experienced by foreign graduates result from the use of such graduates to relieve
      specific medical-manpower shortages.

PMID- 1196340
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 3-1975.

PMID- 1196342
TI  - Editorial: Medical delphination.

PMID- 1196341
TI  - Editorial: Prenatal diagnosis and prevention of hyaline-membrane disease.

PMID- 1196343
TI  - Letter: Chemoimmunotherapy of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1196344
TI  - Letter: Correlation between the stage of Hodgkin's disease and the weight of the
      spleen.

PMID- 1196345
TI  - Letter: Ornithine or citrulline therapy in treatment of Reye's syndrome.

PMID- 1196346
TI  - Letter: "Orphan-drug" development - whose responsibility?

PMID- 1196347
TI  - Letter: Prevention of colonic gas explosions.

PMID- 1196348
TI  - Letter: "Death with dignity".

PMID- 1196349
TI  - Letter: No-fault malpractice insurance.

PMID- 1196350
TI  - Letter: Other questions for house-staff applicants.

PMID- 1196351
TI  - Letter: Peer pressures and quality of care.

PMID- 1196352
TI  - Linkage disequilibrium between H-2 and t complexes in chromosome 17 of the mouse.
AB  - Mice with t factors belonging to the same complementation group carry similar, if
      not identical, H--2 haplotypes although these factors were derived from widely
      separated geographical areas. This association between t and H--2 complexes
      suggests more than a casual relationship between the two complexes, at least at
      the population level.

PMID- 1196353
TI  - Developmental changes in suckling of rat pups.

PMID- 1196354
TI  - Time resolution of acoustic signals by birds.

PMID- 1196355
TI  - Inhibition of cortical evoked potentials and sensation by self-initiated movement
      in man.

PMID- 1196356
TI  - Methylmercury and selenium in umbilical cords of inhabitants of the Minamata
      area.

PMID- 1196357
TI  - Investigation of cell lineage in bone using a chimaera of chick and quial
      embryonic tissue.

PMID- 1196358
TI  - Stimulation of in vitro somite chondrogenesis by procollagen and collagen.

PMID- 1196359
TI  - Early-labelled haem in erythroid and hepatic cells.

PMID- 1196360
TI  - Inhibition of mammalian cytotoxic cells by phosphatidylcholine and its analogue.

PMID- 1196361
TI  - Calcium-dependent stimulation of platelet aggregation by PGE.

PMID- 1196362
TI  - Nerve growth factor-induced process formation by cultured rat pheochromocytoma
      cells.

PMID- 1196363
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of concanavalin A receptor site distributions on the
      surfaces of specific populations of embryonic cells.

PMID- 1196364
TI  - Redistribution of surface-bound polyelectrolytes on erythrocytes.

PMID- 1196365
TI  - Autoradiographic localisation of alpha-bungarotoxin-binding sites in the central
      nervous system.

PMID- 1196366
TI  - Slowing of ionic currents in the voltage-clamped squid axon by helium pressure.

PMID- 1196367
TI  - Mutation rate, genome size and their relation to the rec concept.

PMID- 1196368
TI  - Immunological restoration of both thymectomised and athymic nude mice by a thymus
      factor.

PMID- 1196369
TI  - Statistical mechanics and topology of polymer chains.
AB  - The statistical-mechanical treatment of closed polymer chains based on algebraic
      topology is proposed. Using the Monte-Carlo method numerical results were
      obtained for the probability to knot formation during random closing of polymer
      chains of different length. For very rigid chains such as DNA double helix the
      probability of knot formation is rather great. Topological restrictions in a
      system of two polymer chains are shown to lead to a specific topological
      interaction between them.

PMID- 1196370
TI  - Heat resistance of bacterial endospores and concept of an expanded osmoregulatory
      cortex.
AB  - The extreme resistance of bacterial endospores to heat may result from
      dehydration of the central protoplast brought about and maintained by osmotic
      activity of expanded electronegative peptidoglycan polymer, and positively
      charged counterions associated with it, in the surrounding cortex. The cortex may
      thus act as a specialised osmoregulatory organelle. Changes in the environment
      which would be expected reversibly to affect osmotic properties alter the heat
      resistance of spores.

PMID- 1196371
TI  - Search for selectivity in interactions of chiral solvated electrons.

PMID- 1196372
TI  - Asymmetric degradation of DL-leucine with longitudinally polarised electrons.

PMID- 1196373
TI  - Colour illusion and evidence for interaction between cone mechanisms.

PMID- 1196374
TI  - Learning in the absence of forebrain noradrenaline.

PMID- 1196375
TI  - Coupling of lithium to sodium transport in human red cells.

PMID- 1196376
TI  - Ataxia telangiectasia: a human mutation with abnormal radiation sensitivity.

PMID- 1196377
TI  - Mutation induction and inactivation in mammalian cells exposed to ionising
      radiation.

PMID- 1196378
TI  - Supercoiled DNA folded by non-histone proteins in cultured mammalian cells.

PMID- 1196379
TI  - Nucleosome formation abolishes base-specific binding of histones.

PMID- 1196380
TI  - Restriction nucleases as probes of chromatin structure.

PMID- 1196381
TI  - Changes in form of elongation factor during development of Artemia salina.

PMID- 1196382
TI  - Production of threitol and sorbitol by an adult insect: association with freezing
      tolerance.

PMID- 1196383
TI  - Endogenous rhythm of nerve activity in the housefly eye.

PMID- 1196384
TI  - Existence of a beta-ionone ring-binding site in the rhodopsin molecule.

PMID- 1196385
TI  - Conversion of a photon to an electrical signal by sudden polarisation in the N
      retinylidene visual chromophore.

PMID- 1196386
TI  - Two types of retinal degeneration in cerebellar mutant mice.

PMID- 1196387
TI  - Electrical behaviour of inner and outer smooth muscle of sheep carotid artery.

PMID- 1196389
TI  - An uncommon nucleotide conformation shown by molecular structure of deoxyuridine
      5'-phosphate and nucleic acid stereochemistry.

PMID- 1196388
TI  - Possible biochemical explanation for specific reformation of synapses between
      muscle and regenerating motoneurones in cockroach.

PMID- 1196390
TI  - Human endonuclease activity for DNA apurinic sites.

PMID- 1196391
TI  - As a guest of the Chinese Academy in Peking and Shanghai.
AB  - At the invitation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Academia Sinica) the
      President and seven members of the Max-Planck Society visited the People's
      Republic of China in April 1974. Their aim was to become acquainted with the
      scientific activities at the institutes of the Academy in Peking and Shanghai.
      They also established contact with the University of Peking. In the course of the
      visit, the Academia Sinica and the Max-Planck Society agreed to have a regular
      exchange of scientists in future.

PMID- 1196392
TI  - Delta5-3beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase from Streptomyces hydrogenans.

PMID- 1196393
TI  - Anti-galactans: new classes of anti-carbohydrate presipitins.

PMID- 1196394
TI  - Depression of Thomsen-Friedenreich (anti-T) antibody in humans with breast
      carcinoma.

PMID- 1196395
TI  - [Chemical structural model of acetylcholine release through electrical impulse].

PMID- 1196396
TI  - [Synthesis of racemic pumiliotoxin C].

PMID- 1196397
TI  - Diapause factor in the brains, subesophageal ganglia and prothoracic ganglia of
      the silkworm.

PMID- 1196398
TI  - [Microradiographic study on subfossil bones].

PMID- 1196399
TI  - Effect of cortisol on serum creatine phosphokinase activity in disuse atrophy.

PMID- 1196400
TI  - Effect of carbamylation on human blood group M, precursor and A B specificities.

PMID- 1196401
TI  - Brain adenylate cyclase: its common occurrence in the capillaries and astrocytes.

PMID- 1196402
TI  - Seasonal differences in resting metabolic rate of Turdus merula.

PMID- 1196403
TI  - Choleresis and hepatic transport mechanisms. II. Influence of bile salt
      choleresis and biliary micelle binding on biliary excretion of various organic
      anions.
AB  - To investigate, whether binding to micelles has a function in hepatic transport,
      biliary excretion of three organic anions, phenolphthalein-beta-D-glucuronide
      (PG), dibromosulphthalein (DBSP) and indocyanine green (ICG) was studied in rats
      during saline, taurocholate or dehydrocholate administration. Taurocholate causes
      a weak choleresis with formation of biliary micelles, dehydrocholate a strong
      choleresis with little micelle formation. The two bile salts did not uniformly
      influence biliary excretion of the organic anions: biliary excretion of ICG (12.9
      mumoles/kg) and DBSP (75.0 mumoles/kg) was stimulated by both bile salts: ICG
      excretion most pronounced by taurocholate and DBSP excretion most strongly by
      dehydrocholate. Biliary output of PG (25.8 and 200 mumoles/kg) was not stimulated
      by bile salt administration. Binding of PG, DBSP and ICG to biliary micelles was
      studied in sedimentation experiments by ultracentrifugation. PG, DBSP and ICG in
      bile showed a similar sedimentation pattern as 3H-taurocholate in bile, which
      indicates an association of all three anions with biliary micelles. Thus, the
      influence of bile salts on biliary transport of organic anions varies with the
      compound studied and the bile salt used, effects which cannot be explained by
      differences in binding to biliary micelles.

PMID- 1196404
TI  - Inhibition of the action of bradykinin and acetylcholine on paravascular pain
      receptors by tetrodotoxin and procaine.
AB  - Intra-arterial injection of the algogens bradykinin and acetylcholine into the
      isolated perfused rabbit ear connected to the body by its nerve only elicit a
      dose-dependent reflex fall in blood pressure. Procaine and tetrodotoxin were used
      to investigate whether bradykinin and acetylcholine exerted their algesic effect
      via different types of nerve fibers. Procaine reduced the effect of bradykinin
      and acetylcholine to a very similar degree. Tetrodotoxin reduced the effect of
      bradykinin slightly more than that of acetylcholine. It is assumed that on the
      whole bradykinin and acetylcholine act via the same nerve fibers but bradykinin
      seems to have some more affinity to fibers with a fewer number of sodium channels
      than acetylcholine.

PMID- 1196406
TI  - Muscarinic inhibition of potassium-induced noradrenaline release and its
      dependence on the calcium concentration.
AB  - 1. Noradrenaline release from the isolated rabbit heart was evoked by perfusion
      with a medium containing 135 mM potassium and 17 mM sodium ions (high K+-low
      Na+). 2. The noradrenaline output in response to high K+-low Na+ was dose
      dependently decreased by methacholine (0.625-320 muM) and this effect was
      reserved by atropine 1.44 mM. 3. Lowering the calcium concentration of high K+
      low Na+ from 1.8-0.1125 mM decreased the noradrenaline output by 85%. The effect
      of methacholine, expressed as % inhibition of noradrenaline release, was
      potentiated by lowering of the calcium concentration. 4. Both at normal and
      lowered calcium concentrations the inhibitory action of methacholine was larger
      from 0-5 than from 5-10 min after perfusion with high K+-low Na+. 5. Perfusion of
      hearts with media containing high K+-low Na+ or normal K+-low Na+ caused
      noradrenaline outputs somewhat smaller than those after high K+-low Na+. The
      release from 0-5 min was both calcium-dependent and inhibited by methacholine. 6.
      High K+ and/or low Na+ solutions caused an increase in coronary perfusion
      pressure which was little affected by the noradrenaline released simultaneously.
      7. It is concluded that activation of muscarine receptors at the terminal
      adrenergic fibre decreases the availability of calcium for transmitter release.

PMID- 1196405
TI  - Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in the pineal gland increases the
      noradrenaline stores of its sympathetic nerves.
AB  - The administration of isoproterenol decreases the level of serotonin in the rat
      pineal gland and at the same time it increases pineal noradrenaline. These
      effects depend on the stimulation of a beta-adrenergic receptor because they are
      blocked by pretreatment of the animals with propranolol; this drug by itself does
      not modify either serotonin or noradrenaline levels in the pineal. The elevation
      of noradrenaline produced by isoproterenol is selective for the pineal because it
      is not observed in the salivary gland innervated by postganglionic adrenergic
      fibers from the same origin as pineal nerves. Pineal serotonin is stored in
      equilibrium in two compartments, i.e., the parenchymal cells and the adrenergic
      nerves and thus is most probably reduced in both sites. Since noradrenaline and
      serotonin are detected in pineal nerve vesicles and may coexist in them, the
      diminution of intravesicular serotonin, by making more storage sites available,
      probably determines the selective increase of pineal noradrenaline. A similar
      modification in the ratio of intravesicular amines as a result of the
      physiological stimulation of pineal beta-adrenergic receptors by the adrenergic
      neurotransmitter may explain some of the changes observed in the content of
      pineal amines.

PMID- 1196408
TI  - Early diagnosis and mis-diagnosis of congenital dislocated hip.

PMID- 1196407
TI  - Phencyclidine and ketamine: comparison with the effect of cocaine on the
      noradrenergic neurones of the rat brain cortex.
AB  - In slices of rat occipital cortex, the influence of phencyclidine and ketamine on
      the accumulation of 3H-noradrenaline and the subsequent outflow of tritium was
      investigated, and was compared with the effect of cocaine.--All three drugs
      inhibited the accumulation of tritium during incubation of the slices with 3H
      noradrenaline. Phencyclidine was slightly, whereas ketamine was much less
      effective than cocaine.--All three drugs accelerated the spontaneous outflow of
      tritium from slices preincubated with 3H-noradrenaline. The acceleration caused
      by low concentrations probably reflects an inhibition of the re-uptake of
      spontaneously released 3H-noradrenaline; in addition, high concentrations (10(-4)
      M phencyclidine, 3 X 10(-4)-10(-3) M cocaine and 10(-3)-3 X 10(-3) M ketamine)
      appear to release tritiated compounds from the neurones. The distance between
      uptake-inhibiting and releasing concentrations was much greater for cocaine than
      for phencyclidine and ketamine.--All three drugs enhanced the overflow of tritium
      evoked by electrical field stimulation. The increase probably reflects an
      inhibition of the re-uptake of released 3H-noradrenaline; in addition,
      phencyclidine appears to enhance the release of noradrenaline per pulse.--The
      actions of phencyclidine and ketamine on central noradrenergic neurones may
      contribute to the characteristic psychotropic side-effects of these general
      anaesthetics.

PMID- 1196409
TI  - A tale of tuberous sclerosis.

PMID- 1196410
TI  - The hemiblocks: diagnosis and clinical significance.

PMID- 1196411
TI  - Physicians' awareness and attitudes toward the retarded.

PMID- 1196412
TI  - Hepatic coma: theory and therapy. Part I. Biochemical mechanisms.

PMID- 1196413
TI  - The clinical spectrum of adult immunologic thrombocytopenia.

PMID- 1196414
TI  - Heredity and colon cancer.

PMID- 1196415
TI  - Immunologic response in pathogenesis and recognition of primary biliary
      cirrhosis. Part II.

PMID- 1196416
TI  - Thyroglossal duct cyst or ectopic thyroid gland?

PMID- 1196417
TI  - Drug use in pregnancy.

PMID- 1196418
TI  - Child abuse and neglect: a study of cases reported to Douglas County child
      protective service from 1967-1973. Part I.

PMID- 1196419
TI  - The claims-made policy.

PMID- 1196420
TI  - On the influence of chloramphenicol on the induction of lung adenomas by urethane
      in mice.
AB  - It has been shown by a number of authors that the antibiotic chloramphenicol
      (CP), produced in the USSE under the name of levomycetin, had considerably
      inhibited the growth of liver tumors, induced by various carcinogenic compounds
      [3,7,8,21]. Moreover, it has been found by ourselves and other authors that CP
      greatly reduces the toxic effect of carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons on
      cultures of embryonic fibroblasts of mice and the adrenals of rats [5,9,20,23].
      As the full extent of the antiblastomogenic activity of CP has so far not been
      studied, it was important to elucidate its influence on other groups of chemical
      carcinogens. In experiments described in the present paper we have investigated
      the influence of CP on the incidence of lung adenomas in mice after
      administration of urethane.

PMID- 1196421
TI  - On the enhancement of oncolytic effect of laser radiation by means of fast
      electrons.
AB  - Non-inbred albino mice were inoculated subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with
      Ehrlich carcinoma cells pre-exposed in vitro either to different doses of laser
      radiation or to fast electrons alone, or to both agents. The statistical data on
      the latency of tumors, their weights (subcutaneous inoculation) and the survival
      time in group "laser + electrons" (intraperitoneal inoculation) were found to
      differ considerably from those for the mice inoculated with the ascitic tumor
      cells pre-exposed either to laser radiation or fast electrons alone. The
      enhancement of the oncolytic effect of laser radiation combined with fast
      electrons is gained through the addition of the effects of each of these agents.

PMID- 1196422
TI  - A freeze-etch study of occurrence of nuclear pores in normal and tumor cells.
AB  - A freeze-etch study of nuclear pores performed on human lymphocytes, epidermal
      and corneal cells, on hamster fibroblasts, on rat and hamster sarcoma cells and
      cells from a human malignant melanoma, revealed that the frequency of pores as a
      part of very important biological cellular structures increases in proliferating
      cells, and that there is a statistically significand difference between normal
      and tumor cells. Once produced the pores maintain and their frequency practically
      does not change. The pores are randomly distributed on the nuclear envelope.
      Markham rotating method revealed an octa- or nonaedric outside shape of the pores
      and round inner margin with eight or nine granules. One bigger granule was found
      in the center of the pores. The granule is with a great probability filamentously
      attached to the margin of the pore. Fibrillar structures running to the pores on
      inner surface of nuclear envelope as far as the chemical composition of granules
      need special cytochemical examinations.

PMID- 1196423
TI  - Changes in nucleolar number of ascites tumor cells treated with actinomycin D.
AB  - In the nuclei of Ehrligh and NK/Ly mouse ascites tumor cells the number of
      nucleoli varies between 1 and 10. The average nucleolar number is 3.3 +/- 1.3 for
      both tumors. This value as well as the distribution of nuclei with various
      nucleolar number are parctically constant between the 5th and 15th day of
      transplantation. The nucleolar changes resulting from the effect of a single 200
      mug/kg i.p. dose of actinomycin D take place in two phases, almost in the same
      manner for both tumors. Within 24 hours the mean nucleolar number decreases by
      about 20 percent accompanied by a diminution of size of nucleoli. 15 to 20
      percent of nuclei does not contain real nucleoli but has small spots showing
      nucleolus-like staining ("scattered" nucleolar cells). The second phase is
      characterized by a 25-35 percent increase in the mean nucleolar number followed
      by a nucleolar enlargement. The process returns to normal within 6-7 days.

PMID- 1196424
TI  - Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) activity in hybrids
      derived from HGPRT+ and HGPRT- mouse cells.
AB  - By utilizing the selection system, a population of hybrid cells with the gene
      coding HGPRT and sensitive to 8-azaguanine (8-AG) was isolated from a mixed
      population of hybrid cells derived from malignant diploid HGPRT+ mouse
      lymphosarcoma cells (LS/BL) and L cells resistant to 8-AG (HGPRT-, R-AG/20
      strain). During back-selection of this hybrid population , cultivated in vitro,
      HGPRT- negative fractions of the cell population, resistant to 8-AG, appeared in
      a high frequency. As a rule, the telocentric chromosomes (or chromosome),
      originated from the HGPRT+ parental cells (LS/BL), were lost in these cells. The
      X chromosome of the LS/BL cells coding the HGPRT enzyme was not present in all
      cells of the hybrid HGPRT+ population. Hence it is assumed that the fusion of
      HGPRT+ (LS/BL) and HGPRT- (R-AG/20) cells resulted in a reexpression of the HGPRT
      activity from the R-AG/20 parental cells.

PMID- 1196425
TI  - Heterogeneity of human adenocarcinomas of the colon and the stomach as regards
      sensitivity to cytostatic drugs.
AB  - In the present paper a test model was used to examine if human adenocarcinomas of
      the colon and the stomach are heterogenous as regards the sensitivity to cytosine
      arabinoside, melphalan, vinblastine sulphate, amethopterin and 5-fluorouracil in
      vitro. The effects of the five drugs were measured as the differences in
      incorporation of tritiated thymidine and deoxyuridine in drug-containing tubes
      and control tubes. It was found, that different parts of eleven colon and five
      stomach cancers differ significantly in their sensitivity to the same cytostatic
      treatment in vitro.

PMID- 1196426
TI  - Occurrence of paraproteins in melanoblastoma.
AB  - Besides paraproteins in melanoblastoma, the study also follows the quantitative
      values of immunoglobulins during the course of the disease. According to the
      immunoglobulin values, the patients may be divided into two groups: those with a
      striking decline of IgG and a simultaneous generalization of the process; those
      without any significant alteration in the immunoglobulin values, but with
      paraproteins. The presence of the latter, particularly of gM became reflected in
      a stagnation of the entire process. Immunological results of sera from patients
      surviving 5 years, bear out this finding.

PMID- 1196427
TI  - Atopy and cancer.
AB  - Malignancies were observed less frequently in the closest relatives of the
      patients suffering from hay fever with the most proved hereditary liability of
      atopy than in the relatives of control groups.

PMID- 1196428
TI  - Vitiligo and malignant melanoma.
AB  - Six patients with vitiligo and malignant melanoma are reported. The relationship
      between vitiligo and melanoma seems to be a firm one. This process is supposed to
      represent an expression of induced autoimmunity.

PMID- 1196429
TI  - Main principles of the organization of cancer control in USSR and selected data
      on cancer incidence.
AB  - The main principles and the structure of the cancer control organization in the
      USSR are described. The trends in the incidence of selected forms of malignant
      tumors and regional differences in USSR are documented with statistical data.

PMID- 1196430
TI  - On the so-called MAC (Maximal Allowable Concentrations) for carcinogenic
      hydrocarbons.
AB  - The paper deals with some results of work done in the USSR to establish maximal
      allowable doses (MAC) for the carcinogenic hydrocarbon benza(a)pyrene in human
      environment. At the same time it is a brief review of some discussions on this
      item which took place in USSR and on the international level.

PMID- 1196431
TI  - Electrochemical properties of polycyclic compounds studied by the polarographic
      method in anhydrous systems. II. Polarographic study of carcinogenic nitrogen
      compounds in dimethylformamide and comparison of half-wave potentials with
      quantum-chemical calculations of molecular orbitals.
AB  - Reduction of half-wave potentials and the mechanism of reduction of 20 polycyclic
      nitrogen compounds were studied on a dropping-mercury electrode in anhydrous
      dimethylformamide using tetrabuthylammonium perchlorate as the supporting
      electrolyte. The measured values of the reducing half-wave potentials of the
      polycyclic aza-compounds were compared in view of their carcinogenic activity
      with parental carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons. Electrochemical measurements
      have confirmed that the size of the shift in reducing potentials towards the more
      positive values and the decline of the carcinogenic activity generally depend on
      the number and position of the nitrogen atoms in the molecule of the polycyclic
      nitrogen compound under study. At the same time, the experimental electrochemical
      measurements were matched with the results of the quantum-chemical calculations
      of the molecular orbitals and this showed a good agreement to exist between the
      values of reducing half-wave potentials obtained by experimental measurement and
      by calculation.

PMID- 1196432
TI  - Incorporation of exogenous DNA and its localization in the chromosomes of the
      host cell.
AB  - Incorporation of isologous 3H-DNA of exogenous origin into chromosomes of the L
      cells was investigated by means of autoradiographical technique. It was shown
      that during short time intervals of incubation of 3H-DNA with the host cells (1-
      3 hr), nearly double quantity of the mitoses was labelled, when compared with 3H
      TdR used as a control. During longer time intervals, no difference between number
      of the mitoses labelled with 3H-TdR and exogenous isologous 3H-DNA was observed.

PMID- 1196433
TI  - Methotrexate and folic acid effect in normal and sarcoma 180 bearing mice.
AB  - Four- to six-fold surplus of folic acid in oral application reduced the toxicity
      of methotrexate administered repeatedly in high therapeutic doses. The
      therapeutic effect of methotrexate applied intraperitoneally to mice with the
      ascitic S 180 sarcoma, as measured by their survival, can be reliably
      demonstrated; moreover, the survival can be prolonged by adding folic acid into
      drinking water. In the solid form S 180 the intraperitoneal administration of
      methotrexate did not significantly reduce the weight of tumors of treated aminals
      as compared to untreated animals. The maximum tolerated dose of methotrexate was
      lower in animals with the ascitic tumor than in non-tumorous animals.

PMID- 1196434
TI  - The influence of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-palmitamide on virus-induced sarcomas in
      chickens and Rauscher leukemia in mice.
AB  - The effect of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-palmitamide (PEA), an active endogenous
      compound, which may be useful in preventing virus infections of the respiratory
      tract, was studied in chicken sarcoma RBA-34 and mouse Rauscher leukemia. The
      experiments showed that PEA did not influence the induction, development and
      severity of experimental oncogenic diseases investigated.

PMID- 1196435
TI  - Soluble melanoprotein of tumor origin.
AB  - The procedure for isolating soluble melanoprotein from human malignant melanoma
      was described. Electron microscopy confirmed the absence of any contaminating
      organized particles. The melanoprotein was brown hygroscopic substance with 8.8%
      of melanin, easily soluble in water. The solution revealed general absorption
      with a shoulder at 280 nm. Chemical composition was typical for a melanoprotein
      complex with characteristic high sulphur content (2.1%) and abundance in zinc
      (210 mug Zn/g dry sample). Sedimentation and electrophoretic properties indicated
      relative homogeneity. Similar substance could also be isolated from Harding
      Passey mouse melanoma. Such soluble melanoproteins have been needed for their
      broad exploitation in tumor immunology.

PMID- 1196436
TI  - Level of SH groups in paraproteinemic sera.
AB  - SH groups were determined in the sera of 131 subjects with paraproteinemia and in
      100 healthy controls of a corresponding age. Significant decrease in the amount
      of SH groups in the serum was observed in IgG and IgM paraproteinemias.

PMID- 1196437
TI  - Perspectives in scintigraphic detection of gynecologic tumors using labeled
      estrogen.
AB  - After having succeeded in imaging the prostate with 131I-Estracyt in our former
      experiments we tried to use the same method for scanning gynecological tumors. In
      about fifty per cent of the patients (34 cases) there was a convenient
      accumulation of the labeled estrogen, first of all the adenoid tumors, myomas of
      uteri and carcinomas can take up this radiopharmacon. Though the number of cases
      is rather low it is to be concluded that tumors of hormonal dependence can be
      scanned using estrogen hormon. Further investigations are in progress.

PMID- 1196438
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin levels in cancer patients. I. Serum immunoglobulins and
      primary tumor localization.
AB  - A comparison was made between the mean values of immunoglobulin IgG, IgA and IgM
      in patients sera in various primary localizations of malignant tumors. The values
      ranged generally above the upper limit stated for the so-called healthy
      population, the highest being in Ca of kidneys of Grawitz type, Ca laryngis and
      Co bronchogenes. In the IgG class higher values appeared mainly in Grawitz tumor,
      however, a certain elevated level with respect to the other groups of
      malignancies occurred also in Ca vesicae urinariae and in Ca bronchogenes, but
      the differences are without statistical significance. No changes were observed in
      the IgM group.

PMID- 1196439
TI  - A definition problem in cancer metastasis.
AB  - Orthodox definitions of cancer metastasis state that deposits which qualify for
      this name are those found distant from the primary tumor. This qualification has
      led to considerable confusion in the literature. A study of the etymology and
      pathology of metastasis leads to the conclusion that the essential feature is
      transportation and not distance. Accordingly, metastasis should be defined simply
      as "the formation of another growth in any site following the transportation of
      tumor cells from the initial growth". This definition will probably improve
      knowledge of the statistics of cancer metastasis.

PMID- 1196440
TI  - Large-scale screening of the population of early detection of malignant tumors in
      the USSR.
AB  - Some selected data on cancer statistics in the USSR and results of the nationwide
      cancer screening activities are presented. The usefullness of some new methods in
      prophylactic examination is discussed.

PMID- 1196441
TI  - Stimulation of rat liver regeneration by chloramphenicol.
AB  - The administration of chloramphenicol in high doses (300 mg per kg body weight in
      6 hour intervals) to partially (70%) hepatectomized rats resulted in a marked
      stimulation of liver regeneration.

PMID- 1196442
TI  - [Social consequences of schizophrenia].

PMID- 1196443
TI  - [Accessibility for all: The significance of geographic location of psychiatric
      hospitals for the admission rate and length of stay. Comments and complement to a
      communication by H. Dilling (this J. 45. 73-75(1975))].

PMID- 1196444
TI  - [Psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care of mental patients. Comment on and
      discussion of the article "Undivided Care of Mental Patients in the GFR", BY H.
      Lauter, J.E. Meyer and F. Specht (this J.45, 497-498(1974))].

PMID- 1196445
TI  - [The concept of the "normal" in geriatric psychiatry].

PMID- 1196446
TI  - [Relation between physical abuse and permanent mental damage following long-term
      severe imprisonment].

PMID- 1196447
TI  - [Adolescent criminality].

PMID- 1196448
TI  - [Affective psychoses in adolescence].

PMID- 1196449
TI  - [Handwriting spasm].

PMID- 1196450
TI  - [3-year follow-up results in 31 paraplegics].

PMID- 1196451
TI  - [Life-threatening hypokalemic paralysis in carbenoxolone therapy].

PMID- 1196452
TI  - [Schizophrenia-like functional psychosis in encephalomyelitis disseminata].

PMID- 1196453
TI  - [Janov's primal scream therapy].

PMID- 1196454
TI  - [Therapy without diagnosis. Discussion of the work of Wolfgang M. Pfeiffer,
      "Verbal psychotherapy (client-centered therapy) of C. R. Rogers"].

PMID- 1196455
TI  - [Reply to the discussion of C. Weinshenk on the work of W. M. Pfeiffer: "verbal
      psychotherapy (client-centered therapy) of C. R. Rogers"].

PMID- 1196456
TI  - Idiopathic haemochromatosis: Juvenile and familial type - endocrine aspects.

PMID- 1196457
TI  - Primary biliary cirrhosis in sisters.

PMID- 1196459
TI  - Renovascular hypertension in renal tuberculosis.

PMID- 1196458
TI  - Percutaneous HAM-splenoportoscintigraphy, porta-systemic shunting and hepatic
      sinusoidal pressure in cirrhosis of the liver.

PMID- 1196460
TI  - Measurement of three-hour calcium absorption by double isotope technique. A
      critical evaluation.

PMID- 1196461
TI  - Effects of long-term low protein diet on albumin metabolism in chronic uremia.
AB  - The effects of long-term low protein diet on albumin metabolism of uremic
      patients were evaluated. Studies were performed on 62 patients divided into two
      groups depending on the duration of the diet (35 subjects from 6 to 30 days, 27
      subjects from 6 months to 5 years). All patients received a diet containing at
      least 20 g of high biological value proteins per day. Albumin catabolism and
      distribution were measured by the two-tracer technique, after simultaneous i.v.
      injection of 131I-human serum albumin and of free 125I-iodide. Albumin synthesis
      was directly determined in 10 patients by two tracers, 14C-carbonate and 131I
      albumin, according to the xanthydrol technique for specific activities of urea
      and albumin guanido carbon in plasma. The main features of albumin metabolism
      observed in both groups studied were: normal intravascular albumin mass, marked
      reduction of extravascular and total albumin pools, with proportionally reduced
      catabolism. No significant turnover difference was found between the first group
      and the patients on diet from 0.5 to 5 years, thus suggesting that dietary
      treatment per se is not responsible for the albumin depletion observed in chronic
      uremia.

PMID- 1196462
TI  - Autonomic function in patients with chronic renal failure on intermittent
      haemodialysis.
AB  - The cardiovascular responses to the Valsalva manoeuvre and sustained handgrip
      were measured in 26 patients with chronic renal failure treated with intermittent
      haemodialysis. Twelve (50%) had an abnormal Valsalva response and ten (45%) had
      an abnormal handgrip response. There was a reduction in the beat-to-beat
      variation of heart rate at rest in those patients who had abnormal Valsalva
      manoeuvres, independent of age or the resting heart rate. It is concluded that
      autonomic nerve fibres may be damaged in patients with chronic renal failure on
      intermittent haemodialysis in the absence of symptoms of autonomic neuropathy.
      These studies suggest three simple ways of testing autonomic function in
      haemodialysis patients which could routinely be performed to detect patients at
      risk of developing an abnormal reaction to volume depletion during haemodialysis.

PMID- 1196463
TI  - Chronic haemodialysis using saphenous vein fistulae.
AB  - Since 1969 four leg fistulae and 14 arm fistulae using the saphenous vein have
      been constructed in chronic haemodialysis patients. The operative procedures are
      described and the results show that these fistulae are an excellent alternative
      when the construction of Cimino-Brescia fistulae becomes impossible. Of the 14
      arm fistulae, nine are still patent and in use, three have thrombosed and two
      patients have died of unrelated causes with the fistulae intact.

PMID- 1196464
TI  - [Giant bilateral parasagittal fronto-parietal hyperostosing meningioma. Clinico
      therapeutic considerations in a particular case].
AB  - A case of giant bilateral parasagittal fronto-parietal hyperostosing meningioma
      is discussed. Its weight was 910 gr., it was removed in two operations and
      finally an acrilic cranioplasty was done. The patient pas followed for 24 years
      and no neurological sequelae have been found. He is still working as a farmer.
      The author reviews the relevant literature and discusses the differential
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1196465
TI  - [Catheterization of the sylvian aqueduct. Its present role in the surgical
      treatment of sylvian aqueduct stenosis of PCF tumors, and of syringomyelia].
AB  - Catheterization of the Sylvian aqueduct is an elective technique for the surgical
      treatment of syringomyelia with Chiari's defect. It completes efficiently the
      decompression of the defect and makes possible exclusion of the IV th. ventricle
      and of the ependymal orifice of the syringomyelic cavity. The operative results
      appear thus more regular and more stable than those obtained with simple
      decompression. Intubation of the aqueduct has opportune indications in the
      treatment of tumors of the P.C.F. in the case of incomplete exeresis or when a
      secondary blockade of the spinal fluid is to be feared. Intubation of the
      aqueduct constitutes a useful complement for those patients treated during
      childhood for hydrocephalon with sylviduct stenosis and that evidence lately a
      poor functioning of the ventricular tube with ventricles exhibiting a reduced
      volume and hypereacute accidents of intra-cranial hypertension.

PMID- 1196466
TI  - [Neurosurgery in strict asepsis. First trials in an operation isolator during the
      placement of 10 ventriculoperitoneal derivations].
AB  - Authors report on a series of ten ventricular-cardiac or peritoneal derivations
      performed under operative field isolation, air-tight and sterile enclosure that
      makes possible to perform surgery under strict aspsis. The first results compared
      with those mentioned in the medical literature, let foresee a fall in the
      occurence of post-operative infections. The technique is adaptable to
      neurosurgery and does not complicate the operative process.

PMID- 1196467
TI  - [Comparative study of complications observed in ventriculo-atrial and ventriculo
      peritoneal derivations. Apropos of 106 cases].
AB  - In this study that concerns 106 cases, authors insist on the frequency of the
      infectious and mechanical complications. They make a review of the etiologies and
      of the various materials used by themselves and study successively the
      mechanical, infectious and mixed complications, sector by sector. They drive, at
      each level, conclusions concerning the results with their subsequent lessons.
      Having recalled, in short, the principles of supervision of any child bearer of a
      "valve", they conclude by developing their present idea of the "ideal derivation"
      by on the base of the material submitted to experimentation. They insist on the
      value of the ventricular-peritoneal derivations in the new-born.

PMID- 1196468
TI  - [Arteriography in pituitary tumors. Pseudotumoral aneurysm].
AB  - In the presence of any "expansive process" of the sellar region, one must recall
      that in I % of the instances there may be the possibility of a pseudo-tumoral
      aneurysm. In a number of cases, neither the clinical study, nor the
      roentgenologic and tomographic balance of the sellar region, will allow to
      differentiate an aneurysm and a pituitary tumor. Only the carotid arteriography
      makes possible a diagnosis of certainty under the condition to make a bilateral
      study (compression being insufficient). This kind of investigation will therefore
      be systematic, particularly in those cases in which a sphenoid route of access is
      considered for the management of the expansive process of the sellar region.

PMID- 1196469
TI  - [Radicular sciatica due to an intrarachidian mucoid cyst in a child].
AB  - In a 15 years old boy, a sciatica appears, at surgery, to be related with the
      compression of one SI root, and into the epidural space, by a pseudo-cyst,
      limited by a connective wall and containing a mucoid substance. Authors note the
      similarity of this lesion with the para-synovial cysts of extremities and with
      the colloid degeneration of the tunica adventitia of some vessels or of the
      connective sheath of the peripheric nerves. To their knowledge, such formations
      with mucoid content, at the spinal level, have only been reported on in the adult
      subject; they insist therefore on their patient's young age.

PMID- 1196470
TI  - The roles of monoamine neural systems in the anorexia induced by(+)-amphetamine
      and related compounds.

PMID- 1196471
TI  - Effects of intraventricular p-chloroamphetamine and its analogues on cerebral 5
      HT.

PMID- 1196472
TI  - Comparison of 4-chloro-, 4-bromo- and 4-fluoroamphetamine in rats: drug levels in
      brain and effects on brain serotonin metabolism.

PMID- 1196473
TI  - Influence of midcollicular decerebration on the cardiovascular effects of
      ouabain.

PMID- 1196474
TI  - Influence of phenoxybenzamine on methamphetamine-induced changes in locomotor
      activity, oxygen consumption, body temperature and some metabolic parameters.

PMID- 1196475
TI  - Psychophysical scaling of olfactory, visual, and auditory stimuli by alchoholic
      Korsakoff patients.

PMID- 1196476
TI  - The effects of electrical (blocking) stimulation to the dentate of the rat on
      learning of a simultaneous brighteness discrimination and reversal.

PMID- 1196477
TI  - An experimental investigation of Luria's theory on the effects of frontal lobe
      lesions in man.

PMID- 1196478
TI  - Functional differentiation in the dorsal hippocampus with local electrical
      stimulation during learning by rats.

PMID- 1196479
TI  - Intra- and interhemispheric visual-motor control of human arm movements.

PMID- 1196480
TI  - Tactile perception of direction in relation to handedness and familial
      handedness.

PMID- 1196481
TI  - Differences between sinistrals' and dextrals' ability to infer a whole from its
      parts: a failure to replicate.

PMID- 1196482
TI  - Auditory hallucinations and left temporal lobe pathology.

PMID- 1196483
TI  - Lateral specialization for recognition of words and faces in good and poor
      readers.

PMID- 1196484
TI  - Serial angiotomography in supratentorial tumors.
AB  - Serial angiotomography is a selective investigative method which contributes to
      exact differential diagnosis and localization of the tumor. With the localization
      near the midline of the supratentorial tumors it can occasionally be the only
      arteriographical method which will bring a definite result. With basal processes
      the relationship of the tumor to the bones and dura can be demonstrated more
      accurately. In addition angiotomography brings new haemodynamic aspects with
      regard to the circulation time and intensity of the tumor stain of glioblastoma.

PMID- 1196485
TI  - Pineal veins in vertebral angiography.
AB  - Angiographic patterns of pineal veins in normal and pathological conditions are
      examined. The diagnostic value of these veins for midline growths is limited
      owing to their inconstant visualization, multifarious angiographic patterns and
      minute size. With this in mind, greater significance of classical displacements
      of the internal and basal veins is outlined.

PMID- 1196486
TI  - A practical approach to the phlebographic study of the lateral cerebral
      ventricles.
AB  - The main anatomical features of the subependymal veins of the lateral ventricles
      are summarized. The important role of the subependymal veins for the study of the
      size and shape of the lateral ventricles is outlined. The most typical
      modifications which occur in cases of ventricular enlargement or ventricular
      deformation due to cerebral tumors are illustrated. The importance of the
      criteria to be followed for the exact identification of the lateral and medial
      veins to each ventricular portion are stressed. This is possible thanks to the
      combined study of the phlebograms in the right angled projections.

PMID- 1196487
TI  - Dissecting aneurysm of the petrous portion of the internal carotid artery. Case
      report and review of previous cases.
AB  - A "spontaneous" dissecting aneurysm of the petrous portion of the right internal
      cartoid artery in a 60 year old man was demonstrated angiographically. It showed
      a typical double lumen which is rarely demonstrated by angiography. It was
      probably of atherosclerotic origin. In addition, a survey of the positions and
      angiographic characteristics of the 29 traumatic and "spontaneous" dissecting
      aneurysms of the common and internal carotid arteries found in the literature is
      presented.

PMID- 1196488
TI  - Outlet obstruction of the fourth ventricle in sarcoidosis.
AB  - Central nervous system sarcoidosis and its varied neuroradiological
      manifestations are reviewed. Two cases of mechanical obstruction secondary to
      sarcoid granulomata at the outlet of the fourth ventricle are described.

PMID- 1196489
TI  - Hemoclip-gelfoam emboli in the treatment of facial arteriovenous malformations.
AB  - Hemoclip-gelfoam emboli are more efficient than plain gelfoam for therapeutic
      embolization of arteriovenous malformations because of their weight and length.
      Additional advantages are ease of handling, fluoroscopic monitoring and
      suitability for conventional neuroradiological catheters.

PMID- 1196490
TI  - Catheter embolization of intracranial arteriovenous malformations as an aid to
      surgical excision.
AB  - Eleven cases of large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were treated from
      February 1974 to March 1975 by embolization via the internal carotid artery with
      beads, and 8 of them had subsequent surgery. There was one post-operative death.
      A second embolization was performed in 3 patients with further diminution of
      vascularity. Embolization improved the perfusion of the adjacent normal brain and
      was an important preoperative procedure which facilitated the operation and made
      it surgically feasible to operate on some cases which might otherwise have been
      considered to be inoperable.

PMID- 1196491
TI  - Diastematomyelia: report of eight observations.

PMID- 1196492
TI  - Rotational cerebral roentgenography. I. Evaluation of the technical procedure and
      diagnostic application with model studies.
AB  - A rotational cerebral roentgenographic technique with a 70 mm camera is
      elaborated in model studies of the plain and cerebrovascular system. The tube
      camera-unit rotates in a semicircle in 5 to 6 seconds around a skull placed in
      the isocentrum. All special projections of the skull are obtained routinely
      during one rotational manoeuvre, and intracranial calcifications, foreign bodies
      and abnormalities of the calvarium are demonstrated sequentially in oblique or
      tangential views. Studies of the basal cerebral arteries have shown that the
      localization, size and configuration of arterial aneurysms and stenoses can be
      demonstrated reliably without changing the position of the skull. An exposure
      frequency of 6/sec results invariably in excellent stereoscopic views. The
      diagnostic value and applicability of this technique is discussed.

PMID- 1196493
TI  - [Specimen tilting in the electron microscopy of thin-sectioned biological
      material (author's transl)].

PMID- 1196494
TI  - [On the demonstration of rat liver blood capillaries by scanning electron
      microscopy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1196495
TI  - [Centrifugation of plant cells directly on the rotating axis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1196496
TI  - [Personal experience in the surgical treatment of recto-sigmoid cancer. Methods
      and results].

PMID- 1196497
TI  - [Note on tumors of the colon].

PMID- 1196498
TI  - [A case of malabsorption syndrome].

PMID- 1196499
TI  - [Nephrovascular hypertension. Introduction to the round-table discussion].

PMID- 1196500
TI  - [The significance of the renin-angiotensin system in renovascular hypertension].

PMID- 1196501
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of nephrovascular hypertension].

PMID- 1196502
TI  - [Surgical treatment of nephrovascular hypertension].

PMID- 1196503
TI  - [Nephrovascular hypertension. Medical aspects].

PMID- 1196504
TI  - [Contributions of radioisotope renography].

PMID- 1196505
TI  - [Ultrastructural and histoautoradiographic studies of experimental
      atherosclerotic plaque].

PMID- 1196506
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis. Humoral changes].

PMID- 1196507
TI  - [Diet and drug therapy of hyperlipoproteinemia].

PMID- 1196508
TI  - [Biliary lithiasis in the aged].

PMID- 1196509
TI  - [Reoperations on the biliary tract in the aged].

PMID- 1196510
TI  - [Cholecystectomy in the aged. Anesthesiological aspects].

PMID- 1196511
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in a case of icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis].

PMID- 1196512
TI  - [Administration methods and optimal dosage of antibiotics].

PMID- 1196513
TI  - [The choice of an antibiotic].

PMID- 1196514
TI  - [Mechanisms of action of antibiotics and mechanisms of bacterial resistance].

PMID- 1196515
TI  - [Atypical pathological fracture in a case of Paget's osteodystrophy. Clinico
      radiological and photodensitometric study].

PMID- 1196516
TI  - [Chronic lymphatic leukemia and pemphigus vulgaris. Description of a case].

PMID- 1196517
TI  - [Evaluation of the behavior of carbohydrates and immunoreactive insulin in
      hepatic cirrhosis].

PMID- 1196518
TI  - [The so-called "porcelain gallbladder"].

PMID- 1196519
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the serum gluco-amylase test in chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1196520
TI  - [Esophago-jejuno-duodenoplasty after total gastrectomy].

PMID- 1196521
TI  - [Polyneuropathy caused by industrial glues. Clinical case].

PMID- 1196522
TI  - [The Cotard syndrome: atypical aspect of involutive melancholia. Considerations
      on 3 cases].

PMID- 1196523
TI  - [Prevention of recurrences of rheumatic fever and significance of the behavior of
      the antistreptolysin titer].

PMID- 1196524
TI  - [The diagnosis of rheumatic carditis].

PMID- 1196525
TI  - [Etiopathogenetic role of Streptococcus].

PMID- 1196526
TI  - [Immunological aspects of rheumatic fever].

PMID- 1196527
TI  - [Procedures and structures for primary and secondary prevention of rheumatic
      cardiopathies].

PMID- 1196528
TI  - [Mortality of cardiovascular diseases and hardness of the water in Turin in 1972
      and 1973: preliminary results of an epidemiological survey].
AB  - An assessment is made of the possible relation between deaths due to
      cardiovascular disease and hardness of the water in Turin during 1973 on the
      basis of a division into areas with different degrees of hardness and
      cardiovascular mortality.

PMID- 1196529
TI  - [Anomalous immunoelectrophoretic behavior of ceruloplasmin in severely burned
      patients].
AB  - Laurell's two-dimensional technique was employed in a study of the
      immunoelectrophoretic behaviour of caeruloplasmin in 10 major burn cases. A
      double peak was noted throughout the entire course. The second peak disappeared
      on recovery whereas it persisted and was well marked in the case of those who
      died. It is suggested that this pattern reflects the severe liver damage
      sustained by burn patients.

PMID- 1196531
TI  - [Modified graphic solutions for determination of the K coefficient in the rapid
      intravenous hyperglycemia test].
AB  - Standard and modified graphical solutions for K rate determination of intravenous
      glucose tolerance test are presented and discussed. Some practical notices are
      collected. The procedures proved useful for the diagnosis of subclinical diabetes
      according to the WHO.

PMID- 1196530
TI  - [Significance of lactate dehydrogenase levels in the fluid and serum in the
      diagnosis of pleural effusions].
AB  - Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LAD) levels were determined in 82 pleural effusion
      liquids and the respective blood samples from 58 patients. Effusions were classed
      as transudates and exudates on the basis of clinical and laboratory data. The 16
      transudates had absolute protein levels of less than 3 g/100 ml and a liquid:
      serum protein ratio below 0.5. LAD values were below 100 mU/ml and the liquid:
      serum ratio was less than 0.33, whereas both these levels were exceeded in the
      case of the 66 exudates. The liquid: serum LAD ratio is better suited for the
      differentiation of transudates and exudates, particularly if it is related to the
      liquid: serum protein ratio. Neoplastic effusions have the highest absolute LAD
      values and liquid: serum LAD ratios. Slighter lower values are noted in TB. Taken
      in conjunction with other parameters, liquid and serum LAD levels enable a
      transudate to be distinguished from an exudate and assist in aetiological
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1196532
TI  - [Personal experience with bilateral operations in thoracic surgery].

PMID- 1196533
TI  - [Pathogenesis of cerebral hemorrhage considered in the light of objective lesions
      in the arteries of the brain (in 226 cases studied by autopsy)].
AB  - Conclusions drawn from the post-mortem examination of 226 subjects who died of
      cerebral haemorrhage are presented. There were slightly more women than men (53%)
      in the series. Arterial hypertension (68%) was the main cause of death, while
      renal disease, leukaemia, angioma of the pons, and embolism due to bacterial
      endocarditis were also observed. The most frequently noted sites are listed.
      Since cerebral haemorrhage follows the rupture of one or more already damaged
      deep arteries, as assessment was made of the part played by vascular lesions. 13
      cases due to leukaemia and 35 to rupture of aneurysms of the polygon of Willis
      were discarded. In only 20 cases out of 138 in which convincing microscopic
      evidence of the vascular situation could be obtained was there an absence of
      significant alterations. The remaining cases consisted of serious hyalinosis
      (56%), fibrinoid necrosis (13%), and siderocalciosis (12%). An account is also
      given of the special pathogenetic conditions applicable to cerebral haemorrhage
      associated wtih serious gastrointestinal haemorrhage or recent myocardial
      infarct.

PMID- 1196534
TI  - [The anatomo-radiological syndrome of the empty sella turcica].
AB  - The anatomo-radiological picture of "empty sella" is defined. Cisterno - pneumo -
      encephalographic investigation for correct diagnosis is indispensable every time
      standard radiography of the cranium shows enlarged sella turcica in subjects
      presenting poorly characterized polymorphous symptomatology. This rare syndrome
      is encountered prevalently in generally obese females of middle age. A case is
      presented.

PMID- 1196535
TI  - [Directional hearing, temporal order, auditory pattern: new methods of
      symptomatological study of the central auditory pathways. Physiological data].
AB  - New tonal audiometry tests: directional hearing, temporal order and hearing
      pattern were experimented in 50 healthy subjects with normal hearing. These tests
      involve the ability to integrate and elaborate complex tonal stimuli at the
      central pathway level, in addition to the perception of tonal stimuli. The method
      and apparatus employed are described. In spite of the complexity of the latter,
      the tests are rapid and easily understood by the subject. They are thus suitable
      for extension from the laboratory into clinical practice. Their use has shown
      that the central routes display a variety of capabilities at different levels, of
      both dynamic and static type; the former are evaluated by the directional hearing
      test, the latter by the other two tests.

PMID- 1196536
TI  - [2 cases of "papillary tumor" of the parietal endocardium].

PMID- 1196537
TI  - [Disadvantages of mechanical valve prostheses in the surgical treatment of mitral
      insufficiency].
AB  - Various disadvantages may be encountered with mechanical valve prostheses in the
      surgical management of mitral insufficiency; namely: 1) Early and secondary
      disinsertion; this is nearly always partial and is usually accompanied by
      haemolytic anaemial. 2) Infection with nil response to antibiotics. Death from
      septicaemia may be rapid. Replacement of the prosthesis is otherwise mandatory.
      3) Thrombosis, usually partial, accompanied by one or more embolisms. Thrombo
      embolism is more frequently noted in the first 6 months after implantation and
      becomes less common as time passes. 4) Deterioration of the movable part (ball
      variance) consisting of changes in colour and shape, with swelling and unevenness
      of the surface, breakage, pitting and loss of elasticity. 5) Low stroke volume
      syndrome. 6) Erosion of the septum and serious rhythm disturbances. 7)
      Proliferation of endothelial tissue leading to narrowing of the orifice. 8)
      Disturbed movement of the movable part, leading to intermittent or permanent
      blockage and loss of opening or closing play due to the interposition of fibrin
      and blood clots.

PMID- 1196538
TI  - [Effect of 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoyl-aminocaproic acid on the cytolytic process in
      myocardial infarct. Working hypothesis].
AB  - The equilibrium of the ion pump is seriously disturbed at the cell level in acute
      myocardial infarct. The damaged cells are unable to take up potassium and this
      remains in the intercellular spaces, bound to acid substances released by the
      necrotic site. This results in self-perpetuating damage to surrounding tissue,
      together with extension and aggravation of the infarct. Early treatment with
      3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoyl-aminocaproic acid enables this secondary type of lesion
      to be prevented, since this substance is capable of fixing potassium ions and
      returning them to the cell.

PMID- 1196539
TI  - [Social importance of cardiovascular diseases].
AB  - The continual increase in such cardiovascular diseases as rheumatic and sclerotic
      cardiopathy and cardiovascular syphilis over the last 30 yr is noted. The social
      and economic effects of these diseases is stressed and the hope is expressed that
      more active and effective measures will be taken by the State, especially with
      respect to worthwhile and radical prophylaxis.

PMID- 1196540
TI  - [Radioisotope methods and technics in obstetrical and gynecological diagnosis].
AB  - Certain applications of radioisotopes to obstetric and gynaecological diagnosis
      are illustrated. Radioisotopes have been widely employed since the improvement in
      instrumental methods and the availability of short-life radioisotopes has removed
      the basic limitation which once prevented their use during the entire fecund
      period of the woman owing to the risk of radiation damage to the reproductive
      system. Particular attention is paid to the advances made in placental
      localization, in the study of thyroid and renal function in pregnancy, in the
      study of the diffusion of female genital tumours and relapses, and in early
      diagnosis of tumours of the uterus and ovaries. Dosimetric problems arising when
      using diagnostic techniques with radioisotopes in obstetrics and gynaecology are
      analysed.

PMID- 1196541
TI  - [Review of studies on the epidemiology of obliterating arteriopathies in Sicily].
AB  - Data relating to three statistical, clinical and epidemiological research
      projects covering a total of 350 cases of peripheral obliterating arteriopathy,
      collected by the same group from different Sicilian provinces and based on the
      same classification, are presented. Athersclerosis was a prominent feature (50%
      in the eastern provinces, 60% in the west), especially in the 6th decade of life.
      Diabetes, alone or in association with athersclerosis, was also more common in
      the west (18%) as opposed to the east (5--%). Burger's disease was noted in 3%
      and infection in 8% (presumably viral on 3.5%). Comparison is made with the
      national statistics produced by Corsi and the partial results of other Sicilian
      workers. The clinical data showed: a) the disease appeared at least 10 years
      earlier in subjects with athersclerosis and diabetes; 2) these subjects was also
      more exposed to the risk of coronary and cereabral involvement; c) asymptomatic
      forms were observable in 8% of atherosclerotics and 20% of those with both
      diabetes and athersclerosis. Reasons for the increase of degenerative forms
      throughout the world are discussed. Correct, systematic examination for the
      detection of forms with few or no symptoms is definitely required.

PMID- 1196542
TI  - [Correlation of some instrumental, metabolic and clinical parameters in cerebral
      atherosclerosis].
AB  - The epidemiological, clinical and instrumental features of cerebral circulatory
      insufficiency are examined in an assessment of the criteria required for correct
      diagnosis. The need to refer to both direct and indirect criteria is illustrated
      in the light of a series of cases. From the 4th decade of life onwards, males are
      more prone to cerebral arteriosclerosis. Hypertension, diabetes and obesity are
      significant risk factors. The findings obtained by various methods of examination
      are critically discussed. Their correct interpretation naturally demands
      correlation with the clinical data.

PMID- 1196543
TI  - [Studies of cardiovascular damage in subjects with altered purine metabolism].
AB  - The percentage of arteriosclerotic changes with or without dyslipaemic humoral
      deviation was studied in a sample of subjects with altered purine metabolism of
      various corresponding clinical expression and the percentage of hyperuricaemia in
      a homologous sample of arteriosclerotics. It is concluded that a definite
      dependent relationship between arteriosclerotic lesions and abnormality of purine
      metabolism remains a hypothesis and that between the two metabolic alterations
      there is a more or less indirect associative, chronological and dysmetabolic
      involvement relationship.

PMID- 1196544
TI  - [Protective effect of some hormones (insulin, testosterone, human chorionic
      gonadotropins) on testicular damage in alloxan diabetes in rats].
AB  - The effect of treatment with insulin, testosterone propionate and HCG on
      testicular damage in alloxan-induced diabetes was investigated in the rat. Both
      insulin and HCG offered protection, whereas testosterone, although it reduced
      blood sugar, did not have this effect. The protective action of HCG may be
      dependent on a reactive incretion of hypophyseal FSH.

PMID- 1196545
TI  - [The efficacy of pyridonolcarbamate in diabetic angiopathy].
AB  - A group of atherosclerotic patients, some of whom were diabetics with clinical
      and instrumental signs of angiopathy, was treated with pyridinolcarbamate which
      was found to be elective for diabetic angiopathy. This was seen in the
      improvement in haemocoagulative alterations (platelet adhesiveness and clumping),
      that in certain lipidico-plasmatic alterations (normalization or reduction of
      glycoproteins) and in anatomofunctional modifications at wall level (rheographic
      modifications and changes in the diffusion curves with Alb labelled with I 131).
      These improvements were not observed in atherosclerotic subjects.

PMID- 1196546
TI  - Permeability of the blood-brain barrier to long-chain alcohols from plasma.
AB  - Cis-9-octadecenyl alcohol was fed as a dietary supplement to adult male rats for
      7 and 14 days. At the end of these feeding intervals, lipids were extracted from
      brain and liver. The neutral lipids were analyzed for free and esterified long
      chain alcohols and alkyl and alk-1-enyl glycerols. Total lipid phosphorus, alkyl
      acyl and alk-1-enyl acyl phosphoglycerides were determined in the phospholipid
      fraction. A marked change was observed in these lipid types in the liver, but not
      in the brain. In liver the free and esterified long-chain alcohols increased
      threefold following feeding of the dietary supplement. Feeding cis-9-octadecenyl
      alcohol had no effect on the neutral alkoxy lipids of liver but resulted in an
      approximately three- to eightfold increase in the ionic alkoxy lipids.

PMID- 1196547
TI  - Food and nutrient consumption of two rural population groups of Italy followed
      for ten years.
AB  - Two groups of men, 40 through 59 years old, from two rural areas of Italy (one in
      the north and one in the centre) were subjects of dietary surveys on three
      occasions over 10 years, using the individual weighing technique. Over the 10
      years, changes in the consumption of some foods were observed; these were most
      striking in respect to cereals and legumes, which decreased, and to animal
      protein and fats, which increased. The decrease of energy was much greater than
      expected (partly explained by the current mechanization in agriculture in Italy).
      In one area a low intake of riboflavin was observed, but otherwise the diets
      could be considered to be nutritionally good. There was no correlation between
      some dietary variables and anthropometric and blood lipid data, as observed
      previously. This was probably because the population groups examined were
      practically homogeneous in regard to habits.

PMID- 1196548
TI  - Protein metabolism in rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions: dietary
      effects on nitrogen retention.
AB  - The protein metabolism of rats bearing bilateral lesions in the ventromedial area
      of hypothalamus (VMH) was studied in nitrogen balance experiments employing high
      protein and high fat diets. The catabolic effect of VMH destruction was to a
      great extent counterbalanced by increased protein intake. This indicates that
      increased amino acid catabolism, rather than impaired mechanisms for protein
      synthesis, is responsible for the poor nitrogen retention of VMH-lesioned rat fed
      normal amounts of protein. A trend of increasing nitrogen excretion with
      increasing dietary fat was found when the caloric intake of VMH-lesioned animals
      was elevated by substitution of dietary carbohydrates with fat. Persistent
      liponeogenesis in spite of the high fat intake, is suggested as a possible
      explanation for this observation.

PMID- 1196549
TI  - Bulking agents in the treatment of obesity.
AB  - The effect of two bulk-forming appetite depressants, methylcellulose and gum
      guar, on food intake has been studied in 11 (4 male, 7 female) healthy volunteers
      -3 of whom were overweight. 10 g of active ingredient were given in two equal
      doses daily for periods of 1 week of each agent. Individually weighed dietary
      intakes were obtained over four consecutive weeks; the first and third weeks were
      without medication. Both gum guar and methylcellulose were equally effective in
      reducing appetite by 10%.

PMID- 1196550
TI  - Effect of a low protein diet and isoenergetic amounts of a high protein diet in
      the weanling rat on the free amino acids of the brain.
AB  - Giving weanling rats a low protein diet for 56 days retarded the growth of the
      brain, whereas giving isoenergic amounts of a high protein diet did not. The low
      protein diet resulted in higher concentrations of aspartic acid, glycine, alanine
      and histidine in the plasma and of glycine and histidine in the brain. The
      concentration of methionine was unchanged in the plasma, but raised in the brain.
      Isoenergetic amounts of the high protein diet did not change the concentration of
      plasma amino acids, but resulted in some changes in brain amino acids. On
      rehabilitation the plasma and brain amino acids of the low protein animals
      returned to normal.

PMID- 1196551
TI  - Endometrial carcinoma in young women taking oral contraceptive agents.
AB  - The first 21 cases recorded in the Registry for Endometrial Carcinoma in Young
      Women Taking Oral Contraceptive Agents are reported. We have found no other such
      cases in the literature, and indeed several authors have stated that these
      agents, because of their predominantly progestional action, would be expected to
      be protective against this disease. In 8 of the 21 patients, factors were present
      which militated against a close relation between oral contraceptives and
      carcinoma, and 5 of these 8 patients had taken only or predominantly combined
      agents. On the other hand, 11 of the remaining 13 patients took sequential
      agents, a ratio directly opposite that of the usage of combined and sequential
      agents in the American population. The possible reasons for the excess of
      sequential agents, chiefly Oracon, are discussed, and directions for future study
      are suggested.

PMID- 1196552
TI  - Prognostic significance of cervical lesion size and pelvic node metastases in
      cervical carcinoma.
AB  - There were 289 radical hysterectomies performed at Roswell Park Memorial
      Institute for Stage IB, IIA, and recurrent cervical cancer from 1957 to 1967. The
      prognostic significance of cervical lesion size, pelvic node metastases, and type
      of radical hysterectomy have been evaluated. Excellent 5-year survival rates for
      women with Stage IB cervical carcinoma were associated with cervical lesions
      measuring less than 3 cm and resected pelvic lymph nodes which did not contain
      metastatic cancer. In addition, 31% of women with recurrent cervical cancer
      treated by radical hysterectomy survived 5 years without recurrence.

PMID- 1196553
TI  - Treatment of irradiation injury to the ureter by ileal substitution.
AB  - Ureteral obstruction following radiotherapy for cervical cancer is most often due
      to recurrent tumor. However, in a few patients ureteral stricture is secondary to
      radiation damage. Surgical treatment of this obstruction requires special
      consideration since many procedures for urinary diversion may be contraindicated
      in an irradiated pelvis. Ileal substitution (uretero-ileoneocystostomy) preserves
      renal function without resorting to external diversion of urine. A discussion of
      the method together with a report of 6 patients treated in this manner is
      presented. Results were excellent, with followup ranging from 11/2 to 4 years. A
      brief history of irradiation damage to the ureter and the use of small bowel as
      substitute ureter is discussed. Patient acceptance of this surgical approach was
      gratifying.

PMID- 1196554
TI  - Surgery for gynecologic malignancy in the aged.
AB  - The hospital records of 24 patients over 75 years of age who had 25 surgical
      procedures in treatment for invasive gynecologic cancer were viewed. The patients
      were matched with control intraoperative and postoperative complications
      compared. The incidence of wound complications was higher in the elderly
      patients, while the other complications were lower. Age should not be an absolute
      contraindication to surgery for gynecologic malignancy if the prospects of cure
      are good.

PMID- 1196555
TI  - Effect of povidone-iodine on herpesvirus type 2, in vitro.
AB  - Povidone-iodine solution (Betadine) at concentrations of 0.167% (v/v) reduced the
      end-point titers of Strain E.M. herpesvirus, type 2, by more than 99.99%. Even at
      concentrations of 0.0167% (v/v), povidone-iodine solution reduced the titers by
      92%. The iodine solution, per se, had no effect on cultured human fibroblasts in
      concentrations of 1.67% (v/v).

PMID- 1196556
TI  - Primary empty sella syndrome and amenorrhea.
AB  - The empty sella syndrome is defined anatomically and radiologically. A case
      report of an amenorrheic patient who was diagnosed as having the primary empty
      sella syndrome is presented. Its pathogenesis, clinical profile, and endocrine
      relationships are discussed. Specific reference is directed toward the capability
      of the empty sella syndrome to produce pituitary impairment and possibly
      amenorrhea.

PMID- 1196557
TI  - The residual ovary syndrome.
AB  - Previous reports have demonstrated a significant incidence of pelvic
      symptomatology involving ovaries preserved following hysterectomy, to be called
      "the residual ovary syndrome." This report, in an 11-year retrospective analysis
      of all oophorectomies at The Methodist Hospital in Houston, Texas, identified 202
      cases in which a previous hysterectomy had been performed. The majority of these
      patients presented with varying degrees of chronic pelvic pain (77.2%),
      asymptomatic pelvic mass (14.4%), and dyspareunia (67.0%). The incidence of
      malignant neoplastic change in these patients was 3.0%, related to whether
      hysterectomy was performed before or after the age of 40. In view of the
      incidence of the residual ovary syndrome and the risk of malignant neoplastic
      change when hysterectomy is performed after the age of 40, serious consideration
      of total ovarian ablation at the time of hysterectomy should be weighed against
      any temporary physiologic and/or psychologic benefits to be gained from
      conservation.

PMID- 1196558
TI  - Progesterone and estrogen secretion by puerperal human ovaries.
AB  - Plasma progesterone, estrone, and estradiol concentrations were determined in
      peripheral and ovarian vein samples in 9 women 20 to 30 minutes after delivery of
      the placenta during cesarean section. Progesterone concentrations in the ovarian
      vein draining the corpus luteum were significantly higher than the contralateral
      side or the peripheral concentration, confirming the activity of the puerperal
      corpus luteum. Estrone concentrations showed no significant difference between
      peripheral and ovarian vein samples, indicating little or no ovarian estrone
      secretion. The estradiol concentrations of the ovarian vein samples were
      significantly higher than peripheral levels. This indicates ovarian secretion of
      estradiol in the puerperium by areas other than the corpus luteum.

PMID- 1196559
TI  - Effects of norethindrone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
AB  - A prospective study was undertaken to investigate the carbohydrate and lipid
      metabolic effects of the oral contraceptive norethindrone. An oral glucose
      tolerance test was performed before and 1 year after the daily oral
      administration of 0.35 mg of norethindrome to 31 women. Measurements were made of
      glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides. During the year there was no
      significant weight change in the women, and the fasting cholesterol values were
      unaffected by the steroid. The fasting triglycerides decreased as normally occurs
      in the late postpartum period. There was no change in the blood glucose curve,
      but there was a statistically significant elevation produced in all of the plasma
      insulin values. These data suggest that this 19-nor progestogen steroid can
      affect the peripheral activity of insulin and thus require higher blood levels in
      order to obtain the same glucose homeostasis.

PMID- 1196560
TI  - Initiation of human parturition. III. Fetal membrane content of prostaglandin E2
      and F2alpha precursor.
AB  - Unesterified arachidonic acid is the obligatory precursor of the prostaglandins
      (PG), PGF2alpha and PGE2. In order to ascertain whether or not the human fetal
      membranes could represent a storage site for prostaglandin(s) precursor, the
      fatty acid content of human fetal membranes was measured. Approximately 20% of
      the fatty acids found in fetal membranes obtained from near-term, non-laboring
      women was arachidonic acid, whereas only 0.4% of the fatty acids of the parietal
      peritoneum of the mother is arachidonic acid. A small but significant decrease in
      the arachidonic acid concentration was found in the fetal membranes obtained from
      laboring women compared to that found prior to labor. On the other hand, the
      concentration of palmitic acid was increased in membranes obtained during labor
      while no significant changes in concentration in the remaining fatty acids were
      observed in membranes from laboring compared to non-laboring near-term gravidas.
      The significance of these observations in relation to the availability of
      prostaglandin precursor and the initiation of human parturition is considered.

PMID- 1196561
TI  - Bladder injury associated with rupture of the uterus.
AB  - Rupture of the uterus is still a very common obstetric emergency in developing
      countries, and the urinary bladder is often injured in these patients. This fact
      is not fully documented in the literature. One hundred consecutive cases of
      rupture of the uterus in patients admitted during a 10-year period to the King
      George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India, were analyzed. Bladder injury occurred in
      22%. Thus, uterine rupture constitutes one of the important causes of bladder
      injury. In uterine rupture cases the most common clinical signs of concomitant
      bladder damage are hematuria and meconium-stained urine. Instillation of
      methylene blue solution into the bladder during surgery can help to identify
      small bladder rents. Routine postoperative drainage of the bladder by indwelling
      catheter in all cases of ruptured uterus with suspected bladder injury is an
      important aid to healing of the contused, devitalized bladder and can avert
      vesicovaginal fistula formation.

PMID- 1196562
TI  - Relation of steroids and prostaglandin at vaginal delivery and cesarean section.
AB  - The simultaneous determination of estradiol, estrone, progesterone, and
      prostaglandins E and F has been made in fetal and maternal compartments in
      patients with and without the onset of labor. The decidua rather than the fetus
      or placenta was considered to be the site of prostaglandin synthesis, and
      prostaglandins present in the amniotic fluid during labor were thought to be a
      byproduct by myometrial activity rather than the factor initiating the onset of
      labor. Progesterone levels in the maternal plasma were lower during labor but
      estradiol levels were elevated. It was concluded that the steroid environment may
      contribute to the clinical course of labor by facilitating the local uterine
      production of prostaglandins. Whereas estradiol was high and estrone low in
      maternal circulation, the ratio was reversed in the fetus. This reversal may
      serve to protect the fetus from high maternal levels of estradiol.

PMID- 1196563
TI  - Further observations on the nature of pressor responsivity to angiotensin II in
      human pregnancy.
AB  - The pressor dose of infused angiotensin II was determined before and after rapid
      volume expansion with 800 to 1075 ml of high-hematocrit blood. There was no
      remarkable change in sensitivity to infused angiotensin demonstrated except in
      two instances in which transient volume overload developed. The data support the
      hypothesis that increased angiotensin sensitivity observed in patients with
      pregnancy-induced hypertension is the consequence of increased vascular
      responsivity.

PMID- 1196564
TI  - Amniotic fluid volume, total phospholipids concentratio, and L/S ratio in term
      pregnancies.
AB  - Amniotic fluid volume, lecithin/sphringomyelin ratio, total phospholipid
      concentration and total phospholipid per sac were investigated in 53 term
      pregnancies. A definite influence of amniotic fluid volume on the phospholipid
      concentration was noted, while no influence on the L/S ratio was observed.
      Amniotic fluid volume showed a tendency to decrease after the 40th week of
      gestation. The total quantity of phospholipids per sac showed no significant
      variation between the 36th and 42nd week of gestation.

PMID- 1196565
TI  - Clinical experience using intraamniotic prostaglandin F2alpha for midtrimester
      abortion in 600 patients.
AB  - Six hundred consecutive patients received intraamniotic prostaglandin F2alpha to
      induce midtrimester abortion. The PGF2alpha was administered by a general
      population of gynecologists according to a standard protocol. The aim of the
      study was to observe whether results would be similar to those reported in
      various research studies. Of 600 abortions, 460 were complete, 140 were
      incomplete, and there were no abortion failures. Other parameters were also
      similar to previous research results, indicating that PGF2alpha can be an
      effective and safe means of inducing midtrimester abortion when administered by
      the practicing gynecologist.

PMID- 1196566
TI  - Menstrual induction: its place in clinical practice.
AB  - From June 1973 to October 1974, 221 patients underwent menstrual induction in the
      private offices at a University Medical Faculty Group located in its major
      teaching hospital with ready access to operating room facilities. The rationale
      for subclassifying early abortion as "menstrual induction" is discussed. In this
      series menstrual induction was performed on patients who were 7 to 21 days beyond
      the date of an expected menses. Histologic examination of the tissue removed was
      consistent with a diagnosis of pregnancy in 98.2% of the patients. Complication
      rates following the use of the practices outlined in this report were acceptably
      low.

PMID- 1196567
TI  - High-risk pregnancy. Unresolved problems of screening, management, and prognosis.
AB  - In the field of maternal and child health the concept of the high-risk pregnancy
      has been used in many studies. However, it is still beset by problems that must
      be solved if any real progress is to be made. The ideal of a simple, reliable
      screening technique has not yet been achieved. Present methods are not only
      complex, they are not well validated. High-risk factors must be quantified if the
      values of various regimens of obstetric care are to be measured and if prognostic
      success is to be attained. Moreover, efforts at prediction should not cease with
      the current pregnancy but should extend to subsequent reproductive performance.
      This long-range approach to prognosis could not only improve patient care during
      the current pregnancy but could also become an essential factor in achieving
      optimal results throughout reproductive life. An extensive bibliography of
      studies of high-risk pregnancies is presented.

PMID- 1196568
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation in gynecologic cancer.
AB  - Disturbances in the blood coagulation mechanism are seen by the obstetrician and
      gynecologist as rare complications of abruptio placentae, retained dead fetus
      syndrome, amniotic fluid embolism, toxemia, saline amnioinfusion, and septic
      abortion. Two cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation complicating
      gynecologic malignancy are presented. Laboratory studies showed thrombocytopenia,
      hypofibrinogenemia, and increased fibrin degradation products. Derangements of
      hemostasis in patients with malignancy are discussed from a clinical viewpoint.

PMID- 1196569
TI  - Large bowel perforation by intrauterine contraceptive devices.
AB  - Two cases of large bowel perforation by intrauterine contraceptive devices are
      presented. Both the Lippes LoopTM and Dalkon ShieldTM have the potential of
      evoking omental adhesions and causing bowel perforation. These serious
      complications justify the immediate removal of a contraceptive device from the
      peritoneal cavity by either laparoscopy or laparatomy.

PMID- 1196570
TI  - Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal life in early pregnancy.
AB  - Ultrasound methods for detecting fetal life during early pregnancy are reviewed.
      By using recently developed techniques, fetal heart function can be detected as
      early as the 44th to 45th day of amenorrhea. Fetal movements in the amniotic
      cavity can be visualized from the 10th week on. If no signs of fetal life can be
      detected by ultrasound examination by the 10th week, the pregnancy is in
      jeopardy. However, the prognosis is favorable in over 90% of those cases of
      threatened abortion in which fetal life has been confirmed by ultrasound.

PMID- 1196571
TI  - Determination of regional manpower requirements in obstetrics and gynecology.
AB  - The number of trainees produced by a residency program must relate directly to
      manpower needs in a specialty, not to the service needs of the training
      institution. In order to avoid geographic maldistribution of specialists, it is
      preferable to determine correct trainee output on a regional basis and combine
      such information inductively to determine overall national needs. A model for
      determination of the number of residents appropriate to train in obstetrics and
      gynecology by 1985 in the University of Utah program has been constructed in the
      setting of regional requirements. Components of this model include detailed
      population growth forecasts at the county level, consideration of the impact of
      increased urbanization, age-specific data for attrition of regional specialists
      by death or retirement, and estimation of the proportion of regional requirements
      to be met by the University of Utah program on the basis of distribution data of
      previous graduates.

PMID- 1196572
TI  - Letter: Primip and multip.

PMID- 1196573
TI  - Cardiac arrhythmias during tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

PMID- 1196574
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the first lumbar pedicle.

PMID- 1196575
TI  - Mitoses in human epidermis. Clustering, sister cells, and findings suggestive of
      a spreading mitotic stimulus.
AB  - 40 sections 8 mum/thick from each of 60 biopsies of human skin were studied
      intensively by oil immersion microscopy. Mitoses occurred isolated, and as
      clusters of twos and threes. Some clusters consisted of or contained touching
      mitoses. These touching mitoses could result from sister cells of a prior mitoses
      staying together through a cell cycle and entering mitosis again together.
      However, even when these touching mitoses were excluded, the number of clusters
      left was significantly more than expected from chance. To account for the
      clustering we may postulate a mitotic stimulus spreading from mitotic cells in
      human epidermis.

PMID- 1196577
TI  - Lymphangitic pulmonary metastases secondary to breast cancer with normal chest x
      rays and abnormal perfusion lung scans.
AB  - Three patients with advanced breast cancer are described who developed
      lymphangitic pulmonary metastases with normal chest x-rays and abnormal perfusion
      lung scans. The abnormal lung scans can probably be attributed to embolization of
      the pulmonary vasculature, first described in association with lymphangitic
      pulmonary metastases in 1903. The importance of recognizing this condition in
      patients with breast cancer is shown by their frequently good responses to
      combination chemotherapy.

PMID- 1196576
TI  - Cancer of the thyroid following radium application to the neck.
AB  - A young patient, suffering from thyroid carcinoma 24 years after radium treatment
      of the neck, is presented. The cancer appeared in the area which has been
      irradiated. In the present case, the thyroid was exposed to a relatively low dose
      of radiation. The importance of ionizing radiation and its carcinogenic effect in
      the juvenile thyroid are discussed.

PMID- 1196578
TI  - Plasma and body lipids in patients with carcinoma of the breast.
AB  - Patients with breast carcinoma had elevated levels of plasma total lipids,
      phospholipids and cholesterol which were associated with increased amount of
      subcutaneous body fat as compared with the patients bearing non-breast
      carcinomas. The raised plasma concentrations of these parameters in the patients
      bearing breast carcinoma may be due to increased rate of lipid absorption as the
      fat-splitting enzymes, lipases, were also found to be increased in the patients.

PMID- 1196579
TI  - Preliminary report on the effects of localized head irradiation on the
      development of transplanted tumors in C3H/HeJ mice.
AB  - The growth rate, as measured by increases in volume of a transplanted tumor
      (adenocarcinoma), was compared in mice that were irradiated locally to the head
      and in nonirradiated mice. 6-month-old female C3H/HeJ mice were used, and those
      that were irradiated received dosages of 100 and 200 r from a Keleket 220 KVP 20
      Ma X-ray machine. The dosages were delivered at 6.66 r/sec through a 0.25 cu/1.0
      aluminium filter. The beam from the X-ray tube was then collimated through a
      series of lead shields before reaching the cranium of the mouse. 24 h after
      irradiation, some mice were transplanted into the left side of the axillary fold,
      with small pieces, approximately 2 mm3, of tumor tissue. Careful weekly
      examinations for 15 weeks after the initial transplantation revealed major
      differences in tumor volume between irradiated and nonirradiated animals.

PMID- 1196580
TI  - Species-specific neoplastic progression by ultraviolet light on the skin of rats,
      guinea pigs, hamsters and mice.
AB  - Repeated ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation on the skin of rats caused
      ulceration, scarring and epithelial tumors; 38% of the animals had ear tumors and
      5% skin tumors. Guinea pigs presented minimal evidence of neoplastic
      transformation; only two tumors were seen while hamsters displayed localized
      epidermal hyperplasia, and 35% of the animals had papillomas and keratoacanthomas
      of the dorsal skin. In Swiss mice UV irradiation caused ulceration, necrosis and
      hyperplasia; moreover, fibromas and fibrosarcomas occurred in 17 of 20 tumor
      bearing mice. Epithelial tumors originated from the proliferation of benign
      epidermal cells, through dysplastic changes in the surface epithelium, or from
      the borders of skin ulcers (in rats). These tumors were local and circumscribed
      in the hamsters, while covering the entire ear tip in rats. Dermal tumors,
      consisting of fibroblastic 'light' and 'dark' cells, occurred in mice previously
      showing extensive ulceration and scarring.

PMID- 1196581
TI  - A new approach to testing the effect of ultrasound on tissue growth and
      differentiation.
AB  - Pulsed ultrasound from a Picker Ultrasonoscopy Model 102, with a frequency of 500
      Hz and an energy of 2.2 MHz was applied to the amputated left forelimbs of 24
      adult newts. Exposure time was 5 min in half of the animals and 10 min in the
      remainder. The right forelimbs of these newts were also amputated at the same
      time, at the same anatomical level, and by the same operator of the left
      forelimbs, but were not exposed to sonication. Regeneration of both forelimbs was
      compared and found to be generally slower in the ultrasonicated limb. In 75%
      there was a definite retardation of growth. The results suggest that the the
      growth of rapidly proliferating embryonic tissue (newt regenerates are formed
      from embryonic cells in the stump) is inhibited by ultrasonication.

PMID- 1196582
TI  - Tumour-associated surface antigen(s) in human astrocytomas.
AB  - The cytotoxic properties of a hetero-antiserum have been used to demonstrate
      surface antigen(s) common to seven human astrocytomas. This has been designated
      human astrocytoma-associated antigen (HAAA). Tissue cultures of astrocytomas were
      prepared. A rabbit antiserum was raised to one of these and its antibody activity
      on the original tumour cells assayed by dye exclusion cytotoxicity testing. After
      repeated absorption with associated antigen(s). In a series of absorption
      experiments, HAAA was detected in six other human astrocytoma cultures, but not
      found in a series of other human tumours and tissues tested. Homogenates of two
      original astrocytomas absorbed out HAAA activity in a similar way indicating the
      presence of the antigen(s) in vivo. The significance of this HAAA is discussed.

PMID- 1196583
TI  - Electron-microscopie observations of a human schwannoma in organotypic culture.
AB  - A malignant Schwannoma of the cauda equina has been studied in long-term
      organotypic culture. Electron-microscopic observation demonstrates that, along
      with tissue organization, characteristic cell differentiation was retained in
      this type of culture, but with some morphological changes. As in the biopsy, the
      tumor cells were elongated and had abundant cell processes in vitro. An increase
      in the quantity of cytoplasmic filaments and changes in the form of cell
      processes were observed. Thus organotypic culture of human Schwann cell tumors
      provides a method of investigating factors which affect their development and
      differentiation.

PMID- 1196585
TI  - Channel selection and the suffix effect.

PMID- 1196584
TI  - Some toxic, physical and chemical properties of the oral secretion of the sand
      tampan, Ornithodoros savignyl Audouin (1827).
AB  - Mice, exposed to the effects of the oral secretion of Ornithodorus savignyi by
      injection, revealed that a potent toxin is present in the secretion.
      Electrophoretic and chromatographic separations of the secretion showed a
      heterogeneous pattern of protein-like substances. Toxicity trials on these
      fractions showed that the toxic principle is protein in nature and fairly heat
      stable.

PMID- 1196586
TI  - Letter versus dot stimuli as tools for "splitting the normal brain with reaction
      time".

PMID- 1196587
TI  - Temporal aspects of selective masking.

PMID- 1196588
TI  - Background stimuli and the inter-stimulus interval during Pavlovian conditioning.

PMID- 1196589
TI  - Further evidence on the effect of word imageability in dyslexia.

PMID- 1196590
TI  - On the relation between identifying and locating masked targets in visual search.

PMID- 1196591
TI  - Disturbance of the oculomotor system due to lateral fixation.

PMID- 1196592
TI  - The effects of chlordiazepoxide on the development of adjunctive drinking in
      rats.

PMID- 1196593
TI  - [Gastric polyp].

PMID- 1196594
TI  - [Study of the diabetogenic effects of chlorothiazide derivatives in asymptomatic
      diabetes].

PMID- 1196595
TI  - [Scadding's diffuse fibrotizing alveolitis].

PMID- 1196596
TI  - [The use of the Tenckhoff catheter in the treatment of chronic renal failure].

PMID- 1196597
TI  - [Congenital toxoplasmosis demonstrated by isolation and cultivation of the
      pathogenic agent].

PMID- 1196599
TI  - [Meckel's diverticulum and its complications].

PMID- 1196598
TI  - [Acid-base equilibrium changes in mature and premature infants following exchange
      transfusion].

PMID- 1196601
TI  - [Tracheal complications from chronic intubation].

PMID- 1196600
TI  - [Acute alcoholic hepatitis].

PMID- 1196602
TI  - [Endoscopic polypectomy in the colon].

PMID- 1196603
TI  - [Chronic bronchial foreign body in adult age].

PMID- 1196604
TI  - [Letter: Perinatal mortality, perinatal medicine].

PMID- 1196605
TI  - [Transient nonhemolytic nonconjugated hyperbilirubinemia following massive wasp
      stings].

PMID- 1196606
TI  - [True gonadal agenesis or true gonadal dysgenesis].

PMID- 1196607
TI  - [Resection of chronic left ventricular aneurysm with simultaneous mitral valve
      substitution].

PMID- 1196608
TI  - [A forgotten medieval disease].

PMID- 1196609
TI  - [Letter: Pregnancy interruption by vacuum aspiration].

PMID- 1196610
TI  - [Letter: More precision is needed in medical literature].

PMID- 1196611
TI  - [The role of vagotomy and gastric resection in the surgical treatment of peptic
      ulcer].

PMID- 1196612
TI  - [Developmental neurologic examination of premature infants. I. Nerve development
      and functional neurologic examination methods].

PMID- 1196613
TI  - [Study of the metabolic effect of miscleron (clofibrate) in animal experiments].

PMID- 1196614
TI  - [Penis strangulation by a metal ring].

PMID- 1196615
TI  - [A new method for the creation of an artificial stomach. Preliminary report].

PMID- 1196616
TI  - [Letter: Laboratory tests and economic principles].

PMID- 1196617
TI  - [Difficulties in describing the "visual" picture].

PMID- 1196618
TI  - [Surgical experiences in pacemaker implantation].

PMID- 1196619
TI  - [The role of sialochemical studies in the diagnosis of Sjogren syndrome].

PMID- 1196620
TI  - [Mathematical evaluation of results of oral glucose loading in children].

PMID- 1196621
TI  - [Significance of osmolarity in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1196622
TI  - [Labor induction with prostaglandin F2-alpha and oxytocin, accompanied by
      membrane rupturing as well as supportive prostaglandin F2-alpha therapy
      (comparative study)].

PMID- 1196623
TI  - [Clinical picture of idiopathic hypercalcemia in Hungary].

PMID- 1196624
TI  - [Comments on the subject of the length of the big toe].

PMID- 1196625
TI  - [Pulmonary sequestration].

PMID- 1196626
TI  - [Plasma estradiol level in diabetic pregnant women].

PMID- 1196627
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma and infiltrate of the stomach].

PMID- 1196628
TI  - [Pseudomyotonia (Isaacs syndrome)].

PMID- 1196629
TI  - [Successful resuscitation using extracorporeal perfusion].

PMID- 1196630
TI  - [Letter: Diagnostic value of enzyme studies in chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 1196631
TI  - [Letter: Clinical indications for oxolinic acid (Gramurin)].

PMID- 1196632
TI  - [Experiences with combined cyclic chemotherapy (COPP type) in advanced
      lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1196633
TI  - [Serum cholinesterase isoenzyme studies in diseases of the liver, biliary tract
      and pancreas].

PMID- 1196634
TI  - [Serum testosterone level in andrology patients].

PMID- 1196635
TI  - [Manifestations and clinical picture of pulmonary aspergillosis].

PMID- 1196636
TI  - [Studies on the interaction of nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid].

PMID- 1196637
TI  - [Letter: The value of preventive lidocaine therapy in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1196638
TI  - [Triphalangeal syndrome with finger-like thumb].

PMID- 1196639
TI  - [Microbiological study of 2-chloro-4-phenylphenol].

PMID- 1196640
TI  - [Cardiac tamponade caused by Kirschner wire].

PMID- 1196641
TI  - [Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema].

PMID- 1196642
TI  - [The development of pulse examination--with special reference to Chinese
      medicine].

PMID- 1196643
TI  - [Letter: Legal and ethical aspects of the cooperation of the radiologist and
      clinician].

PMID- 1196644
TI  - Personnel management rules 'critical' factor.

PMID- 1196645
TI  - Penicillin: multiple applications in rheumatic patients.

PMID- 1196646
TI  - Observations on hospitalized patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever.

PMID- 1196648
TI  - Electrocardiographic evaluation on dengue hemorrhagic fever.

PMID- 1196647
TI  - Studies on dengue in children at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta
      (May 1973--January 1974).

PMID- 1196649
TI  - A report on dengue hemorrhagic fever patients with viral isolation.

PMID- 1196650
TI  - [Editorial: Program of study for the etiological elucidation of children's
      attacks].

PMID- 1196651
TI  - [Psychotic manifestations in childhood. III. Abnormal reactions to adventures
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In childhood psychotic manifestations are in most cases due to somatic diseases,
      but may be psychogenic. Abnormal reactions to adventures especially to very
      abnormal occurances--for instance in families with psychotic members--lead to
      psychotic symptoms. The appearence of those psychotic manifestations is
      influenced by the age of the child, by his hysterical, anancastic or austistic
      character and the pathological features (paranoic or depressive) of the inducing
      person. Usually hospitalization for diagnostic and therapeutical reasons is
      necessary. In case of induced psychoses separation must be long enough and has to
      be combined with treatment of the primary patient.

PMID- 1196652
TI  - [Nitroblue tetrazolium-test and encephalitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The NBT-Test which is applied now in the differential diagnosis of viral and
      bacterial diseases was performed in 6 children sufferring from encephalitis. The
      modified technique described by Kim et al. was used. According to other reports
      dealing with NBT-Test in viral diseases all our patients showed normal
      percentages of NBT-positive cells. On the other hand a few authors report "false
      positive" NBT-tests in viral diseases. Therefore various factors, like stage and
      duration of the disease, damage of the phagocytes by toxins, influence of
      antibiotics, are discussed. Because of the occurrence of negative results in the
      early stages of bacterial meningitis the NBT-test in its present technique should
      not be used in differentiating bacterial meningitis from viral encephalitis.

PMID- 1196653
TI  - [Dysplasia renofacialis (author's transl)].
AB  - Potter-syndrome with agenesia of the kidneys and typical face is only one
      variation of the big group of renofacial dysplasia. Among our patients which are
      under treatment because of malformations of the urinary tract very often we see
      children with dysplastic faces or malformed ears. Therefore vice versa patients
      with alterations of ears and face should be exactly investigated to exclude
      urinary tract malformations.

PMID- 1196654
TI  - [Cyclizine-intoxication in six children (author's transl)].
AB  - Cyclizine hydrochloride (Marezine, Echnatol) an antihistaminic drug is commonly
      used for the treatment of motion sickness. During the past two years we observed
      six cases of accidental moderate intoxication with an average of 200 mg of
      cyclizine hydrochloride in children between 2 and 4 years of age. The symptoms
      became obvious about 1 to 2 hours following ingestion. Among the main symptoms
      our patients revealed were such as excitement, incoordination, ataxia, athetoid
      movements and severe hallucinationes. The faces were flushed, the pupils dilated,
      but dryness of the mouth and hoarseness were never found. Convulsions did not
      occur. The treatment is purely symtomatic, histamine, apomorphine, phenothiazines
      and analeptics should not be used.

PMID- 1196655
TI  - [Epidemiologic and bronchologic aspects of chronic bronchitis in childhood
      (author's transl)].
AB  - After establishing a suitable definition of chronic and relapsing bronchitis in
      childhood in the G.D.R. in 1969 corresponding epidemiologic studies carried out
      in school beginners and school children in Dresden revealed a prevalence rate of
      1,64% to 3,06% for this disease. The analysis of bronchologic examinations of 274
      children performed at the Pediatric Clinic of the Medical Academy Dresden during
      the last four years showed a deforming bronchitis as the most frequent finding in
      the bronchogram of 51% of the patients. Malformations of the tracheobronchial
      tree could be demonstrated in 16% of the children examined. The frequency of
      bronchiectases was at a very low level (9%) and showed a regression by the half
      as compared with former results. The results of bacteriological examinations of
      the bronchial secretion, quantitative analyses of the immune globulins in the
      serum and the bronchial secretion and the alpha-1-antitrypsin are discussed as
      causative factors for chronic and relapsing bronchitis in childhood. For
      assessing the prognosis of deforming bronchitis 220 children had a bronchologic
      follow-up examination in four bronchologic centers for children in the G.D.R.
      after a one or several years' dispensary treatment. An improvement or a
      normalisation of the findings could be demonstrated by means of the bronchogram
      in 62% of these patients, whereas a deterioration or a transition to
      bronchiectases was observed in only 22% of the patients.

PMID- 1196656
TI  - [On the differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia (author's transl)].
AB  - Differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia is discussed, with regard to the
      classification into corpuscular and extracorpuscular types of hemolysis. Presence
      of antibodies in a patient's serum, indicate extracorpuscular-acquired hemolytic
      anemia. Coombs test may be positive or negative according to the antibody
      present. A primary disease has to be excluded in each case. Abnormal hemoglobin,
      defect of the corpuscular-hereditary type. Direct laboratory enzyme estimation
      indicate enzyme deficiency (Glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase, Pyruvate-kinase,
      Glutathione-reductase). Hemoglobinelectrophoresis and special tests for unstable
      hemoglobins indicate this type of disturbance. For defect of the membrane
      measuring of osmotic fragility might be helpful. Activity of membrane enzymes and
      introduction of 32P in the fractionated membrane lipids, point out special types
      of a deficient membrane. 6 of our own cases are discussed.

PMID- 1196657
TI  - [Congenital pernicious anemia (author's transl)].
AB  - Pernicious anemia is a rare disease of the pediatric age-group. Two kinds of
      pernicious anemia are known for this period, the "congenital" and the "iuvenile"
      form. Both are characterized by a megaloblastic anemia and a deficiency of the
      intrinsic-factor. The congenital form unusually begins before the second year of
      age and does not have changes of the mucous membranes of the stomach. The
      iuvenile form also called "adolescent or auto-immune pernicious anemia" has its
      beginning in the later childhood and shows like the adult form atrophy of the
      mucous membrane of the stomach, anacidity and antibodies against the intrinsic
      factor and parietalcells. A patient with congenital pernicious anemia is
      presented; the symptoms, diagnosis, differentialdiagnosis and therapy of this
      disease is reviewed.

PMID- 1196658
TI  - [Coarctation of the aorta (author's transl)].
AB  - There is given a short summary of coarctation of the aorta, with clinical
      picture, complications and indication for operation. Pre- and postoperative blood
      pressures are correlated in the own material of 43 children.

PMID- 1196659
TI  - [Liver diseases in childhood].

PMID- 1196660
TI  - [Effect of insulin and glucagon on the anomeric composition of D-glucose in blood
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of insulin and glucagon on the anomeric composition of D-glucose in
      blood of children in the timecourse of tolerance tests has been investigated.
      Employing an improved enzymatic micromethod, specific for the anomers of D
      glucose, insulin could be shown to raise the percentage of the alpha-anomer of
      the total serum glucose, whereas glucagon has no direct effect on the anomeric
      composition. However, an insulin-like effect could be observed in the second part
      of the glucagon tolerance test, e.g. alpha-D-glucose increased relatively to
      total glucose in serum and erythrocytes.

PMID- 1196661
TI  - [Diagnosis of intelligence and personality in 23 cases of Turner syndrome
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The psychological examination of 23 Turner-patients from 6 to 35 years of age
      gave the following results: 1. The mean Verbal IQ in the Hamburg-Wechsler-Test
      was 100,7. The Performance IQ was significantly lower, a result which is
      characteristic for organic brain damages. 2. Two thirds of the patients had a
      better curriculum than one would expect from the IQ. 3. In the Rorschach Test
      most patients showed signs of inhibition. 4. In reaction to the disorders the
      patients have inferiority complexes during puberty. When marriageable most
      patients find a partner. The desire for a child then tends to become less
      important.

PMID- 1196662
TI  - [A scheme for RDS-prediction (author's transl)].
AB  - The presented scheme combines perinatal data through a formal-logic conclusion to
      a prediction concerning the occurrence of a respiratory disease, respiratory
      symptoms within the first 6 postnatal hours, RDS and death from RDS. The quality
      of prediction was examined on 140 prematures by calculating predictiv value,
      sensitivity and specificity of the selectiv scheme. In addition the prognosis for
      the selected groups was determined at four different times.

PMID- 1196663
TI  - [Infectious mononucleosis--therapy in general practice. Short communication].

PMID- 1196664
TI  - [Polyneuropathy due to nitrofurantoin].

PMID- 1196665
TI  - [New data on the postembryonal development of some members of Monogenoidea].

PMID- 1196666
TI  - [Cercaria splendens Szidat--larva of the trematode Azygia lucii Looss].
AB  - The belonging of the only one "gigantic cercaria", Cercaria splendens, to the
      species Azygia lucii was proved experimentally. The geographic distribution of A.
      lucii is considerably wider than it has been indicated up to now. The
      distribution area of A. robusta is also confined not only to the Asiatic part of
      the USSR. The following characters are suggested for distinguishing the Azygia
      species: the shape and size of the pharynx, the spread of vitellaria beyond the
      posterior border of the testes and ratio between the sizes of suckers.

PMID- 1196667
TI  - [Dynamics of the parasite fauna of various forms of chars, salvelinus alpinus L.,
      of the Lake Azabach'e basin].
AB  - The paper deals with age changes in the parasite fauna of different intraspecific
      forms of chars. It is shown that this year brood and yearlings of predatory,
      benthofagous, stream and anadromous chars up to 10 cm in length have a similar
      parasite fauna. During the second year of life the chars come to different
      feeding; correspondingly changes their parasite fauna which differs considerably
      in the above forms of chars. Two groups of parasites are distinguished the
      infection with which increases and decreases with the age of fishes. Observations
      were carried out on the life cycles, developmental and maturation periods of some
      parasites of chars. Biological peculiarities of some mixosporidia are studied. A
      shift in the developmental periods of helminths is noted as compared to those
      from the European part of the USSR.

PMID- 1196668
TI  - [2 representatives of parasitic isopods of the genus Lironeca (Cymotnoidae) from
      the Australia-New Zealand region].

PMID- 1196669
TI  - [Experience in the study of the peculiarities of the distribution of the tick
      Ixodes ricinus in a large territory].
AB  - Attempts were undertaken to study the character of the distribution of I. ricinus
      over a large territory. Methodic principles of the land survey of arthropods
      distribution and laboratory processing of its results, that were used before for
      I. persulcatus, were found to be quite suitable for I. ricinus. It was
      established that hungry adults of I. ricinus have at least three types of the
      distribution throughout the forests of Lithuania. Types of the distribution can
      be ascertained by the results of the record of I. ricinus nymphs with a flag.

PMID- 1196670
TI  - [Feeding and reproduction of XX Ctenophthalus wagneri Tifl., 1928
      (Ctenophthalmidae, Siphonaptera) in experiments].
AB  - Under laboratory conditions at 20 to 21 degrees C young imagos of C. wagneri
      proceed quickly to feeding and reproduction. They suck blood about three times a
      day and females oviposit three times, each laying consisting of three eggs. When
      placed in a refrigirator at 2 to 5 degrees some young individuals lay eggs, while
      others do not start oviposition up to 5 months (observation period). Fleas, which
      already laid eggs under laboratory conditions, being transferred into a
      refrigirator decrease the degree of their attachment to the host and feeding
      frequency (up to one time a day). Oogenesis of females is inhibited and most of
      them cease egg laying.

PMID- 1196671
TI  - [Viability of sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) under the influence
      of infection with promastigotes of various species of Leishmania].
AB  - Sand flies were infected with different species of promastigotes from reptiles
      and warm-blooded animals. Optimal doses of promastigotes were used which ensured
      the adaptation of Protozoa in the host's intestine. The infection with a mixed
      culture resulted in the death of most Sand flies: the mortality rate was the
      highest at the simultaneous introduction of two species and was some what lower
      at the subsequent infection. The survival of Sand flies infected with one species
      of leishmania decreased to the greatest extent if "incidental" for them strains
      of promastigotes were introduced: for Ph. papatasi -- cultures isolated from
      reptiles, for Sergentomyia arpaklensis -- those isolated from L. tropica major.
      Natural infection rate of the genera Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia with leishmania
      of different species agrees with laboratory data on the survival of sand flies.
      Ph. caucasicus and Ph. papatasi are infected, in general, with L. tropica major,
      S. arpaklensis -- with L. gymnodactyli.

PMID- 1196672
TI  - [Distribution of apiosomae on the body of fishes in the light of the parasite
      host relationship].
AB  - The paper deals with the distribution of apiosomae over the body of fishes. The
      microecological condition (inhabitation on the skin, fins and gills) are
      analysed. Quantitative regularities are revealed in the distribution of apiosomae
      which are associated with differences in the inhabitation conditions on various
      parts of the nost's body and the character or morphological variability resulting
      from these differences. It was established that the fins, espeically the paired
      ones, and the surface of the body are most favourable for apiosomae. The gills
      have the least invasion density.

PMID- 1196673
TI  - [Some problems in the study of mermitids for the purpose of the biological
      control of midges].
AB  - The method of "flooding" with mermitids, which was successfully used against
      mosquitoes, is unreal for biological control of black flies because of
      difficulties and unprofitableness of their laboratory maintenance and
      reproduction. A more probable way of solving the problem is the untroduction of
      effective forms of parasites. In perspective the cultivation of the adipose
      tissue of the host and biochemical overcoming of its protective reactions are
      necessary.

PMID- 1196674
TI  - The pathology of the liver in hemochromatosis.

PMID- 1196675
TI  - Hemopoietic stem cells: An analytic review of hemopoiesis.
AB  - Current knowledge and concepts about stem cells are reviewed. The best
      morphologic candidate today is a small nonlymphocytic bone marrow cell in mouse
      and monkey. Methods for concentration and separation of pluripotent and committed
      stem cells in mouse and monkey are well advanced. There is a common committed
      stem cell for granulocytes and macrophages. Tissue microenvironment and cell-cell
      interaction play important roles in determining the direction of differentiation
      of pluripotent stem cells in vivo. These factors are not required for in vitro
      growth and differentiation or in vivo growth in diffusion chambers. The CSF is
      produced by the monocyte-macrophage family of cells as well as other tissues. CSF
      is not produced by granulocytes. The latter, in fact, appear to inhibit
      granulopoiesis. An in vivo effect of CSF has not yet been convincingly
      demonstrated. Erythropoietin acts by initiating hemoglobin synthesis at CSC level
      and accelerating its synthesis in the differentiated erythropoietic compartments.
      Hypoxia produces respiratory alkalosis leading to an increased erythrocyte oxygen
      affinity Ep secretion followed by an increase in 2,3 DPG in erythrocytes and an
      increased flow of oxygen to tissues. Pluripotent and committed stem cells migrate
      through the blood. The daily blood turnover rate is equal to estimated pool of
      PHSC in the marrow. Presumably, the PHSC and the CSC are in dynamic exchange
      between the blood and blood-forming tissues. There is growing evidence that
      thymic cells exert a stimulatory effect on regeneration of injured PHSC and may
      in fact be related to normal steady-state kinetics. Hypoxia, bleeding, radiation,
      chemotherapeutic agents, and endotoxin direct an increased fraction of PHSC and
      CFU-C into DNA synthesis, thus increasing the number of cells produced per cell
      present. Whether absolute production increases depends on the total number of
      PHSC in S. Several lines of evidence now suggest the existence of a fast
      intramedullary feedback loop by which the PHSC senses depletion of the
      differentiated compartments and directs PHSC to differentiate, thus initially
      depleting the PHSC, which then shifts gears and produces more cells by the
      remaining cells going into S. A kinetic model of human PHSC and CSC is proposed
      based on known erythrocyte cell and granulocyte turnover rates and the structure
      of human marrow. This model states that in vitro assays for CSC grossly
      underestimate their abundance in the marrow. The frequency of mitosis was
      calculated based on the foregoing model, and it was suggested that human stem
      cells can divide many more times than human fibroblasts in culture.

PMID- 1196676
TI  - Atypical fibroxanthoma of skin: an electron microscope study.
AB  - The ultrastructure of two atypical fibroxanthomas of skin is described. Most of
      the tumour cells were elongate, and contained abundant rough endoplasmic
      reticulum, well developed Golgi zones, and numerous small vesicles and filaments,
      the latter sometimes being related to masses of electron-dense material near the
      plasma-lemma. Their nuclei often showed deep surface indentations. The
      appearances were similar to those found in the socalled myfibroblasts that occur
      in granulation tissue. Multinucleated giant cells and lipid-laden cells in the
      tumours appeared to be merely modified forms of the basic cells type.

PMID- 1196677
TI  - Immunoglobulin M in Murray Valley encephalitis.
AB  - Twelve clinical cases of Murray Valley encephalitis are described, in which the
      sero-diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of Murray Valley encephalitis
      immunoglobulin M.

PMID- 1196678
TI  - Minocycline, doxycycline and tetracycline levels in serum and bronchial
      secretions of patients with chronic bronchitis.
AB  - Serum and sputum levels of minocycline, doxycycline and tetracycline were
      determined in patients with chronic bronchitis who were producing copious amounts
      of purulent sputum. Antibiotic estimations were carried out by the plate agar
      diffusion method using the Oxford staphylococcus. A close correlation was
      obtained between the sputum and the average serum levels for patients receiving
      tetracycline. Values obtained for minocycline showed a poor correlation between
      serum and sputum. A correlation between serum and sputum levels of doxycycline
      could not be established due to the low levels present in sputum. Our results
      indicate that while adequate serum levels of tetracycline reflect the attainment
      of theapeutic concentrations in bronchial secretions; the same predictions cannot
      be made for minocycline or doxycycline.

PMID- 1196679
TI  - Teratomas in childhood.
AB  - Of 107 teratomas in children, 86 were benign and 21 malignant. Sacrococcygeal and
      pelvic teratomas predominated (51 cases) and these fell into 3 groups: post
      sacral, dumb-bell and presacral. The 34 purely posterior tumours were always
      congenital and benign, whilst the incidence of malignancy in dumb-bell and
      presacral teratomas increased as the tumour became more internal. Malignant
      teratomas were carcinomas, usually containing glandular, papillary and clear-cell
      areas, and metastases were similar. Immature tissues in benign teratomas were
      usually neural or connective tissue. They did not give rise to neuroblastomas or
      sarcomas, and did not indicate a worse prognosis. Only 2 originally benign
      teratomas later developed malignancy.

PMID- 1196680
TI  - Antigen absorption from the small intestine and gastrointestinal disease.
AB  - In this article, I have attempted to summarize the concept of intestinal
      permeability to antigens such as ingested food proteins, bacterial breakdown
      products, endotoxins, and enzymes. The mature gut retains the capacity to absorb
      macromolecules by a pinocytotic mechanism which is more pronounced during the
      neonatal period. The vast majority of individuals have no ill effects from the
      intestinal transport of large molecules. However, when increased quantities of
      toxic or antigenic macromolecules gain access to the body because of a
      derangement in the intraluminal digestive process or because of a defect in the
      mucosal barrier, antigen absorption may be altered and result in either local
      intestinal or systemic disorders. The speculative concepts suggesting that
      clinical disease states may be associated with altered mucosal permeability have
      been discussed.

PMID- 1196681
TI  - Cow's milk protein allergy.

PMID- 1196682
TI  - [Disorders of the acid-base balance of the blood in acute digestive disturbances
      in infants].

PMID- 1196683
TI  - [State of the intestinal microflora in infants receiving albumin paste].

PMID- 1196684
TI  - [Peculiarities of the clinical course of "cat scratch" disease in children].

PMID- 1196685
TI  - [Microbiologic characteristics of chronic tonsillitis in children].

PMID- 1196686
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of intradermal vaccination with BCG depending
      upon the form and size of the area of injection].

PMID- 1196687
TI  - [Review of scientific studies of the problem of "age-related peculiarities of the
      child organism in normal and pathological states" in the Ukraine in 1973-4].

PMID- 1196688
TI  - [Primary severe vaccinal process of the mucous membrane of the genital organs in
      an unvaccinated girl].

PMID- 1196689
TI  - [Case of sudden death of a child with smallpox].

PMID- 1196690
TI  - [Clinical analysis of influenza infections in children with lethal outcomes in
      the period of 1974-1975 in the separate regions of the Ukraine].

PMID- 1196691
TI  - [Dynamics of the indices of water-electrolyte metabolism in pregnant women in the
      process of treatment of toxicosis].

PMID- 1196692
TI  - [Clinico-hysterographic characteristics of the effects of the preparation NO-ShPA
      on the contractile function of the uterus in childbirth].

PMID- 1196693
TI  - [Level of somatotropic hormones in the newborn, the parturient and the amniotic
      fluid].

PMID- 1196694
TI  - [Influence of individual and combination ligation of the uterine artery and the
      uterine vein on the internal genital organ and the effectiveness of the
      operation].

PMID- 1196695
TI  - [Change in the cytological picture of the vaginal smear under the influence of
      mud therapy in patients with disorders of the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 1196696
TI  - [Programmed apparatus for Kymographic hydrotubation].

PMID- 1196697
TI  - [Histomorphologic changes in the lymph nodes following chromolymphography in
      cancer of the uterus].

PMID- 1196698
TI  - [Quality of dispensary observations of children in rural regions].

PMID- 1196699
TI  - [Analysis of the causes of the low effectiveness of treatment of cancer of the
      ovary].

PMID- 1196700
TI  - [Surgical treatment of a bladder-vaginal fistula].

PMID- 1196701
TI  - [Pregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn].

PMID- 1196702
TI  - [Salmonelloses in children according to data of the Ivano-Frankivs'koi infection
      clinic].

PMID- 1196703
TI  - Some biochemical effects of chloral hydrate in an infant with a tyrosinemia-like
      syndrome.
AB  - An infant with a combination of clinical and biochemical features resembling
      those found in hereditary tyrosinemia ("inborn hepatorenal dysfunction with
      tyrosyluria") but with spontaneous recovery is described briefly. The child also
      had severe congenital hydrocephalus, and was being given chloral hydrate. She was
      not treated by restriction of dietary phenylalanine and tyrosine. The abnormal
      aromatic aciduria was unaltered by ascorbic acid administration. The results of
      loading tests with phenylalanine, tyrosine, and sodium 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate
      are compatible with the existence of a partial block in the oxidation of 4
      hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homogentisate which was exacerbated by administering
      chloral hydrate.

PMID- 1196704
TI  - Somatic-respiratory reflex and onset of regular breathing movements in the lamb
      fetus in utero.
AB  - Breathing activity of six mature lamb fetuses (greater than 135 days of
      gestation) in utero was monitored from recordings of intraesophageal pressure,
      intratracheal pressure, and tracheal circumference from a mercury strain gauge
      before, during, and after stimulation of the central end of a cut sciatic nerve.
      Stimuli were either low (0.5-2.0 cps) or high (66 cps) frequency, 6-15-V square
      wave pulses of 0.6-1.25 msec duration. The fetuses remained in utero throughout
      the experiments in which ambient temperature, paO2, paCO2, arterial pH,
      mechanical stimulation, and spontaneous respiratory center activity could be
      ruled out as primary stimuli of the breathing movements observed. In one-third of
      the trials a "somatic-respiratory reflex" was elicited in which breathing
      coincided with the period of stimulation: in over 85% of these trials with low
      frequency stimulation, breathing movements were synchronous with the stimuli; in
      the rest the synchrony was broken during the period of stimulation. In two-thirds
      of the trials the "reflex" response was followed by spontaneous regular breathing
      movements ("onset of regular breathing") which continued for 1 min to 2 hr 30 min
      after the stimulation was stopped. Thiopental administration to the ewe (5 mg/kg)
      seemed to depress respiratory responsivity for about 60 min. Changes of tracheal
      circumference reflected both transmural pressure gradients and possibly also
      rhythmic vagal activity associated with breathing.

PMID- 1196705
TI  - Serum glutathione reductase and cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Serum glutathione reductase (NADPH-GSSG oxidoreductase, EC. 1.6.4.2 (GR)) has
      been examined in cystic fibrosis subjects (CF), obligate CF heterozygotes, and
      control subjects. Serum protein concentration was similar in the three groups.
      Regardless of the units used to express activity (milligrams of protein or
      milliters of serum) or whether or not samples were dialyzed against water or
      phosphate buffer, mean serum GR in CF was greater than in control subjects (P
      less than or equal to 0.002) in all series over several years. Under the above
      assay conditions no difference in serum GR between control subjects and carriers
      was detected. Calculated and assayed values of combined control and CF sera
      agreed as did expected and observed 50% activity in 1:2 sera dilutions in CF,
      control subjects, and carriers. Addition of FAD to incubation media did not
      effect enzyme activity in the three groups. Differences between CF and control
      subjects persisted after dialysis in membranes permitting passage of molecules of
      approximately 12,000 mol wt or less. These findings would tend to exclude the
      effect of extraneous serum factors in explaining the diffferences between CF and
      control subjects. The percentage of initial GR activity after four days storage
      (0-4 degrees) was significantly greater in CF than in control subjects (P less
      than 0.025). The effect of heparin on serum GR was recorded as the percentage of
      activity after incubation with heparin vs. activity in the standard assay for
      individual subjects. The effect of incubation with 5 mug/ml heparin on serum GR
      activity was greater in control subjects than in carriers (P less than 0.0005)
      and CF (P less than 0.0005). Mean serum GR activity in CF and carriers was
      unaffected by heparin, whereas mean activity in control subjects was decreased.
      In no control was the percentage of initial activity with heparin greater than
      the mean of CF and carrier groups. Only 3 of 20 CF and 4 of 20 carrier
      individuals had percentages lower than the control mean. The CF and carrier
      distributions were clearly different from the control distribution. Serum GR was
      determined in seven non-CF individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
      (COPD). Activity in the COPD was different from CF and no different from control
      subjects. In none of these controls or COPD was serum GR as great as the CF mean.
      Serum GR in no CF was as low as the mean of control subjects or COPD. It is
      concluded that serum GR activity is greater in CF than in control subjects,
      carriers, and non-CF COPD subjects; that the difference in activity is not
      attributable to an extraneous serum factor, that the activity difference is not
      secondary to chronic respiratory disease; that in comparison with control
      subjects, GR from CF serum behaves differently after storage; and that serum GR
      from CF and carriers behaves differently from control GR in the presence of
      heparin.

PMID- 1196706
TI  - Enzymatic adaptations by cultured adipocytes of human infants and children:
      effect of obese serum on the activities of lactate-, malate-, and glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenases.
AB  - To determine whether there are any biochemical characteristics which distinguish
      human adipose cells from human skin fibroblasts, assays of lactate dehydrogenase
      with pyruvate as substrate (LDH-P), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were done on both cell types after they had been
      successfully adapted to artificial medium in tissue culture and also while they
      were growing temporarily in serum from an obese individual. After undergoing
      transformation to a fibroblast-like appearance, the adipose cells
      (adipofibroblasts) contained significantly more of each enzyme than did the
      initial adipose cell isolates. The level of activities of LDH-P and G6PDH
      increased to the same levels as in skin fibroblasts (Table 2); however, MDH
      activities rose to much higher levels than those found in skin fibroblasts (Table
      2). In obese serum, activities of LDH-P did not significantly change but the
      activities of MDH and G6PDH dropped sharply in adipofibroblasts (P less than
      0.005, Table 2 and Fig. 5), whereas in cultures of skin fibroblasts, only the
      activities of G6PDH dropped significantly (P less than 0.025 Table 2), the other
      enzyme activities being unchanged. It is concluded that, on the basis of the
      biochemical behaviors of these two cell lines in culture, adipose cells are
      biochemically different from skin fibroblasts and are not to be regarded as just
      fibroblasts with lipid-storing ability.

PMID- 1196707
TI  - Assessment of left ventricular function in secundum atrial septal defect:
      evaluation by determination of volume, pressure, and external systolic time
      indices.
AB  - Left ventricular function and volume data from 17 control subjects and 27 young
      patients with secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) without overt left or right
      ventricular failure were compared. ASD patients were subdivided in low shunt
      (Qp/Qs less than 2.0) and high shunt (Qp/Qs larger than or equal to 2.0) groups.
      Mean left ventricular (LV) stroke volume was significantly less in ASD patients
      (46 +/- 16 ml/m2 in the low shunt and 44 +/- 9 ml/m2 in high shunt group)
      compared with control patients (51 +/- 13 ml/m2, P less than 0.01 and P less than
      0.02, respectively). There was no significant difference in mean left ventricular
      end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) between any group of patients (control subjects 67
      +/- 17 ml/m2; low shunt ASD 66 +/- 17 Ml/m2, and high shunt ASD 62 +/- 12 ml/m2).
      High shunt ASD had a significantly lower cardiac index compared with control
      patients (5.0 liters/min/m2 vs. 5.9 liters/min/m2, P less than 0.02). Both low
      shunt and high shunt ASD showed significantly lower stroke work indices than
      control subjects (42 +/- 13 GmM/m2 and 37 +/- 8 GmM/m2 compared with 51 +/- 14
      GmM/M2 , P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.001, respectively) but only the high
      shunt group had a significantly lower peak systolic pressure (94 +/- 12 mm Hg vs.
      109 +/- 11 mm Hg for control patients, P less than 0.01). There was no
      significant difference between the control and ASD groups in LV end-diastolic,
      mean right atrial, right ventricular end-diastolic, and pulmonary pressures.
      External systolic time intervals were compared in 5 control and 12 ASD patients.
      There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients in
      absolute values or indices for pre-ejection period, ejection time, or
      electromechanical systole. However, the ratio of the pre-ejection period index to
      left ventricular ejection time index (PEPI/LVETI) was significantly higher in ASD
      patients (P less than 0.05). In young subjects with large shunt ASD, certain
      indicators of left ventricular function are depressed. Evaluation of PEPI/LVETI
      may allow noninvasive determination of LV function.

PMID- 1196708
TI  - Determination of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in patients with
      phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia.
AB  - The phenylalanine hydroxylase assay was modified by using biopterin,
      lysolecithin, and dithioerythritol. Liver tissue was obtained by percutaneous
      needle biopsies in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperphenylalaninemia.
      The use of the naturally occurring cofactor biopterin is essential to measure low
      enzyme activities. Thirteen of 14 assay specimens in which no activity was
      detectable correlated with the clinical picture of classic PKU. Twelve assay
      specimens showed a residual activity up to 6% of normal. This group comprises
      patients with classic PKU and with so-called hyperphenylalaninemia. Four
      specimens ranged between 8.7 and 34.5% of the normal values. Patients in this
      group have developed normally so far without dietary treatment. It seems that
      patients with residual activity tolerate more phenylalanine in the diet than
      patients with no detectable activity. One infant with biochemical symptoms of
      classic PKU was found to have a normal phenylalanine hydroxylase activity.

PMID- 1196709
TI  - Ligandin reverses bilirubin inhibition of liver mitochondrial respiration in
      vitro.
AB  - Ligandin, an abundant cytoplasmic binding protein of bilirubin and other ligands
      in liver cells, completely prevented the inhibitory effect of bilirubin on
      respiration and oxidative phosphorylation by isolated rat liver mitochondria. At
      equimolar concentrations of bilirubin and ligandin or human serum albumin,
      mitochondrial respiration was fully restored to control values. At greater ratios
      of bilirubin and ligandin or human serum albumin, the latter had a stronger
      protective effect. These studies suggest that ligandin may have a physiologic
      role in protecting mitochondrial systems against bilirubin toxicity.

PMID- 1196710
TI  - Enzyme therapy. V. In vivo fate of erythrocyte-entrapped beta-glucuronidase in
      beta-glucuronidase-deficient mice.
AB  - The use of erythrocyte entrapment as a strategy to deliver and protect
      exogenously administered enzymes for replacement therapy in selected genetic
      diseases has been evaluated in a mammalian model system. The uptake, tissue
      distribution, intracellular localization, and in vivo lifetime of erythrocyte
      entrapped bovine beta-glucuronidase were determined by a selective thermal
      inactivation assay after intravenous administration into beta-glucuronidase
      deficient mice. The exogenous activity was cleared from the circulation with a
      half-life of about 20 min and was no longer detectable at 2 hr. A concomitant
      uptake of the injected enzyme was observed in murine tissues, primarily the
      liver; approximately 30% of the bovine activity was recovered at 30 min and
      maximal hepatic uptake, 71% of dose, was detected at 2 hr. Hepatic recovery of
      the bovine activity was observed to decrease in a biphasic pattern to
      nondetectable levels by 5 days. The recovery of the entrapped activity was
      characterized by a latency of detection in hepatic tissue up to 13 hr
      postinjection. At each time point more than 80% (84-100%) of the recovered bovine
      activity was detected in the lysosomally enriched hepatic subcellular fraction.
      Maximal recoveries of 10% and 15% of administered dose were observed in splenic
      and renal tissues, respectively, soon after enzyme administration. In comparison
      to results obtained after intravenous administration of unentrapped bovine beta
      glucuronidase, erythrocyte-entrapped activity was retained fourfold longer in the
      circulation, fivefold longer in hepatic tissue, and was more efficiently
      delivered to a variety of tissues.

PMID- 1196711
TI  - Cation transport and its altered regulations in human stomatocytic erythrocytes.
AB  - Cation transport in a population of stomatocytic red blood cells (RBC) is
      abnormal in the following respects. First, active transport against a gradient,
      defined as the nonisotopic net accumulation of Na+ or loss of K+ induced by 0.1
      mM ouabain, is markedly elevated (7.3 and 6.3 mEq/liter cells/hr for Na+ and K+,
      respectively), but the Na+:K+ active transport ratio is normal. Apparent
      uncoupling of the Na+ and K+ isotope transport is due to disproportionately
      increased ouabain-sensitive 24Na+-23Na+ exchange (32.7 mEq/liter cells/hr), which
      is measured as a portion of 24Na+ isotope efflux. Second, cation transport is
      unresponsive to variations in internal Na+ concentration but decreases with
      decreasing extracellular Na+.

PMID- 1196712
TI  - A new assay for cystic fibrosis factor: effects of sera from patients with cystic
      fibrosis in the in vitro electrical properaties of rat jejunum.
AB  - The in vitro electrical properties of rat jejunum were utilized to assay a factor
      or factors in serum from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Sera from patients
      with CF were found to decrease short circuit current (SCC) and the SCC response
      to glucose, and to increase electrical resistance. These effects were present in
      all 24 patients with CF and 10 of 14 parents of CF patients and absent from the
      serum of 21 control subjects. This quantitative technique provides an alternative
      to the ciliostatic assays for the detection of the CF factor or factors.

PMID- 1196713
TI  - [Lysosomal enzymes in peripheral blood lymphocytes in premature infants].

PMID- 1196714
TI  - [Chronic aggressive hepatitis in children with congenital absence of IgA].

PMID- 1196715
TI  - [Scleroderma-like skin and muscle changes in children with phenylketonuria].

PMID- 1196716
TI  - [Properdin in congenital cyanotic heart diseases].

PMID- 1196717
TI  - [Comparison of clinical state of newborn infants as evaluated by means of the
      Apgar score and gasometric studies in the first hours of life].

PMID- 1196718
TI  - [Use of umbilical cord blood for karyotype studies in newborn infants].

PMID- 1196719
TI  - [Analysis of developmental analysis in autopsy material following influenza
      epidemics].

PMID- 1196720
TI  - [Treacher Collins' syndrome].

PMID- 1196721
TI  - [Translocation of group D chromosomes in a child with a congenital syndrome of
      neuromyodysplasia and mental retardation].

PMID- 1196722
TI  - [Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita in a 3-week-old infant].

PMID- 1196723
TI  - [Hypothyroidism with hypercalcemia in a 9-month-old infant].

PMID- 1196724
TI  - [Nicolau's syndrome].

PMID- 1196725
TI  - [Representativeness of body constitution characteristics in subjects born in the
      same year].

PMID- 1196726
TI  - Family intervention: the right of all children.

PMID- 1196727
TI  - Hospital management of patients and personnel exposed to communicable diseases.
AB  - Patients and personnel who are exposed to certain communicable diseases in a
      hospital setting often require therapeutic or epidemic control measures which may
      differ from measures employed following community exposure. This paper offers
      guidelines for reducing the hospital spread of communicable diseases by
      preventive measures (admission screening procedures, immunizations for
      personnel), and post-exposure management of patients and personnel. It is
      intended as a companion to the "Hospital Isolation and Precaution Guidelines" for
      patients with clinically manifest infections which appeared previously.

PMID- 1196728
TI  - The adaptation of parents to the birth of an infant with a congenital
      malformation: a hypothetical model.
AB  - To determine the course of parental reactions to the birth of a child with a
      congenital malformation and the process of parental attachment, the parents of 20
      children with a wide range of malformations including mongolism, congenital heart
      disease, and cleft palate were interviewed. Structured interviews took place 7
      days to 60 months after birth. Despite the wide variation of malformations,
      analysis of the interviews demonstrated five stages of parental reactions--shock,
      denial, sadness and anger, adaptation, and reorganization--in dealing with a
      congenitally malformed child during the course of his development and care.
      Observations of these patients suggest that early crisis counseling in the first
      months of life may be particularly crucial in parental attachment and adjustment.

PMID- 1196729
TI  - Basilar artery migraine in young children.
AB  - Eight children with recurrent attacks of neurologic dysfunction referable to the
      brainstem and cerebellum are reported. The episodes occur suddenly, clear
      completely, and leave the patient without residua. The most frequent signs are
      ataxia, alternating hemipareses, and vertigo. The majority of patients are girls,
      and most have the onset of the condition prior to the age of 4 years. Headache
      was definitely present in three children, and possibly present in four. A
      striking history of migraine was found in seven families, accounting for 16
      affected relatives. Fifteen of these were female and 14 were on the maternal
      side. Follow-up of the children has not provided any evidence for progressive
      neurologic disease. The patient followed for the longest period of time has
      developed classic migraine.

PMID- 1196730
TI  - Renal function in obstructive nephropathy: long-term effect of reconstructive
      surgery.
AB  - Renal function was studied in 24 children with chronic hydronephrosis and renal
      insufficiency. The follow-up period after reconstructive surgery was 1 to 12
      years. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was assessed by the clearance of
      endogenous creatinine or inulin. Effective renal plasma flow was assessed by the
      clearance of PAH. Reconstructive surgery was performed during the first year of
      life in 12 out of 24 patients, between one and two years of life in 6 patients,
      and after two years of life in 6 patients. Three different patterns of evolution
      could be observed after relief of obstruction: (1) An improvement or a
      normalization of renal function only occurred in patients operated upon before
      one year of life. (2) A stabilization of renal function without normalization was
      observed in patients operated upon between one and two years of life. (3) A
      progressive deterioration of renal function towards terminal renal failure was
      observed in five out of six patients operated upon after two years of age. This
      deterioration could not be explained by recurrence of detectable urinary tract
      infection or urinary stasis. The changes in GRF in four patients with a solitary
      kidney followed the same pattern. We conclude that it is essential to correct
      severe chronic hydronephrosis associated with renal insufficiency before one year
      of age if a lasting improvement of renal function is to be expected.

PMID- 1196731
TI  - The trisomy 9p syndrome.
AB  - Since the first description of trisomy 9p in 1970, there has been a rapidly
      increasing recognition and reporting of new cases. The physical and mental
      features of retarded growth and development, down-turned corners of the mouth,
      mildly globular nose, slightly wide-set and deep-set eyes with anti-Mongoloid
      slant, and unusual dermatoglyphics are distinctive enough to establish trisomy 9p
      as a clinical chromosomal entity--one which may prove to be the fourth most
      common autosomal syndrome (after trisomies 21, 13, and 18). This paper includes a
      review and tabulation of features seen in the 20 reported cases and photographs
      of the faces of ten of these children. A new case included in this survey
      demonstrates the practical application of four types of chromosome banding
      identification (C, G, Q, and R). The confirmation of the chromosomal aberration
      in this syndrome is dependent on the use of one or more of these special
      laboratory techniques. Most of the clinical characteristics distinctive of the
      trisomy 9p syndrome are seen also in other trisomies involving more or less of
      the number 9 chromosome. From these observations it is determined that the
      crucial determinants of the classical features of this syndrome lie within the
      distal half of the number 9 short arm.

PMID- 1196732
TI  - Familial partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 10 (q24-26).
AB  - Two fourth cousins with a strikingly similar pattern of malformation and who have
      an unbalanced translocation (46, XY, -17, +t (17p; 10q) are described. From an
      analysis of the phenotypes of these patients and others reported with 10q
      trisomy, we propose that the trisomy 10q 24-26 syndrome includes: growth and
      mental retardation, a characteristic facies (microcephaly, flat face with
      spacious forehead, small nose, depressed nasal bridge, arched wide-spaced
      eyebrows, blepharophimosis, microphthalmia, low-set ears, bow-shaped mouth with
      prominent upper lip, micrognathia), palate anomalies (high-arched cleft or
      agenesis), congenital heart disease, and anomalies of the hands and feet.
      Anomalies common to the cousins, but not described in other patients with trisomy
      10q, are believed to be expressions of a partial monosomy of 17p.

PMID- 1196733
TI  - Trisomy 8 mosaicism syndrome.
AB  - Chromosome 8 is the largest autosome thus far found to be trisomic among liveborn
      infants. Trisomy 8 "mosaicism" syndrome (T8mS) consists primarily of individuals
      whose chromosome complement is mosaic for chromosome 8 (T8m), i.e., patients with
      a chromosomally normal cell line in addition to the trisomic 8 cell line, and a
      few known individuals with full trisomy 8 (T8), i.e., each cell observed contains
      an extra chromosome 8. Reported cases of both types share a number of common
      features and thus have helped to delineate a new syndrome. Common features of
      T8mS include mild-to-moderate mental retardation, strabismus, osseous and soft
      tissue abnormalities, lowset and/or malformed ears, broad bulbous nose, palate
      deformity, various types of congenital cardiovascular disorders, hydronephrosis,
      cryptorchidism, and characteristic dermatoglyphics. Since chromosomal mosaicism
      is often present in this syndrome it is not surprising that considerable
      phenotypic variation exists. The present report of one of the youngest
      individuals yet described with T8m adds two more physical findings (dense corneal
      clouding and a heretofore undescribed clavicular deformity) to the constellation
      of abnormalities associated with T8mS. On the basis of the phenotypic and
      cytogenetic findings in this and 17 similar patients previously reported it is
      proposed that T8mS is a distinct clinical entity.

PMID- 1196734
TI  - Parental use of "positive contact" in child-rearing: its relationship to child
      behavior patterns and other variables.
AB  - In an investigation of child-rearing styles maternal use of "positive contact"
      was measured by asking the mother how often she played with the child, praised
      the child, and the like, and combining the responses into a score. Home
      observations on a sample of families revealed that mothers scoring above the mean
      used fewer communications in the form of directives and "unmodified power" and
      more communication in the form of praise and social conversation than mothers
      scoring below the mean. The mother's use of positive contact was related to her
      educational level, the birth order of the child and number of children in the
      family, the father's use of positive contact, and to a friendly outgoing pattern
      of child behavior. There was no relation to the mother's use of physical
      punishment, her protectiveness, her tendency to comply with the child's demands,
      or her child-rearing ideology and other attitudes. Child care workers are in a
      strategic position to educate parents about the importance of this kind of
      contact, especially with later-born children in large families.

PMID- 1196735
TI  - Sudden infant death syndrome and subsequent pregnancy.
AB  - In psychological conditions of mourning and guilt, women who have lost children
      often attempt to quickly conceive a "replacement" child. This study examines the
      subsequent pregnancies of 32 women whose children died of sudden infant death
      syndrom (SIDS). The expected rate of infertility in a normal population is 10%.
      Spontaneous abortion has an incidence of 12% to 15%. Among the 32 women
      attempting to conceive after the loss of their child, 10 (31%) had spontaneous
      abortions and 11 (34%) could not conceive after attempts for at least one year.
      This association between psychological and biological phenomena require special
      recognition by physicians who are advising parents who have lost children to
      SIDS. The management of these families includes compassion, understanding, and
      regard for the psychological environment of the subsequent pregnancy.

PMID- 1196736
TI  - Urbanization and differentials in white and nonwhite infant mortality.
AB  - This study analyzes infant deaths in the United States, 1962 to 1967, by place of
      residence, to determine to what degree variations in age at death are related to
      degree of urbanization and race. Results of the study indicate that: (1) after
      one day of life infant mortality increases progressively as degree of
      urbanization decreases; (2) the differences between urban and rural death rates
      are greatest in the posthebdomadal (1 week or older) period; (3) in all age
      groups at all levels of urbanization, the nonwhite infant is at a marked
      disadvantage relative to the white infant; (4) the older the infant, the greater
      the disadvantage for nonwhite infants in rural areas; (5) had the white infant
      mortality rate prevailed among the nonwhite population over the six-year period
      from 1962 to 1967 an estimated annual total of 11,597 nonwhite infants would have
      survived their first year of life; (6) 40% of the excess deaths are in infants
      under 7 days and 60% in the posthebdomadal period; (7) fetal death rates increase
      progressively as degree of urbanization decreases, complementing a direct
      relationship between under 1 day mortality and urbanization resulting in a level
      trend for perinatal mortality.

PMID- 1196737
TI  - Studies in meconium: disaccharidase activities in meconium from cystic fibrosis
      patients and controls.
AB  - Meconium ileus represents the earliest clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis.
      The differences found in the composition and amount of protein, mucoprotein,
      mucopolysaccharides, and reducing sugars in meconium from newborns with cystic
      fibrosis might be of significance relative to the pathogenesis and early
      diagnosis of this disease. We studied the enzymatic activity of disaccharidases
      (lactase, sucrase, maltase, and palatinase) in meconium of infants with cystic
      fibrosis and controls. We found an increase in the specific activity of these
      enzymes in the meconium from infants with cystic fibrosis as compared to the
      specific activity in meconium from normal infants. The increase in the
      activities, expressed as micromols per gram of protein per minute was: lactase,
      100 times higher; sucrase, 18 times; maltase, 4.8 times, and palatinase, 8.9
      times.

PMID- 1196738
TI  - Hypercortisolism in childhood: shortcomings of conventional diagnostic criteria.
AB  - Two patients are described in whom hypercortisolism occurred prepubertally as a
      consequence of bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia. In contrast with the
      manifestations of Cushing's syndrome in adults, these children presented with
      obesity and reduced stature and no other symptoms. Both patients excreted amounts
      of urinary 17-OHCS before and during a conventional suppression test with
      dexamethasone (0.5 mg every six hours) which were within the usual normal range.
      However, when urinary 17-OHCS excretion was expressed per gram of urinary
      creatinine or per square meter of surface area, and when the dose of
      dexamethasone was tailored to body mass (20mug/kg/day) the results were clearly
      abnormal, as were plasma corticoids and (in one patient) cortisol secretion rate.
      Resumption of linear growth occurred after bilateral adrenalectomy in both
      patients and was associated, in the one patient so studied, by a return of
      hypoglycemia-stimulated increases in plasma growth hormone levels from previously
      suppressed values to the normal range, and by a slight increase in the fasting
      plasma somatomedin concentration. The observations suggest that pediatric
      patients with hypercortisolism are likely to be overlooked when conventional
      criteria for laboratory diagnosis are used, but can be recognized by the simple
      diagnostic modifications used in these studies.

PMID- 1196739
TI  - Propranolol-augmented, exercise-induced human growth hormone release.
AB  - Serum growth hormone (HGH) responses to 20 minutes of exercise 90 minutes after
      orally given propranolol (0.5 mg/kg; maximum, 40 mg), were assessed in 15 short
      but otherwise normal children, in 2 obese teen-agers, in 3 hypopituitary
      children, and in 8 healthy adult volunteers. In six adults HGH responses to
      exercise alone were also assessed one week previously. Normal children responded
      with a peak serum HGH concentration of 10 ng/ml or greater, except one whose peak
      was 7 ng/ml (normal, greater than 7 ng/ml). The obese girls showed smaller
      responses to exercise with propranolol (ex/prop) (peak HGH, 6 ng/ml), to
      hypoglycemia, and to levodopa (peak HGH, 7 and 4 ng/ml). The three hypopituitary 
      children did not respond to ex/prop or to two other stimuli. In the volunteer
      adults, the mean HGH responses were greater to ex/prop than to exercise alone,
      although two out of six did not have increased levels with exercise. There were
      also elevations of fasting serum HGH levels before exercise and propranolol on
      repeat testing. These results suggest that orally given propranolol improves the
      exercise-HGH stimulation test both in the number of responders and in the degree
      of response. Some individuals have an anticipatory HGH secretion before exercise
      due to a conditioned response.

PMID- 1196740
TI  - Locomotor skills and school accidents.

PMID- 1196741
TI  - Rucksack palsy.

PMID- 1196742
TI  - Oscilloscopic monitoring to determine endotracheal tube position.

PMID- 1196743
TI  - Trisomy 8 syndrome.

PMID- 1196745
TI  - Letter: Comments on breast feeding: second thoughts.

PMID- 1196744
TI  - Epileptiform activity in the electroencephalogram induced by lithium carbonate.

PMID- 1196746
TI  - Letter: "Family practitioners" and Pediatrics.

PMID- 1196747
TI  - Letter: Are we giving too many shots?

PMID- 1196748
TI  - Letter: Previously reported unrecognized MLNS.

PMID- 1196749
TI  - Letter: Superfluous impedimenta.

PMID- 1196750
TI  - Letter: A hypothesis about late walkers.

PMID- 1196751
TI  - Letter: It's the right direction.

PMID- 1196752
TI  - Growth standards for infants and children: a cross-sectional study.
AB  - Measurements of height and weight were collected on 1,233 Black and white infants
      and children attending a Child Health Clinic in Washtenaw County, Michigan.
      Polynomial curves were fitted to each race and sex group and, from these,
      estimates were made of the 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentiles for height and weight.
      Blacks tended to be lighter and shorter than whites in early infancy. In the
      second year of life, Blacks tended to exceed whites in height and weight
      achievement. For infants and children in the 97th percentile this change in
      status occurred earlier. The differences in weight and height achievement were
      statistically significant in the two race groups, but not between sexes. The
      percentile estimates differed significantly from the percentiles of local as well
      as the "Iowa," "Harvard," and "Tanner" (United Kingdom) standards. Differences in
      the racial and environmental background of the clinic population and the samples
      used in the development of the national standards probably accounts for the
      variations in the percentile estimates. It is concluded that race- and sex
      specific standards are required before growth achievements in infants and
      children can be properly evaluated.

PMID- 1196753
TI  - Death anxiety in the outpatient leukemic child.
AB  - Awareness of the seriousness of their illness seems to persist with fatally ill
      children, even when they are not in the hospital. As did the fatally ill
      hospitalized children in previous studies so, too, the fatally ill outpatient
      children in the present study related significantly more stories that contained
      elements of preoccupation with threat to their body integrity and functioning
      than did the control group of children with non-fatal chronic illnesses. Not only
      did they express a greater general anxiety and greater anxiety in relating the
      stories, but, in contrast to their chronically ill counterparts, the leukemic
      children exhibited a lack of adaptability to the necessity of clinic visits,
      becoming increasingly more anxious about the clinic both as visits became more
      frequent and as their illness became of longer duration. The children continue to
      dwell on their illness, even when treated as outpatients.

PMID- 1196754
TI  - Enhanced renal excretion of dicloxacillin in patients with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Single oral doses of 6.25 mg/kg of dicloxacillin suspension were given to ten
      cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and eight normal subjects. Peak serum
      concentrations and areas under the concentration versus time curves for
      dicloxacillin were variable and, on average, were 2 1/2 times lower in the CF
      patients. The time of occurrence of the peak serum concentration was similar in
      both groups and the total urinary recovery of dicloxacillin was normal or
      increased in the CF patients, suggesting that the intestinal absorption of the
      drug was unaffected by the disease. The low serum concentrations in the CF
      patients were caused by unusually high renal clearances of dicloxacillin which
      average 282 +/- 135 compared to 95 +/- 28 ml/min/1.73 sq m in the normal
      subjects. Creatinine clearances were also elevated in the CF patients by 55% on
      average, while urea clearances were normal. The serum protein binding of
      dicloxacillin was similar in both groups of subjects. Because the rapid excretion
      results in low and variable serum concentrations of the antibiotic, treatment of
      CF patients with dicloxacillin may warrant use of increased or more frequent
      doses and monitoring of serum antibiotic levels.

PMID- 1196755
TI  - Diagnosis of neuroblastoma by electron microscopy of bone marrow aspirates.
AB  - Three patients are reported in whom the diagnosis of neuroblastoma was made
      following electron microscopy of a bone marrow aspirate. The ultrastructure of
      neuroblastoma cells is distinctive, and they can be distinguished by electron
      microscopy from cells of the other tumors with which neuroblastoma is often
      confused by light microscopy. The rapidity with which the diagnosis can be
      obtained through use of this procedure argues for its adoption in any patient in
      whom the diagnosis is suspected and who has tumor cells in bone marrow. Early
      initiation of appropriate therapy is made possible, and elaborate diagnostic
      procedures may be avoided.

PMID- 1196756
TI  - Abdominal pain in children caused by linea alba hernias.

PMID- 1196757
TI  - Rheumatic pneumonia: The need for a new approach.

PMID- 1196759
TI  - Intravenous injections and infusions in infants.

PMID- 1196758
TI  - Primary peritonitis due to group G Streptococcus: A case report.

PMID- 1196760
TI  - Pathogenesis of Reye's syndrome: A working hypothesis.

PMID- 1196761
TI  - Localized necrosis of scalp in neonates due to calcium gluconate infusions: A
      cautionary note.

PMID- 1196762
TI  - A descriptive definition of the scope and content of primary health care.

PMID- 1196763
TI  - Annual summary of vital statistics--1974.

PMID- 1196764
TI  - Nasopharyngitis and prolonged sleep Apnea.
AB  - The effect of nasopharyngitis on the simultaneous occurrence of prolonged sleep
      apnea (greater than or equal to 20 seconds in duration) was studied in 26 infants
      managed at home on an apnea monitor. During the observation period, these infants
      had a total of 69 illnesses which appeared to represent an upper respiratory
      tract inflammatory process. In general, the daily frequency of prolonged apneic
      episodes was  significantly greater during nasopharyngitis when compared to
      comparable time intervals immediately prior to and following the illness. In
      addition, there was a decrease in the frequency of apneic episodes with
      increasing postnatal age until the episodes finally ceased to occur during the
      illness-related intervals. Apneic episodes ceased to occur at an earlier age for
      the before- and after-illness intervals than for the time interval during which
      there were clinical symptoms. Thus, it would appear that infants go through an
      age-related phase wherein prolonged apnea occurs during nasopharyngitis but not
      when free of illness. The implications of these results for the management of
      infants having prolonged sleep apnea are discussed. In view of the hypothesis
      that prolonged sleep apnea is part of the physiological process resulting in the
      sudden infant death syndrome, these results also provide for the prediction that
      infants who suddenly die in association with nasopharyngitis would do so, in
      general, at a later age than those who succumb when free of an upper respiratory
      tract inflammatory process.

PMID- 1196765
TI  - A new method of evaluating the chemosensitivity of the respiratory center in
      children.
AB  - Decreased ventilatory response to carbon dioxide is often present in lung
      disease. This can be due to a reduction in the output of the respiratory center
      or an inability of the respiratory pump to respond to a normal output because of
      the size or impedence of the pump. To separate these mechanisms we have measured
      the isometric force developed by the respiratory muscle during brief airway
      occlusion, by measuring the pressure generated at 100 msec (Pm100). We studied 43
      subjects ranging in age from 6 to 50 years, and nine neonates. We found a linear
      rise of Pm100 with rising PAco2 during carbon dioxide rebreathing maneuvers. Our
      results also show that although there are wide variations in slopes of Pm100 to
      carbon dioxide tension (SPm100/PAco2) between individuals, in a given subject
      this slope remains constant even following repeated studies. It also remains
      constant for age and size, indicating that the neuromechanical output of the
      respiratory apparatus does not change with growth. In contrast the ventilatory
      response either assessed as Ve/PAco2 or Vt/PAco2 depended on age and lung size.
      The results suggest that throughout growth, comparison of Pm100/PAco2 and
      Ve/PAco2 can distinguish between abnormalities of neuromuscular output from other
      causes of ventilatory impairment.

PMID- 1196766
TI  - Reduced thrombus formation with silicone elastomere (silastic) umbilical artery
      catheters.
AB  - This report describes clinical experience with a radiopaque silicone elastomere
      (Silastic) umbilical artery catheter. Twenty infants, ten with polyvinyl chloride
      (PVC) umbilical artery catheters and ten with Silastic umbilical artery
      catheters, all positioned at the aortic bifurcation, had aortograms performed at
      the time of catheter removal. Catheter-associated thrombus formation was observed
      in nine of the ten infants (90%) with PVC umbilical artery catheters and in one
      of the ten infants(10%) with Silastic catheters. The incidence of lower extremity
      vasospasm associated with the two catheters was not significantly different.
      Aortic pressure tracing recorded through Silastic catheters were accurate, but
      slightly damped. Autopsies were performed on five additional infants who died
      with indwelling Silastic umbilical artery catheters. None of the catheters, nor
      their surrounding tissues, showed evidence of thrombus formation on either gross
      or microscopic examination. It is our experience that radiopaque silicone
      elastomere tubing can be used as an umbilical artery catheter and appears to have
      the advantage of being less thrombogenic than the standard PVC tubing currently
      in general use.

PMID- 1196767
TI  - Live attenuated influenza virus vaccine trial in children.
AB  - Thirty-four children received intranasally a live attenuated influenza A virus
      vaccine, and were then followed for six months to evaluate the vaccine safety,
      immunogenicity, and efficacy. All but one of the 31 children with
      hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers less than 64 before inoculation responded
      with at least a four-fold rise in antibody titer to a single dose of vaccine. One
      child required two doses. Seven (21%) of the vaccinees also responded with
      production of nasal neutralizing antibody. The vaccine was well tolerated with
      few clinical reactions. Two vaccinees developed fever possibly attributable to
      the vaccine. No transmission of the vaccine virus to any of the 25 unvaccinated
      contact children was demonstrable. Five months after this vaccine trial an
      influenza epidemic due to a heterologous influenza A strain occurred in the
      community. During this outbreak acute febrile and/or respiratory illness occurred
      in 12 or 52% of the contact controls, and in six or 19% of the vaccinees. In two
      of these six vaccinees, influenza A infection was confirmed by at least a four
      fold increase in HI titer. This study suggests this study suggests that this
      vaccine is safe, easily administered, highly immunogenic in children, and is
      protective against a heterologous strain epidemic in the community.

PMID- 1196768
TI  - Studies on the pathophysiology of encephalopathy in Reye's syndrome;
      Hyperammonemia in Reye's syndrome.
AB  - The initial acid-base status of eight survivors of Reye's syndrome was
      characterized by acute respiratory alkalosis (Pco2=32 mm Hg; Hco3-=22.0
      mEq/liter) while that of eight children who died was associated with metabolic
      acidosis as well (HCO3-=10.0 mEg/liter). Arterial-internal jugular venous ammonia
      concentration differences on day 1 (299 mg/100 ml) and day 2 (90 mg/100 ml)
      reflected cerebral uptake of ammonia while those on days 3 and 4 (-43 and -55
      mg/100 ml) demonstrated cerebral release. Arterial blood hyperammonemia can be
      detoxified safely in the brain as long as the levels do not exceed approximately
      300mug/100 ml. Beyond that level lactic acidosis is observed, particularly in
      cerebral venous drainage. Arterial blood hyperammonemia was also related to the
      extent of alveolar hyperventilation. These findings are very similar to those
      seen in experimental hyperammonemia and support the concept that neurotoxicity in
      children with Reye's syndrome is at least partly due to impaired oxidative
      metabolism secondary to hyperammonemia.

PMID- 1196769
TI  - [Immunoglobulin content of blood sera in practically healthy children].

PMID- 1196770
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins in allergic diseases of young children].

PMID- 1196771
TI  - [Certain problems of diagnosis of dust allergy in children].

PMID- 1196772
TI  - [Use of retinol palmitate in emulsion for the treatment of children with eczema].

PMID- 1196773
TI  - [Immunologic insufficiency in children].

PMID- 1196774
TI  - [Amino acid metabolism in children with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1196775
TI  - [Dynamics of the activity of certain dehydrogenases in bronchial asthma of
      children].

PMID- 1196776
TI  - [State of general hemodynamics in bronchial asthma of children 2-7 years of age].

PMID- 1196777
TI  - [Bioelectric activity of cerebral cortex in children with asthma].

PMID- 1196778
TI  - [Bronchial tonus in the interparoxysmal period of bronchial asthma in children].

PMID- 1196779
TI  - [Treatment of bronchial asthma in children by acupuncture].

PMID- 1196780
TI  - [Physical development of premature children].

PMID- 1196781
TI  - [Characteristics of adaptive processes in premature infants according to data of
      corticoid excretion in the urine and content of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids in the
      plasma of venous blood].

PMID- 1196782
TI  - [Concentration of immunoglobulins in premature infants].

PMID- 1196783
TI  - [Enzyme triad determining immunological status of premature infants during the
      first week of life].

PMID- 1196784
TI  - [Diagnosis of congenital pyloric stenosis in premature infants].

PMID- 1196785
TI  - [Cytochemical diagnosis of inflammatory diseases and sepsis in premature
      infants].

PMID- 1196786
TI  - [Pathomorphology of the spinal cord in intrauterine diseases of premature
      infants].

PMID- 1196787
TI  - [State of cardiovascular system in deceased premature infants having undergone
      resuscitation by different methods].

PMID- 1196788
TI  - [Characteristics of physical development of school children in Kamenets-Podolsk].

PMID- 1196789
TI  - [Antibody formation in immunologic insufficiency in children with ataxia
      telangiectasia].

PMID- 1196790
TI  - [Errors in the diagnosis of acute hematogenic osteomyelitis in children].

PMID- 1196791
TI  - [Clinical course and diagnosis of twisted ovarian cysts in children].

PMID- 1196792
TI  - [Criteria of comparative evaluation of lymphograms in malignant lymphomas in
      children].

PMID- 1196793
TI  - [Laparotomy with splenectomy in diagnosis and treatment of lymphogranulomatosis
      in children].

PMID- 1196794
TI  - [Diagnosis and estimation of prevalence of lymphogranulomatosis in children
      according to data of biopsy of the internal organs and lymph nodes of the
      abdominal cavity].

PMID- 1196795
TI  - [Cytochemical characteristics of lymphocytes of peripheral blood and lymph nodes
      in children with lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1196796
TI  - [Treatment of lymphogranulomatosis in children].

PMID- 1196797
TI  - [Experience in the treatment of children with lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1196798
TI  - [Circadian rhythm of changes of enzymatic structure of population of mononuclear
      blood cells in children with acute leukemia].

PMID- 1196799
TI  - [Content of iron in erythrocytes, erythroblasts and plasma in children with acute
      leukemia].

PMID- 1196800
TI  - [Incidence of onset, time of development and prevention of neuroleukemia in
      children].

PMID- 1196801
TI  - [Contractile function of the myocardium in children during the period of clinico
      hematological remission of acute leukemia].

PMID- 1196802
TI  - [Changes of peripheral blood in infectious mononucleosis in children].

PMID- 1196804
TI  - [Importance of coagulography in diagnosis of hemorrhagic diseases in children].

PMID- 1196803
TI  - [Circadian rhythm of cytochemical activity of leukocytes in normal and
      pathological states in children].

PMID- 1196805
TI  - [Hemolytic component in the course of hypoplastic anemia in children].

PMID- 1196806
TI  - [Effect of epidemic hepatitis on the course of hypoplastic anemia in children].

PMID- 1196807
TI  - [Certain indicators of iron metabolism in alimentary and infectious anemias in
      young children].

PMID- 1196808
TI  - [Case of bladder tumor in a 14-year-old boy].

PMID- 1196809
TI  - [Congenital Apert's acrocephalosyndactylia].

PMID- 1196811
TI  - [Case of endocardial fibroelastosis in a 7-month-old infant].

PMID- 1196810
TI  - [Resuscitation in recurrent hemorrhage from liver rupture in a 4-year-old child].

PMID- 1196812
TI  - [Case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) in a 19-month-old child].

PMID- 1196813
TI  - [Case of familial form of chronic adrenal insufficiency].

PMID- 1196814
TI  - [Case of plasmacytic variant of acute leukemia in a 13-year-old boy].

PMID- 1196815
TI  - [Benign hyperplasia of the thymus gland with myasthenia gravis and bulbar
      disorders in a 13-year-old girl].

PMID- 1196816
TI  - [Lymphographic anomalies in Still's disease. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1196817
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins in acute enteritis in infants. Study of IGG, IGA, IGM and
      of complement C'3 titers].

PMID- 1196818
TI  - [Infantile nephrotic syndrome. Apropos of 14 cases].

PMID- 1196819
TI  - [Turner's syndrome. Clinical and cytogenetic correlations. Studies of anti-organ
      antibodies. Comparison with controls].

PMID- 1196820
TI  - [48, XYYY males. Apropos of a case of 46, XX/47, XYY/48, XYYY mosaicism].

PMID- 1196821
TI  - [Solitary cyst of the kidney].

PMID- 1196822
TI  - [Aneurysm of the aorta in children due to coarctation.  Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1196823
TI  - [Somatic development of 119 premature infants born before the 31st week and
      followed-up for 18 months].

PMID- 1196824
TI  - [Does the Prader-Labhardt-Willi syndrome exist?].

PMID- 1196825
TI  - [Cardiac surgery in the 1st year of life. Recent results in 130 cases].

PMID- 1196826
TI  - [Hyponatremia with urinary sodium loss in newborn and older infants].

PMID- 1196827
TI  - An attempt to measure "disorder" in mental disorders.

PMID- 1196828
TI  - An axiomatic interpretation of the neo-darwinian theory of evolution.

PMID- 1196829
TI  - Social justice and equal access to health care.

PMID- 1196830
TI  - On a possible advantage accompanying blindness.

PMID- 1196831
TI  - Voices in the labyrinth: dialogues around the study of nature.

PMID- 1196832
TI  - Is muscular dystrophy a primary myopathy?

PMID- 1196833
TI  - Iummunologic rejection of chromosomally abnormal fetuses.

PMID- 1196834
TI  - Science and value.

PMID- 1196835
TI  - Further thoughts on molecular biology and metaphysics.

PMID- 1196836
TI  - On the functions of incompetence.

PMID- 1196837
TI  - Scientific method in science and medicine.

PMID- 1196838
TI  - A proposal for a force essential to biological organization.

PMID- 1196839
TI  - On giving equal time to the teaching of evolution and creation.

PMID- 1196840
TI  - [The physician and other remedies].

PMID- 1196841
TI  - [The 2d greatest industrial medicine institution in the world is introduced.
      Society criticizing the research profile. Rearming to meet increasing demands].

PMID- 1196842
TI  - [Description of goals for clinical performance in a pediatrics course].

PMID- 1196843
TI  - [Genetic guidance--debate and practical medicine].

PMID- 1196845
TI  - [Administration problems in the public sector].

PMID- 1196844
TI  - [The Red Cross and Scandinavian disaster aid].
AB  - In 1970, the League of Red Cross Societies drew up a plan for the training of
      delegates in international relief work. The main tasks of the delegates can be
      divided into: 1) disaster relief, 2) war-time relief work, 3) assistance in
      organising national Red Cross societies. Special training of certain categories,
      e. g. doctors, is now being considered. In many relief operations it would be of
      value to have a doctor as an administrative delegate. It should be easier for the
      doctor than for a non-medically trained person to decide where and when medical
      aid should be administered.

PMID- 1196846
TI  - [Administration of hospital activities].

PMID- 1196847
TI  - [The budget as an administration instrument in hospital management].

PMID- 1196848
TI  - [Swedish investigation of "natural drugs" suggests release of harmless drugs].

PMID- 1196849
TI  - [A hypophysis-absces-syndrome in cattle. II. Pathomorphological investigations
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical description (Espersen 1975) of a hypophysis-absces-syndrome in
      cattle is based on a retrospective analysis of 25 cases, which all were subjected
      to a patho-morphological examination after death or euthanasia. The post-mortem
      picture is characterized grossly by purulent, sero-fibrinous or serous
      inflammation of meninges, brain, cerebral ventricles, and pituitary region, with
      accumulation of pus in the pituitary region. The purlent inflammation in the
      pituitary region is often progressing intracranially but extradurally and
      involves adjacent cranial nerves, particularly the trigeminal and optic nerves.
      The extraneural viscera show chronic, embolic inflammatory processes in different
      organs in several cases as well as acute, agonal circulatory changes in the dead
      animals. A histological examination of selected parts of the brain and of the
      pituitary region from eleven of the cases shows in ten of these a protracted
      meningo-encephalitis and ventriculitis with gravitational extension to the basal
      meninges and the infundibulum of the hypophysis. The suppuration is further
      involving the pituitary cleft and adjacent parts of the pituitary (cf. fig. 1--6,
      8--11). In one case only a large abces in teh adenohypophysis is found, without a
      concominant meningo-encephalitis (cf. fig. 7).

PMID- 1196850
TI  - Studies on the possible occurrence of mycoplasmas in boar semen.
AB  - Having regard to the possibility that semen from conventional animals at the five
      Danish boar centres for artificial insemination may be used for insemination in
      SPF herds, raw semen from these boars (169) was examined for mycoplasmas. In
      addition, nasal swab samples and blood samples from 10 animals per centre were
      examined, respectively for mycoplasmas and antibodies against M. suipneumoniae
      and M. flocculare. Although the latter examinations gave evidence of a wide
      distribution of mycoplasmas, such were in no case recovered from raw semen. It
      hereafter appears that boars do not usually excrete mycoplasmas with semen, even
      if carrying the infection in the respiratory tract.

PMID- 1196851
TI  - The effect of storage on the estrogenic effect of red clover silage.
AB  - Pure red clover was selected for plant estrogen analyses from the fresh fodder
      crops of 1972 and 1973. The investigations were made on fresh red clover and on
      the same red clover after periods of storage of varying length. The red clover
      was stored in manilla bags in a silo among the ordinary silge fodder, use being
      of the "green solution method" (Farmos Oy). In the studies the estrogenic effect
      of the fodder was ascertained by means of bioassay, the criterion being the
      increase in murine uterine weight. The known plant estrogens were determined by
      thin layer chromatography and by liquid chromatography. The estrogenic effect of
      the red clover silage fodder of 1972 was greater in all the silage fodder samples
      than it was in the fresh red clover. The quantity of individual isoflavones and
      "transformed" estrogen too, was greater in many of the silage fodder samples than
      it was in the respective fresh red clover. The estrogenic effect of the silage
      fodder made from the red clover of 1973 varied considerably; in some samples it
      was greater but in most it was smaller than the estrogen effect of the fresh red
      clover. However, apart from a few exceptions, the quantity of individual
      isoflavones and of transformed estrogens was smaller than it was the fresh red
      clover.

PMID- 1196852
TI  - [Plasma progesterone in mares showing oestrus during early pregnancy (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Sixtyfour mares were examined 3 and 6 weeks after mating. Progesterone was
      measured in 22 mares 3 weeks after mating in order to see if this could be of any
      help in the oestrous diagnosis. None of the pregnant mares had plasma
      progesterone below 2 ng/ml. Pregnant mares that did not show oestrus had higher
      levels of plasma progesterone than pregnant mares showing signs of oestrus 3
      weeks after mating. Clinical findings in pregnant and nonpregnant mares 3 weeks
      after mating is compared, and oestrus in pregnant mares is discussed.

PMID- 1196853
TI  - The effect of different calcium doses in milk fever therapy. A comparative
      internordic field study.
AB  - In an internordic field study of the effect of the Ca dose (6, 9 and 12 g) on the
      therapeutic result in parturient paresis, considerably better results were
      recorded in Finland than in the other countries at all dose levels. In Finland a
      full effect was obtained with 6 g, while in all others 9 g Ca yielded a
      significantly better result than 6 g. Raising of the dose to 12 g produced no
      improvement. There was a significant difference in therapeutic results between
      the two Finnish breeds. A larger number of fatal cases was recorded among paretic
      cows with plasma Ca greater then 8.0 mg/100 ml.

PMID- 1196854
TI  - [A hypophysis-abscess-syndrome in cattle III. Pathogenesis (author's transl)].
AB  - The pathogenesis of a hypophysis-absces-syndrome in cattle is discussed on the
      basis of clinical (Espersen 1975) and pathomorphological (Moller and Espersen
      1975) investigations. It is concluded that several pathogenetic mechanisms are
      possible. A remarkable high incidence of the syndrome in recently ringed bulls
      point to the possibility of a porogenous spread from the nasal septum to the
      meninges and brain. The often occurring traumatic horn lesions with subsequent
      sinusitis suggest a porogenous spread from the sinus to the meninges and brain.
      On the other hand, traumatic horn lesions seem more often to occur as a secondary
      event and caused by automutilation, as a consequence of the pain, which is
      thought to accompany a primary meningo-encephalitis. The localization of the
      abscess in the hypophysis seems, in the majority of cases, to be a result of a
      primary, purulent meningo-encephalitis, with accumulation of pus from the brain
      ventricles to the infundibulum and pituitary cleft, due to gravitational forces.
      In some cases possibly as an extension from a basal meningitis. A direct,
      hematogenous metastasis to the frontal lobe of the pituitary is a further
      possibility. Ascending infection through a persistent cranio-pharyngeal duct and
      infection due to a primary cranial fracture represents other hypothetical,
      pathogentical possibilities. They have not been shown to occur. Severe clinical
      symptoms seem to be absent until the inflammation in the basal meninges and in
      the pituitary region attacks the adjacent cranial nerves, causing a
      paresis/paralysis.

PMID- 1196855
TI  - [Mercury residues in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) in 1966 and 1974 (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A comparative study of liver, muscle and kidney specimens from goshawks
      (Accipiter gentilis) shot in 1966 and 1974 respectively shows that a significant
      decrease in the mercury levels has taken place. The mean values in the liver
      specimens have changed from 2.27 mg/kg to 0.50 mg/kg, in the muscle specimens
      from 0.99 mg/kg to 0.20 mg/kg and in the kidney specimens from 3.06 mg/kg to 0.57
      mg/kg. The main cause of this decrease is supposed to depend upon the
      recommendations since 1969 to avoid alkylmercurials as seed dressing.

PMID- 1196856
TI  - Quantitative analysis of thiaminase activity in certain fish species.
AB  - Thiaminase I and II activity of Baltic herring, vendace, smelt and dace was
      measured. All four fish species were found to contain thiaminase activity. The
      amounts of thiaminase activity in mug of thiamine split per 100 g of fish tissue
      per hour at 37 degrees C were: in Baltic herring 115 +/- 60, in dace 11500 +/-
      2050, in smelt 25 +/- 25 and in vendace 30+/- 15.

PMID- 1196857
TI  - [Left ventricular perforation after insertion of a mitral prosthesis. 6 cases].
AB  - The external ruptures of the left ventricule occuring in the first twelve
      postoperative hours and demonstrated by a disastrous haemorrhage or cardiac
      failure, the other traumatics accidents could be delayed and be observed during
      the first month, or even later. Essentially two mechanisms are implicated: --
      Direct traumatism by a ball valve on the ventricular septrum. -- Sub-annular
      splitting in connection with the excision of a piece of calcareous valve. Two
      lines of approch can be offered to avoid these accidents: -- Choose a disc valve
      when the surgeon finds a small left ventricle below a stenosed and calcified
      mitral valve. -- Care in the decalcification of the mitral ring and the valvular
      resection, leaving in case of need a small calcified cuff for safety. The
      analysis of these findings clarify the main causes of left ventricular rupture
      after mitral replacement, rare complications, but ones which are very real.

PMID- 1196858
TI  - [Hemodynamic study of pulmonary edemas due to the increase of alveolo-capillary
      permeability].
AB  - Hemodynamic data were collected in 42 patients with pulmonary edema (P.E.) due to
      altered permeability of various causes. Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PWP) was
      normal, whatever the time of the study and the severity of the P.E. Pulmonary
      artery hypertension was present in the cases with severe hypoxemia, but
      disappeared with hypoxemia correction. In some cases, a hyperkinetic or a
      hypovolemic syndrome was found, being induced by the cause of P.E. Although
      within normal limits, PWP was significantly higher at the first hours of P.E.
      than after the 6th hour. Perfusion of colloid solutes worsened P.E., although
      increasing PWP by only a few mmHg. Dehydration using diuretics markedly improved
      the venous admixture, although PWP was previously normal. These data document the
      production of P.E. in many causes-such as severe sepsis, drowning, fat embolism,
      barbiturate overdose-by impaired alveolo-capillary permeability, PWP and blood
      protein content remaining within normal limits. They also demonstrate the noxious
      effects of overperfusion and the efficiency of dehydration in such pulmonary
      edemas.

PMID- 1196859
TI  - [Tumoral extension by inversion of the lymphatic flow in colonic cancer].
AB  - In a patient with an adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon, the jejunal central
      villous lymphatics were dilated and contained tumour cells. This case, apparently
      the only one of its type, demonstrates the proof of a phenomenon sometimes
      described in connection with malignant diseases, but rarely proven; that of the
      dissemination of tumour cells by reversal of lymphatic flow.

PMID- 1196860
TI  - [Letter: Mediastino-pulmonary sarcoidosis. Indications of corticotherapy].

PMID- 1196861
TI  - [Letter: Bisalbuminemia revealing an intraperitoneal pancreatic fistula].

PMID- 1196862
TI  - [Letter: The abondoned child].

PMID- 1196863
TI  - [Letter: Pseudotumoral pulmonary schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni].

PMID- 1196864
TI  - [Letter: For a new terminology in biliary radiology].

PMID- 1196865
TI  - [Letter: Bacterioid infections in hospital practice].

PMID- 1196866
TI  - [Letter: The information of the public about drugs].

PMID- 1196867
TI  - [Letter: Assay of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol by radiocompetition].

PMID- 1196868
TI  - [Letter: Pneumothorax during oral corticotherapy].

PMID- 1196869
TI  - [A method for teaching patient examination - the check-list].

PMID- 1196870
TI  - [In vivo action of amoxicillin].

PMID- 1196871
TI  - [Research of an association between HL-A antigens and systemic scleroderma].
AB  - 49 unrelated subjects suffering from systemic scleroderma were typed for 28 HL-A
      antigens, without any particular significant association of an antigen with the
      disease or one of its manifestations being noted. In addition, 13 patients from
      the same family were genotyped for HL-A. Transmission of the disease through 4
      generations does not seem to be linked to a particular haplotype and no pair of
      sibling HL-A identical patients were seen in the same generation. By contrast,
      two pairs of sibling patients were HL-A different. Nevertheless, other cases, and
      in particular familial, will be necessary before an association between the genes
      of susceptibility to S.S. and a gene in the chromosomal HL-A region may be
      definitely eliminated.

PMID- 1196872
TI  - [The deterioration of patients with parkinsonism treated with L-dopa].
AB  - A progressive deterioration in clinical state was noted in more than half of a
      group of 87 patients with parkinsonism treated with dopa for 4 to 6 years. The
      pattern of this deterioration is often quite particular: frequency of troubles
      with walking, falls, predominance of akinesia in certain motor functions,
      inconstant recurrence of tremor or rigidity. Some intellectual deterioration is
      sometimes seen, more common in those patients who had suffered episodes of mental
      confusion. 11 patients died. It may, however, be hoped that the average life
      expectancy will increase.

PMID- 1196873
TI  - [Acanthosis nigricans associated with diffuse esophageal papillomatosis].
AB  - Two cases of acanthosis nigricans seen in 2 women, the characteristics of which
      were those of malignant forms, showed oesophageal involvment, the appearance of
      which was quite similar to that of the mucosal localisations of the syndrome. The
      authors discuss the features which distinguish the oesophageal localisation of
      acanthosis nigricans from other types of oesophageal acanthosis or papillomata.
      In one case, this type of acanthosis, seven years after its onset, was not
      associated with any detectable malignant change and in the other the cutaneous
      lesions were improved following surgery at which the associated gastric tumour
      was not removed.

PMID- 1196874
TI  - [Senescence at the enzyme level].

PMID- 1196875
TI  - [Determination of the microcirculatory blood flow by pulp plethysmography].
AB  - A method for clinical determination of blood inflow at the tip of digit, using
      mercury strain gauge plethysmography with venous occlusion, is presented,
      including a satisfactory way of calibration of the "closed type" gauges.
      Theoretical considerations and experimental data allow to consider the accuracy
      of the method (of +/- 7 p.cent) to be of clinical value.

PMID- 1196876
TI  - [Plasma half-life of cefazoline. Study in the normal subject and in the patient
      with renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1196877
TI  - [Double derivation of the intrahepatic biliary tract].

PMID- 1196878
TI  - [Letter: Study of platelet kinetics. Its value for the indication of
      anticoagulant therapy].

PMID- 1196879
TI  - [Letter: Diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 1196880
TI  - [Letter: Successful surgical treatment of type A Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome].

PMID- 1196881
TI  - [Cosmetic legislation].

PMID- 1196882
TI  - [Control of fraud in cosmetology].

PMID- 1196883
TI  - [Colic diverticulosis. Nosological propositions].

PMID- 1196884
TI  - [Hereditary coproporphyria. 7 cases].
AB  - Hereditary coprophyria, known since 1955, is a rare variety of hepatic porphyria.
      The clinical picture is similar to that of acute intermittent porphyria with
      certain minor differences; neurological manifestations being rarer in particular.
      The essential biological characteristic is the massive excretion, in the urine
      and faeces, of coproporphyrins whilst the excretion of porphobilinogen and delta
      amino-laevulinic acid is only slightly increased. As in acute intermittent
      porphyria, certain medications have an adverse effect, especially the
      barbiturates. The exact nature of the biochemical lesion is not understood but
      its hereditary nature has been demonstrated. 25 families have been reported in
      the literature up to the present time. The authors report two cases of hereditary
      coproporphyria with peripheral paralysis and respiratory failure, the outcome
      being fatal in one case. Study of the families led to the discovery of 3 other
      cases in the second family and 2 latent forms in the first.

PMID- 1196885
TI  - Gastric plasmacytosarcoma with IgA dysglobulinemia.

PMID- 1196886
TI  - [The postero-internal route, a unique route for the approach to the 3 arterial
      axes of the leg].

PMID- 1196887
TI  - [Letter: Fianotti and Crosti's infantile papulous acrodermatitis with positive
      Australia antigen. Development towards an active chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 1196888
TI  - [Letter: Stenotizing tuberculosis of the left colon].

PMID- 1196889
TI  - [Letter: Relation of super trochlear femoral erosions with articular
      chondrocalcinosis].

PMID- 1196890
TI  - [Letter: Pleuropulmonary fibrosis due to methysergide with circulating immune
      complexes[].

PMID- 1196891
TI  - [Letter: Value of adrenal mapping in case of hypercorticism with difficult
      diagnosis].

PMID- 1196892
TI  - [Letter: Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis with spontaneous pneumoperitoneum.
      Possible role of laparotomy in its involution].

PMID- 1196893
TI  - [Letter: Cross iliofemoral bypass through the obturator hole].

PMID- 1196894
TI  - [Letter: Diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis with a familial character.
      Histocompatibility testing].

PMID- 1196895
TI  - [Letter: Pathogenesis of the porcelaine gallbadder].

PMID- 1196896
TI  - Letter: Rheumatoid rosette test in the aged.

PMID- 1196897
TI  - [Letter: Intentional and action tremor due to bismuth poisoning].

PMID- 1196898
TI  - [Epidemiology of stomach carcinoma].

PMID- 1196899
TI  - [Epidemiology of proliferative diseases of the hemopoietic system in the Lublin
      Province in the years 1962-1971. I. Acute and chronic leukemias].

PMID- 1196900
TI  - [Interstitial Iridium-192 treatment].

PMID- 1196901
TI  - [Effect of breast cancer surgery by Patey's method on the function of the upper
      extremity].

PMID- 1196902
TI  - [Results of treatment of bone metastases in women with breast cancer].

PMID- 1196903
TI  - [For how long should patients be followed up after radiotherapy for skin and
      labial carcinoma].

PMID- 1196904
TI  - [Case of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon with a slow course].

PMID- 1196905
TI  - Training for mature entrants progress report on an experimental scheme.

PMID- 1196906
TI  - Editorial: Calculated confrontation.

PMID- 1196907
TI  - Nursing care study: chronic bronchitis, emphysema and cor pulmonale.

PMID- 1196908
TI  - Surgery for obesity.

PMID- 1196910
TI  - First aid-8: road accidents.

PMID- 1196909
TI  - Anatomical drawing-2: organs of the digestive system--1.

PMID- 1196911
TI  - How drugs act-16: diuretic drugs.

PMID- 1196912
TI  - Superannuation-2. Claiming contributions back.

PMID- 1196913
TI  - The psychotherapeutic role of the nurse.

PMID- 1196914
TI  - A kardex system.

PMID- 1196915
TI  - The pre-and post-operative visit concept.

PMID- 1196917
TI  - Editorial: Fully understaffed.

PMID- 1196916
TI  - Training for mature entrants: 2. Teaching.

PMID- 1196918
TI  - Barrier nursing?

PMID- 1196919
TI  - Nursing care study: a baby with Pierre Robin syndrome.

PMID- 1196920
TI  - Tropical sprue.

PMID- 1196922
TI  - An approach to psychiatric nursing.

PMID- 1196921
TI  - Ascites.

PMID- 1196923
TI  - Anatomical drawing-3. Organs of the digestive system-2.

PMID- 1196924
TI  - Who is left for company?

PMID- 1196925
TI  - How lucky you are on a psychogeriatric ward.

PMID- 1196926
TI  - How drugs act-17. Drugs and the blood.

PMID- 1196927
TI  - Postnatal treatment of toxaemia.

PMID- 1196928
TI  - A night in Shepherd's Bush.

PMID- 1196929
TI  - Examining examinations-1. Essay and structured questions.

PMID- 1196930
TI  - Geriatric services study group.

PMID- 1196931
TI  - Survey of over-80 age group in a GP population based on urban health centre.

PMID- 1196932
TI  - Editorial: Mental blockage.

PMID- 1196933
TI  - Oral contraceptives a memorandum to the DHSS.

PMID- 1196934
TI  - Alternative medicine: homeopathy.

PMID- 1196935
TI  - Glandular fever.

PMID- 1196937
TI  - Examining examinations. 2. Objective tests.

PMID- 1196936
TI  - Nursing care study: myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1196938
TI  - Anatomical drawing. 4. The gall bladder, the heart and circulation.

PMID- 1196940
TI  - Country life--a survey of the needs of old people in a rural area.

PMID- 1196939
TI  - A comparative trial of a new laxative.

PMID- 1196942
TI  - Back to paediatric nursing on a race-track ward.

PMID- 1196941
TI  - The big sister programme: a concept of primary nursing care.

PMID- 1196943
TI  - Paediatric care viewed by a mother--an RSCN.

PMID- 1196944
TI  - Editorial: Signing for time.

PMID- 1196947
TI  - The personal touch.

PMID- 1196945
TI  - 'In the long term we are all dead'.

PMID- 1196946
TI  - Nursing a blind patient.

PMID- 1196948
TI  - Infections of the hand.

PMID- 1196949
TI  - Hiccups.

PMID- 1196950
TI  - Portable urinals for women.

PMID- 1196951
TI  - Anatomical drawing-5. Respiratory organs, the ear.

PMID- 1196953
TI  - Examining examinations-3. Completion and true/false items.

PMID- 1196952
TI  - How drugs act-19. Antidiabetic drugs.

PMID- 1196954
TI  - Ward assessments.

PMID- 1196955
TI  - Portrait of a recluse.

PMID- 1196956
TI  - Community option. 2. Survey after one year's activities in Newham.

PMID- 1196957
TI  - Editorial: Asking why.

PMID- 1196958
TI  - Accidental hypothermia in the elderly.

PMID- 1196959
TI  - Maternity nurse practitioner.

PMID- 1196960
TI  - General nursing practitioner.

PMID- 1196961
TI  - Passive smoking in children.

PMID- 1196963
TI  - Examining examinations-6. Multiple-choice items.

PMID- 1196962
TI  - How drugs act-22. Drugs and the colon.

PMID- 1196964
TI  - The red arrow.

PMID- 1196965
TI  - A dry bed is the objective.

PMID- 1196966
TI  - Working in Germany.

PMID- 1196967
TI  - Triple tenodesis of the knee.

PMID- 1196969
TI  - Hypnosis in dentistry.

PMID- 1196968
TI  - Hypnosis in obstetrics.

PMID- 1196970
TI  - Hypnosis in medicine.

PMID- 1196971
TI  - Promoting urinary continence in the elderly in hospital.

PMID- 1196973
TI  - Examining examinations-7. The matrix.

PMID- 1196972
TI  - How drugs act-23. Drugs and cancer.

PMID- 1196974
TI  - The deprivation syndrome.

PMID- 1196975
TI  - Editorial: Miscalculated risks.

PMID- 1196977
TI  - Haemophilia. 1. Incidence, inheritance and management.

PMID- 1196976
TI  - Behind the headlines.

PMID- 1196978
TI  - Dysphagia.

PMID- 1196979
TI  - Nursing care study. Senile dementia and depression, and rehabilitation of the
      patient.

PMID- 1196981
TI  - Moving the critically ill.

PMID- 1196980
TI  - Hydrocephalus.

PMID- 1196982
TI  - How drugs act. 24. Drugs and pregnancy.

PMID- 1196983
TI  - Examining examinations. 8. Final preparations-layout of objective test papers.

PMID- 1196984
TI  - Problems of middle age. Physical disorders.

PMID- 1196985
TI  - Problems of middle age. Psychological disorders.

PMID- 1196986
TI  - The training of care assistants in Denmark.

PMID- 1196987
TI  - 'Not in today': absence survey.

PMID- 1196988
TI  - Taking the strain.

PMID- 1196989
TI  - In the front line.

PMID- 1196990
TI  - Towards a Euronurse.

PMID- 1196992
TI  - Herpes simplex of the genitals.

PMID- 1196991
TI  - Nursing care study. Complications after hip replacement.

PMID- 1196993
TI  - It's different now. 4. Hush! You'll wake the patients.

PMID- 1196994
TI  - Haemophilia. 2. Chronic haemophilic arthropathy.

PMID- 1196995
TI  - How drugs act. 25. Biological drugs and vaccines.

PMID- 1196996
TI  - Problems of middle age. The middle years family.

PMID- 1196997
TI  - The nurse's role in psychiatric institutions.1.

PMID- 1196999
TI  - The Butler report.

PMID- 1196998
TI  - Under the influence?

PMID- 1197000
TI  - Alternative medicine: the science of spiritural healing.

PMID- 1197001
TI  - Nursing care study: atopic eczema.

PMID- 1197003
TI  - Disorders of micturition in the elderly.

PMID- 1197002
TI  - Supracondylar fractures of the humerus.

PMID- 1197004
TI  - Diarrhoea.

PMID- 1197005
TI  - How drugs act-26. Drugs and the mental state.

PMID- 1197006
TI  - Manpower planning at district level.

PMID- 1197007
TI  - Recognising non-accidental injury in children.

PMID- 1197009
TI  - Smoking and pregnancy.

PMID- 1197008
TI  - Conflicting needs and concepts in psychiatric hospitals.

PMID- 1197010
TI  - The nurse's role in psychiatric institutions. 2.

PMID- 1197011
TI  - The research ethic.

PMID- 1197012
TI  - Haemolytic disease of the newborn.

PMID- 1197014
TI  - Spinal tumours. 1. Classification.

PMID- 1197015
TI  - Arthroscopy.

PMID- 1197013
TI  - Nursing care study: paraphrenia.

PMID- 1197016
TI  - Discomfort after food.

PMID- 1197017
TI  - If Christmas comes...

PMID- 1197018
TI  - How drugs act. 27. Drugs and addiction.

PMID- 1197019
TI  - Island practice.

PMID- 1197020
TI  - [Hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies of Rubella virus in a sample of female
      population in the Province of Modena].

PMID- 1197021
TI  - [Studies on the content of organochlorine pesticides in the total diet in Italy.
      IV. Hexachlorobenzene in the non-prepared food].

PMID- 1197022
TI  - [Studies on the content of organochlorine pesticides in the Italian total diet.
      V. Hexachlorobenzene in prepared and ready to eat food. Comparison with data on
      other organochlorine pesticides].

PMID- 1197023
TI  - [Antimicrobial activity of sulfadiazine-silver].

PMID- 1197024
TI  - [Antitetanic anatoxin serum vaccination in human volunteers].

PMID- 1197025
TI  - Today's respiratory mass spectrometer.

PMID- 1197026
TI  - Compressed gas mixtures for calibration.

PMID- 1197027
TI  - Improvements to inlet systems with special reference to the time constants.

PMID- 1197028
TI  - Electronic feedback circuit for increasing signal-to-noise ratio in a mass
      spectrometer.

PMID- 1197029
TI  - Application of rebreathing techniques to analysis of alveolar gas exchange:
      theory.

PMID- 1197030
TI  - Pulmonary O2-diffusing capacity in man by rebreathing: recent advances.

PMID- 1197031
TI  - Effects of regional inhomogeneities on determination of cardiac output and
      diffusing capacity.

PMID- 1197032
TI  - Ventilatory control in athletes.

PMID- 1197033
TI  - Battery of single-breath tests for rapid measurement of pulmonary function using
      a respiratory mass spectrometer.

PMID- 1197034
TI  - Single-breath determination of functional dead space.

PMID- 1197035
TI  - Dead space and venous admixture measurement through mass spectrometry.

PMID- 1197036
TI  - The bloodless determination of av-O2 saturation difference from expiratory O2 and
      CO2 curves.

PMID- 1197037
TI  - Evaluation of pulmonary capillary blood flow by rebreathing of inert gases.

PMID- 1197038
TI  - Intrapulmonary gas mixing in man studied by dilution of inert gases of different
      diffusivity.

PMID- 1197039
TI  - Frequency dependent changes of gas distribution in long-term cigarette smokers.

PMID- 1197040
TI  - Heart synchronous partial pressure oscillations in the alveolar plateau and
      ventilatory distribution.

PMID- 1197041
TI  - The use of mass spectrometry in anesthesia and intensive care.

PMID- 1197042
TI  - Lung function measurements in ventilated patients using a respiratory mass
      spectrometer.

PMID- 1197043
TI  - Mass spectrometric determination of partial pressures of gases in liquids.

PMID- 1197044
TI  - Blood-gas analysis with a mass spectrometer membrane inlet system.

PMID- 1197045
TI  - [Activity of the sympathetic nervous system during experimentally induced
      hypoxemia in man (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197046
TI  - Editorial: Where next for respiratory medicine? An epidemiological point of view.

PMID- 1197047
TI  - [Progressive systemic sclerosis (diffuse sclerodermia) and Goodpasture's syndrom
      in 47-years-old woman (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197048
TI  - The role of unilateral vagotomy on reflex bronchoconstriction.

PMID- 1197049
TI  - Frequency-dependent changes of gas distribution revealing early mechanical
      alterations in human lungs.

PMID- 1197050
TI  - Inhalation experiments with tantalum oxide dust.

PMID- 1197051
TI  - Epidemiology of intrathoracic sarcoidosis in the Federal Republic of Germany.

PMID- 1197052
TI  - Surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in Greenland.

PMID- 1197053
TI  - [Food poisoning].

PMID- 1197054
TI  - [Scintigraphic diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. II. Differential diagnosis].

PMID- 1197055
TI  - [Secretion of parathyroid hormone in patients with chronic renal insufficiency
      treated by extracorporeal dialysis].

PMID- 1197056
TI  - [Surface receptors of lymphocytes in patients with chronic brucellosis].

PMID- 1197057
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism in liver cirrhosis. I. Glucose tolerance disorders].

PMID- 1197058
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism in liver cirrhosis. II. Insulinemia following loading
      with glucose alone and in combination with glucagon and tolbutamide].

PMID- 1197059
TI  - [Methods of radiographic examination of patients with myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 1197060
TI  - [Pigment cirrhosis of the liver. I. Wilson's disease--hepatolenticular
      degeneration].

PMID- 1197061
TI  - [Treatment of thyroid carcinoma in the light of experiences of the Department of
      Surgery, Institute of Hematology in Warsaw].

PMID- 1197063
TI  - [Bile concrements left in bile ducts following surgery].

PMID- 1197062
TI  - [Autoantibodies and HBAg antigenemia in chronic persistent and chronic aggressive
      hepatitis].

PMID- 1197064
TI  - [New data on Reye's syndrome].

PMID- 1197065
TI  - [Heartburn and gastro-esophageal reflux studied by the water-siphon method].

PMID- 1197066
TI  - [Value of practolol in the treatment of coronary arterial disease].

PMID- 1197067
TI  - [Internal drainage of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver].

PMID- 1197068
TI  - [Umbilical endometriosis].

PMID- 1197069
TI  - [Activity of some key enzymes of glucose metabolism in peripheral leukocytes in
      schizophrenics].

PMID- 1197070
TI  - [Use of drugs by drivers].

PMID- 1197071
TI  - [Total and ionized serum calcium levels following surgery on the thyroid gland].

PMID- 1197072
TI  - [Serum vitamin B 12 levels in chronic alcoholics during abstinence].

PMID- 1197073
TI  - [Value of radiographic studies in the diagnosis of duodenal cap ulcer].

PMID- 1197074
TI  - [2 cases of cervical pregnancy].

PMID- 1197075
TI  - [Transient ascites in a patient treated with maintenance hemodialysis].

PMID- 1197076
TI  - [Evaluation of Nafcillin natrium Polfa in selected skin diseases].

PMID- 1197077
TI  - [Traumatic damage of the ligamentous-capsular elements of the talocrural joint].

PMID- 1197078
TI  - [Intermediate revascularization of the heart by means of a venous graft].

PMID- 1197079
TI  - [Urinary urokinase and blood fibrinolytic activity in patients with diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 1197080
TI  - [Electroencephalographic studies in children with congenital vision disorders].

PMID- 1197081
TI  - [Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline in children with respiratory diseases].

PMID- 1197082
TI  - [Duodenal and gastric ulcers in liver diseases].

PMID- 1197083
TI  - [Preliminary determination of serum potassium in patients with acute myocardial
      infarct and its clinical importance].

PMID- 1197084
TI  - [Results of one-year follow-up of the ECG curve changes in patients after acute
      myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1197085
TI  - [Unusual foreign body in the cranial cavity].

PMID- 1197086
TI  - [Acute carbon monoxide poisoning with an exceptionally severe course].

PMID- 1197087
TI  - [Electronic prostheses of the organ of vision].

PMID- 1197088
TI  - [Effect of dialysis on plasma cortisol concentration in patients with renal
      failure].

PMID- 1197089
TI  - [D-xylose test in healthy children].

PMID- 1197090
TI  - [Insulin secretion oral glucose tolerance test in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1197091
TI  - [Psychic aspects of malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 1197092
TI  - [Selected clinical aspects of diagnosing congestive cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 1197093
TI  - [Participation of Yersinia in infections in patients treated for acute abdominal
      diseases].

PMID- 1197094
TI  - [Prognostic usefulness of some enzymatic tests in acute poisonings with hypnotic
      or psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 1197095
TI  - [Endocardial fibroelastosis].

PMID- 1197096
TI  - [Cell-mediated and humoral immune response during pregnancy].

PMID- 1197097
TI  - [Immunoglobulins class IgG, IgA, IgM in the serum following tuberculin
      administration].

PMID- 1197098
TI  - [Effect of pentagastrin on tissue culture of gastric and duodenal mucosa
      originating from patients with ulcer disease].

PMID- 1197099
TI  - [Osmotic kidney function in adults with acute viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1197100
TI  - [Effect of prolonged total starvation on urinary excretion of corticosteroids in
      obese patients].

PMID- 1197101
TI  - [Assessment of the action of Sadamine Polfa and Mydocalm Richter preparations as
      based on photoplethysmography].

PMID- 1197102
TI  - [AB-144 nebulizer used in bronchography anesthesia].

PMID- 1197103
TI  - [Jaundice associated with bacterial infection in young infants. A differential
      diagnosis].

PMID- 1197104
TI  - [Case of mesenteric fibroma].

PMID- 1197106
TI  - [Biologic availability of drugs in humans and animals].

PMID- 1197105
TI  - [Visken in the treatment of arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1197107
TI  - [Postgraduate training in internal medicine hospital departments in the light of
      inquiry studies].

PMID- 1197108
TI  - [NBT test and serum levels of IgA, IgM and IgG in healthy children].

PMID- 1197109
TI  - [New radioisotope method of quantitative determination of galactose-1-phosphate
      in red blood cells in galactosemia].

PMID- 1197110
TI  - [Monitoring of acid-base equilibrium in patients with acute myocardial infarct
      during early hospital rehabilitation].

PMID- 1197111
TI  - [Diagnostic radiographic errors and their sequelae in legal proceedings].

PMID- 1197112
TI  - [Pulmonary carcinoma in the studies of Polish pneumonologists].

PMID- 1197113
TI  - [Usefulness of infusion cholecystocholangiography in preoperative evaluation of
      the bile ducts].

PMID- 1197114
TI  - [Gastric eosinophilic granuloma].

PMID- 1197115
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Dicloxacillin Polfa].

PMID- 1197116
TI  - [Effect of a meal on electrocardiographic patterns in patients with chronic
      myocardial ischemia (stenocardia) and with a normal electrocardiogram at rest].

PMID- 1197117
TI  - [Blood flow in peripheral tissues during cigarette smoking].

PMID- 1197118
TI  - [Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in erythrocytes in healthy children].

PMID- 1197119
TI  - [24-hour cortisol profile in diabetes].

PMID- 1197120
TI  - [Detection of hyperlipoproteinemia as based on determination of total plasma
      lipids].

PMID- 1197121
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins and NBT index in relation to the degree of cupremia in
      children of school age].

PMID- 1197122
TI  - [Calcium iontophoresis in allergic rhinitis in children with asthma].

PMID- 1197123
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis in the course of pregnancy].

PMID- 1197124
TI  - [3 cases of unilateral hyperlucent lung syndrome in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1197125
TI  - [A suggestion of restricting experiments on genetic transformations].

PMID- 1197126
TI  - [Complications of pancreatic pseudocysts].

PMID- 1197127
TI  - [Acute unilateral ischemia of the lower extremities as a main syndrome of
      dissecting aortic aneurysm].

PMID- 1197128
TI  - [Effect of low molecular weight (D-40) dextran on diuresis in extracorporeal
      perfusion].

PMID- 1197129
TI  - [Complications and mortality following gastroenterological surgery in elderly
      patients].

PMID- 1197130
TI  - [Elongated stump of cystic duct as a cause of re-operations].

PMID- 1197131
TI  - [Increase of microbial antibiotic resistance at the Surgical Clinic in the years
      1967-71].

PMID- 1197132
TI  - [Chlorhexidine--a colored 0.5 solution in 70% alcohol as aerosol of Polish
      production].

PMID- 1197133
TI  - [Surgical treatment of coexisting cholelithiasis and gastric or duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1197134
TI  - [Subcutaneous axillo-axillary bypass graft in the treatment of subclavian steal
      syndrome].

PMID- 1197135
TI  - [Neurofibroma of the small intestine].

PMID- 1197136
TI  - [Congenital cyst of the common bile duct].

PMID- 1197137
TI  - [Air embolism in the course of surgery for mitral valve insufficiency].

PMID- 1197138
TI  - [Somatic translocation and recombination in the biosynthesis of antibodies].

PMID- 1197139
TI  - [Photohypersensitivity and DNA repair in xeroderma pigmentosum].

PMID- 1197140
TI  - [The biological significance of limited proteolysis].

PMID- 1197141
TI  - Analysis of the hypotensive action of prazosin.
AB  - Results of animal studies indicate that the hypotensive effect of prazosin is due
      to vasodilatation which is dependent on two discernible components of drug
      action: (1) direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and (2) interference with
      peripheral sympathetic function at a site distal to the alpha-adrenergic
      receptor.

PMID- 1197142
TI  - Effects of prazosin on renal function and fluid-electrolyte metabolism.
AB  - This study was designed to determine the effects on renal function and fluid
      electrolyte metabolism of prazosin administered intravenously in a single dose
      and administered orally in a single dose and in multiple doses to patients with
      essential hypertension. The results indicate that clinically effective doses of
      prazosin do not observably alter parameters of kidney function. No side effects
      were reported by patients, all of whom followed the medication schedule as
      prescribed (adherence was confirmed by measurement of blood levels of the agent).

PMID- 1197143
TI  - Hemodynamic changes at rest and during exercise in long-term prazosin therapy for
      essential hypertension.
AB  - Fourteen men 30 to 50 years of age (mean, 42) with untreated essential
      hypertension, WHO stage I or II, and no other demonstrable disease were studied
      as outpatients. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, cardiac output, and intraarterial
      brachial pressure were recorded at rest in the supine and sitting positions and
      during exercise in the form of bicycling. The subjects were then treated with
      prazosin in a dosage of 3 to 7.5 mg/day. Eleven subjects responded well, and in
      10 of these the hemodynamic study was repeated after one year. At the time of
      restudy, the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were reduced about
      11% at rest and during exercise. Pressure reduction was associated with a marked
      decrease in the previously increased total peripheral resistance of about 17%
      during rest and 22% during exercise. In all but two subjects, total peripheral
      resistance was reduced 10% or more at rest and during exercise. During exercise,
      the total peripheral resistance was reduced more than 10% in all subjects. Heart
      rate and cardiac output were not changed significantly but tended to be higher
      after one year of therapy. A comparison of the results with those obtained in
      patients treated with other antihypertensive agents shows that the reduction in
      total peripheral resistance was greatest in the group receiving prazosin.

PMID- 1197144
TI  - Pediatrics: ridding children of common worm infections.
AB  - The most common worm infection in children in the United States is pinworm
      infection. In second place is roundworm infection. Agents that are effective
      against these nematodes in a high proportion of cases are available. In hookworm
      disease, generally seen in older children, tetrachloroethylene treatment is being
      supplanted by use of drugs less likely to have adverse side effect. Visceral
      larva migrans is difficult to diagnose and to treat, and our best hope for
      control lies in prevention.

PMID- 1197145
TI  - Case report: intussuscepted cystic duct causing common duct obstruction.

PMID- 1197146
TI  - Case report: "purple toes" syndrome: an uncommon complication of oral
      anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 1197147
TI  - Eye disorders: common ocular injuries: assessing the severity.
AB  - Any eye injruy due to blunt trauma calls for a measurement of visual acuity as
      part of the initial examination. Blunt trauma may result in a black eye or in a
      far more serious injury such as blowout fracture, hyphema, or macular edema.

PMID- 1197148
TI  - Hormonal mechanisms in the onset of puberty.

PMID- 1197149
TI  - Endocrine aspects of anovulation.

PMID- 1197150
TI  - Recent advances in the treatment of male sub-fertility.

PMID- 1197151
TI  - Monitoring the fetoplacental unit. The placenta.

PMID- 1197152
TI  - Lactation and the physiology of prolactin secretion.

PMID- 1197153
TI  - Hirsutism.

PMID- 1197154
TI  - Excavating pulmonary metastases in carcinoma of the cervix.

PMID- 1197155
TI  - Self-induced colitis.

PMID- 1197156
TI  - Water intoxication associated with oxytocin infusion.

PMID- 1197157
TI  - Malignant gonadal tumour formation in intersexual states.

PMID- 1197158
TI  - An unusual case of spontaneous bacterial myositis.

PMID- 1197159
TI  - A case of sarcoidosis in a Chinese woman.

PMID- 1197160
TI  - Behcet's disease and the alimentary tract.

PMID- 1197161
TI  - Endemic cretinism--a continuous personal educational experience during 10 years.

PMID- 1197162
TI  - The case of the illegitimate gene.

PMID- 1197163
TI  - Severe guillain-barre syndrome following urethritis with cardiovascular and
      ophthalmic involvement.

PMID- 1197164
TI  - Spirillum endocarditis.

PMID- 1197165
TI  - Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with fallot's tetralogy--a case report.

PMID- 1197166
TI  - Surgical emphysema, bilateral pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and
      pneumoperitoneum complicating intubation for anaesthesia.

PMID- 1197167
TI  - Norwegian scabies following topical steroid therapy.

PMID- 1197168
TI  - Cryptococcal meningitis in steroid-treated systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1197169
TI  - Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in pneumonia.

PMID- 1197170
TI  - Transient hypothyroidism after withdrawal of thyroxin therapy.

PMID- 1197171
TI  - Pancreatitis, multiple infarcts and oral contraception.

PMID- 1197172
TI  - Sarcoidosis presenting with multiple tattoo granulomata.

PMID- 1197173
TI  - Familial dwarfism: case report.

PMID- 1197174
TI  - Agreement and disagreement between pathologists in histological diagnosis.

PMID- 1197175
TI  - Objectivity in the classification of tumours of the nasal epithelium.

PMID- 1197176
TI  - Objectivity and quantification in lung disease.

PMID- 1197177
TI  - Cell counting in the human brain: traditional and electronic methods.

PMID- 1197178
TI  - Fetal maturity and morbidity as related to placental weight and secondary
      ossification.

PMID- 1197179
TI  - The phonocardiogram in a partially detached mitral (Starr-Edwards) prosthesis.

PMID- 1197180
TI  - Peripheral gangrene in polycythaemia vera.

PMID- 1197181
TI  - Ruptured popliteal cyst stimulating deep vein thrombosis with false positive
      radiofibrinogen uptake.

PMID- 1197182
TI  - Ketotic hypoglycaemia of childhood.

PMID- 1197183
TI  - Maternal factors in the aetiology of neonatal hypocalcaemia.

PMID- 1197184
TI  - The role of parathyroid hormone in the aetiology of neonatal hypocalcaemia.

PMID- 1197185
TI  - Protein intake, osmolality homoeostasis and renal function in infancy.

PMID- 1197186
TI  - Obesity in infancy.

PMID- 1197187
TI  - The dietary aetiology of accelerated growth in infancy.

PMID- 1197188
TI  - Neonatal hypocalcaemia.

PMID- 1197189
TI  - Beclomethasone dipropionate--its effect on airways resistance in children with
      severe asthma.

PMID- 1197190
TI  - Further experiences with beclomethasone dipropionate.

PMID- 1197191
TI  - Metabolism of beclomethasone dipropionate by animals and man.

PMID- 1197192
TI  - A toxicity study with beclomethasone dipropionate in the dog with particular
      reference to the respiratory tract.

PMID- 1197193
TI  - Clinical trial of beclomethasone dipropionate in Filipino asthmatics.

PMID- 1197194
TI  - Oropharyngeal thrush and beclomethasone dipropionate.

PMID- 1197195
TI  - Experience with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in treatment of chronic
      asthma.

PMID- 1197196
TI  - Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol: a substitute for systemic corticosteroid
      treatment in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 1197197
TI  - The effects of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol given in high doses to
      patients with asthma.

PMID- 1197198
TI  - The long-term evaluation of beclomethasone dipropionate in childhood asthma.

PMID- 1197199
TI  - Treatment of childhood asthma with a local steroid in aerosol form.

PMID- 1197200
TI  - Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis--treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate.

PMID- 1197201
TI  - Pharmacology of bumetanide.

PMID- 1197202
TI  - Reports of adverse reactions with bumetanide.

PMID- 1197203
TI  - Comparison of intravenous bumetanide and frusemide during open heart surgery.

PMID- 1197204
TI  - The actions of bumetanide on the response of rat arterioles to noradrenaline and
      prolactin.

PMID- 1197205
TI  - Structure-activity relationships of sulphamoyl diuretics.

PMID- 1197207
TI  - [An ergometric study of lung function in silicosis and silicotuberculosis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197206
TI  - [Pre-operative morphological diagnosis of small lung tumours (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197208
TI  - [Intralobar sequestration, bronchogenic cysts and accessory lungs (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197209
TI  - [Clinical features and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197210
TI  - [Reorganization of anti-tuberculosis work in the German Federal Republic
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197211
TI  - [Combined therapy with the child and his related persons].

PMID- 1197212
TI  - [Autogenic training--its use in child guidance counseling and psychotherapy of
      children and adolescents].

PMID- 1197213
TI  - [Psychoanalytically oriented family therapy based on the duplication theorem].

PMID- 1197214
TI  - [Emotional conditions and behavior disorders in 10-year schoolchildren (results
      of a social medicine study, II)].

PMID- 1197215
TI  - [Problems of motor assessment in the preschool age].

PMID- 1197216
TI  - [Activity of nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase in Berezovsky-Sternberg
      giant cells in patients with lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1197217
TI  - [Clinico-radiographic analysis of the state of the spine in patients with
      lymphogranulomatosis and in patients with multiple myeloma].

PMID- 1197218
TI  - [Immunoelectrophoretic types of IgG-paraproteinemia].

PMID- 1197219
TI  - [Pulmonary-alveolar paraproteinosis in patients with multiple myeloma].

PMID- 1197220
TI  - [Localization of serotonin in human thrombocytes].

PMID- 1197221
TI  - [Erosion of the portal vein with hemorrhage into the duodenum and ulcer of the
      anterior thoracic wall penetrating to the pericardium in a patient with
      lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1197222
TI  - [Cases of lymphogranulomatosis with unusual localization of the pathological
      process].

PMID- 1197223
TI  - [2 cases of acute leukemia with high eosinophilia of the bone marrow].

PMID- 1197224
TI  - [Case of chronic lympholeukemia with myelofibrosis].

PMID- 1197225
TI  - [Diagnosis of reactive nonspecific polyadenitis].

PMID- 1197226
TI  - [Incidence of blood groups of the MNSs system].

PMID- 1197227
TI  - [Immunogenetic aspects in the study of granulocyte antigens].

PMID- 1197228
TI  - [Certain properties of serologically active protease of Actinomyces rimosus].

PMID- 1197229
TI  - [Imporatance of the system of antigens of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the
      sensitization of recipients in blood transfusion].

PMID- 1197230
TI  - [Blood phenotype Tj and its relationship with the P blood group system
      (literature survey and personal data)].

PMID- 1197231
TI  - [Quantitative determination of the effect of antineoplastic agents].

PMID- 1197232
TI  - [Effect of the factor of inhibition of mitotic activity of cells on the
      hemtopoiesis in leukemia].

PMID- 1197233
TI  - [Acetylcholinesterase of human erythrocytes (literature survey)].

PMID- 1197234
TI  - [Preliminary analysis and evaluation of certain indicators of the HBAg carrier
      state among blood donors].

PMID- 1197235
TI  - [Australia-antigen carrier state in blood donors].

PMID- 1197236
TI  - [Relationship between immunoglobulins M and G in mixed form of cold agglutinins
      in 2 patients with idiopathic cold agglutinin disease].

PMID- 1197237
TI  - [Our experience with obtaining antilymphocyte serums for histocompatibility
      testing].

PMID- 1197238
TI  - [Comparative study of conglutinating properties of Soviet-made dextran of
      different molecular weight].

PMID- 1197239
TI  - [Role of blood transfusion center in the provision of blood transfusion therapy].

PMID- 1197240
TI  - [Recommendations of the International Commission for Low-Temperature
      Terminology].

PMID- 1197241
TI  - [Analysis of antileulcocyte sera of women with repeated pregnancy (the use of
      tissue typing of lymphocytes of married couples)].

PMID- 1197242
TI  - Removal by dialysis of methylguanidine from body fluids.
AB  - The dialysis clearance of methylguanidine (MG) was found to be lower 'in vivo'
      than 'in vitro' and to decrease during a haemodialysis. Its protein binding,
      which rises as the plasma pH rises during haemodialysis, accounts for its
      dialysis behaviour. The low dialysis clearance of MG 'in vivo' explains why the
      post dialysis percentage decrease in its plasma levels is lower than that of urea
      (U) and of creatinine (CR). The slow transfer of MG from tissue during dialysis,
      shown by direct measurements on plasma and muscle tissue of anuric dogs, accounts
      for its high plasma rebound level after haemodialysis. Rebounds after peritoneal
      dialysis were lower and the plasma MG levels 12 hr after the termination of the
      two dialysis procedures were not different. The dialytic behaviour of MG is
      different from that of U and of CR which have similar molecular weights and the
      conclusions drawn from the behaviour of the latter two metabolites cannot be
      applied to MG. On the contrary, the removal of MG from body fluids of uraemic
      patients by dialysis is equal with peritoneal dialysis and with the various
      haemodialysis schedules that ensure good clinical results, while leaving plasma U
      and CR concentrations in a high range.

PMID- 1197243
TI  - Short dialysis schedules (SDS)--finally ready to become routine?
AB  - One hundred and one patients were treated for up to two years for three hours
      every other day (10.5 hr/week), or four hours thrice-weekly with conventional
      disposable 1m2 dialysers have been investigated. Rigorous control of water
      balance and the maintenance of predialysis serum K and PO4 within normal limits
      were the main criteria for judging the adequacy of the treatment. The results
      regarding blood pressure, phosphate problems, haematocrit, peripheral nerve
      status, pericarditis and range of rehabilitation are discussed.

PMID- 1197244
TI  - Clinical evaluation of patients dialysed with double Gambro 4 hours, three times
      per week.
AB  - To reduce the hours and cost of each dialysis and/or to increase adequacy of
      haemodialysis treatment 14 chronic dialysis patients were dialysed with two
      Gambro dialysers, 4 hr for 3 days per week. General well-being, anaemia, and
      nerve conduction velocity improved in some patients during the study period.
      Increasing dialysis surface area by using two Gambro dialysers enabled reduction
      of hours of dialysis, which was favourably accepted by all patients and decreased
      cost of dialysis, mainly by increasing the capacity of a unit to dialyse more
      patients with the same personnel and equipment.

PMID- 1197245
TI  - Clinical experience with long-term brief, 'daily' haemodialysis.

PMID- 1197246
TI  - A mathematical single-pool model for short time haemodialysis.
AB  - The objective was to reduce treatment time while the average concentration of all
      molecular sizes was maintained equal to that in a standard treatment. A nomogram
      based on the one-pool patient-dialyser system has been devised. The patient
      variables are presented in dimensionless forms, thus making on diagram suffice
      for all patients and all molecular sizes. Seven patients were first observed
      during a standard programme and later during an individually calculated short
      time programme. The clinical parameters indicated equal treatment. The method was
      practical enough for clinical use.

PMID- 1197247
TI  - Short time personalised dialysis: good results in spite of high levels of small
      and middle molecules.
AB  - After almost two years of experience with 43 patients we believe that a short (3
      X 4, 3 X 3 hr/week) personalised dialysis is a safe treatment that allows a high
      survival rate and a good rehabilitation of patients. Pre-dialysis levels of small
      and middle molecules, the latter only calculated, did not correlate with 5
      typical uraemic parameters. Some patients, who formerly experienced standard
      dialysis, are now equally well or better, without evidence of increasing
      toxicity, in spite of their higher pre-dialysis levels of small and especially of
      middle molecules.

PMID- 1197248
TI  - Short time dialysis with 2 m2 hollow fibre kidney.

PMID- 1197249
TI  - An up-to-date appraisal of single needle dialysis (SND).

PMID- 1197250
TI  - Regeneration of dialysis fluid.

PMID- 1197251
TI  - Ten-litre dialysate supply system with adsorbents.

PMID- 1197252
TI  - Automatic machine for dialysers re-use.

PMID- 1197253
TI  - Basic distribution of uraemic changes and their possible prevention by dialysis.

PMID- 1197254
TI  - Audiometry in chronic renal failure before and after intermittent haemodialysis.
AB  - In seven cases, audiometric studies were carried out immediately before and after
      haemodialysis. Hearing was found to be affected in all cases, and the impairment
      was particularly significant in higher frequency ranges. Following haemodialysis
      an average improvement of 20 dB was found for the highest frequencies, and in
      most cases a narrowing of the bone-air gap was also observed. As the improvement
      was reflected mainly in serum osmolality, BUN and fluid retention in the post
      dialysis stage, it was thought that the mechanism reversing the hearing
      impairment might be due to these parameters.

PMID- 1197255
TI  - Microampere electrocution during haemodialysis -- an unrecognised cause of sudden
      death.
AB  - A case of electrocution during haemodialysis is reported. Danger of microampere
      electrocution via artificial kidneys is emphasized. Prophylactic measures are
      recommended.

PMID- 1197256
TI  - Investigations on clinico-chemical correlations in uraemic polyneuritis.

PMID- 1197257
TI  - Propranolol treatment of resistant arterial hypertension in patients on chronic
      dialysis.

PMID- 1197258
TI  - Severe hypertension in chronic renal failure treated successfully with Minoxidil.
AB  - In fifteen patients with severe hypertension, eight of whom had end-stage kidney
      disease, blood pressure could not be adequately controlled with conventional oral
      antihypertensive drugs. Minoxidil, an orally administered drug which lowers blood
      pressure by reducing total peripheral resistance, produced a substantial
      reduction in blood pressure in all patients who were treated, including patients
      who prior to its availiability would have been considered for bilateral
      nephrectomy.

PMID- 1197259
TI  - An attempt to prevent hepatitis B in a haemodialysis unit's team utilisation of
      specific immunoglobulins.
AB  - From November, 1972 to November, 1974 the members of the team of a haemodialysis
      unit were systematically given Australia antigen immunoglobulin protection. Only
      one case of hepatitis occurred among the 53 members treated. The value of the
      antibody is discussed.

PMID- 1197260
TI  - Effect of haemodialysis on immune response.
AB  - Uraemia depresses immune response by altering cellular reactivity to mitogenic
      and antigenic stimulation. One might expect that amelioration of uraemia by
      dialysis would improve immune responses. We have investigated the effect of
      haemodialysis on in-vitro parameters of cellular immunity. Our data suggest that
      haemodialysis leads to loss of a factor or factors from both uraemic and normal
      plasma essential for DNA synthesis. Our data do not suggest that measurements of
      celluar immunity are useful in monitoring adequacy of haemodialysis in chronic
      uraemic patients.

PMID- 1197261
TI  - Dialysis time and the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids.
AB  - The present paper reports some aspects of glycolipid metabolism observed during
      and after dialysis of varying duration, and the effects of glucose content in
      dialysis fluid. Some substances used in dialysis interfere with glycolipid
      metabolism: heparin (Robinson and French, 1960; Wolff and Wolff, 1960); sodium
      acetate (Bloch, 1947; Ghosal et al, 1969; Mion et al, 1964); and glucose in high
      (Leonards et al, 1961; Mendelssonhn et al, 1967) or low concentrations (Drukker
      et al, 1964; Hagstam et al, 1969) or, more recently, completely eliminated
      (Alwall et al, 1970; Hubner et al, 1971).

PMID- 1197262
TI  - Porphobilinogen and porphyrin synthesis in reticulocytes from uraemic patients.
AB  - Since no information exists concerning porphyrin metabolism in uraemic patients
      we have measured the activities of delta-aminolaevulinic acid dehydrase (D-ALA-D)
      and porphobilinogen desaminase (PBG-D) in reticulocytes from uraemic patients,
      anaemic patients without uraemia and in healthy subjects. Despite a severe
      anaemia uraemic patients had the same amount of reticulocytes/mul blood. In
      uraemic patients D-ALA-D activity was reduced to about 20% compared to healthy
      subjects, PBG-D in uraemia was decreased to about 70%. It is concluded that
      porphyrin metabolism is altered in uraemic patients.

PMID- 1197263
TI  - Histidine and iron supplementation in dialysis and pre-dialysis patients.
AB  - Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients treated with histidine alone did not show
      any effect with respect to anaemia or protein metabolism, despite a rise in serum
      histidine levels. Beneficial effect of iron with regards to anaemia and protein
      metabolism was seen in CRF patients treated with iron alone or in combination
      with histidine. Patients with combination therapy showed accelerated improvement
      of anaemia in comparison with patients treated with iron alone. In RDT patients,
      who underwent basic treatment with parenteral iron, histidine failed to show any
      effect with regards to anaemia, despite significantly lowered serum histidine
      levels. But under histidine treatment a significant rise of transferrin levels
      occurred in RDT patients, so that histidine must be considered as a limiting
      factor in protein metabolism in these cases. Histidine requirements of RDT
      patients are more than 1-2 g/day, and are higher than the requirements of
      patients conservatively treated.

PMID- 1197264
TI  - Effect of erythropoietin in normal men and in patients with renal insufficiency.

PMID- 1197265
TI  - Delayed excretion of conjugated sulphamethoxazole in uraemia.
AB  - Persistence in the serum of free and conjugated sulphamethoxazole was estimated
      in five normal controls and in nine uraemic patients with creatinine clearances
      under 20 ml/min, after a single one-gram dose of the drug. In the uraemic group
      delayed disappearance of the free drug was found. Conjugated sulphamethoxazole
      retention was 62.44% at 24 hr after the oral load, and 13.7% 19 days later. Risk
      of accumulation of sulphamethoxazole in uraemia is emphasised. Re-evaluation of
      the use of this drug in patients with impaired renal function is recommended.

PMID- 1197266
TI  - Adaptations in metabolic acidosis: a reinterpretation.
AB  - Hydrochloric-acid induced acidosis reduced urea excretion in the rat, with an
      equimolar increase in NH+4 excreation and no change in their sum. By contrast, in
      the guinea pig, where ammonium excretion is small, HC1 administration did not
      effect urea excretion. Ammonium administered as NH4HCO3 was excreted mainly in
      the form of urinary urea, whereas that administered as NH4C1 was mainly in the
      form of ammonium. Methionine sulphoximine did not impair the increased ammonium
      excretion induced by acidosis, but did lead to a marked decrease in plasma
      glutamine levels and an overall increase in total urinary urea and ammonium
      nitrogen excretion. A reinterpretation of some aspects of the adaptations to
      metabolic acidosis is made based on these findings.

PMID- 1197267
TI  - Inhibition of DNA synthesis by guanidine compounds in uraemia.

PMID- 1197268
TI  - Alteration of hepatic acetylation in uraemia.
AB  - The rate of acetylation of sulphadimidine was estimated in 25 normals and in two
      groups of patients on intermittent haemodialysis. Group A consisted of nine
      patients who were about to commence or had already been on dialysis for less than
      one year. Group B consisted of eight patients dialysed for one to six years.
      There was a highly significant increase in the incidence of fast acetylators in
      group A (p less than 0.001) compared with a normal population. There is an
      alteration of hepatic acetylation in chronic uraemia. This trend appears to be
      reversed by prolonged intermittent dialysis. Alteration of hepatic metabolism may
      indicate an important compensatory role for the liver in uraemia.

PMID- 1197269
TI  - Skeletal lesions and calcium metabolism in early renal failure.

PMID- 1197270
TI  - Parathyroid hormone (PTH) metabolism in chronic renal disease (CRD).

PMID- 1197271
TI  - Parathyroid suppressibility in renal osteodystrophy.

PMID- 1197272
TI  - The investigation and treatment of renal osteodystrophy.
AB  - Skeletal demineralisation was measured for two years in 16 patients on
      maintenance haemodialysis; the technique employed was neutron activation analysis
      of a hand. The magnesium concentration of the dialysate was increased in six of
      the patients; oral calcium carbonate was administered to seven patients and 1
      alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol, a potent vitamin-D analogue was supplied to a
      further three patients. An increase in skeletal calcium content of a hand was
      noted in the groups of patients receiving supplementary calcium and 1-alpha
      hydroxycholecalciferol. It is concluded that 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol
      appears to be effective therapy for renal osteodystropy, that oral calcium
      supplements may promote skeletal remineralisation and that supplementary
      magnesium therapy may reduce the progressive losses of skeletal calcium from some
      patients on maintenance haemodialysis.

PMID- 1197273
TI  - Reversible acute anuric lupus nephritis.
AB  - Six cases of acute anuric lupus nephritis are described; renal biopsy showed
      intracapillary proliferation, epithelial crescents in some glomeruli, wire loops,
      and intracapillary thrombi. In two patients there were thrombotic occlusions and
      fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles. The patients were treated by heparin at
      anticoagulant doses, corticosteroids and dialysis (four). All patients showed
      improvement of renal function. One died following a gastric haemorrhage - the
      others were alive and well 64, 61, 40, 40 and 22 months from the onset of renal
      failure. One patient had a second episode of acute renal failure after 39 months
      and improved after resumption of heparin and high doses of steroids. It is
      suggested that heparin and high doses of corticosteroids may be a successful
      treatment in acute anuric lupus nephritis.

PMID- 1197274
TI  - Immunoglobulin and complement deposits in lupus glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1197275
TI  - The significance of extracapillary proliferation.
AB  - Renal biopsy and clinical data from 60 patients with crescent formation were
      correlated. Nephropathy was related to infection (15 cases), malignancy (four)
      and trichlorethylene exposure (two). Four cases had extrarenal signs. Isolated
      proteinuria was found 0.5-20 yr before biopsy in 16. Only 17 patients had rapidly
      progressive glomerulonephritis on clinical criteria. Nineteen patients (35%) are
      alive with functioning kidneys. Outcome was significantly related to percentage
      crescentic involvement (p less than 0.02) and oliguria (p less than 0.05) and
      renal function (p less than 0.01) at presentation. Preceding infection was a
      favourable sign. Extracapilly glomerulonephritis is not a single entity.

PMID- 1197276
TI  - Dialysis--petrified or progressive.

PMID- 1197277
TI  - Review of ten years' home dialysis.

PMID- 1197278
TI  - Classification of glomerulonephropathies.

PMID- 1197279
TI  - A metallurgic and bacteriological study of disposable injection needles in dental
      and oral surgery practice.

PMID- 1197280
TI  - Maxillo-facial fractures caused by assault and battery. Victims and their
      injuries.

PMID- 1197281
TI  - Unilateral hyperplasia of the mandibular coronoid process. Case report.

PMID- 1197282
TI  - A submerged permanent first molar case report.

PMID- 1197283
TI  - Letter: A practical modification of the devices for measuring tooth mobility by
      spring forces.

PMID- 1197284
TI  - [Letter: The influence of the loss of deciduous maxillary molars and approximal
      caries on the length of the dental arch].

PMID- 1197285
TI  - Etiological variables in oral clefts.

PMID- 1197286
TI  - A dental health survey in a Finnish urban population.

PMID- 1197287
TI  - Dental caries prevalence in the Rapakivi granite and olivine diabase areas of
      Laitila, Finland.

PMID- 1197288
TI  - Zoogeographical and ecological determinants of collembolan distribution.

PMID- 1197289
TI  - The effect of temperature on size and structure. II. The body musculature of
      Cyclops agilis (Koch, Sars).

PMID- 1197290
TI  - Observations on the distribution of the freshwater leeches (Hirudinea) of
      Ireland.

PMID- 1197291
TI  - Non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Irish soils.

PMID- 1197292
TI  - The biosynthesis of senecioic acid.

PMID- 1197293
TI  - Gut protein in lymphoedema investigation by the chromium chloride (51CrCl3) test
      and mesenteric lymphography. Treatment by resection.

PMID- 1197294
TI  - Management of pilonidal sinus.

PMID- 1197295
TI  - Royal Society of Medicine, Section of Proctology; Meeting 27 November 1974.
      President's Address. Anorectal incontinence.

PMID- 1197296
TI  - The price and value of information.

PMID- 1197297
TI  - Coronary care: home or hospital.

PMID- 1197298
TI  - The general practitioner and the specialist.

PMID- 1197299
TI  - Hormonal interrelations and their clinical significance. Growth hormone and
      insulin.

PMID- 1197300
TI  - Hormonal interrelations and their clinical significance. Gastrointestinal
      hormones.

PMID- 1197301
TI  - Totally corrective cardiac surgery in the first two years of life.

PMID- 1197302
TI  - Proceedings: Problems of ejection from aircraft. Restraint harness design.

PMID- 1197303
TI  - Proceedings: Problems of ejection from aircraft. Sources of ejection injury.

PMID- 1197304
TI  - Proceedings: Problems of ejection from aircraft. Spinal ejection injuries.

PMID- 1197305
TI  - Postgraduate training for medical officers in the armed forces.

PMID- 1197306
TI  - Postgraduate training for medical officers in the armed forces. Neuropsychiatry.

PMID- 1197307
TI  - Postgraduate training fo medical officers in the armed forces. Community medicine
      - a personal view.

PMID- 1197308
TI  - Rupture of a congenital aneurysm of the non-coronary sinus of valsalva into the
      left atrium.

PMID- 1197309
TI  - Meleney's synergistic gangrene following a Caesarean section.

PMID- 1197310
TI  - Anomalous insertion of common bile duct.

PMID- 1197311
TI  - Structure and function of the basal ganglia - a non-clinical view.

PMID- 1197312
TI  - Balkan Nephropathy.

PMID- 1197313
TI  - The aftermath of childbirth. Physical aspects.

PMID- 1197314
TI  - Psychological reactions to childbirth.

PMID- 1197315
TI  - The aftermath of childbirth. The paediatric aspect.

PMID- 1197316
TI  - Urethral metastasis from a presumed primary malignant melanoma presenting as
      postmenopausal bleeding.

PMID- 1197317
TI  - Genital actinomycosis.

PMID- 1197318
TI  - Cervical dysplasia in young women.

PMID- 1197319
TI  - Hypoxic drive: assessment and interpretation.

PMID- 1197320
TI  - The hypoxic drive to breathing in man, studied during exercise.

PMID- 1197321
TI  - Oxygen tests and the determination of hypoxic respiratory drive in patients with
      chronic lung disease.

PMID- 1197322
TI  - Hypercapnic drive: assessment and interpretation.

PMID- 1197323
TI  - Carbon dioxide sensitivity in chronic lung disease.

PMID- 1197324
TI  - Frequency and tidal volume: assessment and interpretation.

PMID- 1197325
TI  - Frequency and tidal volume in heart and lung disease.

PMID- 1197326
TI  - The place of EEG telemetry and closed-circuit television in diagnosis and
      management of epileptic patients.

PMID- 1197327
TI  - Pathology and pathogenesis of deep vein thrombi.

PMID- 1197328
TI  - Blood flow and prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1197329
TI  - Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism.

PMID- 1197330
TI  - Medical treatment of deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1197331
TI  - Effects of age on fibrinolytic activity and factors V, VII and VIII.

PMID- 1197332
TI  - Spinal tuberculosis (two cases).

PMID- 1197333
TI  - Renal involvement in progressive systemic sclerosis.

PMID- 1197334
TI  - Etiology of mental retardation.

PMID- 1197335
TI  - Locomotor disorders in childhood.

PMID- 1197336
TI  - The leukodystrophies.

PMID- 1197337
TI  - Effects of viruses and viral vaccines on the CNS.

PMID- 1197338
TI  - Biochemistry of mental retardation.

PMID- 1197339
TI  - Depression in adolescents.

PMID- 1197340
TI  - Problems and treatment of drug abuse in adolescence.

PMID- 1197341
TI  - The treatment of patients with locally advanced cancer of the large bowel.

PMID- 1197342
TI  - An epidermilogical survey of Crohn's disease in Northern Ireland.

PMID- 1197343
TI  - The nature and cause of haemorrhoids.

PMID- 1197344
TI  - Results of resection for diverticular disease and its complications.

PMID- 1197345
TI  - Familial arthropathy with rash, uveitis and mental retardation.

PMID- 1197346
TI  - Amoebic liver abscess presenting thirty-two years after acute amoebic dysentery.

PMID- 1197347
TI  - Rheumatoid arthritis followed by systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1197348
TI  - Dermatomyositis associated with carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 1197349
TI  - Identification by mass spectrometry of a metabolite of aflatoxin B1.

PMID- 1197350
TI  - Quantitative and automatic polarographic determination of isosorbide dinitrate in
      pharmaceutical preparations.

PMID- 1197351
TI  - [The protonation of arginine].

PMID- 1197352
TI  - Bioavailability study of a meprobamate coated by Japanese synthetic wax.

PMID- 1197353
TI  - [A technique for analysis of folic acid and p-aminobenzoylglutamic acid].

PMID- 1197354
TI  - [The stability of folic acid in solid the state as a function of temperature and
      humidity].

PMID- 1197355
TI  - The 1975 Presidential address: American Physical Therapy Association.

PMID- 1197357
TI  - Sampling in physical therapy research.
AB  - Although the importance of appropriate statistical analyses of the results of
      physical therapy research is well documented, the theory and methodology of
      sampling, the procedure by which the data of research are usually obtained, has
      received much less attention in the physical therapy literature. To help fill
      this gap, some of the basic concepts and techniques of sampling are discussed.

PMID- 1197356
TI  - Phonophoresis with 1 percent versus 10 percent hydrocortisone.
AB  - Phonophoresis, using a topical hydrocortisone preparation, is a little-used
      method of delivering concentrated antiinflammatory medication to inflamed
      subcutaneous areas. A retrospective study of 285 patients treated for a variety
      of common inflammatory conditions compared the results of treatment using a 1
      percent hydrocortisone solution preparation and a 10 percent hydrocortisone
      preparation. The results of the study demonstrated the efficacy of the treatment
      and the superiority of the 10 percent preparation. The method offers a painless
      alternative to percutaneous steroid injections in the treatment of selected
      inflammatory conditions.

PMID- 1197358
TI  - Comments on rehabilitation in Africa and America.

PMID- 1197359
TI  - Adaptive walker for child with cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1197360
TI  - Foam rubber sidelying support for children with cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1197361
TI  - World Confederation for Physical Therapy.

PMID- 1197362
TI  - Letter: Electrical acupuncture or electrical stimulation? What's in a name?

PMID- 1197363
TI  - [Statistical study of laryngeal frequency. Application to the analysis and
      synthesis of prosodic features of French].
AB  - Some precisions concerning the specification and the instruments developed for
      the measurement of laryngeal frequency F1 being stated, the authors give
      statistical results for French. In first approximation, the F1 distribution is
      gaussian for a given corpus; the standard deviation measured and given in
      percentage referring to the mean laryngeal frequency F1 is about 16% for male and
      female speakers. Ceteris partibus, the variations of F1 are relatively low for a
      given speaker from one record to an other (about +/- 1/2 tone). The means of F1
      are given for samples (gaussian) concerning adults (30 males and 30 female):
      respectively 118 and 207 Hz with standard deviation sigma (F1) of 18 and 20 Hz.
      The ratio tau 1 of the voiced duration to the total duration of the corpus,
      dependant on the sex: 0.50 for men and 0.63 for women (the difference is
      significant at the 0.001 level) allows the specification of the speaking rate.
      When the speaking rate increases, the length of pauses decreases. These results
      can be used for an estimation of the precision of the statistical measurement of
      F1 and sigma (F1), in relation to the number of periods N. To N appears a total
      duration of the corpus determined by tau 1. A comparison is made between the
      results of the calculation and the measurement. The F1 specification can be used
      for determination of the vocal source of synthesizer to improve naturalness of
      synthetic sounds and for analysis and synthesis of prosodic features using the
      results of two previous papers which have allowed to specify the position of
      level 1, 2 and 4 and to show the differences in the perceptual importance of the
      variations introduced in connection with the three levels.

PMID- 1197364
TI  - [Specific duration and specific tongue height of vowels].
AB  - The hypothesis that intrinsic duration of vowels correlated with tongue height is
      dependent on the extent of the articulatory movements is refuted. If one chooses
      vowels in a consonantal environment which allow far-reaching co-articulation
      (vowels between bilabial consonants), the phenomenon of intrinsic duration still
      remains. The same is valid for whispered vowels. The phenomenon of intrinsic
      pitch is confirmed. The author establishes the hypothesis that intrinsic duration
      and intrinsic pitch of vowels are a matter of compensation conditioned by
      different resonance factors of the vocal tract when high and low vowels are
      produced.

PMID- 1197365
TI  - Tongue musculature and the feature of tension in English vowels.
AB  - Electromyographic techniques were employed to discover which, if any, intrinsic
      and extrinsic tongue muscles displayed a difference in overall amount of activity
      corresponding to the traditional tense-lax distinction between members of the
      English vowel pairs /i-I/, /e-epsilon/, and /u-u/. Although some muscles revealed
      a consistent difference, most did not. Even for those muscles where a tense-lax
      difference was found, the data do not support the notion that tension was a
      necessary of sufficient differentia of production.

PMID- 1197366
TI  - Velopharyngeal opening in the formation of voiced stops in Sindhi.
AB  - It was proprioceptively felt that voiced and aspirated voiced stops in Sindhi are
      characterized by a slight nasalization. Nasal airflow during the production of
      voiced stops was therefore measured with a Froikaer-Jensen Electro-Aerometer.
      Results suggest that there is an imcomplete velopharyngeal closure which helps to
      absorb the transglottal airflow and thus prevents the rise in the supraglottal
      pressure. For the affricated palatal stops of Sindhi, the vocal fold vibrations
      were, however, maintained by expanding the walls of the supraglottal cavities.

PMID- 1197367
TI  - Experimental approach to the study of vowel perception in German.
AB  - An experimental phonetic investigation is described whose goal it was to develop
      a test which could be used to establish norms in the perception of vowels by
      native speakers of German. Particular emphasis is placed upon the design of the
      experiment. The test procedure and the results are discussed.

PMID- 1197368
TI  - Tongue-lip pressures during speech of Australian aborigines.
AB  - Electronic instruments to measure tongue and lip pressures and pressure patterns
      in Australian aborigines made it possible to differentiate physiologically
      between certain sounds. Lingual pressure patterns indicate that the /t/, /nt/ and
      /tj/ sounds in the Walbiri language require different articulatory gestures and
      are properly considered separate phonemes. Labial pressures distinguish classes
      of phonemes but not individual sounds. Tongue positioning within the oral cavity
      of aborigines reveals compensations for their different anatomy, but articulatory
      gestures are remarkably similar in aborigines and Americans.

PMID- 1197369
TI  - The features of the larynx: N-ary or binary?
AB  - Multivalued features have generally not been permitted on the classificatory
      level of representation by generative phonologists. It is found necessary,
      however, to posit a multivalued scalar feature "glottal width" on the
      classificatory level of representation in order to provide a satisfactory
      explanation of the diachronic tone splits conditioned by the phonation type of
      the syllable-initial consonants among the languages and dialects of the Tai
      language family in Southeast Asia. The feature "glottal width" consists of a
      lineraly ordered set of terms along a single physical continuum that extends from
      the widest open position of the glottis to the fully closed position (i.e.
      glottal stop). Other proposed sets of laryngeal features are tested against this
      evidence and found to be inadequate. A binary feature "vibrating" is also
      proposed within this theoretical framework.

PMID- 1197370
TI  - Variation in lingual coarticulation at certain juncture boundaries.
AB  - The acoustic spectra of [m] produced by speakers of American English in various
      [mV] contexts was studied for coarticulatory variations caused by the [vowel]
      under conditions of varying juncture boundaries occurring between [m] and
      [vowel]. Dispersion analysis was used to estimate the coarticulatory variation in
      [m] spectra. Low level junctures marked by short pauses do not disrupt nasal
      vowel coarticulation. However, higher leveljunctures such as between extraposed
      clauses or phrases and the body of an utterance are more often than not marked
      with long pauses, and concomitant reduction of nasal-vowel coarticulation.

PMID- 1197371
TI  - [Neutralization of English stress differences in the intonation contour].
AB  - PILCH'S analysis of the English intonation contour implies that the difference
      between the primary and secondary stresses exists only in the contour nucleus,
      but is inaudible elsewhere. This hypothesis has been checked and confirmed both
      by auditory and acoustic analysis and by the test responses of native speakers.
      The parameters by which primary and secondary stresses are heard as different are
      length and pitch change. The pitch difference disappears outside the contour
      nucleus, and the length relations may be reversed causing wrong identifications
      by the listeners.

PMID- 1197372
TI  - On the photochemistry of x-ray produced radicals trapped in frozen ethanol
      matrices.

PMID- 1197373
TI  - A linear dichroism study using chloroplasts of various structure and pigment
      composition.

PMID- 1197374
TI  - Photoproduction of ions from chlorophyll a in solution studied by flash
      photolysis and photoconductivity.

PMID- 1197375
TI  - Flavin as an active component of the photoreversible pigment system of the green
      alga Protosiphon botyroides Klebs.

PMID- 1197376
TI  - Studies on hook-opening in Phaseolus vulgaris L. by selective R/FR pretreatments
      of embryonic axis and primary leaves.

PMID- 1197377
TI  - Synergistic killing effect in pre-UV-irradiated Micrococcus radiophilus.

PMID- 1197378
TI  - Protection by AET against inactivation of transforming DNA by near-ultraviolet
      light: action spectrum.

PMID- 1197379
TI  - Quenching of singlet excitations by triplet excitation.

PMID- 1197380
TI  - Vibrationally resolved low temperature fluorescence spectra of porphin and
      chlorophylls a and b in organic glass matrices.

PMID- 1197381
TI  - The effect of 9-ethyladenine on the photodimerization of 1-cyclohexylthymine.

PMID- 1197382
TI  - Effects of several unusual sulfur-containing amino acids on rat liver
      cystathionine-gamma-lyase.
AB  - 1. The mode of inhibition of rat liver cystathionine-gamma-lyase [L-cystathionine
      cysteine-lyase (deaminating), EC 4.4.1.1] was studied by using several unusual
      sulfur-containing amino acids newly found in this laboratory. Some cysteine
      conjugates (CMC, Beta-CEC, HCETC and HCPC) inhibited noncompetitively both
      homoserine dehydratase and diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase activities, and
      competitively gamma-cystathionase activity. CMTC exhibited a mixed type
      inhibition on both homoserine dehydratase and gamma-cystathionase activities, and
      a noncompetitive inhibition on the diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase activity. Some
      homocysteine conjugates (CMHC, beta-CEHC and HCEHC) inhibited competitively both
      the activity of homoserine dehydratase and of gamma-cystathionase, and exhibited
      a mixed type inhibition on the diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase activity. beta
      CEC, CMHC and beta-CEHC were also effective inhibitors to cysteine desulfhydrase
      activity. 2. Among the other amino acids tested, DL-homocysteine and D-cysteine,
      irrespective of their concentration, exhibited a mixed type inhibition on the
      homoserine dehydratase activity. However, they promoted gamma-cystathionase
      activity at their lower concentrations and inhibited at their higher
      concentrations, more so than cystathionine. DL-alpha-Aminobutyric acid was a weak
      competitive inhibitor of the homoserine dehydratase, gamma-cystathionase and
      diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase activities. DL-alpha-Aminopimeric acid has the
      same chain length as beta-CEC, CMHC and CMTC, but it showed a very weak
      inhibitory effect compared with the latter sulfur-containing compounds. L
      Methionine, DL-methionine sulfoxide, L-ethionine, L-cysteic acid, L-aspartic
      acid, L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, D-alanine, beta-alanine, L
      ornithine and L-lysine had little or no effect on any activities of the enzyme
      preparation. These results were discussed in relation to the catalytic center of
      cystathionine-gamma-lyase.

PMID- 1197383
TI  - The mechanism for the exclusion of sugars from the water in a model of the
      liveing cell: the ion-exchange resin: pore size or water structure?
AB  - The equilibrium distribution coefficients (p-value) of D-arabinose between the
      water in sulfonate ion-exchange resin and the external aqueous solution vary with
      the nature of the five alkali metal counterions studied. The strongest exclusion
      (lowest p-value) is found in the Li+ resin and the least exclusion (highest p
      value) in the Cs+ resin. The p-value decreases with the increasing atomic weights
      for the alkali-metal ions: pCs+ greater than or equal to pRb+ greater than or
      equal to pRb+ greater than or equal to pK+ greater than pNa+ greater than pLi+.
      The water contents of these resins, on the other hand, vary in the opposite
      direction, being highest for the Li+ resin and lowest for the Cs+ resin. These
      data disprove the pore size theory but fully substantiate the predictions of the
      association-induction hypothesis.

PMID- 1197384
TI  - Kinetics and thermodynamics of the slow hydrophobic deactivation of alpha
      chymotrypsin.
AB  - A quantitative model for the slow reversible hydrophobic deactivation of alpha
      chymotrypsin (alpha-CT) is proposed. Kinetic results are obtained for (1) the
      situation in which the inhibitor concentration, although remaining constant
      during the course of a run, can be varied independently of the concentration of
      nonself-inhibiting substrate, and for (2) the situation in which the self
      inhibiting substrate concentration decreases during the course of a run, and
      independent variation of inhibitor and substrate concentrations is not possible.
      Excellent quantitative agreement between theory and experiment is obtained for a
      wide range of conditions using 3-(n-hexanoyl-O-benzoate (with dodecylsulfate as
      the inhibitor), and 3-(n-decanoyl)-O-benzoate as the self-inhibiting substrate.
      Activation enthalpies and entropies for the hydrophobic deactivation of alpha-CT
      by dodecylsulfate and tetradecyltrimethylammonium are determined. For comparison,
      activation enthalpies and entropies for the alpha-CT hydrolysis of 3-(n
      heptanoyl)-O-benzoate are determined; evidence for a thermally induced
      conformational transition in alpha-CT at 30 degrees C is obtained.

PMID- 1197385
TI  - The effect of the presence of the metal prosthetic groups on the subunit
      structure of bovine superoxide dismutase in sodium dodecyl sulfate.
AB  - Dissociation into protomers of bovine superoxide dismutase by sodium dodecyl
      sulfate (SDS) depends on the metal prosthetic group and incubation time in the
      presence of detergent. The holoenzyme containing either copper and zinc or copper
      and cobalt is not dissociated. The fully metal-free apoenzyme is dissociated into
      protomers after short preincubation in SDS. The copper-free enzyme, still
      containing zinc or cobalt, is dissociated to a significant extent only after 24
      hours preincubation in SDS. This effect is associated with a gradual alteration
      of the native zinc site, as followed by optical spectra of the homologous cobalt
      enzyme. Removal of SDS results in significant reassociation of protomers which is
      apparently independent of the presence of metals.

PMID- 1197386
TI  - The metabolism and accumulation of petroleum components in fish: the side chain
      oxidation of p-nitrotoluene and p-nitrobenzyl alcohol in liver homogenates of the
      rat and eel.

PMID- 1197387
TI  - Pargyline-induced myopathy in rats and vitamin B6.

PMID- 1197388
TI  - Twentieth Bowditch lecture. From Aristotle to modern computers. The role of
      theories in biological research.

PMID- 1197389
TI  - X-ray induced behavioral reactions and detection mechanisms in the shrimp.
AB  - Red Ghost Shrimp, Callianassa californiensis, were shown from behavioral and
      electrophysiological studies to respond to ionizing radiation. When exposed to X
      rays at 52 R/sec, the majority of intact animals could detect and avoid further
      irradiation by escaping into a shielded section of the test chamber. Animals
      continued to display escape responses after removal of eyestalks and antennae.
      Significant avoidance activity also occurred with partial-body exposure and
      indicated the existence of a radiation-sensitive receptor on the abdomen.
      Electroretinograms elecited by beta- and X-radiation sources corresponded closely
      with the waveforms produced by visible light stimulation. Electroantennograms
      were recorded from isolated antennules following stimulation with glutamic acid,
      beta-, and X-radiation. Biphasic on-off phases were recorded with an intermediate
      phase present during the longer duration exposures. Similarly, bioelectrical
      potentials were recorded from swimmeret preparations with exposure to beta- and X
      radiation. The electrophysiological evidence indicates that the eye, antennules,
      and possibly chemoreceptors on the abdominal segments serve as routes for
      detection of ionizing radiations.

PMID- 1197390
TI  - Graded levels of hemorrhage, thirst and angiotensin II in the rat.
AB  - Hemorrhage was evaluated as a stimulus to drink in rats prepared with chronically
      implanted jugular cannulae and bled either 20, 30, 40 or 50 percent of their
      total blood volume. Hourly observations of water intake for 5 hr after hemorrhage
      revealed that the volume drunk was proportional to the degree of hemorrhage.
      Drinking induced by 20 percent hemorrhage did not differ significantly from
      control values, and intake was greatest and most persistent after 50 percent
      blood loss. The onset of maximal drinking at 1 hr after 40 percent hemorrhage was
      preceded by a twofold increase in plasma concentrations of angiotensin II. This
      is compatible with previous suggestions that angiotensin plays a role in
      hypovolemic thirst.

PMID- 1197391
TI  - Ability of the pig to distinguish between conspecific urine samples using
      olfaction.
AB  - In two female pigs it has been shown using operant conditioning techniques in
      which the animals pushed panels with their snouts in order to obtain food, that
      they could distinguish between the oder from urine samples taken from other pigs.
      In the discrimination task, the pigs faced two panels and a tube adjacent to one
      of the panels emitted urine odor used as the positive discriminative stimulus
      while another tube adjacent to the other panel emitted the negative
      discriminative stimulus consisting of odor from another urine sample. Only
      presses on the panel associated with the positive stimulus were reinforced on a
      fixed ratio schedule of 6. Both positive and negative discrimination stimuli were
      presented simultaneously. After each reinforcement the position of the positive
      and negative odor stimuli was varied according to the Gellerman series. When
      fully trained, the pigs made very few responses on the incorrect panel.

PMID- 1197392
TI  - An economical operant space interface for the PDP-8 computer.
AB  - An inexpensive input/output transfer system between a PDP-8/1 Digital Equipment
      Corporation computer and two operant stations is described. An interrupt facility
      is included. Slight modification of this interface will also permit it to work
      with the newer PDP-8 series computers.

PMID- 1197393
TI  - Meal pattern correlations: facts and artifacts.
AB  - The feeding behavior of 37 albino rats was used to demonstrate that significant
      postprandial correlations could be obtained from unordered raw data when actual
      intake was used as the measure of meal size. When meal duration was used instead,
      substantially lower correlations were obtained. It was further demonstrated that
      caution must be used when correlating ratio measures of feeding behavior. If the
      ratios are not independent then significant correlations can be obtained due to
      statistical bias alone. Implications and suggestions for the analysis of meal
      patterns were discussed.

PMID- 1197394
TI  - An automated apparatus for the determination of visual thresholds in turtles.
AB  - An automated apparatus is described that permits precise and reliable
      measurements of visual thresholds in turtles using a conditioned avoidance
      technique. The entire sequence of stimulus management and the collection of
      response data are under programmed control.

PMID- 1197395
TI  - A critical evaluation of body weight loss following lateral hypothalamic lesions.
AB  - The possibility that factors in addition to motivational or psychomotor deficits
      contribute to body weight losses following lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions was
      assessed in 2 experiments. Rats with LH lesions failed to gain weight when
      compared to sham-operated controls, when equal quantities of nutrients were given
      by intragastric feeding. They also lost weight more rapidly than controls under
      total starvation conditions regardless of whether food was present or absent in
      the G1 tract prior to surgery. These results could not be explained on the basis
      of differences in urine or fecal output or activity levels. An increase in core
      temperature was found in LH lesioned rats immediately following surgery and
      throughout the experimental period. These results suggest that lateral
      hypothalamic lesions induce a metabolic impairment.

PMID- 1197396
TI  - Ability of rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions to work: effects of
      ambient temperature.
AB  - Rats with bilateral ventromedial hypothalamic lesions decreased bar pressing at
      FR 64 at high ambient temperatures. No significant decrease was noted at low
      temperatures for VMH rats. Controls evidence no response suppression at any
      temperature. Pause time for the VMH rats at high temperatures suggest a VMH
      lesion-ambient temperature interaction.

PMID- 1197397
TI  - Feeding studies in weanling rats with dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions:
      maintenance of competence to compensate for additional calories.
AB  - Weanling rats received bilateral electrolytic lesions in the dorsomedial
      hypothalamus primarily destroying the dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei (DMN). Sham
      operated rats served as controls. After a 14 day postoperative period during
      which food intake (lab chow) and body weight were recorded, each of the above
      groups were subdivided into 2 groups. One DMN group and one sham-operated control
      group were continued on lab chow alone throughout the remainder of the study. The
      other DMN group and the second control group were given additional calories in
      the form of a liquid diet by stomach tube during 2 separate periods of 10 and 14
      days, respectivly, to increase their caloric intake beyond that taken in
      spontaneously. Both tube-fed groups reduced their ad lib caloric intake from chow
      considerably and to the same extent. Body weight gains were similar in tube-fed
      versus non-tube-fed rats, whether with or without DMN lesions. After the second,
      14-day-long tube feeding period, however, DMN rats regulated their body weight
      somewhat less precisely than the controls. This may be related to their reduced
      food intake during that time period. The data indicate that weanling rats with
      DMN lesions, despite their basic hypophagia, do not show a deficit in caloric
      metering and gross body weight regulation.

PMID- 1197398
TI  - [Effects of glucose, aminoacid or lipid infusion on dietary self-selection in the
      rat].
AB  - Rats with an intracardiac chronic catheter were offered dietary self-selection
      between glucids, proteins and lipids intakes. They are infused continuously with
      0.9% NaCl except on the test day with glucose, amino acids or lipids. Parenteral
      load is about 25% of the daily total food intake. With glucose infusion a
      selective decrease in glucids intake is observed of about 80% of the caloric
      glucose  load. Aminoacidemic and lipidic infusions lead not only to decrease
      respectively in proteins and lipids intakes, but also in glucids intakes. So, in
      this case, total caloric intake decreased more than caloric load. Results are
      discussed in the hypothesis of existence of a hepatic chemosensibility.

PMID- 1197399
TI  - Aversive effects and retention impairment induced by acetoxycycloheximide in an
      instrumental task.
AB  - AXM, when subcutaneously injected during the first 3 min following the
      acquisition of a nondiscriminative instrumental learning task, induced an
      aversion for the food reinforcement which had been associated with the training
      situation and with the pharmacological treatment. The high number of
      nonreinforced responses preceding the first reinforced response(RR) that animals
      performed when tested 6 days after AXM treatment, was not due to forgetting of
      the lever significance, but to this aversion. Animals treated with AXM showed low
      levels of lever pressing response and long latencies for their first RR; this
      deficit did not seem only to be due to food reinforcement aversion; it
      disappeared, as well as food aversion, when food reinforcement which had been
      associated with the learning situation and to treatment, was added to the daily
      feeding regimen during treatment-test interval. It has been shown, moreover, that
      more than 90 percent of cerebral protein synthesis was inhibited during the 5 hr
      following subcutaneous AXM injection. These findings are interpreted as an
      indication that AXM does not affect memory consolidation of a non discriminative
      instrumental learning.

PMID- 1197400
TI  - Effects of hypothalamic knife cuts on the ingestive responses to glucose and
      insulin.
AB  - Parasagittal knife cuts through the perifornical hypothalamus either medial or
      lateral to the fornix produced hyperphagia and obesity and altered the rat's
      ingestive responses to dilute glucose solutions. The lateral knife cut rats drank
      less dilute glucose solution under both nondeprived and food deprived conditions
      and displayed less of a feeding suppressive response to glucose ingestion
      compared to controls. The lateral cut rats were also deficient in their feeding
      response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, although their altered sensitivity to
      glucose and insulin did not appear to be causally related. The medial knife cuts
      decreased the responsivity to glucose, but less so than the lateral cuts, and did
      not alter the ingestive response to insulin. Both the medial and lateral knife
      cuts did not appear to change the rat's responsivity to concentrated blucose
      solutions. The neuroanatomical and functional nature of the disorder responsible
      for these effects and its relationship to the hyper-phagia-obesity syndrome are
      discussed.

PMID- 1197401
TI  - VMH lesions facilitate baitshyness in the rat.
AB  - Normal rats and rats with lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus were compared
      on the acquisition of a single trial, long CS-US interval, conditioning task
      (baitshyness). The rats with hypothalamic damage exhibited facilitated
      baitshyness when tested both shortly after surgery and several months after
      surgery. The magnitude of the suppression observed in these animals could not be
      related to either specific anatomical structures within the hypothalamus or to
      the amount of obesity exhibited following the lesions. Similarities and
      differences between the results of the present study and previous studies are
      discussed.

PMID- 1197402
TI  - Pavlovian conditioning of eating induced by spreading depression in cortex,
      striatum and hippocampus of rats.
AB  - A single wave of unilateral spreading depression in the cortex, hippocampus or
      caudate nucleus of rats elicits eating after 2-6 min. The present experiments
      provide evidence that such spreading depression-induced eating can be classically
      conditioned to a complex conditioned stimulus. A wave of spreading depression was
      triggered by injection of 0.5-2.0 mul of 25 percent KCl solution. In a first
      experiment successful conditioning was demonstrated in 20 rats, involving 7
      cortical, 5 caudate and 8 hippocampal spreading depression sites. Four animals
      failed to show any conditioned eating. A control group of 8 animals, in which
      cortical spreading depression did not induce eating, showed no increase in eating
      in the presence of the CS after conditioning trials. A second experiment, which
      included pseudoconditioning and NaCl control groups, confirmed the results
      obtained in Experiment 1. Classical conditioning was successful in 11 animals,
      involving 6 cortical and 5 caudate spreading depression sites. Neither the
      pseudoconditioning (14 animals, involving 8 cortical and 6 caudate spreading
      depression sites) not the NaCl control group (8 animals, all with cortical
      sites), showed eating in the presence of the CS. In both experiments the
      conditioned eating underwent gradual extinction.

PMID- 1197403
TI  - Patterned response of lamina V cells: cutaneous and dorsal funicular stimulation.
AB  - Single unit activity was recorded in spinal lamina V (LV) in unansthetized cats.
      Poststimulus-time histogram (PSTH) analysis of responses to intracutaneous
      stimulation demonstrated similar firing patterns for all cells. In addition to a
      direct relationship between stimulus intensity and the duration of cellular
      response, modulation of firing frequency and distinct delayed PSTH peaks in 77
      percent of the units were observed. The pattern of delayed peaks was associated
      with the same high intensity intracutaneous stimulation reported as painful when
      applied to human observers. A background of dorsal funicular stimulation
      selectively inhibited the delayed response of LV cells to high intensity
      stimulation. Thus, LV cells, by their duration of firing, trasmit information
      related to stimulus intensity, and by their patterned responses, have the
      potential to relay other information, possibly related to their nociceptive role.
      As delayed LV activity is associated with a high proportion of small fibers in
      the afferent input, presynaptic inhibition of A-delta and C fibers might account
      for the selective inhibition associated with dorsal funicular stimulation.

PMID- 1197405
TI  - Endoprosthetic design.

PMID- 1197404
TI  - Low dose-response for 2-deoxy-D-glucose-induced feeding, and the involvement of
      peripheral factors.
AB  - Latencies to feed and meal sizes were observed in recently satiated rats injected
      intraperitoneally with an isotonic solution of 2-deoxyglucose, using 3-0-methyl
      glucose for the control injection. The feeding response latency shortened
      monotonically with dose from about 0.3 mmole/kg (50 mg/kg) to 0.5-0.6 mmole/kg,
      with an extended plateau up to dehilitating doses. At modest doses, the latency
      to feed was shorter in adrenal demedullated rats than in intact rats, suggesting
      that the hyperglycemic response to 2DG partially inhibits the feeding response.
      Food-deprived rats took larger meals following 2DG injection, if there had been
      recent rapid intestinal absorption of glucose. It is suggested that a major
      action of 2DG is to block the satiating consequences of the process of
      absorption, possibly at hepatic receptors.

PMID- 1197406
TI  - Should physiotherapists join trade unions?

PMID- 1197407
TI  - The physiological basis of ataxia.

PMID- 1197408
TI  - Ataxia in childhood.

PMID- 1197409
TI  - Ataxia and weights.

PMID- 1197410
TI  - Relationship of sputum quantity to pulmonary function.

PMID- 1197411
TI  - Steroids and sapogenins tissue cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea.

PMID- 1197412
TI  - Isolation and identification of a new tropane alkaloid.

PMID- 1197413
TI  - Monoterpenoid alkaloid from Vinca major.

PMID- 1197414
TI  - Polyphenolics of twenty local varieties of Mangifera indica.

PMID- 1197415
TI  - A color reaction of panaxadiol with vanillin and sulfuric acid.

PMID- 1197416
TI  - Lupanin alkaloids and other compounds from Cadia purpurea.

PMID- 1197417
TI  - Ethoxylupanin, a new alkaloid from Cadia purpurea.

PMID- 1197418
TI  - Phloroglucinol derivatives of eleven Dryopteris species from Japan.

PMID- 1197419
TI  - [Adenanthera pavonina, composition of the fat and mass spectrometric analysis of
      the sterolglucosides].

PMID- 1197420
TI  - [Phytochemical study of Solanaceae from Central Africa. I. Alkaloids of Solanum
      dasyphyllum].

PMID- 1197421
TI  - Terephthalic acid and its methyl esters from Zizyphus sativa.

PMID- 1197422
TI  - Pharmacological investigations on Elaeocarpus ganitrus.

PMID- 1197423
TI  - [Naphtaline glycosides from the bark of Rhammus frangula (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197424
TI  - Chemical examination of the flowers of Cassia sophera.

PMID- 1197425
TI  - Phytochemical investigation of some Nigerian plants used against fevers. II.
      Cymbopogon citratus.

PMID- 1197426
TI  - Chemical examination of Cassia javanica.

PMID- 1197427
TI  - Effect of growth retardants on growth and alcaloid formation in Datura metal var.
      fastuosa.

PMID- 1197428
TI  - Substances from plants of the subfamily Wurmbaeoideae and their derivatives. Part
      LXXIX. Alkaloids of the plant Gloriosa superba L.

PMID- 1197429
TI  - [Isolation and identification of the alkaloids in papaver radicatum (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197430
TI  - [Valepotriates in the aerial parts of some more valerianaceae species (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197431
TI  - [Biological and taxonomical concepts of chemical races (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197432
TI  - [Chemical polymorphism and chemical polytypism in essential oil producing plant
      species (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197433
TI  - [Chemical polymorphism and chemical polytypism in glycoside containing plant
      species (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197434
TI  - [Chemical polymorphism and chemical polytypism in alkaloid producing plant
      species (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197435
TI  - [The role of chemical races, sources, cultivars and species for the in vivo
      preparation of radioactive labelled natural compounds, described von Valeriana
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197436
TI  - Variation and inheritance of some monoterpenes in Pinus silvestris.

PMID- 1197437
TI  - The increasing complexities in the world of plastic surgery.
AB  - The increasing complexities in medicine, in medical education, and in plastic
      surgery seem to almost defy resolution. The best way to cope with these
      complexities, and to provide opportunity on an individual or a group basis, is by
      adherence to quality training program of the type which has served us well and in
      which the objective is constant. This implies the selection of high-quality
      candidates for training, and the control of resident flow, so that we may
      continue as a learned profession. History witnesses change--and time will bring
      new philsophies, new surgeons with changing values, and a public oriented to a
      different system of medical care. Shakespeare said, "when the day ends, the end
      will be known." I am confident that plastic surgery, with its traditional
      emphasis on quality and excellence, will long endure as a most learned
      profession.

PMID- 1197438
TI  - Lymphangioma. A long-term follow-up study.
AB  - At the Hospital for Sick Children 177 patients with lymphangioma, exclusive of
      those who had intra-abdominal lesions, were seen between 1927 and 1964. Forty
      nine of these (aged 8 to 41 years) were available for follow-up examination. The
      results of treatment by surgical excision, aspiration, incision and drainage, and
      radiation are reported. No cases confirmed histologically as lymphangioma
      underwent spontaneous regression. Two histologically unconfirmed cases underwent
      partial regression. Four of the 11 who were left with lymphangioma tissue at
      operation never had significant recurrences. Therefore, this clinical study does
      not clarify the possible role of spontaneous regression in lymphangioma.
      Extensive surgery is the treatment of choice whenever feasible, but in unilocular
      or bilocular cystic lymphagnioma subsequent regression can be expected after
      palliative treatment (aspiration, or incision and drainage). Clinical and
      pathological criteria should be established for differentiation between
      lymphangioma and primary lymphedema. Lesions involving subepithelial, subdermal,
      and subcutaneous or internodal networks of lymphatics will produce lymphagioma;
      lesions of the collecting lymphatic trunks will result in lymphedema.

PMID- 1197439
TI  - Dorsal dislocation of the index metacarpophalangeal joint.

PMID- 1197440
TI  - Effects of intralesional injection of triamcinolone on glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase activity in keloids.

PMID- 1197441
TI  - Corrective rhinoplasty for enlargement of nose due to acromegaly. Case report.

PMID- 1197442
TI  - Intraoperative reduction of phalangeal fractures.

PMID- 1197443
TI  - A plastic surgery operatory unit.

PMID- 1197444
TI  - Surgical management of lymphedema of the extremity.
AB  - Lymphedema of the extremity has been managed in 14 patients by staged excisions
      of the edematous subcutaneous tissue beneath skin flaps. Six patients have been
      followed for 4 to 6 years. This method has been successful in dealing with the
      symptoms of this condition. No episodes of postoperative celluitis have occurred
      in these patients. Normal function of the extremity has been achieved, and the
      contour has been preserved. It appears at this time that excision of the
      subcutaneous tissue is the most important aspect of the surgical management of
      lymphedema.

PMID- 1197445
TI  - [The problem of apparent schizophrenic symptoms in juveniles].
AB  - In the clinic we frequently come across cases of indistinct accentuated
      schizophrenic behaviour in youth. We mention here a casuistry which can be
      considered as a juvenile asthenic denial syndrome with coenaesthetic symptoms.
      This picture can be differentiated from coenaesthetic schizophrenia, hebephrenia,
      neurotic symptoms and physical psychoses which can be proven. The problem of
      differential diagnosis is considered with particular regard to progressive
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1197446
TI  - [The use of nitrous oxide as a contrast medium during fractionated gas
      encephalography in halane-nitrous-oxide anesthesia].
AB  - 40 children were employed as test cases in fractionated gas encephalography using
      Halan-nitrous oxide anesthesia, and the level of cerebrospinal pressure, the
      rontgenoparent quality of the extracerebral spaces and the duration of
      postencephalographical symptoms were examined using air and nitrous oxide as
      contrast media. In the course of the examination the cerebrospinal pressure
      showed a tendency to rise when air was introduced, to fall when nitrous oxide was
      introduced. After instillation of N2O however the filling of the subarachnoid
      space was over so quickly that it could not be included in the assessment.
      Sufficient rontgenograms were obtained for all diagnostic demands through 'hybrid
      filling', (introduction of nitrous oxide into the ventricles, introduction of air
      into the subarachnoid spaces). With the aid of the results obtained from this
      examination attempts will be made to derive differentiated indications for
      filling with nitrous oxide.

PMID- 1197447
TI  - [Against the concept of a uniform schizophrenia].
AB  - 500 chronic schizophrenics (250 men and 250 women) were examined and divided up
      into two groups according to whether occurrences of psychosis had been proved in
      the family ('family' cases) or not ('spordic' cases). Considerable discrepancies
      were found when the two groups were compared. The examination showed the
      'sporadic' schizophrenics to be older; their first admission to hospital lay
      further in the past, they had been in the meantime less frequently discharged,
      they stayed longer in hospital, more frequently never left hospital after their
      first admission and showed more rarely fluctuations of the syndrome between two
      poles. With a more insidious development of the disorder there thus followed a
      worse prognosis for the sporadic patients than for the familiy patients. The
      basic discrepancies were significant, for the most part very significant.
      Sporadic schizophrenics are found more frequently amongst men, family
      schizophrenics more frequently amongst women. The vast majority of schizophrenics
      in the families of our test cases were women.

PMID- 1197448
TI  - [Pattern of familial psychoses--systematic and unsystematic schizophrenia and
      cycloid psychoses].
AB  - 604 cases were examined, 309 of which were systematic schizophrenics, 191 were
      unsystematic schizophrenics and 104 cycloid psychotics. With the systematic
      schizophrenics the average period spent in hospital amounted to 16.9 years, with
      the unsystematic schizophrenics 13.8 years, with the cycloid psychotics 8.2
      years. The systematic schizophrenics were discharged from hospital on average 1.5
      times, the unsystematic 2.3 times, the cycloid psychotics 4.1 times. Of the
      systematic schizophrenics, 37.5% were never discharged after their first
      admittance to hospital, of the unsystematic 25.7%, of the cycloid psychotics
      9.6%. Bipolar fluctuations were detected in 1.6% of the systematic
      schizophrenics, 49.7% of the unsystematic and 78.8% of the cycloid psychotics.
      15.9% of the systematic schizophrenics had occurrences of psychoses in their
      family compared to 50.8% of the unsystematic and 22.1% of the cycloid psychotics.
      The systematic schizophrenics had 17.5% of their family ill, the unsystematic
      69.6%, the cycloid psychotics 25.0%. Of the parents of the systematic
      schizophrenics 2.3% were ill, of the parents of the unsystematic schizophrenics
      11.6%, of the parents of the cycloid psychotics 5.0%. Of the brothers and sisters
      of the systematic schizophrenics 2.4% were ill, of the unsystematic
      schizophrenics 10.9%, of the cycloid psychotics 3.0%. These variations in the
      pattern and occurrence of psychoses in the family seem to prove that the three
      groups of endogenous psychoses are genetically separable. There are also
      differentiating features inside the groups. Periodic catatonia in particular is
      characterized by the great number of psychotics in the family.

PMID- 1197449
TI  - [Radiological pictures of the skull following brain-tumor surgery].
AB  - In 90 patients, the majority of whom was operated upon for a brain tumour, we
      have systematically controlled the post-operative x-ray pictures of the skull.
      Clips set in during surgery, calcified epiphysis and changes of the sella due to
      pressure were the most important signs. To complete the follow-up of tumours we
      should like to propose to use clips not only as a hemostyptic measure, but also
      to have marks in cases of possible relapses.

PMID- 1197450
TI  - [Group round].
AB  - The traditional clinical round as a means of communication, information and
      teaching has considerable disadvantages; therefore a procedure is proposed after
      5-years testing called "group round" as a supplementary procedure. It spares the
      time of the physician, enables the orientation in the individual patient and
      moreover the observation of interaction between the patients themselves and
      between patients and personal staff and facilitates teaching. The less
      experienced physician gets an easier approach to group psychotherapy, essential
      effects of which become effective in the procedure. The breaking of professional
      secrecy can be avoided.

PMID- 1197451
TI  - [Serum creatinphosphokinase (CPK) in endogenic psychoses].
AB  - Creatinphosphokinase (CPK) was determined in 141 patients with manic-depressive
      and schizophrenic psychoses. In general endogenic psychoses of the manic and
      depressive type as well as chronic schizophrenias show normal CPK values. In
      acute cases of paranoid-halluzinatory schizophrenias normal values are
      predominant. In catatonic schizophrenias, as a rule, clearly increased enzyme
      activities are found. Thise increased values suggest a postulated somatic disease
      as a cause of the psychosis. Thus, the determination of CPK provides a useful aid
      in the diagnosis and control of the course of catatonic schizophrenic.

PMID- 1197452
TI  - [Electroencephalographic examinations following strangulation].
AB  - An electroencephalogram (E.E.G.) was recorded from 12 patients within 4 hours
      after strangulation. The tracings were mainly flat and showed severe general
      alterations. Repeated recordings were performed in 16 patients during the further
      course at regular intervals until the findings had normalized. Despite the marked
      initial findings, in 13 patients the basic activity had normalized within 48
      hours after strangulation, but often it was asymmetric. Marked asymmetry and
      focal findings subsided within a year. Only in juvenile patients with initially
      marked neurological symptoms and subsequent demential course focal findings were
      found over several years. Contrary to the results of other investigations, spike
      potentials occurred in 2 patients with tonic-clonic seizures as focal and
      generalized, resp. steep. waves.

PMID- 1197453
TI  - [Examinations with the modified VNPI].
AB  - The revised design of a psychometric procedure (VNPI) is described. Additional
      factors were extracted by intercorrelations and factor analysis: increased
      perseveration, inhibited contact, defective flexibility, instability of moods.
      They provide information, additionally to the evaluation of the factors of
      vegetative lability, neuroticism, and introversion. A random test in 360 persons
      from a screening series is used for the presentation of the relations between
      VNPI values and findings of social and internal medicine. The possibilities of
      individual diagnosis of the procedure are demonstrated by VNPI profiles of
      patients.

PMID- 1197454
TI  - [Side-effects of lithium therapy].
AB  - Side-effects and complications of lithium therapy were examined by evaluation of
      data registered from 73 patients. Transitory subjective complaints would often
      occur during the initial phase of therapy, but they do not require any additional
      therapy. Occasional development of struma and sometimes high increase of body
      weight require regular controls of these values. Disposing factors concerning the
      possible occurrence of epileptic seizures and extra-pyramidal disorders under
      lithium therapy are Melipramin as well as organic cerebral lesions.

PMID- 1197455
TI  - [On the problem of psychodiagnosis in psychiatry and psychotherapy].
AB  - Owing to the changed concept of psychiatry and psychotherapy, greater demands are
      also being made on psychodiagnostics. The article deals with the prerequisites,
      possible significance and application of the clinical methods and psychological
      tests, describes the problems of standardization and quality testing and
      discusses indications and problems of the different groups of methods. The
      demands of the clinician addressed to test designers are dealt with, as well as
      the question of which group of methods should be used and by whom.

PMID- 1197456
TI  - [On the problems of psychophysiological data determination].
AB  - Together with the description of difficulties of registration specific
      individual, stimulus, and motivation reactions are dealt with. Possibilities are
      shown of changes of the signalto-noise ratio in the example of a superimposition
      related to an event. Particularly the problems of the design of psychological
      complementary diagnostics for the recognition of habitual factors and factor
      related to specific reactions to trauma are discussed.

PMID- 1197457
TI  - [Incidence of infantile cerebral lesions in children with behavioral disorders].
AB  - The delimitation of behavioural disturbances predominantly due to organic brain
      lesions from those caused by reactions due to environmental factors has practical
      importance for drug therapy and pedagogic guidance. Figures on the incidence of
      infantile brain lesions among children with behavioural disorders range from
      between 20 to 90%. However, comparison of the results is difficult, because
      different authors followed different aspects for the evaluation of their
      material. The authors have collected data from 497 children from the 3 to 15 year
      old age group who suffer from behavioural disturbances: history, neurological and
      psychological findings, electroencephalogram, native x-ray picture of the skull,
      pneumo-encephalogram and echoencephalogram were reviewed for signs and findings
      suggesting infantile brain damage. Certain signs of intantile brain lesion were
      found in 28.6% of the children. Among the apparative diagnostic procedures
      without impairment to the patients, the electroencephalogram proved particularly
      suited for the support of the diagnosis. The most accurate data on the
      localization and extent of the lesion are provided by the pneumo-encephalogram.
      However, its performance is not possible or justified in each child.

PMID- 1197458
TI  - [Studies on protein genetic factors in multiple sclerosis and psychoses].
AB  - In more than 200 cases of multiple sclerosis, psychosis and cyclothymia, the Hp
      types are studied with the help of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Schreyer
      and Schaible, 1967) and the Gc types wtih agar gel electrophoresis (Schlesinger,
      Vogt and Prokop, 1963). All Hp and Gc types were found in these diseases, but
      there was no frequent occurence of any particular type in multiple acleroses of
      psychoses. According to our results, there is no interdependence between these
      diseases and the Hp and Gc types.

PMID- 1197459
TI  - [Regressive myopathy with myasthenic syndrome in idiopathic gluten enteropathy].
AB  - The authors report on a case of sprue myopathy with myasthenic syndrome.
      Pathophysiological ideas are discussed and the necessity of complex examinations
      in myopathy-syndromes is emphasized.

PMID- 1197460
TI  - [Out-patient treatment of psychoses using depot-fluphenazin].
AB  - 43 courses of treatment in various psychoses are reported. Peculiarities of
      dosage and application, and the position of Depot-Fluphenazin as compared to
      other Depot-neuroliptics are considered in detail.

PMID- 1197461
TI  - [Suicidal trends in urban and rural districts of Brandenburg].
AB  - Statistic methods are used to investigate the discrepancy in the occurrence of
      suicides and attempted suicides in the urban and rural districts of Brandenburg.
      Although the socilolgical structures of the rural districts are much like those
      of the town, there exist obvious discrepancies in the incidence rate. The suicide
      rate is paradoxically in contrast with what may be expected when one has read the
      literature. The rate is higher in the rural districts than in the town. The
      possible causes of this phenomenon are discussed indetail. It is considered
      recommendable for the planning of preventive measures that not only the figures
      for actual suicides  be taken as a representative rate and starting point, but
      also the figures for suicidal acts (suicides and attempted suicides).

PMID- 1197462
TI  - [Cerebrospinal fluid electrophoresis and normomastic reaction/Comment on the work
      of J. Lossner and H. Diessner (Pschiat. Neurol. med Psychol. 25:689-94) and H.
      Glasner].

PMID- 1197463
TI  - [Pathological visual field and brain tumor].
AB  - The general relationships between an operatively or autoptically localized tumor
      and the visual field determined by means of ikineticer perimetry are
      investigated, the patient stock being a total of 1756 neurosurgical brain-tumor
      inpatients. Examination of the visual field was possible with four fifths of the
      brain-tumor patients. Hemianopic, quadrantanopsic, or scotomatous defects of a
      topically localizable nature could be found in almost one third of the total
      patient stock available for examination. The clinically particularly interesting
      criteria of localization of homonymous-hemianopsia defects such as macular
      sparing and incongruence/congruence of visual field changes should be of no
      importance to the localization within the visual pathway of brain-tumor patients.

PMID- 1197464
TI  - [Changes of the visual field with cerebral tumors].
AB  - Neurosurgical material of 1,746 tumours is reviewed for the relations between
      operative and post mortem localization of cerebral tumours and pathological
      findings of isopteric perimetry; and the incidence of defects of the visual field
      with the different localizations of tumours is discussed. The aim was to localize
      the tumours as accurately as possible. At least in brain tumour patients the
      defect of the visual field does not allow conclusions on the level of lesions to
      the visual pathway. Only the superior quadranopsia is important for the temporal
      localization.

PMID- 1197465
TI  - [Liepmann's test and its specific significance in the alcoholic delirium].
AB  - The perceptional characteristics of hallucinatory events and the phenomenal forms
      of artificially produced hallucinations were studied on a total of 210 patients
      (144 patients with delirium tremens, alcoholic hallucinosis, abstention from
      alcoholic beverages freedom from abstinence symptoms and 66 subjects with
      schizophrenia, symptomatic epilepsy, general paralysis, neuroses, and conditions
      of intoxication). The results of our studies show that Liepmann's test may be
      used to reliably diagnose genuine hallucinoses. They are usually preceded by a
      number of different stages, these being the stages of stability of development
      and full development of prehallucinatory phenomena, simultaneous and suggestive
      periods of geniune hallucinations. Liepmann's test is specifically distinctive of
      psychopathological disorders associated with delirium tremens.

PMID- 1197466
TI  - [Disorders of higher mentae functions as first symptoms in patients with brain
      tumors].
AB  - It has been established that in 29 (or 36,25%) of examined patients with
      neoplasms of the brain in the left dominant hemisphere, disturbances in the
      psychic functions seem to be the first and most early symptoms of the disease.
      They develop slowly, progressively, or in the form of epileptic language
      equivalents (in 5% of examined patients). As early symptoms, disturbances in
      language indicate existance of a brain disease and give cause to suspect a
      neoplasm, in this way stating the necessity of further examination, and from the
      other side - in some cases show the localization of the process.

PMID- 1197467
TI  - [The integration of methods in residential psychotherapy].
AB  - The trend toward integration of psychotherapy into general medical practice has,
      especially in inpatient treatment of neurotic diseases, led to the development of
      psychotherapeutic systems, the differences of which are largely dependent upon
      both clinical conditions and therapeutical objectives. The author, in the light
      of ten years of practical experience with group psychotherapy of patients living
      in a hospital, gives a schematic outline of the Berlin system of integration of
      methods, discussing the system with reference to Kabanov's four basic principles,
      namely, the principle of the partnership of doctor and patient, the principle of
      the differences in efforts and effects, the principle of the unity of efficacy of
      methods, and the principle of the gradual transitions between methods and
      procedures. A detailed discussion is given of the gradual transition principle by
      reference to the phase-specific procedure of group psychotherapy and the methods
      of treatment coordinated therewith.

PMID- 1197468
TI  - [Individual therapy as a special form of complex psychotherapy].
AB  - A combination of several psychotherapeutic methods will be meaningfull only if
      they are tuned to, and supplement, each other. Indiscriminate combinations may
      produce harmful effects. The choice of psychotherapeutic methods depends upon the
      objective that the psychotherapist desires to accomplish. In psychotherapy it is
      essential that all actions taken be governed by plans worked out in accordance
      with the particular objectives to be accomplished.

PMID- 1197469
TI  - [Objectifying the effect of autogenic training on disordered ventilation in
      bronchial asthma].
AB  - Forty-one persons suffering from asthma (aged 20 to 55; duration of disease:
      greater than or equal 2 years) were divided into 2 groups and participated in
      courses of instruction in autogenic training. The control group was comprised of
      14 patients. The effects of autogenic training on the maximum rate of expiration
      as well as the limiting respiratory value were recorded. The control group showed
      a seasonal decrease in the maximum rate of expiration and the limiting
      respiratory value by 10 to 20% in the period extending from April through
      November. The autogenic-training patients showed a temporally similar increase in
      the maximum rate of expiration of 27 and 22%, respectively (the difference to the
      control group being 47 and 42%, respectively). In 35 patients the increase in the
      limiting respiratory value was equal to or greater than the effect produced by
      novodrine. Catamnesis after one year (n = 40): Absence from work in a twelve
      month period was 663 days prior to autogenic training and 77 days (11.6%)
      subsequent to autogenic training. Accordingly, autogenic training may be
      considered to be an objectively effective component of a combination of
      therapeutical methods used in the treatment of bronchial asthma.

PMID- 1197470
TI  - [Reactive music therapy in psychotherapeutic group talks].
AB  - The authors, after presenting a survey of the literature on techniques of
      receptive musical therapy used for both individuals and groups, describe the use
      of Schwabe's reactive musical therapy within psychotherapeutical group talks.
      Experience gained using this particular technique of muscial therapy is reported,
      the institutional and theoretical reference system, by which reactive musical
      group therapy may be used, being described in greater detail. Also, special
      mention is made in this paper of contraindications and their respective
      conditions.

PMID- 1197471
TI  - [The multiple selection vocabulary test (MSVT-B)--an accelerated intelligence
      test].
AB  - A new accelerated intelligence test is presented which is known as the multiple
      selection vocabulary test B. This is a very objective and reliable test measuring
      the general level of intelligence. The time of testing will be about three to
      five minutes in the case of persons that are free of any psychiatric disorders.
      Test results will be only negligibly influenced by psychic and mental disorders.

PMID- 1197472
TI  - [Relations between pneumoencephalographic and electroencephalographic findings in
      childhood].
AB  - During simultaneous testing of electro-encephalograms and pneumoencephalograms in
      200 children of various ages a proven correlation of statistics between both test
      procedures emerged as a well-defined parameter for evaluation. When making a
      statement about the correlation in findings between E.E.G. and P.E.G. the age of
      development in a child must be taken into consideration. Thus it emerged that in
      infants pronounced enlargement of the ventricular system correlates with active
      tension E.E.G. at increased inter-cranial pressure, while the coincidence of
      focal changes in E.E.G. and P.E.G. with advancing years becomes at first more
      pronounced after the tenth year of life (or puberty) but afterwards lessens.

PMID- 1197473
TI  - [Interpersonal exposure to danger and risk-taking in the group therapy process].
AB  - The writer singles out from the complexities of the group psychotherapeutic
      process the dynamic pair: inter-personal exposure to danger and the taking of
      risk. According to his empirical experience and tests the degree of risk-taking
      is a good parameter for assessing the psychotherapeutic process. For this purpose
      the inter-action matrix devised by Hill proves itself most useful.

PMID- 1197474
TI  - [The personality of the teacher as a patient type in psychological diagnosis].
AB  - The report concerns the questioning of 200 pedagogues using the questionnaire
      concerning introversion, neuroticism, rigidity and autonomic instability. All the
      patients are teachers and pupils in working relationships who were chosen from
      medical dispensary care with present symptoms of exhaustion and conflicting
      reactions, and who were transferred to psychological supervision. From the
      resulting data in the scales investigated, a configuration frequency analysis of
      the symptoms of introversion, neuroticism, rigidity and autonomic instability is
      given. Three oft-occurring typical configurations of scale can be found. From
      this a configuration type (with stikingly rigid behaviour and an otherwise
      unobtrusive scale constellation) can be interpreted as the "typical tacher"
      product of lengthy pedagogic activity.

PMID- 1197475
TI  - [Dispensary care of suicidal cases in later life].
AB  - Experience drawn from daily work with suicidal cases and from special tests
      related to and connected with this work is generalized. Differences in suicidal
      behaviour between people in later life and the younger age grouping are
      elaborated, corresponding characteristics of suicidal behaviour are specified and
      information or suggestions on the guidelines for the necessary therapeutic and
      preventative work are given.

PMID- 1197476
TI  - [Care of the mentally defective in Finland].
AB  - In Finland the organisation for the rehabilitation of those of retarded
      development is independent and total, It includes all special welfare needs. Its
      main objects are the normalisation and integration of those of retarded
      development into society; this means creating personal and social opportunities
      for them and helping them in many ways to facilitate thier integration into
      society.

PMID- 1197478
TI  - The nature and measurement of anxiety.

PMID- 1197477
TI  - [Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension].
AB  - The disease picture of idiopathic orthostatic hypotonia is described from a
      clinical and histological point of view with reference to a case treated by the
      present authors. The independent character of this particular ailment may be
      considered as resulting from the virtually uncontrollable orthostatic decreases
      in blood pressure in connection with the progressive disorders especially of the
      motor system. Also, the etiology is not yet fully understood.

PMID- 1197479
TI  - [Degree of adaptation in patients following a phase of affective psychosis].

PMID- 1197480
TI  - [Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of lithium as related to heredity factors
      in patients with manic-depressive psychosis].

PMID- 1197481
TI  - [Criminogenic affects].

PMID- 1197482
TI  - [Music perception and the level of neurotism in training groups].

PMID- 1197483
TI  - [Terminological problems encountered in the study of drug dependencies].

PMID- 1197484
TI  - [Nomenclature related to drug addiction].

PMID- 1197485
TI  - [Difference in the range of activation between schizophrenic patients and normal
      subjects].

PMID- 1197486
TI  - [Pre-suicidal syndrome].

PMID- 1197487
TI  - [Psychiatry in Peru].

PMID- 1197488
TI  - [Model for intensive outpatient psychotherapy in neuroses].

PMID- 1197489
TI  - [Case of chloprothixene dependency].

PMID- 1197490
TI  - [Unusual family and environmental relationship between 2 persons with artistic
      schizophrenia].

PMID- 1197491
TI  - [Student opinion poll, taken from among selected Warsaw colleges on the subject
      of psychiatric disorders and psychiatry in general].

PMID- 1197492
TI  - [Music therapy in the treatment of hyperkinesis and anxiety neuroses in
      children].

PMID- 1197493
TI  - [Urinary excretion of chlorpromazine metabolites: clinico-chemical correlations].

PMID- 1197495
TI  - [Female transsexualism in psychiatric diagnosis].

PMID- 1197494
TI  - [Changes in the partition coefficient and interphase potential for calcium and
      phosphate ions in children with mental disorders].

PMID- 1197496
TI  - [Heparin treatment of mental disorders caused by arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1197497
TI  - [Neuroleptics in long-term treatment of schizophrenia].

PMID- 1197498
TI  - [Haloperidol Polfa in the treatment of mental disorders].

PMID- 1197499
TI  - Dynamic and holistic ideas of neurosis and psychotherapy.
AB  - In this paper I want to discuss certain weaknesses of the traditional dynamic
      psychoanalytic conception of neurosis and their psychotherapeutic consequences.
      At the same time, I would like to advocate an alternative conception of neurosis,
      a holistic or characterological conception, and I will try to indicate some of
      the therapeutic ideas and practices which follow from it.

PMID- 1197500
TI  - What is "normal"? Logical aspects of the question of homosexual behavior.

PMID- 1197501
TI  - Masochism: a clinical and theoretical overview.
AB  - This paper will review some of the theoretical and clinical features of masochism
      from an eclectic point of view. The topic of masochism has been taken up by
      authors of many perspectives because it addresses one of the anomalous, absurd,
      difficult-to-explain aspects of behavior for which no psychological system has an
      easy answer. Therefore, a wide-ranging literature on the topic of masochism is
      available. However, few previous reviewers have attempted to draw from a variety
      of disciplines and theoretical frameworks. In this review the historical
      development of the term and some of the psychoanalytic conceptualizations will be
      presented first. Since previous reviews of masochism from a strictly
      psychoanalytic perspective are adequate (Brenner, 1959; Eisenbud, 1967; Fenichel,
      1945; Loewenstein, 1957; Panken, 1967), our discussions of masochism will be
      developed employing more extensively the interpersonal, social, learning theory,
      and biological perspectives.

PMID- 1197502
TI  - Epidemic hysteria in Malaysian schools: an illustrative episode.
AB  - This paper discusses the prevalence and characteristics of epidemic hysteria
      among predominantly rural Malay schools in Malaysia. An illustrative episode in a
      Malay residential girls' school is described, and contributory factors to this
      outbreak are elaborated. An attempt is made to analyze the complex interweaving
      of psychological, religious, cultural, and sociological factors in the
      precipitation of the outbreak.

PMID- 1197503
TI  - The Chinese student--acculturation and mental illness.
AB  - This paper reviews the history of the Chinese student in America and examines the
      conflicts which the special role of the Chinese on campus created. Specifically
      the nature of the problems manifested by Chinese students who sought help through
      the student health program at a large West Coast university are examined as a
      reflection of the stresses caused by currently changing attitudes toward
      assimilation in the Chinese-American population. Interestingly, except for a
      brief overview by Fong, this is a group that, despite its size and significance,
      has been ignored in the literature.

PMID- 1197504
TI  - On a central psychic constellation.

PMID- 1197505
TI  - Outstanding developmental progression in three boys. A longitudinal study.

PMID- 1197506
TI  - The phallic-narcissistic phase. A differentiation between preoedipal and oedipal
      aspects of phallic development.

PMID- 1197507
TI  - On the maternal origins of awe.

PMID- 1197508
TI  - Theoretical and clinical aspects of ambivalence.

PMID- 1197509
TI  - The interpretation of dreams, semiology, and Chomskian linguistics. A radical
      critique.

PMID- 1197510
TI  - Toward a clarification of the concept of narcissism.

PMID- 1197511
TI  - Pseudobackwardness in children. Maternal attitudes as an etiological factor.

PMID- 1197512
TI  - Special problems of blind infants. Blind baby profile.

PMID- 1197513
TI  - "Hysterical materilization" in the analysis of a latency girl.

PMID- 1197514
TI  - The mirror dream.

PMID- 1197515
TI  - Childhood memories as contents of schizophrenic hallucinations and delusions.

PMID- 1197516
TI  - An unexpected result of the analysis of a talented musician.

PMID- 1197517
TI  - Discussions on transference. The treatment situation and technique in child
      psychoanalysis.

PMID- 1197518
TI  - On termination in child analysis.

PMID- 1197519
TI  - Analyst in the nursery. Experimental application of child analytic techniques in
      a therapeutic nursery: the cornerstone method.

PMID- 1197520
TI  - Preventive intervention in adolescence.

PMID- 1197521
TI  - The impact of surgery on boys.

PMID- 1197522
TI  - Psychological reactions to facial and hand burns in young men. Can I see myself
      through your eyes?

PMID- 1197523
TI  - Addiction and ego function.

PMID- 1197524
TI  - The fall of man.

PMID- 1197525
TI  - Why foster care--for whom for how long?

PMID- 1197526
TI  - Vicissitudes of narcissism and problems of civilization.

PMID- 1197527
TI  - Infant observation. Its relevance to psychoanalytic training.

PMID- 1197528
TI  - Language deficits in children with developmental lags.

PMID- 1197529
TI  - Symposium on The Ego and the Id after fifty years. The structural hypothesis-
      theoretical considerations.
AB  - Freud reformulated his model of the psychic apparatus because certain clinical
      observations did not fit into the earlier framework of his theory. In the new
      theory, he emphasized the role each element plays in psychic conflict. Because
      Freud philosophically was committed to a materialistic, nonteleological,
      biologically based theory, he carried over into the new formulations some of the
      metapsychological assumptions of the earlier theory. It is suggested that this
      transposition is responsible for some of the confusion concerning the application
      of the structural theory. It is proposed that if a more strict usage of the
      concept of metapsychology with more precise conceptualization is employed, some
      of the problems connected with the application of the structural theory may be
      overcome.

PMID- 1197530
TI  - Symposium on The Ego and the Id after fifty years. Clinical formulations and
      research.
AB  - The Ego and the Id has served as an organizing model which has advanced
      psychoanalysis as a science and as a therapy. The paradigm offered by the
      structural formulations provided a framework for many developmental and clinical
      studies as well as an approach to a general psychology of human behavior.
      Therapeutic advances have been made, but the art of therapy has not kept pace
      with the scientific advances. Dissatisfaction with psychoanalysis and
      psychoanalytic theory is discussed. Theories have become too far removed from
      their clinical base; a changing sociologic climate that has reduced the impact of
      the rational attitude offered by psychoanalysis and the failure of psychoanalytic
      therapy to cure all ills have contributed to the dissatisfaction.

PMID- 1197531
TI  - Symposium on The Ego and the Id after fifty years. The need for a new general
      theoretical frame of reference for psychoanalysis.
AB  - This paper briefly discusses some of the serious problems in current
      psychoanalytic metapsychology and the need for a new general theoretical frame of
      reference. It highlights the lack of explanatory power and the primitive nature
      of current metapsychology. The paper suggests the usefulness of an information
      processing and systems model which is consistent with neurophysiology.

PMID- 1197532
TI  - Symposium on The Ego and the Id after fifty years. The past and future of ego
      psychology.
AB  - Having six roots in ordinary observation and introspection, ego psychology has a
      long pre-Freudian history, which influenced Freud's first usages of Ich. His
      works before 1923 contain much that is substantively ego psychology; The Ego and
      the Id was not a paradigm change but a consolidation of pre-existing ideas. The
      structural theory replaced a model (topographic) which Freud actually used very
      little, especially clinically, and he failed to remedy its gravest methodological
      faults. The ego-id model is an integral part of metapsychology, and will pass out
      of use as the latter dies, with no detriment to clinical psychoanalysis.

PMID- 1197533
TI  - Three strands of narcissism.
AB  - The development of narcissism is usually studied from the standpoint of the
      drives, or more specifically of the libido. This paper considers narcissism from
      the standpoint of the ego and seeks to delineate separate developmental lines.
      From this point of view, a variety of forms may be distinguished which are
      ordinarily structured during the oedipal period. It is postulated that narcissism
      cannot be considered as truly separable from the vicissitudes of the love and
      hate of objects. This formulation makes possible consideration of recent
      observations concerning the 'narcissistic personality' without requiring major
      new economic, structural, or dynamic metapsychological constructs.

PMID- 1197534
TI  - Early object loss and denial. Developmental considerations.
AB  - The psychoanalytic treatment of a young woman whose father had been killed in a
      concentration camp when she was four years old serves to illuminate certain
      aspects of libidinal and ego development, particularly as it touched on the
      effects of losing one's father just before entering the oedipal phase and on the
      defensive use of denial in lieu of mourning. Further consequences of the
      patient's loss are seen in the extent to which it influenced the self-image,
      sexual identity formation, and superego functioning, especially with regard to
      the role of guilt.

PMID- 1197535
TI  - An analogue of negation.

PMID- 1197536
TI  - Editorial: Ethology and development.

PMID- 1197537
TI  - Psychobiology of partnership behaviour.
AB  - Animal experiments demonstrate that it is not only the quality of transmitted and
      received social signals that is important, but also their frequency and the
      timing of the information transmitted. In order for progress to be made in the
      investigation of human social behaviour and its disorders, methods must be
      developed which allow the transmission of verbal and non-verbal information to be
      measured. Experiments carried out with healthy adults and healthy and disturbed
      children to investigate human eye contact and distance behaviour are reported,
      along with experiments on the influence of gaze and body posture on spoken
      communication. Finally, a report on the use of behaviour therapy for an autistic
      child is outlined in order to explore the psychobiological correlations between
      social behaviour and language, which concur with extensive experiments on brain
      stimulation. It is suggested that there is a cerebral representation for species
      specific social behaviour and a vocalization system embedded in these brain
      structures which is a phylogenetically-patterned prerequisite for the development
      of human language.

PMID- 1197538
TI  - Value of family background and clinical features as predictors of long-term
      outcome in anorexia nervosa: four-year follow-up study of 41 patients.
AB  - This is a prognostic study on 41 patients with anorexia nervosa (including three
      males) who satisfied defined diagnostic criteria. The patients had all been
      admitted to a metabolic unit where the mainstay of treatment was nursing care
      aimed at rapid restoration of body weight. A follow-up was conducted after a
      minimum lapse of four years after each patient's discharge from hospital. The
      outcome of the patient's illness was expressed in terms of an 'average outcome
      score' and a 'general outcome'. The series included a relatively high proportion
      of patients with a long illness who had received previous psychiatric treatment.
      Their families tended to come from higher social classes; a disturbed
      relationship with the patient was frequent. Premorbid disturbances in personality
      development were also common. The immediate response to treatment was excellent,
      with the majority of the patients returning to a normal weight, but relapses
      after discharge were common and readmissions were necessary in half the patients.
      At follow-up, the patients fell into the following defined categories: 'good'
      (39%), 'intermediate' (27%), 'poor' (29%), died (5%). Most of the patients who
      failed to recover continued to display the clinical features characteristic of
      anorexia nervosa. Among predictors of an unfavourable outcome were found a
      relatively late age of onset, a longer duration of illness, previous admissions
      to psychiatric hospitals, a disturbed relationship between the patient and other
      members of the family, and premorbid personality difficulties. It is suggested
      according to the severity of their illness, rather than on the method of
      treatment itself. The illness may last several years before eventual improvement
      or recovery, and a follow-up study must be extended over at least four years to
      be meaningful. An accurate prediction of eventual outcome is almost impossible,
      but late recoveries justify an optimistic outlook and continued therapeutic
      endeavour.

PMID- 1197539
TI  - Mental health care in the community: an evaluative study.
AB  - A study was designed to assess the therapeutic value of attaching a social worker
      to a metropolitan group practice in the management of chronic neurotic illness.
      The psychiatric and social status of a group of patients before treatment and
      after one year was compared with the status of a control group treated more
      conventionally over the same period. The results indicate that the experimental
      service conferred some benefit on the patient population.

PMID- 1197540
TI  - Factors associated with attempted suicide among hospitalized depressed patients.
AB  - An attempt was made to identify background, sociodemographic and clinical
      variables which are associated with attempted suicide in depression. Within a
      sample of 308 depressed psychiatric inpatients, suicide attempters were younger
      than non-attempters and were identified by a pattern of chronic interpersonal
      maladjustment reflected clinically in withdrawal from social contact and the
      display of hostility or irritability toward others.

PMID- 1197541
TI  - Correlates of placebo reaction in an outpatient population.
AB  - Variables describing 113 outpatients of a mental health clinic were derived from
      a Placebo Test, the MMPI, a Symptom Check List, measures a response style, and a
      questionnaire containing historical and demographic information. Two highly
      reliable scales, the Placebo Effect Scale (PES) and the Side Effect Scale (SES)
      were derived from the Placebo Test and served as dependent variables. PES scores
      were inversely related to reporting symptoms and unrelated to measures of
      response style. SES scores were directly related to reporting symptoms and with
      several measures of response style. There was a curvilinear relationship between
      placebo response and reporting side effects. Implications of results for further
      research are presented.

PMID- 1197542
TI  - Changes in serum tryptophan and albumin binding of tryptophan in chlorpromazine
      treated chronic schizophrenics on withdrawal and restoration of drug therapy.
AB  - Withdrawal of drug from a group of chlorpromazine-treated chronic male
      schizophrenics led to a significant rise in the initially low serum tryptophan
      concentration, and a rise in the fraction freely diffusible. These changes, which
      would be expected to lead to an increase in tryptophan influx into the brain, and
      hence to an increase in cerebral serotonin synthesis, could be related to the
      clinical effects of drug withdrawal.

PMID- 1197544
TI  - Openness, creativity and complexity.

PMID- 1197543
TI  - Behavioral indices of anxiety and locus of control.

PMID- 1197546
TI  - Creativity and sense of humor.

PMID- 1197545
TI  - A research strategy for evaluating the effectiveness of psychotherapy.

PMID- 1197547
TI  - Effects of situational variables on performance of inbred mice in active- and
      passive-avoidance situations.

PMID- 1197549
TI  - Locus of control of reinforcement and attraction in sensitivity group settings.

PMID- 1197548
TI  - Measuring preferences for hierarchical control: an attitude scale for
      contemporary times.

PMID- 1197550
TI  - Dimensions of alienation and pathology.

PMID- 1197551
TI  - Sex composition of groups and pattern of self-disclosure by high school females.

PMID- 1197552
TI  - RN transitions: frustration, inhibition or aversion?

PMID- 1197553
TI  - Factor analysis of repeated state hostility and guilt measures: males.

PMID- 1197554
TI  - Human salivary response to interpersonal bargaining situations: a psycho
      physiological investigation.

PMID- 1197555
TI  - Multidimensionality of locus of control and self-esteem.

PMID- 1197556
TI  - Perception of parental behavior by adolescents in crisis.

PMID- 1197557
TI  - Patients' opinions of the therapeutic relationship in rational behavior
      psychotherapy.

PMID- 1197558
TI  - Case study: elimination of smoking behavior through aversive smoking and other
      procedures.

PMID- 1197559
TI  - Ecology and ordinality in invention: an exploratory study.

PMID- 1197560
TI  - Personality patterns among short-term prisoners undergoing presentence
      evaluations.

PMID- 1197561
TI  - "Dwelling" time, operant measure of "depression" effect in escape conditioning.

PMID- 1197562
TI  - Some effects of lesion level, and emotional cues on affective expression in
      spinal cord patients.

PMID- 1197563
TI  - Ratings of life and death and suicide intent.

PMID- 1197564
TI  - Possible differential WISC patterns for retarded delinquents.

PMID- 1197565
TI  - Aggression in fairy tales: comparison of three cultures.

PMID- 1197566
TI  - Naturalistic analysis of verbal behavior in psychotherapy.

PMID- 1197567
TI  - Sex differences and relationship between repression-sensitization and self
      disclosure.

PMID- 1197568
TI  - A clinical decision-making model for child psychiatric intervention selection.

PMID- 1197569
TI  - Peabody Individual Achievement Test: concurrent validity with juvenile
      delinquents.

PMID- 1197570
TI  - Identification of dropouts at the initial stage of drug abuse treatment.

PMID- 1197571
TI  - Interpersonal conflict-handling behavior as reflections of Jungian personality
      dimensions.

PMID- 1197572
TI  - Caudate nucleus lesions and rearing responses.

PMID- 1197573
TI  - Ratings of impairment and functional status in prediction of mortality.

PMID- 1197574
TI  - Time course for the effects of cocaine on fixed-ratio water-reinforced responding
      in rats.
AB  - Four male rats performed during 35-min sessions under a schedule that arranged
      water delivery (0.04 ml) after every fortieth response. Cocaine (1.0-16.0 mg per
      rat, i.p.) was administered 15 min, 30 min, 60 min or 120 min prior to a session.
      When given 15 min prior to a session, cocaine (1.0-8.0 mg) in all rats produced
      dose-related decreases in responding. The largest dose, when given 15 min pre
      session to two rats, almost completely suppressed responding. Lengthening the
      time between drug injection and test session attenuated the rate-decreasing
      effects of cocaine (1.0-8.0 mg), but did not affect the almost complete
      suppression of performance seen with the largest dose. Small doses (1.0-4.0 mg)
      had no effect on the pause in responding that occurred after water delivery. The
      8.0-mg dose lengthened the pause by approximately 9000% and 650% when given 15
      and 30 min prior to a session, respectively, but by less than 50% when given 60
      or 120 min pre-session. Cocaine effects depend on the dose as well as the time of
      its administration prior to testing.

PMID- 1197575
TI  - Differential effects of methylphenidate on reticular formation and thalamic
      neuronal activity.
AB  - Intravenous administration of methylphenidate (1 or 2 mg/kg) markedly attenuated
      the unit discharge rate in the mesencephalic reticular formation of rats and
      cats. Concurrently this drug enhanced the neural activity in the primary sensory
      nuclei of the thalamus. The differential effect of methylphenidate on these two
      neural systems suggest a possible mechanism by which it may improve attentive
      processes in hyperkinesis.

PMID- 1197576
TI  - The effects of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), 2,5-dimethoxy-4
      ethylamphetamine (DOET), d-amphetamine, and cocaine in rats trained with
      mescaline as a discriminative stimulus.
AB  - The effects of mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylethylamine), a hallucinogen, can
      function as a discriminative stimulus in appropriately trained rats. As a test of
      the hypothesis that those pharmacologic properties which distinguish
      hallucinogens and non-hallucinogens in man are reflected in distinctive stimuli
      in rats, the present experiments examined the effects of 2,5-dimethoxy-4
      methylamphetamine (DOM), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOET), d-amphetamine,
      and cocaine in rats trained with mescaline as a discriminative stimulus.
      Administration of a range of doses of DOM and DOET to subjects in which saline
      functioned as SD and mescaline as Sdelta revealed that a dose of 0.3 mg of either
      DOM or DOET was equivalent to the training dose of mescaline. When tested in rats
      in which mescaline served as SD, DOM and DOET were likewise found to mimic
      mescaline. In contrast, doses of d-amphetamine and cocaine (1 and 30 mg/kg,
      respectively) which were equivalent to the training dose of mescaline as Sdelta,
      did not result in responding appropriate for the mescaline condition when
      mescaline was trained as SD. When DOET (0.3 mg/kg) was substituted for saline as
      Sdelta, no evidence of discriminated responding was obtained in the course of 50
      sessions. The present data, in conjunction with previous observations, suggest
      that those effects of mescaline in the rat which function as a discriminative
      stimulus are better correlated with pre-hallucinogenic LSD-like activity in man
      then with hallucinogenic activity per se. Thus, these effects in rats represent a
      necessary but not a sufficient condition for prediction of hallucinogenic
      activity in man.

PMID- 1197577
TI  - The effects of metiamide on the "activity-stress" ulcer in rats.
AB  - Forty rats were housed in standard activity wheel cages and fed for only 1 hr per
      day. The animals were equally divided into 4 groups that received either saline,
      12.5 mg/kg, 25.0 mg/kg or 50.0 mg/kg of metiamide, an H2 receptor antagonist, 3
      times a day. All animals died within 11 days and all demonstrated significant
      gastric lesions in the glandular fundus of the stomach. The 50.0 mg/kg dosage
      group, however, demonstrated significantly fewer ulcers than the saline animals
      and the lesions that did occur were significantly smaller than those noted in the
      control animals. Several hypotheses were offered to explain these results which
      took into account metiamide's effects on gastric secretion and motor activity. It
      was suggested that secretion of acid may be an important contributing factor in
      the formation of gastric ulcers in animals subjected to the "activity-stress"
      procedure.

PMID- 1197578
TI  - Cocaine and amphetamine modification of cerebral energy metabolism in vivo.
AB  - At the time of maximal behavioral stimulation after injection of amphetamine (5
      mg/kg) in mice, elevation of cerebral cortical levels of malate in the citric
      acid cycle and of the amino acid, alanine, was observed, suggesting that this
      drug has widespread effects on energy metabolism. Cocaine (20 mg/kg), in
      contrast, produced elevation of brain glucose but not of citric acid cycle
      substrates or amino acids at the time of maximal hyperactivity. These
      observations are discussed in terms of the mechanisms of action of these two
      central nervous system stimulants.

PMID- 1197579
TI  - The reliability of the hole-board apparatus.
AB  - Two aspects of the reliability of the hole-board apparatus were investigated-the
      similarity between scores of different samples of the same population on their
      first exposure to the apparatus, and the test-retest reliability. Rats and mice
      were given a 5-min exposure to the hole-board and then retested for 5 min after
      1, 2 or 8 days. Male rats and mice showed good initial exposure reliability,
      whereas the female mouse groups differed significantly. All animals showed a
      positive test-retest correlation (range 0.31-0.78), but a homogeneous group (e.g.
      all animals habituating) produced higher correlations (range 0.60-0.99).
      Comparison of scores on the two 5-min exposures showed that not all groups showed
      significant habituation, but the animals exposed to the hole-board for two 10-min
      periods showed both significant habituation and test-retest reliability.

PMID- 1197580
TI  - Validity of head-dipping as a measure of exploration in a modified hole-board.
AB  - To determine whether head-dipping could be validated as a measure of exploration
      a modified hole-board was developed with four holes in the floor, under which
      novel objects could be placed. Two criteria for considering head-dipping as a
      measure of exploration were proposed: firstly that it should reflect novel
      aspects of the environment; secondly, that exposure to the hole-board should
      result in information storage. That head-dipping reflected novelty was indicated
      by the longer duration of head-dips on initial exposure if objects were present,
      and also on a second exposure when objects were introduced for the first time.
      Information storage was indicated by habituation on re-exposure to the hole
      board. A significant positive correlation between head-dipping in the "four" and
      "sixteen" hole-boards was obtained for rats, but not for mice. This provided some
      indirect evidence that rat head-dipping in the "sixteen hole-board" also reflects
      exploration. (+)Amphetamine and alcohol were tested in the modified hole-board,
      and (+)amphetamine decreased and alcohol increased the frequency and duration of
      head-dips.

PMID- 1197581
TI  - Response suppression in rats: a comparison of response-contingent and
      noncontingent punishment and the effect of the minor tranquilizer,
      chlordiazepoxide.
AB  - A comparison of the behavioural effects of response-contingent and noncontingent
      shock was carried out in a series of experiments examining (a) suppression of an
      operant response (lever-pressing); (b) release from suppression following
      injection of the minor tranquilizer chlordiazepoxide, and (c) suppression of
      behaviour in a situation not associated with shock. The major findings were that
      response-contingent shock produced far greater suppression of the operant
      response than did noncontingent shock, as well as greater suppression of
      behaviour in a neutral environment following the shock experience.
      Chlordiazepoxide was found to be far more effective in releasing behaviour from
      suppression when shock was response-contingent than when shock was noncontingent,
      a result which does not appear to reflect simply the greater suppression produced
      by response-contingent shock. A discussion of methodology and interpretations in
      this field, suggests why discrpancies have arisen in the past.

PMID- 1197582
TI  - Chlordiazepoxide and isolation induced timidity in rats.
AB  - The effects of chlordiazepoxide (CDP) on emergence behavior was examined in
      socially reared and isolation reared rats. It was found that low doses of CDP
      decreased the emergence times of isolated animals but had little effect on the
      emergence of social animals. At higher doses the drug retarded emergence in all
      groups but there were no differential effects. The results do not support claims
      that rearing conditions influence the susceptability of rats to CNS depressants,
      rather they suggest that particular levels of CDP selectively influence
      "emotional" behavior.

PMID- 1197583
TI  - Morphine enhancement of shuttle avoidance prevented by alpha-methyltyrosine.
AB  - Rats were given 6 days of training (180 trials) to make a two-way (shuttle)
      avoidance response. "Poor performers" making less than 50% avoidances in the 6th
      block of 30 tials were given drug treatments on the next 2 days. Both morphine
      sulfate (15 mg/kg) and d-amphetamine sulfate (1 mg/kg) increased the avoidance
      level by 70-100%. Prior treatment with alpha-methyltyrosine (50 mg/kg) prevented
      the effects of both drugs. Nalorphine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) also blocked the
      effect of morphine. The action of alpha-methyltyrosine to block enhancement of
      avoidance is taken to indicate that this effect of morphine is attributable to a
      catecholamine-dependent excitatory component of its activity profile.

PMID- 1197584
TI  - The effects of tranquillizing drugs on timing behaviour in rats.
AB  - Timing behaviour was generated in rats by a schedule which required responses to
      be spaced at least 15 sec apart in order for them to produce food reinforcement
      (DRL 15 sec). The behaviour maintained by this schedule was then studied after
      administration of chlordiazepoxide, phenobarbitone and chlorpromazine. Several
      doses of both chlordiazepoxide and phenobarbitone were found to disrupt timing
      behaviour by increasing overall response rates although the highest dose of each
      of these two drugs produced sedative effects. Chlorpromazine produced mainly a
      decrease in overall response rates. Analysis of performance in terms of
      interresponse times (IRTs) showed that both chlordiazepoxide and phenobarbitone
      markedly increased the percentage of IRTs less than 1.5 sec in duration (response
      bursts). Chlorpromazine had no consistent effect on response bursts. Reduction of
      the animals' body weights from 85% to 75% of their preexperimental levels had no
      effect on operant performance, suggesting that the effects of the drugs were
      probably not due to actions on motivational processes.

PMID- 1197585
TI  - Assessing the aversiveness of intracranial stimulation.
AB  - A comparison was made between rats' performance to escape intracranial
      stimulation in a shuttle-box, two-lever box and a single-lever Sidman avoidance
      situation. The former two tasks also provided concurrent rate-independent
      measures of the rewarding properties of ICS. The rate-independent measures of
      aversion (latency to escape ICS) obtained in the shuttle-box and two-lever task
      were significantly correlated with each other but were not significantly
      correlated with the lever-press rates on Sidman avoidance. A number of animals
      that would not lever-press to initiate ICS would perform the locomotor response
      very vigorously to initiate the same ICS suggesting that even rate-independent
      lever-press measures may not accurately reflect the motivational characteristics
      of ICS. These data are discussed in the context of the problem as to why animals
      escape rewarding ICS and it is suggested that the escape behaviour is an
      independent phenomenon which merits further study in its own right.

PMID- 1197586
TI  - Effect of chlorpromazine on the interaction between phasic and tonic
      electrocortical arousal mechanisms.
AB  - The effect of chlorpromazine on the rate of habituation of phasic arousal
      responses has been studied in cats carrying permanently implanted cortical
      recording electrodes. In the sleeping animal repeated presentation of an auditory
      stimulus (1 sec duration, 3000 Hz) at intensities which only produced a
      localised, phasic electrocortical change in the auditory cortex, resulted in the
      rapid habituation of this latter response. Once habituation had occurred the
      intensity of the stimulus was increased until a similar change in electrocortical
      activity once again appeared in the auditory cortex. The habituation procedure
      was then repeated. In this way it was possible to habituate the animal gradually
      to successively higher intensities of auditory stimulation without ever inducing
      behavioural arousal or tonic, generalised changes in electrocortical activity.
      Indeed, it was possible to reach a level of stimulation which previously would
      have induced overt behavioural effects and tonic arousal. It may be concluded
      that alterations in the activity of the mechanisms responsible for phasic
      electrocortical responses leads to changes in the responsiveness of the animal
      even during sleep. Following chlorpromazine phasic electrocortical responses were
      still elicited but their rate of habituation was significantly increased. Thus
      the overall effect of chlorpromazine was a marked shortening in the time taken to
      "train" the animal while still asleep, not to respond behaviourally or with tonic
      electrocortical changes to a particular auditory stimulus.

PMID- 1197587
TI  - Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase and protein phosphorylation in the rat
      caudate nucleus.

PMID- 1197588
TI  - Behavioural sequelae of dopaminergic degeneration: postsynaptic supersensitivity?

PMID- 1197589
TI  - A novel approach to quantitative determination of subnanomoles of psychoactive
      drugs in blood.

PMID- 1197590
TI  - A contribution to psychoactive drug measurement techniques.

PMID- 1197592
TI  - Conceptual implications of drug and nonsomatic treatment interaction studies.

PMID- 1197591
TI  - Plasma levels of imipramine and clinical outcome.

PMID- 1197593
TI  - Psychometric studies of aging and intelligence.

PMID- 1197594
TI  - Cerebral circulation and metabolism in the aged.

PMID- 1197595
TI  - Structural and chemical changes of the aged human brain.

PMID- 1197596
TI  - Experimental pathophysiology and pharmacology in basic research of the aging
      brain.

PMID- 1197598
TI  - Strategies of basic research in development of drugs.

PMID- 1197597
TI  - Response of the elderly to psychotrophic drugs: predictable or idiosyncratic?

PMID- 1197599
TI  - Evaluation of psychopathology in bilinguals.

PMID- 1197600
TI  - Evaluating social dysfunction in psychiatric disorder: some considerations for
      cross-cultural and cross-demographic comparisons.

PMID- 1197601
TI  - Psychotropic action of sex hormones.

PMID- 1197602
TI  - Psychopharmacology of the circulatory system.

PMID- 1197603
TI  - Discovery of "specific" CNS effects of lisuride hydrogen maleate--an antimigraine
      compound.

PMID- 1197604
TI  - Social psychiatry and psychosomatics.

PMID- 1197605
TI  - The menopause: reward or punishment?

PMID- 1197606
TI  - The Oriental version of transactional analysis.

PMID- 1197607
TI  - Emotional illness and the family physician. (III Directions for continuing
      education).

PMID- 1197608
TI  - Factors of adjustment in chronic hemodialysis patients.

PMID- 1197609
TI  - The Society of Community Medicine: presidential address--1975. The changing face
      of community medicine.

PMID- 1197610
TI  - Criteria for rehousing on medical grounds.

PMID- 1197611
TI  - Influence on contact tracing on sex ratios in gonorrhoea.

PMID- 1197612
TI  - A clinical study of skin cancer: genetic and environmental interactions.

PMID- 1197613
TI  - Tuberculin sensitivity in South London infant school children.

PMID- 1197614
TI  - Child health clinics--an evaluation of consumer reaction.

PMID- 1197615
TI  - Effects of lowered temperature on time estimation.

PMID- 1197616
TI  - The Poggendorff illusion: apparent misalignment which is not attributable to
      apparent orientation of the transversals.

PMID- 1197617
TI  - Binocular stimulation and the fragmentation of after-images.

PMID- 1197618
TI  - Reduced efficiency and capacity limitations in multidimension signal recognition.

PMID- 1197619
TI  - The selective impairment of semantic memory.

PMID- 1197620
TI  - The respective role of limb and eye movements in the haptic and visual Muller
      Lyer illusion.

PMID- 1197621
TI  - Symposium on the distributions of secondary electrons from ionizing collisions.
      Introduction and summary.

PMID- 1197622
TI  - Ionizing collisions of electrons with atoms and molecules.

PMID- 1197624
TI  - Mechanisms of electron production in ion-atom collisions.

PMID- 1197623
TI  - Energy deposition by electrons and degradation spectra.

PMID- 1197625
TI  - Electron slowing-down spectra in solids.

PMID- 1197626
TI  - Displaced electron energies and the "shake-down" effect.

PMID- 1197627
TI  - "Photoelectron" spectroscopy by electron impact. Coincidence studies of scattered
      and ejected electrons.

PMID- 1197628
TI  - The nature of secondary electrons created as the result of electron shake-off and
      vacancy cascades.

PMID- 1197629
TI  - Ionization yields in gases under electron irradiation.

PMID- 1197630
TI  - Measurements of the energy and angular distribution of secondary electrons.

PMID- 1197631
TI  - Energy and angular distributions of electrons from atoms and molecules by
      electron impact.

PMID- 1197632
TI  - Energy distribution of secondary electrons.

PMID- 1197633
TI  - Energy distribution of secondary electrons. II. Normalization and extrapolation
      of experimental data.

PMID- 1197634
TI  - Platzman's analysis of the delivery of radiation energy to molecules.

PMID- 1197635
TI  - The mode of reaction of O-radical with aromatic systems.

PMID- 1197636
TI  - The induction of lambda-prophage by ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1197637
TI  - RBE as a function of neutron energy. I. Experimental observations.

PMID- 1197638
TI  - The effect of extreme hypoxia on the repair of DNA single-strand breaks in
      mammalian cells.

PMID- 1197639
TI  - Radiation-induced DNA strand breaks and their rejoining in crypt and villous
      cells of the small intestine of the mouse.

PMID- 1197640
TI  - Thymic regeneration in lethally x-irradiated mice.

PMID- 1197641
TI  - Estimation of life times and diffusion distances of radicals involved in x-ray
      induced DNA strand breaks of killing of mammalian cells.

PMID- 1197642
TI  - Involvement of hydroxyl radicals in the release by ionizing radiation of a cell
      surface nuclease from Micrococcus radiodurans.

PMID- 1197643
TI  - Dose rate, mitotic cycle duration, and sensitivity of cell transitions from G1
      leads to S and G2 leads to M to protracted gamma radiation in root meristems.

PMID- 1197644
TI  - On the Class "A" fission-neutron irradiation of small laboratory animals.

PMID- 1197645
TI  - The inactivation of Chinese hamster cells by x rays: synchronized and exponential
      cell populations.

PMID- 1197647
TI  - Letter: Origin of cell surface proteins released from Micrococcus radiodurans by
      ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1197646
TI  - The inactivation of Chinese hamster cells by x rays: the effects of chemical
      modifiers on single- and double-events.

PMID- 1197648
TI  - Letter: Modification of radiation lethality by previous treatment with butylated
      hydroxytoluene.

PMID- 1197649
TI  - Increased 144Ce uptake in fetal rats after the addition of carrier.

PMID- 1197650
TI  - Letter: Beta emission from encapsulated sources of californium-252.

PMID- 1197651
TI  - The dependence of self-focusing of a high-intensity pulsed electron beam on
      gaseous media as studied by depth-dose distributions. III. Hydrocarbons and
      halogenomethanes.

PMID- 1197652
TI  - Radiation chemical studies of the sensitizer Diamide.

PMID- 1197654
TI  - Tritiated-thymidine induced changes in cell population kinetics in root meristems
      of Pisum sativum.

PMID- 1197653
TI  - Response of femoral and vertebral colony-forming units to 226Ra internal
      contamination in mice.

PMID- 1197655
TI  - Immunotherapy with neuraminidase-treated tumor cells after radiotherapy.

PMID- 1197656
TI  - The design of an experiment to study leukemogenesis in mice irradiated by
      energetic heavy ions.

PMID- 1197657
TI  - Accumulation of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid by rat tissues after whole-body gamma
      irradiation.

PMID- 1197658
TI  - The radiotoxicity of iodine-125 in mammalian cells. I. Effects on the survival
      curve of radioiodine incorporated into DNA.

PMID- 1197659
TI  - A study of the cavity displacement effect in "thimble chambers" using LiF
      dosimeters.

PMID- 1197660
TI  - Cure of a solid tumor by simultaneous administration of microwaves and x-ray
      irradiation.

PMID- 1197661
TI  - Effect of heat and radiation on synchronous Chinese hamster cells: killing and
      repair.

PMID- 1197662
TI  - Radiation-induced increased melanosis in crustacean shellfish.

PMID- 1197663
TI  - Selective radiosensitization of the hypoxic cells of mouse tumors with the
      nitroimidazoles metronidazole and Ro 7-0582.

PMID- 1197664
TI  - X-ray-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary, human HeLa,
      and Mouse L cells.

PMID- 1197666
TI  - The XR-35 motion picture film analyser.

PMID- 1197665
TI  - Letter: The effects of gamma radiation on solutions of acetylcholineasterase.

PMID- 1197667
TI  - Evaluation of Gecomat.

PMID- 1197668
TI  - [Whiplash injury (author's transl)].
AB  - The whiplash injury is the result of a collision from behind in the motorized
      street traffic. The impact in the rear of the vehicle causes a sudden thrust to
      of the head and cervical spine in dorsal direction. The result is a shear effect
      of the cervical spine. Pathologically, this is characterized by hematoma of the
      capsules of the joints of the vertebral arches and contents of intervertebral
      foramina. Tears of discs and vertebral fractures are usually absent. The
      prognosis is good.

PMID- 1197669
TI  - [Orthopaedic treatment of whiplash injuries of the cervical spine (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Short review of the different types of propulsion injuries of the cervical spine
      in acute and chronic cases. The basic principles of the therapy as well as the
      different techniques of physiotherapy, orthesis and surgical treatment and
      described.

PMID- 1197670
TI  - [Whiplash injuries of the cervical spine and Swiss insurance against accidents
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The indemnity for the consequences of a whiplash injury on the cervical spine by
      the Swiss Insurance against Accidents is discussed. The number of these cases can
      be only roughly extimated. We can calculate yearly with about 600 distortions of
      the cervical spine resulting from motoring accidents. The definition of the
      whiplash injury is defined on the base of recent German literature. The supposed
      mechanical assumptions for a lesion of the cervical spine are based mainly on the
      works of Erdmann (Frandfurt). The relations between the lesion of the cervical
      spine an the rebound injuries of the skull are discussed. The significance of the
      preexistent degenerative alterations of the cervical spine in the whiplash injury
      and the problem of the psychogenic superposition are presented by means of 46
      observed cases.

PMID- 1197671
TI  - [Radiological study of osteoarticular lesions secondary to cervical trauma
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The radiological study of the traumatic cervical spine must often be undertaken
      in two different ways depending on the time of examination. In patients severely
      involved, no manipulations can be undertaken during the acute state. Later on in
      these patients, as well as in those not so deeply involved, a thorough
      radiological investigation may be performed, e.g. in sitting position. The
      characteristics of both types are reviewed. Various syndromes are then considered
      following the different mechanisms of production.

PMID- 1197672
TI  - [The post-traumatic cervical syndrome. The whiplash injury. Symptoms, diagnosis,
      treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - The post-traumatic cervical syndrome (PTCS) is analysed in 61 cases. the
      symptomatology can be local (neck pain), cervicocephalic (traumatic
      vertebrobasilar insufficiency), cervicobrachialgic and also in some cases
      cervicomedullar. The PTCS is classified into the injuries of the cervical spine
      with vascular lesions: these injuries may induce severe or benign osteoarticular
      lesions on the one hand, sevre or reversible vascular lesions on the other hand.
      All these combinations are studied. The diagnosis of the PTCS is established by
      vertebral angiography. The surgical treatment according to the authors consists
      in freeing the vertebral artery or cervical nerve roots by uncusectomy or
      uncoforaminectomy. The results of these operations are analysed; they are very
      successful.

PMID- 1197673
TI  - [New aspects in the treatment of breast cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - The specific treatment of primary breast carcinoma in the future may depend on
      viral genes in the development of antiviral substances, or a specific
      chemotherapeutic method. In this manner the turnover rate of the RNS virus is
      successfully inhibited (as the preceding communicated observations about the
      probably produced inhibition effect of rifampicin derivates of streptovarizin
      complexes). Prophylactically, by familiar breast cancer, breast feeding must be
      prohibited so that a supposed virus factor would not transfer with the milk. So
      far we hope that a supposed virus diagnosis of the primary tumor leads to
      decreased surgical interventions (tumorectomy, radical mastectomy), and technical
      as well as high energy postradiotherapy. This would not only give a smaller
      psychologic shock to the patient (small operation trauma) but would also decrease
      the complications (arm edema, movement restriction). This opinion now appears to
      effect international thinking after radical and subradical surgery have not given
      better results. For the late stage there is modern chemotherapy, combined with
      proper radiotherapy treatment of painful skeletal metastases, eventually also
      brain metastases which can now be successfully irradiated. Whether better late
      results are obtained by the early chemotherapy as well as the improvement of the
      immunity reaction quickly after sugical intervention (modified radical
      mastectomy) will be seen in the near future.

PMID- 1197674
TI  - [Surgical treatment of breast cancer. Present problems (author's transl)].
AB  - The protocol of surgical treatment of breast cancer at the Institut Gustave
      Roussy is presented. The long-term results concerning 1,002 patients treated
      according to this protocol are reported. Considering these results, the place of
      extended mastectomy and of conservative procedures is discussed. The necessity of
      randomized trails to appreciate the real value of the different treatements is
      emphasized, and two international trials proposed by the Institut Gustave-Roussy
      are briefly described.

PMID- 1197675
TI  - [Small breast cancer and radiotherapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Small breast cancer is not a clear entity and is often very difficult to classify
      (e.g. TNM). The role of radiotherapy is far from being generally accepted; it is
      now clear that the smaller the tumor is, the better are its chances to be cured
      by X-rays. The first step after diagnosis is the search for distant metastases.
      That postoperative radiotherapy increases the risk of distant metastases remains
      to be proved and clinical trials are under way. At the present time, the
      treatment of breast cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach.

PMID- 1197676
TI  - [Radiotherapy of mammary cancer related to tumor size, tumor localization and
      surgical management (author's transl)].
AB  - Postoperative irradiation of the regional lymphatics is indicated when suspected
      positive lymph nodes remain after mastectomy. Postoperative chest wall
      irradiation is carried out in cases where staging of the tumor is T-3 and T-4. A
      local tumor control can be achieved with irradiation as the only means of
      therapy. Preoperative radiotherapy seems to lead to favorable results and should
      be encouraged in cases of advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 1197677
TI  - [Systemic chemotherapy of early breast cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - The management of early cancer of the female breast still remains an unsolved
      problem. Current information on the spread of the disease indicates that
      metastases are present in one quarter of the patients even if thorough clinical
      investigation reveals local tumor invasion only. There is no substantial evidence
      that unproved surgical or radiotherapeutical procedures in the future might
      improve cure rates. Cytostatic chemotherapy given early in the course of the
      disease, i.e. following surgery of a primary breast cancer, therefore, has been
      advocated. Arguments pro and con postoperative chemotherapy are discussed.

PMID- 1197678
TI  - [Pretherapeutic evaluation of bone matastases in patients with potentially
      curable breast cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - A pretherapeutic evaluation of skeletal metastases should be carried out in all
      patients with proven mammary cancer including early stages. The scintigraphy is
      more reliable for detecting bone metastases than the conventional
      roentgenological survey. We recommend to employ complementally skeletall
      scintigraphy and conventional X-ray survey in the search for bone tumors.
      Negative scintigraphical results do not require any supplementary research. In
      case of a pathological scan or skeletal pain, a target roentgneological
      examination should be carried out to differentiate between benign diseases and
      neoplatic lesions.

PMID- 1197679
TI  - Abdominal lymphography with radiogold 198Au-colloid in malignant lymphoma and
      metastases of various neoplasms.

PMID- 1197680
TI  - [1st experiences with the determination of whole body-water in patients with
      various degree of renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1197681
TI  - Comparative studies in the glomerular filtration, the effective renal plasma flow
      and ING by some chronic renal diseases.

PMID- 1197682
TI  - The isotope-nephrography in hypertonic disease.

PMID- 1197683
TI  - [Animal experimental studies on the information content of isotope nephrogram on
      compensatory hyperplasia in unilaterally functionless kidney (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197684
TI  - [99m Technetium-labelled tetracycline for kidney scintigraphy (animal experiment
      studies and 1st clinical experiences)].

PMID- 1197685
TI  - [Preparation of 125 iodine-labelled insulin and glucagon with improved
      immunoreactivity using chloramin T with the exclusion of metabisulphite].

PMID- 1197686
TI  - [Contribution to radioimmunological gastrin determination (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197687
TI  - [On the organic stage of iodine metabolism in pregnant women and fetuses
      according to examination results with isotopes in vitro (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197688
TI  - [Value and limitations of myeloscintigraphy].

PMID- 1197689
TI  - [Liquor space diagnosis using 99m Tc-HSA, 131 I-HSA or 169 Yb-Ca-DTPA].

PMID- 1197690
TI  - Our early experience in use of 99mTc pertechnetate and pho gamma camera system in
      diagnosis of brain tumours.

PMID- 1197692
TI  - [Comparison of angiographic and scintigraphic results in the diagnosis of soft
      part tumors].

PMID- 1197691
TI  - [Heterozygote test using 64 Cu in Wilson's disease].

PMID- 1197693
TI  - [The diagnostical value of pancreas scintigraphy in diabetes mellitus (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197694
TI  - Dosimetry considerations in cyclotron-produced 99mTc.

PMID- 1197695
TI  - [Pancreas function diagnosis with 75Se-methionine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197696
TI  - [Sequential angiocardioscintigraphy using the gamma camera].

PMID- 1197697
TI  - [Synopsis of x-ray diagnosis of acute occlusion of the mesenteric vessels].

PMID- 1197698
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities of selective arteriography in colonic diseases].

PMID- 1197699
TI  - [On the movements of cardiac surfaces (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197700
TI  - [Complex radiological detection of metastases and complications in oesphageal
      carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197701
TI  - [Possibilities in the combined use of angio- and scientigraphy in the diagnosis
      of neck tumors].

PMID- 1197702
TI  - [Quantitative judgement of localized pneumoemphysema before and after operation
      by means of grid photometric method (atuhor's transl)].

PMID- 1197703
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of the birth injuries of the spinal cord].

PMID- 1197704
TI  - [Comparative estimation of methods of radiological examination of the ribs
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197705
TI  - [99mTc from a diffusion generator (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197706
TI  - [Thyroid function diagnosis after strumectomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197707
TI  - A learning experience in patient care.

PMID- 1197708
TI  - Role of a University Medical Center in the education of radiologic technologists:
      advanced education in radiologic technology.
AB  - The development of new and sophisticated imaging equipment, the rapidly changing
      medical diagnostic techniques, and larger and busier radiology departments put
      increasingly heavy demands on radiologic technologists. To cope with these
      demands, superficial knowledge and experience is not enough. The technologist who
      wished to advance on the career ladder must have more solid facts at his disposal
      and know how and when to use them if he is to perform efficiently and
      satisfactorily. The program described here provides a type of education that will
      permit the technologist to so advance with a feeling of security in the knowledge
      that he has the foundation needed to meet the challenges of his profession.

PMID- 1197709
TI  - Importance of horizontal beam for lateral view of skull in pediatric radiography.

PMID- 1197710
TI  - Allied health occupations wage and fringe benefit data.

PMID- 1197711
TI  - JRC profile of education in radiologic technology.

PMID- 1197712
TI  - [Radiological diagnostic of retroperitoneal extrarenal tumors in childhood
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This reports about 54 children suffering from retroperitoneal tumors excluding
      renal tumors. Characteristic radiological findings of neuroblastomas,
      pheochromocytomas, suprarenal carcinomas, adenomas, and teratomas are discussed.
      The diagnosis is made by the following roentgenological investigations:
      intravenous urography via the V. cava as "Cavo-Urography" or infusion urography
      (including zonography), sonography and nuclear medicine studies. Arteriography,
      pneumoretroperitoneum and lymphography are indicated if the primary tumor is
      unknown, in order to reveal suspected metastases, to decide about operability and
      for controlling radiotherapy. Further radiological examinations are made
      depending on the type of the metastasis.

PMID- 1197713
TI  - [Contribution to diagnostic radiology of tumors of the adrenal glands (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Diagnostic radiological procedures in tumors of the adrenals are demonstrated and
      correlated to their clinical symptoms. Radiographic findings and special symptoms
      are described in 21 cases. Various investigative methods are demonstrated and
      their diagnostic value and approach in cases of adrenal diseases are debated.
      Differential diagnostic problems of tumors of the adrenals are discussed also.

PMID- 1197714
TI  - [Technique and results in adrenal phlebography (author's transl)].
AB  - Following a brief description of the anatomy of the adrenal gland the technique
      of adrenal phlebography is explained. So far this method has been used in 118
      patients. This examination is indicated in cases with suspected hormon - active
      disease of the adrenal glands and to rule out spaceoccupying lesions as well as
      metastases in the adrenal gland. Characteristic radiologic findings are
      demonstrated. Causes for complications of this method and their possible
      prevention are discussed.

PMID- 1197715
TI  - [Contribution to the radiological diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal sarcomas
      in adults (author's transl)].
AB  - Modern radiological procedures to diagnose rare tumors of the retroperitoneal
      space and especially of the mesenchyma are discussed. Previous publications are
      considered and five own new cases are described (2 spindle-cell sarcomas, 1
      reticulo-sarcoma, 1 fibrochondroblastic sarcoma, 1 teratogenic sarcoma). Since
      retroperitoneal sarcomas are in most cases detected very late, results of surgery
      and radiation therapy as prognosis of these diseases are very poor. The value of
      different radiological investigations and their significance for early
      recognition of these tumors are emphasized. In patients with obscure abdominal
      symptoms knowledge about retroperitoneal sarcomas and their differential
      diagnosis is important. In consequence, special diagnostic procedures and therapy
      will become more successful.

PMID- 1197716
TI  - [Ureteral obstruction caused by the right ovarian vein (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of a right sided ureteral obstruction is reported. This may be interpreted
      as ovarian vein syndrome. It demonstrates that not only aberrant renal arteries
      but also atypically running veins may produce ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 1197717
TI  - Uses and abuses of vitamin therapy.

PMID- 1197718
TI  - Toxic nephropathy due to drugs.

PMID- 1197719
TI  - The role of vasopressin in memory processes.

PMID- 1197720
TI  - Behavioral and electrographic changes in rat and man after MSH.

PMID- 1197721
TI  - Effects of lysine-8-vasopressin on punishment-induced suppression of a lever
      holding response.

PMID- 1197722
TI  - Phosphorylation of proteins from the brains of mice subjected to short-term
      behavioral experiences.

PMID- 1197723
TI  - Avoidance performance and plasma corticosteroid levels in previously
      undernourished mice.

PMID- 1197724
TI  - Mediation of epinephrine effects on memory processes by alpha- and beta
      receptors.

PMID- 1197725
TI  - Limbic structures and behavior: endocrine correlates.

PMID- 1197726
TI  - Central inhibitory noradrenergic cardiovascular control.

PMID- 1197727
TI  - Relationships of perception, cognition, suggestion and operant conditioning in
      essential hypertension.

PMID- 1197728
TI  - Effect of the renin-angiotensin system on sodium appetite.

PMID- 1197729
TI  - Physiological mechanisms involved in psychological stress.

PMID- 1197730
TI  - Inhibition of adrenocortical responses following sciatic nerve stimulation in
      rats with complete and partial hypothalamic deafferentation.

PMID- 1197731
TI  - Aggression and psychoneuroendocrine factors.

PMID- 1197732
TI  - Disturbances of homeostasis by heat stress or aging and its treatment with
      minidoses of MAO blockers.

PMID- 1197733
TI  - Interactions of self-stimulation behavior and some humoral factors.

PMID- 1197734
TI  - Changes in the EEG during menstrual cycle of women with and without oral
      contraceptives.

PMID- 1197735
TI  - Variations of performance in psychological tests during the menstrual cycle in
      women with and without oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1197736
TI  - Mechanism of reserpine-induced changes in the pituitary-gonadal axis in rats.

PMID- 1197737
TI  - Influence of hypothalamic extract on the uptake of steroid hormones by the
      anterior pituitary gland in rats.

PMID- 1197738
TI  - Metabolism of androstenedione and testosterone in human fetal brain.

PMID- 1197739
TI  - Sensitizing effects of androgen and photoperiod on hypothalamic mechanisms of
      sexual behavior.

PMID- 1197740
TI  - Inhibition effects of "neo-natal" estrogenization on the sexual behavior of the
      male rat and modifications of the genital tract.

PMID- 1197741
TI  - Light and social exposure: complimentary effect on pituitary gonadal function.

PMID- 1197742
TI  - The role of growth hormone in brain development and behavior.

PMID- 1197743
TI  - Preliminary report on behavioral (Beh) change in a 2-year-old boy with precocious
      puberty (PP) following L-DOPA (D) treatment.

PMID- 1197744
TI  - Psychoendocrine problems in patients with a late diagnosis of congenital adrenal
      hyperplasia: observations in a case of bilateral pseudocryptorchidism (female
      pseudohermaphroditism).

PMID- 1197745
TI  - Glucose-insulin metabolism in chronic schizophrenia.

PMID- 1197746
TI  - Metabolism of cerebral peptides of physiological importance.

PMID- 1197747
TI  - The effect of epinephrine on liver 5-nucleotidase.

PMID- 1197748
TI  - Sleep-endocrinology studies in man.

PMID- 1197749
TI  - A critical approach to the evaluation of automated systems in clinical chemistry.

PMID- 1197750
TI  - Designing your laboratory.

PMID- 1197751
TI  - The case for colorimetric two-point stopped-enzyme-activity determinations
      exhibiting zero-order reactions.
AB  - A careful assessment is made of the relative merits of the two common approaches
      to enzyme determinations: the so-called kinetic and the two-point colorimetric. A
      plea is made for a pluralistic approach to the selection of enzyme methods based
      on a full understanding of the modalities of each procedure. A rational approach
      to clinical enzymology demands an intellignet choice of methods, irrespective of
      mode, that will best suit a particular laboratory situation.

PMID- 1197752
TI  - Trends in cancer patient survival rates.

PMID- 1197753
TI  - Epidemiology of melanoma.

PMID- 1197754
TI  - Factors influencing prognosis in malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1197755
TI  - The regional lymph nodes in malignant melanoma: is routine excision indicated?

PMID- 1197756
TI  - Amelanotic melanoma.

PMID- 1197757
TI  - The surgical management of melanoma metastatic to the lung: problems in diagnosis
      and management.

PMID- 1197758
TI  - Cancer in organ transplant recipients.

PMID- 1197759
TI  - Present accomplishments of cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 1197760
TI  - Combined therapy in advanced head and neck cancer: hydroxyurea and radiotherapy.

PMID- 1197761
TI  - Coordinated treatment of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.

PMID- 1197762
TI  - Integrated therapy for Ewing's sarcoma.

PMID- 1197763
TI  - Infection of neonates and infants with the hepatitis B virus.

PMID- 1197765
TI  - Colchicine and colcemid binding components of the fungus Saprolegnia ferax.

PMID- 1197764
TI  - The effect of antimicrotubule agents on the growth and ultrastructure of the
      fungus Saprolegnia ferax and their ineffectiveness in disrupting hyphal
      microtubules.

PMID- 1197766
TI  - Protein kinase of Acetabularia.

PMID- 1197767
TI  - The ultrastructure of reproduction in the brown alga Pylaiella littoralis. I.
      Mitosis and cytokinesis in the plurilocular gametangia.

PMID- 1197768
TI  - [On the rotation of fibrils in the synura-flagellum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197769
TI  - Electron and light microscopy of gametogenesis and gamete fusion in Chlamydomonas
      reinhardii.

PMID- 1197770
TI  - The quiescent centre in excised roots of Pisum sativum L.

PMID- 1197771
TI  - Cell division in the pennate diatom Diatoma vulgare.

PMID- 1197772
TI  - Studies on the effects of alcohols on membrane water permeability of Nitella.

PMID- 1197773
TI  - Evidence for a species-specific cell fusion hormone in red algae.

PMID- 1197774
TI  - Membrane-bounded cisternae associated with the chromosomes at first meiotic
      metaphase in microsporocytes of Rhoeo spathacea.

PMID- 1197775
TI  - Evidence of a large, ramified mitochondrium in Chlamydomonas reinhardii.

PMID- 1197776
TI  - [Electronmicroscopical demonstration of the subpellicular location of the
      silverline system in Colpidium colpoda (Ciliata, Tetrahymenidae) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197777
TI  - [Experiental investigations into cytomorphogenesis in Micrasterias thomasiana and
      Micrasterias denticulata breb. under the influence of actinomycin D and ethidium
      bromide. I. Light-microscope investigations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197778
TI  - Effect of PGF2 alpha and 15(S)-15-methyl PGE2 methyl ester on feline generalized
      penicillin epilepsy.
AB  - The effect of PGF2alpha and 15(S)-15-methyl PGE2 methyl ester on transient
      generalized epilepsy in the cat induced by penicillin was examined. Epileptic
      activity before and after administration of the prostaglandins by several routes
      was determined from continuous EEG recordings and expressed in epileptic bursts
      per min. The PGE2 analogue given in single non-toxic doses (1.6-3 mug/kg) by
      intramuscular or intravenous routes at the peak of epileptic activity
      significantly reduced epileptic activity for up to four hours. Subcutaneous
      administration was less effective. PG2alpha given by the intramuscular route (0.3
      mg/kg) also markedly reduced the number of epileptic bursts. Increasing the
      dosage 4-fold almost completely suppressed epileptic activity. Intracarotid
      infusion of PGF2alpha for one hour (10 mug/min) almost abolished all epileptic
      activity. Neither prostaglandin given in non-toxic doses induced EEG
      abnormalities in non-epileptic cats. Toxic doses of the E2 analogue (greater than
      16 mug/kg) caused bilaterally synchronous high voltage slow wave activity. It is
      concluded that these prostaglandins reduce penicillin epilepsy in the cat. The
      findings are consistent with either a direct excitatory action on neurones of the
      medial reticular formation or anatagonism of the depressant action of
      norepinephrine on Purkinje cells.

PMID- 1197779
TI  - Prostaglandins in neural crest-tumors.
AB  - Prostaglandin and catecholamine concentrations were estimated in tumour tissues
      taken from four phaeochromcytomas and five other neural-crest tumours.
      Prostaglandins were found to be present in tumours both associated and non
      associated with chronic diarrhoea. Prostaglandin F, as well as catecholamine,
      concentrations were higher in phaeochromocytomas than in other tumours. The
      hypothesis has been made that while prostaglandins do not reach arterial
      circulation to give rise to pharmacological effects, such as chronic diarrhoea,
      prostaglandins F present in phaeochromocytomas may contribute to a higher
      catecholamine synthesis and/or release, resulting in a higher incidence of
      hypertension associated with these tumours.

PMID- 1197780
TI  - Production of prostaglandin-like substance at the time of mating in the rat.
AB  - The amount of prostaglandin-like substance (PG--LS) in the reproductive tract of
      the male and female rat following mating (p.c.) has been measured and compared
      with non-mated (control) values. Negligable amounts of PG-LS were detected in the
      control female tracts but a mean of 2 mug PGE, equivalents was detected
      immediately p.c. The PG--LS is probably generated in the vas deferens since
      nearly 1 mug PGE1 equivalents per rat remained there p.c. No other tissue in the
      male reproductive tract contained significant amounts of PG--LS suggests that the
      bulk of the activity is due to PGE2 with a smaller amount being due to PGF2
      alpha.

PMID- 1197781
TI  - The biosynthesis of 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGF2 and 1a,1b-dihomo-PGF2 alpha from 7, 10,
      13, 16-docosatetraenoic acid by an acetone-pentane powder of sheep vesicular
      gland microsomes.
AB  - Thin-layer chromatographic (t.l.c.) analysis of the products formed from the
      incubation of an acetone-pentane powder of sheep vesicular gland microsomes with
      7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid (adrenic acid) revealed the presence of two
      products having Rf values identical to PGE2 and PGF2alpha. These products were
      purified by t.l.c., derivatized by treatment with methoxyamine, diazomethane, and
      N,O-bis-(trimethylsily1)-trifluoroacetamide, and these derivatives used for gas
      chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results were
      consistent with 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGF2 and 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGF2alpha proposed
      structures. Formation of 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGF2 alpha could be increased, at the
      expense of 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGE2 by the addition of copper and reduced glutathione
      to the incubation mixture. Reduction of 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGE2 with NaBH4 in methanol
      resulted in total conversion to two products having chemical and physical
      properties consistent with 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGF2alpha and 1a, 1b-dihomo-PGF2beta
      proposed structures. The initial rate of adrenic acid-dependent oxygen uptake was
      determined to be 25% of that of arachidonic acid. The prostaglandin synthetase
      inhibitors, naproxen and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (Ro 3-1428) inhibited
      adrenic acid-dependent oxygen uptake; Ro 3-1428 was shown to be a time-dependent
      inhibitor.

PMID- 1197782
TI  - Stimulation by prostaglandin E2 of glucagon and insulin release from isolated rat
      pancreas.
AB  - To ascertain whether prostaglandins (PG) may play a role in the secretion of
      glucagon and in an attempt to elucidate the conflicting observations on the
      effects of PG on insulin release, the isolated intact rat pancreas was perfused
      with solutions containing 1.1 x 10(-9) to 1.8 x 10(-5)m PGE2. In the presence of
      5.6 mM glucose significant increments in portal venous effluent levels of
      glucagon and insulin were observed in response to minimal concentrations of 2.8 X
      10(-8) and 1.4 X 10(-7) PGE2, respectively; a dose-response relationship was
      evident for both hormones at higher concentrations of PGE2. When administered
      over 60 seconds, 1.4 X 10(-6)M PGE2 resulted in a significant increase in
      glucagon levels within 24 seconds and in insulin within 48 seconds. Ten-minute
      perfusions of 1.4 X 10(-6)M PGE2 elicited biphasic release of both islet
      hormones; Phase I glucagon release preceded that of insulin. Both phases of the
      biphasic glucagon and insulin release which occurred in response to 15-minute
      perfusions of 10 mM arginine were augmented by PGE2. These observations indicate
      that PGE2 can evoke glucagon and insulin release at concentrations close to those
      observed by others in the extracts of rat pancreas. We conclude that PG may be
      involved in the regulation of secretion of glucagon and insulin and may mediate
      and/or modify the pancreatic islet hormone response to other secretagogues.

PMID- 1197784
TI  - The measurement of E and 19-hydroxy E prostaglandins in human seminal plasma.
AB  - A method is described which measures the four main prostaglandins of human semen
      (PGE1, E2, 19-hydroxy PGE1, and 19-hydroxy PGE2). For routine measurements E1 and
      E2 are measured together as are 19-OH E1 and 19-OH E2. These are measured by
      forming oximes in aqueous solution extraction, methylation and trimethyl
      silylation followed by gas chromatography. The method has sufficient sensitivity
      to measure the levels found in the majority of semen samples. The normal range in
      men with proven fertility was 90 to 260 mug/ml of 19-hydroxy Es and 30-200 mug/ml
      of Es.

PMID- 1197783
TI  - Prostaglandin VIII - Synthesis of some 9-oxoprostynoic acids.

PMID- 1197785
TI  - Premature labor and indomethacin.
AB  - Women in the 29th - 32nd week of gestation were admitted to hospital following
      the onset of premature labor contractions. After treatment with bed rest and beta
      stimulating drugs, those patients with persistent uterine contractions were
      treated with oral indomethacin (25 mg every 6 hours for 5 days). The effect of
      indomethacin therapy was monitored by serial external tocometry recordings. This
      treatment schedule with indomethacin was repeated on several occasions at
      intervals of 5 to 10 days. Using a standardized technique, uterine contractility
      was monitored every second or third day throughout the entire treatment period.
      In this way, the frequency of contractions was evaluated in the presence or
      absence of indomethacin therapy. Following indomethacin treatment, there was a
      significant decrease in the frequency of contractions in all cases and a complete
      arrest of contractions occurred in some women. An increased frequency of
      contractions was observed during those times that the patient did not receive
      indomethacin. The plasms concentration of 15-keto-13, 14-dihydro-PGF2alpha, the
      major serum metabolite of PGF2alpha, was determined by the gas chromatography -
      mass spectrometry method before and after indomethacin in a limited number of
      cases. At the doses given for the duration of therapy used, no untoward effects
      could be detected in either the mother or the infant. These results indicate that
      indomethacin is a potent and useful drug in the treatment of premature labor.

PMID- 1197786
TI  - Letter: PGE2 as a vaginal abortifacient - diaphragm effect.

PMID- 1197787
TI  - Menstrual induction with PGF2 alpha and PGE2.

PMID- 1197788
TI  - Influence of dietary vitamin E on prostaglandin biosynthesis in rat blood.
AB  - A vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) deficient diet stimulated prostaglandin
      biosynthesis in coagulating rat blood. Prostaglandins were extracted from serum,
      purified and bioassayed. The identity of prostaglandin E2 was confirmed by gas
      chromatography-mass spectrometry. Withholding vitamin E from the diet caused a
      marked increase in PGE2 and a lesser increase in PGF2alpha production in serum.
      In rats maintained on diets containing different concentrations of vitamin E,
      serum concentrations of PGE2 and PGF2alpha were inversely related to serum
      concentrations of alpha-tocopherol. These data suggest that in vitro alpha
      tocopherol inhibits the endogenous conversion of arachidonic acid into PGE2 and
      PGF2alpha. The possibility that alpha-tocopherol may inhibit the formation of
      endoperoxide intermediates of PGE2 and PGF2alpha biosynthesis and subsequent
      induction of platelet aggregation is discussed.

PMID- 1197789
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins on protein, RNA, DNA and collagen synthesis in
      experimental wounds.
AB  - The effect of exogenous prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2alpha (PGE1, PGE2 and
      PGF2alpha) on 3H-leucine, 3H-uridine, 3H-thymidine and 3H-proline incorporation
      in experimental cutaneous wounds has been studied in rats. Prostaglandins E1 and
      E2 markedly stimulate the incorporation of these tritiated precursors, into
      protein, RNA, DNA and collagen synthesis, whereas F2 inhibits it. All tested
      prostaglandins exhibit their maximum effect within the first hours following
      administration. Most active is PGE1. These observations indicate that application
      of prostaglandins significantly stimulate incorporation with protein, RNA, DNA
      and collagen synthesis in the skin of wounded rats and thus, may play a role in
      epidermal cell growth and division as well as in scar-forming tissue.

PMID- 1197790
TI  - The effects of some natural prostaglandins on isolated human circular bronchial
      muscle.
AB  - PGE1 relaxed isolated human circular bronchial muscle over a wide concentration
      range as did isoprenaline. Surprisingly isoprenaline was more potent than PGE1.
      PGF2alpha weakly contracted this muscle preparation whereas histamine was more
      potent. PGE2, however, produced paradoxical results, relaxing some tissues and
      contracting others, always in a concentration-related manner irrespective of
      tissue tone. In preparations that contracted to PGE2, tachyphylaxis induced to
      PGF2alpha also applied to PGE2, but did not affect PGE1 relaxations of histamine
      contractions. These findings suggest that pge2 can stimulate either PGF2alpha or
      PGE1 receptors of isolated human bronchial muscle.

PMID- 1197791
TI  - Prostaglandin E1 inhibits the pulmonary vascular pressor response to hypoxia and
      prostaglandin F2alpha.
AB  - In the anesthetised dog an infusion of exogenous prostaglandin E1 (100muG/min)
      inhibits the pulmonary vascular pressor response to hypoxia. Both 25 and
      100muG/min PGE1 can reduce the transient pulmonary hypertension caused by a bolus
      of prostaglandin F2alpha. This suggests that hypoxia and PGF2alpha may share a
      final common pathway in producing pulmonary vasoconstriction. These results may
      help to explain the mechanism by which endotoxin inhibits the pulmonary vascular
      response to hypoxia. This effect is probably achieved by stimulating the
      production of an endogenous dilator prostaglandin. Exogenous PGE1 can mimic this
      effect.

PMID- 1197792
TI  - Inhibition of pulmonary prostaglandin metabolism by inhibitors of prostaglandin
      biotransport (probenecid and bromcresol green).

PMID- 1197793
TI  - Synthesis of heteroaromatic analogues of prostaglandins.

PMID- 1197794
TI  - Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and prolactin secretion in rats.
AB  - Plasma prolactin and F-prostaglandins (PGF) were measured anesthetized male
      Sprague-Dawley rats before and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes following i.v.
      injection of either PGF2alpha (4 mg/kg), chlorpromazine, 1 mg/kg or
      chlorpormazine (1 mg/kg) after pretreatment with i.p. indomethacin (2 mg/kg).
      Following PGF2alpha administration, plasma prolactin levels increased
      significantly only at 15 and 30 minutes in spite of extremely high PGF levels
      throughout 60 minutes. Besides the expected rise in plasma prolactin,
      chlorpromazine caused a transient but statistically significant increase in PGF.
      Indomethacin blocked the chlorpormazine-induced PGF rise but not prolactin
      increase. Animals stressed with ether anesthesia showed elevation of plasma
      prolactin, which was not blocked by indomethacin although PGF concentration fell.
      Theese results indicate that PGF2alpha can stimulate prolactin release. This
      effect does not appear to be physiologic since very high PGF levels are required.
      Furthermore, blockade of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin does not prevent
      the release of prolactin in response to chlorpormazine or stress. Our findings do
      not support a possible role of PGFs as intermediaries in prolactin release.
      However, it is possible that PGFs may work through other mechanisms not
      investigated in our study.

PMID- 1197795
TI  - Prostaglandin F2alpha induces release of lysosomal hydrolase from luteinized rat
      ovarian slices.

PMID- 1197796
TI  - The effect of the prostaglandin F2alpha analogue ICI 81008 on uterine small
      arteries and on blood pressure.
AB  - The effects of PGF2alpha and its analogue ICI 81008 have been compared on the
      small arteries of the omentum uteri on the rat. The vessels measured 20-80 mum in
      diameter and were examined by intra-vital-microscopy. While the maximum responses
      of PGF2alpha and ICI 81008 were similar, the duration of the effect of ICI 81008
      was significantly longer (P is less than 0.001). At 15 minutes after the
      administration of the drugs the effect of ICI 81008 was still almost maximal,
      while the PGF2alpha response disappeared.

PMID- 1197797
TI  - Neonatal serum bilirubin levels following the use of prostaglandin E2 in labour.
AB  - A prospective study of 447 labours and the resulting neonates failed to reveal a
      significant difference between the mean serum bilirubin concentrations on the
      third and sixth day following spontaneous, accelerated or induced labour. A
      similar incidence of neonatal jaundice (bilirubin concentrations of 10 mg/100 or
      more) was found in the studied groups. However, there was a tendency for neonates
      born after accelerated or induced labour to have slightly higher bilirubin levels
      than those born after spontaneous labour. No strong dose dependent effect on the
      level of bilirubin concentration following Prostaglandin E2 induced labour was
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1197799
TI  - Letter: Luteolytic effect of intraluteally administered PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 1197798
TI  - Progesterone withdrawal induced by ICI 81008 in pregnant rats.
AB  - Of a total of 343 pregnant rats treated with the prostaglandin F2alpha analogue
      ICI 81008, 137 aborted, while 83 had reduced and 123 intact litter. These
      biological variations depended primarily on the gestational timing of treatment
      and on the dose and route of administration of this synthetic PG. In comparison
      with the 107 controls, all experimental rats which aborted had a drastic
      reduction in plasma progesterone levels which was highly significant (P is less
      than 0.001) until day 18. In contrast, those animals which escaped suboptimal ICI
      81001 treatment with a partly resorbed litter, only had a moderate reduction in
      progesterone which was statistically significant (P is less than 0.01) until day
      16 when levels of this steroid normally begin to decrease. Ineffective treatment
      did not affect progesterone levels and intact pregnancy. In contrast to
      progesterone, there was no correlation between plasma estradiol-17beta levels and
      the consequences of ICI 81008 treatment.

PMID- 1197800
TI  - [Radioimmunoassay of gastrin level in duodenal ulcer, atrophic gastritis and
      Addison-Biermer's disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197801
TI  - [Hydrochloric acid secretion following nutritive and histamine stimuli in
      duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197802
TI  - [Blood serum proteins in patients with duodenal ulcer after complete and
      selective vagotomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197803
TI  - [Remarks on modern methods of surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer and gastric
      ulcer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197804
TI  - [Selecting of the way of surgical treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer
      with regard to the experience of I Department of General Surgery of Surgical
      Institute of the Academy of Medicine in Poznan (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197805
TI  - [Repair operations of late complications after surgical treatment of peptic ulcer
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197806
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment of peptic ulcer in patients over 60 years of age
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197807
TI  - [The role of pylorus in gastric surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197808
TI  - [Vagotomy in corrective operations after stomach resection (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197809
TI  - [Dumping syndrome and insulin secretion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197810
TI  - [An attempt of evaluation of the water pool in patients after gastric resection
      with dumping-syndrome symptoms (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197811
TI  - [Malabsorption in liver disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197812
TI  - [Histological changes in mucosa and small intestine function in liver cirrhosis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197813
TI  - [Jejunal mucosa structure and small intestine function in diabetes (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197814
TI  - [Chlorophyll mutations induced by gamma radiation in Phaseolus vulgaris L].
AB  - In a study of chlorophyll mutants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. through Co60 gamma
      radiation, five types of mutants, classified as albino, cream, yellow, yellow
      green and light green were obtained; all were lethal; their segregation was
      always proportionally lower than the Mendelian. Gamma radiation-induced mutations
      in black beans do not depart significantly from those obtained elsewhere in
      barley and wheat.

PMID- 1197815
TI  - [Spasmolytic effect of histamine in the isolated intestine of the hamster
      (Cricetus auratus)].
AB  - A comparative study of the effects produced by histamine on 15 different sections
      of the small intestine of hamsters (Cricetus auratus) from the stomach to the
      ileocecal valve was performed to find a substitute for that of guinea pigs and to
      ascertain which of the sections was the most sensitive. Changes in tone,
      amplitude and frequency of contractions with respect to control (spontaneous
      motility, were significant (P less than 0.01); the variance analysis showed no
      significant variations in the sensitivity or the motility of the different
      sections.

PMID- 1197816
TI  - [Various aspects of comparative leaf anatomy of 2 Bromeliaceae (Aechema mexicana
      Baker and Hechtia glomerata Zucc)].
AB  - The leaf anatomy of two Bromeliaceae, Hechtia glomerata Zucc., a terrestrial
      xerophyte of arid zones, and Acehmea mexicana Baker, a tropical moist forest
      epiphyte, is compared; these species show adaptations to different extremes of
      adverse environmental conditions as to water uptake. The leaves of A. mexicana
      have more water storage tissue than those of H. glomerata; on the other hand, H.
      glomerata is capable of root absorption. In A. mexicana, modified nonfunctional
      stomata increase transpiration resistance. Also, this species shows more
      specialized foliar trichomes which permit the uptake of water and possibly of
      nutrients. The balance between transpiration and absorption rates is regulated in
      both species by the combined presence of peltate scales and stomata. The degree
      of adaptation to drought presented by epiphytic species is more complicated than
      that shown by terrestrial species. Epiphytic plants like A. mexicana may be
      derived from xerophytic species that have undergone readaptation to a humid
      climate. The conspicuous negative geotropism in the leaves of A. mexicana causes
      the formation of basal deposits of water, which play an important functional role
      in survival.

PMID- 1197817
TI  - [Ischemic colitis].

PMID- 1197818
TI  - [Esophagocardiopiezogram (its place in phonomechanocardiography)].

PMID- 1197819
TI  - [Vasculo-renal hypertension. Diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 1197820
TI  - [Hydatidosis of the interventricular septum. Treatment of 9 cases].

PMID- 1197821
TI  - [Quantitative echocardiographic evaluation of pericardial effusion].

PMID- 1197822
TI  - [Thrombocytopenia in thromboembolic complications].

PMID- 1197823
TI  - [Spinocraneal meningiomas].

PMID- 1197824
TI  - [Accidental hypernatremia during hemodialysis following use of a decalcifier].

PMID- 1197825
TI  - [Pulmonary sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1197826
TI  - [Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with biclonal paraproteinemia].

PMID- 1197827
TI  - [Pathological findings in the determination of serum alkaline phosphatase with
      the SMA 12/60 autoanalizer].

PMID- 1197828
TI  - [In vitro autoradiographic study of basocellular epithelioma].

PMID- 1197829
TI  - [Primary cardiac amyloidosis with associated splenorenal amyloidosis].

PMID- 1197830
TI  - [Intensive hemodialysis in the treatment of uremic pericarditis].

PMID- 1197831
TI  - [Treatment of primary membranous-proliferative glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1197832
TI  - [Study of hypoxemia states under the action of betamethasone].

PMID- 1197833
TI  - [Desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 1197834
TI  - [Segmentary renal hypoplasia (Ask-Upmark kidney) and arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1197835
TI  - [Suppurative acute pericarditis caused by anaerobic bacteria].

PMID- 1197836
TI  - [Hormonal profile of the normal menstrual cycle].

PMID- 1197837
TI  - [Serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and estradiol in normal men and women
      determined by radioimmunoassay].

PMID- 1197838
TI  - [Serum beta-glucuronidase activity in diabetes with and without vascular
      complications. I. Serum beta-glucuronidase activity in diabetic women in relation
      to vascular disease].

PMID- 1197839
TI  - [Serum beta-glucuronidase activity in diabetes with and without vascular
      complications II. Relation of enzyme activity to serum cholesterol, arterial
      pressure, grade of metabolic control, age and duration of the disease in diabetic
      women].

PMID- 1197840
TI  - [Mediastinal lipomatosis in Cushing's syndrome].

PMID- 1197841
TI  - [Hot nodule and carcinoma of the thyroid gland].

PMID- 1197842
TI  - [D-xylose absorption in gastrectomized patients: a new metabolic disorder of the
      postoperative disease].

PMID- 1197843
TI  - [Empty sella turcica syndrome and Addison' disease: 2 cases].

PMID- 1197844
TI  - [Human Mycobacterium infections. Incidence and etiology (personal experience)].

PMID- 1197845
TI  - [Hemodynamics of pericardial constriction].

PMID- 1197846
TI  - [Clinico-radiological characteristics in a hydrofluorosis population (90 cases)].

PMID- 1197847
TI  - [Copper, cerulopasmin and zinc in relation to the metabolism of lipids in
      arteriosclerotic patients].

PMID- 1197848
TI  - [Myocardial necrosis after aortic prosthesis implantation].

PMID- 1197849
TI  - [Phonomechanocardiography of pericarditis. I. Carotidogram: study of the
      morphology of systolic intervals and periods].

PMID- 1197850
TI  - [Factors responsible for renal sodium retention in hepatic cirrhosis with
      ascites].

PMID- 1197851
TI  - [Effects of splenectomy on coagulation disorders in the chronic hepatic patient.
      Comments on 8 cases].

PMID- 1197852
TI  - [Cellular immunity in the neoplastic patient (preliminary note)].

PMID- 1197853
TI  - [Transient complete atrioventricular block caused by ventricular myography].

PMID- 1197854
TI  - [Myasthenia gravis and myocardiopathy. Double or single disease].

PMID- 1197855
TI  - [Amenorrhea and progesterone-pregnanediol test].

PMID- 1197856
TI  - [Voluntary female sterilization by laparoscopy. 1000 cases].

PMID- 1197857
TI  - [Editorial: Epidemiology of ischemic cardiopathies].

PMID- 1197858
TI  - [Myocardial infarct in the aged].

PMID- 1197859
TI  - [Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical review of 26
      cases].

PMID- 1197860
TI  - [Preventive treatment of reciprocating tachycardia with a fixed frequency
      pacemaker].

PMID- 1197861
TI  - [Hemodynamic evolution of the interventricular communication associated with
      infundibular pulmonary stenosis, with and without surgical treatment].

PMID- 1197862
TI  - [The electrocardiogram and the vectorcardiogram in tricuspid atresia].

PMID- 1197863
TI  - [Mitral commissurotomy with extracorporeal circulation: 100 consecutively
      operated cases without mortality].

PMID- 1197864
TI  - [Effect of anoxic block and ventricular fibrillation on oxydative phosphorylation
      and the mitochondrial myocardial respiration. Experimental study].

PMID- 1197865
TI  - [Unusual origin of the sino-atrial artery node from the left auricular circumflex
      artery].

PMID- 1197867
TI  - [Lewis-Tanner's operation applied to malignant tumors of the tuberous esophago
      cardiac intersection].

PMID- 1197866
TI  - [Pulmonary arterial stenosis of multiple branches and kinkings of the supraaortic
      trunk. Report of 3 cases in brothers].

PMID- 1197868
TI  - [Neoplasms of the extrahepatic biliary tract].

PMID- 1197869
TI  - [Primary carcinoma of the gastric antrum. Fibroendoscopic diagnosis].

PMID- 1197870
TI  - [Association of gastric and duodenal ulcer in the same patient].

PMID- 1197871
TI  - [Spontaneous cystoenterostomy].

PMID- 1197872
TI  - [Dubin-Johnson syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1197873
TI  - [Pathology caused by phythobezoars].

PMID- 1197874
TI  - Restriction of isoproterenol-induced myocardial Ca uptake and necrotization in
      rats by a new Ca-antagonistic compound (ethyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl)
      piperazinyl acetate (Vascordil)).
AB  - As shown in previous investigations overdoses of isoproterenol produce an
      abundant myocardial Ca uptake, followed by high energy phosphate breakdown,
      mitochondrial damage and, eventually, cardiac fibre necrotization. Conversely Ca
      antagonistic compounds such as verapamil, D 600 or prenylamine which reduce the
      transmembrane Ca influx into the heart muscle cells, can prevent high energy
      phosphate deficiency and cardiac lesions. Ethyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl)
      poperazinyl acetate (Vascoril) is another compound which, according to our tracer
      studies, interferes with transmembrane Ca uptake into the myocardium. As expected
      the rat hearts were also protected by Vascoril against isoproterenol-induced
      metabolic disorders and structural alterations. Equiprotective subcutaneous
      doses, as studied on the right ventricular myocardium of rats, were 600 mg/kg
      Vascoril, 250 mg/kg prenylamine, 17 mg/kg verapamil or 10 mg/kg D 600.

PMID- 1197875
TI  - Inhibition by cinnarizine of heart ionic changes induced by isoprenaline.
AB  - Cinnarizine, a specific blocker of Ca entry in depolarized smooth muscles, exerts
      a protection upon cardiac lesions induced by isoprenaline. Its action has been
      studied on ionic changes induced in hearts of rats injected with 30 mg/kg
      isoprenaline subcutaneously. Cinnarizine (20 mg/kg) was administered
      intraperitoneally 2 hours before isoprenaline. Ionic contents (Na,K,C,Mg) were
      measured over an observation period of 3 days following drug treatment.
      Isoprenaline induced changes in the content of the various ions studied. Changes
      occurring in the atria were reversible. The following observations were made in
      the apex: Mg, transient increase in the first hour followed by a long-lasting
      decrease; Ca, progressive increase up to 6 hours followed by a progressive
      restoration; Na, increase up to 24 hours followed by restoration. These ionic
      changes were significantly reduced by cinnarizine.

PMID- 1197876
TI  - Transmural metabolic gradients of the canine left ventricle in coronary
      constriction, systemic hypoxia, hemorrhagic shock, and isoproterenol infusion.
AB  - In the left ventricle of the dog, a transmural difference is present in the
      normal state for various metabolites and persists in the experimental conditions
      studied. ATP stores are maintained both in the endo-as well as epicardium at the
      expense of PC. This is true for systemic hypoxia, hemorrhagic shock, and
      isoproterenol infusion. In severe ischemia, however, endocardial ATP is lower,
      while the transmural gradient for PC is increased due to a marked decrease in
      endocardial PC content. Our studies underline the importance of nonhomogeneity of
      the left ventricular wall and demonstrate that the subendocardium is more subject
      to anaerobic metabolism, especially when coronary perfusion pressure is
      decreased.

PMID- 1197877
TI  - Effects of isoproterenol and some other drugs on high energy phosphate metabolism
      in rat myocardium.

PMID- 1197878
TI  - Myocardial metabolism at different environmental temperatures in experimental
      myocardial necrosis.
AB  - Although the effect of cold and heat stress on myocardial metabolisms has been
      widely studied, this parameter has not been investigated over a wide range of
      environmental temperatures after myocardial infarction. Since high as well as low
      temperatures are known to adversely affect the myocardium, changes in
      enviromental temperature are likely to be of great importance to patients
      suffering from acute coronary insult. Therefore, the myocardial metabolism was
      studied at different environmental temperatures in albino rats with isoproterenol
      induced infarct-like myocardial necrosis. Male albino rats weighing 100 to 150 g
      were selected for the study. The investigations included ECG (lead II),
      histology, serum free fatty acids (FFA), serum triglycerides (TGS), cardiac
      noradrenaline, cardiac glycogen, and adrenal ascorbic acid, after the induction
      of myocardial necrosis. The biochemical changes were minimum between 10 and 15
      degrees C while, at 4 degrees C, marked changes were observed. No significant
      change was seen in the serum triglycerides.

PMID- 1197879
TI  - Membrane phospholipid metabolism in the isoproterenol-induced cardiomyopathy of
      the rat.
AB  - Within 60 minutes after treatment with low doses of IPR (5 mg/kg), relative
      specific activity of cardiolipin and sphingomyelin significantly increased in the
      heart. Other phospholipids of the heart were not significantly changed. Relative
      specific activity of cardiolipin increased much later in liver and salivary
      gland. Activity of CTP:PA cytidyl transferase increases 40% at 1 hour following
      treatment with IPR. No significant change was observed in the respiratory control
      ratio of heart mitochondria for 2 hours following injection with IPR; however, a
      significant decrease was observed 24 hours after IPR.

PMID- 1197880
TI  - Role of free fatty acids in catecholamine-induced cardiac necrosis.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated that catecholamines produce massiive
      disseminated cardiac necrosis closely resembling experimental myocardial
      infarction. Since catecholamine-induced lipolysis increases myocardial oxygen
      demand and increased levels of FFA are associated with a depression of myocardial
      function during myocardial hypoxia, the effect of inhibition of lipolysis on
      myocardial necrosis induced by isoproterenol was studied. Measurements of
      creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity in extracts of whole heart homogenates
      provide a sensitive and relatively specific index of cellular necrosis.
      Accordingly, CPK activity was measured in rat hearts 48 hours after the animals
      had received either isoproterenol, given s.c., 3 times at hourly intervals, or
      isoproterenol after prior administration of nicotinic acid. Control animals were
      given saline. With increasing doses of isoproterenol, CPK activity in whole heart
      homogenates was depressed from 21.7 +/- 0.40 in untreated animals (N = 36) to
      14.9 +/- 0.46 in animals given the highest dose of isoproterenol (N = 47). In
      animals in which isoproterenol-induced lipolysis was inhibited by nicotinic acid,
      CPK was less depressed (16.3 +/- 0.36, N = 47) than with isoproterenol alone (p
      less 0.02). Nicotinic acid given alone did not interfere with CPK activity. This
      study suggests that part of the necrosis induced by isoproterenol is due to
      increased release and oxidation of FFA in the rat heart.

PMID- 1197881
TI  - Changes in fatty acid composition of cardiac lipids accompanying myocardial
      necrosis.
AB  - Administration of isoproterenol induces changes in phospholipids of heart muscle
      membranes. Longer and more unsaturated fatty acids replace shorter and less
      unsaturated fatty acids. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e., C22:6,
      replace C18:2 and C20:4 in phospholipids of heart muscle. Increased sensitivity
      to isoproterenol and increased myocardial cell damage is accompanied by a
      relative increase in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids of
      heart muscle. Development of myocardial necrosis increases with a progressive
      replacement of C18:2 and C20:4 by C22:6. Alterations in fatty acid composition of
      membrane phospholipids and consequent changes in membrane properties may play an
      important role in myocardial cell damage. Myocardial damage following
      administration of isoproterenol is increased when there is enhanced
      intramyocardial lipolysis and an increased amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids
      in membrane phospholipids. Mocardial damage is decreased when there is reduced
      intramyocardial lipolysis and the membrane response makes the membranes less
      permeable and more stable.

PMID- 1197882
TI  - Disturbed myocardial calcium metabolism: a possible pathogenetic factor in the
      hereditary cardiomyopathy of the Syrian hamster.
AB  - In the BIO 8262 inbred strain of cardiomyopathic Syrian hamsters, a latent
      disturbance of their myocardial calcium metabolism could be evidenced. Whereas
      the myocardial calcium content of untreated young cardiomyopathic hamsters with
      prenecrotic hearts did not differ from that of healthy control animals, it was
      distinctly elevated 6 hours after injection of isoproterenol (1 mg/kg body weight
      s.c.) in cardiomyopathic animals remaining unchanged in healthy controls.
      However, the same dose of isoproterenol induced elevated myocardial 45Ca uptake
      in both strains, although that of the cardiomyopathic hearts was distinctly
      greater. Later, during the stage of spontaneous progressive necrotization of the
      hearts, a spontaneously increased myocardial uptake of 45Ca and calcium content
      became manifest. By combined treatment with isoproterenol and verapamil, a
      substance which is known to decrease the calcium conductivity of myocardial cell
      membranes without blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, the isoproterenol
      stimulated 45Ca uptake by prenecrotic cardiomyopathic hearts as well as the
      increase of their calcium content could be inhibited. Long-term treatment with
      verapamil alone beginning during the prenecrotic phase of the cardiac condition,
      was fully effective in preventing myocardial overload as well as necrotization.
      These findings demonstrate that overload with calcium of cardiomyopathic cells of
      the hamsters can be influenced beneficially. Therefore, the disturbed myocardial
      calcium metabolism in the hereditary cardiomyopathy of the Syrian hamster is
      considered a decisive pathogenetic factor.

PMID- 1197883
TI  - Key role of Ca in the production of noncoronarogenic myocardial necroses.
AB  - Skeletal and heart muscle fibers undergo severe functional and structural
      alterations, resulting in necrotization as soon as extracellular Ca ions
      penetrate excessively into the sarcoplasm, so that the capacities of the Ca
      binding or extrusion processes become insufficient. In mechanically injured
      skeletal muscle fibers, this necrotization process begins in the neighborhood of
      the membrane lesion where a large Ca inward transport takes place. Accordingly,
      elimination of Ca from the Ringer solution or an outward electric current which
      blocks the influx of extracellular Ca prevents the onset of necrotization,
      whereas additional Ca or an inward electric current which augments the influx of
      Ca potentiates the course of degradation. The crucial reaction in the production
      of necroses in skeletal and heart muscle fibers is a high energy phosphate
      deficiency which results (a) from excessive activation of Ca-dependent
      intracellular ATPases, and (b) from Ca-induced mitochondrial destruction. This
      applies especially to myocardial fiber damage caused by large doses of beta
      adrenergic catecholamines such as isoproterenol. The number and size of the
      isoproterenol-induced cardiac lesions are obviously determined by the extent and,
      particularly, by the duration of the Ca-mediated high energy phosphate penury.
      Substances which sensitize the myocardium to catecholamine-induced necrotization
      (9-alpha-fluorocortisol, dihydrotachysterol, NaH2PO4) act by potentiating
      intracellular Ca overload and high energy phosphate breakdown. Conversely,
      verapamil D 600, and other Ca-antagonistic compounds protect the structural
      integrity of the heart muscle fibers by restricting transmembrane Ca influx and,
      consequently, ATP and creatine phosphate exhaustion.

PMID- 1197884
TI  - Prevention of myocardial generation in hamsters with hereditary cardiomyopathy.
AB  - A number of drugs have been tested for their ability to prevent or change the
      course of skeletal and heart lesions occurring with a 100% incidence in
      cardiomyopathic hamsters (UM-X7.1). These drugs were selected because they act
      either on the metabolism or turnover of Ca or on adrenergic receptors. Verapamil
      (Isoptin), a potent inhibitor of myocardial transmembrane Ca conductivity, was
      found to completely prevent the myocardial lesions in myopathic hamsters. The
      hamsters were 28 to 30 days of age at the beginning of the experiment and were
      injected subcutaneously twice daily during 30 consecutive days in doses of 0.5 mg
      during the first week and 0.75 mg during the subsequent weeks. The protection
      afforded by Verapamil was no longer evident 30 days after interruption of the
      treatment. The severity of both cardiac and skeletal muscle lesions was found
      significantly lowered in hamsters receiving Dibenamine. It is assumed that
      Verapamil acts mainly by preventing excessive calcium influx in cardiomyocytes,
      whereas Dibenamine improves the microcirculation, which is deficient during the
      necrotizing phase of the polymyopathy. The latter assumption rests on the fact
      that, in myopathic hamsters, the reactivity pattern of alkaline phosphatase is
      altered at the level of the capillaries of cardiac and skeletal muscles.

PMID- 1197885
TI  - Metabolic changes in the myocardium of hamsters with hereditary muscular
      dystrophy.
AB  - Depressed fatty acid (FA) oxidation found previously in various types of
      cardiomyopathies has been attributed to the lack of carnitine in heart muscle.
      This is not the case in the cardiac lesion of hamsters, strain BIO 14.6, between
      the ages of 3 and 6 months. We observed depressed CO2 production by heart
      homogenates of diseased animals from labeled acetate (1/20), butyrate (1/15),
      octanoate (1/3, and palmitate (1/4) in the presence of carnitine. The activity of
      carnitine palmitoyltransferase (forward reaction) and FA activating enzymes was
      unchanged. The oxidation of 1,4-labeled succinate as well as acetyl CoA was
      depressed to approximately 40% of the control, whereas [2-14C]pyruvate and [U
      14C]oxoglutarate were oxidized at 60 to 70% of the control level. The CO2
      production from [1-14C]pyruvate and [1-14C]oxoglutarate showed no reduction. No
      significant difference was found in myocardial triglyceride content and palmitate
      esterification into neutral lipids. The possible cause of different magnitudes of
      depressed oxidation of these substrates is unknown. It may be that the acetyl-CoA
      derived from FAs and that derived from pyruvate are metabolized by the TCA cycle
      to different extents, or that the endogenous metabolism participates to different
      degrees in the presence of different substrates.

PMID- 1197886
TI  - Morphological and biochemical studies on the heart of the cardiomyopathic Syrian
      hamster.
AB  - Histological and ultrastructural observations of embryonic hearts and cultured
      cells from hamsters with inherited cardiomyopathy (BIO 14.6 line) showed a
      significant delay in maturation of the sarcomeric units in comparison with those
      of unrelated healthy control hamsters. Phase-contrast microscopic observation of
      the cultured cardiomyocytes revealed more rapid diminution of beating frequencies
      in the diseased hamsters than in the controls. Negatively stained ultrastructure
      and yield of the actomyosin extracted both from the cardiomyopathic and the
      control hamsters showed no fundamental differences. Disc electrophoresis of the
      erythrocyte ghosts revealed, at least, a quantitative difference in one of the
      composing proteins between these two groups.

PMID- 1197887
TI  - Left ventricular function in Syrian hamsters of different ages with hereditary
      cardiomyopathy.
AB  - Hemodynamic data of cardiomyopathic hamsters of the strain BIO 8262 aged 70 days
      and more than 200 days were compared with those of control groups. Left
      ventricular systolic pressures and heart rate revealed no great differences
      between the groups. Left ventricular diastolic pressure was lower in both older
      groups than in both younger groups. Contractility, as measured by dp/dt max as
      well as VCE and Vmax, showed considerably lower values in the myopathic groups.
      Although congestive heart failure connot be observed in the BIO 8262 strain, a
      decrease in cardiac performance can be postulated particularly in the 70-day age
      group in the stage of acute necrosis. The hypothesis is supported that
      circulatory congestion seen in the BIO 14.6 hamster is a separate entity, not
      necessarily connected to the myocardial lesions.

PMID- 1197888
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of dopamine in the normal and failing heart of
      experimental animals.
AB  - Dopamine exerts marked positive inotropic effects in the dog with no effect on
      heart rate. This effect is abolished by propranolol, reduced by reserpine, and
      unaffected by atropine. Dopamine exhibits similar inotropic activity in the
      normal guinea pig and in guinea pigs with experimentally induced heart failure.
      In the isolated perfused hamster heart, dopamine caused marked increases in left
      ventricular pressure with slight increases in heart rate. However, in the failing
      heart of the myopathic Syrian hamster, dopamine caused moderate increases in left
      ventricular pressure with much greater increases in heart rate. The total heart
      work of the failing heart under the influence of dopamine is significantly higher
      than that of the normal heart. The energy utilization under this condition is
      equal in both hearts. Therefore, the calculated efficiency of the failing heart
      treated with dopamine is much higher than that of the normal heart treated
      similarly.

PMID- 1197889
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the heart.
AB  - Dog hearts were studied with the scanning electron microscope. This technique
      provides a better perspective of the relationships between organelles than can be
      obtained with other methods. Extensive communications between mitochondria,
      sarcoplasmic retiuclum, and nuclear envelop were demonstrated; this suggests the
      presence of a direct pathway between mitochondria and nuclei for the transport of
      ATP and perhaps other substances.

PMID- 1197890
TI  - Nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid content in congenital cardiac malformations.
AB  - Cytophotometric measurements of the DNA content of human heart muscle nuclei were
      performed on normal and congenitally malformed hearts of children. Congenital
      malformations of the heart lead to an early increase of the ploidy pattern as a
      sign of myocardial overload. This increase is significant. It starts, at the
      earliest, after the 3rd week of life. The degree of polyploidization of the
      muscle nuclei in malformed hearts is dependent on the type of overload. Pressure
      load produces a stronger shift to higher ploidy values than does volume load. The
      polyploidization is not dependent on either the heart weight at autopsy or the
      age of the child. It may be concluded that increasing functional requirement is
      the main cause of physiological and pathological polyploidization in hearts of
      children.

PMID- 1197891
TI  - Ultrastructure of human myocardium after total cardiopulmonary bypass during open
      heart surgery.
AB  - During cardiopulmonary bypass surgery without coronary perfusion, most myocardial
      cells show ischemic lesions of the mitochondria but all other cell organelles
      remain unchanged. Ischemic damage to the myocardial cells caused by
      cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for a period of 47 minutes is reversible, since,
      after 20 minutes of reperfusion of the heart, the first signs of mitochondrial
      recovery can be observed. Bypass times exceeding 50 minutes cause severe
      irreversible damage to many myocardial cells.

PMID- 1197892
TI  - Explosive swelling of myocardial cells irreversibly injured by transient
      ischemia.

PMID- 1197893
TI  - Myofibrillar alterations in ischemic myocardium after glucose-insulin-potassium
      infusion.
AB  - GIK infusion after experimental coronary artery ligation in dogs appears to
      reduce the size of the infarct and influence the ultrastructure of some of the
      cells bordering the infarct. These cells contain fine filamentous material
      thought to be actin, which appears to originate near the intercalated disc and is
      thought to represent a reparative process in reversibly injured cells and a
      hypertrophic response in normal cells adjacent to the infarct.

PMID- 1197894
TI  - Myocardial ultrastructure and contraction during short periods of experimental
      ischemia.
AB  - The relationship of structure and function of the intact myocardium during the
      early minutes of experimental ischemia was studied in the anesthetized, open
      chest pig. Regional contraction of ischemic and normal myocardium was measured,
      using isometric strain gauges on the anterior and lateral left ventricle.
      Biopsies for electron microscopy were taken consecutively 5, 10, 15, and 20
      minutes after anterior descending artery occlusion-each followed by 10 minutes of
      reperfusion. Contraction of the ischemic area fell significantly within 15 to 30
      seconds following occlusion, returning to 68, 50, 40, and 28%, respectively,
      after 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes fo ischemia. In contrast, slight morphological
      changes were detected only after 5 and 10 minutes of ischemia, becoming more
      clear after 15 minutes, and unequivocal after 20 minutes-when return of
      contraction was minimal. The morphologic alterations in the ischemic area as seen
      by electron microscopy were: reduction of glycogen granules and specific changes
      in the mitochondria. The latter, consisting of swelling, disruption of cristae,
      and reduction of matrix, began to appear at 5 minutes and were more evident after
      10 minutes of ischemia. These changes, although present, were not always
      proportional to sequential ischemic periods. This apparent lack of correlation
      between contraction and morphology could be due to sampling problems or to the
      focal nature of the ischemic process. However, it could imply that the changes
      seen by electron microscopy are a "late" phenomenon as compared to the loss of
      function. Morphologic corroboration of the immediate decrease of contraction of
      ischemic myocardium still escapes the perception of current morphological
      techniques. It is hoped that more refined stereological measurements will help
      bridge the present gap between function and morphology in early myocardial
      ischemia.

PMID- 1197895
TI  - Electrolyte changes in myocardial injury.
AB  - The shifts in the myocardial electrolyte metabolism during secondary or primary
      cardiopathies in dogs and rats, respectively, are described. Major attention is
      paid to the changes of Ca in the myocardial tissue. The increase in the Ca level
      after ligation of ramus circumflex of the left coronary artery, or after F-COL +
      Na2HPO4, and vitamin D2 administration, is regarded as a triggering process for
      more profound successive changes in the metabolism of the myocardial cell, which
      eventually lead to depletion of the high energy phosphate reserves. In the dogs
      with experimental coronary occlusion, the normalization of the myocardial
      ionogram, i.e., the ratio of K, Na, Ca, and Mg, was achieved by means of the
      mechanical heart assist, using the original design of the blood pump, where
      bypass and counterpulsation principles work simultaneously. The normalization of
      the Ca level in this case was achieved on the basis of a marked reduction of the
      volume work of the left ventricle, which is secured by the bypass component; on
      the other hand, the counterpulsation component of the combined pump secures the
      reduction of pressure work placed upon the left ventricle (represented by the
      decrease fo the end-diastolic pressure) and helps in the opening of the
      collaterals in the infarcted area during early diastole. Thus, the oxygen supply
      to the ischemic zone is improved. On the basis of our experiments with the
      combined blood pump, the failing heart is supported, not only hemodynamically,
      but also from the metabolic point of view. A similar effect is achieved by the
      administration of K-Mg-aspartate, and K-L- or K-DL-aspartate in dogs with
      experimental infarction. In primary electrolyte steroid cardiopathies
      characterized by necrosis, K-Mg-aspartate or K-aspartate only prevents the Ca
      increase in the myocardial tissue, whereas Mg-L- or Mg-DL-aspartate remains
      without andy effect. The necrotic changes observed after vitamin D2
      administration are always accompanied by extremely high Ca levels in the
      myocardium. It shown in our experiments that administration of K-Mg-aspartate or
      Fe-dextran decreases the Ca level and reduces the necrotic and myolytic changes
      in the cardiac tissue. The authors recommend as an effective means in the therapy
      of acute heart failure the combination of mechanical heart support with the
      causative pharmacological therapy.

PMID- 1197896
TI  - Membrane permeability alterations as manifestation of early cardiac muscle cell
      injury.
AB  - Studies with extracellular fine structural diffusion protein tracers, horseradish
      peroxidase and ferritin, were carried out on catecholamine-induced cardiac muscle
      cell injury. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and isoproterenol were administered in
      a dose of 4- 6 mug/100g body weight by continuous intravenous infusion. For
      follow-up studies, isoproterenol was also given subcutaneously in a dose of 8.5
      mg/100 g body weight as a single injection. In contrast to saline-infused
      controls and following epinephrine infusion, where these tracers always remained
      extracellular, norepinephrine- and isoproterenol-infused animals exhibited
      alteration of sarcoplasmic membrane permeability to macromolecules in the early
      stage of evolution preceding fine structural changes of cardiac muscle cells.
      This was reflected by the intrasarcoplasmic presence of peroxidase in some
      cardiac muscle cells which otherwise showed no ultrastructural alteration.
      Deposition upon and selective binding of the extracellular protein tracer,
      peroxidase, to intact myofilament was also a characteristic early change that may
      affect the contraction-relaxation mechanism of the myofilaments and may
      contribute to the evolution of necrobiotic alteration. In structurally altered
      cells, peroxidase showed similar affinity to contraction bands and fragmented
      myofilaments. Furthermore, these studies disclosed different sensitivities of
      various membrane components of the cardiac muscle cell. While in the early pahse
      of cell damage no peroxidase could be detected in various intrasarcoplasmic
      compartments, with increasing severity of the lesion the external and internal
      mitochondrial membranes as well as the sarcoplasmic reticulum were also affected.
      When the large molecular tracer, ferritin, was used, the sequence of events in
      altered cardiac muscle cells followed that outlined for peroxidase. However, free
      ferritin molecules could not be demonstrated in the sarcoplasm of cardiac muscle
      cells which exhibited normal ultrastructure.

PMID- 1197897
TI  - Isoproterenol-induced necrotic lesions of embryonic heart tissue.
AB  - Chick embryos were used for analyzing the effect of isoproterenol on the
      embryonic heart. Isoproterenol (2 x 80 mg/kg in 48 hrs) was injected into the
      amniotic sac from the 5th embryonic day to the time of hatching. From the 5th to
      the 7th embryonic day (ed), transposition of great vessels occurs. From the 7th
      to the 14th ed, blockade of development of coronary vascularization was regularly
      observed, particularly in the ventral wall of the right ventricle. This effect is
      always associated with persistence of intertrabecular spaces in the
      nonvascularized area and with a higher water content in the heart. From the 10th
      to the 12th ed, degenerative changes of the cardiac musculature can be observed.
      Lesions were characterized by typical myolysis; capillaries in the affected area
      were dilated and blocked with packed erythrocytes. Necrotic changes were
      localized only in those parts of the ventricular walls where the vascular bed and
      myoarchitecture were normally developed. In comparison with similar changes in
      adult specimens, inflammatory cellularization is lacking.

PMID- 1197898
TI  - Histochemical and electron microscopic studies of acute cardiomyopathy induced by
      restraint stress in pigs.
AB  - In 23 healthy crossbred pigs of Yorkshire and Swedish Landrace (body weight 85 to
      90 kg), stress was produced by pharmacological restraint. Cardiac lesions were
      observed in all the experimental animals, but no alterations were seen in the 9
      controls. The lesions consisted of focal myocardial necrosis with infiltration of
      mononuclear inflammatory cells. Histochemical stains for two dehydrogenases,
      cytochrome oxidase and unspecific esterase, were applied to fresh-frozen sections
      of heart muscle. The damaged muscle fibers exhibited initially an increase in
      formazan deposits, and then a decrease and total loss of enzymatic activity. A
      reduction or total loss of glycogen and accumulation of lipids were demonstrated
      in the damaged myocardium ultrastructurally. The mitochondria were swollen with
      focal loss of the cristae. They often exhibited electron-dense of diverse
      appearance. In degenerating cells, the myofilaments usually lacked the normal
      cross-striations whereas, in necrotic foci, the changes ranged from clumping to
      complete lysis of the myofilaments. The sarcoplasmic reticulum and the T system
      contained numerous dilated vesicles in cells with mitochondrial and myofibrillar
      damage. It was concluded that the myocardial alterations, following restraint
      stress, were caused by a reflex liberation of cardiotoxic catecholamines.

PMID- 1197899
TI  - Myocardial lesions induced by rapeseed oil-rich diet in the rat: ultrastructural
      aspects.
AB  - Rats were fed a diet containing 15 g% of rapeseed oil rich in erucic acid (55%).
      At different stages of the experiment, the hearts were examined in the electron
      microscope and planimetric studies were performed, with special attention to
      lipid accumulation and mitochondrial mass. The already known data concerning the
      early appearance and reversibility of the intracellular lipidosis, the delay (2
      to 3 months) in the occurrence of the cellular lesions, and the lack of
      correlation between the degree of lipidosis and degenerative changes were
      confirmed...

PMID- 1197900
TI  - Myocardial injury produced by antineoplastic drugs.
AB  - Histologic and ultrastructural studies were performed on the heart of 16 patients
      with fatal leukemias or solid tumors. Multifocal myocardial degenerative lesions,
      characterized by alterations in contractile elements, mitochondria, and nuclei,
      were found in 12 patients treated with high total doses of anthracyclines, but
      not in 3 patients who did receive such therapy. One patient who received a high
      dose of cyclophosphamide as well as a high total dose of daunorubicin exhibited
      extensive hemorrhagic myocardial necrosis and multifocal degenerative lesions.
      This study documents the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines and
      cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 1197901
TI  - Depressed myocardial function in subacute experimental viral myocarditis.
AB  - A model of experimental Coxsackie virus B3 myocarditis has been developed in the
      weaning Syrian golden hamster. The acute infection is characterized by extensive
      viral replication in the myocardium, associated with transient myocytolysis and
      leukocytic infiltration. At 2 weeks after inoculation, there is survival without
      evidence of cardiac hypertrophy or failure, and minimal residual light
      microscopic changes. In order to evaluate myocardial function during
      convalescence form this form of myocarditis, muscle mechanics were studied in
      left ventricular trabeculae careae in 10 infected and 7 control animals, 18 days
      after inoculation. Maximum developed tension of the infected animals was
      depressed by 25%, and there was a significant decrease in the time to peak
      tension. Furthermore, the infected muscles required less stretch to reach that
      length at which maximal developed tension was produced. These data indicate that
      myocardial function remains depressed during early convalescence from acute
      Coxsackie virus B3 myocarditis and suggest that this state is associated with
      decreased compliance. Studies of myocardial morphology and function at longer
      intervals after acute experimental viral myocarditis are indicated, to further
      test the hypothesis that viral myocarditis might be a precursor chronic
      isiopathic cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1197902
TI  - Morphological changes after combined administration of isoproterenol and K+,Mg2+
      aspartate as a physiological Ca2+ antagonist.
AB  - The possibility of prevention of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced morphological
      changes by Ca2+ antagonists was investigated in the heart muscle of dogs. ISO in
      a dose of 7 mg/kg caused marked histochemical and electron microscopical necrotic
      changes. K+, Mg2+ aspartate (K,Mg-ASP) administered alone in a dose of 100 mg/kg
      changed slightly almost all cell components. K,Mg-ASP treatment applied prior to
      administration of ISO after 24 hours resulted in an improvement of the
      ultrastructure, which generally exhibited marked restoration resembling metabolic
      regeneration and/or enhanced metabolic activity.

PMID- 1197903
TI  - Pathological accumulation of calcium by mitochondria: modulation by magnesium.
AB  - Magnesium causes a marked decrease in the initial rates of respiration-supported
      calcium uptake by isolated heart mitochondria. Differential responses of
      mitochondrial respiration and cytochrome b redox states in the presence and
      absence of magnesium indicate that with magnesium present, heart mitochondria
      retain the ability to phosphorylate ADP after calcium uptake. Electron microscopy
      of the isolated mitochondria after calcium accumulation revealed markedly
      different crystal structures within the matrix space depending on the presence or
      absence of magnesium. The results suggest a "protective" effect of magnesium on
      the phosphorylating mechanism of mitochondria during active calcium uptake.
      Further, magnesium appears to determine the type of crystal structure formation
      within the intramitochondrial compartment.

PMID- 1197904
TI  - Possible role of magnesium loss in the pathogenesis of myocardial fiber necrosis.
AB  - Cellular loss of Mg is associated with uncoupling of oxydative phosphorylation
      and disruption of Mg-dependent intra-mitochondrial enzyme systems. The link of Mg
      loss and its association with intracellular Ca accumulation in the pathogenesis
      of myocardial fiber necrosis (MFN) has been clearly established in dietary Mg
      deficiency. Rapid loss of myocardial Mg has been demonstrated also in acute
      hypoxic states and in patients succumbing to myocardial infarction. Evidence from
      this laboratory indicates that loss of myocardial Mg may be a basic biochemical
      denominator in the development of MFN of diverse etiology, initiating a
      stereotyped ionic disequilibrium which encompasses loss of inorg. P and K
      accumulation of Na and Ca. This applies to MFN elicited by NaH2PO4 loading of
      parathyroidectomized rats, by injection of cardiotoxic dosages of adrenergic
      amines or by ligation of coronary vessels. Prevention of myocardial Ca
      accumulation by prior parathyroidectomy, did not interefere with emergence of MFN
      nor did it obviate the Mg loss and the remaining electrolyte disturbances. These
      parallel findings with three unrelated models of MFN do not support the view of a
      determinant role of CA overload. Administration of Mg salts, on the other hand,
      provided substantial protection against MFN induced by NaH2PO4 loading of PTX
      rats or by isoproterenol. The protective effect was reflected in a highly
      significant shift of the deranged myocardial electrolyte pattern towards normal.
      In rats pretreated for 3 weeks with DCA-saline, isoproterenol induced myocardial
      electrolyte changes including Mg depletion were associated with an enormous
      potentiation of the arrhythmogenic propensity of this catecholamine, resulting in
      almost 20,000-fold increase in its acute toxicity. Pretreatment with Mg salts or
      Mg-sparing drugs offered clear-out protection against arrhythmias as well as
      against catecholamine-induced MFN.

PMID- 1197906
TI  - Drug abuse from the viewpoint of the juvenile psychiatry.

PMID- 1197905
TI  - [Accomodation for addicts].

PMID- 1197907
TI  - [An ambulatory therapeutic program for the rehabilitation of adolescent drug
      addicts ("fixers")].

PMID- 1197908
TI  - Cervical spondylitis.

PMID- 1197909
TI  - Population and family planning programs: a factbook.

PMID- 1197910
TI  - Molecular mechanisms for prevention of polyspermy.

PMID- 1197911
TI  - Effect of ethanol on diazepam distribution in rat.
AB  - The effect of an acute oral dose of ethanol (3 g/kg), administered 30 min prior
      to oral administration of 14C-diazepam (5 mg/kg), on the fate of radioactivity in
      rats was examined. Ethanol pretreated rats possessed higher tissue levels at 60,
      90 and 120 min than control animals. Blood, liver, kidney and plasma tissues
      showed 1.5 fold differences, adipose tissue exhibited a 2.4 to 3.6-fold increase,
      with brain showing 3.9, 4.5 and 5.4 fold higher levels of 14C at 60, 90 and 120
      min respectively. Octanol extraction of plasma and ethyl acetate extraction of
      brain tissues indicated ethanol pretreated animals possessed a higher percentage
      of extractable radioactivity than controls. Thin-layer chromatography of the
      extracts suggested that biotransformation of 14C-diazepam was inhibited by
      ethanol, causing brain levels of 14C-diazepam at 60 min to be 6.4 fold higher
      than that observed in controls.

PMID- 1197912
TI  - Substituted cycloalkanol ethers of psychostimulant activity: studies on
      quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AB  - Quantitative relationships between chemical structures and locomotor activities
      of 20 substituted cycloalcanol basic ethers have been investigated using Hansch-
      and Free-Wilson methods. The Hansch-type regression analysis performed on 10
      compounds having different cycloalkyl-rings revealed the highly significant role
      of the hydrophobic characteristics on the activity tested. The QSAR-study of 20
      cycloalcanol-ethers according to Free and Wilson gave a significant equation with
      good statistical indices. On the basis of the results the compounds under study
      appear not to exert their activity through interaction with receptor raising
      strict sterical and electrical requirements.

PMID- 1197913
TI  - The selective effects of alpha-methyl aromatic amino acids on brain monoamine
      metabolites and behavior in cats.
AB  - Alpha-methyldopa or alpha-methylmetatyrosine (100 mg/kg) were administered orally
      to cats and the EEG recorded for 9 hours. Through the first 6 hours after each
      administration, the concentration of cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5
      hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) selectively decreased from control (hour 0)
      while homovanillic acid (HVA) levels showed only small changes. On observation,
      the animals were quiet but awake. At 9 hours after alpha-methyldopa
      administration, the percentage decrease of 5-HIAA was significantly greater from
      the percentage decrease of HVA. The EEG record from 6-9 hours following either
      drug showed fewer intervals of EEG synchronization in both duration and
      frequency. These results indicate that behavior and EEG can be related to changes
      in brain monoamine metabolism determined in CSF. After either drug
      administration, dopamine turnover (as indicated by HVA) was higher than that of
      serotonin (as indicated by 5-HIAA) which corresponded to EEG desynchronization
      and other behavioral indicators of wakefulness.

PMID- 1197914
TI  - The influence of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol and cannabidiol on
      tissue oxygen consumption.
AB  - The mechanism of the hypothermia produced in mice by the naturally occurring
      cannabinoids, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol, and cannabidiol, was
      investigated by evaluating the direct effect of these drugs on the oxygen
      consumption of tissue homogenates and isolated mitochondria. The tissues studied
      were brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart; the mitochondrial preparations
      were limited to brain and skeletal muscle. The in-vitro studies included a
      description of the influence of various cannabinoid vehicles containing Tween 80,
      ethanol, Pluronic F68, and albumin on the oxygen consumption of tissue
      preparations. Of these vehicles, only albumin was without effect on all tissues.
      The other vehicles produced diverse responses, including some that were
      qualitatively different; the data illustrate that the influence of each vehicle
      on oxygen consumption must be defined for each tissue employed. In spite of the
      different vehicle effects, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol generally reduced oxygen
      consumption of all tissue preparations; however, the vehicles were capable of
      modifying the dose-effect relationship. The results of all three drugs prepared
      in Pluronic F68 on brain and skeletal muscle indicated that the cannabinoids
      generally cause a dose-related depression of oxygen consumption. The findings
      demonstrate that the cannabinoids can directly decrease oxidative metabolism of
      tissue and isolated mitochondria and that a marked response occurs in the
      concentration range of 1 X 10(-5) to 1 X 10(-4) M. Because these concentrations
      can exist in tissues following the in-vivo administration of delta9
      tetrahydrocannabinol, the results suggest that the depressant effect of the
      cannabinoids on metabolic rate may contribute to the mechanism of the hypothermia
      produced by the drugs.

PMID- 1197915
TI  - Effect of selenium on methylmercury binding to subcellular and soluble proteins
      in rat tissues.
AB  - The possible mechanism involved in the protection of Se against the toxicity of
      methylmercury was investigated with rats. Pretreatment with Se increased the Hg
      content slightly in the blood (30%), moderately in the testes (doubled), and
      markedly in the brain (5 times), while decreasing that in the kidneys by half.
      The Hg content in the liver, spleen, heart and plasma was not significantly
      affected. Of the subcellular fractions, most (40-50%) of the tissue Hg was found
      in the soluble fraction (cytosol) of the liver, kidneys and spleen, but not the
      brain which had 65% of its Hg located in the crude nuclear fraction and only 24%
      in the soluble fraction. Se did not significantly affect the subcellular Hg
      distribution other than that which could be accounted for by its effect on the
      whole tissue uptake. In the soluble fraction, most of the Hg was associated with
      hemoglobin-containing and low molecular weight (MW less than 5,000) fractions,
      which is in contrast to reported data for inorganic Hg which binds to
      metallothionein (MW = 10,000). The distribution pattern of methylmercury between
      different molecular weight proteins within the soluble fraction was not
      significantly affected by Se which is also in contrast to reported work on
      inorganic Hg. Thus, Se pretreatment may protect the kidneys by reducing their
      methylmercury uptake, but apparently protects other organs by a different
      mechanism. The possible mechanism of protection by Se against inorganic Hg in
      which this element is diverted to presumably less critical proteins in the
      soluble fraction is apparently not operating in the case of methylmercury.

PMID- 1197916
TI  - Barbital-induced cross-tolerance to barbiturates by the intracisternal route of
      administration.
AB  - Male rats receiving 2.4 mg of barbital-sodium intracisternally every 3 hours for
      4 injections exhibited a significant decrease in sleeping time over that of
      control animals when challenged with pentobarbital 17 hours after the last
      pretreatment. These tolerant animals did not show a significant increase in
      either (14C)-leucine incorporating activity or hepatic aminopyrine demethylase
      activity. This intracisternal induced cross tolerance to pentobarbital is
      apparently not due to hepatic enzyme induction, but may be related to an altered
      sensitivity of the central nervous system to these agents.

PMID- 1197917
TI  - Reserpine and calcium: interaction at the injection site.
AB  - The subcutaneous administration of calcium prior to reserpine prevented the
      development of the well-known reserpine effects. Pretreatment with other bivalent
      cations induced a similar effect. The inhibitory effect of reserpine on the in
      vitro uptake of labelled catecholamines in brain homogenates was also prevented
      in rats pretreated with bivalent cations. On the other hand when calcium was
      injected at a site other than that of reserpine, there was no antagonistic
      effect. The latter results suggest an interaction between bivalent cations and
      reserpine at the injection site that prevents the systemic absorption of
      reserpine.

PMID- 1197918
TI  - Regional formation of 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline in rat brain
      extract.
AB  - In the presence of 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeOT), 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5
      MTHF) yields 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline (6-MeOTHbetaC) in rat
      brain extracts, possibly via formaldehyde formation catalyzed by
      methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. The formation of 6-MeOTHbetaC in selected
      brain regions, ranging from 452 +/- 40 pmol formed per mg protein per hour in
      corpus striatum to 119 +/- 17 pmol in cingulate cortex, is significantly
      correlated with the regional distribution of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline
      (THbetaC) formed from 5-MTHF and tryptamine (r = 0.76, p less than 0.01) as well
      as that of methylene-beta-phenylethylimine (MbetaphiEI) from 5-MTHF and beta
      phenylethylamine (betaphiEA; r = 0.90, p less than 0.01). FAD enhances the
      activity, lowering both Vmax and Km values with respect to 5-MeOT and Vmax, but
      not Km, with respect to 5-MTHF.

PMID- 1197919
TI  - Effect of pretreatment with prednisolone on enzyme efflux from isolated skeletal
      and heart muscle.
AB  - In a previous study, the efflux of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate
      dehydrogenase (LDH) which takes place from isolated mouse skeletal muscle was
      shown to be significantly reduced by pretreatment of the intact animal with
      diethylstilbestrol (DES). This compound is known to reduce the high serum enzymes
      present in patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). Glucocorticoids
      also reduce the serum enzymes in DMD. The purpose of this study was to determine
      if pretreatment with the glucocorticoid, prednisolone, also lowered the efflux
      from isolated mouse skeletal and cardiac muscle. The results of these studies
      show that prednisolone pretreatment lowers the enzyme efflux from isolated
      skeletal muscle, but not from heart. There is an optimal dose which produces this
      reduction, which if exceeded, augments the efflux. Thus two agents are now known
      which lower the efflux of CPK and LDH from isolated skeletal muscle. These same
      two agents lower the high serum enzymes in DMD. This suggests, but does not
      prove, that the mechanism by which these agents lower the serum enzymes in DMD is
      by reducing enzyme efflux from skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1197920
TI  - Absorption of sulfate ions in the rat lung.
AB  - To investigate the absorption of 35S-sulfate ions from the rat lung in the
      presence of sodium, ammonium, and chloride ions, 0.1 ml of isotonic sucrose
      solution containing the salts was instilled via a tracheal cannula into
      anesthetized animals. After various times the lungs were removed and assayed for
      35S-radioactivity. Sulfate ion absorption was found to be nonsaturable and
      proportional to the concentration of sulfate ion, with a t 1/2 =34.5 minutes.
      Ammonium ions enhanced the absorption of sulfate ions by 10.8 +/- 3.1% and
      chloride ions decreased the absorption of sulfate ions by 6.6 +/- 3.0%.

PMID- 1197921
TI  - Effect of plasma protein binding on the anticoagulant action of warfarin in rats.
AB  - The relationships between the anticoagulant effect and the concentrations of free
      and total (sum of free and protein-bound) warfarin in plasma were determined in
      rats following intravenous administration of single doses of racemic warfarin or
      S(-)-warfarin. The concentration of total warfarin required to elicit a defined
      anticoagulant effect varied widely between animals while the concentration of
      free warfarin showed much less variation. This indicates that the anticoagulant
      effect of warfarin is a function of its free concentration in plasma.

PMID- 1197922
TI  - Saturable binding of morphine to rat brain-stem slices and the effect of chronic
      morphine treatment.
AB  - The binding of morphine to brainstem slices was studied with nanomolar
      concentrations of (3H)-morphine. Rat brainstem slices were incubated at 35
      degrees C and immediately homogenized. Bound morphine was estimated using
      Millipore filters to separate unbound morphine. Binding of labelled morphine was
      markedly inhibited by either non-labelled morphine or naloxone, indicating that a
      substantial portion of the binding is saturable. The saturable morphine binding
      to slices was significantly greater than that to brainstem tissue homogenized
      prior to incubation with morphine, whereas non-saturable binding was the same in
      both preparations. Saturable binding of morphine to brainstem slices was lower in
      rats rendered tolerant to morphine (using pellet implantation) than in non
      tolerant controls. It appears that chronic morphine treatment decreases the
      affinity of the opiate receptor for morphine. It is concluded that the slice is
      the preferable preparation for the in vitro estimation of opiate receptor binding
      and that chronic morphine treatment alters the binding of morphine to brainstem.

PMID- 1197923
TI  - Stabilization of brain free polysomes by morphine.
AB  - The effect of morphine on brain free polysomes prepared from mouse brain was
      studied. It was found that morphine binds to polysomes and protects them from
      disaggregation. The significance of this effect with respect to brain protein is
      discussed.

PMID- 1197924
TI  - Acetylcholine storage and its stabilization by morphine.
AB  - Acetylcholine binds to adenosine-triphosphate in vitro by ionic bonds between the
      ammonium ion and the phosphate, as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance data. This
      binding is further increased by morphine, which also binds to adenosine
      triphosphate, but not to acetylcholine. The opiate antagonists naloxone and
      naltrexone show similar effects. This may offer a molecular explanation of
      acetylcholine release impairment in nerve endings by narcotic analgestic drugs.

PMID- 1197925
TI  - Noradrenergic involvement in the acute effects of ethanol.
AB  - These studies were designed to determine several, possibly related, physiological
      correlates of an acute dose of ethanol. Male rats were injected with 0.5, 1.0, or
      2.5 g/kg of ethanol intraperitoneally, and the accumulation of newly synthesized
      labeled norepinephrine (from 3H-tyrosine) and of labeled norepinephrine
      metabolites was examined in several brain regions. Ethanol treatment increased
      labeled norepinephrine and decreased norepinephrine metabolities in the
      hypothalamus, brain stem plus midbrain, and telencephalon, without altering
      endogenous norepinephrine levels. A time course, selected on the basis of
      previous behavioral studies (Jaffe and Pohorecky, submitted manuscript) on the
      effects of ethanol on central noradrenergic neurons, disclosed that the
      accumulation of labeled norepinephrine metabolites was higher than that in saline
      injected controls from 30-60 minutes after ethanol injection in the brainstem
      plus midbrain area, while between 5 and 35 minutes levels were lower than those
      in control animals. Plasma corticosterone levels were highest 30 minutes after
      saline injection, while in the ethanol group (1 g/kg) steroids were highest 60
      minutes after the injection. Body temperature was significantly decreased only by
      the 2.5 g/kg dose of ethanol; the hypothermia became evident 50 minutes after an
      injection of this dosage. We conclude that the brief hypermotile stage produced
      by a 1 g/kg dose of ethanol (Jaffe and Pohorecky, submitted manuscript) is
      possibly related to the increased synthesis and release of norepinephrine from
      central noradrenergic neurons.

PMID- 1197926
TI  - Thermal alterations in onset and offset rate constants for chlorpheniramine.
AB  - The onset and offset rate constants for chlorpheniramine were obtained using the
      longitudinal muscle of guinea pig ileum. Between 21 degrees C and 37 degrees C
      these values follwed linear Arrhenius plots with activation energies similar to
      other biological systems. Below 18 degrees C the nature of the antagonism changed
      prohibiting estimation of the rate constants. It is concluded that at higher
      temperatures the histamine receptor behaves in a uniform manner, but below 20
      degrees C a change in properties occurs.

PMID- 1197927
TI  - Avoidance and poke behavior in rats after gonadectomy and hormanal treatment.
AB  - The effects of gonadectomy and hormonal treatment upon such emotional behavior as
      discriminated lever-press avoidance and poke activity were examined in the rat.
      Gonadectomy at 2 mo of age significantly increased the avoidance of female
      animals but did not affect those of males or the poke performance of either sex.
      High, multiple, subcutaneous injections of estradiol benzoate (125 mug/kg),
      progesterone (80 mg/kg) or their combination led to significant declines in
      avoidance behavior among females spayed at 2 mo of age. Other significant
      findings included a sex difference in poke performance where intact females,
      compared to intact males, executed more responses. Significant decrements in poke
      behavior were also observed for all subjects, regardless of sex, during testing
      and from one session to the next.

PMID- 1197929
TI  - Incidence and range of microscopic hematuria in patients with indwelling urinary
      catheters.
AB  - The presence and number of red blood cells (RBCs) in the urine after
      catheterization were ascertained in 40 patients without urinary tract pathology
      or other cause for hematuria. Before catheterization, 90% of the patients had
      less than or equal to 1 RBC/high power field (HPF), a figure similar to that for
      normal volunteers. Two days after catheterization, however, 61,5% of the patients
      had 2 RBC/HPF with a range between zero and "too numerous to count." The
      incidence of "hematuria" (greater than or equal to 2 RBC/HPF) declined with time.
      Neither urinary specific gravity nor urinary tract infection could be correlated
      with hematuria. At any time after catheterization, 90% of the patients had
      greater than or equal to 50 RBC/HPF. These data may be helpful in differentiating
      hematuria caused by the catheter from that due to drug reactions or disease
      states.

PMID- 1197928
TI  - The role of the adrenal medulla in the contol of gluconeogenesis in the rat.
AB  - The role of adrenal catecholamines in the control of gluconeogenesis was
      determined in adrenal-demedullated (AD) and sham-operated (SO) rats. In animals
      which were fasted, plasma levels of glucose, lactic acid, glycerol, alanine as
      well as liver or skeletal muscle glycogen, and incorporation of lactic acid-14C
      into glucose were not significantly different between AD and SO rats. During
      exercise (forced running), SO rats were found to have significantly higher plasma
      glucose levels, lower skeletal muscle glycogen levels, and greater incorporation
      of lactic acid-14C into glucose that AD rats. No significant differences in
      plasma levels of lactic acid, glycerol, alanine, or liver glycogen were detected
      in the animals which were exercised. During a combined regimen of fasting and
      exercise, SO rats exhibited higher plasms glucose levels and significantly
      greater incorporation of lactic acid-14C into glucose than did AD rats.
      Epinephrine administration produce quantitatively similar effects on blood
      glucose levels and on incorporation of lactic acid-14C into glucose in fasted,
      exercised AD and SO rats. Glucose utilization, as measured by the disapperance of
      glucose-14C from the plasma of fasted, exercised rats, was not altered by adrenal
      demedullation. It is concluded that, under certain conditions, adrenal medullary
      catecholamines play a significant role in the control of gluconeogenesis in the
      rat, probably through an effect on the glucose synthesizing enzyme systems of the
      liver.

PMID- 1197930
TI  - Bioenergetics in clinical medicine. III. Inhibition of coenzyme Q10-enzymes by
      clinically used anti-hypertensive drugs.
AB  - Background data revealed that some American and Japanese patients with essential
      hypertension, including many who were not being treated with any anti
      hypertensive drug, had a deficiency of coenzyme Q10. Eight clinically used anti
      hypertensive drugs have now been tested for inhibition of two mitochondrial
      coenzyme Q10-enzymes of heart tissue, succinoxidase and NADH-oxidase. Diazoxide
      and propranolol significantly inhibited the CoQ10-succinoxidase and CoQ10-NADH
      oxidase, respectively. Metoprolol did not inhibit succinoxidase, and was one
      fourth as active as propranolol for inhibition of NADH-oxidase.
      Hydrochlorothiazide, hydralazine, ans clonidine also inhibited CoQ10-NADH
      oxidase. Reserpine did not inhibit either CoQ10-enzyme, and methyldopa was a very
      eak inhibitor of succinoxidase. The internationally recognized clinical side
      effects of propranolol may be due, in part, to inhibition of CoQ10-enzymes which
      are indispensable in the bioenergetics of cardiac function. A pre-existing
      deficiency of coenzyme Q10 in the myocardium of hypertensive patients could be
      augmented by subsequent treatment with propranolol, possibly to the "life
      threatening" state described by others.

PMID- 1197931
TI  - Reduction of enzyme efflux from isolated skeletal muscle and heart by
      diethylstilbestrol.
AB  - It was previously shown that the efflux of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and
      lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from isolated mouse gastrocnemius was reduced 20% by
      a daily dose of 10 mug of diethylstilbestrol (DES) given for 14 or 21 days. The
      present study was designed to ascertain to what degree increasing doses of DES
      could suppress the CPK and LDH efflux from isolated skeletal muscle, and if DES
      affected heart in a similar manner. A total of 36 mice were injected with saline
      or 20, 100, 250 and 500 mug DES in saline daily for 14 days. The spontaneous
      efflux of CPK and LDH from the isolated gastrocnemius and heart was then compared
      in control and treated mice. The reduction in efflux was partially dose
      dependent: increasing doses up to 100 mug DES per day, progressively reduced
      skeletal muscle efflux of CPK to 50% and LDH to 30%; higher doses had no
      additional effect. LDH efflux from heart was similarly reduced by DES, but over a
      narrower dosage range. This is the first agent shown to lower the spontaneous
      enzyme efflux from these two organs. These studies confirm that DES lowers the
      enzyme efflux from skeletal muscle; and though this effect is dose-related, the
      efflux could not be completely suppressed. The mechanism responsible for this
      reduction remains to be determined.

PMID- 1197932
TI  - Human deficiencies of vitamin B6. I. Studies on parameters of the assay of the
      glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase by the CAS principle.
AB  - Human deficiencies of vitamin B6 may be detected and accurately measured by a
      dual enzymic assay which is based on the CAS principle, i.e., the unsaturation
      and saturation of the coenzyme (pyridoxal 5'-phosphate) of a Coenzyme - Apoenzyme
      System. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) is excellent for this assay. Two
      control groups (24 athletes and 25 students) showed deficiencies of GOT activity
      of 11+/-6% and 12+/-7%, respectively, which are negligible and which may be
      compared with analogous data from disease states. Contrary to a previous report,
      GOT activities must be determined within one day of preparation of the enzyme for
      meaningful assays. Frozen storage of erythrocyte hemolysates up to 21 days showed
      increasing apparent dissociation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from the coenzyme -
      apoenzyme system corresponding to increasing false deficiency levels. Dilution of
      the hemolysates and frozen storage augmented the apparent dissociation and false
      levels. This dual GOT assay is effective to detect and measure human deficiencies
      of vitamin B6.

PMID- 1197934
TI  - Decreased drug tolerance following endocrinological manipulation in the rat.
AB  - Nine groups of rats of rats were either hypophysectomized, adrenalectomized or
      left unoperated. These groups were then subjected to daily increasing injections
      of either morphine HCL, sodium pentobarbital, chloridiazepoxide or saline.
      Hypophysectomy seemed to lower the lethal dose of the three drugs tested.
      Adrenalectomy seemed to have only a minimal effect on the lethal dose of morphine
      HCL or sodium pentobarbital.

PMID- 1197933
TI  - Identification and quantification of drugs in human amniotic fluid.
AB  - Since drugs administered to gravid females are rapidly transferred to the fetus,
      transplacentally acquired drugs and drug metabolities should be excreted by the
      fetus into amniotic fluid. Analyses have been carried out on amniotic fluid
      obtained at the time of delivery using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
      computer system. The drugs that have been identified are caffeine, secobarbital
      and phenobarbital. Theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) and smaller amounts of 1,7-
      and 1,3-dimethylxanthine, three metabolites of caffeine, were also found in
      amniotic fluid, but metabolites of secobarbital and phenobarbital were not
      detected. It is known that human fetal tissues have active enzyme systems for
      metabolizing drugs, but these results suggest that this may be a selective rather
      than general occurence.

PMID- 1197935
TI  - Drug induced biogenesis of nitrosamines.
AB  - It has been demonstrated that potentially corcinogenic nitroso compounds are
      readily formed when certain widely used drugs with secondary alkylaminostructures
      (e.g. nortriptyline and fenfluramine) or drug metabolities with such structures
      (e.g. norpropoxyphene) are reacted with nitrite in dilute acid aqueous medium or
      in human gastric juice under simulated gastric conditions. The reactions occur so
      readily in vitro that new quantitative procedures for the determination of these
      drugs have been developed and based on these principles. The potential hazards
      associated with the long term clinical use of such drugs are discussed.

PMID- 1197936
TI  - Effect of various pharmacological agents on prostaglandin induced increases in
      microvascular permeability.
AB  - The anti-histamines, pyrilamine and chlorpheniramine, the serotonin antagonist,
      methysergide, the beta-adrenolytic, phenoxybenzamine and the anti-cholinergic,
      atropine, antagonized the prostaglandin E1 induced increases in vascular
      permeability. None of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents acted as
      antagonists at these doses.

PMID- 1197937
TI  - Free amino acids in plasma and erythrocytes during and after cardiopulmonary by
      pass in open-heart surgery.
AB  - The concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes of free amino acids before, during
      and after cardiopulmonary by-pass have been determined. During by-pass and the
      early postoperative period the total alpha-amino nitrogen decreased, mainly
      because of changes in glucogenic amino acids; ketogenic amino acids, on the other
      hand, increased. The phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio was markedly increased in all
      cases.

PMID- 1197938
TI  - Restoration of nucleic acid biosynthesis after clinical death and factors
      stimulating the process in vivo.
AB  - The biosynthesis of RNA and DNA falls almost to zero in 60 min after the death of
      rabbits from anoxia, in all the organs of the body. Rapid artificial cooling of
      the rabbits to 20 degrees C undertaken within 10 min after death preserved
      nucleic acid biosynthesis and permitted restoration of life 3-4 h after death,
      with recovery beginning in 60 min. During the reanimation the addition of ATP to
      the blood stimulated the restoration of RNA biosynthesis in the spinal cord to a
      considerable extent; the addition of cocarboxylase to the blood promoted cardiac
      RNA biosynthesis as well as cardiac and pancreatic DNA biosynthesis during
      recovery.

PMID- 1197939
TI  - Concentrations of free amino acids in plasma, erythrocytes and cerebrospinal
      fluid in coma.
AB  - The concentrations of free amino acids were measured in plasma and erythrocytes
      in 15 patients, and in cerebrospinal fluid in eight patients, who were in coma.
      Although there was a variety of causes of coma, there seemed to be a
      characteristic pattern of the concentrations of amino acids for coma, and the
      plasma/cerebrospinal fluid ratios also showed constant patterns.

PMID- 1197940
TI  - The use of cholinesterase in severe head injury.
AB  - White rats were subjected experimentally to head injury, and also observations
      were made on them and on 12 patients with head injuries. It was found that
      injection of cholinesterase brought back to normal function the endogenous
      cholinesterase system, the adrenal cortex and the properdine--albumin complex
      system. Stabilization of these indices of homeostatic activity improved the
      chances of survival of the animals and patients. It was concluded that it would
      be desirable to administer cholinesterase more frequently in the treatment of
      head injury.

PMID- 1197941
TI  - Editorial: After resuscitation--what?

PMID- 1197942
TI  - Aspects of anaesthetic management of heterologous extracorporeal hepatic support
      in patients with acute liver failure.
AB  - Some anaesthetic aspects of heterologous extracorporeal hepatic support for
      patients with acute liver failure have been investigated in animals and men. Two
      types of anaesthesia during hepatectomy in pigs were performed in 20 experiments
      divided into two groups. A convenient anaesthetic technique was found to be the
      combined use of neuroleptanalgesics, gamma-OH, small doses of thiopental sodium
      and nitrous oxide--oxygen mixture. The necessity for care in the procedure of
      temporary liver support for 'poor-risk' patients is outlined. A minimal use of
      drugs which are metabolized by the liver, and avoidance of potent analgesics,
      narcotics, hypotension and hypoxia are the main principles for safe
      extracorporeal hepatic assistance to critically ill patients.

PMID- 1197943
TI  - Localization of irritant receptors in the airways of the dog.
AB  - In dogs the authors have recorded from single fibres of the vagus nerve the
      action potentials originating from rapidly adapting receptors (irritant
      receptors) of the tracheo-bronchial tree activated both by inflation and
      deflation and by i.v. injection of histamine. A gross localization between
      extrapulmonary airways was established for 196 such receptors by probing the
      structures containing them. For 82 receptors a precise localization was
      determined within the extrapulmonary airways and for 51 receptors, localized in
      the lung parenchyma, a further precise localization was established along the
      intrapulmonary airways be dissecting the lung tissue. 66.9% of these receptors
      were found to be in the intrapulmonary airways and 33.1% in the extrapulmonary
      airways. Their distribution along the tracheo-bronchial tree resulted as follows:
      4.75% in the higher 2/3 of the trachea, 9.25% in the lower 1/3 of the trachea and
      the carina, 19.0% in the main bronchus, 25.0% in the lobar bronchi, 36.8% in
      bronchi having a diameter larger than 1 mm and 5.2% in bronchi having a diameter
      smaller than 1 mm. Therefore the concentration of irritant receptors increases
      going from the upper trachea to the lobar bronchi and then sharply decreases
      reaching the smaller airways.

PMID- 1197944
TI  - Kinetics of inert gas equilibration in an exclusively skin-breathing salamander,
      Desmognathus fuscus.
AB  - Characteristics of cutaneous gas exchange in amphibians were studied by analysis
      of the equilibration kinetics of an inert test gas in salamanders which have
      neither lungs nor gills. Specimens of the common dusky salamander (Desmognathus
      fuscus, Plethodontidae, Urodela), average body mass 6.1 g were equilibrated with
      20% chlorodifluoromethane (Freon 22) in oxygen. The time course of subsequent
      elimination of Freon 22 into atmospheric air was more rapid in living than in
      dead animals. This difference was attributed to convective transport by blood
      flow. Several alternative models were proposed, providing a basis for
      quantitative analysis of the data. All models yielded similar values for
      convective conductance due to blood flow. In order to calculate blood flow
      therefrom, a simplified circulation model based on anatomical evidence was used:
      the cardiac output is in part directed to the skin, subserving gas exchange with
      the environment, and in part to the internal organs; the blood returning from
      both skin and internal organs is mixed before reaching the heart. Depending on
      assumptions regarding the model and the partitioning of blood flow to the skin
      and to internal organs, the following range of values was calculated from the
      experimental data: cardiac output, 85-195 mul/(min-g body mass); cutaneous blood
      flow, 27-63 mul/(min-g body mass). Due to inherent assumptions these values must
      be considered minimum estimates.

PMID- 1197945
TI  - Action of intercostal muscle afferents on the respiratory rhythm of anesthetized
      cats.
AB  - Experiments designed to reveal an action of intercostal afferent stimulation on
      the rhythm of breathing were carried out on barbiturate-anesthetized, paralyzed
      cats, ventilated by a positive pressure respirator. Tetanic stimuli were applied
      to midthoracic, external intercostal nerves of intact animals and of animals
      displaying an apneustic pattern consequent to vagotomy and pontine lesions. In
      intact animals, the respiratory rhythm, as indicated by phrenic efferent
      activity, could be paced by intercostal nerve stimuli when they were timed to
      occur in a particular relationship to the lung volume cycle. Apparently, the
      action of the stimuli supplemented the phasic, volume-related afferent input. The
      response required considerable spatial summation and resulted from the action of
      intercostal afferents to either shorten inspiration or prolong expiration. These
      reflex effects could be attributed to activation of group II afferents. Although
      the actions of these afferents were relatively weak in the intact preparation,
      they proved potent in terminating an apneustic breath; brief stimuli, if they
      activated group II afferents, cut short phrenic discharge and initiated an
      expiratory phase, thereby restoring a reasonably normal respiratory rhythm.

PMID- 1197946
TI  - Krogh constants for diffusion of nitrogen and carbon monoxide in bladder tissue.
AB  - We have measured diffusion of N2 and CO through the walls of urinary bladders of
      cats. The excised bladders were inflated with various gas mixtures and suspended
      in air. Values of the Krogh diffusion constants at 37 degrees C are 1.14 X 10(-5)
      for N2, and 1.79 X 10(-5) for CO (units are cm2-min-1-atm-1 and standard errors
      are less than 10% of the values).

PMID- 1197947
TI  - Medullary relay neurons in the carotid-body chemoreceptor pathway of cats.
AB  - Central terminations of the carotid body chemoreceptor afferents were localized
      by recording field potentials and unit activity evoked by electrical stimulation
      of the carotid sinus nerve, and unit activity during chemical stimulation of the
      chemoreceptors. Areas where evoked responses with short latency could be recorded
      and which contained neurons that responded to carotid body excitation were
      located in two regions of the medulla, about the level of the obex: a dorsal
      region which included the nucleus tractus solitarius and the reticular formation
      just below this nucleus; and a ventrolateral region which included the nucleus
      ambiguus and the ventrolateral reticular formation around that nucleus. The
      evoked field responses in the two regions were similar. In these two regions, the
      only neurons which increased their firing both to NaCN and a decreased PIO2 had a
      respiratory, bursting activity which was phase locked with phrenic nerve firing.
      The authors' findings suggest that there is a direct synaptic input from carotid
      body chemoreceptor afferents onto medullary respiratory neurons.

PMID- 1197948
TI  - Role of histamine in the hypoxic vascular response of the lung.
AB  - The lung vasculature responds to alveolar hypoxia by constriction and when the
      hypoxia is localized to one region of the lung, vasoconstriction is also
      localized to that region. Histamine has been alleged to have a role in the
      vasoconstrictor response with generalized alveolar and thus systemic hypoxia, but
      the role for histamine is not clear in localized alveolar hypoxia. Studies were,
      therefore, undertaken to determine the contribution of histamine to the localized
      pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to hypoxia. A divided tracheal cannula was
      used in anesthetized dogs which allowed for ventilation of one lung with oxygen
      to maintain normal systemic oxygenation (mean PaO2 =73 mm Hg) while the other
      lung was ventilated with nitrogen as an alveolar hypoxic stimulus. Perfusion to
      each lung was determined with the 133Xe technique utilizing external counters
      over the chest. Perfusion (Q) was decreased by 32% (P = 0.002) to the hypoxic
      lung after 10 minutes of unilateral nitrogen breathing. After intravenous
      infusion of 20 mg of chlorpheniramine maleate, a potent antihistamine, the
      decrease in Q to the hypoxic lung was unchanged at 30%. After 40-100 mg
      chlorpheniramine the decrease in perfusion was again unchanged at 34%. Therefore
      a significant role was not demonstrated for histamine in the regional pulmonary
      vasoconstrictor response to alveolar hypoxia in the absence of systemic
      hypoxemia.

PMID- 1197949
TI  - The CO2 conductivity electrode, a fast-responding CO2 microelectrode.
AB  - A fast-responding CO2 microelectrode system is presented; it consists of a double
      lumen polyethylene catheter provided with a stainless steel catheter tip covered
      by a CO2-permeable membrane, and connected with each lumen separately to a
      conductivity cell. The catheter is flushed with bidistilled water at constant
      flow rate and conductivity of inflowing and outflowing water is measured. The
      change of conductivity in the water leaving the catheter after exposure of the
      electrode to a medium containing CO2 is related to the PCO2 of the medium. High
      sensitivity and fast response, both depending on the flow rate of the carrier
      water, are shown to oppose each other. When cells are placed at a distance of 45
      cm from the membrane, response time for 90% deflection is about 10 sec (at flow
      rates of 5 ml/min), but when located inside the electrode tip at a distance of
      within 10 mm from the membrane response time is reduced to about 4 sec.
      Hydrodynamical aspects concerning dispersion of CO2 in the carrier water and
      reaction kinetics of CO2 hydration are discussed.

PMID- 1197950
TI  - [Ankylosing spondylitis as a social and medical problem].

PMID- 1197951
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome in the course of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1197952
TI  - [Pharmacodynamics of the therapeutic water of Fojnica].

PMID- 1197953
TI  - [Dermatomyositis and changes in the heart].

PMID- 1197954
TI  - [Large rheumatoid popliteal cyst].

PMID- 1197955
TI  - [Ulcer of the lower leg in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1197956
TI  - [HL-A antigens in ankylosing spondylitis and sacroiliitis].

PMID- 1197957
TI  - [NBT reduction test in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1197958
TI  - [Thrombocytosis in rheumatoid arthritis in the light of 150 cases].

PMID- 1197959
TI  - [Effect of different therapeutic methods on the development of arthropathy in
      patients with gout. Observation of 155 cases].

PMID- 1197960
TI  - [Correlations between neurologic and electromyographic examinations in the
      establishment of a prognosis and therapeutic methods in cases of lumbar nucleus
      pulposus prolapse].

PMID- 1197961
TI  - [Conduction velocity in motor fibers of the peroneal nerve in patients with
      lumbosacral nucleus pulposus prolapse (L4 - S1)].

PMID- 1197962
TI  - [Analysis of diagnostic criteria in ankylosing spondylitis. I. Diagnostic
      criteria of ankylosing spondylitis. Patients and methods].

PMID- 1197963
TI  - [Comparison of the standard method and the one with albumin addition in routine
      determination of the ASO level].

PMID- 1197964
TI  - [Regional intravenous administration of hydrocortisone in the treatment of the
      rheumatoid hand. I. Methods].

PMID- 1197965
TI  - [Functional tests of the rheumatoid hand].

PMID- 1197966
TI  - [Incidence of locomotor system diseases with particular reference to rheumatoid
      arthritis in Poland].

PMID- 1197967
TI  - [Transient complete atrioventricular block in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1197968
TI  - [Furosemide effects on the spontaneous motility of isolated colon in the rat
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197969
TI  - [Sialographic exam in 100 normal subjects and in 42 patients with Sjogren's
      syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197970
TI  - [Long term survival in patients with carcinoma of the pancreas and in patients
      with carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197971
TI  - [Standarization of the staphylococcal clumping test (SCT) for the detection of
      fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP) in serum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197973
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis. I. Generalities (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197972
TI  - [Practical management of proctologic problems. II. Acute proctitis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1197975
TI  - [Diffuse pulmonary diseases].

PMID- 1197974
TI  - [New facts in the epidemiology of gastric cancer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1197976
TI  - [Respiratory acidosis].

PMID- 1197977
TI  - [Treatment of oxyuriasis with mebendazole. Therapeutic schema for use in a
      children's community].

PMID- 1197978
TI  - [Physiological basis of balneotherapy. VII. Therapeutic effects of carbogaseous
      baths and of the thermal cure].

PMID- 1197979
TI  - [Carotid auscultation. Correlation in 200 patients with 332 angiograms].
AB  - 1. Results of auscultation of carotid arteries have been reviewed in 200 adults
      patients with 332 carotid angiograms. Cases with abnormal cardiac bruits of
      supraclavicular buits were excluded. There was no case with stenosis of the
      external artery or significant anemia. 2. The present series of patients
      comprises : 100 with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis, 50 with ICA
      occlusion and normal contralateral ICA, 50 with cerebral space-occupying lesions.
      3. A bruit was present in 80/132 ICA stenosis (60 per cent), 60/84 ICA stenoses
      reducing the lumen by more than 75 per cent (71 per cent), 20/48 ICA stenoses
      reducing the lumen by less than 75 per cent (41 per cent). It appeared likely
      that the presence of an ICA stenosis plays a role in the presence of a
      contralateral bruit where a contralateral stenosis or occlusion are present. 4.
      An ipsilateral bruit was present in 50/50 ICA occlusions. A contralateral bruit
      was present in 7 patients the ICA angiogram being normal. A bruit was present on
      both sides in 4 patients and it may be that some patients are somewhat apt to
      have bruits. 5. There was no bruit in 49 patients with normal carotid angiograms
      and a cerebral space-occupying lesion. Data from the present series suggest that
      where both ICA's are normal auscultation is falsely positive in less than 10 per
      cent of patients.

PMID- 1197980
TI  - [Amyotrophy and neuronal depopulation of cerebral origin].
AB  - Amyotrophy of cerebral origin was analyzed in 12 hemiplegics by means of
      comparative histological, histoenzymological, histographic and biochemical
      analysis of biopsies carried out in symmetrical zones. In the 6 cases in which
      atrophy predominated on the paralyzed side, it occurred early, the deficiency
      affecting the upper limb in particular and the sensory disturbance being
      irregular. Attempted numeration of the motor units remaining, according to the
      "incremential" method of stimulation, suggests a numerical reduction on the
      hemipelgic side. Despite reservations and general criticisms of this method, its
      comparative value, although approximate, must be acknowledged. However, although
      amyotrophy presumes a transsynaptic change in trophic function to have taken
      place in the peripheral neurone, neuronal depopulation--if one accepts it--cannot
      be other than functional.

PMID- 1197981
TI  - [Resistance in cerebrospinal fluid flow in normal pressure hydrocephalus].
AB  - C.S.F. resistance to flow (Rf) was measured in 24 patients by the mean of a
      constant infusion manometric test, and the results were compared with those of
      pneumo-encephalography and isotope cisternography. It is concluded that Rf is
      constantly elevated in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus, is at least
      as reliable as the two other tests and therefore provides a really valuable aid
      to the identification of the patients to be shunted.

PMID- 1197982
TI  - [Methyl bromide poisoning. 3 cases, 1 fatal. Neruopathological study of one case
      of coma with myoclonus followed for 5 years].
AB  - Three new cases of methyl bromide poisoning (leakage from a fire extinguisher)
      are reported. Two of these were characterized, after an initial period of coma
      and myoclonic status, by an action myoclonus. Electrical data are presented. A
      follow up of 4 and 8 years allowed to study the effect of drugs, two of which
      (clonazepam and baclofene) being pecularly contributive. The third patient
      outlived for 5 years in a stuporous state with myoclonus. The anatomical findings
      consisted mainly of a necrosis of both inferior colliculi with gliosis in the
      upper brain stem reticular formation and moderate changes in the dentate and
      pontine nuclei. Their significance is discussed in view of physiological and
      experimental knowledge.

PMID- 1197984
TI  - [Editorial: Non-invasive diagnostic methods in cardiology].

PMID- 1197983
TI  - [Pure (dynamic ?) agraphia of frontal origin. Apropos of one case].
AB  - A case of pure graphic disorder without any disorder of speech, reading or praxis
      is described. The conditions under which it occurred after surgery for frontal
      oligodendroglioma would seem to confirm that a single frontal lesion is involve
      affecting in particular the foot of F2. This case is compared with similar ones
      which have appeared in the literature and are classified within the wider
      category of kinesthetic disorders caused by frontal lobe lesion.

PMID- 1197985
TI  - [Surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases].

PMID- 1197987
TI  - [Value of scintillography in the diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema and its
      clinical stages].

PMID- 1197986
TI  - [Effect of dexetimide on intra-ocular pressure].

PMID- 1197988
TI  - [Expermental replacement of the aorta by homologous and heterologous sections of
      dura mater].

PMID- 1197989
TI  - [Temporary hepatic assistance. V. Comparison between isolated swine liver
      perfusion with homologous and human blood. Hemodynamical aspects and acid-base
      equilibrium].

PMID- 1197990
TI  - [Myocardial involvement in meningococcal meningitis. Report of 4 cases].

PMID- 1197991
TI  - [Polysplenia syndrome. Report of a case].

PMID- 1197992
TI  - Successful repair of left ventricular rupture due to blunt trauma. A case report.

PMID- 1197993
TI  - [Medical education in the health services].

PMID- 1197994
TI  - [Endoscopic treatment of the posterior urethral valves].

PMID- 1197995
TI  - [Editorial: Arterial hypertension in chronic renal failure].

PMID- 1197996
TI  - [Caver-hospongiosum shunt in the treatment of priapism].

PMID- 1197997
TI  - [Arterial pressure after partial nephrectomy].

PMID- 1197998
TI  - [Priapism and impotence].

PMID- 1197999
TI  - [Preliminary considerations of transpubic urethroplasty].

PMID- 1198000
TI  - [Access to blood vessels for chronic hemodialysis].

PMID- 1198001
TI  - [Radiologic diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction in childhood].

PMID- 1198002
TI  - [Salt loosing nephropathy. Report of a case and review of the literature].

PMID- 1198003
TI  - [Immunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of pulmonary hydatidosis in Chile].

PMID- 1198004
TI  - [Analysis of the sensitivity of the agglutination test in the diagnosis of
      toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 1198005
TI  - Experimental chemotherapy of dermatobiosis in laboratory animals.

PMID- 1198006
TI  - Further clinical trials with oxamniquine (UK 4271), a new anti-schistosomal
      agent.

PMID- 1198007
TI  - [Angiostrongyliasis: report of a probable case].

PMID- 1198008
TI  - Growth areas in the surgical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1198009
TI  - Urinary copper excretion in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1198010
TI  - Vertebral trephine biopsy.
AB  - Vertebral trephine biopsy is a safe and swift method of diagnosis of vertebral
      abnormality. The procedure is no more disturbing for the patient than lumbar
      puncture, and saves the patient, radiologist and clinician, considerable time and
      effort.

PMID- 1198011
TI  - Nerve entrapment at the elbow in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Although there was some delay in the posterior interosseous branch of the radial
      nerve conduction time in six of the 152 rheumatoid elbows, in no case were there
      clinical signs attributable to entrapment of this nerve. Some delay in ulnar
      nerve conduction was recorded in 27 of the 152 elbows; this was marked in 12.
      These patients tended to be older and to have more severe disease of the elbow.

PMID- 1198012
TI  - Occupation in relation to the carpal tunnel syndrome.
AB  - A survey was made of the work and hobbies of 658 patients with the carpal tunnel
      syndrome. Seventy-nine per cent of the patients were employed in work requiring
      light, highly repetitive movements of the wrists and fingers. Fifty-one per cent
      of the unemployed housewives knitted. It is suggested that this type of manual
      activity can be a causal factor in the development of the, so-called,
      'spontaneous' carpal tunnel syndrome.

PMID- 1198014
TI  - Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: a seven-year survey.
AB  - The seven-year results of all cases (84) diagnosed as polymyalgia rheumatica or
      giant cell arteritis are reported. The diagnosis proved to be incorrect in seven,
      of which six had a polyarthritis. Most cases were treated with prednisolone,
      starting with 20 mg daily for those with evidence of cranial arteritis, and 10 mg
      for those without. Fourteen patients were withdrawn from treatment (after three
      months to 31/2 years--mean 21 months), but three relapsed and treatment has been
      restarted. There was no correlation between the presence or absence of arteritis,
      the starting dose of prednisolone and the subsequent duration of treatment. A
      small group (7) received higher doses without obvious advantage. Twenty-two
      started on 5-9 mg daily, but the dose had to be increased in 13 because of
      inadequate control of symptoms. Objective physical abnormality, particularly
      painful limitation of shoulder movement, was present in most cases. No patient
      developed a serious complication of the disease after treatment had been started.
      Complications of treatment were infrequent. Spinal osteoporosis occurred in
      seven, but did not cause long-term disability.

PMID- 1198013
TI  - The use of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase excretion to investigate renal disease in
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Urine levels of the lysosomal enzyme beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase have been
      measured in patients with arthritic disorders; significantly higher levels were
      found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (mean: 332.9 nmol/h/mg creat.) than
      in those with degenerative joint disease (mean: 86.31 nmol/h/mg creat.; P less
      than 0.001). Analysis of the results shows that salicylates were responsible for
      some of this difference, but suggests that rheumatoid disease itself may cause
      renal damage.

PMID- 1198015
TI  - Treatment of capsulitis of the shoulder.

PMID- 1198016
TI  - The stimulation of protein synthesis in human fibroblasts by therapeutic
      ultrasound.

PMID- 1198017
TI  - Analysis and assessment of a series of hemiplegics at the Passmore Edwards
      Medical Rehabilitation Unit, Clacton: preliminary report.

PMID- 1198018
TI  - Synovitis in polymyalgia rheumatica.
AB  - Synovitis was observed in 13 out of 88 consecutive patients with polymyalgia
      rheumatica. It is described in detail in five patients, on the basis of clinical
      radiological observations, joint aspiration, arthroscopy and biopsy. The
      synovitis of polymyalgia rheumatica cannot be distinguished histologically or at
      arthroscopy from the appearance seen in mild rheumatoid arthritis. Clinically,
      however, the synovitis of polymyalgia rheumatica is mild, transient and confined
      to one or two joints or tendon sheaths. It is not followed by joint deformity or
      by radiological erosive changes in the bone ends. It may occur at any stage of
      the disease but particularly at its onset, or when the dose of corticosteroid
      treatment is reduced.

PMID- 1198019
TI  - Scleritis associated with hyperuricaemia.
AB  - A patient with scleritis associated with hyperuricaemia successfully treated with
      colchicine is described. The relationship between scleritis and hyperuricaemia is
      discussed.

PMID- 1198020
TI  - Neuralgic amyotrophy with hemidiaphragmatic paralysis.

PMID- 1198021
TI  - Gonococcal perihepatitis presenting as blunt abdominal trauma.

PMID- 1198022
TI  - Thyrotoxicosis in the elderly.

PMID- 1198023
TI  - Laminaria in abortion. Use in 1368 patients in first trimester.

PMID- 1198024
TI  - Less than a cancer operation for breast cancer?

PMID- 1198025
TI  - Maternal mortality.

PMID- 1198026
TI  - [Rapid chromatographic method of mycotoxin determination].

PMID- 1198027
TI  - [Bacterial indices of water pollution in swimming pools with reference to various
      methods of water disinfection].

PMID- 1198028
TI  - [State of health of children in the 1st grade of elementary schools. Morbidity,
      absenteeism and scholastic progress and previous enrolment in kindergartens].

PMID- 1198029
TI  - [Physical development of children from rural areas].

PMID- 1198031
TI  - [Isomorphism of primary and secondary tumors of bone in radiographs (author's
      transl)]Radiologic findings of spread of malignant lymphoreticular processes in
      the lungs and their response to cytostatic therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Retrospective evaluation of follow-up series of chestfilms of 30 patients
      suffering from malignant lympho-reticular processes of the lungs and treated with
      cytostatic drugs. Among 130 changes of form there were foci of infiltration which
      could be recognized as due to malignant lymphoreticular deposits. They were large
      zones of shrinking, stripey scars, perivascular densities with vague contrours,
      an accent on reticular basic pulmonary structure, widening of interlobar septa
      and stripey shadows in the shape of plate atelectases. During the changes
      developing in time, the tumor adhered to a certain degree to its primary pattern
      of spread. Combinations of different types of foci appear to be signs of the
      severity of the disease.

PMID- 1198030
TI  - [Chronic traumatic arteriovenous fistulae (author's transl)].
AB  - In two patients with femoral arterio-venous fistulae angiography could show
      arterial and venous collaterals with differing circulation phases. When
      angiography shows retrograde flow in the artery distal to the fistula, the volume
      of arterial collateral circulation is unrelated to the peripheral blood-supply.
      Venous collateral circulation has to be included in the fistular circulation.
      Angiography permits distinguishing a venous by-pass circulation for the return of
      blood from the periphery. In one patient a large aneurysm of the iliac vein was
      found. Special features of angiography, particularly after surgical closure of
      the fistula, are mentioned.

PMID- 1198034
TI  - Crossed-beam apparatus for simultaneous spectrophotometric observation and
      microwave exposure of biochemical samples.

PMID- 1198032
TI  - [Tomometry, a novel radiological procedure (author's transl)].
AB  - The physical and technical principles of this revolutionary method of
      investigation are described. They explain the advantages over usual radiological
      techniques, i.e. mainly the possibility of showing far smaller density steps of
      intracranial structures, as well as some drawbacks. Finally, indications, limits
      and sources of possible errors are outlined.

PMID- 1198033
TI  - [The diagnosis of occult mammarian carcinoma (author's transl)].
AB  - The proceeding of dedection of ocult mammarian carcinomas by an effective
      coordination of mammography and thermography is described. The frequency was 7%o
      of 2000 examinations and with that higher than given in the literature. The
      importance of post-operative controls is emphasized.

PMID- 1198036
TI  - Rhenium bonded lab6 electron source.

PMID- 1198037
TI  - Should vasopressin be administered before, during or after volume replacement?

PMID- 1198035
TI  - High prescision capacitance bridge for studying lipid bilayer membranes.

PMID- 1198038
TI  - Evaluation of mini-dose heparin administration as a prophylaxis against
      postoperative pulmonary embolization: a prospective double-blind study.

PMID- 1198039
TI  - Intravenous fluid effects on lung water in burn resuscitation.

PMID- 1198040
TI  - Spigelian and/or lateral ventral hernias.

PMID- 1198041
TI  - Elective cholecystectomy following acute cholecystitis: an analysis of 153
      consecutive cholecystectomies.

PMID- 1198042
TI  - Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms with aorto-caval fistula.

PMID- 1198044
TI  - Primary malignant neoplasms of the small intestine.

PMID- 1198043
TI  - Investigation of the effects of vitamin A on 5-fluorouracil toxicity in the rat.

PMID- 1198045
TI  - [Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (case-report) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198047
TI  - [The influence of starvation on the respirational activity of cerebral
      mitochondria in the ontogenesis of rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198046
TI  - [Efferent pathways of the substantia nigra (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198048
TI  - [Blood groups ABO in the symptomatic hepatic porphyria (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198049
TI  - [A contribution to the issue of blood-pressure at the physical work (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198050
TI  - [Results of treatment of fractures of the upper femur (analysis of patients
      treated in 1968-1973)--Part II (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198051
TI  - [Simulation of hypothetical experiment on iodine inhibition (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198052
TI  - The clinical significance of biphasic venous emptying curves from the lower limb
      in venous occlusion plethysmography.
AB  - The utilization of venous occlusion plethysmography in the routine diagnosis of
      acute venous thrombosis in the leg has disclosed a previously unreported type of
      biphasic venous emptying curve that has proved to be of special diagnostic
      significance. The examinations were undertaken with a Dohn plethysmograph for
      segmental application of the calf. The emptying curves in question had an initial
      phase at the ordinary rapid rate, changing distinctly within 1.5 sec into a
      definitely slower phase of venous emptying. Biphasic emptying curves were found
      to be characteristic of patients with isolated, high venous obstruction, mostly
      acute thromboses, but more or less intact veins in peripheral parts of the leg.
      The same type of pathological emptying curves could be provoked by external
      compression of the femoral vein or Valsalva's manoeuvre, providing experimental
      evidence of the underlying mechanism. The venous emptying course might be
      similarly influenced also by varicose veins, pregnancy, and right heart failure.
      The diagnostic experience of biphasic emptying curves in clinical practice
      indicates, that this particular way of interpreting venous occlusion
      plethysmography is a valuable complement to phlebography in the detection of
      proximal venous obstructions in the lower limb, whether due to iliac thrombosis
      or elusive intrapelvic tumours.

PMID- 1198053
TI  - Bone mineral content and estimated total body calcium in normal children and
      adolescents.
AB  - Bone mineral content in the distal part of the forearm was measured in 301 normal
      children and adolescents aged from 7-20 years to estimate total body calcium in
      these age groups. From year 7 to 9 and from year 15 to 20 the mean values in boys
      were significantly higher than those in girls. In the lower age groups there was
      a slow increase in estimated total body calcium with age, followed by a sharp
      increase at the age of puberty.

PMID- 1198054
TI  - Determination of fractional renal function in renography with and without
      individually [131I]albumin-determined blood background.
AB  - Fractional renal function was determined from 122 renographies using three
      different blood background subtractions: with individually [131I]albumin
      determined correction factors, with direct subtraction of the thorax background
      curve. In the latter case a systematic error was introduced, since the right
      kidney's fractional function was overestimated and that of the left kidney
      accordingly underestimated. With mean correction factors the deviation from
      'true' fractional function (as determined individually with [131I]albumin) was
      negligible. We recommend this principle since it is simple and sufficiently
      accurate.

PMID- 1198055
TI  - A scintillation camera technique for quantitative estimation of separate kidney
      function and its use before nephrectomy.
AB  - A scintillation camera technique was used for measuring renal uptake of
      [131I]Hippuran 80-110 s after injection. Externally measured Hippuran uptake was
      markedly influenced by kidney depth, which was measured by lateral-view image
      after injection of [99mTc]iron ascorbic acid complex or [197Hg]chlormerodrine.
      When one kidney was nearer to the dorsal surface of the body than the other, it
      was necessary to correct the externally measured Hippuran uptake for kidney depth
      to obtain reliable information on the true partition of Hippuran between the two
      kidneys. In some patients the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured
      before and after nephrectomy. Measured postoperative GFR was compared with
      preoperatively predicted GFR, which was calculated by multiplying the
      preoperative Hippuran uptake of the kidney to be left in situ, as a fraction of
      the preoperative Hippuran uptake of both kidneys, by the measured preoperative
      GFR. The measured postoperative GFR was usually moderately higher than the
      preoperatively predicted GFR. The difference could be explained by a
      postoperative compensatory increase in function of the remaining kidney. Thus,
      the present method offers a possibility of estimating separate kidney function
      without arterial or ureteric catheterization.

PMID- 1198056
TI  - Work capacity, muscle strength and SDH activity in both legs of hemiparetic
      patients and patients with Parkinson's disease.
AB  - In recent muscle metabolic studies, patients with moderate upper motor neuron
      lesions showed marked difficulty in performing an equal submaximal work load
      (bilaterally) in two-legged exercise. For a better evaluation of these patients,
      studies were performed on each leg separately. Six patients with Parkinson's
      disease and six with moderate hemiparesis were studied. During one-legged
      submaximal and maximal exercise heart rate, oxygen uptake, and blood lactate were
      determined. Maximal voluntary contraction in knee and ankle flexion and extension
      for each leg was measured. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in the thigh
      muscles was determined. During  submaximal exercise, oxygen uptake, heart rate
      and blood lactate increased more in the paretic leg of hemiparetic patients and
      in the more affected leg of the Parkinson patients. In hemiparetic patients
      maximal voluntary contraction of flexors and extensors of the knee was
      significantly reduced in the paretic leg but was reduced even in the nonparetic
      knee flexors. SDH activity was very low in both legs in all patients and lowest
      in the paretic and more affected leg, respectively. It is concluded that (a) the
      general muscle inactivity per se, secondary to the neurological disorder, may
      lead to a reduced work capacity; (b) the increased heart rate and blood lactate
      level seem to be correlated to the relative exercise level of each leg; and (c)
      in patients with impaired muscle function of one or both legs, evaluation of each
      leg separately with regard to work capacity and muscle metabolism is of value.

PMID- 1198057
TI  - Temperature of mixed venous blood during exercise.
AB  - The temperature of mixed venous blood (PA-temp) was measured in the pulmonary
      artery of healthy male volunteers at rest and during bicycle exercise in the
      supine position. Oxygen uptake, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and heart rate
      were determined simultaneously. The subjects were studied both in their basal
      normokinetic circulatory state and in a hypokinetic circulatory state induced by
      beta-receptor blockade with propranolol. The PA-temp increased linearly with
      rising oxygen uptake. During beta-receptor blockade the exercise-induced rise in
      PA-temp was considerably steeper in relation to work load and to oxygen uptake.
      Thus when the ordinary ability to increase cardiac output was suppressed by
      propranolol, an identical dynamic exercise induced a significantly higher PA
      temp. A significant correlation (r = 0.92) was found between the rise in PA-temp
      during exercise and the increase in the arteriovenous oxygen difference. This
      correlation, which has not been described previously, was not altered by beta
      receptor blockade. It is concluded that the close correlation between blood
      temperature and arteriovenous oxygen difference has a clinical potential for
      hemodynamic measurements. A simple method for the indirect estimation of
      arteriovenous oxygen difference by means of blood thermometry would be a
      considerable laboratory advantage.

PMID- 1198058
TI  - Available bilirubin binding sites of serum from newborns determined by a direct
      spectrometric method using bromphenol blue.
AB  - A new direct spectrometric micromethod for the determination of the available
      bilirubin binding sites of serum (S-ABBS) using bromphenol blue has been applied
      to 298 blood specimens collected from infants immediately before starting the
      first exchange transfusion. A relative number fraction of 0.07 of the material,
      characterized by having the lowest S-ABBS values, includes seven of the nine
      cases (i.e. a relative number fraction of 0.78) with autoptically verified
      kernicterus (KI). The two infants with KI but higher S-ABBS values differed in
      having severe neurological symptoms before the examination. The mean substance
      concentration of bilirubin in these nine sera was 288 mumol/l. The correlation of
      KI to the body mass at birth, to the substance concentration of serum albumin,
      and to the substance concentration of serum bilirubin is given, and the sources
      of error concerning the method are discussed. The present method is proposed for
      determining a type of quantity that is important, among other types of data, in
      deciding on the need for exchange transfusion in icteric (premature) newborns.

PMID- 1198059
TI  - Characterization and significance of collagen induced biphasic aggregation of
      human platelets.
AB  - Biphasic collagen-induced platelet aggregation, resembling that induced by
      epinephrine, was noted in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) of 11 stroke and 1 coronary
      disease patients. Similar pattern of aggregation was not observed in normal PRP.
      The occurrence of the biphasic collagen aggregation does not appear to relate to
      platelet count, smoking habit, medication, or other abnormalities such as
      hypertension, diabetes, and elevated serum lipid levels. However, platelets of
      these patients were very sensitive to aggregating agents including epinephrine
      and adenosine diphosphate. The concentration of collagen that elicited biphasic
      aggregation in these platelets was too weak to aggregate platelets of normal
      subjects. We believe that the release threshold of these platelets is reduced to
      such an extent that minute amounts of collagen, which would be insufficient to
      induce release from normal platelets, are capable of inducing release from these
      platelets. Both phases of collagen induced aggregation are probably resulted from
      the activation of the release mechanism.

PMID- 1198060
TI  - Amino acid concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes in aregeneratory and
      haemolytic anaemias.
AB  - The concentrations of unbound amino acids in erythrocytes and in plasma from 7
      normal individuals, 11 patients with various types of aregeneratory anaemia, and
      4 patients with hereditary haemolytic anaemias were determined on a Technicon
      Amino Acid Analyzer (Perry et al 1970). Most amino acids were normally found in
      higher concentrations in plasma than intracellularly. Cystine, methionine and
      trypotophan were almost exclusively present in plasma. Aspartic acid, however,
      was mainly found in erythrocytes, and glutathione only in erythrocytes. Glutamic
      acid and ornithine were more concentrated in the cells, while glycine and
      asparagine showed approximately the same concentrations in erythrocytes as in
      plasma. In the patients, plasma amino acids showed little deviations from normal,
      but in the erythrocytes there were striking changes. Erythrocyte glutamic acid
      concentrations were moderately to markedly elevated in all patients studied, and
      glycine concentrations in 13 out of 15 patients. In addition, the following amino
      acids were increased intracellularly in more than one patient: glutamine (8
      patients), serine (7), asparagine (5), threonine (4), taurine (3), alanine (2),
      valine (2), ornithine (2), lysine (2), citrulline (2). Aspartic acid was
      decreased in erythrocytes from 4 patients with aregeneratory and 1 with
      haemolytic anaemia.

PMID- 1198061
TI  - Cytogenetic differences between bone marrow and spleen in a case of agnogenic
      myeloid metaplasia developing blast crisis.
AB  - Chromosome studies of cells from bone marrow and spleen were performed in a
      patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (MM) developing blast crisis after a
      chronic phase lasting for 6.5 years. The proportions of blast cells were roughly
      the same in bone marrow and spleen. In the bone marrow 43 % of the metaphases
      were abnormal with a marker chromosome whereas all spleen metaphases were normal.
      The results indicate that chromosomal changes associated with blast
      transformation in MM may occur in the bone marrow prior to such changes in the
      spleen and support the concept that bone marrow and spleen may constitute
      relatively separate pools of haemopoietic tissue in chronic myeloproliferative
      diseases.

PMID- 1198062
TI  - A positive ethanol gelation test associated with high plasma fibrinogen
      concentration - evidence for soluble fibrin. An experimental study in rabbits.
AB  - By infusion of large amounts of human fibrinogen into rabbits, the ethanol
      gelation test turned positive at various plasma concentrations of fibrinogen,
      depending on the fibrinogen preparation used, and on individual differences among
      the animals. After incubation of the fibrinogen preparation in the cold the
      precipitated material gave a positive ethanol gelation test at lower fibrinogen
      concentration whereas the ethanol gelation test remained negative in the
      supernatant at a higher fibrinogen level than that of the starting material. It
      is concluded that the finding of a positive ethanol gelation test is not due to
      the fibrinogen concentration per se. Most likely the test becomes positive due to
      the presence of soluble fibrin in the commercial preparations.

PMID- 1198063
TI  - Karyotypes in infectious mononucleosis.
AB  - Using a trypsin-Giemsa banding procedure, chromosome analysis was performed on
      blood from 21 consecutive patients hospitalized for infectious mononucleosis.
      Mitoses were harvested after 2 and 24 h in vitro incubation without PHA and after
      48 h with PHA. No abnormalities were seen.

PMID- 1198064
TI  - Death of blood lymphocytes studied by supravital dye exclusion and 3H-thymidine
      autoradiography.
AB  - Lymphocyte death in peripheral blood of the mouse represents the death of both
      short- and long-lived lymphocytes. The present data were based on lymphocyte
      separation, supravital dye exclusion, and autoradiographical procedures. The data
      strongly indicate that the frequency of intravascular cell death in the
      population of short-lived lymphocytes is 4-10 times higher than the frequency of
      intravascular cell death of long-lived lymphocytes.

PMID- 1198065
TI  - Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia with peculiar nuclear abnormality.
AB  - A patient with clinical and haematological findings compatible with congenital
      dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) most porbably type II is described. In
      contradistinction to previous observations, electron microscope examination of
      the erythroid cells in the bone marrow showed the concomitant appearance of
      nuclei at different maturation stages in a single cell. In addition, a marked
      tendency toward multinuclearity of the megakaryocytes was found. The mature
      erythroblasts showed an increased uptake of 3H-thymidine less than is normally
      found in these cells. Thes findings suggest an impairment in RNA and DNA
      synthesis.

PMID- 1198066
TI  - Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia with features of both type I and TYPE II.
AB  - A 13 year old girl with the typical clinical and haematological picture of
      congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) is reported. The bone marrow is highly
      cellular with 70 per cent erythroid cells, and 28% bi- and multinuclear cells
      among the orthochromatic and polychromatic erythroblasts. Moderate megaloblastoid
      changes are present. On light microscopy the findings are in agreement with those
      described in CDA type II. On electron microscopy both the cytoplasmatic changes
      described as typical of CDA type II, and the nuclear changes found in type I can
      be demonstrated. The acidified serum test (Ham test) is negative with normal
      sera. The patient's red blood cells show increased agglutinability with anti-I
      and and anti-I antibodies, but no haemolysis. Total serum lipids are about 50% of
      the normal average. All lipoprotein classes are lowered to about the same extent.
      The total phospholipid content of the erythrocytes is slightly reduced, with a
      moderate, relative increase of the lecithin fraction and a decrease of the
      sphingomyelin fraction. Doubts can be raised about the tenability of the current
      classification of CDA based on morphological and serological criteria, especially
      about the distinction between types I and II.

PMID- 1198067
TI  - Mechanism of anaemia in experimental bacterial endocarditis.
AB  - Rabits with Streptococcus viridans aortic valve endocarditis develop anaemia and
      reticulocytosis which increase with the duration of infection. Mean red cell
      counts decreased from 6.05 +/- 0.29 X 10(6) per mul before infection to 4.10 +/-
      0.18 X 10(6) per mul after 11 to 20 days of endocarditis and reticulocytes
      increased from 1.16 +/- 0.14 X 10(5) per mul to 4.91 +/- 0.83 X 10(5) per mul
      after more than 20 days of endocarditis. The anaemia could not be explained by
      intravascular haemolysis. Anti-erythrocyte antibodies were not detected.
      Splenomegaly was a consistent finding and also increased with the duration of
      infection. Red cell half life (T1/2) was shortened to 4.7 +/- 0.3 days in rabbits
      with endocarditis compared with normal T1/2 of 11.1 +/- 0.5 days. The T1/2 of red
      cells from infected animals was prolonged when measured in noninfected rabbits
      and splenectomized animals had a mean red cell T1/2 of 9.25 days after three
      weeks of infection. These studies suggest that splenic enlargement associated
      with infection results in red cell sequestration, a mechanism not well recognized
      as contributing to the anaemia of endocarditis.

PMID- 1198068
TI  - Immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro by cerebrospinal fluid cells in patients with
      meningoencephalitis of presumed viral origin.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells from six patients with meningoencephalitis of
      presumed viral origin were incubated in the presence of labeled amino acids. The
      cells of two of the patients synthesized IgG, IgA, and IgM (one patient) in
      vitro. The CSF of these two patients had an elevated level of IgG with
      oligoclonal distribution. The newly synthesized IgG also had an oligoclonal
      distribution. CSF cells of the other four patients were not shown to synthesize
      immunoglobulins in vitro. The CSF of these patients had a normal level of IgG
      with polyclonal distribution. The results demonstrate that in some patients with
      virus meningoencephalitis an immunoglobulin synthesis takes place locally and
      that at least part of the IgG shows a restricted heterogeneity. The results also
      suggest the presence of stimulated lymphocytes in the CSF of the same patients.

PMID- 1198069
TI  - Detection of IgG aggregates or immune complexes using solid-phase C1q and protein
      A-rich Staphylococcus aureus as an indicator system.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for detection of C1q-binding IgG aggregates and antigen-IgG
      antibody complexes is described. The assay makes use of solid-phase C1q and 32p
      labelled protein A-rich Staphylococcus aureus as an indicator system. Both 19S
      and heavier IgG aggregates that fixed C1q were detected. The sensitivity of the
      assay permitted detection of heavy (19-25S) IgG aggregates at a concentration of
      8 mug/ml or less. The results indicated that detection of IgG in this assay is
      dependent on the degree of IgG polymerization and the molar ratio between the
      solid-phase C1q and the IgG polymers. Albumin-anti-albumin complexes, preformed
      at equilibrium with antibody to antigen molar ratios of 2:1 to 3:1 and at antigen
      concentrations of 25 to 40 mug/ml, were also detectable using the described
      radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1198070
TI  - A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for C1q-binding immune complexes. I. Delta IgG as
      indicator molecule.
AB  - A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detection of circulating C1q-binding immune
      complexes (IC) or heat-aggregated IgG (delta IgG) is described. Purified human
      C1q protein was adsorbed to a fixed area of polystyrene tube surface for 1 hr at
      22 degrees C, pH 7.3, mu 0.15. Binding of delta IgG or IC to solid-phase C1q at
      22 degrees C progressed over several hours and was enhanced at low mu (0.05).
      Heating of C1q (56 degrees C for 30 min) reduced the binding by 85%-90%. Binding
      of IC or delta IgG was retained after several weeks' storage of solid-phase C1q
      at 4 degrees C. Detection of 2-5 ng delta IgG and less than 50 ng IC (in antibody
      excess) was achieved in competitive binding or inhibition tests with [125I]delta
      IgG. Preliminary testing of 48 human sera indicated the usefulness of the assay
      for detection of IC in patient sera.

PMID- 1198071
TI  - Fc receptors in human placenta.
AB  - Cryostat sections of placental tissue strongly adsorbed erythrocytes sensitized
      with IgG antibodies of human, rabbit, and guinea pig origin. No adsorption
      occurred using erythrocytes sensitized with F(ab')2 fragments. The reaction was
      strongly inhibited by intact IgG and by Fc fragments, weakly inhibited by pFc'
      fragments, and not inhibited by Facb and F(ab')2 or albumin. These properties are
      similar to those of corresponding receptors in normal lymphoid tissues. Results
      obtained with sections of hydatidiform mole showed that the reaction occurred
      with the trophoblastic tissue. Porcine placenta had no Fc receptor activity. The
      presence of an Fc receptor in human placental tissue may therefore be of
      significance for the selective transfer of IgG from mother to foetus.

PMID- 1198072
TI  - The natural history of the frozen shoulder syndrome.
AB  - A prospective study has been made of 49 patients with the frozen shoulder
      syndrome (as distinct from tendinitis, calcific deposits and frozen shoulders
      occurring after coronary infarction or with pulmonary tuberculosis) of whom forty
      one have been followed up for 5-10 years, always to their greatest recovery.
      There were three consecutive stages: pain, stiffness, and recovery. The stiffness
      stage was usually related to the duration of the recovery stage. The total
      duration was longer than is generally supposed (an average total of 30.1 months
      in contrast to about 18 months as often postulated). Generally speaking, the
      longer the stiffness stage is, the longer is the recovery stage. In 4 patients
      the second shoulder became similarly affected, 6 months to 7 years after the
      first, and followed a similar chronological sequence to the first. After greatest
      recovery, slight restriction of movement was found in more than half the cases,
      but in only 3, all of long duration, was the restriction a handicap.
      Arthrography, carried out on both shoulders in all patients during the recovery
      stage, showed in the affected shoulder fewer rotator cuff defects than expected
      at this age and fewer (four) than in the contralateral one (twenty-three);
      seemingly, the condition leads to the obliteration of some defects.

PMID- 1198073
TI  - Ultrastructural and histochemical studies of muscle in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Muscle biopsy material from 12 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was
      investigated by electron microscopy. Degenerative changes and atrophy of the
      muscle fibres were observed. The periphery of the fibre was indistinct and showed
      an increased content of lipofuscin granules and remnants of myofilaments.
      Mitochondria were frequent in the subsarcolemmal regions, but between the
      myofibrils these were rarer than in healthy subjects. The triads were often
      swollen and displaced. Capillaries were more frequent than in normal material;
      the endothelial cells and especially the basement membrane showed pathological
      changes. Satellite cells were frequent and are regarded as an indication of
      regeneration.

PMID- 1198074
TI  - Death rate and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 500 males and 500 females, aged 40 years or
      over, and an age- and sex-matched control population were observed over a 3-year
      period. During the follow-up, 122 RA patients and 69 controls had died. The most
      common causes of death in RA patients were cardiovascular diseases (57 patients),
      renal failure (27 patients), infections (19 patients), and malignant neoplasms
      (11 patients); in the controls, the respective data are: cardiovascular diseases
      (35 people), malignant neoplasms (21 people), accidents (7 people), and
      infections (5 people).

PMID- 1198075
TI  - Generalised and localised bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Osteoporosis was studied in 307 patients with "definite" or "classical"
      rheumatoid arthritis by measurement of the clavicular cortical thickness
      (C.C.T.). Bone loss, as measured by this index, fell with advancing age, and was
      significantly greater than in non-rheumatoid control subjects matched for age and
      sex. Bone loss from the clavicles was not greater in patients treated with
      corticosteroid drugs. Loss of bone from the clavicle correlated with osteoporosis
      in other parts of the skeleton, as determined by the femoral and metacarpal
      indices. This suggests that osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis is a generalised
      phenomenon rather than a localised process secondary to adjacent joint
      inflammation.

PMID- 1198077
TI  - A radiological method for grading the severity of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1198076
TI  - Questionable effects of Myocrisin in experimental arthritis in rabbits.
AB  - In 18 rabbits arthritis was induced in one knee joint by injection with 0.2 ml 3%
      ovalbumin 4 weeks after sensitization by 3% ovalbumin and 2 mg/ml tubercle
      bacilli suspended in Freunds incomplete adjuvant. Half of the rabbits were
      treated with Myocrisin 4 mg i.m. once a week during the experimental period
      lasting 4-5 months. At killing, both knee joints were examined macroscopically
      and microscopically. In all rabbits a distinct synovitis was found in the
      injected knee joint. Histologically, the changes were most pronounced in the
      rabbits not treated with Myocrisin. An activity index of the synovial membrane
      changes in the Myocrisin-treated and untreated cases was calculated to 6.3 and
      3.6 respectively. Some changes were also found in the uninjected knee joints of
      50% of the rabbits. In contrast to some other works, this preliminary
      investigation suggests that antigen-induced experimental arthritis is suppressed
      by gold. We feel that this model of experimental arthritis may be suitable for
      trying out the effect of various drugs.

PMID- 1198079
TI  - Renal glomerular function in ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - From a study of 38 consecutive patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) it is
      concluded that impairment of renal glomerular function is not seen, despite the
      recognised pathological changes.

PMID- 1198078
TI  - A comparative study of the protein pattern in serum and synovial fluid.
AB  - A routine program for evaluation of the protein pattern in serum and synovial
      fluid has been tested on 25 patients in a consecutive study. The program
      comprised agar gel electrophoresis, total protein and albumin determination, and
      immunochemical determination of antitrypsin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, IgR, and
      IgA. Linear correlation analysis of corresponding data in serum and synovial
      fluid gave r-values for the five latter components which varied from 0.74 to
      0.87. On this basis reference intervals in synovial fluid could be established.
      Total protein, haptoglobin and IgG were elevated in rheumatoid arthritis,
      compared with osteoarthritis.

PMID- 1198080
TI  - Zinc: its relationship to osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Preliminary studies indicate that plasma zinc concentrations, as estimated by
      atomic absorption spectrophotometry, are reduced in rheumatoid arthritis. A
      relationship has also been established between metacarpal index of osteoporosis
      and plasma zinc concentrations in rheumatoid subjects.

PMID- 1198081
TI  - Dosage of salicylates for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A
      preliminary report.
AB  - The daily dosage of salicylates is traditionally very high for patients with
      juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In order to achieve the optimal therapeutic
      effect, serum salicylate levels are kept at 30-35 mg/100 ml (2175-2540 mumol/l).
      The recommended daily dosage in the textbooks is about 100 mg/kg of body weight,
      and the reported dosage/m2 of body surface area has been 3.2 g/m2/day. These
      dosages are, however, too high in clinical routine. In the present investigation,
      19 children were treated with salicylates for 15 days with daily check-ups of the
      serum salicylate levels. Seven of these children had symptoms of salicylate
      intoxication which corresponded closely to the serum salicylate levels. If the
      daily dosage of salicylates exceeds 3 g/m2 of body surface area, intoxication can
      be expected.

PMID- 1198082
TI  - A factorial study of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1198083
TI  - The convergent validity of four indices of congnitive complexity in person
      perception. A multi-index multimethod and factor analytical approach.

PMID- 1198084
TI  - Individual versus provided constructs, cognitive complexity and extremity of
      ratings in person perception.

PMID- 1198085
TI  - Bacteriological findings in transtracheal aspirates from patients with chronic
      bronchitis and bronchiectasis: a preliminary report.
AB  - Thirty-six transtracheal aspirates from 34 patients with chronic bronchitis and
      bronchiectasis were examined bacteriologically. Bacteria were isolated from 30
      aspirates, 23 of which yielded pure culture. Anaerobic bacteria were found in
      three aspirates, all in pure culture. This preliminary report indicates a greater
      complexity of the microbial flora in chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis than
      hitherto appreciated.

PMID- 1198086
TI  - Pulmonary lesions and autoimmune reactions after long-term nitrofurantoin
      treatment.
AB  - Hypersensitivity reactions in two women with pulmonary lesions, autoimmune
      reactions with positive antinuclear factor and liver damage following long-term
      nitrofurantoin treatment are discussed. One patient had taken nitrofurantoin for
      more than 1 year and the other for more than 2 when their symptoms appeared. They
      were in a very poor condition, but recovered when the drug was withdrawn.
      Lymphocyte transformation test in vitro showed significant blast-transformation,
      indicating the involvement of immunological mechanisms. Treatment with
      corticosteroids had not been instituted.

PMID- 1198087
TI  - Effects of practolol in combination with terbutaline in the treatment of
      hypertension and arrhythmias in asthmatic patients.
AB  - After a run-in period practolol was given in the dose of 100 mg twice daily to 29
      patients with chronic bronchial asthma on the indication hypertension (12) and
      supraventricular arrhythmia (17). During the run-in period, as well as during the
      practolol period, a long-acting beta2-stimulator, terbutaline, was given in the
      dose of 5 mg three times daily. Peak expiratory flow (PEF), heart rate and blood
      pressure were measured under standardized conditions. No change of the lung
      function was observed during practolol therapy. Systolic as well as diastolic
      blood pressure fell significantly. The heart rhythm was normalized in 15 of the
      arrhythmic subjects. No subjective worsening of the asthmatic symptoms or any
      other side effects were noted. It is suggested that practolol can be safely used
      in patients prone to bronchospasm, provided a long-acting beta2-stimulating drug
      is given concomitantly on the usual indications for beta blockers in acute
      situations.

PMID- 1198088
TI  - Predominantly unilateral asthma studied with 133Xe-radiospirometry.
AB  - Regional lung function in the supine position was studied with 133Xe
      radiospirometry in 10 asthmatic subjects in remission, before and after
      inhalation of specific allergens in the right lateral decubitus position.
      Regional ventilation and regional lung volume showed a significant decrease in
      the right lung. The decrease in ventilation was most pronounced in the
      diaphragmatic half of the lung. The regional perfusion of the right lung
      decreased less than the ventilation. The change in perfusion, however, became
      greater with time, whereas the decrease in ventilation remained the same as
      shortly after the provocation. Predominantly regional asthma could thus be
      provoked in the regions that receive most of the allergen in the right lateral
      position. The asthma was easily controlled and caused little discomfort.

PMID- 1198089
TI  - What happens to the human lens in cataract.

PMID- 1198090
TI  - Mutagenesis and repair in micro-organisms.

PMID- 1198091
TI  - Molecular motion of polymers in solution.

PMID- 1198092
TI  - The quantitative relations between diffusion-controlled reaction rate and
      characteristic parameters in enzyme-substrate reactions systems. II. Charged
      substrates.
AB  - The quantitative relationship between the spatial factor and the force-range
      factor on the one hand and the ionic strength and the charges of reactants on the
      other has been calculated for non-spherically symmetric reaction systems. New
      upper limits of combination reactions between enzymes and charged substrates have
      been obtained. Applying the calculated results to the reactions catalyzed by
      fumarase and D-glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase, we have been able to
      interpret experimental phenomena which could not be accounted for by the
      conventional theory of the diffusion-controlled reaction. Furthermore, the
      conditions under which the Bronsted equation is valid in the non-equilibrium
      steady state reaction system have been discussed.

PMID- 1198093
TI  - Experimental studies on curing elapid bite with trypsin.
AB  - The local injection of trypsin can be regarded as a new and effective therapy for
      venomous snakebite. Our experiments indicate that when mice or dogs have been
      injected with the lethal dose of elapid venom subcutaneously, they can all
      survive and have no symptoms of systemic poisoning if necessary dose of trypsin
      is injected locally and promptly. When the lethal dose of cobra venom is injected
      into mice, all of them can survive if trypsin is given within 15 minutes. And
      even if trypsin is given 20--50 minutes later, 50--90% of the mice can avoid
      death. The prompt local injection of trypsin is found effective to cure elapid
      bite as well as antivenins and is a very "broad spectrum' therapy having no
      specificity. There are no severe side-effects when trypsin is injected locally.
      The production of trypsin is rather simple and its preservation needs no special
      conditions. Trypsin can be put into pocketable first-aid auto-injector and can be
      used after snakebite at the possible earlier time. Even though a rather long time
      has elapsed after snakebite, the local injection of trypsin is still useful to
      destroy the large amount of venom stored in the tissues of the bitten area.

PMID- 1198094
TI  - Spleen cells transmit osteopetrosis in mice.
AB  - Osteopetrosis was induced in lethally irradiated, normal mice of grey-lethal and
      microphthalmic stocks by cell infusions prepared from the spleens of
      osteopetrotic littermates. Failure of skeletal remodeling became evident within a
      few weeks after transplantation as calcified cartilage and bone accumulated
      excessively in the active metaphyses of the long bones. The massive lesions
      produced were extensively infiltrated with abnormal osteoclasts.

PMID- 1198095
TI  - Hepatic peroxisome proliferation: induction by two novel compounds structurally
      unrelated to clofibrate.
AB  - Two hypolipidemic compounds [ 4-chloro-6(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinyl-thio] acetic
      acid, and 2-chloro-5(3,5-dimethylpiperidinosufony)benzoic acid (tibric acid)
      greatly increased the number of peroxisomes (microbodies) in liver cells of rats
      and mice. This augmented peroxisome population was accompanied by significant
      elevation of liver catalase activity. These two hypolipidemic peroxisome
      proliferators are structurally different from ethyl a-p-chlorophenozyisobutyrate
      (clofibrate) and other hypolipidemic, arylocyisobutyrate derivatives which cause
      hepatic peroxisome proliferation. Induction of peroxisome proliferation by these
      structurally unrelated hypolipidemic compounds suggests a possible relation
      between hepatic peroxisome proliferation and hypolipidemia.

PMID- 1198096
TI  - Alcoholic hepatomegaly: accumulation of protein in the liver.
AB  - The hepatomegaly that appears after long-term feeding of ethanol results in
      accumulation of protein that is quantitatively as important as the increase in
      lipid. The bulk of protein accumulated in the soluble fraction of the cell.
      Hepatic albumin and transferrin concentrations increase and colchicine-binding
      protein decreases, thus suggesting an intrahepatic retention of export proteins.

PMID- 1198097
TI  - Enemy specification in the alarm-recruitment system of an ant.
AB  - Many kinds of ants use odor trails to recruit nestmates to food discoveries and
      new sites; minor workers of the myrmicine Pheidole dentata also use them to
      recruit major workers ("soldiers") to the vicinity of intruders. This newly
      discovered alarm-recruitment system has proved to be narrowly specific. Only fire
      ants and other members of the genus Solenopsis, which include some of the
      potentially most dangerous enemies of Pheidole, have been found to evoke the
      response when present as single scouts or small invading forces. The glandular
      source of the Pheidole trail pheromone and the cues by which Pheidole recognize
      Solenopsis have been experimentally determined.

PMID- 1198098
TI  - Orientation of water in striated frog muscle.
AB  - Proton and deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of striated frog
      gastrocnemius muscle exhibit angular dependence, indicating partial orientation
      of water in the muscle. Nonzero static dipolar and quadrupolar interactions
      resulting from the anisotropic motion of the water molecules modulate the spin
      echo decays, contributing to their nonxponential behavior.

PMID- 1198099
TI  - Direction finding by hornets under gravitational and centrifugal forces.
AB  - The effect of centrifugal and gravitational forces whose resultant ranged between
      26 degrees and 45 degrees on comb construction by hornet workers was assessed
      experimentally. Comb construction by hornets exposed to centrifugation at 1 to 2
      days of age differed from that of hornets similarly exposed at 3 to 7 days of
      age. Juvenile hornets built their cells in the direction of the resultant force,
      whereas adults resisted the centrifugal force and tried to build in the direction
      of the gravitational force. Juveniles started their comb from the side walls,
      whereas adults started from the roof, as did nonspinning, control hornets. The
      findings suggest that hornets rapidly learn the gravitational force during the
      first days of life, and that they are aided by geometric cues of the breeding box
      to build in the direction of the force to which they had become habituated.

PMID- 1198100
TI  - Letter: reduced incidence of spontaneous tumors: Another statistical analysis.

PMID- 1198101
TI  - Letter: Immunity in cancer.

PMID- 1198102
TI  - The heritability hang-up.

PMID- 1198103
TI  - Malnutrition and environmental enrichment by early adoption.

PMID- 1198104
TI  - Model for disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis.

PMID- 1198105
TI  - Retention of nonhelical procollagen containing cis-hydroxyproline in rough
      endoplasmic reticulum.
AB  - Fibroblasts freshly isolated from embryonic tendons were incubated with a proline
      analog, cis-4-hydroxy-L-proline, which is incorporated into protein and which
      leads to the intracellular accumulation of nonhelical procollagen. Evidence is
      presented here that the nonhelical procollagen containing the analog is retained
      within the rough endoplasmic reticulum and does not pass to the smooth
      endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi vacuoles at a normal rate.

PMID- 1198106
TI  - Calcium ion distribution in cytoplasm visualised by aequorin: diffusion in
      cytosol restricted by energized sequestering.
AB  - The distribution of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm following a local rise in Ca2+
      concentration is visualized by means of aequorin luminescence and a television
      system with an image intensifier. Diffusion of Ca2+ through the cytosol is so
      constrained that a rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration produced by local Ca2+
      entry through cell membrane or by local Ca2+ injection is confined to the
      immediate vicinity of these sites. The diffusion constraints are lifted by
      treatment with cyanide or ruthenium red. Thus, energized calcium sequestering,
      probably by mitochondria, is the dominant factor in the constraints. In cell
      regions where the sequestering machinery is sufficiently dense, different Ca2+
      message functions inside a cell may be effectively segregated, permitting private
      line intracellular communication.

PMID- 1198107
TI  - Minor salivary glands as a major source of secretory immunoglobin A in the human
      oral cavity.
AB  - Secretory immunoglobulin A is the predominant immunoglobulin in labial minor
      salivary gland secretions. Its mean concentration is four times higher in these
      secretions than in parotid gland secretion. The minor salivary glands can produce
      30 to 35 percent of the immunoglobulin A that enters the oral cavity. This,
      together with the potential accessibility of these glands to antigenic
      stimulation, suggest that they may be an important source of the immune factors
      that are involved in the regulation of the microorganisms in the oral
      environment.

PMID- 1198108
TI  - Vitamin B6-responsive and -unresponsive cystathioninuria: two variant molecular
      forms.
AB  - Cystathionase activity in a lymphoid cell line extracts from a vitamin B6
      responsive patient with cystathioninuria was increased strikingly by pyridoxal
      phosphate. Immunodiffusion with antiserum to human hepatic cystathionase showed
      identity between this cystathionase protein and cystathionase from an extract of
      normal lymphoid cells. Neither an increase in cystathionase activity nor
      immunochemical identity was found using extract of cells from a B6-unresponsive
      patient.

PMID- 1198109
TI  - Cross-cultural differences in simple taste preferences.
AB  - A population of Indian laborers who show high preferences for sour and bitter
      tastes has been studied. Their judgments of taste intensity and pleasantness of
      sweet and salty stimuli are in accord with European population estimates, which
      suggests that dietary history may alter preferences for simple taste stimuli
      without affecting the gustatory system.

PMID- 1198110
TI  - Cochlear tuning properties: concurrent basilar membrane and single nerve fiber
      measurements.
AB  - Removal of perilymph from the cochlea has been reported to destroy the sharp
      tuning of cochlear neurons. That these changes are mechanical in origin is
      refuted by the concurrent recording of sharp neural tuning with broad basilar
      membrane responses from the same region of the partially drained cat cochlea. A
      second cochlear filter is therefore necessary.

PMID- 1198111
TI  - Sex recognition in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii.
AB  - Male crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, show different behaviors toward males
      (aggression) and females (submission, courtship). Behavioral and
      neurophysiological tests with water in which the crayfish had been held
      demonstrated the existence of sex pheromones. The inner rami of the antennules
      are the site of reception, and the chemicals are probably carbohydrates.

PMID- 1198112
TI  - Social class and frequency of XYY and XXY.
AB  - The karyotype and paternal social class were determined for 10,348 consecutively
      born males. No significant difference in paternal social class was associated
      with the occurrence of the XYY or the XXY karyotype. This argues against the
      suggestion that socioeconomic factors significantly affect the frequency of the
      nondisjunctional events leading to these chromosome abnormalities.

PMID- 1198113
TI  - Stimulation in vitro by 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 of intestinal cell calcium
      uptake and calcium-binding protein.
AB  - Treatment of duodenal tissue from rats deficient in vitamin D with 1,25-dihydroxy
      vitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2-D3] led to more than a doubling of calcium uptake by the
      isolated cells and the appearacne in those cells of previously undetectable
      calcium-binding protein (CaBP). Treatment with the precursor, 25-hydroxy-vitamin
      D3, was without effect on calcium uptake or CaBP. Cells from vitamin D-replete
      animals took up three and a half times more calcium than cells from deficient
      animals. This rapid (90-minute) effect of in vitro treatment with a physiological
      dose (4.7 X 10(-8)M) of 1,25-(OH)2-D is the first such report and is in accord
      with the regulatory role of the hormone-like sterol.

PMID- 1198114
TI  - Transferrin: internal homology in the amino acid sequence.
AB  - Two regions of the primary structure of human serum transferrin, of 87 and 57
      residues, are reported. When these are suitably aligned by placing two gaps, 40
      percent of the amino acids in corresponding positions are identical. This
      indicates that the doubling of an ancestral structural gene occurred during the
      evolution of the transferrins.

PMID- 1198115
TI  - Lymphocytes of the toad Xenopus laevis have the gene set for promoting tadpole
      development.
AB  - Nuclear transplantation experiments show that differentiated cells, such as
      lymphocytes, from the adult frog can express the genes necessary for tadpole
      development. The transplanted cells were proven to be lymphocytes by
      immunological methods. The origin of the tadpoles that developed after lymphocyte
      nuclei injections was ascertained by a karyotypic marker.

PMID- 1198116
TI  - Weaning and growth of artificially reared rats.
AB  - The importance of suckling experience for later feeding in the rat was tested by
      means of an isolate rearing technique that eliminated oral feeding. Pups reared
      in the nearly complete absence of suckling and feeding ate and drank at weaning
      and then grew normally. Furthermore, the characteristics of apparently normal
      ingestion and growth make the artificially reared rat a useful preparation for
      other developmental investigations.

PMID- 1198117
TI  - Locus of short-term visual storage.
AB  - A rod monochromat can preserve visual information in iconic memory even when the
      initial stimulus is invisible to the subject. Since the initial invisibility is
      due to rod saturation, it can be shown that all the information must have been
      stored inside the photoreceptors. Because the spectral sensitivity for producing
      icons in normal subjects is that of the rods, the conclusion is that in normal
      subjects, under ordinary viewing conditions, the photoreceptors are the primary
      store for iconic memory.

PMID- 1198118
TI  - [Long-term treatment of hyperlipidemia (apropos of 32 cases observed for 6-36
      months)].

PMID- 1198119
TI  - [Biguanides and obesity].

PMID- 1198120
TI  - [Basic treatment of hemodynamic and metabolic disorders in cardiovascular
      disease].

PMID- 1198121
TI  - [Basic treatment of migraine. Various reflections].

PMID- 1198122
TI  - [Lymphostatic diseases and their treatment. Pathological aspects. Consequences
      for treatment].

PMID- 1198123
TI  - [Evaluation of assistance to multiple-drug abusers. Psychotherapy and
      psychopharmacology].

PMID- 1198124
TI  - ["Couple disease" and therapeutic approach].

PMID- 1198125
TI  - [Cancerophobia and pharyngeal paresthesia].

PMID- 1198126
TI  - Diagnosis and classification of the polycythemias.

PMID- 1198127
TI  - Spurious polycythemia.
AB  - Spurious polycythemia is not a primary disease process. It sometimes may be
      nothing more than an unusual, but normal, physiologic state. In other instances,
      however, it is associated with a true abnormality of plasma volume. Although
      there is probably overlap between these extremes, differentiation of these
      subclasses may be of prognostic significance. The elevation in hematocrit bears
      no relation to morbidity, and, because there is no evidence of abnormal erythroid
      proliferation, reduction of red cell volume via phlebotomy or myelosuppression is
      inappropriate. Nonhematologic parameters, particularly hypertension, are the
      major factors of significance in the substantial cardiovascular morbidity in
      spurious polycythemia, and they demand attentive and aggressive management.

PMID- 1198128
TI  - The bone marrow in polycythemia vera.

PMID- 1198129
TI  - Autosomal linkage in humans (methodology and results of computer analysis).

PMID- 1198130
TI  - Analysis of family resemblance and group differences.

PMID- 1198131
TI  - The relationship between legal abortion and marriage.

PMID- 1198132
TI  - Social aspects of genetic screening for Tay-Sachs disease: the pilot community
      screening program in Baltimore and Washington.

PMID- 1198134
TI  - Intergenerational fertility throughout four generations.

PMID- 1198133
TI  - A method of computing period rates of spinsterhood and childlessness from census
      data applied to the United States.

PMID- 1198135
TI  - Sociocultural correlates of fertility among tribal, rural, and urban populations
      in Iran.

PMID- 1198136
TI  - Factors affecting the choice of contraceptive method by a group of OEO patients.

PMID- 1198137
TI  - Son preference among Filipino Muslims: a causal analysis.

PMID- 1198138
TI  - Health problems of urban aborigines: With special reference to the Aboriginal
      people of Sydney.

PMID- 1198139
TI  - Factors in morbidity. Inter-practice variation of episodes of illness reported in
      the 1970--1971 national morbidity survey.

PMID- 1198140
TI  - Midical rehabilitation: Policy-making in the English health service.

PMID- 1198141
TI  - Persons denied admission to medical schools: A case of blocked career choice.

PMID- 1198142
TI  - The industrialization of fetishism or the fetishism of industrialization: A
      critique of Ivan Illich.

PMID- 1198143
TI  - The illness parameters of pregnancy.

PMID- 1198144
TI  - Power, profession and administration: An aspect of change in English hospitals.

PMID- 1198145
TI  - Socioeconomic causes of the recent rise in death rates for 15-24-yr-olds.

PMID- 1198146
TI  - Professional socialization in a surgical specialty: Acquiring medical judgment.

PMID- 1198147
TI  - Group status displacement under stress: a serendipitous finding.

PMID- 1198148
TI  - Autokinetic paradigms: a reply to Alexander, Zucker and Brody.

PMID- 1198149
TI  - [Use of gas chromatography--mass spectrometry in toxicology].
AB  - In the present paper, discussion has been focused upon the problem of identifying
      toxic substances with the aid of the GC/MS system, i.e. gas chromatography - mass
      spectrometry. Factors involved in a successful combination of a gas
      chromatography with a mass spectrophotometer have been pointed out. In addition
      attention has been drawn to the two various ways of obtaining the spectra, i.e.
      the classic EI spectra and those obtained during chemical ionization, the mode of
      performing mass fragmentography and, last, the importance and characteristic
      features of the computer-controlled GC/MS systems.

PMID- 1198150
TI  - [Some problems of the medical and economic effectiveness of creating enlarged
      territorial medical sectors in a rural district].

PMID- 1198151
TI  - [Apropos of B. P. Kryshtopa's article, "The problems of conjoining the levels of
      medical aid for the urban and rural population of the Ukrainian SSR"].

PMID- 1198152
TI  - [Medicosocial bases for the health protection of mother and child].

PMID- 1198153
TI  - [International Women's Year].

PMID- 1198154
TI  - [Hospitalization and the periods of hospital stay of endocrine disease patients].

PMID- 1198155
TI  - [Morbidity with temporary loss of work capacity among the physicians of
      therapeutic institutions in Moscow].

PMID- 1198156
TI  - [Expert method of studying the correlations of the basic categories of workers in
      scientific institutions].

PMID- 1198157
TI  - [Teaching of political economy in the medical school].

PMID- 1198158
TI  - [Medical service for the rural population].

PMID- 1198159
TI  - [Medical examination of locomotive teams before trips].

PMID- 1198160
TI  - [Complex solution of the problem of workers' health care].

PMID- 1198161
TI  - [Characteristics of age-sex ratio and the level of qualifications of the district
      therapeutics in Kiev].

PMID- 1198162
TI  - [Methods of calculating the indicators of temporary disability of farm workers].

PMID- 1198163
TI  - [Experience with the work of medical-genetic consultations].

PMID- 1198164
TI  - [First aid in the foci of affection with potent poisonous substances].

PMID- 1198165
TI  - [Experience in the organization of postgraduate training of physicians-
      organizers of the public health service].

PMID- 1198166
TI  - [Role of the Chair of Social hygiene in the organization and conduction of
      educational research work of students].

PMID- 1198167
TI  - [Rights and duties of the citizens in the field of health care].

PMID- 1198168
TI  - [Characteristics of treatment of acute exogenous poisoning in middle-aged and old
      persons].

PMID- 1198170
TI  - [Causes of erroneous diagnosis in acute surgical diseases of the abdominal
      organs].

PMID- 1198171
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of cancer of the large intestine].

PMID- 1198172
TI  - [Basis principles of complex treatment of intervertebral osteochondrosis by the
      health-resort and physiotherapeutic methods].

PMID- 1198173
TI  - [Drug therapy of bronchial obstruction].

PMID- 1198174
TI  - [Role of physiological studies in elaboration of basic objectives of occupational
      pathology].

PMID- 1198175
TI  - [Static pulmonary volumes in patients with atopic and infectious-allergic forms
      of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1198176
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis of hematogenic-disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1198177
TI  - [Recurrent perforation of typhoid ulcers of the small intestine].

PMID- 1198178
TI  - [Factors of natural immunity in children with eczema and neurodermatitis].

PMID- 1198179
TI  - [Evaluation of biochemical changes in blood of patients with severe burns during
      reconstructive operation on the skin].

PMID- 1198181
TI  - [Importance of individual method of vaccine therapy in brucellosis].

PMID- 1198182
TI  - [Dimethylsulfoxide in treatment of circumscribed forms of scleroderma].

PMID- 1198183
TI  - [Pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment of eczema in children].

PMID- 1198184
TI  - [Immunological reactivity of the body of patients with lingering pneumonia].

PMID- 1198185
TI  - [Leukocyte migration inhibition test in diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity].

PMID- 1198186
TI  - [In vitro reaction of leukocyte migration inhibition in the study of drug
      hypersensitivity].

PMID- 1198187
TI  - [Zonal rheography in the study of lung function].

PMID- 1198188
TI  - [Brush-biopsy in differential diagnosis of lung diseases].

PMID- 1198189
TI  - [Pressure phlebograph in the evaluation of the right-heart function in chronic
      pneumonia].

PMID- 1198190
TI  - [Characteristics of drug hypersensitivity as an allergic reaction].

PMID- 1198191
TI  - [Method of specific diagnosis of infections-allergic respiratory diseases].

PMID- 1198192
TI  - [Allergy to ticks - an urgent problem of allergology].

PMID- 1198193
TI  - [Treatment of bronchospastic component in patients with chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1198194
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of new expectorants].

PMID- 1198195
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of exudative erythema multiforme].

PMID- 1198196
TI  - [Skin tests and method of specific leukocytolysis in diagnosis of allergy in
      patients with eczema and neurodermatitis].

PMID- 1198198
TI  - [Certain indicators of cellular immunity in amyloidosis (experimental clinical
      study)].

PMID- 1198197
TI  - [Pathogenetic treatment of neurodermatitis by acting on the metabolism of
      biologically active substances and autonomic regulation of the body].

PMID- 1198199
TI  - [Standard and angiographic diagnosis of cerebrocranial injuries].

PMID- 1198200
TI  - [Studies on new magnification folia for x-ray diagnosis].

PMID- 1198201
TI  - [Dose saving and good quality of picture in the film-folia systems].

PMID- 1198202
TI  - [Standard diagnosis of the spine with special regard to neuroradiological
      viewpoint].

PMID- 1198203
TI  - [Radiological, sonographic and thermographic methods for localization of
      placenta].

PMID- 1198204
TI  - [Identification of micro-calcium in the xero-mammogram].

PMID- 1198205
TI  - The topology of red cell membrane lipids in hereditary spherocytosis.
AB  - The topology of membrane phospholipids in the red cells of patients with
      hereditary spherocytosis has been studied with the non-penetrating probe 2,3,5
      trinitrobenzenesulphonate. There was no significant difference in the assymetric
      distribution of the aminophospholipids phosphatidylserine and
      phosphatidylethanolamine across the two halves of the membrane bilayer in red
      cells of five patients with hereditary spherocytosis as compared to seven normal
      controls. These studies indicated that the complex processes responsible for
      membrane lipid assymetry are intact in hereditary spherocytosis.

PMID- 1198206
TI  - Identification of some substances secreted by the bovine pineal body and their
      antigonadotrophic activity in an in vitro system.
AB  - To aid elucidation of the chemical composition of the antigonadotrophic
      substances produced by the epiphysis cerebri, 100 bovine pineal bodies were
      incubated in Krebs-Ringer buffer and the incubate treated to give an ethyl
      acetate and an aqueous extract. Using thin layer chromatography on fluorescent
      silica gel plates, 5 indoles were identified and 6 unknown substances isolated
      from the pineal incubate and from both extracts. The presence of peptides was
      detected in the incubate and in the aqueous extract. The antigonadotrophic
      activity of the incubate and of the two extracts was examined using a continuous
      flow in vitro system with the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) from bovine
      adenohypophysial tissue as the final parameter. All three fractions were found to
      result in a somewhat similar production of LH. To distinguish between the
      antigonadotrophic activity attributable to the indole and the indole/protein
      components of the pineal secretion, 90 bovine pineal bodies were homogenized and
      the homogenate incubated in the continuous flow in vitro system in the presence
      or absence of trypsin and trypsin-inhibitor. Results were inconclusive regarding
      the role played by the indole and indole/protein fractions in the
      antigonadotrophic activity of the pineal body.

PMID- 1198207
TI  - The effect of inclusion of cerebrospinal fluid in the incubation medium on the in
      vitro secretion of luteinizing hormone from the bovine adenohypophysis.
AB  - Six in vitro trials were conducted using bovine tissues to study the effects of
      addition of cerebrospinal fluid (C.S.F.) to the incubation medium on the
      secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) from adenohypophysial tissue, both in the
      presence and absence of hypothalami. Additionally, a study was made of the effect
      of including pineal bodies on the secretion of LH in both medium alone and in
      medium + C.S.F. No marked or consistent effect on LH secretion was observed when
      the C.S.F. concentration ranged between 5 per cent and 40 per cent, when the
      tissues were incubated in C.S.F. alone, nor when pineal bodies were added to the
      culture system. These results do not support the concept that the C.S.F. contains
      substantial amounts of substances which enhance secretion of LH from the anterior
      pituitary.

PMID- 1198208
TI  - Learning by rote.

PMID- 1198209
TI  - Letter: Treatment of acute leukaemia.

PMID- 1198210
TI  - Letter: Coccidia related to Toxoplasma gondii: possible zoonoses.

PMID- 1198211
TI  - Letter: A new anaesthetic scavenging device.

PMID- 1198212
TI  - Letter: Saccharine diseases and profiles of possibly related disorders.

PMID- 1198213
TI  - Acute renal failure in Indian and Black patients.
AB  - This preliminary study of 50 patients suffering from acute renal failure showed
      the aetiology to be medical in 30 patients, gynaecological in 9 patients,
      abstetric in 6 patients, and surgical in 5 patients. The commonest medical causes
      of acute renal failure were septicaemia and nephrotoxins (mainly from herbal
      medicines). The commonest gynaecological cause of acute renal failure was self
      induced abortion. The relevant clinical and biochemical features are described.
      In spite of adequate dialysis and antibiotic therapy, the mortality was 34%.
      Adverse factors affecting prognosis were septicaemia, jaundice, the cause itself
      of the acute renal failure, and delay in beginning dialysis.

PMID- 1198214
TI  - The surgery of frontal sinus infection.
AB  - A clinical and surgical review of 37 patients treated for acute and chronic
      frontal sinusitis at Groote Schuur Hospital during the 6-year period 1967-1972,
      is presented. The mode of clinical presentation of this disease and its
      complications are discussed, and the surgical management of frontal sinus disease
      as practised at this hospital is described.

PMID- 1198215
TI  - Non-surgical management of a retained common duct stone. A case report.
AB  - A case report of a retained common duct stone is presented, where a successful
      outcome was achieved with a solution of sodium cholate as a solvent. The non
      surgical techniques of removal of retained common duct stones are discussed, and
      it is concluded that operative intervention is seldom necessary.

PMID- 1198216
TI  - Ethrane anaesthesia for caesarean section.
AB  - Fifty patients scheduled for elective Caesarean section were anaesthetised with
      nitrous oxide, oxygen, relaxant, and 0,5 - 1,5% Ethrane. The mothers were tilted
      laterally throughout the operation. Analysis of the maternal blood gas status
      before induction and at delivery revealed a mild respiratory alkalosis with an
      associated metabolic acidosis. The mean modified Apgar score (Apgar minus colour)
      of the infants 1 minute after delivery, was 7/8. All infants achieved the maximum
      score at 5 minutes. Blood gas studies on umbilical cord blood indicated a
      relative lack of fetal acidaemia. The results suggest that Ethrane does not cause
      significant perinatal depression, and that fetoplacental exchange is well
      maintaned during anaesthesia. The anaesthetic was well tolerated by the mothers
      and there were no instances of factual recall, no cardiac arrhythmias were
      observed, no significant hypotension was encountered and blood loss was average.

PMID- 1198217
TI  - Fungus cerebri--an unusual complication of mastoidectomy.
AB  - A case of fungus cerebri complicating mastoidectomy is presented and the
      pathogenesis is discussed.

PMID- 1198218
TI  - Ulceration caused by cytotoxic drugs.
AB  - Five cases of severe ulceration of the dorsum of the hand and forearm, caused by
      the large extravasation of a cytotoxic agent, administered for haematological
      disorders, are presented.

PMID- 1198219
TI  - Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and air encephalography.
AB  - Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord is a rare complication of
      vitamin B12 deficiency and is seldom encountered today. A case of Addisonian
      pernicious anaemia is reported in which the classical signs of subacute combined
      degeneration developed suddenly after air encephalography had been performed. The
      patient made a complete recovery.

PMID- 1198220
TI  - Letter: Air transport of patients.

PMID- 1198221
TI  - Letter: Plasma cortisol levels in kwashiorkor.

PMID- 1198222
TI  - Letter: Metoclopramide therapy following Ramstedt pyloromyotomy.

PMID- 1198223
TI  - Letter: The value of the effort electrocardiogram.

PMID- 1198224
TI  - Letter: Isoniazid metabolism in black patients.

PMID- 1198225
TI  - A minimum age for measles vaccine administration to coloured children.
AB  - The antibody response to further-attenuated live virus measles vaccine was
      assessed in 67 Coloured children between the ages of 6 and 12 months. Children
      less than 9 months of age were found to have suboptimal seroconversion rates and
      it is recommended that the routine administration of measles vaccine should be
      restricted to children over the age of 8 months. High-risk groups and problems of
      vaccine administration and storage are discussed.

PMID- 1198226
TI  - The management of colon injuries.
AB  - Surgical management of colon injuries was assessed in 97 patients. Injuries
      comprised stab wounds (88 cases), blunt trauma (5 cases), and gunshot wounds (4
      cases). Injury involved the right colon in 52,6% and the left colon in 47,4% of
      patients. Fifty-eight per cent had associated major visceral injury. Patients
      were divided into two categories; those in whom proximal colostomy or
      exteriorisation of the perforation was performed constituted the one group, and
      those who had primary closure, the other. Analysis of results were made with
      regard to the incidence of wound infection, intra-abdominal abscess formation,
      peritonitis, and other postoperative complications. Seventeen patients had
      exteriorisation of the colon performed. Colostomy and colostomy closure had a
      significant morbidity rate, with a mean total period of hospitalisation of 58,5
      days. Eighty patients were treated by primary closure. Septic complications
      occurred in 36,7% of cases. An analysis of the factors influencing mortality and
      morbidity was made, with reference to the side of the colon involved, the time
      interval between injury and surgery, faecal contamination of the peritoneal
      cavity, associated visceral injury and the presence of more than one colonic
      perforation. Increased morbidity was noted when the operative delay exceeded 6
      hours and when faecal contamination of the peritoneal cavity was marked. Primary
      closure of a lacerated colon is safe provided that careful consideration is given
      to the above factors.

PMID- 1198227
TI  - The Bernard-Soulier syndrome: hereditary giant platelet disease.
AB  - A patient with the Bernard-Soulier or hereditary giant platelet syndrome, in whom
      the characteristic morphological features were present and the in vitro
      abnormalities of platelet aggregation were demonstrated, is reported. Although
      rare, this syndrome is important, since surgical procedures may be carried out
      under cover of infused allogeneic platelets.

PMID- 1198228
TI  - Typhoid polymyositis.
AB  - Four patients with typhoid polymyositis, 3 of whom were members of one family,
      are described. There was clinical, biochemical and histological evidence of
      severe muscle involvement which reversed on treatment with Chloromycetin. Muscle
      involvement in typhoid fever is a recognised pathological entity, but a clinical
      syndrome involving muscle has not previously been described.

PMID- 1198229
TI  - Denervation treatment of affective disorders.
AB  - It was assumed that affective disorders of any aetiology are systemised
      adrenergic neuronal denervative conditions. If so, short-term pharmacological
      denervation must result in completion of pre-existing partial neuronal
      denervation and in subsequent postdenervation supersensitivity and neuronal
      recovery. Clinically controlled trials in depressive syndromes of various
      aetiology support this hypothesis.

PMID- 1198230
TI  - Trial labour conducted under continuous epidural analgesia.
AB  - Two hundred Black women who required trial labour for suspected disproportion
      were adminstered continuous lumbar epidural analgesia by an obstetrician. The
      effects, side-effects, and results are described and discussed. Epidural block
      provides safe, effective analgesia for trial labour, and does not adversely
      affect the delivery or fetal condition.

PMID- 1198231
TI  - Internal iliac artery ligation in obstetrics and gynaecology.
AB  - Ligation of one or both internal iliac arteries is described in 5 obstetric and 5
      gynaecological patients. The procedure was performed for control of severe pelvic
      haemorrhage. The anatomy and technique are briefly outlined, and the freedom from
      complications is stressed. Modern views as to the probable postoperative
      haemodynamics are discussed. A plea is made for more frequent use of this simple
      operation, and for its routine teaching during the training of pelvic surgeons.

PMID- 1198232
TI  - Induction of labour with prostaglandin E2 tablets.
AB  - The induction of labour with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) tablets in two dosage
      regimens, and with desamino-oxy-tocin, has been studied in association with
      amniotomy. In multiparas at or near term and with a high Bishop score. PGE2
      appears superior with regard to the induction-to-delivery interval and the
      duration of labour, but both preparations are highly effective in this respect.
      In nulliparas with a low Bishop score, however, intravenous oxytocin after
      amniotomy is the method of choice.

PMID- 1198233
TI  - An assessment of the criteria for selection of patients for an obstetric
      intensive care unit.
AB  - Intensive care monitoring of the fetus during labour improves perinatal
      conditions in 'high-risk" Black women. If the available facilities and staff are
      to be used with maximal efficiency, a system of priorities is necessary. It would
      appear that patients with meconium staining of the liquor, with cephalopelvic
      disproportion, or with two or more indications for monitoring, should have
      priority for admission to our intensive care unit. Hypertension and antepartum
      haemorrhage are of less importance, but there are two other problems which need
      investigation. There is a group of patients in labour who arrive too late to be
      monitored. They have a considerable perinatal mortality and the reasons for their
      late arrival need to be ascertained. There is a second group of patients who
      begin labour before term and deliver babies with a high risk of perinatal death.
      These problems require further investigation.

PMID- 1198234
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of advanced extra-uterine pregnancy.
AB  - Eighteen cases of advanced extra-uterine pregnancy are reported. The difficulty
      of diagnosis is discussed; the only symptoms of any help were amenorrhoea, lower
      abdominal pain, postmaturity and failed induction of labour. The physical
      findings were variable and none were absolutely reliable. In 17 cases the fetus
      was dead on admission and early laparotomy was performed, and in 17 patients it
      was possible to remove the placenta completely.

PMID- 1198235
TI  - Prolapse of the urethra in young Zulu girls.
AB  - Four young Zulu girls with urethral prolapse are presented; all were under 10
      years of age and all were poorly nourished. The treatment is discussed.

PMID- 1198236
TI  - Serum human placental lactogen levels in intra-uterine fetal growth retardation.
AB  - Serum human placental lactogen (HPL) levels were measured in the last trimester
      of pregnancy in 16 mothers who delivered small-for-gestational-age babies. Only 3
      patients had levels which were below the normal range, while 4 others had levels
      close to the lower limit of the normal range. The finding of a normal serum HPL
      level therefore does not exclude the possibility of intra-uterine fetal growth
      retardation. No correlation was found between serum HPL levels at 37-39 weeks and
      infant or placental weights in full-term normal deliveries.

PMID- 1198237
TI  - Biliary pancreatitis.
AB  - Seventy-one patients with acute pancreatitis are reviewed. Biliary disease was
      incriminated as an aetiological factor in 17 of these patients. During the period
      under review, 141 patients with acute cholecystitis were treated. The age and sex
      incidence in these 3 groups are compared, and some diagnostic problems are
      discussed.

PMID- 1198238
TI  - Highlights of tropical medicine in Southern Africa.

PMID- 1198239
TI  - Tropical thrombophlebitis. The role of relapsing fever in its causation.
AB  - In tropical thrombophlebitis the leg veins are most often involved, but in some
      patients thrombosis of the visceral veins may be fatal. As its cause is unknown,
      attention is called to outbreaks of relapsing fever in the Transvaal which
      effects labourers on citrus and maize farms and which often develops into
      thrombophlebitis. Appropriate tests for relapsing fever should be done in
      patients who develop this complication. Passengers on long overnight journeys by
      air are liable to deep vein thrombosis and should exercise to avoid it.

PMID- 1198240
TI  - A new look at an old problem.

PMID- 1198241
TI  - Letter: Avascular necrosis of the hip joints in hypothyroidism.

PMID- 1198242
TI  - Letter: Crystals in skeletal muscle in xanthinuria and in allopurinol-treated
      gout patients.

PMID- 1198243
TI  - Maternal drug ingestion and congenital malformations.
AB  - Possible interrelationships between maternal drug ingestion and infections during
      the first trimester and the occurrence of congenital malformations have been
      studied. Of 1 142 pregnancies, 3,4% ended in malformations clinically detected
      within 1 week of birth. For the group as a whole there was no evidence of an
      increased risk ratio in those mothers who ingested medicines. Possible reasons
      for this are discussed. Similar evaluations were carried out for pregnancies with
      threatened or actual miscarriages, stillbirths, and deaths occurring between
      birth and 1 week thereafter. The data from this limited study suggest that drugs
      are too often incorrectly incriminated when malformations occur. There are many
      other factors which can create a hostile environment for the fetus. The
      recommendation however, that women should avoid medicines in the first trimester,
      unless there are compelling reasons to the contrary, must remain.

PMID- 1198244
TI  - Warfarin as a possible teratogen.
AB  - A case of congenital stippled epiphyses is presented, and attention is drawn to
      the possibility that this condition was caused by maternal ingestion of warfarin
      during early pregnancy.

PMID- 1198245
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in Southern Africa.
AB  - A first attempt to gather the available information on subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis (SSPE) in Southern Africa has produced records of 79 cases which
      have occurred since 1955. An important feature of the epidemiology is the
      clustering of 48 cases in the 5-year period 1970-1974. Thirty of these patients
      were resident in the Cape Province, and most of them were from the Coloured
      community. An SSPE registry will be maintained at the MRC Virus Research Unit of
      the University of Cape Town and an appeal is made to all practitioners to
      contribute any relevant data on patients with this disease.

PMID- 1198246
TI  - The effect of lidoflazine on ventricular ectopic activity in chronic ischaemic
      heart disease.
AB  - The efficacy of lidoflazine was evaluated in 11 patients with chronic ischaemic
      heart disease. All patients had suffered one or more myocardial infarctions and
      all were bad risk patients with frequent ventricular ectopic beats. The patients
      were followed for periods of up to 23 months and 6-7 Holter tape recordings were
      performed at 4-weekly intervals. The frequency of ventricular ectopic beats
      decreased in 7 and remained unchanged in only 1 patient. One patient developed a
      recurrent acute myocardial infarction and 2 patients died, presumably of
      cardiogenic cause, but drug causation could not be excluded. It is concluded that
      the results justify further study of lidoflazine, not only as an anti-anginal but
      also as a ventricular antidysrhythmic agent.

PMID- 1198247
TI  - Pitfalls in the diagnosis of compensable diseases in miners.

PMID- 1198248
TI  - [Production, control and consumption of drugs in Mexico (preliminary report)].

PMID- 1198250
TI  - [Morbidity and mortality of cerebrovascular diseases in Mexico].

PMID- 1198249
TI  - [The impact of health measures on mortality in Mexico in 1973].

PMID- 1198251
TI  - [Mortality from violent causes in the Federal District of Mexico].

PMID- 1198252
TI  - [Aspects of some causes of death in Guadalaja during 1971].

PMID- 1198253
TI  - [Nutritional status of the rural population of the Altos de Chiapas].

PMID- 1198254
TI  - [The bioecology and epidemiology of tetanus in Mexico (1922-1972). Tetanus
      mortality].

PMID- 1198255
TI  - [The physicians in Mexico in 1970].

PMID- 1198256
TI  - [Tetanus. Review of 123 cases].

PMID- 1198257
TI  - [Lead content's in the blood of children residing in Mexico City, D. F].

PMID- 1198258
TI  - [Hookworm species found in a group of patients attending the Hospital del Nino
      Iman].

PMID- 1198260
TI  - [Towards a new definition of health].

PMID- 1198259
TI  - [Serologic survey in a population of Yucatan, Motul].

PMID- 1198261
TI  - [Institutional birth rate: aspects of a social phenomenon].

PMID- 1198262
TI  - [Alcoholism and drug dependence in a system of social security. An epidemiologic
      study].

PMID- 1198263
TI  - [15 years of national campaign of eradication of pinta].

PMID- 1198264
TI  - [Epidemiologic picture of syphilis].

PMID- 1198265
TI  - [The programs of rural health in Mexico].

PMID- 1198266
TI  - [Eidemilogy of cirrhosis among the population of the Instituto de Seguridad y
      Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado. Study of morbidity and
      mortality in the hospital units of the metropolitan area].

PMID- 1198267
TI  - [The attitude of physicians in Mexico towards healers].

PMID- 1198268
TI  - [Morbidity, environment and social organization. A theoretical model for the
      analysis of disease in the rural area].

PMID- 1198269
TI  - [Prevention of psychiatric disability].

PMID- 1198270
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of patients addicted to marihuana in Baja California].

PMID- 1198271
TI  - [Basic entomological activities of a campaign against malaria and data that helps
      to explain the transmission of this disease].

PMID- 1198272
TI  - [Evaluation of the rabies control program on the Northern border].

PMID- 1198273
TI  - [Somatometry in preschool children of Navojoa, Sonora, in 1966 and 1974].

PMID- 1198274
TI  - [Control of drug quality].

PMID- 1198276
TI  - [Epidemiology of neoplasms. Registry of neoplasm pathology of the Instituto
      Mexicano del Seguro Social].

PMID- 1198275
TI  - [Popular diet in the socio-cultural context].

PMID- 1198277
TI  - [Fibrinolytic activity of human endometrium saline extract (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198278
TI  - [Coagulation disorders in hemangiomas].

PMID- 1198279
TI  - [Adult idiopathic hypogammaglobulinaemia. Immunochemical and cellular studies
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198280
TI  - [Post-graduate education in hematology in Latin America].

PMID- 1198281
TI  - [Morphology, physiology, laboratory study and pathology of platelets].

PMID- 1198282
TI  - [Penicillin induced haemolytic anaemia. Communication of a case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198283
TI  - [A method to assess plasminogen in human plasma by haemagglutination inhibition.
      Relation to age and sex (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198284
TI  - [Haematological and biochemical studies in a patient with atypical essential
      thrombocythaemia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198285
TI  - Incidence of wound infection on the surgical services.

PMID- 1198286
TI  - The value of a nurse epidemiologist in the control of surgical infection.

PMID- 1198288
TI  - Etiology of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.
AB  - Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is an uncommon condition of previously unknown
      etiology. Experimental work is discussed which proves that either one of at least
      two clostridial species can produce PCI after relatively atraumatic contamination
      of the peritoneal cavity of germfree animals. This work strongly supports the
      bacterial etiology of PCI. It further suggests that vigorous and early treatment
      be directed toward control of the clostridial organisms in those cases where
      fulminating conditions associated with PCI are present.

PMID- 1198287
TI  - Gas in the wound: what does it mean?
AB  - Gas-forming infections on the surgical service are usually due to anaerobic
      microorganisms such as clostridia, peptostreptococci or bacteroides, or to one of
      the aerobic coliforms. Factors that predispose to the development of gas
      infections include lower extremity vascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Early
      treatment based on the inital Gram-stain study as well as the clinical
      presentation is helpful in reducing tissue losses and increasing overall
      survival. Treatment for nonclostridial gas infections includes prompt adequate
      surgical debridement and appropriate parenteral antibiotics. When available,
      hyperbaric oxygen should be added to the treatment plan in all extensive
      clostridial infections.

PMID- 1198289
TI  - Dangers of indiscriminate antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 1198290
TI  - Rational use of prophylactic antibiotics in gastrointestinal surgery.

PMID- 1198291
TI  - Experimental evaluation of "instant" preparation of the colon with povidone
      iodine.

PMID- 1198292
TI  - The bacteriology of intra-abdominal infections.

PMID- 1198293
TI  - Treatment of subphrenic abscess.

PMID- 1198294
TI  - Septic complications following gastric surgery: relationship to the endogenous
      gastric microflora.
AB  - The microflora of the stomach is derived from both the ingestion of food and
      saliva and the reflux of proximal intestinal contents through the pylorus.
      Normally, this microflora is inhibited by gastric acid and normal gastric
      motility. In disease states, however, such as bleeding or obstructing duodenal
      ulcer, gastric ulcer or carcinoma, the level of gastric acid is reduced or the
      gastric motility is altered. Thus, endogenous microflora persists and often
      becomes the source of postoperative wound infections following gastric resection.

PMID- 1198295
TI  - Antibiotic therapy of obstetric and gynecologic infections.

PMID- 1198296
TI  - Intraperitoneal lavage and kanamycin for the contaminated abdomen.

PMID- 1198297
TI  - Gangrene infection: new approaches to an old disease.

PMID- 1198298
TI  - Management of infected vascular prostheses.
AB  - Management of an infected vascular prosthesis must be aggressive. Aerobic and
      anaerobic cultures should be obtained immediately and broad spectrum antibiotics
      started at once and modified as culture and sensitivities direct. A period of
      intensive local wound care should be carried out for several days if possible,
      before removal of the infected prosthesis. Prolonged local therapy is usually ill
      advised since healing is rarely permanent until the graft is removed and the
      patient is constantly in danger of suture line disruption. Hemorrhage requires
      immediate removal of the infected portion of the prosthesis. Revascularization
      should be considered at the time of graft excision only if limb viability is
      questionable; otherwise it is best to wait until the infection has cleared and
      the wound has healed. Immediate or late revascularization will usually require an
      extra-anatomic bypass through uninfected tissue. The best form of treatment is,
      of course, prevention, which includes meticulous surgical technique, elimination
      of sources of contamination prior to surgery, and the use of prophylactic,
      systemic and local antibiotics.

PMID- 1198299
TI  - The problem of infection in total prosthetic arthroplasty of the hip.
AB  - In summary, deep wound infection carries a special and disastrous significance
      for the patient with a total joint prosthesis. Such patients seem to be at
      greater than usual risk of infection, and special precautionary measures to
      prevent it are not only justified but imperative. These include careful
      preoperative preparation; special attention to rigid and exacting operative
      techniques for control of potential exogenous contaminants; sensible
      preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for
      control of potential endogenous cantaminants; and continued supervision of the
      patient throughout the postoperative years so as to prevent potential metastatic
      infection from other primary sources. Pre-existing and active infections of the
      hip constitute contraindications to total prosthetic arthroplasty, but these
      rules may be suspended in certain special situations provided that the patient is
      willing to cooperate with the arduous and prolonged program of treatment, and
      fully understands the special risks involved.

PMID- 1198301
TI  - Pathophysiologic alterations during bacterial infusions for the study of
      bacteremic shock.
AB  - Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the blood stream in normal dogs was
      measured. An intravenous infusion of bacteria at a dose of 10(6) per milliliter
      per minute for two or five hours resulted in reproducible bacteremia in the 10(2)
      range per milliliter of blood without systemic side-effects. An identical
      bacterial infusion 24 hours later was characterized by enhanced clearance of
      bacteria and partial pyrogenic tolerance. A lethal bacterial dose of 4 X 10(7)
      per milliliter per minute infused for five hours exhibited an eightyfold higher
      bacteremia, shock and death within 24 hours. These events were characterized by
      leukopenia, hypothermia and hypoglycemia. Experimental results indicated that
      intact leukocyte bactericidal activity is the most important defense mechanism of
      the host in bacterial systemic infections.

PMID- 1198300
TI  - The use of antibiotics in open fractures.
AB  - The use of the term "prophylactic antibiotics" is probably not appropriate
      because we are in fact treating contaminated wounds. Only broad spectrum
      antibiotics that can be expected to be effective against coagulase-positive
      Staphylococcus aureus should be selected for antibiotic therapy in open
      fractures. We have found cephalothin-cephalexin therapy to be effective in
      significantly reducing the infection rate. However, the final selection of
      antibiotic treatment should be determined by the previous experience of organisms
      isolated and sensitivity studies done from open fracture wounds in each
      institution. These organisms will vary from hospital to hospital.

PMID- 1198302
TI  - Role of peritoneal absorption in ascites.
AB  - The movement of water, electrolytes and protein across the peritoneum was studied
      experimentally and clinically in ascites. In the experimental and clinically in
      ascites. In the experimental studies, large amounts of solutions of various
      osmolar and colloid osmolar concentrations were infused rapidly into the
      peritoneal cavities of 32 dogs. In 26 of these dogs, the ureters were ligated
      before the experiment was begun; the other six dogs served as controls. The
      clinical studies were done in five patients with ascites. Tritium, 35S and RISA
      dilution techniques were used to study the kinetics of the different components
      of peritoneal fluid. Osmolarity changes were measured in plasma and peritoneal
      fluid by the freezing point depression method. Volume changes of peritoneal fluid
      were measured serially up to 24 hours for the assessment of the peritoneal
      absorption rate. The rate of fluid movement across the peritoneal membrane seems
      to be influenced, among others, by the composition of the intraperitoneal fluid,
      as well as by the properties of the membrane itself. An asymmetric pattern of
      peritoneal absorption rate of the different compositional elements of ascitic
      fluid was observed in this study which seems to interrelate with dynamic
      equilibrium which develops between ascites and the physiologic body fluid
      compartments. No cessation of peritoneal fluid absorption or a maximal
      reabsorption rate was observed in this study; nevertheless, variations in the
      rate of peritoneal absorption due to miscellaneous influences are possible.

PMID- 1198303
TI  - A demonstration of microvilli on the luminal surfaces of epithelial cells of the
      canine extrahepatic biliary tract.
AB  - Micromorphologic evidence is presented which indicates that in the dog the lining
      epitheliums of the intramural portion of the common bile duct and proximal part
      of the cystic duct are organized into convoluted folds. The mucosal lining of the
      extramural portion of the common bile duct appears to contain simple crypt
      structures. The mucosal surface of the hepatic duct is characterized by parallel
      ridges, longitudinally aligned with the long axis of the duct. The epithelial
      cells of the entire canine extrahepatic biliary tree present a topographic-dome
      shaped appearance, and their luminal surfaces are densely covered with
      microvilli.

PMID- 1198304
TI  - Some immunologic characteristics of carcinoma of the colon and rectum.
AB  - The leukocyte migration inhibition assay was used to asses in vitro cell mediated
      immunity in patients with surgically staged carcinoma of colon and rectum. Tumor
      cells and extracts were used in both the autologous and the homologous systems.
      The study was doubly controlled by the use of leukocytes from normal healthy
      volunteers and by autologous intestinal mucosa cells and extracts. The results
      revealed that the leukocytes of patients were significantly sensitized to
      autologous tumor cells but not to homologous tumor cells or extracts when
      compared with the leukocytes of normal healthy volunteers. Leukocytes of patients
      tested with autologous tumors or mucosa showed that only those of patients with
      Dukes C classification were significantly sensitized to their tumors. These
      results would suggest that patients with Dukes C classification were highly
      sensitized to their tumors and that carcinomas of the colon and rectum are
      heterogenous tumors.

PMID- 1198305
TI  - Microaggregate formation during regional hypoperfusion.
AB  - Occlusion of the infrarenal aorta in the dog is associated with formation of
      microaggregates. Etiologic factors involve stasis, acidosis and hypoperfusion.
      Upon restoration of flow, microaggregates are transported through the inferior
      vena cava to the pulmonary circulation as microemboli. The volume of
      microaggregates appearing in the inferior vena cava after restoration of flow in
      our experiments is small and seems inadequate to cause significant pulmonary
      mechanical obstruction. The vasoactivity of these microparticles, although to
      date unknown, may be significant in the etiology of the pulmonary alterations
      which were described previously.

PMID- 1198306
TI  - Mechanisms of hypocalcemia in acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.
AB  - Thyrocalcitonin release mediated by glucagon secreted from the acutely inflamed
      pancreas has been postulated as a possible mechanism for hypocalcemia in acute
      pancreatitis. To test this hypothesis, hemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in a
      group of thyroidectomized pigs. No source of thyrocalcitonin other than the
      thyroid has been described in the pig. Their subsequent serum calcium
      concentrations were compared with those in a group of thyroid intact pigs also
      given hemorrhagic pancreatitis. The results indicate that the hypocalcemia
      observed during the first 24 hours following induction of pancreatitis is not
      related to the presence of an intact thyroid. Differences observed in the degree
      of hypocalcemia between the two groups 30 to 48 hours after pancreatitis
      developed may be of significance but could be explained by dilutional differences
      alone. Thyrocalcitonin apparently has little if any role in the hypocalcemia
      observed during the course of acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 1198307
TI  - Hypoglycemic effects of endotoxin in eviscerated dogs.
AB  - Terminal stage, endotoxin shock in the dog is associated with profound
      hypoglycemia. The response of eviscerated dogs with absent pancreatic and hepatic
      function is compatible with insulin independent peripheral tissue catabolism of
      glucose, and an increased lactate-pyruvate ratio suggests anaerobic metabolism.
      Increased survival in dogs administered exogenous glucose indicates reversible,
      fuel dependent changes of peripheral tissue metabolism. Since hyperglycemia has
      been a predominant finding in clinical endotoxin shock, species differences are
      emphasized, but perhaps closer scrutiny of the terminal stages of clinical
      endotoxin shock would be more compatible with this experimental model. In any
      event, an explanation of the metabolic changes in this model may prove valuable
      in understanding the physiopathology of endotoxin shock.

PMID- 1198308
TI  - Intraoperative bacterial transmission.
AB  - A clinical evaluation of bacterial penetration through operating room gowns was
      made during 100 general surgical procedures. A comparison of the degree of
      penetration through the standard cloth and a commercially available disposible
      gown was carried out. Cloth gowns, even in the dry state, were shown to be
      ineffective bacterial barriers. In addition, routine laundering of scrub suits
      failed to eliminate pathogenic bacteria.

PMID- 1198309
TI  - Experience with extended use of Foley catheter following repair of the bladder.
AB  - This study compares the results in patients who had anterior repair of the
      bladder managed with Foley catheter drainage for the traditional four or five
      postoperative days with a similar group of patients managed with continuous Foley
      catheter drainage far beyond the traditional period. Although the series was not
      large, the consistent, excellent results indicated that extended indwelling
      transurethral catheter technique is highly successful in avoiding common problems
      frequently encountered with operations upon the bladder and it is safe, effective
      and exceptionally simple.

PMID- 1198310
TI  - The timing of biliary tract operations in patients with pancreatitis associated
      with gallstones.
AB  - In a review of the surgical management of 64 patients with gallstone
      pancreatitis, recurrence of pancreatitis requiring readmission was noted in 48
      per cent of those who had correction of biliary tract disease delayed to a
      separate admission. When patients were operated upon during the recovery phase of
      the first admission for pancreatitis, the hospital stay was reduced, there were
      no deaths and the morbidity was not increased. None of these patients had a
      documented recurrence of pancreatitis.

PMID- 1198311
TI  - Editorial: Factors related to anesthetic risk.

PMID- 1198312
TI  - Editorial: "Destruction lurks within the poisonous dose".

PMID- 1198313
TI  - Modified Deaver retractor designed for comfort.

PMID- 1198314
TI  - An inexpensive wound suction device.

PMID- 1198315
TI  - Where and how to find the cystic artery during cholecystectomy.

PMID- 1198316
TI  - Percutaneous cannulation of the femoral artery for monitoring.
AB  - This technique for the percutaneous placement of an intra-arterial cannula in the
      common femoral artery offers a simple method for the monitoring of blood pressure
      and blood gases. The morbidity of this procedure is low, and it is technically
      less difficult than radial artery cannulation.

PMID- 1198317
TI  - Dual cecostomy as an approach to volvulus of the cecum.

PMID- 1198318
TI  - Chemosis, proptosis and amaurosis in a 19-year-old male.
AB  - An ectopic pinealoma was excised in 1966 and the patient received radiotherapy
      postoperatively. The patient developed diabeted insipidus, hypopituitarism,
      chemosis, proptosis, and loss of vision in the left eye. The left eye was
      enucleated in 1974 and a large orbital mass was found to contain malignant cells
      consistent with the diagnosis of germinoma. The orbital mass was in all
      likelihood a metastasis from the original focus of the tumor.

PMID- 1198319
TI  - The case of the dramatic impression.
AB  - A patient has presented with mysterious vision loss following administration of
      eye drops for lid edema. The patient (and his attorney) blame the eye drops and
      the prescribing ophthalmologist. The consulting ophthalmologist describes the
      examination techniques and rationale that led to correct diagnosis and cure.

PMID- 1198320
TI  - A comparison of four projection perimeters. Instrument specifications.
AB  - In addition to the original and highly popular instrument designed by Goldmann,
      three other projection perimeters are now available. Features of the Goldmann,
      Topcon, Marco and Rodenstock machines are examined and compared.

PMID- 1198321
TI  - Pre- and postnatal toxicity induced in guinea pigs by N-nitrosomethylurea.
AB  - Oral administration of N-nitrosomethylurea at maximally tolerated doses to guinea
      pigs on alternate days from days 34-58 of pregnancy induced prenatal toxicity, as
      evidenced by a high frequency of stillbirths and intrauterine growth retardation,
      and postnatal toxicity, as evidenced by stunting and progressive mortality.
      Similar administration of N-nitrosomethylurethane at maximally tolerated doses
      did not induce such toxic effects.

PMID- 1198322
TI  - The effects of exogenous cortisone acetate on development (especially skeletal
      development) and on circulating levels of corticosteroids in chick embryos.
AB  - Chick embryos were treated with cortisone acetate on day 8 of incubation and the
      subsequent growth of the whole embryo and the development of the tibia studied to
      day 18 of incubation. Cortisone, at 10 ng to 2 mg/embryo decreased general body
      growth; above 0.5 mg/embryo it also retarded morphogenesis by as much as 3
      Hamilton-Hamburger stages; and above 1 mg/embryo gross abnormalities were
      produced. The growth and differentiation of the tibia were affected to a greater
      extent than was the whole body. The reductions in tibial and total body weight
      were not linearly related to dose of cortisone injected. The exogenous cortisone
      acetate resulted in drastic alterations in the circulating levels of cortisone,
      cortisol, corticosterone, and progesterone, but plasma progesterone level was
      most readily correlated with the growth retardation. This study emphasizes that
      avian embryos can readily compensate for exogenous corticosteroids and that
      caution must be exercised when attributing causality to the substance
      administered.

PMID- 1198323
TI  - An unusual two-tailed mouse.
AB  - A malformation that resulted in the formation of 2 complete tails is described in
      a mouse that was heterozygous for the sex-linked gene Bent-tail (Bn). One of the
      tails appeared normal and contained 29 vertebrae, whereas the other tail
      consisted of 27 vertebrae and had several bends or kinks in it and also had
      malformed vertebrae similar to those described for the Bn gene. A comparison of
      the malformation with previously described bifurcated tail conditions in the
      mouse is presented. It is possible that this 2-tailed mouse represents a special
      case of X-chromosome inactivation.

PMID- 1198324
TI  - Cholinomimetic teratogens: studies with chicken embryos.
AB  - The cholinomimetic compounds carbachol, decamethonium, neostigmine,
      succinylcholine, trimethylphenylammonium, and others were tested for their
      interference with normal chick development. All these compounds led to
      abnormalities of the cervical vertebrae; at higher dosage interference with
      normal morphogenesis involved the whole vertebral column. Hypoplasia of the leg
      muscles occurred with lower incidence. Responses, tested with carbachol, rose
      from 24 to 72 and 96 h, then declined to 120 h of incubation. Two of the
      cholinometic compounds used in combined treatment produced a high degree of
      synergism. Gallamine, benzoquinomium, butyrylcholine, and bethanechol had
      protective effects. Acetylcholine, at high dosage, caused defects different from
      the above. It is suggested that the cholinomimetic teratogens interfere with
      normal development by displacing acetylcholine from its receptors or by forming
      complexes with it.

PMID- 1198325
TI  - Effects in mice of high and low environmental temperature on the maternal and
      fetal toxicity of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) and on disposition of
      [14C]-dinoseb(12).
AB  - Swiss-Webster female mice were treated with 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol
      (dinoseb) and maintained in an increased environmental temperature (32 degrees C)
      for 24 h or a decreased temperature (0-6 degrees C) for 1.5-4 h. In two
      experiemtns animals maintained at low temperature were kept wet during the cold
      exposure, to enhance the reduction in body temperature, by rinsing them with
      water at approximately 30 min intervals. Results from nonpregnant females
      indicated that increased temperature lowered the LD50 for single injections of
      dinoseb from 20.2 to 14.1 mg/kg and that reduced temperature for 4 h had no
      effect on the LD50. A 24 h exposure to 32 degrees C enhanced the effect of 3
      daily dinoseb treatments of pregnant mice; it increased maternal mortality,
      decreased fetal body weight, and increased frequency of fetal anomalies. Fetal
      body weight and the frequency of malformations were the same in groups exposed to
      low temperature and maintained at room temperature. Disposition of [14 C] dinoseb
      was also determined in nonpregnant mice exposed to temperatures of 0, 24, and 32
      degrees C. The periods of environmental temperature studied (3-24 h) had no
      effect on the rate of disappearance of dinoseb from plasma or other tissues
      examined.

PMID- 1198327
TI  - Selection of the experimental unit in teratology studies.
AB  - In teratology experiments the litter (pregnant female) rather than the fetus is
      advocated as being the proper experimental unit upon which to base the
      statistical analysis. It is pointed out that per litter tests, by being based on
      the average fetal response within a litter, do take the individual fetus into
      account. Actual experimental data are used to show that when litter effects are
      present a per fetus analysis is invalid and may seriously exaggerate the
      significance level. It is also shown that there appears to be little loss in
      sensitivity in performing per litter tests even in the unlikely event that there
      are no litter effects. Thus it certainly seems prudent to analyze teratology data
      with test procedures that treat the litter as the experimental unit.

PMID- 1198326
TI  - Incorporation of 5-lododeoxyuridine into the DNA of mouse embryos: its relation
      to embryotoxicity.
AB  - Pregnant female ICR mice were administered, ip, either a trace (200 muCi/kg) or
      teratogenic (200 muCi + 300 mg/kg) dose of [6(-3)H] 5-iododeoxyuridine (IdU) on
      day 10 of gestation. Maternal liver, spleen, intestine, and kidneys, and
      placentas and embryos were removed at various time intervals after injection,
      weighed, and homogenized in cold 0.5 m perchloric acid. The half-lives of IdU
      derived nucleotides in the acid-soluble fraction ranged from 31-46 min (trace) to
      57-131 min (teratogenic) for the tissues analyzed. [3H]IdU was incorporated into
      the DNA of all mitotically active tissues after both dosages. The presence of the
      label in iodouracil was demonstrated by thin-layer chromatography of DNA bases
      extracted from maternal spleen and embryo. Growth of embryos following injection
      on day 10 resulted in decreased 3H-specific activity in the DNA fraction and
      concomitant retention of total activity. It is suggested that the previously
      demonstrated embryotoxicity of IdU is related to its retention at its presumed
      intracellular site of action.

PMID- 1198328
TI  - The relation between maternal restraint and food deprivation, plasma
      corticosterone, and induction of cleft palate in the offspring of mice.
AB  - The blood level of corticosterone was measured in mice following the injection on
      day 14 of pregnancy of a dose of corticosterone sufficient to cause a low
      frequency of cleft palate in the fetuses. This was compared with the blood levels
      present during maternal restraint and food deprivation that produced a similar
      frequency of cleft palate. The mean blood level over the 24 h following injection
      of corticosterone was 660 mug/100 ml, and during a similar period of restraint
      was 485 mug/100 ml. Other mice were subjected either to restraint or food
      deprivation for 24 h beginning day 14 of pregnancy, the plasma corticosterone
      levels measured during that time, and the frequency of cleft palate in late
      fetuses compared with the individual plasma corticosterone levels during
      treatment. There was a significant (P less than 0.025) correlation between high
      maternal corticosteroid levels and the frequency of cleft palate in the offspring
      of the restrained mice but not in the food-deprived animals. It is suggested that
      in some stressed mice endogenous plasma corticosterone can reach levels
      sufficient to account for the development of cleft palate.

PMID- 1198329
TI  - Chromosomal abnormalities in maternal and fetal tissues of magnesium- or zinc
      deficient rats.
AB  - The effect of dietary deficiency during pregnancy of zinc or magnesium on
      maternal and fetal chromosomes was studied. Pregnant rats were given a zinc
      deficient or a magnesium-deficient diet from the beginning of pregnancy and
      maternal bone marrow and fetal liver were removed on day 19 of gestation.
      Chromosome spreads were prepared and metaphases examined for abnormalities. Both
      magnesium- and zinc-deficient maternal bone-marrow and fetal liver cells showed
      significantly more chromosomal abnormalities than did those of controls. The
      chromosomal aberrations occurring in highest incidence in magnesium-deficient
      animals were terminal deletions and fragments. A higher than normal incidence of
      "stickiness" was also observed in cells from magnesium-deficient animals. In zinc
      deficient animals, on the other hand, the chromosomal aberrations with the
      highest incidence were gaps and terminal deletions.

PMID- 1198330
TI  - Influence of low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation on prenatal development of two
      inbred mouse strains.
AB  - Effects of low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation on prenatal development of DHS
      and A/HeMk mice were studied. On day 8 of gestation (VP day = 0) pregnant females
      were exposed to ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 2.25 MHz and power of 40
      mW/cm2 for 5 h. A low frequency of severe cranial and facial anomalies occurred
      that was attributable to the irradiation in both strains. The difference in
      frequency of malformed fetuses was marked between irradiated and untreated
      control A/HeMk mice, but not DHS mice. Fetal growth inhibition and death were
      also produced in both strains, although the possible effect of binding the
      pregnant mice for irradiation cannot be discounted.

PMID- 1198331
TI  - Prenatal exposure to oral contraceptives and transposition of the great vessels
      in man.
AB  - The hypothesis that female sex hormones in the first trimester of pregnancy are
      causally related to transposition of the great vessels (TGV) was tested by a
      retrospective study of 135 cases of TGV ascertained through the British Columbia
      Health Surveillance Registry. During 1962-1972 there was no increase in the
      annual incidence rates of TGV. Analysis of questionnaires completed on 58 cases
      revealed no definite association between inadvertent use of oral contraceptives
      or other sex hormones during early pregnancy and TGV.

PMID- 1198332
TI  - Cellular and biochemical aspects of growth retardation in rat fetuses induced by
      maternal administration of selected anticancer agents.
AB  - Single ip injections of 600 mg/kg 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4
      carboxamide (DIC) and 900 mg/kg 5-[3,3-bis(2-chlorethyl)-1-triazeno]-imidazole-4
      carboxamide (BIC) were given to pregnant Wistar rats at day 12 and the animals
      were killed 4 h after injection and at days 13-17 of gestation. Fetal tissues
      were used to determine total DNA, RNA, and protein and the data used to derive
      cell number and cell weight, RNA, and protein/cell. Both compounds reduced total
      fetal body weight, DNA, RNA, and protein but reduction of RNA by BIC was not
      statistically significant. These effects were observed 4 h after injection,
      increased with age (days 13-17), and were 3-4 times greater for DIC than BIC. By
      using the value of 6.2 mumug DNA/cell, cell number and per-cell values for
      weight, RNA, and protein, and weight: DNA, RNA:DNA, and protein:DNA ratios were
      computed. The per-cell values and ratios in the DIC-exposed animals were 8-44%
      greater and in BIC-treated animals 0-11% greater than control animals of the same
      gestational age. Percentage of body water was the same in the experimental and
      control animals. The differences in DNA, RNA, and protein are believed to be
      related to drug-induced growth retardation incident to total fetal DNA reduction
      resulting in diminished cell number.

PMID- 1198334
TI  - Pattern of anomalies following single oral doses of ethylenethiourea to pregnant
      rats.
AB  - Single oral administration to rats of 240 mg/kg ethylenethiourea on days 10-21 of
      gestation produced visceral anomalies involving the nervous, urogenital, and
      ocular systems, and osseous anomalies affecting the axial and appendicular
      skeletons. The types of anomalies and organs affected were dependent on the stage
      of prenatal development at the time of treatment.

PMID- 1198333
TI  - Cholinomimetic teratogens. II. Interaction with inorganic ions.
AB  - Treatment of chicken embryos after 96 h of incubation showed that the teratogenic
      activity of the cholinomimetic compounds carbachol, neostigmine, decamethonium,
      and tetramethylammonium is reduced in the presence of calcium acetate. Similarly,
      supplementation with potassium acetate reduced the teratogenicity of carbachol
      and tetramethylammonium.

PMID- 1198335
TI  - Successive spontaneous abortions with diverse chromosomal aberrations in human
      translocation heterozygote.
AB  - A patient who had 3 first-trimester spontaneous abortions (blighted ova) was
      found to be carrying a balanced 13/14 Robertsonian translocation. In the 2 cases
      cytogenetically analyzed, different chromosomal aberration were found (trisomy 16
      and supernumerary D elements). Histologic examination of the placentas of all 3
      abortions revealed hypovascular or avascular villi, hydropic degeneration, and
      occasional atypical stromal (Hofbauer-like) cells. In 2 cases the decidua was
      examined by light microscopy and was diffusely inflamed with a plasmolymphocytic
      infiltrate. The relation of the maternal translocation to the repeated abortions
      with chromosome anomalies is discussed.

PMID- 1198336
TI  - Studies of the development of congenital anomalies in rats. III. Effects of
      inhibition of mitochondrial energy systems on embryonic development.
AB  - Pregnant rats were treated with various inhibitors of mitochondrial oxidative
      energy metabolism and with lowered oxygen tension, and the embryo fetuses
      examined for the occurrence of congenital malformations and for changes in
      enzymatic activities. Treatment with all agents tested resulted in the production
      of skeletal anomalies. Sodium phenobarbital was the most teratogenic of the drugs
      tested and produced a high incidence of malformations which included cleft
      palate, tail anomalies, spinal retroflexion, domed head, and facial hypoplasia.
      Diphenylhydantoin produced a low incidence of syndactyly and oligodactyly. In
      addition to its effects on fetal growth and development chloramphenicol appeared
      to interfere with implantation. Tissue preparations from embryos exposed to
      sodium phenobarbital and chloramphenicol showed markedly lowered levels of DPNH
      oxidase activity. Cytochrome oxidase activity was also markedly lowered in the
      preparations from chloramphenicol-exposed embryos. Enzyme activities in
      preparations from embryos exposed to malonate and diphenylhydantoin appeared
      unaffected, although the drugs are strong inhibitors of electron transport in
      vitro; the lack of apparent effect may be due to the fact that both drugs do not
      bind to the enzyme preparations and were diluted 100- to 200-fold during
      preparation and assay of the tissue homogenates.

PMID- 1198337
TI  - The teratogenic effects in rabbits of doxycycline, dissolved in
      polyvinylpyrrolidone, injected into the yolk sac.
AB  - A technique was developed for injecting agents into the yolk sac of rabbits to
      study their teratogenic effects. On the 9th day of gestation the rabbits were
      laparotomized during ether-oxygen narcosis. The test substance was injected into
      the yolk sacs in one horn of the uterus, and as control the corresponding solvent
      was injected into the other horn. On the 28th day of gestation the rabbits were
      killed, resorptions counted, and fetuses examined for malformations. Three series
      of studies were made: physiological saline; polyvinylpyrrolidone; and doxycycline
      dissolved in polyvinylpyrrolidone (DIP). The rate of resorptions and
      malformations significantly increased after injection of Vibravenos. As
      polyvinylpyrrolidone was not teratogenic it is concluded that the teratogenic
      effects of DIP were probably caused by doxycycline.

PMID- 1198338
TI  - Methylmercury poisoning.

PMID- 1198339
TI  - Editorials: Management of death and dying.

PMID- 1198340
TI  - Management of the breast lump.

PMID- 1198341
TI  - Biofeedback: a demand for clinical expertise.

PMID- 1198342
TI  - Combined approach to treatment of retinoblastoma.

PMID- 1198343
TI  - Management of intraocular opacities with the roto-extractor.

PMID- 1198344
TI  - The Ocusert system in the management of glaucoma.

PMID- 1198345
TI  - Autotransfusion: use in penetrating trauma.

PMID- 1198347
TI  - Medicine and the law.

PMID- 1198346
TI  - Coronary artery obstruction and myocardial infarction resulting from
      nonpenetrating chest trauma.

PMID- 1198348
TI  - Linkage disequilibrium among multiple neutral alleles produced by mutation in
      finite population.

PMID- 1198349
TI  - Analysis of evolution: evolutionary rates, independence and treeness.

PMID- 1198350
TI  - The covariance of relatives derived from a random mating population.

PMID- 1198351
TI  - Sample sizes required to detect linkage disequilibrium between two or three loci.

PMID- 1198352
TI  - Population genetics of modifiers of meiotic drive: IV. On the evolution of sex
      ratio distortion.

PMID- 1198353
TI  - Heterozygosity and relationship in regularly subdivided populations.

PMID- 1198354
TI  - [Limits in medicine? Attempt at a self critical congress report].

PMID- 1198355
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Basis of drug therapy].

PMID- 1198356
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Basic drugs].

PMID- 1198357
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Symptomatically effective therapy].

PMID- 1198358
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Physical therapy in rheumatic
      diseases].

PMID- 1198359
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Functional therapy of rheumatic
      diseases].

PMID- 1198360
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Critical evaluation of surgical
      therapy of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1198361
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Social care].

PMID- 1198362
TI  - [Critical evaluation of rheumatism therapy. Basics on current care of rheumatic
      patients].

PMID- 1198363
TI  - [Azur compound as an "interval drug" for rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1198365
TI  - [Compensation for suffering].

PMID- 1198364
TI  - [Public health care in Cambodia].

PMID- 1198366
TI  - [Diagnosis of lesions of cervical and lumbal roots (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198367
TI  - [Electromyography in the diagnosis of nerve compression syndromes and indications
      for surgical decompression (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198368
TI  - [Electromyography in diagnostic and therapy of peripheral nerve trauma (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198369
TI  - [Median nerve compression in carpal tunnel caused by trauma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198370
TI  - [The tarsal tunnel syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198371
TI  - [Internal neurolysis of injured nerves. Indication, technique and results
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198372
TI  - [Results of the autologous nerve grafting by lesions of cranial and peripheral
      nerves (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198373
TI  - [Resensibilisation of the fingers after irreparable nerve lesions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198374
TI  - [Foreign workers: migration and health problems (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198375
TI  - [Accidents on the job among foreign workers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198376
TI  - [Foreign women in Switzerland - more or fewer gynecologic diseases? (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198377
TI  - [Perinatal mortality in foreign workers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198378
TI  - [Course of labor in foreign women].

PMID- 1198379
TI  - [Labour of overweighted women (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198380
TI  - [Foreign workers and pregnancy interruption (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198381
TI  - [Menstrual disorders in Italians following immigration to Switzerland (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198382
TI  - [Change of religious habits of Italian women following immigration (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198383
TI  - [Problems with the integration of foreign children in Swiss schools (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1198384
TI  - [Problems of teachers with foreign-speaking children (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198385
TI  - [Language and social setting - experiment of an emancipatory language teaching
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198386
TI  - Depressions caused by oral contraceptives and their treatment with Origen.

PMID- 1198387
TI  - General problems of chemotherapy and antibiotic treatment.

PMID- 1198389
TI  - Physiological activity in mediastinal teratomata.
AB  - The clinical details of two patients with benign mediastinal teratomata are
      presented. Both patients developed inflammation of the root of the neck, the
      first after a small dose of radiotherapy and the second after a larger dose of
      radiotherapy and exploration of the thoracic inlet. In both cases, exploration of
      the inflamed area was followed by persistent discharge of fluid which was sterile
      on culture. In the first case, this was found to have a high cholesterol, lipid,
      and amylase content. In both cases, a benign mixed teratoma, with contents
      including intestinal epithelium and pancreatic tissue, was removed at
      thoracotomy. The suggestion is made that leakage of digestive enzymes from
      pancreatic, intestinal or salivary tissue may be a cause of inflammation in and
      around teratomata, especially after surgical exploration. Early thoracotomy is
      advised when the condition is recognized.

PMID- 1198388
TI  - The lungs in lymphangiomyomatosis and in tuberous sclerosis.
AB  - Two cases of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (PL) are described and 33 other cases
      from the literature are reviewed. These are compared with one case of tuberous
      sclerosis with pulmonary involvement (PTS) and 32 other cases from the
      literature. There are no differences in lung function between these two
      conditions, both of which show airways obstruction associated with diffuse
      radiological lung changes. There are, however, both clinical and radiological
      differences and also differences in the distribution of the lesions and the
      histological location of the excessive smooth muscle; these indicate that PL and
      PTS are probably different entities and not polar forms of one condition.
      Finally, the strictly female incidence of PL suggests a sex-linked disorder, and
      it is postulated that this may be related to congenital pulmonary
      lymphangiectases.

PMID- 1198390
TI  - Primary sarcoma of the lung.
AB  - Primary sarcoma of lung is defined to exclude sarcomata of lymphatic origin. A
      series of nine patients is presented, all of whom were seen in Edinburgh. In each
      case there is histological proof of the diagnosis or sarcoma. From the same
      population and during the same period of time, 6000 cases of bronchial carcinoma
      presented. Eight of the nine patients underwent resection of the tumour, and the
      pathological findings and clinical results are described. From a review of the
      literature and from the Edinburgh series, a general series of 59 cases of primary
      sarcoma of the lung has been selected. The criteria for selection were directed
      at the assessment of the results of surgery in the treatment of this lesion. The
      five-year survival rate after 'curative' surgery is 52%, and the prognosis after
      surgery does not appear to depend on the radical nature of the operation.

PMID- 1198391
TI  - Fascia lata valves: a clinicopathological study.
AB  - Sixteen frame-mounted fascia lata valves removed from the mitral, aortic or--in
      one patient--pulmonary position have been detailed histologically. These valves
      had remained in 15 patients (11 men and four women) for periods varying between
      10 and 44 months. The reason for the original transplantation was either chronic
      rheumatic endocarditis or calcific aortic disease. In the mitral position, the
      leaflet in position nearest the site of the original anterior mitral valve cusp
      showed the least changes. The remaining two leaflets of the fascia lata valve in
      the mitral position, as well as those removed from the aortic or pulmonary
      position, showed more severe changes; these consisted of degeneration of collagen
      tissue and often a severe decrease of nuclei belonging to the fibroblastic
      series. These changes, as well as superimposition of fibrin or fibrous tissue,
      tended to become more pronounced the longer the valve had remained in the
      patient. Viability studies in valves removed from two patients have also been
      undertaken showing very greatly reduced activity. The possible causes for valve
      dysfunction have been reviewed, and the findings in this study suggest that
      contraction of fibrous tissue, which sandwiches the fascia lata valve cusps, may
      contribute to failure of satisfactory valve function. It is concluded that fascia
      lata forms a poor substitute for replacement of diseased cardiac valves.

PMID- 1198393
TI  - Oesophagomyotomy for achalasia of the cardia.
AB  - Experience of 48 cases of achalasia of the cardia, treated by oesophagomyotomy,
      and of three cases of failed 'Heller' operation, treated by jejunal
      interposition, is recorded. Some technical details and the results are discussed.

PMID- 1198392
TI  - Coronary artery fistula: report of three cases.
AB  - Three children are described with a right coronary artery fistula communicating
      with a right heart chamber. Each had a continuous murmur like that of a patent
      ductus arteriosus but situated at a lower level. Aortography established the
      diagnosis and excluded any accompanying malformation. It is concluded that to
      prevent complications surgical treatment should be recommended.

PMID- 1198394
TI  - Effect of atropine on sputum production.
AB  - The effect of atropine on sputum production has been studied in patients with
      asthama, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis in some of whom there was
      bronchorrhoea. In three patients a reduction in sputum volume was observed after
      atropine but it would seem that the decrease was mainly due to the inhibitory
      effect on salivary secretion which facilitates spitting. The one patient treated
      with long-term oral atropine showed a marked reduction in sputum volume although
      chemical constituents and viscosity levels remained unchanged, suggesting that in
      this case atropine had an inhibitory effect on bronchial gland secretion.

PMID- 1198395
TI  - Variability of routine pulmonary function tests.
AB  - Pulmonary function tests sometimes indicate a progressive deterioration and at
      other times a 'stepwise' worsening which may be followed by improvement.
      Interpretation depends on the extent of random or diurnal variations in function.
      Routing pulmonary function tests (VC, FEV1, FRC, and airway resistance (Raw))
      were repeatedly measured in normal subjects, patients with stable irreversible
      airways obstruction, and patients with stable restrictive disease. In all groups
      there was a significant (P less than 0.001) diurnal variation in Raw, with high
      values in the morning, low values at noon, and rising values in the evening. The
      midday Raw values were about 80% of the highest daily values. The considerable
      random and diurnal variability seen in all tests is reflected in the range of
      high and low values (% of mean individual response) in individuals. The largest
      variation in an individual between measurements taken at two different times was
      81% in Raw (range: 40% above to 41% below the mean). There was less variation in
      FEV1 (29%), FRC (62%), and VC (30%). Thus the finding of a stepwise change in
      function could reflect its natrual variability. When repeated studies are done to
      assess progress or the effects of therapy on disease, there are many factors,
      including the time of day at which the tests are performed, which should be
      standardized as far as possible.

PMID- 1198396
TI  - Forced expiratory time--its reliability as a lung function test.
AB  - Three studies of factors affecting variability of forced expiratory time (FET)
      have been carried out. In the first, different observers or repeated measurements
      over a few minutes were shown to make no significant contribution to FET
      variability. Time of day was also relatively unimportant. In the second study,
      FET was shown to vary considerably more than peak flow rate, forced expiratory
      volumes, and mid expiratory flow rates over the course of five days. In the third
      study, FET was shown to correlate with other measurements of airways obstruction
      though the correlation coefficients were relatively low. The measurement of FET
      is thought to be too variable to be of practical use as a screening test for
      small airways disease, though its clinical value is not questioned.

PMID- 1198397
TI  - Plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen in bronchial carcinoma and chronic
      bronchitis.
AB  - The plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen were increased in 80% of 49
      patients with bronchial carcinoma and in 68% of 25 patients with an acute
      exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. There was no statistically significant
      difference between the two groups. A single determination of the plasma
      carcinoembryonic antigen level has no prognostic value in patients with bronchial
      carcinoma.

PMID- 1198398
TI  - Effect of lung resection for bronchial carcinoma on pulmonary function in
      patients with and without chronic obstructive bronchitis.
AB  - Pulmonary function was measured before and after lung resection (pneumonectomy or
      lobectomy) in 58 patients with bronchial carcinoma, 33 of whom also had chronic
      obstructive bronchitis. Lung resection was well tolerated and caused no greater
      impairment of lung function postoperatively in the bronchitics than in those
      without bronchitis.

PMID- 1198399
TI  - Use of an ear oximeter to assess lung function.
AB  - Values of arterial oxygen saturation were estimated using an ear oximeter while
      subjects breathed a mixture of 15% oxygen in nitrogen. Results obtained from
      patients with lung disease were clearly separated from results obtained from
      normal subjects, and the lowereing of saturation was related to the clinical
      severity of the disease. Patients with low oximeter readings with 15% oxygen also
      had low levels of arterial oxygen tension during exercise.

PMID- 1198400
TI  - Performance of heat exchangers used in whole body perfusion circuits.
AB  - The performance of some commonly used heat exchangers has been investigated with
      particular reference to the effect of varying the water flow. The results
      demonstrate that there is considerable variation in the performance of most units
      when the water flow is changed. It is suggested that more information should be
      provided by the manufacturers of heat exchangers and that there should be a
      supply of water in cardiothoracic theatres at a sufficient pressure to allow the
      full performance of the heat exchangers to be realized.

PMID- 1198401
TI  - Pulmonary function in tropical eosinophilia before and after treatment with
      diethylcarbamazine.
AB  - Spirometric and lung volume measurements were carried out before and after
      treatment with diethylcarbamazine in 19 patients with tropical eosinophilia. The
      total lung capacity and vital capacity returned to or nearly to normal while the
      FEV1 and PEFR, though improved, tended to remain below normal, indicating some
      residual airways obstruction especially in patients whose treatment began more
      than one month from the onset of symptoms. The time taken for the pulmonary
      function to return to normal with treatment was found to be much longer than for
      the clinical and haematological response.

PMID- 1198402
TI  - Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in intrinsic non-atopic asthma.
AB  - Sixteen patients with intrinsic non-atopic asthma with persistent wheezing who
      had never been treated with corticosteroids showed normal adrenocortical
      responses to prolonged stimulation with Tetracosactin Depot. In a subgroup of six
      patients the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response to a standard insulin
      stress test was normal. It is concluded that impaired responsiveness of the HPA
      axis is unlikely to be a common factor in initiating or maintaining airways
      obstruction in patients with intrinsic asthma.

PMID- 1198403
TI  - An intrapulmonary teratoma associated with thymic tissue.
AB  - A benign teratoma was removed by segmental resection from the upper lobe of the
      right lung in a girl aged 19 years. This is the twentieth case report of a
      teratoma occurring in the lung substance and is of special interest because of
      the identification of thymic tissue histologically. The significance of this in
      relation to the pathogenesis of intrathoracic teratoma is discussed.

PMID- 1198404
TI  - Thymic lymphoma--an unusual presentation.
AB  - A patient with a thymic lymphoma invading both chest wall and lung is presented.
      Extensive systemic-pulmonary arterial communications had developed through this
      lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease should be included as a rare cause of systemic to
      pulmonary communications.

PMID- 1198405
TI  - Oral anticoagulant therapy and its control: an international survey.
AB  - A survey for the International Study Group for Anticoagulant Control has been
      conducted in which a questionnaire was sent to members in 39 countries.
      Information based on 37 replies obtained indicated that the most widely used test
      in oral anticoagulant therapy is the Quick one stage prothrombin estimation.
      There is a great diversity in the method of reporting prothrombin time results.
      Percentage activity of normal on the basis of saline dilution curves is the most
      popular. Only six countries have national or regional systems for anticoagulant
      control. Recommendations for the therapeutic range of dosage vary widely. The
      upper limit in one country may be the lower limit in another. In many centres
      doses of anticoagulant drugs are advocated which elsewhere are considered either
      inadequate anticoagulation or dangerous overdosages. The variation of therapeutic
      range may still be considerable even when a standard thromboplastin is available.
      Data collected from the survey indicates the need for urgent measures to provide
      a uniform of laboratory control of clinical dosage of anticoagulant drugs. Until
      such measures are implemented it is meaningless to try to compare the efficacy of
      oral anticoagulant therapy from country to country or even to attempt multicentre
      trials within national boundaries.

PMID- 1198406
TI  - Use of a lyophilized reference plasma to compare coagulation test procedures:
      Normotest, Simplastin-A and Thrombotest.
AB  - In 4 collaborative trials, involving a varying number of hospital laboratories in
      the Stockholm area, the coagulation activity of different test materials was
      estimated with the one-stage prothrombin tests routinely used in the
      laboratories, viz. Normotest, Simplastin-A and Thrombotest. The test materials
      included different batches of a lyophilized reference plasma, deep-frozen
      specimens of diluted and undiluted normal plasmas, and fresh and deep-frozen
      specimens from patients on long-term oral anticoagulant therapy. Although a close
      relationship was found between different methods, Simplastin-A gave consistently
      lower values than Normotest, the difference being proportional to the estimated
      activity. The discrepancy was of about the same magnitude on all the test
      materials, and was probably due to a divergence between the manufacturers'
      procedures used to set "normal percentage activity", as well as to a varying
      ratio of measured activity to plasma concentration. The extent of discrepancy may
      vary with the batch-to-batch variation of thromboplastin reagents. The close
      agreement between results obtained on different test materials suggests that the
      investigated reference plasma could be used to calibrate the examined
      thromboplastin reagents, and to compare the degree of hypocoagulability estimated
      by the examined PIVKA-insensitive thromboplastin reagents. The assigned
      coagulation activity of batches of the reference plasma agreed closely with
      experimentally obtained values. The stability of supplied batches was
      satisfactory as judged from the reproducibility of repeated measurements. The
      variability of test procedures was approximately the same on different test
      materials.

PMID- 1198407
TI  - Alterations in the effects of warfarin in dogs by halofenate: an influence upon
      the kinetics of prothrombin.
AB  - The interaction between warfarin and the new lipid lowering agent halofenate (MK
      185) [2- acetamidoethyl (p-chlorophenyl) (m-trifluoromethylphenoxy) acetate] was
      studied in dogs in both short- and long-term experiments. Our data suggest that
      halofenate potentiates the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by increasing the
      degradation of prothrombin (factor II) (Kdeg on placebo = 211 +/- 32 X 10(-4) X
      Hr-1 mean +/- SEM; on halofenate = 268 +/- 39 X 10(-4) X Hr-1 mean +/- SEM; P
      less than 0.01). However, a concomitant increase in factor II synthesis of 34%
      results in resistance to warfarin's effect if halofenate is administered prior to
      warfarin. The mean prothrombin time of 4 dogs on 2 mg of warfarin following
      halofenate pretreatment for 8 weeks was 74.8% +/- 17.3 (SE) of the anticoagulated
      control dog. On 2 mg of warfarin alone, it was 133.7% +/- 42.0 (P less than
      0.001). Cessation of halofenate from combined therapy resulted in a delayed
      augmentation of warfarin effect. These data suggest that the nature of the
      interaction between warfarin and drugs such as halofenate which alter the
      kinetics of prothrombin may depend on the sequence of administration.

PMID- 1198408
TI  - Serial changes in the coagulation system following clotting factor concentrate
      infusion.
AB  - Various parameters of the coagulation system have been monitored in patients with
      Christmas disease following the infusion of clotting factor concentrates.
      Significant reduction of clotting factor VIII and serum antithrombin III were
      observed in each of the five studies, whilst the plasma fibrinogen level fell in
      four subjects. The induced abnormalities were shortlived and there were no
      clinical sequelae. Further studies are required to assess the effects of similar
      concentrates in patients with liver disease.

PMID- 1198409
TI  - Studies in experimental animals on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
AB  - Changes in the clotting system, as well as morphological and functional
      alterations corresponding to that of the pathologic phenomenon of disseminated
      intravascular coagulation (DIC) or consumption coagulopathy, were produced by
      thrombin infusion (550 NIH U X kg-1 X h-1) in rats and simultaneous inhibition of
      fibrinolysis by PAMBA (100 mg/kg). Changes in the fibrinogen level and platelet
      count as well as the appearances of fibrin monomers and the formation of
      microthrombi in several organs were evaluated. Simultaneously, the function of
      the respiratory system was investigated by continuous measurement of oxygen
      consumption as well as elasticity and water content of the lung. From the time
      course of the alterations in the several parameters, conclusions can be drawn for
      the pathogenesis and the possible therapeutic influence on DIC.

PMID- 1198410
TI  - Assessment of different mathematical models for calculating and expressing the
      results of coagulation test procedures.
AB  - Coagulation activity, expressed as percentage of normal and as clotting time
      ratio, was estimated in 220 specimens from patients on long-term anticoagulant
      treatment by 3 different coagulation test procedures, i.e. Thrombotest,
      Simplastin-A and Normotest. The estimates were calculated from the same
      determinations. The distribution of percentage values showed a fairly pronounced
      deviation from normality. After logarithmic transformation, the distribution was
      normalized, the regression lines between Thrombotest and other tests became
      parallel, and that between PIVKA-insensitive systems was shifted to a 45 degree
      line. Logarithmic transformation also stabilized the residual variance. These
      features make percentage values accessible for treatment according to the
      standard methods of bioassay statistics. Attempts to normalize the distribution
      of ratio values by various transformations were unsuccessful. Formal analysis of
      data revealed a variation in the proportionality of ratio values with the level
      of estimated coagulation defect. This may restrict the usefulness of the ratio
      approach. Logarithmic transformation partly reduced the discrepancy.

PMID- 1198411
TI  - The filtragometer: a new device for measuring platelet aggregation in venous
      blood of man.
AB  - A new device for the direct assessment of spontaneous platelet aggregation in
      human venous blood is described: the Filtragometer. The principle of the method
      is based on measurement of the pressure difference across a filter with pores of
      20 mum diameter through which blood from a forearm vein is drawn. Platelet
      aggregates, obstructing the filter, cause a change in the pressure difference
      which is proportional to the degree of platelet aggregation. The measurement
      takes only a short time and a small amount (5-10 ml) of blood. Platelet
      aggregation as measured with the Filtragometer depends on the type of
      anticoagulant used. The Filtragometer response decreases on inhibition of
      platelet stickiness in vitro by prostaglandin E1 and in vivo by aspirin
      ingestion. Moreover it appeared to be higher in a group with a high thrombosis
      tendency than in a group less susceptible to fatal arterial thrombosis. The
      Filtragometer seems especially useful in monitoring the results of diet and/or
      drug therapy.

PMID- 1198412
TI  - Letter: Accelerated hemostasis in chloroquine-treated rats.

PMID- 1198413
TI  - Thrombosis and Haemostasis Vth Congress. Abstracts. July 21-26, 1975, Paris,
      France.

PMID- 1198414
TI  - Proceedings: Characterisitics of platelet protransglutaminase (factor XIII)
      binding activity in human plasma.

PMID- 1198415
TI  - Proceedings: Heparin neutralizing effect of lipoproteins.

PMID- 1198416
TI  - Proceedings: Interactions of factor XIII subunits as studied by affinity
      chromatography.

PMID- 1198417
TI  - Proceedings: Amine inhibition of fibrin cross-linking.

PMID- 1198418
TI  - Proceedings: Differences in crosslinking reactivity of fibrin molecules formed
      during differential release of fibrinopeptides A and B.

PMID- 1198419
TI  - Proceedings: Action of factor XIII on transamidation bounds between the collagen
      molecule constitutents.

PMID- 1198420
TI  - Proceedings: Factor XIII, fibrin and collagen.

PMID- 1198421
TI  - Proceedings: Clinical thrombosis. A subunit study of the fibrin.

PMID- 1198422
TI  - Proceedings: Comparative effects of platelet suppressant drugs on platelet
      survival time.

PMID- 1198423
TI  - Proceedings: Comparison of in vivo and in vitro effects of platelet function
      suppressing drugs.

PMID- 1198424
TI  - Proceedings: Binding of (14C) dipyradamole (RA 8) to platelets and inhibition of
      ADP induced platelet aggregation.

PMID- 1198425
TI  - Proceedings: alpha, omega-diadenosine polyphosphates, a new class of substances,
      and ADP-methylester inhibit platelet aggregation and the release reaction.

PMID- 1198426
TI  - Proceedings: Blood platelets and decompression accidents in the rat. Therapeutic
      trials.

PMID- 1198427
TI  - Proceedings: The antithrombotic effect of acetylsalicylic acid, heparin and
      phenprocoumon in experimental thrombosis.

PMID- 1198428
TI  - Proceedings: Physicochemical studies on artificial surface/protein/platelet
      interactions.

PMID- 1198429
TI  - Proceedings: Observations on monomolecular layers of fibrinogen at solid-liquid
      interphases.

PMID- 1198430
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction of platelets with model surfaces III: platelet reaction
      with synthetic polymers.

PMID- 1198432
TI  - Proceedings: Kinetics of platelet adhesion to artificial surface in vitro.

PMID- 1198431
TI  - Proceedings: Decreased platelet adhesion as a characteristic of non-thrombogenic
      heparinized polymer surfaces.

PMID- 1198433
TI  - Proceedings: Tissue antithrombogenic inducing factor: experimental evidence and
      practical application in the construction of cardiac valves and the artificial
      heart.

PMID- 1198434
TI  - Proceedings: Fibrin-blood platelet interaction in a contracting clot.

PMID- 1198436
TI  - Proceedings: Prothrombin binding to phospholipid vesicle surfaces and
      phospholipid acceleration of prothrombin activation.

PMID- 1198435
TI  - Proceedings: The isolation of prothrombin fragments from plasma clotted with
      Russell viper venom (RVV).

PMID- 1198437
TI  - Proceedings: In vitro prothrombin synthesis--the vitamin K-dependent
      carboxylation of a prothrombin precursor.

PMID- 1198438
TI  - Proceedings: Prothrombin activation.

PMID- 1198439
TI  - Proceedings: Complete primary structure of prothrombin. Partial primary
      structures of plasminogen and hirudin.

PMID- 1198440
TI  - Proceedings: A screening method for deep venous thrombosis.

PMID- 1198441
TI  - Proceedings: Venous thrombo-embolism in childhood.

PMID- 1198442
TI  - Proceedings: The value of doppler ultrasound in patients with a clinical
      diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.

PMID- 1198443
TI  - Proceedings: Silent venous thrombosis revealed by impedance and 125I-fibrinogen.

PMID- 1198444
TI  - Proceedings: New techniques of phlebography.

PMID- 1198445
TI  - Proceedings: Serum F.D.P. measurement as a screening test for thrombo-embolic
      disease.

PMID- 1198446
TI  - Proceedings: The relationship between 125I-fibrinogen detected thrombosis and
      pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1198447
TI  - Proceedings: Platelet survival, fibrinolytic activity, antithrombin II (AT III)
      level and fibrinogen survival in venous thromboembolism (VTE).

PMID- 1198448
TI  - Proceedings: Venous, arterial and endocardic multiple thrombosis with consumption
      coagulapathy and cryofibrinogen due to ovarian carcinoma: temporary improvement
      with heparin.

PMID- 1198449
TI  - Proceedings: Morphologic platelet changes in vitro and their effect on platelet
      aggregation tests.

PMID- 1198450
TI  - Proceedings: Ultrastructural changes in human platelet during fatty acid salt
      aggregation.

PMID- 1198451
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of aggregating agents, cytochalasin B (CB) and neuraminidase
      (N) on the ultrastructure of freeze dried (FD) human blood platelets.

PMID- 1198452
TI  - Proceedings: Electron microscope analysis of the surface charge of human
      platelets; stored and aggregated by polymeric bases.

PMID- 1198453
TI  - Proceedings: Thrombolytic therapy of deep venous thromboses with urokinase.

PMID- 1198454
TI  - Proceedings: Fibrinolytic therapy in central retinal vein occlusion.

PMID- 1198455
TI  - Proceedings: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and toxaemia of
      pregnancy in Kuwait.

PMID- 1198456
TI  - Proceedings: A new case of dysfibrinogenemia, fibrinogen Marburg.

PMID- 1198457
TI  - Proceedings: A new congenital dysfibrinogenemia with hemorrhagic diathesis
      (fibrinogen Montreal II).

PMID- 1198458
TI  - Proceedings: A new fibrinogen anomaly: fibrinogen Buenos Aires.

PMID- 1198459
TI  - Proceedings: An abnormal fibrinogen in a Venezuelan family.

PMID- 1198460
TI  - Proceedings: Role of trisodium citrate in the unclottability by thrombin of
      fibrinogen Metz.

PMID- 1198461
TI  - Proceedings: Electron microscopic studies of the molecular shape of fibrinogen
      molecule.

PMID- 1198462
TI  - Proceedings: Electron microscopic studies of fibrinogen degradation products.

PMID- 1198463
TI  - Proceedings: Molecular shape of fibrinogen in solution.

PMID- 1198464
TI  - Proceedings: Thrombin and reptilase induced fibrin structures in the presence of
      dextran: a quantitative electron microscope study.

PMID- 1198465
TI  - Proceedings: Critical analysis of platelet factor 4 (antiheparin activity)
      assays.

PMID- 1198466
TI  - Proceedings: Structural studies of fibrinogen by ultrasound irradiation.

PMID- 1198467
TI  - Proceedings: Sugar-amine interactions in the blood clotting system and their
      effects on haemostasis.

PMID- 1198468
TI  - Proceedings: Experimental modification of the platelet release reaction induced
      by collagen.

PMID- 1198469
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of human platelet aggregation by the proteolytic effect
      of streptokinase (SK). Role of the factor VIII related antigen.

PMID- 1198470
TI  - Proceedings: Comparative investigations on time dependent changes of enhanced
      aggregation.

PMID- 1198471
TI  - Proceedings: Platelet membrane alterations following collagen stimulation.

PMID- 1198472
TI  - Proceedings: Release of platelet factor 4 (PF 4) during repeatedly induced
      platelet aggregation in vivo.

PMID- 1198473
TI  - Proceedings: Duration of the inhibition effect of acetylsalicylic acid on human
      platelet function.

PMID- 1198474
TI  - Proceedings: On the action of intravenously applied acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on
      platelet functions, a kinetic study.

PMID- 1198475
TI  - Proceedings: An antigenicity of the platelet-clumping substance.

PMID- 1198476
TI  - Proceedings: Comparison of the effects of some anorectic drugs on platelet and
      brain 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5HT) in rats.

PMID- 1198477
TI  - Proceedings: Anticoagulation during six hours of extracorporeal perfusion.
      Comparison between heparinization and defibrinogenation.

PMID- 1198478
TI  - Proceedings: Thrombinaemia and haematological changes induced in dogs by
      artificial kidney.

PMID- 1198480
TI  - Proceedings: The photometric aggregation test (PAT III). A screening test for
      enhanced platelet aggregation.

PMID- 1198479
TI  - Proceedings: Leucocytes and platelets in isolated lung perfusion.

PMID- 1198481
TI  - Proceedings: Platelet aggregation in whole blood.

PMID- 1198482
TI  - Proceedings: Automated monitoring of platelet aggregation in multiple samples of
      whole blood.

PMID- 1198483
TI  - Proceedings: Diagnostic information by haemorrhagometry.

PMID- 1198484
TI  - Proceedings: Light scattering and platelet aggregation.

PMID- 1198485
TI  - Proceedings: Formation and destruction of platelet aggregates in viscometric
      flow.

PMID- 1198486
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction of fibrinogen and factor VIII with human platelets.

PMID- 1198487
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) by
      Haemaccel and fibrinogen.

PMID- 1198488
TI  - Proceedings: Determination of fibrinmonomer (FM) from plasma by affinity
      chromatography on insolubilized fibrinogen (FG-ag).

PMID- 1198489
TI  - Proceedings: Lysis of crosslinked and non-crosslinked purified fibrin.

PMID- 1198490
TI  - Proceedings: Estimation and characterization of soluble fibrin monomer complexes
      (SFMC) during endotoxin induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

PMID- 1198491
TI  - Proceedings: Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in amniotic fluid.

PMID- 1198492
TI  - Proceedings: Artificial surfaces--their importance with respect to generation of
      microparticles in stored blood.

PMID- 1198493
TI  - Proceedings: Kinetics of 51Cr-labeled thrombocytes during cardiopulmonary bypass
      circulation.

PMID- 1198494
TI  - Proceedings: Reduction of platelet survival: development of a thrombosis model.

PMID- 1198495
TI  - Proceedings: Coagulation and fibrinolytic changes in aortic graft operations.

PMID- 1198497
TI  - Proceedings: Thrombogenicity of human factor IX concentrates. In vitro studies.

PMID- 1198496
TI  - Proceedings: Haemostatic changes induced in vitro by activated charcoal
      haemoperfusion.

PMID- 1198498
TI  - Proceedings: Factor IX concentrates and thrombosis: amplification of thrombotic
      potential by interaction between material infused and the host.

PMID- 1198499
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of thrombotic side effects of II, VII, IX and X
      concentrates.

PMID- 1198500
TI  - Proceedings: Prothrombin-complex concentrates, thromboses, and factor VIII
      inhibitors: evidence for a coagulant formed by the interaction of factors X and
      II.

PMID- 1198501
TI  - Proceedings: Improvement of the preparation of factor VIII concentrates.

PMID- 1198502
TI  - Proceedings: Improved factor VIII yield in cryoprecipitate using a quick thaw
      technique.

PMID- 1198503
TI  - Proceedings: Human prothrombin activation products.

PMID- 1198504
TI  - Proceedings: Purification and characterization of activation fragments F1 and F2
      from human prothrombin.

PMID- 1198505
TI  - Proceedings: Determination of factor Xa activity by means of chromogenic
      substrates based on the primary structure of prothrombin.

PMID- 1198506
TI  - Proceedings: The relation between staphylocoagulase reacting factor and proteins
      induced by vitamin K absence.

PMID- 1198507
TI  - Proceedings: Receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine on rat blood platelets.

PMID- 1198508
TI  - Proceedings: The role of membrane receptors in pathways of human platelet
      activation by endotoxin and other microbial products.

PMID- 1198509
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of phospholipase C on human platelets.

PMID- 1198510
TI  - Proceedings: Platelet phospholipid synthesis during thrombin-induced platelet
      aggregation.

PMID- 1198511
TI  - Proceedings: The uptake of adenine by isolated human platelet membranes.

PMID- 1198513
TI  - Proceedings: The phlebo-dynastat: a new and effective method of prophylaxis for
      deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1198512
TI  - Proceedings: Repeated phlebographies for follow-up of deep vein thrombi.

PMID- 1198514
TI  - Proceedings: Postoperative deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1198515
TI  - Proceedings: A randomized comparative study on early prophylactic treatment of
      thrombosis using heparin and high-molecular dextran following injuries of the
      lower-leg.

PMID- 1198516
TI  - Proceedings: Efficacy and monitoring of heparin therapy in experimental venous
      thrombosis.

PMID- 1198517
TI  - Proceedings: Heparin kinetics in venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1198518
TI  - Proceedings: Rabbit subendothelium--human platelet interaction, a new tool for
      pathogenesis of long bleeding time.

PMID- 1198519
TI  - Proceedings: The role of heparin on the inhibition of platelet adhesion to
      damaged arterial endothelial surface.

PMID- 1198520
TI  - Proceedings: Delayed adhesion to subendothelium and defective aggregation of
      platelets from rats with storage pool disease (SPD).

PMID- 1198521
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of contraceptive hormonal steroids on the cardiovascular
      system of dogs: scanning electron microscopic studies of arteries and veins.

PMID- 1198522
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on platelet factor 4 like activity in atherosclerosis
      susceptible and resistant pigeons.

PMID- 1198523
TI  - Proceedings: Coagulation studies in C4-deficient guinea pigs.

PMID- 1198524
TI  - Proceedings: The arterial wall after pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1198525
TI  - Proceedings: The role of membrane bound complement in the aggregation of
      mammalian platelets by collagen.

PMID- 1198526
TI  - Proceedings: Products of platelet aggregation and release as a chemotactic factor
      for human leucocytes.

PMID- 1198527
TI  - Proceedings: The role of platelets and leukocytes in endotoxin-induced
      disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

PMID- 1198528
TI  - Proceedings: Activation of endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation in
      congenitally C6-deificient rabbits.

PMID- 1198529
TI  - Proceedings: Subunit structure of human factor VIII.

PMID- 1198530
TI  - Proceedings: Multiple molecular forms of factor VIII.

PMID- 1198531
TI  - Proceedings: Disappearance of canine small active factor VIII fragment following
      transfusion in hemophilic dogs.

PMID- 1198532
TI  - Proceedings: Endothelial and smooth muscle cells as antagonists in vascular
      fibrinolysis.

PMID- 1198533
TI  - Proceedings: The plasminogen activator content of the arterial wall in different
      arteries.

PMID- 1198534
TI  - Proceedings: The histochemical assay of plasminogen activator in the venous wall-
      an inter-ethnic study.

PMID- 1198535
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of ethyloestrenol on fibrinolysis in the vessel wall.

PMID- 1198536
TI  - Proceedings: Purification of tissue activator using affinity adsorption on fibrin
      and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Effect of fibrin on the enzymatic
      properties of the activator.

PMID- 1198537
TI  - Proceedings: Comparative investigations on factor VIII assays.

PMID- 1198538
TI  - Proceedings: C1-inactivator as a determining factor in contact activation of
      fibrinolysis.

PMID- 1198539
TI  - Proceedings: Prognostic value of factor VIII in glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1198540
TI  - Proceedings: Automated techniques for estimating factor VIII levels in
      concentrate preparations.

PMID- 1198541
TI  - Proceedings: Detection of carriers of hemophilia by hemorrhagometry.

PMID- 1198542
TI  - Proceedings: The factor VIII response to synthetic vasopressin analogues in man.

PMID- 1198543
TI  - Proceedings: A more uniform measurement of factor VIII inhibitors.

PMID- 1198544
TI  - Effect of phentolamine on platelet aggregation in patients with pheochromocytoma.

PMID- 1198545
TI  - Simultaneous determination of plasma prothrombin and antithrombin III (heparin
      cofactor).

PMID- 1198546
TI  - Studies of fibrinolytic and coagulation factors during open heart surgery. II.
      Postoperative bleeding tendency and changes in the coagulation system.

PMID- 1198547
TI  - Studies of the structure of canine fibrinogen.

PMID- 1198548
TI  - The effect of ecarin- defibrinating enzyme isolated from Echis carinatus - on
      experimental arterial thrombosis.

PMID- 1198549
TI  - Surface charge properties of the luminal front of blood vessel walls: an electron
      microscopical analysis.

PMID- 1198550
TI  - Antibodies to arvin following prolonged intravenous therapy.

PMID- 1198551
TI  - An evaluation of the effect of flurbiprofen (2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl) propionic
      acid) on platelet behaviour.

PMID- 1198552
TI  - Letter to the editors-in-chief: Absence of a requirement for extracellular
      calcium for secretion from platelets.

PMID- 1198553
TI  - The interaction of platelets and concanavalin A.

PMID- 1198554
TI  - Isolation of fibrinogen from plasma by affinity chromatography on insolubilized
      fibrinogen (FG-ag) and insolubilized fibrinmonomer (FM-ag).

PMID- 1198555
TI  - Prothrombin's calcium ion binding site. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance
      studies.

PMID- 1198556
TI  - Inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by either epinephrine or arachidonic
      acid.

PMID- 1198557
TI  - Investigations on the preservation of human platelets. II. The influence of
      hypotonic and hypertonic solutions on metabolism, functions, and ultrastructure
      of platelets.

PMID- 1198558
TI  - Molecular weight of human factor VIII procoagulant activity.

PMID- 1198559
TI  - Failure of collagen to activate factor XII.

PMID- 1198560
TI  - [Hemorrhagic shock].

PMID- 1198561
TI  - [Planning and organization of psychiatric care].

PMID- 1198562
TI  - [Young people with drug addiction problems in a psychiatric hospital. Further
      experiences from a treatment program for young drug addicts at Neevengarden
      Hospital].

PMID- 1198563
TI  - [Symptoms as a sign of difficulties in personal relations].

PMID- 1198564
TI  - [Intrauterine contraception and carcinoma in situ].

PMID- 1198565
TI  - [Urinary oestrogens, human chorion-somatomammotropin (HCS) and heat stable
      alkaline phosphatase (HSAP) in blood in preeclampsia].

PMID- 1198566
TI  - [Cytostatic drug combinations in the treatment of metastatic cancer of the
      breast].

PMID- 1198567
TI  - [Percutaneous muscle biopsy with the chonchotome. A new and cautious technic].

PMID- 1198568
TI  - [The recording of diagnosis in general practice].

PMID- 1198569
TI  - [Myalgia in private practice. Value of the SR rate as an aid in differential
      diagnosis].

PMID- 1198570
TI  - [Editorial: Are we using too potent steroids in the local treatment of skin
      diseases].

PMID- 1198571
TI  - [Letter: Breast feeding in maternity hospitals].

PMID- 1198572
TI  - An investigation of the parameters which determine the fertility of a cattle
      population and of some factors which influence these parameters.
AB  - The investigation consisted of the analysis of the records of four A.I. centers,
      Apart from a calculation of the average value of the parameters which determine
      the fertility of a cattle population (the calving rate, the number of
      inseminations per conception, and the interval from parturition to conception),
      the investigation covered also the influence on these parameters of respectively,
      the age of the inseminated cow, the month in which insemination took place, the
      interval from parturition to first insemination, the course of parturition, the
      retention or non-retention of the placenta, and the size of the herd.

PMID- 1198573
TI  - Plasma concentrations, plasma protein binding and residues of sulfamonomethoxine
      in pigs, horses and cattle.
AB  - The protein binding, the plasma half-life and the residue depletion of
      sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) after intramuscular administration were investigated in
      pigs, horses and cattle. Protein binding was weakly concentration-dependent. The
      bound fraction in plasma in the therapeutic range amounted to approximately 45,
      40 and 50% for pigs, horses and cattle respectively, and the plasma half-lives
      were approximately 5.1, 5.7 and 3.1 hours respectively. SMM levels were less than
      1 mug/g in muscle tissue after 36, 20 and 12 hours in pigs, horses and cattle
      respectively. In the kidney SMM levels were not less than 1 mug/g until 48, 60
      (extrapolated) and 36 (extrapolated) hours respectively. In pigs and horses SMM
      residues in the injection site were extremely variable. In cattle, SMM
      disappearance from the injection site was more regular. SMM concentrations in
      pig, horse and cattle liver remained more or less constant in the latter part of
      the period investigated.

PMID- 1198574
TI  - [Estimation of the concentration of urea in the blood of horses, cattle, goats
      and dogs using the "Merckognost Harnstoff" method compared with an enzymatic,
      photometric method (author's transl)].
AB  - To examine the suitability and reliability in field use of the "Merckognost
      Harnstoff" method in estimating the concentration of urea in the blood of horses,
      cattle, goats and dogs, the levels determined by this procedure were compared
      with those determined by an enzymatic (urease) photometric method widely used in
      laboratories. It was concluded from the results obtained that estimation using
      the "Merckognost Harnstoff" is sufficiently reliable for the rapid assay of urea
      in the blood under field conditions.

PMID- 1198575
TI  - [Committee on anthelmintics. Residual group].
AB  - A number of the older and a few recent anthelmintics are enumerated or briefly
      discussed. Moreover some attention is paid to anthelmintics, used for nematodes
      and trematodes which have a limited effect on cestodes.

PMID- 1198576
TI  - [Letter: Chloramphenicol or tetracycline as antibiotics in selective media for
      studies on fungi (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198577
TI  - [Comparative studies on the effectiveness of intramammary treatment of clinical
      mastitis cattle (author's transl)].
AB  - To study the effectiveness of intramammary treatment of clinical mastitis in
      cattle, three different suspensions containing antibiotics for intramammary
      injection were compared in a field trial in the provinces of Friesland and North
      Brabant. Milk samples from the clinically abnormal as well as from the clinically
      normal quarters were examined for pathogenic bacteria and cell counts were made
      prior to treatment, within one week after treatment and within three weeks after
      treatment. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by laboratory studies in
      approximately 90 per cent of the cases in which quarters were abnormal. However,
      50 per cent of the clinically normal quarters also showed increased cell counts
      and/or bacterial infection. Treatment of these quarters should therefore be
      considered. Apart from regional variations as regards the character of the
      mastitis and the results of treatment, there were no significant differences
      between the effects of the three suspensions. Clinical recovery occurred in
      approximately 90 per cent of the cases, the pathogenic bacteria disappeared in
      approximately 75 per cent of the cases and the increased cell counts were
      restored to normal in approximately 60 per cent of the abnormal quarters.

PMID- 1198578
TI  - [Diaphragm myopathia in M. R. IJ. cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198579
TI  - [Parasites of domestic and laboratory Animals in the Netherlands. Supplement 2
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198580
TI  - [Committee on anthelmintics. Review of cestodes].

PMID- 1198581
TI  - HL-A transplantation antigens in subjects susceptible to recrudescent herpes
      labialis.
AB  - We have shown in retrospective and prospective studies that there is an increased
      frequency of HL-A1 in subjects with recrudescent circum-oral herpes when compared
      with the frequency in the background population. This is the first association of
      a human disease of known viral aetiology with a specific transplantation antigen,
      and it is possible that this may represent a marker for an immune response gene.

PMID- 1198582
TI  - HL-A27 in female patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 1198583
TI  - A crossover in the HL-A system traced through three generations.

PMID- 1198584
TI  - Recombination between the second and third series of the HL-A system.

PMID- 1198585
TI  - [Electrocardiography. Principles of electrocardiography (1)].

PMID- 1198586
TI  - [Biologic availability of drugs].

PMID- 1198587
TI  - [Diagnosis of intraabdominal hemorrhage in the unconscious patient].

PMID- 1198588
TI  - [Injuries of dairy cattle due to modern stable systems].

PMID- 1198589
TI  - [Nitrate-nitrite poisoning in cattle. Causes, clinical symptoms and therapy
      suggestions].

PMID- 1198590
TI  - [Residues in hog carcasses following therapeutic administration of
      chloramphenicol].

PMID- 1198591
TI  - [Special examination of the hoof].

PMID- 1198592
TI  - [Liver diseases in the dog (3). A review from the clinical viewpoint].

PMID- 1198593
TI  - [Hereditary diseases and the central nervous system in the dog].

PMID- 1198594
TI  - [Important changes and additions to the German Meat Inspection Law].

PMID- 1198595
TI  - [Motility measurements on trouts using induced voltage in reference to continuous
      water control].

PMID- 1198596
TI  - [Blood parasites in commercial fish and their transmission].

PMID- 1198597
TI  - [Electrocardiography. Principles of electrocardiography (2)].

PMID- 1198598
TI  - [Biocides and environmental chemicals in milk (1)].

PMID- 1198599
TI  - [Stomach ulcers in swine].

PMID- 1198600
TI  - [Diagnostic evaluation of various blood values in the horse].

PMID- 1198601
TI  - [Hoof abscess, hoof injuries. Therapy and prognosis].

PMID- 1198602
TI  - [Acute diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs].

PMID- 1198603
TI  - [Bone-marrow damage due to estrogen in dogs with testicular neoplasms].

PMID- 1198604
TI  - [Diagnosis of hip dysplasia with special reference to measurements by Piehler].

PMID- 1198605
TI  - [Supplement to the contribution of K. H. Unger: Spinal malformations in pikes
      (Esox lucius L.)].

PMID- 1198606
TI  - [Diagnosis of liver disorders in cattle under office conditions].

PMID- 1198607
TI  - [Agfacontour color picture as a supplemental diagnostic measure in accident
      surgery].

PMID- 1198608
TI  - Species differences in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity: the role of
      CCl4 activation and of lipid peroxidation.

PMID- 1198609
TI  - Bromine tissue residue and hepatotoxic effects of octabromobiphenyl in rats.

PMID- 1198610
TI  - A possible protective role for reduced glutathione in aflatoxin B1 toxicity:
      effect of pretreatment of rats with phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene on
      aflatoxin toxicity.

PMID- 1198611
TI  - Cadmium and vascular reactivity in the rat.

PMID- 1198612
TI  - Biochemical aspects of the protective action of propyl gallate on liver injury in
      rats poisoned with carbon tetrachloride.

PMID- 1198613
TI  - Nephrotoxicity of paraquat in mice.

PMID- 1198614
TI  - Morphological and biochemical changes in the liver of various species in
      experimental phospholipidosis after diethylaminoethoxyhexestrol treatment.

PMID- 1198615
TI  - The effect of the riot control agent dibenz(b,f)-1,4-oxazepine (CR) in the rabbit
      eye.

PMID- 1198617
TI  - Disability among Metropolitan employees in 1974.

PMID- 1198618
TI  - Trends in cancer incidence.

PMID- 1198616
TI  - The effects of three vaporizable fire extinguishing agents on myocardial
      metabolism and cardiovascular dynamics in the anesthetized dog.

PMID- 1198619
TI  - Progress in Canadian longevity.

PMID- 1198620
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, estradiol-17beta and
      prostaglandin F in human corpus luteum.
AB  - Radioimmunoassay procedures have been adapted for the assay of progesterone, 17
      hydroxyprogesterone, estradiol-17beta, and prostaglandin F in human corpus
      luteum. The method utilises a single homogenisation and extraction of the tissue
      followed by fractionation of the steroids on alumina, and separation of the
      prostaglandins of the F series from the E and A series on silica gel, prior to
      radioimmunoassay. An attempt has been made to validate the method for the
      progestins by comparison with results after fractionation of the progestins on
      Sephadex LH-20, for estradiol-17beta by comparison with values obtained with
      competitive protein-binding, and for prostaglandin F by comparison with values
      after additional purification. The results showed that peak concentrations of the
      three steroids in corpora lutea from women during the luteal phase of the
      menstrual cycle were comparable to those found in corpora lutea from women in
      early pregnancy. However, in six out of fourteen corpora lutea from non-pregnant
      women, prostaglandin F levels were higher than those found in corpora lutea from
      seven women in early pregnancy, i.e. 13-46 ng/g compared with 1-7 ng/g. Of the
      above six corpora lutea, four were on days 23-25 of the cycle, at a time when
      luteolysis would be commencing. The results in this paper support the conclusion
      that the corpus luteum is a major site of synthesis of the three steroids
      examined, although the site of synthesis of prostaglandin F is still equivocal.

PMID- 1198621
TI  - The determination of five steroids in avian plasma by radioimmunoassay and
      competitive protein-binding.
AB  - A method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of testosterone,
      5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and corticosterone, or of estrone,  estradiol-17beta
      and corticosterone, after separation on a Celite:propylene glycol:ethylene glycol
      column (6:1.5:1.5 w/v/v). The lower quarter of the column was packed with a
      Celite: water mixture (3:1 w/v) as a stationary phase (glycol) 'trap'. This
      effectively prevented leaching of the glycols into the eluate as the
      concentration of ethyl acetate in the mobile phase was increased to elute the
      more polar steroids. In addition, a second system utilizing a Celite: ethylene
      glycol column (2:1 w/v) for the separation of estrone and estradiol-17beta is
      described. Testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, estrone and estradiol-17beta
      were measured by radioimmunoassay and corticosterone by a competitive protein
      binding technique. Reliability criteria are presented showing that the assay
      systems used are accurate and reproducible. Plasma-steroid levels of eight avian
      species are also presented and compared with those found by other investigators.

PMID- 1198622
TI  - Chemical synthesis, spectral properties, and chromatography of 4alpha-methyl and
      4beta-methyl isomers of (24R)-24-ethyl-5alpha-cholestan-3beta-ol and (24S)-24
      ethyl-cholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol.
AB  - Described  herein are chemical syntheses of the following compounds: 4-methyl
      (24S)-24-ethyl-cholesta-4,22-dien-3-one, 4,4-dimethyl-(24S)-24-ethyl-cholesta
      5,22-dien-3-one, 4beta-methyl-(24R)-24-ethyl-5alpha-cholestan-3beta-ol, 4alpha
      methyl-(24R)-24-ethyl-5alpha-cholestan-3beta-ol, 4alpha-methyl-(24S)-24-ethyl
      5alpha-cholest-22-en-3beta-ol, 4-methyl-6beta-bromo-(24S)-24-ethyl-cholesta-4,22
      dien-3-one, 4alpha-methyl-(24S)-24-ethyl-cholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol,
      4alpha,5alpha-epoxy-(24S)-24-ethyl-cholesta-4,22-dien-3beta-yl acetate, 4beta
      methyl-(24S)-24-ethyl-cholest-22-en-3beta,5alpha-diol, 4beta-methyl-5alpha
      hydroxy-(24S)-24-ethyl-cholest-22-en-3beta-yl acetate, 4beta-methyl-(24S)-24
      ethyl-cholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-yl acetate and 4beta-methyl-(24S)-24-ethyl
      cholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol. Chromatographic, nuclear magnetic resonance, and
      mass spectral data are presented for the compounds under consideration.

PMID- 1198623
TI  - An A-nor-3-thia-5beta-pregnane.

PMID- 1198624
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of serum medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) in women
      following oral and intravaginal administration.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for measuring medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA,
      Provera) in serum has been developed utilizing benzene:iso-octane extraction, 3H
      MPA to assess procedural losses, goat anti-MPA-3-(0-carboxymethyl) oxime-bovine
      serum albumin serum and dextran-coated charcoal separation. Control serum blanks
      were undetectable, 200 pg/ml of MPA was measurable with a high reliability, and
      intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 6 and 13 percent,
      respectively. MPA added to control serum was quantitatively recovered. Serum MPA
      levels measured in 2 women after ingestion of 10 mg MPA rose to 3.4 to 4.4 ng/ml
      within 1 to 4 hours after oral intake and fell rapidly thereafter to 0.3 to 0.6
      ng/ml within 24 hours. Insertion of Silastic intra-vaginal rings (IVRs),
      containing 100 or 200 mg of MPA, into 4 women for periods of 3 weeks resulted in
      a rapid rise of serum MPA after insertion, rather stable MPA levels of 0.9 to 1.6
      ng/ml while the IVRs were in place, and a rapid decline of serum MPA following
      IVR removal. Serum estradiol-17beta and progesterone concentrations, measured
      about 3 times a week in these patients, indicated that ovulation was consistently
      inhibited. The serum MPA levels observed in this study were approximately 5 times
      lower than those reported by other investigators using a double-antibody RIA of
      MPA in unextracted serum.

PMID- 1198625
TI  - The metabolism of the epoxide of testosterone by human placental microsomes.
AB  - Although 19-hydroxy-4beta,5-oxido-5beta-androstane-3,17 dione (2a) is converted
      to estradiol-17beta by human placental microsomes, the incubation of 17beta
      hydroxy-4beta,5-oxido-5beta-androstan-3-one (2b) under the same conditions
      produces only metabolites which are more polar than 17beta-estradiol. The
      metabolites have been isolated and identified as 3alpha-hydroxy-4beta,5-oxido
      5beta-androstan-17-one (4a), 4beta,5-oxido-5beta-androstane-3beta, 17beta-diol
      (5a) and 4beta,5-oxido-5beta-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (6a). These results
      indicate that functionalization at C-19 is a prerequisite for the biological
      aromatization of such androgen epoxides.

PMID- 1198626
TI  - Animal model of TIA: an experimental study with intracarotid ADP infusion in
      rabbits.
AB  - Adenosine diphosphate (8 mg per minute for five minutes) was infused into the
      carotid artery of 63 rabbits. The effects were twofold: systemic hypotension and
      platelet aggregation in the cerebral circulation. As a consequence of the last
      effect, platelet emboli were produced which occluded cerebral arteries in a
      number and size sufficient to cause cerebral ischemia. Areas of focal ischemia
      were observed through a cranial window, and documented with antipyrine
      autoradiography. Platelet thrombi were almost entirely transient, being
      fragmented and removed within a very short time of cessation of ADP infusion.
      Consequently, no permanent tissue damage ensued. This experimental model
      approaches the spontaneous transient ischemia attacks (TIAs) in man,
      demonstrating that these can be caused by pure platelet emboli. A high
      cholesterol diet administered for two months prior to ADP infusion did not
      enhance the effect of the procedure or make the platelet aggregation and the
      following ischemia longer in duration or more severe.

PMID- 1198627
TI  - Intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage. A cooperative study.
      Antifibrinolytic therapy in recent onset subarachnoid hemorrhage.
AB  - In this cooperative study among 13 institutions, 502 patients were treated with
      antifibrinolytic medication (epsilon-aminocaproic acid or tranexamic acid) within
      a 14-day period following rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. Mortality at the
      end of 14 days was 11.6%; proved rebleed rate was 12.7%. Patients with an
      internal carotid or anterior cerebral aneurysm had the highest mortality and
      rebleed rate. Most rebleeds occurred between the sixth and eleventh days
      following the initial bleed. Significantly higher mortality was reported among
      patients with cerebral vasospasm, yet rebleed rate was no different among those
      patients with or without vasospasm. The same pattern was observed among patients
      with a mean blood pressure value above and below 110 mm Hg. We conclude that
      antifibrinolytic therapy provides beneficial treatment to patients with recent
      onset subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) following rupture of an intracranial
      aneurysm.

PMID- 1198628
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid in cerebral hemorrhage and infarction.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities were correlated with pathological
      diagnoses in 61 patients with autopsy-verified intracerebral hemorrhage or
      cerebral infarction. Lumbar punctures were performed within one week of onset of
      symptoms. The CSF color and red blood cell counts were the most useful CSF
      parameters in differentiating between intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral
      infarction. In 75% of the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, the CSF was
      either grossly bloody or xanthochromic; in 25%, the CSF was clear. In patients
      with cerebral infarction, the CSF was never grossly bloody; in two patients with
      hemorrhagic infarction, the CSF was xanthochromic. The CSF pressure, protein
      values and leukocyte counts were less useful in differentiating intracerebral
      hemorrhage from cerebral infarction. Cases with hemorrhagic infarction could not
      be separated from those with ischemic infarction on the basis of CSF analysis. In
      clear CSF, the polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (PNL) counts were never
      greater than 20 per cubic millimeter. In xanthochromic or cloudy CSF, leukocyte
      counts, especially PNLs, were frequently elevated, occasionally to the high
      levels.

PMID- 1198629
TI  - Kinks, coils, and carotids: a review.
AB  - Kinking and coiling of the internal carotid artery (ICA) sometimes may result in
      symptomatic cerebrovascular disease, but indisputable evidence linking the two
      conditions is lacking. However, there is enough evidence to warrant careful
      consideration of surgical correction in patients who have features of the carotid
      artery syndrome and kinking of the ICA as shown on angiography. Kinking or
      buckling of the artery is due to atherosclerosis and is to be distinguished from
      coiling, which is ascribed to embryological causes. Definite recommendations
      regarding the advisability of surgery for infants who are discovered to have
      coils cannot be made, but coiling is generally asymptomatic. Adults with kinks in
      their carotid arteries who have recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
      benefit most from surgical correction, particularly if symptoms are aggravated on
      head rotation, which may cause the kink to obstruct.

PMID- 1198630
TI  - Determinants of response of pial arteries to norepinephrine and sympathetic nerve
      stimulation.
AB  - Feline pial arteries larger than 100 mu in diameter constricted in response to
      cervical sympathetic nerve stimulation suggests or in response to topical
      application of norepinephrine. Smaller pial arteries were unresponsive to
      norepinephrine. This unresponsiveness persisted when norepinephrine was dissolved
      in CSF with high calcium ion concentration, or in CSF with both high calcium ion
      and zero magnesium ion concentration, or when it was dissolved in the acid fluid
      used by Wahl et al. and applied by constant infusion or by intermittent
      application. Comparison of the responses of the larger pial vessels to
      norepinephrine and to sympathetic nerve stimulation that maximal activation of
      sympathetic nerves achieves a concentration of released norepinephrine equal to
      5.9 x 10(-6) M. The constriction of the larger pial vessels in response to
      sympathetic nerve stimulation could account for modest reductions in cerebral
      blood flow.

PMID- 1198631
TI  - The value of brain scanning in the management of strokes.
AB  - The usefulness of brain scanning in the diagnosis and management of strokes was
      evaluated in 313 serial cases. Of 38 patients with transient ischemic attacks
      (TIAs), only one had a positive test. The optimal time for scanning completed
      strokes was between seven and 14 days after onset. The pattern of uptake was
      characteristic of a vascular lesion in 76.8%. When uptake was indistinguishable
      from tumor, follow-up scans were useful. Patients with negative scans in the
      second week have a significantly better prognosis than the ones with a positive
      study. Cerebral angiography and brain scan correlated well in 56 patients who had
      both tests performed. The postmortem findings in 12 cases again emphasize the
      importance of the correct timing of the study, and the fact that a brain scan
      does not usually demonstrate lesions smaller than 2 cm in diameter. It is
      concluded that the brain scan represents a useful tool in the diagnosis of
      strokes and helps in predicting the degree of recovery following a vascular
      insult.

PMID- 1198632
TI  - Comparative study of cerebral vasoactivity in vascular sclerosis of the brain in
      elderly men.
AB  - Thirty-five elderly patients underwent a systematic series of cerebrovascular
      examinations. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis of
      clinical criteria: normal patients (Group 1), patients with sequelae of a
      previous stroke or with minor mental disorders (Group 2), and patients with
      arteriosclerosis dementia (Group 3). The vasomotor reactions of the cerebral
      arteries were investigated by estimating regional cerebral blood flow (133Xe
      clearance technique). The authors emphasize the existence of cerebral
      vasoreactivity in subjects with clinical symptoms of senile dementia.
      Furthermore, in each of the three groups of elderly patients, there seemed to be
      a lack of correlation between the clinical symptoms and certain specific vascular
      examinations.

PMID- 1198633
TI  - Energy metabolism during brain ischemia. Stability during reversible and
      irreversible damage.
AB  - The permissible duration of brain ischemia without sustaining damage is short.
      Less clear are the mechanisms accounting for the vulnerability of brain to
      ischemic insults. Neurochemical factors implicated include impairment of energy
      synthesis by mitochondria and of energy-dependent processes such as synaptic
      transmission, ATPase activity, membrane conductance and altered protein and lipid
      synthesis. To clarify the vulnerability of energy metabolism, we investigated
      energy availability and synthesis in our model of global cerebral ischemia. Our
      studies evaluated in vitro mitochondrial ATP synthesis and the in vivo
      quantitation of the cortical adenylate pool. Results of our investigations
      support a growing body of evidence showing the energy state to be relatively
      stable to ischemia. We conclude that an energy-dependent process of brain is
      primarily vulnerable to ischemia.

PMID- 1198634
TI  - Trace metal content of cerebral vessels in American Blacks, Caucasians and
      Nigerian Africans.
AB  - Trace metal contents of cerebral vessels in age-matched and sex-matched subjects
      from three population groups were estimated. The trace metals included calcium,
      manganese, zinc, magnesium, copper and iron. The American blacks in Washington,
      D.C., who are ethnologically related to Nigerian Africans, have different
      patterns of trace metal contents in their cerebral vessels and the observed
      levels also differed in some respects from Minnesota Caucasians living in a
      similar environment. The greatest amounts of calcium, zinc, and copper were found
      in the vessels of American blacks while the greatest amount of magnesium was
      found in vessels of Minnesota Caucasians. There was no statistically significant
      difference in the manganese content of the cerebral vessels in three population
      groups. Nigerian Africans had the least amounts of copper and magnesium but had
      the highest iron content. A similar high level of iron was observed in the
      vessels of American blacks. Since it has been shown that American blacks have the
      most extensive and severe degree of atherosclerosis among the three population
      groups, it would appear that iron, calcium and manganese in the cerebral vessels
      may not directly relate to the severity of cerebral atherosclerosis. Relatively
      high levels of copper and magnesium, which were observed in the cerebral vessels
      of American blacks and Caucasians, may be of significance in the pathogenesis of
      cerebral atherosclerosis. The low levels of the trace metals in Nigerians may be
      protective. The possible role of zinc requires further studies.

PMID- 1198635
TI  - The Behr pupil revisited. Anisocoria following cerebrovascular accidents.
AB  - Three hundred and sixty-three cases of cerebral infarction were reviewed: 19 had
      anisocoria. Eighty percent had the larger pupil contralateral to the hemispheric
      lesion. The mydriasis was associated with long tract signs in all instances. If
      the abnormal pupil and long tract signs are not on the same side, the long tract
      signs are the most accurate evidence of the side of thhe hemispheric lesions.
      When the pupil was 4 mm or larger and reacted sluggishly, the prognosis was poor.
      The mechanism of the production of the anisocoria is still uncertain; the lesion
      is probably "cortical" and in the contralateral hemisphere.

PMID- 1198636
TI  - Brain scan in cerebral ischemia. An experimental model in the rat.
AB  - A rapid embolic method for consistent induction of stroke in the rat is
      described. Brain scans were performed using a micro-pinhole collimator system,
      and the value of the model for studies in localization of radiopharmaceuticals in
      cerebral ischemia is demonstrated.

PMID- 1198637
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid and arterial lactate, pyruvate and acid-base balance in
      patients with intracranial hemorrhages.
AB  - Lactate and pyruvate concentrations and acid-base balance in cerebrospinal fluid
      (CSF) and arterial blood were determined in patients with intracranial
      hemorrhages (28 subarachnoid hemorrhages and 15 intracerebral hemorrhages). A
      greater increase in CSF lactate and lactate-pyruvate ratio (L/P ratio) was
      observed in patients with impairment of consciousness, focal neurological
      deficits, poor prognosis, or CSF pressures higher than 300 mm H2O. A combination
      of CSF lactate greater than 2.5 mM per liter, L/P ration above 20, bicarbonate
      less than 20.4 mEq per liter, pH below 7.276, or arterial PCO2 below 31.5 mm Hg
      seems to indicate poor prognosis from intracranial hemorrhage. The mechanism of
      hyperventilation in acute cerebrovascular diseases and of CSF pH regulation in
      acid-base disturbances was also discussed.

PMID- 1198638
TI  - Some studies of the dosimetry and safety of radiopharmaceuticals.

PMID- 1198639
TI  - [Technetium citrate, new radiopharmaceutical for tumor diagnosis].

PMID- 1198640
TI  - Liver scanning using 67Ga-citrate.

PMID- 1198641
TI  - [Determination of specific liver blood flow by inhalation of radioactive noble
      gas in patients with different degrees of fatty degeneration of the liver].

PMID- 1198642
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of radioiodine-labeled organic mercury compounds].

PMID- 1198643
TI  - [Penicillamine-indium: scintigraphic agent for kidney exploration].

PMID- 1198644
TI  - [99mTc-DTPA(Sn): biological and clinical studies on the distribution, kinetics
      and in vivo stability of a new clearance agent].

PMID- 1198645
TI  - The measurement of individual renal function: a comparison of a gamma-camera
      computer-light-pen-system with background subtraction renography.

PMID- 1198646
TI  - [Determination of radioactive impurities in 99mTc-eluates and their contribution
      to total dosage].

PMID- 1198647
TI  - [Significance of organ depth in compartmental quantitative kidney studies].

PMID- 1198648
TI  - [Distribution of renal transit times].

PMID- 1198649
TI  - Measurement of albumin extravascular transfer rate and distribution from short
      term, two tracer studies in man.

PMID- 1198650
TI  - [Measurement of bromine diffusion space in man by x-ray fluorescence. Comparison
      with radioisotopic methods].

PMID- 1198651
TI  - [Iodine deficiency without goiter and water-electrolyte imbalance in man].

PMID- 1198652
TI  - Measurement of whole body nitrogen in living man by neutron activation analysis.

PMID- 1198653
TI  - [Comparison of delayed and prompt neutron activation analysis (N.A.A.) and
      application of prompt N.A.A. in medicine].

PMID- 1198654
TI  - [Synthesis of tritium-labeled alpha-MSH using the intermediate dibromo-alpha
      MSH].

PMID- 1198655
TI  - A DEAE cellulose column method using predosed 57Co cyanocobalamin and pooled
      serum for measuring vitamin B12 in serum.

PMID- 1198656
TI  - Contribution to the study of the renin--angiotensin system by means of
      radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1198657
TI  - Radiocalcium studies on the initial effects of calcitonin in man.

PMID- 1198658
TI  - Radiation doses from 133Xe and 127Xe used for lung function investigations.

PMID- 1198659
TI  - [Dependence of the relation of 113Sn/113mIn in bone in contrast to 47Ca and
      85Sr].

PMID- 1198660
TI  - [Bone scintigraphy in osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1198661
TI  - [Scintigraphic evidence of bone metastases in prostate cancer].

PMID- 1198662
TI  - [Value of scintigraphy for early detection of joint involvement in psoriasis].

PMID- 1198663
TI  - [Prognostic value of bone scintigraphy in fractures of the lower extremities].

PMID- 1198664
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of nuclear medical studies in skeletal diagnosis.
      Critical analysis from the radiological standpoint].

PMID- 1198665
TI  - [1st experiences with functional scintigraphy of tear ducts].

PMID- 1198666
TI  - A figure of merit to define gamma camera performance.

PMID- 1198667
TI  - Inherent problems in dynamic lung studies.

PMID- 1198668
TI  - [Combined scintigraphy and sonography for the diagnostic evaluation of
      parenchymatous organs].

PMID- 1198669
TI  - Electron-microscopic and isotopic evidence for a difference between the
      radiobiological effects of iodine-131 and iodine-125.

PMID- 1198670
TI  - [Holographic filtering: an optimal method for improving the information from
      scintigrams].

PMID- 1198671
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of a new presentation of betamethasone disodium phosphate.

PMID- 1198672
TI  - [Study of trace element distribution in human bone by neutron activation
      analysis].

PMID- 1198673
TI  - [Autoradiographic and hematologic findings in high-fractionated-dosage 35S
      therapy of chondrosarcomas].

PMID- 1198674
TI  - [New miniature scintillation counter for regional blood flow measurements in
      small tissue volumes].

PMID- 1198675
TI  - [Measurement of myocardial fixation rate using 131Cs (initial results)].

PMID- 1198676
TI  - [Follow-up results of 131-I therapy of benign thyroid diseases: an unsolved
      problem of dosimetry].

PMID- 1198677
TI  - Preliminary results of 75Se-labelled glycerol triether as a non-absorbable marker
      for fat absorption studies.

PMID- 1198678
TI  - [Distribution of chlorpromazine-11C in man].

PMID- 1198679
TI  - [Deposition of radiolabeled tissue homogenates in rat organs].

PMID- 1198680
TI  - Implications of sterile docking devices.

PMID- 1198681
TI  - Antibody to the hepatitis B surface antigen in immune serum globulin.
AB  - A collection of 1,278 lots of immune serum globulin (ISG) prepared by 19 United
      States manufacturers between 1962 and 1974 were tested for the hepatitis B
      surface antigen (HBSAg) and antibody (anti-HBS). Ten lots (0.8%), all of which
      were produced between 1962 and 1965 by two different manufacturers, were weakly
      positive for HBSAg (by radioimmunoassay). Seven hundred and seven lots (55.3%)
      were positive for anti-HBS (by passive hemagglutination). In general, titers of
      anti- HBS in lots of ISG were low, and the prevalence of anti HBS positive lots
      varied considerably among different manufacturers. ISG prepared from placental
      material was more commonly positive for anti-HBS than was ISG prepared from
      plasma. There was a striking overall increase in prevalence and titer of anti-HBS
      in ISG lots prepared during 1973 and 1974. This probably reflects the effect of
      elimination of strongly HBSAg-positive plasma units with the onset of routine
      screening for HBSAg which began in 1972.

PMID- 1198682
TI  - Viable lymphocytes in frozen washed blood.
AB  - Samples of glycerolized, frozen, packed cells, were washed by each of three
      systems and then were cultrued for viable lymphocytes using the short-term
      culture method. Of the 39 samples, 17 (43.6%) showed definite evidence of growth
      of lymphocytes. Of the 17, 11(64.7%) were washed by Elutramatic, two (11.8%) by
      Haemonetics, and four (23.5%) by IBM. The 4 C prefreeze (two to five days) as
      well as the -80 C (21 To 40 days) storage times were the same for both positive
      and negative specimens. In all samples, clumps of distorted granulocytes with
      pyknotic nuclei were seen in addition to a number of well-preserved mononucleated
      white cells. In the 17 specimens which showed growth, incorporation of 3H
      thymidine was seen only in the PHA-induced blast cells; typical mitotic figures
      were seen in some cultures. These observations demonstrate that lymphocytes
      remain viable in frozen blood stored at -80 C up to 40 days. The significant
      difference in removal of viable lymphocytes noted in specimens washed by
      different instruments requires further evaluation.

PMID- 1198683
TI  - Granylocyte transfusion: a controlled study in patients with acuute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Granulocyte transfusions are frequently used during the leukopenic phase of
      induction chemotherapy for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) although no
      controlled study has documented their usefulness. We have compared the morbidity
      and mortality of febrile episodes in granulocytopenic (less than 500/mm3) adults
      with ANLL who received granulocytes and those who did not. Granulocytes were
      obtained from related normal donors using a continuous flow centrifuge. Seventeen
      patients who received 98 transfusions during 23 febrile episodes were compared
      with 22 patients who received no granulocytes during 35 febrile episodes. No
      significant difference in clearing of documented infection occurred between the
      transfused (71%) or the control (76%) group. Granulocytes did not result in more
      rapid termination of febrile episodes nor in significant decrease in fever 24
      hours following the transfusion. Factors contributing to the lack of obvious
      clincal benefit are discussed.

PMID- 1198684
TI  - Improved granulocyte collection from normal donors by combination of continuous
      flow centrifugation and filtration leukapheresis.
AB  - A total of 30 leukaphereses were performed with the Aminco Cellseparator on 27
      healthy donots. Pretreatment by steroids and addition of fluid gelatin to the
      input line was performed in all runs. The combination of continuous flow
      centrifugation and filtration leukapheresis (CFC-FL) in nine of the 30 runs
      resulted in a highly significant increase of the yield to a mean of 59.6 X 1o(9)
      granulocytes as compared with a mean of 30.8 X 10(9) granulocytes obtained with
      conventional CFC. This significance is valid for the total yield of granulocytes,
      the yield per hour of run, or per liter of blood processed. No adverse reaction
      occurred.

PMID- 1198685
TI  - Unusual response to ABO incompatible blood transfusion.
AB  - Three units of group A blood were inadvertently administered to a group O
      recipient during surgery without evidence of hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria,
      hypotension, disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute renal tubular
      necrosis, or other signs and symptoms of transfusion reaction. The recipient had
      normal concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM as well as complement (C3) prior to
      transfusion and anti-A agglutinins titered to 64 (titer of 128 by the
      antiglobulin technic). Seventeen hours following the transfusion, 28 per cent of
      the circulating red blood cells were group A (equivalent to 475 ml of packed
      cells); they were eliminated by day 5 without evidence of hemoglobinuria,
      hemoglobinemia or hyperbilirubinemia. Anti-A titers (antiglobulin) had risen from
      a posttransfusion low of 4 to 4,096 by day 10. After treatment of serum with 2
      mercaptoethanol, however, hemolytic activity which was first noted on day 5 was
      lost and the antiglobulin titer dropped to 24 which suggested that most of the
      anti-A produced in response to the transfusion was IgM rather than IgG. The anti
      A titer had dropped to essentialyy pretransfusion levels and the majority of anti
      A present was IgM by day 91. The recipient suffered no untoward effects from the
      transfusion and was in good health three months following the transfusion.

PMID- 1198686
TI  - An adverse pulmonary reaction to cryoprecipitate in a hemophiliac.
AB  - An adult with classif Hemophilia A experienced a very severe reaction to
      transfusion with cryoprecipitate which was manifested as an adverse pulmonary
      reaction with marked hypoxemia in spite of oxygen therapy. The patient had
      neither leukoagglutinins nor lymphocytoxic, anti-platelet, or anti-Gm antibodies.
      His IgA level was normal. The possibility that debris in the cryoprecipitate from
      leukocytes and platelets contributed to the reaction is discussed.

PMID- 1198687
TI  - Inherited mosaicism affecting the ABO blood groups.
AB  - Blood samples from two families and three other unrelated people contain a
      mixture of red blood cells of two different ABO types. Previously described
      causes of red blood cell mosaicism have been excluded from responsibility. Other
      blood group systems are not involved. The phenotypes, which have been designated
      ABO mos, are inherited through a variant allele at the ABO locus and appear to
      arise from a change in regulation of an ABO gene of some somatic cells.

PMID- 1198688
TI  - In vivo platelet function following cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - In order to test the in vivo hemostatic function of platelets exposed to
      cardiopulmonary bypass, template bleeding times (TBT) were performed prebypass,
      three hours postbypass and 18 to 20 hours postoperatively in 22 patients
      undergoing open-heart surgery. The Harker-Slichter formula was applied to
      platelet counts below 100,000/cu mm to determine the expected TBT if the
      platelets function normally but were associated with a prolonged bleeding time
      merely from thrombocytopenia. Half of the patients received only frozen
      erythrocyte transfusions. Twenty of the 22 patients (91%) had normal or shorter
      than the expected TBT. Eight of the ten patients with platelet counts under
      100,000/cu mm had shorter than predicted TBTs. All of the patients receiving only
      frozen erythrocytes had normal or shorter than predicted TBTs. It is concluded
      that in vivo platelet hemostatic function is usually normal postbypass, that
      routine platelet transfusions are therefore not necessary, and that most open
      heart surgical procedures can be performed using frozen erythrocyte transfusions
      exclusively.

PMID- 1198689
TI  - Banked and fresh autologous blood in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
AB  - When 50 patients having autologous transfusions of two units of blood collected
      intraoperatively during coronary bypass surgery were compared with 50 patients
      receiving only homologous donor blood, it was found that a two-unit (20%)
      decrease in homologous blood usage per case occurred in the group receiving the
      autologous blood. No decrease occurred in total units of blood used per case. In
      15 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery, in addition to the two units of
      autolobous blood collected during surgery, two or four units of autologous blood
      were obtained preoperatively and administered intraoperatively. When four units
      were collected, the red blood cells were frozen until just prior to surgery.
      Total blood usage per case remained unchanged but a 4.6 unit (41%) decrease in
      homologous donor blood usage was noted. Patients phlebotomized preoperatively
      took 325 mgm of oral iron t.i.d. through the postoperative recovery period. These
      patients had an average decrease in hematocrit of 4.25 to 4.3 per cent following
      the final phlebotomy and just prior to surgery.

PMID- 1198690
TI  - Anti-Holley (hy): characterization of another example.
AB  - Anti-Hy, in a serum of a black man who had received multiple blood transfusions,
      was found to be a warm reactive and polyclonal IgG antibody which did not bind
      complement in vitro. 51Cr-labeled Hy-positive red blood cells in the patient
      showed a shortened "2-component" survival curve. Hy antigens were not detected on
      leukocytes, platelets, or in the serum of Hy-positive individuals.

PMID- 1198692
TI  - Functional and ultrastructural status of platelets prepared by the Celltrifuge.
AB  - Function and morphology of platelets collected by the Celltrifuge were
      investigated. In vitro platelet tests included aggregation by adenosine
      diplhosphate, collagen, and epinephrine, ability to support clot retraction,
      uptake and release of labeles serotonin, and morphology at the ultrastructural
      level. Each of these tests was also performed on platelets obtained from the same
      donor before the collection procedure was instituted. Data obtained from pre- and
      post-Celltrifuge platelet samples were compared and analyzed on individual donor
      basis as wass as on eight donors as a group. The hemostatic effectiveness of
      Celltrifuge-collected platelets was evaluated by their ability to raise platelet
      counts and to shorten the template bleeding time in four thrombocytopenic
      recipients. Our results indicate that platelets prepared by this continuous flow
      centrifugation equipment retained their functional and ultrastructural integrity,
      and significantly raised the platelet counts and shortened the bleeding time of
      all four patients.

PMID- 1198691
TI  - ABO discrepancy caused by an auto anti-N.
AB  - This report describes an auto anti-N reacting at a high thermal amplitude that
      caused an ABO cell and serum discrepancy.

PMID- 1198693
TI  - Successful control of life-threatening thrombocytosis with a blood processor.
AB  - A patient with polycythemia rubra vera developed marked thrombocytosis and
      hemorrhage after splenectomy. Plateletpheresis with a blood processor proved to
      be a safe, efficient, and rapid method for the mechanical removal of large
      quantities of platelets prior to adequate control with chemotherapy.

PMID- 1198694
TI  - Editorial: Lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltrations.

PMID- 1198695
TI  - Cutaneous reticuloses.

PMID- 1198696
TI  - The treatment of mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 1198697
TI  - Nutrient materials and the growth of bacteria on human skin.

PMID- 1198698
TI  - Congenital sinuses of the lower lip.

PMID- 1198699
TI  - Dermatology in Shiraz, Iran.

PMID- 1198700
TI  - Further genetic data on the CSA system.

PMID- 1198701
TI  - Determination of the structure of the immunodominant groups of the canine
      secretory alloantigens (CSA) by radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1198702
TI  - Characterization of IgG-containing DEAE fractions of canine serum.
AB  - A high-titered canine antilymphocyte serum was chromatographed on DE-52 cellulose
      and the fractions were assayed for cytotoxic activity. Although cytotoxicity was
      associated with the first 63% of the column effluent corresponding to fractions 1
      through 7, significant activity (256) was demonstrable only in fractions 2, 3, 4,
      and 5. An immunoelectrophoretic study of fractions 1 through 5 showed only IgGa
      in fraction 1, IgGa and IgGb as electrophoretically separate arcs in fraction 2,
      and as electrophoretically inseparable arcs in fractions 3 through 5.
      Cytotoxicity is postulated to be associated with the IgGb subclass, since titers
      correspond with the distribution of IgGb in column fractions.

PMID- 1198703
TI  - Preliminary evidence for a fourth phosphoglucomutase (PGM) locus in the dog.
AB  - The PGM polymorphisms were investigated in starch gel electrophoresis in a total
      of 34 dogs. After prolonged incubation, a zone located 5-6 cm anodal to PGM3 was
      found in which two clear bands were identified. Two dogs had only the faster
      band, and two dogs had only the slower band. This provides preliminary evidence
      for the existence of a fourth PGM locus in dogs. A series of exclusion
      experiments indicates that the newly found bands contain PGM activity.

PMID- 1198705
TI  - A framework for predicting reactions to crises in the aged.

PMID- 1198704
TI  - Canine genetics and frozen semen.

PMID- 1198706
TI  - Pro and contra fixed-ratio drug combinations. A workshop in Ascona.

PMID- 1198707
TI  - A successful campaign against smallpox.

PMID- 1198709
TI  - Snyaptic and dendritic development and mental defect.
AB  - The hypothesis that specific defects in synaptic and dendritic development of
      cerebral cortex may form the anatomical basis in some cases of mental defect has
      been examined by electron microscopy and by use of the Golgi-Cos method. Two
      types of abnormality have been identified to date. One is a specific lesion of
      presynaptic terminals, first reported by Gonatas and Goldensohn (14) in a child
      with mental retardation and myoclonic seizures. This lesion, consisting of
      massive proliferation of membranous structures in terminal axons, appears to be
      rare and may be the anatomical substrate of one or more genetically determined
      dementing illnesses in infancy. More commonly, cerebral cortex from the severely
      retarded shows defects in number, length, and spatial arrangement of dendrites
      and synapses, best demonstrated by the Golgi method. Such abnormalities have been
      found in six out of eleven brains from severely retarded individuals examined by
      us. The etiology of the retardation was unknown in the majority; two had other
      recognizable developmental malformations of brain. It is suggested that a number
      of different etiological factors, if active during the period of rapid synaptic
      and dendritic growth in cerebral cortex (i. e., from the last trimester of
      pregnancy to the end of the first postnatal year) may result in stunted
      development of these structures.

PMID- 1198708
TI  - Discussion: Biochemical studies in various culture systems of neural tissues.

PMID- 1198710
TI  - Discussion: CNS maturation and behavorial development.

PMID- 1198711
TI  - Discussion: Development of postsynaptic potentials recorded from immature neurons
      in kitten visual cortex.

PMID- 1198712
TI  - Discussion: L-dopa-induced improvement of conditioned response inhibition.

PMID- 1198713
TI  - Discussion: Acetylcholine and the caudate.

PMID- 1198714
TI  - Discussion: neurophysiological substrates of behavioral habituation and
      conditioning.

PMID- 1198715
TI  - Unit recordings during Pavlovian conditioning.
AB  - The aim is to find some switches in the brain and to characterize them if
      possible as either temporary and requiring some reverberatory process or as more
      stable and structural. There were five assumptions involved; (a) that the very
      large population of neurons in the brain could be effectively sampled in a
      limited set of experiments; (b) that a middle kind of electrodes could direct
      themselves to a sufficiently stable single unit population to permit extended
      conditioning experiments: (c) that averaging could be used to eliminate the
      effects of all unwanted variables that were not correlated with the main auditory
      signals: (d) that latency mapping would permit the tracing of a signal even
      through the multiple-channeled pathways of the brain (and would help us to
      identify switching points; (e) that a middle kind of conditioning (not Pavlovian
      entirely nor Slinner experiment with the clear CS of a Pavlovian one...

PMID- 1198716
TI  - Discussion: effects of caudate nuclei removal versus frontal cortex lesions in
      kittens.

PMID- 1198717
TI  - Prenatal nutrition and neurological development.

PMID- 1198718
TI  - Hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase and PKU.
AB  - The conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine in mammalian tissues is catalyzed by
      a complex enzyme system composed of several essential enzymes and cofactors. All
      of these components have been assayed in liver biopsy samples from patients with
      the classic form of PKU. They are all present except for phenylalanine
      hydroxylase, thus establishing this enzyme as the missing component. This
      conclusion has been confirmed in immunotitration experiments with a specific
      antiserum to phenylalanine hydroxylase. With the use of a highly sensitive assay
      for the hydroxylase, 0.27% of the normal activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase
      has been detected in a liver sample from a patient with classic PKU. There is
      some evidence that this low level of catalytic activity is due to the presence of
      a nutant form of the enzyme rather than to very low levels of the normal enzyme.
      These results rule out the possibility that clasic PKU is caused by a deletion
      mutation. The finding that the properties of the enzyme are different from the
      normal enzyme also suggests that the low hydroxylase activity in PKU is not
      caused by a regulatory hene mutation, but rather by a mutation in the gene that
      codes for the structure of the hydroxylase.

PMID- 1198719
TI  - Role of biochemistry in research on mental retardation.

PMID- 1198720
TI  - Neuronal sprouting after hippocampal lesions.
AB  - It appears that aberrant but functional circuitry can rapidly develop after
      removal of particular afferent projections. The parameters describing this
      process appear to vary according to (1) the age at which the experimental
      manipulation was performed, (2) the specific afferent being studied, and (3) the
      particular input which is eliminated or possibly the brain region which is
      deafferented. It must also be emphasized that abnormal growth is not always found
      after lesions even in situations which a priori appear appropriate. Hopefully,
      these anatomical and physiological results obtained in a relatively "simple"
      brain system will be of help in evaluating the role played by abnormal wiring in
      the development of behavioral deficits.

PMID- 1198721
TI  - [Meningococcal infections in Arhus and surrounding communities in 1974].

PMID- 1198722
TI  - [Polyposis of the stomach].

PMID- 1198723
TI  - [P-pills and thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1198724
TI  - [Letter: Dextropropoxyphene and government drug information].

PMID- 1198726
TI  - [Letter: Lack of hospital planning].

PMID- 1198725
TI  - [Editorial: Stomach polyps].

PMID- 1198727
TI  - [Psychologist's estimation of the aged].

PMID- 1198728
TI  - [Cooperation between social and health authorities and general practice in
      Roskilde municipal district].

PMID- 1198729
TI  - [Structure of socio-medical cooperation in large rural districts (group
      classification by physician practice)].

PMID- 1198730
TI  - [Lower urinary tract function].

PMID- 1198731
TI  - [Neurogenic disorders of micturition].

PMID- 1198732
TI  - [Bladder hyperreflexia].

PMID- 1198733
TI  - [Urinary incontinence in women. Urodynamic and radiological classification].

PMID- 1198734
TI  - [Urinary incontinence in women treated with colposuspension. Clinical, urodynamic
      and radiological assessment].

PMID- 1198735
TI  - [Neurogenic urinary incontinence treated with an implantable artificial
      sphincter].

PMID- 1198736
TI  - [Cranium bifidum with cephalocele].

PMID- 1198737
TI  - [Letter: Death certificates and cancer].

PMID- 1198738
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of solid tumors--a supplementary aspect].

PMID- 1198739
TI  - [Letter: Painful animal experiments--a social problem].

PMID- 1198740
TI  - [Drug information. Cincaine eye ointment 0, 5%, Ferring].

PMID- 1198742
TI  - [Editorial: Good news in urology].

PMID- 1198741
TI  - [Antiepileptic treatment during pregnancy].

PMID- 1198743
TI  - [Incidence of urinary incontinence in Denmark].

PMID- 1198744
TI  - [Social supportive measures in urinary incontinence and urostomy].

PMID- 1198745
TI  - [Drug addicts--voluntary treatment. A critical evaluation].

PMID- 1198746
TI  - [Letter: Drug addicts--voluntary treatment].

PMID- 1198747
TI  - [Prevention - prophylaxis].

PMID- 1198748
TI  - [Unstable diaphyseal leg fractures treated by transfixation and plaster casts].

PMID- 1198749
TI  - [Use of the water bed in the prevention of decubitus ulcer].

PMID- 1198750
TI  - [Leriche's syndrome].

PMID- 1198751
TI  - [Granulomatous liver disease induced by phenylbutazone].

PMID- 1198752
TI  - [Acute hepatitis].

PMID- 1198753
TI  - [Letter: History of a pill].

PMID- 1198755
TI  - [Letter: Diagnosis of malaria].

PMID- 1198754
TI  - [Letter: Oral contraceptives and hypertension].

PMID- 1198756
TI  - [Editorial: The hopelessly sick patient].

PMID- 1198757
TI  - [Editorial: Alcohol in society].

PMID- 1198758
TI  - [Hospitalization for a day in a department for psychiatric admissions].

PMID- 1198759
TI  - [Food for man and beast].

PMID- 1198761
TI  - [General medicine at Copenhagen University].

PMID- 1198760
TI  - [Letter: People, beast and food habits].

PMID- 1198762
TI  - Prospects for medical practice in New Zealand.

PMID- 1198763
TI  - [Hospitalization therapy in cerebral apoplexy. An analysis of 234 admissions to a
      municipal hospital].

PMID- 1198764
TI  - Segmental ultrasonic test for the study of cholecystodyskinesia.
AB  - Ten patients of ages 35 to 61 years with 'cholecystopathy' received an injection
      of 20 ml, 40% biligrafin. X-rays of the gall-bladder area were taken before and
      at certain intervals after the injection. This was followed by ultrasonic
      stimulation (applied using the impulse technique) for ten to twenty minutes at
      frequencies of 3 MHz, effective intensity of 1.4-2.8 W cm-2 and with paraffin oil
      as a contact agent. The dorsal segments were subjected to ultrasonic stimulation
      of weaker intensity but longer duration than the ventral segment. The gall
      bladder shadow was analysed planimetrically, and an approximate volumetric
      calculation was attempted. The results show that the gall-bladder responds to
      segmental ultrasonic stimulation by both contraction and dilatation, presumably
      through a cutaneous visceral reflex arch, a qualitatively and quantitatively
      different response to that of egg yolk. Segmental ultrasonic stimulation of the
      gall-bladder seems to be a suitable complement to fatty meal treatment,
      particularly where this 'contra-indicated'. In addition it offers the possibility
      of differentiating between hyper and hypokinetic forms of gall-bladder
      dyskinesia. Finally, it was observed that a more marked effect on the gall
      bladder can be produced by dorsal-segmental stimulation than by stimulation over
      the ventral points.

PMID- 1198765
TI  - [Proof of metastases by lymphography in prostatic carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198766
TI  - Alterations of serum lactic dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme V fraction levels
      following hyperglycemic condition in patients with bladder carcinoma.

PMID- 1198767
TI  - [Etiology and therapy of recurrent urinary tract infection and enuresis in girls
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1198768
TI  - Effect of succinimide and other drugs on oxalate excretion by rats.

PMID- 1198769
TI  - Metastatic melanocarcinoma presenting as a tonsil polyp.

PMID- 1198770
TI  - Primary inverting papilloma of the sphenoid sinus.

PMID- 1198771
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the sphenoid sinus.
AB  - Aneurysmal bone cyst is now recognized as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. It
      has characteristic clinical, radiologic, and pathologic feactures. The two
      modalities of treatment are surgical resection or curettage and radiotherapy:
      recurrence rates with each modality are discussed. A case report of an aneurysmal
      bone cyst presenting in the sphenoid sinus and treated with the compbined
      modalities of irradiation and surgical curettage is presented.

PMID- 1198772
TI  - Primary liposarcoma of the larynx.

PMID- 1198773
TI  - Laryngotracheal separation: late complications.

PMID- 1198774
TI  - Surgical reconstruction of complications associated with fronto-ethmoid mucocele
      surgery.
AB  - Devastating complications can occur following an uncomplicated resection of a
      fronto-ethmoid mucocele, namely, total blepharoptosis, diplopia, and vertical
      horizontal extraocular muscle abnormalities. Four stages of reconstructive
      surgery were required over a two-year period of time to arrive at an acceptable
      appearance and useful binocular vision. Maximum care must be exercised when
      resecting a fronto-ethmoid mucocele. Inadvertent trauma to the orbital anatomy
      may result in a multitude of serious ocular complications.

PMID- 1198775
TI  - Neurilemmoma of the head and neck.

PMID- 1198776
TI  - Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tongue.

PMID- 1198777
TI  - Fibroxanthosarcoma of the neck.

PMID- 1198778
TI  - Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck.

PMID- 1198779
TI  - A different approach to the management of submandibular gland disease.

PMID- 1198780
TI  - A midline cervical fistula associated with a birefringent body: an unusual
      presentation of a branchiogenic fistula.

PMID- 1198781
TI  - Cervical fibrosclerosis with episcleritis.

PMID- 1198782
TI  - Hormonal control of insect epidermal cell activities: an ultrastructural
      analysis.

PMID- 1198783
TI  - [Effect of mitral valve calcinosis on the remote results of commissurotomy].
AB  - The results of 249 mitral commissurotomies in calcification of the mitral valve
      are analysed. The authors have differentiated three grades of calcification of
      the valve and two groups according to its functional state. Late results were
      followed up in 177 patients within the terms up to 10 years and longer. The
      persistant positive result was noted in 99 patients, in 11 cases it was regarded
      as poor, and in 37--unstable. Postoperatively 34 patients died. The analysis
      enabled the authors to state that the positive effect of closed mitral
      commissurotomy could be also gained in considerable calcification. Prosthetic
      replacement of the valve is indicated in the presence of massive calcinosis
      associated with the rigidity of cusps and marked regurgitation.

PMID- 1198784
TI  - [Importance of lactacidemia for evaluation of severe postoperative condition of
      patients with peritonitis].
AB  - Based on the analysis of a number of organic acids, blood pH in the early
      postoperative period in 56 patients with diffuse peritonitis, it is concluded
      that the level of lactic acid depends both on the intensity of the inflammatory
      process in the peritoneum and on the degree of tissue perfusion disorders. During
      the intensive therapy these microcirculatory disturbances are liquidated during
      initial two postoperative days, whereas the kinetics of blood organic acids
      reduction allow characterization of the degree of pathophysiological shifts in
      diffuse peritonitis and possible issues of the disease.

PMID- 1198785
TI  - [Clinico-experimental aspectes of adhesive disease].

PMID- 1198787
TI  - [Certain disputable and unsolved problems of traumatic shock].

PMID- 1198786
TI  - [Pathogenesis of diseases caused by abdominal adhesions and their clinical
      classification].

PMID- 1198788
TI  - [Concerning the article "In defense of clinical angiology"].

PMID- 1198789
TI  - [Classification of chronic lung diseases].

PMID- 1198791
TI  - [A needle for peridural anesthesia].

PMID- 1198790
TI  - [Causes of errors in x-ray diagnosis of diseases of the digestive tract].
AB  - Eighty three cases of an erroneous x-ray diagnosis of diseases of the
      gastrointestinal tract were analyzed and compared with operative findings (3269)
      operations. In 75 observations a divergency in diagnoses was related with
      pathological conditions of the stomach and pancreatoduodenal zone. The greatest
      number of erroneous diagnoses is due to an improper interpretation of
      roentgenological symptoms and underestimation of functional signs of the lesion.
      Errors in the method of roentgenological studies resulted in a wrong diagnosis.
      There were 8 cases of incorrect diagnosis in tumors of the small and large bowel,
      5--in diseases of the operated stomach and 2--in nonepithelial gastric tumors,
      these were mostly due to objective difficulties of the differential diagnosis and
      limitations of the roentgenological method of investigation.

PMID- 1198792
TI  - [Mallory-Weiss syndrome in asthma].

PMID- 1198793
TI  - [Rare case of latent hermaphroditism in an adult male].

PMID- 1198794
TI  - [Modification of step-by-step aortography].
AB  - A modified technic of step aortography was suggested and used clinically.
      Following it a metallic obturator, used for closing a top portion of a catheter,
      is introduced hydraulically. The suggested modification would allow angiographic
      studies of a more short duration, that is of special importance in case of an
      emergency investigation.

PMID- 1198795
TI  - [Repeated lung resections in patients with bronchiectasis].
AB  - Among 1000 patients with unilateral and bilateral bronchiectases 35 patients were
      subjected to repeat pneumonectomies for residual and recurrent bronchiectases. In
      residual bronchiectases segmental resections are mostly indicated, while in
      persistant atelectasis with bronchial fistula, chronic pleural empyema and
      bronchiectases a removal of the remain lung portions seems to be the only radical
      method of treatment.

PMID- 1198796
TI  - [Outcome of surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis at different phases of the
      disease].
AB  - Due to some features in the clinical course of acute cholecystitis operative
      interventions may be performed in different terms. "Emergency" operations are
      performed on vital indications during the first day of patient's stay at the
      hospital; "urgent" operations are indicated, if there is no improvement in
      patients' status despite energetic conservative measures with antibiotics during
      2-6 days. Delayed surgery is accomplished following the subsidence of clinical
      signs of the inflammatory process and adequate investigation of the object. Delay
      operations are certainly more advantageous, nevertheless in established diagnosis
      of suppurative inflammation in the gallbladder the expectation policy and
      persistant conservative therapy are hazardous because of a possibility of
      development of grave and multiple complications. A question of indications to
      emergency operations should be solved, if possible, during the first day of
      patients' stay at the hospital. According to the author's material the mortality
      rate after emergency operations was 3.1%, after urgent procedures--10%, and
      delayed operations--1.6%. An average per cent of the mortality in surgical
      therapy for acute cholecystitis makes 4.3%.

PMID- 1198797
TI  - [Thromboendarterectomy of the aorta and renal arteries in vaso-renal
      hypertension].
AB  - Based on the clinical experience with 309 operations performed for the renal
      arteries pathology indications to and pecularities of various modifications of
      the operation are analysec. According to the authors' data the specific weight of
      thrombendarterectomy made 42.9%. The technic of transaortic eversion
      thrombendarterectomy from the renal artery by means of a posterior arciform seems
      to be preferable. As evidenced by the authors' findings transarterial methods of
      thrombendarterectomy proved to be a failure. The technic of thrombectomy from the
      aorta and renal artereis ostia in a high ascending thrombosis of the aorta is
      discussed in detail. More frequently reconstructive procedures for the associated
      pathology of the abdominal aorta and its branches have been performed. During 73
      operations totally 106 kidneys were revascularized. It is emphasized that this
      technic of renal arteries plasty is one of basic importance in surgery for
      vasorenal hypertension, but it should not be opposed to other methods of an
      operative correction of the renal circulation.

PMID- 1198798
TI  - [Organ-saving operations in cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1198799
TI  - [Additional diagnostic symptoms of perforated peptic ulcer].
AB  - Utilization of abdominal puncture after the author's technic and the analysis of
      pathological peritoneal content enabled the recognition of a number of signs
      typical for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer, which are described in this
      communication. Such conclusion was drawn based on the use of punctures in 167
      patients and examination of the peritoneal exudate in 375 patients with different
      surgical affections of abdominal organs.

PMID- 1198800
TI  - [Diagnostic puncture of the abdomen in acute appendicitis].

PMID- 1198801
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological parallels in congenital hypoplasia of the deep veins of
      the limbs].
AB  - The authors report  the results of clinical and phlebographic investigations in
      34 patients with congenital hypoplasia of profound veins of the extremities. The
      specific weight of this lesion among phlebological patients was 2.7%. An extreme
      degree of aplasia--the total absence of deep crural and femoral veins was
      diagnosed in 4 cases, arteriovenous fistulas--in 14. The studies performed
      allowed wider indications to operative treatment employed in 21 cases. It was
      accomplished with the purpose to unload the lower limb venous system (ligation of
      arterio-venous fistulas, excision of angiomas and varices, ligation of
      communicant veins). These interventions improve considerably the patients' state
      and prevent a progression of the disease. However, they are but of a palliative
      character.

PMID- 1198802
TI  - [Roentgeno-functional comparisons in post-thrombotic disease of the lower limbs].
AB  - In patients with the sequelae of acute thrombosis of profound large veins the
      results of kinetic phlebotonometry, venous blood flow rate, tissue hydrophilia,
      shin electrothermometry and arterial oscillography were compared with the degree
      of decompensation of the collateral venous outflow, revealed phlebographically.
      With the development of phlebographic signs of decompensated collateral venous
      outflow a progressing venous atonia, diminished venous tonus and venous pressure,
      the valvular apparatus insuffieicny, retardation of the venous blood flow,
      alterations in tissue microcirculation and insufficient peripheral arterial
      circulation were detected. The authors' materials allowed a conclusion as to the
      important role of collateral venous outflow in pathogenesis of postthrombic
      disease, development of hemodynamic disorders in the involved extremity, and the
      rationality of using functional methods of investigation to characterize
      compensatory capacities of the venous network.

PMID- 1198803
TI  - [Remote results of surgical treatment of post-thrombophlebitic disease of the
      lower limbs].
AB  - An analysis of late results of surgery for thrombophlebitic affection is
      reported. 55 patients were examined in different terms (up to 7 years after
      reconstructive operative procedures). Favourable and satisfactory issues were
      gained in 44 of them Control phlebograms proved the patency of anastomosed and
      free grafted veins. The following operations are recommended for a wider clinical
      application: croos shunting, the femoral vein plasty with a free venous
      autograft, the construction of anastomoses between v. saphena magna and profound
      veins of the extremity. The need for reconstructive procedures that would be
      associated with the removal of pathologically changed subcutaneous veins and
      ligation of insufficient communicant veins of the leg and foot is emphasized.

PMID- 1198804
TI  - [Surgical anatomy of the initial portion of the small subcutaneous vein and the
      method of phlebectomy].

PMID- 1198805
TI  - [Lymphographic semeiotics of inflammatory and dystrophic lesions of the lymph
      nodes in the light of morphological data].
AB  - The authors report clinica, roentgeno-lymphographic and morphological findings in
      164 patients whom lymph nodes showed various changes of non-tumor origin, 584
      lymph nodes being studied by aimed lymphographic and morphological correlations.
      The changes observed were subdivided into 2 groups: diffuse and focal. Diffuse
      inflammatory and reactive changes, and multiple micrometastases as well, are
      manifested by an analogous lymphographic picture. In focal hyperplasia a lymph
      node is somewhat increased in size, it shows smooth and distinct contours,
      defects of filling and absorption.

PMID- 1198806
TI  - [Treatment of diabetic gangrene].
AB  - The results of treatment in 68 patients with vascular lesions of the lower limbs
      in diabetes mellitus are analysed. Fifty patients showed a necrotic and
      gangrenous stage of the disease. A grave form of diabetes was observed in half of
      them. In every case of diabetic angiopathy of the lower extremities vessels,
      irrespective of the gravity and stage of the process, insulinotherapy should be
      instituted. A complex therapy and preoperative management also include an
      adequate physiological diet, spasmolytics, vitamins, antibiotics according to an
      antibioticogram, and anticoagulants, local enzymotherapy, if indicated. In 13
      cases spontaneous sequestration occurred, 31 patients were operated upon:
      sequestration--in 6, amputation--in 25. The operation was performed after
      elimination of auetonuria and ketonuria and reduction of hyperglycemia as low as
      200 mg% (the latter was gained but not always). Recently, low amputations have
      been accomplished more frequently than before. No postoperative mortality was
      noted.

PMID- 1198807
TI  - [Surgical treatment of injuries of the anterior segment of the pelvic girdle].
AB  - The author described the results of surgical therapy for fractures of the
      anterior portion of the pelvic girdle and rupture of the pubic symphysis. The
      author has studied the surgical anatmy of these injuries, also original securing
      devices and some instruments were devised and operative approaches, employed in
      surgical procedures on pelvic bones, were elaborated. Indications and
      contraindications to surgery and the rationality of using some or other metallic
      constructions were studied. Observations over 27 of 76 patients operated upon for
      different pelvic fractures during the period of 1963-1974 are reported. The
      method allowed a close juxtaposition and fixation of fragments with the resulting
      good anatomical and functional issues without using external immobilization. The
      results of the treatment were mostly favourable.

PMID- 1198808
TI  - [Treatment of habitual shoulder dislocation].

PMID- 1198809
TI  - [Causes of inflammation of an artificial esophagus and its treatment].

PMID- 1198810
TI  - [State of hemodynamics and external respiration during peridural anesthesia].
AB  - The author reports the results of hemoynamic, spirographic and biochemical
      studies conducted in patients, operated upon on the organs of the lower abdomen,
      pelvis and lower extremities. Arterial pressure and pulse rate were studied in
      165 patients, venous pressue--in 50, spirographic studies--in 50, blood alkaline
      reserve--in 42.

PMID- 1198811
TI  - [Sacro-epidural anesthesia in an out-patient clinic].
AB  - During operative procedures the authors have employed sarcoepidural anesthesia
      successfully in 51 patients, operated upon under outpatient conditions. No
      complications while using this kind of anesthesia were observed. Due to its
      duration and feasibility the latter seems to be rational in ambulatory
      conditions.

PMID- 1198812
TI  - [Errors, risks and complications in esophageal alloplasty].
AB  - The author summarized systematically errors, hazards, difficulties and
      complications encountered in esophageal alloplasty. An analysis of 50 clinical
      observations (diverticulectomy, intubation of the esophagus in inoperable
      cancers, recanalization of stenosed entero-esophageal anastomoses after
      esophagoplasty, intubation of the enteroesophageal anastomosis in cancer
      recurrence after gastrectomy, previously performed) and 260 experiments on dogs
      (autoalloplasty of terminal and segmental portions of the esophagus) is given.
      Some measures for prevention of possible complications are recommended.

PMID- 1198813
TI  - [Complications in extrafocal compression and distraction for nonunion of the
      tibia].
AB  - While analysing the results of 118 operations for extrafocal compression,
      distraction and compression-distraction osteosynthesis with the G. A. Ilizarov
      apparatus in 116 patients showing nonunion of fractures and pseudarthrosis of the
      tibia, the author observed 53 various complications among 40 operations (33.9%).
      78 operations were without any complications (66.1%). The greatest number of
      complications was noted while using a distraction method. Some recommendations on
      the treatment and prophylaxis of such complications are given.

PMID- 1198814
TI  - [Complications of reconstructive jejunogastroplasty in the late periods following
      surgery].
AB  - In the late period after reconstructive jejunogastroplasty such complications
      would arise as the resumed hydrochloric acid production and resulting peptic
      ulcers. Vagotomy is felt to be an effective measure for prevention and treatment
      of peptic ulcers of this origin. Some other complications of reconstructive
      jejunogastroplasty proved to be an obstruction of the interposed intestine of the
      functional character. The latter may necessitate surgical therapy.

PMID- 1198815
TI  - [Foreign body in the chest cavity].

PMID- 1198816
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus].

PMID- 1198817
TI  - [Removal of multiple needles from the thoracic and abdominal organs].

PMID- 1198818
TI  - [Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum by a fish bone].

PMID- 1198819
TI  - [Solid fibroma of the duodenum].

PMID- 1198820
TI  - [Knife wound of the vena cava inferior].

PMID- 1198821
TI  - [Rarely encountered benign retroperitoneal tumors of the pelvis, hibernomas].

PMID- 1198822
TI  - [Echinococcosis of the kidney].

PMID- 1198823
TI  - [Functional state of the resected stomach stump in peptic ulcer].
AB  - The authors report the results of examination of 80 patients with ulcerous
      disease of the stomach and duodenum prior to and in the immediate period, as well
      as in 85 patients in late terms after typical Hofmeister-Finsterer gastrectomy.
      The acid-production of the stomach and its stump was studied by intragastric pH
      metry, pepsine in the gastric juice was determined and also the resected stomach
      excretory function was studied by fibrochromogastroscopy. It is shown that the
      method of intragastric pH-metry is more advanrageous, since it gives an
      estimation of acid-production of the resected stomach in the immediate
      postoperative period, in particular.

PMID- 1198824
TI  - [Metastases of esophageal cancer to the bones].
AB  - The data reported support the idea on possible hematogenic metastases spread in
      esophageal cancer, especially in bones (in 5 of 209 examined patients). Clinical
      and roentgenological findings of esophageal cancer metastases in bones do not
      differ from the manifestations of osteolytic metastases in bones of malignant
      tumors of other localizations. Timely recognition of distant metastases in
      esophageal cancer seems to be important from the point of view of selecting the
      most rational and warranted method of treatment.

PMID- 1198825
TI  - [Tumor-like formations in the stomach wall].
AB  - Six cases of pseudotumorous lesions simulating gastric cancer are described.
      Pathological changes in the gastric wall were characterized by diffuse mainly
      lymphoid infiltration, associated with sclerosis and ulcers. These lesions are
      regarded as pseudo-sarcomatous lymphomatosis of the stomach. It is the authors'
      opinion that these are a benign nonsystemic reactive process in response to the
      previously suffered inflammation.

PMID- 1198826
TI  - [Prolonged infusion therapy via the major vessels].
AB  - Some aspects of continuous infusion therapy by means of catheterization of large
      vessels are discussed. The authors share their experience of 215 punctures and
      catheterizations of the subclavian vein for persistent parenteral feeding after
      various thoracoabdominal operative interventions in patients with diseases of the
      gastrointestinal tract, lung, mediastinum and other lesions. The puncturing
      resulted in 13 complications, making 5.2%.

PMID- 1198827
TI  - [Use of polidez for treating patients with endarteritis obliterans of the lower
      extremities].
AB  - To treat patients with chronic arterial occlusion of the lower extremities, the
      authors used 3% solution of low molecular polyvinyl alcohol in 0.9% sodium
      chloride solution-polydese. The substance was injected intravenously and
      intraarterially in a dosage of 10 ml per k Kg of weight. There was noted a good
      tolerance of the drug, and also the absence of toxic, pyrogenic and allergic
      reactions. In polydese therapy a marked improvement of the peripheral blood
      circulation was observed. The conducted clinical observations, laboratory studies
      have proved polydese to be the drug of a positive rheological effect.

PMID- 1198828
TI  - [Clinical x-ray characteristics of acute suppurative destructions of the lungs of
      a nonstaphylococcal nature in children].
AB  - The authors conducted complex clinico-roentgenological and immuno-bacteriological
      studies in 63 children, aged from 14 days to 14 years, with acute suppurative
      destructions of the lung, complicated with the development of pyothorax. As a
      result of these investigations, it was found that clinico-roentgenological
      symptomatics in children with acute suppurative destructions of the lung of the
      non-staphylococcal nature (Proteus, pyocyanic bacillus and others) show evident
      peculiarities and differ from typical manifestations of staphylococcal
      destruction of the l,ng in children. Complex clinico-roentgenological and immuno
      bacteriological studies in children with the mentioned pathology enabled the
      authors to differentiate an infective nature of the disease.

PMID- 1198829
TI  - [Lesion of the hip joint in osteomyelitis of the pelvic bones and of the proximal
      portion of the femur in the newborn].
AB  - During 14 years the authors observed 52 newborn infants with acute hematogenic
      osteomyelitis of pelvic bones and proximal femoral portion, complicated with
      coxitis in 43 patients, pathological dislocation - in 32, phlegmon with burrowing
      in 37. A septicopyemic form of the disease was noted in 33 subjects, local-focal
      in 19. The symptomatics and an early topic diagnosis depending on a stage of the
      process are described in detail. The treatment includes timely surgical
      intervention on the pathological focus, intensive genaxis and treatment of
      pathological dislocation of the femur. An early diagnosis and timely complex
      therapy within recent 5 years provided the opportunity to reduce the mortality
      and the percentage of disability due to this disease.

PMID- 1198830
TI  - [Removal of a teratoma of the posterior mediastinum with resection of a portion
      of the thoracic part of the aorta in a 3-year-old child].

PMID- 1198831
TI  - [Lobectomy in a newborn male infant for staphylococcal destruction of the lung].

PMID- 1198832
TI  - [Acute pancreonecrosis in a 7-year-old child].

PMID- 1198833
TI  - [Invagination of the vermiform process in a 12-year-old child].

PMID- 1198834
TI  - [Myxoma of the femur in a 9-year-old child].

PMID- 1198835
TI  - [Peridural anesthesia with neuroleptoanalgesia in operations for goiter].
AB  - The paper is concerned with the use of peridural anesthesia (PA) in operations
      for struma in a considerable size and retrosternal localization of the latter,
      thyrotoxicosis, grave concomitant lesions. The authors have employed PA in 12
      patients, in 2 of them in association with endotracheal narcosis, in 9 in
      combination with neuroleptoanalgesia (NLA), and in 1 postoperatively to liquidate
      successfully the laryngeal mucosa edema, developed following surgery for struma
      performed under endotracheal narcosis.

PMID- 1198836
TI  - [Anesthesia with artificial pulmonary ventilation using an air guide and mask].

PMID- 1198837
TI  - [Hemodynamics of the lesser circulation following bronchial resection for
      bronchiectasis in children].
AB  - In 12 patients in different terms after bronchial resection for bronchiectases
      changes in the minor circulatory circuit were analysed, taking into account
      catheterization findings in the pulmonary artery and the data of
      angiopneumonography. The studies have indicated that after resection of segmental
      bronchi the corresponding segments remain airful, if in the boundaries of the
      same lobe normally ventilated segments are preserved. Blood flow through
      pneumotized (with resected bronchi) segments is functionally blocked. Segmental
      angiopneumonography performed following a year and a half proved a complete
      anatomical patency of the vascular bed.

PMID- 1198838
TI  - [Pancreatic injuries].

PMID- 1198839
TI  - [Injury of the right common carotid artery].

PMID- 1198840
TI  - [Penetrating wound of the pelvis through the obturator foramen with injury of the
      penis].

PMID- 1198841
TI  - [Errors and difficulties in diagnosis of cecal volvulus].
AB  - Clinical manifestations of the cecum ileus fall into three specific clinico
      anatomical types, the knowledge of which permits establishing the correct
      preoperative diagnosis in a considerable number of cases. A description of these
      typical clinico-anatomical variants is presented, and some practical
      recommendations are given.

PMID- 1198842
TI  - [A simple needle guide in metallic osteosynthesis of the femur neck].

PMID- 1198843
TI  - [Cardiospasm].

PMID- 1198844
TI  - [Spontaneous cure of perforated duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1198845
TI  - [Leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum].

PMID- 1198846
TI  - [Method of closure of external duodenal fistulas].

PMID- 1198847
TI  - [Recurrent acute intestinal obstruction caused by biliary calculi].

PMID- 1198848
TI  - [Unusual complication of colonic diverticulosis].

PMID- 1198849
TI  - [Acutely developing traumatic cyst of the pancreas draining into the abdominal
      cavity].

PMID- 1198850
TI  - [Vagotomy and pyloroplasty in patients with duodenal ulcer with decreased acid
      production].
AB  - It is the authors' opinion that low values of acid production do not exclude the
      importance of the acid-peptic factor in formation of duodenal ulcers. Vagotomy
      and pyloroplasty in most patients showing duodenal ulcer with reduced
      posthistamine secretion provide for good results.

PMID- 1198851
TI  - [Urgent tasks of emergency diagnosis and treatment of acute cholecystitis].
AB  - An analysis of issues of surgical therapy for acute cholecystitis has indicated
      the advantages of an active policy contrary to expectation and conservative
      methods. Among 397 patients operated upon on urgent indications 9 patients died
      (2.2%). By means of accelerated chromoduodenal sounding and
      cholecystocholangiography (if not contraindicated) the function of the
      gallbladder could be judged preoperatively. Using these methods of estimation of
      the gallbladder state intraoperatively and studying the preparations a non
      functioning (excluded) gallbladder was found in 75% of patients. It is believed
      that conservative therapy in this category of patients is unlikely to be a
      success. They are amenable to surgical treatment as soon as the reliable
      diagnosis is established.

PMID- 1198852
TI  - [Surgical treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis].
AB  - Since 1963 to 1973 in the clinic 1449 patients were treated for acute
      pancreatitis and cholecystopancreatitis. A considerable increase in the number of
      these patients was observed during recent 8 years, mainly on account of
      destructive forms. 92 patients were operated upon (6.3%), including 9 subjects
      with pancreatic edema, 39--with hemorrhagic pancreatitis, 36--with
      pancreonecrosis, 8--with purulent pancreatitis. Indications to surgical therapy
      are considered to be as follows: the presence of initial signs of diffuse
      peritonitis or prounced signs of limited peritonitis, if the conservative therapy
      during 8-10 hours was a failure.

PMID- 1198853
TI  - [Surgical treatment of peptic ulcer after gastroenterostomy].
AB  - Based on a comparison of the immediate and late results of treatment in patients
      with peptic ulcers following gastroenterostomy by means of gastric resection (24
      patients) and by vagotomy, it is concluded that vagotomy in most cases results in
      a complete cure of patients, thus this procedure is felt to be more advantageous
      than gastric resection due to its technical feasibility and small operative risk.

PMID- 1198855
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of intestinal obstruction caused by biliary calculi].
AB  - During a 20-year period among 513 patients, subjected to surgery for acute
      intestinal obstruction, the intestinal obstruction with bile stones was noted in
      10 cases. The clinical picture of cholelithic intestinal obstruction is
      characterized by an intermittent course, that would result in late
      hospitalization and a delayed surgical therapy. Among 10 patients under treatment
      there were 5 lethal issues. Despite a comparatively not infrequent spontaneous
      cure in this lesion, it is felt that active surgical measures should be employed.
      An initiated operative intervention should be as minimum as possible, i. e. be
      limited by a liquidation of the obstruction by means of removing a cholelith from
      the intestinal lumen.

PMID- 1198854
TI  - [Saving of the spleen in resection of the left-side portion of the pancreas].
AB  - Chronic pancreatitis was produced experimentally in 26 dogs, morphological
      alterations in the spleen and changes in the pancreato-splenic ligament being
      studied. On 20 cadavers the authors studied topographoanatomical correlations
      between the pancreatic tail and the spleen with its vellels, in 8 of them--under
      conditions of chronic pancreatitis. The authors have definitely demonstrated a
      possibility to preserve the spleen in resection of the left portion of the
      pancreas in chronic pancreatitis. This possibility of remaining the spleen intact
      was supported clinically in 11 cases.

PMID- 1198856
TI  - [Restoration of large-intestine continuity after formation of preternatural
      anus].

PMID- 1198857
TI  - [Effect of operations with artificial circulation on the protein balance of the
      body].
AB  - The content of total blood plasma protein and its fractions in absolute
      quantities was studied in patients with acquired and congenital heart lesions in
      different terms of the early postoperative period (82 patients) after operative
      procedures, performed under conditions of artificial blood circulation. The
      indices were compared in two groups of patients showing different regimens of
      protein loss replenishment and normalization of the protein metabolism during the
      operation and after it. There were observed considerable intraoperative losses of
      protein that remained also during 3-4 days following the operative procedure.
      Therefore, some recommendations are given as to the substitutive protein therapy.

PMID- 1198858
TI  - [Infusion of drugs through the umbilical vein].
AB  - In the clinic an infusion therapy via the umbilical vein was performed in 456
      patients with various diseases of abdominal organs. Recanalization and
      catheterization of this vessel was accomplished both by intraperitoneal and
      extraperitoneal methods. Medical drugs infused in the umbilical vein would not
      differ from those routinely used for intravenous infusion in one of caval veins.
      The clinical results obtained indicate an outright advantage of this method
      infusion, especially in suppurative lesions of the liver and bile ducts.

PMID- 1198859
TI  - [Oeration of cross autovenous shunting in post thrombophlebitic disease of the
      lower limbs].
AB  - The author reports 32 operations of cross autovenous shunting performed at the
      clinic of Leningrad Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. Late
      results during 1-7 years were followed up in 17 patients. Good results were
      gained in 5 cases, satisfactory--in 8, and poor--in 4. A phlebographic check was
      accomplished in 8 patients, the transplanted vein being patent in 3 observations.
      It is concluded that a clinical use of such operations seems to be rational.

PMID- 1198860
TI  - [Diagnostic laparotomy and splenectomy in lymphogranulomatosis in children].
AB  - Diagnostic laparotomy and splenectomy have been performed in 19 children
      suffering lymphogranulomatosis (13 primary patients, 6--treated previously). In
      11 of 19 children (56%) lymphogranulomatous foci were revealed, these would not
      be recognized by methods of a preoperative exploration, in 9 cases splenic
      involvement being noted (in 7 cases--in association with the involvement of
      splenic lymph nodes), in 2--solitary involvement of splenic lymph nodes. In
      primary patients the frequency of such findings was higher. Some complications
      are described. The operative procedures concerned are stated to be of great
      informative value.

PMID- 1198861
TI  - [Clinical course and diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in children].

PMID- 1198862
TI  - [Hydronephrosis in newborn infants].
AB  - During a 20-year period the author observed 40 newborn infants with congenital
      hydronephrosis. In 28 patients hydronephrosis of the normally developed kidney
      and in 12- of the abnormal organ was noted. Twelve patients were hospitalized for
      developmental anomalies that necessitated urgent surgical intervention, the
      diagnosis of hydronephrosis in them being established at autopsy. Twenty eight
      children were admitted to the clinic with symptoms of hydronephrosis. All
      children were operated upon, nephrectomy was performed in 18 cases, in the
      remainder-organ-preserving and corrective operative procedures were performed.

PMID- 1198863
TI  - [Convulsive mechanism of ketamine anesthesia].
AB  - Experimental studies conducted on rabbits enabled the authors to reveal the
      central mechanism of the ketamine effect. Based on the experimental data
      obtained, the authors elaborated and used clinically the method of balance
      ketamine anesthesia consisting in a combination of ketamine with antispasmatic
      drugs: seduxen and mydocalm. This method of anesthesia is recommended for
      eliminating ketamine side effects.

PMID- 1198865
TI  - [Technic of local anesthesia during esophagogastroduodenoscopy].

PMID- 1198864
TI  - [Exocrine function of the pancreas after vagotomy with economical gastric
      resection].
AB  - The authors have studied the effect of vagotomy, associated with an economic
      gastric resection, on exocrinous function of the pancreas and compared the
      sequelae of selective and trunkal vagotomy in this respect. The secretin and
      vagus mechanisms of secretion are analysed. Ten investigations were carried out
      in patients with duodenal ulcerous disease prior to surgery, and in 68 patients
      within the terms up to 3 years postoperatively. Vagotomy results in a reliable
      decrease of the basal amount of pancreatic secretion in maintaining the response
      to stimulation with hydrochloric acid and insulin hypoglycemia. Changes in
      exocrinous function of the pancreas were found to be identical after trunkal and
      selective vagotomy.

PMID- 1198866
TI  - [Results of repeated operations after primary nerve suture].
AB  - The results of repeat suturing of 124 nerves following a failure of the initial
      intervention are analysed. In most cases nerves were injured at the level of the
      forearm (67%). A delay of the reoperation ranged from 1 month 19 days to 2 years
      11 months, more frequently 3-6 months. The results were studied basing on a
      clinical investigation with grade estimation of muscular strength and
      sensitivity, measuring skin temperature, perspiration rate and the use of
      electrophysiological methods.

PMID- 1198867
TI  - [Remote results of alloplastic reconstruction of cruciform ligaments of the knee
      joint].
AB  - The results of plastic reconstruction of genicular crucial ligaments with a
      Lavsan implant are reported. The results obtained were estimated basing on the
      analysis of clinico-roentgenological findings in 120 patients within the terms
      from 1 to 12 years following surgical therapy. The issues of reconstruction of
      one of crucial ligaments are reported as well as the results of operations for
      the damage to several ligaments of the knee joint. The data obtained were
      assessed using the 2 mark system and in 94.6% the results were regarded as being
      favourable and satisfactory.

PMID- 1198868
TI  - [Clinico-experimental study of different types of allotenoplasty].
AB  - The results of an experimental study carried out on 140 rabbits with the aim to
      investigate auto- and allotendinoplasty are briefly described. General clinical,
      morphological, lymphographic and histochemical data allowed a conclusion as to
      the presence of a decreased lymphoido-plasmocytic reaction as the process of
      replacement of conserved allogenic grafts by connective tissue proceeded.
      Clinical utilization of conserved tendinous allografts in 32 patients in
      restoration of 41 injured digital tendons revealed positive aspects of this kind
      of tendinoplasty.

PMID- 1198869
TI  - [Homoplastic reconstruction of the Achilles tendon].
AB  - The authors suggest a new type of plastic reconstruction of the Achilles tendon,
      using homotendons of fibular muscles. After this technic 60 patients were
      operated upon, the immediate and late results of the treatment were studied.
      Positive issues of this therapy obtained in 59 patients enabled the authors to
      recommend this method of surgical reconstruction of injured Achilles tendons for
      the orthopedo-traumatological practice.

PMID- 1198870
TI  - [Rehabilitation of patients with fractures of humeral diaphysis and radial nerve
      injury].
AB  - Under observation were 27 patients, treated during the period of 1969-1973, with
      fractures of the brachial diaphysis and injury of the radial nerve. These
      patients showed temporary impairment of the radial nerve conductivity: in 21
      cases immediately after the trauma, in 6--after operative intervention on the
      bone. Along with the treatment using orthopedo-surgical methods the complex of
      rehabilitation measures was employed. A special attention is given to labour
      therapy.

PMID- 1198871
TI  - Cytology of tracheobronchial aspirates in horses.
AB  - Tracheobronchial aspirates were obtained from 27 normal horses and from 57 horses
      with respiratory disease. Aspirates from normal horses contained mainly ciliated
      columnar epithelial cells, mononuclear cells, a few neutrophils and mucus.
      Aspirates from horses with acute suppurative bronchopneumonias or chronic
      bronchiolitis had predominantly neutrophils and usually large amounts of mucus;
      in severe suppurative inflammatory diseases, many of the cells were degenerated,
      and there were coils of fibrinous material resembling Curschmann's spirals.
      Eosinophils were rarely found, even from horses with histories suggestive of
      allergic respiratory disease. Aspirates from horses with epistaxis frequently had
      macrophages with intracytoplasmic green globules (hemosiderin). Tracheobronchial
      aspirates occasionally revealed subclinical lung disease. Four horses with no
      clinical signs of lung disease and lungs that were unremarkable on percussion and
      normal on auscultation had adpirates suggestive of inflammation; histologic
      examination confirmed bronchiolitis.

PMID- 1198872
TI  - Morphological and histochemical observations on renal microbodies in cats.
AB  - The diaminobenzidine method for catalase showed two distinct morphological
      populations of renal microbodies in healthy mature cats of both sexes.
      Microbodies in the proximal convoluted tubules, which in this species also
      contain abdundant neutral lipids, were polyhedral and had distinct marginal
      plates. Those in the remaining renal tubules, which are lipid-free, were rounder
      and less uniform in size. Both forms of microbodies had homogenous granular
      matrices without nuceloides. The morphological variations of the microbodies may
      depend on their association with renal lipids. The cat may serve as a model to
      explore functional or pathological relationships between microbodies and fat
      metabolism.

PMID- 1198873
TI  - Pathogenesis of sialodacryoadenitis in gnotobiotic rats.
AB  - The pathogenesis of sialodacryoadenitis was studied in gnotobiotic CD rats
      inoculated intranasally with the causal virus. Virus replication was detected
      sequentially in the nasopharynx, tracheobronchial tree, cervical lymph nodes,
      submaxillary and parotid salivary glands, exorbital gland, and Harderian gland.
      Acute rhinitis appeared within 2 days after inoculation, and salivary glands had
      lesions in 4 days. Early changes in salivary and exorbital glands were
      characterized by necrosis of ductal epithelium, which rapidly progressed to
      widespread acinar necrosis, marked inflammation, edema and total effacement of
      glandular architecture. Harderian glands also had massive necrosis of
      tubuloalveolar units. Repair in all glands was characterized by marked squamous
      metaplasia of tubuloalveolar units. Repair in all glands was characterized by
      marked squamous metaplasia of ducts. Neutralizing and complement-fixing
      antibodies were detected in 7 days, and there was a concomitant decrease in
      tissue-virus titers. There was no detectable evidence for hematogenous spread of
      virus or for retrograde infection by way of major salivary ducts.

PMID- 1198874
TI  - Old dog encephalitis and demyelinating diseases in man.
AB  - Pathologic findings in mature dogs with old dog encephalitis were compared with
      the findings in multiple sclerosis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and
      neuromyelitis optica in man. Fluorescent antibody studies in animal and human
      tissues were compared. Optic neuritis in dogs with chronic distemper shows
      changes similar to those in the optic tract of human patients with severe
      demyelinating disease. The pathologic changes in multiple sclerosis, such as
      perivascular infiltration with lymphocytes, plasma cells and demyelination are
      similar to those seen in old dog encephalitis. Demyelination in old dog
      encephalitis is usually diffuse. The findings strongly support a possible
      relationship of old dog encephalitis to multiple sclerosis, subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis, and neuromyelitis optica.

PMID- 1198875
TI  - A practical application of metabolic profiles.

PMID- 1198876
TI  - Correspondence: Tumours in horses encountered in an abattoir survey.

PMID- 1198877
TI  - Letter: An anthrax outbreak.

PMID- 1198878
TI  - Editorial: Second best service for the UK?

PMID- 1198879
TI  - Mycoplasmas and cuffing pneumonia in a group of calves.
AB  - The mycoplasmas found in the lungs of 20 calves, housed together for six months,
      and the related pulmonary pathology are reported. Twelve calves had cuffing
      pneumonia and in this group there was a significantly higher isolation frequency
      of Mycoplasma dispar and Ureaplasma spp compared with the non-pneumonic group.
      Mycoplasma bovirhinis and Acholeplasma laidlawii were isolated from the lungs of
      calves in both groups. Mycoplasma arginini was not recovered from the lungs of
      any calf. The significance of the peribronchiolar lymphocytic accumulation in the
      lungs of the non-pneumonic animals and their differentiation from peribronchiolar
      lymphocytic cuffs is discussed.

PMID- 1198880
TI  - The role of radiotherapy in veterinary practice.
AB  - It is common knowledge today that cancer is by no means an incurable disease and
      therefore it is no longer necessary to propose euthanasia for all inoperable
      cases of malignant neoplasia. The veterinary surgeon has a duty to inform his
      client of current methods of treatment, particularly radiotherapy, which may
      possibly provide a cure or prolong life without pain for several months. This
      article outlines the availability and usefulness of this important line of
      treatment.

PMID- 1198881
TI  - Immunity to contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.

PMID- 1198882
TI  - Detection of Salmonella infection in pig herds by examination of slurry.

PMID- 1198883
TI  - Unexpected reactions to the use of CT 1341 by red-tailed hawks.

PMID- 1198884
TI  - Letter: New system of energy standards for feeding cattle and sheep.

PMID- 1198885
TI  - Editorial: An epidemiological study in suckler calves.

PMID- 1198886
TI  - The epidemiology of the "collapse syndrome" in suckled calves.
AB  - Cases of a diarrhoeic syndrome characterised by acute collapse were seen in
      single-suckled beef calves on hill farms during a three year period. The
      association between the occurrence of this syndrome, which we have termed the
      "collapse syndrome", and various epidemiological parameters, is investigated and
      discussed.

PMID- 1198887
TI  - Caesarian section in the mare.

PMID- 1198888
TI  - Acute respiratory distress in dogs.

PMID- 1198889
TI  - Isolation of a Mycoplasma from the intestinal tract of cattle.

PMID- 1198890
TI  - The efficacy of fenbendazole in the control of trematodes and cestodes.

PMID- 1198892
TI  - Correspondence: Preventive medicine--40 years on.

PMID- 1198891
TI  - Problems encountered during induced foaling in pony mares.

PMID- 1198893
TI  - Letter: Diagnosing equine infectious anaemia.

PMID- 1198894
TI  - Letter: Atrophic rhinitis in pigs.

PMID- 1198895
TI  - Letter: Forebodings on Aujesky's disease.

PMID- 1198896
TI  - Letter: Student selection in the veterinary schools.

PMID- 1198897
TI  - [Effect of extreme conditions of the environment (high temperature) on the size
      of the heart in healthy persons (according to the X-ray data)].

PMID- 1198898
TI  - [Measurement of blood flow velocity in the aorta by cineroentgenodensitometric
      method].

PMID- 1198899
TI  - [State of the vessels of the pulmonary circulation in certain forms of
      nonspecific lung diseases].

PMID- 1198900
TI  - [Tomography in the diagnosis of lung infarcts and their complications].

PMID- 1198901
TI  - [X-ray image of lung injury in blunt injuries of the chest].

PMID- 1198902
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis and differential diagnosis of metastatic lung neoplasms].

PMID- 1198903
TI  - [X-ray image of the lungs in patients subjected to auxiliary artificial
      respiration after thoracic surgery].

PMID- 1198904
TI  - [Deformities and deviations of the esophagus caused by enlarged, bifurcated lymph
      nodes and sclerotic changes in the aorta].

PMID- 1198905
TI  - [Roentgenoanatomy of the thoracic duct].

PMID- 1198906
TI  - [Anatomo-functional changes in the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs depending
      on the nature of valve insufficiency of the main veins].

PMID- 1198907
TI  - [Current possibilities of x-ray examination in cardiology without contrast
      media].

PMID- 1198908
TI  - [Method of intubation laryngotomography].

PMID- 1198909
TI  - [Radiation-hygienic basis of exposure conditions in medical radiography].

PMID- 1198910
TI  - [Characteristics of planning and equipment of roentgen rooms of the screening
      centers].

PMID- 1198911
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of scleroma of the respiratory tract].

PMID- 1198912
TI  - [Case of abscess of the accessory lobe of the lung].

PMID- 1198913
TI  - [Detection of esophageal diseases by certain "guiding" signs in fluorography of
      the chest].

PMID- 1198914
TI  - [Case of intravitally detected esophageal rupture].

PMID- 1198915
TI  - [Study of Vibrio strains isolated from swine].
AB  - Antigen and biochemical studies were carried out of nine Vibrio strains isolated
      from pigs, testing their pathogenicity and toxicity for experimental animals.
      According to their biochemical behaviour six of the strains were shown to belong
      to type I, three--to subtype I, and on the grounds of their antigenic
      characteristics six belonged to type I and three--to type II. It was found that
      the strains producing hydrogen sulfide were more weakly pathogenic and toxic. No
      substantial differences were found between the strains isolated from miscarrying
      and normally farrowing sowa originating from pig breeding farms with a record of
      vibriosis.

PMID- 1198916
TI  - [Study of cows experimentally infected with atypical mycobacteria].
AB  - Cows were infected subcutaneously with Mycobacterium aquae, Mycobacterium
      fortuitum, Micobacterium vaccae, and Mycobacterium smegmatis. The investigations
      carried out on the thirtieth day following infection revealed allergic reaction
      in all cows with close variations when avian and bovine tuberculin were used. The
      complement-fixation test with blood sera pointed to the presence of specific
      antibodies for the Mycobacterium genus. The histopathologic reaction in the lymph
      nodes, established after the slaughter of the animals on the 45th day of
      infection, was a proliferative-infiltrative one, the epitheloid cells being
      located at the periphery of the trabecules. Giant cells and necroses were
      missing.

PMID- 1198918
TI  - [Isolation of Toxoplasma strains via the digestive method].
AB  - Tested was the effectiveness of the digestive method for the isolation of
      Toxoplasma strains. This method was used to study the musculature of the
      diaphragm in 80 sheep, 40 cattle, and 80 pigs. Isolated were one strain that was
      pathogenic and 3 apathogenic strains for albino mice. They were found only in the
      diaphragm of sheep. It is believed that the digestive method is effective for the
      isolation of Toxoplasma strains.

PMID- 1198917
TI  - [Effect of a ration with a varying amount of fat and protein of plant and
      synthetic origin on some indices of ruminal content and of the blood in lactating
      sheep].
AB  - The pH value of the rumen content in lactating ewes given sunflower expeller was
      7.10, and that in ewes given urea was 6.70. The amount of ammonia in the rumen of
      ewes fed expeller was at a dependable lower level than the amount of ammonia with
      ewes fed urea. In animals fed expeller with the ration the blood sugar, protein,
      and lipids were higher, while acetone, beta-oxibutyric acid, and cholesterin
      dropped. In urea feeding, the levels of acetone, betaoxibutyric acid, and
      cholesterin rose, while blood sugar, protein, and lipids were lower. The Ca, P,
      Na, K, and Fe contents as well as the activity of the SGOT and SGPT enzymes in
      the blood of lactating ewes did not change essentially except for the amounts of
      Mg and Cu.

PMID- 1198919
TI  - [Histochemical tracing of the iron in the body of piglets injected with an iron
      dextran preparation].
AB  - A comparative study was carried out with thirteen pigs, aged 1 to 3 days, to
      follow up the resorption and distribution of the Bulgarian iron-dextran
      preparations Ferdex-100, Dextrofer-75, A-100, and Miofer-100 in the body.
      Histochemically, an activation of the reticulo-endothelial system was
      established. Most macrophages that had phagocytised iron were established in the
      regional lymph nodes, followed by the liver, kidneys, marrow, while in the spleen
      their count was negligible. Using the histochemical reaction for the
      demonstration of iron in the viscera it was established that the A-100
      preparation was best utilized by the organism. It was concluded that by the
      amounts of iron found in some organs it even exceeded Miofer-100.

PMID- 1198920
TI  - Reconstitution of potato virus X in vitro. I. Properties of the dissociated
      protein structural subunits.

PMID- 1198921
TI  - Comparative studies of two viroids: analysis of potato spindle tuber and citrus
      exocortis viroids by RNA fingerprinting and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1198922
TI  - Characterization of the viral inhibitory factor (VIF) demonstrable in adenovirus
      induced tumor and transformed cells. I. Effect on DNA and viral capsid protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 1198923
TI  - Polyadenylate sequences of fowl plague virus complementary RNA (cRNA) synthesized
      in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 1198924
TI  - Energy-dependent activation of the temperature-sensitive DNA polymerases induced
      by bacteriophage T4 gene 43 mutants.

PMID- 1198925
TI  - Two suppressor loci for gene 49 mutations of bacteriophage T4. I. Genetic
      properties and DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1198926
TI  - Two suppressor loci for gene 49 mutations of bacteriophage T4. II. DNA and capsid
      maturation.

PMID- 1198927
TI  - Characterization of transcriptase and replicase particles isolated from reovirus
      infected cells.

PMID- 1198928
TI  - Fingerprint analyses of cytoplasmic adenovirus 2 RNA size classes synthesized
      late in productive infection.

PMID- 1198929
TI  - Polypeptides of mammalian oncornaviruses. IV. Structural components of murine
      leukemia virus released as soluble antigens in cell culture.

PMID- 1198930
TI  - Detection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-specific nucleotide sequences in DNA
      isolated from latently infected Detroit 6 cells.

PMID- 1198931
TI  - Hyperpolarizing photoreceptors in the eye of a primitive chordate, Salpa
      democratica.

PMID- 1198932
TI  - Enhancement of averaged evoked responses to brief flashes after offset of
      preexposed light stimulation: a critical moment.

PMID- 1198933
TI  - The effect of borders and contours on threshold during early dark adaptation.

PMID- 1198934
TI  - Movement aftereffects contingent on the colour or pattern of a stationary
      surround.

PMID- 1198935
TI  - Simultaneous motion contrast: velocity, sensitivity and depth response.

PMID- 1198936
TI  - Local retinal adaptation and spatial frequency channels.

PMID- 1198937
TI  - Receptive fields and firing patterns of sustained cells in the cat visual cortex.

PMID- 1198938
TI  - The ocular dominance of cortical neurons in cats developed with divergent and
      convergent squint.

PMID- 1198939
TI  - Saccadic eye movement latencies to multimodal stimuli. Intersubject variability
      and temporal efficiency.

PMID- 1198940
TI  - Slow oculomotor control in the presence of moving backgrounds.

PMID- 1198941
TI  - Optimization of the presentation pattern in automated static perimetry.

PMID- 1198942
TI  - [The checkerboard pattern, an only binocularly perceived flicker pattern].

PMID- 1198943
TI  - Letter: The Pulfrich effect and short-term memory in stereopsis.

PMID- 1198944
TI  - Subjective patterns elicited by light flicker.

PMID- 1198945
TI  - The effects of target orientation on threshold during early dark adaptation.

PMID- 1198946
TI  - Temporal summation in a photoreceptor: dependence on response magnitude.

PMID- 1198947
TI  - [Bifascicular blockade in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1198948
TI  - [Follow-up of lactic and pyruvic acid values in acute myocardial ischemia].

PMID- 1198949
TI  - [Effect of mesocaine on the heart conduction system in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1198950
TI  - [Osmotic pressure in the blood and urine after loading in patients rehabilitated
      after myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1198951
TI  - [Myocardial infarct in diabetic patients of the Most region].

PMID- 1198952
TI  - [Lipids and lipoproteins in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1198953
TI  - [Importance of cortisone-glucose tolerance test as an examination method for
      early detection of disturbed glycide tolerance].

PMID- 1198954
TI  - [Metabolic disturbances of hormonogenesis and thyroid diseases].

PMID- 1198955
TI  - [Experiences with localization of urinary infection in clinical practice].

PMID- 1198956
TI  - [Immunoglobulins and basic fractions of serum proteins in patients under chronic
      intermittent hemodialysis program].

PMID- 1198957
TI  - [Experiences with chemotherapy in patients with plasmacytoma].

PMID- 1198958
TI  - [Lung changes in polymyositis].

PMID- 1198959
TI  - [Permanent cardiostimulation].

PMID- 1198960
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of some absolute and relative indices of
      hemodynamics in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1198961
TI  - [Kinetocardiography in healthy school-age children].

PMID- 1198962
TI  - [Nonspecific immunity and sensitization indices in arterial hypertension and
      hypotension in school-age children].

PMID- 1198963
TI  - [Peripheral vascular resistance in healthy and rheumatic children].

PMID- 1198964
TI  - [Role of assessing the functional state of the myocardium in children with
      interventricular septal defects and high pulmonary hypertension before pulmonary
      artery stenosis].

PMID- 1198965
TI  - [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children].

PMID- 1198966
TI  - [Importance of vectorelectrocardiography in the diagnosis of certain
      cardiovascular system changes in the immediate postoperative period in children
      with bronchopulmonary pathology].

PMID- 1198968
TI  - [Sickle cell anemia in children].

PMID- 1198967
TI  - [Karyological studies in acquired aplastic and hypoplastic anemias in children].

PMID- 1198969
TI  - [Hexokinase activity in the leukocytes and erythrocytes of newborn infants with
      chronic and acute hypoxia].

PMID- 1198970
TI  - [Dynamics of the functional state of the peripheral blood leukocytes and of the
      replacement of erythrocyte populations in the newborn].

PMID- 1198971
TI  - [Clinical aspects, characteristics of the course and the surgical treatment of
      cephalohematomas].

PMID- 1198972
TI  - [Change in the estrogen and progesterone levels in the process of labor induced
      by the intravenous administration of prostaglandin F2alpha and oxytocin].

PMID- 1198973
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of methods of determining the weight of the intrauterine
      fetus].

PMID- 1198974
TI  - [Therapeutic gymnastics and its effect on the cardiovascular system in arterial
      hypotension in pregnant women].

PMID- 1198975
TI  - [Hemolytic crisis in a child with a familial glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
      deficit].

PMID- 1198976
TI  - [Course of isolated myocarditis in children].

PMID- 1198977
TI  - [A case of congenital total atrioventricular block in children].

PMID- 1198978
TI  - [Organization of a polyclinical department for prophylactic examinations of
      children].

PMID- 1198979
TI  - [Trace element content and the copper oxidase activity in the blood and placenta
      in premature labor].

PMID- 1198980
TI  - [Prevention of labor complications using electroanalgesia].

PMID- 1198981
TI  - [Utilization of mathematical modeling of the pharmacokinetics for working out the
      optimal regimens of antibiotic administration in pediatric practice].

PMID- 1198982
TI  - [Hormonal correlations in hyperplasia of the breasts in women with ovulatory
      cycles].
AB  - An excretion of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogens, pregnandiol,
      17-KS, vaginal cytology were studied in 22 patients with dyshormonal hyperplasias
      of mammary glands and in 12 healthy females with ovulatory cycles. The age of
      patients under study ranged from 20 to 49 years. The patients showed a higher
      level of excretion of FSH, estriol, pregnandiol and a lower level of 17-KS
      excretion than healthy persons.

PMID- 1198983
TI  - [Correlation of some nitrogenous compounds in the blood and tissues of tumor
      bearing rabbits in hyperglycemia].
AB  - In rabbits transplanted Brown-Pearce carcinoma the content of nitrous compounds
      in tissues is changed in a different way: in the liver and kidneys -- nitrous
      compounds are accumulated, while in cardiac and skeletal muscles their
      concentration is diminished. It is found that tumor cells in mice with Ehrlich
      carcinoma accumulate radioactive aminoacid considerably faster than adjacent
      tissues not involved by neoplasma. A continuous glucose administration in tumor
      bearing rabbits renders a marked nitrogen-saving effect by means of attenuation
      of catabolism of myoproteins, as a result of it the balance between the processes
      of synthesis and catabolism in host tissues is shifted toward synthesis.

PMID- 1198984
TI  - [Characteristics of the reproduction of Djungarian hamsters in captivity and
      spontaneous tumors].
AB  - Breeding behavior and fertility of the Djungarian hamster (D. h.) -- Phodopus
      sungorus campbelli Th-during 8 years (1966-1973) have shown that this hamster
      species is a suitable laboratory animal. The decline of breeding in winter
      months, observed in the first years of maintaining D. h. in our laboratory,
      became less pronounced in the last three years. D. h. seems to be resistant to
      common infections of laboratory animals. The only infection observed in D. h. was
      on outbreak of trichophytosis which was successfully liquidated. Spontaneous
      tumors developed in 130 of 1277 D. h. (10%). Mammary carcinoma, squamous cancer
      of the skin and lung tumors prevailed. In the recent years, the incidence of
      mammary carcinoma became higher, whereas the frequency of skin tumors was
      decreased.

PMID- 1198985
TI  - [Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on the carcinogenic activity of overheated
      sunflower seed oil].
AB  - Non-pedigree rats were injected subcutaneously either overheated oil or the oil
      and one of unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, oleic acids), or
      overheated oil and fresh oil. The greatest number of tumors in earlier terms
      occurred in the group of rats not receiving fatty acids. In simultaneous
      injection of overheated sunflower oil and fatty acids (oleic and linolenic), as
      well as fresh oil, tumors would arise considerably more rarely. Whereas, in
      injection of overheated sunflower oil and linoleic acid tumors did not arise at
      all. The mechanism of an inhibitory action of fatty acids on tumor development is
      discussed.

PMID- 1198986
TI  - [Lung cancer discovered in the preclinical phase of development].

PMID- 1198987
TI  - [Sarcoidosis of the tongue with rapid generalization of the process (1 case)].

PMID- 1198988
TI  - [Therapeutic tactics in treatment of patients with cranio-cerebral injury and
      alcoholic intoxication].
AB  - Case-histories of 1077 victims of cerebro-cranial injuries, 38 per cent of whom
      were admitted in the state of alcoholic ebriation, were analyzed. Alcoholic
      ebriation was found to materially change the clinical picture of the cerebro
      cranial trauma, simulating, sometimes, a picture of a traumatic brain lesion.
      Curative measures aimed at the treatment of the traumatic lesion of the brain
      were applied in a complex set, depending upon the nature and the severity of the
      cerebro-cranial injury, the phase (stage) and degree of alcoholic ebriation.

PMID- 1198989
TI  - [Significance of morphological changes in the middle meningeal arteries in the
      development of epidural hematomas after mild cerebro-cranial injury].
AB  - Among 58 patients with epidural hematomas in 8 cases they developed following a
      light cerebro-cranial injury with no fractured cranial bones. In 26 patients who
      died of diverse causes a histological examination of median meningeal arteries
      disclosed the presence of focal elastofibrosis, atrophy of the central layer,
      deposition of lime, cleavage of the elastic membrane, atherosclerosis,
      thrombogenesis, acute inflammatory process, formation of non-traumatic sacular
      and arterio-venous aneurysm. These alterations, especially the sacular and
      arterio-venous aneurysms, may be causative of blood effusion into the epidural
      space and lead to the development of hematomas following a slight injury of the
      head.

PMID- 1198990
TI  - [Experience with 60 frontal myelotomies in treatment of spastic manifestations in
      patients with injuries of the spine and spinal cord].
AB  - A 10-year experience gained in the surgical treatment of spastic manifestations
      in patients with the injured vetebral column and spinal cord is summarized. In 57
      cases a total of 60 modified Bischof's operations were performed. A clinical
      classification has been worked out, at the basis of which there are the intensity
      and frequency of synergies. Spasticity disappeared in 54 of the patients operated
      upon. The elimination of the synergy, hypertonicity, mono- and pplysynaptic
      reflexes created favourable conditions for a subsequent rehabilitative therapy,
      which included walking and self-service training. Myelotomy proved quite
      effective irrespective of the time lapsed from the moment of injury.

PMID- 1198991
TI  - [System of programmed control of an in- and outflow device for long-term
      irrigation of the bladder].
AB  - A unique apparatus for programmed monitoring of Monro's system in patients with
      affections and lesions of the spinal cord is described. The apparatus assembly
      includes a 2-mode time relay, retention device, electric magnet with a core and
      two half-rings. The compactness and ruggedness of the unit enables its use under
      any conditions. The reliability of its construction has stood the test of its
      long-term continuous operation. Thanks to the presence of the program time relay
      the cyclic recurrence of the urinary bladder lavage is strictly adhered to.

PMID- 1198992
TI  - [Study of muscular evoked potentials by the built-up current in diagnosis of
      nerve injuries].
AB  - In 129 patients the diagnosis was defined over periods from 1 month to 2 years
      following the damage of the nerves with the help of myopotentials evoked through
      stimulation of the nerves with batches (charges) of a built-up current of varying
      frequency lasting for 1 second. With the lability of the neuro-muscular system
      falling from 35 down to 10 pulses/sec, a reduced amplitude of periliminal peak
      potentials, post-tetanic after-potentials and in the absence of pessimal
      inhibition of up to 1000 pulses/sec the operative treatment is, as a rule, not
      indicated. Late after injury and with a low amplitude of evoked myopotentials,
      falling down to 5--26 mug, an amplitude transformation from 2 up to 10
      pulses/sec, the absence of periliminal rising peak potentials and post-tetanic
      after-potentials (spikes) surgery is commonly indicated. The operative
      intervention is also indicated in the absence of all types of the evoked
      myopotentials when this is combined with other factors.

PMID- 1198993
TI  - [Possibilities of measurement of impedance by the use of long-range intracerebral
      electrodes].
AB  - An investigation of constituents in the complex (overall) resistance of deep
      lying brain structures of patients with hyperkinesis treated by employing
      implanted electrodes helped disclose some specific features common to the
      impedance of conduction pathways, ventricles and some basal ganglia. The actual
      value of the impedance depends upon the technical peculiarities of the method.
      The latter does not permit it to identify the position of the electrodes amidsts
      various cellular structures, but is of a definite value in defining more
      accurately the localization of electrodes and in identifying them.

PMID- 1198994
TI  - [Architectonics of the branch-forming veins passing through the emissaries of the
      cranial vault].
AB  - The structure of the veins forming the frontal, occiputal, mastoidal and
      sinciputal veins--emissaries was studied on 48 human cadavers by using various
      methods of silver-staining and a delicate anatomic sectioning and examination of
      the impregnated material with a binocular magnifying glass. The architectonics of
      these veins showed the drainage of the venous blood from the soft tissues of the
      cranial vault and its periosteum to proceed predominantly under normal condtions
      into the sinuses of the dura mater.

PMID- 1198995
TI  - [USSR Scientific Patent Department of Neurotraumatology].

PMID- 1198996
TI  - [Problems of treatment of contusions and dislocations of the brain].
AB  - The clinical course and prognosis in the event of a severe cerebrocrainial trauma
      depend, above all, on the extent of the contusion and smashing of the brain
      sustained. The pathogenetic factor of prime importance determining the severity
      of the contusion is the development of the local and general cerebral edema.
      Rapidly accuring edema and turgescence of the brain, rising intracranial pressure
      lead to the dislocation of the brain attended by a clinical picture of a grave
      secondary lesion of the brain stem. To eliminate or prevent the emergence of the
      dislocation syndrome an operative removal of the primary contusion focus and
      concussory treatment of the brain in combination with the pathogenetic
      conservative therapy, aimed at preventing further progressive edema of the brain,
      are indicated in some of such patients.

PMID- 1198997
TI  - [Angiography in cancer metastasis to the brain].
AB  - Cranio- and angiographic examinations of 89 patients with nodular metastases of
      cancer into the brain, observed at the N.N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery
      over a period of 1959 through 1973, are analyzed. Consideration was also given to
      the duration of anamnesis, to the presence of congestive manifestations on the
      eye fundus and to their intensity. Main angiographic signs characteristic of
      carcinomas metastases into the brain, viz. the nature of the cerebral vessels
      displacement, the structure of the tumours vasculature, the sources of the
      tumours blood supply and the routes of the blood drainage from metastases, etc.
      are presented. Major differential-diagnostic distinctions among metastatic
      cancers, gliomas and meningiomas are listed. An analysis of angiograms with due
      consideration of anamnestic data and clinical symptoms enables it to establish in
      most case a differential diagnosis as against primary brain tumours.

PMID- 1198998
TI  - [Characteristics of a stable long-term cell line obtained from a dedifferentiated
      human astrocytoma].
AB  - There has been obtained and is being maintained in vitro for over 12 years a
      stable cellular line DAPT, derived from a dedifferentiated human astrocytoma. In
      monolayer cultures the cells have passed 270 times. During 22 month (63 passages)
      the cells had a fibroblast-like shape, their growth having thereafter assumed an
      epithelioid character. On being impregnated with chlorous gold after Ramon-and
      Kachal the cellular cytoplasma is stained purple-violet. In the periods of the
      fibroblast-like and epithelioid growth the time of the population doubling was
      145 and 74 hours, respectively. The mitotic index amounted to 18%. When
      investigated during the 3d (106th passage) and 11th (250th passage) years of its
      cultivation the population consisted largely of cells containing 60-65
      chromosomes. The carotype of the DAPT cells retained the main traits common to
      the structure of the human caryotype. After 7-9 months of cultivation (16-25th
      passages) the DAPT cells demonstrated the presence therein of an active
      glutamineketoacidic aminotransferase. Further on the activity of the enzyme
      declined. Factors influencing the changeability of the stable cellular DAPT line
      are discussed.

PMID- 1198999
TI  - [Acid phosphatase activity in cultures of glial tumors].
AB  - With 18 glial brain tumours serving as a base material the activity of acid
      phosphatase was studied dynamically in the course of cultivation. The enzyme is
      demonstrable both in differentiated and actively proliferating cells, as well as
      in those showing signs of dystrophy. The enzyme was found to display chiefly a
      moderate activity in monomorphic tumour cells, its content being higher in
      atypical neoplastic cells. A significantly rising activity of the acid
      phosphatase was discovered in cells presenting dystrophic and necrobiotic
      alterations.

PMID- 1199000
TI  - [The clinical picture and course of acoustic neurinoma in advanced age].
AB  - Specificity marking the evolution and clinical picture of acoustic neurinoma in
      persons of advanced age is described. A great interest of the cases under study
      consists in that quite often the clinical picture and the course of the disease
      in this age category are atypical, this being due to the age of the patients and
      intercurrent, most often vascular diseases of the brain.

PMID- 1199001
TI  - [The structure of the arteries of the base of the brain in saccular aneurysms].
AB  - In 100 autopsy observations with saccular aneurysms of diverse localization the
      structure of arteries at the base of the brain was studied. In 26 per cent of the
      cases this structure was of the normal or "classic" type. In some instances there
      could be detected deviations from the "classic" type, with a tendency in certain
      localization of the aneurysm towards hypoplasia of the proximal length of the
      anterior cerebral artery. Frequently encountered divergences from the "classic"
      type of the structure come as a result of a delayed development of the vessels at
      the base of the brain during early stages of ontogenesis.

PMID- 1199002
TI  - [Topographo-anatomic interrelationships between the branches of the lumbar
      arteries and the spinal ganglia, nerves and roots].
AB  - By using a complex of investigation methods variants of branchingout of the
      spinal cord and spinal ganglia blood supply sources and their anatomo-topographic
      interrelations were discerned in 140 preparations of lumbar spinal ganglia
      obtained from human cadavers of both sexes and different age. With the help of
      anastomoses these sources form a specific arterial circle around the ganglion.
      The radicular arteries are noted to be non-equivalent. The annular architectonics
      of the blood vessels is considered as a morphological manifestation of a
      functionally reliable blood supply to the border area between the central and
      peripheral divisions of the nervous system.

PMID- 1199003
TI  - [Prolonged catheterization of the superficial temporal artery for repeated
      angiography].
AB  - A method of a long-term retrograde catheterization of the superficial temporal
      artery for performance of a repeated angiographic investigation following
      operations for saccular aneurysms of the cerebral vessels is described. The
      proposed procedure was successfully empolyed in 7 patients without any
      complications.

PMID- 1199004
TI  - [Vertebrogenic lumbosacral radiculitis unrelated to disk herniation].
AB  - A classification of changes in the inferior lumbar portion of the spine that
      cause radicular pain and symptoms not amenable to concervative therapy is given.
      In most cases the said changes can be educed through a clinico-roentgenological
      investigation. Anatomical data bear proof to the presence of structural variants
      in which, in case of an intercurrent osteochondrosis without hernia of the disc,
      the compression of the root becomes quite probable. The classification lists
      changes that should be looked for when no hernia of the disc could be detected
      and lays emphasis on the multiplicity of causes accounting for the emergence of
      vertebrogenic radiculitis.

PMID- 1199005
TI  - [A method of venous occlusion plethysmography for quantitative study of
      peripheral hemodynamics in cranio-cerebral trauma].
AB  - A method of quantitative investigation of the peripheral blood flow (in ml/100
      cm3/min) involving the use of venous occlusion plethysmography is described.
      Mathematical procedures applied in processing the arterial in flow curves are
      adduced. Conditions attending an investigation of the blood flow in the forearm
      vessels are depicted. The expediency of a bilateral examination of the peripheral
      circulation and vascular resistance in a cerebro-cranial injury is shown, there
      being, as a rule, a considerable asymmetry between the sides.

PMID- 1199006
TI  - [Two cases of chordoma of the base of the skull].

PMID- 1199007
TI  - [Hydrolytic splitting of vitamin A esters in the blood].
AB  - The retinol and retinylpalmitate content along with the retinylacetate and
      retinylpalmitate-hydrolase in the blood of the portal vein and in the peripheral
      blood from the superficial vein of the hind limb of dogs was determined in
      chronic experiments before and 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after administration of the
      vitamin A preparations into the small intestine fistula. The introduction of an
      oily retinylacetate solution into the fistula was attended both by an increase of
      the retinylpalmitate content in the blood plasma and the appearance therein of
      the retinyl-palmitat-hydrolase activity. Introduction of an aquous-colloidal
      solution of retinyl-palmitate caused a rise in the latter's content in the blood
      but was not accompanied by the appearance of the retinyl-palmitate-hydrolase
      activity. In the blood taken on an empty stomach no capacity for retinyl
      palmitate hydrolysis was in evidence. It is presumed that the emergence of the
      retinyl-palmitate activity in the blood following introduction of precisely the
      oily retinylacetate solution is due to an intensified supply of the pancreatic
      enzymes into the blood in response to the fat load. The retinylacetate-hydrolase
      activity was continually present in the blood and did not vary in its intensity
      in the dynamics of absorption.

PMID- 1199008
TI  - [Influence of vitamin A on the sialoglycoproteids and the electrophoretic
      motility of erythrocytes].
AB  - Tests conducted on albino rats with experimental avitaminosis and
      hypervitaminosis A provide evidence that vitamin A has an influence on
      sialoglycoproteids and on the electrophoretic motility of erythrocytes. In the
      states under study there is observed an appreciable fall in the hemoglobin and
      sialic acids content in the erythrocytes, the electrophoretic motility of the
      latter being on the decrease. These data support the opinion according to which
      optimal amounts of vitamin A are needed for a normal functioning of the red blood
      cells.

PMID- 1199009
TI  - [Sodium retaining effect of a solution of citric acid mixed with K and Ca
      chlorides under the intermittent influence of heat].

PMID- 1199010
TI  - [Analysis by means of pancreatozymin of the degree of parallelism of secretion of
      pancreatic enzymes in healthy persons and patients with chronic pancreatitis].
AB  - In 14 normal individuals and in 28 patients with chronic recurrent pancreatitis
      the total secretion of amylase, lipase and trypsin, as well as the proportions of
      these enzymes in 20 minute portions of the duodenal contents under basal
      conditions and after an intravenous injection of 1.5 Un/kg of the "Boots"
      pancreozymin were studied. A definite disproportion in the stimulated secretion
      of pancreatic enzymes with a higher amylase/lipase ratio and a lower
      lipase/trypsin ratio was found to occur as a physiological phenomenon, the degree
      of this disproportionality, however, being substantially greater in patients with
      chronic pancreatitis than in healthy persons. An inference is drawn that, along
      with an investigation into the overall amount of enzymes secreted secondary to
      pancreozymin stimulation, of importance is not so much the very fact of divulging
      the non-proportionality of the stimulated pancreatic enzymes secretion, but
      rather the analysis of the nature and the degree of this disproportionality. This
      is essential, in particular, when estimating the effect of various nutritional
      patterns on the external secretion of the pancreas.

PMID- 1199011
TI  - [Acid-forming function of the stomach under the influence of hydrocortisone].

PMID- 1199012
TI  - [Influence of qualitatively different diets on the reproductive capacity and
      function of the adrenal cortex in rats with experimental toxic hepatitis].
AB  - The effect of a diet rich in protein and the group B vitamins on the function of
      the ovaries and adrenal cortex, as well as on the reproductive capacity of
      animals with experimental affection of the liver produced by administration of
      carbon tetrachloride was studied on 115 mongrel albino female-rats. A high
      standard semisynthetic diet devised at the Institute of nutrition of the AMS of
      the USSR and three isocaloric experimental diets calorifically enriched by 20, 50
      and 100 per cent and containing a double amount of the group B vitamins were used
      in tests. The protein and vitamins enrichment of the diet, although failing to
      normalize the estrual cycle, neveretheless contributed to a significant reduction
      of the embryos' death in pregnant animals, the restoration of the reproductive
      capacity of the rats being directly proportional to the degree of the protein
      enrichment of the diet. The use of experimental diets helped normalize the
      adrenal cortex function in pregnant rats with toxic hepatitis, this manifesting
      itself in the falling amount of corticosterone in the blood serum outflowing from
      the suprarenals down to the control level.

PMID- 1199013
TI  - [Influence of methandrostenolone on some aspects of protein metabolism in rats in
      the context of various protein rations].
AB  - Wistar male-rats receiving by mouth dianobol for 10 days and 9 months and fed on
      rations with different proportions of protein were investigated. Dianobol is
      shown to produce under definite conditions changes in the intensity of the
      protein synthesis in the muscle tissue and liver of the test animals and also to
      raise the activity of tryptophan-peroxidase and of alanine-amintransferase, the
      protein level in the ration being here of substantial importance. With its long
      term administration to rats dianobol displays an androgenic effect on the gonads
      and the supernumerally genitals without exercising any stimulating action on the
      weight gain.

PMID- 1199014
TI  - [Diets for students of professional-technical secondary schools situated in zones
      of endemic goiter].
AB  - Menu, formulation of meals, chemical composition and calorific value embracing 10
      different dietary patterns for students of vocational technical schools disposed
      within an area of endemic goitre are cited. In compiling the rations account has
      been taken of the age-specific features of the students, the physiological
      standard rates now in force, a collection of meals formulations and the funds
      allocated for alimentation in the said schools. The proposed rations may be of
      prophylactic importance in the foci of endemic goitre and should help strengthen
      the health of the students.

PMID- 1199016
TI  - [Level of thiamine and riboflavin in slaughtered pork products obtained at an
      industrial complex].

PMID- 1199015
TI  - [Protein requirements of children of kindergartens and boarding schools of the
      Mongolian People's Republic].

PMID- 1199017
TI  - [Study of the sarcoplasmic and myofibrillary proteins of sublimation dried meat
      by the method of high-volt electrophoresis in starch gel].
AB  - Data obtained from a study of the effect produced by freezing at -196, -30 and 
      18 degrees and subsequent sublimation drying for 420, 240 and 210 minutes
      respectively on the sarcoplasmic and myofibrillary proteins of meat are reported.
      The condition of the proteinic system in the muscle tissue was judged from
      dissolubility of proteinic substances (by employing methods allowing complete
      extraction of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillary proteins to be realized) and from
      electrophoretic mobility in a starch gel. Freezing and sublimation drying were
      found to result in reduced extractability of both the sarcoplasmic and
      myofibrillary proteins. The dissolubility of the sarcoplasmic proteins was then
      1.7-2,0 times as low as that of the myofibrillary ones. Experiments have
      demonstrated a definite divergence between the data on the extractability of the
      proteins and the capacity of the muscle tissue to retain the muscle juice. A
      close positive correlation between the organoleptic valuation of the desiccated
      muscle tissue and the content of native myofibrillary proteins, determined
      through high-voltage electrophoresis in a starch  gel, has been established.

PMID- 1199018
TI  - [Rapid method of determination of residual quantities of some phosphoorganic
      pesticides in food products of vegetable origin and in water].

PMID- 1199020
TI  - [Experience in the work of a physician in public nutrition in the control of the
      quality of sausage products].

PMID- 1199019
TI  - [Chromatographic method of determination of the toxicity of grain affected by
      Fusarium sporotrichiella].
AB  - The chromatographic method for determining the toxicity of the cereal crop grain
      affected by micromycates F. sporotrichiella is proposed. The method is based on
      the separation of the lipids extracted from the grain under examination in a thin
      layer of the silica gel and detection on the chromatogram of two toxic fractions
      with Rf-0.06 and 1.22 fluorecent in the UV-light by emitting greyish-green and
      emerald-green coloured light. The chromatographic method is more sensitive,
      visually obvious and quicker by comparison with the biological ones.

PMID- 1199021
TI  - Detection of antibody to hepatitis Bs-antigen in patients with acute and chronic
      hepatitis as measured by a modified procedure of the radioimmunoassay Ausria I
      125.
AB  - A simple modification of the radioimmunoassay Ausria I 125 was employed for
      detecting anti-HBs using the inhibition of a constant amount of HBs Ag. Anti-HBs
      was demonstrated in up to 82% of follow-up patients recovering from viral
      hepatitis B and in 79% of hemophilia patients. The antibody was found in 3.4% of
      healthy blood donors and in 10% of family contacts of patients with acute HBs Ag
      positive viral hepatitis. The frequency of anti-HBs in 44 patients with HBs Ag
      negative chronic aggressive hepatitis or cryptogenic liver cirrhosis (23%) did
      not differ significantly as compared with the occurrence of anti-HBs in 58
      patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis (16%). These findings give further
      support to the suggestion that the hepatitis B virus does not contribute to the
      aetiology of HBs Ag-negative chronic active hepatitis.

PMID- 1199023
TI  - Experiments on the preparation of blood components with the IBM 2991 blood cell
      processor.
AB  - Experiments were carried out with the IBM 2991 Blood Cell Processor in order to
      study the sedimentation behaviour of blood cells from human ACD blood during
      centrifugation. Based on this behaviour procedures were developed for
      plasmapheresis and leucapheresis using the Blood Cell Processor. Accumulation of
      platelets was observed to occur at the plasma-cell interface during
      centrifugation at 1,000 g; this led to the development of a one-step method for
      the preparation of platelet concentrates.

PMID- 1199022
TI  - Transfer factor preparations: some physico-chemical and biological properties.
AB  - Some biological and physico-chemical properties were tested in 50 lots of
      transfer factor (TF). Each lot contained the extracts of a pool of 20 buffy
      coats, each originating from a 400 ml blood donation of a healthy individual. The
      optical densities at 260 and 280 nm were within a narrow range in all TF lots.
      The ratio 260/280 was 2.56-3.02. One unit TF (defined as the extract of two buffy
      coats (corresponding to 1-2 X 10(9) leucocytes) contained 36.58 +/- 3.77 mg of
      peptides as measured by the Lowry method and 123.6 +/- 4.5 mg ribose as estimated
      by the orcinol method. Cytotoxicity of TF lots was tested by measurement of
      chromium release of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity was above 10% in 20
      of 27 TF lots tested, most of which were produced by an Amicon ultrafiltration
      cell. Pyrogenicity was present in 8 of 42 TF lots produced by Amicon filters, but
      only in 1 of 8 lots produced by Sartorius filters. Sephadex G-10 chromatograms of
      TF gave characteristic patterns yielding 8 peaks. Sephadex G-25 chromatograms
      reproducibly showed 5 peaks. The distribution of osmotic activity, peptides and
      ribose in respect of the chromatographic fractions is given.

PMID- 1199024
TI  - Phosphoglucomutase 3: formal and population genetics and observations on abnormal
      phenotypes.
AB  - 514 healthy blood donors and 47 families with 122 offspring were studied for
      phosphoglucomutase 3 (PGM3) from leukocytes. There was a good agreement of
      allelic frequencies obtained compared to those reported previously in Caucasians.
      In addition, three individuals with abnormal phenotypes were observed: one was a
      patient with Hodgkin's disease, the other two were apparently healthy blood
      donors. In two cases, family members could be studied; none carried the abnormal
      type of the father. The possible background of these observations with respect to
      the attachment of the PGM3 locus to the immunogenetic linkage group--the major
      histocompatibility complex--on chromosome No. 6 in man is discussed.

PMID- 1199025
TI  - A simple method for the prediction of ABO incompatibility using Sephadex A-50.
      Prediction of ABO incompatibility.
AB  - A rapid and simple method of demonstrating the presence of high titre IgG anti-A
      or anti-B (anti A/B) is described. The method requires the separation of IgG anti
      A/B from IgM anti-A/B using DEAE Sephadex A-50 by a simple spin technique, and
      the subsequent titration of the IgG fraction to detect the presence of high titre
      IgG anti-A/B. Since high titre IgG anti-A/B is usually associated with ABO
      incompatibility the test is a useful guide to the prediction of ABO
      incompatibility in routine antenatal samples.

PMID- 1199026
TI  - Separation of ABH, I, Ss antigenic activity from the MN-active sialoglycoprotein
      of the human erythrocyte membrane.
AB  - The erythrocyte sialoglycoprotein was purified from cells with complementary
      ABO(H), MN and Ss phenotypes. Serological examination of the sialoglycoprotein
      preparations demonstrated that this molecule does not carry the ABO(H), I or Ss
      antigens. The results also suggest that Ss activity may be associated with a
      minor erythorcyte glycoprotein. The characteristics of the ABO(H) and I antigens
      are consistent with earlier suggestions that these antigens are carried on
      complex glycolipids.

PMID- 1199027
TI  - A case of Ax phenotype transmitted by an A2B parent.
AB  - The authors report a family in which the father is Ax, the mother B, the paternal
      grandmother Ax; 3 children out of 6 are A2B and the other three Ax. One of A2B
      children is married to an O subject, and she had a son of phenotype Ax. It was
      observed that Ax gene in position trans of a B gene behaves phenotypically as an
      A2.

PMID- 1199028
TI  - [Certain new ways of study on the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1199029
TI  - [Characteristics of aging of the nerve trunks].

PMID- 1199030
TI  - [Vegetative-trophic disorders in syringomyelia and their dynamics in the process
      of treatment].

PMID- 1199031
TI  - [Bioelectric activity of the brain in different forms of cerebral arachnoiditis].

PMID- 1199032
TI  - [Effect of small concentrations of alcohol on the activity of oxidation-reduction
      enzymes of the brain].

PMID- 1199033
TI  - [Case of anaphylactic shock after intra-arterial administration of heparin].

PMID- 1199034
TI  - [Anaphylactic shock after an application test with novocaine].

PMID- 1199035
TI  - [Scanning of the lungs in complicated siderosilicosis].

PMID- 1199036
TI  - [Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with arterioslcerotic
      cardiosclerosis complicated by chronic circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 1199037
TI  - [Characteristics of clinical course and treatment of diseases caused by refuse of
      coal and firedamp in mines].

PMID- 1199038
TI  - [Clinico-epidemiological characteristics of salmonellosis in 1972].

PMID- 1199039
TI  - [Clinical characteristics of salmonellosis caused by different types of
      pathogens].

PMID- 1199040
TI  - [Clinical evolution of neurobrucellosis].

PMID- 1199041
TI  - [Training of the staff of the rural medical center in connection with social
      hygienic characteristics of the modern village].

PMID- 1199042
TI  - [Analysis of errors in the practice of the Medical-Industrial Expertise
      Commission in the examination of patients with malignant tumors].

PMID- 1199043
TI  - [Kunkel's phenol test in the diagnosis of arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1199044
TI  - [Pathohistological and biochemical changes of the brain in arteriosclerosis with
      the foci of malacia and cysts].

PMID- 1199045
TI  - [Effect of strophanthin on cardiac proteins in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1199046
TI  - [Multiple aneurysms of the cerebral and cardiac blood vessels associated with
      aortic aneurysm in a patient with aortic-jugular anastomosis].

PMID- 1199047
TI  - [Combined use of preparations of rauwolfia and guanethidine in hypertensive
      disease].

PMID- 1199048
TI  - [Experience with mellaril treatment of neurosis-like syndromes in hypertensive
      disease].

PMID- 1199049
TI  - [Clinico-electrocardiographic characteristics of isorhythmic functioning of 2
      automatism centers].

PMID- 1199050
TI  - [Allergic vasculitis].

PMID- 1199051
TI  - [3 cases of prolonged remission in acute leukemia].

PMID- 1199052
TI  - [Contractile function of the myocardium after clinically cured pulmonary
      tuberculosis according to kinetocardiographic data].

PMID- 1199053
TI  - [Characteristics of erythrocytes in patients with chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1199054
TI  - [Cardiotonic action of cardiac glycosides and lipid metabolism (literature
      survey)].

PMID- 1199055
TI  - [Relationship between external respiration and oxidative processes under the
      effect of health-resort-climatic treatment of chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1199056
TI  - [Exercise therapy in treatment of patients with acute pneumonia].

PMID- 1199057
TI  - [Complex treatment of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1199058
TI  - [Pancreatic dysfunction in nonspecific ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 1199059
TI  - [Phenomenon of leukergy in chronic enterocolitis].

PMID- 1199060
TI  - [Importance of scanning in diagnosis of liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1199061
TI  - [Clinical variants of thrombophlebitic splenomegaly].

PMID- 1199062
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of gastric secretion with the aid of acidotest and
      fractionally by the Lambling method].

PMID- 1199063
TI  - [Relationship between the activity of the salivary glands, stomach glands and
      kidneys in the excretion of estrogens].

PMID- 1199064
TI  - [Causes of development of acute pyelonephritis and its treatment].

PMID- 1199065
TI  - [State of the sympathetic nervous system in patients with nonspecific chronic
      prostatitis].

PMID- 1199066
TI  - [Changes in the rheorenogram in patients with solitary kidney].

PMID- 1199067
TI  - [Treatment of certain forms of goiter with thyroid hormones].

PMID- 1199068
TI  - [Growth hormone content of blood serum in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1199070
TI  - Biomedical research: WHO's commitments examined.

PMID- 1199069
TI  - [Effect of insulin on vascular tonus in patients with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1199071
TI  - Epidemiology of depression.

PMID- 1199072
TI  - Controlling water pollution.

PMID- 1199073
TI  - Health establishments: their organization and role.

PMID- 1199074
TI  - Health for all by the year 2000.

PMID- 1199075
TI  - Cancer of the breast: no decline in mortality.

PMID- 1199076
TI  - The origin of influenza pandemics.

PMID- 1199077
TI  - The malaria situation in 1974.

PMID- 1199078
TI  - Diffusing capacity, specific diffusing capacity and interpretation of diffusion
      defects.
AB  - Six pathophysiologic mechanisms of a reduced single breath CO diffusing capacity
      are discussed and the usefulness of relating carbon monoxide (CO) uptake to the
      functioning alveolar volume (DL/VA, specific diffusing capacity) is illustrated
      for several pulmonary diseases. In patients with emphysema and pulmonary emboli
      (pulmonary vascular occlusive disease), reduced CO uptake is associated with
      significantly reduced DL/VA and is compatible with reduction of pulmonary
      capillary bed. In patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, improvement in CO
      uptake and DL/VA follows lung lavage and suggests that lung units partially
      filled with proteinaceous material are responsible for hypoxemia, reduced CO
      uptake and reduced DL/VA. In most cases of radiation fibrosis, sarcoidosis and
      miscellaneous interstitial fibrosis, reduced CO uptake is associated with a
      normal DL/VA and suggests that loss of alveolar units, both capillaries and
      alveoli, has occurred. New regression equations for DL and DL/VA are established
      for children and adults. DL/VA is linearly related to height and independent of
      age and sex, while different predictive equations must be used for DL for the 5
      through 17 and 18 through 76 age groups. The new regression equations for DL show
      better correlation in adults we studied over 50 years of age than previous
      regression equations which use a constant reduction of 2 to 3 ml CO per minute
      per mm of mercury for each 10 years of adult aging.

PMID- 1199079
TI  - The ultrasonic evaluation of nonfunctioning thyroid nodules.
AB  - Thyroid echography was carried out on 100 patients with thyroid abnormalities to
      evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in differentiating simple thyroid
      cysts from solid thyroid nodules. In all 46 proven cases, the ultrasonic
      diagnosis of the solid or cystic nature of thyroid nodules was correct.A proposed
      diagnostic workup of a hypofunctioning (cold) thyroid nodule is suggested with
      primary needle aspiration and cytologic examination of the cyst fluid being
      recommended if the nodule is shown to be entirely cystic by ultrasound.

PMID- 1199080
TI  - Advances in the clinical care of burned patients.
AB  - Very few areas of medical science have experienced more rapid development of new
      and beneficial treatment approaches during the past two decades than the
      disciplines required for total care of patients with major thermal injury. The
      introduction of a multidisciplinary scientific approach to the diagnosis and
      treatment of very complex postburn complications has been primarily responsible
      for the major advances in clinical care. This report highlights those areas of
      advancement which have been most significant in upgrading current inpatient
      therapy.

PMID- 1199081
TI  - Croup and epiglottitis.

PMID- 1199082
TI  - Editorial: Clinical care of burned patients.

PMID- 1199083
TI  - Editorial: Croup and epiglottitis.

PMID- 1199084
TI  - Editorial: The first decade of federal medicine.

PMID- 1199085
TI  - Spinal cysticercosis.

PMID- 1199086
TI  - T wave sensing during temporary demand pacing.

PMID- 1199087
TI  - Letter: Sleep apnea.

PMID- 1199088
TI  - Letter: On informing the patient.

PMID- 1199089
TI  - "Gurney" again--Scots origin theory scotched?

PMID- 1199090
TI  - Letter: Withholding of physicians' services.

PMID- 1199091
TI  - Letter: A "medical grange" for malpractice insurance.

PMID- 1199092
TI  - Letter: Diabetic microangiopathy.

PMID- 1199093
TI  - Abdominal vascular injuries.

PMID- 1199095
TI  - Malpractice insurance--a crisis in medicine.

PMID- 1199094
TI  - Candide becomes a doctor.
AB  - It has been shown that things cannot be otherwise; since everything was created
      for a purpose, this purpose must inevitably be the best possible. Observe that
      noses were made to wear spectacles and so we have spectacles. Legs were obviously
      intended to wear breeches and so we have breeches. Stones were made to be cut and
      to be made into mansions. That is why His Lordship has such a very fine mansion.
      The greatest baron in the province should be the best housed. Pigs were made to
      be eaten, so we eat pork all the year round. Therefore, people who told us merely
      that everything was well ordained were talking nonsense. They should have said,
      "Everything is ordained for the best."(1)

PMID- 1199096
TI  - Metastases from undetected primary cancers. Clinical experience at a radiation
      oncology center.

PMID- 1199097
TI  - Thyroid cancer. Delayed effects of head and neck irradiation in children.

PMID- 1199099
TI  - Infectious urethritis in men and women. Diagnosis and treatment.
AB  - Acute and recurrent infectious urethritis in men and women is commonly seen by
      physicians. Since specific therapy varies widely with the type of urethritis
      present, the proper diagnosis must be clearly established if curative drug
      therapy is to be selected. It is valuable, therefore, to review the diagnosis and
      therapy of the various forms of infectious urethritis that are recognized today
      in both men and women.

PMID- 1199098
TI  - Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. Surgical treatment.
AB  - The records of 62 consecutive patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms
      were analyzed to determine what factors contribute to lower mortality. Survival
      was directly related to the immediate preoperative hemodynamic status of the
      patients. In 18 cases in which operation was carried out with patients stable, 83
      percent of the patients survived. Even if shock was present by the time of
      operation (37 cases), a 68 percent survival rate was achieved. Cardiac arrest
      occurred before obtaining aortic control in seven patients and one survived.
      Survival rates were increased if certain preoperative, operative and
      postoperative guidelines were followed. Since the combined operative mortality
      and late graft failure rate in 125 elective aneurysmectomies done during the same
      decade was under 5 percent, all abdominal aortic aneurysms with few exceptions
      should be surgically treated before rupture occurs.

PMID- 1199100
TI  - Multiple endocrine adenomatosis type II (Sipple's syndrome) in twins.
AB  - Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, pheochromocytoma and multiple mucosal
      neuromas (MEA-II), a familial disorder of neuroectodermal tissue, is believed to
      be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The occurrence of this syndrome in
      twins has not previously been reported. We have documented the presence of MEA-II
      in a pair of twins. The high incidence of bilaterality of pheochromocytoma is
      emphasized, as well as the usefulness of preoperative catecholamine
      fractionation, and vena cava catheterization sampling.

PMID- 1199101
TI  - Specialty conference: Hemolytic-uremic syndrome.

PMID- 1199102
TI  - Medical staff conference: Pericarditis.

PMID- 1199103
TI  - Far-advanced pulmonary interstitial disease with normal findings on a chest
      radiograph.

PMID- 1199104
TI  - Trauma rounds: injuries to duodenum, small intestine and mesentery.

PMID- 1199105
TI  - Medical injury compensation. An approach to the professional liability problem.

PMID- 1199106
TI  - [Therapeutic problems in lambliasis].

PMID- 1199107
TI  - [Effect of air pollution caused by fertilizer-producing plants on serum
      immunoglobulins].

PMID- 1199108
TI  - [Detectability of parasite eggs and cysts of Lamblia in the feces as a function
      of the time of viewing the preparation under the microscope].

PMID- 1199109
TI  - [Femoral neck fractures in elderly patients with extensive osteoporosis].

PMID- 1199110
TI  - [Gynecomastia].

PMID- 1199112
TI  - [Torsion of accessory major omentum in a case of inguinal hernia].

PMID- 1199111
TI  - [Right ventricular and ventricular-septal infarct in a 29-year-old woman].

PMID- 1199113
TI  - [Hernia obturatoria].

PMID- 1199114
TI  - [Autologous blood transfusion in gynecology].

PMID- 1199115
TI  - [Histological pattern of the endometrium in cases of uterine bleedings of unclear
      etiology].

PMID- 1199116
TI  - [Prophylaxis of arteriosclerosis in the light of present-day studies].

PMID- 1199117
TI  - [A case of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1199118
TI  - [Case of alkaptonuria in a newborn infant].

PMID- 1199119
TI  - [Rational pharmacotherapy].

PMID- 1199120
TI  - [Retroperitoneal fibrosis of inflammatory nature].

PMID- 1199121
TI  - [Indications for antrotomy in infants and its results in the light of personal
      observations in 1965-1974].

PMID- 1199122
TI  - [Round shadows in lungs as an ever-present clinical problem in pneumonology].

PMID- 1199123
TI  - [Peritoneal adhesions. Their development, complications and prevention].

PMID- 1199124
TI  - [Case of late metastatic malignant melanoma of the liver].

PMID- 1199125
TI  - [Carcinoma of Vater's papilla treated surgically].

PMID- 1199126
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties in heterotopic foci of pancreatic tissue].

PMID- 1199127
TI  - [Torsion of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1199128
TI  - [Vasogenic anaphylactic purpura following chloramphenicol administration].

PMID- 1199129
TI  - [Prospects for the development of sexology].

PMID- 1199130
TI  - The infant of the diabetic mother.

PMID- 1199131
TI  - New drugs for old bugs.

PMID- 1199132
TI  - Fulminant tuberculous meningitis in a gravid female.

PMID- 1199133
TI  - Severe thrombocytopenia in infectious mononucleosis. Report of two cases and
      review of the literature.

PMID- 1199134
TI  - Lipid components of the hydrocarbon assimilating yeast Candida lipolytica (strain
      10).
AB  - The utilization of n-hexadecane by Candida lipolytica (stain 10) was studied with
      respect to the lipid content, phospholipid and fatty acid profiles resulting at
      various growth times. Thin layer chromatography of the lipid extracts showed
      quantitative changes in the different lipid classes. The phospholipid fraction
      obtained at each growth time was separated into 8 classes:
      lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine,
      phosphatidylethanolamine, glycophospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolopin,
      and phosphatidic acid. Differences in the percentage fatty acid composition of
      the lipid extracts were observed at various stages of growth. The cellular fatty
      acids included palmitic, palmitoleic (35-52%), stearic, oleic, linoleic (26-39%),
      and pentadecanoic (2-12%) as major components. This indicates that fatty acid(s)
      of the same length as that of the substrate was the most abundant component, thus
      showing intact incorporation mechaism. Fatty acids having longer chain lengths
      were also formed in substantial amounts indicating C2 addition and beta-oxidation
      of the fatty acids formed in the yeast.

PMID- 1199135
TI  - [Physiology and biochemistry of streptomycetes. III. Incorporation of D-glucose-u
      14C in paramomycin as indicator of antibiotic biosynthesis by Streptomyces albus
      var. metamycinus nov. var].
AB  - Paromomycin was isolated from culture filtrates of Streptomyces albus var.
      metamycinus nov. var. after feeding the growing cultures with D-glucose-u-14C.
      From the different incorporation rates conclusions concerning different features
      of the paromomycin biosynthesis (utilization of the carbon source, proportional
      and disproportional changes of the rates of synthesis) could be drawn. Uptake and
      metabolism of glucose are discussed.

PMID- 1199136
TI  - Parameters of anaerobiosis of Propionibacterium shermanii and Clostridium
      sticklandii.

PMID- 1199138
TI  - [Laboratory diagnosis of acid gastric values in the general practice].

PMID- 1199137
TI  - [Like-Pasteur effect. New possibility for diagnosis and prognosis of prediabetes
      mellitus in the general practice].

PMID- 1199140
TI  - [Extended differentiation of the cytologic findings in the sense of WHO
      directives with regard to dysplasia pre-stages in our 10,000 examinations].

PMID- 1199139
TI  - [Comparative serum examinations in the early diagnosis of azotemias].

PMID- 1199141
TI  - [Lead poisoning].

PMID- 1199142
TI  - [Therapeutic experiences with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the post
      gonorrhoic urethritis].

PMID- 1199143
TI  - [Our plan of treatment of breast cancer].

PMID- 1199144
TI  - [Our experiences with the chemotherapy of metastazing breast cancer].

PMID- 1199145
TI  - [Progress in the treatment of tumors in the duodenopancreatic region].

PMID- 1199146
TI  - [Malignant tumors in children. Kinds of tumors and their peculiarities].

PMID- 1199147
TI  - [Classification by stages and surgical treatment of malignant tumors in
      childhood].

PMID- 1199148
TI  - [Chemotherapy of malignomas in childhood].

PMID- 1199149
TI  - [Treatment of malignant brain tumors].

PMID- 1199150
TI  - [Prevention of myocardial infarct by general practitioner].

PMID- 1199151
TI  - [Treatment of anxiety].

PMID- 1199152
TI  - [The so-called radical nephrectomy with transperitoneal or thoracoabdominal
      access].

PMID- 1199153
TI  - [Bladder tumor--"staging" and "grading"].

PMID- 1199154
TI  - [Treatment of bone metastases].

PMID- 1199155
TI  - [Long-term results of isotope therapy in malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 1199156
TI  - [Polycytostatic treatment of highly aggressive thyroid malignomas].

PMID- 1199157
TI  - [Perfusion treatment of malignant tumors in the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 1199158
TI  - [Time plan for the treatment of cheilognatho-uranoschisis].

PMID- 1199159
TI  - [Help in hay fever].

PMID- 1199160
TI  - [The migraine--crux aegroti et medici ?].

PMID- 1199161
TI  - [The use of sulfaguanol in acute diarrhea].

PMID- 1199162
TI  - [Headache without apparent organic findings].

PMID- 1199163
TI  - [Masked or sublinical psychoses].

PMID- 1199164
TI  - [Static and movement disorders without distinct organic findings. Viewpoints of
      neurologists].

PMID- 1199165
TI  - [Disorders of the locomotor apparatus without distinct organic findings].

PMID- 1199166
TI  - [Cardiac disorders without corresponding organic findings].

PMID- 1199167
TI  - [Psychovegetative disorders.  Diagnosis and therapy in problem patients in
      general practice].

PMID- 1199168
TI  - [What should it be: a cure?].

PMID- 1199169
TI  - [Urologic disorders without evident organic findings].

PMID- 1199170
TI  - [Diseases in childhood and puberty without apparent organic findings].

PMID- 1199171
TI  - [Diseases of "the best years" with poor or without any organic findings].

PMID- 1199173
TI  - [Pysiotherapy and prevention of varicose syndrome].

PMID- 1199172
TI  - [Diseases with poor or without any organic findings in pensioners].

PMID- 1199174
TI  - [Experience with Segontin-Digoxin in the treatment of coronary and myocardial
      insufficieny. Short report].

PMID- 1199175
TI  - [Letter: Once more: physician at the cross-roads].

PMID- 1199176
TI  - [Palpation of the abdomen in children].

PMID- 1199178
TI  - [The significance of preventive medicine in a modern industrial society].

PMID- 1199177
TI  - [Therapy of herpes simplex].

PMID- 1199179
TI  - [Treatment of intestinal infections].

PMID- 1199180
TI  - [Early diagnosis and early treatment of chronic bronchial diseases for the
      prevention of early invalidity].

PMID- 1199181
TI  - [Letter: Trampoline jumping].

PMID- 1199182
TI  - [Minor orthopedic surgery in the practice].

PMID- 1199183
TI  - [Homesickness and nostalia].

PMID- 1199184
TI  - [Treatment of various psychosomatic and age-related disorders with Dogmatil in
      ambulatory practice].

PMID- 1199185
TI  - [Experience with the framycetin-containing wound gauze Sofra-Tull in the "minor
      surgery"].

PMID- 1199186
TI  - [The functional colonic syndrome].

PMID- 1199187
TI  - [Clinical experiences using phenobarbital in the prevention of hyperbilirubinemia
      in mature newborn infants in a controlled study].

PMID- 1199188
TI  - [Unusual form of an open skull-brain injury].

PMID- 1199189
TI  - [Occlusion of central arteries after bulbar contusion].

PMID- 1199190
TI  - [Scientific method of prescription and medical education and continuing
      education. Notes on the results of a medical questionnaire].

PMID- 1199191
TI  - [Nervosity in childhood].

PMID- 1199192
TI  - [Problem of chronic cervical myelopathy].

PMID- 1199193
TI  - [Complications of local anesthesia--causes, prevention and treatment].

PMID- 1199194
TI  - [Current problems of hypoxia and hpyoxia-tolerance in the newborn period].

PMID- 1199195
TI  - [Independent sleep-paralysis].

PMID- 1199196
TI  - [Clinical experiences with a modified tolazoline test in the diagnosis of
      glaucoma].

PMID- 1199197
TI  - [Expert testimony problems involving the hand].

PMID- 1199198
TI  - [Use of standard questionnaires for the recording of extra-introversion,
      neuroticism, rigidity and autonomic lability in internal medicine and general
      practice].

PMID- 1199199
TI  - [On the problem of persistence].

PMID- 1199200
TI  - [Facilities and working methods in the urologic department of a polyclinic].

PMID- 1199201
TI  - [Concept and classification of intersexuality for the professional practice].

PMID- 1199202
TI  - [Research on acceleration of growth in the USSR].

PMID- 1199203
TI  - [Results of growth-acceleration research in the Socialist Republic of Rumania].

PMID- 1199204
TI  - [Hazards of exacerbation of biliary tract and pancreatic diseases in higher age].

PMID- 1199205
TI  - [Analysis of sudden infant deaths (studies of 1127 cases in the district of Halle
      from 1945 to 1973)].

PMID- 1199206
TI  - [Syndrome of the 5th day and its significance for the discharge of children from
      stationary treatment after appendectomies for uncomplicated forms of appendicitis
      (expert testimony)].

PMID- 1199207
TI  - [What should be mediated on burn lesions within the frame of education and
      continuing education of medical cadres].

PMID- 1199208
TI  - [Prevention of malpractice cases].

PMID- 1199209
TI  - [Contribution of the Institute of Hygiene to the combined efforts of hygienic
      disciplines].

PMID- 1199210
TI  - [System for simulating the mechanism of sensorimotor control (compensatory
      tracking)].

PMID- 1199211
TI  - [Epidemiological studies on the incidence and latent time of asbestos-induced
      hyalinosis, fibrosis and mesothelioma].

PMID- 1199212
TI  - [Purpose and methodology of social hygiene research].

PMID- 1199213
TI  - [Evaluation of the examination situation in the analysis of qualitative data].

PMID- 1199214
TI  - [Methodological study on the classification of communities].

PMID- 1199215
TI  - [Multi-dimensional analysis of social factors relating to the morbidity of
      employed women].

PMID- 1199216
TI  - [Establishment of the image of a socialist physician].

PMID- 1199217
TI  - [Practical courses for medical students--results of a medico-sociological study
      on the qualification of the rising generation of physicians].

PMID- 1199218
TI  - [Health education and the prevention of obesity].

PMID- 1199219
TI  - [Knowledge of various occupational and population groups on major diseases and
      their prevention].

PMID- 1199220
TI  - [Various basic principles and criteria of idea conferences as an instrument of
      management].

PMID- 1199221
TI  - [Housing program of the German Democratic Republic from the medical viewpoint].

PMID- 1199222
TI  - [Influence of comprehensive health care on the physical development of infants
      and small children (results of a 10-year-comparison)].

PMID- 1199223
TI  - [Birth weight as a criterion of maturity for newborn infants].

PMID- 1199224
TI  - [Study on seating furniture in pediatric institutions and a proposal for a new
      children's chair].

PMID- 1199225
TI  - [Philosophy and science].

PMID- 1199226
TI  - [Morbidity and its causes. Analysis of a small production unit in metallurgy].

PMID- 1199227
TI  - [Development of morbidity trends in apprentices and young construction workers
      from the viewpoint of the industrial medicine physician for adolescents].

PMID- 1199228
TI  - [Morbidity problems from the aspect of gerohygiene].

PMID- 1199229
TI  - [Experiences from the complex control of morbidity trends in factories and public
      health facilities].

PMID- 1199230
TI  - [Causes of morbidity in the district of Halle from the analytical and operational
      viewpoints].

PMID- 1199231
TI  - [Various aspects of morbidity in 1973 in the "Patina" chemical industry].

PMID- 1199232
TI  - [Problems of morbidity epidemiology in our developed socialist society].

PMID- 1199233
TI  - [Problems of indirect and direct methods for the determination of health status
      as demonstrated on the example of studies at the Rubber Concern Thuringen].

PMID- 1199234
TI  - [Morbidity of small working groups--demonstrated on the example of ship crews of
      the inland waterways transportation].

PMID- 1199235
TI  - [Social-hygienic views on current problems of morbidity].

PMID- 1199236
TI  - [Results and conclusions of morbidity analysis among women of an office-machine
      factory].

PMID- 1199237
TI  - [Multi-dimensional analysis of social factors and their relationships to the time
      of working disability in employed women].

PMID- 1199238
TI  - [Opinions on the health problems and their influence on the behavior in the event
      of disease].

PMID- 1199239
TI  - [Influence of an acute hypercalcemia on the gastric secretion in duodenal ulcer,
      peptic ulcer of the jejunum and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome].
AB  - In 36 patients with ulcer without Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome (25 patients with
      recurrent duodenal ulcer, 11 with an ulcus pepticum jejuni after B II-resection
      of the stomach) and 2 patients suffering from ulcus pepticum jejuni with an
      ascertained gastrinoma the secretion of acid was compared after stimulation of
      pentagstrin (6 mug/kg) and calcium (4 mg Ca++/kg/h). The secretion of
      hydrochloric acid was statistically significantly stimulated in all patients
      suffering from ulcer by the hypercalcaemia (increase of the serum calcium
      concentration from 5.0 +/- 0.3 mval/1 to 6.2 +/- 0.8 mval/1). But in patients
      suffering from ulcer with gastrinoma the stimulatory effect was larger than in
      such patients without autonomous source of gastrin: the calcium-stimulated
      secretion of hydrochloric acid was on the average in cases of duodenal ulcer 40%
      (2 to 68%), in the ulcera peptica jejuni 47% (17 to 75%), in the 4 comparative
      examinations of the two patients with Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome, however, always
      more than 100% (106 to 177%) of the pentagastrin-stimulated peak secretion. The
      comparative test of the pentagastrin and calcium-stimulated secretion of
      hydrochloric acid could be a help for the proof of autonomous places of the
      formation of gastrin.

PMID- 1199240
TI  - [Pancreas-secretion test in pregnancy].
AB  - In 3 groups of young women - non-pregnant, early pregnant and highly pregnant -
      the function of the excretory pancreas was examined with the help of the analysis
      of the duodenal juice after specific stimulation of the pancreas the evocation
      test. In these cases the secretion of the pancreases was significantly limited
      during pregnancy; during early pregnancy the findings were clearer than in the
      late pregnancy. In the first trimester of pregnancy the values of blood amylasis
      were low, around the date of birth they were normal with inclination to increased
      values.

PMID- 1199241
TI  - [Patholgenesis of anemias in chronic liver diseases].
AB  - In a complex examination of clinically healthy persons, with postprandial
      glucosuria or affected with a hereditary diabetes mellitus differences were found
      in the dynamics of the insulin secretion in oral and venous glucose tolerance
      dependent on the character of the glucose tolerance. With the deterioration of
      the latter the insulinaemia increase and prolongs in oral tolerance, in venous
      tolerance, however, it will be lower and lower. The through analysis of the
      results refers to the pathogenetic role of the peripheral resistance to the
      insulin as well as the disturbed secretory function of the islet apparatus. The
      established connections allow of the derivation of pathogenetically proved
      criteria for the differentiation of normal, subnormal and pathologic glucose
      tolerance. The confronting of the insulinaemia with the adiposity of the persons
      examined detects the fundamental difference between persons with normal and
      disturbed carbohydrate tolerance. The increase of weight contributes to the
      manifestation of the genetic defect. From the prophylactic point of view apart
      from the significance of the adequate dietetic regimen the attention is also
      drawn to the effect of biguanides.

PMID- 1199242
TI  - [Hospitalized hypertensiol patients with gastrointestinal disease].
AB  - A careful codification according to the rules of electronic data processing of
      all data given and especially of the admission number on the signature margin of
      th medical record gives the possiblity of a rapid return of information for the
      practice and of a scientific evalustion. 404 patients with hypertension (400-404)
      of the distric Rostock who were treated in the clinic simultaneously suffered
      from gastrointestinal diseases (531-536, 570-577). For a more specialized
      analysis of the clinical data from case histories the four largest institutions
      of the district were chosen. From this results a relation number of 100 patients
      with these diagnostic combinations. 73% of these patients were of female sex. The
      higher blood pressure values at the beginning of the treatment we find in
      hypertensive patients with simultaneous disease of the gallbladder, in which
      cases these patients to 44% also showed an overweight. In 74% of the patients
      there occurred a systolic decrease of blood pressure, in 66% a diastolic one.
      More frequently than on the average the decrease of the blood pressure appeared
      in patients with liver and gall-bladder diseases.

PMID- 1199243
TI  - [Urinary alanine aminopeptidase and lysozyme excretion in patients with
      diabetes].
AB  - The excretion of alanine aminopeptidase in the urine is changed by several
      factors influencing the tubuli. The diabetics increasedly excrete alanine
      aminopeptidase in the urine, apparantly as an expression of an increased cell
      moulting of the tubuli. Whether the increased alanine aminopeptidase activity of
      the urine may indicate a diabetic nephropathy, is to be clarified only by means
      of bioptic investigations of the kidneys. Streptomycin can also like a
      nephrostasis as a sequel of a decompensated cor pulmonale increase the activity
      of alanine aminopeptidase of the urine.

PMID- 1199244
TI  - [Importance of adipose tissue hypertrophy for the pathogenesis of maturity-onset
      diabetes].
AB  - In 56 maturity-onset-diabetics and 20 test persons with pathologic glucose
      tolerance were established significantly larger volumes of adipocytes than in 142
      test persons with normal glucose tolerance and normal serum triglycerides. The
      differences could only be proved taking into consideration the influence of the
      index of ideal weight and the difference of sex. The pathogenetic importance of
      the excessive hypertrophy of adipose tissue is discussed on the basis of the
      increased turnover rate of free fatty acids.

PMID- 1199245
TI  - [Effect of weight reduction on carbohydrate and fatty-acid metabolism in obese,
      maturity-onset diabetic patients].
AB  - In 35 adipose maturity-onset-diabetics (27 women, 8 men, average age 48 years) we
      examined the influence of a 4--5-week slimming cure on the carbohydrate and fat
      metabolism. A significant decrease showed the index of ideal weight, volume of
      adipozytes, fasting free fatty acids concentration, triglyceride content of the
      liver as well as systolic blood pressure. The decrease of the triglycerides, of
      cholesterol and of the uric acid level in the serum could not be ascertained
      statistically. The reduction of weight did not cause an essential change of the
      basal and stimulated insulin concentrations, whereas the glucose tolerance
      clearly improved. After an observation period of 36.5 months behaviour of weight
      and form of therapy are analysed.

PMID- 1199246
TI  - [Hyperlipoproteinemia -- cause or sequelae of maturity-onset diabetes].
AB  - With the help of data from literature and own long-term observations the
      importance of the hyperlipoproteinaemias (HLP type IIb-V) as precursors of the
      maturity-onset-diabetes is discussed. The assumption of transitions of the
      hyperlipoproteinaemias with insignificant disturbances of the carbohydrate
      tolerance and hyperinsulinism into a condition with manifest diabetes mellitus
      and relative lack of insulin appears justified. Differential diagnostics (e.g. by
      determination of the insulin response after glucose tolerance) and adequate
      differential therapy of the symptom complex belonging to the metabolic syndrome
      are demanded.

PMID- 1199247
TI  - [Studies on the influence of body weight and form of therapy on the development
      of fatty liver in maturity-onset diabetes].
AB  - On the basis of our findings can be established that the frequent appearance of a
      fatty degeneration of the liver in diabetes mellitus is the resultant of a
      multifactorial disturbance, in which case above all the type of diabetes, the
      relative weight, disturbances of lipidmetabolism and the form of therapy are
      decisive for the size of the adipose degeneration.

PMID- 1199248
TI  - [Liver diseases in diabetes mellitus].
AB  - In a number of 3,554 clinically manifest diabetics who were admitted for the
      treatment of metabolism or other diseases from 1967 to 1974 12.1 per cent of
      hepatopathies were found. In men the incidence was 15.2 per cent, in women 10.7
      per cent. Among these the fatty degeneration of the liver (28.8 per cent) and the
      cirrhosis (17.4 per cent) were most frequent. Referred to the entirety the result
      was an incidence of cirrhosis of 2.1 per cent. The confirmation of the diagnosis
      is performed by biopsy and endoscopy in 92 per cent. In 60 per cent of the
      examined persons the diagnosis was unknown before admission. There was no
      correlation to the duration of the diabetes. In the number of patients there
      appeared above all persons older than 50 to 60 years. The following concomitant
      diseases occurred: hypertension (33 per cent), coronary diseases (32 per cent),
      pyelonephritis (17 per cent) and adiposity (13 per cent).

PMID- 1199249
TI  - [Studies on the relationship between diabetes mellitus and necrobiosis
      lipoidica].
AB  - From 1970 to 1974 in the dermatological clinic of Leipig University in 17 women
      and 3 men a necrobiosis lipoidica was established. Of these patients hitherto 12
      female patients with histologally ascertained diagnosis underwent a clinico
      angiological follow-up examination. Apart from this metabolic disturbances were
      thought for. In two thirds a disturbance of the carbohypdrate metabolism, in
      three fourths a disturbance of the lipometabolism was found;
      hyperlipoproteidaemia and diabetic change of the metabolism were simultaneously
      present in 7 out of 12 female patients. Uric acid level of the serum and
      rheumatic serology were, however, rarely pathological. A disturbance of the
      arterial blood supply of the legs could be ascertained in three fourths of the
      women who underwent a control examination. In these cases 15 to 19 extremities
      affected with necrobiosis had a disturbance of the blood supply. The
      microangiopathy histologically provable in foci of necrobiosis was to be seen
      only in one long-term diabetic also on the eye-ground. One third of the female
      patients suffered from hypertension. In all cases disturbances of the
      carbohydrate metabolism or of the lipometabolism and/or of the local blood supply
      could be proved. On the basis of these findings adequate examinations are
      recommendable in patients with necrobiosis lipoidical with regard to therapeutic
      consequences.

PMID- 1199250
TI  - [Mechanism of the effect of electrostimulation during the interruption of
      tachycardial arrhythmias].
AB  - With the help of three individual electrocariograpic observations which were
      collected at the end of tachycardiac disturbances of rhythm by
      electrostimulation, the author enters the mechanism of action of this form of the
      cardiac electrotherapy. From this its indication and the most rational practical
      approach are derived.

PMID- 1199251
TI  - [Pictures of the fascicular block inacute myocardial infarct with special
      reference to left anterior hemiblock and the bifascicular block of the anterior
      type].
AB  - In the etiology of uni, bi- and trifascicular block pictures the acute myocardial
      infarction plays an important role. From the topographic relations of the supply
      of coronary vessels to the coduction system certain correlations between
      localisation of infarction and kind of blocking are to be explained. The
      electrocardiographic changes of the individual block pictures are explained. 765
      (581 males, 184 females) patients with acute myocardial infarction were examined
      concerning frequency and prognosis of the left anterior hemiblock and the
      bifascular block of anterior type (left anterior hemiblock, right bundle branch
      block). A left anterior hemiblock could be proved in 90 cases (11.8%), a
      bifascicular block of anterior type in 38 cases (5%). With 30% the lethality of
      the first group was not essentially above the lethality of patients with
      infarction without block pictures (29.6%). In patients with bifascicular block of
      anterior type it was significantly incrased with 68.4%. The two block forms were
      nearly exclusively found in the anterior wall infarction and its combination with
      a posterior wall infarction, respectively. 11 patients, out of whom 9 died,
      showed a transition of the bifascicular block into a trifascicular one. In 6
      cases a left anterior hemiblock had preceded. The results concerning frequency
      and prognosis much correspond with the reports of other authors. In the
      bifascicular block, apart from the danger of a sudden asystolia, also the most
      cases larger size of the extension of the infarction with the adequately higher
      risk of a muscular insuficiency might be responsible for the bad prognosis. The
      therapeutic possibilities and necessities deriving from this are explained.

PMID- 1199252
TI  - [Electrogastrographic studies in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer].
AB  - The establishment of the motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract is
      difficult to be performed. The method of electrogastroenterography gives an
      evidence through an indirect registration of the summation vectors of the action
      potential. In patients with ventricular ulcer a statistically certain retardation
      of the changes of the potential/min. in comparison to a control group is to be
      proved. In patients with duodenal ulcer in the same way a trend is to be
      observed. It is especially referred to the importance of these examination
      methods in the sense of examinations of the course of the disease.

PMID- 1199253
TI  - Diagnosis and therapy of primary hyperaldosteronism in general practice.
AB  - Taking into consideration an own observation of Conn's syndrome the diagnostics
      and therapy of the primary hyperaldosteronism is described. The recognition of
      Conn's syndrome is important for that account as it coincides with an operatively
      curable hypertension. Therefore, a diagnostic step programme is proposed. Thus,
      the first tentative diagnosis shall be made already by a general practitioner.
      Other specialised and highly specialised investigations have the task to
      ascertain the diagnosis and to find the right way in therapy.

PMID- 1199254
TI  - [Aseptic bone infarcts in occupational divers].
AB  - A report is given on dispensary investigations of professional divers. In 32 of a
      control group consisting of altogether 41 scaphander divers radiologically were
      found changes in the sense of aseptic bone necroses. 18 of the examined persons
      showed polyostotic affection and 14 had a monostotic localisation of the foci.
      Divers with no extensive findings could further work in their profession with a
      limitation of depth up to 13 depth of water. On the other hand examined persons
      with severe changes had temporarily to leave their profession. Relevant problems
      of the clinical symptomatology and the radiological differential diagnostics of
      aseptic bone necroses are discussed.

PMID- 1199255
TI  - [Developmental trends in exogenous intoxications].
AB  - In this paper are described the change of the toxic remedies and the decrease of
      the lethality from 10.6% to 0.6% in 2,515 in-patients with exogenic intoxications
      treated in the clinic for internal medicine of Rostock University from 1946 to
      1973. The establishment of the first detoxication central in the GDR is
      announced.

PMID- 1199256
TI  - [Chronic liver diseases with negative laboratory findings].
AB  - Chronic liver diseases may be overlooked, when regular laboratory-chemical
      findings are overvalued. This is important especially for those which coincide
      with a particupation of the bile ducts. Even in insignificant clinical references
      laparoscopy and biopsy under direct vision are necessary. The blind biopsy of the
      liver is not always sufficient as it does not regularly deliver characteristic
      tissue.

PMID- 1199257
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus and its vascular manifestations].
AB  - In 1,796 diabetics who died from 1957-1971 the average age of life, the causes of
      death and the average age in the individual stages of arteriosclerosis of the
      aorta, the coronary and cerebral vessels were followed up. This was compared with
      the same number of non-diabetics of the same age. It was shown that in the
      individual stage of arteriosclerosis there is no essential difference between
      diabetics and non-diabetics, however, not in the frequency of the individual
      stages of arteriosclerosis. The arteriosclerosis of III. degree is essentially
      more frequent in diabetics than in non-diabetics. The greatest difference is
      present in coronary sclerosis in men as well as in women. The more frequent
      appearance of the myocardial infaraction in diabetics in comparison to non
      diabetics, the survival time, the effect of therapy as well as the disturbed
      glucose tolerance in myocardial infarction are discussed.

PMID- 1199259
TI  - [Hyperlipoproteinemias in diabetes mellitus].
AB  - Among 200 diabetics 63 patients (31.5%) with primary and 44 patients (22%) with
      secondary hyperlipoproteinaemias were found. The secondary hyperlipoproteinaemias
      belonged to the types IV and V, the primary hyperkipoproteinaemias to the types
      IIa, IIb, IV and V. In primary hypercholesterolaemias (IIa, IIb) the retinopathia
      diabetica by far more frequently occurs than in primary hypertriglyceridaemias.

PMID- 1199258
TI  - [Relationship between disorders of the purine and carbohydrate metabolism].
AB  - Disturbances of the carbohydrate metabolism more frequently appear in patients
      suffering from gout. On the other hand, in contrast to older data, in diabetics
      disturbances of the purin metabolism are also frequently found. Under the
      momentaneous enviromental factors and forming of life genetic prediapositions may
      lead to the manifestations of the two metabolic disturbances.

PMID- 1199260
TI  - [Studies of nephropathies in 168 diabetic patients with over 20-year onset of the
      disease].
AB  - Within a clinical epidemiological investigation 168 diabetics were examined
      multidisciplinarily who survived the beginning of their disease by at least 20
      years. The qualitative proof of protein in the urine was regarded as criterion
      for the presence of a diabetic nephropathy. 29% of the long-term diabetics showed
      a proteinuria. In a control group of probands with healthy metabolism, however,
      only 2.5% proteinurias were found. Statistically ascertained correlations were
      the results in cases of proteinuria and retinopathy (microangio-pathy).
      Particularly close were the relations of proteinuria to arteriolosclerosis
      (macroangiopathy). There were no relations between the proof of a proteinuria and
      the quality of the control of the carbohydrate metabolism which was pursued
      during decades.

PMID- 1199261
TI  - [Kidney biopsy in the differential diagnostic clarification of renal diseases in
      diabetic patients].
AB  - The diagnosis of arteriosclerosis is simple. The chronic pyelonephritis, however,
      is in most cases not clearly to be diagnosed, but only with a certain
      probability. To the glomerulosclerosis is applied that conspicuous findings allow
      of a doubtless diagnosis. But not in the least seldom there exist certain
      difficulties, above all in the initial stage and in the clear limitation to
      glomerulonephritis. In the majority of these cases the modern morphologic
      investigation methods lead to a clarification, but also the exact anamnestic and
      clinical data may be very useful for a probability diagnosis.

PMID- 1199262
TI  - [Experience with long-term intermittent hemodialysis therapy in patients with
      diabetes].

PMID- 1199263
TI  - [Objective grading of stenosing coronary artery processes through the
      quantification of pathological-anatomical data their relations 1. Basic
      methodical concept and 1st results].
AB  - Proceeding from an estimation of the hitherto known models of the judgement of
      the coronary arteriosclerosis and the achieved degree of quantificability
      methodic principles are developed to quantify the influence of pathologo
      anatomical parameters on the myocardial infarction with the help of mathematical
      methods using electronic data processing. With the help of the comparison of
      evaluation schemata according to Herzog/Schoenmackers and Romaniuk/Schroder on
      the basis of 174 hearts coronarographed post mortem a possibility is demostrated
      to estimate objectively the efficiency of evaluation schemata. The improvement of
      the evaluation after inclusion of the absolute mass of the heart is demonstrated.
      Herzog/Schoenmackers's valuation after the mathematical judgement of the
      probationers examined results in a wrong coordination of altogether 15 per cent,
      Romaniuk/Schroder's valuatiom results in 12.6 per cent. After the inclusion of
      the abolute mass of the heart into this valuation a decrease of the
      malcoordination to 10.3 per cent was achieved.

PMID- 1199264
TI  - [Lymphocyte transformation test  in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitides].
AB  - For the immunological diagnostics of the chronic pancreatitis preliminary results
      on the proof of specifically sensibilized lymphocytes are demonstrated by means
      of a lymphocyte transformation test. The in-vitro-stimulation is successful in
      such a case, when no in-vivo-stimulation preceded, i.e. beyond an acute attack.

PMID- 1199265
TI  - [Complications after antirabies treatment using the Hempt-vaccine].
AB  - A report is given on experiences with complications after antirabic treatment
      with hempt-vaccine gathered during 15 years (1960 to 1974). Among 4,315
      inoculated persons local reactions appeared in 1.9%, a phenol shock in 0.11%,
      general reactions in 0.21% and neurological complications in 0.069%. In casuistic
      form is reported on postvaccinal neuritis, dorsolumbal myelitis and
      meningoencephalitis.

PMID- 1199266
TI  - [Frequent errors in ECG registration].
AB  - The correct ECG-registration is the basic prerequisite for a certain ECG
      diagnostics. If certain mistakes in registration are not taken into consideration
      diagnostic errors attended with grave consequences are possible. The disturbances
      most frequently observed in practice (disturbances on the patient's part, errors
      in working, technical disturbances) are described and explained.

PMID- 1199267
TI  - [Thoracic gunshot-injury with penetration of the pericardium in a 15-year-old
      student].
AB  - On account of the exceptionality is reported on a 15-year-old adolescent who
      suffered a gunshot into the thorax by a device which was built by himself. More
      than 12 hours after the accident for the first time a physician was consulted.
      Then the patient was transported to Leipzig for operation. The missile had
      penetrated the anterior wall of the pericardium, had passed through the cleft
      between exterior layer of the myocardium and the pericardium and lodged at the
      trangression into the adjacent lung. The postoperative course was without
      complications. The patient could be dismissed without any complaints.

PMID- 1199268
TI  - [Eye changes in diabetes mellitus].
AB  - In ophthalmological examinations on 820 diabetics in 32% a diabetic retinopathy I
      or II was found. The frequency of retinopathy correlates with the duration of
      diabetes. A glaucoma (4.8%) or an increased intra-ocular pressure, respectively,
      was statistically significantly more frequent in diabetics than in the total
      population. Among 714 patients with glaucoma about 17% of diabetics were found.
      Compared with the morbidity of diabetes of adequate age groups of the total
      population this is statistically significant. The intraocular pressure of
      patients with glaucoma and diabetes is therapeutically worse to be influenced
      than in patients with glaucoma without diabetes. They need a particularly
      attentive control and therapy. By means of electon-microscope examinations as a
      possible cause for the association of glaucoma and diabetes mellitus similar
      changes in the iridocorneal angle could be found in the two diseases.

PMID- 1199269
TI  - [Secretion of insulin and disorders in fatty acid metabolism in diabetic patients
      with coronary heart diseases].
AB  - The behaviour of the blood glucose, the insulin secretion, the free fatty acids,
      of glycerol and of the triglycerides after glucose tolerance test was examined in
      66 patients with condition after myocardial infarction. 16 of the 34 patients
      loaded with an oral glucose tolerance test and 25 of the 31 patients loaded with
      an intravenous glucose infusion test showed disturbances of the glucose
      tolerance. The insulin secretion was significantly different neither in normal
      nor disturbed or lying in the borderline region glucose tolerance. With
      increasing glycerol values a significant deterioration of the glucose tolerance
      developed. The triglyceride values in the plasma increased with increasing
      insulin secretion. The results seem to be important with regard to the
      pathogenetic relations between the carbohydrate and fat metabolism and might be
      fo importance also for a differentiated therapy.

PMID- 1199270
TI  - [Electrocardiographic findings in a selection-free number of cases of long-term
      diabetic patients].
AB  - When the conventional ECG after resting was used for establishing frequency and
      degree of severity of the ischaemic heart disease the stronger cardiac
      endangering of the longterm diabetic could be ascertained only from residues of
      an infarction (pathologic Q- and QS-types). With regard to all
      electrocardiographic criteria of the ischaemic heart disease according to the WHO
      definition concerning the coronary risk a dependence on age, over-weight and
      increase of blood pressure was found without essential differences between the
      two groups. According to data in literature ischaemic reactions in diabetics are
      significantly more frequently to be expected only by inclusion of the
      electrocardiogram after work. Among the group of diabetics the frequency of the
      ischaemic heart disease increased with the duration of the disease. In contrast
      to retinopathy there was no dependence on the quality of the metabolic condition.

PMID- 1199271
TI  - [Significance of the PV 1 index in the ECG of diabetes mellitus and in the early
      forms of chronic ischemic heart disease].
AB  - In 152 patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic ischaemic heart diseases and
      hypertension the so-called ptf-product resulting from the height of the amplitude
      of P and its time of spreading) measured in the lead V1 (PV1-index), was
      determined and compared with the values of 93 persons with healthy heart.
      Patients of the groups of diseases mentioned showed significantly higher
      pathological values than persons with healthy heart (limiting value -0.02 mms). A
      comparison between patients with chromic ischaemic heart disease at the age of 36
      55 years and a group of diabetics of the same age without the clinical signs of
      an ischaemic heart disease resulted in no statistically ascertained differences.
      But compared with a group of persons with healthy heart of the same age the
      groups clearly differed: 63.9% of pathological values in the total group of
      disease compared with 18.5% of pathological values in persons with healthy heart.
      In 137 patients with latent diabetes (protodiabetes) in 54.7% also pathological
      ptf-values were found. It is possible that the determination of the ptf-product
      is able to ascertain already early forms of a chronic ischaemic heart disease
      still before its clinical manifestation. The large number of pathological values
      in patients with protodiabetes could be a first reference to early beginning
      disturbances of the left-sided atrial activity in the sense of a microangiopathy.

PMID- 1199272
TI  - [Earning- and working disability in long-term diabetic patients].
AB  - On the basis of the experiences of the Berlin Central Institution for Diabetes
      and Metabolic Diseases is reported on the capacity to earn their living and the
      fitness for work of diabetics, especially of 268 long-term diabetics at the age
      in which they can earn their living and at the retirement age. 31% of these
      patients belonged to the group of pensioners, 19% of them are still working. 69%
      of the long-term diabetics are at working age, of them 24% are already pensioners
      due to diabetes and 4% due to other diseases. Among the complications of diabetes
      leading to pensioning are frequently mentioned retinopathy, nephropathy in the
      wider sense, macroangiopathy and neuropathy, rarely, however, instable
      metabolism. The peculiarities are discussed. In answering the difficult question
      of the estimation of the incapacity to earn one's living in diabetics in every
      case the diabetologist should be consulted.

PMID- 1199274
TI  - [Improvement of early diagnostic in general practice].

PMID- 1199273
TI  - [Is there a variation of death causes in diabetic patients].
AB  - On the basis of the post-mortem records of the Institute of Pathology of the
      University and District Hospital Rostock taking into consideration the clinical
      records the cause of 355 diabetics who died in the Rostock clinics from 1956 to
      1972 were established and analysed. The results were compared with similar
      examinations of previous years, in which cases among others we established an
      increase of the mortality of diabetes and an increase of pyogenic infections and
      sclerosing vascular diseases as causes of death in diabetics. Special attention
      is paid to the factors of risk for the development of complications dangerous to
      life in diabetics and it is referred to the prophylactic and therapeutic
      consequences, respectively, resulting from this.

PMID- 1199275
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of arteriovenous lung fistulas].
AB  - On the basis of 6 own cases, 5 of which were observed during one year, the
      clinical picture, the diagnostics and the therapy of the arteriovenous pulmonary
      fistula are described. Of decisive diagnostic importance is the angiography of
      the pulmonary artery which should always be used for the clarification of unclear
      pulmonary foci as well as clinically unclear cyanosis. For the removal of this
      shunt connection in the lesser circulatory system therapeutically only the
      operation comes into question. On account of the threatening complications and
      the inclination to the dilation of the fistula with growing age it is indicated
      also in cases with only slight haemodynamic effect. Dependent on the anatomical
      position of the fistula the ligature of the afferent artery is recommended.

PMID- 1199276
TI  - [Clinical-pharmacological studies on the effect of mephentermin and
      methamphetamine on the hemodynamics of the lung circulation].
AB  - In haemodynamic investigations of altogether 40 male probands with normal and
      restricted functional capacity of the lungs the result of an intravenous
      injection of mephentermine (30 mg) or methamphetamine (15 mg) was a transient
      increase of the mean pressure in the pulmonary artery and of the resistance of
      the pulmonary vessels. Temporarily parallel the arterial mean pressure and the
      resistance of the vessels in the greater circulatory system in most cases
      increased by about the same, in healthy persons after application of
      methamphetamine by a smaller relative amount. In the dosage used the
      vasoconstrictive effect of methamphetamine was altogether only somewhat more
      expressed. At the time of the maximum increase of the mean pressure of the
      pulmonary artery in healthy persons methamphetamine had a negative chronotropic
      and inotropic effect. It is referred to practical therapeutic consequences.

PMID- 1199277
TI  - [Holiday effect in myocardial infarct].
AB  - Aimed measures of the organisation of the combat against infarction demand also
      the observation of temporary frequencies. On the basis of the evaluation of
      certificates of death of the month December of the years 1969 to 1973 of the GDR
      with differentiation according to so-called prehospital dead (persons who died at
      home and on the way to the hospital) and patients who died in the hospital with
      high significance an unwarrantedly high prehospital mortality during the period
      from Christmas to the end of the year (25th to 31st December) was established
      compared with the preceding week (18th to 24th December). Since in contrast to
      this the hospital cases and the cases "on the way" do not show any significant
      differences main tasks for the beginning of improvements concerning health policy
      may be deduced, all the more since the so-called holiday effect, expressed by a
      high home/clinic-relation of patients who died of myocardial infarction, could be
      restricted to 6 counties of the GDR on account of the analysis of further
      localities. From the results the tendency of a retrogression of the holiday
      effect is to be read off in the course of years. In the discussion an
      explantation of this peculiarity is attempted, and practicable conclusions for
      the removal and thus for the improvement the infarct situation are formulated.

PMID- 1199278
TI  - [The significance of the angina pectoris syndrome in a multidisciplinary
      emergency unit].
AB  - A report is given on the incidence-rate of the angina-pectoris-syndrome in the
      reception ward of a multidisciplinary intensive care unit. In the course of 6
      years a total of 83,048 patients was examined. 36,076 of them were patients with
      internal diseases, 28 per cent having cardio-circulatory disturbances. In only 25
      per cent of the cases being admitted with the tentative diagnosis of myocardial
      infarction this could be confirmed. Complaints of arthrogenous or vertebrogenous
      character or hypertonic crises as causative factors for cardialgias must
      especially be taken into consideration differential-diagnostically.

PMID- 1199279
TI  - [Infestation with intestinal helminths in the inhabitants of the city of
      Dresden].
AB  - It is reported on the data of helminthological investigations performed on 1323
      Dresden inhabitants at the age of 14 to 70 years. Furthermore the notifications
      of the affections with tapeworm which had come into the district hygiene
      inspection of Dresden were evaluated. An affection with Ascaris lumbricoides of
      1.2%, with Trichuris trichiura of 1.6%, with Enterobius vermicularis of 14.5% and
      with Taeniarhynchus saginatus of about 1% were proved. In the case of Enterobius
      vermicularis the for the most part affected age groups were the 14- to 20-year
      old test persons and concerning Taeniarhynchus saginatus the 21- to 70-year-old
      test persons. Accumulations of the extensity of the affection with helminths
      bound to a species of hosts were not detected. Concerning the taeniarhynchosis
      since 1966 a permanent increase of the extensity of affection is to be
      registered. The duty of notification concerning taeniarhynchosis is often
      neglected. Only about 1/6 of the affection with tapeworm is notified in the
      district hygiene inspection.

PMID- 1199280
TI  - [Enzymes in urine following administration of hypertonic solutions].
AB  - 3 patients with chronic nephropathies were given 20 ml of a diatrizoate-X-ray
      contrast medium, 500 ml of a 10% mannitol solution and 500 ml of a 10% dextran
      solution intravenously, and the behaviour of the excretion of protein, alanine
      aminopeptidase, beta-glucuronidase, aryl sulphatase A and lysozyme with the urine
      was tested. After application of these substances a transient increase of the
      excretion of alanine aminopeptidase, aryl sulphatase A and protein takes place.
      Conspicuous is the temporary decrease of the beta-glucuronidase activity in the
      urine after application of these hypertonic solutions. As a common cause of these
      changes alterations of the tubular cell in the sense of an osmotic nephropathy
      are to be assumed.

PMID- 1199281
TI  - [Aminopeptidases in the serum following myocardial infarct].
AB  - In 19 patients wiht myocardial infarction during 7 weeks after the onset of the
      infarction the serum activities of the leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and of the
      alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) were determined. Here an increase of the LAP-values
      with a maximum in the 1st week was found. Apparantly a hypoxic lesion of the
      hepatocytes is to be regarded as cause for this. In patients with shock
      symptomatology as well as with heart decompensation the AAP-activities were on
      the average higher than in the cases with myocardial infarction without these
      alterations during the whole period of observation. In all myocardial infarctions
      the AAP-zymograms showed an additional anodic AAP-fraction as it was observed in
      previous investigations in cholestasis.

PMID- 1199282
TI  - [Hypogonadism in male patients with chronic liver disease].
AB  - On the basis of own investigations of the testosteron metabolism in hepatopathy
      must be assumed that the hypogonadism appearing in liver diseases is to be
      regarded as peripheral form, i.e. it is not centrally evoked by gonadotropin
      insufficiency. An own pathogenetic concept is discussed.

PMID- 1199283
TI  - [Studies on the cancer-diagnostic evidence of erythrocyte changes during the
      course of neoplasm treatment].
AB  - In the present communication is reported on the results of further observations
      of the course of the index of the change of erythrocytes of 12 patients in
      connection with four clinical findings and parameters. The data got in these
      cases continue the previously presented reports on the results. In 9 out of 12
      cases there is a correspondence with the indices of the change of erythrocytes
      and the clinical data belonging to this; in the remaining three cases the indices
      of the change of erythrocytes cause to presume a continuation of the malignant
      processes, though the other findings do not indicate this at present.

PMID- 1199284
TI  - [Vasculitis nodularis with participation of inner organs].
AB  - The vasculitis nodularis belongs to the group of the allergic-hyperergic vascular
      diseases of the skin, which above all the small veins are affected at. The
      participation of internal organs is unusual. It is reported on a 31-year-old
      Syrian patient in whom a participation of the liver in form of a granulomatous
      hepatitis and of the kidneys appeared. A hypertension might be attributed to the
      participation of the kidneys. The incorporation of a thrombosis of the central
      vein of the right eye in this disease is probable. The main symptoms of the
      disease were nodes of the size of a bean occurring in batches, lying
      subcutaneously, and were paraclinical signs for inflammation. The permanently
      increased absorption-antistreptolysin titre spoke for an allergic-hyperergic
      vascular process induced by streptococci.

PMID- 1199285
TI  - [Biological basis of behavior regulation].
AB  - A changing of the information is taken as basis for the behaviour of the
      organism. While the metabolism produces a connective relation with the
      environment, the changing of the information delivers an informational relation.
      The two processes are essential constituents of the organism as an open system
      for the maintenance and the increase of the negentropy. The informational
      connection with the environment is primarily non-communicative (the recipient
      performs the verification of the meaning of the signs with meaning). On the basis
      of the changing of information three environments may be differed: (1) the own
      environment (telereceptoric informations on the own body), (2) the informational
      environment and (3) the communicative environment (common alphabet). The most
      important determinants of the behavior which connect the organism with its
      informational environment are pretensions to space, time, metabolism and changing
      of form. In the communicative environment there may be pretensions to territory,
      sex, care and social ones. In organism the behaviour is above all determined by
      vigilance, emotion, motivation, memory (storage), selector (and receptor) as well
      as operator (and effector). The comparative behavioural sciences allow certain
      universal evidence on the basis of such parameters. Here also constituents of the
      human behaviour can be seized.

PMID- 1199286
TI  - [The clinical significance of controlled artificial respiration in patients with
      acute myocardial infarct].
AB  - It is reported on the results of the treatment with artificial ventilation in 20
      patients with complicated myocardial infarction. As indicating sign a decreased
      arterial PO2 (lower than 70 Torr at an respiration of 50% O2 in the respiration
      air) was considered. Further references to clinical indications were depression
      of the breathing centre, severe pulmonary oedema, shock and life-threatening
      therapy-resistent disturbances of the rhythm. The long-term successes of the
      treatment with controlled respiration showed a clear dependence on the severity
      of the cardiac lesion and the general condition of the patient. In 10 cases only
      a transient improvement could be achieved. Three patients survived.

PMID- 1199287
TI  - [The relationship between the surface of the peripheral volume pulse and the
      segmental blood flow].
AB  - It is reported on 65 patients, out of whom in 48 cases angiographically proved
      vascular obstructions in the pelvic and femoral regions were present. The
      comparison of the plethysmographic area calculated and the values of the blood
      supply established in the same segment of extremities resulted in a good
      correlation. The area of the peripheral volume pulse gives references to the
      compensation degree of a vascular obstruction. Slighter sclerotic vascular
      changes already cause a significant decrease of the area of the volume pulse, so
      that this method of evaluation seems to be suitable for the early recognition of
      the arteriosclerosis in the area of extremities.

PMID- 1199288
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of essential adiposity and Cushings syndrome].
AB  - On account of the increasing number of patients with essential obesity the
      delimitation of the Cushing-syndrome is of actual importance. Two observations of
      hypercortisolism in hyperplasia of the adrenal glands are reported on and the
      differential-diagnostically important parameters are demonstrated. According to
      our opinion anamnesis and clinical findings give the possibility of making a
      diagnosis already on a large scale. Analyses of the hormones and special X-ray
      examinations only serve for the preoperative ascertainment and localisation of
      the endocrine defective function. With the help of literary data causes and
      possibilities of treatment of Cushing's syndrome are entered.

PMID- 1199289
TI  - [Kyrle's disease (hyperketarosis follicularis et parafollicularis): local and
      systemic therapy with vitamin A acid (retinoic acid)].
AB  - The cause of Kyrle's disease (hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis) is
      unknown. The prognosis is very poor indeed; there is no specific treatment. The
      normal ranges of serum retinol and carotene were investigated in 10 healthy
      females. In a female patient suffering from Kyrle's disease, the serum level of
      retinol was found in the lower part of the normal range. Striking improvement has
      been noted when the patient was treated systemically with vitamin A acid
      (retinoic acid) which was associated with elevation of serum levels of retinol
      and carotene. When this form of therapy was withdrawn, recurrence of the skin
      lesions was observed and the serum levels of retinol and carotene declined to a
      level similar to that before the treatment. The administration of vitamin A acid
      was resumed, and with rising levels of retinol and carotene the skin condition
      again improved. Several possibilities regarding the treatment of Kyrle's disease
      as well as the mode of action of vitamin A acid are discussed.

PMID- 1199291
TI  - [Introduction of molecular-biological mode of action of 8-methoxypsoralen as well
      as penetration kinetics in the skin].

PMID- 1199290
TI  - [Staphylogenic toxic epidermal necrolysis. II. Experimental STEN in vivo and in
      vitro].

PMID- 1199292
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of actinic reticuloid].

PMID- 1199293
TI  - [Development of xanthoma in hyperlipoproteinemias].

PMID- 1199294
TI  - [Studies on the skin surface dosage of dermatopharmaceutical preparations].
AB  - In human volunteers presenting with normal skin an investigation has been carried
      out to determine the specific skin surface dose, the actual application volume,
      and the theoretical surface film thickness resulting from thin and thick layer
      inunction of 4 common corticosteroid topicals. The findings obtained indicate
      that the skin surface dose provides the most suitable criterion for the terrain
      saturation behaviour exhibited by different formulation types of semi-solid
      topical preparations (inunguenda). Various aspects of the surface dosage concept
      are discussed with regard to the active agents and forms of application of
      external skin remedies. Predicative clinical determinations of the skin surface
      doses of topicals relating to special therapeutic and assessment procedures are
      believed to be a valuable complement to experimental (predictive) determinations
      of this parameter; some problems involved are pointed out by reference to a
      clinical trial example. Data on the application dosage of topicals--either by
      skin surface dose or by volume or layer thickness quantification--have been
      extracted from the dermatological literature and are reviewed with the aim of
      furnishing a basis for comparative estimation of our experimental results.

PMID- 1199295
TI  - [Metastasing melanoma].

PMID- 1199296
TI  - [Exophytic bowenoid squamous cell carcinoma].

PMID- 1199297
TI  - [Boeck's sarcoid].

PMID- 1199298
TI  - [Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita with plano-tuberous hemangioma].

PMID- 1199299
TI  - [Diffuse myxedema in primary hypothyroidism].

PMID- 1199300
TI  - [Comparative studies on Diproderm-cream].

PMID- 1199301
TI  - [Werner's syndrome with metastasizing malignant struma].

PMID- 1199302
TI  - [Multicentric, disseminated reticulohistiocytosis with plasma cells[].

PMID- 1199303
TI  - [Unusual necrobiosis lipoidica in diabetes mellitus, hypertension, euthyroid
      struma].

PMID- 1199304
TI  - [Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (naevobasaliomatosis), diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1199305
TI  - [Subcutaneous nodular sarcoidosis (sarcoid Darier-Roussy)].

PMID- 1199306
TI  - [Porphyria cutanea tarda, vasculitis allergica, diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1199307
TI  - Effect of bilirubin on stored red blood cells.
AB  - Bilirubin may cause haemolysis of red cells, especially in the presence of light.
      The possible dependence of this effect on the metabolic state of the cells has
      been investigated. For this purpose erythrocytes were stored up to five days to
      deplete the concentration of ATP. Every day a constant amount of bilirubin was
      added to the cells. On third day of storage bilirubin induced haemolysis, which
      was aggravated rapidly during further storage. Bilirubin-induced haemolysis could
      be reduced after increasing the ATP levels by incubation of the red cells with
      inosine.

PMID- 1199308
TI  - On the fluorimetric determination of oestriol in pregnancy urines after thin
      layer chromatography.
AB  - An improved method is described for the determination of oestriol concentrations
      in urines of pregnant women. Oestriol is detected as a derivate of 1
      dimethylaminonaphtalene-5-sulphonylchloride (DANSYLchloride). The method has the
      following characteristics: 1. The recovery of oestriol-16-glucuronide is 94%. 2.
      For the interpretation of the results obtained with this method mean values and
      95% probability bounds of urinary oestriol excretion for each week of the last
      three months of pregnancy are given. (e.g. 49--125 mumol/24 h at 32 weeks of
      gestation, 108--238 mumol/24 h at 40 weeks). 3. The coefficient of variation of
      the method is 4% (from day to day). 4. The lowest detectable concentration is 3
      mumol/l. 5. Influence of glucose can be eliminated. 6. Other urinary compounds
      have no influence on the determination.

PMID- 1199309
TI  - A systematic investigation on the Hemalog.
AB  - The Hemalog system is an automated hematological instrument. From one sample this
      instrument determines the value for platelets (PBC), white blood cells (WBC), red
      blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and the hematocrit simultaneously. Moreover
      the system calculates the derived values: the mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell
      hemoglobin (MCH) and the mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The values
      were investigated for cross sample contamination, coincidence, reproducibility,
      and compared with other methods. From this comparative study we can conclude that
      the Hemalog is a suitable and reliable instrument for hematological
      determination.

PMID- 1199310
TI  - Quality control in hematology by means of values from patients.
AB  - The results of the analyses which were obtained with the Hemalog for the
      determination of platelets, white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin and
      hematocrit were statistically analysed for the quality control of the
      determinations. Now that the testing method has been applied for 6 months, it
      appears from the results that it is extremely suitable for the determination of
      hemoglobin, red blood cells and the hematocrit and, to a lesser extent, for white
      blood cells and platelets.

PMID- 1199311
TI  - [The influence of feeding on clinical-chemical parameters in the serum of rats
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In the serum of 40 male and 40 female rats  the following parameters were
      determined: Sodium, potassium, creatinine, chloride, calcium, inorganic
      phosphorus, glucose, urea, protein, cholesterol, bilirubin, lipids, alanine amino
      transferase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine arylamidase. The analyses were
      carried out in the same rats both after continuous feeding, and after a 24-hour
      fasting periods spaced at intervals of 3- to 4-weeks. The concentration of
      glucose and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase
      were higher after feeding than after fasting, and in most cases these differences
      were statistically significant. The concentration of lipids tended towards
      increased values. The other parameters examined were slightly or not influenced
      by the time of the foregoing feeding.

PMID- 1199312
TI  - [Micro method for the selective assay of unesterified long chain fatty acids in
      serum (author's transl)].
AB  - A microanalytical method is reported for the selective and direct determination
      of low concentrations of unesterified fatty acids in serum. A new procedure is
      used to form derivatives of the fatty acids with alkyl iodide, which are
      separated over a solid phase of K2CO3. The assay was developed for the
      qualitative and quantitative determination of unesterified fatty acids mobilized
      from fat tissue in defined metabolic states.

PMID- 1199313
TI  - [Quantitative determination of enteral calcium resorption with enriched stable
      46Ca (author's transl)].
AB  - The application of a Ca-resportion test without the use of radioisotopes, which
      can therefore be used for babies, children and pregnant women, was investigated
      on 14 adult patients. In place of a radioisotope, an enriched form of the stable
      isotope 46Ca was administered orally, and the proportion of the applied dose of
      46Ca appearing in the serum and urine was measured. 46Ca was measured by neutron
      activation over 47Sc. The clinical picture showed a close correlation with the
      determined resorption capacities. On the basis of the results, patients were
      classified into three groups: those with normal, increased, and decreased Ca
      resorption.

PMID- 1199314
TI  - [Proceedings: Diagnosis and therapy of atrial myxoma and long-term results after
      surgery].

PMID- 1199315
TI  - [Proceedings: Postmortal level of tissue iron in hemochromatosis and its
      correlation to iron storage myocardosis].

PMID- 1199316
TI  - [Proceedings: Determination of the digoxin serum level in cardiomyopathy due to
      coronary sclerosis and heart valve diseases].

PMID- 1199317
TI  - [Proceedings: Effect of exercise therapy on bradycardia in rest and under
      stress].

PMID- 1199318
TI  - [Proceedings: Myocardial disease in familial iron storage disease].

PMID- 1199319
TI  - [Proceedings: Methods and clinical significance of usual B-scan instruments in
      cardiological diagnosis].

PMID- 1199320
TI  - [Proceedings: Contractility-increasing effect of dipyridamole in the isolated
      ventricular myocardium].

PMID- 1199321
TI  - [Proceedings: Evaluation of a ventricular function disorder in the radiogram
      levocardiogram and stress kymogram in coronary disease (4 grades of severity)].

PMID- 1199322
TI  - [Proceedings: Comparative radioimmunological studies on renal elimination of
      digoxin and beta-methyldigoxin].

PMID- 1199323
TI  - [Proceedings: Lidoflazin--a coronary drug with anti-fibrillatory properties].

PMID- 1199324
TI  - [Proceedings: Reliability of ischemia reaction in the stress EKG for the
      determination of effective coronary stenoses].

PMID- 1199325
TI  - [Proceedings: Usefulness of multi-track tape storage instruments in the
      ambulatory cardiological practice].

PMID- 1199326
TI  - [Proceedings: Therapy of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) with partial AV
      block].

PMID- 1199327
TI  - [Proceedings: Corrected transposition of the great vessels as a differential
      diagnostic alternative to myocardiopathy].

PMID- 1199328
TI  - [Proceedings: Serial angiocardiography with the 70 X 70 mm size in children].

PMID- 1199329
TI  - [Proceedings: The effect of after-stress on the normal and ischemic dog
      myocardium].

PMID- 1199330
TI  - [Proceedings: Value of plasma level determinations of cardioactive drugs during
      therapy].

PMID- 1199331
TI  - [Proceedings: Multivariable analysis of risk factors for coronary disease in post
      heart infarct patients and in patients with angiographically demonstrable
      coronary sclerosis].

PMID- 1199332
TI  - [Proceedings: Simultaneous registration of pressure and speed of pressure
      increase as a loop figure in the diagnosis of left ventricle ejection
      resistance].

PMID- 1199333
TI  - [Proceedings: The significance of the sinus node recovery time in sinus node
      syndrome].

PMID- 1199334
TI  - [Proceedings: Composition of patient material, indications and complications in
      1900 selective coronary angiographies].

PMID- 1199335
TI  - [Proceedings: The diagnosis of coronary-ventricular fistulas].

PMID- 1199336
TI  - [Proceedings: Ultrasound cardiographic findings in cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 1199337
TI  - [Proceedings: Classification of cardiomyopathies].

PMID- 1199338
TI  - [Proceedings: The myocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of cardiomyopathies.
      Technical aspects and complications].

PMID- 1199339
TI  - [Proceedings: Differential diagnosis of cardiomyopathies by means of
      endomyocardial catheter biopsy].

PMID- 1199340
TI  - [Proceedings: The transvenous myocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of primary non
      obstructive cardiomyopathies].

PMID- 1199341
TI  - [Proceedings: Diagnosis of primary cardiomyopathies by means of myocardial
      biopsy].

PMID- 1199342
TI  - [Proceedings: Hemodynamic studies in obstructive and non-obstructive
      myocardiopathy under ergometric and sympathicomimetic stress].

PMID- 1199343
TI  - [Proceedings: Left bundle block in congestive cardiomyopathy (CCM)].

PMID- 1199344
TI  - [Proceedings: Heart rhythm and conduction disorders in Chagas cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 1199345
TI  - [Proceedings: The pathological anatomy of hemochromatotic myocardosis--light and
      electronmicroscopic findings].

PMID- 1199346
TI  - [Proceedings: Coxsackie-perimyocarditis with accompanying supraventricular heart
      rhythm disorders].

PMID- 1199347
TI  - [Proceedings: Biochemical changes in the dog myocardium caused by long term
      alcohol administration].

PMID- 1199348
TI  - [Proceedings: The congestive cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 1199349
TI  - [Proceedings: Clinical use of camera-cinematography of the heart].

PMID- 1199350
TI  - [Proceedings: Myocardial scintigraphy with 201 thallium].

PMID- 1199351
TI  - [Proceedings: Regional perfusion distribution in the myocardium by means of drugs
      with effects on the coronary vessels].

PMID- 1199352
TI  - [Proceedings: Myocardial movement and stroke volume distribution after myocardial
      infarct. Non-invasive study by means of a radionuclide].

PMID- 1199353
TI  - [Proceedings: Estimation of changes in ventricular dimension by means of
      echocardiography under pacemaker induced increase of the heart rate].

PMID- 1199354
TI  - [Proceedings: New echographic possibilities for the evaluation of the aortic
      root: hemodynamic relationships and clinical significance].

PMID- 1199355
TI  - [Proceedings: Echocardiography in the evaluation of drug therapy of
      cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 1199356
TI  - [Proceedings: New clinical aspects in atrial myxoma].

PMID- 1199357
TI  - [Proceedings: Hemodynamics and segmental wall movements of the left ventricle in
      coronary disease in rest and after exertion].

PMID- 1199358
TI  - [Proceedings: Regional myocardial tension in ventricles with heart wall
      aneurysm].

PMID- 1199359
TI  - [Proceedings: Circumferential contraction speed and local wall movement as a
      measure of the regional myocardial function].

PMID- 1199361
TI  - [Proceedings: The behavioral of the regional myocardial blood flow in stenosis
      dependent myocardial regions before and after administration of nitrates].

PMID- 1199360
TI  - [Proceedings: Correlation between left ventricular wall movement and regional
      myocardial blood flow].

PMID- 1199362
TI  - [Proceedings: Left ventricular function in congestive cardiomyopathy and the
      effect of nitrates].

PMID- 1199363
TI  - [Ventricular volume, expulsion fraction and median fibrillar contraction speed in
      patients with coronary disease before and after administration of nitrates].

PMID- 1199364
TI  - [Proceedings: The effect of the decrease of heart work on the size of the infarct
      in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1199365
TI  - [Proceedings: The effect of verapramil (isoptin) on the hemodynamics and size of
      the acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1199367
TI  - [Proceedings: Correlations between changes in the coronary vessels and myocardial
      function in rest and under isometric stress].

PMID- 1199366
TI  - [Proceedings: Energy providing reactions and contractility in the surviving
      myocardium after myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1199368
TI  - [Proceedings: Symptoms of the prehospital phase in reaction to the EKG findings
      and the clinical course in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1199369
TI  - [Proceedings: Risk factors, coronary morphology and hemodynamics in 220 men under
      40 years of age with coronary disease].

PMID- 1199370
TI  - [Proceedings: Effect of training in dependence of the pulmonary artery, resp.
      pulmonary capillary pressure under stress in myocardial infarct patients].

PMID- 1199371
TI  - [Proceedings: Hemodynamic effects of controlled home training as a permanent
      treatment in coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 1199372
TI  - [Proceedings: Volume parameters of the left and right ventricles in
      cardiomyopathies].

PMID- 1199373
TI  - [Proceedings: Computer system for the automatic analysis of heart catheterization
      data].

PMID- 1199374
TI  - [Proceedings: Experiences with the routine interpretation of heart
      catheterization data by automatic on-line analysis].

PMID- 1199375
TI  - [Proceedings: Automatic measurement of systolic time intervals in rest and under
      stress].

PMID- 1199376
TI  - [Proceedings: Results of the automatic analysis of the Frank-EKG in 550 healthy
      children from the 4th to the 15th year of life].

PMID- 1199377
TI  - [Proceedings: Evaluation of the myocardial function from heart exterior rim
      movements in comparison to ventriculographically determined changes in
      dimension].

PMID- 1199378
TI  - [Proceedings: Problems of the evaluation of contractility by means of Vmax"].

PMID- 1199379
TI  - [Proceedings: Experiences with a study program for expulsion inhibitions in the
      left ventricles].

PMID- 1199380
TI  - [Proceedings: Hemodynamic and pharmacological findings during sotalol therapy in
      arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1199381
TI  - [Proceedings: Therapy results with various beta-receptor blockaders in patients
      with stress hypertension under medium severe physical stress].

PMID- 1199382
TI  - [Proceedings: Radioimmunological determination of the glycoside concentration in
      human tissues].

PMID- 1199383
TI  - [Proceedings: Regional contraction in congestive cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 1199384
TI  - [Proceedings: Course studies in patients with mitral and double valve
      prosthesis].

PMID- 1199385
TI  - [Proceedings: Comparative studies on the expulsion fraction and volume of the
      left ventricle in mitral and aortic valve regurgitation].

PMID- 1199386
TI  - [Proceedings: Hemodynamic studies following Bjork-Shiley mitral valve
      prostheses].

PMID- 1199387
TI  - [Proceedings: Stimulation therapy of recurring tachycardias in sinus node
      syndrome].

PMID- 1199388
TI  - [Proceedings: The significance of atrial single stimulation for the diagnosis of
      the sinus node syndrome].

PMID- 1199389
TI  - [Proceedings: Long-term results after isotope pacemaker implantation].

PMID- 1199390
TI  - [Proceedings: Changes in the electrocardiogram after surgical manipulation of the
      carotid arteries].

PMID- 1199391
TI  - [The effect of light on the cholesterol determination].
AB  - The colour reaction between cholesterol, acetic acid, sulphuric acid and ferric
      chloride is influenced by light. According to the intensity and length of
      exposure, a reduction in extinction is proportional to the cholesterol content.

PMID- 1199392
TI  - [Combined cleaning and cold sterilization procedure for cleaning rooms in
      virological establishments].
AB  - It is reported of a new technique for the cleansing and cold sterilization of
      glass-ware which is particularly suited for virological laboratories and other
      laboratories working at cell and tissue cultures. The combined use of an alkaline
      cleansing agent and sterilization with Wofasteril, a peracetic acid preparation,
      permits to accelerate considerably the return of culture flasks for re-use.

PMID- 1199393
TI  - [Report on the experience in intracellular microelectrode studies of the external
      eye muscles with the stereotactic surgical device SESH-2].
AB  - The Soviet SESH-2 stereotactic surgical device for micro-electrode examinations
      offers technical advantages in the derivation of the intracellular muscle fibre
      membrane potential after resting and of the intracellular potential of the
      peripheric ocular muscles after irritation as well as in the study of the central
      irritation of the nuclei of the ocular muscles. The coupling of two hydraulic
      micromanipulators permits to perform in vivo various investigations of the ocular
      muscles by means of micro-electrodes. The numerous possibilities of variation and
      assembly according to the modular principle allows also simultaneous studies on
      ocular muscle mechanics.

PMID- 1199394
TI  - [A new automated method for the complement fixation reaction].
AB  - The authors describe an automatic method for the complement fixation reaction.
      Antigen, complement, and barbitolum-buffer are dropped automatically. The
      fixation reaction is performed in a refugotor, in Kolmer's method. An
      autoanalyzer (flow-stream principle) is used for the lysis reaction. The
      advantages of this method are discussed.

PMID- 1199395
TI  - [A method for the fragmentation of bull spermatozoa and the isolation of median
      piece-tail fragments].
AB  - A method is proposed for ultrasonic fragmentation of spermatozoa of Bos taurus
      followed by the isolation of a middle piece-tail-fraction.

PMID- 1199396
TI  - [The sterilization of serum and trypsin for cell cultivation with
      betapropiolactone].
AB  - The authors describe a method for the cold sterilization of serum and trypsin
      with beta-propiolactone which is intended for use in cell cultivation. It is an
      effectual preventative against contamination by viruses and mycoplasms via the
      serum and trypsin used.

PMID- 1199397
TI  - [A rinsing attachment for the apparatus for automated analysis].
AB  - The authors describe a rinsing attachment for the flow-through type auto-analyzer
      of the VEB MLW Prufgeratewerk Medingen. This attachment reduces the material and
      time required for clinicochemical and other techniques.

PMID- 1199398
TI  - [A measuring probe for glucose. 2. International state; further measurements,
      studies and experiences with the glucose probe].
AB  - Subsequent to the first paper and complementary to it, the present one gives a
      survey of the international state of work at a glucose probe (and an artificial
      pancreas) as well as additional methodical advice. It then discuss the glucose
      probe and its measuring properties including the possibility of kinetic
      measurement. It also deals with other probe systems, the use of carrier-fixed
      enzymes and the problem of miniaturization. The paper concludes with an economic
      consideration and an evaluation of the results of obtained.

PMID- 1199399
TI  - [A method for the application of the protein concentrate in foil electrophoresis
      of cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 1199400
TI  - Cytochemical differentiation of red and white fibers in the respiratory muscles
      of a fresh-water mud-eel, Macrognathus aculeatum (Bloch).
AB  - 1. Functional morphology including the origin, insertion, innervation and action
      of the respiratory muscles in relation to buccal pressure and opercular suction
      pumps in a fresh-water mud-eel, Macrognathus aculeatum have been studied. 2.
      Cytochemical studies were made on the SDH activity of Adductor maxillaris,
      Adductor mandibularis, Protractor hyoideus, Dilator-operculi, Levator operculi,
      Adductor operculi, Inferior and Superior Hyohyoideus and the adductor muscles of
      gill filaments. The intensity of reaction reveals the composite nature of the
      respiratory muscles. Adductor mandibularis is made up entirely of white muscle
      fibers whereas others are composed of red as well as white muscle fibers. The
      Adductor maxillaris consists of superficial white muscle fibers whereas the
      interior is dominated by red muscle fibers. 3. The muscles innervated by the
      branches of VIIth facialis is dominated by red fibers whereas those innervated by
      the Vth trigeminal are dominated by white muscle fibers. 4. The adductor muscle
      units of the gills are made up entirely of red muscle fibers. This suggests the
      continued role of adductor muscle during the ventilation of gill lamellae.

PMID- 1199401
TI  - Polyploidy in the human myometrium.
AB  - In an investigation to determine whether the enlargement of cells and nuclei in
      the myometrium of the human uterus during pregnancy is related to the development
      of polyploidy or not, the following facts were established, mainly on the basis
      of cytophotometric analysis of nuclei isolated with a newly developed mechanical
      technique from a series of uteri in different states with regard to the
      reproductive process (juvenile, nulligravida, gravida, sectio parva, sectio
      caesarea). 1. Polyploid nuclei arise only during pregnancy. They can still be
      found for many years after the puerperium; their occurrence, however, remains a
      discrete phenomenon. 2. During pregnancy, a swelling of virtually all diploid
      nuclei is observed, which is present  as early as 16 weeks after conception, but
      a significant increase of the nuclear projection area is found only in the
      Caesarean section group. This swelling, which (might occur under hormonal
      influence is possibly of a functional nature and is separate from the development
      of polyploidy as such. 3. By means of the tracing of double sex chromatin bodies
      in the nuclei, the occurrence of tetraploid nuclei in the myometrium could be
      demonstrated both in nuclear suspensions and in sections of intact uterine wall.

PMID- 1199402
TI  - [Cytoarchitecture of the formatio reticularis of the brain stem of the dolphin].
AB  - In the present study some qualitative and quantitative features of the reticular
      formation of the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain have been elucidated by
      cytoarchitectonic methods in the dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). The studies have
      demonstrated that similar to land mammalia, the dolphin has a reticular formation
      made up of spatially open cell groups lying in the deepest parts of the brain
      stem. Cytoarchitectonically the component parts of the reticular formation show a
      number of peculiarities enabling us to distinguish separate nuclei. In the
      dolphin peculiar architectonics have been observed in the nucleus
      gigantocellularis medullae oblongatae, nucleus papillioformis or the nucleus
      reticularis tegmenti Bechterewi and the nucleus centralis superior medialis seu
      ventralis. Fairly poor in cells are the nucleus centralis caudalis pontis and the
      nucleus  centralis oralis pontis. We failed to single out as autonomous nuclei
      cell groups corresponding to  the nucleus funiculi lateralis and the nucleus
      paratrochlearis of the land mammalia. The size and density of cells in nuclei
      have a number of peculiarities. The analysis of the ratios of the brainstem
      volume to that of reticular structures has shown them to be the smallest in the
      dolphin as compared with land mammals. The smaller share held by the brain-stem
      reticular formation and its cytoarchitectonic features can be associated with the
      functional properties resulting from the greater specialization of some of brain
      stem systems (e.g. auditory, vestibular, extrapyramidal etc.) in the dolphin in
      comparison with land mammals.

PMID- 1199403
TI  - [The application of special photographic technics in electron microscopy].
AB  - The paper reports about the application of special photographical technics in the
      electron microscopy. Using this methods the information contents of
      electromicrogramms are better to be utilized than with conventional
      photographical technics. Holocopy (Holokopie) allows to copy negatives of a high
      degree of density whereas the developing detail filter technics (Entwicklungs
      detailverfahren, EDFV) as a photochemical mask method equalizes the plain
      contrast and improves the detail contrast and the sharpness of outlines.

PMID- 1199404
TI  - Postischaemic circulation disturbances.
AB  - Restoration of blood supply after ischaemic conditions in extremities and testes
      is inhibited by reversible intravasal aggregation of erythrocytes. This process
      is promoted by the increased permeability of the capillaries associated with the
      formation of oedema and the entailing increase of the haematocrit. For overcoming
      the stasis the increased structural viscosity caused by the aggregation of
      erythrocytes requires an increase in pressure as a starter effect which is not
      achieved by the flow pressure at once everywhere. Intravenously administered
      particles of Indian ink mark the formation and dissolution of aggregates. Even
      areas with originally normal blood supply may be obstructed by the later
      formation of aggregates. Thrombi on the walls of arterial and venous vessels and
      other lesions of the intima do not sufficiently explain the disturbance of
      perfusion. Oedema and extravasating leucocytes are found in the microcirculation.
      The parenchyma to be supplied shows formation of necrosis.

PMID- 1199405
TI  - [Stratification in the central nervous system].
AB  - Stratigenesis in the optic tectum of developing chick embryos was investigated
      between the 4th and the 11th day of incubation. Stratification is achieved by
      successive emigration of cell contigents from the proliferative layer. In the
      opinion of the authors the main factor which determines this very regular cell
      migration would be a gradient of oxygen and of metabolites. The gradient has to
      appear in the wall of tectum due to its typical vascular network. Experiences
      with induced hypoxia or with selective damage of the proliferative layer
      strengthen the hypotesis of an oxygen gradient playing the role of a generally
      active epigenetic factor in the stratigenesis of the central nervous system.

PMID- 1199406
TI  - [Ball cells and the structure of the epidermis of anuran larvae. I. Ascaphus
      truei Stejneger].
AB  - 1. A special cell numerously occuring in the epidermis of the anuran larva of
      Ascaphus truei which must be called ball cell because of its usual shape, more
      thoroughly has been investigated by microscope. Especially plain preparations
      besides cross sections stained in customary way, respectively worked up
      histochemically with regard to orientation, were used for that. 2. The ball cell
      the very characteristical epidermal attribute of Ascaphus larva-is an exocrine
      element with apparently far extending continuous merocrine secretion. The product
      contains mucous substances partly being of acid kind. The activity in any case is
      extending to metamorphosis. 3. Altogether the cells are forming a simple
      endoepidermal plain gland with differently displayed parts: strong condensation
      of the elements, for instance, in a circumoral zone, scanty distribution in the
      whole middle back over all.

PMID- 1199407
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on Diphyllobothrium ditremum and D. dendriticum (Cestoda,
      Pseudophyllidea), with emphasis on the scolex tegument and the tegument in the
      area around the genital atrium.
AB  - The scolices of D. ditremum and D. dendriticum are similar in regard to general
      morphology and ultrastructure of the tegument. At the scolex apex and along the
      upper bothrial edges sensory endings are numerous. The inner bothrium surface of
      D. ditremum appears to be plain or smooth, the distal cytoplasm is only about 0.6
      mum thick and covered with long and slender microtriches. When D. ditremum is
      attached to the host gut an adhesive layer of secreted substance exists between
      the inner bothrium surface and the host intestinal villi. In D. dendriticum,
      however, no secreted layer exists between the inner bothrium surface and the host
      intestinal villi and the inner bothrium surface of this species appears to be
      lobed or lappet formed. The lobes are protrusions of the distal cytoplasm and are
      covered with long and slender microtriches. Large conglomerations of secretion
      globules appearing to be enclosed by a double membrane, are observed in the
      scolices of D. dendriticum and D. ditremum, although more frequent in the latter.
      Differences existing between the distal cytoplasm of the scolex and the gravid
      proglottid are described. The papillae around the genital atrium in mature and
      gravid segments were studied. Each papilla appears as a thickening of the distal
      cytoplasm, which in this region is 10-12 mum thick, when studied with
      transmission electron microscope. From the area between the papillae sensory
      endings appearing in sections to be either single, double or triple are
      described.

PMID- 1199408
TI  - Aerobic glucose metabolism in the digestive gland of Littorina saxatilis rudis
      (Maton) and in the daughter sporocysts of Microphallus similis (Jag.).
AB  - Experiments, some in vitro and some in vivo, with glucose-U-14C, acetate-U-14C,
      succinate-1,4-14C, pyruvate-U-14C and citrate-1,5-14C indicate that the digestive
      gland of Littorina saxatilis rudis and the daughter sporocysts of Microphallus
      similis aerobically catabolise glucose via an EMP pathway, a TCA cycle,
      phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylation and malate decarboxylation. The host and
      parasite have similar transamination and synthetic reactions and alanine as a
      major carbohydrate excretory product. Oxidative metabolism appears to be less
      efficient in the parasite than in the host.

PMID- 1199409
TI  - Morphology and behaviour of sex chromosomes during meiosis in Ascaris suum.
AB  - The morphology and behaviour of sex chromosomes was studied in A. suum during
      meiosis. It was found that the five sex chromosomes have their proper
      characteristic. The largest is submetacentric, of 2 microns mean length. The
      second largest is acrocentric, mean length of 1.4 mu. The third largest is
      metacentric, 1.2 mu mean length. The fourth and the fifth are metacentric, of
      mean length of 1 mu. In primary and secondary spermatocyte cells the sex
      chromosomes are close to each other, most often in the peripheral part of the
      cell. During anaphase I the pentad sex chromosomes lie freely between the two
      sister cells. It is assumed that in anaphase II the five sex chromosomes divide
      equally and are regularly distributed in the daughter cells. It was found that
      the chromosomes set of female Ascaris in metaphase I contains 24 bivalent
      chromosomes n = 24 and of male Ascaris 19 bivalents and 5 univalents. It is
      assumed that the univalent chromosomes, found in spermatocyte cells, determine
      sex.

PMID- 1199410
TI  - A Byrd's-eye-view of Washington.

PMID- 1199411
TI  - Assessment of operability in carcinoma of the lung.

PMID- 1199412
TI  - Psychological factors in the etiology of lung cancer.

PMID- 1199413
TI  - Incidental renal imaging during bone scanning with 99mTc-polyphosphate: a
      diagnostic bonus.

PMID- 1199414
TI  - Prostaglandins and fertility.

PMID- 1199415
TI  - Urine sediment as an indicator of urinary tract infection.

PMID- 1199416
TI  - Chronic meningococcemia.

PMID- 1199417
TI  - The bitter pill: socialized medicine in Britain.

PMID- 1199418
TI  - Continuing medical education....

PMID- 1199419
TI  - Life or death--whose decision--theological aspects.

PMID- 1199420
TI  - Menkes' kinky hair syndrome.

PMID- 1199421
TI  - Duodeno-colic fistulae due to carcinoma of transverse colon.

PMID- 1199422
TI  - Mitral valve prolapse syndrome.

PMID- 1199423
TI  - Necrosis of the colon following elective resection of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

PMID- 1199424
TI  - An ideal catheter: the simple curve.
AB  - A complex variety of catheter shapes has developed in the short period since
      Seldinger first introduced percutaneous angiography. The author has discovered in
      the course of several thousand selective arteriograms that only only one
      cartheter is needed: the original simple curve.

PMID- 1199425
TI  - Supraclavicular approach for upper dorsal sympathectomy.

PMID- 1199426
TI  - Retrograde antecubital arteriovenous fistula for chronic hemodialysis.

PMID- 1199427
TI  - Emergency selective aortography for acute lesions of the thoracic aorta.
AB  - Emergency selective aortography is necessary for the definitive diagnosis of
      acute lesions of the thoracic aorta and defines their therapeutic possibilities.
      Cineradiography is very helpful and is complementary fo the roentgenograms. In
      this paper the study of dissecting aneurysms, tears of the aortic wall, ruptured
      aortic aneurysms and traumatic aortic lacerations is described. A new anatomic
      classification of dissecting aneurysms combined with that of De Bakey et al. is
      presented.

PMID- 1199428
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of an iliac vein.
AB  - A 67 year old female was seen as an emergency some three days following a minor
      fall with spontaneous rupture of the left iliac vein. Emergency surgery consisted
      of repair of the venous rent, compartmentation of the vena cava, thrombectomy,
      and subsequently anticoagulation. Etiology of the rupture was considered to be
      the thrombosis in the proximal portion of the iliac vein which created a high
      venous pressure behind the thrombus.

PMID- 1199430
TI  - [Determination of the subject of medicine and its place in the system of
      sciences].

PMID- 1199429
TI  - Letter: Abdominal angina.

PMID- 1199431
TI  - [Specification of the problem of man as the subject of medicine].

PMID- 1199432
TI  - [Specification of the subject of human ecology].

PMID- 1199434
TI  - [Study of norms in medicine].

PMID- 1199433
TI  - [Maintenance of the idea of "biological progress" as applied to modern man].

PMID- 1199435
TI  - [Philosophical aspects of the problem of the correlation of etiology and
      pathogenesis].

PMID- 1199436
TI  - [Understanding the integral reflection of the brain on the basic principle of
      reflection "differences according to spectrum"].

PMID- 1199437
TI  - [Some philosophic problems of medical diagnosis].

PMID- 1199438
TI  - [Clinical and social-occupational prognosis from the position of modern science
      on prognosis].

PMID- 1199439
TI  - [Some methodologic aspects in quantitative-qualitative disorders of the
      metabolism of substances].

PMID- 1199440
TI  - [Dual nature of the group antigen tag of the blood cells and tissue of man].

PMID- 1199441
TI  - ["Dual nature" of the ABO antigen system in the blood cells and tissues of man].

PMID- 1199442
TI  - The influence of selected cytostatics on human trophoblast in vitro.
AB  - The effect of cytostatics (Methotrexate, Oncovin and Dactinomycin) on early human
      trophoblast in vitro was studied by the tissue (organ) culture technique
      according to Trowell and by brief incubation with thymidine 3H. The cytostatics
      were tested by the method of Tanneberger in clinical and tenfold higher doses.
      The criteria for cytostatic efficacy were based an activity of DNA, histologic
      and histochemical changes, and secretion of hormonal chorionic gonadotropin. In
      vitro cultures of trophoblast were found to be a good model for evaluation of
      cytostatics, and the tested chemotherapeutics were effective
      chemotherapeutically. Upon addition to in vitro cultures they changed the
      structure and function of trophoblastic cells, resulting in depression of DNA
      resynthesis, histologic changes, changes in enzyme activities assessed
      histochemically, and impaired HCG secretion. The most pronounced effects were
      obtained with Dactinomycin or with a combination of Dactinomycin and
      methotrexate. Methotrexate alone had the weakest effect on DNA resynthesis and
      structure of the trophoblastic cells. The effect achieved with methotrexate after
      120 hours was equal to the effect of Dactinomycin after 48 hours. Comparison of
      the histologic and hormonal results with DNA activity showed concordance between
      the intensity of morphologic and hormonal changes and impairment of nucleic acid
      functions.

PMID- 1199443
TI  - Induction of antibody synthesis in vitro by immunogenic RNA.
AB  - Spleen cells (SpC) from nonimmunized CFW mice were converted into antibody plaque
      forming cells (PFC) by incubation with RNA extracted from livers and spleens of
      immunized mice (4 days after a single intravenous injection of 0.2 ml of 5% sheep
      red blood cells (SRBC). RNA was extracted by the phenol-detergent procedure only
      when sensitization determined by the technique of Jerne showed at least one PFC
      per 1,500 SpC. Immunogenic activity of RNA from lives of immunized mice was
      identical with that of RNA from spleens. Immunogenic RNA was inactivated by RNase
      but not by DNase or pronase, indicating that induction of antibody synthesis
      requires intact RNA. Newly synthesized antibodies were specific for the SRBC
      injected antigen; plaques did not occur when other RBC were used in place of SRBC
      for the in vitro test. The influence of antibiotics on this phenomenon is also
      discussed.

PMID- 1199444
TI  - [The attitude of medical students to concepts of social and preventive medicine].

PMID- 1199445
TI  - [Patient attitudes to different organizational forms of a university medical
      outpatient clinic].

PMID- 1199446
TI  - [Inconsistency in answering a questionnaire on alcohol-, nicotine-, and drug
      consumption. Extent of the resulting distortion of the total results].

PMID- 1199447
TI  - [Tolerance limits for a mixture of 2 two-dimensional populations: estimation of
      the frequency of misclassification].

PMID- 1199448
TI  - [Comparison of spirometric values obtained by the M403 analyzer and Fleisch'
      Spirotest].

PMID- 1199449
TI  - [Editorial: Environmental health and social and preventive medicine].

PMID- 1199450
TI  - [Nutrition study among Nacka meal consumers].

PMID- 1199451
TI  - [Sport injuries in youths].

PMID- 1199452
TI  - [Editorial: Man and environment].

PMID- 1199453
TI  - [Health risks of high energy radiation from nuclear power plants].

PMID- 1199454
TI  - [Urban environment and health].

PMID- 1199455
TI  - [Drug consumption as a reaction to noise].

PMID- 1199456
TI  - [Pulmonary effects of organic dust].

PMID- 1199458
TI  - [Food inspection and environmental pollution].

PMID- 1199457
TI  - [Pollution caused by lead and mercury].

PMID- 1199459
TI  - [Environmental factors and cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 1199460
TI  - [Application of typological analysis to the epidemiology of chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 1199463
TI  - [The basis of screening - definitions, aims, principles, evaluation of methods,
      and classification].

PMID- 1199461
TI  - [The draft for a federal law on environmental protection].

PMID- 1199462
TI  - [Editorial: Preventive health examinations: screening and check-ups].

PMID- 1199464
TI  - [The evaluation of preventive health programs].

PMID- 1199465
TI  - [Selective screening of high risk groups].

PMID- 1199466
TI  - [Early detection of cancer].

PMID- 1199467
TI  - [Coronary disease: screening and the presumptive value of preventive measures in
      the Swiss population].

PMID- 1199468
TI  - [Systematic examinations of infants and early diagnosis of handicaps].

PMID- 1199469
TI  - [Preventive health examinations: check-ups in sport medicine].

PMID- 1199470
TI  - [Periodic medical examinations in occupational medicine].

PMID- 1199471
TI  - [Preventive health examinations of the aged].

PMID- 1199472
TI  - [Systematic medical check-ups in the framework of the family].

PMID- 1199473
TI  - [Round table conference: preventive health examinations in the consultation
      room].

PMID- 1199474
TI  - [Preventive health examinations: conclusions].

PMID- 1199475
TI  - [Reflexions after the closure of a screening center].

PMID- 1199476
TI  - [Prognosis of paratesticular sarcoma: report on 3 cases].

PMID- 1199477
TI  - [Significance of hormone-diagnosis in testicular tumors].

PMID- 1199478
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutical experiences at the Zurich Urological University
      Hospital in 156 cases of hypernephroma].

PMID- 1199479
TI  - [Partial resection of the kidney in tumor development].

PMID- 1199480
TI  - [Surgical treatment of malignant kidney neoplasms].

PMID- 1199481
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of penile carcinoma. Analysis of own cases].

PMID- 1199482
TI  - [The sensitive period for sexual imprinting in the rabbit].

PMID- 1199483
TI  - [Comparative studies on the pituitary gland and genitalia in pregnant and
      experimental pseudopregnant farm milk (Mustela vison Schreber, 1777). II].

PMID- 1199484
TI  - Morphology of epididymal spermatozoa in the ass (Equus asinus) and stallion
      (Equus caballus).

PMID- 1199485
TI  - [Problem of abortions in the European socialist countries].

PMID- 1199486
TI  - [Orders of transfer and discharge].

PMID- 1199487
TI  - [Environmental protection as European task].

PMID- 1199488
TI  - [Physiological, psychological and hygienic requirements for lighting of the
      working place].

PMID- 1199489
TI  - [Studies on the toxic load of the inland-tank vessel crews].

PMID- 1199490
TI  - [Gas-chromatography technic for the determination of serum carbon monoxide].

PMID- 1199491
TI  - [Where are the dangers in fires--combustible gases and their effects].

PMID- 1199492
TI  - [Field studies in the solvent industry. 4. Arrhythmias due to trichloroethylene].

PMID- 1199494
TI  - [Ram-protection and contact protection in industrial safety].

PMID- 1199493
TI  - [Protection of nonsmokers at the working place. Contribution to the working site
      regulation and to the reform of the Industrial Safety Act Adolescents].

PMID- 1199495
TI  - [Post-traumatic changes in the hip joint].

PMID- 1199496
TI  - [Rehabilitative aspects in the amputation of the lower extremities].

PMID- 1199497
TI  - [Impaling accidents with special reference to lesions of the urogenital tract].

PMID- 1199498
TI  - [Total replacement of the shoulder joint].

PMID- 1199499
TI  - [High-pressure injuries of the finger by oil].

PMID- 1199500
TI  - [Cardiac tamponade and blunt abdominal injuries in children].

PMID- 1199501
TI  - [Problems of proof of improvement in follow-up appraisal of accidental injuries].

PMID- 1199502
TI  - [Successful extirpation of a pancreatic pseudocyst in childhood].

PMID- 1199503
TI  - [Subserous-mesenterial lipoma of the small intestine].

PMID- 1199504
TI  - [Introduction to the problems of brain death].

PMID- 1199505
TI  - [Anesthesiological aspects in the pronouncement of death].

PMID- 1199506
TI  - [Angiography in irreversible loss of brain function].

PMID- 1199507
TI  - [Diagnosis of brain death with special reference to young children].

PMID- 1199508
TI  - [Transplantation and the diagnosis of death].

PMID- 1199509
TI  - [Treatment of traumatic arteriovenous fistulas in the arteries of the
      extremities].

PMID- 1199510
TI  - [Vascular injuries. Treatment and results].

PMID- 1199511
TI  - [A portable oxygen therapy appliance].

PMID- 1199512
TI  - [Procedure in the manufacturing of a covering foil for use in the surgical
      field].

PMID- 1199513
TI  - [Demonstration of fibrinolytic split products during administration of hormonal
      contraceptives].
AB  - During intake of four different hormonal contraceptives: Ovosiston (Mestranol
      0,08 mg, Chlormadinone acetate 2 mg), Non Ovlon (Ethinylestradiol 0,05 mg,
      Norethindrone acetate 1 mg), Sequenz-Ovosiston and Deposiston (4th, 11th and 18th
      cycle day 1 mg Ethinylestradiolsulfonate, 25th cycle day 10 mg Norethindrone
      acetate) an increase of fibrinolytic split products in contrast to low values of
      the normal menstrual cycle is to be seen. While the values in the first two
      thirds of application of drugs undulate in the last third they are high in all
      four pills tested. It seems to be an interference of fibrinogenolysis by
      estrogens and secondary fibrinolysis after slight disseminated intravascular
      clotting by gestagens.

PMID- 1199514
TI  - [The occurrence and frequency of pathological corpus luteum and follicular
      hemorrhage].
AB  - Proceeding from the results obtained by the analysis of laparotomies performed in
      the year 1972 and 1973 in all gynaecological and surgical hospital departments of
      the city Brno, the authors conclude, that the most cases of pathological
      haemorrhages of corpus luteum or Graaf's follicul --82,8 per cent -- were not
      received and operated at the gynaecological clinics, but at the surgical
      departments. The paper is analysing how much this fact can be caused by
      diagnostic mistakes. That disparity is apparently also able to impress the common
      false presumption in the gynaecology, that those haemorrhages are constituting
      only a very rare and curious case.

PMID- 1199515
TI  - [Results of treatments for sterility].
AB  - The author analysed 92 cases of female sterility. The average age run to 27
      years, the success-rate to 36,9 per cent. 30 pregnancies end in delivery of
      living child. Most frequent conceptions devoted after clomiphene therapy and
      uterotubal insufflation with CO2.

PMID- 1199516
TI  - [The current importance of ultrasonics in the diagnostic progressive program in
      prenatal care].
AB  - In the University-Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Charite) of Berlin we
      carried out about 20,000 examinations with the method of ultrasound. In the
      presented paper we want to put a declaration about the survey of this method in
      the system of diagnosis during pregnancy. Our experiences led to the same
      conclusions like published in international journals. The following parameters
      have been successful in clinical practice: biparietal diameter, position of the
      fetus, localisation of placenta, diagnosis of heart-beat and other. We
      concentrated our investigations to the calculation of actual fetal weight in
      utero. For this aim we established formulas; thus we are able to calculate the
      weight with the aid of 4 parameters of ultrasound. The evaluation of 621 cases
      has shown the deviation of the calculated weight compared with the real birth
      weight is without problems in the group of big babies. For the group of premature
      deliveries it is nessecery to carry out tocolysis until a calculated weight of
      2500 g. In all the babies, calculated in this largeness everyways the real birth
      weight has been more than 2000 g.

PMID- 1199517
TI  - [Electroencephalographic findings in electronically monitored risk births].
AB  - Electroencephalograms showed - in accordance with many authors - important
      statements of perinatal damage and of her prognosis. The fetal monitoring
      (electronical and gasanalytical) is able to acknowledge in due time a hypoxic
      situation and procures favourable to the perinatal morbidity. Gross-pathological
      electroencephalograms we found in 5% of monitored high-risk babies in contrast to
      17% of no monitored intrauterine patients.

PMID- 1199518
TI  - [Immunological aspects in EPH gestosis].
AB  - On the base of the fundamental knowledge on immunological reactions in the normal
      pregnancy the disease of the EPH-gestosis is described from the immunological
      viewpoint. The following facts may be significant: 1. The increased occurence of
      specific and nonspecific crossreacting antibodies against liver, kidney and
      placental tissue in the blood of pregnant women and puerperas. 2. The increased
      occurence of placental infarctions and throphoblastic defects as well as
      fibrinoid deposits in the placenta, the arteriols and in the kidney. 3. Changes
      in the protein composition of blood. 4. The changed maternal cell-mediated
      immunity.

PMID- 1199519
TI  - [The problem of heparin therapy in suspicion of intrauterine retardation].
AB  - From 19 with Heparin treated patients by suspicion of intrauterine retardation 12
      patients were investigated relative to the physiology of coagulation. The
      placentae were investigated morphologically. The treatment with Heparin was
      without danger. A certain effect of the efficiency by the treatment with Heparin
      we couldnt establish. The theoretical introductions relative to the efficacy of
      Heparin entitled the further application of this drug. We can hope, that a better
      selection of patients with intrauterine retardation by help of ultrasound and
      other methods (sequenzszintigraphy with In113m and electronmicroscopical
      procedures) are able to establish the favourable impression by the clinical use
      of Heparin.

PMID- 1199520
TI  - [Various menopausal symptoms treated with gestagens].

PMID- 1199521
TI  - [Experimental investigations on oral immunization with tetanus-toxoid (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Model-experiments in mice were used for the investigation of oral immunization
      with tetanus-toxoid. The efficacy of oral toxoid application was tested by
      challenge and anti-toxin determination. The oral immunization with tetanus-toxoid
      induced only a sufficient protection, when toxoid was in intensive contact with
      the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. Local immunization via gastro-intestinal
      tract failed. After a single vaccination with 200 Lf tetanus-toxoid onto mucous
      membranes of the oral cavity the efficiency index was 75. In comparison, a single
      subcutaneous application of 2 Lf tetanus-toxoid resulted in an efficiency index
      of 100 and a single intranasal immunization of 100 Lf in an efficiency index of
      93. So the application of toxoid subcutaneously or onto nasal mucous membranes
      induced higher protection than oral application. Temporary development of
      immunity after immunization via the mucous membranes of the oral cavity was much
      better than parenteral immunization. 20 per cent of orally immunized animals were
      immune 5 days p. vacc. At the same time subcutaneously immunized animals failed
      to develop any protection. The efficiency rates obtained in challenge correlate
      with antitoxin content in the serum.

PMID- 1199522
TI  - [The fecal flora of man. III. Communication: The composition of Lactobacillus
      flora of different age groups (author's transl)].
AB  - From fecal flora of 66 infants aged 3 to 220 days, 29 children aged 4 to 6 years,
      42 adults aged 20 to 64 years and 21 senile persons aged 65 to 86 years, the
      Lactobacillus flora was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. In the feces
      of babies only the resident lactobacilli (L. acidophilus, L. salivarius and L.
      fermenti) were found, while in the feces of children, adults and senile persons
      the resident lactobacilli as well as the transient lactobacilli (L. casei, L.
      plantarum, L. brevis, L. buchneri and L. lactis) were found simultaneously.
      Within the Lactobacillus species L. acidophilus type I, L. fermenti type IVa and 
      L. salivarius type Ia were most frequently found in the feces of all age groups.
      In addition, L. acidophilus type X was also often found in the feces of senile
      persons. In connection with the numbers of species or types of lactobacilli in
      one fecal specimen, one or two species or types were demonstrated in 94,5% of
      positive cases of infants. With increasing age the numbers increased, especially
      more than three species or types were demonstrated in 85% of positive cases. In
      infants in 3 different clinics, clinic-specificities were demonstrated in
      relation to the species or types of lactobacilli isolated: in each clinic clearly
      certain species or types of lactobacilli were present. The results indicate that
      the composition of the Lactobacillus flora in the feces is influenced by
      lactobacilli orally ingested.

PMID- 1199523
TI  - [On the theory of the growth of germs as function of time and concentration
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The experimental harvest of germs is proportional to the amount of the minimal
      substrate. We formulate, therefore, the growth of germs as function of the
      employment of complete nutrient mediae containing all substrates required between
      two divisions. This conception may also be used for the function of time of the
      growth curve even beyond the log phase and allows a hard-and-fast rule for the
      region of nutritional deficiency. Our growth rates estimated as function of the
      concentration deviates from those established by Monod. This deviation can
      experimentally not be determined as the values of both estimations are in the
      experimental margin of tolerance. In contract to Monod's ferment conception
      implicating a growth of germs up to an unlimited dilution of nutrient mediae, our
      conception can more be recommended because of the defined beginning of growth.

PMID- 1199524
TI  - Antibacterial activity of some newly synthesized azaphenanthrene and
      diazachrysene compounds.
AB  - Four newly synthesized azaphenanthrene compounds viz., 7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-7-oxo
      2-methoxy-benzo(c) phenathridine; 7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro -7-oxo-benzo(c)
      phenanthridine-2-[1-6-methoxy-1-naphthylimino)-methyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione and 2
      [1-(1-naphthyli; mino)-methyl]cyclohexane-1,3 dione and two diazachrysene
      compounds viz., 1,5-Diazachrysene and 2,5-Diazachrysese were screened for their
      antibacterial potency against a large number of bacterial strains. The
      antibacterial activity which to a varying degree was shown to be related to the
      aza, methoxy and keto groups, in the case of the Azaphenanthrene compounds,
      however, it was related to the position of the nitrogen atom in the ring in the
      case of Diazachrysene compounds.

PMID- 1199525
TI  - Investigations on the efficacy of surface disinfection and surface cleaning
      procedures. 1. Tests under real-life conditions.
AB  - The suitability of disinfection preparations is assessed on the basis of
      laboratory tests, different methods being used in the various countries. Since
      such model tests are rather inadequate when it comes to judging surface
      disinfectants, additional in-use tests are desirable. They might, in any case,
      serve as a reference system for judging the evaluation criteria which still
      differ widely at the moment. The experiments described in this study were chiefly
      designed to establish the effect of cleaning and disinfection measures on
      bacteria normally present on surfaces and on the artificial contamination of
      surfaces with Sarcinae as model germs. The tests were carried out in the halls on
      5 floors of a medical (lift landings). "Rodac" plates were used to identify the
      germs. 3 disinfectants (aldehydes, phenol derivative), 3 disinfectant cleaning
      agents and soft soap were used. The preparations reduced the normal germ count by
      approx. 80 per cent. The reduction was mainly due to the cleaning effect (soft
      soap was as effective as the preparations with disinfectant properties). The
      effect on the "normal germ count" cannot, therefore, be used as sole criterion of
      disinfectant action. When the various preparations were applied in twice the
      concentration recommended for Staphylococcus hospitalism, the Sarcina count was
      reduced by 99 to 99.9 per cent within 2 hours. The efficacy of disinfectants and
      disinfectant cleaning agents was practically the same. Additional laboratory
      tests are necessary before the effect of soft soap can be finally assessed. In
      actual practice the unit count of pathogenic germs- such as Staphylococci and
      Klebsiellae- is too low to enable an objective assessment of a disinfectant to be
      made. On the other hand, artificial contamination with such pathogens is not
      possible because of the risk involved. The use of Sarcina lutea as test germ is
      therefore subjects to certain limitations. One of the prerequisites for using it
      is, for example, prior reduction of the normal germ count to values of less than
      500/100 cm2. The second communication will report on investigations into the
      chemoresistance of Sarcina and how this compares with that of Staphylococcus
      aureus and Klebsiella. The need for such studies arose from our present
      investigation.

PMID- 1199526
TI  - [Critical assessment of methods for testing chemical disinfectants and
      disinfection procedures (author's transl)].
AB  - Since the earliest days of disinfectant testing two different methods have to be
      distinguished: one group simulating practical circumstances the other one
      allowing the determination of germ reduction, disregarding any practical
      conditions. At present the assessment of disinfectant substances is carried out
      according to the results of several methods, done in different countries. Usually
      standardised suspension-tests with no correspondance to-in-use conditions are
      done. These are for example the determination of the Rideal-Walker and the Chick
      Martin coefficient and the capacity test by Kelsey and Sykes as well. Results
      obtained by the use-dilution method (A.O.A.C.) are also just of theoretical
      value. The British Standard-Test 3286:1960 and the suspension-test of the
      Committee on Phytopharmacy (Netherlands), to be preferred in order to state germ
      reductions, do not imitate particulars of practice either. After establishing
      recommendations for the various disinfectant procedures, the unification of the
      test methods on international level should be the next aim. Besides evaluation of
      disinfectant substances (as it is done by suspension-tests) the testing of
      disinfectant procedures under conditions, copying those of real life ought to be
      required. The results of such in-use model tests should answer all the questions
      arising, for instance, what the concentrations or the exposure-time should be. We
      would plead in favour of testing disinfectant substances and procedures in two
      steps - preliminary testing and main tests under in-use conditions for each new
      preparation. The base for all these tests is the selection of a suitable
      inactivator.

PMID- 1199527
TI  - [The effectiveness of fenbendazole against adults and immature stages of
      Nematospiroides dubius and Heterakis spumosa].

PMID- 1199528
TI  - Some aspects of the immunological response in cattle infected with
      Corynebacterium renale. Identification of a new serotype of C. renale, type IV.

PMID- 1199529
TI  - [Changes in serum immunoglobulin concentrations in chickens with infectious
      hepatomyelopathy ("inclusion body hepatitis")].

PMID- 1199530
TI  - [Metastrongylus in the subarachnoid space of a cat brain].

PMID- 1199531
TI  - [Leptospirosis in domestic animals in the south of Chile. Serological study].

PMID- 1199532
TI  - [Studies on the experimental induction of chronic erysipelas in swine. 2. Studies
      with a live antigen to standardize a model disease].

PMID- 1199533
TI  - [Short description of liver diseases (nosology) in reptiles].

PMID- 1199534
TI  - [Etiology of liver diseases in reptiles].

PMID- 1199535
TI  - [Changes in the blood protein picture (dysproteinemia) in liver diseases in
      reptiles (Boidae, Pythonidae, Varanidae)].

PMID- 1199536
TI  - [Isolation of a virus from sheep and its classification as a new serotype of
      ovine adenoviruses].

PMID- 1199537
TI  - [Survival of external stages of parasites during the fermentation of liquid
      cattle manure at raised temperatures].

PMID- 1199538
TI  - Dust vaccination, an alternative method in Newcastle disease prophylaxis.

PMID- 1199539
TI  - Pathology of chronic Trypanosoma brucei-infection in the rabbit.

PMID- 1199540
TI  - [Occurrence of bacteria of the genus Haemophilus in various avian species].

PMID- 1199541
TI  - Observations on "late onset disease" and tumor incidence in different strains of
      laboratory mice infected congenitally with LCM virus. I. Experiments with random
      bred NMRI mice.

PMID- 1199542
TI  - Observations on "late onset disease" and tumor incidence in different strains of
      laboratory mice infected congenitally with LCM virus. II. Experiments with inbred
      CBA/J mice.

PMID- 1199543
TI  - A note on an unusual case of echinococcosis in a buffalo (Bos bubalis).

PMID- 1199544
TI  - Evolutionary and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb in fossil and recent
      Equidae (Perissodactyla, Mammalia).

PMID- 1199545
TI  - [Neuroarchitecture of the periodontal ligament and its functional significance].

PMID- 1199546
TI  - [The cutaneous musculature of the head in a young Manatee (Trichechus
      senegalensis Link, 1795; Mammals, Sirenia)].

PMID- 1199547
TI  - [Kinematics of the pelvic limbs in the horse].

PMID- 1199548
TI  - Mm. scaleni of the ox (Bos taurus L).

PMID- 1199549
TI  - [Mucosal surface of the appendix in various domestic animals. A scanning
      electronmicroscopical study].

PMID- 1199550
TI  - [Electron microscopy studies of transudation between blood capillaries and lymph
      capillaries in the lymphobulbus of the copulation organ of the domestic cock
      (Gallus domesticus)].

PMID- 1199551
TI  - [Vascular system of the bovine omasum].

PMID- 1199552
TI  - Ultrastructure of the neuro- and adenohypophysis of the teleost, Chasmichthys
      dolichognathus.

PMID- 1199553
TI  - Further studies on the hypoglossal nucleus in the fowl.

PMID- 1199554
TI  - Macroscopic anatomy of the stomach of the Hippopotamidae Gray, 1821.

PMID- 1199555
TI  - The fine structure of mast cells in the normal bovine mammary gland.

PMID- 1199556
TI  - [Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on the activity of transketolase and
      transaldolase in rat liver].

PMID- 1199557
TI  - [Duration of sunbathing in the course of helioaerotherapy].

PMID- 1199558
TI  - [Toxicoses in the 2d half of pregnancy in the workers of the textile industry
      according to data of maternity homes in the City of Leninakan (1924-1973)].

PMID- 1199559
TI  - [Shifts in the content of free and bound gangliosides in the brain in terminal
      states].

PMID- 1199560
TI  - [Neurosecretory activity of rat hypothalamus under local hypothermia].

PMID- 1199561
TI  - [Elimination of exogenous heparin in experimental extrahepatic cholestasis].

PMID- 1199562
TI  - [Preventive properties of blood sera of rabbits immunized with 3 vaccines by
      separate, complex and combined application].

PMID- 1199563
TI  - [Effect of x-rays on morphological composition of blood and kidney function
      during screening].

PMID- 1199564
TI  - [Ultrastructure of blood capillaries of the ovaries of albino rats under
      conditions of chronic chloroprene poisoning].

PMID- 1199565
TI  - [Toxic characteristics of cuprammonium cyanurate].

PMID- 1199566
TI  - [Surgical treatment of esophageal achalasia].

PMID- 1199567
TI  - [Blood acid-base imbalance in young children with pneumonia].

PMID- 1199568
TI  - [Significance of tumor area and of extent of resection of the larynx in the
      development of recurrences].

PMID- 1199569
TI  - [Certain clinical and experimental-morphological changes in the liver in
      hypothyroidism].

PMID- 1199570
TI  - [Changes of protein content of blood in patients with certain dystrophies of the
      nails].

PMID- 1199571
TI  - [Fetal hemoglobin content in pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 1199572
TI  - [Dynamics of immunoreactive insulin during glucose tolerance test of patients
      with thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1199573
TI  - [Specific and nonspecific factors that influence the transduction of genetic
      determinants for penicillinase activity and pathogenicity in Staphylococcus
      aureus. III. The prevention of the transduction of penicillinase determinants by
      acridine derivatives].
AB  - In comparing the antitransducing activity of the acridine derivatives there was
      revealed a relationship between their chemical structure (the degree of
      substitution of position 9), the capacity to depress the lytic activity of
      staphylophages and the action in respect to the transducing particles of the
      donor lysate.

PMID- 1199574
TI  - [Microbiological and epidemiological aspects of infectious drug resistance in
      bacteria].

PMID- 1199575
TI  - [Erysipeloid on the islands of the Sea of Okhotsk. I. The sources and vectors of
      the causative agent of erysipeloid].
AB  - The foci of the causative agent of erysipeloid at the islands of the Okhotsk sea
      were of the polyvector and polyhostal character. There were recorded 92 species
      of the naturally infected by the erysipeloid causative agent invertebrate
      inhabitants of the sea, fish, amphibia, reptilia, birds, mammals and
      ectoparasites of the warm-blooded animals. Gamazoid and ixodes ticks, mosquitoes,
      horse-flies and flees were found to be naturally infected with erysipelotrix.
      Ixodes persulcatus were found to be capable of infecting albino mice during blood
      sucking.

PMID- 1199576
TI  - [Study of the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis by means of tagged atoms].
AB  - The authors' investigations showed a principal possibility of labeling toxoplasma
      with radioactive isotopes on condition of the administration of the latter in
      vivo into the donor animals infected with toxoplasmosis. The labeled atom method
      could be used for studying the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis in the experimental
      animals, particularly at the early periods of the infectious process. The use of
      the labeled atom method permitted not only to confirm the results obtained by
      parasitological and pathomorphological studies, but also to reveal the fact of a
      primary parasitemia, later confirmed by biopsy. In combination with other methods
      of study the labeled atom method can be used for studying various aspects of the
      problem of toxoplasmosis, particularly of the mechanisms of transmission of the
      infection.

PMID- 1199577
TI  - [Changes in the lungs of white mice under the action of cholera exotoxin].

PMID- 1199578
TI  - [Effect of depressing the virulence of a Salmonella guertnera strain with an
      avirulent strain of the same species].

PMID- 1199579
TI  - [Serum H-antibody indices based on indirect hemagglutination reaction data in
      typhoid patients, convalescents and bacterial carriers].

PMID- 1199580
TI  - [Study of influenza viral antibodies and serum inhibitors in inbred mice against
      a background of rations with a varying correlation of fats and carbohydrates].

PMID- 1199581
TI  - [Effect of mass immunization against measles on the course of the epidemic
      process].

PMID- 1199582
TI  - [Study of the interrelationships between the soluble antigens of Cl. septicum and
      Cl. histolyticum].

PMID- 1199583
TI  - [Formation of immunity in intranasal immunization with live and killed influenza
      vaccine].

PMID- 1199584
TI  - [Further study of the sensitivity to erythromycin of strains of the causative
      agent of tularemia from different geographical sites].

PMID- 1199585
TI  - [Epidemiological patterns of the import and spread of El Tor cholera].
AB  - The paper is a response to the paper by A. K. Akiev published in 1974 in the
      "Journal of Microbiology Epidemiology and Immunobiology": "Concerning the
      Epidemiology of El Tor cholera Abroad". The opinion of the author concerning the
      origin of El Tor infection in 1970, the sources of infection, and the factors of
      its transmission is critisized. Literature data and personal observations
      explaining the regularities of importation and spread of El Tor cholera as an
      intestinal infection are presented; these data are against the view of Akiev on
      El Tor cholera as a disease with a natural nidality caused by freely living
      vibrios.

PMID- 1199586
TI  - [Isolation of parahemolytic vibrions from persons with acute gastrointestinal
      diseases].
AB  - Galophilic vibrios were for the first time in the Soviet Union isolated from the
      patients with gastrointestinal diseases in Novorossiisk during the summer-autumn
      period of 1973. The greatest number of strains of the parahemolytic vibrios was
      isolated in August and September, during intensive fishing season, from the
      patients in whom the disease usually developed 6 to 12 hours after eating the sea
      fish. The parahemolytic vibrios isolated from the patients were typical by all
      signs and produced a marked hemolysis on the Wagatsuma medium. The halophilic
      vibrios are inhabitants of the Black Sea. During the years of 1972-1973 there
      were isolated 109 strains of V. paraheamolyticus and 133 strains of V.
      alginolyticus from the sea water and various hydrobionts.

PMID- 1199587
TI  - [Differences in certain immunological indices among persons who have had cholera
      and among Vibrio carriers].
AB  - Blood sera of persons, who sustained cholera of different degree of severity, and
      of vibrio-carriers, and also chromatographic fractions obtained in separation of
      the mentioned sera on DEAE-cellulose were investigated in the reaction of
      agglutination and the indirect hemagglutination test. Immunological response in
      the vibrio carriers was realized by the microglobulin, and in the convalescents-
      by the macroglobulin type. There was also revealed an association between the
      severity of the course of cholera and the prevalence in the blood serum of one or
      another type of specific antibodies: in severe forms of the disease the
      antibodies of the IgM-class were detected with the greatest frequency, and
      microglobulin antibodies--in vibrio carriers. The detected differences in the
      immunological status of those who sustained cholera and of vibrio-carriers could
      be used as an additional differential sign in the diagnosis of the mentioned
      conditions.

PMID- 1199588
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of an experimental dysenteric infection reproduced
      against a background of reduced intestinal mucosal resistance].
AB  - The authors present the results of experimental-morphological study of the
      intestine and other internal organs of guinea pigs subjected and not subjected to
      starvation infected with a dysentery culture against the background of
      antiepithelial serum. A marked form of the infectious process with erosive
      ulcerative affection of the cecum mostly developed in 70% of the former and in
      58.8% of the latter animals.

PMID- 1199589
TI  - [Morphology of Newcastle bacteriophages].
AB  - A study was made of morphology of 6 clones of Newcastle bacteriophages of
      different origin divided into 3 types. Bacteriophage H-18 referred to the III
      morphological type by the Tikhonenko classification was characterized by a
      comparatively short process and a head in the form of an isometric polyhedron; H
      1, H-5, H-10 and H-17 bacteriophages referred to type V, despite their antigenic
      difference were morphologically identical: they had a comparatively large head in
      the form of an elongated polyhedron and a process with a complicated structure
      ending by a besal plate with 3 indentions originating from it. Bacteriophage H-4
      was referred to the IV type and was characterized by a head in the form of an
      elongated polyhedron and a long curved noncontracting process; in difference from
      the others it had no basal plate on the end of the process. The revealed
      morphological peculiarities of the particles of the Newcastle bacteriophages only
      partially correlated with their division on the basis of serolological properties
      and the size of the negative colonies.

PMID- 1199590
TI  - [Further research on an experimental justification for the emergency prophylaxis
      of typhoid].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on mice. A possibility was demonstrated of express
      prophylaxis of typhoid fever by subcutanoues injection of the vaccine and by oral
      administration of sodium nucleinate, of lowering the dose by half and replacement
      of revaccination by sodium nucleinate alone. An increase in the titre of typhoid
      agglutinins and of preventive activity of the blood serum was revealed on
      volunteers.

PMID- 1199591
TI  - [Characteristics of the hydrodynamic and biological properties of flagellar
      preparations isolated from submerged cultures of S. typhi].
AB  - A study was made of the hydrodynamic and biological properties of the flagella
      from the S. typhi 4446 cultures, isolated by the methods of differential
      centrifugation, in crude condition and following depolimerization and denaturing
      by the action of chemical and physical agents. Molecular parameters of the slow
      and rapid components of the flagella and subunits of the flagellin were compared.
      The greatest antigenic activity was possessed by the high molecular fraction of
      the flagella isolated in the 60% sucrose density gradient.

PMID- 1199592
TI  - [Inhibiton of isocitrate dehydrogenase and isocitrate lyase from Acinetobacter
      calcoaceticus by acids of the citrate and glyoxylate cycle].
AB  - Acinetobacter calcoaceticus contains two forms of NADP+-dependent isocitrate
      dehydrogenases differing, among others, by their molecular weights and regulatory
      properties. The regulation of the high-molecular form of isocitrate dehydrogenase
      and of isocitrate lyase by organic acids, either belonging or related to the
      citrate and glyoxalate cycle, is investigated. While alpha-ketoglutarate and
      oxalacetate competitively inhibit the isocitrate dehydrogenase against Ds
      isocitrate, glyoxylate and pyruvate were found to increase Vmax and to lower the
      KM value for Ds-isocitrate and NADP+. Simultaneous addition of oxalacetate and
      glyoxylate (not, however, addition of the nonenzymatically formed condensation
      product of both compound) nullified the activation of isocitrate dehydrogenase by
      glyoxylate, and potentiates the inhibitory effect of oxalacetate. Alpha
      ketoglutarate, succinate, and phosphoenolpyruvate inhibit the isocitrate lyase in
      a noncompetitive fashion against DS-isocitrate; L-malate, oxalacetate and
      glyoxylate inhibit competitively. The intermediates of the citrate and glyoxylate
      cycle afford additive inhibition of the isocitrate lyase. The importance of
      organic acids of the citrate and glyoxylate cycle and of phosphoenolpyruvate for
      the regulation of the citrate and glyoxylate cycle at the level of isocitrate
      dehydrogenase and isocitrate lyase is discussed.

PMID- 1199593
TI  - [Dynamics of the human heart rate during changes of posture under various
      climatic conditions].
AB  - The time course of the heart rate (15-sec-periods) during active orthostasis (10
      min) was investigated according to types found by Drischel et al. under different
      climatic conditions in 51 female and 50 male subjects. Constant types were
      observed in each subject in 3 repeated tests on different days at 20 degrees C
      and 55% R.H., the types remaining constant even at 25 and 90% R.H. The increase
      in environmental temperature from 15 to 30 and 45 degrees C showed a significant
      alteration from type A via different transitional types to type B. At 45 degrees
      C, an additional type was observed called superhigh type B, functionally being a
      precollapse type. The variation in typology includes the dynamics of the initial
      process of the active orthostasis as well as the deviation between the steady
      state of the heart rate in erect and in supine position. The physiological
      mechanisms eliciting the changes in the dynamic behaviour and the correlations
      with the effective temperature are discussed.

PMID- 1199594
TI  - [The effect of chlorpromazine on the mechanogram, electrocardiogram and
      membranopotential of the frog heart].
AB  - The action of chloropromazine in concentrations between 10(-6) and 10(-3) M was
      studied with regard to its effect on contractility, ECG, and membrane potential
      of the isolated frog heart. In concentrations above 10(-6) a depressive influence
      on the amplitude of contraction was observed; the speed of contraction was
      reduced. The heart rate showed negatively chronotropic changes. In the ECG there
      was a striking expansion of the PQ interval. The membrane potential was reduced
      under the effect of chloropromazine depending on the concentration used. The
      negative influence on mechanical and bioelectrical parameters of the myocardium
      is interpreted to be due to membrane-related factors. A vagus-like effect is
      discussed, particular importance being attached to the mechanisms of the "slow
      channel" system.

PMID- 1199595
TI  - [Experimental and clinical aspects of auto and coherence spectra of blood
      pressure, heart rate and respiratory rhythms].
AB  - Auto- coherence and phase spectra of blood-pressure, heart-rate, and respiration
      changes at various intervals were calculated in 34 healthy individuals and 46
      patients with neurovegetative disorders in a direct way, partly by means of the
      Fast-Fourier transformations. It was only by 18-min recordings that reliably
      reproducible spectra could be obtained that permit exact evaluation of the
      statistical properties of these biorhythms.

PMID- 1199596
TI  - [The effect of the tidal volume on the sinus arrhythmia of the heart].
AB  - The sinus arrhythmia of the human heart was investigated in its relation to the
      tidal volume under resting conditions in the course of the day, in voluntarily
      changed tidal volume, under atropine medication and during physical work. In
      resting conditions it was found that nearly 40% of the sinus arrhythmia is of
      respiratory origin, and that no respiratory influence is demonstrable any longer
      at sufficient doses of atropine. Under physical load, the sinus arrhythmia is
      diminished in spite of the enlarged tidal volume. In this case, an additional
      smoothing influence to the sinus arrhythmia has to be assumed.

PMID- 1199597
TI  - [Method for the immediate measurement of myocardial pressure velocity
      relationships in situ].
AB  - A method for instantaneous measurements and representations of myocardial
      pressure-velocity relations permitting the analysis of various contractility
      parameters is described. Basing on a modified two-element model of cardiac muscle
      the measurement of the relative shortening velocity vce = dp/dt(p) of the
      contractile elements is carried out by a special analog computer, which
      calculates the quotient (dp/dt) to the simultaneous left ventricular pressure p.
      Electronic differentiation of the logarithm of pressure-proportional input
      voltages is used. The p-v-diagram can be displayed on x-y-oscilloscopes. Over an
      input voltage range of 20 mV---20V the quotient can be measured within the range
      of 20 sec-1---250 sec-1. Output voltages can be calibrated automatically. Between
      (dp/dt)p-1 determined by conventional methods and the dlnp/dt calcuated
      electronically there exists a correlation gamma = 0.995. An additional electronic
      circuit which permits the determination of a contractility parameter indicates
      the point of (dp/dt)max on the p-v-relation display. The application of the
      method in experimental studies under inotropic changes in the rabbit heart in
      situ following beta-receptor blockade is demonstrated.

PMID- 1199598
TI  - [The functional motility of motor units of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles
      in the rat under indirect stimulation depending on the stimulus frequency].
AB  - With increasing pulse rate (up to 150 square pulses/sec) applied for 1 second at
      the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle the amplitude of electromyographic response
      was found to decrease. An amplitude decrease of sum action potentials (AP)
      recorded from the muscle surface occurred already at pulse rates below 100
      pulses/sec. For the gastrocnemius muscle, this amplitude fall in the medium pulse
      rate region can be described by the relation: amplitude = -log-pulse rate. At the
      soleus muscle, the amplitude fall is shifted towards the higher frequencies.
      After intensive swimming of the animal the amplitude depression of AP at the
      gastrocnemius muscle occurs already at a lower rate, and departs from the
      aforementioned relation. The causes are looked for in the differential properties
      of the various muscle fibres.

PMID- 1199599
TI  - [Non-propagated potentials in the electromyogram of mammalian ocular muscles].
AB  - Electromyograms of mammalian extraocular muscles were recorded by means of a
      coaxial electrode. Besides normal extracellular spike potentials (1-2 msec
      duration), monophasic waves (with a decline lasting up to 7 msec) were recorded.
      As to the interpretation of these potential changes in terms of a potential drop
      that is produced by local currents flowing from the resting region of a fibre
      towards the active region consideration is given to two cases. First, a
      propagated active region (spike potentials, at least diphasic) and second, a
      stationary active region (with resulting monophasic waves). In the EMGs
      spontaneous monophasic potentials recruit at a lower threshold than spike
      potentials; frequency changes were observed when head position was altered. The
      latter are interpreted as local depolarizations occurring at neuromuscular
      junctions of multiple innervated muscle fibres among those fibre types that
      compose extraocular muscles.

PMID- 1199600
TI  - [The spectrum analysis of the electromyogram: the adaptation of autoregressive
      models to the interference electromyogram].
AB  - Power-density spectra of interference electromyograms of M. biceps brach. and
      triceps brach. from two subjects were estimated by the Tukey spectral window and
      by autoregressive series. By fitting autoregressive models parametric
      represeentations of spectra are obtained. The models for the electromyograms
      obtained from biceps (agonist) and triceps (antagonist) differed in the length of
      the autoregressive series. The intra-individual variation of the spectra from
      three time intervals of the same contraction was relatively small.

PMID- 1199601
TI  - [Effect of D20 on contractility and excitation contraction coupling in the rat
      papillary muscle].
AB  - D2O decreases the isometric contraction force of papillary muscles from the left
      ventricle of rats. This effect can be compensated only partially by increasing
      the calcium content in the perfusion solution. Differences in the effect of D2O
      under different calcium concentrations point also to an action site other than at
      the contractile proteins. The enlargement of the restitution of contraction 300
      msec after the basic beat, the diminution of the postextrasystolic tiation and
      the disappearance of postextrasystolic depressions because of high calcium
      potencontent in the bathing solution make it more probable that the action site
      lies in cell compartments which may be involved into the supply of activator
      calcium. The increasing occurrence of aftercontractions alredy at slightly
      enhanced extracellular calcium is in good agreement with this fact.

PMID- 1199602
TI  - Postsynaptic potentials in cat abducens motoneurons evoked by stimulation of
      cortical eye fields.
AB  - Intracellular recordings were carried out on abducens motoneurons of encephale
      isole cats in order to analyse synaptic influences of cortical areas engaged in
      control of saccadic eye movements. It was found that, in addition to the "frontal
      eye field" (FEF), eye movements containing a contraversive component may be
      triggered by electrical stimulation of the 1st and the 2nd sensorimotor areas
      (SM). Correspondingly, sustained postsynaptic responses (EPSPs) and rhythmic
      firing of abducens motoneurons could be reliably induced by prolonged stimulus
      trains. In this respect, the efficiencies of FEF and SM were about the same. They
      appeared to be higher than the efficiency of excitatory pyramidal actions on
      spinal motoneurons as reported by others. EPSPs elicited from both regions by
      short stimuli were, on the major part, polysynaptic. Quite complex multineuronal
      chains appeared to be stronger engaged in the transmission of FEF effects. EPSPs
      of SM origin contained a disynaptic fraction which could not be reliably
      identified in FEF responses. Recipocal innervation of abducens nuclei on both
      sides was found to be reflected in the asymmetry of excitatory and inhibitory
      influences from two hemispheres: EPSPs predominated in responses to
      contralateral, IPSPs and mixed PSPs - to ipsilateral stimulation.

PMID- 1199603
TI  - [The efferent sympathetic activity of the rabbit renal nerve during local
      application of adrenaline to the carotid sinus].
AB  - Adrenalin solution (1:1000) administered at the carotid sinus, through excitation
      of the depressoric C-fibre system of the carotid nerve, induces a strong, lasting
      reflectoric decrease of arterial pressure with slowing heart rate, associated
      with an almost complete inhibition of the efferent sympathetic activity of the
      renal nerve. The efferent sympathetic activity, arterial blood pressure and heart
      rate, both at the onset and at the height of adrenalin action, show corresponding
      activity changes: the relative inhibition of the sympathetic nerve is strongest
      correlated with the depressoric blood-pressure effect, while the decrease of
      heart rate, related to the initial activity, is least pronounced.

PMID- 1199604
TI  - [The inhibition of efferent sympathetic activity by means of pressure stimulation
      of the carotid sinus pressoreceptors].
AB  - The influence of pressure stimulation of a barorecptor upon the activity of the
      sympathetic nerve branch terminating in the wall of the contralateral carotid
      bifurcation was studied on narcotized dogs. The potential activity of this branch
      is of efferent nature. On the average, 570 msec after the pressure load applied
      to the opposite carotid sinus preparation, a silent period occurred. The duration
      of this silent period and the activity of the sympathetic nerve branch depend on
      the internal pressure of the preparation. The influence of different structures
      (central and peripheral) on latency, total and partial inhibition of the
      sympathetic activity are discussed.

PMID- 1199605
TI  - [The behavior of the b-wave in the electroretinogram of light-adapted frogs
      during serial light exposure].
AB  - In light-adapted frogs (adaptation luminance 10(3) asb) repeated flashes of high
      intensity (10(5) asb) caused decrease of the b-wave in the electroretinogram as
      compared to the results obtained with dark-adapted animals. The amplitude changes
      were monotonous in all cases; they were dependent on the spacing and duration of
      the stimulus. With short intervals (2-10 sec) the amplitude adjusted to a new
      level no later than after 8 flashes. With longer intervals (30 and 60 sec),
      however, the amplitude decreased slowly and steadily over the whole period of
      experiment. Under these conditions, adjustment to a new level was prevented by
      disturbing factors, which additionally reduced the retinal sensitivity depending
      on the duration of the experiment.

PMID- 1199606
TI  - [Demonstration of subcomponents of PIII in the ERG of isolated rabbit retina
      using sodium asparaginate].
AB  - Experiments on the sum potential to dark flashes after eliminating the positive
      components by low temperature (25 degrees C) and low content of plasma (10%
      instead of 50%) in the perfusion fluid have shown that the cornea-negative
      component PIII is extensively reduced by application of 10 mM sodium aspartate.
      The existence of an aspartate sensitive PIII-subcomponent, which was first
      discovered by intraretinal records, is not in agreement with the opinion that the
      whole PIII represents receptor activity. Fast and slow PIII-subcomponents are
      also discernible in the cornea-negative PIII - recorded with cross-electrodes -
      by their time course without and with adding sodium aspartate. The fast
      subcomponents are demonstrable in a rough approximation by condenser-coupling the
      amplifier (t = 0.3 sec). Changing the temperature from 22 degrees C to 27 degrees
      C the temperature quotient amounts to 1,3 for the fast subcomponents, and to 2.1
      for the whole PIII including the slow subcomponents.

PMID- 1199607
TI  - [Isolation of a PIIIcomponent in the electrogram of the frog retina by the use of
      acetylcholine].
AB  - By treating the isolated frog retina with acetylcholine the cornea-positive
      components in the ERG were suppressed and the cornea-negative component P III
      resulted as the only response to light stimulation in the mass potential. This P
      III corresponded in essential features to that P III isolated after treatment
      with aspartate and known as the mass receptor potential. Therefore, acetylcholine
      - the postulated transmitter substance between photoreceptors and second retinal
      neurons - meets the requirement to block the synaptic transmission in this region
      by artificial excess and to suppress the light evoked generation of the
      postsynaptic potentials.

PMID- 1199608
TI  - [Technical simulation of intensity-duration curves with a model based on the
      membrane theory].
AB  - In earlier studies using a simplified black-box model, new concepts about the
      shape of I-T curves following electrical stimulation were developed. This model,
      however, was incompatible with the modern membrane theory of Hodkin and Huxley.
      The present paper describes a computer-aided simulation of the excitation
      process, based exclusively on the experimental results of Hdokin and Huxley. The
      simulated I-T curves do confirm the conclusions of the black-box model.

PMID- 1199609
TI  - [Contribution to the structure of respiration control].
AB  - A structure is reported which describes the relatively free availability of the
      motor respiratory apparatus to non-respiratory functions due to the presence of a
      respiratory control both on homeostatic and motor levels. It is assumed that, at
      the motor level, a competition develops of two or more regulators for the same
      parameter (e.g. the activity of neurons that can be claimed both by respiratory
      and by a second skeletal motor process). The compromise being reached is
      dependent on the amplification in the competing circuits. The correlation between
      the metabolic value and that of the respiration-time volume may be accomplished
      by the fact that amplification in the respiratory-motor circuit is rendered
      variable as a result of its interconnection with the chemical respiratory
      control. The high time constant of the latter allows for the instantaneous free
      availability of the motor respiratory apparatus to non-respiratory functions. The
      postulated structure offers better interpretations for the actual respiration
      behaviour than those considering the respiratory function alone.

PMID- 1199610
TI  - [The spontaneous change in the optokinetic reactivity in lizards].
AB  - The optokinetik reactivity of lizards (Calotes versicolor Daud., Agamidae,
      Squamata) varies spontaneously within seconds. The animals follow the sinusoidal
      movement of a striped cylinder with head and eyes. Thereby the line of sight may
      follow exactly the pattern movement without angular slippage, or a slippage of
      various degree happens, or the animal does even not react at all. The optokinetic
      reactivity varies continuously and not stepwise. Both eyes may move
      independently. Accelerated smooth eye movements which overtake the speed pattern
      movement were observed. In optokinetic reactions the eyes take the bigger part of
      the angular movement than the head; in cases of vestibular stimulation the
      reverse is observed concerning the amplitude of the compensatory countermovement.
      Similar effects of variable optokinetic reactivity in other animals and in man
      depending on attention are discussed.

PMID- 1199611
TI  - [Possible functional properties of the labyrinth in Brachiosaurus brancai].
AB  - The dimensions of the semicircular canals and the respective ampullae of a
      complete labyrinth caste of Brachiosaurus Brancai were determined. Using the
      equation of motion and the dimensions of the semicircular canals the behaviour of
      the endolymph displacement of the Brachiosaurus labyrinth was calculated. The
      time constants of the system were found to be between the values 4 sec and 13 sec
      for T1 and 0.2 sec and 0.5 sec for T2. From these results it was concluded, that
      the head movements of the animal occurred in a range between 0.02 and 0.1 cps.

PMID- 1199612
TI  - [Kidney function and arterial acid-base status during continuous stimulation of
      the carotid chemoreceptors in vagotomized cats].
AB  - In spontaneously breathing, chloralose narcotized and bilaterally vagotomized
      cats under mannite saline diuresis, the isolated carotid sinus were perfused for
      1 hr with arterial and then for 1 hr with venous blood, and subsequently again
      with arterial blood for 1 hr. Either measure d or calculated were the parameters
      of arterial acid-base status, the arterial systemic bl-od pressure, the p
      aminohippuric acid (PAH), inulin (IN), and osmolar clearance, the filtration
      fraction, the tubular reabsorption of oxmotically free water, the urinary time
      volume, and fractional excretions of the kidneys. Stimulation of the carotic
      chemoreceptors increased respiration, slightly enhanced the CPAH, and caused a
      minor fall of CIN with little altered filtration fraction. The renal resistance
      increased. The absolute and fractional excretions of urine, sodium, potassium,
      and of osmotically active particles rose significantly. Tubular reabsorption of
      osmotically free water showed a singificant increase. Urinary osmolarity remained
      constant in general. The changes of water and electrolyte excretion did not
      correlate with those of renal hemodynamics. The results argue against natriuresis
      being caused on chemoreceptor stimulation by increased filtrate volume of the
      whole kidney, or by decreased osmolarity of the renal medulla. The results are
      discussed with regard to the renal function in arterial oxygen deficiency.

PMID- 1199613
TI  - [Effect of experimentally induced changes in blood flow on the heat and
      electrical conductivity of the skin].
AB  - This paper reports on the influence of experimentally induced changes in blood
      flow in upper extremities on both electrical resistance (1100 Hz; 30 kHz) and
      heat conductivity of the skin in 19 healthy adults. Exsanguination (ESMARCH
      bandage) caused a small decrease in resistance with recovery of the blood flow.
      Both changed of skin resistance and resting values of skin resistance have shown
      sex-related differences. The changes of heat conductivity are higher as compared
      to values of skin resistance. The results are discussed and compared with data
      from the literature.

PMID- 1199614
TI  - Studies on the synthesis of liver phospholipids and the turnover of plasma
      phospholipids in non pregnant female rats using radioactive palmitate.
AB  - Using the tracer method and a compartmental model we found that 0.9 mumoles
      plasma free fatty acids per min are esterified to liver phospholipids. The
      turnover rate of plasma phospholipid fatty acids was determined to be 0.5 mumoles
      phospholipid fatty acids per min. The turnover time of the plasma phospholipid
      fatty acids was calculated to be 0.9 hours. The results indicate that only 69 per
      cent of plasma free fatty acids esterified to liver phospholipids are secreted by
      the liver into the plasma.

PMID- 1199615
TI  - [Blood group like substances in amber, other natural resins and in domestic
      conifer needles].

PMID- 1199616
TI  - [Measurements of electric membrane potentials in lymphocytes].
AB  - The interior of vital lymphocytes, as opposed to their outer environment, has a
      negative electric potential (rest potential), the magnitude of which depends on
      the potassium ion concentration of the extracellular medium. The bioelectric
      phenomena at the lymphocyte are determined not only by the functional state of
      the cell membrane, but also by the milieu of the blood cells which includes also
      the adsorbed proteins and lipids.

PMID- 1199617
TI  - Development of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in rats.
AB  - The development of the contra- and ipsilateral cortical potential evoked by
      electrical sciatic nerve stimulation was studied in 77 male albino rats aged 5 to
      45 days. A contralateral response was already recorded, as double negativity, in
      the youngest animals, while an ipsilateral evoked potential was not reliably
      present until the 10th day. At this time, however, both responses started with an
      inconstant positive wave and their shape was practically the same. During
      subsequent development the responses differed only in respect to their dominant
      component: in the contralateral response, the N1 wave had the highest amplitude
      for most of the time, while in the ipsilateral response the delayed N2 wave was
      the largest component. The latent periods of contralateral responses were
      somewhat shorter than those of ipsilateral evoked potentials. During development
      we noticed a phase of abrupt shortening of the latent period, which took place
      before the 15th day in the contralateral response and before the 20th day in the
      ipsilateral response. We also found a difference in the fatigability of the
      responses, which was greater in immature rats than in adult animals; in the
      ipsilateral evoked potential it approached adult values more slowly. The
      development of the ipsilateral response is thus delayed compared with the
      development of the contralateral response.

PMID- 1199618
TI  - [The function of innervated kidneys during stimulation of the carotid
      chemoreceptors under constant renal perfusion pressure].
AB  - The carotid chemoreceptors of narcotized, vagotomized and spontaneously breathing
      hydropenic cats in hypertonic mannite diuresis were stimulated by perfusion with
      venous blood penic cats in hypertonic mannite diuresis were stimulated by
      perfusion with venous blood for 70 min. Elevation of blood pressure at the
      innervated kidneys was prevented by an automatically controlled balloon located
      within the aorta. Stimulation of the chemoreceptors intensified respiration and
      raised the arterial systemic pressure. With the renal arteries at constant
      pressure, the effective renal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration rate
      significantly declined. The filtration fraction remained unchanged. The absolute
      urinary and sodium excretion did not change significantly, whereas the fractional
      time-volume, fractional sodium excretion, and the fractional osmotic excretion
      significantly increased. The fractional tubular reabsorption of osmotically free
      water was significantly enhanced. These reactions subsided during subsequent
      perfusion of the glomerula carotici with arterial blood. The results suggest that
      tubular sodium reabsorption is inhibited by stimulation of the carotid
      chemoreceptors, although re-adjustment of renal perfusion and filtrate volume
      cannot be excluded.

PMID- 1199619
TI  - [Continuous measurement of oxygen consumption in small laboratory animals].
AB  - A technique for measuring the oxygen consumption of small laboratory animals
      suitable for pharmacological and toxicological studies is described. The oxygen
      consumption of the animal in the respiratory chamber is compensated by means of a
      photoelectrically operating servo mechanism from an oxygen reservoir. The oxygen
      supplied is directly recorded via a transducer by an X-Y recorder. The carbon
      dioxide exhaled by the animal is entirely absorbed. Composition and pressure of
      air in the respiratory chamber correspond to the physiological medium. The
      usefulness of this technique is demonstrated by investigations on the effects of
      epinephrine and morphine on the oxygen consumption of rats.

PMID- 1199620
TI  - [The kinetics of lithium in the rat serum, brain and liver].
AB  - The kinetics of lithium in the serum, liver and brain of rats is described. The
      serum levels resembled those of man, whereas considerable quantitative
      differences were observed when comparing specific kinetic parameters. The brain
      level increased with the increasing doses, approaching the corresponding serum
      level. Concentration differences between different brain areas could be observed
      only after repeated administrations. Striatum, cortex and hippocampus showed
      significantly higher levels than the thalamus. The liver content remained low
      with increasing doses, and was below the brain level.

PMID- 1199622
TI  - Studies on cardioactive steroids. III. Characterization of different cardiac
      glycosides by their effects on contractility and rhythmicity at different
      extracellular potassium concentrations.
AB  - In the present paper, the naturally occurring glycosides digitoxin, gitoxin, 16
      acetyl-gitoxin, digoxin, cymarol, ouabain, and proscillaridin, and the semi
      synthetic 16-epi-gitoxin and 16-acetyl-16-epi-gitoxin are investigated as to
      their inotropic action and their effects on rhythmicity at isolated spontaneously
      beating atria of the guinea-pig heart in dependence on the variation of the
      potassium concentration of the nutritive fluid ([K+]0: 1.34, 2.68, and 5.36 mM
      resp.). The major results are as follows. 1. Effects of raising [K+]0 from 1.34
      to 2.68 mM: The range of the inotropically effective concentrations as well as
      the size of the maximum inotropic action are more or less strongly improved with
      all glycosides. The glycoside concentrations required to get inotropic maximum
      had to be increased to a high degree with proscillaridin and digoxin. The mean
      arrhythmia percentage occurring at the inotropic maximum is either decreased
      (gitoxin, 16-epi-gitoxin, digoxin, proscillaridin), unchanged (digitoxin, 16
      acetyl-16-epi-gitoxin) or even increased (16-acetyl-gitoxin, cymarol, ouabain).
      The inotropic value is improved to a high extent with gitoxin only. 2. Effect of
      raising [K+]0 from 2.68 to 5.36 mM: The range of the inotropically effective
      concentrations is extended (digitoxin and cymarol) or diminished
      (proscillaridin), but remains essentially unchanged with most glycosides. The
      size of the maximum inotropic effect is increased with digoxin, ouabain and 16
      epi-gitoxin, but decreased significantly with digitoxin and proscillaridin. The
      glycoside concentrations required to produce the inotropic maximum are
      essentially unchanged with the exception of 16-epi-gitoxin, 16-acetyl-gitoxin and
      ouabain. The mean arrhythmia percentage at the maximum inotropic effect is
      dramatically reduced with digoxin, cymarol and proscillaridin. The inotropic
      value is improved with all glycosides except digitoxin. 3. Evaluation of the
      various glycosides: When judged on the basis of the range of inotropically
      effective concentrations, the maximum inotropic effect, the mean arrhythmia
      percentage at the inotropic maximum and the inotropic value, the best first three
      glycosides include 16-epi-gitoxin and digoxin. 16-Epi-gitoxin and its 16-acetate
      show that most favourable relationship between the effect on contractility and
      rhythmicity. The cause of the differential actions of the structurally-different
      glycosides on contractility and rhythmicity is hypothesized to be due to
      divergences in structure and/or conformation of the receptor areas of (Na+ + K+)
      ATPase of contractile and excitable cells.

PMID- 1199621
TI  - [Acute prostaglandin E changes in the kidney medulla after intravenous
      application of blood pressure active drugs in rabbits].
AB  - The blood pressure active substances noradrenaline, alpha-methyl-dopa, clonidine,
      dihydralazine, and reserpine were studied 20 min after i.v. administration to
      rabbits for their action on blood pressure, heart rate, PGE-content and 
      synthesis in the renal medulla. Noradrenaline caused increase in blood pressure,
      and distinctly enhanced the PGE content in the renal medulla. alpha-methyl-dopa
      raised both PGE-content and -synthesis, without changing blood pressure and heart
      rate. Clonidine and dihydralazine caused a pronounced fall of the blood pressure,
      but only did dihydralazine lower PGE-synthesis, while no such effect was produced
      by clonidine. Reserpine, like dihydralazine, decreased PGE-synthesis, without
      simultaneously lowering blood pressure. Indomethacine, one of the most potent
      inhibitors of PG-synthesis, has no effect on blood pressure within 20 min. The
      results argue against the existence of a simple direct correlation between PGE
      synthesis rate in the homogenate of rabbit renal medulla and the instantaneous
      blood pressure.

PMID- 1199623
TI  - On the presence of a calcium-stimulated phospholipase A in the stroma-free
      supernatant fluid of rabbit reticulocytes.

PMID- 1199624
TI  - [Effect of increased diuresis on the renal excretion of sulfamerazine].
AB  - The excretion velocity of sulfamerazine is very slow, caused by a high
      reabsortion rate in renal tubuli. An increased diuresis by i.p. administration of
      saline or p.o. load with water has no effect on the sulfamerazine excretion
      velocity. The enhanced diuresis is accompanied by a decrease of the urine pH
      value and consequently by a decreased dissociation rate of sulfamerazine.

PMID- 1199625
TI  - [Effect of lesions in the geniculate bodies on the visual response in the rat
      reticular formation].

PMID- 1199626
TI  - Problems and terminology of functional teratology.
AB  - Possible causes for the teratogenesis of fundamental processes of life are
      explained. Hence, it is suggested that traditional teratology, i.e.
      teratomorphology (developmental pathomorphology) should be completed by
      teratophysiology (developmental pathophysiology), teratopsychology (developmental
      pathopsychology), and teratoimmunology (developmental pathoimmunology), as
      developmental biology can be also subdivided into developmental morphology,
      developmental physiology, developmental psychology and developmental immunology.

PMID- 1199627
TI  - Collaboration of serotonin and melatonin in the control of thyroid function.
AB  - The stimulatory effect of serotonin and the inhibitory effect of melatonin on
      iodine incorporation by thyroid follicular cells are both inhibited by the
      serotonin antagonists methysergid and cyphroheptadine. Serotonin and melatonin
      can mutually prevent each other's action. A collaboration of melatonin and
      serotonin in the regulation of thyroid function is implied from the experimental
      observations.

PMID- 1199628
TI  - [Comparative studies on the determination of the A-hel blood group factor in the
      pig by use of various lectins].
AB  - Comparable investigations of the A-hel-receptor with Anti-AHP and 6 different
      phytagglutinins are reported which have been tested in 305 samples of pig blood.
      Anti-ADb disposing of a higher specificity is recommended for determining the Hel
      factor in pigs instead of Anti-AHP.

PMID- 1199629
TI  - [Effect of the replication of rubella virus on the protein biosynthesis of BHK 21
      cell cultures].
AB  - The protein biosynthesis of BHK-21/C 13 cell cultures under the influence of
      multiplying rubella virus was studied by the uptake and incorporation of 14C
      leucine. The uptake of 14C leucine by the cells of virus-infected cultures was
      found to increase up to the third day after infection; no further increase was
      detectable on the fourth day. Control cultures maintained under the same
      conditions showed a similar behaviour up to the second and on the fourth day. On
      the third day, the virus-infected cultures exhibited significantly higher uptake
      than the controls. It may be that the virus infection causes damage to the
      cellular wall, the nature of which has yet to be elucidated. The protein
      incorporation of 14C leucine slightly increases in the virus-infected cultures 36
      hrs after infection. This increase is not equally pronounced in the control
      cultures, but the differences were not significant.

PMID- 1199630
TI  - [Comparison of the activities of free and carrier fixed horseradish peroxidase].
AB  - Commerical horseradish-peroxidase was covalently bound to BrCN-activated
      sepharose. The activity parameters Vmax and Km were determined by the
      leukomalachite green reaction. Compared with the soluble enzyme, the immobilized
      POD has a relative residual activity of 22%. Dimethylsulfoxide and formamide were
      found to diminish the enzymatic activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The
      activity of the free enzyme in aqueous formamide solution (10%) is reduced by
      43%, that of the insolubilized enzyme by 68%. Dimethylsulfoxide (15%) does not
      alter the LMG conversion rate of free POD, whilst a rate loss by 60% was observed
      for the immobilized enzyme.

PMID- 1199631
TI  - Calcium uptake and calcium release by subcellular fractions of smooth muscle. II.
      Kinetics of calcium uptake by microsomes and mitochondria from pig coronary
      artery and guinea pig ileum.
AB  - Calcium uptake by the microsomal and mitochondrial fractions of pig coronary
      artery and guinea pig ileum was studied in the presence of ATP, ATP plus oxalate
      and without ATP and oxalate. Microsomes and mitochondria of both smooth muscles
      were found to be unable to accumulate appreciable amounts of calcium in the
      absence of ATP. Oxalate noticeably stimulated the calcium uptake of the
      mitochondrial fraction from pig coronary artery but had little effect on calcium
      uptake by the microsomal fraction of this smooth muscle. The calcium uptake of
      microsomes and mitochondria from guinea pig ileum was not or only slightly
      enhanced by oxalate. There are typical kinetics regarding the time course and the
      extent of calcium uptake by microsomes and mitochondria from pig coronary artery
      and guinea pig ileum. In comparison, considerable qualitative and quantitative
      differences between both smooth muscles are observed. The high ATP-dependent
      calcium uptake capacity of the mitochondria from pig coronary artery and guinea
      pig ileum are a further argument for the hypothesis that these organelles may
      play an important role in the contraction-relaxation mechanism of smooth muscle.

PMID- 1199632
TI  - [DNA and protein synthesis in cultured lens epithelial cells. I. Test system].
AB  - An in vitro test system for measuring DNA and protein synthesis in cultivated
      lens epithelium cells was developed. The method is suited also for other
      monolayer cultures; it has the following advantages: a) Cultivation of cells,
      incubation with radionuclides, preparation of the samples and measurement of
      radioactivity are carried out in the same vessel (scintillation vial); b) The use
      of 3H-thymidine and 14C-phenylalanine allows simultaneous measurement of DNA and
      protein synthesis; c) Only small amounts of cells (10(4) to 10(5) cells) are
      required to measure DNA and protein synthesis. The test system is highly
      sensitive to synthetic effectors (cytosone arabinoside, actinomycin D,
      puromycin), and is thus appropriate for the detection of inhibitors of DNA and
      protein synthesis and for testing the toxicity of drugs.

PMID- 1199633
TI  - [DNA and protein synthesis in cultured lens epithelial cells. II. Activity of
      synthetic effectors].
AB  - Cultivated bovine lens epithelium cells are highly susceptible to inhibitors of
      DNA-, RNA- and protein synthesis. The strict correlation between inhibition by
      puromycin of protein and DNA synthesis suggests that, in the cell system
      investigated, protein synthesis is essential for DNA synthesis to occur. Studies
      with actinomycin D have shown that in cultivated lens epithelium cells, part of
      protein synthesis is accomplished through a relatively long-lived mRNA. In long
      term cultivation experiments, no further stabilization of mRNA, which is typical
      of lens fibre cells, could be demonstrated. There are indications that high doses
      of actinomycin D produce direct inhibition of DNA synthesis. By means of cytosine
      arabinoside a linear relationship was established between concentration of the
      effector and inhibition of DNA synthesis. Protein synthesis remains virtually
      unaffected even after high doses. The strong inhibition of DNA synthesis with
      protein synthesis continuing ("unbalanced growth") could not be utilized for the
      synchronization of lens epithelium cells, because it was only partly reversible
      after changing the medium and applying deoxycytidine.

PMID- 1199634
TI  - Discontinuity of the large ribosomal subunit RNA and rRNA molecular weights in
      eukaryote evolution.
AB  - The molecular weights and the integrity of the two major components of ribosomal
      RNA from a wide variety of eukaryotic species, from protozoa to man, has been
      investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under fully denaturing
      conditions. The results show that the s-rRNA is largely heterogeneous, ranging in
      size, from 0.65 X 10(6) to 0.96 X 10(6) dalton. The l-rRNA ranges in size from a
      minimum mol wt of 1.28 X 10(6) to a maximum weight of 1.60--1.66 X 10(6) (of warm
      blooded vertebrates, Cephalopoda and Diptera); several intermediate values have
      been found in lower organisms and Protozoa. The s-rRNA is a truly continous,
      uninterrupted polynucleotide chain in all groups of organisms (protozoans,
      plants, fungi and animals). The larger rRNA is a continous un-nicked chain in all
      of the deuterostomian animals, plants and fungi. However, the l-rRNA of all the
      protostomian animals and the protozoa is an aggregate molecule consisting of two
      subunits held together by limited regions of hydrogen bounding; in these
      organisms the size of the s-rRNA is generally identical to that of the larger
      fragment of the l-rRNA. Analysis of the molecular weights of the subunits of the
      l-rRNA in the protostomians and the protozoa suggests that the l-rRNA contains
      one short stretch, prone to nucleolytic attack, dividing the RNA chain into a
      molecularly conserved portion (0.65 to 0.72 X 10(6) dalton) and a variable
      portion (0.65 to 0.96 X 10(6) dalton).

PMID- 1199635
TI  - An inexpensive device for sample stirring in VSU Zeiss spectrophotometers. Its
      use for kinetic measurements and active site titrations with immobilized enzymes.
AB  - The construction of a simple and effective sample stirring device for commercial
      spectrophotometers and its use for continuous kinetic measurements and active
      site titrations with immobilized enzymes is described. Sepharose-bound leucine
      aminopeptidase and trypsin were selected as model enzymes to test the performance
      of the magnetic stirring equipment. Kinetic parameters of insolubilized leucine
      aminopeptidase using L-leucine p-nitroanilide as substrate and the catalytic site
      concentration of matris-bound trypsin using p-nitrophenyl p'-guanidinobenzoate as
      active site titrant could be evaluated without significant interference from the
      turbidity of the stirred Sepharose suspension. The problem of grinding of the
      support material could be overcome. Both unbound native and carrier-fixed enzyme
      may be reacted under identical conditions with similar convenience and
      sensitivity.

PMID- 1199636
TI  - [Behavior of heart rate in man during movement from horizontal to upright
      position at different speeds].
AB  - In ten healthy males heart rate during changes from recombent to upright position
      at different speeds was studied. Contrary to the rapid passive and active change
      of body position the subjects showed no increase in heart rate in the sense of an
      "initial complex", when moved by slow tilting from horizontal to upright position
      (70 degrees).

PMID- 1199637
TI  - [Various critical comments on the interpretation of staircase- and potentiation
      phenomena in the rabbit heart muscle].
AB  - Some critical remarks on the interpretation of staircase and potentiation
      phenomena (rabbit heart muscle). Isometric contractions of rabbit papillary
      muscles and atrial strips were investigated at temperatures from 13.2 degrees C
      to 35 degrees C after rests of different duration at constant stimulation
      frequency before rest, in a period after rest and in a transition phase following
      a step of stimulation frequency. Changes in potentiation as well as changes in
      dynamics after rest and dynamics after steps of stimulation frequency are caused
      by lowering the temperature. Any hypothesis on the subject of Ca-movements
      between intracellular stores would have to account for changes in potentiation,
      staircase phenomena and the development of after-contractions at low
      temperatures.

PMID- 1199638
TI  - [Universal measuring site for the determination of tissue-impedance variations in
      relation to blood perfusion].
AB  - In view of the importance of impedance plethysmography requirements are
      formulated for a modern impedance measuring device basing on a long experience
      with this method of measurement. The principle mode of action of the measuring
      equipment and the pneumatics with the timing element are described. A number of
      recordings is shown to illustrate the universality of the measuring equipment.

PMID- 1199639
TI  - [Interindividual variability and intraindividual reaction stability of
      bioelectric muscular tension of the long finger flexor in model exercise].
AB  - Twelve untrained subjects had to perform opening and closing movements of the
      hand (2 mm-sec(-1) on a hand ergometer. The load was 2kp for woman and 5 kp for
      man. Two sequences of the test were carried out, one after the other. The EMG was
      derived unipolarly from the belly of the Mm. flex. digit, and the mean
      bioelectrical muscle activity was measured. The following factors were tested in
      each subject by means of an analysis of variance. Factor A -- phase of exercise,
      Factor B --repetition of exercise and Factor C -- type of sequence. The analysis
      of the stability of individual reactions was made through serial correlations.
      Factor A influenced the mean bioelectrical muscle activity in all subjects while
      Factors B and C had an influence only in some cases. A significant interaction
      effect between pairs of factors occurred only in a few subjects. The serial
      correlation coefficients for Factor A of the same composition is between 0.40 and
      0.80. The values of the mean correlation functions for the two sequences of
      Factor C, C(I) and C(II), are 0.69 and 0.68 respectively. In each subject the
      range of the cross correlation coefficients of the sequences C(I) and C(II) was
      between 0.70 and 0.92. Possible causes for the varying experimental results were
      discussed.

PMID- 1199640
TI  - [Effect of brain stem lesions on hibernation of the hamster (Cricetus cricetus
      L.)].
AB  - Small lesions in the brain stem (including the hypothalamus) of the European
      hamster were effective with respect to food intake, hibernatory disposition and
      thermogenic power (oxygen consumption) as well. Hyperphagia was accompanied by
      depression of hibernation mostly. Moreover, hibernation was hindered by
      impairment of the thermogenic capacity. Entrance into hibernation depended on the
      integrity of the middle and caudal hypothalamic areas and the rostral portions of
      the pons and midbrain. Hyperphagia resulted from destruction of the middle
      (ventromedial) hypothalamic and caudal hypothalamic areas, including transition
      structures to the pons. A depression of thermogenesis against cold was observed
      after destruction of supramammillary and neighbouring mesencephalic areas.
      Supplementary results: An annual metabolic rhythm characterized by a minimum in
      december has been established once more. Urethane anesthesia did not abolish cold
      thermogenesis, despite the development of a slight hypothermia. Poikilothermia
      resulting from brain stem damage disappeared during a three-day period.
      Furthermore, diencephalic lesions did not suppress arousal from hibernation
      significantly.

PMID- 1199641
TI  - [Adaptation of rats following sodium-nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia].
AB  - Adaptation of rats following sodium nitrite induced methemoglobinemia. The effect
      of repeated intraperitoneal injections of sodium nitrite on methemoglobin,
      hemoglobin and blood sugar level, on leucine aminopeptidase activity in plasma
      and methemoglobin reductase activity in red blood cells was investigated in rats.
      Repeated methemoglobinemia produced gradual disappearance of hyperglycemia,
      changes of hemoglobin content in blood and increase of methemoglobin reductase
      activity in red blood cells.

PMID- 1199642
TI  - [Influence of various tasks on activation and self-evaluation in a test with
      equal psychomotor performance].
AB  - In two tests, healthy individuals had to perform one tapping-task each. In the
      first test they had to knock as quickly as possible (without feedback via the
      motor performance), while in the second test the motor performance of the first
      experiment was reproduced precisely by means of feedback allowing them to
      evaluate the result of their action. In the second experiment, the individuals
      were significantly less activated, and they felt the second task was easier,
      requiring less performance. The effect of feedback upon the course of activation,
      and the role of sensation of activation by the individual in judging his own
      performance are described.

PMID- 1199643
TI  - [Adaptation of electropic and ionotropic vagal effects on the isolated rabbit
      atrium].
AB  - Long-time vagal stimulation induces a decrease of electrotropic and inotropic
      effects on the isolated rabbit atrium in spite of constant stimulation frequency.
      This decrease is defined as effect adaptation. To compensate this effect
      adaptation, the n. vagus was stimulated with increasing stimulation frequency.
      Compensation is possible for a certain period referred to as control time. The
      adaptation of the electrotropic effects is more delayed and weaker than the
      inotropic effect adaptation. The control times of the electrotropic effect are
      longer than those of the inotropic effect. Acetylcholine perfusion without vagal
      stimulation shows the same results. It was shown that the effect adaptaion does
      not result from depletion of acetylcholine stores or from co-stimulation of
      sympathetic nerve fibres. The effect adaptation is discussed as being the result
      of machano-electrical coupling.

PMID- 1199644
TI  - [Biocybernetic studies on reflectory heart modification in the rabbit].
AB  - In rabbits the depressor nerves and cardiac vagal branches were stimulated. Their
      actions on heart rate, atrio-ventricular conduction time, myocardial action
      potential and mean central blood pressure were recorded. The frequency-effect
      characteristics of the chronotropic, dromotropic and electrotropic actions on the
      heart, resulting from afferent and efferent nerve stimulation, are compared. The
      participation of each of the depressor nerves in their total effects on heart
      rate and blood pressure is studied. Time courses of heart rate and blood pressure
      decrease by afferent and efferent nerve stimulation with sinusoidally modulated
      pulse rates are presented. The results are discussed with respect to the
      different dynamics of blood pressure and heart rate control. It is concluded that
      at least two mechanisms are involved in blood pressure control by the depressor
      nerves: 1. Decrease of vascular resistance by lowering the sympathetic tone. 2.
      Decrease of heart rate by enhancing the cardiac vagal activity. It is suggested
      that the parasympathetic control unit compensates rapid disturbances, whereas the
      slow-acting sympathetic vascular mechanism exerts a long-time pressure control of
      high efficiency.

PMID- 1199645
TI  - [Marcov processes and neuronal engram formation--a model].
AB  - The multivariate partial autocorrelation bases on the noncircular serial
      correlation matrices and is a problem of eigen values. Autoregressive
      oscillations of a time series and its order can be tested. MARCOV processes are
      1st order processes, they are found during the conversion of short into long time
      memory (conditioned avoidance response).

PMID- 1199646
TI  - Further studies on the formation of adenosine and its effects in the brain.

PMID- 1199647
TI  - [Formation of crystal-like ribosomal aggregates in smooth muscle cells of the
      guinea pig ileum following incubation in vitro].
AB  - The formation of crystal-like aggregates of ribosomes with a ribosome-ribosome
      distance of 45--50 nm in degenerated smooth muscle cells from guinea pig ileum
      was described. The ribosome aggregates were formed under the influence of tissue
      incubation for 15--60 minutes at room temperature (25 degrees C) To our
      knowledge, this is the first observation of crystal-like ribosome aggregates in
      adult mammalian tissue.

PMID- 1199648
TI  - [Two technical artifices useful in the surgical treatment of perforations of the
      thoracic oesophagus (author's transl)].
AB  - Perforation of the thoracic oesophagus sets a difficult surgical challenge
      because suture and drainage are rarely sufficient by themselves. The authors
      describe two artifices likely to help in such circumstances: endothoracic fundo
      plicatio and pediculated flap of the greater omentum. Their use in 4 clinical
      cases is reported.

PMID- 1199649
TI  - [Surgical treatment of chronic anal fissures. Modification of the operation of
      Gabriel (author's transl)].
AB  - The author reports a personal technique for treating chronic complicated anal
      fissures. The advantages of this technique are: 1. Complete removal of lesions
      (fissure and its sclerotic base). 2. Covering of the week area with good quality
      mucosa. 3. Small uncovered residual area with consequent fast healing. 4.
      Nonetheless good drainage of the suture line. 5. Sphincterotomy made unnecessary
      as the debridment close to the muscle of the posterior flap removes together with
      the fissure, the fibrous tract (pecten) that often formed beneath. 6. Horn-shaped
      incisions drain as well as the large excision of Gabriel and avoid development of
      a fibrous scar at the posterior anal commissure. 7. The operation is relatively
      painless. The experience of the author is based on 500 cases, with no morbidity
      or recurrence.

PMID- 1199650
TI  - [Colorectal reconstruction after the Hartmann operation, by a simplified Duhamel
      technique using the GIA American stapler (author's transl)].
AB  - Reconstruction of the colon after Hartmann operation by an end-to-end anastomosis
      necessitates a rather extensive dissection of the rectal cul-de-sac; this can be
      avoided by posterior and transanal lowering according to Duhamel's technique. The
      major drawback of this technique, prolonged keeping of foreps in the anus, can be
      avoided by immediate anastomosis using the USSC-GIA stapler. The use of the
      stapler is described and a clinical case reported.

PMID- 1199651
TI  - [Bronchial stapling. Review of 76 pulmonary resections (author's transl)].
AB  - Bronchial stapling with the USSC TA-30 device was used in 76 pulmonary
      resections. There were 6 fistulae i.e. 3.7% less than in a series of 216
      bronchial sutures.

PMID- 1199652
TI  - [Use of the brock punch for confection of a shunt between both ventricles, the
      ventricle and pulmonary artery or aorta without cardiopulmonary by-pass (CPB)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Use of the Brock punch for placing a graft on the ventricle is a simple and easy
      technique not requiring CPB. This offers large experimental possibilities with
      clinical applications resulting from the experience gained in the laboratory.

PMID- 1199653
TI  - [A metallic extractor in vascular surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have studied and perfected a series of 5 metallic extrators based on
      the extension of steel springs. This resulted in fine probe that can be used both
      in venous and arterial surgery. The authors have tested that the pressure
      produced by the springs does not exceed the mechanical resistance of normal
      vascular walls. It was possible to remove atheromatous fragments or clots, after
      other techniques had failed. These extractors seem well adapted to their task,
      that is to improve mechanical disobstruction of vessels.

PMID- 1199654
TI  - [The needlewoman crochet and the arterio-venous fistula of Cimino-Brescia
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors describe a simple means of destroying the venous valves that oppose
      countercurrent perfusion of the distal venous segment of a latero-lateral arterio
      venous fistula.

PMID- 1199656
TI  - Recent advances in intravascular surgery. Film.

PMID- 1199655
TI  - [Indications, method and results of autotransfusion in trauma and vascular
      surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have used the Bentley Ats 100 system, a disposable autotransfusion
      unit, in 31 cases of trauma and major vascular surgery. An original method of
      anticoagulation consisting in heparine (1 mg/kg bodyweight) and priming and
      flushing of the succion unit with ACD is described. The effect of the
      autotransfusion on the coagulation and the recent problems and advances are
      discussed.

PMID- 1199657
TI  - The carbon dioxide laser; some possibilities in surgery.
AB  - The CO2 laser emits an infra red beam with a wavelength of 10,6 mu. Focussing
      this beam gives a tremendous energy density. The strong absorption of this
      wavelength allows tissue evaporation at the focal point of the beam. The first
      surgical application is the use of this laser as a light knife. Satisfying
      haemostasis can be obtained. Vessels with an internal diameter up to 0,5 mm being
      sealed, haemostatic cutting is possible. Even cortical bone can easily be cut
      with this instrument. The ability to vaporize tissues can be used for tumor
      destruction. Special attachments for endoscopic surgery are available.
      Experimental work in the rectum and on vocal cords has been done in our
      laboratory. The important problem in laser surgery is the necrosis on the edges.
      Investigations about the viability of the margins, showed that the width of the
      necrosis is in linear relationship with the rate of the exposure time. For an
      exposure of 1/10th of a second this width was about 130 mu, for an exposure of 6
      seconds about 600 mu. After one year of experimental work with the CO2 laser we
      are convinced that this instrument might prove to be a reliable tool in surgery.

PMID- 1199658
TI  - [An improved technique for transverse pelvic incisions: supra-pubian deinsertion
      of rectus abdominis (author's transl)].
AB  - Deinsertion of the rectus muscles allows an esthaetic supra-pubian transverse
      incision, enlargeable at will and yielding a solid repair. The technique has the
      same indications, and many more, as the Pfannenstiel incision. For those who keep
      on using the latter the present technique always enables the surgeon to transform
      a narrow field into a large transverse laporotomy.

PMID- 1199659
TI  - [Aponeurotic suspension of the bladder cervix: how much tension should be put on
      the sling and how should this be measured (author's transl)].
AB  - In the sling operation for stress incontinence, it is difficult to have an
      appropriate tension on the sling. The authors describe the use of a modified
      Spring-gauge to measure this tension: this should be of 170 grammes.

PMID- 1199660
TI  - [Multidisciplinary treatment of cancers of the rectum. Clinical diagnosis].

PMID- 1199661
TI  - [Contributions of pathological anatomy in the prognostic evaluation of rectal
      cancer].

PMID- 1199662
TI  - [Radiotherapy in the cancer of the rectum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1199663
TI  - [The surgical prospect after irradiation of rectal cancer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1199664
TI  - [Chemotherapy of cancer of the rectum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1199665
TI  - Editorial: Fatty liver-steatonecrosis-cirrhosis.

PMID- 1199666
TI  - Electrical sizing of liver cell nuclei by the particle beam method. Mean volume,
      volume distribution and electrical resistance.
AB  - Electrical sizing of liver cell nuclei gives similar results as histological
      techniques for the mean volume, the volume distribution and the proportions of
      the different nuclear volume populations. The electrical method has, compared to
      histological technics, however, the advantage of higher rapidity and accuracy.
      Due to the good volume resolution of the improved electrical sizing method two
      populations of nuclei with different mean volumes can be distinguished in rat
      liver tissue besides di-, tetra- and octoploid cell nuclei. In addition to the
      volume distribution curves, the mean electrical resistance of isolated liver
      nuclei can be determined by the electrical sizing method. A newly developed
      micromehod provides enough cell nuclei for electrical sizing from only 10 mg
      liver tissue in a few minutes. This should enable the measurement of nuclear
      volume distribution curves of human biopsy material from the liver and
      gastrointestinal tract for diagnostic purposes on a larger scale.

PMID- 1199667
TI  - Synthetic capacity and cell metabolites of bile duct obstructed rat livers.
      Effect of free and conjugated dihydroxy bile acids.
AB  - Morphologic alterations in liver cells after bile duct ligation are well known
      and documented in numerous reports. Biochemical studies concerning metabolic
      changes in cholestatic liver are rare. Therefore, in this study, liver cell
      metabolites and the capacity of the perfused cholestatic rat liver to produce
      glucose, urea and ketone bodies were measured. In addition the influence of
      dihydroxy bile acids on normal and bile duct ligated rat livers was studied.
      Concentrations of adenine nucleotides, lactate, pyruvate, 3-hydroxybutyrate,
      acetoacetate, glucose and UDP-glucose were found to be identical in cholestatic
      and normal livers. Glycogen content, however, was significantly lowered in
      cholestatic livers. Gluconeogenesis from lactate and urea production from
      ammonium chloride were only slightly reduced in bile duct obstructed rat livers.
      Dihydroxy bile acids did not affect the metabolism of normal or cholestatic
      livers. Ketone body production from oleate was reduced to 66% in bile duct
      obstructed livers, taurochenodeoxycholate further reduced this value to the
      normal value. In contrast to earlier reports (Fisher and co-workers, 1971 Lab.
      Invest. 21; 88-91; Gastroenterology 60: 742) chenodeoxycholate induced neither
      cholestasis nor a marked fall in ATP content or rat liver in our experiments with
      female Wistar rats. In conclusion, dihydroxy bile salts did exert toxic short
      term effects on rat livers.

PMID- 1199668
TI  - The effect of long term treatment with penicillamine on the copper content in the
      liver in patients with Wilson's disease.
AB  - Determination of hepatic copper concentration is the most exact criterion in the
      diagnosis of Wilson's disease. In the course of penicillamine therapy the copper
      content in the liver decreases, but normal values are achieved only after five or
      more years of treatment. Normalisation of the hepatic cooper concentration lags
      distinctly behind the clinical state. Distinct improvement of clinical state is
      already reached after a half to one year of treatment. The correlation between
      hepatic copper concentration and the amount of copper's excreted in the urine is
      statistically significant before the starting of treatment and during
      administration of penicillamine as well. The urinary copper excretion is a good
      indirect and indicator of the copper concentration in the liver.

PMID- 1199669
TI  - The significance of HB antigenemy in apparently healthy persons in the clinic for
      liver diseases.
AB  - The study tries to clarify the affliction of liver as a consequence of the
      permanent HB antigenemy in apparently healthy persons. The study proves beyond
      doubt that in the majority of the HB antigen carriers such histological changes
      of the liver can be found that can be attributed only to an infection by the
      hepatitis virus. The majority of the HB antigen carriers are suffering either
      from the chronic focal (58%) or from the diffuse (21%) persistent hepatitis. A
      smaller percentage is suffering from more dangerous hepatopathies (acute viral
      hepatitis 4,2%, hepatitis chron. aggressiva 4.2%, cirrhosis 1,4%). The kind of
      the illness can be determined with the histological examination only because of
      the absence of the clinical symptomatology and because of the liver function
      tests are in such cases frequently normal. Our investigations indicate that the
      diffuse and focal forms of persistent hepatitis can remain unchanged overlong
      periods and the same histological findings over a number of years. The chronic
      persistent hepatitis, however, may develop through clinically imperceptible
      changes into a chronic aggressive hepatitis, and the inapparent acute hepatitis
      can even pass over directly into cirrhosis. The identification of various forms
      of hepatitis, from light instances to the most severe cases, among the HB antigen
      carriers proves that the acute viral hepatitis of the type B may have in all the
      phases of its development a clinically asymptomatic course; it may even
      asymptomatically pass over into hepatopathies of the most severe kinds. The state
      of health of persons with HB antigenemy must be systematically followed up. For
      these reasons the histological examinations of the bioptic liver material that
      are made from time to time during the follow up of the illness have a decisive
      role.

PMID- 1199670
TI  - PH of the gastric mucosa after surgical interventions an experimental study.
AB  - In 41 dogs the mucosal pH was studied before and after different types of gastric
      resection. After BI and BII-Schoemaker type of resection a decrease of the slope
      of the pH-graph and an increase in latency was found. The mean surface of the non
      acid area was the most extended in the BII-group, while the same was found for
      the pH-value of the border zone. Also the reduction of the number of parietal
      cells was reduced considerably. The changes in the microradioangiographic pattern
      and the histology of the border zone are discussed in view of the findings
      concerning the changes in mucosal pH and the histological investigation.

PMID- 1199671
TI  - Histology of polypoid lesions found in specimens resected for adenocarcinoma of
      the colon.
AB  - In a revision of 298 colectomy specimens resected for adenocarcinoma of the large
      bowell, 35 cases (13%) were found to have associated polypoid lesions. Twenty
      nine of the polypoid lesions were adenomatous polyps, one a villous adenoma and
      other a retention polyp. Eight of the adenomatous polyps had a variable degree of
      benign atypical changes and malignant transformation occurred in four adenomatous
      polyps with the development of an adenocarcinoma. Four other lesions were small
      polypoid adenocarcinomas arising in normal colonic mucosa. Four double primary
      carcinomas were found among the 35 colectomy specimens with polyps. In this paper
      a significative incidence of malignant polypoid lesions associated with
      adenocarcinomas of the large bowell were found. The importance of well defined
      histological criteria in the diagnosis of malignancy and atypical changesin
      adenomatous polyps in stressed out.

PMID- 1199672
TI  - Protein synthesis in human gastric mucosa: effects of pentagastrin, secretin, and
      13-nle-motilin.
AB  - This study in man (n = 35) deals with the effects of in vivo administration of
      pentagastrin, synthetic secretin, and 13-norleucine-motilin (13-nle-motillin),
      respectively, on the in vitro incorporation of 14C-leucine into gastric mucosal
      protein. From the results presented it may be concluded that pentagastrin has a
      trophic influence on gastric mucosa in man, too, while protein synthesis in human
      duodenal mucosa remains unaltered. As the incorporatin of 14C-leucine into
      gastric mucosal protein is inhibited both by secretion and 13-nle-motiln, it may
      be hypothesised that secretin and motilin act as functional antagonists of
      gastrin in the regulation of human gastric mucosal protein synthesis.

PMID- 1199673
TI  - [Sera showing the ability of erythrocyte panagglutination].
AB  - The properties of a factor causing panagglutination of erythrocytes are
      described. The factor was found in the sera of three patients when blood was
      tested for transfusion. Panagglutination appeared in the indirect antiglobulin
      test when the erythrocytes were being washed with 0.15 M NaCl without addition of
      phosphate buffer. The method for cross testing in such cases was elaborated, with
      washing the cells with 0.15 M NaCl buffered with phosphates.

PMID- 1199674
TI  - [Effect of HL-A system antigen differences on the specificity of produced anti
      leukocyte antibodies].
AB  - In Rh-negative volunteers immunized for development of anti-D antibodies the
      specificity of developed anti-leucocyte antibodies was determined. The
      specificity of these antibodies was analysed in relation to HL-A antigenic
      differences determined in donors and recipients. The antigenic power of sublocus
      II was found to be superior to that of sublocus I. Another observation was more
      frequent production of cross-reacting antibodies. A trial of analysis of these
      volunteers in whom no antileucocyte antibodies developed during immunization with
      blood was undertaken.

PMID- 1199675
TI  - [HL-A antigens in patients with Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - HL-A antigens were determined in 46 patients with Hodgkin's disease and a
      statistical analysis was carried out by the chi square test to compare the
      incidence of these antigens in patients with that in healthy people.
      Statistically significant differences were found in the first place in the HL-A5
      antigen (chi square = = 32.2) (p less than 0.005). This antigen was much more
      frequent in patients (43%) than in the healthy population (15%). A slightly lower
      frequency of antigen W5 was found in the group of patients (healthy controls --
      13.5%, patients -- 4.5%, chi square = 7.08, p less than 0.05).

PMID- 1199676
TI  - [Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of neutrophil granulocyte series in the bone
      marrow of white rats].
AB  - Ultrastructure of the neutrophil granulocyte series of rat was studied. Besides
      morphological investigations of maturating cells activity changes of two selected
      enzymes were determined: acid phosphatase and peroxidase. It was observed that
      the activity of acid phosphatase is connected with appearance of primary granules
      and peroxidase activity is connected with these granules as well but shows
      different location at different developmental levels of these cells.

PMID- 1199677
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the quality of leukocytes stored at -196 centigrades C
      in glycerol and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)].
AB  - The authors assessed the phagocytic ability of granulocytes, the ability of
      blastic transformation of lymphocytes after phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation
      in vitro culture, and the viability and number of these cells before freezing and
      after thawing. No significant differences were found in the quality of
      granulocytes stored in cryoprotective medium containing 13% of glycerol or 15% of
      PVP. On the other hand, much worse results were obtained in both cases in
      comparison with previous investigations in which DMSO was used as the protective
      agent. It was observed also that lympocytes stored in a cryoprotective medium
      containing 15% of PVP were not significantly depressed and retained their ability
      of blastic transformation in vitro under PHA stimulation. Similar results were
      obtained using in previous investigations a cryoprotective medium with DMSO.

PMID- 1199678
TI  - Double contrast examination with ingested barium.

PMID- 1199679
TI  - Experimental esophageal carcinoma in mastomys. A preliminary report.

PMID- 1199680
TI  - The effect of prostagrandin F2alpha E1 and some spasmolytic agents on the exposed
      cat basilar artery.

PMID- 1199681
TI  - Various background pattern-effect on saccadic suppression.
AB  - It has been proved that the saccadic suppression is a phenomenon closely related
      to the presence of contours and structures in the visual field. Experiments were
      performed to clarify whether the structured background influences the pattern of
      attention distribution (making the stimulus detection more difficult) or whether
      the elevation of visual threshold is due to the "masking' effect of the moving
      background image over the retina. Two types of backgrounds were used therefore:
      those with symbolic meaning in the processing of which "psychological' mechanisms
      are presumably involved like picture reproductions of famous painters and
      photographs of nudes, and those lacking semantic significance like computer
      figures composed of randomly distributed black and white squares with different
      grain expressed as the entropy of the pattern. The results show that saccadic
      suppression is primarily a consequence of peripheral mechanisms, probably of
      lateral inhibition in the visual field occurring in the presence of moving edges
      over the retina. Psychological factors have to be excluded as being fundamental
      for saccadic suppression.

PMID- 1199682
TI  - Evoked responses induced by random polygonal pattern presentation.
AB  - An experiment is described which was designated to test the assumption that
      visual EEG evoked response waveshapes in human beings may be influenced by the
      presentation of random shapes differing in level of their similarity and in
      angular position. A clear-cut difference between the blank flash and the patterns
      which might be determined by the presence of contours was observed. However,
      neither differences in EEG evoked responses referred to the shape nor to the
      angular position of the polygons were found.

PMID- 1199683
TI  - Recall in acoustically similar and dissimilar letters by normal and deaf
      subjects.
AB  - Stimulus matrices with 4 X 3 letters from an acoustically similar and dissimilar
      alphabet were presented tachystoscopically for 5 secs to 41 Ss divided into three
      groups, i.e. normal and deaf apprentices and deaf children. Each S was
      administered 42 stimulus matrices. While the difference in the number of errors
      between the acoustically similar and dissimilar alphabets proved significant in
      the hearing Ss, it was nonsignificant in the deaf, and in contrast to these two
      groups, in the children the number of errors with the acoustically similar
      alphabet was lower than with the dissimilar one. The error matrices indicate a
      systematic course of errors and their different pattern for the hearing and the
      deaf Ss. A visual and an articulating code which is reinforced by the length of
      oral training, may be presumed particularly in the deaf.

PMID- 1199684
TI  - The impairment of learning of conditioned avoidance response in rats after 6
      hydroxydopamine.
AB  - Intraventricular injection of 250 mug of 6-hydroxydopamine, twice in two days
      apart caused a complete abolition of learning of conditioned avoidance response
      (CAR) in rats. L-DOPA in a dose of 100 mg/kg and then in a dose of 200 mg/kg 1.
      p. injected during several days did not restore the learning of CAR. This
      indicates that intact catecholaminergic neurons are essential for the learning of
      CAR. We suggest that different brain mechanisms are involved in learning and
      maintaining gross locomotor behavior.

PMID- 1199685
TI  - A low frequency active filter with plug-in tuning impedances.
AB  - A new approach to the construction of low frequency (1 Hz -- 20 kHz) active
      filters, based on the application of a pair of IC operational amplifiers forming
      a separate module and a plug-in unit containing RC tuning circuits, is described.
      The electronic circuits and the design of the filters are presented with all
      details.

PMID- 1199686
TI  - A multivariate autoregressive transformation of an empirical time series which
      bases on the principal component analysis.

PMID- 1199687
TI  - Changes in heart rate variability due to informational, physical and emotional
      load, in laboratory and field conditions.

PMID- 1199688
TI  - Correlation between ERG (b-wave) and photically evoked potentials.

PMID- 1199689
TI  - Structural changes in the central nervous system of animals under conditions of
      sensibilisation.

PMID- 1199690
TI  - Hallucinoges and affective disorders.

PMID- 1199691
TI  - Follow-up of empirically obtained groups of psychotic patients and their placebo
      response.

PMID- 1199692
TI  - Dosage of neuroleptic drugs for schizophrenic patients (analysis of hospital
      cases in the psychiatric hospital during 1969 to 1973).

PMID- 1199693
TI  - To the problem of temporary and paemanent effect of drug therapy, particularly in
      chronic schizophrenia.

PMID- 1199694
TI  - Characteristics and limits of tolerance in repeated subarachnoid hemorrhage in
      dogs.
AB  - The effects of repeated subarachnoid hemorrhages have been investigated
      experimentally in dogs. The main objectives were to determine the tolerance to
      repeated hemorrhage and to study the changes occurring during the repeated
      bleeds, in intracranial pressure, EEG, ECG, systemic arterial pressure and
      respiration. The natural course of an intracranial hemorrhage was simulated by
      shunting blood from a femoral artery through a drop recorder into five different
      sites in the craniospinal system: the chiasmatic cistern, a lateral ventricle,
      the cisterna magna, the lumbar subarachnoid space and into the cerebral tissue of
      the left frontal lobe. The hemorrhage was allowed to continue until it stopped
      spontaneously. Each bleed resulted in a transient rise in intracranial pressure
      to the level of the arterial pressure, followed by a return to a steady state
      value. The time taken for the attainment of the steady state was increasingly
      prolonged. The final steady state pressure increased with each bleed. Ultimately,
      a stage was reached where the hemorrhage resulted in a sustained high pressure at
      the level of the arterial blood pressure, producing failure of vital functions
      and an irreversibly isoelectric electroencephalogram. The average number of
      bleeds necessary to produce this state in the case of hemorrhage into brain
      parenchyma was 3 (range 2-4), into the lateral ventricle, 4 range 3-5), and into
      the cisterna chiasmatica, 5 (range 2-7). After 5 hemorrhages into the cisterna
      magna and the spinal subarachnoid space, a local resistance at the bleeding site
      was built up which prevented further bleeding.

PMID- 1199695
TI  - Lethal mechanism in repeated subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs.
AB  - The mechanism limiting the tolerance to repeated subarachnoid hemorrhages was
      analysed experimentally. Blood introduced by an extracorporeal femorointrathecal
      shunt or by injection, into five different sites of the cranio-spinal system in
      living and dead dogs, produced a progressive increase in the steady state CSF
      pressure after each subsequent bleed. The pressure increase was quantitatively
      related to the amount of blood entering the system. A comparison of the
      respective effects of injections of whole blood and of erythrocytes indicated
      that the red blood cells were the component which induced an increase in the
      outflow resistance by clogging the pathways of the cerebrospinal fluid. The
      increase in outflow resistance with each bleed resulted in a stepwise rise in
      pressure to a level incompatible with survival. The lethal volume of bleed was
      specific for each site of hemorrhage: namely for brain parenchyma 8.1 ml, lateral
      ventricle 16.2 ml, cisterna chiasmatica 17.7 ml, cisterna magna 30 ml, and spinal
      subarachnoid space 55 ml. The assumption that death might be a random event was
      discarded, the failure of vital functions being considered to be the result of
      the high intracranial pressure. Mock bleeds using intrathecal infusions of saline
      suggested that spatial decompensation rather than cumulative ischemic effects
      caused death.

PMID- 1199696
TI  - Dexamethasone effect on blood-brain barrier damage caused by acute hypertension
      in x-irradiated rabbits.
AB  - Unilateral X-ray exposure of brain increases the vulnerability of cerebral
      vessels to acute hypertension in the brain hemisphere exposed to radiation. A
      preventive effect of dexamethasone was observed when treatment with the drug was
      started before irradiation; but also when the drug was given 24 h before acute
      hypertension was induced, 1 week after irradiation.

PMID- 1199697
TI  - Obstruction of the upper urinary tract after treatment of carcinoma of the
      uterine cervix.
AB  - The frequency of obstruction of the upper urinary tract after treatment of
      carcinoma of the uterine cervix was assessed in an investigation of 100
      consecutive patients. 64 of the women were treated surgically (Wertheim
      hysterectomy); the remaining 36, with Wertheim hysterectomy combined with
      radiotherapy (combined treatment). The patients were examined with isotope
      renography and with i.v. urography before, as well as 14 dyas, 2 months, 4-6
      months, and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years after, the operation. When necessary, these
      examinations were supplemented by retrograde pyelography, intravenous pyelography
      and selective renal function tests. Postoperatively 40.3% of the patients treated
      with surgery alone showed signs of ureteric obstruction whereas the figure for
      those treated with the combined treatment was 55%. Of the patients 25 developed
      in the early postoperative course mild ureteric obstruction which disappeared
      within half a year. Such mild obstruction was not regarded as a true complication
      of the treatment given. On the other hand, 21 patients developed obstinate
      ureteric obstruction. In 14 of these patients surgical intervention was necessary
      to save renal function. Most of the patients with serious ureteric obstruction
      had fairly advanced carcinoma (15 of stage 2 and 6 of stage1). Radiotherapy had
      been given more often in this group (15 out of 21) than in the rest. In 4 of the
      patients the ureteric obstruction was due to a recurrence of a tumour. This means
      that the true frequency of postoperative ureteric obstruction was 17%. In the
      group given combined treatement urinary stasis persisted longer than in the group
      treated with surgery alone. Renography and urography were done on 682 occasions
      and the results did not agree in 14%.

PMID- 1199698
TI  - Relationship between endometrial Arias-Stella phenomenon and concentrations of
      urinary chorionic gonadotropin and serum human placental lactogen.
AB  - Serum placental lactogen (HPL) and urinary chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) were
      measured in 14 patients with the endometrial Arias-Stella phenomenon and in 35
      comparable patients without this reaction in order to explore a possible
      causative relationship between the hormonal levels and the endometrial changes.
      The concentrations of HPL and HCG were similar in both groups of patients,
      indicating a lack of correlation between the levels of these two hormones and
      endometrial changes.

PMID- 1199699
TI  - Studies in cholestasis of pregnancy. IV. Serum lipids and lipoproteins in
      relation to duration of symptoms and severity of the disease, and fatty acid
      composition of lecithin in relation to duration of symptoms.
AB  - Pregnant women with pruritus and with cholestasis of pregnancy verified from the
      medical history and by the presence of lipoprotein-X in serum have been studied.
      Thirty-nine patients were investigated for serum lipids (cholesterol,
      phospholipids, and triglycerides), serum lipoproteins (high-density-lipoproteins
      cholesterol and estimated low-density-lipoproteins cholesterol), and for
      hematological data (serum iron and serum iron binding capacity), in relation to
      duration of pruritus. In 28 patients the serum lecithin concentrations and fatty
      acid compositions were also analysed. Severity and duration of the disease
      appeared to influence the lipid/lipoprotein metabolism. The results support the
      hypothesis of an abnormal reaction of liver metabolism to estrogens in the
      initial stage of cholestasis of pregnancy.

PMID- 1199700
TI  - Influence of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices (Cu-7-IUD) on the
      menstrual blood-loss.
AB  - In a series of 43 healthy women menstrual blood loss was determined before and
      after insertion of copper IUD (Gravigard). The menstrual blood loss before
      insertion was compared with the blood loss 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 12 months
      after insertion. An increase amounting to approximately 20 ml per period without
      significant variations during the study was recorded. No significant influence
      upon serum iron and TIBC was found in 15 of the subjects selected by random.
      Compared with plastic IUD's the tested copper IUD causes a less pronounced
      increase of the menstrual blood loss. The menstrual blood loss in a small group
      of women with menorrhagia was determined before and up to 5 months after
      insertion of copper IUD. No aggravation of the menorrhagia was however recorded
      in this group.

PMID- 1199701
TI  - The relationship between the cephalo-pedal progress of clinical icterus and the
      serum bilirubin concentration in newborn infants without blood type
      sensitization.
AB  - The correlation between the cephalo-pedal progress of clinical icterus and the
      serum bilirubin concentration was examined in newborn infants without blood type
      sensitization. In daylight, 374 observations were made, 290 on 121 mature infants
      and 84 on 24 premature infants. The investigation showed that a caudad progress
      of icterus corresponded with an increasing serum bilirubin concentration, and
      repeated observations can demonstrate whether icterus progresses, showing that
      the concentration is increasing. The same relationship was found in respect of
      all the infants with the exception of the two smallest (birth weight less than or
      equal to 1000 g). They were icteric on the feet at lower concentrations than in
      the other infants. Furthermore, the relationship did not depend on which day the
      observations were made. It was not necessary to determine the bilirubin
      concentration until icterus had progressed to below the knees, as a concentration
      less than or equal to 110 mg/1 corresponded to all observations in which the
      lower limit of icterus was found proximal to the knees. However, in the small
      premature infants it would have been reasonable to measure the concentration when
      icterus had reached the area below umbilicus.

PMID- 1199703
TI  - Correlation between human chorionic somatomammotropin and placental weight.
AB  - Human chorionic somatomammotropin concentration in serum (S-HCS) during the
      latter half of pregnancy was measured by radioimmunoassay and correlated to the
      placental weight, in two groups of normal, healthy, pregnant women. In one group,
      228 samples from 47 women were examined, which gives a longitudinal series. In
      the other group, single samples from each of 346 pregnant women were examined,
      which gives a cross-sectional series. Both groups were randomized on the basis of
      a prospective selection. The mean values of S-HCS in each week of gestation were
      almost identical in the two groups, showing a steady increase until 37-38 weeks
      and a subsequent decrease. In the longitudinal series there was a positive
      correlation between the S-HCS and placental weight after 37 weeks' gestation, but
      not before that time. Before 37 weeks gestation the ratio S-HCS/placental weight
      was significantly higher with small placentae than with large placentae. This
      difference between small and large placentae disappeared after 37 weeks. These
      results point to the existence of some regulatory mechanism tending to keep the S
      HCS concentration within certain limits, independent of placental weight. This
      mechanism appears to be lost after 37 weeks of gestation when the S-HCS
      concentration starts to correlate with placental weight.

PMID- 1199702
TI  - Treatment of pruritus in cholestasis of pregnancy with a new anion exchange resin
      (Secholex).
AB  - Anion exchange resins form a non-absorbable complex with bile acids in the
      intestine, thus removing bile acids from the enterohepatic circulation and
      facilitating bile acid excretion in the faeces. A new bile acid sequestrant (PDX
      chloride, Secholex) was evaluated for the relief of pruritus in cholestasis of
      pregnancy (CP) in 31 women. CP was verified by the presence of the abnormal
      lipoprotein X in serum and the clinical series was divided into two degrees of
      severity, pruritus gravidarum (PG) and hepatosis of pregnancy (HP) based on liver
      function tests. Eleven of 31 women discontinued treatment because of gastro
      intestinal side effects. Of the 20 women continuing the study for more than one
      week, all with a milder form of cholestasis, PG (n=8), experienced relief of
      pruritus, while some relief was obtained in 75% of the women with HP. After up to
      4 weeks administration of Secholex, no obvious interference with fat absorption
      was evident judging from the serum lecithin content of linoleic and arachidonic
      acids. A reduction in serum folic acid might indicate an interaction in folic
      acid absorption. An expected reduction in serum cholesterol levels which are
      characteristically increased in CP, was not achieved by the administration of
      Secholex.

PMID- 1199704
TI  - Patterns of free fatty acids, glycerol, D-beta-hydroxybutyrate and insulin in
      pregnant women and their newborn infants. Effects of a low and a high insulin
      response to glucose in the mothers.
AB  - Twenty-eight healthy women, 17 with high and 11 with low insulin response to
      glucose but with normal glucose tolerance, were followed throughout pregnancy.
      Plasma FFA, glycerol and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate as well as plasma insulin and
      glucose in blood were determined before and during a glucose infusion test (GIT)
      in each trimester and after pregnancy. In 13 infants of high insulin responders
      (IHR) and 10 infants of low responders (ILR) an intravenous glucose tolerance
      test (IVGTT) was performed, and the above lipid parameters were studied at birth
      and during the IVGTT. The low responder group was postulated to consist mainly of
      prediabetic individuals (8). Their infants have previously been shown to have an
      increased glucose assimilation rate at IVGTT (12, 13), as has been shown for
      infants of diabetic mothers. There was little difference between the two groups
      of mothers except for the insulin levels during the GIT in non-pregnant and early
      pregnant subjects, which were considerably lower in the low responders. They all
      had decreased fasting levels of FFA, glycerol, and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate in mid
      pregnancy and normal values in late pregnancy. The ILR showed the same changes in
      FFA and glycerol as the IHR, but their D-beta-hydroxybutyrate levels were higher
      at birth than those of the IHR and lower after birth. Another difference found,
      was the correlation between birth weight and fasting insulin (and to some extent
      the insulin level at birth) in the ILR group, which was not found in the IHR.
      Apart from those differences the ILR and the IHR seemed to handle their fat
      metabolism in a similar way in the early neonatal perinatal period.

PMID- 1199705
TI  - The frequency of fetal bradycardia during selective epidural anaesthesia.
AB  - The frequency of marked fetal bradycardia (FB) during selective lumbar epidural
      anaesthesia with 0.25% or 0.5% bupivacaine (Marcain, Bofors) without adrenaline
      in doses of 5 ml to 8 ml is reported. 35 patients were monitored by means of the
      Hewlett-Packard Cardiotocograph with Hon's spiral scalp electrode and a
      transcervical catheter connected to a Hewlett-Packard (1280 B/C) physiological
      pressure transducer. Only patients with a normal cardiotocogram (CTG) before
      anaesthesia are included. During the second stage pathological fetal heart rate
      (FHR) patterns and technical artefacts are common, therefore the CTGs recorded in
      this period were not considered. In the 35 patients the total time of
      intrauterine monitoring was 119 hours. During this period 125 doses of 0.25% and
      23 doses of 0.5% bupivacaine were given. In 33 parturients the FHR changes
      observed were insignificant. In one case a period of marked FB was seen. One
      parturient developed acute hypotension with a synchronous FB while lying in the
      supine position. It is concluded that continuous lumbar epidural anaesthesia with
      bupivacaine without adrenaline does not precipitate FB during the first stage
      when care is taken to avoid maternal hypotension.

PMID- 1199706
TI  - The use of electro-analgesia in obstetrics and gynecology. A survey by
      invitation.
AB  - The newly-developed method of electroanalgesia is based on the employment of low
      intensity impulse currents with extended frequency range and electrode
      application in the region of the forehead and mastoid processes. Electro
      analgesia has been successfully used in preparing the pregnant woman for labour,
      in controlling abnormal uterine contractility, in preventing and treating
      toxaemia of pregnancy. It produces favourable effects on the mother and the
      fetus. Electro-analgesia has also been successfully used in labour anaesthesia,
      and as part of a combined method of general anaesthesia in 200 obstetrical and
      gynaecologic operations and the postoperative period.

PMID- 1199707
TI  - Interference of antiseptics containing hexamethylene tetraamine (Hiprex) with the
      estimation of urinary oestriol excretion during pregnancy.

PMID- 1199708
TI  - Radiation treatment of cancer of the cervix of the uterus at the Radium Institute
      in Copenhagen from 1951-54.

PMID- 1199709
TI  - Bone mineral in patients with osteoarthrosis of the hip.
AB  - A series of 29 patients with primary osteoarthrosis of the hip were studied to
      evaluate their bone mineral status. A comparison was made with a series of
      persons with healthy bones. The bone mineral content of the osteoarthrotics, as
      measured either by gamma ray attenuation in the forearm bones, or as cortical
      indexes, or obtained from the combined cortical thicknesses of the second
      metacarpals from the radiographs, was not higher than in the control series.
      These findings do not support the concept that patients with osteoarthrosis tend
      to have a higher "mineral density" than healthy people.

PMID- 1199710
TI  - Early changes in the composition of rabbit articular cartilage following
      experimentally produced intra-articular fractures. A histological and
      thermoanalytical study.
AB  - Intra-articular fractures were produced in rabbit knee joints. The articular
      cartilage of the injured joints was processed histologically and analysed by a
      complex thermoanalytical method. It was demonstrated that intra-articular
      fractures in the early stages have essentially no irreversible damaging effects
      on the composition of articular cartilage of injured joints.

PMID- 1199711
TI  - Management of fractured scaphoid bone. A prospective study of 100 fractures.
AB  - One hundred fractured carpal scaphoids were immobilised alternatively in above
      elbow and below-elbow casts. Preventing the pronation and supination of the
      forearm did not reduce the immobilisation time, which, with either type of cast,
      averaged 7 weeks, after exclusion of the fractures with delayed union. These
      eight fractures, which did not unite in 3 months, were operated on using a lag
      screw fixation, whereafter consolidation was achieved.

PMID- 1199712
TI  - Synovectomy of the elbow in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The results of 105 synovectomies + resection of the radial head in 84 patients
      with rheumatoid arthritis are shown. Pain was the main indication for surgery,
      and 1 1/4-6 2/4 years later about 80 per cent had pain relief at work, 90 per
      cent pain relief at rest. About 60 per cent of the elbows gained in rotation
      movement; about 40 per cent gained in hinge movement. Thirteen elbows had to be
      reoperated. In all cases there was only radial approach to the joint, which the
      authors find gives adequate exposure, few complications, and easy postoperative
      treatment.

PMID- 1199713
TI  - Surgical treatment of rupture of the rotator cuff tendon.
AB  - A total of 55 tears of the rotator cuff tendon were surgically treated at the
      Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Helsinki University Central
      Hospital, during the period 1960-1970. The rate of operative treatment was about
      12 per cent. When more than half a year had elapsed since the accident, excision
      of the acromion was almost the only operative procedure carried out (10/12
      patients). Excision of the acromion was performed as the only procedure in 16
      cases and in connection with surgical repair of the rotator cuff tendon in 20
      cases. This operation brings relief of nocturnal pain, but it is harmful in the
      treatment of large tears when used alone and sometimes also in connection with
      surgical repair of the rotator cuff tendon. Surgical repair of the lesion seems
      to give the best results, provided it is performed within 1 month of the injury.

PMID- 1199714
TI  - Fracture of the scapular notch associated with lesion of the suprascapular nerve.
AB  - In a material consisting of 18 patients with scapula fractures, the scapular
      notch was involved in two cases. In one of these cases injury of the
      suprascapular nerve function was proved. The value of X-ray examination with
      projections visualizing the scapular notch is pointed out. EMG examination in
      selected cases with the combination of reduced supraspinatus muscle function and
      a fracture of the scapular notch is recommended in order to diagnose injury of
      the suprascapular nerve.

PMID- 1199715
TI  - A long term follow-up of Moore arthroplasty in femoral neck fractures.
AB  - Moore arthroplasty was performed for medial femoral neck fractures in 169
      patients. The mortality rate was 21.3 per cent within 3 months. The general
      postoperative complication rate (39.6 per cent) was dominated by cardiopulmonary
      (17.2 per cent) and thromboembolic (16.0 per cent) events. Of local
      complications, wound infection was found in 4.7 per cent and osteitis in 3.0 per
      cent of cases. A total of 60 patients were followed up with a mean observation
      time of 4.9 years. Of these, 8.3 per cent sustained femoral fractures during this
      period. The results classified according to the criteria of the American Academy
      of Orthopedic Surgeons showed 52 per cent excellent or good, 43 per cent fair and
      5 per cent poor results. The roentgenological finding of settling or osteolysis
      along the prosthesis was significantly correlated to reduced hip mobility.
      Ossification in the prosthetic fenestres gave significantly diminished settling,
      and was correlated to better hip mobility and less pain. In our opinion, Moore
      arthroplasty has proved to be an acceptable method for the treatment of femoral
      neck fractures in elderly patients, as 73 per cent had an acceptable range of
      motion, 40 per cent managed walking distances of more than 500 m and 70 per cent
      had minimal or no pain. Although 25 per cent became nursing home patients, this
      reduction of vitality could be related to the hip arthroplasty in only two cases.

PMID- 1199716
TI  - Classification of medial fractures of the femoral neck.
AB  - In this study 444 consecutive cases of medial fracture of the femoral neck
      treated in the city of Turku are considered on the basis of the proposals of
      Garden (1961) and Pauwels (Leitz 1966) for the classification of fracture types.
      In order to find out what kind of classification is most practical and coherent a
      retrospective comparison of the progress of healing was made on the basis of the
      aforementioned classifications of fracture. Garden's classification proved to be
      far more logical and was much more reliable for the prognosis of recovery. For
      this reason and also because of the ease with which his criteria can be applied,
      the present authors recommend the general use of Garden's classification.

PMID- 1199717
TI  - Early weightbearing after classical internal fixation of medial fractures of the
      femoral neck.
AB  - This study is a survey of a series of 446 patients, treated in the city of Turku,
      Finland, between 1964 and 1971, for medial fractures of the femoral neck.
      Fractures were treated by means of the classical nailing method (nail placed
      along the central axis of the femoral neck, ad modum Smith-Petersen). An
      unselected group of patients were treated in such a way that they were already
      allowed to bear weight on the injured limb 2 weeks post-operatively (120
      patients). The remaining patients were not allowed to bear weight on the injured
      limb until 12-14 weeks after nailing (261 patients). The progress of recovery was
      studied retrospectively, a comparison being made between the early and late
      weightbearers. Without reference to the type of fracture (according to the
      classifications of Garden or Pauwels) or to the method of fixing (Smith-Petersen
      nail, with or without side-plate) bone union was relatively more frequent and
      failures were relatively less frequent among early weightbearers than among late
      weightbearers. Early weightbearing had a beneficial effect upon the healing of
      the fracture and there was no evidence in the case of early weightbearers of any
      additional complications. A comparative study of the whole patient group on the
      basis of the time-lag between the accident and the operation--some were nailed 1
      3 days, some 4-7 days and some more than a week after the fracture had taken
      place--revealed no significant differences.

PMID- 1199718
TI  - Trochanteric femoral fractures treated with McLaughlin osteosynthesis.
AB  - Of 317 patients with trochanteric femoral fractures, 305 were treated with
      McLaughlin osteosynthesis. The mortality rate was 14.5 per cent. The
      postoperative complication rate (35.6 per cent) was dominated by cardiopulmonary
      (10.6 per cent) and thromboembolic (10.6 per cent) events. Wound infection was
      found in 3.8 per cent and osteitis in 0.9 per cent. In all, 106 patients had
      stable fractures according to the Evans classification. Of these, four had to be
      re-operated due to penetration or a loose bolt. Two hundred and eleven patients
      (66.6 per cent) had unstable fractures. Follow-up of 169 patients showed two
      thirds to have healed in unchanged position. Only 14.8 per cent of the 169
      patients had significant fracture complications, particularly varus dislocation
      of more than 20 degrees (nine patients) and penetration of the nail (eight
      patients). A total of 10 patients (5.9 per cent) had to be re-operated because of
      varus dislocation, broken plate or development of pseudarthrosis after removal of
      the osteosynthesis material. McLaughlin osteosynthesis is concluded to be a
      suitable method for the treatment of trochanteric femoral fractures--also of the
      unstable type.

PMID- 1199719
TI  - Femoral nerve compression syndrome with paresis of the quadriceps muscle caused
      by radiotherapy of malignant tumours. A report of four cases.
AB  - Four patients showed signs of femoral nerve compression with subsequent paresis
      of the quadriceps muscle, after radiation therapy of malignant tumours. The
      compression was caused by scar tissue due to radiation treatment of the inguinal
      region. The first symptom was radiating pain in the front of the thigh and lower
      leg which appeared 12-16 months after X-ray treatment. A decrease in the strength
      of quadriceps muscle occurred some months later. In one case the femoral nerve
      was decompressed, another patient was treated by an intradural phenolglycerin
      injection and one patient was treated with cortisone and oxiphenbutazone. In
      these cases the pain decreased considerably, but in one case only the paresis of
      the quadriceps muscle improved after treatment.

PMID- 1199720
TI  - Chondromalacia of the patella. Incidence, macroscopical and radiographical
      findings at autopsy.
AB  - In a post-mortem series of 59 persons aged 10-50 years, 91 of the 118 patellae
      exhibited cartilaginous changes. These changes were most common in the older age
      groups and usually affected the medial articular facet where they were also most
      extensive and most profound. Clinical and radiological assessment showed this
      facet to be less suited to articulation with the femur because of its convex
      joint surface, central ridges, and prominences. Radiography using tangential
      views of the entire patella and of 2 mm thick slices of the patella showed in
      cases with macroscopically normal cartilage a less dense bony structure medially
      and a denser structure laterally. Even in the presence of distinct cartilaginous
      changes this difference in bone density did not alter essentially. In particular,
      there was no definite sclerosing medially, where the changes in the cartilage
      were most marked. Osteophyte formation was sparse, but most common in the older
      age groups, and laterally. Osteophytes were seen only on patellae with
      cartilaginous changes.

PMID- 1199721
TI  - 150 open fractures of the tibial shaft--the relation between necrosis of the skin
      and delayed union.
AB  - In 150 open fractures of the tibial shaft a close relationship between the
      presence of skin necrosis and delayed union was found. The incidence of skin
      necrosis rose with the severity of trauma. It was high (22 per cent) among the
      fractures that were treated conservatively, but even higher (41 per cent) among
      those treated with primary osteosynthesis. Neither conventional conservative
      treatment nor osteosynthesis seems to be satisfactory as a primary treatment of
      the most severe cases. It is instead suggested that external fixation by the
      Hoffmann-Vidal technique should be combined with transposition of viable muscle
      tissue across denuded fractured bone areas according to the method of Ger.

PMID- 1199722
TI  - Aneurysm of popliteal artery caused by cartilaginous exostosis. A case report.
AB  - A case is reported of traumatic aneurysm in a young man, caused by cartilaginous
      exostosis distally in the femur. An analysis is given of 18 similar cases from
      the literature.

PMID- 1199723
TI  - The neuropathic ulcer and loads on the foot in diabetic patients.
AB  - Normal subjects and diabetic patients with and without food ulcers have been
      studied using an apparatus which measures the loads on the foot during walking.
      Diabetic patients have alterations in loading which show as a lateral shift of
      the highest maximum load on the forefoot and a decrease in the load carried by
      the toes. There is a significant progression of these changes between normal
      subjects, diabetic patients with deformity of the foot but no ulcer, and diabetic
      patients with foot ulcers. All the patients with ulcers exerted maximum loads at
      the site of the ulcer.

PMID- 1199724
TI  - Congenital clubfoot. A follow-up of 95 persons treated in Sweden from 1940-1945
      with special reference to their social adaption and subjective symptoms from the
      foot.
AB  - A follow-up, with special reference to social adaptation and subjective symptoms,
      was done on 95 persons with congenital club feet treated in Sweden 1940-1945. At
      an age of 27-33 years the individuals managed themselves well and in spite of
      physical as well as psychological handicap they deviated relatively only a little
      from the normal population as regards work, sports and other social adaptibility.

PMID- 1199725
TI  - Congenital metatarsus varus. On the advantages of early treatment.
AB  - Among 212 infants with congenital metatarsus varus 84 (39.6 per cent) of the
      infants were treated. Only the treated group is considered in the analysis. Daily
      manipulative therapy was given followed by fixation in elastic bandage or splint.
      The manipulations aimed at correcting the adduction of the fore part of the foot,
      as well as the increased valgus of the heel. In 68 infants treatment was
      instituted before one year of age. The results were good in 65 of these patients
      and correspondingly good results were obtained in 15 out of 16 patients treated
      at more than one year of age. Subluxation in the fore- and midfoot and bony
      incongruity present at birth are offered as a possible explanation for lack of
      spontaneous recovery before weightbearing as well as the occurrence of resistant
      cases. Spontaneous improvement may take place during childhood and may be
      explained by the influence of the position of the heel during weightbearing.

PMID- 1199726
TI  - Light and electron microscopic studies of the bone marrow and blood cells in
      chronic panmyelosis including polycythemia vera and primary thrombocythemia.
AB  - Both bone marrow and peripheral blood was investigated light and electron
      microscopically in 3 cases with polycythemia vera, 2 cases with primary
      thrombocythemia and 1 case with panmyelosis. In 5 cases the peripheral blood
      showed persistent increase in cells of two or three hematopoietic systems. Giant
      thrombocytes in the peripheral blood were seen in 3 cases. Erythroblasts,
      granulocytic young forms, and megakaryocytes were often observed in the blood.
      Histologic bone marrow examination showed prominent proliferation of all 3
      hematopoietic cells in every case. Cytological and electron microscopical
      examinations of the bone marrow revealed many mitotic figures, morphological
      abnormalities, and unbalanced nucleocytoplasmic maturation in various
      hematopoietic cells. These findings suggested that the proliferation of all 3
      hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow was not simply reactive in nature, but an
      idiopathic progressive process. It is considered that these disorders and primary
      myelosclerosis represent no separate entities and must be unified as "chronic
      panmyelosis".

PMID- 1199727
TI  - Changes in vascular permeability in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
      studied with peroxidase as a tracer.
AB  - Cerebrovascular permeability in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
      (SHR) at various ages was histologically studied using horseradish peroxidase as
      a tracer and such was related to the cerebrovascular lesions in the animals. An
      increase in permeability was demonstrated in the brain of SHR, particularly in
      those animals with an extremely high blood pressure. Increased cerebrovascular
      permeability occurred in some animals without any organic vascular change or
      severe parenchymal changes, although edema was present. Histologically, the SHR
      brain with an increase in permeability showed mild focal edema, rarefaction of
      tissue and necrosis with cyst formation. Thus a transitional progress was
      evident. Localization of the increase in permeability corresponded well with the
      predilection sites of cerebrovascular lesions in SHR. Constrictions and
      dilatations of intracerebral arterioles and small arteries were also demonstrated
      by the peroxidase method, and the dilated arterial walls did reveal a darker
      staining. From these results it is strongly suggested that certain
      cerebrovascular lesions, especially necrosis with cyst formation in SHR are
      sequelae of the increased cerebrovascular permeability caused by a chronic
      hypertensive state.

PMID- 1199728
TI  - Giant mesenteric lymphoid tumor (Castleman's lymphoma) - a case report.
AB  - An autopsy case of a giant mesenteric lymphoid tumor in a 57-year-old female was
      examined anatomo-biologically. A 17X15X6 cm3-sized pinkish gray-coloured
      medullary tumor occupying the mesenterium with no evident capsule, invaded the
      small intestine and pancrease head. Histologically, it was a lymphoid tissue
      consisting of hyalinized angiofollicular architecture having epithelioid cells
      and tingible body macrophages in the follicles. Some small-sized follicles showed
      typical Hassalloid architecture and other follicles consisted of monotonous
      growth of lymphocytes without a mantle zone, some of them fusing with each other.
      The histopathological appearance of the tumor was that of Castleman's lymphoma
      and of hyaline-vascular type of Keller's Classification. There was another
      0.6X0.5X0.5 cm3-sized tumor having an angiofollicular architecture in the
      subserosa of the sigmoid colon. The present case was complicated with vertebral
      caries, hypogammaglobulinemia (1.2%), eosinophilia (50%) and
      panbronchobronchiolitis, the last one being responsible for her death.

PMID- 1199729
TI  - Congenital muscular dystrophy associated with micropolygyria - report of two
      cases.
AB  - This is a report on two autopsy cases of congenital muscular dystrophy associated
      with micropolygyria. The first case was that of an 11-year-old boy and the other
      of a 22-year-old male adult. Both cases had similar clinical features, very early
      onset of disease, diffuse and extensive wasting of skeletal muscles including
      facial muscles, contracture of joints, hypotonia and mental retardation. In the
      familial histories of these two cases, the parents of the boy were
      consanguineous, and a sister of the adult case suffered from muscle weakness and
      mental retardation. Both of these two cases were clinically diagnosed as
      congenital cerebromuscular dystrophy (Fukuyama's type). Autopsy revealed marked
      dystrophy of generalized skeletal muscles and widespread micropolygyria of the
      brain in both cases. Spinal cords and peripheral nerves were free from any
      prominent changes. It was concluded that so-called congenital cerebromuscular
      dystrophy may be caused by myogenic as well as neurogenic abnormalities during
      fetal period.

PMID- 1199730
TI  - Hypophosphatasia-study on two autopsy cases.
AB  - The autopsy findings of two cases of infantile hypophosphatasia are described and
      compared with those of 16 previously reported cases. Histochemical and
      biochemical tissue analysis for alkaline phosphatase showed a marked decrease in
      activity in liver, kidney, and bones. However, intestinal alkaline phosphatase
      possessed normal or slightly elevated activity. Nephrocalcinosis is a frequent
      complication and its development depends on hypercalcemia and length of survival
      of the patient. Electron microscopic findings are illustrated, and a mechanism
      for the development of nephrocalcinosis is proposed. For the first time, marked
      elevations of parathyroid hormone was detected. This finding, coupled with the
      extreme difficulty in locating the parathyroid glands in cases of
      hypophosphatasia, is enigmatic. Areas for furture investigation are suggested.

PMID- 1199731
TI  - Acetylene compounds of potential pharmacological value. XXI. Further studies on
      the effect of branching the intermediate chain of N-(t-aminoalkynyl)-substituted
      succinimides and 2-pyrrolidones.

PMID- 1199732
TI  - Synthesis and hypnotic activities of some allenic alcohols and carbamates.

PMID- 1199733
TI  - Production and characterization of antibodies to atropine.

PMID- 1199734
TI  - Identification and quantitation of a 3-benzylidenephthalide contaminant of
      phenindione tablets and its characterization as a potentially immunogenic
      substance.

PMID- 1199735
TI  - Potential hypolipidemic agents. XI. Synthesis, plasma lipid-lowering properties
      and bioavailability of some esters of 2-(4-dibenzofuranoloxy)-2-methylpropionic
      acid.

PMID- 1199736
TI  - An improved synthesis and mass fragmentometry of 5-fluoroorotic acid.

PMID- 1199737
TI  - Synthesis of 6-aminohex-4-ynoic acid, an acetylenic analogue of epsilon
      aminocaproic acid.

PMID- 1199738
TI  - In vitro metabolism of cannabinol in rat and rabbit liver. Syntheses of 2"-, 3"-
      and 5"-hydroxycannabinol.

PMID- 1199739
TI  - On the dynamics of the pulmonary stretch receptor.
AB  - An attempt to describe mathematically the dynamic behavior of a slowly adapting
      pulmonary stretch receptor is presented. The elaborated formula makes it possible
      to assess both the dynamics of the receptor firing and the phenomenon of
      adaptation.

PMID- 1199740
TI  - Effect of electrode implantation and electrical stimulation of hypothalamus of
      food intake in cats.
AB  - Electrodes were implanted into HL in cats. Influence of implantation on daily
      food intake and alimentary preferences was investigated. Then, the particular
      sites were stimulated electrically and the general behavior of cats and their
      attitude towards the food was observed. Implantation effected food intake in
      different manner in particular individuals. All animals changed their preferences
      in the direction of raw meat. Electrical stimulation of sites producing
      alimentary behavior (10 from the 35 investigated) caused the same preference.
      Alimentary behavior occuring during the stimulation of these sites seems not to
      be related to the increase of hunger drive.

PMID- 1199741
TI  - The effect of lesions of the dorsomedial thalamic nucleus on alimentary
      conditioned reflexes and food intake in dogs.
AB  - The experiments have been carried out on 6 dogs with type II conditioned
      alimentary reaction. After achieving the criterion in all animals the dorsomedial
      thalamic nucleus was destroyed by means of electrocoagulation. After the
      operation hypophagia developed with a rise in the number of intertrial responses
      and disinhibition of the alimentary conditioned reaction not exceeding 6 days.
      The obtained results confirm in part the hypothesis of Brutkowski who regarded
      this nucleus as belonging to a system controlling feeding behavior.

PMID- 1199742
TI  - The effect of a single intense effort on the activity of aminotransferases and
      concentration of free amino acids in the plasma of rats.
AB  - Untrained rats were subjected to a single intense physical effort. In the plasma
      the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and the
      concentrations of amino acids: glycine, cystine, alanine and leucine with
      isoleucine were measured. The results were compared with the data obtained in a
      control group. Despite lack of statistically significant differences in the
      activity of aminotransferases and concentration of amino acids between these
      groups a correlation was found between the activity of AIAT and alanine
      concentration in the animals after exercise. The concentration of alpha-amino
      nitrogen was decreased statistically significantly in the group of animals
      subjected to intensive exercise.

PMID- 1199743
TI  - Investigations of erythropoiesis in newborn rats. Erythropoiesis in newborn rats
      in physiological conditions.
AB  - Erythropoiesis was investigated in suckling rats from the 1st to the 19th day of
      life when the use of 59Fe. In 2-day and 5-day old rats it was less intensive than
      in later days. The haemopoietic processes were most intensive between the 7th and
      14th day of life. Following this period the activity gradually decreased.

PMID- 1199744
TI  - Investigations on erythropoiesis in newborn rats. Dependence of erythropoiesis in
      newborn rats on the intensity of the haemopoietic processes in the lactating
      mothers.
AB  - The intensity of haemopoietic processes was investigated in 7, 9, 11, 14 and 19
      day-old suckling rats in relation to the intensity of these processes in their
      mothers. The rate of the haemopoietic processes in newborn rats was determined on
      the basis of 59Fe incorporation into the blood and haemopoietic organs. The
      activity of the erythropoietic system in lactating rat females was stimulated by
      haemorrhage and inhibited by erythrocyte transfusion. Anaemization of lactating
      rats by haemorrhage did not stimulate erythropoiesis in the suckling rats.
      Posttransfusion polycythaemia in the lactating mothers inhibited erythropoiesis
      in the suckling rats beginning with the 9th day of life. This phenomenon became
      more pronounced with the age of the rats.

PMID- 1199745
TI  - The influence of muscular contractions on acetylcholine effects on nutritive
      blood flow in the hindpaw of dog.
AB  - In the earlier investigations it was shown that muscular exercise augmented the
      dilator effects of ACh in the vascular bed of the hind leg of dog. To get a
      closer insight into this phenonenon the effects of acetylcholine on the nutritive
      blood flow in contracting skeletal muscle in the dog were studied. It was found
      that i.a. acetylcholine administration raises the nutritive blood flow in the
      investigated vascular bed within about 30--36 minutes after muscular
      contractions. The nutritive blood flow during and following muscular contractions
      induced by stimuli of varying frequency was also investigated.

PMID- 1199746
TI  - The effects on stretching and prostaglandin F2alpha on the contractile and
      bioelectric activity of the uterus in rat.
AB  - The effects of stretching and of prostaglandin F2alpha on spontaneous and induced
      with local deformation contractile activity of rat uterus were studied. It was
      found that stretching the uterus up to the length of the decontracted organ in
      vivo increased the contractile and bioelectric activity. The rise in spontaneous
      uterine activity was a factor reducing induction of additional contractions. The
      fall in the level of endogenous prostaglandins in the uterus following
      administration of indomethacin inhibited the spontaneous contractile activity but
      was without effect on the contractions induced by local deformation of the
      myometrium. Prostaglandin F2alpha added to the bath in a concentration of 0.001
      ng/ml exerted an inhibitory action on the different tested parameters of the
      contractile activity. After high doses stimulation of the uterine activity was
      observed.

PMID- 1199747
TI  - The effects of indoleamines (serotonin and melatonin) on induction of ovulation
      in rabbits.
AB  - Serotonin as well as melatonin introduced into the 3-rd cerebral ventricle in
      doses of 120 mug blocked induction of ovulation in rabbits; it was also observed
      that the ovulation-blocking effect of serotonin was much more effective than that
      of melatonin. The inhibitory effect of both indolamines on this process was more
      evident in summer than in spring. The role of serotonin and melatonin as
      mediators blocking the release of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormones
      (GRH) and the participation of these amines in the regulation of seasonal sexual
      rhythms are discussed.

PMID- 1199748
TI  - Red cell and total blood volumes during sexual excitement and copulation in the
      boar.
AB  - Measurements of hematocrit, total plasma protein and red cell volume were made
      during sexual excitement and copulation in boars. Red cell volume (RCV) was
      determined by isotope dilution technique using endogenous 51Cr-tagged red cells.
      Basing on these data changes in the total blood volume (TBV) and plasma volume
      (PV) were calculated by 2 indirect methods. RCV increased by 12% to 16% in the
      intial phase of ejaculation and remained increased during ejaculation and 40
      minutes after copulation. TBV and PV decreased during copulation, greatest drop
      being found in the final phase of ejaculation. After ejaculation the TBV was
      increasing, first to the resting value before copulation (about 20 minutes after
      copulation), thereafter it became markedly higher than during the resting period.
      Depending on the method used for calculation significant differences were found
      in the quantity of TBV and PV drop during ejaculation.

PMID- 1199749
TI  - The effect of stable strontium on the incorporation and metabolism of radioactive
      strontium in young and adult rabbit bones.
AB  - The experiments were performed on 5-, 8-, 12- and 14 months old rabbits. The
      effect of stable strontium enriched diet on the bone tissue formation
      (apposition) and on physiocochemical processes consisting in ion exchange were
      studied using radioactive isotopes: Sr-85 and Ra-226 and tetracycline. The
      results of kinetic and autoradiographic studies and micoscopical analysis of bone
      preparations suggest that stable strontium inhibits the mineralization of newly
      formed bone tissue without affecting the physico-chemical processes related to
      ion exchange.

PMID- 1199750
TI  - The effect of hypertonic urea solution on Na+ and K+ transport through the smooth
      muscle membrane.
AB  - The aim of this work was to examine the effect of a hypertonic solution (Krebs
      solution + 290 mM urea) on K+ and Na+ transport. The experiments were carried out
      on the guinea-pig taenia coli preparations using the method of Na-24 and K-24
      loading and washout. The efflux curves were analysed by means of the digital
      computer technique. The following parameters were determined: efflux rate
      constant k2, influx rate constant k1, intracellular ion concentration C1 ion flux
      M and permeability P. Any significant difference between PNa/PK ratio in
      hypertonic urea and isotonic Krebs solutions was found.

PMID- 1199751
TI  - Relationship between the changes in the concentration of endoxan and the activity
      of kininforming enzymes within the Guerin tumor in rat.
AB  - The activity of rat kininforming system and endoxan level in certain organs and
      in the neoplastic tissue was studied. It was found that trypsin increases
      markedly the kininforming activity and endoxan level in the Guerin tumor, and
      slightly in the liver. A direct correlation between the level of endoxan when
      given with trypsin and the kinin activity were observed. The authors suppose that
      the selective accumulation of endoxan in the tumor depends on the trypsin --
      induced activation of kininforming system within the neoplastic tissue.

PMID- 1199752
TI  - [Synthesis of quinuclidinoyl derivatives of aminopiperidine,
      aminotetrahydroquinoline and aminotetrahydroisoquinoline].

PMID- 1199753
TI  - [Synthesis of new 7-, 8- and 9-membered heterocyclic compounds with oxygen and
      nitrogen as heteroatoms. I. Synthesis of new derivatives of hexahydro-1,4,5
      oxadiazepine].

PMID- 1199755
TI  - [Synthesis of pyridazines. III. Preparation of some 3-alkoxy-6
      cyclohexyloxypyridazines].

PMID- 1199754
TI  - [Synthesis of hexahydrodiazepine-1,4 with potential pharmacological activity.
      III. Synthesis of hexahydrodiazepine-1,4 derivatives containing amide groups with
      potential pharmacological activity].

PMID- 1199756
TI  - [Sulfonamides. IV. Sulfonamide derivatives of 1-(chlorophenyl)-and 1
      (dichlorophenyl)-3-methylpyrazolone 5].

PMID- 1199757
TI  - [Studies of indole derivatives. IV. Synthesis of 5-indolyloxyacetic acids].

PMID- 1199759
TI  - [Assays of drug decomposition products. XXXI. Methods for evaluation of stability
      of ethyl p-chlorophenoxydimethylacetate].

PMID- 1199758
TI  - [Properties of Rhizopus sp. cultures in the transformation of steroid compounds.
      II. 11-alpha hydroxylation of delta 4-3 ketosteroids of the pregnane and
      androstane group].

PMID- 1199760
TI  - [Drug decomposition kinetics. XXXIII. Photolysis of pyrazol-5 derivatives in the
      solid phase].

PMID- 1199761
TI  - [A study of cyclobarbital decomposition].

PMID- 1199762
TI  - [Preparation, properties and analytical use of chlorpromazine and thioridazine
      tetraiodoplumbites].

PMID- 1199763
TI  - [Determination of bis-(4-methylpyridyl)-amine by means of reaction with Reinecke
      salt].

PMID- 1199764
TI  - [Use of lead picrate in assaying drugs in some analgetic and antipyretic
      preparations].

PMID- 1199765
TI  - [Studies on the use of disalicylaldehydoethylenediamine in the determination of
      iron].

PMID- 1199766
TI  - [Studies on the determination of tryptophan in pharmaceuticals. An evaluation].

PMID- 1199767
TI  - [Use of silica gel chromatography in vitamin D assays in Vitastol].

PMID- 1199768
TI  - [Flavonoids of the herb Ageratum Mexicanum Sims. (Compositae)].

PMID- 1199769
TI  - [Determination of calcium pangamaniate in Calgam].

PMID- 1199770
TI  - Therapeutic attempts with lithium in young drug addicts.
AB  - On the hypothesis that drug addiction may be due to "masked depression", lithium
      was administered to 20 opiate addicts. Only nine patients took the lithium
      carbonate tablets for more than a few weeks; during this period they seemed to
      abstain from taking opiates. After 1 year, all the patients were off lithium and
      most of them again took opiates. Due to lack of cooperation on the part of the
      patients, the observations can neither confirm nor refute our hypothesis. The
      study shows that psychological and socio-environmental factors make trials on
      drug treatment of opiate addicts almost impossible to carry out.

PMID- 1199771
TI  - Marital status and schizophrenia.
AB  - The finding that married persons are more likely to be hospitalized
      schizophrenics is reviewed. Three interpretations of the finding are discussed:
      causation, selection, and differential utilization. A strategy to separate the
      three hypotheses is presented which uses data on rates of admission and duration
      of hospitalization and which concentrates on the widowed category. Data from the
      Maryland Psychiatric Case Register are used to test the hypotheses. Evidence of
      selection and differential utilization is found, but none in favor of the
      causation hypothesis. It is shown that selection operates less powerfully in
      rural areas.

PMID- 1199772
TI  - Changes of associative performance in hospitalized schizophrenics: a 16-year
      follow-up.
AB  - After a mean test-retest interval of 16.6 years a sample of 72 initially
      acute/subacute as well as chronic schizophrenic patients showed a significant
      normalisation of performance with respect to associative commonality,
      idiosyncratic responses, and response latency. The findings are attributed
      chiefly to effects of psychotropic drugs and improved psychiatric treatment.

PMID- 1199773
TI  - The psychopathology of anancastic endogenous depression.
AB  - From a sample of 1,005 patients admitted to the Psychiatric Hospital in Aarhus
      for the first time during the period 1950-1959 and diagnosed as suffering from
      manic-depressive psychosis or endogenous depression (affective psychoses), a
      subsample of 104 manic-depressive patients with anancastic symptoms in the
      history was selected. The 104 probands were individually matched with 104 non
      anancastic probands with affective psychoses. The study was designed as a follow
      up study, and the patients who were still living were seen personally. In the
      search for factors which could be used to distinguish affective psychoses with
      anancastic symptoms from affective psychoses without these traits, the incidence
      of a number of psychopathological features was evaluated based on the case
      histories and the information given by the patients at the follow-up. There was
      no difference as far as atypical, schizophrenia-like symptoms were concerned
      between the anancastic probands and the controls. Manic and hypomanic features
      were more frequent among the controls, corresponding to a greater number of
      bipolar psychoses among them. At the same time, the controls showed a significant
      preponderance of decidedly psychotic symptoms such as disturbances of
      consciousness, delusions and delusion-like ideas and hallucinations. Furthermore,
      retardation was more frequent among the controls. There was no difference in the
      suicidal behaviour of the two groups. Symptoms which were more often met among
      the anancastic depressives were: anxiety, agitation, diurnal variation of mood
      and early awakening. Seasonal variation in symptomatology was also more frequent
      among the anancastic probands. The same held true for depersonalization. The
      anancastic probands showed a significant preponderance of anancastic premorbid
      personality features. A positive correlation was found between the number of
      anancastic personality features and the following symptoms: agitation, anxiety,
      diurnal fluctuation, seasonal variation, hypochondriacal attitude and
      depersonalization. On the other hand, objective retardation or flight of ideas
      showed a significant negative correlation. The pattern of the anancastic symptoms
      was rather uniform; aggressive obsessions, mostly in the form of suicidal and
      homicidal obsessions, were present in more than two thirds of the cases. The
      anancastic depressions were often less severe than non-anancastic depressions in
      that the latter were more often complicated by decidedly psychotic symptoms. It
      is possible to interpret the symptomatology of anancastic depressions as a
      pathoplastic influence of the anancastic personality, but it cannot be excluded
      that some of the symptoms like anxiety and agitation are linked to the presence
      of anancastic symptoms as such.

PMID- 1199774
TI  - Bisensory order judgement and the prior entry hypothesis.

PMID- 1199775
TI  - The use of contact lenses for the lateralisation of visual input in man.

PMID- 1199776
TI  - Lateral differences in tachistoscopic recognition of bilaterally presented verbal
      material.

PMID- 1199777
TI  - Some temporal factors in the successive comparison of auditory amplitudes.

PMID- 1199778
TI  - Processing capacity requirements of stimulus encoding.

PMID- 1199779
TI  - The effect of irrelevant spatial correspondences on two-choice response-time.

PMID- 1199780
TI  - A new visual illusion: neonlike color spreading and complementary color induction
      between subjective contours.

PMID- 1199781
TI  - Myelography with the non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium metrizamide.
AB  - Technical problems in myelography with the water-soluble contrast medium,
      metrizamide are analysed and a technique used for examination of the entire
      spinal subarachnoid space is described. The choice of gas or water-soluble
      contrast medium for myelography is also discussed.

PMID- 1199782
TI  - Multidirectional tomography in reconstructive middle ear surgery.
AB  - The tomographic demonstration of essential structural details before
      reconstructive middle ear surgery with osseous auto- and homografts is described,
      and the preoperative information requirements are briefly discussed. The
      tomographic appearance of the different types of reconstruction is presented. The
      halfaxial and true lateral projections are to be preferred, if necessary
      complemented by the axial-pyramidal projection. Tomography may disclose obvious
      morphologic causes of absence of postoperative hearing improvement or secondary
      hearing impairment.

PMID- 1199783
TI  - Side effects after lumbar myelography with dimeglumine iocarmate (Dimer-X).
      Further experiences.
AB  - Lumbar myelography with dimeglumine iocarmate was performed in 90 cases
      premedicated with diazepam (Valium). EEG was performed before, as well as 3 and
      24 hours after myelography. The use of diazepam interfered to some extent with
      the interpretation of the EEG. In 3 cases EEG abnormalities occurred 3 hours
      after myelography, most probably ascribable to Dimer-X. No further changes were
      found in the 24-hour recording. Immediate side effects were few and mild and
      seizures did not appear. The EEG abnormalities were equally distributed among
      patients with and without side effects.

PMID- 1199784
TI  - Psoriatic lesion of the sternal synchondrosis.
AB  - Radiography of the synchondrosis between the manubrium and the sternal body was
      performed in 29 patients with clinically certain psoriatic arthropathy.
      Tomography proved necessary for a detailed analysis. Erosive inflammatory lesions
      were detected in 18 cases; in 61 per cent of cases with a history of more than 5
      years and in 71 per cent of cases with typical hand and feet arthropathy. It is
      concluded that the sternum is frequently involved in cases with
      roentgenologically typical psoriatic arthropathy.

PMID- 1199785
TI  - Angiography in epidemic nephropathy.
AB  - Nephroangiography has been performed in 35 patients with epidemic nephropathy
      during the course of the renal lesion phase. In addition to enlarged kidney with
      thickened cortex, generalized renal vasodilatation was demonstrated in the
      majority of the cases, frequently combined with rapid circulation. Thus, contrary
      to previous assumptions, acute oliguric renal insufficiency may also occur in
      cases with peripheral renal vasodilatation. The angiographic appearance of
      epidemic nephropathy was characteristic and most evident in the oliguric and
      anuric phases. Nephroangiography in acute oliguric renal failure may thus be of
      value for the differential diagnosis and thereby influence the clinical
      management of the patient.

PMID- 1199786
TI  - Circulatory disturbances following missile wounding of soft tissue.
AB  - The early circulatory changes following high velocity missile wounding to soft
      tissue of an extremity were analysed by hemodynamic methods and serial
      angiography. The extent of the tissue injury and the functional disturbances were
      mapped out and the time-course of the alterations in blood flow was registered.
      Possible mechanisms for the observed abnormalities are discussed.

PMID- 1199787
TI  - Perception of simulated lesions in the lung.
AB  - The detectability of phi 20 mm, disk-shaped objects on a normal chest film was
      investigated at viewing distances of 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 m. Objects with a tapered
      border were found to be best perceived at longer distances. The photpgraphic
      density difference between object and background yielding a 50% detection
      probability was found to increase from 0.025 to 0.060 when the outer gradient
      zone of the object increased from 0.8 to 4.0 mm.

PMID- 1199788
TI  - Relative flow measured by roentgen videodensitometry in hydrodynamic model.
AB  - The behaviour of injected iodine contrast medium in a pulsative hydrodynamic
      model was recorded on videotape in television fluoroscopy and measured by
      roentgen videodensitometry. By a simple relationship between the integrated
      densitometric area, the amount of injected contrast medium, and the flow at the
      site of the injection, it was possible to compare the flow in two different cross
      sections of the circulatory system with high accuracy.

PMID- 1199789
TI  - Influence of secondary radiation on image quality.
AB  - On the basis of observations concerning non-screen films and xerox plates a
      theory is proposed as to how the image quality is impaired by secondary
      radiation. The theory includes an explanation of why xerox plates and industrial
      roentgen films of a high silver content are less affected by secondary radiation
      than conventional roentgen films.

PMID- 1199790
TI  - Layer formation in narrow beam rotation radiography.
AB  - The layer formation in rotation narrow beam radiography is analysed
      mathematically. It is shown that the blurring, and consequently the layer
      formation, is due primarily to the width of the beam; no blurring and no layer
      formation occur if the beam is of negligible width. The blurring is significantly
      affected by the magnification factor in the specific central projection typical
      of narrow beam rotation methods, where the rotation centre serves as an imaginary
      focus.

PMID- 1199791
TI  - Injection device for pharmaco-angiography.
AB  - A device for injections of vasoactive agents at angiography connected with an
      injector for contrast medium and a film changer is described. It enables the
      examination to be performed according to predetermined data with a high degree of
      reproducibility. It lends itself particularly to experimental investigations of
      pharmacologic effects within various vascular areas.

PMID- 1199792
TI  - [Influence of chromatic light sources on visualization of details on an
      achromatic x-ray picture].

PMID- 1199793
TI  - Cortisol secretion rate (clinical experience in determination using a short
      method).

PMID- 1199794
TI  - Sodium and calcium urinary excretion in normal and hypertensive patients.

PMID- 1199795
TI  - [Determination of the gestational age in the 1st trimester of pregnancy by
      ultrasonic measurement of the echo of embryo].

PMID- 1199796
TI  - [Trisomy 8 as a defined clinical entity].

PMID- 1199797
TI  - [Clinical value of the serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase (SOCT) in the
      diagnosis of liver and biliary tract diseases].

PMID- 1199798
TI  - [Correlation of the amino acid status and other laboratory tests in liver and
      biliary tract diseases].

PMID- 1199799
TI  - Role of the noradrenergic and the dopaminergic receptors in the mechanism of the
      avoidance reflex in rats.

PMID- 1199800
TI  - Influence of calcitonin on activity of selected enzymes in plasma of rats with
      experimental uremia.

PMID- 1199801
TI  - Disturbances of lipid composition of erythrocytes in patients with chronic renal
      insufficiency.

PMID- 1199802
TI  - Electron microscopic studies on the erythron in some acquired hemolytic
      syndromes.

PMID- 1199803
TI  - Studies on peripheral leucocyte metabolism in hypothyroid children.

PMID- 1199804
TI  - The floating histogram--a new method of evaluating intracranial pressure.

PMID- 1199805
TI  - Influence of ethyl alcohol on serum lipid concentrations in healthy persons.

PMID- 1199806
TI  - Acid-base balance in the blood of healthy adults. Investigations in a population
      sample from the city of Cracow and its environs.

PMID- 1199807
TI  - Editorial: Fetal antigens in human tumors.

PMID- 1199808
TI  - Treatment of sinoatrial syndrome with permanent cardiac pacing in 90 patients.
AB  - Out of a pacemaker population of 392 patients, 90 (23%) have been found to have
      sinoatrial syndrome. Their ages ranged from 22 to 86 years, and averaged 66 for
      men and 70 for women. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.6. Before pacemaker
      implantation, syncopal attacks had occurred in 54%, dizziness without syncope in
      31% and tachyarrhythmias in 57%. Atrial or paroxysmal supraventricular
      tachycardia had been recorded in 33%, atrial fibrillation or flutter in 28%, and
      ventricular tachycardia in 11%. First and/or second degree AV block was found in
      36%. Coronary heart disease was present in 61% and 20% had had myocardial
      infarction. Cardiomyopathy and previous carditis were other associated heart
      diseases. Sinoatrial syndrome was the only manifestation of heart disease in 20%.
      Follow-up time after pacemaker implantation ranged from 3 months to 7 years, mean
      23 months. Syncopal attacks were stopped in 48 of 49 patients, dizziness was
      relieved in all 28 patients and tachyarrhythmias were controlled by combined drug
      treatment in 43 of 51 patients. Nineteen patients died during the follow-up, most
      of them of cerebrovascular events or myocardial infarction. Associated coronary
      heart disease was especially frequent in this group. The death of one patient was
      caused by a run-away pacemaker. Other pacing failures were due to electrode
      movement or premature battery exhaustion. There was no mortality associated with
      pacemaker implantations or replacements. These results strongly support the view
      that pacemaker treatment most effectively controls symptoms of sinoatrial
      syndrome when drug treatment fails.

PMID- 1199809
TI  - Creatine phosphokinase following cardioversion.
AB  - Serial estimations of total serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) have been
      performed before and during 18-51 hours after cardioversion of supraventricular
      tachyarrhythmias in 12 patients without acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The
      maximal CPK rise was 78 mU/ml (110%) and the CPK did not exceed the upper normal
      limit (130 mU/ml) in more than two patients (149 respectively 156 mU/ml). The CPK
      rise we have observed in a series of AMI patients varied between 101 (133%) and 2
      260 mU/ml (3 780%), mean 900 mU/ml (1 184%). Therefore, cardioversion performed
      as described seldom seems to interfere with diagnosing AMI by serial estimations
      of serum CPK during the next 24 hours.

PMID- 1199810
TI  - Deaths and non-fatal reinfarctions during two years' follow-up after myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Since 1968 special units for registering and following up all myocardial
      infarction patients have been in operation in Goteborg. The present paper reports
      on the deaths and non-fatal reinfarctions among 440 men and women below 67 years
      of age followed for two years after hospitalization for myocardial infarction. Of
      the 359 men, 299 had their first infarction and 60 a recurrent infarction. During
      two years 13% of men with a first infarction, and 37% of men with a recurrent
      infarction died. Deaths were significantly more common during the first than
      during the second year. There was no significant difference in mortality between
      men and women. The incidence of non-fatal reinfarctions was of similar magnitude
      and showed similar time relationships. Two thirds of the deaths were sudden
      (within 24 hours after onset of new symptoms) and half of the deaths occurred
      outside hospital. The autopsy rate was 92%. Two thirds of the deaths were caused
      by a fresh morphological infarct. In one fourth of the deaths where no cause was
      found at autopsy, death was ascribed to malignant arrhythmias. Heart weights were
      higher among patients dying after recurrent infarction at entry to the study. No
      distinctive pattern was found when autopsy findings were correlated to the
      interval between the onset of symptoms and death. Deaths due to fresh infarction
      and without an identifiable cause were more common among those who died within 24
      hours of onset of symptoms compared to those dying after longer intervals.

PMID- 1199811
TI  - Diazoxide in the management of severe hypertension.
AB  - Fourteen patients with severe hypertension have been given i.v. diazoxide in a
      dosage of 5 mg/kg b.wt. The material comprised 2 patients with malignant
      nephrosclerosis, 4 with chronic nephropathy and severe reduction of renal
      function, 1 patient with chronic pyelonephritis, 1 with renovascular hypertension
      and 6 patients with essential hypertension and in malignant phase. All patients
      attained a controllable blood pressure. Eight patients remaining needed only one
      injection, while the remaining patients required 2-5 injections, and concomitant
      furosemide therapy. The retinopathy improved in most patients and renal function
      was unchanged in the azotemic patients. No serious adverse effects were seen,
      except one hypotensive episode. Diazoxide is easy to handle, dosage can be
      predetermined, monitoring is simple and we find diazoxide to be a valuable drug
      in severe hypertension.

PMID- 1199812
TI  - Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in patients with essential
      hypertension before and after treatment with alprenolol.
AB  - In 25 patients with essential hypertension, the renal plasma flow RPF),
      glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and BP have been measured before and after one
      month's treatment with alprenolol. The patients were divided into two groups
      according to age. Group 1 consisted of 10 patients with mild hypertension under
      35 years of age, group 2 of 15 patients over the age of 35 with moderate
      hypertension. A markedly greater lowering of BP was measured in group 1 than in
      group 2. There were no changes in RPF or GFR after alprenolol treatment and no
      differences in these parameters were observed between the two groups either
      before or after treatment. Group 1 displayed significantly lower renal vascular
      resistance (RVR) than group 2 both before and after treatment, and alprenolol
      treatment resulted in a slight reduction of RVR in group 1, but not in group 2.
      The difference between the two groups with respect to the antihypertensive effect
      of alprenolol and the RVR may possibly be due to the fact that the patients in
      group 2 had more pronounced structural vascular alterations than those in group
      1.

PMID- 1199813
TI  - Catecholamines in plasma and urine in patients with essential hypertension
      determined by double-isotope derivative techniques.
AB  - Employing double-isotope derivative techniques, noradrenaline and adrenaline have
      been determined in plasma and in urine and dopamine in urine in 21 patients with
      essential hypertension as well as in 32 controls. Plasma noradrenaline rose with
      age in both groups of subjects. No differences were observed in plasma
      noradrenaline and plasma adrenaline in the resting supine position and in urinary
      excretion of noradrenaline and dopamine in hypertensive patients as compared to
      control subjects. Urinary excretion of adrenaline was somewhat lower in the
      hypertensives than in the controls. Treatment with alprenolol, a beta-adrenergic
      blocking agent, did not influence noradrenaline and adrenaline in plasma in the
      basal state or the urinary excretion of the three catecholamines. The combined
      treatment with alprenolol and hydralazine was followed by a significant rise in
      plasma noradrenaline. It is concluded that the adrenergic activity evaluated by
      circulating catecholamines is normal in most patients with essential
      hypertension.

PMID- 1199814
TI  - Effect of alprenolol and hydralazine on plasma renin concentration in patients
      with arterial hypertension.
AB  - The effect of alprenolol alone and in combination with hydralazine on plasma
      renin concentration has been studied in 25 patients with arterial hypertension.
      Alprenolol caused a significant fall in plasma renin concentration and in BP but
      the two falls were not intercorrelated. Addition of hydralazine to the treatment
      regimen produced a further reduction of BP. Changes in plasma renin concentration
      varied greatly during combination therapy. A modest, non-significant increase in
      plasma renin concentration was measured compared with the level after treatment
      with alprenolol. It is concluded that mechanisms other than suppression of plasma
      renin concentration are important for the reduction of BP during beta-adrenergic
      blockade and that the plasma renin concentration probably has no clinical
      significance with regard to forecasting the antihypertensive effect of
      alprenolol. Even though a significant correlation was found between the fall in
      plasma renin concentration and the fall in diastolic BP during combination
      therapy, it is uncertain whether changes in the renin-angiotensin system are of
      primary importance for BP regulation during this therapy.

PMID- 1199815
TI  - A 3-year follow-up of middle-aged men with borderline blood pressure.
AB  - Ninety-eight middle-aged men with untreated borderline raised blood pressure (BP)
      have been reexamined after three years. Twenty-five subjects were considered to
      be hypertensive, motivating a shorter interval for rescreening. Systolic BP had
      decreased in 23%, diastolic BP in 46% and both pressures in 15%. Those who
      developed hypertension had higher systolic BP at the initial examination. A
      family history of hypertension was more common in this group.

PMID- 1199816
TI  - Intestinal decarboxylation of orally administered L-dopa. Influence of
      pharmacological preparations, dose magnitude, dose sequence and food intake.
AB  - The intestinal decarboxylation and the absorption of orally administered L-dopa
      have been studied in 20 parkinsonian patients in different conditions. The
      decarboxylation generally amounted to 50-70% of the dose given, i.e. only 30-50%
      of orally administered L-dopa reached the general circulation. The shape of the
      plasma concentration curve varied individually and with the resolvation time of
      the type of pharmacological preparation given. No obvious difference in the
      degree of intestinal decarboxylation was observed when tablets with different
      resolvation times were given but the net absorption of L-dopa was somewhat
      greater when it was given as a solution. The decarboxylation in the intestinal
      organs was found to be rather constant at different times of the day. Isocaloric
      meals, whether rich in protein or carbohydrate, caused a delay in absorption of L
      dopa, but did not change the degree of decarboxylation. Diurnal variations in the
      clinical response to L-dopa, could, thus, not be related to diurnal variations in
      the decarboxylation in the intestinal organs. The delay in L-dopa absorption
      after meals may be misinterpreted as lack of response. At dosage with short
      intervals, the delay may cause an additive effect of two doses.

PMID- 1199817
TI  - Letter: Preventive medicine and the old age.

PMID- 1199818
TI  - [Editorial: Investigation--investigators].

PMID- 1199819
TI  - [Malignant lymphogranuloma with specific cutaneous elements. 2 cases].

PMID- 1199821
TI  - [Iatrogenic incidence in the practice of dermatology].

PMID- 1199820
TI  - [Treatment of senile keratoma. Topical procedure by means of applying 5-Fu.
      Ointement].

PMID- 1199822
TI  - [Trichophyton erythema nodosum].

PMID- 1199823
TI  - [Statistical data of skin cancer in Zaragoza].

PMID- 1199824
TI  - [Results of the treatment of syphilis with penicillin].

PMID- 1199825
TI  - [4-5-8 trimethylpsoralen in vitiligo. Controlled study of its therapeutic and
      toxic effect in children].

PMID- 1199826
TI  - The neurons of the first optic ganglion of the bee (Apis mellifera).

PMID- 1199827
TI  - [The morphology of the fungiform papillae of some rodents].

PMID- 1199828
TI  - [Lysosomes of the intestinal epithelium. An embryological investigation].

PMID- 1199829
TI  - [The development of the organ of Corti in the guinea pig].

PMID- 1199831
TI  - Moral growth during adolescence.

PMID- 1199830
TI  - The contribution of natural support systems to primary prevention among four
      social subgroups of adolescent males.

PMID- 1199832
TI  - A study of peer and adult influence on moral beliefs of adolescents.

PMID- 1199833
TI  - Training of white adolescents to accurately simulate black adolescent
      personality.

PMID- 1199834
TI  - An adolescent suicide, the mass media and the educator.

PMID- 1199835
TI  - Fundamental values, the work ethic, and spirituality are basic for the
      therapeutic program at Anneewakee.

PMID- 1199836
TI  - PACE: a residential, community oriented behavior modification program for
      adolescents.

PMID- 1199837
TI  - Middle school curriculum change: an action-oriented cooperative drug education
      pilot project.

PMID- 1199838
TI  - Adolescent-adult interaction and peer-group involvement.
AB  - The principle purpose of this paper has been to assess the importance of the
      quality of adolescent-adult interaction in explaining differentials in adolescent
      peer-group involvement. The analysis indicated that quality of adolescent-adult
      interaction is inversely related to peer-group involvement and that the
      relationship is statistically significant beyond the .001 level. This holds true
      for each dimension of peer-group involvement included in the analysis. Thus, the
      analysis supports the hypothesis.

PMID- 1199839
TI  - Patient inquiry into mental hospitalization: a quantitative analysis.
AB  - In this section we have assembled a small collection of data concerned with the
      issue of whether or not adolescents would profit from reflective inquiry into the
      closed area of mental health care. We have analyzed, arranged and interpreted the
      data from our study and conclude it demonstrates that adolescent inpatients did
      profit substantially from a reflective inquiry into mental health care. The
      number of subjects involved in this experimental program was small. The subjects
      of the experimental program were not selected randomly. Moreover, the researcher
      could not control for a number of intervening variables. For this particular
      group the intervening variables were many: changes in the subjects' individual
      treatment program, level of tranquilizing medication, attitude of other staff
      toward the experimental program, relations with parents or relatives, et cetera.
      This list covers some of the more important weaknesses of the experimental
      design. In the account of the experiment we reported the influence of other
      significant intervening variables as they emerged during the course of the study.
      Even with these important limitations the total push of the results in the
      direction of our argument compels us to conclude that it is clearly profitable
      for adolescent inpatients to reflectively inquire into the closed area of mental
      health care. Although the data reported here are not of predictive value, we
      believe they indicate the importance of having adolescent inpatients reflectively
      examine their social situation.

PMID- 1199840
TI  - Male and female adolescent achievement and maternal employment.

PMID- 1199841
TI  - Issues involved in the treatment of an adolescent group.
AB  - At first we had a lot of information about what to expect from an adolescent
      group. But we quickly found an enormous gap between our information and the
      actual experience and gut feelings. It is important to anticipate many
      overwhelming feelings! It is also crucial for therapists to be open and honest
      with themselves and each other about their counter-transferences. Second, we
      discovered that it is not hopeless! However, it is essential to provide structure
      via firm, consistent limits and goals. Adolescents need to feel protected by
      therapists who can manage the group's turbulence. Third, creative techniques
      frequently provide ways of dealing with feelings. Four, a treatment group cannot
      survive with too many acters-out; one or two may add spice and give permission to
      others to recognize and express feelings. Also, despite the often chaotic
      atmosphere, serious treatment takes place. It has been helpful to have Mrs.
      Friedman as our supervisor. At critical points, when we were overwhelmed, she
      helped with her objectivity and support, offering a clearer vision of actual
      treatment issues when feelings were high. At times when we felt depleted, Mrs.
      Friedman's support replenished us and we were able to return to the group with
      enthusiasm. In conclusion, it has been fun working as co-therapists. We have
      found that the sharing and mutual confrontation contributed significantly to our
      professional growth.

PMID- 1199842
TI  - Group influences on the decisions of selected secondary school students.

PMID- 1199843
TI  - Adolescence and the crisis of dying.

PMID- 1199845
TI  - The self and adolescent identity in women: options and implications.

PMID- 1199844
TI  - Attribution and achievement motivation differences between delinquent and non
      delinquent black adolescents.

PMID- 1199846
TI  - For blacks, chicanos, Puerto Ricans and other minorities--the language experience
      approach to learning.

PMID- 1199847
TI  - Parental control over adolescents according to family size.

PMID- 1199848
TI  - Eriksonian ego identity in adolescents.

PMID- 1199849
TI  - Abortion attitudes among Catholic college students.
AB  - The present study has explored the abortion attitudes of 200 students attending a
      midwestern liberal arts college affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church. The
      main findings were as follows: 1. Catholics in general tend to be more
      conservative in this area than Protestants. 2. There were no statistically
      significant differences between urban and rural residents and between single and
      engaged subjects. On the other hand, females, social science majors, and those
      having no plans for graduate studies were significantly more conservative than
      males, natural science majors, and those planning to do graduate work,
      respectively. 3. Abortion scores were correlated negatively and significantly
      with religious services attended, amount of Catholic education, and, to a limited
      extent, father's occupation, but nonsignificantly with age, number of siblings,
      birth order, college rank, parental education, and mother's occupation.

PMID- 1199850
TI  - Moral dilemmas of early adolescence.

PMID- 1199851
TI  - A short-term therapeutic camping program for emotionally disturbed adolescent
      boys.

PMID- 1199852
TI  - The threat of new ideas: a values clarification lesson.

PMID- 1199853
TI  - Cooperative relations between secondary teachers and students: some behavioral
      strategies.

PMID- 1199854
TI  - Adolescent orientations toward parents and peers: variations by sex, age, and
      socioeconomic status.

PMID- 1199855
TI  - An approach to families of acting-out adolescents--a case study.
AB  - Certain types of acting-out in the adolescent express the feelings of deprivation
      of the parental pair in a maladaptive aggressive way. Family therapists have
      attempted to convert the acting-out behavioral disorders into an effective state,
      i.e., make the family aware of their feelings of deprivation by focusing on the
      aggressive component. In many instances, the family becomes depressed and then
      interrupts or terminates treatment. The authors feel that this is due to the
      therapist's interpretations which bring about the depressive state via guilt
      provocation. The family understands the interpretations as meaning "You are bad
      to have your adolescent offspring behave in such a way". The therapist is thus
      seen as the family's collective super-ego. In order to prevent premature
      termination, the therapist should instead help the members of the family to
      become more conscious of their loving, "welfare" feelings for one another. In
      this way the self-esteem of the family is increased, which then permits more
      verbal action of aggressive feelings--thus a decrease in the acting-out, and
      ultimately an increase in the capacity to mourn. It should be pointed out,
      however, that in certain families, the technique described is not applicable. In
      these cases, although there is acting-out, the families are unable to draw on
      sufficient good experiences together which are necessary to elicit positive
      feeling for one another. The absence of readily available "welfare" feelings is
      of diagnostic and prognostic significance and differentiates the disorganized,
      sociopathic or schizophrenic family from the acting-out of parental deprivation
      as illustrated in this paper.

PMID- 1199856
TI  - Catholic scaled values according to the Allport, Vernon and Lindzey Study of
      Values in relation to the 1970 national high school norms: grades 10-12.
AB  - Utilizing the Allport, Vernon and Lindzey Scale of Values, six scale values:
      Theoretical, Economical, Aesthetic, Social Political and Religious were measured.
      The subjects were in grades 10-12 of seven Greater Cincinnati Catholic High
      Schools (N = 205) and one public high school (N = 43), tested as a potential
      control. The scores were compared to 1970 national norms (N = 12,616) with added
      intra-comparisons between male and female scores. It was shown that local
      Catholic subjects scored significantly higher than the national general norms on
      the Aesthetic and Social values and significantly lower on the Theoretical,
      Economic and Religious values. This pattern was identical for both the Catholic
      males and females. In addition, the local males scored significantly higher than
      the local females on the Theoretical value and significantly lower on the
      Aesthetic and Social values. And, the local public control high school scored
      significantly higher on the Aesthetic value and significantly lower on the
      Theoretical value.

PMID- 1199857
TI  - The vicissitudes of adolescent development and what it activates in adults.

PMID- 1199859
TI  - Sexual subcultures and contemporary heterosexual interaction patterns among
      adolescents.

PMID- 1199858
TI  - An Eriksonian cross-cultural study of adolescent development.

PMID- 1199860
TI  - Personal management of growth: productivity, decision-making, emotion, and social
      behavior in my senior year.
AB  - The writer used self-recording and charting of his own behavior as a way to
      observe and manage changes during his senior year at high school. The method used
      has implications for the application of behavior modification technology to self
      management, and to behaviors that occur inside an organism's skin. The results
      have implications for study of the Senior Slump", for college and career planning
      in high school, for clarifying interpersonal attitudes, and for keeping track of
      one's emotional well-being.

PMID- 1199861
TI  - A profile of juvenile street gang members.

PMID- 1199862
TI  - Sex-role development and parental expectations among disturbed adolescent males.
AB  - Seventeen pre-delinquent, 17 mixed psychiatric, and 17 normal adolescents and
      their parents were compared for the possession of certain personality traits
      traditionally classified as masculine or feminine. The parents were also compared
      in regard to the characteristics they expected their sons to possess. The main
      findings centered around three personality traits that differentiated the
      adolescents, and also between the expectations of both the mothers and fathers.
      In general, the parents of the normal adolescents expected their sons to be more
      achieving, dominating, and enduring than the parents of the other adolescents,
      which is consistent in regard to the personality traits that differentiated the
      adolescents from each other. The results suggest that the possession of certain
      traits, such as dominance and endurance, appear to be important for adequate
      functioning in adolescent males.

PMID- 1199863
TI  - Diet in the management of hyperlipidemic patients.

PMID- 1199864
TI  - The partial ileal bypass operation in treatment of the hyperlipidemias.
AB  - Partial ileal bypass is, today, the single most effective means available for
      lowering the plasma lipids, in particular the plasma cholesterol concentration.
      The cholesterol lowering effect of this procedure is universally lasting;
      response escape or rebound of lipid levels has not occurred. The operation is
      safe. In addition, the obligatory benefits of this mode of therapy make it
      attractive as a therapeutic alternative, especially in a young and asymptomatic
      population. We do not advocate this operation as the treatment of choice for all
      hyperlipidemic individuals. It may be the treatment of choice for certain
      patients with hyperlipidemia.

PMID- 1199865
TI  - The role of lipids in the tissue factor pathway of blood coagulation.

PMID- 1199866
TI  - Use of fibrinopeptide A measurements in the diagnosis and management of
      thrombosis.

PMID- 1199867
TI  - Modifications of platelet functions by dietary fats.

PMID- 1199868
TI  - Diabetes as a risk factor for arteriosclerotic vascular disease.

PMID- 1199869
TI  - Hypertension and other risk factors.

PMID- 1199870
TI  - Smoking and carbon monoxide uptake as a risk factor in atherosclerotic
      cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 1199871
TI  - Risk of coronary disease and coronary complications by neural and psychological
      factors.

PMID- 1199872
TI  - New animal model for atherosclerosis research.
AB  - Japanese quail were investigated for their utility as a model for the discovery
      and evaluation of anti-atherosclerosis compounds. Although they possessed
      suitable characteristics for a screening animal, their development of
      atherosclerosis was too variable to make them a practical model. A search was
      conducted to find a means to make quail uniformly atherosclerotic. To this end a
      line of quail susceptible to experimental atherosclerosis (SEA) were selectively
      bred. Thus, the SEA Japanese quail is a new animal model for atherosclerosis
      research.

PMID- 1199873
TI  - Effects of various hypolipidemic drugs on fatty acid composition of liver and
      serum lipids.
AB  - 1. Treatment of rats with hypolipidemic drugs elicited an increase in oleic and a
      decrease in linoleic acid content in cholesterol esters, triglycerides and
      phospholipids of serum and liver lipids. 2. The change was most pronounced in
      triglycerides followed by cholesterol esters and phospholipids. 3. The shift was
      dose-dependent, starting with doses eliciting hypolipidemic effects. 4. The shift
      became obvious immediately after beginning of treatment and reached after 4 days
      a new steady state. 5. This effect was shared by both drugs of aryloxy fatty acid
      structure, but was not seen with either L-thyroxine or nicotinic acid. 6. The
      mechanism underlying this phenomenon is thus far unknown, but in our view it
      merits further attention.

PMID- 1199874
TI  - Influence of platelets on the integrity of the vessel wall.

PMID- 1199875
TI  - Characteristics of cell-mediated immunity and memory in annelids.

PMID- 1199876
TI  - Anti-galactan precipitins in the hemolymph of Tridacna maxima and Limulus
      polyphemus.

PMID- 1199877
TI  - Protectins in Argentine mollusks: immunological and immunochemical aspects.
AB  - Protectins and agglutinins in several organs, fluids and spawn from Argentine
      terrestrial and fresh-water gastropod species were examined. Differences or
      analogies with vertebrate immunoglobulin serological behaviour are summarized.
      Individual or group variability and the evolutionary meaning of the reproductive
      system-linked and the Ca++ ion-linked protectins are discussed.

PMID- 1199878
TI  - Evolutionary divergence of immunoglobulin constant region genes.

PMID- 1199879
TI  - Evolution of conformational flexibility of immunoglobulin M.

PMID- 1199880
TI  - Relationship between structure and function of lower vertebrate immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1199881
TI  - Ultrastructure of hagfish blood leucocytes.

PMID- 1199882
TI  - Genetic control of immune responses in chickens.

PMID- 1199883
TI  - The genetics of chicken 7S immunoglobulin allotypes.

PMID- 1199884
TI  - Many questions (and almost no answers) about the phylogenetic origin of the major
      histocompatibility complex.

PMID- 1199885
TI  - Recognition factors of the crayfish and the generation of diversity.

PMID- 1199886
TI  - Preliminary studies of somatomedin in vitro and in vivo in rats.

PMID- 1199887
TI  - Somatomedin generation by perfused livers.

PMID- 1199888
TI  - Further observations on plasma somatomedin activity in children.

PMID- 1199889
TI  - Interaction of somatomedin and a peptide inhibitor in serum of hypophysectomized
      and starved, pituitary-intact rats.

PMID- 1199890
TI  - Purification procedures for NSILA-S.

PMID- 1199891
TI  - NSILA-S, physiologic and pharmacologic significance as an insulinlike hormone and
      as a growth-promoting hormone.

PMID- 1199892
TI  - Interaction of epidermal growth factor (EGF) with cultured fibroblasts.

PMID- 1199893
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of Somatomedin B.

PMID- 1199894
TI  - Metastaseous adenocarcinoma in the oviduct of a great tit (Parus major L.)
      preventing laying.
AB  - A female Great Tit was found to have an adenocarcinoma preventing the egg cells
      from reaching the ostium part of the oviduct. Metastases were found in the ovary,
      along the intestine, and in the pancreas, liver and kidney. The frequency of
      carcinomas among birds was discussed.

PMID- 1199895
TI  - [Origin of the coelomic cavities and the heart in the polypterids (Pisces)].
AB  - In polypterus the mesodermal cavities appear quite late during embryonic life.
      They are generally small and they only get somewhat more voluminous in the
      anterior mesomeres (where they establish the pronephrie chambers) and in the
      ventral anterior mesoderm (where they become an embryonic pericardial cavity).
      The anlage of the heart appears in the anterior part of the tissue that is
      situated between the paired mesodermal cavities of these stages. It assumes some
      unawaited dispositions that are truly confusing in the case of a superficial
      inspection. It is only during larval life that a coelomic cavity appears all
      along the truncal part of the mesoderm. In the beginning this is a pericardio
      peritoneal cavity. But because of the coalescence between several membranes an
      anterior cavity gets isolated and this one is the pericardial cavity of the adult
      specimens; this cavity is much more limited than its homonymic counterpart of the
      embryonic stages.

PMID- 1199896
TI  - [Development of the cloaca and its ulterior transformations in the polypterids
      (Pisces)].
AB  - Generally spoken cloacae have been but little studied. In Polypterus, a
      brachiopterygian fish, a cloaca only exists during parts of the embryonal and
      larval life and it gets replaced by structures consisting of an anus and an
      urinary sinus. In the beginning of embryonal life the posterior opening of the
      body seems to be nothing else than the original blastoporus. The wall of this
      opening acquires evaginations; the anlagen of the excretory ducts come in contact
      with them, establishing in that way a structure, that merits the name of cloaca.
      During the elongation of the post-vitellin body, the latter gets shifted from the
      level of metamere XII to that of metamere XXX. Another migration of the cloaca
      occurs when the digestive system acquires its development. Finally the cloaca may
      be found under the 47th and 48th muscular segments (at least in the species
      Polypterus senegalus senegalus Cuvier). During these stages the excretory ducts
      have build up an urinary sinus that gets separated from the gut. In adults no
      communication exists any more between the gut and the urinary sinus; the latter
      is a very destinct organ that may have an impair or pair aspect according to its
      being filled up. Because of the establishing of a communication with the genital
      ducts the sinus becomes an uro-genital sinus in the adult.

PMID- 1199897
TI  - [Metameric components of the occipital region of the polypterids (Pisces)].
AB  - Investigations into the development of the pronephros in Polypterus senegalus
      senegalus Cuvier have shown several details on the composition of the occipital
      region of this fish. It has been shown that the first six metotic metameres
      contribute to the structuring of the occipital region. These six metameres also
      are responsible for the existence of the pronephros. The epimeres of metamere I
      atrophies in the beginning of larval life. The muscular structures derived from
      the four following metameres become englobed in the occipital region. In the
      myoseptum between the previous metameres V and VI the post-occipital semi
      vertebra, a pecularity of Polypterus, arises. The first vertebra of the column
      arises between structures that are derived from the previous metameres VI and
      VII. Such statements have been possible by a close examination of the disposition
      of the pectoral fin nerves in several larval stages. Because these nerves have
      been labelled with different names in several studies, a comparison of these
      names has been necessary.

PMID- 1199898
TI  - Interrelationships between intellectual, perception, and motor measurements in
      trainable retardates.

PMID- 1199899
TI  - A therapeutic aquatics program for quadriplegia patients.

PMID- 1199900
TI  - Clinical training in corrective therapy as preparation for a professional center.

PMID- 1199901
TI  - Physical activity and the hemophiliac: yes or no?

PMID- 1199902
TI  - Challenge and response: 1975 conference keynote address.

PMID- 1199903
TI  - A starting point: Bowers' perceptual-motor survey.

PMID- 1199904
TI  - Managing the individual and family in crisis.
AB  - Thorough assessment of the crisis requires skilled use of interviewing
      techniques, such as facilitating the flow of verbalization, selective focusing,
      ventilation and catharsis. Family interviewing is especially challenging.
      Conveying interest and preserving neutrality are essential while deciphering
      relationships among family members. Treatment modalities include individual and
      family counseling, psychoactive drugs, environmental manipulation
      (hospitalization, vacation) and the use of community resources. Intervention at
      the appropriate time can break a vicious cycle of repetitive disorganization and
      crisis.

PMID- 1199905
TI  - Intolerance to aspirin.
AB  - The aspirin intolerance syndrome is characterized by rhinitis and/or sinusitis,
      nasal polyposis and asthma, with or without a history of adverse reactions,
      following aspirin ingestion. The frequency of this syndrome in a total population
      of patients with asthma and/or rhinitis has recently been estimated to be 2.4
      percent. Aspirin-intolerant individuals can tolerate sodium salicylate and
      acetaminophen but indomethacin, morphine, codeine and certain pharmaceutical dyes
      may cause adverse reactions. The mechanism of aspirin intolerance is as yet
      unclear but does not appear to be on an immunologic basis. Treatment includes
      strict avoidance of aspirin and symptomatic therapy of rhinitis and asthma.

PMID- 1199906
TI  - Kids vs. commercials.
AB  - A game show with fifth and sixth graders effectively demonstrated their ability
      to critically evaluate television commercials about health-related products.
      While the family physician is in a unique position to affect future drug
      utilization patterns of children by counseling parents, a more active role, such
      as this exercise in the evaluation of TV messages, may be even more effective.

PMID- 1199907
TI  - Athletic injuries: Heat vs. cold.
AB  - Cryotherapy is the treatment of choice in the management of acute athletic
      injuries. Ice is readily available and simple to apply. The rationale for its use
      is based on well-defined physiologic observations. The application of heat is not
      indicated in the immediate treatment of acute athletic injuries. If applied early
      and injudiciously, heat may adversely affect resolution of the trauma and prolong
      the rehabilitation of the athlete.

PMID- 1199908
TI  - Obstruction: The most distressing complication of esophageal carcinoma.

PMID- 1199909
TI  - Sympathetic block in herpes zoster.

PMID- 1199910
TI  - Practical therapeutics. Diarrhea and constipation.

PMID- 1199911
TI  - Radionuclides in common use.

PMID- 1199912
TI  - Letter: Prostate infections.

PMID- 1199913
TI  - Letter: Cross-sensitivity to cephalosporins.

PMID- 1199914
TI  - Letter: Breast reconstruction.

PMID- 1199915
TI  - Injuries of the talus.
AB  - Forced plantar flexion can result in tibiotalar dislocation, subtalar dislocation
      and total dislocation of the talus. Forced dorsal flexion can cause fracture of
      the neck of the talus, with or without subtalar dislocation, or dislocation of
      the body of the bone. Accurate diagnosis is important and sometimes difficult.
      Reduction must be prompt. Complications include osteomyelitis, malunion and
      avascular necrosis of the talar body. The last may be partial and
      revascularization can occur.

PMID- 1199916
TI  - Surgical management of severe mitral valve disease in childhood.

PMID- 1199917
TI  - Incidence of arrhythmias and ST-segment changes in elderly patients during barium
      enema studies.

PMID- 1199918
TI  - Twenty-four hour automatic monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate at work
      and at home.
AB  - It proved feasible and practical to automatically record indirect blood pressure
      at 15 minute intervals with a 4 pound portable device throughout a 24 hour period
      in five subjects at work and at home, awake and asleep. Of the subjects, two were
      apparently healthy and three had coronary artery disease, mild essential
      hypertension, and emphysema, respectively. Most striking was the hypotension
      accompanying sleep, which was greatest in the hypertensive subject and least in
      the subject with emphysema. Activity, while mainly walking, resulted in only
      modest changes in pressure. There was a tendency toward slight pressure rises
      associated with eating and modest tachycardia while driving a car. There was a
      tendency in all five subjects to exhibit somewhat higher pressures during the
      first 4 to 5 hours after awakening.

PMID- 1199919
TI  - Acute bacterial percarditis in children: report of 25 cases.
AB  - Twenty-five patients, aged 5 months to 14 years, with acute bacterial
      pericarditis are reported. Thirteen (52 per cent) of the patients died. The
      presenting symptoms, associated illness and physical findings, bacteriology, and
      response to therapy are reviewed. Optimum therapy consists of intravenous
      administration of specific antibiotics combined with surgical drainage; 90 per
      cent of our patients treated in this fashion survived. Antibiotic therapy alone
      is usually inadequate, especially in the presence of significant effusion, and
      among our patients only three of 10 patients so treated survived. One patient
      developed constrictive pericarditis 1 month after the initial attack with
      meningococcal pericarditis and required pericardectomy.

PMID- 1199920
TI  - Amplitude of the first heart sound at rest and during exercise in normal subjects
      and in patients with coronary heart disease.
AB  - The response of S1 amplitude to exercise stress was investigated in patients with
      coronary heart disease. Phonocardiograms were recorded at rest and during a
      multistage bicycle ergometer exercise test in a group of 22 patients with angina
      pectoris and documented coronary disease, and in a normal control group comprised
      of 32 men. A symmetrical bandpass filter with 100-Hz center frequency and a 12 db
      per octave slope was used. Mean S1 amplitude increased approximately linearly
      with heart rate from rest to maximal exercise through several levels of
      submaximal effort in both control groups. An increase in heart rate of 40 beats
      above resting levels resulted in a mean increase in S1 amplitude of 281 per cent
      in the control group. There was a significantly smaller (p less than 0.01) mean
      increase in the patient group, 195 per cent. In 5 patients the S1 amplitude
      during exercise at the load precipitating angina was lower than at the highest
      load that could be tolerated without pain. S1 amplitude is easily measured and
      may provide a clinically useful method for evaluation of left ventricular
      function and documentation of an abnormal left ventricular response to exercise
      stress.

PMID- 1199921
TI  - The effect of upright tilt on the volume of the failing human left ventricle.
AB  - The effect of a passive change from supine to 25-degree head-up tilted position
      on left ventricular volume was studied by echocardiography and other noninvasive
      techniques in 18 normal subjects, 6 patients with compensated LV volume
      overloading, and 12 patients with LV failure. In normal subjects and patients
      with compensated LV volume overloading, 10 minutes of head-up tilt resulted in a
      significant decrease in the echocardiographic LV internal dimension equivalent to
      a decrease in the calculated LV end-diastolic volume of 27 and 16 per cent,
      respectively. In contrast, no change in LV end-diastolic dimension and volume was
      noted during tilt in the patients with LV failure. The response of heart rate,
      blood pressure, and LV ejection fraction to this intervention was insignificant
      in all groups. These data indicate that volume preload is unresponsive to
      postural changes in patients with LV failure but not in normal subjects or in
      those with compensated LV volume overloading. It is suggested that the effect of
      posture on LV volume and output is primarily determined by the absence or
      presence of LV failure and the consequences of it on the peripheral circulation.

PMID- 1199922
TI  - The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: pharmacologic effects of procaine amide.
AB  - The effect of procaine amide, 10 mg. per kilogram via intravenous infusion, was
      studied in 13 patients with the WPW syndrome. The delta wave was eliminated by
      procaine amide in 10 and modified in three patients. This effect lasted between
      30 minutes and 8 1/2 hours and was unrelated to the total dose administered.
      Anterograde A-V conduction was assessed by atrial pacing with increasing rates.
      More rapid atrial pacing rates with 1:1 A-V conduction were observed in patients
      who maintained rather than lost their delta wave during pacing. Ventriculoatrial
      conduction was assessed with ventricular pacing at increasing rates; ventricular
      conduction time was fixed regardless on the pacing rate. Procaine amide
      significantly prolonged V-A conduction time in six and blocked V-A conduction in
      one patient. In addition, A-V and V-A refractory periods were measured by the
      extrastimulus technique. Two types of responses were observed: (1) Type I or (2)
      line of identity. A-V nodal refractoriness was observed to be within the normal
      range. Procaine amide converted anterograde line of identity responses to Type I
      responses in all patients who had their delta waves eliminated. In this patient
      group, bypass refractoriness was shorter than A-V nodal refractoriness. Procaine
      amide was not observed to alter significantly normal A-V conduction as assessed
      by atrial pacing or A-V refractory period measurements. Furthermore, a
      significant disparity between the effects of procaine amide on anterograde and
      retrograde bypass refractoriness was observed. Tachycardias could be induced in
      nine of the 13 patients with a mean rate of 167.2 +/- 7.9 beats per minute; delta
      waves were abent during all episodes of tachycardia. Procaine amide prevented
      tachycardia induction in six of the none patients. Procaine amide therefore
      demonstrates electrophysiologic effects which would be beneficial for prevention
      or treatment of reciprocating tachycardias in the WPW syndrome. Moreover,
      procaine amide would be an ideal agent for the prevention of rapid ventricular
      rates in patients with the WPW syndrome and atrial fibrillation.

PMID- 1199923
TI  - Right bundle branch block during transvenous ventricular pacing.

PMID- 1199925
TI  - Virus valvular heart disease.

PMID- 1199924
TI  - Massive myocardial hemosiderosis: a structure-function conference at the National
      Heart and Lung Institute.

PMID- 1199926
TI  - Ventricular tachycardia: a new iatrogenic possibility.

PMID- 1199927
TI  - Successful amputation--by whose standards?

PMID- 1199928
TI  - Of simplyfying classification of WPW syndrome (left, right, and septal types of
      WPW syndrome).

PMID- 1199929
TI  - Effect of direct revascularization surgery on coronary collateral circulation in
      man.
AB  - In 63 consecutive patients with significant coronary artery disease (more than 75
      percent stenosis), the effects of direct myocardial revascularization on coronary
      collateral channels were studied 6 to 29 days (mean 13.4 days) after operation.
      Collateral vessels were identified preoperatively and their angiographic
      regression or reappearance after operation was noted. In 15 patients (23
      percent), there was no evidence of collateral flow before or after operation. The
      remaining 48 patients had 186 collateral channels preoperatively.
      Postoperatively, 84 (45 percent) of these collateral vessels were no longer
      apparent, 75 (40 percent) were unchanged and 27 (15 percent) were identical with
      the preoperative vessels but the pattern of blood flow was reversed. The findings
      suggest that in the presence of established collateral channels, direct
      revascularization acutely alters existing flow and pressure gradients in a
      complex manner. Collateral channels disappear or remain unchanged when a gradient
      is decreased or maintained; collateral flow is reversed when a gradient is
      increased. These data may permit (1) objective preoperative estimation of distal
      vessel runoff in vessels with collateral channels, and (2) evaluation of the
      completeness of revascularization in assessing long-term postoperative results.

PMID- 1199930
TI  - Quantitative study of left bundle branch fibrosis in left anterior hemiblock: A
      stereologic approach.
AB  - Serial sectioning of the interventricular septum was carried out in 16 hearts, 8
      from elderly subjects with no conduction disturbance and 8 from patients with
      chronic left anterior hemiblock. The histologic slides were studied
      stereologically, and the relative density of fibrosis was quantitatively assessed
      by the point counting technique at various levels of the main subdivisions of the
      left bundle branch system. Statistical analysis revealed the following: (1)
      Although some fibrosis was found in the control hearts, the density of fibrosis
      was consistently and significantly greater throughout the conduction system in
      patients with left anterior hemiblock. (2) In the group with hemiblock, the
      relative density of fibrosis tended to increase significantly from the posterior
      ramification to the midseptal fibers and, finally, to the anterior fascicle. (3)
      Among the eight patients with hemiblock, fibrosis appeared to be evenly
      distributed throughout the conduction system in four. It was predominantly
      located in the anterior and midseptal fibers in one patient and showed an
      increasing severity from the posterior to the midseptal and anterior fibers in
      the remaining three patients. From this quantitative study, it is concluded that
      left anterior hemiblock is a reliable sign of left bundle branch disease but that
      the underlying lesions are more widely distributed than would be from the
      expected electrocardiographic terminology since they were found predominantly in
      the anterior ramifications in only half of the studied cases.

PMID- 1199931
TI  - Alternating Wenckebach periodicity: A common electrophysiologic response.
AB  - Alternating Wenckebach periods are defined as episodes of 2:1 atrioventricular (A
      V) block in which conducted P-R intervals progressively prolong, terminating in
      two or three blocked P waves. In this study, His bundle recordings were obtained
      in 13 patients with pacing-induced alternating Wenckebach periods. Three patterns
      were noted: Pattern 1 (one patient with a narrow QRS complex) was characterized
      by 2:1 block distal to the H deflection (block in the His bundle) and Wenckebach
      periods proximal to the H deflection, terminating with two blocked P waves.
      Pattern 2 (four patients) was characterized by alternating Wenckebach periods
      proximal to the His bundle, terminating with three blocked P waves. Pattern 3
      (eight patients) was characterized by alternating Wenckebach periods proximal to
      the His bundle, terminating with two blocked P waves. Alternating Wenckebach
      periods are best explained by postulating two levels of block. When alternating
      Wenckebach periods are terminated by three blocked P waves (pattern 2), the
      condition may be explained by postulating 2:1 block (proximal level) and type I
      block (distal level). When alternating Wenckebach periods are terminated by two
      blocked P waves (patterns 1 and 3), the condition may be explained by postulating
      type I block (proximal level) and 2:1 block (distal level). Pattern 1 reflects
      block at two levels, the A-V node and His bundle. Patterns 2 and 3 most likely
      reflect horizontal dissociation within the A-V node.

PMID- 1199932
TI  - Biventricular dynamics during quantitated anteroseptal infarction in the porcine
      heart.
AB  - The porcine heart has been shown to have close anatomic similarity to the human
      heart and was used as the experimental model in this study to gain further
      understanding of the early responses of both ventricles during acute anteroseptal
      myocardial infarction. High fidelity pressure and flow data were measured and
      multiple preejection and ejection variables were calculated for both ventricles.
      Infarct weight and distribution in both ventricles were quantitated. The standard
      infarction resulted from single stage ligation of the left anterior descending
      coronary artery just beyond its midpoint and second left ventricular branch. It
      comprised an average of 15.8 percent of total ventricular myocardium with an
      infarct/perfused ratio of 0.62 and a periinfarction transition zone of 7.5 mm,
      and involved significant portions of both ventricles and the interventricular
      septum. Performance characteristics of both ventricles were altered significantly
      by anteroseptal infarction and involved all phases of contraction--end-diastole,
      isovolumic systole and ventricular ejection. Although contractile alterations in
      the right ventricle were significant, they were somewhat delayed, yielding
      relatively low correlation coefficients with analogous left ventricular
      contractile indexes. These correlations became quite distinct during specific
      ventricular stresses. Comparison of anterolateral and anteroseptal infarction,
      matched in terms of infarct size, indicated that the right ventricular changes in
      the latter were related to direct involvement of the right ventricular free wall
      and septum rather than secondary to left ventricular alterations.

PMID- 1199933
TI  - Vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation during acute coronary arterial
      occlusion and release.
AB  - The effect of 10 minutes of occlusion, and release of occlusion, of the left
      anterior descending coronary artery on vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation
      was studied in 15 dogs. Ventricular fibrillation threshold was determined by
      inducing a sequence of three closely coupled extrasystoles (sequential R/T
      pulsing). Within 3 minutes of occlusion the current required to induce
      fibrillation decreased from a control value of 56 +/- 7 ma (mean +/- standard
      error) to 1.6 +/- 0.3 ma (P less than 0.001). It remained at this level for about
      4 minutes and then rapidly returned to the control level in 8 of 10 dogs. Upon
      release of occlusion at 10 minutes, the ventricular fibrillation threshold was
      again greatly reduced; this period of reduction occurred shortly after
      reperfusion and was of brief duration. After both occlusion and release the
      duration of the ventricular vulnerable period was prolonged. The time course of
      change in cardiac vulnerability parallels the altered susceptibility to
      ventricular fibrillation after coronary arterial occlusion and release. These
      results recommend sequential R/T pulsing as a useful technique for probing
      changes in cardiac vulnerability under diverse experimental conditions.

PMID- 1199934
TI  - Measurement of regional myocardial blood flow in man: description and critique of
      the method using xenon-133 and a scintillation camera.
AB  - A method has been devised to measure regional myocardial blood flow in man. The
      approach consists of selective injection of xenon-133 into a coronary artery and
      the external monitoring of radioisotope washout curves from multiple areas of the
      myocardium with a multiple crystal scintillation camera. Rate constants of
      isotope washout are calculated using a monoexponential model, and the capillary
      blood flow rates in multiple regions of the heart are calculated by the Kety
      formula. The pattern of perfusion rates is related to the coronary arteriogram
      obtained in the same study. Myocardial perfusion patterns obtained in patients
      with and without coronary artery disease and during atrial pacing are given, as
      well as examples of results obtained in myocardial aneurysms, in regions of
      ischemic myocardium supplied by collateral vessels and after tracer injection
      into an aortocoronary bypass graft. Advantages of the method are discussed along
      with limitations related to the tracer, the scintillation camera, the form of
      mathematical analysis and the three dimensional nature of the heart.

PMID- 1199935
TI  - Etiologic relations among categories of congenital heart malformations.
AB  - Pairs of siblings with congenital heart malformations of different types were
      analyzed for evidence of nonrandom association of defects within families that
      might suggest a genetic predisposition common to two or more kinds of
      malformations. An excess of pairs was noted for tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary
      stenosis, tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great vessels, and
      tetralogy of Fallot and ventricular septal defect, thus suggesting that there may
      be a developmental relation between these lesions. This finding is supported by a
      recent study in the Keeshond dog demonstrating a genetic predisposition common to
      tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect. Thus the
      method does seem capable of revealing etiologic relations, probably genetic,
      among different types of cardiac lesions. Data on risks of recurrence for
      siblings of children with these defects will now have to be refined to take into
      account the possible recurrence of related lesions.

PMID- 1199936
TI  - Echocardiographic detection of aneurysms of the interventricular septum
      associated with ventricular septal defect. A method of noninvasive diagnosis and
      follow-up.
AB  - Spontaneous closure of a ventricular septal defect is frequently accompanied by
      the formation of an aneurysm of the membranous septum. The exact anatomic basis
      for such an aneurysm varies. Some arise from redundant tissue from the
      endocardial cushions or from adherence of the tricuspid septal leaflet to the
      defect; the origin of others cannot be determined. Echocardiographic studies in
      17 patients with the diagnosis of ventricular septal defect revealed in 7 an
      aneurysm of the membranous septum that was later confirmed by angiography. In no
      patient was an aneurysm missed or erroneously diagnosed in the echocardiographic
      study. Echocardiography can be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool in the
      long-term management of patients with ventricular septal defect.

PMID- 1199937
TI  - Cardiovascular management of pregnant women with a heart valve prosthesis.
AB  - This study of 14 pregnancies in 11 patients with a Starr-Edwards valve prosthesis
      (nine mitral, two aortic) shows that cardiac functional capacity deteriorated to
      class III (New York Heart Association criteria) in only 1 woman. The
      deterioration occurred during the third trimester and the patient's condition
      improved with medical therapy. Careful medical control diminished the incidence
      of heart failure in these patients. Six of nine pregnant women with a mitral
      valve prosthesis were treated continuously with coumarin and three discontinued
      the therapy gradually before the third trimester of pregnancy. In five pregnant
      women (three with an aortic valve prosthesis, two with a mitral valve prosthesis)
      no anticoagulant agents were used. No embolic episodes or severe hemorrhagic
      complications were seen. One newborn whose mother received coumarin during the
      first trimester had bilateral hand polydactylia. There were no maternal deaths.
      One neonate died after fetal stress necessitating the only cesarean section.
      These results suggest that women with an artificial heart valve tolerate
      pregnancy well and that anticoagulant therapy is not mandatory in pregnant women
      with an aortic valve prosthesis, or in the few women with a mitral valve
      prosthesis not already receiving coumarin at the onset of pregnancy.

PMID- 1199938
TI  - Atrioventricular block after reciprocating atrioventricular junctional
      tachycardia.
AB  - Short runs of symptomatic atrioventricular (A-V) block occurred after spontaneous
      cessation of reciprocating A-V junctional tachycardia in a patient with right
      bundle branch block, normal H-V interval and sinus nodal dysfunction. These
      episodes were characterized by long (more than 1 sec) P-P intervals during which
      the A deflections were not followed by His bundle electrograms. Three possible
      explanations are: (1) a posttachycardia-induced period of abnormally prolonged A
      V nodal refractoriness; (2) pseudo-A-V block produced by concealed A-V junctional
      tachycardia, or (3) bradycardia-dependent (phase 4) A-V block at the "upper" His
      bundle, above the site from which the H deflection was recorded.

PMID- 1199939
TI  - Sinus and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia in the same patient.
AB  - Sinus and atrioventricular (A-V) nodal reentry are shown to coexist in the same
      patient, and the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Reentry at one nodal site
      may mask reentry at the other nodal site, (2) concealed reentry at either site
      may become manifest reentry under the appropriate conditions, (3) manifest sinus
      nodal reentry may alternate with manifest A-V nodal reentry, and (4) a Wenckebach
      type phenomenon manifest in the A-V node and concealed in the sinus node may in
      some instances be the basis for coexistent sinus and A-V nodal reentry in man.

PMID- 1199940
TI  - Intrapericardial bronchogenic cysts.
AB  - A rare case of large intrapericardial bronchogenic cyst with superior vena caval
      obstruction is reported. The cyst was successfully removed and the superior vena
      cava, which was narrowed by pressure fibrosis and thrombosis, was reconstructed
      satisfactorily and has maintained patency. In another case a large cyst of the
      same type without vena caval obstruction was successfully treated surgically. The
      features of these 2 cases are compared with those of 20 reported cases. The
      angiographic data in these cases appear to be sufficiently characteristic to
      suggest the nature of the lesion and the clinical finding of pericarditis early
      in the course of the disease may also suggest the diagnosis.

PMID- 1199941
TI  - Optimal resources for cardiac surgery. Guidelines for program planning and
      evaluation.
AB  - This updated and expanded planning guideline describes the optimal environment in
      which cardiac surgery can be performed effectively and safely and suggests
      criteria for evaluating existing facillities and for long-range hospital
      planning. The status of cardiac surgery is reviewed and measures are provided for
      assessing a hospital's ability to support a cardiac surgical service.
      Recommendations are given for appropriate case loads, administrative
      arrangements, and professional staff qualifications and relationships. The
      emerging role of the nurse is considered and requirements are enumerated for
      allied clinical supporting services. Special criteria are provided for pediatric
      cardiac surgical units and detailed specifications are given for the hospital's
      physical plant and equipment including a protocol for checking the electrical
      safety of surgical suites. A data base is suggested for taking regular inventory
      of community cardiac surgical programs.

PMID- 1199942
TI  - Myocardial revascularization: Current state of the art.

PMID- 1199943
TI  - Chronic right bundle branch block and left posterior hemiblock. Clinical,
      electrophysiologic and prognostic observations.
AB  - Twenty-one patients with long-term right bundle branch block and left posterior
      himiblock were studied electrophysiologically and then followed up prospectively.
      The group consisted of 19 men and 2 woman aged 61 +/- 2.7 years (mean +/-
      standard error of the mean). The majority of patients had either hypertensive
      cardiovascular disease (48 percent) or primary conduction disease (33 percent).
      Initial electrophysiologic studies revealed A-H intervals of 58 to 152 msec (mean
      98 +/- 7.7) and H-V intervals of 40 to 80 msec (mean 52 +/- 2.1). Six patients
      (29 percent) had prolonged H-V intervals. The follow-up period ranged from 91 to
      1,231 days (mean 671 +/-68). Three of 21 patients (14 percent) needed a permanent
      pacemaker after development of the following symptomatic conduction disease:
      sinoatrial block on day 3 of follow-up; second degree atrioventricular (A-V)
      block, site undetermined, on day 118; and second degree A-V block proximal to the
      His bundle on day 398. One patient died suddenly (on day 571), and two others
      died of noncardiac causes. In conclusion, combined right bundle branch block and
      left posterior hemiblock was associated with less trifascicular disease than
      reported previously. The clinical course of most of the patients was benign and
      the incidence of sudden death was relatively small. Symptomatic conduction
      disease occurred but could be definitely related to trifascicular disease in only
      one patient. These short-term data suggest that prophylactic pacemaker insertion
      is not routinely indicated in patients with chronic right bundle branch block and
      left posterior hemiblock.

PMID- 1199944
TI  - Mahaim and James fibers as a basis for a unique variety of ventricular
      preexcitation.
AB  - This report concerns pathologic findings in a 54 year old woman with intermittent
      preexcitation who died of carcinoma of the breast. Electrocardiograms revealed
      predominantly normal sinus rhythm with a normal P-R interval and narrow QRS
      complex. Episodes of sinus rhythm, short P-R interval and QRS widening (with
      delta wave) were also recorded. During preexcitation QS complexes were noted in
      leads II, III, aVF, V1 and V4 to V6. Delta waves were negative in leads II, III,
      aVF and V1 isoelectric in leads V4 to V6 and positive only in leads I, aVL, V2
      and V3. This case thus defies classification into any known variety of
      preexcitation. Complete serial sections, cut through the entire conduction system
      and both atrioventricular (A-V) rims, totaled 18,600 sections. These revealed no
      bundle of Kent. Instead, Mahaim fibers histologically identified as His bundle
      tissue gave off from the A-V bundle to both the right and the left sides of the
      septum associated with the normal fibers of James. This case reveals that (1)
      fibers of James can bypass the A-V node, (2) fibers of Mahaim can conduct, and
      (3) there are types of preexcitation in addition to types A and B.

PMID- 1199945
TI  - Comparative cardiac dynamic effects of dobutamine and isoproterenol in conscious
      instrumented dogs.
AB  - The cardiac dynamic consequences were evaluated of constant infusions of
      dobutamine and isoproterenol at graded dose levels into conscious, healthy
      instrumented dogs. Measurements were made of simultaneous changes in left
      ventricular internal diameter, pressure, aortic pressure and rate of rise of left
      ventricular pressure(dP/dt), as well as the left ventricular electrogram. From
      these primary variables, derived variables were computed using programs in a
      minicomputer system. The data showed that, with increasing doses of dobutamine
      there were significant linear increases in all measured indexes of myocardial
      contractility, such as the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure at a
      developed isovolumic pressure of 40 mm Hg (dP/dt/P40), mean velocity of left
      ventricular fiber shortening, ejection fraction and stroke work. These changes in
      myocardial contractility occurred without changes in end-diastolic volume, mean
      aortic pressure or heart rate when dobutamine was infused in doses of 5 to 20
      mug/kg per min. Isoproterenol also produced linear changes in indexes of
      myocardial contractility but in doses of 0.02 to 0.10 mug/kg per min, it produced
      a significantly higher heart rate at any given level of contractility than that
      produced by dobutamine. Cardiac minute work (heart rate X stroke work) was
      increased by both drugs. However, with infusions of isoproterenol the amount of
      cardiac minute work was significantly limited because of the changes in heart
      rate, whereas with dobutamine cardiac minute work could be increased to a higher
      level as a function of changes in myocardial contractility alone without changes
      in heart rate. These data suggest that dobutamine selectively increases
      myocardial contractility.

PMID- 1199946
TI  - Effects of ischemia and coronary reperfusion on myocardial digoxin uptake.
AB  - The effects of coronary reperfusion on the uptake of digoxin by ischemic
      myocardium were studied in 17 open chest dogs undergoing anterior wall infarction
      produced by snaring confluent branches of the left coronary arterial system.
      Epicardial electrograms delineated ischemic, border and nonischemic zones. The
      hearts were reperfused by snare release after 1, 2 and 6 hours of occlusion.
      After 15 minutes of reperfusion, 1.0 mg of tritiated digoxin (3H-digoxin) was
      given intravenously, and 2 hours later the hearts were excised and endocardial
      and epicardial samples from each zone were analyzed for 3H-digoxin concentration.
      In another group of eight dogs regional myocardial blood flow was assessed
      utilizing 15 mu of radio-labeled microspheres administered during occlusion and
      reperfusion. In five dogs with 1 hour of coronary occlusion and subsequent
      reperfusion, 3H-digoxin uptake was comparable in endocardial and epicardial
      layers of all three zones. In six dogs undergoing reperfusion after 2 hours of
      occlusion, mean 3H-digoxin concentration was significantly (P less than 0.001)
      reduced from the mean nonischemic concentration, by 54 percent in endocardial and
      35 percent in epicardial layers of the ischemic zone. Border zone endocardial and
      epicardial 3H-digoxin uptake was reduced by 21 percent and 16 percent,
      respectively (P less than 0.05). In six dogs undergoing reperfusion after 6 hours
      of occlusion, 3H-digoxin uptake in the ischemic zone was significantly (P less
      than 0.001) reduced by 85 percent in endocardial and 60 percent in epicardial
      layers from the concentration in the nonischemic zone. Border zone uptake was
      decreased by 54 percent in endocardial and 36 percent in epicardial regions (P
      less than 0.01). These alterations of in vivo digoxin binding could not be
      explained by impaired reflow of blood to ischemic myocardium. We conclude that
      coronary reperfusion after 2 to 6 hours of occlusion is associated with a marked
      reduction in myocardial digoxin uptake, which is more pronounced in
      subendocardial than in subepicardial regions of ischemic tissue.

PMID- 1199948
TI  - Long-term follow-up of two infants with an implanted cardiac pacemaker.
AB  - The clinical course of two patients with congenital heart block who had pacemaker
      implantation at age 7 and 8 months, respectively, is reviewed. One patient at age
      10 years has had nine pulse generators inserted; the other has had six
      implantations, the most recent a lithium iodine pacemaker, during 8 1/2 years of
      observation. Both patients have shown normal physical development and emotional
      maturation despite multiple hospitalizations and pacemaker replacements, thus
      demonstrating that electrical pacing, initiated in infancy, can be maintained
      through childhood without adverse effects.

PMID- 1199947
TI  - Congenital and surgical atrioventricular block within the His bundle.
AB  - In three patients with congenital heart disease the site of atrioventricular (A
      V) block was localized within the His bundle with the aid of His bundle
      electrograms. In one patient with first degree A-V block and normal QRS
      configuration, electrophysiologic studies revealed "split" His potentials. The
      other two patients had complete A-V block, and their His bundle electrograms
      revealed His spikes both proximal and distal to the site of block. One of the two
      patients, who had a pattern of left bundle branch block in the electrocardiogram,
      had surgically induced complete A-V block after repair of an ostium primum atrial
      septal defect. The other patient with congenital A-V block had a narrow QRS
      complex and, in addition to complete block within the His bundle, prolonged A-V
      nodal conduction time but no associated cardiac anomaly. Both patients with
      complete heart block required pacemaker insertion. The natural history of intra-H
      is bundle block is not known, and it is difficult to recommend appropriate
      therapy. More electrophysiologic studies are needed in patients with A-V block to
      determine the prognostic significance of such block or conduction delay in the
      His bundle.

PMID- 1199949
TI  - Handy heart sound simulator.
AB  - A simple bedside technique of heart sound simulation using hand and stethoscope
      is described. The technique utilizes tissue vibration and sound conduction with
      the usual air column of a stethoscope to reproduce auscultatory events accurately
      without the distortion that often accompanies electrical production of heart
      sounds.

PMID- 1199950
TI  - Effects of glucose-insulin-potassium on myocardial substrate availability and
      utilization in stable coronary artery disease. Studies on myocardial
      carbohydrate, lipid and oxygen arterial-coronary sinus differences in patients
      with coronary artery disease.
AB  - To assess the metabolic effects of myocardial substrate alteration in patients
      with coronary artery disease, glucose-insulin-potassium solution was administered
      intravenously for 30 minutes to 14 men with stable angiographically documented
      coronary artery disease. The glucose-insulin-potassium solution (300 g of
      glucose, 50 units of regular insulin and 80 mEq of potassium chloride per liter
      of water) was infused at a constant rate in each patient, but individual infusion
      rates ranged from 0.013 to 0.032 ml/kg per min (4 to 10 mg glucose/kg per min) in
      the 14 patients. Simultaneous arterial and coronary sinus samples were obtained
      at 15 minute intervals during a stable 30 minute control period and again at 15
      minute intervals during the infusion; samples were assayed for glucose, lactate,
      free fatty acid and oxygen content. In all 14 patients, during the glucose
      insulin-potassium infusion, arterial glucose and lactate increased and arterial
      free fatty acid levels fell; the magnitude of the changes in arterial lactate and
      free fatty acids was related to the rate of infusion. Arterial-coronary sinus
      differences (A-Cs) for glucose, lactate and free fatty acid levels correlated
      with the arterial concentrations of these substrates (r = 0.66, 0.87 and 0.79,
      respectively). Regression analyses demonstrated myocardial thresholds for the
      uptake of these substrates as follows: glucose 79 mg/100 ml; lactate 300 mu
      mole/liter; and free fatty acids 100 to 200 mu Eq/liter. Finally and most
      importantly, the reduction in A-Cs oxygen values after glucose-insulin-potassium
      infusion correlated with the reduction in A-Cs free fatty acid levels (r = 0.64,
      P less than 0.0001). This observation suggests that, in patients with coronary
      artery disease, glucose-insulin-potassium infusion may significantly diminish
      myocardial oxygen requirements by reduction of myocardial free fatty acid
      utilization and simultaneous enhancement of myocardial carbohydrate utilization.
      Myocardial substrate availability may be an important determinant of myocardial
      oxygen demand in patients with coronary artery disease. Infusion of glucose
      insulin-potassium solution has the potential to alter myocardial substrate
      availability, thus improving the balance between myocardial oxygen demand and
      supply.

PMID- 1199951
TI  - Echocardiographic diagnosis of a mobile, pedunculated tumor in the left
      ventricular cavity.
AB  - A mobile left ventricular tumor was detected by echocardiography. The tracing
      showed a cluster of echoes in the left ventricular cavity corresponding to the
      location of the tumor as seen in angiograms. At surgery the tumor was attached to
      the interventricular septum by a thin fibrous stalk.

PMID- 1199952
TI  - Constrictive pericarditis in procainamide-induced lupus erythematosus syndrome.
AB  - A rare case of constrictive pericarditis in procainamide-induced lupus
      erythematosus syndrome is reported. After 6 months of procainamids therapy fever,
      pleuritic chest pain, arthralgia and muscle soreness developed in a 47 year old
      man. These symptoms were soon followed by the onset of acute pericarditis and
      rapidly accumulating massive pericardial effusion. After withdrawal of
      procainamide therapy and administration of corticosteroids in large doses, there
      was marked subjective improvement and rapid reduction in pericardial effusion.
      However, constrictive pericarditis with massive leg edema and ascites developed 6
      weeks after admission as corticosteroid therapy was gradually discontinued. These
      manifestations subsided after pericardiectomy was performed.

PMID- 1199953
TI  - Holt-Oram syndrome associated with combined ostium primum and secundum atrial
      septal defects: Successful surgical closure.

PMID- 1199954
TI  - Editorial: Metabolic changes in myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1199955
TI  - Problems in measurement of serum digoxin by commercially available
      radioimmunoassay kits.

PMID- 1199956
TI  - Letter: Dyskinesia of left ventricle is a misnomer.

PMID- 1199957
TI  - Letter: Significance of fourth heart sound and split first heart sound.

PMID- 1199958
TI  - Letter: Board certification of cardiologists.

PMID- 1199959
TI  - Correlative microscopy of enamel prism orientation.
AB  - Both mature and developing human enamel were studied by correlative light and
      electron microscopic techniques. Ordinary light microscopic observations of
      routinely prepared ground sections produced a totally inaccurate impression of
      enamel prism direction. In contrast, ground sections which were acid-etched and
      viewed with phase contrast optics, as well as thin (0.5 mum) sections, were in
      concert with further electron microscopic preparations. The appearance of
      longitudinally sectioned prisms as demonstrated on thick ground sections is often
      the result of structural interrelation between groups of obliquely sectioned
      prisms. The arrangement between enamel prism heads and tails is often such as to
      produce the light microscopic appearance of classical enamel cross striations.
      The production of such optical artifacts may be related to conflicting
      interpretations concerning enamel cross striations as well as light microscopic
      descriptions of the histopathology of enamel caries.

PMID- 1199960
TI  - Intercellular relationships in the external glial limiting membrane of the
      neocortex of the cat and rat.
AB  - The external glial limiting membrane of the cerebral cortex appears to be a
      complete astrocytic mantle covering the pial surface of the molecular layer. It
      consists of flattened cell bodies arranged singly or in small groups spaced about
      100 mu apart and multitudes of interdigitating processes arrayed in layers. The
      glial mantle is thicker in the sulci than on the gyri. It is covered externally
      by a basal lamina which is associated with collagenous fibrils and cells of the
      pia mater. The extracellular space in aldehyde-perfused material appears as a
      regular, electron-lucent interval 150 A wide between adjacent cell membranes. Gap
      junctions are frequently encountered in the external glial limiting membrane;
      desmosomes are present between astrocytic processes but are seen much less often.

PMID- 1199961
TI  - Patterns of mitosis in hamster epidermis.
AB  - Alignment of the flattened keratinizing cells of the upper strata of mammalian
      epidermis leads to the formation of columnar units of structure. In mouse
      epidermis, mitoses have been found to occur relatively infrequently in the region
      beneath the center of each cell column where a non-keratinocyte dendritic cell,
      usually with freatures typical of an epidermal Langerhans cell, is situated. The
      observed pattern of mitosis could therefore be due either to displacement of
      central keratinocytes by Langerhans cells or indicate some control of
      keratinocyte proliferation related either to the Langerhans cells or to the over
      lying cell columns. No relationship exists between the position of Langerhans
      cells and epidermal cell columns in hamster epidermis but measurement of the
      position of mitosis has shown a reduced frequency of occurrence of mitosis
      beneath the central region. This pattern of mitosis is therefore unrelated to
      Langerhans cells and appears to reflect differences in the mitotic potential of
      basal keratinocytes which could be associated with feedback from the overlying
      cell columns or with an intrinsic pattern of basal cell activity.

PMID- 1199962
TI  - The cytochemical localization of adenyl cyclase activity in rat sublingual gland.
AB  - Adenyl cyclase activity in mucous acinar cells and serous demilune cells of the
      rat sublingual gland was localized cytochemically. After incubation with adenylyl
      imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP) as substrate, deposits of reaction product are found
      along the cell membranes  bordering the secretory surfaces of serous demilune
      cells. These are the membranes which participate directly in secretion by fusing
      with the granule membranes. The granule membranes of the demilune cells do not
      reveal reaction product, but the membranes of the granules which are fused with
      and become part of the cell membrane do show deposits. Thus, it appears that the
      cell membranes which fuse with granule membranes during secretion are associated
      with a high level of adenyl cyclase activity. In support of this, the luminal
      membranes of the mucous acinar cells which do not fuse with granule membranes
      during secretion are not associated with detectable amounts of adenyl cyclase
      activity.

PMID- 1199964
TI  - An electron microscopic study on the effects of reserpine on the subclavian
      glomera of the rabbit.
AB  - Young male and female New Zealand white rabbits were given a daily subcutaneous
      injection of reserpine (Serpasil, Ciba; 3 mg/kg) for two days and were sacrificed
      24 hours after the last injection. The subclavian glomera (aortic bodies) were
      processed for electron microscopy to determine the effects of this biogenic amine
      depleting agent on the electron-opaque cytoplasmic granules of the parenchymal
      type I cells. Observations of glutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide fixed glomera from
      reserpinized animals showed a slight decrease in granule density of the type I
      cells. Glomera fixed in glutaraldehyde and incubated in potassium dichromate (pH
      4.1) demonstrated a reduction in granule opacity following reserpine treatment.
      Control glomera incubated in potassium dichromate displayed electron-opaque
      granules. These results indicate that reserpine does deplete the amines without
      granule disappearance or changes in granule population. The positive reaction of
      the control tissue granules to potassium dichromate incubation suggests that the
      predominant biogenic amines in the electron-opaque granules are unsubstituted
      monoamines. Persistence of the opaque granules following reserpinization and
      glutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide double fixation, may be due to amine-binding
      protein within the granules. The mode of granule depletion could not be
      ascertained with certainty.

PMID- 1199963
TI  - Light, fluorescence and electron microscopic studies of rabbit subclavian
      glomera.
AB  - The subclavian glomera (aortic bodies) of young New Zealand white rabbits were
      studied with the light, fluorescence, and electron microscopes. Two cell types
      were identified: type I, granule-containing (chief) cells, and type II, agranular
      (sustentacular) cells. The type I cells possessed large nuclei, the normal
      complement of cytoplasmic organelles and numerous electron-opaque cytoplasmic
      granules. The type II cells were agranular with attenuated cytoplasmic processes
      which partially or completely ensheathed the type I cells. The glomera were well
      vascularized. Capillary endothelial cells contained numerous pinocytotic
      vesicles, but few fenestrae. Two profiles of nerve terminals were observed. One,
      apposing the type I cells, contained numerous electron-lucent vesicles, several
      dense-cored vesicles, mitochondria and possessed membrane specializations
      resembling those usually observed in synaptic zones. The other profile contained
      abundant mitochondria and a few electron-lucent and dense-cored vesicles.
      Structural specializations were not observed on the apposed membranes of these
      terminals or adjacent to type II cells. Fluorescence histochemistry revealed an
      intense yellow-green fluorescence in the glomera, which indicated the presence of
      biogenic amines, possibly primary catecholamines or an indolamine. The electron
      opaque granules observed in the type I cells were believed to be the storage
      sites for these amines. The subclavian glomera were found to be morphologically
      similar to the carotid body which is a known chemoreceptor.

PMID- 1199965
TI  - Distribution of 125I-labeled rat growth hormone in regional brain areas and
      peripheral tissue of the rat.
AB  - The uptake of intraperitoneally injected 125I-labeled rat growth hormone into
      brain and peripheral tissues was measured in normal and hypophysectomized adult
      rats. A significant level of radioactivity was observed in the seven brain
      regions examined -- the telencephalon, diencephalon, midbrain, pons-medulla,
      cerebellum, pineal and pituitary glands. The pineal and pituitary glands, which
      are outside the blood-brain barrier, contained three to four times the
      concentration of radioactivity of the other brain regions. Compared to brain, the
      level of radioactivity was much higher in peripheral tissues (the diaphragm,
      kidney, serum and liver). For example, the serum contained ten times the level of
      radioactivity of most brain regions. For a given tissue, however, the normal and
      hypophysectomized rats showed a comparable amount of 125I-growth hormone.
      Trichloroacetic acid precipitates from each tissue sample showed that peripheral
      tissues had a higher proportion of radioactivity (35-48% of total tissue
      radioactivity) than the brain samples (13-26%). The data support the view that
      growth hormone, or a metabolite can enter the central nervous system and may
      directly affect on-going metabolic processes.

PMID- 1199966
TI  - The two to four-cell embryos as source tissue of the tetrapeptide preventing
      ovulations in the hamster.
AB  - A tetrapeptide compound, derived from oviductal contents at 40 hours post-coitus,
      prevents ovulation when injected subcutaneously into cyclic hamsters (Kent, '73).
      The present experiments were designed to determine whether the source of the
      tetrapeptide is from the ova, embryos, oviducts or semen. Oviducts were either
      untouched or ligated at the ovarian or uterine end to limit contents to embryos,
      semen or ova and the contents then recovered at 40 hours pc and injected into
      cyclic hamsters. The results indicate that the source of the tetrapeptide is the
      embryos.

PMID- 1199967
TI  - Anti-horseradish peroxidase associated with tubular structures in the endoplasmic
      reticulum of plasma cells in stimulated lymph nodes of mice.
AB  - Tubular structures are described in dilated cisternae of the endoplasmic
      reticulum in plasma cells of lymph nodes stimulated with horseradish peroxidase
      (HRP). A positive reaction for anti-HRP antibody suggests that they are formed of
      immunoglobulins or are at least closely associated with them.

PMID- 1199968
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of somatostatin in cell bodies of the rat
      hypothalamus.
AB  - Cell bodies of small to moderate-sized neurons in the female rat hypothalamus
      were stained specifically for somatostatin (SRIF) by means of the unlabeled
      antibody-peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method. SRIF-positive
      perikarya were scattered throughout the periventricular nucleus in a limited
      region extending from the middle of the optic chiasm to the rostral margin of the
      median eminence. The same neurons were revealed with either rabbit (R) or guinea
      pig (GP) anti-SRIF antisera. Positive cell bodies were more readily assessed with
      GP antibodies because nonspecific background staining was much less with these
      than with R anti-SRIF. Positive perikarya were not observed in other hypothalamic
      nuclei and ependymal elements were also immunocytochemically negative.

PMID- 1199969
TI  - The effects of anesthetics on an in-vivo oxygen electrode.
AB  - The IBC in-vivo oxygen electrode may be used during anesthesia. The possibility
      that three common inhalation anesthetics--halothane, enflurane, and
      methoxyflurane--might be reduced at the electrode, thereby changing the PO2
      value, was tested. Enflurane and methoxyflurane do not affect the current
      produced at the electrode; halothane significantly increases PO2 readings at
      oxygen tensions below 105 torr. It is suggested that PaO2 readings below 105 torr
      be confirmed by the standard bench method.

PMID- 1199970
TI  - Comparison of eight kits for the diagnosis of pregnancy.
AB  - The results obtained with eight pregnancy kits on 735 urines were compared.
      Overall accuracies were similar and fairly high (93.4 to 95.37%), although only
      78.28% of all pregnancies were simultaneously detected by all eight kits. It is
      suggested that the different performances of each kit could be accounted for not
      only by lack of product homologation, differences in kit sensitivity, and
      laboratorian error, but also by the presence of various hormonal components in
      various concentrations in the urines of pregnant women, and by the presence of
      different antibodies against these hormonal components in various concentrations
      in the antisera included in the various kits.

PMID- 1199971
TI  - Prompt regression of cystic vaginal adenosis following cessation of oral
      contraceptive therapy.
AB  - Cystic vaginal adenosis was diagnosed in a 31-year-old woman. This lesion
      regressed promptly following the cessation of an oral contraceptive (Ovulen-21)
      which had been used continuously for 5 years. The temporal relationship between
      discontinuation of contraceptive treatment and the regression strongly suggests
      that the medication played a causal role in producing cystic vaginal adenosis. A
      possible mechanism may have been the stimulation of quiescent glands to growth
      and cystic dilatation, which finally produced a lesion associated with clinical
      symptoms.

PMID- 1199972
TI  - Detection of fibrin degradation products. A simplified technic.
AB  - An agglutination inhibition technic using CrCl3-treated erythrocytes for the
      quantification of circulating fibrin degradation products in patients with
      thromboembolic and fibrinolytic states is described.

PMID- 1199973
TI  - Hemalog-D and manual differential leukocyte counts. A laboratory comparison of
      results obtained with blood of hospitalized patients.
AB  - A clinical comparison of a new automated cytochemical leukocyte differential
      analyzer with standard 200-cell manual differential counts showed good agreement.
      The new apparatus (Hemalog-D) introduces a rapid, precise technic for the
      differentiation of peripheral-blood leukocytes.

PMID- 1199974
TI  - Leukocyte migration test in a modified agarose medium.
AB  - The medium used for the leukocyte migration test contained 1% agarose, 0.003 M
      HEPES, TC medium 199, and 10% horse serum. The pH was adjusted to 7.3 with 2 N
      NaOH. The leukocyte migration test in this medium correlated with the intradermal
      test in 36 subjects when PPD was used as antigen, and the results were comparable
      to those of the reference technic. Addition of HEPES to the original medium
      enables the test to be performed in a standard incubator.

PMID- 1199976
TI  - Bacteremia due to Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens. Report of a case.
AB  - An unusual case report of a patient with bacteremia due to Succinivibrio
      dextrinosolvens is presented. Heretofore, Succinivibrio spp. were thought to
      occur only as organisms in the rumens of herbivorous animals. Succinivibrio is an
      anaerobic, Gram-negative, curved, spiral bacillus with a polar monotrichous
      flagellar pattern. Volatile acids produced from glucose metabolism include
      succinic, acetic, formic and lactic. Various carbohydrate substrates are
      fermented to produce strong or weak acid end-points. Succinivibrio spp. will grow
      in bile, will not hydrolyze esculin or starch, and do not produce indol,
      catalase, lecithinase, lipase, or hemolysis. Bacteremia in this case was thought
      to have been the result of hypotension in the course of severe gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage. This is thought to represent the first published case of human
      infection due to Succinivibrio spp.

PMID- 1199975
TI  - Postpneumonectomy empyema due to Neisseria mucosa.
AB  - N. mucosa, a normal inhabitant of the oropharynx, rarely causes serious
      infection. We report a case of empyema caused by N. mucosa which was diagnosed a
      year after pneumonectomy.

PMID- 1199977
TI  - Mycotic granuloma caused by Phialophora repens.
AB  - This is the first reported infection by the saprophytic fungus, Phialophora
      repens. The infection was a solitary granulomatous nodule in the scalp of a
      Zairian man with advanced lepromatous leprosy. The patient was being treated by
      long-term prednisolone therapy. In tissue sections there were nonpigmented
      microcolonies composed of irregularly branched septate hyphae. A darkly pigmented
      fungus was isolated on Sabouraud's medium. The mycologic features of the
      etiologic agent were typical of P. repens. The infection was treated successfully
      by excision of the nodule.

PMID- 1199978
TI  - Localized deposition of calcium oxalate around a pulmonary Aspergillus niger
      fungus ball.
AB  - A case of pulmonary Aspergillus niger fungus ball is presented. Crystals of
      calcium oxalate, presumably derived from oxalic acid produced by the fungus, were
      deposited in tissues around the fungus ball. The crystals were identified by x
      ray diffraction analysis. Histochemical technics for the identification of
      calcium oxalate were applied, and evaluation of those showed Yasue's silver
      nitrate-rubeanic acid method to be the most satisfactory. More frequently used
      methods for identifying calcium salts in tissues may give equivocal reactions.
      Oxalic acid may cause localized tissue damage, and if this affects blood vessels
      severe hemorrhage may follow.

PMID- 1199979
TI  - Clinical implications of salicylate-induced liver damage.

PMID- 1199981
TI  - A review of pediatric inpatient care.
AB  - Between 101 and 188 medical records of children hospitalized in each of three
      community hospitals and one major teaching hospital were examined to determine
      need for admission and quality of care administered. Two of the hospitals had
      been similarily studied two years before. Twenty-five percent of all admissions
      and 17% of all patient days were considered unnecessary. The smallest number of
      inappropriate admissions was found in the major teaching institution, but one of
      the community hospitals without any teaching affiliation was notably better than
      the other two. The teaching hospital and the same community hospital also
      achieved the lowest questionable management rates. Significant (P less than 0.5)
      but minimal reduction had occurred in number of unnecessary admissions when first
      and second utilization studies in these two hospitals were compared.

PMID- 1199980
TI  - Hepatitis B antigen in infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B
      antigenemia in Taiwan.
AB  - Hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag) was detected by complement fixation (CF) in serum
      samples of 7.5% of 1,106 pregnant Chinese women tested in Taipei, Taiwan. HG Ag
      persisted in all but one of 42 women followed for 1 to 18 months (average, nine
      months) after delivery, and 27 of the 43 infants (63%) born to those women became
      antigen-positive. Persistance of the antigen was more common than transient or
      intermittent antigenemia. Twelve had antigenemia when first tested, while 15
      later developed antigenemia, usually during the first six months of life. Only
      one infant developed antibody to HG Ag (anti-HB Ag), and this occurred after
      transient antigenemia. The HB Ag was found in two of 32 (6%) fathers, and in 18
      of 27 (67%) older siblings. The antigen was more common among siblings of antigen
      positive than among those of antigen-negative infants. These findings demonstrate
      that in Taiwan, infants born to mothers who are asymptomatic carriers of HB Ag
      commonly become infected by heaptitis B (HB) virus. Exposure of infants near the
      time of birth may be important maintaining the high, chronic HB Ag carrier rate
      in Taiwan.

PMID- 1199982
TI  - Hepatic portoenterostomy. Indicated or not in the treatment of biliary atresia?

PMID- 1199983
TI  - Surgery of biliary atresia. Current status.

PMID- 1199984
TI  - Aspirin hepatitis.
AB  - Adverse reactions to aspirin, a potentially hepatotoxic drug, are believed to be
      dose related. This article reviews the medical literature and described two
      children with aspirin hepatitis. Hepatic dysfunction recurred in one of these
      patients at salicylate concentrations in serum previously considered nontoxic.

PMID- 1199985
TI  - Aneurysm of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery of a 5-year-old girl.
AB  - A case of a congenital aneurysm located on the left posterior inferior cerebellar
      artery, which ruptured producing subarachnoid hemorrhage and death in a 5-year
      old girl, is presented. The very low incidence of congenital aneurysms in young
      children and the relatively rare occurrence of aneurysms of the vertebral-basilar
      system are two additional unusual features of this case.

PMID- 1199986
TI  - The Ask-Upmark kidney. Roentgenographic and pathological features.
AB  - The Ask-Upmark kidney represents an unusual manifestation of a segmental
      hypoplastic kidney in which the lesion may be local or diffuse, and may involve
      one or both kidneys. It is almost always associated with hypertension and is,
      therefore, potentially curable when localized to a single kidney. It is
      imperative to recognize this disease in order to distinguish it from other
      entities that cause hypertension.

PMID- 1199987
TI  - Streptococcal osteomyelitis and arthritis in a neonate.
AB  - A 42-day-old female infant had neonatal pyogenic arthritis and osteomyelitis due
      to an unusual combination of streptococcal organisms. Group B streptococci
      produced an osteolytic lesion in the proximal end of the humerus and suppurative
      arthritis of the corresponding shoulder. An enterococcus was responsible for the
      occurrence of arthritis and subluxation of the hip.

PMID- 1199988
TI  - Seat belt buckle burn.

PMID- 1199989
TI  - Letter: High fever.

PMID- 1199990
TI  - The role of urinary indican as a predictor of bacterial colonization in the human
      jejunum.
AB  - To evaluate the role of urinary indican excretion and several common absorptive
      tests as predictors of bacterial colonization in the human jejunum, we analyzed
      the relationship between indican excretion and quantitative jejunal cultures,
      tryptophan absorption, enteric protein loss, fecal nitrogen excretion, D-xylose
      and lactose tolerance tests, and B12 and fat absorption in 40 subjects. Indican
      excretion correlated poorly with jejunal colony counts (r = 0.22). Neither
      tryptophan load or absorption, nor nitrogen excretion were related to
      indicanuria, but there was a modest correlation between enteric protein loss and
      urinary indican values (r = 0.54). Lactose tolerance tests and D-xylose, B12 and
      fat absorption showed no predictive value for identifying patients with high
      colony counts. Compared to quantitative small bowel culture, none of the tests
      studied provided suitable methods for screening for bacterial contamination of
      the human jejunum.

PMID- 1199991
TI  - Pancreatic excretion of 5, 5-dimethyl-2, 4-oxazolidinedione in normal subjects.
AB  - Pancreatic excretion of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (DMO) was studied in 25
      normal subjects using the technique of the traditional pancreatic secretory test.
      The pancreozymin-secretin test was performed 4 days after the oral administration
      of trimethadione (3,5,5-trimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione, the precursor of DMO) for
      3 consecutive days. When a dose of 1 unit/kg of pancreozymin was administered
      intravenously, both DMO concentration and output of a 10-min fractional specimen
      were rapidly increased and then decreased gradually. When a dose of 1 unit/kg of
      secretin was injected 30 min after pancreozymin, DMO concentration in duodenal
      aspirate showed no significant alteration, while DMO output of the aspirate was
      remarkably increased and then diminished in parallel to flow rate. DMO
      concentration in plasma varied widely from subject to subject, but was fairly
      constant during the course of the test in the same subject. Total DMO output in
      the postpancreozymin 30-min and postsecretin 60-min periods was linearly related
      to plasma DMO concentration. The output of DMO, when expressed as the output at a
      level of 10 mg/100 ml of plasma DMO, was linearly related to secretory volume and
      bicarbonate and amylase outputs in the postsecretin period. These results led to
      the conclusion that the human pancreas was capable of excreting a week organic
      acid of DMO with a molecular weight of 129.1 and that the excretion of DMO in
      normal subjects was a funciton of two factors: plasma DMO concentration and
      pancreatic secretory volume.

PMID- 1199992
TI  - Pancreatic excretion of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione in patients with
      chronic pancreatitis.
AB  - Abnormal pancreatic excretion of 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (DMO) was
      demonstrated in 44 patients with chronic pancreatitis (14 with calcification and
      30 without calcification). Pancreatic excretion of DMO in patients with chronic
      pancreatitis, as well as in normal subjects, depended on plasma DMO concentration
      and secretory volume. In the postsecretin 60-min period, almost all patients
      showed a decrease in total DMO output of duodenal aspirate over the observed
      range of plasma DMO concentration. More than half the patients without
      calcification gave a discordant pattern between the DMO output and volume, ie,
      decreased DMO output with normal volume secretion, while most of patients with
      calcification had low DMO output with decreased volume flow. The data of the
      pancreozymin-secretin test suggested that chornic pancreatic inflammation was
      moderate or minimal in patients without calcification and far advanced in those
      with calcification. From these results the hypothesis was advanced that DMO
      diffusion into the pancreatic ducts might be primarily impaired in the relatively
      early stage of chronic pancreatitis, and as the inflammation progressed to the
      final stage, DMO outflow from the ducts to the duodenum would be disturbed with
      evolving diffusion impairment of the compound. Total DMO output, when expressed
      as the output at a level of 10 mg/100 ml of plasma DMO (standard DMO output), was
      significantly reduced in chronic pancreatitis during a 60-min period after
      secretin stimulation. DMO in duodenal content, when expressed in terms of maximal
      concentration ratio of duodenal juice/plasma for the compound (maximal J/P
      ratio), was significantly low in chronic pancreatitis during the last 40-min
      period after secretin stimulation. These two parameters can therefore be used as
      indices of pancreatic excretion of DMO. The present technique may well become an
      effective diagnostic tool for early detection of chronic pancreatitis.

PMID- 1199993
TI  - Electrical activity of the ovine jejunum and changes due to disturbances.
AB  - Spike potential activity of the jejunum was recorded from chronically implanted
      electrodes in conscious sheep. The activity was summed at 20-sec intervals
      before, during, and after induction of diarrhea, small-bowel obstruction, and
      after nerve section. Sheep on a normal diet regimen exhibited migrating
      myoelectric complexes at a frequency of 18/24 hr. These complexes displayed
      irregular and regular activities which occupied 67% of the recording time. A
      common pattern observed during the manipulations was disorganization of the motor
      profile. The normal pattern was replaced by continuous spiking activity followed
      in many cases by total quiescence. After vagotomy the complexes still occurred
      but the duration of irregular spiking activity was decreased. These experiments
      suggest that the migrating myoelectric complex acts as a regulating factor and
      suggests that the ratio of irregular to regular activity is dependent on the
      influence of extrinsic nerves.

PMID- 1199994
TI  - Electrical activity and intraluminal pressures in the lower small intestine of
      turkeys.
AB  - To study ileal motility, 14 young turkeys were surgically prepared with a fistula
      and 3 bipolar Ag/AgCl electrodes in the ileum. Electric slow waves were recorded
      which averaged 0.45 mV in amplitude and 6.1 waves/min in frequency. They seldom
      waned, had no wave-form characteristic of a particular region of the ileum, and
      action-potential bursts did not occur at a particular phase of the slow wave.
      Action potentials, associated with contractions, averaged 0.21 mV in amplitude.
      An average of 4.0 pressure changes occurrd per minute and their amplitude
      averaged 16.2 mm Hg. Slow waves apparently were the primary regulators of ileal
      motility, although another type of activity may also have been involved. The
      latter activity consisted of intensive action-potential activity associated with
      high-frequency, high-amplitude contractile activity which appeared to move
      periodically aborally down the ileum.

PMID- 1199996
TI  - Pancreatic seudocyst diagnosed by B-scan ultrasonography.

PMID- 1199995
TI  - Gastroduodenal electrical activity in turkeys.
AB  - Bipolar Ag/AgCl electrodes were implanted in the stomach and duodenum of 21
      turkeys to study electrical activity in those organs. Intraluminal pressure
      changes were also monitored. For comparative purposes, electric slow waves were
      recorded from the stomach of turkeys. Although slow waves were recorded from the
      duodenum of turkeys, the waves were observed to wax and wane and were possibly
      not the major regulators of duodenal contractile activity. Several bursts of
      action potentials and several contractions usually occurred in the duodenum
      during one slow-wave cycle. Duodenal motility appeared to be totally coordinated
      with the gastric cycle. Impulses conducted over intrinsic nerves from a gastric
      pacemaker (15) were proposed as a possible mechanism for initiating and
      coordinating gastroduodenal motor activity.

PMID- 1199997
TI  - Measurement of gastric emptying time--a comparative study between nonisotopic
      aspiration method and new radioisotopic technique.
AB  - A comparative study between modified conventional saline load test and the more
      recently introduced radioisotopic method was run in 8 normal volunteers. Each
      subject underwent at least three studies by each of the two methods: (1)
      aspiration method of Goldstein and Boyle incorporating our modification, and (2)
      an isotopic method employing a gamma camera with a computer. A liquid meal of
      isotonic saline was used with or without (997) MTc-DTPA. The results indicated
      that the gastric emptying T 1/2 (8.8 +/- 3.5 min) obtained by saline load test
      was shorter than that obtained by isotopic method (12 +/- 3 min). This
      discrepancy was most likely due to inherent error (incomplete aspiration of the
      gastric fluid) in the former method giving rise to a false faster emptying time.
      Moreover, the variations in T 1/2 value in the same individual was much more in
      the aspiration method than it was in the isotopic method.

PMID- 1199998
TI  - Complication of prolonged intestinal intubation: gaseous distention of the
      terminal balloon.
AB  - A patient with regional enteritis was treated with a Cantor tube for relief of
      intestinal obstruction. Gaseous distention of the terminal balloon of the tube
      occurred necessitating removal by laparotomy and enterostomy. This rare
      complication is reviewed and discussed with special reference to etiology and
      prevention. The relationship of this complication to prolonged intubation is
      emphasized.

PMID- 1199999
TI  - Reversible enteritis and lymphopenia in infantile X-linked agammaglobulinemia.

PMID- 1200000
TI  - Cystic lymphangiomyoma of the colon causing protein-losing enteropathy.
AB  - This report documents a case of cystic lymphangiomyoma of the sigmoid colon in a
      35-year-old woman who presented with symptoms of a protein-losing enteropathy.
      This case was unique in that it involved not only the colonic wall and mesentery
      but also extended into the retroperitoneum. Surgical excision of the affected
      segment has resulted in reversal of hypoproteinaemia and return to normal of the
      excessive faecal loss of 51Cr-labeled protein over a 2-year follow-up period.

PMID- 1200001
TI  - Editorial: Chronic hepatitis--1975.

PMID- 1200002
TI  - Editorial: The need for humanism and "clinicalism" in today's educational
      programs in gastroenterology.

PMID- 1200003
TI  - Letter: Clindamycin-associated colitis.

PMID- 1200004
TI  - Letter: LES pressure.

PMID- 1200005
TI  - Letter: Ampicillin-associated diarrhea.

PMID- 1200006
TI  - Letter: Caerulein as pancreatic stimulant.

PMID- 1200007
TI  - Pancreatic ascites: diagnostic importance of ascitic lipase.
AB  - 10 cases of pancreatic ascites are presented. Ascitic fluid lipase is
      complementary to the determination of ascitic amylase in the diagnosis of
      pancreatic ascites and may be a more reliable diagnostic indicator of pancreatic
      ascites on a random ascitic fluid sample. Conservative management, consisting of
      abdominal paracentesis with or without diurectics, proved to be the treatment of
      choice in 3 of our patients who failed to reveal an associated pseudocyst.

PMID- 1200008
TI  - Mallory-Weiss syndrome in perspective.
AB  - Nineteen patients with the Mallory-Weiss lesion diagnosed by panendoscopy are
      presented. This represents 10.5% of 180 acute upper-gastrointestinal bleeders.
      Only 36.8% of these 19 patients had a history of heavy ethanol intake and 26% had
      hiatus hernias. In addition to the Mallory-Weiss lesion, abnormalities in 63%
      were noted on endoscopy. None of the patients required surgery for control of the
      bleeding. Two patients were treated with selective arterial-vasopressin infusion.
      The importance of a high index of suspicion for this lesion in spite of the lack
      of a classical alcoholic or recurrent retching history and the value of intensive
      medical therapy, including early panendoscopy, is emphasized.

PMID- 1200010
TI  - Ricinoleic acid: current view of an ancient oil.

PMID- 1200011
TI  - Pancreatic ascites. A case report and review of the literature.
AB  - A case of pancreatic ascites is reported and compared with 55 previously reported
      cases. A 42-year-old black male chronic alcoholic presenting with abdominal pain
      was found at operation to have chronic pancreatitis with no pseudocyst formation
      or overt duct disruption, in contrast to the majority of cases reported. The
      diagnosis and differentiation from cirrhosis of the liver were based on the
      operative findings, elevated serum amylase level, ascitic fluid amylase value,
      and protein content. Surgical exploration alone has proven beneficial--the
      patient has done well in the past 2 years with no recurrence of the ascites and
      continued weight gain. The clinical course was compatible with pancreatitis
      although the radiographic and angiographic studies were not diagnostic. It is
      suggested that the clinical entity of pancreatic ascites occurs more often than
      reported and a workup for it should be done even in the face of unconvincing
      radiographic and angiographic evidence.

PMID- 1200013
TI  - Radiographic and endoscopic features of colonic ulcers in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - The radiographic and endoscopic features of the colonic ulcers during the course
      of a case of systemic lupus erythematosus are illustrated. Barium enema revealed
      the "collar button" type of penetrating ulcers in the left half of the colon and
      endoscopy demonstrated multiple round- or oval-shaped discrete ulcers, so-called
      "punched-out" ulcers with pale mucosa. These findings are compared with those of
      the reported cases of systemic lupus erythematosus and ulcerative colitis.
      Steroid and 6-mercaptopurine therapy was effective in this case.

PMID- 1200012
TI  - Reye's syndrome in an adult.
AB  - Reye's syndrome (fatty infiltration of the liver with encephalopathy) is an
      uncommon disease of children and has not previously been noted in adult patients.
      We present a 25-year-old male who survived this syndrome after presenting a
      stuporous state. Etiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms are considered.

PMID- 1200014
TI  - Endoscopic, radiologic and manometric correlation in small sliding hiatal hernia.
AB  - Of the three methods employed, endoscopy seems to be the most accurate since it
      permits identification of both anatomical structures and serves as a basis for
      interpretation of radiology and manometry. Cardial incisura was the easiest and
      most constantly identifiable structure by the three methods. It must be
      considered as the union between esophagus and stomach. In small sliding hiatal
      hernia, the cardial incisura remains below the diaphragm and the gastric mucosa
      slides up into the chest, resulting in a partial prolapse (hiatal hernia of
      sliding mucosa). This concept would clarify the difference in interpretation of
      the most commonly used procedures in diagnosis of sliding hiatal hernia.

PMID- 1200015
TI  - Pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in acute and chronic gastritis.
      Histological and secretory correlations.
AB  - Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion were determined in 122
      patients with various types of gastritis and in 20 control subjects. All the
      gastritis patients and the control subjects were adult Chinese. The histological
      diagnosis was based on gastric biopsy specimens obtained through a
      fibergastroscope. Statistical analysis of the results in the various histological
      groups of gastritis and controls indicated that chronic superficial gastritis and
      chronic atrophic gastritis are not associated with reduced gastric acid secretion
      in Chinese subjects. In addition, analysis of combinations of the groups of
      patients with various types of gastritis showed no significant difference in the
      mean basal acid output but the mean peak acid output of patients with chronic
      gastritis was significantly higher than that of patients with chronic atrophic
      gastritis.

PMID- 1200016
TI  - Crohn's disease of the colon. V. Retroperitoneal lumbocrural abscess in Crohn's
      disease involving the colon.
AB  - Retroperitoneal lumbocrural abscess occurred in 12 patients of 231 with Crohn's
      colitis or ileocolitis. Although all patients with this complication fell within
      the group of 175 ileocolitis patients, at least four originated in fistulous
      tracts of the colon. Eleven of the 12 abscesses developed spontaneously as the
      first major complication of the disease. The prominent clinical features included
      pain radiating down the thigh, hip joint flexion, difficulty in walking,
      hydronephrosis and hydroureter. Internal and external fistulas were significantly
      more common in the abscess group of 12 patients than in the 219 patients without
      retroperitoneal abscess. Radiological evidence of granulomatous disease was found
      in all patients; fistulous tract formation was characteristic and the development
      of extraperitoneal gas bubbles, in four patients, pathognomonic of abscess with
      gast-forming organisms. In the presence of established retroperitoneal abscess,
      the surgical sequence suggested is drainage synchronous with, or followed by
      diversion and ultimately definitive resection. Resection with anastomosis should
      not be carried out in the presence of an acute inflammatory process with frank
      abscess or free pus communicating with the peritoneal cavity. The spontaneous
      development of retroperitoneal abscess is a serious development in the natural
      history of Crohn's (ileo) colitis. It frequently heralds the first of a series of
      operative procedures to deal with the abscess. It sequels are enterocutaneous
      fistulas and further extension of the disease process.

PMID- 1200009
TI  - Fatty liver: biochemical and clinical considerations.

PMID- 1200017
TI  - Deficiency of secretory Ig-A and intestinal malabsorption.
AB  - A patient under treatment with hemodialysis suffered increasing clinical and
      laboratory evidence of intestinal malabsorption. Jejunal aspirates revealed heavy
      bacterial and mycotic flora within the proximal jejunum. Secretory Ig-A and
      secretory component were present only in trace amounts. The deficiency of the
      generally ubiquitous secretory component is particularaly striking. Oral
      administration of 20-30 ml. colostrum daily reversed not only the clinical
      evidence but also laboratory findings of intestinal malabsorption.

PMID- 1200018
TI  - Postgastrectomy bezoars.
AB  - Sixteen cases of postgastrectomy bezoars were diagnosed and treated in the period
      of five years. Various mechanisms of their information, symptomatology and
      therapy are discussed. We believe postgastrectomy bezoars are relatively frequent
      but often missed entities. Considering the relative frequency of this entity and
      ease of therapy, this condition should not be missed if one is aware of its
      existence.

PMID- 1200019
TI  - The radiology corner. Malignant melanoma of the gallbladder.
AB  - An unusual case of melanoma of the gallbladder is reported. It is the fourth
      reported case with roentgenographic demonstration. It presented clinically as
      cholecystitis and radiologically as a larger solitary defect within the
      gallbladder accompanied by cholelithiasis. It is probably a metastatic deposit
      although no other metastases were demonstrated.

PMID- 1200020
TI  - A controlled prospective study of the effect of endurance training on the
      recurrence rate of myocardial infarction. A description of the experimental
      design.
AB  - A multicenter prospective study has been designed to determine whether
      participation in an exercise program which produces a significant training effect
      will affect the recurrence rate in men who have survived an initial myocardial
      infarction. The control group consists of subjects who participate in a program
      involving low intensity activities designed to avoid a significant training
      effect. The subjects will be followed for a period of 4 years and a reduction of
      50 per cent in the risk of recurrence will be considered clinically significant.
      The criteria for entry, the method of allocation, the structure of the exercise
      program and method of assessing cardiorespiratory fitness are described.

PMID- 1200021
TI  - Epidemiology of lumbar disc lesions in the military in World War II.
AB  - A study was carried out in 1095 first Army hospital admissions for lumbar
      herniation of the nucleus pulposus (HNP) who were individually matched on age and
      period of service during World War II to holders of Army National Service Life
      Insurance policies. For both the cases and the comparison group, data were
      obtained from military records, particularly records of induction into service.
      Factors showing a statistically significant positive association (p less than
      0.05) with admission for HNP in the entire sample and also among enlisted cases
      matched to enlisted members of the comparison group were: occupation of craftsman
      or foreman, married status, rural residence, excess height, excess weight, heavy
      frame, good posture, defects relating to back or legs, military occupation
      specialty of ground combat, and rank of sergeant or staff sergeant. Factors
      showing a negative association with admission for HNP in these same groups were:
      clerical occupation, two or more battle stars earned and officer rank.
      Essentially the same relationships were found among cases with surgically
      confirmed diagnoses of HNP, less than 30 years old at hospital admission, and
      with recent onset of symptoms, when the cases in these groups were compared with
      their matches in the comparison group. Mechanical factors related to body build
      as evaluated by height and weight measurements appear to be of significance in
      the etiology of HNP. Occupational factors also appear to be of importance. Some
      cases and some controls were hospitalized prior to the first hospital admission
      of the case for a disease possibly related to HNP. For that time period there
      were no remarkable differences between cases and controls in service hospital
      diagnoses, including those of trauma.

PMID- 1200023
TI  - Toxoplasma gondii and Coxiella burneti antibodies among Brazilian slaughterhouse
      employees.
AB  - Previous studies have indicated toxoplasmosis and Q fever are potential hazards
      to persons who handle raw meat or who work in slaughterhouses. The prevalence of
      antibodies to T. gondii and C. burneti was studied among 144 employees of an
      abattoir in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, to determine what environmental factors may
      be associated with the occurrence of these agents among persons who handle meat
      but who have not reported having toxoplasmosis or Q fever. Seventy-two per cent
      of the 144 employees were serologically positive to T. gondii and 29% were
      serologically positive for C. burneti. The highest prevalence of antibodies to T.
      gondii (92%) occurred among meat inspectors, who also had a geometric mean titer
      (GMT) of 1400. The prevalence levels of antibodies to T. gondii for employees who
      handled meat in the deboning and sausage departments were 80% and 79% with GMT's
      of 412 and 340, respectively. These levels exceeded the antibody prevalences of
      60% and 65% and GMT's of 168 and 120 for employees who worked with cattle in the
      corrals or who worked on the killing floor, respectively. Conversely, the
      prevalence of antibodies to C. burneti was highest (40%) among employees working
      in the corrals and who were exposed to dust and hides. A similar prevalence of
      antibodies to C. burneti was found in employees on the killing floor (36%
      positive) who were exposed to hides and viscera, but employees handling meat in
      the deboning or sausage section had prevalence levels of 20% and 14%
      respectively. Serologic testing of zebu cattle processed at the abattoir
      indicated that 10% of 124 tested had antibodies to T. gondii and 29% of 156
      tested had antibodies to C. burneti. These levels in cattle are probably adequate
      to expose (and infect) persons who process meat daily. Continuous daily exposures
      to chronically infected cattle may result in sporadic undiagnosed illnesses or
      seroconversions from subclinical infections.

PMID- 1200022
TI  - Some childhood antecedents of drug and alcohol abuse.
AB  - Unsatisfactory intrafamilial relationships and child-rearing practices have
      frequently been implicated as prime determinants of personalities that are
      susceptible to drug and alcohol abuse. Five thousand forty-four US Army soldiers
      were surveyed by anonymous questionnaires. The reported occurrence of a variety
      of activities, events and behaviors in childhood among drug and alcohol abusers
      were compared to non users. Childhood antecedents that were associated with non
      use of illegal drugs and which showed as much as a 20% difference in reported
      occurrence between abusers and non-users of illegal drugs were: spanking, church
      attendance, first alcoholic drink after 15 years, and perceived "happy" parental
      marriage. These associations were found uithin white and non-white groups and in
      subjects with divorced or separated parents. There was no antecedent that showed
      as much as a 20% difference in reported occurrence between alcohol abusers and
      non-users.

PMID- 1200024
TI  - Undiagnosed bacterial meningitis in Vermont children.
AB  - Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in Vermont children under 5 years of age
      was recognized less frequently in 1967-1970 in those towns with low total
      hospitalization rates than in towns with hospitalization rates above 15
      admissions per 100 population. Using the towns with high hospitalization rates as
      a norm, it was found that towns with fewer recognized meningitis cases than
      expected had significantly greater rates of death from obscure causes in children
      1-59 months of age in 1967-1970. It is suggested that about 17 deaths in 1967
      1970 in Vermont children 1-59 months of age were associated with the failure to
      recognize bacterial meningitis in children from towns with low rates of medical
      care utilization.

PMID- 1200025
TI  - Oral polio vaccination of children in the tropics. II. Antibody response in
      relation to vaccine virus infection.
AB  - Poliovirus antibody response rates following the administration of trivalent oral
      polio vaccine (OPV) have been poor in several developing countries. In an attempt
      to determine if poor seroresponse is due to poor rates of vaccine virus "take" or
      due to poor serum antibody response to intestinal virus infection, both vaccine
      virus take and serum antibody response were determined in a group of children
      given two doses of OPV. In the large majority of seronegative children there was
      good correlation between the absence or presence of vaccine virus excretion and
      negative or positive seroconversion, thus showing that the poor seroconversion
      rates were mainly due to poor rates of vaccine virus take. However, as in several
      studies from developed countries showing good seroconversion rates, a few
      instances of antibody response in the absence of detectable virus excretion and
      fewer instances of virus excretion without detectable antibody response were also
      found.

PMID- 1200026
TI  - Oral polio vaccination of children in the tropics. III. Intercurrent enterovirus
      infections, vaccine virus take and antibody response.
AB  - The effect of intercurrent enterovirus infections on host responses to oral polio
      vaccine (OPV) was studied in groups of infants and children who were without
      antibodies to one, two or three serotypes of poliovirus. The prevalence of
      enterovirus infections as detected in fecal specimens collected at weekly
      intervals and inoculated in primary monkey kidney cell culture, HEp 2 cells and
      newborn mice ranged between 60 and 70 per cent. The presence of such infections
      at the time of, 1 week prior to, or during the 3 weeks prior to the
      administration of OPV did not appear to inhibit either vaccine virus take or
      antibody response. However, in both the infected and uninfected children the
      rates of vaccine virus take and seroconversion were found to be considerably
      lower than those reported from several temperate climate countries.

PMID- 1200027
TI  - Chromosome 3 duplication q21 leads to qter deletion p25 leads to pter syndrome in
      children of carriers of a pericentric inversion inv(3) (p25q21).
AB  - Close phenotypic similarity between two cases carrying a rec(3) dup q,inv(3)
      (p25q21), 12 additional infants from the same inv (3)(p25q21) kindred who lived
      less than 1 year, and eight cases studied in other medical centers has led us to
      postulate the existence of a distinct chromosome 3 duplication-deletion syndrome.
      In the presence of trisomy for (3)q21 leads to qter and monosomy for (3)p25 leads
      to pter, the facial dysmorphy is unique: a distorted head shape due to irregular
      cranial sutures, thick low eyebrows, long eyelashes, persistent lanugo, distended
      veins on the scalp, hypertelorism, oblique palpebral fissures, a very short nose
      with a broad depressed bridge and anteverted nares, protruding maxilla, thin
      upper lip, micrognathia, low-set ears, and a short webbed neck. Port-wine stains,
      congenital glaucoma, cloudy corneas, cleft palate and harelip also occur
      frequently. Each infant has difficulty sucking and swallowing. Congenital
      anomalies of the cardiovascular system, of midgut rotation, and of the urogenital
      system are noted for the infants who died neonatally. Most frequent is a
      ventricular septal defect, followed by atrial septal defect, patent ductus
      arteriosus, patent foramen ovale, and coarctation of the aorta. Omphalocele,
      umbilical hernia, hyperplastic kidneys, polycystic kidneys, double ureter, hydro
      ureter, hydronephrosis, and undescended testes often occur. The extremities are
      short in proportion to the length of the trunk. Clinodactyly, coxa valga,
      talipes, and spina bifida are frequently observed.

PMID- 1200028
TI  - A G gamma type of the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin with beta chain
      production in cis.
AB  - In a new subclass of G gamma HPFH which has been detected in a black family, beta
      A chains are produced in cis to the HPFH determinant (the G gamma-beta+ HPFH). No
      other instance of beta chain production in cis to HPFH has been reported. All
      individuals in this family are well even if Hb S is produced in trans to HPFH.
      Genetically, this new subclass requires a slightly smaller deletion in the gamma,
      delta, and beta complex of genes than do other forms of HPFH. It is speculated
      that a subclass (the G gamma-(G gamma A gamma)-beta+ HPFH) in which beta S chains
      are produced in cis to HPFH in conjunction with true beta S genes in trans may be
      responsible for "mild" cases of sickle cell anemia.

PMID- 1200029
TI  - A note on goodness of fit of a population to Hardy-Weinberg structure.
AB  - The test of goodness of fit of a population to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium given
      by Levene [2] and Haldane [1] is valid within a widely accepted recipe for
      testing goodness of fit of a composite hypothesis. The nature of the result of
      Cannings and Edwards [3] is described. The result was shown to be quite different
      than they claimed and, although possible of some interest, not relevant to the
      testing of goodness of fit to Hardy-Weinberg structure.

PMID- 1200030
TI  - Liver alcohol dehydrogenase in Japanese: high population frequency of atypical
      form and its possible role in alcohol sensitivity.
AB  - Electrophoretic and quantitative studies reveal that 85% of Japanese carry an
      atypical liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). The frequency of ADH polymorphism is
      identical with the reported frequency of alcohol sensitivity in the Japanese
      population. This identity in population frequencies points to a causative
      relationship between the two phenomena and suggests that alcohol sensitivity
      might be due to the increased acetaldehyde formation in individuals carrying the
      atypical ADH gene.

PMID- 1200031
TI  - Linkage data on MN and the Hb beta locus.
AB  - A sample of 28 informative families was studied for linkage between Hb beta and
      MN. Values of the neuterized recombination fraction from these and other families
      from the literature excluded a recombination fraction of less than .30 between
      these loci. Our results support different recombination values for males and
      females (theta equals .34 abd .50, respectively). A simple approach to estimate
      the sample size required as well as a study of the relationship between sibship
      size and sample size under conditions of loose linkage are also presented.

PMID- 1200032
TI  - Cytogenetic investigation in a Brazilian population living in an area of high
      natural radioactivity.

PMID- 1200033
TI  - Renal function in gout. IV. An analysis of 524 gouty subjects including long-term
      follow-up studies.
AB  - Renal function studies were performed in 524 gouty subjects, including follow-up
      studies at intervals up to 12 years in 112 of them. In 49 subjects, the
      glomerular filtration rate was less than 70 ml/min and Curate:glomerular
      filtration rate ratio tended to rise as the glomerular filtration rate decreased,
      reflecting a relatively stable urate excretion over varying filtered urate loads.
      The increment in Tsurate:glomerular filtration rate was small with spontaneous
      Purate between 7 and 9 mg/100 ml. It was modest with Purate up to 10 mg/100 ml.
      The increment in Tsurate:glomerular filtration rate became much higher beyond
      Purate of 10 mg/100 ml. Urinary urate levels above 800 mug/min, designated as
      excess urate excretion, occurred more commonly in subjects with Purate above 9
      mg/100 ml, and with better preserved renal function. Tophi were more frequently
      observed in subjects with low glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria; but
      incidence of urolithiasis seemed to be less affected by a decrease in the
      glomerular filtration rate. Hyperuricemia alone had no deleterious effect on
      renal function as evidenced by follow-up studies over periods up to 12 years.
      Deterioration of renal function was largely associated with aging, renal vascular
      disease, renal calculi with pyelonephritis or independently occurring
      nephropathy. In only very few instances was diminished renal function ascribable
      to gout alone.

PMID- 1200034
TI  - Acute interstitial nephritis. A clinical and pathologic study based on renal
      biopsies.
AB  - To define interstitial nephritis without preselection bias, 25 consecutive renal
      biopsy specimens from patients with tubular damage, interstitial damage and
      interstitial inflammation were analyzed in detail. In four patients (all with
      acute renal failure), tubulitis, and interstitial eosinophil and lymphocyte
      infiltration were found, but no glomerular abnormalities. In four others, the
      findings were similar but some glomerular abnormalities were noted. Two patients
      had probable healed interstitial nephritis. The clinical presentation varied from
      transient renal insufficincy to oliguric renal failure. Three of the patients
      with glomerular abnormalities had significant proteinuria. When the 10 patients
      with interstitial nephritis were compared with the other 15 serving as controls,
      striking features in the former group were skin rash, eosinophilia, the absence
      of hypertension and the frequency of administration of penicillin and its
      analogs. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were elevated in three of the
      patients. The striking eosinophilia, interstitial eosinophil infiltration and
      increased IgE levels suggest that allergen-reaginic complexes may be involved in
      the pathogenesis of the lesion.

PMID- 1200035
TI  - Occupational lead nephropathy.
AB  - Among eight subjects suspected of excessive occupational exposure to lead,
      detailed examination of renal function identified abnormalities in four.
      Glomerular filtration rate was less than 87 ml/mim/1.73 m2 in one subject with
      asymptomatic renal failure, and in three subjects with preclinical renal
      dysfunction. In the subject with asymptomatic renal failure, chelation therapy
      increased the glomerular filtration rate, p-aminohippurate (PAH) extraction, the
      maximal PAH secretion rate (TmPAH) and improved proximal tubule ultrastructure,
      despite decreased renal plasma flow. This improvement in PAH transport was
      associated with correction of a proximal tubule defect in tritiated PAH uptake
      detected by section freeze-dry autoradiography of renal biopsy specimens. In
      three subjects, the etiologic diagnosis of lead-induced nephropathy was
      established by exclusion, but tubular dysfunction did not obviously exceed the
      reduction in blomerular filtration. Proximal tubule abnormalities were seen in
      each of the three patients who underwent biopsy. These studies suggest that lead
      nephropathy may be an important occupational hazard in the United States lead
      industry.

PMID- 1200036
TI  - Left atrial transport function in myocardial infarction. Importance of its
      booster pump function.
AB  - After myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure
      (EDP) is higher than mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure because of powerful
      atrial contraction. To evaluate the significane of atrial contraction to left
      ventricular function we studied 10 control (C) patients without cardiac disease
      and 17 patients from three to six weeks after acute myocardial infarction.
      Cardiac catheterization with simultaneous left ventricular diastolic pressure
      (DP) and left ventricular cineangiograms were obtained. Left ventricular volumes
      and pressure were (mean +/- SD): (SEE ARTICLE). Although left ventricular stroke
      volume was lower in the patients with myocardial infarction than in the control
      subjects (46 versus 56 ml/m2), atrial contraction contributed more to left
      ventricular filling during diastole (which is the same as left ventricular stroke
      volume) in the patients with myocardial infarction than in the controls (16
      versus 10 ml/m2). The average atrial contribution to left ventricular end
      diastolic volume was 11.9 per cent (C), 15.4 per cent (MI); to left ventricular
      end-diastolic pressure 20 per cent (C), 38.7 per cent (MI); and to left
      ventricular stroke volume 21.7 per cent (C), 35.1 per cent (MI). Atrial
      contribution to left ventricular stroke volume was 56 per cent in patients with a
      cardiac index less than or equal to 2.0 liters/min/m2 and 31 per cent in those
      with a cardiac index greater than 2 liters/min/m2 (p less than 0.01). Atrial
      contraction contributed 35 per cent to left ventricular stroke volume in patients
      with normal end-diastolic volume and in those with increased end-diastolic volume
      and 10 per cent to end-diastolic volume in patients with increased end-diastolic
      volume (p less than 0.001). In patients with myocardial infarction, atrial
      contraction made a large contribution to left ventricular filling and stroke
      volume irrespective of the type of left ventricular functional derangement that
      was present. The "booster pump" function of the atrium cannot be ignored in
      assessing left ventricular performance.

PMID- 1200037
TI  - Infections in 92 splenectomized patients with Hodgkin's disease. A clinical
      review.
AB  - Infections that occurrred in 92 previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's
      disease were reviewed from the time of laprotomy and splenectomy. Pneumonias
      occurred in nine patients with urinary tract infections in twelve during the
      immediate postoperative period. Severe bacterial infections did not occur in any
      patients during initial radiation therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy (stages I
      through IIIA), initial intensive chemotherapy (stages IIIB and IV) or during
      remission. Severe infections occurred in eight profoundly granulocytopenic
      patients with recurrent Hodgkin's disease. Streptococcus (Diplococcus) pneumoniae
      and Hemophilus spp infections were distinctly uncommon during the remission
      period. Herpes zoster, however, was very common developing in 22 of 92 (24 per
      cent) patients. Predisposing factors to herpes zoster included sex (female more
      than male), therapy (radiation plus chemotherapy more than chemotherapy alone),
      and age (less than 30 years of age more often than 30 to 50 years of age). Severe
      infection was uncommon in these patients except in ascociation with specific
      predisposing factors such as the immediate postoperative state of prolonged
      granulocytopenia associated with recurrent Hodgkin's disease or its therapy.
      Splenectomy per se did not affect either the incidence or the severity of
      infection during this period of 12+ months of observations per patient.

PMID- 1200038
TI  - Unusual echographic manifestations of right and left heart myxomas.
AB  - Although echocardiography has provided a useful noninvasive means for detecting
      cardiac myxomas, the ultrasound manifestations of these tumors may be variable.
      We describe our experiences with unusual echographic features encountered in left
      and right heart myxomas. Thus the left atrial tumor may be manifested
      predominantly by multiple, discrete, linear echoes behind the mitral valve, the
      anterior leaflet of which may exhibit an abrupt mid-systolic posterior movement.
      In right heat myxomatous tumor arising from the septal tricupsid leaflet and
      adjacent interventricular septum, the echographic characteristics include a cloud
      of echoes throughout the cardiac cycle in the right ventricular outflow tract
      which are present in the right ventricle body only during relaxation and are
      anterior to the tricuspid valve in early diastole. Therefore, discrete linear
      echoes may be the principal echographic presentation of left atrial myxoma, and
      special attention should be focused on all areas of the tricuspid valve and right
      ventricle by ultrasound in patients in whom diagnosis of myxoma is suspected.

PMID- 1200039
TI  - Multiple myeloma, cryoglobulinemia and xanthomatosis. Distinct clinical and
      biochemical syndromes in two patients.
AB  - Studies were carried out in two patients with multiple myeloma (immunoglobulin G,
      [IgG], K light chain), cryoglobulinemia and xanthomatosis with clinical features
      and lipid transport abnormalities which were quite different. One patient had
      nodular xanthomatosis and lipemia with delayed triglyceride and apolipoprotein
      removal. In vivo heparin resistance was present and heparin-paraprotein
      interaction was shown in vitro. The lipoprotein removal defect may have been due
      to impaired uptake of the "remnants" of glyceride-rich lipoproteins.
      Abnormalities were found both in primary platelet aggregation and in the platelet
      release reaction. The second patient had diffuse plane xanthomatosis with normal
      lipids. An orange cryoprecipitate contained IgG, beta- and prebeta lipoproteins,
      albumin, carotenoids and about half of the serumcholesterol. Triglyceride
      turnover was normal. These observations show that M-proteins may interfere with
      lipid transport by at least two mechanisms and illustrate the clinical diversity
      of xanthomatous myeloma.

PMID- 1200040
TI  - Hypoglycemia and endogenous hyperinsulinism complicating diabetes mellitus.
      Application of the C-peptide assay to diagnosis and therapy.
AB  - Described here is a patient with insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus in whom
      spontaneous fasting hypoglycemia developed. Endogenous hyperinsulinism was
      considered after the systematic exclusion of other causes of hypoglycemia, and
      this possibility was confirmed by measurement of serum C-peptide reactivity
      (CPR), an indicator of beta cell secretory function. Subtotal pancreatectomy
      relieved the fasting hypoglycemia, and was associated with a marked decline in
      CPR levels. The pancreatic islets showed hyperplasia and the beta cells were
      degranulated.

PMID- 1200042
TI  - Pelvic hemangiopericytoma. Report of 4 patients and review of the literature.
AB  - Review of the literature revealed 42 patients with uterine hemangiopericytoma
      (HPC) and nine with extrauterine tumors. Three additional patients with uterine
      and one with extrauterine are described. The primary treatment should be
      aggressive surgery, but high doses of irradiation and chemotherapy may be of
      benefit in extensive disease or recurrences. The prognosis of uterine HPC is
      better than that of the extrauterine tumors. Cells from the extrauterine tumor
      were grown in tissue culture. The culture consisted of two cell types resembling
      pericytes and endothelial cells. The cells in culture retain most of the
      ultrastructural characteristics of the in vivo tumor.

PMID- 1200041
TI  - Paradoxical glucose-induced hyperkalemia. Combined aldosterone-insulin
      deficiency.
AB  - Severe hyperkalemia associated with spontaneous hyperglycemia as well as with the
      intravenous infusions of glucose occurred in an insulin-requiring diabetic
      patient in the absence of potassium administration, the use of diuretics which
      inhibit urinary potassium excretion or acidemia. Metabolic balance studies
      revealed, in addition to diabets, the presence of isolated aldosterone deficiency
      of the hyporeninemic type. Intravenous glucose infusions (0.5 g/kg body weight)
      produced significant hyperkalemia but desoxycortisone acetate (DOCA) therapy (10
      mg/day) prevented the glucose-induced hyperkalemia. In this patient, the serum
      potassium concentration increases after the intravenous infusions of glucose
      because there is insufficient aldosterone and insulin to reverse the transfer of
      potassium to the extracellular fluid which normally occurs after hypertonic
      infusions of glucose. Although DOCA replacement modifies the distribution of
      potassium in the extracellular fluid and blunts the hyperkalemic effect of
      intravenous infusions of glucose, a rise in the insulin level is required for the
      usual hypokalemic response to intravenously administered glucose. These studies
      illustrate the risk of raising blood glucose levels in patients with combined
      aldosterone and insulin deficiency and the tendency towards hyperkalemia in
      diabetic patients under certain clinical conditions.

PMID- 1200043
TI  - The lymphatic dissemination in endometrial carcinoma. A study of 188 necropsies.
AB  - To more clearly define the biologic activity of endometrial carcinoma, 188 cases
      selected at random were studied at necropsy. In 51 per cent of the cases death
      was attributed to the endometrial carcinoma. Observations demonstrate that
      dissemination is more scattered and less predictable than noted in cervical
      cancer; that the biologic potential is not invariably based on the site of the
      primary lesion, the depth of invasion, or the histologic differentiation.
      Difficulties in performing a thorough examination of the lymphatic system in this
      series include the increased age of the patients and a higher incidence of
      medical diseases and surgical procedures. The reported data illustrate the
      erratic natural history of the disease but do not permit the factual incidence of
      node or organ involvement. However, the potential viciousness of the disease is
      clearly demonstrated.

PMID- 1200044
TI  - Antacids for obstetric patients.
AB  - The aspiration of regurgitated or vomited gastric contents is the most common
      cause of maternal deaths associated with anesthetics, causing an estimated 2 per
      cent of all maternal deaths in the United States. The incidence of aspiration is
      estimated to be one of every 430 patients who undergo cesarean section with
      general anesthesia. The pulmonary complications of aspiration are improved or
      avoided if the pH of the gastric contents is higher than 2.50. The oral
      administration of 30 c.c. of magnesium trisilicate has been shown to increase the
      pH of the gastric contents to above 2.50 in 100 per cent of treated patients,
      whereas only 60 per cent of the control group were found to have a pH above 2.50.
      Oral preoperative or predelivery antacid therapy may help to eliminate the
      morbidity and deaths secondary to aspiration and as such may be an adjuvant to,
      but not a substitute for, the safe management of the obstetric patient.

PMID- 1200045
TI  - Expansion of intravascular volume and fetal outcome in patients with chronic
      hypertension and pregnancy.
AB  - Measurements of blood volume were carried out between 24 and 40 weeks of
      gestation in 20 multiparous patients with chronic hypertension and pregnancy.
      Hypertensive patients had both reduced blood volume and infants of smaller weight
      (p less than 0.01) than nonhypertensive control subjects. There was a significant
      difference (p less than 0.01) in the degree of blood volume expansion in
      hypertensive mothers who were delivered of infants who were adequate for
      gestational age (AGA), term, or premature, compared to those who were delivered
      of infants who were small for gestational age (SGA) or stillborn. Classification
      of chronic hypertension during pregnancy according to the American Committee on
      Maternal Welfare classification or according to severity of the hypertension was
      of no value in identifying the mothers at risk of delivering intrauterine growth
      retarded infants. However, failure in achieving a blood volume expansion of at
      least 60 c.c. per kilogram clearly identified those pregnancies leading to growth
      retardation and fetal death. The decrease or lack of intravascular volume
      expansion was reflected in the presence of creatinine clearance values at
      nonpregnant levels in the mothers who were delivered of SGA infants and in a
      significant reduction below the nonpregnant levels in those who were delivered of
      stillborn infants. These data suggest that measurement of blood volume and
      endogenous creatinine clearance in patients with chronic hypertension and
      pregnancy is a useful parameter in the identification of those patients who will
      have a poor fetal outcome.

PMID- 1200046
TI  - Furosemide action on the creatinine concentration of amniotic fluid.
AB  - Creatinine concentration in the amniotic fluid (A.F.) of pre-eclamptic patients
      without treatment with furosemide was compared to the values obtained in normal
      pregnant women at the same stage of gestation. These values increased
      significantly when a diuretic treatment was started; no correlation was found
      with either maternal serum level or the A.F. volume. Furosemide treatment had no
      significant effect on A.F. volume in the pre-eclamptic group.

PMID- 1200047
TI  - Midtrimester pregnancy termination by intramuscular injection of a 15-methyl
      analogue of prostaglandin F2 alpha.
AB  - Fifty patients between 12 and 20 weeks' gestation were treated with prostaglandin
      15 (S) 15-methyl F2 alpha by repeated intramuscular injection of 250 mug at
      intervals of not less than 2 hours in order to evaluate its efficacy as an
      abortifacient. A success rate of 96 per cent was achieved with a mean initiaation
      abortion interval of 16.5 +/- S.E.M. 1.12 hours. There were no serious
      complications. The most common side effects were vomiting in 82 per cent and
      diarrhea in 66 percent of cases. The abortifacient activity was correlated with
      serial serum progesterone determinations and continuous intra-amniotic pressure
      recordings in selected cases.

PMID- 1200048
TI  - Fetal risk in hyperextension of the fetal head in breech presentation.
AB  - An evaluation of the possible etiologic factors in hyperextension of the fetal
      head in breech presentation and a discussion of management are presented. Our
      seven cases plus a review of the literature led to the conclusion that
      hyperextension of the aftercoming head is a dangerous malpresentation that should
      not be underestimated. For this reason, we strongly suggest an x-ray of all
      breech presentations in early labor, not only to evaluate pelvic adequacy but
      also to determine the attitude of the head. In persistent hyperextension,
      cesarean section is the management of choice.

PMID- 1200049
TI  - Activity of alkaline RNase in placentas of malnourished women.
AB  - Pregnancies were compared in 18 Ecuadorian women of low socioeconomic status and
      11 of high socioeconomic status. Objective evidence of malnutrition was
      demonstrable in virtually all of the women from the low socioeconomic group and
      in none from the high socioeconomic group. Birth weight and placental weight were
      significantly lower in the malnourished group. Nucleic acid and protein content
      of placentas were slightly lower and activity of alkaline ribonuclease was
      markedly elevated. The data reinforce animal studies and demonstrate for the
      first time in human subjects that alkaline RNase activity is increased in
      placentas from malnourished women. We suggest that activity of this enzyme in
      placenta may prove to be a useful marker of maternal and fetal nutritional
      status.

PMID- 1200050
TI  - Influence of ionizing radiation on fetoplacental growth in mice.
AB  - The effects of single doses of 60Co whole-body irradiation were studied in about
      600 inbred primiparous Swiss-Webster mice on gestational day 9, 10, 11, or 12.
      The embryos and their placentas were weighted from day 13 to 18. A reference
      model surveyed the response of the conceptus to varying doses. A significant
      reduction in the fetal wet weight was observed as follows: day 9, 150-175 r.; day
      10, 125-150 r.; day 11, 75-175 r.; day 12, 125-450 r. Beyond the upper-limit
      doses, a high mortality rate was detected, i.e., 64.5 per cent on day 10 at 175
      r. and 63 per cent on day 11 at 200 r. The rapid growth period of the placenta
      extended from day 13 to 15. By this latter stage it had practically reached its
      maximum development. The placental index decreased progressively from day 13 to
      18; however, this index was higher than the control on day 12 in treated animals,
      while lower on day 9, 10, or 11.

PMID- 1200051
TI  - Elevation of the fetal presenting part: A method of intrauterine resuscitation.
AB  - Traditional methods of diagnosing fetal distress have become obsolete. This
      diagnosis should be suggested by fetal heart rate patterns that demonstrate
      recurrent late or severe variable decelerations. Based upon our understanding of
      these patterns, methods of treating fetal distress in utero have evolved. This
      paper presents several cases in which elevation of the fetal presenting part was
      employed in an attempt to improve severe variable decelerations.  It is suggested
      that this might be a salutary procedure when other methods of intrauterine
      resuscitation have failed.

PMID- 1200052
TI  - Initiation of human parturition. II. Identification of phospholipase A2 in fetal
      chorioamnion and uterine decidua.
AB  - In this study, the presence of a phospholipase has been demonstrated in the human
      chorioamnion and uterine decidua. That the chorioamnionic enzyme is of the
      phospholipase A2 type was established by product identification following the
      incubation of the enzyme with either radioactive phosphatidylcholine or
      phosphatidylethanolamine. The potential relationship between the expression of
      the activity of this enzyme and the regulation of arachidonic acid release,
      prostaglandin formation, and the initiation of labor is considered.

PMID- 1200054
TI  - Tubal ligations on general service patients seen by peer-level family planning
      counselors in thirty New York City voluntary and municipal hospitals.

PMID- 1200053
TI  - Rabies exposure during pregnancy.

PMID- 1200055
TI  - Letter: Treatment of dysmenorrhea.

PMID- 1200056
TI  - Letter: Cervical milieu and conception.

PMID- 1200057
TI  - Midtrimester abortion induced by serial intramuscular injections of 15(S)-15
      methyl-prostaglandin E2 methyl ester.
AB  - Midtrimester abortion was successfully induced in 29 of 30 patients with serial
      intramuscular injections of 15(S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin E2 methyl ester (15-ME
      PGE2). The mean abortion time was 9.52 hours; parous patients aborted somewhat
      faster (mean, 8.76 hours) than nulliparous patients (mean, 10.47 hours). Eight
      patients were monitored throughout the abortion procedure and uterine activity
      was calculated and analyzed. Uterine response to a single injection of 5 mug 15
      ME-PGE2 was characterized by the rapid appearance of low-amplitude, high
      frequency contractions accompanied by a rise in intrauterine baseline tonus.
      Uterine activity rose to a mean of 500 Montevideo Units within 40 minutes of the
      initial intramuscular injection of 15-ME-PGE2. The most frequently encountered
      side effect of intramuscular injections of 15-ME-PGE2 was temperature elevation
      of 2 degrees F. or higher, which occurred in 29 of 30 patients. Five patients
      complained of shaking and chills but only five patients had any gastrointestinal
      side effects. From this study it appeared that on a weight-for-weight basis 15-ME
      PGE2 is at least 20 times more potent than 15-ME-PGE2alpha and 1,000 time more
      potent than the naturally occurring PGE2.

PMID- 1200058
TI  - Oral prostaglandin E2 for induction of labor at term. II. Comparison of two low
      dosage regimens.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 was administered orally for induction of labor in 100 normal
      term gravidas with two dosage regimens. The data derived were compared with
      comparable data from gravidas matched with study patients according to prelabor
      cervical preparation and other relevant obstetric and actuarial features.
      Analysis of patterns of cervical dilatation and station vs. time was carried out.
      A dose of 0.5 mg. hourly was found to be effective in inducing labor of good
      quality with minimal side effects, providing a better balance between efficacy
      and adverse reactions than the higher dosage level.

PMID- 1200059
TI  - Low birth weight subsequent to induced abortion. A historical prospective study
      of 948 women in Skopje, Yugoslavia.
AB  - In the fall of 1972, interviews were conducted with 948 Yugoslavian women whose
      first pregnancies had been terminated by induced abortion (222) or delivery (726)
      during 1968-1969. Subjects were indentified from records of the Obstetrics and
      Gynecology Clinic of Skopje University, Macedonia. Subsequent pregnancies were
      studied to determine the relative effects of first-pregnancy abortion or delivery
      on incidences of adverse outcomes. No significant difference were found between
      first-pregnancy aborters and deliverers for subsequent conception rates,
      spontaneous abortions, or low-birth-weight rates. The data suggest that while
      induced abortion of the first pregnancy did not protect against the greater risk
      of low birth weight for a primiparous birth, neither did it increase that risk.
      The high proportion of women who denied their abortion raises questions about
      results of retrospective abortion studies which depend on patient recall.

PMID- 1200060
TI  - Relationships between prenatal medical and nutritional measures, pregnancy
      outcome, and early infant development in an urban poverty setting. I. The role of
      nutritional intake.
AB  - Repeated nutritional assessments were made on 118 low-income women who registered
      at an urban hospital clinic prior to the twenty-eighth week of pregnancy and then
      on 122 comparable women who were provided with protein-mineral supplementation.
      Demographic and background information were obtained. Medical assessments were
      carried out throughout pregnancy, labor, delivery, and the postpartum period. The
      infants were assessed both medically and with Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral
      Assessment Scales. In spite of their low-income status, the subjects did not
      appear nutritionally deprived. Few significant relationships were obtained
      between maternal nutritional intake and measures of maternal or infant medical
      status or infant psychological status. A limited number of consistent
      relationships were obtained when the supplemented and nonsupplemented groups were
      compared. Although consistent infant medical and psychological benefits were not
      noted, mothers in the supplemented group developed fewer parameters of pre
      eclampsia and had fewer complications during labor and delivery.

PMID- 1200061
TI  - Routine pregnancy test on admission to hospital.
AB  - A pregnancy test should be done routinely on all women of childbearing age upon
      their admission to any hospital. Some women do not suspect that they are pregnant
      and some conceal the fact; therefore many pregnancies are interrupted or aborted
      by procedures contraindicated in pregnancy. A questionnaire was sent to all
      hospitals of 200 beds or more in the United States and the replies were
      tabulated. Many do not routinely test for pregnancy.

PMID- 1200062
TI  - Prenatal karyotyping of twins by ultrasonically guided amniocentesis.
AB  - Twins were diagnosed with ultrasound in two women who had been referred because
      of a higher than normal risk of having malformed children. Amniocentesis was
      carried out under the guidance of ultrasound and amniotic fluid from both fetuses
      was removed for diagnostic procedures. Injection of Congo red proved that the
      amniocentesis needle was not re-entering the same amniotic cavity at repeated
      puncture. In both mothers the fetuses were found to be of different sexes.
      Mixture of maternal cells was excluded by means of quinacrine staining, allowing
      evaluation of chromosome markers.

PMID- 1200063
TI  - Intervillous space during uterine contractions in human subjects: an ultrasonic
      study.
AB  - Six patients at term were examined by ultrasound during uterine contractions. The
      length, thickness, and surface of the placental area were found to increase
      during uterine contraction compared to relaxation. The conclusion is drawn that
      during uterine contractions the intervillous space is distended. During uterine
      contraction more maternal blood is available for exchange with the fetal
      compartment.

PMID- 1200064
TI  - Fertility and irradiation: a preconceptional investigation in teratology.
AB  - The effects of preconceptional irradiation on female fertility were investigated
      in six groups of 35 nulliparous Swiss-Webster mice whole-body irradiated with
      single doses of 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, and 300 rads of 60Co. They were mated with
      nontreated males and killed on gestational day 18. The litters were recorded in
      the chronologic order of their occurrence within each group. The percentage of
      pregnancies decreased with the dose, while the prenatal loss increased. Up to 100
      rads, the middle group of pregnancies was devoid of resorptions, fetal death, and
      congenital anomalies, thus giving rise to a "maximum viability enclave." Beyond
      this level those three adverse effects were more or less homogeneously
      distributed over the whole period for which pregnancies were recorded.
      Exencephaly, microcephaly, and eye defects were the most frequent malformations.
      Among other sequelae, hypertrophy of the higher pole occurred in the left kidney
      in the surviving infertile females killed 5 months after treatment.

PMID- 1200065
TI  - Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone during the normal menstrual cycle.
AB  - Six normal women were studied under metabolic balance conditions during the
      menstrual cycle. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone were
      estimated throughout the cycle under standardized, uniform conditions with
      sensitive radioimmunoassays. There is a linear increase in PRA and plasma
      aldosterone during the luteal phase of the cycle provided ovulation occurs. If
      ovulation fails, no rise is seen in either parameter. Thus, a functioning corpus
      luteum seems to be essential for the production of these hormonal changes.

PMID- 1200066
TI  - Effect of intrauterine devices on sperm transport in the human being: preliminary
      report.
AB  - This investigation was designed to determine the effect of the intrauterine
      contraceptive device (IUD) on the early phase of sperm transport. Previously we
      have shown that in normal midcyle subjects the maximal number of sperm recovered
      from the oviducts occurred between ten and 45 minutes after vaginal insemination.
      Four normal subjects, three of whom had IUD's in situ for at least eight months
      (copper T, Dalkon shield, and loop) and one a loop for one month, were studied in
      a similar manner. All subjects were inseminated at midcycle and had bilateral
      abdominal salpingectomies 15 to 30 minutes after insemination. No sperm were
      present in the oviducts of any of the subjects. The results of this study
      indicate that the IUD interferes with sperm transport in the human being.
      Additional subjects are now being studied at different time intervals after
      insemination in order to determine the entire effect of the IUD upon sperm
      transport.

PMID- 1200067
TI  - Effect of contraceptive steroids on serum lipids.
AB  - Serum triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids, and cholesterol were
      estimated in groups of women who were taking either norgestrel, megestrol
      acetate, daily combination tablet, once-a-month pill, or once-a-month injection
      as a method of contraception. These estimations were done prior to and during
      therapy at specific times over a period of 2 years. A significant reduction in
      serum lipids was observed in women taking norgestrel. The women on megestrol
      acetate showed practically no changes. All the lipid fractions were significantly
      elevated in women taking combination pills. Raised serum cholesterol was observed
      in women receiving once-a-month injection.

PMID- 1200068
TI  - Danazol: an antigonadotropic agent in the treatment of pelvic endometriosis.
AB  - Danazol, an antigonadotropic agent, was administered in a dosage of 800 mg. daily
      for six months to 32 patients with pelvic endometriosis. Twenty-eight patients
      (87.5 per cent) were found to have a marked improvement of both clinical and
      subjective symptoms of endometriosis. Furthermore, Danazol was found to be
      effective in three patients with chronic cystic mastitis and one patient with
      fibrocystic disease. There was no change in uterine size in two patients with
      uterine adenomyosis and one patient with uterine myomas during the treatment
      period. Danazol was ineffective in relieving the symptoms of the menopausal
      syndrome in one patient. The main side effects of Danazol treatment were weight
      gain and water retention which were maximal at four months of treatment and then
      decreased. Other side effects such as acne, oiliness of skin, and voice change
      were rare in this series. Danazol therapy was found to be very effective in this
      study for the treatment of pelvic endometriosis, and the drug was well tolerated
      by the patients.

PMID- 1200069
TI  - Chlamydial infection in women with cervical dysplasia.
AB  - The prevalence of antibodies to chlamydiae, particularly to TRIC (trachoma
      inclusion conjunctivitis) agents, was studied in women with cervical dysplasia
      and in women attending selected clinics (obstetrics, cancer-screening, and
      gynecology). In addition, attempts were made to isolate TRIC agents and
      herpesviruses from the cervices of these women. TRIC agent recovery rates 4.1 per
      cent for women with dysplasia, 5.4 per cent for pregnant women, 7.8 per cent in
      the women's clinic, and 0.8 per cent in the cancer-screening clinic. Herpesvirus
      recovery rates were lower, on the order of 1 per cent or less in each clinic.
      Complement-fixing antibodies to chlamydial group antigen were detected in 21.5
      per cent of women with dysplasia. With a more sensitive fluorescent antibody
      method, 77.6 per cent of the women with dysplasia or cervical cancer were shown
      to have antibodies to chlamydiae. In general, antichlamydial antibodies were less
      prevalent in the other clinic populations. The results of this study indicate
      that women with cervical dysplasia or cancer may have a high prevalence of
      antibodies to sexually transmitted agents other than herpesvirus type 2.

PMID- 1200070
TI  - Serum progesterone and serum human chorionic gonadotropin in gestational and
      nongestational choriocarcinoma.
AB  - Serum progesterone was assayed by the competitive protein-binding technique in 20
      cases of gestational choriocarcinoma and one case of nongestational
      choriocarcinoma. Serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was simultaneously
      measured from the same blood samples by the hemagglutination-inhibition
      technique. Serum progesterone in choriocarcinoma ranged from 1.3 to 182.9 ng. per
      milliliter with a mean +/- standard error of the mean of 36.2 +/- 10.2 ng. per
      milliliter. Serum HCG ranged from 0.6 to 1,280 I. U. per milliliter. In 11
      patients with choriocarcinoma, serum progesterone levels were indistinguishable
      from values obtained during the luteal phase of the normal menstrual cycle; six
      patients had values similar to those found in early normal pregnancy and four
      patients with postmolar villous choriocarcinoma had elevated serum progesterone.
      There was a significant correlation between serum HCG and serum progesterone (r =
      + 0.5652, p = 0.005). The significance of these findings is discussed with
      reference to the likely source of progesterone in choriocarcinoma.

PMID- 1200072
TI  - Letter: Human placental lactogen measurements.

PMID- 1200071
TI  - Surgical repair of genital prolapse after hemipelvectomy.
AB  - A patient is presented who had hemipelvectomy for fibrosarcoma of the left upper
      femur, subsequently was delivered of two term infants vaginally, and came to us
      11 years after hemipelvectomy because of genital prolapse. The technical
      difficulties involved in repair and the innovations used to overcome these
      difficulties are discussed. We have been unable to find a report of genital
      prolapse associated with hemipelvectomy anywhere in the English literature.

PMID- 1200073
TI  - Letter: The etiology and prevention of ovarian cancer.

PMID- 1200074
TI  - Letter: Water intoxication associated with oxytocin.

PMID- 1200075
TI  - Histochemical demonstration of lysosomal hydrolase activity in endometrial
      mononuclear cells. I. Normal endometrium.
AB  - Interstitial cell reactivity for lysosomal hydrolases was demonstrated in 67
      endometrial specimens with histochemical techniques. Cyclic changes in the number
      of reactive cells corresponded to the stage of the menstrual cycle. Techniques
      for galactosidase and glucuronidase showed increasing numbers of reactive cells
      through the late secretory stage. Staining for glucosaminidase and nonspecific
      esterase also increased in late secretory endometrium. In contrast, acid
      phophatase activity was biphasic, and that of leucine aminopeptidase remained
      relatively constant. Only minimal interstitial staining was seen in prepubertal
      and postmenopausal specimens.

PMID- 1200076
TI  - Histochemical demonstration of lysosomal hydrolase activity in endometrial
      mononuclear cells. II. Abnormal endometrium.
AB  - The mononuclear cells in the endometrial stoma change in reactivity for lysosomal
      hydrolases during the menstrual cycle. Lymphoid follicles may occur in the stroma
      in any phase of the cycle and have been found in gestational endometrium.
      However, these cells have no significant lysosomal activity. Alterations in the
      endometrium are reflected in modified patterns of activity. Endometritis,
      association with an intrauterine contraceptive device, pregnancy, and
      adenocarcinoma result in increased numbers and staining intensity of mononuclear
      cells. In contrast, no consistent changes were apparent in foci of glandular
      hyperplasia, and decreased staining was seen in atrophic areas of endometrium.
      These data suggest that interstitial mononuclear cells are a sensitive monitor of
      morphologic changes in the endometrium.

PMID- 1200077
TI  - Femoral neuropathy following abdominal hysterectomy.
AB  - Femoral neuropathy occurs too often after abdominal hysterectomy. This study
      investigates possible mechanisms of injury to the femoral nerve and possible
      means of prevention.

PMID- 1200078
TI  - Pregnancy-induced hypertension complicated by acute liver disease and
      disseminated intravascular coagulation. Five case reports.
AB  - Five cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension complicated by acute liver disease
      and DIC are presented. Initial misdiagnosis is described, with appropriate
      laboratory and histologic documentation of the true condition. Specific
      therapeutic recommendations are discussed and pathophysiologic mechanisms are
      suggested.

PMID- 1200079
TI  - Enzymatic differentiation in human amniotic cells.
AB  - Enzymatic study in noncultured amniotic fluid cells from 87 women at different
      stages of pregnancy was performed by electrophoresis. Of these patients, 33 had
      normal pregnancies and the remaining 54 had various complications of pregnancy.
      The electrophoretic patterns of lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-esterase, and acid
      phophatase were altered in samples obtained either at different gestation periods
      or from normal and complicated pregnancies. Malate dehydrogenase and protein
      bands did not show any alteration. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkaline
      phophatase were not detectable. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was detectable
      in samples of complicated pregnancies. The significance of the altered patterns
      of enzymes is discussed.

PMID- 1200080
TI  - Prolactin in normal pregnancy: relationship of maternal, fetal, and amniotic
      fluid levels.
AB  - Serum prolactin was measured simultaneously by a homologous radioimmunoassay in
      92 parturients and their offspring at term, and in maternal serum and amniotic
      fluid during various stages of normal pregnancy. Serum levels of 208 +/- 8 ng.
      per millilter were found in maternal blood; the corresponding levels in the cord
      serum were 354 +/- 14 ng. per milliliter. Prolactin levels in amniotic fluid were
      found to be 2- to 10-fold higher than the corresponding levels of the mothers.
      The possible source of the amniotic fluid prolactin molecule, which is identical
      with the human pituitary molecule, is discussed.

PMID- 1200081
TI  - Lumbar epidural analgesia with bupivacaine in labor. Drug concentration in
      maternal and neonatal blood at birth and during the first day of life.
AB  - Lumbar epidural analgesia with bupivacaine was administered to 33 women for
      relief of pain during labor. At delivery blood samples were drawn from the
      umbilical cord vessels and from a maternal peripheral vein. Blood samples were
      also collected from the noenate and its mother, 1, 4, and 20 hours after
      delivery. Analyses of bupivaccaine concentrations were carried out in all samples
      with a gas-chromatographic technique. The drug concentration in the umbilical
      vein (UV) was usually higher than the corresponding umbilical artery value (UA),
      but with increasing time interval between the last bupivaccaine infection and
      delivery the UA/UV drug concentration ratio rose. After delivery the rate of drug
      decline in blood was similar in mother and newborn infant. The clinical condition
      of the infant was unrelated to the drug concentration in the umbilical cord
      vessels.

PMID- 1200082
TI  - Lack of effect of methyl-ergonovine on postpartum lactation.
AB  - There is little information about the action of ergot derivatives other than
      bromocriptine (CB 154) on plasma prolactin and milk secretion in human beings. In
      a recent report it has been suggested that ergonovine might interfere with
      lactation when administered post partum. The present study shows that methyl
      ergonovine (Methergine), a closely related compound, has no action on prolactin
      or milk secretion as measured in a group of 10 breast feeding mothers in
      comparison with another 10 untreated puerperas.

PMID- 1200084
TI  - The effect of availability and utilization of prenatal care and hospital services
      on infant mortality rates. Summary of the findings of the Louisiana Infant
      Mortality Study. Part II.
AB  - A total of 69,556 birth and 1,541 death certificates from Louisiana, 1972, were
      reviewed. Infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality rates were computed for
      number of prenatal visits, type of hospital of delivery, hospital vs. nonhospital
      delivery, and geographical access to health care. The mortality rates were twice
      as great for infants born outside of hospitals. With no prenatal care, the infant
      mortality rates were between four- and tenfold greater than the rates of women
      receiving more than nine visits even when race, poverty, geography, and birth
      weight were considered. Infant mortality rates were twice as high in the neonatal
      period and three times greater in the postneonatal period among the poor who
      utilized charity hospitals. This study illustrates a method which could be
      incorporated into state vital statistics reports which would detect populations
      at risk of excess infant deaths and would provide a more refined analysis of
      birth and infant death data to monitor improvements in care of high-risk groups.

PMID- 1200083
TI  - The effect of maternal demographic factors on infant mortality rates. Summary of
      the findings of the Louisiana Infant Mortality Study. Part I.
AB  - Birth and infant death certificates for Louisiana in 1972 were matched and
      reviewed to identify groups particularly in need of close medical support and
      counselling during the identify groups particularly in need of close medical
      support and counselling during the life phases of preparation for reproduction,
      gestation, and parenthood. From all recorded birth and infant death certificates
      for 1972 (69,556 birth and 1,541 death certificates) infant, neonatal, and
      postneonatal mortality rates were computed for maternal demographic (intrinsic
      patient physiocal and life-style characteristics) factors including age, race,
      parity by age cohort, education, and legitimacy. Excessive infant deaths were
      found among illegitimate offspring, except in mothers less than 15 years of age
      or nonwhites over 35 years of age; the less educated; those having too many
      children too soon; those of low birth weight; and whites relying on Charity
      Hospitals. An increased mortality rate was seen with nonwhites and with the
      younger and older mothers.

PMID- 1200086
TI  - Vaginal evisceration.

PMID- 1200085
TI  - Cardiovascular changes associated with fetal breathing.
AB  - Studies were carried out on seven fetal lambs, 3 to 1 weeks prior to the expected
      date of delivery to determine if, during fetal breathing, cardiovascular events
      were similar to those described as occurring with respiration after birth. The
      following changes were observed; (1) a slight decrease in pressures with the
      initiation of the rapid inspiratory movements followed by: (2) a marked elevation
      of the systolic and diastolic pressures; (3) a cyclic variation characterized by
      a fall in arterial pressure with inspiration; (4) a variable acceleration of the
      heart rate; and finally, (5) a typical respiratory arrhythmia. These findings
      demonstrated that, during fetal respiratory movements, there are some
      cardiovascular changes which are specific to this period of life. There are other
      changes which are identical to what has been observed after birth. These latter
      cardiovascular changes imply that the endotracheal pressure variations are the
      reflection of authentic inspiratory movements under the influence of the central
      nervous system.

PMID- 1200087
TI  - Congenital dislocation of the hip as a cause of malpresentation during labor.

PMID- 1200088
TI  - Abruptio placentae complicated by retinal artery thrombosis.

PMID- 1200089
TI  - Neonatal cord injuries.

PMID- 1200090
TI  - Granulomatous oophoritis due to Schistosoma mansoni.

PMID- 1200091
TI  - Letter: Abdominal hysterectomy for surgical sterilization in the mentally
      retarded.

PMID- 1200092
TI  - Ocular manifestations of Gaucher's disease.
AB  - A 27-year-old woman not only had the usual clinical and laboratory features of
      the adult form of Gaucher's disease but also had typical pingueculae and a
      peculiar lesion with a pigmented temporal edge in the fundus of her left eye.
      Bone-marrow aspiration demonstrated infiltration by Gaucher's cells and a biopsy
      of the conjuctival masses disclosed areas of infiltration by Gaucher's cell
      beneath normal epithelium.

PMID- 1200093
TI  - Rhabdomyoma of the orbit.
AB  - To our knowledge, this is the first fully documented case of an adult-type
      orbital rhabdomyoma in an 8-year-old white boy, which originated in the belly of
      the medial rectus muscle and grew into the anterior orbit to incorporate the
      trochlea. Incomplete excision resulted in recurrence; the lesion was
      misinterpreted as a rhabdomyosarcoma and exenteration was performed. The patient
      was free of disease 25 years later. Reexamination of original pathologic material
      showed the typical histology of an adult-type rhabdomyoma. Adult-type
      rhabdomyoma, the most differentiated tumor in a spectrum of benign and malignant
      striated muscle neoplasms, should be distinguished from fetal rhabdomyoma (also
      benign) and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, the malignant striated muscle tumor
      most likely to be confused with rhabdomyoma. An awareness of the benign nature of
      rhabdomyoma (rhabdomyoma never evolves into a sarcoma) should prevent unnecessary
      radical surgery. The tumor can be adequately managed by a local excision that
      includes all the lobulations of tumor within a margin of normal tissue.

PMID- 1200094
TI  - Surgical revision of the upper eyelid fold.
AB  - We performed surgery on 107 patients primarily with blepharoptosis and eyelid
      fold abnormalities, between 1973 and 1974. Production of an eyelid fold at the
      time of an initial blepharoptosis procedure should be a primary goal. Lack of a
      distinct symmetrical upper eyelid fold constituted a cosmetic blemish and
      necessitated revision.

PMID- 1200095
TI  - Rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit in the newborn.
AB  - A full-term black boy had a 2- to 3-cm, round, bluish mass on his right lower eye
      lid at birth, later diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma. It was cystic in nature and
      extended into the nasal cavity. The tumor was initially classified as
      neuroblastoma. The child died eitht months later and necropsy report confirmed an
      original ophthalmologic pathology diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

PMID- 1200096
TI  - Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma of the orbit.
AB  - Comparison of the clinical and pathologic features of two orbital leiomyomas, two
      leiomysarcomas, and one embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma showed the leiomyomas occurred
      in young individuals and the leiomyosarcomas in older patients. The
      histopathologic diagnosis rested on the intense cytoplasmic eosinophilia and
      nostriated longitudinal cytoplasmic filaments demonstrated by means of the
      trichrome stain. The leiomyosarcomas disseminated 15 months and seven years after
      their orbital presentations. The treatment of both leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma
      is surgical. Leiomyomas are encapsulated growths that may have small satellite
      nodules projecting from the main tumor mass; thus, a margin of normal tissue
      should also be excised, lest a small lobulation be left behind to serve as the
      seed for a late recurrence. Once the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma has been made,
      and no evidence of metastasis has been found after a thorough systemic
      evaluation, the orbit should be exenterated, because the tumor is unencapsulated
      and liable to widespread dissemination. Rhabdomyosarcoma has a much more
      fulminant course than leiomyosarcoma, and especially more so than that of
      leiomyoma of childhood. The histopathologic diagnosis of a malignant smooth
      muscle tumor in a child should always be questioned, since embryonal
      rhabdomyosarcoma is a much more likely diagnosis.

PMID- 1200097
TI  - Retinal hemorrhages in posterior vitreous detachment.
AB  - Detachment of the posterior vitreous can cause clinically significant retinal
      hemorrhage. Two patients with acute posterior vitreous detachment had massive
      retinal hemorrhages overlying the optic disks. These absorbed in time without
      sequealae. A third patient had numerous small blot hemorrhages scattered near the
      optic disk and macula. A fourth patient presented with a small macular hemorrhage
      causing temporary visual loss. All patients had moderately severe myopia and were
      in good health without hypertension or diabetes. There was no history of trauma
      or Valsalva maneuver. Hematologic and coagulation studies were normal. These
      cases indicate that retinal hemorrhages due to posterior vitreous detachment may
      be strikingly large, multiple, and, when involving the macula, cause temporary
      visual loss.

PMID- 1200098
TI  - Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with hyperornithinemia.
AB  - A case of gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina and hyperornithinemia in a 28
      year-old man was subjected to extensive clinical and biochemical investigation.
      The familial occurrence of the ocular disease and of abnormality of amino acids
      was unique to this patient, being absent in parents and siblings. He presented
      with progressive visual loss, and had cataracts and large areas of peripheral
      lacumar atrophy. Clinically there was no other abnormality. However, he was
      hyperuricemic and had an abnormal electroencephalogram. Despite otherwise normal
      biochemical indices  of hepatic, renal, and muscle function, selective
      catheterization of an artery, the hepatic vein, the renal vein, and a deep
      forearm vein showed all of these circulatory beds to be producing ornithine
      according to arteriovenous difference measurements. Cerebrospinal fluid and urine
      contained increased amounts of ornithine. Though electromyography was normal a
      muscle biopsy specimen was abnormal. Clinical tests including arginine loading,
      glucose tolerance testing, and other measurements of blood variables provided
      inferences as to the metabolic locus of the abnormality. The syndrome is a
      systemic multiorgan disorder in which the choriod and retina would appear to be
      target organs and the hyperornithinemia to be of as yet undetermined cause and
      pathogenic significance.

PMID- 1200099
TI  - Histologic localization of sodium fluorescein in human ocular tissues.
AB  - We studied the distribution pattern of sodium fluorescein in human eyes
      microscopically. The ciliary body showed early and diffuse leakage, with staining
      of the basement membrane of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium, indicating
      movement of fluorescein from the ciliary body into the aqueous humor. After five
      minutes the iris stroma stained with fluorescein, probably from the aqueous
      humor. The retinal vessels and retinal pigment epithelium were impermeable to
      fluorescein. Corresponding to the background fluorescence seen in fluorescein
      angiography, fluorescence was present in Bruch's membrane and in the stroma of
      the inner one third of the choroid. Drusen stained most intensely in areas of
      greatest PAS positively. Early fluorescence of the optic disk was the result of
      intravascular perfusion of the dye. Minimal diffusion of fluorescein from the
      fenestrated choroidal vessels across the border tissue of Elschnig into the
      peripheral optic nerve bundles was observed. Late fluorescene of the optic disk
      was due mainly to fluorescein staining of the lamina scleralis and glial columns.

PMID- 1200100
TI  - Xerophthalmia and anterior-segment blindness among preschool-age children in El
      Salvador.
AB  - A countrywide prevalence survey of 9,508 children was conducted in El Salvador to
      determine the prevalence of anterior-segment abnormalities and magnitude of
      clinical vitamin A deficiency. Thirty-six children had corneal opacities, 56% of
      them secondary to trauma. Such traumatic corneal opacities were 19 times more
      frequent among urban than rural children, 57.6 vs. 3.1 per 1,000. Keratomalacia
      accounted for only 8% of all corneal opacities, and for one (and possibly two) of
      the five cases of bilateral anterior-segment blindness encountered. The
      prevalance of Bitot spots and vitamin-A-related corneal opacities was 5.3 and 3.2
      per 10,000, respectively. There are an estimated 43 new surviving cases of
      vitamin-A-related corneal opacities in the country each year, one third of which
      result in bilateral blindness. Fifteen percent of all children examined had
      grossly purulent conjunctivitis.

PMID- 1200101
TI  - Mass distribution of vitamin A and the prevention of keratomalacia.
AB  - A retrospective review of 3,490 adminissions to the major pediatric facility in
      El Salvador was undertaken to determine whether biannual administration of
      massive doses of vitamin A (200,000 international units) to all availabel 1- to 4
      year-old children was effective in preventing keratomalacia. During the 12 months
      preceding and following initiation of the program, the number of children
      admitted with presumed vitamin-A-related corneal destruction (33 vs. 31) and
      proportion of all malnourished admissions with such destruction (26 vs. 25 per
      1,000) were similar. The seasonal distribution of these cases remained unchanged,
      the usual summer peak closely following the first distribution. Unexpectedly, 48%
      of the children had been ineligible for participation in the program, the vast
      majority being under 1 year of age. Only 80% of eligible children had actually
      received the vitamin. Corneal destruction was invariably accompanied by severe,
      generalized malnutition. Mortality among girls with corneal destruction (28 per
      1,000) was almost three times that of boys, or malnourished patients as a whole.

PMID- 1200103
TI  - Simplified no pressure eyelid retractor for cataract surgery.
AB  - A simle, inexpensive, individual, solid blade eyelid retractor has not contact
      with the globe, produces no pressure on the globe, and eliminates the eyelashes
      from the operating field.

PMID- 1200102
TI  - Temporary blindness after cosmetic blepharoplasty.
AB  - A patient who underwent a cosmetic blepharoplasty suffered a retrobulbar
      hemorrhage with no light perception deception detected when the dressing was
      removed two hours postoperatively. Opening the incision site led to the complete
      return of visual acuity and ocular motility and relief of the proptosis. The
      rebleeding of cauterized blood vessels may have caused the retrobulbar hemorrhage
      and seems to be a potential problem in all cosmetic blepharoplasties. Eliminating
      the use of postoperative bandages may prevent blindness after cosmetic
      blepharoplasty since it allows early detection of a retrobulbar hemmorrhage. This
      allows the nurse to check the patient for loss of vision and proptosis at ten
      minute intervals for the first two hours after surgery so immediate treatment can
      be implemented if retrobulbar hemorrhage and central retinal artery occlusion
      occur.

PMID- 1200104
TI  - Letter: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1200105
TI  - Letter: Raeder's syndrome.

PMID- 1200106
TI  - Letter: Controlled clinical trials in the treatment of macular disease.

PMID- 1200107
TI  - Ocular findings in Niemann-Pick disease.
AB  - Light and electron microscopic studies of the eyes of a 3 1/2-year-old girl who
      died of Niemann-Pick disease disclosed accumulation of intralysosomal lipid
      material in all cells other than those that were pigmented. The nonpigmented
      layer of the ciliary process and the ganglion cells of the retina were especially
      involved. Electron microscopy revealed two main types of lipid cytosomes. The
      presumptive explanation for this finding is that the metabolism of the stored
      material in neurons differs from that in other cells. Topographic and structural
      studies of the pathologic pigment epithelium suggested that pigmented cells show
      storage material either when they are in intimate contact with affected cells or
      when the enzyme defect interferes with the catabolism of the outer segments.

PMID- 1200108
TI  - Suppressive processes in binocular vision: ocular dominance and amblyopia.
AB  - Recent suggestsions linking suppression observed in amblyopia ex anopsia with
      that manifested in normal ocular dominance coordinations were experimentally
      tested. Training procedures which normally alleviate functional amblyopic
      suppression were shown to have similar results in alleviating the suppression of
      the nondominant eye in visually normal observers. Methodological and theoretical
      implications of these results are discussed.

PMID- 1200109
TI  - The subjective quality (SQF) of Bausch and Lomb SoflensTM.
AB  - The visual acutiy of a person is examined in terms of his response to a unique
      target. This target is a sequence of black bars on a white background, where the
      spacing of the bars and their width is governed by a log periodic function. The
      generation of these targets is performed by a PDP-8 computer connected to an  X-Y
      plotter. There are six sets of bars which vary in contrast and frequency. In a
      clinical situation, an observer notates the position where he can no longer
      resolve the bar pattern. A recroding of these positions produces a Subjective
      Quality Function (SQF) curve for the individual. On fitting with soft contact
      lenses, a new SQF curve is generated. A comparison of the SQF for soft lenses
      with that for spectacle corrections is given.

PMID- 1200110
TI  - Complex binocular interaction and other effects in the visual evoked response.
AB  - One article dealing with some of the research on binocular interaction effects
      being carried out in our laboratory has appeared previously in this Journal
      (White and Bonelli). In that study, it was found that the amplitude of the
      visually evoked cortical potential (VER) produced by patterned stimuli viewed
      with both eyes was directly related to the quality of the retina image.
      Furthermore, the degree of binocular summation shown by the VERs was also related
      to image quality, with marked summation occurring when sharply focused patterns
      were presented but much less evidence of it when the patterns were blurred. In
      that study the retinal images were reasonably similar, since the degree of blur
      desired was produced by placing ophthalmic lenses of equal strength before the
      two eyes. The next situation we decided to test was that in which the images
      presented to the two eyes were not of the same quality. This paper will deal
      briefly with some work we have done on that topic, and will also present some
      other examples of work dealing with binocular interaction and related topics.

PMID- 1200111
TI  - The psychological differentiation of male myopes and nonmyopes.
AB  - A comparison of 140 male myopes and 118 male nonmyopes of the entering class of
      Virginia Military Institute cadets in 1968 demonstrated that there are a number
      of Strong Vocational Interest Inventory test items which will clearly
      differentiate myopes from nonmyopes so that it is possible to identify 76% of the
      individuals falling into either class on the basis of a stepwise discriminant
      analysis based almost entirely on the Strong Vocational Interest Blank. The items
      which discriminate in favor of the myopes are essentially those which require
      academic achievement and individual creative performance, whereas the items which
      are in favor of the nonmyopes are those which require business and selling skills
      as well as outdoor types of activities. Further, the myopes are significantly
      more likely to achieve officer status and win more academic awards than the
      nonmyopes.

PMID- 1200112
TI  - Deposits on hydrophilic lenses: differential appearance and clinical causes.
AB  - Deposits on hydrophilic lenses are classified as to appearance and etiology. One
      readily identifiable type results from using nondistilled water to ascepticize
      the lens while another is the result of tear film components not properly cleaned
      off the lens. Clinical inspection can differentiate the types and aid in
      preventing reocurrence.

PMID- 1200113
TI  - Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases.
AB  - The purpose of this review is to keep the optometrist informed as to the latest
      developments in the field of Ophthalmology. Papers reviewed are, almost
      exclusively, those published between Oct. 1st, 1973 and Sept. 30th, 1974.
      Emphasis will be placed on signs and symptoms of the disorders which are helpful
      in their detection or confirmation. No rare disorders will be discussed and
      although the literature has been especially rich in single cases this past year,
      they have been, for the most part, omitted from this review. Thus, to an
      ophthalmologist, the selection may appear arbitrary and incomplete. For purposes
      of reviewing, as in previous years, diseases reviewed are divided into non
      infectious and infectious. Infectious diseases are grouped according to the organ
      system or the system function predominantly affected, including hereditary and/or
      congenital diseases. The infectious diseases are grouped as to the causative
      pathogenic organism.

PMID- 1200114
TI  - Possible adverse effects from local anesthetics and the treatment of these
      reactions.
AB  - Adverse drug reactions are potentially serious and are becoming increasingly
      common. Although optometrists employ only a limited spectrum of drugs they may
      encounter such reactions among their patients. There is always a risk that a life
      threatening situation will develop in a pateint quite apart from the use of any
      drugs. An optometrist as a member of the health-care team must be competent to
      provide first-aid if an emergency occurs. Tables are provided listing possible
      reactions to topical anesthetics with the usual signs and the preferred
      treatment. Optometrists are reminded that many of these treatments are the
      responsibility of physicians. Optometrists should be prepared to provide
      artificial respiration and external cardiac massage and should plan in advance
      how they will obtain additional assistance if an emergency occurs in their
      office.

PMID- 1200115
TI  - Critical flicker frequency and the Pulfrich phenomenon.
AB  - The critical flicker frequency and the Pulfrich stereophenomenon were both used
      to investigate the long term effects on temporal resolution and visual latency of
      wearing a tinted lens in front of one eye for a period of five days. The results
      obtained from three subjects showed that in every case the critical flicker
      frequency was depressed by the tinted lens and displayed no adaptive recovery,
      but the Pulfrich effect displayed a reduction of apparent depth in the median
      plane indicating the presence of an adaptive recovery. It is postulated that the
      CFF indicates that the physiological transmission of the visual signal is
      unaltered over the the five days and the Pulfrich adaptation occurs due to an
      alteration of the interpretation of the unchanged visual response. That is, the
      adaptation is a perceptual rather than a physiological one.

PMID- 1200116
TI  - A theoretical analysis of off-axis streak retinoscopy.

PMID- 1200117
TI  - Bifocal control of myopia.
AB  - Forty-three native American bifocal wearers grouped by yearly age levels from 9
      to 15 with a mixed group of 6 to 8 year olds are matched on beginning age, sex,
      beginning refractive error and ending age with 83 Native American control
      subjects. Similarly 226 Caucasian bifocal wearers are matched on the same
      criteria against 192 control subjects. Although the comparisons are made on each
      age group, the average annual rate of progression for the bifocal Native American
      subjects is -0.12 and -0.10 diopters in the right and left eyes respectively
      against a comparable rate of progression of -0.38 and -0.36 diopters for the
      control subjects. These differences are significant but not as significant as
      those found on the Causcasian subjects of -0.02 and -0.03 diopters right and left
      eyes against -0.53 and -0.52 diopters for the controls.

PMID- 1200118
TI  - An alternative to the Drop Ball Test for the measurement of ophthalmic glass
      fracture resistance.
AB  - The Drop Ball Test (DBT) has some distinct disadvantages both as a standard
      measurement for ophthalmic lens fracture resistance and as a research tool. The
      Static Test (ST) was devised to allow a load and enzrgy analysis of the DBT and
      enable more rapid and accurate testing of large ophthalmic lens samples. It was
      found that over 50% of the energy generated in the DBT is absorbed by the lens
      mount instead of the test lens. This means that the standard DBT height of 50
      inches is more an indication of DBT components than lens fracture resistance.
      Static testing of non-tempered, heat tempered and chemically tempered lenses
      correlated well with former DBT studies. The ST, however, allowed lens fracture
      resistance to be represented in pounds-load, a value better understood
      practically and mathematically.

PMID- 1200119
TI  - Primary health care - the role of optometry.
AB  - Optometrists, like all health care providers, should emphasize primary or
      preventive care. To provide this care optometrists must be aware of the risk
      factors for major causes of mortality. As an example, the risk profile for a
      white male age 45 to 49 years is given and discussed. Suggestions for primary
      vision care and detection of major risk factors by optometrists are also
      presented.

PMID- 1200120
TI  - Functional asymmetries of the human visual system as revealed by binocular
      rivalry and binocular brightness matching.
AB  - Two techniques, a binocular rivalry task and a binocular brightness matching
      task, were designed to yield indices of asymmetry (relative dominance weights)
      for the two eyes, the crossed and uncrossed visual pathways, and the two cerebral
      hemispheres. Twenty subjects with normal vision were run on all conditions.
      Intercorrelations of the dominance weights obtained by the two methods showed no
      relationship between the two methods, but produced three hypotheses about visual
      functioning: (1) the left hemisphere appears more dominant for rivalry; (2) the
      right hemisphere appears more dominant for brightness matching; (3) the uncrossed
      visual pathways are dominant over the crossed pathways in the binocular rivalry
      task.

PMID- 1200121
TI  - Hydrophilic lens effects on central and peripheral corneal thickness and corneal
      topography.
AB  - Hydrophilic lens wearing causes an almost evenly distributed central and
      peripheral corneal thickness increase which  is virtually eliminated when gas of
      100% oxygen tension is passed over the anterior corneal surface. There is little
      corneal topography change associated with this thickness increase.

PMID- 1200122
TI  - Variation of visual acuity with soft contact lenses: a function of luminance.
AB  - The relationship between visual acuity and luminance with soft contact lenses,
      compared with the same one obtained with glasses or the naked eye, shows that
      acuity decreases at the same rate as luminance is reduced. This result differs
      from what had previously been found in comparing acuity with hard contact lenses
      and glasses. In the present case, soft lenses conform to the aspherical curvature
      of the cornea, and therefore the eye wearing soft contact lenses is not  affected
      by spherical aberration, as in  the case of hard contact lenses. At the outset,
      soft lenses produce a somewhat lower visual acuity but with adaptation, acuity
      improves and becomes equal or better, as evinced by measurements made after three
      months of wear.

PMID- 1200123
TI  - Contact lens induced filamentary keratitis.

PMID- 1200124
TI  - Bifocal contact lenses today.
AB  - Bifocal contact lenses produced today are far from perfection; however, there are
      several different types produced, one of which should work out for most
      presbyopic patients who can be successfully fit with single vision contact
      lenses. This paper looks at the products we have available now. It is not
      designed to be a cookbook that the optometric practitioner can follow from A to Z
      and come up with the ideal contact lens bifocal fit. It is pointed at making the
      optometrist aware of the growing population of contact lens wearers that the
      health professions are now creating, and a resume of the products and fitting
      techniques now available to the eye care field.

PMID- 1200125
TI  - Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelids and/or adnexa in the aged.

PMID- 1200126
TI  - Computerized analysis of the image quality of the human eye with optical aids.
AB  - Spot diagrams are computer generated by skew ray tracing for a model of the human
      eye which is corrected by means of a contact lens and spectacle lens. An
      examination of the images of a point source of light at 0 degrees and 20 degrees
      off the optical axis of the eye-lens system are shown. For the correction of
      aphakia, the performance of the contact lens is shown to be superior in off-axis
      optical performance.

PMID- 1200127
TI  - Visual resolution in congenital pendular nystagmus.
AB  - For all cases of idiopathic congenital nystagmus visual acuity is reduced. This
      paper describes the analysis of such a system using some psychophysical methods
      of evaluation. Both the pattern and movement detecting responses are considered
      and discussed. Both of their sensitivities are found to be reduced by equivalent
      amounts. Future studies are outlined.

PMID- 1200128
TI  - The endpoint of laser speckle pattern meridional refraction.
AB  - Motion of the speckle pattern observed by an ametrope viewing laser light
      reflected from a rotating cylinder with a matte surface is discussed.
      Mathematical expressions are derived for the apparent speed and direction
      (angular velocity) of the pattern when spherical neutralizing lenses are put in
      place and conditions for an endpoint appropriate for meridional refraction are
      discussed.

PMID- 1200129
TI  - The effects of external ocular irritation on intraocular pressure.
AB  - Riot control agents (tear gases) cause intense eye irritation and reflex
      squeezing of the eyes. The intraocular pressure under these circumstances is
      unknown but animal and human studies of ocular irritation and forces acting upon
      the eye indicate a transient increase in intraocular pressure which is not
      necessarily detrimental to vision.

PMID- 1200131
TI  - Errors in space perception due to accommodative retinal advance.
AB  - Accommodative retinal advance may be defined as the forward shift of the entire
      retina from contracture of the ciliary muscle in accommodation. The anterior
      border moves forward 0.5 millimeters at maximum accommodation, with an
      asymmetrical distoriton of the image of space. It is as though the retinal image
      is projected on a thin sheet of rubber pulled out on three sides, the fourth
      being fixed by attachment to the optic nerve. Accommodative retinal advance
      explains some puzzling errors of space perception described in dozens of papers
      and monographs, usually attributed to unequal crowding of retinal receptors, or
      the mystical upper cerebral activity. The horopter error, the alley error, and
      the Aubert-Foerster phenomenon are discussed. Credit is given to those early
      experimenters whose theories have been confirmed.

PMID- 1200130
TI  - The design and prescription of multifocal lenses for civil pilots.
AB  - The aging (presbyopic) pilot has difficulty with near vision which can be a
      serious problem in the cockpit because of the complexity and uniqueness of his
      visual tasks. Numerous individual studies have been reported, but the aviation
      industry and vision care professionals do not have available to them a set of
      guidelines to permit the optimum fitting of spectacles for civil aviation pilots.
      In this study the cockpit vision environment was studied in ten contemporary
      aircraft. Twenty-five pilots of seven of these aircraft types participated in a
      spectacle design study. Experimental spectacles were designed for each pilot and
      evaluated for performance. Problems of pilot acceptance of reading aids, custom
      designing to the geometry of a given aircraft, balancing of the visual gains from
      complex designs versus difficulties in use and manufacture have been analyzed.
      Results of this study should be of value for human factors engineering, vision
      testing and accurate prescription for the presbyopic pilot.

PMID- 1200132
TI  - The validity of the bichrome (Duochrome) test.

PMID- 1200133
TI  - Myotonia and block of chloride conductance by iodide in avian muscle.
AB  - Immature chickens and adult pigeons whose drinking water contained 3% KI for 1-
      10 days developed myotonia, characterized by stiffness on sudden movement and
      abnormal repetitive firing of skeletal muscle fibers. Component resting membrane
      conductances, excitability, and membrane potentials of biventer cervicis muscle
      fibers from adult pigeons were measured in vitro at 38--39degreesC. Fibers from
      iodide-treated pigeons in normal solution and fibers from untreated pigeons in I-
      containing solution (15--120 mM) responded repetitively to electrical and
      mechanical stimulation. Resting anion conductance (Ganion), assumed to be the sum
      of C1- and I- conductances, of fibers from iodide-treated pigeons decreased
      nonlinearly from 2,565 to 266 mumho/cm2 when the bath concentration of I- was
      increased from 0 to 120 mM. Potassium conductance was assumed constant at 577
      mumho/cm2. Ganion of fibers from iodide-treated pigeons was 50% of control and
      equaled that of untreated fibers in 15 mM I- containing medium. Reduction of the
      stabilizing Ganion and increased mechanical responsiveness can account for the
      iodide-induced myotonia in birds.

PMID- 1200134
TI  - Microvascular control in intestinal mucosa of normal and hemorrhaged rats.
AB  - The mucosal microcirculation in innervated and denervated small intestine was
      studied using anesthetized rats. Denervation did not cause significant (P greater
      than 0.05) diameter changes in the precapillary vasculature; however, venules did
      constrict significantly. These results indicate minimum neural control in the
      precapillary vasculature during the resting state. The innervated precapillary
      vasculature constricted during both the carotid occlusion reflex and hemorrhagic
      hypotension. The diameter of the denervated precapillary vasculature was
      unchanged during the carotid occlusion reflex and dilated during hemorrhage. The
      responses of innervated and denervated precapillary vasculatures were attributed
      to increased neural activity and autoregulatory mechanisms, respectively. Neither
      innervated nor denervated venules responded during the carotid occlusion reflex.
      During hemorrhage, however, innervated venules constricted and denervated vessels
      dilated. The vasoconstriction of the innervated vasculature during hemorrhage
      contributed to a stoppage of blood and epithelial detachment; these responses did
      not occur in the dilated, denervated vasculature. Therefore, neural
      vasoconstriction, qualitatively similar to that in normal animals during the
      baroreceptor reflex, is a contributing cause to the vascular and tissue
      impairment in the intestinal mucosa during hemorrhage.

PMID- 1200135
TI  - Induction processes in blood-brain transfer of ketone bodies during starvation.
AB  - Fed and starved rats were studied on successive days during a 5-day starvation
      period. The ability of ketone bodies to pass the blood-brain barrier was
      estimated by single common carotid injections of labeled ketone bodies and water,
      and results were expressed as the ratio between the normalized activities of
      tracers in tissue and blood, the brain uptake index (BUI). BUI of D-3
      hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate decreased as their total concentrations
      increased in the injectate bolus: BUI of D-3-hydroxybutyrate decreased
      significantly from 8% at 0.2 mM to 3--4% at 20.2 mM in fed rats and from 11.5% at
      0.2 mM to 6% at 20.2 mM in starved rats, indicating saturation of the uptake
      mechanism. The BUI of both ketone bodies increased significantly with increasing
      duration of starvation, indicating adaptation to ketonemia. Enzymatic kinetics
      explained the uptake behavior of D-3-hydroxybutyrate in both fed and starved rats
      and involved a rise of Km and Vmax during starvation consistent with a doubling
      of the transport rate at the degree of ketonemia found in starved rats. The
      uptake of glucose was not influenced by starvation or ketonemia.

PMID- 1200136
TI  - Effect of parathyroid hormone secretion on sodium reabsorption by the proximal
      tubule.
AB  - To determine if an increase in the endogenous secretion of parathyroid hormone
      could decrease sodium reabsorption by the proximal tubule, the ionized calcium
      concentration of blood perfusing the parathyroid gland of eight unilaterally
      thyroid parathyroidectomized dogs (TPTX) was reduced by infusion of an isotonic
      sodium citrate plus sodium chloride solution into the blood supply of the
      parathyroid gland. The fractional clearance of phosphate increased significantly
      (+9.3 +/- 2.8 ml/min per 100 ml GFR), while fractional sodium reabsorption by the
      proximal tubule decreased (-.06 +/- .02; P less than .025). In seven normal
      control dogs that received isotonic sodium chloride infusion, neither fractional
      sodium reabsorption by the proximal tubule nor the fractional clearance of
      phosphate was significantly altered. In five bilaterally TPTX dogs that received
      a sodium citrate plus sodium chloride infusion, sodium reabsorption by the
      proximal tubule was not significantly altered. There were no significant changes
      in glomerular filtration rate or renal plasma flow in any of these groups. The
      data demonstrate that alterations in endogenous parathyroid hormone secretion can
      play a significant role in the regulation of sodium reabsorption by the proximal
      tubule.

PMID- 1200137
TI  - Electric pacing of intact and transected canine small intestine and its computer
      model.
AB  - In 10 conscious, fasted dogs with electrodes chronically implanted on the
      intestine, current pulses (8 mA, 50 ms) at frequencies the same as, or faster
      than, that of the natural intestinal pacemaker always entrained pacesetter
      potentials (PP) along the proximal frequency plateau, but not along the distal
      frequency gradient. As duodenal PP's were paced faster, the proximal plateau
      shortened by orad extension of the distal gradient. Entrained PP's propagated
      orally and aborally. Their velocity slowed caudally while varying inversely with
      their frequency. After midduodenal transection had reduced the frequency of the
      natural PP's distal to the cut, pacing entrained PP's in all areas of the bowel
      and restored the proximal plateau and distal gradient. But no area could be paced
      faster than before transection. PP's were not propagated across sites of
      transection. A digital computer model of coupled relaxation oscillators gave
      similar results. We conclude that the frequency of the natural pacemaker and the
      declining gradient of maximal driven frequency determine the frequency pattern of
      the small intestinal PP.

PMID- 1200138
TI  - Ionic requirements of proximal tubular sodium transport. I. Bicarbonate and
      chloride.
AB  - Simultaneous perfusion of peritubular capillaries and proximal convoluted tubules
      was used to study the effect of varying transepithelial ionic gradients on ionic
      fluxes. Results show that net sodium influx and volume flux was one-third of
      normal when bicarbonate was absent, no chloride gradient existed, and glucose and
      amino acids were absent. Addition of bicarbonate to the luminal fluid did not
      restore the flux to normal, but peritubular bicarbonate did restore it. A
      chloride gradient imposed when no bicarbonate was present could only increase the
      fluxes slightly, but his flux was significant even after cyanide had poisoned
      transport. Reversing the chloride concentration gradient decreased the net sodium
      and volume fluxes whether bicarbonate was present or not. Glucose had no effect
      on fluxes, but substitution of Na by choline abolished them entirely. It is
      concluded that sodium is actively transported, that a chloride concentration
      gradient from lumen to plasma could account for up to 20% of net transport, and
      that peritubular bicarbonate is necessary for normal rates of sodium and fluid
      absorption.

PMID- 1200139
TI  - Distal tubular tracer microinjection study of renal tubular potassium transport.
AB  - Renal tubular potassium (K) transfer was studied in rats using a tracer
      microinjection technique in which [14C]inulin and 42K were simultaneously
      injected into early distal tubules during osmotic diuresis. Experiments were
      carried out in 1) animals on a control diet, 2) animals in which K secretion had
      been stimulated (high-K diet + KC1, Na2SO4, Diamox infusions), and 3) animals in
      which K excretion had been reduced by a low-K or low-Na diet or by amiloride. 42K
      excretion into the urine coincided closely in time with the excretion pattern of
      [14C]inulin. Efflux of 42K out of the lumen was stimulated during reduced K
      secretion along the distal nephron and decreased during enhanced K secretion when
      small tubular K loads were given. These experiments demonstrate bidirectional K
      movement across the distal nephron and show that changes in reabsorptive K efflux
      participate in the regulation of tubular net K movement.

PMID- 1200140
TI  - Energy metabolism in kidney of heat-acclimated hamsters.
AB  - Biochemical pathways which are involved in energy metabolism were examined in the
      kidney of heat-acclimated hamsters. It was found that heat acclimation caused 47%
      reduction in glucose-6-phosphatase (G1c-6-Pase) activity and 40% lower rate of
      gluconeogenesis. No changes were found in the activity of hexokinase, glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, lactic dehydrogenase, or in kidney
      glycogen content. Isolated kidney mitochondria of heat-acclimated hamsters
      utilized 15% less oxygen than that of controls, but no differences were found in
      the P/O ratio. Determination of the content of some cytochromes showed a
      significant reduction in cytochromes c + c1, but no difference was found in the
      content of cytochromes a, a3, and b. These results suggest that the kidney plays
      a role in the reduction of energy metabolism during the process of heat
      acclimation.

PMID- 1200141
TI  - 45Ca efflux from anterior byssus retractor muscle in phasic and catch
      contraction.
AB  - Phasic or catch contractions in Mytilus anterior byssus retractor muscle (ABRM)
      were activated by acetylcholine (ACh) and catch relaxation was initiated by 5
      hydroxytryptamine (5HT). During phasic contraction and early in catch there is a
      brief increase in 45Ca efflux. When catch occurs, there is a subsequent drop in
      45Ca efflux which then slowly recovers as catch tension declines. With catch
      relaxation by 5HT there is a biphasic increase in 45Ca efflux, identical to that
      seen when 5HT is applied to resting muscle. Compartment analyses based on the
      magnitude of pairs of these responses at varying times of the washout indicated
      that the increase in 45Ca efflux with activation originates from a compartment
      with the same time constant as the intermediate (80--100 min) compartment already
      described by previous resting efflux experiments. The decrease in 45Ca efflux
      during catch also involves this compartment. The increase in 45Ca efflux with 5HT
      originates from a more slowly exchanging Ca store with a time constant of
      approximately200 min.

PMID- 1200142
TI  - Net calcium fluxes in anterior byssus retractor muscle with phasic and catch
      contraction.
AB  - Calcium in the artificial seawater bathing whole Mytilus anterior byssus
      retractor muscles (ABRM) was measured by a specific Ca electrode under various
      conditions of activation, catch, and catch relaxation. Activation in response to
      ACh was associated with uptake of Ca by the muscles. Phasic contractions produced
      a small Ca uptake; catch contractions produced a larger and sustained Ca uptake.
      After tension relaxation, the muscle lost an amount of Ca roughly equal to that
      gained. Catch relaxation by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) was associated with Ca
      release. ACh at identical concentrations, applied to the muscle for increasingly
      longer times, produced increasing amounts of Ca uptake. Regardless of the
      previous gain of Ca by the muscle, 5HT applied for a constant interval caused
      release of the same amount of Ca. A model for the Ca control system in ABRM based
      on this and previously obtained 45Ca efflux data is proposed.

PMID- 1200143
TI  - Temperature and impulse velocity in giant axon of squid Loligo pealei.
AB  - Impulse propagation velocity as a function of temperature in the range 5-
      20degreesC was obtained by external recording from the giant axon of Loligo
      pealei. The stellar nerve was set into a chamber allowing continuous superfusion,
      temperature control, and double recording of the impulse. Velocity was calculated
      from the interval between the spike peaks. The Q10 of velocity was about 1.8. At
      all temperatures, the velocity increased with time so that only data obtained
      during the 1st h or 2 could be generally considered to be comparable. Impulse
      block occurred below --3.4degreesC, in contrast to the giant axon of L. vulgaris,
      which blocks at about 0degreeC, but at the higher range of temperatures, the
      velocity in the L. pealei axons was not as well sustained as in those of L.
      vulgaris. The expected impulse velocity was calculated from Huxley's stability
      function f(beta) by approximating that function to a fourth-order polynominal and
      by substituting into it suitable ratios of available Q10 values relating to
      membrane conductance, ionic current, capacitance, and axoplasmic resistance. The
      calculation provided an improved fit to published experimental data on L.
      vulgaris. The difference in slope of the log velocity versus temperature plots,
      between the presumably warm acclimatized L. vulgaris and the cold-acclimatized L.
      pealei, was present in both experimental and calculated curves.

PMID- 1200144
TI  - Effects of veratrine on repolarization in the canine right bundle branch.
AB  - Superfusion of Purkinje fibers in the canine right bundle branch with Tyrode
      solution containing veratrine, less than or equal to 1 mug/ml, prolonged
      repolarization phases 2 and 3 and induced a long-lasting negative after-potential
      that ended in some experiments with a slightly hyperpolarized resting
      transmembrane potential. The alterations in repolarization time were reversed by
      washout with veratrine-free Tyrode solution or by adding tetrodotoxin to the
      veratrine-containing Tyrode solution to a concentration of 0.1 and 1 mug/ml. The
      effect of veratrine on the repolarization time was more prominent at slower
      driving rates. Its effect on repolarization of ventricular muscle cells was
      smaller than that on the repolarization of Purkinje fibers. In the concentrations
      used, veratrine did not induce multiple responses.

PMID- 1200146
TI  - Electrical activity of small intestinal smooth muscle and its temperature
      dependence.
AB  - Some important features of the intracellularly recorded electrical control
      activity of rabbit jejunal smooth muscle and its temperature dependence are
      reported in this study. This activity consisted of repetitive 18-mV
      depolarizations (control potentials (CP) or slow waves), which at 37degreesC
      lasted 2 s and had a frequency of 18/min and arose from a membrane potential of -
      55 mV. In some cells periods between CP's exhibited "diastolic" progressive
      depolarizations (intercontrol-potential depolarization), which may be the trigger
      of the CP in driving cells. While CP was usually monophasic, some cells
      persistently exhibited a notch early in the plateau phase. We suggest that CP
      consists of two components, an "initial depolarization" and a "secondary
      depolarization," which are usually fused together to give a monophasic potential.
      Cooling reduced CP frequency and prolonged its duration and caused more cells to
      show notching. While amplitude and rate of CP initial depolarization had low
      Q10's, duration and rates of onset and offset of the secondary depolarization had
      higher Q10's. Thus, the process responsible for secondary depolarization is more
      sensitive to temperature thant that underlying initial depolarization of the CP.

PMID- 1200145
TI  - Arterial pressure-flow relations in the awake standing dog.
AB  - The transient circulatory changes following paced heart rate increase are
      reported from 133 trials with 6 unanesthetized dogs with chronically implanted
      monitoring devices for heart rate, cardiac output, aortic blood pressure, and
      mean right atrial pressure. In 62 trials with 2 of the dogs, pulmonary artery,
      and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, as well as left ventricular dP/dt
      were also studied. The sequence of changes in pressures and flows is analyzed in
      terms of probable underlying mechanisms, particularly with respect to the nature
      of vascular resistances. The rise in aortic pressure and flow during the first 3
      s of paced heart rate increase, before arterial stretch receptor reflexes become
      active, is more consistent with an effective downstream pressure of about 49
      mmHg, presumably at the arteriolar level, than with an effective downstream
      pressure close to 0 mmHg at the right atrial level. In the pulmonary circulation
      where vascular reflex effects are less prominent, the pattern of pulmonary
      arterial pressure and flow for the entire 30 s of observation is consistent with
      an effective downstream pressure of 9 mmHg, presumably at the alveolar or
      pulmonary arteriolar level, rather than at the level of the left ventricular end
      diastolic pressure.

PMID- 1200147
TI  - Electrogenic sodium pumping in rabbit small intestinal smooth muscle.
AB  - Oscillations in the activity of an electrogenic Na pump has been suggested as the
      ionic mechanism underlying the intestinal control potential (slow wave). We
      investigated the electrogenicity of this pump in rabbit jejunal smooth muscle.
      Potassium admission to Na-rich tissues caused a large increase in membrane 
      potential which after 10--20 min decreased toward values comparable with those of
      normal tissues. This hyperpolarization far exceeded EK and could be prevented by
      cooling or by ouabain. No hyperpolarization occurred upon K admission to Li-rich
      tissues in the absence of Na. Thus, the pump in this tissue can operate
      electrogenically. Goldman's equation was modified so as to account for the pump's
      contribution to the membrane potential. Using this equation, the calculated
      contribution of the pump, under normal "steady-state" conditions, is unlikely to
      exceed a few millivolts. It is concluded that although the pump in this tissue
      can be electrogenic, its contribution may be smaller than that required if the
      intestinal control potential resulted from rhythmic turning off and on of the
      electrogenic Na pump.

PMID- 1200148
TI  - Ionic mechanisms of intestinal electrical control activity.
AB  - The effects of inhibition and stimulation of the electrogenic Na pump and of
      altering the ionic environment on the electrical control activity (ECA) were
      studied in rabbit jejunal smooth muscle. Pump inhibition abolished the ECA at a
      time when the membrane potential was more negative than the peak depolarization
      of the control potential (CP). Pump stimulation hyperpolarized the membrane and
      CP's appeared. Their amplitude was initially small and progressively increased as
      the hyperpolarization subsided. Lowering external Na to 20 mM or Ca withdrawal,
      but not addition of verapamil, reversibly abolished the ECA. Chloride replacement
      by propionate, isethionate, or benzene-sulphonate caused a transient
      augmentation, followed by suppression of the secondary depolarization of the CP's
      and decreased their frequency. The initial depolarization of the CP was little
      affected. Nitrate substitution increased CP frequency and spiking activity but
      had no observable effects on the CP configuration. These results suggest that the
      intestinal control potential may result from conductance changes initially to Na
      and later to C1 rather than fron an oscillatory electrogenic pump.

PMID- 1200149
TI  - Interaction between octapeptide-cholecystokinin, gastrin, and secretin on cat
      gallbladder in vitro.
AB  - Effects of OP-CCK, gastrin, and secretin were studied on isometric tension
      development in strips of cat gallbladder. Effective molar concentrations were 2.2
      X 10(-10) to 5.3 X 10(-9) for OP-CCK, and 1.13 X 10(-7) to 1.5 X 10(-6) for
      gastrin. The maximal response to gastrin averaged 66% the maximal response to OP
      CCK and effects were not blocked by atropine. Secretin was weakly stimulatory or
      ineffective by itself. Prior addition of submaximal doses of gastrin shifted the
      dose-response curve of OP-CCK to the right, but neither the slope nor the
      calculated maximal response (CMR) was significantly changed. This suggests that
      gastrin and OP-CCK compete for a common receptor on cat gallbladder. On the other
      hand, a background dose of secretin shifted the dose-response curves for both OP
      CCK and gastrin to the left and increased the slopes significantly with increase
      in the respective CMRs. The combined action of OP-CCK (or gastrin) and secretin
      are supra-additive. These experiments suggest that OP-CCK and gastrin act at a
      common receptor site which is different from the secretin-receptor site.

PMID- 1200150
TI  - Effect of ethanol on phospholipid metabolism by the rat lung.
AB  - Prefeeding of alcohol shows the in vivo incorporation of orally administered
      palmitic acid into phosphatidylcholine of the lung. This impairment is also
      demonstrable in vitro utilizing lung slices and 14C-labeled palmitate or cytidine
      5'-diphosphocholine as precursors. It is concluded that alcohol ingestion affects
      the utilization of precursors needed for phospholipid formation in the lung.

PMID- 1200151
TI  - Renal adaptation to chronic hypocapnia: dietary constraints in achieving H+
      retention.
AB  - Previous studies suggested that renal H+ retention during adaptation to
      hypocapnia might be critically dependent upon concomitant Na and/or K excretion.
      To test this hypothesis, seven dogs were allowed to recover from hypocapnia while
      receiving a low electrolyte diet. Despite negligible changes in Na and K
      excretion, cum delta net acid excretion was --33 meq during adaptation and +44
      meq during recovery. Consequently, plasma [HCO3] fell from 19.2 to 14.2 meq/liter
      in the former and rose from 13.8 to 19.7 meq/liter in the latter groups; these
      changes were virtually identical to those observed previously in animals
      maintained on normal electrolyte intakes. These adaptive changes in renal H+
      output appeared to be balanced by parallel changes in phosphate excretion. When
      phosphate retention was prevented during adaptation with Na remaining available
      for excretion, retention of H+ was still clearly evident. When both phosphate
      retention and augmented cation excretion were prevented during adaptation,
      however, H+ retention was abolished. Nevertheless, plasma [HCO3] still fell from
      20.9 to 16.2 meq/liter, a level far beyond that attributable to tissue buffering.

PMID- 1200152
TI  - Quantitative aspects of insulin secretion and its hepatic and renal removal in
      sheep.
AB  - The secretion of insulin into the portal blood and its removal by the liver and
      kidneys in conscious fed sheep were determined by simultaneously measuring
      venoarterial plasma concentration differences and portal, hepatic, and renal
      plasma flows. The basal secretory rate of insulin was 0.43 +/- 0.03 U/h or 7.8
      mU/kg-h. The secretory rate of insulin and the amount of insulin presented to the
      liver also were altered by 2-h intraportal infusions of glucagon (150 mug/h),
      insulin (1.17 U/h), and insulin (1.17 U/h) lus glucose (2.2 g/h). Hepatic removal
      under all conditions was about 50% of the insulin secretory rate, although the
      extraction ratio was only 0.08. Renal removal was 35% of the insulin secretory
      rate. The renal extraction ratio was 0.35. During insulin-induced hypoglycemia
      and also during starvation, the hepatic extraction ratio of insulin increased
      significantly, but the removal as a percentage of insulin secretion did not
      change. It appears that in sheep on a maintenance diet the basal secretory rate
      of insulin is less than that of nonruminant species and that, within
      physiological limits, the liver disposes of about one-half and the kidney about
      one-third of the insulin. Other tissues, presumably, remove the remaining 10-
      20%.

PMID- 1200153
TI  - Effects of glucagon and insulin on net hepatic metabolism of glucose precursors
      in sheep.
AB  - The net hepatic metabolism of amino glycerol, lactate, and pyruvate was
      determined in conscious fed sheep by multiplying the venoarterial concentration
      differences by the hepatic blood or plasma flow. In each experiment several sets
      of control blood samples were taken; glucagon or insulin then was infused
      intraportally for 2 h during which additional samples were taken. Four types of
      experiments were performed: 1) glucagon infusion (150 mug/h) into normal sheep,
      2) glucagon infusion (100 mug/h) into insulin-treated alloxanized sheep, 3)
      insulin infusion (1.17 U/h) into normal sheep, and 4) insulin plus glucose
      infusion (12.3 mmol/h) into normal sheep. The second group of experiments was
      performed to prevent reflex hyperinsulinemia, and the fourth was performed to
      prevent reflex hyperglucagonemia. Glucagon directly stimulated the net hepatic
      uptake of alanine, glycine, glutamine, arginine, asparagine, threonine, serine,
      and lactate. Glucagon also stimulated lipolysis in adipose tissue. Insulin, on
      the other hand, appeared to have a lipogenic effect on adipose tissue and to
      stimulate directly the uptake of valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, lysine,
      and alanine only at extrahepatic sites. The study showed that, in sheep, the
      effects of glucagon primarily are on liver, and insulin's effects primarily are
      on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue where it promotes protein and lipid
      synthesis.

PMID- 1200154
TI  - Hypothalamic modulation of baroreceptor afferent unit activity.
AB  - Unit responses to sinus nerve stimulation were recorded in the medulla. A
      conditioning stimulus to the posterior hypothalamus produced inhibition of 65% of
      unit responses to sinus nerve stimulation as early as 7 ms and extending as long
      as 790 ms after conditioning; 50% recovered after 300 ms. Unit responses to
      hypothalamic stimulation alone were also recorded in the medulla, some in the
      same loci as other unit responses to sinus nerve stimulation. They could be
      activated by contralateral as well as ipsilateral hypothalmic stimulation and
      showed recurrent bursts of firing over a 1,000-ms poststimulus interval. Evoked
      potentials and unit responses were recorded in the posterior hypothalamus, some
      occurring within 10--20 ms poststimulation of the sinus nerve, indicating that
      baroreceptor information is ascending in a time sufficiently short to involve the
      hypothalamus in reflex regulation of blood pressure as well as more generalized
      homeostatic responses which include the cardiovascular system.

PMID- 1200156
TI  - Pressure dependence of the mechanical properties of arteries in vivo.
AB  - Simultaneously measurements of intra-arterial pressure and external diameter were
      recorded from the thoracic and abdominal aortas, the carotid, brachiocephalic,
      left subclavian, and femoral arteries of anesthetized dogs. Data were recorded
      under control conditions and during efferent vagal stimulation, and were used to
      compute values of wall geometry, mechanical properties, phase velocity, and
      characteristic impedance. Values of these parameters computed for both control
      and vagal stimulation were used to represent their dependence on mean arterial
      pressure. Both the dynamic elastic modulus and the phase velocity increased with
      mean pressure at each arterial site. Values of computed characteristic impedance
      were constant and independent of mean arterial pressure between 80--150 mmHg. The
      tropical application of norepinephrine (100 mug/ml) to the femoral artery
      produced no change in mean pressure, while external diameter and dynamic modulus
      were decreased, and characteristic impedance was increased. These results provide
      direct support for the conclusion of previous studies on vascular impedance
      spectra which suggested a constancy of characteristic impedance with changes in
      mean arterial pressure.

PMID- 1200155
TI  - Effect of secretin and cholecystokinin on small intestinal blood flow
      distribution.
AB  - The relative blood flow distribution within the small intestine of anesthetized
      cats was investigated during resting conditions and when superior mesenteric
      blood flow was increased 15--85% by the intravenous infusion of secretin,
      cholecystokinin (CCK), or isoproterenol. Radioactive microspheres of 15 mum
      diameter were injected into the superior mesenteric artery and shortly thereafter
      intestinal segments were removed and dissected into mucosal, submucosal, and
      muscularis fractions. Tissue weights and the radioactivity of each were
      determined. During secretin-induced mesenteric vasodilatation there was a
      significant redistribution of blood away from the jejunal mucosa to the
      submucosa. During CCK and isoproterenol infusions there were significant
      increases in mucosal and decreases in submucosal blood flow. No significant
      changes were observed in muscularis flow. There was no apparent relationship
      between the percent increase in SMBF and the relative blood flow distribution
      changes observed. The results indicate that while secretin, CCK, and
      isoproterenol increase superior mesenteric blood flow, they also affect blood
      flow distribution within the mucosa and submucosa.

PMID- 1200157
TI  - Effects of carotid hypotension on aortic hemodynamics in the unanesthetized dog.
AB  - The effects of occlusion of the brachiocephalic artery on aortic hemodynamics
      were assessed in 12 chronically instrumented dogs in the unanesthetized state.
      Continuous measurements of ascending aorta pressure and flow were made. In the
      steady state following occlusion, heart rate increased by 36% and mean arterial
      pressure by 45%, while cardiac output was unchanged from preocclusion levels.
      Hydraulic power delivery to the systemic circulation by the left ventricle was
      increased during occlusion, while the fraction of total power associated with
      pulsations decreased. Values of peripheral resistance and ascending aorta input
      impedance were both increased during occlusion. Graded occlusions of the
      brachiocephalic artery produced graded, monotonic increases in the entire aortic
      impedance spectrum between 2 and 20 Hz with more sensitive responses occurring
      with the smaller, submaximal responses. Considered with results of previous
      studies, these results suggest that activation of smooth muscle in large conduit
      arteries is also associated with the pressor response which accompanies carotid
      hypotension and that such activation has a hemodynamically significant effect.

PMID- 1200158
TI  - Hematocrit of the fetal rabbit placenta.
AB  - 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes and [125I]RISA were used simultaneously to measure the
      fetal rabbit whole-body and placental hematocrits (Hct) and to find the ratio of
      placental transit times of erythrocytes and plasma. The levels were injected into
      the heart of 21 fetal rabbits of 26--28 days gestation, and about 60 s mixing
      time, the placenta and a fetal blood sample were assayed with a gamma well-type
      scintillation counter. Erythrocyte and plasma activity per milliliter were
      determined from a standard dilution of the isotopes. Large-vessel Hct was
      measured as the corrected packed erythrocyte percentage in capillary tubes. Large
      vessel Hct was 37.3 (+/- 3.7 SD) %, whole-body Hct was 31.3 (+/- 3.5) %, and the
      placental Hct was 25.3 (+/- 4.0) %. The placental/large-vessel Hct ratio was
      0.676. The ratio may be estimated as 0.765 when corrected for the loss of albumin
      in time. The transit time of erythrocytes in the placenta was calculated to be
      0.682 of that for plasma. The shorter erythrocyte transit time implies that there
      is less time for O2 and CO2 exchange than previously thought.

PMID- 1200159
TI  - Development of circadian periodicity in base and stress levels of corticosterone.
AB  - Base and stress levels of corticosterone were assessed at 4-h intervals over a 24
      h period in male and female rats at age 18, 22, and 26 days. A significant
      periodicity in base levels of corticosterone is present at 22 days of age;
      however, a rhythm in stress values does not appear until age 26 days. At age 26
      days the pattern of the circadian periodicity in both base and stress
      concentrations of corticosterone resembles that of the mature rhythm.

PMID- 1200160
TI  - Sweating on paws and palms: what is its function?
AB  - Man sweats on his palms and the soles of his feet in response to stress and
      exercise, but not in response to heat. Several functions have been proposed for
      this type of sweating: increasing friction between skin and substrate; increasing
      the toughness of the skin; and increasing tactile sensitivity. This study uses a
      comparative approach to evaluate the role of footpad sweating on increasing
      friction, utilizing a variety of mammals which possess sweat glands on their
      footpads (rat, tenrec, hyrax, and dog). We found that all of these animals sweat
      on their paws while running. Blocking this sweating with atropine sulfate
      dramatically decreased the coefficient of static friction between the paw and the
      tread of an inclined treadmill. A similar dose of atropine sulfate had no effect
      on the coefficient of static friction in a rabbit, and animal that possesses no
      sweat glands on its paws. We conclude that an important function of this type of
      sweating is to help prevent slipping between the paw and sthe substrate during
      running or climbing, and we postulate that the sweating observed in response to
      stress may play an important role in preparing an animal for fleeing from
      stressful situations.

PMID- 1200161
TI  - Potassium transport in the distal tubule and collecting duct of the rat.
AB  - Because of recent conflicting results, micropuncture studies were performed to
      clarify the respective role of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
      in the regulation of urinary potassium excretion. Five groups of Sprague-Dawley
      rats were studied: group I, hydropenia (n = 10); group II, Ringer loading (n =
      7); group III, acute KC1 loading (n = 6); group IV, mannitol diuresis (n = 6);
      group V, KC1 infusion during mannitol diuresis (n = 7). Early and late distal
      tubules were identified with intravenous injections of lissamine green. In each
      animal net secretion of potassium occurred along the distal convoluted tubule,
      and a direct relationship between distal tubular flow rate and potassium
      secretion was observed. The magnitude of potassium secretion at high distal
      tubular flow rates was dependent on the model studied. Potassium transport beyond
      the distal tubule was evaluated by comparing end distal potassium delivery and
      fractional potassium excretion. At low urinary flow rates net reabsorption was
      observed, whereas at higher flow rates no net transport occurred. Thus, flow rate
      along the collecting duct may be a major determinant of urinary potassium
      excretion.

PMID- 1200162
TI  - Vasomotor inhibition in rabbits by vagal nonmedullated fibers from
      cardiopulmonary area.
AB  - In anesthetized rabbits with sinus and aortic nerve cut, when the cervical vagal
      nerves were cooled to 12, 8, 6, and 0degreeC, there were progressive increases in
      aortic blood pressure of 7 +/- 1, 15 +/- 2, 25 +/- 1, and 41 +/- 2 mmHg (SE),
      respectively. For comparison, during cooling of the aortic and vagal nerves, at
      12degreesC there was a decrease in firing in the afferent fibers from aortic
      baroreceptors (48 +/- 4%) and pulmonary stretch receptors (57 +/- 5%), and at
      6degreesC all activity was abolished. Thus, at 6degreesC the activity in
      medullated fibers from the aortic baroreceptors and pulmonary stretch receptors
      is blocked, but the increase in aortic blood pressure with vagal cooling is only
      60% of that with cooling to 0degreeC. This demonstrates that cardiopulmonary
      receptors with nonmedullated vagal afferents (C fibers) contribute to the tonic
      inhibition of the vasomotor center. Because of overlap in sensitivity of
      different vagal fibers to cooling, the total contribution of these C fibers
      cannot be evaluated.

PMID- 1200163
TI  - Interstitial fluid pressure in canine gastric mucosa.
AB  - Guyton's capsules were implanted in the submucosa of the gastric corpus of dogs.
      The pressure of the fluid inside the capsule (ICP) was measured between 12 and 42
      days later after mounting the piece of the corpus in a Plexiglas chamber. The
      capsule was always filled with saline. In two out of three experiments, the ICP
      did not change significantly when the saline was replaced by isotonic glucose or
      blood plasma. Changes of pressure exerted on the surface of the stomach were
      accurately monitored by the ICP recordings. Changes of circulation produced by
      compression of the artery or the vein connected to the piece of mucosa, or by
      intra-arterial injections of epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, or
      hypertonic mannitol, modified the ICP as predicted by Starling's law of capillary
      filtration. Spontaneous activity of the gastric muscles or the activity, which
      followed intra-arterial injections of acetylcholine, prostigmine, or histamine,
      changed the ICP significantly. Intra-arterial atropine usually decreased the ICP
      by 3--5 mmHg. The mean value of the ICP in 49 animals was 0.53 +/- 0.34 mmHg
      (SEM); it was negative in 43% of the experiments.

PMID- 1200164
TI  - Circadian rhythm of biliary excretion and its control mechanisms in rats with
      chronic biliary drainage.
AB  - Rats with chronic biliary drainage under a rigid lighting schedule (light on at 6
      A.M. and off at 6 P.M.) exhibited a remarkable circadian rhythm of bile flow,
      biliary concentrations and excretory rates of bile salts, cholesterol, and
      phospholipid. The peak was attained at midnight and nadir at noon except for the
      peak concentrations of cholesterol and phospholipid occurring at 8 P.M.
      Cholesterol feeding abolished the circadian rhythm of biliary cholesterol and
      phospholipid concentrations but not their excretory rates because the daily
      fluctuation of the bile flow remained unchanged. Bilateral vagotomy enhanced the
      bile flow rate and shifted the peak of circadian rhythm of all parameters except
      bile salt 4 h earlier. Bilateral adrenalectomy abolished the circadian variation
      of the concentration of cholesterol and phospholipid and minimized that of bile
      salt, but the daily fluctuation of their excretory rates persisted in a lower
      amplitude. The studies suggested that such circadian rhythm might be controlled
      simultaneously by multiple factors and could not be entirely abolished by any
      single special treatment.

PMID- 1200165
TI  - Feeding induced by intracerebroventricular 2-deoxy-D-glucose in the rat.
AB  - Feeding was induced with lateral intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of 2
      deoxy-D-glucose (2-dg), a glucose analogue causing glucoprivation. Feeding
      increased rapidly by an average of 2.6 g following ICV 2-DG (2.9 or 5.8 mg per
      rat), but did not increase after ICV D-glucose or sucrose. At the same doses, 2
      DG did not increase feeding when given peripherally. Core temperature dropped in
      a dose-dependent manner with doses of 2-DG sufficient to induce feeding after
      peripheral administration, but did not occur with ICV injections. The 2-DG (0.006
      -1.219 M) did not stimulate feeding when infused bilaterally into the lateral
      hypothalamus, the preoptic area, or the anterior lateral hypothalamus. Nor did it
      produce feeding when injected into the ventromedial hypothalamus at the same
      sites and in the same rats in which procaine HC1 caused increased feeding. The
      brain, therefore, is directly sensitive to glucoprivation in the control of
      feeding, and glucoprivation alone is sufficient to mobilize feeding behavior. The
      specific site of sensitivity to glucoprivation and the mode of action of the
      glucoprivic system in the brain are unknown.

PMID- 1200166
TI  - Hepatocellular uptake of erythritol and mannitol in the dog.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the initial space of distribution of
      [14C]erythritol (mol wt 122) and [14C]mannitol (mol wt 182) in the liver of the
      dog by the single-injection, multiple-indicator-dilution method. 22Na was used as
      the extracellular indicator and tritiated water (THO) was used as total liver
      water indicator. The indicators were simultaneously injected into the portal vein
      of anesthetized dogs and dilution curves were obtained at the outflow from the
      hepatic vein. It was found that hepatic venous dilution curves of [14C]erythritol
      and THO were practically identical in all experiments. In contrast, the dilution
      curves of [14C]mannitol were generally distinct from those of THO. Analysis of
      [14C]mannitol-dilution curves according to Goresky suggested that the observed
      difference between this solute and THO was the result of a limited permeability
      of the sinusoidal membrane to mannitol. It is concluded that [14C]erythritol has
      instantaneous and practically unrestricted access to total liver water. This
      finding supports the validity of using erythritol as a liver cell water marker. A
      larger solute, [14C]mannitol, has restricted access to total liver cell water
      because of a permeability barrier in the sinusoidal liver cell membrane, but its
      diffusion into the hepatocyte is also very rapid.

PMID- 1200167
TI  - A psychosocial kinship model for family therapy.
AB  - Family therapy has traditionally centered on the nuclear family and thus has been
      typically oriented toward urban white middle-class families. A variety of
      modifications in therapeutic technique has evolved for work with the many modern
      families whose structure consists of a functional psychosocial family kinship.
      The authors have developed a formal theoretical framework and model for family
      therapy that encompasses the total psychosocial network, i.e., the extended
      kinships of the nuclear family and the functional kin such as friends, neighbors,
      and associates.

PMID- 1200168
TI  - Insuring intensive psychotherapy.
AB  - Many private insurance programs that currently cover mental disorders eliminate
      intensive psychotherapies, including psychoanalysis, from the range of treatment
      options by placing restrictions on the number of visits covered. The authors
      examine the economics of intensive psychotherapy coverage and present data
      indicating that relatively few people in an insurance program with comprehensive
      mental health benefits use high cost forms of psychotherapy. They conclude that
      insurance coverage of intensive psychotherapy is feasible but suggest that
      further study of the goals of intensive treatment, potential demand for it, and
      the supply of qualified practitioners is needed.

PMID- 1200169
TI  - Borderline and schizophrenic patients: A comparative study.
AB  - The authors describe the evaluation and follow-up of matched samples of
      borderline and schizophrenic patients to determine the ways that borderline
      disorders are similar to or different from schizophrenia. The borderline patients
      presented more confusing diagnostic pictures, but they could be differentiated
      from the schizophrenic patients by the absence of definite or prolonged psychotic
      episode, by the relative severity of their dissociative experiences, by more
      severe anger, and by less anxiety. Despite the discrepant symptom pictures of the
      two patient groups, a systematic review of prehospitalization functioning and two
      year posthospitalization course did not reveal significant differences between
      them.

PMID- 1200170
TI  - Psychopathology and mental retardation: A study of 100 mentally retarded
      children: I. Psychopathology.
AB  - The authors studied 100 mentally retarded children referred to a psychiatric
      clinic in regard to the severity of their retardation, their ages at the time of
      referral, their social class, their presenting symptoms and diagnoses, and the
      effects of organicity on their clinical pictures. They found that 38 of these
      children were psychotically disturbed, 13 had no evidence of psychiatric
      disorder, and 49 showed symptoms of characterologic, neurotic, behavioral, or
      situational disorders. Although the incidence of emotional disorder was high
      among these children, their symptoms did not differ in kind from those found in a
      group of nonretarded children referred to the clinic.

PMID- 1200171
TI  - Changing patterns of psychiatric inpatient care in a university general hospital.
AB  - The authors describe the changing patterns of psychiatric inpatient care in a
      university hospital. Patients are shortening their hospital stay and are
      traveling fewer miles from their homes to the hospital. Increasing numbers of
      blacks, men, and low-income persons are being treated. In addition, the
      percentage of patients with neuroses and transient situational disturbances has
      decreased, while the percentage of those with personality and behavior disorders
      has increased. The authors discuss the implications of these changes, which
      benefit both patients and the education of students.

PMID- 1200172
TI  - A critique of the St. Louis psychiatric research criteria for schizophrenia.
AB  - The authors reviewed the research data for 89 hospitalized patients who were
      given a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 22 who were given a diagnosis of mania on
      admission. They found that 11 (12 percent) of the schizophrenic patients
      satisfied the St. Louis research criteria for schizophrenia and 10 (11 percent)
      satisfied the authors' criteria. Diagnostic agreement between the sets of
      criteria was shared in only 5 of these patients. On the basis of this finding and
      other studies of the St. Louis criteria, the authors suggest specific
      modifications that would broaden the utility of these criteria and minimize
      diagnostic disagreement.

PMID- 1200173
TI  - Prediction of performance of psychiatric residents: A three-year follow-up study.
AB  - The authors compared supervisors' global and specific item ratings of psychiatric
      residents' performance in each of three years of training with ratings of these
      applicants prior to their admission to the program. Although preadmission ratings
      had almost no predictive power, there were certain items that consistently
      discriminated between residents rated high and those rated low by supervisors in
      each year of training. The authors conclude that initial interviews of those
      selected cannot predict their subsequent performance. They therefore recommend
      that a major portion of these interviews be devoted to an exchange of information
      between the applicant and the department.

PMID- 1200174
TI  - Differing perspectives on mental health evaluation.
AB  - Small-group workshops of nonevaluators with differing interests in mental health
      discussed evaluation priorities for community mental health centers. Participants
      included center professionals, concerned citizens, and funders. A majority of the
      participants placed high value on accountability from a consumer standpoint and
      relatively low value on center management issues and cost or equity of service
      delivery. Center staff were more interested in efficiency and effectiveness,
      while outsiders with vested interests were more concerned with community
      involvement. The authors summarize seven role perspectives and discuss their
      implications for the establishment of evaluation priorities within a center.

PMID- 1200176
TI  - Professional liability insurance and the American psychiatrist.
AB  - The authors outline the current position of psychiatrists in the United States
      regarding their vulnerability to lawsuits for malpractice. They review the
      various activities of the American Psychiatric Association on behalf of its
      members, especially its endorsement and supervision of a professional liability
      program for review and control of losses.

PMID- 1200175
TI  - On research in Zen.
AB  - Zen is one of several mental or spiritual disciplines that have become the object
      of recent scientific interest and theory. The authors discuss several aspects of
      Zen, such as the psychophysiological effects of meditation and the general impact
      of enlightenment, that are potential areas of fruitful research. They stress,
      however, that researchers can gain true understanding of the different perception
      and experience of reality to which Zen gives access only by practicing Zen
      meditation themselves. Without such understanding, the planning and
      interpretation of research will inevitably be in error and a resource of the
      greatest potential value misused.

PMID- 1200177
TI  - Psychiatry's image today: Results of an attitudinal survey.
AB  - The authors report the results of a survey designed to assess opinions and
      attitudes toward psychiatry among three groups of physicians and two groups of
      medical students. In general, the role of psychiatry was regarded favorably, and
      respondents' comments and criticisms were constructive and consistent. The
      authors suggest that the survey results may reflect an improvement in
      psychiatry's image.

PMID- 1200178
TI  - The treatment of depression with ECT in the presence of brain tumor.
AB  - Traditionally, the presence of brain tumor has been considered an absolute
      contraindication to the use of electroconvulsive therapy. In selected cases,
      however, this procedure may be beneficial and at times even lifesaving. The
      authors point to the need for an eclectic approach to treatment, given the
      current state of psychiatric knowledge.

PMID- 1200179
TI  - Organic brain dysfunction as a possible consequence of postgastrectomy
      hypoglycemia.
AB  - Unlike the fasting hypoglycemias, the reactive hypoglycemias, including
      postgastrectomy hypoglycemia, are generally not believed to result in serious
      neuropsychiatric dysfunction. The authors describe two patients with progressive
      mental deterioration and alimentary hypoglycemia and suggest that clinicians
      should recognize the possibility of serious neuropsychiatric sequelae of
      postgastrectomy hypoglycemia.

PMID- 1200180
TI  - Letter: The rules of evidence.

PMID- 1200181
TI  - Letter: Confronting and identifying dangerousness.

PMID- 1200182
TI  - Letter: Alternative treatments for depersonalization.

PMID- 1200183
TI  - Time estimates in a long-term time-free environment.
AB  - Subjects in a time-free environment for 14 days estimated the hour and day
      several times a day. Half of the subjects were under a heavy exercise regime.
      During the waking hours, the no-exercise group showed no difference between
      estimated and real time, whereas the exercise group showed significantly shorter
      estimated than real time. Neither group showed a difference after the sleeping
      periods. However, the mean accumulated error for the two groups was 48.73 hours
      and was strongly related to the displacements of sleep/waking behavior. It is
      concluded that behavioral cues are the primary determinants of time estimates in
      time-free environments.

PMID- 1200184
TI  - Visual recogition of dot-pattern bigrams: an extension and replication.
AB  - The study examined visual recognition of bigrams, each formed from a pair of
      "random" dot patterns, as a function of stimulus offset asynchrony and duration.
      The results replicate and extend those of an earlier study by showing that the
      effect of backward masking in vision, where the mask is actually a part of the
      preceding composite target, is limited to about 250 to 300 msec. This time
      interval is suggested as that required to complete the processing of that
      composite target. The results may be understood in terms of an interruption
      hypothesis, with selective attention and/or discontinuity detectors as mechanisms
      possibly involved in the masking process.

PMID- 1200185
TI  - Ego strength and confidence thresholds in two methods of paired-associate
      learning.
AB  - Two experiments contrasted the effects of high and low wgo strength (as measured
      by Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionaire) on confidence thresholds
      (FG scores) under the anticipation and recall methods. High ego strength resulted
      in larger FG scores under the anticipation method- weakly so in Experiment I but
      significantly so in Experiment II, where subjects were selected from greater
      extremes of ego strength. This inferiority extended to trails to criterion and a
      measure of the associative-learning stage as well. Tasks for extending the
      generality of the obtained relationship of ego strength and confidence thresholds
      in paired-associate learning are suggested.

PMID- 1200186
TI  - Some effects of a model's performance on an observer's electromyographic
      activity.
AB  - It is suggested that motor reactions may be elicited in an observer as a
      consequence of his exposure to a model and that such reactions may become
      conditioned to environmental events. An experiment is reported in which observers
      showed greater EMG activity in the arm while watching models arm wrestle than
      while watching a model stutter, and greater lip EMG activity while watching a
      model stutter than while watching arm wrestling. Some evidence for conditioning
      was found in the arm activity of males watching wrestling.

PMID- 1200187
TI  - Aldactazide-induced consummatory and operant responding to sodium by rats.
AB  - The effects of intraperitoneal injections of Aldactazide-A on rats' consumption
      of water and saline solution (.51M NaCl) were tested in two experiments. During
      the treatment sessions, the rats showed a substantial increase in saline
      consumption and in lever pressing to a cue light to obtain the saline, as
      compared with their negligible intake before the injections and after the
      injections had been discontinued. The results indicate that both the drinkometer
      and operantbox measures are sensitive to the natroexigenic effects of
      Aldactazide.

PMID- 1200188
TI  - The relation between similarity grouping and perceptual constancy.
AB  - In two experiments on whether similarity grouping is based on the retinal or the
      perceived slopes of lines, observers judged the grouping of diagonal lines when a
      display of vertical and diagonal lines was presented upright and when it was
      slanted 75 deg toward the floor. The floorwise slanting of the display improved
      gouping, as would be expected if the spontaneous organization of a field into
      groups in strongly influenced by the projection-level representation of stimuli.
      It is proposed that similarity grouping occurs at the readout stage of stimulus
      processing and involves segregating a field into groups on the basis of
      extrafoveal stimulus differences that are responded to in parallel; or if
      sequentially, very quickly and independently of focal attention.

PMID- 1200189
TI  - The number of trials of compound conditioning: its effect on latent inhibition in
      rats.
AB  - Two experiments interspersed nonreinforced tests for the strength of the
      preexposed and nonpreexposed elements of a compound CS throughout conditioning.
      The nonreinforced exposures and the conditioning trials were superimposed on an
      appetitive operant baseline, and conditioned suppression of the rats' bar
      pressing was the dependent variable. In both experiments, the preexposed element
      failed to suppress responding and failed to gain strength over trials. The
      nonpreexposed element at first suppressed responding completely but gradually
      lost control of responding, even while the compound continued to suppress
      responding asymptotically. The results are discussed in terms of 'loss of
      salience' and 'discrimination' hypotheses.

PMID- 1200190
TI  - Trends in alcohol consumption and associated illnesses. Some effects of economic
      changes.

PMID- 1200191
TI  - The development of a community health orientation scale.

PMID- 1200192
TI  - The sickness impact profile. Development of an outcome measure of health care.

PMID- 1200194
TI  - Safety belt use in automobiles with starter-interlock and buzzer-light reminder
      systems.

PMID- 1200195
TI  - The value of routine screening for intestinal parasites.

PMID- 1200193
TI  - The public health implications of urban dogs.

PMID- 1200197
TI  - Public health: alien ethic in a strange land?

PMID- 1200196
TI  - Carbon monoxide in school buses.
AB  - Following an incident in which eight children became ill from carbon monoxide in
      a school bus, an investigation was made of CO levels in school buses in the
      Seattle area. The procedure selected for the evaluation was to test a large
      number of buses at a nearby ski resort. On the day selected for the sampling,
      over 200 buses arrived, bringing school children from a number of school
      districts in the Seattle are for skiing lessons. As they arrived, 33 buses were
      checked immediately to determine in-transit levels of CO. Four of the 33 buses
      had CO levels in excess of Environmental Protection Agency maximum allowable
      concentrations for an 8-hr exposure. As the buses sat idling in the parking lot,
      65 of them were tested--during the lunch hour when the students returned to the
      buses to have their lunch and to rest. Two buses had nearly 3 times the
      concentration of CO permitted by the EPA for a 1-hr exposure. A total of seven
      buses (10 per cent) had concentrations of CO not permitted by the EPA for more
      than a 1-hr period. Altogether there were 24 buses (36 per cent) that had levels
      of CO in excess of EPA standards for an 8-hr exposure. As a result of these
      determinations and other observations a number of recommendations were made to
      reduce the hazard of exposure to carbon monoxide in school buses.

PMID- 1200198
TI  - Editorial: Policy alternatives for alcohol control.

PMID- 1200199
TI  - Editorial: Perspective on a current public health controversy.

PMID- 1200200
TI  - Letter: 'Legalese' on maternity benefits.

PMID- 1200201
TI  - Letter: The mission of health professionals.

PMID- 1200202
TI  - Letter: Emergency aid for insect sting.

PMID- 1200203
TI  - Superior mesenteric angiography and blood flow following intra-arterial injection
      of prostaglandin F2alpha.
AB  - The effect of intra-arterially administered prostaglandin F2alpha(PGF2alpha) on
      venous demonstration in angiography of the superior mesenteric artery was
      compared to that of bradykinin in 10 patients, and the flow increase in this
      vessel following PGF2alpha was measured by a dye dilution technique in another 8
      patients. The angiographic demonstration of veins was similarly improved by the 2
      drugs, the effect of 60 mug. of PGF2alpha being roughly equivalent to that of 10
      mug. of bradykinin. The loss of arterial detail was less marked after PGF2alpha
      which, however, had a longer duration of action. The flow studies indicated that
      80 mug. of PGF2alpha increased the superior mesenteric blood flow 103 +/- 16 per
      cent. There was no influecne on blood pressure or pulse rate. The patients
      experienced a sensation of warmth in the abdomen for a few seconds following the
      injection of drugs, but no other side effect was noted. It is concluded that
      PGF2alpha causes a rapid increase of the superior mesenteric blood flow in man
      making it suitable for pharmacoangiography of this vascular bed.

PMID- 1200204
TI  - Limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis in ulcerative colitis.
AB  - The limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis is described as a complication in 2
      cases of chronic ulcerative colitis. The coexistence of ulcerative colitis and
      the limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis raises the question of a common
      etiologic basis, possibly an immunologic defect. Awareness of such an association
      may help shed further light on the etiology of both disorders.

PMID- 1200205
TI  - Pseudo-retroperitoneal gas in rupture of aneurysm of abdominal aorta.
AB  - Four cases of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm producing retroperitoneal
      radiolucent shadows are presented. Gross and microscopic examination showed this
      to be due to dissection of blood through the retroperitoneal fat. This finding
      has been helpful in confirming the presence of retroperitoneal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1200206
TI  - Jejunileal bypass. Roentgenographic observations.
AB  - Jejunioleal bypass procedures may be performed with the bypassed small intestine
      draining, as usual, into the cecum, or with end-to end anastomosis of the jejunum
      and terminal ileum, with the bypassed segment draining into the transverse colon
      through another anastomosis. Modifications of these methods have also beed
      devised. After good response with weight loss initially, most patients fail to
      continue to lose weight into the third year postoperatively. Some of the features
      which cause failure are: prolonged transit time, intestinal dilatation with
      mucosal hypertrophy, and reflux into the bypassed segment, in the earlier type of
      operation.

PMID- 1200207
TI  - Comparative detection of pancreatic body--tail enlargement using the supine
      translateral and axial pancreatic views: a prospective statistical study.
AB  - A prospective statistical study of 429 patients was undertaken to determine if
      the axial pancreatic view would improve detection of pancreatic body-tail
      enlargement. This view is produced by directing a roentgen-ray beam along the
      axis of the pancreatic body-tail cylinder. On this view and on the supine
      translateral view, a pancreatic body-tail space can be identified as a
      subdivision of the retrogastric space. When the pancreatic body-tail enlarges,
      this space selectively enlarges. The percentage change of this space is
      particularly impressive on the axial pancreatic view, where 10 of 12 pancreatic
      body-tail neoplasms were detected with only a 1.8 per cent false positive rate.

PMID- 1200208
TI  - New thoughts concerning xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (X-P).
AB  - A clinical and roentgenographic analysis of 13 patients with pathologically
      proved xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (X-P) has demonstrated that many
      previously accepted truisms associated with this disease may not be valid. As a
      result of this study it is suggested that X-P: 1. Does have a prominant female
      distribution. 2. May arise relatively acutely. 3. Can be associated with a well
      functioning kidney. 4. May destroy the kidney and collecting system. 5. Does not
      demonstrate neovascularity. 6. Can be distinguished angiographically from
      hypernephroma. 7. May be associated with diabetes. Other important facts were
      again observed: 1. X-P is still often associated with staghorn calculi and
      urinary tract obstruction. 2. Proteus mirabilis is the main offending organism.

PMID- 1200209
TI  - The significance of thermography in the diagnosis of acute abdominal disease.
AB  - Thermography appears to be a useful supporting aid to classical methods of
      examination in the clarification of the problems of acute abdominal disease. In a
      study of 100 patients thermography was in support of the true diagnosis in acute
      appendicitis in 63 per cent, in acute biliary tract disease in 59 per cent, and,
      in an attempt to differentiate between tumor and periappendicular abscess,
      assistance was rendered by thermography in 53 per cent of patients. However, some
      uncertainty exists because carcinoma often produces in its environment an
      inflammatory reaction, which causes an increase of temperature visible in the
      thermogram. In the present series thermography produced a finding supporting the
      correct diagnosis in 59 per cent. Errors occurred most often in obese patients,
      who have thick abdominal covers. Thermography also has an obvious application in
      the localizing of postoperative suppurative foci.

PMID- 1200210
TI  - Practical significance of gastric rugal folds.
AB  - A clinical pilot study oriented toward the practical value of gastric fold
      assessment offers the follow: (1) Younger patients (below 60 years) with
      carcinomas may have rugose stomachs as opposed to the more usual presentation in
      the elderly. (2) Some proportionality of gastric fold to acid output may exist in
      normal patients or cases with peptic disease of the distal stomach or duodenum.
      In any given case, however, acid secretory capacity may be very broad. (3)
      Proportionality of fold pattern within the stomach itself or with respect to the
      duodenum, as noted in the literature, is emphasized. (4) There exists a possible
      upper limit of "physiologic" fold thickness of 4 to 5 mm. beyond which an
      additional pathologic process may be inferred. (5) Hypertrophic gastritix and
      gastric body ulcer disease may illustrate this progression and possibly share
      similar underlying mucosal pathology and rugal characteristics.

PMID- 1200211
TI  - Roentgenographic findings in typhoid fever.
AB  - Barium meal examinations have been performed on 20 patients with proved or
      clinically suspected typhoid fever. There were distinct abnormalities in the
      terminal ileum early in the febrile stage of the disease. The abnormality was
      different in a single case of relapse of typhoid. The study is easily and safely
      performed and we feel that it is a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of typhoid
      fever, particularly in those cases where a positive blood culture is not
      available to confirm the clinical impression. The result of the roentgenographic
      examination is obtainable immediately and treatment can be initiated early.

PMID- 1200212
TI  - The cholecysto-colic relationships. A roentgen-anatomic study of the colonic
      manifestations of gallbladder disorders.
AB  - In approximately 80 per cent of cases the gallbladder is closely applied to the
      superior medial aspect of the right colic flexure. This intimate anatomic
      relationship provides pathways for direct extension of both inflammatory and
      neoplastic lesions of the gallbladder to involve the adjacent colon. The
      resultant secondary colonic abnormalities noted in 15 patients have been analyzed
      and correlated with surgical-pathologic findings. In acute cholecystitis, barium
      enema examination shows evidence of indentation by an enlarged gallbladder, spasm
      and mucosal edema in the anterior hepatic flexure. Chronic cholecystitis results
      in involvement of the adjacent colon by fibrous adhesions and inflammatory
      reaction. These may further lead to the development of pseudotumors simulating
      primary carcinoma of the colon. Similar findings including cholecysto-colic
      fistulae may be the initial manifestations of carcinoma of the gallbladder. The
      spectrum of pathologic-roentgenographic alterations in the cholecysto-colic
      interface is described and illustrated. Recognition of these features is of
      critical importance for the correct interpretation of barium enema findings and
      the subsequent management of patients with gallbladder disorders.

PMID- 1200213
TI  - Perforated viscus presenting with gas in the soft tissues (subcutaneous
      emphysema).
AB  - We have reviewed the spectrum of gaseous densities in the soft tissues secondary
      to a perforated viscus. All patients presented late and most were elderly. The
      most common surgical procedure was diversion of the fecal stream proximal to the
      perforation. In our series 4 of 7 patients died in the immediate postoperative
      period. Knowledge of the mechanism and differential diagnosis of this entity will
      prevent overlooking this possibility, as occurs too frequently, particularly with
      subcutaneous emphysema of the leg.

PMID- 1200214
TI  - Electronic anal sphincter stimulation in barium enema examination. A preliminary
      communication.
AB  - Electronic stimulation of the external and sphincter muscle was successful in
      preventing premature evacuation of barium in 28 of 30 patients. All of them were
      unable on 1 or more occasions to retain the barium during previously attempted
      studies by conventional methods. None of the patients had an underlying
      neurologic problem affecting the anal sphincter. No adverse reactions were noted.

PMID- 1200215
TI  - Non-contractile movement of tantalum powder in the canine rectum.
AB  - Caudad movement of trantalum particles in the rectum was observed in 5 recumbent
      anesthetized beagle bitches in the absence of muscular contractions as monitored
      by intrarectal balloons. The movement did not occur after injections of atropine
      or glucagon alone but did occur when a bisacodyl suppository was introduced in
      addition to the injection of glucagon. Along with direct observation of rectal
      mucosa, this strongly suggests the role of mucus as a carrier of the particles.

PMID- 1200217
TI  - Urography, shock reaction and repeated urography.

PMID- 1200216
TI  - Angiocardiography with small-size rapid cassette changer films.
AB  - The disadvantages of small-size 10 X 10 cm. films in angiocardiography do not
      preclude correct diagnosis in a well equipped cardiac laboratory. On the
      contrary, the advantages are such as to recommend a more extensive use. In our
      department the method has been limited to pediatric patients, mainly because of
      excessive scattered radiation at high kVp. It is hopeful that improvement in
      recording and combination with image intensification will make the system
      available in the future for adult use.

PMID- 1200218
TI  - Anatomy of the colon. Guide to intra-abdominal pathology. Hickey Lecture, 1975.
AB  - The normal contours and relationships of the colon have been described in a
      previous publication. I have attempted to show how enlargement of these organs or
      tumefactions arising within them affect the colon in a characteristic manner.
      Hopefully this will become useful in: (1) determining the normality of the
      external contour and variation of the external contour of the colon; (2)
      detecting a clinically unsuspected mass by an abnormal indentation on the colon;
      and (3) providing, for the diagnostic work-up of abdominal masses, a primary
      classification fo abdominal masses. Further, I have tried to emphasize that the
      lateral aspects of both colic flexures are posterior and tend to reflect
      abnormality of the posterior structures. The medial aspects of the colic flexures
      are anteior and likewise reflect abnormality of anterior structures. In addition,
      I reemphasize that what in the past has been called the splenic flexure (the area
      of marked angulation of the colon in the left upper quadrant) in reality is
      merely a portion of distal transverse colon. The more subtle angulation of the
      colon related to the "splenic angle" and left kidney is the true splenic flexure,
      the area of the phrenicocolic ligament.

PMID- 1200219
TI  - A feasibility study for percutaneous retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy.
AB  - A percutaneous technique for the biopsy of retroperitoneal lymph nodes was
      studied in animals and cadavers. Access to the retroperitoneal space from the
      groin to the diaphragm has been achieved, and satisfactory biopsies of iliac and
      lumbar lymph nodes opacified by pedal lymphangiography have been obtained.
      Further investigations, however, are needed to improve the technique and to
      minimize the potential hazards associated with this procedure.

PMID- 1200220
TI  - Gray scale ultrasound diagnosis of obstructive biliary disease.
AB  - B-mode ultrasound examinations have been useful in demonstrating cholelithiasis
      and obstructive dilatation of the gallbladder. It is now possible with gray scale
      ultrasound technique to demonstrate dilatation of the common bile duct, as
      differentiated from the gallbladder, and also to show fluid containing spaces
      within the liver. Discrimination between solid and fluid filled intrahepatic
      structures is readily made, and dilated biliary radicles are frequently
      discernible.

PMID- 1200221
TI  - Evaluation of pelvic masses during infusion excretory urography.
AB  - Infusion excretory urography not only clearly delineates the urinary tract
      structures, but provides additional information about the type of pelvic mass
      present. Benign uterine fibroids show contrast enhancement in a significant
      number of cases, whereas endometrial and cervial malignancies give no specific
      pattern. Cystic and mixed ovarian neoplasms show rim opacification in over 50 per
      cent of cases, and the presence of this rim sign points strongly to an ovarian
      lesion. The opacification of solid ovarian tumors cannot be differentiated from
      that of uterine fibroids unless other identifying features such as specific
      calcification or visualization of a normal uterus are present. Pelvic
      inflammatory disease shows no specific type of opacification. Excretory urography
      is part of the preoperative evaluation in most patients with pelvic mass lesions.
      By utilizing the infusion method, high quality excretory urograms are obtained,
      and, in addition, helpful information is obtained regarding the type of pelvic
      mass present.

PMID- 1200222
TI  - The utilization and efficacy of pelvimetry.
AB  - Data from non random groups of deliveries with some identical clinical factors
      were compared and certain conclusions are suggested. Most x-ray examinations
      which cause significant fetal exposure are pelvimetries. There appears to be no
      uniform set of indications for performing pelvimetry. Instead, the criteria seem
      to vary from hospital to hospital and even from physician to physician within the
      same hospital. A normal pelvimetry gives the physicina little confidence that a
      cesarean section will not be necessary. The duration of labor is not
      significantly altered by pelvimetry in those cases needing a cesarean section for
      cephalopelvic disproportion or following unsuccessful oxytocin stimulation.

PMID- 1200223
TI  - Intestinal perforation as a complication of the neonatal small left colon
      syndrome.
AB  - Intestinal perforation can occur as a complication of the neonatal small left
      colon syndrome. Four such infants are reported. Early diagnosis and treatment,
      utilizing water soluble contrast enema examination, are recommended to reduce the
      frequency of this complication.

PMID- 1200224
TI  - The "starry night" splenic angiogram. Contrast material opacification of the
      malpighian body marginal sinus circulation in spleen trauma.
AB  - In traumatized human spleens, focal 0.3-1 cm. areas of contrast material staining
      appear to represent the malpighian marginal sinus circulation. This circulation,
      when seen, is static or very slow moving. Extravasation of blood and contrast
      material also may be present in the marginal sinus network. The identification of
      diffuse or localized small areas of contrast material in the splenic angiogram of
      the traumatized patient suggests splenic contusion, intrasplenic hematoma, or
      both. The splenic angiographic appearance described may be compared to the
      globular appearance of stars, as depicted by van Gogh in his painting "The Starry
      Night."

PMID- 1200225
TI  - Experimental use of prostaglandin E1 in nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia.
AB  - Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia was produced in dogs by intraarterial infusion
      of digoxin and by hemorrhage of 1/3 of total blood volume. Both methods produced
      a substantial drop in the superior mesenteric arterial blood flow rate. In each
      case, a superior mesenteric arterial infusion of 0.1 mug./kg. per minute of
      prostaglandin E1 allowed the blood flow rate to increase to above the control
      level without significantly altering heart rate or systemic arterial pressure.
      The improved arterial blood flow rates were accompanied by a reversal of the
      diffuse mesenteric vasoconstriction that was seen in the ischemic state. These
      findings were demonstrated by superior mesenteric arteriography performed prior
      to and following the production of mesenteric ischemia and again following the
      infusion of prostaglandin E1.

PMID- 1200226
TI  - The specificity of renal vein thrombosis.
AB  - Clinical and roentgenographic features of renal vein thrombosis are discussed.
      The authors' experience with 17 cases is presented. The roentgenologist with a
      high degree of suspicion can, by correlation of clinical and urographic findings,
      make the specific diagnosis of renal vein thrombosis in a high percentage of
      cases.

PMID- 1200228
TI  - Circumaortic renal collar. A potentially hazardous anomaly of the left renal
      vein.
AB  - The circumaortic renal collar is a potentially hazardous anomaly of the left
      renal vein. Failure to recognize the dorsal component during retroperitoneal
      surgery may lead to hemorrhage, nephrectomy or death. The angiographer can make a
      significant contribution in documenting this anomally in patients who are
      candidates for surgery in this area.

PMID- 1200227
TI  - Control of renal hemorrhage by selective arterial embolization.
AB  - An attempt was made to control renal hemorrhage by selective embolization of the
      renal artery in 7 patients. In 2 patients the bleeding site was single, but in 2
      others, several sites of arterial extravasation were present. Two patients had
      arteriovenous fistulas, and 1 had an unsalvageable, macerated kidney. Six of the
      7 patients (86 per cent) were treated successfully. Nephrectomy was avoided in 5.
      No patient developed hypertension during the follow-up of 4 months to 2 years.
      Our results in these patients indicate that selective arterial embolization
      should have an important place in the management of patients with renal trauma.

PMID- 1200229
TI  - Submucosal hemorrhage of the renal collecting system.
AB  - Two cases of submucosal hemorrhage in the renal pelvis and ureter are presented.
      The roentgenographic appearance was identical to that of pyeloureteritis cystica
      but without evidence of urinary tract infection and, in 1 case, the submucosal
      impression resolved rapidly. When nodular, submucosal filling defects are
      demonstrated in the renal collecting system in the clinical setting of
      anticoagulant therapy or trauma, a diagnosis of submucosal hemorrhage should be
      considered.

PMID- 1200230
TI  - Vesicoureteral reflux in adults.
AB  - Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 200 adults seen in a 4 year period. In
      group 1 (no history of urinary tract infection and negative urine cultures), all
      patients had abnormalities on excretory urograms that were suggestive of reflux.
      In patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection (groups 2 and 3),
      the excretory urograms showed an abnormality in 79 per cent of those with
      negative cultures and in 83 per cent of those with positive cultures. Thus,
      reflux should be suspected in patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract
      infection even if infection cannot be documented with urine culture. Urographic
      evidence of renal parenchymal scarring, ureteral dilatation, or mucosal
      striations should also suggest the possibility of vesicoureteral reflux even when
      the patient may have no urinary tract symptoms. Voiding cystourethrography should
      be performed in all adults with these findings to exclude the possibility of
      vesicoureteral reflux.

PMID- 1200231
TI  - Tomography of pelvic-abdominal masses during intravenous urography. An added
      dimension.
AB  - Experience with a wide variety of pelvic-abdominal masses indicates that good
      quality tomography during high dose urography permits separation of solid from
      cystic lesions in almost all cases, even with minimal mass opacification.
      Evaluation of surface contour, absence or presence of a wall and its features,
      opacification, calcification, and uterine status provides the framework for
      characterization of the mass. Multiple masses can be identified and evaluated
      separately. While titration of the above criteria permits an accurate assessment
      independent of the clinical diagnosis, the latter information is important in
      separating a probable abscess from other cystic lesions. Since urography
      continues to be a pivotal preoperative roentgenologic investigation (ureteral
      status, pelvic kidney exclusion, etc.), the addition of tomography provides an
      added dimension to its usefulness. With the exception of the premenopausal female
      in whom radiation exposure is a consideration, tomography appears to preclude the
      routine necessity for subsequent ultrasound study which has been used to separate
      cystic from solid lesions.

PMID- 1200232
TI  - Tomography of the kidney bed as an aid in differentiating renal pelvic tumor and
      stone.
AB  - Plain film tomography is of value in detecting small amounts of calcium in "non
      opaque" stones. The use of this technique to help differentiate renal pelvic
      tumor from stone in patients presenting with a filling defect in the renal pelvis
      is suggested. Four cases in which plain film tomography detected calcium in a
      renal pelvic stone that could not be seen on routine roentgenograms are
      presented.

PMID- 1200233
TI  - Renal osteodystrophy in patients on hemodialysis as reflected in the bony pelvis.
AB  - Roentgen studies in a group of 131 patients on maintenance hemodialysis reveal
      renal osteodystrophy in 25 patients (19 per cent). In 24 patients of the latter
      group (98 per cent), the various manifestations of renal osteodystrophy appear in
      the bony pelvis. These include: osteomalacia; osteitis fibrosa; osteosclerosis;
      dialysis osteopenia; and extraosseous calcifications. Some of the changes, i.e.,
      bending of bone, Looser's lines, metaphyseal fractures and dialysis osteopenia,
      are due, at least in part, to the weight bearing nature of the bony pelvis. These
      findings are ararely, if ever, seen in the digits or in other non-weight bearing
      bones. It is therefore proposed to evaluate the bony pelvis, together with the
      magnification digital roentgenogram, when a less costly and less time consuming
      skeletal survey is needed in hemodialized patients.

PMID- 1200234
TI  - Crohn's disease of the esophagus.
AB  - Two cases of Crohn's disease involving the esophagus are described. Both patients
      had Crohn's disease elsewhere. Multiple intramural fistulous tracts are seen in
      both patients, and this is a characteristic feature of Crohn's disease. One
      patient developed a spontaneous esophago-bronchial fistula. Even though the
      esophageal involvement of Crohn's disease is rare, it should be suspected when a
      chronic esophageal inflammatory lesion develops in a patient who has Crohn's
      disease elsewhere, especially without hiatus hernia or other chronic disease.

PMID- 1200235
TI  - Yeast bezoar formation following gastric surgery.
AB  - Yeast bezoar seems to be a relatively common late complication after various
      gastric operations. The incidence of bezoar depends decisively on the nature of
      the operation. Vagotomy in particular is conducive to the formation of a bezoar.
      Vagotomy + Billroth I resection proveded the most propitious conditions for the
      growth of yeast, for every one-half of the patients in this group developed a
      bezoar. Yeast bezoars usually appear within a year of the operation. The majority
      disappear during the first follow-up year, many without any therapy. However, in
      some cases the bezoar was a rather inconvenient late complication of gastric
      surgery and one that gave symptoms. It is difficult to draw any definite
      conclusions concerning the effect of therapy on the disappearance of the bezoar.
      We used gastric lavage and antimycotics as well as substances that increase
      gastric acidity. There is still no known method of preventing the formation of
      yeast bezoars. In the present consensus, a change in the acid conditions and
      disturbed gastric motility postoperatively are conducive to the formation of a
      bezoar.

PMID- 1200236
TI  - Gallstone ileus. The importance of contrast examinations in the roentgenographic
      diagnosis.
AB  - Our experience based on the analysis of 12 proved cases of gallstone ileus is
      presented emphasizing the fact that the plain abdominal roentgenogram may be
      inconclusive or deceiving. It allowed us to suggest the correct diagnosis in only
      4 cases. A high index of suspicion, particularly in elderly female patients,
      followed by barium examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract leads to a
      correct and rapid diagnosis. The demonstration of a diverticulum-like structure
      or a fistulous tract adjacent to the first portion of the duodenum associated
      with jejunal dilatation and barium dilution is highly reliable.

PMID- 1200237
TI  - Mediastinal neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. The differentiation between primary
      and secondary involvement on the chest roentgenogram.
AB  - The roentgenologic diagnosis and differentiation of mediastinal neurogenic tumors
      are possible on the chest roentgenogram as a rule. The soft tissue mass may be
      ill-defined and the tumor "ghost-like" in the case of primary neuroblastoma, but
      it is usually obvious in ganglioneuroma and metastatic disease. The presence of
      calcifications differentiates neurogenic tumors from other posterior mediastinal
      tumors of childhood. They are common in primary and rare in secondary disease.
      Rib erosions and displacement are striking in neuroblastoma (after a few months
      of age), more subtle in ganglioneuroma, and absent with secondary involvement. In
      3 out of 7 posterior mediastinal neuroblastomas the diagnosis and treatment were
      delayed, as the adjacent rib changes were not appreciated for some time.
      "Dumbbell" shaped tumors are usually associated with vertebral changes and
      myelography is indicated even in the absence of neurologic deficit. Thoracic
      deformity and disability subsequent to laminectomy, radiation therapy, or both,
      are present in all survivors.

PMID- 1200238
TI  - Benign, solitary schwannomas of the lesser peritoneal sac.
AB  - Two cases of a large schwannoma of the lesser omental sac are described. One
      arose from the lesser omentum itself. This schwannoma also had
      roentgenographically visible calcifications, a finding never before reported to
      have been seen in the abdomen. Emphasis is upon the uniqueness of the site of the
      tumor.

PMID- 1200239
TI  - Ebstein's anomaly of tricuspid valve: critical review of roentgenological
      features and additional angiographic signs.
AB  - The plain roentgenographic and angiocardiographic features of 15 patients with
      Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve were reviewed. Of note on the plain
      roentgenogram was the fact that the "posterior bulge" seen on the lateral view
      was demonstrated to be due to either a markedly enlarged right atrium or the
      posterior displacement of normal left heart structures. The angiocardiographic
      features described in the literature were reviewed. Two main features seen were
      the "sail-like" appearance of the anterior leaflet of the tricuspid valve, which
      sometimes produces a tumor like picture, and the 2 notches seen when the
      ventricle contracts. One notch corresponds to the true tricuspid annulus. The
      other represents the site of attachment of the displaced tricuspid valve. The
      previously undescribed features were noted: (a) all three leaflets could
      sometimes be identified; (b) fenestrations in the anterior leaflet were
      demonstrated in 5cases; and (c) the sinus portion of the ventricle was sometimes
      filled in a retrograde fashion from the infundibular chamber.

PMID- 1200240
TI  - Transarterial electrocoagulation therapy of a pseudoaneurysm in the head of the
      pancreas.
AB  - Because chemical and transcatheter embolizations for control of bleeding were
      inappropriate, electrocoagulation through a guidewire was used for arterial
      occlusion. The power was alternating current. The effectiveness of the procedure
      was confirmed by arteriograms done immediately and 5 months later.

PMID- 1200242
TI  - External iliac artery blood flow in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans.
AB  - Blood flow in the left external iliac artery was measured by means of a
      densitometric technique in 21 patients with arteriosclerosis of the lower
      extremities and in 21 controls. Normal flow volumes were (mean +/- S.D.) 604 +/-
      104 ml./min. for males and 478 +/- ml./min. for females. Flow volume was
      significantly lower in the patients with ischemia of the legs. There was no
      correlation between flow volume through the artery and the degree of stenosis at
      its narrowest point. The diameter of the iliac artery and the flow volume were
      significantly larger in males than in females; however, flow velocity was
      significantly larger in females.

PMID- 1200241
TI  - Technique and complications of transumbilical catheterization of the portal vein
      and its tributaries.
AB  - In 120 patients who had 127 transumbilical catheterizations of the portal vein,
      33 of pancreatic veins, and 15 for other portal tributaries, the surgical success
      rate was 91 per cent over-all, increasing to 95 per cent during the last year.
      Catheterization was made with the same technique as is used for arteriography.
      The most important complication was thrombosis of the portal vein, giving slight
      transient symptoms in 2 patients. Other complications were wound infection,
      suture granuloma, herniation in the linea alba, bleeding from the operative
      wound, and subintimal injections. As the technique may yield good results in
      studies of drug resorption, flow studies, detection of metastases, and
      investigation of pancreatic veins, it seems justified in suitable patients
      despite the complication rate. None of the complications produced lasting
      disability.

PMID- 1200243
TI  - Mesenteric angiography of non-tropical sprue.
AB  - Detailed angiographic findings in 2 cases of proved sprue are described. There
      are dilatation of the superior mesenteric artery and its small bowel branches
      selectively, and increased capillary blush. Early draining into dilated veins is
      also noted. These findings are similar to those of the superior mesenteric
      arteriogram performed with pharmacological vasodilators. This similarity suggests
      that the dilated vessels in non-tropical sprue may be due to capillary
      dilatation.

PMID- 1200245
TI  - Calcified intraluminal meconium in newborn males with imperforate anus.
      Enterolithiasis in the newborn.
AB  - Five cases are reported and reference is made to 3 previous similar cases of
      calcified intraluminal meconium in newborn males with "imperforate anus." A
      rectourinary fistula was found in most of the patients; none of the cases had
      meconium peritonitis. The calcifications may develop in areas of prolonged
      stasis; the possible added role of the mixture of urine and meconium in utero is
      raised.

PMID- 1200244
TI  - Persistent hyperextension of the neck in breech ("star-gazing fetus") and in
      transverse lie ("flying-fetus"): indication for cesarean section.
AB  - All pregnancies with a breech or transverse lie should be examined
      roentgenologically, at least after the onset of labor, and those in whom
      hyperextension of the neck persists should be sectioned to avoid the real danger
      of injury to the cervical cord incurred in vaginal delivery. The radiologist
      should not assume a seriously deformed fetus just from the hyperextension; most
      of these fetuses are otherwise normal.

PMID- 1200246
TI  - Pancreatitis and the battered child syndrome. Report of 2 cases with skeletal
      involvement.
AB  - Two cases of pancreatitis associated with the trauma of child abuse are reported.
      In the first case the skeletal survey was initially negative but the child later
      showed widespread roentgen evidence of intramedullary necrosis and periosteal new
      bone reaction. These lesions healed without treatment. In the second patient, the
      pancreatitis was accompanied by ascites and subsequently by bile peritonitis,
      duodenal obstruction, and a bile-filled abscess in the pancreas. This patient had
      skeletal fractures. The clinical problems of these 2 patients emphasize the need
      not only to relate pancreatitis to the battered child syndrome but also to
      distinguish between the bone changes due to direct trauma and those related to
      pancreatitis.

PMID- 1200247
TI  - Ultrasound in the management of elective abortion.
AB  - Diagnostic ultrasound has an important place to play in aiding the obstetrician
      who has an abortion practice. It is most useful in accurately dating the time of
      conception. Based on sonographic dating, an abortion may be possible in patients
      with multiple pregnancy or in whom there is a mass in addition to pregnancy. The
      performance of a saline or urea abortion is made easier since the precise site of
      the uterus can be mapped out. Once an abortion has commenced, the presence or
      absence of retained products can be easily verified by ultrasound.

PMID- 1200248
TI  - Roentgenologic evaluation of a new prosthetic sphincter for the treatment of
      urinary incontinence.
AB  - A new prosthetic device for the treatment of urinary incontinence, caused by a
      variety of etiologies, has been used 8 times at the University of Michigan
      Medical Center. Since the entire device is filled with contrast medium, the
      radiologist plays a major role in its evaluation. A brief description of the
      implantable urinary sphincter and its normal and abnormal roentgenographic
      appearances are presented and discussed. Roentgenologic findings which could lead
      to early clinical detection of mechanical failure are illustrated.

PMID- 1200249
TI  - Xerographic evaluation of radical vulvectomy specimens.
AB  - Xerography of the radical vulvectomy specimen provides a permanent and visible
      record of the major lymph node distribution within the specimen. Such
      documentation is valuable to both pathologist and surgeon alike when making
      decisions regarding the necessity of further therapy. The combined effort
      represented by this "team" approach results in a high degree of accuracy not
      available with other techniques. Only if this kind of lymph node assessment is
      applied to each and every case will it be possible to evaluate accurately the
      logic and efficacy of the new therapeutic concepts regarding invasive carcinoma
      of the vulva.

PMID- 1200250
TI  - Operative cholangiography: the obligation of the radiologist to the surgeon and
      his patient.

PMID- 1200251
TI  - Trivittatus virus infections in wild mammals and sentinel rabbits in central
      Iowa.
AB  - A serological survey was conducted in Iowa to determine the prevalence rate of
      California group virus antibodies in sera of several vertebrate species. Serum
      specimens were assayed for infectivity-neutralizing antibody in a
      microneutralization system with baby hamster kidney cell culture. Of 77 sera
      assayed, 21 (27%) neutralized trivittatus (TVT) virus infectivity. The antibody
      prevalence rate was highest for eastern cottontail rabbits inasmuch as 46%
      (10/22) of the serum specimens form this species possessed neutralizing activity.
      Other vertebrate species having TVT virus antibody included the fox squirrel, 29%
      (7/24), opossum, 12% (3/25), and raccoon, 17% (1/6). One cottontail rabbit serum
      neutralized both TVT virus and Jamestown Canyon (JC) virus infectivity, and one
      opossum serum specimen neutralized JC virus. None of the vertebrate sera
      neutralized La Crosse, St. Louis encephalitis, or western equine
      encephalomyelitis virus infectivity. Trivittatus virus neutralizing antibody was
      detected in the sera of sentinel rabbits, and TVT virus was isolated from the
      blood collected from one of these sentinels shortly after the first population
      peak of adult Aedes trivittatus mosquitoes in 1973. The implications of these
      data and the possibility of trans-ovarial transmission of TVT virus in A.
      trivittatus are discussed.

PMID- 1200252
TI  - Soldado virus (Hughes group) from Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis
      (Ixodoidea: Argasidae) infesting Sooty Tern colonies in the Seychelles, Indian
      Ocean.
AB  - In the summer of 1973, about 5,000 pairs of adult Sooty Terns abandoned a
      specific part of their breeding grounds on Bird Island in the Seychelles.
      Incubated eggs and newly hatched chicks were left unattended and the area was not
      reoccupied in 1974. Numerous Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis occurred in the
      deserted part in both years, but few or none in the area where bird breeding was
      normal. Persons visiting the deserted area were bitten by many ticks and
      experienced severe pruritus persisting for several days. In 1973 and 1974,
      Soldado (SOL) virus (Hughes serogroup) was isolated from the ticks taken on Bird
      Island from the ground and from sick and not visibly sick chicks of the Sooty
      Tern, and also from nests of the Blue-faced Booby on Des Noeufs Island. When
      ticks from the ground and from Sooty Tern chicks were fed on domestic chicks,
      they transmitted SOL virus and caused the death of their hosts. Soldado virus was
      previously known only from O. (A.) capensis-group ticks infesting marine bird
      colonies on islands off Trinidad and in a lake in Ethiopia. We have also isolated
      SOL virus from another species of the subgenus Alectorobius from Wales, Great
      Britain. Marine bird migrations undoubtedly account for the remarkably extensive
      distribution of SOL virus. The role of migration in the mechanisms and dynamics
      of tick and virus distribution, and the comparative growth cycles of Hughes
      serogroup viruses in Ornithodoros ticks, remain to be determined for a better
      epidemiological understanding of this agent.

PMID- 1200253
TI  - Studies on x-ray induced chromosomal translocations in Anopheles albimanus. I.
      Chromosomal translocations and genetic control.

PMID- 1200254
TI  - Studies on x-ray induced chromosomal translocations in Anopheles albimanus. II.
      Laboratory evaluation of sexual competitiveness of translocation males.

PMID- 1200255
TI  - Rubella antibody status in an Angola population.

PMID- 1200256
TI  - Visceral leishmaniasis in Honduras. Report of three proven cases and a suspected
      case.

PMID- 1200257
TI  - Eosinophilic meningitis in Thailand. Clinical studies of 484 typical cases
      probably caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
AB  - Six hundred and forty-six patients with an eosinophilic pleocytosis were studied
      in Thailand over a 3-year period ending in March 1968. It was possible to
      segregate the cases into two clinical entities, which were termed typical
      eosinophilic meningitis and eosinophilic myeloencephalitis respectively. The
      clinical and laboratory finding of 484 cases of typical eosinophilic meningitis
      are reported here. The latter entity was generally benign and self-limited with a
      case mortality ratio of less than 0.5%. Acute severe headache was the most
      significant symptom. Fever was uncommon and abnormal neurologic findings were
      absent in 58% of cases. Sixteen percent of patients had visual impairment and 12%
      had an abnormal fundus. Impairment of the sensorium of a slowly progressive type
      and weakness of the extremities without localization were noted in 5% and less
      than 1% of patients, respectively. These signs occurred only in severely ill
      patients. Involvement of the cranial nerves was found in 17% of patients.
      Paralysis of the external rectus muscle of the eye and facial paralysis were
      found in 3% and 4%, respectively. The cerebrospinal fluid was characteristically
      turbid with a leucocyte count of more than 500 cells per mm3 in 75% of cases. It
      appeared that specific treatment of the disease was not indicated and that
      steroids and antibiotics did not have a definite beneficial effect on the course
      of the illness.

PMID- 1200258
TI  - Mebendazole in the treatment of intestinal capillariasis.

PMID- 1200259
TI  - Temporary human infection with a Phocanema sp. larva.

PMID- 1200260
TI  - Resistance to infection with Schistosoma mansoni after immunization with worm
      extracts or live cercariae: role of cytotoxic antibody in mice and guinea pigs.

PMID- 1200261
TI  - Electrophoretic studies of the Yersiniae.

PMID- 1200263
TI  - Bile reflux gastritis. Contribution of inadequate gastric emptying.

PMID- 1200262
TI  - Studies on the epidemiology of California encephalitis in an endemic area in Ohio
      in 1971.

PMID- 1200264
TI  - Diagnosis and management of bile duct strictures.
AB  - In the majority of patients, strictures of the common bile duct result from an
      injury to the duct. The earlier the injury is repaired or the more quickly the
      diagnosis of stricture is made and repaired, with antibiotics to prevent
      infection, the better are the results of the repair. Five types of repair have
      been utilized: (1) choledochoduodenostomy, (2) duct-to-duct repair, (3)
      choledochojejunostomy, (4) plastic revision of the stricture, or (5) dilatation
      of a previous stricture when multiple, previous operative procedures or the
      difficulty of operative exposure proves too great for adequate repair. Our
      overall results after repair of biliary stricture are good or excellent in 84 per
      cent of patients. We have had the best results in patients in whom
      choledochoduodenostomy was performed.

PMID- 1200265
TI  - Complications of surgery of the abdominal aorta.
AB  - Surgery of the aorta has become a routine since Astley Cooper first attempted to
      ligate the aorta. It is major surgery that requires careful technic,
      understanding of the disease process, and a full knowledge of the complications
      that may ensue. Most of the complications are preventable, and if the operator
      recognizes their possibility, most can be prevented. When complications occur,
      the operator must be prepared to handle them immediately since most of them are
      catastrophic and usually life-threatening to the patient. Surgery of the aorta
      should never be performed in a hospital that does not have the backup facilities
      to manage these complications. This requires the immediate availability of large
      quantities of blood and the various clotting factors that may be necessary in
      some patients. In addition, arteriography must be available constantly and on a
      moment's notice, because it is often necessary in making the diagnosis. Finally,
      a good intensive care unit with skilled respiratory therapists is mandatory in
      handling the complications of this type of operation. Many such patients have had
      at least one myocardial infarction before operation on the aorta and many of the
      complications will lead to massive distension of the abdomen with high diaphragm,
      atelectasis, and the need for continual respiratory care if the patient is to
      survive.

PMID- 1200266
TI  - Surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease of the colon. Ulcerative colitis
      and granulomatous (Crohn's) colitis.

PMID- 1200267
TI  - The functional consequences of colectomy.
AB  - The colon plays a decisive role in salt and water conservation in the intact
      human, normally removing from the terminal intestine approximately one liter of
      isotonic fluid that escapes small bowel absorption. The primary purpose of this
      colon function is probably to prevent extracellular fluid volume depletion and
      only incidentally to produce a normal solid stool. The patient with an ileostomy
      can partly adapt to replace the absorptive capacity lost after colectomy but is
      still vulnerable if salt and water intake ceases completely. In contrast,
      patients with ileorectostomies and some patients with continent ileostomies can
      almost totally adapt to loss of the colon. These findings suggest that the ileal
      mucosa can adapt under certain conditions to absorb at rates and concentrations
      previously thought impossible. This property of ileal mucosa might be utilized in
      the future to significantly improve the condition of patients who require total
      colectomy.

PMID- 1200268
TI  - Ineffectiveness of methylprednisolone in the treatment of pulmonary dysfunction
      after cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - Fifty consecutive adults undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary
      bypass received a single dose of methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) at the time of
      anesthesia. The results were compared with those in the immediately preceding
      fifty adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery and who did not
      receive corticosteroids. The age, sex, and weight of the patient, mortality,
      nature of the lesions treated surgically, bypass time, smoking history,
      physiologic evidence of preexisting lung disease, preoperative New York Heart
      Association class, preoperative left ventricular end diastolic pressure,
      incidence and duration of the postoperative low cardiac output syndrome,
      postoperative arrhythmias, operative and postoperative blood loss and
      postoperative hours of respiratory support, dynamic lung-thorax compliance,
      alveolar arterial oxygen gradient, fraction of wasted ventilation, and incidence
      of tracheostomy were tabulated and statistically contrasted. The two groups were
      comparable relative to all preoperative factors, except for a slightly higher end
      diastolic pressure in the patients who received steroids. Methylprednisolone
      given at the time of anesthesia was associated with a higher intraoperative blood
      loss, a higher incidence of low cardiac output syndrome, and an increased
      requirement for postoperative mechanical ventilation. As bypass time approached
      three hours, the proportion of patients requiring prolonged support in both
      groups became similar. It was concluded that pretreatment with methylprednisolone
      in massive doses had an overall adverse cardiopulmonary effect.

PMID- 1200269
TI  - Relationship of critical uptake volume to energy production and endotoxemia in
      late hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 1200270
TI  - Role of cortisol in the restitution of blood volume after hemorrhage.
AB  - The restitution of blood volume and plasma protein after 10 per cent hemorrhage
      was studied in intact dogs and in dogs subjected to adrenalectomy and infused
      with cortisol at basal or physiologically increased rates. The results suggest
      that increased extracellular osmolality, mediated by an increased secretion of
      cortisol, mediates, in turn, the restitution of protein and plasma volume. The
      results are best explained by the hypothesis that after hemorrhage, as a direct
      result of an increased secretion of cortisol, extracellular osmolality increases.
      A shift of fluid from cells to interstitium follows, increasing the interstitial
      pressure. This latter increase leads to an increased return of protein through
      the lymphatics and to an increased return of fluid through both lymphatics and
      capillaries.

PMID- 1200272
TI  - Orbital floor "blowout" fractures. Reconstruction using autogenous maxillary wall
      bone grafts.

PMID- 1200271
TI  - Immunotherapy for malignant lesions in man using immunogenic ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 1200273
TI  - Results of complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot in 156 consecutive patients.

PMID- 1200274
TI  - Thoracic outlet compression syndrome.
AB  - Forty-nine patients underwent sixty-four procedures for the treatment of the
      thoracic outlet compression syndrome. Detailed history and careful physical
      examination are of paramount importance in diagnosing this disease. Our findings
      strongly suggest that a positive arteriogram is confirmatory evidence of the
      thoracic outlet compression syndrome. Two problems are identified as the source
      of unsatisfactory results in this series: poor selection of patients and the
      regeneration of rib and dense scar tissue with recurrence of compression
      symptoms. We favor the transaxillary approach to resection of the first rib
      because it provides satisfactory exposure for removal of the entire rib and
      utilizes a more cosmetically pleasing incision. Division of muscles, traction on
      nerves, and entrance into a body cavity are not required, operating time and
      hospital stay are shortened, and blood loss is minimized. Favorable long-term
      results were seen in 86 per cent of the patients treated.

PMID- 1200275
TI  - Presidential address and first annual Edgar Poth lecture. What's good about
      medicine. A look at the record.

PMID- 1200276
TI  - The staging of Hodgkin's disease. Preoperative clinical assessment versus
      operative evaluation.
AB  - Fifty consecutive patients with the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, confirmed by
      lymph node biopsy, underwent preoperative clinical assessment and staging
      laparotomy between 1969 and 1974. Preoperative evaluation consisted of bone
      marrow examination, liver and spleen scans, intravenous pyelograms,
      lymphangiograms, and standard chemical laboratory tests. Operative evaluation
      consisted of splenectomy, liver biopsy, periaortic, mesenteric, and celiac lymph
      node biopsy, appendectomy, and iliac crest bone biopsy. Twenty-three patients (46
      per cent) were improperly staged by preoperative clinical assessment, with twelve
      patients being overstaged and eleven patients being understaged. Liver and spleen
      scans, and intravenous pyelograms were of little value in assessing organ
      involvement with Hodgkin's disease. Lymphangiograms similarly were of
      questionable value, being interpreted as positive in twenty-one patients but
      histologically involved in only seven patients (overread, 67 per cent. Fourteen
      patients had negative lymphangiograms, with five being histologically involved
      (underread, 36 per cent). There was a 22 per cent incidence of pulmonary
      complication (atelectasis, pneumonitis) but no deaths or life-threatening
      complications.

PMID- 1200278
TI  - Major surgery in leukemia.
AB  - Complications of leukemia that required surgery in twenty-five patients over a
      five year interval were reviewed. Sixteen patients with chronic leukemia
      underwent a total of twenty-one operations with one operative death. Nine
      patients with acute leukemia required ten operations, with two operative deaths.
      These patients tend to have specific types of complications that are particular
      to leukemic patients, and with proper support the majority of these patients can
      be benefited.

PMID- 1200277
TI  - Soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity. Multidisciplinary therapy employing
      hyperthermic perfusion.
AB  - Cultured human sarcomatous cells that have been tested in our laboratory are more
      sensitive to the lethal effects of heat than are the normal cells from which they
      are derived. During an eight year period from March 1967 to March 1975, thirty
      seven patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities were treated with
      hyperthermic perfusion and, when possible, radiation therapy and radical local
      excision. Despite the fact that these tumors arise on the extremity, diagnosis
      was often delayed. With meticulous attention to all details, hyperthermic
      perfusion was performed with a minimum of morbidity and mortality. The combined
      use of hyperthermic perfusion, radiation therapy, and delayed excision has
      greatly reduced the necessity for amputation. Many useful limbs, heretofore not
      considered salvageable, can be saved with this method of treatment. Also, the
      possibility exists that destruction of tumor within the extremity followed by
      delayed excision enhances the immune response of the patient.

PMID- 1200279
TI  - Intraoperative autotransfusion in the management of massive hemorrhage.

PMID- 1200280
TI  - Retroperitoneal duodenal injury due to blunt abdominal trauma.

PMID- 1200281
TI  - Major complications of median sternotomy.
AB  - Major sternal infections developed in eleven of 1,550 patients undergoing median
      sternotomy for operations on the heart. Nine patients had myocardial
      revascularization, six with internal mammary artery as the conduit. Seven of
      these patients have been salvaged by aggressive local wound management and
      systemic support. These survivors have a good outlook for treatment of their
      basic cardiac disease.

PMID- 1200282
TI  - Gastric outlet obstruction after omentopexy for perforated "acute" and "chronic"
      duodenal ulceration.
AB  - One hundred and eighty-seven men, aged twenty to eighty years with an average of
      forty-eight years, underwent surgery for perforated duodenal ulcer. Seventeen
      received an immediate definitive procedure; none died. Nine (5 per cent) of the
      remaining 170 who had omentopexy died one to fifteen days postoperatively. They
      were older and waited longer. One hundred and twenty-one patients (76 per cent)
      were adequately followed. Thirty-nine (32 per cent) had "acute" perforation and
      eighty-two had "chronic" perforation. Twenty-four (30 per cent) of the latter
      underwent definitive operation within three months without mortality. Overall, 25
      per cent of the ninety-nine patients followed after omentopexy required
      reoperation within twelve months. However, only three (8 per cent) of the thirty
      nine with "acute" perforation required operation as compared with twenty-one (37
      per cent) of the fifty-eight with "chronic" perforation. The main reason for
      early operation in the "chronic" group was obstruction; 21 per cent failed to
      empty their stomach immediately or soon after omentopexy and half as many either
      had pain or bled severely within twelve months and also required reoperation. The
      "acute" and "chronic" groups continued to differ in their need for further
      operation. Overall, 57 per cent of the ninety-seven patients required a
      definitive operation one to twenty-four years later. However, only ten of the
      thirty-nine patients (26 per cent) in the "acute" group required definitive
      operation as compared with forty-five of the fifty-eight patients (77 per cent)
      in the "chronic" group. Outlet obstruction of the stomach was the main indication
      for definitive surgery in twenty-six of the fifty-five (47 per cent)
      reoperations. This high incidence of gastric obstruction after omentopexy was not
      peculiar to our institution since, over the past six years, eighteen patients
      having omentopexy elsewhere had to be operated on for this complication. We
      recommend that patients with "chronic" perforation should not undergo omentopexy
      but rather immediate vagotomy and a drainage procedure.

PMID- 1200283
TI  - Repair of peristomal colostomy hernias.
AB  - Peristomal herniation represents the second most common late complication of
      abdominal wall enterostomy. Early herniation results from the creation of too
      large of a fascial defect. Late herniation is caused by a gradual enlargement of
      the fascial defect because of a poor selection of the colostomy site or an
      intrinsic weakness of the fascia due to the patient's age or general condition.
      Once peristomal herniation occurs, operative repair should be considered in an
      otherwise healthy person. Previous reports advocate primary repair of the
      herniation. In the present series of nine patients, three patients developed
      recurrence of the hernia six to eight months after primary repair. Six patients
      had colostomy hernia repairs that involved moving the site of the original stoma.
      All of these repairs remain intact at an average of two years, nine months
      (range, four months to six years). We therefore believe that the solution to the
      problem of recurrent colostomy herniation lies in the transposition of the site
      of the original colostomy.

PMID- 1200284
TI  - Pulmonary embolism. An unrecognized event in severely burned patients.

PMID- 1200285
TI  - Thoracic outlet compression. Application of positional arteriographic and nerve
      conduction studies.
AB  - Positional arteriography has not proved to be of significant assistance in the
      evaluation of patients with thoracic outlet compression and should be reserved
      for those patients presenting with an obvious arterial problem such as aneurysm,
      obstruction, or embolic phenomena. Positional ulnar nerve conduction times were
      positive in 88 per cent of all patients operated on for thoracic outlet
      compression. Patients with normal neutral and elevated velocities through the
      outlet should be approached cautiously from a surgical standpoint. We believe
      that positional ulnar nerve conduction times are a desirable addition to the
      diagnostic armamentarium of the physician evaluating the patient presenting with
      symptoms and signs of the thoracic outlet compression syndrome.

PMID- 1200286
TI  - Penetrating wounds of the cervical esophagus.
AB  - To determine trends in management, twenty-two years' experience with penetrating
      wounds of the cervical esophagus in thirty-nine patients has been evaluated.
      There were three deaths, all as a result of delayed operative repair. Experience
      gained from the earlier years of this study led to a marked reduction in
      mortality in the later years as a result of an increased index of clinical
      suspicion, coupled with an aggressive operative approach with primary closure and
      adequate drainage. A nonoperative approach has been suggested by others for small
      esophageal perforations after endoscopy and perforation from foreign objects. For
      penetrating injuries of the esophagus, operation and definitive repair is
      mandatory.

PMID- 1200287
TI  - Elective vascular reconstruction after trauma.
AB  - Elective vascular reconstruction was performed to correct 135 vascular lesions at
      Walter Reed Army Medical Center in patients who had sustained earlier vascular
      trauma. This represents approximately 7 per cent of the operations performed from
      1967 to 1974. Approximately three fourths of the lesions resulted from combat
      wounds and the remaining one fourth from civilian trauma. Of the 135 lesions,
      fifty-two were arteriovenous fistulas, thirty-five were false aneurysms, and the
      remaining forty-eight lesions involved thrombosis or stenosis. The popliteal
      artery was involved most frequently (nineteen lesions), closely followed by
      eighteen injuries to the superficial femoral artery and fourteen injuries to the
      brachial artery. In managing both false aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas,
      repair of the arterial injury was the major objective. However, particular effort
      was made to repair larger veins in the arteriovenous fistula category. Patients
      with arterial thrombosis and stenosis who had symptoms interfering with their
      daily activity have had successful vascular reconstruction utilizing a variety of
      technics. No operative or related postoperative deaths occurred in this group of
      patients. There was only one early postoperative graft occlusion, (0.7 per cent
      of the operations) and two late graft occlusions (1.5 per cent). Subsequently,
      additional vascular reconstruction was successful.

PMID- 1200288
TI  - Management of acute combined injuries to the aorta and inferior vena cava.
AB  - Major abdominal vascular injuries present problems in diagnosis, exposure, and
      management. Combined injuries to the abdominal aorta and vena cava are
      particularly lethal due to extensive blood loss, difficulty in sequential
      exposure, and the high incidence of associated injuries. Between 1953 and
      December 1974, ninety-one patients required emergency operations for abdominal
      aortic trauma at our city-county charity hospital. Twenty-nine of these had
      combined injuries to the abdominal aorta and vena cava, ten of whom had either an
      audible bruit preoperatively or a palpable thrill at exploration suggesting acute
      fistulas. Twenty-three injuries were secondary to gunshot wounds. Ten were
      located in the suprarenal aorta and vena cava. Management involved a variety of
      technics including intravascular shunts, adaptive exposures, Dacron prostheses,
      and autotransfusion. Survival rate was 27 per cent. Sixty-two per cent of the
      deaths were a function of extreme difficulty in controlling hemorrhage and
      exposure. There were no late recurrences of arteriovenous fistulas. Successful
      management of acute traumatic injury to both the abdominal aorta and vena cava
      requires rapid, aggressive surgical management, adaptive sequential control
      maneuvers, and application of technics and principles developed for elective
      vascular surgery.

PMID- 1200289
TI  - Ventilatory patterns after vertical and transverse upper abdominal incisions.

PMID- 1200290
TI  - Villous adenomas of the colon and rectum.
AB  - Our thirteen year experience with villous adenomas of the colon and rectum,
      embracing 264 patients, is reported. The average age of patients was sixty-two
      years with an almost equal sex distribution. Seventy-two per cent of the lesions
      occurred in the rectum and rectosigmoid and the most frequent symptoms were
      rectal bleeding and diarrhea. A positive correlation between size of adenoma and
      incidence of malignancy was noted. Although 55 per cent of the lesions were
      malignant, only 22 per cent harbored invasive carcinoma and only 10 per cent of
      the deaths were due to metastatic carcinoma. It is concluded that in the absence
      of invasive carcinoma, the clinical behavior of this tumor is relatively benign
      and a more conservative approach to the surgical management of this neoplasm
      should be encouraged.

PMID- 1200291
TI  - Interposition grafting for portal hypertension.
AB  - During the past six years, thirty-seven patients underwent interposition graft
      shunting for thirty-three instances of bleeding from varices and five instances
      of intractable ascites, either electively (twenty-seven instances) or as an
      emergency (eleven instances). Autogenous jugular vein was used in twenty-five
      instances, homologous vena cava in nine, and Dacron in four. Portacaval and
      mesocaval anastomoses were done in equal numbers (nineteen). Using Childs' method
      of clinical evaluation, thirty-three patients were Class C and four Class B.
      There were five (13.2 per cent) early deaths with one (3.5 per cent) in the
      elective and four (36 per cent) in the emergency group. Twelve grafts were open
      at autopsy, fifteen at splenoportography, and seven assumed patent because
      patients were asymptomatic. Two Dacron grafts and two homografts thrombosed.
      There were ten late deaths, only one related to graft failure. Apparently, the
      operation controls ascites, with autogenous jugular vein being the ideal
      material. Interposition grafting is a simple, safe procedure that can be used for
      portal decompression in patients with bleeding varices.

PMID- 1200292
TI  - Significance of serum amylase level in evaluating pancreatic trauma.
AB  - A series of fifty-one patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy for blunt
      abdominal trauma is reviewed. Attempts to correlate preoperative serum amylase
      levels with pancreatic injury were unsuccessful. We could find no statistically
      significant correlation between elevated serum amylase and pancreatic injury. The
      accuracy of the test improved somewhat with markedly abnormal serum amylase
      levels (greater than 300 Somogyi units/100 ml), but even at these levels the
      correlation was not significant. One must conclude that there is no correlation
      between elevated serum amylase and pancreatic injury in blunt abdominal trauma.
      Decisions as to the advisability of operation in patients with such trauma should
      therefore be based on other parameters.

PMID- 1200293
TI  - Pseudocalculus of the common bile duct. A dynamic radiographic differentiation
      from true retained stone.
AB  - Static T-tube cholangiographic evidence of distal common duct calculi may in fact
      be only "pseudocalculi," which might be elucidated by a dynamic fluoroscopic
      study. We have seen five such cases. X-ray evidence for this phenomenon is
      presented. Pertinent anatomy, physiology, and clinical considerations are
      discussed.

PMID- 1200294
TI  - Jaundice in patients with acute cholecystitis. Its validity as an indication for
      common bile duct exploration.
AB  - Our study demonstrates that (1) mild to moderate jaundice is frequently seen in
      patients with acute cholecystitis; (2) severe degrees of jaundice were seen in
      two patients without the presence of common duct stone or recognizable
      obstruction of the common bile duct; (3) only one of forty-one patients with
      acute cholecystitis had common bile duct stone; (4) jaundice does not appear to
      be a compelling reason for choledochotomy; and (5) less invasive technics such as
      intravenous and intraoperative cholangiography should suffice to exclude the
      possibility of common bile duct stone in patients with acute cholecystitis.

PMID- 1200295
TI  - Carcinoid tumor metastases. Prospective study of twenty-two patients.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with advanced metastatic carcinoid disease, most of whom were
      moribund were subjected to oral administration of 200 mg of 5-fluorotryptophan
      three times daily. Seven patients died from complications of the tumor before
      completing the course of one year's treatment. Of the fifteen patients who
      survived long enough to complete the year of therapy, the average additional
      survival time was 2.3 years, varying from one to over nine years. The average
      survival time after the diagnosis of advanced metastatic carcinoid disease was
      made and prior to the initiation of treatment with 5-fluorotryptophan in these
      patients was 5.5 years, varying from one to eight years. Side effects of the
      analog were limited to gastric upset in one patient only. The control of
      serotonin production and its associated symptoms was considered excellent. Slowly
      progressive tumor growth led ultimately to death in thirteen of the fifteen
      patients which was considered due to mechanical factors and not to hormone
      abnormalities. Two patients continue to survive with good quality of life nine
      and six years, respectively, after analog therapy. Life in patients with advanced
      metastatic carcinoid disease has been extended with good to excellent quality by
      the simple oral administration of the tryptophan analog, 5-fluorotryptophan.
      Tumor growth does not seem to have been affected by the analog.

PMID- 1200296
TI  - Carotid endarterectomy: Is a shunt necessary?
AB  - Seventy-seven carotid endarterectomies performed on fifty-nine patients, using
      induced systemic hypertension during carotid artery clamping, were reviewed. The
      risk of cerebral ischemia is reduced to a minimum by this technic. The
      measurement of the internal carotid artery stump pressure is an excellent
      guideline for the need of additional brain protection. An internal shunt is
      rarely necessary. Thromboembolic phenomena contributed to the major neurologic
      complications encountered (two deaths and one stroke). Extreme gentleness and
      careful surgical technic cannot be overemphasized.

PMID- 1200297
TI  - [Principles of surgical treatment of benign ovarian tumors].

PMID- 1200298
TI  - [Surgery of the ovaries in pubertal-juvenile dyspituitarism].

PMID- 1200299
TI  - [Local anesthesia during operations in the region of the perineum].

PMID- 1200300
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of different methods of colpopoesis].

PMID- 1200301
TI  - [Treatment of patients with vesico-vaginal fistulas].

PMID- 1200302
TI  - [Change of the renal function under the effect of anesthesia and surgery in
      gynecological patients].

PMID- 1200303
TI  - [State of hemodynamics in gynecological patients operated on under peridural
      anesthesia].

PMID- 1200304
TI  - [Electroanalgesia as a method of postoperative anesthesia].

PMID- 1200305
TI  - [Serotonin in complex treatment of uterine and ovarian neoplasms].

PMID- 1200306
TI  - [Mesonephric cancer of the uterine cervix in girls under 1 year of age].

PMID- 1200307
TI  - [Possibilities of early diagnosis of tumors of female genital organs].

PMID- 1200308
TI  - [Determination of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in ovarian tumors].

PMID- 1200309
TI  - [Retroperitoneal neoplasms of the small pelvis].

PMID- 1200310
TI  - [Characteristics of the content and distribution of mast cells in edematous
      uterine myomas].

PMID- 1200311
TI  - [Circulating blood volume (CBV) after gynecologic operations].

PMID- 1200312
TI  - [Surgical treatment of pulmonary embolism in obstetrical-gynecological practice].

PMID- 1200313
TI  - [Conduction of hysterosalpingography without the use of pulling forceps].

PMID- 1200314
TI  - [Use of forceps with vacuum fixation for hysterography and hydrotubation].

PMID- 1200315
TI  - [5-year experience with the use of a disinfectant, pervomur, for fast treatment
      of surgeon's hands].

PMID- 1200316
TI  - [Physical factors in prevention and medical rehabilitation of patient after
      gynecological operations].

PMID- 1200317
TI  - [Diagnostic importance of lympho- and phlebography in ovarian neoplasms].

PMID- 1200319
TI  - Planning for the hereafter.

PMID- 1200318
TI  - Acute myocardial infarction in the absence of coronary arterial obstruction.

PMID- 1200320
TI  - Liver disease of the alcoholic: pathogenesis and metabolic complications.

PMID- 1200321
TI  - Molecular aspects of the elastic fiber as a site of vascular pathology.

PMID- 1200322
TI  - Pneumonias: usual and unusual etiologies.

PMID- 1200323
TI  - A partial Kluver-Bucy syndrome in man.

PMID- 1200324
TI  - Serum molybdenum, manganese, copper, zinc, iron and stature of dairymen in an
      Iris bog.

PMID- 1200325
TI  - Suicide, medicine and psychoanalysis.

PMID- 1200326
TI  - Changes in the obstetric management of the high risk obstetric patient and the
      low birth weight infant.

PMID- 1200327
TI  - Transmission and scanning electron microscope studies of calcified cartilage
      resorption.
AB  - The authors' previous report (Savostin-Asling and Asling, '73) demonstrated that
      Meckel's carilage is a favorable site for study of calcified cartilage
      resorption. In the present study the ultrastructural features at this resorption
      front have been examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopes (19
      day rat retus). Multinucleated giant cells chondroclasts) dominated the erosion
      front. The many features which they showed in common with osteoclasts included
      abundant mitochondria, vacuolation, lysonsomes, sparsity of rough-sufaced
      endoplasmic reticulum, and deep infoldings at loci of contact with calcified
      matrix. Crumbling of matrix (with mineral crystals penetrating between these
      foldings) and fragmentation of collagen fibrils were also seen. The propensity of
      chondroclasts for spanning several opened lacunae provided special opportunity to
      demonstrate cell surface modifications in presence or absence of matrix contact.
      Amebiod processes extending into lacunae were seen by both transmission and
      scanning procedures; they were sometimes tipped with a veil of filamentous
      processes as small as 0.3 mum in diameter. Most hypertrophic chondrocytes. when
      released from lacunae, appeared to be disintegrating. However, in accord with
      previous evidence of their possible merger with chondroclasts (in light
      microscopic studies) there was also evidence for breakdown of cell walls between
      a chondroclast and a chondrocyte in intimate contact, with possibility of
      cytoplasmic continuity.

PMID- 1200328
TI  - Kinetics of pulmonary epithelial proliferation during prenatal growth of the
      mouse lung.
AB  - Autoradiographic methods were used to analyze cell kinetics in peripheral
      epithelium of the fetal mouse lung, days 15-18. The 3H labeling index decreased
      in proportion to increases in fetal lung and body weight from day 15 to day 18.
      Cell-cycle determination estimated from the percent of labeled metaphases at
      intervals after 3H thymidine injection showed the shortest cell-cycle time (12.25
      hours) on day 15 during the precanal stage of growth. Total cycle time (Tc)
      increased by approximately one hour on each subsequent day. Between days 15 and
      16 Tc increased due to a 1-hour increase in the post mitotic interphase (G1);
      thereafter, increases in Tc could be ascribed almost entirely to lengthening of
      the DNA symthetic period. A comparison of cell-cycle time in central and
      peripheral tubules of the same lungs on day 15 showed a slower cell cycle in the
      central tubules than in the peripheral branches. An estimate of the growth
      fraction (GF) on each day based on calculated and ovserved cell-cycle time showed
      that GF was 1 on days 15 and 16, decreasing to 0.69 on day 17 and 0.27 on day 18.
      Thus cell-cycle time increases with lung maturation and it increases from
      peripheral to central zones of the bronchial tree. The greater part of the
      observed decline in growth rate as the prenatal phase of growth is completed was
      due largely to a decrease in the fraction of cells in the cell cycle.

PMID- 1200329
TI  - Morphological studies on the synthesis of secretory granules in convoluted
      tubules of mouse submandibular gland.
AB  - The synthesis of zymogen-like secretory granules in convoluted tubules of mouse
      submandibular gland (SMG) was investigated by histometry, light microscopy and
      electron microscopy. In normal males secretory granules in the SMG increased
      greatly from 25 days after birth and reached a maximum level 50 days after birth.
      Castration of adult male mice markedly decreased the level, but it was completely
      restored by testosterone administration. A parallel was found between change in
      the granule level and the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the
      convoluted tubular cells during development or after various treatments.
      Development of the Golgi apparatus was also observed in the cells when the
      granules increase. Both the increase in the granules and in the RER induced by
      testosterone were prevented by actinomycin D or puromycin. These results indicate
      that the granule contents are synthesized on the RER under the control of
      testosterone, and then condensed in the Golgi apparatus.

PMID- 1200330
TI  - Morphogenesis of the carpal elements in the regenerating forelimb of adult
      Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens.
AB  - This study is concerned with the morphogenesis of the carpal elements in the
      regenerating forelimb of the adult newt. Blastema cells surrounding the remnant
      bony stumps begin to differentiate into cartilage on the twentieth post
      amputation day. Subsequently, masses of carilage build up from the radial and
      ulnar stumps. The radial mass is larger and differentiates more rapidly than the
      ulnar mass. By the fifty-fifth post-amputation day, the eight basic carpal
      elements are formed, with fusion of two of the units, intermedium with ulmare,
      occurring by the seventieth day. The completed regenerate possesses the seven
      carpal elements characteristic of the normal adult limb. The present results show
      that during limb regeneration in the adult newt the carpal elements are restored
      to their original number and position and that the pattern of such carpal
      differentiation proceeds in a proximodistal direction influenced by the stump
      remnants of the radius and ulna.

PMID- 1200331
TI  - Dissection casts of the human brain.
AB  - A simple, inexpensive method of making accurate permanent casts of brain
      dissections is described. Dissected brain preparations are used to produce
      silicone rubber molds. Methyl methacrylate is used to make the hard plastic
      models.

PMID- 1200332
TI  - Skeletal effects of magnesium deficiency in normal, ovariectomized, and estrogen
      treated rats.
AB  - The effects of magnesium deficiency in ovariectomized and estrogen-treated rats
      were examined in histological sections of bones and various soft tissues. The
      changes observed in the femora of intact rats deprived of magnesium for three
      weeks were: 1. a general increase in diaphyseal thickness, 2. the presence of
      localized fibrous or bony-like masses in subperiosteal and metaphyseal sites, and
      3. the occurrence, although rare, of endosteal hyperplasia. In ovariectomized,
      magniesium-deprived animals, the incidence and location of fibrous masses were
      similar to that in the femora of magnesium-deficient intact rats; however, no
      increase in diaphyseal thickness was noted. Daily injections of 25 mug estradiol
      caused a reduction of the frequency of skeletal hyperplasia from 80% to 20%, as
      well as a reduction in femoral diaphyseal thickness. Estradiol hormone
      administration also brought about a marked alleviation of the dermal and neural
      manifestations of magnesium deficiency, but, at the same time, caused an
      exacerbation of renal calcinosis.

PMID- 1200333
TI  - Post-natal development of the median eminence of the guinea pig.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the median eminence of neonatal (newborn) 1-, 3-, 5-, and
      10-day old) and adult guinea pigs was studied to determine the dynamic changes
      occurring in this structure during early life. At birth the portal vasculature
      consists of the Mantelplexus and a few, non-fenestrated capillary loops. The
      number of ansae and the degree of fenestration increase rapidly after birth. The
      abundance of cytoplasmic and ciliary projections into the ventricular recess and
      the large numbers of organelles indicate that the ependymal cells are more active
      in the neonatal period than in the adult male. Moreover, the ependymal endfeet
      cover most of the surface area of the primary portal plexus during this time. The
      neuronal layers of the median eminence are difficult to distinguish at birth due
      to the lack of myelinated fibers in the zona interna. Significant myelination
      appears on day 3 but is not complete until day 10. There is a progressive
      increase in the numbers of Herring bodies and large neuro-secretory granules
      (1,500-1,700 A) during this same time period. In the zona externa, few nerve
      terminals abut on the perivascular space until day 3. Increases in numbers of
      granules per axon profile were noted for each day after birth. Despite the
      relatively long gestation period of the guinea pig (68-72 days), the morphologic
      appearance of the median eminence at birth suggests that the neurovascular link
      controlling anterior pituitary function is not yet complete.

PMID- 1200334
TI  - Intercellular junctions of rat endocardium.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the intercellular junctions of rat endocardium has been
      characterized following lanthanum exposure in vitro and uranyl acetate staining
      en bloc. The interendothelial clefts of the endocardium run either a relatively
      straight or convoluted course and posses one or two loci where the plasma
      membranes are in close apposition or form punctate fusions. Elongate
      restrictions, that exhibit hexagonal arrays of subunits following lanthanum
      immersion (gap junctions), are also present in the intercellular endocardial
      clefts. The occurrence of interendothelial clefts of endocardium lacking
      occlusive foci can account for the permeability properties of ventricular
      endocardium, where the direction of diffusion of macromolecules has been
      attributed to pressure gradients between ventricular cavity and myocardium. The
      relationship of gap junctions to possible electrical phenomena within the
      endocardium is also discussed.

PMID- 1200335
TI  - [The biological significance of zinc (author's transl)].
AB  - Zinc takes part in the catalytic function of many metalloenzymes. In others it
      plays a role in conformational stability. In zinc deficient animals protein
      synthesis is disturbed. Conversely zinc metabolism is influenced by protein
      deficiency. Zinc takes part in drug metabolism, in mobilizing vitamin A from the
      liver, and in a system defending the organism against free radical damage. Zinc
      distribution in the organism is influenced by steroid hormones and leucocytic
      endogenous mediators. Of the intracellular zinc only a small part is bound to
      metalloenzymes, most being coordinated to binding sites of nonspecific proteins.
      Thus the organism defends itself against conformational changes of irritable
      enzymes which may bind excess zinc to side chains. Zinc can protect the organism
      against cadmium toxicity. In the serum the smaller part of zinc is firmly bound
      to several specific proteins, the majority being loosely bound to albumin. Some
      aspects of human zinc metabolism in health and disease are reviewed. Zinc
      deficiency in man is rare. In Iran and Egypt a syndrome of iron and zinc
      deficiency associated with anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly, dwarfism, and
      hypogonadism is known. In wound healing and tissue repair substitution of zinc is
      beneficial only if a zinc deficiency exists. For purposes of long term parenteral
      nutrition zinc should be added to the different infusion solutions.

PMID- 1200336
TI  - [Effect of ethrane on the circulatory parameters of geriatric patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The cardiovascular effects of enflurane in geriatric patients have been compared
      with the effects of this anaesthetic agent in a group of young patients. The
      degree of cardiovascular depression in geriatric patients was much greater than
      in the young patients despite the smaller inspired concentration of enflurane
      necessary to produce a similar depth of anaesthesia. In comparison with halothane
      and neuroleptanaesthesia, enflurane produced the greatest decrease in cardiac
      output. The mean arterial pressure, however, was quite well maintained due to a
      simultaneous increase in total peripheral resistance.

PMID- 1200337
TI  - The effects of ketamine and innovar on the renal cortical and medullary blood
      flow of the dog.
AB  - To study the effects of Ketamine and Innovar on renal function, the renal
      cortical and medullary blood flows of dog were measured using a thermo-electrical
      flowmeter, along with the urine output, blood pressure and pulse rate. Ketamine
      decreased the renal cortical blood flow and the urine output. Innovar increased
      the renal cortical blood flow, but did not alter the medullary blood flow
      appreciably, and decreased the urine output. Neither of these variations in renal
      blood flows ran parallel with variations in the arterial pressure nor did
      variations in the urine output run parallel with those in the blood flows. All
      anaesthetic agents are inhibitory to kidney, but Innovar may be preferred to
      other anaesthetics in view of the finding that the renal blood flows are well
      maintained even under anaesthesia with this agent.

PMID- 1200338
TI  - [Chlorprothixene for premedication in children: oral versus intramuscular route
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of chlorprothixene (Taractan), a neuroleptic agent, administered
      either intramuscularly (1 mg/kg) or orally as a 4% solution (1,5-2 mg/kg), was
      compared in a double-blind study in 200 children between 11 months and 10 years
      of age. In addition, intramuscular 1-hyoscyamine (Bellafolin) was given to all
      patients 30 minutes before the induction of anaesthesia (0.005-0.01 mg/kg). With
      regard to antisalivary action, suppression of reflex irritability, frequency of
      post-anaesthetic vomiting, postoperative sedation and requirement of
      postoperative analgesics, there was no significant difference between the two
      methods. Preoperative sedation was slightly more pronounced with the
      intramuscular technique. An undesirable side-effect, hypotension, was observed
      more often after intramuscular than oral premedication. To obtain optimum effect,
      an interval of 2 hours between the oral premedication and induction of
      anaesthesia is recommended.

PMID- 1200339
TI  - [Ophthalmodynamographic and ophthalmodynamometric findings following irreversible
      loss of cerebral function (author's transl)].
AB  - In 12 patients with irreversible cessation of cerebral function (so-called "brain
      death") ophthalmodynamographic (ODG) measurements were made. In 8 of these
      ophthalmodynamometric (ODM) investigations were also made. ODG results were
      abnormal in all cases, pulsation volumes showing a deep decrease (x:16.8 mm3;x of
      mean arterial pressure 79,1 mm Hg). ODM measurements revealed highly scattered
      results, ophthalmic artery pressure being normal in 3, increased in 1, severely
      reduced in 2 patients.--In 2 other cases mere touching of the eye bulb by the
      ophthalmodynamometer caused a sudden complete collapse of the central retinal
      artery. Whereas the ODG results might already be considered as useful auxiliary
      findings, for definite evaluation of the clinical significance of ODG and ODM in
      diagnosing an intracranial circulatory, additional comparative investigations may
      be necessary.

PMID- 1200341
TI  - [A valve to facilitate indirect measurement of arterial blood pressure (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A conveniently sized valve has been designed to replace the customary bellows
      used for inflation of a sphygmomanometer or oscellotonometer cuff. It can be
      inserted in a length of thin plastic tubing connecting the cuff with the usual
      wall socket for compressed air. The arterial pressure is measured in the usual
      manner.

PMID- 1200340
TI  - [The treatment of respiratory failure in severe chest injury (author's transl)].
AB  - The use of artificial ventilation versus conservative treatment in 101 patients
      with severe chest injuries is reconsidered, because major ventilation therapy
      carries a high incidence of complications. This technique within the past few
      years has increasingly been replaced by differentiated conservative respiratory
      treatment. On the basis of a retrospective study it is concluded that under
      special conditions even the unstable chest accompanied by respiratory
      insufficiency may be treated successfully by this technique.

PMID- 1200342
TI  - [Precautionary measures in the use of colloidal blood substitutes].

PMID- 1200343
TI  - Electrophoretic behavior of protein dodecyl sulfate complexes in the presence of
      various amounts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

PMID- 1200344
TI  - Radioactive labeling of alpha-bungarotoxin with tritium.

PMID- 1200345
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic observations of polyacrylamide gels.

PMID- 1200346
TI  - A simple isotope derivative assay for prostaglandins and prostaglandin
      metabolites. I. Assay of e-type prostaglandins.

PMID- 1200347
TI  - Molar absorptivity and A 1 per cent 1 cm values for proteins at selected
      wavelengths of the ultraviolet and visible regions. XI.

PMID- 1200348
TI  - Determination of labeled adenine by means of adsorption on cellulose nitrate
      filters: a sensitive method for estimation of nucleosidase activity.

PMID- 1200349
TI  - A procedure for simultaneous preparation of large amounts of DNA and RNA by the
      use of potassium iodide gradients.

PMID- 1200350
TI  - Determination of total fluorine in serum and other biological materials by oxygen
      bomb and reverse extraction techniques.

PMID- 1200351
TI  - A rapid liquid chromatographic determination of S-adenosylhomocysteine in subgram
      amounts of tissue.

PMID- 1200352
TI  - A gas chromatographic assay for carnitine.

PMID- 1200353
TI  - A method using 3-O-methyl-D-glucose and phloretin for the determination of
      intracellular water space of cells in monolayer culture.

PMID- 1200355
TI  - Improved methodology for rapid and reproducible acid hydrolysis of food and
      purified proteins.

PMID- 1200354
TI  - Dual wavelength/stopped flow spectrophotometry: computer acquisition and
      analysis.

PMID- 1200356
TI  - Automatic procedures for determining amino acid sequences of peptides.

PMID- 1200357
TI  - Fat metabolism in higher plants. The determination of acyl-acyl carrier protein
      and acyl coenzyme A in a complex lipid mixture 1,2.

PMID- 1200358
TI  - Fluorescence titration with apoflavodoxin: a sensitive assay for riboflavin 5'
      phosphate and flavin adenine dinucleotide in mixtures.

PMID- 1200359
TI  - Estimation of parameters in double uptake systems.

PMID- 1200360
TI  - Estimation of labile sulfide in iron-sulfur proteins.

PMID- 1200361
TI  - A sedimentation procedure for the detection of binding to concanavalin A and
      heparin to lipoproteins.

PMID- 1200362
TI  - Interference of ethanol in the determination of tryptophan by the method of spies
      and chambers.

PMID- 1200363
TI  - A general method for quantitative separation of prostaglandins by paper
      chromatography.

PMID- 1200364
TI  - An inexpensive, efficient filtering manifold.

PMID- 1200365
TI  - On the application of Job's method of continuous variation to the stoichiometry
      of protein-ligand complexes.

PMID- 1200366
TI  - A sensitive method of glycogen determination in the presence of interfering
      substances utilizing the filter-paper technique.

PMID- 1200367
TI  - 5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid methyl ester: a possible artifact arising in the
      method of lindqvist.

PMID- 1200368
TI  - A urea-sensing membrane electrode for whole blood measurements.

PMID- 1200369
TI  - Quantitative measurements of inorganic and methyl arsenicals by gas-liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 1200370
TI  - Determination of seven trace elements in natural waters after separation by
      solvent extraction and anion-exchange chromatography.

PMID- 1200371
TI  - Enzyme analysis by means of the air-gap electrode--determination of urease and
      arginase by monitoring of the initial reaction rate.

PMID- 1200372
TI  - The determination of total phosphate in natural waters.

PMID- 1200374
TI  - An atomic absorption method for the determination of 20 elements in lake
      sediments after acid digestion.

PMID- 1200373
TI  - Rapid determination of cadmium in biological tissues by microsampling-cup atomic
      absorption spectrometry.

PMID- 1200375
TI  - A study of the absorption and fluorescence spectra of rivanol.

PMID- 1200376
TI  - The analysis of surface waters for iron, zinc and lead by coprecipitation on iron
      hydroxide and X-ray fluorescence.

PMID- 1200377
TI  - A separation scheme for the determination of trace elements in biological
      materials by neutron activation analysis.

PMID- 1200378
TI  - A novel enzyme electrode method for the determination of nitrite based on nitrite
      reductase.

PMID- 1200379
TI  - The determination of manganese in small samples of biological tissue by flameless
      atomic absorption spectrometry.

PMID- 1200380
TI  - High-pressure liquid chromatography of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of
      cigarette smoke condensate.

PMID- 1200382
TI  - The volatility of chromium from brewers yeast during assay.

PMID- 1200381
TI  - A rapid method of separation and determination of quaternary ammonium compounds
      involved in carnitine metabolism.

PMID- 1200383
TI  - Use of a clean-up method to improve specificity in the analysis of foodstuffs for
      volatile nitrosamines.

PMID- 1200384
TI  - [Qualitative and quantitative studies on the corpus geniculatum laterale (Cgl) of
      the laboratory rat. IV. Qualitative structure analysis of the pars dorsalis an on
      India-ink-injected Nissl preparation].
AB  - 1. The histological organization of the rat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
      (Cgld) has been analysed in Nissl-preparations following vessel injection with
      india ink. 2. The findings have been collected by means of a non-automatically
      visual scanning method. Every point is defined by 3 coordinates. 3. Different
      parameters have been collected in every point: the number of the 5 structural
      elements of the nervous tissue (neurons, fragments of capillaries, nuclei of
      astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia) and the hit points per structural
      element. 4. In addition the differentiation of about 15500 neurons in relay
      neurons and interneurons has been carried out. The ratio of the 2 types of
      neurons is about 14:1. 5. The collected values have been statistically analysed
      by correlation, regression and discriminatory analyses. 6. The results relate to
      the correlation between the structural elements and the rostrocaudal,
      lateromedial and ventrodorsal directions as well as the structural elements with
      another. 7. At 5 levels the Cgld has been mapped on the basis of neuron size,
      neuron density, capillary density, density of the 3 types of glial nuclei and the
      relative number of hit points per structural element. 8. In the Cgld we
      distinguish 2 portions regarding the neuron size. The mediocellular portion
      occupies the lateral, ventral and caudal parts and encloses a magnocellular
      portion like a coat. 9. The distribution pattern of the interneurons does not
      correlate with the size of neurons. 10. The capillaries tend to have a greater
      density in the lateral area of the Cgld. 11. The correlation and regression
      coefficientes and the distribution pattern of the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes
      suggest that both glial types show a reciproke ratio in the Cgld. 12. The
      distribution pattern of the microglia is relatively uniform. 13. Mapping the Cgld
      we have got a model conception of its structural condition corresponding with the
      common mammalian scheme. 14. By the discriminatory analysis zones of input and
      fields of projection have been discriminated. It was possible to discriminate the
      ipsi- and contralateral input zones, but not the binocular and monocular
      projection fields. 15. The discriminatory analysis allows to show the collective
      biological effect of all structural elements in a uniform mathematical value.

PMID- 1200385
TI  - [Secondary ossification centers].

PMID- 1200386
TI  - [Rhythmic nuclear growth of adequately stimulated ganglia cells of acoustic
      nuclei (rat)].
AB  - Ganglia cells of the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei of white rats were
      irritated adequately for different periods or left untreated, respectively, and
      investigated karyometrically. The frequency distribution curves of the nuclear
      volumes were separated by means of an electronic curve resolver into the
      component curves, i.e. into groups of nuclei obeying exactly a Gaussian normal
      distribution and thus representing biologically uniform populations. The analysis
      of the mean values of the component curves led to the following results: 1. The
      mean values of the component curves can be arranged in 2 series having the
      pattern V1, V1 square root 2, V2, V2 square root 2, V4, V4 square root 2...2. The
      series V1, V1 square root 2, V2, V2 square root 2...is based on a geometrical
      series of the general formula an = k-qn. 3. It follows from these results that
      the nuclear volumes grow rhythmically by a factor of square root 2 and,
      consequently, that there is a periodical doubling in in the growth of the
      surface.

PMID- 1200388
TI  - [Sports and the spine].
AB  - The flexibility of the vertebral column in 160 male athlets and 105 female
      athlets has been measured. The instrument used by us was the Hydrogoniometer
      (Rippstein) which has been put exactly on the determined points of the back of
      all probands. Having moved the vertebral column in all directions the
      measurements have been registered and statistically analysed with standard
      measurements. We find a lot of differences in the different movments of the
      vertebral column regions between the athlets and the non-athlets. These persons
      with untrained vertebral columns are partly more flexibel then the probands with
      active trained vertebral columns.

PMID- 1200387
TI  - [Double-barrelled connections between the striatum and substantia nigra in the
      light and electron microscopy picture in the cat].
AB  - Following coagulation of either the substantia nigra or the caudate nucleus and
      fundus caudati of the cat, the distribution of degenerating terminals in the
      sections of the striatum has been determined especially in the fundus caudati on
      one side and in the various cell groups of the substantia nigra compacta on the
      other side; and the types of synapses have been described. There are
      reverberating circuits between the fundus caudati and the medial groups of the
      nigra characterized by their small cells, between the putamen and the postero
      lateral cell groups of the nigra, between the caudatum and the rostral cell
      groups of the nigra, presumably with the specialization that the lateral caudatum
      is in two-way connection with the rostro-lateral cell groups of the nigra as is
      the medial caudatum with the rostro-medial cell group. The transmitter for the
      striatofugal terminals in the nigra which have pleomorphic synapses is probably
      GABA. Dopamine is the transmitter of the axo-spinous synapses of the
      nigrostriatal neurons with the small striatal nerve cells for which the
      transmitter seems to be Acetylcholine. The nigro-striatal reverberating circuits
      have three outputs available; 1. from parts of the striatum to the entopeduncular
      nucleus (internal segment of pallidum) and from there through the H2 and H1
      fields of Forel to the oral ventral nucleus of the thalamus (V.o.a) which
      directly projects to the area 6 a alpha of motor cortex; 2. also from parts of
      the striatum to the pallidum (outer segment) and continuing through the
      descending pallido-reticulospinal pathway and 3. from the postero-lateral cell
      groups of the nigra probably through descending fibers which cross the midline in
      the commissura colliculi superioris and extend through the reticular formation
      directly or indirectly to the spinal cord.

PMID- 1200389
TI  - The musculature of the hip and thigh of the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus
      virginianus, Rafinesque, 1832).
AB  - The musculature of the hip and thigh of the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus
      virginianus) is illustrated and described with emphasis on origins and insertions
      of individual muscles. Published works on the myology of domestic Bovidae (Bos
      taurus; Ovis aries; Capra hircus), Camelidae (Camelus bactrianus; Lama glama) and
      Cervidae (Cervus nannodes-canadensis) have been used for comparisons of
      individual muscles. The musculature of the hip and thigh of Odocoileus is
      substantially similar to that of other Artiodactyla investigated, except for
      slight differences of individual muscles. The most obvious differences involve
      the mm. obturatorius externus, obturatorius internus and pectineus. In Odocoileus
      as in domestic Bovidae and Cervus, the m. obturatorius externus is divided into
      an intrapelvic and an extrapelvic part whereas in Camelidae the intrapelvic part
      of the muscle is lacking. In the species considered, the m. obturatorius internus
      is present only in Camelus and Lama. In Odocoileus, the m. pectineus is divided
      into two distinct parts whereas in other Artiodactyla investigated the division
      lies apparent only toward its insertion.

PMID- 1200390
TI  - Morpho-histology of the intestine in a freshwater major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala
      (Hamilton) during the different life-history stages in relation to food and
      feeding habits.
AB  - The morpho-histology in relation to food and feeding habits of the intestine in
      the fry, fingerling and adult of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton), a freshwater major
      carp, has been described. The intestine has been observed to be shortest in the
      fry (carnivorous) and longest in the adults (herbivorous) with intermediate
      values in the fingerlings (omnivorous). The mucosal folds of the intestine have
      also been observed to be adapted according to the nature of the dietary
      prevailing in the different life history stages. The food appears to have a
      marked influence on the morpho-histology of the villi and the number of mucous
      cells/unit area of the fry, fingerling and adult. The sub-mucosa, muscularis and
      tunica propria are characteristic in the fry, fingerling and adult.

PMID- 1200391
TI  - [Absence of the vena cava inferior during simultaneous absence of the left kidney
      in a human fetus].
AB  - Atypical pattern of inferior cava (human embryo, sex: male, age: 6 month) is
      described. The left kidney is absent. The pelvis of the right kidney send two
      ureters to bladder. Pars hepatica of normal V. cava inferior is missed. Blood
      transport is formed by a vessel lateral of left suprarenal gland. This vessel is
      penetrating through pars lumbalis of diaphragm to thorax, goes in analogy to V.
      hemiazygos later to V. hemiazygos accessoria and flows into the right atrium.

PMID- 1200392
TI  - The ultrastructure of the thin loop limbs of the mouse kidney.
AB  - The thin limbs of the loops of Henle in the mouse kidney have been investigated
      by conventional electron microscopy. Resulting from light microscopic
      investigations, a distinction in the epithelia of short and long loops can be
      demonstrated. Ultrastructurally, the thin limbs (descending) of short loops are
      composed of a uniformly thin and simple epithelium. In contrast, long loops (thin
      descending and ascending) are composed of three different epithelial types which
      are representative of a distinctly more complex epithelial system. Two epithelial
      types were observed in the thin descending limbs of long loops and the third type
      was observed in the ascending thin limbs. Based upon these findings it is
      suggested that the thin descending limbs of short and long loops of Henle in the
      mouse kidney cannot perform the same functions in the renal concentrating
      mechanism.

PMID- 1200393
TI  - On the existence of intrahepatic bile duct shunts.
AB  - A combined scintigraphic-radiological method has been used to study the existence
      of intrahepatic shunts between the bile ducts of the right and left duct systems.
      With this method no shunts were found between the left and the right system. The
      results are compared with the findings reported in the literature.

PMID- 1200394
TI  - Ultrastructure of gonadal ridge in male and female pig embryos.
AB  - Pig embryos aged 21-22 days (d) obtained from artificially inseminated sows for
      an ultrastructural study of the development and sex differentiation of the
      gonadal ridge. The chromosomal sex of the embryos was identified by a chromosome
      analysis. At the age of 21 d the gonadal ridge consisted of three different
      tissues: the surface epithelium, the primitive cords, and the mesenchyme. The
      surface epithelial cells contained elongate mitochondria with lamellar cristae,
      granular endoplasmic reticulum (GER), the Golgi complex, free polysomes, coated
      vesicles and fine filaments. The epithelium was continuous with the primitive
      cords, which were composed of ultrastructurally similar cells. The epithelial
      basal lamina followed the cord surface, but covered it incompletely. Primordial
      germ cells (PGC) were located under the surface epithelium in the mesenchyme and
      in the cords. The nucleus with a prominent nucleolus, and the large mitochondria
      were round. The cytoplasm contained a pair of centrioles, the Golgi complex,
      solitary lamellae of the GER, free polysomes, lipid droplets and some coated
      vesicles. The PGC entered the gonadal cords before these were surrounded by the
      continuous basal lamina. A day later (22 d) the number and length of the cords
      were increased. The PGC were more frequent and seen also in deeper layers. All
      the structures studied at the age of 21-22 d showed that the gonadal ridge also
      at the ultrastructural level is at the sexually indifferent stage.

PMID- 1200395
TI  - The structure of the myosatellite cells in axial muscles of the shark Geleus
      melastomus.
AB  - The myosatellite cells in the axial muscles of the shark Geleus melastomus is
      found more frequently in the red muscle fibers than in the white fibers. The
      total length of the cell extensions is about 100 mum. In about 20% of all cases,
      the extensions were present in pairs, and it is concluded that the satellite cell
      processes bifurcate. Processes towards the intercellular space and towards the
      interior of the muscle fiber are also described. The cytoplasm of the satellite
      cells contain glycogen, Golgi elements, lysosome-like vesicles, granular
      endoplasmic reticulum and microtubules. It is concluded that the morphology of
      the satellite cells indicates a more active function than that of a dormant
      reserve myoblast.

PMID- 1200397
TI  - [Ontogenesis of the endocardial cushions in the vertebrate heart. An experimental
      and comparative embryological study (author's transl)].
AB  - By means of comparative ontogenetical findings and organ cultured whole hearts of
      tadpoles (Xenopus laevis) there has been evidence that the localization of the
      endocardial cushions in the embryonic heart tube of landliving vertebrates is
      phylogenetically caused. On the contrary ontogenetically the shape of these
      cushions are dependent on the varying hemodynamic conditions in heart
      development. By this the anlage of endocardial cushions are the presupposition of
      the phylogeny and ontogeny in the septation of the heart in tetrapodes.

PMID- 1200396
TI  - Ultrastructure of cleavage stages and preimplantation embryos of the baboon.
AB  - The baboon preimplantation stages were examined using light and electron
      microscopy. Six cases were studied at 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 days estimated
      fertilization age. The first 3 specimens were composed of 2, 8 and 24 blastomeres
      respectively. At 5 days, 30 to 40 cells were counted and more than 60 cells in
      later stages. Primitive "trophoblast cells" differentiate at 7 days and a
      crescentic blastocoele appears at 8 days. Shedding of the zona pellucida is not
      observed in the 7 and 8 day specimens. The preimplantation period is longer in
      the baboon than in man. C-type viruses are observed in the zona pellucida, in the
      perivitelline and interblastomeric spaces. Microvilli and caveolae cover ther
      periphery of the baboon conceptus. As in many other mammals, transformation of
      the mitochondria, changes in the ribosomes distribution, multivesicular bodies,
      myelin figures, nucleoli and intranuclear clusters of granules are described in
      the baboon. Cytoplasmic fibrous strands are not present as in the mouse.
      Experiments on the influence of hormones and drugs on ultrastructural changes
      would help to evaluate the importance of biohazards during the early development
      of primates.

PMID- 1200398
TI  - The distribution of primary afferents to the cochlear nuclei in the domestic hen
      (Gallus domesticus).
AB  - The normal anatomy of the three cochlear nuclei in the hen, the nucleus
      laminaris, the nucleus angularis and the nucleus magnocellularis is described.
      Following lesions of the cochlear nerve, all three nuclei are shown to receive
      primary cochlear fibers (silver impregnation methods). The part of nucleus
      laminaris which consists of a ventral convex sheet of cells is shown to receive
      cochlear nerve fibers from both ears, the nerve fibers from the ipsilateral ear
      terminating dorsal to the cell sheet while contralateral nerve fibers terminate
      ventral to the nerve cells. The cochlear ganglion cells projecting to the nucleus
      laminaris are apparently situated in other parts of the ganglion that the cells
      projecting to the nucleus angularis and magnocellularis. The findings are
      discussed in the light of known data on the organization and function of the
      cochlear nuclei in birds.

PMID- 1200399
TI  - A geometric model of the rat kidney.
AB  - Firstly details are collected concerning the required parameters of a simple
      linear regression in order to evaluate statistically results of measurements,
      which can also be present in the form (chii, yi +/- SDi). In this way lines of
      regression are determined for connections between the kidney weight and the body
      weight, between the lengths of the proximal tubules (and the proximal
      convolution) of the three various types of nephron and the kidney weight, between
      the length of the distal convoluted tubule, likewise the number of glomerula, and
      the kidney weight and finally between the single nephron filtration rate and the
      length of the proximal tubule. Starting from a model body weight for the rat of
      200 g and considering the percentage of thin segments in the tissue of the renal
      pyramid, a loop of Henle with a length of 8.1 mm for the thin part and a length
      of 2.4 mm for the ascending thick limb was calculated for the model nephron from
      the lengths of the loops of the three types of nephrons. In contrast to former
      model formulations concerning the collecting duct system, the tree-like branched
      structure was considered for the first time and a linear approximation to the
      relation between both the circumference line and the cross section area and the
      lenggh of the collecting ducts was determined. The geometric model relates only
      to the tubular system and takes no notice of the blood vessels.

PMID- 1200400
TI  - The effects of prostaglandin F2alpha on the fine structure of the corpus luteum
      of the hysterectomized guina pig.
AB  - Luteal cell fine structure was studied in hysterectomized control and
      hysterectomized, prostaglandin-treated (1-5 days) guinea pigs. In hysterectomized
      control animals, luteal cells were hypertrophied and were characterized by an
      abundance of agranular endoplasmic reticulum (AER) suggesting steroidogenic
      activity. With one day of prostaglandin treatment, little change in the
      cytological appearance had occurred. After two, or three days of treatment, cells
      showed a decrease in size and an apparent increase in the number of lipid
      droplets. Following four days of prostaglandin treatment, luteal tissue was
      characterized by the presence of large amounts of collagen in the intercellular
      spaces and by the invasion of fibroblasts. Areas of degenerating luteal cells
      with numerous myelin figures and lipid droplets were observed. After five days of
      prostaglandin treatment, most of the luteal cells had undergone extensive
      luteolytic changes. Typically they contained coalescing lipid droplets, myelin
      figures and crystalloids, and were surrounded by collagen fibers. These
      observation suggest that prostaglandin F2alpha does effect structural luteolysis
      in this species in the absence of uterine tissue.

PMID- 1200401
TI  - The "imaged-desmosome": a component of intercalated discs in embryonic guinea pig
      myocardium.
AB  - A heretofore undescribed structural variation of the desmosomes of the
      intercalated disc is found in myocardial cells of the embryonic guinea pig. These
      desmosomes consist of the usual pair of opaque leaflets, each of the pair
      contributed by one of the apposed muscle cells. In addition, in the cytoplasm of
      one of the cells there appears a pair of linear densities (facsimile-lines)
      parallel to the nearest desmosomal plaque and separated from it by a 60 mm space.
      The facsimile lines superficially resemble the desmosomal leaflets in length and
      thickness, thus forming a cytoplasmic "image" of the desmosome. These "imaged
      desmosomes" are found predominantly in the longitudinally-running portions of the
      intercalated discs and are common in 7-week embryos. Their incidence drops
      sharply by eight weeks of gestation, and they are virtually absent from the heart
      of the newborn animal. Often tubules of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) are found
      in apposition to the facsimile-lines; thus it appears that association of SR
      tubules with desmosomes is responsible for the formation of imaged-desmosomes.

PMID- 1200402
TI  - Electron microscopy of endothelial microvilli of large arteries.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopic investigations by others have revealed "hair-like"
      projections from the endothelial surface of the rabbit aorta. We have confirmed
      by transmission electron microscopy that endothelial microvilli are found, in a
      limited number of areas in the aortic arch, particularly at the presumed site of
      fetal origin of the ductus arterious and near the origin of the subclavian
      artery. The microvilli are almost uniform in diameter (about 0.1 mum) and are as
      long as 3 mum in length. The outer leaflet of the limiting membrane shows a fuzzy
      appearance, and thin filaments are recognized in their interiors. A profuse array
      of endothelial microvilli was also found over the entire surface of the large
      arteries of human fetuses. The possible hemodynamic significance of these
      processes is discussed.

PMID- 1200403
TI  - The Sertoli cell junctional specializations and their relationship to the
      germinal epithelium as observed after efferent ductule ligation.
AB  - Seminiferous tubules from testes of normal and efferent ductule ligated mice were
      examined with the electron microscope. The tubules in the ligated animals were
      markedly distended and at most stages of the seminiferous cycle the epithelium
      exhibited a series of circumferentially-oriented ridges. Cross-sectional profiles
      of these ridges were studied with particular emphasis on the Sertoli cell
      junctional specializations and their relationship to the germinal cells. In the
      ligated specimen the basal cytoplasm of the Sertoli cells is highly attenuated,
      often appearing as a thin process resting on the basement lamina. Where the
      cytoplasm of one Sertoli cell ends, it meets in apposition with the cytoplasm of
      an adjoining Sertoli cell, and at these sites, junctional specializations are
      present. The ridges are comprised of a stalk of apical Sertoli cell cytoplasm,
      often appearing like an inverted cone, with young spermatids aligned along the
      lateral surfaces and the more mature spermatid population embedded within the
      apical cytoplasm. Junctional specializations were observed along these lateral
      Sertoli cell surfaces. In some instances, they formed a free surface, but usually
      early spermatids were in contact with the junctional specializations. With
      respect to the more mature spermatids, the acrosomal component was typically
      found in relation to a junctional specialization. Germ cells at the spermatocyte
      stage were also noted in relation to the Sertoli cell junctional specializations.
      The findings suggest that spermatocytes cross the Sertoli cell barrier and gain
      access to the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubule through the
      disengagement of the inter-Sertoli cell junctional complex. It is proposed that
      when the inter-Sertoli cell junctional specializations separate, the
      spermatocytes come in apposition with the newly freed junctional surfaces and
      remain in relation with them through the ensuing divisions. It appears that at
      some point, firm adhesion between germ cells and the junctional specializations
      occurs; the spermatid progeny may thus maintain contact with the original inter
      Sertoli cell junctional specializations until their release into the tubule
      lumen.

PMID- 1200404
TI  - The effect of strontium, cobalt and fluoride on rat incisor enamel formation.
AB  - This investigation examined ultrastructurally the entire period of development of
      alterations in formative ameloblasts and the enamel which they produce following
      injection with fluoride, strontium, and cobalt ions. Rats injected with these
      ions were sacrificed at intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours to elucidate
      the sequence and detail of cytologic and cell product alterations which occur.
      Undecalcified sections of rat incisor teeth were studied using electron
      microscopy and microradiography. All three ions initially produced disturbances
      in cell morphology and enamel formation consisting of dark globules, vacuoles,
      and pooling of stippled material on the enamel surface. While a period of
      decreased crystal formation occurred after injection with all three ions, only
      cobalt responses included a period of apparently complete absence of crystal
      formation. The hypermineralized layers occurring in the altered enamel are
      attributed to changes in the rate of enamel matrix formation and duration of its
      exposure to tissue fluids. Morphologic changes in Tomes' process were observed at
      the time of formation of abnormel following injection of all three ions. These
      observations are compared with previous studies of altered enamel formation and
      analyzed with the goal of learning more about the mechanisms of amelogenesis.

PMID- 1200405
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on postnatal differentiation of neurons in the substantia
      gelatinosa of rat cervical spinal cord.
AB  - Neuroblasts of the substantia gelatinosa at birth were small with large oval
      nuclei and scanty cytoplasm. The cytoplasm possessed ribosomes and mitochondria.
      Granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes were generally absent or
      rudimentary. Electron dense bodies were seldom observed. By the end of the first
      week, the nuclei of several cells demonstrated early nuclear invaginations;
      cytoplasm exhibited growth cones, a well developed granular endoplasmic reticulum
      and Golgi complexes. At several points the channels of endoplasmic reticulum
      became continuous with the perinuclear space. By the end of the second week,
      differentiation of the neuroblasts was more advanced. More nuclei showed
      invagination of their contour. The cytoplasm revealed well dev-loped granular
      endoplasmic reticulum and multiple Golgi complexes. Numerous vesicles and dense
      bodies were found adjacent to the Golgi complexes. Arrays of agranular
      endoplasmic reticulum also appeared late in the second week. By the third week,
      features of neuronal differentiation, such as nuclear invagination, granular
      endoplasmic reticulum agranular membrane configurations, multiple Golgi complexes
      and dense bodies in the cytoplasm became well established.

PMID- 1200406
TI  - The normal human thymic vasculature: an ultrastructural study.
AB  - Electron microscopy of the normal human thymus demonstrates a characteristic
      vascular-parenchymal relationship. The vascular lumen is always separated from
      the thymic parenchyma by: the endothelial cell cytoplasm, a muscular coat in
      arterioles and veins, the vascular basal lamina, a perivascular space containing
      collagen fibers and cells, the epithelial-reticular cell basal lamina and the
      epithelial-reticular cell cytoplasm. The width of this perivascular space is
      proportional to the size of the vessel it surrounds; it is wide around the
      vessels in the septa and at the cortical-medullary junction, but narrow around
      capillaries. While many cells are present in this space around larger vessels,
      only collagen is observed around the capillaries. Lymphocytes are the predominant
      cell type in the space; however, plasma cells, eosinophils, histiocytes,
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mast cells and unidentified granulated cells are
      also seen. The vascular complex described above may function as a blood-thymus
      barrier, as the initial site of exposure of the lymphocytes to circulating
      antigen and as the route of lymphocytes from the thymus.

PMID- 1200407
TI  - Surface epithelium of the fetal guinea-pig ovary: a light and electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - The surface epithelium in fetal guinea-pig ovaries was examined from the time of
      early sexual differentiation, about 34-days, until approximately ten days before
      birth. At day 34 the epithelium varied greatly in appearance as seen in the light
      microscope and possessed a superficial layer of flattened or culoidal cells. By
      day 58 the epithelium had changed into one layer of regularly arranged columnar
      cells. During the same period the number of germinal cells decreased. Connections
      between the germinal cords and the surface epithelium were observed from day 34,
      being especially numerous and broad at days 34 and 42 and decreasing in number
      and size from day 46 onwards. The basement membrane beneath the epithelium
      gradually increased in thickness. In the electron microscope two types of somatic
      cells could be distinguished. One type formed a superifical single layer
      connected by junctional complexes and exhibited intracellular bundles 60 A
      microfilaments running straight through the apical part of the cell, attached to
      junctional complexes on either side. These bundles were found frequently between
      days 34 and 42, but were rarely seen after the forth-sixth day. Microvillous
      projections into the coelomic cavity were especially numerous from day 34 to day
      46. The other type of somatic cells lay in close proximity to the germinal cells:
      microfilaments or junctional complexes were not observed. The subepithelial
      basement lamina was continuous with that surrounding the connections and the
      germinal cords.

PMID- 1200408
TI  - Smooth muscle in lymph node capsule and trabeculae.
AB  - This study focuses on the confusion in existing literature concerning the
      presence of smooth muscle in the capsule and trabeculae of lymph nodes. Human and
      bovine nodes from several anatomical areas and several individuals of each
      species were examined by conventional light, electron and fluorescence
      microscopy. Smooth muscle cells, independent of blood vessels, were demonstrated
      in the trabeculae and capsules of lymph nodes of both species examined by all
      three techniques. The need for further study on the function of these cells is
      indicated.

PMID- 1200409
TI  - Cellular renewal in the enamel organ and the odontoblast layer of the rat incisor
      as followed by radioautography using 3H-thymidine.
AB  - Renewal of the cell populations of the incisor was studied in 100 gm male rats
      injected with a single dose of 3H-thymidine and sacrificed at various times from
      one hour to 32 days after injection. Radioautographs showed that a cohort of
      labeled cells within the enamel organ, odontoblast layer, and pulp was carried
      passively with the erupting incisor from the apical end towards the gingival
      margin where the life cycle of these cells was terminated. Labeled cells in the
      upper and lower incisor, although traversing different absolute lengths, were
      found in approximately the same functional stage of their life cycle at similar
      times after the injection. Thus, by one and on-half days labeled ameloblasts
      began inner enamel secretion and, by eight days (upper) or nine days (lower),
      complement outer enamel secretion. By 32 days labeled ameloblasts had traversed
      the entire enamel maturation zone and were located at the gingival margin.
      Labeled odontoblasts followed closely the movement of labeled ameloblasts. The
      mean rate of ameloblast migration was 567 mum/day on the upper incisor and 651
      mim/day on the lower. For the odontoblasts this rate was 55 mum/day (upper) and
      631 mum/day (lower). Finally, it was found that as the rat age, the duration of
      the life cycle for epithelial and pulp cell populations of the incisor increased
      because of growth within the lonitudinal axis of the tooth. It was concluded that
      the apical end of the incisor literally "grows backward" in the bony socket, and
      hence, the duration of the life cycle becomes greater simply because it takes
      cells longer to physically reach the gingival margin.

PMID- 1200410
TI  - A circadian rhythm of mitotic activity in the uterine luminal epithelium of the
      rat: effect of estrogen.
AB  - The study was designed to determine whether or not the rat uterine luminal
      epithelium exhibits a mitotic circadian rhythm and to ascertain the effect of
      estrogen treatment at different time periods on the uterine epithelial mitotic
      response. Immature rats were injected with either sesame oil (controls) or 60 ng
      of estradiol-17 beta at eight time periods and were necropsied 24 hours after
      treatment. Colchicine was administered IP two hours before autopsy. Peak mitotic
      activity was observed during the nocturnal phase (0300) for both the control and
      estrogen-treated rats. The nadirs were recorded during the diumal phase (1800 and
      1200 for the control and estrogen groups, respectively). The differences between
      low and high values were 1100% for the control rhythm and 101% for the estrogen
      animals. The data demonstrate the existence of overt circadian rhythms in the
      uterine epithelium for both control and estrogentreated rats.

PMID- 1200411
TI  - The fine structure of the trophospongial layer of the kangaroo rat placenta.
AB  - The trophospongial layer of the near-term kangaroo rat placenta was examined in
      the electron microscope. Two ultrastructurally different cellular zones were
      distinguishable - an inner zone adjacent to the labyrinth and a basal zone
      located mesometrial to the inner zone. Inner zone cells contained a well
      developed granular ER and Golgi apparatus as well as polymorphous membrane
      limited granules. The cells also contained modest amounts of glycogen and lipid
      droplets. Basal zone cells were also rich in ER; some cells had dilated ER
      cisternae containing a highly structured material which appears as a sheet of
      hexagons when viewed en face. Basal zone cells may, among other things, function
      as glycogen storage cells, since they had large cytoplasmic accumulations of
      glycogen. Unlike the situation in some other rodents, maternal blood draining
      from the trophospongial layer was always contained in channels lined by a layer
      of squamous cells which, in turm, was separated from the trophospongial cells by
      a basal lamina. The trophospongial zones are compared with the trophospongial
      regions of other rodent placentas and possible functions are considered.

PMID- 1200413
TI  - An angiographic study of the fox testis in various stages of sexual activity.
AB  - The arteries and veins of the fox testis were studied using an angiographic
      technique. The postnatal development of the testis involved only minor
      modification of the vasculature. In the non-breeding season both the arteries and
      veins of the adult fox testis undergo extensive spiralization which completely
      disappears during the breeding season. When the sequence of morphological changes
      in blood vessels are related to available data on changes in testicular size,
      blood flow and connective tissue content, it is obvious that the vascular
      spiralization is passive and related to shrinkage of the organ and dose not
      primarily influence the testicular blood flow.

PMID- 1200412
TI  - Distribution of lumbar and sacral afferent axons in submucosa of cat urinary
      bladder.
AB  - Lumbar and sacral afferent axons in the submucosa of the urinary bladder were
      recognized by degeneration in seven cats subjected to spinal ganglionectomies. Of
      2,935 observed terminating axon profiles, 145 were found degenerating. Lumber
      afferent axons were 3.7 times more numerous than sacral afferent axons in the
      submucosa, a reversal of the ratio reported for the muscle coat of the bladder.
      Sacral afferent axons were evenly distributed to different regions of the
      bladder, but lumbar afferents were concentrated in the bladder neck. Apparent
      afferent endings in the submucosa of the urinary bladder were principally free
      nerve endings. Synaptic vesicles were found in 57% of observed terminating axon
      profiles. The bladder neck had more terminating axon profiles of all kinds than
      other regions of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 1200414
TI  - Myoglobin polymorphism in the pollan (Osteichthyes: Coregoninae).
AB  - Three electrophoretically separable phenotypes of heart and lateral line muscle
      myoglobin were found in the Irish pollan (Coregonus pollan). This polymorphism
      appears to be under the control of two co-dominant alleles. The allele
      frequencies were found to be virtually identical in samples from two lakes which
      have probably been isolated since the close of the last Ice Age. A significant
      excess of heterozygotes was found in samples from both lakes. This myoglobin
      polymorphism appears to be balanced, maintained due to heterozygote superiority.

PMID- 1200415
TI  - Genetical control of phosphoglucose isomerase isozymes in the Japanese quail
      erythrocytes.
AB  - Three phenotypes of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) from the Japanese quail
      erythrocytes were observed by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Population
      and family data from one laboratory population of quail was consistent with the 
      theory that PGI polymorphism was controlled by two codominant, autosomal alleles
      designated PGIF and PGIS with gene frequency values 0.25 and 0.75, respectively.
      The study supported the earlier view that the Japanese quail is highly
      polymorphic with regard to biochemical variation.

PMID- 1200416
TI  - Alterations in reactivity of the blood factors of cattle red cells after pronase
      treatment.
AB  - Pronase treatment of cattle red cells produced various effects: (a) an increase
      in reactivity of the J factor and evolution of a specific cryptoantigen; (b)
      decrease in the A-B, G2, K, I1, O2, O3, P, Q, T1, Y2, A', B', E'2, E'3, I', K',
      O'-L'-V-L and M2 factors, but (c) no change in the specifity or in the titre of
      the remaining 16 different blood factors. Most of the pronase-affectable blood
      factors were destroyed in a rather narrow but characteristic range of pronase
      treatment intensities. However, at like intensities, variations were demonstrable
      due to the fact that the blood factor occurred (a) in red cells from different
      individuals, and (b) in different phenogroups or subgroups of the B locus.

PMID- 1200417
TI  - Eabgmnop(=E15), a new allele in the E blood-group system of the pig.

PMID- 1200418
TI  - R receptors on lymphocytes of sheep.

PMID- 1200419
TI  - Effects of neonatal castration and testosterone injection on adult open-field
      behaviour in rats with atypical sex difference in defecation.
AB  - In the open-field test, male rats usually defecate more and ambulate less than
      females. A strain was studied in which the males defecate less than females,
      while still ambulating less. Infants of this strain were castrated (males) or
      injected with testosterone propionate (females) and tested in the open field as
      adults. There were significant effects of these neonatal treatments on
      ambulation, but not on defecation, in contrast to previous reports for the latter
      measure in rats showing a sex difference in defecation taking the usual
      direction. It is suggested that absence of the usual direction of a sex
      difference normally under the developmental control of androgen may indicate a
      genotype which has escaped from such control. Finally, a number of 'sibling'
      effects' were observed, i.e. effects on the adult behaviour of the members of one
      sex in a litter produced by treatments administered in infancy to members of the
      other sex.

PMID- 1200420
TI  - Effects of stimuli emanating from the nest on the reproductive cycle in the ring
      dove. II: building during the pre-laying period.
AB  - The nest is a major focal point of the reproductive cycle in the ring dove
      (Streptopelia risoria). This study shows that the state of the nest is an
      important determinant of the type of nest-building exhibited. For example, birds
      faced with an empty nest bowl every day removed more material from dispensers and
      built more actively than did those allowed to construct nests normally.
      Conversely, those given completed nests were not very active, but were more
      efficient in using the little they removed from the dispensers and showed a
      reversal of sex roles in building. The relations between nest-building and egg
      laying, and between male and the female are discussed.

PMID- 1200421
TI  - Effects of stimuli emanating from the nest on the reproductive cycle in the ring
      dove. III: building in the postlaying period and effects on the success of the
      cycle.
AB  - Nest-building as a functional activity is shown to continue well into the
      incubation period of the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria), its intensity
      depending on the state of the nest. The presence of a nest has profound
      consequences on breeding success: pairs with no nests did not incubate well and
      did not hatch their eggs. Pre-laying disruption of the nest or of the usual roles
      of the male and female had no effect on incubation as long as a nest was present
      when the eggs were laid. It is concluded that the presence of a nest is necessary
      for the proper establishment of incubation. The possible role of the nest in
      incubation is discussed.

PMID- 1200423
TI  - The probable role of interferon in allergy.
AB  - Sera from 35 patients suffering from autoimmune or allergic diseases such as
      bronchial asthma, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Werlhoff disease
      (autoimmune form), hemorrhagic vasculitis and neurodermatitis and sera from 70
      donors were examined for the presence of interferon. Interferon was found in the
      sera of 17 of the patients but not in any one of the donors' sera. It is
      suggested that anit-interferon immunoglobulins against human leucocyte interferon
      should be employed in the treatment of autoimmune or allergic diseases because of
      the positive clinical results that were obtained. The different hypotheses
      describing the role of interferon in immunity and allergy are discussed.

PMID- 1200422
TI  - Postnatal development of locomotion in the laboratory rat.
AB  - In laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 1 to 21 days emergence of postural
      and locomotor skills was studied in the open field and in experimental situations
      with homing used as motivation. Righting is mediated initially by curving and
      rocking of the trunk, later head and shoulder are rotated, and lastly the
      hindlimbs turn and provide co-ordinated support. Pivoting prodominates during the
      second half of the first week, crawling during most of the second week, and
      walking or running by the end of the second week. Balancing on narrow paths and
      compensating for lateral displacement on rotating rods mature later, as do
      various skills (climbing up or down on inclined surfaces, rods and ropes, and
      jumping across gaps) that require substantial hindlimb co-ordiantion.

PMID- 1200424
TI  - Further studies in allergenic identity between house dust and the house dust
      mite, Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes, 1961.
AB  - The sera from 99 Japanese asthmatic subjects were studied for the allergenic
      similarity between house dust and the House-dust Mite, Dermatophagoides farinae
      Hughes, 1961. A close correlation (correlation coefficient 0.92, P less than
      0.01) was obtained between house dust and the mite with the radioallergosorbent
      test (RAST). High correlation was not noted between house dust and other
      allergens such as smoky brown cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa, Aspergillus,
      book lice, Liposcelis bostricophilus, Cheyletus malaccensis and Tribolium
      confusum. IgE antibody to the mite reduced significantly after the incubation of
      the sera with house dust and IgE antibody to house dust reduced markedly after
      the incubation of the sera with the mite. These results further support the view
      that the mite is the most important allergenic component in house dust.

PMID- 1200425
TI  - The total eosinophil count and adrenal function in asthmatic children.
AB  - In 36 asthmatic children 8:00 a.m. plasma cortisol levels were compared with
      changes in their total eosinophil count (TEC) from 8:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m. All
      children with low cortisol levels had decreases in TEC of less than 2%, whereas
      78% of children with normal cortisol levels had decreases greater than 15%. All
      children with decreases greater than 15% had normal cortisol levels.

PMID- 1200426
TI  - Evaluation of cryo-stimulation test for the diagnosis of cold urticaria.
AB  - A cryo-stimulation test performed on 300 allergic and non-allergic individuals
      showed that this test is positive in most of the cold urticaria patients but
      negative in patients having other allergic or non-allergic disorders. The chief
      causes of false positive reactions were a state of atopy and dermographism.

PMID- 1200427
TI  - [Vascular lesions of the endometrium in spontaneous abortion].
AB  - On the basis of a histological study of vascular lesions of the endometrium
      following 108 cases of spontaneous abortion, the authors propose the following
      conclusions: 1) In the first six weeks of pregnancy, early abortion results more
      often from a primary ovular defect than from any abnormality in the maternal
      environment, of endogenous or exogenous origin and capable of resulting in a
      lesion of the endometrium or its vascularisation. The structure of the walls of
      the spiral arteries of pregnancy is almost invariably normal. 2) By contrast, in
      late abortions, arterial lesions--and in particular fibrosis--may play a role.
      This occurs however when the basal arteries with a well-differentiated elastic
      structure are involved. The spiral arteries of pregnancy and the utero-placentar
      arteries are involved only by lesions of vasculitis secondary to inflammatory
      phenomena as  a result of retention of the products of conception or by pseudo
      atheromatous lesions resulting from the deposition of degenerated cyto
      trophoblastic elements, but never from true arteriosclerotic lesions.

PMID- 1200428
TI  - [Liquid cholesterol crystals, physical substrate of atheroma].
AB  - The study of the atheromatous arterial walls has been carried out on fresh
      specimens by frozen sections and polarization examination. Thus, it has been
      proven that the first deposits of cholesterol take place in the intima under the
      form of liquid crystals. These are very susceptible to temperature variations.
      They turn to liquid globules above 40 degree centigrad and partially reappear
      under the action of the cold.

PMID- 1200429
TI  - [Osseous echinococcosis. Apropos of 6 anatomo-clinical observations].
AB  - Concerning these six cases, the authors recall the rarity of osseous localization
      of Hydatidiform disease, isolated as a rule, arising in the adult and
      preferentially involving the ilium, spinal column, femur, humerus and scapula.
      Being slowly progressive, the condition is revealed by pain, swelling and above
      all spontaneous fractures (long bones), or signs of root or medullary compression
      (spinal column), followed sometimes by fistula formation. Radiological diagnosis
      is often difficult with an osteolytic appearance without appreciable reactional
      osteogenesis. As for laboratory investigations, they are only of value in
      orientation; immunofluorescence being the weakest. The extent of osseous lysis
      frequently demands extensive surgery. From the anatomical standpoint, the hydatid
      variety of Echinococcosis has a specific intra-osseous development: beginning in
      the spongy bone, the architecture is intermediary between the hydatid appearance
      and the alveolar variety. Some cases however comprise a unilocular appearance
      with a suspicion of adventitial reaction. Extension into the soft parts
      frequently adopts a macroscopic appearance identical with that of visceral forms.
      Bony lysis is dependant on osteoclastic resorption or foci of necrosis while
      reactional osteogenesis is reduced. Medullary cellular reactions are determinant
      in the anatomical progress: osteitis or histiocyte and plasmodial reaction to the
      cuticle fragments.

PMID- 1200430
TI  - [Cystic lymphangiomyomas of the uterus].
AB  - About 7 cases the author describes a uterine tumor made up of serous cysts with
      endotheliform covering and small areas of immature leio-myocytes.

PMID- 1200431
TI  - [Nodular tumor of the filum terminale: cellular ependymoma].
AB  - Cellular type, nodular ependymomas of the filum terminale are rare. They have to
      be well known since their histological diagnosis is difficult and since they
      could be mistaken for metastases, when their prognosis after surgical exeresis is
      excellent. These notions are recalled about an anatomoclinical case.

PMID- 1200433
TI  - Quality control of laboratory instruments.

PMID- 1200432
TI  - [Measurement of blood viscosity using a rotatory viscosimeter with coaxial
      cylinders].
AB  - The authors describe a microviscosimeter with coaxial cylinders which requires
      only a small volume of sample. They draw up formulae permitting to obtain in a
      simplified way, fluid rheograms, in particular for biological fluids.
      Furthermore, they consider the use of this viscosimeter for the study of the
      rheological properties of blood and plasma. Thus, at 30 degrees C, the plasma and
      serum have a newtonian behaviour, whilst the viscosity of total blood depends
      mainly on the hematocrit and the rate of shearing. One may thus verify Casson's
      law (tau 1/2 = tauo 1/2 + S gamma 1/2) which represents approximately the
      rheological equation of normal blood and permits one to calculate a threshold for
      viscous outflow.

PMID- 1200434
TI  - The use of "push the button" analyzers in clinical chemistry.

PMID- 1200435
TI  - Selected reference and definitive methods for clinical chemistry.

PMID- 1200437
TI  - The biologic application of multivariate techniques. The subject as his own
      reference.

PMID- 1200436
TI  - [Interest in the determination of drugs and their metabolites in clinical
      pharmacology and therapeutics].

PMID- 1200438
TI  - Presentation of results.

PMID- 1200439
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of Heinz bodies in feline erythrocytes.
AB  - Whole blood and partially lysed blood films from 5 cats having 20 to 91% of the
      erythrocytes containing Heinz bodies were examined, using the light microscope
      and the scanning electron microscope. Heinz bodies were detected in the intact
      erythrocytes from 3 of the cats as abruptly elevated and distinctly demarcated
      protuberances in various shapes, sizes, and locations. The Heinz bodies were
      located just beneath the cell membrane either centrally or near the cell margin
      and varied in their projectional magnitude. Brilliant cresyl blue staining of
      blood of these 3 cats revealed prominent Heinz bodies within, and projecting
      from, the erythrocytes. In contrast, Heinz bodies were not identified on scanning
      electron microscopy of intact erythrocytes of the remaining 2 cats even though
      Heinz bodies were found on their blood films stained with brilliant cresyl blue.
      Scanning electron microscopy of partially lysed blood smears of all 5 cats
      revealed Heinz bodies of various sizes in the erythrocyte ghosts. Furthermore,
      blood smears from the 3 cats having distinct Heinz bodies in intact erythrocytes
      revealed small dense intracellular granules distributed singly or coalesced in
      small clumps. Further aggregation of these clumps was assumed to result in the
      formation of a single large Heinz body. The 3-dimensional nature of Heinz bodies
      was clearly apparent in lysed blood smears.

PMID- 1200440
TI  - Distribution of acid and alkaline phosphatases in canine skin.
AB  - Azo dye methods were used to determine the distribution of acid phosphatase (ACP)
      and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the skin of 25 Beagle dogs. ALP activity was
      found in dermal papillae of hair follicles regardless of their state of activity,
      in Huxley's layer of the inner root sheath of anagen stages, in myoepithelial
      cells of apocrine sweat glands, in germinative cells of sebaceous glands, in
      vascular endothelium, and in mast cells. The ACP activity was found in the
      epidermis, outer and inner root sheaths, keratogenous zone, hair cuticle and
      medulla, duct of sebaceous gland, and sebum. The results indicate that ACP and
      ALP are distinctive enzymes serving different biologic functions. The principal
      role of ALP in the skin appears to be dephosphorylation for adsorption and
      transport of chemical substances necessary for growth and maintainence of the
      pilary system and glandular adnexa. The ACP appears to be primarily involved in
      the breakdown of phospholipids and in necrobiosis of keratinocytes.

PMID- 1200441
TI  - Equine serum lipids: serum lipids and glucose in Morgan and Thoroughbred horses
      and Shetland ponies.
AB  - Concentrations of serum phospholipids, triglycerides, total cholesterol,
      nonesterified fatty acids, and glucose were determined for 9 months (September,
      1972, to May, 1973) in 19 fasting horses and ponies (8 Morgan horses, 7
      Thoroughbred horses, and 4 Shetland Ponies). Morgan horses had higher
      concentrations of total lipid than did Thoroughbreds, although the relative
      proportions of each type of lipid were similar in the 2 breeds. Shetland Ponies
      had higher nonesterified fatty acid and lower glucose concentrations than did
      either breed of horse. In both breeds of horses, concentrations of serum
      triglycerides in the cold months (December to March) were lower than those in the
      warm months. In the Shetland Pony, there was no seasonal variation in
      triglycerides, but a significant increase was seen in concentration of
      nonesterified fatty acids in the cold months. The significance of these findings
      is discussed.

PMID- 1200442
TI  - Scanning electron, light, and immunofluorescent microscopy of intestine of
      gnotobiotic calf infected with calf diarrheal coronavirus.
AB  - Intestinal lesions in 2 gnotobiotic calves given (oral inoculation) calf
      diarrheal coronavirus were studied by scanning electron, light, and
      immunofluorescent microscopy. The calves were euthanatized at 34 and 73 hours
      after the onset of diarrhea. Lesions in the small intestine were similar to those
      reported in animals affected with transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. Small
      intestinal villi were shortened, some adjacent villi were fused, and villous
      epithelium was composed of low cuboidal to squamous cells. In the ansa spiralis
      coli, there were atrophy of the colonic ridges and marked differences in length
      and spacing of the microvilli on individual epithelial cells.

PMID- 1200443
TI  - Intravenous johnin and tuberculin tests in cattle vaccinated with Mycobacterium
      paratuberculosis cells and subsequently inoculated with Mycobacterium bovis.
AB  - Calves at 30 days of age were vaccinated with a killed whole-cell Mycobacterium
      paratuberculosis vaccine. Four months later, these calves were inoculated with
      Mycobacterium bovis. The intravenous tuberculin and johnin tests were applied
      both before and after inoculation. The results of the hematologic investigation
      had extremes at both high and low values and were too unsuitable for statistical
      analysis. The intravenous tuberculin test is considered unsuitable for diagnosis
      of bovine tuberculosis in cattle vaccinated against paratuberculosis.

PMID- 1200444
TI  - Immunoglobulins in cattle vaccinated with leptospiral bacterins.
AB  - The growth-inhibition test was used to detect specific antibodies against
      Leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo in isolated immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM)
      fractions of serums from cattle vaccinated with leptospiral bacterins. The growth
      inhibiting antibodies were detected mainly in the IgG class. Agglutinated clumps
      also occurred with the IgM fraction. The serums collected from cattle 4 months
      after vaccination were negative in the microscopic agglutination test.

PMID- 1200445
TI  - Measurement of phagocytosis of 32P-labeled Staphylococcus aureus by bovine
      leukocytes: lysostaphin digestion and inhibitory effect of cream.
AB  - A procedure to measure phagocytosis by blood and milk neutrophils was developed.
      One milliliter of heat-killed 32P-labeled Staphylococcus aureus ([32P]SA) (180
      200 X 10(6) CFU), 1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBSS), and 2 ml of
      serum, whole milk, skimmed milk, whey, or PBSS were incubated in duplicate for 60
      minutes at 37 C. Isolated blood or milk nuetrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes
      (PMN), 25 X 10(6) cells/ml; 1 ml) were added and incubated at 37 C for 30
      minutes. Unphagocytosed [32P]SA organisms were lysed by incubation with 5 ml of
      lysostaphin (10 U) at 37 C for 30 minutes, and the PMN and phagocytosed T2P]SA
      were removed by centrifugation. Radioactivity of the supernatant was determined
      in a scintillation spectrometer and was used in estimate the percentage of
      [32P]SA phogocytosed. With this procedure, 25 assays in duplicate could be
      conducted each day with an expected coefficient of variation between duplicates
      of 5.6%. Blood PMN phagocytosed 80, 44, 74, 72, and 11% of the [32P]SA when
      incubated in serum, whole milk, skimmed milk, whey, and PBSS, respectively. Mik
      PMN phagocytosed 78, 44, 72, 74, and 22%, respectively. The addition of cream to
      either skimmed milk or serum reduced phagocytosis of [32P]SA by both blood and
      milk PMN. The inhibitory effect of cream was verified by the microscopic
      observation that PMN containing large quantities of ingested fat contained fewer
      S aureus. Seemingly, PMN upon entering the alveoli of the mammary gland become
      less efficiently phagocytic for bacteria, because of the presence of milk fat
      globules. This phef intramammary infection by invading mastitic pathogens.

PMID- 1200446
TI  - Pathogenesis of in utero infection: experimental infection of eight- and ten-week
      old porcine fetuses with porcine parvovirus.
AB  - Selected numbers of fetuses in each of 4 pregnant gilts were exposed to a porcine
      parvovirus by injecting the virus into the allantoic fluid at gestation day 56 or
      70. The fetuses were examined on postexposure day 7 or 14. When pregnancy was
      terminated, 2 of 15 exposed fetuses were dead. Several fetuses tested at post
      exposure day 14 had hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to porcine parvovirus.
      Virus was detected most frequently and in highest concentration in the
      parenchymatous organs of thorax and abdomen of fetuses exposed on gestation day
      56. A small amount of antigen was in neurons and capillary endothelium of
      cerebral and cerebellar cortexes.

PMID- 1200447
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in liver of the rat fed hexachlorobenzene.
AB  - Changes in hepatic ultrastructure were observed in rats given hexachlorobenzene
      (HCB) as a component of the diet in concentrations of 5, 10, and 25 ppm for 3, 6,
      and 12 months. A significant change was in the cellular regions normally
      containing smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Sometimes the SER proliferated and
      at other times it appeared to be replaced by quantities of storage product
      presumed to be glycogen. Proliferation of SER was often associated with the
      smaller doses of HCB and the increase in storage products with the larger doses
      of HCB. However, dose relationships were variable. The most significant changes
      were in mitochondria which became elongated or swollen. Swollen mitochondria were
      occasionally as large as nuclei. Usually only a fraction of the mitochondria in a
      cell appeared abnormal. Storage bodies 1 to 4 mum in diameter developed in some
      cells. These bodies were surrounded by a double membrane derived from the
      endoplasmic reticulum and may have been the partly digested remains of
      degenerated mitochondria.

PMID- 1200448
TI  - Morphologic heterogeneity of a strain of swine influenza virus
      (A/swine/Wisconsin/1/68, Hsw1N1) propagated at different temperatures.
AB  - Strain A/swine/Wisconsin/1/68 (WI/68) swine influenza virus (SIV) was propagated
      in embryonating chicken eggs at 33, 35, or 37 C. The SIV harvested from eggs
      incubated at 33 C invariably had higher hemagglutination (HA) and egg infectivity
      titers than did SIV propagated in eggs at the 2 higher temperatures. When SIV
      inoculum propagated at 33 C was inoculated into separate groups of eggs and
      incubated at 33, 35, and 37 C, the SIV harvested from inoculum incubated at the 2
      higher temperatures had significantly lower infectivity and HA titers than did
      that propagated at 33 C. By electron microscopy (EM), viral particles of Wi/68
      were of various sizes and shapes regardless of the temperature used to propagate
      the virus. However, in contrast to what was seen in SIV harvested from innoculum
      incubated at 33 C incubation, pleomorphic shapes and particles with surface
      abnormalities were much more frequent in SIV harvested from inoculums kept at the
      2 higher temperatures. Approximately one-third of the particles from 35 and 37 C
      incubation either were spikeless or were relatively deficient in surface spikes.

PMID- 1200449
TI  - Luteolysis with prostaglandin F2alpha or an antiserum against an equine pituitary
      fraction in hysterectomized mares.
AB  - Luteolysis, determined by corpus luteum weight and progesterone concentration in
      jugular blood, occurred in uterine-intact and in hysterectomized mares after
      injection of prostaglandin F2alpha or of an antiserum against an equine pituitary
      fraction. Results indicated that luteolytic effects of exogenous prostaglandin
      F2alpha and inhibition of the endogenous luteotrophic activity of the hypophysis
      (pituitary gland) by antiserum did not involve the uterus.

PMID- 1200450
TI  - Equine toxoplasmosis: a survey for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in horses.
AB  - A nationwide sample of horses was tested to determine the prevalence of
      toxoplasma antibodies in equine animals. Of 1,294 serum samples from horses
      tested by the microtitration indirect hemagglutin test, 20% were positive. Among
      the popular breeds of horses, the following antibody prevalences were found:
      Arabian, 19%; Paint, 22%; Quarter Horses, 13%; Thoroughbred, 24%; and
      Standardbred, 17%. The antibody prevalence increased from 2% in horses 1 year of
      age to 18% in 2-year-olds, and rose to 38% in horses 12 years of age. Significant
      differences were not evident by broad geographic locations across the United
      States. However, there were differences in prevalence according to premises where
      the horses were kept. On some ranches, there was no evidence of infection,
      whereas up to 67% of the horses on other premises were seropositive for
      toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 1200451
TI  - Survival of Ancylostoma caninum on bare ground, pea gravel, and concrete.
AB  - Studies were done to determine the survival of infective Ancylostoma caninum 3rd
      stage larvae on 3 ground covers commonly used in dog run construction: bare
      ground, pea gravel, and concrete. Changes in numbers of recovered larvae were
      compared to meterologic data and the most significant weather variables were
      determined. Larvae were recovered 1 to 7 days on bare ground. Larvae survived
      longer in the fecal mass (mean of 3 days) than on the bare ground (mean of 2
      days). Rain was the most significant variable, in that it was positive in its
      effects (higher larval count) early in the experiment (causing fecal mass
      breakdown and release of larvae) and negative (lower larval count) later in the
      experiment (spreading larvae away from test site). Larvae were also recovered 1
      to 7 days on pea gravel. They were recovered for a mean 2.6 days from the fecal
      sample, a mean of 1.5 days from the rocks directly below the fecal mass, and a
      mean of 1.3 days from the remaining rocks. Here also, rain was the most
      significant weather factor. It was negatively significant (lower larval count)
      for the fecal mass (spreading of the larvae) and positive for those in the
      pebbles (increasing the moisture in the pebbles). Survival time of larvae on
      concrete was shorter than that on the other 2 substrates: from 0 to 2 days.
      Larvae were recovered a mean of 1.3 days from the fecal mass and a mean of 0.,
      days from the surrounding concrete. Rain was positively significant early in the
      experiments in that it released trapped larvae from the fecal mass. Sunlight
      consistently was negatively significant (lower larval count) due to its lethality
      to the unprotected larvae.

PMID- 1200452
TI  - Strabismus in hydrocephalus.

PMID- 1200453
TI  - Clinical aspects of convergence.

PMID- 1200454
TI  - Methods of assessing visual acuity in young children.

PMID- 1200455
TI  - The heritability of strabismus.

PMID- 1200456
TI  - A silicone nosepiece for children's eyeglasses: technique of molding.

PMID- 1200457
TI  - Motility dysfunction following surgery for retinal detachment.

PMID- 1200458
TI  - Inferior rectus palsies as a manifestation of atypical IIIrd cranial nerve
      disease.

PMID- 1200459
TI  - Indications for weakening the inferior oblique muscle.

PMID- 1200460
TI  - Missed diagnoses in pediatric neuro-ophthalmology.

PMID- 1200461
TI  - Strabismus associated with craniofacial anomalies.

PMID- 1200462
TI  - Strabismus and learning disabilities.

PMID- 1200463
TI  - Results of strabismus therapy in cerebral palsied children.

PMID- 1200464
TI  - An evaluation of the use of Fresnel press-on prisms in childhood strabismus.

PMID- 1200466
TI  - Strabismic sensory evaluation using a stereoprojector in polarized light.

PMID- 1200465
TI  - The therapeutic scope of the Fresnel press-on prism: three interesting cases.

PMID- 1200467
TI  - Blindspot syndrome vs blindspot mechanism.

PMID- 1200468
TI  - Penalization, treatment of ARC and amblyopia.

PMID- 1200469
TI  - Aspects and results of penalization treatment.

PMID- 1200470
TI  - Symposium: Strabismus plus: associated neuro-ophthalmologic genetic, craniofacial
      disorders and treatment. Introduction.

PMID- 1200471
TI  - The value of diagnostic occlusion for intermittent exotropia.

PMID- 1200472
TI  - The management of overcorrections in exotropia.

PMID- 1200473
TI  - Surgical treatment of exotropia.

PMID- 1200474
TI  - Report of task force on sex bias and sex-role stereotyping in psychotherapeutic
      practice.

PMID- 1200475
TI  - Fishing for ideas.

PMID- 1200476
TI  - A contractual model for the protection of the rights of institutionalized mental
      patients.

PMID- 1200477
TI  - The peer review system on trial.

PMID- 1200478
TI  - Scent-marking in wolves.

PMID- 1200479
TI  - Primate brain evolution.

PMID- 1200480
TI  - Genetic regulation and the fossil record.

PMID- 1200481
TI  - Microbial degradation of organic compounds in the biosphere.

PMID- 1200482
TI  - Research and education in times of inflation.

PMID- 1200483
TI  - Are aerosol sprays hazardous?

PMID- 1200484
TI  - Observation of the secretion on the surface of the bronchioles with the scanning
      electron microscope.
AB  - The secretion covering the surface of the bronchioles can be demonstrated with
      the scanning electron microscope if fixative is introduced into the pulmonary
      artery or directly into the lung rather than through the trachea. Buffered
      glutaraldehyde, ethanol, or an ethanol-ether mixture can be used as a fixative.
      With this method of preparation the surface secretion appears as a smooth coating
      covering the cilia and cells. The secretion is insoluble in ethanol ether or
      chloroform methanol, suggesting that there is little lipid contained in it.
      Reasons are cited for believing that the major component of the secretion is a
      protein that arises from the Clara cell.

PMID- 1200486
TI  - Relationship of arterial-alveolar nitrogen tension to alveolar-arterial oxygen
      tension, lung volume, flow measurements, and diffusing capacity in cystic
      fibrosis.
AB  - Pulmonary function in children with cystic fibrosis was assessed by the arterial
      alveolar PN2 difference adjusted to sublingual temperature. The resulting values
      were compared with the alveolar-arterial PO2 difference, arterial PCO2, and
      standard measurements of lung volume, flow, and diffusing capacity. The arterial
      alveolar PN2 difference was nearly one half of the PO2 difference, both early in
      the disease and at a more advanced stage. Analysis taking into account the O2
      dissociation curve and the possibility that alveolar temperature is higher than
      sublingual temperature suggested that all of the PO2 difference could be
      explained in terms of ventilation-perfusion imbalance in gas-filled units of the
      lung. Reduction of fractional CO uptake with increasing PN2 difference suggested
      that the decrease in diffusing capacity in cystic fibrosis may be explained by
      ventilation-perfusion inequality. A significant relationship between arterial
      PCO2 and the PN2 difference supported the view that ventilation-perfusion
      inequality is the cause of CO2 retention when present. The PN2 and PO2
      differences were abnormal before the standard tests of lung volume and flow, but
      in general, the correlation was excellent. Because the PN2 difference was not
      superior to the PO2 difference in detecting early disease, and because the
      technical problems in its measurement are considerable, it is not recommended as
      a routine measurement.

PMID- 1200485
TI  - Vascular interdependence in postmortem human lungs.
AB  - Interdependence of arteries and the surrounding lung was estimated in excised,
      postmortem human lungs. At low vascular pressures, vessel diameter increased as
      the lung was inflated. At high vascular pressures, vessel diameter decreased as
      the lung was inflated. Compared to the effects of interdependence in excised dog
      lobes, those in human lungs at low transpulmonary pressures were small. The
      following conclusions were reached: (1) the diameter of intrapulmonary arteries
      is stabilized (more constant with changes in intravascular pressure) when the
      lung has a high transpulmonary pressure; (2) increases in pulmonary vascular
      resistance at high lung volumes may be related to extra-alveolar, as well as
      intra-alveolar, vessel compression; (3) interdependence in human lungs differs
      markedly from interdependence in dog lungs.

PMID- 1200487
TI  - Pulmonary arteriovenous differences in serum antiprotease activity during
      experimental pneumonitis.
AB  - The trypsin-inhibiting activity in pulmonary arterial blood and in blood of the
      left atrium was measured in rabbits with bacterial or papain-induced pneumonitis.
      In both experimental models, the trypsin-inhibiting activity was significantly
      lower (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.002) in blood after it had passed
      through the inflamed lung than in pulmonary arterial blood. Healthy rabbits had
      no arteriovenous difference of antitryptic activity in the pulmonary circulation.
      Consumption or alteration of inhibitors by protease in the inflamed tissue is a
      reasonable explanation for this difference. We interpreted these data as
      supporting the hypothesis that protease inhibitors in serum exert a protective
      function against proteolytic enzymes during inflammation. In conditions of low
      serum protease-inhibiting activity, as in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency,
      proteolytic damage to lung tissue could result.

PMID- 1200488
TI  - Vocal cord paralysis due to pulmonary tuberculosis.
AB  - Tuberculosis must be considered in any patient with vocal cord paralysis.
      Mediastinoscopy, added to the usual diagnostic procedures, may be useful in the
      differential diagnosis.

PMID- 1200489
TI  - Evaluation of nitrogen analyzers.
AB  - Commercial N2 analyzers are in current use in tests for pulmonary closing volume.
      To determine whether differences between instruments might lead to
      inconsistencies in the measurement of closing volume, we compared the
      performances of 3 different N2 analyzers. The tests involved measurement of
      accuracy under constant and varying conditions, response to transient changes in
      N2 concentration, long-term stability, and an assessment of mechanical integrity.
      There were moderate differences in accuracy among the 3 instruments that can be
      essentially eliminated at N2 concentrations less than 40 per cent by changing the
      calibration procedure for one of the instruments. There were also moderate
      differences in instrument stability, dependence on environmental conditions, and
      mechanical quality.

PMID- 1200490
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test in patients with sarcoidosis.
AB  - A group of 17 patients with histologically confirmed sarcoidosis were examined
      for the presence of anergy and the intracutaneous response to 2 mug of purified
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA); lymphocytes of 15 of these patients were studied for in
      vitro blastic response to PHA-M. Although 8 of the patients were anergic and 8
      had impaired in vitro response to PHA, all patients showed a normal response to
      intradermal injection of PHA. It was concluded that patients with sarcoidosis
      have an intact intradermal response to PHA, suggesting that the anergy seen in
      this disease results from impaired initiation of the delayed hypersensitivity
      reaction and not from impaired mononuclear cell responsiveness. The PHA skin test
      may be a useful adjunct in the evaluation of anergic patients.

PMID- 1200491
TI  - Cord factor not toxic in rats.
AB  - Systemic toxicity and local inflammatory activity of cord factor were compared
      between mice and rats. In mice, repeated intraperitoneal injection of cord factor
      caused a marked worsening of general condition and high mortality. The swelling
      of footpads injected with cord factor was also marked in mice. In contrast,
      injection of cord factor produced no such toxic reactions in rats, except that
      repeated intraperitoneal injections of high doses of cord factor induced an
      accumulation of ascites.

PMID- 1200492
TI  - Letter: The competing risks of tuberculosis and hepatitis for adult tuberculin
      reactors.

PMID- 1200493
TI  - Status inequality and stress in marriage.
AB  - Emotional stresses that are experienced in marriage are traced to differences in
      spouses' status origins. Linking status differences to such stress are a number
      of intervening conditions. People to whom status advancement is important and who
      have married mates of lower status are apt to have a sense of loss that leads, in
      turn, to a disruptions of reciprocity, expressiveness, affection and value
      sharing in marital exchange. Such disruptions then act as immediate antecedents
      to emotional stress. It is through this process that the status order of the
      larger society can reach out to have a deleterious influence on the emotional
      states arising out of marital transactions.

PMID- 1200494
TI  - Transverse myelopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Report of three cases and
      review of the literature.
AB  - Three cases of transverse myelopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
      were reported, and 23 similar cases previously reported were reviewed. A
      diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was made in only 60% before the onset
      of transverse myelopathy. The time of onset of myelopathy was randomly
      distributed during the disease. The most common presenting neurologic symptom was
      numbness, or weakness of the legs, or both. A unique association between the
      acute stage of transverse myelopathy and marked reduction of cerebrospinal fluid
      glucose concentration was observed. Thirteen patients died, 9 had permanent
      neurologic deficits, and only 4 recovered nearly normal function. Eight patients
      had ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord at postmortem examination, and vascular
      lesions were found in the spinal cord of 3 additional patients. The value of
      steroid treatment was uncertain. Patients who were started on steroid therapy
      within 24 hours of the onset of myelopathy may have benefited.

PMID- 1200496
TI  - Juvenile polyposis and gastrointestinal carcinoma. A study of a kindred.
AB  - A kindred contained at least 10 members with single or multiple juvenile polyps
      of the stomach and large intestine. Several additional polyps had both
      adenomatous and juvenile features. Eleven members of the kindred have had
      gastrointestinal carcinoma of the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, or proximal colon.
      The pattern of inheritance in this kindred suggests either a single or two
      closely linked autosomal dominant determinants for gastrointestinal carcinoma and
      polyposis. Management of this kindred is complicated due to the occurrence of
      gastrointestinal carcinoma without polyposis.

PMID- 1200495
TI  - Quantitative assessment of hepatic function by breath analysis after oral
      administration of (14C)aminopyrine.
AB  - The rate of hepatic metabolism of dimethylaminoantipyrine (aminopyrine), which
      occurs primarily through N-demethylation, was assessed by measurement of the
      specific activity of 14CO2 excreted in breath samples obtained 2 hours after oral
      administration of a trace dose of [14C]aminopyrine. The percentage of
      administered 14C excreted in 14CO2 in 2 hours was 7.0 +/- 1.3 (SD)% in control
      patients, and significantly less (P less than 0.01) in patients with portal
      cirrhosis (2.6 +/- 1.2%), fatty liver (4.7 +/- 1.1%), hepatitis (2.6 +/- 1.4%),
      and hepatic malignancy (3.5 +/- 1.8%). In 16 of 24 subjects with cholestasis not
      caused by malignant disease the mean 14CO2 excretion was normal. The 14CO2
      excretion in patients with portal cirrhosis correlated highly with aminopyrine
      metabolic clearance rate (r equals 0.92), serum albumin (r equals 0.75), and
      retention of bromsulphalein (r equals 0.73). Abnormal 14CO2 excretion returned to
      normal in patients with hepatitis, when the hepatitis resolved. The data suggest
      that the aminopyrine breath test is a safe, simple, qualitative and quantitative
      liver function test.

PMID- 1200497
TI  - Extreme hypermagnesemia as a cause of refractory hypotension.
AB  - A 62-year-old woman with adequate renal function who consumed large quantities of
      magnesium citrate presented with lethargy and hypotension. The hypotension was
      refractory to all conventional therapy. Her serum magnesium was 12.5 meq/litre
      (normal, 1.5 to 2.5). She was found to have a perforated duodenal ulcer;
      peritoneal aspirate magnesium concentration was 12.2 meq/litre. Hypotension
      improved with intravenous calcium and peritoneal dialysis. This case shows that
      hypermagnesemia may be accompanied by severe refractory hypotension, and that
      intestinal disease may predispose to hypermagnesemia in patients ingesting large
      quantities of magnesium despite normal renal function. Dialysis removes excess
      magnesium and reverses its toxic effects.

PMID- 1200498
TI  - Sideroblastic anemia with splenic abscess and fatal thromboemboli after
      splenectomy.
AB  - A man with sideroblastic anemia had a splenectomy because of a salmonella abscess
      of the spleen that had ruptured into the colon. Two months later he developed
      recurrent thrombophiebitis and fatal thromboembolism associated with
      thrombocytosis. A review of the literature showed multiple additional cases of
      sideroblastic anemia with thrombocytosis and thromboembolism after splenectomy.
      In many of these cases the patient died. Splenectomy for treatment of a
      sideroblastic anemia probable is contraindicated. If splenectomy is done, long
      term therapy to avoid thromboembolic complications probably should be maintained
      for many months or even years.

PMID- 1200500
TI  - Letter: Acute arthritis induced by isoniazid.

PMID- 1200499
TI  - Bacterial endocarditis caused by Oerskovia turbata.
AB  - Oerskovia turbata is a yellow, motile actinomycete, which before now has only
      been found in soil and has not been known to cause disease in man or animals. It
      was isolated from 29 cultures of blood taken during 6 months from an urban
      pensioner after homograft replacement of his aortic valve. The combination of
      ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim was lethal for O. turbata in
      vitro; however, antimicrobial therapy alone failed to eradicate the patient's
      infection. Cure was achieved after the infected homograft was replaced with a
      prosthetic aortic valve. Although the source of O. turbata in this patient is
      unknown, sterilization of homograft valves with antimicrobial solutions is
      difficult. Moreover, environmental contamination during cardiopulmonary bypass is
      common. Oerskovia turbata is another opportunistic pathogen of man.

PMID- 1200501
TI  - Letter: Gas gangrene after intramuscular injection of epinephrine: report of
      fatal case.

PMID- 1200502
TI  - Letter: Cephalothin-induced granulocytopenia.

PMID- 1200504
TI  - Letter: Disulfiram hepatotoxicity.

PMID- 1200503
TI  - Letter: IgA myeloma globulin and Bence Jones proteinuria in diffuse plasmacytoma
      of small intestine.

PMID- 1200505
TI  - Letter: Bleeding diathesis in fresh water drowning.

PMID- 1200506
TI  - Letter: Polydipsia and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated
      with hydrocephalus.

PMID- 1200507
TI  - Handwashing practices for the prevention of nosocomial infections.
AB  - Handwashing is generally considered the most important procedure in preventing
      nosocomial infections, because many types of these infections may be caused by
      organisms transmitted on the hands of personnel. Personnel should wash their
      hands before and after significant contact with any patient. The risk of
      personnel acquiring transient hand carriage of organisms is usually greatest
      after contact with excretions, secretions, or blood; patients at greatest risk
      are those undergoing surgery, those with catheters, and newborn infants. Although
      handwashing with an antiseptic agent between patient contacts is theoretically
      desirable, handwashing with soap, water, and mechanical friction are sufficient
      ro remove most transiently acquired organisms. Antiseptic agents may produce
      excessively dry skin if used frequently, and any regimen of handwashing that
      leads to dermatitis negates the purpose of handwashing. We favor antiseptics for
      handwashing before surgery and other high-risk invasive procedures and in the
      care of newborn infants but prefer soap and water for other handwashing.

PMID- 1200508
TI  - Editorials: Immunosuppressive therapy in lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1200509
TI  - Changes in the postdoctoral education of internists?

PMID- 1200510
TI  - Letter: The medical scene in Israel today.

PMID- 1200512
TI  - Letter: Alternate-day steroid therapy.

PMID- 1200511
TI  - Letter: Lupus erythematosus and brain scanning.

PMID- 1200513
TI  - Letter: Steroid therapy in Goodpasture's syndrome.

PMID- 1200514
TI  - Letter: Asbestos pleural effusion?

PMID- 1200515
TI  - Letter: Fluphenazine and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

PMID- 1200516
TI  - Letter: Renin suppression.

PMID- 1200517
TI  - Letter: Antiplatelet antibody.

PMID- 1200518
TI  - Letter: Pulmonary radiation reactions.

PMID- 1200519
TI  - Letter: Sodium azide poisoning.

PMID- 1200520
TI  - Letter: Furosemide screening test and pheochromocytoma.

PMID- 1200521
TI  - Unabsorbable carbohydrates and insulin need.

PMID- 1200522
TI  - Peer review by criteria mapping: criteria for diabetes mellitus. The use of
      decision-making in chart audit.
AB  - The UCLA Experimental Medical Care Review Organization (EMCRO), in an attempt to
      minimize the problem of applying a general list of criteria to each patient with
      a specific condition, has developed a method called Criteria Mapping. This method
      uses sequential judgments based on the specific clinical data for the individual
      patient to assess the quality of care by medical record audit. The method does
      not penalize the physician for omitting unnecessary procedures by allowing
      alternate decisions when appropriate, and provides supporting reference materials
      to allow nonphysicians to make reliable medical interpretations of the data in
      medical records. It is expected that this method will more accurately reflect the
      physicians' intentions, and that process, when measured by this approach, may
      correlate better with the outcome of medical care.

PMID- 1200523
TI  - Glucagon secretion in acute and chronic pancreatitis.
AB  - Plasma pancreatic glucagon concentrations were determined in the basal state and
      after the infusion of alanine in 10 patients with acute pancreatitis (5 in an
      initial episode of pancreatitis), in 10 patients with chronic pancreatic
      insufficiency, and in 21 healthy controls. In acute pancreatitis, basal glucagon
      levels were nine times normal but were higher during the initial attack than with
      a history of previous attacks. The glucagon response to alanine was also
      increased threefold to fourfold in initial attacks. In contrast, after recovery
      from the initial attack of acute pancreatitis, during acute episodes of
      pancreatitis in patients with a history of previous attacks, and in patients with
      pancreatic insufficiency, alanine failed to elicit a consistent rise in plasma
      glucagon. The data suggest that hyperglucagonemia may contribute to the
      hyperglycemia of acute pancreatitis, particularly during the initial episode.
      Loss of alpha cell responsiveness to alanine provides a sensitive index of
      previous pancreatitis.

PMID- 1200524
TI  - Amikacin therapy for serious gram-negative bacillary infections.
AB  - Amikacin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic pharmacologically similar to
      kanamycin. It has a wide range of activity against Gram-negative bacilli,
      including many resistant to gentamicin. Thirty-six serious Gram-negative
      bacillary infections were treated with amikacin. Twenty-nine patients (80-6%)
      responded (cured or improved). Twelve of 13 patients with gentamicin-resistant
      pathogens responded. Minor ototoxicity occurred in 6 patients and was associated
      with prolonged therapy or previous aminoglycoside therapy. Possible
      nephrotoxicity with amikacin was found in 6 patients. Amikacin should be used
      primarily to treat suspected or known gentamicin-resistant pathogens.

PMID- 1200525
TI  - Large artery involvement in giant cell (temporal) arteritis.
AB  - Of 248 patients with giant cell arteritis, 34 had evidence that the disease
      affected the aorta or its major branches. Symptoms suggestive of large artery
      involvement were intermittent claudication of an extremity, paresthesias, and
      Raynaud's phenomenon. Physical findings included absent or decreased large artery
      pulses and bruits over large arteries. Four patients presented with decreased
      upper extremity pulses as the initial manifestation of their arteritis. Nine
      other patients under treatment for temporal arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica
      first developed evidence of large artery involvement as corticosteroid therapy
      was tapered or discontinued. Angiography, performed in 10 patients, was helpful
      in indicating arteritis rather than atherosclerosis as the cause of large artery
      disease. Three patients died with aortic rupture, and, at autopsy, widespread
      giant cell arteritis was found. However, when corticosteroids were given in
      adequate doses, the response was favorable in most patients; intermittent
      claudication decreased and the pulses improved.

PMID- 1200526
TI  - Deficiency of the second component of complement (C2) with chronic vasculitis.
AB  - A patient had complete deficiency of the second component of complement
      associated with chronic vasculitis and increased susceptibility to infection. We
      discuss here results of the complement profile, histocompatibility typing, and
      studies of the functional properties of patient plasma or serum in chemotaxis and
      opsonization in relation to the disease entity and host susceptibility to
      infection.

PMID- 1200527
TI  - A new treatment for hirsutism.
AB  - Twenty-four hirsute female patients were treated with 100 mg of depo
      medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscularly every 15 days. Twenty-three showed
      definite improvement from their abnormal hair growth. All patients with initially
      elevated 17-ketosteroids in 24-hour urine collections showed a decrease of these
      metabolites with treatment. In eleven patients the initial plasma testosterone
      level was elevated and returned to normal values with treatment. The first
      patient who was submitted to this therapy stopped the treatment for 5 months and
      started having abnormal hair growth again. With other patients, after initial
      treatment with depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscularly, we started using
      contraception pills containing medroxyprogesterone; this maintained the reduced
      ectopic hair growth. The most important side effect was amenorrhea.

PMID- 1200528
TI  - False-negative stool occult blood tests caused by ingestion of ascorbic acid
      (vitamin C).
AB  - In a female patient with unexplained anemia, ascorbic acid ingestion and apparent
      false-negative occult blood tests were related. When she stopped ascorbic acid,
      her stools became strongly reactive ("4+") by three tests for occult stool blood;
      this association was observed repeatedly. A test developed to measure stool
      occult blood in the presence of ascorbic acid remained reactive throughout this
      observation, and the observation was confirmed by in-vitro studies. Current tests
      for occult blood depend on the pseudoperoxidase activity of heme and are
      inhibited by low levels of ascorbic acid. Reducing substances chemically similar
      to ascorbic acid also inhibits occult blood tests; oxidized ascorbic acid and
      sulfhydryl reducing agents do not inhibit them at physiologic levels.

PMID- 1200529
TI  - Spurious Schilling test results obtained with intrinsic factor enclosed in
      capsules.
AB  - Three urinary excretion tests of vitamin B12 absorption were done in 12 patients
      with classic pernicious anemia. The 24-hour urinary excretion of radioactivity
      was 2.1% +/- 0.7% (mean +/- SEM) of the ingested dose of cyanocobalamin-57 Co.
      When cyanocobalamin-57 Co was mixed with hog intrinsic factor in water, excretion
      increased to 15.6% +/- 1.6%. When cyanocobalamin-57 Co and intrinsic factor were
      given in two separate capsules, which is now a frequent practice, excretion was
      9.5% +/- 2.2%. In 6 patients, use of the results obtained with capsules could
      have led to an incorrect diagnosis. When cyanocobalamin-57 Co and intrinsic
      factor are given in separate capsules, binding of radioactive vitamin to
      intrinsic factor may be incomplete due to inadequate mixing in the stomach or to
      binding of intrinsic factor to blocking antibody in the gastric juice. The
      classic technique in which intrinsic factor and cyanocobalamin-57 Co are mixed in
      water before administration should be used.

PMID- 1200530
TI  - Outbreak of clindamycin-associated colitis.

PMID- 1200531
TI  - Letter: Acute pancreatitis due to procainamide-induced lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1200532
TI  - Letter: Ureterosigmoidostomy and cancer: new observations.

PMID- 1200533
TI  - Letter: Familial breast cancer, soft-tissue sarcomas, and other neoplasms.

PMID- 1200534
TI  - Letter: Exophthalmometry of blacks.

PMID- 1200535
TI  - Acute alveolar hemorrhage in lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1200536
TI  - Residency training in primary care internal medicine. Report of an operational
      program.
AB  - The Primary Care Program at the Massachusetts General Hospital is designed to
      develop competence in the full range of problems encountered by general
      internists delivering primary care. House staff spend 3 years in the program,
      which starts with internship, includes a senior residency, and fulfills the
      requirements for board eligibility in internal medicine. Half of the training is
      provided in outpatient care settings. House staff assume responsibility for
      organization and operation of an ambulatory medical unit. In addition, there is
      supervised instruction in office gynecology, orthopedics, ear, nose and throat,
      dermatology, and psychiatry. Close integration with the traditional inpatient
      oriented training program is maintained to ensure commensurate growth and
      competence in management of acute, life-threatening disease.

PMID- 1200537
TI  - Herbal pharmacology and medical therapy in the People's Republic of China.
AB  - A scientific delegation visited the People's Republic of China for the purpose of
      assessing the current status of herbal pharmacology and medicine there. China is
      attempting to wed traditional and Western medicine so as to take advantage of the
      potential contributions of both. This wedding seems possible at the empiric level
      despite theoretical contradictions. Traditional remedies are widely prescribed,
      but the actual impact of such medication on disease is difficult to assess,
      because of the failure of the Chinese up until now to evaluate such remedies by
      modern clinical trial methodology. All Western drugs are readily available in
      China, and indeed are manufactured for export as well as for use within the
      country. The current chinese approach to the patient-doctor relation, and some
      novel ideas with regard to both medical and surgical therapy pose provocative
      questions for Western physicians.

PMID- 1200538
TI  - Editorial: Reduction of infarct size by oxygen inhalation.

PMID- 1200539
TI  - Editorial: Fibers and fibrosis.

PMID- 1200540
TI  - Letter: Medical ethics.

PMID- 1200541
TI  - Letter: Renal vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1200543
TI  - Letter: Hemolysis from hot dialysate.

PMID- 1200542
TI  - Letter: Renal effects of urography in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1200544
TI  - Letter: Alkalosis and urate clearance.

PMID- 1200545
TI  - Letter: Amyloidosis and Behcet's disease.

PMID- 1200546
TI  - Letter: Jimson weed seeds.

PMID- 1200547
TI  - Letter: Evaluation, profiling, and screening.

PMID- 1200548
TI  - Letter: Relative frequencies of anaerobes.

PMID- 1200549
TI  - Letter: Isoproterenol, asthma, and the heart.

PMID- 1200550
TI  - Letter: Review of "VD Epidemic".

PMID- 1200552
TI  - [The intracellular multiplication of "Brucella" The theory for an experimental
      model (author's transl)].
AB  - Brucella melitensis can penetrate and multiply in cells of the BHK21 line. The
      intracellular bacteria can be counted either by culture after destruction of the
      cells or by direct examination after staining; in the latter case, the cells are
      distributed into various classes according to the number of bacteria which they
      contain. The number of intracellular bacteria increased exponentially and the
      division time is 12 hours. The intracellular division of the bacteria is
      independent of the cellular invasion. The infection by bacteria is not a factor
      related to mortality nor to survival of the cells. Whatever the number of
      bacteria initially placed on the BHK21 cells (up to 1,000 bacteria per cell), the
      number of infected cells never increased about 20%, and this indicates that all
      the cells do not have the same aptitude for the phagocytosis of Brucella. A
      mathematical model is suggested. Taking all factors into account, the model shows
      the probability for a certain number of Brucella per cell and, on the other hand,
      it shows the mean number of Brucella per cell at any particular moment. This
      model can be used in the case of other bacteria and of other cells, and can be
      used whenever a precise study of the intracellular multiplication of bacteria is
      required.

PMID- 1200551
TI  - [The spore germination of "Clostridium tyrobutyricum" III.--An hypothesis on the
      mechanism of initiation (author's transl)].
AB  - Spores of C. tyrobutyricum do not contain 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) but a
      polysaccharide which could replace PGA as an energy source during germination.
      The absence of PGA, which is an inhibitor of phosphotransacetylase, confirms the
      role of the acetyl-CoA synthesizing system in the germination initiated by
      acetate. Spore extracts of C. tyrobutyricum, as extracts of vegetative cells,
      were found to contain a ferredoxin and exhibited a NADH-ferredoxin oxydase
      activity which required the presence of an acetyl-CoA regenerating system,
      suggesting that this enzyme is also involved in germination. From this results,
      an hypothesis on the role of initiators (acetate and NH4+) in the mechanism of
      initiation of spore germination in C. tyrobutyricum is proposed. Acetate would
      have an effect on the utilisation of the endogenous polysaccharide and on glucose
      catabolism, and therefore, would be an effector for the production of the energy
      required particularly to transport cations into the spore.

PMID- 1200553
TI  - The effect of chronic administration of a topical antibiotic on the conjunctival
      flora.
AB  - Twenty-two volunteers received topical 0.25% chloromycetin ophthalmic drops
      without preservatives and 20 received topical 1% methylcellulose ophthalmic drops
      in their right eyes for up to 12 weeks. The left eyes served as controls. The eye
      drops were used an average of 3.21 times per day. A slit lamp biomicroscope
      examination, conjunctival cultures, and antibiotic sensitivities were performed
      on each visit. No difference in the percentage of positive cultures or negative
      cultures obtained in the chloromycetin treated eyes could be found when compared
      with the methycellulose treated group or control eyes. Chloromycetin 0.25%
      ophthalmic drops without preservative appear to be questionably effective,
      although harmless, when used for up to 12 weeks, 3 to 4 times per day.

PMID- 1200554
TI  - Ophthalmologic findings in malaria.
AB  - During the Vietnamese conflict, malaria in epidemic proportions constituted a
      serious health hazard to our forces. Although rarely encountered worldwide,
      Falciparum malaria proved to be an extremely lethal and dangerous complicating
      factor. Ophthalmologic complications of malaria are discussed and particular
      attention is placed on Falciparum malaria with the report of a case in detail and
      the presentation of unusual fundus findings.

PMID- 1200555
TI  - Various parameters of diabetic retinopathy among clinic populations.
AB  - A study of 402 patients was undertaken in a diabetic clinic at a county hospital.
      Diabetes was more common in females. Diabetic retinopathy varied directly with
      the duration of diabetes. Retinopathy occurred earlier with late onset diabetes
      as compared with diabetes occurring in younger patients. The incidence of raised
      intraocular pressure was 13.1%. Raised intraocular pressure did not seem to
      protect the eye against diabetic retinopathy. Good control of diabetes did not
      seem to affect the nature of established retinopathy. The incidence of
      retinopathy was higher if hypertension was present.

PMID- 1200556
TI  - Voluntary unilateral convergent strabismus.
AB  - This syndrome has been reported as a medical rarity. However, 16 cases, including
      2 families, add to knowledge of the occurrence, age of onset, emotional factors,
      and to possible genetic basis in the etiology.

PMID- 1200557
TI  - Metastatic tumor of the orbit.
AB  - Metastatic tumor occurred in the right orbit of a 50-year-old woman 5 years
      following bilateral mastectomy. The tumor caused enophthalmus, ptosis and
      restriction of the ocular movements. The tumor consisted of nondifferentiated
      cells. Transmission and scanning electron microscopic appearance of the tumor is
      also reported.

PMID- 1200558
TI  - Lysozyme in corneal ulcer.
AB  - In the present experimental study the role of lysozyme drops in healing of
      corneal ulcer of staphylococcal origin (sensitive to chloramphenicol) was studied
      on 16 albino rabbits. In 8 rabbits, in one eye placibo drops (distilled water)
      and in the other eye lysozyme 1% were put 4 times daily. In the other 8 rabbits,
      in one eye chloramphenicol drops 0.4% and in the other eye chloramphenicol drops
      0.4% + lysozyme drops 1% were instilled 4 times daily. It was observed that the
      rate of healing of corneal ulcer was much earlier in the eyes which had local
      instillation of chloramphenicol drops + lysozyme in comparison to the eyes which
      had only chloramphenicol drops, lysozyme drops, or distilled water.

PMID- 1200559
TI  - Toxic maculopathy part II: A result of quinine usage as demonstrated by
      fluorescein angiography and electroretinography.
AB  - In this paper, further investigation by fluorescein angiography and
      electroretinography (ERG) was undertaken to substantiate the possible toxic
      maculopathy due to quinine usage. Again, positive Amsler chart tests were found
      in 3 of 14 (21%) of the drug addicts with blurred vision, a common complaint
      among these patients. The results of 5 fluorescein angiography examinations
      demonstrated no leakage of dye, especially in the macula. Twenty-four ERG
      examinations revealed no statistical differences between the test group patients
      and the control subjects. It was concluded that there is a definite need to
      carefully examine the eyes of any person who has used quinine for a long time
      since positive Amsler chart tests were found in 37% of the drug addicts.

PMID- 1200560
TI  - Herellea vaginicola and ocular infections.
AB  - This case report describes a chronic medically-refractory corneal ulcer which
      eventually yielded Herellea vaginicola from resected corneal tissue. A review of
      the literature cites the occurrence of this organism as an inhabitant of normal
      conjunctiva, as an infrequent cause of conjunctivitis, and as the causative agent
      in two previous cases of corneal ulcers. This case illustrates the difficulty in
      the isolation of the organism and indicates the need for diagnostic and
      therapeutic keratectomy in conjunction with a conjunctival flap.

PMID- 1200561
TI  - Modification of the Mustarde and Hughes methods of reconstructing the lower lid.
AB  - Reconstruction of the lower lid often is a greater task than originally
      anticipated in preoperative evaluations. The Mustarde and Hughes methods are
      commonly used for extensive lower lid reconstruction. Certain difficulties
      encountered in these methods may be minimized by variations in the basic
      techniques. Structural support for a Mustarde flap may be provided by a free
      tarsal conjunctival graft rather than a nasal septal cartilage mucosa graft. Late
      complications following the Hughes procedure include upper lid retraction and
      entropion. These may be minimized by removing Mueller's muscle from the flap at
      the time of the original dissection. The Hughes flap may be lysed in 3 to 4
      weeks. Lid margin abnormalities, which occur occasionally, are corrected with
      minor modifications.

PMID- 1200562
TI  - Surgical therapy of Mooren's ulcer: Report of two cases successfully treated.

PMID- 1200563
TI  - Some reflections on our specialty.

PMID- 1200564
TI  - Cleft larynx. A report of seven cases.
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to familiarize the otolaryngologist with a difficult
      and frequently missed anomaly. It is hoped that this will increase the number of
      successfully managed patients with this affliction. Of the seven herein reported
      cases, four were posterior clefts limited to the cricoid lamina. Three were more
      extensive laryngotracheoesophageal clefts. Seven cases are thus added to the
      approximately 30 cases reported in the world literature. The limited cricoid
      lamina defect can only be diagnosed by endoscopic examination, and is treated
      medically. Feedings must be given by gastrostomy only. A tracheotomy is indicated
      only when oral secretions are aspirated into the tracheobronchial tree. The more
      extensive laryngotracheoesophageal celft requires surgical repair through a
      lateral pharyngotomy approach. When the cleft is extensive and extends into the
      chest, surgery must include a thoracic approach. The occurrence of cleft larynx
      in association with tracheoesophageal fistulae, with or without atresia may be
      more frequent than generally realized. A search should be made for this anomaly
      in patients who aspirate after atresia repair has been accomplished, before
      attributing this symptom to severe stricture formation, or recurrence of the
      fistula. The problem of aspiration in posterior cleft larynx is due to the
      lateral and posterior displacement of the arytenoids. This malposition is due to
      the absence or deficiency of the interarytenoidius muscle so that the posticus
      muscle is unopposed. The term "posterior cleft larynx" should be used only where
      the defect is limited to the cricoid lamina, while laryngotracheoesophageal cleft
      should be applied to the more extensive defect.

PMID- 1200565
TI  - Nontraumatic, nonneoplastic subglottic stenosis.
AB  - During a 20-year period, 12 patients with nontraumatic, nonneoplastic subglottic
      stenosis were seen at the Mayo Clinic. The etiologic factors were relapsing
      polychondritis, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, and Wegener's granulomatosis. Because
      of the diverse initial presentation of the disease, the clinician should consider
      that the stenosis is a manifestation of a systemic disorder and carry out an
      otolaryngologic and physical examination with the appropriate roentgenograms and
      blood and urine tests. Treatment, if a systemic disease is proved, consists of
      appropriate medication. Surgery may be necessary, depending on the nature of the
      lesion. Small strictures may not need to be treated.

PMID- 1200566
TI  - Experimental granuloma of the larynx.
AB  - This paper describes a series of experiments that were performed in dogs,
      attempting to reproduce in the laboratory a chronic granulomatous reaction of the
      larynx. The purpose of this work was to learn about the possible pathogenesis of
      these lesions and to find the reasons behind their chronicity and recurrence. The
      practical aspects of this research were to formulate and, hopefully, to develop
      reasonable diagnostic and therapeutical approaches that could be used in the
      treatment of patients. The positive and negative results of these experiments
      indicate that the granulomatous response is probably influenced not only by
      external factors, but also by intrinsic factors. Clinically these findings led to
      the concept of not circumscribing judgment to the peripheral changes only, but to
      the assessment of all facts surrounding each individual case.

PMID- 1200567
TI  - Tracheal incision as a contributing factor to tracheal stenosis. An experimental
      study.
AB  - Tracheostomies were performed on 25 mongrel dogs, employing either a vertical or
      inverted U flap incision in the trachea. Following cannulation for 14 days, the
      animals were maintained for three months and endolarygeal photographs were taken.
      At the time of autopsy, comparisons of the gross specimens were carried out, as
      well as histological sectioning through the tracheal stomal area. Both
      endolaryngeal examination and study of the gross specimens at autopsy revealed
      less distortion of the tracheal lumen following the flap versus vertical
      tracheostomy, especially in those animals having the flap of cartilage resewn to
      the trachea at the time of decannulation. Measurements of the cross sectional
      area at the tracheal stoma were also made. In animals having a flap 
      tracheostomy, the stomal lumen was preserved, regardless of resuturing the flap.
      However, animals having a vertical tracheostomy lost an average of 18% of the
      tracheal area when compared with those having a flap incision. Histological
      examination revealed cartilaginous growth across the tracheostomy incision only
      in animals having the flap tracheostomy. Support for the flap tracheostomy is
      provided from animal experimentation.

PMID- 1200568
TI  - Characterization of tumor antigen in epidermoid carcinoma.
AB  - Tumor antigens have been isolated from nine epidermoid carcinomas of the head and
      neck. The most strongly reactive antigens have a molecular weight of congruent to
      25,000-50,000 daltons, though other antigens weighing congruent to 120,000
      400,000 daltons were noted in six of the tumors. The most strongly reactive
      antigens had a pI between 8.36 and 8.40. The cross reactivity of these antigens
      will be studied next. It is hoped that the purified tumor antigen will be useful
      in the development of an immunodetection system for epidermoid carcinoma.

PMID- 1200569
TI  - Pyriform sinus cancer: a clinical and laboratory study.
AB  - In our patient population, cancer of the hypopharynx arose 19 times as often in
      the pyriform sinus as in the postcricoid space (152:8). Most of the growths were
      far advanced when first seen (90% T3), and enlarged cervical nodes were present
      in 66% of the patients. Three year survival rates free of disease were as
      follows: primary surgical treatment (laryngectomy, radical neck dissection)
      (8/28) 29%; primary radiotherapy (2/55) 4%; and combined preoperative radiation
      (12/33) 36%. Serial section studies of 51 surgical specimens indicate that T1 and
      T2 lesions, especially those confined in the medial wall, are probably curable by
      radiotherapy. Larger lesions invade deeply into the larynx and resemble
      transglottic growth in their pattern of spread. Conservation surgery would have
      been inadequate for all but perhaps one growth in this series of 51 lesions,
      because of the high rate of invasion by cancer into and through the thyroid
      cartilage and cricoid ring (22/51). Although surface presentation of this group
      of pyriform sinus cancers rarely reflected the extent of invasion, each of the 22
      growths that invaded portions of the thyroid or cricoid cartilages was
      characterized by clinical involvement of the apex and lateral wall of the
      pyriform sinus on laryngoscopy or barium swallow.

PMID- 1200570
TI  - Radiation failures in cancer of the larynx.
AB  - Overwhelming statistics have been published regarding the success of radiation
      therapy in the management of laryngeal carcinoma. The fate of those patients
      whose cancers are not controlled by radiotherapy is often left to speculation. An
      analysis is made of 61 patients with early and advanced laryngeal cancer treated
      initially with radiation therapy and subsequently operated upon because of
      recurrent or persistent tumor. Frequently, diagnosis of recurrence is difficult
      or delayed. Preservation of voice can only be accomplished when recurrence of T1
      and T2 lesions is detected early and strict criteria are followed. Conservation
      surgery is not feasible for early lesions which progress after radiation failure.
      Advanced T2 and T4 lesions which become radiation failures also require
      laryngectomy for salvage. In cancer of the larynx, there is a definite,
      identifiable group of patients in whom surgery would be advisable as the initial
      therapy.

PMID- 1200571
TI  - Rehabilitation of the shoulder after radical neck dissection.
AB  - After classical radical neck dissection with removal of the sternocleidomastoid
      muscle and division of the spinal accessory nerve, there are certain disabling or
      disagreeable musculoskeletal defects. This paper describes the muscular
      deficiencies and gives a set of exercises which can be counted on to minimize the
      problems.

PMID- 1200572
TI  - X-ray of the month. Lymphoepithelioma of the nasopharynx.

PMID- 1200573
TI  - Letter: Large tracheal papillomas.

PMID- 1200575
TI  - Surgical experiences in Nepal.
AB  - Some examples of surgical problems presenting to the authors during a 2-year
      attachment to the British Military Hospital, Dharan, Nepal, are described.

PMID- 1200576
TI  - Darwin and cyclone Tracy. Christmas 1974.

PMID- 1200574
TI  - Some observations on blood microfilters.
AB  - Under laboratory conditions 3 types of filter designed to prevent the passage of
      microemboli into the circulation during the transfusion of stored blood were
      compared with the standard Baxter BR10 filter, designed only to hold back
      macroemboli, in respect of resistance to blood flow and damage to the cellular
      elements of the blood. In both respects the Pall Ultipor microfilter proved more
      efficient than the Swank IL200 microfilter and the Bentley Polyfilter (PF-127)
      and, except with 3-week-old blood, was comparable to the Baxter filter.

PMID- 1200577
TI  - [Non microbiol abscesses of the liver. Diagnostic, bacteriological and
      therapeutical considerations. With 7 case reports (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200578
TI  - [The value of tomoechography for the diagnosis of hydatids of the liver (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200579
TI  - [Enlarged common duct without obstruction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200580
TI  - [Jejunoduodenal bypass in the management of duodenal dyskinesia. With 24 case
      reports (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200581
TI  - [Early postoperative diffuse septic peritonitis. A retrospective study (clinical,
      laboratory, radiological signs) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200583
TI  - [Breast cancer, current problems].

PMID- 1200582
TI  - [X-ray examination seven days after esophageal anastomosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200584
TI  - [Breast cancer, a surgical dilemma].

PMID- 1200585
TI  - [Breast cancer. The surgeon facing pathology].

PMID- 1200586
TI  - [Extensive or conservative surgery in the management of breast cancer].

PMID- 1200587
TI  - [Breast cancer and general surgery].

PMID- 1200588
TI  - [Examination of surgical specimen (mastectomy and subpectoral axillary lymph
      nodes dissection). Deductions for the conduction of therapy].

PMID- 1200589
TI  - [Management before grouped microcalcifications on mammograms without a palpable
      tumor].

PMID- 1200590
TI  - [Comparative mammography and thermography studies in suspected breast nodules].

PMID- 1200591
TI  - [Comments on initial conservative radiotherapeutic management of breast
      epitheliomas].

PMID- 1200592
TI  - [Congress of the French Chapter of the International College of Surgeons,
      organized by the Reims University Surgical Clinic, June 7, 8 and 9, 1974. Breast
      cancer, current problems. Conclusion].

PMID- 1200593
TI  - [Congress of the French Chapter of the International College of Surgeons,
      organized by the Reims University Surgical Clinic, June 7, 8 and 9, 1974. Breast
      cancer, current problems].

PMID- 1200594
TI  - [Results of surgery to repair Fallot's tetralogy. With reference to 91 patients
      operated on (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200595
TI  - [Correction of Fallot's tetralogy before the age of 5 years. Indications and
      results with reference to 42 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200596
TI  - [Acute mitral regurgitation in the course of a myocardial infarction: valve
      replacement under assisted circulation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200598
TI  - [Left-right pulmonary shunts of parietal origin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200597
TI  - [Anatomical study and results of surgical treatment of 68 patients with ostium
      primum and an atrio-ventricular canal (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200599
TI  - [Surgical problems associated with annulo-ectatic disease of the ascending
      thoracic aorta. With reference to 6 cases operated on (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200600
TI  - [Treatment of cerebral gaseous embolisms occurring during open heart surgery
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200601
TI  - [The possibility of resection in cases of stenosis of the thoracic trachea, by
      the pure cervical approach. With reference to two cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200602
TI  - [The thoraco-brachial passage syndrome. Two cases detected as a result of a
      humoral embolism. A homogenous series of 53 resections of the first rib by the
      axillary approach (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200603
TI  - [Reconstitution of the pulmonary artery in the correction of Fallot's tetralogy
      after Blalock termino-terminal or Waterston complicated by thrombosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200604
TI  - [Combined coronary and valvular surgery: with reference to 11 cases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200606
TI  - [Coronaro-cardiac fistula. Specific clinical evolution. A report of one case
      successfully operated on (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200605
TI  - [Isolated tricuspid valve replacement. A report of three cases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200607
TI  - [The association interventricular septal defect-aortic insufficiency (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200608
TI  - [Traumatic pseudo-aneurysm of the right subclavian artery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200609
TI  - [Pseudo-aneurysm of the right subclavian artery after a closed traumatism of the
      thorax (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200610
TI  - [Pulmonary embolectomy and cavo-iliac thrombectomy without assisted circulations
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200611
TI  - [Pneumonectomy extended in cases of necessity in the treatment of bronchial
      cancer. A report of 66 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200612
TI  - [Studies on cases of pyothorax complicating pulmonary resection carried out from
      1966 to 1974, inclusive (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200613
TI  - [Early and late oeso-cavitary fistulas after pneumonectomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200614
TI  - [Mediastinoscopy, an aid in the diagnosis of mediastinal affections. (Results of
      a trial of 300 investigations) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200615
TI  - [Fibro-bronchoscopy during resuscitation of patients suffering from severe
      thoracic traumatisms (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200616
TI  - Rhythms and periodicity in health and disease.
AB  - Biorhythms longer than the circadian that influence reactions of people and
      characterizes some diseases have not received much medical attention. The lay
      press describes cycles of 23, 28 and 33 days said to regulate moods, intellectual
      ability and efficiency, respectively. Whether or not three overlapping cycles
      actually regulate three different vague reactions may be questioned. Of interest,
      however, are rhythms of similar tempo which control mensis, cyclic changes in
      male hormones and a number of periodic diseases. Although reports of more than
      2500 cases of periodic diseases have been published, physicians generally are
      skeptical on the subject. Incorrect diagnosis leads to unnecessary testing,
      surgical exploration and medication.

PMID- 1200617
TI  - Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry of trace metals in biological
      fluids.
AB  - Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry has five major advantages for
      measurements of trace metals in biological materials, in comparison to
      measurements by conventional flame atomic absorption analysis: (1) Trace metal
      contamination is minimized by avoidance of preliminary chemical extractions and
      additions of reagents; (2) Sample volumes are small (1 to 50 mu1). The entire
      sample is vaporized in electrothermal atomization, whereas in most flame
      nebulization systems only a small fraction of the sample enters the flame; (3)
      Atoms are released in higher concentrations. In electrothermal atomization, the
      atom cloud is released into a relatively small volume of gas. In contrast, in
      flame atomization, the atom cloud is diluted by the high flow rate of gases and
      by expansion of gases during combustion; (4) Molecular recombination of atoms is
      retarded by the atmosphere of inert gas which restricts chemical reactions (e.g.,
      oxidation). In contrast, in flame atomization, oxidation occurs very rapidly; and
      (5) By programmed increments in temperature, electrothermal atomization permits
      organic constituents to be pyrolyzed prior to vaporization and atomization of
      metals. Despite these advantages, electrothermal atomic absorption is
      particularly subject to interferences and sources of imprecision which
      necessitate critical evaluations in the prospective analyst's laboratory before
      an electrothermal method can be confidently employed for diagnostic measurements
      of a specific trace metal in body fluids.

PMID- 1200618
TI  - Somatomedin and the regulation of skeletal growth.
AB  - Somatomedin is a polypeptide(s) which "mediates" the actions of growth hormone.
      This pituitary dependent hormone was previously called "sulfation factor," a term
      derived from the bioassay technique which measures the incorporation of
      radioactive sulfate into cartilage glycosaminoglycans. Somatomedin has a more
      general effect upon cartilage; it is necessary for the cell multiplication and
      cartilage maturation which results in the growth of long bones. Somatomedin is
      not found in the plasma in growth hormone deficiency and appears following growth
      hormone administration. A genetic defect in somatomedin synthesis has been
      identified in the Laron's dwarf. Growth hormone is present in excess in the
      plasma and growth hormone administration does not stimulate somatomedin synthesis
      in this syndrome. Insufficient data are available to delineate the role for
      somatomedin in other growth disturbances. It has been demonstrated that
      glucocorticoid hormones interfere with both somatomedin synthesis and its
      biological activity. Purification of somatomedins in plasma has been achieved and
      radioreceptor or radioimmunoassays will be available in the future for study of
      growth problems in children.

PMID- 1200619
TI  - Acute bacterial arthritis.
AB  - Analysis of 29 consecutive cases of acute bacterial arthritis requiring
      hospitalization reveals the importance of local and systemic immunologic states
      or conditions which reduce the efficacy of immune responses in the establishment
      of joint infections. The complications of trauma and surgery are considered as
      interfering with the normal local immune response.

PMID- 1200620
TI  - Tumors of striated muscle.
AB  - Three benign forms of muscle tumors and three variants of rhabdomyosarcoma are
      discussed from the point of view of their histology and behabior. Recent combined
      modality therapy has significantly improved the prognosis in at least the
      embryonal form of rhabdomyosarcoma.

PMID- 1200621
TI  - [Protective effects of N-(hydroxy-2-ethyl) cinnamamide (LCB 29) on rats spinal
      cord. II. Histoautoradiographic study (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200622
TI  - Anisotropic properties of silver plus gold-impregnated collagen bundles: ADB and
      form birefringence curves.

PMID- 1200623
TI  - Metabolism of glucose by cells of the Auerbach plexus in normal rats.

PMID- 1200624
TI  - [Histochemical study of rat nerve and motor end plates after section of spinal
      nerve (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200626
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the analysis of negative chronotropic and
      dromotropic effect of hypoxia on isolated guinea pig heart].

PMID- 1200625
TI  - [About argentaffinity and argyrophilia of certain endocrine glands of the
      digestive mucosas (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200627
TI  - Microbial utilization of Pinus radiata bark.
AB  - A screening program using suspensions of ground bark in mineral salts media, or
      extracts prepared from ground bark by treating with hot water, sulfuric acid,
      ammonium hydroxide, or sodium hydroxide, yielded more  than 200 pure cultures of
      fungi, yeasts, and bacteria. Only 38 of these have good growth on liquid bark
      media. All were filamentous fungi, although many bacteria and yeasts were among
      the cultures that failed to give appreciable growth. Species of Penicillium,
      Scopulariopsis, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Cladosporium, and Fusarium were among
      the most actively growing cultures. Cell biomass yields, as measured by cell
      nitrogen determination, were too low for  economic production of single cell
      protein.

PMID- 1200628
TI  - D-Glucose isomerase: constitutive and catabolite repression-resistant mutants of
      Streptomyces phaeochromogenes.
AB  - As in other Streptomyces species, the enzymatic conversion of D-glucose to D
      fructose is carried out in Streptomyces phaeochromogenes NRRL B-3559 by the
      inducible enzyme, D-xylose keto isomerase (EC 5.3.1.5). Mutants of this
      microorganism were selected for their ability to grow on D-lyxose (2-epimer of D
      xlose). As a result of the mutational event, the microorganism constitutively
      produced D-xylose isomerase. As in the parent strain, the constitutive formation
      of the isomerase was repressed by D-glucose. The fact that this mutant was unable
      to grow in low D-xylose concentrations in the presence of the D-glucose analogue,
      3-O-methylglucose, permitted the isolation of D-xylose isomerase constitutive
      mutants which were insensitive to D-glucose repression.

PMID- 1200630
TI  - Prodiginine (prodigiosin-like) pigments from Streptoverticillium rubrireticuli,
      an organism that causes pink staining of polyvinyl chloride.
AB  - Red pigments were extracted from Streptoverticillium rubrireticuli strain 100-19,
      an organism frequently incriminated in pink staining of polyvinyl chloride. These
      pigments were identified as undecylprodiginine and butylcycloheptylprodiginine.

PMID- 1200629
TI  - Treatment of Salmonella-Arizona-infected turtle eggs with terramycin and
      chloromycetin by the temperature-differential egg dip method.
AB  - Attempts to eliminate Salmonella and Arizona infection from newly hatched turtles
      were made by dipping fresh eggs in cold solutions of Terramycin and Chloromycetin
      at 1,000, 1,200, 1,500 and 2,000 mug per ml for either 10, 20, or 30 min. Control
      groups consisted of hatchings produced from nondipped eggs or eggs dipped in
      chilled water. In two of the four experiments 5 to 10 eggs were blended on days
      15, 30, and 45 post antibiotic dip treatment.  Twenty-five to 60 hatchlings from
      each control or experimental dip groups were held in containers and the water was
      tested (excretion method) for Salmonella and Arizona every 15 or 30 days for 180
      to 210 days after hatching. Representative turtles were homogenized (blending
      method) to determine if systemic infections were present. All specimens tested
      were enriched in tetrathionate and selenite cystine broth. Nondipped eggs and
      water-dipped eggs routinely showed Salmonella and Arizona present in egg
      homogenate and hatchlings emerging from these eggs excreted these pathogens.
      Terramycin- and Chloromycetin-dipped eggs were uniformly negative for these
      pathogens, only if fresh eggs were dipped. Bacteriological assay of container
      water and whole turtle homogenate from hatchlings were negative for Salmonella
      and Arizona if eggs were dipped in 1,000 mug of Terramycin early in the egg
      laying season or if eggs were dipped in 1,500 or 2,000 mug of Terramycin per ml
      late in the egg laying season. The results of temperature-differential egg dip
      studies suggest that this is a feasible and promising method by which to
      eradicate Salmonella and Arizona from the turtle.

PMID- 1200631
TI  - Identification of a component of crystalline egg albumin bactericidal for
      thermophilic aerobic sporeformers.
AB  - During an investigation of the effect of basic and acidic proteins on the growth
      of thermophilic aerobic sporeformers, crystalline egg albumin was found to be
      strongly bactericidal. This finding was uncharacteristic of acidic proteins. The
      bactericidal fraction was heat sensitive and separated from the non-bactericidal
      albumin fraction during gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. Cells of Micrococcus
      lysodeikticus and Bacillus stearothermophilus were lysed rapidly by the
      bactericidal component, leading to its tentative identification as lysozyme. The
      bactericidal substance possessed an electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide
      gel containing sodium dodecyl sulfate identical to that of crystalline egg white
      lysozyme. Users of crystalline egg albumin are cautioned that commerical
      preparations may be contaminated with lysozyme. Destruction of the thermophilic
      aerobes by lysozyme should be considered when performing counts on egg products.

PMID- 1200632
TI  - Interaction between aflatoxicosis and a natural infection of chickens with
      Salmonella.
AB  - Broiler chicks with a natural congenital infection of Salmonella worthington
      required a lower concentration of dietary aflatoxin (0.625 mug/g) to depress
      growth than uninfected chicks (2.50 mug/g).

PMID- 1200633
TI  - Utilization of brewery spent grain liquor by Aspergillus niger.
AB  - Aspergillus niger was found capable of rapidly converting about 97% of the sugar
      from brewery spent grain liquor to fungal mass. The yield of dry mycelium, based
      on the sugar consumed, was approximately 57%. This fungus produced 1.10%
      titratable acid calculated as citric acid and reduced the biochemical oxygen
      demand by 96%.

PMID- 1200634
TI  - gamma-Cystathionase of rat liver: effects of pyridoxal phosphate and other
      compounds on reaction rates.

PMID- 1200635
TI  - The effect of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP)
      in the rat and guinea pig.

PMID- 1200636
TI  - In vitro protein synthesis at elevated temperature by an extract of an extreme
      thermophile. Effects of polyamines on the polyuridylic acid-directed reaction.

PMID- 1200637
TI  - Specific effects on enzyme activities upon ditution of petroselinum hortense cell
      cultures into water.

PMID- 1200638
TI  - Folate-dependent enzymes in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells: induction of 5
      methyltetrahydrofolate homocysteine cobalamin methyltransferase by folate and
      methionine.

PMID- 1200639
TI  - The role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone in the regulation of
      chick renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase.

PMID- 1200640
TI  - Chloroplast biogenesis. Biosynthesis and accumulation of protochlorophyll by
      isolated etioplasts and developing chloroplasts.

PMID- 1200641
TI  - Cytoplasmic synthesis of soluble and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase isozymes
      in maize.

PMID- 1200642
TI  - Studies on the subtrate specificity of the fatty acid 5-desaturase by use of
      methyl branched isomers of eicose-8,11,14-trienoic acid and the metabolism of
      these acids in rat liver.

PMID- 1200643
TI  - Metabolic interrelations of hydroxy-substituted ether-linked glycerolipids in the
      pink portion of the rabbit harderian gland.

PMID- 1200645
TI  - Ultrastructure of beaded agarose.

PMID- 1200644
TI  - Intestinal metabolism of glutamine and glutamate from the lumen as compared to
      glutamine from blood.

PMID- 1200646
TI  - Gonadotropin and subunit conformation.

PMID- 1200647
TI  - Studies on inhibitory effect of phosphoramidon and its analogs on thermolysin.

PMID- 1200648
TI  - Studies on the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase in isolated beef heart
      mitochondria.

PMID- 1200649
TI  - Today's scabies.

PMID- 1200650
TI  - Toxic epidermal necrolysis. Rapid differentiation between staphylococcal- and
      drug-induced disease.
AB  - Based on the difference in the level of epidermal split, staphylococcal-induced
      toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) can be rapidly differentiated from drug-induced
      TEN. The microscopic pathologic findings of the staphylococcal-induced disease
      shows epidermal cleavage high in the malpighian layer, while the
      nonstaphylococcal-induced disease shows a subepidermal split. Rapid
      differentiation is accomplished by histologically examining a frozen section of
      peeled skin obtained from a fresh lesion of TEN and by performing a Tzanck
      preparation on the denuded base. In order to illustrate these techniques, we
      present the cases of two adult patients with TEN; in one the disease was
      staphylococcal-induced while in the other it was drug-induced.

PMID- 1200651
TI  - Mechlorethamine in psoriasis. Further attempts to induce immunological tolerance.
AB  - Further attempts to induce immunological tolerance in 29 psoriatic patients
      treated topically with mechlorethamine hydrochloride have not been successful
      using the intravenous route. The rate of sensitization achieved (65%) is not
      substantially different from the rate for those patients who had no attempt to
      induce tolerance (55.5%).

PMID- 1200652
TI  - Percutaneous penetration following use of hair dyes.
AB  - We assess the percutaneous penetration potential of two commercially distributed
      semipermanent hair dyes. Utilizing several solvent systems in conjunction with
      thin-layer chromatography (TLC), we found that the commercial formulations
      contained at least nine component chemicals. Eight adult volunteers had their
      hair dyed with these preparations and 24-hour urine specimens were collected
      daily for five days. The urine was lyophilized and extracted with diethyl ether
      under acid and alkaline conditions. The TLC of urine from four of the eight
      subjects, taken from one to four days after dyeing the hair, disclosed a purple
      spot. This spot, though not identified, was the same with both dye preparations.
      It is likely that these hair dyes not uncommonly penetrate the skin.

PMID- 1200653
TI  - Multilating granuloma inguinale.
AB  - Granuloma inguinale is an uncommon infectious granulomatous disease of the
      inguinale area that can insidiously engulf and mutilate tissue. The reported case
      of granuloma inguinale demonstrated the painless progression of the disease to
      destroy most penile, scrotal, and inguinal tissue and also showed the subsequent
      satisfactory therapeutic result with antibiotic treatment. Light microscopy of
      plastic-embedded thin-sectioned tissue specimens allowed clear demonstration of
      the Donovan bodies and may be valuable in diagnosis.

PMID- 1200654
TI  - Cutaneous manifestations of lightning injury.
AB  - This report calls attention to a bizarre, almost pathognomonic, cutaneous feature
      of lightning injury. It has been variously described as "lightning prints,"
      "arborescent" burns, or "feathering," and has long been neglected in the
      dermatologic literature. Its recognition may be lifesaving in the unaccompanied
      comatose patient and is important because even delayed resuscitation of lightning
      victims can be very successful.

PMID- 1200655
TI  - Prurigo nodularis. Histological and electron microscopical study.
AB  - We describe a typical case of prurigo nodularis, of 15 years' duration, in a
      middle-aged woman. Histological and electron microscopical examination of the
      skin lesions revealed distinct changes in the nerve tissue. There were groups of
      thickened nerve fibers that formed nodules with numerous Schwann cells. Some of
      the nerve bundles extended to the dermoepidermal junction. Electron microscopy
      showed very obvious lesions in the Schwann cells and axons. In the Schwann cells
      there was a lucent cytoplasm with few mitochondria, an absence of endoplasmic
      reticulum and a few irregular, membrane-bound vacuoles. While the mesaxons all
      appeared normal, the axons varied greatly in diameter; the small ones appeared
      normal and contained neurofibrils and neurotubules, whereas the large onew were
      empty. Every Schwann cell encircled a large number of axons. It may be assumed
      that the axon swelling is a nonspecific reaction to injury.

PMID- 1200656
TI  - Umbilical metastasis from carcinoma of the stomach. Sister Joseph's nodule.
AB  - A patient had umbilical metastasis from a carcinoma of the stomach. The umbilical
      lesion (Sister Joseph's nodule) is a characteristic sign of metastatic tumor, and
      the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy. The cutaneous metastasis was associated
      with visceral metastases.

PMID- 1200657
TI  - Bowen disease associated with porokeratosis of Mibelli.
AB  - A 73-year-old woman developed Bowen precancerous dermatosis in an area of
      porokeratosis of Mibelli on her leg. This is the fourth reported case of Bowen
      disease arising from porokeratosis of Mibelli. The recent literature indicates
      that porokeratosis of Mibelli may be due to an abnormal clone of cells,
      predisposing affected individuals to development of malignant neoplasms over the
      involved areas.

PMID- 1200658
TI  - Anonychia with ectrodactyly.
AB  - A patient had congenital absence of thumb nails with associated absence of the
      distal phalanges of the thumbs. We reveiw the pertinent literature.

PMID- 1200659
TI  - Pemphigus involving the eyes.
AB  - Two persons with pemphigus vulgaris involving the eyes were studied. In one case,
      in vivo-fixed intercellular deposition of IgG was demonstrated in a specimen from
      the conjunctiva.

PMID- 1200660
TI  - Ionizing radiation therapy in dermatology. Current use in the United States and
      Canada.
AB  - A comprehensive survey of the Task Force on Ionizing Radiation of the National
      Program for Dermatology was answered by 2,444 dermatologists in the United States
      and Canada (53.6% of 4,560 questionnaires). Computer analysis of the data showed
      that 55.5% of dermatologic offices are equipped with superficial x-ray machines
      and/or grenz ray units and that 44.3% of dermatologists use superficial x-ray or
      grenz rays regularly. Most respondents (65.8%) favor increased practical
      instruction in radiotherapy in training programs. A majority (63.4%) want
      examinations in radiation therapy by the American Board of Dermatology continued
      or increased. Data dealing with training in radiation therapy, reasons for non
      utilization, alternate care, radiation safety, and economic considerations are
      presented in detail. Common indications for superficial x-ray therapy and grenz
      ray therapy are listed in order of frequency and percentage of use.

PMID- 1200662
TI  - Apparently normal skin in lepromatous leprosy: histopathological findings.
AB  - Biopsy specimens of apparently uninvolved skin from 34 patients with lepromatous
      leprosy were studied histologically. Bacilli were found in 30 of 31 specimens
      from clinically polar or near-polar lepromatous patients but not in the three
      from nonpolar patients. A predominantly perivascular distribution of infiltrate
      and bacilli is consistent with a hematogenous spread of infection. Subclinical,
      diffuse lepromatous leprosy is found in patients with nodular lesions and may
      precede the development of nodules. Study of apparently uninvolved skin may be
      helpful in classifying patients, in interpreting immunologic responses, and in
      elucidating the natural history of the illness.

PMID- 1200661
TI  - Treatment of mycosis fungoides with topical nitrosourea compounds: Further
      studies.
AB  - Twenty-six patients with mycosis fungoides were treated topically with three
      nitrosourea compounds: carmustine (BCNU), lomustine (CCNU), and 1-methyl-1
      nitrosourea. A high percentage experienced good to excellent results. Remissions
      following treatment of individual lesions varied from one month to at least three
      years. Remissions following total body surface treatment varied from two weeks to
      at least four months. Two of 13 patients treated over the entire body suffered
      temporary bone marrow depression, indluding one with severe pancytopenia. This
      toxic effect was attributed to lomustine and was not seen in patients treated
      with carmustine alone. Thirteen patients highly allergic to mechlorethamine
      hydrochloride showed no cross-sensitivity to nitrosourea compounds. A primary
      irritant dermatitis occurred in about one half of the patients and telangiectasia
      in two. Two patients developed hypersensitivity to nitrosourea compounds.
      Carmustine is the preferred nitrosourea compound for topical therapy of mycosis
      fungoides.

PMID- 1200663
TI  - Long-term intramuscular administration of triamcinolone acetonide. Effect on the
      hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
AB  - Five patients received intramuscular injections of triamcinolone acetonide for
      periods ranging from five months to three years. Metyrapone tartrate testing was
      used to assess the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
      during, after, and, in one case, before the drug therapy. The HPA axis function
      was found to be suppressed during the period of treatment and up to ten months
      after cessation of therapy. Lens opacities appeared in two of the five patients
      while they were receiving triamcinolone acetonide. Results of this study indicate
      that patients to whom triamcinolone acetonide has been administered should be
      given supportive doses of corticosteroids during stressful situations (eg, major
      surgery). They should also receive ophthalmologic examinations every three to six
      months while they are receiving the medication.

PMID- 1200664
TI  - Pseudomelanoma: recurrent melanocytic nevus following partial surgical removal.
AB  - Histological markers enable the correct diagnosis of a pigmented lesion that
      histologically resembles a superficial spreading malignant melanoma and yet
      behaves in a wholly benign way. This pseudomelanoma occurs in young adults within
      a few weeks following partial surgical-shave excision of an intradermal
      melanocytic nevus.

PMID- 1200665
TI  - Incontinentia pigmenti and defective neutrophil chemotaxis.
AB  - A child with incontinentia pigmenti and chronic erythema multiforme had recurrent
      bacterial infections. Greatly elevated serum IgE was found. In addition, the
      patient's neutrophils showed essentially no chemotaxis toward Staphylococcus
      aureus, Escherichia coli, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in either patient or control
      serum. Neutrophil phagocytosis and killing function were normal.

PMID- 1200666
TI  - Incontinentia pigmenti in a 21-year-old man.
AB  - We report a case of incontinentia pigmenti in a 21-year-old man. The rarity of
      this disease in men is emphaxized. Lesions in the reported patient have faded but
      are still easily discernible. Six other cases are reviewed.

PMID- 1200667
TI  - Contact urticaria from cephalosporins.
AB  - A rare instance of contact-type urticaria resulting from an acquired
      sensitization to cephalosporin compounds in a chemist is reported. Patch tests
      elicited an immediate urticarial rather than a delayed contact-type response.
      Similar control tests to other antibiotics gave negative results. Although the
      patient's primary complaint was urticaria, prolonged or excessive contact with
      the cephalosporins caused coryza and dyspnea. Following transfer to another
      laboratory where the patient worked with other chemicals, there was no recurrence
      of symptoms.

PMID- 1200668
TI  - Contact urticaria from cobalt chloride.
AB  - Cobalt chloride should be added to the ever growing list of contact urticants.
      This chemical is frequently used as a color indicator in provocative sweat
      testing. In this case, contact urticaria was probably nonimmunologic in origin.
      Since diphenhydramine and 48-80 (polymonine block this reaction to cobalt
      chloride, vasoactive amines are at least partially responsible for the urticaria.

PMID- 1200669
TI  - Letter: Ioderma caused by amiodarone.

PMID- 1200670
TI  - Letter: Arteriovenous malformation resembling Kaposi sarcoma.

PMID- 1200671
TI  - Letter: Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with electron microscopical studies.

PMID- 1200672
TI  - Letter: Eruptive nevi.

PMID- 1200673
TI  - Letter: Herpes zoster in early pregnancy.

PMID- 1200674
TI  - Bacteriuria, reflux, and renal scarring.

PMID- 1200675
TI  - Urinary phenolic acid and alcohol excretion in the newborn.
AB  - Mean urinary excretion values of some phenolic acids and alcohols have been
      measured by gas chromatography in 44 neonates (36 males, 6 females) during the
      first 2 days and days 3-7 of life, and the effect of prematurity and jaundice
      assessed. 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid (VMA) output rises immediately after
      birth in term but not in preterm infants. A similar increase in homovanillic acid
      (HVA) output was restricted to nonjaundiced term babies; in nonjaundiced preterm
      babies there was a steady rise during the first week. The ratio of HVA to VMA
      output was higher in these infants than in adults, suggesting a more rapid
      turnover of dopamine than adrenaline and noradrenaline. Unlike adult values, both
      HVA and VMA excretion values were directly related to urine volume, an
      observation perhaps related to renal immaturity. An unexplained reduction in HVA
      output in jaundiced as opposed to nonjaundiced infants was observed in the first
      2 days of life. The ratio of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol to VMA was about the
      same as in the adult. p-Hydroxyphenyl-lactic acid (p-HPLA), because of its
      superior stability, was measured in preference to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid as
      an index of tyrosyluria. An output of 1 mg p-HPLA/24 h is proposed as the upper
      limit of normal. Prematurity was associated with a significant rise in p-HPLA
      output. A dramatic increase in excretion of this acid was noted in jaundiced,
      compared with nonjaundiced infants, presumably a manifestation of general enzyme
      immaturity.

PMID- 1200676
TI  - Clinical application of regional lung function studies in infants and small
      children using 13N.
AB  - A technique is described for the investigation of regional lung function in
      infants and children using 13N and a gamma camera. Boluses of isotopic gas are
      inhaled and perfused while the lung fields are scanned. The child is lightly
      sedated and breathes normally throughout. Regional function is assessed in terms
      of the distribution of gas and blood, and the balance between ventilation and
      perfusion is estimated by comparing an index of the ventilation per unit volume
      of ventilated lung with that of perfused lung. The use of the method in 8 infants
      and children with different clinical problems is described to show its
      application. The method is capable of defining the severity and localization of
      any abnormality and may also be useful in showing normal function in suspect
      areas.

PMID- 1200677
TI  - Peripheral gangrene in hypernatraemic dehydration of infancy.
AB  - Gangrene of the extremities complicating diarrhoea and severe hypernatraemic
      dehydration occurred in 6 infants. This is a rare complication of
      gastroenteritis, and its association with hypernatraemia does not seem to have
      previously been emphasized. The increased blood viscosity resulting from serum
      hyperosmolarity may have been responsible for the gangrene, and studies in our
      patients suggested that disseminated intravascular coagulation was present. In
      addition to fluid and electrolyte replacement, the infants were treated with
      heparin with some recovery of the affected extremities.

PMID- 1200679
TI  - Changes in plasma nephelometry after oral fat loading in children with normal and
      abnormal small intestinal morphology.
AB  - A standardized oral fat load has been given to 66 children having duodenal or
      jejunal biopsy, and to 10 children presumed normal. The rise in plasma light
      scattering intensity (LSI) measured by nephelometry between the fasting and 2
      hour postload level (0-2 hour) showed good correlation with the small intestinal
      morphology in patients suspected of having coeliac disease. In those who had had
      recurrent diarrhoea and gastroenteritis, the fat load test did not predict small
      intestinal morphology. Serial studies in 5 treated patients with malabsorption
      showed increase in the 0-to 2-hour LSI, with corresponding improvement of small
      intestinal morphology and clinical state.

PMID- 1200678
TI  - Do the right children have necropsies?. Analysis of selected determinants.
AB  - An analysis of the frequency of post-mortem examinations was conducted in the
      paediatric age group. Among the factors found to influence necropsy rates were
      (i) age at death, the frequency of necropsy decreasing with age; (ii) cause of
      death, necropsy frequency varying with major diagnostic groups; (iii)
      investigation conducted before death, necropsy frequency decreasing when the
      clinical picture was ill-defined; and (iv) place of death, necropsy being less
      frequent when death occurred outside hospital. These findings imply (a) that
      necropsy practices may be governed by habit and convenience as well as by desire
      to complete the clinical picture, and (b) that more equitable balances in such
      practices should be sought if there is to be improvement in the quality of
      mortality data.

PMID- 1200680
TI  - Asymptomatic type II hyperprolinaemia associated with hyperglycinaemia in three
      sibs.
AB  - Three clinically normal sibs were discovered to have type II hyperprolinaemia in
      a routine serum amino acid screening programme in Sicily. In addition to the
      basic biochemical features of type II hyperprolinaemia, all 3 children had marked
      hyperglycinaemia, whereas their parents had both normal blood proline and glycine
      concentrations. Clinical normality in individuals with hyperprolinaemia may
      suggest that these two metabolic disorders (types I and II) are benign entities.
      Furthermore, the absence of clinical abnormality in these sibs, despite the
      presence of marked hyperprolinaemia and hyperglycinaemia, may suggest that
      neither of these findings alone causes brain damage. The hyperglycinaemia in
      these sibs is unexplained and is an unusual if not unique finding in association
      with hyperprolinaemia.

PMID- 1200681
TI  - Herediatary anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Studies in a Nigerian famil.
AB  - Studies in a Nigerian family with hereditary anhidrous ectodermal dysplasia are
      reported. Microscopical examinations of finger tips for sweat pores were
      diagnostic in phenotypes, and it is suggested that this simple nonsurgical
      procedure is a preferred alternative to skin biopsies in the diagnosis of the
      syndrome. The clinical implications of a tropical environment for the syndrome,
      as well as the factors that may favour maintenance of the gene in such an
      environment are discussed.

PMID- 1200683
TI  - Proceedings: Continuing experience of placental villitis of unknown aetiology:
      harbinger of serious disease?

PMID- 1200682
TI  - District paediatric day care.

PMID- 1200684
TI  - Proceedings: Intrauterine Candida albicans infection.

PMID- 1200685
TI  - Proceedings: Pseudoachondrogenesis and thanatophoric dwarfism.

PMID- 1200687
TI  - Proceedings: Limitation of growth potential of kidney by injury in early life.

PMID- 1200686
TI  - Proceedings: Fatty change in brains of perinatal and unexpected deaths.

PMID- 1200688
TI  - Proceedings: Postperinatal deaths and unexpected deaths in infancy: prospective
      study.

PMID- 1200689
TI  - Proceedings: Primary causes of neonatal mortality: prospective study of 100
      cases.

PMID- 1200690
TI  - Proceedings: Double inlet right ventricle.

PMID- 1200691
TI  - Proceedings: Significance of 3-methoxytyrosine and its metabolites in urine of
      patients with sympathetic nervous system tumours.

PMID- 1200692
TI  - Proceedings: Sarcomatous chest wall tumour with good prognosis.

PMID- 1200694
TI  - Proceedings: Pathogenetic implications of the lesion complex of hyaline membrane
      disease.

PMID- 1200693
TI  - Proceedings: Necropsy findings in a case of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

PMID- 1200695
TI  - Proceedings: Wilson-Mikity syndrome.

PMID- 1200696
TI  - Proceedings: Mural bronchitis in childhood.

PMID- 1200697
TI  - Letter: Association of diabetes and coeliac disease.

PMID- 1200698
TI  - Letter: Fatal pneumococcal septicaemia in an 8-year-old child after splenectomy
      for trauma.

PMID- 1200699
TI  - Letter: Calorie requirements for successful breast feeding.

PMID- 1200700
TI  - Perifollicular fibromatosis cutis with polyps of the colon--a cutaneo-intestinal
      syndrome sui generis.
AB  - In the present study, a peculiar fibromatosis cutis in two siblings has been
      reported the dermatosis being characterized by innumerable perifollicular
      fibromas on face, neck and trunk as well as multiple fibromata pendulantia. Since
      the father allegedly had skin lesions resembling those of his two affected
      children, an inherited condition is assumed for the disease manifesting itself
      rather late in age. In the female patient, several adenomatous colon polyps one
      being transformed into carcinoma were found. Since the association of distinct
      epithelial and mesenchymal tumours of the skin and the cranial bones with
      multiple colon polyps is typical for Gardner's syndrome, we have discussed in
      detail the possiblity of an unknown variant of it. On the other hand, most
      features of Gardner's syndrome (cutaneous and subcutaneous epidermoid cysts,
      desmoid tumours, generalized osteomas, a marked multitude of colon polyps, early
      manifestation of skin and bone changes) were absent in both cases whereas, to our
      knowledge, in Gardner's syndrome perifollicular fibromas have never been seen.
      Since perifollicular fibromas are organoid tumours of the mesenchymal hair sheath
      being clearly defined both clinically and histologically, they must not be
      confused with the equally well characterized cutaneous tumours of Gardner's
      syndrome. We are prone to assume that the (irregular?) ASSOCAITION OF MULTIPLE
      PERIFOLLICULAR FIBROMAS AND COLON POLYPS Represents a distinct nosological entity
      neither identical with Gardner's syndrome nor with any other known dermo
      intestinal syndrome. Thus, perifollicular fibromatosis should alert the
      dermatologist to consider periodic thorough examination for intestinal polyps the
      more as they may change into malignant growth.

PMID- 1200702
TI  - Histophysiology of mast cells in skin and other organs.
AB  - Our observations demonstrate an intimate relationship between peripheral nerve
      fibers and mast cells. In addition, mast cells in various organs influence both
      the small blood vessels and the organ parenchyma cells. These relations are
      interpreted in the sence of a neuro-hormonale feedback-system.

PMID- 1200701
TI  - Lymphocyte stimulation in the cellular inflammatory reaction of some human skin
      tumours.
AB  - By labelling dermal infiltrate cells with H3-thymidine, two types of skin tumours
      can be distinguished: one type with many labelled cells in the infiltrate (H3
      thymidine labelling index, H3-I), the other with few labelled cells. Type I
      includes malignant melanoma (H3-I = 2.2%) and hemangioendothelioma (2.8%). Type
      II includes metastases of malignant melanoma (1%), squamous cell carcinoma
      (1.1%), basel cell epithelioma (0.5%), nevus cell nevus (0.6%), and nevoid
      lentigo (0.4). The number of labelled cells in the cellular reaction of Type II
      tumours does not differ significantly from that in normal human corium (0.75%),
      though there may be a dense cellular reaction. DNA-synthesizing cells were
      classified with the aid of characteristical stainings and histochemical methods.
      A vast majority of them were found to be lymphocytes. Our research underlines the
      special importance of cellular inflammatory reaction, i.e. cellular immunity, im
      malignant melanoma and probably in hemangioendothelioma.

PMID- 1200703
TI  - Contact radiotherapy of cutaneous hemangiomas: therapeutic effects and radiation
      sequelae in 818 patients.
AB  - The paper presents statistical data on the therapeutic effects and radiation
      sequelae following Chaoul contact therapy of 818 cutaneous hemangiomas treated
      between 1938 and 1952. 73.3% of all irradiated hemangiomas showed initial
      improvement but complete involution with an excellent cosmetic result was
      observed in only 50% of lesions 5 years after treatment. During the same period
      of time, more than one-third of all patients developed mild to moderate cutaneous
      radiation sequelae (hyper- or hypopigmentation and telangiectases, rarely
      atrophy). The high incidence of late radiation effects is probably relation to
      the high total doses administered in this series of patients, the very short
      intervals between treatments and the age of the patients. Other radiation
      radiation hazards are also discussed. Since large studies have proven
      conclusively that spontaneous involution occurs in 95% of hemangiomas after
      several years, indications for radiotherapy of hemangiomas are extremely limited.

PMID- 1200704
TI  - Human skin proteases: separation and characterization of two alkaline proteases,
      one splitting trypsin and the other chymotrypsin substrates.
AB  - Two alkaline proteases, one splitting preferentially the substrates of
      chymotrypsin (ATEE) and the other one those of trypsin (BAEE), were separated and
      partially purified by chromatographic means from human skin extract made in a
      buffer containing 1.07 mol/1 KC1. The proteins soluble in dilute buffer were
      removed by a prior extraction. The enzymes could be separated effectively only in
      the presence of KC1 at a high conc-ntration since large molecular size aggregates
      or polymers were formed in solutions of low ionic strength. In the presence of 2
      mol/1 KC1 the molecular size of the BAEE-hydrolysing enzyme was 120000 and that
      of the ATEE-hydrolysing enzyme 30000. The ATEE-hydrolysing enzyme was purified by
      Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose chromatography about 250 fold.
      It also hydrolysed esters of tryptophane and phenylalanine as well as casein with
      optimum pH 7.8--8.2. The enzyme was inhibited effectively by LBTI, SBTI and
      partially by trasylol, TPCK and TLCK, but not by E-600 and SH-modifers. The
      hydrolysis of ATEE was doubled in the presence of 1 mol/lKCl, NaCl, KBr or NaBr
      but that of casein was inhibited to some extent. Human serum and alpha-1
      antitrypsin inhibited this enzyme but not C1-inactivator. alpha-2-Macroglobulin
      did not protect if from inhibition by SBTI. The BAEE-hydrolysing enzyme was
      purified by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and hydroxylapatite chromatography
      about 30 fold. It also split other esters of substituted basic amino acids as
      well as BAPA and histone proteins with optimum pH 7.5--8.2. It was inhibited by
      Trasylol and TLCK, but not by LBTI, SBTI, OMTI, TPCK, E-600, SH-modifiers, human
      serum, C1-inactivator or alpha-1-antitrypsin. Neither of these enzymes is exactly
      similar to any one of the enzymes so far separated from human tissues or fluids.

PMID- 1200705
TI  - Investigative studies of the dermatitis caused by the larva of the brown-tail
      moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea Linn.) I. Clinical and experimental findings.
AB  - A description is given of both naturally occurring and experimentaly produced
      brown-tail moth caterpillar dermatitis. Epicutaneous test reactions were studied
      in a group of 45 persons, utilizing different setae preparations obtained from
      Euproctis chrysorrhoea L. About 70% of the individuals developed marked reactions
      upon contact with untreated nettling hairs. The early skin lesions were as a rule
      erythematous and wheal-like in character (urticarial), gradually becoming more
      infiltrated and developing into erythematous papules or vesicles. Treatment of
      the nettling hairs either by heating or saline extraction resulted in a partial
      loss only of their skin irritating properties; heat treatment being slightly more
      effective in this respect. Intracutaneous tests with a sline extract of nettling
      hairs elicited positive skin reactions in all individuals tested. Biochemical
      analysis of the crude extract revealed the presence of a potent esterolytic
      enzyme. Apart from their skin irritating action, the nettling hairs were found
      capable to induce the formation of spherocytes when mixed in vitro with human
      erythrocytes. The relevance of this phenomenon is discussed. On the basis of our
      findings and those of other it is suggested that the action of the nettling hairs
      upon the human skin is dependent both on a toxic and mechanical traumatic
      principle.

PMID- 1200706
TI  - Isolation of single cell nuclei from human epidermis for cytophotometric DNA-
      measurements.
AB  - Diluted acetic acid was applied to dissociate human epidermis into its
      constituents. A simple procedure to gain isolated single cells for cytophometric
      determination of their nuclear DNA content is described. The method is suited for
      single cell cytophotometric measurements and for cytofluorimetric flow systems
      likewise. The losses of Feulgen--stainable nuclear DNA during preparation were
      studied in dependence on the incubation time of the cells in acetic acid. The
      kinetics of extraction of nuclear DNA by diluted acetic acid follow a reaction of
      the first order. It was possible therefore to formulate a simple mathematical
      correaction for the losses during the isolation of epidermal cells. Avoiding the
      disadvantage of cut nuclei in histological sections the method is used to study
      the DNA histograms of resting, regenerating and pathologically altered human
      epidermis.

PMID- 1200707
TI  - Serum IgE-concentrations in patients with contact sensitization.
AB  - In 123 patients with contact sensitization (cs), of whom 23 had positive
      histories of atopy and/or positive prick tests (csa), the serum IgE
      concentrations were determined and the following results were obtained: 1. A
      remarkable dispersal of IgE-concentrations was noted in cs--patients (1-3080
      U/ml); 12% of them displayed IgE-concentrations of more than 1000 U/ml, even
      though they had no histories of clinical manifestations of atopy, liver of kidney
      diseases, or parasitic infestations. Their mean IgE-value of 396 U/ml +/- 60
      differed considerably from the one of a comparable control group of healthy
      individuals. No statistically significant differences were noted between the IgE
      levels, the age of our patients, the type and number of contact allergens, and
      the duration of skin lesions. 2. On an average, there were higher IgE-levels
      noted in cases of acute and extensive skin lesions than in cases of subacute to
      chronic, localised skin lesions. Controls of the serum IgE-concentrations and
      histologic examinations by means of immunofluorescence suggested that, depending
      on the individual patient, skin lesions might lead to an (unspecific?)activation
      of IgE-synthesising round cells. 3. In csa-patients with sensitization to metal,
      the skin lesions were of localised subacute to chronic character, while skin
      lesions of acute and extensive character were exceptional (5.9%).

PMID- 1200710
TI  - [Manometric study of esophageal involvement in progressive systemic sclerosis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In 15 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis esophageal function was
      examined radiologically and by manometry. Only one third of the patients had
      experienced dysphagia, while radiologically esophageal motility was abnormal in 8
      patients (55%) and by manometry even in 11 patients (73%). Therefore the absence
      of symptoms does not exclude extensive involvement of the esophagus. Furthermore
      the manometric results indicate that involvement of the esophagus in the
      edematous-indurative stage of scleroderma should be suspected more frequently
      than assumed generally on the base of radiological studies alone.

PMID- 1200709
TI  - The effect of electrical epilation on the bear hair of women with idopathic
      hirsutism.
AB  - The influence of epilation by means of diathermy and galvanic current on the hair
      roots in the beard region of 11 women with idiopathic hirsutism has been
      investigated. The hair-roots could be destructed by both methods. Various
      differences were found between the two methods: 1. After 10 weeks, the hair
      density in the field treated by diathermy was lower than that in the
      corresponding field treated with galvanic current. However, the time required for
      total destruction of all hair roots was found to be the same for both methods. 2.
      The diameter of the hairs growing again after diathermy was found to be less than
      that after galvanic current, while the proportion of dysplastic/dystrophic hairs
      was significantly greater.

PMID- 1200708
TI  - The skin in magnesium-deficient rats.
AB  - The cutaneous vasodilatation occuring in the early stages of dietary deficiency
      of magnesium has been investigated in rats. While the time of onset of erythema
      varies in proportion to the weight of the animal, the duration is not related to
      weight. In severe states of vasodilatation, the skin is thickened and infiltrated
      with mononuclear cells, apparently derived from the blood. Intact sympathetic and
      sensory innervation are not necessary for the development of vasodilatation in
      the skin. Neither can the genesis of the erythema be attributed to degranulation
      of mast cells. From consideration of this and other investigations, it is
      concluded that the cutaneous abnormalities of magnesium-deficient rats cannot be
      due directly to hypomagnesaemia.

PMID- 1200711
TI  - Comparative study on the 3H-thymidine index of dorsal epidermis, buccal mucosa,
      and seminal vesicles in senile male rats.
AB  - To supplement previous investigations on endogenous fluctuations of DNA synthesis
      in male rat dorsal epidermis, buccal mucosa and seminal vesicle epithelium from
      birth to sexual maturity, the labelling indices (L.I.) of these tissues in senile
      male rats from the same breed, studied under analogous experimental conditions,
      were evaluated as well as compared to the data obtained from rats in puberal and
      early mature age. In the dorsal epidermis and buccal mucosa of the old animals
      the medium L.I. were found to be at about the same level as those measured after
      puberty. In the aged seminal vesicle epithelium the medium L.I. was found to be
      decreased. The maintenance of epidermal and buccal DNA synthesis in senile rats
      as well as the results of previous studies with male rats subjected to castration
      or long-term administration of cyproteron acetate furnish evidence that a
      deficiency of testosteron does not diminish the rate of DNA synthesis in
      epidermis and buccal mucosa. However, from the decreased L.I. in seminal vesicle
      epithelium a reduced blood level or stimulating capacity, respectively, of
      testosteron in senile rats can be concluded. Furthermore, withdrawal of
      testosteron by orchidectomy or administration of cyproteron acetate is
      appropriate to suppress significantly the proliferative activity of seminal
      vesicles epithelium.

PMID- 1200712
TI  - Statistical association between psoriasis and diabetes: further results.
AB  - In a group of 200 psoriatic patients from the area of Umbria, Italy, diabetes
      mellitus occurred in a statistically highly significant association with
      psoriasis. Similar observations were made earlier in a series of 600 patients.
      The above correlation also occurred significantly more frequently in patients
      under 50 years and in male patients. Previous and present experience also
      demonstrate that psoriasis is statistically correlated with heredity for diabetes
      and obesity. The possible biological basis of psoriasis/diabetes association are
      tentatively outlined.

PMID- 1200713
TI  - Peripilar keratin casts: a study with the scanning electron microscope.
AB  - Two cases of Peripilar keratin casts are presented and the results of a Scanning
      EM investigation are discussed. The surface of the casts is very irregular and
      disordered. In the underlying structure of the casts the characteristic image of
      a "sponge" is observed. The cuticle of the hair beneath is slightly flaky,
      showing fissures. The hair surface facing the peripilar casts is normal.

PMID- 1200714
TI  - Degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid by guinea pig epidermal extracts.
AB  - The capability of guinea pig epidermal extracts to hydrolyze deoxyribonucleic
      acid has been studied. The results of investigation by gel filtration on Sephadex
      G-75 column and by viscometry on the mode of hydrolysis of deoxyribonucleic acid
      by epidermal extracts revealed that deoxyribonucleic acid was degraded by both
      endonuclease and exonuclease activities. The exhaustive digestion by epidermal
      extracts yielded the complete degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid to
      mononucleosides or further metabolites. The enzyme systems involved in the
      deoxyribonucleic acid degradation include at least an endonuclease, an
      exonuclease and a phosphatase.

PMID- 1200716
TI  - Predisposing factors of the skin surface in persons with impetigo contagiosa.
AB  - The following report describes the results of biochemical and physiological
      examinations in 32 persons, who had suffered from impetigo contagiosa in the last
      2 years, as well as 21 control persons of the same age and sex. The examination
      of the skin surface of the patient group, when compared with the corresponding
      control group, showed the following significant results: 1. an increase in the
      percentage of free cholesterol in skin surface lipids possibly as a result of an
      increased cell turnover in the epidermis, 2. a decrease in reducing substances as
      revealed by the ferricyanide and the phenolsulfuric acid methods in the so called
      water solubles, 3. a decrease in the alkali resistance of the skin possibly as a
      result of a decreased barrier function of the stratum corneum. It is most likely
      that these results indicate predisposing factors, localized in the epidermis, for
      impetigo contagiosa.

PMID- 1200717
TI  - Particulates in domestic premises. II. Ambient levels and indoor-outdoor
      relationships.
AB  - Three indoor environments, two residential and on institutional, were monitored
      for particulate and gaseous air pollutants over a one-year period. Inside air
      particulate levels decreased at night and under conditions of no household
      activity. Different homes showed different time lags in correlating inside vs
      outside particle counts. Indoor particle count reduction correlated to rate of
      air flow through the precipitator. The standard, portable household vacuum
      cleaner produced about a 100% increase in counts of particles measuring 1.0 mum
      and larger, as compared to a 50% increase produced by the central vacuum system.
      Particulates that were smaller than 1.0 mum were not substantially affected by
      smoking. The indoor gaseous pollutants showed very low maximum levels.

PMID- 1200715
TI  - D-penicillamine in dermatology: influence on enzymatic activities of human skin
      in vitro.
AB  - By in vitro assay, 6 important enzymatic activities of human skin homogenates
      were determined following an incubation with D-penicillamine in concentrations
      between 10(-4) and 10 mg/ml, i.e. 67 X 10(-5) and 67 mM/l. The following
      enzymatic activities were recorded: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
      (GAPDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), acid phosphatase (AcP), and "leucine
      aminopeptidase" (LAP). A dose-dependent activation by D-penicillamine occurred in
      the case of G-6-PDH- and AcP-activities, a dose-dependent inhibition by D
      penicillamine was found with AP- and GAPDH-activities. LDH- and LAP-activities
      remained unchanged in the presence of D-penicillamine in concentrations up to 10
      mg/ml (67 mM/l). From the data of pharmacokinetic studies in rats it may be
      concluded that concentrations of D-penicillamine which influence enzymatic
      activities may easily be reached in vivo, under the conditions of treating
      rheumatoid arthritis and Morbus Wilson. The biochemical actions of D
      penicillamine are briefly discussed with secial regard to dermatological therapy
      and dermatological unwanted side-effects.

PMID- 1200718
TI  - Pneumoconiosis among the activated-carbon workers.
AB  - The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and chest radiographic and spirometric
      abnormalities was assessed among 397 employees of an activated carbon plant.
      Definite radiographic findings of pneumoconiosis, consisting of p-type, rounded
      opacities in the lower lung fields without firbosis or coalescence, were present
      in 9.6% of men and were related to cumulative dust exposure. Lesser degrees of
      radiographic abnormality suggesting pneumoconiosis were present in 11% of men and
      2% of women. Spirometric values were substantially lower in blacks than in
      whites. However, cumulative dust exposure was not an important determinant of
      pulmonary function in either race. Review of lung biopsy speciments that had been
      obtained previously in two employees revealed extensive carbon depositiion but
      minimal associated fibrosis. Prolonged inhalation of activated carbon dust leads
      to pulmonary deposition of carbon and raciographic signs of pneumoconiosis; such
      deposition has little, if any, effect on respiratory symptoms or pulmonary
      function.

PMID- 1200719
TI  - Erythrocyte protoporphyrin test for occupational lead exposure.
AB  - Determination of erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels was performed in workers who
      are occupationally exposed to lead. The level of erythrocyte protoporphyrin was
      easily measured with microsamples of blood by utilizing a fluorescent assay. The
      log of erythrocyte protoporphyrin level was closely correlated to blood lead
      level (r = .72) in lead-exposed workers. The erythrocyte protoporphyrin test is
      especially useful in the detection of mild increases in blood lead concentration
      under conditions of occupational exposure.

PMID- 1200720
TI  - Edwardsiella tarda infections in Florida racoons, Procyon lotor.
AB  - Edwardsiella tarda was isolated from the large intestine of seven (17%) of 42
      racoons from Florida. The rate varied from 12% in South Florida to 25% in North
      Florida. In addition, 52% of the racoons examined were carrying Salmonella, with
      numerous serotypes represented.

PMID- 1200721
TI  - Aortic intimal injury in rabbits. An evaluation of a threshold limit.
AB  - Sixty-one rabbits were exposed to carbon monoxide, and aortae were then examined
      by light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The CO
      concentration in ambient air and the exposure time were varied to estimate the
      threshold limit for CO-induced focal intimal edema. A significantly higher
      incidence (P less than .0001) of focal intimal changes was present in rabbits
      exposed to 180 ppm of CO for four hours or more than in rabbits given a shorter
      or weaker exposure. The present study, as well as recent reports on the effect of
      low-level CO exposure on the cardiovascular system, suggests that the CO content
      in tobacco smoke and in heavily polluted atmospheric air may be deleterious to
      the arterial wall and enhance atherogenesis. A reevaluation of the recommended
      threshold limit for industrial CO exposure is proposed.

PMID- 1200723
TI  - Left ventricular performance after acute myocardial infarction. Sectrum of
      functional abnormalities and importance of wall motion disturbances during
      convalescent phase.
AB  - Seventeen patients underwent catheterization of the right and left sides of the
      heart and left ventricular (LV) angiography three to six weeks after acute
      myocardial infarction. Fourteen of 17 patients had abnormal LV function. Three
      patients had altered LV diastolic properties; five patients had abnormalities of
      diastolic properties and of systolic function; and six patients had abnormal
      systolic function, but diastolic function could not be assessed. Thirteen of the
      14 patients with abnormal LV function had LV wall motion abnormalities, which
      were quantitatively related to impaired LV systolic function.

PMID- 1200722
TI  - Human pesticide poisonings by a fat-soluble organophosphate insecticide.
AB  - In five cases of dichlofenthion poisoning due to suicidal ingestions, unusual
      toxicologic features were encountered. Initial symptoms were mild or delayed and
      severe cholinergic crises did not appear until 40 to 48 hours after ingestion.
      Two patients died, and in the three survivors, cholinesterase symptoms persisted
      for five to 48 days. An almost total inhibiton of both cholinesterase enzymes
      continued in one patient for 66 days, and prolonged antidotal therapy was
      required. Residues of the intact  pesticide were detected in fat after 54 days in
      one patient, and in the blood for 75 days in another patient. The partition
      coefficient of dichlofenthion in fat was 20 times greater than parathion, and
      exceeded only by leptophos. Considering the chemical and toxicologic properties
      of this compound, we postulated that the mechanism of protracted intoxication is
      a slow release from adipose reservoirs.

PMID- 1200724
TI  - Staphylococcal endocarditis in drug users. Clinical and microbiologic aspects.
AB  - Forty patients had staphylococcal endocarditis and a history of parenteral drug
      abuse. Clinical and microbiologic features of their cases were evaluated. None of
      our patients were known to have had preexisting valvular disease. The tricuspid
      valve lesions and their pulmonary complications were the predominant findings.
      Systemic complications in the form of meningitis, glomerulonephritis, empyema,
      arthritis, and nosocomial Gram-negative septicemia occurred in 33% of our
      patients. Of interest was the high incidence of reactions to therapy especially
      with methicillin sodium, which occurred in 30% of patients. Correlation of phage
      type and group with the antibiotic sensitivities of individual staphylococci
      showed that group 3 and phage types 6, 42E, 54, and 75 were much more resistant
      to penicillin than other groups and types. The clinical outcome did not relate to
      phage type and group or to antibiotic sensitivity of the organism.

PMID- 1200725
TI  - A study of 57 cases of actinomycosis over a 36-year period. A diagnostic
      'failure' with good prognosis after treatment.
AB  - Actinomycosis continues to elude the clinician. In only four of 57 patients seen
      at the University of Iowa Hospitals (and in none of 12 since 1958) the disease
      was correctly diagnosed on admission. The disease is more common in men, but has
      no seasonal or occupational predilection. A normal inhabitant of the mouth,
      Actinomyces israelii acts as an opportunistic infection, usually in association
      with bacterial invasion. It tends to follow a break in normal mucosal barriers.
      Fistula and palpable mass are the physical hallmarks, with pain and fever the
      most frequent symptoms. Definitive identification requires anaerobic culture.
      Chances for cure are excellent with lengthy antibiotic administration.

PMID- 1200726
TI  - Treatment of massive obesity with rice/reduction diet program. An analysis of 106
      patients with at least a 45-kg weight loss.
AB  - One hundred six massively obese patients, who each lost at least 45 kg, were
      treated as outpatients with the rice/reduction diet, exercise, and motivational
      enhancement under daily supervision. Average weight loss was 63.9 kg. Forty-three
      patients achieved normal weight. Men lost weight at a greater rate than women.
      Concomitant with weight reduction, there were significant decrements in blood
      pressure; fasting and two-hour postprandial blood glucose, serum triglyceride,
      and serum uric acid levels, and heart-chest ratio as evidenced on chest x-ray
      film. Electrocardiographic and retinal venous changes improved. Serum cholesterol
      level did not change significantly. This study demonstrates that massively obese
      persons can achieve marked weight reduction, even normalization of weight,
      without hospitalization, surgery, or pharmacologic intervention. Accompanying
      cardiovascular risk factors show great decrements concomitant with weight loss.

PMID- 1200727
TI  - Transient red blood cell aplasia in association with viral hepatitis. Occurrence
      four years apart in siblings.
AB  - Transient pure red blood cell aplasia was verified during the course of viral
      hepatitis in two siblings whose illnesses occurred four years apart. The duration
      and course of the anemia was very similar in the two subjects, and in both the
      hepatitis progressed to a chronic active form. Autoimmune phenomena were
      prominent in one patient and suggested in the other, but a cytotoxic antibody to
      erythroblasts could not be demonstrated in the one patient in whom it was sought.
      The unique occurrence of such a syndrome in siblings, widely separated in time,
      suggests the possibility of a genetic predisposition governing the unusual
      response to a common illness.

PMID- 1200728
TI  - Toxicity secondary to intravenously administered chloroform in humans.

PMID- 1200729
TI  - Transient obstructive uropathy complicating percutaneous renal biopsy.

PMID- 1200731
TI  - The foreign medical graduate as a medical resource.

PMID- 1200730
TI  - Renal failure after small intestinal bypass for obesity.

PMID- 1200733
TI  - Letter: Anti-hepatitis Bs antigen in medical personnel.

PMID- 1200732
TI  - Clinical conference: lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1200734
TI  - [Pediatric somatometry. Semilongituginal study of children in Mexico City].

PMID- 1200736
TI  - The uptake and assimilation of sulphate by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans.
AB  - Sulphate was rapidly bound by cell suspensions of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The
      binding was depressed by tetrathionate but was unaffected by Group VI anions,
      cysteine or methionine. Increasing uptake of sulphate was observed in cell
      suspensions incubated in the presence of ferrous iron. The bulk of 35S-sulphate
      was removed from the organisms by washing with dilute sulphuric acid and the
      remaining label was incorporated into cold trichloroacetic acid-soluble
      compounds. 35S-labelled adenosine 5'-sulphatophosphate was produced from ATP and
      35S-sulphate by cell suspensions and in cell-free extracts. There was no evidence
      for the production of adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-sulphatophosphate assayed by a
      very sensitive bioluminescence method.

PMID- 1200735
TI  - Regulation of the pyruvate kinase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16 in vitro and in
      vivo.
AB  - The biosynthesis of the enzyme pyruvate kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.40) of Alcaligenes
      eutrophus (Hydrogenomonas eutropha) H 16 was influenced by the carbon and energy
      source. After growth on gluconate the specific enzyme activity was high while
      acetate grown cells exhibited lower activities (340 and 55 mumoles/min-g protein,
      respectively). The pyruvate kinase from autotrophically grown cells was purified
      110-fold. The enzyme was characterized by homotropic cooperative interactions
      with the substrate phosphoenolpyruvate, the activators AMP, ribose 5-phosphate,
      glucose-6-phosphate and the inhibitor ortho-phosphate. In addition to phosphate
      ATP caused inhibition but in this case nonsigmoidal kinetics was obtained. The
      half maximal substrate saturation constant S0.5 for phosphoenolpyruvate in the
      absence of any effectors was 0.12 mM, in the presence of 1 mM ribose-5-phosphate
      0.07 mM, and with 9 mM phosphate 0.67 mM. The corresponding Hill values were
      0.96, 1.1 and 2.75. The ADP saturation curve was hyperbolic even in the presence
      of the effectors, the Km value was 0.14 mM ADP. When the known intracellular
      metabolite concentrations in A. eutrophus H 16 were compared with the regulatory
      sensitivity of the enzyme, it appeared that under the conditions in vivo the
      inhibition by ATP was more important than the regulation by the allosteric
      effectors.

PMID- 1200737
TI  - [Effect of blue and red light on the synthesis of ribosomal RNA in Chlorella].
AB  - In autotrophic cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (strain 211-8b) incorporation of
      tritiated guanosine and uridine into ribosomal RNA is stimulated by light. Blue
      light of wavelengths around 457 nm is considerably more effective than red light
      around 679 nm (5-10(-10) Einstein cm-2 sec-1 for both). This effect can be
      demonstrated for young daughter cells (at the end of the dark period) and for
      older cells (at the end of the light period). It is shown to depend on a
      regulation of rRNA-synthesis. The blue light dependent enhancement of
      incorporation is more pronounced in the cytoplasmic rRNA (25 and 18 s) than in
      the chloroplast rRNA (23 and 16 s). Blue light of low intensity (1-10(-10)
      Einstein cm-2 sec-1) has nearly the same effectivity as the fivefold intensity,
      whereas red light of equal quantum fluxes enhances incorporation only slightly
      compared with the dark control. The blue light dependent enhancement of rRNA
      synthesis continues in the following darkness in contrary to that caused by red
      light. This enhancement is also found in DCMU-poisened cultures. In contrast to
      this, is red light in presence of DCMU, incorporation into rRNA is nearly the
      same as in dark. It is concluded that the regulation of rRNA-synthesis in red
      light is closely connected to complete photosynthesis, while in blue light an
      additional regulation takes place independent of photosynthesis.

PMID- 1200738
TI  - Cryptomonad biliprotein: phycocyanin-645 from a Chroomonas species.
AB  - The properties of phycocyanin-645 from the fresh water cryptomonad Chroomonas
      spec. were investigated after the pigment was isolated and purified by a
      combination of differential ammonium sulphate fractionation, gel filtration
      chromatography and ammonium sulphate gradient elution. Phycocyanin-645 is
      characterized by absorption maxima at 645 nm, 584 nm, 369 nm, 275 nm and
      shoulders at 340 nm and 620 nm. The CD spectrum has a negative maximum at 645 nm
      and a positive maximum at 584 nm with a shoulder at 610 nm. The fluorescence
      emission spectrum is asymmetrical and shows a maximum at 660 nm and a shoulder at
      approximately 715 nm. The molecular weight of the native phycocyanin-645,
      estimated by gel filtration, is 45000 for all multiple pigment forms below.
      Phycocyanin-645 is heterogeneous as revealed by isoelectric focusing with pIs at
      7.03, 6.17, 5.75, 5.25 and 4.88, respectively, the main bands lying at pI 7.03
      and pI 6.17. This was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; five
      pigment compoents differing in mobility were found. We propose the term "multiple
      pigment forms" for these five phycocyanin-645 modifications. Calibrated SDS gel
      electrophoresis shows phycocyanin-645 to consist of three subunits, two light
      chains (alpha1, alpha2), having molecular weights of 9200 and 10400,
      respectively, and one heavy chain (beta), having a molecular weight of 15 500.
      Suggesting a 1:1:2 ratio between the subunits, the quaternary structure of the
      pigment molecule is alpha1beta--alpha2beta1.

PMID- 1200739
TI  - Halococcus morrhuae: a sulfated heteropolysaccharide as the structural component
      of the bacterial cell wall.
AB  - The qualitative and quantitative composition of purifed cell wall of Halococcus
      morrhuae CCM 859 was determined. Glucose, mannose, galactose; glucuronic and
      galacturonic acids; glucosamine, galactosamine, gulosaminuronic acid; acetate,
      glycine and sulfate are found as major constituents. The amino sugars are N
      acetylated. It was not possible to fractionate the cell wall in chemically
      different polymers. Evidence is presented that the major cell wall polymer of
      this strain is a complex heterolgycan which seems, like the peptidoglycan of most
      bacteria, to be responsible for the rigidity and stability of the cell wall. In
      addition it could be proved that this heteroglycan is sulfated and therefore
      differs considerably from previously described bacterial cell wall polymers.

PMID- 1200740
TI  - Oxidation of formaldehyde by alcohol oxidase of Candida boidinii.
AB  - A fromaldehyde oxidase activity was found in cellfree extracts of methanol-grown
      yeast Candida boidinii. Loss of alcohol oxidase activity in a mutant, 48, led to
      loss of the formaldehyde oxidase activity, indicating that the same enzyme is
      probably responsible for both activities. This could be demonstrated with the
      purified alcohol oxidase which oxidizes, besides lower primary alcohols,
      formaldehyde to formate. The Km value for formaldehyde is 5.7 mM. It seems that
      alcohol oxidase is not implicated in formaldehyde oxidation in vivo.

PMID- 1200741
TI  - [Quantitative morphology studies on the development of body mass and various
      muscle groups in intensively reared rabbits].
AB  - Development of body mass and the mass of thigh, back and loins musculature was
      examined at 4, 8, 10 and 12 weeks in 51 California hybrids and 49 New Zealand
      White hybrids. Body mass development was practically identical in these rabbits.
      Peak growth rate of the characteristics studied occurred at 2-3 months of age in
      the California hybrids, but at a variable time in the New Zealand White. Age was
      less important than body mass in the development of criteria of productivity.

PMID- 1200743
TI  - [Course of Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (Zeder, 1800) Looss, 1905, infestation
      in the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)].
AB  - Fifty Havanna, Small Chinchilla and crossbred rabbits were each infected at 3 to
      4 months of age with a single dose of 5-20 thousand third-stage larvae of the
      trichostrongyle. After infection with 10 thousand larvae, third-stage larvae were
      present on the 1st and 2nd days, fourth-stage on the 4th-6th days, fifth-stage on
      the 7th and 8th days and sexually mature trichostrongyles on the 8th-10th days.
      Only a small proportion of third-stage and fourth-stage larvae failed to develop
      into sexually mature neamtodes. Prepatent period of infection was 9-10 days;
      patency lasted from a few weeks to 2-3 months. Single infection with 5000-7000
      invasive larvae produced no clinical signs. A dose of 10 thousand larvae produced
      diarrhoea even during the prepatent period, and this was accompanied by expulsion
      of a considerable part of the parasite population. Infection with 20 thousand
      larvae produced a loss of weight in the experimental rabbits.

PMID- 1200742
TI  - [Course of the parasite phase of development of Trichostrongylus axei (Cobbold,
      1879) Railliet et Henry, 1909, in the domestic rabbit].
AB  - Rabbits of the New Zealand White and Small Chinchilla breeds were each infected
      at 3-4 months of age with 4-10 thousand invasive trichostrongyle larvae.
      Prepatent period of the infection was 22-32 days. Third-stage larvae were present
      up to the 6th day of infection, fourth-stage from the 8th day, fifth-stage from
      the 14th day and sexually mature trichostrongyles on the 18th day. The period of
      patency of the infection lasted for over a year, but only small numbers of eggs
      were passed in faeces, and food intake was not affected. Between 14 and 44% of
      the third-stage larvae developed into sexually mature nematodes, regardless of
      infection dose or duration of infection.

PMID- 1200744
TI  - [Vaccination of sows with the "Dessau" Salmonella-cholerae-suis adsorbate
      vaccine].
AB  - Experiments on the immunization of sows were conducted on six premises. The
      results justify immunization of breeding animals as part of a control programme
      for salmonellosis in pigs.

PMID- 1200745
TI  - [Occurrence of chlormequat (CCC) in wheat straw and its excretion in milk
      following feeding of straw pellets containing chlormequat].
AB  - When the herbicide chlormequat (chlorocholine chloride or CCC) was correctly used
      at 2 kg per hectare at the five-leaf stage of growth, the residues in wheat straw
      did not exceed 3 ppm. Such residual amounts remained unchanged after storage and
      pelleting. However, the feeding of contaminated straw pellets to cows did not
      result in contaimination of the milk detectable by a method which was capable of
      determining concentrations down to 0.05 ppm.

PMID- 1200746
TI  - [Lactic acid content of blood plasma in domestic swine of various breeds during
      physical exertion].
AB  - Lactic acid was determined by an enzymic method in plasma samples taken from 20
      pigs of the German Edelschwein, German Landrace, German Saddleback and
      Edelschwein/Landrace crosses before, during and after being made to run on a band
      moving at 1.3 metres/second for ten minutes, at 10 degrees C and relative
      humidity of 65-75%. A special method was used to assess the degree of exertion.
      The lactic acid curve showed that Edelschwein and German Saddlebacks had a low
      regulatory capacity while German Landrace and the crossbred pigs had a large
      capacity. For assessing differences attributable to individuals or to breeds, the
      occurrence of the maximum lactic acid concentration during or after exercise was
      of special significance.

PMID- 1200747
TI  - [ Glucose concentration in blood during exertion. 5. Use of the total
      distribution of blood glucose values during physical exercise or the estimation
      of response to exertion in various breeds of swine].
AB  - Blood glucose was determined by an enzymic method in 56 pigs of the German
      Edelschwein, German Landrace, German Saddleback breeds and Edelschwein/Landrace
      crosses before, during and after exercise on a belt moving at 1.3 metres/second
      for ten minutes, at 10 degrees C (winter) or 22-34 degrees C (summer) and
      relative humidity of 65-75%. Total plasma glucose was calculated from the plasma
      volume. Total scatter of values for blood glucose concentration and total plasma
      glucose was greater in Edelschwein and Saddlebacks than in Landrace and the
      crossbred pigs. There was a close and significant relationship between individual
      regulatory capacity and breed. The total scatter of blood glucose values was
      greater in winter than in summer.

PMID- 1200748
TI  - [Effect of the type of management and training on heart rate, rectal temperature
      and respiration rate of domestic swine during physical exertion].
AB  - 29 pigs (meat type of German Landrace) were kept in groups in a confined space
      (0.48 m2 a head; group E), in a normal area (1.2 m2 a head; group N) or in a
      normal area plus daily exercise (group L). After having been kept under these
      conditions for specified periods, the pigs were made to run on a band moving at
      1.1 metres a second for 2 km. During exercise the heart rate increased to 275
      beats a minute in group E and only 180 in group L. In group L the recovery pulse
      rate was greater and the absolute and relative heart weight smaller than in group
      L; rectal temperature after exercise was also higher than in group L. Values for
      group N lay between those of groups E and L. The relationship of respiration rate
      to rectal temperature after exercise was greater in group L than in groups E and
      N. Physical fitness of groups E and N was inferior to that of group L.

PMID- 1200749
TI  - [Mineral content of various tissues in cattle. 4. Studies on dry matter, Ca, Mg,
      Na and K concentration in mucous membrane and muscle layer of various bovine
      gastrointestinal sections].
AB  - Samples of the following parts of the gastrointestinal tract were collected from
      20 slaughter cattle: - oesophagus, reticulum, omasum, rumen, abomasum, duodenum,
      jejunum, ileum, colon (beginning and end). There were considerable differences in
      mineral content, related to the differing functions of each part. Forestomach
      mucosa contained high concentrations of Ca and Mg, attributable to accumulation
      and separation of mineral salts. In the three segments of small intestine there
      was generally more Mg than Ca, with high concentrations of Na and K. The
      tabulated results are intended to provide a basis for comparison with
      pathological states.

PMID- 1200750
TI  - [Alkaline phosphatase activity in blood serum, bile and urine of cattle and
      calves].
AB  - Mean values and the range of values for alkaline phosphatase activity in serum
      (expressed in units) were: - calves 909 (413-1445), bulls 325 (179-543) and
      cattle 131 (72 to 162). Differences between these groups were statistically
      significant. Values for bile were: - calves 416 (116-882), cattle 546 (145-1203),
      bulls 738 (108-1438) enzyme units; here there were no significant differences.
      Activity of the enzyme in urine was very low, mean values being 0.77 in calves,
      0.39 in cattle and 1.69 in bulls; the differences between groups were
      statistically significant.

PMID- 1200752
TI  - [Experimental studies on allergenic effect of Mycobacterium intracellulare in
      cattle].
AB  - Mycobacterium intracellulare, isolated from sawdust used as litter, was
      inoculated into 25 bullocks. Six developed a doubtful reaction to mammalian
      tuberculin and the remainder stayed negative. With avian tuberculin, 8 became
      positive, 10 doubtful and 7 remained negative. Using the interpretation key
      described by Goetze, Lauterbach and Nassal, the reactions were shown to be para
      allergic. At slaughter there was no evidence of tuberculous lesions.

PMID- 1200751
TI  - [Influence of the cecum, in geese fed diets containing urea, on N-metabolism and
      digestibility of nutrients and on urea concentration in excrements and blood].
AB  - Balance experiments were performed on six normal young geese and on six geese
      with a ligated caecum. The ration consisted of 43.25% barley, 30% sugar beet
      slices, 20% cellulose, 1.4% maize germ oil, 3% mineral mixture, 1% concentrate of
      vitamins and growth factors, 1.25% urea and 0.1% lysine. Daily nitrogen balance
      was similar in the two groups (average 1051 mg in the controls and 1090 mg in the
      experimental birds). Crude protein digestibility was 82.4 +/- 1.1% in the
      controls and 84.9 +/- 1% in the experimental birds (a significant difference).
      The bacterial flora of the caecum seemed to have no effect on crude fibre
      breakdown. Digestibility was quite low, averaging 5.7% in controls and 4.6% in
      experimental birds. The proportion of urea discharged in excreta was 50% in
      controls and 55.7% in experimental birds. Blood urea veraged 21.7 mg/100 g in
      controls and 22.8 mg in experimental birds (insignificant difference).

PMID- 1200753
TI  - [Hyperthermia in the rabbit. I. Studies on influencing circulation with exogenic
      hyperthermia].
AB  - Increasing the environmental temperature to 35 degrees C produced hyperthermia in
      11 female rabbits, 80-90 days old. At the onset of hyperthermia the heart rate
      increased, but there was no further change after about two hours (range 1-3
      hours); it remained constant at an increased rate until the end of the
      experiment. Blood pressure fell at first, but it had increased again after 90
      minutes, and underwent no further change during the experiment. The mechanism of
      these circulatory changes were discussed in relation to the neutral control of
      body temperature regulation.

PMID- 1200754
TI  - [Evaluation of the ability to regulate blood volume under standardized motoric
      stress].
AB  - Sixteen German Landrace pigs of the meat type were kept in individual cages (0.47
      m2 floor area each) or in two pens of four pigs providing 1.05 m2 per animal,
      under otherwise identical conditions for 45 days, commending at a body weight of
      45 kg. Plasma volume and plasma glucose were determined before, during and after
      the pigs made to run on a band moving at 1 m/s for 20 minutes at 24 degrees C.
      Changes in plasma volume were studied from the total scatter of values (total
      area covered by the curve of values). This made it possible to quantify
      individual regulatory capacity and the influence of management. Close confinement
      in an individual cage reduced the regulatory capacity of the plasma volume by 3.5
      to 4 times. There were significant qualitative and quantitative relationships
      between intravascular fluid volume and intravascular glucose or glucose
      concentration.

PMID- 1200755
TI  - [Metabolism and hematology studies of intensively raised fattened lambs under
      various feeding and management conditions. 1. The effect of various feeding
      methods on the blood picture, serum mineral and bilirubin concentration, and
      vitamin A concentration in the liver].
AB  - Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and bilirubin content, blood picture and liver
      vitamin A were determined in six groups of lambs fattened on different rations,
      in comparison with a control group. The results are presented in graphs and
      tables. There was no clear difference between the various groups, in the criteria
      examined.

PMID- 1200756
TI  - [Metabolism and hematology studies of intensively raised fattened lambs under
      various feeding and management conditions. 2. The effect of various management
      methods on the blood picture, serum mineral and bilirubin concentration and
      vitamin A concentration in the liver].
AB  - Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and bilirubin content, blood picture and liver
      vitamin A were studied in four groups of intensively fattened lambs kept under
      different conditions of management, in comparison with a control group. Results
      are shown in graphs and tables, Group-specific differences were found in some of
      the parameters examined: - Ca, P, erythrocytes, leucocytes, vitamin A.

PMID- 1200758
TI  - Erythrocyte soluble catechol-O-methyl transferase activity in primary affective
      disorder. A clinical and genetic study.
AB  - Erythrocyte catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) activity was studied in 53
      patients with primary affective disorders and 38 controls and in selected
      relatives. Patients with affective disorders tended to have higher activity
      levels than normals, after correcting for sex differences. The COMT activity was
      positively correlated between relatives and is heritable. Within families,
      elevation of COMT activity distingushed healthy relatives from probands and ill
      relatives. This suggests that COMT activity elevation and affective illness do
      not show independent assortment and implies that COMT activity identifies genetic
      vulnerability to affective order.

PMID- 1200757
TI  - [Metabolism and hematology studies of intensively raised fattened lambs under
      various feeding and management conditions. 3. The effect of weaning age under
      various management conditions on the blood picture, serum mineral and bilirubin
      concentration and vitamin A concentration in the liver].
AB  - Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and bilirubin, blood picture and liver vitamin A
      were studied in six groups of lambs weaned at various ages and fattened under
      four types of management, in comparison with a control group. Results are shown
      in graphs and tables, with a comparison with conventionally fattened lambs. Age
      at weaning had no demonstrable effect on the parameters investigated.

PMID- 1200760
TI  - Bias against genetic hypotheses in adoption studies.
AB  - Genetic factors are implicated in the cause of psychopathological disorders
      whenever the incidence of disorder is greater among the adopted-away offspring of
      affected parents than among those of control (unaffected) parents. The lack of
      information about most parents who give their children up for adoption could
      result in the inclusion of a substantial number of high-risk parents in the
      control groups. This could bias an adoption study against a genetic hypothesis.
      The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory scores of two groups of pregnant
      unwed mothers were compared to those of two other groups: married pregnant women
      and 18-year-old women. Comparisons disclosed that the unwed mothers had
      significant elevations on five to the nine clinical scales. Elevations on
      psychopathic deviancy and schizophrenia were particularly substantial. These
      results indicate a requirement to select control group parents who are
      representative of the general population.

PMID- 1200759
TI  - Biogenic amines and depression. Biochemical and pharmacological separation of two
      types of depression.
AB  - Recent research findings indicate that depressive disorders may be divided into
      two groups, A and B, using specific biochemical and pharmacological criteria. It
      is suggested that in the A group there is a disorder of norepinephrine systems
      are not altered. Further, there is the possibility that B types patients have
      disorder of serotonin, but not norepinephrine or dopamine systems. This
      biochemical heterogeneity of human depression has implications for both
      investigators and clinicians, and may account for disparate findings in
      biological studies of patients with affective disorders.

PMID- 1200761
TI  - Grandsons of alcoholics. A test of sex-linked transmission of alcohol abuse.
AB  - To test the hypothesis of a sex-linked factor influencing the occurrence of
      alcoholism and alcohol abuse, alcoholism or abuse rates were compared for 136
      sons of the sons vs 134 sons of the daughters of 75 alcoholics. No substantial
      difference between the groups of grandsons was found in frequency of officially
      registered alcoholism or alcohol abuse, or both, which suggests no sex-linked
      factor is involved. The total sample was also used to calculate the risk of such
      registration for the grandson; the rate of registration by the grandsons' fifth
      decade of life was 43%, approximately three times that of the general male
      population, and even higher than the equivalent rate in brothers of alcoholics.
      This result is incompatible with an assumption of a recessive gene being involved
      in the occurrence of alcoholism, though it fits with the assumption of a dominant
      gene.

PMID- 1200762
TI  - Alcoholism as a mental health problem of Native Americans. A review of the
      literature.
AB  - Alcoholism among North American Indians and Eskimos is generally considered a
      major public health and community mental health problem, and increasingly so. 
      All too often alcoholism and alcoholic (and the simple avoidance of these terms)
      are used indiscriminantly, obscuring important avenues for serious consideration.
      A major consideration is the extent to which the heavy drinking so common among
      indian men corresponds to "alcoholism" in the dominant culture. Considerations of
      culture stress (deculturative and acculturative) and cultural intoxication
      permitting factors are essential in any dynamic formulation of Native Americans'
      problem drinking. A crucial individual motive is that drunkenness can provide
      short-cut gratification by providing fantasy solutions to culture-bound problems.

PMID- 1200763
TI  - Alcohol's effect on some formal aspects of verbal social communication.
AB  - The effects of alcohol on formal aspects of social communication were studied by
      scoring transcripts of verbal discussions between dyads in alcohol and placebo
      sessions. At a low dose (3.83 to 1.0 ml/kg), alcohol significantly (P Less than
      .01) increased the amount of and overlap in communications, and tended to
      decrease subjects' acknowledgement of their partners' statements. At a high dose
      (1.5 ml/kg), the rate of overlap in speech was additionally increased, but there
      was a leveling off or reversal of the drug's effect on amount of communication.
      The subjects' blood alcohol levels were not related to the drug's effect.

PMID- 1200764
TI  - Sex of siblings of male alcoholics.
AB  - Research conducted with general population samples has demonstrated the
      importance of sex of siblings in the formation of sex-role identification and in
      the development of sex-role conflict. Information on early family structure was
      collected from 207 white male alcoholic inpatients. Among those reared in intact
      families with at least two older siblings, 65 had a second-older brother. This
      difference cannot be explained by variation in family size, differential sex
      ratios in birth rates, or greater availability of women in the sibships of the
      alcoholics. It is consistent with a model that postulates that alcoholism in men
      may express dependency conflict associated with sex-role identify problems.

PMID- 1200765
TI  - Dreaming sleep attacks and desynchronized sleep enhancement. Report of a case of
      brain stem signs.
AB  - When central neurologic signs were localized to the vestibular region of the
      brain stem and cerebellum, a 54-year-old man experienced frequent awakenings from
      nocturnal sleep and daytime sleep attacks with hallucinosis. Sleep attacks were
      characterized by lid fluttering and closure, upward turning of the eyes, rapid
      eye movements, myoclonic twitching of all extremities, and loss of consciousness,
      lasting one or two minutes and aborted by strong sensory stimulation. At their
      termination, reports of hallucinoid imagery were given. In a sleep record of 6.5
      hours, there were 2.2 hours awake (34%), 4.3 hours desynchronized sleep (66%),
      and a complete absence of synchronized sleep. Reports of hallucinoid imagery were
      given after awakenings from desynchronized sleep. The findings support the
      hypotheses that desynchronized sleep is normally under brain stem control and
      that some types of narcolepsy may be pathophysiologically related to
      desynchronized sleep.

PMID- 1200766
TI  - Stuttering, dichotic listening, and cerebral dominance.
AB  - Fully right-sided stutterers (35) and fully right-sided nonstutterers (35) had a
      dichotic listening task to test hypotheses that stutterers have incomplete
      cerebral lateralization or reversed lateralization of speech function, or both.
      An assumption of the procedure is that a right-ear preference indicates left
      cerebral dominance for speech. Six stutterers and no nonstutterers showed a
      reversal, ie, a left-ear preference. As a group, the remaining stutterers who
      showed no such reversal were the same as nonstutterers in the magnitiude of the
      right-ear preference. This suggests that a subset of stutterers may have an
      anomaly in the lateralization of speech functions. A nonsignificant tendency
      emerged for stutterers to show smaller between-ear differences on the test,
      consistent with the hypothesis that stutterers have less or incomplete
      lateralization of speech function than nonstutterers.

PMID- 1200767
TI  - Intrusive and repetitive thoughts after experimental stress. A summary.
AB  - Clinical research indicates a tendency to compulsive repetitions of traumatic
      experiences. Such phenomena have not been studied experimentally and so the
      generality of the tendency has been uncertain. With development of operational
      definitions and content analysis techniques, it was possible to quantity and
      examine intrusive and stimulus-repetitive thought in a series of experiments with
      controlled variations in subject selection, stimuli, demand set, and context.
      Comparison of data across experiments indicates a tendency toward intrusive and
      stimulus-repetitive thought that is not restricted to "traumas" or a few
      predisposed individuals. Intrusive and repetitive thought appears to be a general
      stress-response tendency seen in a large proportion of persons after even mild to
      moderately stressful events. It is concluded that the intrusive repetitions
      observed clinically are extreme forms of this general stress-response tendency.

PMID- 1200768
TI  - Some myths about "mental illness".
AB  - Radical psychiatrists and others assert that mental illness is a myth. The
      opening and closing portions of the article deal with the impact such an argument
      has had in law and psychiatry. The body of the article discusses the five
      following versions of the myth argument prevalent in radical psychiatry: (1) that
      there is no such thing as mental illness; (2) that those called "mentally ill"
      are really as rational as everyone else, only with different aims, that the only
      reasons anyone ever thought differently was (3) because of unsophisticated
      category mistakes or (4) because of an adherence to the epistemology of a sick
      society; and (5) that the phrase "mental illness" is used to mask value judgments
      about others' behavior in pseudoscientific respectability. Reasons are given for
      rejecting each of these versions of the argument that mental illness is a myth.

PMID- 1200769
TI  - The position of psychiatry in the understanding of human disease.
AB  - The article discusses psychiatry and the concept of disease. This is approached
      by first reviewing generic attributes of the concept and how it has come to be
      used in contemporary medicine. Psychiatry's time-honored concern with alterations
      in social behavior is analyzed in the light of the generic attributes of disease.
      A holistic and adaptational perspective toward disease is discussed, and in
      particular, how psychiatry stands in relation to such a perspective. Alternative
      paradigms for ordering behavioral changes that can be implicated in disease are
      suggested. In adopting such a perspective, and rigorously exploring how disease
      and behavior interrelate, psychiatry becomes one of the disciplines that examines
      fundamental questions about man and social adaptation.

PMID- 1200771
TI  - Value-related effects on psychiatric judgment.
AB  - This study was done to clarify the role of political bias in forming psychiatric
      impressions. One hundred two psychiatrists randomly selected from the national
      register rendered six clinical decisions on the basis of a prepared case history
      in which the patient's sex and race were systematically varied, and also
      completed a moral traditionalism scale. The findings highlight the problem of
      covert psychiatrist bias, but fail to substantiate the contention that such bias
      inevitably disfavors the relatively disenfranchised.

PMID- 1200770
TI  - Differences between behavior therapists and psychotherapists.
AB  - Patient-therapist interaction patterns of three experienced behavior therapists
      and three matched analytically oriented therapists were compared. Each therapist
      saw ten patients in short-term individual therapy. The more active behavior
      therapists dominated the conversation in terms of speech time, more frequently
      offered explicit advice and instructions, gave more direct information, presented
      their own value judgments, and exerted greater control over the content of the
      interaction than did psychotherapists. Although both groups provided a warm and
      accepting atmosphere, behavior therapists showed higher levels of accurate
      empathy, interpersonal contact, and therapist self-congruence. Patients viewed
      behavior therapists as more authoritarian and believed that psychotherapists
      encourage greater independence. It was concluded that the two therapy approaches
      to patients were consistent with theoretical models of each.

PMID- 1200772
TI  - Good patients and bad. Therapeutic assets and liabilities.
AB  - This is an extension of an earlier article that identified three utilization
      styles at an urban mental health center where, apart from a minority of intensive
      users, casual users, and pseudousers predominate and, combined, characterize the
      therapeutically passive user. The present article compares center data to added
      data from the private sector, where the intensive user predominates.
      Center/private differences are examined, and correlates of differing utilization
      styles are identified, such as sex, diagnosis, marital/living arrangements,
      referral source, and social engagement factor. The later is associated with
      differences not attributable to diagnostic severity of social impairment. The
      growing division of labor, wherein the privates sector is engaged in intensive
      psychiatric treatment while the center increasingly operates an
      emergency/crisis/maintenance service, is shown to reflect a gross public/private
      maldistribution of therapeutic assets and liabilities.

PMID- 1200773
TI  - Marijuana consumption and tolerance to physiological and subjective effects.
AB  - The relation between marijuana consumption and the development of tolerance was
      investigated during a 31-day study. Volunteers with a history of moderate or
      heavy marijuana use were given access to one-gram (2.1% delta9
      tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) marijuana cigarettes during a 21-day smoking period.
      Both groups tended to increase consumption during this time. Heavy users averaged
      5.7 cigarettes per day and indicated a progressive decline in ratings of
      intoxication and duration of pulse rate effect. Moderate users averaged 3.2
      cigarettes per day but showed no changes in either of these reactions during this
      time. Results suggested that tolerance does not develop to the two most reliable
      indexes of marijuana intoxication unless heavy doses of delta9 THC are self
      administered repeatedly. Also, the tendency to increase consumption during this
      time is not necessarily associated with the development of tolerance.

PMID- 1200774
TI  - Memory functions six to nine months after electroconvulsive therapy.
AB  - Memory functions after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were assessed in 38 former
      patients who had received bilateral treatment, right unilateral treatment, or
      hospitalization without ECT six to nine months previously. Results of six
      different tests of delayed retention and remote memory provided no evidence for
      persisting memory impairment. Nevertheless, persons who had received bilateral
      ECT rated their memory as impaired significantly (P less than .05) more often
      than did persons in the other follow-up groups. Although considerable effort was
      made to maximize the sensitivity of the memory tests, it is possible that, long
      after ECT, some impairment of memory remained that was not detected by these
      tests. Alternatively, it is hypothesized that the impairment of recent and remote
      memory initially associated with bilateral ECT could cause some persons to become
      more alert to subsequent memory failures and then to underestimate their memory
      abilities.

PMID- 1200775
TI  - Memory complaint and impairment in the aged. The effect of depression and altered
      brain function.
AB  - To clarify the role of memory impairment in the aged as a normal or
      psychopathological phenomenon, 153 persons 50-years-old and over with varying
      degrees of depression and altered brain function were compared for their
      complaints about memory and actual performance on a series of memory tests. It
      was found that while performance varied with altered brain function, complaint
      was related to level of depression, regardless of performance. Exaggerated memory
      complaint was considered one manifestation of a general pattern of discrpant
      reporting of symptoms by depressed persons, and apparently related to an
      underlying personality factor. The complaint of superiority of remote over recent
      memory was not substantiated empirically, but was considered part of the pattern
      of stereotyped language and attitudes characteristic of depressed persons.

PMID- 1200776
TI  - Erotomania or de Clerambault syndrome.
AB  - De Clerambault focused attention on a syndrome in which a woman has the
      delusional belief that a man, usually of higher social status and considerably
      older, is much in love with her. If the patient's romantic ideas shaped private
      fantasies instead of determined public behavior, there would be little cause for
      concern. The situation becomes critical when the fantasies are dramatized in real
      life with an unsuspecting and usually unwilling man cast in the role of the
      lover. The woman dwells on the feelings she ascribes to her "suitor." Such
      delusional thinking, resulting from an ego defect and producting bizarre actions,
      may be shaped largely by feelings of being unloved or even unloveable; a
      narcissistic blow is overcome by a grandiose fantasy. Cases in which erotomania
      is prominent are usually diagnosed as paranoid state or paranoid schizophrenia.

PMID- 1200777
TI  - The interictal behavior syndrome of temporal lobe epilepsy.
AB  - A distinct syndrome of interictal behavior changes occurs in many patients with
      temporal lobe epilepsy. These changes include alterations in sexual behavior,
      religiosity, and a tendency toward extensive, and in some cases compulsive,
      writing and drawing. The concomitants of abnormal limbic acitivity therefore
      include behavior alterations as well as manifest seizures. The demonstration of
      interictal spike activity in temporal structures provides a pathophysiologic
      basis for this syndrome. The constellation of behavioral changes may be of great
      diagnostic value. In addition, it provides an example of a human behavioral
      syndrome assocaited with dysfunction at specific anatomic loci. The behavior
      syndrome of temporal lobe epilepsy may prove to be a useful model in studies on
      the neural substrates for behavior.

PMID- 1200778
TI  - Male transsexualism. Confirmation of a hypothesis?
AB  - Persistent confusion and the grouping together of similar disorders of differing
      origins confuse the question of genetic influences of male transsexualism. A 27
      year-old adopted biological male transsexual was seen for psychiatric referral.
      At the time of the initial interview, events of her early development were
      unknown to her, and were elucidated by her adoptive mother. Her history seems to
      sever the genetic link between parent and child, while maintaining the
      psychoenvironmental continuity seen in patients who have been diagnosed as having
      transsexualism.

PMID- 1200779
TI  - Studies of virus-specific antigenicity of tumour cells transformed by bovine
      adenovirus type 3.
AB  - The present paper deals with the study of immunologic relationship between
      tumours induced by bovine adenovirus type 3 and the organism of the tumour
      bearing hamster. The experiments showed that primarily induced tumours were not
      virus-specifically antigenic as a result of non-expression of weak TSTA
      presumably due to the presence of more potent antigens of cellular origin. It was
      only after repeated passages of tumour cells in vivo or in vitro, as a result of
      tumour progression, that the loss of potent antigens of cellular origin occurs
      which contributes to expression of weak virus-specific antigens. The findings
      obtained can explain unsuccessful attempts at detecting virus-specific antigens
      in spontaneous tumours. Antigenicity of spontaneous tumour and its immunologic
      relationship with the organism are probably associated with antigens of cellular
      origin occurring on cell membrane as a result of malignization rather than with
      antigens induced by an etiological agent. Consequently, the more profound
      development of immunological methods for diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis of
      oncogenic processes irrespective of their etiology seems to be expedient.

PMID- 1200780
TI  - An infallible method for producing ascitic fluid from solid tumours.
AB  - Notwithstanding all precautions, the methods usually applied for the
      transformation of solid tumours into the ascitic form, frequently fail. This must
      certainly be ascribed to the still existing, considerably high intercellular
      adhesion forces despite the fact that cancer cells generally show lack of
      adhesiveness due to their higher electrical charge in comparison with normal
      cells. Hagmar recently stipulated that particularly anionic detergents increase
      the negative surface charge of tumour cells, while cationic detergents
      drastically reduce or even reverse this charge. A series of comparative
      experiments were undertaken by us in order to study the influence of anionic,
      nonionic and amphoteric detergents on the production of ascitic fluid from
      macerates of Yoshida sarcoma and fibrosarcoma BUSP. This latter tumour was
      produced and maintained in our laboratory and resisted to all our attempts to
      produce the ascitic form. Heparin, in concentrations of 0,2, 0,4 and 1,0 mg/ml,
      was used as an example of an anionic detergent; Pluronic F-68 and
      phosphatidylcholine, both in concentrations of 1, 2, and 5 mg/ml, represent a
      nonionic and an amphoteric detergent, respectively. The obtained results clearly
      show a most favourable action of the applied surfactants: whereas the controls,
      in which the detergents were not applied, failed to produce ascitic fluid in,
      sometimes, considerable percentages (up to 100% in the case of BUSP) of the
      treated animals, not a single animal remained free of ascite when the injected
      macerate was pre-treated with the emulsifier. It should here be mentioned,
      however, that heparin in the highest concentration applied (1 mg/ml) caused lysis
      of the tumour cells impeding, thus, whatever formations of ascitic fluid.

PMID- 1200781
TI  - [Impulse cytophotometric investigations on melanoblastoma (author's transl)].
AB  - We investigated 24 patients with melanotic tumours (under them 22 malignant
      melanoms). The tumour material (31 x by biopsy, 2 x by autopsy) was homogenized
      and stained with Ethidium bromide after pepsination. The distribution of the DNA
      content of the tumour cell nuclei was measured by impulse cytophotometry. The
      criterion for the curves was the height of the 4-c-peak in percentage of the
      diploid peak. Our material was divided in 3 groups: I. Without metastases. II.
      Metastases, slowly progressive. III. Metastases, rapidly progressive. Between the
      groups there were significant differences: the higher the 4-c-peak, the greater
      the malignancy. In the group III we mostly had tetraploid populations with the
      maximal peak at 4-c. The course of the disease (as seen by metastasis, effect of
      chemotherapy, growing in cell culture) runs parallel to the findings of impulse
      cytophotometry. In one case of melanosis praeblastomatosa circumscripta Dubreuilh
      we found a pure diploid cell population without peaks at 4-c. For prognosis (not
      for diagnosis) the impulse cytophotometric investigation of malignant melanoma is
      more suitable than the histology. In the discussion we expose the connections
      between proliferation and DNS distribution of cell nuclei in a tetraploid
      population. The terminology of cell cycle phases is extended to tetraploid
      populations with new terms (G', S'). In some cases we found stem lines. As shown
      by repeated impulse cytophotometric investigations a changing of stem lines in
      the DNA distribution curve is possible (change from hyperdiploid to tetraploid).
      The impulse cytophotometry is suitable for such investigations on melanomas.

PMID- 1200783
TI  - The fine structure of the parotid gland of the Mongolian gerbil, Meriones
      meridianus.
AB  - The parotid gland of the Mongolian gerbil, Meriones meridianus, was examined by
      the electron microscopy. A peculiar feature of the serous acinar cells in that
      mature secretory granules have a bipartite substructure consisting of a centrally
      located large dense homogeneous core and the peripheral rim of a less dense,
      fibrillo-granular matrix. The latter is histochemically revealed to be rich in
      acid mucosubstance while the former may be mainly composed of zymogenic materials
      because of its dense homogeneous texture. Such a heterogeneity of granule content
      is detectable in all the materials examined, regardless of fixation and staining
      methods and of animal age. Another characteristic feature of the gland is
      observable in the duct cells, which provide the basal hemidesmosomes attached
      with microfilaments and the network system of agranular cytoplasmic tubules,
      closely related to the basal plasma membrane. Functional significance of these
      structures is discussed.

PMID- 1200782
TI  - [Immunotherapy of laryngeal papillomatosis (author's transl)].
AB  - 14 children and adults suffering from laryngeal papillomatosis were treated with
      an inactivated tissue culture virus vaccine. The vaccine was produced from a
      virus of the papova group isolated out of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis. In
      all vaccinated patients, objective regression of tumor mass was observed, mostly
      without any operative procedure. In 5 patients even with an operation microscope
      no residula papillomatous tissue could be seen after treatment. In 7 patients
      with laryngeal papillomas which had been treated for years by repeated surgery,
      immunotherapy induced regression of 6-12 months duration. Thereafter, recurrences
      were found which were clinically silent but visible by microscopy. A second
      vaccination was succesful in 8 of 10 patients. The vaccine treatment showed no
      side effects.

PMID- 1200784
TI  - Histological study on the postnatal development and sequence of eruption of the
      maxillary cheek-teeth of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
AB  - The development and sequence of eruption of the maxillary cheek-teeth of rabbits
      were studied by histological methods. The presence of three deciduous molars
      which were replaced by correspondent premolars and of three permanent molars
      without predecessors was confirmed. The eruption of the maxillary deciduous
      molars was shown to begin at 4 days postnatally and that of the permanent molar
      at 9 days, while the eruption of the premolars occurs from 24 days on, replacing
      the deciduous molars which are exfoliated. The last tooth to erupt is the M3. At
      32 days all the permanent cheek-teeth are erupted. The deciduous molars are
      completely developed at birth, root resorption starting at 4 days. On the first
      day the premolars are in the bell stage and in the M1 and M2 amelogenesis is
      taking place. After 27 days the development of the permanent maxillary cheek
      teeth is completed. Dentinogenesis, amelogenesis and cementogenesis were observed
      in all of them.

PMID- 1200785
TI  - Ultrastructural alterations in rabbit taste buds induced by prolonged treatment
      with cycloheximide.
AB  - Prolonged administration of cycloheximide, an inhibitor of ribosomal protein
      synthesis, induces degeneration of rabbit taste bud cells: the degenerative
      changes resemble early changes in denervated taste buds. Our observations show
      that the pattern of degeneration is quite different in the three cell types of
      the taste buds. The earliest changes in type II and III cells are an increase in
      cytoplasmic filaments and extreme dilatation of rough endoplasmic cisternae.
      Profiles of dead type I and II cells vastly increase in number. Type I cells
      appear less affected by the drug and the only sign of degeneration was an
      increase in the number of autophagic vacuoles in their cytoplasm. There was no
      indication that degenerating type I cells undergo transformation to type II or
      III cells. These findings support our hypothesis that type I, II and III cells
      represent distinct cell types and do not undergo transformation to other types in
      the course of their life span.

PMID- 1200786
TI  - The occurrence of brown adipose tissue in perirenal fat in Japanese.
AB  - 1. In 125 cases of perirenal fat samples derived from human necropsies (from 1
      month to 86 years), the occurrence of the brown adipose tissue was examined.
      Brown fat cells were contained in 72% (90: 125) of the cases. 2. In the infants,
      all samples contained maximal amounts of brown fat cells: the perirenal fat was
      composed almost exclusively of brown fat cells: in children and teenagers they
      began to diminish, and in younger adults further reductions were observed: after
      the fifth decade conspicuous diminutions occurred. In later decades the brown fat
      in the perirenal fat was small in amount. 3. This change in the amount of the
      brown fat tissue undergoes individual variations. In some cases, the brown fat
      tissue disappeared from perirenal fats in the early stages of life, while in
      others it persisted to very late stages of life. A man as old as 86 years
      possessed brown adipose cells in the perirenal fat. 4. Multilocular brown fat
      cells were classified into the following types: Type 1, fat-depleted cells: Type
      2, small-locular cells: Type 3, middle-locular cells: Type 4, large-locular
      cells: Type 5, monolocular brown fat cells with a thick cytoplasmic rim and
      pseudomonolocular brown fat cells and Type 6, multilocular brown fat cells rich
      in cytoplasm. In the infants, all cell types were identified: the small-locular
      cells were in general scanty in all decades following infancy: in later decades
      of life, the most common cell types were middle-locular and large-locular cells.
      The fat-depleted cell is a particular cell type and may occur usually accompanied
      by multilocular brown fat cells rich in cytoplasm. 5. The fat lobules are
      composed of a centrally located brown fat cell area and a peripheral layer of
      monolocular white fat cells, which in the infants was very thin but in the
      following ages was gradually widened to invade the interior of the lobules. 6.
      The present findings suggest a continuous replacement of brown fat cells by white
      fat cells during advancing age. The monolocular brown fat cell with a thick
      cytoplasmic rim and the pseudomonolocular brown fat cells probably represent
      transitional forms between multilocular brown fat and monolocular white fat
      cells. These cell types were found throughout life, suggesting continuous
      transformation of the brown fat cell into the white fat cell.

PMID- 1200787
TI  - [Carbodiimides in synthesis of dantrone esters and ethers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200788
TI  - [Synthesis of sulfonylketone Mannich bases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200789
TI  - [Substituted isatin phenylimines (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200791
TI  - [Aminobenzyl- and aminocyclohexylmethyl-imidazoles (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200790
TI  - [Antiviral agents. 6. Variation of substituents in the series of N'-substituted N
      (adamantyl-(1))-thioureas].

PMID- 1200792
TI  - [The associative behaviour of methylglucamine salts of the dicarboxylic acid
      dianilides of 3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoaniline in aqueous solutions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200793
TI  - [Reactions of 1,4-pentadien-3-ones. 7. The reaction of sulfone-analogs of
      pentadienones with malonic esters].

PMID- 1200794
TI  - [Condensation of 3-methyl-indole with ketones (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200795
TI  - [Synthesis of 1-oxo-9-methyl-pyrrolo-(1,2-a)indole (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200796
TI  - [Synthesis of 2,2-dimethyl-3-alkylaminopropionaldehyde hydrochlorides (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200797
TI  - [Polycarbonyl compounds. 14. A sulfur analog of the krokonate-dianion].

PMID- 1200798
TI  - [NMR-Spectroscopy in hetercyclic compounds. 4. 13C-NMR spectroscopic coordination
      of 1,4- and 1,5-substituted imidazoles].

PMID- 1200799
TI  - [Pyranylidene-anthrones (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200800
TI  - [Synthesis of some polyhydroxyphenyl ethers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200801
TI  - [C-17-oxidation of clavine alkaloids with a primary alcoholic hydroxyl group
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200802
TI  - [Structure of a saponin of Polygala chinensis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200803
TI  - [Assay of Succus liquiritiae in drugs. The analysis of BISUC].

PMID- 1200804
TI  - [Fluorimetric in situ-determination of acetylsalicylic acid (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200805
TI  - [Volatile terpenes in fungi (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200806
TI  - [Formation of a tetraene from 18beta-glycyrrhetic acid (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200807
TI  - [The conformation of nardosinone].

PMID- 1200808
TI  - [The biologic half-life of the thalidomide-like compound K-2004 (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1200810
TI  - [Mannich bases of beta-dicarbonyl derivatives (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200809
TI  - [The reaction of 3-amino-s-triazole with acyloins (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200811
TI  - [The preparation of (4-bromophenyl)-trimethysilane (author's transl)].

PMID- 1200812
TI  - [Syntheses of imidazoles. 9. N-alkyl-substituted 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazoles].

PMID- 1200813
TI  - [1,4-Pentadien-3-ones. 9. The reaction with deoxybenzoins].

PMID- 1200814
TI  - Bladder training: its role in evaluating the effect of an antispasticity drug on
      voiding in patients with neurogenic bladder.
AB  - Fourteen patients with spinal cord damage were treated with Ba-34647 (Lioresal,
      Ciba-Geigy), a new antispasticity drug. The treatment was initiated for excessive
      skeletal muscle spasticity and voiding difficulty. Seven of the patients had been
      wearing indwelling catheters and seven were catheter-free. The former were given
      trials at voiding after removal of catheters; the usual assistive methods common
      to most bladder training regimens were administered. Despite this, the trials
      were unsuccessful in reducing residual urine to acceptable levels. With addition
      of therapeutic doses of the drug without the training regimen, voiding trials
      were also unsuccessful excepting the response of one patient. The drug plus the
      training regimen was effective in reducing residual urine to acceptable levels in
      all patients. On discontinuing or decreasing the dosages of the drug, there was
      gradual but rapid build-up of residual urine despite the active training regimen.
      Restoration of effective dosage again led to satisfactory voiding function in all
      patients. The catheter-free group suffered from frequency, nocturia, and bed
      wetting owing to excessive residual urine despite the employment of active
      training regimens. With addition of optimal dosages of Ba-34647, these problems
      were markedly reduced. They increased with drug discontinuation or dosage
      decrease and again improved upon restoration of effective doses. Bladder
      training, including active assistance to the expulsion of urine, is essential to
      the evaluation of antispasticity drugs for their effect on voiding.

PMID- 1200815
TI  - Sequence of electromyographic abnormalities in stroke syndrome.
AB  - In 20 stroke patients who were examined by repeated electromyography,
      fibrillation potentials and positive waves were noted as early as seven to ten
      days after the stroke and gradually disappeared as volitional potentials and
      spasticity appeared. This sequence of events occurred first in the antigravity
      muscles, then in their antagonists and finally in the most distal muscles. We
      hypothesize that the abnormal irritability is a consequence of the loss of the
      neurotrophic influence on the muscle fiber after the stroke.

PMID- 1200816
TI  - Medical education: a required clerkship in rehabilitation and chronic disease.
AB  - For seven years the University of Rochester Medical School has required a four
      week clerkship in rehabilitation and chronic disease as part of the fourth year
      curriculum. Students have a choice of clerkships ranging from traditional
      physical medicine and rehabilitation to chronic disease experience in several
      other specialties. Data have been systematically collected for five years from
      the students in regard to the following: (1) rating of this clerkship relative to
      all other required clerkships for educational value; (2) opinion whether the
      clerkship should continue to be required; (3) value to other students with
      similar career goals; (4) attitudes towards rehabilitation and changes therein
      resulting from the clerkship experience; and (5) open-ended comments about the
      clerkship. Response rate to the questionnaire has been about 80%. The purpose of
      the questionnaire was to aid in improving the clerkship and to determine the
      settings where students would respond most positively to a chronic disease
      experience. Nearly half of the respondents felt the clerkship should continue to
      be required, and an overwhelming majority felt it would be valuable to students
      with career interests similar to theirs.

PMID- 1200817
TI  - Pneumatic orthosis for paraplegic patients: functional evaluation and
      prescription considerations.
AB  - Fourteen paraplegic patients were studied during ambulation training, 11 with
      pneumatic orthoses and with conventional metal orthoses, and 3 with pneumatic
      orthoses only. The purposes of the study were to establish whether pneumatic
      orthoses could be used by paraplegic patients for effective ambulation, whether
      these devices presented any advantages or disadvantages over conventional
      orthoses and how their use would affect the expected level of rehabilitation and
      independence. As far as application, standing up, sitting down and ambulation
      within a rehabilitation center are concerned, similar skills and levels of
      independence were obtained with both types of orthoses. Reduced tendency for
      orthostatic hypotension, availability, light weight and better endurance make the
      pneumatic orthosis especially suitable for early ambulation training, but several
      mechanical problems, mainly its inflation with motorized and heavy compressor
      units, limit its usefulness for community ambulation.

PMID- 1200818
TI  - Synergistic tenotomy: effect on chronically denervated slow and fast muscles of
      rat.
AB  - A study was conducted with chronically denervated adult female Wistar rats to
      test the hypothesis that synergistic tenotomy of denervated skeletal muscles does
      not just retard atrophy but produces an increase in muscle weight. The animals
      were categorized in three groups-denervated exercised (DE), denervated
      tenotomized (DT), and denervated-tenotomized-exercised (DTE). Mechanical stretch
      was induced in the DE group by forcing the animals to stand on their hind legs to
      reach for food and water. In the DT group, mechanical stretch was induced by
      tenotomy of two synergists in the gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus complex of each
      leg of the rat so that either the soleus or the plantaris was left as the only
      plantar-flexor of the ankle joint in each leg. Mechanical stretch was induced in
      the DTE group by forcing the animals to stand after the tenotomy of synergists at
      eight weeks postdenervation. All animals in the three experimental groups, and in
      the sedentary control group (D) were sacrificed at nine weeks postdenervation;
      the soleus and plantaris muscles were removed and evaluated for MW, DW and
      percent of hydration. The slow muscle (soleus) increased in muscle mass in DT
      (53%), DE (26%), and DTE (17%). The fast muscle (plantaris) increased in weight
      in DE (18%) and in DTE (24%), but showed no significant changes in DT. Study
      results confirm the hypothesis that synergistic tenotomy stimulates an increase
      in muscle weight rather than merely retarding atrophy, and that this phenomenon
      can take place in the absence of neuronal influences. It is suggested that the
      increase in denervated muscle mass stimulated by muscle elongation is not a true
      work hypertrophy associated with significant changes in protein concentrations
      but only an adaptation to a new muscle length. The purpose of the adaptational
      changes is to optimize the overlap of actomyosin bridges in anticipation of
      forceful muscle contraction.

PMID- 1200819
TI  - Bone mineralization in the distal forearm of hemiplegic patients.
AB  - Bone mineral content was measured by single photon absorptiometry using a
      modified bone densitometer (Packard) with 125I as the source. In 42 hemiplegic
      subjects, matched for sex and age, the bone density was compared bilaterally on
      the radius and ulna 2 cm and 4 cm above the wrist. The nonparalyzed side served
      as a control for the paralyzed side. The results indicate a consistent, general
      loss of bone mineral on the paralyzed side compared with the nonparalyzed side.
      The extent of demineralization in females was greater than in male subjects.
      Right-dominant left-paralyzed patients showed a greater loss of bone density than
      right-dominant right-paralyzed subjects. The absorption ratio of the paralyzed vs
      the nonparalyzed sides revealed that there was a 5.3% and 7.4% decrease in the
      average bone density at 4 and 2 cm above the wrist, respectively. There was a
      progressive loss of bone mineral content relative to time after the onset of
      paralysis, amounting to an average of 6.4% approximately three months after the
      onset of injury. It was estimated that before the onset of paralysis there was an
      excess of bone mineral on the dominant vs the nondominant side of +5.4% and +3.2%
      for males and females, respectively.

PMID- 1200820
TI  - F-wave conduction velocity in the central segment of the peroneal and tibial
      nerves.
AB  - A simple method was devised to measure the F-wave conduction velocity (FWCV) in
      the central segment (knee to spinal cord) of the peroneal and tibial nerves in
      contrast to the conventional motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) in the distal
      segment (knee to ankle). In 33 normal subjects, the FWCV in the central segment
      (56.3 +/- 4.9 meters/sec for peroneal nerve; 54.4 +/- 3.6 meters/sec for tibial
      nerve) was slightly faster than the MNCV in the distal segment (49.5 +/- 3.8
      meters/sec; 46.8 +/- 3.4 meters/sec) as measured in the conventional manner. In 4
      of 14 patients with the Guillain-Barre syndrome, the F-wave was absent or slowed
      in the face of normal MNCV indicating more marked slowing of nerve conduction
      proximally. The average FWCV (36.8 +/- 13.6 meters/sec; 42.2 +/- 9.3 meters/sec)
      and MNCV (41.4 +/- 8.0 meters/sec; 39.0 +/- 5.6 meters/sec) were considerably
      decreased compared to the normal values. The F-wave could not be elicited in the
      lower extremities in 16 of 19 patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. The FWCV
      was normal in 10 patients with multiple sclerosis including 3 with clinical
      findings suggesting demyelination in the conus medullaris.

PMID- 1200822
TI  - Combination wheelchair-stretcher ("Blythemobile").

PMID- 1200821
TI  - Urinary catheterization in severe sphincter spasticity: report of two cases.

PMID- 1200823
TI  - Vocational diagnosis through assessment of functional limitations.
AB  - Diagnosis in rehabilitation counseling requires a relatively precise delineation
      of client assets and liabilities. This is essential in establishing direction for
      counseling efforts; it can also aid in evaluating counseling effectiveness by
      providing a means of grouping cases according to difficulty or types of problems.
      This paper identifies the disadvantages of present systems of medical and
      psychiatric diagnoses for these vocational counseling purposes. It discusses some
      of the methodological issues involved in establishing a new system for recording
      client problems. The paper also introduces a brief, yet comprehensive inventory
      of functional limitations which has been developed in the Counseling Psychology
      Service of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the
      University of Minnesota.

PMID- 1200824
TI  - Memory functioning in hemiplegics: a neuropsychological analysis of the Wechsler
      Memory scale.
AB  - The Wechsler Memory Scale was administered to 60 hemiplegics and 30 amputees who
      were matched by age, education, and sex. The results indicated that the
      orientation subtest has diagnostic value in discriminating between left- and
      right-sided brain damage in patients and that the right hemisphere may play a
      proportionately larger role for temporal orientation. The mental control and
      digits backward subtests seem to be measuring a composite of different cortical
      functions which are not represented equally in both cerebral hemispheres. Optimal
      performance on these tests requires interhemispheric integration among these
      cortical functions. Unilateral damage to either side of the brain would interfere
      with a special part of the composite function subserved by the damaged hemisphere
      and produce comparable detrimental effects on performance. The logical memory,
      digits forward, and associate learning subtests measure memory functions which
      are equipotentially represented in both hemispheres. Damage to either side of the
      brain would have no effect on the performance of these tasks. In general, the
      neuropsychological analysis suggests that the Wechsler Memory Scale has
      diagnostic value in assessing short-term memory impairment in brain damaged
      patients. However, memory quotient obtained by summing the total subtest scores
      has very little value in discriminating between left- and right-sided brain
      lesions.

PMID- 1200825
TI  - Vocational adjustment after laryngectomy.
AB  - The vocational adjustment of 130 persons after laryngectomy was examined by a
      semistructured questionnaire which elicited responses on 26 measures including
      vocational plans, work values, remotivation to work, realism, rehabilitation
      outlook and speech characteristics. Responses were coded according to the
      Goldberg Scale of Vocational Development with reliabilities ranging between 0.80
      and 0.99. Prior to laryngectomy, 30 persons were unemployed or retired, and 100
      persons were employed. After laryngectomy, of the 100 employed persons, 51
      remained employed, 31 retired, and 18 were too disabled to work. Higher work
      values, higher remotivation, greater realism, optimistic rehabilitation outlook,
      previous employment and previous social involvement correlated positively with
      employment after laryngectomy (p less than 0.05). The continued employment of 50%
      of laryngectomees compares favorably with that reported in other studies. Persons
      who developed the basic ability to cope realistically with their disability had
      the best chance of continuing employment. Persons with an optimistic outlook
      about the future course of their disease were more likely to return to
      employment. This group constitutes a productive clientele for vocational
      rehabilitation.

PMID- 1200826
TI  - Hyperthermia: effect on exercise prescription.
AB  - Ten healthy male university students pedaled a bicycle ergometer (Monark) for
      three sessions each lasting 30 minutes. Each subject worked at an individually
      predicted work load corresponding to approximately 40% of maximal aerobic
      capacity. The same predicted work load was conducted at 24 degrees C, 44 degrees
      C and 54 degrees C for each subject. For practical purposes, the results reveal
      approximately a one beat per minute increase in exercise heart rate for each 1
      degree C increase in ambient temperature above neutral (24 degrees C). The
      practice of exercising cardiac patients in hot ambient temperatures which produce
      potentially hazardous heart rate levels was challenged. Seasonal reevaluation of
      exercise heart rate prescriptions is of importance. Hopefully, these findings
      will also be of some importance to various community gymnasiums and to self
      motivated joggers.

PMID- 1200827
TI  - Editorial: The self assessment examinations of 1974 and 1976.

PMID- 1200828
TI  - Editorial: Inappropriate use of diuretics in surgical patients.

PMID- 1200829
TI  - Morbid obesity.

PMID- 1200830
TI  - Pancreatoduodenectomy. Results when the operation is performed infrequently.
AB  - A series of 13 pancreatoduodenectomies were performed in a medium-sized
      university hospital by seven different primary surgeons during an eight-year
      period without an operative death. The incidence of fistula, wound infection, and
      other major complications compares favorably with other, larger series. All but
      two of these operations were performed by resident surgeons. The suggestion that
      one must have a large experience with this operation in order to perform it
      safely has not been borne out by our experience. We believe that careful
      preoperative preparation and meticulous operative technique are the primary
      factors enabling the safe performance of the operation.

PMID- 1200831
TI  - Calf blood flow in intermittent claudication.
AB  - Calf blood flow was correlated with severity of symptoms in 24 patients with
      intermittent claudication. Calf blood flow was measured (Whitney strain gauge) at
      three levels of demand--at rest, after exercise ("open"), and after exercise with
      total vascular occlusion by a tourniquet about the thigh ("closed"). The results
      showed significant correlation between the patients' reported capacity to walk
      and measured exercise tolerance on an ergometer (P less than or equal to .01).
      The coefficients of correlation between exercise tolerance and calf blood flow
      (resting, postopen or postclosed exercise) or the vascular reserve (difference
      between postopen and postclosed exercise hyperemia) were not significant. It is
      concluded that capacity for walking in cases of intermittent claudication is not
      a reliable index of the calf blood flow. The relationship between these factors
      would be clearer if the patients pain threshold and calf tissue metabolic
      activity were known also.

PMID- 1200832
TI  - Serum gastrin and secretin levels after the Exalto-Mann-Williamson procedure.
AB  - The Exalto-Mann-Williamson procedure produces peptic ulceration in nearly 100% of
      experimental animals but the mechanism is unknown. To investigate the possible
      hormonal role of the gastric acid hypersecretion seen after this procedure, we
      investigated preoperative and postoperative serum gastrin and secretin
      concentrations. There was no significant change in serum gastrin; however, serum
      secretin concentrations increased to 2 1/2 times the preoperatve value, most
      likely secondary to the enhanced secretion of gastric acid. These data do not
      suppport the theory that alterations in circulating secretin or gastrin levels
      are responsible for the gastric acid hypersecretion following the Exalto-Mann
      Williamson operation.

PMID- 1200834
TI  - Catheterization in anorectal surgery.
AB  - Urinary retention and catheterization are among the complications involved in
      anorectal surgery. One hundred patients who underwent hemorrhoidectomies were
      able to avoid both of these complications due to a combination of operative and
      postoperative procedures, including the following: (1) meticulous surgical
      technique; (2) restriction of fluids; (3) adequate doses of narcotics, and (4)
      preeducation of the patient and nursing staff, which resulted in spontaneous
      voiding in all of the patients by the morning after the operation, with or
      without a hot bath.

PMID- 1200833
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia associated with enflurane anesthesia.
AB  - Malignant hyperthermia is induced by potent inhalation anesthetics. Enflurane
      must be added to the list of those anesthetic agents (such as halothane and
      succinylcholine) that are associated with this condition. The patient in our
      study was a young woman with no history of prior exposure to general anesthetics,
      and no family history of complications following administration of anesthetics.
      The other possible causes of hyperthermia in the patient were investigated and
      eliminated, and the condition was finally associated with enflurane. Enflurane
      should not be used in patients with a family history of this rare but often
      lethal disorder.

PMID- 1200835
TI  - The physician, the manufacturer, and medical devices.
AB  - Better communication between physicians and manufacturers of medical devices is
      becoming increasingly important due to wider usage of these devices, as well as
      more intense scrutiny by consumer interest groups. Physicians should therefore
      have more complete knowledge of techniques of new product development. A new
      product typically passes through at least six stages, as follows: (1) idea
      conception; (2) merit and feasibility study; (3) design and testing; (4)
      production preparation; (5) market preparation; and (6) marketing. These steps
      are completed over a period of several years at an ever increasing cost. We
      propose that interaction procedures be undertaken so as to enhance direct
      physician-manufacturer communications in the medical device arena. Some possible
      techniques of improving these communications include the direct training of
      physicians and manufacturers in each other's problems, the establishment of
      hospital engineering groups, the placement of medical consultants in industry,
      and the active participation in device standards-generating groups and other
      groups of mutual interest.

PMID- 1200836
TI  - Letter: An unusual esophageal foreign body: dead or alive?

PMID- 1200837
TI  - Letter: Ocular pneumoplethysmography.

PMID- 1200838
TI  - Letter: The split rib technique.

PMID- 1200839
TI  - Letter: More on adrenalectomy for metastatic breast cancer.

PMID- 1200841
TI  - Letter: Needle aspiration biopsy for thyroid cancer.

PMID- 1200840
TI  - Letter: More on fundoplication.

PMID- 1200842
TI  - Letter: Gravity as cause of "colon cutoff".

PMID- 1200843
TI  - Letter: Ophthalmodynamometry.

PMID- 1200844
TI  - Immunity following intranasal administration of an inactivated, freeze-dried
      A/England/42/72 vaccine.
AB  - A group of 23 student volunteers were each inoculated intranasally with 400 IU of
      inactivated, freeze-dried A/England/42/72 vaccine. Only one volunteer showed a
      four-fold rise in serum HI antibody following immunization, and the mean increase
      in serum HI antibody (gmt) for all volunteers did not increase two-fold. Thirteen
      of the volunteers developed detectable levels of nasal wash neutralizing antibody
      after immunization; local antibody was most commonly found in volunteers who
      produced a detectable but less than four-fold fise in serum antibody titre, and
      who produced nasal washings with relatively high concentrations of protein and
      secretory IgA. Four weeks after immunization, the vaccinees and a matched group
      of control subjects were inoculated with attenuated A/England/42/72 (MRC-7)
      virus. Evidence of infection was found in 14 of 23 (61 per cent) of control
      subjects and in seven of 23 (30 per cent) of immunized volunteers. This result
      showed a significant protection (P = 0.04) against challenge virus infection for
      volunteers given intranasal vaccine.

PMID- 1200846
TI  - [Jokl-Roubal's method for the evaluation of heat load].

PMID- 1200847
TI  - Effect of manganese on the morphology of the rabbit adrenal cortex.

PMID- 1200845
TI  - Comparison of the ability of small molecular interferon inducers: tilorone and
      acridine drugs.
AB  - The antiviral activity and induction of interferon-like substance by mepacrine
      (quinacrine, Atabrine) and Acranil in mice, described previuosly, was studied in
      more detail and compared with tilorone. The serum substance induced by Acranil
      was characterized as mouse interferon. Acranil, given parenterally, proved to be
      as strong as tilorone regarding interferon stimulation, in spite of the presence
      of only one side chain in the Acrainl molecule. Mepacrine was found to be a
      wealer interferon inducer than either tilorone or Acranil. The mode of interferon
      induction by Acranil and tilorone (effect of metabolic inhibitors,
      hyporesponsiveness to repeated doses, correlation between acute toxicity and
      antiviral activity, failure of effectiveness in chicks and chicken embryo tissue
      culture) was found comparable. However, the body temperature reactions of mice to
      the drugs were different: a striking hypothermic effect of tilorone, a lower one
      of mepacrine and the absence of body temperature depression by Acranil was
      observed.

PMID- 1200848
TI  - [Determination of urinary phenol in a group of workers occupationally exposed to
      benzene].

PMID- 1200849
TI  - [Attitudes towards food irradiation].

PMID- 1200850
TI  - Determination of calcium mineralization rate in humans by means of the slope of
      forearm retention curve after intravenous application of 47Ca.

PMID- 1200851
TI  - [Case of paraquat poisoning].

PMID- 1200852
TI  - Aspects of the assessment of pesticide exposure and hazards to man.

PMID- 1200853
TI  - [Correlation of the volume of the perineural oligodendroglia of the cerebral
      cortex with their RNA level].
AB  - The RNA content in the perineural oligodendroglia cells was studied with the help
      of cytophotometer in 6 humans aged from 75 to 85 in cortical fields 4, 10 and 21.
      The volume of oligodendrogliocytes in the third layer of fields 4, 10 and 21 is
      respectively equal to 55,6+/-1,25; 52,46+/-1,03 and 43,25+/-1,05 mum3. Since the
      RNA concentration in oligodendrogliocytes of any size has proved to be
      practically the same, the general amount of RNA per a cell of the oligodendroglia
      is directly proportional to its volume.

PMID- 1200854
TI  - [Influence of gravitational overload and hypokinesia on the structure of the
      vascular bed of the stomach].
AB  - Under study were effects of gravitation stresses, total hypokinesia and their
      combinations on blood vessels of the stomach. The work was carried out in 130
      rabbits, 16 of them being used to study the normal structure of the gastric
      vascular bed. The vascular bed was injected with the Gerota's mass followed by
      clearing, making histological preparations and roentgenography. The investigation
      has revealed both quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the
      gastric blood vessels. The maximum endurable stress of the ventro-dorsal
      direction causes morphological shifts less pronounced than stresses of
      longitudinal directions. With prolonged terms of hypokinesia (1-12 weeks)
      morphological changes became more pronounced in all the layers of the stomach. A
      combination of successive gravitation stresses and hypokinesia during 4-12 weeks
      aggravated morphological changes which occurred after exposure to isolated above
      factors. The animals subjected to maximum endurable stresses before and after 4
      week hypokinesia developed vascular changes more typical for the effects of
      gravitation. The pretraining of animals did not give a pronounced positive effect
      on the changes of the angioarchitectonics of all the gastric layers after a
      repeated stress following 4-week hypokinesia.

PMID- 1200855
TI  - [Ultrastructure of synapses in the nucleus of the trapezoid body of the bat].
AB  - The subsynaptic structure of the synapses in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid
      body was studied in the bat Myotis oxygnatus. The synaptic endings in the nucleus
      are represented by large-cup-shaped and small loop-shaped terminations. The cup
      shaped terminations are formed of large branches originating from a thick
      myelinated fibre after loss of myelin from it. Each branch forms a series of
      contacts alternating with vast enlargements of extracellular space, on the body
      of the cell and its processes. Large branches are filled with synaptic vesicles,
      neurofilaments and neurotubules, mitochondria; all these components are
      distributed rather regularly along the branch diameter. In fine branches of the
      cup the synaptic vesicles are the main and often the only component. The pattern
      of the cup branch changes as the distance from the main fibre increases, namely
      the amount of neurofilaments and neurotubules diminishes up to their
      disappearance, while the amount and the density of synaptic vesicles increases.
      The small loop-shaped treminals are different from the cup-shaped ones by the
      composition of the synaptic vesicles and the structure of the contact zone. In
      addition to agranular vesicles there are also granular ones. Both types of
      terminations--cup-shaped and loop-shaped ones -- are found both on the bodies and
      dendrites. On distal portions of dendrites the terminations are disposed in
      nests.

PMID- 1200856
TI  - [Development of collaterals following stenosis of the abdominal portion of the
      aorta and their fate following restoration of blood circulation in all major
      vessels].
AB  - The first aim of the work was to obtain data on the role of different collaterals
      in recovery of collateral blood flow after stenosis of the abdominal part of the
      aorta. The second aim  was to study the fate of these collaterals after the blood
      flow recovery in this aorta (alloplastic prosthesis). Gradual reduction of
      collaterals beginning from long less stable vessels resulted from the bloodflow
      recovery. Short collaterals were more stable.

PMID- 1200857
TI  - [Role of protein sulfhydryl groups in the reaction of early avian embryos to
      temperature influences].
AB  - Difference in the character of reacting of early embryos to hypothermia and beta
      mercaptoethanol, absence of protecting influence of cystein during exposure to
      cold permitted conclusion that sulfhydryl protein groups were not of great
      significance in reactions of early avian embryos to hypothermal effects. Certain
      participation of these protein groups may be supposed in the reaction of early
      gastrulation stages under exposure to high temperature.

PMID- 1200858
TI  - [Method of complex morphofunctional study of the capillary bed of the thyroid
      gland].
AB  - The method is based on the cytospectrophotometric estimation of the histochemical
      reaction to alkaline phosphatase in the gland capillary and on determination of
      the relative volume occupied by the functioning capillaries. A model experiment
      under conditions of hyperplasia and hypoplasia of the organ has shown
      considerable differences in the gland blood supply. Under these conditions the
      changes of the functioning capillary bed were more pronounced than those of the
      organ mass.

PMID- 1200859
TI  - [Intravital study of the vasa vasorum by the transmural vasoscopy method].
AB  - The paper presents a method of transmural vasoscopy for intravital observation of
      vasa vasorum in the wall of main blood vessels in acute experiments in
      anesthetized dogs. The optical part of the cytoscope introduced into the vessels
      under study (the portal vein, vena cava or aorta) via the nearest largest branch
      was used as a source of light. For this purpose, a longitudinal cut 0,5 cm long
      was made in the vessel between two clamps put at a distance of 2-2,5 cm from one
      another. The part of the cytoscope was inserted through the cut, the vessel was
      ligated proximally to the cut and the proximal clamp was removed. Then the
      optical part of the cytoscope was introduced in the lumen of the vessel under
      study at a distance of 4-5 cm. The microscope MBS-1 mounted on a specially
      constructed bracket was used for visual observation and measuring morphological
      parameters of vasa vasorum. A special tubus was put on one of the oculars with a
      camera fixed to it. On filming in falling and passing light observations and
      focussing were performed through the free ocular.

PMID- 1200860
TI  - [Individual variation in the structure of the infratemporal fossa and its
      contents].
AB  - The subarcuate fossa was studied in 150 turtles. The enclosed muscles, fasciae
      and cellular tissue spaces, vessels and nerves -- in 145 heads of corpses of
      adult humans by the methods of dissecting, making Pirogov's sections and
      histotopograms. Extreme forms in the structure of the subarcuate fossa were
      revealed as well as interrelations between the structure of the fossa and
      enclosed anatomical formations.

PMID- 1200861
TI  - [Structure of the sensory neural apparatus of the common carotid artery in
      reptiles].
AB  - The nervous apparatus of the carotid arteries was studied in 43 steppe turtles on
      both sides. In 31 turtles the nerve elements in total preparations were stained
      with methylene blue, its 0,1--0,25% solution being injected into the jugular
      vein. Within 30 minutes after injection of the dye the common carotid arteries
      were taken from the body, cut longitudinally and fixed in 5% solution of ammonium
      molybdenate during 18-24 hours. In 12 turtles the sections of from 35 to 90 mu
      thick were impregnated with silver nitrate salts after Kajal -- Faworski and
      Bielschowski--Gross. The nervous apparatus of the common carotid artery from its
      basement to the site of division into external and internal branches is
      represented by a well-developed small-looped plexus of nerve fibres and sensory
      endings of different shape which form receptory fields. The afferent sensory
      terminations of the main type and simple reseptory bushes were found in the
      adventitia superficial layer of the common carotid artery. Complex receptory
      bushes with a great number of terminal buttons and plates were found in the
      profound layer of this artery adventitia, and especially in its muscular layer.
      Glomerular receptors were also found in the common carotid artery of the turtle.
      But they were detected much more rarely as compared with bushy endings.

PMID- 1200862
TI  - [Study of the microcirculation of the wall of the stomach of white rats by the
      vital microscopy method].
AB  - Microcirculation of the gastric wall in the albino rat was studied by the method
      of vital microscopy in passing light. The conditions of the experiment permitted
      watching the microcirculation state during 5-6 hours. Intravital morphometry of
      the microcirculation bed vessels was made. The obtained data concerning the
      intravital angioarchitectonics of the gastric wall vascular bed were in good
      agreement with a conventional scheme of its blood supply. The role of
      arteriolevenular anastomoses in redistribution of blood within the bloodflow
      pathways was noted.

PMID- 1200863
TI  - [Nature of the distribution of synapses in the neurons of the reticular formation
      and some afferent nuclei].
AB  - Under study was the morphology of synaptic terminations of the brain reticular
      formation in cats and dogs as well as that of the afferent nuclei of the cat's
      posterior columns. The neurons of the Goll's and Burdach's nuclei have a richly
      ramified dendritic network. In this connection the main mass of synapses is
      disposed on the dendrites and their different branchings. The dendrites of the
      multipolar cells of the reticular formation have the main type of branching, but
      the cells are distributed from the nerve cell body at a considerable distance (up
      to 50 mu and more). The synapses are observed at the total length of the
      dendrite, so the axo-dendritic contacts quantitatively prevail over axo-somatic
      ones. The morphological data are compared with physiological axo-somatic and axo
      dendritic concepts of the role of synapses in conducting the nerve impulse.

PMID- 1200864
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the olfactory organ of the sterlet (Acipenser
      ruthenus)].
AB  - Three variations of olfactory cells were found in the olfactory organ of the
      sterlet Acipenser ruthenus. They were different in the shape of their peripheral
      processes: rod-shaped ones supplied with flagella and solitary microvilla; cone
      shaped ones with solitary flagella and a great number of microvilla; filiform
      ones without flagella but with numerous microvilla and groups of centrioles in
      the cytoplasm of the peripheral process. The character of the structural and
      functional organization of these cells is discussed.

PMID- 1200865
TI  - Ureterocele.

PMID- 1200866
TI  - Combined radiation therapy and surgery in the treatment of advanced head and neck
      cancer.

PMID- 1200867
TI  - Implant resection arthroplasty in arthritis of the upper extremity.

PMID- 1200868
TI  - Editorial:  Heat and radiation in cancer therapy and diagnosis.

PMID- 1200870
TI  - Tuberculosis hospitalization program.

PMID- 1200869
TI  - Recent advances in calcium metabolism.

PMID- 1200872
TI  - [Chronic hypertrophic glandular gastritis and stomach cancer].
AB  - Histotopographic, morphological, and histochemical investigations of the state of
      the gastral system in 147 cases with gastric cancer of Ist--IVth state,
      occurrence of which could not be associated with chronic ulcer or polyp,
      justified the conclusion that in 9 cases (6.2%) extensive erosive, ulcerous
      infiltrative and diffuse cancer developed against the background of preceeding
      hypertrophic glandular gastritis. Moreover, there was a likelihood that in 7
      cases (4.6%) hypertrophic glandular gastritis played a role in the onset of
      gastric cancer. Chronic hypertrophic glandular gastritis should be looked upon as
      a pretumour disease of the stomach, a precancer condition in the broad sense of
      the word. The problems of interrelationship between Menetrier's disease and
      cancer of the stomach in the present article are not considered.

PMID- 1200871
TI  - [Morphology and remote results of the treatment of arachnoidendothelioma
      (meningioma) of the vascular membrane of the eye].
AB  - Morphology of arachnoidendothelioma (30 cases) of the choroid of the eye was
      studied using stains and impregnation of the fibrous stroma of a tumour with
      silver. In 28 cases the fate of patients after the enucleation of the eye-bulb
      was followed-up for periods of 2-15 years. Depending on characteristics of
      cellular elements and specificity of the architectonics of the tumour tissue,
      three main variants of its structure were singled out: meningotheliomatous,
      insular, and fibroblast arachnoidendothelioma, according to the terminology
      accepted by neurooncologists. It was established that in most cases the tumour
      was non-pigmented or slightly pigmented. Its pigmentation was accounted for by
      the presence of three types of pigment cells: epithelioid cells of
      arachnoidendothelium containing fine-grained brown pigment, melanophages and
      process melanocytes. Arachnoidendothelioma of the choroid of the eye was
      characterized by an expansive character of growth. In a number of cases, however,
      there was noted an infiltrative growth of the tumour. Studies of the remote
      results of the treatment revealed no metastasizing.  In one case a recurrence of
      the tumour took place. The author comes to the conclusion that, as to its
      histological structure, character of growth and prognosis of
      arachnoidendothelioma of the choroid of the eye is similar to
      arachnoidendothelioma localized in the meninx. A typical histological structure
      of this tumour makes it possible to differentiate it from melanoblastoma of the
      choroid of the eye.

PMID- 1200873
TI  - [Changes in the myocardium of the atrium in sudden death due to ischemic heart
      disease].
AB  - Studies of the myocardium of the right and left atria in 31 cases of sudden death
      due to myocardial infarction of the ventricles or in the presence of extensive
      focal cardiosclerosis were carried out. Histological techniques for staining with
      hematoxylin-eosine, trichrome after Masson and Goldman's method were used.
      Microscopic investigation of the heart in 14 cases revealed fresh areas of
      necrosis of the myocardium atria, which the authors evaluated as infarction. The
      involvement of the myocardium of the atria into the pathological process
      influenced the course and prognosis of ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 1200875
TI  - [Peculiarities of the ultrastructural organization of prismatic cells of the
      large intestine in nonspecific ulcerative colitis].
AB  - Electron-microscopy studies of biopsy specimens of the large intestine mucosa in
      36 patients with non-specific ulcerated colitis were carried out. A difference in
      the structure of the lateral plasmatic membranes of prismatic cells and
      intercellular space of the large intestine mucosa in patients at periods of
      remission and exacerbation was revealed. Characteristics of the fine structure of
      the lateral plasmatic membranes of prismatic cells and the intercellular space in
      patients at the period of exacerbation of the disease reflected the compensatory
      processes directed at stabilization of the impaired water balance under
      conditions of diarrhea and dehydration by activating resorption processes in the
      large intestine.

PMID- 1200874
TI  - [Morphological changes in the gingiva in collagen disease, uncomplicated or
      complicated by odontogenic infection].
AB  - Biopsy specimens of the gum of patients with systemic lupus erythematodes,
      rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerodermia, complicated or not with chronic
      odontogenous infection, and of 10 those of practically healthy persons with
      chronic odontogenous infection were studied. In patients with collagenous
      diseases outside the odontogenous infection foci there were observed considerable
      lesions of the microcirculatory bed vessels, largely of inflammatory nature.-
      productive vasculitis of the epithelium and connective tissue of the mucosa
      proper of the gum. The immunopathological character of the above-mentioned
      lesions in some cases was confirmed by the immunofluorescent method of
      investigation. The observed changes in vessels and the connective tissue of the
      gum in collagenous diseases reflected a locally generalized vasopathy of immune
      character and systemic disorganization of the connective tissue. Studies of gum
      biopsy materials in patients with collagenous diseases taken from chronic
      odontogenous infection foci revealed inflammatory changes in the gum tissues much
      more serious than in practically healthy people in analogous foci od odontogenous
      infection. Lesions of the gum in patients with collagenous diseases, not
      complicated with odontogenous infection, represented a background which
      aggravated the effect of this infection on the gum.

PMID- 1200876
TI  - [Comparative morphometric study of the fatty tissue of obese patients following
      diet therapy].
AB  - Results of morphometric studies of the subcutaneous fat tissue in patients with
      the metabolic-alimentary form of obesity of 3rd degree are discussed. A total of
      27 biopsy specimens obtained from obese patients before and after the course of
      complex therapy with statistical treatment of the data on the electronic computer
      type M-222 were studied. A regular correlation between the volume of lipocytes
      and body weight was revealed: with an increase in excessive weight there were
      observed corresponding changes in the size of fat cells. In the process of
      treatment the obese patients showed a statistically reliable considerable
      decrease in the volume of fat cells, no marked changes in the total number there
      of as compared with initial parametres were noted.

PMID- 1200877
TI  - [Wegener's granulomatosis].
AB  - An observation over a case of Wegener' granulomatosis in a 29-year-old woman is
      set forth. The disease developed against the background of a chronic inflammatory
      process in the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract during the period of
      pregnancy and delivery. Generalized lesions of the mucosa and paranasal sinuses,
      as well as granulomatosis of visceral organs were noted.

PMID- 1200878
TI  - [Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx in a 63 year-old man].
AB  - A case of embryonal rabromyosarcoma localized in the larynx in the region of the
      left vocal bands in an elderly man is described, the tumour represented a hardly
      discernable delimited greyish-pinkish node with 1 cm diametre. Microscopic
      investigation of the tumour revealed the structure typical of embryonal
      rabromyosarcoma. The patient died two days after laryngectomy of thromboembolism
      of the pulmonary artery. At autopsy no metastases were observed. The peculiar
      features of the case are an extremely rare localization of embryonal
      rabromyosarcoma and advanced age of the patient.

PMID- 1200879
TI  - [Chordoma].

PMID- 1200880
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of present-day sepsis].
AB  - Analysis of prosector's findings and results of pathoanatomical studies of 65
      cases who had died from sepsis showed that its incidence increased from 0.92% in
      1956--1960 to 4.11% in 1971-1974. Along with the well-known typical
      manifestations of sepsis, a number of its perculiar features associated with
      application of modern therapeutic methods are considered: the prevailing form of
      sepsis is pyemia (81.5%), considerable incidence of sepsis following peritonitis
      and septic thrombophlebitis developing at sites of prolonged catheterization of
      veins. The significance of staphylococci and Bacillus pyocyaneus, which are
      resistant to the majority of the available at present antibiotics, as principle
      pathogenes of modern sepsis is emphasized. A dependence between the localization
      and size of metastatic foci and the kind of pathogene and nature of its toxines
      is noted. Among the conditions contributing to the development of sepsis the
      authors consider a reduction of the immunological reactivity of the organism
      morphologically characterized in the dead persons studied by the absence in
      lymphatic follicles of lymphatic nodes and the spleen, of "light" centres,
      drastic atrophic changes in the thymus gland in the majority of cases, and by
      slightly manifested phenomena of phagocytosis of microbes in the foci of
      inflammation. The role of operative and other traumas, the character of preceding
      diseases and application of immunodepressive therapy in the reduction of the
      immunological reactivity of the organism is tressed.

PMID- 1200881
TI  - [Possible role of microbial factors in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis].
AB  - Electron-microscopy studies of the epithelium of the large intestine mucosa in
      patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis (biopsy material) and that of rats
      with experimental allergic ulcerative colitis revealed the penetration of
      microorganisms into goblet cells of the experimental animals at various stages of
      mucigenoformation. The bioptic material showed no such pictures. It appears that
      factor of immunization played a certain role in the realization of the influence
      of microorganisms on pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. The structural feature
      of the development of glycocalix are described on the basis of clinical and
      experimental material.

PMID- 1200882
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of meningococcemia in children].
AB  - Observations were conducted over 8 children aged 5 months to 3 years and 2
      months, in whom the disease developed acutely and was accompanied by collapse.
      Death occurred within the first 12--36 hours from the onset of the disease.
      Morphologically, there were revealed haemorrhagic rash, initial phenomena of
      serous-purulent meningitis, clear-cut disorders of the microcirculation (stasis,
      thrombosis) in the skin, lungs, myocardium, kidneys. The cause of early death of
      the children with meningoccaemia turned out to be the Waterhouse-Friderichsen
      syndrome, the morphological manifestations of the latter being bilateral
      haemorrhages into the adrenals. In the kidneys capillarothrombosis may develop,
      which is in accord with the picture of the Sanarelli-Schwartzmann phenomenon, and
      may lead to the development of acute renal insufficiency with formation of
      cortical necroses of the kidneys.

PMID- 1200883
TI  - [Electron autoradiographic study of the synthesis of RNA in the reparative
      regeneration of bones].
AB  - The metabolism of RNA in cells of callus 4 and 7 days following the fracture was
      studied. At the three stages of differentiation of osteogenic cells-
      preosteoblasts, differentiating osteoblasts, and osteoblasts--there was noted a
      similar dynamics of synthesis and transfer of RNA. One and a half hour after
      administration of a precursor of RNA--uridine-5H3 grains of silver concentrated
      predominantly above the nuclei, nucleoli being marked most intensively. Four
      hours after the administration of the precursor the total number of grains above
      the cells increased, mostly above the granular endoplasmatic reticulum; density
      of grains over the nuclei at this time did not change significantly, whereas that
      over the nucleoli decreased notably. The relationship between the observed
      features of the RNA metabolism and various stages of differentiation of
      osteogenic cells is considered.

PMID- 1200884
TI  - [Functional significance of dark and light cells].
AB  - Ultrastructural-functional characteristics of dark and light cells were
      considered from the standpoint of tissue and organ specificity on the material of
      skeleton muscular fibres and the mucosa of bronchi of man, the liver and kidneys
      of dogs in the syndrome of prolonged compression. It was shown that these cells
      might have three main characteristics for the activity of the organ and reflect
      either the specificity of their work, or alternating activity, or the vital cycle
      of the cell. The ultrastructure of the dark cells testify, as a result of the
      specificity of their work, to their adaptation to prolonged activity connected
      with clearcut biosynthetic and bioenergetic processes. The work of the light
      cells does not require apparently considerable development of plastic processes.
      In the alternating activity dark cells should be considered as potentially
      active, whereas light cells are in the state of intensive activity. The
      ultrastructure heterogeneity of dark and light cells, moreover, may reflect
      various stages of their vital cycle.

PMID- 1200885
TI  - [Morphological changes in the kidney in acetic acid poisoning].
AB  - The kidneys of 118 patients who had perished because of vinegar acid poisoning
      were studied morphologically in periods from 2 hours to 26 days. Comparisons of
      morphological findings and clinical patterns and different methods of treatment
      of this kind of intoxication were made. Lesions of the kidneys in vinegar acid
      poisoning were similar to those in acute hemoglobinuric nephrosis. A
      characteristic morphological feature of acute renal insufficiency was ruptures of
      distal tubules. Some peculiar features of the morphology of the kidneys in acute
      renal insufficiency associated with treatment methods (stimulation of osmotic
      diuresis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialyses) were revealed. It was established
      that early intensive complex therapy changed essentially the morphological
      picture of acute hemoglobinuric nephrosis and could prevent irreversible lesions-
      ruptures of distal tubules.

PMID- 1200886
TI  - [Cytological diagnosis of rectal polyps].
AB  - Cytograms of polyps of the rectum were studied in 62 patients. Impressions of and
      smears-scrapes from the surface of polyps (taken during rectoromanoscopy) or
      bioptic specimens served as material of investigation. Smears were stained after
      Leischman's method. The cytograms were collated with the findings of the
      investigations of histological preparations stained with hemato-xylin-eosine. The
      results obtained showed that cytologically, it seemed possible to establish not
      only the character of the epithelial component of polyps (benign, atypical, or
      malignant), but to diagnose the histological structure of a tumour (simple,
      proliferative and malignant forms of adenomatous polyps of the rectum).

PMID- 1200887
TI  - [Use of a rubber hose of superhigh pressure for a freezing microtome].

PMID- 1200888
TI  - [Myocardial contractily. III. The effect on cardiac inotropism during the
      increase of arterial blood pressure during infusion of angiotensin II].

PMID- 1200889
TI  - [Heart valve replacement in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1200890
TI  - [Physiopathology of cardiac edema. II].

PMID- 1200891
TI  - [Epicardial cardiac pacemakers implanted by subcostal route, using sutureless
      electrodes].

PMID- 1200892
TI  - [High frequency electrocardiography. II. Use of coherent averages to improve the
      sign/noise relation].

PMID- 1200893
TI  - Successful anatomic correction of transposition of the great vessels. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 1200894
TI  - Coronary microfistulas--coronary artery to left ventricle shunt and angina
      pectoris.

PMID- 1200895
TI  - Retinal ischemia in diabetic retinopathy.
AB  - Eight patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy developed extensive
      retinal arteriolar and capillary obstruction. Ophthalmoscopy showed many white,
      thread-like retinal arterioles associated with capillary and venous dilatation.
      Widespread retinal arteriolar and capillary nonperfusion was demonstrated by
      fluorescein angiography. Ischemic maculopathy resulted in severe loss of visual
      acuity in some eyes. The severe degree of retinal ischemia was accompanied by
      optic disc pallor and neovascularization and a high incidence of rubeosis iridis
      with neovascular glaucoma. Patients with this variety of diabetic retinopathy
      have a poor prognosis of retaining useful vision.

PMID- 1200896
TI  - Ischemia of ciliary arterial circulation from ocular compression.
AB  - Two patients developed unilateral central retinal artery and posterior ciliary
      artery occlusions related to ocular compression during general anesthesia. One
      patient had evidence of extensive choroidal ischemia with diffuse
      hypopigmentation, pigmentary mottling of the posterior pole, and disc edema.
      Electroretinography showed diminution of the A and B waves. The other patient
      showed patchy choroidal ischemia with subsequent development of wedge-shaped
      areas of pigmentary atrophy and mottling in the midperiphery. Iridocyclitis and
      prolonged hypotony were also present. Retinal and posterior ciliary artery
      occlusion (perhaps at the level of the ophthalmic artery) can occur as a result
      of ocular compression by a face mask or an improperly positioned headrest.
      Systemic hypotension is a factor in many cases. Proper positioning of the head on
      an adequate headrest and avoidance of ocular compression will prevent the
      occurrence of retinal and choroidal occlusion during general anesthesia.

PMID- 1200897
TI  - Pupillary hemiakinesia in suprageniculate lesions.

PMID- 1200898
TI  - A human model of allergic conjunctivitis.
AB  - Using the method of refractometry to measure protein concentration in tears, a
      simple model was developed to evaluate the allergic response in humans. Timothy
      grass pollen was instilled into the cul de sac of a human subject, and the
      protein content of the subject's tears was sampled every 15 minutes for three
      hours. Once the time course of this experiment was predictable, various eye
      medications were instilled into the subject's eye 30 minutes after allergic
      challenge. It was noted that 1.0% and 0.1% prednisolone, each combined with 0.12%
      phenylephrine hydrochloride, as well as 1% epinephryl borate eye drops, produced
      an almost immediate return to normal of tear protein levels, whereas 1.0%
      medrysone, 0.1% fluorometholone, 1.0% prednisolone, and 0.12% prednisolone had
      less pronounced effects on reduction of elevated tear protein concentration.

PMID- 1200899
TI  - Isometric, three-dimensional viewing of ultrasonograms.
AB  - This report describes a system that allows amplitude information to be used as a
      third dimension or aspect of display on B-scan ultrasonograms. The relative
      strength of reflected echoes can be shown on B-scan by means of gray scale, color
      coding, or on A-scan with amplitude deflection. With this new technique, called
      isometric display, superimposition of the A-scan trace on the B-scan allows
      preservation of these amplitude characteristics. The three-dimensional
      presentation can be rotated around any azimuth to provide isometric viewing of
      the ultrasonogram. Tissue may then be characterized on a more reliable basis than
      is permitted by independent analysis of outline and amplitude features.

PMID- 1200900
TI  - Atypical angiomatosis retinae. Positive blanch test.

PMID- 1200901
TI  - Letter: Temporal arteritis and pulmonary emboli.

PMID- 1200902
TI  - Trabeculectomy for glaucoma.

PMID- 1200904
TI  - Role of surgery in head and neck cancer with fixed nodes.
AB  - In a series of 51 cases of Stage IV head and neck carcinomas, 12 selected
      patients were studied retrospectively, in order to determine the role of surgery
      in their management. Two patients who received a tumoricidal dose of radiation
      prior to radical neck dissection survived over five years, but no viable tumor
      was found in either specimen, suggesting a radiation cure. Nine patients died
      within three years, with either local recurrence or distant metastases; one
      patient died of asphyxiation, without disease, within five months. It appeared
      that surgery played no substantial role in improving the survival of the patients
      with head and neck cancer with fixed nodes.

PMID- 1200903
TI  - Nanophthalmos with uveal effusion. A new clinical entity.
AB  - Five patients exhibited the association of nanophthalmos and uveal effusion,
      apparently on a familial basis. Glaucoma, occurring in the fourth to sixth
      decades of life, required surgical intervention that was followed by the
      development of secondary retinal and choroidal detachment. Recognition of this
      syndrome is important because: (1) surgical procedures for glaucoma should be
      avoided, if possible, in order to prevent the development of uveal effusion; (2)
      retinal detachment surgical procedures are ineffective in uveal effusion and
      should be avoided, and (3) choroidal elevation occurring in the uveal effusion
      phase may be erroneously diagnosed as an intraocular tumor and unnecessary
      enucleation may follow.

PMID- 1200905
TI  - Mandibular osteotomy and lingual flaps. Use in patients with cancer of the tonsil
      area and tongue base.
AB  - The composite resection operation with sacrifice of a portion of the hemimandible
      is considered to be the fundamental operation for cancers in the posterior oral
      cavity. The mandible is resected for cancer control (to ease reconstruction) and
      perhaps for traditional reasons. Mandibular sacrifice is not always essential for
      oncologic resection. Access through the mandible is usually required for
      effective resection of cancers in this region. The lateral mandibular osteotomy
      approach provides this access in selected patients. The adjacent, remaining
      portion of the tongue provides 75 to 100 sq cm of thick pliable vascular mucosa
      that can be used for closing the defects after resection of the cancer in the
      posterior oral cavity. As much as one half of the tongue can be rotated. If
      certain precautions are taken, a viable flap can be assured even after radiation
      treatment or ligation of the ipsilateral lingual artery.

PMID- 1200906
TI  - Radical neck dissection: Elective, therapeutic, and secondary.
AB  - The effectiveness of elective en bloc, therapeutic en bloc, and secondary radical
      neck dissections is evaluated in patients whose primary tumor remained controlled
      following initial treatment (surgery, irradiation, or combined therapy).
      Pathologically documented cervical involvement following elective en bloc,
      therapeutic en bloc, and secondary radical neck dissections occurred in 80 (27%)
      of 295, 158 (67%) of 237, and 77 (75%) of 102 of the patients, respectively.
      Patient survival is greater if cervical metastases are surgically removed while
      occult, rather than if they are resected after they are clinically suspected.
      Patients who have a 15% to 20% or greater likelihood of having occult cervical
      metastases will have an increased probability for survival if the surgical
      management includes an elective en bloc radical neck disection.

PMID- 1200907
TI  - Transfer factor: Potential for therapy of malignant diseases.
AB  - Transfer factor (TF) is a low molecular weight nonantigenic extract of leukocytes
      that is capable of transferring cell-mediated immunity from an immune individual
      to a nonimmune individual. Reports of efficacy of transfer factor in
      immunodeficiency states and chronic infectious diseases, as well as its lack of
      toxicity, have spurred clinical trials of TF therapy in human malignant diseases.
      Variables such as donor and patient selection, dose of TF, and use of concurrent
      therapy have not been explored. Preliminary reports suggest that TF may find a
      role as adjuvant therapy in human malignant neoplasms.

PMID- 1200908
TI  - Positional vertigo.
AB  - Different forms of positional nystagmus, particularly the continuous (type I)
      variety, were found in 86 consecutive patients admitted to general and
      neurological hospitals. This series is compared with 365 patients with paroxysmal
      (type II) and 23 patients with type III positional nystagmus. In this series of
      32 of the patients with continuous type I positional nystagmus (including 15
      patients with head injury) and 18 of the patients with paroxysmal type II
      nystagmus were found to have central lesions.

PMID- 1200909
TI  - Surgery to prevent aspiration.
AB  - A glottic closure procedure rather than laryngectomy is suggested for patients
      with loss of laryngeal sphincter function. The operation allows restoration of
      respiration and swallowing without aspiration, but sacrificies phonatory
      function. No patient has had sufficient recovery of laryngeal sphincteric
      function to warrant an attempt to reverse the laryngeal closure operation.

PMID- 1200910
TI  - Aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses.
AB  - Aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses may occur as a chronic disease in an
      otherwise healthy person. This infection is usually confined to a single
      paranasal sinus, the maxillary antrum, though it can involve the orbit and may
      initiate with findings of proptosis and decreased vision. The disease is
      characterized by a wide range of initial symptoms, and should be considered as a
      possible diagnosis in sinusitis refractory to antibiotics and antral lavage.
      Conservative surgical debridement of involved tissues and drainage of sinus, with
      or without adjunctive antifungal therapy, results in cure of this disease.

PMID- 1200911
TI  - Preventing collapse of external auditory meatus during audiometry.
AB  - Occlusion of the external auditory meatus resulting from earphone pressure can
      produce a pseudoconductive hearing loss. I describe a method for detecting ear
      canal collapse by otoscopy and I suggest a method of correcting the problem with
      a polyethylene tube prosthesis.

PMID- 1200912
TI  - Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. Congenital anomaly of bony labyrinth a
      possible cause.
AB  - A patient had recurrent meningitis as a result of a congenital anomaly of the
      bony labyrinth. As far as could be traced in the literature, this was the first
      time that an isolated congenital anomaly of the bony labyrinth could be shown to
      be the origin of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea and the resulting
      recurrent meningitis. In cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea of unknown origin,
      tomographic x-ray examination of the bony labyrinth is of utmost importance. For
      the detection of the finer details is the bony structure of the labyrinth, this
      tomography should be done according to one of the multidirectional techniques.

PMID- 1200913
TI  - Reconstruction of upper cervical esophagus.
AB  - We describe a surgical technique for reconstruction of the upper cervical
      esophagus after a segment has been excised. The technique involves the downward
      rotation of a full thickness pharyngeal flap to close the defect. The flap is
      obtained from the posterior wall of the hypopharynx and oropharynx. We describe a
      case in which this technique was used.

PMID- 1200914
TI  - Cryptococcosis of the larynx.
AB  - An unusual case of cryptococcosis of the larynx initially developed as an acute
      upper airway obstruction that necessitated tracheostomy. Concomitant findings
      were tracheobronchial ulcerations and edema with severe mainstem bronchial
      constriction on the left side. Budding "yeast-like organisms" that were
      consistent with Cryptococcus neoformans appeared in tissue specimens. Epithelial
      changes that were consistent with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia occurred in
      areas in the immediate vicinity of the organisms. Sputum and bronchial washing
      cultures grew nonmycelial, mucinous, encapsulated forms that were positive to
      staining with mucicarmine and Alcian blue. Treatment with amphotericin B resulted
      in resolution of the laryngeal obstruction, permitting decannulation. Follow-up
      direct laryngoscopy and biopsy three months after completion of therapy revealed
      only mild edema of the false vocal folds. No organisms were found in the tissue,
      and the pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplastic mucosal changes had resolved.

PMID- 1200915
TI  - Primary adenocarcinoma of the middle ear.
AB  - Primary adenocarcinoma of the middle ear is rare. It may or may not be associated
      with chronic suppurative otitis media. After the exclusion of a primary site
      elsewhere, the tumor should be managed by surgery and postoperative radiotherapy,
      especially if tumor excision is incomplete. We report a case in which primary
      papillary adenocarcinoma developed in the middle ear, possibly due to aberrant
      ceruminous gland elements. The findings prior to histologic examination were
      unusual in that they were consistent with a tumor of the glomus tympanicum or
      glomus jugulare.

PMID- 1200916
TI  - The role of otolaryngology in primary care practice. Report of a survey.
AB  - A survey was conducted to assess how family practitioners rated certain knowledge
      skills and procedures in the field of otolaryngology. A questionnaire was
      designed as the instrument of the survey, and family practitioners were asked to
      complete the questionnaire based entirely on their experience in practice. The
      results of the survey showed that the practitioners considered that the majority
      (64%) of the items ranged from necessary to imperative. A highly consistent
      response was obtained. We discuss implications for curriculum design based on
      such surveys.

PMID- 1200917
TI  - Frontal sinus cancer manifested as a frontal mucocele.
AB  - During the period 1972 to 1974, 12 frontal mucopyoceles were seen. Subsequently,
      three were shown to have an underlying neoplasm. Evaluation of the roentgenograms
      demonstrated minor differences between those with and those without a malignant
      basis. In previous reports of frontal sinus cancer, the descriptions of the
      roentgenograms suggest that it is possible that these features were also present.
      The difficulty in deciding the sinus of origin in such cancers has often been
      discussed, but the possibility that neoplasms of the orbital lobe of the lacrimal
      gland may occur in the frontal sinus is usually not considered. Anatomically, the
      intimate proximity of this lobe to the frontal sinus suggests that a neoplasm
      could develop in this manner. I believe that this was true in two of the patients
      reported herein.

PMID- 1200918
TI  - Open-ended tympanometric screening: A new concept.
AB  - We introduce the concept of open-ended, successive-day, tympanometric screening.
      In impedance screening of children for middle ear disorders, there is a serious
      risk of over-referral if decisions are made on the basis of a single tympanogram.
      Serial tympanometric studies of Australian aboriginal children show that, whereas
      the type B tympanogram is usually stable, type A and type C patterns are prone to
      vary from day to day, inviting inappropriate referral decisions unless the
      classifications are confirmed by tests on successive days.

PMID- 1200920
TI  - Physiologic eustachian tube inflation.
AB  - A new maneuver (oral positive pressure) of voluntary middle ear inflation is
      described. The efficacy of this new maneuver over the Valsalva maneuver was
      established by conducting an experiment in 50 normal volunteers and a clinical
      trial in 75 patients with Eustachian tube obstruction and in 25 patients with
      chronic serous otitis media. The lower opening pressure and higher available head
      of pressure, characteristic of this new maneuver, is hoped to be of definite
      therapeutic value in the management of the previously mentioned conditions. This
      maneuver has a potential for use in aviation medicine.

PMID- 1200919
TI  - Dysphagia secondary to cricopharyngeal muscle dysfunction, Surgical Management.
AB  - Neuromuscular dysfunction of the cricopharyngeus muscle is becoming increasingly
      recognized as a cause of dysphagia, particularly in the growing geriatric
      population. The disorder may occur primarily, or as part of a generalized
      neurologic syndrome. This debilitating and potentially lethal type of dysphagia,
      formerly managed by nasogastric tube or gastrostomy feeding, is usually
      correctable by simple section of the cricopharyngeus muscle. We report a series
      of six successfully managed patients to illustrate important aspects of diagnosis
      and treatment.

PMID- 1200921
TI  - The tuck-up operation, A new technique of secondary rhytidectomy.
AB  - The results of rhytidectomy are often unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is a need
      for a secondary procedure to correct the deficiencies. We describe a new
      technique that is simple, highly effective, and is accompanied by only minimal
      morbidity. Furthermore, it suggests a restructuring of our thinking about surgery
      of the aging face.

PMID- 1200923
TI  - Re-mediastinoscopy.
AB  - In a series of 1,188 mediastinoscopies, six re-mediastinoscopies (0.5%) were
      made. The indications for repeated mediastinal exploration can be made more
      lenient since the adhesions between the innominate artery and the trachea need
      not always be extensive; if they are, an alternative paratracheal route can be
      used. Caution should be used, keeping possible vascular complications in mind,
      but we believe that an earlier mediastinoscopy does not contraindicate a repeated
      procedure.

PMID- 1200922
TI  - Elective carotid artery resection.
AB  - A retrospective study of carotid artery resection disclosed a 64% mortality when
      resection was performed on an emergency basis, as compared with 14% when the
      surgery was undertaken electively. This concurs with other studies that have
      demonstrated increased survival rates when elective carotid artery resection has
      superseded carotid artery rupture, and reemphasizes the need for a more accurate
      means of predicting individual tolerance for loss of the carotid artery. Use of
      the ocular plethysmograph (OPG) is proposed as a simple and accurate means of
      evaluating the adequacy of collateral hemispheric blood flow to compensate for a
      potentially resectable carotid artery. Eleven patients have been evaluated using
      this technique. Nine were predicted to successfully tolerate carotid artery
      resection, while intolerance was predicted for the remaining two. Four of the
      nine patients have undergone resection of the artery with no neurologic sequelae
      to date.

PMID- 1200924
TI  - Pathologic quiz case 2.

PMID- 1200925
TI  - Pathologic quiz Case 1.

PMID- 1200926
TI  - Nutrition of orphan marsupials.
AB  - Marsupial milk has been found to be high in  fats, protein and ash compared to
      eutherian milk.  The generally low lactose content of marsupial milk and the
      corresponding low intestinal lactase activity of pouch young marsupials, when
      considered with the incidence of diarrhoea and the occasional formation of
      cataracts in orphan kangaroos fed on cow's milk (which has a high lactose
      content), suggests that a lactose-free milk be fed to orphan marsupials. Of the
      lactose-free milk substitutes for children now available, it is recommended that
      Pregestimil, Glucose Nutramigen and particularly CFI be used for very young
      orphan marsupial herbivores (especially kangaroos), as these are both lactose-
      and sucrose-free. Isomil, Prosobee and Triglyde, containing sucrose, may be
      suitable for older kangaroos which are also ingesting solids and brush-tailed
      possums of all ages.  The appropriate natural diet of the orphan marsupial should
      be available at the time when initial solid food ingestion would occur in the
      natural state. It is suggested that milk substitute continue to be given until
      the orphan animal reaches the age where, in the natural state, it would be full
      independent.

PMID- 1200927
TI  - Attenuated vaccines against bovine ephemeral fever.

PMID- 1200928
TI  - Cerebellar hypoplasia of genetic origin in calves.
AB  - Within 2 years, following the introduction of 2 Shorthorn bulls from the same
      stud into an Australian Illawarra Shorthorn (AIS) herd, 16 calves were born with
      cerebellar hypoplasia. All affected calves were the progeny of one bull mated to
      the daughters of the other. All other progeny of these bulls, most of which were
      from AIS dams, were normal. Affected calves exhibited severe ataxia, consistent
      head movement and abduction of the forelimbs. Microscopic changes in the
      cerebellum included sparsity of cells of the granular layer, loss of Purkinje
      cells and narrowing of the molecular layer. Observations on the frequencies of
      normal and abnormal calves are consistent with the hypothesis that the condition
      is caused by an autosomal recessive gene for which affected calves were
      homozygous and which was introduced into the herd in heterozygous condition by
      both of the Shorthorn bulls. Evidence is given for an unusually high frequency of
      the gene in the stud of origin of the Shorthorn bulls and a procedure for
      reducing its frequency is outlined. The possibility of a viral or toxic aetiology
      is discussed but is  considered to be an unlikely explanation for the condition
      in this herd.

PMID- 1200929
TI  - Pregnancy in slaughtered cows in North-Eastern Australia: incidence and
      relationship to pregnancy diagnosis, season, age and carcase weight.
AB  - A total of 7495 postpuberal beef cows from herds in north Queensland and the
      Northern Territory were examined at abattoirs to define the extent of wastage due
      to the slaughter of pregnant cows. On the basis of examination of teeth most cows
      (57%) were considered mature (approximately 3.5 to 7 years) at slaughter; 14%
      were young (9 months to 3.5 years) and 29% were old (over 7 years). In herds
      where pregnancy diagnosis by rectal examination had not been used at time of
      culling, 71.6% of slaughtered cows were pregnant and 42% of these cows were in
      the second trimester. This high pregnancy rate was considered an important source
      of herd wastage. Pregnancy rate varied little with season, but the highest
      percentages of cows pregnant in the first and third trimesters were recorded in
      autumn and spring, respectively. Most cows found non-pregnant had active ovaries
      at time of slaughter. Anoestrus was observed to be most common in winter and in
      old cows. Lactational status was not recorded. Mean cold carcase weight of 4229
      cows was 161 +/- 40 kg. Maximum carcase weight was observed in cows slaughtered
      at 4 to 6 years of age; old cows had the lowest carcase weight (147 +/- 31 kg) 
      of the age groups considered. Highest (170 +/- 43 kg) and lowest (135 +/- 41 kg)
      carcase weights in relation to pregnancy or ovarian status were observed in non
      pregnant/ovary-active and non-pregnant/anoestrus cows respectively. Carcase
      weight of cows in the third trimester (165 +/- 35 kg) was greater than in the
      second (161 +/- 35 kg) or first (157 +/- 36 kg) trimesters; difference between
      the first and third trimesters was significant (P less than 0.01).

PMID- 1200930
TI  - The adverse effect of environment on the response to distemper vaccination.
AB  - Three standard batches of combined distemper and hepatitis vaccine tested in pups
      housed indoors during a constantly hot summer failed to elicit antibody to
      distemper virus or to protect the pups against challenge with virulent virus. The
      response to hepatitis vaccination was normal. When tested in pups housed
      outdoors, the same batches of vaccine produced antibodies to distemper and
      protection against the disease. It appears that high relative humidity combined
      with high environmental temperature caused an increase in body temperature of the
      pups which was deleterious to the distemper vaccine but did not affect the more
      heat resistant hepatitis vaccine.

PMID- 1200931
TI  - The occurrence of Lymnaea (pseudosuccinea) columella, an intermediate host of
      Fasciola hepatica, in Australia.
AB  - An established population of the eastern North American freshwater snail Lymnaea
      (Pseudosuccinea) columella Say is reported from Middle Creek and Centennial Park,
      Sydney. This species is an important intermediate host of the liver fluke
      (Fasciola hepatica Linne) and its introduction and spread in New Zealand has
      resulted in an increase in the liver fluke problem in New Zealand.

PMID- 1200932
TI  - Ovarian dysgerminoma in a cow.

PMID- 1200933
TI  - Aetiology and pathogenesis of swine dysentery -- recent advances.

PMID- 1200934
TI  - Seminal degeneration associated with chorioptic mange of the scrotum of rams.
AB  - The effect of scrotal mange (Chorioptes bovis) on semen quality was assessed in a
      flock of rams during an outbreak of chorioptic mange and in rams with
      experimentally induced chorioptic mange. Semen quality of 21 rams with chorioptic
      mange lesions involving less than 10 cm2 of the scrotum was indistinguishable
      from that of control rams. Conversely, all 10 rams examined with lesions covering
      more than a third of the scrotum had poor semen quality. Between these 2 extremes
      some rams with relatively severe scrotal mange had semen of good quality while
      others with relatively minor scrotal lesions had semen of poor quality. The
      seminal degeneration and regeneration associated with the development and
      spontaneous cure of scrotal mange were very similar to that seen following
      experimental elevation of testicular temperature.

PMID- 1200935
TI  - Selenium-responsive unthriftiness of young merino sheep in Central Victoria.
AB  - A trial was carried out to determine whether selenium responsive unthriftiness
      existed on a property in the Strathbogie ranges of Central Victoria where
      unthriftiness of young sheep has been a problem for 10 to 20 years. White muscle
      disease had been diagnosed on the property in the previous year and on other
      properties in the area. Eighty Merino ewes and lambs were allotted to one of 4
      groups in a 2 x 2 factorial designed trial in which sodium selenite (0.1 mg/kg)
      was given orally to ewes and/or lambs at marking time and to treated lambs at 3
      monthly intervals thereafter. Selenium treatment of the ewes had no significant
      effect on subsequent lamb performance. Selenium treatment of the lambs produced
      significant responses: mortality in treated groups was 0% compared with 17.5% in
      untreated groups; body weight gains were 1.9 kg higher at both weaning and one
      year of age in treated than in untreated lambs; mean fleece weight was 14.4%
      higher in treated lambs and they produced 39% more wool than the surviving
      untreated lambs.

PMID- 1200936
TI  - The effect of mixed grazing of sheep and cattle on worm burdens in lambs.
AB  - Lambs from ewes grazed without cattle at 4.9, 7.4 and 9.9 ewes and lambs per
      hectare and from ewes run with steers at an equivalent median stocking rate at
      four ratios in which sheep comprised 30%, 40%, 50% and 70% of the animal
      equivalents were killed and examined for worms. When sheep grazed alone, there
      was no significant increase in the number of worm species normally found in
      sheep, namely Ostertagia circumcincta and Nematodirus spathiger, with an increase
      in stocking rate. When sheep grazed with cattle, there was a decrease in the
      number of worm species normally found in sheep but an increase in the number of
      those normally found in cattle, namely Cooperia oncophora and Trichostrongylus
      axei, as the proportion of cattle in the ratio increased. The total worm burdens
      were low due to the management of the flock and parasites were not shown to have
      affected productivity. The results are discussed and the practical aspects of the
      findings are presented.

PMID- 1200937
TI  - Leptospiral titres in pigs after vaccination.
AB  - Two groups of 8 pigs were vaccinated and given a booster vaccination 6 weeks
      later each with a commercial dual L. pomona and L. tarassovi killed vaccine.
      Serum from bloods collected before and up to 30 weeks after vaccination had
      agglutinating antibodies only after the 0ooster vaccination and then only with 1
      vaccine. Titres persisted less than 8 weeks when tested against L. pomona but up
      to 16 weeks when tested against L. tarassovi at the 1:300 dilution and up to 20
      weeks at the 1:100 dilution.

PMID- 1200938
TI  - Letter: Lymphocystis in paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis) in Australia.

PMID- 1200939
TI  - Letter: Transmissible venereal tumour in dogs in Australia.

PMID- 1200940
TI  - Letter: Isolation of Trichuris campanula von Linstow 1889 from Australian cats.

PMID- 1200941
TI  - Guest editorial: Why animal diseases research?

PMID- 1200942
TI  - Response of congenitally immune chicks to viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle
      disease virus.
AB  - Separate groups of chicks of hen hyperimmune to viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle
      disease virus (VVNDV) were challenge-exposed to VVNDV by intraocular route at 1
      day and 34 days old. Their response was evaluated by clinical symptoms,
      hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titers, and virus isolations. Chicks exposed at
      1 day old excreted VVNDV from the vent for up to 60 days; their active mean HI
      titers remained low (10-40); and deaths from VVNDV occurred early (5-16 days) and
      late (28-55 days). Chicks challenge-exposed at 34 days old excreted virus from
      the vent for 10 days; active HI titers developed quickly and remained high (891
      1177); and deaths and signs of VVNDV occurred early (5-13 days).

PMID- 1200943
TI  - Methods of spread of velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus in the
      southern Californian epidemic of 1971-1973.
AB  - Data collected during the velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease (VVND)
      epidemic that occurred in southern California from 1971 to 1973 were analyzed to
      determine the methods of spread of the disease. Spread between chicken flocks was
      extensive and due mainly to the movement of live birds and mechanical transport
      of virus by man, especially by vaccination and poultry service crews. Spread to
      exotic birds was from contact with infected imported stock. Spread to other
      species was most probably through contact with infected chickens. Infection
      persisted in commercial chicken flocks because of intensive vaccination programs,
      heavy traffic and contact between layer operations, and the maintenance of multi
      age flocks. These foci of infection probably led to spread of the disease to
      areas from which VVND had been eradicated several months before. There was no
      evidence of significant wind-borne spread of virus between flocks.

PMID- 1200944
TI  - Demonstration of avian influenza-A virus in Iran by immunodiffusion technique.
AB  - A total of 1000 chicken serum samples (CSS) and 235 turkey serum samples (TSS)
      were tested by an immunodiffusion procedure against soluble antigen (S-antigen)
      prepared from avian influenza-A virus (AIAV), T/Calif/5142/66. None of the CSS
      tested developed any precipitin line, whereas 8.9% of the TSS tested developed
      well-defined precipitin lines against S-antigen. This observation confirmed the
      presence of AIAV in Iran.

PMID- 1200945
TI  - Preparation of Newcastle disease virus hemagglutination-inhibition test antigen.
AB  - A method of preparing antigen for Newcastle hemagglutination-inhibition (HI)
      tests is described; polyethylene glycol precipitation is used for the virus
      concentration. The virus was inactivated with either formalin or beta
      propiolactone. Glycerin was used to stabilize the hemagglutinin activity of the
      antigen. The stability, uninfectivity, and slow eluting features of the antigen
      should aid in obtaining accurate HI results without the risks inherent in the use
      of live virus.

PMID- 1200946
TI  - Newcastle disease virus pathogenesis in the respiratory tract of local or
      systemic immunized chickens.
AB  - Establishment of selective immunity, local or systemic, made it possible to
      evaluate the pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the respiratory
      tract of chickens that were previously immunized with beta-propiolactone
      inactivated antigen. NDV was inoculated intranasally or intramuscularly to
      chickens in different states of immunity (local or systemic). Humoral antibodies
      protected chickens against intranasal as well as intramuscular infection. Local
      antibodies, on the other hand, conferred immunity only against intranasal
      challenge. The respiratory tract supported multiplication of the virus, producing
      a self-limited subclinical infection. Replication of the virus in this system was
      negligible, playing only a minor role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

PMID- 1200947
TI  - Interaction of aflatoxin with Eimeria tenella infection and monensin in young
      broiler chickens.
AB  - Young broiler chicks inoculated with Eimeria tenella and given a diet containing
      2.5 mug aflatoxin/g had significantly higher mortality than birds with
      aflatoxicosis or coccidiosis alone or uninoculated controls. This effect was seen
      even when a light coccidial infection alone did not increase mortality or cause
      weight depression. In addition this higher mortality with the combination began
      earleir and occurred at a higher rate than did mortality from aflatoxin or cecal
      coccidiosis alone. Dietary monensin sodium (99 umg/g) did not completely prevent
      mortality and weight depression when aflatoxin and E. tenella were in
      combination. Aflatoxin and E. tenella singly significantly depressed three-week
      body weights; however, the depression was most severe when the two were in
      combination. Both dietary aflatoxin and E. tenella significantly reduced
      hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and plasma pigmentation, and in combination
      resulted in more severely reduced hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and plasma
      pigmentation. Coccidial lesion scores were significantly less for the combination
      of E. tenella and aflatoxicosis than for coccidiosis alone. This atypical
      response of the ceca to E. tenella in the presence of dietary aflatoxin was
      characterized by less distended ceca, very little coagulated blood in the ceca,
      and apparently more profuse cecal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1200948
TI  - Blood glucose and tissue glycogen levels in turkey poults with spontaneous round
      heart disease and furazolidone-induced cardiomyopathy.
AB  - Furazolidone (FZ) at 700 ppm was added to feed mixtures fed turkey poults two
      weeks posthatching to induce acute experimental cardiomyopathy. Poults in the
      control pen received the same ration but without FZ. Four of the control poults
      developed spontaneous round heart disease. From EKG data and blood samples
      obtained at weekly intervals, poults were selected for sacrifice at 5 weeks of
      age. Tissue samples from the left myocardial wall, liver, and pectoralis major
      and tibialis anterior muscles were analyzed for glycogen by biochemical assay.
      Blood glucose was determined with the Technicon autoanalyzer. Deposition of
      glycogen increased significantly (p less than 0.05) in the myocardium of all
      affected poults and in the liver of all FZ-treated poults. Glycogen levels of the
      pectoralis major and tibialis anterior muscles were not affected by FZ, but a
      significant increase (p less than 0.05) was apparent in the pectoralis major
      muscle of spontaneous round heart poults. It was concluded that FZ influences
      glycogen metabolism, probably by enzyme inhibition, and that it tends to magnify
      effects seen in the spontaneous round heart syndrome. Glycogen infiltration of
      tissues such as the heart and white skeletal muscle suggests that the round heart
      syndrome may be a manifestation of the glycogen storage disease, idiopathic
      generalized glycogenosis. Lack of significant differences in the blood serum
      glucose levels of all poults indicates that these levels are not a reliable
      clinical parameter for monitoring development of the round heart syndrome.

PMID- 1200949
TI  - Response of chickens with genetically different hemoglobin types to infection
      with Eimeria tenella and mechanical bleeding.
AB  - The hematological and body-weight responses of chickens with mutant and normal
      hemoglobin types were compared under conditions of hematopoietic stress from
      coccidiosis infection as well as blood loss from mechanical bleeding. A dose of
      100,000 Eimeria tenella oocysts caused a highly significant decrease (about 30%)
      in the packed cell volume, resulting in a severe anemia in all hemoglobin types.
      Hematological response to the anemia produced by the coccidiosis was similar for
      all three hemoglobin types. Although body weights and gain of all hemoglobin
      types infected with coccidiosis were significantly depressed, there was no
      differential response between the mutant and normal hemoglobin types. Mechanical
      bleeding resulted in a hypochromic normocytic anemia in all hemoglobin types.
      Ability to compenstate for blood loss was similar for the mutant and normal
      hemoglobin types.

PMID- 1200950
TI  - Relative value of oocyst counts in evaluating anticoccidial activity.
AB  - Birds medicated with roxarsone and in another experiment with zoalene in the feed
      produced higher oocysts counts than unmedicated control birds receiving the same
      oocyst dose of Eimeria tenella or a mixture of six species (E. tenella, E.
      necatrix, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. acervulina, and E. mitvati). These
      experiments confirm the conclusion that oocyst counts constitute an
      unsatisfactory and unreliable parameter for judging effectiveness of an
      anticoccidial even though such increases are a relatively rare occurrence in
      anticoccidial evaluation experiments.

PMID- 1200951
TI  - Pasteurellosis in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus L.).

PMID- 1200952
TI  - Myopathy of the deep pectoral muscle in broiler breeder hens.
AB  - Myopathy of the pectoralis profundus and ambiens muscles was found in chickens
      from 5 flocks of broiler breeder hens. Histological lesions in the muscles varied
      from steatosis to loss of striations, fragmentation of fibers, and mineral
      deposition. A clinical response followed oral medication with vitamin E and
      selenium although analysis showed that selenium and vitamin E levels in the feed
      were normal. The possible relation between myopathy and Cassia seed in the feed
      is discussed.

PMID- 1200953
TI  - Chronic lesions in geese photosensitized by Ammi majus.
AB  - Chronic lesions of the beak, footweb, and eye of geese photosensitized by the
      comsumption of Ammi majus (L.) are described, 7 weeks after the acute symptoms
      commenced. Sixty-four (48%) of the 133 birds in the flock showed various degrees
      of abnormality. All affected birds had stunting of the upper beak and
      cicatrization and thickening of the footweb. Eighty-nine percent of the affected
      birds showed ocular involvement, comprising chemosis, blepharoconjunctivitis,
      keratitis, symblepharon, ankyloblepharon, cicatricial ectropium, and mydriasis.

PMID- 1200955
TI  - A microtiter complement-fixation test for detecting and differentiating Newcastle
      disease virus strains.

PMID- 1200954
TI  - The susceptibility of young chickens, ducks, and turkeys to the photosensitizing
      effect of Ammi visnaga seeds.
AB  - Young chickens, ducks, and turkeys were exposed to sunlight and fed various
      amounts of Ammi visnaga seeds for 14 days in an attempt to induce
      photosensitization. In chickens, seeds at 1.25% in the diet had no effect whereas
      3% induced mild signs of photosensitization within 6 to 8 days. No visible
      effects resulted in ducklings from 1.5, 3 and 6% in the diet, or in turkey poults
      from 3%. These differences appear to be due to differences between these avian
      species in the metabolism of the photodynamic agent.

PMID- 1200956
TI  - Territoriality and scent marking by Centris males (Hymenoptera, anthophoridae) in
      Jamaica.

PMID- 1200957
TI  - [Occupationally induced sensitization of respiratory airways by animal-hair and
      animal-dust].
AB  - An occupational sensitization of the respiratory tract caused by hair and dust of
      laboratory animals (Mastomys natalensis) was reported in 3 persons.
      Intracutaneous tests confirmed the relationship between the professional activity
      and the clinical symptoms of an inhalation allergy. The very pronounced reaction
      to different dust extracts and the special conditions of exposure suggest an
      occupational sensitization to the dust of laboratory animals.

PMID- 1200958
TI  - [Procedure for continuous subpartal blood specimen collection in the calf].

PMID- 1200959
TI  - [Experimental intramuscular infection of goats with mycoplasma of chronic
      pleuropneumonia].

PMID- 1200960
TI  - [Effect of varying suckling periods on the reproductive activity in breeding
      sows].

PMID- 1200961
TI  - [Studies on European hog cholera. 5. Discovery of latent infection in piglet
      producing farms in three villages of Northwest Germany].

PMID- 1200962
TI  - [Oral iron administration through drinking water as compared with parenteral
      administration of iron dextran preparations in piglets].

PMID- 1200963
TI  - [Virus-induced ekchondromatosis or the so-called osteopetrosis in chickens].

PMID- 1200964
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of fenbendazole. 2].

PMID- 1200966
TI  - [Infestation of carrier pigeons with obligatory ectoparasitic arthropods spp. in
      Germany].

PMID- 1200965
TI  - ["Glomerular lipidosis" in dogs].

PMID- 1200967
TI  - [Studies on the infestation of the equine genital and nasal mucosa especially of
      stallions, with bacterial pathogens significant in horse breeding, with special
      reference to Klebsiella. 1. Epidemiologic studies].

PMID- 1200969
TI  - [Life cycle of the small form of Isospora bigemina in dogs. 2. Developmental
      stages in the canine intestine].

PMID- 1200968
TI  - [Studies on the infestation of the equine genital and nasal mucosa, especially in
      stallions, with significant in horse breeding bacterial infective pathogens, with
      special reference to Klebsiella. 1. Epidemiologic studies].

PMID- 1200970
TI  - [Double infection of the rainbow trout with viruses of viral hemorrhagic
      septicemia (VHS) and of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN)].

PMID- 1200971
TI  - [Isolation of Salmonella in cats].

PMID- 1200972
TI  - [The rotating aeration method (System Fuchs) for the treatment of liquid animal
      and municipal wastes. 1. Epidemiological, environmental hygienic, and technical
      considerations regarding the use of rotating aeration].

PMID- 1200973
TI  - [Administration of ampicillin (Binotal) in the dog].

PMID- 1200974
TI  - [Hygienic differentiation of technical processes in handling liquid drug. 2.
      Examination of the Electro-M process using laboratory standards].

PMID- 1200975
TI  - [Larvicidial activity of anthelmintics against Angiostrongylus cantonensis].

PMID- 1200976
TI  - Genetic control and intracellular localization of glutamate oxaloacetic
      transaminase in maize.
AB  - Glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase (L-aspertate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase,
      E.C. 2.6.1.1; GOT) was found to occur in five distinct electrophoretic forms in
      different tissue extracts from a number of highly inbred strains of Zea mays L.
      No major qualitative differences were detected in the various tissues examined,
      and the isozyme patterns did not undergo changes during temporal development of
      any given inbred strain. Cell fractionation studies showed one isozyme to be
      associated with the mitochondria (mGOT), another to be exclusively associated
      with the soluble fraction (sGOT), and a third to be associated with the
      glyoxysomes (gGOT). The glyoxysomal form occurs as two electrophoretically
      distinct variants which exist in different inbred strains of maize. The gGOT
      variants are under the control of two codiminant alleles (Got1A and Got1B) at the
      Got1 locus (isozyme5, gGOT). The genetic data and gene dosage effects suggest
      that GOT in maize is functionally a dimer.

PMID- 1200977
TI  - Polypeptide composition of fraction I protein from Nicotiana glauca and from
      cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum, including a male sterile line.
AB  - The polypeptide compositions of fraction I protein isolated from six collections
      of Nicotiana glauca and from ten cultivars of N. tabacum, as well as a polyploid
      series and a male sterile line, have been analyzed by isoelectric focusing in
      polyacrylamide gel slabs containing 8 M urea. Apart from the male sterile line,
      none of the plants showed any variation from the species pattern of polypeptides.
      Fraction I protein from the male sterile Burley 21 cultivar of N. tabacum
      contained the two small subunit polypeptides of N. tabacum and the three large
      subunit polypeptides of an Australian species, probably N. megalosiphon. This
      indicates a changed chloroplast genome in the male sterile line in comparison to
      the normal fertile N. tabacum.

PMID- 1200979
TI  - A simple method for the quantitation of isozyme patterns.
AB  - Isozyme patterns may be analyzed quantitatively, without the use of a
      densitometer, by performing serial twofold dilutions of a sample to a visual end
      point. The specific activity (S) of a given dehydrogenase isozyme can be assessed
      in the presence of other isozymes catalyzing the same reaction, by (1)
      determining the isozyme titer (T) (defined as mg protein/ml in the last visible
      band) and (2) applying the formula S = K/T, where K is 1.6 X 10(-3) units/ml in
      the last visible band. The units/ml (U) in the starting material can be
      calculated from the equation U = K (2)n-1, where n is the number of the slot
      producing the last visible band.

PMID- 1200978
TI  - Hemoglobin synthesis studies of a family with alpha-thalassemia trait and sickle
      cell trait.
AB  - The ratio of total globin alpha to beta chain synthesis was determined in
      reticulocytes isolated from the blood of the members of a black family, some of
      whom had sickle cell trait with low blood HbS concentrations (25-30%). The
      results support the hypothesis that sickle cell trait individuals with low HbS
      concentrations also carry a gene for alpha-thalassemia.

PMID- 1200980
TI  - Use of internal standards in electrophoretic surveys of enzyme polymorphism.

PMID- 1200981
TI  - 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) genetics in the mouse: linkage with
      metabolically related enzyme loci.
AB  - An electrophoretic polymorphism of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) has
      been observed in the subspecies Mus musculus musculus from northern Denmark. M.
      m. musculus is interfertile with inbred strains of mice, and F1 hybrids with
      C57BL/6J show a three-banded phenotype. This pattern is consistent with a dimeric
      enzyme structure with codominant expression of alleles. In backcrosses and the F2
      generation, PGD segregated as a singly autosomal gene, designated Pgd, closely
      linked to Gpd-1 on chromosome 4(1.7 +/- 1.1%). Both gene products are dimers,
      both require NADP, and these enzymes catalyze sequential steps in metabolism.

PMID- 1200982
TI  - Regulation of branched-chain amino acid oxidation in isolated muscles, nerves and
      aortas of rats.
AB  - 1. The oxidation of the three branched-chain amino acids was regulated in
      parallel fashion in rat tissues studied in vitro. 2. With 0.1 mM-[1
      14C]isoleucine as substrate in the presence of 5.5 mM-glucose, 14CO2 production
      was 0.6 mumol/2 h per g in the aorta, 0.3 in peripheral nerve, 0.2 in muscle and
      0.13 in spinal cord. 3. The ratio 14C oxidized/14C incorporated into proteins
      with 0.1 mM-[1-14C]leucine was 1.3 in hemidiaphragms, 3.3 in sciatic nerve and
      1.0 in nerves undergoing Wallerian degeneration. Leucine oxidation decreased only
      slightly during degeneration, but protein synthesis doubled. 4. Hemidiaphragms
      incubated with [1-14C]leucine or 4-methyl-2-oxo[1-14C]pentanoate increased 14CO2
      production 7-9-fold as substrate concentration was increased from 0.1 to 0.5 mM;
      under the same conditions 14CO2 production by nerves increased only 2-3-fold. 5.
      2-Oxoglutarate stimulated the oxidation of the branched-chain amino acids by
      muscles and peripheral nerves and the oxidation of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate by
      hemidiaphragms but not by nerves. 6. Octanoate (0.1-1.0 mM) markedly stimulated
      the oxidation of branched-chain amino acids and of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate in
      hemidiaphragms, but inhibited oxidation of both by peripheral nerves and spinal
      cord. In aortas, oxidation of isoleucine (the only substance tested) was
      inhibited by octanoate. 7. The effects of octanoate and 2-oxoglutarate on leucine
      oxidation by hemidiaphragms were additive at low concentrations. When maximally
      stimulating concentrations of either agent were used, addition of the other was
      ineffective. 8. Pyruvate inhibited the oxidation of branched-chain amino acids
      and 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate in all tissues tested. 9. Insulin did not affect the
      oxidation of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate by muscles or nerves. 10. The oxidative
      decarboxylation of the branched-chain alpha-oxo acids is suggested as a
      regulatory site of branched-chain amino acid oxidation. Differences in regulation
      between muscle on the one hand, and nerve and aorta on the other, are discussed.

PMID- 1200983
TI  - Sialic acid in crude myelin fractions from rat brain.
AB  - Protein- and lipid-bound sialic acid was assayed in myelin fractions isolated by
      four different methods from rat brain homogenates. The extent to which non-myelin
      cellular membranes contaminate these fractions was assessed by electron
      microscopy and marker-enzyme assays. Small amounts of sialic acid found in the
      least contaminated myelin fractions are considered to be constituents of axonal
      and satellite cell plasma membranes known to be present. The data are discussed
      with reference to the ultrastructural appearance of myelin.

PMID- 1200984
TI  - Early ribonucleic acid synthesis during the germination of rye (Secale cereale)
      embryos and the relationship to early protein synthesis.
AB  - Incorporation studies with radioactive precursors showed that synthesis of
      protein and RNA is initiated in germinating embryos of rye within the first hour
      of imbibition of water. By polyacrylamide-gel fractionations of radioactive
      nucleic acid components, the appearance of products of transcription of the
      genome was shown to follow the sequence: heterogeneous (ribonuclease-sensitive)
      RNA, 4S and 5S RNA by 20min, 31S and 25S rRNA by 40min, and 18S RNA by 60min.
      "Fingerprint' analysis of T1-ribonuclease digests show that all the large
      oligonucleotides present in 25S and 18S RNA are present in the 31S species,
      indicating that 31S RNA is the precursor rRNA molecule to both 25S and 18S RNA.
      The importance of these early RNA syntheses and in particular the possible
      template function of the heterogeneous RNA is discussed in relation to the
      concept of long-lived mRNA and the coding for protein synthesis in the first
      hours of germination.

PMID- 1200985
TI  - The nature and control of the tricarboxylate cycle in beetle flight muscle.
AB  - The only exogenous substrates oxidized by mitochondria isolated from the flight
      muscle of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) are proline, pyruvate and
      glycerol 3-phosphate. The highest rate of oxygen consumption is obtained with
      proline. The oxidation of proline leads to the production of more NH3 than
      alanine, indicating a functioning glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.2). Studies
      of mitochondrial extracts confirm the presence of a very active glutamate
      dehydrogenase, and this enzyme is found to be activated by ADP and inhibited by
      ATP. These extracts also show high alanine aminotransferase activity (EC 2.6.1.2)
      and a uniquely active "malic' enzyme (EC 1.1.1.39). The "malic' enzyme is
      activated by succinate and inhibited by ATP and by pyruvate. It is suggested that
      the input of tricarboxylate-cycle intermediate from proline oxidation is balanced
      by the formation of pyruvate from malate, and the complete oxidation of the
      majority of the pyruvate. Studies of the steady-state concentrations of
      mitochondrial CoASH and CoA thioesters during proline oxidation show a high
      succinyl (3-carboxypropionyl)-CoA content which falls on activating respiration
      with ADP. There is a concomitant rise in CoASH. However, the reverse transition,
      from state-3 to state-4 respiration, causes only very slight changes in
      acylation. The reasons for this are discussed. Studies of the mitochondrial
      content of glutamate, 2-oxoglutarate, malate, pyruvate, citrate and isocitrate
      during the same phases of proline oxidation give results consistent with control
      at the level of glutamate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase during
      proline oxidation, with the possibility of further control at "malic' enzyme.
      During the oxidation of pyruvate all of the tricarboxylate-cycle intermediates
      and NAD(P)H follow the pattern of changes described in the blowfly (Johnson &
      Hansford, 1975; Hansford, 1974) and isocitrate dehydrogenase is identified as the
      primary site of control.?2OAuthor

PMID- 1200986
TI  - Colchicine binding to bovine anterior pituitary slices and inhibition of growth
      hormone release.
AB  - The uptake of [ring C-methoxyl-3H]colchicine into bovine anterior pituitary
      slices was studied. The data suggest that more than one site exists for the
      binding of colchicine. At low concentrations colchicine binds to saturable
      trypsin-sensitive site(s), with a dissociation constant of 3.1 +/- 0.69 mug. The
      binding capacity of these sites is 8.58 +/- 0.60 pmol of colchicine/mg of wet
      pituitary. At higher colchicine concentrations binding occurs predominantly to
      sites which exhibit non-saturation kinetics. Subcellular fractionation of
      colchicine-labelled slices shows that 90% of the saturable sites are present in
      the fraction containing cytosol, where the binding protein has a molecular weight
      of about 11.9 x 10(4) and constitutes 0.7% of the protein present. The nuclear
      fraction contains 10% of the saturable sites, and the mitochondria and granule
      fraction contain only non-saturable sites. The rate of colchicine uptake was
      studied at 0.84 mm- and 2mum-colchicine. At both concentrations the colchicine
      space exceeded the total tissue water within 10 min. Equilibration with the
      saturable binding sites was complete in 120 min at 2mum-colchicine. A
      concentration of colchicine (13.4 mum) which would give 81% maximum binding was
      found to decrease the length of observable microtubules in tissue fixed at 37
      degrees C in glutaraldehyde by 83 +/- 4%. The colchicine-binding protein could be
      partially purified by using a standard procedure for isolation of brain tubulin.
      Colchicine inhibits the release of growth hormone in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1
      methylxanthine (0.1 mm), but does not alter basal release. The concentration
      dependence of colchicine inhibition is similar to that of colchicine binding, but
      maximum inhibition is only 35%.

PMID- 1200987
TI  - Turnover of carnitine by rat tissues.
AB  - Radioactive carnitine, in the form of L-[methyl-3H]carnitine, was administered
      intravenously to male rats and the specific radioactivity of carnitine in blood
      plasma and 13 tissues was measured for 16 days. There was no evidence of
      metabolism of carnitine to other compounds. A compartmental analysis was made by
      comparing the variation with time of the specific radioactivity of each tissue
      with one of two models. Kidney, heart and epididymal fat were best represented as
      containing a single compartment of carnitine, whereas spleen, liver, lung,
      adrenal, prostate, seminal vesicle, pancreas, muscle, testis and brain were best
      represented in terms of two compartments each exchanging carnitine with blood
      plasma. Estimates were obtained of the turnover times of carnitine in the
      individual tissue compartments as well as the fluxes across each compartment
      boundary. Analysis of the variation in the specific radioactivity of carnitine in
      urine and blood plasma. Estimates were obtained of the turnover times of
      carnitine in the individual tissue compartments as well as the fluxes across each
      compartment boundary. Analysis of the variation in the specific radioactivity of
      carnitine in urine and blood plasma indicated an average total excretion rate of
      carnitine of 10.4mumol/day, of which about 3.2mumol was found in the urine.

PMID- 1200990
TI  - Effect of modification of thyroid function on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation
      in rat liver.
AB  - Hepatic activities of cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation
      were determined in hyper- and hypo-thyroid rats after oral administration of
      glucose or cholesterol. Increases in activities of both cholesterol synthesis and
      cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation induced by glucose administration were enhanced
      by pretreatment with thyroid powder but suppressed by pretreatment with
      thiouracil. The enhancement of 7 alpha-hydroxylation was produced by a relatively
      small amount of thyroid powder, but high doses were required to increase
      cholesterol synthesis. On the other hand, the suppression of 7 alpha
      hydroxylation was brought about by a low dose of thiouracil, but high doses were
      required to decrease cholesterol synthesis. Although cholesterol synthesis
      increased similarly in both hypo- and hyper-thyroid rats after glucose
      administration, hydroxylase activity in hypothyroid rats began to increase more
      slowly and was always lower than that in hyperthyroid rats. Thus it is concluded
      that cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity is more sensitive to thyroid
      function than are activities of cholesterol-synthetic enzymes. When exogenous
      cholesterol was given, hypothyroid rats showed a larger increase in serum
      cholesterol concentration than hyperthyroid rats, and there was an inverse
      relationship between serum cholesterol concentrations and hepatic cholesterol 7
      alpha-hydroxylase activities.

PMID- 1200989
TI  - Evidence that circularly dichroic chlorophyll forms a-682 and a-710 are oriented
      at right angles to the thylakoid membranes of whole chloroplasts, and that the
      circular dichroism is light-dependent.
AB  - Chloroplasts from the pea (Pisum sativum L.) suspended in iso-osmotic buffered
      medium were oriented by flow in specially constructed cuvettes and examined for
      circular dichroism (c.d.). In one cuvette the flow was transverse to the
      direction of the light-path, but the other cuvette was designed so that flow and
      the light-path were coaxial. The induced orientation is such that the
      chloroplasts appear to move edgewise. C.d. was maximum when the light-path lay in
      the plane of the chloroplast disc. The intense c.d. of intact chloroplasts
      ascribed by Gregory & Raps [Biochem. J. (1974) 142, 193-201] to bulk chlorophyll
      a was found to contain two components, one the split-exciton type centred at
      682nm and the other a simple maximum at 700-710 nm. The chlorophyll a-710 form
      was distinguished by its greater dependence on chloroplast orientation. The
      preferred direction of the transition moment in both chlorophyll forms was at
      right angles to the plane of the chloroplast, that is, at right angles to the
      plane of the thylakoids. This is in conflict with several reports based on
      polarization of fluorescence. It is suggested that the present effect is due to
      thylakoid-thylakoid interaction. Evidence for this is the reversible diminution
      in the c.d. signal caused by illumination in the presence of electron-transport
      reagents. It is argued that the c.d. is an indicator of chlorophyll movement, or
      changes in the thylakoid-thylakoid distance, possibly related to ion movement,
      affecting energy transfer between photosynthetic units.

PMID- 1200988
TI  - Drugs affecting the synthesis of glycerides and phospholipids in rat liver. The
      effects of clofibrate, halofenate, fenfluramine, amphetamine, cinchocaine,
      chlorpromazine, demethylimipramine, mepyramine and some of their derivatives.
AB  - The effects on glycerolipid synthesis of a series of compounds including many
      drugs were investigated in cell-free preparations and slices of rat liver. p
      Chlorobenzoate, p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate, halofenate, D-amphetamine,
      adrenaline, procaine and N-[2-(4-chloro-3
      sulphamoylbenzoyloxy)ethyl]norfenfluramine had little inhibitory effect on any of
      the systems investigated. Two amphiphilic anions, clofenapate and 2-(p
      chlorophenyl)-2-(m-trifluoromethylphenoxy)acetate, both inhibited glycerol
      phosphate acyltransferase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase at approx. 1.6 and
      0.7 mm respectively. Clofenapate (1 mm) also inhibited the incorporation of
      glycerol into lipids by rat liver slices without altering the relative
      proportions of the different lipids synthesized. The amphilic amines, mepyramine,
      fenfluramine, norfenfluramine, hydroxyethylnorfenfluramine, N-(2
      benzoyloxyethyl)norfenfluramine, cinchocaine, chlorpromazine and
      demethylimipramine inhibited phosphatidate phosphohydrolase by 50% at
      concentrations between 0.2 and 0.9 mm. The last four compounds inhibited glycerol
      phosphate acyltransferase by 50% at concentrations between 1 and 2.6 mm. None of
      the amines examined appeared to be an effective inhibitor of diacylglycerol
      acyltransferase. Norfenfluramine, hydroxyethylnorfenfluramine and N-(2
      benzoyloxyethyl)norfenfluramine produced less inhibition of glycerol
      incorporation into total lipids than was observed with equimolar clofenapate. The
      major effect of these amines in liver slices was to inhibit triacylglycerol and
      phosphatidylcholine synthesis and to produce a marked accumulation of
      phosphatidate. The results are discussed in terms of the control of glycerolipid
      synthesis. They partly explain the observed effects of the various drugs on lipid
      metabolism. The possible use of these compounds as biochemical tools with which
      to investigate the reactions of glycerolipid synthesis is considered.

PMID- 1200991
TI  - Enzymological aspects of the pathways for trimethylamine oxidation and C1
      assimilation of obligate methylotrophs and restricted facultative methylotrophs.
AB  - Extracts of trimethylamine-grown W6A and W3A1 (type M restricted facultative
      methylotrophs) contain trimethylamine dehydrogenase whereas similar extracts of
      Bacillus PM6 and Bacillus S2A1 (type L restricted facultative methylotrophs)
      contain trimethylamine mono-oxygenase and trimethylamine N-oxide demethylase but
      no trimethylamine dehydrogenase. Extracts of the restricted facultatives and of
      the obligate methylotroph C2A1 contain hexulose phosphate synthase-hexulose
      phosphate isomerase activity; hydroxypyruvate reductase was not detected. Neither
      the restricted facultatives nor the obligates 4B6 and C2A1 contain all the
      enzymes of the hexulose phosphate cycle of formaldehyde assimilation as
      originally proposed by Kemp & Quayle (1967). Organisms PM6 and S2A1 lack
      transaldolase and use a modified cycle involving sedoheptulose 1,7-diphosphate
      and sedoheptulose diphosphatase. The obligates 4B6 and C2A1, and the type M
      organisms W6A and W3A1, use a different modification of the assimilatory hexulose
      phosphate cycle involving the Entner-Doudoroff-pathway enzymes phosphogluconate
      dehydratase and phospho-2-keto-3-deoxygluconate aldolase. The lack of fructose
      diphosphate aldolase and hexose diphosphatase in these organisms may be a partial
      explanation of their restricted growth-substrate range. Enzymological evidence
      suggests that all the obligates and the restricted facultatives use a
      dissimilatory hexulose phosphate cycle to accomplish the complete oxidation of
      formaldehyde to CO2 and water.

PMID- 1200992
TI  - Chemical carcinogenesis in the nervous system. Preferential accumulation of O6
      methylguanine in rat brain deoxyribonucleic acid during repetitive administration
      of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.
AB  - The alkylation of purine bases in DNA of several rat tissues was determined
      during weekly injections (10 mg/kg) of N-[3H]methyl-N-nitrosourea, a dose
      schedule known to selectively induce tumours of the nervous system. Each group of
      animals was killed 1 week after the final injection, and the DNA hydrolysates
      were analysed by chromatography on Sephadex G-10. After five weekly applications,
      O6-methylguanine had accumulated in brain DNA to an extent which greatly exceeded
      that in kidney, spleen and intestine. In the liver, the final O6-methylguanine
      concentration was less than 1% of that in brain. Between the first and the fifth
      injection, the O6-methylguanine/7-methylguanine ratio in cerebral DNA increased
      from 0.28 to 0.68. In addition, 3-methylguanine was found to accumulate in brain
      DNA whereas in the other organs no significant quantities of this base were
      detectable. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that O6-alkylation of
      guanine in DNA plays a major role in the induction of tumours by N-methyl-N
      nitrosourea and related carcinogens. The kinetics of the increase of O6
      methylguanine in cerebral DNA suggest that there is no major cell fraction in the
      brain which is capable of excising chemically methylated bases from DNA. This
      repair deficiency could be a determining factor in the selective induction of
      nervous-system tumours by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and other neuro-oncogenic
      compounds.

PMID- 1200993
TI  - Essentiality of ubiquinone for choline oxidation in rat liver mitochondria.
AB  - Rat liver mitochondria treated extensively with n-pentane are incapable of
      oxidizing choline. Choline oxidation is more sensitive than is succinate
      oxidation to serial n-pentane extraction of mitochondria. The ability to oxidize
      choline is restored by the addition of ubiquinone-2 or ubiquinone-10 to the
      oxidase assay medium.

PMID- 1200994
TI  - Determination of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose and mechanism of formation of
      chromogens.
AB  - A method for the colorimetric determination of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose
      was developed. The procedure is based on the high reactivity of the aldehyde
      group of this amidosugar with pentane-2,4-dione in anhydrous alkaline conditions.
      The product of reaction was crystallized and the structure 1-C-acetonyl-2
      acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactitol was deduced from chemical evidence. When the N
      acetyl group of this compound is split off by hydrolysis, the formation of
      pyrrole groups ensues by condensation of the free amino group with the carbonyl
      group of the chain at C-1. 2-Methylpyrrole was isolated by steam distillation
      after mild alkaline hydrolysis and estimated by reaction with p
      dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. A more complex pyrrole is formed during acid
      hydrolysis under the conditions used in the direct Ehrlich reaction.

PMID- 1200996
TI  - Conformational energy calculations for dinucleotide molecules. A study of the
      component mononucleotide adenosine 3'-monophosphate.
AB  - Semi-empirical conformational energy calculations were performed for the
      mononucleotides 5'-AMP, NMN+ and 3'-AMP. Only intramolecular forces are
      considered. Essentially all conformational states were explored to investigate
      the population distribution likely to be found in a non-crystalline environment.
      The calculations suggest that 5'-AMP and 3'-AMP are relatively flexible and a
      mixture of conformational states is expected. In contrast, the results for NMN+
      suggest that a strong electrostatic interaction between the positively charged
      nicotinamide nitrogen atom and negatively charged phosphate oxygen is possible,
      stabilizing a few specific states. This interaction will be most significant in a
      solvent-free situation or an apolar environment.

PMID- 1200995
TI  - The stereospecificity of sequential nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-dependent
      oxidoreductases in relation to the evolution of metabolic sequences.
AB  - The generalization that 'when a metabolic sequence involves consecutive
      nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-dependent reactions, the dehydrogenases have
      the same stereospecificity' was tested and confirmed for three metabolic
      sequences. (1) NAD+-xylitol (D-xylulose) dehydrogenase and NADP+-xylitol (L
      xylulose) dehydrogenase are both B-specific. (2) D-Mannitol 1-phosphate
      dehydrogenase and D-sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase are both B-specific. (3)
      meso Tartrate dehydrogenase and oxaloglycollate reductive decarboxylase are both
      A-specific. Other dehydrogenases associated with the metabolism of meso-tartrate
      in Pseudomonas putida, such as hydroxypyruvate reductase and tartronate
      semialdehyde reductase, were also shown to be A-specific. Malate dehydrogenase
      from Pseudomonas putida was A-specific, and the proposition is discussed that the
      common A-stereospecificity among the dehydrogenases involved in meso-tartrate
      metabolism reflects their origin from malate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1200997
TI  - Studies on mixed monolayers of phospholipids and fusogenic lipids.
AB  - 1. The behaviour of mixed monolayers of 14 different lipids with preparations of
      erythrocyte lipids, purified natural and synthetic phospholipids, cholesterol and
      galactosylceramide was investigated. 2. The mean areas occupied per molecule in
      mixed films containing lipids that are fusogenic for hen erythrocytes were
      compared with those for corresponding films containing lipids that are inactive
      as fusogens. 3. Fusogenic lipids were found to exhibit interactions, which were
      not shown by non-fusogenic lipids, in mixed monolayers with several species of
      phospholipid, particularly those containing a choline head group. 4.
      Heterogeneity in the hydrophobic chains of phosphatidylcholine, their degree of
      unsaturation and the presence of cholesterol had little effect on the interaction
      of phosphatidylcholine with fusogenic lipids. 5. Fusogenic lipids showed little
      specific interaction with natural or synthetic preparations of
      phosphatidylethanolamine. 6. The possible significance of these observations in
      relation to the action of fusogenic lipids on biological membranes is discussed
      in the light of the asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids in erythrocyte
      membranes.

PMID- 1200998
TI  - Studies on the Arylsulphatase and phenol sulphotransferase activities of
      Aspergillus oryzae.
AB  - 1. Crude extracts of Aspergillus oryzae grown under conditions of sulphur
      limitation possess high arylsulphatase activity. 2. This activity can be greatly
      enhanced by the inclusion of tyramine or a number of other phenols in the assay
      medium. 3. The arylsulphatase activity of these extracts can be resolved into
      three distinct fractions by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. 4. The effect of
      tyramine is restricted to one of these fractions only. 5. Evidence is presented
      which indicates that this effect is the consequence of a phenol sulphotransferase
      activity, which shows no requirement for 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate as a
      cofactor, and which will not transfer sulphate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'
      sulphatophosphate to potential phenolic acceptors. 6. The three enzymes differ
      also in their molecular weights and substrate specificities.

PMID- 1200999
TI  - The relationship between the deoxyribonucleic acid-bound and low-molecular-weight
      soluble forms of Halobacterium cutirubrum deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent
      ribonucleic acid polymerase.
AB  - 1. Slow, spontaneous lysis of Halobacterium cutirubrum in 3 M-KCl yields DNA
      dependent RNA polymerase as a complex with DNA that sediments completely at 45
      000g. 2. Controlled deoxyribonuclease digestion of the complex, with or without
      subsequent sonication, releases the enzyme quantitatively in a soluble form that
      passes through ultrafilters with a molecular-weight exclusion limit of 50 000. 3.
      Purification of the active ultrafiltrate by gel filtration and hydroxyapatite
      chromatography gives a high yield of the purified alpha and beta subunits. 4. The
      low mol.wt. (17 800-19 000) of the soluble enzyme was confirmed by gel filtration
      and is unchanged by sonication of the DNA-enzyme complex. 5. A new assay
      applicable to both forms of the enzyme was developed. 6. The bivalent-cation
      requirement of the soluble form depends on the buffer concentration. 7. Both the
      DNA-enzyme complex and the low-molecular-weight soluble forms of the polymerase
      catalyse formation of short RNA chains only.

PMID- 1201000
TI  - Structural studies on wheat (Triticum aestivum) proteins lacking phenylalanine
      and histidine residues.
AB  - 1. Three very similar proteins, each of approx. 120 amino acid residues but
      lacking phenylalanine and histidine, were isolated from wheat (Triticum aestivum)
      flour in sufficient quantities for further structural studies. 2. Each protein,
      after reduction and carboxymethylation, was cleaved at the three methionine
      residues with CNBr to give four major peptides, which were isolated. These
      peptides are suitable for future sequencing studies, as the sums of their amino
      acid compositions are in good agreement with those of the whole proteins. 3. The
      N- and C-terminal peptides were identified. 4. Evidence from amino acid analyses,
      N-terminal amino acids and electrophoretic mobilities of the peptides suggests a
      high degree of homology between the proteins. Definite differences in C-terminal
      amino acids and the number of glycine, alanine and arginine residues were found
      in the C-terminal peptides.

PMID- 1201002
TI  - A comparison of seven methods for fitting the Michaelis-Menten equation.
AB  - The Michaelis-Menten equation was fitted to simulated data containing different
      sorts of error by using the three linear transformations, and the methods of S.
      R. Cohen [Anal. Biochem. (1968) 22, 549-552], R. Eisenthal & A. Cornish-Bowden
      [Biochem. J. (1974) 139, 715-120], F. de M. Merino [Biochem. J. 143, 93-95] and
      G. N. Wilkinson [Biochem. J. (1961) 808 324-332). The best methods were those of
      Eisenthal & Cornish-Bowden (1974) and Wilkinson (1961).

PMID- 1201001
TI  - The induction of metallothionein in rat liver by zinc injection and restriction
      of food intake.
AB  - The isolation of two forms of hepatic zinc-thioneins after either zinc injection
      into rats or partial restriction of their food intake is described. The proteins
      differed slightly in their amino acid composition and electrophoretic mobilities.
      Increases in liver zinc content after both treatments were synchronous with, and
      associated almost completely with, increased zinc-binding to these proteins. The
      time-course for the appearance and disappearance of the zinc proteins is shown.
      It is suggested that metallothionein is involved in the normal metabolism of
      zinc, perhaps in some temporary storage or detoxication capacity.

PMID- 1201003
TI  - Reduction of disulphide bonds in proteins mixed disulphides catalysed by a
      thioltransferase in rat liver cytosol.
AB  - The reduction of mixed disulphides of some proteins and GSH [Protein(-SSG)n] is
      accomplished with GSH as a reductant and a thioltransferase from rat liver as a
      catalyst, thus: See article. The spontaneous reaction is negligible in comparison
      with the enzymic reaction in vivo, and any direct reduction with glutathione
      reductase is not detectable with the substrates used. The reduction is only
      indirectly dependent on NADPH, which is required for the regeneration of GSH from
      GSSG. Other protein disulphides apparently are reduced via analogous GSH
      dependent reactions

PMID- 1201004
TI  - Specific binding sites for 5-hydroxytryptamine on rat blood platelets.
AB  - 5-Hydroxytryptamine changes the shape of rat blood platelets by combination with
      a cinanserin-sensitive receptor which is not associated with the active uptake of
      5-hydroxytryptamine. Binding of 5-hydroxy[3H]tryptamine to platelets at 4 degrees
      C demonstrates the presence of three saturable sites, and the highest-affinity
      site is apparently this 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor.

PMID- 1201005
TI  - The early enhancement of rat liver deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic
      acid polymerase II activity by tri-iodothyronine.
AB  - It is shown that tri-iodothyronine injected intravenously into thyroidectomized
      rats induces an early and transient activation of rat liver RNA polymerase II
      which could be demonstrated to occur 40-80 min after hormonal treatment. There
      was a simultaneous increase in the concentration of acidic proteins bound to
      chromatin.

PMID- 1201006
TI  - Effect of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid on gluconeogenesis and gluconeogenic
      metabolite concentrations in the isolated perfused rat liver.
AB  - 3-Mercaptopicolinic acid inhibited gluconeogenesis from lactate and alanine, but
      not dihydroxyacetone, in the perfused rat liver. Hepatic metabolite
      concentrations suggested that gluconeogenesis was inhibited at
      phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. The compound is very effective at low
      concentrations, and seems an ideal agent for use in studying metabolic regulation
      involving gluconeogenesis and anaplerotic mechanisms.

PMID- 1201007
TI  - The accumulation of aspartate in the presence of ethanol in rat liver.
AB  - 1. Isolated hepatocytes were used to establish the reasons for the accumulation
      of aspartate, previously observed when the isolated rat liver was perfused with
      ethanol in the presence of alanine or ammonium lactate. 2. The isolated cells did
      not form aspartate when incubated with alanine and ethanol, but much aspartate
      was formed on incubation with ammonium lactate and ethanol. 3. Urea was the main
      nitrogenous product on incubation with alanine, in contrast with the perfused
      liver, where major quantities of NH4+ are also formed. When the formation of urea
      was nullified by the addition of urease, alanine plus ethanol caused aspartate
      formation, indicating that aspartate formation depends on the presence of
      critical concentrations of NH4+. 4. The accumulated aspartate was present in the
      cytosol. Ethanol halved the content of 2-oxoglutarate in the cytosol and more
      than trebled that of glutamate in the mitochondria. 5. The findings support the
      assumption that 2-oxoglutarate formed by the mitochondrial aspartate
      aminotransferase is not translocated to the cytosol in the presence of ethanol
      and NH4+, because it is rapidly converted into glutamate, the dehydrogenation of
      ethanol providing the required NADH. Aspartate, however, is translocated to the
      cytosol and accumulates there because of the lack of stoicheiometric amounts of
      oxoglutarate.

PMID- 1201008
TI  - Rapid separation of isolated hepatocytes or similar tissue fragments for analysis
      of cell constituents.
AB  - A simple device is described for the rapid centrifugal separation of isolated
      hepatocytes or similar tissue fragments from the suspending medium. Rapid
      separation is essential if meaningful information on the concentrations of cell
      constituents and their distribution between cell and suspension medium is to be
      obtained. The usefulness of the technique is illustrated by measurements of
      hepatocyte constituents (glutamate, aspartate, alanine, K+) which show large
      concentration gradients against the extracellular medium.

PMID- 1201009
TI  - Surface labelling for human tumour KB cells. Iodination and fractionation of
      membrane glycoproteins.
AB  - 1. Human tumour KB cells growing in suspension culture were labelled by
      lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination. Several major radioactively labelled
      proteins were detected by poly-acrylamide-gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl
      sulphate. 2. After reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol the major radioactive
      electrophoretic bands migrated as substances with apparent molecular weights of
      about 90,000, 70,000, 60,000, 50,000 and 34,000 and corresponded closely to the
      positions at which the major glycosylated polypeptide subunits of KB-cell
      homogenates migrated during electrophoresis under the same conditions. 3. All the
      iodinated protein bands except one were present in purified preparations of KB
      plasma membranes. 4. Most of the 50,000-molecular-weight species, supposedly a
      surface protein component labelled during iodination of intact and viable KB
      cells by a non-penetrating enzyme reagent, appeared in a crude nuclear pellet
      during fractionation. 5. The glyco-protein nature of the major external iodinated
      species of KB cells was confirmed by adsorption chromatography of these
      substances, dissolved in low concentrations of Triton X-100, on a lectin
      Sepharose column. Two major enzyme markers of the KB plasma membrane, 5'
      nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase were also found to be glycoproteins. 6.
      Enzyme-catalysed incorporation of radioactive iodine into a fraction of low
      molecular weight and soluble in chloroform-methanol mixtures also occurred during
      lactoperoxidase treatment of intact KB cells. The partial characterization of
      this fraction is briefly described.

PMID- 1201011
TI  - The early synthesis and possible function of a 0.5 X 10(6) Mr RNA after transfer
      of dark-grown Spirodela plants to light.

PMID- 1201010
TI  - The role of intermediates in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.
AB  - 1. Rat liver mitochondria oxidizing [16-14C]palmitoylcarnitine accumulate
      saturated long-chain thiester intermediates which may be detected by radio
      g.1.c.2. Time-courses of intermediate accumulation display no product-precursor
      relationships and the end product, measured as [14C]citrate, is produced without
      a detectable initial lag. 3. A short pulse of [16-14C]palmitoylcarnitine followed
      by unlabelled palmitoylcarnitine showed that the observed intermediates(at least
      in the greater part)were not the direct precursors of [14C]citrate. 4. The
      quantity of saturated intermediates depended on the total accumulated flux of
      acyl units through the pathway provided that some mitochondrial CoA and unused
      substrate remained. 5. In the presence of rotenone and carnitine, 2-unsaturated,
      3-unsaturated and 3-hydroxy intermediates were formed as well as saturated
      intermediates...

PMID- 1201012
TI  - Effect of chloramphenicol and cycloheximide on the formation of mitochondrial
      specific thymidine kinase isozymes in HeLa(BU25) cells.

PMID- 1201013
TI  - Further identification of the nature and linkage of the carbohydrate in
      hemoglobin A1c.

PMID- 1201015
TI  - Partial reduction of disulfide bonds in the hormone-specific subunits of TSH and
      LH.

PMID- 1201014
TI  - Effect of lipoprotein on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA)
      reductase activity in rat liver cell culture: special suppressant effect of a
      lipoprotein isolated from hypercholesterolemic rat plasma.

PMID- 1201016
TI  - Sites of cleavage of glucagon by insulin-glucagon protease.

PMID- 1201017
TI  - Cryptic form of mRNA in dormant Artemia salina cysts.

PMID- 1201018
TI  - Partial characterization of a new basic nuclear protein from rat testis elongated
      spermatids.

PMID- 1201019
TI  - Futile cycles in isolated perfused rat liver and in isolated rat liver
      parenchymal cells.

PMID- 1201020
TI  - Recovery from radiation-induced decrease in cell membrane charge by added
      adenosine triphosphate and its modification by colchicine or cytochalasin B.

PMID- 1201022
TI  - Studies on mechanism of double hydroxylation. I. Evidence for participation of
      NADH-cytochrome c reductase in the reaction of benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase (benzoate
      hydroxylase).

PMID- 1201021
TI  - Anti-complement activity of polynucleotides.

PMID- 1201023
TI  - The effect of oxygen on CO2 fixation by mesophyll protoplast extracts of C3 and
      C4 plants.

PMID- 1201025
TI  - A computer programme for the determination of the kinetic constants of two
      enzymes acting simultaneously on the same substrate.

PMID- 1201024
TI  - Catalytic inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid - alpha-ketoglutarate
      transaminase of bacterial origin by 4-aminohex-5-ynoic acid, a substrate analog.

PMID- 1201026
TI  - Cell-free synthesis of pigeon liver fatty acid synthetase.

PMID- 1201027
TI  - Structural evidence for a liver-specific glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1201028
TI  - Control of protein synthesis in reticulocyte lysates: the effect of nucleotide
      triphosphates on formation of the translational repressor.

PMID- 1201029
TI  - Absence of hyaluronidase in cultured human skin fibroblasts.

PMID- 1201030
TI  - Potent inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase by beta,gamma unsaturated substrate
      analogs.

PMID- 1201032
TI  - White noise measurement of squid axon membrane impedance.

PMID- 1201031
TI  - Optically detected zero field magnetic resonance studies of proflavine-DNA and
      3,4-benzpyrene-DNA complexes.

PMID- 1201033
TI  - Iodination of a mixture of soluble proteins by the (125I)-lactoperoxidase
      technique.

PMID- 1201034
TI  - A study of dithiothreitol inactivation of the enzyme rhodanese.

PMID- 1201035
TI  - Studies on S-adenosylmethionine:protein-carboxyl methyltransferase in the
      hypothalamo-neurohypophysial complex in organ culture.

PMID- 1201036
TI  - Effects of beta-bungarotoxin on mitochondrial respiration are caused by
      associated phospholipase A activity.

PMID- 1201037
TI  - An alpha-tocopherol binding protein in rat liver cytoplasm.

PMID- 1201038
TI  - Conspicuous degree of homology between the mitochondrial aspartate
      aminotransferases from chicken and pig heart.

PMID- 1201040
TI  - Abnormal response of glycolipid synthesis to temperature in transformed BHK cells
      thermosensitive for growth control.

PMID- 1201039
TI  - Concanavalin A induces endoreduplication in cultured mammalian cells.

PMID- 1201041
TI  - Purification and properties of cystathionine synthase from human liver.

PMID- 1201043
TI  - Concerning a possible mechanism for selective capture of cytoplasmic proteins by
      lysosomes.

PMID- 1201042
TI  - Liver-microsome-mediated formation of alkylating agents from vinyl bromide and
      vinyl chloride.

PMID- 1201044
TI  - Reaction of acyl carbazates with proteolytic enzymes.

PMID- 1201045
TI  - Serum hormone levels following partial hepatectomy in the rat.

PMID- 1201046
TI  - Contact versus energy transfer fluorescence quenching in the sulfur substituted
      form of the enzyme rhodanese: a study using cesium ion resolved emission spectra.

PMID- 1201047
TI  - Deficiency of steriod beta-glucosidase in Gaucher disease.

PMID- 1201048
TI  - Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes. XIII. Lack of mRNA (poly r (A))
      binding activity in highly purified EIF-1.

PMID- 1201049
TI  - A membrane glycoprotein-containing fraction which promotes all aggregation.

PMID- 1201050
TI  - Modification of the metabolism of rat epididymal spermatozoa by spermine.

PMID- 1201051
TI  - Biosynthesis of lysine-derived elastin crosslinks in aortic cell culture.

PMID- 1201052
TI  - Fluorescent labeling of the surface proteins of erythrocyte membranes using
      cycloheptaamylose-fluorescamine complex.

PMID- 1201053
TI  - Stimulation of triglyceride synthesis in mammalian liver and adipose tissue by
      two cytosolic compounds.

PMID- 1201055
TI  - Resolution and reconstitution of mitochondrial nicotinamide nucleotide
      transhydrogenase.

PMID- 1201054
TI  - Collagen crosslinking: isolation of hydroxyaldol-histidine, a naturally-occurring
      crosslink.

PMID- 1201056
TI  - Evidence for the activity of immobilised monomers of triose phosphate isomerase.

PMID- 1201057
TI  - Interrelationship of insulin and glucagon ratios on carbohydrate metabolism in
      isolated hepatocytes containing high glycogen.

PMID- 1201058
TI  - A reappraisal of the relationship of phosphate-acceptor protein to parvalbumins.

PMID- 1201059
TI  - Change of substrate specificity by polyamines of ribonucleases which hydrolyze
      ribonucleic acid at linkages attached to pyrimidine nucleotides.

PMID- 1201060
TI  - The stereospecificity of alcohol oxidases from Tanacetum vulgare and Candida
      boidinii.

PMID- 1201061
TI  - Absence of detectable RNA ligase activity in eukaryotic cells.

PMID- 1201062
TI  - Effect of beta-D-xylosides on collagen synthesis in cultured fibroblasts.

PMID- 1201063
TI  - Parathyroid mRNA directs the synthesis of pre-proparathyroid hormone and
      proparathyroid hormone in the Krebs ascites cell-free system.

PMID- 1201064
TI  - Purification and properties of cytochrome P-450(11beta) from adrenocortical
      mitochondria.

PMID- 1201065
TI  - Radioprotection of bone marrow stem cells by superoxide dismutase.

PMID- 1201066
TI  - Properties of liver mitochondria from iron-loaded rats.

PMID- 1201067
TI  - Effects of riboflavin deficiency on oxidative phosphorylation, flavin enzymes and
      coenzymes in rat liver.

PMID- 1201069
TI  - The hepatic clearance of circulating native and asialo carcinoembronic antigen by
      the rat.

PMID- 1201070
TI  - Ribosome bound RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: changes in total and specific
      activity during maturation of avian erythrocytes.

PMID- 1201068
TI  - Superoxide dismutase of bovine and frog rod outer segments.

PMID- 1201071
TI  - A role of thyroid hormones in differentiation of mouse mammary gland in vitro.

PMID- 1201072
TI  - Purification of bovine somatomedin.

PMID- 1201073
TI  - The reaction between diethylpyrocarbonate and sulfhydryl groups in carbocylate
      buffers.

PMID- 1201074
TI  - Isolation and characterization of microbodies and symphyomicrobodies with
      different buoyant densities from the fungus Blastocladiella emersonii.

PMID- 1201075
TI  - Characterization of microsomal electron transport components from control,
      phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene treated mice: II. Resolution and
      quantitation of cytochromes P-450 and P1-450 and the so-called "factor X" in SDS
      polyacrylamide gels of total microsomes.

PMID- 1201076
TI  - Reaction of polymer-heme complexes with carbon monoxide or molecular oxygen.

PMID- 1201077
TI  - UDPglucose 4-epimerase from Saccharomyces fragilis: desensitization with heat.

PMID- 1201078
TI  - Purification of glycogen phosphorylase by affinity chromatography on 5'-AMP
      Sepharose.

PMID- 1201079
TI  - A natural CD label to probe the structure of the purple membrane from
      Halobacterium halobium by means of exciton coupling effects.

PMID- 1201080
TI  - Superoxide dismutase activities of blood platelets in trisomy 21.

PMID- 1201081
TI  - Increase in glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes from trisomy 21
      subjects.

PMID- 1201082
TI  - Selective changes in methionine tRNA species during development of the posterior
      silkglands of Bombyx mori.

PMID- 1201083
TI  - Do antibody binding techniques identify polysomes synthesizing a specific
      protein?

PMID- 1201084
TI  - Abnormal lysosomal hydrolases excreted by cultured fibroblasts in I-cell disease
      (mucolipidosis II).

PMID- 1201085
TI  - Bone resorbing activities of 24-hydroxy stereoisomers of 24-hydroxyvitamin D3 and
      24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

PMID- 1201086
TI  - Evidence that a membrane bound lectin mediates fusion of L6 myoblasts.

PMID- 1201087
TI  - Specific binding of covalently cross-linked mouse nerve growth factor to
      responsive peripheral neurons.

PMID- 1201088
TI  - Preferential elution of non-membranous proteins incorporated into reaggregates of
      bacterial membranes.

PMID- 1201089
TI  - Steady-state kinetics of lactoperoxidase with ABTS as chromogen.

PMID- 1201090
TI  - Transaminase of brainched chain amino acids. X. High activity in stomach and
      pancreas.

PMID- 1201091
TI  - New DNA polymerase activity associated with nuclear membranes from a human
      lymphoid cell line.

PMID- 1201093
TI  - The effect of urea on staphylococcal nuclease digestion of chromatin.

PMID- 1201092
TI  - A Conformational study of beta-melanocyte-stimulation hormone.

PMID- 1201094
TI  - Overestimates of the size of poly(A) segments.

PMID- 1201095
TI  - Location and the primary structure around the disulfide bonds in cholera toxin.

PMID- 1201096
TI  - Integrity of proteins in reconstituted chromatin.

PMID- 1201097
TI  - Impaired initiation complex formation on ribosomes treated with colicin E3.

PMID- 1201098
TI  - Fluorescence energy transfer between active sites in aspartate transaminase.

PMID- 1201099
TI  - Reversal of the inhibitory action of the hemin-controlled translational repressor
      by a post-ribosomal supernatant factor from rabbit reticulocyte lysate.

PMID- 1201100
TI  - Promotion of DNA renaturation by a non-DNA factor in crown call tumor DNA
      preparation.

PMID- 1201101
TI  - A new method for determination of elastolytic activity using (14C) labeled
      elastin and its application to leukocytic elastase.

PMID- 1201102
TI  - Metal ion- and phosphate-mediated transport of glucose by insulin.

PMID- 1201103
TI  - Chromatographically different type II collagens from human normal and
      osteoarthritic cartilage.

PMID- 1201105
TI  - Antibodies to DNA in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Antibodies to double-stranded DNA (DSDNA) were found in 18 patients with RA, in 5
      patients with JRA, and in 5 patients with undiagnosed connective tissue disease.
      Five patients had clinical features consistent with both RA and SLE, 11 with only
      RA, and 5 with only JRA. Based on these observations, the presence of serum anti
      DSDNA antibodies should not be used as a sole criterion in the diagnosis of SLE.

PMID- 1201106
TI  - Ultrasonographic demonstration of popliteal cysts in rheumatoid arthritis. A
      noninvasive technique.
AB  - Ultrasound scanning techniques detected popliteal cysts in 14 of 24 knees
      affected with rheumatoid arthritis and associated with an anterior effusion.
      Serial scans demonstrated the persistence of cysts when effusion was not
      controlled by intraarticular steroid and lidocaine, and regression of cyst
      following control of effusion with anterior synovectomy. As the technique is
      noninvasive, painless, and reproducible, ultrasound scanning should be the
      technique of choice for the detection and assessment of popliteal cysts.

PMID- 1201104
TI  - Development of antibodies to ribonucleoprotein following short-term therapy with
      procainamide.
AB  - An autoimmune response to certain nuclear antigens frequently develops in
      patients receiving prolonged therapy with procainamide. In order to define events
      involved in the initiation of this immune response, patients with myocardial
      infarction were studied early after starting procainamide and at later times.
      Polynucleotide antibodies and circulating polynucleotide antigens were sought by
      sensitive assay techniques in the sera of these patients. Very high titers of
      antiribonucleoprotein developed selectively in the majority of these patients
      after short-term therapy with procainamide. Such antibodies were infrequent in
      the long-term therapy group, most of whose members exhibited anti-single-strand
      DNA and were symptomatic with overt procainamide-induced lupus. Patients with
      acute myocardial infarction who did not receive procainamide did not develop anti
      polynucleotide antibodies, but rather had high levels of free ribonucleoprotein
      antigen in their serum. Various interpretations of these data are discussed.

PMID- 1201107
TI  - Serum gold levels.

PMID- 1201108
TI  - Letter: Roentgenographic prevalence of chondrocalcinosis.

PMID- 1201109
TI  - Letter: Ibuprofen therapy.

PMID- 1201110
TI  - Letter: Side effect of ibuprofen therapy.

PMID- 1201111
TI  - Letter: Assessment of scleroderma skin involvement.

PMID- 1201112
TI  - Letter: Delayed visualization of popliteal cyst rupture.

PMID- 1201113
TI  - Clinical experiences.

PMID- 1201114
TI  - Purine metabolism.

PMID- 1201115
TI  - Epidemiology of hyperuricemia.

PMID- 1201116
TI  - Gout and hypertension.

PMID- 1201117
TI  - Prolonged hypouricemia associated with acute chlorprothixene ingestion.

PMID- 1201118
TI  - Genetic considerations of gout.
AB  - A great many genetic factors and genetic mechanisms are involved in the
      production of gouty arthritis. Genetic heterogeneity is to be expected in this
      disorder at all levels of expression. The genetic factors responsible for
      hyperuricemia, whether from gross overproduction of uric acid or from decreased
      renal excretion, can influence such practical matters as the selection of the
      proper therapy for control of the disease.

PMID- 1201119
TI  - Binding of urate by serum proteins.

PMID- 1201120
TI  - An overview of cellular and molecular mechanisms in cyrstal-induced inflammation.
AB  - In this account the authors have attempted to provide an introductory overview of
      the mechanisms of crystal-induced inflammation. More specific studies are given
      in other papers in this symposium. Like clinical gout itself, study of the sodium
      urate crystal has turned out to have a venerable heritage. Specific crystal
      identification has proved clinically useful.

PMID- 1201121
TI  - Chemical mediators of inflammation in acute gouty arthritis.

PMID- 1201122
TI  - Pathology of the synovial membrane in gout. Light and electron microscopic
      studies. Interpretation of crystals in electron micrographs.

PMID- 1201123
TI  - Renal excretion of uric acid.

PMID- 1201124
TI  - Postsecretory reabsorption of urate in man.
AB  - These results are consistent with a model for renal tubular transport of urate in
      which there is reabsorption of both filtered and secreted urate. Urate secretion
      greatly exceeds total urate excretion, and most secreted urate is reabsorbed. At
      least a portion of urate reabsorption occurs at a site distal to or coextensive
      with the urate secretory site. There appear to be at least two distinct
      reabsorptive mechanisms for urate. The results of the flow rate and vasopressin
      studies are consistent with the hypothesis that urate reabsorption occurs in both
      the distal and the proximal tubule in man. The distal reabsorptive site appears
      to be quite small. It may be passive since it does not appear to be inhibited by
      uricosuric drugs. This reabsorptive site may account for less than 15% of total
      urate reabsorption. Both volume expansion and probenecid may inhibit urate
      absorption only in the proximal tubule. Thus reabsorption in the proximal tubule
      coud account for more than 90% of total urate reabsorption. Reabsorption at the
      postulated collecting duct reabsorptive site appears to be too small in magnitude
      to account for all reabsorptions of secreted urate. This could be explained if
      the reabsorptive site in the proximal tubule is coextensive with or distal to the
      secretory site. Alternatively, there might be two reabsorptive sites in the
      proximal tubule: a presecretory site accounting for the reabsorption of most
      filtered urate, and a site either coextensive or distal to the secretory site
      accounting for a major component of reabsorption of secreted urate. Finally urate
      reabsorption would also take place in the collecting duct, perhaps at a passive,
      flow-dependent site.

PMID- 1201125
TI  - An analysis of the bidirectional transport of uric acid by the human nephron.

PMID- 1201126
TI  - Comments on the use of pyrazinamide.

PMID- 1201127
TI  - Experimental hyperuricemic nephropathy. A model for human urate deposition
      disease.

PMID- 1201128
TI  - The action of colchicine in acute gouty arthritis.

PMID- 1201129
TI  - Colchicine and new antiinflammatory drugs for the treatment of acute gout.

PMID- 1201130
TI  - Uricosuric agents.

PMID- 1201131
TI  - Pharmacology of allopurinol.

PMID- 1201132
TI  - Effects of oxipurinol on pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis in human lymphoblasts.

PMID- 1201133
TI  - The influence of allopurinol on renal function in gout.
AB  - Our data demonstrate that adequate control of uric acid production and serum acid
      concentration in primary gout arrests further deterioration of renal function and
      in some instances permits subsequent improvement in renal hemodynamic function
      even when renal impairment is clearly established. In considering the nature of
      the lesions of urate nephropathy, our study suggests that control of serum uric
      acid with drug therapy before renal involvement is apparent might prevent or
      significantly delay the morbidity and mortality of this complication of primary
      gout.

PMID- 1201135
TI  - Reading failure: a language-based problem.

PMID- 1201134
TI  - Directions and prospects for future research on gout.

PMID- 1201136
TI  - Audiology, the Association, and occupational hearing conservation.

PMID- 1201137
TI  - A profile of clinical supervisors in college and university speech and hearing
      training programs.

PMID- 1201138
TI  - Clinical service facilities survey.

PMID- 1201139
TI  - Decreasing the no-show rate in an urban speech and hearing clinic.

PMID- 1201140
TI  - The effect of hypercholesterolemia on aortic endothelium studied en face.
AB  - The aortic endothelium of rabbits fed a stock diet containing 1 or 2% cholesterol
      for intervals of 1 day to 21 weeks was compared with that of normal rabbits on a
      stock diet without cholesterol. The endothelium was examined en face using the
      Hautchen technique. The aortic endothelium of the experimental animals revealed
      an increase in stigmata and stomata, multinucleated giant cells and leukocytes
      particularly about sites of branching. These changes were also observed in the
      endothelium overlying lipid deposits but in addition, there was an increase in
      mitoses, an alteration in the orientation of endothelial cells and their nuclei,
      and a change in their argyrophilic staining properties. Closely related to the
      endothelium was an increasing number of foam cells which appeared to be derived
      from monocytic leukocytes.

PMID- 1201141
TI  - Effects of palm-kernel oil and sunflower-seed oil on serum lipids and
      atherogenesis in alloxan-diabetic rabbits.
AB  - Groups of metabolically normal (controls) and alloxan-diabetic adult female
      rabbits were fed semi-synthetic diets containing 40 cal % palm-kernel oil (PKO)
      or sunflower-seed oil (SSO) for 54 weeks. In contrast to control rabbits fed PKO
      diet, the alloxan-diabetic rabbits on this diet, developed no or only a
      negligible degree of atherosclerosis, although the serum levels of all lipid
      classes had increased in the diabetic rabbits above that of the controls during
      almost the whole experimental period. The diabetic rabbits and the controls fed
      SSO-diet were both free from any significant atherosclerotic involvement in spite
      of the fact that the SSO-diet appeared unable to suppress the very high levels of
      the various serum lipid classes induced by the diabetic state. On both diets, the
      diabetic rabbits showed a significantly higher cholesteryl linoleate/oleate ratio
      than the controls, which was caused by an increase in the cholesteryl linoleate
      level in the diabetics. No serious aorta atherosclerosis was found in rabbits
      with a cholesteryl linoleate/oleate ratio higher than 0.6, although no
      correlation was found between the atherosclerosis indices and these ratios at
      values lower than 0.6. Rabbits with cholesteryl linoleate/oleate ratios below 0.6
      seemed to run a greater risk of developing atherosclerosis. It is suggested that
      insulin might be required for atherogenesis in addition to hyperlipemia and
      hypercholesterolemia.

PMID- 1201142
TI  - Transfer of cholesterol in vitro between normal arterial smooth muscle tissue and
      serum lipoproteins of normo-lipidemic rabbits.
AB  - During incubation of normal arterial tissue with serum lipoproteins, net transfer
      of cholesterol was observed in the direction from the lipoproteins into the
      arterial tissue. Such transfer was only observed during incubations with single,
      isolated lipoprotein fractions. It was independent of the type of lipoprotein,
      VLDL, LDL or HDL, which was incubated with the arterial tissue. On the other
      hand, no net transfer of cholesterol was observed during incubations of arterial
      tissue with a combination of serum lipoproteins equivalent to that in native
      serum. Studies on the transfer of radioactive cholesterol suggested that
      cholesterol elimination from arterial tissue in vitro was not affected by the
      composition of the incubation medium. Therefore, it is suggested that cholesterol
      accumulation more easily is influenced by the serum lipoprotein composition, and
      that serum lipoprotein dysbalance may promote cholesterol accumulation in the
      tissue. This effect may be present even when the dysbalance involves a decrease
      of specific serum lipoprotein fractions.

PMID- 1201143
TI  - The influence of atherogenic diet and "essential" phospholipids upon the contents
      of noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain of rats and their exploratory
      activity.
AB  - The influence of atherogenic diet and "essential" phospholipids (EPL) both on
      exploratory activity and catecholamine content in the brain of rats has been
      examined. The atherogenic diet caused a decrease of the animals' exploratory
      activity as well as a diminution of catecholamines. It was observed that these
      changes correlated. Prophylactic administration of EPL is capable of preventing
      such changes. Therapeutic administration of EPL increased exploratory activity
      and catecholamines in the atherogenic group which subsequently received the basic
      laboratory diet.

PMID- 1201144
TI  - A study of different methods for the assay of lipoprotein lipase activity in
      human adipose tissue.
AB  - A method for the assay of lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLA) in heparin eluates
      of needle biopsies of adipose tissue is presented. A serum activated
      phosphatidestabilized emulsion of labelled triolein has been used as substrate.
      This method and a previously described method using heparin eluates as enzyme
      source and a commercial triglyceride emulsion, Ediol, as substrate, showed a high
      degree of correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.94) when parallel
      determinations were performed on biopsies from 16 subjects. Further, the Ediol
      method similarly correlated well with a method for LPLA assay, previously
      described by Nilsson-Ehle and Belfrage, on acetone-ether extracts of adipose
      tissue (correlation coefficient = 0.88; 19 subjects).

PMID- 1201145
TI  - Long-term effects of colestipol (U-26,597 A) on plasma lipids in familial type II
      hyperbetalipoproteinaemia.
AB  - Results related to long term treatment with Colestipol (a new resin sequestering
      bile acids) in 23 subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia, 12 with Type IIA,
      8 with Type IIB and 3 homozygotes are reported. Patients were given 15 g/day
      active drug for a period of 12 months and a double dose (30 g/day) for a
      successive period of 4 months along with a low cholesterol, low saturated fat,
      polyunsaturated fat-rich diet. Mean cholesterol decrease was --42 +/- 18 mg/dl (P
      less than 0.05) after 12 months of 15 g/day Colestipol and --69 +/- 17 mg/dl (P
      less than 0.01) after the following 4 months of 30 g/day Colestipol. The
      difference between the two periods of treatment (15 g and 30 g/day was not
      statistically significant. A slight but not significant increase in triglyceride
      levels was observed. Serum uric acid showed a significant increase throughout the
      entire period of treatment. No malabsorption syndrome or signs of toxicity were
      seen. Most frequent side effects were constipation, nausea, and metheorism which,
      with the exception of 4 cases which were withdrawn from the study, were reported
      as being transitory and mild.

PMID- 1201146
TI  - Abnormal post-heparin lipolytic activity in obesity. A preliminary note.
AB  - Published data have suggested that hypertriglyceridemia in obesity may result
      from the combination of hepatic overproduction and diminished removal of
      triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Diminished catabolism might be expected if tissue
      lipoprotein lipase activity were decreased, a finding which has been reported in
      biopsies of adipose tissue from obese subjects. Abnormalities in heparin-released
      triglyceride lipase activity (PHLA) in obesity have not been reported, however.
      We have examined the possibility that methods for the measurement of PHLA might
      have failed to reveal such a defect because of the disproportionality between
      plasma volume and increasing body mass in obesity. Since it is usual to
      administer heparin on the basis of body weight, higher plasma heparin levels
      would be achieved in obese individuals. We performed standard PHLA assays in lean
      and obese volunteers. In the obese, heparin levels were consistently higher than
      in lean individuals although PHLA values were similar in both. Thus, PHLA in
      obesity appeared to be inappropriate for the heparin levels attained in plasma.
      Pharmacokinetic studies suggest that a decrease in PHLA available for release by
      heparin rather than heparin insensitivity underlies this phenomenon.

PMID- 1201147
TI  - Rat heart lipoprotein lipase.
AB  - Rat heart lipoprotein lipase was highly purified by affinity chromatography using
      heparin-Sepharose 4B. When extracts of acetone powder were applied to columns,
      lipase activity was firmly bound to the gel matrix and was later eluted with 1.5
      M NaCl. At this stage the eluted enzyme was purified 1500-fold. Disc gel
      electrophoresis yielded a single protein band corresponding with the enzyme
      activity. The apparent molecular weight was 60,000. The purified enzyme was
      highly unstable; however, its activity could be partially stabilized by glycerol
      or ethylene glycol. In studying the purified enzyme we observed: (i) a cofactor
      in serum was required for full enzymatic activity; ApoLp-Glu could be substituted
      for this cofactor; (ii) ApoLp-Ser was inhibitory to lipase activity; (iii) NaCl
      and protamine sulfate also markedly inhibited the lipase activity; (iv) heparin
      stimulated the enzymatic activity.

PMID- 1201148
TI  - Fatty acyl CoA synthetase activity in normal and atherosclerotic rabbit aortic
      tissue.
AB  - The activity of fatty acyl CoA synthetase and fatty acyl CoA:cholesterol
      acyltransferase was determined in microsomal fractions from normal and
      atherosclerotic rabbit aortic tissue. No change in fatty acyl CoA synthetase
      activity was observed as a result of cholesterol feeding in contrast to the
      several-fold increase in the activity of fatty acyl CoA:cholesterol
      acyltransferase seen in atherosclerotic tissue. Inhibition of both enzymes was
      observed when clofibrate, or the tetrahydronapthyl analog of this drug were added
      in vitro. The inhibitory effects were most pronounced on the fatty acyl
      CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.

PMID- 1201149
TI  - Relationship between the type of dietary fatty acid and arterial thrombosis
      tendency in rats.
AB  - The effect of dietary fatty acids on the formation and growth of intra-arterial
      occlusive thrombi in rats was investigated. It appeared that fats containing a
      large amount of saturated fatty acids promote arterial thrombus formation,
      whereas dietary linoleic acid has a specific anti-thrombotic effect. Oleic acid
      on its own does not seem to act as an anti-thrombotic substance. However, the
      replacement of thrombogenic fatty acids by oleic acid results in a decrease of
      the dietary thrombogenic potency. Moreover, the results indicated that the
      thrombogenicity of the saturated fatty acids increases with their chain length.
      As for the anti-thrombotic effect of cis fatty acids and their trans isomers, no
      obvious differences have been observed. Almost identical results were obtained
      when thrombogenicity was related to either absorption or to composition of the
      dietary fatty acids. Further research can therefore be restricted to this latter
      criterion. For the majority of the fats tested, thrombosis tendency and ADP
      induced platelet aggregation were closely associated. It is therefore highly
      probable that platelet aggregation is involved in the mechanism by which dietary
      fats affect arterial thrombus formation.

PMID- 1201150
TI  - The effect of renal hypertension on the regional deposition of cholesterol and
      phospholipid in the aorta of normally- and cholesterol-fed rabbits.
AB  - The effect of renal hypertension on dry defatted tissue mass and lipid
      accumulation in different segments of the aortic intima was studied in both
      normally-fed and cholesterol-fed rabbits. In normally-fed rabbits hypertension
      caused an increase in intimal dry weight in the aorta. The increase was greatest
      in the lower thoracic intimal segment but was not significant in the aortic arch.
      The increase in tissue mass was not influenced by the addition of cholesterol to
      the diet and no regression of the increased tissue mass occurred when a 4-week
      period of hypertension was followed by a 4-week period of normotension.
      Hypertension did not increase the intimal cholesterol or phospholipid
      concentrations in normally-fed rabbits, suggesting that an observed increase in
      lipid content represented the cellular component of the intimal hypertrophy.
      Hypertension in cholesterol-fed animals caused preferential lipid accumulation in
      the lower thoracic segment, an effect that was independent of the total intimal
      cholesterol level. Intimal cholesterol, cholesterol ester and phospholipid were
      all increased. When a 4-week period of normotension and cholesterol feeding was
      preceded by a 4-week period of hypertension with normal feeding the amount of
      cholesterol deposited did not exceed that of the normotensive control, suggesting
      either that hypertension increased intimal permeability to lipid only in the
      presence of hypercholesterolaemia, or that healing of damaged intima had occurred
      before hypercholesterolaemia was fully established.

PMID- 1201151
TI  - Investigations of fluorescent peptides and lipofuscins of human intervertebral
      disc relating to atherosclerosis.
AB  - (1) Annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus of human intervertebral discs at
      different degrees of atherosclerosis were disintegrated by elastase. (2) The
      material disintegrated by elastase -- called elastolysate -- could be separated
      into hydrophobic (apolar) and hydrophilic (polar) peptides. Parallel with the
      degree of atherosclerosis the amount of hydrophobic peptides increased, whereas
      that of the hydrophilic peptides decreased. (3) In annulus fibrosus and nucleus
      pulposus two kinds of fluorescence maxima were measured. The one, A:F 350:405, is
      known as fluorescence maxima of elastin- and collagen-peptides. The other, A:F
      410:470, is related to a similar substance called atherofluorescent component
      (AFC), which has been isolated before from the plaques of atherosclerotic aorta.
      This substance accumulates mainly in nucleus pulposus and resembles lipofuscin
      like bodies. (4) These bodies show a positive reaction with thiobarbituric acid,
      giving a red coloration characteristic for malondialdehyde. In nucleus pulposus
      the amount of lipofuscin-like substances is much greater than in annulus
      fibrosus. (5) The hydrophilic peptides, although they show the same fluorescence
      maxima as the hydrophobic peptides, do not give any reaction with thiobarbituric
      acid. It is supposed that in these cases the cross-linked protein contains
      instead of malondialdehyde other reactive aldehydes.

PMID- 1201152
TI  - Growth hormone response to insulin and to arginine in patients with familial
      hypercholesterolaemia.
AB  - Human growth hormone (HGH) response to i.v. insulin (0.1 U/kg body weight) and
      arginine infusion (25 g of L-arginine for 30 min) was studied in 9 patients (5
      males and 4 females) with primary familial hypercholesterolaemia and belonging to
      4 families. Mean age was 28 +/- 2 years (range 18-36) and body weight was less
      than 105% of ideal body weight. Glucose tolerance and insulin response to oral
      glucose were normal in all patients. HGH release after insulin and after arginine
      was slightly increased as compared to 21 normal controls, but the differences
      were not significant. Insulin and glucagon response to arginine in these patients
      was within the normal range. Plasma glucose and free fatty acids were normal
      after both insulin and arginine. Moreover, no significant correlation was found
      between fasting cholesterol and HGH peaks after insulin and after arginine, nor
      between cholesterol and insulin and glucagon responses. Despite marked
      hyperlipidaemia, HGH-deficient patients examined by other authors never present
      signs of atherosclerotic disease. Our data suggest that HGH, in the presence of
      elevated cholesterol levels, might play an important role in the development of
      atherosclerotic lesions.

PMID- 1201153
TI  - Changes in plasma lipoprotein constituents during constant infusions of heparin.
AB  - Constant infusions of heparin of 4 to 6 hours' duration were used to estimate the
      transfer of very low density lipoprotein constituents to other plasma
      lipoproteins. Eleven subjects were studied, 3 with Type III and the remainder
      with either Type IV or V hyperlipoproteinemia. Whereas only about 5% of the
      triglyceride lost from VLDL was recovered in the other lipoproteins, 44% of the
      cholesterol was retained in the circulation, in equal amounts within low density
      (d 1.019-1.063) and intermediate density (d 1.006-1.019) lipoproteins. By
      contrast, there was no apparent loss of protein, more than half of that
      originally in VLDL being recovered in high density lipoprotein. In subjects with
      Type III hyperlipoproteinemia, lipid and protein was lost from the intermediate
      density lipoprotein as well as from VLDL. In subjects with marked
      hypertriglyceridemia, cholesterol became redistributed from larger to smaller
      VLDL. The esterification of plasma cholesterol as measured in vitro, was
      apparently suppressed during the early phase of the heparin infusions, but tended
      to recover later.

PMID- 1201154
TI  - Aortic washout of 125I compounds in atherosclerotic and normal rabbits.
AB  - An in vivo rabbit model is described for the study of aortic washout of 125I
      tagged compounds. Washout is compartmental and in sequence from the lumen, aortic
      wall, and periaortic fat. Toluene-azo-naphthol (TAN) affixed chiefly to
      periaortic fat. A double isotope method with TAN plus a cholesterophilic
      substance is suggested for the assay of atherosclerosis in situ.

PMID- 1201155
TI  - Crystals in atherosclerotic lesions: real or artefact?
AB  - Atherosclerotic lesions were obtained from man during surgery and from
      cholesterol-fed rabbits. They were maintained at about 37 degrees C during
      handling. Smears were prepared on glass slides and these were examined
      microscopically at 37 degrees C. Solid rhomboidal or thick needle-like crystals
      were present at 37 degrees C but increased in numbers or in size or both on
      cooling. Staining studies and measurement of melting point (133-153 degrees C)
      suggested that such crystals are composed largely of free cholesterol or a
      related sterol. Liquid crystals exhibiting conic focal (Maltese cross)
      anisotropism were present at 37 degrees C and did not appreciably increase in
      either size or numbers on cooling. Staining studies and their resistance to
      digitonin suggested that these Maltese cross crystals are largely esterified
      cholesterol. Thin needle-like crystals arranged like feathers or in rosettes were
      seen in smears of adipose tissue and were attributed to triglycerides.

PMID- 1201156
TI  - The squalene content of atheromatous plaques. A re-examination.

PMID- 1201157
TI  - Coagulation studies as a prognostic index in acute liver failure.
AB  - A coagulation screen has been performed on 12 patients with acute liver failure.
      Six died and six recovered. All six fatal cases developed a haemorrhagic state
      with haemostatic failure. An attempt has been made to delineate the various
      mechanisms for the production of the coagulation defect. The significance of the
      different haematological parameters in assessing prognosis has been  assessed.
      The study emphasizes the importance of the synthetic ability of the liver in
      determining survival prospects. A good correlation between the factor-VII level,
      which is a guide to liver synthesis, and recovery has been shown. The value of a
      specific factor-VII assay in acute liver failure appears considerable. Where this
      assay cannot be performed the clot opacity fibrinogen technique provides a
      reasonable guide to the prognosis. The presence or absence of DIC was not a
      determinant factor in survival in this series.

PMID- 1201158
TI  - Whole-body and organ Vo2 changes with enflurane, isoflurane, and halothane.
AB  - This study was designed to determine the effects of enflurane on canine whole
      body and individual organ oxygen consumption (Vo2). Whole-body, myocardial,
      splanchnic, renal, and skeletal muscle Vo2 were determined at enflurane
      concentrations equivalent to those used in previous studies with halothane and
      isoflurane. With increasing enflurane concentrations, whole-body Vo2 decreased
      progressively. The major component of the decrease was a reduction in myocardial
      Vo2 resulting from a decrease in myocardial external work as a result of a
      decrease in cardiac output and arterial pressure. Other organs contributed to a
      lesser extent to the overall decrease in whole-body Vo2. In each respect the
      findings with enflurance were not significantly different from those with
      halothane and isoflurane. These findings did support to the view that anaesthetic
      agents are not general metabolic depressants and that observed changes in whole
      body Vo2 reflect the summated changes in individual organ Vo2 occasioned by an
      anaesthetic-induced change in organ function and metabolic requirements.

PMID- 1201159
TI  - The combined effect of halothane-induced hypotension and hypocapnia on canine
      myocardial blood-flow and oxygen consumption.
AB  - In eleven intact mechanically ventilated dogs anaesthetized with pentobarbitone,
      mean arterial pressure was reduced to 55% of the control value by ventilating
      with 1-1.5% halothane. At normocapnia this resulted in decreases in myocardial
      blood-flow and oxygen consumption to 47% and 55% of their respective control
      values and an increase in myocardial vascular resistance to 123% of control
      value. When hypocapnia (mean PaCO2=26 mm Hg) was superimposed on hypotension,
      myocardial blood-flow was further decreased to 38% of control value whereas
      oxygen consumption did not alter significantly. When halothane was discontinued,
      allowing recovery from hypotension, the rate of recovery of myocardial blood-flow
      and cardiac output was much slower than that of arterial pressure.

PMID- 1201160
TI  - Effect of volatile anaesthetics on cell survival as measured by colony forming
      ability.
AB  - Chinese hamster fibroblast cells in stirred suspension cultures were exposed to
      volatile anaesthetic agents for 3 hr or for 24 hr. Cell viability was measured as
      colony forming ability and was found to be reduced, in a dose related manner, by
      halothane, chloroform, methoxyflurane, trichloroetheylene and diethyl ether.

PMID- 1201161
TI  - Effect of althesin (CT-1341) on thyroid-adrenal function in man.
AB  - The effects of althesin on adrenocortical and thyroid function were investigated
      by measuring plasma concentrations of cortisol, thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine
      index (FTI) in 29 surgical patients. Althesin did not change the plasma cortisol
      concentrations from the preanaesthetic control value; however, the concentrations
      increased significantly after the start of surgery and thereafter. Althesin
      anaesthesia per se decreased slightly, but significantly, plasma T4
      concentration, but did not influence the FTI value. The surgical operation
      increased the FTI value slightly but significantly. Our data would suggest that
      Althesin anaesthesia can be used in patients who have abnormal adrenocortical or
      thyroid activity.

PMID- 1201162
TI  - Dose relationships of phase II, tachyphylaxis and train-of-four fade in
      suxamethonium-induced dual neuromuscular block in man.
AB  - In man under halothane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia, suxamethonium-induced
      neuromuscular block can be divided into two phases using the train-of-four ratio:
      the first phase of minimal train-of-four fade and the second phase of marked
      train-of-four fade. The second phase is characterized by a low train-of-four
      ratio, 0.3 or less, and resembles tubocurarine-block) in many details. It
      corresponds to Phase II (dual block in the literature. Contrary to the prevailing
      belief, Phase II block has a rather abrupt onset. In this study of seven
      patients, Phase I covered up to a total of 1--3 mg/kg of suxamethonium, while 3-
      5 mg/kg established Phase II block, with a transitional zone of only 2 mg/kg.
      Establishment of Phase II also coincided with onset of unequivocal tachyphylaxis.
      The possibility of a causal relationship between tachyphylaxis and Phase II block
      is suggested.

PMID- 1201163
TI  - Effects of althesin anaesthesia and surgery on carbohydrate and fat metabolism in
      man.
AB  - The effects of Althesin anaesthesia alone, and associated with surgery, on
      carbohydrate and fet metabolism were studied in 36 patients by determining the
      plasma concentrations of cortisol, human growth hormone, insulin, free fatty
      acids, and blood sugar. The differences between the mean blood sugar and plasma
      cortisol concentrations before induction and during anaesthesia alone were not
      statistically significant. Blood sugar concentrations increased slightly during
      minor surgery and increased significantly during body surface and abdominal
      surgery. The plasma cortisol concentrations increased slightly during minor and
      body surface surgery but increased significantly during abdominal surgery. Plasma
      insulin and human growth hormone concentrations did not change appreciably during
      anesthesia and surgery. During Althesin anaesthesia alone and during minor
      surgery, a significant increase in plasma FFA concentration was observed at 15
      min. The hyperglycaemia response in diabetic patients did not differ
      significantly from that in nondiabetic subjects. The clinical significance of the
      results is discussed.

PMID- 1201164
TI  - Mean skin temperature during anaesthesia: an assessment of formulae in the supine
      surgical patient.
AB  - The mean skin temperature was calculated from measurements made in 22 patients
      under general anaesthesia. The results from 11 different formulae were compared
      with a system involving 15 temperature sites on the skin, each given a weighting
      factor in proportion to the fraction of total surface area which it represented.
      If accuracy is required, the mean skin temperature should be measured in surgical
      patients using a formula which involves at least 10 skin sites. Incorrect
      estimation of stored body heat results from an erroneous value for the mean skin
      temperature, and this occurred more frequently when the number of skin sites was
      reduced.

PMID- 1201165
TI  - Induction and recovery with enflurane and halothane in paediatric anaesthesia.
AB  - One hundred and four infants and children were included in a comparative study of
      anesthesia with either enflurane or halothane. Induction and recovery were
      significantly shorter with enflurane than with halothane. There was little
      difference between the drugs in respect of their postoperative sequelae.

PMID- 1201166
TI  - Minimum blood concentration--a universal concept of anaesthetic potency.
AB  - Although brain concentration of anaesthetic agents is attractive as a method of
      expressing anaesthetic potency, both theoretical and practical considerations
      limit the usefulness of this index. Therefore, the MAC concept has been utilized
      to develop another expression of potency: the minimum blood concentration. This
      takes into account the blood/gas solubility coefficient, and the fact that at
      equilibrium the amount of anaesthetic agent present in brain is reflected in the
      blood concentration, and it is applicable to both parenteral and to inhalation
      anaesthetic agents.

PMID- 1201167
TI  - Hexafluorenium-suxamethonium interaction in patients with normal versus atypical
      cholinesterase.
AB  - The effect of hexafluorenium 0.3 mg/kg on the neuromuscular block of
      suxamethonium 0.1 mg/kg in a child with homozygote atypical plasma cholinesterase
      activity and in one of his normal brothers has been compared. In the normal
      child, hexafluorenium produced a marked potentiation of suxamethonium block,
      while partially antagonizing the block in the atypical homozygote child. In both
      situations, the hexafluorenium-suxamethonium block appeared to be
      antidepolarizing in nature as indicated by tetanic fade and post-tetanic
      facilitation. It is concluded that, in man, hexafluorenium can modify the action
      of suxamethonium by two different mechanisms. In patients with normal plasma
      cholinesterase activity, the anti-esterase effect predominates and results in
      marked potentiation of suxamethonium block, while in atypical homozygotes a
      direct antidepolarizing action at the neuromuscular junction may result in a
      diminished response.

PMID- 1201168
TI  - A potentially serious complication with Swan-Ganz catheter placement by the
      percutaneous internal jugular route.
AB  - Percutaneous insertion of a Swan-Ganz catheter through the internal jugular vein
      is presumed to have resulted in lodgement of the catheter tip in the wall of the
      internal carotid artery.

PMID- 1201169
TI  - Postoperative hypoglycaemic coma associated with chlorpropamide.
AB  - A 72-year-old male being treated with chlorpropamide for diabetes mellitus had an
      emergency operation for a perforated gastric ulcer. Hypoglycaemic coma occurred
      after the operation.

PMID- 1201170
TI  - Proceedings: Mass spectrometric analysis of gas mixtures which include high
      oxygen concentrations.

PMID- 1201171
TI  - Proceedings: A preliminary report on the development of a new injector-vaporizer.

PMID- 1201172
TI  - Proceedings: The determination of alphaxalone in human blood by gas-liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 1201173
TI  - Proceedings: Plasma concentrations of pancuronium bromide (pavulon) in patients
      with normal and impaired renal function.

PMID- 1201174
TI  - Proceedings: Complement involvement in patients showing hypersensitivity
      responses to althesin and methohexitone.

PMID- 1201175
TI  - Proceedings: The uptake and distribution of halothane in the dog.

PMID- 1201177
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of the optical isomers of d1-pentazocine on the isolated
      sheep myocardium.

PMID- 1201176
TI  - Proceedings: Mechanisms of oxygen toxicity.

PMID- 1201178
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of halothane on changes in heart rate evoked by
      stimulation to the radial nerve.

PMID- 1201179
TI  - Proceedings: The metabolic course of porcine malignant hyperthermia.

PMID- 1201180
TI  - Proceedings: The role of doxapram in the reduction of pulmonary complications
      following surgery.

PMID- 1201181
TI  - Proceedings: Anaesthetics in porphyria: intravenous induction agents.

PMID- 1201182
TI  - Proceedings: Blood-gas changes during induced hypotension with sodium
      nitroprusside.

PMID- 1201183
TI  - Proceedings: Further immunological investigations in patients with possible
      halothane hepatitis.

PMID- 1201184
TI  - Potassium supplements in patients treated with corticosteroids.
AB  - 1. Preliminary studies are reported on 8 patients with lung disease given
      prednisone both with and without potassium supplements. 2. There were no
      abnormalities of plasma potassium but there was a relationship between the dose
      of prednisone and the urinary excretion of potassium whilst off supplements:
      higher doses were associated with increased potassium excretion. 3. Patients who
      had been on treatment for a short period retained more of their supplements than
      did those who had been on treatment for several years. 4. It is suggested that
      with prolonged treatment control of potassium homeostasis may be altered, and
      that more detailed metabolic studies should be carried out.

PMID- 1201185
TI  - Lung function in childhood. III. Measurement of airflow resistance in healthy
      children.
AB  - Indices of airflow resistance have been obtained in a group of 248 healthy London
      schoolchildren from recordings of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced
      expiratory volume in 0-75 seconds (FEV 0-75) and maximum mid-expiratory flow
      (MMEF) and two more direct methods, airways resistance (Raw) measured
      plethysmographyically and total respiratory resistance (PT) by the forced
      oscillation technique. The normal data are presented.

PMID- 1201186
TI  - Treatment of advanced bronchogenic carcinoma with adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil.
AB  - Thirty patients with an advanced bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with a
      combination of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil; in eight the size of the tumour or
      its metastases was reduced by over 50%, and eight further patients experienced
      useful relief of symptoms. This drug combination is useful in the magagement of
      lung cancer.

PMID- 1201187
TI  - Sputum and serum levels of amoxycillin in chronic bronchial infections.
AB  - A study of 11 patients suffering from acute exacerbations of chronic bronchial
      infection, all with purulent (Mp+++) sputum, showed that good penetration of
      amoxycillin into such sputum occurs. The levels of amoxycillin in sputum doubled
      proportionally with the oral dose, at least up to dosages of 2 g. High dosages or
      oral amoxycillin may therefore, be advantageous in the treatment of chronic
      bronchial infection. In a study of 30 chronic bronchitic patients, whose sputum
      varied in purulence from mucoid to purulent (Mp+++) the concentration of
      amoxycillin in sputum containing approximately 50% pus (Mp++) was significantly
      higher than that in any other degree of purulence. These results indicate that
      amoxycillin penetrates best into sputum at an intermediate degree of purulence.

PMID- 1201188
TI  - Pigmented basal cell epithelioma. Light and electron microscopic studies on
      tumours and cell cultures.
AB  - Light and electron microscopic studies have been carried out on three pigmented
      basal cell epitheliomas and on cell cultures of two of these tumours, to
      determine the formation and transfer of pigment and the fine structure of the
      constituent cells. Scattered in the epithelial tumour buds were many functional
      melanocytes that contained melanosomes in various stages of development and whose
      morphology was essentially normal. Many melanophages were present in the dermal
      stroma, but few transferred melanosomes were to be found in the epithelial tumour
      cells. Tissue culture studies revealed that melanocytes were present among the
      proliferating islands of epithelial cells and these contained many melanosomes.
      However, few melanosomes were found in the epithelial cells. This study indicated
      a block in the transfer of pigment from the melanocyte to the basal epithelioma
      cells. Several of the cultured epithelial cells were found to contain dense
      bundles of filaments resembling amyloid. It is likely that they are abnormal
      tonofilaments resulting from the differentiation and keratinization of basal
      cells in vitro.

PMID- 1201189
TI  - Pigmentary demarcation lines. Comparison of Negroes with Japanese.
AB  - The natural pigmentary demarcation boundaries of the skin can be classified as:
      Group A--lines along the upper limb with variable trans-pectoral extension; Group
      B--lines along the lower limb; Group C--paired lines in median or paramedian
      course on the chest with midline abdominal extension; Group D--posteromedian
      demarcation; and Group E--bilaterally symmetrical, obliquely oriented
      hypopigmented macules on the chest. Groups A and C are the most distinct and
      occur in both Negroes and Japanese.

PMID- 1201190
TI  - Median rhomboid glossitis. Candidiasis and not a developmental anomaly.
AB  - Infection by Candida Albicans was found in all biopsies taken from ten patients
      presenting with midline lesions of the tongue which clinically presented as
      median rhomboid glossitis.

PMID- 1201191
TI  - Dermo--epidermal adhesion and its effect on epidermal structure in the mouse.
AB  - Evidence is presented that dermo--epidermal adhesion is low in mouse ear.
      Consequently the pressure caused by mitotic activity in the basal epidermal layer
      is readily relieved by cell extrusion distally and the number of basal cells per
      unit skin area remains low. The rule then is that the number of distal cells per
      unit skin area must be equally low, and the epidermis is therefore thin.
      Conversely, dermo--epidermal adhesion is high in mouse sole-of-foot epidermis,
      and the mitotic pressure leads through cell crowding to a columnar basal
      epithelium. Furthermore, in the footpad centre, where adhesion is evidently
      highest, the baseline folds. With basal cell crowding and baseline folding there
      are more basal cells, and therefore more distal cells, per unit skin area. The
      epidermis is thick. Epidermal cells are regarded as equipotential. The different
      epidermal characteristics of the different body regions are determined by the
      combined actions of the local mitotic rate and the local strength of the dermal
      grip.

PMID- 1201192
TI  - An improved method of assessing topical corticosteroid activity.
AB  - Topical application of ointment bases causes varying degrees of epidermal
      thickening in guinea-pigs. This is reproducible and can be accurately measured.
      Suppression of these changes was produced by addition of beta-methasone 17
      valerate, fluocinolone acetonide, fluocinonide and hydrocortisone acetate. The
      inhibitory effect of these steroids was related to the type of corticosteriod,
      its concentration and the ointment base. The effect was still evident at
      extremely high dilutions of the steroids and could be measured at concentrations
      as low as 5 X 10(-5) % of fluocinonide in FAPG. This technique has the merits of
      being reproducible, sensitive and accurate. It should find a place among existing
      methods in assaying the efficacy of topical corticosteroids and in aiding in the
      selection of bases most suitable for formulation of these preparations.

PMID- 1201193
TI  - Lichen planus and ulcerative colitis.
AB  - Three patients with ulcerative colitis and lichen planus are reported and similar
      cases in the literature discussed. Similarities in the pathology of the two
      conditions are outlined.

PMID- 1201194
TI  - Inhibition of lysosomal enzymes by dapsone.

PMID- 1201196
TI  - The subcellular localization of the erythrostimulant factors present in the
      kidney and spleen of the rabbit.
AB  - The subcellular localization of erythrostimulant factors contained in the kidney
      and spleen of the rabbit have been studied. This was done by subjecting
      homogenates to fractionation by centrifugation and assessing the erythrostimulant
      capacity of the hypotonic extracts prepared from the various fractions thus
      obtained.  The results of these studies show that the erythrostimulant factors
      are present in the light mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of the normal
      kidney. In conditions of anaemia they are to be found not only in the above
      mentioned fractions but also in the mitochondrial fraction. By contrast, in the
      spleen such factors are present only in the mitochondrial fraction. It is likely
      that the different localization of the erythrostimulant factors in the kidney and
      in the spleen of the rabbit may be closely connected with the different functions
      performed by these organs in the humoral regulation of erythropoiesis.

PMID- 1201195
TI  - The development of radioimmunoassays for fibrinogen degradation products:
      fragments D and E.
AB  - Fibrinogen degradation products, fragment D (FgD) and fragment E (FgE) have been
      measured in human serum by specific radioimmunoassays. In addition, the
      appearance of a neoantigenic determinant on FgD, revealed when fibrinogen is
      degraded by plasmin has been utilized to develop a specific radioimmunoassay for
      FgD in plasma (FgDneo). The reagents and conditions used in each assay are
      described in detail. The mean specific activity was 144 muCi/mug for 125I
      labelled FgE and 82 muCi/mug for 125I-labelled FgD. Separation of antibody bound
      and free antigen was achieved using second antibody. The detection limits of the
      FgE, FgD and FgDneo assays were 0.8, 1.0 and 6.2 ng/ml respectively. The
      specificity of each assay with respect to fibrinogen and its degradation
      fragments has been assessed. Fibrinogen and fragment X cross-reacted markedly in
      both the FgE and FgD assays, whereas the cross-reaction of fibrinogen was
      abolished in the FgDneo assay, while the cross-reaction of fragment X was 10%,
      indicating gradual emergence of the neoantigenic site during digestion of
      fibriogen. The sensitivity, precision, and specificity of the radioimmunoassay
      systems described have major advantages over the existing procedures for the
      measurement of fibrinogen degradation products.

PMID- 1201198
TI  - Four new pyruvate kinase (PK) variants and a classical PK deficiency.
AB  - Four new red-cell pyruvate kinase (PK) variants are presented along with one case
      of so-called classical type PK deficiency. PK 'Tokyo II' had a low activity, Km
      (PEP) and Vmax, but a normal urea stability and only slight deviation from normal
      in neutralization tests by antiserum. It had a normal nucleotide specificity,
      abnormal electrophoretic mobility (fast moving) and the variant was associated
      with a mild hemolytic anaemia. PK 'Maebashi' had a low activity, high Km (PEP),
      low Vmax, urea instability, decreased reactivity to antiserum, normal
      electrophoretic mobility, normal nucleotide specificity and was associated with a
      moderate haemolytic anaemia. PK 'Tsukiji' had low activity, high Km (PEP),
      markedly high Vmax, urea instability, decreased reactivity to antiserum, abnormal
      electrophoretic mobility (fast moving) and grossly abnormal nucleotide
      specificity especially abnormal behaviour to ADP. The haemolytic process in this
      case was moderate to severe. PK 'Ube' was electrophoretically abnormal (fast
      moving) but otherwise had normal characteristics and the propositus was healthy
      and not anaemic. PK 'Ube' was found by electrophoretic screening for genetic PK
      polymorphism. In the classical type PK deficiency, the usual red-cell PK (PK-R1
      and PK-R2) was not demonstrable by electrophoresis but instead M2-type PK was
      present, presumably by compensatory process. Kinetic studies confirmed that the
      patient's red-cell PK consisted of M2-type PK. This patient had a severe
      haemolytic anaemia.

PMID- 1201197
TI  - Globin chain synthesis in the greek type (A gamma) of hereditary persisitence of
      fetal haemoglobin.
AB  - Globin chain synthesis was studied in a family with both the Greek (Agamma) type
      of hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin and beta thalassaemia. The ratio
      of alpha/(gamma+beta+delta) chain synthesis in the hereditary persistence of
      fetal haemoglobin (HPFH) heterozygotes was 0.97 while in the HPFH/beta
      thalassaemia heterozygote it was 2.14. However, calculation of the amounts of
      haemoglobin synthesized per cell suggests that in the HPFH/beta-thalassaemia
      heterozygote, the beta- and Agamma-chain genes in cis to the HPFH determinant are
      unable to compensate for the deficiency of chains imposed by the beta
      thalassaemia gene in trans and that the increased synthesis of Hb F is directed
      by the gamma-chain genes located on the beta-thalassaemia chromosome. The data
      suggest that synthesis of beta and Agamma chains in the Greek HPFH is fixed at a
      'preset' level and indicate that the defect might be due to an abnormality in the
      rate of transcription of the closely linked beta-, delta- and gamma-chain genes.

PMID- 1201199
TI  - Chamber centrifugation: a harvesting technique for estimation of the growth of
      human haemopoietic cells in diffusion chambers.
AB  - A harvesting technique which gives information about the spatial relationships
      between cells grown in diffusion chambers in mice has been designed. The
      principle is that cells are centrifuged directly from the chamber clot onto a
      slide during pronase treatment. The technique has been applied to normal human
      bone marrow cells grown in diffusion chambers. The slides show that the cells are
      situated in clusters. A limiting dilution assay of progenitor cells based on the
      presence of granulopoietic clusters in the chambers demonstrates the use of the
      method for quantitation of progenitor cells.

PMID- 1201200
TI  - Lymphocyte transformation in patients with paraproteinaemia.
AB  - The transformation of lymphocytes in cultures with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or
      with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was carried out during treatment on 28 patients with
      paraproteinaemia and on 20 control subjects. 78.5% of the peripheral blood
      lymphocyte short-term cultures from the treated patients showed a subnormal PHA
      induced but high PWM-induced lymphocyte transformation. The other 21.5% of the
      treated patients had a normal pattern of lymphocyte transformation. Eight of 12
      untreated patients with multiple myelomatosis and four of five untreated patients
      with benign paraproteinaemia also had a subnormal lymphocyte transformation to
      PHA but a high response to PWM. Serial lymphocyte transformation studies in eight
      of 18 myeloma patients during chemotherapy revealed that the initial subnormal
      lymphocyte transformation to PHA subsequently became higher than that to PWM. 82%
      of the bone marrow cultures from the patients showed a higher PWM-induced than
      PHA-induced lymphocyte response, also suggesting a B cell type of disease. In
      both dose response and time dependent investigations peak transformation of
      peripheral blood lymphocytes did not always coincide.

PMID- 1201201
TI  - Letter: Measurement of red cell folate levels.

PMID- 1201202
TI  - The effect of various cytotoxic agents on bone marrow progenitor cells as
      measured by diffusion chamber assays.
AB  - Two diffusion chamber assays, termed the 'Full" chamber technique and the 'Empty'
      chamber technique, have been used to determine the effect of various doses of
      cyclophosphamide, vinblastine and busulphan on the population of diffusion
      chamber progenitor cells (DCPC). The diffusion chamber dose-response curves were
      compared to the progenitor cell survivals estimated by the spleen colony
      technique. The in vitro agar colony assay was also performed on the busulphan
      treated marrow. The diffusion chamber and spleen colony techniques estimated
      similar survivals after cyclophosphamide and vinblastine treatment. However, with
      busulphan, the chamber, spleen colony and agar colony methods estimated different
      survivals. The indication is that the diffusion chamber techniques assay the same
      population of cells as the spleen colony technique, and that busulphan alters the
      capacity of surviving DCPC to generate granulocytes and macrophages.

PMID- 1201204
TI  - The use of an image analysing computer for the quantitation of red cell
      morphological characteristics.
AB  - Measurements of integrated optical density and projected area of red cells have
      been made on Romanowsky-stained blood films from 25 subjects using an image
      analysing computer. Close correlation was observed between mean cell projected
      area and MCV and between mean cell integrated optical density and MCH. Mean
      values for the quotient of cell integrated density/cell projected area (mean cell
      colour density) correlated with MCHC. Varieties of cell area and colour density
      correlated subjectively with anisocytosis and anisochromasia, and histograms of
      these parameters demonstrated dual populations. The clinical application of these
      findings is discussed.

PMID- 1201203
TI  - Kinetic studies of 51Cr and DF32P labelled granulocytes.
AB  - In vivo kinetic studies of granulocytes labelled in vitro with 51Cr and DF32P
      were carried out in nine haematologically normal subjects by isolation of the
      cells in the blood samples by the Ficoll-Isopaque flotation method. 51Cr and 32P
      specific activity of blood samples made of 93-98% granulocytes was studied.
      Distribution between marginated and circulating granulocyte pools was identical
      for both labelled cells and the marginated pool was similar to the circulating
      pool, except that it was lower in one subject who had a previous splenectomy. The
      half-disappearance time (T 1/2) was 16.1+/-2.2 h for 51Cr-labelled and 5.4+/-2.1
      hr for DF32P-labelled granulocytes. In one case of a normal subject who
      previously received multiple transfusion homologous 51Cr-labelled granulocytes
      had a T 1/2 of less than 1 h.

PMID- 1201205
TI  - Measurement of heparin in patients receiving subcutaneous heparin therapy.
AB  - Heparin assays based on four different tests of clotting function have been
      compared with a heparin assay utilizing the potentiating effect of heparin on
      anti-factor Xa in a group of patients receiving subcutaneous heparin therapy
      during late pregnancy. It is considered that the anti-factor Xa method is a
      better indication of the antithrombotic effect of heparin. In the presence of
      high levels of clotting factors, heparin assays based on tests of clotting
      function can be misleading.

PMID- 1201206
TI  - A comparison between radioimmunoassay and other immunological techniques for the
      measurement of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products in serum.
AB  - Fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP) have been measured in serum by
      radioimmunoassay for fragment E (FgE), one of the terminal fragments in plasmic
      digestion of fibrinogen, and the results compared with those determined by both a
      tanned red cell haemagglutination inhibiton immunoassay (TRCHII) and a latex
      particle agglutination inhibition immunoassay. The detection limit of the FgE
      assay was 0.8 ng/ml, that of TRCHII was 625 ng/ml and the latex particle
      agglunitaion inhibition immunoassay was 10 mug/ml. All the samples measured had
      detectable levels of FDP with the FgE assay, whereas only 88% were measurable
      with the TRCHII and 2% by the latex particle agglutination inhibition
      immunoassay. A comparison of those samples giving a positive result with both the
      TRCHII and FgE assay showed overall agreement between the results of the two
      types of assay, but there was considerable scatter of FgE levels at each point of
      the TRCHII. The major advantages of the radioimmunoassay system are greater
      sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility.

PMID- 1201208
TI  - Erythraemia due to haemoglobin San Diego.
AB  - A 63-year-old man with erythraemia was found to have a high affinity haemoglobin
      which was subsequently identified as Hb San Diego beta 109 (G11) Val leads to
      Met, recently described in a Filipino family (Nute et al, 1974). The oxygen
      affinity of the haemolysates was increased approximately two-fold at pH values
      between 6.04 and 7.90. The n value was nearly normal (2.5-2.9) in the upper range
      of saturation (70-95% oxygenation) but was somewhat diminished (1.9-2.1) below
      this range. In vitro biosynthesis of globin by reticulocytes showed that there
      was balanced synthesis of alpha and beta chains (alpha:beta ratio = 1).

PMID- 1201207
TI  - Coagulation changes during the steady state in homozygous sickle-cell disease in
      Jamaica.
AB  - Coagulation studies were carried out in 117 Jamaicans with homozygous sickle-cell
      disease in the steady state, and 40 local controls. The patients had
      significantly higher factor-VIII levels, higher platelet counts, lower factor-V
      and plasminogen levels, shorter thrombin times and higher serum fibrinogen
      degradation products (FDP) than the control group. The low factor-V and
      plasminogen levels, and high FDP levels, might be explained by activation of the
      coagulation system and continuous clot lysis even in the absence of painful
      crisis. The high factor-VIII levels and short thrombin times found in these
      patients could not be explained.

PMID- 1201210
TI  - The oxygen affinity of haemoglobin Hammersmith.
AB  - Oxygen dissociation studies were carried out on red cells and lysates from a
      patient heterozygous for Hb Hammersmith. The oxygen affinity of the cells at pH
      7.1 was decreased, partly by an increased cellular concentration of 2,3-DPG and
      more importantly by an intrinsic low affinity of Hb Hammersmity. Haem-haem
      interactions were reduced and an abnormal Bohr effect (pH 7.1-7.4) was found in
      the cells which would bring about an additional decrease in oxygen affinity at
      physiological pH. Oxygen dissociation studies on the lysates showed a low oxygen
      affinity, a normal Bohr effect at 50% saturation, slightly decreased haem-haem
      interactions and a normal interaction with 2,3-DPG. Estimation of the percentage
      of Hb Hammersmith in the lysates of the patient's cells by selective
      precipitation of the abnormal beta chain with p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB)
      showed the presence of 30-33% abnormal haemoglobin. Assuming no interaction
      between the Hb A and the Hb Hammersmith, oxygen dissociation curves were
      calculated for Hb Hammersmith alone and these indicated that it has greatly
      decreased oxygen affinity, a normal Bohr effect, normal 2,3-DPG interaction and
      (somewhat) decreased haem-haem interactions.

PMID- 1201211
TI  - Proceedings: Recommended methods for surface counting to determine sites of red
      cell destruction. A report by the panel on diagnostic applications of
      radioisotopes in haematology of the International Committee for Standardization
      in Haematology (icsh tentative standard EP8/3: 1975).

PMID- 1201209
TI  - The oxygen affinity of haemoglobin E.
AB  - Oxygen dissociation studies were carried out on haemoglobin E (Hb E) at both high
      and low haemoglobin concentrations. Oxygen affinities of fresh red cells from
      three people homozygous for Hb E and from one with Hb E-beta thalassaemia (Hb-E
      trait/beta-thal trait) were low in three out of four patients studied, while the
      oxygen affinity of red cells from an individual with Hb-E was normal 2,3-DPG
      concentration in the fresh cells from the people with homozygous Hb E or Hb-E
      trait/beta-thal trait which showed low oxygen affinities were elevated
      sufficiently to account for the shifts observed. When the cells from two of these
      people with homozygous Hb E were depleted of 2,3-DPG. their oxygen affinities
      became the same as that of similarly treated normal cells. Pure 'stripped' Hb E
      in dilute solution behaved identically to Hb A in respect of P50, Bohr shift,
      haem-haem interaction, and interaction with inorganic phosphate or 2,3-DPG. Hb E,
      therefore, has the same oxypgen dissociation properties as Hb A both in dilute
      solution and in the red cell. The low oxygen affinities found in the fresh cells
      and in whole blood are caused by high 2,3-DPG concentrations within the cell.

PMID- 1201212
TI  - Investigations on antithrombin III in normal plasma and serum.
AB  - Studies on antithrombin III (AT-III) were made by a modification of the two
      dimensional crossed immunoelectrophoresis technique and gel filtration. Mixing
      various quantities of heparin with agarose in the first phase of electrophoresis,
      AT-III from normal human plasma and serum revealed a heterogeneity which depended
      on the heparin concentration in the agarose gel. At heparin concentrations higher
      than 16 u/ml, AT-III displayed three components with different electrophoretic
      mobilities. The component with the highest mobility (designated
      immunoantithrombin III1 : IAT-III1) dominated in plasma. In normal serum,
      however, the quantity of this component was decreased and the two other peaks
      with a slower electrophoretic mobility (IAT-III2 and IAT-III3) became more
      evident. Normal human plasma and serum were filtered on Sephadex G-200 and the AT
      III concentration measured in the fractions by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. The
      peaks of AT-111 were found in the same fractions for both plasma and serum and
      were coincident with the albumin peak of the plasma proteins. However, in the
      case of serum the AT-III concentration decreased less sharply in those fractions
      with higher molecular weight than in the corresponding plasma fractions. Analysis
      of these fractions by crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed that the two
      components with slower electrophoretic mobility (IAT-III2 and IAT-III3) had
      higher molecular size than IAT-III1, that the concentration of IAT-III2 and IAT
      III3 was significantly higher in serum, and that the high molecular weight
      components in plasma and serum were qualitatively identical. It is concluded that
      high molecular weight complexes between AT-III and activated coagulation factors
      may be present in normally circulating blood and that their detection and
      possibly quantitation can be achieved using the heparin/agarose crossed
      immunoelectrophoresis system.

PMID- 1201213
TI  - Surface features of human eosinophils: a scanning and transmission electron
      microscopic study of a case of eosinophilia.
AB  - Cells were obtained from the peripheral blood of a patient with marked non
      leukaemic eosinophilia. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed typical
      mature eosinophils. The surface architecture of eosinophils by scanning electron
      microscopy (SEM) shows that most were spherical with varying numbers of
      microvilli; a smaller proportion of cells had ridge-like profiles, small ruffles
      and occasionally blebs. The surface features of the eosinophil thus resemble most
      lymphocytes and this finding must be considered when leucocyte populations are
      examined by SEM.

PMID- 1201214
TI  - The endotoxin-induced coagulant activity of human monocytes.
AB  - Leucocyte suspensions, exposed to endotoxin in vitro, develop coagulant activity
      which has been identified as tissue factor. Pure suspensions of polymorphonuclear
      (PMN) neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes were exposed to endotoxin and tested
      for tissue factor activity after 4 h incubation at 37 degrees C. The results
      indicate that the monocyte is the cell primarily responsible for the endotoxin
      induced coagulant activity of mixed leucocyte suspensions, the small amount of
      activity demonstrated in PMN neutrophil and in lymphocyte suspensions at high
      cell concentrations being accounted for by monocyte contamination of less than
      1%.

PMID- 1201215
TI  - The concentration dependence of the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin S.
AB  - The effect of the concentration of haemoglobin S (Hb S) on its oxygen
      dissociation properties was studied using either reconstituted Hb-S cells of
      different mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations (MCHCs) prepared by osmotic
      lysis, or cells in which Hb S is diluted by the presence of another haemoglobin.
      Only 4% (phosphate buffer) and 21%(bis Tris) of the low oxygen affinity of fresh
      Hb-S cells was found to be due to their slightly elevated intracellular 2,3-DPG
      concentrations since when the cells were depleted of 2,3-DPG most of the low
      affinity remained. The low affinity showed a marked dependence upon haemoglobin
      concentration which was absent for 2,3-DPG-depleted Hb-A cells and, by
      extrapolation, the MCHC at which the oxygen affinities of the Hb-S cells became
      identical to that of the Hb-A cells was 14.5 g/dl in phosphate buffer and 13.1
      g/dl in bis Tris. Both fresh and 2,3-DPG-depleted cells containing another
      haemoglobin as well as Hb S (Hb-SA, Hb-SC and Hb-SF cells) were also found to
      have low oxygen affinities provided that the intracellular Hb-S
      concentration(MC(Hb-S)C) was above a certain level. These also showed a strong
      dependence upon the MC(Hb-S)C. The mean MC(Hb-S)C at which the low oxygen
      affinities of the DPG-depleted cells were abolished were 8.3 g/dl (phosphate) and
      11.2 g/dl (bis Tris). Hb F in fresh Hb-SF cells brought about a much greater
      increase in oxygen affinity than the same amount of either Hb A or Hb C. In 2,3
      DPG depleted cells Hb A showed a greater ability to 'dilute' the Hb S than did Hb
      C. The conditions for the low oxygen affinity of Hb S were therefore found to be
      very similar to those required for the gelling of both pure Hb S, and Hb S in
      haemoglobin mixtures. It was concluded therefore that the low oxygen affinity of
      the Hb S was caused by the polymerization and that the difference between the
      oxygen affinities of Hb-S and Hb-A cells may be used as a measure of the
      polymerization process.

PMID- 1201216
TI  - Haemoglobin C/alpha thalassaemia: haematological and biosynthetic studies.
AB  - A family with genes for haemoglobin C (Hb C) and alpha thalassaemia was studied.
      The mother had Hb-C trait. The father also had Hb-C trait but in addition
      displayed microcytosis, elevated Hb-F levels and a concentration of Hb-C less
      than usual for heterozygotes. The proband was homozygous for Hb-C but had Hb-F
      levels far exceeding those present in Hb-C disease. Biosynthetic studies of
      globin synthesis in both father and daughter showed a deficit of alpha chains
      relative to non-alpha chains, confirming the presence of alpha thalassaemia. The
      coexistence of alpha thalassaemia influences the level of mutant haemoglobin in
      haemoglobinopathies in which Hb C is present, in a fashion similar to that
      observed in sickle-cell trait.

PMID- 1201217
TI  - G6PD hillbrow: a new variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase associated with
      drug-induced haemolytic anaemia.
AB  - A new genetic variant of the red cell enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is
      described. It was observed in a patient presenting with severe haemolytic anaemia
      and renal failure following ingestion of an overdose of Beserol (paracetamol and
      chlormezanone). The enzyme in the red cell had 12% of the activity of a normal B+
      control, but only slightly lower activity in the kidney compared with a normal
      control. The red cell enzyme showed normal electrophoretic mobility and
      thermostability, a biphasic pH optimum curve, higher than normal utilization of
      the substrate analogues 2-deoxy-glucose-6-phosphate and deamino-NADP, and lower
      than normal Michaelis constants for both substrates, glucose-6-phosphate and
      NADP. The enzyme was strongly inhibited in vitro by high concentrations of
      paracetamol and chlormezanone. The extent of inhibition was similar to that for
      the enzyme from a normal B+ individual.

PMID- 1201218
TI  - Ethanol inhibition of reticulocyte protein synthesis: the role of haem.
AB  - Ethanol, in concentrations of 0.05-0.8 M, inhibited intact human and rabbit
      reticulocyte protein synthesis in the presence of iron-transferrin for endogenous
      haem synthesis. Associated with this effect there was a conversion of
      polyribosomes to monoribosomes and a decreased incorporation of radioactive
      leucine into nascent globin chains. When physiological levels of ethanol (0.05
      0.1 M) were used, these effects were prevented by incubation with 50 muM haemin
      and reversed by removing the alcohol and reincubating with iron-transferrin or
      haemin. The polyribosomal disaggregation was also prevented by stopping ribosomal
      movement with 5 mM cycloheximide. Neither ATP nor GSH levels were altered in the
      presence of ethanol. When non-physiological levels of 0.8 M ethanol were used,
      haemin did not prevent the inhibition of protein synthesis. Likewise, in the
      rabbit reticulocyte cell-free lysate system containing haemin inhibition was
      noted at concentrations greater than 0.05 M ethanol. The polyribosomal
      disaggregation in reticulocytes incubated with 0.8 M ethanol was associated with
      decreased dissociation of monoribosomes into subunits. Similarly, when ribosomes
      were directly suspended cell-free in 0.1 or 0.8 M ethanol there was a decreased
      percentage of subunits. These results indicate that physiological concentrations
      of ethanol inhibit initiation of reticulocyte protein synthesis secondary to a
      block in haem synthesis. When intact cells are exposed to high non-physiological
      concentrations of ethanol the inhibition is secondary to decreased ribosomal
      dissociation. The cell-free lysate inhibition is also through this effect on
      ribosomal dissociation. This study supports the view that alcohol is a direct
      toxin to developing red cell precursors via its effect on mitochondrial haem
      synthesis. The physiological role of the decreased dissociation of monoribosomes
      into subunits is not yet clear.

PMID- 1201219
TI  - Determination of the packed cell volume using 131I-human serum albumin.
AB  - When trace quantities of labelled albumin have been added to blood, the packed
      cell volume (PCV) may be determined by isotope counting using the relationship:
      (plasma counts-blood counts)/(plasma counts). This method for measuring the PCV
      is not affected by plasma trapping between the red cells and the results do not
      depend upon the centrifugation conditions. The PCV determination with labelled
      albumin has a high precision (coefficient of variation = 0.9%) and there is very
      good agreement with the centrifugation PCV using Wintrobe tubes after this
      measurement has been corrected for plasma trapped between the red cells. No
      significant compression of the red cells occurred when the blood samples were
      centrifugated in Wintrobe PCV tubes.

PMID- 1201220
TI  - Letter: Some problems concerning the assay of erythropoietin using the
      haemagglutination inhibition kit.

PMID- 1201221
TI  - The abnormal surface characteristics of the red blood cell membrane in congenital
      dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (HEMPAS).
AB  - The red blood cell membranes of patients with congenital dyserythropoietic
      anaemia Type II (CDA-II) were found to be abnormal. They had altered antigenic
      characteristics, decreased electrophoretic mobility, decreased sialic acid
      content, and abnormal filtration through polycarbonate filters. Proteins
      extracted from the CDA-II erythrocytes showed a different banding pattern on
      polyacrylamide gels compared to normal erythrocytes. Erythrocytes from clinically
      unaffected siblings and parents showed similar but less striking abnormalities of
      antigenic surface characteristics and banding patterns on polyacrylamide gels
      with nearly normal surface charge, sialic acid content, and filtration
      properties. These studies suggest a correlation between the degree of membrane
      abnormality and the clinical state of the CDA-II family member, demonstrate the
      erythrocyte in the heterozygote state is not normal, and support the concept of
      CDA-II as an autosomal recessive disease.

PMID- 1201222
TI  - Observations on the ultrastructure of erythropoietic cells and reticulum cells in
      the bone marrow of patients with homozygous beta-thalassaemia.
AB  - An electron microscopic study of marrow fragments from patients with homozygous
      beta-thalassaemia has shown that 3% of early polychromatic erythroblast profiles
      and 20% of late polychromatic erythroblast profiles contain intracytoplasmic
      alpha-chain precipitates. Various nuclear abnormalities were found including the
      loss of parts of the nuclear membrane and the presence of intranuclear alpha
      chain precipitates, and these abnormalities were virtually confined to the non
      dividing, late polychromatic erythroblasts. As most profiles of the proliferating
      early polychromatic erythroblasts did not contain intracytoplasmic or
      intranuclear alpha-chain precipitates, it is suggested that the arrest of many of
      these cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle may be related to the presence of
      an excess of free alpha-chains rather than to the presence of alpha-chain
      precipitates within them. The cytoplasm of the bone marrow reticulum cells
      contained early and late polychromatic erythroblasts at various stages of
      degradation, providing direct evidence of ineffective erythropoiesis.

PMID- 1201223
TI  - The cellular basis for the defect in haemopoiesis in flexed-tailed mice. III.
      Restriction of the defect to erythropoietic progenitors capable of transient
      colony formation in vivo.
AB  - Three assays for erythropoietic progenitor cells have been applied to mice of
      genotype f/f and to nearly congenic +/+ controls. When f/f mice were tested for
      their ability to generate transient endogenous erythroid spleen colonies 4-6 days
      after 800 rads and 10 units of erythropoietin, the numbers of such colonies
      detected were greatly reduced, although normal numbers of spleen colonies
      appeared at later times (9-12 days) postirradiation. In contrast, cells capable
      of erythropoietic colony formation in culture (CFU-E) were present within the
      normal range in both f/f spleen and marrow and their sensitivity to
      erythropoietin in culture was the same as that found previously for CFU-E in the
      marrow and spleen of +/+ mice. Transfusion-induced plethora reduced the number of
      CFU-E in marrow to a similar extent in both f/f and +/+ mice; likewise,
      subsequent administration of 10 units of erythropoietin induced a rapid return in
      the number of marrow CFU-E in both genotypes. In the spleen, CFU-E numbers were
      approximately three-fold lower in f/f mice in each group. These results support
      the view that the 5 day assay for transient endogenous spleen colonies detects
      cells (TE-CFU) that are different from both CFU-E and pluripotent stem cells (CFU
      S), although possibly overlapping to some extent with the immediate progenitors
      of CFU-E. The results also indicate that the generation or maturation of TE-CFU
      represents a primary site of expression of the f/f defect.

PMID- 1201224
TI  - Pure red cell aplasia: studies on an IgG serum inhibitor neutralizing
      erythropoietin.
AB  - A new type of IgG serum inhibitor in adult pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) has been
      investigated. This inhibitor is directed against circulating erythropoietin (Ep)
      (PRCA type B), rather than the erythroid marrow (PRCA type A). Thus, the IgG
      inhibitor, after interaction with Ep in solution, is precipitated together with
      Ep by addition of goat anti-human gamma-globulins. Pre-therapy PRCA serum,
      although apparently devoid of Ep, shows considerable Ep activity following
      acidification and boiling. The inhibitor is absent from post-therapy serum, while
      Ep levels are elevated. An experimental model for PRCA type B has been
      established in normal mice after prolonged administration of pre-remission serum
      IgG.

PMID- 1201226
TI  - Ferritin synthesis in lymphocytes, polymorphs and monocytes.
AB  - A rapid two-stage method has been devised for the separation of different
      leucocyte populations from human blood. Different cell types can be obtained in
      an undamaged state and with little contamination. Ferritin and total protein
      synthesis has been determined by measuring [14C]leucine incorporation in culture
      media which contain varying amounts of added ferric iron or desferrioxamine. Both
      ferritin and total protein synthesis is greater in monocytes than in lymphocytes
      or polymorphs when the basal medium is used. Only monocytes show a consistent
      increase in ferritin production due to iron stimulation. Ferritin synthesis by
      monocytes, polymorphs and lymphocytes is inhibited in the presence of
      desferrioxamine.

PMID- 1201225
TI  - Utilization of iron dextran in recurrent iron deficiency anaemia.
AB  - Previously published studies have documented a reduction in the rate at which
      iron stores laid down by iron dextran therapy can be utilized for haemoglobin
      synthesis after the acute demands of haemorrhage and phlebotomy. In order to
      determine if a defect in the mobilization of these stores exists in the face of a
      chronic stimulus to red cell production, 93 patients who had previously received
      a total dose infusion of iron dextran were examined for a recurrence of iron
      deficiency anaemia, and in those in whom anaemia had recurred, iron stores were
      assessed by marrow aspiration. Twenty of the 93 patients were found to have
      recurrent iron deficiency anaemia, and marrow aspiration in all failed to
      demonstrate stainable iron stores. Although the rate at which iron dextran can be
      mobilized from storage sites is reduced, the present study demonstrates that
      ultimately these stores are fully utilizable.

PMID- 1201227
TI  - A five year experience of the use of factor IX type DE(I) concentrate for the
      treatment of Christmas disease of Oxford.
AB  - A survey is presented of the use of the Oxford type DE(I) II-IX-X concentrate in
      the treatment of Christmas disease in Oxford from January 1970 to September 1974.
      72 different patients were treated with a total of 2436 bottles of this
      concentrate from 143 different batches (each bottle containing 800-1000 units of
      factor IX). Although most doses were given for the treatment of minor
      haemorrhages into joints and muscles, 717 bottles of concentrate were used to
      treat 11 patients who underwent 14 major surgical operations. No episode of
      intravascular clotting or pulmonary embolism was seen in any patient receiving
      the concentrate. A detailed study of the plasma levels of factor V, VIII, total
      progressive antithrombin, platelets and fibrinogen degradation products was
      carried out before and after transfusion of type DE(I) concentrate in 14
      patients. No significant alteration in those factors was found after the
      transfusion.

PMID- 1201228
TI  - Alternative pathways for the activation of factor XIII.
AB  - Factor XIII is present in plasma as a proenzyme, which when activated catalyses
      the formation of epsilon(gamma-glutamyl)lysyl bonds in fibrin. In this study the
      activation of purified plasma factor XIII was examined quantitatively with the
      fluorescent amine incorporation assay. Activation products were examined by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The serin proteases, thrombin, trypsin,
      chymotrypsin, and factor Xa, and also Reptilase were tested for their ability to
      activate factor XIII. Highly purified thrombins activated purified factor XIII;
      this reaction was not calcium dependent. Trypsin was also a potent activator, but
      no transglutaminase activity was found with chymotrypsin. The most highly
      purified preparations of Reptilase had no effect on factor XIII activity. Less
      purified Reptilase preparations activated factor XIII, which suggests the
      presence of another enzyme in these Reptilase preparations. Highly purified
      factor Xa was found to be an effective activator of purified factor XIII. In
      contrast to thrombin activation, this reaction required calcium. It may be that
      under certain circumstances factor XIIIa could be formed in vivo directly by the
      alternative pathway of factor Xa. Factor XIIIa could then crosslink fibrinogen,
      which would also provide an alternative pathway for thrombus formation. Also, the
      activation of factor XIII by both factor Xa and thrombin provides a further point
      of control in the blood coagulation process.

PMID- 1201229
TI  - Polymerized monoclonal IgA in tuo patients with myelomatosis and hyperviscosity
      syndrome.
AB  - Two cases of multiple myeloma with IgA gammopathy and the syndrome of serum
      hyperviscosity are reported. A common feature of both patients was the production
      of large amounts of polymeric IgA (more than 50% of the monoclonal proteins
      existed as dimers or larger forms). However, similar large amounts of polymeric
      IgA were present in sera with only slightly raised viscosity, suggesting that
      factors such as the molecular configuration of the polymers or their sub-units
      may play a role in determining serum viscosity. The association of plasmapheresis
      and chemotherapy produced remarkable improvements of the symptoms attributable to
      increased serum viscosity, and 16 months after diagnosis one of the patients has
      survived relatively free of symptoms. The hyperviscosity syndrome is being
      diagnosed with increasing frequency in association with IgA multiple myeloma, and
      should be investigated in all cases with monoclonal proteins exceeding a
      concentration of 3-0 g/dl.

PMID- 1201230
TI  - The blood group I and i antigens of amniotic fluid. I. Association of I and i
      antigens with blood group A, B and H antigens.
AB  - Human amniotic fluid has been shown to contain blood group i as well as I
      antigens. Crude extracts of amniotic fluids at 16-23 weeks of gestation were in
      general more active than those obtained at term. A pool of amniotic fluids which
      had A, B, H as well as I and i activity was fractionated with an insolubilized
      anti-I (Group 3 type) immunoadsorbent column. There was evidence for the
      occurrence of I and i determinants on macromolecules carrying A, B and H
      determinants, for the fraction specifically retained by the column was enriched
      by 50-60-fold in I and i activity and by at least 10-fold in A, B and H activity.
      In the fraction not retained by the column there remained the bulk of the A, B, H
      activity in addition to I activity of Group I type which is known to be distinct
      from the Group 3 determinant. With the aid of specific immunochemical
      fractionation procedures, human amniotic fluid should prove useful in structural
      studies of the several I and i determinants and of their relationship to other
      blood group determinants.

PMID- 1201232
TI  - Letter: Human isoferritins.

PMID- 1201231
TI  - Auto-anti-Pra: a 'second' example in a newborn.
AB  - A second example of anti-Pra was recognized in a newborn infant which exhibited
      several signs of development disease. The antibody was complement-fixing 19S IgM
      and showed a high thermal range but no detectable haemolytic anaemia was
      associated. It gave negative reactions with a panel of animal cells as well as
      with two samples of human En(a-) cells. The latter, however, could absorb the
      antibody.

PMID- 1201234
TI  - Abnormal membrane surface properties during maturation of rat reticulocytes
      elicited by bleeding as measured by partition in two-polymer aqueous phases.
AB  - Partition of cells in two-polymer aqueous phases is an extremely sensitive method
      for the separation of cells and for tracing subtle changes in the cells' membrane
      surface properties (primarily surface charge) as a function of in vivo processes
      (e.g. differentiation, maturation, ageing). Combining isotope labelling and cell
      countercurrent distribution techniques we have examined the membrane surface
      properties of rat reticulocytes produced in response to erythroid stress by
      bleeding. It was found that the rapid increase in the partition coefficient of
      normal reticulocytes subsequent to release into the peripheral blood (which
      reflects a rapid increase in membrane surface charge) is absent in reticulocytes
      produced in response to bleeding. In this way the reticulocytes behave like those
      produced in response to repeated phenylhydrazine injections. 'Stress
      reticulocytes' never mature to erythrocytes having normal membrane surface
      properties as judged by partition. The experiments show that our previous results
      are not due to the phenylhydrazine per se but rather to the production of 'stress
      reticulocytes'. Further, if remodelling of the phlebotomy-induced reticulocyte
      cell membrane occurs in the circulation as has been suggested it does not lead to
      a cell with normal membrane surface properties. Whether the abnormal membrane
      surface properties of 'stress reticulocytes' and of the erythrocytes to which
      they give rise affect the cells' life-span is not clear since phenylhydrazine
      induced 'stress reticulocytes' have been reported to have at least a component of
      short-lived cells while the phlebotomy-induced cells are said to have a virtually
      normal life-span. It is likely that reticulocytes produced in severe anaemias, in
      general, mature to erythrocytes having abnormal surface properties (i.e. lower
      membrane surface charge).

PMID- 1201233
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of the bone marrow in sickle cell anaemia. I. The
      structure of sickled erythrocytes and reticulocytes and their phagocytic
      destruction.
AB  - Marrow aspirates from sickle cell patients were examined without prior
      deoxygenation and revealed the presence of a variable proportion (10-30%) of
      sickled red cells and reticulocytes. The main feature of sickled red cells was
      the presence of 17.6 nm fibres arranged in hexagonal order, and to a lesser
      extent in square or rectangular array, to form bundles of varying size and
      compactness which occupied the entire cytoplasm. The sickling pattern in
      reticulocytes was more variable. Some reticulocytes contained highly-ordered
      bundles of 17.6 nm fibres whose structure and distribution was identical to that
      in red cells from whiich they could be distinguished only by their content of
      organelles. Many reticulocytes exhibited less-organized fibre patterns ranging
      from localized aggregates to poorly-ordered regions of short fibres and filaments
      lacking apparent preferential orientation. In these cells, the bulk of the
      cytoplasm was not polymerized. Haemoglobin polymerization in reticulocytes led to
      entrapment of ribosomes in concentrated foci among the fibres. Frequently, iron
      laden mitochondria were associated with sickled reticulocytes. The variation in
      pattern of sickling seen in reticulocytes is attributed to possible differences
      in concentration of Hb S. Correlative studies have shown that fibres were not
      induced by fixation procedures. Marked phagocytic degradation of sickled cells by
      macrophages was observed. The results are interpreted to indicate the possible
      intramedullary phagocytosis of red cells and reticulocytes, predisposed to
      sickling in the marrow. However, the data are also consistent with the removal of
      sickled elements from the circulating blood.

PMID- 1201235
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants from Italian subjects associated with
      severe neonatal jaundice.
AB  - Screening for the G6PD deficiency was carried out at the Maternity Division of
      the Galliera Hospital in Genoa, Italy. Two groups of subjects with
      hyperbilirubinaemia of non-immunological origin were examined: (a) 302 newborn
      babies of Sardinian extraction (on cord blood) and (b) 201 newborn babies of
      south Italian ancestry (on peripheral blood). Among 503 subjects, 43 showed an
      enzyme deficiency; in 39 the defect was of the Mediterranean type. In one case,
      previously described, the enzyme was of the A- type. In the remaining cases three
      different variants were identified. In the present work these three cases, each
      with severe neonatal jaundice, are reported. Their parents originated from
      Calabria, from Sardinia and from Sicily. The abnormal enzymes are respectively
      designated as GdDcbrousse-like,, GdGallura and GdAgrigento.

PMID- 1201236
TI  - The significance of abnormal circulating cells in patients with Hodgkin's
      disease.
AB  - Buffy coat preparations of peripheral blood from two patients with Stage IVB
      Hodgkin's disease, 33 patients with Hodgkin's disease undergoing complete staging
      including laparotomy, 12 normal controls and eight patients with viral upper
      respiratory infections were examined for the presence of abnormal cells.
      Primitive histiocytic cells were seen in the two patients with IVB disease and in
      two patients with IIIB disease all of whom proved to be refractory to
      chemotherapy. Reed-Sternberg cells were seen in one IVB patient. Large cells with
      basophilic, agranular cytoplasm and moderately convoluted nuclei often with a
      perinuclear halo and nucleoli were detected in 30 of 35 patients with Hodgkin's
      disease, five of eight patients with viral infections but in none of 12 normal
      controls. Other abnormal large cells with round nuclei, occasional prominent
      nucleoli, grey to lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm and diffuse granulation were
      seen almost exclusively in Hodgkin's disease. There was no correlation between
      histology, stage, splenic involvement, skin test positivity and response to
      therapy with the presence or frequency of either of these cell types. This
      observation suggests that these cells are more likely to be 'reactive' rather
      than malignant. It is unusual for abnormal histiocytic cells to circulate in
      Hodgkin's disease and their presence may be a poor prognostic sign. The presence
      of other types of large atypical cells is not indicative of either haematogenous
      spread of Hodgkin's disease or of poor prognosis after treatment with
      radiotherapy alone.

PMID- 1201237
TI  - The effect of diet and alcohol on the development of folate deficiency in the
      rat.
AB  - Studies of the rate of depletion of serum and tissue methylated and non
      methylated folates were carried our in rats maintained for long periods on either
      a folate deficient (sucrose-water/sulphathiazole) diet or a deficient diet plus
      high alcohol intake. By means of implantation of a feeding gastrostomy tube, it
      was possible to sustain constant blood ethanol levels of between 50 and 300 mg/dl
      for 3-4 weeks with relatively normal calorie intake and without death of the
      animal. Using this animal model, which closely resembles severe alcoholism in
      man, a very rapid depression in serum 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate was observed
      similar to that reported in alcoholic man. At the same time, release of folates
      from liver stores was umimpaired by alcohol ingestion. Liver folate store
      depletion rates were identical for alcoholic and folate starved animals. The
      explanation for the sudden alcohol suppression of serum folate levels must,
      therefore, be sought at a point in the internal metabolic sequences of folate
      other than the delivery of folate stores to plasma.

PMID- 1201238
TI  - Stimulation by propylthiouracil of the hexose monophosphate shunt in human
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes during phagocytosis.
AB  - The effect of propylthiouracil on glucose metabolism in human polymorphonuclear
      leucocytes was studied. At a therapeutically achievable concentration (0.1 mM),
      propylthiouracil stimulated hexose monophosphate shunt activity in normal
      leucocytes during phagocytosis but not in resting cells. However, in the presence
      of hydrogen peroxide it stimulated hexose monophosphate shunt activity in resting
      cells, and in the soluble fraction when reduced glutathione and reduced
      nictotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) were also present.
      Propylthiouracil had nor effect on glucose-1-C oxidation in either phagocytosing
      or resting leucocytes obtained from two male patients with chronic granulomatous
      disease. Stimulation of the hexose monophosphate shunt activity in normal
      leucocytes during phagocytosis also was demonstrated with methimazole, thiouracil
      and thiourea, but not with adenine, uracil or urea. There was an apparent minimal
      common structure requirement in thriourea. Propylthiouracil had no effect on
      phagocytosis, formate oxidation, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6
      phosphogluconate dehydrogenase or catalase activities. Thus, the stimulation of
      the hexose monophosphate shunt activity by propylthiouracil is dependent on
      hydrogen peroxide and is best explained by its stimulation or participation in
      the glutathione cycle.

PMID- 1201239
TI  - Brain iron: persistent deficiency following short-term iron deprivation in the
      young rat.
AB  - This study was designed to determine the content of non-haem iron in the brain as
      iron deficiency develops in the rapidly growing rat. Rats were provided with
      either an iron-deficient diet or an identical control diet with added ferrous
      sulphate starting at 10 d of age and continuing after weaning at 21 d. At 28 d or
      48 d of age the deficient animals received 5 mg of iron (iron dextran) i.m. and
      were placed on the control diet regimen. The deficient animals had a
      concentration of non-haem iron in the brain that was 27% below the control value
      at 28 d and 22% below at 48 d. After 14-45 d of iron treatment, the non-haem iron
      remained depressed, 19-29% below the control means (P less tha 0.05 to 0.001).
      Ferritin iron in brain also remained depressed, 33-42% below the control means (P
      less than 0.01). In contrast, haematocrit, liver non-haem iron, and liver
      ferritin iron, although they were more profoundly depressed in the iron-deficient
      animals, promptly returned to control values after treatment with iron. Thus, a
      brief period of severe iron deficiency in the young rat resulted in a deficit of
      brain iron that persisted in the adult animal despite an adequate intake of iron.

PMID- 1201240
TI  - Functional and metabolic studies of platelets from patients with Lesch-Nyhan
      syndrome.
AB  - Platelet function was investigated in three patients with the Lesch-Nyhan
      syndrome. Platelet count, morphology and size distribution was normal in all
      patients. Platelet turnover was normal. Electron microscopy did not reveal any
      ultrastructural abnormality. Template bleeding times were normal and prolonged
      after aspirin ingestion in two out of the three patients: the patient that failed
      to respond to the aspirin challenge also had decreased retention of platelets on
      a glass bead column. Biochemical studies revealed that total platelet ATP was
      reduced by 34% in the presence of a normal level of ADP in the storage pool.
      These platelets failed to incorporate radioactive hypoxanthine but did
      incorporate radioactive adenine to produce adenine nucleotides and a trace amount
      of guanine nucleotides. The results indicate that normal platelets have a
      functionally intact pathway for utilizing hypoxanthine as a source of preformed
      purine, and that the failure to salvage this purine, as in the Lesch-Nyhan
      syndrome, results in a decreased level of total platelet ATP. These findings
      suggest that platelets can function normally despite a one third reduction in
      total ATP content.

PMID- 1201241
TI  - Heterogeneity of rabbit platelets. V. Preferential splenic sequestration of
      megathrombocytes.
AB  - Rabbits were either splenectomized or subjected to splenic blockade with
      phenylhydrazine in order to determine the splenic platelet and megathrombocyte
      (large-platelet) pools. The average splenic platelet pool calculated from both
      methods was 35% of total platelets. The average splenic megathrombocyte pool was
      54% of total megathrombocytes. Adrenaline injection into rabbits or dogs revealed
      a rapid increase in both platelet count and megathrombocyte number which peaked
      at 2-6 min and returned toward normal in 5-10 min. The platelet volume
      distribution curve was shifted to the right, indicating the release of large
      platelets (megathrombocytes) into the circulation. The peak rise in
      megathrombocyte number was significantly greater than the peak rise in platelet
      count. Rabbits subjected to splenic massage shifted their platelet volume
      distribution curve to the right in the absence of a rise in platelet count. It is
      concluded that the spleen preferentially sequesters megathrombocytes.

PMID- 1201242
TI  - Cattle haemoglobin--a possible dietary iron supplement.

PMID- 1201243
TI  - The intercellular content of the three transcobalamins at various stages of
      normal and leukaemic myleoid cell development.
AB  - A study of the three serum transcobalamins (TC) in myeloproliferative disorders
      and acute leukaemia has suggested a granulocyte origin for the three binders; the
      later stages of this cell line might be releasing 'TC I' and 'TC III' while 'TC
      II' which is increased in sera from patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia,
      probably originates at least in part from myeloblasts. The intracellular content
      of each TC has been studied in normal and leukaemic bone marrow cells after
      separation on a discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradient. Myeloblasts contain
      a TC II-like protein almost exclusively but promyelocytes contain a TC I-like
      protein which increases as the cells mature whilst 'TC II' decreases. A TC III
      like binder parallels 'TC I' but appears later and reaches a maximum in the
      polymorphonuclear cells. In various types of leukaemia, abnormal TC distributions
      are related either to marrow replacement by the blast cells or to a disorder of
      the maturation process in the leukaemic cell line.

PMID- 1201244
TI  - Binding of vitamin B12--rat transcobalamin II and free vitamin B12 to plasma
      membranes isolated from rat liver.
AB  - When dialysed rat serum which contains a single, low molecular weight binder for
      vitamin B12, rat transcobalamin II (rat TC-II), was labelled in vitro with 57Co
      vitamin B12 and then incubated at 30 degrees C (pH 7-5) with vesicles of highly
      purified plasma membranes separated from microsomal fractions of rat liver by
      density gradient centrifugation, the 57Co-vitamin B12-rat TC-II complex bound to
      high affinity sites on the vesicles via a specific (binding after correction for
      'non-specific' binding in the presence of a large excess of the non-radioactive
      complex), saturable, and reversible interaction. The apparent affinity constant
      for the binding reaction was 5-5 X 10(9) M-1. Using the same incubation
      conditions, free vitamin B12 also bound to the vesicles of plasma membranes via a
      specific, saturable, but apparently irreversible interaction. Preincubation of
      the membranes with free vitamin B12 did not interfere with the subsequent binding
      of the vitamin B12-rat TC-II complex to the membranes; however, preincubation
      with the vitamin B12-rat TC-II complex did interfere, to some extent, with the
      subsequent binding of free vitamin B12. Dialysed rat serum, perhaps the free rat
      TC-II in the dialysed serum, also inhibited the binding of the vitamin B12-rat TC
      II complex to the plasma membranes. The relationship of the binding sites
      identified in this report to the absorption of vitamin B12 by rat liver, and thus
      their physiological significance remains unknown until further work is done,
      perhaps using intact hepatocytes.

PMID- 1201245
TI  - The anti-folate effect of methionine on bone marrow of normal and vitamin B12
      deficient rats.
AB  - The effects of dietary vitamin B12 and methionine deficiency, and the in vitro
      addition of methionine, homocysteine, or folic acid on the methylation of dUMP to
      dTMP were studied in rat bone marrow culture. Vitamin B12 or methionine
      deficiency had no effect on the methylation reaction or on bone marrow folate
      levels although the vitamin B12 content in bone marrow was reduced in vitamin B12
      deficiency. In vitro addition of vitamin B12 or folic acid also had no effect on
      the methylation of dUMP. In vitro addition of methionine reduced the methylation
      of dUMP and increased the proportion of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate at the expense
      of other folate coenzymes. The reason for this 'anti-folate' effect of
      methionine, which is the opposite to that found in liver, was not clear. The
      presence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate
      homocysteine methyltransferase were confirmed in rat bone marrow and they were
      inhibited by S-adenosylmethionine and methionine, respectively, in a similar
      fashion to that found with the liver enzymes. Homocysteine had no effect on the
      proportions of the various folate coenzymes in bone marrow but did inhibit the
      incorporation of deoxyuridine and deoxythymidine into DNA. It appeared that
      homocysteine exerted at a non-folate dependent step beyond the formation of dTMP.

PMID- 1201246
TI  - Stimulation of erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity by flavin adenine
      dinucleotide (FAD) in Malaysian adults and newborns and their parents.
AB  - A study of glutathione reductase (GR) activity and its stimulation by flavin
      adenine dinucleotide (FAD) in erythrocytes of Malaysian newborns and adults of
      different racial groups showed that GR stimulation by FAD was greater than 20% in
      50% of 866 newborns (57% of Malays, 55% of Indians and 41% of Chinese) and 54% of
      274 adults (46% of Malays, 65% of Indians and 45% of Chinese). There was a
      significant negative correlation between GR activity and percentage FAD
      stimulation in both newborns and adults in all racial groups. Low GR activity and
      a high percentage FAD stimulation were more prevalent among parents of newborns
      with low GR activity than among parents of newborns with higher GR activity.
      Administration of riboflavin to mothers with low GR activity resulted in
      increased GR activity and a decreased percentage of FAD stimulation. None of the
      individuals examined had clear clinical manifestations of riboflavin deficiency.
      It is concluded that subclinical riboflavin deficiency leading to low GR activity
      is prevalent in Malaysia among adults and newborns, especially among Malays and
      Indians.

PMID- 1201247
TI  - Effects of ADP and ATP on bovine fibrinogen- and ristocetin-induced platelet
      aggregation in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia.
AB  - With thrombasthenic platelets, aggregation induced by ristocetin (R) and bovine
      fibrinogen (BF) is reversible, provided ATP is not added to the system. ADP
      inhibits BF and R induced aggregation, and when added after the onset of
      aggregation causes rapid disaggregation. ATP prevents these inhibitory and
      disaggregation effects of ADP. A mechanism is suggested whereby co-operative
      effects occur between receptors in the membranes of thrombasthenic platelets.

PMID- 1201248
TI  - Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase as a marker of cell maturity: a quantitative
      cytochemical and autoradiographic study.
AB  - A sensitive and reproducible cytochemical technique for the demonstration of
      leucocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) has been evaluated. It produces a stable
      reaction product which can be readily quantified microphotometrically. In the
      circulating neutrophil polymorphonuclear leucocytes of rats the mean LAP levels
      measured in this way fluctuated only slightly from day to day. A highly
      significant correlation was demonstrated between LAP levels of neutrophils and
      their age, determined by isotope labelling with tritiated thymidine and by
      nuclear morphology. The correlation between the age of neutrophils and the
      complexity of their nuclear morphology has also been confirmed. The technique
      provides a useful tool for the study of leucocyte kinetics in disease states.

PMID- 1201249
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of the bone marrow in sickle cell anaemia. II. The
      morphology of erythropoietic cells and their response to deoxygenation in vitro.
AB  - Electron microscopic studies of bone marrow aspirates obtained from patients with
      homozygous sickle cell anaemia (HbSS) were fixed immediately without attempts to
      deoxygenate the samples. Erythroblasts and normoblasts in these preparations were
      devoid of haemoglobin polymers or other indications of sickling. Furthermore, the
      nucleated erythroid cells from sickle-cell patients presented an ultrastructural
      morphology indistinguishable from that of identically-processed erythroid cells
      in marrow samples from normal human volunteers. This report presents a
      description of the ultrastructural features of pronormoblasts and normoblasts in
      normal and sickle-cell marrows and stresses the essentially normal appearance of
      nucleated erythroid elements in sickle cell anaemia. Exposure of sickle-cell
      marrow aspirates to nitrogen at 37 degrees C for 30 min resulted in haemoglobin
      polymerization in most erythrocytes and reticulocytes but only in 10-20% of the
      nucleated erythroid cells. Haemoglobin polymers in the form of intertwining fibre
      meshworks were observed in reticulocytes, orthochromatic and polychromatophilic
      normoblasts, but were absent in basophilic normoblasts and pronormoblasts. The
      results suggest that the concentration of haemoglobin in intramedullary
      normoblasts may be the limiting factor determining the predisposition of these
      cells to undergo sickling as well as the pattern of haemoglobin aggregation.
      Under the physiological conditions prevailing in the marrow, haemoglobin
      concentration in normoblasts may be insufficient to result in aggregation and
      polymerization.

PMID- 1201250
TI  - Splenectomy in homozygous beta thalassaemia: a retrospective study of 30
      patients.
AB  - In order to clarify the indications for splenectomy in patients with homozygous
      beta thalassaemia we studied, retrospectively, the basal pre-transfusion
      haemoglobin levels and blood transfusion requirements before and after
      splenectomy, in a series of patients with this disorder. Thirty-six patients, of
      whom 20 underwent splenectomy, were included in this study. Three groups of
      patients with homozygous beta thalassaemia were identified on the basis of
      clinical and laboratory findings. Two of the three groups consisted of 24
      patients with beta thalassaemia major, subdivided retrospectively according to
      their response to splenectomy. The third group consisted of six patients with
      beta thalassaemia intermedia who had a comparably mild clinical course. In the
      first group of 16 patients with beta thalassemia major, monthly transfusions were
      required from the age of 6 months to 24 months and splenectomy resulted in
      temporary improvement for a period of 1-2 years. Thereafter, the transfusion
      requirements returned to pre-operative levels with no sustained improvements in
      base-line pretransfusion haemoglobin levels. Despite the fact that haematological
      improvement was temporary, it is felt that splenectomy is indicated in this group
      since the development and the general well-being of the children was
      significantly improved. In the second group of eight patients with beta
      thalassaemia major, transfusion requirements were relatively infrequent before 1
      2 years, but after several years the transfusion requirement increased
      simultaneously with the development of 'hypersplenism'.

PMID- 1201251
TI  - Regeneration of intact spleen in a heterotropic site in splenectomized mice.
AB  - The regeneration of intact spleens implanted in the sacrospinal areas of
      splenectomized mice was studied by light microscopy. The weight of the implanted
      tissue was not fully regenerated 50 days after implantation. The pattern of
      embryonic development of the spleen was investigated and the histologic
      appearance of the implant 46 days after implantation resembled that of normal
      spleen. The appearance of primitive myelopoietic stem in cells in the early
      phases of regeneration makes this an attractive model in which to study the
      biologic effects of tumour viruses.

PMID- 1201252
TI  - Detection of haemophilia carriers.

PMID- 1201253
TI  - Methaemoglobinaemia at high altitude.

PMID- 1201254
TI  - Classification of radiological appearance and the derivation of a numerical
      score.
AB  - Approaches to the use of the International Labour Office U/C Classification of
      radiological appearances are considered in the context of multiple readers
      recording different degrees of abnormality. The Panel on Survey Radiology has
      been set up to provide a basis for standardization. An example of how the panel
      may be used in this role is given. The approach will depend on the standards
      maintained by the panel and on a greater understanding of the appearances
      associated with differing exposures.

PMID- 1201255
TI  - Comparative study of the smooth muscle contractor activity of airborne dusts and
      of dustiness in cotton, flax, and jute mills.
AB  - A bioassay technique using isolated guinea-pig ileum was employed to compare the
      smooth muscle contractor activity of various dusts from mills in which the
      prevalence of byssinosis was known. The activity of dust from a mill spinning a
      coarse grade of cotton was several times greater than that in dust from a mill
      processing a fine grade of cotton. There was a similar order in the difference of
      the prevalence of byssinosis in these mills. However, the activities of fine
      cotton, flax, and jute dusts were very similar to each other, in spite of marked
      differences in the prevalence of byssinosis in these mills. For cotton dust,
      smooth muscle contractor activity was associated with all particle sizes,
      although the lowest level of activity was found in the largest sized fraction
      (less than 2 mm). Activity in the cotton dust extracts was not correlated with
      nitrogen, carbohydrate, or potassium content. However, about one-fifth of the
      activity of a cotton dust extract was associated with an insoluble particulate
      fraction. The possible chemical nature of the water-soluble contractor agent is
      discussed. It is concluded that, until the role of this agent in the pathogenesis
      of byssinosis has been established, the bioassay technique cannot be employed as
      a means of assessing the byssinogenic potential of cotton dust.

PMID- 1201256
TI  - Epidemiological investigation of the role of family susceptibility and
      occupational and family histories in the development of byssinosis among workers
      exposed to flax dust.
AB  - Epidemiological investigation of 475 workers exposed to dust in flax processing
      has shown that family susceptibility has a decisive role in the development of
      byssinosis in those workers. Workers whose fathers had occupational history of
      exposure to flax dust were more resistant to the development of the disease than
      those whose fathers had no such history. Such tolerance was much higher in
      workers whose fathers were byssinotic than those with byssinosis-free fathers.
      Further hereditary and immunological investigations are, however, needed.

PMID- 1201257
TI  - Occupational asthma after inhalation of dust of the proteolytic enzyme, papain.
AB  - Papain is a proteolytic enzyme widely used by biochemists. In experiments on
      animals papain has been shown to cause emphysema either when they inhaled a
      single small dose or after intratracheal inhalation. Four food technologists were
      occupationally exposed to heavy concentrations of papain dust in air. Subjects 1
      and 2 developed an immediate acute asthmatic reaction, and symptoms of
      obstructive airways disease persisted for some months while each remained in the
      same working area, presumably exposed to small gradually diminishing amounts of
      residual papain dust. Tests of respiratory function were carried out on all four
      subjects 1 1/2 years later and showed in subjects 1 and 3 minimal abnormality of
      bronchial reactivity and of ventilation distribution. Review of the literature
      reveals only two reports of asthma resulting from papain inhalation, although its
      antigenic and skin sensitizing qualities have been known and described for many
      years. It seems remarkable that a substance such as papain, shown to be a potent
      cause of lung damage in experimental animals, should have produced so little
      evidence of abnormality in our subjects after considerable exposure. Follow-up
      ventilatory function tests may cast further light on this but we postulate that
      the asthmatic response may be biologically protective and those lacking this
      reaction could later develop emphysema as a long-term outcome.

PMID- 1201258
TI  - Effect of hydrofluoric acid on glucose metabolism of the mouse studied by whole
      body autoradiography.
AB  - Distribution of radioactive carbon from [U-14C]glucose in the mouse poisoned by
      hydrofluoric acid has been studied by whole-body autoradiography. Under normal
      conditions, the highest autoradiographic density was found in the Harder's gland,
      palatine gland, sublingual gland, large intestinal mucosa, and many regions of
      the central nervous system 30 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of [U
      14C]glucose. On the other hand, after hydrofluoric acid poisoning, it was found
      that (1) the radioactivity of brain was unchanged throughout all the poisoning;
      (2) the liver, renal cortex, lung, and blood showed an increase in radioactivity
      at 180 minutes of poisoning; (3) the abdominal cavity showed a tendency to
      residual radioactivity with the poisoning; (4) by contrast, Harder's gland, the
      palatine gland, sublingual gland, and large intestinal mucosa showed a decrease
      in radioactivity at 180 minutes of poisoning.

PMID- 1201259
TI  - The effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on the retention and excretion of
      lead in rats.
AB  - 1. Rats were given diets containing different amounts of calcium, phosphorus and
      lead. 2. Pb retention was greatly increased when the diets contained less Ca or P
      than the minimum estimated requirement of the rat. 3. The release of Pb already
      incorporated into the skeleton was inhibited by diets low in Ca but was not
      affected by diets low in P. 4. The retention of Pb given intraperitoneally was
      not affected by dietary Ca or P. 5. It can be concluded that dietary Ca and P
      influence the absorption of Pb by the gut and dietary Ca influences the
      metabolism of Pb in the bone. 6. There were changes in the distribution of Pb
      among the tissues due to changes of dietary Ca. 7. At low body concentrations, Pb
      probably affected skeletal growth.

PMID- 1201260
TI  - The effect of feeding high levels of low-quality proteins to growing chickens.
AB  - 1. Three growth trials were done using male broiler chicks. In the first two
      trials, groundnut meal was used, with and without supplementary methionine and
      lysine. In the third trial, soya-bean meal was used with and without
      supplementary methionine. Protein levels ranged in the first trial from 120 to
      420 g/kg diet and in the third trial from 120 to 300 g/kg diet. Thus the assumed
      minimal amino acid requirements of the chick were supplied by high levels of low
      quality dietary protein. 2. Diets based on cereals and groundnut meal did not
      support maximum live-weight gain or maximum efficiency of food utilization at any
      level of dietary protein. When the principal deficiencies of lysine and
      methionine were corrected, this protein mixture was capable of supporting the
      same growth rate as a control diet of cereals and herring meal. 3. Diets based on
      maize and soya-bean meal did not support quite the same growth rate as similar
      diets supplemented with methionine, even though the protein level in the
      unsupplemented diets was sufficient to meet the assumed methionine requirements.
      4. These results are interpreted as examples of amino acid imbalance in diets
      composed of familiar feeding-stuffs. It is concluded that one cannot assume that
      the poor quality of a protein source can always be offset by increasing the
      concentration of dietary protein.

PMID- 1201261
TI  - The effect of glucose infusion on the plasma free amino acids in sheep.
AB  - 1. Glucose in solution in saline, or saline alone, was administered to a group of
      twenty ewes during late pregnancy and again after lambing. Sequential blood
      samples were taken before and after the infusion and the concentration of plasma
      free amino acids was determined. 2. The effect of glucose was to reduce the
      concentrations of all amino acids except alanine. The reduction was greatest for
      tryptophan in the pregnant sheep, but this amino acid showed no significant
      change in the lactating animals. 3. An attempt to rank the amino acids on the
      basis of their response to glucose infusion indicated  that, with the exception
      of tryptophan for the preparturient ewes, groups of essential amino acids could
      not be distinguished from each other. These groups were, for the preparturient
      sheep, valine, leucine, phenylalanine and isoleucine, and for the postparturient
      animals, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, valine and phenylalanine.

PMID- 1201262
TI  - Studies on the nutrition of marine flatfish. The thiamin requirement of turbot
      (Scophthalmus maximus).
AB  - 1. Seven groups of young turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were given diets
      containing graded levels of thiamin (0-19--50 mg/kg) for 16 weeks and their
      growth rate was measured during this period. 2. Good growth was obtained on all
      these treatments except in the group given the lowest dietary thiamin level (0-19
      mg/kg). These fish grew normally until the 12th week but thereafter their weight
      did not increase. 3. Measurements of erythrocyte transketolase (sedoheptulose-7
      phosphate: D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehydetransferase; EC 2.2.1.1)
      activity at the end of the experiment and of percentage stimulation of
      erythrocyte transketolase by thiamin pyrophosphate indicated that the apoenzyme
      was saturated with coenzyme at a dietary thiamin level of 2-6 mg/kg, but not at 1
      1 mg/kg. 4. An 8th group of turbot given the thiamin antagonist pyrithiamin (40
      mg/kg diet) grew normally for 6 weeks. Thereafter mortalities began to occur and
      all fish died by the 10th week. No clear-cut signs of thiamin deficiency were
      observed. 5. The dietary thiamin requirement of turbot is much lower than
      published requirements of freshwater fish other than carp (Cyprinus carpio) and
      appears to be between 0-6 and 2-6 mg/kg diet.

PMID- 1201263
TI  - Variations in the apparent nutrient content of foods: a study of sampling error.
AB  - 1. Successive portions of boiled and mashed potatoes, roast pork, cooked, freeze
      dried peas and ice-cream were taken in order to determine the total (sampling and
      experimental) error involved in the 'duplicate analysis' method of dietary
      survey. 2. These samples were analysed for water, nitrogen, fat, iron and energy.
      3. The experimental error of the methods was also studied separately. 4. The
      sampling and experimental errors ranged from 0-3% for water in potatoes, to 23%
      for Fe in ice-cream. Sampling error was significantly greater than experimental
      error for all nutrients studied. 5. It is concluded that in reporting the results
      from dietary surveys, it is necessary to take account of the erros inherent even
      in the most precise methods.

PMID- 1201264
TI  - Vitamin B12 metabolism in the fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). The induction of
      vitamin B12 deficiency and its effect on folate levels.
AB  - 1. Vitamin B12 metabolism was studied in bats of the species Rousettus
      aegyptiacus, which live on an all-fruit diet in the wild. 2. There was a wide
      range in values for the serum vitamin B12 concentration of newly captured bats,
      but bats captured in the early spring had significantly higher mean serum vitamin
      B12 levels than bats captured in the early autumn. 3. There was an exponential
      decrease in serum vitamin B12 concentration with time in captivity for bats fed
      on a vitamin B12-deficient, all-fruit diet; the biological half-life was 80 d in
      serum, 109 d in liver and 164 d in kidney. 4. The main storage organ for vitamin
      B12 in the bats was the liver, mean content 1067 ng vitamin B12. After 50 d,
      injected [57Co]cyanocobalamin had equilibrated with body vitamin B12 stores, and
      17% of the retained radioactivity was present in the liver. From these results it
      was calculated that the total body vitamin B12 content of the bat was c. 6500 ng.
      5. The biological half-life of injected [57Co]cyanocobalamin was 70--88 d and the
      calculated daily requirement was 50--60 ng (0-2 mug/kg body-weight per d). 6. As
      serum vitamin B12 levels decreased, serum folate levels increased. The
      erythrocyte folate concentration increased significantly after 130 d on the all
      fruit diet and then decreased to the initial values after 190 d. 7. Vitamin B12
      metabolism in the fruit bat is similar in many respects to that of man, but on a
      'weight-for-weight' basis the bat has a 5- to 15-fold greater requirement for
      this vitamin. 8. Vitamin B12 deficiency may be induced fairly rapidly in fruit
      bats fed on an all-fruit diet.

PMID- 1201265
TI  - The role of organic sulphur in the copper-molybdenum-S interrelationship in
      ruminant nutrition.
AB  - 1. The ability of organic and inorganic sulphur to influence the copper and
      molybdenum metabolism of sheep was compared in a series of three 2 X 2 factorial
      design experiments. In each experiment, four groups of five to seven
      hypocupraemic ewes were repleted with a basal diet supplemented with 6 mg Cu/kg
      and containing S and Mo at one of two concentrations, 1 or 4 g S and 0-5 or 4-5
      mg Mo/kg respectively. Sodium sulphate (Expt I), methionine (Expt 2) or cysteine
      (Expt 3) were used as the S sources. Cu and Mo concentrations in plasma were
      estimated in each experiment and in Expt 3 the concentrations of Cu in liver and
      Mo in urine were also estimated. 2. The effects of the three S sources on Cu and
      Mo metabolism were similar. Repletion of the plasma Cu pool was unaffected by Mo
      alone, reduced by S alone and totally inhibited by Mo+S. Plasma Mo was greatly
      increased by Mo supplements, slightly decreased by S supplements and unaffected
      by Mo and S supplements given together. 3. In Expt 3 the treatments were found to
      affect urinary Mo and plasma Mo in a similar manner; S prevented dietary Mo from
      increasing Mo excretion. The only group to show a significant repletion of the
      liver Cu pool was that given Mo alone. 4. Supplementation of the diet with
      organic S significantly reduced the within-treatment variation in plasma Cu and
      Mo. liver Cu and urinary Mo. 5. It is suggested that variations in dietary S and
      Mo within the normal range for herbage affect the Cu and Mo metabolism of the
      grazing animal, and that total S rather than inorganic S is the more useful
      measurement in the context of the Cu-Mo-S interrelationship.

PMID- 1201266
TI  - Effects of severe energy and protein deficiencies on the fibres and nuclei in
      skeletal muscle of pigs.
AB  - 1. Measurements have been made of the size and number of muscle fibres and number
      of nuclei in a small indicator muscle (m. flexor digiti V brevis) in the fore
      foot of the pig. Well-nourished, 10-d-old and 1-year-old animals were studied, as
      well as 1- and 2-year-old animals that were severely energy-deficient and protein
      deficient. 2. The normal 1-year-old animals had much larger muscle fibres, with
      more nuclei, than the pigs in any of the other groups. 3. There were no
      significant differences between the numbers of fibres in the muscles of pigs in
      any of the four groups. 4. There was a significant difference between the number
      of fibres in the muscles of pigs coming from different litters, irrespective of
      their dietary history after birth. This suggests that the number of fibres is
      determined genetically before birth, and all that can take place after birth is
      an alteration in size.

PMID- 1201267
TI  - New inhibitors of methane production by rumen micro-organisms. Development and
      testing of inhibitors in vitro.
AB  - 1. A procedure is described for assaying in vitro the activity of various
      inhibitors of methane production by rumen micro-organisms. 2. Methods of
      preparation of various inhibitors are described together with attempts to
      characterize these compounds by determining their physical properties (physical
      state, density, chromatographic behaviour), their hydrolysis by rumen contents
      and their relative potency as inhibitors. 3. The results of preliminary studies
      with trichloroethanol and its ester with pivalic acid are given. 4. The
      inhibitory activities of several groups of related compounds are reported. These
      include the polyhalogenated alcohols and their esters with pivalic acid, the
      esters of trihalogenated alcohols and monobasic fatty acids from C2 and C16 and
      the trihalogenated alcohol esters of dibasic acids. The results of experiments
      with esters of alcohols and polyhalogenated carboxylic and sulphonic acids are
      also given. 5. It is concluded that the mechanism of action of the inhibitors
      might be similar to that of known polyhalogenated methane analogues (e.g.
      chloroform). The relative activity of various compounds might be partly governed
      by the ease of their absorption into the microbial cells and by the extent to
      which the esters can be hydrolysed by rumen contents. 6. The results show that
      some substances are very poor inhibitors, unless they are esterified (e.g.
      trichloroacetic acid) but on the whole the esters in which the polyhalogen
      grouping is on the alcohol portion of the molecule are better inhibitors than
      those in which it is on the acid portion of the molecule.

PMID- 1201268
TI  - New inhibitors of methane production by rumen micro-organisms. Experiments with
      animals and other practical possibilities.
AB  - 1. Two inhibitors of rumen methane production were given to sheep and their
      effects were measured using an in vitro technique. 2. The substances used were
      trichloroethyl pivalate (TCE-P) and trichloroethyl adipate (TCE-A). In one
      experiment with two sheep TCE-P was injected into the rumen and in another
      experiment with two sheep the same inhibitor was mixed with the food just before
      feeding. In another experiment, TCE-A was given to two sheep at two dose levels,
      and in an experiment with four sheep two levels of inhibitor and two levels of
      diet were used. 3. In general the inhibition of methane production was greater
      with samples of rumen contents taken after feeding than with those taken before
      feeding. When sheep were given 120--300 mg TCE-P/d the inhibition of methane
      production ranged from 21 to 81%. When sheep given maintenance rations were given
      125-300 mg TCE-A/d there was 28--90% inhibition of methane production. When sheep
      were given twice maintenance rations 150 mg TCE-A/d gave no inhibition and 300 mg
      TCE-A/d gave very low inhibition of methane production (about 16%). 4. In most
      experiments there was a significant increase in the propionic acid:acetic acid
      concentration ratio in the rumen when methane production was inhibited. 5. The
      possible practical use of inhibitors is discussed.

PMID- 1201269
TI  - Serum colloidal osmotic pressure in the development of kwashiorkor and in
      recovery: its relationship to albumin and globulin concentrations and oedema.
AB  - 1. Serum colloidal osmotic pressure was measured in children 'at risk' to
      kwashiorkor, in other with frank signs of the disease and during recovery.
      Simultaneous estimations of serum albumin and globulin concentrations and
      assessments of the extent of oedema were also made. 2. During the development of
      kwashiorkor, serum colloidal osmotic pressure did not decrease significantly
      until albumin concentration was 25-1--27-5 g/l. Above 30-0 g/1, colloidal osmotic
      pressure was maintained at normal levels during which time a significant
      reciprocal relationship existed between albumin and globulin concentrations.
      These findings provide support for suggestions that there may be on oncotic
      regulation of albumin synthesis. 3. Low albumin concentrations were mainly
      responsible for the low colloidal osmotic pressures found in children with
      kwashiorkor and in agreement and previous findings the threshold for the
      formation of oncotic oedema was found to be about 2-35--2-65 kN/m2. 4. Values for
      colloidal osmotic pressure calculated from serum albumin and gobulin
      concentrations using emprical formulas did not agree well with measured values
      and no constant correction factor suitable over the whole range of albumin
      concentrations found in rural Ugandan children could be devised. In many
      hypoalbuminaemic children ony direct measurement of serum colloidal pressure will
      indicate the true extent of risk to an episode of oedema.

PMID- 1201270
TI  - Some observations on the possible nutritional significance of vitamin B12-and
      folate-binding proteins in milk. Absorption of [58Co]cyanocobalamin by suckling
      piglets.
AB  - 1. A study was made of absorption of [58Co]cyanocobalamin in suckling piglets.
      Cyanocobalamin given at birth and at 7 d of age was efficiently absorbed from the
      intestine and retained within the body, mostly in the liver. A 10 mug test dose
      was absorbed no less efficiently than 2-5 mug, despite the virtual absence of
      intrinsic factor in the gut. In piglets given a 10 mug test dose at different
      ages between 2-5 and 56 d, there was a marked decrease in the efficiency of
      retention between about 7 and 21 d of age. 2. Vitamin B12-binding capacity in the
      gastric muscosa increased with age, from 40 ng at birth to about 2000 ng at 14 d
      and 7000 ng at 35 d. This binder-protein was largely endogenous, whereas much of
      the unsaturated binder-protein in intestinal mucosa was apparently derived from
      milk. 3. The chyme in the stomach and small intestine contained unsaturated
      binder-protein, partly endogenous and partly deriving from milk, which prevented
      uptake of added [G-3H]-cyanocobalamin into the 'solids' phase of the intestinal
      contents. The intestinal chyme contained large numbers (log10 7-0--9-1/ml) of
      bacteria, some of which were isolated and shown to take up cyanocobalamin or
      folic acid or both. 4. The finings are discussed in relation to the concept that
      for some days or wekks after the cessation of transport of inact protein across
      the neonatal gut epithelium ('closure'), protein-bound vitamins may continue to
      be taken up into the epithelial cells and there released for transport into the
      circulation. It is concluded that unsaturated vitamin-binders may strongly
      influence the ecology of the intestinal microflora.

PMID- 1201271
TI  - Metabolic studies of [75Se]selenocystine and [75Se]selenomethionine in the rat.
AB  - 1. The long-term fate in rats of an oral dose of [75Se]selenocystine was compared
      with that of an oral dose of [75Se]selenomethionine. 2. Urinary and faecal
      radioactivities were measured during the 1st week and whole-body radioactivity
      was determined for 10 weeks. Rats were killed at weekly intervals for 4 weeks and
      at weeks 6 and 10 for analysis of tissue distribution of 75Se. 3. Intestinal
      absorption of [75Se]selenocystine was 81% of the administered dose; that of
      [75Se]selenomethionine was 86%. Urinary excretion of absorbed [75Se]selenocystine
      was 13-9% and that of [75Se]selenomethionine was 5-8% in the 1st week. 4. Whole
      body retention of 75Se was greater for [75Se]selenomethionine than for
      [75Se]selenocystine but after the 1st week it decreased at a similar rate in both
      groups. Tissue distribution of retained 75Se was also similar in both groups. 5.
      The initial utilization of [75Se]selenocystine was different from that of
      [75Se]selenomethionine. However, after the 1st week 75Se from both sources
      appeared to be metabolized similarly, suggesting that dietary Se of both forms is
      ultimately incorporated into the same metabolic pool. 6. When these findings were
      compared with those of earlier studies with [75Se]selenite and 75Se incorporated
      in vivo into rabbit kidney (RK-64Se) (Thomson, Stewart & Robinson, 1975) the
      metabolism of [75Se]selenocystine resembled that of [75Se]selenite and RK-75Se,
      rather than that of [75Se]selenomethionine.

PMID- 1201272
TI  - A dietary survey of older people in Edinburgh.
AB  - 1. Dietary histories covering 1 week were obtained from 212 men and 263 women,
      aged 62--90 years, who formed a random sample of the older people living in a
      defined area of Edinburgh. The histories were validated by 2 d weighed-diet
      records for 219 of the subjects. 2. Nutrient intakes are given as mean values and
      standard deviations, and as percentage distributions of intake relative to the
      recommended intakes of nutrients. Intakes are also related to factors which might
      affect diet adversely. 3. Mean values obtained suggested that intakes were less
      than recommended intakes for more nutrients for women than for men, particularly
      values for energy and vitamin D. Values for percentage distributions indicated 
      that a substantial proportion of all subjects had low intakes of ascorbic acid
      and vitamin D, that the energy intake of many women was low and that for most
      nutrients a greater proportion of men than of women had the recommended intake.
      Factors assocIATED With significant proportions of subjects with less than the
      recommended intakes were mental illness in women and deafness and severe dyspnoea
      in men. 4. Possible action to improve the diet of the elderly is discussed.

PMID- 1201274
TI  - Transport of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate as a probe of the effect of
      cholesterol on the phospholipid bilayer structures.
AB  - The transport of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate in dimyristoyl-L-alpha-lecithin
      bilayers has been found to be extremely sensitive to the crystalline state of the
      phospholipid dispersions. Thus this reaction may be used for probing the membrane
      structures. In binary mixtures of cholesterol and phospholipid the fluorescence
      enhancement of the dye completely disappears when the mole fraction of
      cholesterol reaches 33%. At temperatures below and above the phase transition of
      the lipid bilayers, the rate of the probe transport increases significantly in
      the binary mixtures. It reaches a maximum at 17 mol % of cholestero. The rate at
      this cholesterol content approaches the maximum value obtained for the probe
      transport in pure phospholipis, e.i., the rate at the midpoint of the phase
      transition. These observations indicate that the effect of cholesterol in the
      phospholipid dispersion is to maintain the bilayer structure close to the melting
      temperature of the lipid phase transition. In other words, cholesterol may be an
      effective buffer for membrane crystalline state when its concentration is near 17
      mol %.

PMID- 1201273
TI  - Effect of phase transition on the kinetics of dye transport in phospholipid
      bilater structures.
AB  - Binding of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate to dimyristoyl-L-alpha-lecithin
      bilayers enhances the fluorescence quantum yield of the dye molecule by 100-fold.
      By following the generation of fluorescence after a rapid mixing in a stopped
      flow apparatus (mixing time 2 msec), kinetics of the binding of the fluorescence
      probe to the phospholipid vesicles has been investigated in the temperature range
      where the crystal-liquid crystal phase transition of the bilayer structures
      occurs. No reactions depending on the dye or the vesicle concentrations were
      detected. This suggests that the initial adsorption of the dye was very rapid.
      Two kinetic phases which appear in the 50 msec and the second time ranges are
      unimolecular. The faster one has a small amplitude and is observable in the
      entire temperature range studied. In the phase transition region the slower
      reaction becomes the major kinetic phase. It also increases the apparent
      concentration of bound dye by a factor of 2. These observations suggest that the
      50-msec reaction has detected a reorientation of the probe molecule after the
      initial binding, and that the slow reaction represents a transport of the dye
      molecule into the inner layer of the lipid vesicle. The transport reaction is
      extremely temperature sensitive and exhibits a maximum rate at the midpoint of
      the bilayer phase transition (Tm = 24.1 degrees). the Arrhenius plot of the
      transport reaction shows a maximum at the Tm. the same temperature dependence was
      also observed for the bromothymol blue transport reaction. However, no such
      effects were detected for less amphiphilic molecules such as tetracycline,
      chlortetracycline, and pyrene. In the latter systems only a slight bending of the
      Arrhenius plots were seen at the phase transition temperature. Since the kinetics
      of the transport of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate is sensitive to the physical
      state of the phospholipid bilayers this reaction may be used for probing membrane
      structures.

PMID- 1201275
TI  - Reaction of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea with synthetic polynucleotides.
AB  - The antitumor agent BCNU (1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) was incubated
      with poly(C) and poly(G) in aqueous solution at 37 degrees and pH 7 to produce
      approximately 0.33 and 0.07% substitution, respectively. Under the same
      conditions, there was relatively little reaction with poly(A) and poly(U).
      Poylnucleotides reacted with [14C]BCNU were digested by chemical and enzymatic
      methods, and the derivative nucleotides were isolated by column chromatography.
      There were identified by a combination of ultraviolet and mass spectroscopy as 3
      (beta-hydroxyethyl)CMP, 3,N4-ethano-CMP, and 7-(beta-hydroxy-ethyl)GMP. This
      would indicate that BCNU generates active two carbon fragments, probably
      chloroethyl carbonium ions, which are free to react with nucleotides. The
      production of these substituted bases may be important to the mechanism of action
      of the therapeutic nitrosoureas since they would probably alter the function of
      any nucleic acid which contained them.

PMID- 1201276
TI  - The transmembrane proteins in the plasma membrane of normal human erythrocytes.
      Evaluation employing lactoperoxidase and proteases.
AB  - The molecular architecture of the human erythrocyte membrane has been probed
      using lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination in conjunction with Pronase
      hydrolysis. Resealed, hemoglobin-free ghosts were labeled at the cytoplasmic
      surface and the external membrane surface was subsequently digested with Pronase.
      Changes in size of the components labeled at the cytoplasmic surface were readily
      detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. The protein 3 molecular
      weight class labeled at the cytoplasmic surface was extensively hydrolyzed at the
      external surface to produce a major 65000 molecular weight fragment and a minor
      45000 molecular weight fragment. When resealed membranes were labeled on the
      external surface the same 65000 molecular weight labeled component is produced.
      These results unequivocally demonstrate that the same polypeptides in the protein
      3 molecular weight class that can be labeled by lactoperoxidase at the
      cytoplasmic membrane surface are digested by Pronase at the external surface and
      are, therefore, transmembrane components. Where it is possible to label one
      surface of a membrane with lactoperoxidase and reseal the membrane this procedure
      represents an alternate method for establishing transmembrane configuration of
      membrane proteins.

PMID- 1201278
TI  - Mechanism of action of adenosylcobalamin: 3-fluoro-1,2-propranediol as substrate
      for propanediol dehydrase--mechanistic implications.
AB  - 3-Fluro-1,2-propanediol has been found to be a substrate for propanediol
      dehydrase and has very similar binding and catalytic constants compared to the
      natural substrate. The only isolable products of the reaction are acrolein and
      inorganic fluoride; with 3-fluoro-3,3-dideuterio-1,2-propanediol as substrate,
      only 3,3-dideuterioacrolein is obtained. These results indicate that the primary
      product of the reaction is 3-fluoropropionaldehyde which spontaneously loses
      hydrogen fluoride to yield acrolein. The similar kinetic parameters for the
      fluorinated as compared to the normal substrate suggest that significant charge
      does not develop on the fluorinated or, by implication, the natural substrate
      during any rate-limiting steps of the reaction. These results support a radical,
      as contrasted to an ionic pathway for reactions involving adenosylcobalamin and
      diol dehydrase.

PMID- 1201277
TI  - The isolation and structure of the core oligosaccharide sequences of IgM.
AB  - Methods are presented for separating the three IgM heavy chain sialoglycopeptides
      associated with asparagines 170, 332, and 395. The core glycopeptide units
      containing the disaccharide fucosyl-N-acetylglucosamine were obtained through the
      use of an endo-beta-N-acetylglucosamindase from Diplococcus pneumoniae, following
      exoglycosidase treatment of the sialoglycopeptides. In addition to the core
      glycopeptides, high yields of a tetrasaccharide, (Man)3GlcNAc, were obtained. The
      fucose in the core disaccharide is glycosidically linked to the 6-O position of
      the N-acetylglucosamine residue in Asn-GlcNAc. This core unit is resistant to
      glycosyl asparaginase, but becomes susceptible to hydrolysis on removal of the
      fucosyl residue by a purified hen oviduct alpha-L-fucosidase. The core sequence
      of the immunoglobulin M sialoglycopeptides appears to be similar to that of most
      other asparagine-linked oligosaccharides in consisting of a basic unit composed
      of beta-D-Man-(1 leads to 4)beta-D-GlcNAc(1 leads to 4)beta-D-GlcNAc(1 leads to
      4), but with L fucose linked alpha-(1 leads to 6) to the proximal GlcNAc. The two
      nonreducing terminal ends of (Man)3GlcNAc are linked to beta-D-Man by alpha-(1
      leads to 3) and alpha(1 leads to 6) bonds, respectively.

PMID- 1201279
TI  - Studies on the generation of hydrogen peroxide during some non-enzymic reactions
      changing the hyaluronic acid molecule.
AB  - The effect of catalase on non-enzymic-induced changes in the conformation of
      hyaluronic acid in a vitreous humour preparation was measured using viscometry.
      Ascorbate, heavy metal ions, riboflavin or EDTA all lowered the viscosity of
      hyaluronic acid solutions. These effects could be prevented by the addition of
      catalase. This suggested that H2 O2 is produced by these compounds and that the
      resulting change in conformation of hyaluronic acid may be due to peroxyl and
      hydroxyl attack by the free radicals thus generated.

PMID- 1201280
TI  - Effects of external osmolality on polyamine metabolism in HeLa cells.
AB  - The polyamine content of Escherichia coli is inversely related to the osmolality
      of the growth medium. The experiments described here demonstrate that a similar
      phenomenon occurs in mammalian cells. When grown in media of low NaCl
      concentration, HeLa cells and human fibroblasts were found to contain high levels
      of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. The putrescine content of HeLa cells was
      a function of the osmolality of the medium, as shown by growing cells in media
      containing mannitol or additional glucose. External osmolality per se had no
      effect on the contents of spermidine and spermine. For all media, the total
      cellular polyamine content could be correlated with the activity of ornithine
      decarboxylase, the first enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis. Different levels of
      enzyme activity appear to result solely from variations in the rate of enzyme
      degradation. A sudden increase in a NaCl concentration produced rapid loss of
      ornithine decarboxylase activity and a gradual loss of putrescine and spermidine.
      A sudden decrease in NaCl concentration led to rapid and substantial increases in
      ornithine decarboxylase activity and putrescine.

PMID- 1201281
TI  - Extracellular space determination in gallbladder mucosa.

PMID- 1201282
TI  - Uptake of proteinase-alpha-macroglobulin complexes by macrophages.
AB  - Complexes of labelled proteinases (subtilopeptidase A, trypsin) with serum alpha
      1-macroglobulin or alpha 2-macroglobulin are rapidly taken up in vitro by rabbit
      alveolar macrophages and peritoneal macrophages but not by mixed rabbit
      peripheral blood leukocytes. Enzyme, not bound to alpha 1- or alpha 2
      macroglobulin, does not become associated with alveolar macrophages. Chemically
      inactivated subtilopeptidase A does not bind to alpha 1- or alpha 2
      macroglobulin; chemically inactivated subtilopeptidase A in mixtures with alpha 1
      - or alpha 2-microglobulin, does not interact with alveolar macrophages. Blocking
      experiments confirmed that the interaction of proteinase with alveolar
      macrophages is complex specific; uptake of labelled complex was prevented by the
      simultaneous addition of macroglobulin complexes formed with non-labelled
      subtilopeptidase A, subtilopeptidase B, trypsin or chymotrypsin but not by
      macroglobulin alone. The findings demonstrate a complex-specific interaction
      between proteinase-alpha-macroglobulin complexes and macrophages.

PMID- 1201283
TI  - Cellular energy dependent agglutination of rat ascites tumor cells mediated by
      concanavalin A and Ricinus communis agglutinin.
AB  - Effect of various metabolic inhibitors on the agglutination of rat ascites tumor
      cells mediated by concanavalin A and Ricinus communis agglutinin was studied
      using a quantitative assay method for agglutination in which turbidity of cell
      suspension is measured. Cell agglutination was inhibited by low temperature,
      cytochalasin B and inhibitors of energy generating systems without affecting
      lectin binding, and agglutination was not affected by hydroxyurea, actinomycin D
      or cycloheximide. The inhibitors of energy generating systems decreased the
      cellular ATP level and inhibited macromolecular synthesis under the conditions
      where they inhibited the agglutinations. In contrast, cytochalasin B did not
      depress the cellular ATP level nor inhibit RNA and protein syntheses. These
      results suggest that the agglutination is associated with cellular energy
      dependent processes other than macromolecular synthesis; probably with some
      cellular surface movements participated by microfilament activity.

PMID- 1201284
TI  - Biochemical and cytological studies of mitochondrial development in
      chloramphenicol-induced rice coleoptiles.
AB  - The ultrastructure and respiratory activity of mitochondria in rice coleoptile
      grown in the presence and in the absence of an inibitor of mitochondrial protein
      synthesis (chloramphenicol) have been studied. It is shown that during the first
      48 h of germination a rapid development of mitochondrial cristae takes place
      without notable influence of chloramphenicol on biogenesis of mitochondria. But
      the presence of the inhibitor has a significant effect in the subsequent period
      (48-144 h): a gradual and almost complete reduction of mitochondrial cristae is
      observed. These unusual "noncristate" mitochondria, although greatly lacking
      cytochrome oxidase, have a high respiratory activity. The respiration of
      "noncristate" mitochondria is resistant to KCN. It is supposed that
      chloramphenicol-induced rice coleoptile can be used as a new convenient object
      for studies of the nature of alternative oxidase as well as the biogenesis of
      mitochondria with cyanide-insensitive respiration.

PMID- 1201285
TI  - Peptidoglycan compositions of a new strain of Arthrobacter crystallopietes during
      sphere-rod morphogenesis.
AB  - Arthrobacter crystallopoieties ATCC 15481 was used to isolate a new strain.
      designated Arthrobacter crystallopoieties EPSR-16, which had a mass doubling time
      in brain heart infusion broth and in glucose/salts/yeast extract medium of 30 min
      compared to 2.40 h for the parent strain in similar media. The growth rates for
      the new strain and for the parent were close to 12 h in glucose/salts medium. The
      new strain formed well-separated cocci and diplococci in glucose/salts medium,
      and upon nutrient shift-up all the cells in the population gradually changed into
      well-separated rods of regular shape. In the spherical state the cell wall
      peptidoglycan of the new strain contained lysine and no diaminopimelic acid. A
      gradual loss in lysine and a gain in diaminopimelic acid occurred during
      morphogenesis. Diaminopimelic acid became predominant in the cell wall during
      balanced growth in the rod state.

PMID- 1201286
TI  - Small copper-binding proteins from normal and copper-loaded liver.
AB  - The same three low molecular weight copper-binding proteins which have been
      purified from the soluble fractions of Cu2+-loaded livers (200 mug Cu2+ per g wet
      weight) were also found to be present in livers of normal rats (4 mug Cu2+ per g
      wet weight) but in much smaller quantities. Therefore, Cu2+ loading enhances the
      amount of preexisting proteins rather than inducing the synthesis of new
      proteins. Amino acid analyses of each of the three showed them to be different
      from the metallothioneins which are present on loading with other trace metals
      including Cd2+ and Zn2+.

PMID- 1201287
TI  - [Rheological studies of interphase adsorption layers of lysozyme at phase
      separation liquid boundaries].
AB  - Rheological studies of thin layers of biopolymers provide a principally new
      approach to the studies of the structure and functions of biomembranes.
      Rheological properties of interphase adsorption layers of lysozyme at different
      concentrations, temperatures and at the border with various carbohydrates. The
      values of moduli of fast elastic deformation E1s, slow elastic deformation E2s,
      equilibrium module of elasticity Es, viscosity of elastic aftereffect, plastic
      viscosity eta 0s and eta s for the interphase layers of lysozyme at liquid
      borders show that the interphase adsorption layers were solidlike, and the moduli
      of dimeric structure evaluated as volume ones correspond to the characteristics
      of normal elastomeres.

PMID- 1201288
TI  - [Utraviolet adsorption and fluorescence of human thyroalbumin].
AB  - Some spectral properties of human thyroalbumin have been studied. Ultra-violet
      absorption of the aqueous solution of this protein has two maxima: at the
      wavelengths of 276 and 296--298 nm. Under the excitation by a monochromatic light
      with the wavelength of 280 nm the thyroalbumin has the fluorescence spectrum with
      the maximum at 430 nm and the quantum yeild of fluorescence about 5,4%. It has
      been established that thyroalbumin fluorescence consists of two components with
      the maxima at 385 and 450 nm. Moreover the "sortwave" component is principally
      attributed for by the presence do iodoamino acids.

PMID- 1201289
TI  - [Photodissociation of carboxyhemoglobin with different degrees of saturation].
AB  - The graphical method is suggested and treated for obtaining of the binding curves
      in photodissociation conditions. Some kinetic properties of photolisis of HbCO
      are discussed in connection with sharp increase of free gase concentration in
      solution.

PMID- 1201290
TI  - [Phosphorescence of octaethylchlorine, isobacteriooctaethylchlorine and their
      metal complexes].
AB  - The phosphorescence of dihydrooctaethylporphin (octaethylchlorin or OEC), of its
      complexes with magnesium, zinc, copper and palladium, and of zinc and palladium
      complexes of isobacteriooctaethylchlorin (5,6,7,8-tetrahydrooctaethylporphin with
      adjacent hydrogenated pyrrole rings or THOEP-ADJ) has been investigated. The
      phosphorescence spectra and phosphorescence excitation spectra as well as the
      ratio of fluorescence and phosphorescence yields and the triplet state lifetume
      have been measured. It has been shown that the singlet-triplet interval is about
      4100 cm-1 for OEC complexes and about 4300 cm-1 for THOEP-ADJ complexes, and
      depends wealky on the nature of the metal atom forming the complex. The triplet
      level position of chlorophyll alpha is discussed. It is concluded that the
      maximum of chlorophyll alpha phosphorescence spectrum must be located at 895 nm.

PMID- 1201291
TI  - [Kinetics of the interaction of ferrous oxide with oxidized lipids and
      possibility of chiluminescent determination of hydroperoxides].
AB  - The theory shows that for lipids containing hydroperoxides of unsaturated fatty
      acids there exists a verge concentration of Fe2+: at concentrations of Fe2+ lower
      than the verge one the peroxidation process develops autocatalytically and at
      higher concentrations it looks pulseshaped. In the second case the amplitude of
      pulse concentration of peroxide radicals and the square root from the maximum
      value of chemiluminescence intensity are proportional to the concentration of
      hydroperoxides present in the system at the time of ferrous ions injection. The
      former two values do not depend on the concentration of inoxidized fatty acids.
      In the experiments of chemiluminescence of partially oxidized linoleic acid and
      lecithin in methanol-benzene solutions (1 : 2) a perfect correlation between the
      experimental data and theoretical conclusions was revealed.

PMID- 1201292
TI  - [Instability and excitation propagation in a catalytic reaction model. I. Model
      of a system with concentrated parameters].
AB  - Using peculiarities of oxidative-rastorative catalytic reactions the system of
      nonlinear differential equations has been obtained. Pecularities of the behaviour
      of the system on phase plane of variables at different parameters are considered.
      The system may be autooscillative, trigger, waiting. Problems of model
      application in membrane, quantum, enzymatic systems are discussed.

PMID- 1201293
TI  - [Elemental analysis of biological objects by characteristic x-ray radiation
      excited by protons].
AB  - The results of the analysis of white mouse blood according to characteristic X
      radiation (CXR) stimulated by the protones with the energy of 2,5 Mev are
      presented. CXR was recorded by spectrophotometry on the basis of siliceouslithium
      detector with energetic resolution of 260 ev by the generator of the exact
      amplitude and 290 ev along the line of 6,4 kev Co57. Sensitivity (3 divided by 5)
      10(-8)g was reached. The analysis according to CXR permits to reveal
      microelements in the quantities 10(-10)--10(-12) g. Small quantities of the
      substance are required.

PMID- 1201294
TI  - [Cell molecular computer. VIII. Possible construction of a molecular memory in
      biological membranes and principle of minimum expenditures of free energy in
      recording information].
AB  - The principle of minimum expenditure of "price of action" [5] provides in the
      liquid cell membrane such operative memory which uses for recording information
      from any receptor (multidigit number) the transmission of an electron with the
      loss smaller than 250 mev. According to the hypothesis such memory is constructed
      from equal protein molecules and different lipid addresses for different
      receptors. It works on Brown collisions, weak interactions between the molecules
      and capture bonds controlled by MCC with a minimum expenditure of free energ- for
      the formation and breakage of bonds.

PMID- 1201295
TI  - [Free-radical oxidation of biological membrane lipids. VI. Nature of linoleic
      acid chemiluminescence].
AB  - An original scheme of chemoluminescence of unsaturated fat acids is suggested on
      the basis of analysing the kinetics of peroxide formation, chemoluminescence and
      fluorescence of linole acid. The agreement of the model with literature and our
      own experimental data is shown by the method of analogue modelling.

PMID- 1201296
TI  - [Relation of the birefringence of a bilayer lipid membrane to the ionic strength
      of the medium].
AB  - A direct method of measuring the optical phase difference arising in a bilayer
      lipid membrane at the expence of its birefringent properties is offered. A
      dependence of the value and sign of lipid bilayer birefringence on ionic
      concentration in the medium has been observed. For example, the birefringence
      value of the bilayer from egg lecithin with eta-decan changes from -0.005 to 0.01
      with a change of NaCl concentration from 0 to 5 M, the sign changing at about 1
      M. It is suggested that the polar region of the bilayer has negative
      birefringence, and that it is its infrastructure that changes with the ionic
      strength of the solution.

PMID- 1201297
TI  - [Comparative study of membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase in guinea pig and
      rabbit brains].
AB  - As a result of kinetic studies on acetylcholinesterase inhibition by allosteric
      effector d-tubocurarine it was shown that interaction between modifier and
      catalytic sites of rabbit and guinea pig acetylcholinesterase are different for
      these two species. Judging by the inhibition curves and sensitivity of d
      tubocurarine theses differences involve enzyme microenvironment in the membrane.
      Addition to 7,15-10-6 M d-tubocurarune to solubilized preparation led to a
      significant fall in the value of Hill coefficient for enzyme-substrate
      interaction. This may be indicative of the changes in the conformational state of
      the enzyme after its dissociation from the membrane, i. e. of the membrane
      structure role in the formation of the structural and functional enzyme
      properties.

PMID- 1201299
TI  - [Honeybee phonoreceptors].
AB  - Bee phonoreceptors are revealed by electrophysiological method. These are hair
      sensillae located between facet eyes and occipital commissure. The region of the
      highest sensitivity of receptors in within the range of the maximum energy of
      various sound signals used in the communication of bees. The receptors exactly
      distinguish the signals according to their duration and intensity.

PMID- 1201298
TI  - [Electrophoresis of chloride ions and changes in the membrane potential of
      energized mitochondria].
AB  - In energized rat liver mitochondria the simultaneous H+, K+ and C1- transport was
      studied by corresponding ion selective electrodes. It was shown that the C1-
      transport induced by valinomycin, by valinomycin plus carbonyclyanide m
      chlorophenylhydrazone was governed by the membrane potential. It is suggested
      that observed in energized mitochondria the C1- electrophoresis may servt as an
      indicator of membrane potential changes.

PMID- 1201301
TI  - [Mathematical model of the cytokinetics of erythropoiesis in mouse bone marrow
      and spleen].
AB  - The described model approximates the function of the erythropoietic system of the
      mouse to the function of a self-renewed cellular system, describable in the terms
      of cell population kinetics. The model is based on a number of experimentally
      proved ideas of contemporary haematology and arises from the assumption that
      there exists mutual negative influence between the cellular populations of the
      bone marrow and spleen. Considering the erythropoietic system in the mouse to be
      composed of two relatively independent parts - the bone marrow and spleen - the
      described model differs from the attempts so far made on the mathematical
      modelling of erythropoiesis.

PMID- 1201300
TI  - [Comparison of the energy characteristics of Acetabularia membranes in light and
      darkness].
AB  - Energetic parameters of the membrane of marine alga Acetabularia were compared at
      light and dark during the action potential (AP). Direct current resistance of the
      resting membrane at dark as well as at light is of the order 1000-5000 omega-cm2
      without considerable difference. The maximum resistance of the excited
      Acetabularia membrane is somewhat increased at dark as compared to its value at
      light. The maximum power of the membrane system and that of its regulating
      mechanism along with the energy dissipating AP at light exceed the same values at
      dark. The dissipating energy and the work Acetabularia cell performs during the
      AP are also compared for light and dark conditions.

PMID- 1201302
TI  - [l model of a leading center].
AB  - Periodic solutions are obtained for the distributed model of the excitable medium
      concerned with the decay of stopped excitation fronts. Such solutions make it
      possible to consider the initiation of the leading centres in a excitable medium.

PMID- 1201303
TI  - [Rate of excitation propagation in a reduced Hodgkins-Huxley model. I. Rapid
      relaxation of the sodium current].
AB  - The question of calculating excitation propagation velocity is analyzed on the
      basis of the Hodgkin-Huxley model. The activation of the sodium current is
      assumed to be rapid as compared to the rate of potential variation. Because of
      slow variation of potassium activation and sodium inactivation the dynamics of
      these processes is assumed to be of negligible effect in the region of impulse
      velocity formation. By means of pieace-wise linear approximation of thus obtained
      voltage-current characteristics the characteristics the analytical solution of
      the problem was found. In two limiting cases this solution coincides with the
      solutions of Kolmogorov and Scott. The dependence of impulse velocity on
      parameters is analyzed and illustrated graphically.

PMID- 1201304
TI  - [Rate of passive conduction in lattice structures].
AB  - A mathematical model of passive conduction in syncitial symmetric structures is
      considered. Explicit formulae of the dependence of a decrease of stationary
      solution and of electrotonic conduction velocity are obtained.

PMID- 1201305
TI  - [Anisotropy of stationary rates and delays in extrasystolic waves in the dog
      heart].
AB  - Excitation propagation in the ventricle and auricle bands of the dog's myocardium
      has been studied. The anisotropy of stationary valocities and delays of the
      initiation of extrasistole exciation has been shown: along the fibres the
      velocity is higher and the delay smaller than across the fibres. The levels of
      anisotropy of velocities and delays are almost equal in each structure. The
      strongest anisotropy of delays and velocities (-4,5) is observed in the ventricle
      muscle layer; the weakest (1,7)-in a specialized layer. The anisotropy of
      velocities and delays is the greater, the greater is the electrotone anisotropy.
      A new mechanism of extrasistole initiation (reentry) in the system homogenous by
      the membrane properties, but with anisotropy of intercellular bonds is
      considered.

PMID- 1201307
TI  - [Hysteresis and multiplicity of dynamic states in open 2-substrate enzyme
      reactions with substrate inhibition].
AB  - A mathematical model of an open two-substrate enzymic with substrate inhibition
      has been analyzed. The hysteretic form of the reaction input characteristics
      resulting in the appearance of three alternative stationary states, O1, O2 and
      O3, has been obtained. The region of existence of a stable limit cycle has been
      determined within the framework of linear approximation. Analysis of the model to
      a non-linear approximation shows that close to the boundary of the stability
      region the unstable or stable limit cycle can surround O1 or O3 as well as the
      only stationary state O.

PMID- 1201306
TI  - [Integral characteristics of the cardiac electrical excitation wave].
AB  - A set of characterisitics of the cardiac electrical generator is described which
      expresses in an integral form some important properties of the electrical
      excitation wave, in particular its summary intensity, average spatial
      localization and distinction from a uniform double layer with planar rim.
      Relation of the proposed model to the multipole equivalent generator is
      discussed, and procedures for computing its characteristics are given.
      Calculation results for these characteristics on the basis of experimentally
      measured electrical field potentials of isolated dog hearts are presented.

PMID- 1201308
TI  - [Kinematics of metachronous walking. II. Gaits].
AB  - For an arbitrary locomotory system three ways of gait classification are
      considered and compared. A general classification is represented as an "abstract
      scheme" of phase-space separation of the locomotory system. The "configurational
      scheme" is the result of methachronal coordination postulate, and the "footprint
      scheme" is the result of the postulating of special properties of the footprint
      track.

PMID- 1201309
TI  - [Analysis of a control system for speech movements].
AB  - Analyzing the control quality in autonomic contour of articulation control system
      an account is made for the nonlinearities of the type of the zone
      ofunsensitivity, limitation and logarithmic response of the receptor. Regions of
      stablity and autooscillation frequency are determined. The role of recontrolling
      value is stated as a criterion of the control quality. It is suggested that the
      mechanisms of some stammering forms are concerned with the initiation of
      autooscillations in the articulation control system.

PMID- 1201310
TI  - [Efficiency of dolphin auditory perception in relation to time characteristics of
      the signal].
AB  - Experimental data are presented on evaluating the efficiency of auditory
      perception of the dolphin Tursiops truncatus of tonal signals of different
      duration and of the fixed energy on the background of Gauss obstacle. The
      dependence of percepting properties on time characteristics of the signal are
      stated. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of dolphin auditory system with
      that of the coordinated filter is carried out. Biological receiving systems are
      shown to be adaptive. The self-tuning linits of the dolphin auditory system at a
      given level of the possibility of correct detection are determined.

PMID- 1201311
TI  - [Model representation of rat motor behavior during electrical self-stimulation of
      the brain. I. Brief review of experimental data. Formal model].
AB  - The stimulation of the brain in self-stimulation situation activated the motor
      behaviour. The activity of the motor behaviour versus duration of the movements
      which define the motor activity is a decreasing function. The effect of
      stimulation versus duration or the strength of stimulation is an increasing
      function. The solutions of equation having made after comparing these two
      functions demonstrate the relations between the motor behaviour and stimulation
      parameters.

PMID- 1201313
TI  - [Letter: Anionic conductivity of liquid membranes in the presence of
      valinomycin].

PMID- 1201312
TI  - [Letter: Changes in the fluorescence of microsomal anilino naphtalenesulfonate in
      the presence of steroid hormones].

PMID- 1201314
TI  - [Letter: Effect of preillumination with light of varying spectral composition on
      the rapid induction of fluorescence in leaves].

PMID- 1201315
TI  - [Letter: Linoleic acid as an inducer of surface charge in bilayer lipid membranes
      (BLM)].

PMID- 1201316
TI  - [Letter: Effect of narcotics on the fluorescence intensity of ANS- and NPN1
      probes in rat liver microsomes].

PMID- 1201317
TI  - [Letter: Mechanical oscillations of bilayer membranes].

PMID- 1201318
TI  - [Letter: Theoretical description of the light stages of photosynthesis].

PMID- 1201319
TI  - [Letter: Characteristics of chromatic transitions in the fluorescence of higher
      plants].

PMID- 1201321
TI  - Editorial: You hospital psychiatrists.

PMID- 1201320
TI  - [Letter: Neuron activity in the ventral spinocerebellar tract during "fictitious
      scratching"].

PMID- 1201322
TI  - Introductory comments to symposium on environmental contingencies in early
      primate development.

PMID- 1201323
TI  - The phenethylamine hypothesis of thymic homeostasis.

PMID- 1201324
TI  - Electrosleep in the management of alcoholism.

PMID- 1201325
TI  - Letter: Urinary kryptopyrrole.

PMID- 1201326
TI  - Effect of heat treatment on the elasticity of human erythrocyte membrane.
AB  - A parallel plate flow channel is employed to study the effect of heat treatment
      on the elasticity of human red cell membrane. An irreversible transition between
      46 degrees C and 50 degrees C results in an approximately 200% increase in an
      elastic constant measured at 25 degrees C. This transition is attributable to
      irreversible protein denaturation which has been shown by other to occur at
      similar temperatures in calorimetric studies of red cell ghosts.

PMID- 1201327
TI  - Water exchange between red cells and plasma. Measurement by nuclear magnetic
      relaxation.
AB  - Water exchange between human red blood cells and the plasma phase was measured by
      water proton nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in the presence of low
      concentrations of Mn(II) and by 17O relaxation of H217O in the absence of added
      Mn(II). The results were analyzed as a classic case of two-compartment exchange.
      The half-life for cell water at 25 degrees C was found to be 15 ms +/- 2 ms,
      longer than the time determined by other techniques. The T1 of the hemoglobin
      protons in the red cell and the volume of exchangeable water were also measured.
      The method appears to be a sensitive tool for the study of membrane permeability
      to water and other small molecules undergoing rapid exchange.

PMID- 1201328
TI  - Further studies of activation-inactivation coupling in Myxicola axons.
      Insensitivity to changes in calcium concentration.
AB  - In Myxicola axons subjected to moderate depolarizations the sodium inactivation
      time constants obtained from the decay of sodium current during a maintained
      depolarizatin (TSh) are substantially smaller than inactivation time constants
      determined at the same potential from the effect of changes in the duration of
      conditioning prepulses (Tph). This report extends these observations to positive
      membrane potentials and demonstrates that for sufficiently large depolarizations
      TSh and Tph become comparable. The ratio of inactivation time constants, Tph/TSh,
      is unaffected by changes in [Ca++] provided total divalent cation concentration
      is maintained constant, while changes in total divalent ion concentrations
      produce simple voltage shifts comparable to those obtained from measurement of
      membrane sodium or potassium conductances. Sodium inactivation delay was
      quantitatively determined as a function of membrane potential, and found to be
      similarly unaffected by changes in [Ca++] at constant total divalent ion
      concentration. Inactivation delay is, however, directly proportional to the
      activation rate constant over a wide range of potentials.

PMID- 1201329
TI  - Tilted hydrocarbon chains of dipalmitoyl lecithin become perpendicular to the
      bilayer before melting.
AB  - Differential scanning calorimetry studies of dipalmitoyl lecithin show two
      reversible transitions as the temperature is changed between 20 and 50 degrees C.
      A pretransition endotherm occurs at 35 degrees C prior to the main chain melting
      endotherm which occurs at 42 degrees C. X-ray diffraction studies show that below
      33 degrees C the chains of the lecithin are fully extended, packed in a hexagonal
      crystalline lattice but tilted with respect to the plane of the bilayer. Between
      35 and 42 degrees C the chains are similarly packed but oriented perpendicular to
      the bilayer plane. Above 44 degrees C the chains are "melted" or disordered.
      Monolayer studies of dipalmitoyl lecithin using continuous recording of pressure
      with molecular area reveal the existence of two solid condensed phases
      corresponding to these tilted and verticle chain structures. The tilted to
      perpendicular transition would account for the pretransition endotherm of the
      lipid; the crystalline to melted change corresponds to the larger transition
      observed at 42 degrees C.

PMID- 1201330
TI  - An electron spin resonance study of synaptosome opiate receptors. The preparation
      and use of a spin labeled morphine.
AB  - Morphine spin labeled on the phenolic hydroxy group has been prepared using
      commercially available reagents and characterized by thin layer chromatography,
      mass spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. It has been shown
      that morphine modified in this way retains some opiate activity, does not pass
      through the blood-brain barrier, and specifically binds to isolate rat brain
      synaptosomes. Spin labeled morphine has been shown to be an effective biophysical
      probe complementing radioactive tracer techniques in the study of the narcotic
      receptor site.

PMID- 1201332
TI  - Letter: Impalement artifacts in microelectrode recordings of epithelial membrane
      potentials.

PMID- 1201331
TI  - Rapid changes in intracellular free calcium concentration. Detection by
      metallochromic indicator dyes in squid giant axon.
AB  - The metallochromic indicator dyes, arsenazo III and chlorophosphonazo III, were
      used in squid giant axons to detect rapidly the very small influxes of calcium
      that occur as a result of changes of membrane potential.

PMID- 1201333
TI  - Thermophilic microbiological treatment of high strength wastewaters with
      simultaneous recovery of single cell protein.
AB  - Simultaneous removal of organic materials and recovery of protein in the form of
      bacterial cells from a simulated high strength biodegradable wastewater was
      studied using thermophilic aerobic microorganisms. A naturally occurring mixed
      culture of thermophilic microorganisms was obtained from soil, wastewater, hay,
      silage, etc. A chemically defined medium containing glucose along with other
      essential nutrients was employed as the feed. The kinetic behavior of the culture
      was studied in a continuous culture at an optimum temperature of 58 degrees C.
      Studies were were also performed on the effects of solids retention time (SRT) on
      the observed cell yield and the protein and ash content of the harvested biomass.
      An economic analysis of the process for single cell protein recovery was given.

PMID- 1201334
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta tarda presenting with short stature.

PMID- 1201335
TI  - Carpal and tarsal osteolysis.
AB  - A 19-year-old girl with carpal and tarsal osteolysis has been presented. The
      clinical course was characterized by normal early growth and motor development
      followed by the insidious onset in early childhood of a progressive, peripheral
      joint destruction, especially in the tarsal and carpal bones. The patient's
      course was complicated by acquired spasticity from platybasia, scoliosis,
      generalized muscle weakness, mild growth failure and corneal clouding.

PMID- 1201336
TI  - A variant of campomelia.

PMID- 1201337
TI  - Probable homozygosity for the dyschondrosteosis genes.

PMID- 1201339
TI  - Polymeric collagen of skin in osteogenesis imperfecta, homocystinuria and Ehlers
      Danlos and Marfan syndromes.

PMID- 1201338
TI  - The Coffin-Lowry syndrome: a simply inherited trait comprising mental
      retardation, faciodigital anomalies and skeletal involvement.

PMID- 1201340
TI  - Pseudoachondroplasia.

PMID- 1201341
TI  - The Stickler syndrome.

PMID- 1201343
TI  - Dysosteosclerosis.

PMID- 1201342
TI  - A lysosomal storage disease with severe dwarfism, severe joint contractures, mild
      moderate mental retardation, corneal opacities and retinal abnormalities.

PMID- 1201344
TI  - Unusual metaphyseal chondrodysplasia with wrist deformities.

PMID- 1201345
TI  - Achondroplastic dwarfism with generalized periosteal elevation in infancy.

PMID- 1201347
TI  - Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia.

PMID- 1201346
TI  - Unusual connective tissue disorder.

PMID- 1201348
TI  - Diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias in second trimester fetuses.

PMID- 1201349
TI  - Four new heritable disorders of connective tissue.

PMID- 1201350
TI  - A syndrome resembling congenital contractural arachnodactyly.

PMID- 1201351
TI  - Congenital contractural arachnodactyly in a black family.

PMID- 1201352
TI  - Congenital contractural arachnodactyly.

PMID- 1201353
TI  - The Achard syndrome.
AB  - The Achard syndrome is a well-defined clinical entity consisting of widespread
      dysostoses and increased ligament laxity. The bony involvement appears most
      consistently in the tubular bones of the hands and feet, the mandible and the
      calvarium, but may also be noted elsewhere in the body. Hypermobility and
      subluxations of the joints, increased lateral excursion of the patellas and other
      findings reflect the increased ligament laxity.

PMID- 1201355
TI  - Progressive tenosynovitis with contractures and possible systemic involvement--a
      new heritable disorder of connective tissue?

PMID- 1201354
TI  - Dominant familial arthritis with scoliosis.

PMID- 1201356
TI  - A recessive form of congenital scoliosis different from spondylothoracic
      dysplasia.

PMID- 1201357
TI  - Familial congenital bowing of the tibia with pseudarthrosis and pectus excavatum.

PMID- 1201358
TI  - Osteopetrosis in two brothers with severe mental retardation.

PMID- 1201359
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta: a new classification.

PMID- 1201361
TI  - The micro-mechanics of cancellous bone. II. Determination of the elastic modulus
      of individual trabeculae by a buckling analysis.

PMID- 1201360
TI  - Orthopaedic aspects of the Ellis-van Creveld syndrome.

PMID- 1201362
TI  - The effect of neurological deficit on the course of adjuvant arthritis in the
      rat.

PMID- 1201363
TI  - Variance in correlation of electromyography myelography and surgical findings in
      back disorders: case presentation.

PMID- 1201364
TI  - A study of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon in flexion and extension at
      the proximal interphalangeal joint.
AB  - Using a physical model to represent the detailed morphology of the flexor
      digitorum superficial tendon, the functions of the fibrous arrangement of this
      tendon in the human fingers were studied for flexion and extension of the
      proximal interphalangeal joint. In extension of the joint, the fibrous pattern
      acted as a dynamic ligament for the joint. In flexion, the arrangement of fiber
      bundles of the tendon contributed to tha balanced distribution of forces across
      the joint's surfaces and for mechanical interplay with the deep long flexor
      tendon in the region of the joint.

PMID- 1201365
TI  - Rupture of the tendo achilles: another diagnostic sign.
AB  - A new sign had been described--the knee flexion test which when used together
      with other well recognized tests, will help in the diagnosis of rupture of the
      tendo Achilles. Each of these tests is described as to their presence in both
      acute and old ruptures of the tendo Achilles.

PMID- 1201367
TI  - Articular muscle of the knee--articularis genus.
AB  - Articularis genus has been considered by many as a part of the quadriceps muscle.
      Our observations have confirmed our opinion that this is a separate and distinct
      muscle. It is always present and has a discrete origin and insertion. This muscle
      has a very important function to perform. It elevates the capsule and the
      synovial membrane of the knee joint and prevents them from being pinched during
      extension of the leg. Thus it plays a very important role in the erect posture of
      humans.

PMID- 1201366
TI  - A digastric flexor digitorum superficialis: case report.

PMID- 1201368
TI  - Fractures of the radial head treated by substitution with the silastic
      prosthesis.

PMID- 1201369
TI  - Simulation of cell behavior: normal and abnormal growth.
AB  - A mathematical model simulating a cell growing in a culture medium is obtained.
      Using this model, various behavioral patterns of the cell are obtained under
      different types of disturbances, in particular when (i) a Mg2+ deficiency
      experiment and, (ii) a split-dose ionizing radiation experiment are carried out,
      (iii) when disturbances on the rate constants of the biochemical reactions taking
      place in the nucleus of the cell are applied, and (iv) when the cell's interior
      components are perturbed. The cell model results obtained agree well with
      experimental results for the Mg2+ and split dose experiments, and explain the
      mechanism of the split dose radiation experiment without the need to introduce
      additional axioms (e.g. healing processes) into the dynamics of the cell.
      Conditions are obtained which cause the cell to behave in a rapidly growing
      'tumor-like' mode; it is shown that once the cell moves into this 'tumor-like;
      mode, its behavior is irreversible, i.e. if a disturbance of opposite type is
      then applied to the 'tumor cell, the cell will not revert back to its original
      normal behavior.

PMID- 1201370
TI  - A semi-empirical model for flow or blood and other particulate suspensions
      through narrow tubes.
AB  - A semi-empirical model applicable to the flow of blood and other particulate
      suspensions through narrow tubes has been developed. It envisages a central core
      of blood surrounded by a wall layer of reduced hematocrit. With the help of this
      model the wall layer thickness and extent of plug flow may be calculated using
      pressure drop, flow rate and hematocrit reduction data. It has been found from
      the available data in the literature that for a given sample of blood the extent
      of plug flow increases with decreasing tube diameter. Also for a flow through a
      given tube it increases with hematocrit. The wall layer thickness is  found to
      decrease with increase in blood hematocrit. A comparison between the results of
      rigid particulate suspensions and blood reveals that the thicker wall layer and
      smaller plug flow radius in the case of blood may be attributed to the
      deformability of the erythrocytes.

PMID- 1201371
TI  - Blood flow: theory, effective viscosity and effects of particle distribution.
AB  - A study is made of blood flow by assuming that the blood constitutes a suspension
      of cells in plasma instead of a simple homogeneous fluid. A macroscopic theory
      governing the motion of plasma in a plasma-cell system is derived from the local
      volume averaging method for a system without mass transfer between the phases,
      and its characteristic length is much larger than the size of the cells. The
      equations governing the motion of the local averaged fluid quantities include one
      additional term in the equation of motion and two additional terms in the energy
      equation. These terms represent, respectively, the force exerted upon the fluid
      by the particles, and the rate of heat transfer and work kone upon the fluid by
      the particles. The theory is applied to obtain the effective viscosity as the
      explicit function of the volume concentration of the cells by assuming that the
      cells behave like rigid spherical particles with slip-collision, and the plasma
      is an compressible Newtonian fluid. Comparison with existing experimental results
      shows a good agreement. The theory is also used to obtain the effects of cell
      distribution upon the overall effective viscosity in a circular tube. The
      quantitative result shows that there is a decrease in overall effective viscosity
      as the concentration of cells increases toward the center of the tube, and the
      overall effective viscosity is smaller than the flow with evenly distributed
      cells.

PMID- 1201372
TI  - Three dimensional laminar flow in distorting, axisymmetric, axially varying
      vessels.
AB  - Three dimensional laminar, viscid flow is developed for Newtonian fluids which
      provides absolute values for axial, radial and tangential velocity fields
      everywhere if the dimensions of the vessel are known and two simultaneous axial
      velocities e.g. on and off the central axis in the same plane, and the central
      axis velocity gradient are measured. In addition, normal and shear stresses are
      determinable. The equation set satisfies gemoetric and other known flow limiting
      conditions such as no slip at surfaces etc. and are amenable for inclusion in
      general, dynamic flow expressions. Alternatively they may be used alone for
      certain problems involving gradients and secondary flows. A range of
      illustrations are shown for a distorting vessel with elliptic cross-section and
      small axial taper (analogous to the pulmonary trunk during ejection).

PMID- 1201373
TI  - Construction, simulation, clinical application and sensitivity analysis of a
      human left ventricular control system model.
AB  - A regulated left ventricular dynamics model is presented which involves
      interaction of the dynamics of the left ventricular and circulatory systems and
      their regulation by the central nervous system. On-line human parametric
      stimulation (parameter estimation) and consequential prognostic implications
      (based on parametric values) are demonstrated. Model responses to stimulated
      physiologic stresses help delineate tolerances of subjects. In order to have an
      estimate of the reliability of the model, the sensitivity of the model's
      responses to changes in the values of its intrinsic parameters is assessed. Also
      determined  is the extent to which errors in measuring the pressure affect the
      calculated values of the model's responses to changes in the values of its
      intrinsic parameters is assessed. Also determined is the extent to which errors
      in measuring the pressure affect the calculated values of the model's simulation
      parameters and subsequently influence the values of other diagnostically useful
      variables (such as contractility, oxygen consumption rate, heart rate), when the
      model is used to determine the limiting physiological stress sustainable by the
      subject. A comparison of the model's composition with those of other similar
      cardio-circulatory models is included.

PMID- 1201374
TI  - Vascular dopamine receptors in the canine hindlimb.
AB  - 1 Increases in femoral blood flow were produced by intra-arterial injections of
      dopamine (5-50 mug) in some but not all anaesthetized dogs studied, following
      treatment with the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine. 2 The dilator
      effect of dopamine was not due to inhibition of adrenergic vasomotor tone as it
      was not affected by pharmacological procedures which completely abolished the
      activity of vastomotor nerves. 3 Blockade of vascular beta-adrenoceptors using
      propanolol reduced the flow increases produced by dopamine much less than it did
      those produced by isoprenaline. 4 Responses to dopamine were significantly
      depressed by intra-arterial administration of ergometrine (0.5 mg). This dose of
      ergometrine did not reduce femoral dilator responses to acetylcholine, histamine,
      isopienaline, bradykinin, or 5-hydroxytryptamine. 5 It is concluded that the
      femoral vascular bed in the dog contains specific vasodilator receptors for
      dopamine. Ergometrine appears to be a selective antagonist of dopamine at these
      receptors.

PMID- 1201375
TI  - The effects of histamine and some histamine-like agonists on blood pressure in
      the cat.
AB  - 1. The effects of histamine on blood pressure have been compared with the effects
      caused by four histamine-like agonists in anaesthetized cats. 2. It has been
      confirmed that the depressor responses to histamine involve both H1- and H2
      receptors: depressor responses also follow the administration of selective H1-
      and H2-receptor agonists. 3. 2-Methylhistamine, in doses up to 1 X 10(-7) mol/kg,
      lowers blood pressure by interaction with H1-receptors. Larger doses of 2
      methylhistamine also lower blood pressure but this may involve H2-receptors. 4. 4
      Methylhistamine, in doses up to 1 X 10(-7) mol/kg, lowers blood pressure by
      interaction with H2-receptors. Larger doses of 4-methylhistamine also lower blood
      pressure but this may involve H1-receptors. 5. 2-(2-Aminoethyl)pyridine and 2-(2
      aminoethyl)thiazole both lower blood pressure by interaction with H1-receptors
      only. 6. The potential value and limitations of these compounds as tools to
      investigate the cardiovascular effects of histamine are discussed.

PMID- 1201376
TI  - Histamine receptors in peripheral vascular beds in the cat.
AB  - 1. The vasodilator activity of histamine has been studied in anaesthetized cats.
      2. Histamine causes dose-dependent vasodilatation in the vasculature of the hind
      limb and mesentery, perfused with blood at constant flow. 3. Experiments using
      the selective antagonists mepyramine and metiamide indicate the involvement of
      both H1- and H2-receptors in the vasodilator responses to histamine. Mepyramine
      (2.5 X 10(-6) mol/kg), causes displacement of the histamine dose-response curve.
      This displacement is maximum with a dose-ratio of about 10. Further dose
      dependent displacement of the dose-response curve occurred after metiamide (4 X
      10(-7) mol kg-1 min-1 and 2 X 10(-6) mol kg-1 min-1), although these doses of
      metiamide had no effect on histamine responses in the absence of mepyramine. 4.
      Vasodilator responses could also be elicited by the selective H1-receptor
      agonists, 2-methylhistamine, 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine and 2-(2
      aminoethyl)thiazole and the selective H2-receptor agonist, 4-methylhistamine. 5.
      The selectivity of mepyramine and metiamide as histamine receptor antagonists was
      confirmed by their failure to reduce the vasodilator responses to acetylcholine,
      isoprenaline and bradykinin.

PMID- 1201377
TI  - Studies upon the mechanism by which acetylcholine releases surplus acetylcholine
      in a sympathetic ganglion.
AB  - 1. Acetylcholine (ACh) releases surplus ACh from the superior cervical ganglion
      of the cat and the experiments described in this paper tested whether this
      results from exchange of endogenous ACh with exogenous ACh; the experiments also
      attempted to characterize pharmacologically the mechanism of this action of ACh.
      2. The surplus ACh in the ganglion was radioactively labelled by perfusion of the
      ganglion with  [3H]-choline-Krebs solution containing
      diisopropylphosphofluoridate, and the release of surplus [3H]-ACh by [14C]-ACh
      injected close arterially to the ganglion measured. The amount of [3H]-ACh
      released by [14C]-ACh was 33 +/- 5 times greater than was the amount of [14C]-ACh
      accumulated by ganglia. The amount of exogenous ACh accumulated by ganglia that
      had first formed surplus ACh was not different from exogenous ACh accumulation by
      ganglia that had not formed surplus ACh. Thus, it is concluded that surplus ACh
      release by  ACh is not the result of ACh exchange. 3. In other experiments,
      surplus [3H]-ACh was accumulated in ganglia exposed to physostigmine. Nicotine,
      pilocarpine or ACh released surplus ACh; the effect of both nicotine and ACh was
      blocked by hexamethonium; atropine blocked the effect of ACh but not that of
      nicotine. It is concluded that both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors can be
      involved in the release of surplus ACh by cholinomimetic agonists.

PMID- 1201378
TI  - Membrane potential changes induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rabbit superior
      cervical ganglion.
AB  - 1. Changes in resting membrane potential induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
      have been measured in the excised ganglion by the sucrose-gap technique. 2. 5-HT
      produced a rapid depolarization, the threshold concentration for depolarization
      being around 10 muM. With concentrations of 100 muM or greater, repolarization
      began during the course of the superfusion; this was followed by prolonged
      tachyphylaxis. 3. Tachyphylaxis was largely avoided by making injections into the
      superfusion stream. Standard injections of 0.2 mumol 5-HT dissolved in 0.2 ml of
      Krebs solution were used routinely and could be given at 20-30 min intervals to
      evoke relatively constant responses. 4. The response to an injection consisted of
      a rapid depolarization, followed by a rapid repolarization and subsequent after
      hyperpolarization. The threshold quantity for depolarization was around 0.01
      mumol, while the ED50 estimated from 6 dose-response curves was 0.12 +/- 0.02
      mumol (mean +/- s.e. mean). 5. Injections of 5-HT (0.2 mumol), choline (10 mumol)
      and acetylcholine (9.9 mumol) produced depolarizations of similar magnitude. 6.
      Monoamine oxidase inhibitors failed to alter substantially the amplitude of
      depolarizations to 5-HT. 7. 5-HT depolarizations were unaltered in amplitude when
      the impermeant anion benzenesulphonate was substituted for the chloride ion in
      Krebs solution, but were initially markedly reduced in amplitude in a sodium
      deficient medium; some recovery of the response subsequently occurred. The
      depolarization which persisted in sodium-deficient solutions was much reduced or
      abolished when calcium ions were then removed from the superfusion medium.
      Removal of either calcium ions alone or potassium ions from the superfusion fluid
      did not reduce depolarization amplitude. 8. The after-hyperpolarization was
      abolished in sodium-deficient solutions, usually increased in potassium-free
      solutions, reduced or abolished by ouabain or nicotine, but unaffected by calcium
      free solutions. 9. A depolarizing action of 5-HT on presynaptic terminals in the
      ganglion appears probable.

PMID- 1201380
TI  - Relative potency of bombesin-like peptides.
AB  - The pharmacological activity of two natural bombesin-like peptides, alytesin and
      litorin, and 25 related synthetic peptides has been compared to that of bombesin.
      2 The minimum length of the amino acid chain required for the first appearance of
      bombesin-like effects was represented by the C-terminal heptapeptide, and the
      minimum length for maximal effects by the C-terminal nonapeptide. The latter
      possessed approximately the same activity as bombesin and may be considered a
      good substitute. 3 Both the tryptophan and histidine residues seemed to be
      essential for bombesin-like activity. 4 The C-terminal octapeptide was less
      active than either bombesin or the C-terminal nonapeptide and its action was more
      rapid in onset and less sustained. 5 Litorin apparently has an intermediate
      position between bombesin octapeptide and bombesin nonapeptide in the speed and
      duration of its effects. The relationship between structure and activity is
      discussed.

PMID- 1201379
TI  - Parallel bioassay of bombesin and litorin, a bombesin-like peptide from the skin
      of Litoria aurea.
AB  - The spectrum of biological activity exhibited by litorin, a bombesin-like
      nonapeptide found in extracts of the skin of the Australian leptodactylid frog
      Litoria aurea was compared with that exhibited by the tetradecapeptide bombesin.
      2 Litorin proved to be more potent than bombesin on isolated smooth muscle
      preparations and on the urinary bladder in situ. However, it was less potent on
      dog systemic blood pressure and kidney vasculature activation of the renen
      angiotensin system being slight or lacking. 3 Gastrin release and acid secretion
      produced by litorin was more rapid in onset but less intense and less sustained
      than that elicited by bombesin. The same could be observed for pancreatic
      secretion. 4 Gall bladder contraction stimulated by litorin was probably caused
      by a double action of the peptide, directly on the bladder smooth muscle, and
      indirectly by cholecystokinin release. 5 In its effects on the myo-electric
      activity of the dog duodenum (inhibition of spikes and increase in frequency of
      pacesetter potentials leading to the appearance of a sequence of slow and small
      potentials) litorin possessed approximately 50 to 70% of the activity of
      bombesin.

PMID- 1201381
TI  - Effects of oestradiol and progesterone on the in vitro production of
      prostaglandin F2alpha by the guinea-pig uterus.
AB  - 1 The effects of oestradiol and progesterone on the production of F  2alpha by
      the guinea-pig uterus in vitro have been studied. 2 Ovariectomized guinea-pigs
      were treated with oestradiol benzoate, progesterone, or a combination of these
      hormones. The uteri were homogenized and incubated and the prostaglandin F2alpha
      produced was measured by radiommunoassay or combined gas chromatography-mass
      spectrometry (g.c.-m.s.). Oestradiol treatment or progesterone followed by
      oestradiol caused a significant increase in prostaglandin F2alpha synthesis
      compared with control values, whereas progesterone treatment caused no
      significant increase. 3 The uteri from guinea-pigs on day 7 of the oestrous cycle
      were split into four parts, and each part homogenized and incubated either alone
      or in the presence of oestradiol-17beta, progesterone, or a combination of these
      hormones. Prostaglandin F2alpha was measured by g.c.-m.s. Oestradiol was found to
      increase prostaglandin F2alpha synthesis by the uterus whereas progesterone had
      no effect. However, progesterone did inhibit the response to oestradiol. 4
      Oestradiol treatment of the guinea-pig uterus causes an increase in capacity to
      produce prostaglandin F2alpha in vitro. The role of progesterone is difficult to
      interpret.

PMID- 1201383
TI  - Proceedings: Prostaglandin D1 inhibits the increase in vascular permeability in
      rat skin produced by prostaglandin E1, E2 and D2.

PMID- 1201382
TI  - Rapid reduction of prostaglandin 15-hydroxy dehydrogenase activity in rat tissues
      after treatment with protein synthesis inhibitors.
AB  - 1 The capacity of rat kidneys to metabolize prostaglandins is rapidly lost when
      de novo protein synthesis is reduced by cycloheximide and puromycin. Enzyme
      activity declines to about half control values 45-75 min after a single dose of
      cycloheximide. Prostaglandin metabolism by the lung is also diminished. 2 These
      inhibitors apparently act by preventing the synthesis of new prostaglandin 15
      hydroxy dehydrogenase enzyme. 3 The RNA synthesis actinomycin D has no effect on
      metabolism. 4 It is concluded that prostaglandin dehydrogenase is a short-lived
      enzyme in the cell whose replacement depends upon de novo protein (but not RNA)
      synthesis. The implications of this finding are discussed.

PMID- 1201384
TI  - Proceedings: A comparison of the histopathological effects of anaphylatoxin (AT)
      and prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and F2alpha (PGF2alpha) in guinea-pig lungs.

PMID- 1201385
TI  - Proceedings: Release of prostaglandins in the knee joint of the dog during local
      Shwartzman-like reaction.

PMID- 1201386
TI  - Proceedings: Gastric acidity and the mechanisms by which prostaglandins prevent
      indomethacin-induced gastric erosions.

PMID- 1201387
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of prostaglandin E1 and E2 on drug-induced release of
      (3H)-noradrenaline from rat mesenteric arteries.

PMID- 1201388
TI  - Proceedings: Possible contribution of prostaglandins to genetic hypertension in
      rats: identification of biochemical lesion.

PMID- 1201389
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of ketamine on the peripheral sympathetic nervous system of
      the rat.

PMID- 1201390
TI  - Proceedings: Mechanism of K+-induced release of cytoplasmic noradrenaline from
      adrenergic nerves.

PMID- 1201391
TI  - Proceedings: The time course of noradrenaline release caused by high potassium
      low sodium solution. Effects of methacholine or decrease of the calcium ion
      concentration.

PMID- 1201392
TI  - Proceedings: Stimulation and inhibition by ouabain of the sodium pump in guinea
      pig atria.

PMID- 1201393
TI  - Proceedings: DL-homocysteate-induced motoneurone depolarization with membrane
      conductance decrease.

PMID- 1201394
TI  - Proceedings: Tryptophan metabolism by the isolated perfused rat liver.

PMID- 1201395
TI  - Proceedings: Role of platelet aggregation in bronchoconstriction in guinea-pigs.

PMID- 1201396
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of sulphinpyrazone, sodium aspirin and oxprenolol on the
      formation of arterial platelet thrombi.

PMID- 1201397
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of 5-hydroxy-(3H)-tryptamine binding to rat blood
      platelets by 5-HT antagonists and uptake inhibitors.

PMID- 1201398
TI  - Proceedings: A study of the binding of drugs of blood constituents.

PMID- 1201399
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of prostaglandins E1, E2 and D2 on platelet aggregation:
      variation with animal species and ionized calcium concentration.

PMID- 1201400
TI  - Proceedings: Enlargement of the caecum in the rat.

PMID- 1201401
TI  - Proceedings: The relationship between fenfluramine and norfenfluramine blood
      levels and anoretic activity in the rat.

PMID- 1201402
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of diazepam and a soluble salt of diazepam (fosazepam) on
      sleep in man.

PMID- 1201403
TI  - Proceedings: The relationships between liver volume and the disposition of
      antipyrine and indocyanine green before and after phenobarbitone treatment.

PMID- 1201404
TI  - Proceedings: A correlation between the response to debrisoquine and the amount of
      unchanged drug excreted in the urine.

PMID- 1201405
TI  - Proceedings: Proconvulsant action of folic acid.

PMID- 1201406
TI  - Proceedings: Further observations on the change in sensitivity to halothane
      induced by acute administration of central nervous system depressant drugs in the
      rat.

PMID- 1201407
TI  - Proceedings: Is morphine inhibition to the twitch response of the mouse vas
      deferens mediated via noradrenaline?

PMID- 1201408
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of chronic lithium administration on the metabolism of L
      tryptophan in the rat forebrain.

PMID- 1201409
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of etorphine acepromazine and diprenorphine on respiratory
      function in ponies.

PMID- 1201410
TI  - Proceedings: Responses of the isolated sphincter of Oddi from the guinea-pig to
      feel stimulation.

PMID- 1201411
TI  - Proceedings: An anticholinergic effect of general anaesthetics on cerebrocortical
      neurones.

PMID- 1201412
TI  - Proceedings: The anticonvulsant activity of ketamine in mice following the
      inhibition of GABA synthesis by mercaptoproprionic acid.

PMID- 1201413
TI  - Proceedings: Failure of denervation to influence the high affinity uptake of
      choline by sympathetic ganglia.

PMID- 1201415
TI  - Proceedings: The actions of GABA on d.c. and field potential recordings from the
      rat cuneate nucleus.

PMID- 1201414
TI  - Proceedings: The spontaneous and electrically-evoked release of endogenous amino
      acids from the rat visual cortex.

PMID- 1201416
TI  - Proceedings: Bimodal effect of glycine of frog spinal motoneurones.

PMID- 1201417
TI  - Proceedings: Extracellular and intracellular effects on procion brilliant red
      H3BN on mammalian muscle fibres.

PMID- 1201418
TI  - Proceedings: Reserpine-induced supersensitivity to the rate and tension responses
      to isoprenaline and salbutamol of guinea-pig atria.

PMID- 1201419
TI  - Proceedings: Action of LSD on supersensitive mesolimbic dopamine receptors.

PMID- 1201420
TI  - Proceedings: Biochemical evidence for the involvement of noradrenaline in motor
      activity produced by L-DOPA in rodents.

PMID- 1201421
TI  - Proceedings: Impaired response control in the rat after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions
      to the dorsal noradrenaline bundles.

PMID- 1201422
TI  - Proceedings: Dopamine and drug-induced hyperactivity in rats.

PMID- 1201423
TI  - Proceedings: Tyraminergic mechanisms in rat striatum.

PMID- 1201424
TI  - Proceedings:Pre- and postsynaptic actions of neuroleptic drugs.

PMID- 1201425
TI  - Proceedings: Monoamine oxidase activity in distinct populations of rat brain
      mitochondria.

PMID- 1201426
TI  - Proceedings: Comparison of the effects of DOPA and noradrenaline on single
      cortical neurones.

PMID- 1201427
TI  - Proceedings: Induced receptors for noradrenaline and serotonin in guinea-pig vas
      deferens.

PMID- 1201428
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of chlorpromazine on carbachol binding to muscarinic
      receptors in intestinal smooth muscle.

PMID- 1201429
TI  - Proceedings: Is the latency of parasympathetic nerve effects due to a slow
      activation of muscarinic receptors? An iontophoretic study.

PMID- 1201430
TI  - Proceedings: Changes in the MAO activity with age in the rat vas deferens.

PMID- 1201431
TI  - Proceedings: Radiochemical assay of catecholamines in blood plasma.

PMID- 1201432
TI  - Proceedings: A method for the micro-injection into mammalian muscle fibres of
      procion brilliant red H3BN.

PMID- 1201433
TI  - Proceedings: The use of halothane-induced sleeping time as an index of central
      nervous system excitability.

PMID- 1201434
TI  - Proceedings: Selective autoradiographic markers for GABA-releasing interneurones
      and nerve terminals.

PMID- 1201435
TI  - Proceedings: Topographical study of the distribution of GABA in the human
      substantia nigra.

PMID- 1201436
TI  - Proceedings: Spontaneous and evoked release of newly synthesized [14C]- GABA from
      rat brain slices.

PMID- 1201437
TI  - Proceedings: A theoretical model of two functionally opposite receptor
      populations.

PMID- 1201438
TI  - Proceedings: A simple and cheap method of screening glass microelectrodes.

PMID- 1201439
TI  - Proceedings: Combined EEG recording and intraventricular administration of drugs
      in the conscious rat.

PMID- 1201440
TI  - Proceedings: A centrally-acting antihypertensive agent R28935, a pimozide
      analogue, not acting via alpha-adrenergic neurones.

PMID- 1201441
TI  - Proceedings: Simple models of anaphylaxis and of histamine and 5
      hydroxytryptamine induced inflammation using the mouse pinna.

PMID- 1201442
TI  - Proceedings: Thrombolytic and anti-thrombotic properties of dihomo-gamma
      linolenate in vitro.

PMID- 1201443
TI  - Reacting to autistic children: the danger of trying too hard.
AB  - Recent work has revealed that autistic children's predominating tendency to avoid
      social interactions is actually enhanced by the 'friendly' approaches to others.
      In this study it was recorded on video-tape how eight autistic children reacted
      to four styles of adult behaviour. The adult reacted to the child's looks at her
      by (i) smiling, (ii) gaze averting, (iii) gaze averting plus other 'timid'
      behaviours and (iv) doing nothing except continuing to look back. For this last
      condition--when the adult did not react--it was found that autistic children
      showed less avoidance behaviour after eye contact and spent more time within one
      metre of the adult. The implications for treatment are contrary to much modern
      practice and to what seems to be adults' 'natural' response. Reactivity by others
      appears to enhance the child's avoidance, and it is suggested that adults should
      be circumspect in the degree of sociability with which they respond to autistic
      children.

PMID- 1201444
TI  - Subcultural mental handicap.
AB  - Some conceptual problems in relation to the interaction of genetic influence and
      social disadvantagement are discussed, and some of the results of a study of 144
      families with mentally handicapped children reported. The work of Heber and his
      associates in Milwaukee is briefly reviewed, and the Edinburgh data discussed in
      relation to the study in Aberdeen by Birch et al. (1970). Possible strategies for
      intervention are considered.

PMID- 1201445
TI  - Use of a standardized psychiatric interview in mentally handicapped patients.
AB  - This study attempted to assess the applicability of the Clinical Interview
      Schedule (Goldberg et al., 1970) to mentally handicapped patients in a hospital.
      Twenty-seven patients were rated simultaneously by three raters. Of the 31 items
      assessed for reliability, 11 were completely satisfactory, 8 were satisfactory, 6
      unsatisfactory and 6 'not proven'. Ratings made by all raters for overall
      severity of psychiatric illness correlated significantly with similar ratings
      made by the consultants responsible for the patients.

PMID- 1201446
TI  - Drug therapy in mental handicap.
AB  - Definitions of mental handicap are imprecise in practice, and a wide spectrum of
      patients are provided for under this heading. There can be no question of
      specific treatment for 'mental handicap' as such. Many situations arising in
      institutions for the mentally handicapped derive from the nature of the
      institution and the regime. Drugs may be used 'faute de mieux' when environmental
      manipulation would be more appropriate. There is much over-prescribing, and the
      choice of drugs is not always logical; monitoring of dose is seldom employed. A
      major source of behaviour disturbance in the mentally handicapped is lack of
      suitable occupation. Apart from a few specific indications, use of sedatives and
      tranquillizers for the mentally handicapped should be seen as a holding device,
      to enable a different system of management to be adopted or to disrupt an
      undesirable behaviour pattern.

PMID- 1201447
TI  - The frequency of visual hallucinations in schizophrenic patients in Saudi Arabia.
AB  - Sixty-nine schizophrenic patients (52 men and 17 women) who were consecutive
      admissions to Shehar Psychiatric Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia, were investigated
      for the phenomenology and frequency of visual hallucinations. Of these patients
      43 (62 per cent) were visually hallucinated. It is concluded that visual
      hallucinations in schizophrenia are of common occurrence in this country. The
      need for further investigation as to the part played by cultural and other
      factors is emphasized.

PMID- 1201449
TI  - A factor-analytical study of depression across cultures (African and European).
AB  - In a factor-analytical study of depression across two cultures, African and
      European, certain similarities and important differences were found. Depression
      in African cultures presented principally as depressed mood, somatic symptoms and
      motor retardation. In European cultures depression presented with depressed mood,
      guilt, suicidal ideas, motor retardation or anxiety. Both groups lost interest in
      work and the environment. Guilt and suicidal ideas and acts are uncommon in
      African sample, and appear to be culturally determined.

PMID- 1201448
TI  - Psychiatric diagnosis in New South Wales compared to England and Wales.
AB  - Comparative studies of first admission rates to psychiatric hospitals have
      revealed significant differences in the rates of diagnoses of functional
      psychoses between the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The
      present study examined the diagnoses of indigenous patients born between 1921 and
      1955 and first admitted to hospitals in New South Wales, Australia, and England
      and Wales. Admission rates for mania were in striking agreement. The rate in New
      South Wales for schizophrenia was slightly higher and for psychotic depression
      considerably less than in England and Wales. A similar trend in diagnostic
      dissonance would appear to exist between England and Wales and New South Wales as
      between England and Wales and the United States for schizophrenia and psychotic
      depression, but this is considerably less in degree.

PMID- 1201450
TI  - Deliberate self-harm: clinical and socio-economic characteristics of 368
      patients.
AB  - In this study 368 patients were interviewed after they had attended the Bristol
      Royal Infirmary Accident and Emergency Department following a non-fatal act of
      deliberate self-harm. There were twice as many women (247) as men (121), and two
      thirds of the patients were in the 15-35 age group. Ninety-five per cent had
      taken a drug overdose, most commonly one or more of the tranquillizers,
      antidepressants, hypnotics or analgesics. Seventy-eight per cent had taken drugs
      prescribed by a doctor. Half the patients mentioned interpersonal conflict as a
      major precipitating factor in the episode. A psychiatric diagnosis was completed
      for all admitted patients, of whom 52 per cent were considered to be suffering
      from neurotic depression, 29 per cent from personality disorder, 12 per cent from
      functional psychosis and 10 per cent from alcohol addiction. Almost half had
      deliberately harmed themselves on a previous occasion. The series showed a
      greater than average incidence of unemployment, overcrowded living conditions,
      divorce and antisocial behaviour. The implications of these findings for the
      clinical management and prevention of non-fatal deliberate self-harm are
      discussed.

PMID- 1201451
TI  - A further investigation of differences in the suicide rates of England and Wales
      and of Scotland.
AB  - National samples of case records of suicidal-type deaths from England and Wales
      and from Scotland were reassessed by officials in the other country. It emerged
      that similar criteria for suicide existed in both countries, and that there was
      no age-related tendency to misclassify cases. The lower official suicide rate
      amongst the old in Scotland was therefore considered not to result from
      ascertainment differences. It was also concluded that Scottish records were not
      so briefly documented as to prevent the conclusive ascertainment of cause by
      England and Wales coroners. Cases which were designated 'undetermined' in
      Scotland tended to be classified 'accidental' by coroners. Reasons for the lower
      incidence of suicide in Scotland are discussed.

PMID- 1201453
TI  - Psychological aspects of isolator therapy in acute leukaemia.
AB  - Treatment under conditions of gnotobiotic isolation can augment the stress of
      adaptation to a diagnosis of leukaemia. Identification of the psychological
      problems experienced in isolator treatment can contribute to the effective
      maintenance of therapy. Individual patterns of adjustment to treatment relate to
      the psychological defence mechanisms employed to contend with the dependent
      position enforced by isolation. Psychiatric assessment can assist both patients
      and nursing staff with the management of their separate difficulties in this
      unfamiliar treatment situation. Psychological features of isolator treatment in
      ten patients with acute leukemia are described and suggestions proposed for
      psychological management of patients under isolator conditions.

PMID- 1201452
TI  - Sterilization: a review of 98 sterilized women.
AB  - The details of 98 women sterilized over a three-year period are presented. They
      show that female sterilization is a safe procedure which has a satisfactory
      result in many cases and confers many secondary benefits. However, some regret is
      common and is associated with a high incidence of psychiatric and marital
      morbidity, and this is shown to be related to pre-operative factors. A method of
      pre-operative assessment is outlined which should minimize the risk of a poor
      outcome following female sterilization.

PMID- 1201454
TI  - Effect of ADP on PGE1 formation in blood platelets from patients with depression,
      mania and schizophrenia.
AB  - Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) stimulates the synthesis of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)
      in lysed platelets from normal subjects, patients with affective illness but not
      in platelets from cases of schizophrenia. The stimulation is concentration
      dependent and follows a curve which is mildly sigmoid in the normal, markedly
      sigmoid in depression and hyperbolic in mania.

PMID- 1201455
TI  - The relationship of plasma to erythrocyte lithium levels in patients taking
      lithium carbonate.
AB  - Plasma and erythrocyte lithium levels have been determined repeatedly in twelve
      patients taking lithium carbonate for affective disorders. In any individual the
      plot of the plasma lithium level against erythrocyte/plasma ratio is linear, but
      the ratio can either increase or decrease with increasing plasma lithium
      concentration. Erythrocyte/plasma ratio is an unsound basis for comparing
      individual responses to lithium.

PMID- 1201456
TI  - Intravenous tranquillization with ECT.
AB  - Forty depressed in-patients for whom electro-convulsive therapy had been
      prescribed were rated before treatment on depression and anxiety scales. Side
      effects, post-operative agitation and retrograde memory impairment were assessed
      in each patient after each of several treatments. Results were compared when no
      tranquillizer was given and when either diazepam or haloperidol was administered
      intravenously immediately before the anaesthetic. It was found than when ECT was
      given without tranquillization, the incidence and severity of post-operative
      agitation and of side effects were significantly greater in those patients with a
      high level of anxiety before treatment. Both diazepam and haloperidol were found
      to be effective in subduing agitation and side effects in anxious, depressed
      patients, but with diazepam recovery time was longer.

PMID- 1201457
TI  - Subjective side-effects of ECT.
AB  - The incidence of side-effects present 24 hours after electroconvulsive therapy
      was studied in 96 patients who between them received 500 treatments in a
      consecutive series. None of the side-effects occurred frequently: headache was
      experienced after 2-6 per cent and subjective memory impairment after 3 per cent
      of treatments. None of the unwanted effects held any serious physical threat. The
      aspect of ECT most disliked by the patients in this study, and mentioned by 16
      per cent of them, was the fear of permanent memory upset.

PMID- 1201458
TI  - Cervical cytology in genital infection.
AB  - Papanicolaou-stained cervical smears taken from 203 female patients with either
      gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, or candidosis were examined for the degree of
      inflammatory change. The results from these patients were compared with the
      results of smears taken from women who had no evidence of sexually-acquired
      infection after full assessment in the clinic. Gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis were
      associated with inflammatory changes but these were less marked in patients with
      candidosis. It is concluded that, before cytological inflammatory changes are
      attributed to non-specific genital infection, it is important to exclude
      gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, and, to a lesser extent, candidosis.

PMID- 1201459
TI  - Reiter's disease in a female, presenting as erythema nodosum.
AB  - The case history of a female who presented with erythema nodosum is described,
      and the diagnosis of Reiter's disease is proposed. Reference is made to
      literature on Reiter's disease in the female and to sacroiliac joint
      abnormalities which have been observed in this condition.

PMID- 1201460
TI  - Leucomelanoderma in early syphilis.

PMID- 1201461
TI  - Tabes dorsalis with sudden onset of paraplegia.
AB  - A case is presented of tabes dorsalis with spinal gumma producing collapse of the
      L5 vertebra followed by paraplegia.

PMID- 1201462
TI  - Net uptake and release of calcium and phosphate by bone in vitro: effects of
      medium calcium and phosphate concentrations.
AB  - The effects of varying the initial calcium and phosphate concentrations of the
      culture media on bone calcium and phosphate release were examined, using whole
      calvaria from 3-day-old mice in 48-hour cultures. The initial calcium and
      phosphate concentrations of the culture media were varied in the range 3-10
      mg/100 ml; either calcium or phosphate alone was changed while the other ion was
      held constant, or the concentrations of both were varied while the Ca:P ratio was
      held constant. For all combinations, 3 treatment groups were used: i) control (no
      added hormone); ii) 0.5 U/ml PTH; iii) 50 mU/ml CT. The release of calcium and
      phosphate from the bones was greatest at low initial calcium or phosphate
      concentrations in the media, and least at high initial concentrations. High
      concentrations of both ions together abolished hormonal responses and resulted in
      extensive uptake of calcium and phosphate by the bones. The response to PTH was
      lost at a high concentration of either ion alone, while a response to CT was
      observed under all experimental conditions except simultaneously high calcium and
      phosphate concentrations.

PMID- 1201463
TI  - Quantitative histological evaluation of early fracture healing of cortical bones
      immobilized by stainless steel and composite plates.
AB  - Internal fixation devices of less bending stiffness than conventional plates made
      of stainless steel or vitallium were compared with conventional plates in a study
      of fracture healing. The material for this investigation was a fine graphite
      fiber reinforced methyl methacrylate resin composite with a modulus of elasticity
      approximately ten times less than that of stainless steel. Osteotomies were
      performed on canine radii. Internal fixation was accomplished by means of a
      composite plate on the left side, and a stainless steel plate on the right.
      Clinical assessment, as well as biomechanical and quantitative histological
      techniques, were used to compare osteotomy healing of the two sides. At four
      months, all osteotomies had healed and the bioengineering tests showed radii from
      the two sides had equivalent strength. However, significantly less cortical
      porosity was found in the side with the composite plate (6.8 per cent), as
      compared to that of the stainless steel plated side (14 per cent). These results
      suggest that a less stiff fixation plate may have some advantage in the treatment
      of long bone fracture if there is no implant failure, and if union rates are
      equivalent.

PMID- 1201464
TI  - Frozen thin-sections of rapidly forming bone: bone cell ultrastructure.
AB  - Frozen thin-sections of fresh medullary bone, which had been calcifying for 2 to
      4 days, were prepared and examined in the electron microscope. The bone was
      obtained from male Japanese quail treated with estradiol valerate. Large numbers
      of 200-800 A electron dense granules, which consisted of 50-75 A subparticles,
      were seen within mitochondria. A population of electron-dense particles slightly
      smaller than ribosomes was also observed. Most granules were not present after
      conventional fixation, dehydration, embedding, sectioning and staining. Oother
      structures which were visible, also on the basis of their intrinsic electron
      density, were nuclei with regions which resembled condensed chromatin, ribosomes
      and rough endoplasmic reticulum. By the use of osmium tetroxide vapor staining,
      inner and outer membranes and cristae of mitochondria were delineated. Other
      membranous components were not detected. Since very little loss or dislocation of
      cell components can occur during the preparation of frozen thin-sections, the
      micrographs obtained may be a more accurate representation of cell
      ultrastructure.

PMID- 1201465
TI  - Reversible extinction of the morphogen in bone matrix by reduction and oxidation
      of disulfide bonds.
AB  - Beta-Mercaptoethanol (beta-ME) or dithiothreitol (DTT) reduction extinguishes the
      capacity of bone matrix gelatin to produce new bone following implantation in a
      muscle pouch. If the reducing solution is used in concentrations of 50 mmoles/l
      or less, the extinction can be partially reversed by bubbling of oxygen through
      the solution for one hour. Sulfhydryl group blocking reagents prevent reoxidation
      of reduced bone gelatin, and restoration of the bone morphogenetic property
      (BMP). Unspecific borohydride reduction at 37 degrees destroys bone yield
      irreversibly, but at 2 degrees reduction of free aldehyde groups in bone gelatin
      does not prevent beta-ME and DTT reversible extinction. These observations are
      interpreted to suggest that the disulphide linkage may be an essential part of
      the biologically active conformation of either a non-collagenous bone
      morphogenetic polypeptide firmly bound to collagen or a collagen by-product
      entrapped within a water insoluble gel matrix.

PMID- 1201466
TI  - Pathogenesis of gangrene following intra-arterial injection of drugs: a new
      hypothesis.
AB  - We have demonstrated the toxicity of diazepam and the safety of ketamine
      hydrochloride following intra-arterial injection in an anaesthetized animal
      model. The pathogenesis of gangrene following intra-arterial injection of drugs
      is unclear. Clinical reports and this experiment suggest that it only follows
      injection of highly membrane-soluble drugs. Early swelling and disruption of
      capillary endothelial cells were demonstrated after intra-arterial injection of
      diazepam and thiopentone. We believe that a theory of pathogenesis based on this
      finding is consistent not only with our experimental findings, but with known in
      vitro effects of membrane soluble drugs on cell membranes and the clinical
      features following intra-arterial injections in both human subjects and in
      animals.

PMID- 1201467
TI  - Pulmonary shunting during anaesthesia in man.
AB  - Qs/Qt was determined during halothane and oxygen anaesthesia in 22 patients. All
      were believed to have no pulmonary dysfunction. A surgical operation was in
      progress and respiration was controlled. Qs/Qt was minimal in 15 of these
      patients (means 3.9 plus or minus 0.3%), indicating that anaesthesia and
      operation can be conducted in man without a significant increase of pulmonary
      shunting. The level of shunting was increased in the other seven patients. In
      neither group was Qs/Qt altered by the passage of time. Age varied between 23 and
      61 years and was directly and significantly correlated to Qs/Qt (r=0.57,P less
      than0.01).

PMID- 1201469
TI  - Airway closure in pregnancy.
AB  - Closing capacity (CC; the lung volume at which dependent lung zones cease to
      ventilate, presumably as a result of airway closure) and standard lung volumes
      were measured in twenty-four normal women 21 to 29 years of age in the seated and
      supine positions. Measurements were made serially during pregnancy and once 6 to
      8 weeks post partum (the control period). CC was unchanged during pregnancy,
      while functional residual capacity (FRC) fell by approximately 15%. The
      difference between FRC and CC (FRC-CC) was reduced during pregnancy, but in one
      of the subjects when seated, and in only two supine subjects did CC exceed FRC.
      FRC-CC was reduced in the supine position as compared to seated. The reduced FRC
      CC during pregnancy offers a potential explanation for the observations of
      abnormally low arterial oxygen tensions (Pao2) during pregnancy in some women,
      and of reduced Pao2 in pregnant women in the supine as compared to upright
      position.

PMID- 1201468
TI  - Body build and preoperative arterial oxygen tensions.
AB  - Arterial oxygen tensions were determined in 35 supine unpremedicated surgical
      patients. Correlations were sought for age, weight, and weight/height, and Pao2.
      A definite, clear cut linear reduction of Po2 with age was found but not for
      weight alone. A relationship with weight/height ratio was found. If the
      weight/height related reduction in FRC following induction is added to that, two
      potential factors can be seen to contribute to intra-operative hypoxaemia. In a
      further 20 patients who received phenobarbitone premedication only, arterial
      oxygen tensions were found to be above the predicted line for their age. This is
      taken as evidence against respiratory depression due to premedication with
      barbiturates.

PMID- 1201470
TI  - The myocardial effects of pancuronium.
AB  - The effect of pancuronium on myocardial contractility was studied in three
      different animal preparations. Pancuronium produced no change in isometric
      contraction of rabbit atrial or cat papillary muscle but displaced the
      acetylcholine dose-response curve to the right in the papillary muscle
      preparations, verifying a muscarinic blocking effect of this drug. In atropinized
      dogs in vivo pancuronium produced no significant change in the cardiovascular
      parameters studied. These studies show that pancuronium exerts its cardiovascular
      effects primarily by blocking muscarinic receptors in the heart.

PMID- 1201471
TI  - Use of chloroquine in shock.
AB  - One group of dogs received single doses of intramuscular chloroquine and another
      group served as a control. The dogs were subjected to haemorrhagic shock and then
      retransfused with their own blood after two hours of shock. The chloroquine
      treated dogs had normal PA pressures after correction of acidosis and
      significantly smaller increases in the pulmonary vascular resistance. The results
      are similar but less marked than those obtained with aspirin. Chloroquine
      inhibited in vitro platelet aggregation by 50% and was not associated with any
      increased bleeding. This may be an advantage when used in patients with multiple
      trauma or increased bleeding tendency.

PMID- 1201472
TI  - Effect of isoflurane anaesthesia and surgery on carbohydrate metabolism and
      plasma cortisol levels in man.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to investigate in nine male surgical patients
      the effects of isoflurane anaesthesia alone on the carbohydrate metabolism by
      determining plasma growth hormone (GH), insulin, blood glucose, and cortisol, and
      to compare them with the effects of anaesthesia associated with surgical
      operations. Determination of plasma GH, insulin, cortisol, and blood glucose were
      made simultaneously before induction of isoflurane anaesthesia, after maintenance
      of anaesthesia for 15 minutes and 30 minutes and during and after conclusion of
      the operation. Plasma GH concentrations showed a significant elevation during
      isoflurane anaesthesia, and maintained a similar high level one hour after the
      start of the operation. An insignificant elevation in plasma insulin level and
      significant increases in blood glucose were noted during anaesthesia and
      operation. Plasma cortisol levels increased insignificantly during anaesthesia,
      but increased markedly during operation. Our observations would suggest that the
      increased blood level of GH and elevated blood cortisol play a part in the
      increase of blood glucose during isoflurane anaesthesia and surgical operations
      in man.

PMID- 1201473
TI  - Anaesthesia for dwarfs and other patients of pathological small stature.
AB  - Sixty-nine anaesthetics were administered to 29 patients of pathological
      proportionate and disproportionate small stature. The anaesthetic course in most
      cases was uncomplicated. The few complications noted were similar in type and
      severity to those found in normal size patients undergoing similar anaesthesia
      and operative procedures. Achondroplastic dwarfs often develop neurological
      problems due to their bony deformities. General anaesthesia should be given
      preferential consideration in these patients. Non-achondroplastic dwarfs may have
      an associated odontoid dysplasia and if the neck is placed in flexion there is a
      potential risk of spinal cord damage. Tube size for proportionately small
      children is best estimated from body weight. No definite recommendations
      concerning proper tybe size in dwarfs can be given on the basis of the findings
      in the study.

PMID- 1201475
TI  - Multiple anaesthetics in a patient with phaeochromocytoma.
AB  - A patient with phaeochromocytoma was anaesthetized on four seperate occasions.
      Some of the problems associated with this disease are discussed and
      recommendations for anaesthetic management are made.

PMID- 1201474
TI  - Anaesthetic considerations in bronchial adenoma.
AB  - The patient with bronchial adenoma can present a puzzling diagnostic dilemma as
      well as challenging problems in anaesthetic management. Several aspects are
      reviewed in this report. Diagnostically these include chest roentgenographic
      findings and unique pulmonary function test. Problems in anaesthetic management
      include possible development of acute carcinoid syndrome, as this tumour is
      usually of the carcinoid variety. In addition, the tumour may act as a ball
      valve, causing uneven ventilation of affected lung with expiratory air trapping.
      Several factors may necessitate prolonged bronchial blockage during anaesthesia.
      These include a friable mass which may bleed profusely upon manipulation,
      infected and atelectatic parenchymal tissue beyond the obstruction, copious
      volumes of purulent secretions, and one lung ventilation during resection.

PMID- 1201476
TI  - Cerebral thrombophlebitis in puerperium.

PMID- 1201477
TI  - A simple dichromatic densitometer for repeated measurements of cardiac output in
      small animals.
AB  - The construction of a simple device for continuous monitoring and recording of
      plasma indocyanine green concentration in small animals is described. The
      apparatus is designed to hold a vascular bed such as the ear or the omentum and
      to transilluminate it with white light from a fiber optic bundle. The transmitted
      light is divided by a dichroic mirror. Appropriate filters select a narrow band
      of frequencies from each segment. There are two photovoltaic cells, one sensitive
      to the dye and the other insensitive to it. Both are approximately equally
      reactive to changes in transilluminence caused by changes in blood content or
      hematocrit and are relatively insensitive to changes in oxygen saturation of the
      transilluminated blood. Reproducible estimates of cardiac output have been
      obtained with the injection of 300 mug indocyanine green in a volume of 20 mul
      with the densitometer applied to the small intestine or to the ear of the animal.
      The device responds linearly to increasing plasma indocyanine green
      concentrations and can be calibrated with less than 0.1 ml of blood.

PMID- 1201478
TI  - Ontogenic pattern of dopamine, acetylcholine, and acetylcholinesterase in the
      brains of normal and hypothyroid rats.
AB  - The influence of neonatal thyroidectomy (Tx) on developmental changes in dopamine
      (DA), acetylcholine (ACh), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was studied in the
      whole brain of rats. In control animals, brain levels of ACh gradually increased
      and attained adult values at the 70th day. In contrast, AChE activity showed a
      rapid increase between the 7th and 30th days. Levels of DA were low during the
      early postnatal life but markedly increased to reach adult values of 1.47 mug/g
      at the 30th day, after which no further enhancement was noted. Neonatal Tx
      interfered with the normal growth of the animals, decreased brain weights, and
      markedly influenced the developmental pattern of both DA and ACh in the brain.
      The concentration of DA in 30-day-old hypothyroid rats was 46% of the control
      values. In contrast, brain ACh levels in Tx rats were consistently above those
      seen in controls, being significantly higher, by 49 and 64%, at 15 and 30 days,
      respectively. Activity of AChE in brains of hypothyroid animals was not
      significantly different from that in controls. Treatment of Tx rats with thyroid
      hormone virtually restored the levels of DA and ACh to values in control animals.

PMID- 1201479
TI  - Time course of onset and decay of humoral natriuretic activity in the rat.
AB  - The natriuretic mechanism.tic activity shown in earlier cross-circulation
      experiments to develop in the blood of rats undergoing sustained vascular
      expansion has been further characterized. Following whole blood infusion and
      urine reinfusion of the donor rat, a cross-circulated isovolaemic partner
      exhibits a natriuresis of gradual onset, requiring 60-80 min to reach a peak
      (0.04-3.24 muequiv./min per gram kidney weight). The gradual feature of recipient
      natriuresis was unchanged by infusing the donor rat 1 h prior to cross
      circulation. Once developed, the recipient natriuresis was sustained when fluid
      depletion by the renal response was prevented, but was reversible with a half
      life of about 30 min on interruption of the cross-circulation; reconnection of
      cross-circulation promptly restored recipient natriuresis. No significant
      natriuresis (0.04-0.16 muequiv/min per gram kidney weight) occurred in the
      recipients if the donors in comparable cross-circulations were not infused. These
      findings confirm that a natriuretic activity develops in the blood as a
      consequence of vascular expansion, and reveal that the activity has a slowly
      developing and reversible action on the renal natriure

PMID- 1201481
TI  - Kinetics of the red cell washout from coronary vessels of isolated feline hearts.
AB  - Twenty seven isolated feline hearts were perfused with cell-free oxygenated
      Ringer-Locke solutions. The concentration of red blood cells in samples of venous
      outflow collected from the coronary sinuses was determined by means of a
      Celloscope counter. Cellular concentrations decreased gradually as the perfusion
      time increased, and from 10(9) to 10(5) cells per millilitre after 300 ml
      perfusion. When the ventricular lumens were filled with residual blood (group I,
      15 cats), several red cell peaks were superimposed on the smooth exponential
      decay curve of red cell washout. It is suggested that the peaks were caused by
      ejection of red cells from the ventricular lumens into communicating branches
      between the ventricular lumens and coronary capillaries. In cases of blood
      emptied hearts (group II, 12 cats) these peaks did not occur, and mathematical
      analysis showed that summing three exponential functions could approximate the
      whole washout curve of red cells. This suggests that the coronary circulation may
      be described by three red cell compartments. The functional implication of this
      analysis for the microcirculation in the coronary vessels was discussed.

PMID- 1201480
TI  - The effect of norethandrolone on organic ion transport by rat renal cortical
      slices.
AB  - Norethandrolone (NE) and other androgenic steroids have been shown to be
      renotropic in various species and have also been reported to have salutary
      effects in patients with diminished renal function. Renal cortical slices
      prepared from rats pretreated with NE showed an increased capability to
      concentrate p-aminohippuric acid (PAH). Pretreatment with NE failed to stimulate
      the transport of the organic base tetraethylammonium and the organic acid
      benzylpenicillin. Stimulation of PAH transport was observed after eight daily
      subcutaneous injections of NE. No stimulation was observed with shorter
      pretreatment intervals. When NE was given subcutaneously for 14 days at doses of
      2.6 or 20 mg kg-1 day-1, significant stimulation of PAH transport was seen at all
      three dose levels but no dose-effect relationship was apparent. Stimulation of
      PAH transport was seen in female rats as well as castrated and intact males. In
      addition to its general anabolic properties, NE induces the synthesis of hepatic
      microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes. For comparative purposes, therefore, the
      effect of pregnenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) was also investigated. This
      agent is a potent inducer of drug metabolism but is neither anabolic nor
      renotropic. When rats were pretreated with an inducing dose of PCN (75 mg kg-1
      day-1 for 3 days), there was no significant stimulation of PAH transport. It
      would seem, then, that the stimulatory effect of NE on PAH transport is more
      closely associated with its generalized anabolic effect than with its ability to
      induce hepatic microsomal enzymes.

PMID- 1201482
TI  - The development of sympathetic innervation and the functional state of the
      cardiovascular system in newborn dogs.
AB  - The present study in dogs indicates that the peripheral sympathetic fibers
      develop mostly after birth and reach a full maturity at about 2 months of life.
      The norepinephrine content of the heart, spleen, intestine, salivary glands, and
      adrenal glands increased from birth to 56 days of age. In contrast, the content
      of the stellate ganglia decreased during this period. In most of the organs
      studied, the uptake of [3H] norepinephrine developed in parallel with the
      norepinephrine content, except in the right atrium and salivary glands where it
      was fully developed soon after birth. During development, the systemic blood
      pressure increased from 40 to 100 mm Hg. Bilateral adrenal vessel clamping failed
      to induce a fall in blood pressure in growing dogs which indicates that the
      adrenal medulla or the baroreceptors did not fully compensate for the lack of
      peripheral sympathetic fibers and for the lower blood pressure in newborn
      animals. Although cardiac norepinephrine content was still very low in 10-day-old
      animals, cardiovascular responses to direct and reflex sympathetic stimulation
      were similar to those observed in 56-day-old animals. These results indicate that
      the sympathetic nervous system becomes functional before the fibers reach their
      full maturity.

PMID- 1201483
TI  - Growth hormone and cortisol levels in the annual cycle of white-tailed deer
      (Odocoileus virginianus).
AB  - The annual cycles of growth hormone and cortisol levels in white-tailed deer were
      followed. No significant difference was found in the average cortisol levels in a
      large group of animals during the year. In contrast to cortisol, growth hormone
      (GH) investigated by heterologous bovine GH radioimmunoassay, seems to have a
      distinct annual rhythm. High levels of GH in plasma were found between casting
      and the first week of antler growth with the peak of 23.1 ng/ml (estimated in
      bovine GH equivalents) in the middle of April. From the middle of June until the
      middle of November a plateau averaging 3 ng/ml was found. The relationships
      between very rapid growth of a bone tissue and the influence of GH and sex
      hormones are discussed.

PMID- 1201484
TI  - The effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on action potentials in the mollusc
      Aplysia.
AB  - The effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) on action potentials were
      examined during intrasomatic recordings from the isolated buccal and parieto
      visceral ganglia of Aplysia californica. When added to the saline solution
      bathing the preparation, the compound (in concentrations 10(-4) - 10(-5) M)
      caused a reduction in spike overshoot (15-20% of total amplitude) and increased
      the lability of responses to electrical stimulation. The somatic membrane
      appeared to be more affected than the axonal membrane. Diffusion barriers in the
      ganglion probably account for the high degree of variability in drug response,
      such that both of the characteristic changes were observed in only about 30% of
      the tests. This is the first report to describe effects of delta9-THC on
      invertebrate neurones. The results indicate that delta9-THC causes a depression
      in nerve cell excitability, and these data are consistent with reported effects
      of THC compounds in mammals.

PMID- 1201485
TI  - The bronchodilator acitivity of an 11-deoxyprostaglandin (AY 23 578).
AB  - The bronchodilator activity of AY-23 578 was studied in vivo and in vitro
      techniques. In the conscious guinea pig, aerosols of AY-23 578, prostaglandin
      (PGE2) E2, and isoproterenol afforded significant protection against histamine
      induced convulsions. In the anesthetized guinea pig, where changes in tracheal
      pressure were taken as an index of bronchoconstriction, AY-23 578, PGE2, and
      isoproterenol were equipotent in inhibiting the bronchoconstriction induced by
      histamine. AY-23 578, PGE2, and isoproterenol reduced or prevented neostigmine-,
      prostaglandin F2alpha- or carbachol-induced increases in pulmonary resistance,
      and decreases in dynamic compliance in the anesthetized cat. The activities of
      the former two compounds were qualitatively similar but less potent than
      isoproterenol. In both the guinea pig and the cat, the aerosol administration of
      effective bronchodilator doses of AY-23 578 did not exhibit any significant
      cardiovascular effects. Both AY-23 578 and PGE2 caused relaxation of the isolated
      guinea pig tracheal strip; PGE2 was about six times more potent than AY-23 578.
      It is concluded that AY-23 578 is an effective bronchodilator in both the guinea
      pig and cat.

PMID- 1201486
TI  - The effect of cocaine on the responses of the differently innervated laryngeal
      and bronchial ends of the guinea pig trachea in vitro to clinically used
      bronchodilators.
AB  - Fluorescent histochemical studies indicate that guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle
      has sparse adrenergic innervation with the greatest nerve density being located
      at the laryngeal end. In the present study, log dose-response lines were obtained
      for dl-isoprenaline (ISO), l-adrenaline (ADR) l-noradrenaline (NOR), salbutamol
      (SALB), and orciprenaline on isolated tracheal chains prepared from both the
      laryngeal (L) and bronchial (B) ends of the trachea. Responses were obtained in
      the absence and presence of the Uptake1 blocker, cocaine (0.67 and 6.7 muM) which
      markedly potentiated responses to NOR and ADR but failed to significantly alter
      responses to ISO and SALB on L preparations. The degree of potentiation obtained
      on B preparations was significantly less for NOR and ADR and was not significant
      for the other agents. In addition, experiments were carried out on tracheal
      chains which developed their normal tone in the absence of carbachol, and also on
      preparations obtained from 6-hydroxydopamine treated animals. The present
      findings, based on selective potentiation of NOR and ADR, support evidence that
      the degree of adrenergic innervation to the guinea pig trachea is greater at the
      laryngeal end, and the results obtained with cocaine strengthen the argument that
      it has a pre-synaptic site of action.

PMID- 1201487
TI  - Structure--activity relations for the acceleration of efflux of noradrenaline
      from adrenergic nerves in rabbit atria by sympathomimetic amines.
AB  - Atria from reserpine-pretreated rabbits were exposed to pargyline to inhibit
      monoamine oxidase (amine oxidase (flavin-containing) EC 1.4.3.4) and subsequently
      incubated in (-)-[3H]noradrenaline to allow the cytoplasmic accumulation of amine
      in adrenergic nerves. The structure-activity relations for acceleration of efflux
      of cytoplasmic amine were examined. The most potent agents studied were (+)- and
      (-)-amphetamine, beta-phenethylamine, phentermine, and mephentermine. Ability to
      accelerate efflux was reduced by addition of phenolic hydroxyl groups, by
      phenolic methylation, by beta-hydroxylation, and by N-substitution. The structure
      activity relations for acceleration of efflux differ notably from those for
      uptake, inhibition of uptake, or release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerves,
      reported in previous studies. The ability and potency of a given phenethylamine
      derivative to accelerate the efflux of cytoplasmic noradrenaline is probably
      determined by such factors as the lipid solubility of the amine, the affinity of
      the amine for the uptake and efflux site(s) for noradrenaline, and competition
      for any reserpine-resistant intraneuronal binding sites.

PMID- 1201489
TI  - Effects of testosterone metabolites on serum gonadotropin concentrations in
      immature male rats.
AB  - The ability of testosterone, androsterone, 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol,
      and 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol to prevent the castration-induced rise in
      serum gonadotropin levels was investigated in immature male rats. Rats castrated
      at 30 days of age were treated once per day by subcutaneous injection of 12.5-100
      mug of the steroid per 100 g body weight per day for 3 days, beginning on the day
      of castration. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection.
      Testosterone propionate, androsterone propionate, and 5alpha-androstane
      3alpha,17beta-diol dipropionate were also tested at the approximate molar
      equivalent of 100 mug of the free alcohol form per 100 g body weight per day.
      Testosterone propionate and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol were the only
      compounds tested that prevented the castration induced rise in luteinizing
      hormone (LH) concentrations. Testosterone propionate also inhibited the rise in
      follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations whereas 5alpha-androstane
      3alpha,17beta-diol inhibited the rise in FSH in one but not in another
      experiment. These were the only compounds tested that affected serum FSH
      concentrations. The lower doses of testosterone tested significantly increased
      serum LH, but not FSH concentrations compared to castrate control animals. The
      highest dose tested partially inhibited the rise in serum LH concentrations. Both
      androsterone and androsterone propionate maintained ventral prostate weights.
      Although neither compound prevented the castration induced rise in serum LH, two
      groups receiving androsterone had serum LH concentrations significantly lower
      than the castrate control group. 5alpha-Androstane-3beta,17beta-diol and 5alpha
      androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol dipropionate failed to maintain ventral prostate
      weights or prevent the rise in serum gonadotropin levels. These results indicate
      that 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol is capable of preventing the castration
      induced rise in serum LH concentrations in the immature male rat and thus may
      participate in the regulation of LH secretion in these animals.

PMID- 1201488
TI  - Contractile responses of canine isolated pulmonary lobar arteries and veins to
      norepinephrine, serotonin, and tyramine.
AB  - Isolated helical strips of canine intrapulmonary lobar arteries and veins (about
      4 mm in diameter) undergo dose-related tension development when exposed to
      increasing concentrations (10(-8) - 10(-3) M) of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin
      or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and tyramine (Tyr). Venous segments were generally
      more sensitive while the maximum tension development was greater in the arterial
      strips, probably owing to their greater thickness. Both strips were more
      sensitive to 5-HT than NE and only responded to Tyr at high concentrations.
      Norepinephrine and 5-HT were nearly equally efficacious, whereas Tyr was less so.
      Responses to the latter were slow to develop, exhibited tachyphylaxis, and were
      greatly inhibited by phentolamine (10(-8) M), an alpha-adrenergic blocker.
      Exposure to cocaine (10(-5) M) enhanced submaximal NE responses, inhibited Tyr
      contractions and had no consistent effect on 5-HT responses. Phentolamine (10(-8)
      M) was also found to inhibit NE responses without altering 5-HT probably acts on
      other receptors. Tyramine may, in part, act directly on alpha-adrenergic
      receptors but may also release NE from surviving adrenergic nerve terminals in
      the preparation. Cocaine inhibits this effect and potentiates responses to lower
      levels of NE, presumably by blocking NE uptake into nerve terminals although a
      post-junctional action cannot be excluded.

PMID- 1201490
TI  - Effects produced by local applications of harmaline in the inferior olive.
AB  - Local microinjections of harmaline evoked sustained rhythmic activity in the
      inferior olive of decerebrate cats. Harmaline appears to exert its action within
      restricted areas of the inferior olivary complex: the caudal halves of the dorsal
      and medial accessory nuclei. Since the highly synchronized activity generated by
      harmaline can be attributed to extensive electrotonic coupling between olivary
      neurones, it is postulated that such a coupling mechanism is weaker if not absent
      in the principal olive and in the rostral parts of the accessory nuclei.

PMID- 1201491
TI  - Reversal of insulin resistance by ATP in hemorrhagic shock.
AB  - Hemorrhagic shock was produced by bleeding rats to a mean arterial pressure of 40
      mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 133 N/m2), which was maintained for 2 h. Muscles from these
      animals ('shock' muscles) showed resistance to the stimulation of glucose uptake
      by insulin. Addition of 1 mM ATP-MgCl2 to the medium had no effect on basal
      glucose uptake in either group of muscles, but it permitted insulin to exert its
      stimulatory effect in 'shock' muscles. An optimal insulin effect on glucose
      uptake in 'shock' muscles incubated without ATP was observed at an insulin
      concentration of 0.2 Unit/ml. When 1 mM ATP-MgCl2 was added to the medium,
      optimal insulin effect in 'shock' muscles was observed at an insulin
      concentration of 0.007 Unit/ml. Increasing the concentration of ATP-MgCl2 to 2.5
      mM in the medium resulted in an optimal insulin effect at an insulin
      concentration of ATP-MgCl2 to 2.5 mM in the medium resulted in an optimal insulin
      effect at an insulin concentration of 0.001 Unit/ml in 'shock' muscles. Following
      1 h cubation in Krebs-HCO3 medium, intracellular ATP contents of 'shock' muscles
      were approximately 50% lower than in control muscles. Addition of 1 mM ATP-MgCl2
      to the incubation medium had no effect on the intracellular ATP contents of
      either group of muscles following incubation; however, 2.5 mM ATP-MgCl2 elevated
      intracellular ATP contents of 'shock' muscles but had no effect in control
      muscles. Possible mechanisms for this reversal of insulin resistance by ATP-MgCl2
      in shock are discussed.

PMID- 1201492
TI  - Water, cations, and norepinephrine content of cardiovascular tissues of
      unilaterally nephrectomized dogs treated with deoxycorticosterone and NaCl.
AB  - Deoxycorticosterone pivalate (2.5 mg/kg) given intramuscularly on four occasions
      10-15 days apart over a period of 45 days to unilaterally nephrectomized adult
      male mongrel dogs, receiving as drinking solution 0.9% NaCl in 5% dextrose,
      resulted in an average sustained rise in the mean arterial blood pressure of 30
      mm Hg (1 mm Hg - 133 N/m2) in 60% of the animals. Hypertensive dogs had in their
      arterial tissues generally more sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium than
      the similarly treated but non-hypertensive dogs, but compared to the tissues of
      operated untreated or unoperated normotensive dogs, only sodium and calcium were
      significantly higher. The dogs who were similarly treated but did not develop
      hypertension had in their arterial tissues less sodium, potassium, and magnesium
      than operated untreated or unoperated normotensive dogs. Norepinephrine content
      in the branches of mesenteric arteries of all deoxycorticosterone- and NaCl
      treated animals, irrespective of their blood pressure, was significantly lower,
      and in the myocardium significantly higher, than either the unoperated
      normotensive or operated but not further treated dogs. It is concluded,
      therefore, that in deoxycorticosterone + NaCl treatment the dogs which developed
      hypertension had more arterial sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium than
      those who were similarly treated but remained within the limits of normal blood
      pressure, and that there was no difference between hypertensive and non
      hypertensive dogs in regard to their cardiovascular norepinephrine content.

PMID- 1201493
TI  - Bile acid metabolism in mammals. VIII. Biliary secretion of cholylarginine by the
      isolated perfused rat liver.
AB  - In studies of cholic acid metabolism using the isolated perfused rat liver
      system, an unknown conjugate of cholic acid was observed. This conjugate
      comprised 15-27% of the biliary bile acids in these experiments, was less polar
      than cholylglycine on thin-layer chromatography using butanol, acetic acid, and
      water, and had an apparent molecular weight greater than that of cholyltaurine on
      gas-liquid chromatography. Amino acid analysis of the hydrolyzed conjugate
      demonstrated the presence of arginine. Perfusion studies with radioactive
      arginine, and mass spectrometric analysis proved that the conjugate was
      cholylarginine. Secretion of this conjugate does not represent a deficiency of
      available glycine and taurine.

PMID- 1201494
TI  - The influence of (3H)taurocholate on the biliary excretion of (14C)acetylprocaine
      amide ethobromide.
AB  - The biliary excretion rates of [14C]acetylprocaine amide ethobromide (acetyl
      PAEB) and [3H]taurocholate, either administered alone or in combination to adult
      male Wistar rats, were studied. Their renal pedicles were ligated, and the common
      bile duct and one jugular vein cannulated. Acetyl-PAEB, 20 mg/kg, and sodium
      taurocholate, 70 mg/kg, were infused over a 5-min period. Blood and bile samples
      were collected every 10 min for 60 min. Liver samples were taken at 10 and 20
      min. Approximately 100% of the administered taurocholate was excreted within 50
      min. The simultaneous administration of acetyl-PAEB did not significantly alter
      the taurocholate excretion. The amount of the acetyl-PAEB dose excreted in 1 h
      was 9.4%. This was increased significantly to 16.5% when taurocholate was given
      concomitantly. The concentration of acetyl-PAEB in the bile increased
      significantly when taurocholate was given, and the ratios of its concentrations
      in bile-liver and bile-plasma were also increased. Taurocholate did not alter the
      liver-plasma concentration ratio of acetyl-PAEB. It is suggested that the
      concomitant administration of taurocholate increased the biliary excretion of
      acetyl-PAEB by facilitating its secretion by the liver into the bile.

PMID- 1201495
TI  - Rate of incorporation of CO2 carbon into glucose and other body constituents in
      vivo.
AB  - Specific activity curves of respired CO2 and of body glucose after intravenous
      NaH14CO3 as tracer and, in separate experiments, after [U-14C]glucose as tracer
      were employed to assess rate of interchange of carbon between HCO3 and glucose,
      and to calculate other rates of input and output for each of these substances.
      Solution for six rates attending the model was by integrals rather than by curve
      analysis. Fasting caused a twofold increase in rate of transport of CO2 carbon to
      glucose. Whereas in fed animals this rate was only 7% of the forward flow from
      glucose to CO2, it rose to 31% during fasting. Glucose carbon derived from CO2
      rose from 3.7 to 20%. As expected, the rates of entry of new glucose to blood,
      and the conversion rate of glucose to products in body depots and to CO2 were
      reduced by fasting, whereas, the non-glucose input to CO2 was increased. Fasting
      was attended by a 20-fold increase in rate of conversion of CO2-derived carbon to
      hepatic glycogen and a fourfold increase to non-hepatic glycogen. Protein
      exceeded all whole-body depots for rate of acceptance of such carbon, and total
      lipids received an appreciable amount, but fasting caused no overall increase for
      either.

PMID- 1201496
TI  - Effect of dietary dieldrin on the liver and drug metabolism in the female Swiss
      Vancouver mouse.
AB  - Female Swiss-Vancouver (SWV) mice, 13 weeks old, were exposed to dietary dieldrin
      for up to 10 weeks. Liver mass, hepatic microsomal protein and cytochrome P-450,
      and the in vitro metabolism of imipramine were determined at intervals. Dieldrin
      (5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm) caused hepatomegaly and increases in P-450; both effects
      were dose-related. All doses increased microsomal protein by about 30% (control
      value was 15.3 mg of protein per gram of liver). Maximal responses were attained
      by 2 weeks of exposure and maintained thereafter. Plateau liver masses at these
      respective doses were 111, 119, 133, and 162% of the control value (57.9 mg of
      liver per gram of body weight). Cytochrome P-450 was, respectively, 124, 142,
      185, and 173% of the control value (0.93 nmol per milligram of microsomal
      protein). These changes decreased pentobarbital sleeping times by an average of
      540% in animals fed 5, 15, or 25 ppm for 4 weeks. Similarly, the latency to the
      onset of anesthesia was increased by 26% at all doses. The N-oxidation and aryl
      hydroxylation of imipramine increased with age, while demethylation decreased.
      The hydroxylation and demethylation of imipramine was increased after 2 and 4
      weeks, respectively, of exposure to 20 ppm; N-oxidation was decreased. Longer
      exposure to lower doses caused similar changes. The changes in liver parameters
      and imipramine metabolism induced by 4 weeks exposure to 20 ppm were absent 6
      weeks after exposure ceased.

PMID- 1201497
TI  - Correlation between extracellular focal potentials and K+ potentials evoked by
      primary afferent activity.
AB  - There is a clear, positive correlation in amplitude between changes in potassium
      potentials (deltaEK) and focal potentials (deltaV) evoked by tetanic stimulation
      of afferent nerves in the cuneate nucleus and dorsal horn of cats under Dial
      anaesthesia or after decerebration. Data obtained with stimulations at various
      frequencies and intensities, or recording at different positions give a
      relatively constant slope of deltaV/deltaEK (varying between 0.2 and 0.6 in
      different experiments). These observations are fully consistent with the
      possibility that deltaV mainly reflects changes in extracellular potassium
      concentration caused by the release of K+ from active terminals. Differences in
      time course of deltaEK ANd deltaV evoked by single stimuli are a steep function
      of distance and therefore can be ascribed to the slowness of diffusion, without
      excluding the possibility of an early additional depolarizing effect by another
      mechanism.

PMID- 1201498
TI  - Factors determining the decay of K+ potentials and focal potentials in the
      central nervous system.
AB  - Post-tetanic undershoots in extracellular focal potential (deltaV) and K+
      potential (EK) can be recorded in the cuneate nucleus and dorsal horn of Dial
      anaesthetized or decerebrate cat. They are seen best at depths where the largest
      deltaEK and deltaV are recorded and they increase with the frequency and duration
      of stimulation. The very different time courses of undershoots of deltaV and
      deltaEK indicate two hyperpolarizing influences: first, electrogenic pumping, and
      later, a reduced external K+ concentration. The importance of active K+ removal
      in determining the amplitude and duration of deltaEK and deltaV is illustrated by
      their marked potentiation (as well as the disappearance of post-tetanic
      undershoots) induced by a lowering of blood pressure or local application of
      strophanthidin.

PMID- 1201499
TI  - Computation of aortic pulse wave velocity and aortic pulse wave velocity and
      aortic extensibility from pressure gradient measurements.
AB  - This study is concerned with the computation of aortic pulse wave velocity based
      on simultaneous recordings of the aortic pressure gradient and first-time
      derivative of aortic pressure. These variables were recorded by means of a double
      lumen catheter introduced in the aorta of four anesthetized closed chest dogs,
      and connected to critically damped manometer systems. Results of aortic pulse
      wave velocity were then compared: (i) to the true phase velocity obtained from
      spectra of apparent phase velocity, and (ii) to the pulse wave velocity computed
      from the time shift between maximum slopes of the pressure wave. From the aortic
      valves to 37 cm down the aortic trunk, pulse wave velocity increased from 410-460
      cm/s to approximately 600-800 cm/s. Based on the wave propagation equation
      presented of Bramwell and Hill (Bramwell, J.C., and Hill, A. V. 1922. Proc. R.
      Soc. 93, 298-306), volumetric extensibility coefficients were computed from pulse
      wave velocity data. Results indicated that, from the aortic valves to 37 cm down
      to the aorta, the mean volumetric extensibility decreased from 0.43-0.56%
      deltaV/cm H2O to 0.16-0.25% deltaV/cm H2O (1 cm H2O = 94.1 N/m2).

PMID- 1201500
TI  - Temperature-induced changes in metabolism and body weight of cattle (Bos taurus).
AB  - The metabolic and body weight changes in two non-pregnant beef cows were studied
      during prolonged exposure to warm (20 +/- 3 degrees C, relative humidity 50-70%)
      and cold (-10 +/- 2 or -25 +/- 4 degrees C) temperatures. Other factors including
      daily food intake were held constant throughout each 8-week exposure. During cold
      exposures, metabolic rate, blood hematocrit, and plasma concentrations of glucose
      and free fatty acid were elevated and respiratory frequencies and skin
      temperatures decreased. Resting metabolic rates measured at 20 degrees C, i.e.,
      without the direct influence of cold, were 83.4-95.3 litres 02 per hour when the
      cows were cold acclimated, at either -10 or -25 degrees C, and 30-40% greater
      than when the cows were warm acclimated. The resting metabolic response and the
      concomitant reduction in intensity of shivering is indicative of metabolic
      acclimation to cold in these animals of greater than 500 kg body weight. As well
      as the expected changes in body weight with changes in energy metabolism there
      were losses in weight (13-24 kg) during the first 3 days of each cold exposure.
      Weight gains occurred when the cold stress was abruptly removed. These short term
      weight changes were associated with changes in water intake and apparent shifts
      in body fluid content.

PMID- 1201501
TI  - The effect of lobar obstruction on regional perfusion in the intact dog.
AB  - The effect of acute obstruction of the right lower lobes (RLL) on the relative
      perfusion of different lung regions was studied using Xenon-133 in anesthetized
      artificially ventilated supine dogs. When the RLL were obstructed at functional
      residual capacity (FRC) and the rest of the lung was inflated to a transpulmonary
      pressure of 10 or 20 cm H2O (1 cm H2O = 94.1 N/m2), relative perfusion increased
      within 10 s to the obstructed lobes by 59 and 92%, respectively. The increase was
      less marked but still present (17 and 42%, respectively) when obstruction was
      maintained for 15 min, at a time when arterial hypoxemia had occurred. Hence,
      there was increased perfusion to an obstructed hypoxic region. The perfusion
      distribution correlated with the difference in alveolar pressure between the
      obstructed lobes and the unobstructed lobes such that relative perfusion was
      always increased to the low alveolar pressure region.

PMID- 1201502
TI  - Effect of succinylcholine on responses of neurons in the motor cortex to natural
      activation of muscle spindle primary endings.
AB  - In locally anesthetized cats, the effects of intravenous administration of
      succinylcholine (SCh) in sub-paralytic dosages on the responses of single neurons
      in motor cortex to small dynamic muscle stretches were studied. A large transient
      enhancement of these cortical responses with a time course corresponding to the
      peripheral action of SCh on muscle spindles was observed. This finding is
      discussed in terms of the hypothesis that muscle spindle primary endings may
      activate projections to motor cortex.

PMID- 1201503
TI  - Re-incorporation of carbon atoms into plasma glucose in newborn dogs.
AB  - The ratio of the total turnover rate of glucose calculated with [2-3H]glucose as
      the tracer and the irreversible disposal rate of glucose, calculated with [U
      14C]glucose as the tracer was found to be 1.35 +/- 0.28 SD (+/- 0.08 SEM) in dogs
      1-33 days of age. This value was unrelated to age and to the level of glucose in
      the plasma. Accordingly, under basal conditions the overall re-incorporation of
      carbon atoms into newly released glucose in pups is nearly identical with that
      found in grown dogs.

PMID- 1201504
TI  - The effect of metoclopramide on inhibition induced by purine nucleotides,
      noradrenaline, and theophylline ethylenediamine on intestinal muscle and on
      peristalsis in vitro.
AB  - Metoclopramide (N-(diethylaminoethyl)-2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chlorobenzamide) (Mcp)
      at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 muM partially and significantly reduced the
      relaxations induced by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate
      (ADP), and adenosine, was without effect on theophylline ethylenediamine whilst
      significantly potentiating noradrenaline on the atropine-pretreated (0.1 muM)
      taenia coli, rabbit ileum, and rat duodenum. Mcp (1.0 muM) decreased the
      inhibitory effects of ATP, ADP, and adenosine on peristalsis induced in the
      isolated guinea-pig ileum by a constant increase in intraluminal pressure, did
      not affect inhibition due to theophylline ethylenediamine, whilst it potentiated
      inhibition of peristalsis due to noradrenaline. It is proposed that this effect
      of Mcp may be a specific antagonistic action on receptors sensitive to the
      putative purinergic transmitter, ATP and ADP, and may be partly responsible for
      its observed facilitatatory action on peristalsis.

PMID- 1201505
TI  - Isolation and characterization of Actinopolyspora halophila, gen. et sp. nov., an
      extremely halophilic actinomycete.
AB  - An actinomycete, isolated as a contaminant of a culture medium containing 25%
      NaCl, has been classified as Actinopolyspora halophila gen. et sp. nov. in the
      family Nocardiaceae. The morphology and biochemical characteristics of this
      organism distinguish it from other members of the family Nocardiaceae and other
      genera possessing a type IV cell wall. It requires high NaCl concentrations for
      growth and can grow in saturated NaCl. The lowest concentration permitting growth
      in liquid medium is 12%, and on solid medium, 10%. Colonies developing at lower
      salt concentrations contain holes resembling viral plaques. No growth occurred in
      a medium containing 30% KCl instead of NaCl. This organism can grow in simple
      media with NH4+ salts as nitrogen source and different sugars and other compounds
      as carbon source. Though it has a salt requirement almost as great as the
      extremely halophilic rods and cocci, it differs from these in containing
      diaminopimelic acid and in sensitivity to lysozyme; both properties suggest that
      it has a mucopeptide cell wall. It also contains some phospholipids common to
      other actinomycetes, but does not contain any phytanyl ether linked lipids
      characteristic of other extremely halophilic bacteria.

PMID- 1201506
TI  - Fractionation of sulfur isotopes by continuous cultures of Desulfovibrio
      desulfuricans.
AB  - Sulfur isotope effects observed in lactate-limited continuous cultures of
      Desulfovibrio desulfuricans were, in general, similar to those reported for
      sulfate reduction by washed cells and batch cultures. There was a trend towards
      higher fractionation at low growth rates.

PMID- 1201507
TI  - The relationship of acid-soluble glycogen to yeast flocculation.
AB  - A relationship between yeast flocculation and intracellular acid-soluble glycogen
      has been established which has been substantiated using flocculation mutants
      (mutants with altered capacities to flocculate) as well as a normal strain of
      Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. Sound evidence exists to implicate physiological
      differences in carbohydrate metabolism (glycogen storage) to this physical
      property of brewing significance.

PMID- 1201508
TI  - Glycogen--a physiological determinant of yeast flocculation?
AB  - Evidence is provided to extend earlier observations that glycogen and flocculence
      levels vary concurrently in brewing yeast. The use of glycogen mutants, the
      alterations of growth conditions specifically to inhibit glycogen storage, and
      observations on glycogen decreases during endogenous metabolism have verified the
      above. A mechanism by which glycogen might exert its effect on flocculation is
      suggested.

PMID- 1201509
TI  - Effect on microorganisms of volatile compounds released from germinating seeds.
AB  - Volatile compounds evolved from germinating seeds of slash pine, bean, cabbage,
      corn, cucumber, and pea were evaluated for their ability to support growth of
      microorganisms in liquid mineral salts media lacking a carbon source. Growth of
      eight bacteria was measured turbidimetrically and of six fungi as dry weight of
      mycelium. Volatiles caused increased growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus
      cereus, Erwinia carotovora, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, A. radiobacter, Rhizobium
      japonicum, Mucor mucedo, Fusarium oxysporum f. conglutinans, Trichoderma viride,
      and Penicillium vermiculatum but not of Sarcina lutea, Serratia marcescens,
      Chaetomium globosum, or Schizophyllum commune. Spores of Trichoderma viride
      showed higher germination in the presence of volatiles. Effects on growth were
      apparent only during the first 3 or 4 days after planting the seeds. Killed or
      dried seeds had no effect. The volatiles did not support microbial growth in the
      absence of nitrogen nor did they supply growth factors. Passing volatiles through
      KMnO4 or hydrazone reduced growth of the bacteria, indicating that oxidizable
      organic compounds, primarily aldehydes, were the active components. The volatiles
      were not absorbed by sterile soil, clay minerals, or water, but they were
      absorbed by non-steril soil and activated charcoal.

PMID- 1201510
TI  - Exopolysaccharide depolymerases induced by Rhizobium bacteriophages.
AB  - Enzymes induced by two Rhizobium trifolii bacteriophages caused depolymerization
      of exopolysaccharides from most R. trifolii and R. leguminosarum strains tested,
      but did not, in general, attack the exopolysaccharides of R. meliloti, the slow
      growing rhizobia, or Agrobacterium. Ca2+ and (or) Mg2+ were required for enzyme
      activity. In all strains tested, depolymerization of exopolysaccharide occurred
      when there was successful phage infection, but depolymerization also occurred
      with exopolysaccharides from nonsusceptible strains.

PMID- 1201511
TI  - Mutualistic degradation of the lignin model compound veratrylglycerol-beta-(o
      methoxyphenyl) ether by bacteria.
AB  - Complete degradation of the lignin model compound veratrylglycerol-beta-(o
      methoxyphenyl) ether is accomplished mutualistically by a two-membered bacterial
      culture. Bacterial isolate E1, which has been tentatively identified as an
      Acinetobacter, grows on veratrylglycerol-beta-(o-methoxyphenyl) ether producing
      guaiacol (o-methoxyphenol) as a non-metabolizable, bacteriocidal by-product. When
      Nocardia corallina (strain A81) is also present in media containing
      veratrylglycerol-beta-(o-methoxyphenyl) ether as the only carbon/energy source,
      it is able to grow on the guaiacol produced from veratrylglycerol-beta-(o
      methoxyphenyl) ether by isolate E1. Strain A81 alone does not grow on
      veratrylglycerol-beta-(o-methoxyphenyl) ether. In the absence of strain A81,
      isolate E1 is rapidly killed by accumulated guaiacol. In the presence of the
      Nocardia, isolate E1 maintains its viability.

PMID- 1201512
TI  - Characterization of a reserve glucan from Megasphaera elsdenii.
AB  - A reserve glucan of Megasphaera elsdenii was studied by methylation analysis
      before and after treatment with isoamylase. The results of this study indicate
      that the glucan is of the amylopectin-glycogen type.

PMID- 1201513
TI  - The fine structure of conidial development in the genus Torula. I. T. herbarum
      (Pers.) Link ex S. F. Gray and T. herbarum f. quaternella Sacc.
AB  - Conidiogenesis in Torula herbarum and T. herbarum f. quaternella was observed by
      scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Conidia of the former were shown
      to be made up of three equally sized cells capped by a distinctive, and easily
      recognizable, conidiogenous cell. Conidiogenous cells also arose terminally on
      erect hyphae and on prostrate hyphae. The single-layered conidial cell walls were
      differentiated into an inner hyaline zone and an outer electron-dense zone formed
      by the deposition of melanin. Conidiogenous cells lacked melanin at the apex and,
      before conidiation, the lateral walls were strengthened by a further deposition
      of melanin. The apex bulged outwards and was modified into a new multicelled
      conidium bearing another apical conidiogenous cell. Continued development of new
      conidia resulted in an acropetal chain which became disarticulated after
      cytolysis within the conidiogenous cell. The relative distinctions between
      holoblastic and enteroblastic development are discussed and it is concluded that
      the conidia should be referred to as blastoconidia.

PMID- 1201514
TI  - Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to killing by
      oxacillin.
AB  - Sixty clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus have been screened for their
      relative susceptibility to the killing action of oxacillin. Only one of these
      strains was found to be exceptionally resistant to the bactericidal effect of
      this and other beta-lactam antibiotics. This ability to survive oxacillin
      inhibition of cell wall synthesis has been called "tolerance". The
      characteristics of the tolerant organism, which has been designated the Evans
      strain, in comparison with other isolates of S. aureus indicate that this form of
      resistance is not apparent from the minimal inhibitory concentration, is not
      related to an abnormal growth rate, and can be enhanced by treatment with N
      methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

PMID- 1201515
TI  - Fine structure of the cell envelope layers of Flexibacter polymorphus.
AB  - Electron microscopy of the filamentous gliding marine bacterium Flexibacter
      polymorphus demonstrated that the cell envelope consists of an electron-dense
      intermediate layer located between two unit-type membranes: an outer membrane,
      presumably of lipopolysaccharide, and an inner cytoplasmic membrane. Separation
      of living filaments into single cells by lysozyme suggests that a peptidoglycan
      moiety, possibly corresponding to the intermediate layer, might be situated
      between the two membranes. Cell division proceeds by invagination of the
      cytoplasmic membrane and intermediate layer forming a transverse septum. Cells
      generally fail to separate after the division process, so that a common outer
      membrane encloses all of the cells in a single filament. There is a continuous
      layer of macromolecular cup-shaped elements ('goblets') attached to the outermost
      surface of the lipopolysaccharide membrane. Tangential thin sections, as well as
      negatively stained preparations of envelope fragments (produced by sonication of
      autolyzed cells), showed that the goblets are arranged in a close-packed
      hexagonal array. The presence of electron-dense structures located between the
      outer and inner membranes, and exhibiting the same periodicity as the goblets,
      suggests that some part of the goblets penetrates the outer membrane and extends
      across the periplasmic space to the dense intermediate layer or cytoplasmic
      membrane. Spontaneous autolysis in aging cultures is accompanied by the formation
      and release into the culture medium of large numbers of outer membrane vesicles
      coated with globlets. A tentative reconstruction of the envelope of F.
      polymorphus, based on the fine-structural data, is presented.

PMID- 1201516
TI  - Humoral antibody response to cattle to formalinized Staphylococcus aureus
      vaccine.
AB  - Five cows were inoculated intradermally with formalinized Staphylococcus aureus
      suspension in Freund's complete adjunvant and the development of the humoral
      antibody response was followed as judged by the agglutination titer of sera, at
      various intervals post inoculation. Highest titers were observed at 78-87 days
      post inoculation. Agglutinating activity was found in IgM and IgG fractions (IgG1
      and IgG2) of both serum and colostrum. The agglutinating activity of colostrum
      was significantly higher at 12 than at 24 and 36 h, post partum. However, no such
      activity was detected in either normal cow serum or colostrum against S. aureus.

PMID- 1201517
TI  - Microbial petroleum degradation: application of computerized mass spectrometry.
AB  - An analytical procedure is presented for obtaining detailed characterization of
      petroleum hydrocarbons which undergo microbial degradation. The procedure
      includes column chromatographic separation and characterization of the resulting
      fractions by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The use of computerized
      low-resolution mass spectrometry is offered as a method for assessing microbial
      degradation of petroleum. This method provides information which cannot, at the
      present time, be obtained by other available analytical methods. Use of this
      method to evaluate degradation of a South Louisiana crude oil by a mixed culture
      of estuarine bacteria revealed that asphaltenes and resins increased by 28% after
      degradation, while saturates and aromatics decreased by 83.4% and 70.5%,
      respectively. Most of the normal and branched-chain alkanes were degraded
      (96.4%), but an increase in long-chain alkanes (C28-C32) after degradation was
      observed by gas-liquid chromatography. Susceptibility of cycloalkanes to
      degradation was less as the structure varied, i.e., 6-ring greater than 1-ring
      greater than 2-ring greater than 3-ring greater than 5-ring greater than 4-ring.
      Susceptibility of aromatic components to degradation decreased with increase in
      the number of rings, viz., monoaromatics greater than diaromatics greater than
      triaromatics greater than tetraaromatics greater than pentaaromatics. Aromatic
      nuclei containing sulfur were twice as refractory as non-sulfur analogs.

PMID- 1201518
TI  - Gas metabolism in ovine rumen cultures on a nitrogen-deficient medium.
AB  - Inocula of rumen fluid from sheep were grown on a medium of low nitrogen content
      under an oxygen-free atmosphere containing N2. The cultures produced methane and
      carbon dioxide. Hydrogen gas was utilized and the partial pressure of N2
      decreased by 24% in 48 h. Assuming this N2 to have been reduced to metabolically
      available nitrogenous compounds, these account for about 0.2% of the sheep's
      daily need.

PMID- 1201519
TI  - Effect of glutamic acid on the fatty acid and lipid composition of Choanephora
      cucurbitarum.
AB  - The fatty acid composition of the total, neutral, sterol, free fatty acid, and
      polar-lipid fractions in the mycelium of Choanephora curcurbitarum was
      determined. The major fatty acids in all lipid fractions were palmitic, oleic,
      linoleic, and gamma-linolenic acid. Different lipid fractions did not show any
      particular preference for any individual fatty acid; however, the degree of
      unsaturation was different in different lipid fractions. Free fatty acid and
      polar lipid fractions contained a higher proportion of gamma-linolenic acid than
      did triglyceride and sterol fractions. Addition of glutamic acid to the malt
      yeast extract and medium resulted in the biosynthesis of a number of long-chain
      fatty acids beyond the gamma-linolenic acid. These fatty acids, e.g., C22:1,
      C24:0, and C26:0, were never observed to be present in the fungus when grown on a
      malt-yeast extract medium without glutamic acid. Furthermore, thin-layer
      chromatographic analysis showed a larger and denser spot of diphosphatidyl
      glycerol from the mycelium grown on glutamic acid medium than from the control
      mycelium. The possible significance of this finding is discussed.

PMID- 1201520
TI  - Cultural, morphological, and physiological characteristics of Thermomonospora
      fusca (strain 190Th).
AB  - The cultural, morphological, and physiological properties of Thermomonospora
      fusca (strain 190Th) are described. Its physiological properties show that this
      species is primarily a carbohydrate-degrading actinomycete which can use a wide
      range of plant sugars and polymeric carbohydrates as sources of carbon and
      energy. The culture does not use proteins or amino acids for carbon and energy,
      or as a nitrogen source. A few organic acids are utilized. Ammonia is the
      preferred nitrogen source. The culture has trace nutrient requirements which
      include biotin and an undetermined number of amino acids. These and other
      physiological characteristics are discussed in relation to the roles that T.
      fusca carries out as a saprophytic bacterium in nature. Its cultural and
      morphological properties are discussed in relation to the taxonomic status of
      this species in the literature.

PMID- 1201521
TI  - The influence of acridine dyes and caffeine on recovery from ultraviolet damage
      in Eudorina elegans.
AB  - Caffeine and the acridine dyes, acridine orange and acriflavine, were used to
      examine the repair potential in Eudorina elegans following ultraviolet
      irradiation. Acridines blocked photoreactivation primarily as a result of
      absorption of photoreactivating wavelengths, but acridines did not influence dark
      survival. Therefore, an acridine-sensitive excision-resynthesis-repair process is
      absent in Eudorina. Caffeine decreased both dark and light survival, the latter
      only after relatively high doses of ultraviolet light were used for inactivation.
      The caffeine-sensitive repair process appears to function most actively when the
      organisms are engaged in DNA synthesis, indicating that a postreplication-repair
      system exists in Eudorina. However, the data suggest that a repair system not
      associated with the DNA synthetic phases may also exist.

PMID- 1201522
TI  - A chemically defined medium for Aquaspirillum aquaticum ATCC 11330.

PMID- 1201523
TI  - Infrared color photomicrography of soil microorganisms.
AB  - The infrared color photomicrography technique for detecting unstained microbial
      cells in soil is revised for use with Kodak's recently introduced Ektachrome
      infrared film. Thes new version of the film required achromatic objectives
      instead of apochromats, and the use of a blue filter in addition to the
      previously required red filter. These filters also improve the visual focus
      capability of the operator. It was found that dry soil smears can be photographed
      as either immersion oil or aqueous mounts. Several makes of bright-field
      transmitted-light microscopes gave similar results. Phase microscopy, however,
      produced deteriorated image quality although the proper 'false' colors were
      produced.

PMID- 1201524
TI  - Congenital displacement of temporal cortex into the central spinal canal.
AB  - This is a report of the first recorded observation of displacement of temporal
      cortex into the central spinal canal in an infant with Arnold Chiari
      malformation, platybasia, aqueductal atresia, hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele.
      The combination of an absent right cerebellar hemisphere and malformed fourth
      ventricular roof provided the anatomical background for this unique event.

PMID- 1201525
TI  - Patterns of memory performance in the neurologically impaired aged.
AB  - The specific behavioral manifestation associated with the different disorders
      producing the syndrome of dementia have remained poorly investigated. We examined
      the memory performance of three distinct groups of patients with dementia
      secondary to Alzheimer's disease (AD) multiple-infarctions (MID) and
      vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) on the ten subtests of the Wechsler Memory
      Scale (WMS). Statistical methods of analysis were used to maximize the
      differences between the groups. Univariate statistical procedures revealed that
      the AD group performed significantly and consistently lower than the two
      cerebrovascular groups. There were no significant differences between the two
      cerebrovascular disease groups, even though the MID group tended to perform
      consistently more poorly than the VBI group. For heuristic and conceptual
      purposes as well as to determine which combination of the ten WMS variables
      produced the "best" statistical model differentiating the groups the data was
      analyzed by multivariate techniques. A discriminate function analysis obtained a
      100% valid positive hit rate in discriminating among the three groups. One
      hundred percent diagnostic accuracy was also obtained in discriminating between
      MID and AD as well as AD and VBI. The two cerebrovascular groups tended to
      overlap in their probability distributions with an 81% hit rate. Different
      predicitive statistical models were identified to differentiate the various
      diagnostic groups. It was possible to discriminate the three diagnostic groups by
      different patterns of memory performance.

PMID- 1201527
TI  - Technical report: method of fixation of subluxed or dislocated cervical spine
      below C1-C2.
AB  - A method of internal fixation of adjacent vertebrae that have been dislocated or
      subluxed has been presented. In the author's hands and in the hands of associates
      this has proven to be a satisfactory method of fixation in this type of injury.
      It has the advantage over many other posterior techniques that only two verbebrae
      are fixed together.

PMID- 1201526
TI  - A model for the future care of acute spinal cord injuries.
AB  - This is a review of the total care of those acute spinal cord injury patients in
      Ontario during the years 1969 and 1970, from extrication and transportation
      following the accident to death, or the completion of primary definitive
      rehabilitation. Information was extracted from the available ambulance records,
      the patients and many of the responsible physicians were interviewed personally.
      The study was detailed and intensive and included a review of each patient's
      hospital records in each hospital up to discharge from the rehabilitation
      programme into the community, or to a chronic care unit. The data was compiled in
      accordance with a detailed and lengthy questionnaire developed for this study.
      The incidence of acute cord injuries in Ontario in 1969 and 1970 amounted to 244;
      in 1969, 15.9 per million population and in 1970, 13.6 per million. As in other
      studies road accidents took first place, followed by falls from a height; sports
      injuries ranked third and 65.7% of these were caused by diving into shallow
      water. Age incidence, and incidence by month, day of week and time of day were
      identified. Fridays and Saturday afternoons in July and August are particularly
      hazardous. The study continued to the end of 1974 by which time 34 deaths had
      been recorded. Peak incidence of death occurred within fourteen days of injury.
      The most common cause of death was respiratory in origin. Geographical
      distribution was identified and the type of hospital treating the acutely injured
      patient. Fourteen percent of persons with spinal column injury suffered
      progressive or sequential spinal cord damage both prior to and following medical
      contact. The incidence of pressure sores and genitourinary sepsis and calculosis
      was high in all types of hospitals. The effect of operative treatment was noted
      in cases of complete quadriplegia and paraplegia. Of the 133 survivors who
      undertook a rehabilitation program, 84% returned to their homes and 59% achieved
      gainful employemnt or ongoing education. The cost was determined of general
      hospital services and rehabilitation programmes. A new model for the care of the
      spinal cord injury patients in Ontario was proposed.

PMID- 1201528
TI  - Secondary epileptogenesis in frog forebrain: effect of inhibition of protein
      synthesis.
AB  - Secondary epileptogenesis was induced in the hippocampal cortex of the paralyzed
      bullfrog by means of localized, unilateral, intermittent electrical stimulation
      (kindling). Stimuli were designed to yield a brief but definite after-discharge.
      In control animals a progressive increase in after-discharge duration occurred at
      the 1 degree (stimulated) site and then at the 2 degrees site (contralateral
      hippocampus). Spontaneous epileptiform potentials (SEP's) occurred between
      stimuli, eventually independently on both sides. Cycloheximide (50 mg/kg) caused
      88-99% reduction in protein synthesis, measured by 14C-leucine incorporation into
      brain protein. Cycloheximide-treated animals revealed no evidence of progressive
      prolongation of after-discharge duration when subjected to the kindling procedure
      (p = 0.1205 X 10(-7)). SEP's were reduced in the cycloheximide-treated animals,
      and confined to 1 degree hemisphere (p = 0.6 X 10(-10)). Since cycloheximide did
      not disturb normal electrogenesis or disrupt the after-discharges, this
      experiment distinguishes processes dependent upon electrical events from those
      requiring macromolecular synthesis. Protein synthesis seems critical to the
      emergence of spontaneous and autonomous epileptiform behavior of neural
      aggregates.

PMID- 1201529
TI  - Primary and "transfer" seizure development in the kindled rat.
AB  - An investigation was made of both primary and "transfer" kindling as they occur
      in ipsilateral limbic sites. Primary kindling was found to involve progressive
      growth of afterdischarge (AD), propagation and convulsive behavior. It was noted
      that AD growth did not take place gradually but occurred in sudden, large
      increments. "Transfer" (a significant acceleration of secondary kindling) was
      found at every secondary limbic site. It was associated with the early appearance
      of full-blown AD's, super-normal propagation, and well-developed seizures. The
      post-transfer interference of primary site function previously reported by
      Goddard et al was also found, but it occurred in significant amounts only after
      transfer kindling of the amygdala. It is believed that the data offer some
      support for both of the hypothetical mechanisms of transfer which have been
      proposed.

PMID- 1201530
TI  - Split-brain rat: transfer and interference of kindled amygdala convulsions.
AB  - Rats were subjected to varying degrees of commissurotomy, followed by
      implantation of a bipolar electrode into each amygdala. After the kindling of six
      convulsions at one electrode (primary site), the procedure was applied to the
      contralateral amygdala (secondary site). Convulsions were observed to develop
      more rapidly, independent of the degree or kind of transection. After 6 secondary
      site convulsions, the primary site was re-tested and convulsion-triggering was
      blocked, except in animals with transection of the rostral portion of the corpus
      callosum (CC). Collectively, the data indicate: (i) amygdala kindling develops a
      lasting trace which operates through the midbrain or brainstem; (ii) kindling
      from a second site utilizes this trace; (iii) a series of 6 convulsions produces
      negative after-effect which manifests itself at the convulsion level via the
      anterior CC; (iv) the anterior CC is important in determining the laterality of
      the forelimb clonus; and (v) the inter-amygdala propagation of after-discharge is
      blocked by the combined sectioning of the anterior CC and the anterior
      commissure.

PMID- 1201531
TI  - Kindling: secondary epileptogenesis, sleep and catecholamines.
AB  - Seizure development and transference phenomenon were investigated in hippocampal
      and amygdaloid kindled cats. The behavioral and electrographic findings during
      the kindling procedures showed that motor seizure development in hippocampal
      seizures occurred with the emergence of independent discharging in the amygdala,
      globus pallidus and contralateral hippocampus. Furthermore, secondary site
      convulsions developed upon the first stimulation of these structures in the
      hippocampal group but only after over a month of hippocampal stimulation in the
      amygdaloid group. It was, therefore, concluded that role of the amygdala and
      globus pallidus in hippocampal seizure development was more essential than that
      of hippocampal stimulation in amygdaloid seiqure development. The common findings
      between the hippocampal and amygdaloid kindled animals were the systematic
      progression to seizures, the all-or-nothing nature of the electrical response and
      the relative permanency of the seizure susceptibility. Seizure susceptibility
      increased during slow wave sleep and decreased during REM sleep. These latter
      findings were examined with preliminary data of brain bioassays of
      catecholamines.

PMID- 1201532
TI  - Sleep, subcortical stimulation and kindling in the cat.
AB  - A longitudinal study of the effects of sleep on amygdaloid kindling showed that
      kindling disrupted normal sleep patterns by reducing REM sleep and increasing
      awake time. Few interictal spike discharges were observed during the awake stage,
      while a marked increase in discharge was observed during the light and deep sleep
      stages. No discharges were observed during REM sleep. During the immediate post
      stimulation period the nonstimulated amygdala showed a much higher rate of spike
      discharge. On the other hand, there was an increase in spike discharge in the
      stimulated amygdala during natural sleep without preceding amygdaloid
      stimulation. Amygdaloid stimulation at the generalized seizure threshold during
      each sleep stage resulted in a generalized convulsion. The influence of
      subcortical electrical stimulation on kindled amygdaloid convulsions was
      investigated in a second experiment. Stimulation of the centre median and the
      caudate nucleus was without effect on kindled convulsions, while stimulation of
      the mesencephalic reticular formation at high frequency (300 Hz) reduced the
      latency of onset of kindled generalized convulsions. Stimulation of the nucleus
      ventralis lateralis of the thalamus at low frequency (10 Hz) prolonged the
      convulsion latency, and at high current levels blocked the induced convulsion.
      Stimulation in the central gray matter at low frequency (10 Hz) also blocked
      kindled amygdaloid convulsions.

PMID- 1201533
TI  - Generality of the kindling phenomenon: some clinical implications.
AB  - The purpose of the present investigations was to explore the generality of the
      kindling phenomenon and its applicability to clinical situations. Whether local
      brain stimulation, electroconvulsive shock (ECS), or metrazol the consequence of
      periodic administration of convulsive agents was found to be the same; in each
      case repeated application of the agent resulted in the gradual development and
      intensification of convulsive symptoms (kindling). Moreover, in each case the
      resulting intensification was not specific to the agent being used and seemed to
      increase the responsiveness to convulsive agents in general. In the present
      studies this interaction was seen in the form of an intensified alcohol
      withdrawal syndrome observed 18 days after cessation of a series of metrazol
      injections, amygdaloid stimulations, of ECS. Thus, it appears that one of the
      hazards of the convulsive therapies is that they may induce enduring changes in
      brain function which leave the patient in a state of increased susceptibility to
      a variety of potentially convulsive agents.

PMID- 1201534
TI  - Recurrent spontaneous seizure state induced by prefrontal kindling in senegalese
      baboons, Papio papio.
AB  - In our earlier study of amygdaloid kindling in Papio papio (Pp), the development
      of partial complex seizure and of focal motor seizure was correlated with
      bifrontal theta discharge and increasing Rolandic spike discharge respectively
      and the final stage was characterized by primary generalized convulsive seizure.
      Since the latter seizure pattern is known to originate from the frontal focus in
      man, the frontal cortex became suspect in the development of the final stage
      seizure pattern. Daily prefrontal stimulation showed that Pp can be kindled from
      this site, culminating in a recurrent spontaneous seizure state identical to that
      induced by amygdaloid kindling in this species. However, our observation did not
      support our original assumption regarding the genesis of primary generalized
      convulsive seizure. Prefrontal and amygdaloid kindling are significantly
      different with respect to morphology, distribution and propagation of after
      discharge and interictal spike discharge, and speed and pattern of clinical
      seizure development. Most intriguingly, inter-ictal behavioral aberration
      associated with depth EEG changes was observed only in the prefrontal animals and
      not in the amygdaloid animals.

PMID- 1201535
TI  - Editorial: Granulocyte transfusions.

PMID- 1201536
TI  - Letter: Introduction of "new" drugs.

PMID- 1201537
TI  - Letter: Congenital absence of vas deferens.

PMID- 1201538
TI  - Letter: Chiropractic.

PMID- 1201539
TI  - Letter: Modification of Cramer wire ladder splint.

PMID- 1201540
TI  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in two cities of contrasting air quality.
AB  - Spirometric tests of 3280 Ottawa residents in 1969-71 and 2208 Sudbury residents
      in 1972-73 showed that the mean ratio of forced vital capacity to forced
      expiratory volume in 1 second was lower in Sudbury, where sulfur dioxide
      concentrations in the air tend to be appreciably higher than in Ottawa. This
      difference was significant for both males and females considered separately, and
      held true when age and smoking habits were taken into account. The prevalence of
      symptomatic chronic bronchitis was significantly higher in Sudbury males than in
      Ottawa males, but no such difference could be detected in females.

PMID- 1201541
TI  - Photosensitivity: results of investigation in 250 patients.
AB  - Between January 1972 and December 1974, 250 patients were referred for
      investigation of possible photosensitivity to a university-associated clinical
      research unit for photobiology. In addition to an appropriate history and
      clinical examination, phototesting was carried out with a solar simulator,
      monochromatic light and fluorescent light directed to patch-tested areas of skin.
      Photosensitivity was not demonstrated in 110 patients (44%). Among the laboratory
      confirmed photosensitivities, diagnoses included polymorphous light eruption
      (4.4%), erythropoietic protoporphyria (3.6%), porphyria cutanea tarda (2%),
      photoallergic contact dermatitis (5.6%), persistent light reaction (4%), 
      systemic drug phototoxicity (1.2%), phototoxic contact dermatitis (2%), solar
      urticaria (0.8%) and photoaggravated dermatoses (7.6%). It is important to
      establish a precise etiologic diagnosis in patients with photosensitivity in
      order to treat the disorder specifically or effectively or both.

PMID- 1201542
TI  - The child and the snowmobile.
AB  - From November 1970 through March 1975, 41 children in Manitoba required
      hospitalization for treatment of injuries sustained in snowmobile accidents. The
      commonest injuries were fractures of a leg. In general, the injuries were severe,
      and in many instances the fractures were unusualy and uncommonly seen in
      children. Most often the child had been driving the snowmobile and all injuries
      were a result of driver error or misadventure; none was due to malfunction of the
      snowmobile. Recommendations to minimize the number and severity of snowmobiling
      injuries in children include an education program for both adults and their
      children, use of lightweight cowling to protect the legs, incorporation of a
      governor on the throttle to prevent excessive speeds, and use of a restraint for
      children travelling as passengers on the snowmobile. Children should always wear
      tight clothing when around snowmobiles.

PMID- 1201543
TI  - Models of learning disability: their relevance to remediation.
AB  - A scheme of classification is suggested for physicians faced with clinicians'
      numerous and varied prescriptions for remedial management of children with
      learning disabilities. Three explanatory models of the causes of learning
      disability -- the difference, deficit and delay models -- and two strategies of
      management -- the process-oriented and goal-oriented -- are delineated. Remedial
      methods are classified according to their implicit explanatory model and the
      clinician's adherence to the process-oriented or goal-oriented approach. A
      pragmatic conservative, goal-oriented strategy is advocated, in which
      individualized instruction is tailored to the child's current abilities and
      learning requirements.

PMID- 1201544
TI  - Carpal tunnel syndrome: a complication of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis
      patients.
AB  - Symptoms of compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel developed in two
      patients in whom an arteriovenous fistula was created to alleviate chronic renal
      failure through hemodialysis. Anatomic changes in the wrist area due to the
      fistula are probably important in the development of this syndrome, and pre
      existing uremic peripheral polyneuropathy may also be important in the early
      development of local symptoms of nerve damage.

PMID- 1201545
TI  - Projections for health care for 1976 and beyond.

PMID- 1201546
TI  - Reactivation of the inactive physician: a participant's view.

PMID- 1201547
TI  - Reactivation of the inactive physician. Hindsight: a postcourse critique.

PMID- 1201548
TI  - Community health symposium. Part I: a new togetherness and Indian care.

PMID- 1201549
TI  - Information systems. Part IV: protection of health care confidentiality.

PMID- 1201550
TI  - Talking to people is a doctor game that doctors don't play.

PMID- 1201551
TI  - The status of the coronary arteries in fatal ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 1201552
TI  - Radioisotope studies in coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1201553
TI  - Myocardial metabolic studies in patients with impending and evolving myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1201554
TI  - Coronary arteriography in patients with impending and evolving myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - To determine whether characteristic pathologic alterations in coronary arteries
      are associated with impending and complicated evolving myocardial infarction, the
      angiographic and hemodynamic findings in 47 acute coronary patients were compared
      to those of 49 patients with chronic stable angina. Subtle differences in
      angiographic and hemodynamic alterations were found in these two groups of
      patients. These differences were more pronounced in patients with evolving
      myocardial infarction with less than--15 per cent lactate extraction. The risk of
      coronary arteriography was surprisingly low. Myocardial metabolic function
      studies demonstrating less than--15 per cent lactate extraction were considered
      an indication for emergency coronary arteriography in preparation for
      contemplated coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1201555
TI  - Ventricular patterns in acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - Ventricular dysfunction attendant with acute myocardial infarction results in
      considerable morbidity and mortality. Acute changes in morphology and physiology
      underly ventricular dysfunction. The ventricular morphologic changes of AMI
      differ from those of chronic coronary heart disease only in their temporal
      characteristics. The pathophysiologic changes are the result of the interaction
      of several variables. These include infarct size, compliance of both the
      infarcted and normal myocardium, contractility, heart size, filling pressure, and
      afterload. Through an understanding of the role played by each of these
      variables, a better comprehension of events following AMI may be obtained and a
      more rational basis utilized for selection of therapy.

PMID- 1201556
TI  - Tachyarrhythmias associated with acute myocardial infarction: diagnosis,
      frequency, and significance.
AB  - Every known type of tachyarrhythmia may be associated with acute myocardial
      infarction, and it is extremely important to recognize clinically significant
      tachyarrhythmias versus relatively benign tachyarrhythmias. The individual
      tachyarrhythmias have been discussed in detail with pertinent illustrative
      examples included.

PMID- 1201557
TI  - Protocol for the management of arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1201558
TI  - The significance and treatment of bradycardias associated with acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1201559
TI  - Heart failure in acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - In recent years, our understnading of heart failure complicating acute myocardial
      infarction has expanded considerably. Although it is not always possible to
      control cardiac decompensation in this situation, rational therapy has evolved
      with the improved recognition of the hemodynamic alterations in heart failure and
      the factors contributing to ventricular performance. Furthermore, a more secure
      physiologic basis now exists for the early identification of such patients and
      the development of additional therapeutic techniques.

PMID- 1201560
TI  - Physiologic mechanisms in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1201561
TI  - Cardiogenic shock: recognition and management.

PMID- 1201563
TI  - Intra-aortic ballon counterpulsation: current applications.

PMID- 1201562
TI  - Vasodilator drug therapy in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1201564
TI  - Active cardiac rehabilitation of the patient with acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1201565
TI  - ECG recognition of true vs pseudo myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1201566
TI  - The effects of prolonged beta-adrenoceptor blockade on heart weight and cardiac
      intracellular potentials in rabbits.
AB  - Estimates were made in vivo in rabbits of the relative beta-receptor blocking
      potency and duration of action of propranolol and practolol. In further
      experiments groups of litter mates were injected twice daily with approximately
      equi-active amounts of propranolol or practolol, or with saline, for several
      weeks. The heart weights of the treated animals were significantly lower than
      those of the controls, the water contents were higher, and the dry weight
      differences were highly significant; -16.8% after 2 mg/kg bd propranolol for six
      weeks and -33.8% after 10 mg/kg practolol. (The treated animals grew less rapidly
      than the controls; when corrected for body weight these figures were -11.9% and 
      20.4%, respectively.) In the practolol group, but not the propranolol group, the
      duration of the atrial intracellular potentials was prolonged. There was no
      evidence that the prolonged treatment with either drug had a negative inotropic
      effect, or reduced positive inotropic responses to isoprenaline.

PMID- 1201567
TI  - Electrophysiological significance of rapid atrial pacing as a test of
      atrioventricular conduction.
AB  - Although rapid atrial pacing is frequently used as a test of atrioventricular
      conduction, no studies have compared this method with other conduction
      parameters. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of rapid atrial
      pacing with refractory period measurements utilizing the extrastimulus technique.
      Determination of the refractory periods of the atrium, A-V node, and His-Purkinje
      system were accomplished in 41 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac
      catheterization, and the results compared with rapid atrial pacing to the point
      at which A-V Wenckebach occurred (WP). The results showed significant correlation
      (P less than 0.01) between the WP and functional refractory period (FRP) of the A
      V node (r=0.89, FRP=865-2.6 WP), and significant correlation between the WP and
      the effective refractory period (ERP) of the total A-V conducting system(r=0.81,
      ERP=729-2.6 WP). The relationship between WP and the refractory periods also
      allowed prediction of the occurrence of physiological His-Purkinje block during
      introduction of premature atrial contractions and the site of the effective
      refractory period of the total A-V conducting system. This study establishes a
      close relationship between these methods and confirms the usefulness of rapid
      atrial pacing as a reliable test of A-V conduction in man.

PMID- 1201568
TI  - Effect of transmembrane potential on the manifestations of ouabain toxicity in
      sheep cardiac Purkinje fibres.
AB  - The effect of membrane potential on the manifestations of ouabain-induced
      alterations in the electrical activity of shortened sheep cardiac Purkinje fibres
      was studied by a microelectrode technique. The level of membrane potential was
      modulated by passing intracellular polarizing current. It was found that the
      toxic electrical effects induced by exposure to ouabain vary according to the
      level of membrane potential.

PMID- 1201569
TI  - Ventricular fibrillation threshold and vulnerable period in the isolated perfused
      rat heart.
AB  - Ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) measurements were obtained in the
      isolated perfused rat heart. Detailed morphology of the vulnerable period (VP)
      could be described by stimulating repeatedly at increasing levels of stimulus
      energy. Addition of lignocaine to the system caused an elevation of VGT, but also
      led to a delay of the VP to the end of the QT interval. The implications of these
      findings for the understanding of VFT measurements are discussed.

PMID- 1201570
TI  - The effect of therapeutic doses of lidocaine hydrochloride on the effective
      refractory period of the right ventricle in man.
AB  - The effect of lidocaine on the effective refractory period of the right ventricle
      (EVRP) was measured in 10 patients using the extra stimulus technique of
      progressive introduction of premature stimuli until a response could not be
      elicited. In four patients lidocaine produced a significant decrease in the EVRP,
      in a further four patients there was no change, and in the remaining two patients
      lidocaine produced a significant increase in the EVRP. The effect of the drug on
      the EVRP could not be correlated with the serum potassium levels. The reasons for
      the variable effect of lidocaine are attributed to the different action of
      lidocaine on different components of conduction within the ventricle.

PMID- 1201571
TI  - Relationship between ST-segment elevation and local tissue flow during myocardial
      ischaemia in dogs.
AB  - The relationship between electrocardiographic ST-segment changes and local tissue
      flow recorded from idential sites in the myocardium was determined by inserting
      platinum electrodes into the left ventricular wall of anaesthetized dogs. Local
      myocardial blood flow was measured during graded coronary constriction by
      recording tissue hydrogen desaturation rate. In the detection of ischaemic ST
      segment elevation, intramural recordings proved to be more sensitive than
      corresponding epicardial recordings. Significant ST-segment elevation could only
      be detected by reducing local myocardial flow below 50% of control; by further
      reduction ST-segment elevation increased in proportion to the reduction in
      myocardial flow. Thus, significant myocardial ischaemia might exist without
      electrocardiographic alterations.

PMID- 1201572
TI  - Myocardial distribution of coronary blood flow in the isolated supported heart
      preparation.
AB  - The regional distribution of myocardial blood flow was studied by use of
      radioactive microspheres (15 micro-meters [mum]) under control conditions and
      during an intracoronary infusion of norepinephrine (2mug/min). In control
      experiments endocardial blood flow was generally greater than epicardial flow;
      during administration of norepinephrine the endocardium received significantly
      less blood flow. It is proposed that normally the endocardium is well perfused,
      but under conditions of stress, eg, norepinephrine infusion in the presence of a
      constant coronary blood flow, decreased endocardial blood flow results.

PMID- 1201573
TI  - Oxygen demand and collateral vessels of the heart. Factors influencing the
      severity of myocardial ischaemic injury after experimental coronary artery
      occlusion.
AB  - Epicardial electrocardiographic maps were used to assess the effect of heart
      rate, myocardial contractility, and oxygen need on the severity of myocardial
      ischaemic injury after acute coronary artery occlusion in dogs. The experimental
      data indicate statistically significant dependence of the severity of ischaemia
      on heart rate, contractility, and oxygen need of the heart. These dependences are
      highly influenced by the spontaneous collateral vessels of the heart.

PMID- 1201574
TI  - Comparison of the handling of norepinephrine in the myocardium of adult and old
      rats.
AB  - The handling of norepinephrine was compared in the myocardium of adult and old
      rats. Endogenous norepinephrine levels were significantly lower in the hearts of
      old animals. Following intravenous injection of 3H-norepinephrine [3H-NE] the
      initial uptake was slightly higher in the old animals; subsequently, however,
      there was a more pronounced and prolonged fall in 3H-NE specific activity in the
      myocardium of the old rats. The increased turnover rate was associated with
      normal catecholamine synthesis. Studies of the subcellular distribution of 3H-NE
      showed an inability of the myocardium from ageing rats to retain norepinephrine
      in the storage granules with subsequent loss of the soluble fraction.

PMID- 1201575
TI  - Static mechanical properties of the developing and mature rat aorta.
AB  - The static mechanical properties of the aorta have been examined in rats, aged
      between 4 weeks and 2 years. Internal radius, relative wall thickness,
      circumferential incremental strain, and circumferential incremental elastic
      modulus have been measured at pressures between 1.33 and 33.3 kPa (10 and 250 mm
      Hg). The results show that the value of the incremental elastic modulus does not
      change after 12 weeks. Changes observed in younger animals are related to
      alterations in relative wall thickness. The findings correlate with previously
      observed chemical and morphological changes. Studies of muscle function indicate
      that the smooth muscle of the media does not contribute significantly to the
      static elastic properties of the vessel wall.

PMID- 1201576
TI  - The dynamic and static elastic response of the abdominal aorta of the dog.
AB  - The dynamic and static elastic response of the abdominal aorta was studied in
      beagle dogs of similar age and weight. The dynamic response was measured in situ
      by means of an optical transmission wedge resting on the exposed vessel to record
      the pulsatile changes in wall displacement and the pressure pulse recorded at the
      same site via a hypodermic needle. The static response was recorded (1) in situ
      by observing the change in radius which occurred with a change in the mean blood
      pressure, (2) post mortem using both transmission wedge and radiographic
      techniques. The change in radius (deltaR) for a change in pressure (deltaP=20 mm
      Hg[2.67kPa]) was calculated for both the dynamic and static cases. It was found
      that the aorta was stiffer for the dynamic case, the extent of the stiffening
      being dependent on the mean pressure. At pressures less than 80 mm Hg (10.64 kPa)
      the dynamic/static deltaR ratio was 1.8 decreasing to 1.1 at 160 mm Hg (21.28
      kPa). This behaviour is interpreted in terms of smooth muscle relaxation and the
      subsequent transference of circumferential tension to collagen.

PMID- 1201577
TI  - Pathological effects of intra-arterial blood transfusions in dogs.
AB  - During storage, large cellular aggregates and clots formed in venous blood but
      not in arterial blood. Contrary to previous opinions, the intra-arterial
      transfusion of blood containing aggregates and clots did not cause focal brain
      damage and the presence of aggregates was not essential for the post-transfusion
      development of cerebral petechial and other minor haemorrhages.

PMID- 1201578
TI  - Pulmonary vasoconstriction produced by protamine and protamine-heparin complex in
      the isolated cat lung perfused with blood or dextran.
AB  - Injections of protamine sulphate, protamine-heparin complex, and the supernatant
      from this mixture produced a rise in pulmonary artery pressure during constant
      flow perfusion in the isolated cat lung. The rise in pressure occurred with both
      blood and dextran perfusates. This suggests that the pulmonary vasoconstriction
      produced by protamine may be partly due to a direct action on the pulmonary
      vasculature or to the release of vasoactive substances from the lungs.

PMID- 1201579
TI  - Estimation of non-autonomic and autonomic components of iliac bed vascular
      resistance in renal hypertensive rabbits.
AB  - Iliac bed vascular resistance (IVR) was measured before and after pharmacological
      block of the autonomic effectors in unanaesthetized renal hypertensive and
      normotensive rabbits with previously implanted Doppler flowmeters. This permitted
      partitioning the resting IVR into a non-autonomic component (ie, steady-state IVR
      after block) and an autonomic component (ie, resting IVR minus non-autonomic
      IVR). When IVR was measured at the same mean arterial pressure (MAP) before and
      after block in each animal, the increase in estimated non-autonomic IVR accounted
      entirely for the rise in resting IVR in renal hypertensive rabbits. However, if
      IVR measurements after block were made at a lower MAP than before block, the
      estimated non-autonomic and autonomic components were both significantly
      increased in renal hypertensive rabbits. It is concluded that in the latter
      experiment non-autonomic IVR in renal hypertension was underestimated, whilst the
      autonomic component was overestimated. The rise in non-autonomic IVR in renal
      hypertension was partly due to structural changes in the iliac bed, since IVR
      remained higher in hypertensive than in normotensive rabbits after abolishing
      smooth muscle tone with vasodilator drugs.

PMID- 1201580
TI  - Kinetic-microarchitectural correlations in the bone marrow of the mouse.
AB  - Transverse histologic sections of bone marrow obtained from mice that were
      sacrificed by perfusion fixation at intervals following tritiated thymidine
      injection were studied by means of radioautography. A kinetic gradient was
      demonstrated across the marrow section, with the highest proliferative rate in
      the subendosteal region. Megakaryocytes were shown to originate from the rapidly
      proliferating subendosteal cells. The immediate proliferating precursors of
      mature granulocytes were slowly proliferating cells found predominantly in the
      central region of the marrow. It was concluded that in the steady state there
      must be a migration of cells from the subendosteal region to the central region
      with concomitant growth retardation of the migrating cells.

PMID- 1201581
TI  - The induction of transient increases in mitotic rate in murine tissues following
      prolonged intravenous infusions of hydroxyurea.
AB  - Intravenous infusions of hydroxyurea were established in mice and maintained for
      periods up to 48 hr. The influence of different rates of hydroxyurea infusion on
      the number of viable cells gathered in S phase was studied in eight different
      mouse tissues. An infusion rate which was sufficiently slow not to block
      thymidine incorporation completely, resulted in gathering of cells in S phase
      while offering some protection against hydroxyurea-induced cell death. The
      duration of the period of DNA synthesis following release from hydroxyurea
      inhibition appeared to be shortened in some tissues. After the release of
      hydroxyurea blockades maintained for 12-24 hr, each of the tissues showed sharp
      increases in mitotic activity and peak mitotic index values were as much as
      twenty times greater than values found in tissues of control animals. An
      important finding was that the time of maximal mitotic activity for different
      tissues after release of blockade could differ by many hours.

PMID- 1201582
TI  - The predominant role of the spleen in lymphocyte recirculation. I. Homing of
      lymphocytes to and release from the isolated perfused pig spleen.
AB  - Lymphocyte recirculation through the isolated pig spleen was studied by means of
      a perfusion system which kept the organ alive for a prolonged period of time. By
      changing the perfusate to a leucocyte-enriched or cell-free perfusate and taking
      serial arterial and venous samples, the numbers of lymphocytes which homed to or
      were released from the spleen were measured. In all experiments more lymphocytes
      homed than were released per minute. There was no apparent difference when
      autologous or allogeneic cells were used. The number of lymphocytes released
      depended on the number of lymphocytes homed previously. During the phase of
      constant release up to 3-3 X 10(6) lymphocytes were released per gram spleen per
      minute. From these values it can be extrapolated that up to 270 X 19(9)
      lymphocytes recirculate through the isolated pig spleen per day. Based on kinetic
      data from other species it is estimated that in the entire pig a total number of
      300-400 X 10(9) lymphocytes recirculate per day. Thus, it can be concluded that
      the spleen is the most important organ for lymphocyte recirculation in the pig.

PMID- 1201583
TI  - The influence of a granulocytic inhibitor(s) on hematopoiesis in an in vivo
      culture system.
AB  - The in vivo diffusion chamber (DC) technique for mouse marrow culture was used to
      determine the effect of a granulocyte inhibitor on the proliferation of the
      pluripotent stem cell(CFU-s) and the granulocyte progenitor cell (CFU-c).
      Granulocyte conditioned medium was injected intraperitoneally into mice bearing
      DCs during the initial 48 hr of culture. The early injections of inhibitor
      resulted in a significantly reduced number of granulocytic progeny formed within
      the DCs while there was no growth inhibition of mouse fibroblasts cultured under
      identical conditions. The reduced cell production was due in part to a
      significant reduction in the self-renewal rate of the CFU-c while no apparent
      direct effect was observed upon the growth of the CFU-s within the same cultures.
      These data suggest that the granulocytic inhibitor(s) acted to reduce the
      proliferation within the CFU-c population and thereby diminished the
      amplification potential inherent in the initial cell inoculum.

PMID- 1201584
TI  - Analysis of time dependent changes of lymphopoietic activity in organ cultures of
      embryonic chicken thymus.
AB  - The time dependent development of lymphocytes in organ cultures of the thymus
      obtained from 10-day-old chick embryos was characterized by an initial phase of
      exponential increase of the number of lymphocytes per thymus followed by a
      plateau phase with no further increase in cell number. The proportion of cells in
      DNA synthesis dropped rapidly during the first 10 days of culture. Simultaneously
      the lymphocytes turned progressively smaller, as evidenced by both cell diameter
      and dry mass and constituted a homogeneous population of small cells at the end
      of the culture period. Thymic anlagen partially depleted of lymphoid precursor
      cells by a short hot pulse with 3H-TdR showed a prolonged exponential phase and
      reached normal plateau cell numbers 2-4 days later than usual. Furthermore, at
      least in the first part of the plateau phase, a reduction in the number of
      lymphoid cells per thymus resulted in a recovery in terms of the cell number
      which was associateed with increased DNA synthesis. These results are compatible
      with the regulation of thymic lymphopoiesis in organ culture through a mechanism
      operating via cell density.

PMID- 1201585
TI  - Frequency of occurrence and position of cilia in fibroblasts of the periodontal
      ligament of the mouse incisor.
AB  - Solitary cilia occur in motile as well as in non-motile fibroblasts of the
      peridontal ligament. The cells which moved with the erupting incisor are bipolar
      and oriented with their long axes parallel to the tooth surface. In cross section
      these cells have a flattened appearance. Cilia are localized in close vicinity to
      the nuclear area and show a definite orientation with respect to the transverse
      cell axis. The frequency of occurrence of this organelle was estimated from the
      percentage of diplosomes containing a basal body. Analysis of the composition of
      the paired structures indicated that at least 70 per cent of the fibroblasts are
      ciliated. The frequency of cilia in motile fibroblasts does not differ from that
      in non-motile cells suggesting that the presence of this organelle is not
      directly associated with cell locomotion.

PMID- 1201586
TI  - Tanycyte absorption affected by the hypothalamic deafferentation in Japanese
      quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica.
AB  - In Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica the tanycytes of the median
      eminence absorbed peroxidase injected into the third ventricle. The number of
      tanycytes showing peroxidase reaction was greater in the posterior median
      eminence than in the anterior median eminence. Following hypothalamic
      deafferentation, the tanycyte absorption was augmented both in the posterior and
      anterior median eminence. These findings suggest that axons of some neurons,
      which have inhibitory action on the tanycyte absorption, were transected by
      deafferentation resulting in augmentation of tanycyte absorption. A considerable
      number of ependymal cells lining the upper portion of the third ventricle and
      those of the pars nervosa also absorbed peroxidase. In birds with a deafferented
      hypothalamus, photostimulated ovarian growth was completely inhibited.

PMID- 1201587
TI  - The organization of the lamina ganglionaris of the prawn, Pandalus borealis
      (Kroyer).
AB  - The Lamina ganglionaris (first optic neuropile) of the decapod crustacean
      Pandalus borealis has its optic cartridges (synaptic compartments) arranged in
      horizontal rows. Each optic cartridge contains seven receptor axon terminals and
      the branching axis fibres of five monopolar second order neurons. Four types of
      monopolar neurons are classified. Their cell bodies are arranged in two layers.
      The inner layer contains the cell bodies of exclusively one of these types, and
      each cartridge is invaded by two neurons of this neuron type (type M 1:a and M
      1:b). The outer layer contains the cell bodies of the remaining three types (M 2,
      M3 and M4). One gives rise to a large radially branched axis fibre in the centre
      of the cartridge. The other two have wide branches which may make inter-cartridge
      contacts, one proximally and the other distally in the plexiform layer, which is
      clearly bistratified. The receptor axons terminate in two levels corresponding to
      these strata. Two sets of tangenital fibres form networks in the proximal and the
      mid-portion of the lamina. Both networks have fibres with primary branches in the
      vertical plane and secondary branches in the horizontal plane. The fibres of the
      networks are derived from axons that pass from the second optic neuropile, the
      medulla externa.

PMID- 1201588
TI  - Occurrence of oxyphil cells in suppressed parathyroid glands.
AB  - Parathyroid glands from Mongolian gerbils cultured for 7 days at a high calcium
      concentration and examined by electron microscopy, were found to contain
      suppressed chief cells containing numerous mitochondria, and some oxyphil cells
      containing an abundance of medium-sized or large mitochondria with calcium
      containing precipitates. It is suggested that parathyroid chief cells may be
      transformed into oxyphil cells, under certain conditions, and that the associated
      increase in the number and size of the mitochondria may be related to an
      intracellular accumulation of calcium.

PMID- 1201589
TI  - Granule containing cells and fibres in the sinus venosus of elasmobranchs.
AB  - The concentrations of catecholamines in the heart chambers of elasmobranchs were
      measured by the fluorimetric method of Bertler et al. (1958). Noradrenaline (NA)
      can be detected in all the chambers, but the sinus venosus is by far the richest
      in NA. This can either be due to the presence of storage sites for this amine in
      the sinus wall, or to a transport of amine to the sinus venosus from the anterior
      chromaffin bodies. The sinus wall contains large numbers of "granule containing
      cells" and axon-like processes, both with numerous dense-core vesicles of about
      1800 A diameter. The dense-core vesicles contain a uranophilic matrix indicating
      the presence of protein, phospholipids and/or nucleic acid. The reactions failed
      to demonstrate amine, which may be due to a loss of amine by diffusion, to a
      relatively low intravesicular amine concentration, or, to the absence of amines
      in these granule-containing cells and processes. Heavy accumulations of granule
      containing processes occur in the subendothelial area. The endothelium contains
      fenestrae and pores through which granule-containing fibres protrude into the
      venous cavity. Granule-containing cells are innervated by presumed cholinergic
      nerve endings. It is suggested that the granule-containing cells and fibres
      belong to the neurosecretory system with a cholinergic input, releasing the
      contents of the dense-core vesicles into the blood stream at the level of the
      venous cavity.

PMID- 1201590
TI  - The effect of cervical vagotomy (decentralization) on the ultrastructure of the
      carotid body on the duck, Anas platyrhynchos.
AB  - Carotid bodies of ducks show no detectable changes in ultrastructure up to
      periods of four weeks following the removal of 2-3 cm of the cervical vagus
      (decentralization). This indicates that the majority, and possibily all the
      nerves terminating on the glomus cells are afferent (sensory) in nature. These
      nerve endings are in reciprocal synaptic contact with the glomus cells and
      therefore have efferent and afferent functions. Theories concerning the carotid
      body receptor mechanism are discussed with particular reference to those theories
      which ascribe functions to the reciprocal synapses.

PMID- 1201591
TI  - Comparative histochemical and electron microscopic studies of the sinus and
      venous walls of the human spleen with special reference to the sinus-venous
      connections.
AB  - Sinus and venous walls of normal human spleens were studied with enzyme
      histochemical and electron microscopic methods. Particular attention was paid to
      the connections between sinuses and veins. Histochemically the sinus lining cells
      revealed a distinct naphthol-AS-acetate-esterase activity but no reaction for
      alkaline phosphatase. Venous endothelial cells were positive for the latter but
      negative for the former enzyme. In the sinus-venous junctional area there were no
      endothelial cells with reactivity for both enzymes. Electron microscopically both
      the sinus lining cells and the venous endothelial cells could be clearly
      characterized and therefore easily distinguished from one another on
      morphological grounds. There were no clear ultrastrural indications of
      transitional forms between sinus lining cells and venous endothelial cells in the
      sinus-venous area. According to these findings, sinus lining cells represent a
      specialized endothelium, but one with practically no morphological similarities
      to the venous endothelium.

PMID- 1201592
TI  - Myoid cells in the peritubular tissue (Lamina propria) of the reptilian testis.
AB  - The arrangement and fine structure of peritubular myoid cells was studied in the
      testes of three species of reptiles (Lacerta dugesi, Testudo graeca and Natrix
      natrix) during two short periods of the seasonal cycle (European spring and
      autumn) and correlated with some ultrastructural properties of Leydig cells. The
      lamina propria consists of myoid cells, fibroblasts and non-cellular components
      comprising collageneous and non-striated microfibrils. Both components are
      arranged in alternating layers surrounding seminiferous tubules. In spring the
      lamina propria of lacertilian testis shows 1-5 layers of myoid cells which are
      rich in 50-70 A filaments and exhibit plasmalemmal and intracellular dense
      patches, smooth vesicles along the cell membrane and a concentration of
      organelles in a juxtanuclear position. Leydig cells are rich in smooth ER
      profiles and have few lipid droplets. In atumumn most myoid cells are replaced by
      fibroblast-like elements. Leydig cells display large numbers of lipid droplets
      and dense bodies, but only small amounts of agranular ER. Similar changes are
      noted in Leydig cells of Testudo and Natrix. However, in these species the
      boundary tissue of seminiferous tubules fails to show significant alterations
      comparing spring and autumn animals. In both species the lamina propria exhibits
      a few fibroblast-like cells interspersed among myoid cells.

PMID- 1201593
TI  - Observations on the fine structure, enzyme histochemistry, and innervation of
      parathyroid gland and ultimobranchial body of Chthonerpeton indistinctum
      (Gymnophiona, Amphibia).
AB  - Fine structural and enzyme histochemical observations on ultimobranchial body and
      parathyroid gland of the caecilian Chthonerpeton are presented. The cell clusters
      and follicles of the ultimobranchial body consist mainly of granulated cells
      which are termed C-cells and obviously belong to the APUD cell series. In the
      larger follicles additional possibly exhausted degranulated cells and replacement
      cells occur. A rich supply of nerve fibres has been found in this gland.
      Frequently nerve terminals were observed to come into synaptic contact with the C
      cells. Two categories of nerve fibres occur: a) fibres containing large
      polymorphic electron dense granules (probably purinergic fibres), b) fibres
      containing small electron transparent vesicles and a few electron dense granules
      (probably cholinergic fibres). The parathyroid gland consists of elongated cells
      (one cell type) poor in organelles and often containing fields of glycogen and
      lipid droplets. The cells are further characterized by fair amounts of lysosomal
      enzymes; they are interconnected by maculae adhaerentes and occludentes. No
      nerves and blood vessels have been found in the parathyroid gland of
      Chthonerpeton.

PMID- 1201594
TI  - Electron microscope studies on the intermediate lobe of the embryonic mouse.
AB  - The development of the intermediate lobe of the hypophysis was studied in the
      embryonic C3H mouse; at least four glands from embryos of every gestational day
      from 15 to 19 were examined. In the 16 day-old embryo prospective secretory cells
      proliferate at the centre of the intermediate lobe anlage. At the same stage
      cylindrical cells bordering the hypophyseal cleft begin to reorganize into
      marginal cells. By the end of fetal life marginal cells are well differentiated.
      In the 17 day-old embryo a few granular inclusions appear in some centrally
      located cells. Secretory cells increase in number during the following two
      embryonic days. Some of these cells contain polymorphic populations of granular
      and vesicular inclusions by gestational day 19. The possibility of a dual
      formation of secretory inclusions is discussed. The result implies that the onset
      of granule-formation by these cells is not contemporaneous with the start of
      production of melanophore-expanding substances, the presence of which has been
      detected by earlier biological assays.

PMID- 1201595
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in spermatozoa of the brush-tailed possum, Trichosurus
      vulpecula (Marsupialia), during epididymal transit. Part I: The flagellum.
AB  - During epididymal transit, a fibre network and an array of vesicles develop in
      the posterior two-thirds of the midpiece in sperm of the Brush-tailed possum,
      Trichosurus vulpecula. The fibre network is developed by the time the sperm reach
      the corpus epididymidis, and is composed of evenly spaced, helically arranged
      fibres lying immediately beneath the plasma membrane. The angle of these fibrous
      helices is always counter to that of the underlying mitochondrial helix.
      Separating the fibre network from the mitochondria is a layer of granular
      material which develops at the same time, and over the same length of the
      midpiece as the fibre network. A somewhat tenuous fibre network is found between
      the fibrous sheath and plasma membrane in the anterior principal piece of sperm
      from all regions of the epididymis. The array of vesicles is developed by the
      time sperm reach the cauda epididymidis. The vesicles resemble pinocytotic
      vesicles; some appear as invaginations of the plasma membrane, and are open to
      the medium surrounding the spermatozoon by a narrow neck, while others are
      entirely enclosed within the spermatozoon, and lie at varying distances between
      the plasma membrane and the layer of granular material.

PMID- 1201596
TI  - Ultrastructure of the larval firefly light organ as related to control of light
      emission.
AB  - The firefly larva has a pair of light organs consisting of a layer of
      interdigitating, light emitting cells, covered dorsally with a layer of opaque,
      white cells. Each light organ is ventilated by one large and several smaller
      tracheal branches and is innervated by a branch of the segmental nerve containing
      two axons. These axons branch profusely in the photocyte layer so that several
      nerve profiles are seen around any photocyte. Nerve terminals contain large dense
      core vesicles and small light-core vesicles. Clusters of light-core vesicles
      surrounding irregularly shaped membrane densifications, presumably the synapses
      between nerve and photocyte, are common in nerve terminals. Light emitting cells
      in insects characteristically contain photocyte vesicles. In the larva there are
      both full and empty photocyte vesicles; the full vesicles contain a matrix with
      tubular membrane invaginations in contrast to the empty vesicles which contain
      amorphous membrane invaginations.

PMID- 1201597
TI  - Junctions in the central nervous system of the cat. IV. Interendothelial
      junctions of cerebral blood vessels from selected areas of the brain.
AB  - Interendothelial membrane contacts in different segments of brain blood vessels
      were investigated by the freeze-etching technique. The study demonstrated that
      the endothelial cells of the pre- and postcapillary segments were coupled by
      elaborate zonulae occludentes. These tight junction formations encompassed gap
      junctions of different sizes and distribution. The globules of the pre- and
      postcapillary tight junctions revealed a great fragility which led to an atypical
      distribution of the sealing elements. In the "typical" brain capillaries the
      endothelial cells were connected by continuous  tight junctions. In contrast to
      the structural continuity of these formations the fenestrated segments of
      capillaries in the choroid plexus and area postrema demonstrated discontinuous
      fasciae occludentes. They were composed of rows of individual particles which
      should be regarded primarily as focal in nature.

PMID- 1201598
TI  - Responses of the ultimobranchial body in eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) maintained
      in sea water and experimentally matured, to injections of synthetic salmon
      calcitonin.
AB  - The effect of a synthetic salmon calcitonin (SCT) treatment on ultimobranchial
      body (UB) activity in eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) maintained in seawater and
      submitted to experimental maturation, has been studied histologically. 2. The
      activity of the glands of a control group of eels maintained in sea water was
      taken as a reference. 3. The UB parenchyma showed a marked atrophy in the fish
      treated with SCT alone and serum calcium decreased significantly in this group.
      4. Immature female silver eels receiving carp pituitary extract (CPE 1 mg/100 g
      body wt. per injections) until complete maturation presented high hypercalcemia
      associated with cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia in the UB. 5. SCT treatment
      did not prevent the hypercalcemia provoked by CPE injections. UB activity was
      strongly increased in this case. 6. These data indicate that the activity of the
      UB in eels varies with both physiological and experimental hypercalcemia, and
      responds to SCT injections.

PMID- 1201599
TI  - The ultrastructure of the swimbladder of the toadfish, opsanus tau L.
AB  - The anterior chamber of the swimbladder of the toadfish Opsarmustau L. is lined
      by a single layer of columnar gas gland cells, cuboidal cells that resemble gas
      gland cells but are located outside of the gas gland region, and squamous cells.
      Multilamellar bodies are numerous in the gas gland cells and the cuboidal cells
      and are present in smaller numbers in the squamous cells. Capillaries lie in the
      lamina propria directly below the epithelial lining. A thick continuous
      muscularis mucosae and a submucosa consisting of tightly packed cells, cell
      processes, and connective tissue may contribute to the impermeability to gases of
      the wall of the anterior chamber. The posterior chamber of the swimbladder is
      lined by a single type of squamous epithelial cell. Multilamellar bodies were
      occasionally observed in these cells also. Other types of cells frequently form a
      partial second layer between the epithelial lining and the basement lamina. A
      thin muscularis mucosae lies directly below the basement lamina and the
      capillaries of the posterior chamber are located in the submucosa. The tunica
      externa is a layer of dense connective tissue that surrounds both the anterior
      and posterior chambers. Collagen fibrils in the form of tactoids are present in
      this layer.

PMID- 1201600
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in granulosa lutein cells and progesterone levels during
      preimplantation, implatation, and early placentation in the western spotted
      skunk.
AB  - The ultrastructure of corpora lutea obtained during the preimplantation
      implantation and early post-implantation periods has been studied in 20 western
      spotted skunks. Fine structure of granulosa lutein cells was correlated with
      progesterone levels. The corpus luteum of the prolonged (7 month) preimplantaion
      period contained undifferentiated small granulosa cells and differentiated large
      granulosa lutein cells. The former ranged in size between 12 and 20 mu and the
      latter between 20 and 45 mu. The ratio of small and large cells was about equal
      in an animal 2 days prior to nidation whereas only few small cells and numerous
      large cells were observed in an animal estimated to be 8 to 12 hours from
      nidation. Occasionally small cells were observed amidst large ones during the 24
      hour nidation period, i.e. adhesion of trophoblast with the luminal uterine
      epithelium, but small cells were absent in animals after this period. Small cells
      had some smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum rod-shaped mitochondria with
      plate-like cristae, small Golgi complex, and relatively smooth plasma membranes.
      Large lutein cells had abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum, membranous whorls
      of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, usually round mitochondria with tubular and
      lamellar cristae, a well developed Golgi complex, variable amounts of lipid
      droplets, and highly plicated and ruffled plasma membranes. Peripheral plasma
      progesterone levels during the prolonged preimplantation period ranged between
      1.1 and 7.9 ng/ml, but during implantation it was between 8 and 16.6 ng/ml. It is
      suggested that plasma progesterone levels fluctuate during the time of
      implantation and should not be regarded as a basis to predict actual nidation in
      the western spotted skunk.

PMID- 1201601
TI  - The fine structure of the kidney of the hagfish (Myxine glutinosa L.): A thin
      section and freeze-fracture study.
AB  - The fine structure of the kidney (glomerulus and archinephric duct) of the
      hagfish. Myxine glutinosa (L.) was studied in thin sections and by freeze
      fracture technique. The glomerular filtration barrier is similar to that of
      mammalian kidneys. However, endothelial fenestrations are relatively scanty and
      the basement membranes of endothelial cells and podocytes always appear separated
      by a layer of collagen fibrils and microfibrils often surrounding numerous and
      extended mesangial cells. Between podocytes and their processes maculae
      occludentes and peculiar junctions of another type occur. The zonulae occludentes
      between epithelial cells of the archinephric duct are composed of five or more
      strands, occasionally of only one or two.

PMID- 1201603
TI  - Sizes and numbers of nuclei in the cortex of thymus glands of red-billed weavers
      Quelea quelea.
AB  - The cortex of the thymus glands of embryos, chicks, juveniles, fledglings and
      adults from several colonies of Quelea quelea were studied using an image
      analyser (Quantimet 720) to determine cell populations and nuclear sizes. Just
      prior to hatching the lobes showed a high level of mitosis and consisted of
      predominantly small lymphocytes. The larger glands of chicks and juveniles had
      higher cell populations; pyknotic cells and erythrocytes occurred free in the
      cortex. The lobes of adults were more variable but in general mitosis occurred in
      enlarging glands of adults from colonies with eggs; most lobes contained pyknotic
      cells but not in such high numbers as in lobes from chicks and fledglings.
      Erythrocytes were common, occurring in large numbers in the cortex in some birds.
      The factors affecting the interpretation of these data are discussed in detail.

PMID- 1201602
TI  - The development and fine structure of ultimobranchial glands in larval anurans.
      II. Bufo viridis, Hyla arborea, and Rana ridibunda.
AB  - A comparative optical microscopic and ultrastructural study on the
      ultimobranchial (UB) glands of three common species of Israeli anurans: Bufo
      viridis, Hyla arborea, and Rana ridibunda during metamorphosis is presented. The
      UB glands typically consist of a single follicle with a central lumen, though
      occasionally secondary follicles are present in Hyla and Rana. A single UB cell
      type is found which appears either in a very electron-dense "dark" form or as a
      less dense "light" form, though the ratio of dark: light cells from gland to
      gland at any one stage of metamorphic development is quite variable. By the end
      of metamorphosis in Bufo and Hyla all the UB cells are usually of the light
      variety, whereas in Rana the dark cells persist. The organelles of these
      secretory cells including secretory granules, granular endoplasmic reticulum,
      free ribosomes, tonofilaments, microtubules, Golgi bodies, and lipid droplets,
      their distribution, abundance, and possible functions in relation to
      metamorphosis are described. Apocrine secretion into the central lumen of the
      gland is also described and discussed.

PMID- 1201604
TI  - The fate of N-dansyl-L-phenylalanine in the cerebrospinal fluid after
      intraventricular and intracisternal injection: a comparative fluorescence
      microscopic and analytical study.
AB  - Absorption, accumulation and release of N-Dansyl-L-phenylalanine (DPA) through
      the ependyma, plexus choriodei and brain parenchyma after intraventricular and
      intracisternal injection was examined at different postinjection intervals by
      fluorescence microscopy. The following results were obtained: 1. After
      intraventricular injection, DPA is rapidly absorbed from the ependyma and plexus
      choriodei in all ventricles and subsequently disappears from the various points
      of the ventricles at different times. DPA is no longer evident in the ependyma
      after 40 min and the plexus after 90 min. Aborption and storage occur primarily
      in the dopaminergic centers of the brain. This stage begins 5 min p.i. attains a
      maximum after 40 min and is maintained up to 180 min p.i. 2. If DPA is
      administered intracisternally, fluorescence is initially restricted to the
      ependyma and choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle and to the wall of the
      aquaeduct. Only at 5-10 min p.i. are rostral ventricular portions labelled.
      Passage of the amino acid out of the ventricle only occurs to a limited extent.
      40 min after intracisternal injection, DPA is no longer demonstrable in the
      ependyma and plexus or brain parenchyma. 3. Intrathecally administered DPA
      appears in the periglomerular tubules of the kidney as well 2.5 min p.i. and is
      stored there for up to 40 min. The kidney medulla remains free of fluorescence.
      4. DPA injected into the CSF is protein-bound.

PMID- 1201605
TI  - Fine structural demonstration of acid phosphatase in rabbit germinal epithelium
      prior to induced ovulation.
AB  - The germinal or surface epithelium covering rabbit Graafian follicles contains
      occasional small, dark, lysosome-like bodies. After an ovulatory dose of human
      chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) such bodies gradually increase in size and number.
      At 8 hr after HCG there is a maximal accumulation in the apical follicle cells;
      then the dense bodies decrease and just prior to ovulation, 9.5 hr after HCG,
      only few of them remain in the attenuated surface epithelium. Most of the growing
      membrane-surrounded bodies probably represent lysosomes, since electron
      microscopy combined with cytochemistry revealed that many of them contain the
      lysosomal "marker" enzyme, acid phosphatase. The role of sex steroids and
      prostaglandins regarding lysosomal growth and LABILization is discussed. The
      close temporal relation between disappearance of the apical surface epithelial
      lysosomes and disintegration of the underlying tunica albuginea gives further
      support to our working hypothesis that at least part of the "ovulatory enzymes"
      emanate from the surface epithelium.

PMID- 1201606
TI  - Luteinizing hormone, progesterone and the morphological development of normal and
      superovulated corpora lutea in sheep.
AB  - The development of granulosa-lutein cells was studied in 27 normal and 32
      superovulated ewes between days 0-4(day 0 began with the preovulatory LH peak in
      normal animals and the HCG injection in superovulated ewes). The pattern of
      differentiation was similar in both groups. Following initial hormonal
      stimulation (0-12 hours after LH or HCG), granulosa cells were approximately 100
      mu2 and contained small, pleomorphic nuclei with large amounts of clumped
      chromatin. Elongate cells lining the basement membrane possessed large,
      heterogeneous dense bodies, and a well-developed Golgi apparatus. Mitotic figures
      were observed up to 6 hours prior to ovulation. Sixteen to 20 hours following the
      LH surge or HCG injection, hypertrophy of granulosa cells was evident. Nuclei
      contained definitive nucleoli. Blood vessels in the theca interna were abundant
      and highly dilated. Ovulation occurred approximately 24 hours after the LH peak
      or HCG injection. Visible signs of luteinization were evident 6-12 hours after
      ovulation. A slight increase in serum progesterone levels was detected. The
      second post-ovulatory day was characterized by continuing hypertrophy of
      granulosa cells and extensive proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and
      mitochondria. Nuclei of granulosa cells were larger and possessed extremely large
      nucleoli. Numerous mitotic figures were apparent within the corpus luteum. Serum
      progesterone concentrations began increasing at 60-72 hours after hormone
      stimulation. By the end of the third post-ovulatory day, the corpus luteum
      consisted of large, pleomorphic, parenchymal cells, interspersed between
      capillaries and connective tissue elements. Only an occasional mitotic figure was
      apparent within the corpus luteum at 100 hours. Light microscopic autoradiography
      of 5, 10, and 15 day corpora lutea taken from ewes pulsed with 3H thymidine at
      specific times before and after ovulation revealed that granulosa cells did not
      undergo secondary mitoses following ovulation. In contrast, thecal, mesenchymal
      and endothelial cells did mitose on day 3.

PMID- 1201609
TI  - Scanning electron microscope observations on the muscle innervation of Oikopleura
      dioica Fol (Appendicularia, Tunicata) with notes on the arrangement of connective
      tissue fibres.
AB  - Critical point dried and fractured appendicularia of the species Oikopleura
      dioica have been examined in the scanning electron microscope. The dorsal nerve
      cord with ganglion cells and peripheral nerve fibres could easily be observed.
      Thick peripheral nerve fibres leave the nerve cord as bilateral pairs at constant
      intervals along the tail. Most of these fibres branch from the naked nerve cord,
      but some evidently originate in ganglion perikarya bulging out from the nerve
      cord itself. These paired peripheral nerves always have elaborate end
      arborizations on the medial surface of the lateral muscle cells. They are
      accordingly interpreted as motor axons. Some thinner peripheral nerve fibres
      originate at irregular intervals from both the nerve cord and the ganglion cells.
      Due to the numerous extracellular fibrils that connect the bilateral layers of
      the epidermal fins and the muscle cells to each other, these thin nerve fibres
      can seldom be traced to their termination. A few ones can, however, be traced
      ventrally between the notochord and the muscle cells and seem to end in singular
      bulb-like expansions. Clusters of synaptic vesicles are present in transmission
      electron micrographs of such nerves, and they are accordingly believed to carry
      efferent impulses. The extracellular fibrils are arranged in a highly ordered
      pattern with thick bundles crossing the gap between the structures to be
      interconnected and with numerous radiating insertions on the surface of the
      tissues.

PMID- 1201607
TI  - Junctions in the central nervous system of the cat. V. The junctional complex of
      the pia-arachnoid membrane.
AB  - The leptomeningeal tissue of the choroid plexuses and of the brain surfaces have
      been studied by means of the freeze-etching technique. The pia-arachnoid membrane
      and the subdural neurothel represent the morphological barrier between the
      extracerebral tissue and the cerebrospinal compartment. The freeze-etch findings
      indicate that the arachnoid and neurothelial cells are coupled by extensive
      zonulae occludentes which seem to represent the structural basis of the barrier
      mechanism provided by these cell layers. Furthermore, it became evident that gap
      junctions of considerable structural heterogeneity occur on the pial and
      arachnoid cells of the interstitial choroidal compartment and of the free brain
      surfaces. The structural heterogeneity of the nexuses is taken as an indication
      of the plasticity of the leptomeningeal tissue. The different morphological
      characteristics of the nexal formations are discussed with respect to their
      probable functional meaning.

PMID- 1201608
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on neuromuscular contacts and the formation of junctions
      in the flight muscle of Antheraea polyphemus (Lep.). II. Changes after motor
      nerve section.
AB  - In the moth Antheraea polyphemed at the onset of adult development. The
      subsequent breakdown of the isolated motor stulongated vesicles similar in
      structure to channels of smooth ER, appear in large numbers in the axoplasm.
      Their nature as well as the functional aspects of early axonal changes are
      discussed. From the 7th day onward two types of axonal breakdown become
      prominent. The first is characterized 0y swelling axon profiles, distorted
      vesicles and strongly shrunken mitochondria, uhile shrinking axon profiles
      containing tightly packed mitochondria and unaltered vesicles are typical of the
      second. Both types presumably take place independently of each other in different
      axon terminals. Axons and the contents of at least the first type are finally
      removed by transformation into lamellar bodies. Glial processes obviously behave
      independently of degenerating terminals; they loose any contact with them and
      never act as phagocytes for axon remnants. During the whole period of breakdown
      undifferentiated contacts between nerve fibers and muscle anlagen are present but
      synaptic structures as in normal developing dlm have never been observed. This
      fact, in comparison with earlier studies, suggests a lack of trophic nervous
      activity on the muscle anlagen tissue. A short time after removal of the isolated
      stumps new nerve tracts appear between dlm-fibers (which are, of course, strongly
      retarded in development). They are presumably sensory wing nerves which lack a
      guide structure to the central target, due to axotomy. Neuromuscular contacts or
      even junctions formed by axons of these nerves have occasionally been detected on
      the dlm. Their nature is discussed. Wallerian axon degeneration is compared to
      the normal, metamorphic breakdown of the innervation of the larval dlm-precursor.
      In contrast to the former, glial processes here remain in contact with the
      terminals. Glia and axons first swell. Then most glial processes are transformed
      into lamellar bodies whereas neurites shrink and become electron-dense. Axonal
      organelles remain intact for a long period.

PMID- 1201610
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic study of the rat liver sinusoid: endothelial and
      Kupffer cells.
AB  - The surface ultrastructure of Kupffer cells in the rat liver has been studied by
      scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that Kupffer cells
      are both significantly different and clearly distinct from endothelial cells.
      Kupffer cells have neither pores (and/or "sieve plates") nor fenestrations, all
      of which are present in endothelial cells. They possess a stellate shape, and
      only indirectly, with slender and irregular evaginations, contribute to the
      lining of the sinusoidal wall. Furthermore, the luminal surface in some areas
      contains a large population of short microvilli, microphicae and invaginations.
      These elements form a kind of microlabyrinth which may correpond to the "worm
      like" structures described by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the
      present study, transition forms between endothelial and Kupffer cells were never
      found. On the contrary, considering the highly fenestrated nature of the
      endothelial cells, the Kupffer cells may, by ameboid movements, easily cross the
      overlapping barrier of the sinusoid and protrude into the lumen. Thus, acting as
      activated macrophages, the Kupffer cells might function to prevent the entrance
      of foreign material into the tissues of the liver through the fragile and highly
      fenestrated endothelium. Finally, the topographical reconstruction of the
      sinusoid by correlated SEM and TEM studies demonstrates the Kupffer cells, with
      their protruding cytoplasm and ability to extend into the lumen of the sinusoid,
      may actually change the caliber of the vessel, and thus function as a "sphincter"
      which causes a temporary arrest of the blood flow when the diameter of the
      sinusoidal lumen is reduced.

PMID- 1201613
TI  - Heterogeneous distribution of DNA alkylation products in rat liver chromatin
      after in vivo administration of N,N-di[14C]methylnitrosamine.
AB  - Poly-l-lysine (PL) binds to about 50% of chromatin DNA, rendering it resistant to
      degradation by DNAase I. Separation of the unbound DNA as acid-soluble
      nucleotides allows the fractionation of chromatin DNA into two zones. After in
      vivo administration of N,N-di[14C]methylnitrosamine, the amount of alkylation in
      DNA was found to be lower in the polylysine-binding regions. Some possible
      reasons for this heterogeneous distribution are discussed.

PMID- 1201611
TI  - A karyometric and stereologic study of the effects of gonadotrophin and
      testosterone on the interstitial gland of the testis of intact and endoxan
      treated rats.
AB  - Adult male rats were treated daily for 18 days with endoxan in doses of 4 mg/kg
      of body weight or testosterone in doses 2.5 mg per rat. For the last 5 days of
      the experiment some of the rats received gonadotrophin injections in doses of 50
      I.U. Karyometric and stereologic studies were undertaken on paraffin sections of
      the testes stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Endoxan treatment decrease the
      nuclear volume of the Leydig cells and lowers the volume fraction occupied by the
      interstitial gland in the testis. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in
      the intensity of reaction for acid phosphatase, non-specific esterases and 3-beta
      hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase. Testosterone injected alone or jointly with
      endoxan resulted in more pronounced changes than following treatment with endoxan
      alone. As expected, gonadotrophin injections into intact rats resulted in a
      marked increase in nuclear volume of the Leydig cells and in the volume fraction
      of the interstitial gland. This effect of gonadotrophin on the interstitial gland
      of the rat testis was partially inhibited by endoxan treatment. It follows from
      these experiments that endoxan impairs the functional activity of the
      interstitial gland of the rat testes by lowering the endogenous gonadotrophin
      levels, as well as by direct action on the Leydig cells.

PMID- 1201612
TI  - Urinary enzyme excretion during renal papillary necrosis induced in rats with
      ethyleneimine.
AB  - N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, acid and
      alkaline phosphatase were monitored in urine kidney homogenates and serum of rats
      with papillary damage induced with ethyleneimine. Serum urea levels, total
      protein in the urine and urine volume were monitored throughout the study.
      Histological studies showed that the injection of ethyleneimine caused immediate
      papillary necrosis, followed later by secondary cortical involvement. Minor
      papillary necrosis induced by a low dose (0.5 mul/kg) of ethyleneimine was
      characterised by a rise in urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity which
      was followed later by an increase in the activity of the other enzymes monitored.
      More severe papillary necrosis induced with a higher dose of ethyleneimine (5.0
      mul/kg) resulted in an immediate rise in the activities of all the urinary
      enzymes which then decreased only to rise again when cortical involvement
      occurred. Serum urea was unaltered but urine volume and protein were increased
      coincidentally with the urinary enzyme activities. The value of the assay of
      urinary enzymes in distinguishing papillary from glomerular and tubular damage is
      assessed. The possible relevance of the ethyleneimine model to the  etiology of
      papillary nephropathy is discussed.

PMID- 1201614
TI  - The effects of O-acetylsterigmatocystin and related compounds on rat liver and
      cultured chicken embryonal liver cells.
AB  - Fine structural nucleolar changes induced in rat liver and primary tissue culture
      cells from 10-day-old chicken embryonal liver by O-acetylsterigmatocystin (AcO
      stg), related compounds and aflatoxin B1 were compared. (1) Male Wistar rats were
      given a single i.p. injection of sterigmatocystin (stg), AcO-stg, and aflatoxin
      B1. 3 days after the injection of 15 mg/kg of stg, sporadic single cell necrosis
      was observed in rat liver, whereas rats treated with 8 mg/kg AcO-stg or more, and
      3 mg/kg of aflatoxin B1 showed massive liver necrosis. Acetylation resulted in a
      marked increase in solubility in polar organic solvents. This increased
      solubility could play an important role in determining toxicity. (II) Treatment
      with the compounds with an unsaturateddelta1,2-furobenzofuranring system, such as
      AcO-stg, demethyl-diacetyl-stg (deMe-diAc-stg), and aflatoxin B1, resulted in
      nucleolar segregation and fragmentation of primary culture cells. Both
      parenchymal and mesenchymal cells in culture were susceptible to AcO-stg and deMe
      diAc-stg, while the mesenchymal cells were more resistant to aflatoxin B1 than
      the hepatocytes. The inhibition of RNA synthesis in both cell types as determined
      in radioautography was in accordance with the electron-microscopic observations.
      Acetyldihydrosterigmatocystin (AcO-dihyd-stg), a saturated delta1,2
      furobenzofuranring compound, was less toxic to primary tissue culture cells.

PMID- 1201615
TI  - Histone modification in liver after administration of inducers of mixed function
      oxidase activity.
AB  - The phosphorylation and acetylation of rat liver histones in vivo were determined
      after administration of phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene. No changes were
      observed in the phosphorylation profile of histones separated by gel
      electrophoresis after treatment with either of these two inducing agents.
      However, after 2h of treatment with either phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene,
      a significant increase in acetylation of histones was noted, particularly in the
      F2a1 and (F3, F2b, F2a2) regions. It is suggested that this increase which
      precedes the enhancement in RNA synthesis may play a role in the alteration of
      transcription in liver.

PMID- 1201616
TI  - Studies on lung tumours. III. Oxidative metabolism of dimethylnitrosamine by
      rodent and human lung tissue.
AB  - The oxidative metabolism of the carcinogen dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was studied
      in mouse, rat, hamster and human respiratory tissue. [14C]DMN was purified by
      Dowex-1-bisulfite column chromatography to remove a contaminant (probably
      [14C]formaldehyde) interfering with the enzyme assay. Since formaldehyde and
      methyl carbonium ions - yielding methanol with water - are considered to be the
      primary products of DMN metabolism, tissue slices were assayed for the production
      of [14C]CO2 from 14C-labelled methanol, formaldehyde, formate, and DMN. Oxidation
      of formaldehyde to formate was not, but oxidation of formate to CO2 was very much
      rate-limiting. This rate-limiting step was circumvented by introducing
      quantitative chemical oxidation of formate to CO2 by mercury(II)chloride
      following the enzymic reaction. Since oxidation of methanol to CO2 proved to be
      insignificant, production of CO2 from DMN by lung tissue enzymes and HgCl2 may
      serve as a parameter for N-demethylating activity and the production of the
      suspected carcinogenically active methyl carbonium ions. The DMN-N-demethylating
      activities of lung tissue slices of two mouse strains with widely different
      susceptibilities to formation of lung adenomas by DMN differed significantly, but
      the difference seemed too small to explain the divergence in tumourigenic
      response. The enzymatic activities decreased in hamster bronchus, hamster
      trachea, hamster lung, GRS/A mouse lung, C3Hf/A mouse lung, human lung, Sprague
      Dawley rat lung, in that order. The reported resistance of the hamster
      respiratory system to tumour induction by DMN may therefore not be due to poor
      DMN-N-demethylating capacity.

PMID- 1201617
TI  - The biological fate in rats of vinyl chloride in relation to its oncogenicity.
AB  - The main eliminative route for [14C]vinyl chloride after oral, i.v. or i.p.
      administration to rats is pulmonary; both unchanged vinyl chloride and vinyl
      chloride-related CO2 are excreted by that route and the other [14C] metabolites
      via the kidneys. After intragastric administration, pulmonary output of unchanged
      vinyl chloride is proportional to the logarithm of reciprocal dose. Excretion
      patterns after i.v. and i.p. injections are predictable from the characteristics
      of excretion following oral administration. Pulmonary excretion of unchanged
      vinyl chloride after oral dosing is complete within 3-4 h, but pulmonary
      elimination of CO2 and renal excretion of metabolites occupies 3 days. In
      comparison, 99% of a small i.v. dose is excreted unchanged within 1 h of
      injection; 80% within 2 min. The rate of elimination of a single oral doses of
      [14C]vinyl chloride is uninfluenced by up to 60 days' chronic dosing with the
      unlabelled substance. The distribution volume of vinyl chloride as displayed by
      whole-animal autoradiography agrees with deductions from excretion data. Small
      localization of 14C in the para-auricular region of appropriate sections occurs
      in sectioned tubules, belonging possibly to the Zymbal glands. Biotransformation
      of vinyl chloride into S-(2-chloroethyl) cysteine and N-acetyl-S-(2-chloroethyl)
      cysteine occurs through addition of cysteine, and biotransformation into: (i)
      chloroacetic acid, thiodiglycollic acid and glutamic acid, and (ii) into
      formaldehyde (methionine, serine), CO2 and urea is explicable in terms of an
      associative reaction with molecular O2 involving a singlet oxygen bonded
      transition state in dynamic equilibrium with a cyclic peroxide ground state.
      There is no evidence for chloroethylene oxide formation. Thiodiglycollic acid is
      the major metabolite of chloroacetic acid in rats; more than 60% of the dose. The
      interaction of vinyl chloride and of its primary metabolites with the
      intermediates of mammalian metabolism is discussed in relation to the
      oncogenicity of that substance.

PMID- 1201618
TI  - Protein chain initiation in vitro by liver cell components from DMNA-treated
      rats.
AB  - The mechanism of inhibition of protein synthesis in rat liver after
      dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) administration was studied at the level of peptide
      chain initiation by use of initiation-dependent amino acid incorporating systems.
      Ribosomal monomers, poly(A)-concontaining loss of acticity due to the DMNA
      treatment. The poly(A) RNA from monosomes and polysomes, and crude initiation
      factors from microsomes were prepared 2 h after a single dose of DMNA (75 mg/kg),
      and their activities in the production of new protein chains determined under
      conditions of nearly linear response. Monosomes and crude initiation factors from
      DMNA-treated rats were at least as active as those from controls. Preparations of
      poly(A)-containing RNA had a consistently higher template activity when prepared
      from polysomes instead of monosomes. However, in neither case was there any
      ltaining RNA was methylated by DMNA to about the same extent as the 18S and 28S
      rRNA. The methylation was consistently somewhat higher in the RNA preparations
      from monosomes than in those from polysomes.

PMID- 1201619
TI  - Evidence for a second arylhydroxamic acid acyltransferase species in the small
      intestine of the rat.
AB  - The small intestine of the Sprague-Dawley rat has been shown to contain two
      species of arylhydroxamic acid acyltransferases. These enzymes were separable by
      gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The smaller species had the mobility of rat
      liver acyltransferase and was precipitated with antiserum directed against the
      liver enzyme. The larger species was not precipitated with this antiserum. These
      species differ in their relative abilities to utilize N-hydroxy-N-2
      acetylaminofluorene (N-hydroxy-AAF) and N-hydroxy-N-4-acetylaminobiphenyl (N
      hydroxy-AABP) as substrates, and in their inhibition by non immune serum.

PMID- 1201620
TI  - Differential assay for urea and citrulline. Automated and manual procedures.

PMID- 1201621
TI  - A reliable method for the simultaneous estimation of dopamine, noradrenaline and
      serotonin in discrete areas of brain.
AB  - 1. Sub-microgram levels of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5HT)
      were estimated simultaneously in small discrete areas of brain by a simple
      combined alumina adsorption-spectrofluorometric technique. 2. The method does not
      depend on the use of ninhydrin which is reported to interfere with the
      spectrofluorometric assay of 5HT nor does the method involve the use of phosphate
      buffers which reportedly are a source of error in catecholamine assays. 3. The
      method described is suitable for the measurement of amine levels both in normal
      conditions and when amino levels have been severly reduced by amine-depleting
      drugs. Neither reserpine nor alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine interfere in the assay.

PMID- 1201622
TI  - Plasma free amino acids in the chronically uremic rat.
AB  - Plasma free amino acids in the sub-totally nephrectomized chronic uremic rat have
      been quantitated. The concentrations of these substances in uremic rats have been
      compared to levels present in sham-operated controls, and to levels found in
      normal rats on a restricted diet. Phosphoserine, alpha-aminoadipic acid, 1
      methylhistidine and 3-methylhistidine concentrations were found to be
      significantly higher in the uremic group. Sub-normal amounts of serine, valine,
      tryptophan, asparagine and anserine were present in the serum of the uremic
      animals. No changes were detected in serum amino acids which are ketogenic. Serum
      glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity was reduced in both uremic and
      restricted diet rats.

PMID- 1201623
TI  - Uric acid estimation: a comparison of the manual uricase-UV and the
      phosphotungstate auto-analyzer methods.
AB  - 1. Uric acid estimations by the uricase-UV and the autoanalyzer colorimetric
      procedures were compared. 2. At all levels of serum uric acid concentration
      measured, results with the uricase-UV method were significantly lower than those
      with the phosphotungstate method. 3. The data indicate that the critical uric
      acid level (measured by the autoanalyzer) at which allopurinol, uricosuric, and
      other agents are instituted should be decreased approximately 10 per cent when
      determinations are done by the uricase method.

PMID- 1201624
TI  - The use of micro-minicomputers in clinical chemistry: on line operation with the
      SMA 12-60.

PMID- 1201625
TI  - The human hemoglobin variants in Canada.
AB  - This report summarizes the results of a search for abnormal hemoglobin variants
      by use of a filter paper electrophoresis technique on 228,300 blood samples
      obtained from various parts of four Canadian provinces. Abnormal variants were
      found in 438 samples and were of 27 different varieties, including six new ones.
      In addition, the characteristics of beta-thalassemia were found in 147 samples.
      The types of variant found, and their geographical and ethnic origin are
      presented.

PMID- 1201626
TI  - Systolic time intervals in thyroid disease.
AB  - The systolic time intervals; total electro-mechanical systole (QS2), left
      ventricular ejection time (LVET), pre-ejection period (PEP), and ratio of
      PEP/LVET were measured from external readings in twenty hyperthyroid and fifteen
      hypothyroid patients. The hyperthyroid subjects showed shortening of the PEP and
      reduction in the PEP/LVET. The hypothyroid group showed lengthening of the PEP,
      shortening of the LVET and increased PEP/LVET. These changes returned towards
      normal in ten patients rendered euthyroid with appropriate therapy. The value of
      these measurements to predict the thyroid status was examined in a mixed group of
      seventy-four patients. There was close agreement between diagnosis predicted from
      systolic time intervals and that made independently from clinical and biochemical
      assessment, suggesting that the systolic time intervals may have been a useful
      place in the clinical assessment of thyroid patients.

PMID- 1201627
TI  - Leucocyte chemotaxis: physiological considerations and abnormalities.
AB  - Expression of the inflammatory process is dependent on mobilisation of
      leucocytes, which require leucocyte chemotaxis. Recent technological advances
      have enabled extensive in vitro biological characterisation of the chemotatic
      stimuli (factors) and the cellular events of migration. The chemotatic stimuli
      include products of complement activation, fibrinolytic and kinin generating
      systems, collagen products as well as products of bacterial growth and products
      released from virus-infected tissues. Chemotatic factors are also released as a
      result of lymphocyte activation and phagocytosis by neutrophils. Other
      neutrophils products released during phagocytosis activate the complement system.
      A complex mechanism for limiting production or activity of chemotactic factors
      has been identified. These antichemotatic agents include serum and cell-derived
      chemotactic factor inactivators as well as specific inhibitors of leucocyte
      migration and complement inactivators released from neutrophils during the
      phagocytic process. The mechanism by which cells respond to chemotatic factors is
      poorly understood by cell adherence to the substratum, cell deformability, random
      migration, and directed migration are required. These processes are complex and
      require modifications of the leucocyte surface, calcium and magnesium, activation
      of esterases, function of contractile elements and assembly of a cytoskeleton,
      which is probably modulated by cyclic nucleotide metabolism.

PMID- 1201628
TI  - Microbe ingestion and killing by neutrophils: normal mechanisms and
      abnormalities.
AB  - Microbial ingestion and killing by neutrophils involves the interaction between
      the phagocytic cells of the body and certain serum factors. The primary
      phagocytes of the blood are the polymorphonuclear neutrophil, eosinophil and
      monocyte. The fixed tissue macrophage of the reticuloendothelial system is
      responsible for phagocytosis and killing of encapsulated bacteria, viruses, and
      protozoans, whereas the blood phagocyte system is involved in killing of pyogenic
      bacteria and certain fungi. Proper ingestion of bacteria requires opsonisation of
      these bacteria by either complement of specific antibody, or an interaction of
      these two proteins. Opsonised bacteria are fixed to the surface of the phagocytic
      cells which contain receptors for IgG and C3. Following immune adherence
      ingestion of bacteria involves invagination of the plasmalemmal membrane. This
      process utilises ATP and a re-arrangement of lipids occurs during formation of
      the phagocytic vacuole. Granular enzymes containing peroxidase, hydrolases, and
      cationic proteins are transferred from the granule into the phagocytic vacuole.
      There is activation of oxidative metabolism with an increased consumption of
      oxygen leading to hydrogen peroxide production.

PMID- 1201629
TI  - Eosinophil leucocytes: Structure and function.

PMID- 1201630
TI  - A prospective clinical trial of post-operative radiotherapy delivered in three
      fractions per week versus two fractions per week in breast carcinoma.
AB  - The results are presented of a five-year prospective trial of 411 patients with
      breast carcinoma treated by mastectomy and post-operative radiotherapy. Twice or
      thrice weekly dose-fractionation techniques were used, i.e. 12 fractions in 28
      days and six fractions in 18 days. The results show that, in terms of survival
      and control of local disease, the two techniques are very similar. The early and
      late radiation effects on the normal tissues up to five years are similar and
      acceptable. Dose levels thought to be biologically equivalent on the basis of
      experience at St Thomas's Hosiptal were selected. It is stressed that there is a
      narrower margin of normal tissue tolerance when six fractions over 18 days are
      used, that it is essential to treat all fields on each treatment occasion and
      that the total maximum tissue dose of 3600 R is not exceeded. Attention is drawn
      to the fact that the dose for six fractions, derived from the NSD formula which
      would be predicted to be equivalent to the 12-fraction dose is, in fact, over 10%
      higher than the dose used here and likely to produce unacceptable late radiation
      changes.

PMID- 1201631
TI  - The accuracy of radiological diagnosis of benign, primarily and secondarily
      malignant gastric ulcers and their correlation with three simplified radiological
      types.
AB  - Two radiologists individually gave 'blind' diagnoses of benignancy or malignancy
      to 145 radiographic representations of gastric ulcers, all with gastrectomy
      histological proof of benignancy or malignancy. A radiological diagnosis of
      malignancy was shown to be 98-6% reliable. A diagnosis of benignancy was less
      reliable (85-4% true positives) but this was a surgical series containing thereby
      an abnormally high proportion (over a third) of malignant ulcers. A correct
      diagnosis was mde in 99-5% of the proven benign ulcers, but in only 68-6% of the
      proven malignant ulcers. Analysis of the pathology reports on the malignant
      ulcers has shown that it was mainly those arising on the basis of pre-existing
      benign ulcers (i.e. secondarily malignant ulcers) that were wrongly diagnosed
      radiologically, thus suggesting that they have fundamentally different
      radiographic appearance from that of primarily malignant ulcers. It was then
      found that the ulcers could be divided into three simplified radiological types
      based on their in-profile appearances: type 1 (projecting), type 2 (intraluminal)
      and type 3 (so shallow as to be neither projecting nor intraluminal). Statistical
      association with the histological types led to the following conclusions: (a)
      radiological type 2 or 3 ulcers should be diagnosed as almost certainly malignant
      (usually primarily malignant) and (b) radiological type 1 ulcers are almost
      always benign but should be followed up until healed because the rare secondarily
      malignant ulcers are also usually of this type.

PMID- 1201632
TI  - The radiology of the subtalar joint with special reference to talo-calcaneal
      coalition.
AB  - Congenital talo-calcaneal coalition is one of the conditions responsible for
      spastic flat foot. The common site is across the middle talo-calcaneal joint, and
      although routine radiographic views of the foot do not show the coalition,
      important secondary signs may be present. The findings in 17 cases are reviewed,
      the following secondary signs being recognised: 1. A talar beak. 2. Narrowing of
      the posterior talo-calcaneal joint space. 3. Rounding of the lateral process of
      the talus. 4. Failure of visualisation of the middle subtalar joint in the
      lateral view, and 5. Asymmetry of the anterior subtalar joints in the lateral
      oblique vies. The differential diagnosis of these signs is discussed and the
      normal anatomy of the subtalar joints is illustrated. Some diagnostic pitfalls
      are described.

PMID- 1201633
TI  - Pigmented villo-nodular synovitis: bone involvement of the fingers.
AB  - Pigmented villo-nodular synovitis may occur in either diffuse or nodular form. In
      the latter the fingers are the commonest site to be involved. The disease is
      rare, and in only 15% is there bone involvement. Two cases showing bone
      involvement of the fingers are presented. One of the cases (Case 2) adds
      radiological support to the theory of Scott (1968), based on pathological
      studies, that suggested that the bone changes are due to invasion by the villo
      nodular tissue through and along the nutrient foramina. The site of these bone
      changes appears sufficiently typical to be a radiological diagnostic aid. The
      differential diagnosis of the radiological appearances of the disease in the
      digits is discussed.

PMID- 1201634
TI  - Radiological features of the skull in Klinefelter's syndrome and male
      hypogonadism.
AB  - Skull radiographs were performed in 21 cases of Klinefelter's syndrome and in 30
      cases of eunuchoidism. The radiographic changes of the skull in Klinefelter's
      syndrome are: temporal flattening, decreased width of the vault, narrowing of the
      mandible, decreased length of the skull, shortening of the anterior fossa cranii,
      decrease in the angle of the base, thinning of the vault bones at the major
      fontanelle, premature and excessive calcification of the coronal suture,
      deepening of the posterior fossa and shortening of the mandibular rami. In
      hypogonadotropic eunuchoidism the skull radiographs show: small mastoid
      processes, fine bones of the vault, small sella turcica, club-shaped clinoid
      processes, excessive development of sphenoidal sinuses and in the fourth and
      later decades of life a diminished bone density (osteoporosis).

PMID- 1201635
TI  - The skull in gonadal dysgenesis. A roentgenometric study.
AB  - Skull radiographs of 54 patients with Turner's syndrome have been studied. The
      following characteristic findings were frequently noted: mastoid processes of
      definitely decreased dimensions, small facial bones which were proportional to
      the stunted growth of the patients, enlargement and increased thickness of the
      mandible, extensive calcification of the petro-clinoid ligaments, excessive
      pneumatisation of the paranasal sinuses and increased angle of the base of the
      skull.

PMID- 1201636
TI  - Angiography of high cervical extramedullary tumours.
AB  - Vertebral angiography was performed in two cases of extramedullary tumour of the
      upper cervical spine. The technical feasibility and relatively low risk of
      catheter vertebral angiography makes it a useful procedure to be performed in
      addition to myelography in the pre-operative evaluation of such lesions. The
      information thus obtained includes the relationship of the tumour to the
      vertebral arteries and other vital structures, demonstration of the blood supply,
      and evidence as to tumour type.

PMID- 1201637
TI  - Massive unilateral non-functioning hydronephrosis in horseshoe kidney.
AB  - The occurrence of non-function in one half of a horseshoe kidney resulting from
      hydronephrosis can, if unrecognized, create a serious surgical as well as medical
      problem. The anterior position of the ureter in relation to the isthmus, as well
      as strictures and accessory vessels increase the incidence of hydronephrosis,
      which if severe enough, can go on to non-function. The key diagnostic factor is
      the observation of the visualised side, which shows the characteristic
      malrotation of the calyces and the deviation of the long axis of the kidneys;
      these are associated with a mass effect on the obstructed side, with or without a
      'crescent' sign. Five cases of this unusual occurrence are presented.

PMID- 1201638
TI  - The radiological diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy.
AB  - A study was made of the radiological findings in 57 patients with a clinical
      diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy. The ages of the patients ranged from 27 to 72
      years, and females predominated over males in the ratio 4-7 to 1. Renal failure
      varied from mild to very severe and the patients showed the usual high incidence
      of analgesic-induced gastro-intestinal, haematological and neurological
      disorders. In 82% of cases, kidneys were of normal size, but there was
      radiological evidence of reduced renal function in 85%. Thus, a small kidney with
      good renal function was unlikely to be due to analgesic nephropathy. Medullar
      necrosis was observed in 65%, and papillary atrophy and papillary necrosis each
      in 46%. Although usually gradual, acute massive sloughing of necrotic papillae
      could occur and occasionally led to ureteric obstruction. Papillary cavitation
      was seen in 39% but fistulae and ring shadows were observed in only 11% and 14%
      respectively, while renal calcification occurred in 26%. With the use of high
      dose techniques and retrograde pyelography, it is almost always possible to make
      a positive radiological diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy, even in patients with
      markedly reduced renal function.

PMID- 1201639
TI  - Variations in bronchial movement.
AB  - Studies of bronchial movement in bronchi and bronchioles following routine
      bronchography are presented with the aid of a magnification technique. Wide
      variations of calibre were demonstrated on full inspiration and extreme
      expiration, most marked in the smaller bronchi. During coughing, maximal
      differences of width were noted in the larger airways, with little change in the
      smallest bronchi. In order to assess the changes, reference is made to previous
      records when, using a three-channel writing oscillograph, bronchial measurements,
      intra-oesophageal pressures and lung volumes were estimated. Critical examination
      of the borders of the bronchial walls revealed that they were never straight nor
      truly parallel. They had smooth, undulating outlines, which were seen to alter on
      serial films. Irregularities in the airways without disease can be considerable,
      but when destructive changes are present, gross deformities may become apparent.
      With a full inspiratory effort, bronchial walls may be completely extended and
      appear normal, but on radiographs taken on expiration weakness of the bronchial
      wall may be revealed which otherwise would be missed. The inclusion of routine
      expiratory films on all bronchographic examinations is recommended.

PMID- 1201640
TI  - The chest radiograph in ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - In a study of 42 patients with ankylosing spondylitis, upper lobe fibrosis was
      present in six (14-3%) patients. All the patients with upper lobe fibrosis had
      total spinal ankylosis, and half showed peripheral joint involvement. A further
      13 patients (30-9%) had other focal pulmonary abnormalities compared with only
      six (14-3%) of a group of age-matched controls. There was no correlation between
      the radiological extent of the disease (spinal changes and pulmonary involvement)
      and any of the haematological or biochemical parameters measured. Treatment with
      radiotherapy was not responsible for these changes.

PMID- 1201641
TI  - Pulmonary lesions due to opportunist mycobacteria. (Review includes 30 cases of
      M. kansasii infections).
AB  - The apparent increase in the incidence of opportunist mycobacterial pulmonary
      infection is assessed. The clinical, bacteriological and radiological
      characteristics of 34 cases of such infections seen over a period of ten years in
      Sheffield are reviewed. The typical radiological appearances consisting of
      cavities, fibrosis and opacities are described and illustrated. There has been in
      the past conflicting reports on the specificity of such radiological features; it
      is concluded that although such appearances are not pathognomonic, their presence
      should arouse suspicion of such an infection and this should be confirmed or
      refuted by bacteriological investigations.

PMID- 1201642
TI  - Localised aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta.
AB  - The clinical, roentgenographic and aortographic data were reviewed in 12 patients
      with localised descending, thoracic aortic aneurysms. The current study indicates
      that arteriosclerotic peripheral vascular disease not infrequently produced
      localised saccular aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta. Characteristic
      symptomatology was unusual; most aneurysms were detected as incidental
      roentgenographic findings. The aneurysms projected from the posteroloteral aspect
      of the aorta and roentgenographically appeared as left hilar masses or left
      retrocardiac masses when located in the mid and lower descending thoracic aorta,
      respectively. Specific rim calcification or vertebral erosion was not encountered
      in any case. During aortography only a small portion of the aneurysm was outlined
      with contrast material due to partial obliteration of the aneurysmal cavity with
      thrombus.

PMID- 1201643
TI  - Migration of epicardial pacemaker leads.
AB  - The implantation of permanent pacemakers often gives rise to complications.
      Migration of leads, an unusual complication, occurred in two of our patients with
      epicardial pacemakers. In one case lead fracture and sussequent displacement due
      to heart action occurred after an automobile accident. In the second case looping
      and migration of the wire occurred within a day after implantation although the
      lead continued to function properly for six months. The probable cause of
      migration in this patient was excess slack.

PMID- 1201644
TI  - The effect of penta-gastrin and cholecystokinin on radiological gastro
      oesophageal competence.
AB  - Fourteen patients with clinically obvious gastro-oesophageal reflux were examined
      by conventional barium meal radiology. Neither exogenous penta-gastrin nor
      cholecystokinin appeared to influence the radiological competence of the gastro
      oesophageal junction in ten of thos patients. The remaining four patients were
      used as controls and normal saline was injected instead of the active
      preparation. Radiological competence was unaffected. The significance of these
      findings is discussed.

PMID- 1201645
TI  - Multifocal carcinoma of the large intestine.
AB  - Five cases of multifocal carcinoma of the large intestine are described,
      including one multifocal recurrence, the only one described in the literature.
      All of them were recognised radiologically before operation. The importance of a
      thorough examination of the whole colon in suspected cases is stressed, even when
      a single lesion has been demonstrated.

PMID- 1201646
TI  - Sequential liver and biliary tract scanning with 131I labelled Rose Bengal.
AB  - 131I labelled Rose Bengal is offered as an aid for estimating the functional
      state of the liver, gall bladder and patency of the biliary tree. When the tracer
      is injected intravenously, it is cleared from the blood by the polygonal cells of
      the liver, excreted into the bowel and discharged into the duodenum. The
      equipment used was a gamma camera and small digital image processing system with
      area of interest capability. The diagnostic criteria used were those of blood
      retention, maximum hepatic uptake, liver, gall bladder and biliary tree
      visualisation times and time of excretion into the duodenum. Preliminary results
      from the findings in 60 patients of whom 42 were jaundiced are presented to
      demonstrate the ability of the technique to disclose evidence indicating intra-
      or extrahepatic causes of jaudice. Of 33 patients with proven extrahepatic
      obstruction Rose Bengal scanning provided the correct evidence in 31 cases, the
      other two having intermittent obstruction by common bile duct stones. Of the 12
      patients with proven diffuse parenchymal disease the technique disclosed the
      correct evidence in all cases. All four post-cholecystectomy patients with
      recurrence of symptoms showed good visualisation of the duct system and excretion
      into the bowel.

PMID- 1201647
TI  - Correlation of intra-arterial contrast stasis with flow patterns at
      constrictions, branches and bends: an experimental model.
AB  - Flow patterns at bends and branches have been studied in an easily constructed
      open channel model so as to determine whether zones of stasis and poor mixing at
      constrictions, bends and branches can be correlated with certain arteriographic
      appearances. At bends, spiral flow lines and static zones occur which resemble
      those seen occasionally in the aortic arch and carotid siphon. At branches,
      stasis occurs on the outer walls of the branch mouths both in the experiments and
      arteriography, and constrictions easily produce downstream stasis, previously
      demonstrated in both arteries and open-channel experiments. Upstream stasis, not
      previously recorded, can also occur in arteries and model associated with severe
      constrictions. Occasionally stasis may extend along the whole length of one wall
      of a vessel when there is a downstream constriction, resembling arteriographic
      appearances seen in the internal carotid artery in patients with raised
      intracranial pressure, in those undergoin hyperventilation and also in coronary
      and other arteries. Despite known rheological differences between blood and
      water, the experimental findings are thought to be meaningful, and to indicate
      that there are within arteries, areas where turbulent mixing forces are weak or
      absent, resulting in arterial stasis.

PMID- 1201648
TI  - Vulval phlebography in the pelvic congestion syndrome.
AB  - Twelve patients referred to a general surgeon with special interest in varicose
      veins were found to have vulval varices. All the patients were considered to be
      suffering from the pelvic congestion syndrome. Their radiological investigation
      by percutaneous vulval phlebography is described. It is suggested that patients
      with vulval varices should be examined radiologically by percutaneous vulval vein
      injection of contrast medium. It is postulated that pelvic vein thrombosis may
      precipitate the pelvic congestion syndrome. Whereas there is no established
      treatment of this syndrome, the radiological examination has proved helpful in
      planning the treatment of these patients.

PMID- 1201649
TI  - The appearances of artefacts on lower limb phlebograms.
AB  - The various artefacts that may be encountered in phlebograms and which may be
      confused with thrombus are described. Methods of avoiding these pitfalls are
      discussed. the conclusions are based on over 2500 phlebograms carried out for
      suspected deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1201651
TI  - Choroidal metastases from breast carcinoma: a survey of 42 patients and the use
      of radiation therapy.
AB  - Visual disturbances in patients with breast carcinoma may result from choroidal
      metastases. Metastases were bilateral in 41% of patients and the choroid was the
      first site of metastasis in 25%. Therefore awareness of this 'rare' condition is
      essential for any doctor seeing patients with breast cancer; consultation with an
      ophthalmologist and radiotherapist is mandatory. Radiation therapy is the
      treatment of choice, producing an 80% response rate (complete resolution in 25%).
      The final catastrophe of blindness in these patients can be prevented.

PMID- 1201650
TI  - Large subarticular cysts (geodes) adjacent to the knee-joint in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis are described, who developed very large
      bone cysts or geodes adjacent to the knee-joint. The existence of cysts adjacent
      to joints involved by rheumatoid arthritis is well recognised, but the occurrence
      of very large cysts is unusual and may present diagnostic difficulties. Possible
      aetiological factors are discussed.

PMID- 1201652
TI  - Initial experience with a small dedicated computer system in a diagnostic x-ray
      department.
AB  - The operation of a small computer system involved in day to day management in an
      X-ray department is described. The system consists of the following equipment:
      PDP 8/F central processor with 8K core storage, 32K magnetic disc storage, High
      speed paper tape reader (300 characters/s) and punch (50 characters/s), 3
      Olivetti TE318 terminals with sprocket feed, paper tape reader and punch (10
      characters/s). The system stores patient data relating to name, address, age,
      ward, referring physician, examination(s) requested, date of request, date of
      examination, date of report. From this data a large volume of relevant statistics
      is made available to the department and to the health authority. Labels for
      identifying record card, film envelope and X-ray films are automatically typed.
      During reporting coded phrases can be used by the radiologist. Interesting films
      can be recorded and recalled for library or consultation purposes as can research
      items. At report typing stage, the report heading is automatically recalled from
      the computer store. Coded phrases are typed automatically as is the radiologist's
      name and the date of the report. A 'DAYBOOK' IS TYPED AUTOMatically at the end of
      each working day. Problems encountered in running the system and future
      developments are described.

PMID- 1201653
TI  - A general program to estimate gene-frequencies by the method of maximum
      likelihood.
AB  - The program estimates the optimal gene-frequencies from observed values of
      phenotypes by the method of maximum-likelihood. The program does not make
      assumptions about a specific blood-group-system. This information has to be
      supplied by input cards. A straightforward iteration process is used for
      obtaining initial estimates for the gene-frequencies in question. Then an
      iterative application of the Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the maximum
      likelihood equations. The program yields the gene-frequencies and their standard
      deviations, expected values of the phenotypes, expected values of the genotypes.
      Finally the chi-square between observed frequencies and (optimal) expected values
      of phenotypes is computed.

PMID- 1201654
TI  - A conversational program for analytical modelling of action potentials in nerve
      and muscle.
AB  - A conversational program is described which is being used for exploratory
      modelling of digestive tract electrical activity. The structure of the
      mathematical model is based on the Hodgkin-Huxley equations for nerve axons and
      the Noble equations for Purkinje fibres of the heart. The parameters of the
      models are changed conversationally to investigate the effects of frequency,
      amplitude and waveshape. In this way it is intended to extend the models to
      include nervous control. The program is also being used to correlate the
      behaviour of H-H type equations with the simpler dynamics of Van der Pol's
      equation which is the basis of an oscillator-array model for the stomach and
      small intestines.

PMID- 1201655
TI  - A set of fortran subroutines for optimizing radiotherapy plans.
AB  - Quadratic Programming techniques have been applied to the optimization of
      radiation field weighting in Radiotherapy planning. Wedge selection has also been
      included by means of an exhaustive search. The radiation dose at any point in the
      patient may be constrained to be less than a stated percentage of the tumour
      dose. The routines have been successfully interfaced into a small computer
      interactive planning system, but they could represent an even more powerful tool
      in batch and time sharing systems. Minimum operator intervention is required in
      their use.

PMID- 1201656
TI  - Application of a programmable pocket calculator to a single compartment
      mathematical model of solute kinetics.
AB  - A single compartment mathematical model has been applied to kinetics of small
      solutes (urea and creatinine) in dialysis therapy. The model can be described by
      two equations requiring iterative solution of calculated values, given several
      measurable variables. The equations have been programmed onto a Hewlett-Packard
      65 pocket calculator and recorded on 3 X 1/2" magnetic strips, facilitating
      clinical application to dialysis therapy.

PMID- 1201657
TI  - Hemodynamic patterns in shock and critically ill patients.
AB  - Nine variables were studied in 56 patients to analyze hemodynamic patterns of
      critically ill and shock patients. The variables were central venous pressure,
      mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac index, left ventricular stroke work,
      strok index, total peripheral resistance, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and
      oxygen consumption. We observed six patterns; three with low cardiac index
      (hypodynamic) and three with high cardiac index (hyperdynamic). Group IA: Low
      cardiac index with increased central venous pressure and arteriovenous oxygen
      differences associated with myocardial infarction, cardiac insufficiency, and
      postoperative cardiac surgery: Group IB: Low cardiac index with normal
      arteriovenous oxygen difference associated with myocardial infarction or
      hypovolemia. Group IC: Low cardiac index and decreased arteriovenous oxygen
      difference in patients with hypodynamic septic shock. Group IID: High cardiac
      index and increased arteriovenous oxygen difference in patients with sepsis and
      stable hemodynamic conditions. Groups IIE and IIF: Increased cardiac index and
      normal or increased arteriovenous oxygen difference in septic patients, who were
      hemodymamically unstable or in shock. These hemodynamic observations were found
      to be useful for understanding physiological compensations, for deciding on
      therapy, and in evaluating the effectiveness of therapy.

PMID- 1201658
TI  - The therapeutic intervention scoring system. An application to acutely ill cancer
      patients.
AB  - The Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS) has been introduced (Cullen
      DJ, Civetta JM, Briggs BA, et al: Therapeutic intervention scoring system: A
      method for quantitative comparison of patient care. Crit Care Med 2:57-60, 1974)
      at the Massachusetts General Hospital as a means of quantifying the medical and
      nursing care required by critically ill patients. The method has been instituted
      in the Intensive Care Unit of Memorial Cancer Center to evaluate its
      applicability to patients who develop life-threatening complications of their
      disease or its treatment. This is a preliminary report of the system's use in 55
      consecutive patients who averaged 33.4 intervention points per day. This average
      compares closely with that of postcardiac surgery patients (31.8 points), the
      group that required the most care of all patients in the initial study. The
      results indicate the usefulness of this sytem in evaluating severity of illness,
      predicting survival, and assessing cost benefits. It has proven to be a simple
      and accurate method of assessment when simple and accurate method of assessment
      when applied to this patient population, but certain modifications seem warranted
      and have been suggested herein.

PMID- 1201660
TI  - Critical care problems of the newborn: insensible water loss in small premature
      infants.
AB  - During the control period in this study, small premature infants, 1500 g in birth
      weight, had insensible water loss (IWL) of 2.28 g/kg/hr (equivlaent to 54
      ml/kg/day), which is considerably higher than in full term infants. Under
      phototherapy, there was a significant increase in IWL (3.14 g/kg/hr) associated
      with increase of skin and rectal temperature. The heart rate and respiratory
      rates were comparable. Full term infants in stress situations such as
      phototherapy can compensate for water losses by increasing oral intake. In small
      premature infants, reliance must be placed upon increased amounts of parenteral
      fluids when under phototherapy.

PMID- 1201659
TI  - Experience with a multidisciplinary critical care center in a community hospital.
AB  - A multidisciplinary intensive care unit has been developed in a community
      hospital by planning techniques which are still not common in the hospital
      development environment. The resulting Acute Care Center has special attributes,
      especially in ongoing professional educational and consultation support, in
      continuous physician staffing aroung the clock, in equipment and in operational
      policies. The net result appears to be the provision of a higher standard of
      patient care, a lower mortality rate for the critically ill patient, and various
      cost benefits. The concepts and policies involved are being met with increasing
      acceptance in the local medical community.

PMID- 1201661
TI  - Preferences of infants for regular and distorted facial stimuli.
AB  - Kagan (1970a) and Lewis (1969) have proposed that infant preferences for regular
      and distorted face stimuli are determined by schema development. In order to test
      the schema model's predictions of infant preferences, changes in the
      methodological and statistical procedures of past research are necessary. Infants
      3-14 months of age were tested for facial preferences using an operant response.
      The Coombs analysis showed that the predicted age changes in preferences for
      facial organization were not found. The preference data were interpreted as being
      based on stimulus variables other than the realism variables hypothesized by
      schema-model theorists.

PMID- 1201662
TI  - The relation between nonnutritive sucking and visual information processing in
      the human newborn.
AB  - This paper considers the relation between visual information processing and the
      burst-pause pattern of nonnutritive sucking in the human infant. Sucking and
      visual scanning activity were investigated in 2 independent studies. The results
      did not support the view that sucking is affected by ongoing processing activity.
      It is argued that previously reported effects of processing on sucking reflect a
      phasic component of the orientation reaction (OR) to stimuli, not a sustained
      processing of those stimuli. Additionally, no existing evidence supports the idea
      that the components of the natural burst-pause pattern of sucking differentially
      affect information processing in the human newborn.

PMID- 1201664
TI  - Development of gender constancy and selective attention to same-sex models.
AB  - 4 developmental levels of gender constancy were identified in 55 preschool-age
      children on the basis of a reproducible Guttman scale of answers to sets of
      questions pertaining to gender identity, gender stability over time, and gender
      consistency across situations. Children's developmental level of gender constancy
      was predictive of the amount and the proportion of time they attended to an adult
      male and an adult female film model. As boys developed gender constancy, their
      relative preference for watching the male model increased significantly; as girls
      developed gender constancy, their relative preference for watching the female
      model increased, though not significantly. At the more advanced levels of gender
      constancy, boys watched the male model more than did girls. It was suggested that
      same-sex social learning may develop as a function of children's cognitive
      understanding of gender as an identifiable, stable and consistent human
      attribute.

PMID- 1201663
TI  - Perceptual training of height and brightness seriation in kindergarten children.
AB  - A study of seriation was conducted from the perspective of Gibson's theory of
      perceptual development. Kindergarten children who evidenced little seriation of
      height or brightness were assigned to either 1 of 3 perceptual training
      conditions or to a fourth, control condition. Training consisted of nonreinforced
      same-different judgments to wooden dowels varying in height, or in brightness, or
      simultaneously in height and brightness. The theoretical rationale for this
      training was that it would facilitate perception of the stimulus dimension(s) on
      which the dowels differed. It was found that perceptual training did facilitate
      seriation, particularly if both the height and brightness dimensions varied
      simultaneously in training.

PMID- 1201665
TI  - The function of shifting fixations in the visual perception of infants.
AB  - The processes underlying infants' shifts of fixation from 1 stimulus to another
      were explored in 3 studies. The results suggest that infants 3 months and older
      shift more when the 2 stimuli of a pair are similar than when they are different.
      Shifting is affected by stimulus repetition as well. There were age differences
      in the number of shifts per trial, with older infants shifting more. The
      possibility that shifting may facilitate stimulus recognition is discussed.

PMID- 1201666
TI  - Effects of varying laboratory conditions on behavioral-state organization in two-
      and eight-week-old infants.
AB  - Previous studies have found that laboratory conditions influence sleep-waking
      behavior in older infants, children, and adults. The present study employed
      videotape recordings to monitor continuous 24-hr sleep-waking activity in 2- and
      8-week-old infants before, during, and after 12 hr of polygraphic recordings.
      Sleep- and waking-state organization were affected by laboratory conditions. At
      both age levels, increased fussy-crying and decreased alertness occurred during
      the first 4 hr in the laboratory when they were video recorded only and during
      the first 4 hr that the leads were in place. Decreased fussy-crying and increased
      alertness were noted in the following periods, indicating adaptation. Latency to
      sleep was shorter, and drowsiness increased and active sleep decreased while the
      leads were in place. At 8 weeks, quiet sleep increased and active sleep decreased
      while the leads were in place. These data suggest that the unfamiliar laboratory
      conditions inherent in both observational and polygraphic studies are stressful
      and that time for adaptation is needed.

PMID- 1201667
TI  - Behavior of narcotics-addicted newborns.
AB  - The behavior of narcotics-addicted and nonaddicted newborns on the first 2 days
      of life was assessed with the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. In
      addition to classic signs of narcotics abstinence, addicted infants were less
      able to be maintained in an alert state and less able to orient to auditory and
      visual stimuli. These deficits were especially pronounced at 48 hours of age.
      Addicted infants were as capable of self-quieting and responding to soothing
      intervention as normal neonates, although they were substantially more irritable.
      These characteristics and addicted infants' greater resistance to cuddling are
      discussed in terms of their potential impact on early infant-care-giver
      interaction.

PMID- 1201668
TI  - Children's use of motives and intentionality in person perception and moral
      judgement.
AB  - Preschool, second-, and fifth-grade children watched films and heard stories
      which portrayed an actor who intentionally or accidentally injured another for
      either good or bad motives. After each film or story, children were interviewed
      to determine their understanding of the actor motives and the intentionality of
      his act and their moral judgements. The results suggest that children of all ages
      understood the concepts of motive and intentionality, but that the ability to
      make accurate inferences about motives and intentionality develops with age.
      Motives affected children's evaluations at all ages, but intentionality affected
      only grade school children's evaluations. The results for moral judgment were
      discussed in terms of a theory which included features of both cognitive
      developmental and social learning explanations of moral development.

PMID- 1201669
TI  - Perceptual discriminability and communication performance in preschool children.
AB  - The ability of preschool children to discriminate perceptually among novel forms
      frequently employed in referential communication tasks is examined. Results
      suggest that preschool children who are able to discriminate among the forms
      nevertheless perform poorly on a referential communication task involving these
      same forms. Asking children to provide names for the forms enhanced their
      discrimination performance but not their communication performance.

PMID- 1201670
TI  - A test of the poor leader-member relation cells of the contingency model on
      elementary school children.
AB  - The problem was to investigate the 4 poor leader-membrane relation cells of
      Fiedler's contingency model on fourth-grade elementary school groups. High and
      low least-preferred co-worker (LPC) leaders with strong and weak power were
      compared on structured and unstructured group tasks. When the task was
      structured, high LPC leaders were more effective than low regardless of position
      power. For the unstructured task, high LPC leaders were more effective than low
      for strong position power on 2 of 4 measures used, while low LPC leaders were
      more effective than high for weak position power on 1 of 4 measures.

PMID- 1201671
TI  - Intentionality, degree of damage, and moral judgments.
AB  - 153 first graders were given Piagetian moral judgment problems with a new
      simplified methodology as well as the usual story-pair paradigm. The new
      methodology involved making quantitative judgments about single stories and
      examined the influence of level of intentionality and degree of damage upon
      absolute punishment ratings. Contrary to results obtained with a story-pair
      methodology, it was found that with single stories even 6-year-old children
      responded to the level of intention in the stories as well as the quantity and
      quality of damage involved. This suggested that Piaget's methodology may be
      forcing children to employ a simplifying strategy while under other conditions
      they are able to perform the mental operations necessary to make complex moral
      judgments.

PMID- 1201672
TI  - Developmental differences in children's preferences for high- and low-arousing
      forms of contact stimulation.
AB  - In a 2-choice preference situation involving the availability of adult
      administered cuddling versus tickling stimulation, overall preferences for
      cuddling steadily decreased across 4 groups of children from 3 to 7 years of age.
      This developmental decrease was most prevalent, for both boys and girls, when the
      contact agents were a female cuddler versus a male tickler. The reversal of these
      contact-sex roles (female tickler vs. male cuddler) did not affect the
      developmental preference for less cuddling stimulation of the 3 oldest groups of
      girls; however, the youngest girls now avoided male cuddlers, while the boys were
      found to prefer male cuddlers at all 4 age levels.

PMID- 1201673
TI  - Dimensional salience and judgments of bigness by three-year-old children.
AB  - 3-year-olds were shown triads of rectangles and asked to select the "big" one,
      where the biggest rectangle in each triad was neither the tallest nor the widest.
      Dimensional salience and response choice were highly related. In addition, as
      saliency of a particular dimension increased relative to the other dimension,
      significantly more responses were based on that dimension. The results support
      the notion that the young child does not rely on 1 specific dimension to make
      judgments of bigness but, rather, attends to the most salient differences among
      stimuli.

PMID- 1201674
TI  - Visual information-processing speed in reflective and impulsive children.
AB  - A backward-masking procedure was used to measure the rate of visual information
      processing in 8- and 10-year-old reflective and impulsive children. The test
      stimulus (TS) and the masking stimulus (MS) which followed it were presented
      tachistoscopially. The subject's information-processing threshold was defined as
      the next highest TS-MS interval above the interval where at least 3 of the 4 TSs
      were incorrectly identified. Reflective children were significantly faster than
      impulsive children at processing information. This finding was related to
      research indicating that reflective and impulsive children employ similar
      cognitive strategies; it was suggested that performance differences between these
      children might be related to reflective children employing their strategies with
      more adequate information.

PMID- 1201675
TI  - [Surgical treatment of Dupuytren's contracture without suturing].

PMID- 1201676
TI  - [Reconstruction of peripheral nerves through free transplantation].

PMID- 1201677
TI  - [Luxations and fracture in the region of the hand].

PMID- 1201678
TI  - [Indications and surgical technic for the correction of funnel chest and its
      results].
AB  - Treatment of funnel chest is only successful by surgical means. 425 funnel chest
      operations have been performed between 1956 and 1974 at the Surgical and
      Paediatric Surgical Department of the University Erlangen-Nurnberg. Different
      types of operative procedures have been compared with each other. The internal
      fixation of the elevated funnel chest with a metal strut is an operative
      procedure with the lowest infection rate, with less recurrences and the best
      anatomical and cosmetic results. The surgical procedure involves a double
      incision of the ribs parasternally and at the borderline of the funnel, the
      mobilised ventral part of the chest is elevated by a metal strut to an
      anatomically normal position. 235 patients have been operated on by this method.
      In 7% a local wound infection occured, there was one total recurrence and 15
      partial recurrences. 4 years after operation 75% of the patients had an
      anatomically normal and well developed chest with an excellent cosmetic result.

PMID- 1201679
TI  - [Clinical picture and treatment of carcinoid of the appendix].
AB  - The clinical syndrome of a carcinoid tumor of the appendix is presented in 7 such
      cases. In spite of its slow growth and late metastatic dissemination iliocoecal
      resection must be performed dependent on the extent and location of the tumor.

PMID- 1201681
TI  - [Duckbill fractures of the tuber calcanei, etiology and treatment].
AB  - This report is of two cases of tuber calcanei fractures (fractures of group I
      according to Bohler). In one case the fracture occured after direct trauma, in
      the other after an uncorrdinated maximal contraction of the triceps muscle. The
      different origins of this type of fracture are discussed and the reported cases
      in the literature are reviewed. Both fractures were treated by osteosynthesis.
      Immediate operation is indicated because problems in the surrounding soft tissues
      are to be expected.

PMID- 1201680
TI  - [Injuries of the rectum in barium contrast enema].
AB  - Perforation of the rectum during a barium enema can be catastrophic. Most reports
      and in our experience too, the lethality in these patients is more than 50%. This
      effect of barium is not widely appreciated. Injections of barium sulfate with
      faeces, of commercial barium both sterile and unsterile into the peritoneal
      cavity and barium perforation were fatal in 20--48 hours in the dog without
      further treatment. This study shows that the repair of a barium perforation
      should be considered as one of the most important emergency procedures. Operative
      methods and problems are described.

PMID- 1201682
TI  - Intraspecific karyotypic differentiation in the Australian phasmatid Didymuria
      violescens (Leach). I. The chromosome races and their structural and evolutionary
      relationships.
AB  - The phasmatid species Didymuria violescens comprises ten distinct chromosome
      races parapatrically distributed such that adjacent races meet in narrow zones of
      overlap. The interracial karyotypic variation is remarkable and involves both
      diploid number differences (in the range 26-40) and differences in the sex
      chromosome mechanism. Karyotypic comparisons and analyses of the meiotic pairing
      relationships in interracial hybirds have shown that the differences derive in
      large part from a series of centric fusion events and X-autosome fusions, which
      together contribute to the reduction in chromosome number within the species. The
      origin and development of the current racial pattern can best be interpreted in
      terms of the stasipatric hypothesis of White.

PMID- 1201683
TI  - The mitotic chromosomes of Notophthalmus (=Triturus) viridescens: localization of
      C banding regions and DNA sequences complementary to 18S, 28S and 5S ribosomal
      RNA.
AB  - The metaphase chromosomes of Notophthalmus (Triturus) viridescens have been
      studied by C-banding and in situ hybridization. The chromosomes show the
      pericentric C-banding seen in many organisms and in addition have interstitial C
      bands located a short distance from the pericentric C-bands on each chromosome
      arm. A few C-bands are seen in telomeric regions. Regions which hybridize in situ
      with 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA were found on three chromosome pairs. The animals
      studied fell into three groups with respect to which of the six possible sites
      showed detectable hybridization with 18S and 28S RNA. Individual animals differed
      not only in the pattern of in situ hybridization of ribosomal RNA but also in the
      number of ribosomal RNA cistrons in the genome as measured by saturation
      hybridization on purified DNA. In situ hybridization showed five pairs of
      chromosomes which contained DNA complementary to 5S RNA. The four pairs of
      subtelocentric chromosomes in the N. viridescens karyotype all have 5S DNA in the
      pericentric regions. The fifth cluster of 5S DNA is in the middle of one arm of
      the chromosomes in one of the two smallest submetacentric pairs in the genome.
      The five sites of 5S DNA differ markedly in the level of in situ hybridization
      with 5S cRNA.

PMID- 1201684
TI  - Identification of the lampbrush chromosome loops which transcribe 5S ribosomal
      RNA in Notophthalmus (Triturus) viridescens.
AB  - The loops which transcribe 5S ribosomal RNA in lampbrush chromosomes of the newt,
      Notophthalmus (Triturus) viridescens, were identified by hybridizing purified 5S
      DNA to nascent 5S RNA in situ. The genes which code for 5S RNA were found near
      the centromeres of chromosomes 1, 2, 6, and 7 by hybridizing iodinated 5S RNA to
      denatured lampbrush and mitotic chromosomes in situ. These genes and their
      intervening spacer DNA were isolated from Xenopus laevis using sequential silver
      cesium sulfate equilibrium centrifugations. This purified 5S DNA was iodinated
      and hybridized to non-denatured lampbrush chromosomes in situ, where it bound to
      nascent 5S RNA on loops at the base of the centromeres of chromosomes 1, 2, 6,
      and 7. The number of 5S genes present in the haploid chromosome complement of N.
      viridescens was determined. - The 5S loops were chosen for study, since (1) the
      synthesis of 5S RNA has been demonstrated during the lampbrush stage, (2) both 5S
      RNA and 5S DNA could be isolated in pure form, and (3) the localization of the
      repetitive 5S genes could be verified by conventional in situ hybridization
      procedures. These methods may be applicable to the identification of other loops,
      leading to a better understanding of lampbrush chromosome function.

PMID- 1201685
TI  - Q-, C-, and G-banding patterns in the germ-line and somatic chromosomes of
      Miastor sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyidae).
AB  - Q-, C-, and G-banding patterns are described for the germ-line and somatic
      chromosomes of Miastor sp. The chromosome number in the germ line is 36, which is
      3 less than that previously reported for the same cultured line 18 years ago.
      There are 8 chromosome groups: 8 large acrocentrics, 11 large and medium
      submetacentrics, 4 medium metacentrics, 4 medium subtelocentrics, 6 medium
      telocentrics, one medium acrocentric, one small submetacentric, and one small
      telocentric. All 8 large acrocentrics have a Q-band and an interstitial C-band in
      the short arm, suggesting that these chromosomes are at least partially
      homologous (or homeologous) and that the germ line originally was polyploid. Only
      one other germ-line chromosome, the small submetacentric, has a Q-band and an
      interstitial C-band. In somatic cells there are 8 chromosomes, 28 chromosomes
      having been eliminated during early cleavage. Three of the four pairs of somatic
      chromosomes are heteromorphic, despite the indications of a polyploid origin of
      the germ-line chromosomes and despite the presence of somatic pairing.
      Furthermore, there is a great deal of restriction on which chromosomes are
      retained in somatic cells, and it may be that the same 8 chromosomes are retained
      by all embryos. The G-banding pattern is not as clear as the other two banding
      patterns. The findings are discussed in relation to observations in other
      cecidomyids, and a model for the evolution of the chromosome system of Miastor is
      presented.

PMID- 1201686
TI  - Independent replication of the ribosomal RNA genes in the polytrophic-meroistic
      ovaries of Calliphora erythrocephala, Drosophila hydei, and Sarcophaga barbata.
AB  - By filter saturation hybridizations the ribosomal (r)DNA contents of the ovaries
      Calliphora erythrocephala, Drosophila hydei, and Sarcophaga barbata have been
      measured in comparison to the rDNA percentages of their diploid brains. The
      measurements of the ovarian rDNA have been carried out on ovaries where the nurse
      cells in the distal egg chamber of the ovarioles had reached their highest ploidy
      level. The diploid rDNA content of each of the respective species was chosen as a
      100% standard and the rDNA amounts of the ovaries were related to this 100%
      level. The results show that the ovaries of C. erythrocephala contain 135% rDNA
      whereas the rDNA contents in the ovaries of D. hydei and S. barbata are only 51%
      and 47%, respectively. Measurements carried out on isolated nuclei of the nurse
      cells and follicle cells in D. hydei show that both have a reduced rDNA content
      in comparison to the brains (45% and 70%, respectively). The data are discussed
      in relation to the problem of an rDNA amplification in the germ cells and an rDNA
      underreplication in polyploid nuclei.

PMID- 1201687
TI  - Nucleolar RNA synthesis of meiotic prophase spermatocytes in the human testis.
AB  - Human meiotic prophase spermatocyte nuclei were studied by electron microscope
      autoradiography after a 3 hours 3H-uridine labeling pulse, followed by
      postincubation in non-radioactive medium. In autosomes, 3H-uridine nucleolar
      labeling reaches a peak during early-middle zygotene  prior to the peak labeling
      of chromosmal RNA species at middle pachytene. Transcription activities of sex
      chromosomes are inconspicuous when compared with that of autosomes. An increasing
      condensation of nucleolar-associated chromatin in acrocentric bivalents
      contributes to the formation of basal knobs in human pachytene spermatocytes.
      Upon completion of knob formation, nucleolar components segregate and the uptake
      of 3H-uridine decreases. These findings suggest that the template capability of
      ribosomal DNA cistrons, located next to the basal knob region, is largely
      associated with a dispersed state of chromatin whereas increased chromatin
      condensation is correlated with a restriction of ribosomal RNA transcription.

PMID- 1201688
TI  - Replication of DNA in mammalian chromosomes. III. Size and RNA content of Okazaki
      fragments.
AB  - A study of sedimentation and buoyant density of Okazaki fragments from mammalian
      chromosomes along with electron microscopic studies indicate that fragments from
      about 200 to 1200 nucleotides long may have RNA segments covalently attached. The
      fragments in some CsCl isopycnic gradients banded in two rather distinct bands.
      One band corresponds to the density of single-stranded DNA, but the other has a
      higher buoyant density which could be conferred by a segment of RNA up to 180
      nucleotides or more in length. The RNA was not removed by denaturing conditions
      which separated DNA strands consisting of several thousand nucleotide pairs. When
      the material of higher buoyant density was spread for electron microscopy under
      conditions which would extend single-stranded DNA chains,  but leave RNA in a
      coil or bush the chains with a higher buoyant density usually had a bush attached
      at one end. Under conditions that were thought to favor gap filling over chain
      elongation near growing forks, the DNA produced by pulse labeling with
      bromodeoxyuridine had a buoyant density which would indicate substitution to
      about 15 percent in one chain. If this substitution represents filling of gaps
      occupied by RNA before the pulse, the segments would be about 180 nucleotides in
      length assuming about 1,000 nucleotides between each segment.

PMID- 1201689
TI  - Chromosomal basis of dosage compensation in Drosophila VIII. Faster replication
      and hyperactivity of both arms of the X-chromosome in males of Drosophila
      pseudoobscura and their possible significance.
AB  - 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine labeling patterns of the X-chromosome arms of
      Drosophila pseudoobscura have been examined autoradiographically. Results show
      that in all phases of replication, namely, initial, middle and terminal, both
      arms of the X-chromosome in the male are advanced by one or two steps of 3H
      thymidine labeling in comparison with the autosomes, and both arms in the female
      show more or less similar labeling profile as the autosomes. Both the arms in the
      male show pale stainability and enlarged width ratio, as reported in other
      species. The 3H-uridine labeling patterns also reveal that both arms in the male
      incorporate twice as much precursor as the individual X in the female. Results,
      therefore, suggest that both arms of the X in D. pseudoobscura are faster
      replicating and hyperactive in the male, although it is considered that XL is
      homologous to the X and XR to part of the third chromosome of D. melanogaster.

PMID- 1201690
TI  - Studies on Macronuclear DNA from Paramecium aurelia.
AB  - Macronuclear DNA was isolated from purified macronuclei of Paramecium aurelia and
      the size distribution was determined with regard to growth phase and method of
      extraction. DNA molecules as long as 105 microns and as short as 0.2 microns were
      observed. It was concluded that the method of extraction affected the observed
      length of DNA extracted and that macronuclear DNA isolated from cells in balanced
      growth was less susceptible to nuclease degradation than was DNA isolated from
      cells in stationary phase. Renaturation studies were performed on macronuclear
      DNA and a kinetic complexity of 22-times E. coli DNA was determined. This value
      was similar to those values reported for Tetrahymena and Stylonychia macronuclear
      DNA. Correcting for GC base content yielded a kinetic complexity for Paramecium
      macronuclear DNA  of 11-times E. coli DNA which corresponded to 3 X 10(10)
      daltons. There would be about 1400 copies of a unit genome of this complexity
      within each newly replicated macronucleus. Density gradient analysis indicated
      that the genes coding for ribosomal RNA had a greater density in CsCl than the
      bulk DNA. Molecular hybridization studies indicated that the genes coding for 25
      S RNA represented 0.14 percent of the total macronuclear DNA. Correcting for GC
      base content, this corresponded to 30-35 25 S RNA genes per unit genome. These
      results on Paramecium are discussed in relationship to other ciliate macronuclear
      DNA.

PMID- 1201691
TI  - Genes controlling chromosome activity; the role of genes blocking Y-lampbrush
      loop propagation.
AB  - Characterization of two more X-linked Y-affecting mutations in D. hydei is
      presented; ms(1) XL24 is less extreme than the previously described mutation,
      ms(1)XL2, but its general effect on the propagation of Y-lampbrush loops is
      similar qualitatively; ms(1)XL24 is located at the distal end of the X-chromosome
      and associated with a suppressor-of-white phenotype. The other X-linked sterile,
      ms(1)XL4, is the least extreme of the three mutations examined to date. It is
      recessive, located ca 2 c.o. units to the right of white, and causes different
      patterns of Y loop response. -- From a comparison of the effects of the three
      single mutations, as well as from the analysis of the various double-sterile
      combinations, we surmise that: 1) if specific activator genes for the Y-lampbrush
      loops do exist, they are not likely to be located on the X-chromosome of
      Drosophila; 2) every lampbrush loop is composed of several functional repeats,
      each of which operates when unfolded; 3) the Y-affecting mutations arrest
      preferentially, but not exclusively or specifically Y-lampbrush loop propagation
      probably indirectly through their independent metabolic effects. Since the
      mutations are not specific for germ line cells, and exhibit various pleiotropic
      effects, especially with regard to viability, they should be considered tissue
      conditional lethals.

PMID- 1201692
TI  - Entrainment analysis of the circadian locomotor activity rhythm in specimens of
      the crayfish, Faxonella clypeata, having activity peaks at different times of the
      solar day.
AB  - Locomotor activity rhythms in the crayfish, Faxonella clypeata, were recorded
      under conditions of controlled light and temperature. In LD 12:12, dark active
      rhythms with a major activity onset at lights-off, and bimodally active rhythms
      with onsets at both lights-on and lights-off were recorded. In DD, most of the LD
      dark active rhythms retained the lights-off activity onset. However, among the
      majority of the LD bimodally active crayfish, only the lights-on activity peak
      persisted in DD. A small number of the LD bimodal rhythms remained bimodal in DD.
      DD records revealed free-running period lengths both greater and less than 24
      hrs. An hypothesis stating that the two recorded LD rhythms represent two
      basically different rhythmic types is presented. The dark active crayfish appear
      to entrain to the lights-off position, but the bimodally rhythmic crayfish appear
      to entrain to the lights-on position.

PMID- 1201693
TI  - Relative value of light and food as synchronizers of liver phosphorylase
      circadian rhythm.
AB  - The role played by light and feeding schedules on the circadian rhythm of
      glycogen content and phosphorylase activity of the liver has been studied. In one
      experiment, mice were subjected to a regimem of constant darkness during 21 days
      and compared with mice kept in 12 hrs of light alternating with 12 hrs of
      darkness. Both groups received food and water ad libitum. Liver glycogen content
      as well as phosphorylase activity showed, with slight differences, similar
      circadian variations. In a second experiment, mice under similar lighting
      conditions (LD 12:12), with water access ad libitum, were divided into two
      groups; one was offered food ad libitum while the other group recieved food from
      0700 to 1800 only. This experiment allowed up to compare two different schedules
      of food intake; ad libitum, normal schedule (from 1800 to 0600) and reversed
      schedule (from 0700 to 1800). A complete reversal of the circadian rhythm was
      observed after 21 days in the group with the reverted feeding schedule. We
      conclude that food can function as the primary synchronizer in spite of the
      lighting regimen.

PMID- 1201694
TI  - Retinal pigment epithelium dystrophy in central serous detachment of sensory
      epithelium.
AB  - The incidence of central serous neuro-epithelial detachment in the polulation
      living in the health district Prague-10 was found to be one in 22,000 inhabitants
      a year. The cases were classified into three types: A. Inkblot diffusion 60%; B.
      upward diffusion 25%; C. congregation type 15%. The site of leakage was usually
      in the upper part of the detached retina or slightly below the horizontal line.
      Relapses were observed in 16 out of 79 patients, 20%, usually stemming from the
      original leak. The average re-attachment time was 98 days. In 10% a chronic
      course led to extensive dystrophy of the pigment epithelium.

PMID- 1201695
TI  - On slit-lamp microscopy.
AB  - Theoretically the contact lens with a refractive power of -64 dioptres is
      superior to the concave pre-set lens (Hruby lens) or the convex lens (Bayadi). In
      practice the results are as follows: With the convex lens the examination of the
      vitreous is unsatisfactory. The reversed image with the convex lens will become
      familiar with some experience as one will also get used to the mirror images of
      the three-mirror contact lens. However, the abnormal curvature of the image is
      really a nuisance. On the other hand the large field of view is an advantage. The
      convex lens is only practically useful when it can be firmly attached to the slit
      lamp microscope, as otherwise the new adjustment necessary for searching the
      fundus is too difficult. Attachment to the microscope is also of advantage with
      the Hruby lens. The concave contact lens of 64 dioptres is best suited for
      detailed examination of vitreous and fundus and for measurements. When no value
      is placed on a minute examination and a quick simple orientation suffices, the
      concave pre-set lens (Hruby lens) has the advantage that the lens does not have
      to be placed on the eye. If it is centred to the middle axis of the microscope,
      it facilitates especially quick observation. There will be cases where the pre
      set lens will be the only answer, especially shortly after an operation or with
      very sensitive patients. Furthermore, the Hruby lens is preferable to the Bayadi
      lens because the vitreous can be better examined. The Hruby lens is also
      advantageous for examination of the region in the middle, lateral periphery of
      the fundus, 30 degrees - 60 degrees, and is superior in this area to the simple
      concave contact lens. The Bayadi lens seems to us only indicated for fundus
      examination of extremely high myopes. There it definitely offers advantages over
      and above the concave lens. For the most peripheral fundus, expecially below and
      above, the three-mirror lens with its modification is so far the best method.
      Especially for examination of the vitreous good brightness of the slit image is
      required for stereoscopic examination with as large an angle as possible between
      microscope and illumination. The lateral parts of the most peripheral fundus
      cannot be examined with the vertical slit in connection with the three-mirror
      lens. However, this is possible with the horizontal and tilted position of the
      slit and intermediate positions with an oblique slit. The slit must form an angle
      with the microscope in order to examine vitreous and fundus in optical section.
      With the indentation contact lenses ciliary processes and pars plana are now
      accessible to slit-lamp microscopy.

PMID- 1201696
TI  - Sector retinitis pigmentosa. Electrophysiological and psychophysical study of the
      visual system.
AB  - Combined clinical, psychophysical and electrophysiological examinations of the
      visual function were performed in two patients affected by sector retinitis
      pigmentosa. Psychophysical dark adaptation measurements, the electroretinogram
      (ERG) and the electro-oculogram (EOG) revealed that a larger area of the neural
      retina and pigment epithelium were pathologically involved than revealed by
      ophthalmoscopy and visual field. Five years of observation showed a stationary
      retinal defect in one patient, while in the other a slight clinical but a marked
      electroretinographical deterioration was found over a period of twelve years.
      However, visual acuity and the visually evoked potential (VEP) remained normal.
      In spite of subnormal ERG amplitudes, the photopic and scotopic peak latencies
      were normal in both cases. In the ophthalmoscopically normal relatives of one
      patient slight dark adaptation impairments, as well as EOG and ERG disturbances,
      were detected.

PMID- 1201697
TI  - Congenital nystagmus waveforms and foveation strategy.
AB  - Accurate eye movement recordings of sixty-five subjects with congenital nystagmus
      (CN) provides a firm foundation for the classification of the many types of
      waveforms observed and results in objective definitions based on measurable
      quantities rather than subjective clinical impressions. The careful scrutiny of
      these records along with the utilization of laser-target cinematography have
      yielded insights into the mechanism of this ocular motor instability.
      Prolongation of target foveation emerges as the dominant factor in many of the
      resultant waveforms. This enhances the visual acuity of the subject with CN. An
      additional observation, related to fixation bias reversals of the CN subject, may
      be a physiological indicator of foveal function.

PMID- 1201698
TI  - The progression of sickle cell eye disease in Jamaica.

PMID- 1201699
TI  - Dominant cone-rod dystrophy.
AB  - Six generations of a family were studied extensively allowing the description of
      an autosomal dominant dystrophy of both rods and cones. The dystrophy is
      characterized by onset between ages 6 and 8 with gradual decrease in vision and
      progression to the point of no light perception. Abnormalities of color vision,
      visual field, refraction, fixation behavior, fundus appearance, fluorescein
      angiography, electroretinography, electrooculography and dark adaptation are
      presented. The importance of this family in the classification of inherited
      retinal dystrophies is stressed and the need for an expanded classification is
      discussed. The role of genetic counseling is stressed in such severe diseases.

PMID- 1201700
TI  - [New data characterizing the ecologo-physiological specificity of Arctic
      amphibia].

PMID- 1201701
TI  - [Basis for localizing secretory immunoglobulin A on the surface of ciliated
      epithelium].

PMID- 1201702
TI  - [Photosensitized reduction of methylviologen and ferredoxin in aqueous media in
      the presence of oxygen].

PMID- 1201703
TI  - [Basic principles of enzyme stabilization. Increase in heat stability of alpha
      chymotrypsin during immobilization on polymethacrylic acid gel].

PMID- 1201704
TI  - [Role of promary metabolism of the inducer in the mechanism of action of 3
      methylcholanthrene and phenobarbital].

PMID- 1201707
TI  - [Use of anion-exchange chromatography for the separation of complex mixtures of
      oligosaccharides].

PMID- 1201705
TI  - [Position of the neuromuscular synapse on muscle fibers].

PMID- 1201706
TI  - [RNA content in neurons and glia of hypothalamic nuclei following intermittent
      cooling].

PMID- 1201708
TI  - [Possibility of isolating regulatory exometabolites by lyophilization of the
      aquenous medium from a "dense" population of tadpoles].

PMID- 1201709
TI  - [Comparison of localization signals of dolphins with data for optimal signal
      calculation].

PMID- 1201710
TI  - [Multicenter mechanism of self-organization of globular proteins and
      cooperativity of their denaturation and renaturation].

PMID- 1201711
TI  - [Specific fragmentation of phage T4 DNA by EcoRI endonuclease].

PMID- 1201712
TI  - [Effect of a constant electric field on CO2 absorption by plant leaves].

PMID- 1201713
TI  - [Reimmigration of bone marrow stem cells in mice in radiation experiments].

PMID- 1201714
TI  - [Structural organization of elementary fibrils of chromatin].

PMID- 1201715
TI  - [Specific ultrastructure of puffs in region 4-E2b-e of Chironomus thummi].

PMID- 1201716
TI  - [Lytic action of hydrocortisone on thymus gland lymphoid cells].

PMID- 1201717
TI  - [Gangliosides of rat regenerating liver].

PMID- 1201718
TI  - [Presence and localization of glucose-binding proteins in the tongue].

PMID- 1201719
TI  - [Change in the RNA synthesizing ability of isolated nuclei and in the matrix
      activity of rat liver chromatin during cycloheximide suppression of protein
      synthesis].

PMID- 1201720
TI  - [Effect of iproniazid on the brain monaminergic system and on training
      (quantitative-histochemical study)].

PMID- 1201721
TI  - [Age and incorporation of labeled precursors into histones of albino rat liver
      cell chromatin].

PMID- 1201722
TI  - [Changes in the content of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the brain
      during selection of silver foxes according to behavior].

PMID- 1201723
TI  - [Photochemotherapy of psoriasis: clinical experiences with 152 patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Photochemotherapy, a recently developed method of treatment, is based on the
      effect of light on a systemically administered photo-active substance. 152
      patients with severe generalized psoriasis were exposed, after oral
      administration of 8-methoxy-psoralen, to a high-intensity UVA light source
      radiating at a continuous spectrum between 320 and 390 nm (maximum at 365 nm).
      Radiation doses ranged from 1.4 to 4.8 J/cm2 and were progressively increased.
      Complete remission occurred in 141 patients, satisfactory improvement in the
      remaining 11. It required 12+/-6 radiation sessions (-/x +/- s) to obtain
      remission, mean duration of treatment being 22 +/- 14 days. Apart from a neutral
      ointment no other local or systemic therapy was used. Photochemotherapy
      completely healed the psoriatic foci leaving evenly tanned, cosmetically
      appealing skin. All patients were treated at intervals as out-patients (average
      once a week or ev-ry other week), and remained without recurrence for up to 400
      days. No local treatment is required with photochemotherapy, which is very
      effective, simple, harmless and does not stress patient or doctor. Interval
      treatment maintained the cure.

PMID- 1201724
TI  - [The effect of long-term oral administration of a bronchodilator, a sustained
      release aminophylline preparation, on pulmonary function (author's transl)].
AB  - Various aspects of pulmonary function were measured in eight patients with
      chronic bronchial obstructive disease, after five-month oral administration of a
      sustained-release aminophylline preparation (BY 108: Euphyllin retard). In
      addition to a sustained bronchodilator effect there was an improvement in static
      pulmonary volumes and a marked increase in forced expiratory volumes. The
      reduction in residual volume and of midcapacity is felt to be of particular
      importance in the prevention of pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 1201725
TI  - [Acceleration of passage through the small intestine by caerulein (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Passage through the small intestine was significantly accelerated after
      intramuscular injection of ceruletide (synthetic caerulein, F.I. 6934), 0.50 to
      0.75 mug/kg body-weight. Average passage took 62 +/- 41 min (106 patients, with
      various suspected or demonstrated small-intestinal involvement, excluding
      malabsorption syndrome, sprue or collagen diseases) after caerulein, while in a
      control group of 83 patients with radiologically normal small intestine it was
      126 +/- 62 min (P less than 0.001). In 75% of patients there was no evidence of
      induced change in radiological pattern of the small intestine. Increased local
      contractions were observed in a quarter of patients, but did not impair the
      diagnostic interpretation.

PMID- 1201726
TI  - [Letter: Early coal hemoperfusion in amanita phalloides poisoning].

PMID- 1201728
TI  - [Letter: Digitalis in old age].

PMID- 1201727
TI  - [Letter: Levamisole therapy of recurring herpes simplex or malignant melanoma?].

PMID- 1201729
TI  - [Letter: Lefthandedness].

PMID- 1201731
TI  - [Findings in the irritable colon].

PMID- 1201730
TI  - [Classification and immunosuppressive therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus:
      long-term follow-up of 31 patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in 34 patients receiving
      prednisone and immunosuppressive (cytotoxic) drugs is described. 31 patients are
      in continuous ambulatory care, 27 of them 3 to 17 years. Only two were
      hospitalized for therapeutic purposes: one patient because of exacerbation of
      lung tuberculosis; the second patient, who discontinued prednisone therapy
      despite active SLE, because of severe autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. The
      retrospective analysis of symptoms demonstrated that only 22 of the 31 patients
      manifested 4 or more of the prelimievious reports. Two patients with severe lupus
      glomerulonephritis and azotaemia at the time of initial evaluation did not
      benefit from combined therapy. Nine patients with mesangial and focal
      glomerulonephritis have normal kidney function up to 12 years after diagnosis (in
      two cases kidney function improved after therapy).

PMID- 1201733
TI  - [Letter: Transfusion refusal for religious causes].

PMID- 1201732
TI  - [Letter: Cortical blindness following vertebral artery angiography].

PMID- 1201734
TI  - [Letter: Small insulin doses].

PMID- 1201735
TI  - [Letter: Ultraviolet rays as mutation poison?].

PMID- 1201736
TI  - [Letter: Whiplash injury and arrythmia].

PMID- 1201737
TI  - Role of prostaglandin F2alpha in ovulation.
AB  - Using radioimmunoassay procedures, the levels of plasma, uterine and ovarian
      prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha, and those of plasma estradiol and progesterone were
      measured in intact, hysterectomized or ovariectomized immature female rats
      pretreated with PMS and subsequent HCG. Occurrence of ovulation was confirmed at
      8 hours after the HCG administration not only in the intact rats but also in the
      hysterectomzied rats. The levels of plasma estradiol and progesterone, and of
      uterine and ovarian PGF2alpha rose with the PMS injection alone, but they did not
      reach the peaks before the HCG administration. Both plasma estradiol and uterine
      PGF2alpha showed a peak at 2 hours after the HCG injection. These peaks were
      antecedent 2 or 6 hours before the peaks of ovarian and plasma PGF2alpha,
      respectively. However, such increase of uterine PGF2alpha does not seem to be
      indispensable for ovulation, because ovulation could occur in the hysterectomized
      rats. The levels of ovarian PGF2alpha showed a high plateau from 4 to 8 hours
      after the HCG injection, and then rapidly decreased after ovulation. The levels
      of plasma PGF2alpha peaked not only in the intact rats but also in the
      hysterectomized rats at 8 hours after the HCG treatment. But in the
      ovariectomized rats, this plasma PGF2alpha peak at 8 hours disappeared and there
      was no statistical change of plasma PGF2alpha throughout the PMS-HCG treatment.
      Plasma progesterone gradually increased and reached the maximum at 10 hours after
      the HCG injection. These results conclude that the main source of increased
      plasma PGF2alpha during the ovulatory process induced with the PMS-HCG treatment
      is the ovary, and it is strongly suggested that a rapid increase of PGF2alpha in
      the ovary may play some important role(s) in the ovulatory process.

PMID- 1201738
TI  - Plasma estradiol concentrations and effect of HCG on plasma estradiol and
      testosterone in normal subjects and patients with endocrine disorders.
AB  - Plasma estradiol concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay in various
      endocrine disorders using antiserum to estradiol-17beta succinyl bovine serum
      albumin. Clinical significance and diagnostic value of plasma estradiol were
      assessed in hypothalamic-pituitary, adrenal and gonadal disorders. In general,
      estradiol concentration was correlated well with the degree of sexual maturity
      and was of great diagnostic use. Plasma estradiol in females mainly originated
      from the ovary, while the testis is the principal source of estradiol in males.
      The adrenal gland seemed to play a minor role as a source of estradiol at least
      in normal males and females. The role of estradiol in gynecomastia and in liver
      disease was also investigated. More than a half of the cases with gynecomastia
      had elevated concentrations of plasma estradiol, which probably explains the
      pathogenesis of this manifestation. Cirrhotic patients showed frequently
      hyperestrogenemia probably due to delayed disappearance of estradiol. In the
      study of stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), 3,000 IU daily for
      three days in ten normal men, the peripheral concentrations of esradiol showed
      maximum and fourfold increases 24 hours after the 1st injection of HCG. The
      testosterone levels, on the other hand, increased stepwise and reached a maximum
      of about two times preinjection levels 24 hours after the 3rd injection. In
      gonadal disorders, HCG produced various patterns of plasma estradiol and
      testosterone in accordance with the gonadal conditions and dissociated response
      patterns of both sex hormones were frequently found. The determination of plasma
      estradiol was useful in the study of the function of not only the ovary, but also
      the testis and the simultaneous measurement of plasma estradiol and testosterone
      after HCG administration presented interesting informations about pathophysiology
      of gonadal disorders.

PMID- 1201739
TI  - Effect of estrogen administration on activities of testosterone 5alpha-reductase,
      alkaline phosphatase and arginase in the ventral and the dorsolateral prostates
      of rats.
AB  - Daily treatment with 5 or 500 mug of estradiol benzoate of male adult rats for 7
      days did not change the activity of testosterone 5alpha-reductase in the ventral
      prostate, while the activity decreased slightly in the dorsolateral prostate. The
      activity of alkaline phosphatase was increased by 60% over the respective control
      in the ventral prostate from rats treated with the larger dose of estrogen, but
      the estrogen treatment did not affect the alkaline phosphatase activity in the
      dorsolateral prostate. On the contrary, the estrogen treatment evoked three-fold
      elevation in the arginase activity of the dorsolateral prostate in contrast to
      the decreased arginase activity in the ventral prostate following estrogen
      administration. From these results, it was concluded that the alterations in some
      enzyme activity of the ventral and the dorsolateral prostates evoked by estrogen
      treatment were different from those observed in the respective lobes from
      castrated animals, although both estrogen administration and castration induced
      atrophy of the tissue. Furthermore, it might be also worth-while to mention that
      the ventral and the dorsolateral prostates of rats responded in a different
      manner to estrogen administered.

PMID- 1201740
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for estimation of thyroglobulin in human serum.
AB  - A specific double antibody radioimmunoassay has been develop for the measurement
      of thyroglobulin in human serum. Human thyroglobulin was purified by combined
      DEAE-cellulose and affinity chromatography using Sepharose 4B-bound Concanavalin
      A. Sensitivity of test serum was 10 ng/ml. Thyroglobulin was not detectable in
      half of normal subjects, and half showed values between 10 and 180 ng/ml. In the
      patients with simple goiter and secondary hypothyroidism, serum thyroglobulin was
      usually in the normal range. In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, many sera having
      precipitating antibodies or high hemagglutination antibodies for thyroglobulin
      showed a high thyroglobulin concentration in serum probably due to a false
      positive reaction. In hyperthyroidism, an increased thyroglobulin level was
      observed in 64% of patients. However, there was no correlation between serum
      thyroglobulin and thyroxine levels in untreated hyperthyroidism. Serum
      thyroglobulin was increased significantly in some cases for several weeks after
      isotope therapy for the hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 1201741
TI  - Suppressive effect of cyproheptadine on L-DOPA-induced growth hormone release in
      man.
AB  - In order to elucidate the relationship between dopaminergic and serotoninergic
      mechanisms in regulating secretion of human growth hormone (hGH), the effect of
      cyproheptadine, an antiserotoninergic agent, on l-DOPA-induced hGH secretion was
      studied in normal subjects. Oral administration of 500 mg of l-DOPA caused a rise
      in plasma hGH in 6 of 7 subjects studied. This rise in plasma hGH was
      significantly blunted by the intravenous infusion of 5 mg of cyproheptadine.
      These results suggest the close relationship between dopamine and serotonin in
      the control of hGH secretion.

PMID- 1201742
TI  - A new method for the simultaneous measurement of the movement of inertia, the
      damping coefficient and the location of the centre of mass of a body segment in
      situ.
AB  - A new method which permits, in a single measurement, the determination of the
      moment of inertia, the angular damping coefficient of the joint and the location
      of the centre of mass of a body segment in situ is presented. The underlying
      principle is the theory of small, damped oscillations of a system about its
      equilibrium position. The fact that the oscillogram contains information about
      certain parameters of the oscillating system is used to find these parameters.
      The application of the method is simple and does not require highly sophisticated
      instrumentation. The results are very reproducable and immediately available.

PMID- 1201743
TI  - [Study of the circadian variation of different circulatory and respiratory
      functions at submaximal and maximal ergometer work (author's transl)].
AB  - The maximal aerobic power of six highly trained young cyclist, mean age 16.3
      years and mean VO2max 4.9 l/min, was directly measured at intervals of 4 hrs. A
      Latin square design was used for the test order. At submaximal work of O2
      consumption 2.4 to 4.4 l/min no circadian variation of any single function was
      found. However, at maximal work load the differences between the maxima and
      minima values were 12.4% for maximal work output (W max), 7.8% for expiratory
      minute volume (V Emax), 5.7% for maximal aerobic power (VO2max) and 3.4% for
      maximal heart rate (H Rmax). All the functions--with the exception of VO2max-had
      their minima at 0300 hrs; the minima of VO2max was reached already at 2300 hours.
      The maxima-values of V Emax and VO2max were measured at 1500 hrs, of W max and H
      Rmax at 0700 and of H Rrest at 1900 hrs correspondingly. A one-tailed test showed
      significant differences between the maxima and minima values of all variables (P
      less than 0.05). The results suggest a decreased cardiopulmonary working capacity
      at night. However, this impairment is only of practical importance if the work
      will be done near the limit of endurance capacity. Besides it will suggest, that
      the indirect methods for assessing the cardiopulmonary capacity based on VO2max
      and W170 are not useful at nighttime, because the presuppositions for these
      methods are limited of the time of day.

PMID- 1201744
TI  - Maximal steady state versus state of conditioning.
AB  - Criteria for the identification of maximal steady state as related to state of
      conditioning were evaluated. 13 volunteers walker and/or ran during a series of
      15 min tests on a treadmill. The speeds ranged from mild to exhaustive. Heart
      rate was monitored continuously; VO2 was determined from 6 min to 9 min; and
      venous blood was obtained at 10 min and 15 min for lactate analyses. Max VO2 was
      established for each subject. Subjects were classified on level of conditioning
      according to the quantity and quality of their activity record for the previous 6
      months. The 10 min heart rate associated with a blood lactate level of 2.2 mM/L
      (MSSHR) was the best predictor of conditioning. The relative VO2 (% of max VO2)
      found with a 10 min blood lactate concentration of 2.2 mM/L (RMSSVO2) was almost
      as accurate as MSSHR in predicting state of conditioning. Changes in blood
      lactate levels between 10 min and 15 min were not significantly related to
      conditioning.

PMID- 1201745
TI  - [Changes of pulse rate caused by sonic bomms during sleep (author's transl)].
AB  - In two experimental series (19 resp. 53 nights, 2 different persons in each
      series, test-time 10.30 p.m. to 3.00 a.m.) pulse rate after sonic booms had been
      recorded during sleep. In the first 3 nights the subjects slept undisturbed by
      noise. In the following 11 resp. 30 nights sonic booms were applied alternately 2
      or 4 times. In the main series after 10 more nights without any noise 4 nights
      with 8 and 16 sonic booms alternately followed. The last 6 undisturbed nights in
      both series were used as comparison phase. The interval between two sonic booms
      was 40 min in nights with 2 booms, 20 min in nights with 4 sonic booms and in the
      nights with 8 and 16 sonic booms 8.6 resp. 4.6 min. Sound level of the sonic
      booms ranged from 0.48 mbar to 1.45 mbar, 1 mbar [83.5 dB (A)] in the average.
      The first sonic boom was applied if one of the two subjects had entered the
      deepest stage of sleep. Sonic booms induced a biphasic reaction in pulse rate.
      After an initial increase in frequency with a maximum in the 4th sec pulse rate
      decreased below the value before sonic boom; it was followed by a slow increase
      towards the baseline value. This reaction was analysed with special regard to the
      following factors: 1. Intensity. Due to very fast increase of noise intensity
      there was no significant correlation between the intensity of sonic boom and the
      pulse reaction. 2. Exogenic variables. There is no significant connection between
      postboom pulse rate and noiseless time before the sonic boom, the duration of the
      test series and the ambient temperature. 3. Endogenic variables. No correlation
      could be found between the stage of sleep and the reaction. On the contrary a
      very significant correlation was found between the maximum of postboom increase
      of pulse rate and the pulse rate before boom. With increasing pulse rate the
      extent of reaction becomes smaller.

PMID- 1201748
TI  - [Dependence of mean duration of heart period and of arrhythmia during dynamic
      muscular work on the greatness and differences of work load and during static
      muscular work on the greatness of work load (author's transl)].
AB  - Mean duration of heart period (DHP chi) and its standard deviation (SD),
      indicating heart arrhythmia and significantly correlating with DHP chi, decreased
      with stepwise increase of dynamic muscular work on a bicycle ergometer and static
      muscular work of the right upper arm flexor beyond the limit of permanent
      performance. This correlation, however, can be understood globally only, since
      the decrease of DHP chi and SD was not always continuous, but frequently
      changing, with alterations of increase and decrease from step to step of dynamic
      work load and from minute to minute of static muscular strain. This concerned
      particularly SD. A continuous decrease of DHP chi in dynamic muscular work was
      obtained only by load differences of 40 W, not by differences of 10 or 20 W. A
      more continuous decrease of SD was also noted during greater load-differences.
      The significant correlation of DHP chi and SD was lost at a load-difference of 10
      W on the 60 W-step and at a load-difference of 40 W on the 180 W-step. Great
      loads caused at the same load-step less frequent variations of DHP chi, not of
      SD, than little loads. If no preceding work took place, a contary reaction of DHP
      chi and SD was noted often at the first load-step. Static work with greater
      holding force caused a more continuous decrease of DHP chi, in a lower degree of
      SD, than static work with lower holding force. DHP chi decreased mainly in the
      first minute of strain. The adjustment of mean heart rate and heart arrhythmia on
      a level corresponding to increase of load is influenced essentially by the
      difference of muscular strain appearing between two periods of work load or
      periods of holding. The regulation of the mean duration of heart period and of
      heart arrhythmia does not necessarily depend on each other.

PMID- 1201747
TI  - Blood circulation of long bones in trained growing rats and mice.
AB  - The effect of physical training on the blood circulation of long bones was
      studied in growing rats and mice of NMRI-strain. The animals to be trained and
      their controls were about 2 weeks old at the beginning of the training. The
      training took place on a 5 degree inclined treadmill 5 days a week for 3 weeks in
      experiment I and 7 weeks in experiments II and III. The duration of the daily
      exercise was progressively increased over 3 weeks. The final exercise bouts were
      80 min for moderate and 180 min for intensive training programs. The circulating
      red cell volume (ml/100 g bone) of the humeral, femoral and tibial bones of the
      trained animals was lower compared to the controls in all three experiments
      mainly due to reduced hematocrit values. The circulating blood volume (ml/100 g
      bone) decreased in the tibial bones of the trained animals in experiment I and
      showed a decreasing tendency in experiment III, but no significant differences
      between the groups were observed in the humeral and femoral bones. Yet, when
      related to the volume of the bones the circulating blood volume (ml/100 ccm bone)
      was significantly higher in the femoral bones of the trained animals, while the
      changes in the humeral bones were negligible (experiment III). The results
      suggest that the vascularity of long bones is affected by physical training. The
      varying responses in different bones are perhaps due to the amount of mechanical
      stress during physical activity.

PMID- 1201746
TI  - The influence of varying oxygen tensions in inspired gas on 133Xenon muscle
      clearance and fatigue levels during sustained and dynamic conctractions.
AB  - Isometric and isotonic endurance levels of both elbow flexors and knee extensors
      were tested during inspired gas mixtures of ca. 10%, 21% or 100% oxygen in
      nitrogen. The four work loads were set a 25, 50, 60 and 70% of maximal volitional
      isometric strength (IS). The isotonic exercise routine was carried out using
      weight lifting techniques of 20 repetitions per min from 75 degrees to 105
      degrees of elbow flexion and knee extensions respectively. Prior to, during, and
      after the endurance experiments 133Xe clearance was monitored by light weight
      scintillation counters. A depot of 0.1 to 0.2 ml of isotonic saline containing 50
      to 150 muCi of the isotope was used as an intramuscular tracer. The exercise
      clearance values varied inversely to the test load during isometric exercise.
      Isotonic exercise for both elbow flexors and knee extensors showed increasing
      clearance values up to 60% IS. Above this level a decrease in total clearance was
      recorded. Oxygen tension had no statistical effect on the clearance values.
      However, the relatively large scatter of the 133Xe clearance method, and an
      inhomogenous perfusion of skeletal muscle may have masked any anticipated effect
      of the various O2 tensions. Variations due to the raised intramuscular pressure
      appeared to be much more dominant than the hypothezised variation due to the 3
      set oxygen tensions.

PMID- 1201749
TI  - Impact of daily work-load during pregnancy on the microstructure of the rat heart
      in male offspring.
AB  - In two series of experiments the development of body weight, heart weight and the
      microstructure of the rat heart in the male offspring from exercised and control
      inactive mothers was followed. In 50-day-old male offspring the total body weight
      and heart weight did not differ; in 100-day-old male offspring the heart weight
      was significantly higher in those from mothers exercising daily for 1 hr (run on
      a treat-mill with the speed 14 to 16 m/min, i.e. mild exercise of an aerobic
      character) throughout pregnancy. As regards microstructure of the heart, the
      differences were significant both in younger and older animals. The number of
      exercised mothers. The capillary: fiber ratio was significantly higher and the
      diffusion distance significantly shorter in male offspring of exercised mothers.
      During the prenatal period a favorable effect of work-load for the offspring
      could be induced more easily even with mild aerobic and quite short daily
      exercise than later during postnatal life as shown by experiments reported
      previously.

PMID- 1201750
TI  - Cytochrome components of plant microsomes.
AB  - The electron transport components of the microsomal fraction of cauliflower buds
      and mung bean hypocotyls were investigated using split-beam and dual wavelength
      spectrophotometry under a variety of reducing conditions. Cauliflower microsomes
      were found to contain an ascorbate-reducible component, termed cytochrome b-559.5
      [E'0 = +135 +/- 20 mV; lambdamax (reduced minus oxidised) = 559.5, 527 and 429 nm
      at 23 degrees C], cytochrome b5 [E'0 = -20 +/- 20 mV; lambdamax (reduced minus
      oxidised) = 556, 526 and 425 nm at 23 degrees C], cytochromes P-450 and P-420. On
      the basis of binding studies with ethyl isocyanide, degradation of cytochrome P
      450 to P-420, redox potential, aniline binding, and relative rates of reduction
      by NADPH and NADH, it is suggested that the cytochrome P-450 system is analogous
      to that mammalian microsomes. Other components, reducible only by dithionite, may
      also be present. Mung bean microsomes were found to contain an ascorbate
      reducible component, termed cytochrome b-562 [E'0 = +120 +/- 20 mV; lambdamax
      (reduced minus oxidised) = 562, 528 and 430 nm at 23 degrees C], cytochrome b5,
      and a low potential component which was reducible only by sodium dithionite. No
      cytochrome P-450 or P-420 could be detected. A general method of analysis of the
      cytochromes was developed and applied to the microsomes from a variety of plant
      sources. The results indicate that large variations, both in type and amount of
      components, occur between the microsomes from different plant materials.

PMID- 1201751
TI  - Solid-state protein kinase. A tool for post-synthetically modifying and
      radioactively labeling proteins in vitro.
AB  - The capacity of partially purified rat muscle protein kinase coupled to cyanogen
      bromide-activated Sepharose 4B to (radio-)phosphorylate proteins in vitro was
      evaluated using histones from calf thymus and rat liver and certain proteins as
      substrates. Data are presented which point to a low substrate specificity of this
      enzyme. It is demonstrated that even within a short time period histones are
      efficiently phosphorylated without the introduction of contaminating (phospho
      )proteins. Therebye phosphoserine residues are formed. The phosphorylation
      reaction usually performed at 30 degrees C is shown to function quite efficiently
      also at 4 degrees C. It proceeds even at 30 degrees C for several hours at pH
      values close to the physiological range without the release of proteins from the
      solid matrix. The phosphorus transfer can be largely increased with the use of
      high ATP concentrations. The stability of the substrates is sufficient to suggest
      a wide applicability of this solid-state protein kinase in the phosphorylation of
      proteins either for labeling or as a tool to modify proteins post-synthetically
      under gentle conditions. The solid enzyme seems to be suitable for radioactively
      labeling proteins of more complex biological structures, such as membrane
      surfaces.

PMID- 1201752
TI  - Studies on the specificity of action of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme.
AB  - Lysozyme from bacteriophage T4 was found to digest a soluble, uncrosslinked
      peptidoglycan which is secreted by cells of Micrococcus luteus when incubated in
      the presence of penicillin G. Analysis of the enzymatic degradation products
      shows that T4 acts as an endo-acetylmuramidase capable of cleaving glycosidic
      bonds only at muramic acid residues that are substituted with peptide side
      chains. The results indicate that the secreted peptidoglycan may consist of a
      mixture of chains, approximately half of which are substituted by peptide side
      chains on most of their muramic acid residues, while the other half is made up of
      chains in which the muramic acid moieties are unsubstituted.

PMID- 1201753
TI  - Determination of protein-ligand binding constants at equilibrium in biological
      samples.
AB  - Protein-ligand complexes can be separated functionally into two classes.
      "Specific" binding is characterized, in relative terms, by a high affinity for
      the ligand and a low binding capacity. "Non-specific" binding is characterized by
      a low affinity and a very large capacity. The calculation of equilibrium binding
      constants for any specific protein-ligand interaction requires the exact
      determination of the unbound ligand concentration and the specifically bound
      ligand concentration. These determinations usually require corrections for the
      contribution of non-specific binding. The use of two correction terms, kn and f,
      is proposed: kn is the product of the affinity constant k times the number of
      binding sites n of the non-specific components, while f is the fraction of the
      non-specific binding included in the experimental estimates of bound ligand.
      Several theoretical solutions using these terms are proposed for the calculation
      of specific binding constants. The practical choice of the correction factor may
      be different when the simultaneous measurement of the affinity constant and
      maximum number of binding sites, or when only the latter, is desired. In the case
      of complex binding systesm containing more than one specific component, the
      individual constants can be determined by non-graphical methods, using computer
      aided iterative statistical calculations. A complete solution is given for a
      system containing two specific plus non-specific interactions and actual
      experiments are reported for steroid hormone-receptro complexes.

PMID- 1201754
TI  - Changes in guinea-pig dermal collagen during development.
AB  - Guinea-pig dermis was digested with pepsin and the solubilized collagen molecules
      separated by differential salt precipitation at pH 7.5. Differences in subunit
      composition and amino acid analysis were noted between type I and type III
      collagen. Incorporation of radioactive proline into the developing foetus enabled
      isolation of labelled type I and type III collagens. Comparison of the specific
      activity of the isolated collagen molecules showed that type III collagen had a
      high specific activity in the early stages of foetal development, which decreased
      dramatically during foetal development. The specific activity of pepsin
      solubilized type I collagen remained fairly constant during foetal development.

PMID- 1201755
TI  - Calcitonin biosynthesis: evidence for a precursor.
AB  - Calcitonin biosynthesis has been studied in chicken ultimobranchial glands
      incubated in vitro in the presence of radioactive amino acids. The results
      obtained suggest the existence of a biosynthetic precursor of higher molecular
      weight or procalcitonin. This precursor has been identified by pulse-chase
      experiments, molecular weight determinations, biological activity measurements
      and analysis of tryptic peptides. Its molecular weight is about 13000
      (calcitonin, about 3500) as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
      Procalcitonin is present in small amounts in chicken ultimobranchial glands and
      it is biologically active in rats.

PMID- 1201756
TI  - Radioactive labelling and characterization of the products of activated mouse
      lymphocytes.
AB  - For chemical characterization of the products of activated lymphocytes a
      radioactive double-label technique was developed which allows one to distinguish
      those products synthesized either de novo or in increased amounts by the
      stimulated culture. Spleen cells from Balb/c mice were cultured in serum-free
      medium in the presence or absence of concanavalin A and simultaneously labelled
      with radioactive leucine. Optimal culture conditions were established by
      determining parameters such as cell density, mitogen concentration, and kinetics
      of protein synthesis following stimulation. Combined supernatants of stimulated
      and unstimulated cultures each labelled with either [3H]leucine or [14C]leucine
      were fractionated on Sephadex G-75. Materials derived from control or stimulated
      supernatants both yielded a qualitatively similar radiolabelled profile. The
      isotope ratio of stimulated to nonstimulated culture, however, showed a broad
      peak at KD 0--.35 (approx. mol. wt 75000-20000) which was further analyzed by
      isoelectric focusing. Pools of every two fractions were focused in polyacrylamide
      gels at pH 3.5-10. By determining the isotope ratio, the isoelectric point, and
      the KD (mol wt), it was possible to distinguish at least 24 molecules which had
      been produced only, or in greater degree, by the stimulated culture.

PMID- 1201757
TI  - Tumor induction studies with n-butyl- and n-propylhydrazine hydrochlorides in
      Swiss mice.

PMID- 1201758
TI  - The histochemical demonstration of arylsulphatase and acid hydrolases in
      carcinoma of the colon and the breast.

PMID- 1201759
TI  - Inactivation of mammalian DNA methylase activities by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n
      nitrosoguanidine.

PMID- 1201760
TI  - Release and specificity of inhibitors for macromolecular syntheses from various
      suspension tumor strains.

PMID- 1201761
TI  - An experimental model for the treatment of pulmonary metastases.

PMID- 1201762
TI  - Effect of fasting on two postheparin plasma triglyceride lipases and triglyceride
      removal in obese subjects.
AB  - A new method was used for selective measurement of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic
      lipase in human postheparin plasma. Hepatic lipase was assayed in 1.0 M NaCl
      withour addition of serum, and the activity of lipoprotein lipase was determined
      in 0.1 M NaCl after immunoprecipitation of hepatic lipase with specific
      antiserum. The activity of both these enzymes and the total lipolytic activity
      were measured in plasma samples taken during a 4-h infusion of heparin. Each of
      the activities was related to basal serum triglyceride concentration and to the
      fractional removal constant (K) of Intralipid in 13 obese subjects before and
      after prolonged fasting. During a normal isocaloric diet the lipolytic activities
      showed a biphasic response to heparin infusion in all subjects. A peak activity
      was reached within 30 minutes ("early response") and thereafter the lipase
      activities decreased to a constant level maintained during the rest of the
      heparin infusion ("late response"). The early response of lipoprotein lipase
      showed a significant inverse correlation with the basal serum triglyceride level
      (r = -0.85) and a significant positive correlation with the fractional removal
      rate of Intralipid (r = 0.84). The late response of lipoprotein lipase was not
      related to either of these parameters. The early response of hepatic lipase was
      not correlated with basal triglyceride concentration or Intralipid removal,
      whereas the late response of this enzyme showed a significant negative
      correlation with the removal rate of Intralipid (r = -0.82). After fasting for
      several days the acute response of all lipolytic activities to heparin was
      markedly decreased or totally abolished, but the magnitude of the late response
      was similar to that seen in the fed state. The fractional removal rate of
      Intralipid was slightly increased by starvation. All correlations between
      postheparin plasma lipases and serum triglyceride concentration and removal
      disappeared in fasting subjects. It is concluded that the rapidly releasable
      lipoprotein lipase probably reflects the activity of the tissue enzyme(s) which
      is responsible for the primary removal of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
      triglycerides and chylomicrons. It is probable that this component of the
      postheparin plasma lipolytic activity is derived from the endothelial lipoprotein
      lipase pool. This enzyme plays a key role in the efflux of plasma triglycerides
      under normal conditions, and it is thus one determinant of plasma triglyceride
      level. Prolonged fasting obviously changes the triglyceride removal sites and
      mechanism but does not impair the removal efficiency.

PMID- 1201763
TI  - Alteration of drug metabolism during cholestasis in man.
AB  - The morphological and functional alterations of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
      of the liver cell related to biliary stasis have brought attention to drug
      biotransformation during cholestasis. The metabolism of meprobamate,
      pentobarbital and tolbutamide was assessed in subjects with intrahepatic
      recurrent cholestasis (3), cholestatic hepatitis (6), extrahepatic biliary
      obstruction (7) and normal controls (16). In the patients with recurrent
      intrahepatic cholestasis no differences in drug metabolism were noted as compared
      to the control group. In cholestatic hepatitis the plasma half-lives of
      meprobamate (828 +/- 422 min.) and pentobarbital (39+-65) were significantly
      longer than in in controls (444 +/- 37 and 25.4 +/- 1.1 respectively).
      Tolbutamide plasma half-life appeared unchanged. The most striking variations
      were observed in the patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. In such
      cases while meprobamate half-life was unchanged, pentobarbital half-life was
      significantly prolonged (31.2 +/- 2.5) and the in vitro metabolism of the drug,
      using liver preparations, was decreased to less than 50% of the control value. In
      contrast the metabolism of tolbutamide was accelerated as evidenced by a
      significant decrease of plasma half-life (165 +/- 48 min. versus 384 +/- 76 of
      the controls) and an enhanced urinary excretion of the drug's metabolites.
      However the metabolism of tolbutamide in vitro did not show any difference
      between normal and cholestatic liver. Whatever the mechanism of the peculiar
      behaviour of tolbutamide in extrahepatic biliary obstruction it seems to be
      related to the increased bile dalt concentration during cholestasis. In fact the
      low values of plasma half-life increase significantly either relieving the
      biliary obstruction or producing a bile salt depletion with cholestyramine.
      Preliminary results in vitro suggest the bile salt could displace tolbutamide
      from albumin binding thus increasing the amount of free drug available for
      biotransformation by the liver. In conclusion cholestasis may affect drug
      metabolism depending on the degree of biliary stasis, liver cell injury and the
      type of drug tested. The mechanism could be that of an impaired biotransformation
      in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum or could involve extrahepatic factors.

PMID- 1201764
TI  - Endothelial injury induced by bacterial endotoxin: effect of complement
      depletion.
AB  - The role of complement activation in the pathogenesis of endothelial injury
      caused by bacterial endotoxin was investigated in the rat. DNA synthesis in
      aortic endothelium was compared 48 hours after an intravenous injection of
      endotoxin (50 - 500 mug) in normal rats and in rats depleted of haemolytic
      complement by purified cobra venom factor. At the time of endotoxin
      administration the rats treated with cobra venom factor had less than 3% of the
      normal haemolytic complement level, their fibrinogen level was increased and clot
      retraction was impaired. Endotoxin stimulated endothelial DNA synthesis to the
      same degree in normal and in complement-depleted rats. Cobra venom factor alone
      did not stimulate endothelial DNA synthesis. The complement-depleted rats given
      500 mug endotoxin were less thrombocytopenic than normal rats at the time of
      sacrifice, but the difference was not statistically significant. We conclude that
      the injurious effect endotoxin has on endothelium is not mediated by activation
      of late components of complement.

PMID- 1201765
TI  - Fatty acid pattern of lipids in normal and dystrophic human muscle.
AB  - The fatty acid distribution of the main lipid fractions: triglycerides (TG),
      phosphatidylcholine (PCh), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and sphingomyelin (Sph)
      of muscle from 6 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy (p.m.d.), Duchenne,
      8 to 12 years old was estimated and compared with normal controls of different
      age. In view of the results of several authors about varied fatty acid
      distribution in immature muscle a third group comprising samples of neonatal
      muscle was studied. 1. The fatty acid pattern of the lipid fractions TG, Sph, and
      PE from muscle of patients with p.m.d. shows no important variation in comparison
      to normal controls. In contrast to this the fatty acid distribution in PCh is
      extremely varied: the percentage of 18:2 is decreased and corrrespondingly the
      content of 18:1 is increased. In view of the high percentage (nearly 10%) in
      which linoleic acid is substituted by oleic acid in PCh, effects on the plasma
      membrane are to be expected. 2. The fatty acid pattern in neonatal muscle shows
      in narly all positions of the fractions TG, Sph, PE, and PCh a different
      distribution from normal or dystrophic muscle. In view of the most important
      variation in dystrophic muscle it must be stated that generally 18:2 is
      decreased. This deficit was replaced by an increase of all other fatty acids (not
      only at a substitution by 18:1 as given in p.m.d.). Therefore the diminished
      content of linoleic acid in PCh of neonatal and dystrophic muscle cannot be
      interpreted as expression of a corresponding or similar lipid metabolism in both
      tissues. The results were seen as signs of significant qualitative alterations
      especially of PCh in p.m.d. They were discussed as proof of our thesis that the
      basic defect in p.m.d. concerns the specific acylation of PCh with linoleic acid.

PMID- 1201766
TI  - Interaction of secretin and insulin on human forearm metabolism.
AB  - The effect of secretin on forearm metabolism (muscle compartment) was examined in
      the presence of low and high concentrations of insulin. Continuous infusions (30
      min. duration) of secretin 12 ng/min. (SEC), insulin 160 ng/min. (INS) or these
      doses of insulin and secretin together (INS + SEC) were delivered into the
      brachial arteries of normal volunteers. SEC alone was without significant effect
      on forearm metabolism. INS as previously reported, stimulated glucose and
      potassium uptake and inhibited the output of some amino acids from the deep
      venous bed. The two hormones together (INS + SEC) increased maximum lactate (p
      less than 0.025) and alanine output (p less than 0.005) beyond that observed with
      INS alone. A marked calcium output occurred (p less than 0.001) with the combined
      infusion which was not observed with either hormone alone. Potassium metabolism
      with INS + SEC was similar to that observed with INS alone. These results suggest
      that these two hormones, acting in concert, stimulate glycolysis and net calcium
      efflux. This joint action of insulin and secretin may have a physiological role
      in the immediate postprandial period.

PMID- 1201767
TI  - Colchicine administration to mice: a metabolic and ultrastructural study.
AB  - A single injection of colchicine has been administered to normal albino mice, and
      the metabolic effects as well as the hepatic ultrastructural changes resulting
      from this treatment have been studied at various time intervals. A marked
      decrease in circulating triglyceride levels was evident 4 hours after colchicine
      injection and was maximum after 11 hours. It coincided with a marked increase in
      hepatic triglyceride content. Twenty hours after colchicine administration,
      plasma triglyceride levels and hepatic triglyceride content had returned to
      normal values. Similar changes in the levels of circulating proteins were
      observed although their magnitude was less than that observed for triglycerides.
      Ultrastructurally, colchicine treatment resulted in the virtual disappearance of
      the microtubules from the hepatocytes, and in the appearance of many clusters of
      vesicles containing very low density lipoprotein-like particles which eventually
      transformed into lipid droplets. These ultrastructural alterations were also
      completely reversible, the reversibility coinciding with the morphological
      reappearance of microtubules. Finally, colchicine treatment resulted in marked
      metabolic changes that are interpreted as representing an attempt, by the
      organism, to keep adequate energy sources during the period of lack of
      circulating triglycerides.

PMID- 1201768
TI  - Ischaemic heart disease and associated risk factors in 40 year old men in
      Edinburgh and Stockholm.

PMID- 1201769
TI  - Effect of lipids on insulin, growth hormone and exocrine pancreatic secretion in
      man.
AB  - Influences of fat on release of insulin, growth hormone and pancreatic enzyme
      secretion were studied in 35 metabolically healthy subjects. A fat solution
      containing 40 g of soy bean oil was administered, I.V., orally and
      intraduodenally. In all cases there was a similar increase of insulin but the
      rise in serum insulin after oral or intraduodenal fat administration was not
      related to the changes in plasma free fatty acids, free glycerol and triglyceride
      levels. Blood surgar responded according to insulin secretion. The route of fat
      administration may possibly influence growth hormone secretion. Following
      intraduodenal fat administration volume and bicarbonate contents of the duodenal
      juice rose slightly whereas trypsin and bilirubin content increased considerably.
      These results suggest that insulin secretion after oral or intraduodenal
      administration of fat is influenced by intestinal factors. Cholecystokinin
      pancroezymin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide are qualified to serve as such
      factors.

PMID- 1201770
TI  - Erythropoiesis in the X-irradiated, bled rat.
AB  - Exposure to low levels of x-irradiation (50R) followed by phlebotomy (50% blood
      volume) one month post-irradiation, resulted in identifiable alterations of the
      erythropoietic status of the rat. The red cell indices revealed a decrease in
      mean corpuscular volume and an increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin
      concentration. The half-life of 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes was 16.7 days versus
      14.4 days for the untreated controls. These subjects also demonstrated
      hyperplastic marrows with an approximate 60% mean increase in marrow cellularity.
      A reproducible mortality of 25% was seen at 17 weeks post-irradiation; the one
      group of animals followed for an extended period exhibited an 86% cumulative
      mortality at 23 weeks. The observations supported the concept that x-irradiated
      rats exposed to a relatively low dose of X-rays (less than 10% LD/50) maintain a
      latent or residual injury of the bone marrow. These animals, when subsequently
      challenged by phlebotomy, are placed at greater risk with respect to their
      ability to survive.

PMID- 1201772
TI  - Panel Session: "Accelerators for hospitals".

PMID- 1201771
TI  - 150 MeV proton medical cyclotron design study.
AB  - A brief design study has been done for a 150 MeV proton sector cyclotron. The
      object was to minimize cost but maintain good reliability and easy maintenance.
      The use of the proton beam would be for therapy, radiography and isotope
      production.

PMID- 1201773
TI  - Proton and heavy ion therapy.
AB  - Penetrating ion beams are considered interesting supplements to the types of
      radiation, mostly electrons and gamma rays, that have dominated in radiation
      research and radiotherapy during the last decades. Biomedical experimentations
      and clinical studies ar larger ion accelerators (100-1000 MeV/amu) are therefore
      undertaken in order to exploit their possible clinical use in cancer therapy. It
      is concluded that an accelerator that permits effective use of protons (ca. 200
      MeV) and deutrons (ca. 50 MeV, for neutron therapy) located in a central hospital
      would represent a convenient tool for clinical investigations at a larger scale.

PMID- 1201774
TI  - Meson radiobiology and therapy.
AB  - High-linear energy transfer radiation (neutrons, heavy ions, and pions) have a
      greater relative biological effectiveness than low-linear energy transfer
      radiation by depositing a high density of ionization in irradiated cells. This
      overcomes the protective effect of oxygen; decreases the variation in sensitivity
      among the several stages of the cell cycles; and, inhibits the repair of
      sublethal damage as compared to x-rays, gamma rays, electrons and protons.
      Negative pi mesons (pions), appear particularly suited for radiation therapy as
      their penetration and depth-dose profile lend themselves to shaping the high dose
      area to the tumor size and location. Preliminary biological experiments with
      pions produced at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility studied cell survival at
      various radiation depths and cell cycle sensitivity. Histologic study of data
      from the first human experiments indicated severe tumor cell destruction by pions
      as compared to x-rays in treating malignant melanoma skin nodules, without
      increased effects on dermal elements.

PMID- 1201775
TI  - Fast-neutron radiobiology and radiotherapy.
AB  - The application of fast neutrons, negative pions or heavy ions will only provide
      an advantage for the radiotherapy of cancer if, in comparison with conventional
      radiations, e.g., X-rays, gamma rays and electrons, better depth-dose and
      collimation characteristics or specific radiobiological dose response
      relationships result in greater local control probabilities for tumours without
      increased frequencies of severe noraml tissue damage. Differences in intrinsic
      radiosensitivity and the presence of hypoxic cells are considered to be the main
      factors which can cause values of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for
      responses of tumours to be larger than RBE values for normal tissue tolerance.
      Clinical studies on lung metastases irradiated with single dose of 15 MeV
      neutrons indicate that RBE values for tumour growth delay can vary between 1.2
      and 4.0, while RBE values for damage to several normal tissues are estimated from
      corresponding animal data to be approximately 2.5.

PMID- 1201776
TI  - Surgery of the "pretherapeutic" experiments with fast neutrons produced with the
      50 mev deuteron beam of cyclone.
AB  - The physical and radiobiological experiments performed with the fast neutron
      beams at the cyclotron of the University of Louvain are described and discussed
      in view of their therapeutic applications.

PMID- 1201777
TI  - Installation of a compact, variable-energy cyclotron in a hospital and
      preliminary results obtained.
AB  - The setting up of a compact, variable-energy cyclotron within a preexisting
      hospital structure and the way by which have been resolved the setted technical
      restraints are described. Some preliminary results obtained are also given.

PMID- 1201778
TI  - Applications of the compact cyclotron of the German Cancer Research center in
      nuclear medicine, neutron therapy and radiation biophysics.
AB  - The present facilities of the medical cyclotron in the German Cancer Research
      Center are outlined. This summary includes methods and thick target yields for
      radionuclide production and their applications in nuclear medical diagnosis and
      dosimetry in preparation of radiotherapy with fast neutrons.

PMID- 1201779
TI  - The potential and applications of cyclotrons in biomedical fields.
AB  - Applications of cyclotrons in biomedical fields like radioisotope production;
      activation and reaction analysis with charged particles and neutrons both in
      vitro and in vivo types; production of fast neutron beams for therapy, etc. are
      described. Production yields of various isotopes in use through different nuclear
      reactions have been compared with the yields calculated using experimentally
      measured or empirically constructed excitation functions. Detection sensitivities
      of various elements in tissue through activation induced by protons, deuterons
      and alphas of different energies are presented. Fast neutron beams produced from
      Be, D2, D2O and 7Li targets with different sized and priced cyclotrons are
      critically compared. It is suggested that a Li-7, deuteron or even a heavy water
      target would produce a more penetrant neutron beam with relatively smaller
      cyclotrons than the commonly used Be target.

PMID- 1201780
TI  - Production of short-lived radioisotopes for medical applications using high
      energy reactions at JULIC.
AB  - The advantages of high energy nuclear reactions for the production of some
      special short-lived carrier-free radionuclides for allication in nuclear medicine
      are outlined. The routine production of 11C (T = 20.3 min), 123I (T = 13.3 h) and
      28Mg (T = 21.1 h) at the Julich Isochronous Cyclotron JULIC via the 12C(p,pn) 11C
      , 127I(d,6n) 123Xe(beta+, EC) 123I- and 27Al(alpha,3p) 28Mg-reaction,
      respectively, is described. Some areas of fast labelling and its applications are
      given.

PMID- 1201781
TI  - Transmission detectors for cyclotron in-vivo irradiations with neutrons.
AB  - The neutron fluence imparted to the irradiated subjects needs to be measured
      accurately in order to obtain meaningful results from diagnostic irradiations. A
      convenient neutron detector for this purpose is in the form of a transmission
      chamber, which covers the whole beam directed at the subject. In one design the
      detector is an ionization chamber, filled with propane gas, in another a thin
      sheet of plastic scintillator is coupled to a pair of photomultipliers.

PMID- 1201782
TI  - Non-computerized off-axial tomography with 580 MeV protons.
AB  - Tomography so far has used a "passive" property of radiation absorption, i.e.,
      variation of the transmission rate. Computerized tomography reconstructs (Fourier
      analyses) a 20 picture of of a sequence of 10 transmission profiles. The
      resulting image is therefore axially oriented. The use of the stereoscopic effect
      of two views of the same object (slice), taken at two slightly different angles,
      is, in such a base, not feasible. "Protoscopy" is based on an "active" property
      of radiation absorption, i.e., large angle nuclear scattering. The vertices of
      the large angle scattered protons are individually measured. The spatial
      resolution of the detectors and the Coulomb multiple scattering are responsible
      for the existence of an "elementary volume". Stereo display is under study.
      Despite the fact that "protoscopy" requires a (still) expensive proton source of
      600 MeV, a scanning system, the "protoscope", is proposed to challenge all the
      excellent performances of the most advanced X-ray tomography techniques, such as
      the automatic computerized transverse axial (ACTA)-scanner.

PMID- 1201783
TI  - The potential of proton radiography.
AB  - The properties of two types of proton radiography, MARGINAL-RANGE and MULTIPLE
      SCATTERING are described briefly and examples of the radiographs shown. A
      practical application of one of the techniques, MARGINAL-RANGE, to an industrial
      problem is described. Certain outstanding features of MULTIPLE SCATTERING
      radiography which may lead to its use in the future are mentioned.

PMID- 1201784
TI  - [Cortico-cortical connections of the orbito-frontal cortex].
AB  - Using strychnine neuronography, the connections of proreal and orbital
      convolutions with different sections of the neocortex were studied, in cats. The
      proreal cortex was found to have direct efferent connections with premotor,
      motor, and associative sections of the sigmoid gyrus and with the anterior
      lateral convolution. Besides, the orbital convolution has connections with the
      auditory, visual, and associative sections of the neocortex. The orbital cortex
      was concluded to be the basic efferent system of the orbito--frontal cortex
      providing the latter's conncetions with different sections of the neocortex; the
      proreal cortex projects efferents only to adjacent sections of the frontal
      cortex.

PMID- 1201785
TI  - [Transcallosal modulation of the focus of maximal activity in the visual cortex].
AB  - In cats, EPs on binocular and monocular adequate stimulation in 270 symmetrical
      points of the visual cortex (the 17, 18, and 19 fields, and the medial portion of
      the suprasylvian gyrus), were studied. Charts of the maximal activity foci were
      drawn. Callosal transection was shown to enlarge the foci. The phenomenon of
      narrowing foci of maximal activity in animals with intact callosal system was
      found to be due to suppressing (resiprocal) interhemispherical influences
      increasing from the periphery towards the center of the focus. A spatial
      transcallosal modulation of the thalamo-cortical activation was suggested to
      exist in the visual cortex.

PMID- 1201786
TI  - [Specific features of cerebral cortical neurons reacting to thermal stimulation
      of the skin].

PMID- 1201787
TI  - [Accomodation of cat motor cortex neurons to a sawtooth current].

PMID- 1201788
TI  - [The relationship between oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogpam and
      components of the visual cortex evoked response].
AB  - In the electroretingram of rabbit, the oscillatory potentials (OPs) were shown to
      appear in response to a wide range of the light stimuli intensities (0.023--120
      joules). The minimum time required for the OP onset was 10 msec. The OP duration
      was independent of the stimulus intensity and ranged between 6--7 msec. The
      number of OPs, their amplitudes, latency, and peak latency varied along with the
      intensity of the stimuli. OP1 occurred during developing of "a" wave, while OP2,
      OP3, OP4--at the ascending phase of "b" wave of the electroretinogram. The
      latency and the peak latency of the OP1 were always shorter than the respective
      parameters of the first component of evoked potential in the visual cortex. A
      definite time correlation between the formation of OP1 and OP2 and the first two
      components of the evoked potential was revealed. Interrelationship between OP3,
      OP4, and later components of evoked potentials in the visual cortex was much more
      complicated.

PMID- 1201789
TI  - [A new variation of the schematic eye].
AB  - Analysis of the eye optical system showed  the presently existing variant of the
      schematic eye with its of , accommodation mechanism to be inadequate to a real
      eye. On the basis of accomodation occurring simultaneously with change of the
      crystalline lens focal distance and displacement of the retina, a new variant of
      the schematic eye which seems to be more adequate to a real eye, has been
      suggested.

PMID- 1201790
TI  - [The skeltal muscle recovery process following disorders in impulse activity].
AB  - Unilateral transection and partial resection of the sciatic nerve after intensive
      muscular activity entail changes in the biochemical restitution processes in both
      denervated and contralateral intact muscles. The data obtained reveal the obvious
      metabolic changes in muscle fibers due to nervous deprivation.

PMID- 1201791
TI  - [Afferent activity in the renal nerves of awake dogs treated with diuretics].
AB  - In alert dogs with electrodes implanted into the kidney nerves the afferent
      activity following the influence upon kidney receptors, was studied with the aid
      of lazix and mannitol administration against the background of the water-milk
      uptake. The water-milk uptake was followed by no significant changes of nervous
      activity. Metabolic disturbances due to lazix altered the kidney nerves activity.
      Acceleration of the kidney filtration due to mannitol was followed by a short
      lasting unstable decrease in the afferent nerves activity.

PMID- 1201792
TI  - [The state of the anticoagulant system following perfusion of the isolated kidney
      with thrombin, N-acetyl-thrombin or trypsin].
AB  - Tripsine perfused through the rabbit humorally isolated kidney with preserved
      innervation evokes, like the thrombin, an activation of the second
      anticoagulating system (SAS). N-acetyl-thrombin lacking in coagulating effect due
      to blockade of free aminogroups, did not evoke the activation of the SAS under
      the same conditions.

PMID- 1201793
TI  - [The effect of environmental temperature on the state of the blood coagulation
      system].
AB  - Drop of external temperature to +2 degrees C followed by muscle shivering
      activated the coagulating and depressed the anticoagulating and fibrinolytic
      processes. On overheating of the organism and development of the hyperemia, a
      tendency to hypocoagulation appeared.

PMID- 1201794
TI  - [The contractile activity of amphibian vein smooth muscle cells].
AB  - In frogs, the contractile activity of the antetior abdominal, femoral, and of the
      major skin veins was studied. The electric transmural stimulation, potassium
      chloride ions, and catecholamines were found to activate the contractile
      apparatus of the veins. Spontaneous mechanical activity was not characteristic of
      the vessels under study; acetylcholine and a rapid stretching of a vein's segment
      were followed by no active contractile response.

PMID- 1201795
TI  - [Changes in blood pressure and impulse activity in intestinal nerves during
      exposure of small intestine interoreceptors to lactic acid].
AB  - I. a. administration of threshold concentration (0.2 ml 7.8 mM) of lactic acid
      into the small intestine was found to increase afferent and efferent impulsation
      in the intestinal nerves as well as the systemic arterial blood pressure in
      anesthetized cats. Increase in the lactic acid concentration up to 250 mM/l
      resulted in two-phasic augmentation of the nerve responses and of the pressor
      reflexes. In the range from 7.8 to 62.5 mM/l of lactic acid concentration the
      absolute magnitude of pressor reflexes was 2.3 +/- 0.6--4.2 +/- 0.5 mm Hg.
      Further increase in the lactic acid concentration (up to 250 mM/l) produced on
      augmentation in the reflexes magnitude up to 18 +/- 2.8 mm Hg. A possible
      functional role of afferent impulses generated by the tissue receptors following
      an increase in metabolites concentration in the organs, is discussed.

PMID- 1201796
TI  - [Participation of the small intestine in carbohydrate metabolism].
AB  - Participation of the small intestine in the intermediate carbohydrate metabolism
      was pointed out by appearing of glucose in the small intestine secret within 2-3
      hrs after carbohydrate uptake in the concentration comparable or even exceeding
      that in the blood. The glucose concentration in the blood drops just when it
      increases in the intestinal juice, while increase in the blood sugar coincided
      with reducing of the glucose concentration in the small intestine secret. This
      suggests that the small intestine lumen can serve as one of the depots for
      carbohydrates: a kind of temporary depot for monomeres.

PMID- 1201797
TI  - [Caloric metabolism in humans with different degrees of bodily overheating].

PMID- 1201799
TI  - [Use of a mathematical model to assess cutaneous blood flow and heat loss during
      a thermoregulatory reaction].
AB  - The general blood flow and heat loss were determined in the rabbit ear with the
      aid of a mathematical model and on the basis of measurements of ambient,
      hypothalamic, and the ear temperatures, while the ambient temperature changed
      from--10 degrees C to + 40 degrees C. A static dependence of ear's heat loss on
      the blood flow intensity at different ambient temperatures, was quantitatively
      determined.

PMID- 1201800
TI  - [Depression of the electrotonic posterior root potential].

PMID- 1201801
TI  - [EEG and local cerebral blood flow recording in different regions of the brain in
      awake cats].

PMID- 1201798
TI  - [The relationship between temperature adaptation and the effect of noradrenaline
      on central control of thermoregulation].
AB  - In rats cold--adapted (1--3 degrees C) or warmth--adapted (26--28 degrees C) for
      4--5 weeks, the body temperature, oxygen uptake, electric muscle activity were
      continuously recorded before and after intraventricular injection of
      noradrenaline (NA) at a total volume of 5--8 mcl. At the ambient temperature of
      25 degrees C, extremely small doses (5--8 mcg) of NA raised the body temperature
      due to shivering. Injections of NA were more effective in the cold--adapted rats.
      Injections of NA at a low ambient temperature (10 degrees C) evoked greater
      thermoregulatory responses in the warmth-adapted rats.

PMID- 1201802
TI  - [Measurement of low-amplitude pulsatile variations in pressure using a two
      chamber tensometric device].

PMID- 1201803
TI  - [A transistor adaptor for contactless registration of phlebograms].

PMID- 1201804
TI  - H-2-associated quantitative traits; statistical analysis of the relative
      contributions of the H-2 linked genes and the residual genotype.
AB  - Several associations have been recently reported of the kind that a certain H-2
      haplotype tends to be accompanied by a low value and another H-2 haplotype by a
      high value of some quantitative traits. This includes also the weights of
      lymphoid and reproductive organs. In order to throw more light on the seeming
      clustering within the H-2 gene complex of the genetic determinants of such
      traits, statistical analysis of the relative contributions of the H-2 and the
      total residual genotypes to the variations in the weight of the thymus, spleen,
      lymph nodes, testes, seminal vesicles and ovaries was performed. Ten
      genotypically uniform populations of 2-month-old mice, each consisting of 31
      males and 31 females, were analyzed using two different statistical procedures.
      Four of them were mice of the inbred strains A (H-2a), B10 (H-2b), A.BY (H-2b)
      and B10.A (H-2a) and six were various F1 hybrids derived from these four strains.
      The conclusion based on both approaches was that the relative contribution to the
      variations in the weight of the tested organs from the H-2 haplotype is much
      smaller or maximally not greater than the contribution from the total residual
      genotype.

PMID- 1201805
TI  - The relative effect of H-2 disparity between irradiated host and injected bone
      marrow cells on their total proliferative and erythropoietic activities in the
      host's spleen.
AB  - Previous experiments showed that in the spleen of non-syngeneic (H-2 disparate)
      irradiated hosts, the colony-forming performance of injected bone marrow cells
      may be markedly lower than the standard syngeneic performance. There were also
      some indications that the deficit was due to a deviated differentiation of the
      pluripotent stem cells into an alternative pathway. In the present study, the
      total proliferative activity of donor bone marrow cells [B10.A(2R)] in the
      syngeneic or allogeneic [B10.A(5R)] hosts was measured as the rate of uptake of
      125IUdR and the erythropoietic activity as the rate of uptake of 59Fe. Since both
      activities are linear functions of the number of injected cells, their inhibition
      in allogeneic hosts could be judged by the relative slopes of the comparable
      regression lines. Well reproducible results showed that the erythropoietic
      activity was inhibited more than the total proliferative activity; this suggests
      that the residual component of the total proliferative activity must be inhibited
      less (or even stimulated) in the allogeneic host. The possibility that the
      differential effect of the allogeneic host environment on the total and
      erythropoietic activities might be due to a deviated differentiation of some
      pluripotent cells into the lymphopoietic pathway is discussed.

PMID- 1201806
TI  - Lymphocyte trapping and activation in the regional lymph node stimulated by
      cellular and soluble antigens.
AB  - Cellularity and intensity of RNA synthesis in the popliteal lymph nodes of mice
      treated with different types of antigen injected subcutaneously into the hind
      footpads were followed. The percentage of lymphocytes with nucleoli synthesizing
      the RNA, incorporation of 3H-uridine and cellularity increased in the lymph node
      draining the site of antigenic stimulation. This activation occurred as early as
      1 day after injection of living cells and the time of maximal RNA synthesis
      preceded the time of maximal cellularity. The response was seen as late as 3-7
      days after injection of dead cells and soluble antigens. In contrast to living
      cells, soluble antigens induced the trapping of cells before the increase of the
      formation of ribonucleic acid. The described testing of stimulation of the
      draining lymph node may serve as a rapid, and economical assay for immunogenicity
      of unknown substances.

PMID- 1201807
TI  - Peripheral blood lymphocyte nucleoli of rats with Yoshida ascitic sarcoma and the
      effect of cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Changes in the leucocytes, lymphocytes and peripheral blood lymphocyte nucleoli
      of Yoshida ascitic sarcoma bearing rats untreated and treated with
      cyclophosphamide were studied. In the course of the growth of Yoshida ascitic
      sarcoma lymphocytes with "active" nucleoli (compact nucleoli and nucleoli with
      nucleolonemas) first increased and then, in the terminal stage of the disease,
      decreased in number. The number of lymphocytes with ring-shaped nucleoli
      ("reversibly inactive") and micronucleoli was rising throughout the disease. The
      increase in numbers of micronucleoli in the lymphocytes produced increased values
      of nucleolar coefficient. After administration of cyclophosphamide to rats with
      transplanted tumour the number of lymphocytes with both "active" and "reversibly
      inactive" nucleoli decreased and the number of lymphocytes with micronucleoli
      increased. The increase in the proportion of micronucleoli also led to increased
      values of nucleolar coefficient. After cessation of cyclophosphamide treatment
      and when the signs of the neoplastic disease had disappeared, the changes
      observed in the white blood cell picture returned to the values before sarcoma
      transplantation.

PMID- 1201808
TI  - Protection against long ultraviolet and/or visible light with topical
      dihydroxyacetone. Implications for the mechanism of action of the sunscreen
      combination, dihydroxyacetone/naphthoquinone.
AB  - Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) chemically induces long ultraviolet (UV) and/or visible
      photoprotection into the stratum corneum as demonstrated by (a) long UV
      protection of albino rats which were psoralen-photosensitized to black
      fluorescent light and (b) sunlight protection of five patients with long UV
      and/or visible photosensitivity. Previously, DHA treatment of skin was considered
      to provide no protection against UV. For clinical use, the combination of DHA and
      lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is preferred to DHA alone, because it
      provides rapid, positive protection over a range extending from short UV into the
      visible region of sunlight.

PMID- 1201810
TI  - Incontinentia pigmenti et achromians.
AB  - A case is reported, apparently the first of its kind in the literature, of a
      female child in which there were not only pigmented lesions of incontinentia
      pigmenti but also hypopigmented lesions of incontinentia pigmenti achromians. The
      title incontinentia pigmenti et achromians is suggested for this combined
      disorder. The child also had associated lesions in the form of nail dystrophy,
      delayed dentition and epilepsy.

PMID- 1201809
TI  - Treatment of psoriasis with long-wave ultraviolet light.
AB  - The effect of long-wave ultraviolet light on psoriasis was studied in 10
      patients, using the method of paired comparisons. The radiation failed to have
      any demonstrable effect.

PMID- 1201811
TI  - Visken as supplementary drug in the treatment of pemphigus.
AB  - Results of combined treatment with low doses of steroids (50-10-5 mg) and Visken
      (7.5-15 mg) in 5 cases of pemphigus erythematosus and 5 cases of pemphigus
      vulgaris are presented. Treatment lasted from 30 days to 1.5 years. Some of the
      patients had been previously treated with steroids and immunosuppressive drugs,
      but had active lesions or frequent recurrences. In pemphigus erythematosus, very
      good results were obtained in 3 of 5 cases, and failure in 2 cases was probably
      related to insufficient dosage of steroids, or no treatment with steroids at all.
      In pemphigus vulgaris results were not satisfactory. Visken can serve as a
      supplementary drug in the treatment of pemphigus erythematosus. No complications
      were observed, and the drug may be regarded as safe.

PMID- 1201813
TI  - Vitamin A acid in the topic treament of plantar warts.
AB  - An ointment with 2% vitamin A acid was applied under occlusion to 50 patients
      with plantar warts. Only 17 could be considered as cured after 2-10 weeks of
      treatment.

PMID- 1201812
TI  - Generalized mastocytosis, relapsing herpes zoster and polyradiculoneuritis.
AB  - A 68-year-old woman suffering from a longstanding urticaria pigmentosa with mast
      cell infiltrations in bones had two attacks of herpes zoster. The second herpes
      zoster attack was followed by a severe polyradiculoneuritis (Guillain-Barre
      syndrome). The sequence of events suggests an immunological deficiency.

PMID- 1201814
TI  - Lichenoid eruption following penicillamine. A case report with some biochemical
      observations.
AB  - The phenomenon of lichenoid eruptions following medication with antimalarial,
      anti-arthritis and antibacterial medication is well documented in the literature.
      We report here the first case to be described as a result of anti-arthritis
      treatment with penicillamine, together with some biochemical studies of the
      effect of this compound on the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1201815
TI  - Effect of pentagastrin and gastric alkalinization on lower esophageal sphincter
      pressure in diffuse esophageal spasm.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous pentagastrin
      and gastric alkalinization on the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure in
      seven patients with diffuse esophageal spasm as compared to nine normal controls.
      Intravenous injections of 0.2 and 0.4 mug pentagastrin/kg body weight increased
      LES pressure significantly more in patients than in control subjects (p less than
      0.05, p less than 0.01). Following gastric alkalinization both groups showed
      increases in LES pressure, but these were significantly greater for patients with
      diffuse esophageal spasm (p less than 0.05) than for controls. The results of our
      study indicate that the LES in patients with diffuse esophageal spasm is
      supersensitive to pentagastrin and gastric alkalinization.

PMID- 1201816
TI  - Serum C3 and C4 complement components in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
AB  - Serum C3 and C4 complement components were estimated in patients with Crohn's
      disease and ulcerative colitis. In Crohn's disease, serum C4 concentrations were
      significantly higher than those of controls. In ulcerative colitis, significantly
      higher concentrations of C3 and C4 were associated with severe or extensive
      disease, and C4 concentrations may remain high, years after total colectomy.

PMID- 1201817
TI  - Effects of somatostatin on gastric secretion and gastrin release in man.
AB  - Somatostatin, a recently synthesized hypothalamic growth hormone release
      inhibiting factor (GIF), was used in the cyclic and linear form. In all subjects
      studied, the cyclic GIF inhibited gastrin secretion during basal conditions as
      well as during a standard food stimulus, with immediate rebound after the
      infusion was stopped. Similar responses were observed in a hypophysectomized
      patient, indicating that this effect of GIF was independent of suppression of
      growth hormone secretion. Cyclic and linear GIF, when administered in normal
      subjects during an infusion of synthetic human gastrin I, almost totally
      suppressed gastric secretion. The results indicate that GIF is a potent inhibitor
      of gastric secretion and gastrin release.

PMID- 1201818
TI  - Long-term clinical, radiological and manometric follow-up of patients with
      achalasia of the esophagus treated with esophagomyotomy.
AB  - Twenty adult patients with achalasia of the esophagus were treated with an
      anterior esophagomyotomy and fundic patch. A significant decrease in resting
      gastroesophageal sphincter pressure was obtained immediately after surgery (p
      less than 0.001). One case was lost and the rest were followed up for 34 months.
      Patients had no esophageal symptoms and resting gastroesophageal sphincter
      pressure remained in low values. Surgical procedure is an adequate and definitive
      treatment for this disease.

PMID- 1201819
TI  - Early inhibition of hepatic bilirubin conjugation after paracetamol
      (acetaminophen) administration in the rat.
AB  - Administration of paracetamol (acetaminophen) 13.3 mmol kg-1 body weight to rats
      led 2 h later to an impaired capacity to conjugate an intravenous load of
      bilirubin, in the absence of biochemical signs of liver damage and before the
      reactive metabolite of the drug had become bound within the liver. In addition,
      paracetamol inhibited the excretion into the bile of conjugated bilirubin,
      although the plasma levels of the uncomjugated pigment only were elevated. This
      study provides additional evidence that hepatic glucuronide conjugation is
      impaired early after paracetamol overdose, and that this precedes the
      accumulation and binding of the hepatotoxic metabolite of the drug within the
      liver cells.

PMID- 1201820
TI  - EEG in ulcerative colitis.
AB  - Electroencephalographic tracings of 50 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were
      compared with those of 75 controls. In the UC patients a 24% incidence of
      abnormal tracings was found as compared with an 8% incidence in the controls. A
      higher incidence of abnormal electroencephalograms was found among active cases
      of UC than among those in remission. The meaning of these results is not yet
      clear.

PMID- 1201821
TI  - Effect of fatty acids on the stimulated gastric secretion in man.
AB  - Solutions and emulsions of sodium or potassium salts in a series of saturated
      fatty acids from C8 to C18 were given in a dose of 0.5 g intraduodenally to
      healthy males or patients with healed duodenal ulcer. A double-lumen Sarles tube
      with a balloon placed in the proximal duodenum was used. The substances were
      instilled after a plateau of gastric acid secretion induced by a continuous
      infusion of pentagastrin was reached. In order to exclude unspecific effects, the
      test solutions were adjusted to a pH around 7.0 and to plasma isosmolality.
      Compared with the other tested substances, the emulsion of 0.5 g sodium-oleate
      was the most effective in inhibiting the stimulated gastric acid secretion.
      Sodium caprinate and caprylate had a considerable, but smaller effect than oleic
      acid on the secretory plateau. Palmitate and laurate provoked only a slight
      decrease in acid secretion. Myristate was ineffective. These results could
      suggest that different receptors are responsible for fat-induced inhibition of
      the gastric acid secretion.

PMID- 1201823
TI  - [Genesis of C-cells of the thyroid gland in Wistar rats].
AB  - Proliferation of the C cells of the rat thyroid gland under conditions of
      prolonged hypercalcemia induced with vit. D3 leading sometimes to a formation of
      adenoma-like nodules was observed. Metaplasia of the follicular epithelium into
      the C cells observed in the process of nodules formation seems to point out that
      the C cells and the follicular cells of the thyroid gland arise from a common
      maternal cell.

PMID- 1201822
TI  - [Spontaneous degeneration of neurons of the Nucl. tractus mesenceph. n. trigemini
      during the perinatal period of an ontogenic series of Albino mice].
AB  - The spontaneous degeneration of neurons of the Nucl. tractus mesenceph. n.
      trigemini of 33 male NMRI-mice between 19 and 60 days of ontogenesis has been
      analyzed fitting the exponential function (see article). The number of neurons
      decreases from 1500 at birth to 1200 at the adult level. The damping of the curve
      is 4.8. This nucleus is compared with other nuclei of the albino mouse (Nucl. n.
      oculomotorii, Nucl. cochleares dorsalis et ventralis). The spontaneous reduction
      of the number of neurons seems to be a common phenomen during the perinatal time
      of the mammals. There is a heterochronous reduction for the different analyzed
      nuclei.

PMID- 1201824
TI  - [Some remarks on the problem of variance inhomogeneity in medical data analysis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1201825
TI  - [Non-traumatic subluxation of the scaphoid bone of the hand].
AB  - It is demonstrated in three clinical case reports that a subluxation of the
      scaphoid bone and a diastasis between the scaphoid and the lunate can occur in
      association not only with traumatic injury but with chronic inflammatory
      conditions of the wrist. In one case the etiology was purulent synovitis, in the
      2nd an unspecific synovitis with serous exudate, and in the 3rd case rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 1201826
TI  - [Late results in the surgical treatment of camptodactylia].
AB  - Fifteen patients with camptodactyly were treated operatively by flexor tendon
      transfer for reconstruction of the muscle balance with or without arthroplasty.
      If necessary skin plasties were performed (Tab. 3). The follow-up time ranged
      from 3 to 12 years. The results show that the principal cause of the malformation
      is an imbalance between the flexion and extension forces. The best methods for
      correction of the flexion deformity were transfer of the superficialis tendon to
      the extensor apparatus or simple reinforcement of the apparatus in the region of
      the proximal interphalangeal joint. A major conclusion was that successful result
      will be obtained only in children and adolescents. Corrective operations in
      adults should therefore be no longer recommended.

PMID- 1201827
TI  - [Luxations and subluxations of the scaphoid bone].
AB  - The rare occurrence and the difficulties in diagnosis make partial and total
      luxations of the scaphoid to a problematic chapter in hand surgery. The main part
      in diagnosis lies in the correct interpretation of the X-ray pictures from which
      the different formes of displacement may be recognized. These include isolated
      luxations of scaphoid in palmar, radial or dorsal directions, varying degrees of
      scapho-lunate subluxations and luxations and the special type of isolated
      subluxation of the scaphoid bone. In the first part of the paper the diagnostic
      criteria and in particular the radiologic signs are described. Most important is
      the recognition of the alteration in the shapes of the scaphoid bone due to its
      tilting on several axes and the overlapping of its outline with that of the
      adjacent bones. The displacement of the whole carpal region can extend as far
      distal as the metacarpals. A diastasis of the scaphoid and lunate is typically
      due to rupture of the ligaments between these bones and the radius.

PMID- 1201828
TI  - [2 Kirschner wires as simplified external fixation devices in finger joint
      arthrosis].
AB  - A new technique for arthrodesis of the PIP joint is described; after resection of
      the joint two percutaneous Kirschner wires of diameter 1.2-1.3 mm are placed
      transversely through the two phalanges. The wires are twisted together on each
      side of the finger to produce a compression effect on the bone surface.
      Additional external immobilisation is used for five days only, but the wires are
      left in place for six weeks. The method has been used without complication in ten
      patients. The average length of time off work was seven and a half weeks. In the
      author's view the advantages of this method lie in its technical simplicity and
      in the free movement of other finger joints.

PMID- 1201829
TI  - Surgical treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome.
AB  - Surgical decompression was performed in two hundred ninety one cases of carpal
      tunnel syndrome with good results in 80%, fair results in 10% and poor results in
      10% of the cases.

PMID- 1201830
TI  - [Occupational therapeutic measures before and after surgical correction of hands
      with congenital malformations].
AB  - The task of the occupational therapist following surgical procedures on deformed
      hands is discussed. In the child with congenital malformations, we must not only
      be concerned with treatment of the deformity but we must be concerned about the
      psychic problems which can develop following prolonged hospitalization or
      overprotection. One must be keenly observant to detect these problems early.
      Preoperative testing utilizing a standardized gripping test is carried out by the
      occupational therapist. The necessity for this is demonstrated by the example of
      the radial clubhand. In this way complications such as correction of clubhand in
      the face of a stiff elbow or pollicisation in the presence of inadequate clubhand
      correction can thus be avoided. After operation training in the new functions is
      begun as early as possible; preferably with individual supervision. Daily
      repetative and progressive exercises should result in maximum utilization of
      gripping ability provided by the operative procedure. The treatment program also
      includes the adaptation of clothing, the production of appliances and splints, in
      co-operation with the orthopedic technician, as well as specially designed
      functional exercises. All these factors are as important as the operative
      procedure itself in contributing to maximum benifit. All essential findings and
      their variations must be written down. Also the photographic documentation of the
      functions is the job of the occupational therapist. Sufficient time should be
      allowed prior to discharge to inform the parents about the newly acquired
      functions and the use of the applicances. The maintenance and further development
      of the newly acquired functions is insured through the continued ambulatory
      supervision by the doctor and the occupational therapist. The occupational
      therapist thus has a significant job as a member of the team in a special unit
      for children with congenital malformations.

PMID- 1201831
TI  - Effects of prolonged ethylene thiourea ingestion on the thyroid of the rat.

PMID- 1201832
TI  - Tissue distribution, excretion and biological effects of [14C]tetrachlorodibenzo
      p-dioxin in rats.

PMID- 1201833
TI  - Generation and inhalation toxicity of dichloroacetylene.

PMID- 1201834
TI  - Long-term toxicity of four fluorescent whitening agents.

PMID- 1201835
TI  - Long-term safety studies of a chloroform-containing dentifrice and mouth-rinse in
      man.

PMID- 1201836
TI  - The rabbit as a model for evaluating skin irritants: a comparison of results
      obtained on animals and man using repeated skin exposures.

PMID- 1201837
TI  - Absence of carcinogenic activity in BD rats after oral administration of high
      doses of bismuth oxychloride.

PMID- 1201838
TI  - Letter: Mouse data.

PMID- 1201839
TI  - The mass media and violence.

PMID- 1201841
TI  - A general practitioner looks at violence.

PMID- 1201840
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of violence and violent offenders.

PMID- 1201843
TI  - The reform of the law against violence.

PMID- 1201842
TI  - Sexual violence.

PMID- 1201844
TI  - Current attitudes to violence.

PMID- 1201845
TI  - A workshop to train community-care staff to use behavior modification techniques.

PMID- 1201847
TI  - Integrating mental health concepts into a curriculum for nursing students.

PMID- 1201848
TI  - The use of home visits to avoid hospitalization in a psychotic crisis.

PMID- 1201846
TI  - Using family photographs to improve communication in therapy sessions.

PMID- 1201849
TI  - The second-in-command syndrome.
AB  - Individuals who are second in command in organization have common problems that
      result from their role, as illustrated in a hypothetical example of the
      relationship of a first-in-command and second-in-command in establishing a day
      hospital. The authors believe that first and seconds can funtion most effectively
      by accepting inevitabilities--for instance, that competition exists and that
      perfect communication is impossible--and recognizing that the relationship has
      great potential for destructiveness as well as many advantages. They discuss the
      needs to define boundaries on the basis of skills and personality variables and
      to respect individual identity.

PMID- 1201850
TI  - A unit for delivering multiple drug treatment and prevention services.
AB  - A diverse group of drug abusers in New Haven has benefited from a multifaceted
      treatment program at the Connecticut Mental Health Center's drug dependence unit.
      The unit is also involved in research, training, and community education:
      Treatment approaches include methadone maintenance, long- and short-term
      therapeutic communities, a day program for adolescents, and a low-intervention
      program using narcotic antagonists. Out of approximately 2400 applicants, 1600
      have entered treatment, and 550 are considered drug-free program graduates. A
      long-term follow-up study is in progress to validate and extend those initial
      results.

PMID- 1201851
TI  - A rural mental health delivery system.
AB  - The Four Corners Community Mental Health Center, located in southeastern Utah,
      was established in March 1972 to begin the difficult task of bringing
      comprehensive community mental health services to a vast, sparsely populated
      multiethnic region whose residents had no previous experience with mental health
      programs. The staff, facing obstacles such as long distances between patients'
      home, cultural barriers, and a mistrust of mental health programs, set up a
      diverse delivery system using two central offices, nine satellite clinics, and a
      psychiatric wing at a general hospital in Price. In 1973 the center applied for
      and received a construction grant to build a five-bed psychiatric wing at the
      hospital. Outreach workers and indigenous volunteers help bridge the cultural
      barriers and take the services to the people.

PMID- 1201852
TI  - Group therapy as a treatment technique for severely disturbed outpatients.
AB  - The outpatient psychia-ric department of a general hospital utilizes an
      economical four-day-a-week group program for severely disturbed patients who need
      intensive therapy but not hospitalization. The main treatment modality is group
      therapy four days a week; patients also have access to occupational therapy,
      vocational rehabilitation counseling, and community activities. Follow-up of 48
      patients showed that 82 per cent felt they had improved. The author believes such
      a program can be offered as an economical alternative to a day hospital that is
      not feasible because of lack of space and staff.

PMID- 1201853
TI  - Influence of growth rate on protein synthesis and distribution of ribosomes in
      HeLa cells.
AB  - HeLa cells have been grown at different rates in steady-state continuous and semi
      continuous culture. Slowly growing cells contain more protein  and less RNA than
      rapidly growing cells, but appear to synthesize protein by less efficient use of
      the available RNA. The rate of RNA accumulation increases rapidly with increasing
      growth rate and rapidly growing cells contain more ribosomal subunits, and more
      and larger polysomes, but have fewer monoribosomes than slowly growing cells.

PMID- 1201854
TI  - Use of the local anesthetic lidocaine for cell harvesting and subcultivation.
AB  - Cell suspensions from monolayer cultures of 3T3, SV-3T3, BHK, BS-C-1, or
      macrophages, were prepared by brief exposure of the cultures to the amide
      anesthetic lidocaine. Cells were subcultivated six times without marked
      impairment of plating efficiency. The method should be applicable to
      physiological, biochemical, or immunological studies in which exposure of cells
      to proteolytic enzymes is to be avoided.

PMID- 1201855
TI  - Establishment of two cell lines from embryonic tissue of the tobacco hornworm,
      Manduca sexta (L).
AB  - Two cell lines were derived from primary cultures of embryonic tissue of the
      tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.). The cell lines were maintained on hemolymph
      free synthetic insect medium. Cytogenetic and immunoligical identification of the
      lines were carried out. Techniques for obtaining the line and medium,
      subculturieng and freezing procedures for long-term storage, and the
      morphological and growth characteristics are described.

PMID- 1201856
TI  - In vitro cultivation of cells from aneuploid human embryos. Initiation of cell
      lines and longevity of the cultures.
AB  - During a cytogenetic study of human spontaneous abortions, attempts were made to
      initiate cell lines from tissues of embryos with chromosomal anomalies. The rate
      of success of these attempts and the life-span of the cell cultures is correlated
      with the development attained by these aneusomic embryos.

PMID- 1201857
TI  - Quantitative determination of specific IgE antibodies to Echinococcus granulosus
      and IgE levels in sera from patients with hydatid disease.
AB  - High serum IgE levels were found in eighty-nine patients with hydatid disease.
      Specific IgE antibodies to E. granulosus hydatid fluid or to a pure E. granulosus
      antigen were isolated using immunoabsorbents and quantified by a
      radioimmunoassay. The procedure made it possible to quantify, for the first time,
      the concentration of IgE antibodies in units per millilitre. Significant levels
      of IgE antibodies were demonstrated in twenty-three out of thirty-nine patients,
      by the use of standardized hydatid fluid antigens. The amount of IgE antibodies
      to E. granulosus was not related to serological findings. However, a highly
      significant correlation was obtained between levels of total serum IgE and IgE
      antibodies. A pure antigenic fraction prepared from hydatid fluid and known to be
      specific for E. granulosus was shown to be the most potent antigen reactive with
      IgE antibodies. The relationship of IgE antibodies to the viability of the
      hydatid cyst and to the serum IgE level is discussed.

PMID- 1201858
TI  - The allergens of Schistosoma mansoni. II. Further separation by sephadex G-200
      and ion-exchange chromatography.
AB  - A total of thirty-five antigen fractions were prepared from adult Schistosoma
      mansoni by extraction into borate-buffered saline, precipitation at pH 4-6, gel
      filtration on Sephadex G-100 and G-200, and ion-exchange chromatography on CM-
      and DEAE-cellulose. The allergic activity of these antigens was assayed by a
      modified Prausnitz-Kustner (P-K) type reaction in rats. The results showed that
      the allergen-reagin axis in rat schistosomiasis is a multicomponent system
      involving molecules of widely different chemical nature and molecular weight,
      rather than a simple, single antigen-antibody interaction. The significance of
      these findings to the use of purified antigens for the diagnosis of
      schistosomiasis in the field is discussed.

PMID- 1201859
TI  - The immunological response of the rat to infection with taeniaeformis. IV.
      Immunoglobulins involved in passive transfer of resistance from mother to
      offspring.
AB  - Weanling rats born of mothers infected with Taenia taeniaeformis were found to be
      passively protected against homologous challenge. Cross-fostering of normal
      suckling rats onto immune mothers established that passive transfer occurred via
      the colostrum and milk. Immunoglobulin fractions containing gammaA from immune
      colostrum were fed to 12-14-day-old rats for 4 days via stomach tube. Significant
      passive protection against challenge with T. taeniaeformis was achieved with
      gammaA from one of three colostrum pools. The effect of colostral gammaA
      preparations on the infectivity of freshly hatched oncopheres of T. taeniaeformis
      was measured by the intra-intestinal inoculation of immunoglobulin solutions into
      isolated gut loops containing hatched eggs of the parasite. gammaA from one of
      three pools of immune colostrum caused a significant reduction in the number of
      parasites which reached the liver. This appears to be the first time that
      protective activity against a helminth infection has been achieved with gammaA. A
      fraction of immune colostrum containing both 7Sgamma1 and 7Sgamma2
      immunoglobulins was found to confer passive protection when inoculated
      parenterally. In view of the prolonged period of absorption (ca 18 days) of 7S
      immunoglobulins from the gut by the suckling rat, it seems likely that these
      antibodies are primarily responsible for the natural passive transfer of
      protection from mother to young.

PMID- 1201860
TI  - The immunological response of the rat to infection with Taenia taeniaeformis. V.
      Sequence of appearance of protective immunoglobulins and the mechanism of action
      of 7Sgamma2a antibodies.
AB  - Passive transfer of immunity to Taenia taeniaeformis was achieved with serum
      taken 14, 21, 49 and 63 days after infection. The protective capacity of serum
      collected at 14 and 21 days resided in the 7Sgamma2 immunoglobulins and appeared
      to be partics the infection progressed the range of chromatographic fractions
      showing protective capacity was extended to all those containing 7Sgamma2 and
      7Sgamma1 immunoglobulins. Fractions enriched for gammaM did not confer
      protection. Immune serum containing 7Sgamma2a antibodies was able to kill
      developing parasites after they had left the intestine, and the hepatic
      postoncospheral forms retained their susceptibility to antibody over the first 5
      days of growth. After that time they rapidly became insusceptible to antibody
      both in vivo and in vitro. Susceptibility to antibody-mediated attack was
      complement dependent. This appears to be the first time that complement has been
      demonstrated to play a role in immunity to a helminth infection in vivo. This
      finding is discussed in relation to the phenomenon of cestode parasite survival
      in immune animals.

PMID- 1201861
TI  - Fragmentation of human IgG by a new protease isolated from the basidiomycete
      Armillaria mellea.
AB  - Digestion of human IgG by a new lysine-specific protease, isolated from the
      basidiomycete Armillaria mellea, produced Fc and Fab fragments similar to those
      produced by papain digestion of the same molecule. Digestion appeared to be
      restricted to a single cleavage point within the hinge region of the IgG
      molecule. Myeloma proteins of IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses were found to be
      digested at an extremely rapid rate whereas IgG2 myeloma proteins appeared to be
      resistant to digestion by this enzyme.

PMID- 1201862
TI  - Paraproteinaemia in inbred chickens.
AB  - Sera from seventy chickens of several inbred lines were screened by cellulose
      acetate electrophoresis for abnormalities of immunoglobulin production. IgG
      levels in two sera (both from apparently healthy birds) were unusually high. The
      IgG proteins purified from these two sera were shown, by isoelectric focusing, to
      be of restricted heterogeneity.

PMID- 1201863
TI  - Effects of roasting temperatures and gamma irradiation on the content of
      chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and soluble carbohydrates of coffee.

PMID- 1201864
TI  - Rapid estimation of the radiation dose to patients from radionuclidic impurities
      in eluates from generators.

PMID- 1201865
TI  - The synthesis of 13N labeled atmospheric gases via proton irradiation of a high
      pressure oxygen target.

PMID- 1201866
TI  - Radiation from radium needles.

PMID- 1201867
TI  - New methods for introducing 75Se into radiopharmaceuticals.

PMID- 1201868
TI  - The CdTe sub-miniature semi-conductor detector: a versatile instrument for
      detection of gamma radiation.

PMID- 1201869
TI  - An improved method of fission--fragment radiography of plutonium in rat bone.

PMID- 1201870
TI  - Potential for control of Cadra cautella (Walker) by release of fully or partially
      sterile males.

PMID- 1201871
TI  - Studies on the role of macrophages in regulation of growth and metastasis of
      murine chemically induced fibrosarcomas.
AB  - Murine solid tumors were shown to contain 9-54% medium to large non-malignant
      cells bearing receptors for immunoglobulin Fc. These cells rapidly adhered to
      plastic surfaces, were trypsin-resistant, were capable of phagocytosis of latex
      particles and were sensitive to the lytic effects of anti-macrophage serum and
      complement. Purified Fc-receptor-positive cells failed to produce tumors, which
      strongly suggested that they were macrophages. When tumor-cell suspensions,
      depleted of macrophages by adherence to plastic surfaces, were injected
      subcutaneously into normal syngeneic mice, the tumors displayed an increased
      potential for metastasis. By contrast, control animals which received tumor-cell
      suspensions containing their normal complement of macrophages invariably
      developed progressive localized tumors. The survival times of mice infected with
      macrophage-depleted tumor-cell suspensions were significantly shorter (p less
      than 0.05) than those for animals inoculated with intact tumor-cell suspensions.
      These studies confirm the existence of a substantial number of macrophages within
      progressing syngeneic murine solid tumors and strongly suggest a regulatory role
      for the macrophages in the growth and metastasis of the tumor.

PMID- 1201872
TI  - Inhibition of leukocyte migration in agarose by KCl extracts of human melanoma
      cell line grown in serum-free medium.
AB  - KCl extracts of Melanoma 14, a human melanoma cell line grown in chemically
      defined serum-free medium, inhibited leukocyte migration in 19/36 (53%) patients
      with malignant melanoma. Only 4/23 (17%) controls with non-melanoma malignancies
      and 4/25 (14%) normal subjects with no history of cancer were similarly
      inhibited. Only 2/27 melanoma patients tested against KCl extracts of normal
      muscle tissue excised from the donor of Melanoma 14 were significantly inhibited.
      Patients with Stage I (localized) melanoma and patients with Stage III
      (generalized) melanoma reacted with roughly equal frequency but the number of
      patients in each group was too small for meaningful statistical analysis.
      Leukocytes from the donor of Melanoma 14 were tested in a completely autologous
      system against extracts of Melanoma 14 tissue culture cells and extracts of
      autologous muscle and were specifically inhibited by the Melanoma 14 tissue
      culture extract (Migration Index = 0.67) but not by the extract of normal muscle
      (Migration Index = 0.96). Only 7/32 (22%) melanoma patients were significantly
      inhibited by an extract of non-melanoma tumor. These results suggest that
      melanoma-associated antigens are present in soluble extracts of this tumor line.
      Such extracts could provide a continuing source of standard melanoma-associated
      antigens for purification and chemical characterization and for diagnostic and
      prognostic tests in patients with malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1201873
TI  - In vitro synthesis of tumor-specific factors with blocking and antibody-dependent
      cellular cytotoxicity (ADC) activities.
AB  - Spleen cells from BALB/c mice bearing syngeneic sarcomas and from BALB/c mice
      whose sarcomas had been excised were cultivated in vitro. The culture
      supernatants were tested for two activities: their ability (1) to supress
      ("block") specific lymph-node cell-mediated cytotoxic reactions directed against
      the respective neoplasms; and (2) to induce antibody-dependent cellular
      cytotoxicity (ADC) specific for the antigens of the respective tumors. Both
      specific activities, blocking and induction of ADC, were detected in culture
      supernatants from spleens of tumor-bearing mice, even when repeatedly harvested
      at intervals over a 7-day period. Supernatants of cultured spleen cells from mice
      whose sarcomas had been excised 3-4 weeks previously also had ADC but no blocking
      activity. Supernatnats of cultures treated with inhibitors of protein synthesis
      lacked both blocking and ADC activities; the inhibitory effect of cycloheximide
      on these activities, as well as on protein synthesis, was reversible. Factors in
      the culture supernatants responsible for blocking and for ADC were labelled when
      the culture were incubated with 14C-leucine. The labelled material was retained
      by, and could be eluted from, immunoadsorbents for mouse immunoglobulins. In
      addition, the labelled material bound preferentially to those tumor cells for
      which specific blocking or ADC activities were observed. The findings indicate
      that factors responsible for the blocking and ADC phenomena were indeed
      synthesized by the spleen cells in vitro.

PMID- 1201874
TI  - Social determinants of alcohol and marijuana effects: a systematic theory.
AB  - Based on the sociological perspective on recreational drug effects, three social
      determinants are propositionally related to the normal effects of alcohol and
      marijuana. Effects vary across drugs, users, and situations along an experimental
      behavioral dimension termed "effect-orientation." The content of normative
      expectations toward effects and the interactional characteristics of drug-using
      situations are conceptualized as direct determinants of effect-orientations. The
      relative clarity of normative expectations indirectly influences effect
      orientations through its relationship to the other two social determinants. The
      theory stresses the importance of comparative research on the normal uses of
      alcohol and marijuana.

PMID- 1201875
TI  - Attitudes toward alcohol and drug abuse. II. Experimental data, mass media
      research, and methodological considerations.
AB  - This paper will report data concerning the relationship of attitudes and
      knowledge and will evaluate the effects of various drug and alcohol education
      programs. The effects of the mass media on drug- and alcohol-related attitudes
      will also be reviewed, as wll the various methodological problems encountered in
      the research to date.

PMID- 1201876
TI  - Incidence of hepatitis-associated antigen among male narcotic addicts in a drug
      treatment program.
AB  - Since September of 1972, the Drug Dependence Treatment Unit has been screening
      its narcotic addict patients for the hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA). Among a
      random population of 243 patients, 2% were positive HAA, a relatively high
      incidence.

PMID- 1201877
TI  - Follow-up of a representative sample of heroin addicts.
AB  - The 3.5 year follow-up status of a representative sample of addicts prescribed
      heroin at London Treatment Centres was ascertained using Home Office records.
      Fifty-six percent were still receiving opiates from Clinics with 39% still
      receiving heroin. Six percent were dead, 2% were in prison, while 34% were not
      know to be using drugs or to be institutionalized. Outcome was significantly
      related to age with the older sample members being more likely to be prescribed
      opiates and less likely to be classified as "Off" drugs. This result is in
      contrast to American reports and is possibly indicative of a perpetuation of
      dependency encouraged by current treatment methods. Outcome was further partially
      related to a typology of life styles formulated from date from the original
      samplw with those who were the most Stable in 1969 being more likely to receive
      heroin on prescription in 1973, and those classed as Loners and Two-Worlders in
      the original survey being the most likely to be classed al "Off" drugs by the
      Home Office.

PMID- 1201878
TI  - The need for standardized, scientific criteria for describing drug-using
      behavior.

PMID- 1201879
TI  - Clients and outcomes of a methadone treatment program.

PMID- 1201880
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of drug addiction in Lebanon.

PMID- 1201881
TI  - Demographic characteristics of emergency room admissions of acute drug reactions.
AB  - This study investigated a sample of persons treated for acute drug reactions
      (overdoses) in a hospital emergency room setting to determine the general
      characteristics of these drug abusers and the incidence of drugs responsible for
      their admission. Detailed information is provided on the race and sex composition
      of these drug-abusing patients and comparisons are made with the general
      population of the area serviced by the hospital. The sample consisted of 506
      persons who entered Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Dade County, Florida during
      January-June 1972. A profile of the typical admission for emergency care of a
      nonfatal overdose reveals a White female who is 18-24 hears old and who has
      overdosed on a single legally manufactured and distributed substance, usually a
      sedative.

PMID- 1201882
TI  - Genetics syndromes and predisposition to malignant neoplasms.

PMID- 1201883
TI  - Gonorrhea on the rise.

PMID- 1201884
TI  - The concept of polar forms of leprosy.

PMID- 1201886
TI  - Cutaneous effects from rain-tree honeydrew and aphis insects.
AB  - Honeydrew and aphis insects which fell from a tree were responsible for
      paranesthesiae in a woman. Her condition was incorrectly diagnosed as delusions
      of parasitosis.

PMID- 1201885
TI  - Ultrastructure of keloid: an unusual incident involving lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - A patient with lepromatous leprosy developed keloids on the dorsum of both arms
      in response to ulcerations due to acute erythema nodosum leprosum reactions.
      Electron microscopic examination of the keloidal dermis showed a morphology
      indicative of increased production of normal collagen fibrils. The greatest
      cellular changes from normal were in fibroblasts which were enlarged due to
      increased amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum and extensive Golgi complexes.
      Nuclear folds were also evident in these fibroblasts. Some cells, considered to
      be fibroblasts, were filled with cytoplasmic filaments and contained bizarre
      shaped nuclei. Mast cells, blood vessels and nerve processes were also present.

PMID- 1201888
TI  - Continuing education and self-assessment.

PMID- 1201887
TI  - Self-assessment mini-program. Varicella.

PMID- 1201889
TI  - Letter: International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease.

PMID- 1201890
TI  - Babesia rodhaini: a study of the effects of immune serum.

PMID- 1201891
TI  - The effect of Streptococcus on the persistence of Brugia malayi and on the
      production of elephantiasis in cats.

PMID- 1201892
TI  - Early development and pathogenesis of Lobatostoma manteri Rohde (Trematoda:
      Aspidogastrea).

PMID- 1201893
TI  - Energietics of a host-parasite system: a preliminary report.

PMID- 1201895
TI  - Taenia hydatigena--V. Surface structure of the adult worm and evaginated scolex.

PMID- 1201894
TI  - Studies on resistance in snails: a specific tissue reaction to Echinostoma
      lindoense in Biomphalaria glabrata snails.

PMID- 1201896
TI  - Studies on resistance in snails: specific resistance induced by irradiated
      miracidia of Echinostoma lindoense in Biomphalaria glabrata snails.

PMID- 1201897
TI  - The development of Taenia pisiformis in various definitive host species.

PMID- 1201898
TI  - The effects of x-radiation on Taenia pisiformis.

PMID- 1201899
TI  - The fine structure of Leishmania enriettii in the guinea pig.

PMID- 1201900
TI  - Epidemiological studies on horses infected with nematodes of the family
      Trichonematidae (Witenberg, 1925).

PMID- 1201901
TI  - Contract health service cuts absenteeism.

PMID- 1201902
TI  - Organization is the key factor in big company safety programs.

PMID- 1201904
TI  - Challenge of expanded duties, facts confronts occupational nurses.

PMID- 1201903
TI  - CRTs pose health problems for operators.

PMID- 1201905
TI  - Industrial hygienists must take the offensive.

PMID- 1201906
TI  - Write a concise safety policy.

PMID- 1201907
TI  - Conformational studies on sequential polypeptides Part VI. Structural
      investigations on (Pro-Leu-Gly)10, (Pro-Leu-Gly)n and (Leu-Pro-Gly)n.
AB  - The conformational properties of (Pro-Leu-Gly)10, (Pro-Leu-Gly)n and (Leu-Pro
      Gly)n were investigated both in solution and in solid state. By circular
      dichroism studies it was possible to demonstrate the formation of an ordered
      collagen-like structure for (Pro-Leu-Gly)n in hexafluroisopropanol-water mixtures
      and in ethylene glycol; (Leu-Pro-Gly)n assumes an ordered conformation only in
      ethylene glycol; (Pro-Leu-Gly)10 is unordered under all the conditions studied. X
      ray diffraction patterns indicated that (Pro-Leu-Gly)n and (Leu-Pro-Gly)n assume
      a triple helical structure in solid state. In addition, the investigation of (Pro
      Leu-Gly)n strongly suggests that this type of structure is a single chain triple
      helix. The X-ray patterns of (Pro-Leu-Gly)10 do not allow us to ascertain a
      collagen or polyproline II-like structure for this decatripeptide.

PMID- 1201909
TI  - Studies on protein folding, unfolding and fluctuations by computer simulation. I.
      The effect of specific amino acid sequence represented by specific inter-unit
      interactions.
AB  - A lattice model of proteins is introduced. "A protein molecule" is a chain of
      nown-intersecting units of a given length on the two-dimensional square lattice.
      The copolymeric character of protein molecules is incorporated into the model in
      the form of specificities of inter-unit interactions. This model proved most
      effective for studying the statistical mechanical characteristics of protein
      folding, unfolding and fluctuations. The specificities of inter-unit interactions
      are shown to be the primary factors responsible for the all-or-none type
      transition from native to denatured states of globular proteins. The model has
      been studied by the Monte Carlo method of Metropolis et al., which is now shown
      applied to approximately simulating a kinetic process. In the strong limit of the
      specificity of the inter-unit interaction the native conformation was reached in
      this method by starting from an extended conformation. The possible
      generalization and application of this method for finding the native conformation
      of proteins form their amino sequence are discussed.

PMID- 1201908
TI  - 1H- and 13C-N.M.R. spectra of eledoisin and intermediate oligopeptides.
AB  - The 1H- and 13C-n.m.r. spectra of eledoisin and minor oligopeptides were measured
      and assigned. The proton spectra were interpreted on the basis of homonuclear
      decoupling, chemical shift criteria and spectra simulation. The information
      obtained was used in the assignment of the 13C spectrum via heteronuclear 1H-13C.
      The steric arrangement of proline residue was deduced from the 13C spectrum.
      Moreover the similarity of the 13C spectrum of eledoisin with that of component
      oligopeptides suggests that no considerable conformational change occurs in the
      undecapeptide relative to the component fragments.

PMID- 1201910
TI  - Polypeptide models of collagen. Synthesis of (Pro-Pro-beta-Ala)n.

PMID- 1201911
TI  - The primary structure of ovine interstitial cell stimulating hormone. IV:
      Disulfide bridges of the beta subunit.
AB  - The disulfide linkage of the 12 half-cystine residues in the beta subunit of
      ovine interstitial cell stimulating hormone has been investigated by enzymic and
      partial acid hydrolysis of the intact molecule. Results indicate that the
      disulfide bridges are formed by residues 9-38, 23-72, 26-110, 34-90, 57-88, and
      93-100.

PMID- 1201912
TI  - The synthesis and biological activity of (165, 182, 189-S
      carbamidomethylcysteine)-human growth hormone-(140-191).
AB  - The peptide [165, 182, 189-S-carbamidomethylcysteine]-human growth hormone-(140
      191) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method. The complement fixation,
      lactogenic and growth-promoting activities of the synthetic peptide were
      comparable to that of [165, 182, 189-S-carbamidomethylcysteine]-human growth
      hormone-(141-191) that was derived from the native hormone.

PMID- 1201913
TI  - Preparation of further 2-phenylisopropyloxycarbonyl amino acids for application
      in solid phase peptide synthesis.

PMID- 1201914
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Office forms.
AB  - For each new office problem that occurs, some antidote may be devised using an
      office form. This is an area of office management that really taxes the ingenuity
      of the young ophthalmologist; however, if he or she keeps the concepts of office
      efficiency and patient enlightenment uppermost in mind, the resulting office
      forms will justify their creation many times over.

PMID- 1201915
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Getting paid and completing
      insurance forms.
AB  - This chapter describes a systematic approach to the art of collection for
      services rendered, based primarily on a pay-as-you-go philosophy. A system of
      internal office-controlled billing, timed so that the statements reach the
      patients on the last day of the billing month instead of the first day of the
      following month, unequivocally works more smoothly in the author's office than
      external computerized billing did. Suggestions to effect and maintain a
      collection ratio of at least 95 percent have been enumerated. The use of a new
      statement-and-insurance form facilitates billing, keeping ahead of insurance
      applications for patients, and advising the front office of other internal tasks
      to be performed. Finally, the importance of the general ledger, under the
      supervision of the ophthalmologist's accountant and in conjunction with a control
      procedure (employing the daily master appointment page attached to the
      ophthalmologist's personal worksheet) is stressed, in order to safeguard the
      physician's revenue.

PMID- 1201917
TI  - Commentary: the ophthalmologist-patient relationship.

PMID- 1201916
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Purchase of a medical
      practice.

PMID- 1201918
TI  - The role of legal counsel in the ophthalmologist's practice and personal life.

PMID- 1201920
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Personal financing planning.

PMID- 1201919
TI  - What a bank can do for the ophthalmologist.
AB  - The selection of a bank is the key to personal and professional finance. In this
      world of specialization, it is advisable to seek a banker who can assist one with
      not only the routine banking functions but also with credit accommodations and
      financial planning which will result in both the successful operation of a
      profession and the achieving of a sound estate plan.

PMID- 1201921
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Introduction to insurance.

PMID- 1201922
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Life insurance.
AB  - Life insurance is a necessary part of life. There are many types of insurance,
      with varying costs, so each individual situation calls for a carefully tailored
      policy, modified periodically according to one's changing needs. To  do this
      requires some basic knowledge on the part of the purchaser, plus the coordinated
      help of a competent insurance advisor, lawyer, and accountant. The medical
      prescription a physician writes first requires an adequate examination and workup
      of the patient, following which it is written for a specific purpose. In the same
      way, the life insurance plan selected by an individual should be decided upon
      only after a complete history and examination of that person and his or her
      needs.

PMID- 1201923
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Property and casualty
      insurance.
AB  - This chapter is primarily an overview of the physician's need for insurance; of
      necessity, it is not a detailed examination. Each individual physician should
      review personal insurance needs thoroughly with a reputable insurance agent,
      handling property and casualty insurance, and a life insurance agent with respect
      to need for life insurance and accident, sickness, and medical insurance. As
      mentioned earlier in this chapter, an attorney should review any lease for office
      space or any lease that the physician might have with tenants of a building that
      he or she owns. The attorney can advise as to one's liability exposure, and the
      professional insurance agent then can provide the necessary insurance program to
      cover exposure to that risk. One final comment. Insurance policies are imortant
      papers: They should always be protected.

PMID- 1201924
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Appendix: additional
      observations.

PMID- 1201925
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Professional and community
      relations.

PMID- 1201926
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Type of practice.
AB  - It vitally concerns the prospective new member of a group (single or multiple) to
      retain a knowledgeable attorney who should review the contract with at least the
      six points described at the beginning of this chapter uppermost in mind. No
      verbal or written commitment ever should be made until this has been done.

PMID- 1201927
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Creation of a management
      team.
AB  - The ophthalmologist's management team might be likened to an equilateral
      triangle, the base of which consists of the personal banker and the two other
      parts being attorney and accountant. The equal and integrated efforts of these
      individuals strongly insure the ophthalmologist's future financial and
      professional success.

PMID- 1201928
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Selection of an office site.
AB  - The selection of the office site constitutes one of the most important steps in
      the creation of the young ophthalmologist's practice. The location of the office
      has important implications for the physician and his or her family and future
      patients. By selecting the correct type of building in which he or she can
      efficiently utilize an adequate amount of space, the young practitioner virtually
      insures future economic success and at the same time creates an office
      environment that will prove pleasing to patients, staff, and, most important, the
      ophthalmologist.

PMID- 1201929
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Office design.

PMID- 1201930
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Equipment.
AB  - Equipping the office deserves the young ophthalmologist's utmost attention. A
      qualified designer and decorator will make a tremendous difference in creating
      the most comfortable and efficient office for the individual. Consultation with
      the office management team will answer questions concerning whether to lease or
      to buy outright all of the equipment described. The beginning practitioner should
      always look for the best way to finance outright purchases of equipment, if that
      be the case. Finally, all used equipment should be checked by an expert mechanic
      before purchase.

PMID- 1201931
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Telephone requirements.
AB  - A well-designed and properly installed office communications system, combined
      with courteous and attentive telephone manners, serves as a most important basic
      building block in the creation of a successful office practice. The necessity for
      courtesy to callers applies not only to the office staff but also to the
      personnel handling the telephone when the office closes.

PMID- 1201932
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Location of practice.
AB  - A majority of positive responses to the questions posed in this chapter offers
      the comforting prospect of a wise and potentially successful decision in
      selecting the location of a practice. (Local Chambers of Commerce usually offer
      very useful information in answer to the nonmedical questions.) Finally, it
      should be remembered that this decision is a joint one-the ophthalmologist's
      spouse and children (if they are old enough) should be involved as much as
      possible. If they are happy, the intangible rewards will be inestimable.

PMID- 1201933
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Staffing.
AB  - By seeking top-flight office personnel and then offering attractive salaries and
      fringe benefits, systematically and selectively screening available applicants,
      and properly training and indoctrinating them in office policies, task analysis,
      and performance, the young ophthalmologist will assemble the most useful and
      compatible office staff, thereby making his or her professional life most
      productive and pleasant.

PMID- 1201934
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Effective patient
      scheduling.
AB  - Effective patient scheduling, a most important building block in the creation of
      any successful practice, can best be accomplished by (1) devising a specially
      designed appointment book to suit the individual needs of each ophthalmologist;
      (2) thorough education of the telephone receptionist in the working habits of the
      ophthalmologist, in the ability to evaluate ocular emergencies, in the screening
      of personal calls, and in the importance of "break" time for the doctor; and (3)
      formulation of methods to reduce lost time because of irresponsible patients.

PMID- 1201935
TI  - The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Patient records and filing
      systems.
AB  - Suggestions and examples of the components of patient charts have been offered
      for the most efficient office system and for the greatest protection of the
      ophthalmologist against malpractice charges. Emphasis has been placed on the
      alphabetical system of filing, the need for well-designed filing cabinets, and
      measures to reduce the incidence of misplacing and losing patient charts.

PMID- 1201936
TI  - Solute excretion during intravenous urography. A comparison of sodium iothalamate
      and sodium iocarmate (iothalamate dimer).
AB  - Sodium iothalamate and sodium iocarmate (iothalamate dimer) were compared as
      urographic agents. The two agents were administered intravenously to dogs at a
      dose level of 600 mg I/kg. The concentrations and outputs of major urinary
      solutes and injected solutes were measured to define the differences in diuretic
      effect of the two agents. The urinary output and concentration of iodine with
      each agent were also compared. The diuresis with iocarmate was lower. It was
      apparent that the lower diuresis and higher urinary iodine concentration with
      iocarmate was due to the lower osmotic activity per iodine atom obtained with
      this agent.

PMID- 1201937
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of ionic monomeric, ionic dimeric and non-ionic contrast
      media. Effects in animals on myocardial contractile force, pulmonary and aortic
      blood pressure and aortic endothelium.
AB  - Three different types of contrast media, monomeric ionic, dimeric ionic and
      monomeric non-ionic, were tested and compared concerning their toxicity on three
      experimental models: I. Pulmonary artery and aortic pressure after contrast
      medium injection into the right atrium in rabbits: II. Ventricular contractile
      force and heart rate after perfusion of the coronary arteries on the isolated
      rabbit heart: III. Aortic endothelium of rats. Non-ionic contrast medium was, in
      all three experiments, less toxic than monomeric ionic; thus it caused less rise
      in pulmonary artery pressure (I) and caused less reduction in ventricular
      contractile force and heart rate (II) and caused less damage on aortic
      endothelium of rats (III). The non-ionic contrast medium also gave less toxic
      reaction in two (I and II) of the three models compared to the dimericionic
      contrast medium. In experimental model III there was no difference between these
      two agents. Also, the dimeric ionic contrast medium caused less toxic reactions
      in all three models than the monomeric ionic contrast medium.

PMID- 1201938
TI  - The effect of decreased renal artery perfusion pressure on intrarenal
      hemodynamics in the dog.
AB  - The role of decreased renal artery perfusion pressure in redistribution of renal
      cortical blood flow during acute hemorrhagic hypotension is unclear. Renal artery
      hypotension was produced in intact dogs by an intra-aortic balloon catheter
      placed cephalad to the origins of the renal arteries. Renal cortical perfusion
      was assessed using selective renal magnification arteriography, isotopically
      labeled microspheres, and xenon-133 washout. After 60 minutes of decreased renal
      artery perfusion pressure (40 to 50 mm Hg), no changes were noted in renal
      cortical perfusion arteriographically. Microsphaere distribution to each cortical
      zone was unchanged, despite a marked decrease in total renal blood flow and in
      flow to each zone. 133Xe washout curves permitted two interpretations: Either
      redistribution of blood flow away from the cortex occurred, or parallel decrease
      in flow to each zone occurred without redistribution. Results indicate decreased
      renal artery perfusion pressure does not cause redistribution of renal cortical
      blood flow in our model.

PMID- 1201939
TI  - Angiographic patterns in experimental obstruction of the small bowel.
AB  - Mechanical obstruction of the small intestine was induced in 79 rabbits. Ligation
      and/or fixation of an intestinal loop with sutures was performed in order to
      produce simple obstruction, strangulation, intussusception and volvulus. The
      obstructed loop and the adjacent segments of the bowel were examined with
      microscopic, microangiographic and angiographic methods at fixed time intervals
      of 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. Dynamics of arterial changes in the intestinal wall
      and mesentery were investigated. Angiographic patterns of obstruction in the
      exteriorized loop of a living animal are described. These findings may be of
      value in evaluating clinical cases.

PMID- 1201940
TI  - Degenerative disease of the sacroiliac joint.
AB  - Analysis of 46 sacroiliac joints removed in toto at random during routine
      autopsies was undertaken to define the pathologic and radiographic alterations of
      this joint in middle-aged and elderly patients. Each joint was sectioned,
      photographed and radiographed and large microscopic slides were prepared.
      Sacroiliac osteoarthrosis resulted in progressive cartilage degeneration,
      particularly on the ilial side of the joint, with eventual cartilaginous fusion.
      Para-articular bony ankylosis was produced by bridging osteophytes on the
      anterior and inferior surfaces. Sacroiliac intra-articular bony ankylosis was
      confined to cadavers with ankylosing spondylitis. In some patients radiographic
      differentiation of osteoarthrosis and ankylosing spondylitis may require
      tomography.

PMID- 1201941
TI  - Comparison of instrumental methods for monitoring of nitrogen dioxide.

PMID- 1201942
TI  - Spectrofluorometric analysis of illicit drug samples, employing a corrected
      excitation spectrofluorometer.
AB  - Spectrofluorometry, because of its high sensitivity, has developed into one of
      the most useful analytical methods available to the forensic chemist for certain
      ilicit drug samples encountered in small amounts. The corrected excitation
      spectrofluorometer adds to the usefulness of this technique by generating more
      reproducible results with greater sensitivity. The excitation spectra are in
      better agreement with absorption spectra, and the need to recalibrate constantly
      with standard solutions in order to perform quantitative analysis can be
      minimized. Lysergic acid diethylamide and a fluorophore of morphine related drugs
      were examined employing a corrected excitation spectrofluorometer. Data is
      presented substantiating the advantages of a corrected instrument.

PMID- 1201943
TI  - [Clinical picture and roentgen therapy of lip carcinomas].
AB  - 204 patients with lip cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma)
      were irradiated with soft x-ray and cobalt-radiation respectively after
      histological examination of the tumor. Available observations were supplied by
      190 patients. Distribution according to age and histology, the size of the tumor,
      as well as the therapeutic results and the recurrence rates are reported. 96,6%
      of the tumors which showed no metastases at the beginning of the treatment
      remained recurrence-free after radiation. Early diagnosis, the necessity of
      treatment and the problem of prophylaxis are emphasized.

PMID- 1201944
TI  - [Porphyria cutanea tarda and blood-sugar-suppressing derivatives of
      sulfonylurea].
AB  - A screening test for urinary porphyrin excretion was performed amound 1433
      diabetes patients (552 males and 881 females). In three patients (0.21)% the
      diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda was ascertained. In spite of the increasing
      usage of sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs, previously reported as potential
      porphyria-inducing agents, the authors could not observe an increased number of
      porphyria cases among the diabetics compared to the proportions in similar groups
      examined 10-12 years ago. The sulfonylurea Oradian was the likely etiopathogenic
      factor in only one out of three patients. The above mentioned observations do not
      speak in favour of independent etiological porphyrinogenic influence of
      antidiabetic sulfonylurea drugs.

PMID- 1201946
TI  - [Familial subungual pterygias].
AB  - In two patients (mother and daughter subungual pterygia were seen on the fingers
      of both hands. The abnormalities were congenital and painful. A disproportional
      extension of the nail bed epithelium with dislocation of the hyponychiuum is the
      suggested cause of this entity. No useful therapy was found.

PMID- 1201945
TI  - [Radioimmunologic determination of total IgE and allergen-specific IgE-antibodies
      in diffuse neurodermitis].
AB  - Total IgE levels in sera of 165 patients with atopic dermatitis and 79 patients
      with dermatoses as well as normal control patients were determined by
      radioimmunoassay (Phadebas, Pharmacia). Although the mean value for patients with
      atopic dermatitis was found far above the mean value for normal controls, 38% of
      patients showed total IgE serum levels within the normal range. Highest IgE serum
      levels were observed in patients with the generalized form of the disease and in
      patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis. No direct correlation however, to
      severity of disease could be found. In a series of 50 patients prick tests were
      compared to total IgE serum levels and to levels of allergen specific antibodies
      determined by radioallergosorbent-test (RAST). Extracts of grass pollens and of
      animal dandruff were used. There was complete agreement between results of skin
      testing and RAST in at least 80%. While cross reactions were common with grass
      pollen extracts in RAST, there was no cross-over with animal dandruff. No
      correlation was found between titer of allergen specific antibody and severity of
      skin lesions. IgE specific antibody could be detected in 48% of patients with
      normal total IgE serum levels and in 82% of patients with elevated values.

PMID- 1201947
TI  - [Report on the Convention of the International Committee of Dermatology in Mexico
      City, October 31-November 2, 1974].

PMID- 1201948
TI  - [Psoriasis therapy using psoriasin].

PMID- 1201949
TI  - [Letter: Conservative therapy of Madelung's fatty neck].

PMID- 1201951
TI  - Spectra and dosimetry of neutrons from moderation of 235U and 252Cf fission
      sources in H2O.

PMID- 1201952
TI  - Population exposure from high-energy accelerators.

PMID- 1201950
TI  - [Letter: Prevention of recurrence in erythrasma].

PMID- 1201953
TI  - Radioiodine(131I) in animal thyroids during nuclear tests in both hemispheres.

PMID- 1201954
TI  - Isotopic dilution of zinc-65 in Oregon coastal waters.

PMID- 1201955
TI  - Cesium-134 in human autopsy tissue.

PMID- 1201956
TI  - A commercially available Compton suppression, NaI-Ge (Li) unit for low-level
      gamma analysis of environmental samples.

PMID- 1201957
TI  - Bone and bone marrow spaces in dosimetry of beagles skeletons.

PMID- 1201958
TI  - Radiation exposures aboard commercial aircraft.

PMID- 1201959
TI  - Uniform positioning in routine abdominal x-ray diagnosis.

PMID- 1201960
TI  - Ultrastructure of endocrine cells in metaplastic epithelium of human gall
      bladder.
AB  - Two endocrine cell types were found in the metaplastic epithelium of gall
      bladders removed for gall stones. The endocrine cell type I resembled the EC
      (enterochromaffin) cell of the normal stomach mucosa. The homogeneous and
      electron-dense secretory granules were variable in size and shape and mainly
      located in the sub-nuclear cytoplasm. The endocrine cell type II was similar to
      the ECL (enterochromaffin-like) cell of the human stomach. The secretory granules
      were almost exclusively present in a subnuclear location, and were round and
      homogeneous in size. The secretory material was slightly granular and often there
      was a clear zone (halo) between the granule core and the limiting membrane. A
      rich network of microfilaments in the cytoplasm, especially around the nucleus,
      was typical of the type II endocrine cell. Both cell types were closely related
      to the basement membrane and the capillaries underneath.

PMID- 1201961
TI  - Megakaryocytopoiesis in the liver of the developing opossum (Didelphis
      virginiana).
AB  - The development of hepatic megakaryocytes has been examined in the livers of 35
      young opossums at four different stages of postnatal development.
      Megakaryocytopoiesis is carried out within the sinusoidals and there appears to
      be a close relationship between the young megakaryocytes and the sinusoid lining
      cells. Megakaryocytes in the opossum are relatively small and lack the degree of
      nuclear complexity seen in other species. Both the nucleus and the cytoplasm
      undergo sequential maturational changes but, in the newborn especially, these
      sequences are not necessarily interrelated and there is a rapid cytoplasmic
      differentiation to provide for early platelet release. A scheme for the
      maturation of the hepatic megakaryocytes is presented.

PMID- 1201962
TI  - The development of human digital tendons.
AB  - The development of human digital flexor and extensor tendons from 40 days to 112
      days of gestation is described. The differentiation of the cell, the formation of
      collagen fibrils, and their organization into a relatively complex tendon organ
      are described. This word was supported by a grant from the Graduate Research Fund
      of the University of Washington. (Materials were obtained from the laboratory for
      human embryos which is supported by N.I.H. Grant no. HD00836.) We would like to
      thank Mrs Bea Watts for secretarial assistance.

PMID- 1201963
TI  - 'Ambidexterity' in bat wings as evidenced by bone weight.
AB  - 1. Comparable right and left wing bones of three species of bats failed to
      demonstrate one-sided dominance, although such dominance is widespread in
      tetrapods. 2. When similar units are compared, some of the bones from one side
      are heavier, some are lighter, than those from the other side. This appears to
      represent a compensatory mechanism for achieving balanced weight and propulsion.
      3. The criterion used by Dogra & Singh (1971) for deciding whether or not a
      difference exists between comparable units (i.e. that an observed difference in
      weight is 'real' if the difference is at least one per cent of the weight of the
      greater element) is not statistically valid in the three  species of bats used in
      this study. Sole use of this criterion to determine one-sided dominance can
      therefore be misleading.

PMID- 1201965
TI  - The time-course of changes in mucosal architecture and epithelial cell production
      and cell shedding in the small intestine of the rat fed after fasting.
AB  - Rats were starved for 3 days, then either allowed access to food or continued in
      starvation. The following measurements on the upper jejunum were made on groups
      of refed and starved rats at nine time intervals after refeeding: villus height,
      crypt depth, crypt/villus ration, rate of cell production per crypt, and number
      of epithelial cells shed per villus in 5 minutes. Villus height increased 2 hours
      after refeeding, while crypt depth changed less dramatically. Crypt/villus ratio
      was unchanged. The number of shed epithelial cells per villus was reduced below
      the starved level for 4 hours after refeeding, and did not rise significantly
      above the starved level until 9 hours; the rate of cell production was not
      significantly increased until 12 hours after refeeding. No evidence for a reserve
      of cells in G2 was found, and the 3 hour lag between the rise in cell shedding
      and the increase in cell production would probably not give enough time for cells
      in G1 to pass through S and G2. It is concluded that these observations do not
      support the hypothesis that increased cell shedding from the top of the villus
      stimulates increased cell production in the crypts of Lieberkuhn.

PMID- 1201966
TI  - Development and structure of the extra-embryonic membranes of the ferret. A light
      microscopic and ultrastructural study.
AB  - Light and electron microscopic observations on the development and structure of
      the extra-embryonic membranes of the ferret are described. By day 16 of pregnancy
      trophoblastic villi consisting of a cytotrophoblastic core with a peripherally
      located phagocytic syncytiotrophoblast have penetrated deeply into the
      endometrium. During its invasion the syncytiotrophoblast removes endometrial
      glandular cells and some of the adjacent stromal tissue. The maternal blood
      vessels remain intact and eventually become surrounded by the
      syncytiotrophoblast. A marked hypertrophy of the maternal capillary endothelium
      then begine. By day 28 the maternal capillary endothelial cells attain their
      maximum height. The cytoplasm of these cells contains numerous cisternae of rough
      endoplasmic reticulum and a well-developed Golgi apparatus, features which are
      typical of protein-secreting cells. The maternal blood vessels are separated from
      the syncytiotrophoblast by a thick layer of amorphous material which stains
      positively with PAS. Alcian blue staining in the presence of critical
      concentrations of magnesium chloride indicates the presence of both sulphated and
      carboxylated acid mucopolysaccharides. It may be that the amorphous material
      contributes significantly to the nutritional requirements of the developing
      fetus. Invaginations of the syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane facing this
      amorphous layer are often seen. Coated vesicles and substances in contact with
      the outer surface of the membrane are therefore likely to be endocytozed. The
      acid phosphatase in the syncytiotrophoblast is consistent with the presence of
      lysosomes and catabolic function. Regions of paraplacental cellular trophoblast
      which lie in close association with the endometrium, but do not penetrate it,
      appear to specialize in endocytosis. The haemophagus organ, which is located at
      the antimesometrial pole, is the site of rupture of maternal blood vessels, and
      the extravasated blood lies in close association with the chorio-allantoic
      membrane. The maternal blood cells ingested by the trophoblast in this area are
      presumably an important source of iron for the embryo. The cellular trophoblast
      in the paraplacental regions is well equipped with hydrolytic enzymes, as shown
      by histochemical tests for acid phosphatase. It seems likely that these regions
      are concerned with embryotrophic endocytotic nutrition supplementing endothelio
      chorial nutrition.

PMID- 1201967
TI  - Developmental origin and early differentiation of retinal Muller cells in mice.
AB  - During the prenatal development of the retina in mice Muller cells at the initial
      stage of differentiation show a high level of histochemically detectable non
      specific esterase activity. These are the first of the retinal cell types to
      differentiate and appear at the 11th day of gestation along the vitreal border in
      the central retina. As development proceeds they appear in more peripheral areas
      and their perikarya migrate outwardly and become scattered throughout the depth
      of the retina. Appearance of presumptive Muller cells is followed by rapid growth
      of the retina and differentiation of the inner retinal layers. With the progress
      of histogenesis from the central to the peripheral areas the esterase activity in
      the Muller cells gradually diminishes. The possible significance of early
      differentiation of Muller cells in promoting growth and histogenesis of retina is
      discussed.

PMID- 1201968
TI  - The localization of acetylcholinesterase in the locus coeruleus of the normal rat
      and after 6-hydroxydopamine treatment.
AB  - The locus coerulus is a densely packed group of neurons in the floor of the
      fourth ventricle, and is the largest aggregate of noradrenaline-containing cells
      in the mammalian brain. The distribution within the locus of acetylcholinesterase
      (AChE), which is present in high concentration, has been studied at light and
      electron microscope level, both in normal rats and in ones treated with 6
      hydroxydopamine. Neuronal enzyme activity is entirely intracellular and mainly
      concentrated in stacks of ER which occupy much of the cell cytoplasm. There are
      no indications of a cholinergic input. After 6-hydroxydopamine treatment
      extensive cell death occurs and AChE activity virtually disappears. A majority of
      the many blood vessels in the locus also stain strongly for AChE, unlike those
      present in most other areas of the rat brain. The locus coeruleus therefore
      represents an area of the rat brain with a high content of AChE, but no evidence
      of a cholinergic mechanism. Some possible explanations for this anomalous
      presence of AChE are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1201964
TI  - New observations of rat airway epithelium: a quantitative and electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - Epithelial thickness, depth of the ciliary layer and concentration of cells has
      been estimated at 5 levels of the rat airway (3 extrapulmonary and 2
      intrapulmonary) and the ultrastructure of the cells described. Extrapulmonary
      airways have a pseudostratified epithelium, intrapulmonary airways a simple one.
      The epithelium thins progressively from upper to lower trachea while the
      epithelium of the lower trachea is thicker than at more peripheral airway levels,
      all of which are similar. The depth of the ciliary layer decreases peripherally.
      By electron microscopy 10 cell types could be identified - 8 epithelial and 2
      'migratory'. A cell type not described previously has been found that resembles
      the serous cells of the submucosal glands. The salient features of each cell type
      are described. The upper trachea has a concentration of cells significantly
      higher than elsewhere, while the remaining four airway levels have about 230
      cells per 10 high power fields (1-8 mm length epithelium). Ciliated cells are
      sparse proximally and increase in number progressively toward the periphery,
      while basal and migratory cells are most frequent proximally. At all levels of
      the airway, between 40% and 50% of cells are non-ciliated. In the upper trachea
      the most frequent cell type was the 'intermediate', elsewhere the 'epithelial
      serous' cell. Goblet cells were few at all levels, amounting to less than 1% of
      the total counted. The Clara cell was not restricted to the terminal bronchioles
      but was found as far proximally as the hilum.

PMID- 1201969
TI  - Nanaomycins, new antibiotics produced by a strain of Streptomyces. I. Taxonomy,
      isolation, characterization and biological properties.
AB  - Nanomycins are new antibiotics produced by the strain OS-3966 which was
      designated Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis. Nanomycins A and B were isolated
      from the culture filtrate by extraction with organic solvent and silica gel
      chromatography. The physical and chemical properties suggest that nanaomycins A
      and B are quinone-related compounds having the molecular formulae, C16H14O6 and
      C16H16O7, respectively. Nanaomycins A and B inhibit mainly mycoplasmas, fungi and
      Gram-positive bacteria. The acute toxicities (LD50, ip) of nanaomycins A and B in
      mice are 28.2 and 169 mg/kg, respectively.

PMID- 1201971
TI  - Structure of pyridindolol, inhibitor of beta-galactosidase.
AB  - Pyridindolol is a product of a streptomyces and exhibits inhibitory activity
      against bovine liver beta-galactosidase. The structure of pyridindilol, 1-[1(R),
      2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxymethyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b] indole, has been established
      by spectroscopic analyses and an X-ray structure determination.

PMID- 1201970
TI  - Nanomycins, new antibiotics produced by a strain of Streptomyces. II. Structure
      and biosynthesis.
AB  - Evidence is put forward which describes the structure and stereochemistry of new
      antibiotics, nanaomycins A and B, as I and V, respectively. In order to study
      biosynthesis and to determine the position of the hydroxyl group in the
      naphthoquinone moiety, a feeding experiment with 1-13C-acetate was effectively
      carried out. Nanaomycins A and B were found to be synthesized from acetate via a
      polyketide by Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis.

PMID- 1201972
TI  - Stimulatory effect of amphotericin B methyl ester on the grwoth of L-M and Vero
      cells.
AB  - The chemically modified polyene macrolide antibiotic, amphotericin B methyl ester
      (AME), exhibited a concentration-dependent growth stimulatory effect on
      established lines of mouse (L-M) and monkey (Vero) cells. Stimulation was
      indicated by increases in growth rate, and in the enhanced synthesis of DNA and
      RNA. In contrast, the parental antibiotic amphotericin B and the desoxycholate
      complex of amphotericin B, FungizoneR, did not elicit a similar proliferative
      response in L-M or Vero cells. AME was not growth-promoting toward low passage
      strains of mouse (PMK 6) and monkey cells (MGK 8).

PMID- 1201973
TI  - Biosynthesis of maltotetraose as an antibiotic against Erwinia carotovora by a
      streptomyces amylase.

PMID- 1201974
TI  - Cephalexin in special cases.

PMID- 1201975
TI  - Penicillin allergy and the cephalosporins.

PMID- 1201976
TI  - Cephaloridine, cephalothin and the kidney.

PMID- 1201977
TI  - The interpretation of antibiotic disc sensitivities.

PMID- 1201978
TI  - Computer analyses of antibiotic sensitivities of bacteria isolated at Northwick
      Park Hospital during 1974.

PMID- 1201979
TI  - The use of cephalosporins in a general hospital antibiotic policy.

PMID- 1201980
TI  - Cephaloridine serum levels after intravenous injection.

PMID- 1201981
TI  - Cephaloridine penetration into bone and synovial capsule of patients undergoing
      hip joint replacement.

PMID- 1201982
TI  - Two aspects of the availability of cephalosporins after intramuscular injection.

PMID- 1201983
TI  - Studies of cephalexin in "poor risk" patients.

PMID- 1201984
TI  - Absorption of cephalexin in diseased and aged subjects.

PMID- 1201985
TI  - Van Nes rotational osteotomy for treatment of proximal femoral focal deficiency
      and congenital short femur.
AB  - The results of twenty Van Nes rotational osteotomies for unilateral proximal
      femoral focal deficiency and congenital short femur were analyzed after follow
      ups of two to eight years. Assessed on the basis of prosthetic function, the
      results were good in ten, fair in six, and poor in four. Twelve patients required
      a rerotation procedure, six of them twice, because of postoperative derotation.
      Appropriate leg-length discrepancy to place the ankle, converted to the knee, at
      the right level, as well as normal ankle and foot motion and muscle power, are
      prerequisites to the procedure, which should be deferred until the child is about
      twelve years old to avoid prolonged hospitalization for rerotation and gait
      training.

PMID- 1201986
TI  - Acetabular disruption and central fracture-dislocation of the hip. A long-term
      study.
AB  - Displaced acetabular fractures are serious injuries often resulting in permanent
      disability. Fifty-five patients with fifty-six such injuries seen at the Campbell
      Clinic between 1927 and 1970 had either central dislocation with or without
      fracture of the weightbearing dome, or acetabular disruption usually associated
      with posterior displacement of the hip. After an average follow-up of 8.6 years,
      56 per cent of those treated without surgery had good or satisfactory results
      compared with 54 per cent good or satisfactory results in those treated
      surgically. Patients with displaced fractures of the acetabular dome not reduced
      by manipulation and traction should be considered candidates for open reduction.

PMID- 1201987
TI  - Arthrography for the assessment of pain after total hip replacement. A comparison
      of arthrographic findings in patients with and without pain.
AB  - Arthrography in twenty-five painful hips of twenty-one patients after total hip
      replacement and in fifty-three asymptomatic hips of forty-two patients after this
      procedure showed that arthrographic evidence of loosening was not always
      associated with pain. More than one-fifth of the asymptomatic hips had
      arthrographic evidence of loosening. Furthermore, the loosening shown by
      arthrogram could be confirmed in only seven of twelve hips that were subsequently
      explored. In addition, there was no apparent relationship between arthrographic
      loosening and the presence of a Trendelenburg sign. This study casts doubt on the
      value of an arthrogram in the diagnosis of the cause of pain after total hip
      replacement.

PMID- 1201988
TI  - The early management of open joint injuries. A prospective study of one hundred
      and forty patients.
AB  - A study of open joint injuries treated at the Los Angeles County-University of
      Southern California Medical Center from July 1969 through July 1973 showed that
      the vast majority of these injuries were at the knee. Three types of injury were
      identified: those associated with fractures, injuries without fracture, and
      gunshot  wounds. All patients were treated with antibiotics, surgical debridement
      and irrigation, and installation of polyethylene tubes into the joint as a system
      of postoperative closed irrigation. The over-all infection rate was 2.1 per cent.
      The results of treatment indicate that the irrigation system can be a source of
      contamination. Our recommended treatment for open wounds in joints is wide
      spectrum systemic antibiotics, surgical debridement, irrigation of the joint and
      soft tissues, and primary closure. Prolonged suction-irrigation treatment
      postoperatively should only be done for specific indications: excessive
      contamination or excessive tissue damage when the wound to the joint should be
      closed primarily.

PMID- 1201989
TI  - Galeazzi fracture-dislocations.
AB  - Among 125 patients with the Galeazzi-type fracture-dislocation of the forearm,
      there were fourteen children and eighty-six adults with the classic Galeazzi
      lesion, and twenty-five patients with a special type -- fracture of both bones
      and dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint. Conservative management was
      successful only in children. In adults this method resulted in failure in 80 per
      cent of cases. The results of operative treatment were much better. The fracture
      fragments of the radius and the dislocation of the radio-ulnar joint in this
      complex injury are very unstable, especially in the lesion with fractures of the
      radius and ulna, and it appears that rigid internal fixation is necessary for the
      dislocation as well as the fracture. With combined fixation over half of the
      results were excellent.

PMID- 1201990
TI  - Recurrent dislocation of the elbow.
AB  - Recurrent dislocation of the elbow resulted from laxity of the lateral capsule
      and collateral ligament in four patients. An intra-articular lesion was usually
      also present. Elbow arthrotomy for removal of loose bodies and repair of the
      lateral capsuloligamentous structures are thought to offer an excellent prognosis
      for satisfactory relief from symptoms of recurrent dislocation. More complicated
      techniques, such as bone blocks or tendon transfers, are believed to be less
      effective and unnecessary.

PMID- 1201991
TI  - Recurrent dislocation of the elbow. Report of three cases.

PMID- 1201992
TI  - Prevention and treatment of non-union of slightly displaced fractures of the
      lateral humeral condyle in children. An end-result study.
AB  - In a ten-year study of the healing responses of thirty-one children with fresh
      fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus with less than four millimeters
      of displacement, there were three patterns of healing. Forty-nine per cent healed
      rapidly in six weeks with abundant callus and periosteal new bone. Thirty-eight
      per cent healed slowly over eight to twelve weeks, mostly by endosteal union with
      little callus. Thirteen per cent had progressive displacement of the fragment in
      the plaster cast and required surgery to prevent non-union. Those fractures that
      healed had two millimeters or less of displacement of the fragment initially.
      Those that did not heal had an average of three millimeters of initial
      displacement. Established non-unions in good position that were symptomatic while
      the elbow was still immature were salvaged by bone-grafting, sparing the physis
      of the condylar fragment. The fragment united and grew with the elbow to
      maturity, producing an excellent end result on long-term follow-up. When the
      physeal plate of the ununited condylar fragment was absent, the fragment could
      not grow with the elbow and the result of surgery was less satisfactory.

PMID- 1201993
TI  - Fracture of the capitulum humeri.
AB  - Fourteen patients with fracture of the capitulum of the humerus were treated, ten
      by excision of a large fragment or multiple small fragments. Their results were
      superior to those in patients treated either by closed reduction or by open
      reduction and fixation. Nine had good to excellent retention of elbow motion, six
      had no pain, and three had minimum pain. None of the ten had valgus deformity or
      instability.

PMID- 1201994
TI  - Segmental resection for chondrosarcoma.
AB  - Specific anatomical and pathological criteria for resectability of so-called
      central chondrosarcoma of the extremities were set forth and a method of
      treatment based on autoclaving the segment and surrounding it with massive
      amounts of fresh autogenous cancellous bone was used in eight patients. Follow-up
      ranged from 3.2 to 13.5 years. The advantages of the method are: ease of
      procurement of bone graft, absence of storage and measurement problems, and lack
      of need for rigid immobilization. No secondary procedures were required because
      of fracture, resorption, or infection.

PMID- 1201995
TI  - Progressive kyphosis following solid anterior spine fusion in children with
      tuberculosis of the spine. A long-term study.
AB  - Two hundred and forty-one consecutive anterior spine fusions for tuberculosis
      were reviewed to determine how often late progressive kyphosis occurred because
      of disproportionate growth of the posterior and anterior elements. Three of
      thirty-one patients with objective roentgenographic evidence of solid anterior
      fusion had an increase in kyphosis. Two of these had findings suggestive of
      growth retardation of the anterior ring epiphysis above the fusion mass.
      Posterior-element overgrowth in the third patient could not be excluded as a
      cause.

PMID- 1201996
TI  - Impotence after fractures of the pelvis.
AB  - Sexual impotence after an injury causing a fracture of the pelvis occurred in
      sixteen of ninety male patients. Three men of fifty-nine had this complication
      without having an associated injury to the urethra, but impotence was more
      commonly associated with urethral injury (thirteen of thirty-one cases).
      Litigation did not seem to be associated with the problem.

PMID- 1201997
TI  - The iliotibial band friction syndrome.

PMID- 1201998
TI  - Patella alta and patella infera. Their etiological role in patellar dislocation,
      chondromalacia, and apophysitis of the tibial tubercle.
AB  - The Insall-Salvati method of assessing the position of the patella was applied to
      four groups of patients:normal patients, and those with dislocation of the
      patella, chondromalacia of the patella, and apophysitis of the tibial tubercle.
      The ratio of patellar length to tendon length was 1.0 in the normal patients, 0.8
      in the patients with dislocations, 0.86 in those with chondromalacia, and 1.2 in
      those with apophysitis of the tibial tubercle. Patella alta may be an important
      cause of dislocating patella and of chondromalacia patellae. The significance of
      the patella infera found in the Osgood-Schlatter lesion may be one of either
      cause or effect.

PMID- 1201999
TI  - Meniscectomy and chondromalacia of the femoral condyle.
AB  - One hundred and fifty-four knees with 161 torn menisci were examined with the
      arthroscope immediately before meniscectomy. The incidence of early degenerative
      arthritis (chondromalacia) of the femoral condyle was correlated with the age of
      the patient, the interval between injury and surgery, and the type of meniscal
      lesion. The incidence of condylar chondromalacia was significantly higher in
      patients over the age of thirty (p less than 0.01) and in those with a history
      longer than three months (p less than 0.05). Posterior horn tears were associated
      with the highest incidence of degenerative changes, but were also associated with
      a longer history and with older patients. Attention is drawn to the adverse
      effect of damaged menisci on condylar articular cartilage, and a plea is made for
      early diagnosis and removal of damaged menisci.

PMID- 1202000
TI  - The functional treatment of pyogenic arthritis of the adult knee.
AB  - A method of treatment of pyogenic arthritis of the adult knee employing wide open
      arthrotomy and early active motion, as well as synovectomy in some knees, was
      used in thirty-four patients with pyogenic arthritis of the knee. Of these
      patients, sixteen had a good result, twelve had a fair result, and six had a poor
      result. This method of treatment was used as a salvage procedure in most of the
      patients, but may have more general application in the treatment of pyogenic
      arthritis of the knee.

PMID- 1202001
TI  - Experimental replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament. A histological and
      microradiographic study.
AB  - In each of four dogs, teno-osseous autogenous grafts were used to reconstruct the
      anterior cruciate ligament. The transplanted strips first underwent ischemia and
      cellular death, with necrosis of both bone and tendon. Ingrowth of tissues then
      occurred rapidly, but complete incorporation of the tendon or the bone did not
      occur at one year. However, the tunnel-to transplant bone was functional and
      provided sufficient stability to the knee so that disruption of the reconstructed
      anterior cruciate ligament did not occur.

PMID- 1202002
TI  - The trochanteric approach to the hip for prosthetic replacement.
AB  - A new lateral operative approach to the hip was used for the insertion of 222
      total hip prostheses for arthritis. The trochanter is cut off more deeply and
      more vertically than hitherto, with all of its muscle attachments, including the
      vastus lateralis, intact. The inclusion of the vastus lateralis stabilizes the
      fragment by counteracting the gluteus medius; together they generate an inward
      acting muscle force on the fragment. Reattachment was by wire in 120 cases and
      directly to the femoral implant by bolt and graft in 102 cases. In the bolt
      attachment operation a new type of femoral component was used in conjunction with
      a variable-thickness bone graft. The method of trochanteric attachment was
      thought to contribute to the quality of bone repair by eliminating tensile forces
      and generating compressive forces. In all patients early mobilization and full
      weight-bearing were encouraged.

PMID- 1202003
TI  - On the natural history of hemophilic pseudotumor.
AB  - Seven cases of hemophilic pseudotumor were followed for at least ten years.
      Apparently adequate and early substitution therapy for bleeding in muscles and
      skeleton will prevent the occurrence of such pseudotumors. Conservative treatment
      of established pseudotumors with substitution therapy at bleeding symptoms is
      advocated, but in the event of continued growth of the pseudotumor and threatened
      perforation, radical extirpation may have to be done.

PMID- 1202005
TI  - Hemophilic pseudotumor treated with replacement therapy and radiation. Report of
      a case.

PMID- 1202004
TI  - Surgery in hemophilic patients.
AB  - Surgery in hemophilic patients was performed under proper factor-replacement
      therapy, and a wide variety of orthopaedic procedures (twenty-six in seventeen
      patients) were done with good results. There were no complications in any of the
      patients since the advent of concentrates in 1966. Multiple procedures under one
      anesthetic are recommended because the complications associated with repeated
      administration of blood substitutes are minimized.

PMID- 1202006
TI  - Arterial injury associated with closed femoral-shaft fracture. Report of five
      cases.

PMID- 1202007
TI  - Perforation of the deep palmar arch produced by surgical wire after tenorrhaphy.
      A case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 1202009
TI  - Unusual accessory (bipartite) talus simulating fracture. A case report.

PMID- 1202008
TI  - Coccidioidal arthritis and its treatment -- 1975.
AB  - The clinical course of disseminated coccidioidomycosis is highly variable.
      Neither spontaneous cure nor spontaneous ankylosis has ever been demonstrated in
      an adult with the disease in one or more disseminated articular foci.
      Coccidioidomycotic arthritis may fluctuate in activity, and may be compatible
      with years of limited function and moderate morbidity. Amputation as well as
      arthrodesis accompanied by adequate excision of diseased tissue are generally
      reliable methods of treatment of infected joints, but the decision whether or not
      to "cover" such patients with systemic doses of amphotericin is still difficult,
      and the roles of synovectomy and topical amphotericin remain to be determined.

PMID- 1202010
TI  - Chondromas of the tendon sheath of the hand. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 1202011
TI  - Congenital absence of the anterior cruciate ligament associated with a ring
      meniscus.

PMID- 1202012
TI  - Irreducible transcapitate fracture and dislocation of the hamate. Report of a
      case.

PMID- 1202013
TI  - Lumbar epidermoid cyst following single spinal puncture. Case report.

PMID- 1202014
TI  - Structural changes in the membrane of vero cells infected with a paramyxovirus.
AB  - Vero cells productively infected with the Halle strain of measles virus have been
      studied by means of surface replication, freeze-fracturing, and surface labeling
      with horseradish peroxidase-measles antibody conjugate in order to examine
      changes in the structure of the cell membrane during viral maturation. Early in
      infection, the surfaces of infected cells are embossed by scattered groups of
      twisted strands, and diffuse patches of label for viral antigens cover regions
      marked by these strands. At later stages, when numerous nucleocapsids become
      aligned under the plasmalemmal strands, the strands increase in number and width
      and become more convoluted. At this stage, label for viral antigens on the
      surface of the cell membrane is organized into stripes lying on the crests of
      strands. Finally, regions of the membrane displaying twisted strands protrude to
      form ridges or bulges, and the freeze-fractured membrane surrounding these
      protrusions is characterized by an abundance of particles small than those found
      on the rest of the cell membrane. The fractured membranes of viral buds are
      continuous sheets of these small particles, and the spacing between both
      nucleocapsids and stripes of surface antigen in buds is less than in the
      surrounding cell membrane. Detached virus is covered with a continuous layer of
      viral antigen, has unusually large but no small particles on its membrane
      surfaces exposed by freeze-fracturing, and no longer has nucleocapsids aligned
      under its surface. Thus, surface antigens, membrane particles, and nucleocapsids
      attached to the cell membrane are mobile within the plane of the membrane during
      viral maturation. All three move simutaneously in preparation for viral budding.

PMID- 1202015
TI  - Gametic differentiation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. I. Production of gametes
      and their fine structure.
AB  - Gametogenesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been studied in mating-type plus
      cells utilizing several different culture conditions, all of which are shown to
      depend on the depletion of nitrogen from the medium, and the fine structure of
      gametes prepared under these conditions has been compared by using thin sections
      of fixed materials. We document alterations in ribosome levels, in chromatin
      morphology, in starch levels, in the organization of chloroplast membranes, and
      in the appearance of nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum membranes during
      gametogenesis. We also noted the acquisition of two new organelles: a mating
      structure (Friedman, L., A. L. Colwin, and L. H. Colwin. 1968. j. cell Sci. 3:115
      128; goodenough, U. W., and R. L. Weiss. 1975. J. Cell Biol. 67:623-637), and
      Golgi-derived vesicles containing a homogeneous material. We chart the time
      course of these morphological changes during synchronous gametogenesis. We note
      that many of these changes may represent adjustments to nitrogen starvation
      rather than direct features of gametic differentiation, and we also document that
      cells can differentiate so that they survive conditions of nitrogen starvation
      for many weeks after they become gametes. We conclude that metabolic alterations,
      the acquisition of mating ability, and the preparation for long-term survival are
      all elicited in this organism by nitrogen withdrawal, and we discuss how the
      various structural alterations observed in this study may relate to these three
      interrelated avenues of cellular differentiation.

PMID- 1202016
TI  - Gametic differentiation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. II. Flagellar membranes and
      the agglutination reaction.
AB  - A structural and biochemical study is presented concerning the agglutination of
      gametic flagella, the initial step in the mating reaction of Chlamydomonas
      reinhardtii. An alteration in the distribution of the intramembranous particles
      revealed by freeze-fracturing of flagella membranes is shown to accompany gametic
      differentiation in both mating types. The isolation and electrophoretic analysis
      of flagellar membranes and mastigonemes are reported; no electrophoretic
      differences can be detected when the membrane or mastigoneme glycoproteins from
      vegative and gametic cells are compared, nor when glycoproteins from the two
      mating types are compared, and no novel polypeptides are present in gametic
      preparations. The membrane vesicles, after they are freed of mastigonemes by
      sedimentation through a discontinuous sucrose gradient, are extremely active as
      an isoagglutinin, indicating a direct involvement of the membrane in the mating
      reaction.

PMID- 1202017
TI  - Role of molecular charge in glomerular permeability. Tracer studies with
      cationized ferritins.
AB  - Mouse kidneys were perfused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB) containing
      native, anionic horse spleen ferritin or various cationized derivatives, and the
      glomerular localization of the probe molecules determined by electron microscopy.
      Ferritins cationic with respect to the medium (KRB, pH 7.45) accumulated in the
      subendothelial layers of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in amounts far
      exceeding those observed with anionic ferritins, the degree being greater for the
      more cationized derivatives. Strongly cationized ferritins, in addition permeated
      the full thickness of the GBM in considerable amounts, but appeared to be
      retarded from entry into the urinary spaces at the level of the filtration slits.
      Very strongly cationized derivatives adhered to glomerular endothelium and GBM
      and formed aggregates in the outer layers of the latter. The results suggest that
      intrinsic negative charges are present in the GBM and endothelium, and that the
      barrier function of the glomerular capillary wall may be ascribed in part to its
      electrophysical properties.

PMID- 1202018
TI  - Studies on the distribution of antigenic sites on the surface of rabbit
      spermatozoa.
AB  - Antibodies to rabbit spermatozoa isolated from immunized virgin female rabbits
      were conjugated to hemocyanin and have been used to determine the pattern of
      antigenic sites over the surface of rabbit spermatozoa under a variety of
      conditions. When the spermatozoa are incubated with antibody at 0 degrees C,
      labeling is almost entirely restricted to the postacrosomal sheath. Incubation at
      room temperature (22 degrees C) or at 37 degrees C results in progressively
      increased acrosomal labeling as well as enhanced postacrosomal sheath labeling.
      Initial incubation at low temperature followed by washing and high temperature
      incubation yields cells which indicate little tendency for postacrosomal sheath
      sites to migrate toward the acrosomal region. Absorption of the antibody
      preparation with rat lymphocytes has no effect on labeling density, whereas
      absorption with rabbit lymphocytes diminishes the intensity of labeling and
      yields cells with markers primarily over the postacrosomal sheath. It is
      concluded that the postacrosomal sheath plasma membrane has specific antigenic
      properties distinct from other regions of the head.

PMID- 1202019
TI  - Biogenesis of microsomal membrane glycoproteins in rat liver. II. Purification of
      soluble glycoproteins and their incorporation into microsomal membranes.
AB  - Sialoproteins isolated from the soluble fraction of rat liver could be
      incorporated into microsomal membranes. This incorporation was dependent on
      protein concentration, time, and temperature. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel
      electrophoresis of membrane proteins after in vitro incorporation showed four
      major sugar-containing peaks and was similar to that found after in vivo
      labeling. Most of the incorporated protein was tightly bound to the microsomal
      membrane. Gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography revealed the presence of
      several cytosolic glycoproteins that could be incorporated into microsomes.
      During prolonged centrifugation in a KBr solution with a density of 1.21 a highly
      labeled ([3H]glucosamine) protein (mole wt approximately to 70,000) that was
      actively incorporated into microsomes could be recovered in the upper region of
      the tube. These results demonstrate that several cytoplasmic glycoproteins of rat
      liver are transferred into microsomal membranes and that one of these is a
      lipoprotein.

PMID- 1202020
TI  - Biogenesis of microsomal membrane glycoproteins in rat liver. III. Release of
      glycoproteins from the Golgi fraction and their transfer to microsomal membranes.
AB  - The presence in the Golgi fraction of glycoproteins destined to be incorporated
      into the microsomal membrane was investigated. When incubated in sucrose, washed
      Golgi vesicles released four major, weakly acidic glycoproteins, some of which
      could be incorporated into microsomal membranes by incubation. Double labeling
      with [3H]glucosamine and [14C]leucine demonstrated the incorporation of both
      protein and oligosaccharide moieties, and the main peak of radioactivity was
      associated with the 70,000 mol wt region after SDS-gel electrophoresis. The
      proteins that could be incorporated into microsomes were probably associated to a
      large extent with the outer surface of the Golgi membrane. Centrifugation of the
      proteins released from the Golgi in a KBr solution (p = 1.24) resulted in a
      separation of glycoproteins, those in the top layer most actively incorporated
      into microsomes. The lipoglycoproteins in the top layer that could be
      incorporated appeared in the 70,000 mol wt region after SDS-gel electrophoresis,
      as did the corresponding proteins isolated from the supernate. These results
      suggest that glycoproteins with completed oligosaccharide chains are released
      from the Golgi system to the cytosol and are subsequently transferred to
      microsomes as constitutive membrane components.

PMID- 1202022
TI  - Initiation and growth of microtubules from mitotic centers in lysed mammalian
      cells.
AB  - Metaphase PtK1 cells, lysed into polymerization-competent microtubule protein,
      maintain a spindle which will gain or lose birefringence depending on the
      concentration of disassembled tubulin subunits used in the lysis medium.
      Concentrations of tubulin subunits greater than the equilibrium monomer value
      promote a rate and extent of birefringence increase that is proportional to the
      subunit concentration. Increase in spindle birefringence can be correlated with
      an increase in tubule number, though the relationship is not strictly linear.
      Increase in spindle tubule number is due to an vivo-like initiation of tubules at
      the mitotic centers, as well as tubulin addition onto pre-existing spindle
      fragments. Colcemid-treated prometaphase cells lysed into polymerization
      competent tubulin develop large asters in the region of the centrioles and short
      tubules at kinetochores, making it unlikely that all microtubule formation in
      lysed cell preparations is dependent on tubulin addition to short tubule
      fragments. Asters can also form in colcemid-treated prometaphase cells lysed in
      tubulin that is incapable of spontaneous tubule initiation, suggesting that the
      centriolar region serves a tubule-initiator function in our lysed cell
      preparations. The ability of the centriole to initiate microtubule assembly is a
      time-dependent process-a ripening effect takes place between prophase and late
      prometaphase. Ripening is expressed by an increase in the number and length of
      tubules found associated with the centriolar region.

PMID- 1202021
TI  - Organization of an actin filament-membrane complex. Filament polarity and
      membrane attachment in the microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells.
AB  - The association of actin filaments with membranes is now recognized as an
      important parameter in the motility of nonmuscle cells. We have investigated the
      organization of one of the most extensive and highly ordered actin filament
      membrane complexes in nature, the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells.
      Through the analysis of isolated, demembranated brush borders decorated with the
      myosin subfragment, S1, we have determined that all the microvillar actin
      filaments have the same polarity. The S1 arrowhead complexes point away from the
      site of attachment of actin filaments at the apical tip of the microvillar
      membrane. In addition to the end-on attachment of actin filaments at the tip of
      the microvillus, these filaments are also connected to the plasma membrane all
      along their lengths by periodic (33 nm) cross bridges. These bridges were best
      observed in isolated brush borders incubated in high concentrations of Mg++.
      Their visibility is attributed to the induction of actin paracrystals in the
      filament bundles of the microvilli. Finally, we present evidence for the presence
      of myosinlike filaments in the terminal web region of the brush border. A model
      for the functional organization of actin and myosin in the brush border is
      presented.

PMID- 1202023
TI  - DNA replication in mammalian cells. Altered patterns of initiation during
      inhibition of protein synthesis.
AB  - The effects of inhibition of protein synthesis by the antibiotics cycloheximide
      and puromycin on the initiation of DNA replication in mouse L cells were studied.
      Cellular DNA was pulse labeled with [3H]thymidine of high, then of low specific
      activity and prepared for fiber autoradiography. Autoradiograms containing
      multiple (up to four) replication units were analyzed. In control cells, the
      proportion of replication units that initiated during a 10-min, high specific
      activity pulse was approximately equal to the proportion initiating immediately
      before the pulse. The addition of cycloheximide or puromycin at the start of the
      pulse inhibited the frequency of initiation in that there was a decrease by up to
      one-third of units initiating during the pulse relative to controls. Replication
      direction was also altered. Addition of the antibiotics 2 h before the pulse
      reduced the proportion of bidirectional units observed from 0.98 to 0.70.
      Antibiotic treatment for 2 h also decreased initiation synchrony in that the
      proportion of multiunit autoradiograms on which neighboring units showed similar
      replication patterns (indicating temporally coordinated initiation) was reduced
      by one-half. These observations indicate that inhibition of protein synthesis
      alters the normal pattern of DNA initiation.

PMID- 1202024
TI  - Changes in cholinergic synaptic vesicle populations and the ultrastructure of the
      nerve terminal membranes of Narcine brasiliensis electron organ stimulated to
      fatigue in vivo.
AB  - Narcine brasiliensis electric organ was stimulated to fatigue in vivo. Electrical
      display of organ output and biochemical assay of bound acetylcholine (ACh) and
      ATP in isolated vesicles were used to assess the state of fatigue relative to
      denervated control organs of the same fish. A morphometric analysis of the fate
      of the synaptic vesicle populations in the nerve terminals was carried out.
      Statistically significant morphological changes in vesicle populations and plasma
      membranes were observed between control and fatigued electroplaque stacks from
      individual fish. Pooled data from several fish were used to evaluate the possible
      role of the different vesicle types in neurotransmission. Fatigue resulted in the
      loss of 49% of the total vesicle population and a 76% loss of vesicles with bound
      calcium (Ca). An approximately equivalent increase in the nerve-terminal plasma
      membrane area was measured. This was predominantly in the form of fingerlike
      protrusions and/or invaginations of the terminals which were present in the
      control organs but which were significantly increased by stimulation. Vesicle
      attachments to the nerve terminal membrane were reduced by 90%. This suggests
      that the failure in transmission may be due to reduction in the number of
      vesicles which are loaded with transmitter and can attach to the terminal
      membrane. The Ca-binding capacity of the lost vesicles was not transferred to the
      plasma membranes. This result was interpreted as support for the hypothesis that
      vesicle-bound ATP provides the Ca-binding site.

PMID- 1202026
TI  - Isolation of liver lysosomes by iron loading. Ultrastructural characterization.
AB  - In summary, the data demonstrate that, by the use of repeated injections of an
      iron sorbitol complex, it is possible to isolate a fraction highly enriched in
      hydrolytic enzymes (60 times over the homogenate) and in well preserved lysosomes
      emanating almost entirely from liver parenchymal cells. The advantage of adding
      fixative to the bottom of the gradient and of using en bloc staining with uranyl
      acetate is also demonstrated.

PMID- 1202025
TI  - Segmental differentiations of cell junctions in the vascular endothelium. The
      microvasculature.
AB  - Small vascular units consisting of an arteriole, its capillaries, and the
      emerging venule (ACV units) were identified in the rat omentum and mesentery.
      They were fixed in situ and processed for electron microscopy either as whole
      units or as dissected segments. Systematic examination of the latter (in thin
      sections, as well as in freeze-cleaved preparations) showed that the
      intercellular junctions of the vascular endothelium vary characteristically from
      one segment to another in the microvasculature. In arterioles, the endothelium
      has continuous and elaborate tight junctions with interpolated large gap
      junctions. The capillary endothelium is provided with tight junctions formed by
      either branching or staggered strands; gap junctions are absent at this level.
      The pericytic venules exhibit loosely organized endothelial junctions with
      discontinuous low-profile ridges and grooves, usually devoid of particles. No gap
      junctions were found in these vessels. The endothelium of muscular venules has
      the same type of junctions (discontinuous ridges and grooves of low profile); in
      addition, it displays isolated gap junctions of smaller size and lower frequency
      than in arterioles. The term communicating junction (macula communicans) is
      proposed as a substitute for gap junctions, since the latter is inappropriate, in
      general, and confusing in the special case of the vascular endothelium.

PMID- 1202027
TI  - Distribution of binding sites for human chorionic gonadotropin in the
      preovulatory follicle of the rat.
AB  - The distribution of binding sites for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the
      preovulatory follicle was studied by autoradiography. An ovulatory dose (10
      IU/rat) of [125I]hCG (1.4 muCi/IU) was administered intravenously, and large
      Graafian follicles were isolated 3 h later by microdissection. Injection of
      excess unlabeled hCG (500 IU/rat) prevented uptake of radioactivity by the
      follicle, indicating that binding of iodinated hormone was confined to specific
      and saturable receptor sites. The density of bound hormone molecules was highest
      in the theca interna and in three to four layers of mural granulosa cells
      adjacent to the basement membrane; labeling was chiefly associated with the cell
      borders. No significant binding could be detected either on the oocyte or on the
      cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte. We therefore suggest that the induction of
      ovum maturation does not require attachment of the hormone to the oocyte itself
      or to follicle cells in its immediate vicinity.

PMID- 1202028
TI  - Calcium in smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum in situ. Conventional and X-ray
      analytical electron microscopy.
AB  - Numerous electron-opaque deposits appear in the SR of the relaxed smooth muscle
      cells of the guinea pig Taenia coli that had been treated, before fixation, with
      a depolarizing medium containing oxalate to precipitate calcium ions in situ. X
      ray spectra obtained by spot and line-scanning analyses of these deposits in situ
      show characteristic calcium signals, thus providing direct evidence for calcium
      accumulation inside the sarcoplasmic reticulum of smooth muscle.

PMID- 1202030
TI  - Development of excitability in embryonic chick skeletal muscle cells.
AB  - During embryonic and early postnatal development, the chick leg muscle cells
      undergo a series of changes in their electrical responses in the following
      sequence: passive response, plateau response, plateau plus spike response and
      spike response. This suggests that the electrogenetic mechanism of muscles
      matures during development; a mechanism producing the plateau may first be
      induced, and then that producing the spike. The plateau is sensitive to manganese
      or cobalt ions, while the spike to tetrodotoxin. This suggests that the plateau
      is related to the increase in permeability to calcium ions, while the spike to
      sodium ions.

PMID- 1202031
TI  - Polyamine metabolism in a rat brain tumor cell line: its relationship to the
      growth rate.
AB  - To investigate whether the metabolism of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine
      and spermine is related to cellular growth rate, we have measured the activities
      of L-ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase as well as
      the levels of the polyamines in rat brain tumor cells at various stages of a 7
      day in vitro growth period and correlated them with the continuous changes in
      specific growth rate ([dN[t]/dt]/N[t]). L-Ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosyl
      L-methionine decarboxylase both exhibited their maximal activities at the time of
      most rapid growth. A high positive correlation between the activities of these
      enzymes and the specific growth rate of the tumor cells during the entire growth
      period was demonstrated statistically. The pattern of fluctuation of the
      spermidine content during the culture cycle was similar to those of the enzyme
      activities and likewise showed a high positive correlation with the specific
      growth rate of the tumor cells during the entire growth period. The putrescine
      content exhibited a low positive correlation, whereas the spermine content
      exhibited a somewhat higher, but negative correlation with the specific growth
      rate. The high correlation between the specific growth rate of the tumor cells
      and the synthesis of the polyamines indicates that these events are primarily
      associated with processes involved in cell replication. Putrescine and spermidine
      are thought to participate in the regulation of cellular growth rate; a high
      content may augment, and a low content may restrain, cellular growth rate.

PMID- 1202029
TI  - Chemical modification of membrane proteins in relation to inhibition of anion
      exchange in human red blood cells.
AB  - Mono-, di-, and trisulfonic acids, including 4,4'-diacetamido stilbene-2,2'
      disulfonic acid (DAS) and 2-(4'-amino phenyl)-6-methylbenzene thiazol-3',7
      disulfonic acid (APMB) produce a reversible inhibition of sulfate equilibrium
      exchange in human red cells. A study of the sidedness of the action of a number
      of these sulfonic acids in red cell ghosts revealed that some, like DAS, inhibit
      only at the outer membrane surface while others, like APMB, inhibit at either
      surface. This finding suggests that at least two different types of membrane
      sites are involved in the control of anion permeability. The nature of the anion
      permeability controlling sites in the outer cell surface was investigated by
      studying the effects of DAS on the inhibition by dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) of
      anion equilibrium exchange and on the binding of DNFB to the proteins of the red
      blood cell membrane. After exposure to DNFB in the presence of DAS for a certain
      period of time, there was a reduction of both the inhibitory effect of DNFB on
      sulfate exchange and the binding of DNFB to the protein in band 3 of SDS
      polyacrylamide gel electropherograms (nomenclature of Steck, J. Cell. Biol., 62:
      1, '74). Since binding to other membrane proteins was not affected, this
      observation supports the assumption that the protein in band 3 plays some role in
      anion transport. In accordance with the absence of an inhibitory effect at the
      inner membrane surface, internal DAS does not affect DNFB binding to the protein
      in band 3. DAS protected the anion exchange system not only against inhibition by
      DNFB but also by m-isothiocyanato benzene sulfonic acid. In contrast to DAS, the
      equally inhibitory phlorizin does not reduce the rate of dinitrophenylation of
      the protein in band 3. This suggests that either not all inhibitors of anion
      exchange exert their action by a combination with sites on the protein in band 3
      or that in spite of the described evidence this protein is not involved in the
      control of anion movements.

PMID- 1202032
TI  - The effects of a glucocorticoid on the cell surface of RLC-GAI cells.
AB  - The purpose of these studies was to examine the effects of a synthetic
      glucocorticoid, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, on the cell surface of an
      epithelial cell line, RLC-GAI, and to investigate the mechanism of these effects.
      Within hours after addition of dexamethasone sodium phosphate to the cultures,
      the cells begin to spread going from a more bipolar to a more epithelioid form;
      this change is maximal by 24 hours. In the spread cells the density of surface
      microvilli, as visualized in the scanning electron microscope, is considerably
      reduced. The changes in cell surface and shape elicited by the glucocorticoid are
      blocked by actinomycin D but not by hydroxyurea. Cell spreading is probably
      related to the configuration of cell microfilaments since these are increased in
      numbers in the presence of the hormone and spreading is inhibited by cytochalasin
      B. An important role of microfilaments in the general mechanism of action of
      glucocorticoids is suggested.

PMID- 1202033
TI  - A mechanical dissociation method for preparation of muscle cell cultures.
AB  - A cell preparation method by which large numbers of embryonic chick skeletal
      muscle cells may be obtained is described. The procedure requires fewer
      manipulations and much less time than standard trypsinization. By the criteria
      used, both methods are comparable with respect to percent viable cells and
      survival of plated cells. However, in addition to the ease of preparation, the
      mechanical dissociation method offers the significant advantage that the cell
      suspension is greatly enriched for myoblasts without the necessity of an
      additional preplating step.

PMID- 1202034
TI  - Possible limitation of growth in human fibroblast cultures by diffusion.
AB  - Secondary cultures of human diploid fibroblasts which demonstrated density
      dependent inhibition of cell growth (DDI) were used to study the possible
      limitation of growth in cell cultures by diffusion. An oscillating platform
      system is described which insures constant mixing of the medium during the
      culturing period. Using this system, it was found that a greater number of cells
      in density inhibited cultures, grown to confluence for four days after initial
      seeding, could be stimulated to resume growth by a fresh medium change if the
      cultures were incubated on the oscillating platform than if the cultures were
      left undisturbed. This greater stimulation on the platform was probably not due
      to mechanical alterations on the surface of the cells due to motion of the medium
      as judged by TCA precipitable material released into the medium from cells
      prelabeled with glucosamine-3H. In spite of this greater stimulation after a
      single treatment with fresh medium, refeeding the cells on the platform every
      other day was a 12-day period did not affect the final saturation density
      achieved in the cultures. The results indicate that diffusion limitation of
      growth might occur under certain circumstances but that it cannot account
      entirely for the phenomenon of DDI.

PMID- 1202036
TI  - Infrequent chromosome aberrations in Syrian hamster cells following partial
      synchrony by amino-acid deprivation.
AB  - Incubation of Syrian hamster embryo secondary cell cultures in isoleucine or
      arginine deficient medium inhibited cell multiplication; 4-7% of the cells were
      synthesizing DNA compared to approximately 40% for cells in complete medium.
      After the deficient medium was replaced with complete medium, cells resumed
      multiplication and within 12 hours 65--70% of the cells entered into the S phase.
      A second peak of labeled cells, approximately 55%, occurred 24 hours after
      addition of complete medium. Chromosomal damage characteristic for cell lines
      grown in amino acid deficient medium did not occur with these Syrian hamster
      cells. Isoleucine or arginine deprivation resulted in chromosomal or chromatid
      aberrations in only 2-5% of the cells, whereas chromosomes of control cells in
      complete medium occasionally exhibit chromatid gaps (less than 1% of the cells).

PMID- 1202035
TI  - Initiation of 3T3 fibroblast cell division by epidermal growth factor.
AB  - Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) at concentrations of 10(-9) to 10(-10) M initiates
      cell division in both confluent and low density non-dividing 3T3 cells. Four days
      after addition of EGF to confluent or low density non-dividing 3T3 cells there is
      a 2- and 5-fold increase, respectively, in cell number.

PMID- 1202037
TI  - Selective depletion of chromosomes in a stable mouse-Chinese hamster hybrid cell
      line using antisera directed against species-specific cell surface antigens.
AB  - A chromosomally-stable mouse-Chinese hamster hybrid cell line was subjected to
      five rounds of selection with cytotoxic antisera raised in rabbits against either
      the parental mouse 3T3 cells or the parental Chinese hamster Wg-1 cells. Routine
      karyological analysis of clones isolated at each stage of serum selection
      revealed that treatment with either serum resulted in a limited loss of
      chromosomes (compared to the untreated hybrid cell cultured in parallel) and that
      the pattern of chromosome loss could not be correlated with the particular
      antiserum used for selection. However, more detailed analysis with the SSC
      formamide C-banding technique, which identifies chromosomes containing a mouse
      centromere region, demonstrated that while large-scale chromosome loss was not
      achieved as a result of antiserum selection, the limited loss of chromosomes did,
      in fact, reflect a specific depletion of chromosomes in response to treatment
      with cytotoxic antiserum. Specific chromosomal elimination was shown to occur as
      early asthe first round of antiserum treatment. Antigenic analysis of the serum
      selected clones revealed a quantitative decrease in the expression of the species
      specific surface antigens selected against, but no qualitative loss of antigens
      was detected. The results suggest that treatment with cytotoxic antiserum may
      select for clones that have lost specific chromosomes bearing genes regulating
      the expression of species-specific surface antigens, rather than for those
      demonstrating large-scale depletion of chromosomes bearing the corresponding
      structural genes.

PMID- 1202038
TI  - Modulation in the rates of incorporation of lipid precursors during the cell
      cycle.
AB  - The rates of incorporation of 3H-choline into phospholipid and of 3H-fucose into
      glycolipid have been measured during the cell cycle of the murine mastocytoma,
      P815Y, synchronized by either velocity sedimentation or excess thymidine
      blockade. The rate of 3H-choline incorporation into acid-insoluble material
      exhibited two distinct maxima coincident with the early S and G2 periods, whereas
      the rate of incorporation of 3H-fucose into lipid extractable material was
      maximal during the G2 period. Variation in rate of incorporation of 3H-choline
      could not be accounted for by changes in membrane permeability.

PMID- 1202040
TI  - A possible role for intercisternal elements in the formation of secretory
      vesicles in plant Golgi apparatus.

PMID- 1202039
TI  - Interaction of steroids with the transport system of glucose in human
      erythrocytes.
AB  - Steroids inhibit the exchange transport of glucose in human erythrocytes. The
      extent of inhibition is roughly correlated to the affinity of the steroids to the
      membrane lipids. All C-21-steroids tested show a competitive inhibition while the
      C-19-steriods show different types of inhibition. 5Beta-androstane-3,17-dione
      acts as a competitive inhibitor. The inhibition by testosterone is of mixed type,
      while with androst-4-ene-3,17-dione and 5alpha-androstane-3,17-dione a non
      competitive inhibition is observed. In this case two inhibitor molecules can be
      bound per transport molecule. The "non-competitive" inhibitors compete also to
      some extent with the glucose binding. This effect, however, is at high inhibitor
      concentrations masked by the more powerful non-competitive inhibition.
      Competitive and non-competitive inhibitors compete with each other. The
      structural requirements for the different types of inhibition are discussed.

PMID- 1202041
TI  - Observations with cytochemistry and ultracryotomy on the fine structure of the
      expanding walls in actively elongating plant cells.
AB  - Ultracryotomy with negative staining and cytochemistry (periodic acid -
      thiocarbohydrazide - silver proteinate test for polysaccharides, in conjunction
      with mild extractions) were used to study the architecture of the cell wall and
      its modifications during expansion. Those techniques were applied to the study in
      situ of the walls of actively elongating parenchyma of mung bean (Phaseolus
      aureus), and pea (Pisum sativum) root and of collenchyma of celery (Apium
      graveolens) petioles. These complementary techniques provide information on the 3
      dimensional disposition and fine structure of the subunits of the wall. In all
      the examples examined, the bulk of growing primary wall appears well-ordered and
      no progressive evolution from a transverse texture near the plasmalemma to a
      scattered texture near the middle lamella was observed. It seems unlikely that
      the development of the wall structure in relation to growth could be explained
      mechanically by a passive shift of the fibrillar elements in response to cellular
      stress. There is no evidence for an inert change in fibrillar orientation in the
      major part of the wall. If such occurs the process is limited to the outermost
      and senescent part of the wall. Thus, the texture observed does not agree with
      the classical multinet growth hypothesis but rather with the idea of an ordered
      structure of the primary wall. With the latter, the components should be able to
      respond in different ways to specific growth regulators and other environmental
      signals and thus exert a more positive control over the processes of oriented
      cell growth.

PMID- 1202042
TI  - Supercoils in human DNA.
AB  - The three-dimensional structure of a double-stranded DNA molecule may be
      described by distinguishing the helical turns of the DNA duplex from any
      superhelical turns that might be superimposed upon the duplex turns. There are
      characteristic changes in the hydrodynamic properties of superhelical DNA
      molecules when they interact with intercalating agents. The hydrodynamic
      properties of nuclear structures released by gently lysing human cells are
      changed by intercalating agents in this characteristic manner. The characteristic
      changes are abolished by irradiating the cells with gamma-rays but may be
      restored by incubating the cells at 37 degrees C after irradiation. These results
      are interpreted as showing that human DNA is supercoiled. A model for the
      structure of the chromosome is suggested.

PMID- 1202043
TI  - Immaturity substances: material basis for immaturity in Paramecium.

PMID- 1202044
TI  - Gas chromatographic resolution of enantiomeric amphetamines and related amines.
      II. Effects of cyclic structures on diastereomer and enantiomer resolution.
AB  - Proline and other cyclic amino acids were used as acylated acid chlorides for the
      resolution of enantiomers of amphentamine and related amines as diastereomers by
      gas chromatography. Variation of ring size or incorporation of a heteroatom into
      the ring of the cyclic resolving agent changed retention times and separation
      factors, depending on the racemic amine derivatized. Separations were achieved on
      a short, packed Carbowax 20M column. Because N-trifluoroacetyl L-prolyl chloride
      has proved especially effective for derivatization of amine enantiomers to give
      diastereomers which often may be resolved by gas chromatography, the proline ring
      was incorporated into a new optically active stationary phase. For the
      enantiomeric derivatives examined, the new proline ester phase gave separations
      essentially equivalent to those obtained on the commercially available phase,
      carbonyl bis-(L-valine isopropyl ester). The fact that resolution was achieved on
      the new phase is evidence that, as has been previously suggested, the ester
      carbonyls of this type of phase are the significant sites of interaction with the
      antipodes undergoing separation.

PMID- 1202045
TI  - Separation of thiazide diuretics and antihypertensive drugs by thin-layer
      chromatography.
AB  - A procedure is reported for the thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) separation and
      identification of thiazide diuretics and other antihypertensive drugs. Several
      new solvent systems and a variety of possible detection reagents were examined.
      Twenty thiazides used routinely in therapy were successfully separated and
      identified. Use of the TLC systems and combinations of the detecting methods
      described should be useful for the identification of these drugs in biological
      fluids and in various dosage forms.

PMID- 1202046
TI  - Electron-capture gas chromatography of barbituric acids and diphenylhydantoin
      after pentafluorobenzylation.
AB  - Alkylation of barbituric acids and diphenylhydantoin with pentafluorobenzyl
      bromide is described; the reaction is quantitative in the presence of excess of
      triethylamine. The electron-capture detector response of the derivatives is high,
      ranging from 2 to 8 x 10(-17) moles/sec. The derivatives demonstrate excellent
      peak symmetry and are well suited to quantitative analysis. The structures of the
      derivatives have been confirmed by mass spectrometry.

PMID- 1202047
TI  - Isolation and gas chromatographic characterization of some toxaphene components.
AB  - Column chromatography of technical toxaphene on activated alumina reproducibly
      yields eight major fractions from which 2,2,5-endo,6-exo,8,9,10
      heptachlorobornane and 2,5,6-exo,8,8,9,10-heptachlorodihydrocamphene may be
      readily isolated by preparative gas--liquid chromatogrpahy. These and some other
      reported toxaphene components were characterized by gas--liquid chromatographic
      retentions relative to aldrin on packed columns of OV-101, OV-17, and QF-1, and
      on a capillary open-tubular column of OV-101. Structural assignments were revised
      for some components on the basis of retentions. The fractionation and isolation
      procedure may have general utility for separating toxaphene components, and the
      retention data form a convenient basis for component comparison.

PMID- 1202048
TI  - Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in urine.
AB  - The sensitivity achieved by the described thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method
      greatly exceeds that of previously published TLC methods for the determination of
      cocaine and its principal metabolite, benzoylecgonine, in urine. Sensitivity for
      cocaine and benzoylecgonine approaches 0.1 and 0.25 mug/ml, respectively, for a
      5.0-ml specimen. A simple extraction with a mixed organic solvent provides the
      basic mechanism for isolating the drugs from biologic specimens. Cocaine and its
      metabolites are stable in sulfuric acid solutions but labile in aqueous media
      containing certain other inorganic and organic acids; therefore, an emphasis on
      the utilization of sulfuric acid solutions is employed throughout the procedure.
      An evaluation of sensitivities achieved for cocaine and benzoylecgonine by
      various detection reagents is presented. The technique is applicable to drug
      screening programs.

PMID- 1202049
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of hydrochlorothiazide in plasma, blood
      corpuscles and urine using an extractive alkylation technique.

PMID- 1202050
TI  - A convenient biological synthesis of 19-hydroxy(4-14C)4-androstene-3,17-dione
      from (4-14C)4-androstene-3,17-dione with sow ovarian 19-hydroxylase.

PMID- 1202051
TI  - Identification of 6,7-dihydroxytetrahydroisoquinoline as an in vitro reaction
      product by gas-liquid radiochromatography.

PMID- 1202052
TI  - [Separation of caffeine, theophylline and theobromine with assistance from high
      pressure liquid chromatography].

PMID- 1202053
TI  - A high-speed liquid chromatographic analysis of indomethacin in plasma.

PMID- 1202054
TI  - Evaluation and selection of optimal solvents and solvent combinations in thin
      layer chromatography. Application of the method to basic drugs.
AB  - A series of simple mathematical techniques for the evaluation of solvents and
      solvent combinations in thin-layer chromatography have been investigated. A
      strategy for the rapid selection of the optimum combination is proposed. It uses
      classification procedures based on calculation of the similarity between systems.
      The classification is carried out using a simple graph-theoretical procedure
      (Kruskal's algorithm) or numerical taxonomy. The selection of optimal sets from
      the clusters which appear in the classification is based on the information
      content as derived from Shannon's equation. The method has been applied to an RF
      data set for basic drugs. It is concluded that these methods indeed allow the
      selection of optimal systems or combination of systems.

PMID- 1202055
TI  - The analysis of paraquat in urine by high-speed liquid chromatography.
AB  - The paraquat content of urine can be directly determined by high-speed liquid
      chromatography using ultraviolet spectrophotometric detection. The method
      separates paraquat (and diquat) from the ultraviolet-absorbing components of
      urine and no extraction or pre-treatment of the sample is required prior to
      analysis. Concentrations down to 100 mug/1 of paraquat in urine were determined.
      Quantitative results are in good agreement with those obtained by a colorimetric
      method. Diquat does not interfere with the analysis of paraquat, and it would
      also be possible to analyse diquat in paraquat-containing urine.

PMID- 1202056
TI  - Behaviour of cardiac glycosides and cardenolides related to digitoxigenin on
      sephadex LH-20.
AB  - The behaviour of six cardenolides and eight cardiac glycosides related to
      digitoxigenin during column chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 gel has been
      investigated. Complete resolution was obtained for mixtures of digitoxigenin,
      gitoxigenin and digoxigenin, but not for those of the 3-epimeric cardenolides. It
      was possible to achieve a group separation of cardenolides and their glycosides
      of the digitoxigenin series from those of the digoxigenin or gitoxigenin series.

PMID- 1202057
TI  - Thin-layer chromatographic assays of histamine and its metabolites in urine of
      man and dog.
AB  - A method for the extraction and quantitation of histamine and its metabolites
      from relatively small volumes of urine is described. It employs primarily ion
      exchange and thin-layer chromatography and allows for quantitation in the mug
      range. Studies of atopic man and dog that employed this procedure yielded values
      comparable to those reported with gas chromatographic methods.

PMID- 1202058
TI  - Sterols of scallop. I. Application of hydrophobic sephadex derivatives to the
      resolution of a complex mixture of marine sterols.
AB  - Column chromatography on a hydroxyalkoxypropyl derivative of Sephadex LH-20 and
      on Anasil B has been applied to the resolution of complex marine sterol mixture
      in combination with argentation thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography.
      This approach permits isolation in quantity of individual sterols from a complex
      mixture and separation of sterol mixtures that were not resolved without the
      modified Sephadex step. Seventeen sterols were detected in the scallop
      Placopecten magellanicus. 24-Methyl-cholesterol, 24-ethyl-cholesterol, 24-methyl
      22-dehydrocholesterol and 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, i.e. sterols whose
      configuration at C-24 had not been definitively established, were isolated in
      sufficient quantities for further study by nuclear magnetic resonance
      spectroscopy.

PMID- 1202059
TI  - Gas-liquid chromatographic studies of reactions and structural relationships of
      steroids. IV. Substitution in the pregnane side-chain.
AB  - Qualitative and quantitative effects of classical reactions on steroids observed
      by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) under standardized conditions, including the
      double internal standard technique are reported. Simple procedures applicable to
      nanogram amounts of reactants are described. Reactions studied include the
      conversion of keto groups to hydroxyl groups by NaBH4, and to dioxolone
      derivatives by 1,2-diethanol; 17 alpha-hydroxylation of C20-ketosteroids; the
      conversion of hydroxyl groups to trimethylsilyl (TMS) ethers by
      hexamethyldisilazane; the hydrolysis of dioxolone and TMS derivatives by H+.
      Effects of Wolff-Kishner reagents, and CrO3 were also studied. GLC chromatograms
      of reaction mixtures of single- and multistep reactions readily provide
      information on effects on functional groups at positions 3, 17, 20, and 21 in the
      pregnane series, and the retention times of many steroids unavailable from
      commercial and other sources. GLC data analysis provides relationships between
      steroid structure and retention time from which methods for the computation of
      retention times and for steroid identification are designed. The accuracy of the
      computation methods is demonstrated.

PMID- 1202061
TI  - [Separation of the four diastereoisomers of 6-hydroxy-5, 6-dihydrothymidine
      formed by gama-radiolysis of thymidine in deaerateed aqueous solution (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The compounds produced by gamma irradiation of deaerated aqueous solutions of
      thymidine have been isolated by thin-layer chromatography. The separation of (+)
      and (-) trans and cis diastereoisomers of thymidine "hydrates" has been carried
      out. Correlations between conformations given by nuclear magnetic resonance
      spectra and RF values are discussed.

PMID- 1202060
TI  - Application of over-run thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography in the
      separation of closely related C19O2 steroids.
AB  - An improved method for the separation of epimeric C19O2 steroids and their
      related allylic alcohols is described. In this method, the steroids are first
      separated by over-run thin-layer chromatography, and the unresolved groups are
      further analysed as free or as trimethylsilyl ether derivatives by gas-liquid
      chromatography. The behaviour of twenty-one C19O2 steroids was investigated by
      thin-layer chromatography in four systems and by gas-liquid chromatography in
      four liquid phases. All steroid pairs of similar polarity were resolved by the
      combination of these two fractionation procedures.

PMID- 1202062
TI  - Analysis and purification of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate by means of thin-layer
      chromatography.
AB  - Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) is nowadays accepted as a biocompatible, safe
      and stable hydrogel for medical use. In this paper, the use of thin-layer
      chromatography for the analysis and small-scale preparation of the initial
      monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, is described. Development on silica gel,
      with n-hexane-diethyl ether (1:1, v/v) and/or n-hexane-isobutyl methyl ketone-n
      octanol (9:2:1, v/v; saturated with 25% nitric acid) is recommended for
      qualitative analysis. Preparative-scale work is preferably carried out on
      sulphuric acid-impregnated silica gel, with n-hexane-diethyl ether (1:1, v/v) as
      mobile phase. Inhibitors are detected by thin-layer chromatography and a drop
      test procedure with diazotised sulphanilic acid. The nature of the contaminants
      present in several commercial samples of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is
      discussed. n20D values are reported for the system 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
      water.

PMID- 1202063
TI  - Use of isomers in the detection and estimation of volatile nitrosamines by
      combined high-resolution mass spectrometry-gas chromatography.

PMID- 1202064
TI  - A gas chromatographic assay for probenecid and its metabolites in biological
      fluids.

PMID- 1202065
TI  - [High pressure liquid chromatographic determination of allopurinol and oxipurinol
      in serum].

PMID- 1202066
TI  - High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis for triamcinolone acetonide in rice
      starch.

PMID- 1202067
TI  - An improved buffer system for use in single-column gradient-elution ion-exchange
      chromatography of amino acids.

PMID- 1202068
TI  - Simple ion-exchange column fractionation of ribonucleotides.

PMID- 1202069
TI  - Separation of 5alpha-pregnan-3,20-dione and progesterone on sephadex LH-20.

PMID- 1202070
TI  - Modified Jungnickel's reagent for detecting phospholipids and other phosphorus
      compounds on thin-layer chromatograms.

PMID- 1202071
TI  - Chromatographic separation of dihydroxybenzenes on a column of merckogel PGM
      2000.

PMID- 1202072
TI  - A method for detecting free phenolic groups and indole derivatives in thin-layer
      or paper chromatography.

PMID- 1202073
TI  - Methylation of skin surface lipid free fatty acids.

PMID- 1202074
TI  - Gas chromatography of alpha-keto acids as their O-trimethyl silylquinoxalinol
      derivatives.
AB  - The O-trimethylsilyl (TMS) quinoxalinols are very useful derivatives for the gas
      chromatography of alpha-keto acids because of their high stability and the
      absence of stereoisomerism and because of the presence of specific, common and
      abundant fragments in electron impact mass spectra, which allows the low-level
      detection of whole groups of keto acids by single-ion detection. In this paper,
      the chromatographic properties of eleven O-TMS-quinoxalinols on OV-1, OV-17 and
      Dexsil 300 are reported in terms of methylene units. Also by use of methylene
      units, the chromatographic isotope effect is analyzed in detail for nine
      perdeutero-TMS derivatives. The effect is explained by the diminished interaction
      of the deuterated compounds with the unlabelled liquid phase.

PMID- 1202075
TI  - Identification of carcinogenic acetates of fluorenylhydroxamic acids by high
      pressure liquid chromatography.
AB  - A method for the identification and quantitation of carcinogeniic O-acetates of
      fluorenylhydroxamic acids by high-pressure liquid chromatography is described.
      The adsorbent is Corasil II and a mixture of ethyl acetate-n-hexane (1:1) is used
      as the solvent. N-Acetoxy-2-fluorenylacetamide or N-acetoxy-3-fluorenylacetamide
      are separable as single peaks from N-acetoxy-4-fluorenylacetamide and from N
      acetoxy-2-fluorenylbenzamide. The peak height traced by the recorder is linearly
      proportional to the amount of compound in the effluent. The method can be
      utilized for the detection of 0.1-1.0 mug of compound. The method has been used
      to identify the products of the decomposition of N-acetoxy-2-fluorenylacetamide
      in aqueous media.

PMID- 1202076
TI  - The determination of hydralazine in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography.
AB  - A description is given of a gas chromatographic method for the determination of
      hydralazine in plasma. On treatment with nitrous acid, hydralazine is converted
      into tetrazolo[1,5-a]phthalazine, a stable compound that can be extracted from
      biological material with organic solvent and determined quantitiatively by gas
      liquid chromatography. The 4-methyl analogue of hydralazine serves as internal
      standard for derivatization, extraction and gas chromatography. The sensitivity
      (10 ng per ml of plasma) is sufficient to monitor plasma levels in man after
      administration of single oral doses of 50 mg of Apresoline?. The known
      metabolites do not interfere.

PMID- 1202077
TI  - Evidence for two different modes of tripeptide disappearance in human intestine.
      Uptake by peptide carrier systems and hydrolysis by peptide hydrolases.
AB  - The intestinal fate of two tripeptides (triglycine and trileucine), which differ
      markedly in solubility and molecular weight, have been investigated by jejunal
      perfusion in healthy human volunteers. Rates of glycine or leucine uptake from
      test solutions containing triglycine or trileucine were greater than from test
      solutions containing corresponding amounts of free glycine or free leucine,
      respectively. The rate of glycine uptake from a 100 mM triglycine solution was
      greater than that from a 150 mM diglycine solution. At each infused load of
      triglycine (e.g., 1,000 mumol/min) the rates (micromoles/minutes per 30 cm) of
      either triglycine disappearance (810 +/- 40) or glycine absorption (2,208 +/-
      122) were markedly greater than the luminal accumulation rates of either
      diglycine (56 +/- 10) or free glycine (110 +/- 18). The luminal accumulation rate
      of free leucine during infusion of a 5 mM trileucine solution was over threefold
      greater than that of free glycine during the infusion of a 5 mM triglycine
      solution. Luminal fluid exhibited no hydrolytic activity against triglycine, but
      contained some activity against trileucine. Saturation of free amino acid carrier
      system with a large load of leucine did not affect glycine absorption rate from a
      triglycine test solution, but isoleucine markedly inhibited the uptake from a
      trileucine solution. When the carrier system for dipeptides was saturated with a
      large amount of glycylleucine, the disappearance rate of triglycine was
      considerably reduced while that of trileucine remained unaffected. After addition
      of glycylleucine to tripeptide solutions, there was a minimal increase in the
      luminal accumulation of diglycine, while dileucine accumulation was incresed by
      62-fold.

PMID- 1202078
TI  - Metabolism of prostaglandins A1 and E1 in man.
AB  - To investigate the in vivo whole blood metabolic clearance rates and sites of
      metabolism of prostaglandins A1 and E1 in man, constant infusions of the
      tritiated compounds were administered to normal subjects and to patients
      undergoing cardiac catheterization. The whole blood metabolic clearance rate of
      [3H]prostaglandin A1 in eight men was 5,003 +/- 864 liters/day (SD) or 2,546 +/-
      513 liters/day per m2 (SD). Nonradioactive prostaglandin A1 was similarly infused
      in two subjects, and the metabolic clearance rates were determined, utilizing a
      specific radioimmunoassay. The clearance rates with this method correlated
      closely with those determined by the isotope infusions. Extraction studies of
      prostaglandin A1 showed that pulmonary, splanchnic, renal, and extremity
      perfusions resulted in 8.1 +/- 4.1, 56.1 +/- 10.1, 50.3 +/- 3.4, and 34.4 +/-
      5.9% (SEM) removal, respectively. With [3H]=prostaglandin E1, the whole blood
      metabolic clearance rate was determined from the pulmonary artery concentration
      in three patients and averaged 4,832 +/- 1,518 liters/day (SD) or 2,686 +/- 654
      liters/day per m2 (SD). Pulmonary extraction was 67.8 +/- 6.8% (SEM) and
      extremity removal averaged 6.6 +/- 4.9% (SEM). These results indicate that A
      prostaglandins are metabolized by several organs, such as the liver and kidney,
      and possibly by intravascular pathways as well. In man, the E prostaglandins are
      primarily metabolized by the lung, but extraction is not complete and
      approximately one-third may escape lung metabolism. Thus, these findings suggest
      that both E and A prostaglandins in the venous circulation may reach the systemic
      circulation in man.

PMID- 1202079
TI  - The relationship between regional myocardial perfusion at rest and arteriographic
      lesions in patients with coronary atherosclerosis.
AB  - Measurements of mean left ventricular (LV) and regional myocardial blood flow
      rates were made at rest in 161 patients with 133Xe and a multiplecrystal
      scintillation camera. Myocardial perfusion rates were correlated with assessments
      of the degree of coronary artery disease made from the arteriograms obtained
      during the same studies. In patients with normal coronary arteries without heart
      failure, the presence of hypertension, aortic stenosis, or aortic insufficiency
      was not associated with changes in mean LV perfusion from the control value of
      61+/-7 ml/100 g-min. However, mean LV perfusion was significantly reduced in
      patients with normal coronary arteries who had cariomyopathy and impaired
      ventricular performance. Mean LV perfusion was not significantly different from
      control values in patients with "mild" coronary artery disease (less than 50%
      obstruction) or in patients with significant isolated disease (greater than 50%
      obstruction) of the left anterior descending (lad) artery. Significant reductions
      in mean LV perfusion were found in patients with greater than 50% obstruction of
      two coronary arteries (LAD + right or LAD + circumflex) and in patients with
      triple-vessel disease. The average perfusion rate for regions distal to LAD
      obstructions in patients with isolated LAD disease was not lower than the LAD
      perfusion in control patients, but was significantly reduced in patients with LAD
      + right coronary artery disease (43+/-14 ml/100 g-min). In the latter group
      average perfusion distal to the LAD lesion was significantly lower than the
      average regional perfusion rate for the remainder of the LV. However, the mean
      blood flow rate for the remainder of the LV was also significantly lower than
      control values despite the lack of significant circumflex disease. The data
      demonstrate that the presence of radiographically "mild" or significant isolated
      LAD coronary disease is not associated with reductions in mean LV perfusion at
      rest, but that mean LV perfusion is reduced in the presence of significant
      disease of two or three coronary artieries. None of the patients experienced
      angina during the resting studies and most had clinical evidence of ventricular
      failure. The observation of depressed LV perfusion in this group, as in the
      patients with cardiomyopathy, raises the possibility that a lowered resting blood
      supply may be adequate for a reduced level of performance of a diseased
      ventricle. The lack of selective reductions of regional perfusion at rest in the
      majority of the patients with LAD lesions suggests that regional myocardial blood
      flow must be measured during an intervention which increases myocardial oxygen
      consumption in order to assess the physiological significance of lesions which
      are observed at coronary arteriography.

PMID- 1202080
TI  - The purification and partial characterization of an insulin-like protein from
      human serum.
AB  - A preparative scheme has been developed for the purification of a trace protein
      in human serum exhibiting nonsuppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA). This
      scheme consisted of (a) adsorption chromatography of serum utilizing the sulfonic
      acid polystyrene resin, Dowex 50, at pH 6.8; (b) (200 gel filtration at pH 8.9;
      and (c) acrylamide gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous preparative system.
      Throughout all procedures, NSILA fractionated as a single molecular species
      approximating 90,000 mol wt. The purified protein exhibited a single band by disk
      gel electrophoresis, an isoelectric pH approximating 6.2, doublet bands of 90,000
      mol mt by analytical sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, and a biologic
      specific activity approximating 50 mU/mg. Serum somatomedin (sulfation factor)
      activtiy did not fractionate with NSILA in this scheme, and partially purified
      NSILA did not stimulate radiosulfate uptake into hypophysectomized rat costal
      cartilage. This protein appears to represent the major constituent of serum
      NSILA: its purification and partial characterization provides the first step
      towards elucidation of its metabolic role.

PMID- 1202082
TI  - Erythropoietic protoporphyria and lead intoxication: the molecular basis for
      difference in cutaneous photosensitivity. I. Different rates of disappearance of
      protoporphyrin from the erythrocytes, both in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - In lead intoxication photosensitivity is usually absent, despite concentrations
      of protoporphyrin in the erythrocytes equal to or greater than in erythropoietic
      protoporphyria. Profound differences in the distribution of protoporphyrin in
      aging erythrocytes were demonstrated by age-dependent fractionation of cells on
      discontinuous density gradients. In erythropoietic protoporphyria the
      concentration of protoporphyrin declined extremely rapidly with erythrocyte age;
      the bulk of the protoporphyrin was lost in less than 3 days and the concentration
      of fluorescent erythrocytes in the gradient paralleled the decline of
      protoporphyrin. In lead intoxication the protoporphyrin concentration declined
      only slightly with cell aging and erythrocytes of all ages fluoresced. In the
      bone marrow from a patient with erythropoietic protoporphyria all reticulocytes,
      but only occasional late normoblasts, fluoresced, suggesting a single population.
      Sterile incubation in plasma (pH 7.5) demonstrated rapid diffusion of
      protoporphyrin from the erythrocytes in erythropoietic protoporphyria, but not in
      lead intoxication. Plasma protoporphyrin was elevated in erythropoietic
      protoporphyria, but not in lead intoxication. Estimates of the daily loss of
      protoporphyrin from erythropoietic tissue in erythropoietic proporphyria
      suggested an order of magnitude similar to the total blood protoporphyrin.
      Therefore, it is not necessary to postulate a preponderant extraerythropoietic
      source to explain the amount of fecal excretion. A significant amount of the
      diffused protoporphyrin probably reaches the skin with resulting
      photosensitivity. In contrast, in lead intoxication protoporphyrin remains within
      the erythrocyte throughout its life span ; there is no diffusion into the plasma
      and hence no photosensitivity.

PMID- 1202081
TI  - Effect of dexamethasone on insulin binding, glucose transport, and glucose
      oxidation of isolated rat adipocytes.
AB  - We have studied the in vitro effects of dexamethasone on isolated rat adipocytes
      at concentrations of dexamethasone therapeutically achieved in man. Glucose
      oxidation, glucose transport, and insulin binding were assessed. In dexamethasone
      treated cells, glucose oxidation was decreased by 30-40% both in the absence of
      insulin (basal state) and at low insulin levels (less than 25 mu/ML). At
      maximally effective insulin levels (over 100 muU/ml) no differences existed
      between control and treated cells. If glucose transport were the rate-limiting
      step for glucose oxidation in the basal state and at low (submaximal) insulin
      levels, but not at maximally effective insulin concentrations, then these data
      could be explained by postulating that dexamethasone has a direct affect on
      glucose transport and does not affect intracellular oxidative pathways. We tested
      this hypothesis by directly assessing glucose transport in dexamethasone-treated
      cells. Glucose transport was assessed by measuring the uptake of [14C]2-deoxy
      glucose. These studies demonstrated a 30-40% decrease in 2-deoxy glucose uptake
      by treated cells both in the basal state and at all insulin concentrations. Thus,
      a direct glucocorticoid effect on the glucose transport system seems to account
      for the decreased ability of dexamethasone-treated cells to oxidize glucose.
      Since dexamethasone treatment leads to decreased insulin binding to adipocytes in
      vivo, we examined the possibility that the in vitro decreases in insulin-mediated
      glucose transport could be due to decreased insulin receptors. Insulin binding to
      control and treated adipocytes was measured, and no differences were found.
      Therefore, in cntrast to previously reported in vivo studies, adipocytes treated
      in vitro with dexamethasone retain a normal ability to bind insulin. Thus, these
      studies suggest that all of the in vitro effects of dexamethasone on glucose
      oxidation are due to direct inhibition of the glucose transport system.

PMID- 1202084
TI  - Clinical evaluation of group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines
      in infants.
AB  - Group A and group C meningoccal polysaccharide vaccines were evaluated in
      infants. No significant local or systemic reactions were observed with 908 doses
      of vaccine given to 396 infants between 3 and 12 mo of age. The antibody response
      varied with the age of the infant, vaccine dose, molecular weight of vaccine,
      prior immunization with vaccine, and prior exposure to naturally occurring cross
      reactive antigens. Only 7% of 3-mo-old infants had detectable antibody responses
      to primary immunization with 5-200 mug of A vaccine, presumably because of
      suppressive effects of high concentrations of maternal anti-A. More than 90% of 7
      and 12-mo-old infants responded to A vaccine, achieving geometric mean anti-A
      concentrations of 0.38 and 0.98 mug/ml, respectively. The dose-response curve was
      flat between 10 and 200 mug of A vaccine. Geometric mean anti-A concentrations of
      2.51 and 4.00 mug/ml were induced in 7- and 12-mo-old infants by booster
      injections of A vaccine. Approximately 90% of 3-mo-old infants had detectable
      antibody responses to primary immunization with C vaccine. The 100-mug dose
      appeared to be optimal, resulting in geometric mean anti-C concentrations of
      0.49, 1.55, and 2.64 mug/ml in 3-, 7-, and 12-mo-old infants, respectively.
      Significant booster responses were not observed with C vaccine. Indeed, except
      for the 10-mug dose, booster injections of C vaccine in 7- and 12-mo-old infants
      resulted in lower anti-C concentrations than did primary immunizations.

PMID- 1202083
TI  - Erythropoietic protoporphyria and lead intoxication: the molecular basis for
      difference in cutaneous photosensitivity. II. Different binding of erythrocyte
      protoporphyrin to hemoglobin.
AB  - Acidic solvents extract the same porphyrin-protoporphyrin-from the erythrocytes
      of patients with either erythropoietic protoporphyria or lead intoxication.
      However, extractable protoporphyrin disappears rapidly, both in vivo and in
      vitro, from erythrocytes in erythropoietic protoporphyria but slowly, if at all,
      in lead intoxication. Consistent with these observations, fluorescence
      spectroscopy revealed that the intracellular state of the erythrocyte
      protoporphyrin is different in the two diseases. Spectrofluorometric measurements
      coupled with fractionations and biochemical syntheses showed that in
      erythropoietic protoporphyria the protoporphyrin is bound as the free base to
      hemoglobin molecules at sites other than the heme binding sites. In lead
      intoxication the fluorescent porphyrin is also bound to hemoglobin but is present
      as zinc protoporphyrin. The data suggest that the zinc protoporphyrin is bound at
      heme binding sites. Acidic extraction solvents remove the chelated zinc, but zinc
      protoporphyrin may be extracted intact from erythrocytes with acetone, ethanol,
      or the detergent Ammonyx-LO.

PMID- 1202085
TI  - Glucocorticoid levels in maternal and cord serum after prenatal betamethasone
      therapy to prevent respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - Serum glucocorticoid levels were determined in 20 mothers and 43 premature
      infants who received prenatal betamethasone therapy for prevention of respiratory
      distress syndrome (RDS). Maternal betamethasone peaked at 75 microg cortisol
      equivalents per 100 ml 1 h after injection of 12 mg steroid and declined to half
      by 6 h. Betamethasone in cord blood was 14.3 microg cortisol equivalents per 100
      ml at 1 h, decreased to a level of 4.7 at 20 h, and was not detected 2 days after
      a second dose at 24 h. After the second dose, the mean level of cortisol in cord
      blood was 5.9 microg per 100 ml compared with 13.05 microg per 100 ml (p less
      than 0.001) in untreated premature infants. The unbound glucocorticoid activity
      in treated infants delivered 1-10 h after the second dose (mean, 8.4 microg per
      100 ml) is similar to the unbound cortisol level after birth in untreated
      premature infants who develop RDS. These findings indicate that (a) serum
      glucocorticoid levels in the physiologic stress range can induce lung maturation
      in the human and (b) antenatal treatment with this dose of betamethasone does not
      expose the human fetus to potentially harmful pharmacologic levels of steroid.

PMID- 1202086
TI  - Peripheral metabolism of insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide in the pregnant rat.
AB  - To clarify alterations in carbohydrate metabolism which occur in pregnancy,
      metabolic clearance rates of insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide were measured by
      the constant infusion technique in term-pregnant rats and in virgin littermates.
      In addition, placental permeability to these peptides was evaluated by
      simultaneous determination of their concentration in fetal blood, amniotic fluid,
      and maternal arterial blood and the renal extraction and excretion of insulin and
      C-peptide were determined during simultaneous studies of renal hemodynamics. The
      metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of insulin was higher (P less than 0.005) in
      pregnant animals (61.5+/-1.7 ml/min per kg nonconceptus body weight) than in
      virgin littermates (51.5+/-2.2 ml/min per kg). Insulin disappearance from the
      circulation after both single injection and discontinuance of a constant infusion
      was also faster in gravid animals. In contrast, the MCR of proinsulin and C
      peptide, and the disappearance of C-peptide from the circulation were similar in
      pregnant and control rats. The placenta was virtually impermeable to each of the
      three polypeptides since their mean levels in both fetal blood and amniotic fluid
      did not exceed 2.5 ng/ml and were only minimally influenced by pharmacological
      concentrations as high as 60 ng/ml in the maternal circulation. The renal
      clearance of insulin (renal arteriovenous insulin difference X renal plasma flow)
      was lower, and its contribution to insulin MCR was less in pregnant animals than
      in controls (19.4+/-1.5% vs. 28.7+/-3.7%, P less than 0.05), whereas the renal
      clearance and renal clearance/MCR of C-peptide were similar in pregnant rats and
      virgin littermates. These results indicate that the peripheral metabolism of
      insulin is accelerated in pregnancy, while that of pro-insulin and C-peptide is
      unaffected. Since transplacental passage of insulin is negligible and its renal
      clearance is not increased, the enhanced MCR of insulin in pregnancy is due to
      increased metabolism at an extrarenal site probably within the placenta itself.

PMID- 1202087
TI  - Serum calcitonin-lowering effect of magnesium in patients with medullary
      carcinoma of the thyroid.
AB  - The effect of magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate infusion on circulating
      levels of immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) was evaluated on nine occasions in
      three patients with metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. One patient
      was normocalcemic and had normal circulating levels of immunoreactive parathyroid
      hormone (iPTH), one patient was hypocalcemic and had surgical hypoparathyroidism,
      and one patient had mild to moderate hypercalcemia associated with bone
      metastases. The basal serum iPTH levels were undetectable in the latter two
      patients. In every instance magnesium administration produced a rapid and
      striking fall in circulating iCT and usually a detectable fall in serum calcium.
      During the hypermagnesemic state, serum iPTH fell from normal to undetectable in
      the patient with normal parathyroid function, while serum iPTH levels remained
      undetectable in the hypoparathyroid patient and in the patient with hypercalcemia
      associated with bone metastases. The results of these studies indicate that: (a)
      contrary to what has been reported in normal experimental animals, magnesium
      administration lowers circulating iCT in human subjects with thyroid medullary
      carcinoma and (b) the calcium-lowering effect produced by magnesium in patients
      with medullary carcinoma may, in part at least, be due to a redistribution of
      body calcium that is not mediated by the actions of either parathyroid hormone or
      clacitonin.

PMID- 1202090
TI  - Effects of hippocampal stimulation on acquisition, extinction and generalization
      of conditioned suppression in the rat.
AB  - Rats implanted with electrodes in the dorsal or ventral hippocampus received
      posttrial stimulation in training sessions with footshock reinforcement.
      Afterdischarges without overt seizures were consistently without effect on the
      rate of acquisition of suppression of licking during an auditory conditioned
      stimulus (CS), although conditioning was retarded by the delivery of distracting
      stimuli following footshock. The rate of conditioning remained insensitive to
      elicitation of dorsal hippocampal afterdischarges (DHAD) despite subsequent
      alterations of session length, intertrial interval and preexposure to the CS.
      However, faster extinction of suppression occurred following DHAD, suggesting a
      limited but essential role of the hippocampus in addressing stored information.

PMID- 1202089
TI  - Williams trait. Human kininogen deficiency with diminished levels of plasminogen
      proactivator and prekallikrein associated with abnormalities of the Hageman
      factor-dependent pathways.
AB  - An asymptomatic woman (Ms. Williams) was found to have a severe abnormality in
      the surface-activated intrinsic coagulation, fibrinolytic, and kinin-generating
      pathways. Assays for known coagulation factors were nromal while Fletcher factor
      (pre-kallikrein) was 45%, insufficient to account for the observed markedly
      prolonged partial thromboplastin time. Plasminogen proactivator was present at
      20% of normal levels and addition of highly purified plasminogen proactivator
      containing 10% plasminogen activator partially corrected the coagulation and
      fibrinolytic abnormalities but not the kinin-generating defect. This effect was
      due to its plasminogen activator content. In addition, Williams trait plasma
      failed to convert prekallilrein to lakkilrein or release kinin upon incubation
      with kaolin. Kininogen antigen was undetectable. When normal plasma was
      fractionated to identify the factor that corrects all the abnormalities in
      Williams trait plasma, the Williams factor was identified as a form of kininogen
      by its behavior on ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, disc gel
      electrophoresis, and elution from an anti-low molecular weight kininogen
      immunoadsorbent. High molecular weight kininogen as well as a subfraction of low
      molecular weight kininogen, possessed this corrective activity while the bulk of
      low molecular weight kininogen functioned only as a kallikrein substrate.
      Kininogen therefore is a critical factor required for the functioning of Hageman
      factor-dependent coagulation and fibrinolysis and for the activation of
      prekallikrein.

PMID- 1202088
TI  - Cytochemical localization of lysosomal enzymes in rat megakaryocytes and
      platelets.
AB  - Platelets secrete lysosmal enzymes during the "platelet release reaction" early
      in clot formation. This study was undertaken to identify primary lysosomes of
      platelets and to detemine their origin in megakaryocytes. Using electron
      microscopy and cytochemistry, we localized two lysosomal enzymes, arylsulfatase
      and acid phosphatase, in megakaryocytes and platelets of normal and
      thrombocytopenic rats. In platelets and mature megakaryocytes, reaction product
      for both enzymes is confined to vesicles measuring 175-250 nm. These vesicles,
      which are primary lysosmes, first appear in the earliest recognizable
      megakaryocytes and increase in number during cellular maturation. In immature and
      maturing megakaryocytes, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase can also be
      demonstrated in an organell similar to GERL (Golgi-endoplasmic
      reticulumlysosome), i.e., single smooth-surfaced cisternal with associated
      vesicles near the stacked Golgi cisternae. Scant reaction product for acid
      phosphatase is also sometimes seen in Golgi cisternae and endoplasmic reticulum.
      No reaction product was found in alpha-granules at any stage of megakaryocyte
      maturation, nor in alpha- or serotonin granules of platelets. Thus, our findings
      indicate that the primay lysosomes of megakaryocytes and platelets are small
      vesicles derived from GERL early in megakaryocyte differentiation. They can be
      indentified only after cytochemical staining and are distinct from both alpha-
      and serotonin granules.

PMID- 1202091
TI  - Active avoidance behavior following archistriatal lesions in pigeons.
AB  - Experiment 1 examined the performance of 10 pigeons, 5 with bilateral medial
      archistriatal lesions and 5 sham-operated controls, in the acquisition and
      maintnenance of a discrete-press avoidance response. The archistriatal subjects
      had longer response latencies and never attained the level of performance
      achieved by the controls. In Experiment 2 eight pigeons learned a treadle-press
      response to avoid or escape shock on a signaled free-operant schedule. After 17
      daily sessions four subjects received bilateral lesions in the medial
      archistriatum, and four received control lesions in the neostriatum. After
      recovery from surgery, all subjects were returned to the experimental procedure.
      Avoidance of those subjects with archistriatal lesions was impaired relative to
      the postoperative level while that of the control group was unchanged. These
      results are interpreted in the light of earlier experiments showing reduced
      escape and avoidance behavior both in order avian species and in mammals with
      lesions in the amygdala, to which the archistriatum is considered homologous.

PMID- 1202092
TI  - Form preferences in successive discrimination learning of young chicks.
AB  - In four experiments the effects of form and orientation pecking preferences of 1-
      and 3-day old Vantress X Arbor Acre chicks on successive discrimination learning
      were determined, using heat reinforcement. Major findings were as follows: (a)
      The young chick has both circle and verticle orientation pecking preferences that
      are present during at least the first 3 days after hatching; (b) when either of
      these preferred cues is the nonreinforced cue, the young chick has difficulty in
      learning not to respond to it but learns quickly not to respond to an unpreferred
      cue (e.g., triangle and horizontal oriented dots or bar); and (c) these pecking
      preferences can be modified by heat reinforcement, and the effects of this
      conditioning is evidenct in subsequent extinction and retention tests. The main
      conclusion from these experiments is that form and orientation preferences, like
      brightness and color preferences, are important developmental constraints on
      conditioning of the young chick.

PMID- 1202094
TI  - Effects of early exposure to ventral gland odor on physical and behavioral
      development and adult social behavior in Mongolian gerbils.
AB  - Comparisons were made between male and female gerbils reared by ventral gland
      excised and intact patents. Repeated measurements before and after puberty failed
      to reveal an effect of gland odor exposure on body weight, ventral gland size,
      open-field defecation, and time of vaginal opening. Exposed animals were more
      attracted than nonexposed animals to a strange male's gland odor during
      preference tests involving "marked" and "unmarked" paper strips. Opposite-sex
      pairs of exposed animals engaged in more social behavior than did nonexposed
      pairs, but there was no difference in fighting frequency or, during extended
      cohabiitation, in fecundity. While early exposure to gland odor apparently does
      not affect physical maturation, it may enhance later responsiveness to stimuli
      (gland odors) that are useful in locating conspecifics and that facilitate social
      interactions between previously unacquainted gerbils.

PMID- 1202093
TI  - Latent inhibition and stimulus generalization of the classically conditioned
      nictitating membrane response in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) following dorsal
      hippocampal ablation.
AB  - Rabbits received  0 to 450 exposures of a tone conditioned stimulus (CS) prior to
      classical defensive conditioning of the nicitating membrane response based on an
      infraorbital eye shock unconditioned stimulus. Tone preexposure resulted in
      retarded conditioning in normal rabbits. This latent inhibition effect was not
      present in animals with bilateral dorsal hippocampectomy produced by aspiration.
      Control animals with bilateral neocortical and callosal aspiration lesions
      demonstrated a latent inhibition effect similar to that shown by normal
      nonoperated animals. The failure of CS preexposure to retard conditioning in
      hippocampal rabbits was not due to differences in threshold of the conditioned
      response to the CS or to differences in response mechanisms as determined by
      tests of habituation and dishabituation of the unconditioned response. A
      subsequent experiment employed combined-cue summation tests to confirm the fact
      that preexposure did not endow the tone with conditioned as well as latent
      inhibitiory properties. Finally, tests of stimulus generalization along the
      auditory frequency dimension indicated flatter relative gradients for
      hippocampals than for nonoperated controls, with cortical controls in between.
      These findings were discussed in terms of Douglas' model of hippocampal function.

PMID- 1202095
TI  - Effects of obesity and set point on taste responsiveness and ingestion in humans.
AB  - Two experiments investigated the relationships among degree of obesity, nearness
      to set point for adipose tissue mass, and responsiveness to taste. In Experiment
      1, subjects rated milkshakes varying in sweetness intensity. Overweight and
      normal weight subjects did not have significantly different detection thresholds
      or preference ratings. However, overweight subjects worked longer than normals to
      obtain their most preferred substance. Experiment 2 varied the ease of tasting
      the milkshake. Preference and food intake of moderately overweight subjects were
      significantly more influenced by tastes that they found positive and negative
      than was the preference of normal weight or obese subjects. The ease of ingesting
      the taste substance also significantly influenced preference and food intake of
      the moderately obese only. Nearness to set point, operationally defined as weight
      stability for 2 years, had no significant effects.

PMID- 1202096
TI  - Mathematical analysis of energy regulatory pattens of normal and diabetic rats.
AB  - Analysis of feeding patterns indicated that diabetic (alloxan) hyperphagia is
      characterized by doubling of meal sizes with no change in feeding frequency.
      Correlation of meal sizes and intermeal intervals did not provide any systematic
      relationships for either normal or diabetic rats. When equations of the general
      form Y = A + Bcos (X) were fit to successive satiety ratios (postmeal
      interval/meal size), the diabetic rats showed significantly lower A coefficients,
      reflecting a lower average level of satiety, as well as significantly lower B
      coefficients, reflecting less systematic variability in the satiating value of
      food around the average level. It is concluded that the major regulatory deficit
      in diabetic animals is a chronic reduction in the long-term signal of body
      nutrient repletion.

PMID- 1202097
TI  - Effects of d- versus l-amphetamine, food deprivation, and current intensity on
      self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus, substantia nigra, and medial
      frontal cortex of the rat.
AB  - Intracranial sefl-stimulation (ICSS) was studied in rats with chronically
      implanted lateral hypothalamic, substantia nigra, or medial frontal cortex
      bipolar electrodes. A comparison of the effects of d- and l-amphetamine on ICSS
      response rate indicated that the d isomer had a greater facilitatory effect than
      the l isomer at lateral hypothalamic and substantia nigra electrode sites but
      that neither isomer significantly affected medial frontal cortex ICSS. d
      Amphetamine resulted in a dose-related increase in motor activity, but the same
      doses of the l isomer resulted in decreased motor activity. Only lateral
      hypothalamic ICSS response rates increased significantly in response to food
      deprivation. Increases in current intensity above the level used for amphetamine
      and food-deprivation testing facilitated lateral hypothalamic and substantia
      nigra ICSS response rates but did not significantly affect medial frontal cortex
      response rates. The responsiveness of ICSS at each electrode site appeared to be
      correlated with the fiber- and cell-body densities of catecholaminergic systems
      in the brain.

PMID- 1202098
TI  - Phenylpropanolamine inhibits feeding, but not drinking, induced by hypothalamic
      stimulation.
AB  - In rats bearing lateral hypothalamic electrodes that elicited both feeding and
      drinking, intraperitoneal injection of the appetite suppressant drug
      phenylpropanolamine (Propadrine) inhibited only feeding. This occurred whether
      feeding and drinking were tested simultaneously or separately. Selective
      inhibition of lateral hypothalamic feeding also followed injection of this drug
      through lateral, but not medial, hypothalamic electrode cannulas. We conclude
      that hypothalamically induced feeding is under some of the same pharmacological
      controls as spontaneous feeding, that this control may be exerted, in part, in or
      near the lateral hypothalamus, and that the neural systems which induce feeding
      and drinking during hypothalamic stimulation can be pharmacologically separated.

PMID- 1202099
TI  - Cholinergic modulation of tonic immobility in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
AB  - The present study was performed to determine the effects of the anticholinergic
      agent scopolamine and the cholinergic agent physostigmine on tonic immobility in
      rabbits. Recordings of the electroencephalographic (EEG) activity from cortex and
      hippocampus were also made before, during, and after each test session.
      Scopolamine significantly prolonged the response and produced large amplitude
      slow wave activity in the EEG of both cortex and hippocampus. Physostigmine
      significantly shortened the duration of immobility and increased rhythmic slow
      activity in the frequency range of 5.5-9.1 Hz in the hippocampus while producing
      a desynchronized cortical rhythm. It is suggested that the cortex and hippocampus
      play a role in modulating tonic immobility duration by inhibiting the brain-stem
      structures thought to control this response.

PMID- 1202100
TI  - Telson reflex habituation in Limulus polyphemus.
AB  - Muscle correlates of reflex telson movement were recorded in intact Limulus
      (horseshoe crab) preparations with chronically implanted microelectrodes. Muscle
      activity habituated during repetitive tactile stimulation of the gills with puffs
      of air. Dishabituation was also observed, as were inverse relationships between
      the frequency and intensity of stimulation and the rate of response decrement.
      These findings closely paralleled those obtained during central recordings in
      acute dissected preparations, as did the demonstration under certain stimulation
      conditions of an initial incremental phase of responsivity. Although initial
      levels of responsivity recovered after 1 hr without stimulation, potentiation of
      habituation was observable after 2 hr. Both of these times greatly exceeded those
      previously observed in acute preparations. No generalization to a spatial
      displacement of the stimulus was obtained, although a visually elicited telson
      reflex had been shown to demonstrate a cross-optic generalization. Aspects of the
      comparative strategy and the adaptive value of telson reflex habituation in
      Limulus were briefly considered.

PMID- 1202101
TI  - Scotopic sensitivity in coyotes (Canis latrans).
AB  - The absolute scotopic limen for light intensity was measured for three 10-mo-old
      female coyotes. The methodology was similar to that used by Blough in determining
      psychophysical thresholds in pigeons. Three coyotes were operantly conditioned to
      depress one of two foot treadles, left or right, depending on the condition of
      the stimulus light. Scotopic adaptation curves for each coyote were generated.
      Nonlinear regression curves were then fitted to the raw data. The mean scotopic
      thresholds did not differ significantly. However, time to the curves' asymptotes
      did differ significantly for one of the coyotes. The adaptation curves showed a
      distinct rod-cone "break," and retinal histology confirmed that the coyote has a
      duplex retina with a preponderance of rods. In addition, electroretinographic
      analysis showed the relative contributions of rods and cones at various light
      intensities and indicated a rod-cone break at approximately 15 min. Scotopic
      spectral sensitivity curves were also generated. The coyotes' scotopic visual
      threshold is exceeded by the natural illumination available under many nocturnal
      conditions. The results are discussed in relation to the ecology of the species.

PMID- 1202102
TI  - The peripheral unconditioned stimulus pathway in a model learning system
      involving defensively conditioned heart rate change in the pigeon.
AB  - The peripheral pathway transmitting the unconditioned stimulus information is
      described in a vertebrate model system for studying learning-visually conditioned
      heart rate change in the pigeon. In this system footshock serves as the
      unconditioned stimulus, and it is shown that the effective stimulation field of
      this stimulus, defined with respect to the unconditioned cardioacceleratory
      response, includes cutaneous dermatomes 21-25 (L1-Sl). The stimulus information
      is then transmitted by Group III and IV fibers in portions of the femoral and
      sciatic nerves which enter the spinal cord over segments 21-25. Further, it is
      shown that interrupting this pathway by section of dorsal roots 21-25 precludes
      establishing conditioned heart rate change with footshock as the unconditioned
      stimulus.

PMID- 1202103
TI  - Effect of ventromedial hypothalamic procaine injections on feeding, lever
      pressing, and other behavior in rats.
AB  - Rats were given bilateral injections of 1-2 mul procaine HCl solution (50
      mug/mul) in the region of the ventromedial hypothalamus. Normal-sized meals
      occurred reliably with a latency of 16-120 sec, indicating that this region has
      the function of inhibiting onset of eating, not just the function of stopping a
      meal. Food-rewarded fixed-ratio-of-one (FR 1; continuous reinforcement) lever
      pressing was elicited by 2-mul but not by 1-mul procaine. The FR 64 pressing
      appeared to be disrupted during a period of increased activity following procaine
      injection, although visual observations indicated that the pressing which did
      occur was normal in topography and was significantly associated in temporal
      sequence with approaches of the food magazine.

PMID- 1202105
TI  - Do excoriations in psoriasis delay or prevent the effect of topical treatment?
AB  - Topical treatment of a number of out-patients with psoriasis vulgaris resulted in
      reduced induration and diminished thickness of the layer of scales but complete
      involution was not obtained. A sequential photographic study of the macroscopic
      appearance of the lesions over a 3-month period of treatment revealed that
      artificially produced excoriations and a horny layer without scales were
      prominent features. The view is put forward that the cutaneous reaction to the
      injury probably elicited by the excoriations, together with an unsatisfactory
      treatment, may give rise to tissue changes which counteract the effect of topical
      treatment.

PMID- 1202104
TI  - Peripheral control of drinking: gastrointestinal filling as a negative feedback
      signal, a theoretical and experimental analysis.
AB  - The studies described here investigated the hypothesis that the osmotic
      postingestional satiety signal proposed by McCleary operates through a mechanism
      related to gut filling rather than by osmotically induced shifts of fluid from
      osmoreceptors in the brain. A control theory model is presented, which was
      designed to make quantitatively explicit the hypothesis under question. The
      results showed that when mannitol, which is not absorbed from the intestine, is
      added to a highly palatable saccharin-glucose mixture, the amount of fluid
      consumed decreased in inverse proportion to the mannitol concentration. Mannitol
      was also shown to block fluid absorption from the intestine at a low
      concentration (approximately .070 M) and at higher concentrations to lead to a
      net flux of fluid into the intestinal lumen. It was also shown that mannitol in
      concentrations that reduced the intake of the palatable solution did not induce
      thirst when the animals were in water balance. It did induce thirst, however,
      when the animals were tested in a state of negative water balance. The results of
      these studies, considered as a whole, support the view that McCleary's osmotic
      postingestional satiety signal acts as an intestinal distention signal rather
      than by inducing thirst. The model is found to be reasonably accurate as a first
      approximation, and suggestions are made for improvements.

PMID- 1202107
TI  - Regeneration of subcutaneous connective tissue in children. A histological study
      with application of the CELLSTIC device.
AB  - Cellular patterns of healing subcutaneous connective tissue were studied
      histologically in 22 pediatric surgical patients using the CELLSTIC device. This
      wound drain, specially developed for this purpose, consists of a standardized,
      viscose cellulose sponge inside a thin silicone rubber tube. When left between
      the wound edges, wound exudate flows through the drain, allowing its cells to
      attach themselves to the sponge surface. The sponge serves as a framework within
      which the cells may migrate, divide and transform. During the first 12 h the
      cellular pattern in the sponge resembles that of peripheral blood, whereafter the
      number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, almost exclusively neutrophils, gradually
      increases. Later on, monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes invade. Fibroblasts
      were usually seen at the end of the third day postoperatively, but in some cases
      the first fibroblasts appeared even earlier. CELLSTIC neither disturbs normal
      wound healing nor increases the rate of wound infections. CELLSTIC, as a cell
      culture in situ, provides a practical way to study human connective tissue
      regeneration under both physiological and pathological conditions.

PMID- 1202106
TI  - Langerhans cells in actinic reticuloid.
AB  - Actinic reticuloid was observed in a patient following the development of
      porphyria cutanea tarda. A cutaneous lymphoma-like infiltrate was found
      histologically and at the ultrastructural level. In the infiltrate, the main
      population was histiocytic, with some mast cells and mononuclear cells. Most of
      the histiocytic cells contained numerous typical Langerhans granules and worm
      like structures. Crystalloid cytoplasmic inclusions were occasionally detected.

PMID- 1202108
TI  - Generalized eruptive porokeratosis of Mibelli with associated psoriasis.
AB  - A case of eruptive porokeratosis of Mibelli with diverse morphologic features,
      including circinate macular, circinate plaque and verrucous varieties is
      presented. No matter how variable the clinical presentation may be, the
      histologic hallmark of porokeratosis, the cornoid lamellae, is always present.
      The cornoid lamellae vary in height in relation to how prominent the thready
      ridge of the clinical lesion appears. Our patient also had psoriasis which
      initially masked the porokeratotic lesions both clinically and histologically.
      Awareness of the various clinical expressions of porokeratosis of Mibelli would
      1) make unnecessary the segregation of certain forms of porokeratosis into
      separate entities, and 2) help in the recognition of less classical forms of
      porokeratosis.

PMID- 1202109
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in children and adults.
AB  - Peak concentrations and half-life of gentamicin in serum were measured after 140
      intravenous and 13 intramuscular doses in 52 children and 17 adults with normal
      levels of creatinine in serum. Marked interpatient variation in peak
      concentrations and half-life of gentamicin was observed, but individual patients
      tended to have similar values on repeated determinations. Age markedly affected
      the peak concentrations: a 1-mg/kg dose produced mean peak concentrations of
      1.58, 2.03, and 2.81 mug/ml in the one-half to five, five to 10, and greater than
      10 year age groups, respectively. This age-related change in dose response was
      diminished when the dose was calculated on the basis of body surface area.
      Patients in whom gentamicin had a short half-life, patients with fever, and
      adults with a high extracellular fluid volume had low peak concentrations. The
      mean half-life after intravenous administration was 75 min (range, 26-230 min).
      The mean half-life was 29 min longer after intramuscular dosage (p less than
      0.01). A low rate of creatinine clearance was associated with a long half-life;
      fever and anemia were associated with a short half-life. The dosage of gentamicin
      necessary to produce mean peak serum concentrations between 4 mug/ml and 6 mug/ml
      was 60 mg/m2 per dose for all age groups or 2.5 mg/kg per dose for ages one-half
      to five years, 2.0 mg/kg per dose for ages five to 10 years, and 1.5 mg/kg per
      dose for ages greater than 10 years.

PMID- 1202110
TI  - New live attenuated influenza A/England/42/72 (H3N2) vaccine (Alice):
      reactogenicity,, immunogenicity, and protection efficacy.
AB  - The Alice strain of influenza A/England/42/72 (H3N2) live attenuated vaccine,
      when given by the intranasal route to 133 volunteers, was relatively
      nonreactogenic; only 12% of the vaccinees had upper respiratory tract symptoms
      after immunization. Seroconversion in 87.2% of subjects whose titers of humoral
      hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody before immunization were less than 1:8
      demonstrated the immunogenicity of the vaccine. The overall seroconversion rate
      was 66.1% (geometric mean titer of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody, 1:40.9).
      Antibody levels were unchanged at six months in 95.5% and at 12 months in 91.7%
      of the vaccinees. Because of the lack of natural influenza A infection during the
      season monitored, an experimental challenge study with homotypic virus (influenza
      A/Udorn/307/72 [H3N2]) was conducted eight months after immunization of a sample
      population of 22 subjects. Twelve of these subjects were vaccinees whose titers
      of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody were greater than or equal to 1:64, and
      10 were unimmunized controls whose titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody
      were less than or equal to 1:8. The group with titers of greater than or equal to
      1:64 represented 40.2% of the immunized population. The vaccine was highly
      effective in this selected group, with a 91% protection efficacy against illness
      and a 100% rate of protection against illness associated with influenza A
      infection.

PMID- 1202111
TI  - Selective clearance of a benign clone of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
      from hamster plasma by hepatic reticuloendothelial cells.
AB  - A benign small-plaque clone of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus was
      efficiently removed from the blood of inoculated hamsters by adsorption to cells
      of the hepatic reticuloendothelial system. More than 99% of infectious small
      plaque virus, intrinsically labeled with 32P, was cleared from the blood within
      30 min of inoculation; 47.6% of the 32P-labeled small-plaque virus inoculum was
      concentrated in the liver. In contrast, only 0.8% of a virulent large-plaque
      clone of the virus was cleared from the blood. The affinity of small-plaque virus
      for liver tissue was confirmed by electron microscopy, since inoculated small
      plaque virions were readily visualized in phagocytic vacuoles of hepatic
      endothelial and Kupffer cells, where they appeared to be undergoing degradation.
      In contrast, large-plaque virus was not visualized in the liver. A critical
      determinant of virulence for viruses that do not replicate in hepatic
      reticuloendothelial cells may be the efficiency with which they are removed from
      the blood by adsorption to such cells.

PMID- 1202112
TI  - Effect of quinidine together with antibiotics on contractility of cat papillary
      muscle.
AB  - The extent of depression of myocardial contractility produced by the combination
      of quinidine and gentamicin, tetracycline, or amphotericin B was found, in an in
      vitro model, to be no greater than that due to the more active drug alone.

PMID- 1202113
TI  - Can whooping cough be eradicated?

PMID- 1202114
TI  - Prebycusis: physiological or pathological.
AB  - A study was made on human temporal bones to elucidate the effects of aging on the
      auditory system. Ninety-six ears from 68 individuals, varying in age from infancy
      to 84 years, served as 'normal ears'. None of these cases had clinical or
      pathological evidence of specific ear diseases. 'Pathological ears' consisted of
      89 ears from 58 individuals which exhibited slowly progressive hearing loss, and
      which had no specific known cause for the loss. Two aging phenomena were found to
      affect the human ear. The first is physiological, and has been called 'auditory
      senility'. It involves all the different parts of the auditory mechanism equally,
      and is responsible for the rise in auditory thresholds for the high frequencies,
      commonly seen in elderly people. The second phenomenon is pathological, and was
      termed 'auditory decay'. It involves only the perceptive system of the ear, and
      results in different types of clinical presentations, according to the
      morphological layer involved. Therefore, the recognition of two aging phenomena
      which affect the human ear may explain the reason for the wide variations in
      auditory acuity associated with old age.

PMID- 1202115
TI  - Triamcinolone acetonide injection for laryngeal stenosis.
AB  - Three cases with acquired laryngeal stenosis have been presented. They were
      treated by percutaneous intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide using
      mirror laryngoscopy. The laryngeal airway and the phonation have been
      satisfactory for a period of two to six years of close follow-up.

PMID- 1202116
TI  - Tympanoplasty on only hearing ears.
AB  - The methods, results, and indications for operation on only hearing ears are
      discussed on the basis of 13 patients operated upon for chronic otitis media and
      its sequelae. Although good results were obtained, with an air-bone gas closure
      within 15 dB. in 77 per cent, this should not serve as propaganda for the general
      use of surgery on only hearing ears. On the other hand, they show that surgery on
      only hearing ears should not be rejected a priori and that on certain indications
      and under c ertain circumstanc es it may be carried out with minimal risk of
      aggravating the hearing loss. In most of the patients the indication for surgery
      was a progressing cholesteatoma, in some cases the sequelae of otitis, either in
      the form of myringoplasty or type II tympanoplasty, and one patient had the
      operation on a vital indication. To avoid postoperative exacerbation of the
      hearing, the patients must be strictly selected, the ears have to be pretreated
      conservatively, the Eustachian tube must be passable, the operation must be
      carried out by the most experienced otosurgeon, and thoroughly tested, very
      gentle operative methods must be used.

PMID- 1202117
TI  - A case of salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear.
AB  - The authors present a case of tympanic cavity salivary gland adenochoristoma in
      association with an abnormal course of the facial nerve, absence of the oval and
      round windows, absence of the stapes, hypoplasia of the long process of the
      incus, and the existence of a subtympanic bony lamina.

PMID- 1202118
TI  - Standard forms for results of audiometry.

PMID- 1202119
TI  - Sudden deafness following chromic acid application to a perforation of the
      tympanic membrane.
AB  - It is current practice in the treatment of many ear diseases to instil locally
      into the ear potentially ototoxic agents. It is now becoming increasingly clear
      that some of these agents may pass from the middle to the inner ear despite the
      presence of intact labyrinthine windows and hence produce deafness. This paper
      reports a case of severe sensorineural deafness which developed following the
      application of chromic acid to a perforation of the tympanic membrane--a hitherto
      unrecognized complication. Therefore, the risks outlined above should be
      carefully considered prior to local therapy with any such agents and they should
      be applied with extreme caution.

PMID- 1202120
TI  - The use of post-auricular muscle responses.

PMID- 1202121
TI  - Stimulus change as a factor in response maintenance with free food available.
AB  - Rats bar pressed for food on a reinforcement schedule in which every response was
      reinforced, even though a dish of pellets was present. Initially, auditory and
      visual stimuli accompanied response-produced food presentation. With stimulus
      feedback as an added consequence of bar pressing, responding was maintained in
      the presence of free food; without stimulus feedback, responding decreased to a
      low level. Auditory feedback maintained slightly more responding than did visual
      feedback, and both together maintained more responding than did either
      separately. Almost no responding occurred when the only consequence of bar
      pressing was stimulus feedback. The data indicated conditioned and sensory
      reinforcement effects of response-produced stimulus feedback.

PMID- 1202122
TI  - Evidence for the innate basis of the hue dimension in the duckling.
AB  - Different groups of ducklings reared under sodium monochromatic light (589
      nanometers) and under white light were trained to discriminate between the
      stimulus correlated with reinforcement (589 nanometers), and the stimulus
      correlated with extinction, whole value was either 570 or 610 nanometers. The
      peaks of subsequently obtained gradients of wavelength generalization of both
      groups were displaced away from the stimulus correlated with extinction. The
      peaks of the groups trained not to respond to 570 nanometers were located at 600
      nanometers. The peaks of the groups trained not to respond to 610 nanometers were
      located at 580 nanometers. These results (in agreement with earlier data of
      Rudolph and Honig, 1972) suggest that ducklings have an innate basis for ordering
      stimuli of different wavelengths along the hue dimension.

PMID- 1202123
TI  - Active transport of potassium by the Cecropia midgut; tracer kinetic theory and
      transport pool size.
AB  - 1. Tracer influx kinetics have been analysed theoretically to determine the size
      of the transport pool with no assumptions regarding the transport pathway. 2. For
      a calculation of the size of the transport pool to be made, the following six
      conditions are required by the theory: tracer steady state attained, tissue
      steady state attained, Isc measures next flux, small magnitude and constant time
      course of efflux, and correction for decay in pumping rate. 3. The size of the
      pool, SI, is given by the steady state influx, Finfinity, divided by the mixing
      time constant, alpha. 4. Some experimental results are analysed by three
      different graphical methods, and it is shown that these three methods are
      equivalent. Specifically, alpha is equal to the reciprocal of the 75% mixing
      time, t75, divided by 1n 4 and is equal to the reciprocal of the lag time, X. 5.
      The tracer kinetic theory is applied to active potassium transport across the
      isolated short-circuited midgut: the transport meets the six conditions required
      by the theory. 6. The size of the transport pool of potassium in one midgut is
      calculated to be 80.5 muequiv./g wet weight under high-K steady-state conditions.
      A value as high as this suggests that the pool is intracellular.

PMID- 1202124
TI  - Active transport of magnesium across the isolated midgut of Hyalophora cecropia.
AB  - 1. The 28Mg-measured net flux of magnesium from lumen-side to haemolymph-side of
      the isolated and short-circuited midgut was 1.97 +/- 0.28 mu-equiv cm(-2) /(-1)
      in 8 mM-Mg2+. 2. The magnesium-influx shows a delay before the tracer steady
      state is attained, indicating the existence of a magnesium-transport pool
      equivalent to 6.7 mu-equiv/g wet weight of midgut tissue. 3. Magnesium depresses
      the short-circuit current produced the midgut but not the potassium transport,
      the depression being equal to the rate of magnesium transport. 4. Magnesium
      transport yields a linear Lineweaver-Burk plot with an apparent Km of 34 mM-Mg2+
      and an apparent Vmax of 14.9 mu-equiv cm(-1) /(-1). 5. Magnesium is actively
      transported across the midgut and contributes to the regulation of the haemolymph
      magnesium concentration in vivo.

PMID- 1202125
TI  - Cation distributions across the larval and pupal midgut of the lepidopteran,
      Hyalophora cecropia, in vivo.
AB  - 1. The levels of potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium in leaves, midgut
      contents, midgut tissue, and blood were analysed in seven developmental stages
      between feeding, fourth-instar larvae and new pupae of the Cecropia silkworm. 2.
      Three dramatic changes in cation levels were found: the K level in the contents
      drops from 284 /+- 51 mEquiv./1 tissue water in the fifth-instar larva to 51 +/-
      6 mEquiv./1 in the new pupa; the Mg level in the midgut tissue increases from 28
      +/- 3 mEquiv./1 at the time of gut evacuation to 1093 +/- 104 mEquiv./1 in the
      new pupa; and the Ca level in the contents drops temporarily from 56 +/- 12
      mEquiv./1 in the feeding fourth instar larva to 17 +/- 5 mEquiv./1 in the new
      fifth instar larva. The Na level was nerve higher than 2.8 +/- 0.5 mEquiv./1. 3.
      The relative levels of the four cations were different for each tissue studied,
      but each tissue maintained the same relative levels during the developmental
      stages studied. The sequences are: leaf, Ca greater than K GREATEr than Mg
      greater than Na; midgut contents, K greater than Ca greater than Mg greater than
      Na; midgut tissue, K GREATEr than Mg greater than Ca greater than Na; and blood,
      Mg greater than K greater than Ca greater than Na. 4. There were three large
      concentration gradients across the midgut; the K level in the midgut contents is
      approximately 10 times the level in blood; the Mg level in contents is one-half
      to one-sixth the level in blood; and the Ca level in contents is 3-4 times the
      level in blood. The K gradient and the Ca gradient are opposed and the Mg
      gradient is favoured by the electrical gradient across the larval midgut, the
      contents being 100 mV positive with respect to the blood. The K gradient and the
      electrical gradient are not present across the pupal midgut while the Mg gradient
      and the Ca gradient persist. 5. The K gradient is presumably maintained by the
      midgut K pump, the Mg gradient is aided by the midgut Mg pump, and the Ca
      gradient suggests that the midgut may possess a Ca pump.

PMID- 1202126
TI  - The secretion of hyperosmotic fluid by the rectum of a saline-water mosquito
      larva, Aedes taeniorhynchus.
AB  - 1. Fourth-instar larvae of the mosquito A. taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann), when
      living in sea water, drink at a rate of 100 nl h(-1) larva(-1) and maintain ionic
      and osmotic levels in the haemolymph at about one-third those of the external
      medium. 2. Hyperosmotic urine is produced in the rectum by secretion of fluid
      having an osmotic concentration and ionic composition similar to that of sea
      water, with the exception that potassium levels are elevated 18-fold in the
      secretion. The average rate of fluid secretion observed was 19 nl h-1) larva(-1)
      with a maximum of 92 nl h(-1) larva(-1). 3. The concentration and volume of
      rectal secretion may be too low to account completely for osmotic balance. The
      possible role of anal papillae is discussed in this regard.

PMID- 1202127
TI  - The effects of calcium on water balance of the brown trout Salmo trutta.
AB  - Water space, tritiated water flux, drinking and urine flow rates of the brown
      trout were decreased by increasing the environmental calcium concentration.
      Diffusional and osmotic permeabilities were identical in fresh water. This
      suggests that water flow across the gill occurs entirely by diffusion. Previous
      suggestions of a discrepancy between the two permeabilities in freshwater
      teleosts could have been due to an overestimation of urine flow rate upon which
      the determination of osmotic permeability coefficient is based. The wide-ranging
      effects of calcium on hydro-mineral regulation suggests that the ion interacts
      with the gills.

PMID- 1202128
TI  - The effect of hypophysectomy and prolactin therapy on water balance of the brown
      trout Salmo trutta.
AB  - A technique for the hypophysectomy of the brown trout is described which might be
      applicable to other salmonids. Hypophysectomy produced a decrease in water
      turnover which was corrected by prolactin therapy. Hypophysectomy resulted in a
      decrease in the next flux of osmotic water. Both osmotic and diffusional water
      permeabilities were evenly decreased after hypophysectomy, such that the ratio of
      the osmotic and diffusional permeability coefficients (Pos/Pd) retained a value
      of approximately unity. The data suggest that calcium and prolactin have opposing
      actions on water balance and that their modes of action are likely to separate.

PMID- 1202129
TI  - A quantitative analysis of ventilation tachycardia and its control in two
      chelonians, Pseudemys scripta and Testudo graeca.
AB  - 1. In both the turtle, Pseudemys scripta, and the tortoise, Testudo graeca, lung
      ventilation is closely accompanied by a tachycardia of predictable magnitude and
      duration. 2. Efferent vagal activity progressively decreases as heart rate
      increases with the onset of lung ventilation. Atropine decreases heart rate
      during apnoea to those levels observed during prolonged breathing series when the
      development, duration or magnitude of ventilation tachycardia. It is thus
      concluded that heart rate change during chelonian lung ventilation is mediated
      solely by alterations in vagal tone. 3. Peripheral sensory reflexes involving
      pulmonary stretch receptors, arterial chemoreceptors and baroreceptors, and
      receptors stimulated by water immersion do not affect heart rate during
      breathing. It is suggested that ventilation tachycardia in these chelonians is
      the result of the spread of activity between the respiratory and cardiac centres
      of the medulla.

PMID- 1202130
TI  - Diuresis in the tsetse fly Glossina austeni.
AB  - After taking a blood meal, the tsetse fly Glossina austeni excretes the excess
      water and salts of the meal in approximately 30 min. During this period a volume
      of fluid equivalent to 80% of the unfed weight of the fly passes through the
      haemolymph, whose composition nevertheless remains almost constant. The fluid
      excreted has a higher sodium and lower potassium concentration than the
      haemolymph, indicating that sodium may be the prime mover in urine formation in
      Glossina.

PMID- 1202131
TI  - The control of diuresis in the tsetse fly Glossina austeni: a preliminary
      investigation of the diuretic hormone.
AB  - The rate of secretion of the Malpighian tubules of Glossina austeni is controlled
      by a diuretic hormone. This hormone is present in the nervous tissue of the fly
      together with a degradative enzyme that can be activated by boiling. It is
      demonstrated that the Malpighian tubules are able to destroy the diuretic
      hormone; they may therefore participate in the control of diuresis. The diuretic
      hormone appears to be a heat-stable, non-dialysable, alcohol-soluble molecule,
      containing amino acid, glucose and sialic acid residues.

PMID- 1202132
TI  - Localization and electrical activity of the distance chemoreceptors that mediate
      predator avoidance behaviour in Acmaea limatula and Acmaea scutum (gastropoda,
      prosobranchia).
AB  - 1. The marine gastropods Acmaea (Collisella) limatula and Acmaea (Notoacmea)
      scutum respond to distant predatory starfish (i.e. to starfish scent) by moving
      up a vertical surface. 2. The distance chemoreceptors that mediate this avoidance
      behaviour are located on the mantle margin. Heat cauterization of the limpets'
      mantle margin eliminates their responsiveness to Pisaster ochraceus scent, while
      a similar cauterization of the ctenidium and the osphradia does not diminish the
      avoidance behaviour. 3. Primary afferent electrical activity can be recorded from
      the chemoreceptors on the mantle margin that are responsive to starfish scent and
      also from other physiologically distinct receptors that are responsive to contact
      with starfish tube feet.

PMID- 1202133
TI  - The permeability to ions of the neural lamella and the extracellular spaces in
      the C.N.S. of Anodonta cygnea.
AB  - Rapid axonal depolarization follows the elevation of [K+]o in the Ringer bathing
      the surfaces of the connectives of both intact and desheathed cerebrovisceral
      connectives of Anodonta cygnea. Potassium movements between the blood or medium
      bathing the surface of the connectives and the axonal membranes can be accounted
      for in terms of a first-order diffusion process. No visible structural barriers
      to prevent free movements of materials through the neural lamella and the
      extracellular spaces can be detected in electron micrographs of the cerebro
      visceral connectives. In desheathed preparations fast action potentials are
      conducted in sodium-free (dextran) Ringer. Mechanisms of axona  .l function and
      ionic regulation in this and other invertebrate central nervous tissues are
      discussed in the light of these observations.

PMID- 1202134
TI  - Extrinsic modulation of crayfish escape behaviour.
AB  - Extrinsic systems were shown to control the excitability of the neurones which
      mediate tail-flip escape in the crayfish. Restraint suppresses the escape
      mediated by giant fibres and some, but not all, categories of non-giant mediated
      escape; autotomy of claws increases the excitability of non-giant mediated escape
      without affecting the lateral giant reflex. The effects of restraint on the
      lateral giant reflex result from inhibition rather than reduced facilitation. The
      inhibition descends from thoracic and higher levels, and the lateral giant escape
      command neurone appears to be its primary target. Inhibition may serve to shift
      the control of escape behaviour from short latency 'reflex' systems to more
      flexible 'voluntary' ones which can produce responses at times most opportune for
      successful escape.

PMID- 1202135
TI  - Regeneration of peripheral nerves to supernumerary legs in cockroaches.
AB  - 1. Clusters of legs were grown from metathoracic coxae of the cockroach. Legs of
      a cluster had different segmental origins, sizes, and orientations. 2.
      Regenerating metathoracic nerves tended to enter the nearest leg, and to a lesser
      extent of the largest leg, but showed no significant tendency to penetrate
      metathoracic rather than prothoracic legs, or normally oriented rather than
      abnormally oriented legs. 3. Movements of legs were evoked by nerve stimulation
      significantly more often in nearest, largest, and normally oriented legs, but
      were equally frequent in prothoracic and metathoracic legs. 4. Close proximity of
      peripheral nerves is not required for the differentiation of the legs, since
      nerves were visible in the legs only at the later stages of their development,
      and many of the legs were apparently nerve innervated.

PMID- 1202136
TI  - Motor innervation within supernumerary legs of cockroaches.
AB  - 1. Clusters of legs having prothoracic and metathoracic origins were grown from
      the metathoracic coxa of the cockroach. 2. Or occasionally two, of the three
      major nerves innervating the cockroach leg. 3. Stimulation of a particular leg
      nerve (no. 3, 5 or 6) evoked movement at the same joints and in the same
      directions in a leg having only one nerve as in a normal leg. 4. Stimulation of a
      particular metathoracic nerve generally produced the same movements in a
      prothoracic leg transplanted to the metathoracic site as it did in a regenerated
      or intact metathoracic leg.

PMID- 1202137
TI  - Physical and adrenergic factors affecting systemic vascular resistance in the
      rainbow trout: a comparison with branchial vascular resistance.
AB  - The passive distensibility and adrenergic reactivity of the systemic vascular
      resistance (Rs) in Salmogairdneri have been studied using perfused trunk
      preparations, and the data compared with previous results on the branchial
      resistance (Rg). At normal levels of efferent blood pressure, Rs is relatively
      more distensible than Rg in response to afferent pressure increases, but this
      difference may not be important in vivo. alpha-adrenegic constrictory receptors
      predominate in Rs, in contrast to beta-adrenergic dilatory receptors in Rg; a
      significant alpha-adrenergic tone in Rs is lost during perfusion. Rs is far less
      sensitive than Rg to circulatory catecholamine levels. It is suggested that the
      sympathetic nervous system, rather than plasma catecholamines, provides the
      effective adrenergic control of Rs in vivo.

PMID- 1202138
TI  - The ontogeny of auditory frequency generalization in the chicken.
AB  - To determine if there is an ontogenetic change in stimulus coding, chickens
      between the day of hatching and 9-10 days old were tested using a habituation
      generalization paradigm. Experiment 1 indicated that 1 day-old and 3--4-day-old
      chicks show similar habituation of an eye-opening response to auditory stimuli in
      the 800--1,200-Hz range. In Experiment 2 the eye-opening response to a 1,000-Hz
      stimulus was habituated and then immediately tested using stimuli which varied
      between 800 and 1,200 Hz. Each age-group (1 day, 3--4 days, and 9--10 days)
      showed a symmetrical stimulus generalization gradient around the 1,000-Hz
      stimulus and the 1-day-old chicks displayed a reliably flatter gradient than
      either of the older groups, which did not differ. In a third experiment, the
      position of the gradients relative to the baseline was shifted without altering
      the relative shapes. These results allow general arousal, general auditory
      responsiveness, overall error rate, and metric characteristics of the independent
      and dependent variables to be eliminated as possible sources of the age
      differences in gradient shape. The changes in stimulus generalization, therefore,
      support the view that during normal development there is a sharpening of
      perceptual coding processes.

PMID- 1202139
TI  - Effects of desalivation on schedule-induced polydipsia in the rat.
AB  - The development and magnitude of schedule-induced polydipisa (SIP) were examined
      in desalivate and control rats in two experiments. In Experiment 1 animals were
      placed on a noncontingent fixed time (FT) 60-sec schedule for 24 days. Results
      indicate speeded development but asymptotically lower levels of SIP in desalivate
      rats compared to controls. Home cage consumption, however, was elevated in
      desalivate rats. In Experiment 2 schedule length, pellet size, and the percentage
      of body weight were manipulated. Desalivate rats consumed less fluid during each
      schedule condition relative to controls, but the pattern of results across
      schedules was similar to controls. It was concluded that (a) desalivation
      attenuates SIP; (b) SIP is a learned phenomenon; (c) dry mouth theories of SIP
      appear inadequate; and (d) the developmental aspect of the SIP phenomenon
      deserves additional research attention.

PMID- 1202140
TI  - Blocking of conditioned suppression: role of the first compound trial.
AB  - Four experiments, all employing the conditioned suppression of licking in thirsty
      rats, examined the extent to which reinforcement of one component, A, of a
      compound conditioned stimulus, AB, would "block" conditioning to the other
      element, B, on the first compound trial. Suppression to B was unaffected by prior
      reinforcement of A; that is, no evidence of blocking was obtained. If additional
      reinforced trials were given to the AB compound, further conditioning to B was
      blocked by prior reinforcement of A. Thus blocking appeared to take at least one
      trial to develop. These results suggest that blocking is not due to any
      competition between stimuli for association with reinforcement, but is a
      consequence of the animals' ignoring the added element once they have learned
      that it is redundant.

PMID- 1202141
TI  - The effect of two ways of devaluing the unconditioned stimulus after first- and
      second-order appetitive conditioning.
AB  - Rats received first- and second-order conditioning based upon a food
      unconditioned stimulus (UCS). They then received one of two manipulations
      designed to reduce the value of that food, satiation, or pairing of food with
      high-speed rotation. The effects of these manipulations were assessed during
      extinction tests of the conditioned stimuli (CSs). Compared with controls, both
      manipulations reduced the activity produced by the first-order CS but did not
      affect that produced by a second-order CS. The results are interpreted as
      consistent with those from aversive UCSs in implying the involvement of a UCS
      representation in first- but not in second-order conditioning. They also suggest
      that a major effect of satiation is to reduce the value of the UCS.

PMID- 1202142
TI  - Stimulus familiarity modifies perceived duration in prerecognition visual
      processing.
AB  - Three experiments further explored the Avant, Lyman, and Antes finding that,
      during prerecognition processing, differences in subjects' familiarity with
      letters, words, and nonwords generate differences in the apparent duration of
      tachistoscopic flashes. The results replicate and extend the earlier findings,
      showing apparent duration differences with a variety of verbal stimuli over a
      range of tachistoscopic exposure intervals. The results also suggest that
      exposures of stimuli on early trials of an experiment reduce differences in
      preexperimental stimulus familiarity such that unfamiliar stimuli come to be
      processed more nearly like familiar stimuli. Familiarity acquired on early trials
      appears to accumulate at prerecognition levels of processing and to reduce
      apparent duration differences among stimuli on later trials.

PMID- 1202143
TI  - Visual transformation of size.
AB  - To investigate human visual identification of different-sized objects as
      identically shaped, matching reaction times were measured for pairs of
      simultaneously presented random figures. In three experiments, reaction time for
      correct reactions to test pairs of figures of the same shape and orientation
      consistently increased approximately linearly as a function of the linear size
      ratio of the figures. In the second experiment, where this ratio was defined for
      control pairs as well as for test pairs, reaction time for correct reactions to
      control pairs showed a similar increase as a function of size ratio. The results
      suggest that the task was performed by a gradual process of mental size
      transformation of one of the members of each pair of figures to the format of the
      other one.

PMID- 1202144
TI  - Detection of symmetry as a function of angular orientation.
AB  - Subjects decided as quickly as possible whether dot patterns were or were not
      symmetrical about a line. Their decision times were shorter when the line was
      verticle and increased as the angle between the line and the verticle increased.
      This orientation function was essentially the same whether or not the subjects
      knew in advance what the orientation of the line would be. When the subjects
      tilted their heads, the function shifted in the direction of the head tilt,
      indicating that it was tied more closely to retinal than to gravitational
      coordinates. These data can be interpreted to mean that people mentally rotate
      patterns to a vertical orientation before judging their symmetry. This in turn
      suggests that the "template" for detecting symmetry may itself be embedded
      symmetrically in the brain.

PMID- 1202145
TI  - Information processing analysis of the Chevreul pendulum illusion.
AB  - An information processing investigation was performed to quantify the Chevreul
      pendulum effect: the tendency of a small pendulum, when suspended from the hand
      and imaginatively concentrated on, to oscillate seemingly of its own accord.
      Using a time exposure photographic measurement technique, electronically
      automated visual and auditory imaginal prompts were presented to the subject
      during imaginal processing tasks. It was found that the pendulum effect was
      enhanced when vision of actual pendulum oscillations was permitted and visual or
      auditory spatially oscillating stimuli were present. Visual spatially oscillating
      stimuli were superior to their auditory counterparts. Results were discussed in
      terms of ideomotor and visual capture interpretations of signal and imaginal
      processing.

PMID- 1202146
TI  - Allocation of attention and the locus of adaptation to displaced vision.
AB  - Experimental subjects were exposed to prism-induced visual displacement of a
      target whose location was correctly given by proprioceptive-kinesthetic
      information. Control subjects were exposed alternately to visual displacement or
      proprioceptive-kinesthetic location information. During the adaptation period,
      experimental subjects in the visual attention condition performed a localization
      task that directed them to attend selectively to the visual modality;
      experimental subjects in the proprioceptive attention condition attended
      selectively to the proprioceptive modaltiy; control subjects performed the task
      on the basis of the available modality. Measures of adaptation and aftereffect
      were secured separately in each of the two modalities. These confirmed the
      predictions that the shifts in the experimental conditions would be confirmed to
      localization tests dependent on the unattended modality and that control subjects
      would not exhibit adaptation. We proposed that allocation of attention determines
      situational dominance and that dominance determines the locus of adaptation. The
      findings were compared to those reported by Canon (1970) and were applied to a
      reassessment of the "visual capture" phenomenon.

PMID- 1202147
TI  - Differential hemispheric mediation of nonverbal visual stimuli.
AB  - Studies employing schematic faces of three features explored the role of the left
      hemisphere as an analytic processor in difficult discriminations and the role of
      the right hemisphere in easy gestalt matches. In a discrimination task, the
      successively presented members of a stimulus pair differed in all three features.
      When both stimuli went to the same visual field there was a Visual Field X
      Judgments interaction; judgments same were processed faster in the left visual
      field. When a test stimulus differing on all three features from a previously
      memorized target face was matched to the latter, both judgments same and
      different were made faster for stimuli in the left visual field. However, when
      the test stimulus and the memory items differed on only one feature the right
      field proved superior for both judgments same and different.

PMID- 1202148
TI  - Spatial position versus ear of entry as determinant of the auditory laterality
      effects: a stereophonic test.
AB  - The study concerned discriminating between ear of entry and apparent spatial
      position as possible determinants of lateral asymmetries in the recall of
      simultaneous speech messages. Apparent localization to the left or right of the
      median plane was created either through a time difference (.7 msec), through
      intensity differences between presentations of the same verbal message at the two
      ears, or through dichotic presentations. Right-side advantage was observed with
      the three types of presentation (Experiments 1, 2, and 3). The finding of right
      side advantage with stereophony based on a time difference only, in the absence
      of intensity difference, cannot be accounted for in terms of an ear advantage and
      shows that apparent spatial separation of the sources can by itself produce a
      laterality effect. Differences in the degree of lateral asymmetry between the
      various conditions were also observed. The findings of Experiments 4 and 5
      suggest that these differences are better explained in terms of different
      impressions of localization of the sound sources than in terms of relative
      intensity at the "privileged" ear.

PMID- 1202149
TI  - Auditory segregation: stream or streams?
AB  - When auditory material segregates into "streams," is the unattended stream
      actually organized as an entity? An affirmative answer is suggested by the
      observation that the organizational structure of the unattended material
      interacts with the structure of material to which the subject is trying to
      attend. Specificially, a to-be-rejected stream can, because of its structure,
      capture from a to-be-judged stream elements that would otherwiise be acceptable
      members of the to-be-judged stream.

PMID- 1202150
TI  - Decision-related cortical potentials during an auditory signal detection task
      with cued observation intervals.
AB  - Cortical-evoked potentials were recorded from human subjects performing an
      auditory detection task with confidence rating responses. Unlike earlier studies
      that used similar procedures, the observation interval during which the auditory
      signal could occur was clearly marked by a visual cue light. By precisely
      defining the observation interval and, hence, syncrhonizing all perceptual
      decisions to the evoked potential averaging epoch, it was possible to demonstrate
      that high-confidence false alarms for accompanied by late-positive P3 components
      equivalent to those for equally confident hits. Moreover the hit and false alarm
      evoked potentials were found to covary similarily with variations in confidence
      rating and to have similar amplitude distributions over the scalp. In a second
      experiment wherein the signal intensity was increased to make signal presence and
      signal absence clearly discriminable and the a priori probability of signal
      presentation was varied from .5 to .9, it was demonstrated that correct
      rejections can be associated with a P3 component larger than that for hits. Thus
      it was possible to show, within the signal detection paradigm, how the two major
      factors of decision confidence and expectancy are reflected in the P3 component
      of the cortical-evoked potential.

PMID- 1202151
TI  - Development of locomotor behavior in wild type and spastic (sp/sp) axolotls,
      Ambystoma mexicanum.
AB  - The homozygous recessive spastic mutant found in the Mexican axolotl shows
      violent coiling and thrashing behavior when subjected to strong tactile or
      electrical stimulation. In order to establish the time of onset of the first
      behavioral manifestation of the spastic gene, an etiological analysis of the
      ontogeny of swimming behavior in mutants and wild type siblings was undertaken.
      The locomotor patterns shown by embryos in response to an electrical stimulus
      were analyzed quantitatively from the embryonic early flexure stage through the
      larval early feeding stage. Spastic larvae failed to show dorsal-up swimming
      frequencies equal to those of sibling controls from day 12 (Harrison stage 40) of
      development indicating a lack of equilibrium. Both spastics and their siblings
      showed "sinusoid swimming" and "coiling" behavior in response to an aversive
      stimulus through day 18 (Harrison state 46, early feeding stage) of development.
      From day 18, wild type siblings abruptly decreased "coiling" behavior and showed
      strong "escape swimming" in response to an intense stimulus. Spastics never
      developed "escape swimming" patterns but retained a mixture of "sinusoid
      swimming" and "coiling" patterns characteristic of pre-feeding stage larvae.

PMID- 1202152
TI  - Dietary tocopherol and sexual reproduction in the rotifers Brachionus
      calyciflorus and Asplanchna sieboldi.
AB  - Brachionus calyciflorus contained no detectable tocopherol (vitamin E) when
      cultured for long periods on the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis. Using a
      spectrofluorometric assay and the Asplanchna body-wall-outgrowth response
      bioassay the limits of detection were 6.4 ng and 3.78 pg alpha-tocopherol per g
      dry weight Brachionus, respectively. These tocopherol-free Brachionus reproduced
      normally both parthenogenetically and sexually, producing active and potent males
      and fertilized resting eggs which developed  into viable young rotifers. The
      apparent lack of a tocopherol requirement for male fertility in B. calyciflorus
      probably also applies to Asplanchna sieboldi and A. brightwell -- rotifers whose
      male-producing (mictic) females are induced by dietary tocopherol and whose males
      therefore are never tocopherol-deficient. The adaptive significance of the
      tocopherol requirement for the initiation of sexual reproduction in Asplanchna
      sieboldi--formerly hypothesized to be the result of a tocopherol requirement for
      male fertility--is now thought to be related to the role of tocopherol in
      controlling female polymorphism in this species.

PMID- 1202153
TI  - The ubiquitous occurrence of chondroitin sulfates in chick embryos.
AB  - The synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans has been studied in a wide variety
      of embryonic chick tissues. All tissues studied have the capability to
      manufacture, but not necessarily accumulate, the chondroitin sulfates as well as
      other glycosaminoglycans. The relative distribution of glycosaminoglycans differs
      between tissues and changes with age.

PMID- 1202154
TI  - 3H-amino acid uptake and incorporation in sea urchin gastrulae and exogastrulae:
      an autoradiographic study.
AB  - Autoradiographic analysis of gastrulae of the sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus,
      after brief incubation periods with 3H-amino acids has indicated that the cells
      of the ectoderm incorporate significantly greater levels of isotope than the
      cells of the interior. Further analysis based primarily on incorporation patterns
      of exogastrulae indicate that the greatly lowered incorporation by the cells of
      the archenteron reflects the inability of small molecular weight precursors to
      reach the invaginated cells. The maintenance of high levels of 3H-amino acid
      incorporation by ectodermal cells of exogastrulae indicates their relative
      independence with respect to macromolecular metabolism from the cells of the
      archenteron.

PMID- 1202155
TI  - Delayed allatectomy and feeding in Phormia regina (Meig): effects on follicular
      development.
AB  - A delay in feeding a protein meal to the female blow-fly following allatectomy
      results in inhibition of follicular development in the previtellogenic stage. On
      the other hand, a protein meal given immediately after the operation permits 55%
      of the flies that do not deposit yolk in their oocytes fail to do so because of
      the absence of a corpus allatum hormone necessary for the synthesis of
      vitellogenin.

PMID- 1202156
TI  - Annual cycle of plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations in wild mallard drakes.
AB  - Plasma LH concentrations were followed in 9 individually marked wild mallard
      drakes in Kiel (54 degrees N) for one year at monthly intervals. Mean LH levels
      increased during the spring and reached the annual maximum in April and May. In
      June when testicular regressions occurs, the LH titer sharply decreased and was
      lower than at any other phase of the annual cycle. In late fall mean plasma LH
      concentrations increased and, whilst not reaching the values observed during the
      breeding season, remained relatively high during the winter. Thus, in the mallard
      LH can be released under short and long daily photo-periods.

PMID- 1202157
TI  - Numerical taxonomy and laboratory identification of Actinomyces and Arachnia and
      some related bacteria.
AB  - A numerical taxonomic study was made on 49 facultative anaerobic Gram-positive
      filamentous and/or diphtheroidal organisms isolated from dental plaques, carious
      dentin and faeces, together with 63 reference strains belonging to the genera
      Actinomyces, Arachnia, Bifidobacterium, Actinobacterium, Propionibacterium,
      Eubacterium and Lactobacillus. They were examined for 90 unit characters covering
      a wide range of tests and properties. The data were subjected to computer
      analysis in which the simple matching coefficient (SSM) and the similarity index 
      (SJ) were calculated, and the results of single linkage techniques and an
      unweighted average linkage cluster analysis technique were compared. The strains
      fell into six major groups (phena). The Actinomyces strains were recovered in two
      phena; the first contained Actinomyces israelii and the other facultative
      anaerobic Actinomyces, including subclusters equal to taxospecies of A.
      odontolyticus and A. viscosus/A. naeslundii, while the other phenon corresponded
      to the genera Arachnia, Actinobacterium, Bifidobacterium and Propionibacterium.
      The groups of Arachnia and Actinobacterium each contained one species,
      representing taxospecies of Arachnia propionica and Actinobacterium meyerii.
      Taxonomic criteria, both constant and discriminative, were selected to form a
      diagnostic table useful for laboratory identification of this group of organisms.
      Immunofluorescence supported the numerical data.

PMID- 1202158
TI  - Polarity of gene transfer in Caulobacter.

PMID- 1202159
TI  - The orientation of certain root-nodule bacteria at interfaces, including legume
      root-hair surfaces.

PMID- 1202160
TI  - The microbial degradation of cyclohexane carboxylic acid.

PMID- 1202161
TI  - DNA base sequence homologies among strains of Streptococcus sanguis.
AB  - DNA was isolated from 19 strains and substrains of Streptococcus sanguis and
      analysed for guanine plus cytosine (GC) contents and base sequence homologies.
      Three groups could be discerned: group 1 strains had 40-8 to 42-8 mol % GC; group
      2, 42-7 to 44-0 mol % GC; group 3, 43-8 to 46-4 mol % GC. DNA homologies between
      groups 1 and 3 were 40 to 60% at 67 degrees C and 40% at 72 degrees C. The
      homologies of group 2 towards groups 1 and 3 were much lower. Strains in groups 1
      and 3 hydrolysed arginine and aesculin and fermented inulin; group 2 strains did
      not. Groups 1 and 3 could be considered subspecies of S. sanguis. Group 2 should
      not be considered S. sanguis.

PMID- 1202162
TI  - Adult onset scapuloperoneal myopathy.
AB  - Six cases are described of muscle weakness and wasting of scapuloperoneal
      distribution with an onset in early adult or middle life and a relatively benign
      progression. One case also showed mild facial weakness. Four cases were probably
      sporadic but in two, a mother and daughter, autosomal dominant inheritance was
      likely. Electromyographic studies demonstrated myopathic features in all, and
      this was confirmed by muscle biopsy in five. Electrocardiographic abnormalities
      were present in three cases, but their significance is uncertain. It is
      considered that adult onset scapuloperoneal myopathy constitutes a clinically
      distinct condition.

PMID- 1202163
TI  - Electrophysiological study of amyotrophy associated with acute asthma (asthmatic
      amyotrophy).
AB  - A girl developed acute amyotrophy of the left arm five days after onset of an
      acute attack of bronchial asthma. Slow improvement in muscle power began nine
      months later. There was severe denervation with preservation of sensation and
      normal motor nerve conduction velocities when these were measurable. The patient
      is similar to 10 patients reported by Hopkins (1974).

PMID- 1202164
TI  - Absence of activation in frontal structures during psychological testing of
      chronic schizophrenics.
AB  - The distribution of activity in the dominant hemisphere was measured with the
      regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) technique in 27 chronic schizophrenics and 15
      non-schizophrenic control subjects (alcoholics) at rest and during phychological
      testing. In the non-schizophrenics, an increase of rCBF was observed during the
      test in frontal regions. In the chronic schizophrenics, on the other hand, no or
      only a very limited increase was recorded. In postcentral structures the flow
      response during the testing was, by and large, equal in the psychotics and the
      controls. The findings support the hypothesis advanced previously by the authors
      that in chronic schizophrenia there is defective transmission in the
      mediothalamic frontocortical projection bundle. This defect also appears
      responsible for the abnormally low resting flow (activity) in the dominant
      hemisphere in chronic schizophrenia which we have described previously.

PMID- 1202165
TI  - Use of computerized tomography in senile dementia.
AB  - Computerized tomography was used to evaluate 35 patients with senile dementia and
      proved to be a simple and practical screening procedure. Those patients with
      moderate or severe cerebral atrophy had a poorer short-term prognosis than those
      with questionable or mild atrophy. Two patients with potentially treatable
      illnesses (hypothyroidism and pernicious anaemia) and only questionable atrophy
      had reversal of the dementia with treatment. A single patient with moderate
      atrophy had a potentially treatable illness (hypothyroidism) which only partially
      resolved. Those patients with dementia but relatively little atrophy by
      computerized tomography may represent a unique group with a better prognosis who
      require particularly careful evaluation for potentially treatable illnesses.

PMID- 1202166
TI  - Optic ataxia: clinical-radiological correlations with the EMIscan.
AB  - After coronary by-pass surgery, a 47 year old, right-handed man developed
      Gerstmann's syndrome, a visual-spatial perceptual deficit, and a gross impairment
      of movememt under visual guidance ("optic ataxia"). Visual fields and extraocular
      movements were intact; he had a left hemiparesis. The EMIscan showed three
      lesions: a left parietal-occipital lesion; a posterior callosal lesion, and a
      right frontal lesion. It is hypothesized that optic ataxia in both visual fields
      requires bilateral lesions which, in the present case, were strategically placed
      so as to effectively disconnect motor cortex from visual input.

PMID- 1202167
TI  - Conduction velocity along human nociceptive reflex afferent nerve fibres.
AB  - The conduction velocity along the nociceptive flexor reflex afferent nerve fibres
      was investigated in human subjects. The posterior tibal nerve was stimulated at
      two sites by single painful electrical shocks of 1.0 ms duration and with
      adequate intensity and the reflex EMG discharges were recorded from the short
      head of the biceps femoris muscle. The fastest reflex conduction velocity along
      the posterior tibial nerve between the ankle and the popliteal fossa was about 10
      25 m/s. Thus the fastest flexor reflex afferent fibres associated with a painful
      sensation were thought to be included in the A-delta group of cutaneous afferent
      nerve fibres.

PMID- 1202168
TI  - Delayed decrement of the nerve impulse propagation during induced limb ischaemia
      in chronic hepatic failure.
AB  - Sensory thresholds for vibrations and electrical shocks and the sensory nerve
      conduction velocity (median nerve) were measured during 30 minutes of induced
      limb ischaemia in 10 normal subjects and 15 patients with chronic hepatic
      failure. Sensory action potentials were recorded simultaneously at the wrist and
      elbow. Seven patients (group A) had a normal perception time for vibrations. As
      in normal subjects, the potential amplitude decreased from the onset of
      ischaemia, more pronounced at the elbow than at the wrist, and the conduction
      velocity became reduced more rapidly in the wrist-elbow than the first digit
      wrist segment, indicating impulse propagation with decrement. Eight patients
      (group B) had a markedly prolonged perception time for vibrations. The reduction
      of potential amplitude and conduction velocity was considerably delayed, and the
      impulse propagation showed no evidence of decrement for 20-25 minutes of
      ischaemia. A rise of the threshold for electrical shocks was absent or very
      delayed. As in the two other groups, the rise was abrupt and occurred at the
      moment when the potential below the occluding cuff (elbow) was extinct. In both
      groups of patients there was an increasing temporal dispersion of action
      potentials and in patient group A a desynchronization of the late phase of the
      potential took place early in the course of ischaemia. Differences between groups
      A and B could not be predicted from the pre-ischaemic nerve conduction data.

PMID- 1202169
TI  - The pathophysiology of Hirschsprung's disease- a continuing search.

PMID- 1202170
TI  - Pathophysiology of aganglionic colon segment: an experimental study on
      aganglionosis produced by a new method in the rat.
AB  - Experimental aganglionosis was produced successfully in a colonic segment
      proximal to the peritoneal reflection by intraluminal filling under tension of
      the colorectum of rats with 0.01% corrosive sublimate in normal saline solution.
      Where the length of aganglionic segment was more than 3 cm, ileus appeared and
      megacolon proximal to a narrow segment was observed. Histologically and
      histochemically, a total denervation state was observed in the aganglionic
      segment, in contrast to findings in narrow segments of Hirschsprung's disease, in
      which intramural extraneous nerves are known to be increased. The fact that a
      definite narrow segment like that seen in Hirschsprung's disease appeared at the
      portion of the colon in which experimental aganglionosis was produced indicates
      that a narrow colonic segment certainly can be produced without presence of any
      intramural extraneous nerves, although the possibility that the presence of such
      nerves may exaggerate the narrowing cannot be denied. The fact that the cases in
      which length of aganglionosis was less than 2.5 cm did not have an ileus suggests
      that there may be some contributing factors other than aganglionosis in the
      etiology of Hirschsprung's disease of ultrashort segment, if this entity of the
      disease really exists. Aperistalsis observed in experimental aganglionic segments
      and that observed in aganglionotic segments of Hirschsprung's disease seem to be
      based on a common main factor, i.e., absence of the nonadrenergic, noncholinergic
      nerves.

PMID- 1202171
TI  - Pharmacologic studies of Hirschsprung's disease on a murine model.
AB  - In studies of the pharmacology of a murine model of aganglionosis, the contracted
      aganglionic portion of the terminal bowel showed slow regular contractions of
      high amplitude in comparison to the rapid low-amplitude contractions of a normal
      segment of bowel. An absence of the nonadrenergic inhibitory system was
      demonstrated in the aganglionic, contracted portion of the bowel. This lack of
      the nonadrenergic system confirms previous findings in human tissue. It is
      proposed that absence of this inhibitory system in the aganglionic portion of the
      bowel results in the principal pathophysiologic findings in Hirschsprung's
      disease.

PMID- 1202172
TI  - Chronic adynamic bowel simulating Hirschsprung's disease.

PMID- 1202174
TI  - Immediate and long-term results of superior mesenteric vein-inferior vena cava
      shunt for portal hypertension in children.
AB  - Experience with 46 superior mesenteric vein-inferior vena cava shunts in children
      is reported, with postoperative follow-up of from 2 to 15 yr. The first procedure
      used as an end-to-side implantation of the vena cava into the right side of the
      superior mesenteric vein or portal vein after ligating the cava above the iliac
      vessels (16 cases). In the next 30 children, the vena cava was lengthened using
      the left or right common iliac vein, thus obtaining better anastomosis and
      reversed portal flow. Patency may be definitely assumed when the esophageal
      varices have disappeared within 3 mo; this was observed in 33 children. Results
      are nearly the same with superior mesenteric vein-inferior vena cava shunt,
      splenorenal shunt and portacaval shunt when the respective veins of the portal
      system are more than 1 cm in diameter. When it is less, the superior mesenteric
      vein-inferior vena cava shunt is more successful than others; this is the case in
      children under 7 yr of age. No serious trouble was observed after the
      interruption of the venous circulation of the limbs and pelvis when a superior
      mesenteric vein-inferior vena cava shunt was performed when the patients were
      less than 15 yr of age.

PMID- 1202173
TI  - Hypercoagulability in childhood cancer.
AB  - Thirty-two children with solid tumors (lymphangioma, fibrosarcoma,
      hepatocarcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphosarcoma,
      mesenchymoma, hepatoma, Ewing's sarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, neuroblastoma,
      Hodgkin's disease, and brain tumors) were studied for alterations in coagulation
      by means of platelet counts, platelet aggregation, thrombelastogram, procoagulant
      and antigenic factor VIII, fibrin split products, and antithrombin III level.
      Results indicated hypercoagulability as shown by abnormally short
      thrombelastograms and elevated factor VIII levels and platelet counts in
      approximately one-half of the group. With the exception of increased fibrin split
      products in a third of the patients, little laboratory or clinical evidence for
      disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen. Hypercoagulability, as noted in
      adult carcinoma patients, can also occur in childhood sarcoma patients.

PMID- 1202175
TI  - Inflammatory processes mimicking bladder tumors in children.
AB  - Tumor-like proliferative lesions were discovered on cystourethrography and
      cystoscopy in two children, one with severe bacterial urinary tract infection and
      the other with painless terminal hematuria. Histologically, these lesions were
      characterized by inflammatory infiltration and proliferative changes of the
      bladder epithelium. Appropriate treatment, including antibiotics, resulted in
      complete disappearance of the bladder lesions in both patients. The development
      of such lesions is related to the potential for nonneoplastic proliferation and
      metaplasia of the bladder epithelium and is considered to be the result of
      irritation associated with infection or other chemical and physical factors. The
      known malignant potential of such bladder pathology indicates a need for careful,
      long-term follow-up in such patients, including children.

PMID- 1202176
TI  - Splenic torsion and accessory spleen: a scintigraphic demonstration.

PMID- 1202177
TI  - Aldosteronoma in a child with localization by adrenal vein aldosterone:
      collective review of the literature.
AB  - Hyperaldosteronism due to aldosteronoma is a rare but potentially curable form of
      pediatric hypertension. We have presented a patient who had symptoms of enuresis
      and fatigue, and in whom the diagnosis was suggested by low serum potassium and
      persistent hypertension. Diagnosis was confirmed by increased plasma and urinary
      aldosterone and decreased plasma renin. The tumor was localized with the aid of
      adrenal venography and catheterization, which showed greatly increased plasma
      aldosterone levels in the right adrenal vein. The pathologic findings were
      totally reversed by right adrenalectomy. The clinical picture and results
      following surgical removal of aldosterone-producing tumors in six children are
      reviewed.

PMID- 1202178
TI  - Correction of transposition of the great vessels with previous Baffes procedure.
AB  - Twenty-four patients with transposition of the great vessels who underwent a
      Baffes procedure in infancy were totally corrected by a modified Mustard
      procedure. There were three postoperative deaths and one major complication. All
      survivors have been followed from 2 to 8 yr and have done well except for one
      patient who required a tricuspid valve replacement because of tricuspid
      insufficiency. It is our conclusion that this group of patients can be corrected
      with a relatively low mortality and a favorable outcome.

PMID- 1202179
TI  - Angiographic diagnosis and treatment of bleeding by selective embolization
      following pelvic fracture in children.
AB  - Angiography has been used successfully in adults for evaluation following major
      trauma and to subsequently control hemorrhage associated with pelvic fracture by
      selective embolization. This report illustrates that the technique is applicable
      in the evaluation and treatment of children with similar injuries.

PMID- 1202180
TI  - Colonic strictures following nonoperative management of necrotizing
      enterocolitis.

PMID- 1202181
TI  - Intestinal atresia in fetal dogs produced by localized ligation of mesenteric
      vessels.
AB  - Experimental ileal atresia and stenosis were produced by a localized ligation of
      the mesenteric vessels in fetuses from 13 pregnant mongrel dogs having
      gestational ages of 45-55 days. The intestinal infarct in the fetus was
      characterized by an aseptic coagulation necrosis selectively limited to the
      mucosa and submucosa, and also by intense hyperemia and minimal cellular reaction
      in the adjacent tissue. Eleven days after the devascularization, type 2
      intestinal atresia, in which there is a long cord between the blunt ends
      microscopically similar to that seen in humans.

PMID- 1202182
TI  - Spontaneous perforation and closure of the small intestine in association with
      childhood leukemia.

PMID- 1202183
TI  - Fatal outcome in a child with pseudomembranous colitis.
AB  - The clinical and histologic changes occurring with antibiotic-associated
      pseudomembranous colitis are usually reversible with discontinuation of the
      causative medication. The spectrum of disease patterns ranges from a benign form
      to a very fulminant and occasionally fatal one. This report describes a child
      with a severe form of the disease. Despite recognition and sigmoidoscopic
      confirmation of this syndrome and cessation of antibiotics, his course continued
      to deteriorate. Sepsis, leukocytosis, refractory diarrhea, and abdominal
      distension led to exploratory laparotomy. A proctocolectomy was performed for
      necrosis of the entire colon; however, the patient died of sepsis.

PMID- 1202184
TI  - Suppurative mesenteric lymphadenitis, a forgotten clinical entity: report of two
      cases.

PMID- 1202185
TI  - Diagnostic pneumomediastinum.

PMID- 1202187
TI  - The phantasy behind the face.

PMID- 1202186
TI  - Nonbacterial pancystitus presenting as a bladder mass.

PMID- 1202188
TI  - Concurrent validity of the Wheeler signs of homosexuality in the Rorschach: P
      (Ci/Rj).
AB  - The Rorschach protocols of 43 males consecutively admitted to a university
      outpatient clinic were scored for frequency of the 20 Wheeler signs of
      homosexuality. Based on case history data, patients were assigned to homosexual,
      sex-role disturbed, or normal-control groups. In addition to the traditional
      group comparison the results were analyzed to yield P (Ci/Rj); that is, the
      probability of criterion group membership given test indicator. Both the
      homosexual and sex-role disturbed group displayed significantly more Wheeler
      signs than normals. Furthermore, given a Wheeler sign score of 15%, .75 of the
      predicted-homosexual group would be correctly classified compared to a .21
      baserate prediction. It was suggested that expressing results as P (Ci/Rj)
      provides information more relevant to the clinician than is provided by the
      traditional practice of reporting significant differences between groups.

PMID- 1202189
TI  - Validity of the Overcontrolled-Hostility (O-H) Scale: a brief report.
AB  - In order to further assess the validity of the MMPI O-H (overcontrolled
      hostility) Scale, high and low O-H youthful offenders were administered the
      Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study and their responses classified as
      extrapunitive, impunitive or intropunitive. Results indicated that high O-H
      subjects were significantly more impunitive than low O-H subjects and conversely,
      that low O-H subjects were more extrapunitive than high O-H subjects. Such
      findings are consistent with the O-H personality typology and lend further
      support to the construct validity of the Scale.

PMID- 1202190
TI  - Personality differences among child molesters.
AB  - This study compared the MMPI profiles of two groups of child molesters, those
      with no prior arrests versus those with one or more prior arrests, in order to
      assess certain clinically derived inferences about these offenders. The sample
      consisted of 33 persons convicted of child molestation. The group with prior
      arrests showed more psychopathology than the group with no previous arrests.

PMID- 1202191
TI  - Time experiences, self-actualizing values, and creativity.
AB  - The Personal Orientation Inventory (POI), the Inventory of Temporal Experiences
      (ITE), and the Adjective Check List (ACL) were administered to 80 subjects.
      Sixteen scores were derived from the POI, 4 from the ITE and a Creativity score
      for the ACL. The resulting intercorrelations were interpreted in the light of the
      theories of Maslow and Hugenholtz which postulate a convergence of self
      actualization, creativity, and certain experiences of time. The present study
      presents some evidence for the expected convergence and contributes to the
      construct validity of several of the variables studied.

PMID- 1202192
TI  - Locus of control and voluntary heart-rate change.
AB  - Investigated the effects of locus of control on voluntary control of heart-rate
      change. The 32 subjects were randomly assigned to one of two heart-rate change
      groups: Increase or decrease. The groups were counterbalanced for locus of
      control and sex. No heart-rate feedback was provided to subjects, and all
      subjects performed the appropriate task for two sessions. Results indicated that
      during the initial session, internals were better able to increase their heart
      rates than externals; the externals were better able to decrease their heart
      rates internals. This association, however, diminished to nonsignificance in the
      second session.

PMID- 1202193
TI  - Simultaneous measurements of magnesium, calcium and sodium influxes in perfused
      squid giant axons under membrane potential control.
AB  - 1. Giant axons from the squids Dosidicus gigas, Loligo forbesi and Loligo
      vulgaris were internally perfused with 550 or 275 mM KF plus sucrose and bathed
      in artificial sea water containing 45Ca, 28Mg or mixtures of 45Ca-28Mg or 45Ca
      22Na. Resting influxes and extra influxes during voltage-clamp pulses were
      measured by collecting and counting the internal perfusate. 2. For Dosidicus
      axons in 10 mM-CaCl2 the resting influx of calcium was 0-016 +/- 0-007 p-mole/cm2
      sec and a linear function of external concentration. For two experiments in 10
      and 84-7 mM-CaCl2, 100 nM tetrodotoxin had no effect. Resting calcium influx in
      10 mM-CaCl2 was 0-017 +/- 0-013 p-mole/cm2 sec for Loligo axons. 3. With 55 mM
      MgCl2 outside the average resting magnesium influx was 0-124 +/- 0-080 p-mole/cm2
      sec for Loligo axons. Discarding one aberrant point the value is 0-105 +/- 0-046
      which is not significantly different from the resting calcium influx for
      Dosidicus fibres in 55 mM-CaCl2, given as 0-094 p-mole/cm2 sec by the regression
      line shown in Fig. 1. In two experiments 150 nM tetrodotoxin had no effect. 4.
      With 430 mM-NaCl outside 100 nM tetrodotoxin reduced the average resting influx
      of sodium in Dosidicus axon from 27-7 +/- 4-5 to 25-1 +/- 6-2 p-mole/cm2 sec and
      for Loligo fibres in 460 mM-NaCl from 50-5 +/- 4 to 20 +/- 8 p-mole/cm2 sec. 5.
      Using depolarizing pulses of various durations, the extra calcium influx occurred
      in two phases. The early phase was eliminated by external application of
      tetrodotoxin. The results of analysis are consistent with, but do not rigorously
      demonstrate, the conclusion that the tetrodotoxin sensitive calcium entry is
      flowing through the normal sodium channels (cf. Baker, Hodgkin & Ridgway, 1971).
      6. Measurements of extra influxes using 22Na and 45Ca simultaneously  indicate
      that the time courses of tetrodotoxin sensitive calcium and sodium entry are
      similar but not necessarily identical. It is very doubtful that any significant
      calcium entry occurs before the sodium or is involved in the activation of the
      sodium system. 7. These measurements confirm for Loligo, as previously shown for
      Dosidicus axons, that the magnitude and time course of the sodium entry during a
      depolarizing pulse deduced from electrical measurements is the same as that
      measured with 22Na. 8. Using 28Mg, or mixtures of 45Ca and 28Mg, we observed a
      single phase of magnesium entry which was insensitive to external tetrodotoxin or
      internal tetraethyl ammonium. The magnitude of the magnesium influx was
      considerably greater than the calcium extra entry and large enough to have been
      detected in the experiments of Meves & Vogel (1973) if it represented current. 9.
      We suggest the possibility that the calcium and magnesium extra influxes, after
      external treatment with tetrodotoxin, during a depolarizing pulse, do not
      contribute to the measured current.

PMID- 1202195
TI  - Readjustment of retinotectal projection following reimplantation of a rotated or
      inverted tectal tissue in adult goldfish.
AB  - 1. The pattern of visual projection from the retina on to the optic tectum
      following reimplantation of a piece of the tectal tissue was studied with
      neurophysiological mapping methods in adult goldfish. 2. When a rectangular piece
      of the tectum was dissected, lifted free, and then reimplanted to the same tectum
      after rotation by 180 degrees around the dorsoventral axis, the re-established
      visual projection later showed a complete reversal of retinotopic order within
      the reimplanted area with reference to the normal projection on to the intact
      surrounding area of the same tectum. The localized reversal was observed as early
      as 65 days, and also as late as 721 days after the 180 degree rotated
      reimplantation. 3. If a square piece of the tectal tissue was reimplanted after
      rotation by 90 degrees anticlockwise around the dorsoventral axis, the restored
      visual projection later showed a corresponding localized 90 degrees rotation
      within the reimplanted ares. 4. When the entire laminar structure of a dissected
      tectal tissue was inverted, and the reimplanted upside-down along the same
      rostrocaudal axis of the tectum, the restored visual projection on to the
      inverted tectal reimplant was found to be organized in a reverse retinotopic
      order along only the mediolateral axis within the reimplanted area. The restored
      visual projection retained a correct retinotopic order along the rostrocaudal
      axis. The same trends were also observed after regeneration of the optic fibres
      following section of the contralateral optic nerve. 5. If the inverted tectal
      tissue was reimplanted along the same mediolateral axis of the tectum, the re
      established visual projection showed a localized reversal of retinotopic order
      along only the rostrocaudal axis within the reimplanted area. Sectioning the
      contralateral optic nerve made no difference to the result. 6. These results
      suggest that a piece of adult tectal tissue retains its original topographic
      polarity regardless of the orientation of reimplantation after either a rotation
      or an inversion. Furthermore the retention is not a short-lived transitory
      phenomenon. It persisted as long as the reimplanted tissue survived. 7.
      Histological examination of the operated tecta revealed that the reimplanted
      tectal tissues underwent a severe derangement in their laminar structures. It was
      impossible to identify the main target zone of retinotectal projection (the
      stratum fibrosum et griseum superficiale) or the central cellular layer (the
      stratum griseum centrale) in the reimplants. The prominent feature of the
      deranged tectal tissue was irregular vortices of tangled fibre bundles. Sparse
      tectal neurones of bipolar and granular types were irregularly scattered in the
      deranged structure of the reimplant. 8. Thus, the retention of original
      topographic polarity did not require an integrity of the cytoarchitectonic
      structure of the reimplanted tectal tissue.

PMID- 1202194
TI  - Extracellular potassium activity, intracellular and extracellular potential
      responses in the spinal cord.
AB  - 1. Microcapillary electrode assemblies of two or three channels were used to
      record extracellular and intracellular potentials together with the extracellular
      activity of potassium ions, from essentially single locations within the
      substance of the decapitate spinal cord of cats. A liquid ion exchanger filled
      the tip of the potassium sensing microprobe. Activity was evoked by electrical
      stimulation of afferent peripheral nerves (ventral roots were cut). 2. Within the
      substance of the spinal grey matter increments of extracellular potassium
      activity evoked by repetitive afferent volleys were precisely correlated with
      magnitudes of sustained shifts of extracellular electric potential. Raising [K+]o
      from 3 to 4 mM was associated with a negative shift of potential of 2-5 +/- 0-5
      mV, regardless of the position of the electrode in the tissue, and regardless of
      treatment by convulsant or depressant drugs. 3. The spatial distribution of the
      responses of potassium activity was mapped by the spatial distribution of the
      negative sustained potential shifts. 4. Depolarization shifts of potential
      recorded from within neuroglia cells ran parallel with changes of extracellular
      potassium potential. Even though the magnitude of extracellular sustained
      potential shifts was precisely correlated with the responses of both
      extracellular potassium and intracellular glial potentials, the trajectory of
      sustained potential shifts did not exactly mirror the two other variables. Onset
      and offset of sustained potential shifts were faster than those of glial
      potentials or of extracellular potassium. 5. The responses of the true
      transmembrane potential (intracellular less extracellular potential shifts) of
      neuroglia cells in the spinal grey matter can fully be described by the Nernst
      equation. 6. Membrane potentials of neurones, potentials recorded from dorsal
      root filaments, or from white matter, appeared unrelated to the activity of
      potassium ions in extracellular fluid. 7. The results are compatible with the
      suggestions that changes of the membrane potential of spinal neuroglia cells are
      fully determined by the change of the activity of extracellular potassium, and
      that glia cells supply most of the current which generates sustained shifts of
      the extracellular potential of spinal grey matter. The results are hard to
      reconcile with suggestions that under conditions of moderate excitation (i.e. in
      the absence of convulsive neuronal activity) changes of extracellular potassium
      would significantly influence the membrane potential of spinal neurones, or of
      primary afferent nerve fibres.

PMID- 1202196
TI  - The actions of volatile anaesthetics on synaptic transmission in the dentate
      gyrus.
AB  - 1. The action of four volatile anaesthetics on the evoked synaptic potentials of
      in vitro preparations of the hippocampus were examined. 2. All four anaesthetics
      (ether, halothane, methoxyflurane and trichloroethylene) depressed the synaptic
      transmission between the perforant path and the granule cells at concentrations
      lower than those required to maintain anaesthesia in intact animals. 3. The
      population excitatory post-synaptic potential (e.p.s.p.) and massed discharge of
      the cortical cells (population spike) were depressed at concentrations of the
      anaesthetics lower than those required to depress the compound action potential
      of the perforant path nerve fibres. None of the anaesthetics studied increased
      the threshold depolarization required for granule cell discharge. Furthermore,
      frequency potentiation of the evoked cortical e.p.s.p.s was not impaired by any
      of the anaesthetics studied. 4. It is concluded that all four anaesthetics
      depress synaptic transmission in the dentate gyrus either by reducing the amount
      of transmitter released from each nerve terminal in response to an afferent
      volley, or by decreasing the sensitivity of the post-synaptic membrane to
      released transmitted or by both effects together.

PMID- 1202197
TI  - Transfer of fatty acids across the rabbit placenta.
AB  - 1. Transfer of fatty acids across the placenta was studied in anaesthetized
      rabbits at 28-days gestation by measuring umbilical venous-arterial differences,
      by injection of labelled palmitate into the mother and observing its appearance
      in the foetus, by injection of labelled palmitate into the foetus and measuring
      its appearance in the mother and the foetal clearance rate. 2. The release of
      fatty acids and glycerol by foetal adipose tissues was investigated in vitro by
      measuring the effect of addition of noradrenaline to the incubation medium and in
      vivo by measuring the effect of noradrenaline infusion into the foetus on
      circulating glycerol and free fatty acid concentrations. 3. In anaesthetized
      rabbits at 28-days gestation the maternal circulating free fatty acid
      concentrations were high and there was a positive umbilical venous-arterial
      difference. High maternal free fatty acid concentrations were associated with
      high umbilical venous-arterial differences. 4. Label was present in the foetus in
      2 min and reached a peak in 3 min after injection of labelled palmitate into the
      mother. Label appeared in the maternal circulation in 1 min after injection into
      the foetus. The half-life of labelled palmitate was of the order of 30-60 sec in
      both mother in foetus. 5. Foetal white adipose tissue released both free fatty
      acids and glycerol into the medium and the rate of release increased four to five
      fold after addition of noradrenaline. Infusion of noradrenaline in the foetus led
      to a rise in glucose and glycerol concentrations, but the change in free fatty
      acid concentrations was not significant. 6. It was concluded that (i) free fatty
      acids can cross the rabbit placenta in amounts sufficient to provide the fatty
      acid components of stored triglyceride and structural lipids; (ii) placental
      transport of free fatty acids depends in part on maternal blood concentration and
      on foetal uptake; (iii) foetal circulating free fatty acids are continually
      exchanging with fatty acid pools in the placenta and with the maternal
      circulating free fatty acids.

PMID- 1202198
TI  - Ionic mechanism of the excitatory synaptic membrane of the crayfish neuromuscular
      junction.
AB  - 1. The reversal potential for the excitatory neuromuscular junction of the
      crayfish (Cambarus clarkii) was measured using the voltage clamp method. The
      potential change was recorded with an intracellular microcapillary and the
      negative phase of the output of the feed-back amplifier was connected to the
      stainless-steel wire which was inserted longitudinally into the muscle fibre. 2.
      When the excitatory nerve was stimulated, a transient feed-back current flowed
      inwardly through the membrane. This current was called the excitatory junctional
      current (e.j.c.). 3. Reversal potentials were determined by extrapolating the
      e.j.c.s measured at different membrane potentials. They were about 10-20 mV
      positive with respect to the bath solution (11-5 +/- 1-2 mV, mean +/- S.E.). 4.
      The reversal potential for the iontophoretically applied glutamate was identical
      with that for the e.j.c. 5. In hypertonic solutions, the reversal potentials for
      e.j.c. and glutamate became more negative. 6. When the sodium concentration of
      the bath solution was decreased, the reversal potential became more negative. 7.
      When the chloride and potassium concentration were altered, little, if any,
      change was observed in the reversal potential. 8. It was concluded that the
      e.j.c. was carried mainly by sodium ions. Contribution of other ions, possibly
      calcium ions, was discussed.

PMID- 1202199
TI  - A comparison of radioactive thallium and potassium fluxes in the giant axon of
      the squid.
AB  - 1. The influx and the efflux of 204Tl and 42K were measured in intact squid giant
      axons. 2. The resting efflux of 204Tl was found to be about one half of 42K and
      to have a temperature coefficient (Q10) of 1-3 as compared to 1-1 for K. 3. The
      extra efflux of 204Tl associated with nerve impulses was 30% greater than 42K. 4.
      From either Cl or NO3 sea water, the resting influx of 204Tl was about three
      times that of 42K. Ouabain reduced the influx of either isotope by about two
      thirds without changing the Tl/K ratio of the fluxes. This indicates that the Na
      pump can transport Tl. 5. From NO3 sea water the extra influx of 204Tl assoicated
      with nerve impulses was about the same as 42K. From Cl sea water there was no
      detectable extra influx of 204Tl. 6. The flux ratio, ouabain-insensitive
      influx/efflux, was different for the two ions. The resting flux ratio for Tl was
      consistent with a passive non-interacting flux, whereas K movements were
      consistent with 'single file' passage through the membrane. 7. The extra flux
      associated with nerve impulses is different from the resting flux both in Tl/K
      selectivity and in the effect of anion in the sea water. There is also a much
      higher flux per unit time during the nerve impulse. These differences suggest
      differences in the mechanisms underlying ion permeability at rest and during
      nervous activity.

PMID- 1202201
TI  - Influence of perinatal progesterone on sexual activity in the male guinea pig.

PMID- 1202202
TI  - Elimination of the menses: psychosocial aspects.

PMID- 1202200
TI  - The effect of saline and hyperoncotic dextran infusion on canine ileal salt and
      water absorption and regional blood flow.
AB  - 1. The unidirectional Na and H2O fluxes, vascular pressures and total and
      absorptive site blood flows in the canine ileum were determined before and during
      I.V. saline infusion and subsequent I.V. infusion of hyperoncotic dextran. The
      intestinal perfusion solutions were isotonic saline or isotonic saline and
      mannitol, but the effects of I.V. saline or I.V. hyperoncotic dextran infusion
      were generally the same for both luminal solutions. 2. Continuous I.V. infusion
      of saline caused a continuous increase in the unidirectional flux of Na and H2O
      into the ileal lumen, an increase in total blood flow, and an increase in venous
      pressure. 3. The net absorption of Na and H2O was decreased by I.V. saline
      infusion. 4. The unidirectional fluxes of Na and H2O out of the lumen, arterial
      pressure, and absorptive site blood flow were not affected by I.V. saline
      infusion. 5. I.V. hyperoncotic dextran infusion reversed most of the effects of
      saline infusion. 6. The unidirectional fluxes of Na and H2O into the lumen were
      significantly correlated with Starling forces during I.V. saline infusion. 7. It
      was concluded that intestinal transport of salt and water was subject to
      regulation by physical forces at the capillary level.

PMID- 1202203
TI  - The psychiatric outcome of 'normal' people at follow-up.

PMID- 1202204
TI  - "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of
      patients for the clinician.

PMID- 1202206
TI  - Psychological and life-experience differences between Israeli women with benign
      and cancerous breast lesions.

PMID- 1202205
TI  - Abnormal distribution of cerebral activity in chronic schizophrenia.

PMID- 1202207
TI  - The applicability of the life events approach to the problems of immigration.

PMID- 1202209
TI  - A less heretical view of life change and hospitalization.

PMID- 1202208
TI  - Emotional attitudes in adult insulin-dependent diabetics.

PMID- 1202210
TI  - Psychophysiological investigations in essential hypertensives.

PMID- 1202211
TI  - Effects of suggestion of relaxation or analgesia on pain threshold and pain
      tolerance in the waking and in the hypnotic state.

PMID- 1202212
TI  - [A comparison of two different treatments of anorexia nervosa].

PMID- 1202213
TI  - Patterns of illness behaviour in patients with intractable pain.

PMID- 1202214
TI  - Second stage medical intervention and pain during childbirth.

PMID- 1202215
TI  - A psycho-clinical investigation in adult hemophiliacs.

PMID- 1202216
TI  - Giardiasis: a cause of intestinal malabsorption.

PMID- 1202217
TI  - Tropical diseases in Europe.

PMID- 1202218
TI  - [Visceral leishmaniasis].

PMID- 1202219
TI  - De Senectute. The F. E. Williams lecture.

PMID- 1202220
TI  - Effect of calcium and lanthanum on iodine accumulation and release from human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

PMID- 1202221
TI  - Methods of study agents affecting pulmonary alveolar macrophage adherence:
      rinsing and centrifugation.

PMID- 1202222
TI  - The effect of synthetic polyribonucleotides on EL-4 lymphoma.

PMID- 1202223
TI  - A cytophotometric and autoradiographic study of DNA synthesis in macrophages and
      multinucleate foreign body giant cells.

PMID- 1202224
TI  - Evolution of the mammalian middle ear.
AB  - The structure and evolution of the mandible, suspensorium, and stapes of mammal
      like reptiles and early mammals are examined in an attempt to determine how, why,
      and when in phylogeny the precursors of the mammalian tympanic bone, malleus, and
      incus (postdentary jaw elements and quadrate) came to function in the reception
      of air-borne sound. The following conclusions are reached: It is possible that at
      no stage in mammalian phylogeny was there a middle ear similar to that of
      "typical" living reptiles, with a postquadrate tympanic membrane contracted by an
      extrastapes. The aquamosal sulcus of cynodonts and other therapsids, usually
      thought to have housed a long external acoustic meatus, possibly held a depressor
      mandibulae muscle. In therapsids an air-filled chamber (recessus mandibularis of
      Westoll) extended deep to the reflected lamina and into the depression (external
      fossa) on the outer aspect of the angular element. A similar chamber was present
      in sphenacodontids but pterygoideus musculature occupied the small external
      fossa. The thin tissues superficial to the recessus mandibularis served as
      eardrum. Primitively, vibrations reached the stapes mainly via the anterior hyoid
      cornu, but in dicynodonts, therocephalians, and cynodants vibrations passed
      mainly or exclusively from mandible to quadrate to stapes and the reflected
      lamina was a component of the eardrum. In the therapsid phase of mammalian
      phylogeny, auditory adaptation was an important aspect of jaw evolution. Auditory
      efficiency, and sensitivity to higher sound frequencies were enhanced by
      diminution and loosening of the postdentary elements and quadrate, along with
      transference of musculature from postdentary elements to the dentary. These
      changes were made possible by associated modifications, including posterior
      expansion of the dentary. Establishment of a dentary-squamosal articulation
      permitted continuation of these trends, leading to the definitive mammalian
      condition, with no major change in auditory mechanism except that in most mammals
      (not monotremes) the angular, as tympanic, eventually bcame a non-vibrating
      structure.

PMID- 1202225
TI  - Evidence for a structural relationship between successive parallel tubules in the
      SR network and supernumerary striations of Z line material in purkinje fibers of
      the chicken, sheep, dog and rhesus monkey heart.
AB  - The striations and the intervening filaments observed in the present study have
      been variously designated in the literature as: prodomal pattern, leptomeric
      myofibril, microladder, leptomeric organelle, leptofibril and zebra body.
      Electron microscope examinations of Purkinje fibers from the septa, papillaries,
      trabeculae carneae and small endocardial strands from chicken, sheep, dog and
      monkey hearts have revealed a close association between densely stained
      striations of supernumerary Z line material and successive parallel tubules in
      the network formed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The striations appear to
      be linked together by filaments that somewhat resemble the part of thin filaments
      attached to Z lines in normal fibrils. The evidence for a close association of
      striations and SR tubules is derived from a similarity of spacing between
      striations and successive parallel tubules in the SR network and from a
      resemblance of striation and SR network patterns. The evidence for a structural
      relationship between striations and SR tubules is derived from the observation of
      electron-opaque strands traversing the space between striations and SR tubules.

PMID- 1202226
TI  - Oocyte differentiation in Urechis caupo (Echiura): a fine structural study.
AB  - The fine structure of oocytes of Urechis caupo is described for seven arbitrary
      stages ranging from the smallest oocytes (7 mum in diameter) in the coelom to the
      mature oocytes (115 mum in diameter) in the storage organs. Although most types
      of cytoplasmic organelles accumulate more or less continuously, yolk granules do
      not appear until oocytes reach a diameter of 35 mum, and there is stage-specific
      synthesis of cortical granules in 60-80 mum oocytes. In the nucleus a single
      nucleolus first appears when an oocyte is 15 mum in diameter. Then a nucleolus
      satellite, which is about 3 mum in diameter, forms in 30 mum oocytes; this
      nucleolus satellite later (60-70 mum oocytes) becomes surrounded by 750 nm dense
      spherical bodies. Large (2-4 mum in diameter) juxtachromosomal spherules occur
      only in the nuclei of mature oocytes. Microvilli become progressively more
      numerous and longer until the oocyte reaches a diameter of 90 mum; their tips
      project 1 mum beyond the fibrous surface coat, which is 2 mum thick when well
      developed. Near the end of oocyte growth, the microvilli retract into the surface
      coat leaving their pinched-off tips adhering to the outside of the coat.

PMID- 1202227
TI  - Linear and inverted repetitions in protein sequences.
AB  - An extensive search for internal regularities in amino acid sequences has been
      made, using both the genetic code and the relative frequencies of amino acid
      alternatives in homologous proteins. The two methods give very similar results
      and strongly suggest the occurrence of significant linear and inverted
      repetitions (similar sequences of opposite polarity) in several proteins. A
      hypothesis is developed to explain the occurrence of such internal regularities
      in proteins. This hypothesis is based on a process of duplication of an ancestral
      loop in which a symmetrical arrangement of amino acid allows stabilization by
      interaction between the amino acid side chains.

PMID- 1202228
TI  - The amino acid sequence of myoglobin from skeletal muscles of red deer (Cervus
      elaphus).
AB  - Red deer myoglobin has been fragmented by restricted tryptic digestion and by
      treatment with cyanogen bromide. The fragments have been separated by gel
      permeation. The core peptide derived from cyanogen bromide cleavage have been
      further digested with trypsin and the resulting peptides have been separated on
      Dowex 1X2. All fragments have been characterized by their amino acid composition,
      by determination of their N-terminal sequence using automatic Edman degradation
      and of their C-terminal sequence following the kinetics of amino acid cleavage by
      carboxypeptidases A and B. The complete sequence has been found to be identical
      with the already known sequence of sheep myoglobin except for residue 145 which
      is Gln in red deer globin and Glu in sheep globin. Reinvestigation of the
      corresponding sequence in sheep globin has shown that residue 145 of sheep globin
      is also Gln.

PMID- 1202229
TI  - Symmetries of genetic code-doublets.
AB  - The fact that 64 base triplets code only about 20 essential amino acids implies a
      strong degeneracy of certain base doublets. It is shown that the set of
      degenerate base doublets and the set of non-degenerate base doublets are highlly
      structured. A mathematical formalism is introduced which allows a systematic
      description of the consequences of an exchange of bases in a doublet. By this
      formalism it is shown that the two mentioned set have in fact the same structure.

PMID- 1202230
TI  - Five simultaneous steady states in a flipping two-compartment-system with optical
      antipodes.
AB  - The previously given systems-theoretic model for the synthesis of optical
      antipodes (AD and AL) in strongly asymmetric yield, which shows mono-bistable
      behaviour depending on the degree of "openess" of the chemical reaction system is
      reconsidered for two equal compartments (subscripts 1 and 2 on A) with coupling
      by diffusion. In this configuration three threshold values, j1, is less than j2
      is less than j3, for the influx j of the common precursor substance appear. For j
      is less than j1 only one steady state (s.s.) with no optical activity (ADi = ALi,
      i-1;2) and equal distribution of the antipodes in both compartments (AD1 = AD2,
      AL1 = AL2) exists. For j is greater than j 1, this totally symmetric s.s. becomes
      unstable and a pair of s.s. with optical activity (AD1 is less than AL1, AD2 is
      less than AL2 or AD1 is greater than AL1, AD2 is greater than AL2) but no spatial
      asymmetry emerges (parallel flipping), i.e. both compartments be8have as a whole,
      showing a preponderance of either the D- or the L-form. For j is greater than j2
      in addition two new s.s. are possible with antiparallel flipping (AD1 is less
      than AL1, AD2 is greater than AL2 or AD1 is greater than AL1, AD2 is less than
      AL2), i.e. in one compartment the D-form has the majority and in the other one
      the L-form, but these are stable only beyond a third threshold value j3. A third
      thinkable pair with no optical activity, but different sum concentrations in both
      cells, does not exist in this special circuitry, but can be obtained in a
      slightly changed arrangement. So for j is greater than j2, 5 different (4 stable,
      1 unstable) s.s., exist for the same set of parameters, one of which is chosen by
      the system.

PMID- 1202231
TI  - Present status of enantiomeric analysis by gas chromatography.
AB  - The development of selective chiral solute-solvent systems showing separation of
      enantiomers by gas chromatography is reviewed. The enantiomeric analysis of alpha
      amino-acids and its application to various problems, including notably the
      analysis of meteorites, is discussed. Some recent results with the highly
      efficient diamide phases, which permit resolution on packed columns, are
      presented. Some new ideas on the mechanism of resolution are briefly mentioned.

PMID- 1202232
TI  - Letter to the editor: The D-normal distribution.

PMID- 1202233
TI  - Neutral currents in weak interactions and molecular asymmetry.
AB  - Weak interactions are parity violating forces, i.e. they differentiate between
      mirror images. Therefore it is a very attractive hypothesis to invoke weak
      interactions in explaining the origin of molecular asymmetry. It is, however, not
      clear whether weak interactions may operate between electrons and/or between
      electrons and protons? For these types of interactions so called neutral currents
      are needed. Recent experiments with muon neutrinos at CERN gave some evidence for
      the existence of neutral currents. Thus we may suppose that parity violating
      forces are active in molecules. In the first part of this paper a very elementary
      theory of weak interactions is outlined with special reference to the discovery
      of neutral currents. In the second part we show how weak interactions may
      differentiate between mirror image molecules. The asymmetrically distributed
      static charges in chiral molecules represent a helical potential field. This
      potential field may exert an effect on the orbital electrons and therefore
      coupling of spins and momenta occurs. Thus the enantiomers are parity transformed
      images not only as geometrical bodies, but their orbital electrons are parity
      transformed too as "a helical electron gas". Weak interactions will differentiate
      between L and D forms because their orbital electrons have a nonzero spin
      polarization with respect to their velocity.

PMID- 1202234
TI  - On the origin of molecular "handedness" in living systems.
AB  - Elementary particle effects (beta-decay) provide at best only a weakly handed
      radiation in the biologically effective energy ranges. Global magnetic effects
      coupled to sunlight are randomized by paleomagnetic reversals. Hence a persistent
      terrestrial handed bias at possible local biopoetic sites offers a more promising
      explanation for the origin of the "handedness" of the molecules found among
      living systems on earth. Magnetite in lava flows maintains a handed bias for
      surface catalysis through many magnetic reversals. Magnetite contaminated with
      sulfur has already been proposed by Granick as a biopoetic site because it
      provides a weak source of chemical energy derived by photochemical conversion.
      Indirect evidence for this hypothesis has been provided by the molecular
      structure of ferredoxin - a single strand of the 14 primordial amino acids
      wrapped around an FeS core. Lava flows have been suggested as biopoetic sites by
      Fox, since their temperature and chemical composition might allow for the rapid
      synthesis of prebiotic compounds at the surface of the primitive earth. The
      additional fact that magnetite in lave flows also provides a persistent handed
      site for surface catalysis offers a further argument for the experimental
      investigation of this specific biopoetic environment.

PMID- 1202235
TI  - Crystallization and solid-state reaction as a route to asymmetric synthesis from
      achiral starting materials.
AB  - Many molecules which are achiral can crystallize in chiral (enantiomorphic)
      crystals and, under suitable conditions, crystals of only one chirality may be
      obtained. The formation of right- or left-handed crystals in excess is equally
      probable. Lattice-controlled (topochemical) photochemical or thermal solid-state
      reactions may then afford stable, optically active products. In the presence of
      the chiral products, achiral reactants may preferentially produce crystals of one
      chirality, leading to a feedback mechanism for the generation and amplification
      of optical activity. Amplification of optical activity can also be achieved by
      solid-state reactions. The optical synthesis of biologically relevant compounds
      by such routes may be envisaged.

PMID- 1202237
TI  - Diagnostic laparotomy in the patient with multiple injuries.
AB  - Seven hundred consecutive patients with multiple areas of injury requiring
      surgical repair outside of the abdomen were subjected to laparotomy. Five hundred
      sixty-one patients had intra-abdominal injury: 139 patients were found to have no
      intraperitoneal damage. The morbidity in the 139 patients with negative findings
      at laparotomy was 2%. In patients with multiple areas of trauma, the abdomen is
      almost always suspect. The proliferation of diagnostic tools to detect
      intraperitoneal damage have, in some ways, helped physicians decide as to
      laparotomy. However, when multiple injuries are present, particularly of the
      central nervous system, classical findings of peritoneal damage are difficult to
      elicit. A diagnostic laparotomy does not add significantly to the overall
      morbidity or mortality, and in 25% of the patients in whom intraperitoneal
      pathology was not strongly suspected, damage requiring surgery was found. We
      think there is still a place for diagnostic laparotomy in patients with multiple
      trauma.

PMID- 1202236
TI  - Renal trauma and retroperitoneal hematomas-indications for exploration.
AB  - One hundred nineteen patients with renal trauma documented at laparotomy or by an
      abnormal excretory urogram were followed up sufficiently to allow assessment of
      their postinjury course. One-fourth of these patients had a laparotomy and
      Gerota's fascia was opened; one-fourth had a laparotomy and Gerota's fascia was
      not opened; and one-half had no laparotomy. Gerota's fascia was opened only after
      vascular control of the renal pedicle was obtained. Nonetheless, the loss of
      renal tissue in this group was high. Twenty-three of 34 patients (68%) required
      nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy, indicating the severity of their renal
      injuries. The loss of renal tissue was low in the two groups in which Gerota's
      fascia was not opened. Six of 85 patients (7%) developed complications eventually
      requiring nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy; an additional three patients (4%)
      demonstrated loss of renal tissue on followup urograms, the loss being minimal in
      all three cases. The relatively low morbidity in these 85 patients indicates that
      their original renal injuries were, for the most part, less serious than the
      injuries in the group in which Gerota's fascia was opened. This low morbidity
      also indicates that retroperitoneal hematomas in the area of the kidney which are
      nonexpanding, contained, and nonpulsatile need not be routinely explored.

PMID- 1202238
TI  - A controlled evaluation of prophylactic dialysis in post-traumatic acute renal
      failure.

PMID- 1202239
TI  - Two-level disruption of the ankylosed spine: a case report.
AB  - An unusual two-level fracture dislocation of the spine in a patient with
      rheumatoid spondylitis is presented. Thorough clinical and roentgenographic
      examination of the entire vertebral column in recommended in patients with
      rheumatoid spondylitis who have sustained injury.

PMID- 1202240
TI  - Closed flexor profundus injury.

PMID- 1202241
TI  - Alkali lability of bacteriophage phi W-14 DNA.
AB  - The molecular weight of bacteriophage phi W-14 DNA, determined by velocity
      sedimentation in neutral sucrose gradients, was 92 +/- 6 X 10(6). The DNA showed
      marked fragmentation in alkaline sucrose gradients. This fragmentation was not a
      consequence of preexisting single-strand interruptions in the DNA, since thermal
      denaturation of DNA yielded intact single strands. The alpha-putrescinylthymine
      groups in phi W-14 DNA appeared to be labile; some, or parts of some, of these
      groups were cleaved from the DNA in alkali.

PMID- 1202242
TI  - Bacteriophage T4 baseplate components. III. Location and properties of the
      bacteriophage structural thymidylate synthetase.
AB  - Two T4D thymidylate synthetase (td) temperature-sensitive mutants have been
      isolated and characterized. Both mutants produce heat-labile phage particles.
      This observation supports the view that this viral-induced protein is a phage
      structural component. Further, antiserum to td has been shown to block a specific
      step in tail plate morphogenesis. The results indicated that the td protein is
      largely covered by the T4D tail plate gene 11 protein. Since the phageinduced
      dihydrofolate reductase (dfr) also is partially covered by the gene 11 protein,
      it appears that td was adjacent to the tail plate dfr. This location has been
      confirmed by constructing a T4D mutant which is dfrtstdts and showing that these
      two tail plate constituents interact and give altered physical properties to the
      phage particles produced. A structural relationship for the tail plate folate,
      dfr, and td has been reported.

PMID- 1202244
TI  - Complementation between temperature-sensitive and deletion mutants of reovirus.
AB  - A very low level of complementation has been found in conventional crosses
      between various classes of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of reovirus. A more
      definitive test for complementation was devised through a plaque assay on cell
      monolayers mixedly infected with defective reovirions lacking the L1 segment and
      prototype ts mutants from one or other of the known classes of reovirus mutants.
      An increase in the number of plaques on the mixedly infected plates over that on
      control plates infected with defective virions or ts mutants alone indicated that
      the ts mutant had been complemented by the defective virus. Class A, B, D, F, and
      G mutants were complemented at 39 C by the defective viruses, whereas class C and
      E mutants were not. In tests to determine whether complementation was reciprocal
      it was found that the defective virions were complemented by a class G mutant but
      not by the class C mutant. This and previous work (D.A. Spandidos and A. F.
      Graham, 1975) has therefore shown that of the seven known classes of ts mutants
      the class C mutant is the only one that neither complements nor is complemented
      by the defective virions. For this reason the class C ts mutation has been
      assigned to the L1 segment of the viral genome.

PMID- 1202243
TI  - Characterization of the mRNA of influenza virus.
AB  - The kinetics of the appearance of influenza mRNA, the distribution of mRNA
      between free and membrane-associated polyribosomes, its poly(A) content, and the
      extent to which the genome was transcribed into mRNA early in infection were
      determined. Polyribosomes were prepared from influenza virus-infected cells
      labeled for 30-min periods at various times after infection with [3H]uridine.
      Most of the 3H-labeled RNA extracted from these polyribosomes sedimented as a
      heterogeneous 8S to 20S peak in sucrose gradients, and it was largely
      complementary to virion RNA. By the following criteria, the complementary RNA had
      properties normally ascribed to mRNA: (i) it labeled rapidly with [3H]uridine;
      (ii) after glutaraldelyde treatment, it banded with polyribosomes in CsCl density
      gradients; and (iii) it contained poly(A). In chick cells at 37 C, virus mRNA was
      first detectable at 45 min postinfection and reached its maximal rate of
      appearance at 2 to 2.5 h postinfection. The free and membrane-bound polyribosomes
      of infected cells were separated and were found to contain the same classes of
      mRNA. There was no absolute segregation of mRNA sequences into either
      polyribosome class although each probably contained distinct ratios of the
      different mRNA's. From 45 min postinfection onwards, both membrane-bound and free
      polysomal poly(A)-containing RNA contained sequences complementary to at least
      80% of the genome RNA, whereas poly(A)-minus RNA contained sequences
      complementary to 90 to 100% of the genome. There was no evidence for the temporal
      control of transcription of influenza mRNA. At 31 C, when virus development was
      slowed relative to 37 C,complementary RNA first appeared at 1 h postinfection. At
      this time, total polysomal RNA contained sequences complementary to the whole
      genome.

PMID- 1202245
TI  - Purification of influenza viral complementary RNA: its genetic content and
      activity in wheat germ cell-free extracts.
AB  - Influenza viral complementary RNA (cRNA) was purified free from any detectable
      virion-type RNA (vRNA), and its genetic content and activity in wheat germ cell
      free extracts were examined. After phenol-chloroform extraction of cytoplasmic
      fractions from infected cells, poly(A)-containing viral cRNA is found in two
      forms: in single-stranded RNA and associated with vRNA in partially and fully
      double-stranded RNA. To purify single-stranded cRNA free of these double-stranded
      forms, it was necessary to employ, as starting material, RNA fractions in which
      cRNA was predominantly single stranded. Two RNA fractions were successfully
      employed as starting material: polyribosomal RNA and the total cytoplasmic RNA
      from infected cells treated with 100 mug of cycloheximide (CM) per ml at 3 h
      after infection. In WSN virus-infected canine kidney (MDCK) cells, the addition
      of CM at 3 h after infection stimulates the production of cRNA threefold and
      causes a very large increase in the proportion of the cytoplasmic cRNA which is
      single stranded; double-stranded RNA forms are greatly reduced in amount. Total
      cRNA was obtained by oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography, and single-stranded cRNA
      was separated from double-stranded forms by Sepharose 4B chromatography. The cRNA
      preparation purified from polyribosomes consists of 95% single-stranded cRNA,
      with the remaining 5% apparently being double-stranded RNA forms. The cRNA
      preparation purified from CM-treated cells (CM cRNA) is even more pure: 100% of
      the radiolabeled RNA is single-stranded cRNA. Annealing experiments, in which a
      limited amount of 32P-labeled genome RNA was annealed to the cRNA, indicate that
      the purified cRNA contains at least 84 to 90% of the genetic information in the
      vRNA genome. Purified viral cRNA (CM cRNA) is very active in directing the
      synthesis of virus-specific proteins in wheat germ cell-free extracts.

PMID- 1202246
TI  - Regulation of macromolecular synthesis in reovirus-infected L-929 cells I. Effect
      of L-histidinol.
AB  - The histidine analogue L-histidinol, reported by Vaughan and Hansen (1973) to
      establish a potent, readily reversible inhibition of eukaryotic protein synthesis
      in vivo, was used to investigate the regulation of macromolecular synthesis in
      reovirus-infected L-929 cells. The addition of L-histidinol to normal L cells led
      to a total inhibition of protein synthesis. The inhibition appeared to be a
      consequence neither of isotope dilution resulting from elevated endogenous amino
      acids nor of an inability of treated cells to accumulate exogenous amino acids.
      Addition of L-histidine to histidinol-arrested cells resulted in a complete
      recovery of protein synthesis. Similarly, protein synthesis in reovirus-infected
      L cells examined 17 h postinfection (31 C) was totally inhibited by histidinol
      treatment and was readily reversed by the addition of histidine. Reovirus
      infected cells treated with histidinol had an essentially unaltered capacity to
      synthesize reovirus single-stranded RNA relative to unperturbed cultures but a
      diminishing ability to maintain genome RNA synthesis. Addition of L-histidine to
      arrested cultures led to a complete recovery of genome RNA synthesis. The L
      histidinol-mediated arrest of protein synthesis was both very effective and
      easily reversed, suggesting the general applicability of this novel inhibitor to
      investigations of regulation of macromolecular synthesis in both normal and virus
      infected eukaryotic cells.

PMID- 1202247
TI  - Physical properties of moloney murine leukemia virus high-molecular-weight RNA: a
      two subunit structure.
AB  - The high-molecular-weight RNA of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV) was
      analyzed by sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation. Molecular weights of
      7.2 x 10(6) and 3.4 x 10(6) were found for the native and subunit forms,
      respectively, indicating that the native structure is a dimer. S20,w and
      frictional coefficients were determined for MuLV RNA by analytical velocity
      centrifugation as a function of ionic strength. The apparent S20,w of native MuLV
      RNA was 47.3, 57.4, and 66.5 in 0.01, 0.1, and 0.20 M Na+, respectively; the
      corresponding frictional coefficients were 5.44, 4.48, and 3.87. Native RNA was
      estimated by circular dichroism to be 85% helical, whereas denatured RNA was 54%
      helical. Thermal denaturation profiles were obtained from uv absorbance scans.
      Melting temperatures of 57 and 68 C were obtained for high-molecular-weight RNA
      in 0.01 M Na+ and 0.122 M Na+, 1mM Mg2+, respectively. van't Hoff plots of the
      thermal denaturation data gave enthalpies for the helix-coil transition of 21,600
      cal (ca. 90,500 J) per mol of cooperatively melting unit in high salt and 19,600
      cal (ca. 82,100 J) per mol in low salt, consistent with both base stacking and
      pairing. The melting of Mu LV RNA occurred over a broad temprange and van't Hoff
      plots were linear over most of the melting range, indicating a noncooperative
      process of helix stabilization.

PMID- 1202248
TI  - Relationships among the polypeptides of Newcastle disease virus.
AB  - We have studied the relationships among the polypeptides of Newcastle disease
      virus by using both kinetic and tryptic peptide analyses. The results of our
      tryptic peptide analyses suggest that there are at least six unique viral
      polypeptides--L, HN, FO(F), NP, M, and a 47,000-dalton polypeptide. The small
      virion glycopolypeptide F is related to FO, a glycopolypeptide found only in
      infected cells. In addition, several smaller polypeptides, including a 53,000
      dalton polypeptide found both in purified virions and in infected cells, are
      related to the nucleocaspid protein. Kinetic analysis of each viral polypeptide
      reveals that all of the major viral polypeptides, with the possible exception of
      L, are stable after an amino acid chase. A precursor-product relationship between
      FO and F was not demonstrable by pulse-chase experiments. Also, almost the same
      relative amount of F, the putative product, was present in infected cultures
      after either 5 or 30 min of radioisotopic labeling. These results suggest that FO
      is processed rapidly.

PMID- 1202249
TI  - Tryptic peptide analysis on nonstructural and structural precursor proteins from
      Semliki Forest virus mutant-infected cells.
AB  - Analysis of [35S]methionine-labeled tryptic peptides of the large proteins
      induced by temperature-sensitive mutants of Semliki Forest virus was carried out.
      The 130,000-molecular-weight protein induced by ts-2 and ts-3 mutants contained
      the peptides of capsid protein and of both major envelope proteins E1 and E2. The
      ts-3-induced protein with molecular weight of 97,000 contained peptides of the
      capsid and envelope protein E2 but not those of E1. Two proteins with molecular
      weights of 78,000 and 86,000 from ts-1-infected cells did not contain the
      peptides of the virion structural proteins. They are evidently expressions of the
      nonstructural part of the 42S RNA genome of Semliki Forest virus.

PMID- 1202250
TI  - Identification of P48 and P54 as components of bacteriophage T4 baseplates.
AB  - The involvement of two bacteriophage T4 gene products in the initiation of T4
      tail tube and sheath polymerization on mature baseplates has been studied by
      radioautography of acrylamide gels of various partially completed tail
      structures. The products of genes 48 and 54 (P48[the nomenclature P48 refers to
      the protein product of bacteriophage T4 gene 48] and P54), which are known to be
      required for the synthesis of mature baseplates, have been shown to be structural
      components of the baseplate. These gene products have molecular weights of 42,000
      and 33,000, respectively. The addition of P54 to the baseplate not only permits
      the polymerization of the core protein, P19, onto the baseplate, but also caused
      the disappearance of a polypeptide of molecular weight about 15,000 from the
      supernatant fraction of infected cells. Another gene product, P27, has been
      identified in the crude extracts of infected cells. This gene product, which is
      required for the synthesis of baseplate structures, has the same mobility as one
      of the unidentified structural polypeptides of the baseplate and is therefore
      probably also a baseplate component.

PMID- 1202252
TI  - Lethal effect of fresh sea water on Vibrio parahaemolyticus and isolation of
      Bdellovibrio parasitic against the organism.
AB  - Halophilic Bdellovibrio, which is parasitic and lytic to Vibrio
      pharahaemolyticus, was ioslated from fresh sea water in the winter. It had a
      lethal effect on V. parahaemolyticus. The optimum temperature ofr multiplication
      ranged from 25 C to 30 C and growth was not observed at 35 C. Plaque numbers of
      the isolate reached a maximum in 17 hr under conditions of shaking at 25 C in
      autoclaved sea water supplemented with V. parahaemolyticus cells, and were as
      high as ten times the number of host cells. With respect to the host-suspended
      medium, the isolate multiplied in natural sea water ten times more than in
      Herbst's artificial sea water but did not grow in saline. V. parahaemolyticus,
      Vibrio alginolyticus and several species in the Vibrio genus were susceptible to
      the parasite on the basis of plaque formation but Escherichia coli and
      Staphylococcus aureus were not.

PMID- 1202251
TI  - Adenovirus assembly: self-assembly of partially digested hexons.
AB  - Papainic hydrolysis of adenovirus type 2 hexon capsomers was apparently limited
      and induced self-aggregation of hexons in a preferred oligomeric species, hexon
      trimers, sedimenting at about 19X, and retaining their immunological properties.
      These hexon trimers were composed of two classes of trimer molecules with
      different electric charges. The relevance of this trimer aggregation phenomenon
      to the adenovirus assembly process is discussed.

PMID- 1202253
TI  - Permselectivity of the glomerular capillary wall: III. Restricted transport of
      polyanions.
AB  - The clearance of albumin relative to that of inulin is greatly exceeded by that
      of uncharged dextrans of the same effective molecular radius (approximately 36A),
      less than 0.01 vs. 0.20 in normal hydropenic rats. This marked difference in
      fractional clearances of albumin and neutral dextran suggests that some factor in
      addition to molecular size retards the transglomerular passage of albumin. Since
      albumin is a polyanion in physiological solution, we tested the effect of charge
      on macromolecular permeability by infusing the anionic polymer, dextran sulfate
      (approximately 2.3 sulfate groups per glycosyl residue), into seven normal
      hypropenic Munich-Wistar rats. For dextran sulfate with an effective radius of
      approximately 36A, the fractional clearance was reduced essentially to that found
      for albumin (approximately 0.01). This enhanced restriction of dextran sulfate,
      relative to neutral dextran, was also noted for smaller and larger dextran
      sulfate molecules. These differences in the transport of dextran sulfate vs.
      dextran suggest electrostatic repulsion of charged macromolecules by some
      component of the glomerular capillary wall, perhaps the negatively charged
      sialoprotein which coats glomerular epithelial cells. Loss of this polyanionic
      coat, as has been reported to occur in proteinuric disorders, might thereby
      account for the enhanced transmural passage of albumin.

PMID- 1202254
TI  - Ultrastructural demonstration of a connection between afferent and efferent
      juxtamedullary glomerular arterioles.

PMID- 1202255
TI  - Effect of acute and chronic metabolic acidosis on serum immunoreactive
      parathyroid hormone in man.
AB  - The effects of acute and chronic metabolic acidosis on serum immunoreactive
      parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were studied. Acute metabolic acidosis induced by
      administration of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) produced a barely detectable increase
      in serum iPTH. Chronic NH4Cl administration produced a marked elevation of serum
      iPTH that was well correlated with the magnitude of acid-induced hypercalciuria
      but not with the degree of acidosis. Acetazolamide administration produced an
      equivalent degree of acidosis, but hypercalciuria was minimal and iPTH increased
      only marginally. Methionine administration caused moderate hypercalciuria and a
      significant but moderate increase in iPTH. Chronic NH4Cl-induced acidosis
      produced no hypercalciuria when dietary sodium intake was rigidly restricted, and
      under these conditions serum iPTH remained normal. When sodium intake was
      suddenly increased while maintaining the acid load, hypercalciuria appeared and
      was followed by progressive rise in serum iPTH equivalent to that observed during
      chronic NH4Cl-induced acidosis in subjects consuming salt ad lib. These results
      indicate that chronic acidosis elevates iPTH mainly by producing hypercalciuria
      and that acidosis itself is not a primary stimulus to PTH secretion.

PMID- 1202256
TI  - [Vascular pseudopapillitis (author's transl)].
AB  - Besides the true ischaemias of the optic nerve, which explain the post
      haemorrhagic amaurosis, the low tension glaucoma and the open angle glaucoma,
      there are two varieties of vascular pseudopapillitis. First the variety due to
      arteriosclerosis, which is characterized by a palid oedema of the disc, followed
      by optic atrophy, a diminution of the vision field, as well as by signs of
      arteriosclerosis at the biopsy of the temporal artery. The second variety is the
      temporal arteritis, which is also characterized by a palid oedema of the disc,
      followed by optic atrophy, a visual loss, which is often complete, a marked rise
      of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a typical granulomatous arteritis at
      the biopsy of the temporal artery. These two varieties are due to an involvement
      either of the short posterior ciliary arteries or of the central vascular or pial
      system of the optic nerve.

PMID- 1202258
TI  - [Contribution to the therapy of epiphora (author's transl)].
AB  - A temporary displacement of a fold of the conjunctiva for the under lacrimal
      point is a cause for epiphora.

PMID- 1202257
TI  - [Long-term results of laser-trabecular-puncture (author's transl)].
AB  - A report on 38 eyes with glaucoma simplex that were treated by laser-trabecular
      puncture 2 years ago is given. By this method one attempts to perforate the
      trabecular meshwork by means of a laser beam. Gonioscopy revealed that the pores
      had become occluded by scar tissue and goniosynechiae. In only 3 eyes (7.9%) was
      the intraocular tension lowered. The hypothesis is made, that in these cases
      contracture of scar tissue in the iris tissue led to a pull on the trabecular
      network and hence to an improvement of liquor drainage.

PMID- 1202259
TI  - [Progressive lethal ulceration of the nose (Kraus-Chatellier) (author's transl)].
AB  - Following attacks of maxillary sinusitis and pneumonia ocular signs (epiphora and
      diplopia) developed in a 39-years-old female patient. An ulceration of the skin
      over the left lacrimal sac with destruction of the lacrimal bone gave way to a
      fistula to the nose; and simultaneously a left sclerokeratitis developed. Later a
      similar fistula on the right side occured together with destruction of the nasal
      bones, left phthisis bulbi and skin ulcerations on the lower lid. Histologically
      there was a non-specific chronic inflammation compatible with the diagnosis
      granuloma gangraenescens nasi ("progressive lethal ulceration of the nose") but
      no evidence for Wegeners granulomatosis. Under immunosuppressive therapy the
      condition improved and the patient was able to return to work.

PMID- 1202260
TI  - [Case report on a Toxocara-canis infection of the human eye (solitary granuloma)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Description of one case of an intraocular Toxocara-canis infection. It deals with
      a so-called solitary granuloma at the posterior pole of the eye. An infection
      with this parasit of world-wide distribution is probably more frequently than
      commonly supposed. The prognosis of the disease is unfavourable in most cases.
      The diagnoses of a larva migrans visceralis infection is possible by Lamina's
      Microprecipitation-Test on the living larva. It is an immune-biological and
      species specific test. The treatment is Minzolum? perhaps in combination with a
      corticosteroid or photocoagulation.

PMID- 1202261
TI  - [Improvement of visual acuity in lens opacities using an optic aperture (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A diaphragm, placed in front of the eye acts as an artificial pupil as well as a
      field stop. The improvement of visual performance in the presence of opacities is
      due to its action as a field stop.

PMID- 1202262
TI  - [Retinoblastoma in an adult (author's transl)].
AB  - A rare case of late occurrence of retinoblastoma in a 42-year-old man is
      described. In conformity with similar findings in the literature difficulties in
      clinical diagnosis and complications typical for late manifestation of this
      tumour are given. Similarities and differences in histological picture compared
      with retinoblastoma in childhood are presented. Considering the tumour's late
      occurrence the histological peculiarities of the place of origin as one of the
      factors of possible histogenesis is stressed.

PMID- 1202263
TI  - [Chamber-angle photos with the Zeiss fundus camera (author's transl)].
AB  - A new device for holding a Zeiss Fundus Camera (Bed-Statif) is described. This
      device overcomes earlier difficulties, through which too much distance between
      the patient and the photo resulted. This appliance allows perfect goniophotos to
      be taken -- as shown by the numerous illustrations.

PMID- 1202264
TI  - [Experimental findings and clinical experiences with diamond knives (author's
      transl)].
AB  - This is a report about two clinically and experimentally tested new diamond
      knives. With special polishing methods one can get such a sharpness that the
      necessary cutting pressure is two to three times less than with the usual razor
      blade.

PMID- 1202265
TI  - [An eye-model to show fundamental optical properties as related to refraction and
      glasses-testing (author's transl)].
AB  - A new model of the eye is presented, that can demonstrate quantitatively the
      principal optical concepts such as focal distance, refractive power, principal
      point, nodal point etc. Ametropias and their correction can be shown. This model
      can be used to illustrate the dependence of the vertex distance on the effective
      refractive power of a spectacle lens and the influence of a spectacle lens on the
      image size on the retina. The phenomena of retinoscopy can also be demonstrated
      very clearly. An instruction manual for the model exists that contains theory,
      control tests and suggested experiments.

PMID- 1202266
TI  - [Experiences with the non-contact-tonometer (author's transl)].
AB  - The Non-Contact-Tonometer as developed by the American Optical Corporation, is in
      use superior to the traditional methods of intraocular-pressure measurements
      according to Schiotz and Goldmann: Without any manipulation on the eye the intra
      ocular pressure can be measured rapidly and easily. Owing to the construction of
      the tonometer however measurements are only possible with smooth corneae. In
      addition to this the results of measurement with the NCT are not as exact as
      those of the traditional methods. Finally there is up to the present no
      possibility of standardising the new tonometer.

PMID- 1202267
TI  - [Lasermicrosurgery in glaucoma (Lasertrabeculopuncture I1LTP], tangential
      irisbasecoagulation [TLC], removal of miosis and shifting of pupils) (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The long-term results of Lasertrabeculopuncture (LTP) and of tangential
      irisbasecoagulation (TIC) according to experience of 4 years are presented and
      critically discussed in comparison with the reports of other authors. The removal
      of miosis and the shifting of displaced pupils in glaucomatous and cataract eyes
      is demonstrated. The long-term results of other interventions in glaucoma by
      lasermicrosurgery are announced.

PMID- 1202268
TI  - [Principle and results of a new "non-contact-tonometer" are discussed (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Comparing measurements with Non-Contact-Tonometer and handapplanation tonometer
      on 462 eyes with normal and elevated intraocular tension are statistically
      evaluated. The 2-s-limits for normal i.o. pressure at +/- 6.52 mm Hg (+/- 8.6
      mbar), for elevated intraocular pressure +/- 13.2 mm Hg (+/- 17.6 mbar). This
      means less reliability than conventional applanation tonometers or even Schiotz
      tonometers. The unability to read the tension when the corneal surface is rough
      means remarkable disadvantages to clinical use.

PMID- 1202269
TI  - [Soft contactlenses in general practice (author's transl)].
AB  - In contrast to the hard lenses the soft lens has enough permeability for oxygen
      and water-soluble substances, whereas high molecular substances, bacteria and
      virus cannot penetrate the soft lenses, so long as their surfaces are intact. The
      two principal production methods, the spin cast method and the lathe-turned
      method are compared. The duration of wearing of the soft lens depends on the
      deposits of proteins from the tears on the surface of the lens and the
      desinfection method. The daily boiling of the lenses shortens their useful life,
      while chemical desinfection causes besides bacteriolysis, damage of the corneal
      cell protein. The new cleaners on the base of proteolytic plant enzymes promise
      good results. For the optical correction of astigmatism with more than 1 cyl,
      soft lenses with conic outer surface are used or combinations of a soft and a
      hard lens (Duosystem). The therapeutic use of soft lenses has as aim: protection
      of the cornea against mechanical irritation, release of pain, protracted
      administration output of medicaments. Further indications for use: aseptic
      corneal inflammation and corneal defects.

PMID- 1202270
TI  - [Chiasma injury following skull trauma (author's transl)].
AB  - After a discussion of the pathomechanism of frontobasal cranial injury with a
      consecutive chiasmal lesion and diabetes insipidus due to a fracture of the basis
      of the skull, a personal observation of bitemporal hemianopia with a transient
      diabetes insipidus after a frontal motorcycle crash is recorded. A short survey
      of the literature shows the controversial opinions on traumatogenic lesions of
      the chiasma, which may be injured directly or the bitemporal hemianopia is due to
      a posttraumatic vascular disturbance. For the case described by the author
      primary tearing of the chiasma due to sudden applanation of the skull in the
      frontal region with burstfractures in the anterior cranial fossa is assumed.

PMID- 1202271
TI  - [Temporal arteritis, clinical picture, treatment and prognosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 32 patients are described, who 1971-1974 were hospitalized because of temporal
      arteritis. The admissions diagnoses were: 5 temporal arteritis. 7 Neuroretinitis.
      4 Blood vessel obstruction. 2 Cerebral tumor. 14 Vision disturbances up to sudden
      blindness of unknown cause. In the early stages when intermittent visual
      disturbances with vague headaches of older patients (average age 68 years) are
      present, a temporal arteritis is often not recognised. In the region of the
      papilla the retinal arteries show obvious luminal narrowing. The papilla is
      already early on somewhat blurred and oedematous. The complaints continue
      bilaterally with intervals from days to months. Hence the treatment: bilateral
      resection of the temporal artery. Histologically: from our 32 patients 27 showed
      the classical picture of "giant-cell arteritis" with chronic inflammatory
      reaction of all layers of the wall and partial to complete obstruction of the
      vessel lumen. Local therapy: parabulbar application of cortisone. General
      therapy: Daily rheomacrodes infusions, Soludecortin, 100 mg per day (with latter
      "tailing off") and strophantin when the patient is not already digitalised.

PMID- 1202272
TI  - [A light-independent function of the retina of rabbits. Examination on the
      energetic part of the visual pathway (author's transl)].
AB  - In this study a light-independent function of the retina of rabbits could be
      proved. For this purpose, the energetic part of the visual pathway was utilized,
      and its influence on the maturation of the testicles was examined. As a criterion
      of maturation, the pattern of the phosphatid-fatty acids was ascertained. The
      subdivision of the energetic part of the visual pathway into a photo-energetic
      and an autonomic-energetic component is proposed.

PMID- 1202273
TI  - [Investigation of the state of the cell membrane and the mechanism of autolysis
      of the cornea in the process of conservation (author's transl)].
AB  - Questions of the mechanism of autolysis of the corneal tissue were examined on 72
      dog eye balls, which had been kept in a damp chamber for 3 hours, 2 days and 15
      days. The method of chemoluminescence found especial importance here, because it
      made possible to analyse the state of the functioning cell membrane and to gain
      information of bio-energetic processes which take place in the lipoprotein
      complexes of the cells and their organelles in the corneal tissue. From the
      results obtained it can be assumed, that in the mechanisme of autolysis
      disturbances of the self-regulating oxidation of the lipoidstructure-elements are
      of great importance in the process of survival and the conservation of corneal
      tissue.

PMID- 1202274
TI  - [Hydrostatic pressures within the eye (author's transl)].
AB  - In the eye all membranes are more or less under tension, as elsewhere in the
      body. Hence the hydrostatic pressure in the choroid is less than in the retina.
      The available pressure difference within the bloodvessels would be less for the
      retina than for the choroid, if the arteries to the retina did not have a much
      larger bore than those to the choroid. Hence the bloodstream for the retina is
      slower and fluorescein appears later in the retina than in the choroid. There is
      a flow of tissue fluid from the choroid to the retina. It is absorbed by the
      retinal vessels. The larger the flow, the larger are the retinal veins, till
      retinal oedema occurs. Then the tissue pressure within the retina rises sharply
      and the capillaries become strangulated. But a few capillaries remain open and
      are blown up to arterio-venular shunts. Micro-aneurysmata arise as abortive
      vessel sprouts. It is plausible that lightcoagulation sticks the lamellae of
      Bruch's membrane together, to the extent that the development of oedema is
      arrested.

PMID- 1202275
TI  - [Echographic studies in cases of excentric posterior scleral ectasias (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Excentric posterior scleral ectasias are rarely recognized correctly. They can
      cause uncharacteristic visual disturbances and refractive scotomas, which may
      cause a mis-diagnosis of bitemporal hemianopia. In this report 10 such cases are
      shown. The diagnosis was verified by the ultrasonographic measurement of the
      meridional length of the eye. Posterior scleral ectasias of maximum 4.5 mm were
      found.

PMID- 1202276
TI  - [The relationships between left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in
      mitral and aortic regurgitation (author's transl)].
AB  - In 2 groups of patients with mitral valvular incompetence (MI, n equals 20) and
      aortic valvular incompetence (AI, n equals 22) intracardiac pressures as well as
      left ventricular volumes (enddiastolic volume, endsystolic volume, stroke volume,
      ejection fraction, regurgitant volume) were determined during routine left heart
      catheterization and left ventriculography. Data obtained were compared with a
      normal group (N, n equals 20). 1. Enddiastolic volume was increased by 32 per
      cent (MI) and 180 per cent (AI) respectively in comparison to normal. Endsystolic
      volume was increased by 85 per cent (MI) and 113 per cent (AI). Total stroke
      volume exhibited increases by 11 per cent (MI) and 86 per cent (AI) respectively.
      Regurgitant volume averaged 64 per cent (AI) of total stroke volume, and 47 per
      cent in MI. Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in both groups by
      about 12-14 per cent. 2. enddiastolic volume was significantly dependent on the
      amount of regurgitant volume in both groups (MI, AI). Likewise total stroke
      volume increased with increments in enddiastolic volume. This increase was far
      mor pronounced (up to 250 per cent of normal) in AI in comparison to MI and may
      be referred to an effective contribution of the Frank-Starling-Straub-mechanism,
      induced by increased preload following regurgitation. There existed no
      correlation between enddiastolic volume or regurgitant volume and the effective
      forward stroke volume and other parameters of forward pump function (effective
      cardiac output, cardiac index, external cardiac work). Left ventricular
      compliance, as determined by diastolic pressure-volume relationships, was nearly
      the same in the 3 groups (N, MI, AI). 3. Left ventricular ejection fraction was
      nearly unchanged with increments in enddiastolic volume over a range of
      enddiastolic volumes up to 400 ml. At higher enddiastolic volume (is greater than
      400 ml) decreases were found. In the failing heart with AI left ventricular
      ejection fraction was reduced even at low enddiastolic volume, exerted by
      decreases of fibre shortening and contractility. In contrast, in MI ejection
      fraction decreased with increments of enddiastolic volume over the whole range
      investigated. The increase in total stroke volume in both groups therefore was
      produced by increases of enddiastolic volume and to a very small extent by an
      increase of the ejection fraction. 4. The large contractility reserve in
      compensated AI may be referred to the altered contraction mechanism in aortic
      valvular regurgitation associated with i) decrese of isovolumic pressure
      development and increase of isotonic contraction, ii) increase of diastolic fibre
      stretch (preload) and iii) decrease of mean wall tension. Contractility reserve
      was essentially influenced by myocardial contractility. With decreases of
      contractility consecutively decreases of the total and the effective pump
      function of the left ventricle may occur despite unchanged contraction form and
      left ventricular dimensions.

PMID- 1202279
TI  - [Serum lipase and amylase activity after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Serum activities of lipase and amylase were measured in 11 patients at short time
      intervals (-10 min; + 10, 30, 60 min; 2,3,4,6,8,24,48 hours) after an endoscopic
      retrograde pancreatography. Lipase activity increased rapidly in 9 patients in 10
      min after the contrast instillation and obtained its maximum at the first hour of
      investigation. Amylase activity elevation occurred in 5 patients only and was
      significantly lower than that of lipase with a flat peak at 1-6 hours.

PMID- 1202278
TI  - [Hemodynamics, left ventricular volumes and compliance in 167 patients with
      congenital and acquired heart disease (author's transl)].
AB  - In 167 patients with congenital and acquired heart disease (ventricular septum
      defect (VSD), atrial septum defect (ASD), mitral stenosis (MS), mitral
      insufficiency (MI), combined mitral stenosis and insufficiency (MV) aortic
      stenosis (AS), aortic insufficiency (AI), combined aortic stenosis and
      insufficiency (AV), idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (HOK) hemodynamic
      measures (arterial pressure, right and left heart pressures, cardiac output,
      cardiac index, stroke volume, cardiac work), left ventricular volumes
      (endiastolic volume, endsystolic volume, ejection fraction, regurgitant flow) and
      diastolic pressure-volume relationships (on the basis of diastolic pressure
      volume changes) were determined during routine right and left heart
      catheterization and left ventriculography. 1...

PMID- 1202280
TI  - Giant mitochondria in the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules of
      diseased human kidneys.
AB  - Electron microscopy of 100 renal biopsies obtained at random from patients with
      various renal disorders revealed gigantic mitochondria in the cytoplasm of the
      epithelial cells of the proximal tubules in 36 cases (36 per cent). These giant
      mitochondria are usually round, ovoid, spindle-shaped or rod-shaped often
      reaching the size of the cell nucleus, and appear singularly and sporadically in
      the epithelial cell lining of the tubules. Once recognized by electron microscopy
      they are easily identified in routine histologic preparations and show the same
      staining characteristics as other mitochondria. In electron microscopy, giant
      mitochondria have a double limiting membrane, abundant matrical substance, and
      few remnants or cristae. In addition, they are characterized by (1) intramatrical
      irregularly branching fibrils approximately 35 A thick, (2) intramatrical bundles
      of straight filaments approximately 60 to 70 A thick, (3) intramatrical electron
      opaque globules up to 0.6 mum., and (4) helical filaments in focally dilated
      spaces of the outer compartment. The significance of such a remarkable
      morphologic change of tubular mitochondria and the nature of the unusual
      components are at present unknown, but an abnormal metabolic condition is
      considered in its pathogenesis. Nothing specific has yet been found in the
      relationship between the positive appearance of giant mitochondria and types of
      renal disorders or clinical and laboratory data. It may be postulated from the
      present study that "giant mitochondrial tubulopathy" is a rather common,
      characteristic, and noteworthy change in the histopathology of renal tubule.

PMID- 1202281
TI  - Foreign serum-induced pancreatitis in mice. I. A new model of acute pancreatitis.
AB  - Within a few hours after one injection of fresh human serum by the
      intraperitoneal route only, mice developed pancreatic acinar cell necrosis and
      inflammation, fat necrosis, elevated serum amylase and a shocklike state. The
      extent of these lesions and mortalities were roughly dose dependent and were not
      noticeably modified by either different fasting cycles or pilocarpine. Acinar
      cell changes and necrosis usually developed first in subserosal acini. The
      earliest ultrastructural change detected was nonspecific swelling of cytoplasmic
      compartments which was reversible but also preceded the cytoplasmic degradation
      that developed in cells undergoing necrosis. Notably, zymogen granule dissolution
      neither preceded nor accompanied this swelling, but developed pari passu with
      cell degradation. Occasionally, intact granules were found in necrotic cells.
      Serum was cytotoxic for isolated acinar cells in vitro, even in the presence of
      soybean trypsin inhibitor. These results (1) indicate that the injury mechanism
      in vivo is directly initiated through contact of serum with acinar cell surfaces
      and is independent of zymogen secretions and trypsin activation, and (2) suggest
      that a rapid disturbance in cell membrane permeability results, the magnitude of
      which being the primary determinant of cell death. Pancreatic toxicity of human
      serum was abolished by aging, heating, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, heparin,
      zymosan, cobra venom factor, and absorptions with mouse red blood cells, against
      which fresh, unabsorbed serum was hemolytic. Pancreatic toxicity in vitro and, to
      a much lesser extent, in vivo was reconstituted by combining the red blood cell
      absorbed serum with either heated serum, or with IgM-enriched, but not IgG serum
      fractions. Fresh cord serum was virtually nontoxic and could substitute for
      absorbed serum in such reconstitutions. These results indicate that the injury
      mechanism involves at least two serum components. By both circumstance and
      analogy, other results and a review of other examples of foreign sera toxicity
      suggest that they are components of a complement-dependent, cytotoxic heterophile
      antibody system. The relevance of this odd phenomenon is that it offers a simple
      model of acute pancreatitis, contributes to the debunking of traditional notions
      of the pivotal role of zymogens in the initiation of acute pancreatitis, and
      hints at a potential pathogenetic connection between pancreatitis and products of
      immune or related reactions.

PMID- 1202282
TI  - Primary demyelination in Theiler's virus infection. An ultrastructural study.
AB  - Theiler's virus infection in SJL/J mice was studied ultrastructurally at
      subsequent intervals after intracerebral inoculation. Extensive spinal cord
      lesions consisting of leptomeningeal and white matter mononuclear cell
      infiltrates with concomitant primary demylination were seen by 15 days. Stripping
      of myelin lamellae by invading mononuclear cell processes and vesicular
      disruption of myelin were demonstrated to be the patterns of myelin breakdown.
      Oligodendrocytes in the vicinity of demyelinating lesions never showed
      degenerative changes, and viral inclusions could not be found in any cells in the
      central nervous system. Remyelinating axons, first detected 21 days after
      infections, were more frequently seen in the late phase of the disease when
      conspicuous gliosis was also present. Active demyelination could still be
      observed as late as one year after infection at which time inflammation was
      decreased. However, plasma cells were relatively more numerous at later times
      after infection. These ultrastructural findings are similar to experimental
      allergic encephalomyelitis, and suggest an immune-mediated mechanism of
      demyelination in Theiler's virus infection.

PMID- 1202283
TI  - Effects of variations in calcium concentration on parathyroid morphology in
      vitro.
AB  - Morphologic examinations, including the use of the potassium pyroantimonate
      technique and x-ray analysis for ultrastructural localization of cations, were
      carried out on parathyroid glands from Mongolian gerbils cultured for 2 to 6
      days. At a high calcium concentration most (suppressed) chief cells were
      characterized by a moderate or high cytoplasmic density, inconspicuous
      endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, numerous often enlarged mitochondria,
      and the occasional occurrence of accumulations of secretory granules, storage
      granules, and lysosomal bodies, whereas other (atrophic) cells were smaller and
      still more dense. At a low concentration of calcium some (stimulated)  chief
      cells were characterized by a low cytoplasmic density, normal or structurally
      altered mitochondria, and smooth surface vacuoles occasionally connected with
      mitochondria, whereas the main features of other (active) chief cells were a
      moderate or low cytoplasmic density and a prominent endoplasmic reticulum and
      Golgi complex. Calcium-containing precipitates were found both inter- and
      intracellularly; the latter were mainly localized to nuclei, mitochondria, and
      rough surfaced vacuoles, and in stimulated cells also to the smooth surfaced
      vacuoles and the cytosol. Degenerative changes were seen, mainly in the
      suppressed cells; massive calcium loading in mitochondria seemed to precede
      degeneration and necrosis of whole cells. The findings indicate that clear
      differences exist between the different chief cell variants both as to the
      distribution of calcium-containing precipitates and to the structural appearance,
      and that these differences are influenced by the ambient calcium concentration.
      Suppressed cells occasionally seem to accumulate hormone which later may undergo
      lysosomal digestion. Calcium might be accumulated intracellularly, mainly in
      mitochondria of suppressed cells.

PMID- 1202277
TI  - Regulation of circulating parathyroid hormone levels: normal physiology and
      consequences in disorders of mineral metabolism.
AB  - A review of the chemistry, the biosynthesis, the regulation of the secretion and
      the metabolism of parathyroid hormone (PTH) provides a background to problems
      related to the determination of immunoreactive PTH levels in the blood of normal
      subjects and of patients suffering from disorders of mineral metabolism.
      Immunoreactive PTH measurements have to be interpreted in the light of the
      immunoheterogeneity encountered and the occurrence of several circulating PTH
      species with different molecular weights and immunological properties.

PMID- 1202284
TI  - Induction of unusual tumors in vivo by rat fibroblasts treated with
      diepoxybutane.
AB  - Diploid rat embryo fibroblasts exposed to diepoxybutane, a carcinogenic
      alkylating agent, exhibited chromosome aberrations and a high proportion of
      tetraploid cells immediately after treatment. Following a prolonged period of
      carcinogen-free growth, a diepoxybutane-treated cuture showed morphologic
      transformation and produced transplantable malignant tumors upon inoculation into
      neonatal rats. Morphologic and histochemical characteristics of the tumors
      derived from cells exposed to diepoxybutane in culture were also found in tumors
      of animals exposed directly to this carcinogen. The tumors from diepoxybutane
      treated cell cultures were composed of highly anaplastic giant cells with
      centrally located cytoplasmic inclusions. Clusters of identical cells were found
      in some of the tumors obtained by direct in vivo treatment of rats with
      diepoxybutane. The morphologic similarities of these tumors suggest that similar
      processes of cellular evolution to malignancy occur in cell culture systems and
      in vivo.

PMID- 1202285
TI  - Crescents in diabetic glomerulopathy. Incidence and clinical significance.
AB  - Crescents, defined as any proliferative or fibrous space occupying reaction of
      the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule, occur as a regular and integral feature
      of the glomerular changes of diabetes mellitus. The frequency of crescents and
      adhesions to the capsule increases with increasing total severity of diabetic
      glomerular and vascular disease in glomeruli with mild-moderate diffuse
      glomerulosclerosis (GS), severe diffuse GS, and nodular GA. The high frequency
      (greater than 90 per cent) of crescents and adhesions in glomeruli with exudative
      lesions is unrelated to over-all severity of diabetic renal disease. The 8.73 per
      cent of glomeruli with exudative lesions had 45 per cent of the total crescents
      observed. The mechanism of crescent formation in diabetes is probably similar to
      the proposed pathogenesis of crescents in other renal diseases. The underlying
      injury in the glomerular capillaries in diabetes is mainly the "exudative
      lesion." The percentage of diabetic glomeruli with crescents correlated better
      with blood urea nitrogen and creatinine that did the percentage of end stage
      glomeruli (a measure of severity of vascular disease), the percentage of diabetic
      glomeruli with severe diffuse GS, the percentage of diabetic glomeruli with
      nodular GS, or the percentage of diabetic glomeruli with exudative lesions. The
      percentage of diabetic glomeruli with crescents correlated better with severity
      of vascular disease than did any of the other diabetic glomerular changes. No
      correlation existed between incidence of crescents and "capsular drops."

PMID- 1202286
TI  - Morphometric and autoradiographic study of developing ventricular and atrial
      myocardium in fetal rats.
AB  - The ventricular and atrial myocardia of 19- to 21-day-old rat fetuses have been
      studied by electron microscopic morphometry and quantitative autoradiography
      following the injection of 3H-leucine. The myocytes in both these regions contain
      numerous myofibrils located predominantly near the sarcolemma and oriented
      parallel to each other and to the long axis of the cell. The width of myofibrils
      at this stage of development is 0.428 +/- 0.240 mum. in the ventricle and 0.365
      +/- 0.185 mum. in the atrium. The volume fractions of myofibrils, mitochondria,
      smooth endoplasmic reticulum, sarcoplasmic matrix, and sarcolemma in ventricular
      myocytes are nearly equal to the corresponding fractions in atrial cells. A
      similarity between ventricular and atrial myocytes was also found in the
      distribution of newly synthesized proteins as indicated autoradiographically by
      the concentration of grains over various sarcoplasmic structures. In both tissues
      the concentration of grains was consistently above average over the sarcolemma,
      smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and myofibrils; average over the mitochondria; and
      below average in association with the sarcoplasmic matrix. The specificity of
      this autoradiographic procedure for labeled amino acids actually incorporated
      into protein was tested biochemically, and it was found that glutaraldehyde
      paraformaldehyde fixation leads to a negligible contamination with non
      specifically bound leucine. It is suggested that the high concentration of
      protein labeling near the sarcolemma is related to the imminent development of
      the T-system and its associated channels of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 1202288
TI  - On the dynamical realization of automata.

PMID- 1202287
TI  - Alterations of the renal papilla during mercuric chloride-induced acute tubular
      necrosis.
AB  - Marked morphologic changes were seen in all structural elements of the renal
      papilla during mercuric chloride-induced acute tubular necrosis. Expect for the
      descriptions of increased numbers of leukocytes within the medullary vasa recta,
      papillary changes have not been described previously. The techniques used in this
      study included light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission
      electron microscopy. The renal interstitial cells developed an extremely
      irregular contour and were penetrated by large irregular cavelike structures. A
      marked decrease occurred in the size and number of the cytoplasmic lipid droplets
      in these cells. The volume of the Golgi area, and of the rough and smooth
      endoplasmic reticulum increased. The morphologic changes in the renal
      interstitial cells were indicative of increased activity rather than of cellular
      injury. This is of insterest because several investigators have postulated that
      the interstitial cells are the site of renal prostaglandin synthesis Incrreased
      prostaglandin synthesis and release have been proposed to play a role in the
      redistribution of renal blood flow seen during acute renal failure.

PMID- 1202289
TI  - Automated analysis of autoradiographic imagery.

PMID- 1202290
TI  - Elementary behavioural rules as a foundation for morphogenesis.

PMID- 1202292
TI  - Simulation of multi-gradient models of organisms in the context of L-systems.

PMID- 1202291
TI  - Developmental algorithms for multicellular organisms: a survey of L-systems.

PMID- 1202293
TI  - Computer simulation of early embryonic development.

PMID- 1202295
TI  - Classification of biological networks by their qualitative dynamics.

PMID- 1202294
TI  - Some alternative reproductive strategies in artificial molecular machines.

PMID- 1202296
TI  - Development of lymph hypertension during lymphatic occlusion.
AB  - The effects of obstruction of lymph flow on the intralymphatic pressure are
      studied through a mathematical model using a digital computer and intralymphatic
      pressure was observed to increase.

PMID- 1202297
TI  - Xeroradiography of the lymphatics.
AB  - Lymphograms of 40 patients were made on xeroradiographic plates and conventional
      X-ray films. Both imaging procedures are compared in regard to their spatial and
      contrast resolution. Although xeroradiography offers little advantage in
      retroperitoneal lymphography, it essentially improves imaging of brachial
      lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes.

PMID- 1202298
TI  - Lack of genetic control of the lymphatic pathway. Studies on rats.
AB  - The lymphatic route from the testis to the cisterna chyli is studied in two
      inbred and one random bred strain of rats. The pathway varied similarly in all
      three groups with no indication of genetic control.

PMID- 1202300
TI  - High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance studies at 270 MHZ of alternating and
      random poly(benzyl D,L-glutamates).
AB  - The solution conformations of several D,L copoly benzyl glutamates both random
      and alternating are studied by comparing their NMR spectra in chloroform and also
      in dioxane and dimethylformamide. The alpha CH chemical shifts characteristic of
      the alpha helix of strictly alternating DL copolymers in chloroform/0.5% TFA are
      established (3.65 and 3.82 ppm) and differ from that of the regular alpha helix
      (3.92 ppm). It is concluded that alternating copolymers prepared by an
      essentially racemization-free method are completely in the alpha-helical
      conformation which is characteristic of strictly alternating D-L copolymers,
      whereas random copolymers are largely regular alpha. The alpha leads to piDL
      helix/helix transition of an alternating copolymer in dioxane has been monitored
      and the alpha CH resonance characteristic of the piDL helix is found to be at the
      unusually low chemical shift of 4.45 ppm.

PMID- 1202299
TI  - alpha and piDL helical states of alternating poly(gamma-benzyl D-L-glutamate) in
      solution.
AB  - As in solid state, strictly alternating poly(gamma-benzyl D-L-glutamate) in
      solution can adopt two different helical conformations. Besides the alpha helix,
      a second helical conformation is found at higher temperatures in dioxane and
      chloroform, the properties of which correspond to that of the piDL4 helix. As the
      molecules have a finite length a screw sense is favored for both helical forms
      thus giving rise to optical activity allowing the study of the transconformation
      by optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism besides infrared and
      dielectric measurements. Thus, as the temperature is raised the equilibria right
      left handed alpha helices and alpha-piDL helical forms can be followed. The
      favored screw senses are determined by the number of interacting side chains for
      the alpha helix and by the number of hydrogen bonds which are formed in the piDL
      helical conformation. The side chain-side chain interactions in the alpha helix
      are experimentally shown to be attractive.

PMID- 1202301
TI  - Solid state side chain transitions of poly(alpha-amino acids). I. Investigation
      by differential scanning calorimetry.
AB  - The differential scanning calorimetric behavior of a series of alpha-amino acid
      homopolymers and copolymers was investigated in the range of temperature from -80
      to +130 degrees C. The following polymers have been examined: poly(N'
      carbobenzoxy-L-lysine), poly(O-carbobenzoxy-L-tyrosine), random copolymers of O
      carbobenzoxy-L-tyrosine and N'-carbobenzoxy-L-lysine, poly(Ngamma-carbobenzoxy-L
      diaminobutyric acid), and poly(N sigma-carbobenzoxy-L-ornithine). Each sample
      exhibited a prominent glass-like transition between +30 and +60 degrees C with a
      specific heat increment deltacp of the order of 0.03-0.11 cal/(g degrees C).
      Endothermal peaks, developed by annealing, have been also been revealed. It is
      concluded that in poly(alpha-amino acids) side chain motions are capable of
      undergoing glass-like transition.

PMID- 1202302
TI  - Electrophysiological responses from the cochlea and inferior colliculus in guinea
      pigs after head injury.
AB  - Electrical responses from the inferior colliculus (ER) and round window (CP) to
      acoustical stimuli were compared in control and experimental guinea pigs which
      had received a single blow to the freely movable head. After the blow to the
      head, all of the animals showed signs of commotio cerebri, and some of them died.
      The experimental animals were divided into two groups so that the physiologic
      responses to sound could be evaluated one day (early group) and seven days
      (intermediate group) following the head blow. The animals of the early group had
      elevated ER thresholds over the entire frequency range tested with an average
      threshold of 37.8 db. The animals of the intermediate group also had elevated ER
      thresholds which averaged 23.9 db. Input-output intensity function of ER for the
      experimental animals showed a recruitment-like phenomenon. The CP thresholds in
      the injured animals did not differ significantly from those in the control group.
      Damage to the VIIIth nerve and higher central pathways is very likely a more
      frequent cause of the otoneurologic manifestations following head injury than end
      organ damage.

PMID- 1202303
TI  - Bell's palsy and the chorda tympani nerve: a clinical and electron microscopic
      study.
AB  - The chorda tympani nerve plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Bell's
      palsy. The chorda tympani nerve is altered early in the course of the disease,
      perhaps before involvement of the facial nerve occurs. This was demonstrated by
      studying the pathophysiologic alterations of the chorda tympani nerves of 15
      patients with Bell's palsy. Fifty-seven percent of the patients noted taste
      aberrations two days before the onset of the facial paralysis. In addition,
      chorda tympani nerve function, tested by electrogustometry and by determining
      submandibular salivary flow, was altered before the response to nerve
      excitability became reduced; further, the electron micrographic findings in two
      patients indicated that the involvement of the chorda tympani nerve preceded the
      time of onset of the facial paralysis. The study established a relationship
      between the pathologic involvement of the chorda tympani nerve and the facial
      nerve. There was a direct relationship between the severity of changes noted
      microscopically in the chorda tympani nerve specimens and the ultimate recovery
      of facial motor function. Examination of the chorda tympani nerve specimens was
      used to correlate the effectiveness of treatment. The results of steroid therapy
      and surgical decompression were compared. Steroids had no beneficial effect.
      Complete return of facial function was associated with surgical management when
      surgery was performed based on reduced salivary flow to 25 percent of normal and
      while the response to maximal stimulation was still normal.

PMID- 1202304
TI  - Otologic history, audiometry and tympanometry as a case finding procedure for
      school screening.
AB  - An algorithm for identification of hearing loss and middle ear effusion based on
      otologic history, audiometry and tympanometry was designed and tested on 771
      first grade school children. Each ear was profiled as being normal, at risk, or
      in need of otologic referral based on test-retest screening. In addition, each
      child was categorized on the basis of the worse ear. Results showed 57 percent of
      the children as being normal; otologic referral was indicated in 14 percent. The
      remaining children (29 percent) were at risk or at high risk. The combination of
      medical history, audiometry and tympanometry constitutes an excellent case
      finding procedure for screening the otologic status of young school children.
      Through the utilization of specific criteria, optimal referrals can be made,
      thereby providing better health care.

PMID- 1202305
TI  - Surgery for chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis.
AB  - Davison pointed out in 1953 that his purpose in treating sinusitis was to utilize
      the smallest amount of surgery that would produce permanent relief of symptoms.
      By 1963 he had become convinced that extensive disease required extensive
      surgery. Hyperplastic rhinosinusitis is treated by a variety of surgical
      techniques including polypectomy, turbinate cautery, submucous resection of the
      turbinates or nasal septum, anterior ethmoidectomy, and spheno-ethmoidectomy.
      Sixty-eight patients are presented who have undergone bilateral
      sphenoethmoidectomy between January, 1969, and January, 1974. These patients were
      predominantly allergic, with a high percentage of previous polypectomies and
      desensitization which failed to control their recurring nasal polyps. Ten
      patients were lost to follow-up. Forty-seven of 68 patients have had no
      recurrence of polyps in from 12 to 60 months. All patients continued to have
      mucosal manifestations of allergy or infection, but the recurrence of late polyps
      was limited to 11 patients. The spheno-ethmoidectomy technique is utilized,
      stressing complete removal of the middle turbinate. Kidder has shown an improved
      rate of polyp control in patients following ethmoidectomy with middle turbinate
      removal rather than with partial or total preservation of the middle turbinate.
      Complete resection of the middle turbinate with opening of the sphenoid air sinus
      permits a thorough exenteration of the ethmoid labyrinth and better control of
      chronic disease. A complication rate of 5.9 percent is presented and is deemed
      acceptable, since there no disabling complications or complications related to
      poor visualization.

PMID- 1202306
TI  - Spontaneous laryngeal disease in the canine.
AB  - This report describes the type and incidence of spontaneous laryngeal disease in
      the dog. Signs of laryngeal disease are similar to those in other species. Dogs
      are usually presented with inspiratory obstructive dyspnea or stridor, since
      earlier signs are often missed. Severe, congenital abnormalities may occur
      unrecognized due to neonatal death. Subtle anomalies are seldom presented.
      Congenital paralysis of the laryngeal musculature has been seen in the Bouvier
      des Flandres and the Siberian Husky. Laryngeal obstruction occurs commonly in
      brachycephalic dogs (Bulldog, Boxer, Boston Terrier, Pug, Pikingese). The
      forshortened nasal cavity and pharynx result in reduced airway space. The result
      is inspiratory obstruction varying from noisy respiration to severe obstruction
      with cyanosis and syncope. Everted laryngeal ventricles are most common in these
      dogs. Mild degrees of ventricular edema are common in small breed dogs with lower
      respiratory disease and in field-trial Beagles due to voice abuse. Traumatic
      injuries to the larynx and hyoid apparatus are not rare. Bite wounds from dog
      fights are the most common cause. Compression fractures are rare, but injuries
      associated with shearing stresses, due to being shcken by the neck cause airway
      obstruction. These types of injuries include avulsion of the aryepiglottic folds,
      longitudinal tearing of the epiglottis, arytenoid displacement, hyo-laryngeal
      separation, and laryngotracheal separation. Delayed signs of recurrent nerve
      damage are common in severe laryngotracheal injuries.

PMID- 1202307
TI  - Drugs and the otolaryngologist.
AB  - Numerous clinical problems arise as a result of our use of pharmaceuticals. They
      include untoward pharmacologic effects, socio-economic problems (excessive cost,
      abuse), improper administration and various medicolegal difficulties. Two areas
      of direct concern to the otolaryngologist are drug interactions and drug-induced
      diseases, problems which precipitate and prolong hospitalization and which
      introduce a new clinical entity, "diseases of medical progress." Otolaryngologic
      examples of these diseases are abundant; some are considered here in a brief
      explication of an area of growing concern.

PMID- 1202308
TI  - Audiological evaluation following acupuncture for hearing loss.
AB  - Six patients, diagnosed as having bilateral, sensori-neural hearing losses
      received audiological evaluations before and after acupuncture treatments. A
      comparison of mean pre- and post-treatment pure tone air conduction and speech
      reception thresholds indicated no significant improvement with respect to
      auditory acuity. Although most threshold shifts were within a +/- 5 db clinical
      error envelope, there was a general tendency for poorer hearing levels.

PMID- 1202309
TI  - Laryngopharyngeal injuries.
AB  - The patient who sustains trauma to the neck may present with symptoms strongly
      suggesting an acute injury to the larynx. The laryngeal injury may be real or
      imagined; however, the clinical manifestations may be so overwhelmingly
      indicative of a laryngeal injury that a small tear in the adjacent upper gut may
      be overlooked. Failure to diagnose an upper gut injury can result in a confusing
      parade of symptoms and signs, great morbidity and even death. Two cases are
      presented, each illustrating certain unique aspects of upper gut and laryngeal
      injuries. The history, diagnosis, operative management and clinical course of
      each patient are described. Attention is given to the unique facets of each case
      which make upper gut injury a fascinating and challenging surgical entity. Each
      case is discussed in terms of diagnostic and management errors or areas of
      controversy. Finally, certain general concepts of management of upper gut
      injuries are described.

PMID- 1202310
TI  - Meningoencephalocele of the paranasal sinuses.
AB  - Meningoencephaloceles are not commonly seen by the otolaryngologist. They occur
      most frequently in the lumbosacral area where they are five times as common as in
      the occipital area. The anterior cranial presentation is quite rare. Most
      patients with meningoencephaloceles present early with large lesions and are
      treated by the neurosurgeon. Two patients are presented who had small
      meningoencephaloceles which are located in the paranasal sinuses and successfully
      treated by an extracranial approach. This approach is recommended for those
      lesions of the paranasal sinus where the resulting bony defect from the removal
      of the lesion is small and the sinus in not infected.

PMID- 1202311
TI  - Evaluation of Fagara zanthoxyloides root extract in sickle cell anemia blood in
      vitro.
AB  - An aqueous extract was prepared from roots of Fagara zanthoxyloides and examined
      for evidence of an antisickling effect in vitro. Addition of 25 mg/ml of the
      extract to fresh blood samples from sickle anemia subjects produced no change in
      the blood oxygen dissociation curves, and approximately equal percentages of
      sickled cells were observed at comparable oxygen saturation levels in the
      presence or absence of the extract. These observations fail to confirm previous
      reports describing an antisickling effect of root extracts of Fagara
      zanthoxyloides.

PMID- 1202312
TI  - Plant-insect interactions. I. Biological and phytochemical evaluation of selected
      plants.
AB  - Extracts from more than 325 different plants have been tested for their effects
      on larvae of Aedes aegypti, and from these initial tests, 16 plants were selected
      for further study. Extracts from plant parts of these 16 plants were screened
      using tlc and the results are tabulated along with the observed biological
      activity.

PMID- 1202313
TI  - Akaloid screening. VII.
AB  - One thousand and five plant extracts were screened for the presence of alkaloids.
      The number of positive tests obtained was 190, or 18.91%. There were 153 species
      found to contain alkaloids that are new to the literature. In the six previous
      communications (1-6) we have reported on the screening of 5,995 plant extracts
      for alkaloids. These extracts represented 4,888 species of plants, of which 1,336
      gave positive alkaloid tests.

PMID- 1202316
TI  - Flavonoids of Salvia virgata.

PMID- 1202314
TI  - Phytochemical investigation of Manibota plants III. Identification of two beta
      carbolines from Phalaris arundinacea.

PMID- 1202315
TI  - 1-methyl-5-carbomethoxy-alpha-pyridone: a simple alkaloid from Ampelocera ruizii.

PMID- 1202318
TI  - Screening for N-methylated tyramines in some higher fungi.

PMID- 1202319
TI  - Ionic selectivity of Na and K channels of nerve membranes.

PMID- 1202317
TI  - Metabolites of Pyrenomycetes V. Identification of an antibiotic from two species
      of Nectria, as cephalochromin.

PMID- 1202321
TI  - Experimental ulcerative disease of the colon.
AB  - The oral administration to guinea-pigs of an aqueous solution of carrageenan
      derived from the red seaweed, Eucheuma spinosum, provides a useful, readily
      available experimental model for the study of ulcerative disease of the colon.
      Two types of ulcerative disease can be produced within a 4-6 week period, viz.,
      ulceration localised mainly to the caecum by using 1% undegraded carrageenan in
      the drinking fluid, and extensive ulceration involving caecum, colon, and rectum
      by using 5% degraded carrageenan. Ulceration is probably due to the local action
      of carrageenan in the bowel.

PMID- 1202320
TI  - Ca-dependent action potential.

PMID- 1202322
TI  - Ideas in biomedical science: reasons for the foundataion of Medical Hypotheses.

PMID- 1202323
TI  - Exercise and the electrocardiogram. the electromechanical S-wave: new hypotheses.

PMID- 1202324
TI  - Tumor diagnosis using short-lived radioactive compounds: a new approach.

PMID- 1202325
TI  - The role of central cholinergic mechanisms in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1202326
TI  - Physiology and psychology: towards a practical philosophy.

PMID- 1202327
TI  - [Quantifying the effect of antitussive drugs (author's transl)].
AB  - An experimental instruction for automatic recording of fits of coughing is being
      described. In contrast to the recording on a tape recorded mentioned on entering
      the above-mentioned installation is especially suited for short-term
      examinations. The advantages and disadvantages of this instruction for recording
      are being discussed.

PMID- 1202328
TI  - [Letter: Lung examination according the new Rontgen-decree].

PMID- 1202329
TI  - Specific locus mutation rates after repeated small radiation doses to mouse
      oocytes.
AB  - When female mice were given a dose of 20 X 20 rad X-rays, the specific locus
      mutation rate among offspring conceived up to 7 weeks after the end of treatment
      was 1/39887 or 0.18-10(-7)/rad/locus, whereas when the same total dose of 200 rad
      was given in a single exposure the mutation rate was 9/34813 or 1.85-10(
      7)/rad/locus. The lower mutation rate after the 20 X 10 rad dose was obtained
      whether the total or 200 rad was given over a period of 5 days or 4 weeks, and if
      only young conceived in the first 20 days, rather than 7 weeks, were considered.
      It is suggested that each 10 rad fraction had the same small effect, and hence
      that these results confirm and extend RUSSELL's previous finding that the dose
      response relationship for specific locus muations in females is curved.

PMID- 1202330
TI  - DNA damage, DNA repair and chromosome aberrations of xeroderma pigmentosum cells
      and controls following exposure to nitrosation products of methylguanidine.
AB  - Nitrosation of methylguanidine (MG) led to products that caused DNA fragmentation
      (shift in sedimentation profiles of velocity centrifugation through alkaline
      sucrose gradients), a DNA repair synthesis (unscheduled uptake of (3H]TdR),
      chromosome aberrations and a lethal effect of cultured human fibroblasts. The
      response of repair-deficient xeroderma pigmentosum cells did not differ from that
      of controls. The nitrosation of MG must be carried out at a pH level below 3, in
      order to obtain products that react with cellular DNA. The results show that a
      DNA repair synthesis of human fibroblasts appears to be a sensitive assay for
      carcinogenic and mutagenic nitrosation products which may be formed within an
      organism from non-carcinogenic compounds.

PMID- 1202331
TI  - Preparation of peritoneal cell metaphases of rats, mice and chinese hamsters
      after mitogenic stimulation with magnesium sulfate and/or aluminum hydroxide.
AB  - A new cytogenetic system in vivo is presented using peritoneal cells, collected
      from unanesthetized rats, mice and Chinese hamsters, 48 h after an i.p. injection
      of a mitogen. The test is useful for periodic monitoring of chromosome aberration
      rates in the investigation of such problems as aging and chronic effects of
      mutagens and carcinogens. Among the 2 mitogens tested, aluminum hydroxyde was
      more efficient than magnesium sulfate in all 3 species. The rat is considered to
      be the most suitable animal for this test, in view of its easy handling, high
      cell yield and favourable response to mitogens. The spontaneous chromosome
      aberration rate in this animal was found to be comparable with that of bone
      marrow cells.

PMID- 1202332
TI  - Closing remarks. The regulation of human exposure to mutagens amidst scientific
      controversy.

PMID- 1202333
TI  - The utility of short-term tests for mutagenicity in the toxicological evaluation
      of environmental agents.

PMID- 1202334
TI  - The impact of induced mutations on human populations.
AB  - The major impact of an increase in genetic damage will be expressed as an
      increase in autosomal dominant and X-linked traits as well as chromosomal
      disorders. The present incidence of dominant traits has been estimated at 1% of
      live births, but recent data from British Columbia indicate the true value in
      that population may be an order of magnitude lower. These estimates are important
      if one measures the damage in terms of doubling dose. Neither the average
      mutation rate nor the number of loci capable of mutating to dominant detrimental
      form is known. Mutations that cause sterility or early embryonic loss are
      detrimental in the Darwinian sense but have little impact on society. Mutations
      that are more fit biologically may be a heavy burden to society if the affected
      persons require medical or institutional care. Since exposure to some mutagens is
      unavoidable, these factors must ultimately be included in a cost-benefit
      analysis.

PMID- 1202335
TI  - Metabolic activation and reactivity of chemical carcinogens.

PMID- 1202336
TI  - Some relations between teratogenesis and mutagenesis.
AB  - The nonactinic environmental agents that have been found to induce mutations in
      laboratory mammals are almost without exception of a single chemical class,
      alkylating chemicals, whereas this class is only one of the numerous sorts of
      environmental agents that induce congenital structural malformations. Many other
      types of chemical teratogens as well as nonchemical teratogens exist. This
      conspicuous difference between the known means of producing these phenomena
      reflects the fact that the mechanism by which malformations and mutations arise
      are for the most part distinctly different from each other. Therefore,
      environmentally induced malformations and mutations cannot be equated with each
      other and used as mutual indicators in monitoring potential harmful effects of
      the environment.

PMID- 1202337
TI  - The effects of six years of mutagen testing on our attitude to the problems posed
      by it.

PMID- 1202338
TI  - Some epidemiological aspects of teratogen detection.

PMID- 1202339
TI  - Epidemiological strategies for identifying carcinogens.

PMID- 1202340
TI  - Environmental mutagenesis: evolving strategies in the USA.
AB  - A recent Environmental Mutagen Society report (the "Committee 17" report) made
      recommendations regarding the screening of environmental mutagens and the use of
      the resulting data. It is important in this respect to employ highly sensitive
      tests which detect heritable genetic damage of all possible molecular types.
      Mutagens of artificial origin which are being considered for continued production
      must be characterized with respect to their level and pattern of distribution and
      their persistence in the environment in order to perform realistic risk
      evaluations. Risk evaluation itself, particularly the summation of the effects of
      numerous distinct mutagens, may be assisted by adopting a common measure of
      mutagenicity such as the REC (rem-equivalent-chemical). Finally, the Committee 17
      report laid out highly specific recommendations concerning maximum permissible
      exposures to environmental mutagens. Federal regulatory agencies and their
      enabling legislation are in fact evolving toward the effective control of this
      highly complicated problem.

PMID- 1202341
TI  - The British experience in environmental mutagenesis: an exercise in
      collaboration.

PMID- 1202342
TI  - Mutagenicity research and testing in Sweden.
AB  - A survey is given of Swedish legislation for control of chemicals in the
      environment. Although no direct legal requirements for mutagenicity testing of
      chemicals exist at present in Sweden, such requirements can be enforced within
      the existing laws. Testing and research in chemical mutagenicity are especially
      performed at the Environmental Toxicology Unit of the Wallenberg laboratory,
      University of Stockholm. An outline is given of the organization of the unit,
      which is based on an interdisciplinary cooperation, among divisions of organic
      and analytical chemistry, cellular toxicology, and genetics. As examples of
      projects under joint investigation results on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and
      on vinyl chloride are briefly described.

PMID- 1202343
TI  - Hypothetical dose-response curves for chronic exposures to mutagens or
      carcinogens subject to simple enzymatic detoxification in the mammalian body.
AB  - Dose-response curves for chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis in the whole
      mammal may be influenced (a) by processes affecting the delivery of the applied
      dose to the DNA of the target cell or (b) by processes affecting the response of
      the cell to the initial DNA damage. As an example of the former, the effect of a
      simple enzymatic detoxification system on the delivery to the target organ of an
      applied chronic dose has been considered. In certain circumstances as the applied
      dose is lowered, the delivered dose may become proportionately less than at high
      doses so that a new linear relation of lower slope is established. Such a
      biphasic curve is termed quasi-threshold to distinguish it from a true threshold.
      The slope at low doses could in principle be extrapolated to very low doses in
      the estimation of genetic risk.

PMID- 1202344
TI  - Non-scientific influences on decisions concerning human chemical exposure - a
      personal commentary.

PMID- 1202345
TI  - Estimation of the effects of chemical mutagens: lessons from radiation genetics.
AB  - Years of work with ionizing radiations have given us a wealth of data on
      radiation-induced mutations. These data, which have given insights regarding the
      mutational processes, should form the background for all mutagenesis work. In
      chemical mutagenesis, as in radiation mutagenesis, it is important to know the
      shape of the dose-effect curve in order to make further interpretations and
      calculations. It is also important to be on the constant alert for new relations
      that can be explored.

PMID- 1202346
TI  - Model for the accumulation of radionuclides in oysters and sediments.

PMID- 1202348
TI  - Penetration of mid-gut cells of Glossina morsitans morsitans by Trypanosoma
      brucei rhodesianse.

PMID- 1202347
TI  - Disordered drinking after abdominal vagotomy in rats.

PMID- 1202349
TI  - Evidence against a dimeric structure for membrane-bound HLA antigens.

PMID- 1202350
TI  - Identification of Ss protein as murine C4.

PMID- 1202351
TI  - H-2 linked Ss protein is C4 component of complement.

PMID- 1202352
TI  - Influence of negative lipids on interactions between artificial membranes and 
      cholinergic drugs.

PMID- 1202353
TI  - Competition for sulphate during detoxification in the gut wall.

PMID- 1202354
TI  - Local membrane current in Limulus photoreceptors.

PMID- 1202355
TI  - Intracellular Ca modulates sensitivity and time scale in Limulus ventral
      photoreceptors.

PMID- 1202356
TI  - Purified hormones from the crustacean eyestalk and their physiological
      specificity.

PMID- 1202357
TI  - DNA replication and accelerated chain growth in oestrogen-stimulated uterine
      cells.

PMID- 1202358
TI  - Troponin C in brain.

PMID- 1202359
TI  - Subunit structure of human hexosaminidase verified: interconvertibility of
      hexosaminidase isozymes.

PMID- 1202360
TI  - Stepwise degradations and deamidation of the eye lens protein alpha-crystallin in
      ageing.

PMID- 1202361
TI  - Letter: Sympathoadrenal medullary activity in young, spontaneously hypertensive
      rats.

PMID- 1202362
TI  - Letter: Carotid body chemoreceptors.

PMID- 1202363
TI  - Kinetics and metabolism of amphetamine in the brain of rats of different ages.
AB  - The kinetics and tissue distribution of amphetamine and its metabolites p
      hydroxyamphetamine (p-PH-A) and p-hydroxynorephedrine (p-OH-NE) were investigated
      in young adult (3-4 months) and old (20-25 months) male rats, after i.p.
      injection of 5 mg/kg tritium labelled D-amphetamine. The concentrations of these
      drugs were determined in plasma, cerebral cortex, brainstem and hypothalamus, by
      thin layer chromatography. 1. From 60 min up to 4 hrs after injection of
      amphetamine the concentration of amphetamine in plasma and brain tissue of old
      rats was significantly (P less than 0.05 higher than in young adult animals. In
      both age groups the levels of amphetamine in cerebral cortex greater than brain
      stem greater than hypothalamus. 2. The blood-brain barrier is permutle to p-OH-A;
      10 to 20 min afer i.v. injection of 10 muCi/kg of p-OH-A (10 mCi/m mole) the
      ratio of brain/blood plasma was found to be 1:3. The half life of p-OH-A in blood
      plasma was almost identical after injection of amphetamine and p-OH-A (90 min and
      98 min respectively). 3. The levels of p-OH-NE in different brain areas were
      significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in old animals than in young adult rats 4
      hrs after application of amphetamine. This metabolite of amphetamine shows a
      higher concentration in the hypothalamus earlier than in other brain regions.

PMID- 1202364
TI  - Effects of reserpine and propranolol on anoxia-induced enzyme release from the
      isolated perfused guinea-pig-heart.
AB  - The possibility of a protective effect by reserpine or propranolol on anoxia
      induced released of malate and lactate dehydrogenase was investigated in isolated
      perfused hearts of guinea-pigs. After allowing 30 min of aerobic perfusion for
      the development of a steady state, the hearts from the nontreated group as well
      as the reserpine-pretreated or propranolol-treated group were subjected to a
      prolonged anoxia of 5 hrs. A marked enzyme release which occurred from the anoxic
      nontreated hearts was significantly inhibited by reserpine or propranolol. These
      findings suggest that the enzyme release from the anoxic myocardium is partly
      related to the liberation of endogenous catecholamines.

PMID- 1202365
TI  - Norepinephrine release from nerve terminals within the rabbit superior cervical
      ganglion.
AB  - Norepinephrine-3H (NE-3H) and its metabolic normetanephrine-3H were released from
      the superfused rabbit SCG incubated in tyrosine-3H in response to preganglionic
      stimulation. Neither dopamine-3H nor its metabolite, 3-methoxy-tyrosine could be
      detected in the superfusate from "control" or "nerve stimulated" tissues. Nerve
      stimulated NE-3H release a) was calcium dependent, b) had a stimulus threshold
      similar to that of C fibers, c) was not blocked by either 50 micromolar curare or
      100 micromolar atropine, d) was abolished by chronic decentralization and e) was
      elicited by stimulation of both the cervical sympathetic and internal carotid
      nerves. These results suggest that there is a here-to-for undescribed,
      noradrenergic pathway which originates elsewhere in the sympathetic chain but
      terminates in the superior cervical ganglion.

PMID- 1202366
TI  - Some physiological and pharmalogical characteristics of the stimulus induced
      release of norepinephrine from the rabbit superior cervical ganglion.
AB  - The cervical sympathetic nerve stimulated release of norepinephrine (NE) from the
      rabbit superior cervical ganglion (SCG) was characterized. The quantity of NE
      released per impulse declined with increasing stimulation frequency over the
      range of 3/sec to 15/sec. Nerve stimulated NE release was potentiated by 1
      micromolar desmethylimipramine and 25 micromolar phenoxylbenzamine and inhibited
      by 1 micromolar bretylium, 25 micromolar methoxamine and 1 micromolar
      prostaglandin E1. These results suggest that nerve stimulated NE release in the
      rabbit SCG occurs from sympathetic fibers which are subject to the same
      neurosecretory control mechanisms as sympathetic fibers elsewhere in the
      autonomic nervous system.

PMID- 1202367
TI  - [Problems and sources of error in the evaluation of results of epidemiologic and
      sociopsychaitric studies].

PMID- 1202368
TI  - [Spontaneous remission of idiopathic facial paresis].

PMID- 1202369
TI  - [Diabetogenous changes in the CNS and their pneumoencephalographic and csf
      findings].

PMID- 1202370
TI  - [Multiple factor treatment of chronic headache].

PMID- 1202371
TI  - [EEG registration in Fahr's syndrome].

PMID- 1202372
TI  - [Acute retinal ischemia during carotid angiography in ophthalmic artery
      occlusion].

PMID- 1202373
TI  - [The nervus interosseus anterior syndrome].

PMID- 1202374
TI  - [Letter: Discussion and comment or the paper by H. Hinterhuber and H. Prokop:
      "Psychial Problems and Psychical Vulnerability of University Students", (this
      J.46, 73-75 (1975))].

PMID- 1202375
TI  - [Letter: Psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy in conformity with the new
      medical licensure legislation. A model for discussion. Comments on the paper by
      H. Helmchen: "Education in psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy",
      (this J.45, 428-435 (1975))].

PMID- 1202376
TI  - [Pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of melancholy as an endogenous psychosis].

PMID- 1202377
TI  - [Different aspects of forensic psychiatric expert activity in the Federal
      Republic of Germany and in the Democratic Republic of Germany].

PMID- 1202378
TI  - [The inductive element in psychiatric conversation].

PMID- 1202379
TI  - [Clinical picture and morphology of lead polyneuropathy in man].

PMID- 1202381
TI  - [Changes in public attitudes toward epilepsy in the Federal Republic of Germany
      since 1967].

PMID- 1202380
TI  - [Alterations in the factor structure of psychological variables in cerebral
      atrophy].

PMID- 1202382
TI  - [Dandy-Walker syndrome with air encephalographic cyst demonstration].

PMID- 1202383
TI  - [Supraclinoidal occlusion of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1202384
TI  - [Proposal for neurological information documentation using indicator records].

PMID- 1202386
TI  - [Letter: Discussion on the work of A Muller-Jensen "One-sided and side-varying
      ophthalmoplegia interna in side-varying hemicrania"].

PMID- 1202385
TI  - [Letter: Discussion on the work of U. Patzold and W. Weinrich: Proposal for
      neurological information documentation by means of designation records].

PMID- 1202387
TI  - [Letter: Reply to the remarks of K. Poeck on the work of A. Muller-Jensen "One
      sided and side-varying ophthalmoplegia interna in side-varying hemicrania"].

PMID- 1202388
TI  - Oxygen uptake by suspension of mouse brain cells.
AB  - A cell suspension was prepared by sieving mouse brain cortices in an isotonic 
      solution of purified polyvinylpyrrolidone. A large increase on the O2-uptake by
      the suspension could be obtained with the preparation procedure described. The
      respiratory rate of suspension, incubated in saline medium, containing 6.2 mM K+,
      10 mM pyruvate, 5 mM fumarate and 0.9 mM 5'-AMP, was equal to 68% of the
      respiratory rate of slices. High K+ concentration (65 mM) stimulated O2
      consumption of suspension by 64% (73% in slices).

PMID- 1202389
TI  - Neurochemical aspects of post-tetanic potentiation of monosynaptic reflexes in
      the cat spinal cord. III. Analysis of amino acids after long-term potentiation.
AB  - Following 30-min intermittent post-tetanic potentiation of monosynaptic reflexes
      in the ventral horn of the spinal cord of 10 cats, the amino acid composition was
      analyzed after reacting with 14C-dansylchloride and by two-dimensional
      chromatography. The amino acids in comparable segments of the spinal cord from
      eight animals after ether anesthesia and from five animals who were operated on
      but not stimulated were also analyzed. In the latter the operation itself
      influenced the amino acid composition as compared to those animals who were
      anesthetized. Comparison between the different control groups showed that the
      operated animals can be used as a control for calculation of the changes caused
      by potentiation. The amino acids glycine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid, which
      act as either inhibitory or excitatory neurotransmitters, increased significantly
      after potentiation, as did the amino acids lysine, histidine, leucine,
      isoleucine, and proline.

PMID- 1202390
TI  - Brain lipids in pyridoxine-deficient young rats.
AB  - Pyridoxine deficiency produced in rats during the period of development of the
      central nervous system resulted in a decreased incorporation of (1-14C) acetate
      into total lipid extracts of brain. It also resulted in a uniform decrease in the
      incorporation of the labeled precursor into the cholesterol, glycolipid and
      phospholipid fractions of brain. The specific radioactivity of purified
      cerebrosides and sulfatides was decreased by 78% in pyridoxine-deficient rats
      with respect to controls. The decreased incorporation of labeled precursor in the
      deficient rats was not due to the labeled precursor, since the specific
      radioactivity of brain acetate and the brain concentrations of acetyl coenzyme A
      and acetate were similar in both deficient and control rats. The results indicate
      that in pyridoxine deficiency established in the young rat there is an impaired
      formation of myelin.

PMID- 1202391
TI  - Chloride compartments in embryonic brain tissue after intracerebral ouabain
      administration.
AB  - The "chloride space" in brain tissue of 15- and 19-day-old chick embryos was
      studied during the 3 h following intracerebral administration of 3.4-10(-4) M
      ouabain. Total tissue water, dry substance, plasma and liquor and tissue chloride
      concentrations were determined. The chloride space in brain tissue was calculated
      on the basis of the brain-cerebrospinal fluid ratio and the brain-plasma ratio.
      The chloride concentration in blood plasma was generally unchanged after ouabain
      treatment. The chloride concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was lower in younger
      embryos during the whole 3-h period, whereas in 19-day-old embryos only during
      the 1st h. Tissue chloride concentration was generally elevated, but to a greater
      extent in younger embryos. Total brain tissue water increased for 3 h after
      ouabain treatment in 15-day-old embryos and for the first 2 h in 19-day-old
      embryos. The expansion of chloride space reached a new steady state during the
      1st h after ouabain treatment and amounted to 12-15% of control values in 15-day
      old embryos. The increase of chloride space in older embryos reached its maximum
      (14.8% of control values) within the 1st h and gradually decreased thereafter.
      The age-dependent changes of chloride compartmentation in embryonic brain tissue
      are discussed in relation to the previously investigated spongy state of the
      brain tissue in chick embryo.

PMID- 1202392
TI  - Studies on the action of nerve growth factor. II. Neurotubule protein levels
      during neurite outgrowth.
AB  - The neurotubule protein content of chick embryo 8-day dorsal root and 14-day
      sympathetic ganglia, induced to extend neurites in the presence of Nerve Growth
      Factor, was determined by the time-decay colchicine binding assay procedure and
      by two independent polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis systems. The initial level
      of neurotubule protein in dorsal root ganglia was approximately 16% of the total
      soluble protein. This value was constant during Nerve Growth Factor-mediated
      neurite outgrowth. The initial level of neurotubule protein in sympathetic
      ganglia was also approximately 16%, and was unchanged during neurite outgrowth.
      In addition, C1300 mouse neuroblastoma cells, induced to extend neurites in 0.1%
      serum, also did not exhibit a change in neurotubule protein concentration, which
      remained approximately 9% of the total soluble protein.

PMID- 1202393
TI  - S100 on isolated neurons and glial cells from rat, rabbit and guinea pig during
      early postnatal development.
AB  - The brain specific S100 protein has been demonstrated by immunofluorescence
      microscopy on neuronal cell membranes during postnatal development of rat, rabbit
      and guinea pig. S100 has been found in glial cell aggregates of rats 4-5 days
      old, of rabbits 2-3 days old, and of newborn guinea pig. The neuronal plasma
      membrane-bound portion of the protein appears later during development. In rats
      10 to 12 days of age S100 could be found on one part of the cell membrane of
      Deiters' neurons and of Purkinje cells. In rats 12 to 15 days old cells from the
      cerebral cortex contained a heterogeneously distributed cell membrane-bound
      portion of S100. The protein on neuronal cell membranes could be seen somewhat
      earlier in rabbits as compared to rats. Newborn guinea pigs showed a
      heterogeneous distribution of the protein similar to that seen in adult animals.
      In rat and rabbit adults distribution and amounts of S100 were reached at days 25
      30 and at days 20-24, respectively. The results obtained here are in agreement
      with biochemical results. Our findings suggest that the membrane-bound part of
      the S100 protein with its heterogeneous and polar distribution on the nerve cell
      plasma membranes (demonstratable in parallel with physical and behavioral
      maturation of the animals) is a sign of a protein differentiation of the neuron.

PMID- 1202394
TI  - [Needle therapy in neurology].
AB  - The term "needle treatment" has been used by the author for designation of all
      analgetic procedures in which the skin receptors are stimulated by insertion of
      needles. Acupuncture and its modification proposed by the author fall into this
      category. In the new method needles are inserted into painful points and 0.1-0.2
      ml of 10% sodium chloride solution is injected. The method is used for treatment
      of pain in ischalgia, facial neuralgia and shoulder pains and in refractory, so
      called idiopathic headaches. The author describes three neural mechanisms
      participating in pain inhibition by means of peripheral receptor stimulation.

PMID- 1202395
TI  - [Sural nerve phospholipids in some genetically determined nervous system
      diseases].
AB  - Phospholipid fraction pattern was determined in sural nerve in cases of suspected
      storage diseases. The material was obtained by means fo biopsy from 22 patients.
      In some patients features of polyneuropathy were found. Normal values of
      phospholipids were determined in 22 dying patients who had to neurological
      diseases. The most frequently observed change concerning the biochemical
      composition of the sural nerve in this material was a fall in the total amount of
      phosphatidyl ethanolamine (cephalin) and appearance of lysolecithins which are
      normally absent. In attempted correlation of histological and biochemical
      findings in the sural nerve with clinical signs of polyneuropathy it was observed
      that biochemical changes were present in cases without clinical evidence of
      polyneuropathy. Biochemical as well as histological investigations of sural nerve
      may help in intravital diagnosis of diseases belonging to the group of
      thesauroses.

PMID- 1202396
TI  - [Catalase-like activity in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with cerebral stroke].
AB  - Catalase-like activity was determined in the cerebrospinal fluid of 16 patients
      with cerebral haemorrhage, 24 cases od encephalomalacia due to thrombosis, and 10
      controls. It was demonstrated that catalase-like activity in the cerebrospinal
      fluid of patients with cerebral stroke is significantly raised in relation to the
      activity observed in controls. This rise is patricularly evident in the first 24
      hours after the onset. The rise was statistically significant only in the group
      of encephalomalacia.

PMID- 1202397
TI  - [Conduction velocity in peripheral nerves in healthy and sick children].
AB  - Conduction velocity was determined in motor fibres of peripheral nerves in
      healthy children aged from 4 months to 15 years and in children with spinal
      muscular atrophy, untreated phenylketonuria, myopathies and infantile cerebral
      palsy. Conduction velocity equalling that in adults is reached in the ulnar and
      peroneal nerves at the age of about 3 years, in the median nerve somewhat later
      (at the age of 4-5 years). In cases of untreated phenylketonuria, myopathies and
      infantile cerebral palsy conduction velocity was about normal. In spinal muscular
      atrophy decreased conduction velocity in the youngest children may indicate
      delayed myelination of peripheral nerves.

PMID- 1202398
TI  - [Development of righting reflexes and their influence on the development of
      static functions in children with infantile cerebral palsy].
AB  - In a group of 55 children with signs of central nervous system lesions the
      development of righting reflexes and static functions was observed during the
      first 3 years of life. A delay and disturbances in the development of righting
      reflexes and static functions was observed with differences between the
      individual groups of infantile cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1202399
TI  - [Familial occurrence of Crouzon's disease].
AB  - The authors report a family of 8 subjects in which 6 members demonstrate
      significant abnormalities in the development of the facial skeleton and the skull
      in the form of craniofacial dysostosis (Crouzon's disease) with complications
      including optic nerve atrophy, divergent squint in 4 children and borderline
      mental retardation in 3 of these children.

PMID- 1202401
TI  - [Letter: Nomenclature concerning damage to the central nervous system during
      pregnancy and labor].

PMID- 1202400
TI  - [Epidemic of lymphocytic cerebrospinal meningitis in the fall of 1974 at
      Grudziadz].
AB  - In 1974 an epidemic of lymphocytic cerebrospinal meningitis occurred in the
      Province of Bydgoszcz. Thirty-nine cases of this disease were hospitalized at the
      neurological department of the hospital in Grudziadz. Virological investigations
      demonstrated presence of Coxsackie A9 virus. The manifestations of the disease,
      diagnostic methods and treatment are described.

PMID- 1202402
TI  - [System of rapid automatic digital recording of cerebrospinal fluid pressure].
AB  - The authors describe a system for rapid digital automatic recording of
      cerebrospinal fluid pressure. The results are recorded in numerical form by a
      recorder. Owing to this quantitative expression of results the subjective
      evaluation of analog curves is avoided. The system may be used also to measure
      other slowly changing physiological processes.

PMID- 1202404
TI  - [Case of multiple sclerosis with Devic's syndrome and secondary cerebellar
      signs].
AB  - The authors describe a 43-year-old woman treated for multiple sclerosis during 11
      years in whom at the end of her life tetraplegia, bulbar syndrome and cerebellar
      syndrome developed. Postmortem examination of the brain disclosed changes
      compatible with the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, diffuse sclerosis and
      neuromyelitis optica. The variability of the demyelinating process is discussed.
      In this case this variability was responsible for successive appearance of
      various nosological entities depending on the "balance of power" between the
      factors damaging myelin and the resistance of the organism.

PMID- 1202403
TI  - [Angiomas of blood vessels supplying the basal ganglia and the diencephalon].
AB  - The author discusses the problem of surgical treatment of intracranial angiomas
      situated in basal ganglia and diencephalon. Vascular malformations in this area
      were found in 7.5% of cases in a group of 80 patients with intracranial angiomas.
      In all 6 cases the onset of the disease was sudden with meningocerebral
      haemorrhage, prolonged coma and hemiplegia. The malformations had usually the
      features of arteriovenous angioma. The afferent vessels come usually from the
      medial short and long vessels branching off from the anterior and middle cerebral
      arteries, the choroid arteries and the posterior communicating artery. The author
      isolated two types of malformations differing in their situation, shape and range
      of vascularization. In the "subventricular" type situated within the nucleus
      caudatus and lenticularis, internal capsule and thalamus the malformation can be
      exposed well from the approach through the lateral ventricle. The angiomas
      situated nearer to the base of hemisphere (the parabasal type), in the
      diencephalon, in the area of the olfactory triangle, substantia perforata
      anterior and even crus cerebri can be exposed best using the subfrontal approach.
      The author believes that in many cases of these malformations regarded usually as
      inoperable, radical operation can be done with selective removal of angioma by
      means of microsurgery. This procedure was applied in 2 cases (Fig. 2 and 3).

PMID- 1202405
TI  - [Case of Behcet's disease].
AB  - The author reports a case of Behcet's disease in a 45-year-old man with eye
      lesions, changes on the skin and in the nervous system with inflammatory changes
      in the cerebrospinal fluid. The course of the disease was chronic, with periodic
      exacerbations. Steroid treatment gave good results.

PMID- 1202406
TI  - [Epileptic seizures in children caused by developmental anomalies of
      meningocerebral vessels].
AB  - In the light of pertinent literature the authors discuss two interesting cases of
      developmental anomalies of cerebral vessels demonstrated by means of angiography
      which were the cause of epileptic seizures and progressive dementia.

PMID- 1202407
TI  - [Comparison of the bronchodilator action of fenoterol and salbutamol by aerosol
      administration in patients with bronchial asthma].
AB  - A comparison was made between the bronchodilatatory activity of phenoterol
      (hydroxyphenylorciprenaline) and salbutamol in patients with bronchial asthma.
      The results showed that both drugs had marked activity at therapeutic doses,
      though phenoterol was more rapid (within 10 min of inhalation) and more
      longlasting (up to 6-7 hr). Its loss of therapeutic effect was also slower than
      that of hitherto experimented drugs.

PMID- 1202409
TI  - [Origin of oncogenic viruses].
AB  - On the basis of the literature, and particularly of recent paraprocessing
      studies, the possible origin of oncogenous RNA viruses in human is discussed. The
      concept of the irritative theory as the origin of most such viruses, according to
      the "wandering gene" concept, is reiterated.

PMID- 1202408
TI  - [Antihypertensive activity of a new molecule, 2,6-dichloro-benzylidene
      aminoguanidine acetate].
AB  - The anti-hypertensive action of 2,6-dichlorobenzylideneaminoguanidine acetate (BR
      750) is described. Inter-patient comparison pointed out its excellent tolerance,
      together with an anti-hypertensive activity at least equal to that of alpha
      methyldopa.

PMID- 1202410
TI  - Immune responses to infections with coccidia in chickens: gut hypersensitivity.
AB  - Sporulated oocysts or oocyst hulls of Eimeria acervulina given via the crop, and
      oocyst juice or sporozoites inoculated directly into the intestinal lumen, were
      tested for their effects on the hypersensitivity of the intestines of immunized
      and susceptible birds. Only viable sporozoites consistently caused an increase in
      the permeability of the immunized intestine to macromolecules, shown by the
      leakage of intravenously injected dye. Repulsion of epithelium and disruption of
      the villi were seen more often in immunized than in susceptible chickens but
      there was no correlation with treatment or with dye leakage. The hypersensitive
      response of immune intestines challenged with a heterologous organism was
      approximately half as intense as the response to homologous challenge. The
      significance of these findings in relation to immunity to coccidiosis is
      discussed.

PMID- 1202411
TI  - Enzyme variation in Eimeria species of the chicken.
AB  - A method for the biochemical identification of protozoa belonging to the genus
      Eimeria is described for the first time. Starch gel electrophoresis of the
      enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, glucose phosphate isomerase, 6-phosphogluconate
      dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from parasite extracts
      revealed both intra- and inter-species differences when 11 strains representative
      of 6 species of Eimeria were examined. Oocysts were the most accessible parasite
      stage for investigation but sporozoites and merozoites of an embryo-adapted
      strain of E. tenella were also examined for enzyme activity.

PMID- 1202412
TI  - Genetic control of immune responses to parasites: selection for responsiveness
      and non-responsiveness to Trichuris muris in random-bred mice.
AB  - Populations of Schofield strain, random-bred mice were shown to have a bimodal
      variation in ability to bring about immune expulsion of the nematode Trichuris
      muris. This variation was genetically determined and independent of the size of
      infection experienced. The proportion of mice unable to achieve worm expulsion
      (non-responders) was relatively constant in various populations of the strain but
      was increased by selective breeding from mice of known status. Crosses made
      between non-responder and responder mice produced progeny that were almost all
      (92%) of responder phenotype, showing that the ability to achieve worm expulsion
      was inherited as a dominant characteristic. It is suggested that the genetic
      control involves a small number of genes; the possible immunological mechanisms
      by which control is mediated are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1202413
TI  - Structure and invasive behaviour of Plasmodium knowlesi merozoites in vitro.
AB  - The structure and invasive behaviour of extracellular erythrocytic merozoites
      prepared by a cell sieving method have been studied with the electron microscope.
      Free merozoites contain organelles similar to those described in late schizonts
      of Plasmodium knowlesi. Their surface is lined by a coat of short filaments. On
      mixing with fresh red cells, merozoites at first adhere, then cause the red cell
      surface to invaginate rapidly, often with the formation of narrow membranous
      channels in the red cell interior. As the merozoite enters the invagination it
      forms an attachment by its cell coat to the rim of the pit, and finally leaves
      this coat behind as it is enclosed in a red cell vacuole. Dense, rounded
      intracellular bodies then move to the merozoite periphery, and apparently rupture
      to cause further localized invagination of the red cell vacuole. The merozoite
      finally loses its rhoptries, the pellicle is reduced to a single membrane and the
      parasite becomes a trophozoite. Invasion is complete by 1 min after adhesion, and
      the trophozoite is formed by 10 min.

PMID- 1202414
TI  - An experimental investigation of a direct life-cycle in Reighardia sternae
      (Diesing, 1864), a pentastomid parasite of the herring gull (Larus argentatus).
AB  - A direct life-cycle in Reighardia sternae, a cephalobaenid pentastomid of gulls
      was investigated: the work was prompted by a report of eggs and larvae recovered
      from the stomach and intestine of a naturally infected gull. Infective
      pentastomid eggs were obtained by surgically transplanting maturing female
      Reighardia, taken from freshly shot wild gulls, into captive recipients. Faecal
      material from birds thus artificially infected was collected daily and examined
      for eggs. Eggs were force fed to 33 hand-reared (from eggs or nestlings) juvenile
      gulls which were selected at random and sacrificed at intervals thereafter and
      examined for pentastomids. One hour after infection, primary larvae appear in the
      body cavity where they moult immediately. They grow steadily and by 27-35 days
      are sexually differentiated, and by 66 days have copulated. Fertilized females
      take a further 116 days to produce eggs by which time they are 7-6 cm long. The
      complex migrations undertaken by developing larvae in the gull, and the problems
      of the mechanism of direct transmission, are discussed.

PMID- 1202416
TI  - Some influences of population density on Hymenolepis diminuta in rats.
AB  - When measured 56 days postinfection the length, wet weight and dry weight of
      Hymenolepis diminuta were all found to decrease with increasing number of
      cysticercoids given up to 20. The mean position of the worms in 10, 12 and 20
      worm infections is significantly posterior to that of 1, 2 and 5 worm infections
      and the worms are attached over a wider area of the intestine. Egg production by
      the worms was followed up to day 56 postinfection; the number of eggs produced
      per worm and even per rat decreased with increasing population density. Thus the
      best way to get most eggs and to maintain the parasite in the laboratory is to
      have rats infected with only one tapeworm. Rats given 1-20 cysticercoids showed a
      mean recovery of 100-65%, while rats given 40-200 cysticercoids showed a mean
      recovery ranging from 13 to 2%. In addition to 'normal' worms, defined as worms
      greater than 10 mm, small, most probably destrobilated, worms were found. In the
      50 and 100 cysticercoid infections, worm recoveries were, respectively, 8%
      'normal', 16% small, and 2% 'normal', 5% small. From the significantly lower
      recovery from heavy infections it is concluded that a deleterious factor is
      operating during the 8 weeks after the infection.

PMID- 1202415
TI  - Observations on the development of Haemonchus contortus in young sheep given a
      single infection.
AB  - Worm free lambs 2-4 months old were given a single infection of 50,000 Haemonchus
      contortus larvae. The changes in packed red cell volume were compared with those
      of uninfected sheep and the infected sheep were divided into two groups according
      to the rate of change of packed cell volume. In group 1, packed cell volume fell
      sharply from the 10th day of infection and the sheep eventually died. In group 2,
      the fall was less marked and the packed cell volume returned to normal after
      about 40 days. The rates of increase of parasite body length and dry weight were
      compared for the two groups. Parasites in group 1 sheep grew more slowly than
      their group 2 contemporaries. Accurate planning of metabolic studies on H.
      contortus was made possible by using this information to predict the course of an
      infection and the size of the worms. Parasite development was also measured in
      sheep for which the packed cell volume was not recorded. Computer analysis showed
      that adult worm length increase did not follow a simple growth pattern starting
      from the last ecdysis, but consisted of a rapid elongation followed by a simple
      negative exponential increase. Dry weight increase also followed a negative
      exponential during the second phase. Measurements of dry weight as a percentage
      of wet weight indicated that the rapid elongation was possibly linked with cell
      enlargement by the uptake of water.

PMID- 1202417
TI  - Possible immunological damage to the tegument of Hymenolepis diminuta in mice and
      rats.
AB  - Opaque or darkened areas (DA) of variable size and position occur on Hymenolepis
      diminuta in mice and rats. In mice DA normally first appear in the neck region of
      the worm but subsequently they appear elsewhere and increase in number until
      destrobilation or worm expulsion. The posterior of destrobilated worms is often
      darkened. In the more immunogenic infections with six cysticercoids there are
      more DA per worm than in infections with one cysticercoid. DA are areas of the
      tegument with a homogeneous increase in electron density; abnormal mitochondria;
      reduced granular endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes and discoidal secretory
      bodies; and accumulation of lipid droplets. DA disappear from worms maintained
      for up to 4 h in Hanks' balanced salt solution and can be induced by mechanical
      damage to the worms. As the numbers of DA increase with the duration and
      intensity of infection and have similarities with types of cell injury, they are
      probably sites of worm pathology induced by host immunity.

PMID- 1202418
TI  - Increased lysosomal hydrolase activity in kidney and brain from the vitamin B6
      deficient developing rat.
AB  - Between 7 and 9 postnatal days, the kidney, spleen heart, and liver from vitamin
      B6-deficient young either plateaued and failed to gain weight or lost weight,
      whereas brain continued to gain weight but at a more reduced rate than normal.
      The level of cofactor in kidney of experimental animals was below that of
      controls at all time points studied. alpha-L-Fucosidase activity was already
      moderately increased in deficient kidney at 3 postnatal days and remained
      elevated throughout the time course. beta-D-galactosidase, acid phosphatase, and
      hexosaminidases A and B in vitamin B6-deficient young all showed moderate
      increases in activities after 9 days, at one or more time points. In brain, alpha
      L-fucosidase activity was increased somewhat throughout the time course, but
      changes in beta-D-glucuronidase, beta-D-galactosidase, alpha-D-mannosidase, acid
      phosphatase, and hexosaminidases A and B did not occur until after 7 postnatal
      days. When weights of kidney and brain were both normal, there was a marked
      elevation in alpha-L-fucosidase activity in these organs suggesting that this
      increase in enzyme activity may be a specific effect of vitamin B6 deficiency.
      Elevated alpha-L-fucosidase activity in kidhney may reflect alterations in fucose
      containing glycosubstances of glomerular basement membranes.

PMID- 1202419
TI  - The bilirubin-induced photodegradation of deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - The widespread use of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice has caused some concern
      since little is known about the cellular consequences of such treatment. The
      present study was undertaken to determine the effects of photoactivated bilirubin
      on the structure of purified deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA illuminated in the
      presence of bilirubin exhibited altered physical chemical properties as evidence
      by (1) a changed thermal helix coil transition profile, (2) a sensitivity of the
      treated DNA to alkaline degradation, and (3) a limited depolymerization of single
      stranded DNA. The above changes were observed with a total light dosage
      representing only 5% of that received by a newborn infant during a 24-hr period
      of phototherapy in our nursery. In view of the known relationship between ability
      to modify cellular DNA and mutagenic and/or carcinogenic potential, the present
      results suggest that phototherapy is a complex process which may have potentially
      dangerous sequelae.

PMID- 1202421
TI  - Polyamines in cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Polyamine concentrations have been measured in blood samples from a series of
      cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and control subjects. Analyses were made by a
      fluorometric method, in which the amines were reacted with dansyl chloride and
      separated by thin layer chromatography on Kieselguhr. There was no significant
      difference between the polyamine concentrations of blood samples from CF patients
      and control subjects. Also, the spermidine-spermine ratio was similar in both
      groups. Polyamines were also analyzed in exocrine fluids, and although none could
      be detected in either CF or control sweat or saliva, significant amounts of
      spermine and spermidine were present in all samples of bile and duodenal fluids.
      It thus seems likely that the biliary route is a significant pathway in the human
      for excretion of polyamines. The observation that polyamines are excreted in
      considerable concentrations via the bile in children may be of interest in view
      of the reports of elevated urinary polyamine concentrations in neoplastic states.
      Since measurable amounts of spermine and spermidine were detected in all six bile
      preparations available for this study, analysis of these substances in bile may
      be of benefit in particular cases.

PMID- 1202420
TI  - Maple syrup urine disease: analysis of branched chain ketoacid decarboxylation in
      cultured fibroblasts.
AB  - Kinetic data are presented for the decarboxylation of branched chain alpha
      ketoacids (BCKA) by intact human fibroblasts. Cultured cells of normal
      individuals and nine patients with different clinical pictures of maple syrup
      urine disease (MSUD) are studied with both alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (2-oxo-4
      methylpentanoic acid (KIC)) and alpha-ketoisovaleric acid (2-oxo-3-methylbutanoic
      acid (KIVA)) as substrates. One normal cell strain and one patient cell strain is
      analyzed with alpha-keto-beta-methyl-n-valeric acid (2-oxo-3-methylpentanoic acid
      (MEVA)) as a substrate. A biphasic degradation kinetic for each BCKA is obtained
      for normal control subjects. The component with higher substrate affinity is
      affected in MSUD: for KIC the normally hyperbolic substrate curve is changed to
      sigmoid shape, for KIVA and MEVA as substrates this component is not detectable
      at all. Considering qualitative aspects of the BCKA decarboxylation kinetics
      intact fibroblasts yield the same results as our recent studies with the
      decarboxylase moieties of partially purified kidney BCKA dehydrogenase of normal
      individuals and one patient with classic MSUD (27). The decarboxylation
      velocities for normal and patient fibroblasts with one exception differ widely at
      low but not at high substrate concentrations of BCKA. To get meaningful data on
      the residual substrate degradation activities with intact fibroblasts of
      different phenotypes of MSUD physiologically low substrate concentrations are
      required in the assay.

PMID- 1202422
TI  - Periluminal antigen in fetal kidneys.
AB  - Eighty-nine kidneys obtained from human fetuses, 6-31 weeks of gestational age,
      were studied for the presence of apical periluminal antigen. Sera of rats in
      which nephrotic renal disease had been produced and which were known to contain
      considerable amounts of periluminal antibodies were used. Of the less than 12
      week-old fetal kidneys, 24% showed the presence of periluminal antigen and this
      value increased (up to 100%) in older fetuses. It is believed that this
      observation favors the concept that this antigen is synthesized in proximal
      tubular cells rather than reabsorbed into them. This supports the concept that
      the experimental model is an endogenous complex disease. In accordance with these
      results, the disease incidence, using human fetal kidneys and kidneys obtained
      from newborn rats, was 60% and 62%, respectively.

PMID- 1202423
TI  - Deficiency of arginine esterase in cystic fibrosis of the pancreas: demonstration
      of the proteolytic nature of the activity.
AB  - Proteolytic activity, defined as the hydrolysis of peptide bonds involving the
      carboxyl group of L-arginine, in plasma of patients with cystic fibrosis,
      heterozygotes, and control subjects has been assayed using a fluorometric method
      with protamine as the substrate and fluorescamine as the reagent. The mean total
      proteolytic activity in plasma of patients with cystic fibrosis was approximately
      one-half the mean total activity in control subjects and heterozygotes. The mean
      proteolytic activity inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor in plasma of patients
      with cystic fibrosis was approximately one-third that of control subjects and
      heterozygotes. The relationship of arginine esterase activity to proteolytic
      activity was investigated. The pH optimum and action of reversible and
      irreversible inhibitors were similar for both activites, suggesting that the
      arginine esterase activity and proteolytic activity represent similar catalytic
      entities. These findings are consistent with our hypothesis that the basic defect
      in cystic fibrosis may reside in the deficieny of a proteolytic enzyme which
      results in the accumulation of the various cationic macromolecular "factors"
      described by other investigators in serum of patients with cystic fibrosis. The
      demonstration of a deficiency of proteolytic activity as assayed by the
      hydrolysis of protamine, a cationic polypeptide, could explain the presence of
      ciliotoxic cationic protein or polypeptide factors in serum of patients with
      cystic fibrosis and may, in some unknown manner, be related to the clinical
      manifestations of the disease.

PMID- 1202424
TI  - Effect of adrenergic blockade on glucagon and growth hormone secretion in normal
      and diabetic children.
AB  - Studies were conducted in four normal and six diabetic children to assess the
      role of adrenergic blockade on basal and arginine-stimulated growth hormone and
      glucagon secreation. Each subject had, on three separate occasions, infusion of
      arginine alone or in conjunction with alpha (phentolamine) or beta (propranolol)
      adrenergic blockade. Clinically, there was evidence of adequate blockade by each
      agent. Basal hormone growth levels were not significantly different in the two
      groups (1.3 +/- 0.2 to 2.1 +/- 1.0 ng/ml in normal subjects; 3.0 +/- 1.1 to 6.0
      +/- 3.1 ng/ml in diabetics (mean +/- 1 SEM)) but the peak growth hormone after
      arginine was significantly greater in the diabetic children than control subjects
      (34.3 +/- 7.2 versus 12.3 +/- 3.1); in both groups alpha-blockade suppressed the
      growth hormone response, whereas beta-blockade had no significant effect. Basal
      glucagon concentrations were similar in both groups (147 +/- 31 to 214 +/- 21
      pg/ml in normal subjects; 100 +/- 20 to 124 +/- 17 pg/ml in diabetics on three
      different occasions) despite the coexistent hyperglycemia of the diabetics.
      Neither basal nor maximally stimulated glucagon secretion was significantly
      affected by alpha or beta blockade in the juvenile diabetic or control children.
      The results suggest that sympathetic overactivity via alpha receptors may
      contribute to the hypersecretion of growth hormone in juvenile diabetes and that
      the alpha or beta adrenergic receptor alone does not appear to modulate basal or
      arginine stimulated glucagon secretion.

PMID- 1202425
TI  - [Parasites in reindeer calves--faeces examination (author's transl)].

PMID- 1202426
TI  - [Parasitic granulomas in reindeer. A histopathological, parasitological and
      bacteriological study (author's transl)].

PMID- 1202428
TI  - Studies on whole semen and epididymal contents in a bull with low post-thawing
      sperm motility.

PMID- 1202429
TI  - Outdoor activity level as a factor in the feline urological syndrome.

PMID- 1202427
TI  - Pyometra in the dog -- a pathophysiological investigation. I. The pyometra
      syndrome, a review.

PMID- 1202430
TI  - [Diagnosis of left auricular myxomas by echocardiography. 2 cases].
AB  - The echocardiograms of two patients with a myxoma of the left atrium are
      presented. In each case there was an abnormal echo mass visible in diastole
      behind the greater mitral cusp. In addition, in one case, the mass was seen in
      the left atrium in tricuspid and aortic projection. The diagnosis was not
      suspected clinically and it was the ultrasound examination, carried out on a
      routine basis, which led to its discovery. This noninvasive technique is thus a
      valuable study in the demonstration of myxomas of the left atrium.

PMID- 1202431
TI  - [The blood chloride-phosphorus ratio in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. 31
      parathyroid adenomas].
AB  - The authors relate their experience in the study of chloremia, phosphatemia and
      their relationship in the diagnosis of parathormonal hypersecretion states, 31
      cases of parathyroid adenoma are compared to 26 cases of hypercalcemia depending
      on other mechanisms. The studied relationship appears to be interesting in the
      diagnostic work-up of parathyroid adenoma as well as in appreciating the
      mechanism of hypercalcemia during the course of other neoplastic disorders.

PMID- 1202432
TI  - [Cerebral infarctions. Study of their prevention].
AB  - 1) In 113 patients with cerebral infarction, the cause of infarction was cardiac
      embolism in 35, atherosclerotic thromboembolism in 45. It was either cardiac
      embolism or atherosclerosis but undetermined in 30. 2) Seven risk factors have
      been analysed. Eight patients (7 p.cent) had none of these factors. In the 105
      remaining patients risk factors were: a) atrial fibrillation in 36, diagnosed in
      21. Efficient treatment was applied in 1 or perhaps in 2 patients; b) High blood
      pressure in 39, diagnosed in 32, efficiently treated in 5; c) dyslipidemia in 42,
      diagnosed in 9, efficiently treated in 3; d) obesity in 50, efficiently tackled
      in 2; e) diabetes in 24, diagnosed in 11, efficiently treated in 2; f)
      hyperuricemia in 28, diagnosed in 1 with no efficient treatment; g) smoking in
      44, abandonned by 1 only. 3) The high frequency of cardiac embolism is briefly
      commented. 4) Non diagnosis or unefficient treatment was present in a high
      proportion of cases. Realizing this regrettable state of affairs should result in
      better preventive diagnosis and treatment which, is assumed, could significantly
      reduce cerebral infarction.

PMID- 1202434
TI  - [The screw-in electrode: an electrode easy to implant in the epicardium].

PMID- 1202433
TI  - [Hysterical blindness after mourning].

PMID- 1202435
TI  - [Gynecological curietherapy by a single source of Co-60 in intermittent
      sessions].

PMID- 1202436
TI  - [Extraction of an endobronchial foreign body with a fiberscope. A further case].

PMID- 1202437
TI  - [Letter: Determination of IgE in children without asthma or parasitic diseases].

PMID- 1202438
TI  - [Letter: The Ammoniacal ferrous citrate test (T.A.F.C.) in hepatology].

PMID- 1202439
TI  - [Letter: The complement in allergy. In vitro activation of the complement in the
      presence of allergen (house dust)].

PMID- 1202440
TI  - [Letter: Bile acids in benign recurrent cholestasis].

PMID- 1202442
TI  - [Letter: Hyperoxaluria during malabsorption syndromes].

PMID- 1202441
TI  - [Letter: Hemorrhage of the fetus in its placenta. Compression of the umbilical
      cord during gemellary labor].

PMID- 1202443
TI  - [Laparotomy in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1202444
TI  - [Letter: Severe hyperthyroidism cured by thyroid hormone therapy].

PMID- 1202445
TI  - [Microbial hospitalism and scientific literature].

PMID- 1202446
TI  - [The closed door of the surgical wound: happy ending or happening?].

PMID- 1202447
TI  - ["Dietary fibers". Their role in pathology].

PMID- 1202449
TI  - [A new total hip prosthesis].

PMID- 1202448
TI  - [Operated primary bronchial cancer. Study of the survival of 560 patients].
AB  - 560 patients with primary broncho-pulmonary carcinoma underwent surgery, excision
      being possible in 78 p. cent. Overall post-operative survival is 29 p. cent at 5
      years and 11.5 p. cent at ten years. Among the various prognostic factors, lymph
      node involvement is the most important. In the most favourable cases, survival at
      5 years is 46 p. cent. Such a result shows that the prognosis in primary
      carcinoma of the lung is not as grim as it is usually said to be.

PMID- 1202450
TI  - [A new broad spectrum antihelminthic: pyrantel pamoate].

PMID- 1202451
TI  - [Letter: Catheterization in orificial aortic stenosis].

PMID- 1202453
TI  - [Letter: An unexpected complication of wiring fingers in hyperextension].

PMID- 1202452
TI  - [Letter: Hypoglycemia after perhexiline maleate].

PMID- 1202454
TI  - [Letter: A new test of exploration of thyroid function].

PMID- 1202455
TI  - [Letter: Insertion of a catheter in an atrium or in the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 1202456
TI  - [Letter: Serum lysozyme during Crohn's enteritis].

PMID- 1202458
TI  - [Argument for a specific pedagogy of emergency medicine].

PMID- 1202457
TI  - [Letter: Modeling of atrio-ventricular conduction in man].

PMID- 1202459
TI  - [Labile arterial hypertension. Hemodynamic study with measurement of renin
      activity].
AB  - Plasma renin activity (PRA) was increased and highly sensitive to stimulation in
      eight cases of labile hypertension (HT), which were also studied
      haemodynamically. This increase in PRA would appear to result from neuro
      adrenergic hyperactivity. The haemodynamic were characterised by a diversity
      which may be explained on the basis of differentiated sympathetic hyperactivity:
      exclusive or predominant beta-adrenergic activity causing a hyperkinetic cardiac
      state with moderate HT adapted to the increased cardiac output; A simultaneous
      alpha- and beta-adrenergic activity resulting in cardiac hyperkinesis with a
      relative or potential increase in peripheral resistance; isolated or predominant
      alpha-adrenergic hyperactivity causing a potential increase in peripheral
      resistance revealed or increased by effort, in the presence of a normal cardiac
      output. In certain cases of labile HT however, despite an increased PRA,
      haemodynamic findings were normal at rest and with effort, at the time of
      catheterisation.

PMID- 1202460
TI  - [Aortic ruptures in traffic accident traumatology].
AB  - 8 cases of rupture of the aorta seen in a series of 62 autopsies were studied in
      the context of a multidisciplinary enquiry into road accidents. In the light of
      these cases, the literature and experimental findings, different mechanisms are
      described, an essential step in the prevention of this lesion which is the main
      cause of death in 15 p. cent of cases.

PMID- 1202461
TI  - [Letter: True precocious puberty caused by congenital hydrocephalus. Exploration
      of the hypothalamo-hypophyso-ovarian axis].

PMID- 1202462
TI  - [Letter: Gastro-esophageal reflux in mucoviscidosis].

PMID- 1202463
TI  - [Letter: Human rabies after 10 days' incubation, in spite of sero-vaccinal
      treatment].

PMID- 1202464
TI  - [Letter: Cardiac hemodynamics before and after physical rehabilitation in
      coronary patients].

PMID- 1202465
TI  - [Letter: Fatal complication of pregnancy interruption (Karman method)].

PMID- 1202467
TI  - [Letter: Determination of uroporphyrinogen I synthetase in intermittent acute
      porphyria. 7 cases].

PMID- 1202466
TI  - [Letter: Intra-articular passage of isoniazid and ethambutol. 2 cases of
      tuberculous synovitis of the knee].

PMID- 1202468
TI  - The treatment of parkinsonism.

PMID- 1202469
TI  - The treatment of urinary tract infection.
AB  - Urinary infections are due to organisms gaining entry from the genital area and
      are therefore much commoner in females than in males. In male patients of any age
      urinary infection is often associated with some underlying abnormality and
      warrants full investigation. Recurrent infections in girl children may lead to
      renal scarring and later impairment of function and require careful management.
      Occult infections occur. The majority of patients with urinary symptoms are adult
      women, and symptoms tend to recur. These can produce great distress but in this
      age-group they do not lead to renal scarring. When symptoms occur for the first
      time during pregnancy they are associated with a high prevalence of underlying
      radiological abnormalities and should be investigated after the pregnancy. Care
      should be taken to ensure that apparent uprinary symptoms due to other causes are
      not mistakenly treated with antibiotics. The immediate management of patients
      with urinary symptoms consists in relief of discomfort, combined with treatment
      by an antibacterial drug appropriate for the infecting organism. The urine
      culture should be repeated after the course of treatment. Simple measures can
      prevent or reduce recurrences in adult women.

PMID- 1202470
TI  - The drug treatment of leprosy.

PMID- 1202471
TI  - Hormonal contraception: the current situation.

PMID- 1202472
TI  - Sensible prescribing.

PMID- 1202473
TI  - Disorders of the special senses in the older patient.

PMID- 1202474
TI  - Disturbed behaviour in the older patient.

PMID- 1202475
TI  - Endocrine disturbances in the older patient.

PMID- 1202476
TI  - Dietary problems in the older patient.

PMID- 1202477
TI  - Longevity among writers who lived in India.

PMID- 1202479
TI  - Recent advances in the pathology of olfaction.

PMID- 1202478
TI  - The management of pregnancy in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - A personal series of 100 consecutive diabetic pregnancies of over 28 weeks'
      gestation in 78 mothers during the period from January 1961 to June 1973, is
      described. There were 92 live births (including two pairs of twins) and 10 foetal
      deaths (9.8 per cent). The findings show that in diabetic pregnancies good
      results can be obtained by meticulous control and carefully coordinated obstetric
      and paediatric care.

PMID- 1202480
TI  - Aberrations of the sense of smell in head injury and cerebral tumours.

PMID- 1202481
TI  - Disturbance in the sense of smell in psychiatric patients.

PMID- 1202482
TI  - Failures in the management of congenital hip displacement in the newborn.
AB  - Congenital hip displacement in the newborn presents in two forms: (1) Those
      babies in whom the capsule of the hip-joint is mechanically stretched.
      Spontaneous reduction and recovery is high in this group, if the babies are
      nursed in the prone posture with double nappies (Fig 5). (2) One in a thousand
      babies is born with infolding of the posterior capsule and secondary contracture
      of the anterior capsule. This soft tissue deformation occurs in varying degrees,
      but it frequently prevents spontaneous reduction. Most of these cases are missed
      and present as infantile congenital hip displacements, when the child is 12-18
      months old. In those who are unfortunate enough to be detected and treated
      conservatively, in the first year of life, there is a high risk of iatrogenic
      bony deformation. For, as in talipes equinovarus, the bony components of the
      neonatal hip-joint are more susceptible to mechanical compression than the soft
      tissue structures.

PMID- 1202483
TI  - Flexor tenotomy in the treatment of curly toes.

PMID- 1202484
TI  - Some aspects of the history of leprosy: the leprosie of yesterday.

PMID- 1202485
TI  - The Todd commission's assumptions and proposals.

PMID- 1202486
TI  - The changing numbers of women students.

PMID- 1202487
TI  - How many doctors? Changing contractural situations.

PMID- 1202488
TI  - Morphological and functional factors in prostatitis and its complications.

PMID- 1202489
TI  - Thalassaemia in Cyprus.

PMID- 1202490
TI  - Lindau's disease.

PMID- 1202491
TI  - Squamous carcinoma in a squamous-lined bladder.

PMID- 1202492
TI  - Multiple aneurysms in a child.

PMID- 1202493
TI  - Woodworm and the bladder.

PMID- 1202494
TI  - Haematoporphyrins in the diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the bladder.
AB  - The localization of an haematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) was studied in the
      operative specimens of three patients with carcinoma of the bladder. The drug was
      found to localize preferentially in malignant and premalignant mucosa and not in
      normal bladder tissues. It is suggested that HpD fluorescence might be useful as
      a diagnostic aid and its photosensitizing properties be used as a mode of therapy
      for carcinoma of the bladder.

PMID- 1202495
TI  - Introduction to the pharmacology and physiology of itch.

PMID- 1202496
TI  - Studies of scratching during sleep.

PMID- 1202497
TI  - Confluent and reticulate papillomatosis (two cases).

PMID- 1202498
TI  - Hereditary hypotrichosis (Marie-Unna type) (two cases).

PMID- 1202499
TI  - Pigmentary changes following chloroquine.

PMID- 1202500
TI  - An approach to the surveying of radiation environments for radiation protection
      purposes.
AB  - Many of the inadequacies of the system presently used for surveying environments
      containing penetrating radiation stem from the impossibility of defining a
      radiation parameter which is additive, measurable and closely related to peak
      dose equivalent in the body. Many of the present conceptual difficulties would be
      eliminated if surveys were made in terms of a quantity 'dose equivalent ceiling'
      defined as the sum of the peak dose equivalents generated by all the components
      of the field if each were incident normally to the front face of an
      anthropomorphic phantom. 'Dose equivalent ceiling' is close to the quantity
      measured by existing instruments, is both additive and measurable, and can be
      rigorously related to primary radiation field quantities. It is always greater
      than peak dose equivalent in the body, and would be used to define an exposure
      period during which a given dose equivalent could not be exceeded. The dose to
      specific parts of the person's body would then be estimated by personal
      dosimetry. Fields of low penetrating radiation could continue to be surveyed in
      terms of dose to specific superficial organs. Dose equivalent ceiling, which
      corresponds to the instrumental measurement, exceeds dose equivalent index, an
      indication of peak dose equivalent in the body, by a factor which can be as large
      as six.

PMID- 1202501
TI  - Trace element distributions across the diameter of human hair.

PMID- 1202502
TI  - The effect of the electrolyte applied to the surface of the skin on the measured
      electrical potential difference in vivo; an explanation of the apparently
      contradictory results in the literature.

PMID- 1202504
TI  - Letter: The new special names of SI units in the field of ionizing radiations.

PMID- 1202503
TI  - The measurement of the ostwald solubility coefficient of krypton in blood and
      ocular tissue.

PMID- 1202505
TI  - Letter: On the quantity to be measured with beta-ray dosemeters.

PMID- 1202506
TI  - Letter: Muonic X-rays from healthy dog liver and dog liver with a tumour.

PMID- 1202507
TI  - Study of contrast and modulation mechanisms in X-ray/photon transverse axial
      transmission tomography.
AB  - The ultimate capabibity and a detailed study of contrast and modulation in the
      context of photon transmission tomography (or computerized transverse axial
      tomography (CTAT)) is presented. Quantitative evaluation of atomic number,
      density and electron density of compound materials were made by X-ray
      fluorescence and combustion analysis, and the attenuation coefficients of
      photoelectric and Compton effect were measured with high resolution Ge(Li) and
      Si(Li) detectors. This study provides a guide to an understanding of the high
      resolution of the currently existing X-ray transmission CTAT scanner (EMI
      scanner) and to the future development of high resolution scanners.

PMID- 1202508
TI  - Spectra and dosimetry related to neutron irradiations of the human body.
AB  - Neutron spectra at various locations in a phantom, irradiated by collimated beams
      of 14 MeV neutrons and neutrons from 252 Cf and Po-Be sources, were calculated
      using the Monte Carlo technique. These spectra give an indication of the
      distortion in source spectra associated with neutron irradiations of the body for
      therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The effect of the spectral distortions on
      the dose response of several activation and damage track detectors was
      investigated. Of the dosemeters studied, Np has a dose response most nearly
      independent (+/-10%) of the spectral changes.

PMID- 1202509
TI  - An approach to microdosimetry in a pi- meson beam using nuclear emulsions.
AB  - K5 emulsions 10 mum thick were exposed at various depths in a perspex phantom to
      a 70 MeV pi- meson beam and counts taken of the tracks in emulsion volumes 7x7x10
      mum3. Data are presented on the number of track events and also the total number
      of grains associated with each event in each of four categories spanning the LET
      range of the secondary particles. The number of heavy tracks (category 4) shows
      an increased incidence in the region of the stopping pi- mesons (14-5 cm in
      perspex) while the number of single grains (category 1) decreases with depth.
      Categories 2 and 3 (grain clusters and light tracks) are approximately constant
      with depth. An estimate of the grain sensitivity is obtained by taking the proton
      as representative of the whole range of secondary particles. This procedure gives
      a value of 5 keV per grain in the pi- peak. The LET of light tracks was therefore
      in the range 1-10 keV mum-1 in emulsion, scaling to 0-4-4 keV mum-1 in water.
      Heavy tracks have LET values in excess of 4 keV mum-1 in water.

PMID- 1202510
TI  - Cross-sections for the inactivation of ribonuclease by slow heavy ions.
AB  - Average cross-sections for inactivation of dry ribonuclease by H, He and N
      projectiles with energies between 100 eV and 10 keV are presented. The trend of
      the damage cross-sections with particle energy is consistent with the trend of
      the molecular quasi-elastic scattering and ionization cross-sections. A tentative
      radiation damage model is proposed in which single hit damage attributed to
      direct physical interactions by the primary and secondary radiations is
      supplemented by chemical action of the elastically scattered knock-on atoms which
      inactivate additional targets with an efficiency of 50-100%. Further experiments
      at energies below 100 eV are required for positive confirmation of the chemical
      efficiency. Free electrons (sub-ionizing) are chemically relatively innocuous
      (less than 10% efficiency). Saturation effects are satisfactorily accounted for
      in this model. Inactivation penetration depths measured in the microcrystalline
      enzyme agree with the theoretical predictions if a residual range of about 8 mug
      cm-2 is included. The mean energy expenditure to produce inactivation of a
      ribonuclease molecule is found to vary from 30 eV for 100 eV protons to 220 eV He
      and N ions.

PMID- 1202511
TI  - Hit cross-sections in single target theory.
AB  - A theoretical single target, single or multi-hit model for the biological effect
      cross-section for charged particles and gamma rays is expressed in terms of the
      fundamental physical interaction cross-sections. The model allows for the
      chemical action of the fragments and includes correction for saturation effects.
      An interesting conclusion, based on very limited experimental evidence, is that
      there are prospects of constructing a new system of radiation dosimetry with only
      two significant parameters; the effective volume of the target and the
      concentration of events. No energy parameters are necessary.

PMID- 1202512
TI  - Experimental determination of W for oxygen ions in nitrogen.
AB  - 'Differential' and integral measurements were made of the W value (average energy
      required to form an ion pair) for oxygen ions in nitrogen gas. A variable
      pressure cylindrical ionization chamber with a differential pumping section was
      employed. The average energy deposited per particle in the chamber was determined
      by integrating the energy spectrum measured with a heavy ion solid state
      detector. In the integral measurement of W, the particle was completely stopped
      in the chamber and the total ionization produced in the chamber was measured. The
      integral W value for 34-5 MeV oxygen ions was found to be 38-6 +/- 0-54 eV per
      ion pair. For 'differential' measurements, the pressure in the chamber was raised
      to 0-003, 1, 5, 15 and 20 Torr; and measurements of ionization currents and
      average energy deposited per particle were made at each pressure. From
      differences between these measurements 'differential' W was found. The average
      value of fifteen 'differential' W values was found to be 38-6 +/- 1-16 eV per ion
      pair.

PMID- 1202513
TI  - Secondary radiation from a spherical tissue-equivalent phantom irradiated with
      60Co gamma radiation and 6 MV X-rays.
AB  - The angular dependence and the dependence on the phantom mass of the secondary
      exposure rate from spherical tissue-equivalent phantoms irradiated with 60Co
      gamma radiation and 6 MV X-rays have been investigated both by measurement and by
      calculation using the Monte Carlo method and approximate methods. A nonlinear
      dependence on the phantom mass was found. Calculation of the differential photon
      fluence was also made. These measurements and calculations can be used when
      calculating the required barrier thickness for walls which are not hit by primary
      radiation.

PMID- 1202514
TI  - Experimental X-ray attenuation coefficients at low photon energies for substances
      of medical importance.
AB  - Recent experimental values of X-ray mass attenuation coefficients for the
      elements zota = 6 to zota = 18 in the energy range from 4 to 25 keV suggest
      improvements to the data set presented in the ICRU Report 17. The results are,
      however, in excellent agreement with the theoretical data of Storm and Israel
      (1970). Values of mass attenuation coefficient for these elements and for a
      selection of materials of medical and biological importance are presented.

PMID- 1202515
TI  - Rapid depth dose determination by a computer-controlled dosimetry system.
AB  - A comprehensive depth dose measuring system controlled by a small computer has
      been designed to enable full depth dose information for a linear accelerator to
      be obtained within one day. An ionization microchamber is moved rapidly under
      computer control in a horizontal plane to preselected points within a water
      phantom by two stepping motors to a spatial resolution of 0-025 mm. The
      ionization current pulses are converted to DC voltages by an interface providing
      complete charge integration and yet having a rapid response to drastic changes in
      dose level. These are fed to the computer for analysis and subsequent conversion
      to depth dose data. The chamber path follows a preselected fan-shaped grid after
      automatic determination of the X-ray beam central axis. The combination of rapid
      chamber motion with halts for charge integration and computer sampling has
      resulted in fast data acquisition independent of measurement response times. This
      information, which is stored on disc, can be directly read by a treatment
      planning program. The overall accuracy of measurement lies within 0-5% of the
      true depth dose at any point. Central axis and transverse profiles can be
      assessed at the time of measurement through visualization on the computer storage
      oscilloscope.

PMID- 1202516
TI  - Ion distributions in plane and cylindrical chambers.
AB  - The ion chamber equations of Thomson include both ion recombination and space
      charge terms. Neglecting the space-charge term, an exact solution is obtained for
      the ion densities across a plane ionization chamber. The method is extended to
      the cylindrical chamber, and examples are given of the expected ion distributions
      in both geometries. Current-voltage relationships are derived for both chambers
      and compared with those of other workers. If the space-charge term is retained,
      the ion chamber equations for both geometries are not soluble in closed form. The
      cylindrical chamber is considered and a computer solution is obtained for the ion
      distributions and current. Comparison with the nonspace-charge solution shows
      that while there is only a small difference in the current-voltage relationship,
      a significant difference can occur in the ion concentrations.

PMID- 1202517
TI  - [Prevention of venous thrombosis in surgery. Very brief advice].
AB  - Avoid immobilization before and immediately after the operation : do not rely
      simply on raising of the legs but ensure that the patient walks as soon as po
      sible. Apply elastic support bandages to the lower limbs before, during, and
      after the operation. Limit the duration of the operation and of the general
      anaesthesia. Reduce trauma of the vessels to a minimum during the operation. Give
      aspirin before and after the operation : 3 X 0,50 g.

PMID- 1202518
TI  - [Postoperative preventive anticoagulant therapy. Apropos of 1200 cases].

PMID- 1202519
TI  - [General practitioner's approach to deep phlebitides of the leg].
AB  - The approach of a general practitioner to deep phlebitis of the lower limbs.

PMID- 1202520
TI  - [Approach of the general practitioner to deep phlebitides of the leg].
AB  - The author recalls that it is not only difficult but often impossible to diagnose
      venous thrombosis and to establish the frequency with which pulmonary embolisms
      are not recognized. He also deals thoroughly with the subject of anticoagulant
      therapy. He does not consider age to be a contraindication but does regard
      lesions that bleed as such. However, lack of discipline on the part of the
      patient and his family constitutes a real contraindication of a psychological
      type, in certain cases. The author considers that the association of
      anticoagulants and anti-inflammatory drugs is dangerous.

PMID- 1202521
TI  - [Cardiologist's approach to deep phlebitides of the leg].
AB  - The frequency with which pulmonary embolism remains unrecognized clinically is
      well known and explains the value of pulmonary scintigraphy when there is the
      slightest suspicion of pulmonary embolism or in cases of unexplained dyspnoea of
      effort after a standard cardiac and pleuro-pulmonary examination. The practical
      value of a regular pre-operative electrocardiogram and of anticoagulant treatment
      during the acute phase of myocardial infarction are emphasized. Certain
      precautions to be observed during the use of antivitamins K in cases of heart
      failure are outlined.

PMID- 1202522
TI  - [Approach of the gynecologist-obstetrician to deep phlebitis of the leg].
AB  - The authors recall that early diagnosis and treatment are essential if cure
      without sequelae is to be obtained. The principle of treatment is based on two
      essential phases : heparinization (with continuous infusion), antivitamins K,
      which follow on. Several products, known empirically, may be used in addition,
      either during the acute phase (hydergine, infiltrations of novocaine, etc.) or
      during the secondary phase (vitamins P associated with vitamin E, ETC.). Special
      points :phlebitis during pregnancy requires heparin treatment of short duration.
      Antivitamins K are strictly contraindicated and ineffective ; great importance is
      attached to prophyllaxis.

PMID- 1202523
TI  - [Psychiatrist's attitude towards deep phlebitides of the leg].
AB  - Intervening at the end of the debate, the psychiatrist may be tempted to analyse
      the role played by the therapist's anxiety in the sometimes impassioned
      discussions on certain aspects of the preventive treatment of phlebothromboses.
      How can one remain indifferent to the risk of a pulmonary embolism ; these are
      sometimes mortal following such common happenings as childbirth, a simple
      surgical operation, or a sleep cure? In the domain of psychiatric diseases, the
      problem has been considered solved over the last ten years in that the technique
      of daily active and passive mobilization has been rigourously applied each time
      that treatment necessitated rest in bed : in effect, this technique alone has
      resulted in the complete disappearance of phlebothrombosis and its resulting
      embolic complications in both hospital services and clinics.

PMID- 1202524
TI  - [Our experience with functional ascending cinephlebography].
AB  - Over the last three years, ascending, functional cine-phlebography has been used
      on 43 patients with different lesions of the venous system. The patient is placed
      in the decubitus dorsal position, on a radiological table inclined at 70 degrees.
      The opaque liquid is injected into the dorsal vein of the foot. Its movement is
      helped by the flexing of the muscles of the leg, and is followed on a screen.
      This method makes it possible to follow the morphological and functional aspects
      of the veins of the lower limbs. In this way it is possible to assess valvular
      function, the location of the perforating veins and their competence, the limits
      of a thrombosis, and the therapeutic results. This examination, which is painless
      and harmless, makes it possible to improve the precision of the diagnosis in
      patients with different vein lesions, and gives most valuable information on the
      functioning of the venous system of the lower limbs.

PMID- 1202525
TI  - [Activity of a combined preparation of melilot extract and water-soluble rutin on
      trophic disorders of vascular origin of the leg].

PMID- 1202526
TI  - [Biological supervision of heparin therapy].
AB  - Laboratory surveillance of heparin therapy includes a simplied investigation of
      haemostasis before the treatment (Quick's time, the cephalin-kaolin time,
      fibrinogen, platelet count) and requires exact adherence to the timetable of
      injections and taking of samples. According to the degree of hypocoagulability
      desired, there is a choice between the three tests most often used (Howell's
      test, heparinaemia, cephalin-kaolin time). For the control of a high degree of
      hypocoagulability the Howell's time is the best guide. On the other hand, for the
      surveillance of moderate hypocoagulability (preventive treatment) it is
      preferable to combine two of these three tests.

PMID- 1202527
TI  - [Anti-K vitamins].
AB  - Antivitamins K remain the anticoagulant of choice when treatment lasts several
      days, because they can be ingested orally, and they require relatively in
      frequent laboratory tests, and because of the absence of any superior
      haematological treatments for thrombosis. Physiological studies have explained
      the effects on the anticoagulant action of the antivitamins K, of imbalance of
      the intestinal microbial flora and of pathological changes in diuresis. This
      knowledge is indispensable for national treatment. Surveillance by means of
      laboratory tests remains indispensable but continues to pose practical problems,
      as non-specialized biologists have difficulty in achieving the necessary basic
      conditions (quality of venous puncture, control and test...). Determination of
      the Quick time remains the most practical method. Laboratory determination of the
      different constituents of the prothrombin complex makes it possible to regulate
      perfectly the treatment with antivitamins K of a patient who is also receiving
      heparin.

PMID- 1202528
TI  - [Anticoagulants and the prevention of deep venous thrombosis of the leg].
AB  - Because of its frequency, the risk of migration to the lungs, and the gravity of
      the sequelae, phlebitis requires prophylaxis even more than a curative treatment.
      The ideal prophylactic agent should have, on one hand, an efficacity equal or
      superior to that of existing therapeutic agents--heparin and antivitamin K--and,
      on the other hand, should be easy to administer, should not result in haemoragic
      complications, and should not necessitate complex laboratory tests, these last
      three conditions not being fulfilled by either heparin or by the antivitamins K.
      These disadvantages probably explain the present vogue for anti-aggregant
      substances. Nevertheless, the knowledge of the primordial role of stasis and the
      phenomena of coagulation, and not least the platelets, in the matter of venous
      thrombogenesis, and knowledge of the results of studies on experimental
      thrombosis and of the first clinical trials lead to the conclusion that it is
      dangerous, at least at the moment, to abandon therapy for the prevention of
      venous thrombosis the efficacity of which is certain (heparin), in favour of
      substances the efficacity of which only hypothetical(anti-aggregants).

PMID- 1202529
TI  - [Medical treatment of deep phlebitis of the leg (excluding post-phlebitic
      disease). Introduction].

PMID- 1202530
TI  - [Aspirin as treatment for platelet aggregation].
AB  - The efficacity of therapy against platelet aggregation, as a preventive treatment
      in cases of venous thrombosis has been questioned : however, some good, little
      known pieces of work suggest that such treatment is of value.

PMID- 1202531
TI  - [Fibrinolytics and defibrinating agents].
AB  - Therapeutic fibrinolysis represents the only logical means of curing thromboses,
      by assuring the destruction of the thrombus. This kind of therapy, which was
      introduced clincally over 10 years ago, has been used on only a limited scale
      because of the high risk of haemorrhage and the need for highly specialized
      laboratory control tests. Different methods of administration, overcoming one or
      other of these disadvantages, have resulted recently in its wider use but this
      has been accompanied by a reduction in efficacity. The very satisfactory clinical
      results obtained in some cases remain limited and thus in this context the
      indications should not be restricted.

PMID- 1202532
TI  - [Aspects of defibrinogenation therapy].
AB  - Fibrinolysis threatment works by means of enzymatic action. It is an effective
      therapy for occlusive disease of the arteries at Fontaine's stages III and IV.
      New developments in this treatment will be of interest to phlebologists in the
      near future. No studies have been reported in the world literature that broaden
      the present indications : critical study is still required.

PMID- 1202533
TI  - [Place of anti-inflammatory agents in the prevention of deep phlebitis].
AB  - The inflammatory reaction includes, after an initial tissue lesion, a catabolic
      phase with proteolysis, an exudative reaction phase, and finally an anabolic
      phase with the formation of an inflammatory granuloma. The reaction should be
      considered, however, as an initial inflammation, rapid and limited to the
      affected tissues, and a secondary inflammation induced at a distance by a humoral
      mechanism with the appearance of pathological globulins. Only certain anti
      inflammatory agents act at these two levels : steroids and non-steroids.
      Corticosteroids can be used effectively in small doses. Courses of salicylates
      are difficult to manage and are not standardized. Fenamates and indometacine lead
      to psychiatric disorders. The only useful drugs are phenylbutazone and
      hydroxyphenylbutazone. These two drugs can be used alone, or in combination, or
      eventually being superseded by anti-coagulants. As they are derived from
      pyrazolidine, they are above all preventive. Their absorption in the digestive
      tract is rapid and almost complete ; the maximum plasma concentration occurs 2-4
      h. after injection. Delayed accidents occur 7-15 days after the last dose.
      Suppotanderil and suppophenylbutazone are used at the dose of 250ml, 2 or 3 times
      a day. They may be combined with AVK depending on the clinical signs and the
      prothrombin and Howell's time. These drugs are contraindicated in patients with
      ulcers, with haematological diseases, and with severe cirrhosis. They should
      always be replaced straight away by anti-coagulants in patients with valve
      prostheses or with severe rhythm disorders.

PMID- 1202534
TI  - [Prevention of complications of ligation of the inferior vena cava in recent
      emboligenic phlebitides].
AB  - Ligature of the inferior vena cava, which is often necessary, is usually
      complicated by severe oedema of the lower limbs. The wearing of an appropriate
      support bandage over a period of several months will overcome this oedema.

PMID- 1202535
TI  - [Therapeutic methods which affect vasomotricity].

PMID- 1202536
TI  - [Heparins].
AB  - For the therapist, there is only one heparin, characterized by its anticoagulant
      action, but two methods of administration : intravenous and subcutaneous. Heparin
      is a true anticoagulant, and directly opposes fibrin formation (antithrombotic
      action) and potentiates the inactivation of prothrombinase ; this global action,
      immediately effective, makes heparin undoubtedly superior to the antivitamins K.
      Nevertheless, its action on thrombogenesis is incomplete : it reacts only
      slightly or not at all on platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis. In the treatment
      of phebitis, its efficacity is closely bound with its rational use : early use,
      continuous and sufficiently prolonged infusion, and carefully adapted dosage are
      the key factors. The practice of interrupted intravenous injections should be
      abandoned because it is illogical and dangerous. The subcutaneous method ensures
      a heparinotherapy in all ways closely comparable with the ideal perfusion.
      Accidents during heparin therapy are neither more frequent nor more serious than
      those of a really efficient treatment with antivitamins K. At present, heparin is
      our most effective weapon in the prevention of post-surgical phlebitis.

PMID- 1202537
TI  - [Vasomotor substances and anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of
      phlebitis].
AB  - Intrafemoral injections of substances known as "vasodilators" are still of the
      utmost value in the treatment of deep phlebitis as are the anti-inflammatory
      drugs, particularly in their injectable forms (Butazolidine, Ketazone). The
      indications are : cases of phlebitis that are just developing ; failure of
      anticoagulants ; and contraindications to the use of anticoagulants, notably
      phlebitis during pregnancy. As always in the treatment of phlebitis, therapeutic
      results are only complete and lasting if an effective support bandage is also
      applied.

PMID- 1202538
TI  - [Phlebological treatments in deep phlebitides].

PMID- 1202539
TI  - [Treatment of "shock" in deep phlebitis of the leg].

PMID- 1202540
TI  - [General surgeon's approach to deep phlebitis of the leg].
AB  - The therapeutic problems of the general surgeon, faced with a case of deep
      phlebitis of the lower limbs, differ according to whether it is diagnosed before
      or after surgery. If possible, pre-surgical phlebitis should be treated before
      the operation. Heparinotherapy remains the basic treatment. But there are
      numerous arguments against, or for the modification of, its use : old age,
      haemorrhagic lesions, haemorrhagic risks during surgery, or simply great
      operational urgency. In all these cases, an elastic bandage is invaluable.
      Treatment of post-operative phlebitis is also based on the heparins, combined if
      necessary with antibiotics and corticoids, but these products can result in
      iatrogenic complications (ulcers, haemorrhage). It is often difficult to choose
      between embolic and haemorrhagic risks ; it is always easy to apply an elastic
      bandage which suffices in most cases to remove the inflammatory signs of the
      phlebitis. This problem is not so frequent since systematic prevention has made
      post-operative phlebitis more rare. The use of anticoagulants in vascular surgery
      seems to the authors to be not so much an effective therapeutic method as a
      method to be feaved close surveillance of coagulation is indispensable during
      treatment.

PMID- 1202542
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of early thrombosis in injuries].

PMID- 1202541
TI  - [Preventive and therapeutic approach to deep phlebitis of the leg].
AB  - Preventive and therapeutic approaches in cases of deep thrombosis of the lower
      limbs.

PMID- 1202543
TI  - [Thromboembolic risks and surgery for varicose veins].
AB  - The authors carried out a study on 53 patients operated on for varices with the
      object of determining the risk of postoperative thromboembolism. They tried to
      answer three questions : 1) What is the magnitude of the risk of thromboembolism
      after this kind of surgery? 2) What is the value of the different methods of
      detection available? 3) What attitude should be adopted towards therapy, not of
      thromboembolism as a complication, but of the threat of thromboembolism?

PMID- 1202544
TI  - Voluntary control of penile tumescence.
AB  - This study investigated the voluntary control of penile tumescence in the absence
      of external erotic stimulation. Twelve experimental subjects were given analogue
      visual feedback and monetary rewards for increase in penile diameter as measured
      by a strain gauge. Twelve control subjects were given no analogue feedback and
      noncontingent rewards but the same instructions to maximize erections. While both
      groups were capable of voluntary penile tumescence, significantly improved
      performance was observed in the experimental group. Two distinct
      psychophysiological patterns of voluntary penile tumescence were observed. A
      "tension" pattern was associated with marked heart rate acceleration, irregular
      respiration, and variable penile response. A "relaxation" pattern was associated
      with stable heart rate, regular respiration, and smooth tumescence curves. In
      using these procedures for the treatment of sexual dysfunctions, it is suggested
      that feedback and reward be given for a combined pattern of sexual and autonomic
      responses.

PMID- 1202545
TI  - Negative affect and plasma testosterone: a longitudinal human study.
AB  - The association between mood and plasma testosterone was investigated. Every
      second day for 2 months, a Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist was filled out by
      20 young men. Blood samples taken at the same time were analyzed for testosterone
      concentration. Relationships between hostility, anxiety, and depression and
      plasma testosterone levels were tested both within and across individuals.
      Intrasubject correlation coefficients between affects and hormone were fairly
      evenly distributed between positive and negative values, some significant on
      either side. Intersubject correlation coefficients were all positivie. Between
      depression and testosterone, the correlation was significant only at the 10%
      level; between the other two affects and testosterone, the correlations were not
      significant.

PMID- 1202546
TI  - Letter: The use of psychological test data to predict open-heart surgery outcome.

PMID- 1202547
TI  - Problems of psychotherapy of patients with alexithymic characteristics and
      physical disease.
AB  - The principles which govern the kind of psychotherapy best suited for patients
      with physical disease who may or may not have alexithymic characteristics are
      based on the careful psychiatric evaluation of the patient's psychological
      difficulties, and on the early cooperation between the psychiatrist and his
      medical colleagues. The nature of the alexithymic phenomena is discussed and the
      words 'affect', 'emotion' and 'feeling' are defined. Supportive psychotherapeutic
      measures are indicated for patients with alexithymic characteristics. These can
      be offered by the medical personnel in consultation with a psychiatrist.
      Psychodynamic psychotherapy, on the other hand, offered by a well-qualified
      psychiatrist is the treatment of choice for neurotic problems which complicate
      the patient's physical illness.

PMID- 1202548
TI  - Measuring body image. Preliminary report on a new method.
AB  - A new, very simple and inexpensive METHOD FOR MEASUREING BODY IMage is described.
      A number of female patients with different somatic complaints were investigated.
      A specific patterning of body image related to the localization of somatic
      complaints is revealed. Anorexic and obese patients have an overall larger body
      image while the distortions in other conditions mostly go on the elevation in the
      vertical axis. Different aspects of this way of measuring body image are
      discussed, but the difference of the patterning is clear. This is a preliminary
      report on the new method.

PMID- 1202549
TI  - Hypnosis, stimulus preference and autonomic response.
AB  - We investigated whether stimuli consisting of beautiful and ugly colours as
      judged by human subjects elicit different autonomic response patterns. The
      autonomic functions recorded were heart rate (HR) respiration rate, skin
      conductance, number of GSFs (nGSR) and also eye movements, as an index of somatic
      activity. In order to obtain strong responses, i.e. to avoid inhibition of
      'natural' responses by anxiety due to the laboratory setting, we made use of post
      hypnotic suggestions regarding the nature of the stimuli the subjects were to
      expect. It appeared that for all but one autonomic function differences could be
      found between beautiful and ugly stimuli, in the sense that during the ugly
      stimuli more 'activation' occurred. The direction of HR change during the
      beauriful stimuli was opposite to those of the other functions. Effect of
      hypnosis on autonomic response could be substantiated for HR and nGSR. Apart from
      hypnosis it seems likely that the whole experimental set-up may have helped to
      reduce 'experimental anxiety'. One may conclude that response specificity for
      pleasant and unpleasant stimuli seems to exist.

PMID- 1202550
TI  - Studies of endocrine and affective functions in complex flight manoeuvres.
AB  - Endocrine and metabolic changes, as well as affective functions, were studied in
      eight healthy volunteers anticipating and executing a prearranged sequence of
      aerobatic flight. Control measurements were made at complete physical and mental
      rest. The following were determined: anxiety and hostility levels, blood glucose,
      cholesterol, triglyceride, plasma free fatty acids (FFA), serum thyroxine (T4),
      corticosteroids, prolactin, growth hormone, immunoreactive insulin and urinary
      excretion of VMA. The pattern of response was uniform in all subjects.
      Significant changes were seen in plasma FFA, corticosteroids, growth hormone and
      immunoreactive insulin following aerobatic flight. Anticipation of flight induced
      anxiety arousal and significant directional changes in plasma FFA,
      corticosteroids, as well as in VMA excretion. Hostility scores were highest
      immediately upon termination of flight.

PMID- 1202552
TI  - Absorption of DNA in the region of vacuum-uv (3-25 eV).
AB  - By means of a device that might be considered a modern version of "Ulbricht's
      sphere" the absorption spectrum and the photoelectric emission of calf thymus DNA
      was measured in the region of 3 to 25 eV (400 to 50 nm). A tentative explanation
      of the general shape of the absorption spectrum and of its 6 maxima is given. The
      results permit a much better insight into some biologic effects of vacuum-uv to
      be gained than hitherto possible.

PMID- 1202551
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta. A clinical and biochemical study of a generalized
      connective tissue disorder.
AB  - The clinical features of 62 patients with the diagnosis of osteogenesis
      imperfecta, a generalized connective tissue disorder, have been reviewed. The
      structural polymeric collagen of the skin has been examined by biochemical and
      histological methods in 21 of these patients and in two further patients with
      osteogensis imperfecta who died soon after birth. The results provide evidence of
      heterogeneity within this group of patients. Three main types of disorder are
      recognizable: those patients with dominantly inherited mild bone disease, blue
      sclerae and low amounts of polymeric collagen; those who occur sporadically, with
      severe bone disease, normal coloured sclerae and polymeric collagen of reduced
      stability; and occasional infants with severe bone disease who die at birth or
      soon after and whose polymeric collagen appears to be abnormal. It is speculated
      that these differences could be due to distinct abnormalities of collagen
      metabolism.

PMID- 1202553
TI  - Absorption of circularly polarized gamma-radiation in L- and D-amino acids.
AB  - No difference within the experimental error (approximately 10(-3)) was observed
      in the absorption of right- and left-circularly polarized gamma-radiation in L-
      and D-tryptophan and tyrosine. For the measurements the 14.4 keV transition of
      57Fe was used and the analysis of circularly polarized gamma-radiation was
      performed by Mossbauer method.

PMID- 1202554
TI  - Do one-hit chromosome exchanges exist? Dose-response relation for irradiated
      human lymphocytes.
AB  - It is demonstrated that the expectation of a quadratic dose-response relation for
      two-hit aberrations is not correct. In fact the theoretical curve is changed from
      near-quadratic to near-linear when the dose increases and fits well the
      experimental data on production of exchanges in human lymphocytes by radiation.
      The commonly used relation y = alphaD + betaD2 shows systematic deviations from
      the observed frequencies. Therefore, no reason exists to postulate some fraction
      of exchanges to be produced by a one-hit mechanism.

PMID- 1202555
TI  - Concepts of microdosimetry II. Probability distributions of the microdosimetric
      variables.
AB  - This is the second part of an investigation of microdosimetric concepts relevant
      to numerical calculations. Two different types of distributions of the
      microdosimetric quantities are discussed. The sampling procedures are considered,
      which lead from the initial pattern of enregy transfers, the so-called inchoate
      distribution, to the distribution of specific energy and their mean values. The
      dependence of the distributions of specific energy on absorbed dose is related to
      the sampling procedures.

PMID- 1202556
TI  - Mechanisms involved in the chemical inhibition of the eosin-sensitized
      photooxidation of trypsin.
AB  - A large series of compounds was screened for ability to protect trypsin from
      eosin-sensitized photodynamic inactivation. Eosin-sensitized photooxidation
      reactions of this type typically proceed via the triplet state of the dye and
      often involve singlet state oxygen as the oxidizing entity. In order to determine
      the mechanisms by which trypsin is protected from photoinactivation, a number of
      good protective agents (inhibitors) and some non-protective agents were selected
      for more detailed flash photolysis studies. Good inhibitors such as p
      phenylenediamine, n-propyl gallate, serotonin creatinine sulfate and p
      toluenediamine competed efficiently with oxygen and with trypsin for reaction
      with the triplet state of eosin. The inhibitors were shown to quench triplet
      eosin to the ground state and/or reduce triplet eosin to form the semireduced
      eosin radical and an oxidized form of the inhibitor. In the latter case, oxidized
      inhibitor could react by a reverse electron transfer reaction with the semi
      reduced eosin radical to regenerate ground state eosin and the inhibitor. The
      good inhibitors also competed effectively with trypsin for oxidation by
      semioxidized eosin, thus giving another possible protective mechanism. Non
      inhibitors such as halogen ions and the paramagnetic ions Co++, Cu++ and Mn++
      reacted only slowly with triplet and with seimioxidized eosin. The primary
      pathway for the eosin-sensitized photooxidation of trypsin at pH 8.0 involved
      singlet oxygen, although semioxidized eosin may also participate.

PMID- 1202557
TI  - Remarks on oxygen effects.
AB  - Oxygen concentration will influence the alpha- and beta-effect (two-component
      theory of radiation effects) independently. The beta-effect is reduced by a dose
      modifying factor gamma. Oxygen, in competition with enzyme repair actions
      fortifies a part of the beta-lesions and this model leads to a simple equation
      for the factor gamma. The alpha-effect is also enhanced by oxygen. Measurements
      of OER indicate that the reduction of the effect from aerobic to anoxic condition
      might be about 70%. The functional dependence of oxygen concentration has not
      been investigated. For small oxygen concentrations of 0.15 to 0.5 muM/l and doses
      below 1000 R Revesz and Littbrand have found that oxygen can protect the
      irradiated cells and thus increase survivals with about 10%. This is explained as
      a scavenger action where radical hydrogen atoms are oxidized and hydrated
      electrons captured by oxygen moelcules. When the oxygen concentration is
      increased, or with higher doses, the usual sensitizing effect of oxygen exceeds
      the protection effect. The influence of oxygen on alpha-effects are mainly
      connected with indirect radiation effects and thus depend on temperature and
      milieu.

PMID- 1202558
TI  - Rdiasensitivity and radiation-induced mutability: an empirical relationship.
AB  - The total genome size of various species can apparently define the radiation
      induced mutability and radiosensitivity for these species. An empirical
      expression has been derived which relates the radiation-induced mutation rates of
      different species to their total DNA content and radiation-induced inactivation
      rates.

PMID- 1202559
TI  - Analytical model for the temperature dependence of the circulation pattern in
      upper extremities.
AB  - An analytical model for the circulation in the upper extremities of man is
      studied under the condition that the hand is immersed in water at different
      temperatures. The arterial and venous system is represented by one artery and two
      veins. One of the veins lies close to the deep lying artery; the other one is a
      cutaneous vein. The model permits a qualitative description of the dependence on
      temperature of the rate of heat loss of the hand as a function of the rate of
      blood flow and the water temperature, by means of parameters which determine the
      behaviour of the considered system. One parameter accounts for the relative
      amount of the rate of blood flow along deep and cutaneous veins. Comparison with
      experiment leeds to the following results. At water temperatures 0Hw higher than
      25 degrees C about 10% of the blood is returning through the deep vein; for water
      temperatures lower than 13 degrees C this percentage becomes about 80%. In
      between the circulation pattern changes gradually. The influence of the counter
      current effect, between the artery and the deep vein, on the heat loss of the
      hand is studied. The arterial blood temperature at the entrance in the hand is
      compared with the available experimental results.

PMID- 1202561
TI  - Renal function and intra/extravascular distribution spaces in the rat after
      supralethal whole-body x-irradiation.
AB  - Renal function and distribution of 51Cr-EDTA in intra/extravascular space has
      been studied in rats suffering from the gastro-intestinal syndrome after
      supralethal doses of X-irradiation. Urine excretion and glomerular filtration
      were found to decrease until 50 hr p.i. Urine excretion and, in a less degree,
      glomerular filtration rate increase then to a peak at 67 hrs before falling off
      to zero values before death. The extravascular space was found to be expanded in
      several organs from 60 hrs on (kidney, liver, stomach, intestine). Only in kidney
      where weight follows changes in extravascular space, a return to normal values is
      seen before death. An expansion in extravascular space due to a reduced re
      extraction into intravascular space and diminished excretion constant can also be
      discerned beginning early after exposure on the basis of compartmental analysis
      of the blood activity-time curves. It is postulated that the changes observed
      reflect a state of shock developing slowly after irradiation and entering its
      irreversible stage 60 to 65 hrs after exposure.

PMID- 1202560
TI  - Fixation, retention and exhalation of carrier-free 11C-labeled carbon monoxide by
      man.
AB  - Carrier-free 11C-labeled carbon monoxide was produced by proton irradiation of a
      nitrogen gas flow target via the 14N(p, alpha)11C process followed by on-line
      reduction of the predominantly formed 11C-carbon dioxide with a yield of 0.4
      mCi/muAmin. After appropriate quality control about 2 mCi of carrier-free 11C
      carbon monoxide in 500 ml on nitrogen gas were inhaled by test subjects in one
      breath. The 11C-activity distribution was then followed in vivo by scanning above
      thorax, head, liver, thigh and os sacrum; simultaneously the 11c-activity of the
      blood was also followed by batch measurement. The data indicate that part of the
      11C-activity migrates from the blood into the intercellular space, while another
      part is exhaled. The 11C-activity leaves the individual organs with a biological
      half-life ranging from about 120 to 200 min, a time which is short as compared to
      the one observed for 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes. A radio gas chromatographic
      analysis of the exhaled air showed that the 11C-activity leaves the body
      exculsively in the form of 11C-labeled carbon monoxide. Consequently, metabolism
      of the 11CO into 11CO2 or other compounds can be excluded.

PMID- 1202562
TI  - Regional blood flow in rats exposed to supralethal doses of whole body x
      irradiation.
AB  - Relative blood flow in different organs of the supralethally (3 kR) whole body X
      irradiated rat was studied using labeled 15 mu microspheres. Immediately after
      irradiation blood flow in brain diminishes. From 10 to 20 hrs a phase of increase
      in blood flowing to many parenchymal organs ensues. A second maximum 45 to 50 hrs
      and a third one at 60 hrs. In most organs except in brain and liver relative
      blood flow diminishes before death. The genesis of these changes as signs of a
      slowly developing shock is discussed.

PMID- 1202563
TI  - Concepts of microdosimetry. III. Mean values of the microdosimetric
      distributions.
AB  - This is the last part of an investigation of microdosimetric concepts relevant to
      numerical calculations. A formula is derived which permits the computation of the
      dose average lineal energy, yC, or the corresponding average of the specific
      energy without the need to determine the probability distributions, f(y) or
      f1(z). A detailed treatment is given for two cases of practical importance. The
      first case corresponds to spherical sites with diameters of the order of 1 mum
      and to neutrons up to 15 MeV. The second case corresponds to microscopic sites
      which are small enough that the change of the stopping power of charged particles
      traversing the site can be neglected.

PMID- 1202564
TI  - The role of the radiographer in the seventies.

PMID- 1202565
TI  - Letter: Grading of D.S.R. courses.

PMID- 1202566
TI  - Magnetism as an electrical effect.

PMID- 1202567
TI  - Reports on the higher examination. A survey of the examiners' comments and advice
      to candidates 1966-74.

PMID- 1202568
TI  - A proposed scheme of training for darkroom technicians.

PMID- 1202571
TI  - The physics of diagnostic ultrasound.
AB  - Sound waves progress through a medium at a velocity that is characteristic of
      that medium. In a particular medium, wavelength and frequency are inversely
      related, so that short wavelengths can only be obtained at higher frequencies. A
      beam of sound will not be directional unless the object that is sending (or
      reflecting) it is at least several times longer than the wavelength. In tissue
      directional beams of 1 cm or less in width can be produced at frequencies of 1
      MHz or more. Other things being equal, the higher the frequency, the narrower the
      beam. The attenuation of beams of sound in tissue at ultrasonic frequencies is
      directly and almost linearly related to frequency in that the higher the
      frequency, the greater the attenuation and the weaker the return signals. In
      choosing an operating frequency for a particular purpose, one must therefore bear
      in mind that the advantages of the higher frequencies (i.e., better resolution,
      both in range and azimuth) are obtained at the bost of a shorter effective range.
      Accordingly, one makes the best compromise by selecting the highest frequency
      that permits a range adequate for the purpose. In scanning the abdomens of adults
      where the range may be fairly long, a 2 MHz transducer is used. For cardiac
      studies in pediatric patients where the range is shorter and the structures
      smaller, a 5 MHz probe can be used. In the globe of the eye the structures are
      minute, the medium one in which losses are quite low and the range is very short,
      permitting the use of frequencies in the 10 to 20 MHz range.

PMID- 1202570
TI  - Effect of DEAE-dextran on protein synthesis in HeLa cells.
AB  - Concentrations of DEAE-dextran which are currently used to stimulate the
      interaction between animal cells and natural or synthetic polynucleotides,
      inhibit protein synthesis in HeLa cells. This inhibition results from the
      blocking of more than one of the steps in protein synthesis, including transport
      of amino acids. The results support the hypothesis that enhancement of cellular
      competence for infection by viral RNA involves interference with initiation of
      cellular protein synthesis.

PMID- 1202572
TI  - The technology of diagnostic ultrasound.

PMID- 1202569
TI  - Arbovirus growth in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes throughout their viable temperature
      range.
AB  - After intrathoracic inoculation of laboratory-bred Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with
      3 Yukon isolates of California encephalitis (CE) virus (showshoe hare subtype),
      Northway (NOR) and Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE) viruses, viral replication
      was observed following incubation at 13, 21, 35 and 39 degrees C, which
      constituted the full temperature range of viability of A. aegypti. Rates of viral
      replication were reduced at low temperatures and accelerated at high
      temperatures. Virus-specific immunoperoxidase staining of mosquito salivary
      glands occurred regularly after thoraces attained maximum infectivity levels. At
      13 and 21 degrees C, mosquitoes were infected by 10 to 100 times less CE and MVE
      viruses than mice, but about 10 times more NOR virus was required to infect
      mosquitoes than mice.

PMID- 1202573
TI  - Ultrasound in gynecology.

PMID- 1202574
TI  - Ultrasonic examination of the pancreas.
AB  - Gray scale scanners allow the demonstration of much more anatomical detail than
      was possible with the older type scanners. The initial step in the ultrasonic
      examination of the pancreas is display of the anatomical detail of the portal
      vasculature which provides a guidepost to the pancreas. Pancreatitis is
      characterized by a diffusely enlarged echo-free pancreas. Pancreatic pseudocyst
      is almost always an echo-free unilocular fluid collection. The size of a
      pancreatic pseudocyst can be measured so that progress can be assessed.
      Pseudocysts located in the region of the tail of the pancreas may be best
      demonstrated by scanning from the back over the left kidney. Pancreatic
      pseudocysts may be partly solid. Pancreatic carcinoma appears as a localized
      relatively echo-free, poorly defined solid mass which attenuates the ultrasound
      beam. Pancreatic carcinoma smaller than 2 cm in diameter are particularly
      difficult to diagnose by ultrasonic examination. Pancreatic carcinoma may be
      difficult to distinguish from chronic pancreatitis. Dilated bile ducts can be
      demonstrated and point to extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Serial ultrasonic
      scans have been suggested as a means of monitoring the response of pancreatic
      tumors to therapy. The relative diagnostic value of endoscopic retrograde
      cannulation of the pancreatic ducts and ultrasound has not as yet been
      established. Ultrasonic examination is easier to perform and less expensive than
      any other pancreatic imaging procedure other than the upper gastrointestinal
      barium examination.

PMID- 1202575
TI  - Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland.
AB  - Ultrasound has proven to be helpful in the assessment of the thyroid gland and in
      particular of solitary hypofunctioning thyroid nodules. In 94% of cases
      differentiation can be made between solid and cystic lesions. This information is
      of importance to the clinician in deciding on the course of therapy. The ability
      to accurately measure thyroid gland size, the size of individual nodules, and to
      follow these with serial measurements during therapy, is also useful. Gray scale
      ultrasound may provide the additional benefit of differentiating between benign
      and malignant thyroid tumore. More study of this new technique is necessary
      before any final conclusions can be drawn as to its accuracy in the diagnosis of
      thyroid carcinoma.

PMID- 1202576
TI  - Ultrasonically guided percutaneous puncture.

PMID- 1202577
TI  - Radiation therapy planning with ultrasound.
AB  - Diagnostic ultrasound is a relatively new diagnostic modality which is a
      practical method of acquiring anatomical information important in radiation
      treatment planning. Patient contour, port margins, location of tumors and normal
      structures, and tissue inhomogeneities can be recorded simply, safely, rapidly,
      and accurately. This information can then be utilized in developing radiation
      therapy plans that deliver irradiation more precisely to the malignant disease
      while avoiding normal structures. The proper application of ultrasound in
      radiation therapy planning has the potential of significantly improving cure
      rates and minimizing complication rates in the treatment of patients with
      malignant disease.

PMID- 1202578
TI  - Liver, gallbladder, and spleen.
AB  - Ultrasonic imaging is a successful method of evaluating upper abdominal anatomy.
      The size, shape, and contour of the liver, spleen, and gallbladder can be
      adequately defined. Ultrasound is a major tool in the diagnosis of jaundice for
      it can differentiate between extrinsic jaundice in patients who may require
      surgical intervention and intrinsic jaundice in a patient who requires only
      medical attention. The diagnosis and location of cysts, abscesses, and solid
      masses can be determined by echography with a high degree of accuracy. In
      patients with abdominal disturbances ultrasonic imaging is more than just an
      extension of the physical examination, it is a means of further refining the
      probabilities in the diagnosis of disease entities. It should no longer be
      considered a mere curiosity, but a unique diagnostic tool in the armamentarium of
      the modern physician.

PMID- 1202579
TI  - Echographic diagnosis of lesions of the abdominal, aorta and lymph nodes.
AB  - The development of echographic diagnostic procedures for abdominal aortic
      aneurysms and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes has been discussed. The echographic
      method is suitable in several ways for the initial diagnosis, determination of
      extent, differential diagnosis, as well as follow-up of these abdominal lesions.
      The criteria for diagnosis and differential diagnosis have been presented and the
      advantages of the method and its limitations reviewed.

PMID- 1202580
TI  - [Course of atypical psychoses].
AB  - An attempt was made to classify the atypical psychoses according to cross
      sectional psychopathological criteria. We were able to separate two groups from a
      group of benign schizophrenics. The latter served more as a comparison group and
      were in every way similar to the nuclear group, except for a better social
      prognosis. Group C (atypical manic depressive illnesses) which was closer to
      manic depressive illness than the other two groups, differs from it by thought
      disorders and delusional experiences. In the further course of the illness, after
      a few schizophrenic symptoms had appeared once or repeatedly during the acute
      stage, the typical features of manic depressive illness came more and more to the
      fore. In group A (mixed psychotic syndrome) manic depressive and schizophrenic
      symptom complexes appeared for quite some time during the acute stage with
      approximately equal clarity and significance. In the further course, during which
      manic depressive phases as well as schizophrenic thrusts can make their
      appearances, one can often see the development of a 'hypomanic defect'.
      Systematised delusions, as well as grimacing and circumstantiality, can also
      persist frequently. On the whole, however, it is difficult to recognize the
      defect states from their original state once the illness has settled down. A
      classification of the atypical psychoses and their differentiation from typical
      manic depressive illness or nuclear schizophrenia is necessary, at least, because
      of the worse, respectively better, social prognosis of the atypical psychoses.
      This investigation should be continued further by using as control groups bi- and
      unipolar affective psychoses and nuclear schizophrenics with a severe course. The
      subgroups of the atypical psychoses will be used to evaluate different long-term
      therapies in a further study.

PMID- 1202581
TI  - [Psychological investigations on patients with breast carcinoma (A pilot study)].
AB  - A pilot study was undertaken on patients with breast carcinoma to establish
      guidelines for improvements in patient care and health education. Of 113 patients
      who were asked to attend for examination after they had completed ray therapy
      only 40 turned up. After a half hour exploration the patients were asked to fill
      in the following: a complaints inventory questionnaire according to Hess; the
      Raven's progressive matrices; the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory;
      the 16-PF of Cattell et al., and a questionnaire regarding attitudes to the
      illness. The connections between fear and length of delay were discussed. It
      appears possible to distinguish neurotic from non-neurotic patients with
      carcinoma. A few working hypotheses were developed which could be tested on a
      larger number of patients.

PMID- 1202582
TI  - Suicidal behaviour. An attempt to modify the environment. Part IV.
AB  - A study was undertaken of 76 males patients (following suicidal attempts)
      admitted in 1962 and 1963 to Holywell Hospital, a psychiatric hospital in Antrim,
      Norther Ireland. Their age, psychiatric condition, personality, intelligence,
      civil state, social class, religion, etc., were reviewed and the findings were
      compared with the findings in: (a) 100 suicidal females treated in the same
      hospital for the same reason in the same 2 years; (b) a group of 45 suicidal
      males admitted to the same hospital in 1971, and (c) a group of 91 suicidal
      female subjects treated in Holywell in 1971. The aim of the inquiry was to find
      out: (a) whether there were any sex-linked differences between these groups; (b)
      whether there were any changes in methods used in suicidal attempts in the last
      decade, and (c) whether our hypothesis about gain-motivation in many suicidal
      attempts was correct. The results of the study showed that: (a) sex and all
      personal and social factors reviewed were of little significance in the incidence
      of suicidal attempts and in the methods employed in their execution; (b) in both
      1971 groups there was a shift from violent to non-violent means, and (c) two
      thirds of all patients, irrespective of sex, social class, religion, etc., not
      only claimed having tried to achieve some personal gains, but apparently did
      achieve them by their suicidal behaviour. This seems to support our hypothesis
      that in many cases suicidal behaviour is in fact an attempt to modify the
      environment to the patient's benefit.

PMID- 1202583
TI  - Sulpiride in school phobia.
AB  - Sulpiride was administered to 21 children with school phobia. All had shown some
      depressive symptoms in addition and had been treated by nonpharmacological
      measures. 13 of them returned to school within a few days and depressive symptoms
      disappeared eventually (the recovered group). In 3, behaviour at home returned to
      their premorbid status, but school refusal persisted (the improved group). In the
      remaining 5, no improvement was observed. In comparison to the present writer's
      previous experience with imipramine and benzodiazepines, the response to
      sulpiride in school-phobic children is more rapid and remarkable.

PMID- 1202584
TI  - Confabulation of denial in senile dementia. An experimental study.
AB  - Some forms of confabulation ('confabulation of denial') seem due to the need to
      deny demential dissolution by replacing information pointing to illness with
      expressions suggesting normal health and efficiency. Seventy-six unselected
      patients affected by senile dementia were investigated in order to study the
      relationships between confabulation of denial and (a) stage attained by the
      demential process; (b) degree of memory loss, and (c) personality features and
      cultural models of the patients. Confabulations of denial were absent in the
      initial and the most advanced stages of dementia, whereas they frequently
      occurred in the stages of state and of evolution of illness. Memory loss did not
      seem to be directly responsible of the symptom, while personality features and
      social cultural models seemed to have a definite valence in the development of
      confabulation of denial. Some implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1202585
TI  - [Stimulation of renin secretion in vitro by a factor in serum of rats (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The stimulating effect of rat serum on renin release from kidney slices of this
      species was demonstrated. This "renin-releasing-factor" is not dialysable. It can
      be activated at 56 degree C. The factor is found in the gamma-Globulin and the
      albumin fraction of serum. Its role is discussed in a possible system of humoral
      regulation of RAS in the manner of a feed back mechanism including a releasing
      system.

PMID- 1202586
TI  - Disaccharidases in rat small intestinal mucosa following cytostatic treatment
      with adriamycin.
AB  - Our studies have shown that appropriate doses of adriamycin can reduce the
      activities of the intestinal disaccharidases in the rat. At higher doses, in
      addition to morphological changes in the intestinal mucosa, a considerable fall
      in disaccharidase activities also occurs. This functional impairment can be seen
      for a period of several days after the morphological restitution of the mucosa.
      Appropriate studies of the small intestinal mucosa in man will have to be
      undertaken to show whether similar impairment occurs at therapeutic doses.

PMID- 1202587
TI  - Immunopathological lymph node findings in Hodgkin's disease: correlation to
      survival.
AB  - 217 diagnostic lymph nodes biopsies from cases of Hodgkin's disease were
      classified according to the criteria established by the Rye Conference. These
      were later subdivided into survival groups using immunopathological parameters
      solely. In the light of findings based upon 63 cases whose progress has been
      followed, it appears that the classification of Hodgkin's disease according to
      immunopathological parameters may serve to eliminate many of the inconsistencies
      encountered with the utilization of classical procedures, especially in the
      correlation between histopathological analysis and prognosis. The new
      classification consists of three groups: I. Long survivals (greater than 5
      years): extensive lymph node preservation of antibody mediated (average
      approximately 65%) and cell mediated (average approximately 37%) immunity, and/or
      a nodular birefringent fibrosis-hyalinosis. - - - (15,9%). II. Medium survivals
      (less than or equal to 5 greater than 2 years): partial lymph nodes preservation
      of antibody mediated (average approximately 42%) and/or cell mediated (average
      approximately 17%) immunity, and/or numerous epithelioid cal to 2 years): minimal
      lymph node antibody mediated (average approximately 7%) and cell mediated
      (average approximately 1%) immunological activity, no epithelioid cell
      infiltrates and no birefringent fibrosis-hyalinosis. - - - (41,2%).

PMID- 1202588
TI  - [Ultrastructural aspects in the pathogenesis of desoxycholat--pancreatitis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - After intraperitoneal application of desoxycholate in cells of exocrine pancreas,
      ultrastructural alterations are observed. Initial changes are seen in
      mitochondria and focal parts of the endoplasmic reticulum. In later experimental
      stages there is sizable increase in the extent of the initially focal
      degradations, in such a way that great areas of the cytoplasm are involved. It is
      remarkable to note, that there are no indications about any disturbance in the
      synthesis and excretion of zymogen granules. The described morphological
      alterations will be discussed as conceivably being caused primarily by an
      irritation in the lipoid metabolism of the membrane.

PMID- 1202589
TI  - Renal function following branch-artery ligation in the canine kidney.
AB  - Viable kidney mass has been reduced in dogs by branch-artery ligation combined
      with uninephrectomy. 1. When viable kidney remnants amount to about 1/4 of the
      original kidney mass dogs survive in apparent good health with moderate
      azotaemia; with 1/8 to 1/10 kidney remnants azotaemia is progressive and uraemic
      death supervenes within some days. 2. Reduction of renal blood flow and of
      glomerular filtration rate to about one-fourth of their respective control values
      seems to be compatible with survival; with further reduction death ensues. An
      inverse and linear relationship between NPN and GFR on a log-log basis has been
      found. 3. Mean nephron blood flow is equally enhanced in both the more and the
      less severely infarcted kidneys. On the other hand, mean nephron glomerular
      filtration is increased when about one half of the kidney is viable, but
      decreased with more extensive infarction. 4. Mean nephron vascular resistance is
      diminished; considering the pronounced decrease in Ein, i.e. filtration fraction,
      predominance of postglomerular vasodilatation is assumed. The formation of non
      filtering, actively perfused nephrons is taken into consideration.

PMID- 1202590
TI  - Functional, biochemical and morphological alterations in the intestines of rats
      with an experimental blind-loop syndrome.
AB  - In rat self-filling blind loops and in the contiguous regions of the intestinal
      tract, considerable functional impairment, accompanied by pronounced
      morphological transformations of the mucosa, has been observed. The histological
      alterations consist of mucosal hypertrophy and a reduction in the villus height:
      crypt length ratio, which is indicative of a hyper-regenerative change. Various
      enzyme activities of the epithelial cells are reduced and the absorption otinal
      juices is greatly altered in favour of the free acids. Two mec,anisms have 0een
      dicids, or meta0olites from bacterial degradation, on the absorptive epithelium;
      2. Reduced cellular maturity in response to the effect of bile acids and/or
      bacteria on the lifespan of the cells.

PMID- 1202591
TI  - [New possibilities for demonstration of some biogenous amines in the adrenal by X
      ray microanalysis (author's transl)].
AB  - Technical possibilities for the histochemical demonstration of some biogenous
      amines with the scanning electron-microscope and X-ray microanalysis were shown
      by using argentaffine and chromaffine reactions. Objects were adrenals of adult
      minipigs. Beside morphologic studies the amounts of silver or chromium can be
      determined semiquantitatively by the intensity of the specific X-radiate from
      "sum up-analysis" out of punctual areas. Furthermore the high amine
      concentrations in the adrenal medulla permit the performance of "line-analysis"
      and of "element-distribution-pictures" for silver or chromium. At the points
      chosen for analysis the concentration of epinephrine + norepinephrine is six
      times as high in the adrenal medulla as in the cortex; for norepinephrine alone
      it is only three times higher. Line-analysis shows that the concentration of
      katecholamines in the cortex is very low in the periphery and high near the
      medulla. The chromaffine reaction for serotonin leads to a distinct chromium peak
      in the medulla with a distribution quotient of 4.6 : 1 versus the cortex showing
      that there must be remarkable amounts of serotonin in the adrenal medulla,
      inspite of the fact that serotonin cannot by synthetized there from its natural
      precursor.

PMID- 1202593
TI  - Myocardial damage during protracted anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs.
AB  - In ovalbumin-sensitized, mepyramine-treated guinea pigs protracted anaphylactic
      shock was elicited by i.v. injection of antigen. Diffuse or focal necrosis of
      myocardial cells was found in animals which died in protracted shock, as well as
      perivascular and interstitial edema. The antigen effects could be partially
      imitated by i.v. infusion of high amounts of adrenaline into nonsensitized guinea
      pigs. When adrenaline was infused during protracted anaphylactic shock, the
      catecholamine effects did not add to the histological effects of the antigen.
      Rather, the morphological alterations in the hearts were reduced, whereas the
      survival times were not increased, but decreased. - The findings are discussed in
      view of the nature of protracted anaphylactic shock.

PMID- 1202592
TI  - Stimulation by phenylephrine of myocardial alpha-adrenoceptors in the left
      ventricle of the cat.
AB  - In the anesthetized cat phenylephrine in doses of 10(-8), 3 x 10(-8) and 10(-7)
      moles/kg caused an increase of dp/dt(max.) of the left ventricle without altering
      the heart rate. This cardiostimulating effect was inhibited by the alpha
      adrenolytic drug phentolamine (10(-6) moles/kg). The beta-adrenolytic agent
      prindolol (10(-7) moles/kg), which inhibited the increase of dp/dt(max) evoked by
      isoprenaline as well as by noradrenaline did not influence the positive inotropic
      effect of phenylephrine, thus favouring the view that there exist myocardial
      alpha-adrenoceptors in the ventricle of the cat.

PMID- 1202595
TI  - The lymphatic drainage of the liver capsula and hepatic parenchyma.
AB  - The lymphatics transport of bilirubin and of 131I-albumin absorbed from the liver
      capsula was studied in dogs during the early stage of complete biliary
      obstruction. Bilirubin transport by the right lymph trunc was only 1,5% of the
      transport by the thoracic duct. Labelled protein absorbed from the Glisson's
      capsule is transported both by the right lymph duct and the thoracic duct. During
      an infusion of large amounts of fluid under high pressure into the bile duct
      labelled protein is transported from the liver parenchyma almost exclusively by
      the thoracic duct. After the occlusion of about 70% of the lymphatics draining
      the liver the increase in the transport of the labelled protein by the right duct
      accounted only for on insignificant fraction of the loss from the thoracic duct
      lymph. It is concluded, that lymph formed in the hepatic parenchyma is
      transported by vessels joining the thoracic duct. Capsular lymphatics run both to
      the thoracic and the right lymph duct. There is practically a complete functional
      division of the superficial and deep lymphatics of the liver.

PMID- 1202594
TI  - Protection of the intestinal mucosa during ischaemia by intraluminal perfusion.
AB  - The function of the intestinal mucosa immediately after one hour's ischaemia was
      examined by means of tests in vivo and in vitro. During the ischaemia, the
      intestinal loop was perfused with media of different compositions, in an attempt
      to assess which provided the best protection of the epithelium from the
      deleterious effects of the ischaemia. The absorption of water, ions and glucose
      was then monitored in vivo, and the uptake of phenylalanine and beta methyl
      glucoside by slices of mucosa was determined in vitro. The unprotected mucosa
      loses all active transport capacity in vitro following one hour's ischaemia, and
      is the site of a pronounced loss of water and ions into the lumen in vivo.
      Glucose absorption in vivo is also abolished. If the loop is perfused during the
      ischaemia with glucose-containing Krebs bicarbonate buffer, much of the transport
      capacity in vitro is retained; the loss of ions and water is prevented, and
      glucose absorption in vivo occurs. Perfusion during the ischaemia with other
      media, such as isotonic mannitol, Krebs bicarbonate buffer, or Ringer-lactate
      solution, results in a marked protection of the mucosa, in comparison with the
      unperfused loop, but the effects are not as pronounced as those of the glucose
      containing buffer. It is concluded that the act of perfusing the intestine is the
      most beneficial factor, but that the presence of glucose in the perfusate does
      afford added protection.

PMID- 1202596
TI  - The effect of "ouabain" on the ultrastructure of cerebral arterioles and
      surrounding tissue, studied by a cannulation of a cerebral artery.
AB  - A technique for cannulation of a parietal branch of the middle cerebral artery is
      described by which high but local concentrations of substances can be achieved in
      cortical vessels. Using this technique it was shown that ouabain, a specific
      inhibitor of the Na+-K+-ATPase enzyme system, can produce alterations in the
      blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability as seen by the passage of Evans Blue into
      cortical tissue. Electron microscopy revealed changes in the endothelium of
      cerebral arterioles ranging from an increase in the number of vesicles and
      vacuoles to complete breakdown of cytoplasm and membranes. Swelling of the peri
      arteriolar end feet of protoplasmic astroglia and of dendrites was characteristic
      of tissue surrounding affected arterioles. Swollen fibrous astrocytes,
      oligodendrocytes and microglia were not seen even in areas of vasogenic edema.
      These results are discussed in terms of current ideas of the BBB and astroglial
      function.

PMID- 1202597
TI  - Transport of H2 and SF6 in the lung.
AB  - The dead spaces for hydrogen and sulfur hexafluoride are predicted from the
      solution of a partial differential equation, applied to Weibel's morphometric
      data of the lung, and including longitudinal convection and diffusion coupled
      with instantaneous radial diffusion. Traces of H2 and SF6 were washed in and out
      of the lungs of two normal subjects. Dead spaces for both gases were calculated
      from the wash-out curves by a least squares analysis. Prediction and experiment
      agree in the case of H2. The model overestimates the dead space for SF6
      particularly for large tidal volumes and for high breathing frequencies. Several
      factors which can contribute to this disagreement are considered. From simulation
      experiments it is evident, that the dead space for SF6 is highly sensitive to
      factors which influence molecular dispersion in the region of respiratory
      bronchioles. Cardiogenic mixing and some sort of flow-dependent mixing in this
      zone cannot be ruled out. However, the experimental data can also be explained by
      choosing another set of morphometric data for the alveolated airways.

PMID- 1202598
TI  - A method for measuring the spatial distribution of tissue oxygen removal rates.
AB  - Distributions of oxygen removal rates are measured over cut surfaces of samples
      of recently excised tissue. The samples are initially equilibrated with a gas of
      known oxygen tension and the surface is occluded by bringing it into contact with
      the end of a glass rod which has a number of polarographic electrodes embedded in
      it. The oxygen removal rate in mm Hg/sec is calculated from the rate of fall of
      surface oxygen tension. 91 electrodes are arranged in an array with 0.5 mm
      separation and each gives an estimate of the oxygen removal rate with a spatial
      resolution of a few hundred microns. An artificial medium of uniform and
      controllable respiration rate was used to test the system. Spatial variations in
      oxygen removal rate were demonstrated in some transplantable rodent tumours.

PMID- 1202599
TI  - Central and peripheral neural respiratory activity in the mature sheep foetus and
      newborn lamb.
AB  - Activity from respiratory neurones in the medulla, the phrenic and intercostal
      nerves was recorded in 25 foetal sheep, exteriorized a few days before term from
      ewes given a spinal anaesthetic, and from nine newborn lambs, anaesthetized with
      an allobarbitone-urethane mixture. In 12 foetuses, there was little or no
      sustained respiratory activity, central activity consisting of tonically
      discharging expiratory and other neurones and silent inspiratory neurones. In the
      remaining 13 foetuses, respiratory activity was periodic or continuous and it was
      possible to confirm that the motor component of the respiratory reflex was
      mature, that apnoea was not due to medullary depression, that foetal respiration
      was unaffected by chemoreceptor stimulation, by noise, by light, by electrical
      stimulation of the sciatic nerve and only slightly by inflation or deflation of
      the lungs. All these stimuli were effective shortly after birth. Occlusion of the
      umbilical cord caused poorly sustained gasps in the "non-breathing" foetuses and
      in the "breathing" foetuses, abolition of inspiratory and expiratory activity in
      the medulla and the onset of gasps and flattening of the electro-corticogram.
      Rhythmic respiration resumed after release of the cord with a latency which
      varied with the duration and severity of the asphyxia. This type of respiratory
      depression was not reflex but due to a direct, central action of hypoxia. The
      sequence of respiratory events at birth is discussed.

PMID- 1202601
TI  - The significance of leucocyte migration inhibition by M. fermentans.

PMID- 1202600
TI  - The effect of variations in airflow pattern on gas exchange. A theoretical study.
AB  - It has been shown that gas exchange between the alveolar space and pulmonary
      capillary blood is affected by the pattern of airflow at the mouth in the non
      homogeneous lung. The present theoretical study shows that even in the
      homogeneous lung, the pattern of airflow can affect gas exchange. When tidal
      volume, inspiratory and expiratory times remain constant, variations in the
      pattern of airflow result in significantly different values of steady state
      arterial PO2 and PCO2. This difference in steady state blood gases is exaggerated
      by low levels of minute ventilation and by long inspiratory times, but is
      unaffected by changes in the diffusion coefficient of the alveolar-capillary
      membrane.

PMID- 1202602
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of the rheumatoid factors.

PMID- 1202603
TI  - The role of bacterial adjuvant in experimental arthritis.

PMID- 1202604
TI  - Mycoplasmas and 'diphtheroids' in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The failure to isolate conventional mycoplasmas from 88 synovial membranes and
      119 synovial fluids from patients with proven rheumatoid arthritis using a
      variety of culture media and techniques agrees with the results of recent workers
      and suggests that these organisms are unlikely to play a role in the aetiology of
      the disease. In contrast, 'diphtheroid' organisms were isolated from 27 to 30% of
      rheumatoid specimens, but not from cultures of non-rheumatoid material. A
      significantly higher incidence of raised agglutination titres to C. acnes and to
      a 'diptheroid' isolated from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis in sera from
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis supports the conclusion that these organisms
      are present in the joints in such patients, though their role in this disease has
      yet to be established.

PMID- 1202605
TI  - Rheumatoid synovitis: complement and immune complexes.
AB  - The pattern of complement component utilization within the joint space of
      patients with RA is consistent with activation by immune complexes.
      Immunogluorescent studies of SF leukocytes revealed intracytoplasmic inclusions
      of immunoglobulins and complement components, particularly in cells from SF with
      low complement levels and containing materials which precipitated with either C1q
      and/or rheumatoid factor. RA patients with low levels of SF complement tended to
      have an unremitting course, subcutaneous nodules, and to have been treated with
      gold. Their joints had more periarticular demineralization, joint space
      narrowing, cortical impaction by X-ray; and synoviocytic giant cells, fibrosis,
      lymphocytes, congestion, and fibrin exudation by pathologic examination than did
      joints of RA patients without low levels of SF complement. Patients with systemic
      hypocomplementemia had active classical RA with evidence of severe joint
      involvement and vasculitis. These findings suggest that rheumatoid inflammation
      of joints is mediated by immunologic activation of the complement system.

PMID- 1202606
TI  - Co-cultivation of human cell lines with synovial fluids of patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - We have interpreted the above findings as implying that the changes seen may have
      arisen as a result of co-cultivation, albeit accidental, of Chang cells and cells
      derived from RA synovial tissue or fluid. A further obvious approach to this
      problem is to attempt deliberately to repeat the co-cultivation of Chang cells
      with RA synovial fluids.

PMID- 1202607
TI  - Thermal inactivation and gradient studies of the active agent in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Ten day embryonated eggs have been used for testing supernatants of pooled RA
      synovial tissues for the presence of the RA-active agent. A high thermal
      resistance of the agent was observed up to 40 min of heating both at 100 and 121
      degrees C with complete loss of infectivity only after 60 min at 121 degrees C.
      The high thermal resistance at 121 degrees C suggested that the active agent does
      not depend on a double-stranded DNA or RNA. It probably has no protein component
      and has a minimal number of subunits for replication. The CsC1
      ultracentrifugation identified a concentration of high infectivity at densities
      in the range of 1.440-1.490 g/ml in five experiments.

PMID- 1202609
TI  - Screening of cellular immunity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by
      phytohaemagglutinin skin test.
AB  - Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin test was used for screening of non-specific cell
      mediated immunity in 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its results
      compared with those obtained in age- and sex-matched controls with non
      inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Purified protein derivative (PPD) of M.
      tuberculosis was used for testing of specific cell-mediated immunity in the same
      two groups. The reactivity to both PHA and PPD was found to be significantly
      lower in patients with RA, indicating the decreased cell-mediated immunity in
      this disease, as compared to controls.

PMID- 1202608
TI  - Complement activation in seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. 125I
      C1q binding capacity and complement breakdown products in serum and synovial
      fluid.
AB  - 1. The detection and quantitation of immune complex-like material in synovial
      fluid and in serum from patients with joint diseases was done through the
      measurement of the capacity to bind radiolabeled C1q. It was found that 65% of
      synovial fluid samples from seropositive or seronegative RA patients had a high
      C1q binding capacity as compared to other joint diseases. Immune complex-like
      material was also detected in 63% of serum samples from seropositive RA patients.
      2. The existence of C3 or C3PA breakdown products in synovial fluid from most of
      the synovial fluids from RA patients probably reflects an activation of the
      complement system occurring in both forms of the disease. C3PA breakdown products
      were never found in degenerative or post-traumatic joint diseases and only
      occasionally in other inflammatory arthritis. Apart from their pathogenic
      significance, these results may have some interest for the clinical investigation
      of patients with joint diseases.

PMID- 1202610
TI  - Enhancement of immunoglobulin and rheumatoid factor synthesis by rheumatoid
      synovial effusions and synovial membrane culture supernatants.

PMID- 1202611
TI  - A diagnostic study of patients with upper abdominal pain.
AB  - 197 consecutive, non-acute, medical patients who presented with upper abdominal
      pain were subjected to a standard programme of investigation. The investigation
      represents an attempt to supplement general clinical experience with exact data.
      In about half the patients no cause of the pain was found and a diagnosis of X
      ray negative dyspepsia was made by elimination. It is concluded that a special
      research effort is needed to explain the complaint in this large group of
      patients. Duodenal ulcer was twice as common as gastric ulcer, and two patients
      suffered from gastric cancer. The diagnostic value of the symptomatology was
      analysed, but only the relation of pain to meals was found to be of diagnostic
      interest. In particular, the probability of duodenal ulcer was low and that of X
      ray negative dyspepsia high, if the pain was provoked by eating. The age, sex,
      and acid production also had diagnostic value.

PMID- 1202612
TI  - Amino acid pattern in plasma before and after jejuno-ileal shunt operation for
      obesity.
AB  - The amino acid pattern in plasma was studied in a reference group (n=26) and in
      three groups of massive obese subjects (n=9, 8, and 9 respectively) before and at
      intervals after jejuno-ileostomy. The obese subjects had preoperatively an amino
      acid pattern significantly different from that in the reference group. The
      concentrations of lysine, tyrosine, 1/2 cystine, and glutamic acids were higher,
      and aspargin, glutamine, serine, and glycine were lower than in the reference
      group. During the post-operative period the amino acid pattern changed
      significantly; thus serine, glycine, and taurine increased and valine, lysine,
      leucine, tryptophan, thyrosine, 1/2 cystine, and citrulline decreased. The amino
      acid pattern in the obese group with the longest post-operative observation time
      and a stable body weight differed significantly from that in the reference group
      only with regard to a low valine concentration and high concentration of taurine
      and glutamatic acid.

PMID- 1202613
TI  - The early effect of trimipramine (Surmontil) on gastric secretion in man.
AB  - The early effect of the trycyclic and antidepressive compound trimipramine
      (Surmontil; Pharma Rhodia) was examined in 10 patients with dyspeptic complaints.
      The gastric secretion was examined twice for one hour before, and one hour after,
      intramuscular injection of 1 mg histalog per kg body weight. In random order
      trimipramine was given perorally as two 50 mg tablets 3 hours before one of the
      gastric secretion tests. A significant decrease was found in volume and acid
      output of basal secretion after the peroral dose of trimipramine. The
      concentration and output of acid as well as the concentration of pepsin were
      significantly altered. After stimulation with histalog a significant reduction
      was found for volume and acid output, whereas the output of pepsin was unchanged.
      The reduction of acid secretion and volume could be ascribed to an
      anticholinergic effect of the drug.

PMID- 1202614
TI  - A sensitive method for the biological assay of secretin and substances with
      "secretin-like" activity in tissues and biological fluids.
AB  - The isolated perfused pancreas is extremely sensitive to secretin and can be used
      to assay very small quantities of secretin. The addition of theophylline to the
      perfusate increases the sensitivity of the preparation 4 to 10 fold so that in a
      good preparation as little a 0.001 C.U. may be detected. Secretin-like activity
      was detected in biopsy samples of jejunal mucosa taken perorally from man, in the
      blood of some patients suffering from a profuse watery diarrhoea, and in a
      metastatic tumour obtained from one such patient. It was also observed that 1
      clinical unit of secretin was equal to 4.4 Crick, Harper, Raper units.

PMID- 1202615
TI  - Endoscopic retrograde brush cytology (ERBC) of the biliary and pancreatic ducts.
AB  - A new device with a brushing tube that can be introduced through the biopsy
      channel of the duodenoscope (Olympus JF B) used for cannulation of the papilla of
      Vater is reported. In 17 patients in whom ERCP had demonstrated ductal
      abnormalities, an endoscopic retrograde brush cytology (ERBC) was performed. A
      cytological diagnosis of malignancy was made in 8 patients and a possible
      malignancy in 2 cases. Seven cases were operated upon, and a malignant tumor was
      found in 6. In one case a malignant tumor was found at autopsy. Histological
      examination was performed in 6 cases and showed adenocarcinoma in all.. Two
      patients with malignant cells and ERCP-findings of suspected pancreatic carcinoma
      were not operated upon. The tumours were localized in 1 case to the papilla of
      Vater, in 2 to the biliary duct, in 4 to the pancreatic head, and in 2 cases to
      the pancreatic corpus. No complications occured. It is concluded that this
      technique provides information supplementary to that of other diagnostic
      procedures.

PMID- 1202616
TI  - Surface electron microscopical changes of the gastric mucosa in experimental
      porcine stress ulceration.
AB  - Gastric mucosal changes in 8 piglets subjected to a transient hypovolaemic shock
      were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mucosal lesions during
      the shock were characterized by progressive degenerative changes in the mucous
      membrane of the stomach. These surface changes included flattening or swelling of
      the individual cells. The flattening of the mucous membrane was later connected
      with red cell diapedesis through it. These changes were most typical in the areas
      of haemorrhagic gastritis and preceded the ulcer formation. Following
      retransfusion, the affected epithelial lining appeared greatly distended over the
      oedematous lamina propria, with almost complete loss of structural detail. Masses
      of red blood cells were seen to emerge through the epithelium as an indication of
      subepithelial haemorrhage. It is possible that the injured epithelium is actually
      broken down by the pressure of the underlying mucosal haemorrhage and oedema. At
      later stages, the ulcerated areas showed complete loss of epithelial cells and
      thus the underlying structureless lamina propria, covered by necrotic cell
      remnants, blood cells and fibrin, was denuded.

PMID- 1202617
TI  - Complete biliocolic fistula.
AB  - A case of postoperative complete biliocolic fistula is described. The patient had
      10 daily voluminous motions of diarrhoea and lost 14 kg in weight in the course
      of two months. Increased faecal fat excretion was demonstrated. Treatment with
      oral tetracyclines resulted in cessation of the watery diarrhoea and some weight
      gain, but steatorrhoea persisted. Closure of the biliocolic fistula with re
      established bile flow to the proximal small intestine cured the patient. A
      discussion of the case based on the present knowledge of bile salt metabolism and
      bile salt- bacterial interrelationship is presented.

PMID- 1202618
TI  - The use of neutral red as a peroperative test of vagal innervation.
AB  - The cervical vagi were stimulated electrically in four groups of dogs after the
      intravenous injection of 10 ml of 1% neutral red. One group had intact vagi, the
      second group had denervation of the distal parietal cell area of the stomach, the
      third group proximal parietal cell denervation, and the last group had had a
      complete transthoracic truncal vagotomy. The area of stomach secreting neutral
      red was significantly related to the insulin-stimulated acid secretion. This
      technique may provide the basis of a test of residual vagal innervation of
      parietal cells during vagotomy operations in man.

PMID- 1202620
TI  - Patterns of gastrin components in serum during feeding in normal subjects and
      duodenal ulcer patients.
AB  - The contribution of the different gastrin components to the gastrin response to a
      protein-rich meal was studied. Pooled or individual samples of venous blood drawn
      at intervals in 12 normal subjects and 16 patients with duodenal ulcers were
      fractionated on Sephadex G 50 superfine columns of various lengths. Total gastrin
      immunoreactivity and concentrations of various components were measured
      radioimmunochemically. The changes in total serum concentration of immunoreactive
      gastrin were principally due to changes in component II ('big gastrin') and III
      ('little gastrin'). The predominant pattern in both groups was an early increase
      in component III and a later and smaller increase in component II. Total gastrin
      response was largest in the patients with duodenal ulcer, and this was due mainly
      to component III. Furthermore, fasting samples also showed a relatively higher
      concentration of component III in the ulcer patients. This study shows that
      'little gastrin' is the more important component in the gastrin response to
      stimulation by food. Serum concentrations of total gastrin immunoreactivity are
      alike in normal subject and duodenal ulcer patients, but the findings indicate
      that increased levels of 'little' gastrin may be characteristic of duodenal ulcer
      disease. Since 'little gastrin' is more potent than 'big gastrin', this would
      agree with the hypersecretion of acid in duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1202619
TI  - Secretin dose-response in health and chronic pancreatic inflammatory disease.
AB  - Stepwise increasing doses of secretin (0.078, 0.233, 0.7, and 2.1 U/kg-h) were
      given to 12 healthy volunteers (HV) and to patients with a history of chronic
      pancreatic inflammatory disease of more than five years (CP5, 12 patients) and
      two years or less (CP2, 9 patients). The maximal bicarbonate response (Vmax) and
      the half maximal dose of secretin (Km) were calculated for each individual.
      Bicarbonate responses below that in HV were found in the majority of CP5 and in
      one-third of CP2. Vmax showed no superiority to the responses to the three
      largest doses of secretin in the diagnosis of bicarbonate secretory deficiency.
      In CP2 bicarbonate responses above that in HV were frequently found with the
      small doses of secretin. No evidence of hypersecretion was found. The findings
      suggested, however, that the early stage of chronic pancreatic inflammatory
      disease may be associated with an increased sensitivity to secretin. Km was
      poorly reproducible and showed no diagnostic ability. Large doses of secretin
      stimulated the secretion of proteolytic enzymes, but the diagnostic efficiency
      was less than for bicarbonate. The output of calcium varied markedly in CP2 and
      CP5. The bicarbonate/calcium ratio, however, was almost invariably lowered in
      these patients and showed diagnostic superiority to bicarbonate secretion.

PMID- 1202621
TI  - CEA levels at recurrence and metastases; importance for detecting secondary
      disease.
AB  - The relation of CEA plasma levels to prognostic factors was studied in 170
      patients with various stages of colo-rectal cancer. Several parameters of known
      relevance for the prognosis were analyzed. Among the patients with involvement of
      regional lymph nodes at the time of the primary, 53% had a raised CEA value
      (greater than 5 ng/ml serum) as opposed to 21% when this was not the case (p less
      than 0.05%). When serosal break-through had occured, 47% of the patients had
      raised values compared to 21% of those with no serosal break-through (p less than
      0.02%). After radical surgery, all patients who remained healthy acquired
      persistent low plasma CEA, giving the assay a prognostic value. Altogether 20
      patients had local recurrences without distant metastases and were thus potential
      candidates for a re-operation for cure. 70% had raised CEA plasma values, giving
      the assay a better than expected usefulness in the clinical follow-up, the
      significance of the difference from operated and healthy patients or healthy
      control persons being high, p less than 0.001%. The secondary rise in CEA
      appeared to be unconnected with whether or not the primary tumor had been
      accompanied by raised plasma CEA. The localization and the histopathological
      differentiation of the primary tumor seemed to be of less importance for the
      serum CEA than the dissemination of the tumor.

PMID- 1202622
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen in hereditary adenomatosis of the colon and rectum.
AB  - Hereditary adenomatosis of the colon and rectum (ACR) invariably leads to
      malignant transformation unless the patients undergo prophylactic operations. The
      serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was determined in 130 individuals
      belonging to different ACR-families. Fifty-six of them were operated upon with
      colectomy, 27 affected individuals were still not operated on, and 47 were
      unaffected first degree relatives. Around 20 percent of the patients in each of
      these groups had moderately raised CEA serum levels compared to unrelated healthy
      subjects. Since the serum values were low or only moderately raised and occurred
      in all groups, the determination of serum levels cannot be generally used to
      indicate malignant transformation of adenomas. However, assays of the tissue CEA
      content in six histologically verified adenomas showed values similar to those of
      overt colonic carcinomas. This opens up stimulating possibilities of
      investigating the CEA activity in serum and tissues of chosen individuals with
      ACR.

PMID- 1202623
TI  - Transplacental passage of foetal blood cells.
AB  - With the brightly fluorescent Y chromatin as a marker, the proportion of foetal
      lymphocytes in maternal blood was found to be 0.02-0.16% in 7 of 11 primigravidae
      bearing a boy, but not a single XY mitosis was found among 112,000
      leucoagglutinin-stimulated mitoses from the same women. The proportion of foetal
      lymphocytes did not change appreciably during pregnancy (first appearance
      detected at 15 weeks' gestation), nor were there any unequivocal foetal
      erythrocytes in spite of ABO and Rh compatibility. These findings suggest that
      foetal lymphocytes pass actively into the mother's blood relatively early during
      pregnancy. The cells are protected from immunological elimination, and therefore
      may remain in the maternal blood for long periods. They are a valuable potential
      source of material for antenatal foetal diagnosis.

PMID- 1202624
TI  - Activated reptilase clot retraction of dog platelet-rich plasma: differences with
      human platelet-rich plasma.
AB  - The retraction of dog platelet-rich plasma (PRP) clotted with Reptilase in the
      presence of inducers and inhibitors of the platelet adhesion-aggregation reaction
      was studied. In contrast to human cells, dog platelets fail to support retraction
      in an ADP-Reptilase system. With Thrombofax as aggregation inducer, slight
      (without additional CaCl2-MgCl2) to moderate (with additional CaCl2-MgCl2)
      retraction occurs. In contrast to human samples, such retraction is inhibited by
      platelet release inhibitors. Electron-microscopic examinations show that
      Thrombofax, but not ADP, induces the formation of large cytoplasmic protrusions
      from dog platelets. Such formation is inhibited by release-inhibitors. The
      results of the study support the concept that platelet pseudopod formation,
      rather than the release reaction, is a prerequisite for clot retraction.

PMID- 1202625
TI  - [Problems of swimming-pool hygiene--report of experiences].

PMID- 1202626
TI  - [Experiences in the supervision of swimming pools].

PMID- 1202627
TI  - [Therapeutic swimming pools].

PMID- 1202629
TI  - [Amoeba meningoencephalitis (AME). (Swimming pool amoebiasis)].

PMID- 1202628
TI  - [Incidence and amoeba in swimming pool water].

PMID- 1202630
TI  - [Liability problems in connection with the use of public and private swimming
      pools].

PMID- 1202632
TI  - [Salmonellas in surface waters--risk for bathers?].

PMID- 1202631
TI  - [Evaluation of open waters for bathing purposes].

PMID- 1202633
TI  - [Health hazards through bathing in coastal waters of the North Sea].

PMID- 1202634
TI  - [Guidelines for pool construction and management].

PMID- 1202635
TI  - A study on the biochemical genetics of abnormal hemoglobins.
AB  - In recent years, there were found in China 2 kinds of hemoglobin-M (Hb M Shanghai
      1, Hb M Shanghai-2) and 2 kinds of unstable hemoglobin (Hb Shanghai-1, Hb
      Shanghai-2), amoung which the propositus of Hb Shanghai-2 proved to be a
      heterozygote for both unstable hemoglobin gene and beta-thalassaemia gene. This
      article gives an account of the biochemical analysis and genetic studies of these
      four kinds of abnormal homoglobins. Besides, we present here also the records of
      2 family pedigrees of alpha-thalassaemia, and found in the blood of a patient a
      small quantity of another abnormal hemoglobin constituent in addition to Bart's
      hemoglobin and hemoglobin H. On these bases, a new hypothesis concerning the
      heredity of alpha-thalassaemia disease is proposed.

PMID- 1202636
TI  - Editorial: Clindamycin-associated colitis.

PMID- 1202637
TI  - Colitis associated with clindamycin therapy.
AB  - Clindamycin (7-chloro-7-deoxylincomycin) may induce mild or severe colitis. In 28
      months, clindamycin-associated diarrhea was encountered in 8 patients who had
      received oral therapy. Severe, acute colitis was seen in 4 older patients, 3 of
      whom had acute pseudomembranous colitis and one who had an adynamic ileus
      mimicking an acute abdomen. Mild colitis with protracted diarrhea occurred in 4
      younger patients who had mild, nonspecific inflammation in the rectum which
      responded to symptomatic treatment. The mechanism and true incidence of diarrhea
      as a sequel of clindamycin therapy are unknown. In all 8 patients, the use of
      clindamycin was arbitrary. Because of potentially serious gastrointestinal
      disturbance, including acute pseudomembranous colitis, clindamycin should be
      reserved for anaerobic and other serious infections.

PMID- 1202638
TI  - Stone disease in urinary diversion.
AB  - An increased incidence of calculus formation has been discovered in various forms
      of urinary diversion. The etiologic factors involved are discussed and a
      hypothesis is advanced as an explanation. Preventive therapy for calculus
      formation and surgical removal of existing calculi are reviewed.

PMID- 1202639
TI  - Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to ruptured intracranial aneurysm during
      pregnancy.
AB  - Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a rare obstetric complication. Its
      clinical course during pregnancy is similar to that in non-pregnant patients.
      Prompt diagnosis by analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and by arteriography followed
      closely by surgical intervention when indicated yields the best results. If labor
      ensues, vaginal delivery (unless contraindicated) is preferred by most
      clinicians.

PMID- 1202640
TI  - Cerebrospinal rhinorrhea: diagnosis and management.
AB  - The role of the otolaryngologist in the diagnosis and management of cerebrospinal
      fluid rhinorrhea is discussed. One hundred eight cases of cerebrospinal
      rhinorrhea were studied with emphasis on cause, localization, and treatment.
      Extracranial approaches produce minimal morbidity and should be considered as
      possible treatment for every patient with cerebrospinal rhinorrhea with leaks
      located in the frontoethmoid complex, cribriform plate, or sphenoid sinus region.

PMID- 1202641
TI  - Guillain-Barre syndrome: review of the literature, case presentation, and
      physiatric management.
AB  - Total care of patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome, particularly the physiatric
      management during the acute, recovery, and chronic stages of the disease, is very
      important. The methods of physiatric treatment stress body positioning, bed rest,
      respiratory care, limited or no activity during the acute stage, gradual increase
      in activity, and proportionally less bed rest during the recovery phase.
      Described are 30 consecutive patients admitted to a department of physical
      medicine and rehabilitation for care. With close and proper management, more than
      60% of the patients achieved satisfactory and almost complete recovery, and over
      20% had fair recovery. Major problems were respiratory deficit, easy
      fatigability, and the possibility of relapse. Care should be tailored for each
      individual and assessed from day to day.

PMID- 1202643
TI  - XYY syndrome, stigmatization, social class, and aggression: study of 15 cases.
AB  - This is a paper about the relationship of stigmatization to social class in XYY
      individuals, and of this relationship to manifestations of agressive behavior.
      The sample comprised 15 men and youths with the XYY syndrome; 8 were identified
      in a survey of institutions for males with behavior disorders and 7 were
      privately referred. All had been stigmatized by physique and appearance and/or
      behavior. The most frequent stigmatizing features were excessive height for age,
      excessive impulsiveness in behavior, and excessive temper tantrums in childhood;
      these were present in all cases. Antisocial or law-breaking behavior was present
      in 13 cases. Stigmatization did not correlate with socioeconomic class, rated
      according to the Shevky and Bell scale as modified to suit the study. However,
      the consequences of stigmatization were class related in that the lower the
      class, the greater the chance that the XYY individual would spend time in the
      penal as well as the medical system of society.

PMID- 1202642
TI  - Clinical and epidemiologic features of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in
      Mississippi, 1933-1973.
AB  - During the period 1933-1973, 169 cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)
      were either reported by physicians or detected in a retrospective survey of
      hospitals and practicing physicians in Mississippi. The epidemiologic
      characteristics of 119 cases and the clinical features of 75 serologically
      confirmed cases are summarized in this communication and compared with other
      published reviews of RMSF. Although the percentage of reported fatal cases
      decreased overall since 1950, 9 of 49 reported cases (18%) in Mississippi were
      fatal during the period 1969-1972. The yearly number of reported cases of RMSF in
      Mississippi increased fourfold from 1970-1973. In the past 40 years, only 5 cases
      of RMSF have been reported from the Mississippi delta, a flat agricultural region
      that includes over one fourth of the total population of the state.

PMID- 1202644
TI  - Late-appearing benign obstruction of the colon in Hodgkins disease after clinical
      remission.

PMID- 1202645
TI  - Treatment of status asthmaticus in children.

PMID- 1202646
TI  - The retrotracheal triangle in pediatric patients.
AB  - The retrotracheal triangle is the posterior superior mediastinum and usually is
      well outlined on the routine lateral chest roentgenogram. It has characteristic
      features, and careful evaluation of this area on routine roentgenogram will be of
      assistance in identifying abnormalities producing respiratory or feeding
      difficulties in infants and children. Anomalies occurring in this area include
      vascular structures, esophageal lesions, tumor masses, and inflammatory lesions.

PMID- 1202647
TI  - The syndrome of fat embolism.

PMID- 1202649
TI  - Determination of gestational age of the fetus.

PMID- 1202648
TI  - Thermography.
AB  - As thermographic equipment is improved and as physicians gain experience in its
      use, thermography gradually is gaining importance as a diagnostic aid in a wide
      range of disease processes. The technic is finding increasing acceptance in
      diagnosis of breast disease particularly as an adjunct to mammography. The
      American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute are in the process of
      establishing 20 demonstration centers for breast cancer detection using
      thermography, mammography, and physical examinations. Although all of the centers
      are not at present fully staffed with personnel experienced in thermographic
      interpretation, the project promises to give a better basis for cost estimates
      for screening with the thermography as compared to present systems. The
      technologic knowledge exists for the development of improved scanning infrared
      cameras with magnetic tape storage and dynamic display. These systems will lend
      themselves to quantitative measurements and semiautomatic interpretation which
      can improve the accuracy and reduce the cost of mass screening for breast cancer.
      Although additional clinical research is necessary, thermography has numerous
      applications in a variety of disease states. In the future, total body
      thermography may well become an important part of medical screening examinations.

PMID- 1202651
TI  - [Preliminary performance test in saddle horses (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of the literature on a preliminary performance test for saddle horses
      (stallions) is concerned with European countries. Interest is found to be
      increasing in the various countries. Performance of the test in the Netherlands
      (since 1966) is described and the various criteria of evaluation are discussed in
      detail. The intensity of selection based on this test is referred to. In 1974, it
      was 78 per cent in the Netherlands. Part of studies on the relationship between
      some results of testing are reviewed. The traction test shows a very low
      coefficient of correlation with the other parts of the examination. The
      contemplated analysis of the results of progeny groups is discussed. In the
      comment, the fact is stressed that there should be more international co
      operation in this field. Finally, the preliminary performance test is considered
      as part of the criteria adopted in the selection of saddle horses in the future.

PMID- 1202650
TI  - [Fertility disturbances on cattle farms (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with the problem of subfertility on farms and covers such
      aspects as the previous relevant history of the farm, the analysis of
      fertilisation results, and possible causes of a farm's subfertility. Since
      imperfection in the management generally form the most important cause of the
      problem, this point is treated in greater detail. Particularly the detection of
      oestrus and perinatal hygiene are discussed.

PMID- 1202652
TI  - [Clinical experience of Ethrane inhalation anaesthesia compared with halothane
      inhalation anaesthesia in dogs (author's transl)].
AB  - Anaesthesia was carried out in fourteen cases as part of the present study,
      ethrane being used in eight and halothane in six cases. Each group included an
      experimental dog in which surgery was not performed. The others were patients
      which had to undergo a surgical procedure. In addition to clinical impressions,
      the following parameters were recorded: the pulse and heart rates, the
      electrocardiogram, the systolic pressure and the capnogram. In view of the small
      number of and marked variation in patients, only cautious conclusions could be
      drawn. Attention is drawn to the fact that cardiovascular complications may occur
      when large doses of the anaesthestics are administered. These large doses were
      constantly required to maintain a sufficiently deep anaesthesia when ethrane was
      used. The amount of ethrane utilized therefore was definitely larger than was
      that of halothane. Ethrane had the advantage that recovery from anaesthesia was
      mor rapid and smoother. Personal experience showed that satisfactory anaesthesia
      may be produced by either anaesthetic. Secondary considerations may therefore be
      an important factor in making a choice between the two agents.

PMID- 1202653
TI  - [Nitrate poisoning in store cattle (author's transl)].
AB  - Twelve eighteen-month-old calves contracted nitrate poisoning as a result of
      overfeeding with turnips. Four animals died before treatment was instituted.
      Intravenous injection of methylene blue resulted in prompt and complete recovery
      of the other animals.

PMID- 1202654
TI  - Morphometric estimation of brain swelling and atrophy.
AB  - A morphometric method was presented to estimate brain swelling or atrophy from
      the geometric characteristics of the pontine cross section. The ratio of the area
      (A) to the perimeter squared (L2) was termed "area factor" (f) and used as a
      factor indicating circularity. Normal standards for the net cross-sectional area
      (Ap) and the area factor (f) of the pons measured on paraffin sections were 3.43
      approximately 4.87 cm2 and 0.0684 approximately 0.0740, respectively. Values
      exceeding these ranges suggested brain edema. The pontine area factors (f) of the
      control cases under 60 years of age were less spread out than Ap, whereas they
      exhibited larger individual variations over that age presumably as a result of
      varying involution of the brain. A close correlation was found between Ap and
      water content of the cerebral white matter, except in pontine hemorrhage. The
      correlation was particularly marked in the group of cerebral diseases other than
      stroke. The longitudinal length of the basis pontis (lp) was essentially the same
      in the normal brain and even in the stoke group excluding pontine and cerebellar
      hemorrhage. In severe brain swelling the pontine longitudinal length was rather
      reduced.

PMID- 1202655
TI  - Consecutive radiography of breast slices for estimation of glandular volume and
      detection of small subclinical lesions. A comparison between Japan and Hawaii
      Japanese.
AB  - A technique of consecutive radiography of the serially sliced breast was evolved
      and applied to a comparative study on the breast of Japanese in Japan (75
      subjects) and Hawaii (49). Increased mammary fat accounts for an increase in the
      size of the Hawaii Japanese breast (mean; 152.4 cm3) in comparison with that in
      Japan (82.5 cm3). However, the glandular volume calculated from the radiography
      and lobular structures in histology were not significantly different in the two
      groups. A small subclinical lesion measuring over 3 mm in diameter in a
      histological section was radiographically detected. In Hawaii, duct-epithelial
      hyperplasia and apocrine metaplasia were significantly more prevalent in Japan,
      and the former lesion was most conspicuous in the large mammary gland.

PMID- 1202656
TI  - Effects of diagnostic ultrasound irradiated during foetal stage on emotional and
      cognitive behaviour in rats.
AB  - Our previous work demonstrated that the prenatally irradiated ultrasound of even
      a low-intensity might affect the functional development of the brain of offspring
      in rats. In the present study, in order to investigate the emotional and
      cognitive behaviour of offspring of rats that received the irradiation of a
      diagnostic ultrasound on the 9th day of gestation, the following three
      experiments were carried out: 1) The emotional reactivity of the offspring was
      measured by the open-field technique. 2) The same reactivity was further
      evaluated in terms of the excape response from electroshock. 3) The cognitive
      function of the offspring was assessed through the discrimination learning and
      the discrimination reversal learning. The offspring of irradiated rats showed
      significantly more distinct vocalization response to handling in the open-field
      test and significantly more distinct escape response from the electroshock, when
      compared with the two control rats (untreated control and sham-irradiated
      control). From these findings it may be suggested that the emotional behaviour in
      rats can be influenced by a low-intensity ultrasound irradiated during foetal
      stage. On the other hand, as for the cognitive behaviour, the results of the
      present study suggest no adverse effect on it.

PMID- 1202657
TI  - Pyelonephritis and hypertension.
AB  - Blood pressure changes were followed up for 1-12 years (average; 3.8 years) in 46
      cases of confirmed postoperative chronic pyelonephritis which had undergone
      ureterocutaneostomy, nephrostomy or other urologic operations. Diastolic blood
      pressure levels averaged 82 mmHg before operation, and 89 mmHg in the chronic
      stage after the operation. The incidence of hypertension (over 100 mmHg diastolic
      pressure) was 7% before the operation, but rose to 30% in the chronic stage.
      Application of an "age- and sex-adjusted score" also served to confirm a mean
      increase in blood pressure through the development of chronic pyelonephritis. No
      correlation was found between renal function and blood pressure. Nor was there
      any definite relationship between family history of hypertension and high blood
      pressure. In the 14 cases observed for plasma renin activity, values were found
      to be in the normal range.

PMID- 1202658
TI  - Histologic host response to primary methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas in rats
      immunized with allogeneic tumors.
AB  - Lymphocytic infiltration was observed in 44 of 51 (86%) 3-methylcholanthrene
      (MCA)-induced sarcomas in rats which had been intensively immunized with
      allogeneic tumors. Eleven of 29 (38%) tumors with intense lymphocytic
      infiltration and 5 of 15 (33%) tumors with moderate lymphocytic infiltration were
      "negative" in autologous transplantation. On the other hand, all of 7 tumors
      accompanied with slight or no lymphocytic infiltration were "positive".

PMID- 1202659
TI  - Androsterone. The structure by force-field calculations.
AB  - The structure of androsterone was calculated by the force-field (molecular
      mechanics) method. Plots of the calculated structure are compared with those of
      the X-ray structure, and found to have all of the atoms in the same positions to
      within 0.1 A. The regular Dreiding model structure differs substantially from
      these calculated and experimental structures, atomic positions being up to 0.9 A
      removed from where they should be.

PMID- 1202660
TI  - Measurement of bile acid synthesis by 14CO2: the metabolism of propionyl CoA.
AB  - The relationship between 14CO2 evolution from the catabolism of [26 or 2714C]
      cholesterol to bile acids was studied in rats with biliary fistulae. When equal
      quantities of [26 or 2714C] cholesterol and [414C] cholesterol were administered,
      there was a significant linear relationship between 14CO2 expiration in the
      breath and [414C] bile acid excreted in the bile. Bile acid synthesis calculated
      as the ratio of 14CO2: molar specific activity of biliary cholesterol correlated
      highly with biliary bile acid excretion in the bile acid depleted rat.
      Phenobarbital, a known inducer of gamma-amino levulenic acid formation from
      succinyl CoA did not alter the relationship between the 14CO2 estimation of bile
      acid synthesis and biliary bile acid excretion, indicating that the relationship
      between [26 or 2714C] cholesterol side chain cleavage and 14CO2 formation was not
      altered. Phenobarbital, however, did cause a reduction in bile acid synthesis
      measured by 14CO2 evolution and by biliary bile acid excretion. The 14CO2 method
      underestimated bile acid excretion. 8.7% in untreated and phenobarbital treated
      rats respectively. Since 11% of the radioactivity which was expired as 14CO2 was
      isolated as bile acids, radioactivity cleaved as [1 or 314C] propionyl CoA may
      enter cholesterol-bile acid biosynthesis resulting in the underestimation of bile
      acid synthesis. To test whether radioactivity from propionyl CoA enters steroid
      biosynthesis [114C] propionate and [214C] propionate were given to untreated
      biliary fistula rats and the biliary lipids excreted in 60 hours were analyzed.
      Incorporation of radioactivity into cholesterol and bile acids was greater after
      the administration of [214C] propionate than after [114C] propionate than after
      [114C] propionate, suggesting that radioactivity from propionyl CoA may enter
      steroid biosynthesis by metabolic events in which the methylene and carboxyl
      carbon atoms are differentiated. Although the use of 14CO2 expiration from [26 or
      2714C] cholesterol catabolism underestimates the rate of bile acid synthesis, it
      should have many applications because of the constant relationship between 14CO2
      formation and cholesterol side chain cleavage.

PMID- 1202662
TI  - Synthesis of specifically deuterium-labelled pregnanolone and pregnanediol
      sulphates for metabolic studies in humans.
AB  - A synthesis is reported of 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one sulphate and the
      disulphate and 3-monosulphate of 5alpha-pregnane-3beta,20alpha-diol, labelled
      specifically with deuterium in high isotopic purity for metabolic studies in
      humans. Base-catalyzed equilibration of 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-25R-spirostan-12-one
      (hemcogenin, II) with deuterium oxide, followed by removal of the 12-keto group
      and degradation of the sapogenin side-chain afforded 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-[11,11
      2H2]pregn-16-en-20-one (VII). Further deuterium atoms were introduced at the
      3alpha and 20beta positions by reductions with sodium borodeuteride and lithium
      aluminum deuteride, respectively. These reactions led to 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha
      [3alpha,11,11-2H3]pregnan-20-one (X; isotopic purity 87.2%) and 5alpha
      [3alpha,11,11,20beta-2H4]pregnane-3beta,20alpha-diol (XIV; isotopic purity
      83.9%). The 3-sulphate of the pregnanolone and the 3,20-disulphate of the
      pregnanediol were prepared directly form the free alcohols, while the 3
      monosulphate of the pregnanediol was obtained via 5alpha-[3alpha,11,11,20beta
      2H4]pregnane-3beta,20alpha-diol 20-acetate (XVII).

PMID- 1202661
TI  - Structural analogs of 1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: preparation and
      biological assay of 1alpha-hydroxypregnacalciferol.
AB  - The synthesis of 1alpha-hydroxypregnacalciferol, a side chain analog of 1alpha,25
      dihydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), is described.
      Pregnenolone acetate was converted in five steps to 5-pregnen-1alpha,3beta-diol.
      Conversion of the diol to pregna-5,7-diene-1alpha,3beta diol diacetate followed
      by ultraviolet irradiation gave the corresponding previtamin derivative. Thermal
      isomerization, hydrolysis and chromatography then furnished the desired analog,
      1alpha-hydroxypregnacalciferol. The compound was tested in vivo for its effect on
      intestinal calcium transport, serum calcium and phosphate levels and bone
      calcification, and in vitro for its effect on bone resorption. When given to
      intact rats, either as a single dose or in repeated daily doses, the analog even
      at high dose levels, exhibited no biological activity. The compound stimulated
      bone resorption in vitro, but only at high concentrations.

PMID- 1202663
TI  - The reaction of 5alpha-cholestan-6alpha-ol with phosphorus pentachloride and with
      thionyl chloride.
AB  - GC analysis of the reaction product of 5alpha-cholestan-6alpha-ol and phosphorus
      pentachloride indicated the presence of 6alpha-chloro-5alpha-cholestane, 6beta
      chloro-5alpha-cholestane, 5,6beta-dichloro-5alpha-cholestane, and traces of
      cholest-5-ene; a computerised GC-MS system furnished visual reproductions of the
      gas chromatograms, but failed to yield corresponding mass chromatograms because
      of decomposition of the chlorides in the molecular separator. GC analysis of the
      reaction product of 5alpha-cholestan-6alpha-ol and thionyl chloride showed the
      formation of 6alpha-chloro-5alpha-cholestane, cholest-5-ene, 5-chloro-5alpha
      cholestane, and traces of four unidentified substances, whilst the GC-MS system
      furnished visual reproductions of the gas chromatograms, but again failed to
      yield corresponding mass chromatograms.

PMID- 1202664
TI  - Stimulation of testosterone production by isolated rabbit ovarian follicles in
      the presence of luteinizing hormone and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride.
AB  - Luteinizing hormone (LH) causes a dramatic increase in steroidogenesis by
      isolated rabbit follicles which secrete testosterone as a major product. In order
      to determine whether the source of this testosterone could be from stores of
      cholesterol esters rabbit follicles were incubated with LH and
      phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) an inhibitor of cholesterol esterase. No
      inhibition of testosterone production could be detected in the presence of PMSF
      indicating that cholesterol esters are not precursors for testosterone synthesis
      by rabbit follicles.

PMID- 1202665
TI  - The excretion of metabolites of testosterone and of estradiol in male patients
      with chronic renal failure.
AB  - Intravenous infusions of 14C-testosterone (Te) either alone or in combination
      with 3H-estradiol (E2) were given to five normal male subjects, twelve male
      patients on haemodialysis (HD) treatment and to one patient with a very
      restricted renal function. The elimination of radioactivity was measured in
      urine, HD fluid and faeces. Urinary excretion diminished with renal function. It
      was negligible at a creatinine clearance of less than one ml per minute. A
      quarter of both isotopes was eliminated by six HD treatments within  three weeks.
      No difference was found in this respect between nephrectomized patients and those
      who were still in possession of their kidneys. The main excretion occurred in the
      stools. E2 metabolites, and to a lesser extent Te metabolites, appeared in the
      faeces within 24 hours, which might be explained by biliary excretion only. More
      3H (E2 metabolites) than 14C (Te metabolites) was found in the faeces; more 14C
      than 3H found in HD fluid.

PMID- 1202666
TI  - Steroid t-butyldimethylsilyl ethers as derivatives for mass fragmentography.

PMID- 1202667
TI  - Heterocyclic steroids-Part-IV. Studies on the total synthesis of 3-methoxy-7beta
      phenyl-6-oxaestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17beta-ol.

PMID- 1202668
TI  - Obstacles to family planning practice in urban Morocco.
AB  - Sixty in-depth interviews with mothers living in a urban slum of Morocco probed
      resistances to practicing modern methods of fertility control and began to shed
      light on some of the reasons family planning programs often fail to reach
      illiterate target populations. Economic insecurity and the disintegration of the
      support networks of the traditional extended family complicate the difficult
      lives of young mothers in the urban slum. While such factors tend to encourage
      smaller families, the uncertainties and complexities of the socioeconomic
      structure contribute to the problems blocking access to modern methods of
      fertility control.

PMID- 1202669
TI  - How doctors in Bolivia and the Philippines view sterilization.
AB  - Attitudes toward sterilization of 165 Bolivian obstetrican/gynecologists surveyed
      in 1974 and those of a randomly selected group of 200 Philippine family planning
      physicians studied in 1972 are described. Although the attitudes of Bolivian
      respondents were less favorable to sterilization, a majority of both groups of
      physicians favored making sterilization available under certain conditions. In
      Bolivia, physicians with more favorable attitudes toward sterilization were more
      likely to be younger, to be male, to have a lower degree to religiosity, and to
      regard high fertility as a problem for the family rather than the state or
      society. Tentative explanations are offered for the differences in attitudes
      between the two groups of physicians. Finally, the increasing demand for, and
      availability of, sterilization in Latin America is noted.

PMID- 1202670
TI  - The containment of world population growth.
AB  - The world has reached the present position of unprecedentedly rapid population
      growth not by achieving uniquely high fertility but by bringing about
      extraordinarily low mortality. The high growth rate and the built-in momentum of
      the age structure are obstacles to achievement of an acceptable standard of
      living for most of the world's population. Although government population
      programs have the potential to curb this growth rate, this potential has not been
      realized, and such programs are too often perceived both by their administrators
      and the population concerned as an end in themselves rather than a means toward a
      better standard of living. It is in this latter perspective, and in the context
      of the total development process, that population programs should be implemented.

PMID- 1202671
TI  - The health of mother and child in rural Central Africa.
AB  - In the Great Lakes Region of Central Africa, the population suffers from severe
      proteo-caloric malnutrition, with adverse affects on maternal and child health.
      Improvement of maternal nutrition would lead to rapid consecutive pregnancies,
      reducing the length of time each child could be breastfed and reducing the
      protein available to each child. Hence, the authors recommend modern birth
      spacing methods in combination with programs to improve the health of mother and
      child.

PMID- 1202672
TI  - Family planning program: world review 1974. Introduction.

PMID- 1202673
TI  - Family planning programs: world review 1974. East Asia.

PMID- 1202674
TI  - Family planning program: world review 1974. South Asia.

PMID- 1202676
TI  - Family planning programs: world review 1974. Sub-Saharan Africa.

PMID- 1202675
TI  - Family planning programs: world review 1974. Latin America.

PMID- 1202677
TI  - Family planning programs: world review 1974. The Middle East and North Africa.

PMID- 1202678
TI  - Family planning programs: world review 1974. China, The People's Republic of.

PMID- 1202679
TI  - [Submicroscopic study of the Reissner's membrane following the use of
      streptomycin].

PMID- 1202680
TI  - [Some quantitative characteristics of the frog retinal rod outer segments].
AB  - Retinal rod outer segments in frogs were studied by means of light microscopy,
      refractometry, microspectrophotometry, and electron microscopy. Analysis of the
      data obtained shows that an unidentified substance, which makes up about 50% of
      outer segment dry weight, is lost during routine biochemical investigations. The
      protein parts of the rhodopsin molecules make up 85% of the outer segments
      proteins and 25% of outer segment dry weight. Rhodopsin molecules can be arranged
      in a square array with a unit cell side of about 7 nm on one side of each disk
      membrane. Lipids in a single membrane occupy only 2 nm, and disk membranes are
      strongly hydrated.

PMID- 1202681
TI  - [Differential reaction of condensed and diffuse chromatin to polyamines. II.
      Effect of putrescine on the chromatin of mitotic chromosomes].
AB  - The response of euchromatin and heterochromatin to putrescine was studied using
      chinese hamster mitotic chromosomes with heterochromatic segments delayed in
      condensation due to BUdR treatment. These heterochromatic segments did not react
      to the condensing effect of putrescine looking during metaphase still more
      elongated. Additional decondensed segments occurred in chromosomes. This is
      interpreted as the condensing effect of putrescine on euchromatic segments which
      accelerates transition of the cells into metaphase with preserved BUdR-induced
      chromosomal decondensation.

PMID- 1202682
TI  - [Evaluation of the size of the proliferative pool and the length of the mitotic
      cycle according to the accumulation curve of labelled cells].
AB  - Abnormal increase of the accumulation curve of H3-thymidine labelled cells for
      the systems with proliferative pool Pc less than 1 (rat mesothelium and the basal
      cells of the epithelium of the hamster cheek pouch) is due to stimulation of cell
      transition from R1 phase to the regulatory G1r phase (the dichophase) within G1
      period of the mitotic cycle. The stimulation was assumed to depend on the
      radiation and transmutation defects in DNA due to H3 disintegration, and to occur
      when the stream of labelled cells reached the G1r phase. Proliferative pool and
      the duration of mitotic cycle can be estimated by means of coordinates of the
      abnormal curve.

PMID- 1202683
TI  - [3-dimensional growth (spheroid formation) of tumor cells in diffusion chambers].
AB  - The three-dimension growth -- spheroidoformation of tumor cells of the primary MX
      induced sarcoma in mice BALB/c, C57BL, and C3H/Sn, was studied. The tumor cells
      were cultured on millipore filters of the diffusion chambers implanted into the
      peritoneal cavity of normal syngeneic mice.

PMID- 1202684
TI  - [Penetration of anti-lysosome serum in macrophages and the localization of anti
      lysosome antibodies in their structures].
AB  - Penetration of antilysosomal sera into living macrophages, their localization on
      subcellular structures, and their effects upon the cell, were studied by means of
      immunofluorescence technique. The rabbit antilysosomal (antimembrane) immune
      globulins were found to be ingested by the mouse macrophages and to exert obvious
      effect upon the macrophage function. The specificity of used antisera was
      confirmed by findings obtained with fixed macrophages.

PMID- 1202685
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the interaction between neoplastic fibroblasts and
      the substrate in tissue culture].
AB  - Electron microscope study of neoplastic L fibroblasts was carried out in 15, 30,
      60, and 90 min after their attachment to solid substratum. Comparative analysis
      of neoplastic and normal fibroblasts at the same stages was carried out.
      Spreading rate of L fibroblasts proved slower than that of normal fibroblasts.
      Primary reaction of neoplastic cells was disturbed on the contact with
      substratum: it was morphologically manifested in changing of structure of the
      cell lower surface. Bundles of microfilaments were absent from the neoplastic
      fibroblasts' cytoplasm. The above changes, apparently, may entail the lesser
      degree of spreading and the weaker attachement of neoplastic fibroblasts to the
      substratum.

PMID- 1202686
TI  - [Kinetic dimensions of cells and crypts in irradiated intestinal epithelium of
      mice].
AB  - The average value of axial cryptal section area and cell section area on it were
      studied during 8 days after total X-ray irradiation of male mice (400 rad). A
      small reducing of cryptal area (20%) during destructive period (1-2 days) is
      followed by a big overshoot (60%) during regenerative time (3-7 days). The
      cryptal sizes in regenerative period deviate from a steady state more than during
      destructive time. There are two high waves of abnormal growth of cell sizes above
      the steady level: the first one during destructive time and the second one during
      regeneration. This level seems to be near to minimal sizes of cryptal
      proliferative cells which are necessary for proliferation. It means that normal
      intestinal epithelium is a very economical and stabilized system. It is possible
      to evaluate quantitatively the associated with proliferation flow of substance
      per crypt cell for normal and irradiated intestine by means of index Iv where I
      is mitotical index and v - the cell volume. Cell hypertrophy at the time of
      regeneration on the 4th-7th days and later after irradiation (130-160%), was
      revealed. The crypt cell hypertrophy is the factor of destabilization of
      irradiated intestinal epithelium.

PMID- 1202687
TI  - [Inverted microspectrofluorimeter].

PMID- 1202688
TI  - [Study of the soluble proteins of the skin of young cattle in the presence of
      ultraviolet irradiation in vivo and in vitro].
AB  - The effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the quantity of soluble proteins in skin
      and content of SH-groups in them, immunoelectrophoretic, electrophoretic
      properties and amino acid composition of soluble skin proteins was studied under
      ultraviolet irradiation of calfs and solutions of those proteins in vitro.
      Ultraviolet rays are established to affect the total content of soluble proteins
      and SH-groups under ultraviolet irradiation of the animals and these proteins
      solutions in vitro, but the character of the obtained changes is different in
      both cases. The quantity of soluble proteins in the animal skin depends on the
      irradiation frequency. In the composition of the calf skin soluble proteins 14
      proteins were found immunologically similar to the blood serum proteins of these
      animals. Ultraviolet irradiation of the soluble skin proteins in vivo and in
      vitro does not affect their amino acid composition.

PMID- 1202689
TI  - [Effect of vegetable polyphenols on the level of glycogen in the tissues and
      glucose in the blood of starving rabbits].
AB  - The paper deals with the effect of galascorbin and polyphenol preparations
      obtained from oats and birch buds on the content of glycogen in the tissues and
      that of glucose in the blood of fasting rabbits. It is shown that introduction of
      P-vitamin preparations under study into the organism of fasting animals favours
      the preservation of glycogen content in the liver, skeletal and heart muscles.
      The level of glucose preserved in blood with administration of galascorbin and
      polyphenol preparations from oats and birch buds was 27, 36 and 34% of the
      control, respectively.

PMID- 1202690
TI  - [Influence of galascorbin on the levels of potassium and sodium in the organs and
      tissues of guinea pigs in burn disease].
AB  - The burn disease is accompanied by considerable disturbances in mineral
      metabolism, which is manifested in retention of sodium and loss of potassium in
      tissues and in disturbances in distribution of these ions between cells and
      intercellular space. This results in an increase in the proportion intracellular
      sodium/extracellular sodium and a decrease in the proportion intracellular
      potassium/extracellular potassium. Application of galascorbic acid prevents from
      both the increase in the total sodium quantity and its intracellular fraction and
      eliminates such a considerable loss of potassium by tissues.

PMID- 1202692
TI  - [Use of 3-phosphoglycerine aldehyde in the qualitative standard for the
      determination of aldolase activity].

PMID- 1202691
TI  - [Influence of denervation of the liver on its level of nucleic acids and free
      adenine nucleotides].
AB  - It is established that liver denervation is accompanied with a significant
      increase of DNA content on the 10, 20 and 30th day after operation: 19, 22 and
      25%, respectively. The 12% rise on the average in RNA content is observed on the
      10th day. This level is preserved during the following days after denervation.
      The changes in the content of free adenine nucleotides are contrary. The decrease
      in ATP quantity, which is insignificant on the 10th day, makes progress and
      reaches 20% on the 20th day. The decrease in ADP is 13%, the content of AMP
      remains practically unchanged. The obtained data evidence for the participation
      of the nervous system in maintaining the normal level of poly- and
      mononucleotides, specific for the liver.

PMID- 1202693
TI  - [Metabolizability of RNA in the liver mitochondia of rats under the influence of
      hydrocortisone and sodium ribonucleinate].
AB  - Sodium ribonucleate and hydrocortizone-acetate (5 mg/100 g) separately and in
      combination were injected to the intact albino rats daily for 14 days. The
      multiple injections of hydrocortizone cause in the liver mitochondria a change in
      the ratio of RNA (17 S and 13 S) and tRNA (4 S), as well as a decrease in the
      intensity of the radioactive predecessors (orthophosphate-P32 orotate-C14 and
      uridine-H3) incorporation into tRNA and tRNA of the liver mitochondria, decay
      inhibition of mitochondrial tRNA and to a less extent - of rRNA. The multiple
      injections of ribonucleate evoke intensification of the labelled predecessors
      incorporation into tRNA and rRNA of the liver mitochondria. With injections of
      ribonucleinate in combination with hydrocortizone the negative effect of
      hydrocortizone surplus on incorporation of the labelled predecessors into
      mitochondrial RNA and on the ratio of rRNA and tRNA in the mitochondria is
      related by a positive effect of ribonucleinate.

PMID- 1202694
TI  - [Comparative study of the influence of yeast mannans on the rate of catalase
      synthesis in the liver of rats].
AB  - The effect of polysaccharides from Rh. rubra and Rh. mucilaginosa was studied as
      applied to the rate of catalase synthesis in rat liver. The constants were
      calculated for the rates of catalase synthesis and destruction. Yeast's mannan
      from Rh. mucilaginosa does not practically affect the rate of catalase synthesis.
      The mannan from Rh. rubra produces an almost three-fold inhibition on the
      catalase synthesis and the degree of the enzyme synthesis recovery lowers by 20%
      as compared the control value. Possible mechanisms of the effect of the yeast's
      mannans on the rat catalase are discussed.

PMID- 1202695
TI  - [Lipid levels in rabbit sarcolemma normally and during experimental muscular
      dystrophy].
AB  - The cholesterin content, total content and phsopholipid composition were studied
      in sarcolemma of normal rabbits and those with experimental muscular dystrophy.
      The total content of phospholipids in the sarcolemma of young normal rabbits is
      4.8 mg of phosphorus per 1 mg of protein which is higher than that in the
      sarcolemma of adult rabbits 33%. With experimental muscular dystrophy the content
      of cholesterin is 2.7 as high as its content in the sarcolemma of the normal
      rabbits. It is established that the content of phosphatidilserine in the
      sarcolemma of young normal rabbits is by 61% higher than that in adult animals.
      The content of phosphatidilserine of lysophosphatidilcholine decreases by 40 and
      39%, respectively, with dystrophy. The content of phosphatidilcholine increases
      by 16% as compared with sarcolemma extracted from the muscles of the young normal
      rabbits. Molar ratio of phospholipid/cholesterine in the sarcolemma of normal
      rabbits is 1.8 and decreases with the experimental muscular dystrophy to 0.75.

PMID- 1202696
TI  - [Study of the regulation of the synthesis and activity of IMP-dehydrogenase in
      the yeast Pichia guilliermondii].
AB  - Activity of IMP-dehydrogenase was studied in the cells of P. guilliermondii ATCC
      9058 from different growth phase; the yeast was cultivated in iron-rich and iron
      deficient media. The highest activity of the enzyme was found in the iron-rich
      cells from the logarithmic growth phase. In the iron-deficient cells synthetizing
      great amounts of riboflavin the IMP-dehydrogenase activity was somewhat higher in
      negative growth acceleration phase than that of iron-rich cells from the same
      stage. Guanine considerably represses synthesis of IMP-dehydrogenase in the cells
      of the mutant P. guilliermondii Y-2031 with the blocked GMP-synthetase. In the
      iron-deficient cells no changes in the character of IMP-dehydrogenase synthesis
      regulation were found in comparison with the iron-rich cells. 5'-GMP, 5'-GDP and
      5'-GTP considerably inhibit IMP-dehydrogenase activity of the cell-free
      preparations of the yeast P. guilliermondii. 5'-AMP, 5'UMP and 5'-CMP slightly
      affect the enzyme activity. Guanine inhibits LMP-dehydrogenase activity in
      experimeents in vivo with the guanine- and arginine-requiring "Y" 2031/arg. Thus,
      synthesis of guanylic acid in the yeast P. guilliermondii is regulated by means
      of two mechanisms repression of IMP dehydrogenase synthesis and inhibition of the
      activity of this enzyme by guanyl compounds.

PMID- 1202697
TI  - [Dynamics of changes in the level of GABA in various sections of the cerebral
      cortex and cerebellum of dogs during postnatal ontogenesis].
AB  - The content of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in different sections of dog
      cerebral cortex and cerebellum suffers considerable changes in the postnatal
      ontogenesis. In the optic area (field 17) of the cerebral cortex GABA content
      significantly increases from the birthday till six-month age and then it
      decreases and remains in puberal animals (the 365th day) at the level of three
      month ones. In the parietal and motor sections of the cortex and cerebellum the
      content of GABA increases intensively during the first fortnight of the postnatal
      development, decreases sharply during the third week of the development, remains
      at the reached level till the 90th day and then it increases till the six-month
      age, reaching maximum levels which are 1.6, 1.8 and 2.3 times as high as the GABA
      content in these areas, respectively. In puberal (the 365th day) animals GABA
      content in these sections of the cortex and cerebellum considerably decreases in
      comparison with 6-month animals. In the parietal and motor sections of the cortex
      it reaches approximately the level of that in newborn ones and in the optic area
      of the cortex and cerebellum it is 1.7 and 1.8 respectively, as high as this
      level. In all the studied sections of the brain cortex and in the cerebellum the
      content of GABA changes most intensively (2.7 muM per 100 g of fresh tissue a
      day) during the first three weeks of postnatal development. Some of the
      investigated sections of the brain cortex and cerebellum differ in GABA content
      mainly at the early stages of the postnatal ontogenesis (till the 21st day after
      birth).

PMID- 1202698
TI  - [Influence of nicotinic acid on the methylation of phospholipids in various
      tissues of rats].
AB  - The content and methylation of total phospholipids in the brain, liver and
      muscles and some of their fractions obtained by the method of thin-layer
      chromatography on silicic acid were studied as affected by nicotinic acid. It is
      established that nicotinic acid in a dose of 20 mg/kg 4 hrs after subcutaneous
      injection evokes an increase in the content of phosphatidyl ethanol amine in the
      liver and sphyngomyelin in the muscles. The intensity of methylation of choline
      containing phospholipids under the effect of nicotinic acid lowers in all the
      tissues under study.

PMID- 1202699
TI  - [Specific substances of the thymus reacting with thymus-dependant antigens].
AB  - A fraction was isolated from the sulphate extract of rats and calfs thymus. This
      fraction reacts with sheep erythrocytes and rabbits IgG in the agglutination
      test. An identical fraction from the rats spleen and liver is not active in the
      same concentration. Active substance was purified by affinity chromatography on
      IgG cellulose column. The absorption spectrum of the purified substance in 220
      300 nm region was studied at pH 7. This substance has not the absorption maxima
      in 280 nm. The sedimentation constant of the crude preparation is approximately
      1.7 s. It supposed, that this substance is a specifical receptor of thymic cells.

PMID- 1202700
TI  - [Study of the amino acid composition of albumin fractions obtained from human
      serum albumin].
AB  - Six fractions were isolated from the commercial lyophised albumin preparation by
      the method of deposition in the medium of 3M KCl. The fractions were purified by
      means of preparative disc electrophoresis from globulins and polymers, and their
      amino acid composition was studied on the analyser KLA-3B. The significant
      differences (p=0.001) are found by lysine, ammonia, histidine, arginine,
      threonine, glutaminic acid, and phenyl alanine. The greatest differences are
      found by lysine, ammonia, glutaminic acid and phenylalanine. The fraction was
      also found being 9% of the initial albumin and sharply differing from the rest of
      the fractions in amino acid composition but identical immunologically. It is
      supposed that albumin heterogeneity is connected both with the presence of
      molecular forms differing in the primary structure and with different degree of
      amidation of glutaminic and aspartyl residues.

PMID- 1202701
TI  - [Modification of fibrin assembly as a method for studying the mechanism of this
      process].
AB  - A study of monomeric fibrin assembly--the process at which the ordered fibres are
      formed and at the definite moment there arises an elastic three-dimension net
      (coagulation occurs) made it possible to establish the following. Fibrinogen and
      high-molecular fragment D formed in fibrinogen enzymatic hydrolysis inhibit the
      assembly and prevent from creating the regular morphological structure of the
      fibres. This effect is determined by the presence in fibrinogen and fragment D.
      of a part of those specific binding centres by means of which the fibrin
      molecules recognize each other and realize the assemply. The early but not late
      stages of the assembly are sensitive to fibrinogen and fragment D. This fact
      evidences for difference in the mechanisms acting at these stages of the process.
      A moderate increase in the ionic strength prolongs sharply the clotting time of
      fibrin monomer, that is connected with both retardation in the assembly and
      prolongation of the pathway in the transformation itself. Transition from the
      high ionic strength to the low one produces the opposite effect--acceleration in
      the assembly and shortening of the pathway. For the subsequently appearing
      intermediate products of the assembly there exists a threshold at which a slow
      stage of growth and ordering is replaced by the fast terminal reaction of fibre
      formation. The threshold height is not constant, it depends on the conditions
      under which the assembly proceeds. The hypothetic explanations of the obtained
      results are advanced.

PMID- 1202702
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism regulation in early embryogenesis].
AB  - The data obtained by the collaborators of the department concerning regulation of
      the activities of some enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate shunt and
      gluconeogenesis in the unfertilized eggs and embryos of the loach are under
      discussion. It was determined that the incubation of eggs and embryos in glucose,
      lactate or fumarate solutions and in the media with added insulin causes
      significant changes in the activities of several enzymes, the character of these
      changes corresponding mainly to those in differentiated tissues. Nevertheless
      there were observed definite peculiarities in the reaction of the enzyme
      activities to the intake of utilized substances by the embryo's cells as well.

PMID- 1202703
TI  - [Effect of combined application of carboxylin and sodium citrate on the
      restoration of blood proteins under conditions of experimental anemia].
AB  - Under the effect of combined application of "carboxylin"--the preparation
      stimulating the processes of CO2 fixation in the tissues and sodium citrate--one
      of the most important intermediates of the cycle of citric acid, the processes of
      the erythrocytic and protein composition restoration in the peripheral blood were
      studied under conditions of posthemorrhagic anemia in rats. It is established
      that under the effect of combined application of "carboxylin" with sodium citrate
      there is observed rapid normalization of peripheral blood indexes--erythrocytes,
      hemoglobin, hematocrit number, total proteins, albumin and globulins of blood
      serum. All mentioned evidences for a stimulating effect of the given preparations
      on the biosynthetic processes in the organism and for possibility of blood
      regeneration acceleration under conditions of posthemorrhagic anemia.

PMID- 1202704
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of hydrophobic nature of certain proteins by their
      interaction with 2-p-toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulfonates].
AB  - The hydrophobic nature of proteins is characterized by a degree of 2-p
      toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulphonate (TNS) affinity to them and is pronounced
      quantitatively in the semi-saturated (C1/2) concentrations. This index correlates
      directly with the position of TNS emission maximum after the binding with
      proteins and reversely with the yield of fluorescence. The preparations of
      phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, xantinoxidase, glyceratekinase,
      lysozyme, RNase during the long (1-2 h) contact with TNS change the values C1/2,
      that evidences for interaction with the hydrophobic indicator of new structures
      of protein molecule or for a change in the nature of its linkage itself. An
      attempt is made to characterize the accessible for TNS hydrophobic nature of
      individual proteins by a coefficient of molar hydrophobic nature which unites
      three mentioned characteristics. Serum albumin, insulin, glucogon, alpha
      chemotrypsin, DNase are most hydrophobic, pyruvate kinase, aldolase, urease,
      RNase--least hydrophobic, Glycerate kinase, pyruvate decarboxylase,
      phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase,
      xanthinoxidase, trypsin, lysozyme are in intermediate position.

PMID- 1202706
TI  - [Lysosome enzymes of brain in hyperoxia and under the effect of urea].
AB  - For studying the mechanism of hyperoxia toxic effect on metabolism in the rat
      brain localization of lysosomes enzymes - acid phosphatase, DNase II and acid
      peptid-hydrolases were investigated in the brain subcellular fractions under
      different phases of oxygen poisoning and in the in vitro experiments. Under
      hyperoxia redistribution of the lysosome enzymes is found between the fraction
      enriched with lysosomes and the soluble one. The character of redistribution
      evidences for disturbance of permeability in the brain lysosome membranes under
      hyperoxia. Urea possessing a protective effect under these conditions prevents
      from labilization of lysosome enzymes which is evoked by the effect of oxygen
      hyperoxia. When studying manifestation of the effect of lysosome hydrolases
      release on the substrate level there were found constancy of DNA content in the
      brain under hyperoxia and a decrease in polymeric property of the brain DNA an
      hour after the beginning of the terminal phase of oxygen poisoning.

PMID- 1202705
TI  - [A comparative study of activity of nucleic acid metabolism in human embryonic
      liver].
AB  - In nuclei of hepatocytes of human embryos from the 18th to 40th week of antenatal
      development the activity of synthesis enzymes lowers: thymidine kinase is 7 times
      at low, uridine kinase - 11 times as low. In parallel during the same period a
      decrease in the activity of nucleases drops: DNase - by 15 times, RNase - by 11
      times. The activity of these enzymes in the liver of adult persons (22-35 years
      old) is similar to their activity in the liver of human embryo to the moment of
      birth.

PMID- 1202707
TI  - [The distribution of cholinesterase charged phosphorganic inhibitors and their
      uncharged analogues in tissues].
AB  - The article deals with the hydrophobic character (distribution coefficient in the
      systems hexane - water and chloroform - water) and certain peculiarities of
      distributing three cation-containing phosphoroganic inhibitors of cholinesterase
      and their uncharged analogues in the organisms. The distribution coefficients in
      the charged and uncharged compounds in the system hexane - water differ
      inconsiderably, whereas in the system chloroform-water by the thousands and
      millions times. In rabbits with intravenous administration the content of all
      inhibitors in blood decreases rapidly, the uncharged compounds accumulate
      selectively in the lungs and the charged ones are distributed evenly in the
      tissues.

PMID- 1202708
TI  - [Effect of nicotinic acid and prozerin on choline metabolism].
AB  - The content and specific activity of labelled methyl groups of choline and
      phosphorylcholine in the brain, liver and skeletal muscles of rats was studied as
      affected by nicotinic acid and prozerin, injected subcutaneously 4h before
      decapitation. It was found that under the effect of prozerin the specific
      activity of choline lowers only in the muscles and nicotinic acid evokes its
      decrease in the liver and muscles. The specific activity of phosphorylcholine
      lowers in the brain and liver with introduction of prozerin and nicotinic acid.
      The intensity of phosphorylcholine phosphate renewal increases in the liver and
      skeletal muscles after introduction of both prozerin and nicotinic acid. The
      activity of choline dehydrogenase in the liver homogenates lowers only with
      injection of nicotinic acid.

PMID- 1202709
TI  - [Effects of different regimes of freezing and thawing on chemiluminescence of rat
      liver mitochondria].
AB  - The rate of Fe2+ activated lipid peroxidation was studied as affected by the
      different freezing-thawing regime. The level of peroxidation was judged by
      kinetics and superfeeble luminiscence intensity of mitochondria. It was shown
      that freezing up to -196 degrees C and subsequent thawing of the mitochondria
      suspended in a salty medium (KCl) results in an increase in the rate of lipid
      peroxidation. A more distinct response to the introduction of peroxidation
      activator (Fe2SO4) is observed in mitochondria, especially in the first 1-2
      minutes after ion introduction - in the phase of "slow flash". Besides, there is
      an increase in the level of stationary luminescence (2-10, 12-22 min) of the
      frozen-thawed mitochondria in comparison with the control. Slow thawing of
      quickly or slowly frozen mitochondria results in a more considerable increase in
      the luminescence light sum, than in the case of rapid thawing. The least
      luminescence intensity after freezing and thawing of mitochondria suspension was
      observed after the rapid freezing and rapid thawing. In case of slow thawing the
      rate of mitochondria freezing does not considerably affect the degree of
      chemiluminescence.

PMID- 1202710
TI  - [Sterol composition of sarcolemma in normal rabbits and in experimental muscular
      dystrophy].
AB  - In the rabbit sarcolemma both in norm and under experimental muscular dystrophy
      besides cholesterol there are found squalene and lanosterol - predecessors of its
      synthesis as well as a series of other sterols which are not yet identified. The
      cholesterol fraction of sarcolemma of the rabbits in norm and under muscular
      dystrophy contain so-called rapid sterols. Under experimental muscular dystrophy
      in the rabbit sarcolemma side by side with an increase in the content of
      cholesterol content the concentration of rapid sterols increases. It is also
      found that under mentioned pathology desmosterol arises in the rabbit sarcolemma.

PMID- 1202711
TI  - [Hyperlipemia in birds induced by estrogens].
AB  - Long-term administration of diethyl stilboestrol propionate to 1-1.5 and 7-8
      months old clocks induced hyperlipemia and hyperbetalipoproteidemia, a decrease
      in the lipolytic activity and lipoproteidlipase activity in blood. In the liver a
      decrease in the lipolytic activity was observed against the background of lipids
      accumulation. It is found that these changes do not depend on the avian age.

PMID- 1202712
TI  - [Metabolism of uridine triphosphate in rat liver].
AB  - Thiamin - a predecessor of transketolase coenzyme is shown to cause an increase
      in the intensity of labelled 14C orotic acid incorporation into UDP and UTP of
      the rat liver though the time of UTP exchange remains unchanged. Taking into
      account the data obtained, an assumption is advanced that the biosynthesis of
      pentoses in the pentosophosphate way of carbohydrates transformation in the rat
      liver proceeds in its non-oxidative branch with transketolase and transaldolase
      participating in the process.

PMID- 1202713
TI  - [Quantitative determination of N-terminal amino acids in fibrin by the Edman
      degradation method using thin-layer chromatography].
AB  - Separation and identification of phenylthiohydantoin derivatives (PTH) of 19
      amino acids usually found in proteins was performed by thin-layer chromatography
      of "silufol" plates. Conditions of PTH quantitation were found at which a 90%
      extraction of PTH from silicagel was attained. A N-terminal analytical procedure
      for fibrin is elaborated, by which a high yield of N-terminal amino acids is
      obtained.

PMID- 1202714
TI  - Statistical processing of data from a small number of experiments.

PMID- 1202715
TI  - Methylene blue in renal calculi. Results of five-year study.
AB  - Methylene blue in a dose of 65 mg. three times a day has been reported to be
      useful in the management of chronic renal calculous disease. Sixty-eight patients
      with renal calculi, in whom there was no biochemical abnormality, were started on
      this drug five or more years ago. Forty-six per cent of formers of calcium
      oxalate stone have passed no further stones, and 20 per cent have been improved.
      Initial studies had reported success in the management of infected stones.
      However, only 27 per cent obtained any benefit in this study. Methylene blue is
      useful in the management of patients who form multiple small calculi that contain
      calcium oxalate dihydrate and may be useful in the prevention of new stone
      formation.

PMID- 1202716
TI  - Chemolysis of residual stone fragments after extensive surgery for staghorn
      calculi.
AB  - Chemical dissolution of residual stone fragments was attempted in twelve
      instances via nephrostomy tube irrigation. Appropriate solutions containing
      either hemiacidrin or sodium bicarbonate were used for struvite and uric acid
      stones, respectively. Precautions were taken to prevent and recognize outflow
      obstruction and urinary infection. Seventy-five per cent of the stones so treated
      were completely dissolved, and there were no major complications. The incidence
      of retained stones, natural history, and indications for chemical dissolution are
      reviewed.

PMID- 1202717
TI  - Urologic complications of appendicitis.
AB  - Three patients with appendicitis were seen with bladder tumor, hematuria, and
      pelvic mass with ureteral obstruction, respectively. These cases represent a
      spectrum of difficult diagnostic problems and illustrate that appendiceal abscess
      involving the urinary tract may present as urologic disease. Thus, it is
      important to consider appendicitis in the differential diagnosis.

PMID- 1202718
TI  - Effect of hormone therapy on immune response in patients with prostatic cancer.
AB  - Thirty-one patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate had laboratory studies
      done for total proteins, serum immunoglobulins, white blood cell counts,
      lymphocyte blastogenesis, skin tests, acid phosphatase, and CEA (carcinoembryonic
      antigen). The 16 patients receiving no hormones had depressed total proteins,
      lymphocyte and monocyte counts, skin tests, and CEA compared with the 15 patients
      receiving hromones who had depressed serum immunoglobulins, white blood cell
      counts, lymphocyte blastogenesis, and acid phosphatase.

PMID- 1202720
TI  - Topical testosterone therapy for penile growth.
AB  - Three prepubertal males were treated with daily applications to the penis of 5
      per cen topical testosterone cream. Penile growth occurred in all 3 patients.
      Serum testosterone values rose dramatically in 2 of the patients. Topical
      testosterone probably causes penile growth via its systemic action, not merely
      through its local effect.

PMID- 1202719
TI  - Bacteria in enucleated prostate.
AB  - The controversial nature of prostatitis is compounded by questions concerning the
      incidence and significance of bacteria within the prostate. Criticism of
      bacteriologic studies of expressed prostatic secretion, ejaculate, needle biopsy,
      and transurethral chips led us to culture the core of enucleated prostates. Of 65
      prostates, 26 (40 per cent) were positive: 15 pathogens (23 per cent) and 11
      nonpathogens (17 per cent). This was correlated with preoperative urinary
      infections, anterior urethral infection, and postoperative infectious
      complications. Prostatic pathogens were usually found when the urine and anterior
      urethra were infected.

PMID- 1202721
TI  - Urologic complication associated with Swan-Ganz catheter.

PMID- 1202722
TI  - Surgical treatment of utricular cyst in male child.
AB  - A simple technique for management of utricular cyst is presented. Essentially the
      technique consists of putting a Fogarty balloon catheter in the cyst through a
      perineal urethrostomy  and inflating the balloon to fill the cyst completely.
      Using a miniature resectoscope, the septum between the cyst wall and prostatic
      urethra is resected widely until the Fogarty Balloon is completely visualized  in
      the prostatic urethra.

PMID- 1202723
TI  - Anterior urethral valves.
AB  - Two cases of anterior urethral valves are reported, one occuring in a child with
      renal osteodystrophy and the second being the first recorded case of anterior
      urethral valves in an adult. These 2 cases represent the thirteenth and
      fourteenth cases of anterior urethral valves reported in the literature.

PMID- 1202724
TI  - Bilateral complete renal duplication with total obstruction of both lower pole
      collecting systems.
AB  - Sepsis and a flank mass developed in a twenty-two-year-old primagravida two days
      after a normal delivery. Urography showed normal upper pole collecting structures
      bilaterally. A spherical mass containing curvilinear calcification occupied the
      left lower pole, and a large inflammatory mass filled the right inferior renal
      fossa. Angiography and retrograde pyelography demonstrated marked bilateral lower
      pole hydronephrosis with complete obstruction of the water to each inferior
      duplicated collecting system.

PMID- 1202725
TI  - Use of levarterenol bitartrate in massive hemorrhage after retropubic
      prostatectomy.
AB  - A case of massive hemorrhage following retropubic prostatectomy is presented.
      There was a dramatic decrease in bleeding with the use of levarterenol bitartrate
      in the irrigation solution. The implications of this finding are discussed.

PMID- 1202726
TI  - Reanastomosis of completely transected penis in canine. Review of current
      concepts.
AB  - The multiple problems associated with the amputated penis are challenging and
      often difficult. Our experience with reanastomosis of a completely transected
      canine penis and a brief review of current concepts of the literature are
      described.

PMID- 1202728
TI  - Urinary cytology. The microscopic cystoscope.

PMID- 1202727
TI  - Suppression of bacterial growth and ammonia formation by citrate buffer in urine
      collected in ileal loop receptacles.
AB  - Bacterial growth in urine collected in ileal loop receptacles is greatly
      suppressed by the presence of 5 to 10 ml. 1-M. citrate buffer, pH 4. The
      suppression of bacterial growth by the citrate buffer prevents the formation of
      ammonia and perhaps other noxious metabolites whic are believed responsible for
      the irritation and inflammation of the skin exposed to infected urine. The
      citrate buffer is placed in the ileal loop receptacle at the beginning of each
      urine collection period.

PMID- 1202729
TI  - Management of extensive leukoplakia of bladder.
AB  - A case of extensive leukoplakia of the bladder is presented. The occurrence is
      unusual and the management controversial. Cystectomy should be considered in men
      with extensive vesical leukoplakia.

PMID- 1202730
TI  - Case profile: vesicoenteric fistula due to rupture of bladder carcinoma into
      bowel.

PMID- 1202731
TI  - Angiographic features of benign renal adenoma.
AB  - Five cases of beign renal adenoma were studied angiographically. The findings are
      presented along with a review of the literature. There were 4 males and 1 female
      ranging in age from forty-two to sixty-three years. Each presented with a mass on
      excretory urography, and 1 contained calcification. The largest two lesions
      showed circumferentially distributed vascular supply. Two lesions showed a faint
      homogenous blush on the nephrogram phase of the angiogram, and the firth lesion,
      which arose in the wall of a cyst, was angiographically silent.

PMID- 1202732
TI  - Renal angiomyolipoma: two varieties.
AB  - Two cases of symptomatic renal angiomyolipoma are presented, and their
      distinctive clinical, radiologic, and histologic features are discussed. In the
      first case the scout film demonstrated radiolucency of the tumor which helped to
      distinguish it from carcinoma. In the second case, which was associated with
      tuberous sclerosis, the renal lesion was large and unifocal, and the local lymph
      nodal involvement with tumor raised the possibility of malignant transformation.

PMID- 1202733
TI  - Transitional cell carcinoma and renal cell adenocarcinoma in single kidney.
AB  - A case is presented of synchronous occurrence of renal adenocarcinoma and
      transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in the same kidney. Review of the
      English literature revealed this to be a unique coincidence.

PMID- 1202734
TI  - Synchronous cystosphincterometry in patients with spinal cord injury. Studies
      with continuous bladder and urethral infusions and physical factors influencing
      interpretation.
AB  - A technique of synchronous study for monitoring the bladder activity and
      simultaneous urethral sphincteric responses is described. This study was made
      possible by using a 12 F trilumen catheter with which intravesical infusion and
      independent bladder pressure recording were conducted. Constant urethral infusion
      with intrasphincteric pressure recording was arranged through the third lumen of
      the trilumen catheter. This radiologic aided study was used for functional
      evaluation of the bladder and its outlet. The bulit-in artefacts of the technique
      were assessed. The physical factors, such as urethral infusion flow rate and the
      compliance of infusion catheter hydraulic system governing interpretation of the
      study during nonvoiding states, are described. With an experience of 100 studies
      on 75 patients with spinal cord injury and 5 normal subjects, this method has
      been found to be a useful clinical urodynamic technique well suited even to a
      nonambulatory patients with spinal cord injury.

PMID- 1202736
TI  - Encouraging preservation of sexual function postprostatectomy.
AB  - Sexual function after prostatectomy, particularly perirenal, has been reviewed in
      128 patients treated in private practice for the past twenty years by one
      urologist with an avowed bias to encouraging postoperative sexual function.
      Surgical procedures for benign and neoplastic lesions of the prostate usually do
      not impair sexual potency when a patient is interested in coitus, has an
      available partner, and is encouraged by his physician. Review of the literature
      justifies encouraging preservation of sexual function postprostatectomy.

PMID- 1202735
TI  - Letter: Cervical lymphadenopathy and acute urinary tract infection.

PMID- 1202737
TI  - Meat temperature and EEC regulations.

PMID- 1202738
TI  - In-vivo diagnosis of right renal aplasia in a pekingese bitch.
AB  - The physical, haematological, urinary and radiographic findings in a female
      pekingese dog with right renal aplasia are described. The right ureter was
      present and structurally normal. The left kidney was hypertrophied. The ovaries
      and uterus were normal.

PMID- 1202739
TI  - A simple technique for bleeding the lobster.

PMID- 1202740
TI  - A filarial parasite in greyhounds in Southern Ireland.

PMID- 1202741
TI  - Letter: Dieldrin and sheep scab.

PMID- 1202742
TI  - Letter: Bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis.

PMID- 1202743
TI  - An investigation into dystocia in a south country Cheviot flock.
AB  - An abnormally high incidence of dystocia was encountered in the south country
      Cheviot flock at the Hill Farming Research Organisation's research station at
      Sourhope, Yetholm, Roxburghshire over the past four years, 1970 to 1973. Lambing
      records were only available for 1972 and 1973 for Sourhope ewes and gimmers of
      all breeds and showed the following: (see article) This meant that in terms of
      attention and vigilance, a high shepherding input was necessary with the South
      Country Cheviot flock. Intensive observation and measurements of some relevant
      parameters were therefore made in the gimmer age group of this flock, numbering
      126, during the lambing season of 1974; 39-7 per cent required assitance. This
      paper describes the behavioural pattern in lambing and demonstrates differences
      between those animals which were assisted and those which were not. The features
      of the dystocias and their possible cause are discussed.

PMID- 1202744
TI  - Liver fluke in Great Britain: a survey of affected livers.
AB  - Over a period of 15 months data were collected from abattoirs in Great Britain on
      213,082 cattle and 362,838 sheep livers to determine the distribution and
      prevalence of damage by Fasciola hepatica. The stock came from 8239 farms, and
      from livestock markets in 81 counties. 53 per cent of the farms had sent affected
      stock, with significant percentages in eastern as well as the western counties of
      England and Scotland. 21 per cent of all cattle and 7 per cent of all sheep
      livers examined were affected. In both species, the percentage of adult stock
      affected was more than double that of young stock. The condemnation rate in
      cattle was relatively constant throughout the year. The effects of infestation
      are more widely distributed than has been generally recognised. Greater emphasis
      should be placed on the control of chronic fascioliasis in cattle.

PMID- 1202745
TI  - A case of an invasive melanoma in a new-born lamb.

PMID- 1202746
TI  - Preliminary studies of the actions of alphaxalone and alphadolone in the pig.

PMID- 1202747
TI  - Efficacy of levamisole hydrochloride adminstered subcutaneously against
      Metastrogylus apri  infections in pigs.

PMID- 1202748
TI  - Letter: Megestrol acetate in veterinary medicine.

PMID- 1202749
TI  - Letter: A filarial parasite of greyhounds.

PMID- 1202750
TI  - Letter: Collapse syndrome in suckled calves.

PMID- 1202751
TI  - [Methodology of surgical intervention for meningiomas of the medial portions of
      the wings of the sphenoid bone].
AB  - A procedure employed in removing meningiomas of the ala parva and of meningiomas
      affecting simultaneously ala parva and ala magna is described. Materials derived
      from operative interventions in 78 patients are studied. The application of the
      microsurgical technique in separating meningiomas from basilar arteries made it
      possible to improve the effectiveness of operative interventions. The overall
      post operative lethality comprised 24.3 per cent.

PMID- 1202752
TI  - [Autoimmune shifts in the dynamics of experimental spinal cord injury].
AB  - Results of a study on the content of circulating autoantibodies and on the
      activity of sensitized leucocytes in 60 albino rats with an experimentally
      severed half of the spinal cord are reported. An investigation carried our in
      dynamics of the process (up to 60 days) after injury demonstrated the development
      of autosensitization during the first 2 weeks and a substantial progressive
      intensification of it in the course of the following 1 1/2 months. A parallelism
      between the appearance of specific autoantibodies and the alteration of
      leucocytes in response to homoantigen from the tissues of the spinal cord, brain,
      peripheral nerves and muscles as noted. The pathogenetic significance of specific
      autosensitization in experimental injuries of the spinal cord should be subject
      to further studies.

PMID- 1202753
TI  - [Several problems in the rehabilitation of patients with injuries to the
      lumbosacral portion of the spine and spinal cord].
AB  - Observation over clinical features distinguishing the course of traumas involving
      the sacro-lumbar vertebral column and spinal cord in 251 patients permitted it to
      recognize a number of points determining the orientation of a complex restorative
      treatment. Thanks to the use of a set of medico-rehabilitating measures it was
      possible to achieve positive results in the treatment of 222 (89 per cent) of the
      patients and 178 (75 per cent) of them could move without any outside help.

PMID- 1202754
TI  - [Total removal of an arteriovenous aneurysm of the cervical region of the spinal
      cord].

PMID- 1202755
TI  - [A solitary gumma of the 3d cerebral ventricle].

PMID- 1202756
TI  - [A case of chronic epidural hematoma of the posterior cranial fossa].

PMID- 1202757
TI  - [Sarcomatus arachnoidendothelioma of the brain with liver and lung metastasis].

PMID- 1202758
TI  - Hyperoncotic albumin infusion in experimental glomerulonephritis in rats: A
      micropuncture study.
AB  - The effect of infusion of hyperonciotic (25 g% salt-poor bovine plasma albumin)
      (0.06 g% of body weight) has been studied using clearance and micropuncture
      techniques in animals with two forms of immunologically induced experimental
      glomerulonephritis and in age-matched control rats. In control rats the
      significant natriuresis and diuresis after hyperoncotic albumin were associated
      with decreased fractional and absolute proximal reabsorption, decreased
      calculated efferent oncotic pressure, and a transitory rise in efferent
      arteriolar hydrostatic pressure. These findings, however, do not necessarily
      indicate a predominant role for peritubular "physical factors" in the control of
      proximal reabsorption. In glomerulonephritic rats a smaller diuresis and an
      insignificant natriuresis were found after hyperoncotic albumin, especially in
      anti-GBM nephritis, when no change in SNGFR or proximal absolute reabsorption
      occurred. In AICN there was a rise in SNGFR and a fall in absolute reabsorptive
      rate, especially in those nephrons with high filtration rates. There was no
      evidence that any alteration in efferent arteriolar hydrostatic pressure of
      calculated efferent oncotic pressure had occurred.

PMID- 1202759
TI  - On the biology of sodium excretion: The search for a natriuretic hormone.

PMID- 1202760
TI  - Effect of lithium on water and electrolyte metabolism.
AB  - Studies were performed in the rat to determine the effect of lithium on
      electrolyte transport in distal portions of the nephron since steep
      corticomedullary gradient for lithium has been demonstrated and ionic competition
      and/or substitution of lithium for sodium and potassium may play a role in
      inhibition of vasopressin-induced water transport. During the intravenous
      infusion of LiC1, in the absence of volume expansion and at plasma levels of 2-5
      mequiv/liter of Li, maximum urine con-entration was inhibitied. Under the same
      conditions lithium administration impaired potassium secretion and urinary
      acidification and resulted in a natriuresis. These results indicate that lithium
      affects electrolyte transport in the same nephron segments in which the action of
      vasopressin is inhibitied. In addition, evidence is provided that suggests that
      during the chronic administration of LiC1, the sustained increase in oral intake
      of water and urinary flow rate results from an increase in thirst as well as
      reduced renal concentrating ability.

PMID- 1202761
TI  - Some reflections on the mechanism of renal tubular potassium transport.
AB  - Analysis of the driving forces acting on the movement of potassium across
      individual membranes of tubule cells shows that both active and passive
      components play an important role in the regulation of potassium transport.
      Distal and cortical collecting tubule and papillary collecting duct elements are
      the key nephron sites participating in a complex fashion to translate a wide
      variety of metabolic challenges into the appropriate excretory response. The
      latter involves both secretory and reabsorptive activity. The analysis of the
      factors modulating tubular potassium transfer has shown that the potassium
      concentration in the cells of the distal nephron is a dey factactors involved in
      setting the cellular potassium concentration are active potassium uptake at the
      peritubular and luminal membrane of the cells as well as electrogenic solium
      extrusion across the peritubular boundary of the cells. Additional factors
      regulating potassium transport involve the electrical potential difference,
      sensitive to changes in the sodium concentration in the lumen, the flow rate past
      the late distal tubular site of potassium secretion, and the activity of a
      reabsorptive potassium pump in the luminal membranes of the cells. In the
      cortical collecting tubule, active potassium secretion is also present at the
      luminal membrane of the cell, but the role of such an additional secretory
      mechanism in the late distal tubule is presently unknown. Most of these
      individual transport mechanisms exist along the whole distal nephron, but their
      relative prominence varies among the late distal tubule, the cortical collecting
      tubule, and the papilary collecting duct.

PMID- 1202762
TI  - Evidence against bicarbonate reabsorption in the ascending limb, particularly as
      disclosed by free-water clearance studies.
AB  - Bicarbonate reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop was examined
      by studies of free-water clearance (CH2O) and free-water reabsorption (TcH2O).
      During maximal water diuresis in the dog, CH2O/GFR was taken as an indes of
      sodium reabsorption in, and urine flow (V/GFR) as an index of delivery of
      filtrate to, this scarbonate, infusion of a nonreabsorbable solute (hypotonic
      mannitol) and administration of an inhibitor of bicarbonate reabsorption
      (acetaent, but less than that achieved with hypotonic saline infusion. This
      suggests that sodium that sodium bicarbonate is not reabsorbed in the ascending
      limb. Rather, it is the sodium chloride, swept out of the proximal tubule by
      osmotic diuresis due to nonreabsorbed mannitol or sodium bicarbonate, that is
      reabsorbed in the ascending limb thereby increasing CH2O, whereas the
      nonreabsorption of mannitol and sodium bicarbonate results in a depressed CH20
      per unit V when compared with hypotonic saline. V/GFR is not a satisfactory index
      of delivery to the ascending limb during osmotic diuresis, since it includes
      water obligated by nonreabsorbable solutes. When a better index of delivery, the
      sum of the clearances of chloride (CC1) and free-water (CH2O) is used, hypotonic
      bicarbonate infusion, hypotonic mannitol infusion and acetazolamide
      administration increase CH2O/GFR per unit delivery to the same extent as odes
      hypotonic saline infusion. Studies in dogs and rats on TcH2O also indicate that
      sodium bicarbonate is an impermeant solute in the ascending limb. Osmotic
      diuresis due to sodium bicarbonate diuresis, produced either by inhibition of
      sodium bicarbonate reabsorption (acetazolamide, L-lysine mono-hydrochloride) or
      infusion of sodium bicarbonate, or mannitol diuresis both produced marked
      chloruresis and increased TcH2O to the same extent as did hypertonic saline
      infusion. If chloride excretion was almost eliminated by hemodialysis against a
      chloride-free dialysate (dogs) or prolonged feeding of a salt-free diet (rats),
      TcH2O formation was unimpaired if hypertonic saline was infused but virtually
      obliterated during mannitol or sodium bicarbonate diuresis. Sodium reabsorption
      in the ascending limb, therefore, appears to be dependent upon chloride as the
      accompanying anion. At any given rate of bicarbonate excretion, more cloride is
      delivered out of the proximal tubule (as estimated from CC1 + CH2O) with
      hypotonic sodium bicarbonate infusion than with acetazolamide administration.
      This suggests that magnitude of the chlorutesis accompanying bicarbonate diuresis
      depends, not only on osmotic diuresis due to nonreabsorbed sodium bicarbonate,
      but also on the extent to which concomitant changes in effective extracellular
      volume influence overall sodium chloride reabsorption.

PMID- 1202763
TI  - [Possibilities of a routine prevention of arrhythmia in the early phase of acute
      myocardial infarct].
AB  - The frequency of the electric heart death in the early phase of the acute
      myocardial infarction demands a prophylactic use of antiarrhythmic remedies. In a
      guarded ward for coronary diseases since 1972 all patients with a fresh
      myocardial infarction or suspicion of infarction were treated with a continuous
      intravenous lidocain drip in a dosage of 100 mg/per hour for 48 hours. In 266
      patients in a certain examination period ventricular fibrillation was observed
      only once and ventricular tachycardias twice. In accordance with literary data
      the prophylatic medication of lidocain gives an effective defence against
      threatening disturbances of the ventricular rhythm. The indications for a
      passagere electrostimulation in bradycardiac disturbances of rhythm associated
      with acute myocardial infarction are demonstrated.

PMID- 1202764
TI  - [Spontaneous pneumothorax as an urgent internal problem].
AB  - 92 cases of pneumothorax of the clinic for lung diseases Lostau and 35 cases from
      9 county hospitals of the district Magdeburg were analysed. In the two groups a
      vast correspondence of the following data was found: average age of the patients
      (40.0 or 46.2 years), duration of stay in the ward (25.3/23.5 days), as urgent
      cases 11 or 8 patients, respectively, were hospitalised. Only in 5% of all cases
      a treatment on the conditions of an intensive therapy unit was necessary. Apart
      from the clinical and radiological basal diagnostics a measurement of the
      interpleural pressure by means of the pneumothorax apparatus is demanded. These
      values form the basis for a differentiated therapy of the pneumothorax:
      conservative attitude with sedation of cough of the patient in minimal
      pneumothoraces; withdrawal by means of the pneumothorax apparatus in more severe
      lung collapse, appearances of tension, lacking tendency to re-expansion of the
      lung after 3 days' conservative-medicamentous therapy; rubber-tube drainage when
      the withdrawal by means of the pneumothorax apparatus was ineffective for three
      times; surgical therapy when a 7 to 10 days' rubber-tube drainage was without
      success.

PMID- 1202765
TI  - [Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarct in corrected orthogonal
      electrocardiogram].
AB  - In 450 patients of a guarded ward for coronary diseases apart from the 15
      conventional ECG-leads three corrected orthogonal leads after Frank were
      registered. In 141 cases an infarction could be confirmed. Using an observation
      of the course a recognition of the infarctions was always possible in the
      conventional as well as the corrected orthogonal ECG. In not penetrating
      infarctions a very careful analysis of the electrocardiograms and of the controls
      of the course is necessary, since the changes of the final ventricular deflection
      in the corrected orthogonal deviation system are less expressed than in the
      conventional leads. Thus, the corrected orthogonal electrocardiogram seems to be
      suitable for screening investigations concerning the recognition of a myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1202766
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the miniature-electrocardioscope MC-3 in cardiological
      emergencies].
AB  - Using the thoraxic putting up electrodes the cardioscope MC-3 (Medicor Budapest)
      principally satisfies the demands made on an emergency cardioscope. Usually
      derived with electrode cable, the derivation programme comprises 12
      possibilities. The apparatus is distinguished by an easy service, slight
      susceptibility to disturbances and great security. It can be used in
      cardiological emergency situations in in-patient and out-patient departments and
      for supervision of infarction rehabilitands.

PMID- 1202767
TI  - [Premonitory sign of myocardial rupture].
AB  - It is reported on 14 cases in which a rupture of the myocardium occurred
      following a myocardial infarction. The moment of the appearance as well as
      anamnestic and clinical peculiarities are examined. As the only usable symptom of
      the rupture the symptomatology of the electromechanic dissociation must be taken
      into consideration. Finally it is referred to the on principle possible operative
      consequences of the rupture of the myocardium (oversewing or infarctetomy).

PMID- 1202768
TI  - [Scientifically proved emergency examinations in clinical laboratory].
AB  - The most clinical laboratories may guarantee the laboratory diagnostic service
      out of regular laboratory hours only in a limited extent. In order to guarantee
      the short-term performance of emergency examinations with a security of the
      results which is to be compared with the daily routine, therefore, a selection of
      parameters must be carried out, which satisfies the demand of the clarification
      of suddenly occurred life-threatening conditions and possibly also of their
      control of therapy. It is presented a maximum program of parameters, which must
      be on principle, at the disposal of the suitable medical care of men in acute
      emergency situations within a territorial organisation.

PMID- 1202769
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in subarachnoid hemorrhage from point of view
      of the emergency medicine].

PMID- 1202770
TI  - [Peptic ulcer - etiology and pathogenesis].
AB  - On account of its frequency, its severe sequelae for individual and society and
      an account of the hitherto insufficient possibilities for prevention and cure the
      peptic ulcer of the stomach and the duodenum is a severe problem in health
      policy. To the conditions of development known from epidemiology belong genetic
      as well as environmental factors. For the participation of genetic
      predispositions plead among others the familial accumulation and the connection
      with ABO-blood-groups. Environmental factors are evidently more important.
      Conspicuous are geographic differences and temporary trends of the frequency of
      ulcer. Psychosocial factors is attributed an important role among the
      developmental conditions. Ventricular ulcer and duodenal ulcer differ
      epidemiologically and pathophysiologically. In the ventricular ulcer the question
      is apparantly the local expression of a diffuse lesion of the mucous membrane.
      Due to a lesion of the barrier of the mucous membrane the increased rediffusion
      of hydrogen ions is the cause. Reflux of the duodenal juice, drugs and
      disturbances of circulation participate in this. In the duodenal ulcer the mucous
      membrane is healthy, but is not able to resist the increased and prolonged
      exposition to hydrochloric acid and pepsin. Disturbances of the nervous and
      humoral regulation of the production of acid and its inhibition are apparantly
      the cause.

PMID- 1202771
TI  - [Tests of gastric secretion in diagnosis and therapy of peptic ulcer].
AB  - A survey of the modern importance of the secretion test of the stomach for
      diagnostics and differential diagnostics of the gastroduodenal ulcer, for an
      individualising surgery of the stomach and for the testing of the success in
      vagotomy is given. In the epoch of the fibre endoscopy the secretion test can
      scarcely still contribute to the diagnostics of ulcer, but it is now as ever
      important as screening method for the differentiation of the Zollinger-Ellison
      syndrome. The decision on the size of an individual surgical intervention for the
      treatment of the peptic ulcer should also be based on the result of the secretion
      test. The usual control of the success of vagotomy by means of the insulin test
      has its problems.

PMID- 1202773
TI  - [Stomach ulcer and stomach cancer].
AB  - About 5--10% of the gastric carcinomas develop from a gastric ulcer
      (ulcerocancer). This process, however, is, referred to gastric ulcers, too rare
      to indicate a prophylactic resection of the stomach on account of the danger of
      the development of cancer. Careful diagnostics and following control with X-ray
      examination and gastroscopy are, however, necessary in every gastric ulcer. The
      retrogression of the complaints neither proves healing of the ulcer nor benignity
      of the ulcer. Compared with the ulcerocarcinoma the differential diagnosis of the
      gastric ulcer is easy when locally advanced, patelliform carcinomas are in
      question. It is difficult in small carcinomas and especially in the carcinoma of
      the mucous membrane of type III. Individual radiologic and endoscopic signs and
      especially their combination are useful for the differentiation, but they may be
      misleading. A carcinomatous ulcer may radiologically and endoscopically look like
      a peptic ulcer and may apparently also fully heal. Therefore, a certain
      differential diagnosis is only possible with the help of an aimed biopsy of the
      stomach or the cytodiagnostics. The two methods serve further propagation. They
      should be used in every case, when an apparantly benign ulcer does not reveal a
      clear retrogression under effective treatment with carbenoxolone within four
      weeks. The examination of the gastric juice may be used for the differential
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1202772
TI  - [Radiography and endoscopy in the diagnosis of the gastroduodenal ulcer].
AB  - In the clarification of circumscribed processes in stomach and duodenal bulb
      radiodiagnostics and endoscopy supplement themselves in an ideal way. The
      endoscopy seems to have advantages in recognition and explanation of findings on
      the cardial and subcardial parts of the stomach as well as on the operated
      stomach. Deformation of the duodenal bulb and changes of the post-stenotic parts
      can be better judged radiologically. The complete healing of an ulcer is exactly
      recognisable only by means of endoscopy. Linear ulcers are often not to be seen
      in radiodiagnostics. With the help of the aimed biopsy the decision on benignity
      or malignity of the ulcerating process has become easier. Every radiologically
      not certainly explainable findings and every discrepancy between X-ray picture
      and complaints of the patients should bring about an endoscopic examination.

PMID- 1202774
TI  - [Peptic ulcer and the liver].
AB  - The interorganic relations between liver and stomach are explained from the point
      of view of the primary diseases of each organ and the higher mechanism is also
      discussed. The at present well-known and partly hypothetic pathophysiological
      mechanisms are treated within the subject. On own combined histologo-biochemical
      examinations of the liver punctate is generally explained the too little regarded
      role of the peptic ulcer for the induction of so-called latent hepatopathies. In
      this respect in operations of the stomach the vagotomy as the method of choice
      serves the preference compared with resections of the stomach.

PMID- 1202775
TI  - [Diet therapy of ulcer disease].
AB  - After a time of overstated diet prescriptions nowadays the individual nutrition
      of the patient with ulcer with a diet of high quality is striven for. Such a diet
      must guarantee the intake of an adequate quantity of calories, with regard to the
      main nutrient media protein, fats and carbohydrates it must be well composed and
      must meet the requirements of minerals, vitamins and fluid. The diet shall be
      varied, and more frequent smaller meals are to be recommended.

PMID- 1202776
TI  - [Drug therapy of peptic ulcer].
AB  - Though the proper genesis of peptic ulcer is still unknown, one can proceed from
      the fact that the cause of the development of the defect is a disturbance of the
      equilibrium between aggressive and defensive factors on the surface of the
      stomach. It is taken the view that an uncomplicated ulcus duodeni and ulcus
      ventriculi should be treated in the outpatient department. Strong diet
      prescriptions are certainly not necessary, reduction of the consumption of
      nicotine and avoidance of nutrients increasing secretion and individually
      incompatible is, however, necessary. In duodenal ulcer anticholinergic remedies
      and antacids are the basis of the therapy as before; other principles of
      treatment are only of subordinated significance. In ulcus ventriculi a reduction
      of quality and quantity of the gastric mucus play, perhaps, an etiologic role.
      Since, apart from this, a reflux of bile takes place, the derivations of the
      Succus liquiritiae which further the formation of mucus and the Cerucal
      furthering the peristalsis are to be regarded as most essential therapeutic
      remedies. But principle of the therapy of ulcer must always be not only to treat
      the diseased organ, but to try to influence therapeutically on the whole man with
      his conflicts which are sometimes difficult  to be solved and which manifest
      themselves only in the gastro-intestinal tract.

PMID- 1202777
TI  - [Individual selection for operation in the surgery of ulcer].
AB  - In 918 operations of gastroduodenal ulcer the operation was individually chosen.
      The critically indicated selective oral vagotomy with or without drainage
      operation yielded comparatively good results, it is a valuable supplementation of
      the previously only performed resection treatment. Ulcus duodenum and ulcus
      pepticum jejuni post-operativum are the domain of vagotomy, whereas in ulcus
      ventriculi in most cases is resected according to Billroth I. In old patients or
      severe concomitant diseases vagotomies--even in hypochlorhydria--yield as
      satisfying results as excision of ulcer and segment resections. Bleeding or
      perforated parapyloric ulcers were in selected cases also treated by vagotomies.
      On account of good early and late results the 2/3 resektion after Billroth I or
      II is never defective and it is more favourable for the patient than a wrongly
      indicated and technically insufficiency performed vagotomy. Operative techniques
      should be used which are mastered methodically. The vagotomy demands a critical
      indication and cautions technique, in the hand of an experienced operator it
      anticipates the removal of peptic ulcer. A final judgment is allowed only after
      an interval of 1 to 2 decenniums.

PMID- 1202778
TI  - [Herpes zoster as cause of an epidemic spread of varicella and zoster in a
      children's hospital].
AB  - During infancy zoster is not so rare as generally stated. In this age group the
      infection seems often to be unrecognised, because commonly it produces little or
      atypical body reactions. In children the infectivity of zoster is more serious
      than in adults, but in the absence of antibodies, varicella develops. Therefore
      zoster has been considered as an immunologically modified form of varicella. In
      my own experience, one case of zoster caused epidemics of varicella and zoster in
      a paediatric hospital. The pathogenesis and epidemiology of the two diseases have
      been discussed.

PMID- 1202779
TI  - [Crust due to ointments in infants].

PMID- 1202780
TI  - [Hemiatrophia faciei progressiva following skull injury].

PMID- 1202781
TI  - Rapid lactate determination with an electrochemical enzymatic sensor: clinical
      usability and comparative measurements.
AB  - Lactate measurements can be performed within 2-3 minutes after blood withdrawal
      from the patients by using an electrochemical enzymatic sensor for lactate. The
      values obtained reflect the actual state of the patient which is not the case
      with the slow classical method using lactate dehydrogenase and NAD. The sensor is
      reproducible and the influence of the main reducing substances found in the blood
      is small enough to be of no clinical significance. Drugs commonly used in
      intensive care stations have no influence on the sensor. In vitro lactate
      production of the blood cells has been studied under various conditions. 66 pairs
      of comparative measurements between the classical method and the lactate sensor
      resulted in a good correlation coefficient.

PMID- 1202782
TI  - [A micromethod for the determination of glucose in 20 microliter samples with the
      autoanalyzer (author's transl)].
AB  - A continuous flow method is described for the determination of glucose in
      haemolysates and other materials with hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase as reagents. It is a micro-method (20 microliter) which can be used
      with the 2. generation auto-analyzer. The new method was compared with a
      hexokinase manual method.

PMID- 1202783
TI  - [A simple extraction chamber for the analysis of gases by gas chromatography in
      small blood samples (50 microliters) (author's transl)].
AB  - A sample extraction chamber for the determination of O2- CO2- and N2O
      concentrations in 50 microliters blood samples by gas chromatography is
      described. These blood samples can be transferred anaerobically from the ear lobe
      of a patient or other donor by a doctor or medical auxillary. It is shown that
      N2O, O2 and CO2 are completely extracted from blood, red cell suspension and HCO3
      solutions respectively. When the concentrations of the same sample was repeatedly
      measured the coefficient of variation was 1.3% for O2 and N2O and 1.2% for CO2.

PMID- 1202784
TI  - Automated analysis of total urinary hydroxyproline based on resin-catalysed
      hydrolysis.
AB  - An automated method for the analysis of total urinary hydroxyproline using strong
      cation resin tablets of Hypronosticon is described for use in a clinical
      laboratory and the results are compared with those obtained by other methods.
      Even though good recoveries are obtained using the technique described in the
      present work by adding the internal standards either before or after hydrolysis
      of urine, the present method gave consistently lower values of urinary
      hydroxyproline compared with a manual and an automated method.

PMID- 1202786
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of 3,3',-'-triiodo-L-thyronine (reverse T3) in human serum and
      its application in different thyroid states.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for the measurement of 3.3',5'-triiodo-L-thyromine (reverse
      T3, rT3) has been developed. The known limitations of this technique have been
      overcome by the use of the biologically relevant L-compound for the production of
      highly specific antisera and for preparing the standard curve. The high
      sensitivity of the assay (lower limit of detection 20 ng/l serum) was obtained by
      using 125I-labelled rT3 of maximum specific radioactivity. Mean serum rT3
      concentrations for various thyroid states were as follows: Normal subjects: 0.182
      mug/l (0,280 nmol/l), hypothyroidism: 0.038 mug/l (0.058 nmol/l),
      hyperthyroidism: 0.522 mug/l (0.802 nmol/l), pregnants: 0.200 mug/l (0.307
      nmol/l), newborn (cord serum): 2.11 mug/l (3.24 nmol/l). The method described
      should provide additional information with regard to the clarification of
      thyroxine metabolism.

PMID- 1202785
TI  - [Investigation on the synthesis of 125I labelled triiodothyronine and thyroxine
      of high specific radioactivity (author's transl)].
AB  - The reaction conditions of the monoiodination of L-diiodothyronine and L
      triiodothyronine by nonradioactive iodide have been investigated by separation of
      the reaction mixture on sephadex G-25 with sodium hydroxide 10 mmol/l as eluent
      and quantitative iodine estimation in the eluate. When labelling with 125I was
      performed under optimal conditions, a good yield of chromatographically pure L
      triiodothyronine or L-thyroxine was obtained with a specific radioactivity
      between 2 and 3 Ci/mg. The synthesized labelled hormones were tested by
      radioimmunoassay. They enable a detection of less than 2 pg T3 and less than 5 pg
      T4.

PMID- 1202787
TI  - [The content of free serotonin in urine after resection of part of the gastro
      intestinal-tract (author's transl)].
AB  - The elimination of free serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in 24 h urine, from
      patients with gastric carcinoma before operation and from patients following 2/3
      gastrectomy (Billroth II), intestinal- or colon-rectum-resection, was measured
      using direct quantitative thin-layer chromatographic-fluorometry. By comparison
      with a heterogeneous control group a lowered elimination of free serotonin was
      observed in patients with gastric carcinoma and following colon-rectum-resection.
      The remaining groups showed no significant difference with the control group.

PMID- 1202788
TI  - [Nomenclature of angles in the lumbo-sacral region (author's transl)].
AB  - Lack of an universally accepted nomenclature of lumbo-sacral angles often leads
      to misunderstanding. As a basis for a future agreed nomenclature the descriptions
      of these angles are put in order, wherever possible without introducing new
      names. Only in one instance - for the differentiation between an anterior and
      posterior lumbo-sacral angle - was a new name essential. The series of angles
      also contains a point - the promontory - and a distance - the height of the
      promontory - which is the second new name.

PMID- 1202789
TI  - [Anatomy of the lateral malleolar sulcus - a contribution to the causation of
      displacement of peroneal tendons (author's transl)].
AB  - On 100 specimens of the fibula repeatable parameters were developed so as to
      measure the bony bed of the peroneal tendons and to evaluate the results
      statistically. The specimens were investigated frontally and in profile. And the
      sulcus was measured with a special tool. By determining height, width and slope
      of the walls of the groove absolute values were found which permitted
      differentiation between the various types of salcus.

PMID- 1202790
TI  - [Anatomy of the sulcus of the extensor carpi radialis tendon (author's transl)].
AB  - The anatomy of the sulcus of the extensor carpi radialis tendon was analyzed in
      order to establish the importance of anatomic variation of the bony bed for the
      development of habitual dislocation of the tendon. Length, width and slope of the
      lateral walls were measured. Additional morphologic description permitted to
      distinguish 4 different types of sulcus. The results mean that the anatomy of the
      sulcus has only an indirect connection with dislocation, via laxity of the
      retinacula.

PMID- 1202791
TI  - [Dyschondroplasia (Ollier) (author's transl)].
AB  - Over 20 years 5 patients with dyschondroplasia (Ollier) have been seen in the
      department for Orthopedics and Traumatology at Cluj-Napoca (Romania). Three were
      male, two female. 4 came from large families. First signs appeared gradually in
      3, in 2 spontaneous fractures drew the attention to the disease. Radiographycally
      there were the typical chondromas with a strong tendency towards ossification in
      the adult. Shortening and deformity is proportional to the growth of the
      chondromas. The cause is unknown. In one case a chondroma became sarcomatous. One
      arm had to be exarticulated. This patient had no recurrence after 14 years.

PMID- 1202792
TI  - [Progress of untreated scoliosis following poliomyelitis up to the end of the
      growth-period (author's transl)].
AB  - Further to an earlier paper on progression of untreated idiopathic scoliosis 37
      patients with scoliosis following poliomyelitis are reported on. 16 of them could
      be observed for 2 years or more having had no treatment. Their progression is
      clearly more extensive than that of idiopathic scoliosis. But like them it is at
      a peak during the prepubertal spurt of growth. It also is more obvious the
      earlier it is recognized. The prognosis of post-poliomyelitic scoliosis is
      particularly bad when it starts shortly after onset of the paralysis.

PMID- 1202793
TI  - [Transversal loading system in addition to the Harrington instruments (author's
      transl)].
AB  - With the transversal loading system, constructed by Cotrel, a new possibility for
      operative spine correction is given to the surgeon.

PMID- 1202794
TI  - [Microradiography and macroradiography with an industrial X-ray inspection
      apparatus (author's transl)].
AB  - Bone specimens of different thickness from 100 mum ground sections to whole bones
      can be examined with an industrial X-ray inspection-apparatus, which is
      versatile, easy to operate and less expensive equipment especially made for
      microradiography.

PMID- 1202795
TI  - [Early and late results after Colonna arthroplasties of the hip-joint (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 10 years the authors have carried out 107 Colonna arthroplasties of the hip
      joint. Results could be followed up in 98 patients, of whom 56 were - at the time
      of operation-less than 5-year-old, 42 holder. Among the early operations results
      were good and satisfactory in 60 per cent, in the late operations 50 per cent.
      They found that the quality of the result depended largely on the age of the
      patient, pre-operative traction and additional osteotomy. They recommend this
      operation for patients with neglected CDH or for those in whom closed reduction
      did not succeed and operations after Pemberton or Salter cannot be carried out
      any more.

PMID- 1202796
TI  - [The B.S.R. after total hip-replacement (author's transl)].
AB  - Out of 327 patients followed up for at least 2 years the changes in the B.S.R. of
      260 patients with an uncomplicated postoperative course, of 10 patients with
      early and 11 with late infection were analyzed. Where there were no complications
      the BSR falls quickly and reaches its lowest level after 6 months. In early and,
      surprisingly, also in late infection the BSR is high and does not show any
      tendency to return to normal.

PMID- 1202797
TI  - [Incomplete spinal cord syndrome in Paget's disease of the spine (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Report on a case, wrongly interpreted for a long time. The diagnostic
      difficulties in a slowly developing spinal cord syndrome in Paget's disease are
      discussed. The cord may be damaged in this disease in various ways. Here it was
      increasing mechanical compression by bone bulging into the spinal canal.
      Decompression laminectomy gives usually good results provided it is done early
      enough.

PMID- 1202798
TI  - [The consideration of footforms for a better judgement and explanation of
      footcomplains (author's transl)].
AB  - Differentiating individual foot types has decisive advantages in diagnosing and
      treating fallen arches and splayfoot. The basic methods of classifying different
      foot types are discussed and the necessity of such classifying is shown.
      Seemingly different interpretations of foot malformations are thereby explicable.
      Reference is made to the problem of therapeutic failures resulting from non
      observance of the interaction between the arch-support and the shoes worn. The
      positive effects of indicated alterations in heel height are demonstrated.

PMID- 1202799
TI  - [Measuring of the human body with the "Differentiometer" (author's transl)].
AB  - The "Differentiometer" is a handy instrument suitable for many measurements of
      the human body. Many important parts of the human body in their length, in their
      geometrical position and in their relation to each other can be measured on the
      lying as well as on the standing patient. Some of these measurements could not be
      done clinically until now. With these measurements investigation by X-ray
      sometimes can be spared.

PMID- 1202800
TI  - [Results in forearm prostheses (author's transl)].
AB  - A survey is given on 60 cases of forearm-amputationes, the properties of
      different prostheses are discussed. Based on questioning and experiences in
      changes of artificial limbs general conditions for limb fitting are worked out.
      Beside the function special attention was payed to the cosmetic results.

PMID- 1202801
TI  - [Development of biologic report systems for prostheses and ortheses (author's
      transl)].
AB  - By linkage with the physiologic sensory nervous system we have tried to open up
      information channels for reporting back states of prostheses and ortheses. Wired
      surface- and subcutaneous electrodes are used. Stable and conductive contact has
      been observed up to 1 1/2 years. Detachment is secured but quantitative
      allocation to certain sensory processes is not yet possible. Future work with
      improved technical means and using correlation analysis is required.

PMID- 1202802
TI  - [Loosening of the acetabular implant after replacement of the hip-joint due to
      age-related loss of bone structure (author's transl)].
AB  - Radiographs of the pelvis of 17 patients who after replacement of the hip joint
      showed loosening of the acetabular component have been examined as to the degree
      of osteoporosis by the method of Singh et al. Comparing aseptic and infective
      loosening showed that in aseptic cases age-related loss of bone-substance was on
      average more pronounced than in loosening due to infection. Since we have stopped
      opening the cancellous space in patients with advanced osteoporosis but only fill
      anchorholes or ridges with cement, we have not seen any more aseptic loosening.

PMID- 1202803
TI  - [Ball and socket ankle joint and tarsal synostosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Ball and socket ankle joints in 4 patients with "tarsal coalition" have first
      been described by Lamb and later by others. This report deals with a further
      case. The boy with a congenitally short left leg and absence of the lateral two
      toes was seen at the age of 4 months. He was again seen at 11 years of age after
      a sprain of the right ankle. Roentgen-examination showed calcaneotarsal
      synostosis and a ball and socket ankle joint with a fatigue fracture of the
      lateral metatarsal. The shape of the ankle joint appears to be part of a non
      inheritable congenital defect with early embryonal disturbance of cleft formation
      in the tarsus.

PMID- 1202804
TI  - [Radiologic diagnosis and surgical treatment of closed injuries to the distal
      biceps tendon (author's transl)].
AB  - A technique for the recognition of closed injuries of the distal biceps tendon by
      introducing CO2 gas contrast into the soft tissues has been devised. The gas is
      injected into the fascial cover of biceps with a special apparatus. This produces
      direct and indirect signs of rupture of the tendon in radiographs. The repair of
      the distal biceps tendon is achieved by an original method using a homoplastic
      sling around the radius. Good results were obtained in 13 patients.

PMID- 1202805
TI  - Pseudoaneurysm following axillo-femoral by-pass: unusual presentation.
AB  - An unusual presentation of a false aneurysm following axillo-femoral by-pass is
      reported. The leak at the femoral anastomosis dissected the fibrous tissue along
      the Dacron tube, causing the peculiar appearance of this case. A brief review of
      recent literature regarding the etiology of this complication is included.

PMID- 1202806
TI  - Carotid sinus syndrome: new surgical considerations.
AB  - 1. Direct surgical denervation of the carotid sinus would appear to offer the
      best long-term results for carotid sinus syncope. 2. Carotid sinus denervation
      should be done under temporary cardiac pacing for safety and for completeness of
      denervation. 3. Arteriography is indicated to eliminate those cases of cerebral
      vascular insufficiency that might mimic carotid sinus syndrome. Credit must be
      given to Dr. R. Hughes, Clearfield, Pa., who recognized this diagnosis and
      referred the patient for therapy.

PMID- 1202808
TI  - Open heart surgery during pregnancy--case report.
AB  - A case of a 32-year-old woman in her 7th month of pregnancy presented with
      intractable pulmonary edema due to mitral restenosis is reported. Open-heart
      mitral commissurotomy was done as an emergency procedure. She continued pregnancy
      to term after the operation and delivered a healthy female baby. The literature
      related to "the closed" and "open" heart surgery during pregnancy has been
      reviewed.

PMID- 1202807
TI  - Long-term evaluation of venous tissue in the construction of cardiac valves.
AB  - We present the evolution of venous tissue, used as a mitral or tricuspid
      prosthesis or in the reconstruction of the right ventricular outlet tract, for
      periods of up to 18 months. A histological and hydrodynamic study is made of the
      valves after sacrificing the animals. The venous tissue showed fibrosis,
      structural disorganization, elastosis, elastorexis and, above all, intense
      calcification in heavy deposits. Since the venous tissue evolved toward fibrosis
      and calcification, its use is considered contraindicated.

PMID- 1202809
TI  - Editorial: Trip on "line".

PMID- 1202810
TI  - [Reflection of the process of conditioned reflex formation in shifts of the
      steady potential level].
AB  - In chronic experiments on rabbits with non-polarizable electrodes shifts of
      steady potential level (SPL) are recorded from the brain surface during
      extinction of the orienting reaction and formation of a conditioned defensive
      reflex. During each of these processes they have their typical parameters and are
      respectively denoted by the author as: orienting (appearing in response to a new
      stimulus), conditioned (to a signal atimulus), unconditioned (to an electro
      cutaneous stimulus) and trace SPL shifts (developing after stimuli pairing).
      Trace shifts are the earliest SPL shifts originating as a result of pairing. They
      are manifested more regularly, than conditioned ones, considerably exceed them in
      amplitude, may differ from them in their sign and reach maximum values in a few
      seconds after the pairing. It has been assumed that formation of conditioned
      temporal connections depends above all on the appearance of a new kind of
      activity, resulting from pairings and reflected in the SPL trace shifts. This
      activity possibly constitutes the neurodynamic and metabolic processes underlying
      memory consolidation.

PMID- 1202811
TI  - [The effect of direct stimulation of the dog lateral hypothalamus on
      transformation of a passive-defensive situational reflex into an alimentary one].
AB  - The behavioral effect of electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus with
      a current of equal parameters in chronic experiments on dogs depended on the
      signal significance of the surroundings. Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus
      against the background of a defensive situational reflex in dogs which were in an
      experimental situation for the first time, far from evoking orientation to food
      and the act of feeding, enhanced the background fear reaction. After
      transformation of the defensive signal significance of the situation into an
      alimentary one, stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus began to activate the
      alimentary instrumental reflex and the act of feeding. However, at first the
      former was manifested irregularly. Combinations of stimulation of the lateral
      hypothalamus and achievement of the alimentary instrumental reflex with
      subsequent reinforcement stabilized and enhanced the alimentary instrumental
      reflex to the stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus.

PMID- 1202813
TI  - [Electrical activity of the caudate body during the orienting reaction in dogs].
AB  - It has been shown that during an orienting reaction a delta-rhythm sets in in the
      dog EEG of the caudate nucleus head, which coincides with facilitation of the
      recruited rhythm in the auditory cortex EEG and inhibition of the motor activity.
      It has been assumed that the caudate nucleus head is involved in the processes of
      limitation of non-selective movements during orienting reactions.

PMID- 1202812
TI  - [The behavior of rats with different regimes of cerebral self stimulation].
AB  - The behaviour of rats was studied during electrical self-stimulation (SS) of the
      brain in a chamber with a pedal: with a fixed duration of stimuli trains (fixed
      SS regime), and in a self-controlled regime, where the duration of trains was set
      by the rat itself. As the current intensity or the duration of the trains
      continues to increases, the SS frequency in the fixed regime rises no longer. The
      duration of pressing becomes shorter than that of the trains, and the number of
      short pauses drops down to 50% of its total number of pauses, if at the same
      current intensity the duration of the train is the same or greater than that set
      by the rats in the self-controlled SS regime. With weak current intensities, the
      rats could fail to press the pedal if they received 0.1 sec. trains. But at the
      same current intensities the rats began SS, if they received for pressing the
      pedal a succession of trains of 0.1 sec. each with intervals of 0.1 divided by
      0.2 sec. SS discontinued if the interval in the trains succession increased up to
      0.4 sec.

PMID- 1202814
TI  - [Analysis of the formation of systems of conditioned reflexes to time in
      rabbits].
AB  - Experiments on rabbits carried out by the food-procuring conditioned reflex
      method have shown that conditioned reflex systems to "pure" time can be
      elaborated, provided that conditioned stimulus is presented at regular, though
      different time intervals, following one another in a fixed sequence. The
      complexity of elaborating such systems to time is determined by the number of
      signal time intervals in the system, their different length, and their sequence.
      The formation of conditioned reflex systems to time is characterized by definite
      stages.

PMID- 1202815
TI  - [The role of the orbital cortex in feeding behavior].
AB  - It has been found that extirpation of the orbital zones of the cerebral cortex in
      dogs in which the structures of the limbic and striate levels of nervous
      integration were previously ablated, produced more profound disturbances of the
      higher nervous activity than the previous operations. Not only conditioned
      positive and inhibitory reactions were affected, but unconditioned alimentary
      reflexes as well, while food motivation sharply decreased. Further experiments on
      the operated animals and could go on, only when alimentary excitability was
      enhanced. A conclusion has been drawn that the orbital zones of the cerebral
      cortex are directly related to the achievement of an integrated alimentary
      behavioral reaction.

PMID- 1202816
TI  - [The effect of phenamine and caffeine on the ability to extrapolate in rats].
AB  - Solution of an extrapolation problem was studied on 28 albino rats (Way strain
      and laboratory population) and 68 hybrids (the first generation) of wild and
      laboratory rats in experiments with a screen--the search of food after the
      disappearance of the food stimulus from the animal's sight. Administration of
      caffeine (20 mg/kg) and d,l-amphetamine (0.1 mg/kg), though not changing the
      share of correct solutions, diminishes the number of "refusals" to solve it.
      Increased motor activity and diminished emotionality of the rats due to
      administration of the drugs, recorded in an open field test, are likely to cause
      a decrease in the number of refusals. Administration of d,l-amphetamine
      facilitates the process of conditioning which contributes to the greater number
      of positive solutions of the repeatedly presented task.

PMID- 1202818
TI  - [The effect of mixtures of caffeine, glucose and ascorbic acid on conditioned
      reflex activity in dogs during the postanesthetic period].
AB  - It was shown in experiments on four dogs by the conditioned method that the
      period of recovery of conditioned activity after one hour ether anaesthesia
      tested 7 to 7.5 days. Premedication with a mixture of caffeine, glucose and
      ascorbic acid reduced the recovery time to four or five days. After the
      administration of the complex in the postanaesthetic period (in 2.5 hours after
      anaesthesia) the stabilizing effect was still more pronounced. Thus, the recovery
      time of unconditioned and conditioned reflexes and differentiation was reduced to
      three or four days.

PMID- 1202817
TI  - [The effect of phenamine on the avoidance reaction in intact and striatectomized
      rats].
AB  - Various characteristics of a conditioned avoidance reaction were recorded in rats
      in a Y-maze. Small doses of d,l-amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) facilitated avoidance
      response while large ones (5 mg/kg) worsened it. After ablation of the rostral
      part of the striatum, small doses of the drug had the same effect as before, but
      no deteriorating action of large doses was observed. The behaviour disturbance is
      related to the capacity of d,l-amphetamine for activating the nigro-striatal
      dopaminergic transmission.

PMID- 1202819
TI  - [Perceptual-motor activity in children with focal lesions of the brain].
AB  - The pathology of the motor analyser, originating in connection with local lesions
      of the brain may be studied by means of sensorimotor tracing method. By this
      parameter, localizations of the lesion produce dissimilar disturbances of the
      percentive-motor activity. Disorders in movement control were revealed in the
      case of disturbance of interhemispheric relations resulting from a lesion of the
      dominant hemisphere; as a result of disfunction of the frontal lobes, which led
      to disturbance of prognostication; due to disturbance of the "body scheme" and
      proprioreception disturbances.

PMID- 1202820
TI  - [Intercentral relationships and their alteration during afferent stimulation
      according to mathematical analysis of the human EEG].

PMID- 1202821
TI  - [Thalamocortical relationships during spontaneous and evoked rhythmic activity of
      the brain].
AB  - A study was made in lightly nembutalized and unanaesthetized immunobilized cats
      of the interrelations between rhythmic afterdischarge evoked in the auditory
      cortex by a click, and a spontaneous spindle burst under different states of
      intact animals. The experiments showed: 1) Rhythmic afterdischarge represents a
      stimulus induced spindle burst, 2) local spindle burst (spontaneous or evoked by
      peripheral and central stimulations) in the auditory cortex does not change
      considerably either by stimulation or by lesion of thalamic nonspecific, as well
      as other specific structures; 3) An afterdischarge in the medial geniculate body
      (evoked by a click) remains unchanged after cooling or extirpation of the whole
      auditory cortex. All this suggests a generation of both spontaneous and evoked
      local rhythmic activity of the auditory thalamo-cortical system, independent of
      other such systems.

PMID- 1202822
TI  - [Correlation between different forms of trace phenomena in the activity of rabbit
      visual cortex neurons].
AB  - Plastic changes in the components of the unit responses in the rabbit visual
      cortex (VC) in the course of electrical stimulation (with different parameters)
      of the lateral geniculate body (LGB) were compared with the capacity of the same
      units for trace driving to the LGB preceding stimulation. Potentiation of
      inhibition (inhibitory pauses) in reponse to electrical LGB stimulation is the
      main plastic phenomenon in the activity of VC units. Trace driving is
      characteristic predominantly of units with enhanced plasticity of the excitatory
      sign, a tendency toward epileptiform activity after LGB tetanization. In most
      cases inhibitory reaction is expressed in weakening of the periodic component of
      neuronal activity corresponding to the frequency of stimulation. The level of
      trace suppression of periodicity positively correlates with potentiation of the
      inhibitory pause during prolonged LGB stimulation.

PMID- 1202823
TI  - [Cortico-subcortical interrelationships in the visual analyzer system at various
      stages of ontogenesis].
AB  - The influence of a corticofugal volley produced by single electrical stimulation
      of the visual projection cortical zone on the neuronal activity of LGB was
      studied in non-anaesthetized rabbits aged from three to thirty-five days. A
      coincidence was found between the time of appearance of nonspecific inhibitory
      corticofugal influences on the spontaneous activity of LGB neurons and the
      emergence of the first phasic-specific responses of the neurones of this level to
      a visual stimulus. It has been shown that the sensory flow at the LGB level can
      be controlled by non-specific inhibitory corticofugal influences at early periods
      of postnatal development. The appearance from the 15th day of life of specific
      responses to a corticofugal volley, including activation phases, leads to a
      greater complexity of the regulating Cortical influences on conduction of the
      afferent signal at the thalamic level. The data obtained are considered from the
      standpoint of integration of various levels of the visual analyser at different
      stages of ontogenesis.

PMID- 1202824
TI  - [Spatial synchronization of rabbit brain biopotentials upon repeated electrical
      stimulation of the cortex].
AB  - A study was made on 23 rabbits of the degree of spatial synchronization in
      response to repeated electrical stimulations of one or simultaneously two
      cortical areas: the sensorimotor or visual, or simultaneously the sensorimotor
      and visual, or sensorimotor and precentral respectively. Enhancement of the
      synchronization induced by the stimulation, globally spread over the entire
      cortex and was followed by its decrease. However, in the two directly stimulated
      areas of the cortex, the similarity of bioelectrical oscillations persisted for a
      long time, which testifies to the establishment of selective relations between
      them.

PMID- 1202825
TI  - [Modulation of the neuronal activity and evoked potentials of the cerebral cortex
      by stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus].
AB  - In experiments on alert rabbits high frequency stimulation of the CA1 field of
      the dorsal hippocampus reduced the peak latency of the main negative component of
      the evoked potential (EP) to a light flash in the sensorimotor and occipital
      tests areas of the cerebral cortex. A single stimulation of the same part of the
      hippocampus resulted in a gradually developing facilitation of secondary
      negativity of the EP 5th component, predominantly in the sensorimotor cortex.
      Investigation of neuronal responses in the same cortical areas to a stimulation
      of the CA1 field with different parameters has shown that the effects of EP
      modulation are due to dynamic reorganizations of cortical neuronal activity.

PMID- 1202827
TI  - [The effect of illumination on involuntary eye saccades].
AB  - A study was made of the influence of sudden illumination micromovements of the
      eyes. Sudden contour illumination of the eye by a 15 degrees field with a
      crossing in the centre and a brightness of 100 nit reduced the amplitude of
      involuntary saccades and their frequency. The effect was particularly distinct
      with preliminary recording of the eye micromovement in complete darkness without
      a fixation point. In the case of fixation of a stationary point with one eye and
      of illumination of the other, the effect was also manifest, but it was less
      pronounced. During illumination of the eye with diffused light (through
      spectacles with frosted glasses) the effect of diminution of the saccade
      amplitude was smaller, though the brightness remained unchanged. A decrease in
      the saccade amplitude was practically not observed when the point was fixed at
      diffuse illumination. It has also been shown that with greater brightness of the
      fixation point (0.3; 25; 92 and 1000 nit), the amplitude and frequency of
      involuntary saccades diminish. The results attest that in choosing the conditions
      of work of the saccadic system two factors should be taken into consideration:
      the presence of the contours of the visible object and its brightness, the latter
      by itself having a lesser effect than the former.

PMID- 1202828
TI  - [A change in the excitability of human spinal motor neurons during prolonged
      acoustic stimulation].

PMID- 1202826
TI  - [Participation of the neocortical and reticulo-hypothalamic apparatuses in the
      regulation of recurrent inhibition in the thalamic relay nucleus].
AB  - In acute experiments on cats a study was made into the development of the field
      potential of the recurrent inhibition wave (P-wave) in VPL in response to the
      stimulation of the somatosensory cortex. It has been found that high-frequency
      stimulation of the posterior medial hypothalamus results in the reduction of the
      thalamic P-wave brought about antidromically and in a decrease of the number of
      waves in the series. The effect of stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus on
      the processes of recurrent inhibition in the relay thalamus is to a great extent
      mediated through mechanisms of the branstem reticular formation. It has been
      shown that the dynamics of amplitude characteristics of primary sensory responses
      in the VPL depends on the phases of development of P-wave in the nucleus.
      Functional switching off of the cortex by means of loci toxic action reduces the
      amplitude of P-wave produced by stimulation of a point of the poisoned cortex.
      Spatial non-coincidence between the topography of foci of maximal activity of
      primary thalamo-cortical responses and the foci of maximal influences of the
      stimulated cortex on recurrent inhibition in VPL points to the likely involvement
      of the neocortical apparatus proper in recurrent thalamic inhibition.

PMID- 1202829
TI  - [The role of afferentation from the supporting extremities in carrying out
      complex motor acts].

PMID- 1202831
TI  - [Methods of displaying and recording the biopotential field of the brain].

PMID- 1202830
TI  - [Neurodynamic shifts in analyzers of associated stimuli during formation of
      defensive reactions in dogs].

PMID- 1202832
TI  - [A device for automatic sharpening of several wolfram microelectrodes].

PMID- 1202833
TI  - [Impulse neuronal activity of the rat olfactory bulb not spreading to the axon].

PMID- 1202834
TI  - [A device for measuring the resistance of chronic microelectrodes].

PMID- 1202835
TI  - [A portable stimulator for electric stimulation of brain structures in freely
      moving animals].

PMID- 1202837
TI  - [Electrophoretical differentiation and classification of proteins. VI. Disc
      electrophoresis and isoelectrical focossing of proteins and enzymes from
      tomatoes, cucumber, sugar-maize and onions (author's transl)].
AB  - Acetone-dry powders which are excellently suited for the enrichment of proteins
      and partially also for enzymes, have been extracted with buffers. Separation was
      accomplished using disc-electrophoresis and isoelectrical focusing. The protein
      distribution patterns of fleshy tomatoe varieties largly correspond to each
      other. In the protein distribution patterns of cucumbers, sugar-maize and onions,
      the protein pherograms indicate sort-dependency. The zymograms partially differ
      very much. This can not entirely be attributed to differences of the sorts.

PMID- 1202836
TI  - A method for the identification and quantitative investigation of denatured
      proteins in mixtures based on computer comparison of amino-acid patterns.
AB  - A procedure is described in which stepwise regression is adapted to permit
      comparison of the amino-acid pattern from a composite sample with those of simple
      substances arranged in an easily accessible data bank. The computer program
      automatically selects from the bank those proteins whose amino-acid patterns best
      correspond to that of the sample, and calculates the proportion of the proteins
      contained in the mixture. The procedure is applicable to food analytical problems
      that involve the identification and determination of proteins in mixtures, and
      also to situations in which the properties of the proteins have been altered by
      denaturation or enzymatic degradation. The determination is limited to 3-4
      proteins in the mixture.

PMID- 1202838
TI  - [The phenolics of fruits. VI. The phenolics of currants, gooseberries and
      blueberries. Changes in phenolic acids and catechins during development of black
      currants (author's transl)].
AB  - Black, red, and white currants, gooseberries and cultivated blueberries contained
      only small amounts of catechins (total up to 30 mg per kg). Hydroxycinnamic acid
      derivatives, especially of caffeic and p-coumaric acid, occured mostly in higher
      concentrations. Furthermore, 4-hydroxygenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid and
      gallic acid were found after hydrolysis in currants and only protocatechuic acid
      in gooseberries in different levels. Salicyclic and gentisic acid were found in
      traces up to 2 mg per kg, occassionally vanillic acid, syringic acid or
      isoferulic acid. The concentrations of the examined phenolic acids in black
      currants related to the whole fruit (mg per fruit) increased, and related to
      fresh weight (mg per 1000 g) decreased during the growth of the fruits with the
      exception of protocatechuic acid, which appeared mostly in a last stage of the
      fruit.

PMID- 1202839
TI  - [Caffeine determination by gelchromatography (author's transl)].
AB  - Caffeine in beverages was determined by gel chromatography after extraction with
      chloroform from an alkalized sample. For extract from coffee, tea and mate a very
      good agreement was observed between the chromatographic method used and the
      method of Navellier et al. Major departures were observed for decaffeinized
      coffee and some beverages of the cola type, where gel chromatography was more
      selective and caffeine separated from impurities stripped into the extract. The
      reproducibility of determination corresponded to the standard method (standard
      deviation 4.2%).

PMID- 1202840
TI  - [Quantitative determination of supplemental vitamin C in mineral salt mixtures
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Supplemental vitamin C in mineral salt mixtures is extracted without destruction
      by diluted ethanol under the reducing and stabilizing protection of 2,3
      dimercaptopropanol-(1) (BAL). After removal of heavy metal ions in form of
      mercaptides and by means of cation exchange BAL is extracted and vitamin C
      (ascorbic plus dehydroascorbic acid) titrated with dichlorophenolindophenol.
      Recovery 98-100%.

PMID- 1202841
TI  - [About mass-spectroscopy of aflatoxines (author's transl)].
AB  - The mass-spectroscopical identification of aflatoxines in the eluant after thin
      layer-chromatographical seperation represents a problem at amounts of less than
      50 ng normally found in foods. Therefore it was necessary to investigate the
      factors influencing the identification. Among others, influences of plate
      material and the eluant were found. Based on the results with pure aflatoxines
      ideas were developed on their possible reactions.

PMID- 1202843
TI  - [Sensitivity and specificity of rectal palpation. Detection test for early
      diagnosis of the prostatic carcinoma].

PMID- 1202842
TI  - [LDH- and MDH-isoenzymes in the costo-chondral junction in experimental
      lathyrismus and under additional medication with 6-methyl-prednisolone and O
      (beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides].
AB  - Several classic studies suggest that experimental lathyrism is not only based on
      an extracellular distrubance of collagen fibre maturation but on a disturbed
      cellular energy metabolism. To exemplity this in assessment of skeletal damage
      the isoenzymes of LDH and MDH on the bone metabolism have been determined. Thus
      in experimental lathyrism the capacity for glycolysis and for oxidative energy
      production are significantly diminished in the rib bones and rib cartilage. The
      resulting reduction of glycoseaminoglycans in the ground substance, thus
      disturbing the function of the matrix in the formation of collagen fibres. In the
      bone the lack of mature collagen fibres leads to a mineralisation disturbance
      because of impaired nucleation function. Thus experimental lathyrism cannot be
      regarded as a disturbed extracellular collagen metabolism. "Venoruton" could not
      correct the lathyrogenic disturbance of energy metabolism, but after 3 weeks 6
      methyl-prednisolone caused a normalisation of the state of energy metabolism.

PMID- 1202844
TI  - [Treatment of urethral stricture in the male by means of Otis-urethrotom. Report
      on 65 cases].

PMID- 1202845
TI  - [Surgical correction of the stress incontinence in the woman by Marschall
      Marchetti-Krantz's method].

PMID- 1202846
TI  - [Unusual case of an asymptomatic ureteroduodenal fistula].

PMID- 1202847
TI  - [Foreign bodies in the urethra].

PMID- 1202848
TI  - [Ureter-uterus fistula after abortion].

PMID- 1202849
TI  - [Prevention of thromboembolism in urology].

PMID- 1202850
TI  - [Short-term memory of the mouse-eared bat, Myotis myotis, and its biological
      value].
AB  - Myotis myotis can precisely locate and memorize sounds made by insects moving on
      the ground. Its competent approach even after an interval indicates an accurate
      short-term memory, important in catching prey and greatly influencing its
      distribution and abundance.

PMID- 1202851
TI  - [Extrathoracic bypass surgery in transfered veins of the extremities in the vena
      cava superior syndrome].

PMID- 1202852
TI  - [Studies on the uppermost venous valves of the vena saphena magna in varices].

PMID- 1202853
TI  - [Isthmic aortic stenosis and large poststenotic aneurysm].

PMID- 1202854
TI  - [Apparatus for cooling of surfaces and back-warming for surgery on the "dry"
      heart in infants and small children using of mild and deep hypothermia].

PMID- 1202856
TI  - [Drug therapy in blood coagulation disorders].

PMID- 1202855
TI  - [Simplified preparation method for portacaval anastomosis].

PMID- 1202857
TI  - [Blood coagulation disorders in massive blood transfusion].

PMID- 1202858
TI  - [Analytic studies of blood coagulation after massive transfusion].

PMID- 1202859
TI  - [Possibility of avoiding blood transfusions by using hemodilution].

PMID- 1202860
TI  - [Hyperfibrinolysis, hypercoagulation and blood coagulation inhibitors].

PMID- 1202861
TI  - [Secretion of catecholamines during pregnancy].
AB  - The excretion of total catecholamines in the urine of 18 females being in various
      stages of gestation was examined. These women did not take during their pregnancy
      any drug affecting the synthesis, storage, release, reuptake or metabolism of
      catecholamines. From the assessment of total catecholamines of 24 hours no
      statistically significant difference was observed as to the excretion of
      catecholamines as compared to the amount excreted by non-pregnant normal females.

PMID- 1202862
TI  - [Problem of causative relation between pregnancy interruption and following
      premature termination of pregnancy].
AB  - On the basis of the case material of the Universitats-Frauenklinik Jena, in a
      prospective investigation 524 women with an interruption in 1972 are investigated
      for subsequent premature births and abortions. In a second study we
      retrospectively analyzed the anamnestic data of 133 females whose pregnancies in
      1974 ended with a premature birth. The results presented in tables are compared
      with suggestions from literature.

PMID- 1202863
TI  - [Case of old uterine perforation after abortus mens II/III].
AB  - We can point out a rare case of an old, covered perforation of the uterus after
      abortus mens II-III and report the method of treatment carried out.

PMID- 1202864
TI  - [Results of delivery in umbilical cord prolapse at the University-Gynecological
      Clinic Rostock in the years 1958 to 1973].
AB  - Basing on a 16-year-analysis recommendations are given for the definitive
      management of delivery in cases of umbilical cord prolapsus in dependence of the
      cervical dilatation and the position of the fetus. The indication for cesarean
      section is to pronounce generously and inhibition of labour by tocolytical drugs
      is to demand.

PMID- 1202865
TI  - [Conglutinatio orificii uteri externi as indication for cesarean section].
AB  - A case of conglutinatio orificii uteri externi is reported. Aetiology and
      pathogenesis of this rare complication of birth are discussed.

PMID- 1202866
TI  - [Endometriosis in the episiotomy-cicatrix].
AB  - The endometriosis in the scar caused by episiotomy after delivery of twins has
      been shown, and the coalesced placentas have been peeled off. The first menstrual
      hemorrage began four weeks following the childbirth, and the first disorders in
      the scar appeared three months after child birth. A small number of such cases
      have been reported so far, probably because the endometrium in the second half of
      pregnancy has a slight ability of implantation, and the brisk fall in the sexual
      hormone production in the puerperium is not favourable for the growth of the
      probable implant.

PMID- 1202869
TI  - [Activity of lysozymes in blood serum of rabbits with experimental salmonellosis
      (Salmonella agona) (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have analysed the influence of experimental infection of rabbits with
      Salmonella agona on lysozyme activity in the blood serum of examined animals. 37
      rabbits were used in the experiments; experimental salmonellosis was developed in
      22 out of this number, the remaining ones (15 rabbits) served as controls A
      statistically significant increase of lysozyme activity has been found in the
      serum of sick animals in the acute stage of the disease. A significantly high
      activity of this enzyme was observed in the diluted blood serum of experimental
      animals. No correlation was founds between the number of leucocytes and the
      percentage of granulocytes, and the lysozyme activity.

PMID- 1202868
TI  - [Problems in the preoperative treatment of old patients].
AB  - Because of a higher duration of life the age surgical operations get higher
      importance also in the gynaecology. In elderly patients careful pre-operative
      treatment gives a reduction of lethality and morbidity. You must consider the
      shorted functional resources of the heart circulation system and the lungs and
      kindeys. Disturbances in electrolyte metabolism, water balance and acid-base
      regulation should optimally be compensated pre-operatively. At the same time the
      thrombosis prophylactic is a very important fact in the pre-operative treatment.

PMID- 1202867
TI  - [Oral contraceptives during pregnancy and fetal chromosome findings].
AB  - By means of direct chromosome preparation 7 foetuses are studied whose mothers
      had taken oral contraceptives during conception and early pregnancy. Two X0/XX
      mosaics are found in whom it is questionable whether they are the result of
      taking ovulation inhibitors.

PMID- 1202870
TI  - [Ten new serotypes of Salmonella subgenus I isolated from healthy carriers in
      Togo (West Africa)].
AB  - The Salmonella strains described in this paper were isolated from stool specimens
      of healthy persons in epidemiological studies in Togo (West Africa). All strains
      belong to the subgenus I of the genus Salmonella. [see text]

PMID- 1202871
TI  - [Nine new Salmonella species belonging to sub-genera I, II, and III and a new
      serological variant of S. tornow (author's transl)].
AB  - Between October 1971 and March 1972, 168 samples were collected from tank-water
      and faeces of amphibious animals and reptiles living in the Aquarium of the
      Berlin Zoo. They were examined for Salmonella and Arizona. Nine unknown
      Salmonella species and one new serological variant of S. tornow were isolated.
      Two of the new species were found to belong to sub-genus I, three to sub-genus
      II, and for to sub-genus III (Arizona) (see article).

PMID- 1202872
TI  - [Investigations on the structure of the sphingolipids of the genus Bacteroides
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In 1972 Fritsche and Thelen have described the difference between the structure
      of the komplex lipids of the genus Bacteroides and the genus Sphaerophorus.
      Further investigations of Fritsche demonstrated the possibility of grouping
      gramnegative anaerobes into the genus Bacteroides in spite of the fact, that one
      of the final products of metabolism of these strains is butyric acid. These
      strains are the so-called butyric acid producing Bacteroides. This paper
      describes the structure of the still unknown fatty acids of the komplex lipids of
      Bacteroides strains and confirms the heterogenity of the sphingosine bases of
      Bacteroides as a principle. Fife strains of Bacteroides - with and without
      production of butyric acid - were used for purification of their long chain
      bases, which were characterized by degradation. The unknown fatty acids were
      isolated from B. thetaiotaomicron and analyzed by Dr. Rosenfelder with the aid of
      mass spectrometry, O-methylation and dehydratisation. The experiments of
      Rosenfelder demonstrate, that the unknown fatty acids have the behaviour of 3
      hydroxy fatty acids, the two main peaks are a hexadecanoic and a heptade
      behaviour of 3-hydroxy fatty acids, the two main peaks are a hexadecanoic and a
      heptadecanoic acid. They have an identical behaviour with the 3-hydroxy-15-methyl
      palmitic acid of Myxococcus fulvus. Therefore the genus Bacteroides differs from
      the genus Sphaerophorus by synthesis of 3-hydroxy fatty acids. The production of
      sphingolipids is a common characteristic of the genus Bacteroides, each of the
      five strains demonstrated a heterogeneous pattern of bases with sphingosines with
      16 to 20, perhaps also 12 to 14 carbon atoms, sometimes predominantly the
      branched and n-heptadeca- and the octadeca-sphinganine can be identified. The
      possibility of the production of phyto-sphingosines is discussed.

PMID- 1202873
TI  - The growth cycle of influenza viruses as studied in touch preparations of the
      allantoic layer of chick embryos. 4. The growth cycle of influenza B virus:
      presence of basophilic inclusions in cytoplasm of CAM epithelial cells.
AB  - The infectious cycle of Influenza B virus occurring at the allantoic layer of
      embryonated eggs has been studied by means of cytological and immunofluorescence
      techniques utilizing touch preparations. The infectious cycle of the virus
      resembles closely that of Influenza A virus. Influenza B virus, regardless of the
      dose inoculated, affected the strata of the allantoic layer to a different
      extent. It totally destroyed the surface stratum (major growth cycle) in about 20
      hours time when a 10(8) ID50 dose was inoculated and within 38 hours with a 10
      ID50 dose. In the deep stratum, which remained denuded after the destruction of
      the surface one, most cells (90%) showed normal appearance and a small proportion
      (about 10%) appeared to be infected. This condition of a minor growth cycle of
      infection lasted till death of the embryos which occurred within 3--4 days as a
      maximum. At advanced stages of infection ulcerations (loss of epithelium)
      appeared which at no time were observed in a Influenza A virus infection.

PMID- 1202874
TI  - Untraditional glucose fermenting actinomycetes as human pathogens. Part II:
      Rothia dentocariosa as a cause of abdominal actinomycosis and a pathogen for
      mice.
AB  - Rothia dentocariosa was proved as a primary pathogen for man in the case of
      abdominal infection of a 19 year old woman. Clinical findings were typical for
      actinomycosis and the patient was cured with penicillin following surgery.
      Actinomycotic granules were proved by direct microscopy in the pus and R.
      dentocariosa was recovered as a single pathogen according to the microscopy. Two
      morphologically distinct isolates recovered from primocultures were described.
      They were studied separately and finally they were recognized as physiologically
      identical varieties of a single organism. In addition, the two morphological
      varieties of R. dentocariosa were considered to represent a particular kind of
      variability of the A-N type. The isolated germ was found to be pathogen for mice.
      Intraperitoneal infections provoked multiple nodules formation which were grown
      into the internal organs of experimental animals. The nodules were encapsulated
      and tended to spread without regard to the natural tissue plan. They contained
      pus involving microgranules of viable germs. This first report of the natural
      human infection caused by R. dentocariosa is the precedent for the definite
      establishing of this aerobic glucose fermenting actinomycete amidst the
      untraditional potential pathogens of human actinomycosis.

PMID- 1202875
TI  - Immunizing effects of structural components of Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae.
AB  - The protective attributes of the structural components of Leptospira
      icterohaemorrhagiae strain Shibaura were examined. Guinea pigs were immunized
      with the outer envelope, the cell wall, the type-specific main antigen, and the
      protein constituent of the outer envelope respectively. Of the 4 preparations,
      the outer envelope, the cell wall and the type-specific main antigen showed a
      considerable protective effect in this order. The protein constituent of the
      outer envelope was less effective. Immunization with 200 mug of the outer
      envelope protected guinea pigs from lethal infection but no completely from the
      renal carrier state. The rate of protection from renal leptospirosis by the
      preparations of leptospiral components and lyophilized whole cells was always
      inferior to the survivor rate.

PMID- 1202876
TI  - [Bone marrow eythroid series cellular reaction to antigenic stimulation].
AB  - The authors describe changes in the cells of the erythroid series of the bone
      marrow against the background of immunization with diphtheria toxoid.
      Physiological saline was injected to control animals. Changes in the blood system
      were in one direction and were expressed in the erythroblastic reaction; this
      reaction was less pronounced in control than in the experimental animals.

PMID- 1202877
TI  - [Relation of intrahospital morbidity from staphylococcal infections to some
      properties of hospital strains].
AB  - Analysis of staphylococcus infection morbidity in a large obstetrical hospital
      for 5 years offered a possibility of establishing an association between the
      severity of the course of staphylococcus infections in patients, the
      bacteriophage type of the causative agent and its resistance to antibiotics. The
      qualitative changes in morbidity in the direction of the prevalence of minor
      forms and mild course ocurred in parallel with the changes of the leading
      bacteriophage type from the epidemic 75/77 and 80/81 to the nonepidemic
      bacteriophage types of the III bacteriophage group and the changes of the
      antibiograms of the causative agents in the direction of an increase in the
      number of strains sensitive to antibiotics. Since the severity of the course of
      staphylococcus infection characterized the pathogenicity of the strain of the
      causative agent a conclusion could be drawn on the association between the sign
      of virulence and determinants of the medicinal resistance and definite prophages
      in the hospital strains of staphylococcus.

PMID- 1202878
TI  - [Change in the activity of tissue enzymes in the process of immunoallergic
      restructing of the body after vaccination. I. Cathepsin and dipeptidase].

PMID- 1202879
TI  - [Histochemical study of the activity of certain enzymes in the organs of rabbits
      immunized with staphylococcal anatoxin and analeukocidin].

PMID- 1202880
TI  - [Some data on the chemical makeup of the staphylococcal protective somatic
      antigen].

PMID- 1202881
TI  - [Patterns in the epidemic process of scarlet fever in various territories
      differing in respect of climate and geography].
AB  - Observations carried out in Ashkhabad and Petrozavodsk permitted to reveal
      specific features of the epidemic process in scarlet fever at the territories
      differing in climato-geographic respect. This was expressed in a different level
      of morbidity, differences in the character of periodicity, seasonality and age
      structure of morbidity. Along with this there were noted differences in the
      spread of the carrier state of hemolytic streptococcus and of their biological
      properties, and also in the process of immunity formation in the population. The
      data obtained suggest that one of the causes of epidemiological differences in
      scarlet fever detected in the southern and the northern districts were
      peculiarities of the immunological reactivity of the population and a difference
      in the carrier state of the highly toxigenic streptococci.

PMID- 1202882
TI  - [Possibility of shortening an aerosol immunization session with dry live plague
      vaccine].
AB  - A comparative study of the 10- and 30-minute seances of the animal vaccination
      with the dry living plague aerozol EB vaccine demonstrated that the biological
      and the weight aspiration doses for a 10-minute vaccination seance constituted 96
      and 89% of the dose, respectively, during a 30-minute exposure. According to the
      results of the passive hemagglutination test immunological shifts developing in
      guinea pigs after the 10- and 30-minute exposure proved to be equal. On this
      basis it is recommended to decrease the seance of the animal vaccination from 30
      to 10 minutes.

PMID- 1202883
TI  - [Etiology of acute suppurative destructive pneumonias in children].
AB  - Clinical, immunological and bacteriological studies were carried out in 63
      children with the so-called staphylococcus destruction of the lungs. It was shown
      that in some of the cases destructive process in the lungs, along with the
      pathogenic staphylococcus, could be caused by the Gram negative bacteria
      (Proteus, Bac. pyocyaneus, etc.). It was found that in children of different age
      groups the titre of antistaphylococcus antibodies up to 0.5 AU/ml was normal and
      pointed to the absence of any inflammatory disease of staphylococcus etiology; a
      titre of 2 AU/ml - and overcould be considered as diagnostic. In connection with
      bacterial poly-etiology of acute destruction of the lungs in children it is
      suggested that it should be designated as "acute purulent destructive pneumonia".
      The importance of immuno-bacteriological studies in children with diseases with
      the mentioned pathology is emphasized; these examinations permit to choose proper
      complex therapy.

PMID- 1202884
TI  - [Isolation and identification of Neisseria in bronchial asthma].
AB  - A study was made of 29 strains of neisseria isolated from the mucosa of the
      pharynx and the bronchi of patients suffering from infectious-allergic bronchial
      asthma of different severity. Comparison of the strains by 22 tests (including
      the assessment of the morphological, biochemical and other signs) permitted to
      establish the species of neisseria with some probability. The species reference
      was determined in 23 cultures. N. perflava was isolated in 10 cases, N. subflava-
      in 6, N. flava--in 3 cases and N. sicca--in 4 cases, 2 strains corresponded to
      apigmentary N. cinerea. The species was not established in 4 cultures. There was
      found no connection between a definite microbial association and the species of
      neisseria and the severity of the disease. Pigment species of neisseria should be
      tested as diagnostic allergens.

PMID- 1202885
TI  - [Quantitative indices of lysozyme activity in staphylococci].
AB  - The lysozyme activity of 354 lysozyme-positive and 100 lysozyme-negative (by the
      results of qualitative test) staphylococcus strains were studied quantitatively.
      The method was based on titration of the lysozyme in the culture fluid of 48-hour
      broth cultures of the strains under study. The quantitative method proved to be
      more sensitive than the qualitative one, and permitted to reveal the lysozyme
      production in 71% of the strains which were formerly considered to be lysozyme
      negative. There were distinct species differences between the lysozyme-positive
      staphylococci: the mean lysozyme level in the S. aureus was significantly greater
      then in the S. epidermis. There was no regular association between the lysozyme
      activity, staphylococcus origin, bacteriophage reference and the antibiotic
      resistance.

PMID- 1202886
TI  - [Comparison of the physiological and biochemical indices of the phagocytosis of
      ram erythrocytes by macro- and microphages].
AB  - Morita and Perkins' method was applied to the study of the stage of ingestion and
      destruction of an antigen (sheep erythrocytes) in the macrophages of peritoneal
      exudate of rabbits and rats and in the microphages of rabbit pleural exudate.
      Ingestion and intracellular destruction of the antigen were accompanied by
      intensified respiration and glycolysis of phagocytes. Respiration of the three
      types of phagocytes at two stages of phagocytosis and also the digestive capacity
      of microphages proved to be sensitive to cyanide and colchicine. The latter
      failed to influence the ingestion of the antigen by the three types of phagocytes
      and its digestion by macrophages. The differences in the metabolism routes of
      macro- and microphages in intracellular destruction of the antigen was
      postulated. An intensification of the phagocytic activity after the immunization
      was characteristic of rabbit and rat macrophages.

PMID- 1202887
TI  - [Experience in using jet injectors for mass immunization against infectious
      diseases. II. Some characteristics of the organization of a mass inoculation
      campaign among an urban population].

PMID- 1202888
TI  - [Use of regression analysis in the quantitative evaluation of the activity of
      biological preparations].
AB  - Use of regression analysis in the assessment of the activity of biological
      preparations under experimental conditions permitted not only to assess the
      quantitative effect (ED50) more strictly, but also to find other parameters of
      importance for the results of comparison, for example with the standard, i.e. in
      standardization. To these belong regression coefficient, parallelism of
      regressions, and the relative potency. By the presence of a parallelism one can
      judge the similarity between the activity mechanism of the active principle of
      the preparations being compared. Relative potency characterizes the activity of
      the preparation in the relative values in comparison with the standard, with a
      statistical evaluation of this value with the aid of the confidence interval. The
      authors suggest a program for Mir-2 computer facilitating the calculations in
      using the analystical method which is more objective than the graphic method of
      assessment of the linear dosage-response curve.

PMID- 1202889
TI  - A study of DNA from chloroplasts separated by counter-current distribution.
AB  - Three types of chloroplasts (Peak I, Peak II, and Peak III chloroplasts) isolated
      by counter-current distribution in aqueous polymer two-phase systems have been
      studied with respect to DNA content. (The characterization was performed by
      studying the buoyant density, the melting profile and the amount of DNA of each
      type). The DNA was found to differ between the three types of chloroplasts.

PMID- 1202890
TI  - Structural studies of metabolic products of dopamine. IV. Crystal and molecular
      structure of (-)-noradrenaline.
AB  - The crystal structure of (-)-noradrenaline has been determined by X-ray methods,
      using 1000 observed reflections collected by counter diffractometer techniques.
      The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P212121, with a=8.611(2), B=6.138(2),
      And c=14.912(4) A. Least-squares refinements yielded a conventional R-factor of
      0.036. Standard deviations in bond lengths are 0.003 A and in bond angles 0.2
      degrees. The crystal structure of (-)-noradrenaline corresponds closely to that
      of (-)-adrenaline in molecular geometry, conformation, and arrangement in the
      crystals. The results of the structure investigations are discussed in relation
      to the biological activity of these biogenic amines.

PMID- 1202891
TI  - Bacterial carotenoids. XLVII. C50-carotenoids. 15. Absolute configuration of
      decaprenoxanthin.

PMID- 1202892
TI  - The resistance of glycoproteins to proteolytic inactivation.

PMID- 1202893
TI  - [Contribution to the clinical study of the Parsonage and Turner syndrome. 15
      personal observations (author's transl)].
AB  - The seimological aspects of 15 observations of amyotrophic neuralgia of the
      shoulder are described. This group includes 12 men and 3 women. The signs were
      bilateral in 4 patients. A recurrence was observed in 3 cases, suggesting a
      constitutional predisposition. One patient also demonstrated neuropathic signs in
      the lower limbs. Special emphasis is put on the mode of onset and the prodromal
      symptoms. A functional overloading of the scapulo-humeral articulation is evident
      in 5 cases. In 12 patients a complete functional recovery was observed in less
      than one year.

PMID- 1202894
TI  - [Histochemical study of choroid plexuses, ependymal epithelium and subcommissural
      organ in experimental conditions (author's transl)].
AB  - Activities of some dehydrogenases (DH) belonging to the metabolism of glucose,
      glutamic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid, and to Kreb's cycle are investigated
      in choroid plexuses, ependymal epithelium and subcommissural organ of the rat.
      The observations are completed by detection of acid phosphatase activity.
      Metabolic modifications are demonstrated following carbonic anhydrase inhibition
      and plasmatic sodium hypertonicity. After treatment with Diamox, an increase of
      the activity of the various DH considered is observed in choroid plexuses. The
      effect seems to be only transient. Plasmatic hypertonicity induces some changes
      in DH activity in the different tissues. Acid phosphatase activity remains
      unchanged in these conditions.

PMID- 1202895
TI  - L-dopa plus dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor. Sleep organization in Parkinson's
      syndrome before and after treatment.
AB  - Sixty-four all-night sleep polygraphic recordings have been carried out in
      patients affected by Parkinson's syndrome, before and after treatment with an
      association of l-dopa plus a peripheral dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor. Without any
      drug, parkinsonian patients showed sleep disruption with frequent awakenings,
      reduction of total sleeping time and lessening of REM stage rather than slow
      sleep. Treatment with l-dopa plus inhibitor appeared to be able to restore good
      night sleep organization with a noteworthy increase in the REM stage.

PMID- 1202896
TI  - Segmental fibre breakdown and defects of the plasmalemma in diseased human
      muscles.
AB  - Thick round fibres common in cross sections of muscle biopsies from patients with
      muscular dystrophy are due to contracted and swollen segments of otherwise normal
      muscle fibres. This contracture leads to segmental fibre breakdown, which is
      identical with Zenker's waxy degeneration. In biopsies from 90 patients suspected
      of neuromuscular disease, segmental contracture was seen in all or nearly all
      patients with infantile muscular dystrophy, necrotic myopathy or acute alcoholic
      myopathy. It was present in half of the patients with polymyositis or myotonic
      dystrophy. In resticted forms of muscular dystrophy it was rare as it was in
      neurogenic atrophy. In 9 clinically normal patients it was absent. In electron
      micrographs of the initial stage sarcomeres were moderately shortened, the
      sarcoplasmic reticulum was distended and the mitochondria were normal. In the
      plasmalemma holes were found, through which glycogen granules were lost into the
      interstitial tissue. In later stages myofibrils were overcontracted and
      homogenized; in large areas the plasmalemma was absent. Based on these findings a
      hypothesis for the development of waxy degeneration is proposed: locally defects
      of the plasmamembrane cause segmental contracture, glycogen granules and water
      soluble enzymes are lost through holes in the plasma membrane, and finally the
      affected fibre segment becomes necrotic.

PMID- 1202897
TI  - Epileptic activity and anatomical characteristics of different lesions in cat
      cortex. Ultrastructural study.
AB  - Three different types of lesions have been studied in the cortex of the cat, by
      means of electroencephalography and electron microscopy. These three types of
      lesions can be listed in order of increasing magnitude according to their
      capacity to induce abnormal electrical activity: 1.  incision of the cortex gives
      paroxymal activity, 2. intracortical insertion of a resin pellet generates weak
      epileptic activity, 3. intracortical insertion of a colbalt resin pellet 
      produces epileptic activity. A parallel can be drawn between electrophysiological
      and anatomical data: there seems to  be a quantitative relationship between the
      degree of epileptic activity and the extent of perilesional tissue. Furthermore,
      in this perilesional tissue, oedema is observed, the intensity of which varies
      according to the type of lesion. Thus, the epileptic activity of a lesion seems
      to be proportional not only to the volume of the perilesional tissue but also to
      the development of the oedema.

PMID- 1202899
TI  - Serum and Placental lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in
      normal pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia.
AB  - LDH isoenzymes and heat-stable alkaline phosphatase were studied in the serum and
      placental extract of 20 cases of pre-eclampsia and 10 normal pregnancies as a
      control. The starch-gel electrophoretic serum and placental isoenzymogram showed
      that LDH4 and LDH5 were the main isoenzymes in the placenta while LDH1 and LDH2
      were the main isoenzymes in the serum in pre-eclampsia. The electrophoretic serum
      protein pattern in pre-eclamlobulins with decreased albumin fraction, while in
      the placenta, the albumin fraction was increased together with a decrease in the
      alpha-globulins. The electrophoretic pattern of serum alkaline phosphatase showed
      a main band of activity at the B-globulin zone in all cases of normal pregnancy
      and pre-eclampsia. In the placenta, two additional bands were detected.

PMID- 1202898
TI  - Experimental cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils. II. Changes in
      carbohydrates.
AB  - A cerebral ischemia was produced by unilateral ligation of the common carotid
      artery in the neck of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), which are
      frequently characterized by deficiencies in the circulus of Willis.
      Concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and glycogen were measured in the
      hemisphere on the side of occlusion and in the contralateral control hemisphere
      of animals sacrificed after 5, 15 and 30 min, as well as after 1,3,5 and 9 hrs of
      carotid clamping. Significant decrease of glucose, and increase in lactate and
      pyruvate concentration were found in the hemisphere ipsilateral to occlusion; the
      extent of the changes was proportional to the duration of the ischemia. After an
      initial fall, an increase in the glycogen content occurred in the later stages of
      ischemia. Glycogen, glucose, lactate and pyruvate were determined also at 1, 5,
      20 hrs and 1 week intervals following release of an occlusion lasting for 1 hr.
      Return to normal values of glucose and pyruvate was seen at 1 hr after release.
      The lactate and glycogen levels were significantly raised on the occluded side
      after 20 hrs release. An increased level of glycogen was observed as long as 1
      week after a 1-hr carotid occlusion.

PMID- 1202900
TI  - Continuous epidural anaesthesia with a low frequency of instrumental deliveries.
AB  - The results of 204 cases of regional analgesia by means of continuous epidural
      block during labour and delivery are reported. The frequency of instrummental
      intervention using forceps or the vacuum extractor is low, less than 15% for
      primi- and multi-gravidas combined, although pathological conditions were
      recognized prior to blockade in almost one-third of the parturients. Moreover,
      the frequency of emergency Caesarean section has dropped significantly since
      epidural anaesthesia was introduced into the clinic. The 1 min Apgar scores of
      babies born to mothers given epidural anaesthesia are similar to those of babies
      born to mothers receiving conventional analgesic agents. The amount of blood lost
      by mothers given epidural anaesthesia was, on average, 15% less than in a control
      group. It is concluded that the essential feature of our technique of
      administering continuous regional analgesia is a selective block of small pain
      fibres with the deep tactile sensations largely intact, and the motor pathways
      virtually unaffected. This has been achieved using small doses of bupivacaine
      0.25% concentration and meticulous observation of the individual patient.

PMID- 1202901
TI  - Presence of antisperm antibodies in fertile and infertile persons.
AB  - The sera of 70 infertile and 30 fertile couples were tested for the presence of
      sperm agglutinins with Kibrick's macroagglutination technique and Boyden's
      haemagglutination test. 15.7% of the couples studied showed the presence of sperm
      agglutinins (by Kibrick's method) of which 5.7% were from males and 10.0% were
      from females. By the haemagglutination test, 13% of the couples studied were
      found to possess sperm agglutinins, of which 3% were from males and 10% were from
      females. 30 fertile men and women studied for sperm agglutinins were found to be
      negative by both methods. It was also observed that these two tests detected
      different types of sperm agglutinins. The cervical mucus samples from 45 females
      (15 fertile and 30 infertile) were tested for sperm agglutinins with a mucus
      penetration test. 23.1, 16.5, and 57.4% of the samples from infertile females,
      showed 0-degree, 1-degree and 2-degree penetration respectively. In case of
      samples from fertile females, 6.6, 13.2 and 79.2% showed 0-degree, 1-degree and 2
      degree penetration respectively. Addition of serum from infertile females to
      cervical mucus from the infertile female increased the 0-degree penetration
      percent cases to 50%, as compared with 23.1 when only cervical mucus was used.
      Addition of serum from fertile females, or horse serum or pure albumin or
      globulins did not increase the 0-degree penetration cases.

PMID- 1202902
TI  - Studies in cholestasis of pregnancy. V. Gallbladder disease, liver function
      tests, serum lipids and fatty acid composition of serum lecithin in the non
      pregnant state.
AB  - Women from an earlier series of cholestasis of pregnancy (CP) were called for a
      retrospective study to consider presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
      (evaluated by cholecystography), liver function tests, serum lipids and
      lipoproteins and the relative fatty acid composition of serum lecithin (as
      determined by GLC). The attendance in the retrospective study was 60%. Estimated
      on the total series (assuming that none of the non-responders would have a
      positive X-ray), the incidence of gallbladder disease was 23.7%. Among women with
      previous cholestasis of pregnancy and with a positive X-ray finding no
      characteristic changes in liver function tests or serum lipids were revealed. The
      women with positive X-ray had, however, a lower alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol
      than women with negative X-ray. A characteristic finding among women with
      positive X-ray was furthermore the low relative content of palmitic acid (16:0)
      in serum lecithin. Also women with negative X-ray had a lower relative content of
      palmitic acid than controls. It is suggested that the low palmitic acid content
      is expressive of an influence on liver lecithin synthesis pathways and that the
      serum lecithin fatty acid composition reflects similar changes in bile lecithin.
      The "basic defect" in CP influencing liver lecithin synthesis might be the
      primary cause for disturbed cholesterol solubility in bile and of the frequent
      occurrence of gallstones in CP.

PMID- 1202903
TI  - Phospholipids and creatinine in amniotic fluid in relation to gestational age.
AB  - 185 samples of amniotic fluid were obtained from 174 healthy women with
      uncomplicated pregnancies in the 15th-43rd week of pregnancy by abdominal
      amniocentesis or by puncture of the amniotic sac via an amnioscope. The
      concentrations of creatinine (183 cases), phospholipid phosphorus and the ratio
      of lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S-ratio, 130 cases) were determined. The treatment
      of the amniotic fluid samples (centrifugation, filtration and lipid extraction)
      and the methods for the determination of L/S-ratio were examined and the accuracy
      and limitations of the latter method were defined and discussed. The relative
      amounts of lecithin and sphingomyelin as well as the L/S-ratio and creatinine
      concentration were closely correlated to gestational age. A L/S-ratio of greater
      than or equal to 2.25 indicated all women to be greater than or equal to 34th
      week of pregnancy; 64% of them had reached the 38th week. A creatinine
      concentration of greater than or equal to 1.8 mg% corresponded to X greater than
      or equal to 35th week or pregnancy, while 75% of the women had reached at least
      the 38th week. With a L/S-ratio greater than or equal to 2.25 and a creatinine
      concentration greater or equal to 1.8 mg% of all women were greater than or equal
      the 36th week. 71% of the women greater or equal the 38th week fulfilled these
      critiera. A combination of the two parameters seems to be of a great value in
      discrimination between gestational ages less than the 36th week and greater than
      or equal to the 38th week.

PMID- 1202904
TI  - Serum alkaline phosphatase in pregnancy. I. A comparative study of total, L
      phenylanine-sensitive and heat-stable alkaline phosphatase at 56 degrees C and 65
      degrees C in normal pregnancy.
AB  - 312 paired, serial estimations of total, L-phenylalanine-sensitive and heat
      stable alkaline phosphatase (at two temperatures, 56 degrees C and 65 degrees C)
      were performed on sera from 31 pregnant healthy women from 18 weeks to term. Heat
      stable alkaline phosphatase, determined at 65 degrees C, enriched the serum in a
      smooth exponential course throughout the second and third trimester, whereas the
      other enzymic activities investigated showed more irregular increments. There was
      a slight, but significant correlation between total alkaline phosphatase activity
      of the placenta and serum heat-stable alkaline phosphatase at term, whereas there
      was no correlation between the weight of the child at birth and heat-stable
      alkaline phosphatase in the serum of the mother. It is concluded that to test the
      feto-maternal unit, determination of serum alkaline phosphatase should be
      performed at 65 degrees C with due regard to appropriate sampling and
      experimental design.

PMID- 1202905
TI  - On some late effects of bilateral oophorectomy in the age range 15-30 years.
AB  - Between 1910 and 1940, 146 young females, aged 15-30 years, underwent bilateral
      salpingo-oophorectomy as part of a radical operation for salpingo-oophoritis.
      These women or their records were reviewed in 1971. 42 women had died in the
      meantime. More than half (22) of them had died from cardiovascular diseases, 5
      from carcinoma of the uterus and 4 had committed suicide. None had died from
      carcinoma of the breast. Of 68 who were still alive, information by questionnaire
      was obtained and 32 were admitted to hospital for extensive examination. 32 age
      matched women to be operated on for prolapse but with no other known disease of
      the reproductive tract served as controls. A further control group was added as
      11 of the 68 were found to have menstruated again after the operation which had
      evidently not completely removed the gonads. Complete oophorectomy was found to
      have been followed by: (a) an increased incidence of cardiac symptoms and nervous
      diseases as well as an increased use of drugs; (b) a significant increase in the
      frequency of coronary vascular diseases in ages up to 70 years; (c) an increase
      in the serum cholesterol and triglycerides, most significantly in the ages below
      60-65 years. Women with symptomatic coronary disease had a higher serum
      cholesterol level than women without and women with signs of peripheral vascular
      diseases had a significantly higher concentration of serum triglycerides; (d) an
      increased frequency of fractures (radius and femoral neck), increased
      osteoporosis and thinner cortical bone. The brittleness of the skeleton was
      correlated with low excretion of oestrogens in the urine. No vertebral
      compression or abnormal decrease in height was observed. (e) an increased
      adrenocortical activity with significantly increased excretion of 17
      ketosteroids, 17-OH-ketosteroids and low polar total oestrogens. This activity
      abated in women above 65 years. (f) a traumatic psychological experience of the
      accompanying sterility while sexuality seemed to be largely unaffected in many of
      them. Almost half of the women examined by the psychiatrist were unusually
      mentally active and agile and they had a lower excretion of estriol than the
      rest.

PMID- 1202906
TI  - Tubal surgery. Report of 101 cases with special reference to the experience of
      the surgeon.
AB  - A report is given of the results of tubal surgery in 101 cases selected from 851
      sterility patients. The follow-up time was 3-10 years. Ordinary surgical
      technique was applied with the use of prednisolone and antibiotics but largely
      without the use of polyethylene tubing or other splints. Fourteen surgeons were
      involved. Since the most experienced surgeon operated on about 30% of the cases,
      an assessment of the effect of the surgeon's skill was possible. The patients are
      divided into groups with regard to type of operation, and the result is judged
      with regard to conception, live birth, ectopic pregnancy and abortion as well as
      with regard to patency. After salpingolysis the conception rate was 52%, and
      after salpingostomy 32%. There was, however, a gap between the conception rate
      and the live birth rate, especially for the salpingostomy cases. The live birth
      rate was more than twice as high after salpingolysis than after salpingostomy.
      The small lasting effect of cut adhesions is also demonstrated by the observation
      that combined unilateral or bilateral lysis did not interfere with the result
      after salpingostomy. Contrary to this, the patients conceived faster after
      salpingostomy than after salpingolysis. There was no difference between the
      results in the patients operated on by the most experienced surgeon and in those
      treated by the thirteen less skilled gynecologists.

PMID- 1202907
TI  - Methods of calculating uterine blood flow from the wash-out curves of intra
      arterial and local injections of 133Xenon.
AB  - The wash-out curve from the human non-pregnant uterus of intra-arterially and
      locally injected 133Xenon can be broken down into two, sometimes three
      components. It has not been shown that these components are physiologically
      meaningful. However, if it is assumed that the uterus is composed of two or three
      compartments perfused in parallel, it is possible to calculate total blood flow
      per unit weight using relative weights of the compartments and compartment blood
      flows. Relative weights may be determined from the amount of isotope present in
      each compartment at the start of the washout. The possibly false assumption of a
      certain number of compartments has in this study been avoided by evaluating
      curves after intra-arterial injections according to the stochastic method of
      Zierler analysis, disregarding any elimination of isotope left after 20 minutes.
      After local injections initial slope analysis has been used. The equation for
      values according to Zierler as a function of compartment values is y=0.9772x
      0.5921, for modified Zierler analysis values y=1.2582x-2.3993 and for initial
      slope values y=0.8679x-1.3412. The conclusion is that compartment analysis may be
      a good alternative for calculation of mean blood flow, even if it has not been
      shown that individual compartment values are physiologically meaningful.

PMID- 1202908
TI  - Intravascular coagulation in pregnancy--treatment with heparin.
AB  - Two pregnant women with a history of miscarriages or premature labour are
      described. In the 25-27th week of pregnancy routine examinations showed high
      levels of FDP in serum. Subsequent extensive coaggulation studies revealed a
      positive ethanol gelation test, low levels of firbrinogen, plasminogen, alpha2
      macroglobulin and P&P and high level of AHF related protein for the stage of
      pregnancy, i.e. finding indicating abnormal proteolysis with activation of the
      coagulation and fibrinolytic system. Continuous intravenous heparin treatment
      caused the coagulation system to return to normal throughout the rest of
      pregnancy. Both women gave birth to healthy babies without any complications. But
      the placenta showed numerous infarcts. The heparin treatment may have prevented
      later developing of placental dysfunction.

PMID- 1202909
TI  - Prevention of premature delivery in a unicornuate uterus by cervical cerclage.
AB  - A 26-year-old woman had two premature deliveries when 6 months pregnant. Neither
      produced a living child. A hysterosalpingogram was done, confirming a diagnosis
      of unicornuate uterus. When the patient became pregnant again, a third and fourth
      time, cervical cerclage was done in both cases. Pregnancies were terminated by
      cesarean section because of breech presentation and malformation of the uterus
      and in each case a healthy living child was delivered. In our view, in order to
      prevent premature deliveries, when a diagnosis of uterus malformations has been
      confirmed, a cerclage should be performed.

PMID- 1202910
TI  - Inner ear damage and hearing loss after exposure to tones of high intensity.
AB  - Experimental animals (cats) were exposed to tones of 125, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz
      at sound pressure levels in the range 120 to 157.5 dB, and for durations of one
      hour (1000, 2000, 4000 Hz) or four hours (125 Hz). Pure tone audiograms were
      obtained for each animal before and after exposure. Post-exposure tests were
      continued until complete recovery of hearing had occurred or until a stable
      permanent threshold shift had been measured. Cochleas of animals were examined by
      phase-contrast microscopy; condition of all hair cells was recorded. Extent of
      inner-ear damage and range of frequencies for which hearing loss occurred
      increased as exposure tone was decreased in frequency. For example, exposure to
      4000 Hz produced damage in a restricted region of the cochlea and hearing loss
      for a relatively narrow range of frequencies; exposure to 125 Hz produced wide
      spread inner ear damage and hearing loss throughout the frequency range 125 to
      6000 Hz.

PMID- 1202911
TI  - Audiological findings in 125 cases of acoustic neuromas.
AB  - The audiological findings in 125 patients with surgically confirmed acoustic
      neuromas are presented. Following the classification by Pulec et al. (1971) we
      found 20 medium-size and 105 large tumours; small tumours were not represented. A
      clear connection between the degree of hearing loss and tumour size was noted,
      while there was no correlation between duration of history and tumour size. An
      attempted evaluation of the different audiological tests (ABLB and Metz
      recruitment test, speech discrimination scores, tone decay, reflex decay, and
      Bekesy tracings) that were applied to the patients, has been made. Attention is
      called to some audiological findings which, to our knowledge, have not been
      described previously. No patient in the entire material had normal hearing; 73
      had anacusis, and 52 hearing losses of varying degree. In the presence of a
      normal contralateral ear, the evaluation of audiological tests at PTA thresholds
      poorer than 80 dB is rather questionable. Attention was therefore concentrated on
      32 patients with a hearing loss of 80 dB or less. The pathophysiological basis
      for the typical hearing loss in patients with retrocochlear disease is a
      reduction in the number of active fibers in the acoustic nerve and it was to be
      expected that abnormal findings would be present especially in those tests that
      exert the greatest demand on the total transmission capacity of the nerve, in
      other words with the application of intense and/or prolonged sounds. The Metz
      test is just such a procedure and it is not surprising that it shows the highest
      degree of validity between all the tests. No single test suffices to distinguish
      cochlear from retrocochlear disease and it is necessary to use a battery of
      tests. Any unexpected variability in the outcome of ordinary routine test results
      has gradually become one main indication to pursue the diagnosis with more
      elaborate procedures, ant it has been a great help always to apply the Metz test
      as a part of our routine clinical examination.

PMID- 1202912
TI  - Speech discrimination in quiet and in white noise by patients with peripheral and
      central lesions.
AB  - Speech-discrimination scores in quiet and in white noise (O dB S/N ratio) were
      obtained from six groups of subjects. Differences of 40% or more between scores
      in quiet and in white noise were observed for less than 1% of the normal ears
      tested but were found for 8.0% of ears with noise trauma, 48% of ears with
      Meniere's disease, 62% of ears with subsequently surgically confirmed 8th-nerve
      tumors, 14% of ears of patients with multiple sclerosis, and 42% of ears
      contralateral to the lesion in patients with temporal-lobe damage.

PMID- 1202913
TI  - Undistorted and filtered speech audiometry in children with normal hearing.
AB  - Undistorted and filtered speech tests were carried out in 140 test subjects with
      normal hearing acuity ranging in age from 4 to 19 years. Routine adult word lists
      were used in all tests. The intelligibility of undistorted speech rose markedly
      in the age groups from 4 to 9 years and correspondingly in the filtered speech
      test up to 11 years, taking the group 16-19 years as basis of reference.
      According to these results a speech discrimination test can be made in childhood
      with the same methods as in adults, if the norms are taken into account. In the
      filtered speech test the binaural test result and the monaural discrimination
      ability of the left ear were significantly better than the monaural test results
      for the right ear up to the age of 12-13 years.

PMID- 1202914
TI  - Ototoxicity of topically applied gentamicin using a statistical analysis of
      electrophysiological measurement.
AB  - Ototoxicity of topically applied gentamicin was studied in guinea pigs. 0.3%
      gentamicin was instilled in one side of the middle ear cavity and Ringer's
      solution was instilled in the other side, and the difference in the cochlear
      microphonics measured with the round window electrode was analysed statistically.
      Instillation of Ringer's solution in the middle ear cavity for 1 day did not
      cause any significant sensorineural hearing loss, but on the 3rd day of
      instillation significantly reduced responses were observed, compared with the
      responses from non-treated ears, followed by a partial recovery starting on the
      4th day. When gentamicin 0.3% was instilled into the middle ear cavity,
      significant deafness occurred 24 hours later, and highly significant deafness on
      the 2nd and 3rd day. The usage of gentamicin ear drops of the current formula
      should be discouraged until a better formula is provided.

PMID- 1202915
TI  - Firing mechanisms in the single vestibular neurons in the cat.
AB  - Spontaneous unitary discharges in nucleus vestibularis lateralis (NVL) neurons
      were studied in locally anesthetized cats. The mean +/-S.E. firing rate of
      spontaneous unitary discharges of NVL neurons was 19.8 +/- 0.9 Hz. About 12% of
      NVL neurons showed a random firing. The spontaneous unitary discharge rate of the
      gamma distribution at lambda=2 was relativley low. However, the others were high.
      Patterns of peak interval time of the distribution with one peak and the
      interpeak interval time of those with two and three peaks were almost the same.

PMID- 1202916
TI  - The relationship between the nuclear DNA content in smears of aspirates and the
      prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
AB  - Cytophometric analysis of nuclear DNA content was performed in a series of
      mucoepidermoid carcinomas with an extreme difference in the clinical course,
      which was observed during a follow-up period of 6-13 years. The prerequisite for
      such a study was the development of a method, which made it possible to study the
      nuclear DNA content in tumour cells obtained at the time of diagnosis, i.e. 6-13
      years ago in the present material. A special cytochemical procedure with
      destaining of the original Giemsa stain, refixation and subsequent Feulgen
      staining of the smears of aspirates in the original cytological material was
      developed. The cytophotometric nuclear DNA analysis of tumour cells in smears of
      aspirate from mucoepidermoid carcinomas showed that higher ploidy tumours (near
      triploid) had a worse prognosis when compared with near-diploid tumours. These
      data are supported by our previous findings that a shift from a near-diploid to a
      near-triploid DNA content of the tumour cell nuclei was associated with the
      prognostic important property of invasive growth. Thus, the cytophotometric
      nuclear DNA analysis of aspirated tumour cells seems to give valuable information
      about the malignancy degree of the individual tumour, which is not possible to
      obtain only from the cytomorphological features.

PMID- 1202917
TI  - The patency of the maxillary ostium in relation to body posture.
AB  - Eleven subjects were investigated concerning the effect of postural changes on
      the functional size of the maxillary ostium. The ostial size expressed as the
      percentage of the initial value decreased only slightly when the body position
      was altered from 90 degrees (sitting) to 30 degrees, while the decrease between
      30 degrees and 0 degrees (lying) was more pronounced. A cuff around the neck
      inflated to 25 mmHg gave a decrease corresponding to a value of 20 degrees body
      position. Insufficient ventilation of the paranasal sinuses when lying down may
      result, especially in cases already having small ostia in the sitting position.

PMID- 1202919
TI  - Mucosal malignant melanomas of the head and neck with special reference to cases
      having a prolonged clinical course.
AB  - A histological re-examination and re-classification of primary mucosal tumours of
      the head and neck region, treated at Radiumhemmet and Karolinska Sjukhuset during
      the period 1927-1970, revealed that 41 tumours were malignant melanomas. All
      these 41 tumours were located in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and oral
      cavity and not a single case of primary mucosal malignant melanoma was found in
      other locations of the head and neck region. In the present study, the long-term
      prognosis has been analysed. The follow-up period was at least 5 years and ranged
      up to 48 years. It was found that mucosal malignant melanomas had a very poor
      prognosis with a five year survival rate of 17% (7 of the total 41 cases) and a
      ten year survival rate of 7% (3 of the total of 41 cases). The unpredictability
      of the clinical behaviour of this tumour type is elucidated by cases with a
      prolonged clinical course despite a primary relatively limited surgery, repeated
      local recurrences and regional lymph node metastases in an early stage of the
      disease. Thus, there is always a never-ceasing risk of death in the tumour
      disease when once a malignant melanoma has occurred. For this reason a meticulous
      and lifelong follow-up of tumour patients is stressed, and also the value of
      repeated surgery of local recurrences and regional lymph node metastases.

PMID- 1202918
TI  - Olfactory neuroblastoma.
AB  - A case of olfactory neuroblastoma, type 1 (olfactory neurocytoma), in a 44-year
      old man is described. The tumour grew extensively in the right nasal cavity with
      involvement of the maxillary sinus and ethmoidal region, but was radically
      removed at operation. The prognosis and treatment are discussed in the light of
      earlier literature.

PMID- 1202921
TI  - Laser therapy of human benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin.
AB  - Radiation of a powerful neodymium-doped glass pulsed laser, Pulsar-1000 type, has
      been used for therapy of 235 patients with a total of 257 precancerous lesions
      and benign tumours, 76 basal and squamous cell carcinomas, 13 melanoblastomas and
      59 metastatic melanoblastomas in the skin. Energy density used in the treatment
      of precancerous lesions and benign tumours was 200-450 J/cm2, in basal and
      squamous cell carcinomas 400-500 J/cm2, in melanoblastomas and their skin
      metastases 800-1 000 J/cm2. The results have been satisfactory.

PMID- 1202920
TI  - Thyroplasty type I (lateral compression) for dysphonia due to vocal cord
      paralysis or atrophy.
AB  - Based on the experimental results of thyroplasty, thyroplasty type I which aims
      at medical shifting the vocal cord was performed on 8 patients with dysphonia, 6
      with vocal cord paralysis and 2 with vocal cord atrophy. The surgery was
      conducted on either in- or out-patient basis and local anesthesia was used.
      Usually, a rectangular incision was made on the thyroid cartilage at the level of
      the vocal cord, and the fragmemt was depressed inward. A cartilage piece taken
      from the opposite side was used as a wedge, if necessary, to enhance the effect
      of lateral compression of the vocal cord. The voice after surgery was generally
      satisfactory, except in one case of traumatic vocal cord paralysis. Complications
      such as stridor or dyspnea were nil. As surgical intervention inside the thyroid
      cartilage is minimal, fine and reliable adjustment of depression is possible
      during the surgery.

PMID- 1202922
TI  - Mass-screening of a female population for detection of early carcinoma of the
      breast.
AB  - In 1969-1970 a breast mass-screening was undertaken in Gavle, with thermography
      and questionnaire. Mammary radiography and clinical examination of subjects with
      abnormal screening reports and of a group of normal subjects were performed. In
      spite of having achieved early detection of malignant tumours in many cases with
      a preponderance of carcinoma cases in the abnormal group, thermography was found
      to have considerable drawbacks as a screening method.

PMID- 1202923
TI  - Hormonal treatment of mammary carcinoma with Progynon-Depot and Depostat.
AB  - The results of combined treatment with 90 mg estradiol valerianate and 300 mg 17
      alpha-hydroxy-19-norprogesterone-capronate (SH 834) (3 ml once a week i.m.) in
      117 cases with disseminated or inoperable mammary carcinoma are reported.
      Objective remissions of 3 to 36 months were obtained in 48 patients. Soft tissue,
      lung and pleura metastases responded more favourably than bone metastases. Liver
      and brain metastases were unaffected.

PMID- 1202924
TI  - Trials to differentiate thyroid tumours by the use of 99Tcm-Solcocitran.

PMID- 1202925
TI  - Epidermoid carcinoma of the lip. Histologic grading in the clinical evaluation.
AB  - A retrospective microscopic evaluation of primary biopsies was carried out in a
      material of 438 patients with carcinoma of the lip. A multifactorial grading
      system consisting of 8 parameters, each sub-divided into 4 grades, was used. The
      degree of malignancy showed a statistically significant correlation to the
      frequency of metastases, frequency of recurrence or residual tumour, mortality
      and T classification. This grading system may allow a separation of risk groups
      in which special treatment and follow-up should be applied.

PMID- 1202926
TI  - Skin reactions after different fractionation schedules giving the same cumulative
      radiation effect.
AB  - The CRE formula was used for calculation of biologically equivalent radiation
      doses with different fractionation schedules. The early radiation effects, skin
      erythema and pigmentation were measured with a reflectance spectrophotometer at
      wavelengths 578 and 660 nm. The course and maximum for both erythema and
      pigmentation agreed well with the two types of fractionation. The results seem to
      justify further use of this simple formula.

PMID- 1202927
TI  - Influence of oestrogen on the excretion of strontium-90 and -85 in mice.
AB  - Groups of male CBA-mice were treated with oestrogenic hormones alone or in
      combination with 85Sr and 90Sr. The strontium retention was measured in special
      skeleton parts and also by means of whole body counting. After a period of
      increasing bone weight in mice treated with oestrogen and 90Sr, there were signs
      of a serious breakdown of that newly formed 'oestrogenic' bone tissue. The
      strontium retention was in no case found higher in animals treated with both the
      hormones and 90Sr when compared to those treated with 90Sr alone. The life span
      was shortened in mice given the combined treatment. The results support the
      theories that at the same time irradiated and stimulated cell populations are
      exposed to a larger risk for induction of tumours and that the irradiation injury
      cannot be referred entirely to the irradiation dose in a physical sense.

PMID- 1202928
TI  - [Development of the gonads and gonaducts in the polypterids (Pisces)].
AB  - No study of the development of the gonads and gonoducts in Polypterus has ever
      been made in a more or less complete way. The present study does not fill up this
      gap, but repairs several lacks of knowledge, by putting clear a few items that
      may contribute to a better understanding of this development. In larvae between
      5,5 mm and 9,6 mm the primary gonocytes appear under the pronephric ducts in the
      anterior region of the opisthonephros. A genital crest is foreshadowed there; one
      of its characteristics is a cubial epithelium. The latter does not have any
      relation with peritoneal channels and it does not contribute to the formation of
      gonocytes. In the following stages the gonocytes get very numerous because of
      cellular multiplication. They cause a local transformation of the genital crest
      into a genital fold; when the number of gonocytes has increased very much, a part
      of the fold gets transformated into a gonad. At no stage is there any intrusion
      of medullary tissue into this gonad anlage.

PMID- 1202930
TI  - Medical guest editorial: The oral diabetic drug controversy.

PMID- 1202929
TI  - Propranolol in hypertension.

PMID- 1202931
TI  - Neck injuries in football players.

PMID- 1202933
TI  - The correspondence between some motor points and acupuncture loci.
AB  - A double blind study was conducted to establish the possible correspondence
      between some motor points and acupuncture loci. The protocol calls for the
      acupuncturist marking the first group of volunteers with invisible ink at the
      acupuncture loci. Then the motor points in the same volunteer are found by
      electrodiagnosis. The error is made visible by UV illumination. In the second
      group, the procedure is reversed. A statistical analysis of the error yields the
      following classes of correspondences: (a) Excellent: 1st Dorsal Interosseus
      (hand) = LI-4; Abductor Pollicis Brevis = Lu-10; Abductor Minimi Digiti = SI-4;
      1st Dorsal Interosseus (foot) = LI-3; Tibialis Anterior = Curious Locus;
      Orbicularis Oculi = GB-1; Frontalis = GB-14; Splenius Capitis = GB-20;
      Sternocleidomastoid = LI-18; Semi Spinalis Capitis = BI-10. (b) Good: Opponens
      Pollicis = Curious Locus; Peroneus Longus = Curious Locus; Flexor Digitorum
      Longus = Ki-3 (Ki-6); Trapezius (upper) = GB-21; Rectus Abdominis = Ki-15; Vastus
      Medialis = Sp-10.

PMID- 1202932
TI  - Initiating contractions of the gravid uterus through electro-acupuncture.
AB  - This is a report on 35 patients on whom electro-acupuncture was tested as a
      method of initiating contractions. In all cases the membranes remained intact up
      to the end of the electro-acupuncture. Before the electro-acupuncture none of the
      patients had experienced any labor pains. The subjective reports were checked by
      planimetric evaluation of the tocogram curves. A statistical comparison of the
      values before and after electro-acupuncture was undertaken. Thirty-one cases
      evidenced certain increase in the intensity of labor contraction frequency (p
      less than 0.01). Amniotomy was performed immediately after the electro
      acupuncture on 31 cases. In a control group likewise consisting of 35 gravidae
      with intact membranes, no electro-acupuncture was performed. In this control
      group no significant increase in labor activity could be observed. If amniotomy
      was performed on gravidae with contractions induced by electro-acupuncture, there
      was no latent period to be observed. Through avoidance of a lengthened latent
      period after amniotomy, fetal jeopardy during labor induction can be reduced.

PMID- 1202934
TI  - Acupuncture analgesia in China.
AB  - A delegation of ten Canadian anaesthetists visited the People's Republic of China
      in April and May 1974 and observed 87 surgical and 19 dental operations under
      acupuncture analgesia. In 80% of the cases observed the analgesia appeared
      adequate for the conduct of the planned surgery. The utilization of acupuncture
      analgesia varied from hospital to hospital; surgeons and anaesthetists appeared
      to have confidence in using it in a limited number of planned surgical
      operations. The technique of induction varied from hospital to hospital, but a
      certain pattern became apparent; body needling was related to the site of
      operation and also based on ancient theories; using loci unrelated to the
      operative site, para-incisional needles were used to produce skin analgesia; ear
      needling alone was used in 19 cases and nose needling in one. No premedication 
      was given for short cases and dental extractions. Most hospitals used electrical
      stimulation; in one institution needles were left in place during induction and
      throughout surgery without stimulation with equal results. A considerable degree
      of analgesia appeared to be present immediately post-operative and patients moved
      without concern for the operative site. It was felt that acupuncture analgesia
      represents n China an alternative to regional anaesthesia and that surgeons adapt
      their technique to the conscious patient in the operating room. It is essential
      that the patient cooperate and is prepared and motivated to withstand the
      emotional stress and unpleasant sensations associated with the surgery. Problems
      include inadequate suppression of visceral pain, lack of muscle relaxation and
      inadequate analgesia. In the author's opinion acupuncture analgesia has a very
      limited scope in our practice; it is time consuming and imposes considerable
      restrictions on the surgeon. However, the phenomenon is real and its
      investigation should contribute to a better understanding of the function of the
      nervous system.

PMID- 1202935
TI  - The effect of acupuncture on essential hypertension.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients with essential hypertension were treated with acupuncture
      therapy. Sixteen showed excellent improvement in terms of the lowering of blood
      pressure to normal and the disappearance of original symptoms. Eight had moderate
      improvement and 4 showed no response. The results of treatment seem to indicate
      that improvement is closely related to the duration of disease and the history of
      drug treatment. The selection of acupuncture loci and the techniques of needle
      insertion and manipulation are discussed in detail.

PMID- 1202936
TI  - A summary of research concerning the effects of acupuncture.

PMID- 1202938
TI  - Fibrinolytic activity in aneurysmal bone cysts.
AB  - Euglobulin fibrinolytic activity of cyst fluid from six patients with aneurysmal
      bone cysys was considerably higher than that of arterial and venous blood of the
      corresponding patients. The high fibrinolytic activity was associated with a very
      low concentration of fibrinogen and a low concentration of plasminogen.
      Correspondingly, a high plasminogen activator activity was found in cyst tissue
      related to endothelial lining. It is suggested that fibrinolysis is an important
      factor in the maintenance and expansion of the aneurysmal bone cyst.

PMID- 1202937
TI  - Cellular composition of the nipple aspirate specimen of breast fluid. I. The
      benign cells.
AB  - A nipple aspirator device was used to obtain breast secretions for cytologic
      examination, as well as for viral and biochemical analysis. Examination of the
      first 1,456 specimens from 796 women revealed ductal epithelium in 54%. Ductal
      epithelial cells were often absent in specimens from normal women; however, 78.5%
      of women with benign breast disease on tissue biopsy had specimens containing
      ductal epithelium. Apocrine metaplastic cells were a further indication of the
      presence of breast disease, and were rarely found in specimens from asymptomatic
      women. Foam cells were often abundant in specimens from normal breasts, but were
      found in decreased numbers in specimens from women benign breast disease.
      Differences in the occurrence of ductal epithelial cells, apocrine metaplastic
      cells, and foam cells suggest an alteration in the rate of maturation of ductal
      epithelium in women with both benign and malignant breast disease. The finding of
      a relative abundance of cells in nipple aspirate specimens from women with breast
      disease and few or no cells in specimens from women with normal breasts is
      believed to be of great importance in the cytologic evaluation of nipple aspirate
      specimens.

PMID- 1202939
TI  - Quantitative one-stage assays for factors V and X.
AB  - The relative sensitivities of the prothrombin time, Russell's viper venom time
      and activated partial thromboplastin time were determined in one-stage
      quantitative assays for factor V and factor X. Sensitivity was defined as the
      slope of the reference curve. The prothrombin time was the most sensitive test
      for factor X and the least sensitive for factor V. The Russell's viper venom time
      was the most sensitive test for factor V and least sensitive for factor X. The
      activated partial thromboplastin time approximated the sensitivity of Russell's
      viper venom for factor V and had intermediate sensitivity for factor X. The data
      indicate that factor V is best quantitated by the Russell's viper venom time and
      factor X by the prothrombin time, exactly the opposite of what is customarily
      done.

PMID- 1202940
TI  - Letters to the editor: Antithrombin and antithromboplastin activity accompanying
      IgG myeloma.

PMID- 1202941
TI  - Letter: Morphologic identification of pathogenic yeasts.

PMID- 1202942
TI  - Normative and parametric analyses of school maladjustment.
AB  - Format and instructional revisions were made in the TRF, a previously reported
      school adjustment measure, to extend its diagnostic, prescriptive, and empirical
      utility. Factor analyses of school adjustment ratings on the revised CARS with a
      normative sample of "healthy" primary graders demonstrated that while the
      revisions maintained the scale's original three-factor structure, they increased
      specific item factor loadings and accounted scale variance. To extend the
      screening utility of the proposed measure, normative and parametric comparisons
      are reported describing adjustment ratings for sex, age, and city/country
      subgroups. Comparisons of children who are or are not referred to a secondary
      prevention program provide evidence of the CARS discriminative validity and
      screening potential.

PMID- 1202943
TI  - Job design variables as change measures in a correctional facility.
AB  - The importance of working conditions is stressed as a neglected area of concern
      in human service organizations. The present investigation attempts to demonstrate
      the utility of the concept of job design dimensions as evaluative measures of
      change in a correctional facility for delinquent youth. Staff were administered a
      modified version of the Hackman/Lawler Job Design Inventory at two time periods
      separated by an interval of 14 months. Staff who were participants in an
      innovative institutional change program at both times were compared with staff
      who were not participants at Time I but were at Time II. The results provide
      support for the notion that examination of the perceptions of working conditions
      by employees may be an important method for assessing institutional change.

PMID- 1202944
TI  - The community psychologist as social planner. Designing optimal environments.
AB  - The environmental movement may provide a vehicle by which community psychologists
      can contribute to large-scale ecological change. This paper uses one outgrowth of
      the environmental movement--the environmental impact assessment process--to
      illustrate the procedures for input by community psychologists can participate in
      the environmental impact assessment process to (1) predict the effects of any new
      project on the demand for treatment services and (2) suggest ways in which a
      project may be designed to prevent psychological problems and enhance community
      well-being.

PMID- 1202945
TI  - The prediction of "shows" and "no-shows" to a crisis center: a replication.
AB  - The relationship between measures of worker effectiveness in a therapeutic
      telephone intervention and whether a caller shows for a scheduled appointment can
      be used to assess the variables that contribute to "successful" telephone
      counseling. This study replicated the findings of a previous investigation in
      showing that the motivation of a caller in response to the question of a referral
      was positively correlated with "showing" for the appointment. Futher, the
      identification of a specific problem related negatively to the caller's response
      to the referral. However, the concreteness of the phone worker was not correlated
      with whither the scheduled appointment was kept by the caller.

PMID- 1202946
TI  - Selecting nonprofessional counselor trainees with the Group Assessment of
      Interpersonal Traits (GAIT).
AB  - The GAIT is a procedure for sampling and measuring communication behavior.
      Candidates for a counselor-training program (136 Ss; 86% women; average age 44
      yr.) took the GAIT in 18 groups and completed written forms for staff screening.
      Data included pre-GAIT first impression peer ratings and GAIT Empathy.
      Acceptance, and Openness ratings by peers and by trained audiotape judges. After
      nine months of training, 26 remaining Ss were judged on a counseling readiness
      criterion. First impression and peer GAIT ratings were positively
      intercorrelated, but none predicted counseling readiness. The criterion was
      correlated with both trained GAIT Empathy (Kendall tau = .40) and staff ratings
      (.41. both ps less than .01). Suggestions were made for using the GAIT as a
      counselor selection instrument.

PMID- 1202947
TI  - A competency-based curriculum for training middle-level community--clinical
      psychologists.
AB  - The focus of this paper is to delineate the basic skills that might be
      appropriate for a community--clinical psychologist.. The need for competent
      professionals to deliver mental health services has exceeded the capacity of
      existing training programs. Current training emphasis is aimed at providing a
      community--clinical psychologist on the middle level who would have a set of
      skills or competencies that would easily identify him as a psychologist

PMID- 1202948
TI  - International studies in epidemiology.

PMID- 1202949
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living
      in Japan, Hawaii and California: introduction.
AB  - It has been observed that among men of Japanese ancestry, there is a gradient in
      CHD mortality increasing from Japan to Hawaii to California. A study of 11,900
      Japanese men in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, Honolulu, Hawaii, and the San
      Francisco Bay Area of California has been conducted to investigate this disease
      difference. This paper describes the selection of the study populations and their
      age distributions, and outlines the study methods. This paper also introduces and
      briefly summarizes four papers that give the results for mortality comparisons,
      biochemical and blood pressure distributions and results for heart disease
      prevalence among the three cohorts.

PMID- 1202950
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living
      in Japan, Hawaii and California: mortality.
AB  - Stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD) and total mortality are evaluated from death
      certificates in enumerated cohorts of 45-64-year old Japanese men in Hiroshima
      and Nagasaki (1965-1970), in Homolulu (1966-1970), and in the San Francisco area
      (1968-1972). Total mortality is highest in Japan with no consistent differences
      between Japanese Americans in Homolulu and San Francisco. Age-specific CHD death
      rates are markedly lower in all three Japanese groups than in American whites.
      The CHD rates are consistently and significantly lower in Japan that in American
      Japanese. Stroke death rates for American Japanese men appear equivalent to
      figures for US white men of the same age, but are significantly lower than in the
      Japan cohort for the 60-64-year-old group. The number of stroke deaths below that
      age are too few as yet for analysis. Validation of mortality ascertainment and of
      the accuracy of death certification has been carried out in Japan and in Hawaii.
      The international differences in mortaltiy do not appear to be due to
      certification or other methodologic artifact.

PMID- 1202951
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living
      in Japan, Hawaii and California: distribution of biochemical risk factors.
AB  - Distributions of serum cholesterol, glucose, uric acid and triglycerides are
      examined among Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California. Laboratory
      methods are described in detail and efforts to assure comparability of these
      methods. In every age group studied, the mean, median and percentile for each of
      the biochemical variables are lower for men in Japan than in Hawaii and
      California.

PMID- 1202952
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living
      in Japan, Hawaii and California: blood pressure distributions.
AB  - Blood pressure measurements were made on three Japanese populations residing in
      Japan, Honolulu, and Northern California. A common protocol was utilized in an
      effort to standardize inter-observer variability. Zero terminal digit preference
      varied among the three areas and there was differential clustering of diastolic
      values at 80 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg in Hawaii and California, respectively. Diastolic
      blood pressure did not rise with age in any of the three populations while
      systolic blood pressure rose in each. Blood pressure levels in Japanese in Japan
      were intermediate to those in Hawaiian and Northern California Japanese,
      California having the higher blood pressure levels. Since the relative weights of
      the Japanese migrants to Hawaii and California were substantially higher than the
      relative weights of the non-migrant populations in Japan, the blood pressures
      were adjusted for these differences. When this was done, most of the differences
      among the various study subgroups were explained. The findings indicate that the
      blood pressure distributions of the Japanese populations residing in Japan,
      Hawaii, and Northern California cannot of themselves account for the observed
      differences in coronary heart disease and stroke occurrence among these
      populations in which there is a gradient from high stroke rates in Japan to low
      rates in California and a reverse trend for coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1202953
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living
      in Japan, Hawaii and California: prevalence of coronary and hypertensive heart
      disease and associated risk factors.
AB  - A study of coronary heart disease (CHD) among Japanese migrants compared with
      Japanese living in Japan provided the opportunity to study factors possibly
      responsible for the high rates of CHD in America as compared with Japan.
      Comparable methods were employed in examining 11,900 men of Japanese ancestry
      aged 45--69 living in Japan, Hawaii and California. The age-adjusted prevalence
      rates for definite CHD as determined by ECG were: Japan 5.3, Hawaii 5.2 and
      California 10.8/1000. For definite plus possible CHD the rates were 25.4, 34.7
      and 44.6. The prevalence of angina pectoris and pain of possible myocardial
      infarction, determined by questionnaire, showed a similar gradient. Elevated
      serum cholesterol showed a Japan-Hawaii-California gradient, but the prevalence
      of hypertension in Japan was intermediate between the prevalence in Hawaii and
      the higher prevalence in California. The three geographic locations were compared
      as to prevalence of CHD at comparable levels of blood pressure and cholesterol.
      At each blood pressure level and at each cholesterol level, the greater
      prevalence of CHD in California persisted. These facts, plus the near
      universality of smoking in Japan, suggest that conventional risk factors only
      partly explain the observed gradient in CHD.

PMID- 1202954
TI  - Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Latino residents of Chicago.
AB  - In 1970, 250,000 Spanish-speaking persons resided in Chicago, 80,000 of whom were
      Puerto Rican. Because migration to Chicago is constantly occurring from areas
      where intestinal parasites are endemic, a survey was conducted in a predominantly
      Puerto Rican neighborhood to determine the prevalence of these parasites and to
      provide impetus for further case finding and treatment programs. The survey was
      part of an epidemiologic and cutreach workers going door-to-door obtained
      histories, hematocrits, and single stool specimens from 358 individuals. An
      overall intestinal parasite prevalence rate of 18.6% (67 persons) was found.
      Specific rates were Trichuris trichiura 13.9% (50 cases), hookworm 6.6% (24
      cases), Giardia lamblia (3.9% (14 cases), and Strongyloides stercoralis 1.7% (6
      cases). There were no cases of Ascaris lumbricoides or ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA,
      Although several nonpathogenic protozoa were found. The most affected age groups
      were 15--24 years followed by 5--14. Two of the Giardia cases were individuals
      never out of the continental United States. An incidental finding was a high rate
      of low hematocrit readings not correlated with the parasite findings.

PMID- 1202955
TI  - Serosurvey for "acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis" virus (Enterovirus 70)
      antibodies in the Southeastern United States, with review of the literature and
      some epidemiologic implications.
AB  - Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) has been epidemic throughout much of the
      Eastern Hemisphere since its emergence in central West Africa in 1969. The
      disease had a distinctive clinical picture and an unusual geographic
      epidemiology. Between 1969 and 1975 AHC has occurred almost exclusively in
      crowded coastal areas of tropical countries during hot, rainy seasons. Only a few
      documented outbreaks have occurred in inland cities and in subtropical or
      temperate climate zones. Of 1014 residents of the eastern or southeastern United
      States who were screende for neutralizing antibodies to three or four strains of
      AHC virus (enterovirus type 70), three (0.3%) had titers ranging from 1:10 to
      1:40. However, no clinical evidence of prior experience with AHC disease could be
      ascertained for these persons, so that the antigenic specificity of the detected
      antibodies is unknown. We conclude that populations of coastal tropical areas of
      northern South America and all of Central America are vulnerable to AHC
      epidemics.

PMID- 1202956
TI  - Epidemic hepatitis B: a sustained outbreak in a large military population.
AB  - A sustained outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred at an Army base in Texas between
      January 1971 and June 1973. Seven hundred ninety-two admissions but no deaths
      were recorded in a military population of 35,000. Cases were sporadic, with
      highest attack rates in low-ranking soldiers with disciplinary problems. Twenty
      nine per cent of patients had histories of intravenous drug use within six months
      prior to  hospitalization; most of the rest had close personal contact with
      jaundiced persons. Of 505 patients tested, 31% were seropositive for hepatitis B
      antigen (HBSAg) by counterelectrophoresis. Comparison of 38 hepatitis patients
      (cases) to 34 orthopedic patients (controls) revealed marked differences in rates
      of exposure to jaundiced persons are shared needles. Sixteen (94%) of 17
      antigenemic cases tested were of subtype ayw. Seven (78%) of nine NBSAg-negative
      cases tested were antibody (anti-HBS) positive three months later.

PMID- 1202957
TI  - The Tecumseh Study of Respiratory Illness. IX. Occurence of influenza in the
      community, 1966--1971.
AB  - The occurrence of types A and B influenza infections was determined by isolation
      and serology over six years among residents of Tecumseh, Michigan. By isolation,
      there was evidence of type A infection for a limited period during each year of
      the study; most rises in titer were detected during the periods of viral
      isolation, but some also occurred out of season. Outbreaks of type B infection
      were encountered three times during the six-year period and out of season
      infections were less frequently seen than with type A. Infection rates with type
      A were relatively flat over the age range, with high rates seen in infants and
      small children; in contrast, highest infection rates with type B were observed in
      the 5--14-year-olds. On examination of illness rates, it was found that some of
      the outbreaks wound have gone undetected if surveillance techniques for infection
      had not been in operation. Frequency of respiratory illness with activity
      restriction was taken as a guide to influenza virus activity during outbreaks; it
      was found that highest rates of such illnesses occurred among the 1--4-year-olds
      for type A outbreaks, and among the 5--9-year-olds during mixed or type B
      outbreaks.

PMID- 1202958
TI  - Karen Horney's theory in today's world.

PMID- 1202959
TI  - The effect of group therapy on compulsive homosexuality in men and women.

PMID- 1202960
TI  - A family approach to psychological services.

PMID- 1202961
TI  - Drug-induced psychoses ... or schizophrenia?

PMID- 1202962
TI  - Healing through meeting: a dialogical approach to psychotherapy. Part II.

PMID- 1202963
TI  - Symptom substitution in a male hysteric.

PMID- 1202964
TI  - Love: addiction or road to self-realization?

PMID- 1202965
TI  - Marital relationships: frustration and fulfillment.

PMID- 1202966
TI  - The blame of dying young.

PMID- 1202967
TI  - The tethered conus.
AB  - The tethered conus is a real and treatable entity. It presents with a variable
      though fairly constant symptom complex. The diagnosis is probably not even
      considered in many patients with this condition. Recognition of the possibility
      of this condition by both the clinician and radiologist is needed. Properly
      performed oil or air myelography is the only method of preoperative confirmation
      of a tethered conus and should be done in all cases where it is suspected.

PMID- 1202968
TI  - Roentgen recognition of acute plastic bowing of the forearm in children.
AB  - Traumatic bowing of one or both forearm bones in children represents an acute
      plastic deformation of bone. Plastic curvatures have been produced in the dog
      ulna, but have been recognized only recently in man. The biomechanics and
      histologic changes of the experimental model explain the roentgenological
      features found in children with traumatically bowed bones: (1) broad fixed
      curvatures which hold fractures in angulation and resist orthopedic reduction;
      (2) absence of periosteal new bone formation following the injury; and (3)
      partial correction of the plastic corvature by cortical remodeling in young
      children. In a series of 17 patients, eight children had bowing of the ulna with
      an angulated fracture of the radius, five had bowing of the radius with an
      angulated ulna fracture, and four children had both the radius and ulna bowed
      without fracture. Manipulative reduction in the majority of children with
      fractures failed to reduce the plastic curvature, causing partial loss of
      pronation and supination.

PMID- 1202969
TI  - Drowning: another plunge.
AB  - Hypoxia, pulmonary edema, acidosis, and aspiration compose the syndrome of near
      drowning. A review of 20 cases of near drowning indicated that the initial chest
      roentgenogram bears little weight in assessing the present or future clinical
      status. In some cases a 24 to 48 hour delay occurred before roentgenographic
      evidence for pulmonary edema was noted. The composition of fluid aspirated does
      not affect the outcome. The results of this report suggest that patients with a
      history of near drowning should be followed closely for at least 48 hours despite
      an initial normal chest roentgenogram.

PMID- 1202970
TI  - Arteriomegaly.
AB  - Arteriomegaly describes tortuous, ectatic, irregular vessels with prolonged blood
      flow. Seven cases of this entity are outlined with representative case reports.
      The increased incidence of aneurysms, thrombosis and embolization is noted in
      this and other series. The possibility that tortuous vessels may be confused with
      aneurysms on examination is also discussed. Due to the prolongation of blood
      flow, adequate arteriographic evaluation may be quite difficult.

PMID- 1202971
TI  - Dissecting aneurysm of thoracic aorta: reappraisal of radiologic diagnosis.
AB  - In a series of 24 cases of acute dissecting aneurysm of the aorta (not including
      Marfan's disease) the diagnosis was usually suspected on the basis of the
      clinical picture and plain chest roentgenograms. The most consistent clinical
      sign was severe pain. Absent pulses and a neurological deficit were each noted in
      only five patients. In many cases there was no correlation between the clinical
      picture and the type or the extent of the dissection. Widening of the aortic arch
      and obliteration of the aortic knob with displacement of the trachea to the right
      are the most common signs in plain chest roentgenograms. A barium swallow
      examination in these cases reveals an elongated compression and displacement of
      the esophagus by the aortic arch. Calcification in the area of the aortic arch is
      the exception rather than the rule in dissecting aneurysms. Angiography is
      essential for the definitive diagnosis of dissecting aneurysms. The diagnosis is
      based on the demonstration of two channels, either by the presence of a linear
      radiolucency separating the two lumens, or by differences in flow that present as
      delayed opacification or delayed washout. If only the true lumen is opacified,
      widening of the outer extraluminal border of the aorta or narrowing of the lumen
      indicates the presence of a dissection. Abnormal catheter recoil and position
      were helpful in only two cases, and are not informative when the false lumen is
      catheterized. Failure to visualize main aortic branches was not always due to
      involvement by the dissection. It can also be caused by reduced flow due to
      severe proximal compression of the main lumen. The exact location of the intimal
      tears is usually not demonstrated unless additional injections are made in the
      area assumed to contain the tear. If only the false lumen is opacified in the
      ascending aorta, this can be recognized by the demonstration of a blind end, by
      failure to visualize the sinuses of Valsalva, from flattening of the medial
      border of the opacified channel, and from delayed washout in the blind end.

PMID- 1202972
TI  - Roentgenology of sinus of Valsalva aneurysms.
AB  - Aneurysms of the sinuses of Valsava are neither rare nor always fatal. They are
      of three types: congenital, acquired, and associated with cystic medial necrosis.
      Each can be recognized by its characteristic appearance on plain roentgenograms
      and arteriography. With surgical repair, the congenital type and that which is
      the result of cystic medial necrosis carry a good prognosis for the patient. With
      the acquired type, usually syphilitic, the prognosis with conservative management
      is good.

PMID- 1202973
TI  - Angiographic features of Cimono-Brescia fistulas.
AB  - Forty-four patients with operatively created arteriovenous fistulas have been
      examined angiographically. Widening of the main arteries of the forearm was
      evident, the most pronounced widening occurring in the artery feeding the
      fistula. Stenosis of the arteries or veins seldom influenced the flow
      significantly. Blood from the fistula was often partly or totally directed into
      the hand. In nine patients filling of deep veins was evident, and in most of
      these cases big fistulas were present. A rough estimate of the blood supply to
      the hand indicated poor supply in eight patients of which only one had symptoms
      of ischemia. Brachial angiography is of value in estimation of the blood flow in
      fistulas, when cannulation of veins is difficult, when thrombosis is suspected,
      or when a new fistula is planned after decreased function of an old one.

PMID- 1202975
TI  - The role of lymphangiography in chylothorax. A report of six nontraumatic cases.
AB  - Six cases of nontraumatic chylothorax secondary to filariasis, postinflammatory
      thoracic duct obstruction, idiopathic lymphangiectasis with lymph node
      hypoplasia, lymphangioma and lymphoma (2 cases) are reported. All cases were
      studied by lymphangiography, which provided considerable diagnostic information.
      In those cases which are undiagnosed at the time the chylothorax is discovered, a
      lymphangiogram should be carried out prior to any therapeutic measures.

PMID- 1202976
TI  - Peripheral vascular perfusion scanning. Correlation with the arteriogram and
      clinical assessment in the patient with peripheral vascular disease.
AB  - Peripheral vascular perfusion scan during rest and reactive hyperemia does not
      necessarily offer the same information as the arteriogram or the clinical
      assessment of the peripheral pulses. The information obtained from the peripheral
      vascular perfusion scan offers potentially clinically useful information
      regarding the physiologic significance of various arterial lesions to the surgeon
      in selection of his therapeutic approach. The peripheral vascular perfusion scan
      uniquely and under varied physiologic conditions permits assessment of the effect
      of arterial disease on the distribution of perfusion within the extremity. The
      peripheral vascular perfusion scan is not in competition with, but is
      complementary to, arteriography and clinical assessment of the patient with
      peripheral vascular disease.

PMID- 1202974
TI  - The cervical aortic arch.
AB  - Cervical aortic arch anomaly is a rare congenital entity. The aortic arch extends
      into the soft tissues of the neck before turning downward on itself to become the
      descending aorta. Nineteen cases have been previously reported in the world
      literature with one more presently in publication. We have collected six
      additional cases, in four of which the cervical arch was located on the left.
      Formerly the left cervical aortic arch was felt to be much less common than the
      right. It now appears that they have equal incidence. Four of our cases were also
      associated with cardiac anomalies, and this coincidence has not been previously
      reported.

PMID- 1202977
TI  - Experience in parathyroid scanning.
AB  - In our experience, the low success rate of 75Se parathyroid studies does not
      justify continuance of the test as a routine diagnostic procedure. The initial
      results using the 99mTc O4--131I subtraction technique are encouraging but
      further experience is required in order to ascertain whether this procedure will
      justify a place as a routine test in the localization of parathyroid adenoma.

PMID- 1202978
TI  - Roentgenology of sporotrichosis.
AB  - Localized cutaneous as well as unifocal and multifocal systemic sporotrichosis
      may all produce roentgenographic findings. Localized cutaneous nodules may
      occasionally extend to the bone below producing a locally erosive lesion similar
      to those more commonly found in blastomycosis. More frequently, sporotrichosis
      involves the joints, either alone or with accompanying skin nodules. The joint
      changes are those of a pyogenic arthritis of the knees, elbows, hands, or feet
      which is difficult to distinguish from pyarthrosis produced by other organisms.
      The pulmonary findings depend upon whether or not the lung is the only site of
      infection. If there are no other areas of involvement, the pulmonary findings may
      be indistinguishable from those of secondary tuberculosis. However, if the skin
      on joints are also involved, small nodules appear and apparently do not proceed
      to cavitation.

PMID- 1202979
TI  - Xerographic manifestations of male breast disease.
AB  - Male breast disease, although overshadowed by its female counterpart, is still a
      problem which often comes to the attention of the radiologist. The major
      importance of mammography is differentiating unilateral gynecomastia from cancer.
      We now recognize four xeroradiographic patterns of gynecomastia: (1) increased
      ducts only; (2) ductal hyperplasia mimicking adenosis; (3) small ducts with
      stromal proliferation; and (4) fatty replacement only. These reflect the duration
      of the process. Gynecomastic masses are central, smooth, and most important,
      extend from the nipple outward, usually bisecting the midplane. Ducts may be
      visible. Carcinoma is usually central, dense, with irregular spiculated margins
      and, unlike gynecomastia is rarely in the midplane of the nipple, although it can
      be retroareolar in location. There may be concomitant skin changes or
      lymphadenopathy seen on the xerogram and these never occur in gynecomastia. There
      are numerous etiologies for gynecomastia, and these have been discussed in
      detail. It is thought that the radiologist should be aware of the pathophysiology
      of male breast disease and understand its significance.

PMID- 1202980
TI  - The use of xeroradiography in the investigation of diseases occurring in the
      central nervous system.
AB  - A total of 88 cases of normal and pathological conditions of the skull, brain and
      spinal cord was studied by skull series, pneumoencephalography, and air
      myelography. The roentgenographic images of these structures were recorded by
      conventional roentgenograms, xeroradiograms, and tomogrrams and compared with
      each other. In general the high resolution and wide recording latitude of
      xeroradiography produced a more pleasing, sharper image than that obtained by
      conventional roentgenography. However, the individual tomographic image was
      superior to xeroradiography.

PMID- 1202981
TI  - Thorium induced hepatic hemangioendothelioma. Roentgen-angiographic findings in
      two additional cases with clinical "inform and  consent" problems.
AB  - 1. Two additional cases of presumed, thorium-induced hemangioendothelioma of the
      liver are reported. 2. The angiographic pattern of large venous lakes conforms
      closely to the pathologic descriitions of this malignancy. 3. To our knowledge,
      angiography of the thorotrast (and vinyl chloride) liver, before the clinical
      evolution of malignancy, has not been recorded and may provide information of
      prognostic and therapeutic value. 4. Incidental identification of thorium
      deposits in the tissues of clinically healthy patients creates perplexing "inform
      and consent" problems. Presumably, these must be solved on an individual basis.
      5. Because the use of thorotrast has been discontinued since the early 1950s, all
      physicians reviewing chest and abdominal roentgenograms should be aware of the
      characteristic appearance of human thorotrast deposits, especially in the liver,
      spleen and celiac lymph nodes. 6. The number of living thorotrast "carriers" and
      previous deaths from thorotrast related malignancy seems highly uncertain at this
      time.

PMID- 1202982
TI  - Intrathoracic kidney.
AB  - Two cases of ectopic, partly intrathoracic kidneys are discussed. One case
      represents bilateral ectopy, an extremely rare condition. This anomaly deserves
      consideration because a correct diagnosis can save the patient extensive
      examinations and possibly thoracic surgery.

PMID- 1202983
TI  - Cavernous hemangioma of the kidney.
AB  - Three patients with cavernous hemangiomas of the kidney all presented with
      hematuria. In each there was found a poorly defined renal medullary mass with
      displacement of the calyces and renal vessels and paradoxical hypovascularity of
      the mass. This rare, benign tumor of the kidney should be considered in the
      presence of this characteristic clinical picture.

PMID- 1202984
TI  - Radiologic features of the interureteric ridge.
AB  - Careful attention to the dimensions and symmetry of the interureteric ridge, when
      it is visible, aids in interpretation of abnormalities in the bladder and
      ureters. It is important in evaluating renal agenesis, low ureteral calculi,
      trauma, and neoplasm.

PMID- 1202985
TI  - Schwannomas of the central nervous system.
AB  - Isolated schwannomas may occur in many different situations within the central
      nervous system. Most neurilemmomas are benign, and enucleation after longitudinal
      dissection of the nerve will usually affect a cure. It is for this reason that
      the roentgenological appearances should be appreciated and this diagnosis
      considered so as to attempt total surgical removal.

PMID- 1202987
TI  - Barium findings in retrograde intussusception.
AB  - Four instances of antiperistaltic intussusception are presented. These serve to
      depict the varied roentgen appearances in both types of intussusception on barium
      study and emphasize two simple interpretational principles: (1) when contrast
      material is administered orad to an antegrade or caudad to a retrograde
      intussusception, it must first enter the intussusceptum; and (2) when barium is
      administered orad to a retrograde or caudad to an antegrade intussusception, it
      must first enter the intussuscipiens. Attention is also directed to tube related
      intussusceptions and to potential difficulty in their identification.

PMID- 1202986
TI  - The neuroradiologic evaluation of "optic neuritis".
AB  - Optic neuritis, even when clinically typical, cannot be diagnosed with certainty
      because mass lesions compressing the anterior visual pathways may mimic it. The
      radiologist is in a position to assist in identifying such lesions or in ruling
      them out and thus preventing surgical exploration. While every patient in whom
      the diagnosis of optic neuritis is entertained should have plain roentgenograms
      of skull, orbits and optic canals, we have developed a schema for detailed
      neuroradiologic investigation based on clinical and plain roentgenographic
      findings. A classification of such lesions by location is illustrated.

PMID- 1202988
TI  - Editorial: Informed consent and the radiation therapist's responsibility.

PMID- 1202989
TI  - The timing and sequence of events in the development of the limbs in the human
      embryo.
AB  - A documented scheme of the early development of the human limbs is presented. It
      is based on (1) published and unpublished personal observations, and (2) reports
      of other workers who personally studied staged human embryos. The necessity of
      studying staged embryos in determining the precise sequence of developmental
      events is stressed.

PMID- 1202990
TI  - Internal structure of cat extraocular muscle.
AB  - Teasing preparations of cat extraocular muscles (EOM) were used to study the
      arrangement of muscle fibers and the distribution of the different cholinesterase
      positive sites, i.e. (1) large motor endplates, (2) small motor endings of the
      'en grappe' type, (3) myotendinous junctions and (4) myomyous junctions. The
      distribution of these cholinesterase-positive structures gives clear evidence of
      a complex muscle architecture of cat EOM. In the global layer of cat EOM, only
      multiply innervated muscle fibers run the whole length of the muscle. The focally
      innervated muscle fibers are generally shorter; they are usually arranged in
      series of two to three fibers being interconnected by myomyous junctions.
      Moreover, muscle fiber splitting is frequently present resulting in a netlike
      arrangement of muscle fibers. Most of the myomyous junctions occur between
      focally innervated muscle fibers, but also end-to-side connections of focally to
      multiply innervated muscle fibers are observed; multiply innervated muscle fi0ers
      have not been found connected to each other. In this layer, large motor endplates
      are distributed in several bands between origin and insertion. In the orbital
      layer all muscle fibers run from tendon to tendon, focally as well as multiply
      innervated ones. Here, large motor endplates are confined to a band in the middle
      of the muscle, and myomyous junctions are generally absent. Some functional
      implications of this complex architecture of cat EOM are discussed.

PMID- 1202991
TI  - The postnatal development of the ovary in the "nude" mouse.
AB  - The postnatal development of the ovary of the heterozygous nude (nu/+) mouse with
      the genetic background BALB/c is very similar--if not identical-- to that of
      other mouse strains. As other BALB/c mice, the nu/+ females become sexually
      mature during the 5th week post partum (p.p.). At this age the ovaries corpora
      lutea at various stages of differentiation. In the ovaries of newborn and 1 week
      old homozygous (nu/nu) mice, the differentiation of oocytes into primary and
      secondary follicles is delayed. In the third postnatal week, the ovaries of
      homozygous females contain more atretic follicles than those of their
      heterozygous littermates. This increased degeneration of follicles may account
      for the greater mass of secondary interstitial tissue, which is observed in the
      ovaries of adult nu/nu females. In nine out of the 5 to 7 week-old nu/nu mice
      studied, the ovaries contained no-/or only very few corpora lutea. Thus in
      homozygous nude females, the onset of sexual maturity is delayed. This ovarial
      immaturity may persist throughout life. In other animals development may become
      normal. In addition to the impaired postnatal development of the ovary,
      unspecific inflammation of the uterine wall (endo- and/or myometritis) was
      detected in 47% of nu/nu animals older than five weeks. No direct correlation
      was, however, found between the delay of sexual maturation and the inflammatory
      changes in the uterus as many of the animals with an endo- or myometritis
      possessed mature ovaries. The low fertility of the female homozygous "nude" mouse
      seems, therefore, to be caused not only by an impaired differentiation of the
      ovary but also by inflammatory processes in the uterus.

PMID- 1202992
TI  - Quantitative studies of the effect of progesterone on endometrial morphology of
      the spayed rat.
AB  - The effects of various dosages and of various time periods of treatment with
      progesterone have been studied in the spayed, mature rat. Test objects were the
      cells of the luminal epithelium and of the endometrial stroma which were examined
      by qualitative and quantitative electron microscopy. No significant response was
      observed in epithelial or stromal cells until after 12 hrs of progesterone
      treatment. The nuclei of both cell types were then more circular than earlier
      with reduced long diameters. The functional significance of this change in
      configuration is unclear since only in the stromal cells was it followed by
      nuclear growth. Further, after 12 hrs of treatment the relative amounts of
      mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum of stromal cells were reduced
      while the volume of the stromal cell cytoplasm appeared enlarged. This is taken
      as evidence that progesterone causes an intracellular oedema probably by
      decreasing cell membrane permeability. This response is probably not specific for
      the stroma but also includes the luminal epithelium, although the volume of the
      epithelial cell cytoplasm could not be determined here. Nucleolar enlargement did
      occur in stromal cells and was observed after 12 hrs of treatment but was not
      significant until after 24 hrs. At this point of time the net amount of granular
      endoplasmic reticulum in stromal and epithelial cells was increased indicating an
      increased protein synthesis in both cell types. However, only in the stromal
      cells was this associated with nucleolar enlargement, which supports the idea
      that progesterone stimulates protein synthesis through different mechanisms in
      the two cell types. Testing various dosages of progesterone showed that 0.5 mg
      had an effect similar to 5 mg of progesterone. When 0.05 mg progesterone was
      injected the only effect observed was an increase in the amount of apical
      vesicles of the luminal epithelium, showing that the epithelium is more sensitive
      to progesterone than the stroma.

PMID- 1202993
TI  - Studies on intra-arterial cushions. I. Morphology of the cushions at the origins
      of intercostal arteries in mice.
AB  - The origins of intercostal arteries in mice are surrounded by cushions which
      project into the aortal lumen. A boat-like structure, whose bow is directed
      against the blood stream, is formed by the cushions. The shape of this formation
      depends on the dilatation of the aortal wall, becoming flatter when the aortal
      wall is stretched. Grooves direct the blood into the initial segment of the
      branching artery which is narrowed in moderately distended or relaxed states of
      the aorta. The cushions are covered by an endothelial layer which continues to
      the endothelium of the aorta and of the branching artery. Ramified smooth muscle
      cells are found in the stroma of the cushions, while connective tissue are
      absent. Ramifications of the lamina elastica interna project into the stroma and
      faint elastic fibres reach the apical margins of the cushions. Basement membranes
      of ramified smooth muscle cells form a three-dimensional network which is
      connected with the basement membrane of the endothelium. Contacts between
      processes of endothelial cells and those of ramified smoot; muscle cells occur.
      Collagen fibrols are absent or extremely rare. In the interstitial space clusters
      of electron dense granules (mean diameter 500 A) are found which might be
      secreted by the specialized ramified smooth muscle cells. This peculiar
      morphology characterizes the intraaortal cushions as autonomous formations and
      excludes their being regarded as simple retroextension of the branching artery.

PMID- 1202995
TI  - Si units in respiratory medicine.

PMID- 1202994
TI  - Effects of guanethidine on paraganglionic cells in the superior cervical ganglion
      of the rat.
AB  - Paraganglionic cells in the rat superior cervical ganglion were investigated by
      fluorescence and electron microscopy following treatment with guanethidine for 5
      30 days. Control animals received saline and guanidine. Fluorescence
      cytophotometric measurements revealed a general decrease in the catecholamine
      content of paraganglionic cells in guanethidine-treated animals. However a few
      cell clusters showed focal increases. Similarly by electron microscopy there was
      a general decrease of cell clusters showing increases. -- guanethidine -- as well
      as guanidine--treated animals showed non-specific cytological alterations such as
      mitochondrial swelling and increase of cytoplasmic glycogen. However no changes
      of catecholamine contents and of dense core vesicles were noted in control
      animals. These results confirm the conception that in rat paraganglionic cells
      the dense core vesicles are the main storage site of catecholamines. The marked
      difference in the response of some cell culsters to the experimental treatment
      can be considered as evidence of functional heterogeneity of this cell population
      in the rat superior cervical ganglion.

PMID- 1202996
TI  - Tuberculosis care in general hospitals: Arizona's experience.
AB  - In June 1973 the state of Arizona transferred all in-hospital care of patients
      with tuberculosis from the State Sanatorium to general hospitals. Eleven general
      hospitals, 2 extended care facilities, and 30 physicians are under contract; the
      state pays billed charges after payment from any third-party insurers. Admission
      to the Tuberculosis Hospitalization Program is controlled by the state and
      requires real evidence of need for hospital care; there are no residency or
      indigency requirements. During the first 2 years of the program, 279 patients
      were admitted for hospital care. The average length of stay was 23.6 days; a
      marked decrease from the 93-day average in the sanatorium in 1971-1972. Of the
      274 patients discharged during the first 2 years, 232 had a final diagnosis of
      tuberculosis; 105 of these were discharged with sputum smears positive for acid
      fast bacilli. Although the cost per patient day was higher than in the
      sanatorium, the average cost of hospitalization per patient was lower because of
      the decrease in length of stay. Thirty-five per cent of the patients had some
      insurance coverage and/or Medicare. An employee skin testing program was required
      in all hospitals participating in the program. Although there was a 3.5 per cent
      conversion rate among all hospital employees, there were only 5 converters among
      employees exposed to patients with tuberculosis under the program. None of the
      employees was found to have tuberculosis. Of 70 patients with active tuberculosis
      who have been followed 12 to 24 months, 65 are bacteriologically negative. The
      general hospital program has been well accepted by patients, physicians,
      hospitals, and the public.

PMID- 1202997
TI  - Skin testing: a comparison of the jet injector with the Mantoux method.
AB  - Employees in a large industry in Baltimore were tested with 5 TU of purified
      protein derivative (PPD)-S and PPD-B using both jet injector and Mantoux methods.
      Wheal sizes tended to be larger among men than women and larger among blacks than
      whites, regardless of the technique used. Within any given race-sex group, and
      also within subjects, considerable systematic and nonsystematic variations in
      wheal size occurred when the jet injector was used. On the contrary, there was
      little variation in wheal size within race-sex groups when the Mantoux method was
      used. Mean wheal sizes elicited with the jet injector tended to be smaller than
      those elicited with the Mantoux method. There were also considerable differences
      in the reactions elicited by the 2 techniques. The Mantoux method elicited more
      and larger reactions than the jet injector, which suggests that the 2 injections
      are in some way qualitatively or quantitatively different. For jet injector
      tests, the frequency of reactions of different size tended to be related to the
      size of the wheal measured immediately after injection. This was not true for the
      Mantoux method. On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that the jet
      injector method is inferior to the Mantoux method in tuberculin skin testing.

PMID- 1202998
TI  - Active transport of Na+ and Cl- across the canine tracheal epithelium in vitro.
AB  - The flow of water across the tracheobronchial epithelium is likely to be an
      important determinant of the efficiency of mucociliary clearance. Because bulk
      water flow has been shown to be coupled to net ion flux in several epithelia,
      experiments were performed to determine whether ions are transported actively by
      the canine tracheal epithelium. Electrical potential difference, short circuit
      current, and the unidirectional fluxes of positive sodium ions (Na+) and negative
      chloride ions (Cl-) were measured using an in vitro preparation of the posterior
      membranous portion of canine trachea. The values of the electrical parameters
      were potential difference, 30.7 +/- 2.7 mV (SE; n = 30), lumen negative to
      submucosa; short circuit current, 108 +/- 8 muA per cm2 (SE; n = 30).
      Bidirectional fluxes of Na+ and Cl- were measured both with and without
      continuous short circuiting of the epithelium. Under short circuit conditions
      there was a unidirectional flux of Cl- toward the lumen of 7.4 +/- 1.2 muEq per
      cm2 per hour (SE; n = 6) and toward the submucosa of 4.7 +/- 1.1 muEq per cm2 per
      hour (SE; n = 6), resulting in a calculated net flux of Cl- of 2.7 +/- 0.6 muEq
      per cm2 per hour toward the lumen. The unidirectional flux of Na+ toward the
      lumen was 1.3 +/- 0.5 muEq per cm2 per hour (SE; n = 8) and toward the submucosa
      was 2.1 +/- 0.7 muEq per cm2 per hour (SE; n = 8). This resulted in a calculated
      net flux of Na+ of 0.8 +/- 0.2 muEq per cm2 per hour toward the submucosa. These
      fluxes are consistent with active transport and together they account for the
      entire short circuit current. Under open circuit conditions, the calculated net
      fluxes of Cl- and Na+ were not significantly different from zero.

PMID- 1202999
TI  - A case of primary alveolar hypoventilation associated with mild proximal
      myopathy.
AB  - A 34-year-old man presented with clinical features of primary alveolar
      hypoventilation, but was found additionally to have an adult onset myopathy
      caused by acid maltase deficiency. This was not severe, as judged clinically, and
      was initially overlooked. His vital capacity and sprint maximal ventilatory
      volume were only slightly reduced, and the ventilatory response to CO2 was
      virtually absent. There was, however, a mild impairment  in the ability to
      decrease Pco2 to normal by voluntary hyperventilation. The relation of myopathy
      and alveolar hypoventilation is discussed, and it is proposed that the primary
      muscle disease predisposed the patient to the development of the ventilatory
      abnormality.

PMID- 1203000
TI  - "Bad breath": presenting manifestation of anaerobic pulmonary infection.
AB  - Three patients are described in whom a putrid breath odor was the only or fist
      manifestation of anaerobic infection of the lung. Fever, productive cough, and
      pleuritic pain, common findings in anaerobic pulmonary infection, were not
      initally present. "Bad breath" may be an early due to the presence of anaerobic
      pulmonary infection.

PMID- 1203001
TI  - Letter: Physical therapy.

PMID- 1203002
TI  - Letter: Fever and pneumonia after flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

PMID- 1203003
TI  - Letter: The adult respiratory distress syndrome-- lumping or separating: a
      controversy?

PMID- 1203004
TI  - Letter: Determinants of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with
      intermediate concentrations of alpha1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1203005
TI  - Diagnosis and management of major vascular injuries: a review of 200 operative
      cases.
AB  - In a series of 250 civilian vascular injuries, 85 per cent were due to firearms
      and 50 per cent involved the torso, both of which represent an increased
      frequency of occurrence over other reports. There were 40 deaths, 31 of which
      occurred during operation or in the recovery room and were due to irreversible
      shock or coagulopathy. Of the nine late deaths, failure of the vascular repair
      was responsible for only three. In 124 extremity artery injuries, there were 12
      leg amputations (10%) with shotgun wounds responsible for nine and popliteal
      artery injuries involved in seven. In gunshot wounds of the aorta and iliac
      arteries, there were five suture line disruptions in nine primary repairs and no
      disruptions in 11 patients repaired by grafts. The evidence indicates that an
      antibiotic soaked dacron graft is the method of choice to repair gunshot wounds
      of the aorta and iliac arteries at this time.

PMID- 1203006
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine sulfate in prevention of thromboembolic phenomena in surgical
      patients.
AB  - Hydroxychloroquine sulfate appears to be a safe drug with no apparent hemorrhagic
      or other complications when used pre- and postoperatively in the manner
      described. With the criteria for thromboembolism of abnormal impedance
      plethysmography and confirmatory clinical signs, protection seems to have been
      afforded by hydroxychloroquine sulfate. Since these studies support prior
      extremely favorable results, further clinical trial with parenteral
      hydroxychloroquine sulfate seems indicated.

PMID- 1203007
TI  - Intensive in-hospital observation: a safe way to decrease unnecessary
      appendectomy.

PMID- 1203008
TI  - Cryohemorrhoidectomy: an experimental study and clinical appraisal.

PMID- 1203009
TI  - Evaluation and management of solitary pulmonary nodules.
AB  - The incidence of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules found on routine chest
      roentgenographic survey is unknown but may be as high as 20 per cent. The
      greatest dilemma confronting most physicians involved in the primary care of
      patients with solitary pulmonary nodules is sorting out those nodules that can be
      safely watched from those that should be surgically removed. Certain
      roentgenographic features of these nodules have been found to be helpful in
      diagnosis. The only two features that can indicate benign lesions are the
      presence of dense or concentric calcifications and the stability of the lesion
      over a period of more than two years. The final decision to operate or not may
      depend on comparison with old films. Pulmonary nodules present for more than two
      years without any change in size can be safely followed without operation.
      Operation is indicated in most newly discovered noncalcified nodules larger than
      4 cm and for lesions causing obstructive symptoms.

PMID- 1203010
TI  - [Retention of noradrenaline by the rat endometrial epithelium. Action of
      estradiol].
AB  - The application of the cytochemical fluorescence method on uterine samples
      obtained from spayed rats, injected with ascorbic acid, oestradiol,
      norspinephrine and oestradiol plus norepinephrine, permits the visualization of
      an extraneuronal uptake of norepinephrine by the luminal and glandular epithelium
      of the rat endometrium. The enhancing of the oestradiol uptake exerted by
      norepinephrine could be explained in this case by a direct action of
      norepinephrine on the target cell.

PMID- 1203011
TI  - [Importance of urinary 3-O methyldopamine in the metabolism of adrenergic
      tumors].
AB  - Urinary 3-O methyldopamine has been found highly increased in all cases of
      malignant tumours, as well of sympathetic nature (sympathoblastoma) as of
      chromaffin type (pheochromocytoma) but at a lesser extent in benign sympathetic
      tumours (ganglioneuroma). On the other hand, 3-O methyldopamine excretion is
      normal in benign pheochromocytoma. The ratio of this compound in the dopaminergic
      block is increased in sympathoblastoma, decreased in ganglioneurona and unchanged
      in pheochromocytoma. This kind of analysis has not been made for the case of
      malignant pheochromoblastoma. This ratio of 3-O methyldopamine in the whole
      dopaminergic and noradrenergic metabolism is increased only in sympathoblastoma.
      In the other cases (ganglioneuroma and pheochromocytoma) this ratio is decreased.
      Comparative analysis of urinary 3-O methyldopamine and the two other methoxylated
      amines (norepinephrine and metanephrine) shows that the methoxylated derivative
      of dopamine, when compared to normal subjects values, increased at the greatest
      extent in sympathoblastoma, while in ganglioneurona and chromaffin tumours,
      normetanephrine is with a variable degree, the predominant compound.

PMID- 1203012
TI  - [Circadian plasma LH changes in young bulls].
AB  - Six young postpubertal bulls (1 year of age) were blood sampled on one to three
      occassions each, at hourly intervals for 25 hours. One of them was sampled on a
      separate occasion every 10 minutes for 2 hours. They were managed in similar
      conditions since they were 8 days old. LH was measured by radioimmunoassay. There
      was not a circadian periodicity of LH levels. Peak frequencies or magnitudes
      varied widely not only between bulls but also between days.

PMID- 1203013
TI  - [Male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Success of treatment of sterility with HMG
      plus HCG].
AB  - Ten typical cases of male eunuchoidism (two with anosmia) are reported. After
      administration of clomifene citrate to five patients, there is no change in blood
      levels of gonadotrophins in four cases; in the fifth, a small and transitory
      increase of LH is noted. The intravenous injection of LHRH (100 mug) to five
      patients induces an increase of serum LH in all cases and serum FSH in three
      cases. The initial site of the dysfunction is possibly hypothalamic with
      secondary gonadotrophic pituitary insufficiency. Among six patients anxious for
      paternity, prolonged treatment (for 36 to 98 weeks), with HCG (250-1 000 I.U.
      daily) +HMG (65-120 I.U. FSH daily) results in appearance of spermatozoa in the
      seminal fluid in five cases and a pregnancy was obtained in four cases. Comments
      are done upon methods of treatment.

PMID- 1203014
TI  - [Testosterone metabolism in isolated cells of rat and ram seminiferous tubules].
AB  - Aspermatogenic seminiferous tubules were obtained from adult Wistar rats treated
      with Busulfan at the 20th day of foetel life. The isolated tubules converted 14C
      testosterone (T) into androstenedione (delta4), 3,5%) 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone
      (DHT), (1%) ANd 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol at unit gravity and
      incubated with 14C-T. Only delta was produced (2%). Using a similar technique the
      same result was obtained when pure preparation of round spermatids and primary
      spermatocytes from ram testis were incubated with 14C-T. From these experiments,
      we conclude that 5 alpha-reductase activity is present only in Sertoli cells.

PMID- 1203016
TI  - [Contribution of radioimmunologic determination of parathyroid hormone (PTH) to
      the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism (HPT) (38 cases].
AB  - The P.T.H. radioimmunoassay was done in 38 cases of suspected H.P.T. In confirmed
      primary H.P.T., the dosage was in positive correlation in 75% of cases; the
      classic metabolic exploration was in good correlation in 81% of cases. The
      specificity of the dosage is good but the defect of correlation comes from the
      antiserum utilised which recognizes the NH2-terminal region of human P.T.H.

PMID- 1203017
TI  - [Radioimmunological determination of calcitonin (TCT) in the course of thyroid
      tumor pathology (84 cases)].
AB  - The dosage of calcitonin was done in 13 thyroid carcinoma and 71 begnin thyroid
      tumors. In one case, the preoperative diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma
      (M.T.C.) was alloved; in one another case of M.T.C. the repeatted dosage allows
      the evolution survey and the exploration of the family; in a third case, the
      dosage allows to doubt the diagnosis of M.T.C. in post-mortem. In 71 cases of
      begnin thyroid tumors, the calcitonin immunoassay is in the normal range. The
      interest and limits of the preoperative dosage was drawn of this experience.

PMID- 1203018
TI  - Delayed pituitary adrenal response in a child's alcoholic hypoglycemia.

PMID- 1203019
TI  - [Experiments concerning the enhancement of clostridial growth (Clostridium
      butyricum 1672 A McClung) by means of the anaerobic metabolism of Ehrlich ascites
      carcinoma cells of the mouse (author's transl)].
AB  - Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells stimulate the vegetative growth of Clostridium
      butyricum in a modified Parker medium under N2 atmosphere. The enhancement of
      clostridial growth depends on the number of tumour cells added. The Ehrlich
      ascites carcinoma cells keep the ordinary transplantability after anaerobic
      incubation with the vegetative forms of Clostridia. Further means for the
      manometric investigations of the tumour clostridium phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 1203020
TI  - [A transplantable myeloid hamster leukemia with high peripheral leukocyte counts
      and C-particles. I. Transplantation experiments, pathogenesis, and electron
      microscopic observations (author's transl)].
AB  - In this article is reported a generalized leukemia of the myeloproliferative
      system of golden hamsters capable of cellular transmission. Cellfree
      transmissions to 83 golden hamsters after a 6-month latency period, have so far
      yielded the same result in three cases. After cellular transplantation leukocyte
      counts of 180,000 on the average occured abruptly in the end-phase of the
      disease. Latencies were between 4 and 10 days. Electronmicroscopically, oncorna
      viruses were demonstrated in hamsters inoculated with either the cellular or the
      cellfree preparation that bear close resemblance to the murine C-particles.

PMID- 1203015
TI  - [Role of guanidylic nucleotides in the adenylate cyclase activity of the rat
      liver].
AB  - Glucagon and adrenaline exert their action upon the liver via the cyclic AMP
      synthetizing system located in the plasma membrane. The enzyme adenylate cyclase
      is further regulated by guanyl nucleotides. It has been recently shown that the
      rat liver plasma membrane system could respond to GTP by simultaneous increase in
      the cyclase activity in response to glucagon and by the dissociation of this
      hormone from its binding sites (1). Unambiguous relationship between the
      activating effect of GTP upon the cyclase and its action upon glucagon binding
      has not been determined yet (2). This problem was approached using the in vitro
      action of epinephrine as a model. When 1 to 100 muM GTP or DGP were added to rat
      liver plasma membranes isolated from adrenalectomized animals, they increased
      markedly the response of the cyclase system to epinephrine. These effects could
      be observed in the absence of an ATP-regenerating system and were mimicked by 5'
      guanylyl diphosphonate; GTP and GDP were the most active compounds followed by
      ITP, CTP and by a series of guanyl derivatives. UTP, as well as guanosine, GMP,
      cyclic GMP and ppGpp were inactive. Guanyl nucleotides did not increase the
      affinity of the cyclase system for the activating hormones, but enhanced the
      affinity for ATP-Mg and also the Vmax of the reaction. Finally, GTP, ATP, CTP,
      UTP but not GDP displaced epinephrine bound to plasma membranes by a mere
      chelation phenomenon. It is concluded that 1) guanyl nucleotides do not act
      primarily by influencing the binding of hormones to the membranes; 2) they act
      directly upon the catalytic subunit of the cyclase; 3) the low concentrations of
      GTP required for its action strongly suggest that this nucleotide plays a role in
      the physiological regulation of the intrahepatic cyclic AMP level.

PMID- 1203021
TI  - Comparative studies on the behaviour of the plasmatic clotting system and
      platelet function in surgically treated cancer patients.
AB  - By measuring 18 functional parameters of blood coagulation the dynamic pattern of
      pre- and postoperative blood coagulation was studied in a total of 43 patients
      with primarily operable solid tumours. The results were compared with those
      obtained in patients having benign diseases in the same anatomical regions.
      Results were discussed preferably from the tumourbiological point of view.
      Changes of blood coagulation occuring in operated cancer patients with benign
      diseases. Compensatory processes operating in the haemostatic system provide a
      well balanced coagulation even in cancer patients. Patients with gastric cancer
      having low adenine nucleotide levels in platelets had a significantly higher risk
      to die postoperatively than those with normal levels. This indicates metabolic
      disorder on cellular levels than haemostatic dysfunctions.

PMID- 1203022
TI  - [Histologic structure and spread of malignant neoplasms within the urinary
      bladder (author's transl)].
AB  - In 96 out of 250 cases of bladder cancer, neoplastic tissue was found by biopsy
      in areas within the bladder but remote of the primary and unsuspiciously looking
      mucosa. Neither the histologic type of the tumour nor the degree of infiltration
      of the primary allow predictions regarding remote cancerous lesions within the
      bladder. It must be concluded: In bladder cancer, indication and choice of
      treatment must take into consideration that the neoplastic process involves the
      urinary bladder as a whole.

PMID- 1203023
TI  - [Reply to the article of D. Schmahl, K. Hollenriegel and D. Mundt: "Animal
      experiment studies on the cancer multistep therapy (by M v. Ardenne's method)"
      (Archiv fur Geschwulstforschg. 43,205, 1974)].

PMID- 1203024
TI  - [Beta-glucuronidase activity and morphological alterations in the nervus
      trigeminus of the rat after application of the neurotropic carcinogen
      ethylnitrosourea (author's transl)].
AB  - Newborn rats were given subcutaneuously 85 mg ethylnitrosourea/kg body weight.
      The trigeminal nerves of the grown up and of infantile animals were
      histologically examined and their beta-glucuronidase activity biochemically
      determined. These activities were compared with those of untreated control
      animals of the same age. More than 50% of the enzyme values of the experimental
      animals were significantly higher than those of the controls. Most of the
      elevated activities were encountered in the central part of the nerve and
      consisted mainly of the pooled soluble and bound fraction of the enzyme. There is
      a positive correlation between the level of the enzymatic activity and the degree
      of morphological changes. An increased enzymatic activity was found in almost
      100% of the tumor bearing nerves. Moreover such increased activities were found
      in a considerable number of histologically tumor free nerves. Ruling out other
      causes, for instance inflammation, it may be assumed that the increased activity
      of beta-glucuronidase in the trigeminal nerve of the rat after application of
      ethylnitrosourea is an expression of its carcinogenic effect and precedes the
      histologically visible alterations.

PMID- 1203025
TI  - Cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation in the rat submandibular
      gland during early postnatal growth. A quantitative and morphological study.
AB  - The development of the submandibular gland of the rat was studied between days 2
      and 55 of the postpartum. Besides confirming previous ultrastructural findings
      wer observed at the electron microscope that the architecturally complex terminal
      tubules, proacinar, acinar and striated duct cells retained mitosis the major
      ultrastructural features they exhibited in interphase. The ultrastructure of
      cells that were in the S period of the proliferative cycle was evaluated in high
      resolution autoradiographs from rats injected with thymidine-H3. All cell types
      were thus studied and no obvious cytoarchitectural modifications could be
      detected in these cells preparing for dividion. We obtained ultrastructural
      evidence that between days 20 and 30 some terminal tubule cells undergo
      transformation into acinar cells. The intercalated duct cells showed the highest
      rate of proliferation and the lowest daily increment in number. This suggests
      that cells from the intercalated ducts migrate to the neighboring morphological
      compartments. Quantitative data on the rate of cell proliferation and
      accumulation in the straited duct indicated that cells from the intercalcated
      ducts should differentiate into straited duct cells. Differentiation of
      intercalated duct cells into the terminal tubule cells was observed with the
      electron microscope.

PMID- 1203026
TI  - Electron microscopic study of early formation of the tooth enameloid of a fish
      (Hoplognathus fasciatus). I. Odontoblasts and matrix fibers.
AB  - An electron microscope study was made on the tooth germs of Hoplognathus
      fasciatus in early developmental stage. Special attention was given to the
      odontoblasts, enameloid matrix fibers, calcification of enameloid and the
      hitherto controversial origin of the enameloid. 1. The ameloblasts and the
      odontoblasts are demarcated by a single layer of basement membrane which persists
      until immediately before the calcification of the enameloid matrix. 2. This
      histogenesis of the enameloid matrix begins with the formation of non-striated
      fibers 140-180 A thick. They are arranged in a direction vertical to the basement
      membrane and parallel to the sides of odontoblasts. Fibers with regular cross
      striations of 640 A periodicity later appear and the entire enameloid matrix is
      formed by these fibers. 3. Along with the formation of the enameloid, the
      odontoblasts assume a high columnar form, with a marked increase in cell
      organelles which show marked polarity suggesting active protein synthesis.
      Numerous odontoblastic processes are noted in the enameloid matrix. Granules,
      representing precurosors of enamleoid matrix fibers occur in the odontoblasts.
      Based on these findings, the enameloid matrix fibers must be of mesodermal
      origin. 4. Deposition of crystals of small size, needle and tube in shape, occurs
      in the circumference of the fiber bundles. As calcification progresses, crystals
      appear in the central portion of the bundles. Later, large crystals of rod and
      platelet shapes become intermingled. In addition to this, small crystals are
      fused, forming aggregates.

PMID- 1203027
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of tannin-osmium treated and resin-embedded
      specimens. A demonstration of transmural passage of blood cells in the bone
      marrow.
AB  - Tissue pieces were made conductive by osmium impregnation (revised tannin-osmium
      method of MURAKAMI, 1974) and embedded in hydroxy ethyl methacrylate. The resin
      embedded specimens were cracked and observed with neither elimination of resin
      nor metal containing, the scanning electron microscope. Using the bone marrow of
      the rat femur, it was shown that this resin-embedding preserved the delicate
      tissue-elements without undesirable dislocation and breakage and assured the
      effective scanning observation as high as X 10,000 at 25 kV accelerating voltage.
      Passage of blood cells through the sinus wall was thus clearly demonstrated.

PMID- 1203028
TI  - Electron microscope study on endocrine cells and tumor cells in the glandular
      stomach of Praomys (mastomys) natalensis.
AB  - Endocrine cells in the normal glandular stomach and gastric carcinoids of
      mastomys were observed by electron microscopy and at least five types of
      endocrine cells, EC, G, D-like, R (round-granule) and ECL cells were identified.
      Of these, four types excepting G cells were recognized in the fundic mucosa.
      Characteristic in mastomys was a scarcity of endocrine cells in the fundic
      mucosa, where ECL and R cells were predominant types. Silver impregnation methods
      including SEVIER-MUNGER's argyrophil reaction of our own modifications were
      applied to tissue sections and the endocrine cells were examined by electron
      microscopy. Only EC cells revealed argentaffin granules under the light and
      electron microscope. R, ECL and some of the G cells were non-argentaffin and
      argyrophil in reaction and D-like cells and the rest of the G cells failed to
      show even an argyrophil reaction. Granules of mastomys carcinoid cells, as noted
      in the previous reports, were non-argentaffin but faintly argyrophil. Mastomys
      gastric carcinoids were studied by the same method, with special reference to the
      parent cells of this particular neoplasia. Noteworthily, mastomys gastric
      carcinoids arise mostly from the fundus, the area where R and ECL cells mainly
      occur in normal animals. The neoplasms are composed of cells containing granules
      resembling partly those of R cells and partly those of ECL cells. ECL cells and
      neoplastic cells in the present investigation have a similar reactivity to SEVIER
      MUNGER's method. Considering the generally accepted fact that neoplastic cells
      may not fully duplicate their parent cells in cytological features, it seems
      reasonable to presume that R and/or ECL cells might be the parent cells of the
      mastomys gastric carcinoids. In connection with this assumption histamine has
      been demonstrated to be produced both in mastomys carcinoid cells and normal ECL
      cells.

PMID- 1203029
TI  - Editorial: Brain tumor. Current status of treatment and its complications.

PMID- 1203030
TI  - Permeability characteristics of brain adjacent to tumors in rats.
AB  - The brain immediately surrounding 9L sarcoma and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma was
      evaluated, using radioactive water, albumin, red blood cells, urea, and sodium to
      quantitate isotopic exchange and permeability in the brain adjacent to tumor
      (BAT), normal brain, and, to a lesser extent, tumor. Exchange between blood and
      BAT for 14C-urea and 22Na averaged 53% of that for comparable regions of normal
      brain. This reduction in exchange is not explainable by differences in capillary
      surface area for transcapillary exchange in the BAT. This reduction in capillary
      permeability in the BAT could be detrimental to the delivery of watersoluble and
      rapidly binding drugs.

PMID- 1203031
TI  - Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid cerebrospinal fluid levels. A
      study with and without probenecid administration of their relationship to the
      state of consciousness after head injury.
AB  - Homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations
      were measured in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of 98 patients after closed head
      injury. The HVA levels decreased in patients, whether or not they were given the
      drug probenecid, which inhibits the active transport of these acids from the
      brain. The decline of HVA was more notable in patients with the longest duration
      of unconsciousness. The HVA levels showed no correlation with the state of
      consciousness at the moment of the lumbar puncture. The 5-HIAA levels were below
      normal in the conscious patients, but paradoxically, at about normal levels in
      unconscious patients. The overall results suggest a decreased cerebral dopamine
      and serotonin metabolism after head injury.

PMID- 1203032
TI  - Ultrastructure of aneurysms.
AB  - The fine structure of five cerebral aneurysms, four early aneurysmal changes, and
      three arteriovenous aneurysms (two cerebral and one spinal) were investigated
      from surgical and autopsy specimens. Each lesion was characterized by thickening,
      lamination, redundancy, and separation of basement membranes, abundant cellular
      debris, and a paucity or absence of elastica. In several instances, extracellular
      lipid and lipophages were present. These vascular lesions were remarkably similar
      to one another and also to the degenerative changes in experimental arteriovenous
      aneurysms, thus substantiating the concept that they, too, are essentially
      degenerative in nature.

PMID- 1203033
TI  - Reversible vacuolar myopathy of type II fibers.
AB  - A 23-year-old ex-bicycle racer with vague gastrointestinal symptoms had an acute
      weight loss of 13.6 kg (30 lb). During the period of maximal weight loss, he
      experienced muscle weakness, dysphagia, bradycardia, and T wave changes on the
      electrocardiogram. His skeletal muscle biopsy showed a severe vacuolar myopathy
      devastating the atrophic type II fibers. Without treatment, he recovered
      completely and has remained well. This may be an exaggerated or acute form of
      type II atrophy not previously reported, or it may represent an acute muscular
      degeneration.

PMID- 1203034
TI  - Effects of shock on the pancreatic acinar cell. Cellular and subcellular effects
      in humans.
AB  - Pancreatic tissues from 22 patients with a wide variety of types of shock were
      obtained within minutes of somatic death for light and electron microscopy and
      for cytochemical studies. By light microscopy, it was difficult to ascertain any
      differences between the shock groups; however, electron microscopy disclosed
      subcellular alterations that could be correlated well with the type, severity,
      and duration of shock. Mild cases of shock or shock of short duration showed mild
      cell damage, while extreme cases of hemorrhagic or septic shock showed cell death
      and necrosis. No morphological evidence for lysosomal initiation of damage was
      seen, but it is clear that the pancreas can undergo severe cell injury during
      shock that could result in release of further damaging enzymes, most probably
      from zymogen granules rather than from lysosomes.

PMID- 1203035
TI  - Glomerular lesions in Hodgkin disease.
AB  - Three cases of Hodgkin disease with renal manifestations were studied with
      electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The first patient had lipoid
      nephrosis that disappeared after chemotherapy for Hodgkin disease. Immune-complex
      nephritis was observed in the second patient who also had Sjogren syndrome. The
      third patient developed amyloid nephrosis five years after the onset of Hodgkin
      disease. Apparently, diverse lesions and mechanisms are involved in the
      development of the nephrotic syndrome in Hodgkin disease and the diagnosis can
      only be established by appropriate studies of kidney specimens.

PMID- 1203036
TI  - Acute calcium nephrotoxicity. An electron microscopical and semiquantitative
      light microscopical study.
AB  - Rats were infused for three hours with doses of calcium gluconate to elevate
      serum calcium level and were killed either immediately after infusion or after 24
      hours. Necrosis of proximal tubular cells was observed when serum calcium level
      was 16.0 mg/dl or higher. Above 16.0 mg/dl, an additional 5% of renal tubular
      profiles contained damaged cells for each 1 mg/dl in serum calcium. No difference
      in extent of damage was found in rats killed immediately or after 24 hours.
      Initial changes were formation of granular dense bodies in mitochondria, cell
      swelling, rupture, and extensive mitochondrial calcification. Renal tubular
      basement membrane changes appeared to be initiated by protrusion of cytoplasmic
      buds, forming ovoid bodies, which became embedded in the basement membrane. These
      ovoid bodies then appeared to serve as a nidus for further extensive basement
      membrane calcification.

PMID- 1203037
TI  - D-serine nephrotoxicity. The nature of proteinuria, glucosuria, and aminoaciduria
      in acute tubular necrosis.
AB  - Administration of D-serine to rats induced acute necrosis of the proximal
      straight tubules, proteinuria, glucosuria, and aminoaciduria. Proteinuria and
      glucosuria developed at the onset of tubular necrosis and disappeared when the
      tubules were completely relined by new epithelium. Our findings suggest (1) that
      abnormal loss of protein and glucose in urine is due to diffusion of these
      substances from interstitium to tubular fluid across the denuded permeable
      basement membranes of the necrotic tubules, and (2) that tubular cells normally
      are a barrier to diffusion of certain solutes betweeen interstitial and tubular
      fluids. Amino-aciduria preceded the onset of tubular necrosis and increased
      excretion of some amino acids persisted after tubular repair. Thus, D-serine
      induced aminoaciduria may be due to impaired reabsorption of amino acids by the
      injured proximal straight tubules, as well as by backward diffusion of amino
      acids from the interstitium.

PMID- 1203038
TI  - Oncocytic change in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland.
AB  - Among the morphological features of an oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the
      parotid salivary gland in a 78-year-old man, the oncocytes had granular
      eosinophilic cytoplasm that was characterized ultrastructurally by large numbers
      of mitochondria that displayed minimal abnormalities. Complex cell-to-cell
      relationship, well-developed junctival complexes, and microvillous-like surface
      projections suggestive of ductal differentiation were present; epidermoid
      features in the form of dense focal aggregates of cytoplasmic fibrils were also
      seen.

PMID- 1203039
TI  - Elastic tissue in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Ultrastructural study of endocardial
      lesions.
AB  - A 56-year-old woman had pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). Ultrastructural findings
      in the endocardium showed increased collagenogenesis and elastogenesis. The newly
      formed elastic fibers appeared morphologically normal, but showed a notable
      propensity to become calcified. The internal structure of the calcified areas was
      essentially similar to that of the adjacent uninvolved portions of the elastic
      fibers. Some of the heavily calcified fibers showed loss of internal structure
      and fragmentation. These findings support the concept that in PXE, calcification
      involves morphologically unaltered elastic fibers that subsequently may undergo
      secondary degenerative changes, such as loss of internal structure and
      fragmentation.

PMID- 1203040
TI  - Sensory system neural activity during habituation of the pupillary orienting
      reflex.

PMID- 1203041
TI  - The behavior of genetically selected loser and winner-runway rats in different
      competitive situations.

PMID- 1203042
TI  - Early behavioral experience and adult social behavior in the paradise fish,
      Macropodus opercularis L.

PMID- 1203043
TI  - Failure of Sprague-Dawley rats to transfer taste-aversions or preferences by odor
      marking the spout.

PMID- 1203044
TI  - [Organization of experimental thrombi in arteries and veins. A comparative study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Thrombi were produced in 62 female white rats (Sprague-Dawley) by injection of
      thrombin in the right common carotid artery and in the left vena iugularis as
      well. Partly the vessels were ligatured proximal and distal of the thrombus,
      partly they were closed with one ligature. In this latter group (one ligature)
      the thrombus was exposed to the blood-pressure, while in the first group the
      thrombus was protected against the blood-waves. After 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 14 days
      as after 4 and 6 weeks the rats were sacrificed and the thrombosed vessel
      segments were studied by light-microscope. In the arterie we found occlusive
      thrombi. In the veins the thrombi were higher in fibrin content than in the
      arteries. Between the thrombus and the endothelium of the vein-wall there was a
      sinus which became wider with aging of the thrombus. In the first days the
      progression of thrombus-organization was more rapid in veins than in arteries;
      endothelial cells, fibroblasts and capillary buds invaded the thrombus more
      extensive. In veins there was no difference in composition and organization of
      the thrombi of the two groups. In the thrombosed veins often small capillaries
      could be seen running through the vessel wall into the tissue of the organized
      thrombus but not in arteries. 6 weeks after thrombus-formation wide capillaries
      recanalized the veins, but the arteries were obturated by fibrous tissue with
      only a few small capillaries. Elastic fibres could be seen in the organized
      arterial thrombi earlier and more extensive than in the venous. In double
      ligatured arteries the organization of thrombi was more rapid than in arteries,
      in which the thrombus was influenced by the pulsating blood-pressure. In this
      latter group with only one ligature the organization-process was pronounced in
      the proximal part of the thrombus, which was higher in fibrin content. Next the
      ligature the thrombus was composed mainly of erythrocytes and hematoidin-needles.
      In this part of the thrombus the organization-process started with delay. From
      our findings we may conclude that the composition of a thrombus, the influence of
      the blood-pressure and the structure of the vessel-wall are important factors to
      explain the different temporal course and morphological pattern of thrombus
      organization.

PMID- 1203046
TI  - [Spontaneous changes in blood pressure and aortal pulse wave velocity in
      normotensive subjects (results of a long term study in 183 men) author's
      transl)].
AB  - The changes in the aortal pulse-wave velocity (PWV) occurring in connection with
      and dependent on spontaneous fluctuations of blood pressure has been recorded at
      intervals over the years in 183 normotensive men, who were aged from 17-74 at the
      beginning of the long term study. An essential condition was that the diastolic
      blood pressure should not exceed 95 mm Hg and the systolic 145 mm Hg. In order to
      eliminate the effect of age on the PWV between 2 measurements, and so to obtain a
      "pure" PWV-mean pressure relationship (c-p relationships), 7 cm/sec per year was
      subtracted from the c-value of the second measurement before the age of 55 and 9
      cm/sec per year after that age. The differences quotient delta cp as a standard
      for the change of c with the mean pressure p was obtained from the difference
      between two c values (c1-c2) taken at different times, converted to a pressure
      change of 10 mm Hg, and divided by the difference of the mean pressure levels
      belonging to them (p1-p2). In applying the appropriate age correction to c2, the
      time factor had no statistically recognisable effect on delta cp. In 78% of the
      cases in our long term study, c rose and fell with p, in 22%, the changes of c
      were at variance with the changes of p. Taking into consideration all the test
      subjects, delta cp averaged 0.40 m/sec. Before the age of 55, delta cp is smaller
      (0.30 m/sec) than above that age (0.55 m/sec). The age difference of delta cp is
      significant ( = 0.05). When the concordant c-p relationships alone were
      calculated, delta cp was 0.70 m/sec and scarcely differed from the delta cp
      values of hypertensives published earlier (0.60 m/sec: also concordant c-p
      relationships only). The generally lower delta cp values from group cross
      sections (in contrast to the longitudinal investigations) are explained by an
      unrecognisable admixture of discordant c-p relationships. In a range of pressure
      from 90-170 mm Hg, delta cp was shown to be independent of the level of the
      initial pressure. Also the magnitude of the (spontaneous) mean pressure variation
      (5-70 mm Hg, normotensives - hypertensives) seems to have no effect on the
      statistical mean value of delta cp. delta cp is, however, dependent on the
      direction of the pressure change in normotensives (just as with hypertensives),
      even when age is taken into account. If the pressure is reduced, c is higher and
      delta cp (p = 0.05) is greater than when the blood pressure is increased. The c-p
      relationship traverses a kind of loop (counterclockwise). In the discussion, an
      attempt is made to point out the effect of the vascular musculature on delta cp,
      which threads conspicuously through the comparison of the physiological delta cp
      values with the delta cp values in arteriosclerosis (hypertension; diabetes) and
      in endurance training. From this it can be deduced that normal values for c and
      delta cp in arteriosclerosis indicate that the musculature is still capable of
      maintaining a normal elastic function even with considerable regressive changes
      in the vessel wall.

PMID- 1203045
TI  - [Characteristic electrolyte changes in the hereditary myopathy and cardiomyopathy
      of the Syrian golden hamster (strain BIO 8262) (author's transl)].
AB  - In hamsters of differing ages suffering from a hereditary myopathy and
      cardiomyopathy (strain BIO 8262), the electrolytes sodium, potassium, calcium,
      and magnesium in serum, and several tissues were compared with appropriate
      controls. The determinations of the electrolytes were performed by atomic
      absorption spectrophotometry. An enormous accumulation of calcium in the
      necrotizing heart and skeletal muscle was the noticeable feature besides
      pronounced elevation of the sodium content in the myopathic skeletal muscle.
      While the latter refers mainly to an interstitial edema which is a consequence of
      the myopathy, the calcium accumulation is assumed to be an essential part in the
      cycle of pathologic events occurring in the hereditary disease: it seems to
      induce the necrotization.

PMID- 1203047
TI  - Effect of the carotid sinus nerve stimulation on nutritive myocardial blood flow
      in regional cardiac ischaemia.
AB  - The authors have studied the local blood flow regulation of the heart under the
      influence of the stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve in segmental myocardial
      ischaemia. The experiments were carried out on 38 dogs. By ligating the mid
      portion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, a small artificial
      infarction has been produced. Circulatory examinations were made after 24 hours
      following the coronary ligation. In 18 dogs the circulatory investigations were
      done during the electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve while 20 dogs
      were used as control. The local nutritive blood flow of the heart was measured by
      the administration of 86 rubidium in the intact zone, in the ischaemia (necrotic)
      zone and at the border zone of the heart. According to the experimental data,
      under the influence of the carotid sinus nerve stimulation the blood flow of the
      intact zone does not change considerably while the necrotic and border zones
      increases to a great extent. Reflex redistribution of the myocardial blood flow
      probably plays a decisive role in the antianginal effect of carotid sinus nerve
      stimulation.

PMID- 1203049
TI  - Collateral vessel formation: isolation of a transferable factor promoting a
      vascular response.
AB  - Collateral vessel formation to the kidney was induced by renal artery stenosis or
      embolization in six dogs. Extracts from control and collateral-forming kidneys
      were assessed for their ability to promote a vascular response in the hamster
      cheekpouch. The highly significant response evoked by particulate and soluble
      fractions of cytoplasm from collateral-forming kidneys suggests a humoral element
      in collateral vessel formation.

PMID- 1203048
TI  - [Intramyocardial pressure at various depths, during aortic constriction and
      myocardial ischemia in the dog (author's transl)].
AB  - Systolic intramyocardial pressure (IMP) is measured with a modification of the
      "closed perfusion technic" in 3 different layers of the myocardium in 8
      anesthetized mongrel dogs. In the subendocardium IMP exceed left ventricular
      pressure (LVP) by about 30% whereas it is 30% lower than LVP in the
      subepicardium. Under resting conditions the level of isobaric balance of IMP and
      LVP is at a distance of 57% from the epicardium. During thoracic aortic
      constriction the ratio of IMP/LVP increases in the subepicardium but decreases in
      the subendocardium. Occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery for 30
      seconds results in a decrease of IMP and IMP/LVP in the ischemic region. In 25%
      of all cases, however, an increase of these parameters is found.

PMID- 1203050
TI  - Influence of the sympathomimetic activity of oxprenolol on haemodynamics in the
      anaesthetized dog.
AB  - In anaesthetized, artificially respirated mongrel dogs, the intravenous infusion
      of oxprenolol (0.3 mg and 1 mg/kg over 10 minutes) led to an increase in heart
      rate and cardiac output. Blood pressure in the pulmonary capillaries and right
      atrium, and vascular resistance were reduced. The pressure in the aorta was
      transiently decreased. Infusion of propranolol in the same doses was followed by
      a decrease in heart rate and cardiac output. The calculated peripheral
      resistances, pulmonary capillary pressure and right-atrial pressure increased
      slightly. Pressure in the aorta diminished slightly. In the light of the present
      results, it is evident that the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of oxprenolol
      has a significant bearing on its haemodynamic effects in the anaesthetized dog.

PMID- 1203051
TI  - Genetic variation of an intestinal leucine arylaminopeptidase (Lap-1) in the
      mouse and its location on chromosome 9.
AB  - Electrophoretic variation for an intestinal enzyme that cleaves L-leucyl-beta
      naphthylamide has been discovered among inbred mouse strains. Several strains
      including related strains C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, C57BR/cdJ, C57L/J, and C58/J
      demonstrate an electrophoretic band of this enzyme that is absent in other
      strains and stocks thus far observed. The enzyme is tentatively being called
      leucine arylaminopeptidase (LAP) and the variant genetic locus Lap-1. The
      presence of the band is determined by an allele designated Lap-1a. Homozygotes
      for the alternate allele, Lap-1b, are without the band and heterozygotes are,
      under our electrophoretic conditions, indistinguishable from Lap-1a homozygotes.
      Data from recombinant inbred lines and a B6D2F1 X DBA/2J backcross established
      linkage of Lap-1 to dilute (d) and supernatant malic enzyme (Mod-1) on chromosome
      9 in the following order: Lap-1-d-Mod-1. The Lap-1 to d map distance was
      estimated to be 21.3 +/- 4.6 cM from backcross data and 8.1 +/- 4.8 cM from
      recombinant inbred lines.

PMID- 1203053
TI  - Genetic control of acid phosphate isozymes in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) heynh.
AB  - Starch gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous buffer system has enabled us to
      study two acid phosphatase systems (AcPh-1 and AcPh-2) in Arabidopsis thaliana.
      The AcPh-2 bands are much more prominent than those belonging to AcPh-1. Among
      the 17 geographic races, one variant for AcPh-2 was detected. A study of F1
      hybrids and F2 segregating progenies showed that AcPh-2 variants are controlled
      by two codominant alleles (AcPh-2N and AcPh-2F) at one locus. The heterozygotes
      are characterized by an intermediated hybrid band in addition to the two parental
      ones, thus showing that these proteins are at least dimeric structures.

PMID- 1203052
TI  - Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (Mor-1) in the mouse: linkage to chromosome 5
      markers.
AB  - Malate dehydrogenase is present in most mammalian tissues in both supernatant and
      mitochondrial forms. Although genetic variation for the supernatant form has not
      been observed in the mouse, electrophoretic variants caused by alleles at the
      mitochondrial locus (Mor-1) have been previously described. We have located this
      locus 11.0 +/- 2.9 cM from the beta-glucuronidase structural gene, Gus, on
      chromosome 5. The gene order is Hm-Pgm-1-rd-bf-Gus-Mor-1. Thus Mor-1 is presently
      the most distal marker on chromosome 5. Three different nuclear loci for
      mitochondrial enzymes (Mod-2, Got-2, and Mor-1) have now been mapped in the
      mouse, all on different chromosomes.

PMID- 1203054
TI  - Linkage of the locus for serum albumin in the house mouse, Mus musculus.
AB  - An electrophoretic variant for serum albumin in Mus musculus has been used to map
      the structural gene for this protein to chromosome 5.

PMID- 1203055
TI  - Deficiency of toxin-binding protein activity in mutants of sugarcane clone H54
      775 as it relates to disease resistance.
AB  - Three mutants selected from a population of sugarcane clone H54-775 that had been
      irradiated with 3 kR gamma-radiation all lacked toxin-binding protein activity.
      This activity previously had been shown to be essential for eye spot disease
      susceptibility and was demonstrated in the susceptible parent clone H54-775. In
      one mutant, the biochemical, immunochemical, and electrophoretic mobilities of
      the toxin-binding protein were all modified.

PMID- 1203056
TI  - The phosphorylase kinase deficiency (Phk) locus in the mouse: evidence that the
      mutant allele codes for an enzyme with an abnormal structure.
AB  - Female (I/St X C57BL/St) F1 mice heterozygous at the sex-linked phosphorylase
      kinase deficiency locus (Phk) have phosphorylase kinase activities averaging 86%
      that of mice homozygous for the wild-type allele (C57BL/St), i.e., 72% greater
      than the sum of one-half the activities of the parental strains. Approximately
      one-half the phosphorylase kinase activity in the (I X C57BL) F1 muscle extracts
      had a stability at 42.5 C similar to that of the activity in C57BL extracts (t1/2
      = 13.2 min); the other half of the activity in the F1 extracts was more labile
      (t1/2 = 3.9 min). Two species of phosphorylase kinase activity in F1 muscle
      extracts were also differentiated with an antiserum prepared in guinea pigs
      against purified rabbit skeletal muscle phosphorylase kinase. This anti-serum
      cross-reacted with phosphorylase kinase in C57BL muscle extracts but did not
      cross-react with skeletal muscle extracts of mice hemi- or homozygous for the
      mutant allele (I/LnJ). The guinea pig antiserum precipitated 52% as much protein
      from (I X C57BL)F1 muscle extracts compared to those of C57BL. However, an
      antiserum prepared against purified rabbit skeletal muscle phosphorylase kinase
      in the goat cross-reacted with the mutant phosphorylase kinase. The ratio
      C57BL:(I X C57BL)F1:I of immunoprecipitated protein from skeletal muscle extracts
      with this antiserum was 1:0.97:1.08. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the
      immunoprecipitates in the presence of 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate showed three
      subunits for mouse phosphorylase kinase with molecular weights of 139,000,
      118,000, and 41,000; these values are similar to the ones obtained with purified
      rabbit skeletal muscle phosphorylase kinase. These three subunits were also
      observed in immunoprecipitates from I/LnJ muscle extracts. These results offer
      substantial evidence (1) that in skeletal muscle extracts of mice heterozygous at
      the Phk locus the mutant phosphorylase kinase is active, (2) that the gene
      product of the mutant allele is an enzyme with an abnormal structure, and (3)
      that the phosphorylase kinase deficiency in I/LnJ skeletal muscle extracts is not
      the result of the absence of phosphorylase kinase or one of its subunits.

PMID- 1203057
TI  - The status of ribosomal RNA genes during nuclear DNA reversion in flax.
AB  - Heritable changes in plant weight and nuclear DNA content may be induced in
      certain varieties of flax by different fertilizer environments. The large stable
      form (L) has 16% more nuclear DNA that the small stable form (S). In subsequent
      generations in particular environments the nuclear DNA difference disappears,
      although the plant weight differences remain, while in other environments both
      DNA and plant weight differences are maintained. The large stable form has 56-70%
      more rRNA genes than the small stable form. The majority of this difference in
      rDNA is maintained in types where the nuclear difference has reverted. It is
      suggested that the expression of the flax genome may be susceptible to a
      reduction in the multiplicity of rRNA genes which limits the availability of
      protein synthetic machinery needed for growth.

PMID- 1203059
TI  - Variation in the isozymes of flax (Linum usitatissimum) genotrophs.
AB  - Peroxidase, esterase, and acid phosphatase isozymes of environmentally induced L
      and S genotrophs, nuclear DNA reversion types, and the orginal plastic (Pl) type
      of the flax variety Stormont Cirrus have been compared by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Differences were observed in particular line was not correlated
      with the nuclear DNA amount. The relationship between the isozyme pattern and the
      phenotypes of the lines in which they are expressed is discussed.

PMID- 1203060
TI  - Two factors affecting the heat stability of xanthine oxidase in extracts of mouse
      intestine.
AB  - The heat stability at 56 C of xanthine oxidase (Xox) from mouse intestine was
      found to be affected by two factors: (1) Xox which had been partially digested by
      trypsin was less heat stable than Xox which was protected from digestion by the
      presence of soybean trypsin inhibitor and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; (2) Xox
      was less heat stable in glass tubes than in polystyrene tubes and siliconized
      glass tubes resembled polystyrene tubes in this respect.

PMID- 1203058
TI  - High genetic variability in an ecologically variable vertebrate, Bufo viridis.
AB  - Allozymic variation in proteins encoded by 26 loci was analyzed
      electrophoretically in 517 specimens of green toads from 11 populations from
      Israel and one population from Vis Island in the Adriatic Sea. Genetic variation
      in this toad is the highest yet reported in any vertebrate. All three genetic
      parameters, mean number of alleles per locus (A), mean proportion of loci
      polymorphic per population (P), and mean number of heterozygous loci per
      individual (H), are very high (A = 1.65, range 1.38-2.04; P = 0.423, range 0.346
      0.615; H = 0.133, range 0.108-0.159). Central and marginal mainland populations
      are only slightly more variable than desert isolates, but much more variable than
      the Vis Island population. Genetic similarity is very high between mainland
      populations  (S = 0.951, range 0.93-0.97). Frequencies of two alleles (Icd-lc and
      Tfa) are correlated with an ecological gradient of increasing aridity. Regulatory
      enzymes appeared to contribute more to overall polymorphism than non-regulatory
      enzymes. The genetic variation observed suggests that selection for
      heterozygosity as an adaptive strategy is operating in the ecologically variable
      environment in which green toads live.

PMID- 1203061
TI  - Gel isoelectric focusing of mouse lactate dehydrogenase: heterogeneity of the
      isoenzymes A4 and X4.
AB  - LDH of mouse organs (including testis) was investigated by isoelectric focusing
      in polyacrylamide gels. The number of LDH bands in this pattern considerably
      exceeds the five (six in testis) of the standard electrophoretic pattern. An
      attempt was made to identify these bands as tetrameric isoenzymes formed by
      random association of different subunits. This included isoelectric focusing of
      purified LDH A, B, and X, two-dimensional separation of LDH, urea treatment of
      LDH, staining with specific substrates, and comparison of different organs.
      Further experiments were performed to exclude artifacts possibly produced by the
      isoelectric focusing technique. Different strains of mice were also investigated.
      The results demonstrate that in addition to the common five LDH bands (A4-B4) one
      set of five bands is formed by LDH A (A41-A42) and another one by LDH X (X 41
      X42). Moreover, an unusual band was found which has a lower molecular weight and
      no affinity to the other isoenzymes. The data suggest that the heterogeneity of
      the LDH pattern revealed by isoelectric focusing arises from post-transcriptional
      events rather than from a number of additional genes.

PMID- 1203062
TI  - Electrophoretic characterization of plasma RNA.

PMID- 1203063
TI  - Bilateral adrenalectomy: effect of a single tube-feeding of tryptophan on amino
      acid incorporation into plasma abumin and fibrinogen in vivo.

PMID- 1203064
TI  - Submicrogram assay of serum and adrenal cholesterol by a simple, direct,
      nonextration procedure.

PMID- 1203065
TI  - Interaction of alanyl-alanine with calcium, magnesium, and phosphate.

PMID- 1203067
TI  - A technique for long-term blood sampling or intravenous infusion in the freely
      moving rat.

PMID- 1203066
TI  - The effect of ethanol and high cholesterol diet on tissue lipids.

PMID- 1203068
TI  - A direct enzymic method for the determination of reduced glutathione in blood and
      other tissues.

PMID- 1203069
TI  - High myocardial and low hepatic lipoprotein lipase activities responsible for the
      initiation of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1203070
TI  - [Ischemic and anoxic necrosis of the muscles of the forearm and hand (Volkmann's
      contracture) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203071
TI  - [A new procedure of palliative tendon transfer for opposition paralysis of the
      thumb (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203072
TI  - [Digitization of the forearm. Indications, technique, long term results (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1203073
TI  - [Necrosis of the head of the humerus treated by a scurasil prosthesis. With 2
      case reports (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203074
TI  - [Surgery of the acetabulum using two surgical teams: possibility of a similar
      approach to both parts of the acetabulum in complex fractures (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203075
TI  - [Sivash total hip prosthesis. Description, operative technique, results (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1203076
TI  - [Acute diverticulitis of the cecum. Diagnostic and therapeutical aspects
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203077
TI  - [Clinical features and surgical management of Leriche's syndrome (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1203078
TI  - [Aneurism of the end portion of the aorta with a 14-year course in a 22-year old
      female patient (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203079
TI  - [On a case of amoebic gangrene of the colon (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203080
TI  - Evaluation of rosette inhibition test by antisera to hl-a system.
AB  - Specific antisera to HL-A antigens may inhibit spontaneous rosette formation by
      HPL bearing the corresponding antigen. This rosette-inhibiting activity is
      removed by absorption with lymphocytes carrying the specific antigen. The rosette
      inhibition test may be acceptable as a cross-matching procedure for detecting
      tissue sensitization in the field of transplantation.

PMID- 1203081
TI  - The c 1 fixation and transfer test for studying immunity in melanoma patients.
AB  - Sera from 27 melanoma patients and from 30 healthy persons were investigated for
      humoral immunity by C 1 fixation and transfer test. The number of C 1 molecules
      fixed to serum treated, sensitized tumor cells and C 1 molecules fixed to these
      cells in vivo were calculated and the quotient of these values was determined. On
      the basis of the quotient the patients could be divided into four groups. In
      Group 1 the serum treatment of cells decreased the C 1 fixation; in these cases
      the presence of blocking factors can be supposed. In Group 2 the serum treatment
      did not cause any difference: the patient serum does not contain humoral
      antibody. In Groups 3 and 4 the C 1 fixation rose slightly and significantly
      respectively. Work is in progress to find a possible relation of the results with
      the stage of the disease.

PMID- 1203082
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of hepatitis B
      surface antigen and of the homologous antibody.
AB  - A solid-phase radioimmunoassay procedure is presented, which allows the
      simultaneous detection and quantitation of HB, Ag and of anti-HBs. This procedure
      involves short preliminary incubation of test sera and of negative controls with
      a standard HB, Ag. The standard HBs Ag is diluted, according to preliminary
      assays, in order to yield a count ratio to negative controls of 10 to 1.
      Therefore, a value of 10 is ascribed to the counts of positive controls (standard
      HBs, Ag + HBs-negative serum) and counts of all test sera are proportionally
      related. The values obtained are denominated HBs Units. Test sera are considered
      to be positive for HBs Ag or anti-HBs when the corresponding HBs Units are
      significantly higher or lower, respectively, than the average value of standard
      antigen controls. Including the reference standard HBs Ag controls in each set of
      assays ensures the quantitative reproducibility of results among different assays
      and among different laboratories. Titres of serum HBs Ag and anti-HBs can be
      expressed as end-point dilutions, simply by plotting the corresponding HBs Units
      on a nomography. This was drawn according to the indications emerging from
      analysis of the radioimmunoassay kinetics. Laboratory assays and the practical
      application of the combined procedure over several thousands determinations
      showed that the binding capacity of the solid-phase substrate used (small
      antibody-coated polystyrene tubes) is extremely homogeneous. Such homogeneity
      accounts for a very high accuracy and reproducibility of quantitative results.

PMID- 1203084
TI  - Effect of L-histidine and various buffers on colony size and morphology of a T
      strain of mycoplasma.
AB  - The incorporation into agar medium of either histidine or various buffers affects
      the colony size and the type of superficial outgrowth (fried egg), stabilizing
      the initial low pH of the medium.

PMID- 1203083
TI  - Studies on hydrolysis and synthesis of fats in staphylococcus aureus and candida
      lipolytica.
AB  - Hydrolysis of triglycerides via di- and mono-glycerides has been obtained from
      washed cells and crude lipolytic enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus and Candida
      lipolytica. The same strains were unable to synthesize triglycerides starting
      from oleic acid and glycerol, while synthesis was obtained starting from mono-
      and di-oleate.

PMID- 1203085
TI  - [Evaluation of the lysozyme and DNAase activity for the identification of
      pathogenic staphylococci].
AB  - The sensitivity of two tests recently proposed for the classification of pathogen
      staphylococci were evaluated: --production of DNA-ase with the modified method of
      Lachica et al.; --production of lisozyme. The two above tests were studied with
      other six tests on 1,000 strains of staphylococci showing a very high
      specificity. The Authors propose that the DNA-ase production and the lisozyme
      production, also for their very simple execution, should become routine tests to
      identify the strains of pathogenic staphylococci.

PMID- 1203086
TI  - [Effect of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) on rosette formation by human peripheral
      lymphocytes].
AB  - Treatment of human perypheral blood lymphocytes with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA),
      for 30 min and for 72 h, increases their ability to form E-rosettes. Possible
      interpretations of the phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 1203087
TI  - Oral influenza vaccination with live attenuated viruses. 1. Acceptability,
      immunogenicity and transmissibility.
AB  - 151 subjects were vaccinated by oral route with live attenuated influenza virus
      vaccine, bivalent A and B, prepared in the U.S.S.R. Each subject received two
      vaccine doses with a 10-day interval. Vaccination did not bring about any
      important clinical manifestation and the incidende of the symptoms after
      vaccination was not significantly different in comparison with what observed in
      the non vaccinated cohabitants. The vaccine showed good immunizing activity:
      among the subjects who before vaccination, had a HI antibody titer lower than
      1/16, 91% responded for A type, and 70% for B type. Several subjects with
      starting low antibody titers also responded to vaccination. Among the cohabitants
      of the vaccinated no influenza virus infections were serologically ascertained,
      thus showing that no transmission of the virus from the vaccinated to the
      cohabitants occurred.

PMID- 1203088
TI  - Oral influenza vaccination with live attenuated viruses. 2. Protective efficacy
      during a type A(H3N2) epidemic.
AB  - 151 subjects, orally immunized with live attenuated influenza virus of the
      Institute for Viral Preparations of Moscow (bivalent A(H3N2) England 72 and B
      vaccine) and 66 non vaccinated cohabitants were studied during an epidemic caused
      by strains similar to A/Port Chalmers/73. 5 cases of disease were virologically
      or serologically ascertained among the vaccinated (morbidity 3.3%) and 8 among
      the non-immunized cohabitants (12.1%). The difference turned out statistically
      significant. By comparing the incidence of the disease in the two groups the
      protection resulting from vaccination was 72.6%.

PMID- 1203090
TI  - Beta-glucuronidase activity of lymphocytes in the premature infant with special
      reference to the fetal maturation stage.
AB  - Activity of beta-glucuronidase (GR) was determined cytochemically by the Hayashi
      et al. method on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 50 premature infants, born
      between 21st and 37th week gestation. The subjects studied were subtyped into
      group I (21st to 28th week), group II (29th to 33rd week), and group III (34th to
      37th week). Absolute count of enzyme-positive lymphocytes was lower in group I,
      when compared with group II and III as a whole. Absolute count of GR-positive
      lymphocytes exhibiting granular reaction type was significantly lower in group I,
      when compared with other groups. Absolute counts of GR-positive cells, with both
      granular and diffuse, or diffuse enzymatic reaction did not differ in groups I,
      II and III. The results obtained indicate ontogenetic development of lysosomal
      granules containing GR in the lymphocyte cytoplasm in premature infants related
      to their fetal age.

PMID- 1203089
TI  - Immunological investigation and immunotherapy approaches in cancer patients.
AB  - The Authors report the preliminary results of a two-step far-reaching
      investigation carried out on cancer patients to study: 1) the immune conditions
      of the patients and establish, by a thorough immune monitoring, employing tests
      of humoral immunity (tetanus toxoid response), of delayed immunity (BCG test, PHA
      lymphocyte blastogenesis, MIF release, skin window) and macrophage immunity (skin
      window), the chemotherapy effects on the immune conditions and the most suitable
      time to carry out immunotherapy; 2) the immunotherapeutic results which can be
      obtained with three different immunogens (BCG, C. parvum and ribonucleotides).
      The results obtained in the first part of the investigations pointed out the
      usefulness of the tests adopted to follow up the evolution of the immunological
      reactivity in patients submitted to chemotherapy, while the results of the
      immunotherapeutic trial show a preliminary character and, at present, do not
      allow definitive conclusions. Carefully planned and randomized studies are at
      present under way to establish, more thoroughly, the optimal modalities and the
      real possibilities of the immunotherapy performed with C. parvum and
      ribonucleotides in cancer patients.

PMID- 1203091
TI  - [Cellular lysis and dissociative phase of the genus Bacillus].
AB  - The sensitivity of the dissociative variants "R", "RS" and "S" of the spore
      forming bacilli to some lytic agents (lysozyme, sodium lauryl sulphate, lipase,
      trypsin and some of their associations) has been studied. The research has been
      carried out on 32 strains: 14 "R", 14 "RS" and 4 "S" of different species of the
      genus Bacillus. The results have shown that the sensitivity to the studied lytic
      agents is strictly correlated, not to the species, but to the dissociative
      phases: these results are in accordance with those obtained in previous
      researches, carried out by the same Authors, on other characters, both
      morphological and biological, of the same variants. Thus, also through this way,
      it is possible to reach the conclusion that within this genus, there is more
      similarity among the different species of the same dissociative phase than among
      different dissociative variants of the same species. The results obtained in the
      present study allow to advance hypothesis, based also on the data of the
      literature, about the composition of the cell walls of the three above mentioned
      dissociative variants of the strains belonging to the genus Bacillus.

PMID- 1203092
TI  - [Anti-mycoplasmatic activity of 2 antracyclinic antibiotics].
AB  - The antimycoplasma activity (bacteriostatic and bactericidal) of daunomycin and
      adriamycin has been tested on 14 strains in liquid and solid medium. The minimal
      inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of daunomycin and tetracycline have
      resulted of the same greatness, while those regarding adriamycin are lightly
      greater.

PMID- 1203093
TI  - A study of complement functions in a family with hereditary angioneurotic edema.
AB  - A study of some complement functions was performed in two patients affected with
      hereditary angioneurotic edema (HAE) - mother and daughter - from a Southern
      Italy family (Apulia) and in three of their relatives. A decreased level of the
      C1 esterase plasma inhibitor was found in both the patients, who were treated
      with tranexamic acid with a slight, but definite improvement. However, the
      disease could not be traced beyond two generations in the pedigree and a couple
      of ascendants was found who were free from HAE both from the clinical standpoint
      and from that of the laboratory evaluation of complement functions. The
      possibility that HAE arose in the family through a mutational event is discussed.

PMID- 1203094
TI  - [Pharmaceutical products and standards of good production].

PMID- 1203095
TI  - [Rapid method for the identification of active ingredients of Cannabis using
      circular thin-layer chromatography].

PMID- 1203096
TI  - [Nitrofuran derivatives with antibacterial activity. VI.
      Aralkylaminoacethydrazones of 5-nitro-2-furanaldehyde].

PMID- 1203097
TI  - [Standards of good production. Human and technical aspects].

PMID- 1203098
TI  - [Identification and determination of N-acetyl-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid].

PMID- 1203099
TI  - [Uniformity of weight of semi-tablets derived from tablets with pre-fixed
      breaking].

PMID- 1203100
TI  - [Spectrophotometric determination of (4-methyl-7-hydroxy-6-coumarinyl)-oxyacetic
      acid (sodium salt)].

PMID- 1203101
TI  - [Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of a new synthetic molecule: 2-phenyl-4
      p-chlorophenyl-thiazole-5-yl-acetic acid].

PMID- 1203102
TI  - [Standards of good production. Problems of sampling].

PMID- 1203103
TI  - [Nitrofuran derivatives with antibacterial activity. VII. Synthesis and
      antimicrobial activity of 1-imidazolylacethydrazone and 1,2,4-triazole-1-yl
      acetylhydrazone of 5-nitro-2-furanaldehyde].

PMID- 1203104
TI  - Toxicological studies on nifurpipone.

PMID- 1203105
TI  - Determination of 21-hydroxy corticosteroids in pharmaceutical preparations using
      the 4,5-dimethyl-o-phenylene diamine method.

PMID- 1203106
TI  - [Assessment of sterility].

PMID- 1203107
TI  - [Radiation-protective and radiation-sensitizing agents].

PMID- 1203108
TI  - Antiedema activity of a non-steroid physiological anti-inflammatory agent.

PMID- 1203109
TI  - N,N-disubstituted glycinamides of the benzo-gamma-pyrone group.

PMID- 1203110
TI  - [Systolic periods of the left ventricle in thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1203111
TI  - [Histofunctional changes of the adrenal gland after administration of
      benzedrine].

PMID- 1203112
TI  - [Urinary elimination of neuter steroids in hypersteroiduric obese subjects].

PMID- 1203113
TI  - [Serotonin antagonists and function of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical
      system in humans].

PMID- 1203114
TI  - [Effect of alpha-methyldopa on the inhibition by L-dopa of the hypothalamo
      hypophyseal-adrenocortical system during hypoglycemic stress in humans].

PMID- 1203115
TI  - [Disulfiram and inhibition by L-dopa of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal
      adrenocortical system during hypoglycemic stress in humans].

PMID- 1203116
TI  - [Action of L-dopa on the response of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical
      system to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in normal and obese subjects].

PMID- 1203117
TI  - [Renal utilization of glutamine and total production of ammonia in rats under
      normal conditions and in chronic metabolic and respiratory acidosis].

PMID- 1203118
TI  - [Measurement of renal blood flow in rats under normal acid-base equilibrium
      conditions and in chronic metabolic acidosis].

PMID- 1203119
TI  - [Graduated intravenous and subcutaneous oxygen therapy].

PMID- 1203120
TI  - [Chrono-morphological changes of the electrocardiogram in humans during immersion
      in apnea].

PMID- 1203121
TI  - [Soaking temperature and enzyme activation in seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L].

PMID- 1203122
TI  - [Reaction of explants of embryonal myocardium cultured in vitro to ethrane and
      fluothane anesthesia].

PMID- 1203123
TI  - [Mortaility of chick embryos caused by ethrane and fluothane anesthesia].

PMID- 1203124
TI  - [Effect of the nutritional level on the behavior of serum and muscle lactic
      dehydrogenase in swine for the slaughterhouse].

PMID- 1203125
TI  - [The nutritional level in the production of heavy-weight swine: effects on
      principal zootechnical provisions].

PMID- 1203126
TI  - [The nutritional level in the production of heavy-weight swine: effects on
      characteristics of the carcass and quality of the meat].

PMID- 1203127
TI  - [Behavior of acid-soluble free nucleotides and nucleic acids in myocardial
      anoxia].

PMID- 1203129
TI  - [Production of beta-indoleacetic acid in fungi].

PMID- 1203128
TI  - [Effect of re-oxygenation on the metabolism of free nucleotides and nucleic acids
      in the anoxic heart].

PMID- 1203130
TI  - [Effect of fenfluramine on the response of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal
      adrenocortical system to insulin-induced hypoglycemia].

PMID- 1203131
TI  - [Study of the behavior of plasma free fatty acids during the tolbutamide test in
      normal and obese subjects].

PMID- 1203132
TI  - [Clonidine and function of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical system in
      humans].

PMID- 1203133
TI  - [Action of L-dopa and dopamine on plasma free fatty acids in normal and obese
      subjects].

PMID- 1203134
TI  - [Interrelations between the transit time of granulocytes through the medullary
      reserve and the total granulocytic mass of the blood].

PMID- 1203135
TI  - A paramagnetic method for measuring the carbon dioxide concentration of a gas.
AB  - A paramagnetic method of carbon dioxide analysis enables the simultaneous
      analysis of carbon dioxide and oxygen to be made at 2-min intervals. The method
      depends upon observing the change of oxygen concentration in a gas mixture before
      and after absorbing the carbon dioxide component. The carrier-gas in the
      experiments reported was nitrogen. The output of the paramagnetic meter was
      measured both by a digital voltmeter and by a chart recorded and the carbon
      dioxide concentrations calculated from these observations (Y1% and Y2%
      respectively) were compared with those obtained by Lloyd-Haldane (x%) gas
      analysis, for carbon dioxide concentration of 2-20% in a range of oxygen
      concentrations of about 9-90%. The agreement between paramagnetic and Lloyd
      Haldane carbon dioxide analysis is shown in the following linear regression
      equations: Y1=0.996x-0.001 (r=0.9999+/-0.04 SEM of estimate; P less than 0.001);
      Y2=0.997x-0.006 (r=0.9999+/-0.06 SEM of estimate; P less than 0.001). Carbon
      dioxide in nitrogen was measured by the prior addition of an arbitrary
      concentration of oxygen, to a gas sample. The method is applicable to the
      measurement of carbon dioxide and oxygen, when the carrier-gas may have
      characteristics which preclude the use of katharometer, infra-red or Haldane
      analysis.

PMID- 1203137
TI  - The uptake and elimination of halothane in dogs: a two- or multicompartment
      system? I: Gas chromatographic determination of halothane in blood and in
      inspired and end-tidal gases.
AB  - The gas chromatographic determination of volatile organic anaesthetic agents in
      blood and in respiratory gases is described. The analysis in blood is based on a
      head space technique. Sampling of inspired and end-tidal gases is carried out by
      means of a system including a gas sampling valve.

PMID- 1203136
TI  - A method for the gas chromatographic analysis of inhalation anaesthetics in whole
      blood by direct injection into a simple precolumn device.
AB  - A simple heated precolumn device constructed from standard gas chromatographic
      components is described and evaluated. The device permits the analysis of
      concentrations of anaesthetic agents by direct injection of whole blood
      containing a suitable internal standard. A method is described for the analysis
      of halothane, chloroform, trichloroethylene, and methoxyflurane. The procedure is
      rapid and of acceptable accuracy.

PMID- 1203138
TI  - An obstetrician's view of pain.

PMID- 1203139
TI  - Effects of althesin anaesthesia and surgery on plasma concentrations of
      luteinizing hormone and testosterone in man.
AB  - This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Althesin and surgery on
      plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone in 10 male
      patients. Plasma LH concentrations increased markedly during Althesin anaesthesia
      given alone over a period of 45 min. The high concentration lasted for 30 min
      after the start of surgery and was followed by a gradual decrease, although the
      concentration remained significantly greater than the control value. Plasma
      testosterone concentrations decreased during Althesin anaesthesia, and a further
      decrease was noted during the period following surgery.

PMID- 1203140
TI  - The use of a digital computer for the on-line real-time assessment of
      neuromuscular blockade in anaesthetized man.
AB  - A computer program written mainly in a high level language (ALGOL), but with the
      sampling routine and certain calculations written in assembly language (SIR), has
      been developed to assess neuromuscular blockade in anaesthetized man by means of
      an Elliott 903 digital computer. The program allows the on-line real-time
      analysis of a range of variables including twitch height, maximum slope of twitch
      and twitch pulse widths, peak height of tetanic contraction, end-height of
      tetanic contraction, the tetanic tension ratio and the percentage tetanic
      transmission. The program has been used to investigate the pattern of action of
      neuromuscular blocking drugs and has particular value in the study of the
      pharmacokinetic action of these drugs.

PMID- 1203141
TI  - Muscle hypertonus after intravenous suxamethonium: A clinical problem.
AB  - Hypertonus of masseter and chest wall muscle in one patient following intravenous
      suxamethonium is reported. Subsequent investigations including electromyography
      and muscle biopsy with in vitro pharmacological testing failed to reveal any
      abnormality to account for the response. The clinical problems presented to the
      anaesthetist when suxamethonium-induced hypertonus occurs are discussed. The
      relationship between a hypertonic reaction to suxamethonium and neuromuscular
      disease (including myotonic disorders and the malignant hyperpyrexia myopathy) is
      considered.

PMID- 1203142
TI  - Pulmonary damage from a Swan-Ganz catheter.
AB  - A patient developed pulmonary damage following the insertion of a Swan-Ganz
      catheter into the pulmonary artery. Suggestions are made on how to avoid this
      complication.

PMID- 1203144
TI  - Letter: Spinal anaesthesia.

PMID- 1203143
TI  - Accidental subdural analgesia: A case report, possible clinical implications and
      relevance to "massive extradurals".
AB  - A continuous obstetric epidural is described, in which an abnormally extensive
      block and hypotension resulted. The catheter was subsequently shown to enter the
      subdural space. As this case resembles a "massive epidural", it is suggested that
      subdural injection may explain the phenomenon.

PMID- 1203145
TI  - Letter: Nitroprusside and cyanide.

PMID- 1203146
TI  - Letter: On the circulatory and toxic effects of sodium nitroprusside.

PMID- 1203147
TI  - Letter: Anaphylactic reactions induced by infusion of polygeline (haemaccel).

PMID- 1203148
TI  - Letter: The use of althesin for sedation.

PMID- 1203149
TI  - Letter: A modification to the Servomex OA 272 oxygen analyser.

PMID- 1203150
TI  - Letter: Occlusion of the inferior vena cava.

PMID- 1203151
TI  - Letter: Nitrous oxide and intracranial pressure.

PMID- 1203152
TI  - Letter: Reaction to methohexitone.

PMID- 1203153
TI  - Letter: Anaesthetic management for reconstruction of the lower trachea.

PMID- 1203154
TI  - A survey of normal bowel habit.

PMID- 1203155
TI  - Misdiagnosis of onchocerca nodules in an endemic area.

PMID- 1203156
TI  - A rare cause of pyloric obstruction.

PMID- 1203157
TI  - Familial goitrous cretinism associated with an abnormal haemoglobin.

PMID- 1203158
TI  - The changing pattern of bronchial carcinoma.
AB  - 1. The age incidence of bronchial carcinoma in England and Wales is rising. 2. In
      one series the proportion of the patients operated on over the age of 65 years
      rose from 12% in 1950-5 to 37% in 1970-4. 3. Thes change reflects the national
      figures in both men and women. 4. The proportion of the population in the ages at
      risk has risen substantially, particularly amongst men, in the last 20 years, but
      this does not nearly account for the rise in the incidence in the older age
      groups. 5. The rate continues to rise in the patients over 65 years of age, but
      is now falling in all groups of men below that age. It is still rising in all age
      groups of women. 6. As time has passed the rate has begun to fall in men of older
      age groups. 7. The sex ratio continues to fall. 8. The process described has been
      going on for at least 50 years, and it is suggested that the decline in the
      younger age groups represents the natural history of bronchial carcinoma in the
      community. 9. The timing of the change in mortality is different in different
      parts of the world and in the two sexes. 10. It is predicted that the number of
      men with broncial carcinoma fit for surgery may shortly start to fall in this
      country.

PMID- 1203159
TI  - Failure of resolution in pneumonia.
AB  - An account is given of the clinical, radiological and pathological features of 50
      cases of pneumonia in which resolution was incomplete. This phenomenon occurs
      mainly in middle-aged and elderly men with chronic bronchitis and may simulate
      bronchial carcinoma. It most frequently affects the right upper lobe. Fibrosis
      and inflitration by chronic inflammatory cells are the characteristic
      histological abnormalities. Serious long-term sequelae are uncommon.

PMID- 1203160
TI  - Patterns of response to isoprenaline in asthmatic patients.
AB  - Six asthmatic patients whose airway obstruction improved significantly during a
      trial of prednisone have been studied in detail. Serial measurements of forced
      expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were made at specific times each day before
      and after isoprenaline, for 8 days. Peak response was at 5 minutes in the
      majority of tests. In contrast to previous studies no clear pattern of response
      emerged in relation either to type of asthma, length of history or initial FEV1.

PMID- 1203161
TI  - Confluent lymphoreticular aggregates in the bronchi of children--'mural
      bronchitis'.
AB  - A study of a random series of 503 lungs from children of all ages and comprising
      a cross-section of almost all deaths in children in Sheffield shows that 'mural
      bronchitis' is not seen at birth but increases progressively with post-natal age.
      These lesions bear no relationship to unexpected death in infancy. They are
      probably a normal component of children's lungs, and an indication of bronchus
      associated lymphoid tissue. There is a positive correlation between the presence
      of prominent lesions and long-standing history of respiratory symptoms.

PMID- 1203162
TI  - Personality differences between both intended and actual social sciences and
      engineering majors.

PMID- 1203163
TI  - University students: attainment and sport.

PMID- 1203165
TI  - Creativity and achievement in Nuffield physics.

PMID- 1203164
TI  - Pre-school mentally handicapped children.

PMID- 1203166
TI  - Impulsivity: self-report and performance measure.

PMID- 1203167
TI  - The effect of angrod on the delayed hypersensitivity response in rats.
AB  - Delayed hypersensitivity was induced in rats by means of sheep erythrocytes and
      bovine serum albumin-lipid conjugate. Administration of heparin to rats
      sensitized to either antigen resulted in diminution of the delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction. Administration of ancrod, however, failed to inhibit
      the delayed cellular reaction to either antigen. Granuloma formation remained
      unaffected when rats were injected with either heparin or ancrod. The lack of
      ancrod effect, in contrast to heparin effect, on delayed hypersensitivity is
      discussed.

PMID- 1203168
TI  - Protection by carbon tetrachloride against the toxic effects of
      dimethylnitrosamine in mice.
AB  - A single intraperitoneal dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), from 0-004 to 0-5
      ml/kg, protected male mice against the toxic effects of dimethylnitrosamine
      (DMN). The LD20 of DMN was increased by a factor of about 4-2 with the highest
      dose of CCl4 and by a lesser factor with lower doses. The increase in LD50
      correlated with a decrease in DMN-demethylase activity in the liver of CCl4
      treated mice. These effects commenced within 10 min of administration of CCl4,
      increased very rapidly for 12 h to a high level which was maintained for up to 60
      h, after which the LD50 of DMN and the level of DMN-demethylase returned slowly
      to normal only in 5 or 6 days. The administration of CCl4 reduced the acute
      hepatonecrotic action of DMN.

PMID- 1203170
TI  - The resolution of thermal oedema at various temperatures under coumarin
      treatment.
AB  - The treatment of thermal oedema with coumarin (a benzopyrone) has been found to
      be most effect when fast moving air of 20 degrees was blown over the burnt
      animals. Coumarin has two main effects: one is to cause vascular injury thus
      allowing extra protein and fluid into the tissues; the other is to stimulate
      phagocytosis, enzyme production and thus proteolysis and a subsequent removal of
      protein and fluid from the injured tissues. At lower temperatures the injurious
      nature of coumarin is prominent. At medium range temperatures the proteolytic
      actions of coumarin outweigh its injurious nature. Resolution thus proceeds much
      more rapidly. At high temperatures resolution is slowed. This is a consequence of
      the antioxidant effect of coumarin on adrenaline and ambient temperature on
      peripheral dilatation. The results obtained tie in well with those obtained by
      workers using water of equivalent temperature.

PMID- 1203169
TI  - En face organ culture of vascular endothelium.
AB  - A simple technique is described for maintaining in organ culture segments of
      blood vessel in such a way that the endothelium can be studied en face. The
      behaviour of such cultures throws further light on the interaction between
      endothelium and intravascular clotting.

PMID- 1203171
TI  - The induction of renal papillary necrosis in Gunn rats by analgesics and
      analgesic mixtures.
AB  - Homozygous members of the mutant Gunn strain of Wistar rats genetically lack the
      enzyme uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase. "High" and "low" dose gavage
      feeding for 18-34 days of an analgesic mixture containing aspirin, phenacetin and
      caffeine (APC) confirmed the previously reported susceptibility of these animals
      to analgesic induced renal papillary necrosis. Heterozygotes do not share the
      gross enzyme deficiency of homozygotes and, when treated with APC under identical
      conditions, failed to develop renal papillary necrosis. Groups of homozygotes
      were dosed by gavage with aspirin, phenacetin and paracetamol for 4 weeks. Renal
      papillary necrosis was produced by all 3 drugs, the lowest frequency of lesions
      occurring with phenacetin. It is postulated that the enzyme deficiency of
      homozygous Gunn rats influences the metabolism of analgesics to favour the
      excretion of nephrotoxic metabolites. The renal papillary necrosis appearing in
      these experiments is essentially an acute lesion, differing both in natural
      history and morphology from the renal papillary necrosis of analgesic
      nephropathy, suggesting that the pathogeneses of the experimental and human
      lesions differ.

PMID- 1203172
TI  - The response of the rat liver to alterations in total portal blood flow.
AB  - In attempting to isolate the various components involved in the stimulus induced
      by partial hepatectomy, the effect of sudden increased portal flow to the whole
      liver has been studied. The technique involved the construction of a portacaval
      anastomosis and after a week, reconstitution of the original portal vein,
      allowing resumption of portal blood flow. The effects of increased portal flow in
      this experiment were to induce hypertrophy of hepatocytes and a minor degree of
      DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1203174
TI  - Reduction of carbon tetrachloride toxicity by prior administration of a single
      small dose in mice and rats.
AB  - Mice were given progressively smaller doses of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and at
      intervals later the LD50 of a second dose was determined. The LD50 was greater
      than in previously untreated mice as soon as 10 min after the first dose,
      increased to a maximum between 12 and 24 h that was maintained for about 3 or 4
      days, after which the LD50 returned to normal by the 7th day. The maximum LD50
      reached was dependent on the first dose, but even a minute first dose, 0-004
      ml/kg, had a significant effect. The same phenomenon was confirmed in rats.
      Administration of promethazine before doseing with CCl4 did not have this effect,
      nor did an ether anaesthetic.

PMID- 1203173
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of shock. The importance of central catecholaminergic
      neurons in the response to injury.
AB  - Destruction of central catecholaminergic nerve terminals and axons by the
      injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into a lateral cerebral ventricle lowered
      the resistance of rats to 4-h bilateral hindlimb ischaemia. Although treatment
      with 6-OHDA alters food intake and growth rate its effect on the resistance of
      rats to this injury could not be attributed to differences in the size of the
      limbs which were made ischaemic or in nutritional state. It was not seen after
      peripheral chemical sympathectomy produced by the intravenous injection of 6
      OHDA. Pretreatment with intraventricular 6-OHDA affected the core temperature
      changes during and after the limb ischaemia and impaired the blood pressure
      response after removal of the tourniquets. The lesions in the hypothalamus
      associated with these changes were examined with fluorescence histochemistry and
      found to be severe and widespread. It was concluded that the catecholaminergic
      fibres innervating the hypothalamus and other parts of the brain concerned in
      homoeostasis play a beneficial role in the defence against injury.

PMID- 1203175
TI  - Haematological changes and iron metabolism in rats after administration of
      Corynebacterium parvum.
AB  - Administration of 1-4 mg of C. parvum to rats caused a transient and mild
      normochromic and normocytic anaemia with reticulocytosis. There was also an
      immediate and marked fall of plasma iron concentration and a moderate increase of
      total iron binding capacity of plasma. Despite increased clearance of 59Fe from
      the plasma there was no significant change of the plasma iron turnover rate. At
      later intervals after administration of C. parvum an increased incorporation of
      iron into red blood cells and the spleen was observed. These changes in iron
      metabolism have been explained in terms of increased retention of iron in the
      mononuclear phagocyte system during the first few days after C. parvum and
      enhanced erythropoiesis at later intervals. Other haematological parameters
      remained normal, with the exception of the absolute number of lymphocytes, which
      initially fell sharply but soon returned to, and even exceeded, control levels.
      Liver and spleen weights increased greatly after administration of C. parvum,
      reaching a maximum at the end of the first week, and both these organs contained
      mononuclear cell infiltrates, granulomata and giant cells.

PMID- 1203176
TI  - Natural antibiosis among skin bacteria as a primary defence against infection.
AB  - Antibiotic-producing bacteria were present on the healthy intact skin of 77 of
      340 people but predominated in only 38-9% of these. In contrast, antibiotic
      producers which occurred in the lesions of 51 out of 263 dermatological patients
      predominated in 78-4%. The presence of inhibitory commensals in skin lesions was
      associated with a significantly low incidence of secondary infection both on
      admission and during hospital stay; there was, however, a small excess of Gram
      negative infections on admission in skin lesions containing antibiotic producers.
      Among ninety surgical patients, also, the presence of inhibitory skin bacteria
      was associated with a relatively low rate of wound colonization by pathogenic
      bacteria. The ecological implications and practical applications of the findings
      are discussed.

PMID- 1203177
TI  - The significance of a positive cutaneous immunofluorescence test in systemic
      lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Direct cutaneous immunofluorescence microscopical examination of uninvolved skin
      is an important diagnostic test in systemic lupus erythematosus. Its prognostic
      significance is undetermined. In twenty-four patients there was an increased
      incidence of leukopenia, hypocomplementaemia, and LE cells in patients with
      positive skin immunofluorescence. Positive cutaneous immunofluorescence of
      uninvolved skin was correlated with the most severe forms of lupus renal disease,
      membranous glomerulonephritis, and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1203179
TI  - Cell-mediated immune responses in patients with warts.
AB  - Competence of cell-mediated immunity in patients with warts was assessed by
      measuring in vitro response to PHA and PPD. Patients with warts were found to be
      less responsive as compared with a control group and this deficiency was related
      to the length of history of the wart infection.

PMID- 1203178
TI  - In vitro assay of immunity to human wart antigen.
AB  - The cell-mediated and antibody responses to human wart antigen have been studied
      in patients with warts and in controls. Most patients show a positive cell
      mediated response at or about the time of resolution of their warts but the
      detectable immunity is short-lived. The majority of patients with warts have
      antibodies and the percentage rises both with resolution of the warts and with
      increase in the duration of the infection. No correlation between the presence of
      antibodies and the development of cell-mediated immunity was found.

PMID- 1203180
TI  - Nickel hypersensitivity. Nickel binding to amino acids and lymphocytes.
AB  - The nature of a protein hapten conjugate which could effect lymphocyte
      transformation in nickel hypersensitivity was investigated by subjecting the
      culture media employed to radiochromatographic analysis. Autoradiographic studies
      with 63Ni demonstrate direct binding of nickel salts to the lymphocyte cell
      surface. This occurs with a proportion of lymphocytes both from nickel sensitive
      and from control subjects and so binding is not of itself the stimulus for
      transformation.

PMID- 1203183
TI  - Leprechaunism. Case report in a black African child.
AB  - A case of leprechaunism is described. This is thought to be the first reported in
      a black child.

PMID- 1203181
TI  - Comparative bio-availability and activity of proprietary topical corticosteroid
      preparations: vasoconstrictor assays on thirty-one ointments.
AB  - Thirty-one proprietary corticosteroid ointments were evaluated for
      vasoconstriction using an occluded blanching test. The results were expressed as
      three parameters: (1) area under the blanching curve, (2) summed % total possible
      score, and (3) square root transformation of sum of scores divided by number of
      volunteers. Experiments were performed to (a) compare the bio-availability and
      activity of the ointments, (b) determine the effect of antimicrobial additivies,
      and (c) assess the retention of steroids in the skin. Scores for the additivie
      containing and 'plain' preparations were within 90% except for Locorten
      Vioform/Locorten (58%). A steroid reservoir in the skin was demonstrated lasting
      for 8-14 days. Selected preparations were re-tested by a non-occluded method. The
      results for the ointments were compared with those previously obtained using the
      corresponding creams.

PMID- 1203182
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in a patient with follicular and dermal mucinosis and
      spontaneous ooze of mucin (mucinorrhoea).
AB  - A patient with follicular and dermal mucinosis is described. Although the skin
      histology was of a benign nature the patient died from an associated underlying
      reticulosis. Spontaneous mucinorrhoea subsided with therapy for Hodgkin's
      disease.

PMID- 1203184
TI  - Multiple keratoacanthomas: association with deficient cell mediated immunity.
AB  - A case of multiple keratoacanthomas associated with deficient cell mediated
      immunity in a 44-year-old male Caucasian is presented. Many attempts to restore
      the lymphocyte function (transfer factor, levamisole) have failed but the
      treatments may have had a curative effect on the development of new lesions. The
      significance of impaired cellular immune defense mechanisms is discussed.

PMID- 1203185
TI  - Editorial: Cutting the coat according to the cloth.

PMID- 1203186
TI  - The simulated tutorial. Method for assessing medical school applicants.
AB  - The simulated tutorial is a method for selecting medical students by their
      performance in a small problem-solving group, currently being tested at McMaster
      University. Four hundred and thirty-two applicants were randomly allocated to
      groups consisting of 5 or 6 members, assigned a group leader, and asked to work
      through two unstructured problem situations in a 50-minute session. Assessors,
      seated behind a one-way mirror, evaluated applicants according to their abilities
      to relate to their peers, to function in the group, and to define issues in the
      problem situations. Feedback from the assessors and applicants suggests that the
      simulated tutorial is potentially useful as a selection tool. All assessors
      thought they were able to evaluate the 5 or 6 applicants in the group in the time
      provided. Nearly 80% of the applicants who anonymously returned questionnaires
      felt they were able to express themselves during their simulated tutorial. The
      data also suggest that applicants with experience in small groups and applicants
      previously rated as having outstanding 'personal qualities' are given higher
      ratings than other applicants. A validation study of the simulated tutorial,
      comparing individual's scores with evaluations of performance in tutorial groups
      in the undergraduate M.D. programme, is currently in progress.

PMID- 1203187
TI  - Entry to medical schools with 'A' level in mathematics rather than biology.
AB  - The majority of British medical schools now accept for their shortest courses
      students who have mathematics at A level in place of the former requirement of
      biology A level. Only a small fraction of the entry, less than one-fifth, enters
      this way, in spite of statements by most medical schools that they make no
      distinction between those with mathematics and those with biology when making
      conditional offers of places. There is no evidence that those without biology are
      at a disadvantage in the courses. If the prospects of entry without A level
      biology were better publicized medical schools would have a wider field of
      possibly abler entrants, and pupils entering sixth forms could defer for a year a
      choice between a medical (or dental) career and one involving physical science,
      engineering, or other mathematics-based university education.

PMID- 1203188
TI  - Comparative study of Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School participation in
      education council ofr foreign medical graduates (ECFMG) examination.
AB  - The achievements of the 874 (55%) medical graduates of Hebrew University-Hadassah
      School who took the ECFMG examination from 1962, when it was introduced in
      Israel, to 1972, were compared with those of candidates from other schools during
      the same period. The achievement level of candidates was high: usually above the
      90th percentile rank position; 80 to 85% of its candidates passed the examination
      (compared to about 40% from all other schools); and the frequency distribution of
      ECFMG examination scores of HUHMS candidates in 1965 revelas a similarity to the
      achievements in American medical schools. The difference between the percentage
      of candidates passing the ECFMG examination from year to year supports the
      contention that the level of difficulty of the examinations varies. Candidates
      taking the examination after several years of clinical experience do not perform
      better. Since only 19% of all HUHMS graduates have gone abroad for postgraduate
      training, and only 11% have remained abroad for 4 or more consecutive years,
      participation in ECFMG has not been reflected in an increase in 'brain drain'.

PMID- 1203189
TI  - Teaching psychological diagnosis and management.
AB  - Teaching experiences have been described which illustrate the medical student's
      tendency to isolate what is learned in psychiatry from clinical work in general
      medicine. This tendency can be minimized by presenting diagnosis as the complete
      assessment of a patient, rather than exclusively as a search for disease. Early
      experience in patient care helps the student broaden his or her concept of
      clinical assessment. An important goal of psychiatric teaching in medical school
      is to help students learn to evaluate the psychological status of the general
      medical patient. Attention is focused upon this evaluation by use of the problem
      orientated record. Since the data base is derived largely from the medical
      history, objectives for the interview are presented in detail. Students are
      encouraged to consider the relations between the patient's psychological status
      and other aspects of the medical problems. Only after they have learned to make
      evaluations of general medical patients, are the psychiatric syndromes
      introduced. An example is presented of a programme in which psychiatric teaching
      is carried out in a surgical ward of a general hospital. Success of such
      programmes depends upon explicit description of goals and methods, and upon
      collaboration with colleagues in other departments who share similar goals.

PMID- 1203190
TI  - Parental attitudes to a clinical examination in paediatrics.
AB  - A selected group of parents, whose children were patients in a recent clinical
      examination, declared, with one exception that this experience was not disturbing
      to them or their child. The overall impression given was of interest in the
      proceedings and of satisfaction that this was a tangible method of expressing
      their gratitude for the care their children had received. Complaints were few and
      related to organization rather than to the examiners or candidates.

PMID- 1203191
TI  - Case methods in teaching organization of medical care.
AB  - This paper describes the use of case methods in teaching the organization of
      medical care on the two year masters course in social medicine at the London
      School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The basic characteristics of the subject
      and of case methods are related and the teaching implications of their
      similarities discussed. Terminology and different kinds of case methods are
      introduced and the objectives of using them on the course are outlined. A brief
      specimen case report is given to illustrate the use of the case methods approach
      in practice. It is emphasized that the effective development and use of case
      methods requires suitable materials, preparation, and teaching skills, and a list
      of the basic requirements is given. It is concluded that case methods of teaching
      have generally achieved their objectives on the course and have been well
      received by the students.

PMID- 1203193
TI  - Survey of biochemical topics used by clinicians in teaching and practice.
AB  - In a pilot survey of biochemical topics, implied and overt, one of us (M.K.)
      attended 14 clinicians in 7 London medical schools during 4 half-day sessions,
      chosen at random, and recorded the activities and their relation to biochemistry.
      The sample was not intended to be representative but aimed at reasonable
      comprehensiveness. A list of twenty 'biochemical and related' topics was derived
      from these records, sent to the clinician for approval and comment, and used for
      rating the incidence of topics during the sampled sessions. Ratings by the two
      authors independently and the clinicians were combined. Collaboration between
      biochemist and clinicians was found crucial for the interpretation of clinical
      events in biochemical terms. Extension of this survey, using a questionnaire
      embodying the 20 biochemical categories, is to serve as a basis for defining
      objectives in biochemistry teaching for medical students.

PMID- 1203192
TI  - A survey of interests in teacher training of health science faculty. Interests in
      teacher training.
AB  - In excess of 1000 members of the faculty at the University of Illinois Medical
      Center completed and returned an 'Educational Needs Inventory'. In general,
      respondents displayed a willingness to pursue several educational topics, through
      short-term seminars and workshops, an interest that was unrelated to present time
      commitments. Questionnaire results also documented that nearly 50% of the faculty
      had educational training in the past and perceived this training as valuable and
      useful to people in instructional roles.

PMID- 1203194
TI  - Editorial: The pursuit of quality.

PMID- 1203195
TI  - Home bases for private work and study. Are multidisciplinary laboratories the
      best answer?
AB  - Since 1970 we have measured the use of our multidisciplinary laboratories as home
      study bases for out-of-hours private work, and find that our students make little
      use of them in this way, preferring to work in study-bedrooms or libraries. We
      consider that there is no need to incorporate private study areas in the design
      of multidisciplinary laboratories, with the result that uncluttered areas with
      free sight lines can be used for a variety of purposes; we suggest that
      multidisciplinary laboratories will evolve in the future along this multi
      purpose, multifunction line.

PMID- 1203196
TI  - Influence of personality on achievement of medical students.
AB  - In this study second year medical students completed a battery of psychometric
      tests which measured both cognitive and non-cognitive personality traits.
      Personality profiles obtained have been compared with reported norms from some
      other published sources. The scores obtained from factor analyses of these tests
      were used as predictors of total achievement in cellular biology and physiology
      over two years. In agreement with reports by other authors we found that the most
      important trait contributing to achievement was introversion/extra-version with
      introversion correlating with high achievement particularly in multiple choice
      tests. Emotional maturity was also a major factor especially as a predictor of
      success in essay tests. General mental ability, verbal skills, and reading
      comprehension appeared as significant predictors of achievement, and these were
      apparently of comparable importance in both kinds of test. Students of foreign
      origin whose first language was other than English tended to perform better in
      essay than multiple choice tests but their overall performance was lower than
      would have been expected from their other personality traits including their
      verbal skills. On the other hand, students resident in college halls tended to
      have better overall performance than expected.

PMID- 1203197
TI  - An innovative course in undergraduate neuroscience. Experiment in problem-based
      learning with 'problem boxes'.
AB  - A novel course in undergraduate neurosciences is described in this paper. The
      course features a 'problem-box' and use of an educational prescription, each
      designed to foster the continual development of problem solving and self-directed
      study skills. The use of a wide range of evaluation tools, stimulated patients,
      questionnaires, tutorial evaluations, and interviews indicated that it was
      successful in its attempt. The philosophy of the design of problem-boxes and the
      problem-solving approach are discussed.

PMID- 1203198
TI  - A medical sociology course in a revised curriculum.
AB  - This article describes some of the factors that have been involved in the
      development of a medical sociology course in a revised undergraduate curriculum
      in the University of Dundee. The course content and the educational techniques
      used are discussed. The aim of the course is to give a sociological perspective
      on medicine which it is hoped will be of value to medical students whatever their
      future careers may be.

PMID- 1203199
TI  - Feedback research in postgraduates on efficacy of education in school of
      medicine.
AB  - At the Medical School, Tirgu-Mures/Romania, in the Alumni Office of the
      Department of Social Medicine, two feed-back researches were performed in 1962
      and 1973 on 100 graduates working in basic medical care, in order to evaluate the
      efficacy of practical medical training. Between 1962 and 1973 efforts have been
      made to bring the medical teaching nearer to the ambulatory practical training.
      The compulsory externship (4 to 6 years), the young students' work as nurses at
      the patients' beds (1 to 2 years), their distribution in rural factory surgeries
      (5 to 6 years), the night duties at medical emergency services (6 years), as well
      as their training in prophylactic medico-hygiene activities brought a lot of
      improvements to the practical training of the students, future general
      practitioners. However, there are problems in this field of hygiene and
      epidemiology, as well as in emergency assistance. The improvement of practical
      education goes on. The next feed-back research is planned for 1976.

PMID- 1203200
TI  - Medical students' retention of knowledge of physics and chemistry on entry to a
      course in physiology.
AB  - In this paper we have assessed the extent to which two cohorts of medical
      students retained skills acquired in two of their basic science courses, i.e.
      physics and chemistry. It has been shown that a great deal of attrition takes
      place with respect to factual information and also, therefore, the capacity to
      apply this information in a relevant manner. It has been argued that this occurs,
      in part, because students do not appear to regard chemistry and physics as a
      useful part of their preparation as doctors and, in part, because of the methods
      used to teach these basic science subjects. Finally, some implications of this
      preliminary study have been discussed.

PMID- 1203201
TI  - Recall and retrieval of anatomical knowledge.
AB  - The performance outcomes of a course in anatomy based on the use of specific
      behavioural objectives and group discussion techniques have been followed up over
      a period of 21 months. At the end of this time attrition of knowledge averaged 17
      5% of the original performance. 72% of students still performed at better than
      pass level. Performance levels on retest were significantly associated with
      original levels of performance and were significantly better in respect of items
      'reinforced' by subsequent teaching in other subjects. It is suggested that the
      performance on retest also reflected the nature of the original course, which was
      dependent on the use of general and specific behavioural objectives and on active
      learning methods using group discussion techniques.

PMID- 1203202
TI  - Reasons for differential performance in multiple choice and essay tests.
AB  - 1. Previous studies with preclinical students demonstrated that there were
      factors other than topic content which produced significant differences in
      performance in multiple choice (MC) and essay (E) tests. 2. In this study second
      year medical students completed a battery of psychometric tests measuring both
      cognitive and non-cognitive personality traits. 3. The scores obtained after
      factor analyses of these tests were used as predictors of the difference in
      performance in 6 matched pairs of MC and E achievement tests over 2 years. 4.
      Students with high scores in a factor associated with introversion achieved
      better results in MC tests than would have been expected from their performance
      in E tests. On the other hand, students whose first language was not English did
      not perform as well in MC as they did in E tests. 5. Students with high scores in
      a factor associated with emotional maturity and illegible writing performed
      better in E tests than would have been expected from their MC results.

PMID- 1203203
TI  - Internal reliability of MCQ tests: a modification of the KR20 formula to meet a
      special case.

PMID- 1203204
TI  - Multiple choice questions. The debate goes on.
AB  - The clinical comprehensive examination given to Pahlavi University medical
      students in their last year was designed to include three types of questions:
      multiple choice questions (MCQ's) testing factual recall, MCQ's measuring
      clinical problems solving ability, and simulated patient management problems
      (PMP's). The scores of the three types of questions were compared with the five
      year cumulative class standing and with each other. It was found that the class
      standing was very highly correlated with MCQ's testing for recall of information.
      The relation progressively lessened with problem solving MCQ's and PMP's. In the
      extremes of class standing there was no significant correlation with problem
      solving MCQ's and a significant but negative correlation with PMP's. Similar
      results were obtained when recall type MCQ's were compared with problem solving
      MCQ's and PMP's. It is concluded that the various determinants of class standing
      (MCQ's, oral exams, 'performance' reports, etc) are probably based on ability for
      factual recall and that the usual variety of MCQ's are a poor discriminating
      index of medical competence. It is, however, possible to write MCQ's that are
      better able to measure the more significant objectives of medical education.

PMID- 1203205
TI  - Computerization of a patient management problems examination to prevent
      'retracing'.
AB  - During 1973, a 10-patient, linear PMP examination was administered in both
      written and computerized form to 104 candidates for certification by the American
      Board of Pediatrics and to 122 individuals in their first month of graduate
      training in paediatrics. Both groups made significantly more errors of omission
      (failure to select appropriate actions) and fewer correct diagnoses on the
      computerized version of the test than on the written version. These results
      suggest that examinees 'retrace' (use clues from problems near the end of the
      case to make additional correct decisions on earlier problems) when the test is
      presented in written form and that computerization prevents this phenomenon.
      Additional analyses indicated that the reliability of the PMP examination was
      essentially the same for the written and computerized versions, that both forms
      distinguished about equally well between first-year residents and candidates, and
      that both forms had about the same magnitude of correlation with the American
      Board of Pediatrics oral examination. Finally, correlation between both PMP forms
      and the American Board of Pediatrics multiple-choice examination suggested that
      the PMP, in either mode of presentation, measures characteristics that are not
      tapped by the multiple-choice test. Thus, computerization of the PMP provides a
      means for controlling a variable (retracing) which may be considered extraneous
      to the desired measurement, but it does not appear to alter the reliability of
      the test or to modify its relations with other measures.

PMID- 1203206
TI  - Difficulties in postgraduate training of foreign paediatric residents and interns
      in child psychiatry.
AB  - In a new program of teaching and consultation in child psychiatry for paediatric
      interns and residents, many of them of foreign birth, several approaches were
      tried: individual case consultation; screening conferences; experiential groups;
      didactic sessions. None succeeded very well. As a result of this experience,
      however, we have been able to identify some of the problems of the foreign
      students (and our own), which made the more usual educational approaches
      ineffective with them, and to determine better approaches. Some of the students
      had personal problems of adjustment, most were relatively unfamiliar with the
      culture, others could not communicat adequately and had scant psychiatric
      knowledge, and almost all were accustomed to an entirely different student
      teacher relation. The most effective way of dealing with these problems was found
      to be through one-to-one supervision and consultation. Didactic sessions were
      changed to focus on specific ways to handle specific problems, with only simple,
      not very theoretical reading material used. With the growth of personal
      relations, informal consultation and teaching increased, and the formal programme
      became more successful.

PMID- 1203207
TI  - Role of Canadian family medicine teacher in continuing medical education.
AB  - This article is an attempt to illustrate diagrammatically and analyse the
      continuing medical education needs of the family physician throughout his entire
      career. It goes on to suggest how these needs may be met and puts forward the
      theory of the 'expanded university' which would include practising physicians in
      the community as members of faculty. This would encourage an osmotic-like
      interchange of students, full-time faculty, and practising physicians.

PMID- 1203208
TI  - Textbooks -- a new approach.
AB  - A new approach to medical textbooks has been applied by a team comprising a
      publisher, educationalist, and subject specialist. The binding of the book can be
      opened so that additional material can be added and the pages rearranged.
      Illustrations are printed on separate sheets so as to be available for study at
      any point in the text. An interdisciplinary approach has been adopted throughout
      and each section of the book examines the subject from a different viewpoint, for
      example, a disease, a clinical presentation, or an approach to therapy. An
      important feature is the separation of core material from additional material.
      Layout and design have been used to facilitate learning and to make possible the
      use of the book for reference and revision.

PMID- 1203209
TI  - A foreign body in the rectum presenting as a vulval abscess. A case report.
AB  - A case of trans-rectal impaction of a foreign body in the perineum is reported.
      The importance of rectal palpation during pelvic examination is re-emphasized.

PMID- 1203210
TI  - The influence of abnormal glucose tolerance (hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia) on
      pregnancy outcome when oestriol excretion is subnormal.
AB  - Subnormal urinary oestriol excretion was present in 611 (13.9 per cent) of 4403
      consecutive patients in whom a glucose tolerance test had been performed and
      urinary oestriol excretion measured during the third trimester of pregnancy.
      Hypoglycaemia (less than 5th centile) had a significant association with
      subnormal oestriol excretion. The perinatal mortality rate was significantly
      higher in the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance when oestriol excretion was
      low. Normoglycaemia was associated with a perinatal mortality rate of 1.7 per
      cent when oestriol excretion was persistently low, whereas in the presence of
      hyperglycaemia (greater than 95th centile) the perinatal mortality rate was 12.5
      per cent (P less than 0.01) and when there was hypoglycaemia the rate was 14.8
      per cent (P less than 0.001). Small-fordates babies occurred in 46.3 per cent of
      pregnancies complicated by hypoglycaemia and persistently subnormal urinary
      oestriol excretion. The advantage of routine urinary oestriol assay and glucose
      tolerance testing in pregnancy is emphasized.

PMID- 1203211
TI  - Progression in response patterns of fetal heart rate throughout labour.
AB  - A study of 70 fetal heart rate (FHR) traces throughout labour has allowed
      analysis of FHR responses associated with approximately 7000 individual uterine
      contractions. The significance of the less emphasized FHR patterns has been
      assessed and an attempt has been made to identify any trend or progression in the
      occurrence of these patterns. Transient acceleration was the most frequently
      occurring response in early labour and was the first observed response in the
      majority of cases. Decelerations became prevalent as labour progressed. A
      hypothesis is proposed to explain the observed overall progression in FHR
      responses and the possible physiological mechanisms underlying the cyclic changes
      in response patterns which occur throughout the course of labour.

PMID- 1203212
TI  - Circulating levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation fragment E in normal
      pregnancy, and in association with intrauterine growth retardation and perinatal
      asphyxia.
AB  - Levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products have been measured by aspecific
      and sensitive radioimmunoassay for degradation fragment E (FgE) in pregnant
      patients. Maternal FgE levels rose from the 16th week reaching a plateau at the
      36th week in normal pregnancy. There was no correlation between maternal FgE
      levels and maternal age, parity or the occurrence of perinatal asphyxia. A
      minority of patients (5 per cent) with evidence of intrauterine growth
      retardation showed prolonged elevation of FgE levels.

PMID- 1203213
TI  - Smoking, human placental lactogen and birth weight.
AB  - Human placental lactogen (HPL) was measured in 525 serum samples from 144
      pregnant women and related to smoking habits and the birth weight of their
      infants. Women smoking during pregnancy were found to have a level of HPL
      significantly lower than the non-smokers (p less than 0.05). A significant
      correlation between HPL and birth weight was found (r=0.38); p less than 0.001)
      which remained significant when smoking was held constant (r=0.35; p less than
      0.001). There was no relationship between birth weight and smoking when HPL was
      held constant.

PMID- 1203214
TI  - The effects of stilboestrol and quinestrol upon coagulation and fibrinolysis
      during the puerperium.
AB  - Two oestrogens, stilboestrol and quinestrol, were used to inhibit lactation and
      their effects upon coagulation and fibrinolysis were compared with control
      patients before delivery, during the puerperium and six weeks after delivery.
      During the first week of the puerperium, stilboestrol therapy was associated with
      rises of factors IX and X and quinestrol therapy with rises of factors IX and II.
      Six weeks after delivery, the clotting factors were similar to the control values
      in those who had received stilboestrol but factor II was still raised in the
      quinestrol treated patients. Additionally, a significant rise of factor X in the
      quinestrol group was noted at this time. Plasma antithrombin levels rose during
      the first week of the puerperium in all three groups but, six weeks after
      delivery, they were lower in those who had received oestrogens. Stilboestrol and
      quinestrol were also associated with a rise of plasminogen and antiplasmin
      concentration during the first week of the puerperium. Six weeks after delivery,
      quinestrol treated patients still had raised levels of plasminogen and
      antiplasmin while the stilboestrol treated patients only had raised levels of
      antiplasmin. These changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis are similar to those
      reported during oral contraceptive therapy. The persisting changes six weeks
      after delivery in women who had taken quinestrol might indicate an increased
      thrombogenic risk when long acting oestrogen preparations are used to inhibit
      lactation.

PMID- 1203215
TI  - Cortisol metabolism after oral contraceptives: total plasma cortisol and the free
      cortisol index.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of cortisol, cortisol resin uptake ratio (cortisol RUR) and
      free cortisol index (FCI) were measured in women taking combined
      oestrogen/progestogen and progestogen only oral contraceptives. Compared to
      control subjects, women taking the combined pill had elevated cortisol and
      cortisol RUR values in both the morning and afternoon but there was no
      significant change in FCI. Women taking the progestogen only pill had essentially
      normal levels of cortisol, cortisol RUR and FCI at both times of the day. As far
      as could be judged, diurnal variation of total cortisol and FCI remained
      unimpaired in women taking both types of pill. The FCI measurements indicated
      that there was no significant increase in metabolically active cortisol in women
      taking either the combined oestrogen/progestogen or the progestogen only type of
      oral contraceptive.

PMID- 1203216
TI  - Serum immunoglobulins and C-reactive protein in patients using intrauterine
      contraceptive devices.
AB  - Serum IgA, IgG, IgM and C-reactive protein levels were measured over a 12-week
      period in 20 women using the intrauterine contraceptive device. No significant
      amount of serum C-reactive protein was detected at any time. Alterations in the
      serum immunoglobulin levels are discussed.

PMID- 1203217
TI  - Endometrial granulocytes in proliferative endometrium.
AB  - Endometrial granulocytes were found in significant numbers in proliferative,
      hyperplastic and carcinomatous endometrium. The significance of this observation
      is discussed.

PMID- 1203218
TI  - A large hamartoma (angioleiomyolipoma) arising from the uterine cervix.
AB  - A pelvic mass removed from an asymptomatic 52-year-old woman proved to be a large
      angioleiomyolipoma arising from the cervix and lying within the broad ligament.
      It was histologically unusual in that it incorporated structures reproducing the
      sinuses of lymph nodes.

PMID- 1203219
TI  - Editorial: Fluorescein and diabetes.

PMID- 1203220
TI  - Sclero-cornea and defective mesodermal migration.
AB  - A 5-month-old boy with bilateral sclero-cornea, multiple systemic abnormalities,
      and normal karyotype had his left eye removed after corneal perforation.
      Histopathological examination of the enucleated eye revealed an irregular corneal
      epithelium, absent Bowman's membrane, thickened and vascularized stromal
      lamellae, absent Descemet's membrane and endothelium, no angle structures,
      hypoplasia of the iris and ciliary body, and total kerato-iridic adhesions. A
      profound defect in embryogenesis due to defective mesodermal migration during the
      earliest phase of mesoderm differentiation is postulated as the causative factor
      in this case.

PMID- 1203221
TI  - Early breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in diabetes.
AB  - The blood-retinal barrier plays an important part in the processes of retinal
      pathophysiology. A new clinical method for the study of the blood-retinal barrier
      by vitreous fluorophotometry appears to satisfy the necessary requirements in
      that it is quantitative and shows good reproducibility and high sensitivity. The
      application of this method  to a series of diabetic patients with apparently
      "normal" fundi revealed the presence of a significant breakdown of the blood
      retinal barrier in the early stages of retinal involvement in diabetes. The
      extent of the breakdown can be measured allowing for comparative and evolutionary
      evaluations. The disturbance of the blood-retinal barrier, as evidence by
      vitreous fluorophotometry, appears before microaneurysms or capillary closure can
      be demonstrated by fluorescein angiography.

PMID- 1203223
TI  - Fluorescein angiography in carotid ischaemia.
AB  - A cheap and safe screening method for demonstrating ocular ischaemia using
      fluorescein angiography is described and illustrated.

PMID- 1203222
TI  - Neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis.
AB  - Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder in which ocular involvement occurs in about
      one-quarter and neurosarcoidosis in 7 per cent of patients. When the retina is
      involved, the reported incidence of central nervous system sarcoidosis is 37 per
      cent. The patient described had a transient papular eruption of the legs,
      bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, polyarthralgia with knee effusions, and
      bilateral facial and peripheral neuropathy. Ocular involvement was characterized
      by anterior uveitis (in the initial stages), vitreous flare, bilateral disc
      oedema, macular oedema, streak haemorrhages, peripheral periphlebitis, nerve
      fibre bundle defects, and candle-wax spots. Fluorescein angiography showed no
      fluorescence of the candle-wax spots nor of the adjacent vessels. However, there
      was hyperfluorescence of two retinal lesions. This patient had unilateral
      internal ophthalmoplegia, only three cases of which have been reported in the
      literature. Her health was restored by heavy, prolonged corticosteroid therapy.
      Her family history revealed that an uncle died of sarcoidosis complicated by
      cryptococcal meningitis. The literature on retinopathy in sarcoidosis is reviewed
      and the lesions noted in the posterior segment are listed.

PMID- 1203224
TI  - Effect of benzalkonium chloride on the stability of the precorneal tear film in
      rabbit and man.
AB  - Benzalkonium chloride, a surface-active preservative commonly used in eyedrop
      preparations, has been shown to hasten the drying of the precorneal tear film. In
      the rabbit, 0.01 per cent benzalkonium (the concentration usually employed as a
      preservative) shortened the time required for the appearance of dry spots on the
      corneal surface by a factor of about four. In man, an approximately twofold
      hastening was demonstrated. This effect is thought to preclude the use of this
      substance as a preservative in eyedrop preparations for use as local
      anaesthetics.

PMID- 1203225
TI  - Editorial: Immunosuppressive treatment for uveitis.

PMID- 1203226
TI  - Acute presumed histoplasmosis of the optic nerve head.
AB  - A 38-year-old man from the Ohio Valley area presented to the Ophthalmology Cinic
      at a west coast hospital (USA) because of sudden loss of the right inferior
      temporal visual field after severe right frontal headache of several hours'
      duration. During the following months, diffuse peripapillary atrophy and
      peripheral punched-out lesions developed. When he had been seen initially, the
      fundus of the left eye had also revealed extensive, diffuse, peripapillary
      atrophy and scarring. All laboratory tests were normal except a histoplasmin
      intradermal skin test. The clinical appearance of both eyes 8 months after the
      acute episode in the right eye supports the diagnosis of presumed ocular
      histoplasmosis.

PMID- 1203227
TI  - Drusen of the optic disc. A retrospective study in cadaver eyes.
AB  - A retrospective study of 737 consecutive necropsies yielded 15 cases of drusen of
      the optic nerve head, an incidence of 20-4 cases per thousand. This represents
      the highest incidence yet reported. The histopathological features of drusen of
      the nerve head included elevation of the nerve head, compression of optic nerve
      fibres, partial optic atrophy, cytoid bodies, disc haemorrhages, juxtapapillary
      retinal scarring with haemosiderin deposition, calcification, and iron deposition
      within drusen.

PMID- 1203228
TI  - Trachoma in the Sudan. A laboratory study.
AB  - Out of 46 patients in the Sudan who had been diagnosed clinically as having
      trachoma 25 strains of the trachoma agent were isolated. Bacterial contamination
      was easily controlled by streptomycin and vancomycin. On repeated passaging,
      chick embryos lost their susceptibility to the trachoma agent during the summer.

PMID- 1203229
TI  - Incidence of aphakic macular oedema. A prospective study.
AB  - A prospective angiographic study of 77 aphakic eyes demonstrated cystoid macular
      oedema in 36 eyes (46-7 per cent) 6 to 7 weeks postoperatively. This subsequently
      resolved in 16 eyes, improved in eight, and was no better or worse in five (eight
      patients failed to return for follow-up). Of those patients with cystoid oedema,
      16-6 per cent had a visual acuity of less than 6/12 at the time of the original
      examination; this was reduced to 13-8 per cent at the time of the follow-up
      study. The mean visual acuity of the group with oedema improved from 6/9 to 6/7-5
      between the two examinations compared with 6/6 in the remaining 53-3 per cent
      without oedema. Preoperative ocular or general disease, specific surgical
      technique, and vitreous loss were not shown to be associated with macular oedema.
      However, there was some indication that intraocular inflammation predisposed to
      macular oedema.

PMID- 1203230
TI  - Posterior vitreous detachment after cataract extraction in non-myopic eyes and
      the resulting retinal lesions.
AB  - A series of 54 non-myopic aphakic eyes with no signs of posterior vitreous
      detachment and 63 non-myopic aphakic eyes with various stages of posterior
      vitreous detachment was followed-up for a period of 6 months to 6 years. Over
      half of the eyes with no vitreous detachment when first examined developed
      various stages of posterior vitreous detachment during the follow-up period; in
      10 eyes this was accompanied by entopsies with or without photopsies and three
      eyes developed five new retinal tears. In over half of the eyes with partial
      vitreous detachment when first examined, the vitreous detachment continued to
      progress causing retinal detachment in one eye. Late vitreous detachment in non
      myopic aphakia or the completion of a partially-detached vitreous could account
      for the higher incidence of retinal tears in this group of eyes.

PMID- 1203231
TI  - Pilocarpine dispensation for the soft hydrophilic contact lens.
AB  - The use of hydrophilic soft contact lenses for dispensation of pilocarpine is
      described. The release rate of pilocarpine from three materials of different
      water content was estimated and from this the surface concentrations were
      calculated. It is estimated that PolyHEMA can after 15 hours provide a 1 per cent
      surface concentration of pilocarpine, whereas higher water content materials (70
      and 85 per cent) halve this, although they provide a much higher concentration in
      the first few hours of use. These results are based upon pre-soaking in 4 per
      cent pilocarpine solution. Because contact lenses present a management problem,
      this method of dispensation will be used only for selected cases. Some clinical
      examples treated successfully over a 20 month period are discussed.

PMID- 1203233
TI  - Myopia-aphakia. I. Prevalence of retinal detachment.
AB  - Retinal detachment after cataract extraction occurred in nine out of 136 eyes
      with myopia of 6 or more dioptress (6-7 per cent), during a follow-up period of 1
      1/2-9 1/2 years. Five of the nine detachments occurred within 3 months of
      cataract extraction. All patients with retinal detachment were under the age of
      63 years. Relatively young patients with high myopia bear a special risk of
      developing retinal detachment after lens extraction. The possible reason for this
      is discussed.

PMID- 1203232
TI  - Dark-without-pressure fundus lesions.
AB  - Seven black patients had dark brown homogeneous geographical areas of the fundus.
      Six cases were associated with sickle cell haemoglobinopathies and one was
      associated with systemic hypertension. These flat lesions were uniform in colour
      and occurred in the posterior pole or in the midperiphery. They appeared to be
      transient and often disappeared leaving no residue. The cause is unknown. By
      analogy with white-without-pressure fundus lesions, we have called these areas
      dark-without-pressure.

PMID- 1203234
TI  - Myopia-aphakia. II. Vitreous and peripheral retina.
AB  - Biomicroscopical examination of the vitreous and peripheral retina was performed
      on 103 aphakic eyes with myopia of at least -6-0 dioptres. Retinal breaks were
      found in 19 eyes (18-4 per cent). Posterior vitreous detachment was present in
      all but one of the eyes. The high prevalence of retinal breaks in aphakic eyes
      with high myopia is compatible with the high incidence of retinal detachment in
      such eyes.

PMID- 1203235
TI  - Cilio-retinal arterial circulation in central retinal vein occlusion.
AB  - The hypothesis that an occlusion of the central retinal artery is an essential
      prerequisite for haemorrhage formation after central retinal vein obstruction has
      been investigated by examining the fundus changes in patients with a cilio
      retinal arterial circulation; the findings are at variance with the 'combined
      occlusion hypothesis'. Comparisons were made between the pathological features in
      two retinal capillary beds with independent sources of arterial supply--namely,
      the central retinal and cilio-retinal arteries--but with an obstructed venous
      drainage channel common to both--namely, the central retinal vein. The importance
      of intraluminal pressure changes (as distinct from perfusion changes) in the
      causation of haemorrhages and oedema after venous occlusion is stressed, and the
      role of arterial disease in the pathogenesis of venous occlusions is
      distinguished from its role in determining the sequelae of such occlusions.

PMID- 1203236
TI  - Multiple major retinal vascular occlusions in sickle cell haemoglobin C disease.
AB  - A case of multiple occlusions of different sized arterioles involving the central
      area of the fundus has been reported in a patient suffering from sickle cell
      haemoglobin C disease (SC).

PMID- 1203237
TI  - Disc oedema in congenital amaurosis of Leber.

PMID- 1203239
TI  - Spot-lights for eye surgery.

PMID- 1203238
TI  - Complete avulsion of the optic nerve. A clinical, angiographic, and
      electrodiagnostic study.
AB  - A case of traumatic complete avulsion of the optic nerve is reported together
      with fluorescein angiography and electrodiagnostic findings. Despite the
      disappearance of the central vessels, circulation remained in the branch retinal
      vessels and angiography demonstrated communication between peripapillary
      choroidal vessels and the superior temporal artery. The visually-evoked cortical
      response was abolished. Electroretinography showed a normal a-wave but reduced
      amplitude b-wave, not supporting the theory of the existence of centrifugal
      retino-suppressive fibres in the optic nerve of man.

PMID- 1203240
TI  - Diathermo--trabeculotomy ab externo. A new technique for opening the canal of
      Schlemm.

PMID- 1203241
TI  - Letter: Hyoscine butylbromide and the oculo-cardiac reflex.

PMID- 1203242
TI  - The investigation of peptide-oligodeoxythymidylic acid interactions using
      template chromatography.
AB  - Poly(vinyl alcohol) has been substituted with oligodeoxythymidylic acid and the
      resulting polyanion irreversibly attached to DEAE-cellulose via ionic bonding.
      Peptide-oligonucleotide interactions have been studied using a column
      chromatography technique with the PV(pT)n-DEAE-cellulose as stationary phase. Of
      all the naturally occurring amino acids, only tryptophan and to a lesser extent
      tyrosine intreact significantly with the immobilized oligodeoxythymidylic acid
      residues under the conditions for base pairing. The homopolymers of tryptophan
      and tyrosine undergo greater retardation than the monomers, such that the effect
      is not additive but multiplicative. Thus Tyr-Tyr-Tyr shows an eightfold and Trp
      Trp-Trp an approximately 30-fold larger retardation than tyrosine and tryptophan,
      respectively. The peptide-oligonucleotide interaction decreases considerably when
      nonaromatic amino acids are present in the peptide. Consequently, naturally
      occurring peptides and proteins which contain relatively small amounts of
      tryptophan and tyrosine compared with the nonaromatic amino acids undergo at the
      most only slight retardation on the PV(pT)n-DEAE-cellulose. The retention of
      oligonucleotides and peptides containing these aromatic amino acids is due in
      both cases mainly to base stacking (roughly 67% of the total interaction) but
      involves different mechanisms. Thus, the peptides interact preferably with the
      cellulose matrix whereas the oligonucleotides with the immobilized
      oligonucleotides. Interaction via hydrogen-bond formation makes up the remaining
      33% of the total interaction. The oligonucleotides and peptides of the mobile
      phase interact with each other also via this mechanism. The strength of the d(pA
      A-A) interaction is roughly that of Trp-Trp whereas d(pA-A-A-A) is weaker than
      Trp-Trp-Trp.

PMID- 1203243
TI  - Biosynthesis of the polyoxins, nucleoside peptide antibiotics: glutamate as an
      origin of 2-amino-2-deoxy-L-xylonic acid (polyoxamic acid).
AB  - The biosynthetic origin of the carbon skeleton of 2-amino-2-deoxy-L-xylonic acid
      (polyoxamic acid) is described. This aminoaldonic acid is the N terminus of the
      nucleoside peptide antibiotics, the polyoxins, produced by Streptomyces cacaoi
      var. asoensis. In vivo experiments concerning incorporation and distribution of
      radioactivity from a number of 14C-labeled compounds have clearly shown that the
      carbon skeleton of glutamate is a precursor for this aminoaldonic acid and sugars
      are incorporated only after their conversion into gluamate through the glycolytic
      and the tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways. Experiments utilizing [14C]-acetate
      and succinate have also indicated multiple passages through the Krebs cycle are
      operating before their incorporation into polyoxamic acid via glutamate. The
      distribution of 14C between C-1 and C-5 of polyoxamic acid from [5-14C]glutamate
      experiment has indicated that 40% of glutamate incorporated only after the
      reversible conversion into alpha-ketoglutarate followed by the passage through
      the Krebs cycle. Lack of incorporation of 3H in the [1-14C;2-3H]- and [5-14C;2
      3H]glutamate experiments is discussed in terms of a reaction(s) between glutamate
      and polyoxamic acid.

PMID- 1203244
TI  - The mechanism of action of vinblastine. Binding of [acetyl-3H]vinblastine to
      embryonic chick brain tubulin and tubulin from sea urchin sperm tail outer
      doublet microtubules.
AB  - Tritium-labeled viblastine, specific activity 107 Ci/mol, was prepared by
      acetylation of desacetylvinblastine with [3H]acetic anhydride, and has been
      employed in a study of vinblastine binding to tubulin. There are two high
      affinity vinblastine-binding sites per mole of embryonic chick brain tubulin (KA
      = 3-5 X 10(5) l./mol). Binding to these sites was rapid, and relatively
      independent of temperature between 37 and 0degreeC. Vincristin sulfate and
      desacetylvinblastine sulfate, two other active vinca alkaloid derivatives,
      competitively inhibited the binding of vinblastine. The inhibition constant for
      vincristine was 1.7 X 10(-5) M; and for desacetylvinblastine, 2 X 10(-5) M. The
      vinblastine binding activity of tubulin decayed upon aging, but this property was
      not studied in detail. Vinblastine did not depolymerize stable sea urchin sperm
      tail outer doublet microtubules, nor did it bind to these microtubules. However,
      tubulin solubilized from the B subfiber of the outer doublet microtubules
      possessed the two high affinity binding sites (KA = 1-3 X 105 l./mol). These data
      suggest that vinblastine destroys microtubules in cells primarily by inhibition
      of microtubule polymerization, and does not directly destroy preformed
      microtubules.

PMID- 1203245
TI  - Fat metabolism in higher plants. Production of short- and medium-chain acyl-acyl
      carrier protein by spinach stroma preparations treated with cerulenin.
AB  - Incubation of stroma preparations from spinach chloroplasts with low
      concentrations of cerulenin (10 muM) resulted in severe inhibition of fatty acid
      synthesis but stimulated the release of medium-chain acids in very high
      proportions (60-70%). Preincubation of these preparations with cerulenin in the
      absence of substrate exerted no additional effect on subsequent fatty acid
      synthesis (as measured by incorporation of [14C]acetate into fatty acids) or the
      pattern of radioactive acids obtained. Acyl-protein, acyl-CoA, free fatty acids
      and lipids were resolved from each other and analysed for their distribution of
      14C-labelled fatty acids. Acyl-protein derived from cerulenin-treated
      preparations was the only fraction which contained short- and medium-chain acids
      (C6--C12). The other fractions from both control and cerulenin-treated groups
      consisted exclusively of C16 and C18 acids. Acyl-protein was purified by gel
      filtration chromatography and was characterized as acyl-acyl carrier protein.

PMID- 1203246
TI  - Organ and intracellular localization of short-chain acyl-CoA synthetases in rat
      and guinea-pig.
AB  - 1. Homogenates of rat epididymal fat pad, heart, kidney, lactating mammary gland,
      liver, skeletal muscle and small intestinal mucosa have been partitioned into a
      particulate and supernatant fraction. With reliable marker enzymes for the
      mitochondrial matrix and the cytosol: propionyl-CoA carboxylase and pyruvate
      kinase, the distributions of the acyl-CoA synthetase activities measured at 1 and
      10 mM C2, C3 and C4 over mitochondria and cytosol have been calculated. From
      these values an estimate was made of the K0.5 of the fatty acids. 2. A distinct
      fatty acid-activating enzyme was assumed to be present in one of the compartments
      when that fatty acid was activated with a K0.5 less than or equal to 1.5 mM in an
      amount of greater than 13% of the total cellular activity. Adipose tissue, gut,
      liver and mammary gland, all organs of a high lipogenetic capacity, contained a
      cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthetase. At 1 mM acetate 60, 31, 77 and 83% of the total
      cellular activities in these organs were cytosolic in nature, with activities of
      0.021, 0.32, 0.37 and 1.16 mumol C2 activated per min per g wet weight,
      respectively. 3. Mitochondrial acetyl-CoA and butyryl-CoA synthetases were found
      in adipose tissue, gut, heart, kidney, mammary gland and muscle. They were absent
      in liver. Adipose tissue and liver contained a mitochondrial propionyl-CoA
      synthetase with activities at 1 mM C3 of 0.014 and 1.50 mumol C3 activated per
      min per g wet weight, respectively. 4. At 1 mM, C2 was activated with decreasing
      rates by kidney, heart, mammary gland and gut (7.6-1.0 mumol C2 activated per min
      per g wet weight). C3 (1 mM) activation was about equal (1.6-1.9 mumol C3
      activated per min per g wet weight) in liver, kidney and heart. C4 (1 mM) was
      activated with decreasing rates by heart, liver, kidney and gut (4.0-0.5 mumol C4
      activated per min per g wet weight) in the order given. 5. The influence of the
      isolation method and the diet on fatty acid activation in small intestinal
      mucosal scrapings have been studied. To demonstrate the existence of cytosolic
      acetyl-CoA synthetase in fed animals a pre-treatment of everted intestine by low
      amplitude vibration has been found essential. Also C16 activation was highly
      (95%) decreased in a non-pre-vibrated preparation. 24 h starvation lowered
      cytosolic C2 and total C16 activation by 90 and 80%, respectively. Refeeding of
      starved rats with a balanced fat-free diet, and not with sucrose only, gave the
      same cytosolic C2 and total C16 activation as normally fed rats. 6. In guienea
      pig heart, kidney, liver and muscle about the same partitions have been found as
      in the respective rat organs. The acetate activation in liver was factor 6 lower.
      Acetate and butyrate activation in guinea-pig muscle was much higher (6 and 37
      times, respectively).

PMID- 1203247
TI  - Brain lipids from the porpoise (Delphinus delphis). Phosphoglycerides rich in
      isovaleric acid and long-chain iso-acids.
AB  - The whole brain of a porpoise (Delphinus delphis) comprised 23.1 wt% of
      phospholipids on a dry weight basis. Ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (36.6 wt%),
      choline phosphoglycerides (27.3 wt%), and serine phosphoglycerides (16.9 wt%)
      were the major components of the phospholipids. A unique feature of the data was
      the occurrence of large amounts of isovaleric acid in choline phosphoglucerides
      (28.1 mol%) and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (6.4 mol%), together with 11.6 and
      15.2 mol% of long-chain (C11--C16) iso-acids, respectively. Interestingly, serine
      phosphoglycerides did not contain detectable amounts of isovaleric acid although
      trace amounts of long-chain iso-acids were present. No previous evidence exists
      to show that appreciable amounts of a short-chain acid can be accommodated in
      animal phospholipids. The occurrence of isovaleric acid in the principal
      phosphoglycerides of the porpoise brain elicits an interest in how such an
      anomalous structure is accommodated in the lipid bilayers of the neural
      membranes.

PMID- 1203248
TI  - Ether lipid metabolism. Incorporation of O-hexadecyl ethanediol into rat brain
      lipids.
AB  - 1-O-[1'-14C]Hexadecyl ethanediol was administered intracerebrally to myelinating
      rat brain, and incorporation of radioactivity into brain lipids was followed over
      a 48-h period: (1) O-Hexadecyl ethanediol was metabolized primarily through
      oxidative ether bond cleavage, and much of the label was recovered in
      phospholipid acyl groups. (2) Substantial amounts of radioactivity were also
      found in choline and ethanolamine phospholipids having an O-hexadecyloxyethyl
      glycerol backbone. This means that alkyl ethanediol was used in glycerol ether
      biosynthesis as are long-chain primary alcohols. (3) Acidic hydrolysis of the
      ethanolamine glycerophosphatide fraction yielded also labeled hexadecanol which
      may indicate desaturation of 1-O-hexadecyloxyethyl 2-acyl glycerophosphoryl
      ethanolamine to the plasmalogen analogue. (4) Small amounts of the substrate were
      oxidized to O-hexadecyl glycolic acid and incorporated into the phospholipids.
      The substrate did not serve as precursor of O-hexadecyl ethanediol
      phosphorylcholine or phosphorylethanolamine in the brain.

PMID- 1203249
TI  - Gangliosides of the human gastrointestinal mucosa.
AB  - Gangliosides of the human alimentary mucosa were purified and analysed with thin
      layer chromatography and gas chromatography. The content of ganglioside
      neuraminic acid was 0.16 mumol/g dry weight in the stomach, 0.07 mumol/g dry
      weight in the small intestine and 0.11 mumol/g dry weight in the large intestine.
      Mono- and disialosylhemosides were the major gangliosides, on a molar basis 68%
      of the total found in the stomach and 44% of the total in the small and large
      intestine. Considerable amounts of more complex gangliosides were found,
      especially in the small and large intestine, in which the molar content of tri-
      and tetraglycosylgangliosides containing galactosamine made up 38% of the total.
      Two glucosamine-containing gangliosides were also found, the probable structures
      of which were mono- and disialotetraglycosylceramide. The presence of the latter
      is reported for the first time.

PMID- 1203250
TI  - Ceramides of human normal and cataractous lens.
AB  - Ceramides were quantitatively isolated from human normal and cataractous lens by
      solvent extraction, silicic acid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and
      gas-liquid chromatography. Only two species of ceramides with normal fatty acids
      were detected. In the mature cataracts, there was an increase in palmitate and
      nervonate at the expense of the other fatty acids. Due to the increase of 24 : 1,
      the ratio of 24 : 1/24 : 0 increased significantly from normals to cataracts.
      Sphinganine was the major long-chain base, but 4-sphingenine was also present.
      The total amount of ceramides in the immature and mature cataracts was 1.8 and
      3.0 times higher than the normals of the same age group. Such an increase does
      not seem to be the result of an age-dependent process.

PMID- 1203251
TI  - Biosynthetic studies on mannolipids and mannoproteins of normal and vitamin A
      depleted hamster livers.
AB  - The incorporation of [1-14C]mannose into hamster liver glycolipids and
      glycoproteins was studied in normal and vitamin A-depleted hamsters. Severly (25%
      weight loss) and mildly (no weight loss) deficient animals were compared to
      vitamin A-fed controls. The incorporation of [14C]mannose into glycolipids and
      glycoproteins decreased in mild and severe vitamin A deficiency by 63-90%
      compared to vitamin A-fed animals. These results were essentially the same
      whether expressed per g of wet liver, per DNA or per protein. The size of the
      pools of mannose, glucose and galactose and their specific radioactivity in liver
      were determined by gas-liquid chromatography of the boronates of the hexitols
      (Eisenberg, Jr, F. (1972) Methods Enzymol. XXVIIIB, 168-178) in normal and
      vitamin A-deficient conditions. It was found that the amount of free hexoses per
      g of liver was very similar in normal and vitamin A-deficient conditions. The
      specific radioactivities for mannose and glucose were greater in vitamin A
      deficiency, thus excluding the possibility that the observed severe decrease in
      glycopeptide and glycolipid synthesis is a reflection of a similar decrease in
      the specific radioactivity of the precursor pools. Quantitation of mannose in
      glycoprotein showed a 79% decrease in vitamin A deficiency. Specific
      radioactivity of mannose in glycoproteins, 20 min after injection of the label,
      was 187 dpm/mug of mannose in the normal and 48 kpm/mug of mannose in the vitamin
      A-deficient livers. It is concluded that vitamin A is necessary for the
      biosynthesis of liver mannose-containing glycoproteins and glycolipids.

PMID- 1203252
TI  - Genetic control of sterol esterification in developing wheat endosperm.
AB  - 1. The action of gene Pln, previously characterized by the sterol ester patterns
      of mature whole wheat kernels, has been found to be restricted to the endosperm
      and not to affect the embryo, the pericarp or the seed coat. 2. The dominant
      allele Pln, which determines a sterol ester pattern with palmitate as the main
      ester, is also responsible for a low level of free sterol at maturity. A high
      level of free sterol is associated with the recessive allelet pln, which
      determines an ester pattern with linoleate as the main ester. 3. Divergence
      between the two phenotypes starts at about 21 days after anthesis, when cell
      proliferation has been completed, the aleurone layer has differentiated, and only
      cell enlargement is taking place. A marked increased in esterification, mainly by
      palmitate, which is controlled by the dominant allele, is concomitant with a
      sharp decrease in free sterol. 4. The increased net esterification is non
      specific with respect to 4-demethyl sterols, because it affects the four main
      ones, namely sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and cholesterol.

PMID- 1203253
TI  - Crystallization and properties of rat liver malate dehydrogenase
      (decarboxylating) (NADP).
AB  - Rat liver malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP) ((L-malate: NADP)
      oxidoreductase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating), EC 1.1.1.40) was purified and
      crystallized from medium containing 30 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.7), 5 mM MgCl2
      and 2 mM 2-mercaptoethanol. The enzyme formed rhomboid crystals free from
      coenzyme, and appeared homogeneous on isoelectric focusing. The crystalline
      enzyme had an isoelectric point of pH 6.3. Amino acid analysis showed that it
      contained more acidic amino acids than basic ones.

PMID- 1203254
TI  - Determination of the subunit molecular weight of hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase from human erythrocytes by recovery of enzyme activity
      from sodium dodecyl sulphate gels.
AB  - The molecular weights of the subunits of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) from human erythrocytes were determined
      with a simple novel method, including electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate
      gels, gel slicing, elution of protein from the gel slices and enzyme reactivation
      in the presence of the substrate 5-phosphorylribose-1-pyrophosphate. As molecular
      weight standards glutaraldehyde-polymerized polypeptides of human haemoglobin
      were used. The experiments clearly showed the existence of molecular weight
      differences in human erythrocyte hypoxanthine-quanine phosphoribosyltransferase.

PMID- 1203255
TI  - Lack of specific correlation of the deoxycytidine triphosphate pool level with
      rate of DNA synthesis.
AB  - The levels of the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools and the
      distribution of cells in the various phases of the cell cycle have been examined
      in Chinese hamster cells as thymidine, present as a regular constituent in the
      growth medium, was removed in stages. The results indicate that: 1. Duration of
      the DNA synthetic phase was lengthened when thymidine was removed from the growth
      medium. 2. Temporally correlated with lengthening of the DNA synthetic phase upon
      thymidine removal was a 7-fold increase in level of the dCTP pool, reduction in
      the dGTP pools, and little or no change in dATP pool. 3. Radioactive labeling
      procedures indicated that expansion of the dCTP pool could be completely
      accounted for by increased ribonucleotide reductase activity and that the dTTP
      pool switched from a largely exogenous thymidine source to endogenous dTTP
      synthesis as the extracellular thymidine concentration was reduced. 4.
      Deoxyuridine and thymidine were apparently transported by the same system in
      Chinese hamster cells, while deoxycytidine was transported by a different system.
      Although deoxycytidine transport was unaffected by thymidine, phosphorylation of
      intracellular deoxycytidine compounds to the triphosphate level was stimulated by
      thymidine. Cytidine transport was not significantly affected by thymidine.

PMID- 1203256
TI  - Dissociation of the DNA replicase system of bovine lymphocyte nuclei.
AB  - Exposure of S-phase nuclei or subnuclear preparations from phytohemagglutinin
      stimulated bovine lymphocytes to 0.02 M ATP caused an immediate and almost total
      loss of their ability to replicate DNA in vitro. Other ribonucleoside and
      deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates caused a similar inhibition of DNA replication.
      Levels of ATP which inhibit replication cause the release of DNA polymerases
      alpha and beta and small pieces of DNA from these nuclei. This release occurs
      both at 4 and 37 degrees C. The data support the conclusion that high levels of
      ATP or other nucleoside triphosphates inhibit DNA replication in nuclei by
      dissolution of the DNA replication complex. The limited success in reconstitution
      of the DNA replicase complexes is discussed.

PMID- 1203257
TI  - Physical studies on the binding of cis-dichlorodiamine platinum (II) to DNA and
      homopolynucleotides.
AB  - The amount of cis-dichlorodiamine platinum (II) bound to DNAs of varying (dA +
      dT) content was assayed by both ultraviolet absorbance spectrophotometry and the
      use of the radioisotope 1 9 5 Pt. Radioisotope labeling indicates twice as much
      bound platinum as do optical measurements. The molar ratio of bound platinum r at
      saturation is approximately half the sum of the nearest-neighbor frequencies of
      all base-pairs that do not contain thymine. We therefore conclude that platinum
      does not bind to thymine in DNA. Chromatographic studies with (14C) purine
      labeled DNA indicate preferential binding of platinum to guanine, followed by
      binding to adenine. The luminescence properties of DNA and of homopolynucleotides
      are strongly affected by bound platinum as a result of a heavy-atom effect. A
      plot of the fluorescence-to-phosphorescence ratio as a function of r gives a
      saturation binding curve similar to that obtained using 1 9 5 Pt. Ultraviolet
      irradiation of DNA treated with the platinum compound results in a 30% increase
      in the rate of formation of thymine homocyclobutadipyrimidine. When acetophenone
      sensitization is employed, platinum binding enhances cytosine
      homocyclobutadipyrimidine formation 10-fold presumably because the triplet level
      of cytosine complexed with platinum is lowered below that of acetophenone. The
      viscosity of DNA decreases sharply upon binding platinum, with half the change
      occuring when less that 6% of the bases are complexed. From the rate of reaction
      with formaldehyde, we conclude that binding of the platinum compound to DNA
      induces small denatured regions that unwind in the presence of formaldehyde with
      a rate about 40 times slower than that of a single-strand chain break.

PMID- 1203258
TI  - Temperature sensitivity of protein synthesis initiation in the reticulocyte
      lysate system. Reduced formation of the 40 S ribosomal subunit - Met-tRNAf
      complex at an elevated temperature.
AB  - Analysis of protein synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate system revealed
      the existence of a temperature-sensitive step in chain initiation which became
      irreversibly inactivated in the incubation at 42 degrees C. This inactivation of
      initiation was accompanied by a marked reduction in formation of the 40 S
      ribosomal subunit - Met-tRNAf complex. Decreased protein synthesis and a decrease
      in formation of the 40 S complex were also evident in unfortified lysates which
      had been prewarmed at 42 degrees C prior to protein synthesis. Hemin did not
      protect such lysates. The addition of supernatant fraction of a fresh lysate did
      not promote recovery of the reduced protein synthesis by such prewarmed lysates.
      Moreover, the addition of supernatant fraction prewarmed at 42 degrees C in the
      presence of added hemin caused little inhibition of protein synthesis by fresh
      lysate. The results indicate that the supernatant fraction is not involved in the
      inactivation.

PMID- 1203259
TI  - Elongation factor 2 as the target of the reaction product between sodium selenite
      and glutathione (GSSeSG) in the inhibiting of amino acid incorporation in vitro.
AB  - The product of the reaction between sodium selenite and glutathione, designated
      as selenodiglutathione (GSSeSG), nearly completely inhibits amino acid
      incorporation from [14C]leucyl-tRNA by free polyribosomes isolated from rat
      liver. The mechanism of this inhibition was studied on the basis of the following
      three findings. Glutathione decomposes GSSeSG  to harmless products; GSSeSG acts
      instantaneously on some component of the complete incubation system during
      preparation of the incubation vessels (at 0 degrees C); once GSSeSG has reacted
      its inhibitory effect cannot be reversed by glutathione. Accordingly, the effect
      of GSSeSG on the various steps of the amino acid incorporation process was
      studied by varying the sequence of additions of the reaction components, GSSeSG
      and GSH. The results of these and other experiments showed elongation factor 2 to
      be target of GSSeSG. The GSSeSG-B blocked factor could be regenerated by
      reduction with glutathione reductase and NADPH.

PMID- 1203260
TI  - Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in Rhizobium vigna and Rhizobium trifolii.

PMID- 1203261
TI  - [Application of rare-earth elements as labels in studying biologically active
      compounds. III. Natural and magnetic circular dichroism of complexes of rare
      earth elements with pyridoxalidene amino acid complexes].
AB  - Circular dichroism of pyrodoxalidenaminoacid complexes with rare earths and other
      metals and magnetic circular dichroism of several neodimium complexes are
      investigated. CD spectra of the complexes of the rare earths with azometines made
      of different amino acids could be classified into four groups. Some of the CD
      spectra are shown to be individual. The dependence of the CD spectra on the rare
      earch ion dimension is considered. Coordination of the rare earth ions is shown
      to be the same as in the case of zinc, cobalt, iron or copper.

PMID- 1203262
TI  - [Instability and excitation propagation in a catalytic reaction model. II.
      Distributed system model].
AB  - The regime of excitation propagation in monomeric model of active medium is
      considered. Conditions exist when the phase plane falls into two regions in both
      of which the equations are linear and their automodel solutions are found
      analytically. After connecting the solutions a transcendental algebraic equation
      is obtained, from which the values of excitation propagation rate can be found.
      The trigger wave has one rate value the propagating impulse--two (physically
      realised--one). There is a parameter region with four rates (three physically
      realised ones).

PMID- 1203263
TI  - [Temperature changes in ribonuclease].
AB  - Deuteroexchange kinetics of ribonuclease is studied by the change of IR-spectra
      in the range of 1400--1900 cm-1 at different temperatures in solutions with two
      pD values, 2.6 and 5.1. It is shown that in the pre-denaturational temperature
      range the enthalpy of unfolding is 1.5 kcal/mol, i. e. two orders lower than the
      enthalpy of unfolding in the denaturational temperature range (100--120
      kcal/mol). Thus in the pre-denaturational range of temperatures the disclosure of
      a compact protein structure can proceed at the expense of separate non
      cooperative disruptures of bonds. However, the concentration of these disruptures
      is so low that they cannot give an explanation to the observed pre-denaturational
      macroscopic changes of protein.

PMID- 1203264
TI  - [Experience in the use of synchrotron radiation for the x-ray study of
      biopolymers].
AB  - The results of methodical work, carried out on the sources of synchrotron
      radiation (SR) with the aim of using SR as a powerful source of X-rays for
      studying biopolymer structure, are presented. The questions of monochromatization
      are considered. The technique designed for photoregistration of diffraction
      patterns within the wide range of scattering angles is described. X-ray
      diffraction patterns of feather ceratin, collagen and striated muscle are
      obtained with exposure periods ten times less than those in the case of X-ray
      tubes. The high resolution of diffraction lines, the absence of parasitic phone
      and the presence of reflections within the wide range of scattering angles are
      characteristic of these patterns.

PMID- 1203265
TI  - [Impulse photoconductivity of solutions of ohlorophyll and its analogs. III.
      Photoconductivity of hexanol solutions of chlorophyll a in the presence of n
      benzoquinone. Kinetic and temperature measurements].
AB  - It is shown that an increase deltasigma of electroconductivity of chlorophyll "a"
      (Chlalpha) solution in hexanole in the presence of n-benzoquinone (Q) under
      impulse illumination of solution is proportional to flash intensity:
      deltasigma=1(0,99+/-0,07). Dependence deltasigma on solution temperature is of an
      exponential character with the activation energy Esigma=0,30+/-0,01 ev. In the
      temperature range studied (248--298 degrees K) the ratio between the
      recombination velocity constant and the mobility of ion-radicals Chlalpha+ and Q
      (Kp/mu) is shown to be equal (8+/-1)X 10(-8) cm-v. The activation energy for the
      dissociation of coulomb pair (Chlalpha+Q-) into free ion-radicals
      Epiapproximately0,1 ev is evaluated. The value of total mobility of negative and
      positive ion-radicals is calculated from the date obtained and literature ones:
      mu=(1,0+/-0,2)X10(-5) cm2/v-sec.

PMID- 1203266
TI  - [Interaction of the nuclear proteins protamine and histone with charged bilayer
      membranes].
AB  - The interaction of nuclear proteins of protamine and histone with neutral and
      charged BLM was studied. Anion and cation detergents were used to create the
      surface charge. The surface density of charges in BLM was comparable with that in
      biomembranes. Protamine and histone increased the electroconductivity of
      negatively charged BLM for anions and cations correspondingly. It is suggested
      that the surface charge of the membrane may influence the ion transport directly
      and indirectly due to the interaction of the membrane structures with charged
      proteins present in the surrounding medium.

PMID- 1203267
TI  - [Fluorescence analysis study of the structural lability of biomembranes and their
      components. I. Bovine serum albumin].
AB  - The binding constants, quentum yield and temperature dependence of the
      fluorescence of ionic (1-anilinonaphtalin-8-sulphinate) and neutral (N-phenyl-1
      naphtylamine) probes were studied on the molecules of bovine serum albumine with
      the change of pH and solution ionic strength. On the basis of the data obtained
      the nature of sorbing forces and structural properties of the albumine molecule
      concerned are discussed.

PMID- 1203269
TI  - [Characteristics of Debye potentials in cell structures].
AB  - The activity of the cellular system is accompanied by the changes of substrate
      concentrations and excreted substances in the medium. This event brings about
      essential changes of the medium electrical properties. For the accomplishment of
      stationary metabolism the following condition should be fulfilled B=--2nsquare
      rootA, where n=1,2...., A and B are some functions depending on the diffusion
      coefficient of the substrate and excrement, their molecular weights, dissociation
      coefficients, membrane permeabilities and other parameters of the cellular
      structure.

PMID- 1203268
TI  - [Fluorescence analysis study of the structural lability of biomembranes and their
      components. II. Higher fatty acids].
AB  - Binding constants, quantum yield and temperature relationship of the fluorescence
      of ionic (1-anilinonaphtalene-8-sulphonate-ANS) and neutral (N-phenyl-1
      naphtalamine-PNA) probes have been studied on micellae and ufasomes of natural
      fat acids. The following regularities have been obtained: 1. The Anion dye (ANS)
      sharply decreases the intensity of fluorescence on fat acid structures while
      alkilating the medium, it is not practically bound with them at pH-7; 2. The
      neutral dye (PNA) shiws no fluorescence on micellae of the limited fat acids and
      is comparatively well bound with urasomes. The binding constant quantum yield of
      PNA fluorescence significantly decreases during the transition from the ufasomes
      of oleic acid to those of polyunsaturated fat acids. 3. The temperature
      relationship of PNA fluorescence intensity sorbed on oleic acid ufasomes shows
      twists in the region of 16--20degreesC and 46--52degreesC. The first transition
      is connected with the melting of potassium oleate.

PMID- 1203270
TI  - [Formation of purple membranes during salt bacteria cultivation].
AB  - Experiments have been carried out on cultivation of halophile with probe
      selection in the interval of 1--2 hours to record the spectra of repeated
      disturbed completed inner reflection. Periodicity in the changes of spectral
      characteristics of the culture with the interval of 20--24 hours is revealed. A
      clearly expressed dichroism of the amid II band of the membrane complex is found,
      the absence of this dichroism in the protein isolated from the membrane complex
      is stated. It is suggested that dichroism revealed is a specific feature of the
      presence of purpuric membranes in the cells. Spontaneous plane orientation of
      protein macromolecules in purpuric membranes is established. The level of
      dichroism of amid II band is shown to depend on fermentation conditions of salt
      bacteria.

PMID- 1203271
TI  - [Photochemical and spectral properties of photosystem-2 subchloroplast fragments,
      highly purified from photosystem-1 mixtures].
AB  - A rather simple method of isolation of photosystem 2 fragments, which are highly
      purified from Photosystem 1 admixture, has been developed on the basis of
      combined action of detergents and differential centrifugation. The isolated
      fragments are characterized by insignificant content of P700 (one molecule per
      10500 molecules of chlorophyll) and by high ratio of band values at 685 and 735
      nm in the low temperature emission spectrum of fluorescence (F685/F735=5.9). The
      data on photochemical activity and ability for photoinduced changes in
      fluorescence prove that the activity of Photosystem 2 is retained both at the
      level of reaction centre operation and at that of water photooxidation with
      oxygen evolution.

PMID- 1203272
TI  - [Spectrophotometry of individual Chlorella cells].
AB  - A research of optical properties of individual microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
      cells was performed under various conditions of cultivation. On the basis of cell
      absorption spectra measurements in the visible spectrum region chlorophyll "a"
      absorption maxima are estimated to fall within the intervals of 669-675 nm for
      the red region of the spectrum and 429--436 nm for the blue one. Concentration of
      chlorophylls in the cells of the diameter from 2,8 up to 3,3 micrometers was
      found to increase considerably for algae grown both in continuous denisty static
      and periodical regimes. Integral optical density of individual Chlorella cells in
      the range of 400-750 nm grows with cell diameter increase. This increase appears
      to be most intensive in the cells grown in density static regime. A correlation
      was also established between algae cell dimensions and the general maxima
      position (correlation coefficient has a positive sign and absolute value near
      unit). With cell diameter growth the absorption maxima shift to the region of
      long waves.

PMID- 1203273
TI  - [Quantum productivity of different areas of the spectrum during cultivation of an
      asynchronous Chlorella culture].
AB  - The data are given of calculation of quantum productivity of chlorella
      asynchroneous culture during 7 hour development in different spectrum regions.
      High quantum productivity when chlorella develops in the green spectrum region is
      shown.

PMID- 1203275
TI  - [Use of a mathematical model of erythropoiesis to study the recovery process in
      mice exposed to acute x-ray irradiation].
AB  - The model described in the preceding paper was used (after introducing several
      further presumptions of a radiobiological nature) for the interpretation of the
      dynamics of erythropoietic recovery, experimentally studied by the authors in
      mice after acute X-irradiation. The solution of equations in the model was
      carried out by a digital computer, finding some (not yet experimentally
      determined) quantitative characteristics of the system by trial and error. A
      satisfactory degree of agreement in the behaviour of the model with the
      experimentally determined course of recovery seems to indicate the validity of
      the basic assumptions of the model, esp. the existence of the negative feedback
      between erythroid populations of the bone marrow and spleen.

PMID- 1203274
TI  - [Effect of light of different spectral composition on pigment accumulation,
      productivity and effectiveness of use of absorbed energy in photosynthesis during
      the developmental cycle of Chlorella].
AB  - The paper deals with the effect of light of different spectral composition on the
      duration of developmental cycle, pigment accumulation, productivity and
      efficiency of the use of absorbed energy in photosynthesis during the
      developmental cycle of Chlorella. An extremely high efficiency of using the green
      spectrum region in photosynthesis (21,0%) was observed. The efficiency of using
      absorbed radiation of the red (12%) and blue (6%) spectrum regions is also very
      high, but significantly lower than that of the green one. The activity of
      metabolic processes in Chlorella cells differs in various spectrum regions during
      different developmental cycles and is determined by the acting spectrum.

PMID- 1203276
TI  - [Rate of excitation propagation in a reduced Hodgkins-Huxley model. II. Slow
      relaxation of the sodium current].
AB  - The influence of sodium current activation on the value of nerve excitation
      conduction velocity is investigated on the basis of Hodgkin-Huxley model. The
      potassium activation and sodium inactivation are considered as slow processes
      which do not develop to an appreciable extent in the region of conduction
      velocity formation. The system of equations was derived and solved analytically
      after neglecting the dependency of sodium relaxation time on potential; the
      approximation of steady-state sodium activation was also used with the help of
      Hevyside function. The algebraic equation for conduction velocity was obtained;
      its solution has a simple analytical form in two limits of rapid and slow sodium
      current relaxation. The comparison with the experimental data has shown that at
      not very high temperatures the slow (compared to the potential dynamics) sodium
      current relaxation approximation is more appropriate. The dependency of impulse
      velocity on capacitance and conductance of the fiber was analyzed.

PMID- 1203277
TI  - [Evaluation of synaptic potential dynamics from evoked impulse activity of
      neurons].
AB  - To evaluate intracellular potentials in the region of spike initiation of
      function lambda (t) is suggested which describes the dependence on time of the
      density of conditional probability of generation by the neuron of the first
      impulse in response to the stimulus. Qualitative correspondence of the dynamics
      of membrane potentials and function lambda (t) is demonstrated on the analog
      model. The application of the function lambda (t) to the classification of the
      neurons of auditory system is shown to be promising. The difference between the
      function lambda (t) and normalized poststimulus histogram allows to evaluate the
      refracteriness of the neuron.

PMID- 1203278
TI  - [Model of the impulse activity of a neuron receiving a stationary impulse imput].
AB  - The stationary model of spike activity of a single neuron is considered. This
      model exponential decay and constant threshold can be described as discontinuous
      one. The problem of calculation of Laplas' transform the probability density
      function (PDF) of interspike interval (ISI) can be reduced to the boundary
      problem for the usual differential equation. For the exponential PDF of the
      magnitude of the PSP the Laplas' transform of ISI PDF is expressed by special
      functions. The mean and standard deviation of ISI for different combinations of
      parameters were plotted with the aid of computer. The experiment without
      intracellular recoding, allowing to estimate the values of certain physiological
      parameters of a neuron on the basis of the model is proposed.

PMID- 1203279
TI  - [Method of evaluating the synaptic input to a single mesencephalic neuron].
AB  - The mathematical model of the spike activity of a neuron with synaptic input from
      many other neurons [1], describes adequately the firing of 5 from 7 neurons in
      the tegmentum of mesencephalic cat and changes of their activity evoked by
      glutamate iontophoresis. For these 5 neurons the estimates of the PSPs' average
      frequency of the threshold depolarization and of the constant decay of the EPSP
      were received. For different neurons the values of these parameters are 4--100
      KHz, 100--800 average unitary EPSPs and 4--30 msec correspondingly. The
      stationary value of the average membrane potential (SVAMP) in all 5 neurons was
      removed significantly from the resting potential toward the threshold potential.
      SWAMP could be changed by the glutamate iontophoresis in such a degree to overlap
      the threshold potential.

PMID- 1203281
TI  - [Correlation model of object recognition by echolocating animals].
AB  - The model proposed in an attempt to find out physical bases of object perception
      during echolocation. It is shown that echolocational perception can be provided
      with correlational treatment of corresponding signals. The character of objects
      is determined by the comparison by echo probing accepted in the given cycle with
      typical distortions remembered in the course of individual experience of the
      animal. The distortions take place during the reflection of the probing impulse
      from these or those objects. "Binding" of the objects according to distance may
      be carried out by using the choice of typical distortions for corresponding
      correction of the copy of probing impulse, serving as a bearing signal of
      distance correlometer. The response of correlometer to the echo from correctly
      perceived target increases. The block-scheme of such correlation perception
      during echolocation is given. Performance of some experiments allowing to check
      and refine the model considered.

PMID- 1203280
TI  - [Work of the human visual system. I. Adequate visual stimulus].
AB  - It is shown that the adequate stimulus permitting to detect the presence of
      colour differentiation in the visual field is the change of relative space-time
      differences of light actions in different retinal points. Differences only in
      space or only in time are not sufficient for perception.

PMID- 1203282
TI  - [Kinematics of metachronous walking. III. Invariants].
AB  - The concept of a kinematic space for a locomotor system is introduced and regime
      of locomotion is defined as a continued one-dimensional manifold of this space.
      The problem of describing of locomotion is set (settled) by kinematic invariants.
      It is shown that metachrony of such millipedes as Scolopendra and Julus can be
      considered as a special case of some "relativity principle", on the basis of
      which the expression of metachrony invariant has come out. The attempt is made to
      use this principle for the determination of step's invariants of each individual
      leg too.

PMID- 1203283
TI  - [Model representation of rat motor behavior during electric self stimulation of
      the brain. II. Concretization of function shape. Comparison with experiment].
AB  - In this chapter the function of activity of the motor behavior in selfstimulation
      situation and function of the stimulation of the brain are determined. Solutions
      of the equation give the relation between the motor behavior and parameters of
      stimulation. The solutions agree with many experimental data in selfstimulation
      situation in the Skinner's box.

PMID- 1203284
TI  - [Letter: Duration of chlorophyll a fluorescence in Chlorella cells in relation to
      temperature].

PMID- 1203285
TI  - [Letter: Study of the chemiluminescent flash and lipid peroxidation in
      erythrocyte membranes].

PMID- 1203286
TI  - [Letter: Origin of modulation of vestibulospinal neuron activity during
      scratching].

PMID- 1203287
TI  - [Letter: Relation of cell separation during mouse liver dispersion to
      temperature].

PMID- 1203288
TI  - [Photovoltaic effect in pigment films in contact with an electrolytes. V. Theory
      of the Becquerel photovoltaic effect in porous films of phthalocyanine].
AB  - In accordance with literature and our experimental data a theoretical analysis of
      the model system metal-porous film of the pigment-electrolyte was carried out at
      stationary illumination in the regimes of photocurrent and photopotential. The
      main properties and positions of the model are supported experimentally. Specific
      behaviour of the photovoltaic system considered resides in the discovered
      dependence of the transfer mechanism on the value of catode potential of the
      electrode.

PMID- 1203289
TI  - [Frequency relations of capacitance and conductance of the system electrolyte-
      membrane--electrolyte in a model framework].
AB  - An electrodiffusion model of immediate permeability of ions through the lipid
      membrane was considered. The model suggests the existence of finite immovable
      layers of the electrolyte near the membrane. A technique is given for
      linearization and obtaining analytical solutions of the time-dependent
      electrodiffusion equations for one ion species. The expression for admittence of
      the system was obtained. The model allowed to obtain the curves of c (omega) and
      g (omega) which agreed with the empiric ones.

PMID- 1203291
TI  - [Comparison of discrete models of charge transfer in thin membranes. I.
      Stationary regime].
AB  - The model of the ion transport through thin membranes is discussed. It is assumed
      that there exist some steps of the ion transfer in the membrane volume. Theory of
      absolute rate of processes is used to derive an equation for stationary
      transmembrane flow. As a result the thory parameters are connected with the form
      of potential energy curve of permeable ions into the membrane phase.

PMID- 1203292
TI  - [Properties of bilayer lipid membranes with different surface charges in the
      presence of tetraalkylammonium salts].
AB  - It is shown that with the growth of the radius of tetraalkylammonium ions the
      conductivity of the membrane increases. With an increase of the dimensions of
      penetrating ions the maximum cation selectivity reached in the beginning
      decreases with a further growth of cation radius. A negative charge on the
      membrane surface results in a higher cation selectivity and conductance mechanism
      is observed at the transition to the cations with a large radius at their high
      enough concentration in the aqueous solution. It can be explaind by the formation
      of triplet in the membrane phase which aid in the penetration of C1-.

PMID- 1203290
TI  - [Distribution of small hydrophobic molecules in membranes. I. Artificial lipid
      membranes].
AB  - A hydrophobic uncharged fluorescent probe of 4-dimethylaminochalcone (DMC)
      interacted with synthetic phospholipid membranes. Comparison of absorption
      spectra and fluorescence of DMC in the membranes and organic solvents shows that
      in the membranes the DMC molecules are located not in the hydrocarbon layer but
      in the polar regions near the surface. The probe is distributed regularly along
      the surface forming no dimers and clusters. Polar groups which surround the probe
      in the membrane are less mobile than the molecules of organic solvents at the
      same temperature. The evaluation shows that the relaxation time of polar groups
      in the probe environment is longer than 0.15-10(-9) sec. The DMC molecules may be
      located in different sites of the membrane surface, which seem to differ from one
      another in the mobility of polar groups.

PMID- 1203293
TI  - [Use of the fluorescent probe method to study the interaction of barbiturates
      with biological membranes].
AB  - The binding of the negatively charged fluorescence dye ANS and neutral dye NPN2
      with lipid and erythrocyte membranes in the presence of barbiturates was studied.
      It was found that barbiturates decreased the amount of binding sites of ANS and
      NPN2 with membranes did not affect the quantum yield and the dissociation of the
      membrane-dye complex. It was shown that all barbiturates investigated were bound
      with the membranes in a neutral form.

PMID- 1203294
TI  - [Permeability of plane bilayer lipid membranes in the presence of sarcoplasmic
      reticulum vesicles].
AB  - Interaction between vesicles of sarcoplasmic reticulum (VSR) and bilayer lipid
      membranes (BLM) was investigated. VSR were added into the membrane-surrounding
      solution. For the formation of complex VSR-BLM the surface of BLM was charged
      positively by adding 10(-6) M acetyltrimethylammonium bromide and the
      transmembrane electrical potential was applied in the negative direction (the
      positive direction was chosen from inner section of camera with VSR to outer
      section). The formation of complex VSR-BLM proceeds via two stages. The second
      stage is accompanied by the formation of nonselective channels of conductivity,
      perhaps, aqueous pores.

PMID- 1203295
TI  - [High resolution NMR study of mitochondria and submitochondrial fragments].
AB  - The PMR spectra of mitochondrias, inner and outer mitochondrial membranes and
      also, matrix and intermembrane material are presented. The essential effect of
      sonication on the structure of inner membranes of mitochondrias is demonstrated.

PMID- 1203296
TI  - [Rate of excitation propagation in a reduced Hodgkins-Huxley model. III.
      Integrodifferential equations].
AB  - The Hodgkin - Huxley system of equations is reduced to single integral
      differential equation in neglection of slow variables dynamics. Two limiting
      cases of fast and slow sodium activation processes are considered. The first case
      leads to a nonlinear differential equation for the potential, the second one - to
      an ordinary differential equation with a known source as a function of
      coordinate. Such a simplification is due to approximation of steady-state sodium
      activation variable with the help of Heviside function. The validity of this
      approximation is discussed; the corresponding error is estimated by calculation
      of the second approximation for the source function.

PMID- 1203297
TI  - [Model of a passive 3-dimensional anisotropic syncytium as a continuous medium].
AB  - A model is being proposed for analysis passive electrical properties of the
      syncitium with anisotropy. In terms of the model the potential is expected to
      decay as approximately e-r/r with an increase of the distance, r, from a
      polarising electrode. Input resistance of the three-dimensional syncitium loosely
      depends upon the resistance of electrogenic membrane, and thus should be mainly
      accounted for by the resistances of the myoplasm and intercellular contacts.

PMID- 1203299
TI  - [Principles of neuronal organization. I. Memory as a process of information
      transmission].
AB  - The process of memory is considered as the process of information transmission
      from "wrighter" to "reader" with an aid of memory device. A special attention is
      paid to memory which work with errors: "false memorising" and missing some words.
      The results obtained are useful for evaluation of possibilities of neuronal
      memory circuits of Brindley-Marr type.

PMID- 1203298
TI  - [Study using the Noble model of excitation propagation through a branching node].
AB  - Excitation propagation through a branching node with 3 thin branches fused into a
      thick one has been studied on Noble model. When the ratio of the diameters of
      thin and thick branches equals 1 : 10 the propagation is blocked. When the
      diameter ratio is 1 : 8 and excitation comes asynchroneously (along one of input
      branches 10 msec later than along two others) a 30 msec delay of propagation is
      observed. The importance of the results obtained for explaining atrio-ventricular
      delay is discussed.

PMID- 1203300
TI  - [Mathematical model of autoimmunity].
AB  - A mathematical model of autoimmunity is developed. This model is a system of two
      nonlinear differential equations, which describe the concentration dynamics of
      tissue cells and agressive lymphocytes. An analysis of the solutions shows that
      this model reproduces general behaviour of autoimmune diseases.

PMID- 1203301
TI  - [Work of the human visual system. II. Color].
AB  - In the first part of this work [1] the author presented the expression for so
      called adequate visual stimulus. This expression describing the change of
      relative space - time differences of light actions in different retinal points
      defines the conditions necessary for producing visual sensations. In this paper
      author makes a statement that the quality of visual sensation (the percieved
      colour) can be evaluated by integrating the expression for the adequate visual
      stimulus both in time and in space. The integration in space is fulfilled
      starting from the extreme periphery of the retina, which is usually illuminated
      by scattered light averaged over the whole visual field. Human visual system
      works in such a way that the light action in the extreme periphery plays a role
      of the unit for scaling of visual sensations.

PMID- 1203302
TI  - [Spectral characteristics of stimuli and responses in a complex receptive field].
AB  - Responses of a complex receptive field of visual cortex of the cat are determined
      by the energy of stimuli in the band pass of equivalent space frequency
      characteristic of the receptive field. This is a proof that the complex receptive
      fields are spatial frequency band pass filters.

PMID- 1203303
TI  - [Transformation of angular accelerations by the semicircular canal system of the
      vestibular apparatus].
AB  - Transformation of angular accelerations by the system of three semicircular
      channels is considered which takes into account mutual influence of vertical
      channels through a common crus.

PMID- 1203304
TI  - [Computer modeling of human movements].
AB  - A dynamic model for studying man's movements is proposed. Lagrange equations of
      the second order are used. Differential equations of the model are presented in
      the matrix form, and all the coefficients involved are calculated from recurrent
      formulae. The dynamic model described is easily algorythmized. Differentiating
      operations can be thus avoided which are realized on electron computers with
      difficulities.

PMID- 1203305
TI  - [Modeling human spatial movement].
AB  - The problem of determining biodynamical characters of human locomotion in space
      is considered. The method for calculating the forces and the moments in joints
      for 15-link model of support-motive apparatus of man is discussed.

PMID- 1203306
TI  - [Letter: Effect of the salt composition of the medium on the stoichiometry and
      stability of polynucleotide--monomer complexes].

PMID- 1203308
TI  - [Letter: Possibility of applying the methods of statistical mechanics to the
      description of biocoenoses].

PMID- 1203307
TI  - [Letter: Relation of the microviscosity of detergent micelles to the
      photochemical activity of chlorophyll].

PMID- 1203310
TI  - [Internal rotation potentials in polynucleotides].
AB  - An empirical potential function for internal rotation around P-O bonds in
      polynucleotides is suggested. Its parameters have been determined taking into
      account the result of quantum mechanical calculations for dimethylphosphate.

PMID- 1203309
TI  - [Temperature dependence of the electronic absorption spectra of polynucleotides
      and their components].
AB  - The temperature dependence of UV-absorption spectra of solutions nucleic bases,
      nucleosides, nucleotides and metilated bases, uncapable of tautomerization has
      been studied. The nature of such dependence, its connection with hypochromic
      effect is discussed. It is shown that for some methods of investigating
      polynucleotides it is necessary to take into account the temperature changes
      spectra of monomers.

PMID- 1203311
TI  - [Dynamic model of protein behavior in water].
AB  - In the basis of the suggested model lies the hypothesis that during the evolution
      process biological macromolecules "learnt" to use the ability of water through
      cooperative transition from the rigid phase to the liquid one without a change in
      free energy for the regulation of their conformation. In accordance with the
      results of a number of investigations it is assumed that the protein molecule
      exists in thermodynamic equilibrium between two conformers with different
      accessibilities of nonpolar cavities to water and with different effective
      volumes. Deformation of both or one of the conformers under the effect of
      specific or nonspecific influences removes the system (protein+water) from the
      equilibrium, and as a result of the relaxation process the system achieves a new
      equilibrium state. A change in the equilibrium constant between the conformers
      determines the change of the average protein volume. The entropy and entalpy of
      protein and water in the system (protein+water) change during this process in a
      counterphase manner. Phase transition of water, involved between the subunits of
      oligomeric protein, may play a significant role in the mechanisms of allosteric
      effects.

PMID- 1203312
TI  - [Interaction of human serum albumin with luminol].
AB  - Chemoluminescent and fluorescent studies of the interaction between serum
      albumine and luminole have been carried out. An increase of chemoluminescent
      intensity and quenching of luminole fluorescence dependent on protein
      concentration has been observed. Possibility of complex formation and the
      mechanism of fluorescence quenching with luminole are discussed.

PMID- 1203313
TI  - [Effect of aniline and hydrazine derivatives on reversible oxygen addition in
      model systems of cobalt complexes of etioporphyrin and alpha, beta, gamma, delta
      tetraphenylporphine].
AB  - The influence of aniline and hydrazine derivatives on the reversible oxygenation
      of cobaltous complexes of etioporphyrin I and alpha,beta,gamma,delta
      tetraphenylporphin has been studied by means of ESR and electronic spectra. The
      formation of stable six-coordinated complexes with the said reagents prevents the
      oxygenation. The excess of hydrazines cause the destruction of porphyrin nucleus.
      The formation of intermediate dihydroporphyrins (chlorins) has been noticed.

PMID- 1203314
TI  - [Photopotential during the photochemical reaction of chlorophyll with
      duroquinone].
AB  - Under the illumination of ethanol solutions of chlorophyll "alpha" and "beta" in
      the presence of duroquinone positive photopotential (PP) appears, the sign of
      which is not changed with an increase of pH. However, if duroquinone is used,
      which had been illuminated with white light in the absence of air, in ethanol,
      which results in an increase of concentration of its reduced forms, at neutral
      weakly alkaline pH the PP sign gets negative. This fact supports the assumption
      that the change of PP sign at the change of pH when parabenzoquinone is used as
      an oxidizer results from the change of the direction of electron transfer during
      photoreaction. During photoreaction of pheophytin incapable of photooxidation
      with duroquinone and disposed to photoreduction, PP at all pH is negative.

PMID- 1203316
TI  - [Participation of oxygen in the reduction of methylviologen, photosensitized by
      chlorophyll, in an aqueous solution of detergent].
AB  - Dependence of chlorophyll "a" photosensitized reduction of methylviologene with
      tiourea on the temperature of reaction mixture was studied in aerobic conditions
      in triton X-100 aqueous solution. It was found that the reaction consisted of two
      stages: the light and dark ones. Photosensitized oxidation of tiourea with air
      oxygen proceeds at the temperatures up to -70 degrees C. Reduction of
      methylviologen is a dark stage for which diffusion processes are necessary. The
      role of hydrogen peroxide in the reaction studied has been investigated. It has
      been shown that hydrogen peroxide is not the "initiator" of the reaction which
      results in the reduction of methylviologen. Reduced glutation and the mixture of
      reduced and oxidized glutations were used as electron donors in photosensitized
      reaction in the presence of air oxygen. An increase of the depth and rate of the
      reduction of methylviologen under aerobic conditions as compared to anaerobic
      ones points to the formation of more active reducers than the initial electron
      donor.

PMID- 1203315
TI  - [Effect of the dielectric constant of the medium on the photooxidation of
      chlorophyll a by parabenzoquinone].
AB  - Spectrophotometric study was carried out of the effect of medium polarity on the
      parabenzoquinone photooxidation of chlorophyll "a" at lower temperature using as
      solvents toluene and CCl4 containing different quantities of polaric solvents,
      methanole, ethanole, amilic alkohol, acetone. It is shown that the photoreaction
      with the formation of primary photooxidized form of the pigment starts only if
      some amount of the polar component is in the medium. The data are in favour of
      the suggestion that chlorophyll and quinone in non-polar medium form an reaction
      complex which disintegrates under the given conditions at a definite value of
      medium polarity.

PMID- 1203317
TI  - Effects of calcium ions on pyruvate kinase from human erythrocytes.
AB  - Ca2+ ions have a biphasic effect on the allosteric pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40)
      from human erythrocytes: Ca2+ is an activator at low phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
      concentrations: at increased PEP concentrations Ca2+ behaves as an inhibitor. In
      the presence of ATP the same effect was observed and at low PEP concentrations
      Ca2+ ions can completely abolish the ATP inhibitory effect. At high Ca2+
      concentrations there is a loss of the cooperativity towards PEP. The enzyme
      activated by fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) is inhibited by Ca2+ ions at all
      concentrations of PEP tested. Mg2+ ions are not able to counteract the activation
      by Ca2+ ions at low PEP concentrations. The results are interpreted on the basis
      of the model of Monod.

PMID- 1203318
TI  - [Isolation and physico-chemical properties of oligosaccharides of human milk].
AB  - From a non-dialysable fraction of human milk the authors have isolated 30
      oligosaccharides by combining anion exchange and paper chromatography. These
      oligosaccharides (MW 998 to 3113) contain D (+)-galactose, L (-)-fucose, N-acetyl
      D (+)-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D (-)-neuraminic acid in variable proportions and one
      single D (+)-glucose residue in terminal reducing position. The characteristics
      of the oligosaccharides are those of the so-called "Polonovski and Lespagnol
      gynolactose". These sugars do not originate from glycoproteins nor glycolipids.
      The authors suggest that the biosynthesis of human milk oligosaccharides is due
      to an activation of glycosyltransferases related to blood group substances,
      induced by lactose. They base this hypothesis on the fact that, as demonstrated
      by Strecker and Montreuil, spontaneous or glucose, galactose and lactose induced
      meliturias are accompagnied by an important urinary excretion of blood group
      substance related oligosaccharides.

PMID- 1203319
TI  - Location of the cistron of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein.
AB  - Treatment of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA with T1 RNase under mild conditions
      cuts the RNA molecule into a large number of fragments, only a few of which may
      be specifically recognized by disks of TMV protein. It has been shown elsewhere
      that these specifically recognized RNA fragments are a part of the coat protein
      cistron, the portion coding for amino acids 95 to 129 of the coat protein. It is
      reported that different size classes of partially uncoated virus particles were
      prepared by limited reconstitution between TMV RNA and protein or by partial
      stripping of intact virus with DMSO. Both procedures produce nucleoprotein rods
      in which the 5'-terminal portion of the RNA is encapsidated and the 3'-terminal
      region is free. The free and the encapsidated portions of the RNA were each
      tested for the ability to give rise to the aforesaid specifically recognized
      fragments of the coat protein cistron upon partial T1 RNase digestion. It was
      found that only the 3'-terminal third of the virus particle need to be uncoated
      in order to expose the portion of the RNA molecule from which these fragments are
      derived. We conclude, therefore, that the coat protein cistron is situated upon
      the 3'-terminal third of the RNA chain, i.e. within 2000 nucleotides of the 3'
      end.

PMID- 1203320
TI  - Characterization and purification of messenger RNAs containing poly A in insect
      imaginal disks.
AB  - The presence of a fragment of polyA resistant to both T1 and p ribonucleases in
      mRNAs extracted from wing imaginal disks of an insect, Pieris brassicae, is
      reported. Its length was approximatively 150 nucleotides. PolyU sepharose
      affinity chromatography was subsequently used for purification of these
      polyA(+)mRNA molecules. Analyses on sucrose gradients showed a good recovery of
      poly(+)molecules characterized by their size (20-100 S) and a polydisperse
      pattern. These mRNAlike species represent 2-3 per cent of the total radioactivity
      incorporated into RNA in 3 hours of labeling. Sequential extractions were carried
      out to provide cytoplasmic RNA rich fractions (4 degrees C) and nuclear rich
      fractions (45 degrees C). When assayed for the presence of polyA(+)RNA, molecules
      extracted by these two sequential methods were found to be very similar in their
      polyA content.

PMID- 1203322
TI  - [Incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA of rat liver: a critique of
      various evaluation methods].
AB  - We have measured the incorporation of 3H-(methyl)-thymidine by cell cultures of
      rat foetal liver and in vivo by the livers of young rats stimulated by casein, in
      order to compare three methods for the extraction of DNA. The DNA was extracted
      by three different techniques: perchloric acid precipitation, trichloroacetic
      acid precipitation and phenol extraction, and its specific activity was
      determined. The radioactive labelling was also determined for the lipid,
      ribonucleic acid and protein fractions for the two first methods, in both of
      which 70 p. cent of the incorporated tritium is found in the DNA fraction and
      about 10 p. cent in each of the other fractions. The determination of the
      specific radioactivity of DNA gives similar results for the three extraction
      methods. However, since larger yields were obtained by both acid precipitation
      techniques than by phenol extraction, we believe them to be more suitable for
      studies on cell cultures.

PMID- 1203321
TI  - Cell surface changes during myoblast differentiation: preparation and
      carbohydrate composition of plasma membranes.
AB  - A technique for the preparation of plasma membrane from a skeletal muscle
      myogenic cell culture is described. Electron microscopic and enzymatic studies
      indicate that the preparation has kept its morphological integrity and has
      negligeable amount of cellular contiaminants. Carbohydrate composition studies
      have shown that the differentiated cells contain less hexosamine and sialic acid
      but accumulate glucose and galactose; the latter increase reflects the presence
      of a glucose-galactose-hydroxylysine unit which appears at the cell surface when
      myoblasts reach confluency.

PMID- 1203323
TI  - [Effects of thyroidectomy of the rat on the structure and functions of skeletal
      muscle mitochondria].
AB  - Mitochondria used in the present study were isolated from skeletal muscle of
      normal and thyroidectomized rats. The preparations were controlled by electron
      microscopy. It was not possible to find any morphological change induced by
      thyroidectomy, nevertheless, some difference appeared in the cytochrome contents
      which were slightly decreased. Oxygen consumption rates of thyroidectomized rat
      mitochondria were decreased when the particles were maintained in states 3 and 4
      in the presence of various substrates, but the P/O ratios were not modified. The
      activities of mitochondrial enzymes were in general slightly affected by
      thyroidectomy except for glycerol-1-phosphate cytochrome c reductase and NADH
      rotenone sensitive cytochrome c reductase which were decreased and for glutamate
      dehydrogenase activity which was increased. The tRNA nucleotidyltransferase
      activity found in the mitochondrial matrix was not influenced by the absence of
      thyroid secretion. Normal rat muscle mitochondria incorporate 14C-leucine with an
      artificial ATP-generating system or with a respiratory substrate. The amino acid
      incorporation was decreased by thyroidectomy. Muscle mitochondria analyzed by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis contained more than 30 protein components with
      MW ranging from 10.000 to 135.000. Thyroidectomy lowered the amount of a fraction
      of about 54.000 MW. It is not impossible that all the data observed in the
      absence of thyroid secretion are in relation with changes induced in the
      mitochondrial genome as previously shown in mitochondria isolated from liver or
      thyroidectomized rats.

PMID- 1203324
TI  - Effect of phosphate and ionophores on (14C)-NEM incorporation in mitochondrial
      membranes and relationships with phosphate carrier system.
AB  - Phosphate transport in mitochondria was investigated with respect to its
      inhibition by NEM. The reactivity of the Pi carrier SH groups was influenced by
      phosphate or ionophores during preincubation before the addition of NEM.
      Furthermore in order to obtain some mitochondrial protein fractions where the
      typical effects of phosphate and ionophores on [14C]-NEM fixations were observed,
      mitochondria were submitted to hypotonic treatment and sonication. The following
      results were obtained: 1. -- Phosphate and grisorixin (a new ionophore of the
      nigericin group) decreased the inhibition of phosphate transport by NEM. The same
      effect was observed for [14C]-NEM incorporation. 2. -- Valinomycin increased
      [14C]-NEM incorporation. The valinomycin effect was abolished by phosphate. ClCCP
      alone affected [14C]-NEM incorporation slightly. Valinomycin plus ClCCP decreased
      NEM inhibition of phosphate transport and [14C]-NEM incorporation like
      grisorixin. 3. -- The variability of SH group reactivity can be interpreted by a
      control of SH group accessibility by transmembrane delta pH as previously
      suggested. 4. -- Typical effects of phosphate or ionophores were observed in
      whole pig heart and rat liver mitochondria. These effects were enhanced in the
      same supernatant protein fraction resulting from sonication in pig heart
      mitochondria : phosphate decreased [14C]-NEM incorporation by 1,50 nmoles/mg
      protein, grisorixin by 0.95 nmoles, whereas valinomycin increased it by 0.75
      nmoles. For rat liver mitochondria the phosphate effect and the valinomycin
      increased it by 0.75 nmoles. For rat liver mitochondria the phosphate effect
      valinomycin effect on [14C]-NEM incorporation were observed in the subparticular
      fraction obtained after sonification.

PMID- 1203325
TI  - Cell walls of a micromonospora strain (actinomycetales). III. Characterisation of
      a alpha-D-glucopyranosyl (1 leads to 6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 leads to 1 (6))
      galactitol.

PMID- 1203326
TI  - [Redistribution of initiation and elongation factors after germination of wheat].

PMID- 1203327
TI  - Probable identity of the beta chains from the two chicken hemoglobin components.

PMID- 1203328
TI  - Evidence for a random repetitive subunit structure of chromatin by light
      scattering studies.

PMID- 1203329
TI  - Skin impulses and locomotion in Oikopleura (tunicata: larvacea).

PMID- 1203330
TI  - Tissue cultures of cirripeds.

PMID- 1203331
TI  - Heat effects on a marine snail.

PMID- 1203332
TI  - Adaptive features of gut structure and digestive physiology in the terrestrial
      isopod Philoscia muscorum (scopoli) 1763.

PMID- 1203333
TI  - Nonheterosexual behavior in mosquitoes.

PMID- 1203334
TI  - Uptake of naturally occurring primary amines by marine annelids.

PMID- 1203335
TI  - Juvenile hormone titers in the hemolymph during late larval development of the
      tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.).

PMID- 1203336
TI  - The ultrastructure of the aflagellate spermatozoon of the freshwater turbellarian
      Hydrolimax grisea (Platyhelminthes: Plagiostomidae).

PMID- 1203337
TI  - Dynamics of juvenile hormone action in larvae of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca
      sexta (L.).

PMID- 1203338
TI  - Cognitron: a self-organizing multilayered neural network.

PMID- 1203339
TI  - Dynamics of brain rhythmic and evoked potentials. I. Some computational methods
      for the analysis of electrical signals from the brain.

PMID- 1203341
TI  - Dynamics of brain rhythmic and evoked potentials. III. Studies in the auditory
      pathway, reticular formation, and hippocampus during sleep.

PMID- 1203340
TI  - Dynamics of brain rhythmic and evoked potentials. II. Studies in the auditory
      pathway, reticular formation, and hippocampus during the waking stage.

PMID- 1203342
TI  - [Influence of different disturbances on man-machine-systems (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203343
TI  - [Electroorientation in weakly electric fish: a study of field distortions caused
      by objects in Gymnotus carapo and Gnathonemus petersii and recordings from
      afferent fibers in G. carapo (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203344
TI  - Response entrainment of movement fibers in the optic tract of crayfish.

PMID- 1203345
TI  - Symmetry between the visual B- and D-systems and equivalence of center and
      surround: studies of light increment and decrement in retinal and geniculate
      neurons of the cat.

PMID- 1203346
TI  - [Modification in all-trans-retinal, 9-cis-retinal and 11-cis-retinal caused by
      exposure to sunlight].
AB  - Results indicate that diffused sunlight determines in the molecules of all-trans
      retinal, 9-cis-retinal and 11-cis-retinal a process of photoinduction with the
      formation of an unknown photoproduct.

PMID- 1203348
TI  - [Analysis of ribosomal proteins and ribosomal subunits of pea seeds by
      electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel].
AB  - The amino acid composition of overall protein of ribosomes and ribosomal subunits
      of pea seeds has been found typical of ribosomal protein. Electrophoresis in
      polyacrylamide gel demonstrates that proteins extracted by the solution of 3 M
      LiCl-4 M urea from purified ribosomes of pea seeds move towards the cathode at pH
      2.2 and separate into 41 components. Electrophoresis in a tris-glycine buffer at
      pH 9.2 does not reveal any substance corresponding to acid proteins. Similar
      distribution patterns are observed when ribosomal particles are isolated with or
      without triton (0,5%). The treatment of ribosomes by deoxycholate results in some
      changes, depending on the detergent concentration. All the protein components
      detected in ribosomes, except one, are present in the subunits. Proteins of large
      and small ribosome subunits produced 26 and 21 components respectively in
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The distribution patterns of proteins of the
      two subunits appear to be different. The majority of the components of the large
      and small subunits differ in mobility. The data obtained suggest considerable
      specificity of the protein composition of 60S and 40S subunits of 80S ribosomes
      in higher plants.

PMID- 1203347
TI  - [Primary structure of cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart
      muscle. Amino acid sequence of peptides from cyanogen bromide hydrolysate].
AB  - Amino acid sequences were determined for the six peptides from cyanogen bromide
      hydrolysis of cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase. These peptides accounted
      for 177 amino acid residues of the enzyme. Partial sequence of N-terminal peptide
      accounting for 212 amino acid residues of enzyme was also determined.

PMID- 1203349
TI  - [Biosynthesis of proteins and ribonucleic acids in red and white rat skeletal
      muscles].
AB  - Protein biosynthesis is studied in red and white rat shank muscles in vitro. It
      is found that the incorporation rate of 14C-lysine in red muscle was 2-fold
      higher than that in white muscle. The difference in the lysine incorporation rate
      into muscle proteins studied increased with the increase of lysine molar
      concentration in the incubation medium, which was probably due to a selective
      protein synthesis activation in the red muscle. A higher level of 14C-lysine
      incorporation in red muscle proteins was found under similar uptake of the
      labelled amino acid in both red and white muscles. RNA synthesis rate was the
      same in both muscles and its inhibition with actinomycin D did not affect the
      ratio of protein synthesis rates in red and white muscles.

PMID- 1203350
TI  - [Effect of acetylcholine on phosphorylase from skeletal muscle].
AB  - Acetylcholine (1-10(-5) g/ml) was shown to increase the content of active form of
      phosphorylase A in homogenate of cat skeletal muscle. Atropine (1-10(-5) g/ml)
      diminished acetylcholine-induced increase in the phosphorylase activity from 22%
      to 5.28%. Activating effect of acetylcholine was observed also in superatant
      (105000 g), although it was 2-fold decreased. No acetylcholine-induced
      phosphorylase activation was observed in the presence of Mg2+. Addition of Ca2+
      (2.2-10(-14) M) did not affect considerably the activation process. It is
      concluded that the mechanism of acetylcholine-induced phosphorylase activation is
      different from the effect of adrenaline on phosphorylase.

PMID- 1203351
TI  - [Fluorescence properties of actin and analysis of the content of native actin in
      its preparations].
AB  - Changes of properties of actin preparations from rabbit skeletal muscles in the
      course of purification were studied. It is shown that independent on initial
      properties of actin preparations at successive polimerization, sedimentation and
      depolimerization cycles: 1) the quantity of protein in supernatant diminishes
      progressively, 2) intrinsic viscosity of F-actin increases, 3) the value of
      spectral parameter A = (I320/I365)296., which in characteristic of the
      fluorescence spectrum position of tryptophan residues, increases and approaches
      the extremal value, 4) the effect of short wave shift of the spectrum at actin
      polimerazation becomes more pronounced. The actin preparation with the extremal
      value of A = 2,6 (native actin) has [eta] = 8,8; deltaAg leads to f approximately
      0,25; lambdamax=325 nm. Inactivation of actin results in the long-wave shift of
      fluorescence spectrum (lambdamax=337 nm, A = 1,30) suggesting the disturbance of
      exclusively compact globular structure of native protein macromolecular. The
      ratio is described which enables to use parameter A for the quick estimation of
      the content of native actin in its preparations. The technical simplicity of the
      measurement of parameter A enables to use it for the characterization of
      individual fractions in gelfiltration of actin preparations.

PMID- 1203352
TI  - [Effect of brain and thymus cationic proteins on membrane permeability].
AB  - Cationic proteins of brain lysosomes (LCP), myelin (MCP) and nuclear histone
      fractions from calf thymus (T) and rat brain (B) are shown to increase at
      different degree the permeability of brain lysosomes and neutrophiles for acid
      RNAase, acid phosphatase, catepsin D and beta-galactosidase. According to the
      effectivity, basic proteins can be listed in the following order: for lysosomes
      f2aT, F3B, f3T greater than total histones B, f2bT greater than f2B greater than
      LCP, MCP greater than flT, flB; for neutriphiles-f3T larger than or equal to
      total histones B larger than or equal to f3b MCP larger than or equal to f2aT,
      f2bT greater than f2B greater than LCP greater than flB greater than flT.
      Fractions f2a and f3 considerably increased the release of acid RNAase from
      lysosomes in very low concentrations beginning from 0,2 mug/ml, while the release
      of catepsine and acid phosphatase took place beginning from 5-10 mug/ml. The
      effect of lysosome and myelin cationic proteins on the release of hydrolases
      occurred at concentrations ten to hundred times higher.

PMID- 1203353
TI  - [Isolation of messenger RNA for rabbit globin].
AB  - Methods are described of isolation of individual globin messenger RNA from rabbit
      reticulocytes using zonal centrifugation in sucrose density gradient and specific
      sorption of polyribosome RNAs on poly U-cellulose column. The addition of globin
      RNA into cell-free system from Krebs-2 ascites mouse cells resulted in the globin
      synthesis.

PMID- 1203355
TI  - [Guanidinoacetate-N-methyltransferase: location in mammalian retina and rat
      Harderian gland].
AB  - Homogenates of retinal external segments of rat, rabbit, beef and hen and of rat
      Harderian gland were found to possess a considerable activity of guanidineacetate
      N-methyltransferase (GAMT, E.C. 2.1.1.2), comparable with the enzyme activity in
      liver, pancreas and testis. Permanent UV-illumination of rats (from 1 day to 1
      week) resulted in the decrease of GAMT activity in retina and especially in
      Harderian gland. Caffeine (10(-4) M) and papaverine (10(-7) M) activated GAMT in
      retina and rat Harderian gland, while cycloheximide, a protein synthesis
      inhibitor (0.5-2 mkg/ml), eliminated caffeine-stimulated GAMT activity. Histamine
      (0.3 mkg/ml) inhibited GAMT activity both in retina and Harderian gland. A
      decrease of GAMT activity in retina, liver and testis of rat and an increase of
      the enzyme activity in rat pancreas and Harderian gland were observed in the
      presence of Mg2+ (5 mM). Physiological importance of GAMT and creatine in
      mammalian retina and rat Harderian gland is discussed.

PMID- 1203354
TI  - [Destiny of 5-methylcystosine of newly synthesized DNA fraction in bone marrow
      cells].
AB  - Methylation kinetics of newly formed DNA in bone marrow cell culture of animals
      and healthy humans was studied in order to investigate the role of DNA
      methylation in proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells.
      Synthesis of a DNA fraction with extremely high cytosine methylation level was
      observed under the incubation of cells with 14C-orotic acid for 0.5-1 hour. Long
      term incubation (3 and more hours) with 14C-orotic acid resulted in a rapid
      decrease of 5-methylcytosine radioactivity and in an increase of thymine
      radioactivity. Elimination of 14C-orotate from the medium and inhibition of DNA
      synthesis with hydroxyurea did not change kinetics of the radioactivity content
      in 5-methylcytosine and thymine in newly synthesized DNA. No synthesis of
      hypermethylated DNA fraction was observed under incubation of cells with
      preformed pyrimidine precursors.

PMID- 1203356
TI  - [Study of oxygen photoreduction in chloroplasts by the method of luminol and
      chlorophyll chemiluminescence].
AB  - The reduction of oxygen by irradiated chloroplasts was studied for elucidation of
      oxygen action site in the electron transport chain of photosynthesis.
      Chemiluminescence system, consisted of luminol and peroxidase, was used for
      registration of oxygen reduction products. In the first case chemiluminescence
      system was added to supernatant fraction after centrifugation of suspension of
      irradiated chloroplasts in order to determine H2O2 which was found to be the
      final product of oxygen photoreduction. In the second case when chloroplasts were
      illuminated in the presence of chemiluminescence system and oxygen the fact
      delayed luminescence of luminol was observed. This photoluminescence related also
      with the oxygen reduction in chloroplasts caused a possible formation of radicals
      HO2 (or -O2). The formation of this radicals and H2O2 was inhibited by DCMU,
      heating of chloroplasts at 45 degrees C for 5 min and by washing with EDTA and
      NH2OH. The rate of HO2 dissappearance was increased by methylviologen. The
      kinetics of photoluminescence of luminol and afterglow of chlorophyll in
      chloroplasts was identical in the interval from 20 msec to several seconds. It is
      suggested that oxygen reaction site is located near the reaction centre of
      chloroplasts.

PMID- 1203357
TI  - [Fluorinated analogues of tryptophan showing substrate and inhibitor activity in
      the ATP-32ppi exchange reaction catalysed by tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase].
AB  - L-6-Flurotryptophan and D,L-5-fluorotryptophan stimulate ATP-32PPi exchange
      reaction catalysed by tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase from beef pancreas. Exchange
      reactions proceeding in the presence of these analogues of the substrate amino
      acid show distinct values of maximum rate and similar Km values. D,L-5,7
      Difluorotryptophan and D,L-4,5,6,7-tetrafluorotryptophan competetively inhibit
      the exchange reaction stimulated by L-tryptophan. Introduction of a single
      fluorine atom into the tryptophan indole ring results in a decrease of the
      affinity for the enzyme by one order. The affinity of difluorotryptophan is two
      orders less than that of L-tryptophan. D,L-5,7-Difluorotryptophan has been
      synthesized by cyclization of acetamide dicarboetoxy butyric aldehyde upon
      boiling in 8% H2SO4 solution. Optically pure L-6-fluorotryptophan was isolated
      from the racemic mixture by using oxidase of D-amino acids.

PMID- 1203359
TI  - [Ribonucleases of rat liver nuclear membranes].
AB  - A comparative study of ribonuclease activity of isolated rat liver nuclei,
      nuclear membranes with buoyant density rho 1,19 and rho 1,22 and pH 8 nuclear
      membrane extract showed high nuclear membranes activity with different affinity
      to RNA and synthetic polyribonucleotides. Chromatographic analysis of poly-U
      degradation products demonstrates that the nuclear membrane extract contains at
      least two ribonucleases: a 3'-endonuclease and a 5'-endonuclease.

PMID- 1203358
TI  - [Nature of active sites during complex formation of DNA and Pt (II) compounds].
AB  - Quantitative estimation of the binding of Pt (II) with DNA and its derivatives is
      carried out and the selectivity of this reaction is studied. Absorption spectra
      and binding curves of Pt (II) with GC- and AT-enriched DNA fractions, apurinic
      and apyrimidinic acids, poly A and deoxyribonucleotides are studied. The
      strongest Pt (II) binding was observed in cytosine-containing nucleic acid
      components. The reduction of Pt (II) to Pt (O) took place only in the presence of
      cytosine. Adenine component was found to form 1 : 1 complex with chloroplatinit.
      A model of Pt (II) : DNA complex is proposed, in which a metal ion is bound with
      cytosine cycle through N3 atom. A complex is formed due to a high electron
      acceptor capacity of cytosine cycle, the charge being transferred between
      platinum and DNA base. Thus, complex-bound platinum is capable of oxidating
      platinum ions in the solution.

PMID- 1203360
TI  - [Isolation and some properties of mitochondria from yeast Candida lipolytica
      695].
AB  - Mitochondria is obtained from yeast Candida lipolytica 695 grown in the presence
      of glucose, lactate or citrate. Yeast mitochondria were shown to be practically
      indistinguishable from animal tissue mitochondria in [ADP]/[O] values and in
      their sensitivity to electron transport inhibitors, to inhibitors and uncoupling
      agents of oxidative phosphorylation. The only exception was more low value of the
      respiration control under succinate oxidation. Mitochondria from yeast, grown in
      the presence of lactate or citrate were capable of the reduction of endogenous
      pyridine nucleotides under succinate oxidation for the expense of the reverse
      electron transport. No reverse electron transport from succinate to NAD(P) was
      observed in mitochondria from yeast grown in the presence of glucose, but it was
      found under oxidation of alpha-glycerophosphate. All three types of yeast
      mitochondria were not capable of the reverse electron transport coupled with the
      pyridine nucleotides reduction under lactate oxidation.

PMID- 1203361
TI  - [The nature of differences in amidase and esterase activities of some
      acyltrypsins].
AB  - Specific trypsin substrates (esters, anilides, amides, peptides) were shown to
      accelerate deacetylation of monoacetylated trypsin. The amidase activity of
      monoacetyl-, monopropyonyl-, and tetraformyl-trypsin was not manifested if the
      amidase activity of native enzyme was suppressed in these preparations by the
      ester substrates (benzoylarginine ethyl ester or p-nitrophenyl acetate).
      Therefore the differences in the residual amidase and esterase activities of
      these acylated trypsin preparations found earlier did not contradict the
      universality of the acylenzyme mechanism. These differences are due to the strong
      deacylating effect of specific substrate in its complex with the enzyme modified
      with nonspecific acyl residue. The latter fact is suggested to be an experimental
      confirmation of the "induced fit" hypothesis.

PMID- 1203362
TI  - [Distribution of pyrimidine sequences of different length and base composition in
      bacteriophage T5 DNA].
AB  - Distribution of pyrimidine tracts of different length (isopliths) with general
      formula PynPn+1 in bacteriophage T5 DNA was studied. The first seven isoplith
      fractions were subfractionated by the chain length and the quantity of the
      resulting non-isomeric oligonucleotides was determined. The pattern of
      distribution of pyrimidine tracts of various length and base composition in
      bacteriophage T5 DNA is different from that previously observed in the DNAs of
      bacteriophages T3 and T7. The observed differences in distribution of pyrimidine
      nucleotides are in accordance with the other peculiarities of bacteriophage T5
      genome.

PMID- 1203363
TI  - [Functional groups of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase].
AB  - Functional groups of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase critical for monoamine
      oxidase activity were investigated by chemical modification of highly purified
      monoamine oxidase preparations from pig liver by specific inhibitors. The
      substrate and inhibitory properties of synthesized derivatives of beta
      phenylethylamine, containing various acylating and alkylating groups in the p
      position of the benzene ring, were studied. It was shown that 4-carbmethoxy-beta
      phenylethylamine (I) is readily deaminated by monoamine oxidase, whereas 4-O
      acetyl-beta-phenylethylamine (II) is not affected by the enzyme. 4-O-acetyl-beta
      phenylethylamine (II) and 4-ethyl-O-chloroacethyl phenol (III) inhibit
      deamination of tyramine, 4-amino-beta-phenylethylamine, beta-phenylethylamine, 4
      chloro-beta-phenylethylamine and serotonin in different degrees. The kinetic
      studies demonstrated that this inhibition is probably due to the acylating
      properties of the compounds obtained. Selectivity in inhibition may be accounted
      for by acylation of the group of monoamine oxidase which is located in the
      nearest proximity to the nucleophynoamine oxidase which is located in the nearest
      proximity to the nucleophylic site of monoamine oxidase active centre important
      for binding of tyramine. This group is neither the imidazole group of histidyl,
      nor the SH-group of cysteinyl residues of monoamine oxidase protein molecule. Its
      nature is discussed in the light of the data obtained.

PMID- 1203364
TI  - [The effect of mRNA on the stability of the ribosome--aminoacyl-tRNA complex].
AB  - The effect of some olygo- and polynucleotides on the dissociation rate of the 14C
      aminoacyl-tRNA - ribosome complex was investigated. Polyuridylic and
      polycytidylic acids were shown to accelerate significantly dissociation of the
      complex of lysyl- and phenylalanyl-tRNA with native ribosomes, but not to affect
      the complexes of these aminoacyl-tRNA's with 50S subunits. It is proposed that
      the template polynucleotides decrease the affinity of ribosomes to tRNA by
      association with the mRNA-binding site on 30S subunits.

PMID- 1203365
TI  - [Molecular weight hetergeneity of proteins of the ribosomes and ribosomal
      subunits from dry pea seeds].
AB  - The molecular weight distribution of the total protein of ribosomes and ribosomal
      subunits isolated from dry pea seeds was studied by electrophoresis in
      polyacrylamide gel, containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. It was demonstrated that
      overall protein of 80 S ribosomes is separated into a number of fractions with
      molecular weights of 10000-64000. Treatment of ribosomes with 0.5 per cent
      tritone, 0.5 per cent and 1 per cent deoxycholate does not change the general
      pattern of the molecular weight distribution of ribosomal proteins. The large
      subunit reveals 19 protein zones (14 major and 5 minor zones), their molecular
      weights are varying from 10000 to 54000. The majority of proteins of the large
      subunit have molecular weights of 14000--32000. The molecular weights of 17
      protein zones of the small subunit (7 major and 10 minor zones) vary from 10000
      to 64000. The majority of proteins of both large and small subunits have
      molecular weights of 14000--32000. Electrophoretic separation of proteins in the
      split gel confirmed the fact that the proteins of large subunit differ in
      molecular weights from those of the small subunit. Thus, ribosomal proteins of
      pea seeds are shown to produce a typical (for 80S ribosomes) pattern of molecular
      weight distribution under polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of
      sodium dodecul sulphate.

PMID- 1203367
TI  - [Inhibition of respiration and phosphorylation by some maleimide derivatives].
AB  - The inhibitory effect of maleimide and ten its N-substituted mono- and
      bifunctional derivatives was studied in isolated rat liver mitochondria. It was
      found that all these compounds blocked protein and non-protein SH-groups and were
      the potent inhibitors of the respiratory chain. In the inhibitory activity of
      unsubstituted maleimide its alkylating properties play the dominant role. The
      introduction of some substitutors in the maleimide molecule lends the properties
      of hydrophobic inhibitors to these derivatives. A high toxicity of all compound
      studied was shown in in vivo experiments.

PMID- 1203366
TI  - [Conformation aspects of peptide interaction with proteolytic enzymes. Alpha
      chymotrypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of the cyclopeptides containing leucyltyrosyl
      fragments].
AB  - The studies were made on the interaction of alpha-chymotrypsin with a series of
      cyclopeptides cyclo(-L-leucyl-L-tyrosyl-glycyln-), n=4, 6 and 8 (I, II and III
      respectively), and cyclo(-L-leucyl-L-tryosyl-beta-aminovalero-yl2-) (IV).
      Compounds I and IV are resistant to enzyme action whereas cyclopeptides II and
      III proved to be the substrates, their kinetic constants being Km=15.4 and 13.2
      mM and kcat=0.54 and 9.53 sec-1 respectively. The binding capacity of
      cyclopeptides I-IV is evaluated by their competitive inhibition of alpha
      chymotrypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-L-tyrosine methyl ester.

PMID- 1203369
TI  - [Determination of the time of polypeptide chain synthesis in animal experiments].
AB  - A method is worked out for the estimation of the time of polypeptide chain
      synthesis in animals in vivo. The time of the synthesis of "middle" polypeptide
      was found to be 1.45 min. in mouse liver cells under normal conditions, while in
      the presence of translation inhibitors, cycloheximide (20 mg/kg) and
      aurintricarboxilic acid (1 g/mg) the time of the synthesis increased in 2.7 and
      2.5 times respectively. The time of polypeptide synthesis linearly increased with
      the increase of aurintricarboxilic acid dose.

PMID- 1203368
TI  - [Metabolism of different histone fractions under induction of rat liver
      regeneration].
AB  - Histone metabolism in liver studied within 72-hour period of liver regeneration
      after partial hepatectomy in 24 hours after the injection of 14C-amino acids in
      rats. The increase in radioactivity of f2a, f3 and f2b histones and the
      simultaneous decrease in f1 histone radioactivity was observed in regenerating
      rat liver as compared with the level of radioactivity estimated for the
      respective histones in ectomized liver lobes. These changes, which are
      characteristic for regenerating liver, were not observed after the shame
      operation and they did not eliminate after the injection of respective unlabelled
      amino acid. Possible correlation between the increase in specific radioactivity
      of most nuclear histones under regeneration process and a migration of pre
      synthesized labelled histone molecules into nucleus, and also a transformation
      into histones of other nuclear proteins is discussed.

PMID- 1203370
TI  - [Estimation of the irreversible inhibition reaction rate constants and of the
      concentration of cholinesterase active sites under commensurable concentrations
      of enzyme and inhibitors].
AB  - Kinetic analysis of the interaction of butyrylcholinesterase and the
      phosphoorganic inhibitor GT-161 [(C2H2O)2P(O)SC2H4+N(CH3)2C6H5-1-] is carried
      out. Short time incubations of an enzyme and an inhibitor (1-3 sec), even under
      commensurable concentrations, were shown to enable the rate constants of
      irreversible enzyme inhibition to be calcualted by the formula for
      pseudomonomoleuclar reactions. A simple analytical method for the estimation of
      the enzyme active sites concentrations is proposed.

PMID- 1203371
TI  - [Chromatographic separation of ribonucleic acids from bacterial and animal cells
      on MAB columns].
AB  - Practicable and efficient method of the chromatographic separation of ribonucleic
      acids from animal and bacterial cells on columns with MAB-methylated albumin
      adsorbed on bentonite basis is developed. Distinct separation of transport and
      ribosomal RNAs was obtained on MAB columns. Ribosomal RNA from bacterial cells
      was, in its turn, separated in two fractions. Effect of pH, elution rate and
      temperature on the efficiency of the fractionation is studied. The method
      proposed is shown to have a number of advantages as compared with well-known
      method of RNA fractionation on MAK columns. The essence of the method described
      is irreversible inactivation of RNAse by AMB, which is confirmed in the series of
      special experiments.

PMID- 1203372
TI  - [Determination of lysosome membrane stability].
AB  - Effect of different concentration of non-ionic detergents (Triton X-100, Triton X
      305, BRIJ-35 and Triton WR-1339) on total and non-sedimentable activity of 8 rat
      liver lysosome enzymes (acid phosphatase, acid DNase, acid RNase, arylsulphatases
      A and B, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase and beta
      acetylglucosaminidase) was studied. Only Triton X-100 at the concentration of
      0.1% (and higher) was found to release completely lysosome enzymes. Low
      concentrations of Triton X-100 (0.025-0.05%) were used to characterize the
      strength of enzyme binding: the level of releasing acid DNase, beta
      galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase and acid phsophatase being considerably higher
      than that of other lysosome enzymes studied. On the basis of the data obtained a
      method is worked out, which is suitable for series studies of the stability of
      lysosome membranes under different physiological and pathological conditions. The
      essence of the method is the treatment of membrane particles with increasing
      concentrations of Triton X-100 (0.025; 0.05 AND 0.1%) AND THE SUCCESSIVE
      ESTIMATION OF NON-Sedimentable activity of marker enzymes. The method detected
      troubles in the stability of rat liver lysosome membranes under starvation,
      protein deficiency and aging.

PMID- 1203373
TI  - [Some arylamidases from vetch seeds].
AB  - Hydrolysis of L-phenylalanyl-p-nitroanilide (PPA) and glycyl-p-nitroanilide by
      extracts from resting vetch seeds was shown to be the effect of two different
      arylamidases. One of them, PPAase, was 2000-fold purified on hydroxylapatide,
      DEAE-cellulose and by gel filtration through Sephadex G-100. The preparation
      obtained was nearly homogenous chromatographycally. Molecular weight of PPAase,
      as shown by means of gel filtration, was 66000, K(m) was calculated to be 1.64-10
      4 M. PPAase was inhibited by SH-reagents and partially by o-oxyquinoline. Some
      increase in the enzyme activity was observed in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+ and
      Mn2+ in low concentrations. The enzyme hydrolysed amino acid arylamides with
      hydrophobic side groups and some dipeptides, which had at least one hydrophobic
      amino acid and did not contain amino acids with polar group.

PMID- 1203374
TI  - [Role of monovalent cations in reactions catalyzed by glycerol dehydrase from
      Aerobacter aerogenes].
AB  - Cobamide-dependent glyceroldehydrase (GDH) is shown to have an absolute
      requirement in monovalent cations: K+, NH4+, Tl+, Rb+ and Cs+. Dependencies of
      initial dehydratation rates of three substrates: glycerol, ethyleneglycol and 1,2
      propandiol on the concentration of K+ are studied. Km values for K+, NH4+ and Tl+
      are calculated to be 7-10-3, 4-10-3 and 1-10-3 M respectively. Effect of K+ on Km
      values for glycerol and coenzyme and on maximal reaction rate is investigated. It
      is shown that the apparent affinity of the substrate to the enzyme does not
      depend on monovalent cation; the apparent affinity of the coenzyme somewhat
      changes with the change of K+ concentration. Maximal reaction rate increases with
      the increase of K+ content. On the basis of kinetic data obtained possible
      mechanism of the activating effect of monovalent cations in reactions, catalyzed
      by GDH, is discussed.

PMID- 1203375
TI  - [Application of DNA sonication in the study of reassociation kinetics].
AB  - Single-stranded breaks arising is DNA under sonication divide the molecule in
      short double-stranded regions of lengths depending on sonication conditions. The
      reassociation rate of DNA with single-stranded breaks is considerably lowered as
      compared with intact DNA of the same length. For sonicated DNA the slowing of
      reassociation and the deflection to higher orders of C(o)t of the reaction is
      observed at the late stages. Further process of sonication occurs likely on
      single-stranded breaks and DNA fragments obtained as a result of infinite
      sonication are practically intact. Reassociation of DNA, degraded to a
      "saturation", proceeds as a second order reaction in precise accordance with the
      obtained fragment length.

PMID- 1203376
TI  - [Kinetic manifestations of slow isomerization of allosteric enzyme for the model
      of Monod, Wyman and Changeux].
AB  - A shape of the curves of a product accumulation in time (t) is analysed for the
      variant of Monod, Wyman and Changeux model which is characterized by comparable
      rates of equilibration between R and T enzyme forms on the one hand and the
      enzymatic process on the other hand. It is assumed that the complex of R and T
      forms with substrate are in rapid equilibrium with the free components. The
      character of the dependences of effective constant of R denoting T isomerization
      and the value of tau on substrate concentration are analysed (tau is the
      intercept of t-axis for linear asymptota of the curve of product concentration
      versus time at t leads to infinity). It is also shown that the low rate of R
      denoting T isomerization may be manifested by the shape of the plot of initial
      reaction rate versus substrate concentration unusual for the model of Monod et
      al. (the plots with intermediate plateau and ones with Hill's coefficient of
      cooperativity less than unity).

PMID- 1203377
TI  - [Photophosphorylation sensitized by chlorophyll in the adsorbed state].
AB  - Products of phosphate oxidation in a weak alkaline medium in the electrolysis and
      in the reaction, photosensitized by chlorophyll, are studied. It is shown that
      besides perphosphates, pyrophosphate can be formed under electrochemical
      phosphate oxidation. Phosphate was used as an electron donor and the air oxygen
      was an electron acceptor in the red-ox reaction, photosensitized by chlorophyll.
      The reaction was accompanied by the decrease of inorganic phosphate content in
      the reaction medium and by the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. The mechanism of
      photophosphorylation is discussed on the basis of the data obtained.

PMID- 1203378
TI  - [Primary structure of cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart
      muscle. Isolation, purification and characterization of thermolytic peptides].

PMID- 1203379
TI  - [The interaction of pyridoxamine-5'-thiophosphate with aspartate apo
      transaminase].
AB  - Interaction of 5'-bromopyridoxamine with thiophosphate yeld 5'-phosphate thio
      ester of pyridoxamine (I). Apotransaminase and I reacted in equimolar amounts; a
      stable complex with 10--15 per cent of activity formed exhibiting a positive CD
      at 335 nm. Incubation of the complex with alpha-ketoglutarate led to formation of
      corresponding aldimine form and to partial splitting of the S--P bond. The same
      splitting take place during incubation of the I--apo-enzyme complex with
      substrate mixture.

PMID- 1203380
TI  - [Effect of a "direct" hemolytic factor and phospholipse A2 from Middle-Asian
      cobra venom on erythrocytes].
AB  - The effect of "direct" hemolytic factor (DHF) and phospholipase A2, isolated and
      purifed from Middle-Asian cobra venom on human erythrocytes is studied. DHF is
      found to increase the hemolytic effect of phospholipase A2 Ca2+ ions inhibit the
      hemolytic effect of DHF, but they increase the hemolysis in the presence of DHF
      and phospholipse A2. Heparin re moves the increasing effect of DHF. Possible
      mechanisms of the hemolytic effect of DHF and phospholipase A2 are discussed.

PMID- 1203381
TI  - [Various properties of ribonucleotide reductase from rat liver mitochondria].
AB  - Three fractions of mitochondria (light, heavy and intermediate) from normal and
      regenerating rat liver ( in 15, 24 and 48 hours after partial hepatectomy) were
      isolated by means of differential centrifugation. Heavy mitochondrial fraction
      was shown to have a higher CDP-reductase activity than light mitochondria. The
      activity of the procces of ribonucleotides reduction in the mitochondria was
      shown to depend on the tissue functional state and it was maximal in 24 hours
      after partial hepatectomy.

PMID- 1203382
TI  - [Preparation of electrophoretically homogeneous erythrocuprein and its
      thermodenaturation].
AB  - The procedure for isolation of electrophoretically homogeneous preparation of
      erythrocuprein from 17 1 blood batch was described. The preparation had
      absorbtion value, A260/A680, of 25-26. The protein completely retains superoxide
      dismutase activity after treatment 7 min. at 75 degrees C. The heating of protein
      solution at 100 degrees C bring about autoreduction of protein copper as
      demonstrated by decreasing optical and EPR-spectral intensities. The reduced
      protein was oxidized in aerobic condition and oxidized preparation had optical
      and EPR-spectra differ from those of the native protein the activy being
      decreased.

PMID- 1203383
TI  - [Soluble and membrane-bound neuraminidase in regenerating rat liver].
AB  - Two forms of neuraminidase (soluble and membrane-bound) are found in regenerating
      rat liver. Specific activity of the soluble form was found to be maximal in 18
      hours after partial hepatectomy, and that of the membrane-bound form-in 24 hours
      after the operation. Maximal specific activities of both neurominidase forms from
      regenerating rat liver considerably exceeded that from intact rat liver, shem
      operated liver and also from embryonic and lactating rat liver.

PMID- 1203385
TI  - [Isolation and characteristics of benzoyl-DL-arginl-p-nitroanilide-hydrolysing
      enzyme (BAPAase) from vetch seedlings].
AB  - The enzyme hydrolysing N-benzoyl-D,L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPA). is isolated
      from vetch seedlings and 1600-fold purified by means of chromatography on DEAE
      cellulose, hdroxyapatite and gel filtration through Sephadex G-100. The
      preparation is chromatographically homogenous, but disc electrophoresis in
      polyacrylamide gel revealed an insignificant contamination by inactive proteins.
      The data of disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel in the presence of sodium
      dodecylsulphate have shown that BAPAase has a quaternary structure containing,
      probably, four subunits identical in their molecular weight. BAPAase has a narrow
      substrate specificity: it hydrolyses BAPA, benzoyl-D,L,-argininenaphtylamide,
      benzoyl-L-arginyglycine CBZ-L-arginylglycine histones and protamine, but does not
      attack L-arginyl-p-nitroanilide benzoyl-L-arginineamide, tosyl-L-arginine methyl
      ester and casein.

PMID- 1203384
TI  - [On intratetrametric catalytic independency of active sites of lactate
      dehydrogenase isoenzymes].
AB  - Interrelations of active sites of tetrameric molecules of human
      lactatedehydrogenase (LDH), known as intratetrameric catalytic independency of
      subunits, are studied. Estimation of catalytic activity of subunits, which
      compose hybrid LDH isoenzymes, is carried out. Ratios of molecular activity of
      subunits are calculated and a conclution is drawn on the catalytic independency
      of LDH isoenzymes active sites with respect to substrate inhibition by L-lactate.
      Possible mechanisms of substrate inhibition of LDH isoenzymes and their
      inactivation with urea in the view of different interrelations of active sites of
      these isoenzymes under conditions studied are discussed.

PMID- 1203386
TI  - [Effect of temperature and concentrations of initial components on synthesis of
      internucleotide bond catalyzed by pancreatic ribonuclease].
AB  - The synthesis of cytidylyu-(3,-5,)-cytidine (CpC) catalyzed by pancreatic
      ribonuclease at 23 degrees, 0 degrees, and -15 degrees C in Tris-HCl-buffer was
      compared with that in aqueous propan-2-0. The data obtained show that the
      increase in the yield of oligonucleotides in aqueous buffer at -15 degrees,
      observed earlier is rather a result of the concentration change in the reaction
      mixture caused by the freezing of water than by a temperature fall from 0 to -15
      degrees. A 4-fold increase in the initial concentrations of the substrates and
      ribonuclease with respect to the concentrations used earlier leads to the yield
      of CC in a homogeneous solution at 0 degrees close to is yield found in the
      frozen mixture at -15 degrees.

PMID- 1203387
TI  - [Effect of levomycetin (chloramphenicol) on the biosynthesis of membrane
      proteins, structure and some functions of Micrococcus lysodeikticus bacterial
      membranes].
AB  - Levomycetin (chloroamphenicol), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, caused drastic
      changes in the molecular organization of bacterial membranes being introduced
      into the cultural medium of Micrococcus lysodeikiticus (50-100 mkg/ml. Isolated
      membranes of levomycetin-treated cells are enriched with lipids as compared with
      the control, they are more labile and they lose the X protein component and a
      considerable part of dehydrogenases, which results in the significant inhibition
      of all the respiration chain. At the same time the content of cytochrome alpha
      was increased by 17%, and the activity of malate dehydrogenase (as estimated in
      cell lysates) was two-fold increased in levomycetin-treated cell as compared with
      the control. It means that biosynthesis of some membrane proteins can be twice
      more resistant to the action of the antibiotic than the biosynthesis of other
      proteins, the total protein biosynthesis being significantly depressed (the
      incorporation of labelled leucine in membrane proteins is inhibited by 78%, and
      in cytoplasmic proteins-by 83%). The ratio of the respiration rate of intact
      levomycetin-treated cells to the protein content or to the cell bulk was similar
      to that of the control culture, which testifies the stability of membranes in
      vivo even under considerable "fattening". The loss of dehydrogenases and the X
      protein from the membranes apparently takes place at the moment of the cell
      rupture during the lysis in hypotonic medium. The ratio of the respiration rate
      of intact levomycetin-treated cells to the content of cytochromes a, b, c was
      1.15-1.55 times as low as that of control cells which is probably due to the
      tendency of respiration components to the independent translocation in the
      membrane and is the result of the decrease in the concentration of the
      respiration components under the less than fattening greater than of the
      membrane.

PMID- 1203388
TI  - [Changes in the content of different nuclear proteins and DNA from diploid and
      polyploid hepatocytes in regenerating liver of mice].
AB  - The content of 4 fractions of nuclear proteins (histones, acid chromatin protein,
      globulins and chromatin-free acid protein) in diploid and polyploid hepatocytes
      from intact and regenerating liver of mice is studied. These types of nuclei are
      found to differ in the protein content and in the protein/DNA ratio. Synthesis of
      all classes of nuclear proteins was intensified at the G1-stage, and synthesis of
      DNP non-histone proteins at the end of S- and G2-stage. Possible role of
      different nuclear proteins in the regulation of cell multiplication is discussed.

PMID- 1203389
TI  - [Deviations from hyperbolic kinetics in slowly dissociating allosteric enzyme
      systems].
AB  - The feautres of kinetic behavior of dissociating enzyme systems for which the
      rate of equilibrium between the oligomeric forms is slow in comparison with the
      rate of the enzymatic process are discussed. It is shown that in slowly
      dissociating enzyme system of the type Np in equilibrium P (P is the enzyme
      oligomer, and p is the subunit: N greater than or equal to2) in which P and p
      forms differ by the character of allosteric interaction between the active and
      allosteric sites the plots of the initial reaction rate (v) versus substrate (S)
      or effector (F) concentration may be a very complicated shape. In similar systems
      the v versus [S]0 plots may have intermediate plateau, maximum and minimum
      simultaneously, sigmoidality followed by intermediate plateau and so on, and the
      v versus [F]0 plots may have intermediate plateau.

PMID- 1203390
TI  - [Fractionation of alpha-L-fucosidases from pig kidney by gel filtration and
      isoelectric focusing].
AB  - Molecular weights of alpha-L-fucosidases I and II were found to be about 200 000
      and 140 000, respectively, by means of gel filtration. Unlike alpha-L-fucosidase
      I, alpha-L-fucosidase II were capable of binding with Sephadex for the expense of
      non-specific adsorption, which makes possible to purify alpha-L-fucosidase II
      from ballast protein under certain conditions. Some problems concerning
      interrelation of both fucosidases forms are discussed and data on isoelectric
      focusing are given, which suggest the heterogeneity of both alpha-L-fucosidases.

PMID- 1203391
TI  - [Aspartate aminotransferase from chicken heart cytosol. Characterization of SH
      groups].
AB  - Homogeneous aspartate aminotransferase has been prepared from chicken heart
      cytosol. The purification procedure includes fractionation with NH4-sulfate and
      with ethanol, chromatography on ion-exchange cellulose DE-32 and on
      hydroxylapatite. Crystallization of the enyme is described. The enzyme was shown
      to contain 4 SH-groups per protein subunit of molecular weight 50 000. Two of the
      SH-groups are fully buried, they can be blocked with thiol reagents only upon
      denaturation of the protein. One exposed SH-group is readily modified at alkaline
      pH by iodoacetamide, N-ethymaleimide or tetranitromethane, without any inhibition
      of enzymic activity; this group readily reacts also with 5,5,-ditthiobis (2
      nitrobenzoate) and p-mercuribenzoate. One SH-group is semi-buried: it is
      inaccessible to the above-mentioned reagents at pH 8, but can be blocked by p
      mercuribenzoate at pH about 5. Blocking with p-mercuribenzoate of two SH-groups
      the exposed and the semi-buried one-lowers enzymic activity to 70% of the initial
      value. Syncatalytic modication of a SH-group observed in aspartate
      aminotransferase from pig heart cytosol does not occur in chicken enzyme.

PMID- 1203392
TI  - [Isolation and properties of cathepsins A from chicken liver].
AB  - Four highly purified enzyme preparations, which belongs to the cathepsine A group
      in their substrate specificity, are isolated from the extract of a hen liver
      acetone powder. The preparations are designated as A1, A2, A3 and A4 according to
      their electrophoretic mobility. The A1 component is a protein with molecular
      weight of about 200 000, it degrades a synthetic substrate and, to a small
      degree, hemoglobin. This protein is suggested to be the fragment of a liver
      enzyme complex. The A2 component has molecular weight of about 70 000 and the
      highest activity. The A3 component has molecular weight 100 000 and the lowest
      activity. The A2 and A3 components are similar to cathepsine A from other
      tissues. THe A4 component is characterized by a high electrophoretic mobility, a
      resistance in neutral and weakly alkaline media and a low molecular weight (of
      about 60 000). Cu2+, Ag+ and diisopropylphosphofluoridate completely inhibited
      the activity of all the enzyme preparation studied. Tosyl-alpha-amino-phenylethyl
      chloremethylketone inhibited the enzymes activity only by 50-70%.

PMID- 1203393
TI  - [The creatine effect on RNA and protein synthesis in growing culture of chick
      embryo myoblasts].
AB  - 4hr incubation of the growing culture of chick embrio myoblasts in the presence
      of 5 mM creatine resulted, regardless of a well-defined lowering of cell membrane
      permeability to labelled precursors, in: (1) the 1.5-fold induction of 14C-orotic
      acid incorporation into total cellular RNA; (2) the 1.9-fold stimulation of DNA
      dependent RNA-polymerase activity and (3) the preferable, in comparison with
      total proteins, 14C-leucine incorporation in the myosin heavy chain. The
      stimulating effect of creatine on RNA-poly-merase deals with a definite enzyme
      fraction and it is caused by the augmentation of the transcriptional complex
      enzyme activity. Polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis of total 14C-RNA revealed a
      relative increase of radioactivity after creatine treatment in both high
      molecular pike and the fraction corresponding to 26S RNA, the relative proportion
      of mRNA containing Poly-A in the composition of total cellular RNA being
      invariable. The data obtained show that, though creatine as a positive regulator
      manifestates its effect at different stages of the sucessive chain of reactions
      leading to muscular protein synthesis, the direct realization of creatine
      regulatory function is connected with nucleus and is fullfilled at the
      transcription level.

PMID- 1203394
TI  - [Determination of the nature of a bond between glucose and 5'
      hydrocymethylcytosine in DDVI phage DNA].
AB  - The nature of glycoside bond in extra-sugar component of 5'-hydroxymethycytidylic
      (5-OMS) nucleotides on DDVI phage DNA was studied. 79% of glucose in
      monoglucosylated 5-OMC and 50% of glucose residues in diglucosylated 5-OMC were
      found to be bound by beta-glucoside bond.

PMID- 1203395
TI  - [Primary structure of tyrosine-containing histone Fi peptide by means of dansyl
      ultramicromethod].
AB  - A method of ultramicroanalysis of dansyl-aminoacids is worked out and used for
      studying the primary structure of tirosin-containing F1 histone peptide isolated
      from calf thymus nitriated unfractionated F1 histone. The peptide is shown to be
      common for all the histone subfractions. The analysis of amino acid composition
      and C-terminal sequency using carboxypeptidase Y has shown that the peptide
      structure is identical to the amino acid sequence of the respective peptide from
      the subfraction 3 of rabbit thymus F1 histone, in the latter glycine being
      substituted with alanine.

PMID- 1203396
TI  - [Identification of the inhibition type of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activity
      by Ca2+].
AB  - Ca2+ inhibitory effect on hexokinase (HK) and pyruvatkinase activities is
      studied. Kinetic analysis of the inhibition reaction is carried out to determine
      the inhibition type. Non-competitive inhibition with respect to reaction
      activator, Mg2+, is found for HK and PK. On the basis of graph analysis data for
      both reactions the values of the activatory constant (KA) and the inhibitory
      constant (Ki) are calculated. The experimental results are discussed with respect
      to possible regulatory effect of Ca2+ on glycolysis cycle.

PMID- 1203397
TI  - [Method of purification of glucose oxidase by means of affinity chromatography on
      immunoabsorbent].
AB  - The possibility to purify glucose oxidase from Penicillium vitale on
      immunosorbent containing specific antibodies to the enzyme covalently bound with
      Sepharose 4B is studied. The method of affinity chromatography was applied,
      beside routine methods of fractionating blood serum proteins, to isolate specific
      antibodies from antiserum of rabbits immunized with glucose oxidase. Immobilized
      on Sepharose glucose oxidase was used as biospecific sorbent. Specific antibodies
      to the enzyme were isolated using chromatograpy of gamma-globulins mixture
      followed by protein desorption from the column with 1 M NaC1 and 3% glucose.
      Antibodies were immobilized by their covalent binding to activated Sepharose. The
      immunosorbent obtained was used to purify low active preparation of glucose
      oxidase by means of affinity chromatography under conditions worked out for the
      antibodies isolation. The enzyme was eluted from the column with 1 M NaC1 (pH
      3.0) containing 3% glucose. 5-Fold purified enzyme preparation was isolated.

PMID- 1203398
TI  - [Acid phosphatase activity in the hemolymph of spring and summer generations of
      mulberry silkworm hybrids].

PMID- 1203399
TI  - [Age-related changes in the arterial lumen in the fur seal].

PMID- 1203400
TI  - [Cardiotropic action of bee venom and melitten].

PMID- 1203401
TI  - [Heparin-urea complex and its biological properties].

PMID- 1203402
TI  - Electrophysiologic analysis of regional cortical maturation.
AB  - Some issues in the study of human neurobehavioral development are briefly set
      forth. Attention is called to the limitations of strictly structural and
      behavioral approaches. The value of correlative morphophysiological and
      psychophysiological investigations is emphasized. By averaging brain activity
      with respect to stimuli and motor responses, event-related cortical potentials
      (ERP) can be reliably detected in the scalp EEG. Longitudinal topographic studies
      of ERP permit the definition of a sequence of regional cortical maturation during
      infancy and childhood. We have found that evoked potentials in the three major
      sensory modalities arise from both primary and secondary projection areas by 30
      weeks of conceptional age. Frontocentral responses appear shortly thereafter.
      Thus, cortical mechanisms show a precocious development of electrogenesis which
      indicates the possibility for an early environmental impact on brain maturation.
      In contrast to the evoked potentials, association cortex potentials (ACP) do not
      seem to appear until early childhood. The behavioral significance of these
      neuroelectric phenomena is being sought in studies employing techniques which
      permit the concurrent recording of brain activity and behavioral responses in the
      waking infant and child. Some of the problems confronting the application of
      these methods to studies of infants are outlined.

PMID- 1203403
TI  - Psychophysiology of sociopathy: electrocortical measures.
AB  - The CNV, visual AEP and resting EEG were analyzed in sociopaths and controls
      matched for age and sex. Twenty-seven male sociopaths were selected by
      psychiatric interview and special rating scale, restricted to Shipley-Hartford
      IQs of 115-145 and separated into young (x = 20.5 yr) and older (x = 35.3 yr) age
      groups. Subjects participated in forewarned reaction-time tasks in which the
      imperative stimulus was either an innocuous or noxious tone that the subject
      escaped by pressing a response key. Sociopaths and controls did not differ in
      reaction time, vertex and occipital AEP amplitude or latency, and power spectral
      density of the EEG. Contrary to previous findings, there also were no significant
      differences between sociopaths and controls in overall CNV amplitude or
      topography. However, while most controls showed increased CNV amplitude in the
      noxious tone condition as compared to the innocuous tone condition, older
      sociopaths showed no change, or decreased amplitudes.

PMID- 1203404
TI  - Spontaneous rhythms of perceptual motor performance in intact and damaged brain
      of man.
AB  - A simple 15-sec maximal speed tapping task was administered every minute for 20
      min to 69 healthy subjects and to 53 patients with mental disorders embodying six
      diagnostic categories including mental retardation. Analysis of the results
      showed age and diagnosis, but not gender, to be significant variables.
      Autocorrelation analysis of the results revealed the existence of spontaneous
      ultradian cycles of recurrence for all subjects, the frequency and amplitude of
      which discriminated the healthy subjects and only non-organically sick patients
      from patients with organic neurological deficits. 'Scatter' scores representing
      deviations about the mean tapping scores showed similar cyclic characteristics.
      The relationship between these cycles of motor performance and neural clock
      controlling perception is discussed.

PMID- 1203406
TI  - Some physiological characteristics of motility in the in vivo avian oviduct.

PMID- 1203405
TI  - Developmental effects of neonatal sex hormones on spatial and activity skills in
      the white rat.
AB  - The purpose of this experiment is to extend these experiments by using varying
      neonatal hormonal differentiation processes and to examine the effects of these
      different methods of neonatal feminization on changes in spatial and activity
      skills. The experiment involved three neonatally feminized groups of male rats:
      'castration alone', 'estrogen alone', and 'estrogen injected castrates' together
      with one female sample, 'testosterone injected castrates', while treated and
      untreated male and female controls were also used. The data provide partial
      support for the major hypotheses that neonatal gonadectomy and opposite sex
      hormones administered to male and female castrated rats (together and
      independently for males) would reverse the normal sex-associated abilities of the
      white rate (higher male spatial learning and higher female activity). However,
      the feminization effect for the male 'estrogen alone' and 'castration alone'
      experimental groups was much greater than for the male estrogen injected
      castrates. The masculinized females, testosterone injected castrates, also had
      higher spatial learning and lower activity levels, while the feminized male's
      spatial and activity skills were also reversed. This confirmed in part the extent
      to which neonatal gonadal sex hormones are effective at critical periods of
      development in programming the brain in terms of sex-associated spatial and
      activity skills. Adult hormonal replacement therapy was also administered at 12
      months and supported the hypothesis that sex hormones in adults would be mainly
      activational and have less marked effects than the significant directional
      changes obtained by these neonatal sex hormones and castration techniques.

PMID- 1203407
TI  - The relationship between sperm concentration and fertilization in vitro of mouse
      eggs.

PMID- 1203408
TI  - Protein and RNA synthesis in endometrium of the rat uterus during early
      progestation.

PMID- 1203409
TI  - Serum progesterone in pregnant rats with ectopic or in situ corpora lutea:
      correlation between amount of luteal tissue and progesterone concentration.

PMID- 1203410
TI  - The secretory activity of the seminal vesicles in the rat after copulation.

PMID- 1203411
TI  - Ovarian progesterone levels during in vitro oocyte maturation and ovulation in
      Xenopus laevis.

PMID- 1203412
TI  - Retardation of guinea pig sperm acrosome reaction by glucose: the possible
      importance of pyruvate and lactate metabolism in capacitation and the acrosome
      reaction.

PMID- 1203413
TI  - Cardiac output and genital blood flow distribution during the preovulatory period
      in rabbits.

PMID- 1203414
TI  - The effect of estrogen and progesterone on uterine prostaglandin biosynthesis in
      the ovariectomized rat.

PMID- 1203416
TI  - [Synthesis of nucleosides with a split sugar and study of enzymatic deamination].

PMID- 1203415
TI  - [Glycoproteins in the organization of the intercellular matrix. Ontogenetic,
      phylogentic and pathological aspects].

PMID- 1203417
TI  - [Interactions of lectins with surface membranes in normal and tumor cells].

PMID- 1203418
TI  - [Recent development in the chemistry of aminoglycoside antibiotic components].

PMID- 1203420
TI  - [Synthesis of new types of C-nucleosides].

PMID- 1203419
TI  - [Recent progress in the field of antibiotics containing carbohydrates with split
      or elongated chains].

PMID- 1203421
TI  - The effect of histological variation on the tensile strength of cortical bone.
AB  - Under controlled machining, storage and testing conditions the tensile strength
      of longitudinally orientated specimens of cortical bone is measured over a range
      of 3 rates of strain. Coefficients of correlation and associated regression
      curves computed between the strength measurements and the results of a
      comprehensive photometric analysis of the histological microstructure indicate
      that naturally occurring cavities in the structure constitute the most
      significant sites of weakness. The observed strain rate sensitivity of their
      weakening effect suggests a mechanism of stress concentration to be operative.
      Clinical significance in such conditions as osteoporosis is indicated.

PMID- 1203422
TI  - Electrical interference in hospitals--practical experience in a large region.
AB  - A great deal has been written about electrical interference, yet there is a
      distinct lack of information for the hospital environment. There are many factors
      affecting this problem in the clinical context and we report on our own practical
      experiences based on routine investigation of electrical interference. We
      describe the special instrumentation developed, the method of investigation
      adopted and the most common interference problems encountered. We also review the
      manufacturer's contribution.

PMID- 1203423
TI  - A photoelastic force-indicating spreader for the correction of scoliosis.
AB  - The Harrington rod procedure for the surgical correction of scoliosis may be
      safely applied only if the spreader is instrumented with a force indicator. A
      method is described here of providing the surgeon with simple and direct means of
      controlling the force exerted with the spreader, using a photoelastic transducer
      with a special device for temperature compensation which is built into the
      spreader.

PMID- 1203425
TI  - Meeting report. Electronic aids for the deaf.

PMID- 1203424
TI  - A cardiac monitor combining flow and pressure measurement.
AB  - Continuous measurements on patients after cardiac surgery are usually limited to
      blood pressure and ECG. This article describes a new monitor which combines
      instantaneous arotic flow and arterial pressure measurements to derive stroke
      volume, ventricular power, stroke work, and an indication of left ventricular
      afterload. The methods used to obtain the new derivatives are discussed and
      clinical applications described.

PMID- 1203426
TI  - Equipment review. ECG monitors (6.1).

PMID- 1203427
TI  - Comparison of logistic equations for population growth.
AB  - Two different forms of the logistic equation for population growth appear in the
      ecological literature. In the form of the logistic equation that appears in
      recent ecology textbooks the parameters are the instantaneous rate of natural
      increase per individual and the carrying capacity of the environment. In the form
      of the logistic equation that appears in some older literature the parameters are
      the instantaneous birth rate per individual and the carrying capacity. The
      decision whether to use one form or the other depends on which form of the
      equation is biologically more realistic. In this study the form of the logistic
      equation in which the instantaneous birth rate per individual is a parameter is
      shown to be more realistic in terms of the birth and death processes of
      population growth. Application of the logistic equation to calculate yield from
      an exploited fish population also shows that the parameters must be the
      instantaneous birth rate per individual and the carrying capacity.

PMID- 1203428
TI  - On the use of indicator variables for studying the time-dependence of parameters
      in a response-time model.

PMID- 1203429
TI  - Tests for association of gene frequencies at several loci in random mating
      diploid populations.
AB  - Methods are outlined for analyzing data on genotype frequencies at several
      codominant loci in random mating diploid populations. Maximum likelihood (ML)
      methods are given for estimating chromosomal frequencies. Using these, a
      succession of models of assumed independence of gene frequency are fitted. These
      are based on those used in multi-dimensional contigency tables, and tests for
      association (linkage disequilibrium), made using likelihood ratios. The methods
      are illustrated with an example.

PMID- 1203430
TI  - An improved life table method.
AB  - A life table estimates probabilities of surviving and of dying as well as death
      rates, as these would apply in a stationary population with the same underlying
      continuous mortality curve as the observed population. We have derived
      approximations to the probability of surviving that require no iteration, do not
      depend on graduation or interpolation, and appear to give as precise results as
      interpolated or iterated tables. On the side of theroy we show that methods due
      to T.N.E. Greville and to Reed and Merrell are special cases of our formula (3).
      The new approach is extended to cause-deleted tables and to multiple decrement.

PMID- 1203431
TI  - The statistical analysis of density dependence.
AB  - The distrubution of the reciprocal of von Neumann's ratio is considered under the
      random walk model, x(t+1) rwis;d xt + et, and it is shown how this quantity can
      be used to test for density dependence in animal populations. Another test is
      described which is robust under superimposed errors of measurement. The methods
      are used to analyze data on Canadian fur-bearing mammals.

PMID- 1203432
TI  - The use and analysis of multiple responses in multicompartment cellular systems.
AB  - Within multicompartment cellular systems in the steady state the distrubution of
      tracer as a function of time is described by sums of exponentials. A design for
      data collection and analysis is set forward to deal with the problems of lumping
      and ill-conditioning inherent in such a mathematical description. This design
      requires the provision of multiple responses and can be analyzed by a Bayesian
      multivariate technique. Although only one response may be capable of completely
      characterizing the system, there is much to be gained from additional responses
      in terms of precision in parameter estimation. A time series is used to account
      for autocorrelated error in the responses. The design is compared to other least
      squares approaches and is demonstrated in an investigation of the transport and
      storage of serotonin in blood platelets. The kinetic parameters describing
      serotinin movement are estimated and their joint confidnece regions plotted.

PMID- 1203433
TI  - A case study in techniques of allocation.
AB  - A number of techniques for allocating an individual into one of two groups have
      been compared in a practical situation. On the basis of the answers to nine
      Yes/No questions it was necessary to allocate patients previously treated for
      thyrotoxicosis into those suspected to be hypothyroid and those thought to be
      euthyroid. Eight different methods have been applied to this problem and the main
      conclusion from the analysis is that seven of the techniques give broadly similar
      results, including the simple one of symptom counting. The other method, the
      multinomial, suffered from the need to estimate a large number of parameters on a
      relatively small set of data, and the resulting allocation rule performed badly
      in an independent sample.

PMID- 1203434
TI  - Some interrelationships among the regression coefficient estimates arising in a
      class of models appropriate to response-time data.
AB  - Interrelationships among three response-time models which incorporate covariate
      information are explored. The most general of these models is the logistic
      exponential in which the log odds of the probability of responding in a fixed
      interval is assumed to be a linear function of the covariates; this model
      includes a parameter W for the width of discrete time intervals in which
      responses occur. As W leads to O this model is equivalent to a continuous time
      exponential model in which the log hazard is linear in the covariates. As W leads
      to infininity it is equivalent to a continuous time exponential model in which
      the hazard itself is a linear function of the covariates. This second model was
      fitted to the data used in an earlier publication describing the logistic
      exponential model, and very close agreement of the estimates of the regression
      coefficients is demonstrated.

PMID- 1203435
TI  - The analysis of binary responses from toxicological experiments involving
      reproduction and teratogenicity.
AB  - This paper describes a parametric method for analyzing binary response data from
      completely randomized experiments in which the experimental units are animal
      litters. Responses within a litter are assumed to form a set of Bernoulli trials
      whose success probability varies between litters in the same treatment group
      according to a two parameter beta distribution. The parameters of the beta
      distribution for each treatment are estimated by maximum likelihood and treatment
      differences are tested by asymptotic likelihood ratio tests.

PMID- 1203436
TI  - Remarks on the conservatism of sigma(0 -- E)2/E in survival data.
AB  - This note presents theoretical and numerical calculations which investigate the
      adequacy of the sigma(0 -- E)2/E approximation (Peto and Pike [1973]) when
      applying the Mantel/Haenszel summary chisquare statistic to the comparison of r
      life tables in the manner suggested by Mantel [1966], Peto and Peto [1972], and
      Cox [1972]. These indicate that conservatism is mild unless there are marked
      differences in the withdrawal patterns in the r tables. Such differences may,
      however, be anticipated in the case of a generalization of the life table
      procedure suggested by Crowley [1973], Mantel and Byar [1974], and Turnbull,
      Brown, and Hu [1974], wherein individuals are moved from one life table to
      another according to changes in their treatment (or other) statuses.

PMID- 1203437
TI  - A first mathematical approximation of cerebral cortical responses to cerebello
      thalamic signals using a thermodynamic analogue.
AB  - A mathematical approximation is developed to predict cerebral cortical responses
      CTX(t, x, R) at a distance R (R greater than or equal to 0) from a focal point in
      the cerebral cortex, at a depth x (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal
      to 500 mu) from the cortical surface and at any time t, to thalamic signals
      THAL(t) whose amplitudes also vary with time t. The equation is derived from a
      thermodynamic analogue, which is the time dependent heating of a focus at the
      surface of a semi-infinite solid.

PMID- 1203438
TI  - Letter: Group testing with the goal of estimation.

PMID- 1203439
TI  - White noise analysis of Phycomyces light growth response system. II. Extended
      intensity ranges.
AB  - By means of white gaussian noise stimulation, the Wiener kernels are derived for
      the Phycomyces light growth response for a variety of intensity conditions. In
      one experiment the intensity I, rather than log I, is used as the input variable.
      Under the very limited dynamic range of that experiment, the response is fairly
      linear. To examine the dependence of the kernels on dynamic range, a series of
      experiments were performed in which the range of log I was halved and doubled
      relative to normal. The amplitude of the kernels, but not the time course, is
      affected strongly by the choice of dynamic range, and the dependence reveals
      large-scale nonlinearities not evident in the kernels themselves. In addition
      kernels are evaluated for experiments at a number of absolute intensity levels
      ranging from 10(-12) to 10(-3) W/cm2. The kernel amplitudes are maximal at about
      10(-6) W/cm2. At 10(-12) W/cm2, just above the absolute threshold, the respond is
      very small. The falloff at high intensity, attributable to inactivation of the
      photoreceptor, is analyzed in the framework of a first-order pigment kinetics
      model, yielding estimates for the partial extinction coefficient for inactivation
      epsilonI455 = (1.5 +/- 0.2) X 10(4) liter/mol-cm and a regeneration time constant
      of tau = (2.7 +/- 0.6) min. A model is introduced which associates the processes
      of adaptation and photoreceptor inactivation. The model predicts that the time
      constants for adaptation and pigment should be identical. This prediction is
      consistent with values in this and the preceding paper. The effects of pigment
      inactivation are simulated by a linear electronic analog circuit element, which
      may be cascaded with the linear simulator circuit in the preceding paper.

PMID- 1203440
TI  - White noise analysis of Phycomyces light growth response system. III.
      Photomutants.
AB  - Wiener kernels have been measured for the light growth response of a number of
      mutants of Phycomyces which show abnormal phototropism (mad mutants).
      Representative mutants were chosen from the six complementation groups (madA to
      madF) associated with the light response pathway. One group, madA, associated
      with the input part of the pathway, exhibits an essentially normal response
      provided it is tested above its moderate threshold. The groups madB and madC
      appear more defective, in that their kernel amplitudes are very small even above
      their thresholds. Their similarity to each other suggests a close functional
      connection between the respective genes. The remaining three groups (madD, madE,
      and madF) have all been associated with the output of the pathway. Tbe kernels
      for all three indicate a gain reduction, which depends gradually on intensity.
      These three groups appear to have the same absolute threshold as wild-type. None
      of the mutants studied shows special behavior at high intensity that could be
      evidence of alterations in the photoreceptor complex.

PMID- 1203441
TI  - An equivalent circuit for small atrial trabeculae of frog.
AB  - An equivalent electrical circuit has been constructed for small atrial trabecula
      of frog in a double sucrose gap voltage clamp apparatus. The basic strategy in
      constructing the circuit was to derive the distribution of membrane capacitance
      and extracellular resistance from the preparation's response to small voltage
      displacements near the resting condition, when the membrane conductance is
      presumably quite low. Then standard Hodgkin-Huxley channels were placed in
      parallel with the capacitance and the results of voltage clamp experiments were
      simulated. The results suggest that the membranes of the preparation cannot in
      fact be clamped near the control voltage nor can the ionic currents be measured
      directly with reasonable accuracy by axon standards. It may or may not be a
      realizable goal in the future to define the preparation's electrical behavior
      well enough to permit the ultimate quantitative description of the membrane's
      specific ion conductances. The result of this paper suggest that if this goal is
      achieved using the double sucrose gap voltage clamp, it will be by a detailed
      quantitative accounting for substantial irreducible errors in voltage control,
      rather than by experimental achievement of good voltage control.

PMID- 1203442
TI  - Drag coefficients for the movement of rigid spheres through liquid-filled
      cylindrical pores.

PMID- 1203443
TI  - Spatial stability of traveling wave solutions of a nerve conduction equation.
AB  - A simplified FitzHugh-Nagumo nerve conduction equation with known traveling wave
      solutions is considered. The spatial stability of these solutions is analyzed to
      determine which solutions should occur in signal transmission along such a nerve
      model. It is found that the slower of the two pulse solutions is unstable while
      the faster one is stable, so the faster one should occur. This agrees with
      conjectures which have been made about the solutions of other nerve conduction
      equations. Furthermore for certain parameter values the equation has two periodic
      wave solutions, each representing a train of impulses, at each frequency less
      than a maximum frequency wmax. The slower one is found to be unstable and the
      faster one to be stable, while that at wmax is found to be neutrally stable.
      These spatial stability results complement the previous results of Rinzel and
      Keller (1973. Biophys. J. 13: 1313) on temporal stability, which are applicable
      to the solutions of initial value problems.

PMID- 1203444
TI  - White noise analysis of Phycomyces light growth response system. I. Normal
      intensity range.
AB  - The Wiener-Lee-Schetzen method for the identification of a nonlinear system
      through white gaussian noise stimulation was applied to the transient light
      growth response of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces. In order to cover a moderate
      dynamic range of light intensity I, the imput variable was defined to be log I.
      The experiments were performed in the normal range of light intensity, centered
      about I0 = 10(-6) W/cm2. The kernels of the Wierner functionals were computed up
      to second order. Within the range of a few decades the system is reasonably
      linear with log I. The main nonlinear feature of the second-order kernel
      corresponds to the property of rectification. Power spectral analysis reveals
      that the slow dynamics of the system are of at least fifth order. The system can
      be represented approximately by a linear transfer function, including a first
      order high-pass (adaptation) filter with a 4 min time constant and an underdamped
      fourth-order low-pass filter. Accordingly a linear electronic circuit was
      constructed to simulate the small scale response characteristics. In terms of the
      adaptation model of Delbruck and Reichardt (1956, in Cellular Mechanisms in
      Differentiation and Growth, Princeton University Press), kernels were deduced for
      the dynamic dependence of the growth velocity (output) on the "subjective
      intensity", a presumed internal variable. Finally the linear electronic simulator
      above was generalized to accommodate the large scale nonlinearity of the
      adaptation model and to serve as a tool for deeper test of the model.

PMID- 1203445
TI  - Derivation of some parameters of myoelectric signals recorded during sustained
      constant force isometric contractions.
AB  - Mathematical expressions are derived for some parameters of the myoelectric (ME)
      signal recorded during a constant force isometric contraction. The expressions
      are developed from a stochastic model for the motor-unit action-potential trains
      obtained from empirical results. The following parameters: (a) the mean rectified
      value, (b) the mean integrated rectified value, (c) the root-mean-square value,
      and (d) the power density spectrum are described as functions of contraction time
      and constant force of an isometric muscle contraction. The calculated parameters
      are compared to their corresponding empirically obtained measurements which have
      been reported in the literature. A discussion on the behavior of the parameters
      during increasing contraction time is presented. Synchronization of the motor
      unit action-potential trains is shown to have a pronounced effect on the
      parameters of the myoelectric signal. This result should be considered when
      analyzing long records of myoelectric signals.

PMID- 1203446
TI  - The electric dipole moment of rhodopsin solubilized in Triton X-100.
AB  - The electric dipole moment of solubilized rhodopsin was determined with
      dielectric dispersion measurements. Rhodopsin was extracted from disc membranes
      of cattle rod outer segments with the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. The dipole
      moment of rhodopsin at its isoionic point in the detergent micelle is 720 D (150
      charge-A). This value is comparable to dipole moments of nonmembrane proteins,
      especially those which tend to aggregate or polymerize. Flash irradiation of the
      rhodopsin results in an increase in the dipole moment of about 25 D (5 charge-A).
      The light-induced increase in dipole moment appears to be composed of two parts-
      a faster component related to a change in the number of protons bound by
      rhodopsin and a slower component apparently independent of the change in proton
      binding.

PMID- 1203447
TI  - An analysis of lamellar x-ray diffraction from disordered membrane multilayers
      with application to data from retinal rod outer segments.
AB  - Oriented multilayers containing a membrane pair within the unit cell potentially
      possess both lattice disorder and substitution disorder. Lattice disorder occurs
      when there is a lack of long-range order in the lattice spacings produced by a
      variation in the nearest neighbor distances between unit cells. A simple form of
      substitution disorder can arise from a variation in the separation of the two
      membranes within the unit cells in the multilayer. Lattice disorder produces a
      monotonically increasing width for higher order lamellar "reflections" while
      simple substitution disorder produces an incoherent intensity underlying the
      coherent intensity. A generalized Patterson function analysis has been developed
      for treating lamellar diffraction from lattice disordered multilayers. This
      analysis allows the identification of the autocorrelation function of the unit
      cell electron density profile and its subsequent deconvolution to provide the
      unit cell electron density profile. A recursive procedure has been developed for
      separating the incoherent intensity from the coherent intensity via a Gaussian
      probability model of the membrane intra-pair separation. In cases studied so far
      both disorders can be quantitatively accounted for and eliminated from
      interfering with the phasing of the coherent intensity or distorting the derived
      electron density profile. Lamellar X-ray diffraction data from intact retinal
      rods, using either film or position sensitive detectors, shows severe effects of
      both forms of disorder which have not been taken into account in past analysis of
      such data. We have applied our analysis to the data on dark adapted rod outer
      segments in electrophysiologically intact retinas of Chabre and Cavaggioni
      (unpublished). An electron density profile is derived at 25 A resolution. The
      lattice nearest neighbor spacing has a variation of +/- 19 A out of a 295 A
      repeat. The intra-unit cell membrane pair center to center distance of 88 A
      varies +/-8 A.

PMID- 1203448
TI  - Water in agarose gels studied by nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in the
      rotating frame.
AB  - The dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T1rho)
      on radio frequency (RF) field strength and temperature has been studied for
      agarose gels in order to investigate molecular motion. The results indicate the
      presence of slow motions with a correlation time of ca. 5-10(-6) s at room
      temperature. This interaction is responsible for the short spin-spin relaxation
      times (T2) for water protons in agarose gels and is ascribed to firmly bound
      water. The fraction of bound water is estimated to about 0.003 for a 7.3% agarose
      gel. The motion of the more mobile protons in agarose-water systems can not be
      characterized by single correlation time. This fraction is presumably composed of
      water in different motional states and some of the agarose hydroxyl protons.
      Higher mobilities are the most common.

PMID- 1203449
TI  - Computation of axon gating currents from dipole moment changes in channel
      subunits.
AB  - The gating polarizational currents were computed on the basis of the dipole
      moment changes occurring in nerve membrane ionic channel subunits. Membrane
      thickness and surface density of channels were the only parameters used in
      addition to the Hodgkin-Huxley model. The gating currents computed for membrane
      potentials where the Hodgkin-Huxley empirical formulae are reliable were found to
      be in good agreement with the available experimental data. It is demonstrated
      that the gating currents of the n and h subunits are responsible for the late
      slowly decaying gating currents.

PMID- 1203450
TI  - Characterization of functional groups of acidic thermal polymers of alpha-amino
      acids.

PMID- 1203451
TI  - A new aspect of the RNA bacteriophages translation control mechanism.
AB  - The polarity effect of the coat protein gene of the ribonucleic acid of RNA
      bacteriophages on the polymerase gene translation will be taken as the basis of
      the polymerase translation control mechanism. A further condition for this
      mechanism discussed in this work is the dependence of the phage RNA replication
      on host cell translation factors. The ribosome binding sites of the phage RNA
      play a decisive role to realize the control mechanism coding for definite
      ribosome binding probabilities. The relation between them quantifies the reached
      polymerase concentration in the early phase of the development of the RNA
      bacteriophage system in the infected cell.

PMID- 1203453
TI  - Problems with entropy in biology.
AB  - Entropy has been widely referred to as a measure of biological order. The
      validity of this notion is discussed in conjunction with it's relation to the
      spontaneous creation of order. Information theory offers a quantitative method
      for characterization of order, however, it is not fundamentally connected to
      formalisms of irreversible thermodynamics, and it is severely limited because the
      meaning and value of the information is neglected. A completely general notation
      is proposed for including measures of order of a biological system in the entropy
      balance equation of irreversible thermodynamics. Problems of assigning energetic
      equivalents to measures of order are indicated, with a final focus on the problem
      of meaning and value.

PMID- 1203452
TI  - Model for the positional differentiation of the cap in Acetabularia.
AB  - A late stage during the biological cycle of the unicellular alga Acetabularia is
      the differentiation of a cap at the apical end of the stalk. A minimal model of
      the spatio-temporal regulation of this event is proposed on the basis of
      biological data available and current hypotheses. This involves the interaction
      between a diffusing inhibitor specific to the translation of cap mRNAs and a
      graded distribution of these messengers. The model accounts for delayed protein
      synthesis which occurs preferably at the apex and is likely to initiate the
      formation of the cap. The biological and theoretical implications are discussed.

PMID- 1203454
TI  - The microbes' contribution to evolution.

PMID- 1203455
TI  - Primitive mitotic mechanisms.
AB  - Unorthodox mitotic mechanisms are reviewed and their contribution to the
      understanding of evolution of the orthodox mitotic apparatus is considered.
      Dinoflagellates and hypermastigote flagellates are of particular significance
      because the microtubular mitotic apparatus is entirely extranuclear with the
      nuclear membrane persisting through mitosis. Chromosomes are attached to the
      nuclear membrane. In hypermastigole flagellates early kinetochore separation is
      on the nuclear membrane without any contribution from microtubules. In
      dinoflagellates the chromosomes are also attached to the nuclear membrane, but at
      least in some species cytoplasmic microtubules connect to the attachment site. In
      Syndinium the attachment site resembles a typical kinetochore, but is inserted in
      the nuclear membrane. A similar kinetochore is found in certain Radiolaria, but
      with an intranuclear spindle apparatus the association with the nuclear membrane
      is no longer necessary and has been lost. Mitosis in the yeast Saccharomyces is
      essentially orthodox, though chromosomes do not condense. No kinetochores are
      seen, but a single microtubule makes direct contact with the 20 nm chromatin
      fiber of each chromosome and shortens during anaphase. About 5-10 microtubules
      are continuous between the spindle pole bodies and form the elongating central
      spindle.

PMID- 1203456
TI  - Some aspects of mitosis in primitive green algae: phylogeny and function.

PMID- 1203457
TI  - The possible significance of variations in the mitotic systems of the aquatic
      fungi (Phycomycetes).

PMID- 1203458
TI  - Possible formation and development of spirochaete attachment sites found on the
      surface of symbiotic polymastigote flagellates of the termite Reticulitermes
      flavipes.
AB  - We propose that spirochaete attachment sites arise from peripheral protrusions
      which appear on the surface of polymastigote flagellates. These protrusions
      develop into bracket-shaped structures which then form the mature attachment
      site. Next the site becomes detached from the surface of the cell; this latter
      process may be facilitated by the fusion of vesicles located in the region
      immediately beneath the spirochaete attachment site. This theory could explain
      the variability in the number and distribution of attachment sites on the surface
      of the flagellates.

PMID- 1203459
TI  - The evolutionary significance of ultrastructural variations in the micronuclear
      spindle apparatus in the genus Paramecium.
AB  - Ultrastructural variations of micronuclear mitosis in three species of Paramecium
      have been reviewed for the purpose of hypothesizing possible evolutionary
      relationships. P. bursaria is considered to be the most primitive species because
      it has complex kinetochore-equivalents termed microlamellae which attach to
      microfilaments. P. multimicronucleatum is considered more advanced since it has
      typical kinetochores which intercalate between the kinetochores and polar
      microfilaments. P. aurelia is considered the most advanced member of the genus,
      and has typical diffuse or well defined kinetochores and chromosomal microtubules
      while it lacks obvious meshworks of microfilaments. A hypothetical model of
      chromosome movement in the genus involves the interaction of microtubules and
      microfilaments.

PMID- 1203460
TI  - YATP value in Candida tropicalis grown on n-alkanes, fatty acids, and acetate.
AB  - The amount of ATP produced during n-alkane, fatty acid, or acetate metabolism in
      Candida tropicalis has been established from the P/O ratios measured on isolated
      mitochondria, yield on substrate and carbon balance. For these three kinds of
      substrates YATP value has been found to be close to 4, although Ysub on acetate
      is very different from those found with n-alkanes or fatty acids.

PMID- 1203461
TI  - The effect of methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid on growth of Candida
      boidinii 11 Bh.
AB  - The dependence of the specific growth rate of Candida boidinii 11 Bh on methanol
      concentration follows Monod-type kinetics only in a narrow concentration range (0
      -0.8 v/v), with a saturation constant of about 19 mmol. With a further increase
      in methanol concentration of up to 3% v/v, the specific growth rate remains
      constant. Beyond this level, the growth rate gradually drops to zero, reaching
      the threshold value at 7.8% v/v. The specific growth rate is also strongly
      dependent on the size of the inoculum. The biomass yield decreases with an
      increase in the methanol concentration. Formaldehyde and formic acid, oxidative
      products of methanol, approximately 100 and ten times, respectively, more toxic
      to growth than the original substrate.

PMID- 1203462
TI  - The yields of extracted protein and of residual fiber from potato haulm taken as
      a by-product.
AB  - In July the yield of protein extractable from potato haulm could be 600 kg/ha and
      the beginning of September it is 200 kg/ha. The yield of fiber containing 1 to 2%
      N is less affected by maturity. The annual waste of extractable protein, suitable
      for feeding nonruminants, is about 60,000 tons. The contribution that some small
      changes in conventional potato husbandry might make to minimizing this waste is
      discussed.

PMID- 1203463
TI  - Application of modified Rosenbrock's method for optimization of nutrient media
      used in microorganism culturing.
AB  - The Rosenbrock's procedure has been modified for optimization of nutrient medium
      composition and has been found to be less tedious than the Box-Wilson method,
      especially for larger numbers of optimized parameters. Its merits are
      particularly obvious with multiparameter optimization where the gradient method,
      so far the only one employed in microbiology from a variety of optimization
      methods (e.g., refs, 9 and 10), becomes impractical because of the excessive
      number of experiments required. The method suggested is also more stable during
      optimization than the gradient methods which are very sensitive to the selection
      of steps in the direction of the gradient and may thus easily shoot out of the
      optimized region. It is also anticipated that other direct search methods,
      particularly simplex design, may be easily adapted for optimization of medium
      composition. It is obvious that direct search methods may find an application in
      process improvement in antibiotic and related industries.

PMID- 1203464
TI  - Evaluation of the DYNA-Cell for production of surface-substrate dependent cells.

PMID- 1203466
TI  - Chromosome assignments of genes in man using mouse-human somatic cell hybrids:
      association of diphtheria toxin sensitivity with chromosome 5.

PMID- 1203465
TI  - Synteny of the human genes for Gal-1-PT, ACP1, MDH-1, and Gal+-Act and assignment
      to chromosome 2.

PMID- 1203467
TI  - The clone panel: a systematic approach to gene mapping using interspecific
      somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 1203468
TI  - An approximation for the prior probability of autosomal linkage.

PMID- 1203470
TI  - Gene mapping by exclusion.

PMID- 1203469
TI  - Mapping the Xga red blood cell antigen in human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids. The
      Xg locus is possibly located on the short arm of the X chromosome.

PMID- 1203471
TI  - Report of the Committee on the Genetic Constitution of Autosomes Other than
      Chromosomes 1 and 2.

PMID- 1203472
TI  - Regional localization of the human genes for malate dehydrogenase-1 and
      isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 on chromosome 2 by interspecific hybridization using
      human cells with the balanced reciprocal translocation t(1;2) (q32;q13).

PMID- 1203474
TI  - The location of four human satellite DNAs on human chromosomes.

PMID- 1203473
TI  - Assignments of the human genes for lactate dehydrogenase-A and thymidine kinase
      to specific chromosomal regions.

PMID- 1203475
TI  - Characterization and chromosomal localization of DNA in condensed and dispersed
      human chromatin.

PMID- 1203476
TI  - Regional mapping of human chromosomes 1 and 11.

PMID- 1203477
TI  - Assignment of three human gene loci to regions of chromosome 2.

PMID- 1203478
TI  - Localization of gene loci on chromosome 12 and the X in man.

PMID- 1203479
TI  - Assignment of the genes for human mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase to
      chromosome 7, for mannose phosphate isomerase and pyruvate kinase to chromosome
      15, and, probably, for human esterase-D to chromosome 13 using man-mouse hybrids.

PMID- 1203480
TI  - Localization of human satellite DNA I.

PMID- 1203481
TI  - Ouabain as a selective agent in the isolation of somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 1203482
TI  - Synteny relationships of four human genes: mannose phosphate isomerase to
      pyruvate kinase-3 and triose phosphate isomerase to lactate dehydrogenase-b.

PMID- 1203483
TI  - Further data on the assignment of the phosphoglucomutase (PGM2) gene locus to
      chromosome 4 in man.

PMID- 1203484
TI  - Tentative assignment of the peptidase-A (Pep-A) gene locus to the (q21 leads to
      qter) region of chromosome 18 in man.

PMID- 1203485
TI  - A computerized system for storage, retrieval, and analysis of gene mapping data.

PMID- 1203486
TI  - In situ hybridization for gene mapping.

PMID- 1203487
TI  - Alpha-galactosidase: a dimeric enzyme dependent on a structural locus on the X
      chromosome.

PMID- 1203488
TI  - Assignment of mannose phosphate isomerase to human chromosome 7: a retraction.

PMID- 1203489
TI  - Mapping chromosomes 1 and 2 employing a 1/2 translocation in somatic cell
      hybrids.

PMID- 1203490
TI  - Localization of genes coding for PGK, HPRT, and G6PD on the long arm of the X
      chromosome in somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 1203491
TI  - Report of the Committee on Unassigned Syntenic Groups and Theoretical
      Considerations.

PMID- 1203492
TI  - Segregation of esterase-D and adenine phosphoribosyl transferase in somatic cell
      hybrids: gene linkage or chromosome association?

PMID- 1203494
TI  - Two informative 1p translocation families.

PMID- 1203493
TI  - Mapping the human 5S RNA genes on chromosome 1 using translocations.

PMID- 1203495
TI  - Linkage relations of the loci for the MN blood group and red cell acid
      phosphatase.

PMID- 1203496
TI  - Linkage data on urinary pepsinogen and the Kell blood group.

PMID- 1203497
TI  - Evidence for synteny between the human loci for galactose-1-phosphate uridyl
      transferase and aconitase in man-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 1203498
TI  - Synteny relationship between the human loci for hexosaminidase-a, mannose
      phosphate isomerase, and pyruvate kinase-3 studied in man-Chinese hamster somatic
      cell hybrids.

PMID- 1203499
TI  - Gene markers for mapping the human genome. The 1974 listing.

PMID- 1203500
TI  - Electrophoretic pattern of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase produced in
      Chinese hamster cells following incorporation of human chromosomes.

PMID- 1203501
TI  - Report of the Committee on the Genetic Constitution of Chromosomes 1 and 2.

PMID- 1203503
TI  - Report of the Committee on Chromosome Markers.

PMID- 1203502
TI  - Cell cultures with chromosomal aberrations--July 1974--available from the Human
      Genetic Mutant Cell Repository.

PMID- 1203504
TI  - Report of the Committee on Terminology.

PMID- 1203505
TI  - On the feasibility of mapping low-multiplicity genes by in situ hybridization.

PMID- 1203506
TI  - The strategy of gene assignment using hybrids: the number of lines needed to
      exclude chance associations.

PMID- 1203507
TI  - Lymphocytotoxicity inhibition: a reliable method for HL-A typing of cultured cell
      lines.

PMID- 1203508
TI  - A study of genetic markers in families with a recombination in the HL-A region.

PMID- 1203509
TI  - Chromosomal variation in man: catalog of chromosomal variants and anomalies.

PMID- 1203510
TI  - Possible linkage between a gene causing reinclusion of molar I and blood group P.

PMID- 1203511
TI  - The human species antigen on chromosome 11.

PMID- 1203512
TI  - Polymorphic chromosomes and gene assignment in man.

PMID- 1203513
TI  - Assignment of human esterase-D gene to chromosome 13.

PMID- 1203515
TI  - A coiled capillary viscometer for blood.

PMID- 1203514
TI  - An approximate Casson fluid model for tube flow of blood.

PMID- 1203517
TI  - Letter: Blood flow.

PMID- 1203518
TI  - Poiseuille award lecture: present status of hemorheological theory.

PMID- 1203516
TI  - [Effect of movement induced by red blood cells on blood platelet transport].

PMID- 1203519
TI  - Microscopic techniques for the in situ characterization of concentration of
      tissue components and penetrating molecules.

PMID- 1203520
TI  - Some model experiments in hemodynamics-V: microrheological techniques.

PMID- 1203521
TI  - Rheo-optical studies of blood cells.

PMID- 1203522
TI  - Measurement of blood flow in vivo by Laser Doppler Anemometry through a
      microscope.

PMID- 1203524
TI  - Fast-reacting viscometer for low wall shear stress measurements.

PMID- 1203523
TI  - Measurement of velocity profiles of red blood cells in the microcirculation by
      laser doppler anemometry (LDA).

PMID- 1203525
TI  - Clotting in layers in the rheo-simulator.

PMID- 1203526
TI  - Internal viscosity of the red cell: problems associated with definition of plasma
      viscosity and effective volume of red cells in the blood viscosity equation.

PMID- 1203527
TI  - Microscopic observations of viscoelasticity of human blood in steady and
      oscillatory shear.

PMID- 1203528
TI  - The influence of rouleaux on the resistance to flow through capillary channels at
      various shear rates.

PMID- 1203529
TI  - Membrane proteins and membrane rheology.

PMID- 1203530
TI  - Quantitative characterization of thixotropy of whole human blood.

PMID- 1203531
TI  - The axial drift of fresh and acetaldehyde-hardened erythrocytes in 25 mum
      capillary slits of various lengths.

PMID- 1203532
TI  - Contribution of erythrocytes to turbulent blood flow.

PMID- 1203533
TI  - A new capillary viscometer for clinical use.

PMID- 1203534
TI  - The effect of heparin on the viscoelasticity of whole blood clots.

PMID- 1203535
TI  - The mechanics of stickiness evaluation in foods. A comparison of oral and
      instrumental methods of evaluation in selected foods.

PMID- 1203536
TI  - Microcinephotographic studies on red cell aggregation in steady and oscillatory
      shear--a note.

PMID- 1203537
TI  - Functional abnormalities of human neutrophils collected by continuous flow
      filtration leukopheresis.
AB  - Continuous flow filtration leukopheresis (FL) is a relatively simple,
      inexpensive, and efficient technique of harvesting blood neutrophils from normal
      donors for transfusion into neutropenic recipients. There has been concern,
      however, that neutrophils may be functionally altered druing this leukopheresis
      procedure. Human neutrophils obtained by various FL techniques were studied for
      in vitro chemotaxis by a 51Cr-radiolabel method and for in vitro killing and
      phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus. We compared their function with
      neutrophils obtained by the NCI-IBM cell separator and by dextran sedimentation
      from whole blood. FL neutrophils eluted from nylon filters after 3-hr collection
      periods were functionally abnormal by all parameters tested, while neutrophils
      obtained by cell separator after similar collection times were not significantly
      different from control cells. However, neutrophils from 3-hr FL collections were
      found to include both normal and abnormal populations of cells. Loosely adherent
      cells, eluted after tapping the filters, were functionally normal; more adherent
      cells, eluted after tapping the filters and representing the bulk of cells
      collected, were progressively more abnormal the less readily they were eluted.
      Shortened FL collection times (1-2 hr) were found to decrease the functional
      defects. Also, administration of dexamethasone to donors prior to filtration
      leukopheresis diminished the functional defects of FL neutrophils perhaps by
      altering adherence characteristics of the cells. These studies show that
      neutrophils obtained by filtration leukopheresis are functionally abnormal in
      relation to the time and extent of adherence to nylon filters.

PMID- 1203538
TI  - Abnormal erythrocyte metabolism in hepatic disease.
AB  - Erythrocyte (RBC) metabolic studies were done on 114 patients with severe hepatic
      disease. Heinz body formation after incubation of RBCs with acetyl
      phenylhydrazine was found to be significantly higher in patients than in
      controls. RBC-reduced glutathione levels were lower than those of controls both
      before and after incubation with acetyl phenylhydrazine, and patients with the
      highest Heinz body counts had the lowest reduced glutathione levels. RBC
      methylene blue-stimulated hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt metabolism and glucose
      recycling through the shunt were significantly lower in patients with active
      hepatic disease than in controls. There was no difference in resting HMP shunt
      activity or in resting recycling of glucose. Despite impairment of shunt
      metabolism, total glucose consumption was greater in patients than in controls.
      The patients with the lowest stimulated HMP shunt metabolism and glucose
      recycling had the highest Heinz body counts, lowest reduced glutathione, and
      highest total glucose consumption. A continuum of abnormal shunt metabolism was
      seen, from a mild reduction of stimulated HMP shunt activity to a severe combined
      decrease in both the HMP shunt and glucose recycling. When measured, glutathione
      reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and
      transketolase were normal or increased. Sequential studies were done on 11
      patients who had abnormal metabolic studies. Coincident with improvement of HMP
      shunt metabolism, the Heinz body counts became lower, reduced glutathione higher,
      hematocrit higher, and liver function improved. Impaired HMP shunt metabolism
      appears to be a common, acquired RBC abnormality in patients with severe, active
      liver disease.

PMID- 1203539
TI  - Contrasting splenic mechanisms in the blood clearance of red blood cells and
      colloidal particles.
AB  - We have studied the blood clearance and organ uptake of colloidal particles and
      of antibody-coated and chemically treated Na2 51Cr O4-labeled erythrocytes (RBC)
      in mice. Hepatic and splenic uptake of both colloidal particles and autologous
      RBC coated with rabbit antibody were reduced significantly following pretreatment
      of animals with cortisone acetate. Hepatic removal of RBC previously treated in
      vitro with N-ethyl-maleimide (NEM) or phenylhydrazine-HCl (PHZ) was similarly
      depressed by pretreatment with cortisone. In contrast, the splenic uptake of NEM-
      and PHZ-altered erythrocytes was unaffected by cortisone. Scanning and
      transmission electron microscopic examination of perfused spleens from PHZ
      injected animals demonstrated extensive mechanical trapping of Heinz body
      containing RBC in sinus wall apertures, whereas little erythrophagocytosis was
      observed. These studies suggested that, while clearance of inert particulate
      matter and of antibody-coated RBC from the blood occurred primarily by a
      cortisone-suppressible, presumably phagocytic process in the spleen, chemically
      altered RBC were removed primarily by a cortisone-insensitive filtration process
      in the splenic microvasculature.

PMID- 1203540
TI  - Letter: Folate binding capacity.

PMID- 1203541
TI  - Hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in sickle-cell disease.
AB  - Fifty-two patients with sickle-cell (SC) disease (48 with SC-beta-thalassaemia
      and 4 with homozygous SC-anaemia) were studied as regards blood coagulation and
      fibrinolysis. It was found that the thrombin and the reptilase times of the
      patients' plasma were significantly shorter than normal. The mean values of
      platelet count, fibrinogen level and factor VIII activity of patients with SC
      disease were higher than normal; however, in the group of patients transfused,
      with less than 50% haemoglobin S (HbS), the fibrinogen level and the factor VIII
      activity were significantly lower compared to the other patients. Antithrombin
      III (At-III) activity was normal in all. The fibrinolytic activity was normal in
      patients with asymptomatic SC disease, but reduced in patients on painful crises.
      Plasminogen and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels were normal in
      all patients. Two patients on painful crises with complications had additional
      abnormal findings, namely prolonged prothrombin time, reduced At-III level and
      elevated FDP.

PMID- 1203543
TI  - [Radio-anatomical study of the arteries of the foot].
AB  - 30 Cadaveric feet were injected with minium by 3 catheters, one in each foot
      artery. The A. tibialis posterior is the most voluminous. It branches off in A.
      plantaris lateralis, main artery of the sole of the foot and A. plantaris
      medialis, small artery terminating on the medial edge of the big toe (in fact, in
      most cases (60%), it divides into 3 branches). The third branch has a double
      destiny, it vascularizes the shell of the calcaneus and it anastomoses with the
      posterior fibular artery. The A. dorsalis pedis, in 80% of the cases rejoins the
      lateral plantar artery in the first space. Among the 5 classical branches, the
      lateral tarsal artery and the dorsal metatarsal artery are constant. The other
      branches are more uncommun. But some anastomoses are frequent: - with the
      posterior fibular artery, (20%); - with the anterior fibular artery (10%). The A.
      fibularis is divided over the talo-tibial joint. Only the posterior branch is
      always injected. It gives three anastomoses: - The supra-malleolar artery with
      the posterior tibial artery, of great value because it is able to inject all the
      foot arteries. - The two others are narrower, the supracalcanean artery with the
      posterior tibial artery, and the medial supratarsal artery with the lateral
      tarsal artery. It ends in the sole of the foot after having given the
      vascularisation of the external face of the calcaneus. It is possible to oppose:
      The parts with a good vascularisation: - sole of the foot, - internal face of the
      calcaneus, - external face of the big toe, - internal face of the last 4 toes;
      The parts with a poor vascularisation: - dorsal face of the foot, - external face
      of the calcaneus, - internal face of the big toe, - external face of the last 4
      toes.

PMID- 1203542
TI  - [Computer simulation of cell renewal systems].
AB  - This paper deals with a block diagram which describes the structure of the
      control of erythropoiesis by negative feedback loops. The model is transformed
      into an adequate simulation program using a special block-oriented programming
      language called ASIM (Analoge SIMulation). For both normal and diseased states of
      the blood forming process the dynamic responses of the erythrocytes and
      reticulocytes are simulated by a digital computer analysis. The computer
      simulation includes different forms of anemia caused by parameter variations as
      well as by structural alterations. Rising oscillations are obtained too in
      multiloop control systems containing complex paths with minor loops, which for
      example take into account the erythrocytic chalones. The described model shows
      that rising oscillations, that are unstable control loops, can be produced by
      changing the control-loop structure as well as by parameter changes. In case of
      malignant disorders such failures becoming effective in oscillations are
      discussed as parts of disturbed homoeostasis. The results of these studies
      obtained by simulation should especially stimulate scientists working  in the
      fields of biology and medicine to new test series to verify the proposed
      hypothesis.

PMID- 1203544
TI  - [Influence of modified histones on the differentiation in vitro of chick embryo
      pulmonary rudiments].
AB  - The presence of carbamylated lysine-rich histones in the medium determines some
      evident changes on the development in vitro of the lung buds of chick embryo in
      comparison with the controls cultived in a standard medium or in a medium
      containing unmodified lysine rich histones. The action of these modified histones
      mainly affects the peribronchial mesenchyme.

PMID- 1203545
TI  - [Multiplicity and dispersion of the parasympathetic ganglia of the head].
AB  - In addition to the four parasympathetic ganglia usually described in the head,
      many other microscopic parasympathetic ganglia have been observed in various
      regions of the cephalic territory. The cranial parasympathetic system is
      therefore diffuse as in the case of the sympathetic, although the neurones
      composing it are morphologically different.

PMID- 1203547
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of anomalies of the acrosome in spermatozoa with irregular
      heads].
AB  - The study of the ultrastructure of spermatozoa having an irregular head,
      encountered in large number in semen of men supposed to be sterile, shows that
      the acrosome is often modified in its shape or its texture. In several samples
      the spermatozoa have either no acrosome or a small one, at a certain distance
      from the nucleus. In other cases the ratio between the segments of the acrosome
      is modified and the parallelism between the edges is not conserved. These
      acrosomes are often covered with a cytoplasmic velum the post acrosomal cape is
      missing. Finally the acrosome can be deformed by local expansions of the
      subacrosomal space, or by large gaps. Other anomalies which are less common have
      been observed. The elimination of possible artefacts and the comparison between
      these human anomalies and similar acrosomal anomalies of mammalian semen, are
      discussed in this paper.

PMID- 1203549
TI  - [Junction zones of luteal cells in the luteotrophic phase in humans].
AB  - Three different types of junctions were revealed studying human corpus luteum
      during luteotrophic phasis : tight-junctions, gap-junctions and septate
      junctions. Tight-junctions were characterized by a discontinuous central leaflet
      formed by osmiophilous punctiform components separated by osmiophobic spaces.
      Lanthanum nitrate permeability of these junctions lead us to think that they may
      be leaky. They were only a very few gap-junctions, they were found to be as
      classically described, made up of seven leaflets. Septate junctions were about
      250 A long, some septa were arrayed in a discordely fashion and were separated by
      lanthanum nitrate permeable spaces. The location of these different junctions was
      determined with accuracy: tight and gap junctions were located on the lateral
      faces and around cellular interdigitations, septate junctions were shown to bind
      either the microvillosities of a same cell or the microvillosities of two
      bordering cells. The fonctionnal signification of these junctions is discussed.
      Les auteurs remercient vivement M. le Professeur SOUTOUL et M. le Docteur LANSAC
      du Service de Gynecologie-Obstetrique (C.H.U. Bretonneau) pour leur aimable
      collaboration.

PMID- 1203548
TI  - [Macroscopic substratum of acupuncture points].
AB  - The dissection of supra-aponeurotic macroscopic elements underlying 201
      acupuncture loci showed the following proportions: cerebrospinal nerve, 29%;
      vascular element (mostly venous), 34%; vascular and nervous pedicle, 37%. Thus
      there is no specific structure related to all the acupuncture loci, but a
      preferential distribution has been established according to the loci and their
      therapeutic indications.

PMID- 1203546
TI  - [Interstitial plasma cells of the submaxillary glands].
AB  - Interstitial plasma cells are constantly present in the submaxillary gland. Their
      number varies greatly with species. They are normal cells, lymphocytes are never
      associated with them. Immuno-fluorescent studies show the presence of IgA. So,
      these cells are presumably the site of formation of secretory immunoglobulins
      which have been shown to be present in saliva. However this does not prove that
      they have no other secretory activity.

PMID- 1203550
TI  - [Changes induced with cyclophosphamide in the lympho-reticular elements with
      specific enzymatic activities of the splenic white pulp in rats and guinea-pigs].
AB  - The effect of cyclophosphamide, one potent immunosupressor drug, was used to
      differenciate the behaviour of two types of Reticular cells, the phosphatasic
      acid and the 5'nucleotidasic cells. The first exhibit macrophagic and migratory
      properties, the second are devoid of these criteria but remain associated with
      the presence of T-lymphocytes. This suggests its possible role in the nutrition
      and the differential evolution of T-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1203551
TI  - [Spatial variability of some lateral cranial points in chimpanzees].
AB  - The differential variability of cranial regions of chimpanzees has been studied,
      in the three dimensional space defined by the vestibular method, by means of the
      volume of the ellipsoid surrounding the scatter diagram of each lateral point.
      Thus the importance of the variation of a given point as a function of its
      position can be measured and the specific and sexual differences of this
      variation can be determined.

PMID- 1203552
TI  - [Anatomical studies of Luschka's gland].
AB  - In that work, the authors determine precisely the classical outlines relating to
      the formation described by LUSCHKA in 1859. The morphology, the situation in
      relation with the medium sacral artery, the exact topography of what is wrongly
      called "gland of Luschka" are successively analysed. Otherwise, notions which
      emerge about is histological conformation are referred to.

PMID- 1203553
TI  - [Arteries of the opto-peduncular region of the sheep].
AB  - The main features of the arterial plane of the base of the brain of 15 sheep are
      studied. Details of the topography and the importance of the manifold twigs going
      to the optic-peduncular formations and grey central nuclei are given also. In
      spite of the presence of a peculiar arterial polygon, since it has direct supply
      from a rete mirabile and that it depends almost exclusively on the external
      carotid arteries, the general diagram of the different arterial pedicles appears
      comparable with what was formerly pointed out in the dog (LIBERSA an coll., 1974)
      and even in man. It seems to be a proof of the morphological independance of the
      cerebral arterial system beyond the arterial polygon. The reason of the existence
      and appearance of the arterial plane of the base of the brain (internal carotid,
      external carotid, vertebral arteries) keeps an essentially functional meaning.

PMID- 1203554
TI  - [Origin of the hepatic artery in the embryo and fetus].
AB  - Study of the hepatic artery in 52 human foetuses and 4 embryos. The authors
      compare their findings to those published on adults. They underline the higher
      frequency of the hepatic artery arising out of the left gastric artery (67%) in
      foetuses and embryos, either associated to the common hepatic artery only (55,4%)
      or to both the common hepatic artery and the right hepatic artery (12,5%).
      Graphic reconstruction of foetal hepatic arteries shows two important lines of
      force one coming from the coeliac trunk - the future common hepatic artery, the
      other arising from the left gastric artery - the future left hepatic artery. At
      the 19th stage according to Streeter, the definitive disposition is attained.

PMID- 1203555
TI  - [Effect of pregnenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile on the activity of the rat thyroid
      gland and anterior pituitary].
AB  - PCN, in daily doses of 20 mg/100 g per body weight exerted a marked stimulative
      effect on the rat thyroid. It was also found that the uptake of radioiodine in
      animals receiving PCN, was increased. Chromatographic investigations have shown
      that in PCN treated animals the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones was accelerated.
      There is evidence of histophysiological activation of the TSH cells of the
      adenohypophysis. It was concluded that there was no inhibition of the synthesis
      of thyroid hormones and that activation of the pituitary-thyroid axis under the
      influence of PCN, resulted from alteration of the peripheral metabolism of
      thyroxin.

PMID- 1203556
TI  - [Formation of the skeleton. VIII. Growth of a long bone: periostealization of the
      metaphysial bone].
AB  - The growth of the diaphysis of a long bone is manifested in three distinct
      constituent parts: the bone periosteal collar and, at both ends, the two
      metaphyses. These grow on the epiphyseal plate side and at the other end, they
      are integrated into the periosteal bone collar. This integration involves changes
      in the periosteal bone as well as in the fibro-cellular-layer which surrounds it.
      All these modifications have been described as constitutuing "the
      periostealisation of metaphyseal bone".

PMID- 1203557
TI  - [Formation of the skeleton. IX. Growth of a long bone: dynamics of diaphysial
      growth].
AB  - The diaphysis of a growing long bone is composed of three distinct parts: the
      bone periosteal collar and the two metaphyses. Each of these parts affects a
      separate radiographic, microradiographic and histologic appearance. By these
      means, it is possible to follow the growth and the increase of these parts and
      thus the relations which exist between them: all together they constitute the
      "dynamics of diaphyseal growth".

PMID- 1203558
TI  - [Induced degeneration and lysosome activity in the cells of the tail bud in the
      early chick embryo].
AB  - In chick embryos, cells of the tail bud are induced to degenerate by
      autophagocytosis when treated by puromycine or sodium fluoride. Although these
      degenerative processes exhibit some differences, according to the nature of the
      inhibitor used, their initial steps, which consist in a modification of the Golgi
      zone, are identical. These facts are discussed in relation to the problem of
      morphogenetic cell degeneration.

PMID- 1203560
TI  - [Nature and evolutive aptitudes of cells of the mitotic compartment of the
      secondary cartilages of the mandible and maxilla of the young rat. Experience
      with cytotypic culture and homotransplantation].
AB  - 1. Two cell types are found in the mitotic compartment of a secondary cartilage
      of the mandible (condylar, angular and coronoid cartilages) and of the maxillary
      (cartilage of the sagital suture): - the "skeletoblast", which bears a
      spontaneous tendancy to differentiate into an osteoblast, but which
      differentiates in vivo into a chondroblast; - the prechondroblast, originating
      from the skeletoblast and differentiating only into a chondroblast. 2. After
      homotransplantation of the condylar cartilage the skeletoblast no longer
      differentiates into a prechondroblast. The preexisting prechondroblast continues
      to mature into chondroblasts until exhaustion of the supply. The chondroblastic
      zone is soon replaced by "endochondral" bone. Mitosis of prechondroblasts soon
      stop in the presence of chondroblasts, probably by a chalone-like mitotic
      inhibitor. But, if the disappearing of the cartilage is more rapid than the
      transformation of prechondroblasts into chondroblasts, the prechondroblasts then
      resume mitosis for some time. The skeletoblast differentiates into an osteoblast
      when prechondroblasts have transformed into chondroblasts; only then, does it lay
      down periosteal-like bone.

PMID- 1203559
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the prolactin cells of the pituitary gland of female rats
      after stimulation with norethisterone enanthate].
AB  - Prolactine cells of rat anterior pituitary gland were studied with the electron
      microscope in thin sections and freeze-etch replicas after treatment with
      norethisterone-oenanthate. A pathological secretory process is caused in this
      cell type in rats, when treated with this compound. Prolactine cells grow in
      number and volume of single cells. This is especially due to an enormous
      proliferation of the Golgi apparatus. In the same time, however, exocytosis of
      hormonal secretory granules is apparently reduced. Therefore, serum hormone level
      remains nearly normal.

PMID- 1203562
TI  - The toxicity of endosulfan in rabbits.

PMID- 1203561
TI  - [Microglia and pericytes of the human cerebral cortex].
AB  - Biopsies of normal human cerebral cortex were fixed by aldehydes and their
      ultrastructure was studied. Two main types of vessels are observed, capillaries
      and metarterioles, and around them two types of pericytes are described: a
      microgliocyte-like pericyte which is either surrounded by a nervous basal
      membrane, or laying outside this membrane; endothelial-like pericytes which are
      frequently observed inside the metarterioles perivascular space and contain many
      lysosomes. Endothelial-like pericytes have probably a metabolic function and
      microgliocyte-like pericytes are more involved in a role of mechanic regulation
      of the microcirculation. This hypothesis is supported by the observation of a
      microgliocyte interposed between two endothelial processes and protuding into the
      vascular lumen.

PMID- 1203563
TI  - Accumulation of thallium in clams and mussels.

PMID- 1203564
TI  - Acute toxicity of a native mummichog population (Fundulus heteroclitus) to
      mercury.

PMID- 1203565
TI  - Hatching rate as bioassay. Proposal for a standard technique.

PMID- 1203566
TI  - Determination of 14C-DDT radioactivity in sea water and marine suspended matter
      by liquid scintillation.

PMID- 1203567
TI  - Dose-dependent extent microsomal enzyme induction by aldrin and dieldrin in rats.

PMID- 1203568
TI  - Lead in human hair: relation to age, sex and environmental factors.

PMID- 1203569
TI  - Photochemically induced artifact in the analysis of soil for residues of
      organochlorine pesticides.
AB  - After solvent extraction of soil and clean-up of the extract there is a
      possibility of reactions being induced photochemically in the solvent phase. In
      one recent instance such reactions, proceeding relatively quickly during 6-8
      days, produced unknown compound(s) whose retention time in a column of 10% DC-200
      on 80/100 mesh Gas Chrom Q coincided with that of pp'-DDT. Such interference
      could be eliminated by later treatment of the extract with concentrated sulphuric
      acid.

PMID- 1203570
TI  - Lead intoxication in printing houses.

PMID- 1203572
TI  - Nitrogen enrichments for certain moderately halophilic bacteria indigenous in a
      saline lagoon.

PMID- 1203571
TI  - Dislodgable insecticide residues on cotton.

PMID- 1203573
TI  - The effects of mirex and methoxychlor on the growth and productivity of Chlorella
      pyrenoidosa.

PMID- 1203574
TI  - Aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic fauna.

PMID- 1203575
TI  - Beta oxidation of chlorophenoxybutyric acid herbicides in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1203576
TI  - The chronic toxicity of methiocarb to grackles, doves, and quail and reproductive
      effect in quail.
AB  - Methiocarb (4-methylthio-3, 5-xylyl N-methyl carbamate, Mesurol, Bay (3744), a
      bird repellent, was fed in concentrations of 100 to 1,000 ppm to common grackles
      (Quiscalus quiscula), mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), and breeding pairs of
      coturnix quail (Coturnix coturnix) to investigate the possibility of cumulative
      intoxication. Although aversion to treated diets was readily apparent in most of
      the tests, the 28- to 30-day median lethal concentration (LC50) was determined to
      be greater than 100 ppm for grackles, 630 ppm (95% confidence limits, 480-830
      ppm) for doves, and greater than 1,000 ppm for coturnix quail. Methiocarb
      appeared to be noncumulative when measured by an index of chronicity: birds
      consumed several LD50 doses during a day's feeding, and when deaths occurred,
      they appeared to be due to acute intoxication. Egg production and live chick
      production were not affected in coturnix fed 100 ppm but were reduced at 316 and
      1,000 ppm.

PMID- 1203577
TI  - Acute toxicity of pesticide mixtures to bluegills.

PMID- 1203578
TI  - Mercuric chloride uptake by eggs of the ricefish and resulting teratogenic
      effects.
AB  - Eggs collected from adult Japanese Medaka were incubated for 16 days in solutions
      containing 10, 15, 20, and 30 ppb mercury as mercuric chloride. The mean
      hatchability of control eggs was 46.7 percent. Experimental eggs incubated in 10
      ppb and 15 ppb mercury had hatching percentages of 58.3 and 20.8 respectively
      (Chi Square = 12.8, Pless than.0005). None of the 20 ppb or 30 ppb experimental
      eggs hatched. Nemorrhaging, blood vessel deterioration and loss of blood cells
      were observed in 79 percent of the 15 ppb experimental eggs and all the 20 and 30
      ppb experimental eggs. Neither the control nor the 10 ppb experimental eggs
      demonstrated any of these abnormalities. The LC100 for 384 hours was between 20
      ppb and 30 ppb. The 10, 15, 20 and 30 ppb experimental eggs concentrated mercury
      directly from the incubating solution 1,600, 1,900, 2,700, and 1,900 times,
      respectively. The total concentration of mercury in these eggs after 16
      consecutive days was 16,000, 29,000, 54,000, and 56,000 respectively.

PMID- 1203579
TI  - Air sample studies for measurement of pesticide contamination from storage areas.

PMID- 1203580
TI  - Movement of mirex from sediment and uptake by the hogchoker, Trinectes maculatus.
AB  - Mirex contaminated sediments of the static test retained virtually all of the
      insecticide over a 4 week period. About 40% of the initial concentration was lost
      from the sediment under constant flow conditions. Mirex in water was directly
      related to levels of mirex in sediment. Mirex in water reached an equilibrium
      during the first week and declined over the following 3 weeks. Uptake of mirex by
      tissues showed a dose dependent relationship. Accumulation of the insecticide
      increased over time and did not appear to reach an equilbrium. Residues in the
      muscle of fish increased significantly with time (pless than.01) and test
      concentration (pless than.01). Mirex in the liver of fish increased significantly
      with time (pless than.05) of the flow-through test. Declinging levels of mirex in
      water indicated mirex was absorbed from the water by the fish. Considerably more
      mirex, however, was gained by the fish than was lost from the water. Thus the
      fish probably absorbed a significant amount of mirex from the sediments.

PMID- 1203581
TI  - The behaviour of mercury in the system water--fish.

PMID- 1203583
TI  - Relative phytotoxicity of some picloram derivatives.

PMID- 1203582
TI  - Hepatic aminopyrine N-demethylase, acetanilide hydroxylase and lipid peroxidation
      in young growing rats during the treatment of insecticides.

PMID- 1203584
TI  - A lichen (Parmelia conspersa) surviving with elevated concentrations of lead and
      copper in the center of Sendai City.

PMID- 1203585
TI  - Aldrin and dieldrin uptake in insecticide-resistant and susceptible mosquitofish
      (Gambusia affinis).

PMID- 1203586
TI  - Catalytic dechlorination of organochlorine compounds. I. DDT.

PMID- 1203587
TI  - Determination of paraquat residues in food crops by gas chromatography.
AB  - A method is described for determining paraquat residues in lettuce, carrots and
      onions. The procedure is based on the extraction of the sample with 5N H2SO4 and
      catalytic hydrogenation of the acid extract. This is followed by column cleanup
      on alumina and subsequent determination by gas chromatography. Recoveries of
      paraquat added to lettuce, carrots and onion at 0.5, 0.1, and 0.05 ppm were
      between 75 to 86%, with maximum standard error of 4%. The lower limit of this
      method is in the 0.05 ppm range.

PMID- 1203588
TI  - Retention of a single oral dose of cadmium in tissues of the softshell turtle,
      Trionyx spinifer.

PMID- 1203589
TI  - Mirex and marine unicellular algae: accumulation, population growth and oxygen
      evolution.

PMID- 1203590
TI  - The effect of atmospheric levels of pesticides on pesticide residues in rabbit
      adipose tissue and blood sera.

PMID- 1203592
TI  - Thermal radiation on working stations of constructions shipyards.

PMID- 1203591
TI  - Radio-medical consultations in the years 1970-1972.

PMID- 1203593
TI  - Investigations on the extent of exposure of workers operating pneumatic tools, to
      the effect of vibration.

PMID- 1203594
TI  - Effect of the type of filtered water on the silver on emission in the silver
      impregnated ceramic candles designed for a continuous disinfection on ships.

PMID- 1203595
TI  - Clinical and experimental studies on the pathogenesis of toxic effects of
      styrene. II. The effect of styrene on the respiratory system.

PMID- 1203596
TI  - Serum enzymes activity of mesitylene vapour treated rats.

PMID- 1203597
TI  - Peripheral blood of mesitylene vapour treated rats.

PMID- 1203598
TI  - A case of zinc fever in the course of a brain tumor.

PMID- 1203599
TI  - The sense of taste in some occupational exposures.

PMID- 1203600
TI  - Effect of the environmental conditions on eggs and water living stages of Aedes
      aegypti (Linn.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse), vectors of dengue haemorrhagic
      fever in Viet-Nam.

PMID- 1203601
TI  - The behaviour of a population of mosquitoes Culex pipiens complex L. (Diptera:
      Culicidae) in human settlements in the conditions of the Baltic coastal area near
      Gdansk.

PMID- 1203602
TI  - Detection of vaccinia virus in blood of the experimentally infected rabbits.

PMID- 1203603
TI  - The level of some smallpox antibodies in selected population groups of several
      regions of Poland--in the years 1970-1973.

PMID- 1203604
TI  - Progress of the global smallpox eradication programme in 1974.

PMID- 1203605
TI  - Radiation sterilization of medical products.

PMID- 1203606
TI  - Prescreening closure formulations for specific applications.

PMID- 1203607
TI  - Field experiences in testing membrane filter integrity by the forward Flow Test
      method.

PMID- 1203608
TI  - Form 6 preparation for foreign antibiotic plants.

PMID- 1203609
TI  - Parenteral manufacturing in hospitals.

PMID- 1203610
TI  - Development of quality-awareness program for production operators.

PMID- 1203611
TI  - Editorial: Control concepts in prosthetics.

PMID- 1203612
TI  - New head control for quadriplegic patients.

PMID- 1203613
TI  - The lift lock: a device to increase the lifting ability of dual-control
      prostheses.
AB  - Preliminary results obtained from limited use by one amputee along with previous
      laboratory trials on other amputees indicate that the lift-lock principle can
      improve the operation of above-elbow prostheses which are body powered. A wider
      evaluation will be necessary to determine its full worth.

PMID- 1203614
TI  - A voluntarily controlled electrohydraulic above-knee prosthesis.
AB  - Most above-knee amputees to date are using prostheses employing either constant
      friction or some type of programed hydraulic damping which the wearer has no
      control over and which limits his gait speeds. A new system was designed and
      tested in which voluntary control of a lower-limb prosthesis is derived from the
      EMG signals of residual thigh muscles in the stump. These signals, after suitable
      conditioning, open or close solenoid valves, which form a closed hydraulic loop
      around the damping cylinder in the knee joint. Thus, the amputee is able to
      voluntarily vary the resistance to knee flexion, from free swing to full lock, by
      operating valves controlling the resistance to flow around a hydraulic cylinder.
      The main advantages of this system are a variable and more aesthetic gait,
      stability over uneven terrain, and because the lock prevents only knee flexion,
      the amputee can rise on his prosthesis and so use a passive appendage as an
      active element of his skeleton. The results of this project demonstrate that the
      concept of an EMG voluntarily controlled hydraulic prosthesis is viable; however,
      continuing effort is required to make this system lighter, more compact, and
      cosmetically acceptable.

PMID- 1203615
TI  - Computer optimization of polycentric prosthetic knee mechanisms.

PMID- 1203616
TI  - Transferring load to flesh. Part VIII. Stasis and stress.
AB  - Those who suffer peripheral vascular disease (PVD) frequently require lower-limb
      amputation. To prevent further difficulties with circuation, the socket and
      support system of the resulting artificial leg should be arranged so as to
      prevent impairment of blood flow. The mechanical stress factors tending to impede
      flow and cause stasis are investigated. An assessment is made of the relative
      importance of the two types of stress, normal and shear, in reducing the flow
      within a simulated vessel surrounded by a model flesh.

PMID- 1203617
TI  - A five-year review of clinical experience with John Hoplins University externally
      powered upper-limb prostheses and orthoses.

PMID- 1203618
TI  - Physical response of SACH feet under laboratory testing.
AB  - The results of testing nine different commercially available SACH feet have been
      reported for purposes of improving testing techniques and standards of
      durability. Further studies are required to adequately define and correlate the
      function(s) of artificial feet, as related to levels of amputation and levels of
      activity, to provide the ultimate in the amputees' comfort and gait.

PMID- 1203619
TI  - Electrode implantation in the human body.

PMID- 1203620
TI  - Effect of amodiaquine on gastric histamine methyltransferase and on histamine
      stimulated gastric secretion.
AB  - 1 Amodiaquine was found to be a potent inhibitor in vitro of gastric histamine
      methyltransferase from human and canine corpus and from pig antrum. The ID50 for
      the enzyme, purified from pig antrum mucosa by ultracentrifugation and
      chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, was 2.5 muM. 2 In six dogs with Heidenhanin
      pouches the maximum secretory response to histamine (40 mug/kg i.m.) was
      augmented by i.m. injection of amodiaquine. The augmentation depended on the dose
      of amodiaquine, the optimum effect (40% increase in volume of gastric juice, 80%
      in acid output) being achieved with 2 mg/kg. The maximum secretory response to
      betazole was also enhanced by amodiaquine. 3 It was suggested that amodiaquine
      may enhance the histamine and betazole stimulated gastric secretion by an
      inhibition of gastric histamine methyltransferase in vivo.

PMID- 1203621
TI  - Atypical tryptamine receptors in sheep pulmonary vein.
AB  - Both the pulmonary artery and vein of the sheep contracted dose-dependently to
      histamine, carbamoylcholine, prostaglandin F2a, noradrenaline and bradykinin and
      relaxed in the presence of isoprenaline or prostaglandin E1. 2 The effect of 5
      hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the artery was consistently to produce dose-dependent
      contractions without tachyphylaxis. The effect on the vein was biphasic. 5HT 5 X
      10(-10) to 5 X 10(-8) M relaxed the partially constricted vein. 5-HT 10(-7) to
      10(-6) m caused brief venoconstriction followed by relaxation. 5-HT greater than
      10(-6) M caused dose-related contraction of the vein. 3 Methysergide effectively
      blocked the contractile response of the artery to 5-HT, but only weakly inhibited
      the contractions of the vein (dose-ratio less than 20). 4 Each of ten antagonists
      tested failed to inhibit the 5-HT-induced relaxation of the vein. Sheep pulmonary
      vein possesses tryptamine receptors which mediate relaxation and which are not of
      the classicl M- or D-type. These receptors appear not to be involved directly or
      indirectly with responses to acetylcholine, catecholamines, histamine or
      prostaglandins.

PMID- 1203622
TI  - Behavioural changes induced in conscious mice by intracerebroventricular
      injection of catecholamines, acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine.
AB  - 1 A simple method of injecting soluble substances into the lateral ventricle of
      the brain of the conscious mouse is described. 2 The effect of various doses of
      noradrenaline, dopamine, acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine given into the right
      lateral brain ventricle were tested on locomotor and exploratory activities of
      mice. 3 Noradrenaline in a dose of 0.1 mug increased locomotor activity. This
      effect was prevented by phenoxybensamine but not by propranolol. 4 Higher doses
      of noradrenaline (1 or 10 mug) decreased locomotor and exploratory activities.
      Propranolol but not phenoxybenzamine abolished these effects. 5 Dopamine (0.1 or
      1 mug) increased locomotor activity. The higher doses also induced tremor. 6 The
      highese dose of dopamine tested (10 mug) elicited stereotypical behaviour. 7 All
      the behavioural phenomena induced by 0.1 mug and 10 mug of dopamine were blocked
      by pimozide. 8 Acetylcholine (1 and 10 mug) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (1 mug)
      inhibited locomotor and exploratory activity. 9 The effects of 1 and 10 mug of
      acetylcholine were abolished by atropine (5 mg/kg i.p. Methysergide (5 mg/kg
      i.p.) had no influence on the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (1 mug).

PMID- 1203624
TI  - Effects of fasting, stress and drugs on gastric glycoprotein synthesis in the
      rat.
AB  - 1 The relationship between gastric mucosal damage and synthesis of gastric
      glycoproteins, as measured by the rate of incorporation of N-acetyl
      [3H]glucosamine, was investigated in rats after fasting and restraint stress and
      a single administration of aspirin (200 mg/kg, orally), phenylbutazone (200
      mg/kg, orally), prednisolone (200 mg/kg, orally), or adrenaline (2 mg/kg, i.p.).
      In one experiment, the effects of aspirin and phenylbutazone on carbohydrate
      content of the glycoproteins were also determined. 2 Restraint stress,
      phenylbutazone and aspirin resulted in acute gastric mucosal erosions in some of
      the rats. Adrenaline produced severe sub-mucosal haemorrhage, but no erosions or
      ulceration, while prednisolone and fasting gave no gross pathology. 3 The rate of
      incorporation of N-acetyl-[3H]glucosamine into glycoproteins was decreased after
      all treatments except adrenaline. In the groups receiving restraint stress,
      aspirin or phenylbutazone, the decreases were more marked in rats which developed
      erosions than in those with no gastric pathology. 4 Aspirin and phenylbutazone
      also produced changes in the carbohydrate content of the glycoproteins, the
      effects again being greater in the rats which developed erosions. 5 The results
      are discussed in the context of a possible association between erosion formation
      and glycoprotein synthesis and it is proposed that inhibition of mucus
      glycoprotein biosynthesis may be one mode of action of stress and drugs in
      causing gastric mucosal damage.

PMID- 1203623
TI  - Calcium and pancreatic secretion-dynamics of subcellur calcium pools in resting
      and stimulated acinar cells.
AB  - 1 Pulse-chase experiments were carried out on pancreatic tissue lobules incubated
      in vitro, with 45Ca as the tracer, in order to shed some light on the functional
      significance of the calcium pools associated with the various cell organelles of
      the acinar cell, especially in relation to stimulus-secretion coupling. 2 The
      kinetics of tracer uptake and release which were observed in the intact lobules
      suggest the existence of a number of intracellular pools, whose rate of exchange
      is slower than that across teh plasmalemma. 3 The various subcellular fractions
      accumulate the tracer in different amounts: some (rough microsomes and
      postmicrosomal supernatant) showed little radioactivity and some (smooth
      microsomes and zymogen granule membranes) were heavily labelled; mitochondria and
      zymogen granules showed intermediate values. 4 The fractions are heterogeneous
      also in relation to the time course of uptake and release of the tracer: in rough
      and smooth microsomes and, especially, in the postmicrosomal supernatant both
      rates were fast; zymogen granules and zymogen granule membranes showed slow rates
      of uptake and little release during chase; intermediate rates were found in
      mitochondria. 5 In agreement with previous findings we observed that in 45Ca
      preloaded lobules, stimulation of secretion (brought about by the secretagogue
      polypeptide caerulein) results in an increase of the tracer release which seems
      to be due primarily to the rise of the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+
      and to the consequent increase of the transmembrane Ca2+ efflux. Among the cell
      fractions isolated from stimulated lobules only the mitochondria exhibited a
      significantly lower 45Ca level relative to the unstimulated controls. 6 It is
      concluded that, of the organelle-bound calcium pools, that associated with the
      mitochondria might be involved in the regulation of the calcium-dependent
      functions, including stimulus-secretion coupling; the calcium associated with the
      zymogen granule content probably has a role in the architecture of the organelle
      and in the functionality of the pancreatic juice, while the calcium bound to the
      membrane of the granules might be concerned with the regulation of its
      permeability properties.

PMID- 1203625
TI  - Actions of prostaglandin E2 on myocardial mechanics, coronary vascular resistance
      and oxygen consumption in the guinea-pig isolated heat preparation.
AB  - 1 In isolated, electrically driven (3 Hz) hearts of guinea-pigs the action of
      prostaglandin E2 on left  ventricular pressure (LVP), oxygen consumption (Qo2)
      and coronary vascular resistance (CVR) was studied by establishing cumulative
      concentration-response curves. The hearts were perfused at a constant flow (10
      ml/min) with Tyrode solution (Ca++ 1.8 mM) at 32 degrees C. 2 Under control
      conditions prostaglandin E2 (2.86 X10(-11) -1.43 X 10(-7) M) decreased LVP, QO2
      and CVR in a concentration-dependent manner by maximally 27, 18 and 38%,
      respectively (P less than 0.05). 3 After reserpine pretreatment there were lower
      initial values for all parameters measured. The effect of prostaglandin E2 on LVP
      and QO2 was abolished, but CVR was further diminished, depending on the
      concentration. 4 The results seem to support the hypothesis of an interaction of
      prostaglandin E2 with endogenous catecholamines as far as the effects on LVP and
      QO2 are concerned. In contrast, prostaglandin E2 seems to have a direct action on
      CVR, which is independent of the presence of catecholamines.

PMID- 1203626
TI  - Voluntary lithium intake, antidotal thirst' and concurrent behavior of rats.
AB  - 1 Voluntary intake of various pair combinations of fluids (100 mM, 10 mM LiC1, 10
      mM NaC1, water) and body weight was measured daily in rats. 2 More lithium was
      consumed when water was available. 3 When offered a lithium-sodium choice the
      rats did not consume significantly more saline than water on the previous trial.
      While saline consumption increased over the two days, lithium decreased slightly.
      4 Following the lithium-only trial, water and saline were provided. Marked
      polydipsia was observed on the first day and the rats drank more water than
      saline. On the second day there was a significant drop in saline intake while
      water consumption returned to baseline levels. 5 Behavioural measurements overall
      confirmed the depressant effect of lithium: decreased ambulation and rearing and
      increased time spent immobile/grooming. 6 These findings are discussed with
      reference to lithium toxicity, which may be a comfounding variable in studies
      concerned with the effects of this salt on the behavior of laboratory rodents.
      Behavioural irritability such as aggression reported in situations using long
      term lithium treatment may be reduced by provision for voluntary saline
      consumption.

PMID- 1203627
TI  - Effects of monoamine oxidase inhibition by clorgyline, deprenil or
      tranylcypromine on 5-hydroxytryptamine concentrations in rat brain and
      hyperactivity following subsequent tryptophan administration.
AB  - 1 The effect of various doses of tranylcypromine on the degree of inhibition of
      rat brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) using 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine and
      phenylethylamine as substrates has been examined 120 min after injection of the
      inhibitor. The concentration of brain 5-HT was also examined both after
      tranylcypromine alone and also when L-tryptophan (100 mg/kg) had been given 30
      min after the tranylcypromine. 2 All doses of tranylcypromine greater than 2.5
      mg/kg totally inhibited MAO oxidation of 5-HT, phenylethylamine and dopamine as
      measured in vitro and produced a similar rise of brain 5-HT in vivo. When
      tryptophan was also given, there was a further rise of brain 5-HT, which was
      comparable after all doses of tranylcypromine above 2.5 mg/kg and the
      characteristic syndrome of hyperactivity made is appearance. 3 Clorgyline (a
      "Type A" MAO inhibitor), in doses up to 10 mg/kg, did not totally inhibit MAO
      activity towards phenylethylamine although it did inhibit 5-HT oxidation by 100%.
      Deprenil (a "Type B" MAO inhibitor) at doses up to 10 mg/kg did not fully inhibit
      5-HT oxidation although phenylethylamine oxidation was inhibited almost
      completely. Administration of either compound alone did not produce as great an
      accumulation of brain 5-HT as that seen after tranylcypromine (2.5 mg/kg) and
      subsequent administration of tryptophan did not cause hyperactivity or the rise
      of brain 5-HT seen after tranylcypromine (2.5 mg/kg) plus tryptophan. 4
      Administration of clorgyline plus deprenil (2.5 mg/kg of each) almost totally
      inhibited oxidation of both 5-HT and phenylethylamine; subsequent tryptophan
      administration resulted in a rise of brain 5-HT nearly as great as that seen
      following tranylcypromine (2.5 mg/kg) plus tryptophan and the animals became
      hyperactive. 5 No evidence was found pointing to the formation of any other 5
      substituted indole in the brain following tranylcypromine plus L-tryptophan
      administration as suggested by others. 6 It is concluded that while 5-HT may
      normally be metabolized in the brain by "Tye A" MAO in vivo, when this form is
      inhibited, 5-HT can still be metabolized by "Type B" enzyme. It is only when both
      forms are almost totally inhibited that the largest rise of brain 5-HT is seen
      and subsequent tryptophan administration produces the hyperactivity syndrome.

PMID- 1203628
TI  - Response of rat lung to humoral mediators of anaphylaxis and its modification by
      drugs and sensitization.
AB  - 1 The effects of humoral mediators of anaphylaxis on the bronchial function of
      the pithed rat have been assessed and compared with their effects in the guinea
      pig and man. 2 5-Hydroxtryptamine, acetylcholine and bradykinin were
      bronchoconstrictor. Slow reacting substance in anaphylaxis and prostaglandin F2a
      caused only slight constriction at high doses and histamine was not active. 3
      Bradykinin was less active in the rat than in the guinea-pig and its effects were
      not antagonized by anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs. 4 beta-Adrenoceptor
      blockade potentiated the activity of bradykinin but not that of 5
      hydroxytryptamine or acetylcholine. 5 Dexamethasone reduced the activity of
      bradykinin but not that of 5-hydroxytryptamine or acetylcholine. 6 Sensitization
      with Nippostrogylus brasiliensis did not increase the sensitivity of the rat lung
      to the effects of mediators.

PMID- 1203629
TI  - Tolerance to morphine-induced calcium depletion in regional brain areas:
      characterization with reserpine and protein synthesis inhibitors.
AB  - 1 Administration of a single dose of morphine sulphate (25 mg/kg) induces
      tolerance to calcium depletion lasting seven days. 2 There are no apparent
      changes in calcium content in any of eight discrete brain regions throughout this
      seven day period. 3 Pretreatment with reserpine (5 mg/kg) did not alter the
      ability of morphine to induce tolerance. Reserpine alone produced no tolerance to
      its own calcium depleting action. 4 Cycloheximide (500 mug/kg) but not
      chloramphenicol (200 mg/kg) effectively prevented development of tolerance. 5 It
      is concluded that the induction of tolerance to calcium depletion seen after
      morphine may involve changes in various proteins in membranes of synaptic origin.

PMID- 1203630
TI  - Adenosine and dipyridamole actions and interactions on isolated coronary artery
      strips of cattle.
AB  - 1 The actions and interactions of adenosine and dipyridamole were investigated on
      isolated strips of coronary arteries of beef cattle. It was found that small
      diameter arteries (about 0.5-1.0 mm o9d.), raised to a moderate level of tone
      with potassium, responded with relaxation to low concentrations of adenosine. 2
      Dipyridamole, over a broad concentration range (6.0 X 10(-8)-2.0 X 10(-5)M),
      enhanced these responses, shifting the adenosine concentration-response curve
      (3.7 X 10(-8)-1.1 X 10(-4)M) considerably to the left. In contrast, inhibitory
      concentrations-response curves to sodium nitrite and to noradrenaline were not
      materially altered by dipyridamole. 3 Studies of the uptake of [3H]-adenosine
      revealed a rapid uptake of the nucleoside by coronary artery strips, which was
      inhibited by dipyridamole (6.0X 10(-8)-2.0X10(-5)M); but this may not be
      sufficient to account fully for the observed sensitization. 4 It is concluded
      that the regulation of adenosine responses and the action of dipyridamole in the
      heart involve a more direct association with coronary vascular tissue than has
      been previously appreciated.

PMID- 1203631
TI  - The assessment of social breakdown in newly-admitted psychiatric patients.
AB  - This paper presents a study of patients' social and domestic functioning
      preceding admission to a psychiatric hospital. A method is described for the
      quantitative assessment of 'social breakdown' in the areas of work, domestic
      performance and social group activity, based on reports from the patient and from
      another household member. Complementary changes in the domestic tasks carried out
      by other family members are also investigated. The sample consisted of 28 women
      and 17 men. Their usual level of functioning and their degree of breakdown are
      related to psychiatric diagnosis on admission, to the patient's position within
      the family and to the social class of the household. Discrepancies between
      reports are also investigated in relation to these variables.

PMID- 1203632
TI  - Parental characteristics in relation to diagnosis and neurological status in
      childhood psychosis.
AB  - Twenty-six psychotic children were examined by means of psychological tests and
      EEGs. The parents of these patients were also tested with the EPI and the Grid
      Test of Thought Disorder. The mothers of children with the symptom of autism
      tended to have some cognitive disorganization, which was less common in the
      mothers of children without the symptom. The extraversion and neuroticism scores
      of all parents were not markedly different from population statistics. The
      incidence of EEG abnormality in the children was high and not related to
      diagnosis or other criteria. These findings are interpreted as providing
      suggestive evidence for a two-factor theory of childhood psychosis. It is
      postulated that a neurological disorder is a necessary condition for the
      development of such a disorder; and that a second process related to parental
      characteristics is also involved, which has the effect of determining the
      particular symptomatic manifestations seen in the psychotic child.

PMID- 1203633
TI  - A survey of female patients in Carstairs State Hospital.
AB  - The characteristics of the female population in Carstairs State Hospital are
      described. The patients were predominantly young, single and physically fit, with
      a history of significantly more previous psychiatric admissions than their male
      counterparts. Thwy showed a greater degree of violence towards both themselves
      and others before their admission to Carstairs; and their length of stay was much
      shorter. One third of the patients have an IQ of less than 70.

PMID- 1203634
TI  - A fifteen-year review of female admissions to Carstairs State Hospital.
AB  - A survey was made of all female admissions to the State Hospital, Carstairs,
      between the time of the first female admission in 1959, and 31 December 1973.
      There were 66 female admissions, constituting 7-1 per cent of the total
      admissions over the same period. The females fall into two separate sub-groups.
      The first consists of persistently violent patients transferred from other
      hospitals, suffering from mental subnormality or personality disorder; they have
      a poorer prognosis than the second group, who are sent from Courts or prison
      because of single serious acts of violence often directed at a member of the
      family, and who suffer from a personality disorder or from schizophrenia. Some
      features of the two groups are compared and contrasted. There may be an increase
      in the proportion of pateints in the first group being admitted to the State
      Hospital, and some implications of this trend are discussed.

PMID- 1203635
TI  - Am empirical classification of psychopathic personality.
AB  - Personality profiles of 79 non-psychotic male offenders admitted to a security
      hospital were subjected to a cluster analysis. Four profile types were generated,
      classifying four-fifths of the sample, and differences were found between the
      types in previous antisocial behaviour. Two of the types were identifiable as
      primary and secondary psychopaths, while the remaining two showed little
      resemblance to the concept of the psychopathic personality. The primary
      psychopaths were extraverted but not neurotic, while the secondary psychopaths
      were neurotic, but not extraverted. Both were highly impulsive but distinguished
      by a dimension of sociability-withdrawal.

PMID- 1203636
TI  - Assessment if intent--an approach to the preparation of court reports.
AB  - In a minority of persons interviewed for the purposes of a court report it will
      be found impossible to determine retrospectively their intention at the material
      time with any exactness. This in itself is an indication of an abnormal mental
      state when the alleged crime was committed, irrespective of how the accused may
      appear when interviewed later. As well as issues arising under the McNaughton
      Rules or Diminished Responsibility to which intention is relevant, many offences
      require a specific intention to be proved so that the reporting psychiatrist
      should enquire into the accused's intention when preparing a court report.

PMID- 1203637
TI  - The social setting of hysteria.
AB  - Previous reviews of hysteria have emphasized the most severe and disabling forms
      and ignored evidence from a wide variety of sources. It is argued that hysteria
      is more prevalent in medial settings than is usually recognized, that the same
      psychological mechanisms are of wide occurrence, often being accepted as normal
      for the culture. Discussion of the social factors affecting prevalence suggests
      that there is a universal potential for the hysterical reaction, with individual
      variation in susceptibility in appropriate circumstances.

PMID- 1203638
TI  - Mood and whole blood adenosine triphosphate.
AB  - The claim of Hansen (1969) and Hansen and Dimitrakoudi (1974) that whole blood
      adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels correlate with depressed affect was examined.
      The findings from 84 patients failed to confirm any relationship between mood and
      whole blood ATP. One patient showing the highest correlation (r = 0-85; p less
      than 0-001) between the ATP levels and mood in the original report was re
      examined; no relationship was now found (r = -0-25; p greater than 0-1).

PMID- 1203639
TI  - X-linkage and manic-depressive illness.
AB  - Thirty years ago it was suggested that the apparently higher incidence of manic
      depressive illness in women might be due to X-linked heredity. The hypothesis was
      undermined by subsequent reports of the frequent occurrence of father to son
      transmission. Winokur and his associates recently revived it, providing data
      which indicated that such transmission is absent or rare in the bipolar form of
      the illness. Additional support has come from linkage studies with known genetic
      markers located on the X chromosome. The present study, based on the 400 parents
      of 100 male and 100 female bipolar manic-depressive probands, failed to discover
      a lack of father-son compared to other affected parent-child pairs. This finding,
      together with a review of the literature, would indicate that it is premature to
      invoke X-linked heredity as a general explanation for bipolar manic-depressive
      illness, though there is mounting evidence that it may account for the illness in
      some family pedigrees.

PMID- 1203640
TI  - A brief psychogeriatric assessment schedule. Validation against psychiatric
      diagnosis and discharge from hospital.
AB  - This paper represents part of an investigation designed to establish the validity
      of the Clifton Assessment Scale (a brief psychogeriatric assessment procedure)
      and the Stockton Geriatric Rating Schedule. One hundred consecutive admissions
      over the age of 60 were assessed soon after admission to the acute wards of a
      psychiatric hospital. The results indicated a close relationship between the
      scores and psychiatric diagnosis. Outcome was differentiated in terms of
      discharge home or of transfer to psychogeriatric and to other non-psychogeriatric
      wards, and significant differences were obtained between groups. The assessment
      procedure had predicitive validity comparable with other reported procedures,
      with the advantages of brevity and test acceptability for an elderly population.

PMID- 1203641
TI  - Methods of assessment of drug administration in a psychiatric hospital.
AB  - Previous studies have shown varying rates of discrepancy in drug administration
      in psychiatric hospitals, and the present survey attempted to elucidate this
      problem further, using two methods of investigation simultaneously. Two wards in
      a psychiatric hospital and one ward in a mental subnormality hospital were
      studied. Urine specimens were tested for psychotropic drugs, and ward drug rounds
      were observed to detect discrepancies in administration. Of the 266 instances of
      drug administraion tested for in urine specimens, prescribed drugs were not
      detected in 7-9 per cent of cases and non-prescribed drugs were found in another
      29 instances. Observation was made of 3,689 instances of drug administration, and
      in 1-7 per cent of these the drug was not given or taken as prescribed, whereas
      no instances of ingestion of non-prescribed drugs were observed. The reasons for
      the discrepancies and the different results obtained by the two methods are
      discussed.

PMID- 1203642
TI  - Academic psychiatrists.
AB  - The training experiences of 35 academic psychiatrists first appointed in the
      years 1966-72, obtained by a postal questionnaire, are reported and compared with
      those of N.H.S. consultant psychiatrists appointed in the same period. The
      academic group reported less satisfactory training in a number of important
      areas, including psychogeriatrics and work in the community. Academics also
      differ from consultants in their fathers' socio-economic status and educational
      background.

PMID- 1203643
TI  - The semantics of locative information in pictures and mental images.
AB  - Three experiments examined how people compare sentences about spatial location to
      pictures and images. Previous investigations have found that people are faster at
      judging relative location when the description contains the word above or right
      than when it contains the word below or left. Expt I showed that this asymmetry
      persisted when the words were replaced by arrows, indicating that the effect is
      not specific to particular lexical items. Expt. II showed the asymmetry persisted
      even when the response latency did not iclude the time to encode the description,
      indicating that the asymmetry does not lie in the description-encoding stage.
      Finally, Expt. III investigated how people compare sentences to information from
      a previously memorized picture. In this situation, the usual asymmetry was not
      present. The three studies suggest that the asymmetry arises from the way
      descriptions influence the encoding of perceptual events. The results also show
      that the information encoded in a mental representation of a picture is ordered
      such that certain features can be access-d more quickly than others. However, the
      same features are equally quickly accessed in a picture that is physically
      present.

PMID- 1203644
TI  - Spatial memory by blind and sighted children.
AB  - Non-verbal recall of haptically presented spatial positions by three age groups
      of blind and sighted children was tested under conditions varying cueing, recall
      type and stimulus position in a within-subject design. Slighted status was not
      only significant, but interacted significantly with recall type, and further with
      stimulus position, consistent with sequential haptic by blind and quasi
      simultaneous visual processing by sighted children. Age was significant, but its
      only significant interaction was a relatively small one with cueing conditions
      and stimulus position, suggesting that the oldest group, regardless of
      sightedness, used verbal strategies in pre-cued conditions. The findings support
      the hypothesis that visual and haptic modalities of representation have
      demonstrably different effects on processing and efficiency in spatial recall,
      but counterindicate the hypothesis that these relate differentially to age.
      Results also suggest that a combination of cue utilization and verbal strategies
      is a significant, but relatively minor, factor in improvements in spatial recall.

PMID- 1203646
TI  - The effects of chronological age on the relationship of intelligence and academic
      achievement with extraversion and neuroticism.
AB  - This study examines the possibility that the relationships of intelligence and
      academic achievement with both extraversion and neuroticism may vary with
      chronological age. A sample of 741 students in the 15-19 age group worked through
      a battery of four tests, two of which were tests of intelligence and two tests of
      achievement in chemistry. The nature of the relationships between performance on
      these tests and measures of extraversion, neuroticism and chronological age were
      then expressed as multiple regression equations. The results whoed a consistently
      different pattern of significant relationships for both extraversion and
      neuroticism with the achievement tests on the one hand and with the intelligence
      tests on the other. Only the performance on the two achievement tests depended
      upon an interaction between extraversion and chronological age. There were no
      such interactions involving neuroticism and chronological age.

PMID- 1203647
TI  - Personality and differential susceptibility to hypnosis: further replication and
      sex differences.
AB  - Following the study of Gibson & Curran (1974), a further sample of 45 subjects
      were tested on the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and a slightly modified
      form of the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale (SHSS) in precisely the same
      way. The results in this second sample were broadly the same as those obtained in
      the earlier study. Combining the two samples, it was found that the sex variable
      provided some interesting contrasts. The power of the lie scale of the EPI to
      predict hypnotic susceptibility observed earlier was found to be a significant
      effect only for males. While there was no significant difference between the
      sexes in terms of the means and S.D.S. of the extraversion (E) and neuroticism
      (N) scales, when the interaction of these scales was studied males and females
      differed significantly. The population from the two studies (n = 88) was analysed
      by means of polar coordinates in the manner suggested by Eysenck (1966) with
      regard to the E nad N scales. Esyenck's prediction as to hypnotic susceptibility
      was strikingly confirmed. These data are briefly discussed in terms of
      alternative approaches to hypnosis from the 'state' and the 'non-state'
      viewpoints.

PMID- 1203645
TI  - Spatial perception in the blind.
AB  - It is often that the spatial senses (vision, hearing and the tactual senses)
      operate as distinct and independent modalities and, moreover, that vision is
      crucial to the development of spatial abilities. However, well controlled studies
      of blind persons with adequate experience show that they can function usefully in
      space. In other words, vision is not a necessary condition for spatial awareness.
      On the other hand, thought the blind may be equal or even superior to the sighted
      when performing spatial tasks within the body space, they may be deficient,
      either developmentally or absolutely, in tasks which involve events at a distance
      from the body, principally in auditory localization. One possible explanation of
      the differences between blind and sighted (McKinney, 1964; Attneave & Benson,
      1969, Warren, 1970) is that vision is the primary spatial reference, and inputs
      from other modalities are fitted to a visual map. Several criticisms of this
      theory are adduced and an alternative theory derived from Sherrington (1947), in
      which all sensory inputs map on to efferent patterns, is sketched.

PMID- 1203648
TI  - Surgical complications of implanting pacemakers.
AB  - An analysis of the complications of implanting pacemakers at St George's Hospital
      between 1967 and 1973 highlights the difficulties of implanting foreign bodies.
      During this 7 years 1543 pacemakers were implanted in 779 adults. In 91 patients
      there were 118 implants with surgical complications, most of them due to a
      pressure necrosis or local infection; 3 septicaemias occurred. The various
      complications are classified and related to technique of implantation. Methods of
      management of the complications are presented. As an Appendix the operative
      techniques of first and subsequent implantations are outlined.

PMID- 1203649
TI  - The efficiency of surgical masks of varying design and composition.
AB  - Five different types of surgical mask of varying design and composition of
      natural and synthetic fibres were tested for their efficiency in vivo by means of
      a special test chamber. Contaminated particles escaping through or around the
      mask during speech by the wearer could be collected and sized. Analysis of the
      data showed that the gross efficiency of all the masks was high, but that some
      masks were distinctly better at small particle 'filtration' than others. There
      was a significant difference in efficiency between the best and worst masks. The
      best masks contained more fabric, were softer and were pleated, while the worst
      were stiffer, smaller and not pleated. Reusable cotton fabric masks were as
      effective as synthetic fabric masks when made to a good design.

PMID- 1203650
TI  - The effect of metal clips on the tensile properties of healing skin wounds.
AB  - The effects of nylon sutures and metal skin clips on the tensile properties of
      healing skin wounds have been studied in the pig. Wounds closed with clips have
      significantly poorer mechanical properties at 5, 7 and 14 days after wounding
      than similar wounds in the same animal closed with interrupted nylon sutures.
      This difference increased progressively with the period of retention of the
      clips. It is also shown that in equivalent groups of 14-day wounds, those in
      which clips were retained after the seventh day had a lower tensile strength,
      poorer ability to absorb energy and a lower elastic modulus than similar wounds
      where clips had been removed early. No such adverse effect was noted with nylon
      sutures.

PMID- 1203651
TI  - Gangrene of the tongue following self-application of a rubber band.
AB  - A case of dry gangrene of the tongue due to self-application of an elastic rubber
      band in a mentally retarded child is described. As far as is known, no such case
      of gangrene of the tongue has been described in the English literature.

PMID- 1203652
TI  - The survival rate of men with carcinoma of the breast.
AB  - The Cancer Register for the South-West Region of England has been used to examine
      the survival rate of men with carcinoma of the breast, and a comparison has been
      made with carcinoma of the breast in women. For all men with carcinoma of the
      breast the prognosis is worse than for all women, but comparing the prognosis by
      clinical stage, the difference between men and women is small. However, the
      survival rate in men under 65 years of age is appreciably better than for men
      over 65, and for older men the survival rate is considerably less than for women
      over 65.

PMID- 1203653
TI  - Operative cholangiography: a reappraisal based on a review of 400 cholangiograms.
AB  - In the period 1957-72, 426 patients were operated upon for calculous disease of
      the biliary tract. For various reasons pre-exploratory operative cholangiography
      was not performed in 26 patients, but in the remaining 400 patients this
      examination was the major determinant as to whether or not the common duct
      contained calculi, and hence required exploration. Analysis of this series of 400
      patients shows that without operative cholangiography (a) ductal stones would
      have been overlooked in 16 of the 78 patients with stones in the common duct (4
      per cent of the whole series; 20-5 per cent of those with stones in the common
      bile duct); (b) exploration of the common duct would have been required in a
      further 48 (15 per cent) of the 322 patients without stones in the common duct,
      giving a positive yield from operative cholangiography in 64 patients (16 per
      cent) in the whole series. Negative exploration of the common duct was performed
      in only 31 patients, that is 29 per cent of the patients whose duct was explored
      but only 7-8 per cent of the whole group. The criteria by which an operative
      cholangiogram should be assessed were re-evaluated in the light of the findings
      in these 400 patients. In general the criteria of normality previously described
      were affirmed, and the following points established: a. In the absence of a
      filling defect the diameter of the duct is the most important indication of the
      presence of a stone. b. There is a statistically significant increase in the
      diameter of the common duct with age, and though not great this could, if
      neglected, give rise to error in the interpretation of the cholangiogram in
      younger patients. c. Even within the overall normal range of duct diameter (less
      than 12 mm) the wider the duct, the greater is the chance of it harbouring a
      stone. d. Impaired flow of contrast material into the duodenum is significantly
      related to duct diameter. e. Impaired flow of contrast material into the duodenum
      and failure to delineate the terminal segment of the duct tend to occur together;
      they may occur in a duct free of stones and if they are the only abnormality the
      examination should be repeated after the inhalation of amyl nitrite. This study
      confirms that operative cholangiography is the most accurate method at present
      available of determining whether or not the common duct contains a stone (or
      stones), and hence requires exploration.

PMID- 1203655
TI  - Clinical features of the degenerate meniscus with the results of meniscectomy.
AB  - A series of 172 patients with an unambiguous diagnosis of horizontal cleavage
      lesion is reviewed, the average duration of which was 4 1/2 years. Although all
      the patients complained of pain, night pain and mechanical instability were not
      invariable. Joint line tenderness was the commonest physical sign. Whereas all
      but 7 per cent were either 'cured' or 'improved', nearly half the patients had
      persistent complaints, usually pain. The objective physical findings at review
      frequently failed to correspond with patients' opinions of their knees. Recovery
      after meniscectomy may be slow.

PMID- 1203654
TI  - Carcinoma of the duodenum: its preoperative diagnosis.
AB  - Carcinoma of the duodenum, although uncommon, can be diagnosed by direct
      visualization, photography of the tumour and biopsy by the fibre-duodenoscope.
      The duodenoscopic examination may not only distinguish carcinoma of the duodenum
      from pancreatic carcinoma, ampullary carcinoma and secondary tumour from an
      adjacent organ but will also enable a correct diagnosis to be made early in the
      course of the disease. It is therefore suggested that duodenoscopy and biopsy
      will increase the resectability and 5-year survival rate.

PMID- 1203656
TI  - Pressure measurements beneath below-knee amputation stump bandages: elastic
      bandaging, the Puddifoot dressing and a pneumatic bandaging technique compared.
AB  - Elastic wrap bandaging is unreliable and dangerous in terms of pressure and
      pressure distribution (tourniquet effect). The Puddifoot dressing is safe and is
      less likely to produce a tourniquet effect. The range of pressures it produces is
      low--possibly too low to achieve ideal moulding or oedema control. A pneumatic
      bandage achieved a relatively narrow range of pressures between capillary and
      arteriolar blood pressures. It minimized tourniquet effects and differences
      between skilled and unskilled bandagers. It is sufficiently promising to merit
      development.

PMID- 1203657
TI  - Editorial: Feeding sick babies.

PMID- 1203658
TI  - Editorial: Diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1203659
TI  - Editorial: "Mumbling the GP".

PMID- 1203660
TI  - Editorial: High pressure medicine.

PMID- 1203661
TI  - Editorial: Tests on overseas doctors.

PMID- 1203662
TI  - Editorial: The ten day rule.

PMID- 1203663
TI  - Editorial: Industrial action by doctors.

PMID- 1203664
TI  - Operative mortality and postoperative morbidity of highly selective vagotomy.
AB  - In a world-wide survey of the results of 5539 highly selective vagotomies (HSVs)
      performed electively for duodenal ulcer the operative mortality was found to be 0
      3%. This was lower than that found in collected series after either vagotomy with
      drainage (0-8%) or gastric resection with or without vagotomy (over 1%). Necrosis
      of the lesser curvature occurred in 10 patients (0-2%) after HSV and caused death
      in 5(0-1%). Such necrosis is probably ischaemic in origin. Hence
      reperitonealisation of the raw area on the lesser curvature and prompt laparotomy
      if the patient develops signs of peritonitis might lower the mortality still
      further. Three deaths were due to pulmonary embolism, one to mesenteric vascular
      occlusion, and four to myocardial infarction; such deaths might be reduced by the
      prophylactic use of low-dose heparin. Persisting gastric stasis requiring
      drainage occurred in only 0-1% of the patients in the early postoperative period
      and in 0-6% of the patients later. Hence drainage procedures, which produce side
      effects such as early dumping, bilious vomiting, and diiarrhoea, could be
      abandoned if the mean incidence of recurrent ulceration after HSV remains close
      to its present level. HSV is probably the safest operation for duodenal ulcer
      because the alimentary tract is not opened and there is no anastomosis, suture
      line, or stoma.

PMID- 1203665
TI  - Local infusion of urokinase and heparin into renal arteries in impending renal
      cortical necrosis.
AB  - Two patients with presumed impending cortical necrosis, after haemolytic uraemic
      syndrome in one and after concealed accidental haemorrhage in the other, were
      treated by local infusion of urokinase and heparin into the renal artery. Both
      recovered and one regained normal renal function. Local infusion of
      anticoagulants or thrombolytic drugs into one renal artery offers the possibility
      of a controlled examination of the efficacy of this treatment in preventing
      cortical necrosis.

PMID- 1203666
TI  - Plastic isolators for treatment of acute leukaemia patients under "germ-free"
      conditions.
AB  - A gnotobiotic isolation system based on those developed in veterinary research
      has been constructed for hospital use. Fifteen patients with leukaemia and
      neutropenia spent a total of 110 weeks in plastic isolators, and none acquired
      any infection. Endogenous flora was effectively suppressed by topical antiseptics
      and gastrointestinal decontamination effected with nonabsorbable antibiotics. The
      isolator system was acceptable to patients and staff and much cheaper than the
      use of sterile rooms. Other advantages of the system are portability, easy
      storage, and use on ordinary open wards without prejudice to the microbiological
      protection afforded. It is as yet uncertain whether protective environments of
      this type will substantially improve the outcome of treatment for the acute
      leukaemias.

PMID- 1203668
TI  - Primary spontaneous pneumothorax and smoking.

PMID- 1203667
TI  - Value of Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of clinically suspected deep vein
      thrombosis.
AB  - Doppler ultrasound was used to study 120 legs of 106 patients with suspected deep
      vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism. Venography was subsequently
      performed in all. DVT was confirmed by venography in 44 legs and was confined to
      the calf in 10 of these. Ultrasound detected three calf thromboses and 29 out of
      34 more extensive thromboses. Of five undetected thrombi that were proximal to
      the calf one was associated with partial occlusion and four with extensive
      collateral circulation. Of the 76 limbs without venographic evidence of
      thrombosis 21 were thought to have DVT by ultrasound; 18 of these false-positive
      results could be attributed to external compression of veins, two to excessive
      tenderness precluding adequate examination; and in one no explanation was found.
      This test gives more accurate results than judging by clinical signs alone, but
      users must be aware of its limitations and, particularly, the causes of false
      positive and false-negative results.

PMID- 1203669
TI  - High density polyethylene plate for fracture fixation in the elderly.

PMID- 1203671
TI  - Letter from...South Australia. Inflation down under.

PMID- 1203670
TI  - Management of uraemic pericarditis.
AB  - Of 250 patients undergoing haemodialysis from 1967 to 1974 17 presented with
      uraemic pericarditis. Seven of these patients who had been transferred early
      enough to peritoneal dialysis treatment were cured without pericardiectomy (mean
      survival 18 months (range 6-36); no deaths). Only one patient was cured from his
      pericarditis by "aggressive haemodialysis." In seven out of 10 patients treated
      with haemodialysis, pericardiectomy finally had to be performed because of
      pericardial tamponade (postoperative survival 20 months (range 8-36); one death).
      Two patients died from pericardial tamponade before surgery. In patients with
      evidence of uraemic pericarditis frequent peritoneal dialysis with high fluid
      withdrawal is the treatment of choice, but in cardiac tamponade pericardiectomy
      should follow a preoperative pericardiocentesis with limited fluid aspiration. Of
      possible significance in the aetiology of pericarditis were the findings that 10
      of the 17 patients had hypertension with cardiac enlargement and that 14
      presented with evidence of underdialysis, possibly due to the reuse of dialysis
      components.

PMID- 1203672
TI  - Geriatric patients in an acute medical ward.
AB  - During a nine-month study 160 out of 482 bed-weeks in an acute medical ward were
      accounted for by 11 patients who no longer needed to be there. This was
      unsatisfactory both for the 11 patients concerned and for those patients
      requiring admission for whom the beds were blocked.

PMID- 1203673
TI  - Ambulatory electrocardiographic records in patients with transient cerebral
      attacks or palpitation.
AB  - Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) records were made over 24 hours in 130
      ambulant outpatients complaining of syncope, dizzy turns, or palpitation. In all
      these patients resting ECGs had failed to show significant dysrhythmias. Exercise
      testing was performed on 64 patients and also failed to reveal any dysrhythmias.
      Analysis of the tape recordings, however, showed appreciable dysrhythmias in 74%
      of the group. In most cases the dysrhythmias were complex mixtures of rapid
      supraventricular and ventricular rhythms. bouts of ventricular tachycardia were
      seen in seven patients, all of whom were women. Episodic complete heart block was
      seen in only two patients, but prolonged ventricular gaps (greater than 1-5 s),
      not associated with ectopic beats, were found in 26. No episodes of ventricular
      fibrillation were recorded. We conclude that many patients with vague symptoms
      suggestive of transient cerebral ischaemia or irregular heart action have
      significant and often dangerous dysrhythmias which can be diagnosed only by long
      term recording of the ECG under fully ambulant conditions.

PMID- 1203674
TI  - Diseases of the central nervous system. Involuntary movements.

PMID- 1203675
TI  - Letter: Mortality of pathologists and medical laboratory technicians.

PMID- 1203676
TI  - Letter: Treatment of meningitis and encephalitis.

PMID- 1203677
TI  - Letter: SI units.

PMID- 1203678
TI  - Letter: Long-term postinfarction treatment with practolol.

PMID- 1203679
TI  - Letter: Rheumatic heart disease in South Africa.

PMID- 1203680
TI  - Letter: Merrison Report and overseas doctors.

PMID- 1203681
TI  - Letter: Antibiotic diarrhoea.

PMID- 1203682
TI  - Letter: Clonidine overdose.

PMID- 1203683
TI  - Letter: Health Service administration.

PMID- 1203684
TI  - Letter: Miliary tuberculosis presenting with polymyalgia rheumatica.

PMID- 1203685
TI  - Letter: Renal stones and coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1203686
TI  - Letter: Profession or trade?

PMID- 1203687
TI  - Letter: Consultants and the government.

PMID- 1203688
TI  - Letter: Junior hospital staff contract.

PMID- 1203689
TI  - Letter: Dare they resign?

PMID- 1203690
TI  - Systemic corticosteroids in treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis.

PMID- 1203691
TI  - Editorial: BCG vaccination.

PMID- 1203692
TI  - Editorial: Teething myths.

PMID- 1203693
TI  - Editorial: Search for presymptomatic large bowel cancer.

PMID- 1203694
TI  - Editorial: Cardiac contusion.

PMID- 1203695
TI  - Editorial: Smoking in the elderly.

PMID- 1203696
TI  - Editorial: Management of acute cholecystitis.

PMID- 1203697
TI  - Editorial: Cancer risks from hormone treatment.

PMID- 1203698
TI  - Primary ventricular fibrillation and resumption of work, sexual activity, and
      driving after first acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - The resumption of work, sexual activity, and driving were studied in 32 patients
      who had suffered primary ventricular fibrillation after their first myocardial
      infarction. They were compared with 95 patients whose myocardial infarction was
      not so complicated. Though initially slowing rehabilitation, primary ventricular
      fibrillation did not affect ultimately either the return to work or the
      resumption of normal sexual activity and driving.

PMID- 1203699
TI  - Lactic acidosis complicating treatment of ketosis of labour.
AB  - Hypertonic glucose, fructose, and sorbitol solutions were given intravenously to
      women in the first stage of labour who had ketonuria and ketonaemia as evidenced
      by a raised blood acetoacetate and 3-hydrosybutyrate. There was no difference in
      the antiketogenic action of these, which was rapid and effective, but when
      compared with a control group who were given normal saline they had a high
      incidence of hyperlactataemia, and nine out of 28 patients developed lactic
      acidosis after the infusions. The "lactatogenic" effect was shared by all three
      substrates, and when they are used in the treatment of ketosis of labour, and the
      mother develops lactic acidosis, they might exacerbate pre-existing lactic
      acidosis and precipitate fetal distress.

PMID- 1203700
TI  - Current "corrected" calcium concept challenged.
AB  - There is wide individual variation in the number of millimoles of calcium bound
      per gram of albumin in the serum. Individual regression coefficients for serum
      calcium concentration on serum albumin concentration have been determined in 62
      people (25 of our own patients and 37 reported by others). The 95 percentile
      range was 0-007-0-053 mmol/g, with a median value of 0-025 mmol/g. Accordingly,
      it is not valid to "correct" a person's measured serum total calcium
      concentration for variations in serum albumin concentration using an average
      regression coefficient. Rather, the individual's own regression coefficient must
      be used. A tourniquet test seems to be the simplest technique for determining
      this value. Even then, precise interpretation of an individual's corrected serum
      calcium concentration is possible only when an appropriate reference range for
      corrected serum calcium concentration has been established. Such an appropriate
      reference range must be determined from an adequate number of normal people using
      the individual's own correction factor in each case.

PMID- 1203701
TI  - Effect on adrenal function of topically applied clobetasol propionate
      (Dermovate).
AB  - Thirty-nine patients (15 outpatients and 24 inpatients) with a variety of skin
      diseases affecting variable areas of the body surface were treated with
      clobetasol propionate ointment (Dermovate). Before and after treatment the
      adrenal response to an intramuscular injection of tetracosactrin was rested and
      additional 9 am plasma cortisol levels were measured at intervals during
      treatment. A satisfactory initial therapeutic response was achieved in almost all
      cases during the trial period. When more than 50 g of ointment a week was used a
      significant number of patients developed adrenal suppression. WHen less than 50 g
      per week was used any suppression tended to be transtion. These cysts may be the
      cause of this condition, producing abnormal amounts of ovarian steroids which
      modify the pituitary response. Futher studies are needed, however, to determine
      this possibility.

PMID- 1203702
TI  - The monocystic ovary syndrome.
AB  - Three patients with oligomenorrhoea and hirsutism thought to have the polycystic
      ovary syndrome were found to have only one ovarian cyst. Endocrine findings were
      similar to those found in the polycystic syndrome, but apart from the single cyst
      the ovaries were histologically normal; a biopsy specimen of a cyst showed normal
      follicular appearances and no evidence of luteinisation. These cysts may be the
      cause of this condition, producing abnormal amounts of ovarian steroids which
      modify the pituitary response. Further studies are needed, however, to determine
      this possibility.

PMID- 1203703
TI  - Paradoxical rise in blood pressure during propranolol treatment.

PMID- 1203704
TI  - Monitoring muscle weakness in neonatal myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1203705
TI  - Unusual complication of high-dose frusemide.

PMID- 1203706
TI  - Relapsing Coombs-negative haemolytic anaemia in pregnancy with haemolytic disease
      in the newborn.

PMID- 1203707
TI  - Plasma zinc in acute starvation.

PMID- 1203708
TI  - Axillary artery occlusion and pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 1203709
TI  - Letter: Metal sensitivity in patients with joint prostheses.

PMID- 1203710
TI  - Letter: Metal sensitivity in patients with joint prosthesis.

PMID- 1203711
TI  - Letter: Use of clonazepam in epilepsy.

PMID- 1203712
TI  - Letter: Nutrition rehabilitation units.

PMID- 1203713
TI  - Letter: Dietary fibre hypothesis.

PMID- 1203714
TI  - Letter: Irrigation of the vas for immediate sterility after vasectomy.

PMID- 1203715
TI  - Letter: Nutrition rehabilitation.

PMID- 1203716
TI  - Letter: Deaths in asthma.

PMID- 1203717
TI  - Letter: Ischaemic necrosis of lesser curve of stomach.

PMID- 1203718
TI  - Editorial: Hazards of tabes dorsalis.

PMID- 1203719
TI  - Editorial: Joint lubrication.

PMID- 1203720
TI  - Edinburgh emergency asthma admission service.
AB  - In December 1968 an emergency service was set up in Edinburgh to enable patients
      with severe asthma to be admitted to hospital without delay. Up to 31 August
      1975, 82 such patients had been admitted on 162 occasions, on 116 without the
      intervention of a general practitioner. The service is extended to patients
      particularly at risk of developing fatal asthma, and since it began no patient
      has died from asthma outside hospital. One patient, however, died from tension
      pneumothorax that developed after admission. We believe that similar services
      should be available throughout Britain.

PMID- 1203721
TI  - Renal masses and ultrasound.
AB  - Among the first 111 patients with renal masses examined by ultrasound most renal
      cysts (98%) and carcinomas (86%) were correctly detected. Diagnostic accuracy was
      high when ultrasound predicted a renal cyst (97%), but renal carcinoma accounted
      for only 60% of the complex echo masses found. Ultrasound was used as the
      primary, non-invasive test for the selection of outpatients with simple renal
      cysts for diagnostic puncture and for the selection of those with complex renal
      masses for more elaborate and expensive inpatient investigation. Ultrasound is
      not infallible but a safe diagnostic pathway may be drawn up in which ultrasound
      errors are not allowed to lead to diagnostic disasters. This approach reduced the
      use of arteriography for renal masses by two-thirds. With care the diagnosis of
      the common chance finding of a renal mass can be made simpler, safer, and
      cheaper.

PMID- 1203722
TI  - Joint destruction and chondrocalcinosis in patients with generalised
      osteoarthrosis.

PMID- 1203723
TI  - Thermographic diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1203724
TI  - Cardiac output in Paget's disease: response to long-term salmon calcitonin
      therapy.

PMID- 1203725
TI  - Modern obstetrics and the general practitioner.

PMID- 1203726
TI  - Abdominal surgical emergencies in the puerperium.
AB  - Since surgical emergencies in the puerperium are rare, surgeons and obstetricians
      amass little experience of them. There may be considerable delay in making a
      diagnosis, firstly, because the abdominal symptoms are thought to be related to
      the pregnancy, and, secondly, because the signs are rarely convincing in contrast
      to the symptoms. Any of the common surgical emergencies may occur in pregnancy
      and the puerperium and there are some others that appear to be a particullar
      problem of the puerperium.

PMID- 1203727
TI  - Bromocriptine treatment of female infertility: report of 13 pregnancies.
AB  - Thirteen pregnancies occurred in 12 women who were treated with bromocriptine for
      infertility. Pretreatment prolactin levels were recorded in 11 patients and were
      normal in three. Five patients had suspected pituitary tumours, and they received
      irradiation to prevent swelling of the pituitary and the consequent visual field
      defects caused by the pressure of the swollen gland on the optic nerve. Ten of
      the 13 pregnancies have come to term, and all the babies were normal. When a
      patient with a pituitary tumour developed a visual field defect in the 38th week
      of pregnancy labour was induced and the defect disappeared after delivery. No
      multiple pregnancies occurred and there were no major complications.

PMID- 1203729
TI  - Letter: Geriatric patients in acute medical wards.

PMID- 1203728
TI  - Bites by puff-adder (Bitis arietans) in Nigeria, and value of antivenom.
AB  - Ten patients bitten by the puff-adder (Bitis arietans) were studied in the North
      of Nigeria. Six showed severe local signs, and four also had evidence of systemic
      envenoming, including spontaneous bleeding with thrombocytopenia, hypotension,
      and bradycardia. Two patients died after developing circulatory collapse and
      renal failure. Antivenom and intravenous fluid restored blood pressure in two
      hypotensive patients, and antivenom probably prevented the development of local
      necrosis in four others with massive local swelling. Victims of B arietans who
      have swelling of more than half the bitten limb or show signs of systemic
      envenoming should be given at least 80 ml of specific polyvalent antivenom and
      watched carefully for signs of circulatory collapse. Debridement of necrotic
      tissue may be necessary.

PMID- 1203730
TI  - Letter: "Normal" solutions.

PMID- 1203731
TI  - Letter: Activated charcoal in treatment of poisoning.

PMID- 1203732
TI  - Letter: Disposal of disposable colostomy appliances.

PMID- 1203733
TI  - Letter: Salt overdosage.

PMID- 1203734
TI  - Volunteers and the aftermath of stroke.

PMID- 1203735
TI  - Letter: Venous thromboembolism and anticoagulants in pregnancy.

PMID- 1203736
TI  - Letter: Tests on overseas doctors.

PMID- 1203737
TI  - Letter: Treatment of Wilson's disease.

PMID- 1203738
TI  - Letter: Vocational training for general practice.

PMID- 1203739
TI  - Hazards of compression sclerotherapy.

PMID- 1203740
TI  - [Prolongation of life and geriatrics].

PMID- 1203741
TI  - [The IgA immunoglobulins and their role in the defense of the organism].

PMID- 1203742
TI  - [Rehabilitative prognosis of bilateral thrombosis of the carotid artery].

PMID- 1203743
TI  - [Clinical trial of FLO 1347].

PMID- 1203744
TI  - [National Council of Red Cross Hospital Libraries].

PMID- 1203745
TI  - [Induction of ovulation by epimestrol].

PMID- 1203746
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a new oral contraceptive: Ovostat].

PMID- 1203747
TI  - Morphology and size-distribution of sound and acid-treated enamel crystallites.
AB  - Citric acid dissolves crystallites of enamel by initially etching out
      approximately hexagonal holes in the core of the crystallites, parallel to their
      long axis. Such acid-treatment influences the crystallite diameter only slightly
      since the distribution of the diameters of crystallites with a hollow core is not
      essentially different from those found in sound enamel. In both cases, the
      average diameter is 37 nm. Crystallites having a central defect and an outer
      diameter of about 40 nm are split into two parts of approximatley 15 nm in
      diameter following acid treatment. The central defect is caused exclusively by
      the acid and not by damage from the electron beam, nor by a combination of acid
      treatment and electron beam damage.

PMID- 1203749
TI  - Transmembrane bone matrix gelatin-induced differentiation of bone.
AB  - In response to chemically-defined bone matrix gelatin (BMG) inside a diffusion
      chamber implanted in a muscle pouch, mesenchymal cells migrate directionally,
      aggregate and differentiate into new bone, on the outside of the chamber. BMG
      diffuses through double membranes 275 to 300 mum in thickness. The inner membrane
      of pore size is 0.025 mum and the outer membrane of pore size is 0.45 mum. The
      inner membrane is 1/20 the pore size and the combination is twice the thickness
      of membranes previously reported to transfer osteoinductive activity of living
      cells. Autoradiographs show 35S-cysteine-labelled BMG produces very high trans
      membrane grain counts while 3H-proline labelled BMG produces very low
      transmembrane grain counts. Electron micrographs demonstrate that gelatin
      derived, uranyl-acetate-stained fine granules interspersed with ruthenium red
      staining coarse granules, diffuse through the membrane of 0.025 mum pore size
      from the inside out. Solitary pale-staining collagen fibrils, possibly formed in
      interstitial fluid by renaturation of BMG are found in the interior of the
      chamber and in the interior of the outer 0.45 mum but not the inner 0.025 mum
      pore size membrane. Densely-stained new bone collagen fiber bundles cover the
      outer membrane, fill the 0.45 mum subsurface pores for a depth of 0.20 to 30 mum,
      and thereby attach the new cartilage and bone deposits to the outer surface of
      the chamber. BMG powders solubilize rapidly in diffusion chambers and produce
      high yields of new bone. The relationship between denatured collagen and
      renatured gelatin fibrils in the process of transfer of the bone morphogen from
      BMG to mesenchymal cell receptors is an intriguing subject for further
      investigation.

PMID- 1203748
TI  - Hypercalcemic effect of catecholamines and its prevention by thyrocalcitonin.
AB  - Earlier work by others has shown that the catecholamines, epinephrine and
      isoproterenol, can raise blood calcium levels in parathyroidectomized but not
      intact rats, and can restrict the hypocalcemic effect of injected thyrocalcitonin
      (TCT). The present findings support this earlier work, further showing that such
      catecholamines can produce hypercalcemia in rats after removal of the thyroid
      gland by acute thyroparathyroidectomy (TPTX) and indicating that these drugs may
      raise blood calcium by mobilizing calcium from bone. Rats were fasted overnight,
      subjected to TPTX and concurrently injected with adrenergic agonist or antagonist
      drugs alone or in combination. Epinephrine, isoproterenol, and the beta-2
      adrenergic agonist, salbutamol, in doses greater than or equal to 1 mg/kg raised
      blood calcium from low normal levels (approximately 9-10 mg/100 ml) by 1.5 to 2
      mg/100 ml (p less than 0.01). Hypercalcemia was apparent by 1 hour after
      injection and lasted for 1-4 hours. The extent of Ca elevation was dose-related.
      Pretreatment of rats with the alpha-adrenergic antagonist, phenoxybenzamine,
      enhanced the effect of epinephrine while pretreatment with the beta-antagonist,
      propranolol, reduced the effect of isoproterenol. The more selective beta-2
      antagonist, butoxamine, but not the beta-1 antagonist, practolol, also reduced
      the hypercalcemic effect of isoproterenol in TPTX rats. These results suggest
      that catecholamine-induced hypercalcemia in TPTX rats is mediated by beta-2
      adrenergic receptors. Related studies using rats prelabeled with 45Ca further
      suggest that the catecholamines, like parathyroid hormone, may act to raise blood
      calcium by mobilizing calcium from bone. The fact that these catecholamines could
      induce marked hypercalcemia in acutely TPTX rats but not in intact rats indicated
      that endogenous TCT protects the thyroid intact rat against hypercalcemia. The
      present findings support this idea in showing that isoproterenol and salbutamol
      raised levels of immunoreactive rat TCT in both thyroid venous and peripheral
      blood. Catecholamines apparently can promote TCT secretion, either directly or by
      a small transient increase in blood calcium. This, in turem, acts to combat
      hypercalcemia in thhroid-intact rats.

PMID- 1203750
TI  - Mineralization of invertebrate cartilage.
AB  - Although invertebrate cartilage tissues do not mineralize in nature, it is now
      reported for the first time that when excised gill cartilage tissue from Limulus
      (horse shoe crab) is placed in an appropriate incubation medium metastable to
      hydroxyapatite, mineralization will occur. The mineralization is temperature
      dependent, and takes place at 37 degrees but not at 20 degrees. Incubations in
      media metastable to calcite have not produced mineralization. Histologic
      examination of mineralized tissues showed mineral deposits predominantly within
      cells, and to a lesser extent in the matrix. X-ray diffraction of the deposited
      mineral revealed a typical biological hydroxyapatite pattern.

PMID- 1203751
TI  - Uptake of 99mTe-Sn-EHDP in beagles with advanced periodontal disease.
AB  - Bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals were used in conjunction with skeletal imaging
      techniques to study bone mineral metabolism in beagle jaws. In beagles with
      chronic destructive periodontal disease, the tooth-supporting bone exhibited an
      increased uptake of technetium-99m-tin-diphosphonate when compared to control
      dogs. Scan images of soft tissue and vascular pools in the diseased jaws were
      normal. When quantitative densitometric data derived from bone scan images were
      compared, it was found that values reflecting radionuclide uptake in dogs with
      chronic destructive periodontal disease were six times greater than corresponding
      values in control dogs.

PMID- 1203752
TI  - Anti-inflammatory steroids, lysosomal stabilization and parachor.
AB  - Parachor is an additive constitutive property of a molecule and is related to the
      molar volume and the surface tension. The parachor of a steroid can be calculated
      from its constituent atoms and bonds. The parachor of a biologically active
      molecule is related to the ability of that molecule to permeate hydrophobic
      regions of cells, especially cellular membranes. An examination of the parachor
      values of a large number of steroids shows that these values are correlated with
      a number of different biological activities, from independent sources. The
      ability of steroids to release lysosomal enzymes from isolated lysosomes in vitro
      is inversely related to the parachor of the steroid. A similar relationship holds
      for the release of lysosomal beta-glucoronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) from isolated
      lysosomes of rat preputial gland following in vivo administration of steroids.
      The relative anti-inflammatory potencies of steroids by several assay methods are
      directly proportional to their parachors. The relative ability of corticosteroids
      to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation and to swell isolated mitochondria in vitro
      show a direct proportionality with the steroidal parachor. The percutaneous
      absorptions of steroids show good correlation with parachors, stratum corneum
      water partition coefficients and amylcaproate-water partition coefficients; but
      not with hexadecane-water partition coefficients. The application of parachor as
      a structure-activity correlation parameter in drug design is likely to yield
      useful information. The advantages and limitations of the calculated parachor
      method are discussed.

PMID- 1203753
TI  - Effect of valine on the control of fatty acid synthesis in white adipose tissue
      of the rat.
AB  - In adipocytes from fed rats, the rate of fatty acid synthesis in the presence of
      glucose and insulin was inhibited 40% by valine (5 mm). tthis inhibition was
      largely abolished by the addition to the incubation medium of the transaminase
      inhibitor aminooxy acetate, and of pyruvate and agents which raise the
      intracellular pyruvate levels such as N,N,N1,N1-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine.
      Pyruvate output into the incubation medium from fat pads obtained from fed rats
      and incubated with glucose and insulin was decreased significantly by the
      addition of valine. When adipocytes were incubated under similar conditions, the
      final concentration of pyruvate in the incubation medium was 42 +/- 1.6 muM under
      control conditions and approximately one third of this value in the presence of
      2.5 mM valine. Valine had no significant effect on pyruvate dehydrogenase
      (lipoate) (EC 1.2.4.1) activity when assayed in homogenates prepared from adipose
      tissue previously incubated for 60 min with the amino acid. Although the ketoacid
      analogue of valine alpha-ketoisovaleric acid, is a competitive inhibitor of
      pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoate) (K1 = 1.4 mM), this cannot solely account for
      the valine-induced reduced rate of lipogenesis. Rather, the mechanism involves a
      reduction in pyruvate concentration and thereby a diminished flow through
      pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoate). Details of the possible mechanism are
      discussed.

PMID- 1203754
TI  - Studies of the metabolism of asialotransferrins: the metabolic heterogeneity of
      human asialotransferrin.
AB  - Catabolism of human transferrin and human asialotransferrin was simultaneously
      studied in guinea pigs by means of total body radioactivity measurements. Total
      body activity representing transferrin decreased at a constant rate with an
      average half-life of 88 h. Decrease of the total body activity representing
      asialotransferrin exhibited at least two rates; the half-life of the fast initial
      component averaged at 25 h, whereas the half-life of the slower component
      averaged at 55 h. Transition occurred between the 50th and 80th hours of the
      experiments. The complex character of the elimination curves could not be
      explained by differences in the iron content of asialotransferrin, by the
      presence of transferrin variants or of denatured protein in the injected
      material, by residual sialic acid in the preparations, by accumulation of
      radioactive terminal catabolic products in the body, by an association of
      asialotransferrin with any other macromolecular plasma constituent, by changing
      conditions for mass action, or by a continuing return of labeled protein from the
      extravascular space. Injection of bovine asialotransferrin into guinea pigs did
      not result in complex total body curves. Analyses of guinea pig tissues
      demonstrated that human asialotransferrin had marked affinity for the liver and
      none for the kidney, lung, or spleen. These observations are consistent with the
      hypothesis that the glycopeptides in human transferrin are heterogeneous in that
      removal of the sialyl residues exposes structures with different affinities for
      the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor. The precise chemical basis for the
      metabolic heterogeneity is unknown.

PMID- 1203756
TI  - Effect of sample volume and column length on transcortin determination by
      sephadex G-25 gel filtration.
AB  - When Sephadex G-25 columns are used to separate transcortin-bound corticosterone
      from free corticosterone, there is a non-linear increase of total binding with
      increasing plasma volume filtered. However, the specific binding (total binding -
      unspecific binding) shows a linear relationship with the plasma volume filtered.
      Furthermore, the specific binding decreases with increasing Sephadex column
      length and absolute binding values are found by extrapolating to a zero length
      column.

PMID- 1203757
TI  - Piperonyl butoxide, a potent inhibitor of potato spindle tuber viroid in Scopolia
      sinensis.
AB  - Piperonyl butoxide has been found to act as potent inhibitor for potato spindle
      tuber viroid in Scopolia sinensis Hemsl plant.

PMID- 1203755
TI  - A model for the mode of action of cytochalasin B inhibition of D-glucose
      transport in the human erythrocyte.
AB  - By an optical method, cytochalasin B is shown to be a competitive inhibitor of D
      glucose transport across the human erythrocyte membrane with Ki of 1.2 x 10(-7)
      M. A Drieding molecular model of cytochalasin B reveals an almost identical
      spatial distribution of four oxygen atoms to those found in the C1-conformation
      of beta-D-glucopyranose and implicated in hydrogen bonding to the carrier protein
      associated with D-glucose transport. The stereochemistry of this transport model
      is discussed. On the basis of the interoxygen distances found in cytochalasin B,
      hydrocortisone, prednisolone, corticosterone, and phenolphthalein are considered
      as analogues and are shown to be competitive inhibitors of D-glucose transport
      with Ki values of 2.2 x 10(-4) M, 3.0 x 10(-4) M, 4.0 x 10(-4) M, and 2.5 x 10(
      5) M, respectively. These results are considered to be consistent with the
      proposed mode of action of cytochalasin B and also provide further support for
      the model of D-glucose stereospecifically hydrogen-bonded to a carrier protein.

PMID- 1203759
TI  - Knowledge, power, man and justice: ethical problems in biomedical research.
AB  - This essay attempts to raise some ethical problems related to biomedical research
      as they revolve around the issues of knowledge, power, man and justice. The
      arguments connected with such matters will not provide answers, but rather
      soundings for unchartered waters. Much more can and needs to be developed about
      the nature of knowledge and the politics of its use and abuse. A more detailed
      analysis and critique of man's nature might be engaged in to determine many
      concerns, not least of which is whether we can even talk about human nature. The
      idea of justice is elusive at the best of times and is particularly complicated
      at a time in history when social and economic interpretation is so complex. Much
      more must be debated before we can produce a detailed map. Fundamental to all of
      this, though, hopefully will be a dialogue among the many disciplines concerned
      with human research. We can not afford to work in isolation. The consequences of
      our decisions are too great.

PMID- 1203758
TI  - Some legal implications of advances in human genetics.
AB  - The law which, to some extent at least, reflects contemporary mores, has not kept
      pace with the recent scientific advances in genetics. Because of the rate of
      advance in the science of genetics there is a real risk that we shall know how to
      change the traditional nature of man before we possess the knowledge necessary to
      enable us to use the new knowledge for humane purposes. Clonal reproduction may
      produce a creature who, for the purposes of the law, especially the criminal law,
      which defines when a child becomes a human being in terms of "old-fashioned"
      motherhood, may not be a human being, so that putting him to death may not be
      homicide. Similarly, in vitro fertilization and development in an artificial
      uterus may result in the "birth" of one who, though having human attributes, may
      not, in law, be a human being. While cloning and in vitro fertilization may not
      have immediate legal implications because of the state of the art, genetic
      manipulation in the form of amniocentesis has very real legal implications now
      because it is a matter of current practice. The assumption that detection of
      genetic abnormality in the foetus is a beneficial development because it enables
      parents to have the option of terminating the pregnancy, though valid in the
      United Kingdom and the United States, is invalid in Canada. Abortion on demand is
      not part of the law in Canada and the liberalization of the abortion provisions
      of the Criminal Code of Canada in 1969 expressly avoided including as a criterion
      for therapeutic abortion the risk that the child, if born, would be likely to
      suffer from such physical or mental abnormalities as to be seriously handicapped.
      Beyond the more technical issues raised by scientific advances, however, lies the
      fundamental question whether a handicapped life is a life not worth living.

PMID- 1203760
TI  - Advances in medical genetics.
AB  - Although advances in medical genetics are designed ultimately to help human
      beings receive better health care, they pose many problems for society. Some of
      these concerns are real, but others result from misunderstanding and/or
      misrepresentation of the true implication of certain developments in genetics. It
      is obvious that the geneticist must play a dual role in society as scientist and
      as advocate. Although such a duality or role is not easy, it is not impossible.
      However, it does mean that the training of the medical geneticist must include
      more than exposure to the scientific approach.

PMID- 1203761
TI  - Linkage of a gene for DDT-resistance in adults of the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
AB  - The gene RDDT2, which gives resistance to DDT in the imago of Aedes aegypti L.
      has been mapped on linkage group III with respect to six visible markers. The
      best interpretation of the order of the genes is:- blp - blt - co - fz - wi 
      RDDT2 - min, but the order blp - blt - co - fz -RDDT2 - wi - min is also
      possible.

PMID- 1203762
TI  - Genetic control of susceptibility to hydroxyproline in Drosophila.
AB  - Hydroxyproline (OHP) is known to produce morphological abnormalities in
      susceptible Drosophila. In some, OHP prevents head eversion during pupation
      producing a cryptocephal (crc) phenocopy, others fail to fully stretch legs and
      wings producing a shortened distance between these appendages (LWD). In this
      paper the genetic basis of susceptibility to OHP is explored and compared to the
      control of susceptibility to glucosamine (GA) which also produces a crc
      phenocopy. The data suggest that genes providing resistance to the effects of GA
      are different from those conferring resistance to OHP. Furthermore, genes
      providing resistance to the crc effects of OHP appear to be different from those
      controlling resistance-to the LWD effects. Intrastrain gene coadaptation also
      seems to be important in resistance to OHP. The relevance of these results to the
      problem of the genetic control of developmental buffering is briefly discussed.

PMID- 1203763
TI  - [Karyotypes, supernumerary chromosomes, rudimentary parthenogenesis and
      polyploidy in 2 species of the genus Phronima (Crustacea, Amphipoda)].
AB  - The diploid number of Phronima sedentaria and P. atlantica is 30, all the
      chromosomes are metacentric or submetacentric; the caryotypes of these two
      species are compared with those of other Amphipods. Some individuals of each
      species have a supernumerary chromosome. This element, found in both sexes,
      remains as an univalent at meiosis and goes earlier to one pole. In some cases
      nonfertilized ova undergo segmentation; this rudimentary parthenogenesis stops
      quickly and is partly related to polyploidization.

PMID- 1203764
TI  - A karyological study of nine species of Torymus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae).
AB  - Haploid karyotypes composed of 5 metacentrics (T. umbilicatus, T. koebelei), 4
      metacentrics plus 2 telocentrics (T. tubicola), 5 metacentrics plus 1 telocentric
      (T. warreni), 5 metacentrics plus 1 acrocentric (T. baccharidis, T. vesiculi, T.
      occidentalis, T. capillaceus), and 6 metacentrics (T. californicus) are
      described. Five metacentrics are postulated as ancestral for the Torymidae, based
      on karyotype frequency for the family and Robertsonian relationships among taxa.
      Karyotypes of 5 metacentrics plus 1 telocentric are considered ancestral for the
      genus Torymus. Derived karyotypes have apparently evolved independently in
      several lineages within the genus.

PMID- 1203766
TI  - Detection of virus-like particles in the coremia of Penicillium claviforme.
AB  - A double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) was isolated from coremial extracts of
      wild type P. claviforme, by methylated-albumin kieselguhr chromatography.
      Differential centrifugations of the coremial extracts from WT and Sh mutant
      strains yielded two classes of virus-like particles (VLP), of dimensions 25-30
      nm, and 50-70 nm. The possible ecological significance of fungal viruses is
      discussed.

PMID- 1203765
TI  - Drug resistance and membrane alteration in mutants of mammalian cells.
AB  - Independent colchicine-resistant (CHR) mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells
      displaying reduced permeability to colchicine have been isolated. A
      distinguishing feature of these membrane-altered mutants is their pleiotropic
      cross-resistance to a variety of unrelated compounds. Genetic characterization of
      the CHR lines indicate that colchicine resistance and cross-resistance to other
      drugs are of a dominant nature in somatic cell hybrids. Revertants of CHR have
      been isolated which display decreased resistance to colchicine and a
      corresponding decrease in resistance to other drugs. These results strongly
      suggest that colchicine resistance and the pleiotropic cross-resistance are the
      result of the same mutation(s). Biochemical studies indicate that although
      colchicine is transported into our cells by passive diffusion, no major
      alterations in the membrane lipids could be detected in mutant cells. However,
      there appears to be an energy-dependent process in these cells which actively
      maintains a permeability barrier against colchicine and other drugs. The CHR
      cells might be altered in this process. A new glycoprotein has been identified in
      mutant cell membranes which is not present in parental cells, and is greatly
      reduced in revertant cells. A model for colchicine-resistance is proposed which
      suggests that certain membrane proteins such as the new glycoprotein of CHR
      cells, are modulators of membrane fluidity (mmf proteins) whose molecular
      conformation regulates membrane permeability to a variety of compounds and that
      the CHR mutants are altered in their mmf proteins. The possible importance of the
      CHR cells as models for investigating aspects of chemotherapy related to drug
      resistance is discussed.

PMID- 1203767
TI  - Linkage of the genes for DDT and dieldrin resistance in larvae of the mosquito
      Aedes aegypti.
AB  - The DDT resistance gene RDDT1, and the dieldrin resistance gene Rd1 have been
      mapped on linkage group II with respect to visible markers, in the mosquito Aedes
      argypti L. The best interpretation of the data gives the order wa - Rdl - ds 
      RDDT1 - s - y but was - Rdl -ds - y - s - RDDT1 is also possible. h is very
      loosely linked with RDDT1. The length of the linkage group has been considerably
      extended from previous studies.

PMID- 1203768
TI  - The effect of chloramphenicol and cycloheximide on meiotic zoosporogenesis and
      mitotic gametogenesis in Ulva mutabilis.
AB  - Ulva mutabilis cells induced to form zoospores or gametes were exposed to
      chloramphenicol or cycloheximide during the 48 hours preparatory period.
      Chloramphenicol inhibited protein and RNA accumulation to the same degree at all
      concentrations, and appeared to have a general toxic effect. Cycloheximide at low
      concentrations inhibited primarily protein accumulation, while at higher
      concentrations it had also an effect on the net synthesis of RNA. Most of the
      inhibited cells were found in interphase, but a small percent of vegetative
      mitoses were observed and may indicate a return to this type of division. The
      gametophyte appeared to be more sensitive to chloramphenicol than the sporophyte.
      The effect of cycloheximide on the two processes seems to be more or less the
      same. A transition period, after which the sporulation process could no longer be
      inhibited, was found about 10 hours before the cells entered meiotic prophase in
      zoosporogenesis.

PMID- 1203769
TI  - Heterosis, sex and maternal interactions in crosses among inbred lines of mice.
AB  - All possible crosses and reciprocals were made among four inbred lines (F = 92%)
      developed from 12 generations of full-sib mating. All lines originated from a
      common outbred base population of ICR-albino mice. Data were obtained from 356
      litter containing 2,734 mice to evaluate heterosis, reciprocal effects, sex
      effects and their interactions as they affect body weight and weight gain.
      Heterosis was significant for most of the postweaning traits (42- and 56-day
      weight and gain from 21 to 42 days). Nonadditive gene action may have included
      overdominance and epistasis since both reciprocal linecrosses were generally
      heavier than those of the better inbred lines. Although significant differences
      in reciprocals and inbred lines were not frequent, there were sufficient
      differences to indicate that lines varied in the fixation of loci during
      inbreeding. Sex-heterosis interactions were significant for 12 of 30 possible
      cases. However, eight of the 12 significant interactions occurred in crosses
      involving only one of the lines. The interactions were of the divergent type and
      arose from males exhibiting more heterosis than females. Overdominance in genes
      on the sex chromosomes modified by other loci (epistasis) was proposed as a
      possible explanation for these results. Some sex-linkage affecting growth was
      evident from the interaction of sex with reciprocal effects.

PMID- 1203770
TI  - Genetic analysis of a population of Tribolium. V. Viability of the unsaturated
      fatty acid sensitive mutant.
AB  - The viability pattern of the unsaturated fatty acid sensitive mutant (cos/cos) of
      Tribolium castaneum was examined with reference to the normal genotype from egg
      hatching through adult emergence. The beetles were cultured on diets with 0, 3,
      or 5% corn oil in growth chambers maintained at 33 +/- 1 degree C and either 42
      +/- 6% or 75 +/- 3% relative humidity. The pattern of the mutant was altered
      during the larval stage and was dependent on both the concentration of dietary
      fatty acid and the relative humidity of the culture chamber. Values of the
      viability component of fitness were assigned to the cos/cos, +/-/cos and +/-/+/-
      genotypes for multiple environments based on the number of eggs surviving to
      pupation. In large, random mating populations segregating at this locus, a stable
      genetic polymorphism is forecast. Predicted rates of change of allele frequency
      are dependent upon the culture conditions.

PMID- 1203771
TI  - The difference of pupa weight measurements in Tribolium and its effects on
      selection responses.
AB  - Possible causes of asymmetrical direct and indirect selection responses in
      Tribolium which were observed in a series of various experiments have been
      investigated. In some experiments the pupae were weighed just after pupation and
      in others they were weighed on the 20th day of incubation. Weight loss between
      pupation time and the 20th day of incubation as well as systematic differences in
      weight between individuals, pupating at successive ages are considered to be
      responsible for the asymmetry. The concept of unconscious secondary selection was
      introduced to interpret the asymmetrics of realized heritability and genetic
      correlation observed in two-way selection experiments.

PMID- 1203772
TI  - Extra-large Tribolium confusum: a new autosomal recessive mutant.
AB  - A new mutant of Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae),
      extra-large (designated xl), was isolated in mating competition tests with red
      eye (re) and wild-type (+). Crosses showed that it was autosomal recessive gene
      with subvital effects. The pupal weights averaged 6.1 and 7.3 mg for males and
      females, respectively, about twice the weights of the ancestral wild-type. The
      generation time (egg to adult) was approximately 8 to 9 weeks compared with about
      4 weeks for the wild-type. This increase resulted from a lengthening of the
      larval stage since the durations of the egg and pupal stages were within the
      ranges of the wild-type. Mean longivity of xl males and females was reduced to
      8.5 and 6.0 weeks, respectively at 26.7 +/- 1 degree C and 60% RH.

PMID- 1203773
TI  - Chromosomal abnormalities and the morphology of mouse sperm heads.
AB  - In the mouse, numerous mutagens, teratogens and carcinogens have been shown to
      induce marked elevations in the fraction of sperm with head shape abnormalities.
      Since carcinogens and teratogens may act by causing genetic damage, a likely
      explanation of these results is that the sperm abnormalities are also caused by
      genetic damage. There are two more or less distinct classes of genetic damage,
      chromosomal aberrations and point mutations. In this paper, we provide evidence,
      that in general, chromosomal aberrations are not responsible for causing
      abnormally shaped sperm. Chromosomal aberrations could have caused abnormal sperm
      morphology in a number of ways. One possibility was that the mere presence of a
      translocated chromosome within the germ cell led to the malformation of the sperm
      head. A second possibility was that chromosomal imbalance, i.e., aneuploidy,
      duplications or deficiencies, within the spermatid or haploid cells caused
      abnormalities in shape. We tested these hypotheses by measuring the level of
      abnormally shaped sperm in mice homozygous and heterozygous for 24 various
      reciprocal and Robertsonian translocations. The diploid cells of these mice are
      known to be chromosomally balanced, containing translocated chromosomes. A
      predictable proportion of their gametes are, however, chromosomally unbalanced
      and carry translocated chromosomes. It was found that the levels of sperm
      abnormalities in these mice were convincingly unrelated to the levels predicted
      by any of the above hypotheses. Based on these results it seems that sperm
      abnormalities in mice are not due to the mere presence of translocated
      chromosomes in germ cells and also not due to chromosomal aneuploidy or
      duplication-deficiencies of chromosomal segments in the spermatid during
      development of the sperm.

PMID- 1203774
TI  - Some observations on a record keeping and end-results reporting system.
AB  - Possible objectives to be served by a multiple source cancer data acquistion
      program and some limitations associated therewith are presented. Alternative
      approaches to on-going cancer data collection from multiple sources are briefly
      considered. Basic requirements of a cancer record keeping and end-results
      reporting system, and standard defintions, procedures, and rules relating thereto
      are indicated. Points which may be useful in reaching a decision on an on-going
      international collaborative data collection arrangement are noted.

PMID- 1203775
TI  - Common denominators to be considered for world-wide record keeping.

PMID- 1203776
TI  - Surgical considerations for record keeping and end-result reporting.

PMID- 1203777
TI  - Still photography of the larynx -- an overview.

PMID- 1203778
TI  - Laryngeal photography.
AB  - Laryngeal photography -- still, motion, and television -- is of great value in
      teaching students and residents, in communicating findings to colleagues, and in
      demonstrating surgical technique in microsurgery of the larynx. Acceptable
      photographs can be achieved at moderate cost using the optical system of the
      Zeiss microscope, photo-adapters and an appropriate 35 mm camera body, 16 mm
      movie camera, and/or lightweight TV color camera. Large bore fiberoptic light
      carriers are used in the laryngoscope to carry maximum amount of light from the
      quartz iodide light source or indium-iodide lamp. These techniques interfere
      minimally with the operation.

PMID- 1203779
TI  - Techniques in microlaryngoscopic photography.
AB  - A microlaryngoscopic photographic technique is described similar to that
      technique advocated by Kleinsasser. This technique is an uncomplicated routine
      method, which can be adopted by anyone using the Zeiss surgical microscope. With
      a relaxed, intubated patient, alignment of the optical axis of the microscope
      with the central axis of the laryngoscope, and with careful focusing, using the
      over-changed (9.5 A, 7.6 V) 6 V 50 W bulb, shutter at 22, magnification of 16 or
      25, and with 1/4 second exposure time, and the Kodak Ektachrome HS film (125
      ASA), the result should be satisfactory.

PMID- 1203780
TI  - Open tube, proximal illumination mirror and direct laryngeal photography.
AB  - Equipment is described for mirror and open tube direct laryngoscopic photography.
      It consists of specially constructed reflex camera systems that provide adequate
      exposure and depth of the desired field, sharpness of focus, correct color, and
      effective composition for meaningful illustrations. The separate cameras for
      still and motion pictures consist of units that contain the light source, lenses,
      optic reflex systems, and film chambers. The mirrors for indirect laryngoscopy
      and the open tube direct laryngoscopes are attached by rigid, easily released
      clamps for quick interchange. It is stressed that the laryngologist himself must
      be the photographer. The pictures are adjuncts to case recording, are supportive
      evidence of investigative work, and may be used as chronologic sequences in study
      of physiology and in pre- and postoperative evaluation.

PMID- 1203781
TI  - Advances in endoscopic techniques for examination of the larynx and nasopharynx.
AB  - The development of the new Hopkins rod indirect laryngoscope with the polished
      glass rod lens system and fiberoptic lighting promise to revolutionize the
      indirect examination of the larynx and nasopharynx. The improved optics and
      lighting facilitate the acquisition of still and moving picture photography for
      permanent records. Examples of the superior photographic resolution are
      presented.

PMID- 1203782
TI  - Ultra high speed photography in laryngeal research.
AB  - An attempt has been made in this paper to suggest the role of ultra high speed
      motion photography in laryngeal research and to sketch the more important
      technical requirements of the equipment and procedures for its use. The latter
      included comments about a camera and its auxilliary equipment, illumination,
      recording, synchronizaiton of the patient whose larynx is to be photographed.

PMID- 1203783
TI  - High speed photography of the larynx and film data processing.

PMID- 1203784
TI  - The state of cancer research in clinical ENT departments in Italy.

PMID- 1203785
TI  - Research policies in university centres in India.
AB  - India is a developling country with its necessary priorities. Therefore the
      limited resources which are available cannot be spared for basic cancer research.
      The population is close to 600 million -- 80 per cent living in villages and
      receiving hardly any medical aid. This has provided extensive clinical material
      which can be beneficially utilized for research. The following plan is suggested
      under the existing circumstances: 1. Motivation of specialists towards head and
      neck problems. 2. Creation of regional specialists in cancer hospitals. 3.
      Advanced cases as objects for research. 4. A universal law regarding compulsory
      postmortem. 5. In a developing country like India with limited resources highly
      academic investigations should have low priority. 6. Refresher courses for
      general practitioners to educate them regarding early clinical manifestations of
      laryngeal cancer. 7. Training of postgraduates. A postgraduate should be first
      trained in one's own country, particularly in a developing country like India. He
      can then go for further experience to other international centres. 8.
      Communication by way of publication. The clinicians from developing countries
      should have easy opportunity to get their works published in English journals.

PMID- 1203786
TI  - Laryngeal cancer research in the western U.S. and Canada.

PMID- 1203787
TI  - Research policies related to laryngeal cancer in university departments in
      Yugoslavia.

PMID- 1203788
TI  - Research policies related to laryngeal cancer in clinical departments of
      Scandinavian universities.
AB  - This review covers ongoing and planned research projects in Scandinavian
      university ENT facilities concerning laryngeal carcinoma. Scandinavia (Denmark,
      Finland, Sweden, Norway and Iceland) has a population of fewer than 22 million,
      and therefore each department has only a few patients with laryngeal carcinoma
      per year. Clinical surveys of therapeutic results were the most commonly
      performed investigation. Many departments are interested in cytostatics alone or
      in combination with radiotherapy. Histopathological classification and malignancy
      grading of laryngeal carcinoma with multifactor analysis, diagnosis and treatment
      of precancerous conditions, and whole organ serial sectioning occupy some
      departments. Etiological factors, diagnostic problems, and postoperative
      functional disturbances are other fields of interest. Immunology and experimental
      animal research are both studied to a lesser extent. A very great interest exists
      for inter-regional and inter-Scandinavian joint projects, which may hopefully
      become a reality after this survey.

PMID- 1203789
TI  - Review of current research projects under way in Australia related to laryngeal
      cancer.
AB  - Research in laryngeal cancer in Australia has been largely confined to the study
      of serial sections of tumor specimens to determine the methods of spread of
      carcinoma. More recently, a prospective trial, using BCG and Methotrexate in
      terminal epidermoid carcinoma patients. It is strongly urged that research be
      directed towards international data collection and double blind prospective
      clinical trials of modes of therapy for comparable lesions. It is also felt that
      more basic research should be directed towards determining the role of smoking in
      the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer, and the mechanism of action of
      immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

PMID- 1203790
TI  - Resident research in otolaryngology at the University of Iowa.

PMID- 1203791
TI  - Research opportunities at the Institute of Laryngology and Otology, London.
AB  - Emphasis is placed on the need to encourage original research in our training
      programs. This implies an obligation to help trainees inexperienced in research
      to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Four examples of patterns of
      research at a postgraduate institute are presented. All are in areas in some way
      relevant to carcinoma of the larynx: a) the effect of experimental hypothermia on
      transplanted tumors in rats; b) isotope detection of deep vein thrombosis
      following head and neck surgery; c) stomal calibre after laryngectomy related to
      airflow, esophageal voice and cineradiographic appearances; d) a case-controlled
      study of the etiologic role of asbestos in laryngeal cancer. These studies are
      still in progress but some preliminary observations can be reported.

PMID- 1203792
TI  - Resident research program at Upstate Medical Center.

PMID- 1203793
TI  - Grading of biopsies of laryngeal carcinomas by multiple criteria.
AB  - The system of tumor grading of Jakobsson et al was applied in a study of the
      malignancy grade of biopsy tissue compared with the grade of the corresponding
      tissue obtained at definitive surgery. The results suggest that at biopsy tumors
      are rated lower grade than they exhibit in the final tumor tissue. Some
      observations are made on the application of this system of point rating multiple
      features to determine histologic grade.

PMID- 1203794
TI  - Histologic grading of malignancy and prognosis in glottic carcinoma of the
      larynx.
AB  - Two hundred and thirty patients with glottic carcinomas of the larynx treated at
      the Radiumhemmet from 1956 to 1966 by radiotherapy and followed for at least five
      years were investigated. Histologic grading of malignancy was made in each case
      by the registration of eight morphologic criteria, four representing the tumor
      cell population itself (structure, differentiation, nuclear polymorphism, and
      mitoses) and four representing the tumor host relationship (mode of invasion,
      stage of invasion, vascular invasion, and cellular response). There parameters
      were graded on the bases of a one to four point system according to arbitrary
      units. Multivariate analysis of the material revealed that the most important
      factors in the prediction of the five year result were found to be the nuclear
      polymorphism, mode of invasion, and total malignancy point value. The histologic
      grading of malignancy in this series was found to be better in the prediction of
      the five year result, recurrence or not, than the TNM classification.

PMID- 1203795
TI  - The characteristics of laryngeal cancer correlating with cervical lymph node
      metastasis.

PMID- 1203796
TI  - Sinus histiocytosis and cervical lymph nodal metastases from transglottic
      epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx.

PMID- 1203797
TI  - Laryngeal carcinoma: stomal recurrences and distant metastases.
AB  - Stomal recurrence and distant metastases are two of the most serious
      complications occurring in the patient treated for carcinoma of the larynx. Their
      appearances are ominous prognostic signs for survival of the host and both are
      refractory to any form of effective management. To date, the stomal recurrence
      has defied a satisfactory pathogenetic explanation but neoplastic cell inculation
      of the laryngectomy wound and extension from paratracheal lymph nodes appear to
      be partial explanations. Uncontrolled local disease plays a significant, if not
      the major role in the genesis of distant metastases.

PMID- 1203798
TI  - Radiotherapy as the primary approach in the treatment of laryngeal cancer.
AB  - At the Institute of Radiology, University of Belgrade, in close collaboration
      with ENT Hospital, a group of 772 patients were treated at various stages of
      laryngeal cancer with telecobalt therapy during the 1960-68 period. The
      supervoltage was consistently the primary approach in the treatment with curative
      intent, while surgery was resorted to for the failures only. One hundred and
      thirteen patients with recurrences following their exposure to irradiation, unfit
      for an operation or refusing surgery, were re-irradiated with telecobalt therapy.
      The authors studied several overall time, dose and fractionation schemes. The NSD
      concept of Ellis was employed to compare the biological effects of the different
      treatment factors. The optimum results were obtained with the doses fractioned
      over five or six weeks and NSD amounting to 1950. The five year absolute survival
      rate obtained at glottic cancer was 60.9 per cent. All stages of supraglottic
      cancer had a survival rate of 39.2 per cent. The five year survival after the
      second course of irradiation (113 patients) was 22.1 per cent, including 25
      patients operated on after two series of irradiation. The authors consider that
      the risk of a radical re-irradiation has to be accepted in spite of possible
      complications because it is the only possibility to save a limited number of the
      patients unfit for an operation or who have a negative attitude to surgical
      treatment, especially to laryngectomy.

PMID- 1203799
TI  - New models of dose fractionation in radiotherapy of cancer of the larynx.

PMID- 1203800
TI  - A three fraction treatment for carcinoma of the larynx.

PMID- 1203801
TI  - The contribution of interstitial implants to treatment planning.
AB  - Delivery of radiation to a deeply located tumor site by external radiation is
      only accomplished by traversal of normal tissues. Even with the physical
      advantages of high energy radiation or heavy particles, this is still unwanted
      radiation. Even a tumor-seeking isotope, such as radio-iodine for carcinoma of
      the thyroid, must still have an initial total body distribution. While
      interstitial sources, removable or permanent, present a personnel exposure
      problem, the delivery and deposition of ionizing radiation in this way has
      unequalled simplicity, versatility, and availability. Although the method is as
      old as radiotherapy itself, three dimensional computer dosimetry has given it
      extended applicability, and extends an invitation to innovations in achieving
      ideal dose distribution.

PMID- 1203802
TI  - The use of rotation therapy with moving absorbers.

PMID- 1203803
TI  - Verbal-pictorial transformations in recognition memory.

PMID- 1203804
TI  - Effect of auditory deprivation of visual resolving power.

PMID- 1203805
TI  - Spatial localization in sequential letter displays.

PMID- 1203806
TI  - Attention and modality specific interference as determinants of short-term verbal
      and visual retention.

PMID- 1203807
TI  - Variability in the chemical content of waterfowl plumage.

PMID- 1203808
TI  - Two new western Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) which are vectors of
      filaria in the California valley quail.

PMID- 1203809
TI  - A case of traumatic dermal myiasis in Quebec caused by Phormia regina (Meigen)
      (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

PMID- 1203810
TI  - Uptake of tritiated leucine by the prolactin cell follicles of the coho salmon,
      Oncorhynchus kisutch.

PMID- 1203811
TI  - Ultraviolet-induced changes in cuticular waxes of American cockroaches,
      Periplaneta americana (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattaria: Blattidae).

PMID- 1203812
TI  - Ornithophilic vectors of avian hematozoa in insular Newfoundland.

PMID- 1203814
TI  - Plasma cells in the avian Harderian gland and the morphology of the gland in the
      rook.

PMID- 1203813
TI  - Molecular coding of olfactory specificity.

PMID- 1203815
TI  - The corpus luteum of goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) and its functions.

PMID- 1203816
TI  - Blubber fat deposition in mysticeti whales.

PMID- 1203818
TI  - Patterns of hibernation in the arctic ground squirrel.

PMID- 1203819
TI  - Intraspecific odor preferences between salamanders of the same sex: dependence on
      season and proximity of residence.

PMID- 1203817
TI  - Layering and tissue composition in the blubber of the northwest Atlantic sei
      whale (Balaenoptera borealis).

PMID- 1203820
TI  - Evidence for multiple insemination in the common garter snake, Thamnophis
      sirtalis.

PMID- 1203821
TI  - Chemical variability in plumage of wild lesser snow geese.

PMID- 1203822
TI  - An evaluation of the tritiated water method for estimating body water in small
      rodents.

PMID- 1203823
TI  - [Editorial: Insects from elsewhere].

PMID- 1203824
TI  - A new look at accidental deaths.

PMID- 1203825
TI  - An exercise prescription program for use in conjunction with the Canadian home
      fitness test.

PMID- 1203826
TI  - Frequency of hepatitis in specialists in Ontario.

PMID- 1203828
TI  - Non-users of medical facilities: the emergence of self-reliance.

PMID- 1203827
TI  - The incidence of congenital abnormalities in British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba
      and New Brunswick, 1966-1969.

PMID- 1203829
TI  - Perception of beneficial health behaviour: smoking and exercise.

PMID- 1203831
TI  - The education of the occupational health nurse.

PMID- 1203832
TI  - Presidential address: Three challenges.

PMID- 1203830
TI  - A proposed program for introducing epidemiology and biostatistics early in the
      medical curriculum.

PMID- 1203833
TI  - Immunological methods in psychiatric treatment.

PMID- 1203834
TI  - Separation-individuation in the psychotherapy of symbiotic states.

PMID- 1203835
TI  - Christianity and psychiatry: rivals or allies?

PMID- 1203836
TI  - Beginning psychiatric training syndrome: a cross-cultural prevalence study.

PMID- 1203837
TI  - Lycanthropy revisited.

PMID- 1203838
TI  - Phase I study of ftorafur, an analog of 5-fluorouracil.
AB  - Ftorafur, a furanyl analog of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is reported to be five to
      six times less toxic and possibly more effective in cancer of the breast and
      colon than 5-FU. The drug was synthesized, formulated, and utilized in
      toxicologic studies, and then in 24 patients with advanced incurable
      malignancies. When Ftorafur is given by intravenous push, it results in immediate
      flushing, dizziness, nausea, retching, and in some cases transient hypotension.
      These immediate side effects are largely eliminated by administering the drug
      slowly by infusion. In patients, 60 mg/kg of Ftorafur given i.v. daily for up to
      10 days resulted in mild toxicity. However, 80 mg/kg given i.v. daily for 7 days
      resulted in severe toxicity, with nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, leukopenia, and
      thrombocytopenia. These studies confirm those of the Russian investigators as to
      toxicity and dosage, even with a different method of administration more
      convenient for therapy. Phase II studies are presently being carried out to
      compare the effectiveness of Ftorafur and 5-FU.

PMID- 1203839
TI  - Clinical and theoretical aspects of the treatment of surgically unresectable
      retroperitoneal malignancy with combined intra-arterial actinomycin-D and
      radiotherapy.
AB  - A small pilot series (eight patients) of surgically unresectable retroperitoneal
      tumors treated with radiotherapy and a selective, prolonged, continuous intra
      arterial infusion of actinomycin-D is discussed, in addition to the possible
      theoretical advantages for this therapy. For such tumors, there is a very low
      probability of obtaining local control with conventional radiotherapy alone.
      However, on the basis of recent knowledge from radiobiology and molecular
      biology, the technique is a rational attempt to improve the local control
      probability. Geographic miss with radiotherapy portals is another major cause for
      local failure with such tumors. We also emphasize the importance of detailed
      tumor localization procedures. The local responses, some of the local controls,
      the palliation achieved, and the lack of significant morbidity with this
      technique have been encouraging. We therefore consider it worthy of further
      clinical investigation.

PMID- 1203840
TI  - Comparison of continuously infused 5-fluorouracil with bolus injection in
      treatment of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.
AB  - In a randomized series of 70 patients with with colo rectal adenocarcinoma, a
      comparison of systemic 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy administered as a continuous
      120-hours infusion vs. intravenous bolus injection daily for 5 days demonstrated
      superiority of prolonged intravenous infusion. The most striking advantage of
      prolonged infusion of 5-FU was the absence of myelotoxicity. Fifteen of the 34
      patients treated with infusion and 8 of the 36 patients treated by bolus
      injection developed objective tumor responses. The difference in response rate at
      least in part is explainable by unequal distribution of patients with different
      characteristics between the two treatment groups.

PMID- 1203841
TI  - Heparin and chemotherapy in the management of inoperable lung carcinoma.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients with inoperable or metastatic carcinoma of the lung who
      failed to respond to conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were entered
      in this study. All of them received repeated courses of multiple chemotherapy
      (cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, 6-thioguanine, methotrexate, and vincristine)
      with or without concurrent intravenous heparin anticoagulation. No tumor
      regression was noted in any of the 14 patients who received the multiple
      chemotherapy only. On the contrary, tumor progression was seen in all of them,
      and subsequently 12 died of their disease. The other 14 patients were
      anticoagulated with heparin, then received the same multiple chemotherapeutics
      while anticoagulated. Over 50% tumor regression was noted clinically and
      radiologically, and occasionally demonstrated histologically in 7 of them. Two
      patients in this group are alive and well for 1 1/2 years. No increase in
      toxicity or metastases was noted. The 2 patients who had progression of their
      disease while on the multiple chemotherapy program alone showed tumor regression
      when they received the same chemotherapy after heparinization.

PMID- 1203842
TI  - Papillary cystadenofibroma of endometrium: a histochemical and ultrastructural
      study.
AB  - The light and electron microscopic as well as the histochemical characteristics
      of a papillary cystadenofibroma of the endometrium are described. The neoplasm
      arose in the lower uterine segment and was composed of a florid fibroblastic
      growth arranged in club-shaped papillae projecting into clefts and cystic spaces.
      The epithelium lining the plicae, recesses, and cysts was exclusively of the
      mucous-secreting type and bore identical histochemical and subcellular
      characteristics to that of the normal endocervical epithelium. Essentially
      similar papillary lesions were recently reported in the endocervix, endometrium,
      and fallopian tube. The pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of this distinct
      neoplasm are discussed in the light of the available morphological data.

PMID- 1203843
TI  - Ultrastructure of primary and metastatic ovarian carcinoids: analysis of 11
      cases.
AB  - The ultrastructure of 11 ovarian carcinoids was investigated. The 6 carcinoids
      with an insular pattern primary in the ovary or metastatic to it from the ileum
      displayed granules that were pleomorphic (dumbbell and reniform shaped) and
      varied from 90 to 410 mum, with an average diameter of 210 mum. Five trabecular
      carcinoids primary in the ovary or metastatic to if from the pancreas contained
      uniformly round granules with an average diameter of 185 mum and a range of 150
      210 mum. These data confirm other reports that pleomorphic granules are typically
      associated with insular carcinoids of the midgut, and round granules with
      trabecular carcinoids of the foregut and hindgut.

PMID- 1203844
TI  - Microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix. The significance of lymphatic invasion and
      confluent patterns of stromal growth.
AB  - Thirty examples of microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix were studied to
      determine the presence or absence of lymphatic invasion. Invasion of spaces
      resembling lymphatic spaces was demonstrated by step sections in more than half
      of the cases (57%). The pattern of invasion within the stroma, whether confluent
      or finger-like, did not correlate with the presence or absence of invasion of
      these spaces. All of the patients had been treated with a pelvic lymphadenectomy,
      and all of the lymph nodes were negative for metastasis. Thus, neither invasion
      of what have been considered to be lymphatics nor a confluent pattern of stromal
      invasion should be a criterion for excluding either the diagnosis of
      microinvasion or treatment by simple hysterectomy.

PMID- 1203845
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation in newly presenting patients
      with primary carcinoma of the lung.
AB  - The transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in response to PHA was studied
      in 37 newly presenting patients who were subsequently proven to have carcinoma of
      the lung. When compared with healthy age- and sex-matched normal controls, no
      differences were noted in the thymidine uptake of the unstimulated lymphocytes in
      culture or in the response to any of the three dose levels of PHA used. Neither
      the extent of the spread of the carcinoma nor the type of its histology showed
      any correlation with the PHA response, but the PHA response was significantly
      depressed within 14 days of death in 7 patients. No evidence for serum inhibitory
      factors was found.

PMID- 1203846
TI  - The influence of splenectomy on the invitro lymphocyte response to
      phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen in Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Using tissue culture techniques, the 14C-thymidine incorporation of peripheral
      lymphocytes in 17 Hodgkin's patients was tested before and after splenectomy
      under stimulation with phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed. Incorporation under
      phytohemagglutinin stimulation about 10 days after splenectomy was not affected
      in Hodgkin's patients with pathologic Stages I and II, but was significantly (p
      less than 0.005) increased in those with Stages III and IV. The total PHA
      stimulation potency, i.e. the product of the lymphocyte count and PHA
      stimulation, increased slightly in both groups. Incorporation under pokeweed
      stimulation after splenectomy did not significantly differ from that before the
      operation in the two groups. Although the number of cases studied is rather
      small, it is concluded that splenectomy causes no demonstrable untoward effect on
      the cellular immunologic potency. The immunologic state is more likely to be
      favorably influenced than unfavorably.

PMID- 1203847
TI  - Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XII. Banding analysis of
      abnormal chromosomes in polycythemia vera.
AB  - The chromosome constitution of bone marrow cells was determined in 13 patients
      with polycythemia vera (PV). In 5 of these patients definite karyotypic
      abnormalities were found: 3 with 46,XY,Fq-; 1 with 46,XY,11q-, 13q-; and 1 with
      missing Y. The latter cytogenetic finding is thought not to be related to the PV.
      The 4 patients with partial deletions of chromosomes had been treated with 32P,
      and 3 of them with chemotherapy also. Karyotypes from 2 of these patients, 1 with
      46,XY,20q-, and another with 46,XY,11q-,13q- were examined with G and/or Q
      banding. From the results of the banding analysis, it appears that the abnormal
      chromosomes were due to simple deletions at specific sites on their arms,
      particularly in the cases with the F abnormality (20q11). The breaks occurred in
      the regions C11q and D12q. The portions missing from the original chromosomes
      could not be found on any chromosome. Most patients with PV do not develop
      chromosomal abnormalities through the course of their disease; when such
      abnormalities appear (20q- in particular), they seem to result exclusively from
      radiation (and possibly chemo-) therapy. Thus, cytogenetic changes do not appear
      to play a crucial role in the genesis of PV.

PMID- 1203848
TI  - The incidence of yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) elements in germ cell
      tumors of the testis in adults.
AB  - The incidence of yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) elements was studied in
      147 germ cell neoplasms of the testis in adults observed over a 4 1/2-year
      period. Excluding 79 cases of pure seminoma, yolk sac tumor elements were found
      in 26 (38%) of 68 tumors; in 8 tumors the yolk sac tumor was the predominant
      element. Yolk sac tumor elements were found admixed with all other germ cell
      tumor elements. Tumors composed entirely of yolk sac tumor were not encountered.
      Fifteen (57%) of the 26 patients with tumors containing yolk sac tumor elements
      have died of their disease during the period under study, compared with 13 (31%)
      of the remaining 42 patients, suggesting that the prognosis of adults with
      testicular tumors containing yolk sac tumor elements is unfavorable. This is in
      contrast to the relatively good prognosis of infants and young children with
      testicular yolk sac tumor, and similar to the prognosis of female patients with
      ovarian yolk sac tumor. The results of the present study give further support to
      the view that yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) is not adistinctive
      neoplasm of the infant's testis, but a germ cell neoplasm differentiating in the
      direction of yolk sac or vitelline structures, and occurring in the testis, ovary
      and extragonadal sites in common with other germ cell neoplasms.

PMID- 1203849
TI  - Clinicopathologic review of 88 cases of carcinoma metastatic to the putuitary
      gland.
AB  - Clinical and pathologic features of 88 cases of carcinoma metastatic to the
      pituitary gland were reviewed. In 61 (69.3%), metastases were localized either in
      the posterior lobe alone or in the posterior and anterior lobes together; only 12
      (13.6%) involved the anterior lobe alone. Diabetes insipidus was present in 6
      patients (6.8%), one of whom also had clinical panhypopituitarism due to
      metastatic tumor and necrosis in the anterior pituitary lobe. Breast and lung
      were the most frequent primary sites in women and men, respectively. Sixty-four
      (72.7%) of these glands were grossly normal at necropsy. Metastases to the
      pituitary gland occur more frequently in the posterior lobe than in the anterior
      lobe, and my ve reflected clinically by diabetes insipidus in patients with
      diseminated carcinoma. Clinical panhypopituitarism is a rare accompaniment of
      anterior lobe involvement.

PMID- 1203850
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin levels in patients with breast cancer.
AB  - Serum immunoglobulin levels IgA, IgG, and IgM have been estimated in 92 patients
      with breast cancer and 50 control patients, 40 of whom had benign disease of the
      breast. In patients with breast cancer, IgA was significantly raised at all
      stages and IgG was significantly reduced, but the two abnormalities were not
      necessarily concomitant. These findings may suggest a disturbance in the
      secretory immune system, and immunologic defect even when the cancer is localized
      to the breast.

PMID- 1203851
TI  - Proliferative kinetics of central nervous system (CNS) leukemia.
AB  - The proliferative kinetics of the leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
      were studied in three adults with CNS leukemia after 18 and 8 months while
      receiving an intensive treatment regimen. One (J.L.) had acute myeloblastic
      leukemia and developed CNS disease after 5 years' treatment with
      arabinosylcytosine and 6-thioguanine. All were in marrow remission at the time of
      study. G.H. had had no therapy for CNS disease, A.K. had had intrathecal
      methotrexate 2 months previously, and J.L. had recently completed radiotherapy
      (1900 R) to the head. An Ommaya reservoir was placed in a lateral ventricle and
      3H-thymidine was injected into the resrvoir every 12 hours for 10 days; samples
      of cells were obtained by lumbar puncture periodically for autoradiography. In
      all patients the flash 3H-thymidine labeling index (LI) of the leukemic cells was
      less than 2% (determined in vitro) and the mitotic index less than 0.1%. After 10
      days of 3H-thymidine injections in vivo, the LIs of the leukemic cells were 55%,
      36%, and 21% in G.H., A.K., and J.L., respectively. These findings indicate that
      leukemic cells may proliferate very slowly in the CNS, and stress the difficulty
      of eradicating CNS leukemia with chemotherapeutic agents which are only active
      against proliferating cells.

PMID- 1203852
TI  - Extraskeletal neoplasm resembling Ewing's sarcoma.
AB  - This article reviews the pathologic features and the behavior of 39 small, round,
      or oval cell sarcomas occurring in the soft tissues and considered histologically
      indistinguishable from Ewing's sarcoma of bone. The tumors affected chiefly young
      adults (median age 20 years) and most commonly involved the soft tissues of the
      lower extremity and the paravertebral region. Microscopically, they consisted of
      solidly packed small, round, or ovoid cells of great uniformity, arranged in
      sheets or lobules separated by strands of fibrous connective tissue. The nucleus
      of the tumor cells contained finely divided chromatin, a distinct nuclear
      membrane, and frequently a minute nucleolus. The scanty ill-defined cytoplasm
      contained varying amounts of glycogen. Sometimes the histologic picture was
      dominated by a "peritheliomatous" pattern, or by large areas of necrosis or
      hemorrhage. Followup data ranging from 1 month to 14 years were available in 35
      of the 39 cases (93%). Of these, 13 were alive  and 22 had died. In the majority
      of the fatal cases, the clinical course was rapid; metastatic lesions developed
      within a few months after the primary tumor was excised. The lungs and the
      skeleton were the two most common sites of metastasis. Cure may be achieved by
      wide local excision of the tumor at an early stage of the disease, combined with
      radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

PMID- 1203853
TI  - Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide for advanced breast
      cancer.
AB  - Fifty-five consecutive women with advanced breast cancer were treated with a
      combination of adriamycin (40 mg/m2 administered intravenously on day 1) and
      cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2/day given orally in divided doses for 4 days on days
      3-6). Courses were repeated at 21-28-day intervals. The mean age for the 55
      patients was 55 years (range, 37-77 years); 20% of the patients were 65 years or
      older. All patients were evaluable. Objective response (at least a 50% decrease
      in the size of all measurable lesions lasting for at least 1 month) was noted in
      40 (80%) of the 50 patients who received an adequate trial of chemotherapy (a
      minimum of two courses). Six of the 40 responses observed were complete. The
      median duration of response was 10 months. Actuarial survival for the entire
      group of 55 patients was 80% at 6 months after initiating chemotherapy and 70% at
      12 months. Survival for the 40 responding patients was 95% at 6 months and 80% at
      12 months. Response rates by site of involvement were: soft tissue, 20/25 (80%);
      lymph node, 15/19 (79%); bone, 21/25 (84%); lung, 15/18 (83%); pleural effusion,
      6/8 (75%); and liver, 7/10 (70%). Eighty-three percent of the responses were
      apparent after two courses of treatment and 98% were apparent after four courses.
      Toxicity was acceptable and included nausea, myelosuppression, alopecia, and
      reversible congestive heart failure (in 2 patients who received 550 mg/m2 of
      adriamycin). Chemotherapy with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide proved to be safe
      and effective for out-patient treatment of advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 1203854
TI  - Comparison of prednisolone, vincristine, methotrexate, and 6-mercaptopurine vs.
      vincristine and prednisone induction therapy in childhood acute leukemia.
AB  - This was designed to compare vincristine-prednisone (VP) vs. prednisolone,
      vincristine, methotrexate, and 6-mercaptopurine (POMP) with respect to response
      rates and toxicity for induction therapy in acute leukemia. Children with acute
      lymphoblastic, acute undifferentiated, or acute stem cell leukemia were
      stratified on the basis of initial leukocyte count and age, then randomly
      assigned to POMP or VP induction therapy. On the POMP regime, 19/34 (56%)
      achieved complete remission (CR), 7 achieved partial remission (PR), and 5 did
      not respond (NR). Three died prior to day 25 of the study. On the VP regime,
      37/39 (95%) had CR, and 2 NR. On the VP regime neither sepsis nor toxicity were
      significant problems. The POMP regime had a higher incidence of sepsis and other
      toxicities frequently causing therapy interruption, but not enequivocally causing
      the poor response rate. Several other factors were evaluated as possible causes
      for the lack of response to POMP therapy.

PMID- 1203855
TI  - An analysis of a multiple-drug program in the treatment of patients with advanced
      breast cancer utilizing 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone with or
      without vincristine.
AB  - Ninety patients with advanced breast cancer received a polychemotherapeutic
      program composed of 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone with or
      without vincristine as a control group in a series of four consecutive Phase II
      clinical trials of new drug programs. Objective regression rates were 59% without
      vincristine and 46% with vincristine. Projected mean length of regressions
      exceeds 1 year. Site of dominant disease, disease-free interval, or performance
      scale score (if score was 0, 1, or 2, ECOG scale) failed to influence response
      rates; decreasing response rates were noted as the length of time increased after
      menopause. No advantage existed in patients experiencing severe myelosuppression
      (nadir leukocyte count of less than 1,500/mm), and appreciable response rates
      occurred without significant myelosuppression. The addition of vincristine to the
      regimen failed to increase the response rates, and only increased toxicity. The
      program as outlined is reasonably tolerable and effective for this group of
      patients with advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 1203856
TI  - The response of the local immunoglobulin system to malignant lesions of the
      stomach. A new diagnostic test.
AB  - The response of the local secretory immunoglobulin system to tumor antigens was
      studied in 71 patients suspected of harboring a gastric malignancy. Gastric
      aspirates were obtained by fiberoptic endoscopy and measured on single radial
      immunodiffusion plates (Behring Diagnostics). Patients with malignant neoplasms
      of the stomach were divided into Type I and Type II lesions, based on the extent
      and stage of the disease. Secretory IgA titers were elevated in all patients with
      a Type I malignant tumor confirmed by histologic examination; mean 6.1 mg/100 (SD
      +/- 3.7 mg/100). This leads us to believe that  the host's response to malignant
      cells of the gastrointestinal system is an altered and elevated secretion of IgA.
      Evaluation of local immunoglobulin titers may be of value when used in
      conjunction with other diagnostic modalities in determining the nature of
      gastrointestinal lesions, particularly when the lesion is not metastatic or
      massively involving the gastric wall.

PMID- 1203857
TI  - CEA levels in patients with colorectal polyps.
AB  - Preoperative plasma CEA levels were measured in 93 selected patients with
      histologically defined colorectal adenomata removed at fibroptic colonoscopy in
      order to determine whether CEA levels are elevated in patients with colonic
      polyps, or vary with different histologic patterns. None of the patients had
      inflammatory bowel disease, previous history of carcinoma, or evidence of liver
      disease. Fifteen percent of the patients had elevated CEA levels (greater than or
      equal to 2.5 ng/ml; Hansen method), and two-thirds of these were between 2.5 and
      4.0 ng/ml. Increased association of elevated CEA levels was noted with old age,
      villous adenomas (2- to 4-fold), and increased tumor size (greater than 2.3-cm
      diameter; 2-fold), but not with foci of dysplasia or carcinoma in situ as such.
      One-half (7/14) of the patients with elevated CEA levels showed the following:
      two patients had villous tumors with carcinoma in situ, one had a villous
      adenoma, two had mixed villous and tubular adenomas (with a high proportion of
      villous pattern), and two were subsequently shown to have carcinoma elsewhere in
      the colon. It is uncertain that the polyps were the source of the elevated
      circulating CEA levels; other factors including smoking and patient selection
      need to be considered. This preliminary study suggests that patients with
      colorectal adenomata and elevated circulating CEA may be at higher risk for the
      development of carcinoma. Further follow-up studies of the malignant potential of
      the polyp-bearing colon are essential.

PMID- 1203858
TI  - Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine arising in Crohn's disease. Demonstration
      of a tumor-associated antigen in invasive and intraepithelial components.
AB  - A segment of small intestine surgically removed from a man with intestinal
      obstruction was found to have coexisting regional enteritis and an invasive
      adenocarcinoma associated with an area of intraepithelial neoplasia. The cells of
      the adenocarcinoma and the intraepithelial neoplasia contained a tumor-associated
      surface antigen capable of reacting with an antiserum prepared against a colonic
      carcinoma. The importance of thorough sampling of specimens of regional enteritis
      in accurate reporting of the incidence of carcinoma is stressed, as is the use of
      immunohistologic techniques as an adjunct to the morphologic diagnosis of
      preinvasive neoplasia.

PMID- 1203859
TI  - End results of radiation therapy, alone and combination with 5-fluorouracil in
      colorectal cancers.
AB  - The authors retrospectively analyzed the results of irradiation in 148 cases of
      primary inoperable and recurrent adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum treated
      at the Department of Radiation Therapy, Roswell Park Memorial Institute between
      1962 and 1970. This group includes 95 recurrences and 53 inoperable primaries.
      Uninterrupted radiotherapy was used in 118 cases and split-course technique in 30
      cases. Eleven patients received combined radiotherapy and surgery. Seventy-eight
      patients received a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and irradiation. The
      response rate and survival of individual groups is discussed in detail. This
      study indicated that perineal recurrences should receive whole pelvic irradiation
      in addition to perineum field. Split-course technique appeared to yield a better
      survival than the uninterrupted course. The best 5-year survival rate (64%) is
      found in the group treated with a combination of radiation and surgery. For
      locally advanced, inoperable cancers, split-course technique, combined 5-FU and
      irradiation gave the best results, achieving longer palliation with improved
      quality of life and sometimes yielding cure (5-year survival).

PMID- 1203860
TI  - Lymphographic demonstration of cyclic changes in lymph node size during Pel
      Epstein fever.
AB  - Pel-Epstein fever cycles, consisting of 1-2 weeks of high fever separated by
      afebrile periods of the same duration, are classically characteristic of
      Hodgkin's disease. Clinical observation has determined that the lymph nodes
      enlarge during periods of fever and reduce in size as the fever subsides. To our
      knowledge, the waxing and waning of lymph nodes in tempo with the fever cycle in
      Hodgkin's disease have never before been documented by lymphography. The
      alterations we verified radiographically resemble cyclic swings in classic
      autoimmune diseases. Speculations are offered regarding the observed changes.

PMID- 1203861
TI  - Primary malignant melanocytic tumors of the sympathetic ganglia, with an
      ultrastructural study of one.
AB  - Three cases of melanocytic tumors arising in the sympathetic chain were studied.
      A metastasis from one of them was studied with electron microscopy. Both light
      and electron microscopy demonstrated the presence in these tumors of true
      melanogenesis and autophagic activity in melanocytes as well as phagocytosis of
      mature melanin by associated histiocytes. Review of the embryology, biochemistry
      and in vitro culture of sympathetic nervous tissue showed a close relationship
      between it and pigmented cells in other parts of the body which are also derived
      from neural crest. These findings support the clinical and morphological
      conclusion that these rare pigmented tumors are true melanocytic tumors
      originating from the sympathetic chain. The malignant potential of these tumors
      is emphasized by the fact that the two patients who survived initial surgery
      later died of metastatic disease.

PMID- 1203863
TI  - Prognosis in breast cancer utilizing histologic characteristics of the primary
      tumor.
AB  - A study was made of the inter-relationships and prognostic significance of
      structural characteristics found in primary breast cancers and their associated
      axillary lymph nodes. The prognostically favorable characteristics included the
      following. For the primary tumor: nuclear differentiation of the cancer cells,
      diffuse lymphoid cell infiltrations (LI) and perivenous lymphoid cell
      infiltrations (PVI). For the axillary lymph nodes: sinus histiocytosis (SH).
      Perivenous lymphoid cell infiltrations (PVI) in the primary tumor are found to be
      as important a prognostic factor as SH in the axillary lymph nodes; these two
      characteristics are found to be positively associated. Evaluation of the nuclear
      grade (NG), LI, and PVI in the primary tumor allows for the definition of
      association with cancer cells having a low (anaplastic) nuclear grade, and to be
      positively associated with follicular hyperplasia (FH) in the lymph nodes. We
      also found a positive association between the cellular responses to areas of in
      situ carcinoma and the cellular responses to accompanying invasive breast breast
      cancer tissue. They also provide a prognostic system for classifying breast
      cancer patients on the basis of the microscopic characteristics of the primary
      tumor and surrounding breast tissue. The latter system should be of value in
      comparing the therapeutic benefits of various treatments.

PMID- 1203862
TI  - Induction of pulmonary metastases in both immune and nonimmune mice. Effect of
      the removal of a transplanted primary tumor.
AB  - In mice bearing a benzypyrene-induced fibrosarcoma tumor, the survival was
      determined of intravenously injected tumor cells at various intervals after
      previous immunization of experimental animals by induction and subsequent
      excision of a transplanted primary tumor in the soft tissues of the leg. Seven
      days after induction of a transplanted primary tumor, I.V. tumor cells produced
      fewer pulmonary metastases in immunized mice than in nonimmunized mice. When
      tumor cells were inoculated I.V. immediately following amputation of the
      transplanted primary tumor, the number of pulmonary metastases in the immunized
      and nonimmunized animals were similar; however, 6 hours, 7 days and 14 days after
      primary tumor excision, I.V. inoculated tumor cells produced a higher incidence
      of lung metastases in the immunized than in the nonimmunized mice. This increased
      survival of I.V. tumor cells following excision of the transplanted primary tumor
      may have relevance to the development of metastases after eradication of certain
      primary tumors in humans.

PMID- 1203864
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen in 228 patients with carcinoma of the lung.
AB  - Two hundred and twenty-eight patients who were treated for carcinoma of the lung
      were followed and their plasma CEA levels assessed at intervals during the course
      of the disease. In addition, plasma samples were taken from 487 healthy blood 
      donors for comparison as a control. CEA assay is not selective or specific
      enough, at this time, to be used for screening purposes even though 68% of the
      patients who have lung cancer will have an elevated concentration of CEA
      regardless of the histological cell type. In patients with plasma levels of CEA
      above 15 ng/ml the prognosis is uniformly poor. CEA in the author's view does
      have value as a prognostic marker capable of suggesting the successful resection
      of a tumor and to a lesser degree confirming the clinical objective response to
      the radiotherapy or chemotherapy. It was found that the presence of CEA was not
      necessarily related to the volume of the tumor or the site of organ metastasis,
      but reflects the metabolic properties and characteristics of the individual tumor
      as it occurs in the patient.

PMID- 1203865
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in the bone marrow.
AB  - Tumor involvement of the bone marrow in patients with Hodgkin's disease may be
      suspected in the presence of other manifestations of advanced disease such as
      fever, lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, mixed cellular histologic type, or Stage III
      or IV disease by other clinical parameters. It occurs more frequently in the
      older age groups. When anemia, leucopenia, and/or thrombocytopenia are present
      and are unrelated to recent bone marrow suppressant chemotherapy, marrow
      involvement is likely to be present. Bone marrow examination, done by multiple
      trephine biopsies, provides an adequate sampling of tissue and results in a high
      incidence of detection of involvement by Hodgkin's disease. This manifestation of
      Hodgkin's disease is associated with a relatively short survival. Aggressive
      combination chemotherapy is necessary to produce a significant remission.

PMID- 1203866
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in childhood.
AB  - A retrospective study of 116 children with Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in the
      period 1935-1970 was undertaken to assess the prognostic role of histopathologic
      classiciation and clinical extent of the disease. The ages of the 80 boys and 36
      girls ranged from 2.5 years to 15.0 years (mean, 10.0 years). The histopathologic
      diagnosis by lymph node biopsy revealed lymphocyte predominance in 22, nodular
      sclerosis in 67, mixed cellularity in 24, and lymphocyte depletion in 3. Within
      the subgroup of nodular sclerosis, 47 biopsies had classic well-developed
      collagenous bands, whereas 20 were in the cellular phase (10 without collagenous
      bands and 10 with minimal collagen). The clinical extent of disease was
      determined. There were 33 patients with Stage I disease, 38 with Stage IIA, 12
      with Stage IIB, 24 with Stage III, and 9 with Stage IV. Survival correlated with
      histopathologic type and clinical stage, but not with age or sex. Survival was
      not dependent on the degree of collagenization in nodular sclerosis. There were
      28 patients who survived for more than 10 years. Four of these 29 subsequently
      died owing to acute myelomonocytic leukemia, carcinoma of the breast, sepsis, and
      progression of Hodgkin's disease, respectively. Neoplasms developed in two other
      long-term survivors (thyroid carcinoma in one, and multiple basal cell carcinomas
      in the other).

PMID- 1203867
TI  - Disseminated melanoma with unique unilateral distribution.
AB  - This is a case report of extensive metastases of dermal and subcutaneous
      malignant melanomas limited to the right side of the body, with the left side
      remaining singularly free of any evidence of tumor. The primary melanoma, which
      had been excised 7 years before the development of metastases, existed on the
      posterior aspect of the chest, slightly to the right of the midline. This is the
      only case of its kind noted.

PMID- 1203868
TI  - Features of prognostic significance in solid ovarian teratoma.
AB  - The morphology of 20 ovarian tumors reported as solid teratomas is reviewed and
      correlated with their clinical behavior, in an attempt to select histologic
      features of prognostic significance. Utilizing a grading system quantitating
      immature tissue of embryonic origin a tendency was shown for fully mature tumors
      to follow a benign course, and for those composed predominantly of immature
      tissues to prove fatal. This method, however, was prognostically unreliable in 16
      tumors. An additional but far more important prognostic guide in this series was
      provided by extra-embryonic tissue of yolk sac origin, which was present in
      variable amounts and diverse histologic patterns; all teratomas including this
      component were fatal, frequently with evidence of extra-abdominal metastases. In
      certain circumstances, immature embryonic teratomas were associated with
      widespread peritoneal implants, causing death from intestinal obstruction and
      recurrent ascites. It is important when considering prognosis and therapy to
      realize the metastatic potential of extra-embryonic elements in teratomas, as
      distinct from the tendency of immature embryonic components to implant locally
      and mature into noninvasive deposits, which may be amenable to surgery.

PMID- 1203869
TI  - Excess occurrence of cancer of the oral cavity, lung, and bladder following
      cancer of the cervix.
AB  - The risk of developing a second cancer among white and black females with an
      initial cancer of the uterine cervix or corpus has been estimated based on the
      experience of the Charity Hospital of Louisiana Tumor Registry, a participant of
      the End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute. Observed second primary
      cancers were compared to expected numbers in order to obtain a direct estimate of
      risk. White females having an initial cancer of the cervix had a 5-to-6-fold
      excess risk of developing a subsequent cancer of the oral pharynx, lung or
      bladder during the first 5 years following their initial cancer with no excess
      risk for developing subsequent cancer of the breast or large intestine, but a
      slight excess risk for developing subsequent cancer of the ano-rectum. There was
      a 7% excess risk among both whites and blacks with initial cancer of the corpus
      uteri of subsequently developing another cancer.

PMID- 1203871
TI  - Benign metastasizing uterine leiomyoma. Multiple lymph nodal metastases.
AB  - A case of histologically benign lymph nodal metastases from a uterine leiomyoma
      in a 27-year-old woman is reported. It is postulated that fragments of a
      leiomyoma, detached at the time of endometrial curettage, entered dilated
      lymphatic channels in or adjacent to a large projecting submucous leiomyoma, and
      seeded several pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes. During an interval of 8 years,
      these grew slowly and did not infiltrate the perinodal tissues or give rise to
      secondary metastases.

PMID- 1203870
TI  - Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. V. Intravenous leiomyomatosis. A clinical and
      pathologic study of 14 cases.
AB  - Fourteen examples of intravenous leiomyomatosis in the FIP files were studied.
      Growth beyond the uterus occurred in 10 of the 14 examples, largely in vessels in
      the broad ligament and in uterine and iliac veins. Metastasis to the heart
      occurred in 1 example. The study provides evidence that is consistent with both
      theories of origin of intravenous leiomyomatosis; namely, that it may arise
      either from the wall of veins within the myometrium or be a result of unusually
      extensive vascular invasion from a leiomyoma of the myometrium. Intravenous
      leiomyomatosis should be distinguished from a leiomyoma with vascular invasion by
      arbitrarily limiting the designation of leiomyoma with vascular invasion to
      neoplasms in which the vascular growth is a microscopic finding and confined
      within the leiomyoma. Criteria are given for distinguishing intravenous
      leiomyomatosis from endometrial stromal sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, leiomyoma with
      vascular invasion, and leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata.

PMID- 1203872
TI  - Unusual intracardiac tumor in a child. Inflammatory pseudotumor or
      "granulomatous" variant of myxoma?
AB  - An intracardiac tumor arising in the right atrium of a young child is reported.
      Morphologically, the lesion was reminiscent of "plasma cell granulomas," but
      unprecedented in this location. Based on clinical manifestations, laboratory
      findings, histologic and ultrastructural characteristics of the mass, the
      speculation is put forth that this lesion may represent a cardiac myxoma with
      atypical structural features. An extension of this proposal is a pathogenetic
      sequence that would try to reconcile the complex clinical course of some myxomas
      with the described structural observations. Alternative choices for
      classification of the lesion are also given consideration.

PMID- 1203873
TI  - Incidence, mortality or prevalence as indicators of the cancer problem.
AB  - The magnitude of the cancer problem, as conveyed by the incidence, mortality and
      prevalence figures, was studied by analysis of the material of the Finnish Cancer
      Registry from 1953-1970. The prevalence was defined as the number of persons who
      had cancer, or had ever had cancer, and were living on December 31, 1970. The
      incidence and mortality of cancer in males exceeded those in respect of females,
      whereas the prevalence with females was clearly higher than that with males.
      According to all 3 indices, the commonest site of cancer was in the lungs in
      males. In females, cancer of the breast was the commonest malignant neoplasm
      measured by incidence and prevalence, where as in mortality statistics it was
      second to cancer of the stomach. Cancers with poor prognosis such as cancer of
      the lung, stomach, pancreas and esophagus, and leukemia, exhibited relatively low
      prevalence figures, whereas cancers with good prognosis, such as cancer of the
      breast, uterus, larynx and lip, showed relatively large numbers of prevalent
      cases. In females, cancer of the genitals, including the breasts, constituted
      nearly as may prevalent cases as did the total figure in males. As the 3 cancer
      indices measure different things, the nature of the index used should be taken
      into account in evaluation of the magnitude of the cancer problem.

PMID- 1203874
TI  - Hemangiopericytoma. A clinicopathologic study and long-term followup of 60
      patients.
AB  - The clinical courses of 60 patients with hemangiopericytoma of the somatic soft
      tissues are summarized in this retrospective study. The tumors were subjected to
      a comparative histologic review and classified as benign (12 lesions), borderline
      malignant (16 lesions), and malignant (32 lesions). Tumors with 1 mitotic figure
      per 10 high-power field and moderate cellular anaplasia or 1 mitotic figure per
      20 high-power fields and moderate cellular anaplasia may be expected to follow a
      malignant clinical course. Six of the 16 tumors with these microscopic features
      (borederline lesions) metastasized (37.5%), and 6 exhibited local recurrences
      after excision. Of the 32 malignant tumors, 25 (78%) metastasized. Twenty-three
      patients with malignant tumors were followed for more than 5 years or until death
      from tumor, and only one patient was alive and free of disease. Fifteen of the 23
      patients experienced one of more local recurrences. None of the benign tumors
      metastasized. Surgical ablation of hemangiopericytioma is, in our experience, the
      only satisfactory method of treatment. Amputation of an extremity need be done
      only when the location of the lesion precludes a wide local excision. Local
      recurrent tumor was experienced by 22 patients after an inadequate local
      excision. Long-term follow-up is recommended because metastasis became apparent
      in 11% of patients with malignant tumors and 7% with borderline tumors after 5
      "disease-free" years.

PMID- 1203875
TI  - Breast cancer screening. Preliminary report of 207 biopsies performed in 4, 128
      volunteer screenees.
AB  - Thirty-six carcinomas of the breast were pathologically verified in the first 207
      biopsies performed to date on women attending the Breast Cancer Detection Center
      at The University of Cincinnati. Fifty-three percent of these have been minimal
      breast cancer, 14 being totally in situ. This is compared with a similar number
      of breast biopsies performed prior to the opening of the Breast Cancer Project.
      In the latter group of cases there were 45 carcinomas  proven, only 1 of which
      was in situ, 24 of which were invasive Stage I and 20 Stage II or higher. In
      addition, 65 biopsies demonstrated proliferative disease of varying degrees of
      severity as compared to a total of 13 in the non screened population.

PMID- 1203876
TI  - The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum.
AB  - The malignant potential of adenomas of the colon and rectum varies with size,
      histological type and grade of epithelial atypia. The adenomatous polyp is
      usually small and has a low malignant potential, whereas tumors with a villous
      structure are usually larger and have a much higher cancer rate. Severe atypia is
      more common in villous adenomas than in adenomatous polyps. Evidence is presented
      which suggests that most cancers of the colon and rectum have evolved through the
      polyp-cancer sequence although the majority of adenomas do not becoma cancerous
      during a normal adult life span. The slow evolution of the polyp-cancer sequence
      is stressed. The implications of the polyp-cancer sequence for the design of
      cancer prevention programmes and the study of the aetiology of large bowel cancer
      are discussed.

PMID- 1203877
TI  - A metastasising ameloblastoma associated with renal calculi and hypercalcaemia.
AB  - A young male had an assumed dentigerous cyst marsupialized and later a recurrent
      ameloblastoma resected. Eleven years later he was admitted with renal stones and
      hypercalcemia and metastases of the ameloblastoma in the left lung were
      discovered. Death occurred as a result of spinal and hepatic spread of his tumor
      and thrombosis of the renal veins. Renal calcification was demonstrated. The
      possible causes of the hypercalcaemia which was not associated with a raised
      serum parathormone or affected by parathyroidectomy is discussed.

PMID- 1203878
TI  - Letter: Combination chemotherapy using agents with limited effectiveness.

PMID- 1203879
TI  - Survival and phase sensitivity of HeLa cells treated with dianhydrogalactitol
      (NSC-132313).
AB  - The effect of dianhydrogalactitol on survival and phase sensitivity of the cell
      cycle of HeLa cells was studied. In survival experiments no cells survived when
      the drug was added and left in contact with the cells at or above a dose of 0.7
      mug/ml. Cells synchronized by the mitotic-selection method showed changing
      sensitivity to the drug during the cell cycle. G, late-S, and M phases were more
      sensitive to dianhydrogalactitol than the early-S and G phases. The DNA synthetic
      phase was divided into an early low sensitive and a late highly sensitive stage.
      The different sensitivity of mid-G and early-S phases was further established in
      separate survival experiments. Cells treated in G phase entered M phase in a
      manner similar to untreated control cells, while the progress of cells in S or G
      phase during treatment was delayed significantly. Lack of phase specificity of
      this drug is consistent with that of other alkylating agents. Changing
      sensitivity during some phases of the cell cycle proves that some metabolic
      events are especially sensitive to this particular drug.

PMID- 1203880
TI  - Comparative studies of cyclocytidine (NSC-145668) and cytosine arabinoside (NSC
      63878) in mice.
AB  - The distribution of cyclocytidine and cytosine arabinoside has been studied in
      normal BDF mice and in mice bearing 6-day solid L1210 lymphocytic leukemia by
      whole-body radioautography, bioassay, and radiochemical techniques. Radioactivity
      was widely distributed throughout the tissues between 15 minutes and 12 hours
      after a single intravenous dose of either cyclocytidine-2-14C or cytosine
      arabinoside-2-14C. Whole-body radioautograms demonstrated that for most tissues,
      cytosine arabinoside-derived 14C was uniformly excreted by 48 hours;
      cyclocytidine-derived 14C, however, was localized in certain tissues as early as
      15 minutes after drug administration and was retained in these sites for 48
      hours. Depot loci of 14C included salivary and adrenal glands, fat, cardiac
      muscle, gastrointestinal tract, and L1210 tumor. The distribution and persistence
      of cyclocytidine-derived radioactivity is consistent with other reports of
      toxicity induced by the drug in these tissues. Radiochromatography and bioassay
      data from BDF mice dosed intraperitoneally with cyclocytidine demonstrated that
      65%-95% of the 14C-radioactivity in a number of tissues was the parent compound
      itself. Thus, cyclocytidine contributed in large measur to the generation of the
      radioautograms. This study demonstrates that the retention of cyclocytidine in
      body tissues may serve to effect the sustained release of the deaminase-resistant
      chemotherapeutic drug from these depot sites and thus prolong cytotoxic levels of
      drug in tumor tissue.

PMID- 1203881
TI  - Microbiologic assay for cytosine arabinoside (NSC-63878): the use of a mutant of
      streptococcus faecium var. durans resistant to methotrexate (NSC-740) and 6
      mercaptopurine (NSC-755).
AB  - Cytosine arabinoside has been shown to be effective in the treatment of acute
      leukemias and lymphomas, especially in combination with other established
      anticancer agents such as methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine, and 6-thioguanine. A
      microbiologic assay capable of detecting cytosine arabinoside in the presence of
      such anticancer agents in body fluids has been developed using a strain of
      Streptococcus faecium var. durans resistant to methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine;
      the assay can also be used to determine cytosine arabinoside concentrations in
      the presence of l-thioguanine. In view of the present trend toward drug
      combinations, including those using tetrahydrouridine, in the chemotherapy for
      human neoplasms, the proposed assay method will be valuable in cytosine
      arabinoside distribution studies.

PMID- 1203882
TI  - Mutiple myeloma resistant to melphalan (NSC-8806) treated with cyclophosphamide
      (NSC-26271), prednisone (NSC-10023), and chloroquine (NSC-187208).
AB  - A prospective randomized study of the effects of two different therapeutic
      regimens was conducted in 41 patients with multiple myeloma resistant to therapy
      with melphalan. The results of treatment with cyclophosphamide plus prednisone
      were compared with those of cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and chloroquine.
      Chloroquine, which inhibits the repair process of DNA in animals, has reportedly
      produced responses to alkylating agents to which the animal had been resistant.
      No significant differences in response to the doses used with either regimen
      could be found. Toxocity consisted mainly of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

PMID- 1203883
TI  - Unorthodox therapy for murine neuroblastoma with 6-hydroxydopamine (NSC-233898),
      bretylium tosylate (NSC-62164), papaverine (NSC-35443), and butyric acid (NSC
      8415).

PMID- 1203884
TI  - Phase II study of chromomycin A3 (NSC-58514) in advanced colorectal carcinoma.

PMID- 1203885
TI  - Antitumor activity in Pimelia simplex.

PMID- 1203886
TI  - Studies on the antitumor activity of gallium nitrate (NSC-15200) and other group
      IIIa metal salts.
AB  - Several group IIIa metal salts, eg, aluminum nitrate, gallium nitrate, indium
      nitrate, and thallium chloride, have been evaluated for in vivo toxicity in mice
      and rats, for cytotoxicity in tumor cells in vitro, and for activity against a
      broad spectrum of experimental rodent tumors. The position of these agents in the
      periodical table roughly parallels their toxicity, the LD50s decreasing with
      increasing atomic weights. This parallel also exists with regard to in vitro
      cytotoxicity to Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells. Although all of the metal salts
      had activity against the ascites Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, they were ineffective
      in ascites leukemias, plasma cell tumors, or Ehrlich carcinoma. Gallium nitrate
      was particularly active against solid tumors transplanted subcutaneously,
      suppressing the growth of six of eight tumors more than 90%. Because of its
      demonstrated antitumor activity in rodents and its uptake and concentration by
      various animal and human tumors, gallium nitrate has potential usefulness in the
      treatment of solid tumors in man and has been entered into a phase I study at the
      National Cancer Institute.

PMID- 1203887
TI  - Coordination complexes of platinum as antitumor agents.
AB  - Rosenberg and VanCamp first reported the bacteriostatic and antitumor properties
      of certain platinum coordination compounds. This pioneering work has led to the
      synthesis and testing of a large number of related platinum products and the
      clinical use of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II). This drug has proven very
      efficacious against a wide variety of mouse tumors when employed as the sole
      chemotherapeutic agent and has also been combined successfully with other
      antitumor agents, such as cyclophosphamide and cytosine arabinsoide.
      Unfortunately, cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) has a low therapeutic index with
      renal toxicity being the principal limitation of its use. This has prompted the
      synthesis and testing of many related platinum compounds, of which cis
      dichlorobiscyclopentylamine-platinum (II) and the "platinum blues" appear most
      promising. Experience in the synthesis, purification, and testing of such
      products will be discussed together with identification of outstanding unsolved
      problems in this area.

PMID- 1203888
TI  - Biologic and chemical effects of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (NSC-119875)
      on DNA.

PMID- 1203890
TI  - Inhibition of Deamination of Arabinosylcytosine (NSC-63878) by Rhodium(II)
      Acetate.
AB  - The nobel metal "cage" complex, rhodium(II) acetate, was found to inhibit the
      deamination of the fraudulent nucleoside, arabinosylcytosine. Potent inhibition
      of a purified cytidine deaminase from mouse kidney was observed when either
      cytidine or arabinosylcytosine was used as substrate.

PMID- 1203889
TI  - Clinical studies of Platinum Coordination compounds in the treatment of various
      malignant diseases.
AB  - Following the prior work of Rosenberg et al, Rosenberg and VanCamp, and Speer et
      al, we started clinical trials with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in April
      1971. Marked tumor regression was noted in several malignant diseases in these
      initial clinical studies which were reported at the Chemotherapy Congress in
      Prague, August 1971. At the present time over 178 patients have been treated
      wihhis durg for a variety of malignant conditions. Approximately half of these
      patients received the platinum compound alone and the other half received it in
      combination with four other chemotherapeutic agents...

PMID- 1203891
TI  - Action of Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (NSC-119875) at ehe cellular level.
AB  - Asynchronous human lymphoma cells treated for 1 hour with increasing
      concentrations of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) revealed a marked decrease in
      survival as estimated by the colony-forming technique. When the treatmentwas
      extended for 8 hours at a concentration of 5micrograms/ml, a killing effect
      (greater than 3 log decades) was observed which was similar to that obtained when
      50micrograms/ml is incubated with the cells for 1 hour. This finding suggests
      that better antitumor effects with fewer toxic effects may be obtained clinically
      by prolonged infusion of low doses of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II).
      Synchronized lymphoma cells showed no significant degree of cell-cycle-stage
      sensitivity to cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II). The drug kills cells with
      similar efficiency in all stages of the cell cycle. No killing effect was
      elicited after incubation of the cells with spironolactone, a compound said to
      protect the kidneys from the toxic effects of heavy metals. However, simultaneous
      incubation of spironolactone and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) did not
      prevent the lethal action of the second drug. If spironolactone is proven to be
      an inhibitor of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) nephrotoxicity, it will become
      a valuable addition to the treatment of human neoplasia with this platinum
      compound. Lymphoma cells given a "priming" dose of 10 micrograms/ml of cis
      dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) failed to repair the induced damage. A second
      exposure to 10 micrograms/ml of the drug at various subsequent intervals elicited
      greater killing effect than that produced by 20 micrograms/ml given at one time.
      A clear synergistic effect was noted when cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) was
      given simultaneously with camptothecin or BCNU. The molecular mechanism by which
      this effect is accomplished is not presently apparent.

PMID- 1203893
TI  - Myocardial infarction in a 27-year-old woman: possible complication of treatemtn
      with VP-16-213 (NSC-141540), mediastinal irradiation, or both.

PMID- 1203894
TI  - Should the diverse biologic activity of effective antitumor agents be considered
      a hindrance to their clinical use?

PMID- 1203892
TI  - Evaluation of sialogogic action of cyclocytidine (NSC-145668) and anhydro-ara-5
      fluorocytidine (NSC-166641).

PMID- 1203895
TI  - Editorial: Combination chemotherapy for breast cancer.

PMID- 1203896
TI  - Synergistic interaction of anticancer agents: a cellular perspective.

PMID- 1203897
TI  - Differential sensitivity of colony-forming cells of hemopoietic tissue, Lewis
      lung carcinoma, and B16 melanoma to three nitrosoureas.
AB  - A comparison has been made of the effects of three nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU, and
      methyl-CCNU) on the cells of Lewis lung carcinoma and B16 melanoma in vivo using
      a new in vitro method for assaying colony-forming cells. In addition, the effect
      on early hemopoietic precursors has been studied using the in vivo spleen colony
      assay and the in vitro agar colony assay. The results show that the three
      nitrosoureas are selective against Lewis lung carcinoma and B16 melanoma relative
      to normal hemopoietic precursors. Furthermore, the effect of these nitrosoureas
      is unchanged when the rate of proliferation of the hemopoietic precursor cells is
      increased.

PMID- 1203898
TI  - Antitumor activity of amygdalin MF (NSC-15780) as a single agent and with beta
      glucosidase (NSC-128056) on a spectrum of transplantable rodent tumors.
AB  - Experiments are described in which four transplantable rodent tumors (L1210
      lymphoid leukemia, P388 lymphocytic leukemia, B16 melanoma, and Walker 256
      carcinosarcoma) were used to investigate the antitumor activity of amygdalin MF.
      Amygdalin MF was given alone and in combination with beta-glucosidase which was
      administered 1/2 hour prior to amygdalin MF, starting 24 hours after tumor
      implantation. No antitumor activity was observed in any of the four tumor systems
      tested with the drug alone or in combined therapy. The combined therapy showed
      potentiation of toxicity with doses of amygdalin MF greater than or equal to 100
      mg/kg.

PMID- 1203899
TI  - Inhibition of antilymphoma allograft response in normal and lethally irradiated
      mice by cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) and isophosphamide (NSC-109724).
AB  - Cyclophosphamide and isophosphamide (an analog) were tested for their effect on
      the antilymphoma allograft reaction in normal and lethally irradiated mice. Both
      drugs were effective in abrogating the classic allograft response if given 1 or 3
      days before the tumor challenge. While the drugs also inhibited the hemopoietic
      histocompatibily response, they were effective when adminstered 7 days before
      challenge. It is suggested that the activity of various immunosuppressive agents
      could be compared for their effect on the hemopoietic-histocompatibility system
      to select the best agent for transplantation of bone marrow or bone marrow or
      bone marrow-derived cells. Drug toxicity, as well as the effect of the drugs on
      humoral response and DNA synthesis, was also compared. While isophosphamide was
      found to be less toxic than cyclophosphamide, the effect of humoral response and
      DNA synthesis was comparable.

PMID- 1203900
TI  - Murine neuroblastoma: further evaluation of the C1300 model with single antitumor
      agents.
AB  - The murine C1300 neuroblastoma model has been evaluated as a possible model for
      children with widespread metastatic disease. Drug toxicity studies were conducted
      in adult A/J mice with various doses of antitumor agents. Adriamycin, BCNU,
      bleomycin, guanazole, acronycine, isophosphamide, DTIC, ICRF-159,
      cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and vinblastine were adminstered intraperitoneally
      to random groups of normal mice. After identification of appropriate doses,
      chemotherapy studies were conducted with varius regimens of drugs. Chemotherapy
      was administered to adult A/J mice when their subcutaneously implanted tumors
      measured 1.0-1.7 cm in diameter. Antitumor drugs can be classified into three
      groups according to drug efficacy. BCNU, cyclophosphamide, and isophosphamide
      were extremely active. Cytosine arabinoside was reported to be active against
      this murine tumor in a previous publication. Drugs with minimal activiyt which
      deserve further evaluation included adriamycin, guanazole, ICRF-159, DTIC, and
      vinblastine. Inactive drugs were acronycine, bleomycin, 5-fluorouracil, and
      vincristine. These experiments suggest that children with metastatic
      neuroblastoma may respond to cyclophosphamide, isophosphamide, and BCNU, while
      DTIC, adriamycin, ICRF-159, guanazole, and the vinca alkaloids may also be
      effective. The results suggest that agents selected by the C1300 model should be
      given adequate clinical trials.

PMID- 1203901
TI  - Preliminary observations on temperature-enhanced drug uptake by leukemic
      leukocytes in vitro.

PMID- 1203902
TI  - Synthesis of a sugar occurring in an antibiotic: ezoaminuroic acid, the first
      example of a naturally occurring 3-amino-3-deoxyhexuronic acid.

PMID- 1203903
TI  - A crystallographic determination of a chemical structure: 6-amino-10-(beta-D
      ribofuranosylamino)pyrimido-[5,4-d]pyrimidine, an example of an unusual D-ribose
      conformation.
AB  - The crystal and molecular structure of 6-amino-10-(beta-D-ribofuranosylamino)
      pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction
      methods. The crystals are triclinic, of noncentric space group Pl, with cell
      dimensions a equals 5.434 (5), b equals 12.269 (19), c equals 4.574 (4) A, alpha
      equals 92.3 (1), beta equals 94.0 (1), gamma equals 95.3 degrees (1) and Z equals
      1. The structure has been refined to an R value of 0.049 (Rw equals 0.063), by
      use of counter measured intensity data for 1063 observed reflections. The
      pyrimidopyrimidine ring is planar. The sugar moiety is in the envelope
      conformation with O-1'-endo (0E), and there is an intramolecular hydrogen bond
      (2.58 A) (O-3'-H-O3'...O-2'). All oxygen atoms except O-1' ring oxygen-atom are
      involved in hydrogen bonding. The pyrimidopyrimidine rings lie in planes 3.4 A
      apart.

PMID- 1203904
TI  - A preparative synthesis of 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-L-lyxo-hexose (daunosamine)
      hydrochloride from D-mannose.
AB  - A simple, preparative route in nine steps from methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside (1)
      is described that affords, in 40% overall yield, the title amino sugar 11, the
      sugar constituent of the antitumor antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin. The
      2,3:4,5-dibenzylidene acetal (2) of 1 is converted by butyllithium into the 2
      deoxy-3-ketone 3, whose oxime 4 is reduced with high stereoselectivity to the D
      ribo amine, isolated as its N-acetyl derivative 5 and converted by action of N
      bromosuccinimide into the 4-O-benzoyl-6-bromide 7. Dehydrohalogenation of  gives
      the 5,6-unsaturated glycoside 8, which, after O-debenzoylation to 9, undergoes
      stereospecific reduction by hydrogen with net C-5 inversion to give the
      crystalline, N-acetylated methyl beta-glycoside (10) of daunosamine, readily
      converted into daunosamine hydrochloride (11) and into the crystalline N-benzoyl
      (14) and N-acetyl(15) derivatives. No chromatographic procedures for isolation
      are required in any of the steps.

PMID- 1203905
TI  - Preparation and properties of fluorescein-labelled hyaluronate.
AB  - Hyaluronate has been labelled with fluorescein groups by two procedures. Products
      with degrees of substitution ((d.s.) between 0.05 and 0.001 were obtained.
      Physico-chemical analysis (viscometry, gel chromatography, and measurements of
      sedimentation and diffusion coefficients) of the parent compound and the products
      showed that the labelling procedures caused only a limited degradation of the
      polysaccharide.

PMID- 1203906
TI  - Effects of titanium compounds on a D-glucose-D-glucose oxidase assay system.
AB  - Titanium compounds affect the measurement of D-glucose oxidase (and therefore D
      glucose) by the D-glucose-D-glucose oxidase-peroxidase-2,2'-azinobis-(3
      ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay system. The validity of measurement
      of the activity of D-glucose oxidase immobilised on supports based on titanium
      oxides is affected by complexation of the intermediate hydrogen peroxide with the
      support, and such supports may prove to be unsuitable for the immobilisation of D
      glucose oxidase. The formation of titanic peroxides is among the reasons
      discussed for the various interactions encountered. The use of the assay system
      for the determination of D-glucose oxidase contaminated with catalase and for the
      determination of hydrogen peroxide is also described.

PMID- 1203907
TI  - [A new synthesis of cord factor, the toxic glycolipid from Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis. (Trehalose and alpha-branched, beta-hydroxylated fatty acid
      esters].

PMID- 1203908
TI  - [Cord factor and its analogs. III. Synthesis of cord factor (6,6'-di-O-mycoloyl
      alpha, alpha-trehalose) and 6,6'-di-O-palmitoyl-alpha, alpha-trehalose].

PMID- 1203909
TI  - The formation of 1,6-thioanhydrohexitols from the 1,6-di-O-mesyl derivatives of D
      mannitol and galactitol.

PMID- 1203910
TI  - Changes in left ventricular internal diameter with increasing pericardial
      pressure.
AB  - Changes in left ventricular internal diameter resulting from increasing
      intrapericardial pressure induced by increasing the pericardial fluid volume were
      studied in closed chest, anaesthetized dogs. Left ventricular internal diameters
      were measured by placing an ultrasonic dimension catheter in the left ventricle
      at the time of the experiments. With increasing pericardial pressure, significant
      increases occurred in heart rate and mean left atrial pressure. Left ventricular
      end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter progressively decreased as the
      pericardial pressure was elevated. After beta adrenergic blockade with
      propranolol (1 mg/kg), the decline in end-systolic diameter during pericardial
      tamponade was significantly reduced. These observations indicate the importance
      of the systolic reserve and the role of beta adrenergic receptors in the
      adaptation of the left ventricle to increases in pericardial tamponade.

PMID- 1203912
TI  - Quantitative analysis of the acute response to haemorrhage of the renin
      angiotensin-vasoconstrictor feedback loop in areflexic dogs.
AB  - The importance of the renin-angiotensin-vasoconstrictor system during
      haemorrhagic hypotension was quantitated in 44 areflexic dogs by determining the
      ability of the arterial pressure to recover following haemorrhage to 8.8 kPa (66
      mm Hg). In 30 animals with intact kidneys, the arterial pressure following
      haemorrhage rose to a new steady-state level averaging 11.7 kPa (88 mm Hg), which
      represented 65.3 +/- 1.8 (SE) % compensation. In 18 nephrectomized animals only
      24.4 +/- 1.5% compensation occurred. The system exhibited a relatively rapid time
      course for pressure compensation with the new steady state occurring 19.2 +/- 2.0
      min after haemorrhage. Following reinfusion of blood the pressure returned to the
      pre-haemorrhage in 19.2 +/- 3.0 min. Arterial renin activity was significantly
      elevated following haemorrhage in the intact kidney group and unchanged in the
      anephric group. The arterial pressure compensation of two animals with intact
      kidneys was significantly reduced when the angiotensin-converting enzyme
      inhibitor (SQ 20881) was infused before the haemorrhage. The results are
      consistent with a renin-angiotensin-vasoconstrictor mechanism of arterial
      pressure compensation and indicate that this mechanism possesses sufficient gain
      and time response characteristics to play a homeostatically significatn role
      during haemorrhagic hypotension.

PMID- 1203911
TI  - An evaluation of the pericardial sac as a safety factor during tamponade.
AB  - Studies were conducted in vitro to determine the permeability characteristics of
      the rabbit and dog pericardium. The hydraulic conductance (Lp), which was
      significantly higher than other tissue, was 1.6 +/- 0.19 X 10(-4) and 1.78 +/-
      0.18 X 10(-4) g-cm-2-min-1-cm H2O-1 (mean +/- SEM), respectively, for the rabbit
      and dog pericardium. For various solutes, the permeability coefficient (P) of the
      pericardium for the rabbit was: 1.40 +/- 0.10 X 10(-4) cm-s-1 for water, 0.50 +/-
      0.03 X 10(-4) cm-s-1 for glucose, and 0.73 +/- 0.005 X 10(-4) cm-s-1 for albumin.
      The reflection coefficient, sigma, for various solutes was: glucose 8.89 +/- 0.86
      X 10(-4), sucrose 15.7 +/- 1.5 X 10(-4), dextran (molecular weight 40 000) 0.39
      +/- 0.03, albumin 0.42 +/- 0.05, and for haemoglobin 0.58 +/- 0.06. These
      results, which indicate that the pericardium offers little resistance to the bulk
      transfer of liquids and to the passage of large molecules, are discussed as
      possible safety factors during pericardial effusion.

PMID- 1203913
TI  - Short-term variability of pulse rate and blood pressure in cardiac surgery
      patients.
AB  - The magnitude and mathematical nature of short-term variations of pulse rate and
      mean arterial blood pressure has been studied in 27 post-operative cardiac
      surgical patients over a continuous period of 200 min in each case. Similar
      variability was observed in all patients. Short-term variations were composed
      predominantly of a series of rhythmic changes ranging from one synchronous with
      respiration to others between 2 and 5 min in cycle length. There was consistent
      variance of the beat-by-beat values for both variables about a continuously
      updating 5 min mean. The average standard deviation was 3.75 beats/min for pulse
      rate and 0.48 kPa (3.64 mm Hg) for mean arterial blood pressure. For both
      variables the distribution about the 5-min mean did not differ significantly from
      a normal distribution in 50 out of the 54 records. These findings have
      implications for the reproducibility of current methods of estimating mean pulse
      rate and blood pressure, and the change necessary before two estimates may be
      regarded as significantly different. The results are applicable both to the
      interpretation of Ward Charts by medical staff and to automated monitoring
      systems.

PMID- 1203914
TI  - Responses to exercise in experimental hypertension.
AB  - Exaggerated cardiovascular responses to stressful stimuli and behavioural
      hyperexcitability have been observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
      The present series of experiments examined blood pressure and heart rate
      responses of SHR and renal hypertensive rats (RHR) to a combined physical and
      mental stress in the form of treadmill exercise. SHRs exhibited only slight and
      selective hyper-responsiveness to exercise in regard to increases in heart rate,
      whereas, RHRs responded normally. The excessive sensitivity of "older" SHRs is
      related mainly to slightly lower resting heart rates.

PMID- 1203915
TI  - Effects of local anaesthetics on calcium transport by canine cardiac microsomes
      (fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum).
AB  - Local anaesthetics inhibit calcium transport by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
      However, the concentrations of lidocaine and procaineamide needed to produce
      these effects are high. No significant differences were found between these
      agents that could account for reported differences in their electrophysiological
      effects.

PMID- 1203916
TI  - The effects of isoprenaline on epicardial ST-segment elevation, lactate
      production, and myocardial blood flow following coronary artery ligation.
AB  - Isoprenaline was infused at low and high rates into anaesthetized dogs after
      ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, the resultant changes
      in epicardial ST-segment elevation being compared with lactate production and
      myocardial blood flow in the infarcting myocardium. Although ST elevation was
      increased at both infusion rates, there was no change in the arterial-local
      coronary venous difference of lactate concentration nor in myocardial blood flow
      at the centre of the infarct. The results suggest that the relationship between
      epicardial ST-segment elevation and other indices of ischaemic myocardial injury
      is complex and requires further evaluation.

PMID- 1203917
TI  - Haemodynamic effects of a new anti-arrhythmic agent, mexiletine (Ko 1173) in
      ischaemic heart disease.
AB  - The haemodynamic effects of mexiletine (Ko 1173) were studied in six patients.
      Heart rate and cardiac output remained unchanged. The systemic arterial pressure
      was reduced in two patients owing to a fall in the peripheral resistance. Cardiac
      function, assessed by means of the stroke work and pulmonary capillary wedge
      pressure, was depressed in three patients, who all had a current or past history
      of severe heart failure.

PMID- 1203918
TI  - Effects of three fat-enriched diets on the arterial pressure of rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits were fed diets enriched with proprietary edible fats for 5 weeks, raising
      the fat content of their diet from 4% to 23%. The diet enriched with animal fat
      caused a 13.5% rise in arterial pressure. The diet enriched with vegetable oil
      caused an 8.5% rise in arterial pressure. The diet enriched with butter caused an
      initial rise of 10% decreasing to 6% by the fifth week. Histological examination
      of the carotid and renal arteries, and aorta revealed no changes in connective
      tissue or lipid content as compared with those of control animals. It is
      concluded that changes in arterial pressure can occur after ingestion of excess
      dietary lipid, and that these changes are not confined to any class of lipid, or
      related to its properties as an atherosclerotic agent.

PMID- 1203919
TI  - Myocardial oxygen consumption at constant left ventricular workload and varying
      arterial oxygenation.
AB  - The effect of arterial oxygen content (CaO2) changes on myocardial O2 consumption
      (MVO2) was studied in dogs with controlled heart rate, cardiac output, and
      arterial pressure. MVO2 did not change significantly as a result of systemic or
      selective left coronary CaO2 changes ranging randomly from hypoxaemia to
      hyperoxaemia.

PMID- 1203920
TI  - [Contribution of hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag) examination conducted by the
      radioimmunological method to the hemodialysis centre (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203921
TI  - [Australian antigen in puncture biopsy of the liver (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203922
TI  - [Processing results of radioimmunological assays on a computer (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1203923
TI  - [Effect of intranasal administration of inactivated influenza vaccine adinvira
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203924
TI  - [Myocardial metabolism in cardiostimulation test in patients with significant
      stenotic atherosclerosis of coronary arteries (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203925
TI  - [Respiration and spirometry in patients indicated for surgical treatment of
      ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1203926
TI  - [Functional participation of precapillary bronchopulmonary anastomoses in
      interstitial pulmonary fibrosis].

PMID- 1203927
TI  - [Secondary polyglobulism in chronic obstructive lung disease and hydrochloric
      acid secretion in the stomach (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203928
TI  - [Hereditary disposition to atopies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203929
TI  - [Autoantibodies and topography of cerebral ischemia].

PMID- 1203930
TI  - [The significance of immunoglobulines to the differential diagnosis of infectious
      hepatitis and other diseases of the liver and biliary ways (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203931
TI  - [Experience with Czechoslovak subunit anti-influenza vaccine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203932
TI  - [Psychological problems in the adaptation to aging].

PMID- 1203933
TI  - [Our experiences in the treatment of anemia in patients on regular renal
      dialysis].

PMID- 1203934
TI  - [Left ventricular function in patients with ischemic heart disease and healed
      myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203935
TI  - [Fractures of electrodes during long-term endocardial stimulation (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1203936
TI  - [On the problems of acute diseases of upper respiratory tract (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203937
TI  - [Absence of protective effect after vaccination with mutagrip during an epidemic
      of A Port Chalmers influenza (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203938
TI  - [Altered cytotoxic lymphocyte reactivity the cause of different results in
      studies of the relationship between HLA-antigens and disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203939
TI  - [HLA-B 27 (W 27) antigen and other immunological factors in anklyosing
      spondylarthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203941
TI  - [Time development of haemodynamic changes in rats during thyreoidin
      administration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203940
TI  - [Early histological diagnosis of brain barrier disturbances after gas embolism in
      rat brain vessels (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203943
TI  - [Pericardial effusion in the lung carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203942
TI  - [Diagnostic chances in oncology and methods used to objectivize the antitumour
      therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203944
TI  - [A contribution to the problems of orthostatic reaction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203945
TI  - [Evaluation of the work load in patients with myocardial infarction after
      rejoining in the working process (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203946
TI  - [Ultrasonic detection of changes in the hemodynamics of the aorta peripheral
      arteries in children with aortic coarctation].

PMID- 1203947
TI  - [Peripheral vascular resistance in the cutaneous circulation in labile
      hypertensive subjects (author's transl)].

PMID- 1203948
TI  - [Current state of functional examination of the lungs in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1203949
TI  - Effect of cortisol on human fetal lung in organ culture: a biochemical, electron
      microscopic and autoradiographic study.
AB  - Human fetal lung tissue obtained during the second trimester was cultured as
      organ culture with or without cortisol. The effect of cortisol on the
      phospholipid metabolism, as related to the appearance of osmiophilic lamellar
      bodies and the localisation of newly incorporated choline, was studied. In
      cortisol-treated explants, the concentration of saturated lecithins and the
      incorporation of (Me-3H)-choline into saturated lecithins increases significantly
      concomitantly with an increased number of osmiophilic lamellar bodies. The
      labelled choline is predominantly associated with these bodies. The obtained
      results indicate that cortisol accelerates the synthesis of pulmonary surfactant
      in the human fetal lung as early as in the second trimester.

PMID- 1203950
TI  - Neuronal migration during the early development of the cerebral cortex: a
      scanning electron microscopic study.
AB  - Fixed cerebral vesicles of mouse foetuses were fractured and examined with the
      scanning electron microscope. This method provides a study of the three
      dimensional developmental features of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium up
      to the formation of the early cortex plate. Matrix cells are a cell population of
      homogeneous shape, however, mitotic cells are easily identified by their
      spherical form. The external surface of the brain is formed by the closely packed
      end feet of these cells covered by a basal membrane. The formation of the
      cortical plate is the result of a continuous cell migration in columnar
      arrangement towards the pia. Glioependymal cells extend along the whole brain
      wall and most likely provide guidance for the migrating cell cords. The formation
      of the so-called migratory zone is a consequence of the growth of the basal and
      the horizontal prolongations of emigrating cells. The significance of the cell to
      cell contacts for the neuronal migration processes is discussed.

PMID- 1203951
TI  - Ultrastructure of the presumed ion-transporting cells in the gills of ammocoete
      lampreys, Lampetra fluviatilis (L.) and Lampetra planeri (Bloch).
AB  - Mitochondria-rich cells were located in the interplatelet area of gill filaments
      from ammocoete Lampetra fluviatilis and L. planeri. The ultrastructure of this
      cell type differs from typical teleost 'chloride cells' by the  absence of a
      tubular, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). This difference is discussed in
      relation to the presumed functions of the cell and to the evolutionary histories
      of lampreys and teleosts. It is concluded that the mitochondria-rich cell is
      responsible for the active uptake of ions by the ammocoete gill.

PMID- 1203952
TI  - Ultrastructural observaitons of growth hormone (STH) cells of anterior pituitary
      glands of partially hepatectomized rats.
AB  - Ultrastructural changes in pituitary growth-hormone cells were observed in
      partially hepatectomized rats. The hepatectomies were carried out during the
      afternoon after 3 p.m. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation at midnight at
      intervals of 32, 80, and 104 hours after the operation. The principal changes in
      the growth-hormone cells of anterior pituitary glands of partially hepatectomized
      rats were: (1) increased numbers of secretory granules in exocytosis, (2)
      increased numbers of microtubules, and (3) enlargement of endoplasmic reticulum
      and occurrence of dilated cisternae of the endoplasmic reticula. Many growth
      hormone cells contained a reduced number of secretory granules. Exocytosis of
      growth-hormone granules was more frequently observed in animals sacrificed at 32
      hours after the operation than in those killed at 80 or 104 hours after surgery.
      The above results in which appearance of numerous microtubules and active
      secretory granule extrusion in the growth-hormone cells were observed after
      hepatectomy indicate that ultrastructure of growth-hormone cells and growth
      hormone secretion were markedly stimulated by the operation.

PMID- 1203953
TI  - Ultrastructural evidence for a direct connection between the myocardial granules
      and the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the cardiac ventricle of Myxine glutinosa (L.).
AB  - The occurrence of structural connections between myocardial granules and tubular
      elements of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the cardiac ventricle of the Atlantic
      hagfish is described. The core substance of the myocardial granules is shown to
      be uranophilic and in this respect similar to the granular cores within the lumen
      of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. After application of CaCl2-containing fixatives,
      the ultrastructure of the core substance of these organelles resembles that
      described for calcium-containing structures in vertebrate glial cells. Incidences
      of uranophilic core substance in the extracellular space suggest a secretory
      function of the myocardial granules. Possible implications of the sarcoplasmic
      reticulum and the myocardial granules in storage, intracellular transport, and
      secretion of bound calcium are discussed.

PMID- 1203954
TI  - Exocytosis couples to endocytosis of ferritin in parotid acinar cells from
      isoprenalin stimulated rats.
AB  - Distribution of acid phosphatase as a marker enzyme for lysosomes was
      investigated in the isoprenalin stimulated rat parotid gland. The enzyme was
      localized in lipofuscin-like bodies as well as in non-discharged granules. The
      appearance of these bodies was correlated in time to the appearance of smooth
      vesicles and reduction of the acinar lumen. Ferritin, used as a tracer and
      introduced into the stimulated gland via cannulated parotid ducts, was found in
      smooth vesicles, vacuoles and lipofuscin-like bodies throughout the cytoplasm of
      the acinar cells. Very often ferritin-containing vesicles were found in the
      vicinity of the Golgi complex. In most cases the vesicles containing ferritin
      also showed acid phosphatase reaction product. A possible correlation between the
      lysosomal system and the process of recycling and degradation of membranes in the
      stimulated gland is discussed.

PMID- 1203955
TI  - Ultrastructure of the integumental melanophores of the coelacanth, Latimeria
      chalumnae.
AB  - The integumental melanophores of Latimeria chalumnae were studied by light and
      electron microscopy. The epidermal melanophore located in the mid-epidermis
      consists of a round perikaryon with long slender dendrites extending into
      epidermal cells and intercellular spaces. The dermal melanophores occur in the
      loose dermal matrix underlying a relatively thick layer of collagen fibers. The
      dermal melanophores are usually flattened and their dendrites lie parallel to the
      collagen layer. Both epidermal and dermal melanophores contain oval, electron
      opaque melanosomes, large mitochondria, agranular vacuoles of endoplasmic
      reticulum and microtubules. Microfilaments and RNP particles are less
      conspicuous. While the peripheral cytoplasm of both dermal and epidermal
      melanophores is filled with a large number of melanosomes, the perinuclear
      cytoplasm of many dermal melanophores is occupied by premelanosomes in various
      stages of differentiation, and that of the epidermal melanophore contains
      numerous large vacuoles. Despite the scarcity of epidermal melanophores, the
      epidermal melanin unit is present in the form of melanosome complexes. In
      addition, the melanophores of Latimeria possess the basic characteristics common
      to other vertebrates, but they more closely resemble those of lungfish and other
      aquatic vertebrates.

PMID- 1203957
TI  - Light and electron microscopy of the hepatopancreas of the isopod Acellus
      intermedius.
AB  - Hepatopancreas from Acellus intermedius, a small freshwater isopod, was examined
      by light and electron microscopy. Of particular interest are the two cell types
      present in the hepatopancreas. Their ultrastructural features indicate that the
      major role of the large alpha cells is to absorb material from the lumen as well
      as secrete materials into the lumen while the major role of the small beta cells
      is to store the absorbed materials as well as break down stored materials before
      transport.

PMID- 1203956
TI  - Effect of denervation on the mitotic index of the intestinal epithelium of the
      rat.
AB  - The infradiaphragmatic section of vagi nerves at the level of the diaphragm crura
      causes, on the third day after surgery, a reduction of the mitotic activity in
      the crypts of the intestinal epithelium of the rat. Moreover there is a drastic
      reduction in number of the goblet cells that remain concentrated at the lower
      third of the villi. After the third day after vagotomy there is a tendency to
      normality. Sympathectomy did not affect significantly the intestinal epithelium
      of the rat. When both surgeries were performed together, there was no additive
      effect.

PMID- 1203958
TI  - The reality of arthropod cuticular laminae.
AB  - Examination of etched pyramids of decapod crustacean cuticles with the scanning
      electron microscope indicates that laminae are continuous around the angles of
      the pyramids. This observation is in direct contrast to the result expected on
      Bouligand's (1965, 1971) hypothesis and suggests that laminae may be real
      structures.

PMID- 1203959
TI  - Rate of protein synthesis in rat salivary gland cells after pilocarpine or
      feeding. I. Rate of (glyco) protein secretion from cells of mixed salivary
      glands.
AB  - In untreated, fasting animals the cells of the serous demilunes of the sublingual
      gland incorporate [3H]-leucine at a higher rate than any other of the 5 main cell
      types of the 3 major salivary glands. The acinar cells of the submandibular and
      the mucous cells of the sublingual gland show intermediate values, while the
      cells of the granular ducts of the submandibular and the acini of the parotid
      gland have a low rate of incorporation. In fasting animals extrusion of newly
      synthesized protein starts early in the cells of the serous demilunes. It starts
      between 4 and 7 hrs after [3H]-leucine injection in the acinar cells of the
      submandibular gland, while the other cell types did not lose substantial amounts
      of labelled (glyco)protein within 7 hrs. The secretion of protein is stimulated
      by the cholinergic drug pilocarpine in all but one of the 5 types of salivary
      gland cells studied. The acinar cells of the submandibular gland react strongly,
      the granular duct cells less strongly. Still less are the reactions of the acinar
      cells of the parotid and of the nucous cells of the sublingual gland. The cells
      of the serous demilunes of the latter appear to be insensible to pilocarpine. The
      effect of food uptake on secretion does not differ from pilocarpine stimulation,
      with one exception: the acinar cells of the parotid gland react more strongly on
      food uptake than on cholenergic stimulation.

PMID- 1203960
TI  - Rate of protein synthesis in rat salivary gland cells after pilocarpine or
      feeding. II. Protein synthesis in vivo in cells of the submandibular and parotid
      gland after secretion.
AB  - The effect of pilocarpine and food uptake on the rate of incorporation of [3H]
      leucine in vivo was measured by means of quantitative radioautography in three
      exocrine cells of the rat: the acinar and the granular duct cells of the
      submandibular and the acinar cells of the parotid gland. The three cell types
      react differently. The submandibular acinar cells showed a decrease in
      incorporation rate after pilocarpine administration but not after feeding. The
      incorporation rate of the granular duct cells of the submandibular gland remains
      constant after both stimulations. The acinar cells of the parotid gland show an
      increase in incorporation rate of [3H]-leucine in response to both. The contrast
      between the submandibular and the parotid gland could also be demonstrated
      radiobiochemically, the results reflecting the incorporation rates of the acinar
      cells of both glands, giving no information on the contribution of other cell
      types. The decrease in incorporation rate of the submandibular gland acinar cells
      is accompained by a shift of polyribosomes towards monomers.

PMID- 1203961
TI  - Rate of protein synthesis in rat salivary gland cells after pilocarpine or
      feeding. III. Protein synthesis in vitro in the submandibular and parotid gland
      after stimulation of secretion in vivo.
AB  - After stimulation of the protein secretion by pilocarpine or feeding the rate of
      incorporation of [3H]-leucine increases in the acinar cells of the parotid gland
      of the rat while the secretory cells of the submandibular gland show a moderate
      decrease (Kuijper et al., 1975b). Since the rate of labelled amino acid
      incorporation depends on the specific radioactivity of the amino acid used, which
      is not easy to determine in vivo, experiments in vitro were performed to get an
      idea of the influence of this factor on the measured changes in [3H]-leucine
      incorporation. In vitro both cell types showed a more pronounced but essentially
      identical reaction as in vivo. Since in these experiments the specific
      radioactivity of the extracellular leucine is the same whether fragments of
      stimulated or unstimulated glands incorporate the radioactive amino acid, the
      increase of incorporation in the parotid and the decrease in the submandibular
      cells cannot be ascribed to differences in specific radioactivity of leucine,
      unless the intracellular leucine pool should show great differences between
      secreting and non-secreting cells. However, in vitro the submandibular gland
      cells under both conditions appear to use the extracellular leucine for their
      protein synthesis (or a small compartmentalized pool in rapid exchange with the
      extracellular pool). In the parotid cells the whole intracellular pool showed
      such a rapid exchange with the extracellular one that for practical reasons one
      may say that these cells, too, rely on the extracellular specific radioactivity
      of leucine in their protein synthesis. We conclude that the rat parotid gland
      cells show a rapid and substantial increase of protein synthesis after
      stimulation of their enzyme secretion, while the submandibular gland cells do
      not.

PMID- 1203962
TI  - Subsurface cisterns in the vertebrate retina.
AB  - Structures identified as subsurface cisterns (SSC's) were found in retinal
      neurons and their processes in the Western grey squirrel, the California and 13
      line ground squirrels, the South African clawed toad, and the domestic cat. The
      SSC's are located in amacrine, bipolar, and ganglion cells; they are connected
      with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and are associated with specific membrane
      specializations. SSC's were not seen in the Muller cells, an observation which
      agrees with earlier reports that these organelles do not exist in glial cells.

PMID- 1203963
TI  - Development and cytodifferentiation of the rabbit pars intermedia. I. Fetal and
      perinatal stages.
AB  - The developing pars intermedia (PI) of rabbits of between 14 days post coitum
      (PC) and one day post partum (PP) have been studied by light and electron
      microscopy. Cell division is marked until 4th week PC, after which it is reduced.
      The (PI) loses its homogeneity by the 5th week PC due to localisation both
      intrinsic and invading cells and blood vessels. Four groups of parenchyma cells
      are recognisable: PI-glandular cells, interstitial cells, ACT-type cells and a
      heterogeneous group of dark cells. The ultrastructure of the ACT-type cells in
      the rabbit PI are here described for the first time. The differentiation of these
      cell types has been traced from 14 days PC to 32 days PC, in particular ACT-type
      cells are shown to develop in situ and the significance of this is discussed. In
      the PI-glandular cells dense cored granules appear first on the 15th day PC which
      is one day before any nerve connection is made with the primitive neural lobe and
      more than a week before vascularisation. Thereafter granularity increases until
      parturition when there is a phase of degranulation. Relatively electron lucent,
      larger vesicles are not found until 4th week PC.

PMID- 1203965
TI  - Cellular contacts in the synovial membrane of the cat and the rabbit: an
      ultrastructural study.
AB  - Regularly, four different types of cellular contacts are found in synovial folds
      and villi of the cobital joint of the cat (interdigitations, desmosomes,
      intermediate junctions, gap junctions). The same types of contact--with the
      exception of intermediate junctions--occur sporadically also in synovial fat
      folds of the knee joint of the rabbit. In both species, hemidesmosomes and
      discontinuous basement membranes are seen in the synovial lining layer. Cellular
      contacts predominate between A-cells and cells of the intermediate type,
      hemidesmosomes and incomplete basement membranes predominate in intermediate
      cells and B-cells. The latter are rare in A-cells. The importance of such
      contacts for mechanical, metabolic and electrical interactions of cellular
      elements in the synovial membrane is discussed. No unanimous concept as to their
      function can be advanced at present.

PMID- 1203964
TI  - Time- and dose-dependent influence of ouabain on the ultrastructure of optic
      neurones.
AB  - The cardiac glycoside ouabain was injected into the eye-bulb of the teleost fish,
      Carassius carassius. Three doses of ouabain were used: 10(-4) M, 10(-5) M, 10(-6)
      M. The final concentrations in the vitreous body of the eye were approximately 3
      10(-5) M, 3-10-6 M and 3-10-7 M, respectively. After 8 hrs, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days
      the ultrastructural alterations of retinal ganglion cells, the optic axons near
      the bulb and the terminal segments in the optic tectum were studied. The high
      doses of ouabain induced an early necrobiosis of the cell bodies in the retina
      followed by degeneration in the nerve. This is characterized as a protracted form
      of Wallerian degeneration. The significance of the inhibition of Na+ -K+
      activated ATPase at the perikaryal level for both the integrity of axonal
      morphology and the axonal flow is discussed.

PMID- 1203966
TI  - Ontogeny of the pig hypothalamic neurosecretory system with particular reference
      to the distribution of neurophysin.
AB  - The immunoperoxidase cytochemical reaction was applied to the localization of
      neurophysin-containing elements in the fetal and adult pig hypothalamus. In the
      60 day fetal pig, cells of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) were the only structues
      in the hypothalamus in which neurophysin was detected. However, by 87 days the
      cell bodies in both the SON and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contained
      neurophysin-like material. The distribution of immunoreactive material in the 111
      day fetal animal was similar to that found in the adult pig. In transverse
      section of the mature pig the SON exists in two discrete components; an antero
      lateral group of cells connected by scattered cells to a smaller postero-medial
      group. Anteriorly, the PVN appears as a line of cells bordering the third
      ventricle but as we proceed posteriorly the dorsal aspect expands laterally to
      give a wedge-shaped group of cells. In mid-sagittal sections, the cells of the
      PVN are distributed over a wide area of the anterior hypothalamus in a triangular
      profile. The borders between the SON and PVN became more difficult to define in
      medial sections than in lateral sections. Continuous gradient polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis was carried out on the neural lobe extracts from fetal, newborn
      and adult pigs. Proteins with an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of
      porcine neurophysins-I, -II and -III were present in the newborn and 98 day fetal
      pig. It is concluded that material immunoreactive with anti-neurophysin serum is
      present in the hypothalamus of the 60 day fetal pig. Furthermore, at late fetal
      development and during the postnatal period it is tentatively suggested that the
      neurophysin present in the pituitaries of these animals is chemically identical
      with that of adult neurophysin.

PMID- 1203967
TI  - Electron microscopic studies on the pineal organ of the antarctic penguin,
      (Pygoscelis papua).
AB  - The pineal organ of the migratory antarctic penguin, Pygoscelis papua, has a
      lobular structure. Clusters formed by different types of parenchymal cells are
      separated by connective tissue septa containing blood vessels. The predominant
      cell type displays a well-developed Golgi complex, free ribosomes, clear and
      granular vesicles (secretory granules), and lysosomes. Other cell types found in
      the gland are supporting and ependymal-like cells. The former contain dense
      bodies and filament bundles, the latter possess abundant cilia and clusters of
      ribosomes. Typical photoreceptor elements are lacking. Blood vessels are located
      within a perivascular space bordered by basal laminae. This perivascular space
      extends between the basal protrusions of the parenchymal cells. The presence of
      pinocytotic vesicles, secretory granules and cytoplasmic processes in the
      vicinity of these spaces suggests active sites of transport and exchange of
      substances. Intercellular conaliculi-like spaces are surrounded by parenchymal
      cells rich in microvilli. These cancliculi are continuous with the cavities
      (invaginations) of secretory and other parenchymal cells.

PMID- 1203968
TI  - The first optic ganglion of the bee. I. Correlation between visual cell types and
      their terminals in the lamina and medulla.
AB  - Each visual unit (ommatidium) of the compound eye of the honey bee contains nine
      retinula cells, six of which end as axons in the first synaptic ganglion, the
      lamina, and three in the second optic ganglion, the medulla. A technique allowing
      light- and electron microscopy to be performed on the same silver-impregnated
      sections has made it possible to follow all types of retinula axons of one
      ommatidium to their terminals in order to study the shape of the terminal
      branches with their position in the cartridge. 1. The axons of retinula cells 1-6
      (numbered according to Menzel and Snyder, 1974) end as three different types of
      short visual fibres (svf) in the lamina; the axons of retinula cells 7-9 run
      through the lamina to terminate in the medulla and are known as long visual
      fibres (lvf). Retinula cells of each type are identified by the location of their
      cell bodies and by the direction of their microvilli. The retinula cells 1 and 4
      (group I according to Gribakin, 1967) end as svf type 1 with three tassel-like
      branches in stratum B of the first synaptic region. The pair of cells 3, 6 and
      the pair 2, 5 (group II) end in the first synaptic region in stratum A. Cells 3
      and 6 have forked endings, svf type 2, whereas cells 2 and 5 have tapered
      endings, svf type 3. The remaining retinula cells 7, 8 and 9 have long fibres.
      Nos. 7 and 8 (group III) have tapered endings and are termed lvf types 1 and 2,
      respectively. The 9th cell is the lvf type 3 with a highly branched ending. 2.
      The nine axons in the bundle from one ommatidium have relative positions which do
      not change from the proximal retina to the monopolar cell body layer. 3. By
      following silver-stained retinula cells and their corresponding axons, it is
      possible to describe mirror-image arrangements of fibres in the axon bundles in
      different parts of the eye. This correlation of numbered retinula cells with
      specific axon types, together with the highly organized pattern in an axon
      bundle, allows the correlation between histological and physiological findings on
      polarization and colour perception.

PMID- 1203969
TI  - Ultrastructure of the milk fat globule membrane with and without triglyceride.
AB  - The primary milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) around freshly secreted milk fat
      globules consists of a unit membrane separated from the triglyceride core by a
      dense material. This dense material may widen to include cytoplasmic organelles
      or may form small blebs. Preincubation and fixation of the globules at
      temperatures between 4 degrees C and 60 degrees C has no effect on the width or
      appearance of the dense material. Isolated MFGM profiles show structures
      identical to those found on intact globules. The dense material on the isolated
      MFGM profiles is unaffected by extractions which remove essentially all the
      triglyceride present in the pellets of MFGM. The structure of the primary MFGM is
      therefore independent of any triglyceride content and the earlier suggestions
      that the dark material represented a triglyceride layer of high melting point
      adsorped during cooling of the globules after milking are not supported by the
      work described in this paper.

PMID- 1203970
TI  - Neurosecretion in the sinus gland of the fiddler crab, Uca pugnax.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the sinus gland of the fiddler crab, Uca pugnax, was
      investigated and found to be similar to that in other crustaceans. Five types of
      neurosecretory axon terminals were tentatively identified on the basis of the
      size, shape, and electron density of granules within the axons. Release of neuro
      secretory material appears to be by exocytosis.

PMID- 1203971
TI  - Stimulation of the adrenal gland of the Mongolian gerbil after ovariectomy.
AB  - The effect of ovariectomy on the adrenal gland was studied in the Mongolian
      gerbil. Castration stimulated cells in the zona fasciculata as well as those in
      the region between the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. No alterations
      occurred in the zona reticularis. The width of the intermediate region was
      enlarged, the cells were hypertrophic and contained an increased number of
      concentric whorls of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
      was hypertropic in cells of the zona fasciculata and intermediate region. Many
      mitochondria in cells of the intermediate region were larger than those in
      controls. Stimulation of cellular ultrastructure is directly correlated with a
      significant elevation in plasma cortisol in ovariectomized gerbils.

PMID- 1203972
TI  - Ultrastructure of the compound eye of the diploid female beetle, Xyleborus
      ferrugineus.
AB  - The compound eye of female (diploid) Xyleborus ferrugineus beetles was examined
      with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The eye is emarginate, and
      externally consists of roughly 70-100 facets. Each ommatidium is composed of a
      thickly biconvex lenslet with about 50 electron dense and rare layers. The lens
      facet overlies a crystalline cone of the acone type which is roughly hourglass
      shaped. Pigment cells envelop the entire ommatidium, and pigment granules also
      are abundant throughout the cytoplasm of the 8 retinular cells. The rhabdomeres
      of 2 centrally situated photoreceptor cells effectively fuse into a rhabdom that
      extends from the base of the crystalline cone deeply into the ommatidium. Six
      distal peripheral retinular cells encircle the 2 central cells, and their
      rhabdomeres join laterally to form a rhabdomeric ring around the central rhabdom.
      The rhabdom and rhabdomeric ring are effectively separated by the cytoplasm of
      the two central retinular cells which contains the usual organelles and an
      abundance of shielding pigment granules. Eight axons per ommatidium gather in a
      tracheae-less fascicle before exiting the eye through the fenestrate basement
      membrane. No tracheation was observed among the retinular cells. Each Semper cell
      of each observed crystalline cone contained an abundance of virus-like particles
      near the cell nucleus. The insect is laboratory reared, and the visual system
      seems very amenable to photoreceptor investigations.

PMID- 1203973
TI  - The cryptonephridial system in the mealworm Tenebrio molitor: transport of
      radioactive potassium, thallium and sodium; a functional and structural study.
AB  - Larvae of the mealworm Tenebrio molitor were injected with radioactive potassium,
      sodium or thallium solution. It was found that the rectal complex of the animal
      was labelled with potassium and thallium, but not with sodium. Potassium and
      thallium labelled the complex to the same level as if the two ions were tracers
      for each other. Ramsay has found that potassium is actively transported to the
      complex from the hemocoel and there are reasons to believe that T1+ follows the
      same pathway. Therefore animals injected with thallium were investigated both by
      light and electron microscopy. The results suggest that thallium spreads from the
      hemocoel through the leptophragma to the neighbouring ordinary tubular cells, and
      in moist mealworms thallium is further found in the perirectal space. Due to
      diffusion and washing out of thallium during fixation it can not be determined
      whether T1+ and K+ follow identical pathways, but it is possible to determine how
      far thallium has penetrated during the experiments.

PMID- 1203974
TI  - The microfiber texture in a specialized plastic cuticle area within a sensillum
      field on the cockroach maxillary palp as revealed by freeze fracturing.
AB  - A field of sensilla extends across the ventral surface of the terminal segment of
      the maxillary palps of Periplaneta americana. The sensilla project from a sheet
      of pliable cuticle. Ultrathin sections of the cuticle in this area reveal a clear
      cut parabolic microfiber pattern. Microfibers can also be seen from freeze
      fracture faces running parallel to the cuticular surface. These microfibers have
      a diameter of 80 A and may consist of chitin crystallites surrounded by a matrix
      coat. The number of straight parallel microfibers visible in a fracture face
      increases the more closely parallel to the surface the fracture runs. This result
      suggests a helicoidal texture, as the model of Bouligand would demand. The layer
      to-layer rotational displacement of the microfibers is about 12 degrees. This
      texture can be regarded as typical for flexible cuticles in general. Other
      structural properties such as the continuation of the epicuticular dense layer
      into deeper cuticular layers around the enveloping cells of sensilla can be
      interpreted as specializations connected with the function of the sensillum
      field.

PMID- 1203975
TI  - Spermiogenesis in the teleost Gambusia affinis with particular reference to the
      role played by microtubules.
AB  - During nuclear elongation in spermatids of Gambusia affinis, a deep fossa is
      formed at the base of the nucleus in which the centriolar complex and proximal
      portion of the flagellum reside. To stabilize the positional relationship between
      the nucleus and centriolar complex, while nuclear morphogenesis is taking place,
      a series of microtubules develop which emanate from the centriolar complex and
      extend to the nuclear envelope lining the fossa. Buttressing microtubules also
      develop within the nuclear fossa which both originate and insert along the
      nuclear envelope. These appear to stabilize nuclear shape prior to the time when
      chromatin condensation has proceeded to the stage where it could lend structural
      stability to nuclear form. Microtubules develop only after specific nuclear
      morphogenic events have taken place. It is therefore concluded that the spermatid
      nucleus is capable of "self-assembly" involving microtubules in a supportive role
      in addition to stabilizing the nuclear-flagellar relationship in G. affinis. The
      pattern of nuclear fossa-associated microtubules in G. affinis is significantly
      different from that observed in other poeciliid teleosts indicating a degree of
      species specificity with regard to both the timing of appearance and total number
      of microtubules.

PMID- 1203976
TI  - Some aspects of drug abuse in Rhodesia. Part I.

PMID- 1203977
TI  - The future doctors of Rhodesia.

PMID- 1203978
TI  - A case of localised scleroderma following a subcutaneous skin test for Bilharzia.

PMID- 1203979
TI  - Nutritional microcardia. Recovery of heart size and function with treatment.

PMID- 1203980
TI  - A comparison of hepatitis B antigen and blood groups in African donors.

PMID- 1203981
TI  - Precocious differentiation of immature chief cells in fundic mucosa of infant
      rats induced by hydrocortisone.
AB  - Injection of hydrocortisone into developing rats induced precocious increase in
      the potential peptic activity of pepsinogen in the fundic mucosa, change from the
      immature to the mature electrophoretic pattern of pepsinogen isozymes and
      morphological change from the immature to the mature chief cells. The continual
      presence of hydrocortisone was required for maintenance of mature chief cells.

PMID- 1203983
TI  - Mycoplasma contamination of membrane associated measles antigens. Inability to
      demonstrate in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to measles.

PMID- 1203982
TI  - Control of cell division and cell differentiation by deoxynucleotides in the
      early embryo of Xenopus laevis.
AB  - It is proposed that the deoxyriboside triphosphates present in the egg of Xenopus
      laevis support the synchronous cell divisions occurring during the earliest phase
      of embryonic development and that, as long as synchrony prevails, the cells are
      prevented from undergoing differentiation. This hypothesis has been tested by
      injecting deoxyribonucleotides into fertilized eggs. The following effects were
      observed: 1) the duration of synchrony is prolonged, 2) the morphological
      development is suppressed, an effect which is greatest when four nucleotides are
      injected together and 3) the synthesis of all kinds of RNA is inhibited,
      including the mRNA required for differentiation to occur.

PMID- 1203984
TI  - Studies on the effect of soluble lymphocyte products (lymphokines) on macrophage
      physiology. I. Early changes in enzyme activity and permeability.

PMID- 1203985
TI  - Studies on the effect of soluble lymphocyte products (lymphokines) on macrophage
      physiology. II. Cytochemical changes associated with activation.

PMID- 1203986
TI  - Suppression of in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to purified protein derivative
      by measles virus. A reexploration of the phenomenon.

PMID- 1203987
TI  - Can tolerant allogeneic cells restore nude mice?

PMID- 1203988
TI  - Lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis of allogeneic tumor cells in vitro. III. Enzyme
      sensitivity of target cell antigens.

PMID- 1203989
TI  - Restoration of IgA synthesis following transplantation of histocompatible bursa
      cells into cyclophosphamide treated chicks.

PMID- 1203990
TI  - Immunological enhancement of a murine allogeneic tumor in absence of the spleen.

PMID- 1203991
TI  - [Thoughts on the morals of the socialist pharmacist].

PMID- 1203992
TI  - [State and perspectives of development of the pharmaceutical services in USSR].

PMID- 1203993
TI  - [Synthesis and anti-inflammatory effect of 1-ethoxycarbonylmethylimidazolin-5
      onic derivatives].

PMID- 1203994
TI  - [Incidence of microbes from the family Enterobacteriaceae in drugs. III.
      Determination of microbes].

PMID- 1203995
TI  - [Determination of iodinated compounds in the blood. IV. Some interfering
      influences on the microchemical determination of thyroxine].

PMID- 1203996
TI  - [Selection of the productive animal for the preparation of antihuman
      antilymphocyte serum (ALS)].

PMID- 1203997
TI  - [New reform of the legal protection of patents in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1203998
TI  - [Graduate study of pharmacy abroad and problems in modernization of the
      education. VII. Pharmaceutical education in Austria].

PMID- 1203999
TI  - [Current problems of pharmacy in the USSR].

PMID- 1204000
TI  - [Biochemistry of drugs. XXI. Fate of the anti-arrhythmic diethylaminoethylamide
      hydrochloride of 3,4,5-trimethoxophenoxyacetic acid in rats].

PMID- 1204001
TI  - [Study of local anesthetics. LVI. Effect of modification of the basic part and
      the connective chain of pentacaine (K-1902) on the local anesthetic activity].

PMID- 1204003
TI  - [Graduate studies of pharmacy abroad and problems in modernization of the
      education. VIII. Pharmaceutical education in France].

PMID- 1204002
TI  - [Protection of patents in pharmacy, chemistry and microbiology in
      Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1204004
TI  - [Social aspects in gastroenterology and gastroenterology in social environment].

PMID- 1204005
TI  - [Incidence of benign conjugated hyperbilirubinemia with pigment in the liver in
      Spis (Dubin-Johnson syndrome) II. Attempts at screening of carrier state by means
      of BSP test].

PMID- 1204006
TI  - [New data on the physiology and pathology of digestive enzymes. Experimental
      surgical analysis of factors which regulate the level and distribution of
      enzymatic and transport activities in the small intestine].

PMID- 1204007
TI  - [Submicroscopic structure of the gastric mucosa under normal and pathological
      conditions. III. Electron microscopic study on parietal cells in the human
      gastric fundus].

PMID- 1204009
TI  - [Introductory remarks on forensic problems in gynaecology and obstetrics
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204008
TI  - [Importance in the examination of enzymatic changes in the serum of patients with
      diseases of the biliary tract].

PMID- 1204010
TI  - [Experience from expert testimony commissions on gynecologico-obstetrical
      problems from the viewpoint of the forensic physician].

PMID- 1204011
TI  - [The obstetrician as legal expert in paternity cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204013
TI  - [Problems of expert opinions in paternity cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204012
TI  - [Comments on assessment of paternity from the obstetric aspect (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204014
TI  - [Paternity from the obstetrical viewpoint - expert testimony].

PMID- 1204015
TI  - [Superfoetation and superfecundation from the specialist's point of view
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204016
TI  - [Can the follow-up of post-partum weight increments render the estimation of the
      time of conception more accurate? (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204017
TI  - [Comments on formal aspects and the content of expert opinions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204018
TI  - [Some problems of heterologous insemination (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204019
TI  - [Our experience with insemination with the donor's semen (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204020
TI  - [Heterologous insemination indicated after isoimmunization with incompatible
      transfusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204021
TI  - [Protection of the physician and donor in heterologous insemination in sterile
      marriages (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204022
TI  - [Legal problems of artificial insemination (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204023
TI  - [Artificial fertilization of women and the family law (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204024
TI  - [To what extent can male fertility be determined from spermiogram values].

PMID- 1204025
TI  - [Some legal problems associated with family planning (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204027
TI  - [Loss of fertility in woman from the forensic aspect (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204026
TI  - [Can sterilization be regarded from the legal aspect as irreversible
      contraception? (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204028
TI  - [Legal responsibility during chemotherapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204030
TI  - [Risk of gynaecologists participating in operations of transsexualism (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204029
TI  - [Damage of efferent urinary pathways during gynaecological operations (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204031
TI  - [Gynaecological findings in sexual offences (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204032
TI  - [Precipitated delivery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204033
TI  - [Rupture of the umbilical cord during delivery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204034
TI  - [Childbirth or abortion? - problems of notification (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204035
TI  - [The hazard of anaesthesia in acute obstetric operations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204036
TI  - [Homicide of the neonate by the mother from the obstetric aspect (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204037
TI  - [Analysis of patients' complaints of therapeutic and preventive care (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204038
TI  - [Problems of medical entrance examination in women (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204039
TI  - [Flight of women from in-patient departments and their legal significance
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204040
TI  - [Obligatory taciturnity of health workers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204041
TI  - [Some forensic problems of commissions for the interruption of pregnancy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204042
TI  - [Forensic problems in gynaecology and obstetrics from the aspect of the
      sociologist (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204043
TI  - [Changes of lactate values during normal delivery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204044
TI  - [Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy after unilateral ovariectomy in newborn rats
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204045
TI  - [Failure of progesterone to inhibit the 3H-estradiol uptake by the hypothalamus
      during the postnatal critical period for the induction of anovulatory sterility
      (early-estrogen syndrome) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204046
TI  - [Case of haemoperitoneum imitating ectopic pregnancy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204047
TI  - [Modification of the biological activity of estrogens by means of barbiturates
      and induction of ovulation].

PMID- 1204048
TI  - [Changes in hemodynamics at the begining of muscular effort].

PMID- 1204049
TI  - [Tasks of physiology in the teaching and education of medical students].

PMID- 1204050
TI  - [Changes in hemodynamics at the begining of muscular effort].

PMID- 1204051
TI  - [Circulatory and metabolic changes in the ischemic focus and on its periphery in
      the early phase of focal cerebral ischemia].

PMID- 1204052
TI  - [Experimental neurohistopathological changes after hypoxia and anoxia during
      ontogenesis].

PMID- 1204053
TI  - [Changes of the extracellular potassium in the muscle and venous blood during
      effort and their physiological importance].

PMID- 1204054
TI  - [Effect of stress load on the changes of precursor demands and synthesis of
      macromolecules in the central nervous system].

PMID- 1204055
TI  - [Adaptation of the regulation systems of hibernating animals].

PMID- 1204056
TI  - [Effect of dietary fats on the composition and metabolic activity of adipose
      tissue].

PMID- 1204057
TI  - [Respiratory reflexes in early ontogenesis].

PMID- 1204058
TI  - [Theory of the electric cardiac space].

PMID- 1204059
TI  - [Alimentary leukocytosis in rabbits].

PMID- 1204060
TI  - [Stimulation of protein synthesis by thyroid hormones during postnatal
      ontogenesis of the rat].

PMID- 1204061
TI  - [Effects of age and fasting on the activity of serum malate dehydrogenase in the
      rat].

PMID- 1204062
TI  - [Role of carotid sinus and arcus aortae in the etiology of hypotensive reaction
      after cough].

PMID- 1204063
TI  - [Bilateral responses in the visual cortex to the stimulation of corpus geniculate
      laterale during ontogenesis of the dog].

PMID- 1204064
TI  - [Comparison of the age and duration of hardness of hearing with stages of
      otosclerosis in 100 surgically treated patients].

PMID- 1204065
TI  - [Problem of biological activity of the otosclerotic tissues].

PMID- 1204066
TI  - [Paracusis Willisi - an attempt of objective evaluation with the use of speech
      audiometry].

PMID- 1204067
TI  - [Changes of the organ of Corti in the ontogenesis of guinea pig].

PMID- 1204068
TI  - [New technic in the treatment of conduction hardness of hearing].

PMID- 1204069
TI  - [Technic of indirect mobilization of stapes and its functional results].

PMID- 1204070
TI  - [Columnization technic with preserved integral tympanum].

PMID- 1204071
TI  - [Reconstruction of the chain of ossicles by osseous columela].

PMID- 1204072
TI  - [Relation of hearing disorders to the acoustic composition of the working
      environment of musicians in a wind orchestra].

PMID- 1204073
TI  - [Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenitis cerviconuchalis: diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 1204074
TI  - [Our experiences with submucous diathermocoagulation of nasal conches].

PMID- 1204075
TI  - [Up-to-date experiences with postoperative synchronized radiotherapy of ORL
      neoplasms].

PMID- 1204076
TI  - [Carcinoma of the hypopharynx in the Brno Oncological Institute].

PMID- 1204077
TI  - [Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in the internal ear due to noise and
      vibration].

PMID- 1204079
TI  - [Our experiences with fibroesophagoscopy, its indications and limits].

PMID- 1204078
TI  - [Extraction of peripherally located bronchial foreign bodies using a x-ray
      picture amplifier with a television loop].

PMID- 1204080
TI  - [Accidents in microsurgery of the larynx].

PMID- 1204081
TI  - [The picture of tracheotomy in children].

PMID- 1204082
TI  - [Surgery of the nose and paranasal sinuses in respiratory hypersensitivity].

PMID- 1204083
TI  - [Development of voice and language in the crying cat syndrome].

PMID- 1204084
TI  - [Isolated case of general argyrosis after long-term administration of targesine
      nasal drops].

PMID- 1204085
TI  - [Phosphoglyceridosis].
AB  - On the basis of a bioptic examination of the appendix, skin and a liver specimen,
      the diagnosis of phospholipidosis was made in a girl aged 27 months. In contrast
      to the Niemann-Pick's complex of sphingomyelinoses, phosphoglycerides were stored
      in larger amounts than spingomyelin. The disease should be undoubtedly included
      under one heading with the so-called "kephalinosis" [11] and with the cases
      described by Wiedemann et al. [10]. The terms "Type II phospholipidosis [Baar
      Wiedemann's disease]" or, briefly, phosphoglyceridosis, appear to be most
      adequeate for designating the diseases in question. The disorder can be diagnosed
      on the basis of iron hematoxylin staining, visualizing all phospholipids. In
      Niemann-Pick's sfingomyelinosis, alkaline hydrolysis does not alter the colour,
      whereas in the phosphoglyceridosis under discussion the colour is substantially
      reduced or even desappears after alkaline hydrolysis.

PMID- 1204086
TI  - [Jejunal mucosa in children with mucoviscidosis].
AB  - Thirty-eight specimens obtained by jejunal biopsy from 22 children suffering from
      mucoviscidosis were examined by histochemical techniques. In 27% of the patients
      the findings were within normal limits. In 18% of cases, associated coeliacal
      sprue was disclosed. The remaining cases displayed slight morphological
      abnormalities associated with trehalase and/or lactase deficiency, and in 41%
      there was hypersecretion of viscous mucus filling up dilated crypts and adhering
      to the surface of villi. The findings as observed in enterobiopsis are not
      pathognostic of mucoviscidosis. They however, should make one to think of it,
      particularly if trehalase and/or lactase deficiency is found associated with
      hypersecretion of viscous mucus and an almost normal morphological appearance.
      Neither normal findings nor that of coeliacal sprue exclude the diagnosis of
      mucoviscidosis. It appears that malabsorption in mucoviscidosis is not only
      pancreatogenic; the intestinal mucosa may be contributory to a various degree as
      well.

PMID- 1204087
TI  - [Hippel-Lindau disease].

PMID- 1204088
TI  - [Minimalization and optimalization of psychiatric examinations for the purpose of
      diagnostic and prognostic classification (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204089
TI  - [Chlorpromazine effect on adenosinephosphoric acid curve and ADP/ATP ratio in
      vitro (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204090
TI  - [Social surrounding factors in aetiology of pathologic mood phases in manic
      melancholia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204091
TI  - [Stability of lithium blood levels and the prophylactic effect of lithium
      treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204092
TI  - [Endogenous depression with symptoms of hysteria (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204093
TI  - [To the question of the psychopathology of "primitive personality" (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204094
TI  - [Antipsychiatry (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204095
TI  - [Sociotherapeutic system of the psychiatric university clinic in Leipzig].

PMID- 1204096
TI  - [Developmental standards of gipsy children].

PMID- 1204097
TI  - [Evaluation of 3-year experience with phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
      by means of fluorescent lamps].

PMID- 1204099
TI  - [Dependence of kidney function on age].

PMID- 1204098
TI  - [Perinatal alkalosis of non-physiological newborns].

PMID- 1204100
TI  - [Vestibulometric evaluation of pathological caloric reactions in children].

PMID- 1204101
TI  - [Interpolation of x-ray-gram and thermogram - new method for localization of
      expansive intracranial processes and evaluation of the functional changes in the
      infrared area of electromagnetic spectrum in 3-dimensional space by means of
      Selaxon 2, thermoprofile and axonometric planes].

PMID- 1204102
TI  - [Amino acids and peptides in the urine of healthy children and in children with
      disorder of the function of liver parenchyma].

PMID- 1204103
TI  - [Some values of the lipid metabolism in childhood. Preliminary report].

PMID- 1204105
TI  - [Squinting child].

PMID- 1204104
TI  - [Turner's syndrome in a boy].

PMID- 1204106
TI  - [Concepts of pediatrics].

PMID- 1204107
TI  - [Evolution of the basic pediatric care in the morbidity of children up to 3 years
      of age from the point of view of one pediatric district].

PMID- 1204109
TI  - [Expression of quantities and units in clinical biochemistry. Normal values].

PMID- 1204108
TI  - [Melipramine poisoning in children].

PMID- 1204111
TI  - [Functional examination of the lung and of lung hemodynamics in infants by means
      of scintigraphic method with the use of radioactive Xenon].

PMID- 1204110
TI  - [Problems with glucocorticoids in the treatment of congenital adrenogenital
      syndrome].

PMID- 1204113
TI  - [Foreign bodies in the esophagus in children and incidence of dyspnea in these
      conditions].

PMID- 1204112
TI  - [Use of Hoffmann's reflex in the study of spasticity in children].

PMID- 1204114
TI  - [Diagnostic contribution of the withdrawal of urine by suprapubic puncture of the
      urinary bladder in children's bacteriuria].

PMID- 1204115
TI  - [Atypical form of Fallot's tetralogy].

PMID- 1204116
TI  - [New findings on brain edema].

PMID- 1204117
TI  - [Physical development of children with hypospadias and the influence of social
      factors].

PMID- 1204118
TI  - [Problem of child abuse].

PMID- 1204119
TI  - [New stage in the cooperation with the Soviet Union and socialist countries].

PMID- 1204120
TI  - [Methods for the determination of economic efficiency in public health and
      various results in their utilzation in the USSR].

PMID- 1204121
TI  - [System of health institutions in Czechoslovakia and problems of integration].

PMID- 1204122
TI  - [Principles of designing gynecologic and obstetric departments in the  USSR].

PMID- 1204123
TI  - [Further improvement of methods of polyclinical work in the Soviet Union].

PMID- 1204124
TI  - [Acceptance of occupational by induced bronchial asthma in various countries].

PMID- 1204125
TI  - [Ventriculographic findings in the left ventricle in 455 patients with ischemic
      cardiac disease in connection with clinical, electrocardiographic,
      coronarographic findings and with EF and DPLV values (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204126
TI  - [Radiodiagnostic possibilities in vascular aberrations joined with skeletal
      involvement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204127
TI  - [The possibilities of roentgenological discrimination of florid and cured gastric
      ulcers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204128
TI  - [Cumulative biological effect in fractionated irradiation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204129
TI  - [Whole state comparison of medical cobalt bunches in CSSR. I. The standardization
      of the beam of irradiating device chisostat in Oncological Institute at Prague
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204130
TI  - [Whole state comparison of medical cobalt beams in CSSR. II. The results of
      comparisons (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204131
TI  - [Right and side aortal arc/contribution to the x rays diagnostics (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1204132
TI  - A simple method for the synthesis of cholesterol esters in high yield.
AB  - A simple and convenient synthesis of cholesterol esters from cholesterol and
      fatty acid anhydrides is described. The high, reproducible yield of cholesterol
      ester and the small excess of fatty acid used makes this method attractive for
      the preparation of cholesterol esters using difficultly obtained fatty acids.

PMID- 1204133
TI  - Conformational analysis of phosphatidylethanol-amine in multilayers by infrared
      dichroism.
AB  - Built-up films of L-alpha-dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine were prepared.
      Infrared dichroism was measured for the sample and analysed by a new method. This
      method has been developed for the determination of the directions of transition
      moments in a film sample, in which there is an axis of symmetry of perpendicular
      to the film plane. The directions of transition moments were determined for the
      six vibrations assigned to the CH2 antisymmetric stretching, CH2 symmetric
      stretching, CH2 scissoring, C=O stretching, PO2- antisymmetric stretching, and C
      C-N+ antisymmetric stretching modes. The results indicate that hydrocarbon chains
      are inclined at about 75 degrees to the film plane and the polar groups orient
      parallel to the plane in the builtup film. A structural model of the
      phosphatidylethanolamine in the built-up film is proposed.

PMID- 1204134
TI  - Mass spectrometric analysis of permethylated glycosphingolipids I. Sequence
      analysis of two blood-group B active glycosphingolipids from human B erythrocyte
      membranes.
AB  - Two blood group B active glycosphingolipids (B-I and B-II) formerly isolated and
      purified from human B erythrocytes (16) were investigated by mass spectrometry
      after permethylation. B-I yielded fragments up to m/e 1266 and B-II up to m/e
      1495, showing the sequence of six and seven carbohydrate residues respectively.
      In combination with additional experimental evidence (18) the glycosphingolipids
      are demonstrated to be a gal-[ fuc ]-gal-glcNAc-gal-glc-ceramide (B-I) and a gal
      [ fuc ]-gal-glcNAc-gal-glcNAc-gal-glc-ceramide (B-II). Mass spectrometric
      evidence for the ceramide residues are also obtained indicating besides
      spingosine C24-,C24:1-, and C22-fatty acids as main constituents.

PMID- 1204135
TI  - [Fluorescence angiography of the anterior chamber in capsular pseudo
      exfoliation].

PMID- 1204136
TI  - [New perspectives in fluorescence angiography].

PMID- 1204137
TI  - [Cystoid macular edema].

PMID- 1204138
TI  - [Fluorographic aspects of the dysoric nodule].

PMID- 1204139
TI  - [Proceedings: the iridocorneal angle in congenital glaucoma, seen in the scanning
      microscope].

PMID- 1204140
TI  - [Adapto-electroretinography (AERG); siderosis due to intraocular foreign body,
      and Desferal].

PMID- 1204141
TI  - [Unilateral amblyopia due to myopia and electro-physiological examination].

PMID- 1204142
TI  - [Sector occlusion for paresis, vertigo, nystagmus, kyphosis, torticollis, and
      laterality].

PMID- 1204143
TI  - [Pigmented baso-cellular epithelioma of the eyelid].

PMID- 1204144
TI  - [Ocular myopathy and electron microscopy (apropos of 8 cases)].

PMID- 1204146
TI  - [50 years of of retinal tumor therapy at the Curie Foundation].

PMID- 1204145
TI  - [Retinal embryonal colobomatous cyst].

PMID- 1204147
TI  - [Keratitis due to prolonged use of anesthetic eyedrops; apropos of 3 new cases].

PMID- 1204148
TI  - [Measurement of ascorbic acid in the aqueous humor of normal subjects and in
      patients with cataract].

PMID- 1204150
TI  - [Evaluation of macular function before cataract surgery].

PMID- 1204149
TI  - [Dynamic visual acuity].

PMID- 1204152
TI  - [Graphic recording of spontaneous nystagmus, interpretation and results].

PMID- 1204151
TI  - [Importance of evoked visual potentials in the young child].

PMID- 1204153
TI  - [Dynamic telethermography. Importance and limitations of its use in
      ophthalmology].

PMID- 1204154
TI  - [Leiomyoma of the iris].

PMID- 1204155
TI  - [Doppler effect: what information can it give the ophthalmologist?].

PMID- 1204156
TI  - [Anesthesia with Alfatesine-Fentanyl in ocular surgery].

PMID- 1204157
TI  - [Retinoangiography with the wide-angle retinograph].

PMID- 1204158
TI  - [Perspectives for contact B echotomography in ophthalmology].

PMID- 1204159
TI  - [New method of examination in the study of choroid circulation].

PMID- 1204160
TI  - [Angiographic aspects of pathological arteriovenous crossings].

PMID- 1204161
TI  - [Orbital involvement in a case of Wegener's granulomatosis].

PMID- 1204162
TI  - [Supervision of the glaucoma patient using Friedmann's quantitative perimetric
      analyser].

PMID- 1204163
TI  - [Very late orbital tumor after bilateral enucleation for retinal glioma].

PMID- 1204164
TI  - [Major enophthalmos with swelling of the eyelids "screech owl facies"].

PMID- 1204165
TI  - [Frequency of macular edema after cataract extraction].

PMID- 1204166
TI  - [Trabeculectomy].

PMID- 1204167
TI  - [Technical considerations apropos of Cairns' trabeculectomy].

PMID- 1204168
TI  - [Considerations on the approach in filtering surgery on the trabeculum].

PMID- 1204169
TI  - [Value of the "paravenous photocoagulation" technic in the treatment of diabetic
      retinopathy].

PMID- 1204171
TI  - [Complete inflammatory glaucoma. Value of corticotherapy associated with
      surgery].

PMID- 1204170
TI  - [Corneal perforation during prolonged corticotherapy for rheumatoid
      polyarthritis].

PMID- 1204173
TI  - [Penalizations by cylindrical lenses].

PMID- 1204174
TI  - [An ocular motility tester].

PMID- 1204172
TI  - [Considerations on the respective indications for goniotomy, trabeculotomy, and
      trabeculectomy during congenital glaucoma].

PMID- 1204175
TI  - [Examination of the fundus oculi in the acute phase of Leber's hereditary optic
      neuritis].

PMID- 1204176
TI  - [Plate thermography in ophthalmology (presentation of a method)].

PMID- 1204177
TI  - [Post-traumatic retinal condensation].

PMID- 1204178
TI  - [A case of retinal detachment in a contact lens wearer].

PMID- 1204179
TI  - [Unusual clinical aspect of serous central choroiditis].

PMID- 1204180
TI  - [Fundus flavimaculatus of dominant heredity (apropos of 2 families). Nosological
      considerations on Stargardt's disease].

PMID- 1204181
TI  - [Nosological outline of Coats' disease].

PMID- 1204182
TI  - [New nondissociative methods for measuring the field of fusion].

PMID- 1204183
TI  - [Current technic of general anesthesia in ophthalmology].

PMID- 1204184
TI  - [Limbic epithelioma with superficial corneal extension].

PMID- 1204185
TI  - [Association of striated vitreum, iritic coloboma, and hereditary cataract].

PMID- 1204186
TI  - [2 cases of Sluder's syndrome].

PMID- 1204187
TI  - [Value of angiography in orbito-palpebral angiomas].

PMID- 1204188
TI  - [Fluorescent electroretinography in the early detection of maculopathy caused by
      synthetic antimalarials].

PMID- 1204189
TI  - [2 cases of sectorial ischemic optic neuropathy].

PMID- 1204190
TI  - [Anterior segmentitis and auto-immune disease (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 1204191
TI  - [Hemangio-endotheliomas and hemangiopericytomas of the orbit].

PMID- 1204192
TI  - [Evaluation of photocoagulation in the treatment of diseases of the macula].

PMID- 1204193
TI  - [Results obtained with therapeutic soft lenses].

PMID- 1204194
TI  - [Role of vitrectomy in centro-corneal wounds with vitreous issue].

PMID- 1204195
TI  - [Value of xeroradiography in the diagnosis of foreign bodies of the orbit].

PMID- 1204196
TI  - [Paradoxical reinnervation of the intrinsic musculature of the eye].

PMID- 1204197
TI  - [Spontaneous macular hemorrhages of small dimension in young patients].

PMID- 1204198
TI  - [Association of 2 triangular syndrome and retinoschisis after an ocular
      contusion].

PMID- 1204199
TI  - [Genetic microcephaly and chorio-retinal dysplasia in siblings].

PMID- 1204200
TI  - [Coincidence or syndrome? Unusual association in the same patient: chronic torpid
      uveitis with pigmentary pseudo-retinopathy, cutaneous elastoidosis and
      rheumatismal periarthritis].

PMID- 1204201
TI  - [Fundus oculi changes in Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1204202
TI  - [Metastatic tumors of the choroid. Discussion of a series of cases].

PMID- 1204203
TI  - [Dextroposition of the aortic arch. Classification and radiologic aspects].

PMID- 1204204
TI  - Structure of current psychiatric care.

PMID- 1204205
TI  - [Dental implants].

PMID- 1204206
TI  - [Placental function monitoring by a rapid enzymatic blood test].

PMID- 1204207
TI  - [Biological control of anticoagulant therapy].

PMID- 1204208
TI  - [Advantages of continuous recording of blood sugar level in the study of insulin
      dependent diabetes mellitus. Part one: practical use].

PMID- 1204209
TI  - Individual variation in inosine triphosphate accumulation in human erythrocytes.
AB  - Erythrocytes from 5% of a normal population accumulated relatively high amounts
      of radioactive inosine triphosphate (i.e., greater than 70 nmoles/10(10) cells in
      2 hr) when they were incubated with [14C]hypoxanthine. The incidence of this
      characteristic in a mentally retarded population was 16%. Inosine triphosphate
      was synthesized from [14C]hypoxanthine, but not from [14C]adenine or
      [14C]guanine. The metabolism of [14C]adenine and [14C]guanine was the same in
      erythrocytes that accumulated "normal" and "high" amounts of inosine
      triphosphate. Inosine triphosphate did not accumulate in leukocytes.

PMID- 1204210
TI  - Urine vapor pattern for olivopontocerebellar degeneration.
AB  - Autosomal dominant olivopontocerebellar degeneration was evaluated in a family
      numbering 414 living members. Urine samples were obtained from 5 affected and 5
      unaffected not at-risk family members after 4 days on a synthetic diet. 159 urine
      vapor constituents were measured by gas-liquid and ion-exchange chromatography
      and a non-correlation index was calculated. 2 distinct populations of urine vapor
      patterns were identified which conformed to the normal and disease affected
      groups, thus a diagnostically useful pattern for this disease in this family has
      been demonstrated which will be helpful in genetic counselling and potential
      elimination of the disease.

PMID- 1204211
TI  - Combined radioimmunoassay of four steroids in one ml of plasma: I. Progestins.
AB  - Using partially specific antisera combined with a 1 step celite microcolumn
      chromatography, progesterone (P), 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3-one (20alpha-P),
      17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-P), and 16alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (16alpha-P) could
      be  measured in the same 1 ml aliquot of plasma. The chromatographic step removed
      known interfering steroids and conferred specificity to the assay. After
      correction for recovery the sensitivities, expressed as ng/ml of plasma, were
      respectively: 0.04 for P, 0.03 for 20alpha-P, 0.02 for 17P, and 0.01 for 16alpha
      P. Recovery experiments, using steroid-free plasma to which various amounts of
      each steroid were added and then measured in the assay in 12 replicates,
      confirmed adequate accuracy and precision. The ability to measure multiple
      progestogens in small volumes of plasma should permit comprehensive evaluation of
      the role of these steroids in health and disease.

PMID- 1204212
TI  - Combined radioimmunoassay of four steroids in one ml of plasma: II. Androgens.
AB  - Using partially specific antisera combined with a 1 step celite microcolumn
      chromatography, androstenedione (A), 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT),
      testosterone (T), and androst-5-ene-3beta, 17beta-diol (delta 5-diol) could be
      measured in the same 1 ml aliquot of plasma. The chromatographic step removed
      known interfering steroids and conferred specificity to the assay. After
      correction for recovery the sensitivities, expressed as ng/ml of plasma, were
      respectively: 0.025 for A, 0.05 for DHT, 0.025 for T, and 0.1 for delta5-diol.
      Recovery experiments, using steroid-free plasma to which various amounts of each
      steroid were added and then measured in the assay in 12 replicates, confirmed
      adequate accuracy and precision. The ability to measure multiple androgens in
      small volumes of plasma should permit comprehensive evaluation of the role of
      these steroids in health and disease.

PMID- 1204213
TI  - Scope and limitations of propionylthiocholinesterase in the characterisation of
      cholinesterase variants.
AB  - 1. A manual procedure, using propionylthiocholine, for the determination of serum
      cholinesterase and its genetic variants has been assessed in respect of its
      precision and of its ability to classify the genetic variants of the enzyme. 2.
      It is shown that the propionylthiocholinesterase activity alone is a useful guide
      in identifying individuals who are likely to be sensitive to succinylcholine. 3.
      In phenotyping with dibucaine and fluoride, sera of phenotypes U and UF could not
      be distinguished from each other with confidence, but were distinguishable from
      sera of phenotype UA.

PMID- 1204214
TI  - The In Common Laboratory, Toronto.
AB  - 1. The history of the In Common Laboratory system has been described, together
      with some of the techniques developed to deal with the problems of a centralised
      hospital laboratory. 2. It is suggested that the growth and strengthening of such
      systems will provide a solution to some of the problems of providing a
      comprehensive clinical laboratory service in multi-hospital groupings, and that
      this resource may be extended readily to distant, less well-served areas.

PMID- 1204215
TI  - The molecular heterogeneity and instability of radioiodinated human chorionic
      gonadotrophin.
AB  - Gel chromatographic studies on radioiodinated HCG have shown that a polymer and
      fragmented materials are associated with the radiolabelled product which
      interfere in the RIA of HCG in serum. Scatchard plots of experimental data
      indicated that the polymer material (fraction I) has two species of antigenic
      determinants that recognize two species of binding sites on the anti-HCG-beta.
      The use of purified 125I-HCG (gel chromatographic fraction II) for radioligand
      improved the reliability of the RIA. It was further demonstrated that a labelled
      preparation of HCG could be used for RIA tests for periods of five weeks or
      longer provided that chromatographic purification was carried out immediately
      prior to the assay.

PMID- 1204216
TI  - A system for reporting analytical results according to the actual level of the
      test's exactitude.
AB  - The number of significant digits, or better the increment by which a result is
      increased to the next highest figure, has to be related to the precision of the
      analytic procedure. If the relative increment is much smaller than the precision,
      the last digits are meaningless, and if it is too large, information contained in
      the result is lost. A system based only on a determined number of digits in a
      report is inefficient as the relative increment varies within too wide a range of
      10 to 1. In the proposed system, the increment and the range of values to which
      this increment applies are determined. The two limits of the range are set as
      fractions of the 95% limits of confidence so that at mid-range, half of the
      results have better precision and half less than the relative increment. A Table
      gives the increments to be used for various ranges of results between 0.001 and
      1000 units and for precision between 2% and 12%. The system produces realistic
      reports for every level of analytical precision and its application is simple. It
      also permits to take into account changes of precision at the extremes of low or
      high values.

PMID- 1204217
TI  - An improved electrophoretic method for alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes
      determination.

PMID- 1204218
TI  - Immunological relationship between human placental and intestinal alkaline
      phosphatase.
AB  - Crystalline human alkaline phosphatase from placenta and intestine was isolated
      by butanol extraction, acetone precipitation, a heat step (for the placental
      enzyme), ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography, gel
      filtration and crystallisation with ammonium sulfate. Rabbit antibodies showed a
      partial cross-reaction between both enzymes in double diffusion, quantitative
      precipitation experiments and in serial precipitin curves. There was no reaction
      with human alkaline phosphatases from liver, kidney and bone. Three phenotypes of
      placental alkaline phosphatase with different electrophoretical mobility
      exhibited identical immunological reactions with their respective antisera.
      Monospecific antisera were obtained by absorption with crystalline intestinal or
      placental alkaline phosphatase. These monospecific antisera against the placental
      or the intestinal alkaline phosphatase can be used for an immunological
      determination of these two alkaline phosphatases without contamination by other
      alkaline phosphatases in human serum.

PMID- 1204219
TI  - Acid proteinase and peroxidase activity in spielmeyer-Vogt's syndrome (Batten's
      syndrome-Stengel's syndrome).
AB  - The acid proteinase and the peroxidase activity of peripheral leucocytes of
      respectively 12 and 13 patients suffering from Spielmeyer-Vogt's disease, alias
      Batten's disease, alias Stengel's disease was studied. Cathepsin D activity was
      found to be normal in the disease, but the cathepsin B activity was decreased by
      24 percent. However, the decrease was insignificant. The peroxidase assay was
      made using Guajacol as well as p-phenylenediamine as substrate. When the assay
      was performed with p-phenylenediamine, the enzymic activities were significantly
      decreased (p less than or equal to 1%) compared to the activity of normal control
      leucocytes. Assaying peroxidase activity by means of Guajacol revealed a non
      significant difference between the two groups. The data obtained indicate the
      syndrome under study to be due to hampered peroxidase activity. The defect found
      explains the occurrence of lipofuchsin in the nervous system previously
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1204220
TI  - An examination of the age-related patterns of decay of the hexokinases of human
      red cells.
AB  - A previous method for red cell fractionation by density gradient centrifugation,
      using a swing-out rotor, has been scaled up to deal with larger volumes of red
      cells. This method, involving the use of a zonal rotor, is described and has been
      applied to the study of the decay of hexokinase in the red cells of normal
      individuals. Hexokinase activity was seen to fall very rapidly in the young cells
      followed by a much more gradual decline in older cells. It is estimated that the
      mature red cell probably contains no more than 2-3% of the hexokinase activity
      originally present in the reticulocyte. An electrophoretic study showed a
      changing pattern of the isozymes HK1 and HK2 with increasing cell age. HK2
      declines very rapidly in the early fractions whereas HK1 appears to decay more
      gradually.

PMID- 1204221
TI  - [Routine gas chromatographic analysis of metanephrine/normetanephrine, 3-methoxy
      4-hydroxyphenylglycol and vanilmandelic acid in urine as TMS-vanillin or 
      vanillyl alcohol].

PMID- 1204223
TI  - On the quantitative determination of liver ferritin in the rat.
AB  - The measurement of liver ferritin is usually performed after homogenization of
      liver, heating the homogenate and centrifugation. Because ferritin is stable to
      80 degrees this protein and its iron are recovered in the supernatant. We found
      that this procedure resulted in losses of ferritin so we developed a method to
      measure ferritin protein in the unheated homogenate. Total liver ferritin iron
      could be calculated with use of the ferritin protein and ferritin iron values as
      measured in the supernatant after heating the liver homogenate.

PMID- 1204222
TI  - Serum immunoglobulins in healthy children and adults. Levels of the five classes,
      expressed in international units per millilitre.
AB  - Serum levels of IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, and IgE were determined in serum samples of
      270 healthy Dutch children (aged 4-13 years) and of 30 healthy Dutch adults, the
      amounts being expressed in International Units per millilitre. Special attention
      is given to the IgD and IgE results, since the IgM, IgG, and IgA levels in mg per
      100 ml of these sera and their implications have already been reported. In the
      children's sera the occurrence of relatively high IgD and IgE levels was
      frequently observed, whereas the adult group did not show excessive variation in
      this respect. The mean IgD levels found for adult males and females are 21
      I.U./ml and 24 I.U./ml, respectively; the mean IgE levels for the same groups are
      68 I.U./ml and 88 I.U./ml, respectively. The mean IgD and IgE levels in the
      children of each year group were usually higher than those of each of the
      juvenile groups and the mean level of the adult group was not statistically
      significant. A statistically significant influence of sex and season on the IgD
      and IgE levels could not be demonstrated in this material either. Three of the
      270 children's sera showed an exceptionally low IgA content. In two of these
      cases the serum was sampled and studied a second time after an interval of four
      years, when the IgA deficiency proved to be still present. The IgE levels in the
      sera of these healthy IgA-deficient children were normal, whereas the presence of
      IgD could not be demonstrated.

PMID- 1204224
TI  - Validation of routine methods for serum progesterone determination using mass
      fragmentography.
AB  - A mass fragmentographic reference method for determination of serum progesterone
      is described. A fixed amount of [4-14C]progesterone (usually 7.5 ng) is added to
      a fixed amount of serum (usually 1 ml) and extracted with hexane. The extract is
      purified by means of thin-layer chromatography. The purified progesterone is
      converted into the dienol heptafluorobutyrate derivative by treatment with
      heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride. The amount of unlabeled progesterone is
      determined from the ratio between the recordings at m/e 510 and m/e 512 obtained
      after analysis with a combined gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer equipped with
      a MID-unit (multiple ion detector). The two ions used correspond to the molecular
      peak in the mass spectrum of the dienol heptafluorobutyrate derivative of
      unlabeled and labeled progesterone, respectively. The relative standard deviation
      of the method was 3.7% provided that serum progesterone concentration was in the
      range 10-70 nM. Two radioimmunoassay techniques with commercial kits were
      compared with the mass fragmentographic method. The correlation coefficient
      obtained was 0.93 and 0.76 respectively, and the regression coefficient 0.93 and
      1.05, respectively.

PMID- 1204225
TI  - Measurement of renin concenration in human plasma using 125i-labelled sheep renin
      substrate.
AB  - Sheep renin substrate was prepared 28% pure, labelled with 125I and then diluted
      in concentrated unlabelled sheep substrate. Ten percent of the 125I-label was
      released as a small fragment on incubation with excess human renin. Adequate
      separation of the labelled fragment from the parent protein was accomplished with
      charcoal precipitation or gel filtration. Renin concentration in human plasma was
      assayed by incubating the 125I-labelled substrate with plasma under zero-order
      kinetic conditions. Renin was assayed in plasma that had been either acidified or
      untreated. The acidification procedure was employed to activate inactive renin
      which accounted for more than half of the total plasma renin concentration. The
      results of this radiochemical assay correlated closely with the results of
      bioassay. Specificity of the method was established with antirenin. The assay was
      sufficiently sensitive to measure suppressed plasma renin levels. The iodinated
      substrate was stable on storage at -10 degrees C over a six-month period. Because
      of its high affinity for human renin, ease of purification and stability of the
      iodinated product, sheep substrate provides a convenient means for routine
      determination of plasma renin concentration by radiochemical assay.

PMID- 1204226
TI  - The influence of viscosity on dilution methods. Its problems in the determination
      of serum sodium.
AB  - Dilution with a roller-pump is a well known procedure in clinical chemistry. This
      method may be influenced by viscosity. A higher viscosity of the sample yields a
      lower sample output and consequently a larger dilution. If the substance to be
      determined in the diluted sample can be measured accurately, the influence of
      viscosity may be analysed easily. This was performed for serum sodium. It was
      shown that with extreme pathological viscosities (as are found e.g. in multiple
      myeloma and Waldenstrom's macroglobinemia) underestimations of more than 15% may
      occur. Especially for serum sodium, the physiological range of which is fairly
      small, this may provoke serious diagnostic and therapeutic problems. We propose
      to use viscosity independent dilution systems.

PMID- 1204227
TI  - The erythrocyte protoporphyrin in chronic renal failure.
AB  - The erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentration in 63 patients suffering from
      chronic renal failure was estimated and found to be significantly decreased when
      compared to healthy subjects. There was a negative correlation between the
      decrease of the erythrocyte protoporphyrin and the blood urea and haematocrit.
      Following haemodialysis the concentration of erythrocyte protoporphyrin was
      reduced but not significantly so. It is proposed that uraemia or insufficiency of
      erythropoietin could affect erythroblasts and young red cells impairing haem
      synthesis.

PMID- 1204228
TI  - Synthesis of polymers of Bence-Jones protein for use as molecular weight markers
      for sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
AB  - A simple method is described of preparing a series of stable polymers of Bence
      Jones protein, of known molecular weight, for use as molecular weight markers for
      sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1204230
TI  - Influence of the myopia gene on brain development.
AB  - Evaluation of the performance of 17-18-year-old high school students on standard
      intelligence tests confirms previous reports that nearsighted persons
      consistently achieve scores approximately eight I.O. points higher than non
      myopes. Comparison of tests administered to the same students 10 years earlier
      suggests that the intellectual gain precedes the development of nearsightedness.
      Since there is convincing evidence from genetic studies that myopia is an
      inherited condition, probably transmitted as a recessive characteristic, it is
      concluded that the myopia gene has a stimulant action on the brain in addition to
      its effect on the eye. The high frequency of myopia in urbanized societies is
      explained in terms of an evolutionary adjustment, myopes probably having a
      survival advantage under conditions of industrialization.

PMID- 1204229
TI  - Levels of serotonin bound to platelets and free in plasma in jugular and forearm
      venous blood as determined by a fluorescent-OPT (orthophthalaldehyde) assay.

PMID- 1204231
TI  - The Nathalie syndrome. A new hereditary syndrome.
AB  - Deafness, cataract, muscular atrophy, skeletal abnormalities, retardation of
      growth, underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics, and electrocardiographic
      abnormalities are the features of a new, probably hereditary syndrome. Case
      reports are presented.

PMID- 1204232
TI  - The 9p- deletion syndrome. Report of a patient with a 46, XX, 9P- constitution
      due to a paternal t(9p-;15+) translocation.
AB  - A new case of the 9p- chromosome-deletion syndrome is described. The 9p
      chromosome, identified by the G-, R-, Q- and G11-banding techniques, showed
      mainly a deletion of bands p23 and p24. Routine chromosome analysis and banding
      studies in the parents revealed normal chromosomes in the mother and a balanced t
      (9p-; 15q+) translocation in the father. The main clinical features of the
      proband are narrow cranium, prominent forehead, flat occiput, hyperteloris, flat
      bridge of the nose, long upper lip, micrognathia, low-set and abnormal ears,
      short, broad neck, wide-set nipples, systolic murmur, umbilical hernia, diastasis
      musculi recti, short arms and broad thumbs, equinovarus adductus, hypotonia and
      psychomotor retardation. These clinical findings are compared with those of the
      three 9p- cases found in the literature.

PMID- 1204233
TI  - Origin of a small metacentric chromosome: familial and cytogenic evidence.
AB  - A family is described in which the mother has an 18p- chromosome, one normal 18,
      and a probable i(18p). One of the daughters of this woman inherited the 18p-
      chromosome, and her phenotype resembles that of other 18p- cases. The other
      daughter inherited the presumed i(18p) chromosome, and her phenotype resembles
      that of some cases with extra, small metacentric chromosomes. The clinical,
      chromosomal, and familial evidence suggest that these abnormal chromosomes
      originated in the occurrence of one transverse break of the centromere and
      subsequent misdivision of a chromosome 18 in an earlier generation of this
      family. According to this interpretation, the mother is trisomic for 18p, one
      daughter is monosomic and the other daughter is tetrasomic for this chromosomal
      region.

PMID- 1204234
TI  - Ring chromosome 6 in a malformed boy.
AB  - In a mentally retarded and malformed boy who died at 6 months of age a ring
      chromosome 6 was identified by G banding. Clinical, cytogenetical and post-mortem
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 1204235
TI  - Hyperpipecolic acidemia associated with hepatomegaly, mental retardation, optic
      nerve dysplasia and progressive neurological disease.
AB  - A male infant with hyperpipecolic acidemia is described. To our knowledge this is
      only the second report of this disorder. As with the previous case, our patient's
      course was characterized by persistent hepatomegaly, severe mental retardation,
      progressive loss of developmental milestones and diminished visual acuity
      associated with nystagmus, abnormal discs and retinal changes. Death occurred at
      2 years of age, following a progressive loss of neurological function. Pipecolic
      acid was repeatedly present in the serum at a concentrattion of 4-5 mg %. Trace
      amounts of this compound were also detected in the urine. In addition, an
      adaption of the method of Piez et al. (1956) for the direct quantitation of
      pipecolic acid in serum was evaluated and found to be very useful for the
      biochemical diagnosis of this disorder.

PMID- 1204236
TI  - International Registry of Abnormal Karyotypes.

PMID- 1204237
TI  - Cryoglobulinaemia in patients with infectious endocarditis.
AB  - Serum cryoglobulins were found in nineteen out of twenty patients with infectious
      endocarditis. The cryoglobulins were of the 'mixed type' consisting of IgG, IgM
      and IgA. C3 and fibrinogen were present in some specimens. The concentration of
      the cryoglobulins tended to fall with therapy and clinical improvement of the
      patients. Serum antibodies to the offending bacterial organism were not
      preferentially concentrated in the cryoglobulins. In contrast, IgM rheumatoid
      factor was present in the cryoglobulins, though undetectable in the corresponding
      serum. These findings are consistent with the view that cryoglobulins represent
      circulating immune complexes which may be important in the pathogenesis of
      immunological sequelae sometimes found in patients with infectious endocarditis.

PMID- 1204238
TI  - Activation of the classical and alternate pathways of complement by
      Corynebacterium parvum.
AB  - The immunological adjuvant Corynebacterium parvum has been to activate the
      alternate pathway of complement in human and guinea-pig serum. Human serum in
      addition contains anti-C. parvum antibodies leading to activation of the
      classical complement pathway. The possible role of a C. parvum derived
      polysaccharide in this activation is considered in relation to the biological
      effects of the micro-organism.

PMID- 1204239
TI  - Cytotoxic activity against rubella-infected cells in the supernatants of human
      lymphocyte cultures stimulated by rubella virus.
AB  - Supernatant fluids of lymphocyte cultures from rubella-seropositive donors,
      stimulated with inactivated rubella virus, showed cytotoxic activity against
      rubella-infected target cells (NYU 32 line of human embryonic fibroblasts) but
      not against uninfected fibroblasts. The time of appearance of cytotoxic activity
      in rubella-stimulated lymphocyte cultures correlated with increased rate of DNA
      synthesis as measured by thymidine uptake. No such cytotoxic activity became
      detectable in the supernatants of lymphocyte cultures from rubella-seronegative
      donors cultured in the presence of rubella virus, or in unstimulated lymphocyte
      cultures from seropositive or seronegative donors. The cytotoxic activity was
      lost at 60degreesC in 30 min. In contrast to this rubella virus-induced cytotoxic
      activity, cytotoxin produced in mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte cultures from
      rubella seropositive and seronegative donors was equally cytocidal against
      rubella-infected and uninfected human fibroblasts. Although the nature of
      cytotoxic activity remains to be characterized, it is suggested that it is
      associated with a lymphokine released immune-specifically from rubella virus
      stimulated lymphocytes.

PMID- 1204240
TI  - Depression of grass pollen-induced lymphocyte transformation by serum from
      hyposensitized patients.
AB  - Serum from grass-sensitive patients who had received hyposensitization therapy
      was found able to depress the in vitro response to Holcus lanatus grass pollen
      extract of lymphocytes from untreated grass-sensitive individuals. The inhibitory
      activity could no longer be demonstrated at serum dilutions equal to or greater
      than 1/100 and was not seen when the cells were stimulated with PHA or unrelated
      antigens. It was contained in the precipitated fraction of 33% saturated ammonium
      sulphate-treated serum, segregated with the 7S peak of Sephadex G-200 and with
      the IgG fraction of DEAE-Sephadex-fractionated serum and could be removed by the
      absorption of the serum with the Holcus lanatus allergenic extract. These data
      suggest that the serum factor responsible for the depressed in vitro lymphocyte
      response to the allergen in hyposensitized patients was a 7S IgG antibody induced
      by immunotherapy.

PMID- 1204241
TI  - Galactose oxidase-induced blastogenesis of human lymphocytes and the effect of
      macrophages on the reaction.
AB  - Treatment of human lymphocytes with neuraminidase and galactose oxidase induced
      extensive blastogenesis. A less pronounced effect was observed after treatment of
      the cells with galactose oxidase alone. Macrophage-depleted human lymphocytes had
      a markedly reduced blastogenic response after treatment with neuraminidase and
      galactose oxidase. Incubation of the purified lymphocytes on macrophage
      monolayers markedly enhanced their response to neuraminidase and galactose
      oxidase. Furthermore, a stimulation of thymidine incorporation into purified
      untreated lymphocytes was noted after incubation of the cells on neuraminidase
      and galactose oxidase-treated macrophage monolayers.

PMID- 1204242
TI  - Immunological studies in patients with chronic active hepatitis. Cytotoxic
      activity of lymphocytes to autochthonous liver cells grown in tissue culture.
AB  - The cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes against autochthonous liver cells was
      studied in patients with chronic liver diseases and in controls. Cytotoxicity of
      lymphocytes was observed in eight of ten patients with chronic active hepatitis,
      two patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, one patient with primary biliary
      cirrhosis, one patient with alcoholic hepatitis and carcinoma of the pancreas,
      and in three of five patients with acute viral hepatitis, but not in seven
      patients without liver alteration or with miscellaneous liver diseases. Serum was
      not cytotoxic, but in three patients it decreased the cytotoxicity of
      lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity was seen in both HBAg-positive and HBAg-negative
      patients, appears to be influenced by therapy, and does not correlate with
      autoantibodies. These data support the hypothesis of an aggressive activity of
      lymphocytes in certain liver diseases.

PMID- 1204243
TI  - The leucocyte migration technique as an assay of presensitization to human
      transplantation antigens.
AB  - An assay of cell-mediated immunity, the leucocyte migration technique (LMT), has
      been compared with the commonly used assay of humoral immunity to transplantation
      antigens, the microlymphocytotoxicity test. Five recently multiply transfused
      patients and nineteen haemodialysis patients who had been potentially immunized
      against transplantation antigens were studied by both tests. All five transfused
      patients gave positive LMT results while only two gave a positive serological
      test. Sixteen out of nineteen dialysis patients gave positive LMT results
      compared with nine with known anti-HL-A antibodies and four showing positive
      serological direct cross-matches. There was no correlation between cell-mediated
      and humoral immunity as detected by these methods, although there was a tendency,
      which was not absolute, for positive direct cross-matches between patients' sera
      and the panel's lymphocytes, to be associated with positive LMT results. There
      was a significant correlation (P less than 0-05) between the number of blood
      transfusions received by the dialysis patients and the detection of cytotoxic
      antibodies but not with the LMT results. It is felt that some of these positive
      LMT results are due to reactivity with non-HL-A antigens, and that false negative
      results also occur. For this reason the technique is not of great value in
      determining presensitization against HL-A before transplantation.

PMID- 1204245
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in idiopathic autoimmune haemolytic disease.
AB  - Membrane antigens from autologous and from allogeneic red blood cells (RBC)
      induced migration inhibition of splenic leucocytes and transformation of
      peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with idiopathic autoimmune haemolytic
      disease (AHD). No migration inhibition occurred following stimulation of splenic
      leucocytes obtained during splenectomy from a patient with beta-thalassaemia
      major. Lymphocyte transformation did not occur when normal lymphocytes were
      stimulated by similar RBC membrane preparations. These findings indicate that
      autosensitization in AHD may be a function of both humoral and cellular immune
      mechanisms.

PMID- 1204244
TI  - The effect of anticomplementary substances on properdin in normal and C2
      deficient sera.
AB  - The effect of anticomplementary substances, including zymosan, cobra venom,
      endotoxin, inulin and immune complexes, on serum properdin concentration and
      immunoelectrophoretic mobility was studied. In normal serum, zymosan, inulin and
      immune complexes 'fixed' properdin, while in C2-deficient serum, only zymyosan
      'fixed' properdin. Slowly migrating properdin (P) was detected in normal serum
      following activation by endotoxin and cobra venom but in C2-deficient serum only
      with cobra venom. Endotoxin did not activate the alternative pathway proteins
      studied in C2-deficient serum. Fast migrating properdin (P) represented activated
      properdin and occured as a result of activation of properdin in the Noble agar
      medium used for electrophoresis provided sufficient cofactors, including Mg2+,
      were present.

PMID- 1204246
TI  - The different migratory characteristics of lymphocyte populations from a whole
      spleen transplant.
AB  - Spleens from AS x BN donor rats labelled in vivo by multiple doses of
      [3H]thymidine were transplanted into syngeneic recipients by anastomosis to the
      abdominal great vessels. The recipients were killed 1-5 days after receiving the
      whole spleen transplants and the numbers and location of the [3H]thymidine
      labelled cells which had migrated from the labelled donor spleen traced by means
      of autoradiographs of sections, imprints and smears of various recipient lymphoid
      tissues. These results were compared with the migration pattern of labelled
      dissociated spleen cell suspensions injected intravenously. The latter consists
      almost entirely of small lymphocytes which migrate to T or B areas of recipient
      spleen, lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. The labelled whole spleens also
      contained cells which migrated to the T and B areas of recipient lymphoid
      tissues, but in addition contained many lymphoid cells which migrated to the red
      pulp of the recipient spleen and to the lamina propria of the gut. These
      experiments showed, therefore, that the spleen contains mobile elements which
      have not been detected by transfer of spleen cell suspensions.

PMID- 1204247
TI  - Experimental myositis in rats. II. The sensitivity of spleen cells to syngeneic
      muscle antigen.
AB  - The transformation responses to a syngeneic muscle homogenate of spleen cells,
      lymph node cells and blood lymphocytes have been studied in rats with allergic
      myositis. Significantly increased responses to muscle were obtained only for
      spleen cells from rats which had received two or more immunizing injections of
      heterologous muscle with Freund's complete adjuvant. Other populations of
      lymphoid cells which had previously been shown to be capable of transferring the
      disease did not show significant transformation responses to muscle. Increased
      responses in spleen cells were obtained using a supernatant ultracentrifugal
      fraction as well as a whole muscle homogenate. Fractionation of the antigen
      showed blast stimulating activity to be present in fractions of differing
      molecular size, suggesting that the antigen(s) responsible may be present in
      polymeric form or may be bound to molecules of varying molecular size.

PMID- 1204248
TI  - Hydantoin immunosuppression and carcinogenesis.
AB  - The immunological response of mice submitted to hydantoin treatment was
      determined. Hydantoin reduced the absolute number of spleen cells in treated
      animals and did not modify spleen cells reactivity to concanavalin A, although
      the response to SRBC challenge, as measured by the Jerne plaque-forming cell
      technique, was significantly decreased. Following these findings, the influence
      of hydantoin on carcinogenesis was evaluated by using the model of urethane
      induced lung adenomas in SWR mice. Treatment with hydantoin significantly reduced
      the incidence of the induced adenomas. We confirmed that hydantoin modifies the
      immune response of the host mainly by depressing its humoral function and we have
      shown that this effect was associated with an inhibitory effect on tumour
      induction.

PMID- 1204250
TI  - Suppressor cells in different types of unresponsiveness to DNCB contact
      sensitivity in guinea-pigs.
AB  - Cyclophosphamide (CY) treatment known to enhance the normal cell-mediated immune
      response by selectively inhibiting the function of suppressor cells abrogates
      tolerance by pretreatment when tolerant animals are sensitized 3 days after the
      intraperitoneal injection of CY. The tolerance during the primary response is
      also reversed by CY treatment, indicating that in both these types of
      unresponsiveness suppressor cells may be operating. However, CY treatment did not
      influence the short-lasting unresponsiveness induced in already sensitized guinea
      pigs by the intravenous injection of tolerogen. These findings corroborate the
      idea that the mechanism of desensitization is different from that of tolerance
      induced by pretreatment of during the primary response.

PMID- 1204249
TI  - Cytolysis of neuraminidase-treated autochthonous lymphoid cells by autologous
      serum.
AB  - Rabbit lymph node cells treated with bacterial neuraminidase become susceptible
      to cytolysis by autologous antibody and complement. Cytolysis of cells can be
      prevented by absorbing out the antibodies, probably IgM antibodies, from the
      autologous serum using neuraminidase-treated autochthonous lymph node cells. The
      significance of this mechanism is discussed.

PMID- 1204251
TI  - Immunoglobulin synthesis and antibody content in the small intestine of the
      rabbit.
AB  - The concentration of immunoglobulin and specific antibody in the serum and the
      intestinal fluid and the rate of synthesis of immunoglobulin in the small
      intestine was measured in normal and immunized rabbits. IgA was found to be the
      predominant immunoglobulin in the intestinal fluid. IgA and IgG were secreted at
      rates of 4-3 mug/cm/hr and 1-3 mug/cm/hr respectively. Specific anti-Vibrio
      cholerae antibodies in the intestine were found mainly in the IgA class after
      oral immunization.

PMID- 1204252
TI  - Reversal of experimental allergic thyroiditis in cyclophosphamide-treated rats.
AB  - A 10-day course of cyclophosphamide completely reversed the histopathological
      manifestations of experimental allergic thyroiditis in Wistar rats. This
      therapeutic effect of cyclophosphamide was sustained, no recrudescence of thyroid
      inflammation being detected among rats examined 4 weeks after immunosuppressive
      therapy.

PMID- 1204253
TI  - Immune reactions in acute viral hepatitis.
AB  - Serial studies of PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation, serum autoantibodies,
      immunoglobulins and complement were performed in seventeen patients with
      hepatitis A and nine patients with hepatitis B. In both types of hepatitis PHA
      induced transformation was markedly impaired during the 1st week after the onset
      of jaundice and there was less marked but prolonged impairment for a further
      period of 6-10 weeks. A group of eleven subjects with a previous history of
      hepatitis had values which were similar to those of healthy persons. Serum from
      patients with hepatitis A and hepatitis B contains an inhibitor of lymphocyte
      response to PHA. The inhibitor depresses the function of both patients' and
      normal lymphocytes and is only detectable during the acute phase of the illness.
      Washing lymphocytes free from autologous serum did not restore the PHA response
      to normal but the markedly impaired response present during the first 2 weeks of
      the illness was improved. A serum factor or factors may therefore be responsible
      for at least part of the impaired response of lymphocytes to PHA during the acute
      phase of hepatitis but does not appear to account for the more prolonged
      impairment of the PHA response. The protracted lymphocyte defect is possibly
      induced by hepatitis virus. The incidence of autoantibodies and the changes in
      immunoglobulin levels were similar to those reported by other workers.

PMID- 1204254
TI  - Anti-reticulin antibody in jejunal juice in coeliac disease.
AB  - Anti-reticulin antibody has been demonstrated in the jejunal juice of eight out
      of fourteen (57%) untreated coeliac patients, one out of twelve (8%) patients
      with normal jejunal biopsies and none of ten normal control subjects. The jejunal
      juice antibody was invariably of the IgA class. It is suggested that the presence
      of anti-reticulin antibody in the jejunal juice in coeliac disease supports the
      hypothesis that this antibody is secreted in response to reticulin antigens
      present in the diet.

PMID- 1204255
TI  - Cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from healthy subjects and from melanoma patients
      against cultured melanoma cells.
AB  - The in vitro cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from forty-seven melanoma patients and
      thirteen healthy subjects for cultured melanoma cells was studied using a 51Cr
      release assay. Two different melanoma cell lines were used as target cells: one
      cultured in suspension (SK Mel1) and one tissue culture line growing as a
      monolayer (NK I1). The lymphocytes from most healthy subjects were found to be
      cytotoxic for these cultured cells, with individual variations. These repeatable
      cytotoxic reactions could not be explained on the grounds of previous
      isoimmunization. The lymphocytes from melanoma patients were also cytotoxic for
      the melanoma cell lines, but the highest degree of cytotoxicity was found in
      patients with primitive and localized tumours, and not in patients with
      metastases.

PMID- 1204256
TI  - L-tetramisole. Enhancement of human lymphocyte response to antigen.
AB  - The anthelminthic drug L-Tetramisole enhanced in vitro lymphocyte transformation
      of normal young adults in the presence of PPD, Candida or measles antigen. This
      enhancement occurred regardless of evident pre-existing immunity to the antigen
      used. The increase in stimulation obtained by the drug and antigen combined,
      beyond that by antigen alone, varied between 1-25 and 5-99 for all three antigens
      in fourteen cell donors. Lymphocyte transformation was induced in seven
      individuals by the drug alone and suppressed in two. In levamisole dose--response
      tests, the optimum dose for this in vitro effect in six donors was similar for
      the three antigens.

PMID- 1204259
TI  - Autoimmune murine thyroiditis VII: induction of the thyroid lesions by passive
      transfer of immune serum.

PMID- 1204258
TI  - Immunological study on migration of ascaris into the biliary tree.

PMID- 1204257
TI  - Studies on the specificity of agglutinins against human erythrocytes modified by
      Newcastle disease virus.
AB  - The specificity of agglutinins in human sera against human erythrocytes modified
      by Newcastle disease virus (NDV-O agglutinins) was studied with agglutination and
      agglutination inhibition techniques. Virus grown in both embryonic eggs and
      tissue culture was used in the experiments. The findings were compatible with the
      existence of four specificities of agglutinins. In some sera, including those
      from subjects recently inoculated with vaccines prepared in eggs, the agglutinins
      were directed against a component of the allantoic fluid. In high-titred
      infectious mononucleosis (IM sera the agglutinins were directed against antigenic
      groupings present in the Vic strain but not the B1 strain of NDV, whereas in
      certain other sera they were directed against antigens present in both of them.
      Finally, in some sera the agglutinins probably reacted with a red cell antigen
      uncovered by the viral neuraminidase.

PMID- 1204260
TI  - Treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis with a combination of indomethacin and
      cyclophosphamide.
AB  - 33 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis who responded unsatisfactorily to
      treatment with indomethacin alone were treated in addition with a low dose of
      cyclophosphamide. The five patients with focal glomerulosclerosis responded
      poorly. The remaining 28 patients showed a statistically significant improvement
      in renal function and proteinuria.

PMID- 1204261
TI  - Complications of percutaneous renal biopsy: an analysis of 1,000 consecutive
      biopsies.
AB  - In a series of 1,000 consecutive percutaneous renal biopsies, adequate tissue for
      diagnosis was obtained in 94.9%. The rate of complications was 8.1% and was
      directly related to 1. age of the patient, 2. presence of renal insufficiency,
      and 3. arterial hypertension. The use of fluoroscopic control for localization of
      the kidney did not affect the rate of complications, nor did it improve the
      success rate in obtaining adequate tissue.

PMID- 1204263
TI  - Experimental crystal nephropathy (one year study in the pig).
AB  - An acute crystal nephropathy was produced in pigs by feeding a mixture of guanine
      and allopurinol. The pathogenesis of the lesion produced was studied by serial
      histology and renal function tests over 12 months. Tubular blockage by the
      crystals produced erosion of the basement membrane and an accompanying
      interstitial nephritis. Tubular degeneration around the crystal mass transferred
      the crystals to the interstitium. Despite rapid subsequent disappearance of these
      crystals the interstitial nephritis was still evident nine months later. An early
      return of renal function to near normal was not sustained beyond nine months. It
      was shown that even brief periods of intratubular crystal deposition caused
      irreversible changes, resulting eventually in a reduction in kidney size, nephron
      population and renal function.

PMID- 1204262
TI  - Bone volume and mineral density of iliac crest spongiosa in uremia.
AB  - Bone mass and bone mineral content were measured in non-dialyzed and dialyzed
      uremic patients. Bone mass, measured by micromorphometry and a gas displacement
      method, was higher in uremic than in age and sex matched control subjects
      (micromorphometry-U:25.8 +/- 8.24%; Co:15.6 +/- 4.38; gas displacement-U:211 +/-
      66 mm3/cm3; Co:191 +/- 45). In hemodialyzed patients, bone mass was lower the
      longer the patients had been on dialysis (r = 0.38; P 0.05). Bone mineral content
      (specific weight) was diminished in uremia (1.82 +/- 0.095 g/ml; controls 1.854
      +/- 0.0173). In hemodialyzed patients, specific weight was higher, as was Ca
      content of bone assessed by neutron activation analysis. It is concluded, that
      negative Ca balance was the major cause of bone loss and that bone loss is thus
      preventable.

PMID- 1204264
TI  - Experimental model for peritoneal dialysis in small laboratory animals.
AB  - A simple method of performing peritoneal dialysis in rats and guinea-pigs for 48
      hours is described. The method appears to be suitable for the experimental
      investigation of clinical problems although the long term problem of protein loss
      should not be forgotten when assessing the results of these short term
      experiments.

PMID- 1204265
TI  - Case report: Bronchiectasis of the right upper lobe.

PMID- 1204266
TI  - Help your patients become nonsmokers.

PMID- 1204267
TI  - Relevance in oncology and its implementation in a Scottish region.

PMID- 1204268
TI  - Radical surgery in locally advanced cancer of the large bowel.

PMID- 1204269
TI  - Needle aspiration of palpable breast lesions: a new application of the membrane
      filter technique and its results.

PMID- 1204270
TI  - The hypronosticon test in breast cancer.

PMID- 1204271
TI  - Salvage procedures for locally advanced malignant melanoma of the lower limb
      (with special reference to the role of isolated limb perfusion and radical
      lymphadenectomy).

PMID- 1204272
TI  - The discipline of surgical oncology.

PMID- 1204274
TI  - Hibernoma of the thigh.

PMID- 1204273
TI  - Depressed immunological responses following surgery--its possible relevance in
      the treatment of patients with cancer.

PMID- 1204275
TI  - Quinine-induced alterations in drug disposition.
AB  - In normal volunteers, chronic quinine administration shortened plasma antipyrine
      half-life and significantly increased the intraindividual correlation between the
      disposition of quinine and antipyrine. Decreased plasma antipyrine half-life
      appears to be due to a quinine-induced enhancement of antipyrine metabolism. A
      dose-dependent prolongation of plasma quinine half-life was observed and
      attributed primarily to an increased apparent volume of distribution of quinine,
      although our data did not permit separation of an effect on quinine metabolism
      from an effect on quinine distribution between the peripheral and central
      compartments. Plasma protein binding of quinine was similar at both the low and
      high doses of quinine. Studies in dogs given quinine intravenously revealed a
      biphasic plasma decay curve compatible with a 2-compartment open model for
      quinine disposition. Dose dependence of plasma quinine half-life in the dog after
      intravenous quinine eliminated altered gastrointestinal absorption of quinine as
      a cause for the dose dependence of plasma quinine half-life. These studies
      illustrate the importance of such conditions as dose and time of administration
      in determining the type and magnitude of interaction observed between drugs.

PMID- 1204276
TI  - Effect of hemodialysis on kinetics of acetaminophen elimination by anephric
      patients.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen elimination were determined in 4 anephric
      patients during hemodialysis and on an interdialysis day. The biologic half-life
      of acetaminophen ranged from 119 to 147 min on an interdialysis day and was
      decreased by 42% to 53% during hemodialysis. Individual mean dialyzer extraction
      ratios, based on assay of plasma samples from blood flowing into and out of the
      dialysis unit, were 0.46 to 0.78 for acetaminophen, 0.53 to 0.57 for
      acetaminophen glucuronide, 0.13 to 0.60 for acetaminophen sulfate, and 0.70 to
      0.87 for urea nitrogen. There was a strong correlation between the extraction
      ratios of acetaminophen and urea nitrogen. Hemodialysis was the major or sole
      routine of elimination of acetaminophen glucuronide and sulfate in the anephric
      patients.

PMID- 1204278
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of nabilone, a cannabinol derivative.
AB  - Nabilone is a modified cannabinol derivative with central nervous system
      activity. Administration of nabilone in single doses of 1 to 5 mg results in dose
      related pharmacologic effects in man. One and 2.5 mg doses of nabilone induced
      relaxant and sedative effects in all subjects. No euphoria, dry mouth,
      tachycardia, or postural hypotension was seen after 1 mg, minimal effects were
      seen after 2.5 mg, and marked effects were seen after 5 mg. Effects were evident
      within 60 to 90 min and persisted for 8 to 12 hr. Nabilone produced no
      significant tachycardia. There were no changes in supine blood pressure; however,
      marked postural hypotension occurred after the 5-mg dose. The administration of
      nabilone at doses of 1 mg or 2 mg two times daily resulted in euphoria and dry
      mouth during the first two days of drug; thereafter tolerance developed to these
      effects but there was no apparent decrease in relaxation. Subjects challenged
      with a single 5-mg dose of nabilone showed a 66% reduction in symptoms and signs
      after the 7-day drug period compared to that of the same dose after 1 wk of
      placebo. Comparison of nabilone with other cannabinol derivatives suggests that
      some of the undesirable pharmacologic effects can be separated within the group.

PMID- 1204277
TI  - Action of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. An approach to the active metabolite
      hypothesis.
AB  - The active metabolite hypothesis, that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) must be
      converted to its 11-hydroxy metabolite before it becomes active, was tested in a
      study of subjects chosen as rapid and slow hydroxylators of drugs on the basis of
      antipyrine and phenylbutazone plasma disappearance rates. Although the sample of
      subjects showed the customary wide variations in effects experienced after an
      intravenously administered dose of THC, it was impossible to correlate either the
      speed of onset, total intensity, or duration of these effects with speed of
      hydroxylation of drugs. Although 11-hydroxy-THC has unquestioned activity
      indistinguishable from THC itself, it need not necessarily be solely responsible
      for the pharmacologic activity of THC.

PMID- 1204279
TI  - Phenytoin and phenobarbital concentrations in saliva and plasma measured by
      radioimmunoassay.
AB  - Saliva and plasma levels of phenytoin (DPH) and phenobarbital (PB) in a series of
      epileptic patients were compared by means of a radioimmunoassat (RIA) that
      required only 10 mul of saliva or plasma. There was an excellent linear relation
      (r = 0.98) between the logarithms of the concentrations of DPH in the two fluids.
      The ratio saliva/plasma was remarkably constant at 0.10 and was unaffected by
      varying levels of PB. The ratio was close to the fraction of DPH reported unbound
      in plasma at 37 degrees. PB plasma and saliva levels were also closely related (r
      = 0.98 for logarithm of plasma and saliva levels). This relation was nonlinear
      [plasma ocncentration = 4.43 X (salivary concentration)0.86], but could be
      approximated by the ratio plasma/saliva = 3.4. The simplicity of sample
      collection and the sensitivity of the RIA procedure suggest that clinical
      monitoring of these anticonvulsant levels may be carried out by RIA on saliva
      samples.

PMID- 1204280
TI  - Renal clearance of canrenoate in normal man.
AB  - Potassium canrenoate was administered intravenously, twice at a 9-hr interval, to
      3 apparently healthy male volunteers. No consistent changes in endogenous
      creatinine or PAH clearances were observed for 6 hr after the initial 200-mg dose
      of this aldosterone antagonist. The clearance of canrenone (the major gamma
      lactone metabolite) exceeded by 70% the simultaneous clearance of creatinine from
      the second through the sixth hour. The excretion of canrenone amounted to 6.8 mg
      (3.4%) of the dose during the 6-hr clearance study, but was nearly absent (0.2
      mg) during the ensuing 6- to 9-hr period. The cumulative excretion of the
      glucuronide conjugate of canrenone amounted to 4.6 and 2.8 mg (2.3% and 1.4%) of
      the dose during these respective periods. A sustained retention of K was observed
      in 1 subject. Otherwise, as was anticipated in the absence of hyperaldosteronism,
      urinary electrolyte levels were essentially unchanged. Circulating aldosterone
      and plasma renin activity levels were essentially unaltered.

PMID- 1204281
TI  - Serial serum digoxin concentrations and quantitative electrocardiographic
      changes.
AB  - Four elderly female patients in sinus rhythm and with mild congestive cardiac
      failure were treated with digoxin and studied over a 6-month period. There were
      significant linear correlations between serum digoxin concentrations and several
      quantitative electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters. T-wave amplitude was the most
      important ECG variable. ECG changes reverted to baseline values when digoxin was
      discontinued. These findings suggest that quantitative ECG changes are
      potentially useful in clinical and research situations involving digitalis
      glycosides.

PMID- 1204282
TI  - The influence of potassium on the renal vasculature and the adrenal gland, and
      their responsiveness to angiotensin II in normal man.
AB  - 1. The effect of modifying potassium intake on arterial plasma renin activity,
      angiotensin II and aldosterone concentrations, renal blood flow and their
      responses to exogenous angiotensin II has been assessed in twenty-six normal
      subjects. 2. Reduced potassium intake was associated with a significant increase
      in circulating renin activity and angiotensin II concentration and a significant
      reduction in renal blood flow. Conversely, a high potassium intake was associated
      with a significant increase in plasma aldosterone concentration and renal blood
      flow without alteration in plasma renin activity or angiotensin II concentration.
      3. Reduced potassium intake decreased both the renal vascular and the adrenal
      response to infused angiotensin II. Conversely, an increased potassium intake
      enhanced the responsiveness of both systems. 4. The results suggest an important
      influence of potassium-induced renin-angiotensin system responses on both the
      renal vasculature and adrenal glomerulosa cell in normal man.

PMID- 1204283
TI  - Potassium depletion induced by vasopressin and overhydration in the rabbit.
AB  - 1. In order to study the effect of overhydration on body potassium, experiments
      were performed on pair-fed rabbits, one of which was maintained continuously on
      vasopressin and given extra water (60-90 ml day-1 kg-1) for 6-8 days, while the
      other served as control. 2. Overhydrated rabbits excreted significantly more
      potassium (53%) in their urine than control rabbits and accumulated a mean
      potassium deficit of 65-0 mmol, significantly higher than the mean value of 37-1
      mmol in the control rabbits. 3. In the overhydrated rabbits, potassium fell
      significantly in both erythrocytes, from 266 to 173 mmol/kg of dry cells, and
      also in muscle, from 435 to 341 mmol/kg of fat-free dry solids. Neither changed
      significantly in the control animals. 4. Overhydration in the presence of
      vasopressin leads to potassium depletion in the rabbit and a similar phenomenon
      might be expected in man. Potassium depletion due to overhydration might account
      for the hypokalaemia and reduction in exchangeable potassium observed in some
      patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

PMID- 1204285
TI  - The early effects of intravenous frusemide on central haemodynamics, venous tone
      and plasma renin activity.
AB  - 1. Nine paatients with clinically unimportant heart disease or benign essential
      hypertension were given frusemide intravenously during right-heart
      catheterization. 2. Pressures in both atria decreased rapidly and in parallel.
      The magnitude of the pressure decrease was clearly related to decrease in plasma
      volume loss. 3. Plasma renin activity increased significantly after 5 min (P less
      than 0-01), but did not correlate with plasma volume loss. 4. Venous tone in the
      forearm was unchanged. 5. It is concluded that the pressure reduction was
      secondary to plasma volume depletion through diuresis and that increased plasma
      renin activity was mainly caused by intrarenal changes.

PMID- 1204284
TI  - I-cell disease (mucolipidosis II): resolution of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase
      and alpha-L-fucosidase components by DEAE-cellulose chromatography.
AB  - 1. In a patient with I-cell disease the activities of several acid hydrolases
      were elevated inplasma and reduced in cultured fibroblasts when compared with
      normal values. Normal activities for the enzymes were found in leucocytes. These
      findings agree with reports on other cases. 2. N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase
      was resolved into its component forms by chromatography on microcolumns of DEAE
      cellulose coupled with continuous automated assay of activity in the column
      effluent. Cultured skin fibroblasts from three patients showed a profound
      deficiency of glucosaminidase component A and a relative increase in the activity
      of a form eluted earlier than A. 3. In the one patient studied, the elution
      profile of plasma glucosaminidase was similar to that of normal plasma, but
      treatment with neuraminidase revealed a minor component which did not appear in
      control specimens. 4. Chromatographic resolution of glucosaminidase secreted by
      normal fibroblasts into the culture medium shoed that component A comprised two
      forms, a serum-type and a tissue-type, whereas only a serum-type was found in I
      cell medium. 5. Different forma of alpha-L-fucosidase were shown to occur in
      normal plasma and fibroblasts. This is the second lysosomal hydrolase for which
      differences between intracellular and extracellular forms have been described and
      might reflect a general phenomenon. 6. The major acidic component of fucosidase
      from normal fibroblasts was not detected in I-cell fibroblasts. Elution profiles
      of fucosidase activity in normal and I-cell plasma were indistinguishable, both
      before and after treatment with neuraminidase. 7. On the basis of the above
      findings, we suggest that for several acid hydrolases there is a common
      biosynthetic reaction, which produces forms of these enzymes destined for
      incorporation into primary lysosomes rather than secretion by the cell. In
      cultured fibroblasts from patients with I-cell disease, the enzyme catalysing the
      reaction leading to the production of intracellular forms is deficient or
      defective, whereas the synthesis of precursor and secreted forms is unaffected.

PMID- 1204286
TI  - Systolic blood pressure variation during the first 6 days of life.
AB  - 1. Systolic blood pressure was measured by a Doppler ultrasound technique in
      twenty normal babies on 6 successive days after the day of delivery. In three
      babies blood pressure was recorded every 15 min for 24 h. 2. Systolic blood
      pressure during the first 6 days of life was 95 (SEM = 2) mmHg. 3. Systolic blood
      pressure increased on average by 2 mmHg/day, but increased most between the
      second and third days of life. 4. Systolic blood pressure was 11 mmHg higher when
      awake than when the babies were asleep. 5. There was marked within-baby variation
      in the systolic blood pressure of neonates, which could not be accounted for by
      age or recognizable changes in level in consciousness.

PMID- 1204287
TI  - Urinary concentration and dilution after unilateral nephrectomy in the rat.
AB  - 1. The effects of unilateral nephrectomy on urinary concentration and dilution
      were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. To exclude incomplete suppression of
      antidiuretic hormone, free water formation was also sutdied in rats with
      congenital diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain). 2. Urinary solute-free water
      formation was similar in Sprague-Dawley and Brattleboro rats. Uninephrectomized
      animals excreted a water load promptly and diluted their urine to the same degree
      as control rats. Maximal values for Cwater and TCwater per kidney were higher
      after nephrectomy, but were similar to those of control rats at comparable rates
      of fluid delivery to the distal nephron. Renal tissue osmolaity was similar in
      uninephrectomized and sham-operated animals, indicating that nonantidiuretic
      hormone-dependent backflux of filtrate was the same in the two groups. The only
      defect observed in uninephrectomized animals was a small reduction in maximal
      urine osmolaity. 3. These results demonstrate that free water formation and
      reabsorption are unaffected by unilateral nephrectomy and suggest that, in the
      remaining kidney, filtrate reabsorption along the entire nephron increases in
      proportion to the increment in glomerular filtration.

PMID- 1204288
TI  - The meaning of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in essential hypertension.
AB  - 1. Resting plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity and haemodynamic
      parameters were studied in untreated borderline (twenty-nine) and permanent
      (twenty-seven) essential hypertensive patients. DBH was also measured in sixty
      three apparently healthy subjects. 2. Mean DBH values were not significantly
      different between the groups. 3. Cardiac output, cardiopulmonary blood volume and
      the cardiopulmonary blood volume/total blood volume ratio (CPBV/TBV) were
      significantly higher in borderline than in permanent hypertensive patients. 4. In
      borderline hypertensive patients, plasma DBH activity was directly correlated
      with diastolic arterial pressure and with values of cardiac output,
      cardiopulmonary blood volume and CPBV/TBV ratio. No such correlations could be
      observed in the permanent hypertensive group. 5. These results suggest that
      plasma DBH activities in borderline hypertension mainly depend on the sympathetic
      activity responsible for the haemodynamic variations. Contrariwise, plasma DBH
      activities in permanent essential hypertensive patients appear to reflect other
      factors.

PMID- 1204289
TI  - Measurement of muscle protein synthetic rate from serial muscle biopsies and
      total body protein turnover in man by continuous intravenous infusion of L-(alpha
      15N)lysine.
AB  - 1. Five healthy male subjects were studied by continuous infusion of L-[alpha
      15N]lysine over 20-30 h with timed blood and urine samples, and two or three
      percutaneous needle biopsies of vastus lateralis muscle. 2. A standard creatine
      free diet, quantitatively related to body surface area, was given for 5 days
      before the infusion. The [15N]lysine was administered at a constant rate in  an
      amino acid solution with a nitrogen content of 0-96 mol/l, which constituted the
      sole source of exogenous nitrogen during the infusion. 3. A plateau level of
      plasma free [15N]lysine enrichment was achieved after infusion for 14 h. The
      total plasma lysine flux calculated from the plateau was 7-3 mmol/h (range 4-8-9
      6). Total body protein turnover calculated from the lysine flux was 3-5 g day-1
      kg body wt.-1 (range 2-5-5-0). 4. Muscle sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar fractions
      were separated, purified and the 15N enrichment was measured. The sarcoplasmic
      protein fractional synthetic rate was calculated as 3-8%/day (range 2-2-5-1). The
      myofibrillar protein synthetic rate was 1-46%/day (range 1-09-2-44). 5. Muscle
      mass, calculated from 24 h creatinine excretion, was 33-7 kg (range 28-8-37-4),
      which represented 50-0% of body weight (range 38-9-58-1). Total muscle protein
      synthesis was calculated to account for 53-2% (range 39-5-62-1) of total body
      protein syntehsis. 6. The advantages and limitations of using continuous infusion
      of [15N]lysine in human subjects are discussed.

PMID- 1204290
TI  - Relation between hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity and the ascorbic acid in
      leucocytes of patients with liver disease.
AB  - 1. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity and leucocyte ascorbic acid content was
      measured in thirty-five patients with liver disease and in ten control subjects
      with duodenal ulcer. The patients with liver disease were divided into three
      groups consisting of non-drinkers, moderate drinkers and alcoholic/heavy
      drinkers. 2. There was no significant difference in hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase
      activity between the groups with liver disease, but all patients had less than
      half the hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity of the control subjects (P less
      than 0-001). 3. The ascorbic acid in leucocytes was significantly lower in the
      alcoholic/heavy drinker group than that in the control subjects (P less than 0
      02) when the Student's t-test was applied, but no significant difference was
      found when the Mann-Whitney U-test was used. 4. A correlation coefficient of r =
      0-77 (P less than 0-001) was observed among the thirty-five patients with liver
      disease when hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity was compared with leucocyte
      ascorbic acid content. An insignificant correlation (r = 0-332) was found in the
      control subjects with no liver disease. 5. This comparison was also significant
      among non-drinkers with liver disease (r = 0-873; P less than 0-001), moderate
      drinkers (r = 0-739; P less than 0-02) and alcoholic/heavy drinkers (r = 0-702; P
      less than 0-005). 6. The addition of ascorbic acid in vitro (0-5-10 mmol/1) had
      no effect on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase. 7. The relation between
      hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity and leucocyte ascorbic acid content is
      probably a consequence of liver disease, as opposed to any specific effect of
      ascorbic acid deficiency of alcohol consumption on alcohol dehydrogenase
      activity.

PMID- 1204291
TI  - The stimulation of renin secretion by non-vasocontrictor infusions of adrenaline
      and noradrenaline in the isolated rat kidney.
AB  - 1. The effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on renin secretion in the isolated
      perfuseed rat kidney was examined. The doses of catecholamines used were such
      that renal vasoconstriction and therefore increases in renal perfusion pressure
      were avoided. Under these conditions adrenaline and noradrenaline significantly
      increased renin secretion rates, compared with control experiments in which no
      catecholamine was infused. 2. Mean renal perfusion pressure during both
      adrenaline and noradrenaline infusion paralleled the control study by showing a
      progressive fall. 3. Administration of phenoxybenzamine did not impair the
      stimulation of renin secretion by adrenaline whereas this was prevented by
      racemic propranolol. 4. These observations suggest that catecholamines stimulate
      renin secretion by an intrarenal effect which is largely independent of changes
      in renal perfusion pressure. It is postulated that the beta-adrenoceptors
      mediating renin secretion are an integral component of the renin-producing cell.

PMID- 1204292
TI  - Plasma uric acid concentration related to the urinary excretion of aldosterone
      and of electrolytes in normal subjects.
AB  - 1. The relations between the concentration of plasma uric acid and urinary
      excretion of aldosterone, sodium and potassium, were studied in ten healthy males
      on a diet containing 160 mmol of sodium and 90 mmol of potassium per day. 2.
      Plasma uric acid correlated positively with aldosterone excretion and this
      correlation was statistically independent of sodium and potassium excretion. 3.
      Plasma uric acid correlated positively with potassium excretion and negatively
      with the urinary sodium/potassium ratio. There was no significant simple
      correlation with sodium excretion but the partial correlation of plasma uric acid
      and sodium excretion was negative and significant when excretion of aldosterone
      and potassium were held constant.

PMID- 1204293
TI  - The relationship between dietary fat composition and plasma cholesterol
      esterification in man.
AB  - 1. Cholesterol esterification has been studied in the plasma of subjects on diets
      rich in saturated or polyunsaturated fat. 2. The diet rich in polyunsaturated fat
      was associated with lower rates of plasma cholesterol esterification in vitro.
      The data suggest that there was a reduction of plasma lecithin-cholesterol
      acyltransferase activity as well as decreased ability of the lipoprotein
      substrates of the enzyme to support esterification. 3. On this diet, there was no
      change in the proportion of the plasma cholesterol esterified but the plasma
      cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were reduced.

PMID- 1204294
TI  - Plasma squalene as an index of cholesterol synthesis.
AB  - 1. Seven subjects were studied before and after the rate of cholesterol synthesis
      was altered with drugs or dietary cholesterol. 2. The rate at which plasma free
      cholesterol was formed from squalene during constant infusions of radioactive
      mevalonate increased with colestipol treatment, decreased with clofibrate
      treatment and decreased when cholesterol was added to the diet. The plasma
      squalene concentration showed corresponding changes, confirming that its
      measurement may qualitatively define changes in cholesterol synthesis. 3. The
      mean plasma squalene concentration in seven hypertriglyceridaemic, slightly
      overweight subjects was significantly higher than in six hypercholesterolaemic
      subjects, which is consistent with other evidence for increased cholesterol
      synthesis in hypertriglyceridaemia.

PMID- 1204295
TI  - Plasma prostaglandin E during neurogenic hypertension in tetraplegic man.
AB  - 1. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured before, during and after
      cutaneous and visceral stimulation in subjects tetraplegic due to severe cervical
      spinal cord damage. Stimulation resulted in marked hypertension as a result of
      reflex sympathetic overactivity. 2. Mixed venous blood from a catheter situated
      in the right atrium was obtained before and after stimulation and plasma
      prostaglandin E and prostaglandin F were measured. A consistent and significant
      rise in plasma prostaglandin E, but not plasma prostaglandin F, accompanied the
      hypertension. 3. It is suggested that prostaglan ding E is released during this
      sympathetic nervous activity and may be related to neurogenic hypertension.

PMID- 1204296
TI  - [Editorial: The hospital clinical pharmacology unit].

PMID- 1204297
TI  - [Unusual electrocardiographic signs during cerebro-meningeal disorders].

PMID- 1204298
TI  - [Bilateral branch blocks during the acute phase of myocardial infarct. Apropos of
      35 cases].

PMID- 1204299
TI  - [Interauricular pseudo-dissociation].

PMID- 1204300
TI  - [Atypical electrocardiographic patterns in acute cor pulmonale].

PMID- 1204301
TI  - [Attempt at prognostic evaluation of spontaneous angina].

PMID- 1204302
TI  - [Comparative endocavitary study of a syncopal paroxystic auriculo-ventricular
      block and sino-auricular disease].

PMID- 1204303
TI  - [Contribution of veino-arterial shunt during cardiogenic shock due to septal
      rupture resistant to diastolic counterpulsation].

PMID- 1204305
TI  - [Treatment of auricular flutter using right endoauricular stimulation].

PMID- 1204304
TI  - [Conduction disorders due to amiodarone, both oral and injectable: therapeutic
      consequences].

PMID- 1204306
TI  - [Spontaneous pneumomediastinum simulating pericarditis].

PMID- 1204308
TI  - [Subvalvular aortic aneurysms associated with aortic insufficiency following
      infectious endocarditis. Surgical treatment, apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 1204307
TI  - [A case of myocardial infarct of traumatic origin with ventricular aneurysm.
      Clinical and angiocardiographic study].

PMID- 1204309
TI  - [Operated cases of ventricular aneurysm and asynergy. Part I. Clinical,
      electrocardiographic and radiological features (68 cases)].

PMID- 1204311
TI  - [Refractory periods of intracardiac conduction. Definitions and normal values in
      humans].

PMID- 1204310
TI  - [Clinical usefulness and limitations of exploration of the left ventricle during
      the acute phase of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1204312
TI  - [Unrecognized myocardial infarct in general practice].

PMID- 1204313
TI  - [Indications for surgery during the active phase of endocarditis].

PMID- 1204314
TI  - [Phonomechanocardiographic signs of pure mitral insufficiency. Implications in
      anatomical diagnosis].

PMID- 1204315
TI  - [Study of His bundle recordings in 88 patients with intraventricular conduction
      disorders. Correlation with clinical symptomology].

PMID- 1204316
TI  - [Hemodynamic study of arterial hypertension before and after treatment with
      Brinedine].

PMID- 1204317
TI  - [Treatment of recurrent ventricular tachycardia].

PMID- 1204318
TI  - [Arterial hypertension caused by congenital arteriovenous fistula of a kidney].

PMID- 1204319
TI  - [Rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney with subsequent and manifestative arterial
      hypertension].

PMID- 1204320
TI  - Linking planning with evaluation in community mental health.
AB  - A suggested example of a systematic approach for linking planning with evaluation
      is presented. The proposed systematic processes would help deal with the
      ambiguities of the mental health field and provide a more objective way of
      planning and evaluating programs. Program evaluation can then be related to the
      predetermined effectiveness criteria of the planning processes. The planning and
      evaluation processes are described as a part of a 13-stage cycle of 18 months.

PMID- 1204321
TI  - A nonobtrusive interview technique for drug abuse program follow-up.
AB  - A follow-up study of 65 former clients in a drug abuse program employed
      paraprofessional street workers, indigenous to the area, as data gatherers. The
      interview was designed to appear to be a casual conversation. Interviewers were
      trained in the use of a mnemonic device which allowed them to guide the
      conversation over 46 items of factual information. The information was recorded
      later on a form. An alpha coefficient reliability estimate of additional
      subjective ratings on the 65 former clients was .923. An analysys of
      correlational associations between measures provides an interesting insight into
      the paraprofessional interviewers' perceptions of posttreatment functioning.

PMID- 1204322
TI  - Teamwork and social worker advocacy: conflicts and possibilities.
AB  - Consumer participation in mental health services has made professional
      activities, including teamwork, visible to increased examination of points of
      conflict that often focus on aspects of professional ehtics. Social workers are
      ethically bound to serve as client advocates, which implies an adversary process
      not provided for in assumptions about teamwork. Social work generally is based on
      a consensus model and occurs in the absence of legitimate standards to assess
      competence. These factors are likely to be a negative influence on social
      workers' contributions to teamwork. An interprofessional procedure focused on
      client rights is suggested to increase explicit attention to conflict in
      teamwork.

PMID- 1204323
TI  - Special role and role expectation of black administrators of neighborhood mental
      health programs.
AB  - This paper attempts to portray the role conflict and ambiguity of black
      administrators in community mental health programs. The paper is not about mental
      health programs themselves but rather focuses on the problems of blacks in
      leadership positions in such programs. The implication of this paper is that
      blacks cannot escape being black despite their professional position or training.
      They are regarded by their superiors, colleagues, staff, and the community as
      performing what Hughes called a "racial function." This function presents an
      interesting dilemma. On the one hand, the black administrators are recruited and
      employed out of the needs expressed by the black community. On the other hand,
      their white superiors determine whether they remain in those positions. To offend
      either group risks the loss of their position. The black community and white
      employer sometimes make conflicting demands on these black administrators. The
      result is that blacks find themselves unable to please either. Blacks have
      reacted by withdrawal from the black community or resignation from the
      organization. This paper attempts to explain these conflicts. Although the
      problems of black administrators are called special cases it does not mean that
      other ethnic groups have not experienced any or all of these problems. It is
      called a special case because the black community is undergoing a special and
      unique kind of socioeconomical transition. Black administrators in other types of
      public organizations will recognize some of the conflicts described in this
      paper.

PMID- 1204325
TI  - Citizens' boards for Philadelphia community mental health centers.
AB  - Community participation is a frequently discussed and controversial aspect of the
      community mental health center program. To many professionals and lay people, the
      community mental health center concept includes a basic commitment to a
      participatory process of the community in the planning and implementation of the
      community mental health center program. However, this commitment is not readily
      evident in the federal and Pennsylvania regulations. This paper presents an
      approach taken by the Philadelphia Office of Mental Health and Mental Retardation
      to insure that its 13 centers and base service units have a meaningful
      partnership with their catchment area communities. Specifically the paper
      presents the community participation regulations developed by the Philadelphia
      office, as well as the conditions that led to the development of these
      regulations. A conclusion of the paper is that additional regulations are needed
      to insure that community participation becomes an integral part of the community
      mental health center program.

PMID- 1204324
TI  - Prior occupational experience and choice of alcoholism rehabilitation counselors.
AB  - Although the use of recovering alcoholics as counselors in professional settings
      is increasing, there is little information on the factors important in selecting
      counselors. This study looks at previous occupational socialization as one such
      factor. On the basis of a study of alcoholism rehabilitation counselors and their
      supervisors in Indiana it has been concluded that such socialization is an
      important factor. It is recommended that prospective employers be wary of
      applicants without some experience in "bureaucratic" types of work experience,
      that is, who have not had experience in work settings or with work requirements
      somewhat analogous to those in the professional setting.

PMID- 1204326
TI  - Following the Blackfoot Indians: toward democratic administration of a community
      mental health center.
AB  - Community mental health centers have been held back by authoritarian
      administrative structures, inherited from the traditional medical model, from
      fulfilling their original promise of innovative approaches to mental health and
      responsiveness to the community. This is a 10-year case history of one mental
      health center's struggle "to put its own house in order" to further staff morale,
      productivity, more egalitarian attitudes toward clients, and a sense of
      partnership with each other and the community. The paper shows the development of
      democratic structures and processes, how line staff and administrators confronted
      their taboo on power, the traditional hierarchy among disciplines, staff
      participation in administration, and their vulnerability within the wider
      bureaucratic system.

PMID- 1204327
TI  - Learning style preferences of community mental health professionals.
AB  - Programs of continuing education in mental health are increasing at a rapid pace.
      This study examines-selected personal and occupational characteristics of
      enrollees in one such program and classifies the nature of enrollee motivation
      for participating in specialized programs of community mental health training.
      The learning-style preferences of these highly experienced professionals are also
      explored and recommendations are made concering the design of similar educational
      programs under development elsewhere.

PMID- 1204328
TI  - Postmortem glycolytic and nucleotide degradative changes in muscle of the
      atlantic queen crab (Chionoecetes opilio) upon iced storage of unfrozen and of
      thawed meat, and upon cooking.

PMID- 1204329
TI  - Carotenoids of the invertebrates of the Red Sea (Eilat shore). Carotenoids of the
      crinoid Lamprometra klunzingeri (Echinodermata).

PMID- 1204330
TI  - Trehalose and glucose levels in the hemolymph of Heliothis virescens parasitized
      by Microplitis croceipes or Cardiochiles nigriceps.

PMID- 1204331
TI  - Electrophoretic patterns of certain proteins in caecilians (Amphibia:
      Gymnophiona).

PMID- 1204332
TI  - The surface and cytoplasmic membranes of Entamoeba invadens (Rodhain 1934)--II.
      Polypeptide and phospholipid composition.

PMID- 1204333
TI  - Cytolytic enzymes in relation to the breakdown of the chelae muscle of the land
      crab, Gecarcinus lateralis.

PMID- 1204334
TI  - Haemolymph proteins in Porcellio laevis latreille (Porcellionidae, Isopoda): the
      molecular weight.

PMID- 1204335
TI  - The effects of allatectomy on the lipid composition of the fat body and
      haemolymph of adult Locusta.

PMID- 1204336
TI  - A note on studies of in vitro protein synthesis in temperature acclimated teleost
      tissues.

PMID- 1204337
TI  - Tocopherol distribution in the harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus.

PMID- 1204338
TI  - Six year experience in cardiovascular surgery at a community hospital.

PMID- 1204339
TI  - Treatment of pathological fractures.

PMID- 1204340
TI  - Post-abortal tetanus.

PMID- 1204342
TI  - Sickle cell hematuria controlled by epsilon aminocaproic acid.

PMID- 1204341
TI  - Delayed hepatotoxicity from methyldopa.

PMID- 1204343
TI  - Advances in clinical cardiology.

PMID- 1204344
TI  - The president's page. "Can't anyone here play this game?" Casey Stengel, c. 1962.

PMID- 1204345
TI  - Reflections from the dean's office.

PMID- 1204346
TI  - A Mobile Emergency Cardiac Care Unit: analysis of initial data.

PMID- 1204347
TI  - Advocacy and corruption in the healing professions.

PMID- 1204348
TI  - Must a patient be a "person" to be a patient or my uncle Charlie is not much of a
      person but he is still my uncle Charlie.

PMID- 1204349
TI  - Clinical assessment of subdermal implants of megestrol acetate, d-norgestrel, and
      norethindrone as a longterm contraceptive in women.

PMID- 1204350
TI  - Adnexal complications in women under treatment with progestogen implants.

PMID- 1204351
TI  - Study of blood coagulation in women treated with megestrol acetate implants.

PMID- 1204352
TI  - Induction of second trimester abortion. Comparison between Rivanol and
      prostaglandin F2alpha regarding time factors and complications.

PMID- 1204353
TI  - Hormonal contraception. Sequential formulations and the endometrium.

PMID- 1204354
TI  - Prostaglandin F2alpha disappearance and concentration in amniotic fluid and blood
      of women undergoing abortion with intra-amniotic hypertonic saline.

PMID- 1204355
TI  - Important factors in the use-effectiveness of the copper-T-200 IUD.

PMID- 1204356
TI  - Results of hospital rehabilitation of 1000 patients with myocardial infarction.
AB  - Hospital rehabilitation of patients with myocardial infarction was conducted
      according to the model worked out by the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw and
      modified at the Department of Cardiology of the Medical Academy in Lublin.
      According to their clinical condition, the patients were divided into 3 groups.
      Group A comprised patients with extensive myocardial infarction and
      complications; duration of hospital stay was 28 days. Group B included patients
      with extensive infarction without complications; hospital stay was 21 days. Group
      C included patients with limited myocardial necrosis and a mild course of the
      disease, and duration of stay of 14 days. Out of 1000 patients with myocardial
      infarction 134 (13.4%) died within the first 4 days after admission, i.e. before
      the beginning of rehabilitation treatment; 56 (5.6%) died during rehabilitation.
      The group of patients undergoing rehabilitation treatment comprised 866 patients
      (86.6%), including 382 (44.1%) in group A, 404 (46.6%) In group B, and 80 (9.3%)
      in group C. The mean duration of hospital stay of all patients with myocardial
      infarction was 24.3 days; in 80 cases (9.9%) it was 14 days, in 397 cases (49.0%)
      21 days, and in 236 cases (29.1%) 28 days. In 97 cases (12.0%) hospitalization
      was longer than 28 days. Work was resumed by 30% of white and blue collar workers
      and 89.5% or farmers within the productive age groups.

PMID- 1204357
TI  - Changes in the plasma kinin system in patients with myocardial infarction.
AB  - The levels of kininogen, prekallikrein and kininase activity in the plasma of 54
      patients with myocardial infarction were studied. It was demonstrated that in
      acute myocardial infarction (during the first two days after its onset) the level
      of kininogen and that of prekallikrein decreased simultaneously. After two weeks
      of the disease both these parameters returned to the values obtained in healthy
      controls. No correlation was observed between the degree of fall of kininogen and
      prekallikrein levels on the one hand, and the extent of myocardial infarction, on
      the other. Complications of myocardial infarction in the form of shock and
      pulmonary oedema affected only the level of kininogen which decreased, while they
      were without effect on prekallikrein. Kininase activity was reduced in all cases
      of myocardial infarction and did not change for two weeks. It seems likely that
      the biological activity of kinins in myocardial infarction may rise owing to
      their inadaequate breakdown by kininase.

PMID- 1204358
TI  - Characteristic features of the differential sphygmogram in peripheral vascular
      dilation.
AB  - Characteristic features of differential sphygmogram were investigated in persons
      in whom the radial circulation had been interrupted in order to produce a partial
      distension of muscular-type arteries and minute peripheral vessels. Eighteen
      subjects aged 20-35 years were examined. The differential and volume sphygmograms
      were recorded in the radial artery. After a five-minute stoppage of the
      circulation, the following characteristic features of the differential
      sphygmogram were observed: 1) the differential curve assumed the shape of a
      triangle with a broad base; 2) the amplitudes of all wave components decreased,
      the B wave disappeared, the V2 wave was minimal, and the t2 time considerably
      extended. The ratios V2/V1 and V2/(V1 +V2) were considerably diminished. These
      ratios may serve as fundamental criteria for the appraisal of vascular elastic
      properties in an intact organism.

PMID- 1204359
TI  - Changes in microcirculation and oxygen pressure in the liver and kidneys in
      experimental traumatic shock.
AB  - Changes in microcirculation and oxygen pressure in the liver and kidneys were
      studied in experiments on 42 rats in the course of experimental traumatic shock
      elicited by Cannon's methoicroscope with a microphoto adapter MFN-12. Oxygen
      pressure was recorded with the aid of active open hemispheric platinum electrodes
      with diameters of 150-200 mum. With advencing shock, considerable disturbances of
      microcirculation and PO2 occurred in hepatic and renal tissues. By the end of the
      torpid phase of the shock, the PO2 in the liver sank to 1/2.4, and in the
      kidneys, to less than 1/4 of the respective initial values. The changes in
      microcirculation were of an ischaemic, vasospastic type in the kidneys, and of a
      mosaic pattern in the liver: ischaemic segments alternated with areas fully
      supplied with blood. A severe and rapid course of shock was accompanied by more
      marked disturbances of PO2 and circulation in hepatic and renal terminal vessels.

PMID- 1204360
TI  - Perceptual and linguistic factors in the language impairment of developmental
      dysphasics: an experimental investigation with the token test.
AB  - Twelve developmental dysphasics and twelve control children were tested on De
      Renzi and Vignolo's Token Test. The performance of the dysphasics, though
      significantly poorer than that of the controls on Parts 2-5 of the test, seemed
      to follow a similar pattern. Both groups were errorless on the initial parts of
      the test. As the demand on auditory retention increased on subsequent parts of
      the test, the performance of both groups progressively deteriorated. However, the
      addition of grammatical complexity on Part 5, rather than causing even further
      deterioration in performance, actually served to improve the performance of both
      groups, though not significantly. Although the pattern of errors made by the two
      groups was similar, the quantity of errors made by the dysphasics, as compared to
      the normal control children, demonstrated the magnitude of the dysphasic
      children's receptive language impairment. Analysis of errors indicated that
      dysphasic children have greater difficulty with auditory retention and verbal
      memory than they do with the grammatical or structural complexity of language. It
      is suggested that the observed gross language impairment of developmentally
      dysphasic children does not result, at least primarily, from a specific inability
      to analyze the linguistic components of language. Rather, the language impairment
      of these children appears to reflect their primary inability to analyze the rapid
      stream of acoustic information which characterizes speech and is essential to
      normal speech perception and language development.

PMID- 1204361
TI  - Effects of dichotically presented simulatneous synchronous and delayed auditory
      feedback on key tapping performance.
AB  - A selective replication of Tsunoda's (1966) application of the DAF key tapping
      paradigm to the study of functional auditory asymmetry was conducted. Present
      findings do not offer confirmation of Tsunoda's assertion that most subjects will
      exhibit performance disruption at a lower intensity level when a vowel is delayed
      at the right ear and when a pure tone is delayed at the left ear. In the present
      study, it was found that no difference existed between the pure tone and the
      vowel delayed to the left ear conditions in terms of performance deterioration.
      The significant difference in performance disruption between the vowel delayed to
      the right ear condition and the pure tone delayed to the right ear condition was
      interpreted to be suggestive of functional auditory asymmetry.

PMID- 1204362
TI  - Recognition thresholds in the central and lateral visual fields following
      temporal lobectomy.
AB  - This study examined recognition thresholds for patients wtih unilateral left or
      right temporal lobectomy and for normal subjects. Material was projected
      tachistoscopically and successively to the center, left, and right visual fields.
      Stimuli were random designs and three-letter words oriented vertically. The
      recognition thresholds of the left temporal and normal groups were comparable,
      for both sets of stimuli. In contrast, the right temoral group was impaired in
      the recognition of words and random designs in the central and lateral fields.
      Results were seen to reflect the processing of units of visual information,
      whether in the form of letters or random designs, which at this elementary level
      relates to the right temporal lobe functioning.

PMID- 1204363
TI  - Patterns of hand preference in a student population.
AB  - The handedness of 1599 college students was assessed using a modification of
      Annett's (1967) inventory. The addition of a strength of preference scale makes
      the "mixed" classification a better indicator of ambidexterity than in the
      original inventory by eliminating from it subjects who show preference for the
      same hand for nearly all tasks. Contrary to previous reports, sex was not
      significantly related to handedness. It was found that a family history of left
      handedness was significantly related to the handedness of the subject. The
      present form of the Annett inventory provides an easily scorable inventory for
      determining handedness of large groups as well as for use in individual testing
      situations. A further advantage of the present inventory is the ease with which
      data may be transferred by key-punch operators prior to special analysis or
      sorting procedures.

PMID- 1204364
TI  - Aphasia with infarction in the territory of the anterior cerebral artery.
AB  - Two right-handed patients with clinical evidence of major infarction in the
      territory of the left anterior cerebral artery developed a profound but transient
      aphasia characterized by (1) a striking dissociation between intact repetition
      and grossly disturbed spontaneous conversational speech, (2) an absence of
      phonemic paraphasia, (3) a lack of speech inhibition and (4) relative
      preservation of conformation naming and comprehension. Despite the initially
      profound motor aphasia, servicable spontaneous conversational speech returned in
      two to three months. However, more subtle changes in the form of lack of speech
      initiative and difficulties in narrating stories and describing complex pictures,
      remained many months after the onset. In these patients the major features of the
      disturbance could not be explained only on the basis of an interruption of the
      downgoing pathway from the dominant motor speech area, and in fact, may have been
      due to damage to the superior and mesial pre-motor area (particularly the
      supplementary motor region), an area that has been shown to play a role in
      processes which govern the initiation, continuation and inhibition of speech.

PMID- 1204365
TI  - Incidence of laterality effects in mandibular and manual performance of dichoptic
      visual pursuit tracking.
AB  - In dichotic pursuit auditory tracking tasks (PAT) subjects match a continuously
      varying pure tone presented to one ear with a second tone presented to the other
      ear and controlled by unidimensional movements of part of their motor system. In
      previous studies in which tonal frequency was varied, performance was
      significantly better when the tone controlled by a speech articulator (tongue,
      jaw) was presented to the right ear, rather than the left, but not if the tone
      was hand controlled. This study examined a visual analog of the PAT in which
      subjects matched the vertical position of a continually moving horizontal line
      (target) presented on one side of their point of fixation, with a second line
      (cursor) presented on the other side of their fixation point. Two predictions
      were confirmed for 12 right handed subjects: that there would be no significant
      laterality effect for articulatory (jaw) tracking because previous auditory
      tracking findings were speech related; and, that there would be a significant
      laterality effect (cursor right field-left hemisphere) for right hand tracking
      because of the development of a specialized sensorimotor integration mechanism
      for eye-right hand coordination in the left hemisphere. Alternative explanations
      for the right hand tracking results, and for the nonsignificant trend towards a
      laterality effect (cursor left field-right hemisphere) for left hand tracking,
      were discussed.

PMID- 1204366
TI  - A tapping test in apraxia.
AB  - An enigma in understanding the mechanism of motor apraxia is why patients with
      disease restricted to the left hemisphere cannot imitate motions with the left
      hand despite intact visual motor apparatus. Liepmann suggested that motor
      memories are stored in the left hemisphere and that in apraxia these engrams are
      either destroyed or separated from the right hemisphere. If Liepmann's hypothesis
      is correct, then, in addition to poor performance on commands and imitation,
      there should be poor performance in a motor task. To ascertain if there is a
      motor defect of the non-paretic hand of apraxic patients, twenty apraxic patients
      were given a rapid finger tapping test and their performance was compared with
      the left hand performance of aphasic right hemiparetic non-apraxic controls. The
      aptaxic group performed this task significantly slower than the control group,
      thereby giving support to Liepmann's hypothesis of apraxia.

PMID- 1204367
TI  - Grammatical impairment in developmental aphasia.
AB  - The language production of a 23 year old patient with developmental aphasia
      caused by birth injury was analyzed in detail within the framework of Chomsky's
      generative grammar. It was shown that different stages of grammatical development
      occur simultaneously, without the predominance of those grammatical forms which
      are identical with or close to adult grammar. Thus the language of this patient
      with developmental aphasia is quite comparable to the language of children from 3
      to 6, and shares many features with grammatical impairment well known from
      agrammatism and paragrammatism in adult aphasia. It was suggested that in
      developmental aphasia incomplete linguistic generalizations are related to an
      incomplete maturation of inhibitory functions during language acquisition,
      whereas in adult aphasia comparable forms of less advanced grammars are set free
      by dissolution of function.

PMID- 1204368
TI  - The lateralized effects of concurrent cognitive activity on a unimanual skill.
AB  - Laterality studies have long been plagued by: (1) poor psychological methodology;
      (2) lack of specification of treatment parameters' and (3) exclusive use of left
      hemisphere dependent measures. It was suspected that a recent study by Kinsbourne
      and Cook (1971) suffered from these faults. The present experimental findings
      confirm these original suspicions. Both spatial and verbal cognitive tasks were
      employed and comparisons made with performance during two control conditions. One
      was a mixed spatial-verbal activity, the other control required S to merely look
      at a blank card. While left-hand performance was enhanced under the verbal
      concurrent activities, when compared with performance under control (spatial
      verbal) conditions, no other significant enhancement of performance occurred with
      any other concurrent activity condition. With the "No Activity Specified" control
      some support for the Kinsbourne study was found. However, the major finding, or
      implication, of this study was in demonstrating that the methodological problems
      outlined above cannot be ignored if worthwhile laterality studies are to be
      performed.

PMID- 1204369
TI  - Gerstmann syndrome without aphasia: comments on the paper by Strub and Geschwind.

PMID- 1204370
TI  - Gerstmann syndrome without aphasia: a reply to Poeck and Orgass.

PMID- 1204371
TI  - A new system of radiology reporting.

PMID- 1204372
TI  - Section II: ileostomy.

PMID- 1204373
TI  - Section III: the management of nonintubated cutaneous urinary conduits.

PMID- 1204374
TI  - Section I: colostomy.

PMID- 1204375
TI  - Section IV: special aspects of ostomies in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 1204377
TI  - Extradural hematomas in children. 104 cases.
AB  - The authors have studied the clinical features of 104 extradural hematomas in
      children. The frequency of this complication seems rather high and its severity
      undeniable. 17 cases were observed in newborns and 2 cases were localized in the
      posterior fossa. From a clinical point of view, 57% of the children had no
      disturbances in consciousness at the time of the injury, and 7% had no
      disturbances at anytime. A lucid interval was found in 68% of the cases, and this
      was less than 24 h in 60% of the cases. In 19% of the cases there was no skull
      fracture. Angiography allowed correct diagnosis and a better choice of the
      surgical technique. The hematoma was distinctly localized in 59 children, whereas
      it was widespread in 45, meaning that, excepting the coronal suture, the cranial
      sutures do not limit the spreading of an extradural hematoma. For treatment the
      authors prefer a bone flap with four or five holes (90 operations). The results
      are rather unsatisfactory. 18 patients died and in 21 (7.2%) the motor sequelae
      were the most important complications.

PMID- 1204376
TI  - Advantages of the prone position for neurosurgical procedures on the upper
      cervical spine and posterior cranial fossa in children.
AB  - The authors have reviewed the charts of 107 patients undergoing 119 surgical
      procedures in the prone position for posterior fossa or upper cervical lesions.
      The intraoperative complications encountered include cardiac arrhythmia,
      respiratory complications, cardiac arrest, hypothermia, air embolus and technical
      difficulties. In all but three children the problems were minor and easily
      remedied. The use of controlled ventilation appears to reduce blood loss, permits
      excellent relaxation of the exposed tissues and had some anesthetic advantages.

PMID- 1204378
TI  - Schizencephaly: a clinical study and review.
AB  - Schizencephaly is a rare malformation in which symmetrical portions of the
      cerebral mantle fail to develop. It should be differentiated by angiography and
      pneumography from the porencephalies that follow destructive lesions and from the
      prognostically more favorable subdural hematomas and effusions. If the diagnosis
      of this anomaly can be firmly established short of surgical exploration,
      operation or further treatment of any kind is not, in the authors opinion,
      warranted.

PMID- 1204379
TI  - Technique of fontanelle and persutural ventriculoscopy and endoscopic ventricular
      surgery in infants.
AB  - The author describes a new type of neurosurgical operating telescope which makes
      possible the foundation of endoneurosurgery. Illumination through a fibre-optic
      bundle and image transmission through a series of coated air lenses in glass are
      based on Hopkins optical systems. The telescope is 2.6 mm in external diameter.
      The operating sheath introduced around the telescope by means of split obturators
      which dilate the telescope track, enlarges the external diameter of the
      instrument to 4.5 mm. Up to four special instruments (electrode, aspirating
      cannula, accessory light, perfusing cannula, scissors) or a grasping forceps can
      be introduced through the instrument sheath. The instrument can be introduced,
      using a sharp trocar, through the fontanelle or lambdoid suture in infants and
      through a burr hole in children. It has been used for third ventriculoscopy and
      choroid plexus coagulation. The latter has been carried out successfully through
      the anterior fontanelle and the lambdoid suture, bilaterally in 2-4 stages.
      Complications  - one meningitis - have been the exception.

PMID- 1204380
TI  - Expansion of central arachnoid pouches.
AB  - Three case of central arachnoid pouches or cysts which are freely in
      communication with the subarachnoid space and cause hydrocephalus are reported.
      One case died; the second recovered following transtentorial opening of a huge
      cystic cavity located between the tentorium and the cerebellum, which opened into
      the cisterna magna. The patient was well although mentally retarded 6 years
      later. The third case was treated with a ventriculoatrial shunt and has fully
      recovered.  In these cases, the shape and situation of the pouches are consistent
      with a processes of upward movement of CSF. In the CSF waves, originating from
      constant variations of venous pressure, there is an obvious aetiological factor.
      Even if the hydrocephalus were primary and the pouch secondary, the pouch might
      contribute to the progression of the former by occasional compression of the
      aqueduct. This can be another example of the way hydrocephalus leads to its own
      exacerbation.

PMID- 1204381
TI  - Intracranial abscess: treatment by continuous catheter drainage.
AB  - 15 children with brain abscesses were subjected to continuous catheter drainage
      as the procedure of choice for a solitary encapsulated abscess. Although many
      still advocate craniotomy and total excision, this series, coupled with the
      experience of others in the literature, leaves little doubt that catheter
      drainage alone is sufficient. The simplicity of creating a burr hole under local
      anesthesia, the ability to irrigate with antibiotics and then outline the cavity
      with contrast agents are but a few of the advantages of this method.

PMID- 1204382
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment of lesions of the lower spinal region in coal
      miners].

PMID- 1204383
TI  - [Social results of rehabilitation of patients with lesions of the cervical cord].

PMID- 1204384
TI  - [Osteosynthesis of trochanteric fractures of the femur from the distal approach].

PMID- 1204385
TI  - [Closed ruptures of the biceps brachii muscle].

PMID- 1204386
TI  - [Behavior of succinate dehydrogenase in the embryonic enchondral ossification in
      man].

PMID- 1204387
TI  - [Infection complicating total hip replacement].

PMID- 1204388
TI  - [Neck-shaft angle behavior following Salter's osteotomy of the pelvis].

PMID- 1204389
TI  - [Results of surgical tibia lengthening].

PMID- 1204390
TI  - [Calcitonin therapy in juvenile idiopathic osteoporosis].

PMID- 1204391
TI  - [Fibroma desmoplasticum ossis femoris].

PMID- 1204392
TI  - [Ileus in childhood].

PMID- 1204393
TI  - [Treatment of peptic esophageal stenosis in childhood].
AB  - Among a total of 82 children treated conservatively and surgically for hiatal
      hernia and gastro-esophageal malposition (Lortat-Jacob) 14 cases (17%) of peptic
      stenosis of the esophagus was observed. In an evaluation of the etiology of
      peptic esophageal stenosis the importance of anatomical growth and morphological
      changes of the cardia during infancy is stressed. Analysis of patient data
      revealed an unusually short period of stenotic manifestation after the first
      symptoms of reflux had been noted. Fundoplication with or without bouginage on an
      endless string seems to constitute the most beneficial form of therapy.

PMID- 1204394
TI  - [Critical notes on the transport of patients with cervical spinal cord injuries].
AB  - Patients with a cervical spine injury who cannot be taken to a special centre
      immediately after the accident should be transferred to such a centre only when
      one is sure that no additional transportation trauma will be produced. The
      fracture cervical spine must be adequately stabilized during transportation. The
      partial oxygen pressure must not be lower than 60 mm Hg and one should wait at
      least 1 week post removal of tracheostomy tube. An acute stress ulcer (melaena)
      also has to be excluded.

PMID- 1204396
TI  - [Pathology of breast carcinoma].

PMID- 1204395
TI  - [Osteosynthesis with external tensors].

PMID- 1204397
TI  - [Directions for the surgical treatment of breast carcinoma].

PMID- 1204398
TI  - [Radiotherapeutic measures in the treatment plan of breast carcinoma].

PMID- 1204399
TI  - [Contribution to the surgical and cytostatical treatment of multiple abdominal
      and hepatic echinococcosis].
AB  - This is a report on 5 patients with multiple liver and abdominal echinococcosis.
      Besides surgical treatment the cytostatic Cyclophosphamide (=Endoxan) has been
      used in all cases. With this combined treatment there has been no recurrence. At
      this time the cytostatic-surgical combination treatment represents the therapy of
      choice in multiple echinococcosis. It remains to be seen whether a specific drug
      therapy will displace these methods in the near future.

PMID- 1204400
TI  - [Comparative strength analysis of selected osteosynthesis materials for
      pertrochanteric femoral fractures].
AB  - Four commercially available hip-fixation devices for stable fixation of
      pertrochanteric fractures were selected for a biomechanical evaluation, in order
      to determine, which construction would best support the load of weight-bearing in
      postoperative period. Intramedullar nailing by Lezius, Kuntscher or Ender showed
      less bending moments than trifin nail-plates or extramedullar plate attachments
      with plate angles of 130 degrees or 95 degrees, so that bending tension of Lezius
      nails were reduced compared to other implants in a proportion of 1.1,6:1,8:2,7.
      Whenever possible intramedullar nailing should be preferred. For extramedullar
      fixation of pathologic or unstable pertrochanteric fractures a double-T-plate was
      constructed, which shows a 3-fold load resistance of a Lezius-nail, 5-fold load
      bearing of a 130 degree plate or a trifin nail combination and a 8-fold higher
      stress tolerance than a 95 degree-plate.

PMID- 1204402
TI  - [Papillotomy forceps for simultaneous withdrawal of tissue matrix].

PMID- 1204401
TI  - [Results of the fixation of pertrochanteric fractures by condyle nails using
      Ender's and Simon-Weidner methods].
AB  - 2 year-results are reported after intramedullary fixation of pertrochenteric
      fractures with the so-called "feather nails" of Ender and Simon-Weidner. The
      procedure is discussed with special references to possible complications. This
      method performed with the necessary experience represents a real progress in the
      treatment of pertrochenteric fractures.

PMID- 1204403
TI  - [A supporting prosthesis for the TEP St. George in insufficiency of the pelvis].

PMID- 1204404
TI  - [Extraction forceps for hip joint prosthesis].

PMID- 1204405
TI  - [An unusual accident, traumatic dissection of the abdominal aorta].

PMID- 1204406
TI  - [Difficulties and complications in the surgical treatment of inguinal hernias in
      patients having received sclerosing injections].

PMID- 1204407
TI  - [3 cases of familial juvenile polyposis].

PMID- 1204408
TI  - [Early postoperative complications specific to partial gastrectomy].

PMID- 1204409
TI  - [A further case of esophageal perforation by tracheal intubation during general
      anesthesia].

PMID- 1204410
TI  - [Laryngectomy with reconstruction of the larynx].

PMID- 1204411
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of a non-aneurysmal atheromatous popliteal artery].

PMID- 1204412
TI  - [Pean's operation for gastric ulcer. Remarks apropos of 223 operations].

PMID- 1204413
TI  - [Cystic dilatation of the choledochus. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 1204414
TI  - [An unusual case of congenital cystic dilatation of the choledochus].

PMID- 1204415
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis, complication of hydatid cysts of the liver opening into the
      biliary tract].

PMID- 1204417
TI  - [18 years of surgery of common bile duct calculi without external biliary
      drainage. Evaluation of sphincterotomy].

PMID- 1204416
TI  - [Analysis of statistics of 76 cases of acute pancreatitis in Tunisia].

PMID- 1204418
TI  - [A day of surgery in France. National statistical survey].

PMID- 1204419
TI  - [Digital reimplantations with vascular and nerve micro-anastomosis. Apropos of 5
      cases, 4 of them successful].

PMID- 1204420
TI  - [Aneurysm of the celiac trunk].

PMID- 1204421
TI  - Partially sighted Swedish schoolchildren.
AB  - 812 visually handicapped children aged 7-21 years and educated by black print are
      investigated with regard to the degree and cause of visual impairment. The rate
      of visually handicapped children amounted to around 0.7 o/oo, boys being more
      frequently afflicted than girls. The causes were most often prenatal; 30% of
      genetic origin, 15% caused by pre- or perinatal damage and 40% of prenatal origin
      which could not be specified. Some of the more common clinical entities are
      discussed. The importance of preventing an additional functional amblyopia in the
      visually handicapped child is stressed.

PMID- 1204422
TI  - [Stability series of nitrogenous base pairs of nucleic acids].

PMID- 1204423
TI  - [Kinetic and spectral parameters of naphthalene hydroxylation by intact and
      induced enzyme systems of liver microsomes].

PMID- 1204424
TI  - [DNA synthesis in rat lymphoid organs during adaptation to high-altitude
      conditions].

PMID- 1204425
TI  - [Relation of the content and concentration of enzymatic oxidation products to the
      dimensions of coacervate drops].

PMID- 1204426
TI  - [Gel electrophoretic determination of DNA antibodies].

PMID- 1204427
TI  - [Hybridization of rat thymus nuclear RNA with repeating and unique DNA
      sequences].

PMID- 1204428
TI  - [1st order spinal neurons in the flexor reflex afferent system].

PMID- 1204429
TI  - [Use of a UV microbeam for studying chromosome distribution in interphase
      nuclei].

PMID- 1204430
TI  - [Repair hypothesis and effect of caffeine on the induction of complete mutants in
      yeasts].

PMID- 1204432
TI  - [Biocoenetic regulation of the growth and development of Culex pipiens pipiens
      (L.) larvae].

PMID- 1204431
TI  - [Hybrid molecules of phage lambda DNA and Co1 E1 plasmid].

PMID- 1204433
TI  - [Method of selective damage to cells with different levels of ribonucleic acid
      synthesis].

PMID- 1204434
TI  - [Architectonics of the collagen framework of skeletal muscle].

PMID- 1204436
TI  - [Anomalous kinetics in the "ping-pong" mechanism].

PMID- 1204435
TI  - [Proton magnetic resonance study of the molecular organization of photoreceptor
      membranes].

PMID- 1204437
TI  - [Nature of the hypochromic effect in 2-stranded polynucleotides: role of hydrogen
      bonds].

PMID- 1204438
TI  - [Role of protein synthesis in the regulation of replication of RNA-containing
      bacteriophages].

PMID- 1204439
TI  - [Cyclization of mouse chromosomal DNA as a result of the complementary
      interaction of single-stranded portions in regions of partial denaturation].

PMID- 1204440
TI  - [DNA cytophotometric study of closely related species of aphids with different
      karyotypes].

PMID- 1204441
TI  - [Modeling the reaction mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of esters as 1 approach
      to the study of enzymatic reactions of hydrolysis].

PMID- 1204442
TI  - [Cytoplasmic RNA of rat liver].

PMID- 1204443
TI  - [Method of preparing subcellular fractions of tissue. Isolation and
      morphobiochemical characteristics].

PMID- 1204444
TI  - [Dextranase of Penicillium purpurogenum (Ftoll)].

PMID- 1204445
TI  - [Neural pathway of entry of vitamin B1 into the central nervous system].

PMID- 1204447
TI  - [System of n "predator-prey" pairs connected by competition].

PMID- 1204446
TI  - [Effect of hypodynamia on the formation of erythropoietic properties of plasma].

PMID- 1204448
TI  - [Biologically active stable radicals. Paramagnetic model of mescaline].

PMID- 1204450
TI  - Karotype of Dicrostonyx torquatus chionapaes Allen and an unusual chromosome
      mechanism of sex determination in Palearctic pied lemmings.

PMID- 1204449
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of adrenal cortex structure in domesticated silver
      fox females].

PMID- 1204451
TI  - [Structure of bacteriophage T2 capsid].

PMID- 1204452
TI  - [3-dimensional reconstruction of the extended tail of bacteriophage H17 of
      Bacillus mycoides].

PMID- 1204453
TI  - [Crystallization of DNA fragments from aqueous-saline solutions].

PMID- 1204454
TI  - [Cytoplasmic inhibitor of transcription processes in rat liver].

PMID- 1204455
TI  - [Mechanism of packing DNA into the head of bacteriophage lambda].

PMID- 1204456
TI  - [Active component of beta-actinin proparations].

PMID- 1204457
TI  - [Reversibility of the effects of antibody action on the electrical
      characteristics of neuronal membranes].

PMID- 1204458
TI  - [Activity of tissue hyaluronidase in albino rat kidney during dehydration and
      action of exogenous antidiuretic hormone].

PMID- 1204459
TI  - [Theoretical conformational analysis or uridine-2', 3'-cyclophosphate and its
      noncovalent complex with ribonuclease S].

PMID- 1204460
TI  - [Multicellular biochemical system regulating hydrochloric acid secretion in the
      rat stomach].

PMID- 1204461
TI  - [Informational role of action potentials in Acetabularia cells].

PMID- 1204462
TI  - [Postsynaptic specializations in the cat spinal cord].

PMID- 1204463
TI  - [Biosynthesis and properties of a cyclic tetrapyrrole precursor of vitamin B 12].

PMID- 1204464
TI  - [Relation of the biological activity of bacteriophage lambda DNA to the structure
      of the "cohesive" ends].

PMID- 1204466
TI  - [Biomechanics of the amphibian skull].

PMID- 1204465
TI  - [Steroid glycosides from the leaves of Agava americana L].

PMID- 1204467
TI  - [Mechanism of the activating effect of the reticular formation on the cerebral
      cortex].

PMID- 1204468
TI  - [Existence of a potassium functional feedback in neuromuscular synapses].

PMID- 1204469
TI  - [Unity of phenotypic manifestations in genetically different groups of living
      organisms].

PMID- 1204470
TI  - [Preparation in crystalline form of catalase from Penicillium vitale Pidopl. et
      Bilai].

PMID- 1204471
TI  - [The carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benz(a)pyrene in volcanic
      eruptions].

PMID- 1204472
TI  - [Activation of prothrombin by thrombin immobilized on agarose].

PMID- 1204473
TI  - [Antibodies (IgG) to gastrin in the blood of healthy humans and animals].

PMID- 1204474
TI  - [Energy metabolism of the khamsa Engraulis encrasicholus L. in groups and as
      individuals and anesthetized with quinaldine].

PMID- 1204475
TI  - [Spectral changes in the ultraviolet region during irradiation of rhodopsin in
      the temperature range 1--25 degrees].

PMID- 1204476
TI  - [Protein composition of bacteriophage T4D base plates].

PMID- 1204477
TI  - [Specific binding of medium invertase by yeast cell surfaces during regulation of
      invertase formation].

PMID- 1204478
TI  - [Presynaptic action of the organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor armin on the
      neuromuscular synapse of the frog sartorius muscle].

PMID- 1204479
TI  - [Differing sensitivity of synaptic inputs to amphibian motoneurons to calcium and
      magnesium ion deficiencies].

PMID- 1204480
TI  - [Acoustic analysis by dolphins of impulse sounds].

PMID- 1204481
TI  - [Ionic mechanisms of stimulating the postsynaptic membrane of invertebrate
      central nervous system neurons].

PMID- 1204483
TI  - [Karyotypic differentiation of Palaearctic hamsters (Rodentia, Cricetinae)].

PMID- 1204484
TI  - [Limitation of the action of restriction endonucleases by DNA-binding
      antibiotics].

PMID- 1204485
TI  - [Heterogeneity and synthesis of nonhistone proteins of liver cell chromatin
      during the postnatal ontogenesis of albino rats].

PMID- 1204482
TI  - [Analysis of monomorphic gene markers in populations as a method of evaluating
      the mutagenicity of the surrounding medium].

PMID- 1204486
TI  - [Complex formation of copolymers of 4-vinylpyridine and 4-vinyl-cetylpyridinium
      bromide with serum albumin].

PMID- 1204487
TI  - [Spontaneous contractile activity of smooth muscle cells in the internal carotid
      artery].

PMID- 1204488
TI  - [Injection of mitotic poisons in liposomes as a method of increasing the
      sensitivity of cells resistant to these poisons].

PMID- 1204489
TI  - [Colchicine and the centromeric ring].

PMID- 1204490
TI  - [Intermembranous connective ultrastructures in microorganisms].

PMID- 1204491
TI  - [Effect of low intensity millimeter irradiation on the gamma-resonance spectra of
      hemoglobin].

PMID- 1204492
TI  - [Study of beta-amylolysis of glycogen fractions obtained by DEAE-cellulose
      chromatography].

PMID- 1204493
TI  - [Relation of vitamin A to protein biosynthesis in normal animals and animals
      exposed to ionizing radiation].

PMID- 1204494
TI  - [Localization of the effect of the regulation of beta-fructosidase biosynthesis
      in yeasts by the level of active enzyme in the medium].

PMID- 1204495
TI  - Organic nitrates in perspective.

PMID- 1204496
TI  - The metabolism of morphine and heroin in man.

PMID- 1204497
TI  - Halothane and the liver.

PMID- 1204498
TI  - Drug-resistant malaria: where it occurs and how to avoid it.

PMID- 1204499
TI  - Diuretics in hypertension.

PMID- 1204501
TI  - [Nomogram for the relation between plasma renin activity and fasting urinary
      sodium creatinine ratio (author's transl)].
AB  - Based on repeat measurements in 11 male and 12 female normal subjects, aged 20 to
      35 years, on normal, low and high sodium intake a nomogram for the relation
      between fasting urinary sodium creatinine ratio and plasma renin activity (PRA)
      is presented. The use of fasting urinary sodium creatinine ratio as index of
      sodium intake and hydration of the subject results in a better prediction of PRA
      as compared with 24-hour urinary sodium excretion. Although fasting urinary
      sodium creatinine ratio in normal subjects on a normal sodium intake varies
      between 0.2 and 1.6, a uniform increase of basal PRA is found only at a ratio of
      below 0.3. A ratio greater than 0.5 excludes any stimulation of PRA by low sodium
      intake and (or) dehydration of the subject. The shape of the nomogram should make
      it applicable independent of the method used for PRA assay, as soon as the
      variation of PRA in normal subjects with a urinary sodium creatinine ratio above
      0.5 is established.

PMID- 1204500
TI  - [Tolerance and immunogenicity of an attenuated live influenza virus vaccine in
      man (author's transl)].
AB  - The attenuated influenza-A-virus strain "Alice" (H3N2) - A Recombination from
      A2/England/72 and A/PR8 Mount Sinai/34 - was given intransally in drops (10(7,2)
      ID50 per dose), twice seven days apart. In a similar fashion, 25 healthy persons
      received placebos. Local antibodies were determined before and three weeks after
      the first vaccination from nasal irrigation fluid. The fluid was concentrated and
      adjusted to an IgA amount of 50 mg/l. Blood samples were obtained at similar
      intervals. Systemic antibody formation was comparable to that obtained with
      inactivated virus vaccine. There was good antibody formation against
      retrospective and prospective virus strains of the actual drift period. The
      conversion rate of antineuraminidase antibodies was comparable to that obtained
      with inactivated virus vaccine. The locally induced antibodies behaved
      predominantly in a strain-specific manner. However, there were also reactions
      with the virus strains Port Chalmers and Hong Kong. Live vaccine should in future
      be used in "drift" times, while inactivated virus vaccine should be used in shift
      periods (occurrence of new virus strains).

PMID- 1204502
TI  - [Preoperative radiotherapy of rectal and rectosigmoid carcinoma].

PMID- 1204503
TI  - Antibiotic-induced diarrhoea.

PMID- 1204504
TI  - Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical patients.

PMID- 1204505
TI  - Medical treatment of gallstones.

PMID- 1204506
TI  - Bufexamac: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in
      inflammatory dermatoses.

PMID- 1204507
TI  - Low-dose clonidine: a review of its therapeutic efficacy in migraine prophylaxis.
AB  - The demonstration that long-term administration of relatively low doses of
      clonidine decreased the responsiveness of blood vessels to vasodilator and
      vasoconstrictor drugs in animals led to its investigation in the prevention of
      migraine in man. Results of placebo-controlled and open therapeutic trials have
      shown that clonidine in low dosages (75 to 150 mug daily) is useful in preventing
      migraine headaches in about 30%-50% of patients. A 50% or greater reduction in
      headache frequency or headache indices has been reported in 40% of patients in
      controlled and open studies. Thus clonidine, like other drugs used in the
      interval therapy of migraine, can be expected to be effective in only a
      proportion of patients. Although clonidine has not been compared directly with
      other drugs used in the prophylactic treatment of migraine, the general clinical
      impression is that it is less effective then pizotifen or methysergide. Because
      it is relatively well tolerated at dosages of 75 to 150 mug daily it is worthy of
      a trial, particularly in patients considered to need prophylactic  migraine
      therapy for the first time, and when migraine occurs in association with
      hypertension. At the dosages used in migraine prophylaxis, which are almost
      invariably lower than used in hypertension, clonidine does not cause hypotension
      and can be used in patients with cardiovascular disease. The principal side
      effects are drowsiness and dry mouth which tend to diminish as treatment
      continues.

PMID- 1204508
TI  - Treatment of respiratory infections.

PMID- 1204509
TI  - [Histological classification of thyroid neoplasms and its implications].

PMID- 1204510
TI  - [Pyogenic spondylitis].

PMID- 1204511
TI  - [Orientation group as a part of the therapeutic community].

PMID- 1204512
TI  - [Injuries in working-group football].

PMID- 1204513
TI  - [Eye injuries caused by tear-gas weapons].

PMID- 1204514
TI  - [Insulin dosage in diabetics].

PMID- 1204515
TI  - [New antihypertensive drugs dilating the arterioles].

PMID- 1204516
TI  - [Lumbar spinal stenosis--a common but seldom diagnosed syndrome].

PMID- 1204517
TI  - [Hypertensive crisis therapy with sodium nitroprusside].

PMID- 1204518
TI  - [Chronically sick children nursed at home in Finland].

PMID- 1204519
TI  - [Clinical significance of bacteroides bacteremia].

PMID- 1204520
TI  - [Viral etiology of acute gastroenteritis].

PMID- 1204521
TI  - [Acute infectious gastroenteritis].

PMID- 1204522
TI  - [Non-parasitic chyluria].

PMID- 1204523
TI  - [Scientific research and the universities].

PMID- 1204525
TI  - [Intensive therapy of adult acute leukemia].

PMID- 1204524
TI  - [Current status of implementation of the public health law].

PMID- 1204526
TI  - [The physiology of pain].

PMID- 1204527
TI  - [Life insurance special issue 1975].

PMID- 1204528
TI  - [Insurance in Finnish society].

PMID- 1204529
TI  - [The Finnish system of individual insurances].

PMID- 1204530
TI  - [Estimation of risk in voluntary life- and disability insurance].

PMID- 1204532
TI  - [Occupational diseases].

PMID- 1204531
TI  - [Applications of the social insurance act].

PMID- 1204533
TI  - [Estimation of working ability in diseases and injuries of the locomotor system].

PMID- 1204534
TI  - [Estimation of working ability in psychiatric diseases].

PMID- 1204535
TI  - Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. A report of two cases with uveomeningoencephalic
      symptoms.

PMID- 1204536
TI  - Eyelid arteriovenous aneurysm.

PMID- 1204537
TI  - A case for empirical therapy in the management of anaemia in pregnancy in
      developing countries.

PMID- 1204538
TI  - An analysis of thyroid diseases seen at Kenyatta National Hospital.

PMID- 1204539
TI  - Myoclonic status in severe tetanus patients on diazepam.

PMID- 1204540
TI  - Torsion of the spleen in a two-year-old boy. Case report.

PMID- 1204541
TI  - [Spontaneous course of chronic gastritis].

PMID- 1204543
TI  - [Calculation and definition of stimulated gastric juice secretion].

PMID- 1204542
TI  - [Intensity and localization of inflammatory gastric mucosa changes in gastric
      ulcer, duodenal ulcer and stomach carcinoma. Studies on stomach resection
      preparations].

PMID- 1204544
TI  - [Studies on the effect of caffeine on the blood glucose, IRI-concentrations and
      lipolysis parameters in the man].

PMID- 1204545
TI  - Electromyography of the human bladder a preliminary report.

PMID- 1204546
TI  - The bandwidth of masseter electromyograms from bipolar surface electrodes.

PMID- 1204547
TI  - Preliminary report on a new approach to myoelectric control of an upper extremity
      orthesis.

PMID- 1204548
TI  - Electromyography in the early diagnosis of cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1204549
TI  - The relationship between myoelectric activity and muscle work in intermittent
      statical contractions.

PMID- 1204550
TI  - Electromyographic investigation of the superficial sphincter ani muscle (SSAM) in
      spinal cord injury.

PMID- 1204551
TI  - Absence of ischaemic muscular fatigue in the Lambert-Eaton Syndrome.

PMID- 1204552
TI  - A suitable type of wire for wire-electrodes.

PMID- 1204553
TI  - [Great saphenous vein as an arterial substitute].

PMID- 1204554
TI  - [Long-term drainage of vena cava inferior by means of silicified catheters].

PMID- 1204556
TI  - [Mathematical analysis of phonoenterograms].

PMID- 1204555
TI  - [Disorders of microcirculation in traumatic atelectasis].

PMID- 1204557
TI  - [Use of method of extracorporeal hemosorption in treatment of experimental acute
      poisoning].

PMID- 1204558
TI  - [Changes of liver function under the effect of suppurative diseases of the lungs
      and pleura].

PMID- 1204559
TI  - [Method of extracorporeal connection of the organ complexes, liver-kidney].

PMID- 1204560
TI  - [State of the vessels of synovial membranes in experimental arthritis and
      synovitis].

PMID- 1204561
TI  - [Changes in the vitreous body and aqueous humor after experimental removal of the
      lens].

PMID- 1204562
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities of scintigraphy in acute and chronic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1204563
TI  - [Operation for creation of a model of chronic arterial hypoxemia under
      experimental conditions].

PMID- 1204564
TI  - [Anesthesia under difficult conditions].

PMID- 1204565
TI  - [Ataralgesia with general anesthesia without muscle relaxants].

PMID- 1204566
TI  - [Recording of electropotentials of the bundle of His in patients with chronic
      coronary insufficiency during catheterization of cardiac cavities].

PMID- 1204567
TI  - [Effect of inhalation anesthetics (ether, fluothane, methoxyflurane) on the
      mechanism of respiration under conditions of spontaneous pulmonary ventilation].

PMID- 1204568
TI  - [Dynamics of the volume of circulating blood in relation to surgery].

PMID- 1204569
TI  - [Respiratory arrest during high spinal anesthesia (analysis of 70 observations)].

PMID- 1204570
TI  - Sodium chloride suppression of renin release in the unanesthetized rat.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that increased sodium chloride in drinking water
      failed to suppress serum renin activity (SRA) in the etheranesthetized rat. In
      the absence of anesthesia, sodium chloride decreased SRA by 76% and serum
      aldosterone by 72%. Deoxycorticosterone acetate, when given alone, produced
      similar results but was more effective in reducing SRA (96%) when combined with
      sodium chloride. However, if "light" ether anesthesia was administered prior to
      blood collection, there was a 10-fold increase in SRA and the effects of sodium
      chloride were blocked. Thus, in the absence of anesthesia, the renin-angiotensin
      aldosterone system of the rat responds, as in other species, to a sodium load.

PMID- 1204571
TI  - Site of iodination in the rat thyroid gland deduced from electron microscopic
      autoradiographs.
AB  - The site of iodination of protein in the thyroid gland (whether intracellular  or
      intraluminal)  was ascertained by autoradiographic studies using iodide-125I. In
      tissue fixed within about 40 sec after intravenous injection of radioiodide the
      silver grains of autoradiographs were concentrated over the follicular lumen
      generally as a ring of grains close to the apical border of the follicular cells.
      The zone of grains was sharply limited toward the cells. No concentration of
      silver grains was detected associated with any intracellular organelle. The
      autoradiographic ring which had a minimum width of about 2 mum was continuous
      along the apical plasma membrane of the follicle cells but there was a drastic
      reduction in grain density along the plasma membrane of the distal portion of
      pseudopods. Tissue was fixed so soon after radioiodide injection that it appeared
      likely that a negligible fraction of radioiodoprotein, if formed in the cell,
      could have been transferred to the lumen. The observations strongly indicate that
      the iodination of thyroglobulin occurs in the follicle lumen, probably at the
      apical surface of the follicle cells. Since in the TSH-treated animals the
      distribution of the labeling along the apical plasma membrane agrees well with
      the reported histochemical distribution of thyroperoxidase in this membrane, it
      is further concluded that iodination may well be catalyzed by peroxidase in the
      apical plasma membrane.

PMID- 1204572
TI  - Surface modifications evoked by estradiol and diethylstilbestrol in isolated
      endometrial cells: evidence from lectin probes and extracellular release of
      lysosomal protease.
AB  - Endometrial cells were isolated from the uteri of ovariectomized rats. The
      inhibitory effect of alpha-methyl-D-mannoside on fluorescein-labeled concanavalin
      A (Con A) binding to these cells indicates that they possess specific binding
      sites for Con A. The lectin also mediates adsorption of homologous erythrocytes
      to these cells. Both Con A binding and Con A-mediated hemadsorption to
      endometrial cells are depressed at 4 C compared with these functions in cells
      maintained at 22 C. Gross elevations in lectin-mediated hemadsorption to
      endometrial cells are evident following prior exposure to 1 X 10(-9)M
      concentrations of diethylstilbestrol (DES) or estradiol-17beta, but not to the
      physiologically inactive 17 alpha-epimer, at 22 C. The enhancement of
      hemagglutinability cannot be attributed to a corresponding increase in lectin
      binding at 22 C. Although estrogen treatment elicited significant increments in
      Con A binding as early as 5 min after addition of estrogen to cell suspensions,
      the increment in agglutination attributable to hormone treatment consistently
      ranged from 1.5-3 times greater than the increase in lectin binding. These
      estrogenic effects were reduced by incubation of the endometrial cells at 4 C or
      when cortisol, 3 X 10(-6)M, was present with estradiol-17beta. In parallel
      experiments, treatment with DES and estradiol-17beta, but not estradiol-17 alpha,
      also enhanced the release of cathepsin B 1 and acid phosphatase from uterine
      segments into the particle-free extracellular media in which the tissues had been
      incubated for 30-60 min. The marked increment in the extracellular activity of
      the lysosomal hydrolases induced by estrogen treatment was suppressed in cells
      incubated at 4 C or when cortisol was present concomitantly. These and related
      data suggest the hypothesis that acute increments in lysosomal hydrolase activity
      may contribute to cell surface alterations which have been described in both
      normal and aberrant processes of cell growth.

PMID- 1204573
TI  - Studies on luteolysis: effect of antiserum to luteinizing hormone on sterols and
      steroid levels in pregnant hamsters.
AB  - The effect of luteinizing hormone antiserum (LH A/S) on sterol and steroid levels
      in luteal and non-luteal ovarian compartments, and on serum steroid levels of
      pregnant hamsters, was studied. Injection (ip) of 0.1 ml of LH A/S on day 7
      caused termination of pregnancy and morphological regression of the corpus luteum
      (CL) within 18-20 h of treatment, whereas LH-free non-immune serum had no effect.
      Within 3 h of administration of LH A/S the luteal progesterone levels fell from a
      control value of 36.0 +/- 2.4 to 15.6 +/- 3.4 ng/mg, and estrogen from a control
      value of 20.8 +/- 3.4 to 12.2 +/- 1.5 pg/mg. By 12 h progesterone had dropped to
      7.3 +/- 0.3 ng/mg whereas estrogen was undetectable by radioimmunoassay. Serum
      progesterone fell in 3 h from 5.53 +/- 0.39 to 3.15 +/- 0.26 ng/ml whereas
      estrogen fell from 172 +/- 26 to 123 +/- 9 pg/ml. The progesterone content of non
      luteal ovarian tissue dropped in 3 h from 1.06 +/- 0.01 to 0.47 +/- 0.06 ng/mg
      and estrogen from 115.0 +/- 1.5 to 11.0 +/- 0.65 pg/mg. Both progesterone and
      estrogen were undetectable at 24 h. In the CL, free cholesterol concentration did
      not change significantly after A/S treatment, while esterified cholesterol
      increased from 2.82 +/- 0.14 to 4.14 +/- 0.25 mug/mg within 6 h and 5.52 +/- 0.17
      mug/mg by 12 h. The results suggest that LH plays a critical role in the
      maintenance of CL of early pregnancy in the hamster and that deprivation of LH,
      even for periods as short as 3 h, significantly influences steroid production.
      The accumulation of cholesterol esters following LH-deprivation suggests that
      loss of cholesteryl esterase activity could be one of the events leading to
      luteolysis.

PMID- 1204574
TI  - Effects of a non-steroidal antiandrogen on sexual behavior and pituitary-gonadal
      function in the male rat.
AB  - An investigation was conducted on the effects of the non-steroidal antiandrogen
      flutamide (F; alpha-alpha-alpha-tri-fluoro-2-methyl-4-nitro-m-propionotoluidide)
      on two neuroendocrine mechanisms in the male rat, androgen-dependent sexual
      behavior, and LH regulation. F was administered in the dose of 50 mg/kg/day SC.
      In intact, sexually experienced adult males, no quantitative or qualitative
      behavioral effects were noted. In long-term castrates, F completely suppressed
      the effects of 100 mug testosterone propionate (TP) per day on accessory sexual
      glands and penes, but only partially inhibited the marked stimulatory effects of
      this moderate TP dose on mating. Although the incidence of testosterone (T)
      activated ejaculatory behavior was markedly diminished, there was no
      statistically significant effect on occurrence of mount and intromission
      behavior. The rapid and profound elevations of circulating LH and T in intact
      males indicate an effective antagonism of the negative feedback effect of
      endogenous androgen, and suggest the usefulness of F as a provocative test of
      pituitary-testicular function. Pituitary LH response to exogenous LHRH was
      markedly enhanced, as previously found in castrated rats. The administration of F
      did not affect circulating T levels in T-treated or untreated castrates,
      indicating lack of interference of circulating F in the T assay. It was concluded
      that, like the steroidal antiandrogen cyproterone, non-steroidal F shows a
      divergence between its effects on peripheral androgen-dependent and central
      feedback mechanisms on the one hand, and sexual behavior on the other. It was not
      determined whether the inhibition of ejaculatory behavior following F treatment
      is centrally mediated or results from failure of the peripheral, androgen
      dependent structural or functional elements.

PMID- 1204575
TI  - Comparison of results from in situ and in vitro perfusions of rabbit uterus with
      labeled estrone and estradiol.
AB  - The interconversion of labeled estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in rabbit uterus
      was studied in vivo and in vitro, in order to evaluate the influence of
      incubation conditions upon the preferred direction of the reversible conversion
      of E2 to E1. In a typical experiment, one uterine horn was perfused
      intraluminally in situ with a mixture of [3H]E2 and [14C]E1, while the other horn
      was dissected and used for in vitro perfusions with the same tracers, both
      intraluminally and on tissue slices. The ratios of rate constants corresponding
      to the oxidative and reductive reactions were found to be similar under the three
      perfusion conditions, as calculated from the isotopic data. The rate constant of
      conversion of E1 to E2 was 10-20 times larger than the rate constant of the
      opposite reaction. Equal E2 nuclear saturation levels were obtained by perfusion
      of the uterine tissue with excess [3H]E2 in situ and in vitro after slicing.

PMID- 1204576
TI  - Blockade of testosterone-induced mounting behavior in the male rat with
      intracranial application of the aromatization inhibitor, androst-1,4,6,-triene
      3,17-dione.
AB  - Propylene glycol (glycol) solutions containing either testosterone (T) or
      estradiol (E2) were infused directly into the preoptic area (POA) of longterm
      castrated rats in order to reinstate male copulatory behavior. In addition,
      castrated males were administered T or E2 in the POA in combination with a
      steroid that has been shown to block the aromatization of testosterone to
      estradiol, androst-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione (ATD). The facilitatory action of
      testosterone on mounting behavior was blocked when it was given in combination
      with ATD. Animals treated in the POA with glycol +T, glycol +E2 or ATD + E2 all
      showed significant increases in mounting behavior over preimplant levels. There
      was no significant rise in the number of intromissions or ejaculations in any of
      the hypothesis that, at least for mounting behavior, aromatization is necessary
      for the stimulation of male sexual behavior by testosterone.

PMID- 1204577
TI  - Bone resorbing activity of vitamin D metabolites and congeners in vitro:
      influence of hydroxyl substituents in the A ring.
AB  - The vitamin D3 derivatives, 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3; 1alpha-hydroxy-3
      deoxyvitamin D3; 5,6-trans-vitamin D3; and 5,6-trans-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were
      tested for bone resorbing activity in vitro. 1alpha-Hydroxy-3-deoxyvitamin D3 and
      5,6-trans-vitamin D3 were inactive at concentrations as high as 10(-6)M. 1alpha
      Hydroxyvitamin D3 had significant effects on mineral and matrix resorption at
      concentrations of 2.5 X 10(-8)M and above, and was 2-3 orders of magnitude less
      potent than 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in this system. A concentration of 2.5 X 10(
      7)M of 5,6-trans-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was required to stimulate 45Ca release. The
      results indicate that 1) in the vitamin D3 series of compounds the presence of
      only one hydroxyl group in the molecule in either the 1alpha or the 3beta
      position in the A ring results in a compound with very limited or no direct
      effects on bone, and 2) the direct effects of vitamin D3 congeners on bone
      resorption do not require the presence of a 25-hydroxy group, but their activity
      is markedly enhanced by the 25-hydroxy group.

PMID- 1204579
TI  - The intratesticular localization of cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome P-450
      dependent enzymes in the rat testis.
AB  - Following separation of the seminiferous tubules from the interstitial cells in
      the rat testis, the amount of cytochrome P-450 and the activities of the
      cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes, the 17alpha-hydroxylase and the C17-C20
      lyase, were measured in the microsomes of the separated fractions. The amount of
      cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes recovered in the microsomal fraction of the
      interstitial cells ranged from 71 to 86% of the whole testis. However, in some
      experiments lower recoveries of the activities of the enzymes were attributed to
      the breakdown of cytochrome P-450 to cytochrome P-420. In all cases, less than
      10% of the testicular cytochrome P-450 and the cytochrome P-450-dependent
      steroidogenic enzymes were found in the tubular microsomes. Moreover, the
      specific activities of the 17 alpha-hydroxylase and the C17-C20 lyase were found
      to be 10 to 30 times higher in the interstitial tissue than in the seminiferous
      tubules of the rat testis. From these results, we have concluded that cytochrome
      P-450 and the activities of the cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes in the rat
      testis are predominantly, if not sole, located in the interstitial cells.

PMID- 1204578
TI  - Effects of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and Solanum glaucophyllum on intestinal
      calcium and phosphate transport and on plasma Ca, Mg and P levels in the rat.
AB  - The responses elicited by a single dose of either S. glaucophyllum (SG) or
      1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3) in vitamin D-deficient rats
      were qualitatively identical. Both compounds stimulated duodenal absorption of
      calcium and phosphate 3 h after administration, and the effects persisted for 96
      h. The SG effects on calcium transport were maximal at 6 h and exceeded the
      greatest response to 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 which occurred at 48 h. While the early SG
      effects on phosphate absorption exceeded those of 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3, the latter
      compound had a much greater effect at 48 h. Both SG and 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3
      produced marked hyperphosphatemia that was accompanied by hypocalcemia and
      transient hypermagnesemia at 3-6 h. The phosphatemia increased for 48 h in the
      1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 group and fell toward baseline between 48 and 96 h, while this
      parameter was maximal in the SG group at 3-12 h and returned to baseline values
      by 96 h. Plasma calcium levels tended to vary inversely with phosphorus
      concentrations and did not exceed baseline values until 48 h for the SG group and
      96 h for the 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 group. We suggest that the hypocalcemia is due to
      calcium phosphate precipitation. The quantitative differences in the effects on
      calcium and phosphorus metabolism may be dose-related. The responses to SG
      suggest that a gram of dried leaf has approximately the same activity as 1 mug of
      1alpha,25-(OH)2D3. It appears that the water-soluble SG factor has the same
      biological effects on Ca and P metabolism as does 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3.

PMID- 1204581
TI  - Evaluation of gossyplure, compared with hexalure, for monitoring pink bollworm
      infestations in cotton fields of Israel.
AB  - Gossyplure used to bait field traps at a dose of 50 micrograms admixed with 4-16
      milligrams of an antioxidant attracted and captured male pink bollworm moths
      early in the cotton-growing season (early May) in Israel, whereas 20 milligrams
      of hexalure plus antioxidant was completely inactive under identical conditions.
      Although gossyplure without antioxidant was inactivated through decomposition
      within ten days, the mixtures remained attractive for at least two months; the
      antioxidant also increased moth catches 2.5 fold. Monitoring data obtained with
      3000 gossyplure-baited traps, at one trap per 50 dunams, in cotton fields in the
      Beth-Shann region proved that capture thresholds of 5 moths/trap/night to the end
      of July and 8 moths/trap/night afterward were completely satisfactory for
      maintaining a low 2.8% average boll infestation for which only 5.8 insecticidal
      treatments were required during the entire growing season; results were even
      better in other areas of the country.

PMID- 1204580
TI  - Prolactin restores plasma testosterone levels and stimulates testicular growth in
      hamsters exposed to short day-length.
AB  - In male hamsters, light deprivation was reported to reduce both testis weight and
      prolactin (PRL) levels. Therefore, we decided to examine the effects of PRL on
      testicular function in hamsters exposed to short day-length. Adult hamsters were
      exposed to 5 h of light per day to induce gonadal atrophy, and, starting two
      months later, were injected daily with 300 mug PRL, 20 mug LH or 150 mug FSH
      daily for 2 1/2 weeks. In animals treated with PRL the concentration of
      testosterone in peripheral plasma, as well as the weights of the testes and the
      accessory reproductive glands, were significantly greater than in the controls.
      Treatment with LH or FSH had no effect on any of the parameters examined. It is
      suggested that changes in the rate of PRL release may mediate the effects of
      light on testicular function in the hamster and possibly, in other species.

PMID- 1204582
TI  - Cadmium, lead and zinc accumulation in soils near a smelter complex.
AB  - Concentrations of nitric acid extractable Cd, Pb and Zn in surface soils,
      predominated by partially decomposed litter, from 15 sites within 9.7 km of the
      lead-zinc smelter complex at Trail, British Columbia, Canada, attained 36.1,
      12123, and 1394 ppm but averaged 17.8, 2607, and 571 ppm, respectively. Although
      underlying mineral soils contained smaller concentrations of all three metals,
      the relative immobility of Pb and mobility of Zn were observed. A close
      association between Cd and Zn concentrations was reflected by significant
      correlations but variation of Pb concentration in surface soils was independent
      from concentrations of the other metals.

PMID- 1204583
TI  - Solvent extraction of cadmium from alkaline cyanide solutions with quaternary
      amines.
AB  - Quaternary amines are unique in their ability to extract metal cyanides from
      highly alkaline solutions. Cadmium cyanide extracts essentially quantitatively at
      both the subnanogram and macro levels. Regeneration of the amine solvent is
      achieved by stripping the cadmium with sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, or
      alkaline or acidic formaldehyde solutions. Because they readily extract free
      cyanide as well as anionic metab cyano complexes, the high-molecular-weight
      quaternary amines show considerable promise for industrial pollution abatement
      applications.

PMID- 1204584
TI  - Chlorination in dilute aqueous systems; 2,4,6-trichlorophenol.
AB  - Chlorination of wastewaters can cause extensive transformations of organic
      contaminants. In the case of phenol, the reaction path is only partially
      understood. In an effort to elucidate this reaction, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in
      dilute aqueous solution was treated with excess hypochlorous acid at pH 3.5-6.
      The major products were 2,6-dichloroquinone and 2,4,4,6-tetrachloro-2,5
      cyclohexadienone. Additional polychlorinated species are formed in minor amounts
      by the addition of chlorine and/or hypochlorous acid to the aromatic ring.

PMID- 1204585
TI  - Charged aerosol particles and air pollution.
AB  - Possible environmental effects and the importance of charged aerosol particles
      are examined. Some calculations of the evolution of the charge distribution of
      the atmospheric aerosol are presented. Several possible environmental effects of
      particle charge are noted including effects on particle coagulation, dry
      deposition, and deposition in the lung. Finally some problems in aerosol charging
      are reviewed as they pertain to various technical operations in air pollution
      control.

PMID- 1204586
TI  - Particle sizing of arc smokes by forward light scattering.
AB  - The polarization ratio method similar to that proposed by Kirker et al. has been
      applied to obtain size distribution for several types of metallic smoke
      particulates generated by a dc electric arc. Results are presented for carbon,
      tungsten and aluminum arc smokes. These results are compared with the average
      size of the particulates measured by the two-angle ratio method of Hodkinson and
      are found to be consistent and within experimental error. The optical system was
      calibrated with standard latex spheres in both cases. It is believed that the
      parameters of the arc smoke particulate systems should be useful for
      environmental particulate research.

PMID- 1204587
TI  - Placental transfer and teratology of pentachlorophenol in rats.
AB  - Pentachloro[U-14C]phenol was administered orally to Charles River CD strain
      pregnant rats on day 15 of gestation. Concentrations found in the placentas and
      fetuses up to 32 hr remained very small indicating that the amount that passes
      through the placental barrier is negligible. Unlabeled compound was administered
      on days 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of gestation. The incidence of resorptions in
      the treated animals was not significantly greater than that in the controls.
      Although malformations were observed, the number was minimal and could have been
      due to the toxic effects of the compound on the maternal rat.

PMID- 1204588
TI  - Investigation of the transport of metals and orthophosphate away from a sewage
      treatment plant outfall.
AB  - The distribution of O2, chlorophyll a, alkalinity, phosphate, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu,
      Zn, Cd and Pb has been measured in the discharge plume of the large sewage
      treatment plant on Back River, Maryland. The concentrations of phosphate and the
      trace metals decrease downstream more rapidly than can be accounted for by
      conservative dilution. Solubility calculations suggest that saturation with
      respect to phosphate or oxyhydroxide phases could limit the mobility of
      phosphate, Fe, Mn, and Pb. For Cu, Zn, and Cd, saturation is not a feasible
      control mechanism, and other processes such as biofixation or adsorption are
      probably involved.

PMID- 1204589
TI  - Use of the electroretinogram to measure the quality of vision of the fruit fly.
AB  - The electroretinogram (ERG) technique was used to measure the visual sensitivity
      of Caribbean Fruit flies Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), reared at 3 laboratories on
      5 artificial diets. These ERGs were compared with those of flies reared from
      field-infested fruit.  Flies reared on artificial diets differed greatly in
      visual sensitivity, and those reared on fruit were at least 10 times more
      sensitive than certain strains. Since ERGs can be obtained 3-4 days before the
      Caribbean fruit fly is sexually mature, the use of visually substandard flies in
      behavioral studies or field releases could be avoided. The results have
      stimulated further studies of the effects of nutrition and handling procedures on
      the vision and behavior of the Caribbean fruit fly in the laboratory and the
      field. A simple, easy to operate, and inexpensive ERG system is being developed
      that can be used at any rearing facility to monitor the quality of visual
      receptors of the insects being produced.

PMID- 1204590
TI  - Arsenate ion reduction in non-living biological materials.
AB  - The reduction of arsenate ion to arsenite ion by a variety of tissues was widely
      distributed, and not a property of any particular tissue. The nature of the
      reduction was investigated by using various chemical inducers and inhibitors and
      is believed to be chemical in nature.

PMID- 1204591
TI  - A new mechanical disruption technique for organic enrichment of hi-vol samples.
AB  - A mechanical disrupting technique capable of extracting the organic content from
      a high volume fiber glass filter is described. The method is rapid, inexpensive
      and reproducible.

PMID- 1204592
TI  - Improvement of the attractiveness of spodoptera littoralis sex pheromone, and its
      possible use in safety belts around cultivated areas to control the pest in
      Israel.
AB  - A comparison of the field attractiveness of five samples of American-synthesized
      and one sample of Japanese-synthesized (Z,E)-9,11-tetradecadien-1-01 acetate
      (9,11-TDDA), the sex pheromone of Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. and S. litura
      (F.), showed that traps baited with one of the American-produced samples and the
      Japanese product were equally effective in attracting and capturing S. littoralis
      males in cotton and alfalfa fields of Israel. Optimum captures were obtained for
      periods up to three months with 4800 mug of 9,11-TDDA plus 8 mg of an
      antioxidant; higher  doses were not advantageous. Paper squares were superior to
      two types of rubber septa and to closed polyethylene vials as dispensers for the
      pheromone; the polyethylene vials were least effective. In terms of numbers of
      moths captured, open polyethylene vials were as effective as paper dispensers
      when both were baited with 9-11-TDDA plus antioxidant. Admixture of (Z,E)-9,12
      tetradecadien-1-o1 acetate (9,12-TDDA) with 9,11-TDDA was antagonistic at ratios
      of 1:20 and 1:50, but ratios from 1:500 to 1:1600 were synergistic, increasing
      moth catches up to 2.5-fold. Pheromone traps placed in Caesarea sand dunes
      located at least 3 km from the nearest host area captured larger numbers of males
      than traps placed in cultivated areas. It is therefore recommended that safety
      belts of pheromone traps, about 500 m apart, be used around cultivated areas to
      prevent invasion of the pest from outside and to attract males present inside
      such areas, thus reducing both the male population and mating through mass
      trapping and disruption of sex communication.

PMID- 1204593
TI  - Field studies on ozone inactivation of a Gymnodinium breve toxin.
AB  - Water samples were collected from Boca Ciega Bay (St. Petersburg) during the
      April, 1974, red tide that occurred on the Florida west coast. The causative
      agent of this phenomenon was the toxic dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium breve. The
      toxic red tide samples were treated with ozone gas and rendered nonlethal, as
      measured by mouse injection.

PMID- 1204594
TI  - The effects of 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid on experimental seizures in rats:
      correlation between plasma and brain concentrations and anticonvulsant activity.
AB  - Diphenylbarbituric acid was administered by gavage to male albino Sprague-Dawley
      rats for evaluation of anticonvulsant activity and analysis of blood plasma and
      brain drug concentrations. A method for gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of
      blood plasma and brain for diphenylbarbituric acid is described. The drug was
      effective in the maximum electroshock test and as an antagonist to clonic
      seizures and death produced by pentylenetetrazol. Brain concentrations associated
      with 50 to 70% protection in the maximum electroshock seizure test were of the
      order of 2 to 6 mug/g of brain and are thus equal to values for phenobarbital in
      this test. Large doses of diphenylbarbituric acid (up to 2,800 mg/kg) failed to
      produce signs of neurotoxicity. The results of the present investigation continue
      to indicate that diphenylbarbituric acid exhibits promise as a potential
      antiepileptic agent.

PMID- 1204595
TI  - Diphenylhydantoin serum levels, toxicity, and neuropsychological performance in
      patients with epilepsy.
AB  - The neuropsychological effects of diphenylhydantoin were assessed in 70 adults
      having primarily psychomotor and major motor seizures. All patients were
      stabilized on diphenylhydantoin alone, and assessment of this drug by gas-liquid
      chromatography provided a basis for dichotomizing the group into High and Low
      drug groups, both with and without toxic patients. In addition, patients showing
      signs of toxicity were contrasted with those not showing such signs. In each of
      these comparisons, control was maintained with respect to the variables of age,
      education, age at onset of disorder, and duration of disorder. Neuropsychological
      assessment was by means of the test battery originated by Halstead and developed
      by Reitan. Results showed that the High and Toxic Groups rather consistently did
      more poorly on all tasks than the Low and Nontoxic Groups. However, differences
      which were statistically significant appeared only in connection with tasks which
      had a heavy motor component. Possible reasons for the lack of statistically
      significant differences on the higher level mental tasks were presented.

PMID- 1204596
TI  - The Ergonomics Research Society: the Society's lecture, 1974. The borderland of
      anatomy and ergonomics.

PMID- 1204597
TI  - Response speed as a function of sensory pattern and alcohol in a velocity
      judgement task.

PMID- 1204598
TI  - Variations in psychomotor efficiency during prolonged stay at high altitude.

PMID- 1204599
TI  - Training the mildly mentally handicapped worker.

PMID- 1204600
TI  - Effect of ambient temperatures between 21 degrees C and 35 degrees C on the
      responses to progressive submaximal exercise in partially acclimated man.

PMID- 1204601
TI  - Nomenclature of eukaryotic DNA polymerases.

PMID- 1204602
TI  - The covalent structure of collagen. The chymotrypsin, trypsin and hydroxylamine
      peptides derived from alpha2-CB4 of calf-skin collagen.
AB  - The cyanogen-bromide-derived peptide alpha2-CB4 from calf skin collagen,
      consisting of 321 amino acid residues, has been fragmented in order to obtain
      peptides suitable for automated sequential analysis. Digestion with chymotrypsin
      liberated six unique peptides consisting of 12, 17, 19, 54, 63 and 156 amino acid
      residues. Treatment of alpha2-CB4 with hydroxylamine yielded four peptides with
      24, 87, 96 and 114 residues. No unspecific cleavage by hydroxylamine was
      encountered. All of the trypsin-derived peptides of alpha2-CB4 were isolated and
      characterized by their amino acid compositions. Most of the peptides isolated
      were ordered along the peptide chain of alpha2-CB4. Ordering of the peptides was
      greatly assisted by the isolation of double peptides from the chymotrypsin,
      trypsin and hydroxylamine-derived peptide mixtures.

PMID- 1204603
TI  - Incorporation of L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine as
      single units into rat brain tubulin.
AB  - The product of the incorporation of [14C]tyrosine as single unit into a protein
      of the soluble fraction of rat brain homogenate was purified by following a
      procedure used to purify tubulin. Sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis of the purified material showed a single protein band containing
      all the radioactivity. Purification data indicate that this protein accounts for
      10.2% of the total protein of the supernatant fraction. This is in good agreement
      with the amount found for tubulin by the [3H]colchicine-binding method (10.5% of
      the total protein). The incorporated [14C]-tyrosine was found in the alpha
      subunit of tubulin. Protein labelled with [3H]colchicine and [14C]tyrosine was
      precipatated with vinblastine sulphate and the radioactivity of 3H and that of
      14C were quantitatively recovered in the precipitate (98%). Sodium
      dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the vinblastine precipitate
      showed that the 14C radioactivity moved with the tubulin band. Results obtained
      in experiments with phenylalanine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine were identical
      to those obtained for tyrosine. Bineing of colchicine did not interfere with the
      incorporation of tyrosine. About 30% of tubulin from rat brain supernatant
      fraction can incorporate tyrosine as single unit.

PMID- 1204604
TI  - Stabilization of energy charge, generation of oscillations and multiple steady
      states in energy metabolism as a result of purely stoichiometric regulation.
AB  - A simple kinetic model of cell energy metabolism with autocatalytic reaction
      sequences has beepn analysed. The model accounts for the fact that part of energy
      produced in the form of ATP, or any other equivalent form, is utilized in
      "sparking" reactions to activate initial substrates. Analysis of the model shows
      that energy metabolism, in the absen-e of all non-stoichiometric (i.e. isosteric,
      cooperative, and allosteric) regulations, is capable of (a) stabilizing, to a
      high degree of accuracy, the relative concentration of the "charged form" of the
      energy-transferring cofactor (ATP); (b) alternating between two stable stationary
      states by means of hysteretic transitions; (c) generating self-oscillations in
      energy production. It is proposed that energy metabolism can be a source of very
      slow, in particular circadian (of about a one-day period), oscillations which may
      serve as the basis for temporal organization of the cell.

PMID- 1204605
TI  - Mitochondrial protein synthesis in a mammalian cell-line with a temperature
      sensitive leucyl-tRNA synthetase.
AB  - The temperature-sensitive Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant tsH1, has been shown
      previously to contain a temperature-sensitive leucyl-tRNA synthetase. At the non
      permissive temperature of 40 degrees C cytosolic protein synthesis is rapidly
      inhibited. The protein synthesis which continues at 40 degrees C appears to be
      mitochondrial, since: (a) whole-cell protein synthesis at the permissive
      temperature of 34 degrees C is not inhibied by tevenel, the sulfamoyl analogue of
      chloramphenicol and a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis;
      however, whole-cell protein synthesis at 40 degrees C is inhibited by tevenel,
      (b) Protein synthesis by isolated mitochondria from tsH1 cells is not
      significantly inhibited at 40 degrees C. (c) At 40 degrees C [14C]leucine is
      incorporated predominantly into the mitochondrial fraction of tsH1 cells. (d) The
      incorporation of [14C]leucine at 40 degrees C into mitochondrial proteins of tsH1
      cells is inh-bited by tevenel but not by cycloheximide. These results suggest
      that the mitochondria of tsH1 cells contain a leucyl-tRNA synthetase which is
      different from the cytosolic enzyme. The inhibition of cytosolic, but not of
      mitochondrial protein synthesis in tsH1 cells at 40 degrees C allows the
      selective labelling of mitochondrial translation products in the absence of
      inhibitors. The mitochondrial translation products labelled in tsH1 cells at 40
      degrees C and at 34 degrees C in the presence of cycloheximide have been compared
      by sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both conditions of
      labelling give similar profiles. The mitochondrial translation products are
      resolved into two components, one with an apparent molecular weight range from
      40,000 to 20,000 and a second with an apparent molecular weight range from 20,000
      to 10,000.

PMID- 1204606
TI  - Studies on the intracellular location of enzymes of the photosynthetic carbon
      reduction cycle.
AB  - Homogenates of dark-pretreated leaves yield two particulate fractions in density
      gradient centrifugation: one contains chlorophyll (chloroplasts) while a second
      fraction contains ribulose-1, 5-bisphophate carboxylase, NADP-dependent
      glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and catalase. Addition of a microbody
      rich pellet to chloroplasts isolated from dark-pretreated plants largely enhances
      both oxygen evolution and CO2-fixation into organic compounds. The pathway of CO2
      reduction may be part of a membrane system which, under suitable conditions, may
      separate from the chloroplast as a distinct cytoplasmic entity, having physical
      properties similar to those of microbodies.

PMID- 1204607
TI  - Enzyme-bound intermediates in the biosynthesis of bacitracin.
AB  - 1. Bacitracin synthetase, a three-component enzyme complex which catalyzes
      synthesis of the dodecapeptide bacitracin A, has been prepared from Bacillus
      licheniformis strains ATCC 10716, AL and SB 319. During synthesis of bacitracin,
      the amino acids (smaller amounts) and peptides are covalently bound to the enzyme
      complex. The nature of the bindings suggest that the amino acids and peptides are
      thioester linked. 2. The peptides, identified by thin-layer chromatography after
      performic acid liberation were Ile-Cys, Ile-Cys-Leu, Ile-Cys-Leu-Glu, Ile-Cys-Leu
      Glu, Ile-Cys-Leu-Glu-Ile, Ile-Cys-Leu-Glu-Ile-Lys-Orn, Ile-Cys-Leu-Glu-Ile-Ile
      Orn-Ile, Ile-Cys-L-EU-Glu-Ile-Lys-Orn-Ile-Phe, Ile-Cys-Leu-Glu-Ile-L-YS-Orn-Ile
      Phe-His-Phe-His and Ile-Cys-Leu-Glu-Ile-Lys-Orn-Ile-Phe-His-Asp. 3. The labelled
      peptides covalently bound to bacitracin synthetase were intermediates in
      bacitracin synthesis. 4. Chain growth is initiated on one enzyme component (A) by
      the addition of isoleucine and cysteine. The sequential addition of the other
      amino acids proceeds in the C-terminal direction until the pentapeptide is
      formed. Further addition of amino acids and production of bacitracin are obtained
      by adding the other enzyme components (B and C) to the incubation mixture.

PMID- 1204608
TI  - Characterization of the component, which controls the transformation between the
      kinetic forms of the b cytochromes.
AB  - 1. In the presence of KCN and a saturating concentration of antimycin the
      reduction of the b-type cytochromes in submitochondrial particles is biphasic.
      This phenomenon was explained by suggesting the existence of two kinetic forms of
      cytochrome b:bA-the active form which was reduced in the rapid phase, and bS-the
      sluggish form which was reduced in the slow phase. The ratio between these forms
      and the transformation from one to other was controlled by the redox state of an
      unknown component, names "y", located between cytochromes b and c1. Pre-treatment
      with ascorbate plus N,N,N1,N1-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine transforms all the b
      type cytochromes to their sluggish form, and the reduction by succinate follows
      slow monophasic kinetics. The name "dynamic control mechanism" was given to this
      mechanism [Eisenbach, M. & Gutman, M. (1975) Eur. J. Biochem. 52, 107-116] 2. 
      Increasing concentrations of antimycin (0-2 nmol/mg) in the presence of KCN
      increased the fraction of the rapid phase of the reduction but did not affect the
      calculated absolute rates of the reduction. It is concluded that antimycin delays
      the reduction of "y" and thus permits the observation of the biphasic phenomen,
      but that it is not essential for the operation of this dynamic control mechanism.

PMID- 1204609
TI  - Alcohol oxidase and catalase in peroxisomes of methanol-grown Candida boidinii.
AB  - Microbodies, designated as peroxisomes because of their enzyme complement, have
      been isolated from methanol-grown cells of Candida boidinii. Spheroplast lysates
      were separated on non-continuous Ficoll density gradients, resulting in a
      mitochondrial fraction and a peroxisome fraction. Estimates of purity using the
      mitochondrial enzyme markers suggested that the contamination of mitochondria in
      the peroxisome fraction was about 2-3%. As shown by electron microscopy the
      peroxisomes were 0.4-0.6 mum in diameter and contained crystalloid inclusions.
      Alcohol oxidase and catalase, which catalyse the oxidation of methanol to
      formaldehyde in Candida boidinii, could be localized within the peroxisomes. Gel
      electrophoretic studies of the peroxisome fraction demonstrated that it contained
      only two predominant protein bands consistent with alcohol oxidase and catalase.
      No alcohol oxidase and catalase activity was found in mitochondria.

PMID- 1204610
TI  - Studies on the role and mode of operation of the very-lysine-rich histones in
      eukaryote chromatin. The conformation of phi1 histones from marine invertebrate
      sperm.
AB  - Proton magnetic resonance, circular dichroism and infrared spectroscopy are used
      to investigate the secondary and tertiary structure of three very lysine-rich
      histones from marine invertebrate sperm. At high ionic strength both Arbacia
      lixula and Holothuria tubulosa histone phi 1 are observed to contain 25-30% alpha
      helix, no beta-structure and to form specific folded structures. Both phi 1
      proton magnetic resonance spectra have perturbed methyl resonances at chemical
      shifts close to those observed for calf thymus H1, suggesting analogies in
      tertiary structure. Mytilus edulis histone phi 1 however, shows no spectroscopic
      evidence of secondary and tertiary structure on salt addition.

PMID- 1204611
TI  - The sex-factor-dependent exclusion of coli virus T7.
AB  - The cause of T7 exclusion by the F episome was investigated. Extracts from
      neither normal nor infected F+ cells contained an inhibitor of gene expression in
      vitro. The protein synthesizing systems prepared in vitro from these cells
      supported T7 early and late protein synthesis with normal efficiency. The content
      of translational initiation factors in F- and F+ cells, both noninfected and
      infected, was almost identical. The episome-dependent block of T7 gene expression
      was observed only in intact cells and detailed kinetics of gene expression in
      vivo revealed a stop of all transcription and translation at or just before 11
      min after T7 infection. The mechanism of F+-dependent T7 exclusion involves both
      episomal and viral gene products. The data indicate that a T7-induced membrane
      alteration of the F+ cell membrane leads to cessation of T7 development as well
      as to the death of the host cell ('suicide').

PMID- 1204613
TI  - Molecular characterization of an insect genome: Chironomus thummi.
AB  - DNA extracted from Chironomus thummi larvae was studied by isopycnic
      centrifugation in CsCl, thermal denaturation and DNA-DNA reassociation
      techniques. The mean G+C content of the C. thummi DNA is 28-29% as indicated both
      by centrifugation in CsCl and thermal denaturation. According to optical
      reassociation analysis of total DNA and of isolated DNA fractions the C. thummi
      genome is composed of at least four components. About 80% of the DNA is
      classified as unique with a kinetic complexity of nearly 7 X 10(10) daltons. 6-8%
      intermediate DNA exhibits a kinetic complexity slightly above 10(8) daltons with
      a mean repetition frequency of 35. 11-13% fast-reassociating DNA has a kinetic
      complexity slightly above 10(6) daltons with a mean repetition frequency of 6000.
      3-5% of the DNA cannot be properly studied by the optical reassociation technique
      and probably contains inverted repeats. The thermal denaturation behaviour of
      isolated DNA fractions indicated that most of the repetitive sequences in the C.
      thummi genome are tightly interspersed.

PMID- 1204612
TI  - Interactions between prostaglandin analogues and a receptor in bovine Corpora
      lutea. Correlation of dissociation constants with luteolytic potencies in
      hamsters.
AB  - The dissociation constants for the interactions between some prostaglandin
      analogues and a prostaglandin F2 receptor in bovine corpora lutea were
      determined. These values were compared to the antifertility potencies of these
      compounds in hamsters and the rates of metabolism by 15-hydro-syprostaglandin
      dehydrogenase. The most active analogues with regard to both affinity for the
      receptor and luteolytic potency were 17-phenyl-18, 19, 20-trinorprostaglandin
      F2alpha and 15-methylprostaglandin F2alpha. The alkyl side chain of
      prostaglandins could be modified considerably without altering the affinity for
      the receptor. In this way metabolism by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
      could be blocked. Some of these compounds -ad greatly increased luteolytic
      effects. Substitution of a phenyl group for the 3 terminal carbon units of the
      alkyl side chain of prostaglandins increased both the affinity for the receptor
      and the luteolytic activity in vivo. 7-oxa-13-prostynoic acid, an antagonist of
      the luteolytic effect of prostaglandin F2alpha in vivo was a weak competitive
      inhibitor of the interation between prostaglandin F2alpha and the receptor.

PMID- 1204614
TI  - The reactions of alpha-chymotrypsin and related proteins with ester substrates in
      non-aqueous solvents.
AB  - 1. The reactivity of alpha-chymotrypsin toward p-nitrophenylacetate has been
      studied in dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, formamide and methylacetamide. p
      Nitrophenol is liberated in dimethylsulfoxide only. 2. The reactions of alpha
      chymotrypsin in dimethylsulfoxide are characterized by the same kinetic and
      equilibrium constants with either the p-nitrophenyl esters of straight chain
      carboxylic acids (from acetic to n-caprylic) or with the "specific substrate", N
      carbobenzoxy-DL-phenylalanine p-nitrophenyl ester. This signifies that reactions
      of alpha-chymotrypsin in dimethylsulfoxide, unlike those in aqueous medium, have
      no specificity toward su-strate structure. 3. The stoichiometry of alpha
      chymotrypsin reactions in dimethylsulfoxide was shown to be about five moles of
      substrate per mole of enzyme. After attaining this stoichiometry, the reaction is
      completed. 4. Optical rotatory dispersion spectra indicate that in non-aqueous
      media alpha-chymotrypsin undergoes a large conformational transition which
      results in a random coil. 5. Chymotrypsinogen, trypsin, trysinogen, lysozyme and
      serum albumin react with p-nitrophenylacetate in dimethylsulfoxide at rates which
      are approximately equal to those of alpha-chymotrypsin. Thus, the "activity" of
      alpha-chymotrypsin in dimethylsulfoxide toward p-nitrophenylacetate does not
      differ from the "activity" of other proteins, some of which are not even
      hydrolytic enzymes.

PMID- 1204615
TI  - Metabolism of [4-14C] testosterone in the rat uterus in vitro.
AB  - In view of the uterine action of androgens we have investigated in vitro the
      metabolism of [4-14C]-testosterone in uterine tissue of ovariectomized rats.
      After purification of the extracts on Amberlite XAD-2 the metabolites have been
      isolated by gel. Five metabolites were isolated and identified during these
      incubation studies: 4-androstene 3,17-dione, 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3
      one, 5 alpha-androstane-3alpha17beta-diol, 4-androstene-3 beta, 17beta-diol and 4
      androstene-3alpha, 17beta-diol. Furthermore, two polar C19O3-metabolites and one
      isopolar to 5 alpha-androstane-3, 17-dione have also been detected. The
      metabolites were characterized by radioactive gas chromatogrphy, and
      determination of the relative specific activity in the eluates of Sephadex column
      chromatography. The identification of allylic alcohols was complemented by their
      oxidation to 4-androstene-3,17-dione. The present data show that activity of
      17beta,3alpha- and 3beta-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase and 5alpha-ring-reductase
      are involved in the metabolism of testosterone in vitro in the rat uterus. The
      very low 5 alpha-reductase activity under the experimental conditions used in
      this work explains the formation of allylalcohols as the principal metabolites of
      testosterone in the rat uterus.

PMID- 1204616
TI  - Methylation of ribosomal-precursor RNA, synthesized in vitro, by isolated rat
      liver nucleoli.
AB  - Nucleoli isolated from rat liver were incubated for synthesis of RNA in vitro in
      the presence or absence of S-adenosyl [3H] methionine. The results obtained
      indicate that neither the rate of RNA synthesis not the processing of pre
      ribosomal RNA was changed if methylation was allowed to take place. The
      methylation process acts on the RNA most recently synthesized, rather than on the
      bulk of the RNA already present in the nucleoli. The reaction seems to occur
      faithfully both quantitatively and qualitatively. It is calculated that 104 mol
      methyl groups were incorporated per mol of newly synthesized 45-S RNA.
      Methylation of the ribose rather than the bases predominated. The pattern of
      alkali-stable oligonucleotides of RNA methylated in vitro was analyzed and found
      to correspond closely to that of ribosomal RNA labelled in vivo.

PMID- 1204617
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of 5-S RNA from Bacillus licheniformis.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence of 5-S RNA from Bacillus licheniformis was
      determined by analysis of complete and partial digests obtained with either T1 or
      pancreatic ribonuclease. The molecule was found to have a length of 116
      nucleotides and may possess a minor sequence heterogeneity. There is a large
      degree of homology between the sequence of B. licheniformis 5-S RNA and those
      published for 5-S RNA from B. megatherium and B. stearothermophilus. The
      difference between the three 5-S RNA species are limited mainly to the two
      terminal and one internal sequence. B. licheniformis 5-S RNA contains the
      sequence U95-G-A-G-A-G100, which in B. subtilis has been implicated in the
      processing of precursor 5-S RNA. Possible models for the secondary structure of
      prokaryotic 5-S RNA are discussed on the basis of the results of limited
      digestion of B. licheniformis 5-S RNA by ribonuclease T1.

PMID- 1204618
TI  - Chemical synthesis of partially and fully phosphorylated protamines.
AB  - Chromatographically purified components Z and YI of clupeine from herring have
      been phosphorylated by a chemical method. To enhance solubility in
      trimethylphosphate, the protamine capronate salts were used and phosphorylation
      was performed with POCl3. Both serine and threonine residues were phosphorylated;
      however, besides monophosphate esters considerable amounts of polyphosphate
      esters were obtained. Its nature was identified by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance
      spectroscopy and by chemical methods, such as comparison of the hydrolysis rate
      with that of ADP and phoshocreatine, respectively. The pyrophosphate bonds were
      cleaved by controlled hydrolysis with HCl. The phosphorylated protamine species
      were purified by gel filtration and chromatography on a Sephadex CM column. Fully
      phosphorylated clupeine Z (3 serine residues and 3 phosphates) and YI (3 serine,
      2 threonine residues and 5 phosphates) were obtained as well as partially
      phosphorylated fractions; in the case of clupeine Z the resolution into mono,
      doubly and triply (fully) phosphorylated fractions was excellent. The overall
      yield of phosphorylated clupeine was better than 50%.

PMID- 1204619
TI  - New useful reagents for peptide synthesis. Insoluble active esters of polystyrene
      bound 1-hydroxybenzotriazole.
AB  - Insoluble 1-hydroxbenzotriazole-bound polystyrene was prepared through a series
      of chemical modifications of commercially available polystyrene. Reaction of 3
      nitro-4-chlorobenzyl alcohol or of 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzyl bromide with
      polystyrene in the presence of aluminium trichloride yielded (3-nitro-4
      chloro)benzylated polystyrene. Upon reaction with hydrazine it was converted to
      (3-nitro-4-hydrazine) benzylated polystyrene which was cyclized, by acidolysis,
      to yield 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-bound polystyrene. This was coupled, using N, N' 
      dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as the coupling agent, to many N-blocked amino acid
      derivatives, yielding polymeric polystyrene-bound active esters. Such derivatives
      are highly reactive and their efficacy in the synthesis of several peptides,
      including that of the tetrapeptide Boc-L-Leu-L-leu-L-Val-0bzl-L-Tyr-0Bzl and of
      thyrotropin-releasing hormone was demonstrated.

PMID- 1204620
TI  - Investigation of the symmetry of oligomeric enzymes with bifunctional reagents.
AB  - The symmetry of proteins composed of identical polypeptide chains has been
      investigated by means of cross-linking with bifunctional reagents and subsequent
      sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The majority of the
      investigations were performed with diimidates of different chain lengths (C3
      C12), which react exclusively with amino groups. Aldolase, catalase, fumarase,
      pyruvate kinase, tetrameric proteins with identical polypeptide chains, reveal a
      D2 symmetry, i.e. they appear to be composed of two pairs of polypeptide chains.
      The validity of this conclusion is demonstrated with lactate dehydrogenase. This
      enzyme, shown by X-ray analysis to have a D2 symmetry, yields after cross-linking
      and subsequent polyacrylamide electrophoresis the band pattern expected for a
      protein with this quaternary structure and similar to the pattern obtained with
      the above enzymes. 2. The influence of the experimental conditions on the cross
      linking reaction has been investigated. The selectivity of the bifunctional
      reagent for the different contact domains within the quaternary structure of a
      protein depends on the reaction time, the chain length and on the concentration
      of the reagent. In general the D2 symmetry becomes more obvious with increasing
      chain length and with increasing concentration of the diimidate.
      Diethylpyrocarbonate showed very little selectivity.

PMID- 1204621
TI  - The pyruvate-dehydrogenase complex from Azotobacter vinelandii.
AB  - The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from Axotobacter vinelandii was isolated in a
      five-step procedure. The minimum molecular weight of the pure complex is 600,000,
      as based on an FAD content of 1.6 nmol-mg protein-1. The molecular weight is 1.0
      1.2 X 10(6), indicating 1 mole of lipoamide dehydrogenase dimer per complex
      molecule. Sodium dodecylsulphate gel electrophoretical patterns show that apart
      from pyruvate dehydrogenase (Mr89,000) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (Mrmonomer
      56,000) two active transacetylase isoenzymes are present with molecular weight on
      the gel 82,000 and 59,000 but probably actually lower. The pure complex has a
      specific activity of the pyruvate-NAD+ reductase (overall) reaction of 10 units
      mg protein-1 at 25 degrees C. The partial reactions have the following specific
      activities in units-mg protein-1 at 25 degrees C under standard conditions:
      pyruvate-K3Fe(CN)6 reductase 0.14, transacetylase 3.6 and lipoamide dehydrogenase
      2.9. The properties of this complex are compared with those from other sources.
      NADPH reduced the FAD of lipoamide dehydrogenase as well in the complex as in the
      free form. NADP+ cannot be used as electron acceptor. Under aerobic conditios
      pyruvate oxidase reaction, dependent on Mg2+ and thiamine pyrophosphate, converts
      pyruvate into CO2 and acetate; V is 0.2 mumol 02-min-1-mg-1, Km(pyruvate)0.3 mM.
      The kinetics of this reaction shows a linear 1/velocity-1/[pyruvate] plot.
      K3Fe(CN)6 competes with the oxidase reaction. The oxidase activity is stimulated
      by AMP and sulphate and is inhibited by acetyl-CoA. The partially purified enzyme
      contains considerable phosphotransacetylase activity. The pure complex does not
      contain this activity. The physiological significance of this activity is
      discussed.

PMID- 1204622
TI  - Hydrogen exchane at the beta-carbon of amino acids during transamination.
AB  - The hydrogen exchange at the Beta-carbon of L-alanine, L-glutamate and L-asparate
      with water has been examined during transamination catalyzed by glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase and by glutamic-pyruvic transaminase. A significant
      hydrogen exchange at the Beta-carbon has been demonstrated during incubation of L
      [3-3H]alanine + glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, L-[3-3H]alanine + alpha-oxo
      glutarate + glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, L-[3-3H]glutamate + glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase, L-[3-3H]glutamate + oxaloacetate +glutamic-oxaloacetic
      transaminase, and L-[3-3H]glutamate + pyruvate + glutamic-pyruvic transaminase as
      shown by the appearance of 3H2O. No hydrogen exchange at the Beta-carbon of L
      glutamate occurred during incubation of L-[3-3H]-glutamate with glutamic-pyruvic
      transaminase alone. The hydrogen exchaned at the Beta-carbon of L-glutamate
      coincides with transamination as demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance
      studies of 2H2O-L-glutamate exchange during transamination by glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase. No hydrogen exchange
      at the Beta-carbon occurred during transamination of L-aspartate by glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and
      confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance simulation studies. The results are
      discussed with special reference to the different equilibria between the
      pyridoxal form and the pyridoxamine form of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and
      of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase.

PMID- 1204624
TI  - Properties of immobilized flavodoxin from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii. An
      affinity ligand for the purification of riboflavin 5'-phosphate (FMN) and its
      analogues.
AB  - The small flavoprotein, flavodoxin, isolated from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii,
      has been covalently coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. The immobilized
      protein replaces ferredoxin as an electron carrier in hydrogen production from
      dithionite or pyruvate in the presence of ferredoxin-free extracts of P.
      elsdenii; compared with soluble flavodoxin, its activities in these systems are
      13% and 3.5% respectively. Acid treatment reversibly dissociates FMN from the
      immobilized protein. The dissociation constant of the complex with FMN,
      determined by fluorimetric titration, is 1.5 (+/- 0.4) nM, and is therefore very
      little different from that of soluble flavodoxin. Like soluble apoflavodoxin, the
      immobilized apoprotein is highly specific for flavins with an N-10 side-chain of
      5 carbon atoms and a C-5' phosphate group. Approximately half of the flavin
      impurity in commercial preparations of FMN (12-15% of the total flavin), and
      similar impurity in synthetic analogues of FMN, is not separated by conventional
      purification procedures, but it is readily and conveniently removed by affinity
      chromatography with apoflavodoxin as the immobilized ligand. The immobilized
      protein is stable for long periods; its capacity for FMN decreases by only 20%
      after 15 cycles of flavin dissociation and reassociation during several months.

PMID- 1204623
TI  - Pt(CN)2-4 and Au(CN)-2: potential general probes for anion-binding sites of
      proteins. 35Cl and 81Br nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies.
AB  - Nuclear magnetic quadrupole relaxation appears to be a general method for
      studying the binding of anions to proteins. This is shown by the increase in
      transverse quadrupole relaxation rate of 35Cl- and 81Br- in the presence of horse
      liver alcohol dehydrogenase, lysozyme, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, human
      carbonic anhydrase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase and human serum albumin.
      Of the many possible binding sites at the surface of a protein (e.g. positively
      charged amino acid side-chains) only a few account for the main part of the
      relaxation enhancement. This is shown by the decrease in 35Cl- and 81Br-
      relaxation rate on addition of functional ligands. Large, kinetically inert,
      complex anions like Pt(CN)2-4 and Au(CN)-2 are found to act as strong competitors
      towards halogen ions for the high-affinity anion binding sites of a number of
      proteins. Titrations with complex anions following the 35Cl- or 81Br- relaxation
      rates are found to be helpful in attempts to elucidate binding mechanisms.
      Especially, the complex anions may be useful probes for the discrimination
      between general and metallic anion binding sites in proteins and they also permit
      correlation of information from X-ray investigations of crystals with that from
      physical measurements in solution. From the change in halide ion quadrupole
      relaxation rate on addition of strongly binding ligands the quadrupole coupling
      constants of the high affinity Cl- and Br- binding sites are estimated using
      certain assumptions. It is found that for several proteins, comprising the metal
      free proteins but also alcohol dehydrogenase and Escherichia coli alkaline
      phosphatase, the 35Cl quadrupole coupling constants have approximately the same
      values. For some other metallo-proteins like carbonic anhydrase and a zinc -
      serum-albumin complex considerably greater quadrupole coupling constants were
      obtained. The estimated quadrupole coupling constants are used as a basis for a
      discussion of the interactions involved in anion-protein interactions.

PMID- 1204625
TI  - Reversible, covalent immobilization of enzymes by thiol-disulphide interchange.
AB  - 1. alpha-Amylase and alpha-chymotrypsin have been immobilized by covalent
      attachment to mercaptohydroxypropyl ether agarose gel. The technique involves two
      steps: (a) thiolation of the enzymes by methyl 3-mercaptopropioimidate, (b)
      coupling of the thiolated enzymes to a mixed disulphide derivative of agarose
      obtained by reacting mercaptohydroxypropyl ether agarose with 2,2'-dipyridyl
      disulphide. 2. The immobilization technique can be performed so that most of the
      inherent activity of the enzymes is conserved. However, diffusion limitations and
      steric factors prevent full manifestation of the immobilized activities. 3.
      Immobilized alpha-amylase was used in a packed-bed reactor for the continuous
      hydrolysis of starch. When the enzymically active gel had lost its activity it
      could be regenerated in situ by reductive uncoupling of the inactive protein and
      attachment of a new portion of thiolated alpha-amylase.

PMID- 1204626
TI  - A urinary pentasaccharide in bovine mannosidosis.
AB  - Abnormally high amounts of low molecular weight mannose-rich carbohydrate
      material were found in the urine of an Angus calf with mannosidosis. At least
      five oligosaccharide fractions were detected by paper chromatography. The most
      abundant compound was purified by gel chromatography, zone electrophoresis, and
      two consecutive preparative paper chromatographic steps. The yield was 10
      mg/liter of urine. From structural studies including nuclear magnetic resonance
      spectroscopy, optical rotation, sugar analysis, methylation analysis, and partial
      enzymatic degradation the following structure was deduced: alpha-D-Manp-(1 leads
      to 6)-beta-D-Manp-(1 leads to 4)-beta-D-GlcNAcp-(1 leads to 4)-beta-D-GlcNAcp-(1
      leads to 4)-D-GlcNAc. This oligosaccharide is distinct from all the
      oligosaccharides previously described which are excreted by patients with
      mannosidosis.

PMID- 1204628
TI  - Avian febrile response.
AB  - The febrile response of the pigeon (Columba livia) was characterized for
      comparison with our present day understnading of mammalian fever. 2. When
      injected with live Pasteurella multocida the birds became febrile and died. 3.
      Varying doses of dead bacteria produced a complex dose-dependent febrile
      response. 4. Antipyretics effectively attenuated the febrile response to dead
      bacteria. 5. The similarities of reptilian, avian and mammalian fever suggest a
      common origin and perhaps a similar adaptive role of fever in increasing host
      survival during bacterial infection.

PMID- 1204627
TI  - Effects of external potassium on potassium efflux and accumulation by rat
      adipocytes.
AB  - Effects of external K+ concentration, [K+]o, on K+ transport rate and on relative
      K+, an index of intracellular K+ concentration, were studied in adipocytes
      isolated from rat epididymal fat pads. 2. Relative K+ changed upon a step change
      of [K+]o from normal, but with continued exposure to the second [K+]o  the
      relative K+ returned to or approached the initial level. 3. Reversal of the
      initial change in relative K+ was accelerated by restoration of a normal [K+]o.
      4. 42K efflux from cells exposed to a single [K+]o was described by a single rate
      constant for a wash-out period of up to four half-times. 5. The rate constant was
      bi-stable with respect to [K+]o, with the critical [K+]o between 3-6 and 4-8 mM.
      6. Rate constants were independent of relative K+ and uncorrelated with net
      fluxes. 7. It is suggested that [K+]o exerts its effects only at the outer
      surface of the adipocyte membrane.

PMID- 1204629
TI  - Absorption of amino acids and peptides from a complex mixture in the isolated
      small intestine of the rat.
AB  - Amino acid and peptide absorption from a pancreatic digest of casein at low
      concentration by an isolated preparation of perfused rat small intestine has been
      measured. 2. The rate of absorption of each amino acid (free or peptide-bound) is
      closely proportional to its concentration in the perfusate; this implies a
      constant Vmax/Km ration for all amino acids in the mixture. 3. There is a high
      correlation between the compositions of luminal perfusate and secretion into the
      tissue fluid (apart from the content of glutamic and aspartic acids and alanine).
      4. The concentrations of each free amino acid are, on average, 9 times as great
      in secretion as in lumen; the total peptide-N concentration in secretion is
      approximately 4 times that in the lumen. 5. The rate of absorption of each free
      amino acid is highly negatively dependent on the rate of absorption of that amino
      acid in peptide-bound form, in addition to being positively dependent on the
      perfusate concentration of free amino acid. 6. While peptide-bound proline
      appears to be well absorbed, free proline liberated by hydrolysis appears to pass
      back into the lumen as well as into the tissue fluid. Substantial back flux of
      hydrolysis products may occur for all amino acids. 7. About one-third of the
      amino acids appearing in the secretion on the serosal surface are peptide-bound.
      8. The rate of absorption of peptides appears to determine the rate of their
      hydrolysis which probably occurs mainly after entry into the mucosal cells.

PMID- 1204630
TI  - Axoplasm architecture and physical properties as seen in the Myxicola giant axon.
AB  - A technique is described for extracting axoplasm from the giant axon of a marine
      worm, Myxicola infundibulum. The operation can be completed in 10 sec. 2.
      Axoplasm is pulled from the axon of a living worm as a long, clear cylinder, up
      to 35 cm long and 70 mg wet weight. The worm regenerates a new giant axon in
      about 4 months. 3. Myxicola axoplasm is a gel, 87% water, held together by
      protein neurofilaments. It contains small amounts of mitochondria and vesicles,
      but no detectable microtubules. 4. The internal structure of the gel is
      superficially similar to that of yarn. Closer inspection with light and electron
      microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, show it to be organized in a hierarchy of
      helical forms. Squid giant axons have a similar structure. 5. Initial estimates
      of the bulk physical properties of extracted Myxicola axoplasm give: breaking
      strength, 1400 g/cm2; specific gravity, 1-05 g/cm3; birefringence, 1-6 X 10(-4);
      index of refraction, 1-351; resistivity, 57 omega cm. These average values are
      shown to be compatible with the observed structure and composition. 6. Despite
      its mechanical strength, the axoplasm gel is so hydrated that Na+, K+ and
      homarine diffuse through it at rates approaching those in free solution. Fewer
      than about 5% of each of these ions are tightly bound to the gel. 7. It is argued
      that (a) the structure and physical properties of Myxicola axoplasm are
      representative of those in other axons, (b) the compound helix architecture
      results from twist of parallel, cross-linked fibrous proteins, and (c) this
      sturcture serves as a flexible internal skeleton for nerve cell processes.

PMID- 1204631
TI  - Affinity labelling to - SH groups in adenosine - triphosphate - phosphoribosyl
      transferase with the dinitrophenyl group from S-dinitrophenyl-6-mercaptopurine
      riboside 5'-phosphate.
AB  - Adenosine-triphosphate-phosphoribosyl transferase from Escherichia coli reacts
      with S-dinitrophenyl-6-mercaptopurine-riboside 5'-phosphate. In this reaction the
      dinitrophenyl group becomes attached to the enzyme, while the nucleotide is split
      off. Most aliphatic high and low-molecular-weight-SH compounds react with the
      thioether in the opposite way, i.e. bind the nucleotide and split off
      dinitrothiophenol. It appears that the dinitrophenyl moiety of the thioether
      interacts with the enzyme in a specific way, and that this interaction activates
      the bond between the dinitrophenyl group and the sulfur atom. In support of this
      it was found that dinitrophenol inhibits the transferase reaction with half
      maximal effect at 0.4 mM. The inhibition is competitive with ATP. Dinitrophenol
      also competes with ATP in binding studies.

PMID- 1204632
TI  - Biochemistry of development in insects. Stereospecific incorporation of fatty
      acids into triacylglycerols.
AB  - 1. Previous experiments showed that fatty acids were incorporated into
      triacylglycerols by homogenates of Ceratitis capitata larvae far more efficiently
      than by pharate adult homogenates. This metabolic behaviour of both stages of
      development of the insect has been interpreted throughout the existence of a
      different acyltransferase activity. To obtain new data on the acyltransferase
      mechanism, a time-course of the stereospecific incorporation of labelled
      myristic, palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids into the sn-positions of
      triacylglycerols has been followed. 2. Studies on the stereospecific
      incorporation of labelled fatty acids confirmed previous results. Palmitic acid
      was mainly incorporated into sn-1 and sn-3 positions whereas position 2 exhibited
      a low incorporation. Myristic acid acylated sn-3 position at a higher rate than
      it acylated the other sn-positions. Oleic acid was more specifically distributed
      than palmitic acid and linoleic acid was more efficiently incorporated than the
      monounsaturated acid. All these data reflect substrate differences in the
      acyltransferase activity of larval homogenates. Pharate adult homogenates
      incorporated fatty acids very scarcely and mainly into positions (1 + 3). 3.
      Kinetics of incorporation of labelled fatty acids into the sn-positions points to
      a non-random distribution with respect to the major saturated and unsaturated
      fatty acids in triacylglycerols of larvae of Ceratitis capitata.

PMID- 1204633
TI  - Biochemistry of development in insects. Incorporation of fatty acids into
      different lipid classes.
AB  - 1. To study the different metabolic behaviour of various stages of development of
      the insect Ceratitis capitata, the incorporation of labelled decanoic, lauric,
      myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids into triacylglycerols by
      insect homogenates was investigated. The time-course of incorporation of labelled
      fatty acids was firstly studied by using oleic acid; it showed that after 10 min
      of incubation the levels of radioactivity incorporated into triacylglycerols and
      those remaining in the free fatty acids were practically unchanged. 2. All
      labelled fatty acids were efficiently incorporated by larval homogenates;
      however, most of the radioactivity remained as free fatty acids in the presence
      of pharate adult homogenates, palmitic, and stearic acids being the most scarcely
      incorporated by this stage of development of the insect. 3. Plots of
      triacylglycerol and free fatty acid radioactivites versus the stage of
      development defined a crossing-zone in coincidence with the larval-pupal
      apolysis. This metabolic difference between larval and pharate adult homogenates
      could not be explained through differences in the acyl-CoA synthetase activity of
      the insect; this enzyme activity was notably higher in pharate adult homogenates
      than in the larval homogenates whatever would be the nature of the fatty acid. 4.
      [14C]Triolein was scarcely hydrolyzed by both larval and pharate adult
      homogenates. 5. Double-label experiments were carried out by incorporating either
      [3H]oleic acid or [3H]-palmitic acid and [14C]glycerol 3-phosphate by larval and
      pharate adult homogenates at different incubation intervals. Diacylglycerols,
      triacylglycerols, and phosphoglycerides were isolated and the 14C/3H molar ratio
      calculated. Results suggest the existence of a different acyltransferase activity
      in the different stages of development of the insect.

PMID- 1204634
TI  - Tubular polymers derived from Helix pomatia beta-hemocyanin.
AB  - Upon trypsinolysis Helix pomatia beta-hemocyanin forms long tubular structures,
      which appear to be linear polymers of hemocyanin molecules from which the collar
      structure has been removed. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of
      sodium dodecylsulfate shows that only few peptide bonds are hydrolyzed by
      trypsin. The structure of the polymers has been investigated by electron
      microscopy, combined with optical diffraction. Preliminary X-ray diffraction data
      are presented. Functional properties of the polymers are similar to those of the
      native protein. Both show a calciumion-dependent co-operativity of oxygen binding
      and a Bohr effect. The results suggest that the collar of a hemocyanin molecule
      has no special function in the process of (co-operative) oxygen binding,
      different from that of the wall of the molecule.

PMID- 1204635
TI  - Steroid-induced early protein synthesis in rat uterus and prostate.
AB  - An early 'induced protein', after exposure of the rat uterus to estradiol, is
      detected among the soluble proteins with a double-labelling technique and
      electrophoretic fractionation. Efforts have been directed to establish the
      subcellular distribution of the induced protein, since such a protein, observable
      1 h after hormone administration, may play an important role in the subsequent
      amplified responses, especially in terms of RNA synthesis. Moreover such an early
      discrete induced protein was sought in a comparable system responding to another
      hormone, namely prostate and seminal vesicles under androgens. The induced
      protein was not found in uterine nuclei of 21-day-old rats after 1 h of estradiol
      action in vivo and 1 h of tissue incubation with labelled leucine. This negative
      result summarizes a search among different nuclear protein fractions using
      various procedures; nor was induced protein observed in mitochondrial and
      microsomal pellets. Contrary to these negative findings, slight changes of
      histone labelling were observed under the experimental conditions used to
      demonstrate induced protein. In addition histone acetylation was increased after
      1 h of estradiol action in vivo and 15 min tissue labelling in vitro with
      radioactive acetate. Furthermore, an increase in total protein synthesis between
      0 and 2 h after estradiol action was observed, the relative increase of
      incorporation of radioactive leucine into protein of estradiol-treated vs non
      stimulated uteri being corrected for variations of the acid-soluble radioactive
      leucine pool. Attempts to obtain an early and discrete induced protein with
      androgens in prostate and seminal vesicles of immature or castrated rats after
      different times of exposure to testosterone, androstanolone and estradiol have
      been unsuccessful. The contribution of both negative and positive findings in
      steroid-induced early protein synthesis is discussed in the context of the
      current knowledge of hormone action.

PMID- 1204637
TI  - Studies of the distribution of proteins bound to CNBr-activated Sepharose 6B at
      the electron-microscopic level.
AB  - Proteins were covalently attached to Sepharose by the CNBr method. Their
      distribution across the carrier beads was studied at the electron microscopic
      level. The approach has been to ferritinstain and to section the gel beads.
      Ferritin was either coupled directly to the polysaccharide backbone of the
      carrier or conjugated with pure rabbit anti-aminopeptidase in order to visualize
      covalently bound leucine aminopeptidase by the immunferritin technique. The
      results corroborate earlier fluorescence microscopic findings of a uniform
      protein distribution, provided that a number of conditions are fulfilled.

PMID- 1204636
TI  - Compartmentation of acetyl-coA in rat-liver mitochondria.
AB  - The ratio of the specific radioactivities of 3-hydroxybutyrate: citrate was
      determined in rat liver mitochondria which were incubated in the presence of [1
      14C]palmitate, pyruvate, bicarbonate, ATP, phosphate and malonate. Without
      compartmentation this ratio would maximally be 2, however, under our conditions
      values of 2.5-3.7 were observed. In further experiments with mitochondria, the
      sensitivity of pyruvate carboxylase for acetyl-CoA produced from various
      precursors was tested. It was found that acetyl-CoA produced from L
      acetylcarnitine or by oxidation from either pyruvate, octanoate or
      palmitylcarnitine but not from leucine led to a stimulation of pyruvate
      carboxylation. These results demonstrate a compartmentation of acetyl-CoA in
      liver mitochondria. The further finding that different mitochondrial fractions
      showed varying ratios of specific radioactivities of 3-hydroxybutyrate:citrate
      indicates that the observed compartmentation may be explained by the existence of
      different types of mitochondria with varying enzyme patterns and acetyl-CoA
      pools.

PMID- 1204638
TI  - Determination in vitro of the rate of protein synthesis and degradation in human
      skeletal-muscle tissue.
AB  - The present studies were aimed to evaluate the possibility to use a system for
      estimation in vitro of the biosynthesis and degradation rates of human skeletal
      muscle protein. A previously characterized human skeletal muscle preparation was
      used. Amino acids and insulin stimulated significantly the incorporation rate of
      leucine into proteins. The effect of amino acids was more pronounced than that of
      insulin. The stimulatory effect of insulin could be decreased by amino acids.
      Insulin did not influence the tissue uptake or the oxidation rate of leucine. The
      release of [14C]leucine deriving from degradation of prelabelled skeletal muscle
      fibre proteins was linear for at least 2.5 h of incubation and optimal with
      leucine at concentrations beyond 12.5 mmol/1 or in the presence of puromycin in
      the incubation medium. The rate of the release of radioactivity was significantly
      inhibited by amino acids and at borderline significance by insulin but not by
      puromycin. The specific radioactivity in prelabelled proteins decreased
      significantly in the presence of puromycin suggesting that leucine derived from
      protein degradation was reutilized in vitro. This reutilization was found to be 9
      +/- 1% of leucine released from degradation of proteins in 30 subjects. A
      statistically significant positive correlation between the cathepsin D activity
      in human skeletal muscle tissue and the degradative rate of prelabelled muscle
      proteins in vitro was observed. The results indicate that biosynthesis and
      degradation of skeletal muscle proteins in this system in vitro were subjected to
      control mechanisms. It is suggested that the release of radioactivity from
      prelabelled muscle fibre proteins during incubation probably only reflects the
      degradation of some rapidly-turning-over proteins.

PMID- 1204639
TI  - Characterization of cytoplasmic DNA of mouse-myeloma cells.
AB  - Cytoplasmic DNA from mouse myeloma cells comprised between 1% and 2% of the total
      cellular DNA. Detergent-prepared cytoplasmic lysate consisted mainly of 8-S and
      22-S species. While these DNA species were present in the 13000 times g pellet of
      the detergent-prepared cytoplasmic lysate, only the light DNA species was present
      in the 13000 times g supernatant fraction. In neutral CsCl gradients the DNA of
      both cytoplasmic fractions had a buoyant density of 1700 g/cm3, which is
      identical to that of nuclear DNA. The similarity between the cytoplasmic and
      nuclear DNA was also demonstrated by analysis on alkaline CsCl gradients. A small
      proportion of closed-circular DNA, presumably of mitochondrial origin, was
      demonstrated only in cytoplasmic fraction obtained from mechanically disrupted
      cells and not in detergent-prepared cytoplasmic lysate. It was found that poly
      (A)-containing mRNA and 28-S ribosomal RNA hybridized to about the same extent to
      the cytoplasmic DNA as compared to nuclear DNA. The results indicate that most of
      the cytoplasmic DNA in myeloma cells is similar to nuclear DNA and does not
      consist of mitochondrial DNA.

PMID- 1204640
TI  - Decreased dissociation of the 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase complex from
      Achromobacter in the presence of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA. A possible regulatory
      mechanism for the intracellular degradation of the enzyme.
AB  - By inactivation of different concentrations of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase
      from Achromobacter IVS with a fixed concentration of iodoacetamide, it was
      demonstrated that the degree of dissociation of the complex is considerably lower
      in the presence of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA. ATP did not produce this effect. This
      property could serve to regulate the intracellular degradation of the enzyme, if
      the dissociated subunits were attacked preferentially.

PMID- 1204641
TI  - Limited trypsinolysis of beta-haemocyanin of Helix pomatia. Characterization of
      the fragments and heterogeneity of the copper groups by circular dichroism.
AB  - A limited trypsinolysis of the tenths of beta-haemocyanin of Helix pomatia was
      performed at pH 8.2. The absorbance at 346 nm remained constant, indicating a
      preservation of the oxygen-binding sites. The five tryptic fragments were
      separated by chromatography on Sephadex G-100 and on DEAE-cellulose. They
      contained 2 Cu per 50000 daltons and showed different mobilities in agar
      electrophoresis. The molecular weights indicated that one fragment was
      constituted of three functional domains of about 50000 daltons, that two
      fragments were constituted of two domains, and two others of one domain.
      Twentieths of beta-haemocyanin seemed thus to be made up of 9 domains. The
      circular dichroic spectra of the fragments indicated the presence of two classes
      of copper groups according to their positive maximum at 455 or at 500 nm. The
      circular dichroic spectra also showed that no fragment could have originated from
      a larger one, confirming the presence of nine domains in the twentieths.

PMID- 1204642
TI  - Ribosome inactivation by the toxic lectins abrin and ricin. Kinetics of the
      enzymic activity of the toxin A-chains.
AB  - A sensitive test system for toxin-treated ribosomes was worked out by treating
      rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes with abrin A-chain, ricin A-chain or ricinus
      agglutinin A-chain, adding neutralizing amounts of specific antitoxins and
      testing for polyphenylalanine-synthesizing activity in a system where the
      concentration of elongation factors and ribosomes were varied. The strongest
      inhibition was obtained in the presence of low concentrations of elongation
      factor (EF-2). The activity of the ribosomes decreased with time of incubation
      with the toxin A-chains. Addition of anti-toxins stopped further inactivation. In
      systems containing untreated and toxin-treated ribosomes the ability to
      polymerize phenylalanine was proportional to the concentration of untreated
      ribosomes. There was a linear relationship between toxin A-chain concentration
      and the number of ribosomes inactivated per minute. The inactivation rate
      increased with temperature, and the estimated activation energy was 10.6 kcal
      (44.3 kJ). Linewaver-Burk plots of the data obtained by incubating various
      ribosome concentrations with toxins indicated a molecular activity of about 1500
      ribosomes/minute for abrin and ricin A-chains and 100 ribosomes/minute for
      ricinus agglutinin A-chain. The apparent Michaelis constant was 0.1-0.2 muM for
      all three A-chains. The activity of the A-chains in the intact cell is discussed.

PMID- 1204643
TI  - Biochemical research on oogenesis. Nucleotide sequence of initiator tRNA from
      oocytes and from somatic cells of Xenopus laevis.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of initiator tRNA, tRNAfMet, from vitellogenic oocytes of
      Xenopus laevis was determined. The sequence was deduced from analysis of all T1
      and pancreatic oligonucleotides and comparison with the sequence of initiator
      tRNA from other animal species. At least 80% of all initiator tRNA molecules from
      oocytes have the same nucleotide sequence. This means that most and probably all
      initiator tRNA genes which are active in oocytes are identical to one another. No
      structural difference was observed between liver and oocyte initiator tRNAs.
      Initiator tRNA from X. laevis has the same nucleotide sequence as initiator tRNA
      from several species of mammals. The genes coding for this RNA have therefore
      remained unchanged in the mammalian and amphibian lines for at least 300000000
      years.

PMID- 1204644
TI  - Translation of honeybee promelittin messenger RNA. Formation of a larger product
      in a mammalian cell-free system.
AB  - Venom glands of honeybees synthesize the peptide melittin via the precursor
      promelittin. Total RNA preparations from venom glands served as template in a
      cell-free system prepared from mammalian cells. The heterologous system
      translated the insect mRNA with approximately the same efficiency as hemoglobin
      mRNA. A polypeptide was synthesized which, as shown by acrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of detergent, has a higher molecular weight than
      promelittin. Analysis of peptic fragments as well as Edman degradation have
      demonstrated that sequences characteristic of venom gland promelittin are present
      in this product formed in vitro. Furthermore, a bacterial protease which
      specifically splits after acidic residues liberates from the cell-free product a
      fragment which closely resembles melittin. Evidence is presented that most of the
      extra amino acids are located at the amino terminus of the product formed in
      vitro. The larger polypeptide detected in vitro may represent a precursor of
      promelittin.

PMID- 1204645
TI  - Thermal and solvent perturbation as probes of conformational heterogeneity of
      haptoglobin 1-1.
AB  - The shifts which occur in the ultraviolet spectra of haptoglobin 1-1 (Hp) and a
      conformational isomer with lower affinity for hemoglobin (Hp), in response to
      temperature and solvent changes, have been measured by difference spectra. The
      thermal difference spectra provide evidence for a different participation of
      tryptophyl residues in the conformational stability of Hp and Hp. Solvent
      perturbations have allowed an estimation to be made of the number of surface
      chromophores in the native Hp and Hp. These results are compatible with the
      existence of two Hp conformational isomers with different free energy, separated
      by a high-potential barrier.

PMID- 1204646
TI  - Dihydrofolate reductase from bovine liver. Enzymatic and structural properties.
AB  - Dihydrofolate reductase from bovine liver has been purified 5000-fold employing
      conventional techniques and methotrexate/aminohexyl/Sepharose affinity
      chromatography. Electrophoresis of the isolated enzyme on polyacrylamide gels
      resulted in the separation of two enzymatically active protein components which
      were not interconvertible by treatment with dihydrofolate and/or the coenzyme.
      The two forms, present in a ratio of 20:1, were found by isoelectric focusing to
      have isoelectric points of 7.15 and 5.94. They had identical specific activities
      toward dihydrofolate (26.1-27.0 U/mg) and folate (1.3-2.2 U/mg), and had
      identical molecular weights (23500) and amino acid compositions. Due to the small
      quantity of the acidic form and the similarity of the two forms, the amino
      terminal sequence (19 residues) was determined on a mixture of carboxymethylated
      reductase. The single sulfhydryl group of the enzyme can be modified by several
      sulfhydryl reagents in the native enzyme without loss of activity. Modification
      of the same residue occurs in the denaturated state and partially inhibits
      renaturation to the fully acitve enzyme. One disulfide bridge was detected by
      reduction and alkylation. The cleavage of this bond did not effect the enzymatic
      activity.

PMID- 1204648
TI  - DNA synthesis in circulating erythroblasts of anemic duck. Isolation and
      properties of nuclear and cytoplasmic-nonmitochondrial DNA.
AB  - In the circulating blood of anemic ducks, 5% of all erythroid cells synthesize
      DNA. Immature erythroblasts, at all stages of differentiation, synthesize DNA
      although to a varying degree, while reticulocytes and erythrocytes do not. In the
      erythroid cell population labeled in vitro 2 h with 32Pi, half of the labeled DNA
      sediments as small-molecular-weight molecules, suggesting that these molecules
      fail to integrate into the high-molecular-weight components. Labeled DNA is found
      in the cytoplasmic postmitochondrial fractions and it is in a form of
      deoxyribonucleoproteins which cosediment with ribosomes as well as subribosomal
      particles in sucrose gradients. However, fixation with HCHO and centrifugation to
      equilibrium in CsCl gradient of these particles shows that the
      deoxyribonucleoprotein bands at the density different than the ribosomes and,
      thus, not physically linked to them. In EDTA-dissociated ribosomes, the
      deoxyribonucleoprotein particles cosediment with ribosomes as well as
      subribosomal particles in sucorse gradients. However, fixation with HCHO and
      centrifugation to equilibrium in CsCl gradient of these particles shows that the
      deoxyribonucleoprotein bands at the density different than the ribosomes and,
      thus, not physically linked to them. In EDTA-dissociated ribosomes, the
      deoxyribonucleoprotein particles cosdeiment with ribosomal subunits in such a way
      that the larger the particle, the larger the molecular weight of the DNA
      cosedimenting with it. The specific radioactivity of the cytoplasmic ribosome
      derived and postribosomal-particle-derived DNAs and the small molecular-weight
      nuclear DNA is similar and 10-20-fold higher than that of the bulk nuclear DNA.
      The former three DNA species sediment between 4-14 S. It is concluded that the
      cytoplasmic nonmitochondrial DNA species are of the nuclear origin. Less than
      0.5% of the total cellular nonmitochondrial DNA can be purified from the nucleus
      and the cytoplasm as fast-labeled small-molecular-weight components. All of the
      cellular nonmitochondrial DNA species band at the same mean buoyand density in
      Cs2SO4/urea gradients. All behave as native structures in hydroxyapatite and
      contain less than 5% of their length as single-stranded regions.

PMID- 1204647
TI  - Effect of nucleic-acid-binding compounds on the hydrolytic activity of various
      ribonucleases.
AB  - Studies were conducted on the stimulatory effect that various nucleic-acid
      binding compounds have on the hydrolysis of RNA and polyribonucleotides by
      pancreatic ribonuclease A and by other ribonucleases. The stimulatory activity of
      chloroquine on tRNA hydrolysis by pancreatic ribonuclease was due to the
      formation of oligonucleotides of a wide range of sizes and was not due to the
      formation of very short ( n greater than 5) oligonucleotide fragments of tRNA.
      The dextrorotatory and levorotatory isomers of chloroquine did not differ in
      their ability to stimulate the hydrolysis of tRNA by pancreatic ribonuclease A.
      In addition to chloroquine and primaquine, other nucleic-acid-binding compounds
      (e.g., quinacrine, lucanthone, and proflavin) stimulated the hydrolysis of tRNA
      by pancreatic ribonuclease A. Chloroquine did not alter the rate of hydrolysis by
      pancreatic ribonuclease A of low-molecular-weight substrates (cytidine cyclic
      2':o'-monophosphate, uridine cyclic 2':3'-monophosphate, cytidylyl-adenosine, or
      uridylyl-uridine). Furthermore, chloroquine and primaquine did not affect the
      hydrolysis of poly(A) by high concentrations of pancreatic ribonuclease A. In
      studies on the hydrolysis of tRNA by other endoribonucleases, several of the
      nucleic-acid-binding compounds (e.g., quinacrine and ethidium) exhibited
      appreciable inhibition of both ribonuclease N1 and ribonuclease T1. None of the
      compounds tested stimulated the activity of ribonuclease T1, and only
      chloroquine, and perhaps lucanthone, stimulated the hydrolysis of tRNA by
      ribonuclease N1.

PMID- 1204649
TI  - On the control of arginine metabolism in chicken kidney and liver.
AB  - Arginases have been found to be located on the external side of the inner
      mitochondrial membrane of chicken kidney and liver. Transamidinase has been
      detected within the liver mitochondrial matrix space. Arginases and
      transamidinase act upon two different intracellular arginine pools. Penetration
      of arginine into the matrix space occurs only in respring mitochondria and in the
      presence of anions such as acetate and phosphate; D-arginine, L-ornithine, D
      'ornithine and L-lysine penetrate with the same modalities. L-Histidine
      penetrates only kidney mitochondria. Because of transamidinase compartmentation,
      the rate of creatine synthesis is influenced by the rate of penetration of
      arginine into the mitochondria.

PMID- 1204650
TI  - Properties of the ribose-ring-opened adenine nucleotide, 2,2'(1-(9-adenyl)-1'
      (tri-,diphosphoryl-oxymethyl))-dihydroxydiethylether in mitochondrial adenine
      nucleotide translocation.
AB  - (Adenine-14C) or (gamma-32P)-labelled 2,2'[1-(9-adenyl)-1'-(tri-, diphosphoryl
      oxymethyl]-dihydroxydiethylether (rroANP) was obtained from ANP by cleavage of
      the C-2--C-3' bond by sodium periodate oxidation and subsequent borohydride
      reduction. Binding of rroANP to rat liver mitochondria revealed carrier-linked
      (atractyloside-sensitive) and unspecific (atractyloside-insensitive) binding but
      no transfer across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Kinetic data indicate rroANP
      as a competitive inhibitor for ANP uptake with Ki = 9.3 X 10(-5) M. Experimental
      rroANP confirmed that an intact adenine base and three anio.nic charges of the
      phosphate chain are essential for the recognition between ANP-carrier and
      nucleotide but insufficient for the induction of a transmembrane ANP exchange. In
      addition mobilisation of the carrier-nucleotide complex requires an intact
      ribofuranoside ring system.

PMID- 1204651
TI  - Turnover of polyadenylated messenger RNA in fission yeast. Evidence for the
      control of protein synthesis at the translational level.
AB  - Polyadenylated RNA was isolated from fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
      total RNA using oligo(dT)-cellulose, and was studied as a model for messenger
      RNA. The half-life of poly adenylated RNA was measured by two independent
      methods. (a) The rate of labelling of polyadenylated RNA during incubation of
      cells with [5-3H]uridine was measured. A half-life of 40-45 min was found by
      comparing the experimental data with theoretical curves calculated for labelling
      of RNAs with various half-lives. The influence of precursor-pool specific
      activity on RNA labelling kinetics is considered. (b) Cells were labelled with [5
      3H]uridine then further RNA synthesis was inhibited by addition of 8
      hydroxyquinoline. The rate of loos of radioactivity from polyadenylated RNA
      indicated a half-life of 50 min. The half-life found by these two methods is
      about one-third of the cell doubling time, and is much longer than previous
      estimates by indirect methods of yeast messenger RNA half-life. Both experimental
      methods provided evidence for the existence of tas a half-life of 40-50 min; a
      much smaller population is probably turning over more rapidly. After inhibition
      of RNA synthesis by 8-hydroxyquinoline, the rate of total protein synthesis
      declined much more rapidly than the polyadenylated RNA content of the cells.
      However, 60 min after inhibition of RNA synthesis there was a small rise in the
      rate of portein synthesis. These data are interpreted as evidence for mechanisms
      controlling protein synthesis which operate at the level of messenger RNA
      translation.

PMID- 1204652
TI  - DNA polymerases of rat liver. Partial characterization and effect of various
      inhibitors.
AB  - Three distinct DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities have been partially
      purified from normal rat liver. Soluble activities are separable into two
      distinct fractions (P1 and P2) by phosphocellulose chromatography. A low
      molecular-weight DNA polymerase was isolated from purified nuclei. The enzymes
      were characterized according to chromatographic and sedimentation behavior,
      enzymological properties, and response to various inhibitors. The results
      indicate that fraction P1 corresponds to the high-molecular-weight enzyme and
      suggest that polymerase P2 may be derived from partial dissociation of the high
      molecular-weight enzyme. The molecular weight of polymerase P1 was estimated to
      be about 250 000 by Sephadex column chromatography. Both fraction P2 and nuclear
      DNA polymerase appeared to be low-molecular-weight enzymes. However, the
      molecular size of these activities was apparently different. The estimated
      molecular weights of nuclear and P2 enzyme are about 40 000 and 25 000,
      respectively. As with the nuclear enzyme, polymerase P2 (but not P1) appeared to
      be free of detectable exonuclease activity. All of these polymerases showed a
      marked preference for initiated polydeoxyribonucleotide templates. The rat liver
      polymerases differed in their ability to use poly[d(A-T)-A1 primer-template, as
      is shown by the ratios of their activity with this synthetic polymer to that with
      activated DNA: 0.5, 2.75, and 1.34 for P1, P2, and nuclear polymerase,
      respectively. Denatured DNA was a poor template for both enzymes P1 and P2, but
      it was inert as template for the nuclear enzyme. Although each of these
      polymerases required all four deoxynucleoside triphosphates for maximal activity,
      they catalyzed a high rate of synthesis in the absence of one or more
      deoxynucleoside triphosphates. Such a 'limited' synthesis was much more extensive
      for polymerase P2 and nuclear enzyme than for P1 was the most sensitive of the
      three to sulphydryl reagents, ehtidium bromide, heparin, and single-stranded DNA.
      The responses of P2 and nuclear enzymes to various inhibitors were very similar.
      However, these two enzymes respond differently to heat and high ionic strength.

PMID- 1204653
TI  - Heterogeneity of human milk beta(1-4)-D-galactosyltransferase.
AB  - beta(1-4)-Galactosyltransferase from human milk (the A protein of lactose
      synthase) has been found to be heterogeneous when fractionated by affinity
      chromatography against insolubilized alpha-lactalbumin, using a linear gradient
      of decreasing N-acetylglucosamine concentration. Three forms were isolated.
      Molecular weights of the different species, as determined by sodium
      dodecylsulphate gel electrophoresis, were found to be 38 000, 43 000 and 50 000.
      The 38 000 and 50 000 species were studied for their catalytic ability to
      synthesize either lactose in the presence of alpha-lactalbumin, or N
      acetyllactosamine in the presence and absence of the 'specifier' protein.
      Appreciable difference was observed between the two enzyme forms with respect to
      their catalysis of lactose synthesis with alpha-lactalbumins from various
      sources. Differences in the rate of production of N-acetyllactosamine in the
      presence of alpha-lactalbumin were also observed. For the lowest-molecular-weight
      species it was found that the inhibitory effect of alpha-lactalbumin upon N
      acetyllactosamine synthesis becomes an activating effect at higher alpha
      lactalbumin concentrations, while no such inversion was observed for the other
      species. The results suggest that the conformation at the site of association of
      the enzyme with the acceptor saccharide or alpha-lactalbumin has been changed,
      presumably by a pratial enzymic hydrolysis.

PMID- 1204654
TI  - Some actions of purified toxins from Bungarus fasciatus venom on isolated pig
      heart mitochondria.
AB  - I. In the presence of succinate as an oxidation substrate, neurotoxins alpha,
      beta and gamma induce the following. Firstly, an increasing stimulation of oxygen
      uptake, which in potentiated by 25 muM Ca2+, Mg2+ 1.3 mM completely inhibits the
      effect of toxin alpha but not of toxins beta and gamma. Secondly, a depletion of
      the Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+ content of the water-soluble and membrane-bound
      mitochondrial compartments, following complex kinetics, which suggest a multistep
      interaction mechanism of the toxins with the mitochondria. 25 muM Ca2+ also
      potentiates the effect of the toxins on these ionic flows. Thirdly, no decrease
      of turbidity with toxin alpha, and a limited decrease with toxins beta and gamma.
      2. In the absence of respiration, the neurotoxins induce a cationic depletion,
      the kinetics of which are different than with succinate, suggesting an
      instantaneous maximal effect on the inner membrane. Toxins beta and gamma (but
      not alpha) induce, under these conditions, a turbidity decrease of large
      amplitude, which is proportional to the amount of toxin added and tends to reach
      a maximum. With gamma toxin this turbidity decrease is faster than the rate of
      water uptake (which never exceeds 18%) indicating that it is due rather to
      structural modifications than to swelling. The same is observed with beta toxin,
      provided the mitochondrial protein concentration to be lower than 0.7 mg/ml. For
      higher concentrations, a continuous decrease of turbidity with a considerable
      uptake of water probably reflects the onset of phospholipasic activities. 3. It
      is postulated that structural modifications of the mitochondrial membranes are
      initiated which lead to the loss of their selective impermeability. The
      simultaneous loss of respiratory control with succinate may be due to the direct
      (though Ca2+-potentiated) displacement of the fraction of the membrane-bound Mg2+
      ions which controls its energy-transducing properties. 4. In addition,
      correlations between the effects of the toxins on mitochondria and their
      neurotoxicity in vivo are discussed.

PMID- 1204655
TI  - Luminescence studies of saccharide binding to wheat germ agglutinin (lectin).
AB  - The fluorescence and phosphorescence emission of wheat germ agglutinin are
      reported. Fluorescent tryptophan residues of wheat germ agglutinin are found
      highly exposed to solvent: fluorescence quenching induced by temperature fits
      with a single Arrhenius critical energy close to that of tryptophan in solution;
      the whole fluorescence emission is susceptible to iodide ion quenching and data
      reveal the homogeneity of fluorescence arising from only one type of tryptophan
      exposition. Energy transfers are analyzed at singlet and triplet state level.
      Tyrosine fluorescence at 25 degrees C is very weak. Results obtained from the
      relative excitation fluorescence quantum yield and from intrinsic fluorescence
      polarization show that a large amount of energy absorbed by tyrosine at 280 nm is
      transferred to tryptophan residues. However, tyrosine fluorescence is highly
      increased at 70 degrees C although disulfide bridges are not reduced. The
      phosphorescence spectrum at 77 K in 50% ethylene glycol is finely structured with
      several resolved vibrational bands at 405, 432 and 455 nm. Phosphorescence decay
      can be fitted with a single exponential. Lifetime is independent of excitation
      wave-length. Its value is very close to that of free tryptophan. Influence of tri
      N-acetyl-chitotriose binding on luminescence properties are investigated. Results
      are analyzed in terms of steric tryptophan-ligand relationships. It is shown that
      all the fluorescent chromophores are concerned by the ligand binding but all
      fluorescence emission is still susceptible to iodide ion quenching. There is no
      change induced in energy transfer at the singlet state level and no modification
      in triplet state population.

PMID- 1204656
TI  - A contribution of nonhistone proteins to the conformation of chromatin.
AB  - 1. Changes in circular dichroism (CD) spectra and thermal melting profiles of
      guinea pigliver DNA reassociated with histones and/or nonhistone proteins from
      the cerebral of liver chromatin are described. 2. In the DNA-histone complex,
      positive ellipiticity in the CD spectrum at 260-300 nm is progressively lod by a
      red-shift of the crossover point at around 260 nm. DNA in this complex is
      thermally stabilised to a considerable extent, but not to such a full extent as
      is shown with DNA in native chromatin. 3. DNA-nonhistone complex in 0.14 M NaCl
      is, in contrast to DNA-histone complex, not precipitable by centrifugation at 20
      000 X g. DNA in this complex shows only a slight reduction in ellipticity at 260
      300 nm, and a very weak thermal stabilisation. 4. Characteristics in the CD
      spectrum of the native chromatin are most satisfactorily reproduced in the DNA
      histone-nonhistone complex. These include a large decrease in ellipticity at 260
      300 nm, a red-shift of the crossover point at around 260 nm, and a slight
      negative band at around 305 nm. Also, DNA in this complex is thermally stabilised
      to the extent comparable with DNA in the native chromatin. 5. Addition of
      nonhistone proteins to the preformed DNA-histone complex in 3 M urea renders a
      half of the complex, named DNA-histone(-nonhistone), unprecipitable upon
      centrifugation at 20 000 X g in 0.14 M NaCl. CD spectrum and thermal melting
      profile of the precipitable DNA-histone(-nonhistone) complex are similar to those
      of the DNA-histone-nonhistone complex, while in the unprecipitable DNA-histone(
      nonhistone) comples, the ellipticity at 260-300 nm is significantly elevated and
      the highest melting transition (at 80 degrees C) is lacking. 6. The CD spectrum
      of native cerebral chromatin closely resembles that of unprecipitable DNA
      histone(-nonhistone) complex, while in liver chromatin, the spec.trum is an
      intermediate between those of the unprecipitable and pn of chromatin by
      nonhistone proteins. Cerebral nonhistone proteins bind to DNA and to the DNA
      histone complex more extensively than liver nonhistone proteins. 7. It is
      concluded that, although the basic conformation of DNA in native chromatin is
      determined largely by histones, nonhistone proteins also play an individual role.
      There is also an indication that nonhistone proteins exert an organ-specific
      modification of chromatin superstructure.

PMID- 1204657
TI  - Ligand binding of organic sulfides to microsomal cytochrome P-450.
AB  - Octyl methyl-, butyl methyl- and pentamethylene sulfide react with about 50% of
      oxidized cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes from phenobarbital-pretreated rats
      by formation of optical difference spectra with maxima at 435 and 552 nm and
      concomitant shifts in the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum. Reduction by
      NADPH or sodium dithionite yielded a Soret absorption band at 449 nm and alpha
      and beta bands at 573 and 545 nm, respectively. The ligand metyrapone and the
      substrate n-octane competitively inhibited the formation of these difference
      spectra and pentamethylene sulfide was a strong competitive inhibitor of the 0
      deakylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin. These results indicate a direct ligand binding
      of the sulfides to cytochrome P-450 with concomitant blocking of the hydrophobic
      substrate binding site. Some sulfides did not interact as ligands but as
      substrates, in variation, however, with the source of microsomes.

PMID- 1204658
TI  - A comparison of two methods for the computer analysis of arterial blood pressure
      waveforms.
AB  - Two different methods, one analogue and one digital, for the analysis of the
      arterial blood pressure waveform are described and compared. Little difference
      was found in the systolic and diastrlic pressures determined by the two methods.

PMID- 1204661
TI  - Report on the First World Congress on Intensive Care, London, June 24-27, 1974.

PMID- 1204659
TI  - Regional lung function following prosthetic hip replacement surgery.
AB  - With a Xenon133 radiospirometric technique the regional lung function was
      evaluated before and after prosthetic hip arthroplasty performed in the lateral
      decubitus position with either respirator-controlled neuroleptic anesthesia or
      epidural anesthesia with spontaneous breathing. Regional lung function measured
      in a supine position 1, 20 and 72-96 hours postoperatively revealed a reduction
      of the perfusion, ventilation and volume of ventilated alveoli on the dependant
      lung. The reduction was most pronounced immediately postoperatively, especially
      following respirator-controlled anesthesia. There was also an increase of
      pulmonary blood volume and a decrease of total lung volume in this group. The
      changes of lung function are probably caused by congestive atelectasis, secondary
      to impaired ventilation of the dependent lung. Peroperatively induced
      microembolism might have potentiated the effect.

PMID- 1204660
TI  - Haemodynamic response to slow plasma volume expansion in uncomplicated myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Left ventricular performance in 16 patients with uncomplicated acute myocardial
      infarction (AMI) has been estimated, by measuring the haemodynamic response to a
      moderate increase in left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP), obtained by an
      espansion in blood volume with a slow infusion of 250 ml of plasma. In 9 cases
      the infusion was repeated. This represents a total of 25 tests. In 17 tests
      (group A) cardiac index (CI) and left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) did
      not increase significantly and sometimes decreased. In 8 tests (group B) The same
      plasma volume expansion (PVE) induced a moderate but significant increase in CI(p
      less than 0.001) and LVSWI (p less than 0.001). A higher incidence of inferior
      wall infarction was present in group B. Control CI and LVFP did not differ
      between the two groups and there was no correlation between the initial LVFP and
      the type of response to PVE. For the same volume load, the increase in pulmonary
      capillary wedge pressure (CWP) showed large individual variations (+1 to +8 mm
      Hg). As a general rule when CI improved, the increment in CWP was minimal (+1 mm
      Hg). It is concluded that there is no unique optimal LVFP and that PVE must be
      carefully monitored, in all cases.

PMID- 1204662
TI  - Haemodynamic performance and weaning from mechanical ventilation following open
      heart surgery.
AB  - In 38 patients ventilated after open-heart surgery the effect of a 20 minutes
      spontaneous breathing period on right atrial pressure (RAP), left atrial pressure
      (LAP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), aortic pressure (AoP), ECG and cardiac
      index (CI) was monitored. Arterial bloodgas analysis before and during
      spontaneous breathing ruled out any respiratory failure. The test period of
      spontaneous breathing provoked an increase in systemic and pulmonary vascular
      resistance. By this and by a direct aggravation of cardiac failure the work of
      both ventricles dropped inspite of an increase in enddiastolic ventricular
      pressure. If these hemodynamic effects of a spontaneous breathing test period are
      taken as a guide for deciding, if a patient after open-heart surgery is ready for
      being extubated, the need for reintubation will be extremely rare. The study
      encourages us to sue mechanical ventilation as an additional instrument for
      treating heart failure even if no respiratory failure is present.

PMID- 1204665
TI  - Putrescine as inhibitor of 3,4-benzopyrene cancerogenesis.

PMID- 1204664
TI  - Comparison of the human pharmacokinetics of VM-26 and VP-16, two antineoplastic
      epipodophyllotixin glucopyranoside derivatives.

PMID- 1204663
TI  - Chemotherapy as a primary treatment of Hodgkin's disease (204 new cases, 1 to 8
      years of follow-up).

PMID- 1204666
TI  - Serum insulin and somatomedin levels in the tumour-bearing rat.

PMID- 1204667
TI  - Beta-glucuronidase in human cutaneous tumours.

PMID- 1204668
TI  - Ineffectiveness of anticoagulation in experimental radiation therapy.

PMID- 1204669
TI  - Levels of cholesterol, 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and progesterone in plasma from
      postmenopausal women with breast cancer.

PMID- 1204670
TI  - [General toxicity of cosmetics].

PMID- 1204671
TI  - Factors influencing the indomethacin-induced intestinal lesions in the rat.
AB  - The influence of various experimental conditions such as partial hepatectomy,
      administration of hepatotoxic drugs such as carbontetrachloride or ethionine, and
      starvation on the ulcerogenic activity of indomethacin at intestinal level has
      been studied in the rat. While lesions produced by oral administration of high
      doses of indomethacin are reduced by starvation, the incidence of ulcers was
      significantly increased by partial hepatectomy and by hepatotoxic drugs reaching
      the maximum of severity (intestinal perforation) in partially hepatectomized
      animals. These findings suggest that ulcerogenic activity of indomethacin is
      strictly correlated to the drug metabolising capacity of the liver.

PMID- 1204673
TI  - [Activities of molecules similar to carboxyhydroxamic acid chromone-2 (sodium
      salt) in experimental mercury chloride poisoning; importance of the chromone
      cycle].
AB  - The carbo-hydroxamic-2 chromone acid (sodium salt) shows a higher protective
      action in vivo than in vitro against mercury chloride induced intoxications. The
      higher effect observed in vivo might be due to the activity itself of the
      chromone cycle which added up to that of the carbo-hydroxamic acid function. This
      latter alone appears in vitro. The antihyaluronidasic properties of this
      protective agent allow it to prevent the toxic substances to be diffused.

PMID- 1204672
TI  - [Transformation of nitrates in the digestive tract of the rat].
AB  - The in vitro transformation of nitrates in nitrites in the various parts of the
      gastro-intestinal tract has been analysed in the Rat. Results show that nitrites
      can be found at the different levels of the alimentary tract, especially in the
      stomach and small intestine. This nitrite production is discussed with regard to
      the possible formation of nitrosamines in mammals.

PMID- 1204674
TI  - [Effects of different toxic compounds (Pb, Cu, formol, NH4) on the carp:
      histologic changes in excretory and hematopoietic organs].
AB  - Here is a comparative study of the impairments observed on the histological
      structure of the excretory and hematopoietic organs of carps after acute
      intoxication (by formol and ammonia) and chronic intoxication (by copper sulfate
      and lead nitrate). Although all these toxic substances induce the same type of
      impairments, their degree of seriousness vary. The most affected organs are the
      gills which present with congestive reactions and partial destruction of
      respiratory lamellae, and the spleen whose red pulp is usually destroyed. On the
      other hand, the proliferation of a parasitic fungus was observed on all
      intoxicated carps. This was understood as a weakening of their body's natural
      defenses.

PMID- 1204675
TI  - [Toxicologic analysis of chloralose. Application to 3 cases of acute
      intoxication].
AB  - The authors describe the study of three human intoxication case by chloralose.
      The detection and dosage of the toxic in the urine of patients have been carried
      out by the mean of a technic perfected by the same authors. In two case, it has
      been possible to trace the elimination of the toxic in the urine, the data
      relative to the third case were not sufficiently precised but they enable to show
      the existence of criminal etiology of chloralose.

PMID- 1204677
TI  - A light and transmission electron-microscopic study of the rat iris in pupillary
      dilation and constriction.

PMID- 1204676
TI  - Permeability of regenerated corneal epithelium.

PMID- 1204678
TI  - Inhibition of increased permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier by non
      steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds as demonstrated by fluorescein angiography.

PMID- 1204679
TI  - The effect of light deprivation on the progress of retinal degeneration in two
      strains of dystrophic rat.

PMID- 1204680
TI  - The anatomy and fine structure of the eye in Teleost. III. The structure of the
      lentiform body in Fundulus grandis.

PMID- 1204681
TI  - Further studies on the chemistry of photoreceptor membranes of rats fed an
      essential fatty acid deficient diet.

PMID- 1204682
TI  - Permeability of iridial blood vessels.

PMID- 1204683
TI  - Dependence of rat and rabbit photoreceptor potentials upon anaerobic and aerobic
      metabolism in vitro.

PMID- 1204684
TI  - Genetically regulated aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in the eye: possible
      significance of the drug-metabolizing enzyme system for the retinal pigmented
      epithelium-choroid.

PMID- 1204685
TI  - Solute permeability of the normal and prostaglandin-stimulated ciliary epithelium
      and the effect of ultrafiltration on active transportation.

PMID- 1204686
TI  - Protein composition of bovine lens cortical fiber cell membranes.

PMID- 1204688
TI  - Ambient temperature, physical activity and aging in the housefly, Musca
      domestica.

PMID- 1204687
TI  - Age-related secretion of androstenedione, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone by
      the human testis.

PMID- 1204689
TI  - The aging of rat liver as revealed by electron microscopic morphometry--I. Basic
      parameters.

PMID- 1204690
TI  - Inhibitory effect of cadmium chloride on the cross-linking of collagen in young
      male garden lizards.

PMID- 1204691
TI  - Development of intertectal neuronal connections in xenopus: the effects of
      contralateral transposition of the eye and of eye removal.
AB  - The development of intertectal neruonal connections has been investigated in
      Xenopus laevis. Contralateral eye grafts and enucleations were performed in
      embryos and the resultant visual projections to the optic tecta were mapped
      electrophysiologically after metamorphosis. In enucleated animals the ipsilateral
      projections were found to be normally organised retinotopically but consisted of
      visual units with abnormally large multi-unit receptive fields. In 10 animals
      with contralaterally grafted eyes a normal ipsilateral projection had developed
      from the abnormal eye and an abnormal projection from the normal eye, to produce
      congruent maps via the two eyes to one tectum. All the maps in these animals were
      retinotopically organised. In another 11 animals the ipsilateral projection from
      the operated eye was fragmentary or absent, while that from the unoperated eye
      resembled the pattern found after enucleation. Retinotopically abnormal
      contralateral projections had developed in 5 animals of this group. These results
      suggest that prefunctional specification determines the initial development of
      diffuse intertectal visual connections but these may be modified by a process of
      binocular interaction in the presence of a normal primary contralateral input.

PMID- 1204692
TI  - An ultrastructural study of normal and injured hypoglossal nuclei after injection
      of horseradish peroxidase.
AB  - The left hypoglossal nuclei of normal rats, and rats which had received left
      hypoglossal nerve axotomies 7-21 days previously, were studied by electron
      microscopy after injection of horseradish peroxidase as a marker of extracellular
      space and pinocytosis. Quantitative analysis showed that the number of
      pinocytotically-derived structures in presynaptic boutons was significantly
      increased in rats at 7, 14, and 21 days after axotomy when compared with normal
      rats. It was suggested that presynaptic boutons which became detached from
      injured neurones retracted by a membrane cycling mechanism involving pinocytotic
      uptake of bouton plasmalemma, without compensatory membrane production elsewhere.
      It was confirmed that the channels in the microglial cells communicated with the
      extracellular space.

PMID- 1204693
TI  - Factors determining decussation at the optic chiasma by developing retinotectal
      fibres in Xenopus.
AB  - In Amphibia all primary retinotectal nerve fibres cross at the chiasma. To
      investigate why this decussation takes place, a series of embryological
      operations were performed in which one host eye was replaced by an eye from the
      opposite side of a donor in Xenopus laevis. The visual projections to the optic
      tecta were mapped electrophysiologically in these animals when adult to reveal to
      which side of the brain the nerve fibres had become connected. In the majority of
      cases the contralaterally grafted eyes had developed primary projections to both
      tecta, in others all the fibres had innervated the contralateral tectum and in 2
      animals optic axons were detected only from the ipsilateral side. In 2 other
      animals optic nerve fibres from both the normal and operated eyes had innervated
      both tecta. Control experiments showed that section of the optic nerve and stalk
      without any misalignment of the eye and stalk did not disturb the normal
      decussation of the fibres. Neither did enucleation in the embryo affect the
      decussation of the fibres from the remaining eye. It is concluded that no "side
      specificity" has been shown to exist to determine the side of the brain into
      which retinotectal fibres develop; rather it seems that complete decussation
      depends on the developing optic nerve fibres being able to enter a normally
      aligned optic stalk as they leave the eye.

PMID- 1204694
TI  - Temporal frequency characteristics of spatial interaction in human vision.
AB  - In psychophyscial experiments the bright-dark contrast effects observed in a
      steady test-field were measured as a function of the temporal frequency of an
      inducing-field modulated symmetrically about the test-field luminance. The
      frequency-contrast functions obtained from these measurements were interpreted as
      reflecting the temporal frequency characteristics of the lateral pathways within
      the B and D systems (the on-center and off-center neurons) in human vision.
      Psychophysical evidence is further presented that the lateral neural pathways
      have lower temporal cut-off frequencies than the "straight-through" pathways. The
      results are discussed in terms of the frequency characteristics of the center and
      surround of the receptive fields of on-center and off-center neurons. It is
      doubtful, however, whether the psychophysical results can be fully explained by
      the properties of the single-unit receptive field mechanisms.

PMID- 1204695
TI  - The Aubert-Fleischl phenomenon: a temporal frequency effect on perceived velocity
      in afferent motion perception.
AB  - Apparent velocities of moving visual stimuli are known to be different depending
      on whether the subject pursues the stimulus (efferently controlled motion
      perception) or whether the eye is stationary and the image moves across the
      retina (afferent motion perception). Afferent motion perception of a periodic
      pattern or a moving single object causes overestimation of velocity (magnitude
      estimations) as compared to smooth pursuit. This socalled Aubert-Fleischl
      phenomenon is shown to depend on local temporal frequency stimulation on the
      retina caused by the repetitive passage of contrast borders of the moving
      periodic pattern. This is evidenced by the fact that for a given stimulus speed
      the amount of overestimation is a function of the spatial frequency of the
      pattern (or the angular subtend of a single moving object) and that the Aubert
      Fleischl phenomenon is not observed if a single edge moves. Background
      characteristics seem not to influence the apparent velocity during smooth
      pursuit.

PMID- 1204696
TI  - The association connexions of the suprasylvian fringe (SF) and other areas of the
      cat auditory cortex.
AB  - The association connexions of the peri-auditory (SF, Ea and INS) and auditory
      (AI, AII and Ep) areas of the cat cortex were studied in silver impregnated
      material of 32 experiments with cortical lesions. The cortex of the lateral bank
      of the rostral part of the middle suprasylvian sulcus (SF) sends many fibres to
      AI and to the insular cortex (INS), and has scanty projections upon AII and Ep.
      In addition, it sends fibres to the visual area 17 as well as to the ventral bank
      of the medial part of the cruciate sulcus. It receives fibres from the three
      auditory areas AI, AII and Ep, as well as from Ea and INS. The dorsal part of the
      anterior ectosylvian gyrus (Ea) projects upon SF, AI, and AII. Ea sends few
      fibres to Ep, and receives relatively dense projections from AI and AII. The
      anterior sylvian gyrus (INS) projects heavily upon AII as well as upon the
      superficial part of SF. It sends a few fibres also to Ep. INS receives heavy
      projections from AII and relatively lighter connections from SF, AI and Ep. The
      three auditory areas AI, AII and Ep are strongly mutually interconnected. AI and
      Ep have scanty projections upon the visual area 19, and AI also to the lateral
      suprasylvian visual area, as well as upon the ventral bank of the medial cruciate
      sulcus. Correlations of the association connexions with the functions of each
      area are discussed.

PMID- 1204697
TI  - Identification of the Golgi picture of the layer VI cortic-geniculate projection
      neurons.

PMID- 1204698
TI  - Columnar distribution of U-fibres from the postcruciate cerebral projection area
      of the cat's group I muscle afferents.
AB  - Needle stitch lesions were made in the maximal point of the cerebral projection
      area of the low threshold muscle afferents near the postcruciate dimple of the
      cat's posterior sigmoid gyrus. The lesions did not exceed 500 mum in diameter and
      were restricted to the cortical grey matter. Degenerating nerve fibres and
      terminals were investigated with Fink-Heimer technique in four cats (survival
      times: 26, 48 and 96 hours). The cytoarchitectonic areas of the sensori-motor
      cortex were determined in cresyl violet and van Gieson sections. All lesions were
      made in area 3a. Degenerating U-fibres originating from the lesion travelled in
      the white matter to the cortex of area 4 gamma, 3b and 2. They reentered the
      cortex and branched in layer III. Terminal degeneration was found in layer I. The
      degeneration was distributed to distinct columns with a diameter of about 1mm.
      Such columns were observed laterally and medially in area 4 gamma, in area 3b
      near the caudal end of the coronal sulcus, in area 2 near the lateral ansate
      sulcus and in the forelimb region of SII. The distribution of the cortico
      cortical connections from the cerebral projection area of the forelimb group I
      muscle afferents was discussed in relation to the known cerebral projections of
      group I muscle afferents, low threshold joint afferents, pacinian afferents and
      low threshold skin afferents.

PMID- 1204700
TI  - Complex end-plate potentials at the regenerating neuromuscular junction of the
      rat.

PMID- 1204701
TI  - Representation of the cornea in the brain stem of the rat.

PMID- 1204702
TI  - Arterial patterns of the rat rhinencephalon and related structures.

PMID- 1204699
TI  - Functional organization of vestibulofastigial projection in the horizontal
      semicircular canal system in the cat.
AB  - Spike potentials of fastigial nucleus neurons were recorded extracellularly in
      decerebrate, unanesthetized cats. The neurons responding to head rotation in the
      horizontal plane with a type I fashion were located mainly in the middle and
      caudal regions of the fastigial nucleus. Three fourth of these fastigial type I
      neurons were antidromically activated by stimulation of the contralateral
      vestibular nuclei. These neurons were excited transsynaptically from the
      ipsilateral vestibular nerve or nuclei. Intra cellular recordings were made from
      those neurons which were located in the caudal half of the fastigial nucleus and
      were activated antidromically from the contralateral vestibular nuclei.
      Stimulation of the ipsilateral vestibular nerve produced EPSPs in these neurons
      with latencies of 1.0-6.6 msec. The shortest conduction time along primary
      vestibular aggerents from the labyrinth to the ipsilateral fastigial nucleus was
      0,7 msec. The EPSPs with the shortest latency of 1.0 msec were therefore
      postulated to be due to monosynaptic connections of primary vestibular afferents
      with fastigial neurons. Stimulation of ipsilateral vestibular nuclei also
      produced monosynaptic EPSPs in fastigial neurons. These EPSPs were facilitated by
      conditioning stimulation of the ipsilateral vestibular nerve, indicating the
      existence of polysynaptic activation of fastigial neurons from the ipsilateral
      vestibular nerve through the vestibular nuclei.

PMID- 1204703
TI  - Effects of chronic rotation and hypergravity on muscle fibers of soleus and
      plantaris muscles of the rat.

PMID- 1204704
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of synaptic input to the optic lobe of carp
      (Carassius carassius).

PMID- 1204706
TI  - Postdecapitation convulsions and their inhibition by drugs.

PMID- 1204705
TI  - Effects of physical training on the histochemistry and morphology of ventral
      motor neurons.

PMID- 1204707
TI  - Experimental modulation of medullary dental pulp units by mechanical stimulation
      of oro-facial fields.

PMID- 1204708
TI  - Development of sleep state patterns in the kitten.

PMID- 1204709
TI  - Analysis of the respiratory role of pharyngeal constrictor motoneurons of cat.

PMID- 1204710
TI  - Absence of barrels and disorganization of thalamic afferent distribution in the
      sensory cortex of reeler mice.

PMID- 1204711
TI  - Effects of peripheral afferent stimulation on dorsal horn neurons in the chicken
      (Gallus domesticus).

PMID- 1204712
TI  - Eimeria acervulina, E. brunetti, and E. maxima: immunity in chickens with low
      multiple doses of mixed oocysts.

PMID- 1204713
TI  - Brugia pahangi: susceptibility and macroscopic pathology of golden hamster.

PMID- 1204714
TI  - Distribution of phenylalanine transaminase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
      activities in etiolated and light irradiated radish seedlings (Raphanus sativus
      L.).
AB  - In dark-grown Raphanus sativus seedlings the level of phenylalanine transaminase
      is higher in cotyledons than in root and hypocotyl. The maximum activity of
      phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is found in the root. Only PAL is significantly
      increased by light.

PMID- 1204715
TI  - In vitro lipid synthesis by lathyrogen-treated L-929 fibroblasts.
AB  - Aside from cholesterol, cholesterol esters and lyso-lecithin, the de novo lipid
      synthesic mechanisms which operate in cells grown in the presence of beta-amino
      propionitrile are largely depressed and suggest that there may be in operation
      specific metabolic control mechanisms for regulation of cellular lipid
      composition.

PMID- 1204716
TI  - Kininase and anti-inflammatory activities of acid carboxypeptidase from
      Penicillium janthinellum.
AB  - The acid carboxypeptidase from Penicillium janthinellum catalyzed the rapid
      release of arginine, and the slow release of phenylalanine, proline, serine and
      glycine from the carboxy-terminal of bradykinin at pH 4.15 to 4.8. Anti
      inflammatory activity of the acid carboxypeptidase seems to suggest that the
      enzyme hydrolyzed bradykinin in vivo.

PMID- 1204717
TI  - Ligand-leakage in affinity chromatography: a second note on the mathematical
      approach.
AB  - A leakage function describing the hydrolytic release of ligand molecules
      covalently attached to insoluble supports by the CNBr method has been derived.
      Statistical factors were taken into account. The results of this random order
      model are compared with those of a consecutive order model proposed by Gribnau
      and Tesser.

PMID- 1204718
TI  - On the role of divalent cations in the reaction mechanism of malic enzyme.
AB  - The kinetic order of addition of Mg2+ and L-malate to malic enzyme has been
      determined. Mg2+ is the first to bind, and probably acts as a link between the
      substrate and the active site.

PMID- 1204719
TI  - Renal glucose utilization in genetically diabetic microangiopathy.
AB  - Glucose uptake into kidney tissue is not influenced by the development of
      glomerulosclerosis in KK mice. Glucosyltransferase activity remains at a normal
      level even at an age having a highest incidence of serious development of
      glomerulosclerosis. The observation suggests that biosynthesis of basement
      membrane reflected by its glucosyltransferase activity does not accelerate in
      genetically transmitted microangiopathy.

PMID- 1204720
TI  - Effect of sex hormones on uric acid metabolism in rats.
AB  - The effects of sex hormones on purine metabolism were investigated in rats. No
      influence on purine synthesis was shown by the injection of estrogen and
      androgen. The plasma urate levels were significantly lowered from 2.43 +/- 1.04
      mg/100 ml to 1.53 +/- 0.57 mg/100 ml by the injection of progesterone. Urinary
      excretion of uric acid plus allantoin was slightly reduced. These results
      suggested that progesterone may influence age and sex differences in human plasma
      urate levels.

PMID- 1204721
TI  - Evidence for purine biosynthesis in human leukocytes.
AB  - Human leukocytes and lymphocytes have shown to be equipped with 5-phosphoribosyl
      1-pyrophosphate amidotransrease, the enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of the
      first intermediate of the purine pathway, thus providing evidence that these
      cells have the capacity for de novo purine biosynthesis.

PMID- 1204722
TI  - Karyological heterogeneity in the Falconiformes (Aves).
AB  - Chromosome studies in 4 families of Falconiformes, Cathartidae, Falconidae,
      Sagittariidae and Accipitridae showed that the karyological variety in this order
      is much wider than in any other avian order, which underlines the heterogeneous
      character of the group. Of the 4 families only the Cathartidae show karyological
      similarities with other avian groups (Gruiformes, Ciconiiformes), while the
      karyotypes of the Accipitridae are most uncommon among birds, because of the
      presence of only 8 microchromosomes.

PMID- 1204724
TI  - Karyotype of Geomys pinetis (Mammalia: Geomyidae), with a discussion of the
      chromosomal relationships within the genus.
AB  - 4 of the 5 subspecies of Geomys pinetis were karyotyped. All specimens examined
      had a diploid number of 42 and a fundamental number of 80. This karyotype was
      compared with the described karyotypes of other species of Geomys and was
      considered to be derived from an ancestoral form having a karyotype of about 70
      acrocentric elements.

PMID- 1204723
TI  - Male-linked translocations and the control of insect pest populations.
AB  - Published data on an experimental release of Culex pipiens carrying a male-linked
      translocation are re-examined and it is shown that the steady decline in
      translocation frequency after termination of releases agrees with theoretical
      expectations, because of the selective disadvantage of translocation heterozygote
      males. Systems based on negative heterosis or meiotic drive are considered
      whereby it might be possible to prolong the population control which would be
      achieved by a short term release.

PMID- 1204725
TI  - Morphology of colloidal gold, ferritin and anti-ferritin antibody complexes.
AB  - The morphology of model complexes between colloidal gold, ferritin and anti
      ferritin antibodies has been studied in order to evaluate the potential of
      colloidal gold as a cytochemical marker.

PMID- 1204726
TI  - Hybridization of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosomal RNA with mitochondrial
      and nuclear DNA.
AB  - Hybridization assays of rat liver mitochondrial and cytoplasmic rRNAs with in
      vitro labelled mitochondrial and nuclear DNA were performed in liquid medium.
      Sensitivity towards S1 enzyme and Tms of the RNA-DNA hybrids were studied. Our
      results are in favour of a distinct genetic origin of the two types of cellular
      rRNAs.

PMID- 1204728
TI  - Development of osmolarity in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of chick
      embryos.

PMID- 1204727
TI  - Norepinephrine in fetal and neonatal rabbit brain.
AB  - In the first hour after parturition, the newborn rabbit brain norepinephrine
      content is about 37% less than that of the fetus of 30th or 31st day. Later on,
      within 2 to 4 h, the norepinephrine level returns to the prenatal value and
      remains unchanged between 8 to 12 h. This transitory fall of the brain
      norepinephrine seems to be linked to the stress conditions which occur during
      parturition.

PMID- 1204729
TI  - Interaction between sugars and amino acids in intestinal absorption by rat, in
      vivo.
AB  - The inhibitory action of L-leucine on the intestinal absorption of D-glucose and
      D-galactose, as well as the inhibitory action of D-galactose on the absorption of
      L-leucine at various concentrations by rat small intestine has been studied. The
      further effect was more clearly evidenced when the medium was perfunded through
      the intestine in a closed circuit system using a peristaltic pump.

PMID- 1204731
TI  - Autonomic control of renal portal blood flow in the domestic fowl.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of the intrinsic nerves of the renal portal valve of the
      domestic fowl demonstrated the presence of noradrenergic inhibitory, and
      cholinergic excitatory fibres. They may be involved in the control of venous
      return.

PMID- 1204730
TI  - Study on sex-specific transferrin polymorphism and on the identification of
      transferrins by radioactive labelling.
AB  - Sex-specific differences with regard to the intensity of transferrin bands were
      observed in a noninbred adult mouse population after separation of the serum
      proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Amongst the female animals, an
      additional protein fraction was found just above the position of the transferrin
      bands. By means of a tracer method, using 59Fe-labelling, it could be shown that
      the additional fraction is not a part of the transferrin bands.

PMID- 1204732
TI  - Ultraviolet light-induced miniature end-plate potentials in frog neuromuscular
      junction.

PMID- 1204733
TI  - [Investigations on the Influence of Thrombocytes and Temperature on the Whole
      Blood- and Plasma-Viscosity as Comparative Measurements Between a Capillary- and
      a Plate-Cone-Viscosimeter (author's transl)].
AB  - The capillary viscosimeter (Viscotimer) tested with different Ubbelohde
      viscosimeters is suitable for measurements of plasmaviscosity; the limitting
      factor of the measuring method is the exact adjustment of the temperature. When
      testing the plate-cone-viscosimeter (Wells-Brookfield Microviscosimeter), we
      achieved scientifically adequate results only when using shear rates 230, 115 and
      46 sec-1. An influence of different thrombocyte-concentrations on the viscosity
      of whole blood and plasma could not be detected. The flow capacity of whole blood
      and plasma is distinctly dependent on the temperature.

PMID- 1204734
TI  - Collagen in aging muscles.
AB  - The salt, acid and insoluble collagen fractions were estimated in red, white and
      cardiac muscles of 10-, 15- and 20-month-old albino rats. The total collagen
      level with reference to total proteins is more in red than in white and cardiac
      muscle. Accumulation of more of insoluble collagen and decrease in salt
      extractable collagen is seen in all three muscles with aging.

PMID- 1204736
TI  - Reduction of hypoxia-induced disturbances by previous treatment with benserazide
      and L-dopa in rats.
AB  - Pretreatment by benserazide (50 mg/kg i.p.) and L-Dopa (100 mg/kg i.p.) in rats
      induces a reduction of the diminution of motility after hypoxia and a
      stabilization of cerebral blood flow during and after hypoxia. An overload of
      cerebral dopamine and norepinephrine seems to be the original process of this
      phenomenon.

PMID- 1204735
TI  - [Lysosome-rich synaptosomal preparations from rat mesencephalus (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Subcellular fraction, enriched with synaptosomes, obtained from rat brain has
      been found contaminated by lysosomes, as evidenced by the high content of acid
      phosphatase, their biochemical marker.

PMID- 1204737
TI  - Prostaglandin-induced choleresis in the rat.
AB  - It could be demonstrated that intraportal infusion of prostaglandin A1 (1
      mug/min/100 g body wt.) in Wistar rats significantly increases bile flow. An
      analysis of the relationship between bile salt excretion and bile flow revealed
      that this choleresis is due to an increase in the bile salt independent fraction
      of bile.

PMID- 1204738
TI  - High permeability of insect blood-brain barrier to alcohols demonstrated by an
      electrophysiological technique.
AB  - Using the anaesthetic effects of the alcohols to measure their concentration
      within the cockroach central nervous system, it is shown that the lower
      homologues have access half-times of only a few seconds. Slower access of the
      higher homologues is interpreted in terms of a reservoir effect resulting from
      their higher liposolubility.

PMID- 1204739
TI  - Effect of dipyridamole on the glycogen metabolism in the normal and ischemic
      canine myocardium.

PMID- 1204740
TI  - Modification of the contractile responses of rabbit mammary strips to oxytocin by
      prostaglandin E1.
AB  - PGE1 administration to isolated strips from pregnant and lactating rabbit mammary
      gland resulted in different effects on oxytocin-induced contractions. In strips
      from pregnant animals, oxytocin action was enhanced; in those from lactating
      animals, it was reduced and threshold doses for oxytocin were markedly higher.

PMID- 1204741
TI  - Antagonistic effects of pemoline to colchicine and caffeine.
AB  - Pemoline, the constituent of Tradon, is able to slow down the decrease of the
      mitotic index caused by 0.1% caffeine in roots of Vicia faba, and mitotic
      aberrations are reduced. With 0.005% colchicine and 3 x 10(-4) g/ml pemoline, no
      metaphase-accumulation can be observed, and anaphase-disorder is delayed.

PMID- 1204742
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in the neural lobe of the rat pituitary induced by
      reserpine treatment.
AB  - The doses of reserpine, which are generally used to deplete amines from the
      nervous tissue caused marked ultrastructural changes in the neural lobes of
      reserpine treated rats. The findings suggested depletion of neurosecretory
      granules, increased lysosomal activity and changes in the pituicytes.

PMID- 1204743
TI  - Unusual mitochondria in human skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1204744
TI  - Mastocytosis in suckling mice.
AB  - In suckling mice injected intraperitoneally with mitomycin C on the 1st to 5th
      day after birth and sacrificed in the course of 24 or 48 h after injection,
      mastocytosis occurred in the oral mucosa membrane, skin of the trunk or
      extremities and bone marrow of extremities.

PMID- 1204745
TI  - Nuclear bodies in the hepatic parenchymal cells in acute viral hepatitis.

PMID- 1204746
TI  - Pentobarbital sodium and chromosome abnormalities in rabbit blastocysts.
AB  - Female rabbits were injected with pentobarbital sodium at 1/4 h or 6 h post
      coitum. A slight delay in oocyte maturation was evident in animals killed at 17 h
      pc, however, zygote development appeared normal by 24 h pc. At 6 days pc, a
      greater frequency of chromosomally abnormal blastocysts was found in animals
      injected with pentobarbital than in control rabbits.

PMID- 1204747
TI  - Effects of gamma-rays on the developing embryos of Calotes versicolor.
AB  - The gamma-ray irradiation causes mortality, retardation in development and growth
      rate, haemorrhage, axial defects and unilateral microphthalmia. Histological
      examination of microphthalmic embryos revealed a partial division of the left
      optic cup and a 'double lens'.

PMID- 1204748
TI  - Establishment of normal diploid and malignant heteroploid cell lines from non
      treated and benzo(a)pyrene treated hamster embryo cell cultures.
AB  - Two normal diploid control cell lines and a heteroploid malignant transformed
      cell line from B(a)P treated hamster embryo cell cultures were established. The
      14-month-old B(a)P transformed cell line grew 8-times faster than the 20-month
      old control cell line. The control cell line showed normal diploid chromosome
      complement in 93% cells and heteroploidy in 7% cells while B(a)P treated line
      showed 83% heteroploid cells and only 17% diploid cells. This is the first report
      on the establishment of diploid hamster cell cultures grown for extended period.

PMID- 1204749
TI  - Potency of thyroid hormone analogues in suppressing prolactin-mediated mammary
      growth in thyroidectomized rats.
AB  - An antagonism between prolactin and thyroxine, similar to that found in amphibian
      tissues at metamorphosis, has been recently shown to occur at the level of the
      rat mammary epithelium. This phenomenon may be implicated in the pathogenesis of
      human breast cancer. This experiment demonstrates that two analogues of thyroid
      hormone, triiodothyropropionic acid and triiodothyroacetic acid, which are
      relatively very weak in their calorigenic action, are as potent as thyroxine and
      triiodothyronine in inhibiting the prolactin-mediated mammary growth in
      thyroidectomized rats. The possible implication of this finding in the treatment
      of mammary cancer is discussed.

PMID- 1204750
TI  - Preliminary purification and dosages of the erythropoietic factor from ox-spleen.
AB  - The administration of ox-spleen homogenate, whether in rats made polycythemic by
      blood transfusion or in mice polycythemic by hypoxia, elicited a significant
      stimulatory effect on the rate of erythropoiesis. This activity remained
      unchanged even if the spleen, before being homogenized, was exhaustively washed
      with isotonic buffer pH 7.4 up to the total blood elimination.

PMID- 1204752
TI  - Change in levels of cholesterol and free fatty acids of lymphoid cells during
      tumor growth.
AB  - Growth of Ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma in mice resulted in increase of free
      cholesterol and free fatty acids in lymphoid cells from thymus, spleen and
      cervical lymph node, but decrease of these lipids in the cells from mesenteric
      lymph node.

PMID- 1204751
TI  - ADP-induced platelet aggregation in vivo after exclusion of different circulatory
      districts.
AB  - The effect of the ADP infusion on the basal platelet count was studied in
      controls and in rats submitted to the exclusion of the following circulatory
      districts: splenic, renal, cerebral and of a hind-limb. After these exclusions
      the ADP-induced thrombocytopenia was less marked than the controls.

PMID- 1204753
TI  - Ultrastructure of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. II. Interaction between human
      lymphocytes and antibody-coated chicken erythrocytes.

PMID- 1204754
TI  - Production of antibodies to amanitins as the basis for their radioimmunoassay.
AB  - The production of antibodies against amanitins is described. By means of these
      antibodies, a radioimmunoassay was developed which allows detection of as little
      as 0.5 ng of amanitins in 1 ml of serum. By this method, the clearance of alpha
      amanitin from the blood of poisoned mice was measured.

PMID- 1204755
TI  - Possible effect of caerulein on calcitonin secretion in man.
AB  - Caerulein, infused in normal subjects, significantly reduces serum Calcium
      levels; in addition, when infused 60 or 90 min after radioactive calcium, it
      increases the specific plasma radioactivity, in a manner similar to calcitonin.
      These results suggest that in man caerulein stimulates calcitonin release.

PMID- 1204756
TI  - Effect of castration on the rat pineal gland: a fluorescence histochemical and
      biochemical study.

PMID- 1204757
TI  - Suppression of pupal esterase activity in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) by
      an insect growth regulator.
AB  - Changes in non-specific esterases of Aedes aegypti were noted during pupal
      development. One esterase band was found to increase markedly within 3 h of
      pupation and this increase in activity was suppressed by prior treatment of
      larvae with an insect growth regulator, ZR 515. It is suggested that the esterase
      activity may help to reduce endogenous levels of juvenile hormone during
      metamorphosis and that the growth regulator may prevent this normal regulation.

PMID- 1204759
TI  - Radioisotopic studies of human chorionic gonadotrophin in the mouse ovary.
AB  - The tissue localization of 125I-HCG was studied in intact mice. 125I-HCG
      concentrated in the thecal and interstitial tissues of the ovary. Differential
      uptake occurred in the corpora lutea which was dependent on the age and
      vascularization of the luteal body.

PMID- 1204760
TI  - Changes in major liver constituents following hypophysectomy in goldfish
      (Carassius auratus).
AB  - The increase in the size of goldfish (Carassius auratus) liver following
      hypophysectomy is due to a net accumulation of glycogen and the addition of water
      to maintain a constant proportion with no change in the absolute amount of either
      protein or lipid.

PMID- 1204758
TI  - Alpha- and beta-ecdysone levels in insect haemolymph: correlation with
      developmental events.

PMID- 1204762
TI  - Synthesis of histidine2-angiotensin II analogues.
AB  - The synthesis of histidine2-angiotensin II analogues, namely H-Asp-alpha-(im
      Bzl)His-Val-Tyr-Ile-(im-Bzl)His-Pro-Phe-OH and H-Asp-beta-(im-Bzl)His-Val-Tyr-Ile
      (im-Bzl)His-Pro-Phe-OH, are described. Also a new route leading to the synthesis
      of alpha-benzyl-L-aspartate, using N-trityl-L-aspartate di-benzyl ester as the
      starting material, is reported.

PMID- 1204761
TI  - (18F) Fluoro-Dopa: a unique gamma emitting substrate for Dopa decarboxylase.

PMID- 1204763
TI  - Regional distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in adult rat brain.
AB  - The highest lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was found in thalamus,
      statistically significantly less in cerebral and cerebellar cortex and the lowest
      in pons. LDH1 and LDH4+5 represented 58% and 23% of the total activity in
      cerebral cortex, 54% and 20% in thalamus, 42% and 4% in cerebellar cortex and 55%
      and 7% in pons, respectively.

PMID- 1204764
TI  - Effect of piperazine on the level of phospholipids and on the activities of
      certain enzymes of phospholipid metabolism in human Ascaris lumbricoides.
AB  - The phospholipid level in the human parasitic nematode Ascaris lumbricoides is
      decreased by piperazine, by partially stimulating catabolic enzymes such as
      phospholipase C and partially inhibiting anabolic enzymes such as choline kinase.

PMID- 1204765
TI  - Studies on the effect of allicin (diallyl disulphide-oxide) on alloxan diabetes.
AB  - On oral administration to alloxan diabetic rabbits, allicin produces an increase
      in its hypoglycemic action with relation to dose. A short-term treatment  with
      allicin, as well as with tolbutamide, significantly reduced the blood sugar
      levels and glucose nitrogen ratio of the above animals.

PMID- 1204766
TI  - Effects of tryptophan and other amino acids on glucose uptake and carbon dioxide
      output by the insulin-stimulated adipose tissue.
AB  - Tryptophan (4-10 mM) reduces the stimulating effect of insulin on glucose uptake,
      CO2 output and lactate production by adipose tissue. Similar but lesser effects
      were also obtained with high concentrations of other amino acids.

PMID- 1204767
TI  - Conversion of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid into homogentisic acid: possible
      participation of p-quinol intermediates.
AB  - A proposed intermediate in the metabolic transformation of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic
      acid into homogentisic acid has been synthetized. In an experiment with
      radioactive material in pig liver homogenate it could be shown that this compound
      does not occur as a free intermediate.

PMID- 1204769
TI  - Chromosome complement and male haploidy of Asplanchna priodonta Gosse 1850
      (Rotatoria).

PMID- 1204768
TI  - Cannabidiol and its pharmacokinetic interaction with delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol.
AB  - Co-administration of cannabidiol with delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol was found to
      have no effect on the rate of disappearance of delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol from
      the blood of rats. The implications of this finding are discussed.

PMID- 1204770
TI  - Giemsa banding and heterochromatin distribution in Ornithogalum.
AB  - In Ornithogalum virens, following Giemsa staining, the mitotic chromosomes
      revealed distinct C-banding pattern. Interphase nucleus also showed 12
      chromocentres corresponding to the number of C-bands. Based on the measurements
      of C-bands, about 13.5% of the genome is heterochromatic.

PMID- 1204772
TI  - Oocyte maturation in vitro: contribution of the oviduct to total maturation in
      Xenopus laevis.
AB  - Contact of progesterone matured oocytes of Xenopus laevis with the oviduct
      reduces the time necessary to attain cleavage capacity from 24 h to 3 h. Full
      maturity has been demonstrated by normal development of the matured eggs after
      fertilization.

PMID- 1204773
TI  - Relationship between size of muscle fibres and body dimensions in a number of
      teleosts.
AB  - In a survey of 17 species of teleosts, a direct relationship was found between
      the diameter of muscle fibres and estimated volume of the fish. The results also
      suggested an inverse relationship between muscle fibre diameter and
      'streamlinedness' of the fish (as measured by length:height ratio).

PMID- 1204771
TI  - Unchanged r-RNA-gene dose in mice liver cells of different developmental stages.
AB  - The content of ribosomal DNA in mice liver at the beginning as well as near the
      end of the hematopoietic period was measured by RNA/DAN-hybridization in
      solution. At both stages the amount of ribosomal DNA was the same and comparable
      to that of postnatal liver.

PMID- 1204774
TI  - Sporeless mutants of Bacillus thuringiensis. II. mutants derived from var.
      thuringiensis and var. sotto.
AB  - Three sporeless mutants of Bacillus thuringiensis, 2 derived from var.
      thuringiensis and 1 from var. sotto were selected after mutagenic treatment. They
      were completely lacking in ability to form spores, yet maintained intact
      insecticidal activity.

PMID- 1204775
TI  - Action of Bacillus thuringiensis preparation against larch bud moth, Zeiraphera
      diniana (Gn.), enhanced by beta-exotoxin and DDT.
AB  - Addition of either DDT or the supernatant of a centrifuged liquid culture of
      Bacillus thuringiensis, serotype H1, containing beta-exotoxin, enhanced the
      action of the bacterial preparation Thuricide 90 T against larvae of the larch
      pest Zeiraphera diniana, increasing mortality from 53% to more than 80%. Since
      DDT alone produced 57% mortality, its combined action corresponds to independent
      action. The preparation of beta-exotoxin, on the other hand, had only little
      effect alone but synergized the action of the bacterial preparation considerably.

PMID- 1204776
TI  - Development of the electric discharge in mormyrid and gymnotid fish (Marcusenius
      sp. and Eigenmannia virescens).
AB  - Larvae of both species start discharging at 8 days. Eigenmannia immediately
      produces pulses similar to those of the adult. Marcusenius however, possesses a
      characteristic larval discharge 20 times longer and of opposite polarity to the
      adult discharge which appears on Day 40.

PMID- 1204777
TI  - Post-tetanic changes of bilateral dorsal root potentials evoked by stimulation of
      the cutaneous afferents.
AB  - In spinal cats following tetanic stimulation of the cutaneous nerve bilateral
      dorsal root potentials in the lumbar spinal cord are depressed. Because of
      differences between ipsi- and contralateral potentials, this depression can
      usually be evoked only on one side of the cord.

PMID- 1204778
TI  - Development of longitudinal retraction of carotid arteries in neonatal dogs.
AB  - Longitudinal retraction of carotid arteries, was examined in 105 neonatal puppies
      as a measure of longitudinal traction. Percent vessel retraction increased
      linearly with age. This was attributed to stretching of the vessels by growth and
      to changes in connective tissue composition. The mechanical significance of
      artery retraction was discussed.

PMID- 1204779
TI  - Seasonal changes in the circadian variation of oral temperature during
      wakefulness.
AB  - The circadian change of oral temperature in 26 subjects was compiled for
      December, March and June. Average peak time delays up to 70 min, and a reduced
      daytime temperature rise were found in June compared with December.

PMID- 1204780
TI  - Acute effect of hypophysectomy on the natriuresis following saline infusion in
      dogs.
AB  - The natriuresis following an i.v. isotonic saline loading corresponding to 10% of
      body wt. was markedly decreased after acute hypophysectomy, due to lowered
      urinary sodium concentration, in anaesthetized dogs. A role of the pituitary in
      such a homeostatic natriuresis is suggested.

PMID- 1204781
TI  - Hemodynamic and ventilatory effects of skin-cooling in cattle.
AB  - Cooling the skin of cattle at an ambient temperature of 25 degrees C decreased
      cardiac output and increased systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances. Minute
      ventilation was reduced by about 50%. There was no change in alveolar ventilation
      as measured by arterial blood gases. These results indicate that thermoregulatory
      ventilation has significant cardiopulmonary effects in cattle at normal
      laboratory temperatures.

PMID- 1204782
TI  - Seasonal variations of cardiac output in rats.
AB  - Cardiac output of rats shows seasonal variations with low values in spring and
      summer and high ones in autumn and winter. The stroke volume was much more
      implicated in these changes than the heart rate. The seasonal changes of cardiac
      output are probably due to changes of thyroid function.

PMID- 1204783
TI  - Effect of furosemide on the permeability to Cl of the isolated skin of
      Leptodactylus ocellatus.
AB  - Furosemide added to the Ringer solution bathing the external side of the isolated
      skin of Leptodactylus ocellatus increased the PD and SCC and inhibited both
      active chloride influx and passive chloride efflux. The action on chloride
      permeability is thought to contribute to the diuretic effect of the drug.

PMID- 1204784
TI  - Increased sensitivity to pentobarbital in rats fed a diet lacking flavonoids.
AB  - Pentobarbital-sensitivity is highly increased in rats fed a diet lacking
      flavonoids; sleeping time was found to be increased by 42 and 30% as compared
      with rats fed a normal diet. These studies confirm our previous statement
      according to which for the rat, benzopyrones are vitamins.

PMID- 1204785
TI  - Embryonic death in mouse due to lead exposure.
AB  - Female mice which displayed a vaginal plug after mating were given a diet
      containing 0, 0.125, 0.250, 0.500% of lead as lead acetate and were dissected 16
      to 18 days later. Lead treatment was found to reduce significantly the incidence
      of pregnancies and to increase the postimplantation loss in the pregnant females.

PMID- 1204786
TI  - Effect of ethanol intake on phenytoin metabolism in volunteers.
AB  - Ingestion of ethanol, 1 g/kg, did not influence the phenytoin half-life in 5
      volunteers after single i.v. administration of 3 mg/kg phenytoin. The control
      phenytoin half-life was 12.4 h (SD +/- 4.4); with ethanol ingestion it was 12.3 h
      (SD +/- 5.2).

PMID- 1204787
TI  - Pathological changes in the liver of mice given 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p
      dioxin.
AB  - In C57BL/6 mice a single oral dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (LD50 126
      mug/kg) results in loss of body weight and death with an enlarged fatty liver
      after ca. 21 days. A progressive necrotic centrilobular liver lesion is also
      seen.

PMID- 1204788
TI  - Quaternary isoarecoline: a potent muscarine-like and nicotine-like acting
      agonist.

PMID- 1204789
TI  - [Methylating reactions on microsomal phospholipids in rat liver intoxicated with
      carbon tetrachloride (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204790
TI  - Role of bile in intestinal absorption of 203Pb in rats.
AB  - The author studied absorption of 203Pb after administering intraduodenally 203Pb
      eliminated with bile. The results obtained were compared with absorption of 203Pb
      administered into the duodenum as 203PbCl2 in rats forming 2 groups, one with
      bile ducts cannulated, the other intact. It was found that bile played an
      important role in absorption of Pb from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption of
      Pb203 is significantly reduced if the bile is drained off by means of a canula.

PMID- 1204791
TI  - Effects of temperature on the responses to noradrenaline, isoprenaline and
      histamine on isolated rabbit mesenteric artery.
AB  - On the rabbit mesenteric artery, the elevation of temperature from 25 degrees up
      to 42 degrees diminished the affinity of histamine, whereas that of noradrenaline
      to the alpha-adrenoceptors remained unchanged. The presence of beta-adrenoceptors
      could not be demonstrated.

PMID- 1204792
TI  - The influence of pigmentation of rats and guinea-pigs on the ototoxicity of
      kanamycin and neomycin.
AB  - Following the finding that melanin pigment played a role in the accumulation of
      ototoxic drugs in the inner ear, an investigation was made of the possible
      influence of the pigmentation of animals on their susceptibility to the ototoxic
      effects of drugs. Hearing acuity was assessed by measurement of acoustic startle
      reaction. Preliminary experiments suggested that pigmented animals might be more
      likely to suffer hearing impairment following ototoxic drug administration.
      However, in a controlled study using rats treated with kanamycin, it was not
      possible to confirm this and albino animals appeared no less vulnerable than
      pigmented animals to kanamycin-induced deafness.

PMID- 1204793
TI  - Conformations and biological properties of apomorphine and its phenanthro(10,1
      b,c)azepine homologue.
AB  - 11,12-Dihydroxy-7-methyl-4,5,6,7,7a,8-hexahydrophenanthro[10,1-b,c]-azepine (2),
      a homologue of apomorphine (1), has been found to be devoid of dopaminergic
      effects. The biological differences between apomorphine and this homologue are
      explained in terms of differences in conformation of the two molecules.

PMID- 1204794
TI  - The process of survival of denervated and freely autotransplantated skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - The study shows that two distinct processes occur in free autografts of
      denervated intact muscle during the early critical phase of the transplantation:
      survival of transplanted fibres at the periphery of the graft, and regeneration
      of new muscle fibres following breakdown of the originally transplanted fibres in
      the central areas.

PMID- 1204795
TI  - Respiratory control in liver mitochondria of rats hosting the walker 256
      carcinoma tumor.
AB  - The decrease in the respiratory control ratio of mitochondria is a first order
      process when these organelles are incubated in isotonic sucrose. Furthermore, the
      initial respiratory control ratios and the rates of loss in respiratory control
      in liver mitochondria from rats hosting the Walker 256 carcinoma are not
      significantly different form the same properties of mitochondria from untreated
      animals.

PMID- 1204796
TI  - Ferritin synthesis by splenic tumor tissue of Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Increased ferritin synthesis by Hodgkin's disease splenic tumor tissue was
      demonstrated by incorporation of 14C-leucine and radioautography. This suggests
      that elevated tumor and serum ferritin concentrations found in patients with
      Hodgkin's disease is derived from tumor tissue per se.

PMID- 1204797
TI  - Tubuloreticular structures in hepatic endothelial cells in a case of malignant
      melanoma liver metastasis.
AB  - The presence of tubuloreticular structures within hepatic endothelial cells in a
      case of malignant melanoma liver metastasis is described. This finding may
      reflect a host cell response to the neoplastic proliferation in the liver tissue,
      possible a host-tumor immunological reaction.

PMID- 1204798
TI  - [Evidence for direct projections from the hypothalamus to the lateral geniculate
      and occipital cortex of the cat as demonstrated by horseradish peroxidase
      technique (author's transl)].

PMID- 1204799
TI  - Quantitative morphological investigations on smooth muscle cells in vascular
      surgical specimens and their clinical importance.
AB  - A distinct distribution of activated SMC could be demonstrated in atherosclerotic
      plaques and the neighbouring media of human beings. An increased proliferation
      was found in the younger age group and generally in the marginal regions of the
      plaques. The occurrence of activated SMC is thought to be a sequel of metabolic
      hypoxic damages. A high frequency of activated SMC is a bad prognostic sign in
      surgical specimens indicating a tendency for proliferation and occlusion.

PMID- 1204801
TI  - Ring chromosomes and leukaemia.
AB  - The observation of 2 leukaemic patients with ring chromosomes, and their
      comparison with a few previously reported cases, suggests a close association
      between this rare chromosomal abnormality and erythroleukaemia and indicate a
      poor prognostic significance of this finding.

PMID- 1204800
TI  - Further evidence of a positive correlation between exposure to nitrate
      fertilizers (NaNO3 and KNO3) and gastric cancer death rates: nitrites and
      nitrosamines.
AB  - Mean age-adjusted death rates for gastric cancer in Chile for 1960, 1962 and 1964
      were associated with exposure to sodium nitrate and nitrates (NaNO3 and KNO3)
      used as fertilizers, by province. The general population exposure to NaNO3 and
      nitrates exhibited correlation coefficients of 0.745 and 0.718 with the death
      rates, respectively.

PMID- 1204802
TI  - The effect of luteineizing hormone on chicken testis and pineal gland uptake of
      32P.
AB  - The glandular uptake of radioactive phosphorus (32P), administered carrier-free,
      was used as an endpoint for the study of the effects of luteinizing hormone (LH)
      on the testis and pineal gland of 3-, 10- and 13-day-old White Leghorn cockerels.
      Pineal uptake of 32P of the 13-day-old birds decreased and testis uptake of 32P
      increased following LH treatment. Maximum effects were observed when 20 mug LH
      was administered 4.0 h before autopsy. Although testis uptake of 32P increased
      following LH treatment in 3- and 10-day-old cockerels, pineal uptake of 32P
      remained unchanged.

PMID- 1204803
TI  - Corticosteroid-like effect of cyproterone and cyproterone acetate in mice.
AB  - Cyproterone and cyproterone acetate exert the corticoid-like effect on the
      adrenal and spleen weight in the mice. When compared with prednisone, cyproterone
      acetate has approximately 1/5 of the corticoid potency of prednisone, expressed
      by the decrease of the spleen weight.

PMID- 1204804
TI  - Effect of cortexolone on the feedback action of dexamethasone.
AB  - Cortexolone in a dose of 1 mg/100 g body wt., administered to rats prior to
      dexamethasone, prevented dexamethasone from suppressing stress-induced ACTH
      release without interfering with the effect of dexamethasone on the resting
      plasma corticosterone level.

PMID- 1204805
TI  - Effect of progesterone on human corticosteroid 21-hydroxylation.
AB  - Progesterone inhibits the 21-hydroxylation of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone by
      human adrenal cortex microsomes. The possible light this finding may shed on the
      genetic condition, the 'adrenogenital syndrome' is discussed. Km and Vmax data
      for the above hydroxylation reaction are given.

PMID- 1204806
TI  - Effect of cyproheptadine hydrochloride on spermatogenesis.
AB  - Administration of cyproheptadine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg/day) to old rats for 48
      days stimulated spermatogenesis. It also initiated spermatogenesis in the
      abdominal testis of unilaterally cryptorchid rats after a 15-day treatment.

PMID- 1204807
TI  - Changes of electro-shock seizure threshold in alloxan diabetic rats.
AB  - During a 4-week period, the electroshock seizure threshold (EST) of R Amsterdam
      rats was determined. When alloxan induced diabetes, the EST values significantly
      decreased, while in the alloxan-treated non-diabetic group they remained
      unchanged. The results suggest that diabetes induces increased excitability in
      the central nervous system.

PMID- 1204808
TI  - A method for distinction between RNA and DNA in aldehyde and osmiumtetroxide
      fixed electron microscopic autoradiographs.
AB  - A simple method for distinction between RNA- and DNA-containing structures in
      aldehyde- and osmiumtextroxide-fixed electron microscopic autoradiographs (or
      ordinary thin sections) is described: the developer and the acetic acid used for
      processing autoradiographs extract selectively uranium acetate from DNA
      containing-structures which, after staining with lead citrate, leads to a
      characteristically 'bleached' appearance of the DNA.

PMID- 1204809
TI  - Evaluation of a conductometric method to determine the volume fraction of the
      suspensions of biomembrane-bounded particles.
AB  - Supported by the fact of correspondence between the results of several
      independent techniques compared, we recommend here a conductometric method as a
      simple, nondestructive and reliable tool for determining the volume fraction of
      the suspensions of membrane-limited particles of biological relevance. It
      requires only conductivity measurements on a suspension and its medium.

PMID- 1204810
TI  - Evaluation of certain food additives. Some food colours, thickening agents, smoke
      condensates, and certain other substances.

PMID- 1204811
TI  - [Topical anti-inflammatory drugs. Study on the formulation of corticosteroids].

PMID- 1204812
TI  - [Use of linear models for calculation of statistics designed to evaluate the
      accuracy of analytical methods for pharmaceutical preparations].

PMID- 1204813
TI  - [Influence of albumin on the activity of adrenaline and propranolol].

PMID- 1204814
TI  - Purification of flucloxacillin through pseudopolymorphic crystalline forms.

PMID- 1204815
TI  - [1st results with the use of Ceruletide for visualization of the main
      biliaryducts during cholecystography].

PMID- 1204816
TI  - Effect of Ceruletide on post-operative intestinal peristalsis.

PMID- 1204817
TI  - [Glass containers and their chemical inertness in contact with drugs].

PMID- 1204818
TI  - [Intra-operative use of Ceruletide in the surgery of biliary ducts].

PMID- 1204819
TI  - [Evaluation of the in vitro antibacterial activity of neomycin, bacitracin and
      their association].

PMID- 1204820
TI  - [Tests on the disintegration of coated enterosoluble tablets. Influence of the
      composition of testing fluids on disintegration time in an artificial intestinal
      milieu of tablets coated with cellulose acetate phthalate].

PMID- 1204821
TI  - [Control of antiseptics using a microbiological method].

PMID- 1204822
TI  - [Gas chromatographic determination of Feprazone in medicinal preparations].

PMID- 1204823
TI  - Nicergoline effect on insulin secretion in man.

PMID- 1204824
TI  - [Binding activity of some adjuvants and their influence on physical properties of
      granules and tablets].

PMID- 1204825
TI  - On the direct compression of sulfamethoxydiazine (SMD) polymorphic forms - I.

PMID- 1204826
TI  - [Characterization of pipemidic acid].

PMID- 1204827
TI  - [Chemical and pharmacological research on derivatives of 1H-naphtho/2,1-b/pyran.
      V. Behavior of some 1-oxo-3-dialkylamino-1H-naphtho/2,1-b/pyrans substituted in
      the Mannich reaction].
AB  - 1-Oxo-3-dialkylamino-1H-naphtho [2,1-b] pyrans substituted in positions 5, 8 or 9
      with halogen, alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxyl, methoxyl, by the Mannich reaction
      will yield the corresponding 2-dialkylamino-methyl derivatives when a correct
      amount of acetic acid is present in the reaction mixture. Excess acid will give
      rise to the formation of substituted 1-oxo-2-[(1'-oxy-3'-oxo-3'H-naphtho [2',1'
      b']pyran-2'-yl)methyl]-3-dialkylamino-1H-naphtho [2,1-b] pyrans when the group in
      the 3 position is dimethylamino or N-pyrrolidyl. In a few cases Mannich bases
      were accompanied by an appreciable quantity of substituted 2,2'-methylenebis (1
      oxo-3-dialkylamino-1H-naphtho-E12,1-B] PYRANS). Therefore, these compounds were
      synthesized with excellent yields by treating Mannich bases with acetic
      anhydride. The behavior of some compounds in the acidic hydrolysis was also
      considered. Some Mannich bases of 1-oxo-3-dialkylamino-9 methoxy-1H-naphtho-[2,1
      b] pyrans showed a more specific anticonvulsant activity than the parent
      compounds.

PMID- 1204828
TI  - [Reaction of 1,8-naphthyridine azides with ethyl acrylate].
AB  - The reaction of 1,8-naphthyridine azides with ethyl acrylate leads to the
      formation of 2-pyrazolines instead of 1,2,3-triazolines. Some of the compounds
      obtained have undergone pharmacological and microbiological (antibacterial)
      testing.

PMID- 1204829
TI  - Tetracycline derivatives. Note III - 7- and 9-methyltetracyclines: synthesis and
      biological activity.
AB  - The synthesis of some 7- and 9-methyltetracyclines is reported together with the
      biological activity of the new compounds.

PMID- 1204830
TI  - [Thiourea derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazole and their cyclization products].
AB  - The synthesis and chemical behaviour of 1-methoxycarbonyl-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2
      yl)thyoureas and 7-alkyl-2-methyltio-1,3,4-thiadiazolo [3,2-a]-s-triazine-4-ones
      is described. All compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial
      activity.

PMID- 1204831
TI  - The anti-mycoplasmal activity of aminosidine.
AB  - Some in vivo experiments of therapeutic activity in severe experimental infection
      (intracranial) in the mouse due to different strains of Mycoplasma proved the
      high efficacy of the antibiotic aminosidine when administered subcutaneously at
      the dose of 30 mg/kg and have also demonstrated that oral treatment is moderately
      effective against Mycoplasma hominis 2. Sensitivity test carried out in vitro on
      the same Mycoplasma strains confirmed the bactericidal activity of aminosidine.
      These experiments have therefore shown that the therapeutic spectrum of
      aminosidine, which includes Gram-positive, Gram-negative, acid-fast bacteria and
      some protozoa, may be enlarged to include the genus Mycoplasma. For this reason
      the antibiotic can find a useful application in the treatment of primary atypical
      neumonia. In addition, from a clinical research point of view, aminosidine may
      constitute a promising tool for the treatment of different illnesses in which
      Mycoplasma have been described as important co-factors of pathogenicity in man.

PMID- 1204832
TI  - [Experimental research on the hyperprothrombinemic activity of an isocoumarin
      derivative: antagonism against anticoagulant dicoumarol (Warfarin)].
AB  - In previous research and tests it was found that some isocoumarin derivatives
      showed marked hyperprothrombinemic activity in rats. This action has now been
      demonstrated also in rabbits by using one of the most active compounds
      (allylamide of 4-phenyl-3-isocoumarinic acid). In both species it was found that
      the drug under test strong by antagonises the anticoagulant action of a
      dicoumarol compound (Warfarin). This result leads to the supposition that the
      isocoumarin derivatives tested act in a similar way to Vitamin K.

PMID- 1204833
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of the activity of phospholipids in experimental liver
      damage induced by isoniazide].
AB  - The authors studied the activity of egg-derived phospholipids on the hepatotoxic
      effect induced in rats by isoniazid (INH) given orally for 20 consecutive days in
      doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day. In the animals treated with the highest dose
      of INH, a great number of liver cells showed structural and ultrastructural
      changes. Their hyaloplasm was more electron-dense, the cytoplasmic structure was
      condensed and collapsed, without apparent endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. A
      very different structural and ultrastructural picture was observed in the animals
      treated with INH + phospholipids. The structure was quite normal without
      degenerating cells. There was a greater richness of endoplasmic reticulum,
      ribosomes and glycogen particles.

PMID- 1204834
TI  - Anticestode quinolinehydrazones.
AB  - One hundred and seven 4-quinolinehydrazones were synthesized and tested in vivo
      against the tapeworm Hymenolepis nana. Twenty-five derivatives showed significant
      cestocidal activity; structure-activity correlations were performed using Free
      Wilson methodology. Two compounds, 2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3
      pyridinylmethylene)hydrazino]quinoline and 2,6-dimethyl-4-[2p][(6
      methyl)pyridinylmethylene]hydrazino)quinoline, predicted to be maximally active,
      effected 100% reduction of H. nana in mice at 200 mg/kg, p.o.

PMID- 1204835
TI  - [Research on substances with antiviral activities. IV. Position of the lateral
      chain and activity of hydrazonic derivatives of benzindanones and
      naphthofuranones].
AB  - Hydrazonic derivatives of some nephtofuranones and benzindanones have been
      synthetized with a view to finding out what connection there might be between the
      antiviral activity and the side chain position on the pentatomic ring.

PMID- 1204836
TI  - Cardiovascular pharmacology of bombesin, a new polypeptide from amphibian skin.
AB  - Bombesin is a tetradecapeptide extracted from the side of discoglossid frogs
      Bombina bombina and Bombina variegata variegata. In anaesthetized dogs bombesin
      causes mainly systemic hypertension, bradycardia and constriction of the renal,
      mesenteric and coeliac arterial vessels. The other vascular beds studied
      (carotid, femoral and coronaric) passively follow the blood pressure.
      Tachyphylaxis may occur. Dibenzyline and hexamethonium do not antagonize the
      hypertensive property of bombesin, while the occlusion either of the renal
      vessels or of the mesenteric, coeliac arteries and portal vein reduces the
      intensity and the duration of the hypertensive response. The simultaneous
      occlusion of all the above mentioned vessels further reduces the duration of the
      hypertensive response evoked by bombesin and reverses its effect on the heart
      from mainly bradycardic to pure tachycardic. In these condition bombesin causes
      carotid and peripheral vasoconstriction. The increase of heart rate and of blood
      pressure, while occurs after ligation of aplanchnic vessels, is completely or
      partly antagonized by propranolol. In normal conscious dogs bombesin is at least
      10 times more potent and less tachyphylactic than in anesthetized dogs.

PMID- 1204837
TI  - [New isoxazol /5,4-b/ pyridine-3-acetic acids].
AB  - We prepared two isoxazol [5,4-b] piridin-3-acetic acids by two different
      synthetic methods. 4,6-Dimethylisoxazole [5,4-b] pyridin-3-acetic acid was
      obtained by reaction with hydroxylamine of 4-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2H-pyrano [2,3
      b]pyridin-2-one, which was in turn prepared starting from 2-hydroxy-3-acetyl-4,6
      dimethylpyridine. Isoxazolo [5,4-b] pyridine-3-acetic acid was obtained starting
      from 3-methyl-5-aminoisoxazole and has shown interesting auxin activity.

PMID- 1204838
TI  - [Chain food-procuring conditioned reflexes in chickens of different ages].

PMID- 1204839
TI  - [Simultaneous differentiation of color stimuli in chickens].

PMID- 1204840
TI  - [Effect of lithium on motor habit and on the conditioned reaction to the relative
      character of figure size in dogs].

PMID- 1204841
TI  - [Correlation between conditioned motor and vascular reactions to verbal stimuli
      in the mentally ill].

PMID- 1204842
TI  - [Effect of the hypothalamus on the functional state of the cerebral cortex and on
      the formation of temporary connections in dogs].

PMID- 1204843
TI  - [Change in the muscle tonus in a lesion of the pyramidal tract (based on
      electromyographic data)].

PMID- 1204844
TI  - [Shifts in bioelectrical activity, vascular-autonomic tone and biogenic amine
      metabolism in circular depression].

PMID- 1204845
TI  - [Effect of the combined single and multiple action of hypoxia, hypercapnia and
      cooling on the morphofunctional changes in the anterior lobe of the hypophysis in
      white rats].

PMID- 1204846
TI  - [Structural and functional changes in the kidneys in hypoxic hypoxia].

PMID- 1204847
TI  - [Effect of etimizol on the adaptive potentialities of the body of newborn rabbits
      that have experienced chronic intrauterine hypoxia].

PMID- 1204848
TI  - [Evaluation of the efficiency of external respiratory function in extensive
      lesions of the lung tissue and in hypoxia in man].

PMID- 1204849
TI  - [Effect of training loads of differing direction on the efficiency of the
      external respiration in top-class bicyclists].

PMID- 1204851
TI  - [Transmembranal distribution of electrolytes in different parts of the brain
      under the influence of adrenaline].

PMID- 1204852
TI  - [Effect of different ultraviolet irradiation regimens on the metabolism and
      interorganic distribution of certain trace element metals (Cu, Mn, Ni, Mo)].

PMID- 1204850
TI  - [Methodological aspects in assessing group arterial pressure norms].

PMID- 1204853
TI  - [Dynamics of the bioelectrical activity of the brain in poultry under the
      influence of microwaves and ultraviolet rays].

PMID- 1204854
TI  - [Combined changes in some rheoencephalographic and oxyhemographic indices under
      the influence of mental work in computer center operators].

PMID- 1204855
TI  - [Method of assessing the degree of hyperoxia in experiments].

PMID- 1204856
TI  - [Participation of the cardiac sympathetic innervation in the occurrence of
      vagotomic and atropine tachycardia in anesthetized dogs].
AB  - The sympathetic nervous system's role in the post-vagotomy and atropin-induced
      tachycardia was studied in anesthetized dogs. Bilateral vagotomy was followed by
      166% tachycardia while on exclusion of the heart sympathetic innervation (inderal
      or novocain injections into the right stellate ganglion) the bilateral vagotomy
      was accompanied by a considerably lesser tachycardia (33%). The i.v. atropine
      administration increased the heart rate by 177% whereas in the presence of
      inderal it increased the heart rate by 77% only. Thereupon, the post-vagotomy or
      atropin-induced tachycardia in anesthetized dogs was to a considerable extent
      associated with activation of the sympatho-adrenal system.

PMID- 1204857
TI  - [Electrical and contractile activity of the myocardium during a change in
      temperature].
AB  - In rhythmically stimulated (0.05/sec) isolated strips of the ventricle myocardium
      of the fresh water fish, drop of the temperature (from 20 degrees C to 10 degrees
      C) increased the AP duration but decreased the extent of contractions; raise of
      the temperature (from 10 degrees C to 20 degrees C) increased the extent of
      contractions but decreased the AP duration. The discrepancy between the electric
      and the contractile activities points out the importance of processes of the
      transmembrane and intracellular redistribution of ions occurring at rest, for
      refilling of intracellular Ca deposit released during excitation.

PMID- 1204858
TI  - [Activation mechanisms for contractions of the smooth musculature of the cerebral
      vessels].
AB  - Pial arteries and veins were found to differ by their contractile features. Pial
      arteries are highly sensitive to noradrenaline, adrenaline, histamine, serotonin,
      rapid stretching, and potassium ions. The effects of the mediators, potassium
      ions, and rapid stretching could be blocked by manganese ions. Pial veins are
      insensitive to the mediators effects, potassium ions, or rapid stretching,
      although they are highly sensitive to transmural electric stimulation. Manganese
      ions have no effect on the veins' responses to electric stimulation. A
      spontaneous activity of the smooth muscle cells of the a. carotis' intracranial
      portion was revealed in man. The activation mechanisms for the cerebral arteries
      smooth muscle contractions are suggested to depend on the calcium extracellular
      ions. The activation mechanism for the veins' smooth muscle contractions depends
      on the intracellular store of calcium ions.

PMID- 1204860
TI  - [Functioning of the microvascular mechanisms in the pial artery system].
AB  - In rabbits, the functional behavior of the pial arterial offshoots (PAO), the
      pial arterial anastomoses (PAA), and the precortical arteries (PCA), was studied.
      In functional and postischemic hyperemia, as well as on changes of cerebral blood
      flow (caused by changes of the systemic arterial pressure), dilatatory and
      constrictory responses of the active portions of the microvessels suggest that
      the PAO and PAA participate mainly in the regulation of blood supply to the
      cerebral cortex adequate to its metabolic demands, while the PCA get involved
      during superfluous inflow of blood to the cerebral cortex.

PMID- 1204859
TI  - [Amine receptors in brain vessels].
AB  - Isolated middle cerebral arteries from cats and pial arteries from humans
      (obtained during lobe resection) were studied in a sensitive in vitro system
      allowing a detailed pharmacological characterization of various amine receptors
      and related dissociation constants. It was found that the adrenergic receptors
      comprise contractile (alpha) and dilatory (beta) receptors. Acetylcholine induced
      dilation (at low doses) as well as constriction (at high doses) both responses
      being inhibited in a comparative way by atropine. Experiments with selective
      inhibitors showed the presence of specific histamine H2 (dilatory) receptors; at
      high doses histamine contracted the vessels in a non-specific way. 5
      Hydroxytryptamine was the most efficient vasoconstrictor agent, and the response
      could be blocked by the serotonin-antagonist, methysergide.

PMID- 1204861
TI  - [Assessment of the regulatory resources of the pial and intracerebral arteries by
      using mathematical modeling].
AB  - A mathematical model for estimation of regulatory abilities of pial and
      intracerebral arteries was used for studying the pressure - radius relationships
      for arteries of various calibres in passive and active states. In passive state
      the arteries were found to be characterized by high elasticity and low tensile
      force. The radius of the artery depends mainly on the smooth muscle contractile
      force. The data obtained suggest that the wall structure of small pial and
      intracerebral arteries well correspond to their function: the control of the
      adequate and rapid cerebral blood flow.

PMID- 1204862
TI  - [Effect of the hypothalamus and reticular formation on the cerebral cortex in
      hypoxic brain states].
AB  - In anesthetized cats and unanesthetized rabbits, the reticular formation and the
      posterior hypothalamus were shown to be able to reduce the resistance of cortical
      vessels thus increasing the blood supply of the brain cortex. This effect
      decreased after stimulation of the cortex and in conditions of hypoxia,
      hypercapnia, section of the vagus, chronic circulatory deficit in the myocardium
      and the brain.

PMID- 1204863
TI  - [Changes in the resistance and capacity of the cerebral vascular bed under the
      influence of vasoactive substances].
AB  - Effects of intracarotid injections of vasoactive agents on cerebrovascular
      resistance (CVR) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were studied in hemodynamically
      isolated brain of cats. Perfusion pressure shifts at a constant blood volume
      perfusion reflected CVR changes, and changes of venous outflow - CBV alterations.
      Administration of adrenaline, serotonin, and angiotensine was followed mainly by
      an increase of CVR  and a decrease of CBV. The CBR could be reduced by
      isopropilnoradrenaline, acetylcholine, histamine, and caffeine. CBV was decreased
      after isopropilnoradrenaline, acetycholine, histamine injections and increased by
      caffeine. The possible role of the active changes of cerebral capacitance vessels
      in the transcapillary fluid exchange is discussed. Capacitance vessels active
      responses are supposed to entail wrong results when using certain techniques for
      measurement of cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

PMID- 1204864
TI  - [Analysis of the phenomenon of lowered cerebral blood flow in cats under
      prolonged intracarotid microinfusion of vasodilator substances].
AB  - In 27 anesthetized cats, continual intracarotid microinfusion of 0.04% solution
      of noshpa first increased CBF by 12-76% and then CBF gradually decreased to the
      normal level and even 14% below it. There was no strict correlation between the
      degree of lowering CBF and the level of blood pressure, pH, pCO2, blood
      viscosity, or level of vasopressor substances. No signs of brain tissue oedema
      was found.

PMID- 1204865
TI  - [Cerebral blood flow and brain metabolism in recovery following temporary
      circulatory arrest].

PMID- 1204866
TI  - [Effect of generalized edema on blood flow distribution in the brain].
AB  - The correlation between increase in brain tissue pressure and cerebral blood flow
      distribution was studied in generalized brain edema induced by water intoxication
      in cats. Brain tissue pressure increased as the brain edema progressed. The
      intracranial vascular component was suggested to play a certain role in the
      volume buffering capacity at increased intracranial pressure. Transtentorial
      redirection of carotid blood flow observed in the early stages of water
      intoxication, is related to tissue pressure gradients. The meaning of tissue
      pressure gradients for blood flow distribution is discussed.

PMID- 1204868
TI  - [Effect of potassium ions on the reactions of resistive and capacitive vessels in
      the skeletal muscles and intestines].
AB  - L. a. administration of 4.2% KCl was followed by contractile responses of the
      resistance intestinal vessels, whereas contractile-dilatatory responses were
      observed in the skeletal muscles. The intestinal capacitance vessels responded
      with insignificant increase of the venous outflow, while the contractile
      dilatatory responses of the resistance vessel were not followed by any increase
      of the venous outflow in skeletal muscles. After papaverin administration,
      contractile responses of the resistance intestinal vessels were insignificant,
      while the contractile-dilatatory responses of the skeletal muscles resistance
      vessels became contractile only. After noradrenaline injections only contractile
      responses were observed in the resistance intestinal vessels.

PMID- 1204867
TI  - [Long- and short-term changes in engorgement in the cerebral vessels under
      rhythmic photic stimulation].
AB  - In 50 patients with cerebrovascular pathology, the EEG and REG were
      simultaneously recorded during an increase in the cerebral blood volume in
      response to rhythmic photostimulation. General, local, and short-term reactions
      of increased cerebral blood volume could be distinguished. The relationship
      between the EEG changes and cerebral blood volume was most obvious during the
      short-term reactions: EEG-desynchronization was always followed by increased
      blood volume. This suggests a possible neurogenic element in vascular reactions.
      Cerebrovascular pathology was concluded to affect both the neurogenic and the
      metabolic components of the regulatory mechanism of local circulation.

PMID- 1204869
TI  - [Circadian periodicity of blood coagulation system indices and the hormonal
      activity of the adrenals in healthy persons (under conditions of rest and of
      stressed work)].
AB  - 13 patients with the heart ischemic disease (HID) were examined in conditions of
      a relative rest (hospital) and 20 patients - during an intensive day work. Within
      the 24-hr rhythm of gemocoagulation parameters, 3 phases were distinguished
      (conventionally): I a tendency to hypercoagulation at 0-3-6 a.m.; II the most
      safe period at 9 a.m.; III an increased ability of coagulation at 12-3-6-9 p.m.
      During the intensive day work, hypercoagulative shifts become more obvious and
      the anticoagulating system becomes activated at the I and the III phases. Within
      the 24: hr rhythm of the plasma fibrinolytic activity, 2 phases were
      distinguished (conventionally): I low activity at 0-3-6-9-12 a.m.; II sufficient
      activity at 3-6-9 p.m. During the intensive day work fibrinolytic activity
      increases, and the character of 24-hr rhythm preserves. Within the 24-hr rhythm
      of the adrenal hormonal activity, 3 phases were distinguished (conventionally): I
      a reduced activity at 0-3-6 a.m.; II high activity at 9 a.m.; III high enough
      activity at 12-3-6-9 p.m. In conditions of intensive day work the 24-hr rhythm of
      the adrenal hormonal activity does not change.

PMID- 1204871
TI  - [Terminology of the normal and pathological physiology of the cerebral
      circulation].

PMID- 1204870
TI  - [Background activity of the neurons and brain tissue oxygen tension in asphyxia].
AB  - The activity level of the cerebral cortex as estimated by the unit activity was
      found to correlate with the PO2 parameters. Two phasic changes of the unit
      activity dueing asphyxia were confirmed. The initial firing rate was unrelated to
      decrease of the PO2 but to the reticular formation influence rather. The
      following reduction of the unit activity was connected with the PO2 decrease in
      the brain tissue.

PMID- 1204872
TI  - [The role of Ca ions in desensitization induced by acetylcholine].
AB  - Abolition of cholinergic inhibition in the heart of fresh-water bivalves in
      absence of cholinesterase can be attained by inactivation of the acetylcholine
      receptor (R). The role of Ca in this process was studied. Determination of Ca in
      the perfusate at different stages of cholinergic inhibition showed that the
      concentration of Ca increased during the sistolic arrest, and the initiation of
      beats was accompanied by binding of Ca. This coincided with the onset of ATP
      release and went on till the complete desensitization. The increase of external
      Ca concentration up to 1.10-2M increased the half-time of desensitization while
      the binding of Ca with EDTA decreased it and eliminated the ATP anti
      acetylcholine effect. Another bivalent ion, UO2, which binds phosphate groups,
      competes with Ca. The role of Ca and ATP in chemical inactivation of the
      acetylcholine receptor is discussed.

PMID- 1204873
TI  - [Several pattern in the synthesis and uptake of H3-catecholamines by isolated rat
      vas deferens].
AB  - In the rat isolated vos deferens, increase of the thyrosine-H3, DOPA-H3, and
      Dopamine-H3 contents in the incubation medium increases respectively Km and Vmax
      of the noradrenaline-H3 biosynthesis. Increase of the Dopamine-H3 and
      noradrenaline-H3 in the medium also increases Km and Vmax of neuronal uptake and
      reservation of these catecholamines in the adrenergic granules. The simultaneous
      increase of Km and Vmax of the catecholamines synthesis and uptake leads to that
      the effectiveness of these processes undergoes much lesser alteration that the
      main parametres. The interrelationship between the substrate concentration in the
      medium and the velocity of catecholamines synthesis is, apparently, due to that
      the adrenergic granules differ from each other by the intensity of synthesis and
      reservation of noradrenaline. This is one of the factors regulating accumulation
      and release of the sympathetic mediators.

PMID- 1204874
TI  - [The effect of denervation on the chemistry of untrained and trained muscles].

PMID- 1204875
TI  - [The contractile and electrical activity of the smooth muscles of the major lymph
      vessels].
AB  - In rats, catecholamines were found to increase the rate of the muscles
      spontaneous rhythmic contractions while the alpha- and beta-blocking agents
      suppressed them. The spontaneous contractions were blocked in the uncalunm
      medium. Rhythmic electrical stimulation evoked contracture-like responses the
      uncalunm of which depended on the strength, frequency, and duration of the
      stimulation. In spontaneoulsy active preparations, single electrical stimuli
      evoked contractions according to the "all or nothing" rule. The membrane
      potential magnitude varied within the limits of 25-37 mV, and action potentials
      were related to the contractions. The data obtained suggest that the functional
      unit of conduction of spontaneous or evoked excitation waves is represented by a
      group of smooth muscle cells within a single lymphangion.

PMID- 1204876
TI  - [The activity of the internal laryngeal muscles during respiration].
AB  - Electromyographic study of the laryngeal internal muscles in dogs showed that the
      character and intensity of the electrical activity are specific for each muscle
      not only in frequency and amplitude of potentials, but also in the relation to
      the phases of the breathing cycle. Phasic electrical activity of these muscles
      occurred either in inspiration or expiration, whereas in some muscles the
      activity was recorded both in inspiration and expiration. Besides the phasic
      electrical activity, a less pronounced constant activity in some muscles was
      observed. The functional value of this phenomenon may be connected  with the
      fixation of the larynx cartilages, whereas that of the phasic activity is
      connected with the realization of the larynx respiratory function. It was shown
      that the instrinsic laryngeal muscles activity coordination in the breathing act
      is not static and strictly determined but has a dynamic character: it can change
      under various conditions. The final result of the action of the intrinsic
      laryngeal muscles determining the degree of the glottis opening in the rspective
      phase of the breathing cycle is conditioned by the simultaneous but differently
      pronounced and differently derected activity of some of these muscles.

PMID- 1204878
TI  - [An analysis of movement disorders in cats following destruction of the medial
      lemniscus].

PMID- 1204877
TI  - [Smooth muscle biopotentials and the contractile activity of the duodenum].

PMID- 1204879
TI  - [Comparative assessment of phase shifts in arterial pressure upon stimulation of
      the caudate nucleus and hypothalamus].

PMID- 1204880
TI  - [A method of studying slow electrical processes in the human brain in various
      ranges of measurement of potential magnitude].

PMID- 1204881
TI  - [A device for determining the contraction strength of the tibial muscle in man].

PMID- 1204882
TI  - [A thermostatic chamber for isolated objects with a drop system for the perfusion
      solution].

PMID- 1204883
TI  - [The role of several limbic structures in neocortical activation following brain
      stem section at the level of the corpora quadrigemina].
AB  - In chronic experiments on 25 adult cats, after transection of the brain-stem at
      the level of oral margins of the anterior colliculus, the effect of high
      frequency electrical stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus and basal-lateral
      portion of the amygdala was studied. While stimulation of the posterior
      hypothalamus resulted in diffuse activation, that of basal-lateral portion of the
      amygdala rather rarely evoked a relatively weak long-latency activation of the
      neocortex. Frequently, stimulation of the basal-lateral amygdala induced
      epileptiform activity in the neocortex. Bilateral lesion of the amygdaloid
      complex did not affect the activating influence of the posterior hypothalamus on
      neocortex. It is suggested that the posterior hypothalamus, independently of the
      mesencephalic reticular formation and amygdaloid complex, exerts an activating
      influence on the neocortex.

PMID- 1204884
TI  - [The heterosensory interaction of neurons in the cat frontal association cortex].
AB  - The interaction of various sensory inputs in the cat frontal neurons was studied
      in the motor cortex (MI), the area of the hind-limb contralateral representation
      (SI), and the area of the fore-limb contralateral representation (S'I), with the
      aid of heteromodal stimulation. Mutual blocks between various inputs (visual,
      auditory, contralateral hind-limb and fore-limb projections) were observed in MI
      and SI within the 100-600 msec intervals. Teleceptive inputs in the contralateral
      fore-limb representation did not block the somatic ones, though the latter
      blocked the teleceptive inputs within long intervals (3000 msec and more). The
      somatic input interactions manifested themselves in asymmetric blocks. The
      cortical type of the heterosensory block seemed to prevail in the fore-limb
      cortical projection, while multisynaptic blocking throughout the entire neuronal
      chains prevailed in the MI zone and in the cortical hind-limb projection.

PMID- 1204885
TI  - Immunogenic capacity of mouse alloantigens from ischaemic liver.
AB  - Immunogenic versus tolerogenic capacity of mouse alloantigens from ischaemic
      liver was tested in two different congenic strain combinations (H-2 compatible,
      non-H-2 incompatible). The recipients of test skin allografts were pretreated
      with tissue homogenate or particulate fraction and the survival pattern of the
      skin allografts was used as the criterion of the induced status. The results
      showed a difference in the immunogenicity of antigenic extracts from normal
      (healthy) and ischaemic liver. Following a single dose, alloantigens from
      ischaemic liver had an increased immunogenicity (which could be reduced through
      perfusion) as compared to control (extracts from healthy liver). Following three
      larger doses of ischaemic liver extracts, the effect was tolerogenic. Possible
      mechanism of the altered immunogenicity of alloantigens due to ischaemization of
      the liver tissue and the effect of perfusion are discussed.

PMID- 1204886
TI  - Study of thymus and peripheral lymphocyte populations characterized by the
      dominant nucleolar type.
AB  - In neonatally thymectomized mice and in "B" mice obtained by adult thymectomy,
      lethal irradiation and repopulation with foetal liver cells, blood lymphocytes
      were classified according to their nucleolar morphology as revealed by toluidine
      blue staining. A majority of the "active", i.e., RNA-synthesizing cells were
      found to be thymus-dependent. Direct evidence was obtained by testing the
      "active" lymphocytes for their sensitivity to anti- serum in vitro. During
      postnatal ontogenesis, the frequency distribution of individual  nucleolar types
      of lymphocytes tends to reflect the developmental changes in the organ tested.
      The decline of "active" lymphocytes in the thymus has its counterpart in their
      increase in the lymph nodes and peripheral blood. In hydrocortisone-treated mice,
      the most affected lymphocytes were those from the thymus cortex -- both the
      prevalent population of cells with micronucleoli and the "active" lymphocytes --
      whereas the active small lymphocytes in the medulla (resembling those from
      peripheral blood and probably also their precursors) were relatively
      hydrocortisone-resistant.

PMID- 1204887
TI  - A note on the preparation of particulate material for an electron microscopic
      study.
AB  - Modifications of two rapid and satisfactory procedures of purification of minute
      biological particulate material for electron microscopic observations were
      described. These modifications eliminate the alterations of the investigated
      particles and the possibility of their artificial disintegration. In addition,
      these procedures preserve the grouping of the particles as compared with the
      original suspensions. The dialysis is made directly on the grids coated with the
      supporting formvar membrane. In the second procedure the filtration of the
      soluble components of the material into the agar is combined with the transfer of
      the particles on the membrane covered grids.

PMID- 1204888
TI  - A new h-2 recombinant, H-2hj, which places the control of H-2.7 into the K end.

PMID- 1204889
TI  - Private and public specificities of the major murine histocompatibility complex
      (H-2): molecular representation of H-2Dd antigens.

PMID- 1204890
TI  - I-Ad alloantigens of the murine histocompatibility-2 complex. properties of
      detergent and papain solubilized products.

PMID- 1204891
TI  - Anti-H-2 antisera raised across D-end incompatibilities inhibiting lymphoid
      complement receptors.

PMID- 1204892
TI  - Preliminary studies on the topography of H-2d and mammary leukaemia (ML) antigens
      on DBA/2 mouse leukaemia cells.

PMID- 1204893
TI  - Additive effect of H-2D and H-2K differences on tooth germ grafts.

PMID- 1204894
TI  - A model for genetic control of programmed expression of H-2 genes.

PMID- 1204895
TI  - Quantitative variations in physiological traits influenced by the H-2 system.

PMID- 1204896
TI  - The effect of X-rays on strains and syngens of Paramecium aurelia differing in
      genetic affinity.

PMID- 1204897
TI  - Genetic studies of Paramecium jenningsi strains (Diller, Earl, 1958).

PMID- 1204898
TI  - Evaluation of sexual ambiguity.

PMID- 1204899
TI  - [Atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination in quantitative problems of
      animal experimental sensitization].

PMID- 1204900
TI  - [The IgD serum level in various forms of eczema and urticaria].

PMID- 1204901
TI  - [Serological total diagnosis of syphilis].

PMID- 1204902
TI  - [A special form of mycosis fungoides].

PMID- 1204904
TI  - [Glycerol-gelatin strips as a dosage form for the application to the mouth
      mucosa].

PMID- 1204903
TI  - [Treatment of pathospermia with Pomorie mud].

PMID- 1204905
TI  - [Combined penicillin-streptococcal vaccine treatment of chronically recurring
      erysipelas].

PMID- 1204906
TI  - [Effect of various drugs on the skin surface lipids].

PMID- 1204908
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies in scleroderma].

PMID- 1204909
TI  - [Immunological studies of patients with scleroderma with Brucella antigen].

PMID- 1204907
TI  - [The risk of intravenous treatment with hyaluronidase from a dermatological
      viewpoint].

PMID- 1204910
TI  - [Lymphocyte transformation test in the scleroderma].

PMID- 1204911
TI  - [Influence of underwater massage on the re-warming, thermal conductivity and
      blood supply of the skin in progressive scleroderma].

PMID- 1204912
TI  - [Relationship between morphological, immunological and clinical findings in
      progressive scleroderma: muscular involvement].

PMID- 1204913
TI  - [Relations between clinically mainfested homosexuality and the estrogen-feedback
      effect].

PMID- 1204914
TI  - [Proof of a chloramphenicol-allergy in a lymphocyte transformation test].

PMID- 1204915
TI  - [Influence of various skin diseases, skin color and the season on the content of
      indole melanogens in the urine].

PMID- 1204916
TI  - [Differential diagnostic importance of intracutaneous trypsin injections in
      endogenous eczema].

PMID- 1204917
TI  - [Thermometric studies on microcirculation of the skin in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1204918
TI  - [Nosological aspects of adhesive tape incompatibility].

PMID- 1204919
TI  - [Studies of the IgM-level in serum of patients with tumors].

PMID- 1204920
TI  - [Unusual course and localization of mycosis fungoides].

PMID- 1204921
TI  - [Hereditary angioneurotic edema].

PMID- 1204922
TI  - [Skin damages due to tear gas].

PMID- 1204923
TI  - Horizontal distribution of three dehydrogenases in the cow snout epidermis.
AB  - A technique is described for quantifying enzyme activities in the various layers
      of the epidermis of the cow snout. Values for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,
      6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase are reported. In
      general, the amount of each enzyme is largest in the basal layers and diminished
      towards the stratum corneum. The exception was G6PD whose highest peak of
      activity was in the region of the stratum spinosum.

PMID- 1204925
TI  - [Hyperandrogenic micropolycystic ovary syndrome and conjugal sterility].

PMID- 1204924
TI  - Determination of protoporphyrin in plasma and suction-blister fluid from light
      irradiated and non-irradiated skin in protoporphyria patients.
AB  - At various times of the year the protoporphyrin level in the plasma of 11
      patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria was determined. In the winter as well
      as in the summer, when the patients received carotenoids, an area on one forearm
      of 10 patients was irradiated with artificial (xenon arc) light, after which
      suction blisters were made on both forearms. Protoporphyrin levels were
      determined in the plasma and in the blister fluid from both areas. Suction
      blister fluid was considered representative of the interstitial fluid in the
      dermis. In the winter the protoporphyrin levels of the blister fluid from the
      irradiated area were significantly higher than in the fluid from the non
      irradiated area. In the summer this difference was not significant. The possible
      implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1204926
TI  - Female sterilization using the culdoscope.

PMID- 1204927
TI  - Isolation of myosin-synthesizing polysomes from cultures of embryonic chicken
      myoblasts before fusion.

PMID- 1204928
TI  - Development of the small intestine in the hypophysectomized rat. I. Growth
      histology, and activity of alkaline phosphatase, maltase, and sucrase.

PMID- 1204929
TI  - An autoradiographic study of the origin of intestinal blastemal cells in the
      newt, Notophthalmus viridescens.

PMID- 1204930
TI  - A model for genetic analysis of programmed gene expression as reflected in the
      development of membrane antigens.

PMID- 1204932
TI  - Insulin binding to cells of several tissues of the early chick embryo.

PMID- 1204933
TI  - Maturation of rabbit reticulocytes: degradation of specific reticulocyte
      proteins.

PMID- 1204931
TI  - Clonal analysis of vertebrate myogenesis. V. Nerve-muscle interaction in chick
      limb bud chorio-allantoic membrane grafts.

PMID- 1204934
TI  - Gene activation during muscle differentiation and the role of nonhistone
      chromosomal protein phosphorylation.

PMID- 1204935
TI  - Lizard myogenesis in vitro: a time-lapse and scanning electron microscopic study.

PMID- 1204936
TI  - The effects of rotation and positional change of stump tissues upon morphogenesis
      of the regenerating axolotl limb.

PMID- 1204937
TI  - Isoenzyme patterns of human liver alpha-L-fucosidase during development.

PMID- 1204938
TI  - A light and electron microscopic study of the embryonic chick otocyst. The
      effects of trypsin and Ca- and Mg- free salt solution.

PMID- 1204939
TI  - Synthesis and amino acid composition of basic proteins in mammalian sperm nuclei.

PMID- 1204940
TI  - Morphogenesis in Selaginella. III. Meristem determination and cell
      differentiation.

PMID- 1204941
TI  - Hormonal effects on RNA synthesis by stage 6 oocytes of Xenopus laevis.

PMID- 1204942
TI  - The biosynthesis of progesterone by cultured mouse midgestation trophoblast
      cells.

PMID- 1204943
TI  - Effects of the brachyury (T) mutation on mitotic activity in the neural tube.

PMID- 1204944
TI  - Specificity of cell adhesion: differences between normal and hybrid sea urchin
      cells.

PMID- 1204945
TI  - Ultrastructural change of melanosomes associated with agouti pattern formation in
      mouse hair.

PMID- 1204946
TI  - Quantitative detection and typing of HBs Ag and anti-HBs by radioimmunoassay
      techniques.
AB  - Small polystyrene tubes coated with purified anti-HBs were used as solid-phase
      substrate for the detection of HBsAg and anti-HBs by RIA procedures. This
      substrate yields highly sensitive, reproducible and homogeneous results. The
      sensitivity and the kinetics of various solid-phase RIA procedures for anti-HBs
      detection were explored. The preliminary heating of sera at 56 degrees C for 30
      min is needed, in order to remove a thermolabile aspecific inhibitor, which is
      not identifiable with complement. In particular, an RIA procedure is suggested,
      based upon preincubation of serum to be tested with a serum containing low
      amounts of HBsAg (count ratio to negative sera = 10:1) and suitable for the
      combined detection and quantitation of HBsAg and of anti-HBs. The results are
      expressed as HBs Units, which provide a simple and standardizable unit allowing
      estimation of HBsAg and anti-HBs amounts over a range of as much as one million
      values. A number of RIA procedures were also studied for typing HBsAg and anti
      HBs, which are also suitable to evaluate 'in vitro' the degree of cross immunity
      among the various subtypes.

PMID- 1204947
TI  - The problem of purification of HBs antigen.
AB  - Purification techniques utilized until now do not allow to obtain an HBs antigen
      totally free from one or more protein constituents of the serum. The authors
      describe the method which has given the best results; this method combines the
      utilization of silicate, Sephadex G200 and ultracentrifugation. The authors then
      determined the nature of the relations between HbsAg and the serum proteins. They
      have perfected a screening technique allowing to detect the immune complexes by
      means of a tetanus antigen-tetanus antitoxin model. Sixty-nine patients with
      viral hepatitis A and B were tested. It was observed that the immune complexes
      are in relation with the IgM which are themselves correlated with the rheumatoid
      factor: the mu chains found in purified HBsAg could correspond to the rheumatoid
      factor reacting with the Fc of IgG bound to HBsAg.

PMID- 1204948
TI  - Anti-HBsAg assay using the Ausria system with standard antigen dilutions.
AB  - A simple modification of the radioimmunoassay Ausria I and Ausria II was employed
      for detecting anti-HGsAg using the inhibition of a constant amount of HBsAg. The
      highest incidence of anti-HGsAg was demonstrated in follow-up patients recovering
      from viral hepatitis B (82%) and in hemophilia patients (79%). Lower frequencies
      were observed in patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis or liver cirrhosis
      (23%), patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis (16%), family contacts of
      patients with viral hepatitis B (10%) and blood donors (3.4%). No difference in
      sensitivity for the presence of anti-HBsAg was found between the Ausria I and the
      Ausria II test.

PMID- 1204949
TI  - Detection of anti-HBs in two groups of institutionalized people by solid-phase
      radioimmunoassay using human labelled antibody.
AB  - A modification of Ausria II-125 solid-phase radio-immunoassay has been performed
      for the detection of anti-HGs in sera from 217 subjects living in two
      institutions. 129 subjects were mentally retarded and belonged to an institution;
      the other 88 were healthy people living in another institution, 74 of whom were
      residents and 14 members of the assistance staff. These 88 subjects were tested
      again three months later. Contemporaneously HBsAg was tested by Ausria II-125.
      Out of 129 mentally retarded subjects, 18 (13.9%) were positive for anti-HBs and
      6 (4.6%1 for HBsAg. Out of 88 apparently healthy residents and members of the
      assistance staff, anti-HBs was detected in 24 (27.3%) and in 25 (28.4%), in the
      first and second bleeding, respectively; the distribution of anti-HBs carriers
      between residents and staff was quite similar. The screening of anti-HBs by rHA,
      performed in the same 88 subjects, showed a greater sensitivity than RIA modified
      in detecting anti-HBs carriers. Our findings outline the importance of the
      detection of anti-HBs as a marker of the virus B infection.

PMID- 1204950
TI  - A rapid hemagglutination test for the detection of HBsAg.
AB  - Demonstration of the advantages of the direct passive hemagglutination test in
      comparison with the radioimmunoassay: simplicity, speed, lower costs and
      relatively high specificity.

PMID- 1204951
TI  - Development and clinical evaluation of novel radioimmunoassay for the detection
      of hepatitis B antigen.
AB  - Australia antigen or hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) is intimately associated with
      acute and chronic forms of serum hepatitis. It appears in the patient long before
      the onset of acute serum hepatitis. Transfusion of blood containing this antigen
      frequently leads to hepatitis in the recipient. Due to this, numerous researches
      have been done to develop a sensitive diagnostic test for detecting the presence
      of this antigen. To this date, radioimmunoassay has shown better sensitivity and
      specificity. The test developed at Curtis Laboratories is a human double antibody
      solid phase radioimmunoassay which is called RIAcT:HBAg. Human HBAb was absorbed
      on a polyethylene pellet and placed in a glass test tube to prevent radioactive
      antibody from binding to it. In this procedure, 0.2 ml of patient unknown serum
      or plasma is placed into the test tube containing the antibody-coated pellet. The
      vials with the unknown samples and proper controls are incubated in a water bath
      at 37 degrees C for 2 hours, washed and incubated further with iodinated human
      antibody for 90 minutes at 37 degrees C. At the end, the tubes are washed again
      and counted. The level of antigen present is determined by the radioactivity
      present. The counts of the patient samples that are at least twice the mean
      counts of the negative controls are considered positive for HBAg. The sensitivity
      of this test was checked many times by determining the reactivity of various
      samples from the Bureau of Biologics. The lowest threshold of this RIA procedure
      has been 1.07 X 10(10) particles per ml.

PMID- 1204952
TI  - Change in prevalent subtypes of HBsAg in acute hepatitis B infections and its
      implications.
AB  - Subtyping of hepatitis B antigen in patients with acute hepatitis B revealed
      subtype ay in 75% while subtype ad was much more common in chronic asymptomatic
      carriers of the antigen (in 81% of blood donors). In contrast to blood donors, a
      change of the prevalent subtype was noted in acute hepatitis patients between
      1970 and 1974. Before May 1972, subtype ad was found in 67% of patients, whereas
      later subtype ay dominated in 93%. An unequal distribution of subtypes between
      acute and chronic forms of hepatitis B infections has been explained by
      differences in the virulence of virus strains. Our results suggest that the
      higher prevalence of subtype ad was also common in acute infections. The change
      of the prevalent subtype in acute infections may be attributed to differences in
      contagion rather than differences in virulence of virus strains.

PMID- 1204954
TI  - Significance of the presence of the various subtypes for the preparation of HBAb.
AB  - The superficial Australia antigen is essentially bound to the small particles and
      possesses different antigenic specificities 'a', 'd', 'g', 'w', and 'r'. The
      population which we tested was characterized by the major frequency (more than
      90%) of the 'ag' subtype with respect to the 'ad' subtype. The doses have been
      achieved using the solid phase RIA, modified according to Ling, in which the
      specificity of the antisera anti 'a', 'd' and 'g' was obtained by means of the
      absorption and dissociation of the antigen-antibody complexes. The investigations
      which we carried out to establish the avidity of the various anti-HBs anti-sera
      used for research into the Au antigen, have established that in general the
      avidity is maximal for the anti-ad and minimal or absent for the anti-ag. From
      this arises the necessity for the preparation of an anti-HBs anti-serum 'pool'
      consisting of healthy and hepatitic donors, with an optimal relationship between
      the subtypes 'ad' and 'ag'. The subsequent research carried out using the true
      subtypes in order to establish a relationship between the subtype and the
      presence of the anticore antibody on RIA revealed the lack of any correlation.

PMID- 1204955
TI  - Hepatitis B core antigen and antibody.
AB  - Two distinct antigen-antibody systems are associated with the hepatitis B virus:
      the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg, Australia antigen) and antibody (anti
      HBs) and the recently characterized hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and antibody
      (anti-HBc, anti-core). HBsAg is found in the serum of patients acutely or
      chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is represented on
      electron microscopy of such serum as 20 nm spherical and tubular structures and
      as the surface component of the 42 nm Dane particle. The core antigen of the HBV
      is associated with a 27 nm viral nucleocapsid particle present in the nuclei of
      infected hepatocytes and with the inner, core component of the Dane particle.
      These two HBV antigens have been shown to be antigenically distinct by immune
      electron microscopy. Immunization studies have demonstrated that both antigens
      are capable of eliciting distinct, humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in
      guinea pigs. Analysis of immune responses to HBcAg during the course of type B
      hepatitis provides a clearer understanding of this disease and anti-HBc may serve
      as a sensitive marker for the presence of the chronic HBsAg carrier state.

PMID- 1204953
TI  - Distribution of HB antigen carriers in the population of Budapest aged 0 to 85
      years.
AB  - The authors investigated serum samples of 5,000 inhabitants aged 0-85 years in a
      crowded industrial area, by means of the counterimmunoelectrophoretic method.
      They evaluate their results in relation to age, sex and occupation. They compare
      them with data of Hungarian and several other authors. Some possible reasons of
      the differences are discussed and the importance of non-parenteral transmission
      is emphasized.

PMID- 1204956
TI  - Purification and characterization of the 'core' particles and their potential
      diagnostic use.
AB  - The basis of the postulated correlation between 'core' particles and 'Dane'
      particles, of their different localization in the hepatocyte and of the different
      relationships is the mechanism of replication of the infecting material,
      interesting diagnostic possibilities appear evident in the hepatitis B field.
      Anti-core antibodies would be alone present in the serum of the hepatitic
      patient, in the acute or convalescent stage, whilst in the serum of the
      polytransfused patient they would appear in association with the antibodies
      directed against the superficial antigen of the Dane particles. The 'core'
      particles have consequently been concentrated and purified by means of 'coat'
      lysis using tension actives and density gradient ultracentrifugation. With such
      material and a hepatitic serum purified antibody, it has been possible to prepare
      a radioimmunoassay with which a 'screening' may be performed to evaluate the
      possible diagnostic use.

PMID- 1204957
TI  - Comparison of DNA polymerase and radioimmune assays for the detection of
      hepatitis B antigens and antibodies.
AB  - In acute cases of hepatitis, DNA polymerase activity was found 2 to 3 times more
      frequently than positive radioimmunoassay. For each case the DNA polymerase
      reactivity was shown to be associated with hepatitis B antigens. Inhibitors to
      this DNA polymerase, with properties of IgM and IgG antibody, were found in 13 of
      34 cases of acute hepatitis but only in 1 case out of 22 of cirrhosis. During the
      course of the acute disease these antibodies were detected 3 times more
      frequently than those to HBs antigen; the two types of antibodies were almost
      always found separately in different patients, those to DNA polymerase were
      apparently transient and developed earlier since they were found as early as 3
      days after the clinical onset and no later than the 6th week following the onset.

PMID- 1204958
TI  - Core antibodies and other parameters of hepatitis B virus infection in a tropical
      population.
AB  - HBsAg (80% of ay subtype) was detected with radioimmunoassay in 10% of a sample
      of the healthy population in Mopti, Mali, and in 6% with counterelectrophoresis.
      Anti-HBs was detected in approximately 57% of adults, and anti-HBc in 50%. Anti
      HBs was not always detectable in anti-HBc positive sera with the methods used,
      and vice versa. This accounted for up to 85% of an adult group showing anti-HBs,
      anti-HBc, or both. While anti-HBc percentages climbed more gradually with age,
      and 'adult' percentage of anti-HBs was reached at about 3 years of age, and there
      were no significant differences in the age distribution of HBsAg.

PMID- 1204959
TI  - [Culture of hepatitis virus B].
AB  - For the last 25 years, numerous attempts have been made to isolate the HBV agent
      responsible for hepatitis B by means of cultures 'in vitro'. We have undertaken
      longterm cultures of children's hepatic tissue (C.H.), conjunctive tissue (human
      adult H.A.F. and human embryonic fibroblasts H.E.F.) and KB cells; these were put
      in the presence of 7 sera HB + rich in Dane particles. These cells were
      trypsinized twice a week for almost 3 months and did not present any
      cytopathogenic effects. Electromicroscopy revealed, 15 days after infection, the
      presence of icosahedral particles (25 to 27 nm in diameter), free or in dense
      clusters, but more often empty (20 nm in diameter). These structures seemed to be
      made up of an assembly of capsomers approximately 5 nm in diameter, joined
      together in fours to form a ridge. Older cultures revealed clusters of
      icosahedrons some of which degenerated spontaneously; others were surrounded by
      proteinic structure having a fringed aspect. Certain rare particles of 35 to 45
      nm in diameter are similar to full Dane particles. EID immunological results were
      positive in the case of sera of patients convalescent from hepatitis B,
      containing anti-HBc antibodies, on C.H. cells the 27th and 40th days, and
      negative with anti-HBs antibodies. By immunofluorescence we observed 12 to 20
      days after infection of the cells, a clear fluorescence at first nuclear, then
      essentially cytoplasmic, by means of fluorescent anti-HBc sera of human or animal
      origin. With the fluorescent anti-HBs antibodies, the reaction is weak and solely
      cytoplasmic although in DRI, with H.E.F. and KB cells, we obtained from time to
      time weakly positive results in HBs. The relations between the morphological
      structures and the immunological results observed are discussed.

PMID- 1204960
TI  - DNA and DNA polymerase of a virus-like particle in hepatitis B.
AB  - One of the particulate forms bearing hepatitis B antigen in human blood, the 42
      nm Dane particle, has been shown to contain a small circular-stranded DNA with a
      molecular weight round 1.6 X 10(6) daltons and a DNA polymerase. The circular DNA
      functions as a primer-template for the DNA polymerase. The circular DNA, the DNA
      polymerase and the DNA product of the enzyme reaction appear to be internal
      components of the 28 nm core of the Dane particle. Dane particle cores labeled
      with H3 in a DNA polymerase reaction have been used in a sensitive double
      antibody precipitation assay for the antibody against core.

PMID- 1204961
TI  - Hepatitis B core antigen in the immunosuppressed chimpanzee.
AB  - Two chimpanzees with low levels of anti-HBs developed increased antibody titres
      but showed no antigenemia after i.v. administration of 10 ml infective chimpanzee
      serum. Treatment of a chimpanzee (also possessing anti-HBs) i.m. with
      Cyclophosphamide plus Prednisolone for 3 weeks starting 2 days before the
      challenge with infective serum resulted in detectable circulating HBsAg by day
      67. By day 95, the HBsAg concentration had increased to 17 times a human Ag
      reference plasma and low titres of anti-HBc were also present, but liver enzyme
      levels did not become abnormal until day 107. Since the circulating HBsAg
      concentration decreased gradually to 2 times the reference plasma by day 168, the
      animal was again immunosuppressed using oral Prednisolone alone for 7 weeks and
      then sacrificed. The liver yielded useful quantities of purified HBcAg while the
      plasma was an excellent source of Dane particles and HBsAg (41 X human reference
      plasma). This success could not be reproduced in 4 immunosuppressed cynomolgus
      monkeys. Our studies, therefore, demonstrate the value of the immunosuppressed
      high-order primate in the initiation and modulation of hepatitis B.

PMID- 1204962
TI  - Immunogenetic factors in thalassemia and hepatitis B infection. A multicentre
      study.
AB  - Geographical variations in the prevalence of hepatitis B infection were found in
      association with an increased opportunity of exposure to this virus in patients
      with homozygous beta-thalassemia in Cyprus, Greece, Sardinia and the United
      Kingdom. No association was found between the Gm phenotype of the individuals
      investigated and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus using HBsAg as a marker, or
      the ability to make antibody to it. Variation in the distribution of Gm
      haplotypes does not appear to be a feasible explanation for variation in anti-HBs
      and HBsAg frequencies in a series of highly transfused populations.

PMID- 1204964
TI  - Humoral and cellular immunity in guinea pigs to polypeptides derived from HBsAg
      containing particles.
AB  - Recent studies in this laboratory have shown that purified HBsAg contains at
      least 7-9 polypeptide subunits ranging in molecular weight (MW) from 18,000 to
      120,000; at least three of these are associated with carbohydrates. In addition,
      two glycosphingolipids have been extracted which are structurally similar to the
      blood group antigenic substance. The glycoproteins and glycolipids are of
      particular interest since it has been reported that carbohydrate is associated
      with the antigenic activity of HBsAg. Antisera to these subunits have been
      produced in guinea pigs. These results stimulated further 'in vivo'
      investigations into the possible development of a subunit vaccine which would
      exclude genes of a viral or cellular nature and would not be infectious. Guinea
      pigs were immunized with HBsAg, subtypes adw and ayw, and with two polypeptides
      (40,000 MW and 24,000 MW) in complete Freund's adjuvant. Control animals were
      inoculated with normal human serum or with polyacrylamide gel. Animals were
      boostered on day 14 and tested on day 30 for the development of cell-mediated
      immunity (CMI) by the macrophage inhibition assay, and for humoral immunity by
      PHA and RIA. Migration of peritoneal exudate (PE) cells was inhibited 30-88% in
      guinea pigs immunized with the 40,000-MW polypeptide when challenged with
      purified HGsAg, subtype adw or ayw, or with the 40,000-MW preparation, but the
      results were inconclusive with the 24,000-MW subunit. Similar evidence of CMI was
      observed with PE cells derived from guinea pigs inoculated with purified subtype
      specific HBsAg or with the 24,000-MW polypeptide. Humoral responses were
      predictable, and showed a reasonable degree of correlation with the CMI response.
      Control animals failed to respond to challenge with purified preparations of
      HBsAg or the 40,000-MW polypeptide, but did show CMI with their respective
      immunogens and - in the case of guinea pigs inoculated with normal human serum -
      with the 24,000-MW subunit, suggesting that the latter may contain an antigenic
      determinant related to a human serum protein.

PMID- 1204963
TI  - The variety of responses within a community to infection with Australia
      (hepatitis B) antigen.
AB  - There is a striking difference in the response of individuals to infection with
      HBV. Some individuals develop hepatitis, others form antibody which may persist
      for a long period, and others may become persistent carriers of Australia
      antigen. These responses may give some indication of the immune status of an
      individual and of populations relative to this agent. As such, it could provide a
      guide to the use of vaccines against hepatitis in areas of common occurrence of
      the disease. We have completed a survey of a community in northern Greece for the
      three factors. A very large percentage of the population have evidence of
      exposure and this varies with age and sex. Many responded by forming high titers
      of antibody but a considerable percentage developed hepatitis and/or became
      carriers. Some appeared to have complex. Most developed antibody against the
      prevalent antigenic type (ay) but in many cases antibody against the rare
      antigenic type (ad) appears to have been formed. Host characteristics appear to
      have influenced the nature of the response to the infection. The effects of
      vaccines on carriers is not known and conceivably could be detrimental (i.e. by
      formation of complexes). It would be important to learn more of the biology of Au
      in populations and individuals in connection with the widespread use of vaccines.

PMID- 1204965
TI  - A case of posthepatitic HBs-positive chronic hepatitis with transient monoclonal
      gammopathy.
AB  - Report of a case of HBsAg-positive chronic aggressive hepatitis associated with a
      transient monoclonal gammopathy.

PMID- 1204966
TI  - International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis. Conference address.

PMID- 1204967
TI  - Half life of transfused anti-HBs.
AB  - During a prospective study in post transfusion hepatitis 222 blood units were
      given to 55 patients who underwent open heart surgery. Eleven of these blood
      units contained anti-HBs titered higher than 1:128 by passive hemagglutination
      and were given to 10 patients previously negative for anti-HBs. Eight of these 10
      patients showed anti-HBs in the first serum sample obtained usually one to three
      days after surgery and a continuous decline in titre was noted at later bleedings
      until antibodies were no longer detectable 2 to 20 weeks after transfusion. In
      four patients from whom regular blood samples were available the half life of
      passively acquired anti-HBs was determined to be between 23 and 28 days. In two
      patients with serum anti-HBs before blood transfusion no change in antibody titre
      was noted over a period of six months.

PMID- 1204969
TI  - Anti-HBAg immunoglobulin after inoculation injuries.
AB  - A Medical Research Council study was begun in England and Wales in September 1973
      to determine the incidence of hepatitis B infection among persons who reported
      certain specified accidents with material containing hepatitis B antigen and who
      were given anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 14 days. It was not considered
      justifiable to include a control group. Anti-HBAg immunoglobulin was separated by
      cold ethanol fractionation from plasma in which hepatitis B antibody was detected
      by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. The plasma pools were examined for the presence
      of HBAg bu immune electron-microscopy and radioimmunoassay. The aimmunoglobulin
      was prepared as a 5 g per 100 ml solution and the titre of anti-HBAg measured by
      CIEP, RPH, and RIA. The usual dose was 500 mg-intramuscularly. The study includes
      a year's follow-up of each participant. Serum samples usually taken at four
      weekly intervals for six months, then at nine months and one year are tested, by
      routine methods, for abnormalities of liver function and for HBAg and anti-HGAg.
      Specimens are stored for further tests at the end of the study. In the first year
      of study 110 persons were enrolled: of these, 100 participants continued to be
      followed up, about half of them for more than six months.

PMID- 1204968
TI  - Epidemiological distribution and significance of anti-HBs.
AB  - HBsAg and anti-HBs neutralizing antibodies were quantitatively detected and typed
      by solid-phase RIA procedures in various random populations and in commercial
      lots of standard immunoglobulins. The prevalence of anti-HBs was considerably
      higher than prevalence of HBsAg, and the specificities of HBsAg and anti-HBs
      overlapped within the single groups of population. The results obtained provided
      evidence that hepatitis B virus infections are wide-spread, particularly in
      communities, and that the distribution of subtypes varies according to
      geographical patterns. The degree of cross neutralization between homotypic and
      heterotypic subtypes was not quantitatively constant, implying that the amounts
      of the single reacting determinants probably vary among HBsAg particles. It is
      also stressed that a number of sera containing both HBsAg and anti-HBs escape
      identification, since a fairly long interval can elapse during which the
      decreasing levels of HBsAg and the increasing levels of anti-HBs equalize in the
      blood.

PMID- 1204970
TI  - Specific immunotherapy proposed for hepatitis B virus infection.
AB  - Immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), coinciding with removal
      of HBsAg from the circulation, has been shown to be a cell-mediated response
      assessed by leukocyte migration inhibition assay. Immune response to HBsAg is a T
      cell dependent phenomenon in the nude mouse model. Immunological tolerance in man
      appears to stem from the absence of cellular and humoral immune response to
      HBsAg, causing a chronic carrier state which serves as an epidemiological
      reservior for the transmission of viral hepatitis type B. Specific immunotherapy
      in hepatitis may consist of adoptive transfer of immunity to HBsAg. It is
      proposed to be accomplished by administration of anti-HBs, transfer factor or
      'immune-RNA'. The efficacy and safety of 'immune-RNA' administration to chronic
      carriers can be validated by leukocyte migration inhibition techniques in vitro
      and in HBsAg positive chimpanzees in vivo.

PMID- 1204971
TI  - Viral hepatitis type B: propects for active immunization.
AB  - Studies conducted in 1970 and 1971 with heat-inactivated MS-2 serum revealed that
      this active immunizing procedure was associated with a protective effect, a more
      attenuated hepatitis B infection and a decreased hepatitis B carrier rate. More
      recent studies have revealed striking differences in the response of unimmunized
      and immunized persons following a parenteral exposure to the MS-2 strain of
      hepatitis B virus. Serial tests for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen
      (HBsAg), DNA polymerase activity, serum transaminase (SGOT), antibody to HBsAg
      (anti-HBs) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) revealed the
      following findings. In serosusceptible unimmunized persons HBsAg was detectable
      about 4 weeks after exposure, DNA polymerase activity at about 6 weeks, abnormal
      SGOT levels at about 8 weeks, anti-HBc at about 8-10 weeks, and anti-HBs usually
      after 20 weeks. In successfully immunized persons HBsAg, DNA polymerase activity,
      abnormal SGOT levels, and anti-HBc were not detectable, evidence of a booster
      response of pre-existing or non-detectable anti-HBs was observed one to two weeks
      after exposure. Studies by various investigators have revealed that anti-HBs is
      associated with protection and resistance to reinfection. In contrast, anti-HBc
      is not protective and does not correlate positively with either resistance to
      infection or recovery from infection. The availability of sophisticated
      biophysical and biochemical techniques has enabled several investigators to
      prepare candidate inactivated hepatitis B vaccines from purified preparations of
      HBsAg. The successful propagation of hapatitis B virus infection to susceptible
      chimpanzees has provided an excellent animal model for the evaluation of
      hepatitis B vaccines. At the present time various investigators are studying the
      immunogenic and protective effect of the vaccine in these animals. Prospects for
      the development of a vaccine for the prevention of viral hepatitis type B are
      encouraging. It is extraordinary that this objective will be achieved in spite of
      the failure to isolate the etiologic agent in tissue culture.

PMID- 1204972
TI  - Some considerations regarding active immunization with HBsAg.
AB  - Krugman has demonstrated that injection of heated serum containing HBsAg
      conferred some protection against subsequent challenge with live hepatitis B
      virus (HBV). It is likely that improved protection will result from injections
      for larger quantities of HBsAg. This can be readily done with purified antigen.
      We have carried out preliminary studies in mice to investigate the inactivation
      kinetics of HBsAg antigenicity and immunogenicity. Rates of inactivation of the
      two parameters by heat have been found to be parallel. Chimpanzees will be
      required to determine adequacy of inactivation procedures, and optimal dose and
      immunization schedule, prior to the initiation of human trials. The use of newly
      imported chimpanzees for this purpose may be hazardous. Of 27 chimpanzees
      recently tested in an exporter's compound in Sierra Leone, ten were found to
      circulate HBsAg and five additional had detectable anti-HBs, suggesting a high
      risk of hepatitis B transmission within the compound. Thus newly imported animals
      may be incubating HB infection, and could give rise to false positive results in
      inactivation trials, unless quarantined for a four to six month period prior to
      use. We have therefore established a laboratory for chimpanzee trials in West
      Africa, and plan to utilize only animals captured by trapping and held in strict
      isolation from the time of capture. It is unlikely that immunization against HBV
      will ever provide absolute immunity. Three chimpanzees who received a massive
      transfusion of infective plasma one year after resisting challenge with aliquots
      of the same plasma inoculated intraperitoneally, all developed severe hepatitis,
      accompanied in two cases by HBs antigenemia, despite strong anamnestic anti-HBs
      responses in all three animals.

PMID- 1204973
TI  - A new particulate antigen present in serum.
AB  - A new antigen has been encountered in the serum of 10 blood donors. It is
      distinct from Australia antigen, consists of spherical particles 21-23 nm in
      diameter and the corresponding antibody is widely distributed in the population.

PMID- 1204975
TI  - A latex agglutination test for hepatitis type B antigen.
AB  - A new latex agglutination test system (ANTIGEX-TM) for the detection of Hepatitis
      B Antigen (HBAg) is described. It can be used to detect HBAg in either serum or
      plasma with a sensitivity comparable to that of complement fixation and about
      four times greater than counterimmunoelectrophoresis. The sensitivity and
      specificity of the system is illustrated by the test results obtained on the
      F.D.A. Bureau of Biologics Sera Panel No. 2 and on sera and plasma specimens from
      normal blood donors in the U.K. and the USA. Further applications of the
      technique, in the detection of HBAg in finger-prick blood samples, and in the
      rapid determination of antigen subtype ('ad' or 'ay'), are also described.

PMID- 1204974
TI  - Selection of tests for hepatitis B antigen.
AB  - Three commercially available tests - two hemagglutination and radioimmunoassay
      were used to test sera received in a routine clinical laboratory. Their overall
      performance in terms of reliability and sensitivity was very similar and the
      yield of positive results was increased by about 25%.

PMID- 1204976
TI  - Involvement of complement and RA factor in non-specific agglutination of the
      latex reagent for HAA.
AB  - Heat inactivation of fresh sera reduced significantly the proportion of false
      positive reactions when the latex agglutination test for the detection of HAA was
      used in a series of 454 sera, possibly because heating destroys the C'lq fraction
      of complement. Non-specific agglutination also occurred if RA factor was present
      in sera tested, a fact that has been previously reported. This rapid and simple
      test may be very convenient as a screening procedure, but all positive sera
      should be tested again by means of a more specific method, as well as for RA
      factor. Improvement of the reagent may result in the elimination of false
      negative results, which were no-observed in this study but have been reported by
      others.

PMID- 1204977
TI  - Specific detection of hepatitis B surface antigen utilizing chimpanzee and guinea
      pig antibodies in a solid-phase radio-immunoassay.
AB  - The test involves a primary incubation of sample in polystyrene tubes coated with
      avid guinea pig anti-HBs serum followed, after washing, by a secondary incubation
      with immunopurified I125 chimpanzee anti-HBs. The system was found to be suitable
      for automation of washing and counting. The Hebria kit eradicated the non
      specific positives obtained in those tests employing antibody from only one
      animal species and had third generation sensitivity (35 positives out of 50
      samples) with the U.S. hepatitis B reference panel No. 2. Dilution analysis of
      both antigen subtypes showed that Hebria was as sensitive as Ausria II. By
      absorbing monospecific guinea pig antisera prior to coating, the kit showed
      greater than 10-fold discrimination between the ad and ay antigen subtypes while
      retaining high sensitivity. The kit could also quantitate and subtype anti-HBs in
      plasma samples.

PMID- 1204978
TI  - Standardized detection of hepatitis B surface antigen: determination of its serum
      concentration in weight units per volume.
AB  - The concentration of HBsAg in serum was determined in arbitrary units by
      quantitative immunoelectrophoresis and in units of optical density by UV
      photometry of purified antigen. The HBsAg was purified from serum by
      gelchromatography and subsequently by isopycnic centrifugation in cesium
      chloride. The ratio of the immunoelectrophoretically measured concentration to
      the units of optical density was found to be constant in six different samples
      with both subtypes - ad and ay - and varying concentration. The concentration of
      protein in three purified HBsAg samples was determined after acid hydrolysis by
      automatic aminoacid analysis. The specific extinction was E1 280 mg/ml = 4,5 +/-
      0,3. Thus the arbitrary units of immunoelectrophoresis were converted to
      concentration of HBsAg specific protein, expressed as mug/ml. In 540 Ausria
      positive serum samples, mainly from the beginning of an acute hepatitis, 10-40
      mug/ml was the most frequent range of concentration. About 4% of the sera
      contained more than 100 mug/ml, about 20% contained between 0,005 and 0,5 mug/ml
      and were positive only in RIA. 10 mug/ml correlated with titers in complement
      fixation of 1:32/64, in counterimmunoelectrophoresis of 1:8 and immuno-diffusion
      of 1:2. The use of standards with a defined concentration of HBsAg would allow a
      better control of the sensitivity in qualitative tests and of reproducibility in
      quantitation.

PMID- 1204980
TI  - Editorial: Changing concepts of risk.

PMID- 1204979
TI  - Direct solid-phase radioimmunoassay (dSP-RIA) for detection of antibody to
      hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen.
AB  - Using direct solid-phase radioimmunoassay (dSP-RIA) which was shown to be
      specific and about 10000 times more sensitive than immunodiffusion and even 10
      times more sensitive than the radioimmunoprecipitation test used by us before,
      anti-HBs was detected in 90% of hepatitis B convalescents who were followed up
      for a one year observation period and who had eliminated HBs antigen from their
      sera (60/68). In 13% of these patients (8/60 anti-HBs was only temporarily
      detectable. In 50% of all patients who developed antibody within a two to twelve
      months observation period (n = 151), anti-HBs appeared within three to four
      months after height of disease. In 16.5% of patients with HBs antigen negative
      hepatitis (32/193) anti-HBs was observed to develop during convalescence
      indicating a type B infection despite a negative finding for HBs antigen in the
      acute stage of disease. Using dSP-RIA anti-HBs was found in 5.5% of voluntary
      blood donors (n = 1036), in 20.2% of hospitalized patients without clinical
      hepatitis (n = 252), and in 30.6% of hospital staff (n = 304). Anti-HBs increases
      with age: in 14 year olds we found 0.5%, in 60 year olds, 14%. The fact that at
      least 70% of the anti-HBs positive normal persons and medical staff groups had no
      history of hepatitis illustrates the frequency and importance of subclinical
      hepatitis B infections.

PMID- 1204982
TI  - Effect of amphetamines in hyperkinetic children: stimulant of sedative? A pilot
      study.
AB  - Dextro-amphetamine and laevo-amphetamine were given in single equal doses to six
      hyperkinetic children. The effects on motor activity and palmar skin admittance
      (a.c. conductance) were measured. Only the 1-isomer resulted in a significant
      decrease in motor activity. Both isomers resulted in a significant decrease  in
      skin admittance, the 1-isomer having the larger effect. These findings offer no
      support for the hypothesis that hyperkinetic children are under-aroused and
      benefit from stimulation. They indicate that the beneficial effect of
      amphetamines is attributable to a sedative action.

PMID- 1204983
TI  - The hyperkinetic child: a behavioural, electrodermal and EEG investigation.
AB  - Ten hyperkinetic children were compared with a matched group of normal controls
      on the basis of behavioural measurements, electrodermal recordings and spectral
      analysis of the EEG. All the behavioural measures (total motor activity, speed of
      movement, and noisiness) differentiated the two groups in the predicted
      directions. The groups did not differ significantly in respect of the skin
      admittance (a.c. conductance) level or the EEG alpha rhythm propagation time.
      These findings provide no support for the hypothesis that hyperkinetic children
      are under-aroused. The best differentiation between the groups was provided by
      the EEG coherence function. The hyperkinetic group showed a significantly higher
      coherence within the hemisphere than the controls at frequencies up to 8Hz. It is
      speculated that they may reflect diminised cortical processing of information in
      the patients by comparison with the controls.

PMID- 1204981
TI  - An assessment of the Pictorial Test of Intelligence for use with young cerebral
      palsied children.
AB  - In order to determine the concurrent and predictive validity of the Pictorial
      Test of Intelligence for use with cerebral-palsied children, this test was
      administered to 46 cerebral-palsied children aged between four and seven years,
      together with the Columbia Mental Maturity Scale and Peabody Picture Vocabulary
      Test. The results, compared with a classroom Achievement Rating Scale, showed the
      Pictorial Test of Intelligence to be superior to the other two tests as a
      predictor of classroom achievement of the children in this study.

PMID- 1204984
TI  - Treatment of minor motor seizures with clonazepam.
AB  - Fifty-two patients (age-range four months to 17 years) with drug-resistant
      convulsive disorders were treated for up to four years (average 15 months) with
      clonazepam, a benzodiazepine derivative. The types of seizures suffered by these
      patients were atypical petit mal, akinetic, massive infantile spasms, mixed minor
      motor seizures, myoclonic jerks, psychomotor, classic petit mal and grand mal.
      Evaluation of seizure control by clonazepam showed that the large majority of
      patients had improved--complete control of seizures was achieved in 27 per cent,
      and a greater than 50 per cent control was achieved in 61 per cent of the
      patients. Ten per cent of the patients showed no change and one patient worsened.
      Eight patients were successfully managed on clonazepam alone. Lethargy and ataxia
      were common side-effects but usually they were transient. No serious organic
      toxicity was noted.

PMID- 1204985
TI  - A longitudinal psychophysiological study of three-year-old Mauritian children:
      preliminary report.
AB  - The rationale for using the high-risk-group research design in the search for the
      aetiology of schizophrenia is described. A longitudinal study is being made of
      three-year-old Mauritian children who underwent a variety of physiological and
      psychological tests. Groups of these children, selected on the basis of their
      responses to electrodermal stimulation, are now attending nursery schools
      established on the island as part of this study. A control group of children do
      not attend nursery school. It is intended to follow-up these children over the
      next two decades. Mention is made of the benefits of this research to the
      development of para-medical and educational services in a developing country.

PMID- 1204986
TI  - The development of auditory figure-ground discrimination and ear asymmetry under
      nonaural stimulus presentation.
AB  - The development of auditory word discrimination ability in normal male children
      has been investigated. 56 school-children (14 from kindergarten and 14 each from
      second, fourth and sixth grades) were asked to discriminate 50 single-syllable
      words presented against four levels of background noise (0, +10, +20, and +30).
      Age, noise level, and ear were all significantly related to auditory word
      discrimination scores. The results of the study show that with increasing age
      there is increased ability to discriminate words in the presence of noise.
      However, although the older the child the greater his ability to discriminate, a
      far greater effect than age on discrimination is the signal-to-noise treatment
      level, a finding which suggests that knowledge of the treatment condition may be
      a better predictor of auditory discrimination scores than a child's age. An
      additional finding was a general right-ear superiority in the presence of noise,
      most consistently found under the 0 signal/noise condition for children in
      kindergarten and in second and fourth grades.

PMID- 1204987
TI  - Facial myokymia in association with medulloblastoma.

PMID- 1204989
TI  - Diastematomyelia.

PMID- 1204988
TI  - Cerebro-facio-thoracic dysplasia: report of three cases.
AB  - Three children, two girls and one boy, are described as suffering from a new
      syndrome, 'cerebro-facio-thoracic dysplasia'. The characteristic findings are
      mental retardation, characteristic facies, narrow forehead, bushy eyebrows with
      synophrys, hypertelorism, broad nose, wide philtrum, triangular-shaped mouth,
      short neck, marked maxillary hypoplasia, a low hairline (especially posteriorly
      in the midline on the neck), brachycephaly, calcified clinoid ligements, and
      multiple bony abnormalities in the upper thoracic vertebrae and sometimes in the
      cervical region, together with a variety of deformities of the upper ribs. It
      seems possible that the condition is hereditary and that it may be inherited as a
      result of an autosomal recessive trait.

PMID- 1204990
TI  - Letter: The language disordered child.

PMID- 1204991
TI  - Letter: Unilateral nerve deafness in childhood.

PMID- 1204992
TI  - Editorial: Or is a children's physician just naturally nice?

PMID- 1204993
TI  - A longitudinal study of head growth in pre-term infants, I: normal rates of head
      growth.

PMID- 1204994
TI  - A longitudinal study of head growth in pre-term infants. II: differentiation
      between "catch-up" head growth and early infantile hydrocephalus.

PMID- 1204995
TI  - Electrophysiological examination of the visual system in paediatric practice.

PMID- 1204996
TI  - Clinical and evoked response audiometry in late infancy.

PMID- 1204997
TI  - The responses of neonates to noise, in relation to the personalities of their
      parents.

PMID- 1204998
TI  - Dilapidated speech: developmental verbal dyspraxia.

PMID- 1205001
TI  - Abnormalities of the hip in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1205000
TI  - Fetal surgery.

PMID- 1204999
TI  - The bobble-head doll syndrome: an early sign of hydrocephalus. Two new cases and
      a review of the literature.

PMID- 1205002
TI  - Clinical analysis of the cry.

PMID- 1205003
TI  - Random-dot stereograms for clinical assessment of stereopsis in children.

PMID- 1205004
TI  - Letter: Mental deficiency of mental retardation.

PMID- 1205005
TI  - Letter: Ketogenic diet and epilepsy.

PMID- 1205006
TI  - Letter: "Optimal developmental appraisal".

PMID- 1205007
TI  - The influences of propranolol on serum gastrin concentration and hydrochloric
      acid secretion in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects.
AB  - In ten normal subjects the effect of propranolol on serum gastrin concentration
      and HC1 secretion during insulin hypoglycemia (0.2 U/kg) was studied. Under the
      influence of propranolol (50 mug/kg intravenously in 3 min) the gastrin response
      to insulin was abolished. The insulin-induced HC1 secretion was reduced by
      propranolol from 38 to 18 mEq/2h (p less than 0.01). These results are compatible
      with the hypothesis of beta-adrenergic stimulation on serum gastrin concentration
      and HC1 secretion during insulin hypoglycemia.

PMID- 1205009
TI  - The colon: Absorptive, seccretory and metabolic functions.
AB  - The role which the human colon fulfils in digestion and metabolism remains
      largely undocumented. Its capacity to conserve water and electrolytes is well
      known although how this is controlled is uncertain. In the animal kingdom,
      calcium and magnesium absorption from the colon are improtant as are absorption
      and synthesis of vitamins. The abundant microflora of the human colon gives it
      unique properties. Dietary residue is metabolised forming short-chain fatty
      acids, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane; whilst 20% of urea synthesised in
      man is broken down in the colon to ammonia, which is reabsorbed, and carbonic
      acid. The microflora also degrades a wide variety of organic compounds including
      food additives, drugs, bile salts, and cholesterol which may be relevant to the
      development of colon cancer. Regional differences in colonic function also exist
      making interpretation of data from this relatively inaccessible organ more
      difficult.

PMID- 1205008
TI  - Epidemiology of Oesophageal cancer in France. Increasing mortality and persistent
      correlation with alcoholism.
AB  - Recent data concerning the mortality from oesophageal cancer by regions and
      departements in France are reported (around 5,000 deaths yearly). It was decided
      to investigate whether any time trend had become apparent and whether the
      correlation with alcoholism could still be observed. Numbers of deaths from
      oesophageal cancer for the years 1961-1963 and 1967-1968, and from cirrhosis and
      alcoholism for 1967 and 1968 were collected as well as the corresponding
      population from the census figures of 1962 and 1968. A cohort analysis using the
      data for 5 reference years from (1951 to 1971) is presented. Among European
      countries, France has the highest mortality rate from oesophageal cancer in males
      (13.65/100,000) and very high sex ratio (12.88). The rates are particularly high
      in western areas, especially Basse-Normandie. Over the 20-year period from 1951
      to 1971, a progress of 32.7% was observed in males. The increase in mortality in
      males is greatest in the youngest age groups. In 1967-1968, there is a strong
      correlation between oesophageal cancer mortality and mortality from cirrhosis and
      alcoholism, the latter being more significant.

PMID- 1205010
TI  - The motor-stimulating effect of natural motilin on the lower esophageal sphincter
      fundus, antrum and duodenum in dogs.
AB  - Natural motilin was investigated for its effect on gastrointestinal motor
      activity in anesthetized dogs. In doses starting from 10 ng/kg as single
      injection and 100 ng/kg-h as intravenous infusion, motilin induced phasic
      pressure changes in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and in the lumen of the
      fundus, antrum, and duodenum. Tachyphylaxis was seen in 6 out of 10 dogs. Motilin
      had no effect on isolated muscle strip preparations of the LES, fundus, antrum,
      and duodenum in this species.

PMID- 1205012
TI  - Experimental lymphatic obstruction and fat absorption in the rabbit.
AB  - Using a previously published procedure of experimental abdominal lymphatic duct
      obstruction, we were unable to confirm increased faecal fat excretion after the
      operation. Nevertheless, the completeness of the obstruction and the huge
      dilatation of the lymph ducts of the villi have been verified. A spontaneous
      seasonal variation of faecal fat excretion has been observed in the rabbit with a
      maximum in October and November.

PMID- 1205011
TI  - Interactions between vagus nerve stimulation and pentagastrin or secretin on the
      guinea pig gallbladder.
AB  - In guinea pigs, anaesthetised with urethane, stimulation of the peripheral cut
      end of the cervical vagus activates cholinergic excitatory and non-adrenergic
      inhibitory fibres to the gallbladder. Central vagal stimulation reflexly
      contracts the gallbladder by an efferent pathway in the vagus and also activates
      an adrenergic, non-vagal inhibitory pathway to the gallbladder. Injections of
      pentagastrin (12-33 mug kg-1 s.c.) or secretin (0.1-0.2 U kg-1 i.a.), doses which
      produce no effect on gallbladder tone when administered alone, significantly
      increase the contractions evoked by vagal stimulation.

PMID- 1205013
TI  - Synthesis rates of albumin and fibrinogen during and after acute hepatitis.
AB  - Synthesis rates of albumin and fibrinogen were determined in six patients with
      acute virus hepatitis and in nine control patients using the 14C carbonate method
      of McFarlane. Five patients were restudied several weeks after complete recovery.
      The following results were obtained. (1) The mean albumin and fibrinogen
      synthesis rates in the control group were 238.8 and 23.5 mg/kg/day, respectively.
      (2) In two patients with mild courses of hepatitis and in one patient studied
      during the early phase of a rapid and fatal course the albumin synthesis rate
      during the acute disease did not differ from controls whereas fibrinogen
      synthesis rate was slightly increased. (3) Three patients with severe hepatitis
      showed a definite decrease in albumin and fibrinogen synthesis rates, the lowest
      value being 76 mg/kg/day for albumin and 6.3 mg/kg/day for fibrinogen. (4) The
      decrease in plasma protein synthesis correlated neither with serum transaminase
      or bilirubin levels nor with plasma albumin or fibrinogen concentrations during
      the acute phase. (5) The two patients with the lowest albumin and fibrinogen
      synthesis rates also showed a definite decrease of the prothrombin index during
      the acute phase. Both patients presented very prolonged courses of the disease.
      (6) In all patients studied twice, plasma protein synthesis rates were normal
      after recovery.

PMID- 1205014
TI  - Biliary excretion of conjugated sulfobromophthalein (BSP) in constitutional
      conjugated hyperbilirubinemias.
AB  - Sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and its three major forms of conjugates were determined
      in bile or duodenal aspitate, plasma and urine following intravenous
      administration of free BSP and synthetic BSP-glutathione (BSP-GSH) in five
      patients with the Dubin-Johnson syndrome and two patients with the Rotor
      syndrome, using alumina column chromatography. It was found that in Dubin-Johnson
      patients the biliary excretion of conjugated BSP was selectively impaired,
      conjugated BSP increased in plasma replacing free BSP after 30 min, and plasma
      retention of BSP-GSH was greater than that of free BSP when administered
      intravenously. In contrast, biliary excretion of BSP and its conjugates was not
      impaired and regurgitation of conjugated BSP into plasma was minimal in the Rotor
      syndrome. Thus, these two constitutional hyperbilirubinemias can be separated by
      their basic defects in BSP metabolism.

PMID- 1205015
TI  - Muscle cell electrolytes in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
AB  - The intracellular electrolyte concentrations in skeletal muscle from 15 patients
      with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease were examined. In patients with
      diarrhea not receiving potassium, muscle cell potassium and magnesium were low
      and sodium insignificantly elevated. By contrast, largely normal muscle cell
      electrolyte concentrations were found in patients receiving potassium or having a
      normal intestinal function. Supported by the existence of normal muscle cell
      electrolytes in a control group of patients receiving prednisone for
      extraintestinal diseases it was stated that glucocorticoid treatment does not
      affect the muscle cell electrolytes unless such treatment is effective in
      controlling the intestinal function. Potassium - and possibly magnesium -
      supplementations are recommended in cases with diarrhea.

PMID- 1205016
TI  - Postmortem study of the prevalence of gallstones in Athens.
AB  - The prevalence of gallstones in Athens in 1973 was studied in an autopsy survey
      that covered 1,448 subjects of all ages and both sexes. Gallstones were found in
      5.2% of all subjects and in 6.2% of subjects older than 40 years. The prevalence
      was higher in females and considerably higher in persons who died from cirrhosis
      of the liver or from ischaemic heart disease.

PMID- 1205017
TI  - Viscosity and osmolality of abnormal biles.
AB  - The mean osmolality of bile from the common bile duct is similar to that of bile
      obtained from the gallbladder of patients with non-functioning gallbladders, and
      both means are significantly lower than the mean of bile in functioning
      gallbladders. The mean viscosity of bile from both functioning and non
      functioning gallbladders is on average considerably greater than that from the
      common bile duct, and the mean viscosity of bile from non-functioning
      gallbladders is greater than that from functioning ones. The presence of much
      mucus in gallbladders containing stones is likely to account for these
      differences in viscosity. The composition of the gallstones does not appear to
      have any influence on these observations, but the number of patients in each
      group is too small for the differences to be significant.

PMID- 1205018
TI  - Gastric secretion in rats after infusion of stimulants into the abdominal vena
      cava and aorta.
AB  - Pentagastrin or histamine were infused for 24 h by way of the abdominal vena cava
      or aorta into conscious rats bearing permanent gastric and vascular cannulas. The
      locus of infusion did not significantly affect the output and concentration of
      acid and pepsin, or the volume of gastric secretion.

PMID- 1205019
TI  - Small and large vessel disease in the development of foot lesions in diabetics.
AB  - This paper describes studies undertaken to determine the role of vascular disease
      in the development of foot lesions in diabetics, particularly those with
      neuropathy. The ratios of ankle/arm and toe/ankle blood pressure were used as
      indices of large and small vessel disease respectively. Diabetic patients with
      lesions had evidence of more large and small vessel disease than patients without
      lesions. Patients with neuropathic lesions had evidence of more small vessel
      disease than patients without lesions.

PMID- 1205020
TI  - Glucocorticoids and the fate of exogenous insulin in insulin-immunized guinea
      pigs.
AB  - Groups of normal rats and of normal and insulin-immunized guinea pigs were
      injected intravasculary with mixtures of radio-iodinated and unlabelled porcine
      insulins. No differences could be discerned between the fates of radio-iodinated
      and unlabelled insulins in normal or immune guinea pigs except with respect to
      the kidneys of normal animals, which seemed to accumlate TCA-precipitable
      radioactive substances devoid of immunoreactivity. The abnormally slow
      disappearance of insulin from the plasma and its persistent accumulation in the
      livers and spleens of immune guinea pigs were not affected by prior treatment for
      three days with large daily doses (ca 20 mg/kg body wt.) of hydrocortisone
      acetate.

PMID- 1205021
TI  - The effects of glucose, N-acetylglucosamine, glyceraldehyde and other sugars on
      insulin release in vivo.
AB  - The specificity for carbohydrates of insulin secretory responses in vivo was
      studies. Test sugars were injected via a left femoral vein cannula into conscious
      rats. Blood samples collected over the ensuing 60 min via a left femoral arterial
      cannula were assayed for plasma insulin and glucose, and, in some experiments,
      for N-acetyl glucosamine. Whereas L-glucose or saline produced no significant
      changes in plasma insulin or glucose concentrations, D-glucose, N
      acetylglucosamine, D-glucosamine, fructose, D-glyceraldehyde and DL
      glyceraldehyde were potent secretagogues. Simultaneous injection of
      mannoheptulose abolished the insulinortopic action of glucose and N
      acetylglucosamine, but not of DL-glyceraldehyde. Fructose, glucosamine, and DL
      glyceraldehyde induced hyperglycaemia, but peak insulin concentraions occurred
      before any change in plasma glucose concentration. No evidence was obtained for a
      stimulatory effect of galactose on insulin release. Infusion for 60 min of N
      acetyglucosamine produced a sustained elevated plasma insulin concentration and
      significant hypoglycaemia. The present in vivo results agree with previous in
      vitro observations and could indicate a role for sugars other than glucose in the
      regulation of insulin release.

PMID- 1205022
TI  - Glucagon and insulin from lean rats and genetically obese fatty rats: studies by
      radioimmunoassay, radioreceptorassay and bioassay.
AB  - Insulin, proinsulin and glucagon extracted from lean rat pancreases were studied
      in radioimmunoassay, radioreceptorassay and bioassay systems. Extracted insulin
      behaved identically to a rat insulin used as a reference standard in
      radioimmunoassay. On the basis of its immunoreactivity, extracted insulin was
      slightly less potent (about 70%) than the rat standard insulin in competing with
      the binding of 125I-insulin to rat liver membranes (radioreceptorassay) and in
      stimulating glucose oxidation by rat fat cells (bioassay). Extracted glucagon and
      a pork glucagon used as a reference standard were indistinguishable in two
      radioimmunoassay systems for glucagon, in competing with the binding of 125I
      glucagon to rat liver membranes (radioreceptorassay) and in stimulating adenylate
      cyclase in rat liver membranes (bioassay). Genetically obese rats (Zucker,
      "fatty") were compared to their lean littermates with respect to insulin,
      proinsulin and glucagon extracted from their pancreases. Proinsulin represented
      the same proportion of total immunoreactive insulin in both types of rats. In the
      radioimmunoassays, the radioreceptorassays and the bioassays, insulin, proinsulin
      and glucagon from obese rats were indistinguishable from insulin, proinsulin and
      glucagon from lean rats. It is concluded that the pancreatic hormones of obese
      ("fatty") rats possess the same immunoreactivity and biological potency as those
      of nonobese rats. This excludes the possibility that some alteration in the
      biological properties of pancreas insulin and/or glucagon of fatty rats could
      explain the metabolic abnormalities observed in this type of obesity.

PMID- 1205023
TI  - Plasma glucagon levels in normal women during pregnancy.
AB  - Increased plasma pancreatic glucagon concentrations have been reported during
      various states of decreased glucose tolerance. In vitro studies have demonstrated
      that human somatomammotropin stimulates glucagon release. The present
      investigation aimed at evaluating the role of plasma flucagon in the insulin
      resistance associated with normal pregnancy. Postprandial samples of plasma were
      obtained from 156 pregnant women between the 5th and the 40th week of pregnancy
      and were assayed for blood glucose, plasma insulin, glucagon and free fatty
      acids. Plasma insulin showed a gradual increase during pregnancy, and reached its
      maximal values during the last trimester. A moderate but significant increase in
      plasma glucagon was present between the 16th and the 28th week of gestation,
      whereas during the first and the last trimester of pregnancy its concentration
      was similar to that in non pregnant women. Intravenous glucose tolerance was
      performed during the last trimester and in a group of non pregnant control women.
      The slight decrease in glucose tolerance and the marked hyperinsulinemia
      associated with late pregnancy were accompanied by a more rapid and more
      pronounced decrease in plasma glucagon. A rapid and sustained decrease in
      glucagon was also observed when plasma FFA were raised by the intravenous
      administration of a triglyceride emulsion and heparin. These data suggest that
      glucagon is not involved in the insulin resistance associated with normal human
      pregnancy.

PMID- 1205024
TI  - The contribution of endogenous insulin secretion to the ketogenic response to
      glucagon in man.
AB  - The magnitude and direction of the lipolytic and ketogenic responses following
      exogenous glucagon administration is controversial and consideration of the
      possible role of endogenous insulin secretion upon these events has not been
      clarified. The present study examines the role of endogenous insulin secretion in
      modulating the net lipolytic and ketogenic activity of glucagon. Three groups
      characterized by different levels of endogenous insulin secretory capacity were
      studied. In all three groups, the responses in plasma insulin,
      betahydroxybutyrate, and free fatty acids were observed following bolus
      administration of 1.0 mug/kg glucagon. In the obese subjects with increased
      endogenous insulin secretion, glucagon administration resulted in a decline below
      basal levels of both free fatty acid and betahydroxybutyrate. In the diabetic
      subjects with no demonstrable endogenous insulin secretion, glucagon
      administration was followed by a rise in plasma free fatty acids and an
      exaggerated rise in plasma betahydroxybutyrate. The normal control group
      exhibited a response in betahydroxybutyrate midway between the obese and diabetic
      groups. These obwervations support the thesis that the magnitude of endogenous
      insulin secretion modulates the lipolytic and ketogenic actions of glucagon in
      man.

PMID- 1205026
TI  - Variation in polyol levels in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in diabetic patients.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or CSF and plasma levels of sorbitol, 1,5
      anhydroglucitol and myoinositol of diabetic and non-diabetic patients with normal
      kidney function and of diabetic and non-diabetic patients with impaired kidney
      function were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. The CSF sorbitol level
      correlated with the plasma glucose level (p less than or equal to 0.05) in
      diabetic patients with normal kidney function, having received insulin for less
      than 12 months. The correlation between CSF sorbitol and plasma glucose levels in
      patients not dependent on insulin was not significant. Sorbitol was not detected
      in the plasma. The highest sorbitol levels in CSF were seen in insulin-dependent
      diabetic patients with impaired kidney function. No rise was seen in non-diabetic
      uremia. 1,5-anhydroglucitol, normally present in plasma, was absent from CSF and
      plasma in diabetic patients receiving insulin. In non-diabetic uremic patients,
      1,5-anhydroglucitol levels in CSF and plasma were lower than in healthy subjects,
      but htere was no correlation with plasma glucose levels. The myoinositol level
      was higher in CSF than in the plasma of both non-diabetic and diabetic patients
      with normal kidney function. Both plasma and CSF levels were significantly (p
      less than 0.001) elevated in diabetic as well as in non-diabetic uremic patients,
      the plasma myoinositol increasing relatively more than the CSF levels. The
      elevation of plasma myoinositol correlated with the elevation of plasma
      creatinine and thus also with the impairment of kidney function. Plasma and CSF
      myoinositol levels were not influenced by the plasma glucose level.

PMID- 1205025
TI  - Metabolic studies in familial partial lipodystrophy of the lower trunk and
      extremities.
AB  - A familial syndrome of partial lipodystrophy inherited as a dominant trait is
      reported. Subcutaneous fat loss was confined to the extremities and trunk.
      Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hepatomegaly and renal disease were very
      prevalent in this family. Metabolic studies were performed on 3 members. In vivo
      tests suggested that the remaining fat tissue responded normally to stimulators
      and inhibitors of lipolysis. In vitro incubation of the dystrophic fat tissue of
      one patient suggested that the intracellular pathways of lipid and glucose
      metabolism were normal. The pattern of subcutaneous loss of adipose tissue
      observed in this family may be due to sympathetic nervous system overactivity of
      certain non-contiguous dermatomes.

PMID- 1205027
TI  - Stability of the 4th International Standard for Insulin.
AB  - The stability of the (W.H.O.) 4th International Standard for Insulin, has been
      assessed by accelerated thermal degradation studies. This is a crystalline
      preparation of insulin, freed from proteolytic enzymes, sealed in ampoules
      containing air and with a moisture content of 5--6%. Of the original biological
      activity 95.8 (92.8--98.9;P = 0.95)% was retained after storage for 12 years in
      the dark at 20 degrees C and 65.7 (63.4--68.1;P = 0.95)% after 14 years at 37
      degrees C. Degradation rate constants were calculated from these data for the
      Standard at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C, assuming first order kinetics. The
      degradation constant at 37 degrees C did not differ significantly from those
      found in earlier degradation studies at 37 degrees C over shorter periods,
      thereby supporting the assumption that the degradation of crystalline insulin, at
      least at 37 degrees C, is a first order reaction. Extrapolation of these data
      suggest that the Standard stored at -20 degrees C for 20 years would have
      retained at least 99.93% (P = 0.95) of its original activity and so for practical
      purposes can be considered to be stable.

PMID- 1205028
TI  - Transfilter studies on neural induction in the newt.
AB  - In order to study the transmission mechanism of neuralising signals during
      primary embryonic induction, the interacting components (competent newt gastrula
      ectoderm and dorsal lip tissues) were separated by filter membranes of varying
      pore size. Nuclepore filters with nominal pore size from 0.1 to 8 mum were
      employed and the neuralising effect was shown to traverse all of these membranes.
      Electron microscopic examination did not reveal any cytoplasmic processes in the
      pores and the authors conclude that the morphogenetic signals are carried by
      transmissable compounds rather than through direct cytoplasmic contacts.

PMID- 1205029
TI  - Transfer and localisation of maternal serum antigens by mouse preimplantation
      embryos and oviductal epithelium.
AB  - Two hours after systemic injection of bovine plasma albumin (BPA) into pregnant
      mice, albumin-like antigen was detected by indirect immunohistological methods
      within the cytoplasm of oviductal and preimplantation uterine embryos whether
      ovulation was spontaneous or induced by hormone injection. Although fluorescence,
      localising antigen similar to or identical with the systemically injected foreign
      protein, was present in embryos in all oviductal regions and at all cleavage
      stages, the intraembryonic location of the transferred serum molecules differed
      from embryo stage. Most ootids and two-celled blastomeres contained large
      intracytoplasmic areas of intense fluorescence randomly associated with non
      fluorescent or dimly fluorescent areas in the same cell. By four- and eight
      celled stages, albumin-like antigen was localised at the periphery of
      blastomeres; less was found deep within embryos. By morula and blastocyst stages,
      blastomeres differed from each other in fluorescence intensity although
      intracellular fluorescence was homogeneous. Transferred BPA antigen, present in
      both pronuclei, probably was absent from blastomere nuclei. Ootid zonae
      pellucidae contained BPA antigen but none was detected in zonae surrounding
      cleaving embryos. Little foreign albumin was detected in oviductal epithelium. It
      is concluded that morphological, as well as biochemical, differentiation occurs
      during mammalian cleavage and it is suggested that maternal macromolecular
      contributions to mammalian preimplantation embryos may be necessary for normal
      development in vivo.

PMID- 1205030
TI  - The roles of injury, nerves, and the wound epidermis during the initiation of
      amphibian limb regeneration.

PMID- 1205031
TI  - [Considerations on the rubella epidemic in Piemont in 1973].

PMID- 1205032
TI  - [Frequency of serologic conversion of complement fixing antibodies FC by
      respiratory viruses in cases of acute juvenile respiratory disease].
AB  - The complement fixation test, run on double samples of serum pertaining to 447
      children hospitalized between January 1971 and June 1974 at Ospedale Maggiore in
      Novara, or checked in consulting rooms for acute phlogosis of the respiratory
      organs, has permitted to detect in 241 children, equal to the 53,9% of the total
      cases, a significant increase of antibodies for respiratory viruses (Influenza A,
      B, C, Parainfluenza 1, 2, 3. Respiratory syncytial virus, Adenovirus, Reovirus).
      Specifically, in the 40,0% of the total cases, the serological conversion was
      evidenced for one virus only, and in the 13,8% for 2-3 viruses, raising in this
      last cases, questions concerning the diagnosis at a serological level.

PMID- 1205033
TI  - [Correlation between chemical carcinogenesis and immune response].
AB  - Methylcholanthrene, in amount sufficient to induce tumors in 100% of treated
      animals failed to influence primary and secondary phases of antibody synthesis in
      mice immunized with sheep erythrocytes and human serum albumin. The early immune
      response in tumor bearing mice was also indistinguischable from that of normal
      animals, despite the presence of marked splenomegaly in the former group.

PMID- 1205034
TI  - [Plasma concentrations of complement components C3, C4, and C3PA in juvenile
      nephropathies].
AB  - Complement profiles in children suffering for nephropathy have been investigated.
      The approach has proved useful in differentiating distinct nosologic entities.
      Plasma C3 and, to a lesser extent, C4 levels were found to be markedly reduced in
      glomerulonephritis and significantly increased in nephrotic syndrome. Although in
      both conditions plasma C3PA concentration ranges normally, additional data are
      request before assuming that alternate pathway is not involved. The extensive
      serial study of complement profiles should be widely adopted by clinicians
      managing nephropatic patients.

PMID- 1205035
TI  - [First results on the use of the direct agglutination reaction in the diagnosis
      of toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 1205036
TI  - [Clinical diagnosis of corrected transposition of the great vessels by bulbo
      ventricular inversion].
AB  - 29 cases of corrected transposition of great vessels (CTGV), of which 3 cases
      were isolated and 26 cases were associated with various malformations were
      studied. The aim was to make the diagnosis of CTGV were made evident, to
      differentiate those which came from the associated malformations. The specific
      signs for CTGV are as follows: 1) a slight systolic ejection murmur at the 2nd or
      3rd left intercostal space along the sternal margin; 2) a loud 2nd tone in the
      same focal zone. Specific radiographic signs are that: 1) the aortic arch comes
      up to sternal-costal articulation; 2) the inferior left margin has a convex form;
      3) in the right oblique-anterior projection it is possible to see 2 imprints on
      the opaque esophagus, which is represented by the aorta above and pulmonary
      artery below...

PMID- 1205038
TI  - Aneurysm of the pars membranacea of the interventricular septum.
AB  - Six cases of aneurysmal formation of the pars membranacea septi (AMS) are
      presented. Three cases associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and one
      with VSD, prolapse of the right aortic cusp and aorto-right ventricular fistula,
      were operated on and the aneurysm, unsuspected preoperatively, was found at the
      operating table. Two cases, both with aortic coarctation (CA), have been
      diagnosed on the basis of selective angiocardiography and operated solely for
      resection of the coarctation. In three patients a mild pulmonary infundibular
      pressure gradient was present at catheterization. This anomaly is considered
      rare. It has been reported to complicate surgery, may not require surgery, and is
      considered by some to be a prelude to spontaneous closure of a VSD. The English
      medical literature concerning aneurysm of the membranous septum has been reviewed
      and our opinions on the management of these patients are presented. Including our
      own six patients, we are aware of approximately one hundred and sixty five
      reported cases, with possibly an additional 16 cases to be added.

PMID- 1205037
TI  - [The congenital coronary artery fistula. Observations on seven cases (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The authors report seven cases of congenital coronary artery fistula observed in
      the Cardiology Department of Padua Medical School. The cardiopathy, the anatomo
      histological characteristics, evolution and embriology are described. The
      anamnesic, clinical, electrocardiographic, X-Ray, phonocardiogram, haemodynamic,
      and contrastographic findings for each case are given. They are discussed and
      interpreted in the light of the pathophysiology of the disease.

PMID- 1205039
TI  - The "inverted" pattern of the normal ventricular pressure curves: a syndrome with
      two possible angiocardiographic entities.
AB  - The "inverted" pattern of the normal ventricular pressure curves (VPCs) -- as
      herewith defined -- is considered a characteristic finding in patients with
      uncomplicated transposition of the great arteries (TGA). In more than 2,000
      consecutive cases of congenital heart disease, this pattern was recorded in 6
      patients. In all of them situs solitus was present with a large atrial septal
      defect (ASD) as the sole and obligatory defect. It is shown by angiocardiography
      in the "systemic" (venous) ventricle in all patients, that this ventricle is: I)
      the angiographic right ventricle in 5 patients, and II) the angiographic left
      ventricle in 1 patient. In I TGA with atrio-ventricular concordance (classic TGA)
      is diagnosed, while in II atrio-ventricular discordance with no TGA (isolated
      ventricular inversion) is diagnosed. In both instances a Mustard-type of
      operation is indicated. "Inverted" patterns of different magnitude are found.
      Therefore, as long as the pattern of VPCs is "inverted", differential diagnosis
      should be made during life between I classic TGA, and II isolated ventricular
      inversion.

PMID- 1205040
TI  - [Programmed atrial stimulation in the study of sinoatrial conduction in normal
      subjects (author's transl)].
AB  - Sinoatrial conduction was investigated in 18 normal subjects, using premature
      atrial depolarizations. The results obtained in this investigation were evaluated
      plotting the test cycle (expressed as difference between the basic sinus cycle
      and the test cycle as a percentage of the basic sinus cycle) as a function of the
      return cycle (expressed as difference between the return cycle and the basic
      cycle as a percentage of the basic sinus cycle). In normal subjects, premature
      atrial depolarizations elicited in the last 10-20% of the spontaneous sinus
      cycle, produced a progressive prolongation of the return cycle and the points
      correlating the return cycle index to the test cycle index fell above the
      diagonal of the plotting system. After earlier premature atrial stimulations, the
      return cycle stayed the same length, and the points correlating the return cycle
      index to the test cycle index fell along a line parallel to "y" axis (plateau).
      The mean value of the returning cycle (expressed as above) corresponding to the
      test cycles (evaluated as above) included in the first 5% of the "plateau" can be
      defined as the "sinoatrial conduction index". This index, the sum of conduction
      into and out of the sinus node, ranged from 79 msec to 187 msec. By assuming
      similar anterograde and retrograde conduction, the sinoatrial conduction time
      ranged from 39.5 msec to 97.5 msec (mean value 70 msec).

PMID- 1205041
TI  - [High-frequency electric stimulation of the atrium in treatment of
      supraventricular tachycardias and atrial flutter].
AB  - The authors report the results of rapid atrial stimulation in the treatment of 12
      cases of junctional tachycardia (J.T.), 20 cases of atrial tachycardia (A.T.) and
      43 cases of atrial flutter (A.F.). Sinus rhythm was restored in 91.6%, 70% and
      60.4% of the cases for J.T., A.T. and A.F. respectively, either when pacing was
      discontinued or following a period of atrial fibrillation (from a few minutes to
      several hours). Fifteen per cent of the cases of A.T. and 25.5% of the cases of
      A.F. turned into stable atrial fibrillation with reduction of ventricular rate.
      The authors believe that this technique is a valuable alternative to D.C.
      countershock when medical treatment has proved ineffective and when countershock
      may be hazardous.

PMID- 1205042
TI  - [The isoproterenol test in the electrocardiographic diagnosis of coronary
      insufficiency. Experience in 100 cases of ischemic cardiopathy].
AB  - Intravenous infusion of 10 to 30 gamma/min. of Isuprel for 3 to 7 minutes is
      accurate in diagnosing coronary disease in at least 80% of cases in our series of
      100 patients with segmental coronary artery stenoses of 50% or more, demonstrated
      by coronary angiography. By comparing these 100 patients with a control group of
      30 healthy subjects we can state that the late "ST" segment changes (persisting
      or appearing 3 minutes after stopping the infusion) are typical of coronary
      insufficiency. In patients without previous infarction, coronary insufficiency is
      expressed by a horizontal "ST" depression of 1 mm or more. In patients with
      previous infarction we observed either an "ST" depression or an "ST" elevation.
      The "ST" elevation, never observed in the control group, seems to have a
      different significance depending on whether or not a previous myocardial
      infarction has occurred. If there was no previous necrosis, severe coronary
      artery disease seems to be suggested and is a bad prognostic sign. This is not so
      if the patient has previously presented a myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1205043
TI  - [The contractile function of the left ventricle in pure mitral stenosis.
      Echocardiographic analysis].
AB  - The left ventricular performance in patients with mitral stenosis has been
      assessed by echocardiography, through the measurement of various parameters, such
      as the stroke volume, the ejection fraction (EF), the mean circumferential fiber
      shortening rate (VCF), the cardiac work and the left ventricular mass. Among
      these parameters only EF and VCF are statistically lowered in mitral disease, in
      comparison with their value for normal hearts: the mean value of EF is 0.62 in
      healthy people and 0.49 in mitralic patients; the mean value of the VCF rate is
      1.05 circ/s and 0.78 circ/s respectively. The cardiac work and power in the
      considered patients are on the average lower than normal values by about 10%, but
      not significantly so. A good correlation has been obtained between the left
      ventricular work and mass, whereas no correlation has been found between the
      ventricular wall thickness and the diameter of the left cavity, both measured at
      end-diastole. The quotient of the ventricular thickness and intracavity radius,
      in diastole, is equal to 0.38 in healthy people and 0.30 in mitralic patients.
      Lastly, the echocardiographic results and those of angiocardiographic literature
      were in agreement.

PMID- 1205044
TI  - Coronary circulation in patients with and without coronary artery disease and the
      effects of chewable isosorbide dinitrate.
AB  - Coronary arteriograms of 38 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD)
      were first evaluated to decide whether or not the disease was present and, if so,
      whether easily recognizable collateral channels were demonstrated. In this
      evaluation, we found CAD in 26 of the 38 patients. Eighteen of 21 patients with
      severe obstructions or occlusions had functioning collateral vessels. The films
      were then evaluated a second and third time to determine the effects of chewable
      isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on the coronary circulation. Visual inspection of the
      arteriograms revealed significant increases in 1) the apparent number and
      diameter of collateral vessels, 2) the opacification of vessels distal to
      occlusions, and 3) the diameter of coronary arteries following the administration
      of 2.5, 5, or 10 mg chewable ISDN. Computer analysis of the arteriograms showed
      an average 16% increase in the diameters of specific segments of major coronary
      arteries following ISDN. All patients showed some degree of vasodilatation
      following ISDN; however, patients without CAD consistently showed more
      vasodilatation than patients with disease. Mean aortic blood pressure decreased
      an average of 10% following ISDN. These results demonstrate that the chewable
      form of ISDN reliably dilates the coronary arteries in patients both with and
      without CAD and enhances the collateral circulation to the ischemic areas in
      patients with CAD.

PMID- 1205045
TI  - [Study of the carotid pulse with lead II (acceleration carotidogram) in
      cardiovascular diseases. Introductory note].
AB  - The relationship between heart dynamic and the carotid pulse has been studied by
      using the second derivative as a function of the time of the carotid pulse. This
      method permits a detailed analysis of the systolic phase of the carotid pulse: in
      protosystole a positive wave preceeds a negative wave and in telesystole a
      negative wave preceeds a positive wave. The morphology of the acceleration
      carotid pulse (CDA Carotidogramma Di Accelerazione), represented by a series of
      formulas which relate between themselves the protosystolic and the telesystolic
      waves, is a characteristic as well as statistically significant in each class of
      the cardiovascular disease in which we examined aortic insufficiency and
      stenosis, mitral insufficiency and stenosis, aortic angiosclerosis and
      hypokinetic myocardiopathy. We propose the use of the CDA for a precise analysis
      of the process of contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle. Since the
      acceleration with which a phenomenon evolves is the expression of the strength
      that has generated it, the CDA is particularly effective for the study myocardial
      dynamic.

PMID- 1205046
TI  - [The ventilation-perfusion ratio, with special reference to muscular exercise].
AB  - The values of VA/Q obtained at rest in 12 normal subjects undergoing cardiac
      catheterization in a supine position were between 0.63 and 1.695, with a mean of
      1.142 +/- 0.295. The VA/Q values obtained in another 10 healthy subjects tested
      in a sitting position with a rebreathing method for calculating Q. were somewhat
      less scattered (between 0.77 and 1.50), and also lower (mean 0.975 +/- 0.210). A
      highly significant correlation was demonstrated during muscular exercise on the
      bicycle ergometer (sitting position), both between oxygen consumption and
      alveolar ventilation and between oxygen consumption and cardiac output. However,
      since at various submaximal work loads cardiac output increased much less than
      alveolar ventilation, the overall VA/Q ratio showed a progressive increment with
      increasing oxygen consumption.

PMID- 1205047
TI  - [ABO blood-group phenotypes and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
      Congenital, rheumatic and coronaric heart disease and arterial hypertension
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Many cases of cardiovascular diseases have been examined in reference to the
      distribution of ABO blood-groups, in order to calculate the relative risk of
      disease and the hemogroupal distributive significance in our samples as related
      to those of other authors, using combined calculation. The analysis concerned the
      following cases: 746 with arterial hypertension, 3258 with congenital heart
      disease, 4503 with articular rheumatism, 1047 with acquired valvulopathia, and
      respective controls. It was found that blood-group phenotypes represent an
      important biophysiopathological action in regard to articular rheumatism and its
      cardiac consequences, in myocardial infarction and in hypertension, males only.
      On the contrary, no action in regard to congenital heart disease was found, with
      the exception of some single anomalies which have yet to be confirmed. This
      hemogroupal action greatly exceeds the one limited to the immunitary analogy and
      is a noticeable part of family heredity. It shows itself in: -- a significant
      negative association with group O and positive association with group A in the
      myocardial infarction; -- a significant negative association with group O and
      positive for the others in the valvulopathic (rheumatic) diseases; -- a positive
      association with A phenotype and negative with B in arterial hypertension, males
      only; -- no association with ABO blood-groups and congenital heart disease.

PMID- 1205048
TI  - [Evidence for circadian variability in the renin-angiotensin II system (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Circadian variations of P.R.A. and angiotensin II were studied in three normal
      subjects and nine hypertensive patients. All data were analysed by a mathematical
      statistical method called "cosinor". Analysis of results has shown: 1) Circadian
      rhythm of P.R.A. which in the normal subjects reaches its acrophase (maximum
      daily level) in the morning, while in the hypertensive patients the acrophase
      recurs in the afternoon; 2) Circadian rhythm of angiotensin II in the normal
      subjects, which is not detected in the hypertensive patients. Angiotensin I does
      not exhibit rhythm in both groups.

PMID- 1205049
TI  - [Completely interrupted aortic arch, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus
      arteriosus. A complete surgical correction in one procedure (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present a case of completely interrupted aortic arch (Type B)
      associated with ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus in a child
      3 years and 10 months old, who was successfully subjected to complete surgical
      correction in one procedure. The pre- and post-operative electrocardiographic and
      hemodynamic data are evaluated. The authors draw attention to the extreme rarity
      of surgical resolution, in one procedure, of this type of congenital heart
      disease.

PMID- 1205050
TI  - [Myocellular necrosis by cathecolamines in pheochromocytoma (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of myocellular necrosis by cathecholamines in a patient presenting
      pheocromocytoma is reported. Death was due to cerbral apoplexy. The histological
      findings are quite specific and show myofibrillar degeneration with substitution
      of the normal striation by coarse sarcomeric transversal bands. The possible role
      of necrosis by catecholamines in sudden deaths and non-coronary
      myocardiosclerosis is emphasized.

PMID- 1205051
TI  - [Bifascicular block: its course and prognostic significance in 52 cases followed
      up for 15 years].
AB  - The authors report the results of a 15 years follow-up in a group of 52 patients
      with right bundle branch block and left anterior hemiblock. The incidence of
      complete AV block and sudden death in this group is compared to the one observed
      in a suitable control group. Among the bifascicular block group there was only
      one sudden death and one case of complete AV block. However, the groups did not
      differ statistically for mortality rates and average survival time. The authors
      suggest that bifascicular blocks should be regarded as a mere risk factor for
      complete AV block.

PMID- 1205052
TI  - [Left anterior hemiblock in 4th phase in a patient with Prinzmetal's variant form
      of angina pectoris (author's transl)].
AB  - In the present study a patient with Prinzmetal's variant form of angina pectoris
      presenting intraventricular conduction disturbances (left anterior hemiblock in
      4th phase) is reported.

PMID- 1205053
TI  - [Letter to the editor. Rehabilitation time in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1205054
TI  - [Editorial: Sex behavior].

PMID- 1205055
TI  - [Recent advances in gyneco-obstetric endocrinology. I. Physiology and regulation
      of lactation].

PMID- 1205056
TI  - [Factors determining puberty].

PMID- 1205057
TI  - [Puerperium].

PMID- 1205058
TI  - [Hormonal function of the fetus and placenta].

PMID- 1205059
TI  - [Benign juvenile melanoma. Clinico-pathological study of 51 lesions].

PMID- 1205060
TI  - [Multiple deficiency syndrome in pediatric surgery].

PMID- 1205061
TI  - [Important facts in the study of incipient endometriosis and sterility].

PMID- 1205062
TI  - [Dissociative action of copper on the polysomes in the rat liver and brain. A
      possible pathogenic mechanism of Wilson's disease].

PMID- 1205063
TI  - [Editorial: Reciprocal influence between the Academia Nacional de Medicina and
      the Hospital General de Mexico].

PMID- 1205064
TI  - [Obstruction of the urinary tract. I. Introduction].

PMID- 1205065
TI  - [Physiology of urinary obstruction].

PMID- 1205066
TI  - [Congenital malformations of the urinary tract causing obstruction].

PMID- 1205067
TI  - [Urinary lithiasis and obstruction. Mexican data during 10 years in the center of
      the Mexican Republic].

PMID- 1205068
TI  - [Urinary obstruction of prostatic origin].

PMID- 1205070
TI  - [Criteria for the management of urinary obstructions].

PMID- 1205069
TI  - [Neoplasms of the uterine cervix and urinary obstruction].

PMID- 1205071
TI  - [Hospital infections].

PMID- 1205072
TI  - [Changes in the normal flora and development of infections added by the use of
      antibiotics].

PMID- 1205074
TI  - [The hospital as an integral health center].

PMID- 1205075
TI  - [Editorial: Financing medical care].

PMID- 1205073
TI  - [Use of hydroxyzine chloride in the treatment of chronic urticaria].

PMID- 1205076
TI  - [Increasing cost of medical care. I. Introduction].

PMID- 1205077
TI  - [Medical care and cost increase].

PMID- 1205078
TI  - [Medical care and structure of health services].

PMID- 1205080
TI  - [Advances in medicine and technology as factors of cost increases of medical
      care].

PMID- 1205079
TI  - [Education and research and increasing cost of medical care].

PMID- 1205081
TI  - [Socioeconomic factors that increase the cost of medical care].

PMID- 1205082
TI  - [Epidemiologic evaluation of measles control programs in Mexico].

PMID- 1205083
TI  - [Cerebellar hypoplasia. Report of 3 cases in a family].

PMID- 1205085
TI  - [Intersexuality, psychiatric management].

PMID- 1205084
TI  - [Genetic aspects of the intersexuality].

PMID- 1205086
TI  - [Editorial: Surgical infections. The bacterial universe].

PMID- 1205087
TI  - [Antimalaria campaign in the world and in Mexico. I. Introduction].

PMID- 1205088
TI  - [Malaria in the world. Social, economical and technical aspects].

PMID- 1205089
TI  - [Antimalaria campaign in the world and in Mexico. Vectors and pathogenic agents.
      Drugs and insecticides].

PMID- 1205090
TI  - [Malaria in Mexico].

PMID- 1205091
TI  - [Antimalaria campaign in the world and in Mexico. Strategy and technics of
      eradication].

PMID- 1205092
TI  - [Antimalaria campaign in the world and in Mexico. Conclusions].

PMID- 1205093
TI  - [Syndrome of the spinal duct due to narrowing of the lumbar region in patients of
      advanced age. Surgical treatment].

PMID- 1205094
TI  - Endoscopic chemodiagnosis. Improvement in the recognition of upper
      gastrointestinal disorders.

PMID- 1205095
TI  - Colonoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 1205096
TI  - The value of colonoscopy in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1205097
TI  - Endoscopy of ureterointestinal conduits and retrograde pyelography.

PMID- 1205098
TI  - Experimental electrocoagulation of dog gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1205099
TI  - An improved multi-purpose teaching attachment.

PMID- 1205100
TI  - Bacteremia following colonoscopy.

PMID- 1205101
TI  - Complications associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
      Results of the 1974 A/S/G/E survey.

PMID- 1205102
TI  - Endoscopic diagnosis of malignant melanoma metastatic to the duodenum.

PMID- 1205103
TI  - Parotid gland swelling developing during peroral endoscopy.

PMID- 1205104
TI  - Endoscopic extraction of an unusual colonic foreign body.

PMID- 1205105
TI  - Colitis cystica profunda: colonoscopic and pathological findings.

PMID- 1205106
TI  - Endoscopic marking of colonic lesions.

PMID- 1205107
TI  - Varices of the colon: diagnosis by colonoscopy.

PMID- 1205108
TI  - A/S/G/E guidelines for standards of training and practice.

PMID- 1205109
TI  - [Mathematical description of growth processes].

PMID- 1205110
TI  - [The vascularisation of the periorbita].
AB  - 1. The periorbita is extensively vascularised from the side of the bone and the
      orbita. The vessels are interconnected so that the periost is not vascular boder
      area. 2. In the periorbita of the adult there is a dense capillary plexus which
      is less close-meshed on the inside. 3. Meandrian arteries and vascular loops
      exceptionally as long as 6 mm were found in the inner layers of the periorbita
      and in the adjacent layers of the fat connective tissue. 4. Flat membranes of fat
      connective tissue which are connected with the inner layer of the periorbita by
      long vascular streaks about on the inner surfaces of the periorbita. 5. On the
      outer surface of the periorbita venules 40 to 60 mum wide were found entering the
      periorbital bone. In the fissures area further meandering venules and venes were
      found which open in the cavernous sinus (in addition to the Vv. ophthalmicae) or
      enter the bordering bone. 6. N. and A. infraorbitalis run outside of the
      periorbita. 7. The nerves leave the periorbita by special channels and run
      through near and husk-like processes of the periorbita which accompany them up to
      the outer periost. In the bone they five off bone vessels.

PMID- 1205111
TI  - [Does the weight of the brain depend on the body height?].
AB  - Brains of 1664 subjects (895 males and 769 females) aged from 20 to 89 years have
      been studied. The whole material being investigated was divided, within sex
      groups, into body-height classes and age classes. The class interval within the
      age classes was 10 years, that in height classes 5 cm. Mean arithmetics, standard
      deviations, standard error as well as coefficients of variation and correlation
      for respective classes have been calculated. It has been ascertained that the
      brain weight depends on the body height. In tall subjects no brains of extremely
      low absolute weight are encountered and, adversely, high brain weight is seldom
      met in short individuals. The body height also exerts certain influence upon the
      relative weight of the brain. More favourable proportion between the brain weight
      and the body length has been revealed in short subjects. Tall individuals are
      characterized by a low relative weight of the brain. It should be supposed that
      the spinal cord weight is higher in the latter subjects. The differences between
      the mean absolute weight of women's brains and that in men of the same age class
      are conditioned by the difference in the body length. A constant magnitude of
      difference in the mean brain weight in subjects of the same body height claims
      100 g. The paper provides 2 enclosed tables representing obtained results for
      arithmetic mean of the absolute brain weight both in the age classes and body
      height classes. The differences between the mean weights of brains in women as
      well as in men are not significant. The coefficient of correlation between the
      brain weight and the body height is for men r male1 = 0.2008 for women r female1
      = 0.2630, wherease the coefficient of regression for the brain weight is r male2
      = 3.67 and r female2 = 3.906 respectively.

PMID- 1205112
TI  - Studies on the morphology of the gills and gill arches with reference to the
      blood supply in Notopterus motopterus and Colisa fasciatus.
AB  - The morphology of the gills, with their blood supply have been described in
      Notopterus notopterus and Colisa fasciatus in some detail. Gills are curved and
      perforated on the dorsolateral and ventrolateral wall of the pharynx. The gills
      consist of 2 rows of filaments which are stacked one above the other to form a
      space. The gill filaments are smaller on both the ends and larger in middle. The
      gill filaments are of pink colour as they are supplied with blood. Gill rakers
      are large in size in Notopterus notopterus while they are small in Colisa
      fasciatus. 3 pairs of basibranchials are present in Notopterus notopterus which
      are covered by median membranous bony plate while 2 basibranchials are present in
      Colisa fasciatus. 3 pairs of hypobranchials are present in both fishes. 5 pairs
      of ceratobranchials are present in which Vth ceratobranchial bears teeth. 4 pairs
      of epibranchials are present. 3 pairs of pharyngobranchials are present in which
      the tip of the IVth pharyngobranchial bears minute teeth in Notopterus notopterus
      while in Colisa fasciatus IInd and IIIrd pharyngobranchial bear minute ones. One
      afferent branchial vessel is present in Notopterus notopterus and Colisa
      fasciatus in each gill like in other teleostean fishes. One efferent branchial
      vessel is present in each gill of Notopterus notopterus while in Colisa fasciatus
      2 efferent are represented in each gill.

PMID- 1205113
TI  - [Details of the muscular and nervous system in the anterior member of Sphenodon
      punctatus (reptiles-Rhynchocephales)].
AB  - Sphenodom is the only Lepidosaurian with an organisation of the nervous ways in
      the anterior member which constitute an important stage in tetrapod evoluation.
      Squamata are exceptions. The radial nerve is developed and possesses the most
      important part of the fibres for the dorsal muscles of the forearm. The flexor
      canal is separated into 2 voluminous trunks.

PMID- 1205114
TI  - Hypertrophic changes in the ovarian chromaffin tissue (catechol storing tissue)
      under the influence of the pituitary and its theoretical implications in the
      teleost fish, Nandus nandus.
AB  - Evidence is presented in this work for the existence of a special chromaffin
      tissue in the ovary of the percoid teleost fish, Nandus and its hypertrophy under
      the influence of the pituitary extracts. The relationship between the pituitary
      and the ovary has been discussed from various viewpoints and the secretions of
      the ovarian chromaffin tissue and the interrenal are suggested as the possible
      mediators in the process of maturation and ovulation in the teleost fishes.

PMID- 1205115
TI  - Control of yolk protein synthesis by octopus gonadotropin in vivo and in vitro
      (effects of octopus gonadotropin).

PMID- 1205116
TI  - Hormonal and metabolite effects on plasma free fatty acids in the northern pike,
      Esox lucius L.

PMID- 1205117
TI  - Changes in urinary bladder and kidney function in the starry flounder (Platichtys
      stellatus) in response to prolactin and to freshwater transfer.

PMID- 1205118
TI  - [Influence of environmental salinity on blood ion concentration of the intact and
      hypophysectomized axolotl. Effect of prolactin].

PMID- 1205119
TI  - Hemopoietic response to male hormone in the chequered water-snake, Natrix
      piscator.

PMID- 1205120
TI  - Aspects of intermediary metabolism and insulin level in the penguin (Pygocellis
      papua).

PMID- 1205121
TI  - Effects of thyroid hormone on the chemical constituents of different tissues of
      the chequered water-snake, Natrix piscator.

PMID- 1205122
TI  - A preliminary investigation of the effect of bovine growth hormone on growth and
      muscle composition of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).

PMID- 1205123
TI  - [Effects of beta estradiol on thymidine kinase activity of the immature oviduct
      of the triton Pleurodeles waltilii Michah].

PMID- 1205124
TI  - Marginal overdominance in Drosophila.
AB  - A reanalysis of Drosophila viability data was undertaken to determine the role of
      genotype-environment interactions in the maintenance of polymorphism. Between
      replicate variances of viabilities in chromosomal homozygotes and heterozygotes
      with the same mean fitnesses were compared, with the expectation that if the
      heterozygote variance were on the average greater, conditional overdominance
      would be prevalent; if it were less, partial dominance would be prevalent; and if
      it were the same, marginal overdominance of the type considered by Wallace (1968)
      would be the prevalent type of variation. In fact, heterozygote variance was
      slightly less. The work of Dempster (1955) and of Gillespie and Langley (1974) is
      cited to show that this situation can still lead to balanced polymorphisms. Their
      general model for genetic variation in populations, consistent with the viability
      data, is reinforced.

PMID- 1205125
TI  - Genetic drift in clines which are maintained by migration and natural selection.
AB  - Genetic drift will cause a migration-selection cline to wobble about its expected
      position. A rough linear approximation is developed, valid when local populations
      are large. This is used to calculate effects of genetic drift on clines in a
      stepping-stone model with abrupt and with gradual changes of selection
      coefficients at a single haploid locus. Among the quantities calculated are
      measures of slope, standardized variation of gene frequencies around their
      expected values, and correlation among neighboring populations with respect to
      deviations from the expected gene frequencies. These quantities appear to be
      primarily functions of Ns and Nm for a given pattern of selection. Computer
      simulation gives rough confirmation of these results. Standardized variances of
      gene frequencies and correlation of neighbors differ along the cline in the case
      of smooth changes in selection. In no case is pathological behavior of gene
      frequency deviations found near the boundaries of selective regions. Local
      behavior of gene frequences of nearby colonies is approximately predicted by a
      simple adaptation of the stepping-stone theory of Kimura and Weiss. Approximate
      measures of the lateral variation of the midpoint of a cline and the probability
      of non-monotonicity are also calculated and discussed.

PMID- 1205126
TI  - Genetic drift in a cline.
AB  - A model is developed of genetic drift in a cline maintained by spatially varying
      natural selection and local dispersal of individuals. The model is analyzed by an
      approximation scheme which is valid for weak selection and small migration rates.
      The results, which are based on numerical iterations of the approximate
      equations, are that the cline is less steep than predicted on the basis of the
      deterministic theory but that for weak selection the correlation between random
      fluctuations in neighboring colonies is approximately the same as in models of
      migration and drift in the absence of selection.

PMID- 1205127
TI  - Genetic heterozygosity in unreplicated bacteriophage lambda recombinants.
AB  - Bacteriophage crosses using density-labeled parents have been carried out under
      conditions restricting DNA synthesis. The parental material and genetic
      contributions to progeny manifesting recombination within a genetic interval
      sufficiently short to exhibit high negative interference have been examined. The
      unreplicated products of recombination isolated as phage particles appear to
      contain long continuous heteroduplex regions which are heterozygous for the
      closely linked markers. Recombination between closely linked markers seems to be
      the consequence of the removal of base-pair mismatches that are present within
      the heteroduplex regions. This localized reduction of heterozygosity within the
      heteroduplex regions that join the parental components of recombinant DNA
      molecules can account for high negative interference.

PMID- 1205128
TI  - Mutant enrichment in the colonial alga, Eudorina elegans.
AB  - An enrichment procedure has been developed that results in at least a 200 X
      increase in mutation frequency in the colonial alga, Eudorina elegans. A period
      of nitrogen starvation followed by treatment with 8-azaguanine results in the
      death of wild-type cells and the maintenance of mutants. N'-nitro-N-nitro
      soguanidine-induced acetate, p-aminobenzoic acid and reduced nitrogen requiring
      mutants have been isolated by this procedure.

PMID- 1205129
TI  - Distribution among the chromosomes of Drosophila pseudoobscura of the genes
      governing the response to light.
AB  - Most strains of Drosophila pseudoobscura are neutral to light when tested in
      phototactic mazes. However, clear-cut photopositive and photogenative populations
      are obtained by selection over a series of generations. The genetic nature of the
      differences between the positive and negative populations has been studied in
      crosses in which the three large autosomes carried mutant markers. All
      chromosomes contain genes which influence the response to light. The third
      chromosome has the strongest effect, followed by the second, the X, and the
      fourth chromosomes. This seriation is not in proportion to the relative lengths
      of the chromosomes. Either the effective genes are not very numerous, or some of
      them exert stronger influences than others.

PMID- 1205130
TI  - Diallel analysis of growth traits in mice.
AB  - Two replications of a complete diallel cross experiment were performed among four
      partially inbred lines of mice. These inbred lines originated from a random-bred
      ICR strain and were produced by 12 generations of full sibbing (F congruent to
      92%). Individual body weight was recorded for each animal at 12, 21, 42 and 56
      days of age. Body weight gain traits were examined for intervals 12-21, 21-42 and
      42-56 days. Simultaneous least squares analyses of inbred and linecrossed groups
      were used. Sex differences were highly significant for all traits. Replicate
      differences were significant but made a small contribution to the total
      variation. Inbred lines differed greatly. Crosses showed growth trends similar to
      their contemporary maternal and paternal inbreds. Heterosis was highly
      significant for all traits except 21-day weight. Inbreds were heavier at 12 days
      of age, but linecrossed progeny were superior to inbreds for all postweaning
      weights. General combining ability was highly significant for 12- and 56-day
      weights and 21-42-day gain. Specific combining ability was highly significant for
      21-day weight, 12-21- and 42-56-day gain. Significant maternal effects were found
      for all individual weights but not for 12-21- and 21-42-day gain. Residual
      reciprocal effects were significant for all traits. Estimated variances among
      linecrossed groups contained a large maternal component, a fluctuating additive
      genetic component and consistent non-additive genetic influence on all growth
      parameters measured.

PMID- 1205131
TI  - Studies on the nature and function of polygenic loci in Drosophila. III. Veinlet
      modifiers having region-specific effects upon the vein pattern.
AB  - Polygenic modifiers affecting the expression of the mutant veinlet were studied
      to determine whether each acts specifically upon one vein or wing region or
      whether they affect the venation pattern in some general way. Selection
      experiments showed that the L4 vein can be modified independently of the L2 and
      L3 veins. Similarly, the L2 vein can be shortened while the L3 is selected to be
      longer, although there is some interdependence between the L2 and L3 veins.
      Assays of heterozygous whole chromosome effects show that different chromosomes
      are involved in the responses of separate veins, and one polygenic locus causing
      a decrease in L4 vein length has been isolated. Substitutions of whole
      chromosomes from selection lines into unselected backgrounds of non-homologous
      mutants demonstrate that the selected modifiers have the same qualitative effects
      upon other mutants having similar phenotypes. These results support the
      hypothesis that the polygenic modifiers affecting veinlet expression function
      independently of the veinlet locus, presumably by influencing common steps in the
      developmental processes leading to the formation of individual veins.

PMID- 1205132
TI  - Natural selection for within-generation variance in offspring number II. Discrite
      haploid models.
AB  - In the classical model of genetic drift in population genetics theory, use is
      made of a hypothetical "infinite-gametic pool". If, instead, the gametic pool is
      determined by the random number of offspring per individual, a new form of
      natural selection acting on the variance in offspring number occurs. A diffusion
      model of this selection process is derived and some of its properties are
      explored. It is shown that, independent of the sampling scheme used, the
      diffusion equation has the drift coefficient M(p) = p(1-p) (mul--mu2 + sigma2e2-
      sigma2el) and the diffusion coefficient v(p) equals p(1-p) [psigma2e2 + (l-
      p)sigma2el]. It is also pointed out that the Direct Product Branching process
      model of genetic drift introduces a non-biological interaction between
      individuals and is thus inappropriate for modeling natural selection.

PMID- 1205133
TI  - Freedom of enquiry.

PMID- 1205134
TI  - Genetic modification of recombination rate in Tribolium castaneum.
AB  - Asymmetrical responses were obtained in a replicated study of 15 generations of
      two-way selection for recombination rate between the ruby (rb) and jet (j) loci
      in Tribolium castaneum. Recombination rates in the two replicate high lines
      increased from an average of 0.22 in the base populations to an average of 0.42
      at generation 15. Recombination rate pooled over the 15 generations of selection
      in each low line was significantly less than the control but there was no clear
      downward trend in response to selection for decreased recombination rate. The
      realized heritabilities were 0.16 +/- 0.03 and 0.17 +/- 0.02 in the two high
      lines, and were not significantly different from zero in the two low lines.
      Selection was based on crossing over in cis females only; however, rates measured
      in cis males after 12 generations showed the same response patterns as female
      rates. Similar response patterns were also determined for recombination measured
      in trans males and females at generation 18 following three generations of
      relaxed selection. The distribution of recombination rates measured in backcross
      beetles [(H X L) X H and (H X L) X L] at generation 12 indicated  polygenic
      control with those genes decreasing recombination rate being dominant. Detailed
      analysis of recombination rates in F1's produced by interline crosses at
      generation 15 confirmed the directional dominance findings. Under a polygenic
      model of recombination modifiers in which low recombination is dominant to high,
      average recombination rates will increase as inbreeding progresses, thus
      providing a mechanism for the production of new gene combinations in small
      populations.

PMID- 1205135
TI  - Population genetics of euphydryas butterflies. I Genetic variation and the
      neutrality hypothesis.
AB  - Twenty-one populations of the checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas editha, and ten
      populations of Euphydryas chalcedona were sampled for genetic variation at eight
      polymorphic enzyme loci. Both species possessed loci that were highly variable
      from population to population and loci that were virtually identical across all
      populations sampled. Our data indicate that the neutrality hypothesis is
      untenable for the loci studied, and therefore selection is indicated as the major
      factor responsible for producing these patterns. Thorough ecological work allowed
      gene flow to be ruled out (in almost all instances) as a factor maintaining
      similar gene frequencies across populations. The Lewontin-Krakauer test indicated
      magnitudes of heterogeneity among standardized variances of gene frequencies
      inconsistent with the neutrality hypothesis. The question of whether or not to
      correct this statistic for sample size is discussed. Observed equitability of
      gene frequencies of multiple allelic loci was found to be greater than that
      predicted under the neutrality hypothesis. Genetic differentiation persisting
      through two generations was found between the one pair of populations known to
      exchange significant numbers of individuals per generation. Two matrices of
      genetic distance between populations, based on the eight loci sampled, were found
      to be significantly correlated with a matrix of environmental distance, based on
      measures of fourteen environmental parameters. Correlations between gene
      frequencies and environmental parameters, results of multiple regression
      analysis, and results of principle component analysis showed strong patterns of
      association and of "explained" variation. The correlation analyses suggest which
      factors might be further investigated as proximate selective agents.

PMID- 1205136
TI  - [Effect of carbon monoxide on white rats with the goitrogenic reaction].

PMID- 1205137
TI  - [Mobile method of determination of fluorides in drinking water].

PMID- 1205138
TI  - [Noise of a rolling mill and its influence on the bodies of workers].

PMID- 1205139
TI  - [Sanitary evaluation of polymers and other synthetic materials in contact with
      food products].

PMID- 1205140
TI  - [Morphofunctional study of mast cells under the influence of 1,2,3
      trichlorpropane and tetrachlorethylene].

PMID- 1205141
TI  - [Toxicity and mechanism of action of N-maleimide derivatives--new vulcanizing
      agents for synthetic rubber].

PMID- 1205142
TI  - [Results of long-term observation of the radiation conditions in the region of
      the I. V. Kurchatov Beloiarsk Atomic Power Plant].

PMID- 1205143
TI  - [Physiological evaluation of the level of calcium in desalinated drinking water].

PMID- 1205144
TI  - [Hygienic study for the standardization of octogen in water reservoirs].

PMID- 1205145
TI  - [Study for the hygienic standardization of N-butylamines in water reservoirs].

PMID- 1205146
TI  - [Age changes in the work capacity of textile workers].

PMID- 1205147
TI  - [Hygienic aspects of use in the food industry of concentrated pastes based on
      polyvinylchloride plastisols].

PMID- 1205148
TI  - [International women's year].

PMID- 1205149
TI  - [Changes in the mental and physical work capacity of girls during the menstrual
      cycle].

PMID- 1205150
TI  - [Influence of the daily regime on the functional state of the organism of
      students of a secondary professional technical school being trained in the
      specialty of turner].

PMID- 1205152
TI  - [News in the hygienic standardization of the microclimate of ships' quarter's
      equipped with air conditioning].

PMID- 1205151
TI  - [Hygienic standardization of factors of the external environment in locomotive
      cabins and cars].

PMID- 1205153
TI  - [Radioactive aerosols at atomic electric plants].

PMID- 1205154
TI  - [Some methodological approaches to the study of the complex influences of the
      external environment of populated places on the health of the population].

PMID- 1205155
TI  - [Some problems in improving the training of public health physicians].

PMID- 1205156
TI  - [System of centralization of the administration of the sanitary-epidemiologic
      service].

PMID- 1205157
TI  - [Forms and effectiveness of the application in practice of the results of
      scientific research work to the problems of public and municipal health].

PMID- 1205158
TI  - [Selection of daily air samples of atmospheric air].

PMID- 1205159
TI  - [Automatic sewage sampler].

PMID- 1205160
TI  - [Extraction-photometric determination of mercury in soils and waters].

PMID- 1205161
TI  - [Method of study of factors of the industrial environment in the heterogeneity of
      O- and Vi-antibodies].

PMID- 1205162
TI  - [Method of study of information gathering in physiologo-psychological studies].

PMID- 1205163
TI  - [Means of preventing thermal pollution of water reservoirs by the waste waters of
      atomic electric plants].

PMID- 1205164
TI  - [Pollution of the atmospheric air with formaldehyde].

PMID- 1205165
TI  - [Some peculiarities of the hygienic interpretation of the parameters of
      toxicometry (response to the article by E. I. Liublina and M.I. Mikheev)].

PMID- 1205166
TI  - [Experience in the work of an interregional zonal sanitary-epidemiologic
      station].

PMID- 1205167
TI  - [Peculiarities of dust formation in the quarries of non-ferrous metals in the
      southern Urals].

PMID- 1205168
TI  - [Sanitary processing of the work clothes of industrial workers].

PMID- 1205169
TI  - [Perinatal cerebral lesions: topography, determining factors].

PMID- 1205170
TI  - [Evaluation of a therapeutic scheme in eclampsia (2d report)].

PMID- 1205171
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cardiotocography out of childbirth. Preliminary report].

PMID- 1205172
TI  - [Radiologic cephalopelvimetry. Analysis of 111 cases].

PMID- 1205173
TI  - [The age of menarche on the Mexican plateau. Analysis and statistic probability].

PMID- 1205174
TI  - [Systemic analgesia in labor (comparative study of 3 drug combinations)].

PMID- 1205175
TI  - [Tubal occlusion with hysteroscopic control].

PMID- 1205177
TI  - [Manchester's operation].

PMID- 1205176
TI  - [Therapeutic evaluation of cyclofenil as an ovulation inducer].

PMID- 1205178
TI  - [Ovarian tumors. Its incidence in the Hospital de Cd. Victoria, Tamps].

PMID- 1205179
TI  - [Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality caused by application of Salinas'
      forceps].

PMID- 1205180
TI  - [Delivery and cervico-uterine intraepithelial carcinoma].

PMID- 1205181
TI  - [Psychosexual changes in contraception].

PMID- 1205182
TI  - [Gelatin polymerization vs. low molecular weight dextran (gasometric and
      hemodynamic variations in cesarean section)].

PMID- 1205183
TI  - [Hygienic aspects of the biological effect of ultraviolet irradiation in industry
      (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1205184
TI  - [Peculiarities of the microclimate and characteristics of the work operations of
      workers in manufacturing departments of glass factories of various types].

PMID- 1205185
TI  - [Improvement of the air environment in the zone of operation of the machine for
      production of rayon fiber by the continuous method].

PMID- 1205186
TI  - [Influence of a variable magnetic field of industrial frequency (50 Hz) on
      metabolic processes in the organs of rats].

PMID- 1205187
TI  - [Toxicity of dimethylcyanamide].

PMID- 1205188
TI  - [Combined effects of 2,6-dimethylphenol and methanol].

PMID- 1205189
TI  - [Pathogenesis and treatment of manganese induced Parkinsonism].

PMID- 1205191
TI  - [Sanitary-chemical methods of determination of noxious substances encountered in
      the production of sodium salts of monochloracetic acids].

PMID- 1205190
TI  - [Influence of succimer on the state of the peripheral blood and bone marrow
      hemopoiesis in subacute experimental poisoning with lead acetate].

PMID- 1205192
TI  - [Teaching industrial toxicology as the most important part of the training of
      sanitary-industrial physicians].

PMID- 1205193
TI  - [Experimental stand for simulation of the working posture and work of machine
      tool operators].

PMID- 1205194
TI  - [Physiologo-hygienic evaluation of the working conditions of operators in oxygen
      convertor smelting of steel].

PMID- 1205195
TI  - [Physiologo-hygienic evaluation of the work strain of women workers in fine
      drawing in cable producing factories].

PMID- 1205196
TI  - [Peculiarities of the microclimate and air exchange in the assembly of radio
      receivers].

PMID- 1205197
TI  - [Color perception under conditions of illumination by means of new gas-discharge
      sources of light].

PMID- 1205198
TI  - [Elastic-viscous properties of the arterial vessels in persons in contact with
      some pesticides].

PMID- 1205199
TI  - [Experimental study of fluorite pneumoconiosis].

PMID- 1205200
TI  - [Permeability of the histo-hematic barriers in patients with chronic poisoning by
      nitro-derivatives of toluol].

PMID- 1205201
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the indices of the functional state of the liver of
      rats in trichlorethylene poisoning].

PMID- 1205202
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of ethylenimine and monoethanolamine in the urine].

PMID- 1205203
TI  - [Combined influence of carbon monoxide and metallic mercury vapors on the
      organism of experimental animals].

PMID- 1205204
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of the sorbtion properties and permeability of chemically
      resistant materials (coatings) to mercury vapor and its orgnanic compounds].

PMID- 1205205
TI  - [Development and course of changes in the cardiovascular system in chronic carbon
      disulfide poisoning].

PMID- 1205206
TI  - [Use of rheohepatography in the diagnosis of toxic chemical lesions of the liver
      in persons working with tetramethylthiuram disulfide].

PMID- 1205207
TI  - [Characteristics of the action on the human body of intermittent low-frequency
      vibration in the work site].

PMID- 1205208
TI  - [Utilization of spectral analysis of the summational electromyogram (EMG) in
      studying the action of vibration on the human neuromuscular system].

PMID- 1205209
TI  - [Potentiation of the carcinogenic activity in the joint action of hydrazobenzene
      and benzidine sulfate].

PMID- 1205210
TI  - [Experimental carcinogenic action of chrysostile-asbestos dust].

PMID- 1205212
TI  - [Data on the toxicity characteristics of iodine vapors under conditions of
      increased air temperature (experimental data)].

PMID- 1205211
TI  - [Morphological and histochemical characteristics of the aorta and intramural
      vessels of the myocardium in experimental sodium bichromate poisoning].

PMID- 1205213
TI  - [Problems of the reliability of ventilation systems].

PMID- 1205214
TI  - [Distribution of neuroses among pharmaceutical employees].

PMID- 1205215
TI  - [Methodological possibilities of evaluating the functional state of the
      cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems in the clinic].

PMID- 1205216
TI  - [Physiological and hygienic charactersitics of the working conditions and the
      state of health of lift truck operators].

PMID- 1205217
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the megakaryocytes in acute experimental lead poisoning].

PMID- 1205218
TI  - [Practical use of the model PPT-1 and OP-5122 polarographs].

PMID- 1205219
TI  - [Determination of tellurium in the air of industrial enterprises].

PMID- 1205220
TI  - [Method of determining the amount of melamine in the urine and blood].

PMID- 1205222
TI  - [Multifocal placenta localization with the use of In-113m isotope].

PMID- 1205221
TI  - [Some problems of work hygiene in the use of polychlorocamphene in sugar beet
      growing].

PMID- 1205223
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the cervico-isthmical incompetence in pregnancy].

PMID- 1205224
TI  - [Treatment of threatened and habitual abortions with Turinal preparations].

PMID- 1205225
TI  - [Use of luminal in the conservative treatment of ABO group serological
      isoimmunization in newborn infants].

PMID- 1205227
TI  - [Acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in vagina fluid in healthy women and in
      women with planoepithelial cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 1205226
TI  - [Acid-base eqilibrium in the mother and infant newborn in protracted pregnancy].

PMID- 1205228
TI  - [Cystadenocarcinoma mucinosum of the ovary simulating pregnancy in its clinical
      course].

PMID- 1205229
TI  - [Comparative use of HCG and 2-nd IRP-HMG standards in the radioimmunological
      determination of the luteinizing hormone].

PMID- 1205230
TI  - Growth of the pig: changes in body weight and body fluid compartments.
AB  - Body weight and the rate of change in TBW, ECW, and ICW were measured in 252
      anesthetized pigs during the first 12 weeks after birth. After TBW was measured
      with 3H2O, 55 of the pigs were killed and TBW measured by desiccation. 3H2O
      overestimated TBW by 6.5% of body weight and 4.9% of fat-free wet weight,
      compared to desiccation (P less than 0.001); mean figures for 3H2O were 78.6 +/-
      1.02% of body weight, and for desiccation, 72.1 +/- 0.45%; on a FFWW basis, 88.6
      +/- 0.94% for 3H2O, and 83.7 +/- 0.13% for desiccation. TBW decreased
      significantly from 85.0% of body weight at birth (1.5 dg) to 75% at 5 kg (day 28)
      at a rate of ---3.2% body wt/kg body wt (P less than 0.001 from a zero rate).
      After that the rate of decrease was not different from zero: --0.117% body wt/kg
      body wt. ECW decreased significantly from 48% at birth to 35% at day 28 at a rate
      of --3.802% body wt/kg body wt (P less than 0.001 from a zero rate), and after
      day 28 the rate of decrease was not different from zero (--0.149% body wt/kg body
      wt) through week 12. ICW decreased, but not significantly, at a rate of --0.099%
      body wt/kg body wt. The changes in the rate of decrease in TBW and ECW coincided
      with weaning, and it was speculated that there was a direct relationship between
      the two events.

PMID- 1205231
TI  - Growth characteristics of intact and hypophysectomized female hamsters. The
      effect of bovine growth hormone on hypophysectomized hamsters.
AB  - Post-weaning growth data, including body length, body weight, and several
      visceral organ weights, were collected for intact and hypophysectomized female
      hamsters aged 4 to 12 weeks. In addition, hypophysectomized hamsters were treated
      with bovine growth hormone for a period of six weeks and the effects examined.

PMID- 1205232
TI  - Growth, development and chemical composition of the pig. III. Bone, ash and
      moisture.
AB  - Growth and development of bone and the ash and moisture contents in the body of
      the growing pig were studied in a group of 90 animals, representing 12 weight
      groups and a live weight range of 10-132 kg. The average daily increase in body
      moisture was more rapid in the 10-34 kg animals than in subsequent weight groups.
      Beyond 34 kg the increase in moisture was more gradual and linear. The average
      daily gain of ash was almost linear over the weight range of 10 to 90 kg, but
      showed a decline from 90 to 132 kg. Length and width of the femur showed a
      similar growth pattern. From cross-sectional areas it appears that bone tissue
      develops somewhat faster in the shoulder and back than in the ham and loin. It is
      apparent from comparisons with growth curves reported in the literature that the
      animals used in the present study were much later maturing than those reported on
      during the thirties and forties. This could be the result of continued selection
      for leaner animals.

PMID- 1205233
TI  - The growing conceptus of the domestic cat.
AB  - The feline conceptus is similar to larger mammals rather than to rodents in the
      amounts of fetal fluids and the contribution of the fetus to the total volume of
      the conceptus. When growth rates of several mammals are compared as Gompertzian
      functions, the feline fetus is more similar to that of the guinea pig or beagle
      than that of the mouse, rat, man, sheep or cow. The feline Gompertzian growth
      starts at about the 6th day of gestation. The weight of the fetus, +/- 10%, as a
      function of gestational age starting on day 28 is: Weight in grams = 2.6477 X 10(
      10) exp (see article) when t = gestational age of 28 days or more. The feline
      weight to crown-rump relationship can most easily be expressed as a power
      function where: Crown-rump length in cm = 2.69 (weight in grams) 0.3508; with an
      error term of +/- 5%. The relationship of three variables gestational age, fetal
      weight, and fetal crown-rump length can also be expressed mathematically:
      Gestational age in days = 15.335 + 3.9805 (crown-rump length in cm) -0.0675
      (weight in grams) Equations for crown-rump length or weight were calculated, but
      the inaccuracy of these expressions is too great to allow practical use.

PMID- 1205234
TI  - Hemoglobin values and organ weights in fast and slow growing rats at the time of
      weaning.
AB  - Three experimental groups of newborn rats were formed according to the number of
      animals suckled by one dam: fast growing animals (4 per litter), normally growing
      animals (8 per litter) and slow growing animals (16 per litter). All the animals
      were killed on the 21st day of life and the following data were collected:
      hemoglobin and hematocrit values, body weight and the weights of heart, kidney,
      liver and spleen. The results were statistically analyzed according to
      experimental group and also in relation to body weight with all rats treated as a
      single group. Hemoglobin concentration was highest in the smallest animals,
      gradually declining towards the lowest values around the normal body weight with
      a subsequent increase in the heaviest animals. The relationship between the organ
      weights and body weight followed an allometric formula. The slopes of the lines
      alpha were close to 1 in case of the heart, kidney and liver, indicating the
      growth of these organs proportional to the growth of the total body. The spleen
      grows faster than the total body in this experimental situation (alpha = 1.6).

PMID- 1205235
TI  - Comparison of ontogenetic brain growth in marine and coastal dolphins.
AB  - In young postnatal individuals, brain growth proceeds at a much faster rate in
      the high seas dolphin Stenella than in the coastal waters form Pontoporia, and
      the encephalization is much higher in the former than in the latter. In prenatal
      Stenella, brain growth is also very rapid. These results agree with indices of
      brain progression estimated for several families (Platinistidae, Delphinidae,
      Delphinapteridae, Phocoenidae). The possibility that the difference is related to
      more demanding conditions of life in marine than in coastal or inland
      environments is discussed.

PMID- 1205236
TI  - Protein synthesis, development, growth and life span.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that reduced protein synthesis may increase life span by
      retarding genetic informational transfer during early life and reducing the use
      of the genetic code and thereby minimizing genetic imperfections as they may
      occur during late life, two approaches were used. In the first protein synthesis
      was depressed by the administration of cycloheximide, in the second by reducing
      the dietary protein level. One-day-old chick embryos were injected with either
      0.8 gamma or 1.0 gamma of cycloheximide. On the second and third day of
      incubation both stage of development and heart rate were lower in the treated
      embryos. Growth was retarded throughout the 17 days of incubation as measured by
      size and DNA contents. As estimated by the activities of various enzymes per unit
      DNA, cells of the treated embryos were the same as normal ones of the same age.
      Sixteen-month-old female Wistar rats which had been previously maintained on a
      commercial diet (23.4% protein) were fed diets which contained either 24, 12, 8
      or 4% casein throughout their remaining life span. Except for a lowering of the
      body weights of the animals fed the 4% casein diet, the body weights of the
      remaining animals were unchanged. Reducing the dietary protein level from 24% to
      12% increased the life span (25%) of the animals.

PMID- 1205237
TI  - High power polynomial regression for the study of distance, velocity and
      acceleration of growth.
AB  - A technique is given to use high power polynomials of logarithms of age, up to
      order 18, to describe, as exactly as possible with the given data, the growth as
      such, the growth velocity and acceleration of any desired parameter in function
      of age. E.g., this can be done for height or weight in children and for blood
      pressure or serum cholesterol or serum uric acid a.s.o. in children and adults.
      The growth velocity and acceleration are given at any age between the observation
      limits, in a dimensionless and in a linear form. Although the linear velocity id
      clinically more easy to understand, the dimensionless growth velocity has many
      advantages. Among them, it makes it possible to compare, e.g., the growth of
      weight and height or of blood pressure and serum cholesterol in the same
      individual or in the same population at a given age or it permits the comparison
      between individuals, between different populations or within the same population,
      but at different ages, of the same parameter (e.g., height, serum cholesterol
      a.s.o.). The comparison of growth velocity between different species is also
      preferably done with the dimensionless growth velocity.

PMID- 1205238
TI  - [Case of surgical treatment of thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 1205239
TI  - [Complete congenital absence of the pericardium].

PMID- 1205240
TI  - [Angioma of the pericardium].

PMID- 1205241
TI  - [Rare case of anomaly of the coronary vessels].

PMID- 1205242
TI  - [Simultaneous operation of removing echinococcal cysts of the lung and
      myocardium].

PMID- 1205243
TI  - [Abscess of a solitary lung complicated by pyopneumothorax].

PMID- 1205244
TI  - [Severe complication of transbronchial puncture, corrected by surgery].

PMID- 1205245
TI  - [Surgery of diaphragmatic cyst].

PMID- 1205246
TI  - [Massive angiofollicular hyperplasia of mediastinal lymph nodes].

PMID- 1205247
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis of the abnormal coronary arteries].

PMID- 1205248
TI  - [Treatment of patent ductus arteriosus complicated by bacterial endarteritis and
      endocarditis].

PMID- 1205249
TI  - [Certain aspects of myocardial metabolism in patients with congenital heart
      defects operated on with the use of artificial circulation].

PMID- 1205250
TI  - [Interventricular defects with aneurysm of the membraneous part of the septum].

PMID- 1205251
TI  - [Diagnosis of intra-atrial thrombosis in patients with rheumatic heart defects by
      the method of roentgenoscanning].

PMID- 1205252
TI  - [Functional and morphological changes of the adrenal cortex in certain acquired
      and congenital heart defects].

PMID- 1205253
TI  - [Hemodynamic and metabolic characteristics of hypothermic perfusion].

PMID- 1205255
TI  - [Resection of the lung with preservation of 2 unaffected segments in
      bronchiectasis].

PMID- 1205254
TI  - [Treatment of isolated stenosis of the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 1205256
TI  - [Characteristics of clinical course and treatment of acute suppurative
      destructive pneumonia in children].

PMID- 1205257
TI  - [Indications for repeated resections of the lung in bronchiectasis].

PMID- 1205258
TI  - [Certain aspects of pathogenesis of postoperative empyema in bronchiectasis].

PMID- 1205259
TI  - [Preservation of autologous blood and intravascular hemodilution in association
      with hypotension in lung surgery].

PMID- 1205260
TI  - [Certain indicators of immunogenesis in patients with acute lung abscesses and
      means of their possible correction].

PMID- 1205261
TI  - [Rheography of the lung in evaluation of the right-heart and intrapulmonary
      hemodynamics during rehabilitation after lung removal].

PMID- 1205262
TI  - [Microaerophilic Proactinomycetes in patients with surgical lung diseases].

PMID- 1205263
TI  - [Criteria of functional rehabilitation after surgery in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1205264
TI  - [Recurrent mitral valve stenosis, its diagnosis and surgical treatment].

PMID- 1205265
TI  - [Change of hemodynamics and gas exchange in experimental atelectasis and lung re
      aeration].

PMID- 1205266
TI  - [Disorders of microcirculation after lung surgery].

PMID- 1205267
TI  - [Effect of artificial ventilation of the lungs on respiratory mechanics].

PMID- 1205268
TI  - The role of the antrum in determining the acid secretory response to meals to
      different consistency.
AB  - Three dogs with denervated pouches of stomach were tested with two test meals,
      one of homogenized and the other of minced meat, before and after antral
      denervation. The results show that the preparation of food plays an important
      part in the acid response and that homogenization augments acid stimulatory
      potential, probably by virtue of increased buffer capacity.

PMID- 1205269
TI  - Gastrin response to meals of different composition in normal subjects.
AB  - The serum gastrin responses and the integrated gastrin responses to eating three
      meals of very different composition were studied in the same normal subjects on
      different days. Two meals, a milk meal of 500 ml, and a breakfast of eggs, toast,
      butter, marmalade, fruit juice and coffee, were eaten at breakfast time. The
      serum gastrin responses to these meals were compared and contrasted with the
      concentrations observed when the subjects fasted over the same time of day. A
      steak meal was eaten at lunch time. There were no significant differences between
      the mean serum gastrin concentrations to the three meals but each meal produced a
      significant increase in serum gastrin above fasting levels. When the prefeeding
      gastrin concentration was subtracted from the gastrin responses then the
      integrated responses to the steak meal were greater than those to either of the
      breakfast meals. Considerable variability in response to any one meal was
      observed within the group of subjects, but those subjects who produced high serum
      gastrin concentrations to one meal did so to the others. Conversely, at low
      response to one meal was reflected in low responses to the other two meals.
      Fasting serum gastrin concentration was correlated with the age of the subject.
      Repeatability of the response to one meal was tested in two subjects who ate the
      same meal on four separate occasions showing their responses to be repeatable.

PMID- 1205270
TI  - The gastric response to a transpyloric duodenal tube.
AB  - The quantification of gastric, pancreatic, biliary, and small bowel functions in
      man often requires the use of intestinal tubes. In this study, the presence of a
      transpyloric tube did not alter gastric emptying, acid secretion, or serum
      gastrin levels in response to an ordinary solid meal.

PMID- 1205271
TI  - Is there an antral-body portal system in the stomach?
AB  - The direction of blood flow from the gastric mucosa of the antrum of the rat
      stomach has been studied using the isotope Rb86Cl. In a series of five
      experiments radioactivity has been shown to be transported via the blood stream
      from the antrum to the parietal cell mass without passing through the general
      circulation first. It is suggested that a 'portal' or direct transport system
      from antral mucosa to the body of the stomach exists.

PMID- 1205272
TI  - Comparison of bowel function after ileorectal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis
      and colonic polyposis.
AB  - Bowel habit has been studied in a group of 92 outpatients with ileorectal
      anastomosis for ulcerative colitis and compared with that in a group of 45
      outpatients with ileorectal anastomosis for colonic polyposis. Bowel frequency
      ranged from 1-7 to 8-7 stools per 24 hours with a mean of 4-5 in the colitic
      group compared with a range of 1-3 to 8-1 stools per 24 hours and a mean of 3-5
      in the polyposis group. Eighty-two per cent of the colitic group and 95% of the
      polyposis group had six or fewer bowel actions per 24 hours. Colitic patients in
      poor general condition at the time of colectomy seemed more likely to have over
      six bowel actions per 24 hours than those less severely ill. Urgency of
      defaecation was rare. Bowel actions every night and occasional faecal
      incontinence occurred in small but similar percentages of patients in both
      groups. Fifty-one per cent of patients in the colitic group, as compared with 9%
      in the polyposis group, were taking regular treatment to improve bowel function.
      Dietary difficulty was rare after ileorectal anastomosis in both colitic and
      polyposis groups.

PMID- 1205273
TI  - Polyposis in ulcerative colitis.
AB  - One hundred and fifty cases of ulcerative colitis were assessed by total
      colonoscopy with multiple biopsies. Inflammatory polyposis was found in 25 (17%)
      cases and six of these had a large (greater than 1-5 cm) solitary polyp which
      radiologically resembled carcinoma in four cases. Adenomatous polyps were
      discovered in four cases. Three carcinomas were found at endoscopy, of which two
      were entirely unsuspected. In all cases endoscopic polypectomy or surgical
      intervention was performed to establish the exact histological diagnosis.

PMID- 1205275
TI  - Large bowel myoelectrical activity in man.
AB  - The myoelectrical activity of human colon and rectum has been studied by three
      types of electrode in man--intraluminal (suction), serosal and cutaneous. The
      patterns obtained indicate a high degree of consistency between the methods and
      the value of surface electrodes is emphasized. Gradient along the large bowel of
      both frequency and percentage electrical activity have been observed and possible
      physiological roles are postulated for them. By correlating the features of
      regular electrical and corresponding regular motor waves an alteration in the
      myoelectrical pattern is observed in the region of the rectosigmoid junction.

PMID- 1205274
TI  - Serum transaminase levels after experimental paracetamol-induced hepatic
      necrosis.
AB  - The relationship between serum transaminase levels and the extent of paracetamol
      induced liver necrosis has been investigated in the rat. Three methods of
      histological quantitation were used to assess of necrosis--arbitrary grading,
      point counting, and the image-analysis computer. Highly significant correlations
      were obtained between the three methods and all were found to be reproducible. A
      close correlation was found between the extent of hepatic necrosis and the serum
      ASAT and ALAT 24 hours after a large dose (4 g/kg) of paracetamol. Likewise, the
      mean grade of necrosis correlated reasonably well with the serum enzyme levels in
      the recovery phase at 36 and 72 hours, although the transaminase level for a
      given degree of necrosis was considerably lower at 72 hours than at 24 hours.
      These findings suggest that serum transaminase levels gives a reliable indication
      of the severity of hepatic necrosis if the time of ingestion of the paracetamol
      is known and taken into account.

PMID- 1205277
TI  - Proceedings: Jejunal biopsy in the management of infants suspected of cow's milk
      protein intolerance.

PMID- 1205276
TI  - Proceedings: Bile acid-mediated absorption in the ileum of a patient with
      congenital chloridorrhoea.

PMID- 1205278
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of sodium taurocholate on the permeability of antral and
      fundic gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1205279
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of glucosamine synthetase by ulcerogenic and non
      ulcerogenic drugs.

PMID- 1205280
TI  - Proceedings: The relationship between antro-fundic permeability and gastric
      mucosal blood flow using tracer techniques.

PMID- 1205282
TI  - Proceedings: Mucosal flora of the human colon.

PMID- 1205283
TI  - Proceedings: Colon cancer and bacterial metabolism in familial polyposis.

PMID- 1205281
TI  - Proceedings: Antibiotic-induced pseudo-membranous colitis.

PMID- 1205284
TI  - Proceedings: Coeliac disease: a new aetiological hypothesis and possibly a new
      treatment.

PMID- 1205285
TI  - Proceedings: Differential colonic transit time and the relationship between
      intraluminal pressure and transit in the colon.

PMID- 1205286
TI  - Proceedings: Bird fancier's lung and coeliac disease.

PMID- 1205287
TI  - Proceedings: Subcellular fractionation studies on jejunal biopsies from control
      subjects and from patients with coeliac disease.

PMID- 1205288
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of prednisolone on the function, biochemistry and
      structure of the rat small intestinal mucosa.

PMID- 1205289
TI  - Proceedings: Abnormal fibrin monomer polymerization in liver disease.

PMID- 1205290
TI  - Proceedings: Characterization of the collagen of normal and cirrhotic human
      liver.

PMID- 1205291
TI  - Proceedings: Complement dependence of IgA antibody production.

PMID- 1205292
TI  - Proceedings: Lymphocyte cytotoxicity for kidney cells in the renal tubular
      acidosis of autoimmune liver disease.

PMID- 1205293
TI  - Proceedings: Lymphocyte populations in chronic liver disease.

PMID- 1205294
TI  - Proceedings: Antipyrine, lingocaine and paracetamol metabolism in chronic liver
      disease.

PMID- 1205295
TI  - Proceedings: Metabolic studies after Billroth I gastrectomy and highly selective
      vagotomy for gastric ulcer.

PMID- 1205296
TI  - Proceedings: Response to jejunal acidification in patients with duodenal ulcer
      and normal subjects.

PMID- 1205297
TI  - Proceedings: The pentagastrin-insulin secretion test: its value in diagnosis and
      surgical management of recurrent ulceration following previous vagotomy.

PMID- 1205298
TI  - Proceedings: Endoscopic pancreatography, scintigraphy and exocrine function in
      pancreatitis: a comparative study.

PMID- 1205300
TI  - Proceedings: Oestrogen metabolism in chronic liver disease: a new lead.

PMID- 1205301
TI  - Proceedings: Transfer factor in the treatment of Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1205299
TI  - Proceedings: A randomized trial of percutaneous transheptic cholangiography
      versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for bile duct visualization in
      cholestasis.

PMID- 1205302
TI  - Proceedings: Changes in human colonic mucus in ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1205303
TI  - Proceedings: Glucosamine synthetase activity in the colonic mucosa in ulcerative
      colitis and Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1205304
TI  - Proceedings: Serum and tissue immunoglobulins in patients with chronic proctitis.

PMID- 1205305
TI  - Proceedings: Complement in inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 1205306
TI  - Proceedings: Abnormalities of splenic function in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's
      disease.

PMID- 1205307
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of somatostatin on motilin levels and gastric emptying.

PMID- 1205308
TI  - Proceedings: Neonatal hypergastrinaemia in man.

PMID- 1205309
TI  - Proceedings: The diagnosis of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

PMID- 1205311
TI  - Proceedings: The Oxo test in the diagnosis of gastrinomas, antral gastrin cell
      hyperplasia, and recurrent peptic ulceration.

PMID- 1205310
TI  - Proceedings: Fluid secretion in duodenum and intestinal handling of water and
      electrolytes in three cases of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

PMID- 1205312
TI  - Proceedings: Transient lymphocyte-mediated hepatotoxicity in acute viral
      hepatitis.

PMID- 1205313
TI  - Proceedings: Primary and secondary immune responses to phiX 174 in patients with
      primary biliary cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis.

PMID- 1205314
TI  - Proceedings: Progression of histological changes in hepatitis B antigen carriers.

PMID- 1205315
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of lymphocytic transfer factor on hepatitis B surface
      antigen-positive chronic liver disease.

PMID- 1205316
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of somatostatin on pancreatic and biliary function.

PMID- 1205317
TI  - Proceedings: Disturbed brain tryptophan metabolism in fulminant hepatic failure.

PMID- 1205318
TI  - Proceedings: Liver function tests and histology in survivors of acute paracetamol
      (acetaminophen) poisoning.

PMID- 1205319
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on the mechanism of fat absorption in congenital isolated
      lipase deficiency.

PMID- 1205320
TI  - Proceedings: Screening vinyl chloride monomer workers for liver disease.

PMID- 1205321
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of various anaesthetics and abdominal surgery on liver
      blood flow in man.

PMID- 1205322
TI  - Proceedings: Hepatic enzyme changes in alcoholic liver disease.

PMID- 1205323
TI  - Proceedings: Characterization of the new gastrointestinal hormones.

PMID- 1205324
TI  - Proceedings: Is intermittent chenodeoxycholic acid therapy feasible for
      dissolving gallstones? The speed of change in biliary lipids and bile acids after
      starting and stopping treatment.

PMID- 1205325
TI  - Intravenous cholangiography, is technique important?

PMID- 1205326
TI  - Management of suspected extrahepatic biliary atresia.

PMID- 1205327
TI  - Ultrastructural characteristics of the oesophageal mucosa in man.

PMID- 1205328
TI  - Proceedings: Studies of the oesophageal antireflux mechanism using a modified
      rapid withdrawal manometric method and combined fluoroscopy.

PMID- 1205329
TI  - Proceedings: Dietary and smoking habits in gastric cancer: a detailed study of 64
      cases and controls.

PMID- 1205330
TI  - Proceedings: Is a gastroenterostomy a pre-malignant condition?

PMID- 1205331
TI  - Proceedings: New evidence for intact di- and tripeptide absorption.

PMID- 1205332
TI  - A comparative study of intestinal absorption in normal Indian and English
      subjects using a perfusion technique.

PMID- 1205333
TI  - Effect of sugars and cations on the small intestine transepithelial pd in man.

PMID- 1205334
TI  - Proceedings: Breath tests in small bowel colonization.

PMID- 1205336
TI  - Photometric assay of antithrombin III with a chromogenic substrate.
AB  - A simple assay procedure for antithrombin III is described. The synthetic product
      benzoyl-Phe-Val-Arg-p-nitroanilide (S-2160) is used as substrate. By thrombin p
      nitroaniline is split from the tripeptide molecule. The yellowish color of this
      split product can be measured in a photometer. Inactivation of thrombin by
      antithrombin III results in inhibition of this reaction. The percentage of
      thrombin inhibited is in direct relation to the activity of antithrombin III.
      Various modifications were tested to optimate the method. Comparable results were
      obtained between the coagulation method of HENSEN and LOELIGER and the
      photometric method.

PMID- 1205337
TI  - Changes in coagulation factors and platelet function in response to
      progestational agents.
AB  - Levels of coagulation factors I, II, V, VII-X, VIII, IX, X, plasminogen and
      antithrombin III, were determined at midcycle in 17 test subjects using oral
      contraceptive agents, and in 10 control subjects. Immunoassay of factor II and
      antithrombin III was also carried out, and platelet aggregation quantitatively
      assessed. Significant increases were found in the activity of factors II, V, VII
      X, X and plasminogen, but factor II antigen levels did not change. Platelet
      aggregation with collagen was significantly enhanced. No change occurred in
      antithrombin III activity or antigen levels.

PMID- 1205335
TI  - Proceedings: The incidence of coeliac diseases and HL-A8 in dermatitis
      herpetiformis.

PMID- 1205338
TI  - Cyclical changes in coagulation factors associated with the use of progestational
      agents.
AB  - The activity of factors II, VII, VIII, IX, X and fibrinogen and factor VIII
      antigen levels were followed during a single menstrual cycle in three females
      using oral contraceptive agents, and in two controls. Marked cyclical variation
      occurred in the activity of factor VII and VIII, but not in factor VIII antigen
      levels. Less marked changes occurred in factor II and fibrinogen.

PMID- 1205339
TI  - Serotonin uptake and glycolytic activity of human platelets after prolonged
      incubation with glucose-poor plasma.
AB  - It is confirmed that metabolic energy is a prerequisite for the uptake of
      serotonin by human blood platelets. Starvation (i.e. incubation at 25 degrees C
      of platelets resuspended in glucose-poor autologous plasma) generally stops
      glucose consumption, lactate formation as well as serotonin uptake within 2 h.
      The addition of glucose restores lactate formation immediately and, independent
      of total starvation time, to normal or even higher levels. The active uptake of
      serotonin, however, can be restored only partly after prolonged incubation with
      glucose, to an extent which seems to be dependent of the preceding starvation
      time. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that besides an active
      carbohydrate metabolism another factor, presumably the integrity of the platelet
      membrane, is obligatory for the active transport of serotonin.

PMID- 1205340
TI  - Controlled trial of platelet anti-aggregating agents and subcutaneous heparin in
      prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in high risk patients.
AB  - In a prospective randomised trial, three groups of 20 patients each were
      compared. A first group served as a control, a second group received dipyridamole
      and acetylsalicylic acid and a third group received low doses of heparin. The
      incidence of deep vein thrombosis determined by the 125I-fibrinogen test was 40%
      in the first group, 50% in the second group, and 5% in the third group. The
      differences between the heparin group and the two other groups are statistically
      significant. No wound complication and no haematoma at the injection site
      occurred.

PMID- 1205341
TI  - Some thoughts on examination of the hand.

PMID- 1205342
TI  - Innervation of the hand.

PMID- 1205344
TI  - The prediction of hand strength in elementary school children.

PMID- 1205343
TI  - The thumb and the saddle.

PMID- 1205345
TI  - Hallux-to-hand transfer.

PMID- 1205346
TI  - Transplantation of a toe to an amputated finger.

PMID- 1205347
TI  - The damaged digital nerve.

PMID- 1205348
TI  - The Madelung deformity.

PMID- 1205349
TI  - The extensor plus finger.

PMID- 1205350
TI  - A pseudo-boutonniere deformity.

PMID- 1205351
TI  - The late management of the isolated lesion of the flexor digitorum profundus
      tendon.

PMID- 1205352
TI  - Intra-arterial injection of barbiturate.

PMID- 1205353
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma in Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica.

PMID- 1205355
TI  - A malleable needle for tendon surgery.

PMID- 1205356
TI  - Hand table.

PMID- 1205357
TI  - Macrodactyly.

PMID- 1205354
TI  - Melanotic tumours of the hand.

PMID- 1205359
TI  - The strength of the profundus tendon insertion.

PMID- 1205360
TI  - Surgical exposure of the flexor pollicis longus tendon.

PMID- 1205358
TI  - Planning of surgical treatment.

PMID- 1205361
TI  - A simple tendon transfer for the isolated division of the flexor digitorum
      profundus.

PMID- 1205362
TI  - Restoration of elbow flexion.

PMID- 1205363
TI  - A test for differentiation between contracture and spasm of the biceps muscle in
      post traumatic rigiditis of the elbow joint.

PMID- 1205364
TI  - An unusual cause of ulnar nerve compression.

PMID- 1205365
TI  - Operative treatment of chronic subluxation of the first carpometacarpal joint.

PMID- 1205366
TI  - Correction of ulnar subluxation of the extensor communis.

PMID- 1205367
TI  - Three years' experience of metacarpophalangeal joint replacement in the
      rheumatoid hand.

PMID- 1205368
TI  - Rigid fixation of unstable metacarpal fractures using transverse K-wires bonded
      with acrylic resin.

PMID- 1205369
TI  - Traumatic aneurysm of the radial artery.

PMID- 1205370
TI  - Paget's disease, Dupuytren's contracture and phalangeal fracture.

PMID- 1205371
TI  - Malignant Schwannoma.

PMID- 1205372
TI  - [Assessment of the quality of life of the breast cancer patient].

PMID- 1205373
TI  - [Cancer of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1205374
TI  - [Tympanoplasty with malleus outside the graft].

PMID- 1205375
TI  - [Gardner syndrome associated with mesenteric fibrosis].

PMID- 1205376
TI  - [Anaphylactic shock due to tetanus toxoid].

PMID- 1205377
TI  - [Myxoma of the left atrium].

PMID- 1205379
TI  - [Clinical aspects of sleep and insomnia].

PMID- 1205378
TI  - [The antidiuretic effect of carbamazepine (Tegretol) in diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 1205380
TI  - [Myo-inositol: metabolic and clinical aspects].

PMID- 1205381
TI  - [Drug-induced reversible granulomatous hepatitis].

PMID- 1205382
TI  - [Editorial: Recent advances in acid-base balance].

PMID- 1205383
TI  - [Editorial: Noise in hospitals].

PMID- 1205384
TI  - [Editorial: Mobile intensive care units for acute myocardial infarction in the
      primary stage].

PMID- 1205385
TI  - [Editorial: Mesangium cell structure and function of the glomerulus in normal and
      pathological kidney].

PMID- 1205386
TI  - [Hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea and sterility treated with bromocriptine].

PMID- 1205387
TI  - [Early ambulation in acute myocardial infarction].

PMID- 1205389
TI  - [Bronchogenic cysts of the mediastinum in the adult].

PMID- 1205388
TI  - [Dry eyes in the general ophthalmic clinic].

PMID- 1205390
TI  - [Pregnancy after jejuno-ileal bypass for extreme obesity].

PMID- 1205391
TI  - [Bladder rehabilitation with bethanechol (Urecholin)].

PMID- 1205392
TI  - [Acute toxic dilatation of the colon in Crohn's colitis].

PMID- 1205394
TI  - [Metabolic adaptation and habituation].

PMID- 1205393
TI  - [Anaphylactic reaction during anesthesia with propanidid].

PMID- 1205395
TI  - [Editorial: Benign precardial murmurs in childhood].

PMID- 1205396
TI  - [Editorial: Colonoscopy for excision of rectal polyps].

PMID- 1205397
TI  - [New developments and advances in psychopharmacology].

PMID- 1205398
TI  - [Fetal reaction to external light].

PMID- 1205399
TI  - [Factors influencing survival time in chronic lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 1205400
TI  - [Reimplantation of severed fingers by microsurgery].

PMID- 1205402
TI  - [Retained sutures: an unusual complication of gastric surgery].

PMID- 1205401
TI  - [Arterial injury due to high velocity missile].

PMID- 1205403
TI  - [Post-traumatic thrombosis of the superior longitudinal sinus].

PMID- 1205404
TI  - [Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 1205405
TI  - [Neurochemistry and pharmacology of sleep (II)].

PMID- 1205406
TI  - [Neurocirculatory asthenia].

PMID- 1205408
TI  - [Editorial: The fetus in utero and the external world].

PMID- 1205407
TI  - [Evaluation of health services in the Yehuda District and suggestions for their
      improvement].

PMID- 1205409
TI  - [Editorial: Infective endocarditis in the aged].

PMID- 1205410
TI  - [Editorial: Neuroblastoma].

PMID- 1205411
TI  - [Editorial: Gynecological aspects of respiratory distress syndrome].

PMID- 1205412
TI  - The influence of phentolamine on the fluorescence of catecholaminergic structures
      in selected areas of rat brain.
AB  - Wistar rats were given phentolamine into the ventriculus lateralis. The D1 group
      of rats received a larger dose than the D2 group. The animals were decapitated
      within 2 hours after phentolamine injection. The FALCK fluorescence technique was
      applied to demonstrate the fluorescence of catecholaminergic structures. The
      results in rat brain areas selected according to KONIG and KLIPPEL are shown in
      figs 10-46. Whereas earlier biochemical experiments did not show any phentolamine
      induced changes in the NA level of the whole brain, the present histochemical
      experiments carried out with the fluorescence technique revealed the influence of
      phentolamine on individual structures and areas of the NA system. In comparison
      with the control material in 5 out of 11 areas the fluorescence was much weaker,
      in 3 it was similar to the control group, and in 3 (1 with a larger dose and 2
      with a smaller dose of phentolamine) it was slightly stronger. The simultaneous
      increase of fluorescence in 6 out of 7 areas of the DA system may indicate a
      compensatory interaction of these areas as a response to the neuromediator
      decrease in the NA system. The paper discusses the increase in the intensity of
      fluorescence induced by a small dose of phentolamine in some brain areas, or by a
      large dose in others, both these alternatives depending on the neuromediator
      turnover.

PMID- 1205413
TI  - Histochemical and electron microscopical studies of skeletal muscle affected by
      gas gangrene.
AB  - Ultrastructural and histochemical changes of skeletal muscle were studied in
      three patients affected with gas gangrene. There was complete lack of the
      phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase activities in
      the affected muscles of all the patients. In unaffected muscles these enzymes
      showed weaker activities than in norm. The lactate dehydrogenase activity,
      especially the heart type isozyme (LDH-1 or H4) proved less sensitive to the
      effect of clostridial toxin. A general increase in the acid phosphatase activity
      was found both in affected and in unaffected muscles. On electron microscopic
      examination damage to sarcolemmal membrane and disintegration of myofilaments was
      seen. The mitochondria were swollen and their cristae distorted and fragmented.

PMID- 1205414
TI  - Effect of hydroxyurea on the protein content and synthesis in normal and tumorous
      tobacco tissues cultured in vitro.
AB  - An over 9 per cent increase was found in the protein content of callus and
      tumorous tissues of Nicotiana tabacum cultured for 39 days in a medium with an
      addition of hydroxyurea at a concentration of 100 mg/l. The inhibitory effect of
      this compound on incorporation of [14C]leucine was demonstrated, differences in
      the intensity of labelling between the nucleus and cytoplasm being present only
      in the tumorous tissue. These differences may indicate either disturbances in the
      migration of proteins from cytoplasm to nuclei or a specific blockade of histone
      synthesis. Hydroxyurea inhibits incorporation of [3H]arginine in callus tissues,
      whereas in tumorous tissues, apart from inhibition (at 75 and 100 mg HU/1), the
      stimulation of incorporation of this amino acid was observed (at 10 and 50 mg
      HU/1). The inhibitory effect of hydroxyurea on incorporation of [3H] lysine was
      demonstrated in both tissues examined, but it was stronger in the callus tissue.
      On the basis of the results concerning the influence of hydroxyurea on the
      content and synthesis of nucleic acids [4, 5] and the results of the present
      study it may be supposed that this compound induces unbalanced growth of cells of
      both tissues (inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and simultaneous accumulation
      of proteins), thus leading to their death.

PMID- 1205415
TI  - Karyometric observations of WISH cell cultures irradiated with 3 GHz microwaves.
AB  - WISH cell cultures 24 hours after passage were irradiated with 3 GHz microwaves
      (10 cm) at far field conditions in free space (anechoic chamber) for 30 minutes,
      at field power density 5 or 20 mW/cm2. Within 1,24 and 48 hours of the exposure
      to microwave fields the volumes of nuclei and nucleoli were measured with the use
      of a micrometer, and logvolumes and nucleo-nucleolar ratios were calculated.
      Under the applied irradiation conditions the culture medium temperature did not
      exceed 37 degrees C. In cultures irradiated at field power density 20 mW/cm2
      increased number of cells with small nuclei and enlarged nucleoli was noted
      within 1 hour of the exposure. Within 24 and 48 hours after irradiation the
      nucleolar volume showed a slight decrease, whereas the nuclear volume increased.
      In cultures irradiated at field power density 5 mW/cm2 increased numbers of cells
      with enlarged nuclei and nucleoli were found. Analysis of the distribution curves
      of nuclear and nucleolar volumes suggests that non-thermal power densities of
      microwaves stimulate the metabolism of cell cultures. However, at higher power
      densities (20 mW/cm2) the stimulation phase is preceded by a period of reduced
      viability of cell cultures.

PMID- 1205416
TI  - The effect of ethanol applied during gestation on the mitochondria of the hepatic
      cells of pups.

PMID- 1205417
TI  - Cryoultramicrotomy and the ultrastructural cytochemistry of the nucleus.

PMID- 1205418
TI  - The effect of a long-term CCl4 action on the DNA content of rat liver cell
      nuclei. A cytophotometric study.
AB  - Inbred CFY male and female rats were given subcutaneous injections of carbon
      tetrachloride solution in sunflower oil for 12 weeks. Cytophotometric DNA
      determination was made on liver cell nuclei. Cell nuclei from normal liver showed
      modal peak of DNA in the diploid range. In the treated animals there were modal
      peaks of DNA in diploid and tetraploid regions as well as remarkable numbers of
      over-tetraploid nuclei. The hepatic lesions classified histologically were more
      severe in males than in females. The ploidy distributions were not related to the
      histopathological features and sex.

PMID- 1205419
TI  - The enamel of the rat incisor.

PMID- 1205420
TI  - Atypical kinocilia in human epithelium from large bronchus.

PMID- 1205421
TI  - Morphological and functional features of the innervation of the costovertebral
      joints.

PMID- 1205422
TI  - Electron microscopy analysis of differentiation of the wall and capillary bed of
      the chick embryo allantochorion.

PMID- 1205423
TI  - "Short" cholinergic neurons of the kidney.

PMID- 1205424
TI  - Comparative histological investigation of receptor structures in aortic wall of
      some vertebrate representatives.

PMID- 1205425
TI  - Ultrastructural and biochemical changes induced in synapses by phenamine
      (amphetamine).

PMID- 1205426
TI  - Microscopic determination of the amount of contractile material per muscle cell
      nucleus in the rat myocardium. I.

PMID- 1205427
TI  - The amount of contractile matter per myocardial cell nucleus in the rat during
      postnatal ontogenesis. II.

PMID- 1205428
TI  - Light microscopy and histochemical study of the ependyma of the third cerebral
      ventricle in the albino rat.

PMID- 1205430
TI  - The ultrastructure of leptomeninx in fish.

PMID- 1205429
TI  - The role of nerves in the developing vertebrate limb: a teratogenic plea for re
      evaluation.

PMID- 1205431
TI  - Transformation of Meckel's cartilage and ossification of the mandible in ovis and
      capra.

PMID- 1205432
TI  - Vertebromedullary topography and its postnatal changes in the rat.

PMID- 1205433
TI  - Ultrastructure of the tracheal epithelium after inhalation of solid heavy metal
      aerosol. IV. Inhalation of needle-shaped particles of pyrite dust.

PMID- 1205434
TI  - Induction of neurogenic and lymphoid neoplasms by the feeding of threshold levels
      of methyl- and ethylnitrousourea precursors to adult rats.

PMID- 1205436
TI  - Safety evaluation of yeast grown on hydrocarbons. IV. Two-year feeding and
      multigeneration study in rats with yeast grown on pure n-paraffins.

PMID- 1205435
TI  - Studies on the metabolism of dimethylnitrosamine in the rat. II. The effects of
      phenobarbitone and 20-methylcholanthrene on the in vitro and in vivo metabolism
      and acute toxicity of dimethylnitrosamine in young and mature rats.

PMID- 1205437
TI  - Teratogenic evaluation of lead compounds in mice and rats.

PMID- 1205438
TI  - Biological testing of food grown in the Transkei.

PMID- 1205439
TI  - A study of kinetic parameters for the use of serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase
      as an index of liver damage.

PMID- 1205441
TI  - [Legislation on old peoples homes and nursing homes for old people].

PMID- 1205440
TI  - Dimethylnitrosamine in souse and similar jellied cured-meat products.

PMID- 1205442
TI  - [Rectal neoplasms: the current state of surgical treatment].
AB  - The number of patients with rectal cancer ist increasing steadily in the BRD.
      Even if diagnosis of early stages of rectal cancer is not too difficult, the
      fatal diagnostic delay is 7-8 months on the average. After operative methods have
      been subtilized and radicalized only preventive medical examinations and early
      public instruction may improve the prognosis of the patients concerned.
      Additional treatment with cytostatical agents seems to be promising. If
      preventive medical care makes it possible to detect rectal cancer in its early
      stages, the same operative results can be obtained by the meanwhile developed
      continence-preserving methods as by the hitherto carried out widespread and
      continence-sacrificing rectal resection as our own experiences prove.

PMID- 1205443
TI  - [Diabetes therapy; 2. Diet, drug therapy (Sulfonamide derivatives, biguanides,
      insulin)].

PMID- 1205444
TI  - [Emergency endoscopy].
AB  - We prefer emergency-endoscopy in case of acute hemorrhage of the upper gastro
      intestinal-tract, in case of perforation no endoscopy. Within the last two years
      122 patients were treated by endoscopy and more than half of them must be treated
      by operation.

PMID- 1205445
TI  - [The Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS)].
AB  - Mallory and Weiss (1929) described the syndrome which is characterized by
      hemorrhages from mucous membrane gaps of the cardia ner the esophagus. There are
      many causes responsible: sudden intraluminal pressure, obliteration of the mucous
      membrane, alcohol excess, voluminous meals, myocard infarction. In 3-5%
      hyperemesis is accompanied by Mallory-Weiss-Syndrome. For diagnosis endoscopy is
      the method of choice; if conservative therapy is without result, surgical
      measures are necessary. Lately endoscopic electrocoagulation gains more and more
      importance. 2 cases are reported.

PMID- 1205447
TI  - [Aims and realities in geriatric psychiatry].
AB  - The psychiatric care of the elderly in the Federal Republic of Germany must
      presently be considered to be inadequate. At the present the main point of
      emphasis in treatment is placed almost exclusively on the stationary sector,
      having a predominantly keeping character. What is necessary, however, is
      psychogeriatric activity which unfolds itself very substantially in the field of
      out-patient diagnostics, therapy and health education in order to cope better
      with the handcaps of the the elderly. Apart from the urgently needed
      establishment of new institutions, the overcoming of the wide-spread therapeutic
      pessimism in the care of the older people is to be seen as a substantial aim,
      particularly of those active in geriatric health care.

PMID- 1205446
TI  - [Problems of the so-called geriatric gastrointestinal diseases].
AB  - The significant increase in the number of people older than seventy forces the
      physician to be acquainted with both psychological and physical alterations
      induced by aging and to devote an ever increasing proportion of time for
      recognition and treatment os such alterations. In the medical sense, the
      biological and physiological age is more important than the chronological age.
      With increasing age there is--especially concerning the digestive tract and its
      accessory organs--a rise in the incidence of organic affections and a decline in
      the frequency of functional disorders. Besides it is wise to know, that the
      increasing age there is often a coexistence of multiple degenerative disorders
      and disease states, involving many body systems and organs. On the background of
      this recognition it is also important to know, that prognosis too varies with age
      because of the coexistence of individually prognosticated disease states and
      moreover to realize, that elderly patients do not tolerate invasive and prolonged
      surgical procedures. Structural or functional disturbances of the digestive
      organs by aging processes do not cause death per se, but can become one important
      factor; degenerative sclerotic vascular alterations bear relationship to the
      poorly contractile vasculature that brings up difficulties in the control of
      hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers. Many gastrointestinal disorders in elderly
      patients occur with an equal frequency in younger patients, some are more common
      in the geriatric population; these include hiatal hernia, carcinoma of esophagus,
      stomach, pancreas, bile ducts and colon, intestinal obstruction (ileus) by
      neoplastic growth, gallstone ileus, external hernia and operative adhesions and
      especially diverticular diseases of the colon and its complications and ischemic
      colitis by mesenteric vascular occlusion. Cirrhosis of the liver is often
      diagnosed for the first time in the older age groups while acute viral hepatitis
      uses to run a cholestatic course and is therefore often misdiagnosed as
      mechanical obstruction. In general history is difficult to obtain, the response
      of the organism with temperature and white blood count to stress is often delayed
      and rigidity associated with an underlying inflammatory disease involving the
      peritoneum is often delayed and rigidity associated with an underlying
      inflammatory disease involving the peritoneum is often atypical. Because of this
      limited reaction to severe stress, early surgical intervention is imperative in
      the elderly patients.

PMID- 1205448
TI  - [Ketone bodies in the blood during sorbitol infusion].
AB  - The concentration of hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate during infusion of sorbitol was
      significantly depressed in 12 healthy subjects. The dosage ranged between 0.25
      and 0.50 g/kg BW/h. Considering the blood parameter the hunger ketosis was
      depressed by the infusion rate of 0.25 g/kg/h. Cholesterol concentration, too,
      was significantly lowered by sorbitol.

PMID- 1205449
TI  - Purification and characterization of a hemagglutinin from Arachis hypogeae.
AB  - A. hypogaea hemagglutinin was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and
      Sepharose 6 B column chromatography. The homogeneity of the purified
      hemagglutinin was ascertained by ultracentrifugal analysis and polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. It has a molecular weight of 106.500 and is a tetramer of a
      subunit with a molecular weight of 27.000. The purified hemagglutinin
      agglutinated neuraminidase-treated human erythrocytes regardless of their ABO
      group type, but did not agglutinate intact erythrocytes. In hapten inhibition
      assays with simple sugars, the so-called Makela's group 2 sugars, which bear the
      same configuration of hydroxy groups at C-3 and C-4 as D-galactopyranose, were
      inhibitors for this hemagglutinin. It does not contain any carbohydrate, in
      contrast to most phytohemagglutinins except concanavalin A and wheat germ
      agglutinin.

PMID- 1205450
TI  - Formation, circular dichroism and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of hepatic Zn
      thionein.
AB  - The formation of the powerful Zn binding protein called Zn-thionein was examined
      using male albino rats and [14C]cysteine, as cystein is known to be the most
      abundant constituent of this metal protein. 65% of the hepatic [14C]cysteine was
      incorporated into the protein portion of freshly prepared Zn-thionein. The
      protein was isolated by a combination of ethanol/chloroform treatment and various
      chromatographic steps, including ion exchange and gel filtration. 4.7 mol of Zn,
      0.02 mol of Cd and less than 0.001 mol of either Cu or Hg were found per 12 000 g
      of portein. It was presumed that considerable amounts of Zn were lost during
      these isolation procedures, with the consequence of disulphide gridge formation.
      Indeed, the presence of R-S-S-R was deduced from circular dichroism and X-ray
      photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to the clearly detectable disulphide chromophore
      in the circular dichroism spectrum, it was possible to assign the shoulder at S
      2p1/2,3/2 =  162.7 eV of the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of native Zn-thionein
      to R-S-S-R and not to strongly polarized sulphur. Upon reducing R-S-S-R
      containing native Zn-thionein with dithiothreitol, all oxidised thiolate moieties
      of the thionein molecule could be restored. The addition of ZnCl2 with the
      subsequent desalting of extraneously bound Zn2 yielded a homogeneous Zn-thionein
      with 9.6 mol Zn2 per mol protein. A stoichiometry of ZnRS 1:3 was seen, which
      confirmed earlier reports of the existence of the mixed Cd,Zn-thionein. The
      conversion of mixed Cd,Zn-thionein into homogeneous Zn-, Cd-, Hg- and Cu-thionein
      by the gel filtration technique proved successful. From chiroptical measurements,
      the extraordinary contribution of the metal chromophores to the circular
      dichroism was seen. Due to the differences in the geometry of complexes formed by
      the respective metal ions, dramatic changes in the protein portion were expected.
      Polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis of purified native untreated Zn-thionein
      resulted in the appearance of two or more bands. This phenomenon was attributed
      to the different migration rates of cystine-thionein and thiolate-rich Zn
      thionein, and was consistent with the spectral properties of the above Zn-protein
      species. By contrast, only one single band was monitored when a homogeneous metal
      thionein was electrophoresed.

PMID- 1205451
TI  - On the carbohydrate composition of bovine colostrum trypsin inhibitor.
AB  - The trypsin inhibitor from bovine colostrum has been separated into several forms
      by CM-Sephadex and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. These forms differ in the
      amount and composition of the carbohydrate they contain, which has been
      quantitated for four components by gas-liquid chromatography and standrad
      colorimetric procedures. The monosaccharides fucose, mannose, galactose,
      galactosamine, glucosamine and sialic acids have been determined. A
      microheterogeneity was establish ed in the carbohydrate moiety, which amounts to
      about 40% of the total molecular weight (Mr 11 000 - 14 000) of bovine colostrum
      inhibitor.

PMID- 1205452
TI  - The isolation of the urogastrones - inhibitors of gastric acid secretion - from
      human urine.
AB  - It has been known for over thirty years that extracts of human urine could cause
      inhibition of gastric acid secretion. The active principle was called urogastrone
      and this has now been isolated using a series of twelve simple stages of
      partition, gel and ion-exchange chromatography. In fact two products were
      obtained, each in a yeild of less than 1 mg per 1 000 l urine, which represented
      an overall recovery of 3 - 5%. These materials were biologically
      indistinguishable, causing inhibition of gastric acid secretion in a variety of
      circumstances at doses of less than 1 mug/kg. The purified urogastrones were
      found to be acidic polypeptides composed of 53 and 52 amino acid residues with
      three internal disulphide bonds, and they differed by only one arginine residue.
      Neither threonine nor phenylalanine residues were present in the urogastrones.

PMID- 1205453
TI  - [Amino acids and biogenic amines in different tissues of the mussel Mytilus
      edulis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205454
TI  - The influence of Ca2 on the dissociation of 1,N6-ethenoadenosine 5'-triphosphate
      from actin.

PMID- 1205455
TI  - Inhibition of dopamine beta-monooxygenase by histidine.

PMID- 1205456
TI  - The relationship between systems theory and community psychiatry.
AB  - General systems theory, when applied to human personality and behavior, considers
      the human system to be an active, open one in which personality develops through
      interaction with other systems; problems within one system can produce ripple
      effects in others. Community psychiatry sees the roots of most mental disorders
      as being in disturbances within the network of interacting systems. The author
      believes that community mental health centers, with their multifaceted approach
      to treatment and prevention, reflect the health profession's efforts to deal with
      the mental health problems of a community in a systems-oriented way. Although the
      CMHC movement has weaknesses, he feels they do not stem from the basic concepts
      behind the centers, but from the inadequate implementation of those concepts. He
      considers four major interfacing variables that are relevant in determining a
      center's capacity to survive and to function.

PMID- 1205457
TI  - Medically oriented psychiatry: an approach to improving the quality of mental
      health care.
AB  - To assure the consumer of the highest quality cost-effective mental health care,
      the author argues for the use of a proper "medical model" when care is delivered.
      He also argues that psychiatrists must deal with the whole person-both his psyche
      and his soma. The author discusses the role of the medically oriented
      psychiatrist, and presents a case study that demonstrates the interplay between a
      patient's psyche and soma. In addition, he introduces a four-step principle, to
      be incorporated into all health insurance plans, that will ensure that a
      patient's physical and psychological problems will be dealt with together and
      that he will receive quality health care.

PMID- 1205458
TI  - A survey of rural community mental health needs and resources.
AB  - The authors conducted a survey of 215 rural community mental health centers
      across the country to determine their unique problems, needs, and resources. From
      the 92 responses they received, they formulated a composite description of the
      rural mental health scene. Their description focuses on services offered, skills
      required to operate effective rural programs, and problems in the delivery of
      care and of evaluation. From the responses they also analyzed the extent of
      inservice training available to rural practitioners, the support systems needed,
      and the functions a proposed national task force on rural mental health could
      perform.

PMID- 1205460
TI  - Measuring staff attitudes toward computerization.
AB  - The authors developed and tested an 88-item scale designed to measure staff
      attitudes toward and knowledge about computers. A questionnaire was completed by
      42 staff members at a psychiatric unit of a hospital where a health information
      system was being implemented; 28 of the staff members had attended a two-and-one
      half day course on computer systems. Those who had completed the course had more
      favorable attitudes toward computerization than the 14 who did not. The authors
      described the findings and discuss their implications.

PMID- 1205459
TI  - The first year of a child advocacy project.
AB  - In a child advocacy project funded through a community mental health center, five
      area residents were trained as advocates and assigned to two elementary schools.
      The advocates spent much of their first year in training, and in trying to
      establish themselves as resource persons for children and families, in setting up
      parent-school councils, and in developing recreational programs. They found it
      easier to be activists and caregivers than corrdinators of services, and they met
      some resistance from the schools and the community. But by the end of the first
      year the advocates had made significant progress in helping children and families
      obtain community services and in increasing contact between parents and the
      schools.

PMID- 1205461
TI  - Organizing a staff development department: the Fort Logan Model.
AB  - The staff development department at the Fort Logan Mental Health Center in Denver
      was created to increase interdisciplinary coordination and participation in
      student- and continuing-education programs. A great deal of interdisciplinary
      competition was evident at the beginning. Eventually, continued interaction and
      expanding needs for members' skills eliminated most competition, and staff were
      able to learn from one another. Most of the staff now have multiple capabilities
      and are effective not only in teaching but also in systems intervention. The
      department's services include a preservice program, which is responsible for
      student and professional training programs; inservice- and continuing-education
      programs; and a consultation program.

PMID- 1205462
TI  - An evaluation of alcoholism treatment services for Alaskan natives.
AB  - Using chart-review procedures, the authors examined the management of patients
      with a recognized alcohol problem in 12 medical facilities and 20 alcoholism
      programs throughout Alaska. The evaluation, which covered a one-year period,
      focused on the service delivery system rather than on treatment outcome, and
      sought to determine if problems of alcohol abuse were being solved. The authors
      found that a treatment plan was developed, followed up, and evaluated for 8 per
      cent of the problem drinkers treated in medical facilities and for 16.7 per cent
      of those in alcohol programs.

PMID- 1205463
TI  - Areas of conflict between methadone regulations and treatment of patient-addicts.

PMID- 1205464
TI  - Buying humanization: dealing with the problem of institutionalization.

PMID- 1205465
TI  - Experimental system for the control of surgically induced infections.

PMID- 1205466
TI  - The assessment of water quality.

PMID- 1205467
TI  - Human factors analysis of the diesel-electric locomotive cab.

PMID- 1205468
TI  - Sex differences in driving performance.

PMID- 1205469
TI  - Marijuana and human performance.

PMID- 1205470
TI  - Toward measurement of attention as a function of risk and risk preference in man
      machine systems.

PMID- 1205471
TI  - Inspection of sheet materials--model and data.

PMID- 1205472
TI  - Biomechanical analysis of the U.S. Navy Mark V and Mark XII diving systems.

PMID- 1205473
TI  - Visual time compression: spatial and tmeporal cues.

PMID- 1205474
TI  - Metallic mercury contamination of the dental operatory.

PMID- 1205475
TI  - Research note: personal characteristics and whole body vibration.

PMID- 1205476
TI  - Evaluation of auditory, visual, and dual-mode displays for prolonged sonar
      monitoring in repeated sessions.

PMID- 1205477
TI  - The application of conductive cooling to human operators.

PMID- 1205478
TI  - Cognitive efficiency of divers working in cold water.

PMID- 1205480
TI  - Structure-activity on mammalian tissue lysozymes: Part II. Kinetic
      characteristics of purified rat kidney nuclear lysozyme.

PMID- 1205479
TI  - Estimates of the length of highway guidelines and spaces.

PMID- 1205481
TI  - NADH oxidase in Xanthomonas oryzae and effect of streptomycin and metal ions.

PMID- 1205482
TI  - Partial purification and characterisation of carboxypeptidase B from goat
      pancreas.

PMID- 1205483
TI  - Studies on renal gluconeogenesis and some key gluconeogenic enzymes in thiamine
      deficient rats.

PMID- 1205484
TI  - Effect of administration of clofibrate and clofenapate on oxidative
      phosphorylation by liver mitochondria in the rat.

PMID- 1205485
TI  - Factors influencing radiation-induced impairment of rat liver mitochondrial
      oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 1205486
TI  - Evidence for a second quencher of chlorophyll fluorescence in spinach leaves.

PMID- 1205487
TI  - Studies on concanavalin A-immobilized glucose oxidase.

PMID- 1205488
TI  - Photodecomposition of uric acid.

PMID- 1205489
TI  - Hemoglobin genetics in bovines and equines.

PMID- 1205490
TI  - Urethan and 3,4-benzpyrene interactions with macromolecules of human cells grown
      in vitro.

PMID- 1205491
TI  - Alpha-amylase activity of human placenta.

PMID- 1205492
TI  - Phenobarbital induced variations in hepatic ethyl-morphine n-demethylase and
      inorganic pyrophosphatase during riboflavin deficiency.

PMID- 1205493
TI  - A new method of isolation of versicolin, an antifungal antibiotic.

PMID- 1205494
TI  - Carcinogenic activity of some hydrocarbons.

PMID- 1205495
TI  - Restoration patterns of rat liver lysosomes during recovery from protein
      starvation.

PMID- 1205497
TI  - [Biological activity of bacterial cell walls].

PMID- 1205496
TI  - [Leptospirosis grippotyphosa with jaundice, acute renal failure and
      paraproteinemia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205498
TI  - [Ototoxicity of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205499
TI  - [Mitochondrial antibodies induced by drug administration in patients with and
      without pseudo LE syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - The pseudo LE syndrome was first described in 1972. It is a severe, sometimes
      fatal condition, in which high titres of mitochondrial antibodies are a constant
      feature. In the vast majority of cases detected, Venopyronum in dragee form
      (containing phenopyrazone, horse-chestnut extract, and cardiac glycosides from
      various plants), had been taken prior to onset of the clinical symptoms. It is
      probably commoner, that following intake of the drug mitochondrial antibodies
      appear without clinical manifestations. In both situations, disposition, dose and
      duration of treatment are important factors. There is reasonable ground to
      believe that not just a single component, but rather the combination of various
      substances in the preparation is responsible for the induction of an autoimmune
      process. At the present time it appears that an idiopathic form, without drug
      contact, also exists.

PMID- 1205500
TI  - [The role of rubella specific IgM within the serological diagnosis of rubella
      (German measles) (authors transl)].
AB  - The sera of 327 patients were investigated for rubella specific IgA after
      separation of the IgM fraction by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. 1. In
      96 out of 137 cases suspicious of clinical rubella, where the time for
      demonstration of a significant rise of the antibody titer had been missed, the
      demonstration of rubella specific IgM confirmed the diagnosis of German measles.
      This demonstration was still possible in 9 out of 10 cases 5 to 7 weeks after the
      onset of the disease, but in only 2 out 7 cases 8 to 15 weeks after the onset of
      the disease. 2. In 48 patients who had contact with patients with German measles
      but did not develop any symptoms, a primary infection could not be excluded by
      the examination of the whole serum. In 5 out of them rubella specific IgM
      indicted a recent rubella infection. 3. Rubella specific IgM could not be
      demonstrated in 47 patients who had high antibody titers but no other hints for a
      recent rubella infection. 4. In 89 newborns, the investigation was prompted, when
      elevated IgM levels were found in umbilical cord blood, or when the newborn was
      sick, or when a rubella infection of the mother was suspected or proven. Rubella
      infection of the newborn was confirmed by rubella specific IgM only if the mother
      had contracted German measles during the first trimester of the pregnancy (6 out
      of 7 cases). The diagnosis of primary rubella infection during pregnancy is
      proven only if 2 out the fose in antibody titer, demonstration of rubella
      specific IgM.

PMID- 1205501
TI  - [Pertussis and it complications-analysis of hospitalized patients in Hamburg 1950
      1970 (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1950 to 1970 in Hamburg, 9240 patients under 15 years of age were treated as
      inpatients for pertussis. 1674 patients had pneumonia due to pertussis, 114 had
      pertussis encephalopathies, and 41 seizures. The fatality from pneumonia went
      from 2,26% (1950-1960) to 0,4% (1961-1970). Fatality from encephalopathy was less
      influenced (24% respectively, 17,9%). The mild clinical course of pertussis is
      also reflected in the reduced number of hospitalizations due to pertussis (1956,
      3,7%; 1970, 0,8%). Permanent damage from complications due to pertussis was seen
      in 0,7% of survivors from pertussis pneumonia and in 3,4% after pertussis
      encephalopathy.

PMID- 1205502
TI  - [Microbiological environmental studies in hospitals].

PMID- 1205503
TI  - The use of baboon IgG-sensitized sheep erythrocytes as an alternative indicator
      system in the study of the interaction of rheumatoid factor with human IgG.

PMID- 1205504
TI  - Inhibition of mitogen mediated lymphocyte blastogenesis by adenosine.
AB  - The effect of adenosine on the proliferative response of human peripheral
      circulating lymphocytes to stimulation by concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin and
      pokeweed mitogen was evaluated. Increasing concentrations of adenosine
      substantially inhibited mitogen mediated lymphocyte blastogenesis. Erythro-9(2
      hydroxyl-3-nonyl) adenine. HCl enhanced the inhibitory effect of adenosine.
      Inosine, the deamination product of adenosine, had an inhibitory effect which was
      less than that of adenosine. Inhibition by adenosine may be relevant to the
      normal regulation of immune function and may account in part for the
      pathophysiological relationship between severe combined immunodeficiency disease
      and adenosine deaminase deficiency.

PMID- 1205505
TI  - Spontaneous release of soluble HL-A antigens from platelets during conservation.
AB  - Experiments with the aim of studying the solubilisation of HL-A antigens from
      blood platelets by methods which do not involve any biologically active processes
      (moderate, discontinuous agitation of a low concentration of platelets suspended
      in a saline medium, in the presence of an antiseptic; supernatants collected at
      frequent intervals) have shown that platelets release membrane proteins,
      including HL-A antigens, spontaneously. Optimal conditions for the treatment of
      membrane proteins have been perfected. The great stability of HL-A antigens under
      these conditions permits prolonged treatment. The products extracted are soluble
      and extremely complex. The molecular weight of the HL-A antigens is between
      40,000 and 70,000.

PMID- 1205506
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism in PHA stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) stimulated in vitro by
      phytohemoagglutinin (PHA) manifest augmented glycolysis and oxidation of glucose
      1-14C, indicating an increased utilization of the pentose pathway. Lactic acid
      production, as index of increased glycolysis, follows the same kinetic of
      thymidine incorporation and can be easily quantitated by an enzymatic assay.

PMID- 1205507
TI  - Induction of gastric ulcers in the forestomachetomized albino rats by Shay
      operation.

PMID- 1205508
TI  - Epidermal urocanic acid & histidase of albino guineapig following total body UV
      irradiation.

PMID- 1205509
TI  - Effect of excess methionine administration on protein synthesis in developing rat
      brain.

PMID- 1205510
TI  - Simple medium for growth of Hartmannella culbertsoni & its encystation.

PMID- 1205511
TI  - Some observations on sensitisation of isolated swim bladder of teleost fish
      Ophiocephalus punctatus Bloch. to acetylcholine by the extract of caudal
      neurosecretory substances.

PMID- 1205512
TI  - A rapid autoradiographic technique for chromosomal squash preparations.

PMID- 1205514
TI  - Nucleic acids & protein synthesis in adenosine treated Ehrlich mouse ascites
      tumour cells.

PMID- 1205513
TI  - Antagonism of antihypertensive effect of clonidine by imipramine &
      desmethylimipramine in renal hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1205516
TI  - Pinocytic activity in neuraminidase treated ameba.

PMID- 1205515
TI  - Alpha-amylase & maltase in mouse placenta.

PMID- 1205518
TI  - Effect of glucagon upon blood glucose level of the fresh water fish Channa
      punctatus (Bloch).

PMID- 1205517
TI  - Dietary fats & serum proteins in chicks.

PMID- 1205519
TI  - Changes in collagen during embryonic growth of the garden lizard Calotes
      versicolor (Daudin).

PMID- 1205520
TI  - Modified method for isolation of verbascose from cajanus cajan (red gram).

PMID- 1205521
TI  - Variations in the lipid content of the fat body in the viviparous cockroach
      Nauphoeta cinerea (Olivier) with reference to ovarian cycle.

PMID- 1205522
TI  - Aspects of nitrogen excretion during aestivation in the amphibious snail Pila
      globosa (Swainson): evidence for enzyme urease susceptibility to neuroendocrine
      influence.

PMID- 1205523
TI  - Pathomorphology of liver & bile duct of the heron, Bubulcus ibis Linn., infected
      with the trematode, Pegosomum egretti Srivastava, 1957.

PMID- 1205524
TI  - Influence of diet on amylase activity in the fish Channa punctatus (Bloch).

PMID- 1205525
TI  - Studies on Dysdercus koenigii: effect of temperature & humidity on the cerebral &
      extracerebral neurosecretory cells during postembryonic development.

PMID- 1205526
TI  - Effects of thiourea treatment on thyroid & ovary of the catfish Heteropneustes
      fossilis (Bloch).

PMID- 1205527
TI  - Ultraviolet injury of connective tissue.

PMID- 1205528
TI  - Free amino acid composition in the denervation atrophy of gastrocnemius muscle of
      the frog Rana hexadactyla.

PMID- 1205529
TI  - Effect of certain neurohumors on thyroid gland.

PMID- 1205530
TI  - Proteinases in rat epididymis & testis.

PMID- 1205531
TI  - Oxygen consumption in relation to body size & respiratory surface area of a fresh
      water mud-eel Macrognathus aculeatum (Bloch).

PMID- 1205532
TI  - Effect of chronic nicotine administration on the intestinal mucosal alkaline
      phosphatase in rats.

PMID- 1205533
TI  - Studies on the physiology of excretion in the fresh water prosobranch Pila
      virens: Part I. Pattern of excretion in the normal & post aestivating P. virens.

PMID- 1205534
TI  - Studies on the physiology of excretion in the fresh water proso-branch Pila
      virens: Part II. Effect of osmotic stress on excretion.

PMID- 1205535
TI  - Effect of bacterial & fungal extracts & metabolic inhibitors on excystment of
      soil amoebae.

PMID- 1205536
TI  - Possibilities of in vivo & in vitro reactivation of heat inactivated vaccinia
      virus.

PMID- 1205537
TI  - Serum cholinesterase as index of liver injury: an experimental study.

PMID- 1205538
TI  - 11beta-hydroxylation of progesterone with Curvularia lunata.

PMID- 1205539
TI  - Studies on epinephrine & carbachol induced metabolic changes in Bubalus bubalis.

PMID- 1205540
TI  - New antifungal substance from Alpinia officinarum Hance.

PMID- 1205541
TI  - Chronic bronchitis in rural population.

PMID- 1205542
TI  - Serum magnesium concentrations in pulmonary heart disease.

PMID- 1205543
TI  - Clinical aspects of pleuro-pulmonary amoebiasis.

PMID- 1205544
TI  - Surgical aspects of pleuro-pulmonary amoebiasis.

PMID- 1205545
TI  - Role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in tropical pulmonary eosinophilia.

PMID- 1205546
TI  - Bronchiectasis: a clinical study.

PMID- 1205547
TI  - Coin lesions.

PMID- 1205548
TI  - Rheumatoid lung.

PMID- 1205549
TI  - Barium granuloma following bronchography: a case report.

PMID- 1205550
TI  - Radiology of bronchiectasis.

PMID- 1205551
TI  - Influenza virus type C (Taylor's 1233) in egg allantois.

PMID- 1205552
TI  - Conservative management of tubercular broncho-pleural fistula.

PMID- 1205553
TI  - Agenesis of the lung.

PMID- 1205554
TI  - Pulmonary agenesis associated with crossed renal ectopia.

PMID- 1205555
TI  - Fibrous dysplasia of the rib: a case report.

PMID- 1205556
TI  - Central nervous control of venous tone. III. Responses of capacitance and
      resistance vessels of skin to bulbar and hypothalamic stimulation.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of 350 points in the bulbar formation of 35 dogs under
      chloralose anaesthesia demonstrated the presence of sites producing increase or
      decrease of systemic arterial pressure (SAP) in the same general morphological
      limits of bulbar pressor and depressor regions as described by earlier authors.
      Simultaneous recording of pressure changes in the cutaneous vessels however
      demonstrated that pressure changes in these vessels did not correspond to the
      pressor or depressor effects of the SAP. Instead, responses were obtained in
      which pressures in cutaneous capacitance and resistance vessels followed a trend
      which was opposite in direction and magnitude to that of SAP. Thus there were 30
      depressor sites which produce increase in cutaneous vessel pressure and 23
      pressor sites which produced a fall in cutaneous vessel pressure. For a marked
      rise in the SAP, only 62 sites elicited equally marked increase in both
      capacitance and resistance vessel pressure, while another 52 elicited only a
      small increase of equivalent magnitude in the capacitance and resistance vessels.
      Stimulation of 84 points produced dissimilar effects on capacitance and
      resistance vessels out of which 38 elicited moderate increase in resistance
      vessel tone with minimal changes in the capacitance vessel tone, while 46 points
      elicited moderate increase in capacitance vessel tone with only a small increase
      in the resistance vessel tone. These points were diffusely admixed in the bulbar
      reticular formation. Effects which were exclusive to the capacitance and
      resistance vessels of skin, singly or in combination, without affecting the SAP
      were elicited from 12 points while another 28 points produced marked rise or fall
      of systemic arterial pressure without affecting the cutaneous vessels. These
      observations suggest that the neuronal organisation regulating cardiovascular
      activities at the bulbar level is quite complex having the capacity to generate
      varying activities in different components of the vascular circuits by
      differentially altering the discharge of the efferent sympathetic fibres on the
      one hand, and marked selectivity of action on any particular vascular bed or
      circulatory component on the other hand. Stimulation of 93 points in the
      hypothalamus produced similar patterns of response as obtained from medulla
      oblongata. In addition, stimulation of 6 points in the anterior hypothalamus
      produced a distinctive response accompanied by dilatation of cutaneous resistance
      and capacitance vessels with marked increase in respiratory rate and minimal
      changes in the SAP. This type of response which resembled the physiological
      response employed for heat loss was not obtained from any stimulation site in the
      medulla oblongata.

PMID- 1205557
TI  - Effects of heat--stress in rats: Critical period and reduced survival of post
      implantation heat-stress inducted in early gestation.
AB  - High ambient temperature (34.4 C degrees and 60-65% relative humidity (RH) did
      not affect foetal survival when bred female rats were exposed between day-8 and 
      18 (Day-0=day of breeding). Heat-stress at this intensity given on day-0 was
      critical for embryonic and/or foetal survival rate and more so, if the ambient
      temperature was increased to 36.6 C degrees and 70-75% RH than on day-1.
      Postimplantation foetal survival was reduced due to heat-stress given only during
      early gestation period.

PMID- 1205558
TI  - Effects of heat--stress in rats. II. Factor(s) responsible for reduced embroynic
      and/or foetal survival percentage.
AB  - High ambient temperature (34.4 C degrees and 60-65% relative humidity (RH failed
      to maintain optimum embryonic and/or foetal survival rate in ovariectomized
      pregnant rats given exogenous progesterone and oestrone injections. A still
      higher ambient environment (36.6 C degrees and 70-75% RH) did not affect the
      decidual cell response (DCR) in psuedo-pregnant rats. Heat stress did not result
      either in insufficiency or lack of progesterone and hence the latter two are not
      factors for the heat stress causing embryonic and/or foetal loss. The possibility
      of the failure of oestrone being converted to oestradiol or an intrinsic
      interference of RNA synthesis to be the factors responsible for embryonic and/or
      foetal loss caused by heat stress has been examined.

PMID- 1205560
TI  - Effect of Krebs cycle metabolites on frog heart.
AB  - All the Krebs metabolites except pyruvate, lactate, acetate and succinate reduced
      the force and rate of myocardial contractions and also decreased cardiac output
      in frog. Succinate on the contrary was found to augment the rate and force of
      heart. The cardiac stimulation produced by epinephrine was reduced by fumarate,
      malate, oxaloacetate and alpha-oxoglutarate, whereas transaconitate and citrate
      produced only a slight inhibition. Pyruvate, lactate, acetate and succinate did
      not alter cardiac response to epinephrine.

PMID- 1205559
TI  - Central nervous system pharmacology of propranolol.
AB  - In rats, propranolol potentiated alcohol and pentobarbitone hypnosis, but not
      barbital sleeping time, indicating enzyme inhibition as a possible mechanism of
      potentiation. Propranolol showed anticonvulsant effect on normal and reserpine
      treated rats by MES test, but showed dose related lowering of MET. Probable
      mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 1205561
TI  - Isolated innervated, rat and guinea-pig hemi-urinary bladder preparations.
AB  - Isolated innervated hemi-urinary bladder preparations of the rat and the guinea
      pig have been described. In durability and behaviour to different frequencies of
      stimulation, the guinea-pig hemi-bladder is shown to give comparable results to
      those reported for the whole nerve-bladder. The rat hemi-bladder gave less
      durable contractions on prolonged stimulation. It is shown that the isolated
      guinea-pig hemi-bladder can be substituted for the isolated whole bladder
      preparation.

PMID- 1205562
TI  - Letter to the editor: Hypoglycaemic activity of Acacia arabica, Acacia benthami
      and Acacia modesta leguminous seed diets in normal young albino rats.

PMID- 1205563
TI  - Letter to the editor: Effect of chlorpromazine and prochlorperazine on gamma
      aminobutyric acid (GABA) content of rat brain.

PMID- 1205564
TI  - Right atrial 'a' wave in tetralogy of Fallot.

PMID- 1205565
TI  - Congenital cardiac malformations in the newborns: a clinico-pathological study.

PMID- 1205566
TI  - Urinary phenolic acids of normal neonates.

PMID- 1205567
TI  - Preliminary studies on iron kinetics in childhood.

PMID- 1205568
TI  - Pulmonary function studies in normal children.

PMID- 1205569
TI  - A study of low birth weight babies in a special care unit.

PMID- 1205570
TI  - Study of gastric smear examination as an index for detection of early neonatal
      infection.

PMID- 1205571
TI  - A study of patient-compliance in urban out-patient pediatric practice.

PMID- 1205572
TI  - Study of helminthiasis in children and evaluation of tetramisole in ascariasis.

PMID- 1205573
TI  - Comparison of pyrantel and tetramisole in ascariasis.

PMID- 1205574
TI  - A retrospective study of infant mortality.

PMID- 1205575
TI  - Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (chondro ectodermal dysplasia) associated with single
      atrium.

PMID- 1205576
TI  - Craniostenosis.

PMID- 1205577
TI  - Osteopetrosis with rickets: report of two cases.

PMID- 1205578
TI  - Pierre Robin syndrome with congenital hepatic fibrosis.

PMID- 1205579
TI  - Chyloperitoneum: a case report.

PMID- 1205580
TI  - Parotid hemangioendothelioma: a case report.

PMID- 1205581
TI  - Acute phenothiazine intoxication in children.

PMID- 1205582
TI  - Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis: a case report.

PMID- 1205583
TI  - [Basics on the application technics of infusions].
AB  - For the application of infusion solutions the subclavian catheter is best suited.
      The sometimes serious complications resulting from it can only be avoided by
      exact insertion technique and observation of the contraindications. In rare cases
      the vena-cava-inferior catheter serves as an alternative access. For short-term
      infusions and in the case of non-occurring circulation centralisation arm and leg
      venipuncture can be applied. Due to frequent complications and difficulties
      arising during insertion the brachial vein catheter is contraindicated.

PMID- 1205584
TI  - [Infusion therapy in disorders of the sodium and water balance].
AB  - Water depletion, water in excess and sodium depletion are the most important
      disturbance of sodium-water balance. Water, electrolytes and acid-base balance
      have always to be considered in their complex correlation because of their
      various interrdependency. The restoration of balance concerning imput and output
      is considered as a basic principle of any intravenous therapy.

PMID- 1205585
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the potassium balance with special
      reference to infusion therapy].
AB  - Following a short review of the physiological regulation of body potassium
      diagnostic procedures to detect disturbances in potassium balance are cited. The
      limited value of serum potassium concentration is emphasized. Possible caused of
      potassium deficiency and prophylactic measures to prevent negative potassium
      balance are summarized including oral and parenteral potassium administration. A
      synopsis of the causes of hyperkalemia is followed by a description of
      therapeutical measures. Chronic hyperkalemia may be treated by oral or rectal
      administration of ion-exchange resins, while acute lifethreatening hyperkalemia
      is corrected by infusion of isotonic saline, glucose and insulin, and calcium
      gluconate as well as by correction of metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate.
      In patients with intact renal function these measures will generally result in
      rapid correction of increased serum potassium levels.

PMID- 1205586
TI  - Editorial: The social responsibility of the surgeon.

PMID- 1205587
TI  - Traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta-a radiological pitfall.
AB  - A previously undescribed feature of a traumatic thoracic aneurysm is presented.
      The pateint was a young motor cyclist who sustained multiple injuries and died 10
      days after admission from delayed rupture of the thoracic aorta which had
      dissected along oesophageal planes into the stomach. Although the radiological
      features of traumatic mediastinal haematoma were evident shortly after injury,
      these features had disappeared in later radiographs creating a false sense of
      security.

PMID- 1205588
TI  - Long-term follow-up of a series of infected fractures of the tibia.
AB  - The management of chronic infection in fractures by a method I described in 1965
      which was shown to give a better than 9 out of 10 chance of wound healing, is now
      shown to offer at least a 6 out of 10 chance of wounds remaining healed for 10
      years. Amputation is almost never necessary.

PMID- 1205589
TI  - Traumatic arteriovenous fistulae.
AB  - Twenty-two cases of arteriovenous fistulae are reviewed retrospectively, with
      particular emphasis on their clinical presentation, physical signs,
      investigations and management. This review allows us to make certain conclusions
      for the future diagnosis and management of this condition.

PMID- 1205590
TI  - Subclavian artery rupture (an unusual seat-belt injury).
AB  - A case of blunt injury to the subclavian artery in the absence of bony injury or
      dislocation sustained while wearing a seat belt is described. Its rarity and
      diagnostic pitfalls are discussed. The mechanism of the injury is analysed. The
      value of angiography is emphazided. It is suggested that, even in the presence of
      collateral circulation, exploration and repair should be undertaken.

PMID- 1205591
TI  - Olecranon fractures in children.
AB  - A series of 40 cases of fractures of the olecranon in children under the age of
      11 years is presented. These fractures are commonest at 5 years of age and are
      almost twice as common in boys as in girls. The fracture is usually undisplaced
      and incomplete; fractures in the long axis of the ulna (the 'longitudinal split'
      fracture) are not uncommon in children. Associated injury of the proximal end of
      the radius is recognized. Only 2 cases were sufficiently displaced to require
      open reduction. Although immobilization in plaster with the elbow at 90 degree
      for a month is usually recommended, the results indicate that in the usual
      undisplaced and incomplete fracture, a period of 3 weeks in a sling may be all
      the treatment necessary.

PMID- 1205592
TI  - Fracture recurrence in children.
AB  - A group of 20 children are described who presented with refracture (predominently
      affecting the forearm). The most likely causes were a combination of premature
      cessation of splintage combined with excessively reckless physical activity, the
      latter factor being of major importance. The problem is not a major one except
      where a significant increase of deformity occurs in refractures of the forearm.

PMID- 1205593
TI  - Riot injuries to policemen. An analysis of 808 policemen injured in roiting
      between 1969 and 1972 in Northern Ireland.
AB  - Injuries to 808 policemen injured in rioting in Northern Ireland are analysed.
      The causes and effect of the injuries are discussed especially in relation to the
      protective clothing worn, and modification are suggested.

PMID- 1205594
TI  - A case of traumatic bilateral superficial dislocation of the testis.
AB  - A rare case of traumatic bilateral dislocation of the testis is described.
      Aetiology, management, factors which influence treatment and prognosis, and the
      differential diagnosis are discussed.

PMID- 1205595
TI  - The results of operative and non-operative management of tibial fractures.
AB  - A series of 160 fractures of the tibia in 155 patients is analysed. Eighty
      patients were operated on' intramedullary nails were used in 33, AO plates in 29
      and screws in 18 cases. In the final evaluation the result was classified as good
      in 39, fair in 27, and poor in 14 cases in the non-operative group, and 40, 25
      and 15 in the operative group. Fracture comminution had a significant effect on
      foot and ankle motion.

PMID- 1205596
TI  - External fixation of the pelvic girdle with a trapezoid compression frame.
AB  - The compression obtained with external anchorage in the anterior and posterior
      part of the pelvic girdle has been studied with a measuring device in the
      sacroiliac joint and and the symphysis of a specimen pelvis. Two models of
      external frames were tested, in both of which anchorage to the pelvic bone was
      brought about with 3 pins inserted in the iliac crests. The results were best
      with a trapezoid frame and bar exerting a compressive force on the pelvic girdle.
      When mounted with an inclination of 70 degrees to the long axis of the body, the
      frame exerted considerable compression on the posterior part of the pelvic
      girdle. This mounting afforded good stability of the detached hemipelvis. The
      trapezoid compression frame is recommended as an alternative to conventional
      methods of treating unstable fractures and dislocations of the pelvic girdle.

PMID- 1205597
TI  - Tension band writing: a method to prevent 'backing out' of the kirschner wire.

PMID- 1205598
TI  - Penetrating injuries of the neck.
AB  - In view of the close arrangement of a large number of vital structures in the
      neck, penetrating wounds in this region should be considered as potentially
      lethal. Nineteen cases of injury to great vessels and food and air passages which
      required repair are analysed. There were 4 deaths, giving an overall mortality of
      21 per cent. Two of these were injuries of the subclavian and innominate veins
      when prolonged delay for resuscitation was probably the main reason for the
      deaths. The third was in a patient with tracheal injury in whom a coexistent
      oesophageal lesion was missed and the fourth a case of spinal cord injury. When
      adequate exposure cannot be obtained by exploration of the neck, median
      sternotomy or anterior thoracotomy is advisable.

PMID- 1205599
TI  - Traumatic intercostal pulmonary hernia.
AB  - A case of intercostal pulmonary hernia following blunt trauma to the chest wall
      is reported. This type of hernia is a benign disorder. Although most lung herniae
      need operative treatment, it is reasonable to wait for spontaneous regression.

PMID- 1205600
TI  - Jaundice as a sign of delayed gall-bladder perforation following blunt abdominal
      trauma.
AB  - A case of delayed rupture of the gall-bladder following blund abdominal trauma is
      presented. A discussion of the aetiology, clinical and biochemical
      manifestations, and prognosis of this condition follows.

PMID- 1205601
TI  - Burns to infants using walking aids.
AB  - Thirty-one burns and scalds to infants using walking aids are recorded. The
      mechanism of injury and resulting morbidity are described. The need for more
      rigerous precautions is discussed.

PMID- 1205602
TI  - Fractures of the clavicle.
AB  - Three hundred and forty-two patients with fractures of the clavicle attended the
      Fractrure Clinic at Bridgend General Hospital between 1957 and 1972. The history
      of injury was recorded in the notes at the first visit but in only 215 cases was
      the exact mechanism of the injury clearly stated. Of these, 91 per cent were
      caused by a fall or a blow on the point of the shoulder. All patients were
      treated symptomatically. A triangular sling was applied to support the weight of
      the arm and early use of the limb was encouraged. One hundred unselected patients
      were followed up, the longest period being 15 years and the shortest, 1 year.
      None had any loss of function of muscle power at the shoulder. Only 15 per cent
      were left with any noteworthy deformity at the site of fracture.

PMID- 1205603
TI  - Anterior dislocation of the hip.

PMID- 1205605
TI  - Fractures of the radius and ulna in children.
AB  - A consecutive series of 375 fractures of the radius and ulna in children of up to
      15 years is described. At discharge from the fracture clinic, 65 failed to
      achieve a satisfactory result. After 4 years, however, only 9 children did not
      have normal function and only 1 was aware of any disability. The natural history
      of this injury is towards a complete functional recovery in the vast majority of
      cases.

PMID- 1205604
TI  - Fractures of the neck of the femur in childhood and adolescence.
AB  - Twenty cases of fracture of the neck of the femur in children and adolescents
      below the age of 20 were reviewed. The most important single prognostic factor
      was the degree of displacement of the fracture at the time of injury. Undisplaced
      fractures, whether treated conservatively or by internal fixation, did well.
      Displaced fractures, however, always required internal fixation with thin pins
      after accurate correction of displacement. The various complications of this
      fracture in children are discussed. Acute necrosis of articular cartilage
      following this fracture in children is recorded for the first time in 2 cases.

PMID- 1205606
TI  - Tibial shaft fractures treated by rigid internal fixation: the early results in a
      4-year series.
AB  - Ninety-nine fractures of the shaft of the tibia in 98 patients were treated by
      rigid internal fixation over 4 years. One patient died after operation from
      myocardial infarction; and one patient went abroad. The healing course of the
      remaining 97 fractures is described, classified according to the type of fracture
      and the accuracy of operative reduction. Seventy-five fractures had a normal time
      to union, defined as the lasting achievement of full weight-bearing within 4
      months. In 7 fractures the healing period was moderately delayed (full weight
      bearing being achieved in 4-6 months) and in 5 it was seriously delayed,
      requiring 6-11 months after injury. Nonunion occurred in 4 cases and refracture
      in 6 cases. Osteitis developed in 2 cases and was successfully treated with
      antibiotics within 6 weeks. A second internal fixation was necessary in 12
      patients. In 5 patients a plaster cast was applied to treat delayed union.
      Amputation was necessary in a 75-year-old man with senile dementia who developed
      infection after a second operation for refracture. One patient still has a
      pseudarthrosis after 2 years and 2 further operations. In the other 95 fractures
      union was the end-result. Of the 21 comminuted and open fractures only 13 healed
      within 4 months. We recommend a different approach in the treatment of badly
      comminuted and open 'high-energy' fractures. With this reservation, we find that
      the method of rigid internal fixation which we employ has given satisfactory
      early results. The frequency of both delayed healing and infection is reasonably
      low compared to the results in similar series.

PMID- 1205607
TI  - Dislocation of the hip associated with fracture of the femoral head.
AB  - With increasing numbers of road traffic accidents, dislocation of the hip
      associated with fracture of the femoral head is becoming more common. Seven cases
      are presented. Treatment of this injury is difficult but it is suggested that
      conservative methods should be considered initially. Long-term follow-up is
      necessary as many of these patients develop late complications.

PMID- 1205608
TI  - Fracture-dislocations of the elbow.
AB  - This paper presents a series of 105 cases of fracture-dislocation of the elbow
      joint. All these fractures differ in mechanism, age of patient and method of
      treatment, so problems arise in classification. Causes can be grouped together
      more easily than in principles of treatment. The cases are classified into 2
      major groups and 10 subgroups. Single fracture types are analysed and the optimal
      type of treatment is studied. As with all joint fractures, adequate
      reconstruction is obilgatory to remove all steps in the articular cartilage, and
      rigid fixation is mandatory except for the radial head, where excision is
      indicated. The different fracture types and their relevant operations are
      illustrated with examples.

PMID- 1205609
TI  - Letter: Hip dislocations.

PMID- 1205610
TI  - Letter: Accident and emergency departments.

PMID- 1205611
TI  - Injuries of the urethra in the male.

PMID- 1205612
TI  - Trauma to the urethra.
AB  - Little is known of the exact aetiology of traumatic stricture of the urethra, but
      the first clinical presentation can be delayed many years after the trauma.
      Diagnosis can be made on clinical grounds alone and the passage of a catheter is
      condemned as clinically misleading and surgically dangerous. Partial rupture is
      relatively common and every effort should be made to preseve the remaining bridge
      of tissue which may still be viable. Initial treatment should ensure that no
      additional damage is done to the urethra by converting a partial rupture into a
      complete transection.

PMID- 1205613
TI  - An analysis of the post-mortem findings in the 21 victims of the Birmingham pub
      bombings.
AB  - On the evening of 21 November, 1974 explosions occurred almost simultaneously in
      two crowded public houses in the centre of Birmingham. Of the 21 people who died,
      18 were killed outright and 3 died later in hospital. All 21 cases showed the
      terrible multiple injuries associated with close proximity to a powerful
      explosion within a confined space. Although all the victims suffered one or more
      injuries which alone would have been fatal, certain patterns of injury were noted
      which, if appreciated early in any future similar incident, may help to save the
      lives of those who are futher removed from the centre of the explosion or exposed
      to one of lesser force.

PMID- 1205614
TI  - The inter-related problems of an accident service and the accident and emergency
      department.

PMID- 1205615
TI  - Antigenic variation of Streptococcus mutans colonizing gnotobiotic rats.
AB  - Strains of Streptococcus mutans representative of serotypes b and d exhibited
      antigenic variation in both the oral cavity and in the intestinal canal of
      gnotobiotic rats. Laboratory-maintained cultures did not vary. The antigenic
      alterations observed were: (i) loss of detectable levels of both weakly reacting
      "strain" antigens and the type antigen; (ii) decreased production of the type
      antigen; (ii) production of altered type antigen; and (iv) production of an
      antigen not possessed by the parent strain. Immunization of animals before
      monoinfection with S. mutans strain Bob-1 (serotype d) appeared to increase the
      rate of emergence of antigenically altered mutants in the intestinal canal, and
      more diversely altered isolates were obtained. Antigenic variation may account in
      part for the variation noted by several investigators in attempting to immunize
      animals against S. mutans-induced dental caries.

PMID- 1205617
TI  - Multiple sclerosis-associated agent: transmission to animals and some properties
      of the agent.
AB  - In confirmation and extension of observations by Carp and his associates, brain
      tissue and sera from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were found to harbor
      an agent which induces a transitory depression in polymorphonuclear leukocytes
      (PMN) in mice as well as in rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs. All of eight MD
      brains contained this agent at titers as high as 10(-9)/g of brain tissue. The
      agent was found in MS sera at titers up to 10(-3)/ml of serum, but its presence
      depended to some extent on the clinical status of the patients; it was observed
      more frequently in sera of patients with active disease (73%) thatn in sera of
      patients with quiescent disease (31%). Control brain tissues or sera failed to
      induce PMN depression. The apparently MS-associated agent (MSAA) passed through
      50-nm but not 25-nm membrane filters (Millipore Corp.) and was largely sedimented
      at 105,000 X g but not at 50,000 X g for 1 h. It multiplied to high titers in the
      central nervous tissue of the inoculated animals and could be serially
      transmitted from animal to animal by passage of brain homeganates. Various
      observations and considerations appear to preclude that MS-associated agent
      represents an indigenous animal virus. Although its role in MS remains to be
      determined, it should be considered a candidate for the etiology of this disease.

PMID- 1205616
TI  - Mycoplasma-mediated hyporeactivity to various interferon inducers.
AB  - Three strains of Mycoplasma arthritidis were shown to induce marked
      hyporeactivity in mice to interferon induction by both Newcastle disease virus
      and poly(I:C). In contrast, the interferon response of mice to tilorone was only
      partially suppressed by pretreatment of the animals with mycoplasms.
      Hyporeactivity to Newcastle disease virus was maximal 1 and 3 days after
      mycoplasms treatment, but the interferon response was maximal 1 day after
      injection of the mycoplasmas and was no longer apparent by 5 days. No
      relationship was found between the ability of the mycoplasms themselves to induce
      interferon and the degree of hyporeactivity produced. These results suggest that
      mycoplasmas may alter virus-host relationships in vivo.

PMID- 1205618
TI  - Multiple sclerosis-associated agent: neutralization of the agent by human sera.
AB  - A total of 172 sera from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), theri relatives
      and nursing personnel, patients with other neurological and nonneurological
      diseases, and healthy donors living in the United State or East Africa under
      vastly divergent hygienic conditions were examined for their capacity to
      neutralize the MS-associated agent (MSAA), which induces in experimental animals
      a transitory depression of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). A
      considerable proportion of sera from MS patients and their relatives or nursing
      personnel and East African donors revealed neutralizing activity, but only one of
      59 sera from American donors without known contacts with MS patients revealed
      neutralizing activity. Some of the sera could be diluted 100- or 1,000- fold and
      still prevent, or substantially reduce, PMN depressions in mice. The neutralizing
      activity was shown to be associated with the immunoglobulin fractions of sera and
      therefore appears to be due to an antibody. Cerebrospinal fluids from MS, but not
      other, patients also strongly neutralized MSAA. Evidence has been presented that
      sera from MS patients may contain both MSAA and MSAA neutralizing antibodies.
      Antigen-antibody complexes were separated from such sera by high-speed
      centrifugation, and neutralizing antibodies were dissociated from them at a low
      pH. Whereas the data are as yet limited due to the vagaries and complexities of
      the test procedures, they provide further evidence that MSAA is not an indigenous
      virus of experimental animals, causes infections in man, and is indeed closely
      associated with MS. If it were the cause of MS, which remains to be ascertained,
      the data imply that not all infections by MSAA lead to the development of MS.

PMID- 1205619
TI  - In vitro radiolabeling procedure which labels the proteins of Newcastle disease
      virions with carbon-14.
AB  - A convenient and gentle procedure was used for in vitro radioisotopic labeling
      the proteins of Newcastle disease virus. This method, which utilizes
      [14C]formaldehyde and sodium borohydride, labels all the proteins of purified
      Newcastle disease virus. Virions labeled in this manner retained biological and
      biopysical integrity

PMID- 1205620
TI  - Effect of dextranase on the extracellular polysaccharide synthesis of
      Streptococcus mutans; chemical and scanning electron microscopy studies.
AB  - A dextranase preparation (AD17) partially purified from a culture liquor of
      Spicaria violacea strain IFO 6120 significantly inhibited the formation of
      artifcial dental plaque on a steel wire or on an extracted tooth surface. Changes
      in the surface morphology of Streptococcus mutans cells due to AD17 action were
      studied using scanning electron microscopy. S. mutans cells grown in 5% sucrose
      containing broth were coated with sticky amorphous capsule-like material, whereas
      cells grown in sucrose in the presence of AD17 or in glucose instead of sucrose
      did not synthesize such capsular material. AK17 degraded commercially available
      dextrans of molecular weight 7 X 1(04) and 2 X 10(6) to liberate glucose and
      various oligosaccharides, including isomaltose. On the other hand, AD17
      hydrolyzed the extracellular polysaccharides (mainly glucan in nature) of some
      strains of S. mutans to a limited degree. Only 15 to 36% of the total
      polysaccharides were hydrolyzed by AD1M with little release of isomaltose.
      Prolonged incubation of the polysaccharides from S. mutans with AD17 did not
      release additional reducing sugars, which indicates that AD17 did not contain
      alpha-1,3-glucanase activity. These results suggest that glucosidic linkages
      which are susceptible to AD17 may play an important role in the adherence of S.
      mutans cells to smooth surfaces.

PMID- 1205621
TI  - Comparative toxic effect of the surface lipid of Corynebacterium ovis on
      peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - The postphagocytic effect on mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig peritoneal macrophages
      of a petrol-ether lipid extract from Corynebacterium ovis (C. pseudotuberculosis)
      representing the surface coat of the organism external to the cell wall was
      investigated by examing three parameters of cytotoxicity, viability assayed by
      dye exclusion, glycolytic activity, and ultrastructural morphology. The viability
      test demonstrated a lethal effect on normal and immune mouse macrophages but not
      on those of the rabbit or guinea  pig. Measurement of glycolsis indicated a
      significant degree of cytotoxicity in normal mouse macrophages ingesting lipid, a
      nonsignificant depression of activity in cells from immune mice, and no
      alteration in the activities of rabbit and guinea pig macrophages. Electron
      microscopy demonstrated that C. ovis surface lipid caused acute lethal injury in
      normal and immune mouse macrophages. The early stages of degeneration were
      typified by dilatation of the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi
      lamellae, and nuclear envelope, proceeding to focal disruption of various cell
      membranes, particularly those of the lipidcontaining phagolysosomes and nucleus.
      In contrast, over the 3-h period of study, no cytotoxic change was evident in
      rabbit or guinea pig macrophages. The results add further support to previous
      observations that the surface lipid of C. ovis plays a major role in the
      pathogenesis of the organism in mice, but they do not explain the guinea pig's
      marked susceptibility to infection.

PMID- 1205622
TI  - Comparison of the rate of absorption and proteolysis of [14C]choleragen and
      [14C]bovine serum albumin in the rat jejunum.
AB  - [14C]choleragen was used to study the rate of disappearance of choleragen
      enterotoxin from the jejunum of rats. [14C]bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied
      in a similar manner. Almost one-third of the labeled toxin had disappeared from
      the intestine after 6 h. Its rate of disappearance was the same in germfree rats
      as in conventional rats. The rate of proteolysis of [14C]choleragen and [14C]BSA
      by intestinal mucodal lysosomal enzymes was also studied. Neither was
      significantly degraded by neutral proteases; however, heat-inactivated toxin was.
      They were all degraded by acid proteases; however, the rate of BSA proteolysis
      was only one-third of that of toxin. Soybean trypsin inhibitor had no effect on
      the in vivo disappearance of toxin nor on the acid proteases. It did inhibit the
      neutral protease digestion of heat-treated toxin. Aprotinin and protamine
      inhibited disappearance in loops of gut but had no effect to inhibit degradation
      rates. Gangliosides inhibited both rates of disappearance and proolysis of toxin.
      These agents had some different effects on disappearance rates and proteolysis of
      BSA. The data indicate that cholera enterotoxin is absorbed by intestinal mucosal
      cells and is degraded by acid proteases in the cells.

PMID- 1205624
TI  - Thymus dependence of tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta) elimination from mice.
AB  - Although normal mice eliminated the lumen-dwelling intestinal cestode Hymenolepis
      diminuta by day 21 post-cysticercoid inoculation, congenitally thymus-deficient
      (nude) mice maintained their work burdens. Nude mice grafted with thymus glands
      or injected with thymus cells eliminated their worms.

PMID- 1205623
TI  - Effect of neonatal thymectomy on experimental subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
      in adult hamsters.
AB  - Syrian golden hamsters were thymectomized in the first 48 h of life, raised, and
      then inoculated intracerebrally with the HBS strain of hamster-adapted subacute
      sclerosing panencephalitis virus when over 12 weeks old. Two groups soon become
      apparent; one group showed progressive neurological susmptoms and the other group
      remained healthy. The sick hamsters became moribund between days 8 and 17
      postinoculation, and they had large amounts of complete virus in their brains, no
      antibodies to measles virus in their sera, and a demonstrated lack of thymus
      tissue. Pathological changes in the central nervous system included marked focal
      necrosis, numerous giant and inclusion-bearing cells, and slight inflammation.
      The healthy animals, killed at day 22 or 35 postinoculation, contained no central
      nervous system virus, moderate amounts of measles antibody in their sera, minimal
      or absent central nervous system pathology, and histologically identifiable
      remnants of thymus tissue. These studeis indicate that, in the hamster, the
      immune system is essential in recovering from central nervous system measles
      infection and that the antibody response to measles probably requires helper T
      lymphocytes to develop. Im the absence of antibody to measles, the virus did not
      undergo modification to a cell-associated state, as noted in previous hamster
      studies and in human subacute aclerosing panencephalitis. This model system may
      be useful for passive transfer studies to further clarify the effect of the n
      vivo immune response to acute and persistent central nervous system measles virus
      infections9

PMID- 1205625
TI  - [Fetal vaccinia (author's transl)].
AB  - The problems of vaccination in pregnancy are discussed with regard to the
      specific immunological circumstances of pregnancy and the immunological
      relationship between the mother and the fetus. In the whole medical literature
      only 18 cases of fetal vaccinia are described. The author emphasizes that fetal
      vaccinia is a complication of primovaccination of a pregnant woman. Experiments
      on rabbits disclosed that the suppression of cellular immunity in the mother may
      cause prolanged virusemia and thus favour intrauterine infection. Pregnancy is an
      absolute contraindication for primovaccination against smallpox.

PMID- 1205626
TI  - [Further pharmacokinetical observations on gentamicin (author's transl)].
AB  - Applying a single i.m. dose of 80 mg (41 patients) and 120 mg (23 patients) of
      gentamicin, respectively, investigations in females have shown that, although the
      bulk of the antibiotic is excreted with the urine within the first 24 hours after
      injection, slow excretion is maintained at a very low level. According to the
      dose administered gentamicin remains detectable in the urine for many days. Thus,
      after injection of 120 mg in two patients gentamicin was detectable in the urine
      for a period of up to 20 days. Peak serum levels one hour after i.m. injection of
      120 mg did not exceed 8.2 mug/ml, the mean concentration was 5.76 mug/ml. Serum
      half life was 2 hours. Studies of distribution in animal and human tissues have
      shown that gentamicin is accumulated almost exclusively in the kidneys, mainly in
      the cortex.

PMID- 1205627
TI  - [Central european tick-borne encephalitis from 1969 to 1972 in central bohemia
      (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1969 to 1972 1,080 patients admitted with a diagnosis of viral
      meningoencephalitis were treated at the Hospital for Infectious Diseases in
      Prague-Bulovka. In 633 of these patients tick-borne encephalitis could be
      detected serologically. The epidemiological conditions and the clinical course of
      the disease are described. Paresis of the extremities and the cranial nerves
      occurred in 12.8% of the patients; the outcome was fatal in 0.8%. Treatment in
      hospital usually lasted 3 to 4 weeks and patients were unfit for work for a
      further 6 to 10 weeks after dismissal.

PMID- 1205628
TI  - Rapidly reversible depression of delayed hypersensitivity in two children with
      visceral leishmaniasis.
AB  - Two cases of visceral leishmaniasis in children are described. In both "in vitro"
      lymphocyte response to mitogens and allogeneic cells was initially markedly
      depressed, but returned to normal within a few days after six days of treatment
      with N-methylglucamine antimonate; in one the candidin skin test reverted from
      negative to positive after treatment and in the other a circulating serum factor
      was found which strongly inhibited phytohemagglutinin--and mixed--responsiveness
      of normal lymphocytes, but disappeared after therapy.

PMID- 1205629
TI  - Pleura mesothelioma and exposure to asbestos. A retrospective case-control study
      in the Netherlands.

PMID- 1205630
TI  - [Cadmium-content in the human placenta (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205631
TI  - Effects of the inhalation of catalytically active metallic oxide fumes on
      rabbits.

PMID- 1205632
TI  - The effect of a high level of habitual physical activity in the regulation of
      fatness during aging.

PMID- 1205633
TI  - Effects of sonic booms on fingerpulse amplitudes during sleep.

PMID- 1205634
TI  - Effect of S-methylfenitrothion on the activity of cholinesterase and on the
      excretion of its metabolites in rats.

PMID- 1205635
TI  - [Factor analysis of an inventory about subjective health status, strain and job
      satisfaction of clerks in travelling mail service (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205636
TI  - [Retrospective study in 236 asbestos textile workers at hamburg (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1205637
TI  - Respiratory symptoms, chronic bronchitis, and ventilatory function in shipyard
      welders.

PMID- 1205638
TI  - Cholinesterase activity as a biological indicator of exposure to pesticides.

PMID- 1205639
TI  - [Effects of low carbon monoxide concentrations on flicker fusion frequency and on
      subjective feelings (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205641
TI  - Distribution and biotransformation of succinylcholine.

PMID- 1205640
TI  - Biotransformation of local anesthetics: General concepts.

PMID- 1205643
TI  - The radioisotope trace technique.

PMID- 1205642
TI  - In vitro breakdown products of anesthetics and adjuvant agents.

PMID- 1205644
TI  - Biotransformation of lidocaine.

PMID- 1205645
TI  - Biotransformation of drugs used as premedication agents.

PMID- 1205646
TI  - Biotransformation and distribution of muscle-relaxants.

PMID- 1205647
TI  - Economic class and differential access to care: comparisons among health care
      systems.
AB  - This paper presents a new technique for describing inequality of access to
      medical care. Access is described by the empirical relationship between need and
      the probability of entering the health care system for treatment. The need-entry
      probability relationship for one population group is compared with that for
      another population group to determine the extent of access differentials
      (differences in entry probabilities) at varying levels of need. As an
      illustrative application, the technique is employed to describe access
      differentials by economic class in six different geographic areas located in five
      different countries (Canada, England, Finland, Poland, United States) with
      differently structured health care systems. Although the findings for adults
      varied considerably from area to area, the access differentials among children
      were surprisingly consistent and unrelated to health care system structure. In
      particular, it appears that higher family income is associated with greater
      access to medical care among children at all levels of need. The paper concludes
      with suggestions for further applications of the proposed technique to problems
      of monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of policies aimed at reducing the
      extent of access inequality.

PMID- 1205648
TI  - Women and health care: a comparison of theories.
AB  - There are three distinct approaches to the analysis of women's position in
      society, and thus of women's relation to the health care system. Liberal
      feminists seek equal opportunity "within the system," deman equal opportunity and
      employment for women in health care, and are critical of the patronizing
      attitudes of physicians. Radical feminists reject "the system" as one based on
      the oppression of women and seek to build alternative structures to better fill
      their needs. They see the division between man and woman as the primary
      contradiction in society and patriarchy as its fundamental institution. They have
      initiated self-help groups and women's clinics to extend the base of health care
      controlled by women in their own interests. Marxist-feminists see the particular
      oppression of women as generated by contradications within the development of
      capitalism. Women's unpaid labor at home and underpaid labor in the work force
      both serve the interests of the owners of capital. The health care system serves
      these same interests; it maintains and perpetuates the social class structure
      while becoming increasingly alienated from the health needs of the majority of
      the population.

PMID- 1205649
TI  - Health service planning in a British new town.
AB  - The initial postwar development of new towns in Britain took place at a time when
      the present British National Health Service was in its infancy, and few attempts
      were made to integrate health service planning into the overall planning process.
      The more recent new towns have been the object of better social planning and, at
      the same time, the National Health Service has been substantially unified, at
      first functionally and, in 1974, administratively. In consequence, attempts have
      been made to use the opportunities which such towns present for planning health
      services in a comprehensive and integrated manner. The evolution of a planning
      and implementation structure for health services in Milton Keynes, a new town
      with a target population of 250,000, is described, together with some of the
      implications for the administratively unified National Health Service which came
      into being in 1974.

PMID- 1205650
TI  - National health planning in the United States: prospects and portents.
AB  - The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 in the United
      States demonstrates a growing determination in Congress to motivate the system of
      health services toward greater efficiency in utilization of resources. The Act
      was designed to overcome some of the weaknesses in earlier planning  legislation.
      More complete coverage and more functional local jurisdictions for planning
      should result. The Act provides better financial support, and more effective
      incentives and inducements to assure adherence to plans. Concern is expressed
      about aspects of the legislation which the authors feel may deserve
      consideration. The principle of delegating responsibility to voluntary agencies
      for disbursement of public funds is questioned, and the authors suggest that
      local public health authorities apply for designation as planning agencies.
      Reservation is expressed about the adequacy of regional organization as provided
      by the Act to accomplish its purposes, and the authors recommend demonstrations
      of regional administrative agencies to implement plans developed by Health
      Systems Agencies. Failure to incorporate the provision of the House planning bill
      to set up a national health policy council in the Act is considered unfortunate.
      Persistence in pursuing the course outlined in the Act is urged.

PMID- 1205651
TI  - Challenge to international agencies.
AB  - International health agencies face major changes requiring basic adjustments in
      approaches and values. The ethical issues include moral criteria for allocating
      scarce resources, relation of health to population growth and development,
      iatrogenic social consequences of health measures, and inappropriate transfer of
      technology. A proposed new style of international health work is summarized in
      five principles and ten guidelines. The principles are: development from below; a
      role shift from adviser collaborator; sequential research, demonstration, and
      implementation; concentration on problems of motivation; and parternship in
      approaches to mutually shared complex problems.

PMID- 1205652
TI  - Path analysis of socioeconomic correlates of county infant mortality rates.
AB  - Relationships between selected socioeconomic characteristics of counties and
      infant mortality rates are examined. There are two research objectives: to
      determine the extent to which low family income, low education, sound housing,
      and the percentage of blacks "directly" and "jointly" relate to neonatal and
      postneonatal mortality rates; and to determine the degree to which a zero-order
      correlation between a given socioeconomic measure and general infant mortality is
      transmitted by neonatal and postneonatal mortality rates, respectively. Data
      corresponding to 2237 counties in the United States are analyzed by path
      analysis. Results show that the percentage of blacks and low education are two
      variables which have appreciable direct effects on both components of infant
      mortality. These two factors are also responsible in large measure for gross
      associations between low family income, sound housing, and rates of infant loss.
      On the basis of this study it is estimated that approximately two-thirds of the
      zero-order correlation between a given county measure of socioeconomic status and
      infant mortality occurs through the postneonatal component. Implications of these
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 1205653
TI  - Increasing threat to man as a result of frequently uncontrolled and widespread
      use of various drugs.
AB  - Consumption of drugs is steadily increasing. The reasons for this could be the
      diminished threshold level of acceptable sufferings, increased expectations about
      health, the psychological effects of a medical prescription, publicity, consumer
      society attitude in respect to drugs and polipharmacy. Overexposure to drugs
      increases the risk of precipitating drug adverse reactions. This could be avoided
      in many cases by non-administration of an unnecessary drug. The frequency and
      consequences of drug adverse reactions are considerable, and WHO plays an import
      role in collecting data and facilitating the exchange of informations in that
      area.

PMID- 1205654
TI  - Interaction of heart glycosides and phenobarbital.
AB  - One week's administration of phenobarbital does not affect the disappearance of a
      single dose of digitalis glycosides from the serum of man. The increase of bile
      flow and of liver weight produced by phenobarbital in the rat is not further
      enhanced by glycosides. In case of acute digitalization, the enzyme inducing
      effect of barbiturates has probably no clinical significance.

PMID- 1205656
TI  - Plasma concentrations of diazepam and its metabolites after peroral,
      intramuscular, and rectal administration. Correlation between plasma
      concentration and sedatory effect of diazepam.
AB  - Plasma levels of diazepam, N-demethyldiazepam and free oxazepam were measured
      gaschromatographically in ten healthy volunteers after 5 mg of diazepam
      perorally, intramuscularly and rectally (with three different kinds of
      suppositories). The best absorption of diazepam was found after peroral
      administration. After an intramuscular injection a delayed absorption with low
      plasma concentrations of diazepam was found. The basal component of a diazepam
      suppository seems to have a great effect on the rectal absorption of diazepam.
      Two of the three different kinds of diazepam suppositories caused higher plasma
      diazepam concentrations than the intramuscular injection of the drug. There were
      no great differences in the amount of the metabolites of diazepam after different
      kinds of administration. The subjective sedatory effect of diazepam lasted
      approximately as long as the fast distribution of diazepam from plasma took
      place. A very highly significant correlation between plasma concentration and
      subjective sedatory effect of diazepam after a single dose was found.

PMID- 1205655
TI  - [The effect of allopurinol on hemodynamic, respiratory and biochemical functional
      values in health persons following oral administration].
AB  - Starting from results of experimentation on animals, the influence of allopurinol
      on hemodynamic, respiratory and biochemical parameters after oral application by
      10 probands in quiescence and after load had been studied. With
      mecanocardiographic, spiroergometric and circulation analytic function tests, no
      significative decrease of heart frequence, systolic blood pressure, pulse volume,
      heart minute volume, work of the heart, power of the heart and consumption of
      oxygen appears. The time of ejection diminished. Besides a pronounced sinking of
      the concentration of uric acid serum, it came to a suspension of the increase
      caused through load of the total free fatty acids and the beta-lipoproteide in
      the serum. The results indicate a circulation economized effect of allopurinol.

PMID- 1205657
TI  - Studies on absorption and elimination of drugs. Part VI: Fitting of a double
      exponential curve to the observed drug concentration after single extravascular
      administration.
AB  - A simple program was written in Algol 1204 for the Polish digital computer ODRA
      1204. It permits the fitting of the Bateman equation C equals const [e-KEt -- e
      KAt] or the equation C equals Be-KEt -- Ae-KAt to the observed plasma or serum
      concentration data after single extravascular administration of a drug. The
      results obtained with this M-31 program, compared with the calculations of the
      pharmacokinetic parameters for tetracycline HCl obtained with the Wagner's
      Nonline or Lag Time program, show a good conformity.

PMID- 1205658
TI  - [The reciprocal actions of phenprocoumon (Marcumar) with human serum albumin,
      erythrocytes and blood].
AB  - The binding properties of phenprocoumon (PhC) to human serum albumin (HSA) and to
      red blood cells (RBC) were determined by using the equilibrium dialysis. Analysis
      of PhC-binding data to HSA at pH 7.4 and temperatures of 10 degrees C and 27
      degrees C resulted in binding constants (k) of 11.8 - 10(4) and 7.0 - 10(4), in
      free standard enthalpy changes deltaG0 of -6.658 and -6.651 kcal/mol, and in
      standard enthalpy change TdeltaS0 of 1.386 and 1.469 kcal/mole, respectively. The
      standard enthalpy change deltaH0 was -5.182 kcal/mole for both temperatures.
      These results indicate that the binding between PhC and HSA is predominantly
      effected by hydrophobic interactions. At pH 7.4 the binding to HSA is essentially
      characeterized by two straight lines of binding, whereas at pH 9 and 10 there are
      three. With increasing pH more binding sites become free and the affinity of PhC
      to HSA grows. Studies of binding properties to RBC indicate a strong binding of
      PhC to hemoglobin (k 7.9 - 10(5)), but only a weak one to red cell membranes
      (binding ratio hemoglobin to ghosts 66 : 1). In a combined system of HSA and RBC,
      competition occurs between both components and therefore the strength of binding
      decreases. At therapeutic PhC-concentrations, 91.7% of the PhC are bound to the
      whole blood, 20.8% to RBC, and 70.9% to HSA. With increasing concentrations of
      PhC the binding to RBC declines to 10.5% accompanied by an approximately
      unchanged binding to whole blood of 92.1%; whereas binding to HSA increases to
      81.6%. The affinity of PhC to HSA grows larger than its affinity to RBC. The
      total binding to blood remains unchanged within a 21-fold range and it is
      predominantly determined by the affinity of HSA to PhC.

PMID- 1205659
TI  - Correlation between isotopic scanning and pancreatic function tests in the
      diagnosis of pancreatic diseases: image and digital computer techniques.

PMID- 1205660
TI  - On-line computer measurement of microregional cerebral blood flow by xenon-133
      clearance.

PMID- 1205661
TI  - Stable 26Mg as an in vivo tracer in investigation of magnesium utilization.

PMID- 1205662
TI  - Radionuclidic explorations in ophthalmology.

PMID- 1205663
TI  - 99mTc-DTPA in cerebral scanning.

PMID- 1205664
TI  - Determination of mineral content in bone by photon transmission using
      scintillation camera.

PMID- 1205665
TI  - Rapid and reliable preparation of macroaggregated albumin suitable for lung
      scintigraphy.

PMID- 1205667
TI  - Estimation of thyroid weight by scintigraphy.

PMID- 1205666
TI  - An alternate approach to the preparation of 99mTc-sulfur colloid.

PMID- 1205668
TI  - Total body radioautography of hamsters exposed to 14C-labeled cigarette smoke.

PMID- 1205669
TI  - Human leptospirosis in Brazil.
AB  - Serological data on the prevalence of human leptospiroses in certain regions of
      Brazil are presented. Out of 467 diseased and clinically healthy persons, 40 were
      positive in the Amazonia. The most frequent serotypes were grippotyphosa (27.5%),
      panama (25%), icterohaemorrhagiae (10%) and woffi (10%). In 1966 and 1970, 279
      cases were identified in Recife (northeastern Brazil) during outbreaks subsequent
      to floods. Among these 92.5% belonged to the icterohaemorrhagiae serotype. From
      1947 to 1972, in Sao Paulo City (southeastern Brazil), of 18,233 patients with
      clinical signs of leptospirosis, 2,237 were positive with 86.5% belonging to
      icterohaemorrhagiae. In all Brazil, 32 strains of leptospires were isolated, 27
      of which belonged to the icterohaemorrhagiae serotype and one strain for each
      wolffi, canicola, grippotyphosa, andamana and alexi serotypes.

PMID- 1205670
TI  - Brucellosis in Spain.

PMID- 1205671
TI  - An investigation of canine antileptospiral antibodies in Japan.
AB  - From 1970 through 1973, blood samples of 7113 attended dogs and 1615 stray dogs
      in 50 cities of Japan were examined for leptospiral antibodies by RMAT on filter
      paper specimens. Results were as follows: 1. Prevalences of antibodies against L.
      icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola in attended dogs in 50 cities ranged from
      22.5% to 0% with an average of 9.8%. Those of stray dogs in 8 cities ranged from
      52.5% to 0% with an average of 21.7%. 2. 64 and 37 of 7113 attended dog sera
      reached positively only against either L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola,
      respectively. 595 of 7113 attended dog sera reacted positively against both
      antigens. 3. In 820 attended dog sera tested against 8 leptospiral serotypes, 57
      had antibodies against L. icterohaemorrhagiae, 52 against L. canicola, 2 against
      L. australis A, 10 against L. pyrogenes and 2 against L. grippotyphosa. 4. The
      prevalence of antibodies was twice as much in male dogs as in females. The
      prevalence in a healthy group was only half that of a sick group. Attended dogs
      below 4 years old had a higher antibody prevalence than any other age. The
      prevalence of antibodies in summer was lower than for any other season.

PMID- 1205672
TI  - Leptospiroses equals zoonoses.

PMID- 1205673
TI  - Ocular histoplasmosis. Proceedings of the ocular histoplasmosis symposium.
      Introduction.

PMID- 1205674
TI  - Histopathological correlates of presumed ocular histoplasmosis.
AB  - There are very few eyes with the ocular histoplasmosis syndrome that have been
      studied as such by the ophthalmic pathologist. Hoefnagels and Pijpers [6] were
      the first to demonstrate H. capsulatum in the human eye. However, this was a case
      of endophthalmitis and not the clinically observe syndrome. Klintworth et. al.
      [7] demonstrated the organism histologically in granulomatous choroiditis
      occurring in dissemiated histoplasmosis. The hot was compromised immunologically,
      and this again is somewhat different from the typical clinical situation. The
      histopathological material available for study was derived from the eyes of
      patients enucleated after the diagnosis of malanoma at the AFIP, nd from autopsy
      material from the Wilmer Institute. These five cases have a number of findings in
      common. The atrophic scars and punched-out sponts in the periphery and elsewhere
      correlate with an absence of the pigment epithelium. The degree of inflammation,
      usually lymphocyte infiltration, can be variable...

PMID- 1205675
TI  - Koch's stulates and experimental ocular histoplasmosis.
AB  - The present study shows clearly that focal choroiditis is produced in rabbits by
      infecting the animals with a mycelial form of H. capsulatum. Identification of
      this organism as the pathogenic agent was made by histopathological and
      mycological observations. This fungus was recovered from infected ocular lesions
      in those eyes enucleated within four weeks following the appearance of uveitus-a
      time period consistent with the clinical and pathological appearance of multiple
      granulomas in the choroid. The absence of organisms in the contralateral eyes of
      these same animals at eight weeks suggests perhaps that recovery was associated
      with the emergence of immunity by two months following the appearance of uveitus.
      This is supported in part by our previous study, which supplied evidence that
      animals were protected from further uveitis on subsequent reinfections (after
      they had recovered from their initial infection) by a mycelial or yeast form of
      the fungus. Similar protection was also seen in animals that had prior exposures
      to heat-killed organisms. Moreover, onset of the ocular changes occurred usually
      two weeks after infection. This evidence strongly suggests that the experimental
      choroiditis may be immunologically induced. H. capsulatum recovered from infected
      eyes (Groups I and II) produced identical ocular lesions clinically and
      histopathologically when injected into normal animals (Groups IA and IIA).
      Fulfillment of Koch's postulates in experimental ocular histoplasmosis was
      achieved within only one month following the appearance of uveitis. This may be
      of fundamental importance in that efforts to demonstrate a causal relationship
      between the ocular picture and benign systemic histoplasmosis have been
      unsuccessful in man. Because of the striking similarity between the experimental
      choroiditis in rabbits and the changes observed in presumed ocular histoplasmosis
      in man, studies in primates are necessary. Since the ocular anatomy is similar in
      monkeys and in man, there remains the necessity to reproduce the hemorrhagic
      disciform lesion of the macula, which represents the gravest aspect of presumed
      ocular histoplasmosis.

PMID- 1205676
TI  - Diagnosis and management of minimal recurrences of macular histoplasmosis.
AB  - Disease in the macula from ocular histoplasmosis has been ascribed to (1)
      traction of a scar, (2) fresh areas of choroiditis, and (3) reactivation of a
      scar. Traction of a scar is probably a rare cause. The rationale for early use of
      corticosteroids in attacks of ocular histoplasmosis is based on the hypothesis
      that the underlying disease is an inflammation. The concept of a choroiditis
      could fit with what is assumed to happen in the case of second and third
      hypotheses, those of fresh choroiditis and reactivation of a scar. The goal of
      therapy is to stop the inflammation before it is clinically recognizable by the
      ophthalmologist, so that little or no damage to vision results. Whether
      corticosteroids might work by suppression of an immunological response or simply
      by curtailing the severity of the choroiditis, or both, is not known. We do know
      from clinical experience that corticosteroids do not appear to be deleterious to
      the ocular histoplasmosis. When they were first tried, we were wary about using
      them in a "fungal" disease. As experience grew, we learned that our mistakes were
      usually not from using too great a quantity of corticosteroids for too long a
      time but the opposite; from using too small amounts of corticosteroids for too
      short a time. Clinically, most attacks of macular histoplasmosis occur at the
      sites of previous scars, with little or no sign of any choroiditis. At present,
      there are six poorly defined hypotheses of how this may occur: (1) symbiosis, (2)
      secondary infection, (3) vascular decompensation [2], (4) immunological reaction
      [3], (5) altered structure [1], and (6) failure of precapillary arteriole [5].
      Corticosteroids might be helpful in any of these instances. I believe that the
      attack that usually takes the form of an enlargement of the atrophic histo spot
      is caused by an immunological response in this area that develops into a mild
      spreading choroiditis. It is possible that with a reduction of the patient's
      resistance, live H. capsulatum or an antigenic component of it escapes from one
      of the viscera to lodge in the sensitized area of the atrophic choroid where a
      choroiditis previously existed. At this site, a fresh, mild choroiditis is
      activated. This choroiditis then persists for a variable period before either
      becoming quiescent or progressing into the neovascular stage, with the growth of
      a net through Bruch's membrane and the pigment epithelium and under the sensory
      retina. The rationale for the early and intensive use of corticosteroids is to
      try to abort the attack of choroiditis before it reaches the stage of becoming
      recognizable by the ophthalmologist.

PMID- 1205677
TI  - Therapy of chorioretinitis presumed to be caused by histoplasmosis.
AB  - We acknowledge that for most patients with istoplasmic chorioretinitis, the only
      treatment available is steroids. We agree with Schlaegel that steroids have to be
      used in adequate doses and for long periods of time. Alternate-day treatment
      should be instituted as soon as possible. Because it  takes the adrenals 10 days
      to to weeks to be suppressed by sterid therapy, we treat our patients with daily
      doses for as short a time as possible and then witch over o alernate-day
      treatment. A short-acting steroid such as prednisone, prednisolone, or
      methylprednisolone should be used at the outset if long-term therapy is necessary
      and one anticipates using alternate-day therapy...

PMID- 1205678
TI  - The natural history of histo spots in the disc-macula area.

PMID- 1205679
TI  - Presumed histoplasmic maculopathy: xenon photocoagulation.
AB  - Every investigation into the efficacy and role of photocoagulation in the
      management of PHM has been handicapped by the lack of a valid control series. In
      all first eyes, the results of photocoagulation are better than in second eyes.
      The increased salvage rate of central visual acuityof 20/50 or better in first
      eyes without photocoagulation is on the order of 15.8 percent to 28.6 percent
      versus 25 to 38 percent in first eyes with photocoagulation (an average of 54
      percent salvage rate for all first eyes). However, in second eyes, even though
      the number of eyes is small, it appears that nonphotocoagulated eyes do better
      than those that have been photocoagulated: 46 percent of nonphotocoagulated
      second eyes versus 33 percent of second eyes with photocoagulation retain central
      vision of 20/50 or better. Comparison of our results with some of the other
      published studies indicates some disparity in results [1-5], arising, most
      plausibly, from variations in the severity of the maculopathy just prior to
      photocoagulation. It is our contention that carefully designed prospective
      studies are needed, in which cases would be randomized for treatment in groups
      classified according to severity of the process (for example, size of SNV,
      proximity of SNV to fovea, and amount and location of subretinal hemorrhage). In
      order to obtain sufficient cases for analysis, a collaborative study may be
      essential in which the results and analysis of the cases are compiled by an
      independent party not involved in the treatment of evaluation of the patients.
      Despite this lack of clinical corroboration, it is my firm belief based on
      clinical experience that photocoagulation does have a role in the management of
      this vision-threatning process.

PMID- 1205680
TI  - Ocular histoplasmosis. Proceedings of the ocular histoplasmosis symposium.
      Summary of this symposium.

PMID- 1205681
TI  - Presumed histoplasmic maculopathy: clinical course and prognosis in
      nonphotocoagulated eyes.
AB  - In this chapter, we have tried to identify some of the variables related to the
      visual prognosis in eyes with presumed histoplasmic maculopathy. We are cognizant
      that a constellation of other as yet unidentifiable variables also may play a
      role in the visual prognosis. Also, we have reported our visual results in
      patients who were nt photocoagulated. Many of these patients received
      corticosteroid therapy in some form, but we found it impossible to compare
      treatment ot nontreatment groups. Our results for visual prognosis is all
      nonphotocoagulated eyes are in general agreement with those available in the
      literature. For instance, Gass et al. [1] report 20 of 38 eyes (52.6 percent)
      with visual acuity of 20/200 or less. Also, this same study documents retention
      of 20/30 or better central vision in 13 of 38 eyes (34 percent), and the visual
      results in our study for all 54 nonphotocoagulated eyes parallel the reported
      findings of Schlaegel et al. [3] where 59 percent of eyes ended with a visual
      acuity of 20/200 or worse, 30 percent with vision of 20/50 or better, and 18
      percent with vision of 20/30 or better...

PMID- 1205682
TI  - Ocular lesions in the Earth Day, 1970, histoplasmosis epidemic.
AB  - The relationship between systemic histoplasmosis and this particular clinical
      picutre of a central choroiditis with peripheral atrophic lesions in the fundus
      was postulated by Woods in 1960 [19]. Since that time there have been many
      studies attempting to substantiate his hyptthesis [1, 3-5, 7-18]. In a large
      study performed in Walkersville, Maryland, which is an area endemic for
      histoplasmosis [14], the prevalence of the characteristic peripheral histoplasmic
      lesion in the fundus was 27 per 1000 population. The prevalence was 44 per 1000
      population with positive histoplasmosis skin tests. In a similar study done in
      sothern Ohio, the prevalence of peripheral fundus lesions was 1.6 percent of 1417
      patients examined [1]. Several generalizations can be made from the information
      obtained in studying the students involved in the Willis flu, and these can be
      compared with information from the control students from Bellingham. First, the
      acute infection at Willis School did not cause significant ocular abnormalities.
      This finding is supported by the fact that no significant differences occurred in
      the fundus lesions seen in the control group of students who lived in the same
      geographic area but were not clinically ill from histoplasmosis. Our evidence
      shows that the eyegrounds of the individuals living in this area were different
      from those of the students who lived outside the central Ohio area. How do we
      account for the similarity of ocular lesions in the affected students and the
      Delaware control group? Perhaps by the age of 11 or 12, a person living in the
      histoplasmosis belt will have already been exposed to histoplasmosis, resulting
      in the characteristic scars that are seen. If, in fact, histoplasmosis is the
      etiological agent in the patients who are diagnosed as having presumed ocular
      histoplasmosis, difficulty arises in understanding why those individuals involved
      in the epidemic did not have more scars than the control group. Perhaps the
      numbers of patients examined were not large enough to reflect the difference that
      really may exist. An interesting observation is that 4 (67 percent) of our
      control students with significant lesions had negative histoplasmosis skin tests.
      Of course, other organisms may have caused these lesions which have not yet been
      implicated as causative agents in the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

PMID- 1205684
TI  - Experimental ocular histoplasmosis.

PMID- 1205683
TI  - Geographical distribution of histoplasmic choroiditis in Kentucky and Southern
      Indiana.

PMID- 1205685
TI  - Benign breast disease and cancer.
AB  - We report the necessity for thoroughly understanding the physiopathology of
      benign breast lesions in order to treat each type of lesion adequately. Three
      groups of women are outlined as a practical approach to this problem. Subadipose
      mastectomy is proposed to treat heteronodular mastopathy. This operation is
      compared with the subcutaneous mastectomy proposed by plastic surgeons.

PMID- 1205686
TI  - Giant teratomas with benign glial abdominal seeding, mimicking diffuse abdominal
      carcinomatosis.
AB  - Teratomas of children represent an important part of oncology. A small percentage
      of teratomas in this age group is malignant and associated with a rather poor
      prognosis. In most cases, the malignant element is a mature ectodermal
      derivative, i.e., epidermal epithelium. Abdominal seeding associated with
      teratomas is usually considered clinically and pathologically malignant. In a few
      cases, the teratomatous masses are associated with abdominal seeding of
      essentially mature neuroglial elements and chances of long survival are good.
      Therefore, recognition of neurogenic teratomatous tumors associated with glial
      seeding is important since it will preclude unnecessary surgery and irradiation
      or chemotherapy. Conservative management seems to entail a good prognosis even if
      occasional postsurgical complications such as adhesions, fibrous bands or
      obstructions occur. The two presented cases illustrate the clinical and
      pathological entity of large ovarian teratomas associated with neuroglial
      abdominal seeding and their good prognosis at four and five years respectively
      following surgery alone. These two cases support the experience in the other 25
      cases reported in the world literature that these lesions are benign clinically
      and pathologically.

PMID- 1205687
TI  - Otoneurological problems in head injuries and their management.
AB  - In facial nerve injury, the guidelines for treatment are time of onset,
      electrical responses, other concomitant damage such as CSF otorrhea or ossicular
      disruption, and associated infective conditions such as cholesteatoma. Four
      patients with CSF otorrhea responded well to conservative treatment, one patient
      needed postauricular mastoidectomy as there was an associated cholesteatoma and
      one required surgery when conservative treatment failed to stop the otorrhea. Two
      cases of deafness due to ossicular disruption were seen in the postoperative
      convalescent phase. Five other cases were discovered during routine examinations
      for conductive deafness. All seven patiens underwent surgery for incudostapedial
      joint separation.

PMID- 1205688
TI  - Acute therapy in chronic renal failure. Dialysis experience in Sudan.

PMID- 1205689
TI  - Immediate reconstruction of the hard palate following maxillectomy for carcinoma.

PMID- 1205690
TI  - Prostatic malignancy in India.

PMID- 1205692
TI  - Epidermoid cyst. Benign testicular tumor.

PMID- 1205691
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of an angiomyolipoma of the kidney.

PMID- 1205693
TI  - Giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma in the vicinity of the right kidney.

PMID- 1205694
TI  - Renal cell carcinoma presenting as systemic hypertension of sudden onset.

PMID- 1205695
TI  - The "turban" nevoid basal cell syndrome. Current management with surgery,
      chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
AB  - "Turban" nevoid basal cell syndrome is a congenital disease that presents with
      multiple subepidermal epitheliomas, primarily on the scalp. Other secondary
      findings may be present such as cysts in the mandible and bifid synostotic rib. A
      combination of treatments proved beneficial in this disease. Surgical excision
      was used for treatment of large symptomatic lesions such as painful ulcerating
      and enlarging tumors. Chemotherapy was used to arrest and cause regression of
      small and dormant lesions. Immunotherapy was used to control the primary disease.
      Such treatment cured most of the disease and offered a fruitful life to the
      patient, who is presented to illustrate this multiple disciplinary approach.

PMID- 1205696
TI  - Huge epidermoid cyst of the spleen.

PMID- 1205697
TI  - On the increase of the percentage of females among patients with infectious and
      calculous renal diseases and on its possible causes.
AB  - The study of sex distribution revealed an increase of the percentage of females
      among more than 12 000 patients with pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis and
      nephroureterolithiasis in the period 1959-73 from 69 to 75%, from 63 to 69% and
      from 54 to 64%, respectively. The tendency revealed may be explained by a
      decrease of the role of general causal factors, which are of the same importance
      for males and females, and by the relative increase of the role of local factors,
      which are of greater importance for females due to pregnancy, delivery, and
      gynecological disorders. The role of the latter factors in the pathogenesis of
      infectious and calculous renal diseases in women is confirmed by the study of the
      history and the fate of female patients and by a more frequent affection of their
      right kidney. Women after complicated pregnancy and delivery, gynecological
      diseases and genital surgery need regulat dispensary urological observation to
      prevent and detect early infectious and calculous renal diseases.

PMID- 1205698
TI  - Upper-transverse pyelolithotomy.

PMID- 1205699
TI  - Determination of the glomerular filtration rate by the minute diuresis at a
      specific gravity of 1001.
AB  - A new method is described for determination of the glomerular filtration rate,
      based on the fact that at an urinary specific gravity of 1001 the final urine is
      concentrated 6.67 times, as compared with the primary glomerular filtrate. The
      glomerular filtration rate is evaluated by multiplication of the minute diuresis
      at a specific gravity of 1001 by the factor 6.67. In this manner the chemical
      analysis of urine and blood is avoided. Urine with a specific gravity of 1001 is
      obtained by water loading much the same as in the dilution test of Volhard. For
      checking the accuracy of the method, comparative studies were conducted with
      creatinine clearance in 36 patients and with 51Cr-EDTA clearance in 33 patients.
      The difference in the values of the glomerular filtration rate, evaluated by the
      above-mentioned two methods and the new method was statistically not significant
      (p greater than 0.05). The method is recommended for the early detection of
      disturbances in the glomerular function prior to the occurrence of azotemia.

PMID- 1205700
TI  - Potassium load from blood transfusion in dialysis patients.
AB  - When a transfusion of packed red blood cells is given, the net potassium load
      results from lysis of some cells and absorption of potassium by surviving cells.
      Potassium load was calculated which results from administration of 1 unit (200
      cc.) of packed RBC and also that resulting from administration of sufficient
      packed cells to yield 200 cc. of surviving RBC. Although the acute load of
      potassium due to cell lysis increases as blood is stored for longer periods, the
      absorption of potassium by surviving cells also increases. Thus, net potassium
      load may be least if blood is stored for about one week. Hence the acute
      potassium load and the net potassium burden a patient receives from a transfusion
      can be considered when transfusion therapy is selected.

PMID- 1205701
TI  - Spermolithiasis.
AB  - Spermolithiasis has been a neglected subject of discussions and of published
      observations. This may be due to the fact that the process is fairly uncommon and
      does not seem to involve serious clinical consequences. It presents, on the other
      hand, important differential diagnostic aspects in connection with the pathology
      of the true pelvis and may give rise to misinterpretations unless its possibility
      is kept in mind. The importance of this rare syndrome is pointed out. Its
      etiology, pathology, symptomatology, differential diagnosis and therapy are
      discussed. Five observations are reported.

PMID- 1205702
TI  - Significance of transaminase determination in seminal fluid.
AB  - GOT activity of the seminal fluid plasma was examined in 161 cases. High values
      were found in cases with astheno- and necrospermia, and in those with an
      increased spermatozoon count, low values were found in cases with oligospermia.
      The authors consider GOT determination in seminal fulid plasma a useful
      supplemental test in the diagnosis of male sterility.

PMID- 1205703
TI  - Recent changes in the assessment of urogenital tuberculosis.
AB  - The urogenital tuberculosis has undergone a change in form and clinical
      assessment. The absolute proportion of urogenital tuberculosis cases has fallen
      off sharply since 1967. The nmber of surgical interventions is also remarkably
      reduced. The cases exhibiting a milder stage have significantly increased, while
      the severe cases have decreased. This change of tuberculosis has made a
      conservative therapy favorable; therefore the current operative indication is
      somewhat different than 15 years ago. The time of release from the stationary
      treatment depends first on the animal experiment and bacterial findings;
      furthermore, tests are necessary to determine the status of immunity. It was
      revealed with urogenital tuberculosis, through regular examination of the
      menstrual blood of women, that the number of positive cases among women was
      considerably higher, than among men. In contracted bladder a surgical
      intervention is often necessary due to intense pain and incontinence. We prefer
      the rectal bladder with sigmoid pull-through inside the sphincter ani, whereby
      excellent success can be achieved. The study shows that the clinical assessment
      of tuberculosis is somewhat different today than is was earlier. Tuberculosis
      underwent a change in form that must be taken into consideration with respect to
      operative indication.

PMID- 1205704
TI  - Renal calcification in genito-urinary tuberculosis a clinical study.
AB  - 1. Calcification in renal tuberculosis is not warranting a healing process, but
      may be a clinical manifestation of the disease. 2. Calcification presenting at
      least one year after the start of treatment should be considered differently from
      calcification  first seen on presentation, and s,ould be treated in the same way
      as renal calculi. In view of the high incidence of associated active renal
      tuberculosis, calcification present when first seen should be removed, preferably
      with partial excision if the lesion is amenable to this form of treatment, but if
      it is not removed, patients should be followed up indefinitely, as complications
      can occur at any time. 3. Extra-renal calcification is more common in patients
      suffering from genito-urinary tuberculosis who present with renal calcification.
      4. The incidence of renal calcification in patients suffering from renal
      tuberculosis is increasing. This could either be due to the host, the pathogenic
      organism, or possibly the treatment. As the host and treatment have not changed,
      it would suggest some alteration in the character of the organism.

PMID- 1205705
TI  - Estimated frequency of acute and chronic renal insufficiencies in a Transdanubian
      region of Hungary.
AB  - The literature on the incidence of chronic and acute renal insufficiency is
      reviewed and the results of own investigations in an area with a population of
      1,560,000 are presented. Data were collected in questionnaires. The yearly
      incidence of patients with chronic uraemia requiring active therapy was estimated
      at 33 per 1 million population. The number of acute cases was 45 per million. The
      necessity of increasing the dialysis capacity is stressed. The importance of
      peritoneal dialysis in the therapy of uraemia cases which do not meet the
      requirements of the acute and chronic dialysis programmes is emphasized.

PMID- 1205706
TI  - 1975 Memorial Award Paper. Image generation and display techniques for CT scan
      data. Thin transverse and reconstructed coronal and sagittal planes.
AB  - The various limitations to computerized axial tomographic (CT) interpretation are
      due in part to the 8-13 mm standard tissue plane thickness and in part to the
      absence of alternative planes of view, such as coronal or sagittal images. This
      paper describes a method for gathering multiple overlapped 8 mm transverse
      sections, subjecting these data to a deconvolution process, and then displaying
      thin (1 mm) transverse as well as reconstructed coronal and sagittal CT images.
      Verification of the deconvolution technique with phantom experiments is
      described. Application of the phantom results to human post mortem CT scan data
      illustrates this method's faithful reconstruction of coronal and sagittal tissue
      densities when correlated with actual specimen photographs of a sectioned brain.
      A special CT procedure, limited basal overlap scanning, is proposed for use on
      current first generation CT scanners without hardware modification.

PMID- 1205707
TI  - Further investigation and initial clinical use of advanced CT display capability.
AB  - The AUR Memorial Award Paper (this issue, pp. 403-416) described a technique for
      providing thin transverse CT sections and for redisplaying this transverse CT
      data as coronal or sagittal anatomic planes. This paper presents additional
      experience with cadaver models and the results of initial applications of the
      method to data obtained from living patients. The technique potentially enhances
      the clinical usefulness of CT scanning by providing precise triangulation and
      resolution of normal and abnormal structures.

PMID- 1205708
TI  - Renal collateral blood supply after acute unilateral renal artery occlusion.
AB  - Preformed arterial collaterals are critical to renal parenchymal survival after
      acute total renal artery occlusion. This study was designed to delineate and
      quantify preformed collaterals and assess their response to vasodilators. A Swan
      Ganz catheter induced a sudden, total occlusion of a renal artery sufficient to
      reduce distal arterial pressure to near zero and prevent perfusion through the
      renal artery. Arteriography assessed the effectiveness of the occlusion and
      delineated the collateral arterial pathways. Strontium, cerium-, and chromium
      labeled microspheres measured renal blood flow and cardiac output 1, 60, and 120
      minutes after occlusion. In two additional series of experiments either
      contralateral nephrectomy was performed 5 to 8 days before the study, or
      dibenzylene, dopamine, or glucagon were administered in an attempt to increase
      blood flow through the collaterals. Collateral renal blood flow was demonstrated
      in all dogs. Mean blood flow to the occluded kidneys ranged from 0.13 +/- 0.05
      cm3/minute/g to 0.22 +/- 0.08 cm3/minute/g, about 5% of control values. Neither
      prior contralateral nephrectomy nor vasodilator agents increased the flow to the
      obstructed kidneys. In the dogs with intact contralateral kidneys, however, there
      was a progressive decrease in cardiac output during the experiment, which was not
      found in uninephrectomized animals. We concluded that preformed arterial channels
      are available to maintain a small, but probably critical level of perfusion
      following sudden total occlusion of the renal artery. Neither hypertrophy due to
      prior contralateral nephrectomy nor active vasodilators modify flow through the
      preformed channels. It is likely that total renal ischemia provides a maximal
      stimulus for vasodilatation. The pattern of hind limb collaterals differed
      strikingly from those of the kidney, with maintenance of a greater portion of a
      normal flow and rapid increase in flow within 1 hour after femoral artery
      occlusion. Thus, data concerning collateral circulation cannot be generalized
      from one vascular bed to another even in the same species.

PMID- 1205709
TI  - Characteristics of tantalum dust and dust generator for bronchography.
AB  - The two tantalum powders, "5mu" and "1.4mu", available from Fansteel Metals, are
      characterized with respect to particle size. Results show that these powders
      cannot be used directly for tantalum bronchography, but require fractionation to
      achieve a range of sizes for effective use in tantalum bronchography. This task
      can be accomplished with the BAHCO Micro Particle Classifier. The powder
      designated "1.4mu" is superior to the "5mu" powder because about 60% by weight
      can be salvaged by separation for use in bronchography, compared to only 7% by
      weight of the "5mu" powder. Theoretical considerations of particle deposition in
      the human respiratory tract indicate that the material obtained with throttle 16
      of the BAHCO is best suited for tantalum bronchography. The dust generator is a
      good tool to deliver a dust cloud into the lung. The generator can operate for
      approximately 2 1/2 hours before the brush of the brush feed must be replaced; a
      procedure taking about 10 min. Additional maintenance is unnecessary. The
      breathing resistance of 1.1 inch of water imposed by the generator system, and
      which has to be overcome by the patient, is judged acceptable. The bronchograms
      obtained by introducing tantalum dust for 10 min into an artificially ventilated
      dog lung were clear, with deposition heaviest at bifurcations. These results
      suggest that the generator should now be used for human bronchography.

PMID- 1205710
TI  - Investigation of 125I as an isotopic source for mammography.
AB  - An isotopic radiation source 125I was investigated for use in soft tissue
      radiaography, with particular attention to possible use in mammography for mass
      screening. Film sensitivities, exposure rates, absorbed doeses, contrast and
      resolution were determined, and compared to conventional x-ray units. It was
      found that contrast and resolution were comparable to 30 kVp x-rays (W anode) but
      that surface absorbed dose was reduced by a factor of two with 125I. These
      results experimentally verified the advantage to be obtained from monoenergetic
      radiations, which had been predicted from theoretical considerations by others.
      Duration of exposure was estimated to be between 4 and 12 sec with a 40 Ci
      source. The 60-day half life of 125I may necessitate its use in conjunction with
      an image intensification system or electron radiographic techniques, in order to
      preclude source replacement at inconveniently short intervals.

PMID- 1205711
TI  - Effect of ionic and non-ionic contrast medium on aortic and pulmonary arterial
      pressure. An angiocardiographic study in rabbits.
AB  - Effects in angiocardiography from injections into the right atrium of rabbit
      hearts of a new, non-ionic contrast medium (Amipaque) were studied and were
      compared with the effects from injections of an ionic medium (Isopaque Coronar)
      at a dose of 3 ml/kg rabbit and concentration of 370 mg I/ml. Forty-seven
      experiments in 11 rabbits are reported. Amipaque produced a significantly (p less
      than 0.001) smaller increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (29%) than Isopaque
      Coronar (82%). Simultaneously (within 12 seconds from the beginning of an
      injection) Amipaque produced an increase in aortic pressure of 21%. About 10-15
      seconds later when the contrast media had reached peripheral vessels Amipaque
      produced a significantly (p less than 0.001) smaller decrease of aortic pressure
      (12%) than the decrease produced by Isopaque Coronar (40%). The differences found
      between the two types of contrast media are believed to be related to, among
      other factors, their different osmolality. The osmolality of Amipaque was about
      one third of the osmolality of Isopaque Coronar.

PMID- 1205712
TI  - Cholangiographic excretion studies. Solu-Biloptin and Biligrafin comparison.
AB  - The biliary concentration and output of two cholangiographic agents, Solu
      Biloptin (calcium ipodate) and Biligrafin (meglumine iodipamide), were compared
      in labrador dogs. The maximum output of ipodate was approximately 20 mumol/min
      compared with 16 mumol/min for iodipamide. The maximum bile iodine concentration
      with both ipodate and iodipamide was similar (18-20 mgI/Ml) but the molar
      concentration of ipodate was almost twice that of iodipamide. Iodipamide was
      found to be much more choleretic, producing 0.025 ml of bile/mumole excreted
      compared with 0.009 ml/mumole for ipodate. Compared with iodipamide the lower
      choleretic effect and higher molar concentration of ipodate suggests that hepatic
      conjugation of the oral agent may permit its excretion in bile salt micelles.

PMID- 1205713
TI  - A simple spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of various chontrast
      media in plasma.

PMID- 1205714
TI  - Letter: Intracranial cyanoacrylate: a new catheter therapy for arteriovenous
      malformation.

PMID- 1205715
TI  - Adverse effects of topical steroid therapy.

PMID- 1205716
TI  - The structure and function of the ureter in the dog.

PMID- 1205717
TI  - Crohn's disease in Northern Ireland--a retrospective survey of 159 cases.

PMID- 1205718
TI  - Cauda equina compression following epidural injection for disc prolapse.

PMID- 1205719
TI  - Effects of chronic metabolic acidosis on glutamine turnover and urea production
      in the perfused rat liver.

PMID- 1205720
TI  - Immunoglobulin levels and auto-antibodies in normal healthy adults.

PMID- 1205722
TI  - The effect of smoking on ascorbic acid and serum cholesterol in adult males.

PMID- 1205721
TI  - Anticholinesterases and the cholinergic link hypothesis with reference to the
      rabbit ear artery.

PMID- 1205723
TI  - Case report. Erroneous plasma "cortisol" values in Addison's disease. A problem
      of the fluorimetric assay of 11-OH corticosteroids.

PMID- 1205724
TI  - Characteristics of smokers, nonsmokers and ex-smokers among 10,000 adult males in
      Israel. I. Distribution of selected sociodemographic and behavioral variables and
      the prevalence of disease.
AB  - Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of nonsmokers and smokers were
      compared in a large sample of working men aged 40 to 65 years. The prevalence of
      several diseases was compared. There was a significantly higher percentage of
      smokers among those born in the Middle East (outside Israel) and North Africa.
      Smokers were characterized by crowded housing (a high number of persons per
      room); low levels of education; little leisure-time physical activity; and a
      tendency to be nonreligious. Current cigarette smoking gradually decreased with
      age, while smoking a cigar or pipe only, increased. The demographic and
      behavioral profile of current smokers in general, and of "heavy" (larger than or
      equal to 21 cigarettes/day) smokers in particular, resembled that of those who
      had smoked at any time. Both the current and the "heavy" smokers were more often
      later immigrants to Israel, had more children, and were physically active at
      work, frequently being engaged in manual labor or technical work. Prevalence of
      myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, definite peripheral arterial disease,
      intermittent claudication and peptic ulcer was significantly higher among those
      who had smoked at any time. Apart from silent myocardial infarction and
      intermittent claudication, subjects with these conditions also included a
      significantly higher percentage of former smokers. Former smoking was also
      related to age, number of years in the country, less crowding at home, low
      activity at work, and a low calorie intake (particularly of protein and
      carbohydrates).

PMID- 1205726
TI  - Modification of the Rappaport rapid test in large-scale testing for syphilis.
      Evaluation of the rapid plate and rapid card tests.
AB  - The Rappaport rapid (RR) plate and card tests were developed as modifications of
      the RR tube test to permit rapid and inexpensive screening of large numbers of
      subjects for the diagnosis of syphilis. More than 2,000 sera were examined in
      parallel by the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) slide test, the rapid
      plasma reagin (RPR) card test and the RR plate and card tests. There was complete
      agreement between the RR plate and card tests and the VDRL slide and RPR card
      tests in 96.6% of sera. In a selected group of 1,530 sera examined, in addition,
      by the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test, there was
      agreement between the RR plate and card tests and the FTA-ABS test in 74.3% of
      sera and between the VDRL and RPR tests and the FTA-ABS test in 73.7% of sera.
      The RR plate test was found to be sufficiently sensitive and specific for the
      diagnosis of syphilis, although the VDRL slide test is perhaps more sensitive in
      primary and late latent syphilis. Since the antigen used in the RR tests is
      colored and stable and the sera do not require inactivation before the test, the
      tests are easier to perform than the VDRL slide test: the RR plate and card tests
      could therefore replace the VDRL test as a screening test, with hardly any loss
      of accuracy.

PMID- 1205725
TI  - Fears during pregnancy. An interview study of 200 postpartum women.
AB  - Within 48 hr of delivery, 200 women were questioned about their fears and
      anxieties during pregnancy. Fears during pregnancy were reported by 81% of the
      mothers; 52% reported fears about the birth of a malformed child, 29% about a
      mentally defective child and 28% about the death of the child. Differences were
      found in the incidence of fears and superstitions in relation to ethnic group,
      educational background and parity. The results are similar to those of the
      British study conducted by the Royal College of Midwives in 1966.

PMID- 1205727
TI  - Proceedings: Recent findings and theories on the evolution of serine proteinases.

PMID- 1205728
TI  - Proceedings: Reaction of phenylmethanesulfonyl subtilisin with hydrogen peroxide.

PMID- 1205729
TI  - Proceedings: Synthesis of alpha-N-tosyl-p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
      and its interaction with trypsin, thrombin and chymotrypsin.

PMID- 1205730
TI  - Proceedings: Carboxypeptidase B: modification of functional arginyl residues.

PMID- 1205731
TI  - Proceedings: Chemically modified nylons as supports for enzyme immobilization.

PMID- 1205732
TI  - Proceedings: Trypsin-like enzymes and trypsin inhibitors.

PMID- 1205733
TI  - Proceedings: Modifications of horseradish peroxidase with aromatic compounds.

PMID- 1205734
TI  - Proceedings: Selective oxidation of methionine residues in proteins.

PMID- 1205735
TI  - Proceedings: Spectroscopic and nmr studies on the binding of substrates to
      horseradish peroxidase.

PMID- 1205736
TI  - Proceedings: Rate equations and simulation curves for enzymatic reactions
      utilizing lipids as substrates.

PMID- 1205737
TI  - Proceedings: Stimulation of red blood cell methemoglobin reductase by ethanol.

PMID- 1205738
TI  - Proceedings: Acylation of monoglycerides by microsomes of the fat-body of the
      locust, Locusta migratoria.

PMID- 1205739
TI  - Proceedings: Enzymatic conversion of human blood type B erythrocytes into type O
      erythrocytes.

PMID- 1205740
TI  - Proceedings: Kinetic aspects of lysolecithin hydrolysis by subcellular fractions
      of rat organs.

PMID- 1205741
TI  - Proceedings: Action of lysozymes from different sources on a soluble linear
      peptidoglycan.

PMID- 1205742
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on the specificity of action of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme.

PMID- 1205743
TI  - Proceedings: Purification and characterization of human hexosaminidases.

PMID- 1205744
TI  - Proceedings: Purification of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from induced and
      repressed mouse liver.

PMID- 1205745
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on a cinnamic acid hydroxylase from chloroplasts of sweet
      clover, Melilotus alba desr.

PMID- 1205746
TI  - Proceedings: Biosynthesis of ent-kaurene in plant cell cultures.

PMID- 1205747
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of hashish compounds on mouse peritoneal macrophages.

PMID- 1205748
TI  - Proceedings: Biosynthesis of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha in rabbit and rat
      kidney.

PMID- 1205749
TI  - Proceedings: Distribution and metabolism of radioactive myoinositol in the male
      rat.

PMID- 1205751
TI  - Proceedings: Novel mechanism affecting the catalytic activity of mitochondrial
      succinate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1205750
TI  - Proceedings: Mechanism of action and regulatory behavior of alpha-ketoglutarate
      dehydrogenase from Acetobacter xylinum.

PMID- 1205752
TI  - Proceedings: Phosphorylated forms of pyruvate, phosphate dikinase from
      Acetobacter xylinum.

PMID- 1205753
TI  - Proceedings: Glucose 1,6-diphosphate, a new effector of hexokinase type II.

PMID- 1205754
TI  - Proceedings: Regulation of the multiple forms of phosphoglucomutase.

PMID- 1205755
TI  - Proceedings: Repression by insulin and corticosteroids of phosphoenolpyruvate
      carboxykinase synthesis, in rat adipose tissue organ culture.

PMID- 1205756
TI  - Proceedings: Increased metabolism of glucose in adipose tissue organ culture.

PMID- 1205757
TI  - Proceedings: Electron transfer between azurin and iron hexacyanide.

PMID- 1205758
TI  - Proceedings: Properties of three dextranases in relation to their use in the
      elimination of dental plaque.

PMID- 1205759
TI  - Proceedings: Actomyosin from electric organ tissue of the electric eel.

PMID- 1205760
TI  - Proceedings: Immunological studies with monellin, a protein that tastes sweet.

PMID- 1205761
TI  - Proceedings: Concanavalin A-mediated attachment and ingestion of red blood cells
      by macrophages.

PMID- 1205762
TI  - Proceedings: Cellular ATP, membrane dynamics and the agglutination of cells by
      concanavalin A.

PMID- 1205763
TI  - Proceedings: Changes in surface membrane glycoproteins of neuroblastoma cells
      during growth.

PMID- 1205764
TI  - Proceedings: ATP-dependent reversible masking of erythrocyte membrane
      phospholipids.

PMID- 1205765
TI  - Proceedings: Phosphorylation of human erythrocyte membranes.

PMID- 1205766
TI  - Proceedings: Erythrocyte membrane components related to the temperature effect on
      osmotic fragility.

PMID- 1205767
TI  - Proceedings: Water resorption in the locust hindgut.

PMID- 1205768
TI  - Proceedings: Differential inhibition of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase from
      brain by hashish components.

PMID- 1205769
TI  - Proceedings: Properties of the phosphate uptake system of Micrococcus
      lysodeikticus.

PMID- 1205770
TI  - Proceedings: Swelling of rat liver mitochondria induced by delta1
      tetrahydrocannabinol.

PMID- 1205771
TI  - Proceedings: Pi-ATP exchange catalyzed by vesicles reconstituted from chloroplast
      lipids.

PMID- 1205772
TI  - Proceedings: Development of the photosynthetic apparatus in Chlamydomonas
      reinhardi y-1 mutant.

PMID- 1205773
TI  - Proceedings: Fractionation of photosynthetic membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardi
      by preparative acrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate.

PMID- 1205774
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction between coupling factor I and chloroplast membranes.

PMID- 1205775
TI  - Proceedings: Appearance and disappearance of acetylcholine receptor during
      differentiation of embryonic chick skeletal muscle in vitro.

PMID- 1205776
TI  - Proceedings: A water-soluble acetylcholine receptor fraction from electric organ
      tissue of the electric eel Electrophorus electricus.

PMID- 1205777
TI  - Proceedings: Electrical and biochemical correlates of membrane differentiation in
      synchronous cultures of embryonic chick skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1205778
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of the culture age on the composition and properties of
      Mycoplasma membranes.

PMID- 1205779
TI  - Proceedings: Lipase activity in rat brain.

PMID- 1205780
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on ethanolamine phospholipid metabolism in cultured
      dissociated brain cells.

PMID- 1205781
TI  - Proceedings: A role for lipids in the activation of adenylate cyclase by
      catecholamine.

PMID- 1205782
TI  - Proceedings: Induction of enzyme secretion in pancreatic slices by calcium acting
      through the divalent cation ionophore A-23187.

PMID- 1205783
TI  - Proceedings: Role of the peptide moiety in the interaction between peptidyl-tRNA
      and peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase.

PMID- 1205784
TI  - Proceedings: A photo-affinity labeling agent for the ribosomal mRNA binding site.

PMID- 1205785
TI  - Proceedings: A new parameter for the in vitro reconstitution of rough membranes.

PMID- 1205786
TI  - Proceedings: Separation of rat liver endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins by
      two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1205787
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of protein synthesis initiation induced by intracellular
      ATP depletion.

PMID- 1205788
TI  - Proceedings: Role of nucleotidases in the degradation of internal nucleotides.

PMID- 1205789
TI  - Proceedings: Synthesis of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase coded by
      bacteriophage-carried bacterial R factor DNA in extracts of human blood
      platelets.

PMID- 1205790
TI  - Proceedings: Stimulation of protein synthesis in cultured rat heart muscle cells.

PMID- 1205791
TI  - Proceedings: Role of amino acids in the control of the synthesis of RNA and free
      nucleotides in yeasts.

PMID- 1205792
TI  - Proceedings: Role of the polyadenylic segment in the translation of globin
      messenger RNA.

PMID- 1205793
TI  - Proceedings: In vitro translation of rat brain mRNA coding for tubulin and actin.

PMID- 1205794
TI  - Proceedings: In vitro translation of mRNA from developing cysts of Artemia
      salina.

PMID- 1205795
TI  - Proceedings: Cytoplasmic DNA in mouse myeloma cells.

PMID- 1205796
TI  - Proceedings: Discrimination messenger RNA by a mammalian translation initiation
      factor.

PMID- 1205797
TI  - Proceedings: Methylation of bacteriophage phiX174 DNA and its possible role in
      virus maturation.

PMID- 1205798
TI  - Proceedings: Enzymatic acylation of histidine to tobacco mosaic virus RNA.

PMID- 1205799
TI  - Proceedings: Transfer RNA synthesis in vitro.

PMID- 1205800
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone-related compounds on
      vaccinia virus strains.

PMID- 1205801
TI  - Proceedings: Control of thymidine kinase synthesis in the cells infected with IHD
      strain of vaccinia virus.

PMID- 1205802
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of the production of leukemia virus by interferon.

PMID- 1205803
TI  - Proceedings: Mechanism of the interferon-induced block of mRNA translation in
      mouse L cells and its reversal by tRNA.

PMID- 1205804
TI  - Proceedings: Structural role of assembled histone fibers in chromatin.

PMID- 1205805
TI  - Proceedings: Use of antibodies against histones for the localization of histones
      in chromatin.

PMID- 1205806
TI  - Proceedings: Photoaffinity crosslinking of interacting residues in protein-muscle
      acid complexes.

PMID- 1205807
TI  - Proceedings: Denaturation and renaturation of nucleic acids in polyacrylamide
      gels.

PMID- 1205808
TI  - Proceedings: Pathway of glycogen synthesis in erythrocytes.

PMID- 1205809
TI  - Proceedings: Erythrocytic pathways regulating phosphoribosylpyrophosphate
      availability in primary metabolic gout and in polycythemia vera.

PMID- 1205810
TI  - Proceedings: Some properties of human spleen glucocerebroside-beta-glucosidase.

PMID- 1205811
TI  - Proceedings: Rarity of cystinuria type I among cystinuric Jews of Libyan origin.

PMID- 1205812
TI  - Proceedings: Familial iminoglycinuria with normal intestinal absorption of
      glycine and imino acids.

PMID- 1205814
TI  - Proceedings: Polyamine excretion in pregnancy.

PMID- 1205813
TI  - Proceedings: Neonatal diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease and the influence of
      exchange blood transfusion.

PMID- 1205815
TI  - Proceedings: Relationship between milk feeding and prolonged unconjugated
      hyperbilirubinemia.

PMID- 1205816
TI  - Proceedings: Gas chromatography of urinary 17-ketosteroids in female infertility
      due to androgenic hyperactivity.

PMID- 1205817
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of glucagon on plasma levels of glucose, insulin, growth
      hormone and cortisol.

PMID- 1205818
TI  - Proceedings: Hormone determination as a tool for prenatal diagnosis of
      anencephalic fetus.

PMID- 1205819
TI  - Proceedings: Synthesis of purine nucleotides in leukocytes from normal and
      hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase-deficient subjects.

PMID- 1205820
TI  - Proceedings: Globin chain synthesis and distribution in erythroid precursors and
      in reticulocytes of alpha-thalassemic patients.

PMID- 1205821
TI  - Proceedings: Rapid separation of transcobalamin II from granulocyte-derived
      transcobalamins by charcoal adsorption: use in clinical hematology.

PMID- 1205822
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of serotonin and its derivatives on human erythrocyte osmotic
      fragility.

PMID- 1205823
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of serotonin and related compounds on some of the human
      erythrocyte enzymes.

PMID- 1205824
TI  - Proceedings: Thromboelastographic studies on sternal and venous blood.

PMID- 1205825
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on red cell enzymes in polycythemias.

PMID- 1205826
TI  - Proceedings: Significance of serum creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes in acute
      myocardial infarction with atypical enzyme profile.

PMID- 1205827
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of heparin administration on serum enzyme activities.

PMID- 1205828
TI  - Proceedings: Serum xanthine oxidase in hepatocellular damage.

PMID- 1205829
TI  - Proceedings: A novel gas chromatographic assay for carnitine.

PMID- 1205830
TI  - Proceedings: Hydroxyproline excretion as an assessment of response to treatment
      with anabolic drugs.

PMID- 1205831
TI  - Proceedings: Acid and alkaline urinary inorganic pyrophosphatase in the formation
      of calcium-containing urinary calculi.

PMID- 1205832
TI  - Proceedings: Chemical composition of urinary calculi in Israel.

PMID- 1205833
TI  - Proceedings: Burns, blood oxygen and acid-base balance.

PMID- 1205834
TI  - Proceedings: Copper concentration in endometrium and in peripheral blood in
      women, after prolonged use of intrauterine devices.

PMID- 1205835
TI  - Pulmonary embolism in Hawaii: An ethnic study.

PMID- 1205837
TI  - Recent studies of communication problems in the mentally handicapped.

PMID- 1205836
TI  - Pernicious anemia in Hawaii-Japanese.

PMID- 1205838
TI  - Habilitation in childhood.

PMID- 1205839
TI  - The Glasgow dust cart drivers' strike.

PMID- 1205840
TI  - Potential pollution problems of industrial development in the Highlands.

PMID- 1205841
TI  - Working party on family planning research.

PMID- 1205842
TI  - Working Party on research into the health problems of the elderly.

PMID- 1205843
TI  - [Alterations of connective tissue in granuloma anulare and in necrobiosis
      lipoidica. Microradiographic studies].
AB  - The microradiogram of granuloma anulare was compared with that of necrobiosis
      lipoidica. In the areas of cellular infiltration, the amount of connective tissue
      missing depended on the degree of infiltration. Apparently the collagenous
      bundles were destroyed, not pushed aside. In the necrobiotic type of necrobiosis
      lipoidica, the damage to collagenous tissue was more severe than one would have
      expected from the stained sections. The collagenous bundles were generally
      swollen, and there was a complete lack of normal high-density bundles in the
      damaged areas, in contrast to granuloma anulare and to the granulomatous type of
      necrobiosis lipoidica, however, the damage to the collagenous tissue seemed less
      severe in the microradiograms than in the stained sections. Differences between
      granuloma anulare and necrobiosis lipoidica were to be found in the
      microradiogram (see tables), but in general a differential diagnosis is only
      possible in severe cases, in spite of the different clinical picture.

PMID- 1205844
TI  - [Trichorrhexis congenita. Scanning electron microscopic studies on a congenital
      disorder of hair growth].
AB  - 1. A congenital disturbance of hair growth belonging to the "trichorrhexis
      nodosa" group is described. Clinically, abnormal hair fragility since birth was
      the leading symptom. There was no detectable amino-aciduria. 2. The scanning
      electron microscope (SEM) reveals localized alterations of the hair shafts. These
      are irregularities of the cuticular pattern, partial fractures of the cortical
      filament bundles, and complete fractures with broom-like splintering of the hair
      ends. 3. There is no generally accepted definition of the symptom or the disease
      of "trichorrhexis nodosa". Further SEM analysis and collection of such hair
      anomalies is proposed. As in the case described here no "nodes" of the hair shaft
      were observed, it is presented as "trichorrhexis conginita".

PMID- 1205845
TI  - [The local treatment of the keratoacanthoma with 5-fluorouracil].
AB  - In the last two years thirteen patients with keratoacanthomas were treated with
      5% f-fluorouracil ointment at the Department of Dermatology II of the University
      of Vienna. Treatment lasted from two to eight weeks depending upon the size of
      the tumor. In all cases there was clearing of lesions with good cosmetic results.
      During an average follow-up period of 7.4 months for all patients there was no
      recurrence of the tumors.

PMID- 1205846
TI  - [The effect of bath additive concentration and the water temperature on the
      refatting effect of oil bath additives].
AB  - The refatting effects of three different oil bath products was tested in 30
      healthy subjects. In each case the concentration of the therapeutic bath oils and
      the temperature of the bath water were varied. It could be demonstrated in 2 of
      the tested products that a threefold increase in the concentrations (as
      recommended by the companies) significantly enlarges the refatting effect. A
      further increase in the concentrations significantly reduces this effect. An
      increase in the temperature of the bath water from 32 degrees to 38 degrees C
      significantly lessened the refatting effects of all 3 products.

PMID- 1205847
TI  - [The necrosis of scalp caused by the treatment of hair--a possible explanation].

PMID- 1205848
TI  - [Acryronitril as a contact allergen].
AB  - A case of allergic contact dermatitis following the use of a Plexidur finger
      splint is reported. The allergen was acrylonitrile, one of the original
      constituents of the polymer Plexidur.

PMID- 1205849
TI  - [Pathology of connective tissue and nerve fibers in lichen sclerosus et
      atrophicans and in genital atrophies].
AB  - Comparative histological and neurohistological investigations in various atrophic
      conditions of the vulva (lichen sclerosus et atrophicans, vulvar kraurosis and
      senile vulvar atrophy) have been performed. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicans is an
      idiopathic disease within the group of atrophic inflammatory conditions. The main
      lesions involve the subepidermal zone which is surrounded by an inflammatory
      infiltration and shows at the same time the degeneration of all the fibrous and
      cellular components of the tissue. The resulting metabolic disturbances in the
      lesions enhance the degenerative processes. A neurohistological examination
      revealed pronounced symptoms of degeneration in the peripheral nervous system,
      which seems to be confirmed by the changes in LSA-lesions. Kraurosis vulvae is a
      separate disease and a peculiar variety of "sclerosing atrophy" leading to
      atrophy of the vulva and stenosis of the vaginal orifice, with atrophy of the
      elastic fibers, and with signs of the atrophy of the peripheral nervous network
      without features of degeneration. Senile atrophy of the vulva is an involuntary
      process without inflammatory features, in which the thinning of the entire skin
      and atrophy of the appendages and elastic fibers is accompanied by atrophy of the
      peripheral nervous system. The obtained results stress the differences which
      justify classification of these conditions as separate entities.

PMID- 1205850
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. The future of plutonium--an overview.

PMID- 1205851
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. The plutonium fuel cycles.

PMID- 1205852
TI  - Pultonium--health implications for man. Confinement facilities for handling
      plutonium.

PMID- 1205853
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. Waste management.

PMID- 1205854
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. The origin of current standards.

PMID- 1205855
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. The use of animal data in derivation of
      standards.

PMID- 1205856
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. The importance of non-uniform dose
      distribution in an organ.

PMID- 1205857
TI  - Plutonium--health implications in man. The concepts of critical organ and
      radiation dose as applied to plutonium.

PMID- 1205858
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. What we have learned about plutonium from
      human data.

PMID- 1205859
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. Resuspension and redistribution of
      plutonium in soils.

PMID- 1205860
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. Environmental pathways of pultonium into
      terrestrial plants and animals.

PMID- 1205861
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. Evaluation of plutonium at Enewetak
      Atoll.

PMID- 1205862
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. Plutonium: assessment of the occupational
      environment.

PMID- 1205863
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man. Some problems in measuring plutonium in
      the environment.

PMID- 1205864
TI  - Plutonium--health implications for man: closing remarks and final discussion.

PMID- 1205865
TI  - Input-output analysis and the hospital budgeting process.
AB  - Two hospitals budget systems, a conventional budget and an input-output budget,
      are compared to determine how they affect management decisions in pricing,
      output, planning, and cost control. Analysis of data from a 210-bed not-for
      profit hospital indicates that adoption of the input-output budget could cause
      substantial changes in posted hospital rates in individual departments but
      probably would have no impact on hospital output determination. The input-output
      approach promises to be a more accurate system for cost control and planning
      because, unlike the conventional approach, it generates objective signals for
      investigating variances of expenses from budgeted levels.

PMID- 1205866
TI  - Scalability of Community Participation in Health Program Decisions.
AB  - The achievement of significant levels of influence on six program decision areas
      by communities served by health care program is investigated using Guttman scale
      analysis in a sample of 50 Children and Youth comprehensive health care projects
      in the United States to determine whether such achievement occurs in an ordered
      or a random sequence. Evidence presented indicates that the achievement of
      relative levels of community influence is orderly for initial levels of
      influence; higher levels of community influence apparently do not follow the same
      order. Implications of these findings for planning and predicting the development
      of personal health service programs are discussed.

PMID- 1205867
TI  - Livelihood benefits of small improvements in the life table.
AB  - This article proposes and illustrates a new lower bound on the economic benefits
      of reducing the number of deaths due to a particular cause and specifies the
      underlying economic and demographic assumptions. Unlike previous estimates of the
      increase in a population's output due to the extension of working lives, this new
      bound includes the present value to the existing population of avoiding future
      deaths from the cause. The estimated lower bound of $20 billion benefit from
      eliminating U.S. male deaths due to kidney and related diseases exceeds by an
      order of magnitude a previous estimate that considers only current deaths.

PMID- 1205868
TI  - Editor's preface: Theory and research vs. practice in health education.

PMID- 1205869
TI  - Consultation. Foreword.

PMID- 1205870
TI  - Roles of international advisors.
AB  - Consultation, collaboration, and direct services are described and distinguished
      as three different roles which advisors play. Drawn from the author's field
      experience, factors affecting the success of each role are presented.
      Consultation is further classified as expert, resource or process. Certain
      advisory problems are described: cultural shock and the interpersonal threats of
      knowledge, position and take-over.

PMID- 1205871
TI  - Decision making theory: a consultant's guide to getting technical information
      used.
AB  - A simple model of the decision making process of a consultee can help clarify his
      data needs, and thus can guide a consultant in how to present and how to obtain
      better use of his technical information. Seven characteristics of developing
      countries which affect decision making are described. An approach to advising,
      matched to the nine elements of decision making, is suggested.

PMID- 1205872
TI  - Evaluating the impact of program consultation in health services.
AB  - This article describes a methodology developed to be useful to both consultant
      and consultee in evaluating their mutual efforts to improve agency health service
      programs. Reporting forms and instruction manuals based upon the concept of
      mutuality in consultation were used by 19 consultants in 29 consultations. Two
      thirds of the respondents reported some increase in problem-solving ability. The
      implications of evaluating program consultation are discussed, as are certain
      issues in consultation: definition, implementation, process, utilization, impact
      delays, interpersonal interactions, hidden agendas, organizational learning, and
      outcome measurements.

PMID- 1205873
TI  - [10th session of the Oesterreichische Gesellschaft fur Unfallchirurgie, Oct. 11
      12, 1974, Salzburg].

PMID- 1205874
TI  - [Treatment of hip-joint dislocation fractures in multiple injured patients].

PMID- 1205875
TI  - [Nerve injuries in hip-dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205876
TI  - [Infections following surgery of hip-dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205877
TI  - [Therapeutic results in neglected hip-dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205878
TI  - [Indication for total endoprosthesis in dislocated hip fractures and fracture
      dislocations].

PMID- 1205879
TI  - [Total prosthesis following dislocated hip fractures].

PMID- 1205881
TI  - [Treatment of delayed complications following dislocation fractures of the hip].

PMID- 1205880
TI  - [Arthrodesis of the hip following centrally dislocated hip fractures].

PMID- 1205882
TI  - [Panel discussion: dislocated fractures of the hip joint].

PMID- 1205883
TI  - [Pelvic fractures from the viewpoint of the pathologist].

PMID- 1205884
TI  - [Various causes of pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205885
TI  - [Pelvic fractures and dislocations].

PMID- 1205886
TI  - [Biomechanical observations of pelvic injuries and use of the fixateur externe in
      ruptures of the symphysis and sacroiliac joint].

PMID- 1205887
TI  - [Urgent diagnostic measures in acute pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205888
TI  - [Anesthesiological problems in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205889
TI  - [Urologic complications of pelvic fractures in multiple injured patients].

PMID- 1205890
TI  - [Vascular injuries in pelvic fractures and their treatment].

PMID- 1205891
TI  - [Arteriovenous fistula of the internal pelvic vessels as a complication of hip
      joint fracture].

PMID- 1205892
TI  - [Injuries of thoracic and abdominal spaces in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205893
TI  - [Osseous pelvic injuries with involvement of the lower urinary tract from the
      viewpoint of the urologist].

PMID- 1205894
TI  - [Statistics of urologic complications of pelvic fractures and their etiological
      mechanism].

PMID- 1205896
TI  - [Late results of pelvic fractures with accompanying urological injuries].

PMID- 1205895
TI  - [Urological complications of pelvic fractures, diagnosis, therapy and results].

PMID- 1205897
TI  - [Pelvic fractures from the viewpoint of a general surgery department].

PMID- 1205898
TI  - [Fractures of the pelvic girdle and their complications].

PMID- 1205899
TI  - [Fractures of the upper ilium].

PMID- 1205900
TI  - [Results of conservative treatment of symphyseal ruptures].

PMID- 1205901
TI  - [Own experiences with conservatively and surgically treated traumatic symphyseal
      ruptures].

PMID- 1205902
TI  - [Ligament injuries of the pelvis].

PMID- 1205904
TI  - [Proceedings: Functional result following pelvic instability].

PMID- 1205903
TI  - [Unstable fractures of pelvic girdle, problems of internal fixation using
      osteosynthesis material].

PMID- 1205905
TI  - [Nerve injuries in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205906
TI  - [Pelvic fractures from the obstetric viewpoint].

PMID- 1205907
TI  - [Panel discussion: Pelvic injuries].

PMID- 1205908
TI  - [Interposition in dislocated hip fracture].

PMID- 1205909
TI  - [Treatment of central hip-joint dislocation using the trochanteric traction
      screw].

PMID- 1205910
TI  - [Central hip dislocation].

PMID- 1205911
TI  - [Our treatment results in acetabular fractures].

PMID- 1205912
TI  - [Treatment results following hip-joint dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205913
TI  - [Hip-joint dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205914
TI  - [Hip-joint and pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205915
TI  - [Indication for surgery and surgical management of dislocated hip fractures].

PMID- 1205916
TI  - [Various problems in the surgical management of hip-joint dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205917
TI  - [Surgical management of posterior dislocation fractures of the hip joint].

PMID- 1205918
TI  - [Our experiences in the treatment of acetabular fractures].

PMID- 1205919
TI  - [The so-called bilateral dislocation fracture of the hip].

PMID- 1205920
TI  - [Our experiences in the treatment of dislocation fractures of the acetabular
      roof].

PMID- 1205921
TI  - [Viability of femur heads following dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205922
TI  - [X-ray technic in fractures of the femur-head calotte and the acetabulum].

PMID- 1205923
TI  - [Therapy of fractures of the femur-head calotte].

PMID- 1205924
TI  - [Fractures of the femur head in traumatic hip dislocation].

PMID- 1205925
TI  - [Dislocation fractures of the femur head].

PMID- 1205926
TI  - [Open dislocation fracture with pertrochanteric fracture].

PMID- 1205927
TI  - [An unusual case of central hip dislocation].

PMID- 1205928
TI  - [Experiences with conservative and surgical treatment of hip-joint dislocation
      fractures].

PMID- 1205929
TI  - [Pathological fractures of the acetabulum].

PMID- 1205930
TI  - [Pelvic fractures in children and juveniles].

PMID- 1205931
TI  - [Problems of severe pelvic fractures in the growth period].

PMID- 1205932
TI  - [Treatment of pelvic-girdle fractures using the pelvis compression frame].

PMID- 1205933
TI  - [Iliosacral dislocation].

PMID- 1205934
TI  - [Open symphyseal rupture with primary use of bone plate].

PMID- 1205935
TI  - [Symphyseal rupture with fracture of both pubic branches and femoral neck
      fracture].

PMID- 1205936
TI  - [Conservative treatment of pelvic fractures in multiple injured subjects].

PMID- 1205937
TI  - [Pelvic fractures as an important element in polytraumatized patients].

PMID- 1205938
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of bladder and urethral injuries in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205939
TI  - [Urgent therapy of urethral injuries in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205940
TI  - [Urologic complications in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205941
TI  - [Urologic complications of pelvic fractures in childhood].

PMID- 1205942
TI  - [Urination disorders in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205943
TI  - [Interdisciplinary cooperation in pelvic fractures within the framework of a
      general surgical hospital].

PMID- 1205944
TI  - [Pelvic fractures in traffic accidents and injuries of internal organs].

PMID- 1205945
TI  - [Circulatory changes and vascular complications in pelvic fractures].

PMID- 1205946
TI  - [Report on a case of pelvic fracture with severe vascular injury].

PMID- 1205947
TI  - [Hazards of "empty" anamnesis in impalement injuries].

PMID- 1205948
TI  - [Perineal impalement injury (1966-1972)].

PMID- 1205949
TI  - [First aid in impalement injuries].

PMID- 1205950
TI  - [Impalement injuries of the pelvic area, therapy and results].

PMID- 1205951
TI  - [Introductory presentation with results of acetabulum fractures treated in the
      AUKH (Allgemeine Unfellkrankenhuser - general accident-hospitals) of Ausbrie
      during 1967-1972].

PMID- 1205952
TI  - [Dislocated hip fracture with per- and subtrochanteric fragmented fracture].

PMID- 1205953
TI  - [Impalement injuries in childhood].

PMID- 1205954
TI  - [Biomechanical observations and clinical use of fixateur externe in acetabular
      fractures].

PMID- 1205955
TI  - [Conservative treatment of acetabular fractures and late results].

PMID- 1205956
TI  - [Causes of conservative treatment failures in central hip-joint fractures with
      dislocation].

PMID- 1205957
TI  - [Results of acetabular fractures without displacement].

PMID- 1205958
TI  - [Surgical approaches to the hip joint].

PMID- 1205959
TI  - [Surgical treatment of hip dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205961
TI  - [Fractures of the posterior acetabular wall].

PMID- 1205960
TI  - [Surgical management of rare dislocation fractures of the hip].

PMID- 1205962
TI  - [Dislocation fractures with a dorso-cranial wedge].

PMID- 1205963
TI  - [Osseous venography of the femoral head in hip-joint dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205964
TI  - [Femur head phlebography in hip-joint dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205965
TI  - [Femur-head fractures with dislocation fractures of the hip joint--surgical
      management using bone screws].

PMID- 1205966
TI  - [Osteosynthesis of acetabular fractures].

PMID- 1205967
TI  - [Types of acetabular fractures].

PMID- 1205968
TI  - [Treatment results in acetabular osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1205969
TI  - [Treatment of acetabular fractures using Hoffmann's "fixateur externe"].

PMID- 1205970
TI  - [Late results in hip-joint fracture treatment (conservative and surgical)].

PMID- 1205971
TI  - [Surgical and conservative treatment of hip-joint dislocation fractures].

PMID- 1205972
TI  - [The child and the otolaryngologist (author's transl)].
AB  - Figments of imagination and previous experiences enter into each clinic room
      emotional situation, and the apprehensions of the child, the parent and the
      doctor must be anticipated and acknowledged. The possibility of conflict should
      thus diminish. Awareness of the child's reaction and consideration of this should
      be the basis of doctor-patient rapport rather than physician authority. This
      article discusses with several illustrations the special situation of the ENT
      specialist.

PMID- 1205973
TI  - [Facial nerve anomalies found at surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Facial nerve anomalies found at surgery are reported, and are classified as Minor
      and Severe. A solitary malformation is rare. Duplication of the nerve in its
      tympanic segment as well as branching within the mastoid bone with an unusual
      route close to the mastoid cortex was also observed. Malformations of the nerve
      in connection with other anomalies of the ear were encountered in 20% of all ear
      anomalies that underwent surgery. There was no direct correlation between the
      degree of the ear deformity and the facial nerve malformation. Two cases of
      severe malformations were seen whereby in one with a minor ear deformity the
      nerve was seen lying at the level of the tympanic membrane. In the other instance
      the nerve had an additional well developed duplication in the correct position,
      although a lesion on the duplicated nerve showed that it was non-conductive.

PMID- 1205974
TI  - [The surgery of otogenic facial paralysis (author's transl)].
AB  - Twenty five patients with lesions of the Fallopian canal were assessed: in 13 the
      canal was destroyed, in 7 the nerve sheath was involved and in 5 the nerve fibres
      were involved. Electrical and clinical testing was normal of patients with minor
      involvement of the nerve fibres. In poorly pneumatized mastoids the probability
      of osteitis close to the facial nerve must be remembered because of the dangers
      of latent localized mastoiditis. In all patients with chronic otitis media with
      granulations, cholesteatoma and osteitis the Fallopian canal should be
      metriculously explored surgically, and when found involved in disease it is
      recommended that the nerve be examined and that a "small decompression" of bone
      without slitting the sheath be performed.

PMID- 1205975
TI  - [Diagnostic studies of facial nerve function in bell's palsy (author's transl)].
AB  - In early Bell's Palsy the nerve excitability test (NET) still proves to be a very
      simple and reliable method for determining whether or not a decompression
      operation is necessary. However, two weeks after the onset of the paralysis,
      pathological findings in the NET may require verification by electromyography.

PMID- 1205976
TI  - [Facial neuroma without facial paresis (author's transl)].
AB  - Over a 15 year period during which 12156 operations were performed for
      improvement in hearing 2 facial neuromas were diagnosed. In both patients aged 55
      and 61 years no treatment was considered indicated. One case which had a
      conductive deafness for 5 years, had a diagnostic tympanotomy and biopsy in 1961
      and during the subsequent 10 years no paresis developed.

PMID- 1205977
TI  - [Applied phoniatry: II. Functional dysphonies (author's transl)].
AB  - Definition and classification of functional dysphonies are problematic. Division
      into phonoponosis and phononeurosis is used. The terms hyperkinetic and
      hypokinetic dysphonia are replaced by definitions of hyperfunctional and
      hypofunctional dysphonia which are better applicable in clinical work. Etiology
      and symptoms of functional dysphonies and some pragmatically important aspects of
      therapy are described.

PMID- 1205978
TI  - [Modern photo-endoscopic techniques for examination of the nasopharynx (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Advances in electrotechniques and optics in the last years have led to the use of
      fiberoptic endoscopes in the examination of the nasopharynx. A modified photo
      endoscopic method is reported, utilizing a Hopkins' lens system which is
      introduced intraorally. A robot-reflex camera with variable optics and focal
      distance is used for photographic documentation of nasopharyngeal findings. The
      efficiency of the method is demonstrated by selected clinical examples.

PMID- 1205980
TI  - [Otosclerosis in children (author's transl.)].
AB  - 11 children (13 ears) have been operated upon for otosclerosis. In ten cases the
      stapes footplate was found totally fixed, with histological verification of the
      diagnosis of otosclerosis. Conservative surgery of the oval window was possible
      in only four cases. All other patients required total removal of staples or
      footplate. Findings indicate that clinical otosclerosis occurring in childhood
      results in an otosclerotic process in the oval window region with total fixation
      of the footplate. Thus, correction usually requires removal of at least the
      entire footplate.

PMID- 1205979
TI  - [Proceedings: Immunological phenomena with significance for the ENT area
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1205981
TI  - [The prevention and management of tracheal and laryngeal steeosis in children
      (author's transl)].
AB  - During chronic intubation or tracheostomy in children, there is a risk of
      stenosis at three sites: the cricoid ring, the tracheostomy and the area of tube
      cuff inflation. The following measures are recommended to prevent this
      occurrence: endoscopic examination of the mucous membranes when changing the
      intubation tube or the tracheal cannula: nasotracheal intubation with the
      smallest possible diameter tubes when chronic intubation is required; use of the
      "open-type" tracheostomy utilizing mucosaskin retraction sutures but with out
      removal of tracheal cartilage. Careful inflation of the cuff and regular changing
      of the position of the cuff in ther cervican trachea also lower the risk of
      pressure-induced injury. Infection or co-existing metabolic disease increases
      mucosal sensitivity to pressure. Several stenosis of the laryngotracheal regions
      frequently requires staged laryngeal and tracheal plastic reconstruction. The
      curvature and stiffening of the ventral wall of the trachea can be achieved by
      the implantation of arched homograft cactilage taken from a tissue bank.

PMID- 1205982
TI  - [The postoperative management of the alcoholic (author's transl)].
AB  - The paper deals with observations on alcoholics suffering from withdrawal
      symptoms after surgery. Apart from differential diagnostic comment suggestions
      are made concerning the immediate treeatment of these patients. A therapeutic
      scheme is proposed which has proved valuable in relevant cases. Chlormethiazol
      (Distraneurin) appears to be the treatment of choice.

PMID- 1205983
TI  - [The responsibility of the Otolaryngologist and noise induced "accident
      prevention regulations" (author's transl)].
AB  - According to the noise induced Accident Prevention Regulations each employee's
      auditory threshold must be tested before working in a noisy enviornment [greater
      than or equal to dB(A)], and this threshold must be reviewed at intervals of 1 to
      3 years. The regulations regarding method of examination and interpretation of
      observation must be followed.

PMID- 1205984
TI  - [A method of otological student teaching (author's transl)].
AB  - A mechanism of teaching is described which enables students in their examination
      of the ear to recognise certain diseases. Pathological changes of the tympanic
      membrane can only be recognised by correct observation.

PMID- 1205985
TI  - [Drainage of deep mediastinal infections following perforation of the cervical
      esophagus (author's transl)].
AB  - Deep mediastinal infection following cervical phageal perforations can be managed
      successfully using double-barreled sump drainage under low suction with
      intermittent normal saline irrigations. By so doing, the additional hazards of
      thoracotomy and contamination of the pleural cavity can be prevented.

PMID- 1205986
TI  - [Falk's lacrimal sac surgical technique for stenosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The lacrimal sac as such is sacrificed in Falk's extra-nasal
      dacrocystorhinostomy. It is opened along its entire extent and embedded in toto
      into the lateral nasal wall. This procedure proved to be successful in most kinds
      of lacrimal duct stenosis. Its indications have now been extended to include
      those with obliteration of the lacrimal canaliculi and where the sac is itself
      obliterated. In such cases a thin silicone tube passed into the lower lacrimal
      punctum through the inferion lacrimal canaliculus and into the nose.

PMID- 1205987
TI  - [Immunoglobulin and electrolyte levels in sialadenosis of the parotid (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A comparison of 15 patients with sialadenosis of the parotid gland and 15 control
      patients was made of their levels of immunoglobulins A, G and M, sodium,
      potassium, calcium, chloride, albumin, inorganic phosphate, cholesterin, uric
      acid and creatinin. Those patients with sialadenosis, in comparison with the
      control group and the findings in other reports, show reduced immunoglobulin A
      and increased potassium in the parotic secretion. The disturbance of function of
      the acinic cell is discussed.

PMID- 1205988
TI  - [Where lies the boundary between common sensation and taste perception in
      electrogustometry (author's transl)].
AB  - The shift of the electrogustatory threshold following section of the corda
      tympani has been investigated in 14 patients. Postoperatively the anterior half
      of the tongue showed complete ageusia. Two thirds of the patients were able to
      recognize stimulations of 50-127 muA as a burning, and not a sour metallic,
      sensation for at least 1-2 weeks. Probably the trigeminal nerve endings perceive
      this burning sensation during the period of taste bud degeneration. A similar
      situation exists in cases where the gustatory fibres are interrupted proximal to
      the gustatory ganglion, because the tasts buds do not degenerate. It is therefore
      important to ask the patient to describe the sensation experienced. Only a sour
      metallic taste during electrogustometry should be regarded as a true gustatory
      sensation.

PMID- 1205989
TI  - [The fronto-orbital approach in the treatment of post-traumatic fronto-basal
      cerebrospinal rhinorrhoea in children (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with the advantages and limits of the paranasal (fronto-orbital)
      extradural approach for closing the leakage in 11 children with cerebrospinal
      rhinorrhoea after fronto-basal fractures. According to the classification of
      Escher, particularly the more localized types (II, III, IV) of lesions in the
      frontal base can be treated with good functional and cosmetic results: there was
      one partial failure out of 12 operations for closing the leakage in the frontal
      base of the skull.

PMID- 1205990
TI  - [Surgical management of sudden deafness (author's transl)].
AB  - The conservative treatment of idiopathic sudden deafness generally shows good
      results. There are, however, some cases resistant to therapy which may be treated
      surgically by vestibulotomy. Reports are made on personal experiences as well as
      those of other authors. Vestibulotomy is recommended for those patients in whom
      the possibilities of conservative therapy have been exhausted and severe hearing
      loss has occurred.

PMID- 1205991
TI  - [I. Methods for investigation of the voice (author's transl)].
AB  - A survey of possibilities and methods for examining voices in
      otorhinolaryngologic practise is given as an introduction to a series of articles
      on applied phoniatrics. In the present review, an attempt is made to demonstrate
      a pragmatic view of diagnosis and therapy for phoniatric disorders. The voice as
      the carrier of human speech is considered to be an expression of the total
      personaltiy so that the phoniatric investigation cannot be resitrcted to
      disturbed laryngeal function alone. All aspects of the voice as it relates to the
      individual and his surroundings are included within the diagnostic evaluation.

PMID- 1205992
TI  - [The value of audiological screening tests in paediatric practice (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Pure tone threshold levels using play audiometry were compared with the sound
      screening test in 100 children in whom the acoustic-palebral reflex was also
      tested. The following conclusions are drawn from the findings. 1. A mild hearing
      loss and a loss above 1 000 cps in not demonstrable on the screening test. 2. A
      moderate hearing loss is undetected in two thirds, when only the screening test
      is used. 3. 10% of children with a severe hearing loss appeared to have normal
      hearing using the screening test only. 4. The failure to demonstrate with a few
      exceptions the acoustic-palpebral reflex suggests at least a moderate hearing
      loss, but the presence of the reflex is not proof of normal hearing.

PMID- 1205993
TI  - [An improved and practical electrogustometer].
AB  - Basic considerations in the construction of an electrogustometer led to the use
      of electronically regulated equipment. The changing body resistence is
      automatically regulated, but the electric voltage of 220 volts AC necessitated
      special precautions. The decibel scale as proposed by Tomita seems the most
      convenient. The range of stimulation of 3-318 muA and the 4 dB current increment,
      which is regarded as the lowest pathological difference between the thresholds of
      the two sides of the tongue, made this equipment in practice very convenient.

PMID- 1205994
TI  - [Electromyography and electroneurography in peripheral facial nerve paralysis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The function of the facial nerve can be examined by 4 electrodiagnostic methods.
      In the nerve excitability test and electroneurography the facial nerve itself is
      stimulated over the stylomastoid foramen, whereas chronaximetry and
      electromyography are performed in the muscles. In the majority of patients with
      Bell's palsy it is possible to make a more or less favourable prognosis by
      clinical examination alone. As soon as the paralysis is evident only these
      diagnostic tests give an accurate prediciton. The early realisation of a poor
      prognosis is surgically important. Chronaximetry and electromyography do not
      facilitate early assessment of the prognosis. The nerve excitability test and
      electroneurography can assist in the prognosis within the first 6 days after the
      onset. This is especially so with electroneurography, in which the muscle action
      potentials are examined during facial stimulation. A continual decrease of
      amplitude of the action potential of 50% in 2 days and a complete loss of
      potential in 4 to 6 days indicate a total nerve degeneration with an unfavourable
      prognosis.

PMID- 1205995
TI  - [Vasomotor rhinitis: a side-effect of hormonal contraception? (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to detect a possible influence of hormonal contraception on the
      development of vasomotor rhinitis, a five-months rhinoscopic survey was conducted
      on 460 women whose ages ranged from 18 to 40 years. 67 (32.7%) of the 205 women
      taking oral contraceptives, and 77 (30.2%) of a control group of 255 women were
      found to have vasomotor rhinitis. A questionaire was used in the survey, and
      included the following items: contraceptive preparation used, duration of use,
      and nasal distress associated with medication or prior pregnancies. In contrast
      to the findings of other authors, it was not possible to correlate the
      development of vasomotor rhinitis with the administration of oral contraceptives
      during the present study. Moreover, results were not altered by taking into
      account the composition of the different contraceptive drugs used. The
      statistical significance of the present study was established by the comparison
      of findings with a randomly selected control group of patients during the same
      period of time.

PMID- 1205996
TI  - [The pathogenesis of the nasopharyngeal bursa (Tornwaldt's disease) (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The pharyngeal recess, first described in 1842 by Mayer, is a cavity in the
      middle of the nasopharynx, just between the nasal septum and the ventral
      tuberculum atlantis. It was assumed to be an excavation of the pharyngeal mucous
      membrane often persistantly fixed to the embryonic spine (Chorda dorsalis). It
      might be therefore, looked upon as a malformation. The recess is always stuffed
      with mucous membrane of the pharyngeal tract and ends next to the adenoids. It
      might pass into the occipital bone as an epithelialized cleft surrounded by
      connective tissue. Cystic transformation of the recess was first described by
      Tornwaldt in 1885, causing discomfort in the epipharyngeal and adjacent areas,
      and was named Tornwaldt's disease. The clinical data of 12 patients with
      pharyngeal cysts are presented. The conclusion is made, that we have evident lack
      of knowledge between the rare clinical manifestation of the pharyngeal recess
      only in adults on the one hand and the almost constant presence of the pharyngeal
      recess in human embryos on the other. It is therefore assumed, that frequent
      inflammatory discharge of the nasopharynx during life initiates the development
      of the nasopharyngeal cyst and not vice versa.

PMID- 1205997
TI  - [Histological study of otological homografts (incus, cartilage and fascia)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - To summarise our morphological findings of this study the following conclusions
      are drawn: In bone grafts growth of vital cells originating from the Haversian
      canals is clearly demonstrated. The growth of connective tissue in the Haversian
      system is understandable on general principles of pathology. The morphology of
      the change of osteocytes from fibrocytes through osteoblasts is photographically
      clearly shown and is in keeping with the findings of Steinbach and of Kerr and
      Smyth. New bone formation was detected at earliest nine months after
      implantation. Our investigations do not confirm whether this new bone formation
      occurs persistently in all cases or to what extent the original homograft
      material, preserves in cialit solution, takes part in this process. A similar
      mechanism of tissue regrowth should be accepted in homograft cartilage. We have
      studied two cases, one after 6 months and the other after 5 years following
      implant. The three fascial grafts examined compare with earlier publications,
      with oedema, slight inflammation and little shrinkage occurring. The suitability
      for grafting of homograft incus, cartilage and fascia we believe to have been
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1205998
TI  - [Solitary bronchial papilloma (author's transl)].
AB  - A solitary papilloma of the left main bronchus in a 48 year old man is described.
      The patient had a one year history of cough, hemoptysis and bronchospasm.
      Bronchoscopy and repeated removal of the tumour through the bronchoscope failed
      to control it, and local recurrence finally made pneumonectomy necessary.

PMID- 1205999
TI  - [Oncocytoma with rare localization (author's transl)].
AB  - A rare case of oncocytoma involving the nose and paranasal sinuses is reported.
      Although the tumor is benign histologically, extensive local destruction as well
      as life-threatening hemorrhage can occur. Recommended treatment for the tumor is
      wide surgical exposure with radical extirpation.

PMID- 1206000
TI  - [Fundamental frequency analysis - a contribution to the objective examination of
      the speaking and singing voice (author's transl)].
AB  - The applicability of a newly developed fundamental frequency analyzer to
      diagnosis in phoniatrics is reviewed. During routine voice examination, the
      analyzer allows a quick and accurate measurement of fundamental frequency and
      sound level of the speaking voice, and of vocal range and maximum phonation time.
      By computing fundamental frequency histograms, the median fundamental frequency
      and the total pitch range can be better determined and compared. Objective
      studies of certain technical faculties of the singing voice, which usually are
      estimated subjectively by the speech therapist, may now be done by means of this
      analyzer. Several examples demonstrate the differences between correct and
      incorrect phonation. These studies compare the pitch perturbations during the
      crescendo and decrescendo of a swell-tone, and show typical traces of staccato,
      thrill and yodel. Conclusions of the study indicate that fundamental frequency
      analysis is a valuable supplemental method for objective voice examination.

PMID- 1206001
TI  - Evaluation of gonorrhea control efforts.
AB  - Organized gonorrhea control programs came into being in 1972-73 and have four
      major aspects: education, case finding through culture "screening," treatment of
      cases, and case investigation. Experience in Upstate New York indicates that case
      investigation and the provision of public diagnostic and treatment facilities are
      the most important of these. A relatively stable reported incidence of gonorrhea
      1972-74 despite more aggressive detection of cases suggests that control efforts
      are beginning to interrupt the transmission of gonorrhea.

PMID- 1206002
TI  - Isoflavone rhamuniosides inhibitors of beta-galactosidase produced by
      actinomycetes.

PMID- 1206003
TI  - Enzymatic degradation of pepstatin A to a new tetrapeptide.

PMID- 1206004
TI  - Nanaomycins, new antibiotics produced by a strain of Streptomyces. III. A new
      component, nanaomycin C, and biological activities of nanaomycin derivatives.
AB  - A new component, nanaomycin C, has been isolated from culture medium of
      Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis, which had been found to produce nanaomycins A
      and B. Nanaomycin C is an amide of nanaomycin A. Biological activities of
      nanaomycin C and several derivatives of nanaomycin A are also shown.
      Acetylnanaomycin A exhibits as strong activities against Gram-positive bacteria,
      fungi and Mycoplasma gallisepticum as nanaomycin A.

PMID- 1206005
TI  - Antibiotic A-130, isolation and characterization.
AB  - An antibiotic, A-130, was isolated from a strain identified as Streptomyces
      hygroscopicus, strain A-130. The antibiotic belongs to the nigericin group and
      like dianemycin, has an alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone chromophore in its
      molecule. A-130 is active against gram-positive organisms.

PMID- 1206006
TI  - DB-2073, a new alkylresorcinol antibiotic. I. Taxonomy, isolation and
      characterization.
AB  - A new antibiotic, DB-2073, was isolated in crystalline form from the fermented
      broth of Pseudomonas sp. B-9004. The compound is a alkylresorcinol antibiotic.
      The antibiotic melts at 86-88 degrees C. The molecular weight of 236 was
      determined by mass spectroscopy and the molecular formula was calculated as
      C15H24O2. The antibiotic has antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive
      bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi.

PMID- 1206007
TI  - DB-2073, a new alkylresorcinol antibiotic. II. The chemical structure of DB-2073.
AB  - DB-2073 (I), an antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas sp. B-9004, was obtained as a
      pure crystals state having a formula of C15H24O2 (ME 236). The characterization
      indicated that I was a resorcinol antibiotic and it was elucidated as 2-n-hexyl-5
      n-propylresorcinol.

PMID- 1206008
TI  - Isolation of isoflavones inhibiting DOPA decarboxylase from fungi and
      streptomyces.
AB  - By screening of culture filtrates of fungi and streptomyces for activity in
      inhibit dopa decarboxylase the following isoflavone compounds were obtained: psi
      tectorigenen (I), genistein (II), orobol (IV), 8-hydroxygenistein (V) and a new
      compound (III). III was elucidated to be 3', 4', 5, 7-tetrahydroxy-8methoxy
      isoflavone. Among these isoflavones, IV and III showed the strongest activity in
      inhibiting dopa decarboxylase. All these isoflavones also inhibited histidine
      decarboxylase and catechol-O-methyltrasnferase. Activities of these compounds to
      inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase were examined. Orobol
      which showed no or only slight inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine
      beta-hydroxylase exhibited a significant hypotensive effect on spontaneously
      hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1206009
TI  - Biosynthesis of formycin. Formation of formycin from formycin B.
AB  - 1. In replacement culture with a formycin-producing strain. Steptomyces sp. MA406
      A-1, exogenously added formycin B was quantitatively converted to formycin and
      the conversion was inhibited by adding the chromophore moiety of formycin. 2. The
      in vitro experiments revealed that the novel enzyme(s) catalyzing the formation
      and formycin from asparate and formycin B, but not from formycin B monophosphate,
      was present in this organism. The action of the partially purified enzyme(s) was
      also inhibited by the chromophore moiety of formycin, whereas the moiety showed
      no inhibitory effect on the actions of adenylosuccinate synthetase and
      adenylosuccinate lyase. 3. Adenine auxotrophs lacking either adenylosuccinate
      synthetase or adrenylosuccinate lyase were derived from strain MA406-A-1 and
      these auxotrophs were found to readily convert formycin B to formycin in
      replacement culture. From these results, it was estimated that, under the
      conditions of replacement culture, formycin B would be converted to formycin in
      vivo by the action of novel enzyme(s) rather than by the action of enzyme system
      including adenylosuccinate synthetase and adenylosuccinate lyase.

PMID- 1206011
TI  - Influence of nine surfactants on the activity of oxytetracycline hydrochloride
      against Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.
AB  - The effect of nine surfactants on the activity of oxytetracycline hydrochloride
      (OCT) was investigated against Lipaphis erysimi Kalt feeding on cabbage plants.
      All the surfactants, except Emulgator EL and Emulgator IP, at 0.1% increased the
      efficacy of OTC at 0.25% and the maximum reduction of 83.93% in fertility was
      observed for the combination OTC+Arkopal N-110. The nymphal development was
      delayed by various treatments. The treated adults were lighter in weight and
      smaller in size compared to the control insects. No photoxicity was observed in
      any case.

PMID- 1206010
TI  - Evaluation of mycobacillin and versicolin as agricultural fungicides. I.
      Antifungal spectrum and phytotoxicity.
AB  - Two antifungal antibiotics, mycobacillin and versicolin, were studied as
      agricultural fungicides in the control of fungal infection of rice and jute.
      Mycobacillin is especially active against Piricularia oryzae at a concentration
      of 10 mug/ml, and versicolin against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides at a
      concentration of 2.5 mug/ml. Mycobacillin has no adverse effect on germination of
      seeds and growth of seedlings of rice and jute plants as a concentration of
      500ppm, even for prolonged exposure. (24 or 48 hours); in fact, it is
      stimulatory. On the other hand, versicolin has showed detectable phytotoxicity at
      500ppm for prolonged exposure

PMID- 1206012
TI  - Effect of level of feeding during lactation on sow and pig performance.

PMID- 1206014
TI  - Effect of energy sources on plasma insulin and nitrogen metabolism in sheep
      totally nourished by infusions.

PMID- 1206013
TI  - Tolerance of ponies to high levels of dietary copper.

PMID- 1206015
TI  - Influence of acute tissue injury on in vitro incorporation of Zn by sheep
      erythrocytes.

PMID- 1206016
TI  - Control of estrus in lactating beef cows with prostaglandin F2 alpha and
      estradiol benzoate.

PMID- 1206017
TI  - Prenatal effects of elymoclavine adminstration and temperature stress.

PMID- 1206018
TI  - Luteal function in gilts after prostaglandin F2alpha.

PMID- 1206019
TI  - Response of ovine pancreatic amylase to elevated blood glucose.

PMID- 1206020
TI  - Amino acid absorption by portal-jugular venous differences in sheep fed two
      maturites of alfalfa hay.

PMID- 1206021
TI  - An assessment of essential amino acid requirements of growing steers.

PMID- 1206022
TI  - Relationships between fatty acid composition of lamb fat and dietary ingredients.

PMID- 1206023
TI  - Development and properties of streptomycin resistant cultures of Erwinia
      amylovora dervied from English isolates.

PMID- 1206024
TI  - Extra-vascular injections of antibiotics.

PMID- 1206025
TI  - Rifampicin in clinical use.

PMID- 1206026
TI  - Clindamycin--a retrospective study of its side-effects.

PMID- 1206027
TI  - Trimethoprim and rifampicin: in vitro activities separately and in combination.

PMID- 1206028
TI  - Problems of large scale influenza vaccine trials.

PMID- 1206029
TI  - Free contact infection in ferret groups.

PMID- 1206030
TI  - Animal models for evaluation of compounds against influenza viruses.

PMID- 1206031
TI  - A plaque assay for the study of influenza virus inhibitors.

PMID- 1206032
TI  - A comparison of test methods in influenza chemotherapy.

PMID- 1206033
TI  - Antiviral activity of ribavirin on influenza infection in ferrets.

PMID- 1206034
TI  - Why aren't antivirals effective when administered intranasally?

PMID- 1206035
TI  - The replication of influenza virus RNA.

PMID- 1206036
TI  - Mathematical simulation of gliding contusions.

PMID- 1206037
TI  - Cell wall structure and mechanical properties of Phycomyces.

PMID- 1206038
TI  - The distribution and anisotropy of the stiffness of cancellous bone in the human
      patella.

PMID- 1206039
TI  - Measurements of repetitive activities of the knee.

PMID- 1206040
TI  - A three-dimensional study of the kinematics of the human knee.

PMID- 1206041
TI  - Mechanics of rupture of cerebral saccular aneurysms.

PMID- 1206042
TI  - The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue.

PMID- 1206043
TI  - Piezoelectricity in tendon and bone.

PMID- 1206044
TI  - Experimental study of biological tissue subjected to pure shear.

PMID- 1206045
TI  - The arrangement of germ cells in the rat seminiferous tubule: an electron
      microscope study.
AB  - The spermatogonia and early spermatocytes of 13 samples of rat seminiferous
      epithelium (about 0-05 mm2 each) were mapped from electron micrographs of serial
      sections. Clones of cells, connected by cytoplasmic bridges (syncytia of 2-100
      cells), in various stages of spermatogenic development were identified. Maps of 7
      separate areas are illustrated. It is concluded that, contrary to the models of
      spermatogonial proliferation based on light-microscope observations, regions of
      seminiferous epithelium which are identical in terms of spermatid and
      spermatocyte criteria have, in fact, quantitative and qualitative differences in
      their spermatogonial population. The data are interpreted that for a given
      epithelial area there is a periodic build-up of spermatogonia which then produce
      several successive quanta of spermatocytes and when the spermatogonia are
      depleted the process repeats. That cell numbers less than double following a
      mitotic cycle has generally been attributed to systematic degeneration. Evidence
      from electron microscopy indicates, however, that at the mitotic peaks not all
      the syncytia undergo division but that some remain arrested. Similarly, within a
      dividing syncytium a few cells do not divide while they advance developmentally
      with the syncytium as a whole. The observed large size of spermatocyte syncytia
      further argues against systematic degeneration with its attendant fragmentation
      of syncytia.

PMID- 1206046
TI  - The erythroid cells of anaemic Xenopus laevis. I. Studies on cellular morphology
      and protein and nucleic acid synthesis during differentiation.
AB  - Phenylhydrazine has been used to induce anaemia in Xenopus laevis. The dosage
      used causes the complete destruction of all mature erythrocytes within twelve
      days. The anaemia results in the initiation of a wave of erythropoiesis and large
      numbers of immature erythroid cells are released into the circulation. The
      morphological and biosynthetic changes which these cells undergo as they
      differentiate in circulation are described. The origin of the circulating
      erythroid cells is also discussed.

PMID- 1206047
TI  - The erythroid cells of anaemic Xenopus laevis. II. Studies on nuclear non-histone
      proteins.
AB  - The mass ratio of nuclear non-histone protein: DNA in the immature circulating
      erythroid cells of phenylhydrazine-induced anaemic Xenopus is approximately
      threefold higher than in mature erythrocytes. This is largely due to the presence
      of increased amounts of low and intermediate molecular weight proteins in the
      nuclei of the immature cells. There are a few qualitative differences in the
      components of this class of proteins between the mature and immature cells, the
      most notable of which is the presence of a protein of molecular weight
      approximately 115000 in the former which is not detectable in the latter. These
      changes are discussed in relation to the changing synthetic capacities of cells
      and to certain generalizations about the function of the nuclear non-histone
      protein based on studies of other differentiating systems.

PMID- 1206048
TI  - Ultrastructural changes and a second mode of flagellar degeneration during ageing
      of Phytophthora palmivora sporangia.
AB  - Ageing of sporangia in Phytophthora palmivora is accompanied by a gradual
      breakdown of flagella, a transformation of the 'fingerprint' vacuoles, extensive
      vacuolization of the cytoplasm, accumulation of bundles of microtubules
      (mastigonemes)contained within cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum,
      formation of a germination wall lining the inside of the sporangial wall and
      production of secondary sporangia. The mechanism of flagellar degeneration
      differs from that observed in directly germinating sporangia. In ageing sporangia
      and in sporangia induced to germinate directly with germ tubes, there is a close
      correlation between loss of competence for zoosporogenesis and breakdown of the
      flagella.

PMID- 1206049
TI  - Studies on intercellular invasion in vitro using rabbit peritoneal neutrophil
      granulocytes. II. Adhesive interaction between cells.
AB  - A possible mechanism for intercellular invasion is that the strength of adhesion
      between host and invading cells is greater than the average of the strengths of
      homotypic adhesions. This hypothesis has been examined by a study of the kinetics
      of aggregation of dispersed populations of an invasive cell type (the rabbit
      peritoneal neutrophil granulocyte) and a host cell type (the chick embryo heart
      fibroblast) in shaken suspension culture. Since aggregation in mixed populations
      of the 2 cell types demonstrated tissue specificity, the hypothesis is not
      supported by these studies, heterotypic adhesions seem in fact to be weaker than
      homotypic adhesions.

PMID- 1206050
TI  - Prevalence of behaviour problems in 3-year-old children: an epidemiological study
      in a London borough.

PMID- 1206051
TI  - The effects of an aggressive film model on social interaction in groups of middle
      class and working-class boys.

PMID- 1206052
TI  - Synchronization of visual attention in mother-infant pairs.

PMID- 1206053
TI  - The classification of childhood psychoses by numerical taxonomy.

PMID- 1206054
TI  - The choice of a surviving sibling as "scapegoat" in some cases of maternal
      bereavement--a case report.

PMID- 1206055
TI  - The significance of feminine behaviour in boys.

PMID- 1206056
TI  - Applications of high-pressure liquid chromatography and field desorption mass
      spectrometry in studies of natural porphyrins and chlorophyll derivatives.
AB  - Mixtures of porphyrins derived from natural sources can be readily separated by
      high-pressure liquid chromatography both analytically and on a preparative scale.
      A variety of procedures have been developed not only for the esters but also for
      free acids, and on the analytical scale quantitation is easily achieved by
      visible absorption. The retention times are largely characteristic of the number
      of carboxylic acid side chains (or other polar groups) but further information
      can be obtained by mass spectrometric studies of the various fractions. Field
      desorption mass spectrometry is particularly useful for this purpose because the
      emitter wire can be dipped directly into the eluates. The field desorption
      spectra of porphyrin free acids and esters as well as their metal complexes give
      essentially molecular ions with little or no fragmentation in most cases, whereas
      electron-impact mass spectrometry, particularly of free acids, is impeded by the
      low volatility of porphyrins. Mixtures can also be analysed by field desorption
      mass spectrometry, and this provides not only a rapid qualitative assessment of
      the components of a mixture, but also a check on the subsequent chromatographic
      separations.

PMID- 1206057
TI  - An experimental high-performance photodensitometer for quantitative
      chromatography. I. Design and construction.
AB  - A new and experimental photodensitometer designed for quantitative chromatography
      is described. The principal features of the instrument were based upon the
      results of an extensive theoretical analysis and incorporate a mechanical
      arrangement for the production fo a flying spot and an optical path in which two
      beams of light are separated after interaction with the medium. The device is
      constructed so as to be suitable for operation in the three principal modes; in
      reflectance measurements only the ratio of the beam signals is formed, whilst in
      transmittance measurements the ratio is converted to logarithmic form, in the
      fluorescence mode only a single beam is used. The spectral range of the
      instrument extends from the red end of the visible spectrum to the medium
      ultraviolet, and quartz optics are utilized in most of the optic elements. A
      quartz halogen lamp and a xenon-mercury lamp may be used alternatively as the
      light source. Changeable interference filters are employed to determine the
      spectral position of the light beams and semiconductor photo-diodes with
      sensitivities extending into the ultraviolet are used as photo-detectors. In the
      determination of the sensitivity limits of the device the photo-diodes were
      replaced by photomultipliers and the apparatus was shown to fulfil most of the
      calculated thoeretical predictions.

PMID- 1206058
TI  - Rapid estimation of trace amounts of ethylenimine by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - A rapid procedure utilizing high-pressure liquid chromatography is described for
      determining trace quantities of ehtylenimine down to 0.01 ppm. The basis for the
      method is the quantitative reaction of ethyleneimine with the 1,2-naphthoquinone
      4-sulphonate ion (Folin's reagent) to give 4-(1-aziridinyl)-1,2-naphthoquinone.
      Compared with the spectrophotometric procedure, this method provides a high
      degree of specificity and sensitivity. The method has been employed to determine
      ethylenimine in the pyrolysis products of polyethylenimine.

PMID- 1206059
TI  - Reversed-phase ion-pair partition chromatography of carboxylates and sulphonates.
AB  - A reversed-phase partition chromatographic system for separation of organic
      anions as ion pairs with quaternary ammonium ions has been developed. Commercial,
      hydrophobized silica supports are used with 1-pentanol as stationary phase and
      aqueous solutions of tetrabutylammonium (TBA) as mobile phase. The separation of
      the aromatic sulphonates and benzoic acid derivatives is demonstrated. The use of
      the TBA concentration of the mobile phase to regulate the capacity factor of the
      anions, as a means of improving separation by gradient elution and direct
      injection of large sample volumes, is demonstrated. The isolation of nicotinic
      acid from human serum samples is shown.

PMID- 1206060
TI  - [Separation of guanidino compounds by means of ion-exchange thin-layer
      chromatography (author's transl)].
AB  - Thirteen guanidino compounds including glycocyamine, glycocyamidine, creatine,
      creatinine, arginine and guanidinosuccinic acid were chromatographed on thin
      layer plates pre-coated with ion-exchange resins. Maximum resolution was obtained
      on layers of the cation-exchange resin eluted with 0.12 M sodium citrate buffer
      of pH 5.2, permitting the separation of nine of the thirteen guanidino compounds.
      Relationships between structure and physiochemical properties and the elution
      patterns of some selected guanidines were graphically evaluated.

PMID- 1206061
TI  - Thin-layer chromatographic determination of barbiturates and phenytoin in serum
      and blood.
AB  - A method is described for the measurement of blood, serum and/or plasma levels of
      hexobarbital, phenobarbital, cyclobarbital and phenytoin by ultraviolet
      reflectance photometry on thin-layer chromatograms. The lowest concentrations
      measured were 0.3-0.7 mug/ml. The accuracy was similar to that of gas
      chromatographic procudures. For phenytoin determinations 5-(p-methylphenyl)-5
      phenylhydantoin may be used as internal standard. The method has been applied to
      clinico-pharmacological assays, to the measurement of cyclobarbital elimination
      in man following a therapeutic dose, and to the study of phenobarbital kinetics
      in rats using serial blood samples.

PMID- 1206062
TI  - Thin-layer chromatographic screening and confirmation of basic drugs of abuse in
      urine.
AB  - Thin-layer chromatographic procedures are presented for the positive
      identification of methodone, primary metabolite of methodone (2-ethylidine-1,5
      dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine), propoxyphene, norpropoxyphene, cocaine,
      benzoylecgonine, methoqualone, and phencyclidine from urine specimens. Initial
      screening of specimens is done by developing plates in ethyl acetate-methanol
      diethylamine (90:10:1.6). Samples screened positive are confirmed in methylene
      chloride-methyl ethyl ketone-concentrated ammonium hydroxide (74:25:0.8),
      depending on the drug(s) indicated by the screening procedure. The method is
      quite sensitive, detecting most of the listed drugs at levels of 1.0 mug/ml or
      less.

PMID- 1206063
TI  - Microchromatography of hemoglobins. V. Thin-layer chromatography of some
      hemoglobins on CM-cellulose.
AB  - By means of thin-layer ion-exchange chromatography, human hemoglobins A, S, and C
      in various combinations can be distinctly separated. Also, hemoglobin F can be
      separated from the A, S, and C components of cord blood samples from infants and
      in adult blood samples with a relatively high percentage of F (15% or more). The
      procedure uses CM-cellulose and solutions of Tris-HCl, NaCl, and KCN. A 0.3-mg
      sample in 5-10 mul of solvent is required. Development can be completed in 30-40
      min.

PMID- 1206064
TI  - The estimation of N-nitrosamines in tropical regions by reversed-phase paper and
      thin-layer chromatography.
AB  - A simple and convenient procedure based on reversed-phase paper and thin-layer
      chromatography is reported for the detection and estimation of N-nitrosamines in
      food products, particularly cured meat. The method can easily be applied in
      tropical regions when plenty of sunshine is available. It is particularly useful
      in food-testing laboratories where sophisticated analysical instruments such as
      the gas chromatograph, mass spectrometer, etc., are not available. By this
      procedure, it is possible to detect up to 10 mug and to estimated up to 75-mug
      (reversed phase) and 50-mug (thin layer) amounts of N-nitrosamines.

PMID- 1206065
TI  - Fatty acids. IV. Synthesis of all the dimethylene-interrupted methyl
      octadecadiynoates and a study of their gas-liquid chromatographic properties.
AB  - All the dimethylene-interrupted methyl octadecadiynoates have been synthesised
      and the gas-liquid chromatographic behaviour of these isomers was studied on
      polar [Carbowax 20M, FFAP, DEGA, DEGS and Silar 10C (recently renamed as Apolar
      10C)], semi-polar (XE-60) and non-polar (SE-30, OV-101 and Apiezon L) stationary
      phases. The possibility of identification and separation of these isomers is
      discussed. The delta3a,7a isomer was found to decompose on most polar phases and
      the delta2a,6a isomer could not be eluted from the Carbowax 20M phase.

PMID- 1206066
TI  - Structural requirements for the electron capturing properties of ecdysones.

PMID- 1206067
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of N-nitrosoamino acids by trimethylsilylation
      and single-ion mass fragmentography.

PMID- 1206068
TI  - Extraction of steroid diconjugates using Amberlite XAD-2 resin.

PMID- 1206069
TI  - Improved separation of the methyl- and phenylthiohydantoins of arginine, cysteic
      acid and histidine by micropolyamide thin-layer chromatography.

PMID- 1206070
TI  - Separation of dinitrophenyl derivatives of neutral dipeptides by thin-layer
      chromatography.

PMID- 1206071
TI  - Thin-layer chromatographic separation of diaminodicarboxylic acid stereoisomers
      and their dansyl derivatives.

PMID- 1206072
TI  - [Thin layer chromatographic examination of calcium and sodium stearoyllactylate
      among other emulsifying agents in foodstuff].

PMID- 1206073
TI  - Determination of plasmalogen contents of phospholipid classes by reaction micro
      thin-layer chromatography.

PMID- 1206074
TI  - Anomalous chromatographic behaviour of some C27-steroid hydroperoxides.

PMID- 1206076
TI  - Centrifugal chromatography of free and dansylated amino acids.

PMID- 1206075
TI  - Screening for fatty acids in oilseed breeding programmes using lipase and paper
      chromatography.

PMID- 1206078
TI  - Rapid screening procedures for some street drugs by thin-layer chromatography. An
      evaluation.

PMID- 1206077
TI  - Thin-layer chromatography of purine and pyrimidine bases and deoxyribonucleoside
      analogues. II.

PMID- 1206079
TI  - Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric identification of phenylurea herbicides
      after N-methylation.

PMID- 1206080
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of Stanozolol in veterinary suspensions.

PMID- 1206081
TI  - An analysis of the relationship of systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol,
      and smoking to 14-year mortality in the Chicago Peoples Gas Company Study-- I.
      Total mortality in exponential-Weibull model.

PMID- 1206082
TI  - An analysis of the relationship of systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol,
      and smoking to 14-year mortality in the Chicago Peoples Gas Company Study- II.
      Coronary and cardiovascular-renal mortality in two competing risk models.

PMID- 1206083
TI  - Some issues associated with migration, health status and the use of health
      services.

PMID- 1206084
TI  - PAS full coverage areas: a resource for epidemiologic research.

PMID- 1206085
TI  - Primary hyperparathyroidism and salt-wasting nephropathy.

PMID- 1206086
TI  - Affluence and cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican-Americans and other whites
      in three northern California communities.

PMID- 1206087
TI  - Complications of acute peritoneal dialysis.

PMID- 1206088
TI  - Normal values and least significant differences for differential leukocyte
      counts.

PMID- 1206090
TI  - Co-existent diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus, a familial disease.
AB  - Three male siblings with diabetes mellitus are described, two of whom also had
      coexistent diabetes insipidus. The co-existence of diabetes mellitus and
      insipidus appears to represent a single genetic abnormality and may or may not be
      accompanied by primary optic atrophy. Chlorpropamide was effective in controlling
      the symptoms of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 1206091
TI  - Hypertension in primary hyperparathyroidism: the role of the renin-angiotensin
      system.
AB  - In four out of seven patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, we have found
      elevated plasma renin activity (PRA) and blood pressure, both of which returned
      to normal following surgical correction of the hyperparathyroidism. However, PRA
      was normal in nonmotensive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, those with
      hypercalcemia of other etiologies, and those with secondary hyperparathyroidism.
      These findings suggest that the renin angiotensin system may play a role in the
      etiology of the hypertension in primary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 1206089
TI  - Changes in estradiol and cortisol production rates in men under the influence of
      narcotics.
AB  - The production rates of estradiol and cortisol in two male opiate addicts while
      on narcotic maintenance, were in the low normal or subnormal range. There was a
      sharp several-fold increase upon withdrawal with a subsequent fall to normal
      values after a period of abstinence. The changes in estradiol production rates
      were proportionally greater than those of cortisol and suggest that they were due
      to changes in testicular secretion of the precursor testosterone.

PMID- 1206092
TI  - Study on maternal, fetal, and amniotic human prolactin at term.
AB  - Prolactin present in maternal blood, fetal blood, and amniotic fluid samples
      obtained simultaneously at term was examined. The relative concentrations of
      prolactin in maternal and fetal serum samples were found to vary with each
      individual case. However, amniotic fluid samples contained a much higher level of
      prolactin than did both maternal and fetal serum samples in every case. After gel
      filtration, three separate peaks of immunoreactive prolactin were observed,
      probably representing three different sizes of the hormone molecule. The main
      component was small prolactin, constituting at least 69% of the total prolactin
      immunoreactivity in blood samples and 90% in amniotic fluids. Prolactin was found
      to be very similar in cord venous and arterial sera, both quantitatively and in
      terms of heterogeneity. There were more noticeable differences in the percentages
      of medium and small prolactin present in serum samples than in amniotic fluid
      samples. Big prolactin was present in all samples; its percentage in maternal
      serum was slightly higher than its percentages in the other samples. These
      results suggest that: 1) The mother and fetus carry on independent secretion of
      prolactin during gestation. 2) The size heterogeneity of prolactin in amniotic
      fluid differs from maternal hPRL to a greater degree than it does from fetal
      hPRL. 3) The prolactin in amniotic fluid appears to be of fetal origin.

PMID- 1206093
TI  - Immunoreactive relaxin in human serum during the menstrual cycle.
AB  - Immunoreactive relaxin was measured in serum obtained at the same time each day
      from one woman during a normal menstrual cycle and eight other women using
      selected bleeding schedules. In addition to relaxin immunoactivity, serum
      luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin,
      estradiol 17beta, and progesterone were measured in the same samples. The data
      was combined according to the day of the LH peak. Serum relaxin immunoactivity
      was found to be high over the period of menstruation, its concentration then
      decreased until the middle of the follicular phase when a peak equal in amplitude
      to the menstrual peak occurred. Relaxin immunoactivity remained fairly constant
      throughout the preovulatory LH surge; however, as the LH levels dropped, relaxin
      immunoactivity increased reaching maximal levels for the whole cycle. Relaxin
      immunoactivity then increased gradually over the luteal phase and reached a peak
      when progesterone levels were declining; it then dropped to low levels until
      menses ensued. It is not possible with the present radioimmunoassay to determine
      whether the immunoactive relaxin was ovarian or uterine in origin.

PMID- 1206094
TI  - Distribution of calcitonin-containing cells in the normal neonatal human thyroid
      gland: a correlation of morphology with peptide content.
AB  - C-cells have been mapped in the thyroid glands of 6 human neonates by means of
      immunoperoxidase localization of calcitonin and tissue calcitonin content as
      measured by radioimmunoassay. The C-cells were concentrated in a zone in the
      upper two-thirds of the lateral lobes bilaterally, where they were identified
      individually and in small groups in both an intrafollicular and parafollicular
      distribution. In contrast to findings in the adult, C-cells were predominantly
      intrafollicular in the neonate. The relative numbers of C-cells counted per unit
      area of thyroid tissue correlated strongly with the calcitonin content of
      immediately adjacent tissue sections. In areas rich in C-cells, as many as 75
      immunoperoxidase-stained cells per low-power field were counted, and the
      concentration of calcitonin was as high as 540 to 2100 mU/g fresh weight, values
      that were as great as 10 times those observed in the normal adult thyroid gland.
      The prominence of the C-cell population and increased tissue calcitonin content
      in the human neonatal thyroid gland may reflect an as yet undefined physiologic
      role for calcitonin in the newborn.

PMID- 1206095
TI  - The effect of somatostatin on TSH levels in patients with primary hypothyroidism.
AB  - Somatostatin, a growth hormone inhibiting factor (GHIF), was infused into 8
      patients with primary hypothyroidism at a dosage of 1000 mug for 105 min. GHIF
      caused a suppression of TSH levels from 42.6 to 76.9% of preinfusion levels with
      a mean nadir of 65.0 +/- 4.0%;(mean +/- SEM).

PMID- 1206096
TI  - The response of pancreatic and pituitary hormones to pulses and constant infusion
      of somatostatin.
AB  - The inhibitory action of pulses and constant infusion of somatostatin on the
      secretion of pancreatic and pituitary hormones was studied serially in 7 normal
      men and 2 untreated acromegalics. In normal men, significant inhibition of basal
      release of insulin and glucagon was elicited by as little as 1 mug dose of a
      pulse of somatostatin. Increasing doses of somatostatin (5, 50, 250 and 500 mug)
      given as a single pulse at weekly intervals produced what appears to be a
      decreased inhibition of glucagon while no measurable relationship between the
      dose of somatostatin and the degree of inhibition of insulin was seen. Given
      during the same day, incremental doses (from 1 to 250 mug) of pulses of
      somatostain produced a progressive decline in both glucagon and insulin. The
      elevated basal levels of GH, insulin and glucagon seen in acromegalics, were
      inhibited by a pulse of somatostatin as little as 2 mug. These inhibitions were
      sustained during the constant infusion of somatostatin (2.5 mug/min), and a
      rebound in GH, insulin and glucagon appeared promptly following the infusion.

PMID- 1206097
TI  - Nicotine-stimulated release of neurophysin and vasopressin in humans.
AB  - Nicotine stimulation, induced by cigarette smoking, has previously been
      identified as a potent stimulus for vasopressin release in humans. In this study,
      radioimmunoassay measurements of plasma vasopressin and human neurophysin were
      performed on samples taken from 14 normal subjects during cigarette smoking.
      Significant rises in vasopressin occurred in 10 of the 14 subjects and the same
      10 had significant rises in neurophysin. Pretreatment with ethanol in 3 subjects
      either eliminated or greatly blunted the responses of both vasopressin and
      neurophysin to cigarette smoking. These studies indicate that the release
      mechanisms for vasopressin and neurophysin are closely linked in humans.

PMID- 1206098
TI  - The effect of anticonvulsant therapy on serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D,
      calcium, and parathyroid hormone.
AB  - In 20 female patients treated for 2 to 37 years (mean :12) with anticonvulsant
      drugs, low serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-D; 6.4 +/- 3.2 ng/ml M +/-
      SD), relative hypocalcemia (9.2 +/- 0.4 mg/100 ml) and high levels of parathyroid
      hormone (PTH 277 +/- 165 pg/ml) were found compared to an age-matched control
      group (respectively 8.6 +/- 3.2 ng/ml, 9.6 +/- 0.3 mg/100 ml and 183 +/- 95
      pg/ml) living in the same psychiatric clinic. A significant negative correlation
      was found between total duration of treatment and either serum 25-OH-D or serum
      calcium. After treatment with an oral vitamin D3 supplement (2000 IU/day) for 3
      weeks, the serum 25-OH-D levels, although increased, remained lower than normal
      in the epileptic group and neither hypocalcemia nor their secondary
      hyperparathyroidism were corrected. These data confirm the occurrence of vitamin
      D deficiency in patients treated with anticonvulsant drugs resulting in
      hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 1206099
TI  - Binding of the sulfates of estradiol-17beta to human serum albumin and plasma.
AB  - The binding of the 3 estradiol-17beta sulfates in solutions of human serum
      albumin (HSA) and in plasma has been studied by the method of centrifugal
      ultrafiltration. HSA has one binding site for the 17-sulfate with association
      constants of about 10(5) to 10(6)M-1 at either 4 degrees or 37 degrees and
      several sites with association constants of 10(3) to 10(4) M-1. HSA has 3 groups
      of binding sites for estradiol-17beta disulfate, one binding site with
      association constants of about 10(6) M-1 at either 4 C or 37 C, about 2 binding
      sites with association constants of about 10(4)M-1 and several sites with
      association constants of about 10(3)M-1. The binding data of the 3-sulfate of
      estradiol-17beta are best interpreted by the postulate of the existence of a
      tetramer in addition to the monomer of the sulfate in solution. With this
      postulate, HSA has one binding site with an association constant of about 5
      10(5)M-1 and seven binding sites with association constants of about 10(3)M-1 at
      either 4 C or 37 C. More than 99% of the 17-sulfate or the disulfate of estradiol
      17beta is bound in plasma at 37 degrees, with all of the binding accounted for by
      HSA. The estradiol-17beta sulfates compete with one another for binding to HSA.
      Strong displacement has also been found by androgen sulfates and, less, by
      estrogen glucosiduronates.

PMID- 1206100
TI  - The effect of chlorpromazine on plasma renin activity and aldosterone in man.
AB  - The response of plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone to the intravenous
      administration of chlorpromazine was determined in schizophrenic patients while
      they were supine and on a normal sodium diet. In all subjects PRA and aldosterone
      increased during chlorpromazine administration with little or no change in blood
      pressure. The maximum PRA and aldosterone levels occurred 60 min after the higher
      dose of chlorpromazine. These data suggest that chlorpromazine affects the renin
      angiotensin-aldosterone system and it may interfere with the evaluation of this
      system in patients receiving this drug.

PMID- 1206101
TI  - Benign thyroid nodule with normal iodide trap and defective organification.
AB  - Cold thyroid nodules are generally due to impaired iodide uptake, while
      organification remains normal. In a case of a nodule appearing hot one hour after
      Tc99 m and cold 24 h after 131I-iodide, in vivo investigations showed that the
      trapping function was unimpaired and that the defect lay in organification. An
      early thyroid scan taken with 131I-iodide showed definite radioactivity in the
      nodule which was dischargeable by K perchlorate. This finding was confirmed by in
      vitro study of the tissue. Indirect evidence suggests that a defect was present
      in the H2O2 generating system rather than in peroxidase.

PMID- 1206102
TI  - Letter: (to the editor). Erratum: revised calculations of common parameters of
      iodothyronine metabolism and distribution by noncompartmental analysis.

PMID- 1206103
TI  - Biological activity of des-asp1-angiotensin II (angiotensin III) in man.
AB  - Effects of des-asp1-angiotensin II (angiotensin III) on blood pressure and
      aldosterone secretion were examined in man. Angiotensin III was equipotent with
      val5-angiotensin II amide in the stimulation of aldosterone production, but had
      only 20% of the pressor activity of the later. These results are consistent with
      those previously reported by other investigators in animals.

PMID- 1206104
TI  - Normalization of fasting hyperglucagonemia and excessive glucagon responses to
      intravenous arginine in human diabetes mellitus by prolonged infusion of insulin.
AB  - Infusion of insulin (1 U/hr) for 14 hr suppressed basal glucagon levels and
      normalized previously excessive glucagon responses to arginine in juvenile-onset,
      insulin-dependent diabetic subjects, indicating that abnormal pancreatic alpha
      cell function in human juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus may be a consequence of
      insulin lack.

PMID- 1206105
TI  - 11 beta-Hydroxylase with affinity to C-21-Deoxysteroids from ovaries of patients
      with polycystic ovary syndrome.
AB  - When ovarian mitochondria from a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome (POS)
      were incubated with [7-3H]17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and [4-14C]17alpha
      hydroxyprogesterone, 11beta-hydroxylated metabolites were obtained. When the same
      mitochondrial preparation was incubated with [7-3H]17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone
      and [4-14C]11-deoxycortisol no 11beta-hydroxylated derivatives of 11
      deoxycortisol were found. These results are compatible with and support the
      conclusion that the ovary of POS patients who excrete pregnanetriolone contains
      an 11beta-hydroxylase capable of hydroxylating C-21-deoxysteroids but not C-21
      hydroxysteroids.

PMID- 1206106
TI  - New microtechnique for the leptospiral microscopic agglutination test.
AB  - A new microtechnique has been developed for the detection of leptospiral
      antibodies in serum by the microscopic agglutination test. The test was set up in
      a microtiter transfer plate held in a transfer plate holder, resting on a
      transfer plate cover. Live leptospiral antigen was added and a second transfer
      plate cover was placed over the transfer plate during 2 h of incubation at 32 C.
      After incubation the bottom cover was removed and the complete unit was placed in
      a specially designed base plate containing microscope slides (50 by 75 mm). The
      serum/antigen mixture was ejected on to the microscope slides by means of a sharp
      tap. The agglutination was then read using a 10 X objective, 10 X eyepieces, and
      a dry, dark field condenser.

PMID- 1206107
TI  - Nationwide epidemic of septicemia caused by contaminated intravenous products:
      mechanisms of intrinsic contamination.
AB  - Between 1 July 1970 and April 1971, in many hospitals in this country, there were
      outbreaks of nosocomial septicemia caused by Enterobacter cloacae of E.
      agglomerans (formerly Erwinia, herbicola-lathyri). All of these hospitals used
      infusion products manufactured by one company, Abbott Laboratories, and all
      affected patients had onset of septicemia while receiving the company's infusion
      products. Septicemia was epidemiologically and microbiologically traced to
      intrinsic contamination of the company's screw-cap closure for infusion bottles
      which was sealed with a newly introduced elastomer liner. Epidemic organisms were
      isolated from these closures. Investigations both in the laboratory and in the
      manufacturing plant into the mechanism of contamination of these products
      revealed the following. (i) Epidemic strains were present in numerous areas
      throughout the manufacturing plants. (ii) Viable microorganisms gained access to
      the interior of screw-cap closures after the autoclave step of production. (iii)
      Cooling closures actively drew moisture through the thread interstices into the
      inner-most depths of the closure. (iv) Transfer of contaminants from closures to
      fluid was easily effected by simple manipulations duplicating normal in-hospital
      use. (v) The red-rubber liner used in the company's screw-cap closures before the
      introduction of elastomer contained a broad-spectrum antimicrobial inhibitor. The
      findings from this epidemic and the associated studies show that the screw-cap
      closure as it is now designed cannot be considered secure for products that must
      remain sterile.

PMID- 1206108
TI  - Experiments on terminal disinfection by formaldehyde vapor in the case of
      smallpox.
AB  - The usually recommended terminal disinfection by formaldehyde vapor is unable to
      completely inactivate vaccinia viruses embedded in scabs. In view of our results,
      we recommend doubling the concentration of formaldehyde (10 g of formaldehyde per
      m3 of space) and prolonging the time of exposure to 24 h for terminal
      disinfection in the case of smallpox. Subsequent disinfection by scrubbing
      assumes special importance, since no complete inactivation of the scabs occurs.

PMID- 1206109
TI  - Simple procedure for the removal of nonspecific inhibitors of rubella virus
      hemagglutination.
AB  - The adsorption of serum lipoproteins onto an insoluble matrix of colloidal
      silicic acid results in the removal of nonspecific inhibitors of rubella virus
      hemagglutinin. The procedure can be performed in 15 min at room temperature.
      Comparative studies using both the dextran sulfate-CaCl2 and heparin-MnCl2
      methods for removal of inhibitors demonstrated that the colloidal silicic acid
      procedure yielded identical hemagglutination inhibition titers. In addition, it
      is technically feasible to read titers below 1:8.

PMID- 1206110
TI  - Polypectate digestion by Yersinia.
AB  - The ability of Yersinia to digest polypectate may be of some value in
      differentiating Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis from some of the
      other fermenting gram-negative bacilli, such as Enterobacter agglomerans, with
      which they can be confused. Pectolytic activity in Yersinia may also have some
      teleologic or taxonomic significance about which we do not care to speculate.

PMID- 1206111
TI  - Isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus from wound infections.
AB  - Vibrio alginolyticus was isolated from two patients with leg wounds. Both had a
      history of recent exposure to ocean water.

PMID- 1206113
TI  - A simple test to demonstrate antibiotic synergism.

PMID- 1206112
TI  - Use of a serologically distinct strain of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris in the
      diagnosis of farmer's lung disease.
AB  - During investigations into farmer's lung disease it was noticed that
      Micropolyspora faeni (MF) was isolated and identified with ease, but difficulty
      was encountered in the identification of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris (TV),
      although an organism resembling TV was frequently isolated. Extracts prepared
      from the isolates resembling TV (called Thermoactinomyces vulgaris variant, TVV)
      when tested against the standard TV antiserum by double diffusion, did not
      produce any precipitin lines. When TVV extracts were tested against the serum of
      a patient from whom TVV had been isolated from the sputum, +++ precipitin lines
      were observed. With the TVV extracts the authors have demonstrated the existence
      of a serologically distinct strain of TV, and also that it would be a useful
      addition to the routine testing of antibodies to farmer's lung disease.

PMID- 1206114
TI  - A modified rack for the LKB sample processor.

PMID- 1206115
TI  - Letter: Unusual megaloblastic anaemia.

PMID- 1206116
TI  - Spontaneous infarction of the breast.
AB  - Five cases of infarction of physiological hyperplastic breast tissue associated
      with pregnancy or lactation are reported. These presented clinically as lumps in
      the breast, two of which were painful. Similar cases in the literature are
      briefly reviewed. The demonstration of an underlying lobular pattern in the
      present cases and the distribution of the infarcts support the view that the so
      called 'adenoma' of pregnancy or lactation is a myth. Organizing vascular
      thrombi, previously unrecorded in this context, were seen in three of the five
      cases, and it is postulated that these lesions are the primary cause of the
      infarction rather than relative vascular insufficiency, as proposed by previous
      authors.

PMID- 1206117
TI  - Extrarenal malignancy and the nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - The clinical and histological findings are described of a patient who presented
      with the nephrotic syndrome and was found at necropsy to have a bronchial
      carcinoma. Amyloidosis, renal vein thrombosis, and neoplastic infiltration of the
      kidneys were excluded. The kidneys showed a diffuse glomerulonephritis of
      mesangiocapillary type. The possible aetiological association between these two
      conditions is discussed.

PMID- 1206119
TI  - Agar culture and chromosome analysis of eosinophilic leukaemia.
AB  - The blood and bone marrow of a 75-year-old woman with eosinophilia were studied
      in an attempt to characterize further the entity eosinophilic leukaemia (EL).
      Haemopoietic cell culture in agar gave patterns of colony size and number and
      cell morphology indistinguishable from those seen in classical chronic
      granulocytic leukaemia (CGL). Analysis of myeloid cells showed an extra C group
      chromosome that proved on Giemsa banding to be number 10. These results suggest
      that some cases of EL represent a chronic myeloproliferative disease that
      resembles classical CGL but can be distinguished from it by chromosomal analysis.

PMID- 1206120
TI  - Change of blood group from A2 to Ax in a child with congenital abnormalities.
AB  - A blood group change from A2 to Ax is described in a boy who had Fallot's
      tetralogy, oesophageal atresia, and a tracheo-oesophageal fistula. The change of
      blood group created a transfusion problem. The unusual serology is discussed.

PMID- 1206118
TI  - Quantitative observations on iliac bone marrow mast cells in chronic renal
      failure.
AB  - Mast cells have been counted in sections of iliac bone from 61 control subjects
      at necropsy. Mast cells were found in all but three, and the range was 0-33-7,
      median 1-95 per mm2 marrow. The majority (82%) had less than 4-99 mast cells per
      mm2 marrow; in 37-7% there was less than 1 mast cell per mm2 marrow. In a group
      of 45 patients with chronic renal failure there was a significant increase in the
      numbers of mast cells (P less than 0-001) with a range of 0-96-55-63, median 9-55
      per mm2 marrow. Mast cells were common in the areas of marrow fibrosis associated
      with osteitis fibrosa but this was not the sole cause of the increase since there
      was also an excess of mast cells in the non-fibrous parts of the marrow. There
      was a tendency towards greater numbers of mast cells in those cases with most
      marked osteitis fibrosa in association with the prominent marrow fibrosis, but
      there was no significant relationship between mast cell numbers and other
      features of oesteitis fibrosa such as the number of osteoclasts and the amount of
      woven bone formation. There was no relationship between the numbers of mast cells
      and the amounts of total bone, ostoid, percentage mineralization of cancellous
      bone, or the presence of osteomalacia.

PMID- 1206121
TI  - Detection and quantitation of tetanus antitoxin in blood donations.
AB  - Passive haemagglutination and IEOP have been used both to detect and to measure
      tetanus antitoxin in human donor sera. Forty percent of blood donors had
      detectable antitoxin but only 9% had levels suitable for production of human
      antitetanus immuoglobulin (larger than or equal to 2 IU/ml). The incidence of
      high titre antitoxin was significantly greater in men and was unrelated to the
      ABO blood group system. The prevalence of antitoxin in selected donor groups and
      immunized staff is shown.

PMID- 1206122
TI  - Factor VIII levels during the course of acute hepatitis in a haemophiliac.
AB  - A 51-year-old patient with haemophilia since childhood (usual factor VIII level
      14%) developed acute viral hepatitis type B two months after an operation which
      had been covered by cryoprecipitate. The course of the hepatitis following
      admission was severe with encephalopathy and ascites. Evidence of intravascular
      coagulation with an increased radioactive fibrinogen turnover was also present.
      The factor VIII level measured by a one-stage clotting factor assay rose rapidly
      to 200% of normal and remained at this level for two weeks, and factor-VIII
      related antigen as measured by electroimmunoassay also became greatly elevated
      (900% of normal). The possible mechanisms underlying those surprising changes are
      discussed.

PMID- 1206123
TI  - Heparin neutralizing activity test in the diagnosis of acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - We have previously shown in patients after recovery from a myocardial infarct
      (post-MI) that the heparin neutralizing activity (HNA) in the plasma is raised
      and that this activity may come from platelet factor 4 derived from activated
      platelets. This report concerns 89 patients admitted with acute chest pain; in
      54, with evidence of acute infarction, the level of HNA is much higher than in a
      post-MI group or controls. Over the ensuing weeks the HNA decreases to the post
      MI level. In 34 patients the evidence subsequently collected excluded a diagnosis
      of infarction; in these there were almost always normal amounts of HNA and little
      overlap with the results from the patients with infarcts. This easy test is
      therefore likely to prove clinically useful. Its significance is discussed. The
      platelet count and platelet volume are both abnormal in patients with acute
      infarction and also in the chest pain group so these tests do not help to
      discriminate.

PMID- 1206124
TI  - Comparison of tablets and paper discs for antibiotic sensitivity testing.
AB  - The value of tablets and paper discs as reservoirs of antimicrobial agents for
      use in sensitivity testing was compared. Antibiotics that were unstable in paper
      discs showed no demonstrable loss of activity in tablets over a period of 50 days
      under adverse storage conditions. The antibiotic content of commercially prepared
      tablets is very high in comparison with the accepted content of paper discs used
      in Britain, but not all of the agent is released from tablets during tests.
      Comparison of the size of zones of inhibition around tablets and standard paper
      discs indicated that the amount of the various agents released from the tablets
      varied between 2-6% and 69% of the stated content. In tests of the sensitivity of
      a range of common pathogenic organisms, the results obtained with the tablet
      method--when interpreted as recommended by the manufacturer--were generally
      similar to those obtained with a paper disc method commonly used in British
      laboratories. In 47% of tests with aminoglycoside antibiotics, however, strains
      sensitive by the disc method were 'intermediate' or resistant by the tablet
      method. As with paper discs, it was necessary to press the tablets on to the
      medium. With adjustment of the 'effective antibiotic content of tablets to bring
      it into line with the accepted content in paper discs, the stability of
      antibiotics in the tablets might make them an acceptable alternative to paper
      discs.

PMID- 1206125
TI  - Pseudomonas putrefaciens as a cause of infection in humans.
AB  - Pseudomonas putrefaciens, a strongly H2S-producing pseudomonad, was isolated from
      10 human infections over a two-year period. In one patient the organism was
      repeatedly isolated from a phlegmone developing in the depth of a varicose leg
      ulcer. This is the first report on the occurrence of Ps. putrefaciens in humans
      outside the USA and the first to provide the detailed account of a clinical
      observation where the opportunistic pathogenic role of this unfamiliar organism
      has been sufficiently documented. Data are presented on the bacteriological
      properties and on the antibiotic sensitivity of Ps. putrefaciens.

PMID- 1206127
TI  - Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken:
      tonotopic organization of n. magnocellularis and n. laminaris.
AB  - Extracellular recordings of responses to tone-burst stimulation were used to
      determine the tonotopic organization of n. magnocellularis (NM) and n. laminaris
      (NL) in hatching chickens. NM cells show "primary-like" response patterns to
      ipsilateral stimulation, and are arranged in dorso-ventral isofrequency columns.
      Units responding to the highest frequency tones (about 4,100 Hz) are situated at
      the rostromedial pole of the medial division. Units with lower characteristic
      frequencies (CF's) are found at successively caudal and lateral sites, until
      extremely low CF's ( less than 500 Hz) are represented dorsoventrally in the
      daudolateral tail of the lateral division. No evidence was found of auditory
      input to the region which receives projections from the macula lagena. NL
      receives polarized, binaural, excitatory input. Units have similar CF's and
      thresholds to tones presented to either ear. The tonotopic organization in NL
      matches that found in NM--high CF's rostromedially and low CF's caudal and
      lateral. Quantitative procedures were developed for relating CF to the position
      of a unit within either nucleus. These analyses account for 79% and 89% of the
      frequency variance found within NM and NL, respectively, and predict the CF of a
      neuron by its position within each nucleus.

PMID- 1206126
TI  - Olfactory relationships of the telencephalon and diencephalon in the rabbit. II.
      An autoradiographic and horseradish peroxidase study of the efferent connections
      of the anterior olfactory nucleus.
AB  - The efferent connections of the anterior olfactory nucleus in the female albino
      rabbit have been studied using the autoradiographic and horseradish peroxidase
      methods for tracing axonal pathways. Following a unilateral injection of 3H
      leucine into the olfactory peduncle, radioactively labeled efferent projections
      from the anterior olfactory nucleus were traced into all layers of the
      ipsilateral main olfactory bulb beneath the olfactory nerve layer and through the
      ipsilateral anterior limb of the anterior commissure and plexiform layer of the
      medial side of the cerebral hemisphere to the deep half of the plexiform (IB) and
      pyramidal cell (II) layers of the prepyriform cortex, the tenia tecta, and the
      entire surface of the olfactory tubercle. Labeled projections crossing the
      midline within the anterior commissure were followed to the layers IB and II of
      the contralateral anterior prepyriform cortex and pars externa, pars lateralis,
      and pars dorsalis of the anterior olfactory nucleus, and through the
      periventricular layer of the olfactory peduncle to all layers of the main
      olfactory bulb beneath the olfactory nerve layer. No well-defined labeled
      projection was traced to the contralateral accessory olfactory bulb. Evidence for
      possible anterior olfactory nucleus and/or prepyriform cortical projections to
      the ipsilateral paleocortical half of the claustrum, horizontal limb of the
      nucleus of the diagonal band, the posterior lateral hypothalamus at the level of
      the mammillary complex, and to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis is
      discussed. Intra-axonal retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase from axon
      terminals to parent cell bodies after unilateral injection of the protein into
      the main olfactory bulb or anterior olfactory nucleus revealed that anterior
      olfactory nucleus projections to the olfactory bulbs and the contralateral
      anterior olfactory nucleus arise predominately from the pars externa. The
      autoradiographic data indicate that the anterior olfactory nucleus projects to
      olfactory cortical structures which also receive afferent input from the
      olfactory bulb and that the termination of these projections is complementary to
      those from the olfactory bulb.

PMID- 1206128
TI  - Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken:
      organization of projections from n. magnocellularis to n. laminaris.
AB  - The tonotopic and topographic organization of the bilateral projection from
      second-order auditory neurons of nucleus magnocellularis (NM) to nucleus
      laminaris (NL) was examined in young chickens. In one group of birds, the NM
      axons which innvervate the contralateral NL were severed by cutting the crossed
      dorsal cochlear tract at the midline. Heavy terminal degeneration in NL was
      confined to the neuropil area immediately ventral to the perikaryl lamina. Very
      little degeneration was seen in the dorsal neuropil region. In a second series of
      animals, the charactertistic frequency (CF) of cells in an area of NM was first
      determined by microelectrode recording techniques and then a small electrolytic
      lesion was made through the recording electrode. Following survival periods of 24
      48 hours, the distribution of projections from the lesioned area to the
      ipsilateral and contralateral NL was examined using the Fink-Heimer method. As
      previously described in the pigeon, projections from NM terminate densely in the
      neuropil region immediately dorsal to the ipsilateral NL cell bodies and ventral
      to the perikaryl layer on the contralateral side, providing each NL neuron with
      segregated binaural innervation. Lesions in any area of the NM produced
      degeneration confined to a limited caudo-rostral and medio-lateral portion of
      both laminar nuclei. To investigate this topographic relationship, the cuado
      rostral extents of the lesion in NM and of the resulting degeneration in both NL
      were determined. Linear regression and correlation analyses then related these
      positional values to each other and to the CF found at the center of each lesion.
      All correlations were highly significant and ranged from 0.78 between the
      position of the lesion in NM and CF to 0.91 between the caudo-rostral position of
      degeneration in the NL ipsilateral and contralateral to the lesion. It is
      concluded that neurons in NM project in a very discrete topographic, tonotopic
      and symmetrical fashion to NL on both sides of the brain, contributing to the
      binaural response properties and tonotopic organization of neurons in NL. The
      results also suggest that the organization of projections from NM to NL could
      provide a mechanism for the differential transmission delay required by a "place"
      model of low-frequency sound localization.

PMID- 1206129
TI  - The olivocerebellar projection in the cat studied with the method of retrograde
      axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase.
AB  - The distribution of labeled cells in the inferior olive of the cat has been
      mapped following injections of small amounts of horseradish perosidase in the
      paramedian lobule of the cerebellum. The distribution of labeled cells was
      plotted in drawings of approximately serial transverse sections. The findings in
      each case were transferred to a standard diagram of the olive to facilitate
      comparison of cases. Previous studies of the distribution of retrograde cell loss
      in the inferior olive following cerebellar lesions (Brodal, '40b) showed that
      fibers ending in the paramedian lobule come from the caudal part of the ventral
      lamella of the principla olive. This was confirmed with the peroxidase method,
      but in addition three other separate and well circumscribed area of the olive
      showed labeling: one in the dorsal accessory olive, another in the rostral part
      of the medial accessory olive, a third in the caudal part of the dorsal lamella
      of the principal olive (fig. 7). There is some degree of topical arrangement
      within the projection of each of these olivary areas to the paramedian lobule. It
      is particularly striking that the projection areas of the caudal one-third of the
      lobule are different from and overlap only little with those of the orstral two
      thirds. On account of diffusion of the injected perosidase solution in the folia
      it could not be decided whether the different olivary areas project to particular
      longitudinal zones in the paramedian lobule. The main findings can be correlated
      with the physiological observations of Armstrong et al. ('74). Some of the
      "paramedian" olivary areas are labeled also following peroxidase injections in
      other cerebellar parts, among them the nuclei interpositus anterior and
      posterior. The findings are compatible with the notion that olivocerebellar
      fibers branch to supply more than one cerebellar region. It is confirmed that the
      olivocerebellar projection, including that of the nuclei, is almost completely
      crossed. In the discussion it is emphasized that afferents from several sources
      converge on all four olivary regions projecting onto the paramedian lobule. The
      olivocerebellar projection obviously allows for divergence as well as convergence
      of impulses from the olive to the cerebellum. For further insight into the
      anatomical organization of the inferior olive, the entire olivocerebellar
      projection has to be mapped with the peroxidase methods, and further studies of
      the afferents to the olive are needed. In such studies, as well as in
      physiological ones, it is essential that findings are described with meticulous
      reference to the topography of the olivary subdivisions.

PMID- 1206131
TI  - Anatomy of the cerebral ganglion of the male acanthocephalan, Moniliformis
      dubius.
AB  - An atlas of the cerebral ganglion of Moniliformis dubius has been constructed and
      the cells identified by number. There is a total of 88 cells, two of which are
      binucleate. These cells (20 and 90) are located in the frontal plane. The cell
      population is equally distributed between each half of the ganglion, there being
      41 cells on each side with six cells centrally located between the two halves.
      Most cells give rise to bilateral processes and are organized in such a way that
      there is an outer coat of somata or cell bodies. Cell bodies predominate on the
      ventral surface, but the dorsal surface is more of a mixture of cell bodies and
      nerve processes. The core or neuropile occupies the central part of the ganglion
      and is the site for cross over for many cell processes which then exist from the
      side opposite the cell body. The cytoarchitecture of these cells varies
      considerably. Most have a large round nucleus with well defined nucleoli.

PMID- 1206130
TI  - A normally laminated afferent projection to an abnormally laminated cortex: some
      olfactory connections in the reeler mouse.
AB  - The relative positions of pyramidal and polymorphic cell classes are inverted in
      the central olfactory cortical structures of the reeler mutant mouse. Each cell
      class is generated at the normal embryonic time. The polymorphic cells of the
      mutant, like those of the normal, are generated between E11-E13. The pyramidal
      cells are formed between E11-E16 in both. Despite the anomalous positions of
      their somata deep in the cortex the apical dendrites of many pyramidal cells
      reach and ramify at a superficial cortical level subjacent to the lateral
      olfactory tract. The main and accessory olfactory bulbs are cytoarchitectonically
      normal in the mutant and project normally upon the anterior olfactory nucleus,
      the olfactory tubercle, the hippocampal rudiment, the piriform cortex, the
      amygdaloid region and the entorhinal cortex. As in the normal animal the axons
      transverse layer Ialpha, and their terminals are concentrated in the immediately
      subjacent laminar zone. The rostrally directed cortic-cortical association system
      of the piriform cortex projects upon the anterior olfactory nucleus in the mutant
      just as in the normal with a relative concentration of terminals in a lamina
      subjacent and complementary to the zone of termination afferent systems in the
      abnormally laminated olfactory cortex of the mutant syggests that, in this system
      at least, the developmental mechanisms which determine relative position of
      neuron somata and those which govern axon trajectories and the distribution of
      axon terminals are largely independent.

PMID- 1206132
TI  - Functional localization and cortical architecture in the nine-banded armadilli
      (Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus).
AB  - A functional map of the armadillo neocortex was produced by cortical stimulation
      and recording evoked potentials following somatic, auditory and visual stimuli.
      The results obtained were then correlated with the cortical architecture as
      revealed by Nissl, Golgi and myelin-stained sections. Cortex rostral to the
      supraorbital sulcus has a wide layer IV and is mostly silent, except for a motor
      eye field and a part of the tongue sensory region in its caudal part. Two types
      of motor-sensory cortex are present caudal to the supraorbital sulcus.
      Postsupraorbital I is mostly motor and has prominent pyramidal layers. Layer V is
      particularly well developed and in rostral sections its superficial zone is
      broken up into clusters similar to the solid "barrels" seen in layer IV of other
      species. Postsupraorbital II has less prominent pyramidal layers and layers II
      and III are organized into clusters. This region corresponds to the sensory area
      for the limbs and trunk and the partially overlapping (surface recordings)
      sensory and motor areas for head, snout and tongue. Digits and limbs are rostral
      to the trunk representation in both the sensory and motor "homunculi." Even
      though surface recording was employed, potentials evoked by visual stimuli could
      only be recorded from a small caudal area with a very thin layer IV. Although
      striate and peristriate areas appear similar in Nissl stained preparations, they
      can be readily differentiated in Weil stained sections. The stellate character of
      neurons in layer IV of the visual cortex is particularly apparent in Golgi
      material. Auditory evoked surface potentials were recorded from a broad oval
      region in the caudal lateral cortex which has a wide layer IV and aggregates of
      neurons in layers II and III. A Weil stain demonstrates inner and outer bands of
      Baillarger in this same region. The presumptive insular cortex is electrically
      silent to sensory stimulation and presents as a narrow band just dorsal to the
      rhinal fissure with indefinite cell lamination and little myelin.

PMID- 1206133
TI  - Nonequilibration of acetyl units from fatty acids and glucose in mammary glands
      of lactating mice.
AB  - Lipid synthesis by lactating mouse mammary gland slices from [1-carbon14]
      propionate, [1-carbon14] valerate, and [1-carbon-14] heptanoate, in the presence
      of glucose and from [uniformly labeled carbon-14] glucose in the presence of
      propionate, valerate, and heptanoate was studied. Regardless of the labeled
      substrate, almost all of the radioactivity incorporated into the total lipid
      fraction was in triglycerides. In experiments with labeled glucose and either the
      propionic. the valeric, or the heptylic acid, the carbon-14 fatty acids in
      triglycerides were almost exclusively composed of even-chain fatty acids. When
      the substrate was either [1-carbon-14] propionate, [1-carbon-14] valerate, or [1
      carbon-14] heptanoate, in the presence of glucose, the pattern changed to one in
      which a larger proportion of the radioactivity was in the odd-chain fatty acids.
      These findings suggest that in mouse mammary gland, acetyl units produced via
      beta-oxidation of fatty acids may not equilibrate with those formed from
      oxidation of pyruvate which is derived from glucose.

PMID- 1206134
TI  - Milk secretory response of the conscious lactating rat following intravenous
      injections of rat prolactin.
AB  - Mammary glands of rats on day 14 of lactation were emptied of milk by the pups
      after 8 h of nonsuckling with the aid of oxytocin injections to the mother. The
      glands subsequently refilled about 50% within 6 h and were completely refilled
      with mild within 16 h. Suckling for 5 min midway during the 8 h period of
      nonsuckling caused complete refilling of the glands within 6 h. Refilling within
      6 h also occurred if, instead of suckling, rat prolactin was injected at 1 min
      intervals directly into the circulation of the conscious mother via an indwelling
      right atrial catheter. Five injections of 200 ng or three injections of 400 ng
      were without effect (in comparison with five injections of saline) upon mammary
      refilling whereas 10 injections of 200 ng or four injections of 400 ng simulated
      significant but submaximal refilling. Complete refilling resulted from five
      injections of 400 ng. Prolactin is secreted steadily over prolonged periods of
      suckling in the rat, but only that prolactin released during the first few
      minutes of suckling appears to be required for milk secretion.

PMID- 1206135
TI  - Metabolism of arginine and ornithine in the cow and rabbit mammary tissue.
AB  - Amino acid uptake by the bovine mammary gland was determined by arteriovenous
      difference. Extraction of arginine from the plasma by the lactating bovine
      mammary gland was in excess of requirements for milk protein synthesis. Ornithine
      and citrulline also were extracted by the gland but are not in milk protein.
      Incubations of slices of lactating mammary tissue from cows and rabbits indicate
      that nonessential amino acids, especially proline and glutamate, are the major
      end products of arginine and ornithine metabolism in the lactating mammary gland.

PMID- 1206137
TI  - Metabolism of liquid whey fed to sheep.
AB  - Digestion was studied with three groups of four sheep each fed alfalfa hay.
      Treatments were whey only, whey plus water, and water only. Digestibilities of
      dry matter for the three rations were 71.3, 69.7, and 62.9%. Digestibilities of
      whey solids calculated by difference was 86.9% for whey only and 81.6% for whey
      plus water. Twelve sheep were in three trials to determine the intake of whey,
      water, and hay consumption. They were assigned to whey only, whey plus water, and
      water only. Hay, whey, and water consumption was 1.89, 8.73, and 0; 1.88, 7.62,
      and 1.21; and 2.05, 0, and 6.07 kg per animal daily. Three mature fistulated
      wether sheep were fed 6 liters of liquid whey daily. Three mature fistulated
      wether sheep uere fed 6 liters of liquid whey daily, and three similar sheep were
      fed water only. Rumen liquor samples were taken for analysis of volatile fatty
      acids at 0, 3, and 6 h after whey feeding on each of three alternate days.
      Alfalfa hay (1.2 kg/animal daily) was fed after the 6-h sampling. Molar
      percentage of acetic and valeric acids were lower and for butyric acid was higher
      for sheep fed whey. Propionic acid, acetate:propionate ratio, and total
      concentration were not affected significantly by whey feeding. Acetic acid
      decreased from 0 to 3 h, then partly returned to the prefeeding level at 6 h. The
      reverse was true for butyric acid. Valeric acid and total concentration of
      volatile fatty acids decreased from 0 to 6 h. Effects of day were unexplained.

PMID- 1206136
TI  - Effect of drying off practices on mastitis infection.
AB  - Two methods of drying off cows, intermittent milking and abrupt cessation, were
      studied with data from 9254 quarters of cows on 36 New York dairy farms. Eighty
      percent of the cows were infused with nine different antibiotic preparations
      separately at drying off, and 20% served as controls. Cows dried off by
      intermittent milking has a similar number of quarters infected at drying off, had
      fewer spontaneous recoveries, had a higher rate of cure, and developed fewer new
      infections in control quarters in comparison with cows dried off by the stop
      method. Methods worked equally well in treated cows. However, intermittent
      milking resulted in fewer infections at subsequent calving than stop milking in
      nondry treated cows. Cows producing less than or equal to 4 kg of milk at drying
      off were more highly infected than higher producing cows. Hind quarters contained
      more infections at drying off, fewer responded to therapy, and more infections
      developed in the dry period. Cows with dry periods of less than or equal to 30
      days had more infected quarters respond to therapy and had the fewest new
      infections in the dry period. The role of routine dry cow therapy in decreasing
      the number of infections in dairy herds by preventing new infections and removing
      old infections is demonstrated.

PMID- 1206138
TI  - Digestibility and volatile fatty acids in steers and wethers at 21 and 32 C
      ambient temperature.
AB  - Four steers and four closely shorn wethers, each with ruminal fistula, were used
      in a reversal experiment to compare the direct effect of 21 and 32 C ambient
      temperatures (70% relative humidity) on dry matter digestibility and ruminal
      volatile fatty acid concentrations. Pelleted alfalfa intake was held constant at
      2.3% of body weight. Orts were placed into the rumen via fistula. Dry matter
      digestibility was determined by total collection during the last 7 days of each
      trial. On one of the last 2 days, ruminal fluid was sampled 11 times within 13 h.
      At 32 C, the steers suffered considerable heat stress as evidenced by a mean 1.6
      C increase in body temperature, reduced heart rate, and greatly increased
      respiration rate. The wethers, however, exhibited only increased respiration rate
      at 32 C. Extent of digestion increased five percentage units for the steers but
      did not change for the wethers at the high temperature. Temperature caused only
      slight shifts in ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations. Volatile fatty acid
      concentrations were much higher in steers than in wethers. The frequently
      observed effects of heat stress on intake and digestibility are mediated by
      changes in rate of passage as a result of altered thyroid secretion rates.

PMID- 1206139
TI  - Relationship between ruminal ammonia and nonprotein nitrogen utilization by
      ruminants. I. Development of a model for predicting nonprotein nitrogen
      utilization by cattle.
AB  - The influence of ration composition on mean ruminal ammonia concentration was
      studied by collecting samples of ruminal ingesta from cattle fed rations varying
      in crude protein and total digestible nutrient content. A minimum of four
      sampling times distributed throughout the day permitted calculation of mean
      ruminal ammonia concentrations. Mean ruminal ammonia concentration was positively
      related to dietary crude protein concentration and negatively related to total
      digestible nutrient concentration. It is postulated that mean ruminal ammonia
      concentration may be a useful criterion for predicting efficacy of nonprotein
      nitrogen supplementation. A quantitative approach for evaluating nonprotein
      nitrogen supplementation based upon determination of the point at which ruminal
      ammonia exceeds the requirement (5 mg ammonia nitrogen/100 ml rumen fluid) of the
      ammonia-utilizing bacteria is proposed. Dietary conditions expected to result in
      excessive concentrations of ruminal ammonia are defined and recommended upper
      limits for nonprotein nitrogen supplementation are presented. Theoretical
      relationships between composition of the unsupplemented ration, amount of
      nonprotein nitrogen added, and efficiency of nonprotein nitrogen utilization are
      discussed. The practice of adding nonprotein nitrogen so as to exceed 12 to 13%
      crude protein in typical dairy or feedlot rations needs to be reevaluated.

PMID- 1206140
TI  - Relationship between ruminal ammonia and nonprotein nitrogen utilization by
      ruminants. II. Application of published evidence to the development of
      theoretical model for predicting nonprotein nitrogen utilization.
AB  - Results from published experiments dealing with several aspects of nitrogen
      utilization by ruminants were used to test the concept of zero utilization of
      nonprotein nitrogen under conditions where more ammonia (greater than 5 mg
      ammonia nitrogen/100 ml) is in the rumen than can be converted to microbial
      protein. Results from experiments where the flow of non-ammonia nitrogen to the
      abomasum of sheep was measured indicate that when urea was the source of
      supplemental nitrogen, a constant quantity of amino acids reached the abomasum
      for all rations ranging from 10 to 23% crude protein. From growth studies,
      addition of nonprotein nitrogen to low protein, high energy rations caused an
      improved rate of gain. Additions of nonprotein nitrogen to rations resulting in
      predicted ruminal ammonia concentrations greater than 5 mg ammonia nitrogen/100
      ml rumen fluid were without benefit. From lactation studies, nonprotein nitrogen
      supplementation did not improve milk production if the ration contained more than
      12.5% crude protein prior to supplementation or if the predicted ruminal ammonia
      concentration was greater than 4 mg ammonia nitrogen/100 ml rumen fluid. The
      importance of the amino acid requirement of the animal as well as the composition
      of the ration in designing and evaluating nitrogen supplementation studies is
      discussed.

PMID- 1206141
TI  - Simplified method for producing permanent ruminal fistulae.
AB  - A quick and simple method for establishing permanent rumimal fistulae is
      described. A frozen cannula is forced into the rumen in a manner similar to the
      use of a trocar. Minimal equipment is required, and the entire operation can be
      performed in 15 to 20 min in sheep or 30 min in cattle. The technique has been
      used successfully to fistulate seven sheep and two cows.

PMID- 1206142
TI  - Effect of forage-to-concentrate ratio in complete feeds and feed intake on
      digestion of starch by dairy cows.
AB  - In digestion trials, 16 Holstein cows were fed complete mixed feeds of (a) 75:25,
      (b) 60:40, (c) 45:55, and (d) 30:70 ratios of forage to concentrate on a dry
      basis. At an intake of feed for maintenance, digestibility of starch ranged from
      96.2 to 96.8%. During the lactation phase when intakes of feed were 2.5 to 3.2
      times maintenance, digestibility of starch ranged from 84.7 to 88.1%. Starch in
      feces represented 2.9, 3.7, 5.5, and 5.9% of the intake of dry matter during the
      lactation phase, and .6, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.6% of intake at maintenance for the
      respective rations. At high intakes of concentrate, substantial amounts of
      dietary starch escaped degradation in the rumen and small intestine and were lost
      in the feces.

PMID- 1206143
TI  - Erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase changes in the preruminant calf.
AB  - Sixteen preruminant, male Holstein calves were tested for erythrocyte delta
      aminolevulinic acid dehydrase activity, hemoglobin and erythrocyte count in blood
      samples taken weekly during the first 13 wk of life. delta-Aminolevulinic acid
      dehydrase showed a continual increase in activity beginning at wk 3 to a maximal
      activity at wk 9. Hemoglobin content was decreased by wk 5 and erythrocyte count
      was reduced by wk 6. delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydrase enzyme activities
      increased with age corresponding to changes in hemoglobin and erythrocyte count
      during early postnatal development of the preruminant calf.

PMID- 1206144
TI  - [Microbiological transformation and degradation of pesticides].

PMID- 1206145
TI  - [Differentiation of Proteus-Providencia group bacteria according to the fatty
      acid makeup determined by a gas chromatographic method].

PMID- 1206146
TI  - [Phenotypic mixing in vivo and in vitro between serologically different strains
      of the TMV].

PMID- 1206147
TI  - [Kinetic characteristics of the growth of the ascitic strain L-5178 in mice].

PMID- 1206149
TI  - [Interrenal and chromaffin tissue of bony fishes].

PMID- 1206148
TI  - [Action of energy metabolism inhibitors on RNA synthesis in a cell-free system].

PMID- 1206150
TI  - [Temperature regimes for the formation and germination of Thermoactinomyces
      vulgaris endospores].

PMID- 1206152
TI  - [Effect of cystamine on the ultraviolet fluorescence of leukocytes in animals and
      man].

PMID- 1206151
TI  - [Effect of adaptation to hypoxia on DNA depolymerase activity in the lymphoid
      tissues of animals].

PMID- 1206153
TI  - [Physiological interaction of vibrotactile and auditory reception].

PMID- 1206154
TI  - [Study of the changes in the properties of ascitic fluid from S-37 tumors under
      the action of a constant magnetic field using the method of erythrocyte
      dispersion analysis].

PMID- 1206156
TI  - Measurement of freeway noise and community response.

PMID- 1206155
TI  - [Isolation and purification of 5'-endoribonuclease from the hepatic nuclei of
      rats].

PMID- 1206157
TI  - Noise and sleep: a literature review and a proposed criterion for assessing
      effect.

PMID- 1206158
TI  - Encoding and pitch strength of complex tones.

PMID- 1206159
TI  - Identification of random auditory waveforms.

PMID- 1206160
TI  - Perception of complex sounds: "hidden auditory figures".

PMID- 1206162
TI  - Linear estimation of nonstationary signals.

PMID- 1206163
TI  - Time-frequency resolution experiment in speech analysis and synthesis.

PMID- 1206161
TI  - Perception of voicing in English affricates and fricatives.

PMID- 1206164
TI  - Auditory intensity discrimination in the parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus).

PMID- 1206165
TI  - Letter: Comments on "ambient noise level above plane with continuous distribution
      of random sources" (L. C. Sutherland, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 57, 1540-1542 (1975)).

PMID- 1206166
TI  - Loudness and the acoustic reflex.

PMID- 1206167
TI  - Letter: Comments on summarization of the findings of Liberman et al. regarding
      the role of formant transitions in the perception of voiceless stops.

PMID- 1206168
TI  - Comparison between two methods of response for auditory localization in the
      azimuth plane.

PMID- 1206169
TI  - Variables in patient satisfaction with medical care.

PMID- 1206170
TI  - The relationship between first sexual intercourse and ways of handling
      contraception among college students.

PMID- 1206171
TI  - Health problems in Hacettepe University students.

PMID- 1206172
TI  - Editorial: Title IX and the female athlete.

PMID- 1206173
TI  - Health educators in search of a philosophy: a fantasy.

PMID- 1206174
TI  - Employment prospects of future health educators.

PMID- 1206175
TI  - Health implications of the vegetarian diet.

PMID- 1206177
TI  - University mental health professionals and the avoidance of the family.

PMID- 1206176
TI  - Evaluation of a revised introductory college health science course.

PMID- 1206178
TI  - After they leave: the psychological readjustment of former West Point cadets.

PMID- 1206179
TI  - The health opinion survey for assessing psychiatric disorder among college
      students.

PMID- 1206180
TI  - Sertoli-cell tumor: report of a case.

PMID- 1206181
TI  - Tropical eosinophilia in an American college: a report of two cases.

PMID- 1206182
TI  - A five-year study of prevention of scuba-diving morbidity in a university
      training program.

PMID- 1206183
TI  - Bronchial sensitivity to methacholine in current and former asthmatic and
      allergic rhinitis patients and control subjects.
AB  - Ninety-eight subjects underwent methacholine (Mecholyl) aerosol challenge at a
      concentration of 5 mg/ml. All atopic groups differed significantly in their
      bronchial response to Mecholyl compared to nonatopic control subjects. Nineteen
      normal subjects had a mean decrease of 11.4% in forced expiratory volume in one
      second (FEV1) with 128 Mecholyl inhalations and 2 decreased by greater than 20%.
      Fifteen of 27 allergic rhinitis patients had a positive response to Mecholyl as
      defined by a decrease in FEV1 greater than 20%. Four of these responders
      developed greater diminution in FEV1 response with additional Mecholyl
      inhalations in a manner similar to that seen in the asthmatic patients. Eighteen
      current asthmatics showed the greatest bronchial sensitivity to Mecholyl with a
      mean 33% decrease in FEV1 at 4.5 inhalations. One hundred per cent of current
      asthmatics and 82% (28 of 34) of former asthmatics (free of asthma symptoms for 1
      to 20 yr) showed positive response to Mecholyl. A 20% decrease in FEV1 with a
      total of 20 inhalations or less is consistent with a diagnosis of "current
      asthma," and even 20 of 34 former asthmatics responded in this manner. The
      Mecholyl aerosol test can be used to diagnose previous and current asthma and may
      be of value in predicting asthma in hay fever patients.

PMID- 1206184
TI  - Stinging insect allergy: detection and clinical significance of venom IgE
      antibodies.
AB  - Venom-specific IgE antibodies in 109 sera from patients who had had immediate
      systemic allergic reactions following insect stings were measured by the
      radioallergosorbent (RAST) procedure. The majority of sera contained IgE
      antibodies to either bee, yellow jacket, or hornet venoms. Some sera had positive
      RAST reactions with 2 or 3 venoms, but others contained single venom-specific IgE
      antibodies. Of 24 patients who had large local reactions, the sera of 12
      contained venom IgE antibodies. The RAST procedure provides an accurate means of
      documenting IgE-mediated allergic sensitivity to stinging insects.

PMID- 1206185
TI  - Delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the lungs of guinea pigs due to
      potassium dichromate.
AB  - Potassium dichromate was inhaled by guinea pigs previously immunized by potassium
      dichromate until strong positive patch tests were obtained. No obvious
      respiratory changes were noted during and after inhalation. Histologically,
      however, mononuclear cells infiltrated the interstitial spaces in large areas of
      the lung, producing considerable thickening of the alveolar spaces in 24 to 48 hr
      after inhalation. Polymorphonuclear cells were predominant initially. These
      changes were similar to the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the lung
      elicited by the inhalation of purified protein derivative (PPD) in the guinea
      pigs immunized by an injection of dry-killed tubercle bacilli. A less marked
      reaction was observed in guinea pigs passively sensitized with peritoneal exudate
      cells and lymph node cells. Consequently, the pulmonary changes were thought to
      be elicited by delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction due to a simple chemical.
      The clinical implications of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the lung
      due to simple chemicals are discussed.

PMID- 1206186
TI  - Operative and nonoperative risks in the cardiac patient.
AB  - Four hundred and sixteen patients with documented arteriosclerotic heart disease
      (ASHD) underwent 424 diagnostic and therapeutic surgical procedures during the
      year 1970 at the Henry Ford Hospital. They were classified according to the
      specific clinical manifestation of their cardiac abnormality. Patients with a
      history of old, well-compensated myocardial infarction, and those with cardiac
      arrhythmia, bundle-branch block, congestive heart failure and A-V block
      (pacemaker-protected) but no evidence of previous myocardial infarction fared
      almost as well as subjects of the same age without cardiac disease, and were
      considered to run the lowest operative risk. Patients with angina, especially if
      there was a history of infarction, were an intermediate risk in terms of
      complications and mortality. Patients with a history of previous infarction
      complicated at the time of the surgical procedure by arrhythmia, A-V block,
      bundle-branch block, or congestive heart failure were in the "highest risk"
      category. A severe A-V block indicated the need for insertion of a "prophylactic"
      pacemaker before any attempt at a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure. No patient
      with clinical or electrocardiographic evidence of a recent infarction (less than
      three months' duration) should undergo any elective surgical procedure under any
      form of anesthesia unless the surgeon is prepared for a high mortality rate that
      may approach 90 percent. In contrast, the patient with old, well-compensated
      myocardial infarction and no evidence of dysrhythmia, block or congestive failure
      can tolerate even a major surgical operation under any form of anesthesia
      extremely well.

PMID- 1206187
TI  - Membranous nephropathy: an overview.
AB  - Membranous nephropathy (MN) accounts for about 20 percent of cases of the
      nephrotic syndrome. The importance of renal biopsy in establishing the diagnosis
      is emphasized. In the great majority of MN patients, no etiologic factor can be
      discerned. In a significant minority, MN appears to be a manifestation of
      sarcoidosis, diabetes, lupus, syphilis, malaria, or toxicity from heavy metals or
      drugs. In some cases the "cause" is neoplasia (including lymphoma) or a viral
      infection. Massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia and edema are the principal
      manifestations of MN, finally resulting in renal failure. Treatment consists
      chiefly of diet and diuretic drugs. In the more pronounced cases, corticosteroids
      may have a favorable effect and in very resistant cases, cyclophosphamide is
      indicated. Judicious use of these modalities if often associated with the
      diminution or disappearance of the clinical signs of MN.

PMID- 1206188
TI  - Possible organic factors in the prevention of emotional problems of the aged.

PMID- 1206189
TI  - Craniopharyngioma in the elderly patient: case report.

PMID- 1206190
TI  - Thyroid-adrenocortical relationships in the safe treatment of arthritis, allergy,
      and skin disorders with prednisone.

PMID- 1206191
TI  - Sex in geriatrics: myth or miracle?

PMID- 1206192
TI  - A treatment typology for the elderly alcohol abuser.

PMID- 1206193
TI  - What you should know about the FTC "investigation" of prescription price
      disclosure.

PMID- 1206195
TI  - Pharmacy in the United Kingom.

PMID- 1206194
TI  - Pharmacy economics and principles of uniform cost accounting.

PMID- 1206196
TI  - Pharmacy and the HMO--the British experience.

PMID- 1206197
TI  - A pharmaceutical perspective of Australia's Health Benefits Program.

PMID- 1206198
TI  - National health systems in eight countries.

PMID- 1206199
TI  - Pharmacy in Spain.

PMID- 1206200
TI  - The United States and international drug regulatory approaches.

PMID- 1206201
TI  - The European pharmacopoeia.

PMID- 1206202
TI  - Tetracycline.

PMID- 1206203
TI  - [Contraception and subsequent fertility. General review on the reversibility of
      oral contraception].
AB  - We have carried out a general review of the problem of reversing the
      contraceptive mehtods using oestrogen-pregestogen contraceptives. We have very
      carefully reviewed the onset of long cycles showing clearly that they occur more
      easily in women who have started with irregular cycles, as do post-pill
      amenorrhoea cases. Spontaneous abortions seem to occur just as often after the
      pill as in the general population and the alarm that was raised by D. Carr seems
      to us to be very exaggerated. The infants are normal, have a lower perinatal
      mortality when we take into account the patients who use this method and there
      are no more congenital abnormalities than in other patients.

PMID- 1206204
TI  - [Pseudosarcomatous leiomyomas of the uterus. Fusiform cell myomas, plexiform
      myomas and myomas with nuclear anomalies].
AB  - The authors report 14 cases of atypical myomata wich might have been mistaken for
      sarcomata were it not for the fact that they were devoid of mitotic features.
      Four of the myomata were immature types with small fusiform cells and without
      connective tissue fibres. Two of the myomata had a plexiform structure several
      cm. in diameter and appaered to correspond to tissue that was undergoing
      endothelial and periocytal regeneration round an old focus of necrosis. These
      features could only be made out precisely under the microscope. The other eight
      myomata were mature in form and associated with abnormal nuclei (large,
      hyperchromatic irregular multi-nuclear giant cell clumps) surrounding the
      periphery of centres of hypoxia, more commonly after pregnancy (3 cases) or
      treatment with progesterone (2 cases).

PMID- 1206205
TI  - [[Utero-placental hemodynamics during normal and pathological pregnancies. Its
      changes under the influence of a beta-sympathicomimetic: salbutamol].
AB  - Utero-placental circulation was studied using a gamma-camera which measures the
      appearance of a radio-active bolus of transferin tagged with Indium 113 in the
      region of the placenta and of the myometrium. The technique adopted for the
      calculations that are carried out allows a ratio between the placental blood flow
      and the myometrial blood flow to be established. The measurements that were taken
      in the last trimester of pregnancy showed that there was a significant difference
      between the ratio in normal pregnancies and in those that resulted in the
      deliveries of small-for-date babies. The foetus is small-for-date in 80 per cent
      of cases when the placental blood flow (Dp) to the myometrial blood flow (Dm),
      ratio is less than 80. It is small-for-dates in 25 per cent of cases if the Dp/Dm
      is between 0.80 and 1.60. If the Dp/Dm ratio is about 1.60 the foetus is normal
      in 93 per cent of cases. When we compared especially the variations between the
      Dp/Dm ratio during the administration of Salbutamol, we showed in the light of
      work already published that the intravenous administration of 50 mug of
      Salbutamol brought about a lowering of resistance in the placental blood vessels,
      and probably an increase in the blood flow at the maternal placental site,
      whereas, on the other hand when 500 mug of Salbutamol were injected intravenously
      the result was a deficiency in placental blood flow.

PMID- 1206206
TI  - [Chromosome abnormalities in male sterility].
AB  - A study of the caryotype in 281 cases of male secretory sterility. Chromosomal
      anomalies were found in 81 cases, i.e. 78 cases, of azoospermia, 3 cases of
      oligospermia. Barr bodies were found in 66 cases of Klinefelter syndrome or one
      of its varieties. In the remaining 15 cases, there was no Barr chromatin: 7 of
      them bore gonosomal abnormalities with or without mosaicism. In 8 cases
      reciprocal translocations were found: in 2 of them a sexual chromosome was
      involved. The high rate of chromosomal anomalies should be stressed: every male
      secretory sterility, especially with azoospermia, warrants a chromosomal study.
      In the group of translocations, FSH and LH rates are not elevated in spite of the
      existence of azoospermia, whereas they are consistently increased in all the
      other chromosomal abnormalities: this so far undescribed phenomenon has no
      present explanation. The role played by translocations in male secretory
      sterility, although difficult to understand, is well documented, since
      translocations occur ten times more frequently in male sterility than in the
      general population.

PMID- 1206207
TI  - [Disorders of genital positioning. Attempted definition and classification].
AB  - We propose to classify in one chapter the different troubles of positioning which
      the uterus can have. In its site the uterus normaly has an extrinsic positions
      situation and position. The situation can be defined on the sagittal plane of the
      pelvic curve by the level in height of the organ in relationship to the bony
      pelvis. The position of the uterus is a global localisation of the uterus in the
      antero-posterior and frontal planes. The uterus also has an intrinsic status for
      which we had to have two terms of definition, the one being attitude and the
      other "bearing". The attitude is determined by the general morphology of the
      organ and the bearing is determined by the angle that the uterus makes in
      relationship to the axis of the pelvic cavity. In this way we can define exactly
      any position the uterus may take abnormally within precise groups.

PMID- 1206208
TI  - [Pheochromocytoma and pregnancy].
AB  - The authors have taken the opportunity presented them by having a case of
      pheochromocytoma observed and diagnosed in the puerperium, of reviewing the
      various clinical and diagnostic features appropriate to this chromaffin tissue
      tumour. They also review the cardinal points in the differential diagnosis of any
      case of arterial hypertension discorvered in connection with pregnancy. A study
      of the literature shows that failure to recognise pheochromocytomata in pregnant
      women is accompanied by particularly hight maternal and fetal mortality. This
      complication of pregnancy, although rare, should be recognised by the
      obstetrician, who will be in a much better position early to combat and palliate
      the very grave threat to the mother and her baby.

PMID- 1206209
TI  - [Pain in obstetrics].
AB  - In this article the authors start by going over the anatomical and neuro
      physiological pathways of transmission of painful nerve impulses from the
      periphery to the centres. Pain is a "sensation" which is integrated in both a
      psychological and an emotional context. Psycho-physiological studies show that
      the cortex of the brain therefore plays a basic role in this integration and this
      allows us to consider the psycho-prophylaxis of delivery. Certain failures of
      psychoprophylaxis demonstrate the role of cultural factors and of factors that
      are specific to the subject of the pain of labour. The latter are dominated by
      anxiety, wich is at the same time due to the circumstances of the labour and of
      the individual patient. The latter stem from several sources: fear of death,
      separation, guilt and castration. There is one more psychological element that
      seems to be equally important and that is, morbid narcissism. The obstetrician
      should fight against the patient's anxieties which will thwart his work and
      disturb the onward progress of the labour. He will usually succeed but not always
      by the pathways that he thinks he is taking.

PMID- 1206211
TI  - [Use of diazepam during labor].
AB  - The effect of diazepam has been watched and studied by continuing monitoring of
      the heart rate of the mother, the fetus and the newborn, as well as by studying
      the acid-base balance of the mother and the fetus and the newborn after doses of
      20 mg of diazepam had been given to 40 normal labouring women. A good calming
      effect was found in 87 p. % of women and the remainder had an acceptable result.
      Both in the mother and in the fetus tachycardia resulted from injection of
      diazepam as well as a lessening in the frequency of changes in the heart rate.
      These two alterations were statistically significant (p less than 0.01) and
      appeared very soon after the administration of the diazepam. Later, no other
      effects could be found in the mother, the fetus or the newborn.

PMID- 1206210
TI  - [Threatened premature labor. Account of our recent experience].
AB  - We have been using two products, one an alpha-blocker (Vadilex) and the other a
      beta-stimulating drug (Ritodrine) to treat cases with threatened premature
      labour. Our experience is with 93 women who were treated in a continuous series.
      The overall result of our treatment show that 72 per cent of the cases were
      treated successfully and 28 failed. Analysing these preliminary figures in
      greater detail we have observed that the prognosis depends mainly on the state of
      the cervix at the time treatment is started in cases of threatened premature
      labour. The chances for success are much greater if the cervix is long and closed
      that if it is taken up or open. Since the trial was not carried out with a
      "double blind" control, we cannot really tell which of the two products we used
      was more efficacious.

PMID- 1206212
TI  - Acuariid, capillariid and hymenolepidid parasites of the dasyurid marsupial
      Antechinus stuartii Macleay, 1841, from southeastern Australia.
AB  - Stammerinema suffodiax sp. n. is described from the dasyurid marsupial Antechinus
      stuartii. It differs from S. soricis, the only other member of the genus, in
      lacking lateral body spines, as well as in the spicules and characters of the
      anterior extremity. As well as redescribing Synhimantus australiensis (Johnston
      and Mawson, 1952) now collected from the stomach of A. stuartii, a new
      capillariid, Capillaria rickardi from the stomach and two cestodes Hymenolepis
      aklei sp. n. and H. bradleyi sp. n. are described from the same host.

PMID- 1206213
TI  - Quantitative studies on Heterakis gallinarum infections in the common fowl,
      Gallus gallus L.
AB  - The fertility, mortality, and migration patterns of Hetarakis gallinarum were
      studied in chickens with concomitant Parahistomonas wenrichi infections. H.
      gallinarum females were found to produce approximately 936 ova per day, when 50
      days of age, and a total of 34,000 to 86,000 ova in a lifetime. There was no
      evidence of differential mortality between the sexes, nor of a preference for
      either the left or the right caecal organ of chickens. Both male and female worms
      are capable of migrating between caeca, and are expecially prone to do so when in
      the absence of individuals of the opposite sex.

PMID- 1206214
TI  - The effect of sublethal concentrations of the molluscicide niclosamide on the
      infectivity of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae.
AB  - Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of sublethal concentrations of
      niclosamide on the infectivity of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Exposure of
      cercariae to 0.02 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l of niclosamide, respectively, for only two
      hours increased their mortality during penetration of mammalian host skin. The
      observed increase in mortality in the skin resulted in a consequent reduction of
      adult worm recovery from the liver and mesenteric veins of animals infected with
      the treated cercariae.

PMID- 1206215
TI  - The morphology of Bothriocephalus scorpii (Muller) (Pseudophyllidea,
      Bothriocephalidae) from littoral fishes Britain.
AB  - Observations have been made on the morphology of Bothriocephalus scorpii from
      littoral fishes in Britain, with particular reference to the reproductive system
      and the ultrastructure of the tegument. Two different kinds of microtriches, and
      ciliated sense organs, have been found. The shedding of proglottides by
      pseudoapolysis is described.

PMID- 1206217
TI  - Gazellostrongylus lerouxi Yeh, 1956 from antelopes in East Africa and its
      relation to the genus Paracooperia Travassos, 1935.
AB  - A detailed redescription of Gazellostrongylus lerouxi and Paracooperia serrata
      was given from specimens collected from antelopes in Kenya. It was felt that
      there was no justification for the synonymy of the genus Gazellostrongylus with
      Paracooperia. Gazellostrongylus was placed in the tribe Ostertagiea.

PMID- 1206216
TI  - Studies on the Malayan forest rat filaria, Breinlia booliati: periodicity and
      microfilaraemic patterns during the course of infection.
AB  - Breinlia booliati exhibited nocturnal subperiodicity in its natural host, Rattus
      sabanus in contrast to experimentally infected laboratory-reared albine rats
      which showed irregular fluctuations of microfilariae throughout the 24 hour
      cycle. All the infected albino rats showed a prepatent period between 11-14 weeks
      postinoculation. Three patterns of microfilaraemia were discerned during the
      course of infection 38/49 rats displayed a single peak, 4/49 displayed 2 peaks
      about 12-15 weeks apart and 7/49 showed a sustained high plateau-like pattern of
      microfilaraemia. Cortisone had no effect on microfilarial levels when
      administered to rats near postpatency and some at postpatency.

PMID- 1206218
TI  - Nasitrema attenuata (Trematoda) infection of Tursiops truncatus and its
      potentialities as an aetiological agent of chronic pulmonary lesions.
AB  - Two cases of Nasitrema sp (Trematoda) infection of the bottlenosed dolphin,
      Tursiops truncatus, are reported and N. attenuata is briefly redescribed. The
      adults of the trematode occurring in the nasal sinuses and posterior nasal
      passage of the dolphins are considered as practically harmless for the host but
      thier eggs, aspirated deep into the bronchial tree, may initiate a foreign-body
      of inflammatory reaction in the lungs and continuous aspiration of such eggs may
      provoke a chronic pneumonia condition.

PMID- 1206219
TI  - The growth of the metacestodes of Taenia crassiceps in white mice.
AB  - The effect of the sex of the intermediate host on the growth and development of
      the metacestodes of Taenia crassiceps has been investigated. Three different
      strains of mice were used, the C R S, L A C A and C F L P strains and two strains
      of metacestode, the Toi and the E R S strains. The results show that matacestodes
      of T. crassiceps grow and multiply more rapidly in female than in male mice,
      although both sexes are equally susceptible to the infection. The origin of the
      parasite, i.e., from a rat or mouse host, affects the parasite growth.

PMID- 1206220
TI  - Xeroradiographic visualization of trichinae in polar bear muscle.

PMID- 1206221
TI  - Improvement in measuring migration areas in migration inhibition assays.
AB  - An improved method for measuring migration areas in migration inhibition assays
      is described. In this method, drawings of the projected image are analysed with
      an image analysis system. This method is faster as well as more accurate than a
      standard method.

PMID- 1206222
TI  - The use of 2-deoxy-D-glucose to assess changes in tumor target cell membranes in
      vitro.
AB  - Following short-term suspension culture, cells from the Balb/C sarcoma Meth A
      were allowed to incorporate both [14C] leucine and 2-deoxy-D-glucose-1-[3H]
      (2DG). The 2DG is trapped as a small anionic marker of the cytosol. Deviation
      from the kinetics of spontaneous efflux of the markers is interpreted as
      reflecting perturbation of the target cell membrane. In the presence of guinea
      pig complement and a rabbit antiserum to Meth A, enhanced 2DG efflux was effected
      in a titer comparable to that detected with a 51Cr-release assay. With a number
      of alloantisera and syngeneic immune sera, 2DG efflux was enhanced while 51Cr
      release was unaffected. Only in the presence of syngeneic immune sera from mice
      bearing a low tumor mass, syngeneic splenic leukocytes effect a retardation in
      the spontaneous 2DG efflux. Sera from animals with a large tumor mass were
      ineffective. Effux of proteins labeled with [14C] leucine was not altered. The
      phenomenon was not dependent on the presence of a heat-inactivatable syngeneic
      complement source. The method described provides a sensitive probe of target cell
      membrane permeability in the tumor model studied. The phenomenon detected is the
      capacity of serum, sampled relatively early in syngeneic oncogenesis, to direct
      syngeneic splenic leukocytes to interact with the target cell membrane
      differentially altering its permeability to the small cytosol marker.

PMID- 1206223
TI  - The application of radiolabelled HL-A antibodies in the detection of (soluble)
      transplantation antigens: an alternative for the microcytotoxicity test.
AB  - The use of radiolabelled anti HL-A antibody preparations is described. Absorption
      by platelets, followed by acid elution, fractionation of the eluate by column
      chromatography, radiolabelling and a second absorption--elution step with
      platelets yielded specific preparations, irrespective of original cytotoxic
      titres. The binding of these radiolabelled antibodies to lymphocytes could be
      inhibited by soluble antigens present in normal plasma or obtained from spleen
      cells by papain treatment. As a method for the detection of soluble
      transplantation antigens the use of radiolabelled antibodies appeared as
      sensitive as the microcytotoxicity test.

PMID- 1206224
TI  - An indirect radioimmunoassay for mouse casein using 125I-labeled antigen.
AB  - A new indirect radioimmunoassay was developed for detection of casein in mouse
      milk and in mammary tissue extract. Preincubation of rabbit gamma globulin to
      mouse milk casein (Ca2+-rennin precipitate) with unlabeled casein, milk, extracts
      of mammary tissues of late pregnancy and lactation, virtually blocked subsequent
      binding of 125I-labeled mouse milk casein to the antibody. Preincubation with
      mouse serum, bovine serum albumin, rennin, extracts of liver or immature mammary
      tissue had little effect on [125I]casein binding to the antibody. The inability
      of [125I]casein to bind to the antibody after preincubation with protein samples,
      which are likely to contain casein, is indicative of a specific antigen-antibody
      reaction. The assay is capable of detecting 0.2 mug casein, 1 mug milk proteins
      and 10 mug lactating mammary tissue extract. The application of the assay was
      also demonstrated using organ culture of the entire mammary gland. The glands
      treated with the lactogenic hormones, insulin + prolactin + cortisol, showed a
      saturation level of antibody-antigen reaction, indicating hormonal induction of
      casein; whereas, no reaction was observed with the non-treated gland.

PMID- 1206225
TI  - Disturbance of hapten-antibody equilibria by ammonium sulphate solutions. A
      source of error in antibody affinity determinations.
AB  - The affinity of anti-hapten antibody can be conveniently measured by
      precipitating immune complexes with ammonium sulphate. The method has, however,
      not proved very reproducible. Here is described one variable difficult to control
      in the assay: the ammonium sulphate was found to cause dissociation of ligands
      from hapten (NIP)--antibody complexes. The reason was the volume increase caused
      by addition of ammonium sulphate. The study suggested that in the calculation of
      the free hapten concentration the final volume during precipitation should be
      used. The precipitate should not be washed when hapten binding capacities are
      measured.

PMID- 1206226
TI  - Identification of immunoprecipitates in line immunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - A technique has been developed for the identification of immunoprecipitates in
      complex line-immunoelectrophoretic patterns. It is based on localized adsorption
      of individual antigens by monospecific antisera. The technique is suited for the
      following purposes as well: (1) testing the specificity and titer of
      uncharacterized antisera and (2) evaluation of binding properties of
      chromatographic media.

PMID- 1206227
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for nanogram quantities of DNA.
AB  - A direct competitive binding radioimmunoassay for DNA has been developed, using
      125I-iododeoxyuridine-labelled DNA as the antigen and the serum from a patient
      with systemic lupus erythematosus. The assay is sensitive in the range of 25 to
      1000 ng/ml of DNA. The sensitivity is determined by the affinity of the antibody:
      this SLE serum contains a component with an association constant of 9.6 X 10(-5)
      l/mol active at high dilution (1/10,000). Any biological material, such as serum,
      synovial fluid or tissue extracts can be tested directly. No interference has
      been found by DNAse in normal serum, or inhibition by mononucleotides or RNA.
      Native or denatured DNA from different sources (Escherichia coli, salmon sperm,
      calf thymus and human placenta) either purified or not, competes equally well for
      the antibody in this system.

PMID- 1206228
TI  - Liposome spin immunoassay: a new sensitive method for detecting lipid substances
      in aqueous media.
AB  - A new sensitive immunoassay procedure is described for quantitative detection of
      glycolipids and other lipids in aqueous media. As with other immunoassays
      specific antiserum is first reacted with the free lipid hapten. The amount of
      antibody activity remaining is measured by assaying the release, in the presence
      of complement, of spin label marker from liposomes containing the same lipid
      hapten. Using this method, 2.6 pmol of aqueous Forssman hapten was detected, and
      the sensitivity could be increased further.

PMID- 1206229
TI  - Proliferative characteristics of atypical cells in native oysters (Ostrea lurida)
      from Yaquina Bay, Oregon.

PMID- 1206231
TI  - Hemolymph cells of the bivalve mollusc Mercenaria mercenaria: an electron
      microscopical study.

PMID- 1206230
TI  - Screening for mycotoxins with larvae of Tenebrio molitor.

PMID- 1206232
TI  - The encapsulation process in Biomphalaria glabrata experimentally infected with
      the metastrongylid Angiostrongylus cantonensis: enzyme histochemistry.

PMID- 1206233
TI  - Induction of melanotic tumors in larvae of Drosophila affinis parasitized by the
      wasp, Pseudeucoila bochei.

PMID- 1206235
TI  - Does copper cause anemia in Biomphalaria glabrata?

PMID- 1206234
TI  - Nonoccluded viruslike particles in larvae of Culicoides cavaticus (Diptera:
      Ceratopognidae).

PMID- 1206236
TI  - Management of bronchopleural fistulas following pulmonary surgery.

PMID- 1206237
TI  - The natural history of an unreduced dislocated index finger metacarpophalangeal
      joint in a child.

PMID- 1206238
TI  - Ten years experience with the radioactive phosphorus uptake test in the diagnosis
      of uveal malignancy.

PMID- 1206240
TI  - Professional liability problems have reached Georgia.

PMID- 1206239
TI  - Cor biloculare. Report of congenital heart disease in twins.

PMID- 1206241
TI  - Unstable angina--when is it preinfarction?

PMID- 1206242
TI  - Critical issues facing teenagers: alcohol, smoking and drug abuse.

PMID- 1206243
TI  - Abdominal pain with right lower quadrant calculi.

PMID- 1206246
TI  - Editorial: The possibility of human filariasis occurring in Bangkok.

PMID- 1206244
TI  - Bone scanning.

PMID- 1206245
TI  - Hospital authorities in the State of Georgia.

PMID- 1206247
TI  - Effects of some drugs on psychosexual response in man.

PMID- 1206248
TI  - A health service programme for a lead battery industry.

PMID- 1206249
TI  - Brain abscess in cyanotic heart.

PMID- 1206250
TI  - Sarcoidosis: a case report.

PMID- 1206251
TI  - Hepatic artery ligation for liver trauma.

PMID- 1206252
TI  - Schistosomiasis from a new locality in Thailand: a case report.

PMID- 1206253
TI  - Rapid determination of serum triglycerides.

PMID- 1206254
TI  - Screening of cirrhosis in Thailand for schistosomiasis by rectal biopsy.

PMID- 1206256
TI  - von Hippel Lindau's disease (angiomatosis retinae associated with suprarenal
      phaeochromocytoma).

PMID- 1206255
TI  - Masked depression.

PMID- 1206257
TI  - Hemopericardium associated with Coxsackie B 6 viral infection.

PMID- 1206258
TI  - Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia in the adult.

PMID- 1206259
TI  - Susceptibility of common pathogenic bacteria to widely used antimicrobials.

PMID- 1206260
TI  - Injectable contraceptive, the promising alternative.

PMID- 1206261
TI  - Giant T inversion in cardiac beriberi.

PMID- 1206262
TI  - Meningioma involving nose and anterior cranial fossa.

PMID- 1206263
TI  - Proceedings: Gonadal steroidogenesis in an XO/XY mosaic.

PMID- 1206264
TI  - Proceedings: Testosterone synthesis and secretion by the rat adrenal cortex in
      vitro, and the effects of stimulation by trophic hormones.

PMID- 1206265
TI  - Proceedings: Age-related changes in serum 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and
      testosterone in normal men.

PMID- 1206267
TI  - Proceedings: The progestogen test in the investigation of amenorrhoea.

PMID- 1206268
TI  - Proceedings: The sebaceous gland response to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone
      and testosterone.

PMID- 1206266
TI  - Proceedings: 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase deficiency causing male
      pseudohermaphroditism in a child.

PMID- 1206269
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of plasma vasopressin in physiological and pathological states
      in man.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay method for the measurement of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) in
      human plasma has been developed which requires 5 ml of plasma and has a lower
      limit of detection of 1-8 pg/ml plasma. Arginine-vasopressin was found to be
      stable in whole blood for up to 1 h at room temperature and for at least 4 h at 4
      degrees C, while in plasma stored at -20 degrees C no loss was seen over 10 days.
      Dehydration and rehydration in normal subjects produced appropriate changes in
      AVP concentration but there was considerable variability in the levels attained
      by individual subjects and no obvious correlation with plasma osmolality. No
      consistent increase in plasma AVP concentration was seen on change of posture
      from the recumbent to the upright position. Vigorous exercise produced a marked
      rise in plasma AVP concentrations in most subjects which could not be attributed
      simply to an increase in plasma osmolality. In fusion studies with Pitressin in
      normal subjects showed a mean half-life of 6-4 min with an overall plasma
      clearance rate of 8-5 ml/min/kg body weight and a mean volume of distribution of
      5-33 l. In patients with a biochemical picture suggestive of inappropriate
      antidiuretic hormone secretion, markedly raised plasma AVP concentrations were
      found only in patients with bronchial carcinoma.

PMID- 1206270
TI  - Proceedings: Follicle-stimulating hormone in the Japanese quail: variation in
      plasma levels during photo-periodically induced testicular growth and maturation.

PMID- 1206271
TI  - Proceedings: Variations in the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone in the
      circulation of birds, as determined by homologous radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1206272
TI  - Distribution of testosterone and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone in rat epididymis and
      their concentrations in efferent duct fluid.
AB  - 5alpha-Dihydrotestosterone concentrations were found to be appreciably higher in
      the proximal portion of the rat epididymis than in the distal portion. Following
      ligation of the efferent ducts of a testis, the 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone
      concentration diminished in the proximal half but not in the distal half of the
      epididymis. Epididymal fluid and spermatozoa were washed out from minces of
      epididymal tissue. The numbers of spermatozoa present in the wash fluid and in
      the homogenate of washed minces of epididymal tissue were used as measures for
      the amounts of epididymal fluid present in these fractions. Of the total amount
      of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (30-2 ng/g tissue) in the proximal portion, 20-5 ng
      were localized in the epididymal fluid, whereas of the total amount of 5alpha
      dihydrotestosterone (8-6 ng/g tissue) in the distal portion, 2-8 ng were found in
      the epididymal fluid. The amounts of testosterone present in the fluids of both
      proximal and distal portions were 1-2 ng/g tissue. In contrast to the epididymal
      fluid, efferent duct fluid had a high concentration of testosterone (28-8 ng/ml)
      and a low concentration of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (1-9 ng/ml). These data
      suggest that the fluid surrounding the spermatozoa in the testis and the
      epididymis contains a high concentration of androgen and that as the fluid moves
      from the testis to the epididymis there is a clear change in the ratio of
      testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone.

PMID- 1206273
TI  - A comparison of variations in plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations in male
      and female domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus) from hatch to sexual maturity.
AB  - Changes in plasma LH concentrations were followed in chickens of both sexes from
      hatch to sexual maturity using a radioimmunoassay. Mean levels of LH were lower
      in the females than in the males at all stages of development. These levels rose
      rapidly in both sexes during the first week after hatch to maxima of 6-5 +/- 1-2
      (S.E.M.) ng/ml (n = 6) in the males and 4-6 +/- 0-6 ng/ml (n = 6) in the females.
      Thereafter levels of the hormone in the circulation stabilized in the males but
      fell over a period of 1 or 2 weeks in the females to 2-5-3 ng/ml. Plasma LH
      levels started to rise steeply in both sexes when they were between 16 and 19
      weeks old at the same time as there was an increase in the rate of comb growth.
      Afterwards in six of the males studied in detail the mean plasma LH level rose
      significantly (P less than 0-01) over a period of 5-8 weeks from 8-1 +/- 1-2 to
      13-2 +/- 1-9 ng/ml. In a parallel study on six females the rate of LH secretion
      increased for approximately 3 weeks and then decreased for about the same period
      forming a prepubertal LH peak. The first eggs were laid between 22 and 25 weeks
      of age when mean plasma LH levels had fallen to about 1-8 ng/ml. The mean plasma
      LH level in these hens when they were laying (1-8 +/- 0-3 ng/ml) was
      significantly lower (P less than 0-01) than when they were sexually immature (2-7
      +/- 0-3 ng/ml). The duration of the period of rapid comb growth in each bird was
      closely related in the males to the time during which prepubertal LH peak.
      Differences in mean plasma LH concentrations in individual birds of either sex
      before the onset of puberty appeared to be related to subsequent reproductive
      performance.

PMID- 1206274
TI  - Progesterone, prostaglandin F2alpha, and oestradiol in the utero-ovarian venous
      plasma of non-pregnant and early, unilaterally pregnant guinea-pigs.
AB  - Levels of progesterone, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and oestradiol in the
      utero-ovarian venous plasma of non-pregnant and early, unilaterally pregnant
      guinea-pigs were compared. Progesterone levels fell from day 12 to day 15 in the
      non-pregnant animals, while levels of PGF2alpha and oestradiol increased during
      this period. In contrast, in the pregnant guinea-pigs, progesterone levels
      remained high up to day 15 and PGF2alpha and oestradiol levels remained low in
      plasma from both the pregnant and non-pregnant sides. These findings support the
      hypothesis that the guinea-pig conceptus secretes an anti-luteolytic factor in
      early pregnancy, which reduces the amount of PGF2alpha produced by the uterus and
      released into the uterine veins and thereby allows luteal maintenance and
      continued progesterone secretion. Oestradiol, in the presence of progesterone, is
      regarded as the physiological stimulus for normal uterine PGF2alpha synthesis and
      release. Consequently, the inhibition of ovarian oestradiol secretion seen in
      early pregnancy is probably at least part of the mechanism by which the anti
      luteolytic factor produced by the conceptus reduces PGF2alpha synthesis by and
      release from the uterus.

PMID- 1206275
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of steroid hormones on proteins of the human endometrium.

PMID- 1206277
TI  - Proceedings: Comparison of intra-uterine metabolism of prostaglandin F2alpha in
      ovine and human pregnancy.

PMID- 1206276
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin F2alpha and E2 on the production of progesterone by
      human granulosa cells in tissue culture.
AB  - Human granulosa cells with differing steroidogenic potentials were cultured in
      vitro. The effects of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and PGE2 on the
      progesterone output and viability of these cells were investigated. Prostaglandin
      F2alpha either alone or in combination with LH and FSH inhibited the production
      of progesterone over a wide range of concentrations (1-8000 ng/ml). However, the
      inhibitory effect of PGF2alpha was 200 times less effective when the cells were
      exposed to LH and FSH for 6 days before the addition of the prostaglandin. By
      contrast PGE2, at concentrations from 1 to 500 ng/ml, markedly stimulated the
      production of progesterone by granulosa cells, and this was not prevented by the
      addition of PGF2alpha. The degree of inhibition by PGF2alpha or stimulation by
      PGE2 was related to the biosynthetic capacity of the cells. These studies suggest
      that PGF2alpha may act directly on the adenylate cyclase system of human
      granulosa cells by blocking its activation by LH, and they demonstrate that
      functional regression of the luteal cell can be induced independently of the
      blood vascular system.

PMID- 1206278
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of foetal adrenalectomy on maternal oestrogen levels at
      dexamethasone-induced parturition in sheep.

PMID- 1206279
TI  - An unusual pattern of testosterone metabolism in tissue associated with a keratin
      filled cutaneous cyst.
AB  - Testosterone metabolism was studied in tissues associated with a keratin-filled
      cutaneous cyst. Instead of the 5alpha-reduced metabolites usually associated with
      skin steroid metabolism, considerable amounts of 5beta-reduced steroids were
      found. These included 5beta-androstane-3,17-dione, 17beta-hydroxy-5beta-androstan
      3-one, and 5beta-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol. This change in metabolic pattern
      is discussed.

PMID- 1206280
TI  - Presence of sex pheromone in preputial glands of male rats.
AB  - Female rats consistently preferred the odour of male rat preputial gland compared
      with that of foot pads, submaxillary-sublingual glands, coagulating glands,
      liver, fat or muscle. Both saline homogenates and ether extracts were effective.
      Female rats did not respond to the odour of female preputial extract and they
      preferred the odour of normal male preputial extract to that from castrated rats.
      The pheromone was not associated with the fatty acids of the preputial extract.
      The fractionation of the volatile components of preputial extracts by gas
      chromatography revealed that most of the biological  activity resided in a
      specific fraction.

PMID- 1206281
TI  - Rapid interaction between luteinizing hormone and isolated rabbit follicles.
AB  - The rapidity of binding of LH to rabbit ovarian follicles was examined using
      androgen production as the endpoint. Incubations were carried out for about 8 h
      with medium being changed every 15 min except during the periods when follicles
      were exposed to LH and/or anti-LH and subsequent washing. Exposure of follicles
      to LH for 1 s followed by washing in (a) LH-free medium, (b) pure anti-LH or (c)
      diluted anti-LH, failed to inhibit androgen production which persisted for more
      than 2 h. Simultaneous addition of anti-LH and LH to the medium before incubation
      with follicles completely inhibited the response though it could be elicited from
      the same follicles when LH was added later. These data suggest that the binding
      of LH to follicular receptors is a rapid process and that either the LH-receptor
      complex is very stable or that LH initiates a series of reactions which are
      independent of the presence of hormone.

PMID- 1206282
TI  - Specific release of bovine neurophysin II during arterial or venous haemorrhage
      in the cow.
AB  - An almost specific release of neurophysin II with only minor release of
      neurophysin I was found during venous or arterial haemorrhage in five cows. Our
      data confirm the results of experiments in vitro in which vasopressin has been
      found to be associated with neurophysin II within neurosecretory granules.

PMID- 1206283
TI  - Some discrepancies between the use of DNA synthesis and wholemount preparations
      as indices of mammary gland response to pituitary mammotrophin.

PMID- 1206285
TI  - Proceedings: Milk ejection in the rat: reversible blockade of hypothalamo
      neurohypophysial and sympathetico-adrenal pathways of radio-frequency currents.

PMID- 1206286
TI  - Plasma prolactin in ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 1206284
TI  - Bread: a diet for use in the McKenzie bioassay.

PMID- 1206287
TI  - Proceedings: Visualization of retino-hypothalamic projections in the rat.

PMID- 1206288
TI  - Proceedings: Evidence for a dopaminergic component in the milk-ejection reflex of
      the rat.

PMID- 1206289
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of urethane and pentobarbitone on stimulus secretion
      coupling in the neurohypophysis.

PMID- 1206290
TI  - Proceedings: Luteinizing hormone release in the ferret upon stimulation of the
      hypothalamo-hypophysial system.

PMID- 1206291
TI  - Proceedings: How is luteinizing hormone released in response to electrochemical
      stimulation of the hypothalamus?

PMID- 1206292
TI  - Proceedings: Differential output of luteinizing hormone and prolactin in response
      to oestrogen in rats of both sexes.

PMID- 1206293
TI  - Proceedings: Enrichment of the thyrotroph cell type by unit gravity sedimentation
      of adenohypophysial cells.

PMID- 1206294
TI  - Proceedings: Immunofluorescent identification of the cells of origin of teleost
      pituitary hormones separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1206295
TI  - Proceedings: Preliminary studies on the characterization of antibodies to the rat
      neurophysins, and their use in affinity chromatography.

PMID- 1206296
TI  - Proceedings: Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone in the blood in bovine parturient
      hypocalcaemia: effects of changes in the dietary intake of calcium and
      phosphorus.

PMID- 1206297
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of guanyl nucleotides upon basal and parathyroid hormone
      stimulated chick kidney adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 1206298
TI  - Proceedings: Radioimmunoassays for plasma norethisterone and testosterone using
      antisera raised against C-11 conjugated haptens and radio-iodinated ligands.

PMID- 1206299
TI  - Proceedings: A radioimmunoassay for prolactin in the circulation of birds.

PMID- 1206300
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on the physiology of prolactin in birds and mammals using
      isotopically labelled prolactins.

PMID- 1206302
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of insulin and human chorionic somato-mammotrophin on
      prolactin biosynthesis in vitro.

PMID- 1206301
TI  - Proceedings: Prolactin concentrations in rat tissues.

PMID- 1206303
TI  - Proceedings: Studies of prolactin secretion in pituitary disease.

PMID- 1206304
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of prolactin, antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone in the
      polyuric syndrome produced by lithium treatment in male rats.

PMID- 1206305
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of prolactin and bromocriptine on the response to Moloney
      sarcoma virus in mice.

PMID- 1206306
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of bromocriptine and prolactin on thymus growth and thymus
      uptake of tritiated thymidine in mice of the Swiss and Bar Harbor 129 strains.

PMID- 1206307
TI  - Proceedings: Prolactin, frusemide and renal function in normal men.

PMID- 1206308
TI  - Proceedings: Preliminary studies on the development and application of a
      radioimmunoassay for 5alpha-androst-16-en-3alpha-ol.

PMID- 1206309
TI  - Proceedings: Renal responses of the hypophysectomized rat to infusions of bovine
      growth hormone.

PMID- 1206310
TI  - Proceedings: Vasopressin-induced changes in plasma renin activity in the
      Brattleboro rat.

PMID- 1206311
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on plasma vasopressin
      concentration.

PMID- 1206312
TI  - Proceedings: Single nephron filtration rates in the trout, Salmo gairdneri.

PMID- 1206313
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of angiotensin II on fluid transport, transmural potential
      difference and resistance in the rat distal colon in vivo.

PMID- 1206314
TI  - Proceedings: Seasonal variations in the rate of fluid absorption by rat intestine
      and its response to angiotensin.

PMID- 1206315
TI  - Proceedings: Radioimmunoassay of arginine-vasopressin in urine.

PMID- 1206317
TI  - Proceedings: Secretin radioimmunoassay in the pig.

PMID- 1206316
TI  - Proceedings: Gastrointestinal apudosis in obese, hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice.

PMID- 1206318
TI  - Proceedings: Bromocriptine therapy of acromegaly.

PMID- 1206319
TI  - Proceedings: Oestrogen-induced hypertriglyceridaemia: the role of insulin.

PMID- 1206320
TI  - Proceedings: Novel procedure for the simultaneous determination of testosterone
      and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone concentrations in unpurified plasma extracts by
      radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1206321
TI  - Proceedings: Metabolism and proliferative activity of testosterone.

PMID- 1206323
TI  - Sexual behaviour in castrated rabbits treated with testosterone, oestradiol,
      dihydrotestosterone or oestradiol in combination with dihydrotestosterone.
AB  - Sexual behaviour and the function of the accessory sexual glands were studied in
      castrated rabbits injected with testosterone benzoate (TB), oestradiol benzoate
      (OEB), dihydrotestosterone benzoate (DHTB) or OEB in combination with DHTB.
      Testosterone benzoate (1 mg daily for 90 days) stimulated the sexual behaviour
      more than any of the other steroids. The combination of OEB (0-33 mg) and DHTB (1
      mg) was no more effective than either of these steroids given alone. The function
      of the accessory sexual glands was stimulated to a level comparable to that of
      intact animals given TB. Dihydrotestosterone benzoate was, however, not very
      effective in this respect. Oestradiol benzoate alone or in combination with DHTB
      caused hypertrophy and very low secretory activity of the seminal vesicles. These
      results suggest that testosterone itself is active both in the brain and in the
      accessory sexual glands in rabbits. This is in contrast to the rat, in which
      aromatization to oestradiol in the brain and reduction to DHT in the periphery
      seems to be important.

PMID- 1206322
TI  - Enzyme activity in kidney, adrenal and gonadal tissue of rats treated neonatally
      with androgen or oestrogen.
AB  - A single injection of 300 mug oestradiol benzoate (OEB) or 1.25 mg testosterone
      propionate (TP) on day 1 of life led to significant changes in the activity of
      enzymes involved in steroid hormone metabolism in kidney, adrenal and gonadal
      tissues of adult rats. In the kidney, the enzyme activities of male rats reacted
      to OEB, but not TP, by the development of normal female levels. With one
      exception the enzyme activities of the kidney of female rats did not respond to
      either steroid. In the adrenal of both sexes 5alpha-reductase reacted to OEB, but
      not TP treatment, by a fourfold increase in activity. In the ovary all the
      enzymes investigated responded both to OEB and TP treatment by a fall in
      activity; 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity fell to undetectable
      levels. In the testis, OEB and TP treatment led to contrasting effects. With the
      exception of 5alpha-reductase all the enzymes tested in this organ responded to
      OEB by a rise in activity. Where TP had any effect, it produced a slight decrease
      in activity.

PMID- 1206324
TI  - Protein binding of plasma cortisol in the foetal lamb near term.
AB  - Binding of cortisol to plasma proteins was studied in the foetal lamb by
      equilibrium dialysis at 37 degrees C. At 122 days of pregnancy the mean level of
      transcortin expressed as cortisol-binding capacity was 28 +/- 6 (S.D.) ng
      cortisol/ml plasma. During the last 14 days of pregnancy there was a progressive
      increase in transcortin-binding capacity to 85 +/- 14 ng cortisol/ml plasma. A
      sharp increase in the concentration of both protein-bound and unbound cortisol
      was observed over the same period. A rise in the concentration of total cortisol
      from around 3 to 42 ng/ml was associated with an increase in unbound cortisol
      from 0-2 to a maximum of 2-1 ng/ml. The concentration of albumin-bound cortisol
      was approximately equal to that of unbound cortisol. The mean value for the
      transcortin-cortisol affinity constant was 1-15 x 10(8) l/mol. It is concluded
      that an increase in transcortin-binding capacity is partly responsible for the
      prepartum increase of corticosteroid levels observed in normal foetal lambs.

PMID- 1206325
TI  - Effects of injections of monoamine oxidase inhibitor or saline into the uterus in
      late pregnancy on uterine catecholamine levels related to abnormal parturition in
      rats.
AB  - Injection of a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor (nialamide) into the uterus of
      an anaesthetized and laparotomized rat on day 20 of pregnancy severely disturbed
      parturition. Injection of the solvent (0-9% isotonic NaCl solution) at the same
      stage of gestation produced the same but less frequent disturbances. When the
      rats were injected on days 19 or 21, impairment was less marked than on day 20.
      Therefore, day 20 seems to be a critical period for the onset of parturition.
      Injection of Ringer solution into the uterus on day 20 had effects analogous to
      those of saline injection at the same stage. Anaesthesia induced with ether,
      laparotomy of the pregnant rat on day 20, and handling of the uterine horns
      without injection of either Ringer or NaCl also disturbed parturition in 70% of
      the rats treated. Nevertheless, disorders were not as severe as those after
      injection. Laparotomy alone on day 20 did not disturb parturition. The effects on
      parturition of a saline injection into the uterus on day 20 were greatly
      decreased when the injection was performed on pregnant rats adrenalectomized on
      day 14, or on pregnant rats pretreated on days 18 and 19 with an agent blocking
      the adrenergic beta receptors (propranolol); 70-80% of the treated rats had
      normal deliveries. In control rats, uterine catecholamine levels were markedly
      modified between days 21 and 22 of gestation. These changes did not occur in rats
      injected with MAO inhibitor or saline.

PMID- 1206326
TI  - Effect of L-dopa on milk ejection and prolactin release in lactating rats.
AB  - The effect of L-DOPA on milk ejection and on prolactin release during 30 min of
      suckling was studied in lactating rats. Various doses of L-DOPA (1-25, 2-5, 5 and
      10 mg/100 g body wt) were injected i.p. 30 min before the suckling period.
      Control rats were injected with 0-9% NaCl solution only. An inhibition of milk
      ejection proportional to the dose of drug administered was obtained. The dose of
      10 mg completely blocked milk ejection but 1-25 mg had no effect. A normal milk
      ejection response was obtained with a small dose of oxytocin injected immediately
      before nursing into mothers treated with 10 mg L-DOPA, indicating that the
      blocking effect was not due to a lack of mammary gland response. In control
      mothers, serum prolactin levels increased from 67-2 +/- 25-9 (S.E.M.) to 950-3 +/
      118-7 ng/ml after a 30 min suckling period. L-DOPA (5 and 10 mg) prevented the
      release of prolactin induced by suckling, but 1-25 and 2-5 mg L-DOPA had no
      effect. The results indicate that oxytocin and prolactin release induced by
      suckling in lactating rats is inhibited by an increase of catecholamines at the
      hypothalamic-hypophysial axis.

PMID- 1206327
TI  - Plasma luteinizing hormone and testosterone in the adult male pig: 24 hour
      fluctuations and the effect of copulation.
AB  - Secretory patterns of LH and testosterone were characterized in the intact male
      miniature pig. All blood samples were taken from indwelling catheters. Hourly
      sampling was carried out over 24 h and during a morning period blood was
      collected for 2 h at 10 min intervals. No significant difference was detected in
      the plasma LH concentration on the basis of hourly sampling. Plasma testosterone
      was significantly (P less than 0-05) lower during the evening and night when
      compared with morning values. The second experiment was concerned with the
      pattern of plasma LH and testosterone concentrations before and after copulation.
      Blood sampling was performed at 10 min intervals. Plasma LH was significantly (P
      less than 0-001) raised for 30 min after copulation when compared with any 30 min
      period (0-120 min) before copulation. Plasma testosterone was not significantly
      altered for any 30 min period of the experiment (0-270 min). The data are
      interpreted as a possible mechanism for endocrine control of testicular function.

PMID- 1206328
TI  - Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone secretion in
      Japanese quail.
AB  - Experiments were undertaken to localize those hypothalamic areas in the male
      quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) where electrical stimulation would increase LH
      secretion. The posterior basal hypothalamus was stimulated with rectangular
      pulses (height 500 muA) through a bipolar electrode for 6 min, blood samples
      being taken for LH assay 20 min before, and 2, 10, 20 and 30 min after
      stimulation. The highest plasma concentration was observed in the 2 min sample.
      Over the next 30 min the LH level decreased to the resting concentration. The
      relative increase in LH level was greatest in sexually immature quail and least
      in photostimulated castrated birds, although the highest absolute levels were
      seen in the castrated quail. There were no statistical differences between the
      magnitude of the LH increases in sexually immature, mature and castrated quail.
      Various hypothalamic regions were then stimulated with a smaller current (200
      muA) applied for only 2 min. A highly significant rise in LH followed stimulation
      of either the tuberal hypothalamus (postero-dorsal part of the infundibular
      nuclear complex, PD-INC), or the preoptic region (POR) while stimulation 0-5-1-5
      mm away from these regions did not change LH secretion. Stimulation of the
      anterior basal hypothalamus, or of the suprachiasmatic area, caused a significant
      rise in LH concentration although this was less than that seen after stimulation
      of the POR. Stimulation in the POR or the PD-INC was ineffective if the tuberal
      hypothalamus had been deafferentated surgically some days previously. The data
      complement the studies in which destruction of the PD-INC or the POR by
      electrolytic lesions has been shown to block photoperiodically induced testicular
      growth and LH secretion.

PMID- 1206329
TI  - Suppression of the development of female hamster behaviour by implants of
      testosterone and non-aromatizable androgens administered neonatally.
AB  - Testosterone in its free form, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androsterone,
      both androgens which are not aromatizable to oestrogen, injected in oil during
      the neonatal period have been reported not to modify the development of female
      sexual behaviour. This failure might be due to the short period of activity of
      these substances when injected in liquid vehicles. In the current study, a
      Silastic pellet containing 9% of its weight of testosterone, androsterone, or DHT
      was implanted subcutaneously in 42 female and 38 neonatally castrated male
      hamsters on day 2 of life and removed on day 10. Pellets of pure Silastic were
      implanted in 36 control animals. Males were gonadectomized on day 5 and females
      on day 45. Female sexual behaviour induced by oestradiol benzoate and
      progesterone was measured in a series of 10-min mating tests with vigorous males,
      starting at 55 days of age. The duration of lordosis was consistently reduced
      below control levels in females implanted with testosterone, DHT, and
      androsterone, and in males, with testosterone and DHT. Thus the free form of
      testosterone, and some non-aromatizable androgens, when present for a
      sufficiently long period after birth, can permanently suppress development of
      female reproductive behaviour.

PMID- 1206330
TI  - Distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin in the rat supraoptic and
      paraventricular nucleus.

PMID- 1206331
TI  - The pigeon's perception of saturation.
AB  - Three experiments used similar methods to investigate the pigeon's perception of
      saturation of monochromatic lights. This trial-wise procedure consisted of brief
      presentations of positive and negative stimuli in random sequence. Pecks to the
      positive stimuli were occasionally reinforced on a low fixed-ratio schedule. The
      first study determined absolute thresholds for "white" and monochromatic lights
      by establishing a discrimination between lights of various radiances and a dark
      key. Experiment II investigated generalization from a white light to various
      monochromatic lights under conditions that minimized the use of luminance as a
      cue. The third experiment examined discrimination of various monochromatic lights
      along a colorimetric purity continuum; responses to white light were reinforced,
      while responses to lights that combined white and monochromatic lights in various
      proportions were not. The results indicated that lights of different wavelength
      differ in saturation, but that all are discriminable from white. Wavelengths
      between 550 and 600 nm are least saturated for the pigeon, and saturation
      increases markedly as wavelength decreases below this region of the spectrum.

PMID- 1206332
TI  - Transfer of hue matching in pigeons.
AB  - Pigeons were trained on a modified three-key matching-to-sample procedure, in
      which only one comparison key (rather than two) was lighted after an observing
      response to the center-key standard. Pecks on keys of matching comparison hues
      were reinforced. When non-matching hues appeared as the initially lighted
      comparisons, the nonmatching hue terminated and the matching hue appeared on the
      other side key only if the pigeon did not peck the nonmatching comparison for 4.8
      sec. Pecks to the nonmatching hue reset the 4.8-sec delay interval. Three hues
      were used during acquisition. During transfer tests, two novel hues were
      substituted individually or together for one or two of the training hues.
      Latencies to the novel side-key hue were shortest when a novel matching hue
      appeared as the standard on the center key, and were essentially identical to
      baseline matching latencies. In contrast, when a novel hue appeared as either a
      standard or comparison in a nonmatching combination, latencies increased with
      increasing separation between the noevel hue and the nonmatching hue. These
      transfer data demonstrate the concept of hue matching.

PMID- 1206333
TI  - Effects of d-amphetamine, chlorpromazine, and chlordiazepoxide on intercurrent
      behavior during spaced-responding schedules.
AB  - Effects of d-amphetamine, chlorpromazine, and chlordiazepoxide on lever pressing
      under direct control of spaced-responding schedules were compared with effects on
      intercurrent drinking and wheel running in the rat. Drug effects on lever
      pressing were systematically related to dose and were consistent for all animals;
      drug effects on intercurrent behavior were generally different for each animal.
      In the case of lever presses, increasing doses of d-amphetamine first increased
      and then decreased response rate, increasing doses of chlorpromazine produced
      graded decreases in response rate, and doses of chlordiazepoxide up to 40 mg/kg
      produced no effect on response rate. These data are discussed in context with the
      concept of schedule control, and it is suggested that the behavioral pharmacology
      of intercurrent behavior be explored as a useful procedure in the experimental
      analysis of intercurrent behavior.

PMID- 1206334
TI  - The effect of temperature on the outward currents in the soma of molluscan
      neurones in voltage-clamp conditions.
AB  - The delayed outward current in snail neurones was separated into two components
      with different temperature sensitivity: (i) a persistent component and (ii) a
      transient (inactivating) component. The effect of cooling on the value of the
      transient current is strongly dependent upon the value of the conditioning
      potential. It was supposed that cooling causes a decrease in the negative surface
      potential in the vicinity of the potassium pathways and removes their
      inactivation. Simultaneously cooling depresses the potassium conductance. The
      effect on surface potential is more distinct with conditioning potentials at
      which a significant fraction of the transient outward current is inactivated. The
      effect of cooling on the transient component of the fast outward current was
      similar to that on the transient component of the delayed outward current.

PMID- 1206335
TI  - Peripheral control of acoustic signals in the auditory system of echolocating
      bats.
AB  - Many species of echolocating bats emit intense orientation sounds. If such
      intense sounds directly stimulated their ears, detection of faint echoes would be
      impaired. Therefore, possible mechanisms for the attenuation of self-stimulation
      were studied with Myotis lucifugus. The acoustic middle-ear-muscle reflex could
      perfectly and transiently regulate the amplitude of an incoming signal only at
      its beginning. However, its shortest latency in terms of electromyograms and of
      the attenuation of the cochlear microphonic was 3-4 and 4-8 msec, respectively,
      so that these muscles failed to attenuate orientation signals by the reflex. The
      muscles, however, received a message from the vocalization system when the bat
      vocalized, and contracted synchronously with vocalization. The duration of the
      contraction-relaxation was so short that the self-stimulation was attenuated, but
      the echoes were not. The tetanus-fusion frequency of tha stapedium muscle ranged
      between 260 and 320/sec. Unlike the efferent fibres in the lateral-line and
      vestibular systems, the olivo-cochlear bundle showed no sign of attenuation of
      self-stimulation.

PMID- 1206336
TI  - Transport of amino acids by isolated gills of the mussel Mytilus californianus
      Conrad.
AB  - The unidirectional influx of cycloleucine into in vitro preparations of gill
      tissue of the mussel, Mytilus californianus, was determined. Influx was found to
      be linear for at least an hour, and the kinetics of cycloleucine influx conformed
      to Michaelis-Menten type kinetics. The transport mechanism(s) for cycloleucine is
      relatively specific for the L-enantiomorph of neutral amino acids, and is capable
      of accumulating cycloleucine to intracellular concentrations much higher than
      those of the surrounding medium. Evedence is presented that the transport of
      amino acids by gill tissue plays a significant role in whole animal nutrition.

PMID- 1206337
TI  - Factors affecting the heart activity and blood pressure of the swan mussel
      Anodonta cygnea.
AB  - 1. The rate of heart beat increased with temperature and was three times as high
      in the active as in the inactive animal. 2. The rate of shell valve movement rose
      and the rate of heart beat fell when the foot was extended. 3. The rates of heart
      beat and shell valve movement decreased when the water was saturated with carbon
      dioxide. This heart response remained when the visceral ganglion was destroyed.
      4. Ventricular contraction occurred simultaneously over the shole chamber. The
      passage of blood into the posterior aorta could be restricted by the
      protuberances on its wall. 5. Pericardial cavity pressure rose by about 5 cm H2O
      at shell valve adduction and 0-25--0-6 cm H2O at ventricular diastole. 6. Pulse
      pressure changes of 0-25--0-6 cm H2O occurred in the auricle and 1--3 cm H2O in
      the ventricle and anterior aorta.

PMID- 1206338
TI  - Role of active potassium transport by integumentary epithelium in secretion of
      larval-pupal moulting fluid during silkmoth development.
AB  - 1. The exuvial side of the pharate pupal integument is usually positive to the
      haemolymph-side, both in vivo and in vitro, during the period when the moulting
      fluid is being secreted. 2. The ratio of potassium flux toward the exuvial space
      is higher than that toward the haemolymph, under both open-circuit conditions and
      short-circuit conditions, demonstrating by the Flux Ratio test that potassium is
      actively transported across the isolated integument during this secretion period.
      3. Just prior to ecdysis, while moulting fluid is being reabsorbed, the potassium
      flux ratios become unity, suggesting that active potassium transport has ceased,
      but the short-circuit current that remains suggests that some other ion is
      actively transported at this time. 4. We argue that the potassium salt solution,
      formed in the exuvial space (as water presumably follows the actively transported
      potassium), has three functions (1) to accomplish the gel--sol transformation,
      (2) to activate the gel enzymes and (3) to buffer the enzyme solution at a pH
      favourable to the activity of the gel enzymes.

PMID- 1206339
TI  - Modes of stimulation of the teleost ear.
AB  - Microphonic potentials were recorded from the inner ears of a catfish (Ictalurus
      punctatus) and an African mouthbreeder (Tilapia macrocephala) in response to
      underwater sound stimulation and direct vibration of the head. The shape of the
      vibratory isopotential functions of frequency was similar in both species up to
      600 HZ. Above 600 HZ, the sensitivity of Ictalurus continued to increase to 4000
      HZ while the sensitivity of Tilapia declined. Deflation of the swim bladder did
      not affect the response to vibration in either species, the response of Tilapia
      to the underwater sound stimulus being minimal and unaffected by removal of the
      swim bladder. Ictalurus was pressure-sensitive to above 4000 HZ, ther being a
      significant dedline in the response with deflation of the swimbladder.

PMID- 1206340
TI  - An in vitro bioassay for a mulluscan gonadotropin.
AB  - 1. Protein synthesis occurs at a high rate in the ovaries of maturing Octopus
      vulgaris and can be measured from the incorporation of [14C]leucine in vivo and
      in isolated groups of eggs in vitro. 2. Removal of the optic glands in vivo 1--3
      days prior to testing markedly reduces amino acid incorporation in vivo or in
      vitro. After 5 days in vivo incorporation stops. 3. The rate of incorporation in
      vitro is increased by the addition of optic gland extract. 4. Analysis of the
      kinetics of leucine uptake and incorporation in vitro indicates that the hormone
      has an effect on the inward transport of leucine which is independent of its
      action on protein synthesis. 5. Electron-microscope studies of the follicle cells
      and ova show that the former are the site of protein synthesis. 6. Changes in
      either uptake or incorporation into protein by the follicle cells can be used as
      a qualitative biolobical assay for the optic gland hormone. Uptake is very easy
      to measure but incorporation is the more sensitive parameter. Either is
      potentially suitable as a quantitative assay for this and perhaps also for other
      molluscan gonadotropins.

PMID- 1206341
TI  - Activity and habituation in the brain of the polyclad flatworm Freemania
      litoricola.
AB  - 1. A variety of spontaneously active units was measured in the brain of the
      polyclad flatworm Freemania litoricola. Following application of MgCl2 there was
      both a decrease in number of active units and a decrease in frequency of firing
      of those cells which persisted in their activity. 2. Receptors which respond to
      vibration stimuli evoke potentials in the posterior part of the brain. Repetitive
      stimulation leads to habituation, the extent of which is dependent on both the
      number of times stimulated and the strength of the stimulus. Weaker stimuli
      habituate more rapidly than strong stimuli. Habituated responses can be
      dishabituated by tactile stimuli and also by stronger intensity stimuli of the
      same modality. The vibration-evoked potentials appear to occur in at least second
      order cells, since vibration responses are abolished by the application of MgCl2.
      3. Tactile responses can also be elicited from the posterior portion of the brain
      when the stimulus is applied to the periphery of the animal. These responses are
      insensitive to MgCl2. 4. Both vibration and tactile evoked responses are able to
      evoke further barrages of spike activity. 5. The presence of a dual sensitizing
      and inhibitory system during habituation is discussed.

PMID- 1206342
TI  - Electrophysiology of the peripheral nerve net in the polyclad flatworm Freemania
      litoricola.
AB  - 1. A diffuse-conducting system close to the dorsal epithelium of the polyclad
      flatworm Freemania litoricola is described. Tactile stimuli elicit small action
      potentials which can be conducted around lesions through the body wall. The
      potentials can occur in bursts or barrages. 2. This conducting system appears to
      be insensitive to Mg2+ ions. 3. Conduction velocities (0-26--71 m/sec) vary over
      the animal. Conduction spread in the anterior half of the animal appears to be
      greater than that in the posterior portion. 4. Response decrement to repeated
      stimulation can be recorded in the peripheral system but it is not clear if this
      is due to habituation or fatigue. 5. Conduction from the peripheral net to the
      brain occurs. Some central units appear to pick up information only, or mainly,
      through the anterior nerves, while other units can respond to information
      conducted through the network to nerves of the contralateral side. 6. Different
      possibilities to account for this system are discussed, and it is suggested that
      the animals either possess a unique Mg2+ insensitive synaptic nerve-net or else
      the network is electrically coupled.

PMID- 1206343
TI  - The cardioregulatory system of crayfish: neuroanatomy and physiology.
AB  - 1. The anatomical arrangement of the cardioregulatory nerves and their
      physiological activity during cardiac modulation were analysed in Procambarus
      clarkii. 2. The bilaterally arranged pairs of cardioinhibitors and
      cardioaccelerator axons, in nerves SN II and SN III respectively, were
      physiologically identified by correlating spikes in SN II and SN III with the
      same spikes in the dorsal nerve, which innervates the heart. 3. The
      cardioinhibitor neurone fired tonically in varied sporadic bursts. During periods
      of cardiac inhibition, however, this neurone discharged in a long chain of spikes
      at a characteristic frequency of 40-50Hz. 4. The cardioaccelerator neurone fired
      tonically at 2-3 Hz but on occasion its activity reached 12 Hz. 5. Three
      inhibitory cardiac reflexes were analysed. The sensory modalities for the
      reflexes included (a) stretch of the dorsal pericardial wall, (b) chemical
      stimulation of coxal hair sensilla with glucose and (c) tactile stimulation of
      hair sensilla in and below the gill chamber, on the antennae, the antennules and
      on the anterior cephalothorax. 6. The discharge of both cardioinhibitor neurones
      showed a weak temporal correlation suggesting a common presynaptic drive, while
      the pair of cardioaccelerators appeared to have a reciprocal relationship with
      the cardioinhibitors.

PMID- 1206344
TI  - The cardioregulatory system of crayfish: The role of circumoesophageal
      interneurones.
AB  - 1. Interneurones located in the circumoesophageal commissures were found to
      control the activity of the cardioinhibitor and cardioaccelerator regularity
      neurones. 2. These interneurones (cardiac command fibres) fell into three
      classes: (1) strong inhibitors, which caused cardiac arrest, (2) weak inhibitors,
      which caused bradycardia, and (3) accelerators, which caused tachycardia. 3. When
      the positions of interneurones were plotted collectively, they formed distinct
      clusters, suggesting that each cluster was represented by one command unit in an
      individual preparation. Twenty strong inhibitor units and 16 accelerator units
      were found. Weak inhibitors did not form clusters. 4. Stimulus threshold
      characteristics were as low as 3.0 V and 3 Hz for the strong inhibitor units
      (mean range 4.7-7.1 V and 14-30 Hz). Higher values were found for weak inhibitors
      and accelerators. 5. The strong inhibitor command drives always showed a positive
      bias toward the contralateral cardioinhibitor neurone, relative to the
      ipsilateral cardioinhibitor. 6. Plots of command neurone stimulating frequency
      versus evoked cardio-inhibitor activity displayed steep positive slopes for
      strong inhibitor command units and shallow positive slopes for weak inhibitor
      units. 7. Reciprocity between the cardioinhibitor and cardioaccelerator neurones
      occurred during both inhibitory and acceleratory command drives. This is not
      likely to be a property inherent in the command units themselves because
      reciprocity was earlier observed during chemical and tactile reflex inhibition of
      the heart. (Field & Larimer, 1974a).

PMID- 1206345
TI  - Nervous control of respiration: oxygen-sensitive elements in the prosoma of
      Limulus polyphemus.
AB  - 1. Responses of oxygen-sensitive units in the prosomal haemal nerve of Limulus
      polyphemus were examined while varying the oxygen content of sea water bathing
      the intercoxal cuticle. 2. When exposed to high oxygen levels these units units
      maintained a continuous background discharge of spikes. Unit activity was
      inhibited when oxygen content decreased. Upon reintroduction of oxygen tonic
      spike discharge resumed. 3. Mechanosensitive units with receptive fields on the
      prosomal shield or intercoxal cuticle were also present in the haemal nerve.
      Neither the mechanosensitivity nor the background discharge of these units was
      affected by changes in oxygen content. 4. It is proposed that the oxygen
      sensitive respiratory reflexes of Limulus are an adaption to existence in the
      tertidal zone. Published observations of the respiratory stress responses of many
      intertidal animals support this hypothesis.

PMID- 1206346
TI  - Behavioural and electrophysiological studies of taste discrimination by the
      maxillary palps of larvae of Locusta migratoria (L.).
AB  - 1. Behavioural studies show that larvae of Locusta migratoria (L.) can
      discriminate between certain simple chemicals and between chemicals obtained from
      plant sources. 2. Electrophysiological tests show that within each sensillum the
      same neurones respond to different chemicals. 3. The frequency of occurrence of
      sensilla with enhanced specificity to certain chemicals is investigated. 4.
      Statistical tests confirm that, despite the variability of response, across-fibre
      analysis could allow discrimination between chemicals provided an adequate number
      of senilla are used. 5. The conclusions are discussed in relation to current
      theories of chemoreceptor functioning.

PMID- 1206347
TI  - Optic gland implants and their effects on the gonads of Octopus.
AB  - 1. Optic glands transplanted from one Octopus vulgaris into another cause
      enlargement of the gonads and ducts of the recipient. 2. Enlargement occurs
      whether or not the gland was secreting when implanted and regardless of the sex
      of the donor or recipient. 3. Glands derived from Eledone moschata or Octopus
      macropus implanted into O. vulgaris are as effective as glands derived from O.
      vulgaris. 4. Implants derived from Sepia officinalis or Loligo vulgaris appear to
      be ineffective.

PMID- 1206348
TI  - Corpus allatum activity in vitro during ovarian maturation in the desert locust,
      Schistocerca gregaria.
AB  - 1. Radiochemical in vitro assays show that there are large and rapid changes in
      the spontaneous rate of juvenile hormone synthesis and release during the course
      of sexual maturation in the locust. 2. Parallel observations on glands incubated
      with farnesenic acid show that the rate-limiting step is always prior to the
      stage of esterification of farnesenic acid to the final intermediate, methyl
      farnesoate. 3. Corresponding changes in oocyte morphometrics do not reveal any
      clear correlation between endocrine activity of the corpus allatum and either the
      induction or maintenance of rapid vitellogenesis. 4. Peaks of synthetic activity
      in the corpus allatum correspond well with the onset of previtellogenic growth in
      the oocytes. 5. The data do not provide any evidence that 'corpus allatum
      insufficiency' is responsible for resorption of growing oocytes. 6. It is
      concluded that short-term in vitro radio-assays provide a valid method for
      estimating quantitatively the physiological activity of the corpus allatum.

PMID- 1206349
TI  - Effects of viscosity and ATP concentration on the movement of reactivated sea
      urchin sperm flagella.
AB  - Spermatozoa from the sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus, can be demembranated with
      solutions containing Triton X-100 and 5mM-CaCl2 and reactivated in ATP solutions
      containing low concentrations (10(-9)M) Of free Ca2+ ion to give symmetrical
      bending wave movements, even at very low ATP concentrations. At ATP
      concentrations of 0.01-0.02 mM the reactivated spermatozoa have beat frequencies
      near 1 Hz, nearly normal bend angles, and wave-lengths about 50% longer than
      normal. 2. The effects of increased viscosity, obtained by addition of methyl
      cellulose to the reactivation solutions, on bend angle and beat frequency
      decrease with decreasing ATP concentration, and become almost undetectable at
      0.01 mM ATP. On the other hand, the effect of increased viscosity on wavelength
      shows relatively little change with ATP concentration, although it is noticeably
      reduced at 0.01 mM ATP. 3. These observations suggest that the beat frequency at
      low ATP concentrations is determined by an intrinsic rate-limiting process, in
      contrast to the viscocity-limited behaviour at high beat frequencies.
      Quantitative agreement with the experimental results is obtained with a model in
      which ATP concentration and viscosity each determine the rates of one step in a
      two-step reaction cycle which determines the beat frequency. 4. Two other models
      which can qualitatively explain the effects of ATP concentration and viscosity on
      flagellar beat frequency fail to show quantitative agreement with the
      experimental results. In one of these models, ATP concentration determines the
      maximum rate of shear between filaments. In the other, ATP concentration
      determines a time delay which is required to bring the active moment into phase
      with the elastic moments which would be expected to dominate the bending
      resistance at low beat frequencies.

PMID- 1206350
TI  - Sodium activity of insect blood: physiological significance and relevance to the
      design of physiological saline.
AB  - The apparent activity coefficients for sodium (gamma'Na) in the blood of six
      insect species have been calculated from measurements made with sodium-selective
      electrodes and a flame photometer. In every case gamma Na was significantly lower
      than that for this cation in free solution (gammaNa). In Periplaneta americana
      gammaNa varied considerably, during a period of 90 days, so that a relatively
      constant sodium activity (aNa) was maintained in the blood in the face of large
      variations in the total sodium content measured by flame photometry. Despite the
      relative constancy of aNa (of around 0.088M) appreciable fluctuations were
      observed in the sodium and potassium content of nervous connective over a period
      of 140 days. The values of aNa and aK were used to devise a satisfactory
      cockroach saline for use in experiments with isolated nerve cords.

PMID- 1206351
TI  - Potassium-induced motion increase in a central nervous ganglion.
AB  - 1. By means of light-beating spectroscopy, a four-fold increase in the modulation
      of laser light scattered at right angles by a locust (Schistocerca gregaria,
      Forskal) ganglion is detected when potassium ions replace sodium ions in the
      Ringer solution. 2. This is interpreted as an increased level of motion of the
      scattering particles (size 0.3-3.0 mum, if viscosity is taken to be 0.01 poises).
      3. The amplitude of the potassium-response is similar at all frequencies in the
      range 6.3-150 Hz and is reversible on return to normal (Na+) Ringer. 4.
      Desheathing the ganglion reduces the half-time of the potassium-response by 3-4
      times. 5. By means of photon-correlation spectroscopy it was estimated that less
      than 10% of the tissue contributes to the motion detected. 6. Cyanide (1-2 mM)
      typically enhances the potassium-response and renders it irreversible, suggesting
      that the response is thermally rather than metabolically-driven. In addition, the
      dependence of both the correlation function and the power spectrum on the
      scattering angle is in the direction predicted for a diffusive process. 7.
      Cobaltous ions (2-10 mM), which block calcium entry into nerve cells, depress the
      potassium-response. 8. It is proposed that potassium-depolarization and the
      resultant calcium entry into the cells causes a partial liquefaction of the
      cytoplasms which is detected as an increase in the level of Brownian motion. This
      mechanism could be used in vesicular release or in growth.

PMID- 1206353
TI  - Problems associated with the use of tetraethylammonium to test for monosynaptic
      connexions.
AB  - Several investigators of the molluscan nervous system have used TEA, injected
      into presynptic neurones, to determine whether the connexions made by these
      neurones are monosynaptic. The increase in spike duration produced by the TEA
      causes an increase in transmitter release, and hence an increase in the amplitude
      of the postsynaptic potential if the connexion is direct. If the connexion is
      indirect, the spike in an intercalated neurone will not be affected by the TEA,
      and the postsynaptic response will remain constant. Experiments described here
      show that TEA can cross electrotonic junctions in the gastropod mollusc Planorbis
      corneus. They also show that each TEA-prolonged presynaptic impulse may produce
      more than one postsynaptic impulse. A larger postsynaptic potential could
      therefore be produced by presynaptic injection of TEA in the case of an indirect
      connexion. This indicates that care must be taken when interpreting the results
      of experiments using TEA to test for monosynaptic connexions.

PMID- 1206352
TI  - Habituation and inhibition of the crayfish lateral giant fibre escape response.
AB  - 1. Decrement of the lateral giant fibre escape response was studied in intact,
      restrained, crayfish and in those with the ventral nerve cord transected at the
      thoracic-abdominal level. 2. Taps (delivered at rates of 1 per 5 min to the
      abdomen) depressed responsiveness to about 50% of its inital value in 10 trials,
      for both intact and operated animals. 3. With additional stimulation,
      responsiveness dropped to near zero for both groups. Recovery was negligible 2 h
      later, but nearly complete after an additional 24 h rest. 4. Protection against
      response decrement in this situation was obtained by directly activating the cord
      giant fibres 30 msec prior to the tactile stimulus. The directly-elicited giant
      fibre spikes which follow the tactile stimulus do not influence the course of
      response decrement. 5. The results establish the decrement as centrally mediated
      habituation, and minimize the role of receptor alterations or descending neuronal
      influences in the behavioural change. 6. A comparison is made between the
      properties of hibituation and the homosynaptic depression of afferent to
      interneurone synapses that is presumed to be the physiological mechanism of
      habituation in this situation.

PMID- 1206354
TI  - Individual differences in the severely retarded child in acquisition, stimulus
      generalization, and extinction in go-no-go discrimination learning.

PMID- 1206355
TI  - The development of sensitivity to visual structure.

PMID- 1206356
TI  - Memory for orientation of forms as a function of their meaningfulness and
      complexity.

PMID- 1206357
TI  - A developmental study of choice reaction time: the effect of two forms of
      stimulus degradation on encoding.

PMID- 1206358
TI  - Developmental color perception.

PMID- 1206359
TI  - Oral overcorrection: side effects and extended applications.

PMID- 1206361
TI  - Evaluation of suicide risk in adolescents.
AB  - Self-destructive behavior in the adolescent is a continuum that ranges from drug
      intoxications to gestures of low lethality to suicide attempts with high
      lethality of intent. Such behavior should be treated as a signal of long-term
      stress and strife. A "Psychological biopsy" is outlined for evaluation of the
      severity and type of perturbation. This focuses on 9 areas of inquiry: the
      circumstantial lethality of the event; prior self-destructive behavior;
      depression; hostility; stress; reaction of the parent or parent surrogate; loss
      of communication; lack of resources; and extremes of parental expectations and
      control. Adolescents under severe familial and socioeconomic stress, and with a
      history of acting-out behavior, often respond well to transfer to a more
      favorable home situation. In cases where there is no apparent familial
      perturbation, the physician should be alert to the possibility of severe
      psychiatric disorder. In either case, initial definition of the problem opens the
      way to a plan for management and support.

PMID- 1206360
TI  - Pitfalls in emergency care.
AB  - The provision of effective emergency care for patients with life-threatening
      problems requires a disciplined and systematic approach to comprehensive
      evaluation and management. It is unfortunately not unusual for serious problems
      to go unrecognized, for diagnosis to be delayed or for inappropriate treatment to
      be instituted because one or another basic principle of care is overlooked. This
      paper presents illustrative cases which stress the importance of 13 common
      principles for good emergency care: careful history, adequate airway, complete
      physical examination, evacuation of the stomach, adequate laboratory studies,
      appropriate follow-up of laboratory results, adequate x-ray examinations,
      complete patient instructions, avoidance of premature conclusions, adequate
      preparation for transportation, appropriate timing of discharge, careful
      establishment of priorities, and adequate records.

PMID- 1206362
TI  - Family conference in the case of the cancer patient.
AB  - The patient with cancer faces a crisis involving many basic questions and major
      life adjustments. The natural history of the illness may involve progressive loss
      in the patient's functional capacity, and the patient needs medical, psychologic,
      and social support. The family of the patient with cancer can provide much help
      if their potential resources are fully utilized. Conferences involving the
      patient, family members, and health care professionals allow for open
      communication, problem-solving, and support for the patient and family through
      this difficult time. A case is reported illustrating the value of periodic family
      conferences in the care of a patient with metastatic disease.

PMID- 1206363
TI  - Practice objectives and goals; a survey of family practice residents.
AB  - This study shows that the majority of family practice residents initially become
      aware of individual community needs for family physicians in either medical
      school or early in residency training, but the final decision in regard to the
      selection of a specific community for private practice is not generally made
      until late in the third year of residency training. When the final decision as to
      practice location is established, the family practice resident and his family
      have regarded at least six different factors as significant. Most family practice
      residents will enter private practice as members of a group practice, rather than
      as solo practitioners. There is a direct relationship between the population of
      the family practice resident's home community and the size of the communities
      being considered for private practice. The most influential recruiting technique
      is personal contact by the physicians and citizens of the community, whereas the
      least effective method of recruiting is through printed material distributed
      through mail service.

PMID- 1206364
TI  - Evaluating family practice residents with a problem category index.
AB  - Using a standard ambulatory coding system as a base, an index of 42 problem
      clusters encountered in family practice was developed by two Pennsylvania family
      practice residency programs. Comparisons of frequencies with which these index
      problems were encountered by physicians in the Family Practice Centers were used
      to identify the practice patterns of family practice residents and faculty.
      Analyses of these displays, while largely subjective, produced some interesting
      general and specific results. The initial study indicates that many problems
      known to be common in family practice are not identified as such by the
      physician. When this type of information can be simplified, it is welcomed and
      found useful by residents and faculty in family practice training programs. A
      simplified index can be developed and used by any physician without any special
      equipment.

PMID- 1206365
TI  - Continuity of care in family practice. Part 1: dimensions of continuity.
AB  - This is the first in a series of four articles exploring the issue of continuity
      of care in family practice. There are four dimensions of continuity of care in
      family practice: chronological, geographical, interdisciplinary, and
      interpersonal. Each of these dimensions can be measured by specific actions and
      can, therefore, be evaluated and learned. Subsequent articles will deal with
      implications of continuity of care in family practice, its measurement and
      evaluation, and problems with its integration into family practice residency
      training.

PMID- 1206366
TI  - Continuity of care in family practice. Part 2: implications of continuity.
AB  - Continuity of care in family practice cannot be adequately described merely in
      terms of duration. It is not delineated by the nature of a patient's illness, but
      involves the family physician's ongoing commitment to the patient and his family
      as persons. An implicit contract exists between the family physician and the
      patient. This kind of continuity of care provides several important elements
      related to patient care, such as the feasibility of long-term observations
      allowing effective diagnosis with less need for extensive one-time workups, the
      potential for psychotherapy and counseling through a continuing personal
      relationship, and the opportunity to perceive illness in the context of the whole
      person and his environment. Continuity of responsibility by the family physician
      is achievable despite mobility of some patients and is more a matter of the
      physician's attitude and style of practice than duration of the doctor-patient
      relationship.

PMID- 1206368
TI  - Evaluation and management of corneal foreign bodies.
AB  - Insults from corneal foreigh bodies range from trivial windblown debris through
      destructive chemicals, penetrating wounds, and severe secondary infection.
      History and preliminary examination should begin concurrently, particularly in
      the case of chemically active compounds. Needed auxiliaries are topical
      anesthetics, oblique light, magnification, sterile sodium fluorescein for
      diagnostic staining of surface breaks, removal instruments, and topical
      antibiotics to reduce the potential of secondary infection. A steadied, seated
      position for the physician, resting posture with hands supported on the face, and
      an oblique approach tend to reduce the likelihood of unwanted perforations or
      scars. An irrigating stream of sterile saline delivered through a 25 gauge short
      needle on a 5 cc syringe will dislodge most recent foreign bodies. The sterile
      needle is also available as a spud. Corneal thickness varies from slightly above
      1 mm in the periphery to less than 0.5 mm centrally. Therefore, it is essential
      to have clear visualization of the foreign body in relation to corneal depth.
      Dislodgment into the anterior chamber or incidental perforation of the cornea
      generally require hospitalization, intensive antibiotics, and steroid therapy.

PMID- 1206367
TI  - The enuretic child.
AB  - The evaluation and management of enuresis has long been a common and challenging
      problem in everyday practice. Enuresis is a symptom believed to result from a
      variety of etiological factors, including genitourinary disease, neurological
      disturbances, delayed development, allergic reactions, deep sleep, and
      psychological factors. Although enuresis is frequently a self-limiting condition,
      every child presenting with this problem deserves a careful work-up and
      consideration of therapy based on the probable underlying cause. There are five
      major approaches to therapy of enuresis: psychological, psycho-physiological,
      medication (particularly imipramine HC1), conditioning therapy, and dietary
      restrictions. Effective therapy will often involve more than one approach and
      should be tailored on an individual basis to meet each child's particular needs.

PMID- 1206369
TI  - Alcoholism and diabetes.

PMID- 1206370
TI  - Family practice forum. In defense of the emergency room.

PMID- 1206371
TI  - Training of family practitioners: how and for what?

PMID- 1206372
TI  - Protein reagent modification of cholera toxin: characterization of effects on
      antigenic, receptor-binding and toxic properties.
AB  - The effects of protein modification procedures on the biologically most important
      properties of cholera toxin, i.e. the toxic activity, the GM1 receptor-binding
      capacity and the antigenic (antibody-fixing) properties, have been studied
      quantitatively using microgram amounts or less of toxin protein. Most of the 24
      group-specific reagents used had either no inhibitory effect on the toxic or the
      combination of GM1-binding and antibody-fixing properties of cholera toxin, or
      they had a concomitant inhibitory effect on these activities. Separate testing of
      GM1- and antibody-binding revealed a close, but not absolute, structural
      association between these properties, Amino group reactive substances were
      particularly effective in decreasing the GM1-binding activity, while leucine
      aminopeptidase had no effect. This suggests that lysine residues may be involved
      in binding toxin to the acidic GM1 receptor. Sodium dodecylsulphate and
      mercaptoethanol, which caused dissociation of the subunits of cholera toxin as
      indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, abolished toxicity without
      inhibiting the concomitant GM1- and antibody-binding properties of the toxin.
      Similar differential effects were also obtained with three reagents which did not
      seem to change the aggregation state of the toxin. These substances all had
      specificity for arginine, suggesting that arginyl residues of the toxin molecule
      may be involved in a 'toxic site' distinct from the receptor-binding site(s). A
      selective effect on the toxic site was also found by treating the toxin with
      carboxypeptidase or trypsin in the presence of urea; in the absence of urea no
      enzymic effect on any toxin property was noted.

PMID- 1206373
TI  - Control of isocitrate lyase in Nocardia salmonicolor (NCIB9701).
AB  - Nocardia salmonicolor, grown on acetate, commercial D,L-lactate or hydrocarbon
      substrates, has high isocitrate lyase activities compared with those resulting
      from growth on other carbon sources. This presumably reflects the anaplerotic
      role of the glyoxylate cycle during growth on the former substrates. Amongst a
      variety of compounds tested, including glucose, pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid
      cycle intermediates, only succinate and fumarate prevented an increase in enzyme
      activity in the presence of acetate. When acetate (equimolar to the initial sugar
      concentration) was added to cultures growing on glucose, there followed de novo
      synthesis of isocitrated lyase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, with increases in
      growth rate and glucose utilization, and both acetate and glucose were
      metabolized simultaneously. A minute amount of acetate (40 muM) caused isocitrate
      lyase synthesis (a three-fold increase in activity within 3 min of addition) when
      added to glucose-limited continuous cultures, but even large amounts added to
      nitrogen-limited batch cultures were ineffective. Malonate, at a concentration
      that was not totally growth-inhibitory (1mM) prevented the inhibition of acetate
      stimulated isocitrate lyase synthesis by succinate, but fumarate still inhibited
      in the presence of malonate. Phosphoenolpyruvate is a non-competitive inhibitor
      of the enzyme (apparent Ki 1-7 mM). The results are consistent with the induction
      of isocitrate or a closely related metabolite, and catabolite repression by a C-4
      acid of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, possibly fumarate.

PMID- 1206375
TI  - Stability of protein and ribonucleic acid in Bacillus stearothermophilus.
AB  - The turnover of protein in a prototrophic strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus
      during exponential growth in a salts medium with glucose or succinate as carbon
      source was about 4 %/h and in a richer nutrient broth medium about 23 %/h.
      Protein degradation under non-growing conditions conformed to a similar pattern.
      The turnover of RNA (non-messenger) was about 1 %/h in salts medium and about 9
      %/h in nutrient broth. The turnover of protein and RNA in the thermophile is thus
      moderate rather than massive. This conclusion was confirmed by measurement of the
      decay of a specific enzyme, isocitrate lyase, in the prototroph and of the
      overall protein turnover in a non-prototrophic strain of B. stearothermophilus.
      The half-lives of a number of enzyme systems in intact cells of the prototrophic
      thermophile at its optimum growth temperature showed some variation but indicated
      a significant rate of inactivation. Such decay of protein in vivo apparently
      accounts for the moderate protein turnover observed during growth.

PMID- 1206374
TI  - Regulation of growth of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB8250 on L-mandelate in
      batch culture.
AB  - Batch culture of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in L-mandelate- or phenylglyoxylate
      salts medium showed an unusual non-exponential pattern unless the inoculum had
      been grown on benzyl alcohol. There were transient accumulations of benzaldehyde
      and benzyl alcohol caused by the limitation of L-mandelate oxidation by low
      activities of benzaldehyde dehydrogenase and the diversion of reducing power to
      the formation of benzyl alcohol. In vivo enzymic activities were estimated from
      patterns of substrate utilization in batch cultures containing pairs of
      substrates. When bacteria previously grown in L-mandelate-salts medium were
      inoculated into media containing L-mandelate and a second carbon source,
      metabolism of L-mandelate was arithmetical in the presence of benzoate, catechol
      or succinate, but accelerated on exhaustion of the second substrate. This
      indicated  repression of the enzymes involved in L-mandelate oxidation.
      Inoculation of bacteria grown in benzoate-salts medium into medium containing L
      mandelate and benzoate gave diauxie with initial utilization of benzoate. Similar
      experiments showed that benzoate oxidation was not repressed by catechol and only
      partially repressed by succinate. Measurement of L-mandelate dehydrogenase,
      phenylglyoxylate carboxy-lyase and benzaldehyde dehydrogenase I in bacterial
      extracts showed no evidence for feedback inhibition by intermediates of the
      pathway. The rates of L-mandelate and benzoate utilization by bacterial
      suspensions were inhibited by succinate and catechol but not by other
      intermediates of the pathway.

PMID- 1206376
TI  - Growth inhibition of Vibrio cholerae by d-camphor.

PMID- 1206378
TI  - An association between fimbriae and pores in the wall of Fusiformis nodosus.

PMID- 1206377
TI  - Synthesis of aflatoxins by the non-growing mycelia of Aspergillus parasiticus and
      the effect of inhibitors.

PMID- 1206379
TI  - Induction of tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in the absence of
      lipid synthesis.

PMID- 1206380
TI  - An image analysis study of adenovirus type 5-induced crystalline inclusions.
AB  - A combined electron microscopic and optical diffractometric study of Ad5-induced
      non-virion protein crystals found in the nuclei of infected KB cells at late
      times (48 to 72 h p.i.) after infection has been carried out. Data obtained have
      indicated that the unit cell of the crystal is rectangular and not hexagonal as
      previously presumed.

PMID- 1206381
TI  - [Hereditary recurrent epistaxis].
AB  - The author has carried out a clinical and genetic investigation of a large family
      who lives in the south of the Algerian Sahara and comprises 213 individuals
      belonging to 8 generations. Among the examined members of this family, 105
      (49.2%) showed repeated nose bleeding. However, no anomalies of the blood or the
      coagulation could be found in these patients. From the physical point of view
      they were all normally developed and vigorous. The distribution of the patients
      according to age showed no pedilection for any age group (affected individuals
      between 7 months and 85 years). The condition affected both sexes with a slight
      predominance in favour of females (53.4% of women against 46.6% of men). The
      inheritance is autosomal dominant wigh sometimes skipping of one or several
      generations. In one sibship all 13 members were affected owing to the fact that
      the father was an affected homozygote, offspring of a marriage between two
      affected cousins. The author proposes for this new noslological and genetic
      entity the term hereditary recurrent epistaxis. This capillaropathy has to be
      distinguished in particular from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia of Rendu
      Osler.

PMID- 1206382
TI  - [Surgical correction of facial asymmetry].
AB  - It is not possible to group the facial asymmetries in one single nosological
      entity. However, whatever the origin of these malformations, their surgical
      treatment is governed by the same principles. In this article, the author
      attempts to define certain aetiologies:genetic, congenital and developmental, of
      the minor assymmetries of the face. He then reviews the different techniques in
      current use, in plastic and reconstructive surgery:autogenic or homogenic tissue
      grafts (bone, cartilage, derm, fascia, etc.), implants of plastic material,
      osteotomies. He stresses the use of simple techniques which cause little
      mutilation, as well as the simultaneous correction of the profile which greatly
      enhances the aesthetic appearance and the psychological well-being of these
      patients.

PMID- 1206383
TI  - XO/XY mosaicism in a 2 year phenotypic male.
AB  - A 2-year-old male with bilateral undescended gonads, hypoplastic external
      auditory canals, large umbilical hernia and XO/XY chromosome mosaicism is
      described in this communication. Salient features of other similar cases, i.e.
      XO/XY mosaicism in phenotypic males, from the literature are summarized, showing
      the wide diversity of manifestations of this syndrome.

PMID- 1206384
TI  - The distinction between self and not-self in children and adolescents.
AB  - The direction and extent of age-related differences in self-definition were
      studied in 120 students from age 6 to 16 years who were asked to identify 42
      items as self or not-self. Total number of self-responses increased with age, and
      girls responded to slightly more items as self than boys. Body parts, identifying
      personal characteristics, and psychological processes were identified as self
      more frequently at all ages than significant others, self-related objects, and
      possessions. The direction of age-related change was toward greater self
      extension and appeared to involve a reconceptualization of self and not-self
      relations.

PMID- 1206385
TI  - Perceptual incongruity and social interaction as determinants of infants'
      reaction to novel persons.
AB  - To investigate the contrary position of perceptual incongruity and social
      interaction theories regarding birth order and reactions to novel persons within
      the first year of life, novel persons were presented to 96 first and later borns
      8 and 12 months of age. Because firstborns, exposed to more positive social
      interaction within the family within the first year of life, were more positive
      towards strangers than were the later borns, the authors concluded that by the
      end of the first year of life the nature of the infant's social interaction
      within the family, rather than the number of perceptual encounters, is the major
      determinant of infants' reaction to novel persons in their enviornment.

PMID- 1206386
TI  - Manifest anxiety and self-concept: further investigation.
AB  - Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS), Actual-Self, Ideal-Self, and Self-Ideal Discrepancy
      results from 134 first-year female nursing students were studied by the
      multivariate methods of factor analysis and multiple regression. Ideal-Self was
      less variant than Actual-Self, and correlated significantly with it. Factorial
      compositions of the three self-conceptual indices uncovered three overlapping
      factors: a tension-steadiness-worry factor, a well-being factor, and superficial
      social assets factor. The correlation of MAS with the discrepancy scores was
      overwhelmingly due to its relationship to Actual-Self, since it was only scarcely
      related to Ideal-Self, MAS was mainly associated with traits loading on the
      tension factor and secondarily with the well-being factor. Traits touching upon
      intellectual efficiency, physical attractiveness, and methodicalness were
      unrelated to MAS.

PMID- 1206387
TI  - A child's emotions and adult authoritarianism as determinants of punishment.
AB  - The present research attempted to assess the effects of a child's emothins on the
      severity of punishment suggested by adult subjects who hold authoritarian or
      nonauthoritarian attitudes about child rearing. The administration of a
      punishment scale, the dependent measure, to several population suggested that
      this scale is a reliable measurement instrument. Also, it was found that
      authoritarians suggested more severe punsihment, but that a child's emotions may
      have little effect on the level of suggested punishment.

PMID- 1206388
TI  - Learning and behavioral correlates in learning-disabled pupils prone to
      heterozygous thalassemia and sicklemia.
AB  - The pilot study was designed to vindicate planning for large-scale detection and
      management of two parallel genetic blood disorders occurring in large numbers of
      Mediterranean- and black Americans; the heterozygous minor traits of thalassemia
      (Cooley's anemia) and sicklemia (sickle-cell anemia). Referred pupils (N=191)
      matched on schools, age, and learning difficulties associated with learning
      disabilities were compared as to presumed ethnic origin (n Mediterranean = 80; n
      black = 64; n "others" = 47) and incidence of trait-related learning and
      behavioral characteristics. Group mean differences on the study's criteria were
      found to be significant. Both minor-trait prone groups equally indicated the
      associative effects, while the control group without tradt-predisposition showed
      a nonsignificant relationship, thus supporting the hypotheses and the need for
      large-scale research.

PMID- 1206389
TI  - Reply to "sex differences in adaptive styles".

PMID- 1206390
TI  - Replications and refinements.

PMID- 1206391
TI  - Effect of the norepinephrine receptor stimulating agent "clonidine" on the
      turnover of 5-hydroxytryptamine in some areas of the rat brain.
AB  - The effect of clonidine (0.05 mg/kg i.p.) on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) turnover
      has been studied in the whole brain and in various cerebral areas of the rat
      (brain stem, hypothalamus, striatum and "rest" of the brain). In the whole brain,
      clonidine produced a significant decrease (-23%) in 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid
      level and a slight increase (+7%) in 5-HT level. These variations were not
      observed in all the cerebral structures. The 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels
      were reduced in the hypothalamus and in the rest of the brain; they were not
      significantly altered in the brain stem and increased in the striatum. The effect
      of clonidine on the 5-HT synthesis has been studied by evaluation of the rises in
      5-HT levels induced by pargyline: these rises were found significantly increased
      in the brain stem and the hypothalamus and not significantly altered in the other
      cerebral structures. These findings give support to the hypothesis according to
      which the norepinephrine receptor stimulation inhibits the activtity in the 5-HT
      neurons: clonidine reduces primarily the relase of 5-HT without an immediate
      effect on its synthesis. The differences observed among the various cerebral
      areas might be explained by the fact that relations between nor-epinephrine and 5
      HT neurons do not exist identically in all cerebral structures.

PMID- 1206392
TI  - Acetylcholine induced responses of plasma LH and prolactin in normal and 6
      hydroxydopamine-treated rats.
AB  - The effects of intraventricular injection of acetylcholine at doses of 50 mug
      were studied in male rats. Under ether anesthesia, acetylcholine did not modify
      plasma prolactin and LH levels. Contrarily, in rats anesthetized with
      pentobarbital, acetylcholine at the same doses induced significant decreases of
      prolactin from 10 to 60 min postinjection. LH levels were not modified by
      treatment. Prolactin responses to acetylcholine were absent during the first 30
      min postinjection in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats. Only a delayed response was
      detected. In these animals, icv administration of dopamine caused a clear
      decrease of plasma prolactin levels. A marked rise of LH at 30 and 60 min
      following acetylcholine injection was found in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats.
      Results suggest a catecholaminergic mediation of the prolactin and LH responses
      induced by acetylcholin in male rats.

PMID- 1206393
TI  - Effects of L-tryptophan treatment on central indoleamine metabolism and short
      lasting neurologic disturbances in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Twelve MS patients were treated with L-tryptophan with or without decarboxylase
      inhibitor for 30 days, and the daily dose was either 1.5 g or 8 g. Tryptophan, 5
      HIAA and HVA were analysed from lumbar punctures before and during tryptophan
      treatment. Clinical evaluation of MS symptoms was performed before, during and at
      the end of the tryptophan treatment period as well as after a 30-day placebo
      period. Tryptophan and 5-HIAA levels were found to be elevated 10 hours after the
      last dose of L-tryptophan. HVA concentrations remained approximately constant. A
      slight alleviation of changeable MS symptoms was noticed during the first month.
      The best response was found in symptoms like motility and bladder disturbances as
      well as in the mood of patients. These findings are indicative of the neural
      transmission changes during the rapid functional disturbances in MS.

PMID- 1206394
TI  - [Acetylcholinesterase and biosynthesis of proteins in the resting and stimulated
      sympathetic ganglion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1206395
TI  - Characterization and protein analysis of myelin subfractions in rat brain:
      developmental and regional comparisons.

PMID- 1206397
TI  - Distribution of choline acetyltransferase and glutamate decarboxylase within the
      substantia nigra and in other brain regions from control and Parkinsonian
      patients.

PMID- 1206398
TI  - Inhibition of GABA uptake in rat brain slices by nipecotic acid, various
      isoxazoles and related compounds.

PMID- 1206396
TI  - Organic mercurial encephalopathy: in vivo and in vitro effects of methyl mercury
      on synaptosomal respiration.

PMID- 1206399
TI  - Structure and biological activity of a series of conformationally restricted
      analogues of GABA.

PMID- 1206400
TI  - Synthetic amino acids and the nature of L-DOPA transport at the blood-brain
      barrier.

PMID- 1206401
TI  - Regulation of nerve growth factor synthesis in mouse submaxillary glands by
      testosterone.

PMID- 1206402
TI  - Acetylcholinesterase turnover in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma.

PMID- 1206403
TI  - Changes in the levels of DNA, RNA, protein and DNases in developing and old chick
      brain.

PMID- 1206405
TI  - Reserpine sensitivity of catecholamine metabolism in murine neuroblastoma clone
      N1E-115.

PMID- 1206404
TI  - The binding of triethyltin to rat brain myelin.

PMID- 1206406
TI  - Metabolism of polyamines in mouse neuroblastoma cells in culture: formation of
      GABA and putreanine.

PMID- 1206407
TI  - Interference by alphamethylparatyrosine with three procedures for assay of
      cerebral catecholamines.

PMID- 1206408
TI  - Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by bicuculline and related alkaloids.

PMID- 1206409
TI  - The metabolism of ketone bodies in developing human brain: development of ketone
      body-utilizing enzymes and ketone bodies as precursors for lipid synthesis.

PMID- 1206410
TI  - Reutilization of choline for synthesis of phosphatidyl choline and choline
      plasmalogen in rat brain.

PMID- 1206411
TI  - Rapid production of diacylglycerols enriched in arachidonate and stearate during
      early brain ischemia.

PMID- 1206413
TI  - Spinal cord compression by a rheumatoid nodule.
AB  - A case, believed to be unique, is reported of spinal cord compression due to an
      extradural rheumatoid nodule.

PMID- 1206412
TI  - Absence of cellular hypersensitivity to muscle and thymic antigens in myasthenia
      gravis.
AB  - Humoral antibodies to skeletal muscle and its components and to thymus have been
      demonstrated in the sera of patients with myasthenia gravis. A role for cellular
      hypersensitivity to similar antigens in the pathogenesis of the disease has been
      suggested by some reports of the presence of cellular immunity. A detailed
      immunological study using muscle and thymic antigens, including those prepared
      from the patients' own tissues, failed to confirm these findings. It is suggested
      that previous reports of cellular hypersensitivity represent the demonstration of
      an epiphenomenon.

PMID- 1206414
TI  - Arachnoid calcification producing spinal cord compression.
AB  - A case of spinal cord compression, presumed to be due to a calcification in the
      arachnoid, is presented. Its relationship to a previous spinal subarachnoid
      haemorrhage is mentioned. The literature is reviewed and the relationship of this
      condition to spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage, previous myelogram, and spinal
      anaesthetic is stressed.

PMID- 1206415
TI  - Scapuloperoneal atrophy with sensory involvement: Davidenkow's syndrome.
AB  - A patient with scapuloperoneal atrophy of neurogenic type, in whome there was
      also distal sensory impairment, has been studied with conventional EMG, single
      fibre EMG, and muscle biopsy. This disorder, described by Davidenkow, may be a
      distinct entity.

PMID- 1206416
TI  - Assessment of the capacity of cerebral collateral circulation using ultrasonic
      Doppler technique.
AB  - A new non-invasive method for the assessment of cerebral collateral circulation
      via the circle of Willis using an ultrasonic directional Doppler flowmeter is
      described. The technique was found useful in measuring the capacity of cerebral
      collateral circulation and would be applicable not only in internal medicine but
      also in neurosurgery.

PMID- 1206417
TI  - Granulomatous myopathy: its relationship to sarcoidosis and polymyositis.
AB  - In three cases of generalized muscle weakness, muscle biopsy revealed well
      defined, non-caseating epithelioid granulomata with giant cells. In one of these
      patients there was, in addition, a high serum CPK and histological evidence of
      widespread muscle cell degeneration and regeneration, apparently unrelated to the
      granulomatous process. In a re-examination of the histopathology of these cases,
      using biopsy material from a fourth case of proven sarcoidosis as a standard, it
      was concluded that there are no special features of the granulomatous/giant cell
      process which permit the separation of the case of presumed polymyositis.
      However, it appeared that granulomata per se do not exert a significant ill
      effect on surrounding muscle cells, and that evidence of widespread degeneration
      of muscle cells is the important point of distinction.

PMID- 1206419
TI  - Cerebral hydatid disease in Britain.
AB  - Two cases of cerebral hydatid disease are described. This condition, acquired by
      Britons in Britain, is extremely rare as only two similar cases have been
      reported before. Details of clinical presentation, investigation and treatment
      are described.

PMID- 1206418
TI  - Leigh's disease: significance of the biochemical changes in brain.
AB  - Analysis of five brains from patients with Leigh's disease demonstrates an
      accumulation of thiamine pyrophosphate and a deficiency of thiamine triphosphate.
      The enzyme which converts thiamine pyrophosphate to thiamine triphosphate was
      normally active in two of these brains, suggesting that the inhibitor found in
      Leigh's disease is probably producing the observed neurochemical changes. Reasons
      for the histological similarity between Leigh's and Wernicke's diseases are
      suggested.

PMID- 1206420
TI  - Subclinical optic neuropathy in multiple sclerosis. How early VER components
      reflect axon loss and conduction defects in optic pathways.
AB  - The pathological effect of multiple sclerosis in the visual pathways consists of
      axonal demyelination and axonal loss. These two consequences of the disease, even
      in its subclinical stages, are reflected in changes in the initial component of
      the visual evoked response (VER) affecting its latency, configuration, or both.
      These abnormal early components of the VER were recorded in 25 patients with
      multiple sclerosis, only 10 of whom had any indication of visual involvement that
      could be documented historically or by conventional ophthalmic investigation.

PMID- 1206421
TI  - Focal hemisphere and visuoperceptual categorization.
AB  - Visuoperceptual categorization was investigated in patients with unilateral brain
      damage by a task in which meaningless shapes had to be classified with reference
      to a number of prototype patterns. Right brain-damaged subjects with visual field
      defect turned out to have a narrower categorization span. As this outcome seems
      to be scarcely consonant with a lower level disorder of visual processing, a
      major competence of the right hemisphere is suggested for visuoperceptual
      categorization.

PMID- 1206422
TI  - Cognitive recovery after severe head injury. 1. Serial testing on the Wechsler
      Adult Intelligence Scale.
AB  - The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale was administered serially to 40 severely
      head-injured adults, and the results compared with a matched group of 40 non
      injured men. The scores on the verbal subtests showed less initial impairment and
      were faster to recover to the level of the comparison group than were the non
      verbal subtest scores. Verbal IQ of the head-injury group approached that of the
      comparison group within about one year of injury, while recovery of Performance
      IQ continued over about three years.

PMID- 1206423
TI  - Extracranial metastases from a glioma in the absence of surgical intervention.
AB  - A case of metastatic spread to the pleura from a glioma which had not been
      biopsied or treated surgically is reported. There was no direct extension to
      extracranial soft tissues, the route of spread apparently being by way of
      meningeal veins.

PMID- 1206424
TI  - Cognitive recovery after severe head injury. 2. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
      during post-traumatic amnesia.
AB  - The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was administered to two matched
      groups of severely head-injured patients. The first administration was early in
      the recovery period, when group I was still in post-traumatic amnesia. The WaiS
      results for this group were significantly lower than those of group II, who were
      fully conscious. A follow-up at a later stage of recovery found that group I had
      substantially caught up with group II on the WAIS. At both administrations the
      WAIS subtest scores were correlated with clinical data, and changes in the
      pattern of correlations between PTA and full consciousness suggested that the
      former represents a qualitatively, and not merely quantitatively, distinct phase
      of recovery.

PMID- 1206425
TI  - An investigation of the correlation between abnormal patterns of ocular
      microtremor and an abnormal pupil reflex in neurological patients.
AB  - Twenty-two patients and 7 normal subjects at the Burdenko Institute of
      Neurosurgery, Moscow, have taken part in an investigation in which the direct
      light reflex to a brief flash, and the high-frequency microtremor of the eyes,
      have been recorded. The direct pupil reflex recordings obtained with a flash of
      20 msec duration and 100 lux intensity at the plane of the pupil were registered
      from the right eye of each patient. Ocular microtremor recordings were obtained
      simultaneously from both eyes of 20 of the patients. A set of criteria of
      abnormality of ocular microtremor, as judged by visual examination of the
      records, is proposed by the authors. Abnormality of the pupil reflex is assessed
      in terms of the amplitude, latent period, and time course of the contraction and
      relaxation phases of the reflex. A strong correlation has been found between the
      occurrence of an abnormal ocular tremor record and an abnormal pupil reflex. On
      the basis of this correlation, the authors propose that ocular tremor recordings
      may be used in diagnosis as sensitive indicators of brain-stem dysfunction.

PMID- 1206426
TI  - Anterior horn cell disease seen in South India.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with clinical evidence of anterior horn cell dysfunction are
      descirbed. This group of patients could be divided into those with bulbar
      dysfunction, and those without. Eighth cranial nerve involvement was seen in 10%.
      The commonest perpheral distribution seen was symmetrical involvement of all four
      extremities. During the period of follow-up (1 to 5 years) none of the patients
      without bulbar dysfunction initially developed such symptoms. In all these
      patients electromyographic evidence of anterior horn cell disease was confirmed.
      The motor nerve conduction velocities in all of these patients were normal. None
      of them showed signs of pyramidal tract involvement. Muscle biopsy showed
      evidence of group fibre atrophy in 10 cases, was normal in 3, and showed a
      myopathic pattern in 1. Sural nerve biopsy obtained in a single patient was
      considered histologically normal. Plasma citrate and plasma pyruvate levels
      obtained in 5 patients of this group, showed elevated values for plasma citrate
      with normal plasma pyruvate levels. Conspicuous absence of pyramidal signs,
      elevated plasma citrate, normal plasma pyruvate values and the extremely slow
      progression suggest that this group of patients are different from other
      varieties of anterior horn cell dysfunction previously described.

PMID- 1206427
TI  - Nerve regeneration and thyroid hormone treatment.
AB  - On the basis of 3 reports that thyroid hormone treatment stimulates axon
      outgrowth in rats with nervous system injuries, a 43-year-old patient with an
      ulnar nerve laceration was given desiccated thyroid (up to 360 mg/day) following
      nerve suture. The Hoffmann-Tinel sign of sensory axon outgrowth advanced at a
      rate of 5.0 mm/day in the forearm, approximately 200% faster than the anticipated
      rate. A good functional result was obtained in 7 months. On the maximum dosage of
      desiccated thyroid, the patient developed mild weight loss associated with an
      increased appetite; there was no other sign or symptom of hyperthyroidism.
      Further investigation of the role of thyroid hormone during nerve regeneration
      seems warranted.

PMID- 1206428
TI  - Some stereological correction formulae with particular applications in
      quantitative neurohistology.
AB  - The present report furnishes explicit formulations for correcting the observed
      nucleolar and nuclear volume fractions of neurons sampled on the basis of the
      presence of nucleolar profiles when sectioned. Such samples, frequently chosen
      for quantitative studies in neurohistology, can result in the overestimation ov
      component volume fractions. The correction formulae are derived by considering
      theoretical spherical models exhibiting "nucleus-nucleolus" concentricity and
      eccentricity, and are tested by applying them to analogous neuron populations in
      rat spinal cord. It is concluded that, with certain reservations, the formulae
      can be usefully applied to data obtained from nucleolar-biased samples, thereby
      increasing the reliability of quantitative information gleaned from such samples.

PMID- 1206429
TI  - Oligodendroglial cell development in jimpy mice and controls. An electron
      microscopic study in the optic nerve.
AB  - Glial development was studied in the optic nerve of 1- to 28-day-old Jimpy mice
      and controls. Abnormalities were found in oligodelopment and axons were not
      affected. These consisted in (a) Increased numbers of glioblastic cells
      containing lipids and increased occurrence of glial cell death in the
      premyelination stage; (b) Decreased numbers of maturing oligodendrocytes (i.e.
      young and active oligodendrocytes) in the period of early myelination; (c) An
      occurrence of abnormal oligodendroglial cells containing lipids and
      multimembranous tubes in the period of advanced myelination. The decreased number
      of maturing oligodendrocytes in the premyelination stage indicates that the lack
      of myelin in Jimpy mice may be secondary to a disturbance in the differentiation
      of the oligodendroglial cell line. The occurrence of abnormal, lipid-containing
      glioblasts and oligodendrocytes may be an expression of a defect in metabolism
      leading to an abnormality in the association of myelin proteins and myelin
      lipids.

PMID- 1206430
TI  - Spinal cord blood flow measured by a hydrogen clearance technique.
AB  - Spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) has been measured in segments of the thoracolumbar
      cord of dogs using the hydrogen clearance technique. Clearances were recorded and
      flows calculated from electrodes placed in grey and white matter. The position of
      the recording electrodes was marked by diathermy and confirmed in each
      experiment. The SCBF in the white matter for 82 clearances was 13.7+/-4.5 ml/100
      g/min using pentobarbitone anaesthesia. In the grey matter both monoexponential
      and biexponential clearances were recorded from electrodes placed in grey matter.
      There was no difference in flows calculated from the monoexponentail and slow
      components. SCBF from the slow components or monoexponentials was 12.0+/-4.5
      ml/100g/min. The flow from the fast component was 69+/-11 ml/100 g/min. with
      pentobarbitone anaesthesia and 97.5+/-32.9 ml/100g/min with alpha-chloralopse
      anaesthesia. The flow calculated from the fast component did not correlate to
      changes of PaCO2. The slow component of any biexponential clearances was used to
      calculate flows from electrodes placed in the grey matter. There was no
      significant difference between flows from the grey matter (calculated from the
      slow component) and the white matter. Simultaneously recorded cortical and sub
      cortical -lows were higher than in spinal grey and white matter. There was
      considerable variation in flow from animal to animal. The area of spinal grey
      matter is small and surrounded by white matter and the flow recorded from
      electrodes placed in grey matter is probably the average SCBF representing a
      mixture of grey and white flow. This will arise because of the rapid
      diffusibility of hydrogen gas between the tissues. It is therefore difficult to
      ascribe the flow from a centrally placed cord electrode to a definite anatomical
      compartment.

PMID- 1206431
TI  - Striato-nigral degeneration. Report of a case with an unusually short course and
      multiple system degenerations.
AB  - A 50-year-old white woman with an 8-month history of Parkinson's syndrome which
      did not respond to levodopa therapy was found on pathological examination to have
      the topographical lesions of striato-nigral degeneration. In addition to those
      characteristic lesions, an associated degeneration of the optic pathways, from
      the level of the optic nerve to the geniculo-collicular fibers, of the
      corticospinal tract and of the olivo-dentate axis, were found. While offering
      further evidence for the concept of "multiple system degeneration", no
      pathogenetic relationship either to previous cases of striato-nigral degeneration
      or to other multiple system degenerations is implied.

PMID- 1206432
TI  - Kinetic studies on glial, Schwann and capsular cells labelled with [3H] thymidine
      in cerebrospinal tissue of young mice.
AB  - Neuroglia, capsular and Schwann cell renewal and turnover in the cerebellum, the
      spinal cord and spinal ganglia have been evaluated in 2-months-old mice. The
      animals received intraperitoneal injections of [3H] thymidine at 8 hr intervals
      starting on the 28th day of postnatal life for a period of 30 days and were
      killed 1 hr after the last injection. Substantial numbers of labelled neuroglial
      cells but no labelled neurons were observed. Oligodendrocytes of the cerebellum
      and the spinal cord showed higher labelling indices (19.8% and 18.0%,
      respectively) than astrocytes (10.0%) and Bergmann's supporting cells (7.2%). The
      labelling indices of capsular cells in the spinal ganglia and Schwann cells in
      the spinal roots were 35.8% and 25.8%, respectively. The experiments failed to
      provide evidence for matrix cell layers in the cerebellum, the spinal cord and
      spinal ganglia. It may be concluded therefore that glial and Schwann cells in
      these parts of the nervous system proliferate in situ.

PMID- 1206433
TI  - "Myotubular Myopathy" and "type I fiber atrophy" in a family.
AB  - An 11-month-old girl and her mother had similar muscular weakness and wasting
      shich started in early life and were non-progressive throughout the course of the
      illness. Muscle biopsy in the girl revealed muscle fibers with central nuclei and
      surrounding clear areas compatible with myotubular, centronuclear or peri-centri
      nuclear myopathy, whereas the biopsy from the mother showed a selective atrophy
      of Type I fibers without central nuclei. Since the grandfather also had similar
      clinical features, a heredofamilial neuromuscular disease was thought likely, and
      it is postulated that the pathological change in the girl represented an earlier,
      and in the mother a later manifestation of the same disease.

PMID- 1206434
TI  - The CSF lipid content in brain atrophy.
AB  - Significantly low CSF values for cholesterol and total lipids were found in a
      group of patients with brain atrophy in comparison with a control group. It is
      possible that these changes are a function of reduced brain mass or of defect in
      brain lipid metabolism in brain atrophy patients. Further metabolic studies are
      required to clarify the biochemical aspects of brain atrophy.

PMID- 1206435
TI  - Neuromyotonia. A mild case.
AB  - A mild case of the syndrome of generalized, sustained, fine muscular twitchings
      and impaired relaxation after a vigorous contraction (but without a myotonic
      response), which is presumably due to peripheral motor nerve hyperactivity is
      described. In this case, generalized muscle stiffness, deformities of the hands
      and feet, excessive sweating and an increased basal metabolic rate were not
      present.

PMID- 1206437
TI  - Analytical isotachophoresis: a new method for analysis of cerebrospinal fluid
      proteins. A preliminary report.
AB  - Isotachophoresis of CSF proteins seems to be a very promising method. Very small
      CSF samples, a few mul of concentrated and 15-30 mul of unconcentrated CSF, can
      be quickly analysed (30-60 min), and the results immediately obtained on a
      recorder. Using unconcentrated CSF, losses due to concentration procedures, are
      avoided. Low-molecular weight compounds, e.g. in CSF ultrafiltrates, can also be
      examined. The method gives high resolution, is reproducible, and is easy to
      perform. The isotachophoretic findings have been compared with those of
      electrofocusing.

PMID- 1206438
TI  - Supplement to some morphometric methods for the central nervous system.

PMID- 1206436
TI  - Folate and monoamine metabolism in epilepsy.
AB  - In 27 drug-treated epileptics there was a significant fall in serum, red cell and
      CSF folate levels compared with 15 untreated epileptics and 22 neurological
      controls. The 3 folate parameters were positively correlated with each other and
      negatively correlated with serum phenobarbitone, diphenylhydantoin and primidone.
      There was also a significant elevation of CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA)
      in the drug-treated epileptics; but this was not seen until "therapeutic" serum
      levels of phenobarbitone and diphenylhydantoin had been achieved and was most
      marked in clinically intoxicated patients. Similar trends were observed in CSF
      homovanillic acid (HVA). CSF 5HIAA and HVA were positively correlated with each
      other, especially in the drug-treated patients, in whom both amine metabolites
      were also negatively correlated with CSF folate. A possible relationship between
      folate and monoamine metabolism is discussed with particular reference to the
      antiepileptic and toxic effects of phenobarbitone, diphenylhydantoin and
      primidone.

PMID- 1206439
TI  - Carbon dioxide-protein interaction in a gas-solid phase.
AB  - In the course of developing the packaging of protein foods under the carbon
      dioxide atmosphere, various proteins in a solid state were found to adsorb carbon
      dioxide gas gradually. The results obtained by the Warburg manometry indicated
      that 100-1000 mul of carbon dioxide gas was adsorbed at 25 degrees C for 24 hr by
      gram of purified proteins, dried protein foods and other proteinous materials
      such as the rabbit hair and raw silk when they were placed in the high partial
      pressure of carbon dioxide gas. Casein, gelatin and raw silk were revealed to be
      the better adsorbents comparing with egg albumin, hemoglobin, gluten and others
      tested in this experiment. This adsorption was found to be almost specific to
      carbon dioxide gas. Amount of carbon dioxide gas adsorbed by casein and gelatin
      depended on the moisture content of them. The lower the moisture is, the greater
      the adsorption amount of carbon dioxide gas increase. Peptones and partial
      hydrolyzates of gelatin also showed the adsorbability. Oligo-peptides, amino
      acids and amines were examined too. Among these, L-lysine (free base), L-arginine
      (free base), histamine and tyramine adsorbed a large amount of carbon dioxide gas
      while others failed to do so. Some differences, however, were observed between
      temperature dependence and reversibility of the carbon dioxide gas adsorption by
      proteins and those by amines and amino acids (free bases). The mode of
      interaction between carbon dioxide and protein in a gas-solid phase was discussed
      comparing with the results obtained in a gas-liquid phase. Large contribution of
      physical adsorption and less contribution of chemical reaction or chemisorption
      were assumed in the mode of the carbon dioxide-protein interaction.

PMID- 1206440
TI  - Action site of antagonists of vitamin B6 in the central nervous system of the
      frogs and cockroaches.
AB  - Susceptibility to some antagonists of vitamin B6 was studied in frogs and
      cockroaches after operational intervention in their central nervous systems, and
      also in the intack frogs and cockroaches. Thiosemicarbazide, semicarbazide,
      isoniazide and penicillamine induced wild jumping behavior, and tonic or clonic
      convulsions in frogs, when the nervous parts posterior to the optic lobe
      inclusive remained intact. In frog, in which the nervous parts anterior to the
      diencephalon inclusive had been removed, no convulsions were induced by castrix
      or 4-deoxypyridoxine in large doses. In cockroaches excessive fluttering of wings
      and convulsions upon administration of thiosemicarbazide following severance of
      the central nerve cord between the subesophageal and prothoracic ganglions were
      induced. Castrix was not a convulsant in the intact frogs and cockroaches.

PMID- 1206441
TI  - Effect of diet on enzymes of the brush border of the small intestine and kidney
      of rats.
AB  - The effect of diets containing various amounts of casein and starch on enzymes
      bound to the brush border of the small intestine and kidney of rats were
      investigated with the following results. 1) Diets with low starch and high casein
      contents resulted in higher specific activity of leucineaminopeptidase in the
      small intestine than diets with high starch and low casein contents. Diets with
      high starch and low casein contents increased the specific activity of maltase.
      2) Rat small intestine contains at least two isoenzymes of leucineaminopeptidase:
      one bound to the brush border and the other not bound to it but recoverable in
      the soluble fraction. Only the former was influenced by the diet. 3) The maximum
      velocity (Vmax) of leucineaminopeptidase bound to the brush border was twice as
      much in rats on a high casein diet as in those on a low casein diet, but the
      Michaelis constant (Km) was approximately the same in both groups of rats. 4)
      Leucineaminopeptidase and maltase activities in the kidney were not influenced by
      diet.

PMID- 1206442
TI  - Protein nutrition and aging.
AB  - Twenty-four female rats consisting of 6 sets of litters were used for the
      experiment. After weaning, rats were divided into 4 groups and fed with 10, 18,
      27 and 36% casein diet. Effect of protein nutrition on aging was examined from
      the anthropometric and biochemical viewpoint. The difference of growth in body
      weight, and that of the urinary excretion of creatinine and 17-ketosteroids
      observed in the early period of growing disappeared by the end of growth period.
      From 1 year after birth, serum alkaline phosphatase activity and serum
      cholesterol were also measured. However, effect of protein nutrition on these
      parameters was not clear due to the scatter of data. The difference in diet did
      not affect life span in the present experiments, but the effect of the variance
      of litters on it seemed to be significant between the rats fed 18% casein diet
      and those fed 10% casein diet. Rats fed high-protein diet had a great number of
      lesions in the kidney and hypophysis, and often an incidence of tumors.

PMID- 1206443
TI  - Long-term mortality study of steelworkers. IX. Mortality patterns among sheet and
      tin mill workers.
AB  - As a result of findings of an earlier report in this series, this study examines
      the updated cause-specific mortality of men employed in the sheet and tin mill
      areas of the steel industry. In order to investigate possible relationships
      between occupational responsibilities or exposures and mortality from specific
      causes, the sheet and tin mills have been subdivided into 13 mutually exclusive
      work areas. Detailed analysis is limited primarily to white workers due to the
      small number of nonwhites in these areas. The most important observations are: 1.
      Increased overall mortality appears for men employed in 1953 in the sheet
      finishing and shipping area, confirming the findings of Lloyd, et al. The earlier
      observation of a significant excess in deaths from vascular lesions of the
      central nervous system does not hold over time. The previously noted excess for
      this cause may be related to selective factors or an extreme chance observation.
      The excess in mortality from all causes of death, which occurs over several
      disease categories, may not be a result of occupational exposures, but rather
      some selectivity. 2. Significant excesses in mortality from arteriosclerotic
      heart disease are noted among men employed in batch pickling and sheet dryer
      operations, which is in agreement with the earlier findings. Increased risks of
      dying from hypertensive heart disease are seen in the coating area. 3. Cancer of
      the lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues is found to be a significant source of
      excess mortality for workers in the heat treating and forging and tin finishing
      and shipping work areas. 4. Steelworkers employed in the annealing-normalizing
      work area show an excess in deaths from nonmalignant respiratory diseases,
      primarily pneumonia. Further study in these areas should attempt to investigate
      whether factors in the work environment may be responsible for the observed
      excess mortalities. More specifically, work should be done to find out whether
      men employed in heat treating and forging and tin finishing and shipping work in
      close proximity to chemicals or radiation exposure and whether workers employed
      in the annealing-normalizing area are exposed to any kind of oil, vapor, or
      chemical which might be irritating or infectious to the respiratory system. A
      similar analysis for men working in the batch pickling and sheet dryers and
      coating areas would also be worthwhile. The main emphasis of any future study
      should lie upon investigating whether the observed excess mortalities are due to
      any environmental factor, selection for health, or random fluctuation.

PMID- 1206444
TI  - Protocol of inter-industry noise study.

PMID- 1206446
TI  - Editorial: The interindustry noise study.

PMID- 1206445
TI  - Toxicology of PPOM.

PMID- 1206447
TI  - The electric tic procedure: a safe percutaneous method for relief of trigeminal
      neuralgia.

PMID- 1206448
TI  - Guidelines to biopsy of the breast.

PMID- 1206449
TI  - The cost of hospitalization--Oklahoma hospitals.

PMID- 1206450
TI  - Malpractice insurance problems studied.

PMID- 1206451
TI  - Locus of control and competence.
AB  - The relation of locus of control and competence in school achievement, social
      interactions, sports, and home related activities was examined. The sample
      consisted of 346 ninth-grade students, and competence was measured using self
      report, antional battery test scores, grades, and sociometric ratings. Among
      males, locus of control was significantly related to competent performance only
      among those subjects who placed a high value on outcomes in each area. Among
      females, the pattern was exactly reversed. Locus of control and various forms of
      competence were related only in areas of low interest value. The implications of
      these findings were discussed.

PMID- 1206452
TI  - Deviance and a generalized disposition toward internality: an attributional
      approach.
AB  - Two studies were carried out to test the hypothesis, derived from attribution
      theory, that adolescents might acquire an identity and mediating beliefs about
      reality (internal locus of control) by deviating from norms when they perceived
      adults to be powerful. In line with this expectation, the major study found that
      students rated by teachers as "deviant," but not those rated as "conformant,"
      showed greater internality in beliefs about man (control ideology), p = .024,
      under conditions of high power. Despite the following limitations or exceptions,
      attribution theory seemed to best explain the predicted effect: (1) the effect
      for beliefs about control was nonsignificantly weaker for females then males,
      perhaps because of different meanings of deviance for males and females and
      female socialization for conformity rather than independence; (2) in the major
      study the effect was absent for questions dealing with respondents' personal
      feelings of control ("self-attributions"); and (3) in both studies there was a
      tendency for deviant females to show more personal externality (relative to
      conformers) when perceived power was high.

PMID- 1206453
TI  - Restrained and unrestrained eating.
AB  - Nisbett's (1972) model of obesity implies that individual differences in relative
      deprivation (relative to set-point weight) within obese and normal weight groups
      should produce corresponding within-group differences in eating behavior. Normal
      weight subjects were separated into hypothetically deprived (high restraint) and
      non-deprived (low restraint) groups. The expectation that high restraint
      subjects' intake would vary directly with preload size while low restraint
      subjects would eat in inverse proportion to preload size, was confirmed. It was
      concluded that relative deprivation rather than obesity per se may be the
      cirtical determinant of individual differences in eating behavior. Consideration
      was given to the concept of "restraint" as an important behavioral mechanism
      affecting the expression of physiologically-based hungar.

PMID- 1206454
TI  - [Synthesis of some 2-alkylsulfonyl pyridines substituted at the 3-position].

PMID- 1206455
TI  - [Granulation in a layer of fluidized air. Influence of the technologic parameters
      of the apparatus on the grain characteristics].

PMID- 1206456
TI  - [Interaction between substituted ammonium chlorides and calcium hydrogen
      phosphate in direct compression].

PMID- 1206458
TI  - [Effect of formulation of enterosoluable preparations on the physiologic
      availability of the active principle. 1: Effect on the rate of liberation of
      acetylsalicylic acid from enteric tablets on absorption characteristics in vivo].

PMID- 1206457
TI  - [Mass transfer from solid forms (control of tablet dissolution].

PMID- 1206459
TI  - Comparative study of the dissolution rate of quinidine and hydroquinidine in a
      sustained release formulation.

PMID- 1206460
TI  - [Biopharmaceutics of drugs. Application to three tablet formulations of
      acetylsalicylic acid].

PMID- 1206461
TI  - [Identification of excipients of some creams of complex formulation].

PMID- 1206463
TI  - [Alveolar packing: study of thermoplastic materials and equipment].

PMID- 1206462
TI  - [Studies of enteric coatings].

PMID- 1206464
TI  - [Effect of vehicle composition on the liberation and percutaneous penetration of
      corticosteroids].

PMID- 1206465
TI  - [Identification of the principal aldoses and polysaccharides by thin layer
      chromatography on cellulose].

PMID- 1206466
TI  - Identifying emergent leaders from verbal and nonverbal communications.
AB  - Subject/observers were accurate in identifying emergent leadership hierarchies on
      four leadership dimensions when provided records of target groups' meetings
      containing only verbal communications, only nonverbal communications, or both
      types of behavior. With knowledge of participation rates controlled by
      covariance, the subject/observers' accuracy scores retained significance in three
      of the information conditions demonstrating the presence of verbal and nonverbal
      leadership cues independent of participation rates. The value of verbal and
      nonverbal communications to identifying leaders varied with the type of
      leadership hierarchy being identified. The findings are presumed to hold for
      leader selection as well. The author proposes that the question of why a group
      member has emerged to fulfill a leadership role in a group be studied from the
      point of view of group members' selecting leaders or permitting emergence rather
      than leaders emitting behaviors.

PMID- 1206467
TI  - Effects of type and dose of alcohol on human physical aggression.
AB  - Forty male undergraduates over 21 years of age were provoked following their
      ingestion of either 1.5 ounces (.045 1) or .5 ounces (.015 1) of 100 proof
      bourbon or vodka per 40 (18 kg) of body weight. The expression of physical
      aggression was related to the quantity of alcohol ingested. The high dose of
      alcohol appeared to instigate and the low dose of alcohol appeared to inhibit
      aggressive responding. This effect was most pronounced in the vodka conditions.
      Interpersonal judgments were also influenced by the type and dose of alcohol
      consumed.

PMID- 1206468
TI  - Ratings of self and peers on sex role attributes and their relation to self
      esteem and conceptions of masculinity and femininity.
AB  - Male (N = 248) and female (N = 282) subjects were given the Personal Attributes
      Questionnaire consisting of 55 bipolar attributes drawn from the Sex Role
      Stereotype Questionnaire by Rosenkrantz, Vogel, Bee, Broverman, and Broverman and
      were asked to rate themselves and then to compare directly the typical male and
      female college student. Self-ratings were divided into male-valued
      (stereotypically masculine attributes judged more desirable for both sexes),
      female-valued, and sex-specific items. Also administered was the Attitudes Toward
      Women Scale and a measure of social self-esteem. Correlations of the self-ratings
      with stereotype scores and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale were low in
      magnitude, suggesting that sex role expectations do not distort self-concepts.
      For both men and women, "femininity" on the female-valued self items and
      "masculinity" on the male-valued items were positively correlated, and both
      significantly related to self-esteem. The implications of the results for a
      concept of masculinity and femininity as a duality, characteristic of all
      individuals, and the use of the self-rating scales for measuring masculinity,
      femininity, and androgyny were discussed.

PMID- 1206469
TI  - Enhancement of experienced sexual arousal in response to erotic stimuli through
      misattribution of unrelated residual excitation.
AB  - In a pretest, three phases of recovery from a standard physical exercise were
      determined. In Phase 1, subjects experienced high levels of physiological
      excitation and recognized that their arousal was due to exercise. In Phase 2,
      subjects maintained substantial excitatory residues from the exercise but felt
      that their arousal had returned to base level. In Phase 3, subjects' excitatory
      responses had decayed, and they knew they had recovered from the exercise.
      Subjects in the main experiment were exposed to an erotic film in the first,
      second, or third recovery phase after performing the exercise. Subjects viewing
      the film during the second recovery phase reported being more sexually aroused by
      the film and evaluated the film more positively than subjects in the other two
      conditions. Counter to the notion of arousal as a simple energizer of all
      behavior, these findings were interpreted as supporting excitation-transfer
      theory, which posits that residual excitation enhances emotional responses to
      unrelated, immediately present stimuli only when the prevailing arousal cannot be
      attributed to its actual source.

PMID- 1206470
TI  - Personality research: components of variance attributable to the person and the
      situation.
AB  - Studies involving personality and situational variables were surveyed. Studies
      permitting determination of main effects and interactions involving these
      variables have increased since 1950. In one comparison, situational main effects
      were significant in 65.5% of the cases, whereas the figure was 31% for individual
      difference variables and 59.9% for interactions. In another comparison, 35% of
      situational main effects accounted for more than 10% of the variance, compared
      with 29% for personality indexes; 19% of the situational variable effects
      accounted for more than 20% of the variance, compared with 14% of the personality
      main effects. Low percentages of variance were accounted for by all variables
      investigated: situational, personality, demographic, and interactions among these
      variables.

PMID- 1206471
TI  - The role of information in attenuating behavioral responses to stress: a
      reinterpretation of the misattribution phenomenon.
AB  - Two experiments replicating and extending Ross, Rodin, and Zimbardo were
      conducted to determine whether reductions in emotional behavior resulted from
      misattribution of naturally occurring arousal states or from informational
      factors confounded in previous research. In Experiment 1, arousal or arousal
      irrelevant symptoms were attributed to noise or the threat of shock. Subjects
      receiving arousal symptoms avoided shock less, regardless of attribution.
      Extended manipulation checks revealed no evidence of differential attribution of
      arousal. In Experiment 2 subjects heard high or low noise. Arousal symptoms were
      attributed to noise or threat of shock. Subjects for whom arousal symptoms were
      attributed to noise and who heard low noise spent more time in shock avoidance
      than the other three groups. Again there was no evidence of misattribution of
      arousal. The results are interpreted as indicating that the results of
      misattribution studies are best explained in terms of the presentation of arousal
      information in a plausible context.

PMID- 1206472
TI  - Attribution theory, insomnia, and the reverse placebo effect: a reversal of
      Storms and Nisbett's findings.
AB  - Storms and Nisbett found that insomniacs got to sleep faster than usual on nights
      when they took placebos believed to be arousal pills. Our study attempted: (a) to
      replicate the reverse placebo effect using a method of measurement considered
      more accurate than the original technique, (b) to evaluate the effect of an
      arousal pill therapy after therapy is discontinued, and (c) to clarify which of
      two hypotheses better accounts for the effect. Using 42 insomniacs, the design
      varied whether pills were administered (pill) or withheld (no pill) and whether
      or not high justification was provided for taking the pills. The high
      justification-pill and the high-justification-no-pill groups were given
      information intended to justify their participation, while the no-justification
      pill and no-pill-no-justification groups were treated like the original arousal
      and control groups. Instead of a decrease in latency to sleep, the no
      justification-pill group but not the high-justification-pill troup displayed a
      typical placebo reaction on nights they took the pills. Our results cast
      suspicion on the original finding. The lack of response by the high-justification
      pill group is discussed in terms of Bem and Kelley's views of attribution theory.

PMID- 1206473
TI  - Erotic stimuli and aggression: facilitation or inhibition.
AB  - The present experiment attempted to reconcile previous results on the
      relationship of erotic stimuli and aggression. Subjects were either insulted or
      not insulted prior or subsequent to observing erotic stimuli of varying levels of
      arousal inducements. It was found, in support of prior research, that mildly
      erotic stimuli had an inhibiting effect on aggression when viewed subsequent to
      anger arousal, whereas highly erotic stimuli tended to maintain aggression at a
      level similar to nonerotic exposure. Prior viewing of erotic stimuli, however,
      had a facilitative effect on aggressive behavior. It was proposed that erotic
      stimuli have two components (arousal and attentional shift) that interact with
      anger arousal to either inhibit or facilitate aggressive behavior. The article
      considers the implications of this two-component system for future research on
      erotic and aggressive stimuli.

PMID- 1206474
TI  - Effects of movie violence on aggression in a field setting as a function of group
      dominance and cohesion.
AB  - In this quasi-experimental field study, delinquent members belonging to two
      cottages viewed aggressive commercial movies every evening for a week, while at
      the same time, subjects from two other cottages were exposed to neutral
      commercial movies. Behavioral observations were obtained through a nonhier
      archical, minimally inferential procedure of a time-sampling nature; they were
      taken during a baseline week (at noon and in the evening), a treatment week (noon
      and evening) and a posttreatment week (noon). The main immediate effects of the
      violent films were an overall increase of both active behaviors and physical
      aggression; the effects on verbal aggression were more persistent but limited to
      one of the two cottages. On the other hand, more interactions occurred as an
      immediate consequence of viewing the films in both neutral treatment cottages;
      moreover, one of these two cottages also decreased its level of physical (short
      term effect) and verbal (short- and long-term effects) aggression. In the
      aggressive treatment cottage, which was most affected, subjects who were most
      dominant, most popular, and least popular were influenced the most: an opposite
      effect was exhibited by those subjects who were judged as least aggressive by
      their peers. Complementary data are presented and discussed; the difference
      between the single individual laboratory paradigm and the existing group field
      paradigm is especially stressed.

PMID- 1206475
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of morphine in plasma and discrete areas of the rat brain.

PMID- 1206476
TI  - RIV vs. CPB for prednisolone.

PMID- 1206477
TI  - Pharmacokinetics in the aged: a review.

PMID- 1206478
TI  - The role of the kidney in the elimination of cephapirin in man.

PMID- 1206479
TI  - Importance of assay specificity for plasma protein binding determinations.

PMID- 1206480
TI  - Plasma and salivary concentrations of isoniazid in man: preliminary findings in
      two slow acetylator subjects.

PMID- 1206482
TI  - Editorial: Achieving the full viewpoint.

PMID- 1206481
TI  - Do you need a pharmacokinetic model, and, if so, which one?

PMID- 1206483
TI  - Inhibition of drug metabolism by hydroxylated metabolites: cross-inhibition and
      specificity.
AB  - Inhibition of drug metabolism was studied in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. A
      hydroxylated metabolite of phenylbutazone (oxyphenbutazone) inhibited the
      elimination of phenytoin, which is metabolized by oxidative pathways. The
      biotransformation of a relatively polar and only slightly plasma protein-bound
      drug, antipyrine, was subject to product inhibition by a hydroxylated metabolite,
      4-hydroxyantipyrine. Neither oxyphenbutazone nor 4-hydroxyantipyrine measurably
      affected the elimination kinetics or metabolic fate of a drug (sulfanilamide)
      that is not metabolized by oxidative pathways.

PMID- 1206484
TI  - Solid-state decomposition of para-substituted salicylic acids.
AB  - A series of para-substituted salicylic acids, all crystallizing monoclinically
      and decomposing by decarboxylation, were shown to adhere to Bawn-type kinetics,
      and the decomposition rate constants were shown to adhere approximately to a
      Hammett-type relation. The value of the reaction parameter was -8. Both para
      substituted salicyclic and benzoic acids occur as dimers in the crystalline
      state. The mechanism whereby the latter decomposes is speculated to be
      intermolecular in the sense that the substituent from one dimer interacts with
      the carboxyl group of a neighboring dimer. In the same sense of the word, the
      substituted salicyclic acids decompose by an intramolecular mechanism, i.e.,
      within the dimer unit.

PMID- 1206485
TI  - GLC determination of carbamazepine suitable for pharmacokinetic studies.
AB  - A GLC determination of carbamazepine in plasma and urine is described. It is
      performed by injecting the cyano derivative, which, in contrast to carbamazepine,
      has bood GLC properties. The method is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies,
      since it is specific and accurate down to 0.27 mug/ml.

PMID- 1206486
TI  - Synthesis and biological evaluation of potential hypoglycemic agents I: Carnitine
      analogs.
AB  - A series of 4-dialkylamino-3-hydroxybutyric acid hydrochlorides and
      methochlorides, analogs of carnitine, was synthesized by treatment of tert-butyl
      3,4-epoxybutyrate with the appropriate amine or amine hydrochloride in methanol
      followed by mild acid hydrolysis. The compounds had no effect on blood glucose or
      serum fatty acid levels in rats.

PMID- 1206487
TI  - Alkaloids of Vinca rosea L. (Catharanthus roseus G. Don) XXXVI: Isolation and
      characterization of new dimeric alkaloids.
AB  - In a continuing effort to study thoroughly the alkaloids of Catharanthus roseus,
      new dimeric alkaloids were isolated and characterized. Structures are proposed
      for leurocolombine and vinamidine based on UV, IR, PMR, high-resolution mass
      spectrometry, and CMR. Pseudovincaleukoblastine diol was identified by PMR and
      mass spectrometry. Leurocolombine exhibited antimitotic activity and marginal
      antitumor activity against the Ridgeway osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 1206489
TI  - Determination of tolmetin in human plasma by GLC and spectrophotometric
      procedures.
AB  - GLC and spectrophotometric methods for the determination of tolmetin in plasma
      were developed. The methods can detect tolmetin in concentrations above 0.5
      mug/ml. The plasma levels obtained with a 600-mg dose of tolmetin to a human
      subject are reported.

PMID- 1206488
TI  - Absorption of 3H-benzocaine from ointments following rectal administration in
      rats.
AB  - Total radioactivity in the blood of rats for 5 hr following rectal administration
      of 3H-benzocaine in oleaginous, absorption, emulsion (water-in-oil and oil-in
      water), and water-soluble ointment vehicles was measured. The release was
      greatest from the water-soluble vehicle and followed the same relative order as
      seen in an earlier in vitro experiment. No intact benzocaine was found in the
      blood using radiochromatography. In vitro hydrolysis of benzocaine by rat blood
      did not occur as determined with the techniques of this experiment.

PMID- 1206490
TI  - GLC determination of procainamide in biological fluids.
AB  - A GLC method for the determination of procainamide in biological fluids is
      presented. By using a dipropyl analog of procainamide as an internal standard,
      both compounds can be chromatographed directly, yielding linear calibration
      curves and a sensitivity that allows quantitative determination of concentrations
      as low as 0.1 mug/ml. The extraction procedure was carefully modified to avoid
      hydrolysis of N-acetylprocainamide, a major metabolite of procainamide. The
      usefulness of the procedure is demonstrated by following the disappearance of
      procainamide from the plasma and urine of human subjects treated with the drug.

PMID- 1206491
TI  - Molecular connectivity. I: Relationship to nonspecific local anesthesia.
AB  - A very significant linear correlation was found between a recently proposed
      connectivity index and molecular polarizability, cavity surface areas calculated
      for water solubility of alcohols and hydrocarbons, and biological potencies of
      nonspecific local anesthetics. The simplicity of calculation of the index from
      the connectivity in the molecular skeleton, together with the very significant
      correlation, indicates its practical value.

PMID- 1206492
TI  - Molecular connectivity. II: Relationship to water solubility and boiling point.
AB  - The connectivity index, easily computed by arithmetic and based upon the degree
      of connectedness at each vertex in the molecular skeleton, is shown to give
      highly significant correlations with water solubility of branched, cyclic, and
      straight-chain alcohols and hydrocarbons as well as with boiling points of
      alcohols. These correlations are superior to those based on well-founded theory
      relating to solvent cavity surface area. An empirical modification to the
      connectivity index gave an improved correlation for both solubilities and boiling
      points.

PMID- 1206493
TI  - Molecular connectivity. III: Relationship to partition coefficients.
AB  - The molecular connectivity index is shown to be linearly related to the octanol
      water partition coefficients of a variety of monofunctional chemical classes
      including esters, alcohol, ketones, ethers, carboxylic acids, amines, and
      hydrocarbons. A modification of the connectivity index, taking into account the
      valency or degree of unsaturation of an atom, merges the data for all compounds
      except hydrocarbons. The connectivity index is also shown to be useful for
      correlating biological activity. These studies indicate that partition
      coefficients represent empirical quantities having intermediate significance
      between biological data and the more fundamental property of molecular
      connectivity.

PMID- 1206494
TI  - Size distribution effects in multiparticulate dissolution.
AB  - The evaluation of models for single-particle dissolution, based on
      multiparticulate dissolution data, is complicated by the distribution effect
      present when the particles are not truly monodispersed. By using simulated data,
      it is shown that remarkably good linearity can be obtained with log-normal
      powders using an incorrect model. It is suggested that particle-size analysis is
      necessary to enable calculation of the distribution effect and to prevent this
      type of misinterpretation. The change in particle-size distribution during
      dissolution is calculated and shows potential for distinguishing between two, but
      not all three, of the models investigated. Four theoretical rules for
      multiparticulate dissolution are stated and discussed. The concept of "time
      scaling" is presented. By using this procedure, it should be possible to reduce
      considerably computational errors arising from nonlinear dissolution data. It is
      demonstrated that dissolution profiles can be transformed to a standard form,
      enabling the distribution effect to be evaluated without interference from rate
      or particle-size parameters.

PMID- 1206495
TI  - Selective assay of benzoyl peroxide in lotions and creams.
AB  - A selective titrimetric method for the determination of benzoyl peroxide in
      lotions and creams was developed. It is based on the work of Horner and Jurgens,
      in which diacylperoxides, dialkylperoxides, peracids, and alkylhydroperoxides can
      be determined selectively by iodometry and acidimetry. The proposed assay is
      stability indicating with respect to peracids. Good recovery data were obtained.

PMID- 1206496
TI  - Colorimetric determinations of chlorpheniramine maleate, ephedrine hydrochloride,
      and guaiacolsulfonate potassium in a cough syrup.
AB  - Colorimetric methods for the quantitative determinations of chlorpheniramine
      maleate, ephedrine hydrochloride, and guaiacolsulfonate potassium in a cough
      syrup containing color (amaranth) are reported. Chlorpheniramine maleate can be
      assayed using the cyanogen bromide method as reported in the literature.
      Ephedrine hydrochloride can be assayed using a dye method in which interference
      from chlorpheniramine maleate is taken into consideration. Guaiacolsulfonate
      potassium can be assayed by coupling it with 4-aminoantipyrine (the method is
      similar to the one for phenylephrine hydrochloride). All of the methods are
      simple, accurate, and precise. The application of the guaiacolsulfonate potassium
      assay method to commercial dosage forms is reported.

PMID- 1206497
TI  - GLC determination of underivatized carbamazepine in whole blood.
AB  - This report describes a rapid GLC assay for carbamazepine in blood. Carbamazepine
      is chromatographed directly using phenyl methyl silicone gum as the stationary
      phase. The calibration curve is linear up to 50 mug/ml, with a lower limit of
      sensitivity of 1 mug/ml. Other anticonvulsants may be measured simultaneously,
      and the procedure works equally well with plasma or blood.

PMID- 1206498
TI  - Fluorometric determination of 2,3-bis(p-methoxphenyl)imidazo(1,2-a)pyrimidine in
      biological materials.
AB  - Interest in 2,3-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]-pyrimidine as a potent, orally
      active, anti-inflammatory agent required a method for its determination in serum,
      urine, and feces to permit studies of its absorption, metabolism, and excretion.
      A simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific procedure was developed based on an
      ethyl acetate extraction of alkaline specimens and subsequent fluorometric
      analysis of ethanolic solutions of the extract residues. The method is sensitive
      to 0.2 mug/ml, 0.3 mug/ml, and 1.2 mug/100 mg of drug in serum, urine, and feces,
      respectively. The overall mean recovery and the standard deviation from
      biological samples are 99.8 +/- 5.1%. The procedure has been successfully applied
      to absorption studies in the dog.

PMID- 1206499
TI  - Conformationally constrained analogs of mescaline II.
AB  - The synthesis of methyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-piperidyl) acetate is
      described. In addition, preliminary pharmacological data comparing the compound
      with mescaline are given.

PMID- 1206500
TI  - Bioequivalency of doxycycline products.
AB  - The bioavailability of three different brands and three different dosage forms of
      doxycycline was studied in normal subjects. Single doses, equivalent to 200 mg of
      doxycycline, were administered to six subjects in a crossover design as the
      innovator's intravenous solution given orally (Treatment A), the innovator's
      capsule product (Treatment B), a noninnovator's capsule product (Treatment C),
      the innovator's oral suspension product (Treatment D), and a second
      noninnovator's capsule product (Treatment E). All dosage forms contained
      doxycycline as the hyclate, except the suspension which contained the nonhyclate
      form. Serum levels were determined periodically over 48 hr, and cumulative
      urinary excretion was measured concurrently over a 120-hr collection period. No
      statistically significant differences were observed in any in vivo indicator of
      bioequivalence when the three capsule products were compared. Consequently, they
      were judged to be bioequivalent. When these capsule products were compared to the
      oral solution, no statistically significant differences were observed. However,
      when the capsules and the suspension were compared, statistically significant
      differences were found in the rate of absorption. In vitro dissolution tests were
      also conducted on the three brands of capsules, and times required to achieve 50%
      dissolution showed rank-order correlation with corresponding absorption rate
      constants.

PMID- 1206501
TI  - Stability of aspirin in liquid and semisolid bases V: polyglycerol esters.
AB  - The stability of aspirin in decaglycerol tetraoleate, decaglycerol octaoleate,
      and decaglycerol decaoleate was studied at 4, 26, and 45 degrees. Degradation of
      aspirin in these polyglycerol esters was temperature dependent. Aspirin
      demonstrated the greatest stability in decaglycerol octaoleate and the lowest
      stability in decaglycerol tetraoleate at all temperatures studied. The hydroxyl
      value and the viscosity of the polyglycerol ester appeared to influence the
      stability of aspirin.

PMID- 1206502
TI  - Microbial transformation of aspidospermine.
AB  - Thirty actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples and screened for their
      ability to modify the structure of aspidospermine. One actinomycete culture
      converted aspidospermine into O-demethylaspidospermine but failed to modify N
      deacetylaspidospermine, N-ethyl-N-deacetylaspidospermine, 7-methoxyindole, and 7
      methoxytryptophan.

PMID- 1206503
TI  - Germination and morphine content of Papaver somniferum plants produced from
      commercially available poppy seed.

PMID- 1206504
TI  - Thermodynamics of gaseous anesthesia of mice.

PMID- 1206505
TI  - Relationship between quinidine plasma and saliva levels in humans.

PMID- 1206506
TI  - Dissolution of model gallstones in bile acid solutions I: implications for T-tube
      infusion treatment of retained common duct stones with the cholate system.

PMID- 1206507
TI  - Proceeding: An instantaneous frequency meter with numerical readout.

PMID- 1206508
TI  - Proceedings: A mounting device for short Purkinje fibres.

PMID- 1206509
TI  - Proceedings: Flow in the aorta.

PMID- 1206510
TI  - Proceedings: Textured kinetic stimuli for use in visual neurophysiology: an
      inexpensive and versatile electronic display.

PMID- 1206511
TI  - Proceedings: Resistive and capacitative loading of an isolated ejecting cat
      heart.

PMID- 1206512
TI  - Proceedings: Determination of the quantitative relationship between time varying
      work load and aortic blood flow and heart rate in the dog.

PMID- 1206513
TI  - Proceedings: Simultaneous recording of the carotid sinus dimensions and the
      baroreptor nerve in the anaesthetized dog.

PMID- 1206514
TI  - Proceedings: The spontaneous activity of cortical neurones in sleep and
      wakefulness.

PMID- 1206515
TI  - Proceedings: Possible central cholinergic mechanism for the production of
      catechol convulsions.

PMID- 1206516
TI  - Proceedings: Apparatus for recording contractile activity in Purkinje fibres and
      other contractile preparations.

PMID- 1206517
TI  - Proceedings: Control of collateral sprouting in mechanosensory nerves of
      salamander skin.

PMID- 1206518
TI  - Proceedings: A role for a descending sympatho-inhibitory pathway in the ventral
      part of the spinal cord.

PMID- 1206519
TI  - Proceedings: Hind limb vasodilatation evoked by stimulation of the motor cortex.

PMID- 1206520
TI  - Proceedings: Backward placing in intact kittens and adult cats.

PMID- 1206521
TI  - Proceedings: Synthesis of microtubule protein in rat visual cortex during early
      post-natal life in relation to eye-opening.

PMID- 1206522
TI  - Proceedings: Assessment of closure of lung units based on the pressure-volume
      curve.

PMID- 1206523
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of smooth muscle tone on intrapulmonary airway calibre.

PMID- 1206524
TI  - Proceedings: An evaluation of rebreathing techniques used in the measurement of
      cardiac output.

PMID- 1206525
TI  - Proceedings: The separate effects of alternate-breath oscillations of PA,CO2
      during hypoxia on inspiration and expiration.

PMID- 1206526
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of airway anaesthesia on the ventilatory response to CO2 in
      man.

PMID- 1206527
TI  - Proceedings: The sympathetic contribution to increase in heart rate evoked by
      cutaneous nerve stimulation in the dog.

PMID- 1206528
TI  - Proceedings: Entrainment of the human RR interval by thermal stimuli.

PMID- 1206531
TI  - Proceedings: A visuomotor tracking task for investigating movement disorders in
      humans.

PMID- 1206530
TI  - Proceedings: Changed vascular sensitivity to noradrenaline in rats trained by
      physical exercise.

PMID- 1206532
TI  - Proceedings: Right to left vascular shunts in the rat: amethod.

PMID- 1206529
TI  - Secretion of electrolytes by the pancreas of the anaestetized rat.
AB  - 1. HCO-3, Na+ and K+ concentrations were measured in bile-free pancreatic juice
      collected from fasted and fed anaesthetized rats. 2. Resting flow rates averaged
      0.62 mul. g-1 .min-1 (fasted) and 2.8 mul. g-1. min-1 (fed) and the mean HCO-3
      concentrations, respectively, were 25.8 and 33.3 mM. 3. In fasted rats,
      instillation of HCl into the duodenum caused flow rate to increase threefold and
      HCO-3 concentrations to double (66 mM). Intravenous infusion of pure natural
      (GIH) secretin caused a fivefold increase in flow rate; HCO-3 concentrations,
      again, doubled (67.5 mM). Infusion of synthetic secretin produced effects
      essentially the same as those produced by GIH secretin. 4. Infusion of Boots
      secretin caused a thirteenfold increase in flow rate (8.32 mul.g-1. min-1) but
      HCO-3 concentrations rose only slightly (43.3 mM). However, following cessation
      of infusion, when flow rate approximated the maximum obtained with pure secretin,
      the HCO-3 concentration was much higher (57.2 mM at 3.19 uml.g-1.min-1). In fed
      animals the responses were similar but maximum flow rates were greater (12 mul. g
      1. min-1). 5. Infusion of caerulein produced a secretory rate slightly less than
      with Boots secretin (5.06 mul. g-1.min-1) and HCO-3 concentrations were
      plasmalike (30.2 mM); infusion of the synthetic octapeptide of cholecystokinin
      (OP-CCK) gave similar flow rates and HCO-3 concentrations. 6. Infusion of a
      mixture of caerulein and GIH secretin mimicked closely the effect of Boots
      secretin. At maximum flow rates (7.6 mul. g-1. min-1) the HCO-3 concentration was
      43.7 mM and at lower flow rates (3.90 mul.g-1. min-1) it rose to 54.2mM. 7. It is
      concluded that the response of the rat pancreas to secretin is qualitatively
      similar to that of all other vertebrates so far studied, but, relative to other
      animals, the response is sluggish. In contrast, the rat pancreas responds well to
      cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulation, yielding a juice with plasma-like HCO-3
      concentration. Boots secretin, which is heavily contaminated with CCK, causes a
      mixed response resembling that of CCK at high secretory rates and that of pure
      secretin at lower rates. 8. An unexplained feature of rat pancreatic juice was
      that K+ concentrations, although plasma-like in unstimulated samples, rose to
      about 8mM when flow rate increases as a result of secretin, but not CCK,
      stimulation. In all other animals so far studied, the K+ concentration has been
      found to be independent of flow rate.

PMID- 1206533
TI  - Proceedings: Retinotopic organization in visual cortex and superior colliculus of
      the golden hamster.

PMID- 1206534
TI  - Proceedings: Visual signals in the cat.

PMID- 1206536
TI  - Proceedings: Response of cat visual cortical cells to kinetic contours and static
      noise.

PMID- 1206535
TI  - Functional and structural changes in mammalian sympathetic neurones following
      interruption of their axons.
AB  - The effects of interrupting the axons of principal neurones in the superior
      cervical ganglion of adult guinea-pigs were studied by means of intracellular
      recording, and light and electron microscopy. 1. Within 72 hr of axon
      interruption, the amplitude of exitatory postsynaptic potentials potentials
      (e.p.s.p.s) recorded in principal neurons in response to maximal preganglionic
      stimulation declined. E.p.s.p.s were maximally reduced (by more than 70% on
      average) 4-7 days following interruption, and failed to bring many cells to
      threshold. E.p.s.p.s. recorded in nearby neurones whose axons remained intact
      were unaffected. 2. In ganglia in which axon interruption was achieved by means
      of nerve crush (thus allowing prompt regeneration), mean e.p.s.p. amplitudes
      began to increase again after about 1-2 weeks. One month after the initial injury
      many neurones had e.p.s.p.s of normal amplitude, and by 2 months affected
      neurones were indistinguishable from control cells. Functional peripheral
      connexions were re-established during the period of synaptic recovery. 3. The
      mean number of synapses identified electron microscopically in ganglia in which
      all the major efferent branches had been crushed decreased by 65-70% in parallel
      with synaptic depression measured by intracellular recording. However synapse
      counts did not return to normal levels even after 3 months. 4. During the period
      of maximum synaptic depression, numerous abnormal profiles which contained
      accumulations of vesicular and tubular  organelles, vesicles, and mitochondria
      were observed in electron microscopic sections. Injection of horseradish
      peroxidase into affected neurones demonstrated dendritic swelling which probably
      correspond to these profiles. 5. Little or no difference was found in the
      electrical properties of normal neurones and neurones whose axons had been
      interrupted 4-7 days previously. However, the mean amplitude of spontaneously
      occurring synaptic potentials was reduced, and the amplitude distribution was
      shifted. This abnormality of the synapses which remain on affected neurones also
      contributes to synaptic depression. 6. Counts of neurones in normal and
      experimental ganglia showed that approximately half the principal cells died 1-5
      weeks after crushing the major efferent brances. This finding presumably explains
      the failure of synapse counts to return to control levels after recovery. 7. If
      axons were prevented from growing back to their target organ by chronic ligation,
      surviving neurones whose axons were enclosed by the ligature did not generally
      recover normal synaptic function. Following ligation, most affected cells died
      within a month. 8. Thus the integrity of a principal cell's axon is necessary for
      the maintenance of preganglionic synaptic contacts, and ultimately for neuronal
      survival. The basis of neuronal recovery from the effects of axon interruption
      appears to be some aspect of regeneration to the peripheral target.

PMID- 1206537
TI  - Proceedings: The application of thermography to the detection of energy
      metabolism of the brain in the new-born infant.

PMID- 1206538
TI  - Proceedings: Afferent sympathetic nerve fibres with aortic endings.

PMID- 1206539
TI  - Proceedings: Human blood platelet aggregation induced by dopamine, 5
      hydroxyptrypamine and analogues.

PMID- 1206540
TI  - Differentiation of motoneurones and skeletal muscles in kittens.
AB  - 1. Isometric contractions of the medial gastrocnemius (fast switch) and soleus
      (slow twitch) muscles were recorded in kittens ranging in age from 3 to 112 days,
      as well as in adult cats. 2. It was confirmed that the speed of contraction of
      the gastrocnemius muscle becomes progressively faster during the first few weeks
      after birth, whereas contraction times of the soleus muscle show little changes
      or a slight prolongation during the period of post-natal development. 3. The
      properties of gastrocnemius (fast alpha) and soleus (slow alpha) motoneurons were
      examined with intracellular electrodes in kittens at three different stages; 16
      20, 61-71 and 100-112 days in age. 4. The axonal conduction velocities of both
      gastrocnemius and soleus motoneurones increased monotonically throughout the
      period of development and showed no correlation with post-natal changes in
      contraction times of the innervated muscles. 5. The duration of after
      hyperpolarization in soleus motoneurones became progressively longer with age,
      while that in gastrocnemius motoneurones remained virtually unchanged during
      development. 6. The relation between the duration of after-hyperpolarization and
      the axonal conduction velocity in kitten motoneurones was similar to that
      observed in axotomized motoneurones of adult cats. 7. It is suggested that fast
      and slow alpha motoneurones show postnatal differentiation in terms of the
      duration of after-hyperpolarization and that axotomy leads to 'dedifferentiation'
      of the motoneurone properties. 8. Post-natal changes in the contractile
      properties of skeletal muscles were independent of the changes in the duration of
      after-hyperpolarization of the innervating motoneurones. However, it remains
      uncertain whether muscle differentiation is independent of the discharge pattern
      of the innervating motoneurones.

PMID- 1206541
TI  - Inhibition of thermal tachypnoea in rabbits following exposure to cold and water
      deprivation.
AB  - 1. Rabbits were clipped and exposed in turn to four environmental conditions:
      control (C), cold exposure (CE), water deprivation (WD) and water deprivation and
      cold exposure together (WD/CE). 2. Following each type of treatment, the rabbits
      were exposed for 1 hr to an ambient temperature (Ta) of 35 degrees C. During this
      time, respiratory frequency (RF), rectal temperature (Tre), activity and oxygen
      consumption (V02) were recorded. 3. It was found that under both cold exposure
      and water deprivation conditions, the mean respiratory frequency during the first
      30 min of heat exposure was reduced when compared with controls. This was
      associated with a delay in the onset of thermal tachypnoea. Under conditions of
      water deprivation and cold exposure together, the mean respiratory frequency was
      further reduced and the length of the delay was increased. 4. Previous cold
      exposure led to an increase in the V02 measured at 35 degrees C, whereas the V02,
      after water deprivation and water deprivation and cold exposure together were not
      significantly different from the control. 5. Neither the initial Tre nor the
      change in the Tre during the course of the heat exposure were significantly
      different from the controls under any of the experimental conditions. 6. It is
      concluded that both water deprivation and previous cold exposure cause a block to
      panting in the heat and that the blocking mechanisms involved are closely
      interrelated. It is also concluded that neither the metabolic rate of the animal
      nor its initial or final Tre are important factors in determing the degree to
      which thermal tachypnoea is inhibited.

PMID- 1206542
TI  - Proceedings: The visual acuity of the cat.

PMID- 1206543
TI  - Proceedings: The importance of intracerebral decarboxylation of L-DOPA in the
      suppression of prolactin secretion.

PMID- 1206544
TI  - Potassium-induced increase in oxygen consumption of brown adipose tissue from the
      rat.
AB  - 1. In brown adipose tissue, noradrenaline induces an increase in respiration and
      a depolarization of the cells. The effect of an increase in potassium
      concentration in a range known to depolarize the brown adipocytes was tested on
      the O2 consumption. 2. Isolated interscapular brown adipose tissue from the rat
      was incubated in chambers that allowed O2 consumption to be measured over
      prolonged periods. 3. 45-50 mM-KC1 were found to induce a more that fourfold
      increase in O2 consumption, which was stable, reversible and dependent upon the
      presence of calcium in the meduim. 4. When rats were pre-treated with reserpine
      or 6-hydroxydopamine the KC1-induced increase in O2 consumption was sharply
      reduced or entirely adsent. 5. The effect of KC1 was greatly inhibited by (-)
      propranolol, but not by (+)-propranolol. 6. Moderate increases in O2 consumption
      induced by low concentrations of potassium were potentiated by desipramine, a
      drug which is known to block the uptake of catecholamines by adrenergic nerve
      endings. 7. Surgical denervation caused a decrease in the catecholamine content
      of the tissue, but had no effect on the KC1 response. 8. It is concluded that in
      brown adipose tissue, potassium stimulates O2 consumption by causing a release of
      noradrenaline from nerve endings. This implies that surgical denervation as it is
      commonly performed on this tissue does not denervate the brown adipocytes but
      probably only the blood vessels.

PMID- 1206545
TI  - Proceedings: Is prolactin a fluid and electrolyte regulating hormone in man?

PMID- 1206547
TI  - Proceedings: Changes in submandibular striated ducts of cats after nerve
      stimulation or denervation.

PMID- 1206548
TI  - Proceedings: Sympathetic and sympathomimetic stimulation of parotid salivary
      secretion in sheep.

PMID- 1206546
TI  - Proceedings: Osmoreception and thirst in the dog.

PMID- 1206549
TI  - Proceedings: On the localization of humans of frequency-modulated tones.

PMID- 1206550
TI  - Proceedings: Responses of units in the cochlear nerve and nucleus of the cat to
      signals in the presence of bandstop noise.

PMID- 1206551
TI  - Proceedings: Transport of cholinergic enzymes in regerating peripheral nerve.

PMID- 1206552
TI  - Proceedings: Learned voluntary control of diastolic pressure, and circularoty
      effects of attempted muscle contraction in severely paralysed patients.

PMID- 1206553
TI  - Proceedings: Temperature-independence of total sodium flow: implications for
      theory of the active membrane.

PMID- 1206554
TI  - Proceedings: Methods used to estimate the unidirectional fluxes of sodium
      simultaneously across the mucosal and serosal borders of rabbit ileum.

PMID- 1206555
TI  - Proceedings: The after potential and the electrogenic potential in rat C nerve
      firbres.

PMID- 1206556
TI  - Proceedings: The spatial distribution of action currents in rat myelinated
      fibres.

PMID- 1206557
TI  - Proceedings: The in vivo metabolism of ]14C[histamine during
      pentagastrinstimulated acid secretion in the cat.

PMID- 1206558
TI  - Proceedings: Hyperosmolarity, calcium movements and enzyme secretion in rat
      pancreas.

PMID- 1206559
TI  - Proceedings: The involvement of protein synthesis in the actions of angiotensin
      on fluid transport by rat jejunum in vivo.

PMID- 1206560
TI  - Proceedings: Some observations upon the rate of labelling of endothelial vesicles
      by ferritin in frog mesenteric capillaries.

PMID- 1206561
TI  - Proceedings: Human motor unit contractions studied by controlled intramuscular
      microstimulation.

PMID- 1206562
TI  - Proceedings: Li+ uptake into cerebral slices and the effect of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+.

PMID- 1206563
TI  - Proceedings: A K+-like effect of Li+ on sodium transport from blood into
      cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 1206564
TI  - Proceedings: The stimulation by phosphate of ouabain binding to the soduim pump
      and its dependence on the method of preparing the membranes.

PMID- 1206565
TI  - Proceedings: Ca transport and Ca pump reversal in human red blood cells.

PMID- 1206566
TI  - Proceedings: The compartmentalization of Na within rabbit ileum: the effects of D
      galactose.

PMID- 1206567
TI  - Proceedings: An instability mechanism relevant to flow in the aorta.

PMID- 1206568
TI  - Neural systems responsible for the gastric secretion provoked by 2-deoxy-D
      glucose cytoglucopoenia.
AB  - 1. The central structures responsible for the gastrosecretory effect of
      cytoglucopoenia caused by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) were investigated in 105 cats
      prepared with chronic gastric fistulae and subjected to various experimental
      procedures. 2. Bilateral electrolytic lesion of the caudalmost two thirds of
      globus pallidus almost suppressed the secretory response and caused aphagia and
      adipsia. 3. Secretion in response to 2-DG and feeding behaviour were entirely
      blocked after making a lesion in a large ventromedial area of the meso
      diencephalic transition comprising the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, the
      ventral tegmental decussation, the red nucleus, a ventral portion of the central
      grey matter, the interstitial nuclei of Darkschewitsch and of Cajal, the pre
      rubral fields, the reticular part of substantia nigra, the internal portion of
      the cerebral peduncle and the ventral part of the mesencephalic reticular
      formation. 4. Microinjection of 2-DG in the medial forebrain bundle, at the level
      of the hypothalamus, caused intense gastric secretion, whereas the same procedure
      was totally ineffective when the caudalmost two thirds of the globus pallidus
      were stimulated. 5. Increasing doses of 2-DG, systemically injected, restored the
      secretory response in volume and acid concentration and output after
      intercollicular transection of the brain stem. After the transection, secretion
      of pepsin was only slightly increased when large doses of 2-DG were administered,
      thus suggesting a differential control of water, acid and pepsin secretion in
      response to cytoglucopoenia. 6. It is concluded that there are at least three
      reflex systems involved in gastric secretion due to cytoglucopoenia: (a) a reflex
      consisting of afferent and efferent pathways in the medial forebrain bundle area;
      (b) a reflex whose afferent side is from the hypothalamus and efferent side is
      from the globus pallidus; (c) a reflex with the afferent side probably
      originating in the liver and the efferent side in the lower brain stem. 7. The
      pathways involved in the first two arcs run along Nauta's limbic mid-brain
      circuit. The three systems are possibly related to control of secretion and
      feeding behaviour.

PMID- 1206569
TI  - Further studies on the control of ACh sensitivity by muscle activity in the rat.
AB  - 1. Denervated rat soleus muscles were stimulated directly through chronically
      implanted electrodes and the influence of different amounts and patterns of
      stimuli on the acetylcholine (ACh) sensitivity of the muscle was studied. The
      number of stimuli was varied by giving similar trains of stimuli (10 Hz for 10
      sec) at different intervals (0 to 12 hr). The pattern of stimulation was varied
      by giving different trains of stimuli (100 Hz for 1 sec, 10 Hz for 10 sec and 1
      Hz continuously) as the same average frequency of stimulation (1 Hz). 2.
      Stimulation usually started 5 days after the denervation when ACh
      hypersensitivity was fully developed. Most stimulation procedures reduced
      extrajunctional ACh sensitivity to normal or below normal values within 5-21
      days, and these levels were maintained on prolonged stimulation. 3. The rate at
      which ACh hypersensitivity disappeared increased with increasing amount and
      frequency of stimulation. However, as few as 100 stimuli given every 5-5 hr for 3
      weeks caused a tenfold reduction of sensitivity. 4. The stimulation had little or
      no effect on the ACh sensitivity at the end plate. Along the rest of the fibre
      the sensitivity was reduced at approximately the same rate except near the
      tendons where it appeared to fall more slowly in some fibres. 5. The stimulation
      restored the resting membrane potential of the denervated fibres to normal.

PMID- 1206570
TI  - Contrast constancy: deblurring in human vision by spatial frequency channels.
AB  - The perception of contrast was measured in humans by a technique of subjective
      contrast-matching, and was compared with contrast sensitivity as defined by
      threshold measures. 2. Contrast-matching between different spatial frequencies
      was performed correctly (especially at frequencies above 5 c/deg) despite the
      attenuation by optical and neural factors which cause large differences in
      contrast thresholds. 3. Contrast-matching between single lines of different
      widths was also veridical, and was not limited by the spatial integration
      (Ricco's Law) present at threshold. Adaptation to gratings altered the appearance
      of lines, and this could be best understood in Fourier terms. 4. The generality
      of these results was shown by matching the contrast of pictures which had been
      filtered so that each contained a one octave band of spatial frequencies. 5.
      Within the limits imposed by threshold and resolution, contrast-matching was
      largely independent of luminance and position on the retina. 6. Six out of eleven
      astigmatic observers showed considerable suprathreshold compensation for their
      orientation-specific neural deficit in contrast sensitivity. 7. These results
      define a new property of vision: contrast constancy. It is argued that spatial
      frequency channels in the visual cortex are organized to compensate for earlier
      attenuation. This achieves a dramatic 'deblurring' of the image, and optimizes
      the clarity of vision.

PMID- 1206571
TI  - Sensitive osmometer function of juxtaglomerular cells in vitro.
AB  - The rate of renin release from viable juxtaglomerular cells was studied during
      prolonged superfusion of isolated rat renal glomeruli with Ringer solutions of
      differing osmolarities. 2. Reduction in osmolarity from 305 to 285 m-osmole/l. by
      lowering sucrose concentration caused renin release rate to double. A rise in
      osmolarity of 30 m-osmole/l. by raising sucrose concentration halved release
      rate. 3. The response to osmolarity was graded. During the first 30 min following
      a 20 m-osmole/l. decrease in osmolarity, 1-57 +/- 0-22% (S.E. of mean) of
      cellular renin content was released; three times this amount was released with a
      decrease of 50 m-osmole/l. The effect persisted at lower release rates for 60-90
      min. 4. The juxtaglomerular cells were four to five times more sensitive to
      changes in osmolarity through sucrose than sodium chloride concentration. Changes
      in potassium chloride concentration (7-57 mM) had little effect. 5. Sodium
      chloride had no direct ionic effect on renin release outside its osmotic
      properties. 6. The findings support a previous proposal that the rate of renin
      release in vitro relates directly to the volume of the juxtaglomerular cell. The
      hypothesis is developed that a similar mechanism may underlie renin secretion in
      vivo.

PMID- 1206572
TI  - Effects of fasting and semistarvation on the kinetics of active and passive sugar
      absorption across the small intestine in vivo.
AB  - The effects of dietary restriction on the kinetics of absorption in vivo of
      glucose, galactose and alpha-methyl glucoside were assessed by electrical and
      chemical methods in the rat jejunum. 2. The 'apparent Km', maximum absorption or
      Vmax (mu-mole/10 cm. 15 min) and maximum potential difference (p.d.max) were
      obtained for the jejunal electrogenic active transfer mechanism from the transfer
      p.d.s and the chemical absorption data corrected for diffusion using various
      graphical kinetic plots. 3. Fasting for 3 days greatly decreased the 'apparent
      Kms', obtained from electrical or chemical data, for all the sugars but had no
      effect on those for L-valine or L-methionine. Semistarvation caused a less
      pronounced reduction of the 'apparent Kms' for the sugars. The dietary-induced
      change in 'apparent Km' for glucose was also observed in the fasted hamster. One
      interpretation of these changes is that the affinity of the carriers for sugars
      increases during dietary restriction; the greater the level of restriction the
      greater the increase. 4. Fasting and semistarvation caused large reductions in
      the Vmax. These reductions were correlated with a reduced enterocyte population
      estimated by changes in enterocyte column size. 5. The reduction in the Vmax for
      galactose was mainly accounted for by the decrease in enterocyte population. In
      the case of glucose, other factors such as reduced enterocyte metabolism or
      changes in the carriers must be involved to explain the discrepancy between the
      large decrease in Vmax and the enterocyte column size. 6. Fasting and semi
      starvation had complex, differential actions on the p.d.max for glucose,
      galactose and alpha-methyl glucoside. These changes did not correlate with those
      observed in the Vmax measured chemically. 7. A standard diet obtained from two
      commercial sources was found to differ greatly in its effect on the electrogenic
      transfer system for alpha-methyl glucoside but had no effect on those for
      galactose and glucose.

PMID- 1206573
TI  - Voltage-clamp analysis of transmembrane ionic currents in guinea-pig myometrium:
      evidence for an initial potassium activation triggered by calcium influx.
AB  - Voltage-clamp analysis of ionic transmembrane currents in very small strands of
      guinea-pig myometrium was carried out with a double sucrose-gap technique. It was
      found that the electrical activity, consisting of a spike followed by a long
      plateau, is controlled by, at least, four ionic conductances. (1) A fast inward
      current is responsible for the spike generation. Its low equilibrium potential
      accounts, partly, for the low amplitude of the spike. (2) The fast inward current
      is antagonized by an early outward current which occurs almost simultaneously.
      This fast outward current is blocked by TEA. Its reversal potential is about -95
      mV. A tenfold increase in the external K-concentration shifts the reversal
      potential by 50 mV. Thus, it is concluded that the initial outward current is
      carried by K+. (3) A slow current, whose reversal potential ranges from -40 to 
      10 mV, is responsible for the negative after-potential. Cl-depletion (to one
      ninth) does not modify this current while Na-depletion (to one-ninth) decreases
      its reversal potential by about 20 mV. (4) A late current which shows delayed
      rectification is elicited by long pulses. Its analysis is made difficult by the
      change mainly of the K-equilibrium potential suggesting accumulation of K+
      outside the cell membrane. (5) The availability of the inward current and of the
      slow current, determined in TEA solution, shows that both currents are half
      inactivated by a 8 mV conditioning depolarization. Using a slope factor of -2-5
      or -3 the availability curve fits the experimental values. In normal solution,
      the availability curve of the initial current appears complex in the
      hyperpolarization range. The fast outward current, which is partly inactivated at
      the resting potential, is restored by conditioning hyperpolarization and then
      antagonizes the Ca inward current more. (6) It is concluded that the fast K
      current controls the spike generation and accounts for the fast repolarization of
      the spike. The fast and transient increase in K-conductance may be the result of
      a momentary local increase in Ca concentration at the internal surface of the
      membrane.

PMID- 1206574
TI  - Interactions of rod and cone signals in the mudpuppy retina.
AB  - Interactions between rod and cone signals in mudpuppy retinal neurones were
      investigated by intracellular recording. 2. The mudpuppy retina contains one kind
      of rod (lambda max = 525 nm) and one kind of cone (lambda max = 572 nm). The
      responses of receptors can be distinguished on the basis of their spectral
      sensitivities. 3. Rod and cone responses have different time courses of recovery
      and absolute sensitivities. Differences between receptor responses can be used to
      describe inputs to interneurones. 4. There are two spectral classes of horizontal
      cells: L-type and C-type. L-type cells are hyperpolarized by rods and cones in
      varying proportion, with some cells receiving little rod input. C-type cells are
      hyperpolarized by rods and depolarized by cones. 5. Bipolar cell receptive field
      centres receive input from cones or from rods and cones. There is no correlation
      between the spectral properties of centre responses and their polarity. 6.
      Antagonistic surrounds of bipolar cells show cone or rod and cone sensitivity.
      They are believed to be generated by the L-type horizontal cells. 7. Some bipolar
      cells exhibit chromatic interactions between cone signals in the centre and rod
      signals in the surround, which resemble those observed between the signals of
      different spectral classes of cones in species known to possess colour
      discrimination. 8. Amacrine and on-off ganglion cells have L-type responses
      showing both rod and cone sensitivity. 9. It is proposed that interactions
      between rod and cone signals observed in mudpuppy also exist in primate retina
      and are at least partially responsible for certain psychophysical observations of
      rod-cone interactions.

PMID- 1206575
TI  - Loss of alpha-bungarotoxin from junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine
      receptors in rat diaphragm muscle in vivo and in organ culture.
AB  - Acetylcholine (ACh) receptors in rat diaphragm muscle were blocked by
      intrathoracic injection of alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BuTx) or [125I]alpha
      bungarotoxin ([125I]alpha-BuTx). The stability in vivo of the toxin-receptor
      complex formed by receptors in normal muscles and receptors in extrajunctional
      regions of denervated muscles was compared. Toxin was lost from junctional
      regions of normal muscles with a half-time of approximately 6 days. The loss of
      toxin was accompanied by a corresponding increase in the number of free toxin
      binding sites. In contrast, 65% of the toxin bound to extrajunctional regions of
      denervated muscle was lost in 24 hr. 2. In a second series of experiments,
      animals were injected with [125I]alpha-BuTx and the muscle subsequently cultured
      for 24 hr. Loss of toxin again occurred more rapidly from extrajunctional
      receptors than from junctional receptors. The loss from extrajunctional receptors
      was described by a single first-order rate constant whose corresponding half-time
      was 8-11 hr. Loss was almost completely blocked by sodium cyanide and
      dinitrophenol and was inhibited by puromycin and cycloheximide. The radioactivity
      recovered in the medium was largely monoiodotyrosine. These results are
      consistent with the hypothesis that toxin loss reflects intracellular degradation
      of toxin-receptor complex. 3. Neonatal rats were injected with [125I]alpha-BuTx
      and the diaphragms cultured. Radioactive toxin was lost rapidly from
      extrajunctional regions of muscle and more slowly from regions containing end
      plates. 4. These results could be explained by a difference in turnover rates for
      junctional and extrajunctional receptors.

PMID- 1206576
TI  - The stages of osmotic haemolysis.
AB  - The haemolysis of individual human erythrocytes has been observed using an
      inverted microscope and cine-camera. 2. With each permeant (glycerol, propylene
      glycol, ethylene glycol, urea and water) haemolysis is a multistage process. The
      stages are swelling, popping, reduction in volume possibly accompanied by ion
      leakage and, finally, haemoglobin leakage. 3. The classical haemolysis time (Th)
      is made up of a swelling time (Tsw) and a stress time (Tst). Tst is not
      negligible and with the faster permeants it may occupy more than 75% of the
      haemolysis time. 4. The stress time can also be divided into two parts: a K+ leak
      time (TK) during which the cell shrinks and a time (THb) during which haemoglobin
      is leaving the cell. THb occupies a substantial part of Th, from 25 to 65%, and
      is relatively longer in fast haemolysis. 5. There is a wide spread in the
      permeability coefficient to glycerol in a population of erythrocytes. The
      distribution is compatible with a Gaussian distribution. The mean permeability is
      1-79 X 10(-6) cm/sec and the S.D. is +/0 0-45 X 10(-6) cm/sec. 6. The correlation
      between haemolysis time and swelling time for individual erythrocytes is poor,
      especially for fast haemolysis. Consequently, a measure of the distribution of
      haemolysis time does not give a related distribution of the swelling time or of
      the calculated permeability for individual erythrocytes.

PMID- 1206577
TI  - Lipid A fever in cats.
AB  - In unanaesthetized cats the effect of lipid A on rectal temperature and on
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) activity in cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (c.s.f.) was
      examined. Lipid A was injected either intravenously or into the cerebral
      ventricles. 2. Lipid A injected intravenously in a dose of 1--4 mug/kg produced
      longlasting fever which was more often biphasic than monophasic. With a second
      injection a much shorter but usually hither monophasic response was produced. The
      cat was then for a time insensitive to I.V. lipid A but when the injections were
      repeated at 24 hr intervals brisk monophasic fevers were again produced. The
      threshold dose of I.V. lipid A lay between 0-1 and 0-3 mug/kg. 3. Lipid A
      injected into the cerebral ventricles in a dose of 100 ng or 1 mug produced long
      lasting monophasic fever. No tolerance developed; the same or only slightly
      diminished responses occurred on repeated injections. The threshold dose was
      between 5 and 20 ng. 4. A cat rendered insensitive to I.V. lipid A gave its
      normal fever response to injection of lipid A into the cerebral ventricles. 5.
      The fever produced by lipid A injected I.V. or into the cerebral ventricles was
      associated with the appearance of, or a rise in PGE2 activity in c.s.f. 6. Both
      the fever and the PGE2 activity in c.s.f. produced by lipid A injected
      intravenously or into the cerebral ventricles were brought down and prevented by
      I.P. injections of aspirin, paracetamol, or indomethacin.

PMID- 1206578
TI  - Influence of the insulin sensitive central nervous system glucoregulator receptor
      on hepatic glucose metabolism.
AB  - Excitation of the insulin sensitive glucoregulator receptor in the central
      nervous system (C.N.S.) causes an immediate decrease in the systemic blood sugar
      level in rats. 2. A study was made in animals that were subjected either to
      evisceration or to evisceration and functional-hepatectomy, in order to assess
      the role of the liver and pancreatic hormones in the blood sugar decrease
      following insulin injection into the carotid artery. 3. The results indicate that
      the change in the systemic blood sugar level, induced by exposing the C.N.S. to
      insulin, was effected through a direct influence of the receptor centre on
      glucose metabolism of the liver. 4. Excitation of the insulin-sensitive receptor
      in the C.N.S. regulates carbohydrate metabolism of the liver, both by inhibiting
      hepatic glucose output and by facilitating hepatic glucose uptake. 5. The data
      derived from these animal models reveal that the mode of transmission of the
      impulse from the C.N.S. region is through efferent neural pathways that directly
      influence the hepatic carbocydrate metabolism, and not through a modification of
      pancreatic hormone secretion.

PMID- 1206579
TI  - Cardiovascular and endocrine responses to feeding in the young calf.
AB  - A number of cardiovascular and endocrine responses which occur during and after
      feeding in the unweaned calf are described. 2. There was a substantial increase
      in both heart rate and mean aortic blood pressure during feeding in these
      animals. This occurred within the first few seconds and persisted throughout the
      period of ingestion. 3. The concentrations of glucose, insulin and gastrin in
      arterial plasma rose abruptly during, or immediately after, feeding and elevated
      values persisted for at least 2 hr. A transient increase in glucagon
      concentration was also observed. In contrast, feeding appeared to produce no
      immediate rise in enteroglucagon concentration. 4. The adrenal output of
      glucocorticoids rose transiently in response to feeding but that of
      catecholamines was unaffected. 5. Cardiovascular responses to feeding were also
      examined in other species. In unweaned kids the changes were essentially similar
      to those observed in the calf but were less pronounced. In lambs a persistent
      hypertension occurred which was associated with a brief initial tachycardia. In
      adult dogs ingestion of solid food also caused tachycardia but although the
      aortic blood pressure rose for a short period at the beginning of feeding,
      hypotension developed thereafter. 6. The possibility that both the cardiovascular
      and endocrine responses, which occur during or immediately after feeding, are
      mediated by the autonomic nervous system is discussed.

PMID- 1206580
TI  - The release of pancreatic glucagon and inhibition of insulin in response to
      stimulation of the sympathetic innervation.
AB  - The changes in the concentration of glucagon and insulin in arterial plasma which
      occur in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation have been investigated in
      adrenalectomized dogs, cats and sheep. 2. In dogs, stimulation of both splanchnic
      nerves at a low frequency (2-0 c/s) for 10 min produced a small but statistically
      significant increase in plasma glucagon concentration and appeared to inhibit the
      release of insulin. Stimulation at a higher frequency (10-0 c/s) produced a much
      greater increase in plasma glucagon concentration, which was normally accompanied
      by a rise in plasma glucose concentration. 3. Qualitatively similar changes in
      plasma glucagon and insulin concentration were observed in both sheep and cats in
      response to adrenergic stimulation. 4. Intramesenteric infusions of glucagon at a
      dose of 5-0 ng kg-1 min-1 in dogs produced a comparable rise in plasma glucagon
      concentration to that elicited by splanchnic nerve stimulation at high frequency
      (10-0 c/s) and invariably caused a rise in plasma glucose concentration. 5. In
      dogs given exogenous glucose, release of glucagon in response to splanchnic nerve
      stimulation was unaffected by induced hyperglycaemia. Secretion of insulin was
      partially inhibited by stimulation at 2-0 c/s and completely suppressed at higher
      frequency (10-0c/s). 6. It is concluded that stimulation of the sympathetic
      innervation to the pancreatic islets, at frequencies within thephysiological
      range, stimulates the release of glucagon and inhibits that of insulin in each of
      these species.

PMID- 1206582
TI  - Post-natal developmental changes in the length-tension relationship of cat
      papillary muscles.
AB  - The length-tension relationship and the effect of paired electrical stimulation
      were studied in right ventricular papillary muscles obtained from cats. The
      animals were divided into three age groups: neonatal kittens, less than 24 hr of
      age; infant kittens, 16--18 days of age; and adult cats. 2. The muscles were
      electrically driven to contract isometrically using field stimulation at 10--20%
      above the threshold valus. 3. At Lmax the neonatal preparations produced
      significantly less developed (active) tension than did the adult preparations.
      The resting tension at Lmax was significantly greater in the neonatal
      preparations than in the adult ones. The infant group occupied an intermediate
      position between the two other groups. 4. The response to paired electrical
      stimulation was less in the neonatal group than in either the infants or the
      adults. 5. It is concluded that post-natal developmental changes occur in the
      contractile properties of the myocardium of the cat.

PMID- 1206581
TI  - Two phases of chorda-lingual induced vasodilatation in the cat's submandibular
      gland during prolonged perfusion with Locke solution.
AB  - The effect of stimulation of the chorda-lingual nerve on the venous flow has been
      studied in cat submandibular glands perfused with Locke solution for 2-4 hr. When
      trains of pulses at 25 Hz were given for 1-5 sec, two distinct phases of
      vasodilatation were observed: a rapid initial phase of high amplitude and a
      slower developing more prolonged phase of smaller amplitude. Repeated
      stimulations did not lead to a reduction of the vasodilatory response. A close
      relationship was found between the duration and magnitude of the second phase of
      vasodilatation and the duration and magnitude of the post-stimulatory, active
      reuptake of potassium. When the active reuptake of potassium was prevented either
      by ouabain (which inhibits active transport) or by atropine (which abolishes the
      stimulation induced loss of potassium) the second phase of vasodilatation was
      severely reduced, while the initial phase remained virtually normal. It is
      concluded that the initial phase of vasodilatation probably is mediated by
      vasodilator nerve fibres. The second phase is perhaps causally related to the
      post-stimulatory, active transport of cations. An involvement of bradykinin
      formation is highly unlikely under the given experimental conditions.

PMID- 1206583
TI  - [Mauration of unitary responses to tonal stimulation in the cochlear nerve of the
      kitten].
AB  - The maturation of single auditory nerve fiber responses to long-duration (500 ms)
      tone-bursts was studied in kittens at various stages after birth. Spike
      discharges were examined as a function of three criteria. 10 Latency. Mean value
      of the "on" peak latency was about 25 ms at 1 to 3 days after birth. It then
      regressed, reaching 8 to 12 ms at the end of the first week, and 2 to 4 ms at 20
      days. 20 Peristimulus histograms (PSTH). Evolution of PSTH revealed the
      characteristic sequence of unit reactivity to long duration stimuli (i.e. on,
      rhythmic, and continuous responses). Rhythmic responses is assumed up to now to
      be related to the immaturity of synaptic junctions below the hair cells. 30
      interval histograms. The interspike interval histograms of the discharges showed
      a similar evolution. A bimodal distribution corresponding to the rhythmic mode of
      reactivity, appeared at the end of the first week.

PMID- 1206584
TI  - [Influence of eating modalities on water intake in dog (author's transl)].
AB  - Food and water intake of a dog which had free access to water were studied in
      three experimental circumstances: 1) Food given ad libitum. 2) Food given at
      fixed hours. 3) Food deprivation for four days followed by resumption of food
      intake. A) The results indicate the water intake follows a pattern, the profile,
      range and duration of which can be modified within 24 hrs. In spite of
      modifications related to food intake, a typical profile remains which suggests
      that water is taken according to a program which is at least partly indepdent of
      food intake. B) Under experimental condition 1, food and water intake were weakly
      related, probably revealing an acquired relationship between the meal weight and
      the water intake which immediately precedes and follows food intake. The
      correlation was strengthened when the dog was forced to eat only once a day
      (observation 2). On the contrary, after a period of starvation (observation 3)
      the previous relationship between meal weight and water intake lessens and others
      appear which suggest the action of direct mechanisms of shortage compensation as
      far as water and food are concerned.

PMID- 1206585
TI  - [Intrarenal distribution of calcium and magnesium in the dog. Effect of an
      osmotic diuresis (author's transl)].
AB  - 1 The determination of Na, Ca, Mg, and K concentrations was performed in four
      different regions of the dog kidney (cortex, outer medulla, inner medulla, and
      papilla) during antidiuresis and during an osmotic diuresis. 2 The results show a
      medullary concentration gradient for calcium. This gradient is much higher than
      that found for sodium. 3 An inverse concentration gradient from cortex to inner
      medulla for Mg and K is found. 4 An osmotic diuresis (hypertonic mannitol)
      decreases the corticomedullary gradient of Na, but does not alter significantly
      the intrarenal distribution of Ca, Mg and K. 5 These results consistent with an
      intracellular localization of Mg and K in the renal tissue. It is suggested that
      the medullary concentration gradient for Ca may be due either to a countercurrent
      multiplier system similar to that for Na, or to a higher tissular fixation of Ca
      in the inner medulla and papilla than in the outer medulla and cortex.

PMID- 1206586
TI  - [Electroencephalographic study of the eel (author's transl)].
AB  - 1 This paper describes a method for electroencephalographic recording from
      unanesthetized and unraistrained european eels (Anguilla anguilla L.). 2 EEG's
      records from the cerebellum, tectum opticum, telencephalon and olfactory bulb of
      the eel are compared with other fish previously studied by other authors. 3
      Averaged evoked visual potentials from the telencephalon, tectum opticum and
      cerebellum are presented. 4 This study provides a reference point for future
      research on fish vigilance depth and EEG changes associated with modified
      environmental factors.

PMID- 1206587
TI  - [Vascular responses to tilting in paraplegic subject compared to normal (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 1 Vascular tone is higher in paraplegics than in normals, both in capacitance and
      resistance vessels. This is possibly correlated with the increase in circulating
      catecholamines which has recently been reported. 2 Tilting at 30 degrees from
      horizontal induces a hydrostatic increase in transmural pressure in the affected
      vascular bed. This pressure change causes:  an initial decrease in resistance,
      followed by a progressive increase which can be explained by the Bayliss reflex.
      The time sequence and amplitude of the responses are comparable for normal and
      paraplegic subjects; an increase in vascular tone of the capacitance vessels
      (increase in venous pressure, decrease in local blood volume). This response was
      constantly observed in paraplegic subjects and was absent or weak in normal
      subjects. 3 In conclusion, reflex changes in vascular tone due to upright posture
      persist after traumatic section of the spinal chord. Orthostatic hypotension and
      blood pooling in the lower limbs in paraplegic subjects is probably due primarly
      to a deficit of the pumping action of the leg muscles.

PMID- 1206588
TI  - [Topography of stimulation sites with aversive effects in the rat's medial
      hypothalamus (author's transl)].
AB  - The intensity of the aversive effects induced by an electrical stimulation of
      various sites in the rat's medial hypothalamus was evaluated through analysing
      the relation between stimulation intensity and the induced switch-off responses.
      Series of "hot points" were found in both the ventro-medial and the dorso-medial
      nuclei. Stimulation sites with less marked aversive effects were found in a
      periventricular region.

PMID- 1206589
TI  - [Effect of cortisol on the cellular proliferation and maturation in the cerebrum
      and the cerebellum of the rat: Importance of the age of the animals at the
      beginning of treatment].
AB  - Young rats were given either a single subcutaneous injection (1 mg at 0, 1, 4 or
      8 days), or four consecutive daily injections (0.2 mg/day between 0 and 3 days;
      0.4 mg/day between 4 and 7 days; 0.6 mg/day between 8 and 11 days) of cortisol
      acetate in order to test the influence of age on the action of corticosteroids on
      the biochemical maturation of the cerebrum and cerebellum in terms of their DNA,
      RNA, and protein contents. The results showed that: 1 The diminution of the DNA
      content at 35 days was greater in the cerebellum (- 16 to - 32%) than in the
      cerebrum (- 9 to 20%); the DNA content of the cerebrum was more affected by
      treatment at birth, whereas that of the cerebellum was more affected by the
      delayed treatments. Results were different when expressed in terms of reduction
      of the normal increase: the gain of DNA decreased more in the cerebrum (-70%)
      than in the cerebellum (-40%); but the most delayed treatment induced a greater
      effect in both organs. These abnormalities were not always accompanied by a
      significant decrease of the body weight. 2 Generally, the treatments led to an
      increase of the mean cell territory, expressed either in terms of decrease of the
      DNA concentration, or in terms of increase of the organ weight/DNA ratio.
      Moreover, the increase of the RNA/DNA and the protein/DNA ratios constituted an
      indication of an accelerated cellular maturation.

PMID- 1206590
TI  - [Pulmonary stretch receptors activity during thermal polypnea (author's transl)].
AB  - 1 We have studied the unit activity of 88 pulmonary stretch receptors (RPI) in
      the vagus nerve of the cat by using the single fibre technique. 2 In spite of a
      38% decrease in tidal volume, the discharge frequency of RPI is statistically
      unchanged during polypnea, However, RPI are recruited earlier, but their
      discharge overlaps expiration. 3 Individual influences of tidal volume,
      temperature, and FACO2 on RPI activities are tested. During polypnea, the
      excitatory influences of hyperthermia and hypocapnia act against the depressing
      action of tidal volume reduction: RPI are still active. 4 During polypnea,
      respiratory rhythm and tidal volume are unchanged after bivagotomy. RPI activity
      seems functionally insignificant. This result suggests that the thermally induced
      respiratory response is mediated by structures in the upper brain stem (probably
      the preoptic anterior hypothalamus) and is not dependent on the integrity of the
      vagus nerve.

PMID- 1206591
TI  - [A method for real time separation of multiple unit action potentials from intact
      nerves (author's transl)].
AB  - 1 A method is described for on line separation and classification of individual
      action potentials from multi unit extracellular recordings from intact nerves.  2
      this method is based on the simultaneous determination of several of the features
      of each action potential, especially their form and velocity. 3 provided that
      only a few conditions are fulfilled, each of the action potentials can be
      recognized, and the recognition work is achieved at the time of the generation of
      the action potentials. 4 The prerequisite conditions are the following: the nerve
      diameter should not exceed a few tenths of a millimeter. The nervous filament
      must be carefully dissected from the surrounding tissue. The overall frequency of
      the action potentials should not exceed 1000 spikes/sec.

PMID- 1206592
TI  - [A comparison of the behavioral response of the field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus
      L.) to a 24 hour fast as measured by actograph or in a cage].
AB  - 1. The "general activity" of Apodemus Sylvaticus L. has been recorded and
      analysed using two techniques: a) in an actograph, several components of the
      "general activity" have been recorded and quantified over 24 hours, including
      wheel running, locomotion in various areas of the enclosure, nest occupancy,
      drinking, eating and hoarding; b) in a breeding cage, ten times smaller than the
      actograph and where the possibilities of locomotion are considerably reduced, the
      wheel running only has been recorded. In these two situations, we have compared
      the effects of a food deprivation for 24 hours. 2. In the actograph, starvation
      increases the general locomotion in the enclosure without detectable changes in
      wheel running. On the other hand, in the breeding cage, wheel running is somewhat
      increased. 3. Refeeding results in decreased wheel running under both
      experimental conditions, and restores general locomotion in the actograph to the
      predeprivation level. 4. These results are discussed in view of the current
      literature. The apparent disagreement between our results and those of other
      workers is attributed to the fact that the latter used experimental conditions
      where the measured response was predetermined by the lack of choice in expressed
      responses which were offered to the animal. Consequently, we suggest that the
      interpretation of such experiments can be improved by allowing a choice of
      possible behavioural response and that each of them should be recorded
      separately.

PMID- 1206593
TI  - [Comparison of the effects of anosmia induced by either peripheral lesion or
      bulbectomy upon the feeding pattern of the rat (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to support the contention that the feeding pattern seen after olfactory
      bulb removal is due to a sensory loss, the feeding pattern of rats was studied
      after a peripheral chemical lesion of the olfactory mucosa. A conditioned smell
      aversion procedure was used to assess the occurence and duration of anosmia after
      the topical application of zinc sulfate to the olfactory mucosa. It was found
      that the sensory deficit induced by the peripheral lesion lasted from four to six
      days. The occurrence of the disrupted feeding pattern in the peripherally
      lesioned rats coincided in time with the short period of anosmia. Thus, the
      disruption of the feeding pattern after bulbectomy and after lesions of the
      central olfactory pathways is clearly the result of anosmia and not of the loss
      of other non-sensory functions of the olfactory bulbs.

PMID- 1206594
TI  - [Level of oxytocin release induced by vaginal dilatation (Ferguson reflex) and
      vagal stimulation (vago-pituitary reflex) in lactating rats (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. Vaginal dilatation for 30 seconds caused a rapid and brief increase in
      intramammary pressure which was equivalent to that evoked by 160 muU of oxytocin
      (Syntocinon) injected intravenously. 2. The rise in mammary pressure induced by
      the stimulation of the central end of a severed vagus nerve for 30 seconds (5 V,
      0,5 ms, 50 HZ) was similar to the response obtained with an intravenous injection
      of 360 muU of oxytocin. 3. The vago-pituitary reflex leads to the liberation of
      large amounts of antidiuretic hormone which does not interfere with the effect of
      oxytocin on the mammary gland, since dexamethasone phosphate prevented the
      vasopressor effect without significantly affecting the increase in intramammary
      pressure.

PMID- 1206595
TI  - [Muscular blood flow in human highlanders and in lowlanders living at altitude (3
      800 m) (author's transl)].
AB  - Muscular blood flow (MBF) was measured in the tibialis anteiror muscle by the
      133Xe washout technique. Measurements were made in lowlanders at sea level, in
      native highlanders at 3 800 m and in lowlanders who had been living at this
      altitude for less than 6 months. At rest and during exercise, MBF is smaller in
      highlanders and in the high altitude visitors than in lowlanders. If, instead of
      total blood flow, the red cell flow is calculated (by multiplying MBF by the
      haematocrit) these differences are no longer significant at rest and are
      minimized during exercice. These results are consistent with reduction of cardiac
      output and blood supply to other regions in subjects who are acclimatized to
      altitude.

PMID- 1206596
TI  - [Total cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits. Techniques and the effect of pulsatile
      perfusion pressure on hemodynamic parameters].
AB  - Fifty-two total cardiopulmonary bypasses (CA) have been performed in rabbits in
      order to obtain a stable preparation. The present paper deals with techniques and
      haemodynamic results. 1. Two kinds of priming solution have been used. Best
      results were obtained by using Ringer-lactate-gelatin (65 ml) and T.H.A.M. (5
      ml). 2. Pulsatile arterial perfusion was performed either at uniform frequency
      (series A:10 experiments) or in accordance with the arterial mechanical resonance
      frequency of each animal (series B: experiments). The later setting resulted in
      better levels of maximal arterial pressure throughout the experiments (p less
      than 0,001). 3. The perfusion pressure flows (integrated at minute intervals),
      and total peripheral resistances, were studied on two groups of 4 animals each,
      A' and B' forming a part of A and B respectively. The flows were higher in B'
      after 5 min of CA (p less than 0,001), and after 40 min of CA (p less than
      0,025); the flow increased during the experiment in group A' but remained in a
      steady state in group B'. The differences in total peripheral resistances were
      not statistically significant after 5 min of CA, but were smaller in A' after 40
      min of CA (p less than or equal to 0,025); the difference in the variation of
      total peripheral resistances was statistically significant (p less than 0,025).

PMID- 1206597
TI  - [Recent data on mechanisms of urine concentration and dilution].

PMID- 1206598
TI  - Critical assessment of efficacy of treatment and a scoring method for severity of
      tetanus.

PMID- 1206599
TI  - Mycological study of 768 cases of dermatomycosis.

PMID- 1206600
TI  - Combination of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim (cotrimoxazole) in the
      treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.

PMID- 1206601
TI  - Cepahlexin in respiratory tract infections.

PMID- 1206602
TI  - Use of bufexamac suppositories in rectal conditions.

PMID- 1206603
TI  - Multiple choice examination in psychiatry: a comparative study with other
      examination systems.

PMID- 1206604
TI  - Plasmacytomas of gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1206605
TI  - Cylindroma--recurrence in post-operative fibrosis (a case report).

PMID- 1206606
TI  - Eliminating self-defeating behaviors and change in locus of control.
AB  - This study investigated changes in locus of control occurring among participants
      in a workshop designed to eliminate self-defeating behaviors. Experimental (n =
      18) and control (n = 18) groups were composed of male and female university
      students. An analysis of covariance indicated that the treatment group moved
      significantly more than the control group (p less than .001) on the Rotter I-E
      Scale, and movement was in the anticipated direction, toward greater internal
      control. The increased internal control was maintained in a follow-up
      administration of the I-E Scale four months later. It was concluded that the
      workshop brought relatively stable changes toward greater perceived internal
      control. Implications were discussed.

PMID- 1206607
TI  - Sex differences in the comprehension of spatial orientation.
AB  - This research examined effects of instruction upon acquisition of Piaget's
      concept of horizontality and determined sex differences related to this
      acquisition. Hypotheses tested were that there are no significant differences (a)
      in performance on perception and prediction tasks, (b) by sex in the ability to
      comprehend horizontality, (c) by sex in the stage of development after
      instruction, and (d) by sex after instruction on the number of correct responses
      on horizontal tasks. Subjects were 18 male and 17 female rural, public school
      pupils ranging in age from 8 years, 0 months to 9 years, 11 months. Test
      instruments were a cylindrical bottle half-filled with colored water and eight
      pictures of bottles positioned at angles from 0 to 315 degrees at increments of
      45 degrees. Chi square tests indicated that males performed significantly better
      than females on perception and prediction, and that instruction significantly
      improved male performance on prediction and female performance on prediction and
      perception. It was concluded that females, if given instruction, could more
      closely approximate the performance of males on the horizontal water level task.

PMID- 1206608
TI  - Slope of gradients for performance as a function of achievement motive, goal
      distance in time, and future time orientation.
AB  - It was predicted that (a) individuals high in motivation to approach success and
      low in motivation to avoid failure (approach-oriented) would increase their
      performance and (b) those with the opposite motivation constellation (avoidance
      oriented) would decrease their amount of performance as a distant future
      achievement task (goal) approached in time. Furhter, it was assumed that
      individuals high in future time orientation (FTO) would perceive a distant future
      event (goal) as nearer in time than those who are low in FTO. This implies the
      hypotheses that (c) the slope of the positive goal gradient is steeper for those
      of the approach-oriented individuals who are low in FTO as compared with those
      who are high in FTO, and (d) the slope of the negative goal gradient is steeper
      for those of the avodiance-oriented individuals who are low in FTO as compared
      with those who are high in FTO. The results, based on 379 boys and girls (about
      12 years old), supported hypotheses a and d, and left also some indications that
      supported hypotheses b and c.

PMID- 1206609
TI  - Trends in powerlessness: a ten year follow-up.
AB  - This experiment tested the hypothesis that there would be a significant increase
      in powerlessness scores over a 10 year period. The sample was drawn from a
      population of college students originally tested in 1964. At the 10 year follow
      up, all Ss had graduated from college and were either professionally employed
      (mostly as teachers) or engaged in child-rearing/home activities. The average age
      of the 1974 sample was 29 years and consisted of 70 females and 30 males. The
      test instrument was the adult version of Rotter's Internal-External (I-E) Locus
      of Control Scale which consists of 23 forced-choice items. There were no
      significant differences on total I-E scores over the 10 year period. However,
      with use of the Mirels two-factor scoring system, significant increases in social
      political control were found. No significant differences in personal control were
      found. It was concluded that care should be taken in utilizing cross-sectional
      findings and that utilizing multidimensional scores suggests different results
      for previously published reports.

PMID- 1206610
TI  - Problem-solving training groups for hospitalized psychiatric patients.
AB  - Small groups lasting eight sessions each and aimed at improving patient's
      interpersonal problem-solving skills were conducted for a total of 41
      hospitalized psychiatric patients. Forty control patients received the same pre
      and posttests but notraining. Twenty-three patients participated in play-reading
      groups without problem-solving training (placebo condition). Three separate 3 by
      2 repeated measures analyses of variance showed that hospitalization alone
      improved the patient's functioning on the criterion test of problem-solving, but
      the problem-solving training groups advanced the improvement significantly. More
      disturbed patients made only slightly greater gains than less disturbed ones. The
      hospital stay was significantly shorter for the experimental and the placebo
      groups than for the control sample.

PMID- 1206611
TI  - Modification through modeling and reinforcement in leaderless groups.
AB  - This study compared the effects of modeling plus reinforcement (MR),
      reinforcement alone (R), and demand characteristics (D) on individual verbal
      output in a leaderless group discussion. Seventy-two male and female volunteers
      from undergraduate psychology courses (mean age 20.7 years) were assigned to
      three-person groups in the three conditions and participated in two 10 minute
      discussions. Ss who spoke the least in the first discussion were chosen as target
      persons (TPs). TPs in the R condition were reinforced for talking and punished
      for silence. TPs in the MR condition received the same treatment but were also
      exposed to a leadership modeling film. TPs in the D condition received no
      reinforcement, but were encouraged to become the group's leader. All conditions
      showed increases in verbral output, but the MR was superior to both the R (p less
      than .05) and D (p less than .01) conditions. The results were interpreted as
      consistent with Bandura's mediational theory of modeling.

PMID- 1206612
TI  - The relationship of personality traits as measured in the questionnaire medium
      and by self-ratings.
AB  - The general purpose of the study was to determine (a)whether individuals tend to
      have an accurate perception of their personality, and (b)the manner in which an
      individual's personality (as measured by a personality questionnaire) affects
      self-ratings on the same traits. The Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (CAQ), Part
      1, was administered to 98 males and female undergraduates. One week later, Ss
      were asked to self-rate themselves on the 16 personality traits measures by the
      CAQ, using a modified version of the 16PF Test Profile. High correlations between
      measured and self-ratings indicated that the instruments were measuring similar,
      but not identical, traits. Following a factor analysis of the intercorrelations,
      12 factors were identified, representing the interrelationship between perception
      of self and measured personality traits.

PMID- 1206613
TI  - The effects of instructions on self-disclosure.
AB  - In a study of the effects that instructions have on self-disclosure, two groups
      of male and female college students (N = 120) were asked to select items for
      discussion with a same sexed stranger under one of two sets of instructions: (a)
      Ss were asked to select items that they were interested in discussing or (b) Ss
      selected items they were willing to discuss. Results indicated that changing one
      word from "interested" to "willing" produced significantly higher potential
      disclosures in all Ss from low to high disclosers.

PMID- 1206614
TI  - Mood and helping.
AB  - In order to test (a) whether helping someone puts the helper in a better mood and
      (b) whether people in a good mood are more likely than controls to help with a
      task maintaining their positive mood but no more likely to help with a task
      leading to a negative mood, 80 female undergraduates participated in a study in
      which they (a) had an interaction with a confederate (C) designed to put them in
      a good or neutral mood, (b) rated their mood, (c) rated some neutral pictures,
      and (d) were requested to rate some potentially elating or depressing pictures.
      Ss who were induced to help C or who were given candy by her rated themselves as
      feeling nicer than these having a more neutral interaction. Neither their
      interaction with C, the type of pictures they were ased to rate, nor their self
      reported mood, with the exception of happiness, was significantly associated with
      number of pictures rated or time spent helping. Those rating the depressing
      pictures became more depressed than those rating the cheerful pictures. It was
      suggested that the lack of significant findings might be due either to the fact
      that the effect of a good mood on helping declines over time or to the fact that
      rating pictures was so enjoyable that it was not considered altruistic.

PMID- 1206615
TI  - Racial prejudice, belief similarity, and human aggression.
AB  - Out of 66 undergraduates administered a scale designed to measure racial
      prejudice, 16 male Caucasians scoring above the median and 16 male Caucasians
      scoring below the median later interacted in a competition situation with an
      attitudinally similar or an attitudinally dissimilar black stimulus person. The
      competition situation was such that the Ss had the opportunity to aggress against
      their opponent using electric shock. The results indicated that highly prejudiced
      attitudes were related to high aggression scores. It was also observed that the
      attitudinal similarity variable interacted with the prejudice variable during the
      initial stages of the aggressive interaction.

PMID- 1206617
TI  - The indication of sexual and aggressive similarities through humor appreciation.
AB  - Freudian theory and subsequent research indicate a connection between sexual and
      aggressive motivation. The present study investigated this proposed connection by
      examining humor preferences during an induced aggressive mood. Appreciation of
      neutral, sexual, and aggressive humor was examined under conditions of aggression
      arousal. A total of 90 male and 90 female university students participated in one
      of two 2 X 3 factorial designs that crossed arousal with humor type. Ss in
      arousal conditions rated all humor as funnier than Ss in neutral conditions, and
      sexual humor was rated as being funniest. Males and females showed complex
      significant differences in humor preferences.

PMID- 1206616
TI  - The effect of increased information upon community perception of ex-mental
      patients.
AB  - Data are presented for 30 suburban homeowners, which suggest they respond
      differentially to three levels of severity when rating the concept ex-mental
      patients via the semantic differential technique after having been given
      descriptive information about typical symptoms and behaviors. This finding
      contrasts with those from a previous study of similar suburbanites which
      indicated nonindividuation among severity of illness levels under minimal
      information conditions. A more favorable perception of mildly ill ex-mental
      patients resulted from the exposure to more information.

PMID- 1206619
TI  - The anterior maxillary osteotomy.

PMID- 1206618
TI  - Response bias and physiological reactivity.
AB  - Sixteen Ss were selected from a group of 30 adult males for low and high levels
      of physiological reactivity, as defined by several measures of electrodermal
      activity (EDA). They were subsequently tested on two occasions on a tone
      discrimination task in which confidence ratings were required. High EDA Ss
      discriminated a significantly greater number of tones, but this apparent
      superiority was not due to their superior sensitivity, but to a greater bias
      towards responding positively to signals. The results were discussed in relation
      to possible mechanisms mediating individual differences in response bias and
      physiological reactivity.

PMID- 1206620
TI  - Composite odontome: case report.

PMID- 1206622
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of semen abnormalities and Herpesvirus associated with
      cultured testicular cells from domestic turkeys.
AB  - Abnormal cells and macrophages found in white and yellow turkey semen were
      studied by electron microscopy. Yellow semen contained many abnormal cells, most
      of which were large and round or smaller and ellipsoidal. It was concluded that
      they were aberrant spermatids, with differentiation being more complete in the
      smaller cells. Only a few cells of the smaller type were detected in normal white
      semen. Macrophages were occasionally seen in white semen but were numerous in
      yellow semen. Phagocytic vacuoles of these cells contained structural elements of
      spermatozoa and abnormal spermatids. Virus particles were not detected in any of
      the seminal cells observed. Ultrastructure studies of cultured testicular cells
      obtained from several of the turkeys examined showed the presence of intranuclear
      Herpesvirus particles in germinal cells. Macrophages from the testicular cultures
      seldom were seen with intranuclear Herpesvirus, although these cells commonly
      were found with Herpesvirus particles and cellular debris contained within
      phagocytic vacuoles.

PMID- 1206621
TI  - The effects of HCG, indomethacin, flufenamic acid and aspirin in the immature
      female rat.
AB  - Immature female rats (21 to 23 days old, 35 to 45 g) were injected subcutaneously
      with 2-5 i. u. HCG 18 hr before autopsy. Ovaries and uteri were removed; wet
      weight, dry weight and uterine protein content were determined. Ovarian and
      uterine weights, ovarian blood volume and uterine protein content were increased
      after HCG treatment. When immature female rats were pretreated with indomethacin,
      flufenamic acid or aspirin, the ovarian effects of HCG were inhibited: only
      slight increases in ovarian weight and blood volume were observed. Indomethacin
      attenuated the increases in uterine weight, and protein content, but neither
      flufenamic acid nor aspirin were effective in inhibiting these responses. The
      possible role of prostaglandins and of oestrogen as mediators of these responses
      is discussed.

PMID- 1206623
TI  - Neurophpophysial hormones and the emission of semen in rabbits.
AB  - To elucidate the importance of the neurohypophysial hormones for the emission of
      semen, several neurohypophysial peptides were tested in male rabbits and the
      sperm density in the ejaculates was determined. Besides oxytocin and vasopressin,
      vasotocin and one oxytocin analogue (de-amino1-oxytocin) were used. Only
      vasopressin, in a dose as low as 10 mU, increased the number of spermatozoa in
      the ejaculates. It is suggested that vasopressin is of physiological significance
      for the emission of semen, at least in rabbits.

PMID- 1206624
TI  - The seminiferous tubules in dasyurid marsupials.
AB  - The morphology of the seminiferous tubules of dasyurid marsupials has been
      investigated in seven species. The tubules are large in diameter, ranging from 0
      36 to 0-52 mm, and the total length of the tubules in the testis is small (less
      than 1 m). In dissected testes, most tubules were found to be in the form of
      simple loops and the number of loops ranged from one to four. Each loop had two
      openings into the duct draining the testis. There was only a single duct from the
      testis in the dasyurids examined. The large diameter, simple form and low number
      of tubules in the testis of these dasyurid marsupials make them unique among
      mammals which have been studied in this respect.

PMID- 1206625
TI  - Methods of measuring swimming speed of spermatozoa.
AB  - Three basic approaches for determining the mean swimming speed of a suspension of
      microorganisms were compared, using bull and ram spermatozoa. Number fluctuation
      counting was performed automatically on a Quantimet 720 image analysing computer,
      the mean speed being obtained using 'probability after' statistics. The other two
      approaches were photomicrographic: number flux counting was performed on single
      photomicrographs; on the same photomicrographs, the mean speed was estimated from
      measurement of 'whole' and 'half' track lengths. These results were compared with
      each other and with the Quantimet results. The 'probability after' method was
      also compared, on additional samples, with cine-photomicrographic tracking. The
      mean speeds predicted by the 'probability after' method compared favourably with
      the other methods (range 68 mum/sec to 162 mum/sec). The results also suggested
      that, on single photomicrographs, measurement of 'half' track lengths or number
      flux counting were generally preferable to measurement of whole track lengths.

PMID- 1206626
TI  - The effects of nutrition on the reproductive performance of Finn x Dorset ewes.
      I. Plasma progesterone and LH concentrations during late pregnancy.
AB  - Progesterone and LH concentrations were measured in the plasma of blood samples
      taken from forty-eight pregnant ewes on Days 100, 120 and 134 of gestation. The
      ewes, in two groups of twenty-four were maintained from Day 100 until parturition
      on two planes of nutrition which supplied daily energy and protein intakes of
      about 4-1 or 2-3 Mcal metabolizable energy and either 192 or 111 g digestible
      crude protein per ewe. Within the groups, the ewes carried one, two or three
      fetuses and the feed intake was adjusted according to litter size to produce a
      uniform nutritional state within the group. On Day 100, litter size affected the
      concentration of plasma progesterone (P less than 0-001), but had no effect on
      Days 120 or 134 when the ewes were fed according to litter size. The low feed
      intake however caused a significant increase in plasma progesterone
      concentrations. The LH concentrations showed no major changes during late
      pregnancy and no effect of nutrition or little size on the plasma hormone
      concentration was observed. It was concluded that the effect of litter size on
      plasma progesterone concentration recorded on Day 100 or gestation was partly
      mediated by level of nutrition.

PMID- 1206627
TI  - The effects of nutrition on the reproductive performance of Finn x Dorset ewes.
      II. Post-partum ovarian activity, conception and the plasma concentration of
      progesterone and LH.
AB  - After lambing forty-five ewes were allocated to three groups, two of sixteen and
      one of thirteen ewes. The lambs of the two groups of sixteen ewes were weaned on
      Day 1 after lambing and the ewes were fed a diet of 100% (Group H) or 50% (Group
      R) of maintenance energy requirements. The thirteen ewes in the third group
      (Group L) suckled twin lambs and were fed freely. During the first 3 weeks after
      lambing, oestrus was observed for 11/16 (Group H) and 8/16 (Group R) ewes; of the
      ewes which had shown oestrus in the two groups, ovulation occurred in 5/8 and 5/7
      respectively. Only 1/13 Group-L ewes showed oestrus and ovulated during the same
      period. The mean plasma concentrations of progesterone and LH were unaffected by
      the treatments and were around 0-4 and 1-5 ng/ml, respectively. Restricted
      feeding had no effect on oestrus, ovulation or the hormone levels during the
      oestrus cycle following synchronization. The onset of oestrus and the start of
      the preovulatory discharge of LH were 3 and 6 hr later, respectively, in the
      lactating ewes (Group L) than in those in Groups H and R. Ewes in Group L also
      had a higher ovulation rate, 2-8 +/- 0-2 versus 2-1 +/- 0-2 (P less than 0-05).
      Restricted feeding reduced the number of ewes lambing; only 1/11 ewes in Group R,
      considered to have conceived because of the presence of high progesterone levels
      17 days after mating, subsequently lambed compared with 6/12 in Group H and 5/9
      in Group L.

PMID- 1206629
TI  - The frequency of aneuploidy in the secondary spermatocytes of normal and
      Robertsonian translocation-carrying rams.
AB  - A detailed analysis was made of the chromosomes in 1008 M II figures from three
      different types of heterozygous Robertsonian translocation-carrying rams
      (53,xy,t1; 53,xy,t3) and 225 M II figures from homozygous Robertsonian
      translocation-carrying rams (52,xy,t1t1; 52,xy,t3t3) and rams of normal karotype
      (54,xy). No hypermodal cells were recorded in either the normal or the homozygous
      rams, but from 4-5% to 9-2% of M II cells from the heterozygous rams were
      hypermodal. The heterozygous rams also produced a significantly higher level of
      hypomodal cells suggesting that, in addition to non-disjunction, lagging at
      anaphase I may have occurred. There were also distinct differences in M II
      aneuploid spermatocyte frequency between heterozygous versus normal and
      homozygous rams. Fewer balanced translocation X-carrying M II cells were recorded
      than expected in three of the four 53,xy,t2 rams. This coincides with mating data
      which suggest that 26,x,t2 gametes may occur less frequently than expected. Since
      ewes of normal karotype mated to 53,xy,t rams conceive to first service at a rate
      equal to or better than normal mating groups, and because no blastocysts with
      unbalanced karotypes associated with the t1 translocation have been recorded, it
      is suggested that only euploid spermatozoa are involved in fertilization. In the
      sheep, aneuploid spermatocytes probably degenerate before sperm maturation.

PMID- 1206628
TI  - Abortifacient effects of Vibrio cholerae exo-enterotoxin and endotoxin in mice.
AB  - To study antifertility properties of microbial toxins, exoenterotoxin and
      endotoxin from Vibrio cholerae were injected intravenously into mice at different
      times during pregnancy. The two substances induced termination of pregnancy, but
      the patterns of abortifacient activity were different. Exotoxin terminated
      pregnancy in mice when administered between Days 4 and 10 of gestation, but
      abortifacient activity was reduced in animals more than 10 days pregnant;
      exogenous progesterone did not protect the pregnancies. Endotoxin was most
      effective in terminating pregnancy when injected after mid-gestation and the
      active principle was heat-stable; exogenous progesterone was not able to prevent
      the effects of endotoxin. Animals treated with endotoxin on Day 17 often gave
      birth to live young prematurely; indomethacin reduced the incidence of premature
      littering. The results demonstrate that exo- and endotoxins have antifertility
      properties and both appear to act on intrauterine targets rather than inducing
      progestin deficiency.

PMID- 1206630
TI  - The fine structure of the human endometrial ciliated cell.
AB  - Sixty-eight histologically normal specimens from all stages of the menstrual
      cycle were examined during an ultrastructural study of the human endometrial
      ciliated cell. The 'clear' ciliated cells found initially were seen to become at
      first dense and then secretory. These changes are advanced as an explanation to
      account for the previously observed reduction in frequency of the ciliated cell
      during the luteal phase. The possibility of an hormonal control mechanism is
      discussed.

PMID- 1206631
TI  - Effects of maternal blood loss on embryonic and placental development in the rat.
AB  - The effects of acute loss of maternal blood on embryonic and placental
      development was examined in 50 rats on Days 8 or 9 of gestation. Blood was
      withdrawn from conscious, cannulated rats over a 1-min period at 1-0 or 2-0
      ml/100 g body weight. These degrees of blood loss were expected to produce a mild
      (about 50%) and severe (about 80%) reduction in uterine blood flow, respectively,
      for at least 15 min. There was no evidence that loss of blood affected either
      fetal survival and malformation rates or fetal weights and sex ratios. The
      anaemia resulting from haemorrhage lasted no longer than 6 days. Placental
      weights were 11% higher in rats losing 2-0 ml blood/100 g than in controls (P
      less than 0-05). It appears that the 8- or 9- day rat embryo is highly resistant
      to the partial reduction in uterine blood flow, maternal anaemia and other
      possible challenges induced by maternal loss of blood at levels sufficient to
      affect the mothers.

PMID- 1206632
TI  - Effect of the blastocyst on a uterine amino acid arylamidase in the rabbit.

PMID- 1206633
TI  - Follicle formation in guinea-pigs and rabbits. A comparative study with notes on
      the rete ovarii.

PMID- 1206634
TI  - Free N-acetylaminosugar in the seminal plasma of eutherian mammals.
AB  - The seminal plasma of seven eutherian species, including man, was examined for
      the presence of free N-acetylaminosugar. Only man had appreciable levels of N
      acetylaminosugar in the semen (37-1 mg/100 ml), but in all cases this free N
      acetylaminosugar was probably the result of breakdown of polysaccharides by semen
      glycosidases. High levels of free N-acetylaminosugar thus appear to be peculiar
      to marsupials.

PMID- 1206635
TI  - The effect of serial uterine biopsies and hysterectomy on peripheral blood levels
      of total unconjugated oestrogen and progesterone in the bitch.

PMID- 1206636
TI  - Difference in fertility of two lines of mice selected for different body
      conformation.

PMID- 1206637
TI  - Stimulation of uterine RNA synthesis in mice by the post-coital antifertility
      agent, ORF 3858.

PMID- 1206638
TI  - A study of the morphology of the Leydig cells of the rat after unilateral
      vasectomy.

PMID- 1206639
TI  - The effect on cow embryos of cooling to 20, 0 and --196c.

PMID- 1206640
TI  - Extraovarian effect of prolactin on the traumatized uterus in the rat.

PMID- 1206641
TI  - The absorption by boar spermatozoa of zinc bound to low molecular weight ligands.
AB  - Most of the zinc accumulated by boar spermatozoa at 4 degrees C from seminal
      plasma appears to arise from the low molecular weight zinc ligands. Zinc added to
      semen in low concentrations (0-1 to 0-6 mM) is preferentially absorbed by the
      spermatozoa, particularly at 4 degrees C.

PMID- 1206642
TI  - Reproduction in the ferret. I. The effect of ovariectomy on the course of
      gestation.
AB  - The role of the ovaries in the maintenance of pregnancy was studied in the
      ferret. Ovariectomy at the time of implantation showed that some embryos survived
      for 7 days after the operation but all were destroyed after 10 days, although the
      trophoblast continued to grow at a much faster rate than normal. Ovariectomy
      performed after implantation showed that no fetal development occurred when the
      ovaries were removed at Day 21 post coitum, but that fetuses developed for an
      appreciable length of time in animals ovariectomized on Days 23 to 27 post
      coitum. Ovariectomy in late gestation resulted in speedy expulsion of the
      fetuses. An increase in the placenta:fetus ratio did not alter the response to
      ovariectomy in late gestation. The uteri in all ovariectomized animals showed
      progestational endometria when examined shortly after explusion of the fetuses.

PMID- 1206643
TI  - Embryonic mortality during the pre- and post-implantation periods of pregnancy in
      mature mice after superovulation.
AB  - Sexually mature mice were stimulated to superovulate by giving exogenous
      gonadotrophins at known stages of the oestrous cycle. Untreated animals which
      ovulated spontaneously served as controls. The number of oocytes ovulated by each
      female was estimated from counts of the number of CL of pregnancy, and the
      incidence of embryonic mortality during the pre- and post-implantation stages of
      pregnancy was assessed from the number of zygotes recovered from the reproductive
      tract at 2-0 and 4-0 days post coitum and of conceptuses examined at 7-5 and 11-5
      days post coitum. The mean number of oocytes ovulated by treated animals was 39
      54, compared with 12-80 in controls: in mice which had superovulated, 44% of the
      ova were lost before implantation compared with about 10% in the controls.
      Further losses occurred about the time of implantation and at mid-pregnancy and
      thus the number of embryos classified as normal rarely exceeded the maximum found
      in controls. Death at mid-pregnancy seemed to be preceded by developmental
      retardation. The possibility that genetic and environmental factors play a role
      in embryonic loss after superovulation is discussed.

PMID- 1206644
TI  - The development of the mouse ovary and its response to exogenous gonadotrophins.
AB  - Immature mice aged 14 to 49 days were treated with a single injection of 4 i.u.
      HCG, or 3 i.u. PMSG followed 48 hr later by 2 i.u. HCG. After treatment with HCG
      alone the number of oocytes which were ovulated rose gradually from Day 21 to Day
      28 and then remained constant, while the combined PMSG+HCG treatment induced a
      peak response between Days 24 and 28. The percentage of animals responding also
      varied with age and treatment. After the combined PMSG+HCG treatment, 90% of the
      animals ovulated on Day 21, while a similar proportion was not achieved in
      response to HCG alone until Day 32. The variation in response with age and
      treatment was related to follicular development within the ovary.

PMID- 1206645
TI  - Epithelial cell death in the oil-induced decidual reaction of the pseudopregnant
      mouse: an ultrastructural study.
AB  - Arachis oil instilled into the uterus of sensitized mice was localized
      mesometrially or, more commonly, antimesometrially, suggesting that the uterus is
      polarized in its capacity to respond since implantation chambers only form
      antimesometrially. Epithelial breakdown occurred only within the 'implantation
      chabmer', but cell death took place more rapidly than in normal pregnancy and was
      complete at only 5 to 9 hr after the Pontamine Blue reaction. Between 19 and 43
      hr after oil instillation, the antimesometrial epithelial cells lost contact with
      each other and initially were characterized by distended rough endoplasmic
      reticulum and Golgi body, lipid droplet accumulation and ribosome segregation. At
      a later stage of deterioration, epithelial cell contents were scattered into the
      uterine lumen where polymorphonuclear leucocytes and monocytes were also found,
      probably involved in ingesting the cellular debris. There was no evidence of
      increased size of lysosomal dense bodies or of the formation of autophagosomes in
      dying epithelial cells; suggesting that the mechanism of epithelial death in the
      oil-induced reaction is not identical to that of normal pregnancy.

PMID- 1206646
TI  - Sexual receptivity and oestrus in the white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula
      monacha.
AB  - In common white-toothed shrews, the vaginal smear was an inadequate indicator of
      receptivity. Nucleated epithelial cells usually predominated and most matings
      took place when the smear was of this type. Cornified cells in the smear in
      infrequent. Mating tests showed that virgin females 2 to 4 months old, were
      unreceptive for extended periods. Willingness to mate increased gradually with
      the age of the female. Females were receptive throughout pregnancy, suggesting a
      continuous secretion of oestrogen during gestation. There was a post-partum
      oestrus whether or not the young of the litter were being suckled, and an oestrus
      at the end of lactation. During mid-lactation, females were in a state of low
      receptivity, whether or not they were suckling.

PMID- 1206647
TI  - Testis growth and plasma LH concentration following hemicastration and its
      relation with female prolificacy in sheep.
AB  - The mean testis diameter of 20- to 25-week-old Blackface, Finn and Merino rams
      was ranked in the same order as the ovulation rates of females of their breeds.
      The removal of one testis at 12 or 16 weeks of age resulted in hypertrophy of the
      remaining testis. The relative increase in testis growth following hemicastration
      was greatest in the Merino rams (72%), least in the Finns (42%) and intermediate
      in the Blackfaces (57%), so that it was inversely related to their breed
      ovulation rates. This hypertrophy was associated with increases in the
      concentration of plasma LH in all breed types. The results indicate that
      differences in testis growth rate are associated with differences in
      gonadotrophic stimulation rather than in intrinsic growth potential, and it is
      postulated that these may arise from breed differences in sensitivity to negative
      feed-back from the testes.

PMID- 1206648
TI  - Secretion of human chorionic gonadotrophin by the early placenta in Vitro.
AB  - The secretion in vitro of HCG and proteins was studied in fragments of placenta
      from women in the first trimester of pregnancy by a pulse-chase system. A 10-min
      pulse with [3H]leucine was used. It was concluded that the approximate half-time
      of release of HCG was 150 min. Proteins precipitable with trichloroacetic acid
      had a bi-exponential pattern, the half-times of release being 100 and 270 min.
      These rates of release indicate that the HCG produced by the early placenta was
      rapidly passed into the circulation rather than stored.

PMID- 1206649
TI  - Pseudopregnancy in mice treated with ovine prolactin.

PMID- 1206650
TI  - Spatial distribution of chromosomes 1 and Y in human spermatozoa.
AB  - The positions of chromosomes 1 and Y inside human spermatozoa were determined by
      differential staining techniques. In 85/100 cells the two chromosomes were in
      close contact and in association with a vacuole. This observation is in contrast
      to previous findings for chromosome No. 9 and the Y-chromosome whose positions do
      not appear to be correlated.

PMID- 1206651
TI  - Sites of production of fructose and citric acid in the accessory sex glands of
      the male musk shrew, Suncus murinus.
AB  - The main source of citric acid in the accessory sex glands of the musk shrew
      (Suncus murinus) was the prostate and fructose was abundantly produced by the
      ampullary glands.

PMID- 1206652
TI  - The occurrence of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase activity in fetal sheep
      pineal tissue and its relationship to preparturient endocrine changes.

PMID- 1206653
TI  - Release of prostaglandin F-2alpha during foaling in mares.
AB  - The concentrations of PGF-2alpha in the peripheral blood of five foaling mares
      were measured by radioimmunoassay. Low levels of PGF-2alpha were detected as
      early as 1 week before foaling in two of the mares. These levels increased
      steadily, reaching a peak (1-74 +/- 0-44 ng/ml) during fetal expulsion. A
      relatively high PGF-2alpha level was found in samples collected 60 min after
      foaling.

PMID- 1206655
TI  - An oestrogen-mediated effect of photoperiod on the reproductive behaviour of the
      budgerigar.

PMID- 1206654
TI  - Growth of ovarian follicles in rats in the absence of gonadotrophins.

PMID- 1206656
TI  - Autonomic nerves mediating contractility in the human graafian follicle.

PMID- 1206657
TI  - The function of the growing follicle.
AB  - The follicle plays a major role in the dual function of the ovary--oocyte
      maturation and release and steroidogenesis required for regulating its own growth
      and providing the proper environment in reproductive organs for the transport of
      gametes and nidation. Some aspects of how follicles attain their functional
      competence following a series of developmental changes are discussed. The
      presentation is based on data obtained mainly in rodents in which follicular
      development occurs postnatally. The peak activity of follicular growth occurs
      during the 1st week of life, but not until the 5th day is follicular development
      clearly dependent upon gonadotrophin stimulation. The formation of the theca
      layer and zona pellucida, differentiation of the vascular system and competence
      to respond to gonadotrophins are acquired during the 2nd week. FSH alone is
      primarily responsible for granulosa cell proliferation and the integrity of the
      granulosa cell membrane, but has little differential effect on steroidogenic
      enzymes. Synergism of FSH and LH promotes an enrichment of the theca layer,
      enhancement of vascular development and antrum formation, and induces a marked
      differential stimulation of 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, aromatizing and
      cholesterol side-chain cleavage systems. The number of gonadotrophin receptors on
      granulosa and theca cells increases with follicular development. Steroids
      secreted by the ovary seem to modulate follicular growth, not only by effects
      upon FSH and LH release but also by a local influence within the ovary. A number
      of physiological events related to follicular function are explained according to
      these observations.

PMID- 1206658
TI  - Renal biopsy in pregnancy-induced hypertension.
AB  - Percutaneous renal biopsy, introduced 20 years ago, has revolutionized our
      understanding of many diseases affecting the kidney. In studies performed in
      nonpregnant subjects substantial progress in defining the mechanism, prognosis
      and treatment of a host of renal diseases was achieved by correlating clinical
      findings and renal function with light, electron and immunofluorescent
      microscopy. In the early 1960's investigators described the renal lesions
      associated with preeclampsia and made initial clinicopathological correlations,
      but relatively few studies combining light, electron and immunofluorescent
      findings in pregnant women have appeared to date. This is because clinical
      circumstances rarely justify even the minimal risks of biopsy during gestation,
      and after the disease has regressed, nephrology consultation is not requested in
      the puerperium. In addition, a report of excessive bleeding and other
      complications in gravidas, although not encountered by other groups (and personal
      experience of the authors), has contributed to the lack of enthusiasm for renal
      biopsy on obstetrical services and to the belief that this procedure is not
      advisable both during gestation and the immediate puerperium. This article
      reviews the renal morphology of preeclampsia and described those aspects of it in
      which current knowledge is still incomplete. Indications, benefits, and risks of
      kidney biopsy during pregnancy or puerperium will be discussed, with emphasis on
      the prognostic information to be expected from the procedure which may help in
      predicting the outcome of future pregnancies.

PMID- 1206659
TI  - The treatment of gestational hypertension.
AB  - The development of a logical and physiologically sound approach to the management
      of gestational hypertension presents a formidable challenge to both obstetrician
      and internist. The maternal and fetal risks and sequelae are well known and
      significant. Therefore, understanding the pathophysiology of the particular
      hypertensive syndrome or disease being treated is of great importance if a
      rational approach to treatment is to be accomplished. In this discussion we will
      present the pharmacology of the various antihypertensive agents currently being
      used, followed by a brief discussion of our current concept of the
      pathophysiology of the three major types of hypertension seen during pregnancy
      and finally by our suggested management.

PMID- 1206661
TI  - The perinatal technician.

PMID- 1206660
TI  - Oral contraceptive pill hypertension.

PMID- 1206662
TI  - Macrophage proliferation during a lymphocyte transformation response: a study of
      mouse peritoneal cells stimulated antigenically in diffusion chambers.

PMID- 1206663
TI  - Eosinophils and immune mechanisms: production of the lymphokine eosinophil
      stimulation promoter (ESP) in vitro by isolated intact granulomas.

PMID- 1206664
TI  - A macrophage agglutinating factor produced during a pulmonary delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction.

PMID- 1206665
TI  - Correlation of tumor growth and cell-mediated immune responses of mice bearing
      mammary tumors following surgical procedures.

PMID- 1206666
TI  - Suppressive effects of metal salts on leukocyte and fibroblastic function.

PMID- 1206667
TI  - Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis and its association with HL-A 27.
AB  - The close relationship between ankylosing spondylitis and the presence of the
      transplantation antigen HL-A 27 is well recognized. An attractive explanation for
      this has been that the gene coding for this antigen exists in marked linkage
      disequilibrium with an abnormal immune response gene. We have suggested, in
      contrast, that HL-A 27 may have a more direct importance because of a defective
      epistatic interaction between the gene coding for this antigen and a distinct
      disease susceptibility gene for AS, which may therefore be situated some distance
      from the major histocompatibility complex.

PMID- 1206668
TI  - Size distribution of lymphocytes in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The diameters of circulating peripheral lymphocytes were measured in 28 children
      with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. These were compared with lymphocyte
      measurements in 68 normal children, 19 children with asthma, and 12 children with
      cystic fibrosis. The average diameter of lymphocytes in normal children was found
      to be 11.2 microns. In contrast, the average diameter of lymphocytes in juvenile
      rheumatoid arthritis was 12.7 microns (P less than 0.0001). There were more
      lymphocytes with a diameter of 13 to 15 microns in children with juvenile
      rheumatoid arthritis than in normal children.

PMID- 1206669
TI  - Experimental immune arthritis: host factors.
AB  - An experimental chronic mono-arthritis was induced in rabbits using adjuvants and
      bovine serum albumin. The results suggest that unidentified host factors
      (possibly genetic) influence the induction of delayed hypersensitivity to the
      antigen. The data further show a clear correlation between systemic cell mediated
      immunity and chronic synovitis. When this condition is absent, there is a poor
      correlation between the humoral response and the arthritis. The results make
      difficult the interpretation of local immune complex deposition as the sole,
      chronic phlogistic stimulus. (J Rheumatol 2: 373-383, 1975).

PMID- 1206670
TI  - Decreased concentration of free histidine in serum in rheumatoid arthritis, an
      isolated amino acid abnormality not associated with generalized
      hypoaminoacidemia.
AB  - The serum concentrations of 12 free amino acids (alanine, arginine, glycine,
      histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, threonine,
      tyrosine, and valine) were measured in 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and
      in 12 control subjects. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had a low serum
      histidine concentration (P equals 0.002) but no abnormality of any other amino
      acid concentration or of the combined concentration of the measured amino acids,
      excluding histidine. These data and 22 other reported studies provide strong
      evidence for the presence of hypohistidemia, not associated with generalized
      hypoaminoacidemia, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (J Rheumatol 2: 384
      392, 1975).

PMID- 1206671
TI  - The origins and relative distribution of polysaccharidases in rheumatoid and
      osteoarthritic fluids.
AB  - Three lysosomal polysaccharidases were measured in synovial fluid (SF) and serum
      from rheumatoid (RA) patients, SF from osteoarthritic (OA) patients, and serum
      from healthy volunteers. (1) There was no correlation between the enzyme levels
      and white cell counts in the SF. (2) beta-glucuronidase and beta-N
      acetylglucosaminidase were markedly elevated in the SF of RA as compared to OA.
      (3) beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase levels in the SF of RA
      correlated well with each other but not with hyaluronidase. (4) beta
      glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase levels were higher in the SF of RA
      than in the corresponding serum, while the converse was true for hyaluronidase.
      (5) Hyaluronidase levels were significantly higher in RA serum than in normal
      serum. These results suggest that the synovial membrane may be the source of beta
      glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, while hyaluronidase is derived
      from a source remote from the joint via the serum. This source of hyaluronidase
      may be the liver. (J Rheumatol 2: 393-400, 1975).

PMID- 1206672
TI  - Chrysotherapy: pharmacological and clinical correlates.
AB  - Relationships between gold administration and serum gold content were observed in
      56 RA subjects receiving up to five years of weekly chrysotherapy. Wide
      fluctuations in serum gold responses to standard 50 mg IM injections were noted.
      Individual adjustments to dosage schedules were made as dictated by patient serum
      gold responses. Enhanced clinical and laboratory response was prolonged with
      higher sustained serum gold concentration greater than 300 mug per cent.
      Maintaining serum levels greater than 300 mug per cent is postulated to
      facilitate access of gold to "effector sites" within the deeper compartments by
      providing higher sustained gradients between superficial (blood) and deeper body
      compartments. The complexity of the system of effector sites responsive to gold
      and their divergent location within the body likely affects the accessibility of
      the agent for these sites; hence, affecting the correlation between gold levels
      and therapeutic response. The application of pharmacokinetic principles in
      chrysotherapy, nevertheless, provides the basis for optimizing accessibility of
      the agent and the therapeutic response. (J Rheumatol 2: 401-410, 1975).

PMID- 1206673
TI  - Irreversible bone marrow failure with chlorambucil.
AB  - Two cases of irreversible bone marrow failure are described, one with rheumatoid
      disease and one with systemic lupus erythematosus. Each case was associated with
      prior chlorambucil administration, effective in controlling the clinical
      manifestations (total dosage 398 and 1,764 mg respectively). The irreversibility
      of the bone marrow depression in the two cases presented stands in contrast to
      published assurances that chlorambucil-associated leukopenia is dose-related and
      readily reversible. The cases illustrate that chlorambucil therapy should not be
      continued after initial leukopenia, until peripheral counts or marrow cellularity
      has returned to normal. Titration of drug dosage and leukocyte count, as
      frequently employed with cyclophosphamide and other alkylating agents, must be
      presumed hazardous. Additional studies are needed to determine if irreversible
      bone marrow depression is dose-related or idiosyncratic.

PMID- 1206674
TI  - Avascular necrosis and its relation to lipid and purine metabolism.
AB  - Serum uric acid, triglycerides, cholesterol, and lipoprotein levels were
      determined in 35 patients with primary avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
      The results were compared with a control group and a group of gouty patients.
      Frequency distribution of the data in the three groups was found to be of the log
      normal type, and the statistical calculations were performed after log
      transformation of the serum values. Compared to the control group, a significant
      increase in the levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, pre-beta-lipoprotein, and
      uric acid were found in the patients with avascular necrosis. No significant
      difference was observed between lipid and lipoprotein levels in gout and
      avascular necrosis, although the serum uric acid was higher in the gouty
      patients. In contrast to the findings in gout, the uric acid levels did not
      correlate with the lipid or lipoprotein fractions in patients with avascular
      necrosis. There were no statistical differences between lipid, lipoprotein and
      uric acid levels in patients with avascular necrosis receiving corticosteroids or
      using alcohol, as compared with those not taking these drugs. It is concluded
      that avascular necrosis of bone complicating longterm use of steroids or alcohol
      is not induced directly by the two drugs, but that the initiating event may lie
      in lipid disturbances.

PMID- 1206677
TI  - Prevention and early detection of cancer.

PMID- 1206676
TI  - Pulmonary manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - Chest radiographs of 39 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were studied. Three
      showed apical pulmonary fibrosis, two with cavitary lesions. Other known causes
      of lung disease were excluded. Symptoms and roentgenographic evidence of
      spondylitis were present for many years prior to the onset of pulmonary symptoms,
      which variably included shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, pleuritic chest
      pain, fever, and chills. Apical pulmonary lesions of unknown cause were absent in
      53 age, sex, and racematched osteoarthritis control patients. The findings
      suggest that apical pulmonary fibrosis may be an extra-skeletal manifestation of
      ankylosing spondylitis, the frequency of which approaches that of spondylitic
      heart disease.

PMID- 1206675
TI  - The pharmacology of hypouricemic effect of benzbromarone.
AB  - The hypouricemic effect of benzbromarone has been investigated in six subjects.
      Benzbromarone increased urate: creatinine by 371 per cent over control values at
      two to four hours after administration. Over a 24 hour period, the mean serum
      uric acid decreased from a control value of 7.8 +/- 0.8 to 4.3 +/- 0.6 mg/dl.
      This uricosuric effect was completely reversed by pyrazinamide, partially
      inhibited by acetylsalicyclic acid and sulfinpyrazone, and was not accompanied by
      an elevation of the creatinine clearance or an inhibition of urate binding to
      plasma protein. In vitro studies showed only 22 per cent inhibition of urate
      binding by benzbromarone five muM, a concentration which is transiently reached
      in man. Kinetic studies of human liver xanthine oxidase demonstrated non
      competitive inhibition with variable hypoxanthine and a Ki slope of 8.5 muM. The
      Ki slopes for benzarone and allopurinol were 19.0 muM and 0.05 muM respectively.
      There was no elevation of the urinary oxypurines following benzbromarone
      ingestion. These observations suggest that only the renal tubular activity of
      benzbromarone is relevant to its hypouricemic effects in man. (J Rheumatol 2: 437
      445, 1975).

PMID- 1206678
TI  - The curability of gynecologic malignancies.

PMID- 1206679
TI  - Organic brain syndromes in Lebanon.

PMID- 1206680
TI  - Schizophrenic disorders in Lebanon.

PMID- 1206682
TI  - The multi disciplinary approach to cancer.

PMID- 1206681
TI  - Affective psychoses in Lebanon.

PMID- 1206683
TI  - The role of radiotherapy in the cure of solid tumours.

PMID- 1206684
TI  - The significance of delay in the treatment of cancer.

PMID- 1206685
TI  - Staging in Hodgkin's disease. Techniques and impact on therapy.

PMID- 1206687
TI  - The curability of head and neck cancer.

PMID- 1206686
TI  - Advances in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1206688
TI  - Proceedings: C1q production and secretion by fibroblasts.

PMID- 1206689
TI  - Proceedings: Brucellosis and veterinary surgeons.

PMID- 1206690
TI  - Proceedings: The mode of action of staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin.

PMID- 1206691
TI  - Proceedings: A study of the secretory immune system of the female genital-tract.

PMID- 1206692
TI  - Proceedings: Further observations on human genital mycoplasmas.

PMID- 1206693
TI  - Proceedings: Hepatitis-B antigen and antibody in haemophiliacs.

PMID- 1206694
TI  - Proceedings: Hepatitis B and the new "E" antigen.

PMID- 1206695
TI  - Radiologic seminar CLIII: The lateral decubitus radiograph: An aid to the
      diagnosis of endobronchial foreign bodies.

PMID- 1206696
TI  - "Malpractice insurance".

PMID- 1206697
TI  - Editorial: Medico-legal briefs. Podiatrist entitled to hearing before denial to
      staff privileges.

PMID- 1206698
TI  - Analysis of optical diffraction patterns from electron micrographs of lattices.

PMID- 1206699
TI  - Crystalline lipoprotein-phosphoprotein complex in oocytes from Xenopus laevis:
      determination of lattice parameters by x-ray crystallography and electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 1206700
TI  - X-ray diffraction study of three DNA fibres with different base compositions.

PMID- 1206702
TI  - Combination of data from helical particles: correlation and selection.

PMID- 1206701
TI  - Three-dimensional image reconstructions of the contractile tail of T4
      bacteriophage.

PMID- 1206703
TI  - Hyaluronic acid: structure of a fully extended 3-fold helical sodium salt and
      comparison with the less extended 4-fold helical forms.

PMID- 1206704
TI  - Quantitative electron microscopy of microtubule assembly in vitro.

PMID- 1206705
TI  - A mutation of the wobble nucleotide of a bacteriophage T4 transfer RNA.

PMID- 1206706
TI  - Studies of two crystal forms of L-glutaminase-asparaginase from Acinetobacter
      glutaminasificans.

PMID- 1206707
TI  - DNA synthesis in human lymphocyts: intermediates in DNA synthesis, in vitro and
      in vivo.

PMID- 1206708
TI  - Evidence for covalent association of RNA with nascent DNA in human lymphocytes.

PMID- 1206709
TI  - The structure of bacteriophage T4 gene 12 protein.

PMID- 1206711
TI  - Smooth muscle cells in the rat testicular capsule: a developmental study.
AB  - This study of the postnatal development (from 1 to 60 days) of smooth muscle
      elements in the rat testicular capsule has demonstrated that while such elements
      are identifiable by light microscopy at 30 days, myocytes are present at birth as
      seen by electron microscopy. The differentiation of smooth muscle from birth to
      30 days has been described, by which time it is of adult morphology and content.
      Perhaps significantly, it is at 30 days that the testis achieves a scrotal
      position, although sexual maturity does not occur until about 60 days.
      Presumably, at 30 days the testicular capsule of the rat is capable of the
      spontaneous contractions which are known to occur in the adult and which are
      assumed to aid the transport of non-motile spermatozoa from the testis to the
      spididymis. The presence of occasional striated muscle fibers in the rat
      testicular capsule as reported previously has not been confirmed by this
      investigation, although their possible origin is discussed.

PMID- 1206710
TI  - A histochemical study of cervical motor neurons and the posterior latissimus
      dorsi muscle in normal and dystropic chickens.
AB  - A chromatolysis study, 14 to 21 days following denervation, showed the spinal
      cord representation of the nerve to the posterior latissimus dorsi muscle to be
      in the ventrolateral cell column between cervical ganglia 14 and 15. to
      characterize cevical neruos nt undergoing chromatolysis, histochemical stuies
      were done the cords of additional nondenervated animals. Staining reactions for
      beta-hydrocybutyrate dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase and cholinesterase did
      not reveal any quantitative differences between motor neurons in cervical
      segments 14 and 15 of normal and dystrophic birds. Motor neurons are positive for
      beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and succinic dehydrogenase, but the
      surrounding neuropil is positive for the latter only. No pseudocholinesterase
      activity is found in the ventral horn cells, but true cholinesterase is present
      in most of the neurons...

PMID- 1206712
TI  - Electron microscopic investigations on leptomeric fibrils and leptomeric
      complexes in the hen and pigeon heart.

PMID- 1206713
TI  - Heart creatine kinase: heterogeneous composition of the mammalian M-B isoenzyme.

PMID- 1206714
TI  - The significance of the interrelationship between the intensity of the
      contractile state and the velocity of relaxation in adapting cardiac muscle to
      function at high work loads.

PMID- 1206715
TI  - Enzyme release resulting from total ischemia and reperfusion in the isolated,
      perfused guinea pig heart.

PMID- 1206716
TI  - Fatty acid metabolism via triglyceride in the salmon heart.

PMID- 1206717
TI  - The ultrastructure of rat conductive tissue; an electron microscopic study of the
      atrioventricular node and the bundle of His.

PMID- 1206718
TI  - 32P labelling of the nucleotides in alpha-position in the rabbit heart.

PMID- 1206720
TI  - Prevention by hypothermia of paradoxical calcium necrosis in cardiac muscle.

PMID- 1206721
TI  - Species variation in anoxic-induced damage of heart muscle.

PMID- 1206722
TI  - Tables of critical values for examining compositional non-randomness in proteins
      and nucleic acids.
AB  - A binomially distributed statistic pchi2i is defined which in conjunction with a
      set of critical tables permits, for peptides or proteins of arbitrary lengths, a
      well-defined answer to the question: Does the proportion of a particular amino
      acid iota present in that protein deviate significantly from random expectation?
      An analogous statistic is defined for nucleic acids. This statistic is simply
      related to the classical chi-squared test. The classical chi2 and the pchi2i are
      supplementary in that the former permits one to determine that a non-randomness
      in amino acid composition exists in a protein, while the latter permits one to
      localize that non-randomness to particular amino acids. The pchi2i statistic
      takes into account explicity the compositional fluctuations imposed by the finite
      length of proteins. The tables are more exact than any hitherto existing, and
      require no intermediate calculations for their use: from the direct experimental
      measurement of the number of residues of amino acid iota, one immediately reads
      from the tables whether the number observed is within random expectation or not.
      These statistics are used to analyze eight proteins of diverse length, function,
      and origin in an accompanying paper.

PMID- 1206719
TI  - Transfer of [1(-14)C] palmitate between myocardial cell fractions.

PMID- 1206723
TI  - Homologies of ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences in monocots.
AB  - Competitive hybridization among ribosomal RNA was used to estimate homologies of
      nucleotide sequences in monocots. Homologies have been measured with respect to
      Allium cepa (Liliaceae) and Zea mays (Graminaceae). It was found that nucleotide
      sequences are highly conserved within Liliaceae, while some divergences were
      found within Graminaceae.

PMID- 1206724
TI  - Speculations on the origin and evolution of metabolism.
AB  - An autotrophic origin of metabolism is described, which requires clays,
      transition state metals, disulfide and dithiols, U.V. and cyanide ion. A general
      scheme is proposed, involving the fixation of CO2 and N2, for the evolution of
      intermediary metabolism based on the evolution of a complex system from a simple
      one. The basic conclusion is that metabolism could have evolved from a simple
      environment rather than from a complex one.

PMID- 1206725
TI  - The charge-state model of protein polymorphism in natural populations.
AB  - Routine electrophoretic surveys for genetic variation in natural populations
      depend primarily upon detecting differences in the net charge carried by a
      protein. We have calculated the proportion of base substitutions which would
      yield an electrophoretically detectable mutant protein, and the relative mutation
      rates among different chare classes, under a variety of simplifying assumptions.
      These calculations indicate that: (i) only 25 per cent of all single base
      mutations would lead to a charge change on a protein molecule. (ii) five distinct
      classes of electrophoretic variants can be generated from a specified protein by
      single base substitutions. (iii) the relative mutation rates differ markedly
      among the different charge classes which can be generated by single base
      substitutions. The estimates of the proportion of electrophoretically detectable
      mutant proteins and relative mutation rates among charge classes were relatively
      robust to changes in assumptions concerned with the kind and site of base
      substitutions and the amino acid composition of the protein.

PMID- 1206727
TI  - Compartmentalization of amino acids in surfactant aggregates. Partitioning
      between water and aqueous micellar sodium deodecanoate and between hexane and
      dodecylammonium propionate trapped water in hexane.
AB  - Cationic amino acids, arginine and lysine partition differentially from water
      into aqueous micellar sodium dodecanoate. Conversely, partitioning of serine,
      glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, threonine, alanine, proline, valine,
      leucine, phenylalanine and isoleucine do not vary appreciably. Partitioning from
      neat hexane into dodecylammonium propionate trapped water in hexane is, however,
      dependent upon both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. These results
      imply that the interior of dedecylammonium propionate aggregates is negatively
      charged and is capable of hydrogen bonding in addition to providing a hydrophobic
      enviroment. The solubilities of amino acids in neat hexane substantiate the
      previously derived amino acid hydrophobicity scale. Relevance of partitioning in
      these systems to the postulated selective amino acid compartmentalization is
      discussed.

PMID- 1206726
TI  - Evolution of the haem-haem interaction in vertebrate haemoglobins - a hypothesis.
AB  - A hypothesis about the evolution of the haem-haem interaction in haemoglobins has
      been formulated on the basis of available functional and structural data. It
      emerges that this cooperative muchanism is not necessarily due solely to the
      higher levels of protomer aggregation, because it occurs only in haemoglobins
      having the distal histidine. It is thus proposed that this amino acid residue
      might have had a significant role for the development of low-oxygen-affinity
      haemoglobins in vertebrates.

PMID- 1206728
TI  - Conjugate paralogous crossing-over as an explanation for the
      tyrosine/phenylalanine polymorphism at position 24 in both alpha-chains of horse
      hemoglobin.

PMID- 1206729
TI  - Detecting evolutionary trends from molecular data. 1. Some measures of
      compositional nonrandomness.
AB  - The measures of compositional nonrandomness to be discussed as to their physical
      significance and to their power of detecting evolutionary significant variations
      are (see article)(pi a priori probability for amino acid i, ni its number of
      occurrences in a protein of length L). As a concrete example, the pi are here
      supposed to represent equal frequencies of all non-stop codons. For each
      quantity, four levels are defined: The base level, with optimal (i.e. minimal
      nonrandomness) composition, admitting non-integer values of ni; the integer level
      with optimal integer composition; the noise level, represented by a typical
      random cain; and the real protein level. On all these levels, S, which is the
      measure with the most direct physical sense, shows the smoothest behavior with
      the smallest relative fluctuations and thus the highest resolution.

PMID- 1206730
TI  - Molecular orbital theory in carcinogenesis research.

PMID- 1206731
TI  - Abnormal profile of human nucleolytic activity as a test for cancer.
AB  - Serum samples from patients with various malignancies including acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), brain tumor (BT), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were evaluated for nucleolytic activity against six
      synthetic polynucleotides: polyadenylic acid, polyuridylic acid, polycytidylic
      acid, polyguanylic acid, polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid, and polyguanylic
      polycytidylic acid; The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically by
      following the degradation of substrate to acid-soluble nucleotides. Most patients
      had elevated serum RNase activity at the 95% confidence level when compared to 30
      controls. Included in this group were 67% of patients with ANLL, 46% of patients
      with BT, 73% of patients with HD, and 67% of patients with NHL. These data
      confirmed the earlier suggestion that elevated serum nuclease activity is found
      in patients with neoplastic disease. However, whether or not a serum was
      identified as abnormal depended on the substrate used in the assay; this
      underscored the need to test samples against a variety of polynucleotides.
      Alterations in serum nucleolytic activity represent an important marker of
      neoplastic disease and can serve as the basis for a useful clinical screening
      device.

PMID- 1206732
TI  - Adriamycin-induced chromosome aberrations in human fibroblasts.
AB  - Adriamycin (AM) induced chromosome lesions and cell division delay in human
      foreskin fibroblasts. Cells treated with 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05 mug AM/ml culture
      medium for 1 hour and evaluated 5-12 hours post treatment exhibited a wide
      spectrum of cytogenetic injuries, ranging from moderately damaged metaphases with
      predominantly simple chromatid-type lesions to heavily damaged metaphases with
      chromosome stickiness and fragmentation. In moderately damaged metaphases that
      could be scored for specific types of aberrations, we observed a paucity of
      chromatid exchanges and chromosome-type lesions even in cultures having a very
      high frequency of breakages. Further, the distribution of breaks among
      chromosomes within groups A-G appeared to be random, which suggested that the
      drug does not show breakage specificity in human fibroblasts; The number of
      heavily damaged metaphases increased with an increase in concentration of AM and
      with longer periods of recovery.

PMID- 1206733
TI  - Incidence of childhood cancer in Finland.
AB  - Between 1953 and 1970, 2,605 malignant tumors in children under 15 years of age
      were reported to the Finnish Cancer Registry, a population-based registry that
      covers the whole country (population, 4.6 million). The mean annual age-adjusted
      incidence rates per million were 128 in males and 108 in females. The most common
      neoplasms were leukemia (age-adjusted incidence rates, 43.7 in males; 34;7 in
      females), brain tumors (26.4 in males, 22.8 in females), renal tumors (10;0 in
      males, 9.1 in females), lymphomas (10.8 in males, 5.3 in females), and bone
      tumors (5;3 in males, 5.1 in females). This distribution is roughly the same as
      the observed in many other white populations. However, the incidence rates of
      leukemia, lymphomas, neuroblastomas, and soft-tissue tumors were somewhate lower
      than figures reported in the Third National Cancer Survey of the United States.

PMID- 1206734
TI  - Change of antigenic expression on rat tumor cells after their transplantation.
AB  - Antigenic expression of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced transplantable fibrosarcoma
      KMT-17 cells was investigated in relation to days after ip transplantation.
      Cytotoxicity tests with antiserum against tumor-associated surface antigen of KMT
      17 cells revealed that cytotoxic sensitivity and absorbing capacity decreased
      after transplantation, but they increased when other normal rats were given
      transplants of tumor cells. A decrease in the sensitivity was observed when
      immunosuppressively irradiated rats were given tumor transplants. Tumor cell
      density in the abdominal cavities of rats directly and absorbing capacity of KMT
      17 cells to antiserum against the histocompatibility antigen did not change after
      transplantation. The possible mechanisms of antigenic change of KMT-17 cells were
      discussed.

PMID- 1206735
TI  - Effects of levamisole on in vivo and in vitro murine host response to syngeneic
      transplantable tumor.
AB  - The effects of levamisole were studied in vivo and in vitro on two murine tumors,
      B16 melanoma and adenocarcinoma 15091, syngeneic to the mouse strains used.
      Administration of levamisole before tumor transplantation enhanced the early
      appearance of neoplasms but did not affect the overall incidence or course of
      tumor growth as compared with that observed in controls given saline injections
      or animals given levamisole with lethally X-irradiated tumor cells.
      Administration of the drug 1 day before iv injection of tumor cells significantly
      reduced the incidence of pulmonary nodules, but if the drug was given 3 or 5 days
      before tumor challenge, the incidence of nodules was increased. Lymphocytes or
      macrophages from normal mice given levamisole had no effect on tumor cells in
      vitro, whereas lymphocytes incubated with levamisole in vitro enhanced tumor cell
      growth. When lymphocytes and tumor cells were mixed in vitro, lymphocytes from
      animals treated with the drug formed larger multicell clumps with tumor cells
      than did those from normal controls. We concluded that levamisole did not protect
      the mice against the tested tumors.

PMID- 1206737
TI  - Data on the action spectrum for ultraviolet carcinogenesis.
AB  - When 300, 310, or 320 nm monochromatic UV energy was given to albino mice in
      amounts proportional to its erythemal effectiveness, skin tumors developed on the
      exposed ears of the mice at approximately the same time and the same rate in all
      three groups. Thus the long wavelength limit of the carcinogenesis action
      spectrum paralleled that of the erythema action spectrum. No tumors were found in
      mice exposed to a 290-nm UV wavelength nor in those exposed to low dosages at 310
      nm. All tumors observed in the group exposed to 300 nm were squamous cell
      carcinomas; 3 sarcomas and 5 squamous cell carcinomas were seen with the more
      penetrating doses of a 310-nm UV wavelength.

PMID- 1206736
TI  - Potentiation by carbon tetrachloride of the immunosuppressive effects of
      fibrosarcoma and toxic material produced by fibrosarcoma cells.
AB  - SaD2-AG fibrosarcomas growing in DBA/2 mice caused nonspecific immunodepression.
      Injection of soluble material produced by cultured SaD2-AG cells into normal
      DBA/2 recipients caused nonspecific immunodepression and signs of systemic
      toxicity. These in vivo effects were enhanced by prior treatment of the
      recipients with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In contrast, material released by
      syngeneic fibroblasts was neither immunosuppressive nor toxic to normal mice or
      mice previously treated with CCl4. A soluble toxic material released by the
      fibrosarcoma cells may be responsible for at least some of the systemic effects
      of localized SaD2-AG tumors growing at a site not involving vital structures, and
      a protective host mechanism whose maximum capacity can be decreased by the
      administration of CCl4 may minimize the toxic effects of the cancer-derived
      material.

PMID- 1206738
TI  - Cell-mediated immune responses to transplanted tumors in mice chronically exposed
      to cigarette smoke.
AB  - C57BL and BALB/c mice were exposed to fresh cigarette smoke for 7-8 minutes per
      day for varying periods up to 30 weeks before subcutaneous or intratracheal
      inoculation of viable tumor cells. The growth rates of subcutaneous tumors in the
      mice exposed to smoke were significantly higher than those of controls and more
      lung metastases were noted. Enhanced tumor growth rates in the respiratory tracts
      of smoke-exposed mice were evidenced by the markedly increased death rates in
      these animals after the intratracheal inoculation of tumor cells. Increased tumor
      growth rates in mice that inhaled smoke were assoicated with depressed tumor
      specific cytotoxic responses in both spleens and regional lymph nodes. Short-term
      exposure (10 wk) of mice to cigarette smoke resulted in decreased tumor growth
      rates concomitant with enhanced cytotoxic responses.

PMID- 1206740
TI  - Further observations on the inhibition of tumor growth by Corynebacterium parvum
      with cyclophosphamide. I. Variation in administration of both agents.
AB  - Studies from this laboratory have indicated that the administration of
      cyclophosphamide (CY) and Corynebacterium parvum (CP) over a prolonged time to
      C3H mice with established measurable tumors resulted in complete arrest of tumor
      growth as well as partial and complete regressions in many instances. The present
      investigations on optimal dosage, route, frequency, and sequence of
      administration of CY and CP in the model system were performed to obtain
      information that could be useful in the design of chemotherapeutic and
      immunotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of human tumors. Findings have
      suggested the need for administration of CP in more than one instance. Although a
      single dose of CP in combination with weekly injections of CY had a significantly
      prolonged inhibitory effect, weekly doses of CP and CY were more effective. We
      also concluded that the time between doses of an immunostimulating agent (I-I
      interval) as well as between administration of chemotherapy (C-C interval) may be
      critical for an optimal result. In this model system, C-C and I-I intervals of 7
      days inhibited tumor growth most effectively. The time between administration of
      chemotherapy and immunotherapy (C-I interval) has been considered critical.
      Whereas slightly better results were achieved in these studies when the
      immunotherapy was administered 4 days after the CY or when the C-I interval was
      +4 days, almost equally good results were obtained when both agents were given on
      the same day, which signified that the C-I interval may not be as critical as
      other investigators have reported. The present findings confirmed and extended
      our prior observations and indicated that the iv and ip routes of administration
      were superior to the im and sc routes in our model. The observed tumor growth
      inhibition was a result of both chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic
      modalities; also, the inhibitory properties of the regimen were more related to
      the chemotherapeutic component. Finally, almost identical tumor growth inhibition
      was observed when CP obtained from two different laboratories was used in
      conjunction with CY.

PMID- 1206739
TI  - Effect of dimethylmyleran on cell-mediated immunity to a tumor allograft.
AB  - C57BL/6 mice (H-2b) were inoculated on day 0 with killed Moloney lymphoma cells
      (LSTRA) of BALB/c origin (H-2d), and their spleen cells were tested for
      reactivity against LSTRA by the 51Cr-release cytotoxicity assay. Cytotoxic
      reactivity of cells from ice not treated with drug was maximal by day 6 and
      disappeared by day 10. Cells from mice given dimethylmyleran (DDM) (12 or 16
      mg/kg) on day -1 showed higher levels of cytotoxicity, whereas DMM administered
      on day +1 had little effect. The effect of DMM on the secondary response was
      tested and compared with that of cyclophosphamide (CY), 180 mg/kg. Cytotoxicity
      of cells from mice immunized on days 0 and 10 was maximal on day 15 and then
      declined. CY administered on day 11 prevented the development of any cytotoxicity
      and, when given on day 14 in the presence of a detectably strong secondary
      cytotoxic response, abolished the established response. In contrast, DMM given on
      day 11 delayed the onset and moderately decreased the peaks of secondary
      reactivity but had no effect when administered on day 14. These results showed
      that DMM enhanced a primary response, interfered somewhat with the development of
      a secondary response, and had no effect on an established secondary cell-mediated
      response to a tumor allograft. DMM thus was one of the rare agents with antitumor
      activity and little immunosuppressive action.

PMID- 1206741
TI  - Activation in vitro of mouse macrophages by syngeneic, allogeneic, or xenogeneic
      lymphocyte supernatants.
AB  - Macrophages from normal C57BL/6 mice, those with a subcutaneous B16 melanoma, and
      mice immunized against the tumor were examined for in vitro cytotoxicity to B16
      tumor cells. Macrophages were treated by incubation with supernatants from B16
      cells grown either in unmixed cultures or in cultures containing syngeneic,
      normal, or sensitized allogeneic (A mouse), or xenogeneic (rat) lymphocytes. The
      various treated and untreated macrophages were then cultured for 5 days with
      viable B16 cells prelabeled with 125I-5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine; the cultures were
      terminated, and the extent of destruction of the B16 target cells was determined
      from the amounts of radioactivity remaining in adherent tumor cells. Of the
      untreated macrophages, only those from immunized mice were cytotoxic to the tumor
      cells; macrophages from normal and tumor-bearing mice became cytotoxic by
      incubation with supernatants from cultures containing lymphocytes from immunized
      syngeneic mice, sensitized allogeneic mice, or sensitized rats; and macrophages
      incubated with supernatants from cultures containing normal nonsensitized
      allogeneic or xenogeneic lymphocytes showed no cytotoxicity. Thes results
      suggested that macrophages from tumor-bearing animals are potentially cytotoxic
      to their syngeneic tumors and can be activated by mediators released from
      sensitized syngeneic, allogeneic, and/or xenogeneic lymphocytes in vitro.

PMID- 1206742
TI  - Neoplastic and life-span effects of chronic exposure to tritium. II. Rats exposed
      in utero.
AB  - A study was conducted to determine the effects on neoplasia incidence and life
      span of exposure in utero to a major environmental radionuclide. Sprague-Dawley
      rats were continuously exposed to tritiated water (HTO) from conception through
      birth in doses of 0, 1, 10, 50, and 100 muCi HTO/ml body water. HTO
      administration was terminated at birth. Calculated cumulative doses during
      gestation were approximately 0, 6.6, 66, 330, and 660 rads of total body
      irradiation. Under these exposure conditions, the two highest doses resulted in
      sterile offspring. Animals surviving through 30 days postnatally were defined as
      the study population and observed until their deaths. Intrauterine exposures to
      doses up to 66 rads had no significant effects on either sex with respect to life
      span, overall neoplasia incidence, incidence rate, or onset of mammary
      fibroadenomas. Females exposed to 330 or 660 rads were sterile and had lower
      incidence rates of mammary fibroadenomass than did controls; at 660 rads females
      had a lower incidence of overall neoplasia and reduced mean life-spans. Sterile
      male offspring had reduced mean longevity after irradiation at 660 rads.
      Regardless of dose group, females had significantly higher incidences of
      neoplasia and longer life-spans than males.

PMID- 1206743
TI  - Stimulation of erythropoietic differentiation in BALB/c mice infected with
      Rauscher leukemia virus.
AB  - The function of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) hemolysis in ameliorating the anemia
      induced in mice by a slow-acting strain of Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV-A) was
      described. After cessation of treatment with PHZ, mid-stage RLV-A-infected,
      anemic mice responded with massive reticulocytoses and a rebound in hematocrit
      above control levels. RLV-infected mice, subjected to PHZ-induced hemolysis or
      phlebotomy, produced high levels of plasma erythropoietin (Ep); this suggested
      that Ep mediated the PHZ-induced differentiation. In addition, administration of
      exogenous Ep induced a wave of erythroid maturation in RLV-infected anemic mice,
      which indicated that virus-infected erythroid precursors could still respond to
      the hormone governing normal differentiation.

PMID- 1206745
TI  - Metronidazole: effect on radiosensitivity of tumor and normal tissues in mice.
AB  - Local control of a mammary carcinoma in air-breathing C3H mice was enhanced by
      giving metronidazole before radiotherapy; When 0.5-1.0 mg metronidazole/g body
      weight was given ip 10 minutes before irradiation, the dose required for local
      control of 50% of the tumors (TCD50) was reduced by a factor of 1.37-1.38. The
      TCD50 was reduced by a factor of 1.48-1.50 when tumors were irradiated 30-60
      minutes after 1.0 mg/g. Metronidazole alone, at a dose of 1.0 mg/g, only slightly
      inhibited tumor growth. The acute skin response of the leg, as determined by the
      radiation dose required to produce complete moist desquamation in 50% of the
      animals (DD50), was enhanced by a factor of 1.26 when mice were irradiated 10
      minutes after a dose of 1.0 mg metronidazole/g. Clonogenic cells in the jejunal
      epithelium were not sensitized after metronidazole administration in either air
      breathing mice or those irradiated in O2 30 pounds per square inch, but the drug
      appeared to exert a slight protective effect at higher doses of radiation.

PMID- 1206744
TI  - Neoplastic transformation of fetal rat brain cells in culture after exposure to
      ethylnitrosourea in vivo.
AB  - A single, transplacental pulse of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU; 75 mug/g body wt)
      to the fetal (18th day of gestation) BD IX rat led to death with malignant tumors
      of the central and peripheral nervous system after a median time of approximately
      195 days. In contrast to untreated control cells, dissociated brain cells
      transferred to long-term cell culture 20-90 hours after the ENU pulse became
      tumorigenic after approximately 200 days, as assayed by reimplantation into baby
      BD IX rats. This was preceded by a characteristic sequence of phenotypic
      alterations (termed "stages I-IV"). During early primary culture (stage I), both
      ENU and control cultures exhibited stationary glia-like cells on a growing layer
      of epithelioid (possibly glia precursors) and few fibroblast-like cells. Stage II
      (approximately 10th-40th day) was characterized by a constant proportion of glia
      like cells in the ENU cultures and by their disappearance in the controls. During
      stage III (approximately 40th-100th day), slowly proliferating glia-like cells in
      the ENU cultures formed "piled-up" foci. They could then be removed from the
      underlying cell layer and cultured separately. Transition to stage IV
      (approximately 100th-200th day) was marked by proliferation of morphologically
      altered cells, which subsequently acquired the capacity of form colonies in
      semisolid agar and finally became tumorigenic (stage V). This system may
      represent a model for the study of malignant transformation.

PMID- 1206746
TI  - Nonimmunogenic sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene treatment of murine
      fibroblasts in diffusion chambers.
AB  - A 30-mug dose of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) was applied for 1 week to normal
      BALB/c fibroblasts in cell-impermeable diffusion chambers (DC) in the peritoneal
      cavities of BALB/c micemtwo groups of DC cultures, in which the carcinogen was
      given during weeks 1 and 5 of cultivation, respectively, were compared for the
      frequency of malignant transformation and for the immunogenicity of the resulting
      neoplasms. The cells from each DC were transplanted sc into immunodepressed
      semisyngeneic mice for assay of their tumorigenicity. Although tumor yield was
      similar in the 2 groups (25 and 22%, respectively), there was clear difference in
      immunogenicity; 10 of 16 sarcomas from fibroblasts treated during week 1 of
      culture were nonimmunogenic, whereas 8 of 9 tumors from the older cultures were
      immunogenic (P less than 0.02). A kinetic study of normal fibroblasts in DC
      revealed that cells proliferated rapidly, with a peak at day 4 after seeding,
      then grew progressively more slowly and ceased to replicate between 14 and 28
      days of culture. Thus there was a notable difference at the moment of MCA
      application in the growth phase of the target cell population of the first as
      compared with the fifth week of culture, possible related to the different
      expression of tumor-associated transplantation antigens in the resulting
      neoplasms.

PMID- 1206747
TI  - Metabolism of dimethylnitrosamine to mutagenic intermediates by kidney microsomal
      enzymes and correlation with reported host susceptibility to kidney tumors.
AB  - Purified kidney microsomal enzymes from C3H/HeJ and Ha/1CR mice exhibited an
      unusually high capacity to generate mutagenic metabolites from
      dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) when compared with similar enzyme preparations from
      BALB/cJ and RF/J mice. These results suggested that the DMNA-activating enzymes
      involved in mutagen formation were either present at higher levels or were more
      active in the kidneys of C3H/HeJ and Ha/ICR mice than in those of the other two
      strains. This strain difference correlated with the established susceptibility of
      these four strains to the neoplastic activity of DMNA.

PMID- 1206748
TI  - Tumor growth: suppression in mice by submanidibular gland extirpation.
AB  - Transplanted A-10 breast adenocarcinomas grew more slowly in young-adult male
      A/HeJ mice from which the submandibular glands had been extirpated than in sham
      operated or unoperated control mice of the same strain. The mitotic index was
      lower in tumors from experimental animals than in those from controls.
      Vascularization about the tumor margins was also less prominent. The C1300
      neuroblastoma grew more slowly in sialoadenectomized mice than in controls.
      Modulation of tumor growth by factors of salivary gland origin may have been
      responsible for these effects.

PMID- 1206750
TI  - Topologic forms of mitochondrial DNA in AKR mice.
AB  - Circular dimer forms of mitochondrial DNA were found in leukemic and preleukemic
      AKR mice but not in nonleukemic animals. There was a positive correlation between
      the presence of circular dimers and progression of the disease, the leukemic mice
      having the greatest evidence of circular dimers. This finding suggested that the
      occurrence of early subcellular changes is an important cellular modification in
      the leukemogenic process.

PMID- 1206749
TI  - Carcinogenic effect of 2,2'-dimethyldipropylnitrosamine in Syrian hamsters.
AB  - Oxidation at the beta carbon occurred in metabolism of di-n-propylnitrosamine
      (DPN), previously shown to be carcinogenic for animals. When 2,2'
      dimethyldipropylnitrosamine (DMDPN) was injected sc once a week for life into
      male and female Syrian hamsters at levels of 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 mg/kg body
      weight, it induced neoplasms in the nasal cavities, larynx, trachea, and stem
      bronchi. Since the presence of a methyl group on the beta carbon suggested that
      DMDPN could not undergo beta oxidation, the carcinogenicity of DPN for these
      portions of the respiratory tract was probably unrelated to beta oxidation,
      though earlier experiments had indicated the possibility of this mechanism.
      Because DMDPN failed to induce neoplasms in other organs, the carcinogenicity of
      DPN or its beta metabolites for the lungs, liver, pancreas, and kidneys was not
      explained by this experiment.

PMID- 1206751
TI  - The dependence of successful immunotherapy on adequate tumor burden as shown by
      the treatment of AKR leukemia with poly A-poly U.
AB  - The therapeutic efficacy of polyadenlyic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U) on the
      transplantable AKR leukemia varied with the dose of tumor cells implanted. The
      greater the number of AKR tumor cells injected into 8-week-old AKR mice free of
      clinical evidence of cancer, the greater the effect of poly A-poly U in mediating
      host immunologic control of the tumor. Poly A-poly U was either ineffective or
      could enhance tumor growth when smaller doses of tumor cells were transferred.
      The efficacy of an immune adjuvant depended on a tumor burden affording optimum
      host responsiveness. This does not necessarily arise in the host bearing minimal
      tumor burden.

PMID- 1206752
TI  - Tumor suppression by a lymphokine released into the circulation of mice with
      delayed hypersensitivity.
AB  - Lymphokines such as migration inhibitory factor and type II interferon were
      released into the circulation of tuberculin-sensitive mice after iv injection of
      old tuberculin. Daily administration of such sera into the tumor sites of mice
      given implants of sarcoma MC-36 markedly suppressed tumor growth.

PMID- 1206753
TI  - Conversion of nitrosobenzene to N-phenylacetohydroxamic acid by yeast pyruvate
      decarboxylase.
AB  - In the presence of yeast enzyme concentrate or purified yeast pyruvate
      decarboxylase, nitrosobenzene was converted in part to N-phenylacetohydroxamic
      acid. This transformation had to be catalyzed by the enzyme, since the incubation
      of nitrosobenzene with the cofactor of pyruvate decarboxylase did not produce the
      hydroxamic acid. Similar incubations conducted with phenylhydroxylamine did not
      yield any detectable amounts of N-phenylacetohydroxamic acid.

PMID- 1206754
TI  - Prognosis in Kaposi's sarcoma.
AB  - We studied and followed up 112 African patients with Kaposi's sarcoma for at
      least 3 years or until death to determine what features of the disease at
      presentation most accurately predicted the prognosis. The clinical pattern of
      disease at presentation was most important. All patients with generalized disease
      died of their disease; the only deaths among those with nodular disease were due
      to intercurrent illness. The 3-year survuval rate among patients with locally
      aggressive lesions with 64%. We could obtain greater refinement of prognosis by
      noting the response to a dinitrochlorobenzene challenge, the presence of nodal
      involvement, and the histologic pattern of the tumor. The age and sex of the
      patient influenced the pattern of disease likely to be found, but the prognosis
      for a given clinical pattern was the same in both sexes and at different ages.

PMID- 1206755
TI  - Differentiation of melanocytes in cultures of primary malignant melanoma
      indicated by 5-S-cysteinyldopa formation.
AB  - The dedifferentiation of cultured primary human malignant melanocytes was not
      accompanied by disappearance of 5-S-cysteinyldopa formation. The addition of
      conditioned medium from undifferentiated fibroblast-like cells brought about the
      reappearance of pigmented melanocytes and the increase of the metabolite in the
      cells and culture medium. The presence of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in cultured cells
      indicated the melanocytic origin of undifferentiated cells, and the increase of
      this metabolite was characteristic of differentiation.

PMID- 1206756
TI  - Feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen. V. Humoral immune response
      to virus and cell membrane antigens in cats inoculated with Gardner-Arnstein
      feline sarcoma virus.
AB  - Tumor growth responses in 5- to 6-week-old kittens inoculated with the Gardner
      Arnstein strain of feline sarcoma virus exhibited three distinct pattern: 1)
      complete tumor regression or no detectable tumor growth in approximately one
      third of 43 inoculated kittens, 2) rapid tumor progression which led to
      debilitation and death within 16.2 +/- 4.2 weeks following infection in an
      additional one-third, and 3) slow tumor growth or temporary regressions in the
      remaining third. The feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen (FOCMA)
      antibody response was closely correlated with tumor progression; rapid
      progressors had the lowest antibody titers, whereas those in the "no tumor or
      permanent regression" categories had the highest titers. These results agreed
      with those previously observed with another virus strain, the Snyder-Theilen
      feline sarcoma virus. Cats in the intermediate categories of tumor growth also
      had intermediate levels of FOCMA antibody. The presence of virus-neutralizing
      (VN) activity was not always correlated with anti-FOCMA activity. Animals in the
      rapid-progressor category, compared to the regressors or slow progressors, were
      more likely to have detectable VN antibody during early periods. Conversely,
      animals in the regressor group or group with no tumors were more likely to show
      an early rise in detectable anti-FOCMA activity than animals in either of the
      progressor groups.

PMID- 1206757
TI  - Cell proliferation and atrophic gastritis in explanted canine gastric mucosa.
AB  - We produced experimental atrophic gastritis in 7 mongrel dogs by explanting a
      full-thickness wedge of vascularized mucosa from the gastric greater curvature
      onto the abdominal wall. Autoradiography of mucosal specimens was done after the
      iv injection of triated thymidine. The labeling index, S-phase duration, and cell
      cycle time were measured in normal and explanted fundic mucosa. The spatial
      distribution histograms of the labeled cells showed an enlarged are of
      proliferation. As in human atrophic gastritis, proliferation was shifted toward
      the mucosal surface. Significantly higher labeling indices were observed in the
      atrophic mucosa. Shortening of the S-phase  duration and the cell cycle time was
      indicated by the curves of the labeled mitoses. Proliferative activity was
      significantly accelerated in this experimental model of atrophic gastritis.

PMID- 1206758
TI  - Inhibitory effect of sodium ascorbate on ethylurea and sodium nitrite
      carcinogensis and negative findings in progeny after intestinal inoculation of
      precursors into pregnant hamsters.
AB  - To assess their carcinogenic effects, the ethylnitrosourea (ENU) precursors,
      ethylurea and sodium nitrite, [were administered to pregnant hamsters as a single
      intragastic] dose on day 15 of gestation, or introduced into the cecum on day 14.
      Since sodium ascorbate (NaASC) inhibits the biosynthesis of nitrosamides,
      identical doses of the precursors were given concomitantly with NaASC. Progeny of
      mothers treater intragastrically developed significant incidences of neurogenic
      tumors of the peripheral nervous system, with a predominance in females. The
      concurrent administration of NaASC with ENU precursors prevented carcinogenic
      effects in the progency, whereas the simultaneous inoculation of the precursors
      into the cecum produced no carcinogenic effects in the offspring.

PMID- 1206759
TI  - Mucosal damage induced by various gastric carcinogens in the glandular stomach of
      the rat.
AB  - The process of erosion formation in the glandular stomach of the rat given single
      and multiple intragastric doses of 100 mg N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
      (MNNG)/kg body weight, was studied histologically, histochemically, and
      ultramicroscopically and compared with erosion induced by other gastric
      carcinogens and erosion-forming chemicals. The acute effect of several nongastric
      carcinogens on the glandular mucosa was also studied. The earliest degenerative
      transformation, fatty change, was found in the surface mucous cells within 1 hour
      a one-pulse intragastric dose of 100 mg MNNG/kg body weight; the change gradually
      progressed into deeper glandular cells and after three successive doses, erosion
      was complete in every rat. Ultrastructurally, four main glandular cells showed
      essentially similar degenerative alterations. Fatty change was also induced by
      other gastric caricnogens such as 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide,
      methylnitrosocyanamide, methylnitrosourea, N-2-fluorenylacetamide, and
      iodacetamide, a noncarcinogenic alkylating agent. Mucosal damage induced by
      acetylsalicylic acid and thermal burn did not show fatty change. Nongastric
      carcinogens failed to induce mucosal damage. The relationship of the carcinogen
      induced fatty change and mucosal damage to carcinogenesis was discussed.

PMID- 1206760
TI  - Mchanisms of antitumor action of Corynebacterium parvum: nonspecific tumor cell
      destruction at site of immunologically mediated sensitivity reaction to C.
      parvum.
AB  - Mice immunized in the footpad with Corynebacterium parvum developed a systemic
      mechanism with a potential for destroying syngeneic tumor cells. The development
      of this mechanism of antitumor action depended on the generation of a state of
      systemic sensitivity to C. parvum antigens, which allowed an immunologically
      mediated inflammatory response to be focused at the site of a tumor cell
      challenge or in the bed of an established tumor. This resulted in complete
      inhibition of growth of the former regression of the latter. This nonspecific
      mechanism of tumor cell destruction could be utilized only during a relatively
      short period when mice were responding maximally to the organism. This
      corresponded to a period during which there was maximum cell division in the
      lymph node draining the site of immunization with C. parvum, maximum systemic
      macrophage activation, and maximum sensitivity to eliciting injections of the
      organism. The potential for destroying tumor cells could be transferred to normal
      recipients with lymph node cells from C. parvum-immunized donors, which indicated
      the distinct possibility that antitumor action was based on the cell-mediated
      response to C. parvum antigens. That the destruction of tumor cells at the site
      of a C. parvum sensitivity reaction was associated with a massive influx of mono
      nuclear cells provided further support for this possibility.

PMID- 1206761
TI  - Autoradiographic evidence for the association of DNA with intracytoplasmic A
      particle inclusions in situ.
AB  - Mice with subcutaneous transplants of a Leydig cell tumor were given tritiated
      thymidine sc proximal to the tumor mass. The labeled tissue was collected and
      samples for autoradiography were taken. Nuclei and intracytoplasmic. A
      particle(s) (CAP) were purified from the remainder of the tumor pool. The
      distribution of radioisotopic grains over electron microscopic autoradiography
      was semiquantitated and analyzed. Granin were found over CAP inclusions in situ.
      Comparison of the relative frequency of CAP-associated grains to nuclear grains
      by probability on a planar area basis revealed a higher frequency of thymidine
      incorporation into these structures. Isolation and comparison of the DNA(s)
      associated with CAP and nuclei showed a higher specific activity for CAP
      associated DNA than for nuclear DNA, which was in good agreement with the
      autoradiographic analysis. The DNA associated with the purified CAP possessed a
      significantly higher buoyant density  in CsCl than did the nuclear DNA. These
      reslult implied that this DNA was present in CAP inclusions in situ.

PMID- 1206762
TI  - Spontaneous tumors in ACI/N rats.
AB  - One hundred ninety-five spontaneous tumors, developing in 55 male and 209 female
      ACI/N rats in 169 weeks, were studied. The incidence was 56% (31/55) in males and
      52% (108/209) in females; their average survival time was 113 and 108 weeks,
      respectively. These neoplasms were found in all organ systems except those of the
      sensory and locomotor systems. In the males, interstitial cell tumors of the
      testis (45.5%, 25/55) were most frequent, followed by those in the adrenal
      (16.4%, 9/55) and pituitary glands (5.5%, 3/55), skin (5.5%, 3/55), and urinary
      bladder (3.6%, 2/55). In female rats, tumors of the pituitary gland (21.1%,
      44/209), uterus (12.9%, 27/209), mammary gland (11.1%, 23/209), adrenal gland
      (5.7%, 12/209), urinary bladder (4.8%, 10/209), thymus and lymph nodes (4.3%,
      9/209), subcutaneous tissues (1.4%, 3/209), heart (1.4%, 3/209), vagina (1.0%,
      2/209), and salivary gland (1.0%, 2/209) were detected. In addition, tumors of
      the glandular stomach, small intestine, spleen, trachea, lacrymal gland, ovary,
      brain, kidney, thyroid, and bone marrow were detected in 1 female each, and those
      of the small intestine, spleen, lung, and peritoneum in 1 male rat each. Only 6
      adenocarcinomas of the uterus, 3 lymphatic leukemias, 1 cortical carcinoma, and 1
      mesothelioma of 195 tumors observed in the present studies metastasized to remote
      organs.

PMID- 1206763
TI  - Mode of action of immunosuppressive substances in sera of tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - Sera from mice with transplanted 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced tumors
      inhibited the proliferative response of normal mouse lymphocytes to mitogens and
      allogeneic cells. The sera were not toxic to these cells and did not inhibit
      mitogen responses by an increased binding of mitogen to serum components. The
      sera could have prevented the initiation of the proliferative response or could
      have inhibited cells already proliferating. The uptake of 3H-uridine, an event
      preceding DNA synthesis, was also suppressed. The sera had no effect on
      proliferation of a normal tissue culture line or an allogeneic tumor cell line
      induced by MCA. However, sera from tumor-bearing mice slowed growth of the
      autochthonous tumor cells and allogeneic lymphoma cells but did not completely
      block their proliferation. Exposure of lymphoid cells to the sera for a period as
      brief as 1 hour markedly decreased the ability of cells to respond subsequently
      to mitogens, and washing of the cells did not restore that ability. The
      inhibitory activity of the sera was only partially removed by absorption with
      lymphoid cells or cell lines.

PMID- 1206764
TI  - Growth of human normal and neoplastic mammary tissues in the cleared mammary fat
      pad of the nude mouse.
AB  - Dysplastic and malignant human breast tissues were grown successfully in the
      cleared mammary fat pads (CFP) of nude mice. The mammary fat pads were cleared
      while the mice were in a germfree isolator. Prepared mice were removed fron the
      germfree enviornment to facilitate transplantation of the human mammary tissue 
      into their CFP and subsequently were maintained in sterile laminar flow racks.

PMID- 1206765
TI  - In vitro growth promotion of rat leukemia L5222 cells in the presence of 2
      mercaptoethanol.
AB  - Propagation of the transplantable acute rat leukemia L5222 in vitro was highly
      dependent on the reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanol (2-Me). Maximum growth
      promotion was obtained in the simultaneous presence of 1.25-2.5 x 10-4m 2-Me and
      30% fetal bovine serum in enriched tissue culture medium NCTC 135. A short
      exposure to the reducing agent insured growth of the leukemia cells for 5 days,
      but extended culture necessitated constant presence of the thiol. After 2-8 days
      of culture, inoculation of the cell suspension produced widespread leukemia in
      inbred BD IX rats.

PMID- 1206766
TI  - Colon carcinoma of highly inbred rats.
AB  - Colon carcinoma in related WF rats was found in several colonies. The tumors were
      noted in generations 12-15. Usually, the lesions were detected in 6-month-old
      animals. However, in later generations, the tumors seemed to occur earlier.

PMID- 1206767
TI  - Schistosomiasis: its significance in a changing human ecology.
AB  - Schistosomiasis is a man-made disease. Evaluation of the current status of
      schistosomiasis requires knowledge of the intensity of infection, a measure now
      dependent on quantitative egg counts and applied to data only on a limited scale.
      The determinants of intensity of infection are as yet ill-defined. Morbidity and
      mortality associated with schistosomiasis are difficult to assess in indigenous
      populations saddled with a multiplicity of diseases. However, the problem of
      schistosomiasis and its deleterious consequences will rapidly worsen as an
      expanding population creates new aquatic habitats favorable for the snail
      intermediate hosts and as people have increased contact with infected water.
      Moreover, the number of children is increasing fastest in the developing regions
      of the world. Children and young adolescents are the age groups primarily
      responsible for the transmission of schistosomiasis. We are in an era when a
      predominantly young population will increasingly contaminate a finite
      environment.

PMID- 1206768
TI  - Clinically available antischistosomal drugs.
AB  - The indications, the contraindications, and the characteristics of the antimonial
      and nonantimonial drugs clinically available for the treatment of human
      schistosomiasis are outlined. Of the antimonial compounds, antimony potassium
      tartrate or antimony sodium tartrate, both given by the intravenous route, are
      effective against Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni, and S. hematobium, but the
      production of severe side effects limits their use outside the treatment of
      individuals. Sodium antimonyl gluconate is less effective against S. mansoni and
      S. hemotobium and is also given intravenously. Of those antimonial compounds
      given intramuscularly, antimony dimercaptosuccinate is the most effective against
      all three common human schistosomes. Four available nonmetallic schistosomicides
      are considered. Niridazole, orally administered, is effective against all three
      common species of schistosome infecting man, but activity is maximal against S.
      hematobium. Many minor side effects have been described, but the major and most
      important side effects, neuropsychiatric symptoms and signs, are fortunately
      rare. Lucanthone hydrochloride, of moderate efficiency when given orally for S.
      hematobium or S. mansoni infections, is probably best used as a suppressant in
      small doses. Troublesome gastrointestinal toxicity limits its therapeutic use.
      Metrifonate, a cholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorus compound, is effective
      only against S. hematobium. Clinical tolerance is very good. Hycanthone mesylate
      is highly effective against S. mansoni and S. hematobium but ineffective against
      S. japonicum. It is given as a single intramuscular dose. Many contraindications
      to its use exist, and acute hepatotoxicity has occurred infrequently. Its
      association with mutagenicity in certain experimental test systems has stimulated
      numerous ongoing studies to clarify the implications of its use in humans.

PMID- 1206769
TI  - Evaluation of schistosomicides against experimentally established Schistosoma
      mansoni infections in mice and hamsters.
AB  - The procedures employed at the Sterling Winthrop Research Institute for the
      maintenance of Schistosoma mansoni, method of infection, and measurement of
      efficacy are discussed. Data are presented illustrating the activities of a
      number of known antischistosomal agents in mice and hamsters against a Puerto
      Rican strain of the parasite with a well-documented origin.

PMID- 1206770
TI  - Additional statistical evaluation and pharmacological considerations of
      hycanthone methanesulfonate-induced dominant lethality.
AB  - Investigations of the mutagenicity of hycanthone methanesulfonate (HCT) in
      mammals have led to varied results. To avoid ambiguous interpretation of
      significant results previously reported in two dominant-lethal studies of HCT a
      nested analysis of variance was performed on the number of corpora lutea per
      pregnant female, the number of implantations per pregnant female, average
      preimplantation losses, the number of dead implants per pregnant female, and the
      number of live implants. The analysis showed that variability among males and
      females was not responsible for the reported significant effects and consequently
      established the validity of the previous studies. Based on a comparison of the
      mammalian mutagenicity work performed utilizing hycanthone, pharmacokinetic
      factors are thought to be responsible for the differences seen; consideration of
      these factors in the future may lead to fewer false-negative results in mammalian
      systems.

PMID- 1206771
TI  - Results of tests for possible transmitted genetic effects of hycanthone in
      mammals.
AB  - Extensive tests to detect transmitted genetic effects of hycanthone in mammals
      have been made to provide the most pertinent information for estimating a
      possible mutagenic hazard of this compound. The tests include dominant lethal
      studies in males and females, X chromosome loss study in offspring of treated
      females, and a search for deficiencies and gene mutations in the offspring of
      treated males whose germ cells were exposed in spermatogonial and
      postspermatogonial stages. In most tests, no genetic effect of hycanthone was
      observed even at dosages much higher than the clinical level. In the few cases
      where the results are possibly or definitely positive, there is none where the
      magnitude of the effect estimated, with maximizing assumptions, at the clinical
      level reaches as high as 10% of the spontaneous mutation rate or 10% of the
      frequency in controls.

PMID- 1206772
TI  - A study of chromosomes of lymphocytes from patients treated with hycanthone.
AB  - The frequency of cells presenting chromosome abnormalities was determined in
      patients with schistosomiasis before and after treatment with a single dose of
      2.5 mg/kg body weight of hycanthone methanosulfonate. No significant effect of
      the drug was detected with this therapeutic dose.

PMID- 1206774
TI  - Transformation of cell cultures as a parameter for detecting the potential
      carcinogenicity of antischistosomal drugs.
AB  - Several antischistosomal drugs and their metabolites were found to transform rat
      embryo cell cultures persistently infected with the Rauscher leukemia virus. The
      transformed cells produced fibrosarcomas when implanted into newborn rats. Cell
      cultures treated with either virus or chemical alone were not transformed nor
      were they invasive in rats. The advantages of early screening of developmental
      drugs in cell culture systems are discussed.

PMID- 1206773
TI  - Evaluation of the teratogenic activity of hycanthone in mice and rabbits.
AB  - Hycanthone has been tested for embryotoxic activity in mice and rabbits.
      Treatment of mice on days 6-11 of gestation produced little embryotoxicity at a
      dose of 12.5 mg/kg, but produced teratogenic effects at 25 mg/kg and induced
      almost complete intrauterine death at 50 mg/kg. Single injections on various days
      of gestation demonstrated that the mouse conceptus is most sensitive to
      hycanthone-induced teratogenesis on gestation days 6 and 7, at which time a high
      incidence of exencephaly and skeletal malformations was found. Hycanthone (50
      mg/kg) given to pregnant mice on day 7 of gestation depressed DNA synthesis in
      embryonic tissue, an effect which was evident 30 minutes after drug treatment and
      which lasted at least 3 hours. Following a single injection of [3H-U]hycanthone
      into 7-day pregnant mice, radioactivity was rapidly cleared from the maternal
      plasma, having a half-life of 1-2 hours; higher levels of radioactivity were
      attained in the embryonic vesicles than in maternal plasma at all time intervals
      tested. Hycanthone also had embryotoxic activity in rabbits. A dose of 25 mg/kg
      increased the incidence of intrauterine death, and at 50 mg/kg both embryolethal
      and teratogenic effects were noted.

PMID- 1206775
TI  - Dissociation of mutagenic and other toxic properties from schistosomicides.
AB  - Structural alterations of two schistosomicides (hycanthone and niridazole) can
      bring about very marked reductions in mutagenic activity without decreasing
      antischistosomal potency. Therefore, these two effects are not necessarily
      associated with each other, providing opportunities for the design and
      development of safer schistosomicidal drugs.

PMID- 1206776
TI  - Long-term toxicity of antischistosomal drugs: summary and perspectives.
AB  - In addition to the papers presented at the workshop, there were also discussion
      periods following the presentations and concluding the whole workshop. The
      various parts in the present section represent summaries of the different
      discussions that took place at the end of the workshop, except for the first
      part, which reports on drugs currently used in the treatment of schistosomiasis
      and makes recommendations for developing new and better drugs. The other parts in
      this section present the discussions and recommendations dealing with these
      areas: epidemiology, infected animal studies, in vitro and in vivo test
      correlations, and benefit vs. risk correlation. The author of each paper served
      as a rapporteur for these discussion sessions.

PMID- 1206777
TI  - Freeze-fracture morphology of gap junctions in the trophoblast of the mouse
      embryo.

PMID- 1206779
TI  - The packing of southern bean mosaic virus in various crystal cells.

PMID- 1206778
TI  - Intercellular junctions in the vascular stria and spiral ligament.

PMID- 1206780
TI  - Ultrastructure of white-streaked Dendrobium phalaenopsis orchid flowers infected
      with a rhabdovirus.

PMID- 1206781
TI  - Gap junctions in the hemotrichorial placenta of the rat.

PMID- 1206782
TI  - Retinal differences between light-tolerant and light-avoiding slugs (Mollusca:
      Pulmonata).

PMID- 1206784
TI  - [Vesico-renal reflux in adults (author's transl)].
AB  - This article is based on an analysis of 88 cases of vesico-renal reflux, 43
      primary and 45 secundary ones. The author consider successively the clinical,
      bacteriological, radiological and endoscopical facts and their relations to the
      different types of reflux. They emphasize the frequency and the gravity of the
      primary reflux in adults and its probable connection with the genesis of the non
      obstructive pyelonephrities and the unilateral renal atrophies. Its noxioness is
      primarily connected with the infection. The secundary reflux, however, even
      infected, is relatively well tolerated in adults. In case of primary vesico-renal
      reflux the therapeutical conduct has to be extremely well suited. A surgical
      correction should only be considered if the kidney has satisfactorily maintained
      its fonction and if the tonicity of the excreting ways is still good enough. In
      case of secundary reflux, the therapeutical conduct depends first of all on the
      etiology. In the group of primary reflux 11 patients derived benefit from
      ureteral reimplantation; whereas in the group of secundary reflux only 5 patients
      were submitted to an operation. The method applied was that of Paquin.

PMID- 1206783
TI  - [Neo-bladder made from the rectum in surgical cure of uro-genital malformations
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors give a critical account of the results of artificial bladder
      construction using the rectum in complex genito-urinary malformations, such as,
      extrophic bladder, failure of correction of epispadias, and discuss 12 personal
      cases of which 6 out of 10 had been followed up for between 10 and 15 years. One
      important recommendation: in adults where the shincter system is normal,
      according to our experience, there is little trouble with urinary or fecal
      incontinence. In children, it is still necessary to develop a procedure which
      might permit one to express, numerically, the conclusions of the electrical
      examination and the volume above which resistance begins to break down. In small
      boys, after formation of the new bladder, one should attempt to restore
      micturition by the natural route, by reconstruction of the neck of the bladder,
      ileoplasty and reimplantation of the ureters in situ.

PMID- 1206785
TI  - [Long-term results of conservative surgery for bilateral renal tuberculosis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Long term results of conservative surgery for bilateral renal tuberculosis
      treated medically should be examined periodically (clinically, bacteriologically
      and radiologically) in order to detect early any possible changes in the renal or
      ureteric lesions, since surgery is sometimes of great benefit in particular in
      the case of a single kidney. Conservative and reparative operations are essential
      procedures which must be adapted to each individual case after careful study and
      only when covered by adequate treatment.

PMID- 1206786
TI  - [Cure of an adult prostatic sarcome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1206787
TI  - [Traumatic rupture of the sub-pyelic ureter after closed trauma in a child].

PMID- 1206788
TI  - [Urinary incontinence following excercise in a woman].

PMID- 1206790
TI  - [Opening of the ureter into the seminal vesicle and cancer of the testis].

PMID- 1206789
TI  - [Kidney cancer and selective renal arteriography. Apropos of 3 cases of difficult
      interpretation].

PMID- 1206792
TI  - [Varicocele and male sterility].

PMID- 1206791
TI  - [Auto-immune interstitial cystitis].

PMID- 1206793
TI  - [Retropubic prostatectomy. Anti-hemorrhagic personal technic on 3000 cases].

PMID- 1206794
TI  - [Successful management of a case of injury of the vena cava and the vascular
      pedicle of the right kidney in closed trauma of the abdomen].

PMID- 1206795
TI  - [Tumor of the excretory duct on a solitary kidney after nephrectomy of the other
      kidney for Grawitz's tumor].

PMID- 1206796
TI  - [Periureteritis revealing latent cancer].

PMID- 1206797
TI  - Protein synthesis in BHK-21 cells infected with semliki forest virus.
AB  - [3H]leucine-labeled proteins synthesized in BHK-21 cells infected with Semliki
      Forest virus were fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).
      Cellular and virus-specific proteins were identified by difference analysis of
      the PAGE profiles. The specific activity of intracellular [3H-A1leucine was
      determined. Two alterations of protein synthesis, which develop with different
      time courses, were discerned. (i) In infected cultures an inhibition of overall
      protein synthesis to about 25% of the protein synthesis in mock-infected cultures
      develops between about 1 and 4 h postinfection (p.i.). (ii) The relative amount
      of virus-specific polypeptides versus cellular polypeptides increases after
      infection. About 80% of the proteins synthesized at 4 h p.i. are cellular
      proteins. Since significant amounts of nontranslocating robosomes in
      polyribosomes were not detected up to 7 h p.i., the inhibition of protein
      synthesis is not caused by inactivation of about 75% of all polyribosomes but by
      a decreased protein synthetic activity of the majority of polyribosomes. Indirect
      evidence indicates that an inhibition of elongation and/or release of protein
      synthesis develops in infected cells, which is sufficient to account for the
      observed inhibition of protein synthesis. Inhibition of over-all protein
      synthesis developed when virus-specific RNA began to accumulate at the maximal
      rate. This relationship was observed during virus multiplication at 37, 30, and
      25 C. A possible mechanism by which synthesis of virus-specific RNA in the
      cytoplasm could inhibit cellular protein synthesis is discussed. Indirect
      evidence and analysis of polyribosomal RNA show that the increased synthesis of
      virus-specific protein is brought about by a substitution of cellular by viral
      mRNA in the polyribosomes.

PMID- 1206798
TI  - Viral RNA synthesis and levels of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases during
      replication of adenovirus 2.
AB  - The rates of RNA synthesis in cultured human KB cells infected by adenovirus 2
      were estimated by measuring the endogenous RNA polymerase activities in isolated
      nuclei. The fungal toxin alpha-amanitin was used to determine the relative and
      absolute levels of RNA polymerases I, II, and III in nuclei isolated during the
      course of infection. Whereas the level of endogenous RNA polymerase I activity in
      nuclei from infected cells remained constant relative to the level in nuclei from
      mock-infected cells, the endogenous RNA polymerase II and III activities each
      increased about 10-fold. These increases in endogenous RNA polymerase activities
      were accompanied by concomitant increases in the rates of synthesis in isolated
      nuclei of viral mRNA precursor, which was quantitated by electrophoretic analysis
      on polyacrylamide gels. The cellular RNA polymerase levels were measured with
      exogenous templates after solubilization and chromatographic resolution of the
      enzymes on DEAE-Sephadex, using procedures in which no losses of activity were
      apparent. In contrast to the endogenous RNA polymerase activities in isolated
      nuclei, the cellular levels of the solubilized class I, II, and III RNA
      polymerases remained constant throughout the course of the infection.
      Furthermore, no differences were detected in the chromatographic properties of
      the RNA polymerases obtained from infected or control mock-infected cells. These
      observations suggest that the increases in endogenous RNA polymerase activities
      in isolated nuclei are not due to variations in the cellular concentrations of
      the enzymes. Instead, it is likely that the increased endogenous enzyme
      activities result from either the large amounts of viral DNA template available
      as a consequence of viral replication of from replication or from functional
      modifications of the RNA polymerases or from a combination of these effects.

PMID- 1206800
TI  - Restriction enzyme digests of rapidly renaturing fragments of vaccinia virus DNA.
AB  - Vaccinia virus DNA fragments that have been denatured by alkali and then
      neutralized contain a fraction that rapidly reforms duplex structures. The
      fraction is enriched by fractionating on hydroxyapatite columns and serves as as
      substrate for digestion by two restriction endonucleases isolated from Hemophilus
      parainfluenzae, Hpa I and HPa II. The patterns obtained by gel electrophoresis of
      the digested fragments show the presence of three major bands after Hpa I
      digestion and four major bands after Hpa II digestion. The DNA that is isolated
      from some of these bands quickly reforms duplex regions after alkaline
      denaturation. The size of the DNA segments in the major bands has been estimated
      to be in the range of 0.44 X 10(6) to 3.2 X 10(6) daltons. The fragments which
      rapidly reform duplex chains after denaturation are sensitive to single-strand
      specific nucleases. These results are consistent with a model of vaccinia virus
      DNA which has a covalent link connecting complementary chains.

PMID- 1206799
TI  - DNA-minus temperature-sensitive mutants of adenovirus type 5 help adenovirus
      associated virus replication.
AB  - Efficient potentiation of adenovirus-associated viruses (AAV) replication occurs
      in coinfections with either of two DNA-minus temperature-sensitive mutants of
      adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), ts125 and ts149. The helper activity of these mutants
      does not result from leakiness. At the nonpermissive termperature (39.5 C) there
      was little or no detectable adenovirus DNA synthesis, and only a relatively low
      level of adenovirus transcription was observed. However, the synthesis of AAV DNA
      and RNA and the yield of infectious AAV were comparable in amounts to those found
      when wild-type Ad5 was the helper. Furthermore, an apparent lag in the initiation
      of AAV transcription after the onset of AAV DNA synthesis was seen in
      coinfections with both wild type or ts125. These findings strongly suggest that
      the adenovirus factor(s) required for AAV multiplication is produced early in the
      adenovirus DNA replication, this requirement does not include all factors
      directly needed for adenovirus DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1206801
TI  - Rapid purification of 70S RNA from media of cells producing RNA tumor viruses.
AB  - Media from cells producing RNA tumor viruses, when treated with sodium dodecyl
      sulfate and polyvinyl sulfate, yield 70S RNA as the major species binding
      oligo(dT)-cellulose. The procedure described for purifying 70S RNA requires no
      special equipment and is suitable for rapidly processing large quantities of
      media or for purifying RNA from commercially avialable virus, with a 5- to 10
      fold higher yield than was obtained using existing methods.

PMID- 1206802
TI  - Molecular weights of DNA from bacteriophages T5, T5st(O), BF23, and BF23st(4).
AB  - The DNA molecular weights were determined by calibrated electron microscopy. The
      results (in units of 10(6)) are: for T5, 77.4 +/- 2.4 T5st(O), 72.4 +/- 1.9;
      BF23, 76.7 +/- 2.3; and BF23st(4), 71.4 +/- 1.7.

PMID- 1206803
TI  - Comparison of RNA polymerase associated with Newcastle disease virus and a
      temperature-sensitive mutant of Newcastle disease virus isolated from
      persistently infected L cells.
AB  - An in vitro comparison was made of the RNA polymerase activity associated with
      Newcastle disease virus (NDVo) and three clones of the temperature-sensitive
      mutant (NDVpi) isolated from persistently infected L cells. Less polymerase
      activity was associated with the NDVpi clones. Also, compared to NDVo, an
      increase in incubation temperature from 32 to 37 or 42 C resulted in a marked
      decrease in polymerase activity for the temperature-sensitive mutants which
      coincided with their inability to replicate at 42 C.

PMID- 1206804
TI  - Toxic pollutant standards: paralysis or progress?

PMID- 1206805
TI  - Unit activity in somatosensory area II (SII) and tooth pulp stimulation in a cat.
AB  - Within and near the rostral half of the anterior ectosylvian gyrus of an
      unanesthetized chronic cat, properties of units which responded to stimulation of
      the ipsilateral upper canine tooth pulp were studied. In total 75 responsive
      units were recorded by 192 microelectrode penetrations. Discharge patterns of
      these units to pulp stimulation were classified into 3 types: single spike
      response (4 units), short burst response (66 units) and prolonged response
      continuing up to several hundred msec (4 units). Spontaneous activities of one
      exceptional unit were depressed for 200-300 msec after pulp stimulation. These
      units were scattered in the explored cortical area, indicating that the SII
      somatotopically organized area may also receive nociceptive inputs. Most of these
      units responded to some modalities of mechanical stimuli applied to various parts
      of the body surface including face and head. This result suggests that they may
      correspond to the neurons unspecific with regard to modality and place observed
      in the anesthetized cat. Few units activated by pulp stimulation were encountered
      in the rostral portion of the anterior ectosylvian gyrus, where MELZACK and
      HAUGEN (1957) recorded the evoked potential by pulp stimulation. Five tooth pulp
      sensitive units which were excited only by pin pricks and/or firm pressure were
      encountered on the dorsal bank of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus, the non
      somatotopically organized area of SII.

PMID- 1206806
TI  - A method of analysis of the pulmonary gas exchange system.
AB  - This method of system analysis is based on O2 and CO2 concentration curves
      obtained simultaneously from expired air during constant flow expiration. First,
      theoretical equations for alveolar O2 and CO2 curves were derived by using a
      simple gas exchange model. By substituting them with the measured data on
      alveolar gas concentrations and volume, such parameters as O2 uptake VO2,
      pulmonary blood flow Q and venous PCO2 were estimated. Expired air was
      continuously analyzed by means of a glow discharge gas analyzer and the alveolar
      gas volume was measured immediately after the gas analysis using a body
      plethysmograph. The estimated Q value showed a dispersion of about 14% average
      standard deviation in each subject, but other parameters showed no large
      variation. The average Q values of several measurements, however, corresponded
      with those obtained by an acetylene inhalation method. The VO2 also corresponded
      well with that measured by spirometry. This coinciding data seemed to reveal that
      the model was reasonable for the analysis. CO2 output, by virtue of the Haldane
      effect, was examined through the analyses in both normoxia and hypoxia in 9
      normal subjects. No significant effect was observed.

PMID- 1206807
TI  - Inhibition of hypoglossal motoneurons by stimulation of the jaw-opening muscle
      afferents.
AB  - The synaptic linkage of jaw-opening muscle afferents with the retractive and the
      protrusive motoneurons (R-Mns and P-Mns) in the hypoglossal motor nucleus was
      explored in anesthetized cats. It was found that stimulation of low-threshold
      afferents arising in the jaw-opening muscles (m. mylohyoideus and m. digastricus)
      evoked IPSPs in both R-Mns and P-Mns with about 10 to 15 msec latencies. By
      injecting Cl ions into R-Mns or P-Mns, the hyperpolarizing postsynaptic
      potentials evoked by jaw-opening muscle afferent impulses were reversed to
      depolarizing potentials. The lingual-IPSPs of hypoglossal motoneurons were
      concluded to be dependent on increase of Cl conductance. Stimulation of low
      threshold lingual afferents evoked a reflex discharge in the retractive nerve
      fibers with a 6.0 msec latency and in the protrusive nerve fibers with a 5.5 msec
      latency. Inhibition of the linguohypoglossal reflex by stimulation of the jaw
      opening muscle afferents was completely removed by an intravenous injection of
      strychnine (0.1 mg/kg) or picrotoxin (6 mg/kg). It is concluded that the low
      threshold afferents arising in the jaw-opening muscles are connected to both R
      Mns and P-Mns and P-Mns through inhibitory synapses via a polysynaptic pathway.

PMID- 1206808
TI  - Thermal influence on palmar sweating and mental influence on generalized sweating
      in man.
AB  - Sweat rates on the forearm and on the palm were simultaneously recorded by
      resistance hygrometry and the mode of sweating in these areas in response to
      thermal and non-thermal stimuli were compared with each other. In Series A,
      periodic infrared irradiation (1 min on, 1 min off) was done to the back of the
      trunk, and reflex responses in sweat rate were recorded on both test areas. A
      high correlation was noted between the mean changes in the palmar sweat rate and
      those in the forearm one during the irradiation cycle in a majority of cases.
      However the magnitude of the sweat response was much less on the palm than on the
      forearm. These observations reveal that the central mechanism of palmar sweating
      may be affected to some extent by the thermoregulatory mechanism. Series B was
      concerned with the pattern of response in forearm sweating to various non-thermal
      stimuli. Careful observations showed that the forearm sweating responded
      diversely to various mental stimuli, unlike the palmar sweating whose response
      was always an increase. Mental arithmetic, mental testing and physical exercise
      caused an immediate increase in the palmar sweating but often elicited a
      transient decrease in the forearm sweating, whereas pain, noise, and emotional
      stimuli consistently provoked an increase of sweating on the forearm as well as
      on the palm. These observations suggest that the activities of higher centers,
      presumably involving neocortex and limbic cortex, exert various influences on the
      central mechanisms of palmar and generalized sweating.

PMID- 1206809
TI  - Protein synthesis in mouse brain during development of acute morphine tolerance.
AB  - In order to observe the effects of morphine on protein metabolism in mouse brain,
      experimental procedures were carried out over a 7 hr period of infusion. When the
      analgesia reached a peak, namely around 2 hr after the start of infusion, the in
      vivo incorporation of radioactive leucine into protein estimated by the dual
      label technique was uniformally depressed in all the examined subcellular
      fractions of both brain and liver. After tolerance developed, however, the
      incorporation of leucine increased to a much higher level than the control in
      brain subcellular fractions and the increase was masked by naloxone. In contrast,
      the incorporation into a TCA soluble fraction of the brain S2, separated by Gray
      and Whittaker's method, was more than doubled even after 4 hr infusion. While the
      in vitro incorporation rate of the mitochondrial fraction significantly
      fluctuated during development of tolerance with naloxone that of the synaptosomal
      fraction did not fluctuate. The observed coincidence in the time course of
      development of tolerance and changes in the brain protein synthesis indicates a
      possible relationship between the phenomena, though the causal nature of the
      relationship could not be elucidated.

PMID- 1206810
TI  - Effect of diltiazem on electrical and mechanical activity of isolated cardiac
      ventricular muscle of guinea pig.
AB  - Diltiazem, a new 1,5-benzothiazepine derivative, antagonized calcium ion and thus
      caused a reduction in the contractile force of isolated papillary muscle. The
      antagonistic ratio of diltiazem to calcium ion was estimated to be approx. 1:
      100. A lower concentration of diltiazem (2.2 x 10(-6) M) decreased the
      contractile force without affecting significantly the intracellularly recorded
      resting and action potentials. When the concentration of the compound was
      increased to 2.2 x 10(-5) M, only the maximum rate of rise of the action
      potential was reduced, while the other parameters of the action potential were
      also affected at 1.1 x 10(-4) M diltiazem. There was no significant change in the
      resting potential. Under conditions where the contractile force almost
      disappeared (1.1 x 10(-4) M), the membrane excitability was retained. It is
      concluded that diltiazem is an excitation-contraction  uncoupler in the cardiac
      muscle cell and that the compound may exhibit its negative inotropic action by
      reducing in some way the intracellular concentration of free calcium ion
      available for the contractile mechanism.

PMID- 1206811
TI  - Effects of S-8527 (1, 1-bis (4'-(1"-carboxy-1"-methylpropoxy) phenyl)
      cyclohexane), a new hypolipidemic compound, on platelet aggregation, adhesiveness
      and blood coagulation in rats.
AB  - Effects of S-8527 (1,1-bis[4'-(1"-carboxy-1"-methylpropoxy) phenyl] cyclohexane)
      on platelet aggregation, adhesiveness and blood coagulation were examined in
      rats. In animals maintained on a semisynthetic diet containing sucrose (62%) as
      the only carbohydrate source, platelet adhesiveness increased as compared with
      that in rats fed a normal chow pellet. Under these experimental conditions, oral
      dose of S-8527 (30-300 mg/kg) for 14 days decreased platelet adhesiveness and ADP
      induced platelet aggregation, but did not decrease collagen-induced platelet
      aggregation. S-8527 also showed a slight but significant increase of R value of
      thrombelastograph. In rats which were fed a normal chow pellet oral dose of S
      8527 for 14 days did not significantly affect the several tests of platelet
      function and blood coagulation. These results suggest that S-8527 normalizes the
      platelet function in a hyper-adhesive state, but does not affect the platelet
      function in a normal state.

PMID- 1206812
TI  - Coronary vasodilatation and adrenergic receptors in the dog heart and coronary.
AB  - The question of whether the coronary blood vessels contain an intrinsic
      adrenergic mechanism for vasodilatation of physiological significance has been
      examined in the canine heart-lung preparation with a donor by studying the
      response of the coronary vessels to epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol
      and salbutamol in combination with practolol. To differentiate the vasodilatation
      mediated through adrenoceptors in the coronary vessels from that resulting from
      an increase in the myocardial O2 consumption, a special method of analysis was
      developed based on the linear relation between the coronary flow and the
      myocardial O2 consumption. It was found that all four compounds produced an
      increase in the coronary flow attributable to an increased myocardial O2
      consumption. Epinephrine and norepinephrine produced a decrease in the coronary
      flow after practolol which completely abolished the increase in the myocardial O2
      consumption as well as the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects produced
      by these compounds, while isoproterenol and salbutamol produced an increase.
      These results indicate that adrenergic beta-receptor exists in the coronary
      subserving a vasodilatation. However, the vasodilatation through this mechanism
      is of minor importance under physiological conditions and becomes completely
      masked in the presence of an overwhelmingly strong vasodilatation consequent to
      an increase in the myocardial O2 consumption.

PMID- 1206813
TI  - Comparison of the effects of norepinephrine and acetylcholine between
      intraarterial and extravascular administration to the isolated, blood-perfused
      canine atrium.
AB  - Effects of acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine on atrial contractility and
      pacemaker activity were investigated in isolated and blood-perfused canine atrium
      preparations whith a support dog which were suspended in the blood-filled bath
      kept at 37 degrees C. The drug was given in two forms of administration, i.e.,
      intraarterial injection into the cannulated sinus node artery or direct
      administration into the bath. ACh administered into the bath produced a
      significant decrease in the developed tension from a concentration of 10(-5) g/ml
      and norepinephrine produced a significant increase in the developed tension from
      3 X 10(-6) g/ml. An injection via the sinus node artery resulted in 300 and 100
      times greater response to ACh and norepinephrine, respectively, in the tension
      development. In atrial pacemaker activity, ACh given into the bath did not
      produce a dose-related decrease while norepinephrine produced a dose-related
      increase frequently accompanied by an irregularity of rhythmicity.

PMID- 1206814
TI  - Modifications of responses to adrenergic drugs in arterial strip by treatment in
      vivo with ephedrine and reserpine.
AB  - The aim of the present experiment was to investigate effects of ephedrine and
      reserpine, administered in vivo, on responses of dog isolated arterial strips to
      adrenergic drugs, and to study a possible mechanism involved in the reversal of
      blood pressure responses to dopamine. Dose-dependent contractile responses to
      adrenaline (A), dopamine (DA) and ephedrine (ED) were depressed in the femoral
      strips isolated from the ED-treated dogs as compared with those isolated from the
      untreated dogs. Those to noradrenaline (NA) were potentiated in low concentration
      and in hibited in high concentration, though those to tyramine (TY) were not
      altered. Relaxing and contractile responses to isoprenaline (IP) were inhibited.
      DA did not induce a relaxing effect but a contractile one even in the strips
      brought to a state of moderate tone with ED or phelypressin. In the strips
      isolated from the reserpine-treated dogs, contractile responses were to some
      extent potentiated by NA, A and DA, and significantly by ED, while those to TY
      were inhibited. Relaxing responses to IP were reduced and contractile responses
      potentiated. In the strips extirpated from the reserpine and ED-treated dogs,
      contractile responses to NA and A were potentiated in low concentration and
      tended to be potentiated in high concentration whereas those to DA and ED were
      not affected. Dose-dependent relaxing effects of DA in the dog renal and
      mesenteric strips contracted previously by KCl after phenoxybenzamine were
      attenuated by treatment with ephedrine in vivo. The results suggested that the
      dopamine reversal in the blood pressure may be mainly due to actions other than
      its peripheral effect on the blood vessels.

PMID- 1206815
TI  - Differences in the effect of ephedrine isomers on blood pressure in rats.

PMID- 1206816
TI  - Effects of fasting on the Henele's loop function of rat kidney.

PMID- 1206817
TI  - Potentiating effects of C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin on
      contractility of isolated guinea-pig gallbladder.

PMID- 1206818
TI  - Different responses to prostaglandins E1 and E2 of isolated canine coronary
      arteries.

PMID- 1206819
TI  - Different inotropic responses to adenosine on the atrial and ventricular muscle
      of the dog heart.

PMID- 1206820
TI  - Cyanotic congenital heart disease: Surgical techniques and pitfalls.
AB  - A review is presented of the currently employed approaches and techniques for the
      treatment of several forms of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Emphasis is
      placed on unusual associated defects which require special approaches for
      management. The question of definitive repair in infancy, as opposed to early
      palliation and later repair, is particularly pertinent to these conditions. It is
      evident that considerable progress has been made during the thirty-year evolution
      of surgery for congenital heart disease, but there are many advances yet to be
      made.

PMID- 1206821
TI  - Histological characteristics and postoperative course of gastric carcinoma.
AB  - The histological features of gastric carcinoma in patients survived more than 5
      years after the resection were reviewed. In general prognosis and length of
      survival were related clearly to the degree of malignancy of cancer. Duration of
      the remission was also reciprocaly related. Certain type of carcinoma simplex or
      undifferentiated carcinoma was associated with unexpectedly more favorable
      prognosis. Paradoxical relation was also demonstrated between degree of atypism
      in adenocarcinoma papillare with introversive pseudopapillary pattern and its
      prognosis.

PMID- 1206822
TI  - Prophylactic administrations of aspirin for the prevention of thrombo-embolic
      complications in postoperative reactive thrombocytosis.
AB  - Hyperfunctioning platelets in the thrombocytotic patients after major surgery
      were satisfactorily controlled by a small dose of aspirin ingestion. Since
      aspirin is well documented as a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation, a small
      dose of prophylactic administration of aspirin appeared to be a legitimate
      approach to a possible life-threatening thrombo-embolic complication after
      surgery, particularly when the platelets are excessively produced and
      hyperfunctioning.

PMID- 1206823
TI  - Occurrence of pulmonary insufficiency in abdominal trauma.
AB  - The alteration of pulmonary function in 35 patients with abdominal trauma
      admitted to the Trauma ICU of Oska University Hospital were studied. A fall of
      PaO2 reaching the lowest level on the third post-traumatic day, incomplete
      recovery even on the seventh posttraumatic day and of longer duration was
      remarkable in comparison to those seen after elective abdominal surgery. Thirty
      two patients recovered without need of particular respiratory control but
      remaining three died with progressive decrease of PaO2 in spite of the intensive
      respiratory care. The hypoxia seen in the fatal cases was irresponsive to the
      administration of 100 per cent O2 with mechanical ventilation. Therefore,
      increase in intrapulmonary shunt was likely to be responsible for their fatal
      course.

PMID- 1206825
TI  - Mild beta-thalassemia in black subjects.
AB  - In two American black families with beta-thalassemia, globin chain synthesis was
      investigated in vitro. The resultant alpha/beta and alpha/non-alpha labelling
      ratios were expressed in terms of both specific activity and total counts. In one
      family, two brothers with clinical presentations compatible with thalassemia
      intermedia had apparently each inherited two different beta-thalassemia alleles.
      Thus, they are compound heterozygotes. Their alpha/beta (or alpha/non-alpha)
      ratios were in the same range as those found in Caucasian subjects with severe
      Cooley's anemia. In addition, alpha/beta ratios in heterozygotes in this study
      were the same as those found in Caucasian heterozygotes. A difference in degree
      of chain imbalance measured by our present method cannot explain the relative
      lack of severe clinical manifestations of beta-thalassemia in blacks. Further
      family studies are indicated to discover other genetic or environmental factors
      modifying the effects of beta-thalassemia.

PMID- 1206824
TI  - Acute gangrenous colitis proximal to obstructive cancer of the sigmoid colon.
AB  - Two cases of massive gangrenous inflammation of the colon proximal to obstructive
      carcinomatous lesions, the so-called obstructive colitis, are reported. Because
      of the rarity of this condition, the etiological factors responsible for this
      entity are not yet clear. The detailed pathological and microbiological studies
      at the time of operation are essential to their further clarification.

PMID- 1206826
TI  - Early diagnosis of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head.
AB  - Intraosseous pressure in the intertrochanteric region, and response to a five
      mililiter saline load injected intraosseously were measured in twenty-four hips
      in twenty patients with ischemic necrosis of the femoral head and nine hips in
      seven controls. All hips in which subsequent biopsy proved ischemic necrosis of
      the femoral head showed either intraosseous pressure greater than 30 mmHg, a
      hypertensive response to the saline load, or both. All controls measure less than
      30 mmHg intraosseous pressure and no significant pressure rise to the saline
      injection. Intramedullary venography in ischemic necrosis of the femoral head
      revealed poor filling of extraosseous veins, diaphyseal reflux and delayed
      clearance of dye. These changes were present in all stages of ischemic necrosis
      of the femoral head including the pre-radiologic stage and constitute the basis
      for early detection.

PMID- 1206827
TI  - Clinical conferences at The Johns Hopkins Hospital.

PMID- 1206828
TI  - [Present status of pulmonary tuberculosis among labourers of Airen area in Osaka
      City (author's transl)].

PMID- 1206829
TI  - [Present status of pulmonary tuberculosis among employees of smaller enterprises
      in Tokyo. -Results of mass chest x-ray survey on employees under governmental
      health insurance scheme (report 15)- (author's transl)].

PMID- 1206830
TI  - [Studies on lipid composition of experimentally produced tuberculous lesions. 2.
      Experimental models using mouse peritoneal exudate cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 1206831
TI  - [Tuberculosis in Nepal--tuberculosis in a developing country and its control --a
      case study].

PMID- 1206832
TI  - [Relationship between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and hyperinsulinemia in
      coronary arteriosclerosis].
AB  - The disorders in the carbohydrates metabolism were studied along with the level
      of insulinemia in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, and the
      interrelationship between the pathological shifts in the lipid and carbohydrates
      metabolism were clarified. The study was conducted in 45 persons: 31 patients
      with coronary atherosclerosis and 14 normals. The indices of the lipid
      (cholestrol, triglycerides, NEFA, lipoproteids) and carbohydrates metabolism
      (blood sugar immunoreactive insulin) were analysed on an empty stomach and after
      glucose provocation. Twenty of the 31 patients demonstrated hyperinsulinemia, 25-
      an altered tolerance of carbohydrates. The authors believe that in
      atherosclerosis hyperinsulinemia develops against the background of pre-existing
      disorders in the lipid metabolism, and correlates with the degree of the increase
      in atherogenic lipoproteids.

PMID- 1206833
TI  - [Comparison of electrocardiographic data with morphological picture of atrial
      infarct].
AB  - The electrocardiographic changes were studied in autopsyproven fresh atrial
      infarction and compared with the morphological pattern of the lesion. The
      infarction was found to localize predominantly in the posterior wall of the right
      atrium. The morphological pattern of atrial infarction was similar to the changes
      developing in focal lesions of the left ventricular myocardium. The
      electrocardiographic pattern was characterized by the development of various
      rhythm and conductivity disorders, PQ (S-TP) segment shift, longer duration of
      the P wave, changes in its morphology, increase in the Macrus index. The
      electrocardiographic signs were demonstrated most comprehensively in cases of
      transmural lesions and with approximately the same rate on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd
      day of the lesion.

PMID- 1206834
TI  - [Pattern of the incidence of acute myocardial infarct within a 24 hour period].

PMID- 1206835
TI  - [Meso-telesystolic sounds in children].
AB  - Many years of observations over 80 children with meso-telesystolic clicks have
      brought evidence that these clicks usually come in combination with late systolic
      murmur and specific alterations in the posterio-phrenic portion of the left
      ventricle myocardium. The prevalent view today is that at the root of this
      interrelated triad lies a single intracardiac pathogenetic mechanism triggered by
      various causative factors. The pathology in question is met with in children of
      different age and may appear as a consequence of congenital maldevelopment, of an
      overt or cubclinical inflammation and also of a fibrotic process in the
      subvalvular region of the posterio-phrenic portion of the left ventricle.
      Clinical observations point also to the etiological part played by the rheumatic
      heart disease in the development of the said changes. It is on rare occasions
      only that the systolic click is of an extracardiac origin, being caused by
      pleuropericardiac adhesions. The meso-telesystolic click and late systolic
      murmur, being an expression  of a mild and moderate mitral insufficiency, have a
      favourable prognosis.

PMID- 1206836
TI  - [Certain mechanisms of persistent increase of the activity of blood serum
      dehydrogenase in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1206837
TI  - [Segmental pattern of coronary artery lesions in ischemic heart disease in old
      persons].

PMID- 1206838
TI  - [Changes of electrolytic composition of blood under the effect of experimental
      reversible myocardial ischemia].

PMID- 1206839
TI  - [Rivero-Corvallo symptom in mitral valve stenosis].

PMID- 1206840
TI  - [Device for automatic calibration of rheograms].

PMID- 1206841
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment with cardiac glycosides].

PMID- 1206842
TI  - [Treatment of circulatory insufficiency in patients with ischemic heart disease
      with digoxin and determination of its concentration in the blood serum by
      radioisotope method].
AB  - The radioisotope method with Rb86 was used for determining in vitro the serum
      concentration of Digoxin. The study was conducted in 57 patients with cardiac
      insufficiency in the acute period of myocardial infarction and with post
      infarction cardiosclerosis. The mean values of Digoxin concentration depending on
      the daily maintenance dose were obtained. The direct correlation between the
      amount of the drug taken and the content of the drug in the blood serum was
      proved. Digoxin intoxication was found to develop in cases of its content
      exceeding the mean level for the given dosage (4 patients), however, in 2
      patients signs of intoxication developed with a low concentration of Digoxin. The
      causes favouring the development of intoxication are discussed.

PMID- 1206843
TI  - [Use of gutimine for treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency].
AB  - The therapeutic effect of an antihypoxic drug--Gutimine--was studied in 30
      patients with chronic coronary insufficiency. The effect of gutimine on the
      adaptation for physical exercises connected with motor hypoxy in 5 normal
      individuals was used as control. The treatment with Gutimine resulted in a clear
      subjective improvement (less frequent and less intense anginal attacks) in 2/3 of
      the patients with chronic coronary insufficiency. Objective signs of improvement
      (positive ECG shifts, phases of the left ventricular systole and hemodynamics;
      increased tolerance of physical exercises) after Gutimine therapy were noted only
      in 4 patients who had a comparatively mild course of their disease and less
      distinct sclerotic changes in the myocardium. When Gutimine was used in normals,
      significant improvement of their capacity for work was noted, as well as an
      improvement of their cardiovascular functions and gas exchange parameters during
      "extreme" exercises. The positive effect of Gutimine was more distinct after 1-2
      weeks of its administration. Side effects were absent.

PMID- 1206844
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of the effect of curanthil on blood vessels of
      different organs].
AB  - In experiments on dogs conducted by means of resistography Curanthil
      (Dipyridamol) was shown to produce a consistent fall in the resistance to the
      blood flow in the cardiac vessels due to their active depressor reaction.
      Besides, Curanthil helps a distinct fall in the resistance of the vessels of the
      small intestine, sceletal muscles and, to a lower degree, of the brain. These
      data do not support those of a selective coronary-dilating action of this drug.
      The reaction of the renal vessels to Curanthil was not uniform and was
      predominantly of a pressor nature.

PMID- 1206845
TI  - [Antiarrythmic effect of cardiac glycosides in chronic ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1206846
TI  - [Contractile function and the effectiveness of oxygen utilization by the heart
      during adaptation to hypoxia].
AB  - Experiments on isolated functioning hearts of rats established that under equal
      filling pressure the hearts of the animals who are adapted to the periodic effect
      of hypoxy develop a higher force and rate of contractions; ultimately, the
      contractile function of such hearts, as calculated per unit of myocardial mass
      and unit of time, appears to be increased by 1/3. Oxygen consumption by the
      hearts of adapted animals does not much differ from the control values, and
      consequently, the efficiency of oxygen utilization increases approximately by
      1/3. A considerable increase of adrenoreactivity of the hearts of adapted animals
      is also noted. The obtained data are discussed proceeding from the assumption
      that an increased power of the potassium pump in the sarcoplasmatic reticulum of
      the myocardium of adapted animals may influence the coupling of oxydation with
      phosphorillation in the mytochondria.

PMID- 1206847
TI  - [Histoxic hypoxia as one of the causes of ventricular fibrillation and decreased
      myocardial contractility].
AB  - Long-lasting infusions of adrenalin were demonstrated to result in histotoxic
      hypoxy of the myocardium and its decreased contractility. After a preliminary
      ligation of several branches of the coronary arteries such situations often
      caused ventricular fibrillation. The restoration of the myocardial contractility
      and of the oxydation processes was achieved by the administration of Unithiol,
      Methionin, Cystein and Succimere. The latter often produce an unusual effect-
      arrest of ventricular fibrillation and restoration of a normal cardiac rhythm
      without electric defibrillation. The beneficial effect of these drugs is
      attributed by the authors to the presence of thiol groups in their structure.

PMID- 1206848
TI  - [Stimulation of protein synthesis in damaged cardiac muscle with RNA
      preparations].
AB  - Local injuries of the myocardium in rats induced by means of
      diathermocoagulation, as judged by the inclusion of C14-labelled aminoacids,
      stimulate the reparative biosynthesis of proteins in the injured and intact zones
      of the myocardium. Intraperitoneal administrations of a polymer RNA preparation
      from the cattle liver (6 mg/100 g of body weight) enhance the biosynthesis of
      proteins in the injured and intact zones of the myocardium 1.5--2--fold. The
      enzymatic hydrolyzate of RNA produces a less distinct stimulating effect. The
      authors believe that the RNA preparations may find their place in clinical
      stimulation of the reparative processes in the injured myocardium.

PMID- 1206849
TI  - [Content of sugar and immunoreactive insulin in the blood of patients with
      myocardial infarct].
AB  - The content of sugar in the blood and that of immunoreactive insulin was
      determined in myocardial infarction cases on the 1st, 7th and 30th day. On the
      30th day the carbohydrates tolerance test was conducted, and the content of
      immunoreactive insulin was determined after a glucose provocation. The assessment
      of glycemia and of the content of immunoreactive insulin was made in accordance
      with the type of the sugar curve. Hyperglycemia during the acute period of
      myocardial infarction was detected in 1/3 of the patients, a decrease of
      carbohydrates tolerance--2/3. Transient hyperglycemia was observed in persons in
      whom the glycemic and insulinemic curves resembled those in diabetes mellitus.
      The patients of this group displayed the same symptoms as those with diabetes
      mellitus. The dynamics of the content of the immunoreactive insulin from day to
      day of the disease differed in patients with transient hyperglycemia from those
      with normoglycemia.

PMID- 1206850
TI  - Surface areas of brush border and lateral cell walls in the rabbit proximal
      nephron.
AB  - A morphometric technique is used to estimate the absolute and relative surface
      areas of the brush border microvilli and cell walls bordering lateral
      intercellular spaces. In isolated, perfused proximal tubule from rabbit, the
      luminal and lateral surfaces are equal in area. For proximal convoluted tubules
      (PCT) each surface is 4.1 +/- 0.3 mu2/mu3 of epithelial cell volume or
      approximately 2.9 X 10(6) mu2/mm of tubule length. In proximal straight tubules
      (PST) the areas are 2.6 +/- 0.2 mu2/mu3 or 1.2 X 10(6) mu2/mm. Brush border
      enlarges the apical cell surface 36-fold in PCT and 15-fold in PST. The luminal
      and lateral cell surfaces each are approximately 20-fold (in PCT) and 10-fold (in
      PST) greater than the areas of the basal cell surface and tubule basement
      membrane. These data may be important in the context of an intercellular
      transport model.

PMID- 1206851
TI  - Growth in experimental renal failure: role of calorie and amino acid intake.
AB  - In order to evaluate the role of calorie and protein intake in growth impairment
      due to chronic renal failure (CRF), a subtotal nephrectomy was performed in
      weanling Wistar rats. A two-thirds reduction of renal function was obtained,
      which induced a marked growth retardation. Growth retardation was identical in
      nephrectomized and in pair-fed controls, and thus appeared to be entirely due to
      a deficient food intake. Using low protein diets, administration of a supplement
      with small amounts of essential amino acids (EAA) resulted in accelerated growth
      associated with a higher calorie intake, a better utilization of ingested
      calories for growth and a greater fall of blood urea nitrogen concentration.

PMID- 1206852
TI  - Effects of furosemide on low-dose mercuric chloride acute renal failure in the
      rat.
AB  - The use of potent diuretics in acute renal failure remains controversial. Both
      beneficial and detrimental effects have been reported. In the present study, the
      effects of both low and high doses of furosemide administered in the
      developmental and established stages of mercuric chloride-induced acute renal
      failure were evaluated. Both low and high doses of furosemide produced a
      significant diuresis when given early in the course of experimental acute renal
      failure. Despite this diuresis, furosemide did not modify the development of the
      acute renal failure. Continued administration of a low dose of furosemide had no
      effect on renal function; however, prolonged administration of high doses of
      furosemide resulted in significantly lower creatinine clearances 48 hr after
      induction of acute renal failure. This detrimental effect was due to sodium
      depletion by the diuretic since it was prevented by continuous replacement of
      urinary sodium losses. In the absence of sodium depletion, high doses of
      furosemide produced a significant diuresis, both in the developmental and
      established phases of acute renal failure, but it had no effect on the degree of
      renal functional impairment.

PMID- 1206853
TI  - Transepithelial potential difference profile of the distal tubule of the rat
      kidney.
AB  - In a recent micropuncture study electrodes with relatively large tips (3 to 5 mu
      O.D.) and, hence, low tip resistances were used to measure the transepithelial
      potential difference (PD) across the proximal tubule of the rat kidney. The
      present study reexamines the PD of the distal tubule of the rat kidney using such
      electrodes. In contrast to previous studies where a negative PD has been
      uniformly found in the distal tubule, the transtubular PD was found to be
      positively oriented (+3.7 mv) when particular efforts were made to puncture the
      earliest accessible segments. In accord with previous observations, the PD of the
      late segment was consistently negative (mean, -19.6 mv). Morphologic examination
      of the epithelium at the site of puncture suggests that in the very early distal
      tubule where positive potentials are recorded, the epithelium is characteristic
      of the distal convoluted tubule. By contrast, in the latter part of the distal
      tubule, where negative potentials are recorded, the epithelium displays the
      morphologic characteristics of the cortical collecting duct. The results of these
      studies suggest that the net transport properties of the distal tubule, that is
      the region of the nephron beginning just beyond the macula densa and extending to
      the first junction with another renal tubule, are a composite of activities of at
      least two types of epithelium.

PMID- 1206854
TI  - [Acute abdomen in the Wissler-Fanconi syndrome].

PMID- 1206856
TI  - [Iron prevention in infancy and early childhood with special reference to the
      nursery child].

PMID- 1206855
TI  - [Gold therapy in the therapeutic plan for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1206857
TI  - [Diagnostic problems of the choledochus cyst in childhood].

PMID- 1206858
TI  - [Roentgenologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of duodenal stenosis in
      infancy and early childhood].

PMID- 1206859
TI  - [Effective recompensation of a chronic decompensated metabolism in childhood
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1206860
TI  - [Pancreatic abscess as a complication of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1206861
TI  - [Glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in complicated forms of
      cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1206862
TI  - [Thoracic duct drainage for external lymph letting].

PMID- 1206863
TI  - [Mortality at remote periods after splenectomy in patients with the syndrome of
      portal hypertension].

PMID- 1206864
TI  - [Bile duct injuries during cholecystectomy].

PMID- 1206865
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis and treatment of cholelithiasis in patients with
      opistorkhozom].

PMID- 1206867
TI  - [Use of Soviet-made/fiber-optic choledochoscope and balloon catheter in surgery
      of the biliary tract].

PMID- 1206866
TI  - [Injuries of the extrahepatic bile ducts and the Wirsung's duct during stomach
      resection].

PMID- 1206868
TI  - [Cavernous hemangioma of the accessory lobe of the liver].

PMID- 1206869
TI  - [Ectopy of pancreatic tissue into the stomach].

PMID- 1206870
TI  - [Pancreatitis in children].

PMID- 1206871
TI  - [Perforation of the common bile duct in pregnancy].

PMID- 1206872
TI  - [Acute phlegmono-gangrenous cholecystitis in a child].

PMID- 1206873
TI  - [Use of proteolytic enzymes in suppuration of the residual cavities of the liver
      after echnicoccectomy].

PMID- 1206874
TI  - [Combined use of choledochoduodenostomy and sphincterotomy].

PMID- 1206875
TI  - [Incarceration of calculi in the major duodenal papilla].

PMID- 1206876
TI  - [Papillosphincterotomy in surgical treatment of complicated cholecystitis].

PMID- 1206877
TI  - [Surgical tactics in different forms of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1206879
TI  - [Repeated operations after cholecystectomy].

PMID- 1206878
TI  - [Complex treatment of acute inflammation of the biliary tract].

PMID- 1206881
TI  - [Cholecystocoronary syndrome].

PMID- 1206880
TI  - [Cholesterosis of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1206882
TI  - [Angiographic signs of pancreatic diseases].

PMID- 1206883
TI  - [Complex and combined x-ray-radioisotope examination in echinococcosis and
      alveococcosis of the liver].

PMID- 1206884
TI  - [Treatment od acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1206885
TI  - [Clinical use of an improved model of operative photocholedochoscope].

PMID- 1206887
TI  - [Functional state of the liver in anesthesia and surgery].

PMID- 1206886
TI  - [Biopsy of the pancreas].

PMID- 1206888
TI  - [Effect of different types of anesthesia and surgical trauma on pancreatic
      function].

PMID- 1206889
TI  - [Intrahepatic circulation after cholecystectomy].

PMID- 1206890
TI  - [Clinico-morphological evaluation od acute cholecystitis in middle-aged and old
      patients].

PMID- 1206891
TI  - [Diagnosis of volemic disorders in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1206892
TI  - [Surgical treatment of complicated inguinal hernia].

PMID- 1206894
TI  - [Diagnostic errors in acute empyema in children].

PMID- 1206893
TI  - [Stimulation of osteogenesis in children with thyrocalcitonin after surgical
      lengthening of the lower limb].

PMID- 1206895
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis of intestinal obstruction in patients with cardiovascular
      disorders].

PMID- 1206896
TI  - [Characteristics of anesthesia and resuscitation in emergency lung surgery].

PMID- 1206897
TI  - [Prevention of postoperative suppurative complications by intensive therapy].

PMID- 1206898
TI  - [Reconstructive operations in cicatricial esophageal obstruction].

PMID- 1206899
TI  - [Surgical treatment of combined cicatricial stenoses of the esophagus and
      stomach].

PMID- 1206900
TI  - [Surgical treatment of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax].

PMID- 1206901
TI  - [Evaluation of the methods of obtaining biopsy material for diagnosis of lung
      diseases].

PMID- 1206902
TI  - [Selection of a method of surgical intervention in complicated peptic ulcer].

PMID- 1206903
TI  - [Regurgitation and reflux esophagitis after gastrectomy].

PMID- 1206904
TI  - [Combined treatment of operable stomach cancer].

PMID- 1206905
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery after isolated resection of the duodenum].

PMID- 1206906
TI  - [Coloplasty after extensive operations on the left half of the large intestine].

PMID- 1206907
TI  - [Selection of the method of treatment of rectal cancer in the light of factors of
      immediate and late prognosis].

PMID- 1206908
TI  - [Principles of intensive care in the postoperative period].

PMID- 1206909
TI  - [Effect of ligation of the splenic artery on porto-hepatic circulation].

PMID- 1206910
TI  - [Causes of acute non-microbial diseases of the biliary tract].

PMID- 1206911
TI  - [Diagnosis of lesions of terminal portion of common bile duct and Vater's
      ampulla].

PMID- 1206912
TI  - [Surgical treatment of high obstruction of the biliary tract].

PMID- 1206913
TI  - [Some clinical aspects concerning diplopia after retinal detachment surgery with
      cryopexy and episcleral silastic sponge (author's transl)].
AB  - The aetiology of diplopia following retinal detachment surgery after the Lincoff
      Custodis method is examined. Of 140 patients operated, 16 (i.e. 11.4%) developed
      diplopia. The authors believe that this diplopia is due to a fixation of the
      eyeball at the point of the silastic sponge placement. As responsible factors,
      which depend on the manner of sponge fixation and the size of the sponge, they
      regard: Alteration of the bulb curvature, shortening of the Tenon's capsule
      placed over the sponge, and changes in the conditions of muscular action.

PMID- 1206914
TI  - [Mechanical factors contributing to the cause of retinal detachment (author's
      transl)].
AB  - There is no doubt that besides the anatomical changes in vitreous and retinal
      structures mechanical factors are involved in producing retinal detachment.
      Especially vertical accelerations can produce fast movements of the vitreous,
      which also can induce the retina. To investigate the effect of various external
      movements upon the eye a number of experiments were made: 31 variations of
      movements with and without different vehicles at different speeds have been
      investigated. As direct measurements of acceleration of the eye are not possible
      at present, the upper verges of the orbitae were chosen as measuring point.
      Additionally accelerations were measured nearest to the place of the entrance of
      vibration to the body in order to examine the transmissibility of vibration to
      the orbita. The transduced signal of the accelerometer was recorded on a tape.
      When measuring in vehicles or riding, radiotelemetry of the signal was used. The
      statistical analysis of the results was performed. Typical frequencies were found
      in which the amplitude of the induced acceleration even is enlargen on its way
      through the body to the orbita. The significance of the different results for
      producing dangerous mechanical stress to the eye is discussed.

PMID- 1206915
TI  - [Block-excision of intraocular processes. II. Epithelial ingrowth into the
      anterior segment of the eye (author's transl)].
AB  - Extensive posttraumatic epithelial ingrowth was completely removed by block
      excision of 10 to 11 nm diameter from 3 eyes. The cyst is excised together with
      adjacent cornea, sclera, iris and ciliary body as a single "block". Thus direct
      manipulation of the delicate wall of the intact cyst is avoided, the invading
      epithelium is totally eradicated and a recurrence impossible. The defect of the
      globe extending up to 6 mm beyond the limbus is covered by a tectonic corneal
      graft. This procedure was derived from a clinicopathologic study of 35 epithelial
      ingrowths among 1300 enucleations between 1966-1974. Attempts of excision
      confined to cornea and iris always have been incomplete. 25 enucleated globes
      with epithelial ingrowth revealed an attached retina in 16 eyes indicating
      probably useful visual acuity in case of early complete "block-excision".

PMID- 1206917
TI  - [Angiographic diagnosis of hemangiomas in the orbital region (author's transl)].
AB  - The polymorphus hemangiomas-especially those of the cavernous type in the orbital
      region, the face, the scalp or the rhinopharynx are not demonstrable neither by
      arterial nor venous angiography. If direct puncture of the angioma is possible,
      the injection of radioopaque medium shows a characteristic picture. The smooth
      limitation, partial septation and the delayed outflow of contrast medium are
      important criterions for the differential diagnosis. Moreover the delimitation of
      the hemangioma from the surrounding tissue is possible and the best surgical
      access can be selected. If the expanding process is situated in the orbit, and
      has reached a certain size, the venography of the orbit indicates the extent and
      localization of the orbital mass.

PMID- 1206916
TI  - [Visual training of partial blinds due to organic lesions (author's transl)].
AB  - The immanent sense of optic orientation in space is related to the unchangeable
      line of principal visual direction and its collaterals. Therefore in patients
      with loss of central vision due to organic lesion the orientation in space is
      impaired as well. as a result of a vicious circle of indistinct vision, eccentric
      fixation and suppresion of foveal perception. By a systematic training the normal
      sense of direction may be restored and thereby relatively good orientation and by
      reactivation of the suppressed macular perceptions some reading ability may be
      regained. Based on experience during 15 years the special diagnostic, the
      training course and the results of the method are reported and the possibility of
      rehabilitation of patients with to a high degree impaired central vision due to
      organic lesions is shown.

PMID- 1206918
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of bitemporal paracentral visual fields defects in "low
      tension glaucoma" and tumors of the pituitary gland (author's transl)].
AB  - A 46-year-old patient shows paracentral scotomas in the oblique meridians of the
      visual fields. Additionally there exists pathologically cupped, atrophical disks
      which lead to the tentative diagnosis of "low-tension glaucoma". As the scotomas
      are bitemporally located a tumor near the chiasm must be the cause for these
      field defects. During the operation a chromophobe adenoma of the pituitary gland
      was found in the patient. We pointed out that even arcuate scotomas which cross
      the vertical meridian of the visual field can be caused by an intra- or
      parasellar tumor. As Hoyt has shown in his investigations in animals one could
      suppose that these scotomas can be developed from direct compression of the
      chiasm.

PMID- 1206919
TI  - [Problems of intraocular pressure in scuba diving (author's transl)].
AB  - The reactions of intraocular pressure (i. o. p.), pulse rate, and blood pressure
      were studied on 30 scuba divers in a pressure tank. Under excess pressures of 2
      and 4 atm the i.o.p. showed an average fall of 2-3 mm Hg. The pulse rate fell in
      average by 4-5/min, while the blood pressure only showed minor changes. In the
      authors' opinion a well compensated chronic simple glaucoma with intact discs and
      fields does not exclude fitness for scuba diving.

PMID- 1206920
TI  - [Clinical problems of different forms of heterochromie(author's transl)].
AB  - The causes of hypo- and hyperchromic heterochromia were analysed in 94 patients.
      The hypochromic forms were the commonest, especially the Fuchs-Herrenschwandt
      heterochromia, and heterochromia simplex. Also after degenerative diseases and
      accidents appears almost exclusively hypochromic heterochromia. Causes of
      hyperchromic heterochromia (siderosis, melanosis, wart-iris) were in the
      minority. Finally a heterogenous group of pseudoheterochromiae were more closely
      examined. This group seemed to be mainly hypochromic but in 2 rare cases the
      pseudoheterochromia was cuased by a brown dystrophy of the repeatedly inflamed
      cornea, probably associated with repeated fluorescien-staining of large corneal
      erosions.

PMID- 1206921
TI  - [Monitoring the progress of lens opacities in cases of senile cataract by retro
      illumination photography (author's transl)].
AB  - A follow-up study of lens opacities, utilizing retro-illumination photography
      with the fundus camera is described. After giving technical details, results are
      discussed and possible errors pointed out. If evaluation by planimetry or other
      devices is not possible, a useful procedure is the evaluation of simultaneous
      projected slides by a group of ophthalmologists not directly involved in the
      trial. This is demonstrated by testing the effect of 1-hydroxy-pyrido-(3,2alpha)
      5-phenoxazone-3-carboxylic acid on the progress of senile cataract in a total of
      48 eyes. Together with slit image photography of Brown (2, 3) the method of retro
      illumination photography of the lens presented in this paper is a definite
      improvement in demonstrating the temporal course of cataract development.

PMID- 1206922
TI  - [Practical experiences with the pilocarpine-test for the early diagnosis of
      glaucoma (author's transl)].
AB  - The Pilocarpin-test according to Hollwich proved to be useful expecially for
      older patients where the carrying out of a functional test can be difficult also
      for myopes with suspected glaucoma.

PMID- 1206923
TI  - [The control of postoperative inflammation with fluorometholon (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Control of postoperative inflammation is essential in corneal surgery. Frequently
      this control must be extended for long periods of time. The long-term use of
      steroids such as prednisolone or dexamethasone is therefore limited because of
      the risk of inducing a rise in intraocular pressure. Personal experience in
      almost 400 surgical procedures indicates that fluorometholone has the ability to
      suppress inflammation without inducing significant increases in intraocular
      pressure. Fluorometholone should therefore be considered as the steroid of choice
      for the control of postoperative inflammation.

PMID- 1206924
TI  - [Persistent iridoplegia and filamentary keratitis complications following
      cataract extraction (author's transl)].
AB  - In a series of 3,222 cataract operations where enzymatic zonulolysis with
      Alphachymotrypsin was employed, the authors describe two complications which are
      thought to be due to the effects of the enzyme. They are the persistent
      iridoplegia in 18 cases (0.05) and the filamentary keratitis in 34 patients
      (1.05%). The clinical picture of an acute enzymatic intraocular pressure increase
      and the appearance of a persistent iridoplegia are discussed. Furthermore, these
      complications are brought together in tables and associated with other which are
      also thought to be caused by Chymotrypsin.

PMID- 1206925
TI  - [Fitting of contact lenses in children and juveniles with progressive myopia
      (author's transl)].
AB  - More than 200 children and juveniles till 15 years who got contact lenses because
      of myopia progressiva, were continuously controlled more than 3 years before and
      after the fitting. In the majority of the cases a favorable influence on the
      progression of myopia could be observed.

PMID- 1206926
TI  - [Results with automatic refraction (author's transl)].
AB  - Hundred eyes of young patients with an average age of 25 years were measured with
      two refraction methods: 1. subjectiv refraction and 2. automatic refraction with
      the "Dioptron". The results of refraction and visual acuity before and after
      cycloplegia were compared. As for the spherical aquivalents we found a very good
      correlation between both methods (r - 0,98). The "Dioptron" printed out stronger
      cylindric powers as were found with the subjectiv refraction. Furthermore it
      could be shown that the stronger the cylindric power the smaller the axial
      deviation between subjectiv and automatic refraction. We believe that the
      automatic refraction with "Dioptron" is a good screening method, which cannot
      replace fine subjective adjustments, but complements them by serving as a good
      starting point for the refractive procedure.

PMID- 1206927
TI  - [The psychosomatic factors in ophthalmology (author's transl)].
AB  - The importance of the psychosomatic factors is gradually increasing in the
      ophthalmological practice. In cases with hysterical symptoms they cause amaurosis
      and changes of refraction. Emotional factors lead to strabism and photophoby.
      Anxiety conditions and stress effect lead to glaucoma. In a short review the
      principles of psychosomatic treatment are dealt with.

PMID- 1206928
TI  - [Diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-syndrome (uveoencephalitis) (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Some aspects of the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of VHK-syndrome are
      described from the long term observations of two cases in our clinic. The most
      important point in differential diagnosis is the presence of proved meningo
      encephalitis. Systemic immunosuppressive therapy did probably not modify the
      course of the disease. The functional results in our patients were good.

PMID- 1206929
TI  - [Maculopathia solaris after ingestion of LSD (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on a case of maculopathia solaris in a 25-year-old white male following an
      ingestion of LSD. Within a period of 7 months there was an amelioration of the
      visual acuity from 0.4 respectively 0.6 to 1.0 in both eyes.

PMID- 1206930
TI  - [Vibration, a new way of cutting in ophthalmic surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Rapid movement (vibration) of a movable scissor blade against a stationary blade
      at alternating current frequency (50 Hz) provides considerable improvement of
      cutting power and decreases distortion and crushing of the tissue. The article
      describes vibrational scissors for cataract surgery.

PMID- 1206931
TI  - [Retinal detachment, caused by hyperaemia of the choroid? Remarks on the supposed
      relationship between retinal detachment and "indirect trauma" (author's transl)].
AB  - It was recently stressed by Scheerer that retinal detachment in a highly myopic
      eye may be caused by hyperaemia of the choroid, presumably occuring during heavy
      physical labour which is performed by a non-trained person. Clinical studies have
      shown, however, that choroidal detachment, resulting from either hemorrhagic, or
      serous accumulation of fluid during operative procedures or during postoperative
      periods, is not followed by retinal detachment. Also experimental occlusion of
      large choroidal vessels, associated with hyperaemia in the choroidal vasculature,
      does not lead to retinal changes inducing the separation of the neuroretina from
      the pigment epithelium layer. Thus, it is concluded that choroidal hyperaemia,
      possibly occuring during heavy physical labour, has no relationship to the
      development of a retinal detachment in a "disposed" eye.

PMID- 1206932
TI  - [Cataract surgery and trabeculectomy at the same time (author's transl)].
AB  - It is not unusual to observe in the same eye a chronic glaucoma and a cataract.
      Surgery may be indicated for one of these diseases separately or for both of
      them. For simultaneous operation on glaucoma and cataract several attitudes could
      be discussed: a) cataract surgery and medical treatment of glaucoma, b) glaucoma
      surgery at first and then cataract surgery, c) cataract and glaucoma surgery at
      the same time. Since trabeculectomy is used for glaucoma surgery, the author
      performs the combined method, i.e. the simultaneous lens extraction and the
      operation of glaucoma through trabeculectomy. The advantages of trabec-lectomy
      over the other techniques for glaucoma surgery indicated that trabeculectomy over
      the other techniques for glaucoma surgery indicated that trabeculectomy is the
      best technique to be used in association with intracapsular cataract extraction.
      Our material consists of 65 patients, amongst which there are 11 patients with
      diabetes. 91 eyes have been operated upon during the last 2 years. Most of the
      postoperative complications, i.e. hyphaema, vitreous haemorrhage and prolapse,
      pupillary block, postoperatve rise of i.o. pressure are not severe and have no
      influence in the desired fall of i.o. pressure. It may be pointed out that a
      permanent regulation of i.o. pressure often occurs only 3 months postoperatively.
      Finally it can be said that the trabeculectomy associated with intracapsular
      cataract extraction appeared to be the best operation in case of glaucoma and
      cataract, provided that on the one hand the vascular status of these patients is
      controlled and on the other hand the operation microscope is exclusively used in
      surgery of the trabeculum.

PMID- 1206933
TI  - [Indications and results of operative exposure of traumatically damaged optic
      nerves (author's transl)].
AB  - The indications for operative treatment of traumatically damaged optic nerves are
      given and the results from microsurgical transethmoid approaches are
      communicated. This operation method has such a low risk, that it can be also used
      on patients with recent head injuries. The early diagnosis of traumatic optic
      nerve damage and the earliest possible exposure of the nerve with pressure relief
      of the traumatised optic nerves are important for possible success. The
      development of microsurgery of the orbit, the possibility of a low-risk
      anaesthetic, the use of modern post-operative therapy and observation make older
      treatments such as waiting for spontaneous return of vision out of date. During
      the operation undiagnosed dural tears and other secondary damage are often found,
      which can be repaired at the same time. This is a further argument for a broadly
      based indication to operation.

PMID- 1206934
TI  - [The influence of pilocarpine upon the aqueous humour dynamics using ocusert with
      continuous delivery rate (author's transl)].
AB  - Sustained drug release systems could be especially useful in glaucoma treatment.
      Continuous delivery could be advantageous for maintaining an efficient tissue
      drug level. The aim of our investigations therefore was not only to control
      intraocular tension after having applied ocusert, but also to study aqueous
      humour dynamics by means of tonography. Conventional pilocarpine application and
      the new sustained drug release system were compared.

PMID- 1206935
TI  - [Late results of cataract surgery after oculopression (author's transl)].
AB  - By the hypotonisation of the eyeball with an oculopressor the loss of vitreous
      during the cataract extraction can be almost always avoided. The anatomic and
      functional results are discussed from 65 cases examined at follow-up. The further
      supervision should not be neglected as also recommended in cases of cataract
      extractions without previous oculopression.

PMID- 1206936
TI  - [Diagnosis of tumor-like fundus changes by means of a combination of echography,
      infrared photography and fluorescein angiography (author's transl)].
AB  - Using a combination of echography, infrared photography and fluorescein
      angiography in tumor simulating changes of the fundus an optimum combination of
      these diagnostic methods was achieved. The echography allows exact measurements
      of the prominence and in lesions exceeding 1.1 to 1.5 mm also a tissue
      differentiation. By infrared photography melanin could be differentiated from the
      bloodpigments and lipofuscin and the extension of pigmented tissues could be
      revealed. Fluoresceinangiography visualizes the vascular pattern and the
      permeability of the vessels of tumors or pseudotumors. Up to now 100 cases with
      tumorlike fundus lesions were subjected to this combined examination method and
      many of these cases preserved from enucleation.

PMID- 1206937
TI  - [Fundus changes in scleroderma (author's transl)].
AB  - 12 patients with scleroderma were submitted to an ophthalmological examination. 9
      patients displayed fundus changes. In 7 cases defects of the retinal pigment
      epithelium near the macula were observed, one of these patients showed an
      associated serous detachment of the pigment epithelium. In three patients
      localized retinal vascular changes, especially on the capillary level, were
      notices. Obviously, alterations of the collagen as well as vasopathological
      changes being part of the systemic disorder do have their counterpart of the
      systemic disorder do have their counterpart within the eye.

PMID- 1206938
TI  - [The relationship of the collapse-phenomenon on the disc to the pulsatory
      variations of the intraocular pressure (author's transl)].
AB  - The collapse-phenomenon of the central retinal artery induced by compression of
      the eyeball and the pulsatory variations of the intraocular pressure were
      recorded simultaneously. The collapse-phenomenon indicating the systolic pressure
      of the ophthalmic artery was correlated to the peak and that indicating the
      diastolic pressure of the ophthalmic artery to the through of the pulsewave. This
      finding has to be taken into account when evaluating the curves delivered by
      Stepanik's ophthalmic artery-tonography.

PMID- 1206939
TI  - [Current formation in the aqueous humor (author's transl)].
AB  - The localisation of deposits on the inner surface of the cornea can not be
      explained from the visible aqueous humor currents. Only with statistical methods
      could we find a flat vortex, which forms in a approximately triangular region
      behind the cornea and which is too slow to observe directly.

PMID- 1206940
TI  - [Orbitopiezography and its clinical significance (author's transl)].
AB  - A new procedure of piezometry of the orbit with electronic recording of the data
      obtained is being described. The advantages offered by this method are the
      unprecedented possibility of conducting long-term tests, the high accuracy of the
      measurements (0.1 mm), and transpalpebral measuring involving a minimum of
      inconvenience to the patient; in addition to this, only one examiner is required.
      The clinical significance of orbitopiezography is demonstrated by a description
      of the possible significance of the data and their evaluation in the differential
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1206941
TI  - [Unusual courses of orbit-floor-fracture (author's transl)].
AB  - Blunt trauma can lead to intra-orbital haemorrhage, which cause motility and
      sensibility disturbances typically found also in orbit-floor fracture. When there
      is also a fracture present, it can be problematic to give the function
      deficiencies their right causes. Spontaneous improvement of the defiencies can be
      expected in a reasonable percentage of cases. Operative revision therefore should
      not be performed in cases of doubt, or in any case not earlier than 14 days after
      the injury. In a severe stove-in orbit with enophthalmos and double vision the
      operation should be preformed within the first week. In some cases, however,
      residual diplopia can be expected in spite of optimal early therapy.

PMID- 1206942
TI  - [Drainage of the vitreous body space in cases of intra-ocular infection (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In the last 2 years we saw eight cases with massive i.o.infection (panopht
      almitis) following perforating injuries. We took measures as follows: After
      trepanation of the sclera we washed out the space of the vitreous body with
      diluted solution of Gentamycin and simultaneously we used massive systemic
      therapy of Gentamycin and of Penicillin. In this way we stopped the infection in
      four eyes and we were successful in maintaining in various degree the function of
      these eyes.

PMID- 1206943
TI  - [Drugs with unwanted side-effects on the retinal vessels (author's transl)].
AB  - A review is given on systemically applied drugs, which may cause vascular
      disturbances of the retina with possible irreversible involvment of the ocular
      function. Based upon personal observations and reports in the literature a series
      of drugs with such side effects is reported. In particular, besides retrolental
      fibroplasia and complications which can be induced by oestrogens, drugs are
      described, which on the basis of an allergic reaction may produce retinal
      haemorrhages or occlusions of retinal blood vessels.

PMID- 1206944
TI  - [Recurring retinal haemorrhages with tortuosity of the retinal arteriols
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Four young and healthy adults with tortuosity of the retinal arterioles of the
      posterior pole and recurring superficial retinal haemorrhages are described. Two
      of them had a suspected mild thrombocytopathy without clinical manifestations in
      other organs. Inheritance of the syndrome was not demonstrated and the pathogenic
      mechanism still remains obscure. All the described patients had been at risk of a
      retinopathy of praematurity. Knowing that familial retinal haemorrhages without
      retinal tortuosity do occur and retinal tortusity may persist as a minimal change
      of retinopathy of praematurity, it is suggested that this syndrome might be a
      combination of two entities.

PMID- 1206945
TI  - [Acute myopia with increased intraocular pressure due to a decompensated juvenile
      diabetes mellitus (author's transl)].
AB  - We report on a 33-year-old woman, whose diabetes mellitus was kept under control
      with depot insulin and diet for 18 years. One evening she notices blurred vision
      in both eyes which markedly increased during the following days. We found flat
      anterior chambers, an increased ocular pressure up to 34 mm Hg, and a myopia up
      to-3,5 D. on both sides. Bloodsugar tests revealed varying results. After the
      diabetic metabolic state was normalized, the myopia and the raised intraocular
      pressure ceased to exist.

PMID- 1206946
TI  - [Clinical patterns of Parinaud's syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - In agreement with other clinical reports we observed in 20 patients that
      Parinaud's syndrome may be associated with other midbrain symptoms. Most
      frequently we found convergence insufficiency or pupillary changes. In contrast
      to textbooks in most cases that was an incomplete, absolute paralysis of
      pupillary constriction. Some patients had also paresis of the 3rd and 4th cranial
      nerve or lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (internuclear
      ophthalmoplegia). All clinical patterns which we noted were understandable in
      view of the topographical relationship of their presumed lesions. However, none
      of the symptoms was invariably associated with Parinaud's syndrome.

PMID- 1206947
TI  - [Light coagulation in central and paracentral choroiditis (author's transl)].
AB  - Since 1966 photocoagulation has been performed in 52 cases and 54 eyes of
      choroiditis located on the posterior pole. The course of the cases treated is
      compared with a control group treated with drugs. Photocoagulation shortens the
      duration of the acute inflammatory process, decreases the frequency of
      recurrences by about 40% and improves the visual prognosis. The follow-up 1 year
      to 9 years later (average 7 years) showed in the control group a visual function
      of 0.5, in the treated group of 0.8.

PMID- 1206948
TI  - [Diagnosis of myasthenic eye signs. Clinical signs and electronystagmographical
      findings of saccadic eye movements (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical eye signs of 31 myasthenic patients are presented and those signs
      important for an early diagnosis are then discussed: lid symptoms caused by
      fatigue (Simpson-test), characteristic lid twitches as well as alternating
      asymmetrical eye muscle pareses. The importance of an investigation with the
      tangent scale in the course of which tensilon is injected is pointed out. False
      diagnosis and differential diagnostic signs are then considered (disseminated
      sclerosis, aneeurysm, encephalitis, pseudopulbarparalysis). - Our
      electronystagmographical investigations of saccadic eye movements showed
      hypometric, alternating saccades with occasional nystagmuslike jerks. After
      Tensilon injection hypermetric saccades (overshoots) were observed which depended
      on a disproportion of the supranuclear oculomotor centers and the eye muscles.
      The "muscleparetic" nystagmus is a pathologically increased endposition
      nystagmus. The hypometric nystagmuslike jerks during a saccadic eye movement are
      caused by insufficient phasic innervation.

PMID- 1206949
TI  - [Unilateral aphakia in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - The monocular and binocular vision will always be disturbed after unilateral
      cataract extraction in childhood. The treatment therefore not only means
      operation, but also correction of the optic error, pleoptics and orthoptics. In
      40 cases of unilateral aphakia (12 congenital, 28 traumatical) the prognosis
      depends on the age of the individual and maintenance of treatment. The older the
      child and the sooner therapy is started the better are the functional results.

PMID- 1206950
TI  - [Convergence insufficiency and school difficulties (author's transl)].
AB  - 124 lowgrade hypermetropic pupils aged from 6 to 9 years, with normal I.Q. showed
      exophoria for near vision combined with weakness of convergence and school
      difficulties in several disciplines. These were treated as follows: training of
      the physiological diplopy, training of convergence, and surgical treatment by
      unilateral or bilateral resection of the medial rectus (the last-mentioned method
      has been applied on failure of so-called "ophthalmologic home-work"). Results
      were satisfactory in only 19%. The subjective primary complaints, similar to
      asthenopy, disappeared within a few weeks (65%). The effect of ophthalmological
      treatment was examined by the school psychological service as to acceleration in
      learning. Supported by comparisable objective effects (reading- and writing
      tests) with 50 control persons an improvement of concentration and motivation
      (77% and 62%), of reading capacity (44%) and of writing capacity (42%) was
      obtained within a space of 6 weeks to four months. Without taking up a too great
      percentage of the available school time, more attention should be paid in the
      elementary school age to a more accurate examination of the eyes, in order to
      detect even minor defects.

PMID- 1206951
TI  - [The mode of action of trabeculectomy (author's transl)].
AB  - We could ascertain the mode of action of trabeculectomy by clinical research in
      more than 370 eyes after the operation and especially by the injection of
      fluorescein into the anterior chamber in 90 of these eyes. The following drainage
      mechanisms of the aqueous humor were observed: 1. Outflow through new developed
      aqueous veins (trabeculectomy-veins), 2. Bulkflow through lymphatic vessels, 3.
      Diffuse resorption into the subconjunctival tissue, 4. Outflow through normal
      aqueous veins. The latter mechanism is seldom of great importance. In only three
      cases passed all of the visible aqueous outflow through normal aqueous veins. In
      these cases an opening of Schlemm's canal could be assumed. In all of the other
      eyes we could not find any evidence for an outflow through Schlemm's canal
      whether there was a filtering bleb or not. This means that from the presence or
      absence of a visible bleb no conclusion can be drawn as to the mode of action.

PMID- 1206952
TI  - [Experimental fluorescence angiographic and microscopic investigations on laser
      treated animal eyes (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of laser coagulation on rat fundi were studied angiographically and
      with the fluorescence microscope. The coagulations were performed using
      constantly 300 mW and 0.2 second exposure time and 50 microns spot diameter. We
      observed the animals for 3 months, after which we could still observe dye
      diffusion by fluorescence angiography. With the fluorescence microscope we could
      localize these diffusions as originating from neovascularisation starting from
      the choroid. These new vessels penetrated subsequently into the exterior retinal
      layers. At the beginning of our observation time, the retinal vessels showed some
      sinuosities, dilatations and solitary stenosis, but no disturbance of circulation
      was demonstrable.

PMID- 1206953
TI  - [The diabetic retinopathy in the ophthalmologic practice (author's transl)].
AB  - 155 patients with diabetic retinopathy (309 eyes) were treated with Dexium?. Good
      results were seen in diabetics with simple retinopathy; there was no important
      change where proliferating retinopathy was present.

PMID- 1206954
TI  - [Cryoapplication in a case of subconjunctival iris prolapse after cataract
      extraction (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given on cryotherapy of a subconjunctival iris prolapse in a 46-year
      old man 23 days after cataract extraction. The procedure is simple, without
      complications, and was in accordance with descriptions in the literatur also in
      this case successful.

PMID- 1206955
TI  - [Partial closure of the central artery and vein of the retina in retrobulbar
      optic neuritis (author's transl)].
AB  - The changes in the fundus of a 57-year-old patient (perimacular turbid retinal
      oedema, cloudy peripapillary exsudates and peripheral retinal hemorrhages) could
      not be interpreted satisfactorly on a clinical basis. Histologic examination
      revealed a retrobulbar optic neuritis associated with round cell infiltrates
      around the central retinal blood vessels impeding their blood flow.

PMID- 1206956
TI  - [The influence of refraction on diabetic retinopathy (author's transl)].
AB  - Two groups of patients with diabetic retinopathy were tested by refraction.
      Patients with advanced retinopathy and those with early diabetic retinopathy had
      about the same propor-tion of refractive errors as the normal population. The
      only important difference was seen in middle- and high myopic eyes, which
      occurred less frequently when diabetic retinopathy was present. Illustrated from
      4 cases of high myopia the inhibitory influence of diabetic retinopathy on the
      formation of shortsightedness is shown. Possible causes for this are discussed.

PMID- 1206957
TI  - [A case of monocular retinitis pigmentosa (author's transl)].
AB  - A 38-year-old patient showed monocular nonprogressing pigmentary changes for 8
      years, with nearly normal blood vessels and scarcely restricted dark-adaptation.
      ERG and VER were different from those of the other eye. The affected eye had full
      vision and an annular scotoma corresponding to the pigmentary changes. The other
      eye was amblyopic due to strabismus. Phenotypes, similar to retinitis pigmentosa,
      and chorioretinitis diffusa are discussed. This is probably a congenital anomaly.

PMID- 1206958
TI  - [Thoughts on phacoemulsification (author's transl)].
AB  - It is difficult to have a clear opinion about phacoemulsification since attitudes
      towards this method are at the moment controversal. The author tries to make
      judgment easier by discussing the contrary arguments.

PMID- 1206959
TI  - [The Mackay-Marg-tonometer. A clinically applicable measuring apparatus for Pt
      values (author's transl)].
AB  - Comparative pressure measurements on the corneae of enucleated eyes and on a 0.05
      mm-thick rubber membrane showed that the Pt-values obtained by the MMT can be
      sufficiently exactly controlled. An air chamber attached to a Hg-manometer has in
      an upper wall a round window 8 mm in diameter, closed by a 0.05 mm-thick rubber
      membrane. The sensor of the MMT is mechanically fixed over the window so that the
      foot plate of the sensor indents the rubber membrane by 1 mm. The pressure in the
      chamber can be varied at will by vanying the amount of air in it.

PMID- 1206960
TI  - [About the application of a new audio video color cartridge system in
      ophthalmology (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given on an advanced color video cartridge system and its application
      within various disciplines of ophthalmology.

PMID- 1206961
TI  - [An ophthalmologist's hints for organising medical help in remote areas of
      developing countries (author's transl)].
AB  - Judging by her experience gained in the south of Tunisia, the author suggests
      that instead of sending individual ophthalmologists to the developing countries
      it would be more advantageous to send mobile work teams in vehicles equipped with
      ophthalmological examination and surgical instruments and apparatus. This would
      be a suitable reply to the appeal made by the World Health Organization in 1973
      for organising large-scale surgical treatment of cataracts with international
      participation within the framework of struggle against blindness in the world.

PMID- 1206962
TI  - [Flow in natural and artificial organs and vessels (author's transl)].
AB  - After introductory remarks about the flow phenomena in the human body
      (separation, dead waters, stagnation regions) and the model simularity
      conditions, the flow behaviour in arterial bifurcations at pulsatile flow are
      considered; they are accompanied by the formation of dead waters and secondary
      flows and therefore they give the danger of atherosclerosis. Then the flow
      pattern at arterio-venous anastomosis is interpreted with regard to the danger of
      thrombogenesis. At the selected example of ball prosthesis the flow pattern and
      the pressure loss of artificial heart valves (aortic as well as mitral valves)
      are described; the special behaviour of ball valves used as mitral valves is
      discussed critically. Finally in a view of contribution to the question of the
      flow-induced blood damage, in extended series of basic tests on models (orifices
      and perforated discs) the rate of hemolysis was measured depending on the flow;
      the tests were completed by measurements at rolling pumps, atria of a artificial
      ventricle and other parts. In order to try an explanation for the flow-induced
      hemolysis one starts from the influence of the hemodynamic shear stresses on the
      damage of the erythrocytes; hereby the effect of the frequently repeated passages
      of the red blood cells through a stenosis (e.g. regurgitation) should be taken
      into account.

PMID- 1206963
TI  - [Thermodynamic aspects of phagocytosis and thrombosis (author's transl)].
AB  - In this paper, thermodynamic considerations are applied to two biological
      processes, phagocytosis and platelet adhesion, the latter being an important step
      in thrombosis formation. Simple thermodynamic models in terms of changes of the
      Helmholtz free energy are presented for the engulfment of bacteria by phagocystic
      cells, as well as for the attachment of platelets to biomaterial surfaces. The
      interfacial tensions contained in the expressions for the Helmholtz free energy
      may be obtained from contact angles, by means of an equation of state approach.
      The in vitro phagocytosis tests show that hydrophobic bacteria are more readily
      phagocytized than hydrophilic ones, and the thermodynamic model elucidates the
      reason for this pattern of behaviour. Preliminary results for two types of
      platelet adhesion tests are presented. Although there is, in terms of simple
      thermodynamic considerations, a strong similarity between platelet adhesion and
      the early stages of phagocytosis, we anticipate that specific interactions will
      play a larger role in platelet adhesion than in phagocytosis.

PMID- 1206964
TI  - [Electrical forces in cell membranes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1206965
TI  - [The self-organization of biological structures (author's transl)].
AB  - Viruses played an important role in analysing macromolecular structures.
      Structure and function in living systems are arranged hierarchically. An
      important purpose of biology is to describe the correlation between the
      structural hierarchy and the observed assembly and to analyse the embryological
      program of the organism.

PMID- 1206967
TI  - Membrane-localized pyruvate kinase of red blood cells in hemolytic anemia
      associated with pyruvate kinase deficiency.
AB  - Pyruvate kinase activity of red blood cell membranes, which is normally masked,
      has been determined after mechanical disruption of the membranes in normal
      individuals and in three homozygous patients with pyruvate kinase deficiency.
      Although patients 1 and 2, who were siblings, had relatively high enzyme
      activities in their hemolysates, they had the severest form of the disorder. The
      activities of their membrane fragments were decreased to seven per cent of
      fragments of normal membranes. Patient 3 had a mild form of hemolytic anemia
      despite a low enzyme activity of his hemolysates. The membrane fragments of this
      patient contained 28 per cent of the pyruvate kinase activity of normal
      fragments. The data suggest a relationship between the amount of membrane
      localized pyruvate kinase and the severity of the clinical disorder. The reduced
      production of ATP by the enzyme portion localized within the membrane may cause
      an impairment of membrane functions in pyruvate kinase deficiency.

PMID- 1206966
TI  - [Transmembrane inward currents during excitation of the heart (author's transl)].
AB  - During excitation of the myocardial cell 2 transmembrane inward currents occur.
      The initial fast Na current is responsible for the upstroke of the normal action
      potential. The slow inward current is triggered at a threshold potential of about
      -40 mV and causes the plateau phase of action potential. Under physiological
      conditions Ca ions are the main charge carriers of the slow inward current. Both
      inward currents are mediated by 2 membrane channels which are independent from
      each other. The normal excitability of the myocardial cell depends upon the
      availability of the fast Na channel but the transmembrane Ca supply will be
      determined by the Ca conductance of the slow channel. After inactivation of the
      fast Na channel the excitability of the myocardial cell does not disappear
      completely. In this situation the slow inward current can mediate action
      potentials (so called Ca action potentials). The slow inward current can be
      considered as the predominant mediator of the excitation process in the pacemaker
      cells of the sinoatrial node and the av node. Specific inhibitors of the slow
      membrane channel (verapamil, D 600, Ni, Co, and Mn ions) block the transmembrane
      Ca current leading to excitation contraction uncoupling. The excitation process
      will be impaired only if it is carried by the slow inward current alone. Specific
      inhibitors of the fast Na channel reduce the Na-dependent excitability of the
      myocardial cell without significant changes of the Ca current. The existence of 2
      separate channels in the ventricular myocardium allows selective alteration of
      contractility without concomitant changes of the Na-dependent excitation process
      or, conversely, the reduction of excitability whereas the Ca current remains
      unchanged.

PMID- 1206969
TI  - Changes of plasma renin, angiotensin II and renin substrate during reversal of
      malignant renovascular hypertension.
AB  - The relationship between plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AT II) and
      renin substrate concentration (PRS) were studied in a patient with left renal
      artery occlusion and malignant hypertension before and after left-side
      nephrectomy. Initially, PRA and AT II were grossly elevated, while PRS was low.
      Treatment with alpha-methyl-DOPA and saline led to a fall in PRA and AT II and a
      large rise in PRS. The correlation between PRA and AT II (r=0.937; n=9, p less
      than 0.001) was highly significant. PRA and PRS were negatively correlated before
      operation (r=-0.78; n=6; p less than 0.05). A comparison of changes in PRS before
      and after nephrectomy suggests that renin substrate formation was increased when
      the ischemic kidney was still in situ. Following nephrectomy, PRA and blood
      pressure fell to normal within 5 hours, while PRS remained unchanged for this
      period of time. A two-compartmental analysis of the renin disappearance curve
      after nephrectomy revealed the presence of a fast and slow component with half
      lives of 10 and 95 min, respectively.

PMID- 1206968
TI  - Comparative studies of the electroencephalogram and the cerebral oxidative
      metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis.
AB  - In two groups of patients with liver cirrhosis and normal EEG (Group A) and with
      pathological EEG (Group B) it was possible to demonstrate a correlation between
      the severity grade of the EEG changes, the livertypical deviations of serum
      chemistry and alterations in cerebral oxidative metabolism. The metabolism of the
      brain showed a reduced oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide output in the
      patients with pathological EEG changes. All patients showed a raised glucose
      uptake, an increased lactate release, a raised ammonia uptake and glutamine
      output. These findings in patients with liver cirrhosis indicate a disturbance of
      the oxidative energy metabolism of the brain with secondary intensification of
      glycolysis. Pathological changes in the EEG only appear if the oxygen consumption
      of the brain is limited (as in the patients of Group B). These EEG changes have a
      poor prognosis in respect to life expectancy. With consideration of the data from
      animal experiments and the reported results of cerebral blood flow and oxydative
      metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis it might be assumed that liver
      insufficiency with elevated serum ammonia results in a deranged oxydative
      cerebral metabolism which might explain hepatic encephalopathy.

PMID- 1206970
TI  - [The effect of acetylsalicylic-lysine on platelet function (author's transl)].
AB  - Fifteen minutes after the intravenous administration of two different doses of
      acetylsalicylic lysine, a pronounced inhibition of collagen-induced platelet
      aggregation was observed in healthy volunteers. A proportionate dose response to
      the differing doses could not be demonstrated. Platelet function investigated by
      the glass bead filter method according to Hellem decreased however significantly
      and dose-dependently after the injections. The clot formation in the
      thromboelastogram was not disturbed after the administration of the drug in spite
      of decreased platelet function.

PMID- 1206971
TI  - [Use of sodium chloride in the German Federal Republic (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to obtain data on the amount of sodium chloride used in the German
      Federal Republic, 106 persons of different social groups, with healthy kidneys,
      were investigated, measuring the sodium chloride contents in their 24-hour urine.
      The sodium chloride intake follows from the sodium chloride secretion because the
      regulation of the sodium household is effected through the renal excretion, and
      with healthy people the daily intake of sodium chloride down to a limit value of
      200 mVal per day is eliminated without delay. The values measured are between 4.7
      and 32.7 g, the mean figure corresponded to 13.1 g.

PMID- 1206972
TI  - [Immunological studies on glucosephosphate isomerase deficiency: instability and
      impaired synthesis of the defective enzyme (author's transl)].
AB  - The content of GPI protein in normal and GPI deficient red cells was studied by
      immunological methods. In normal cells almost all enzyme protein is catalytically
      active. In the four inherited variants with non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia
      studied the content of GPI protein was decreased to a variable degree.
      Furthermore, the catalytically active portion of GPI protein varied markedly. It
      can be concluded that in the pathogenesis of this hereditary disorder an
      increased lability as well as an impaired synthesis of the defective enzyme play
      a role.

PMID- 1206973
TI  - Effect of external Na and K on tonus and drug-induced contractions of pulmonary
      artery strip from rabbits, particularly in relation to Ca.

PMID- 1206974
TI  - Action of Sr of the tonus of pyloric antrum strip from rat's stomach,
      particularly, in relation to Ca.

PMID- 1206975
TI  - [Myocardial contraction in bronchial asthma treated with etimizol].

PMID- 1206976
TI  - [Correlation between functional condition of the myocardium, hemodynamics of the
      lesser circulation and function of external respiration in patients with acute
      pneumonia].

PMID- 1206977
TI  - [Chronic exudative pericarditis with constrictive syndrome].

PMID- 1206978
TI  - [Syndrome of absence of pulse as a first clinical sign of rheumatism with
      subsequent development of heart defect].

PMID- 1206979
TI  - [2 cases of arteriovenous fistula simulating heart defect].

PMID- 1206980
TI  - [Primary pulmonary hypertension].

PMID- 1206981
TI  - [Case of rupture of exfoliating aneurysm of the splenic artery].

PMID- 1206982
TI  - [Case of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in sportsmen twins].

PMID- 1206983
TI  - [Treatment of chronic circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 1206984
TI  - [Clinical aspects of pre-infarct period in young persons].

PMID- 1206985
TI  - [Cardiomyopathies].

PMID- 1206987
TI  - [Pre-infarct period in patients with ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1206986
TI  - [Enzymatic and immune disorders in the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of certain
      diseases].

PMID- 1206988
TI  - [Diagnostic importance of food test in detection of latent coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1206989
TI  - [Change in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in pulmonary
      complications of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1206990
TI  - [Disorders of glucocorticoid binding with transcortin in macrofocal myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 1206991
TI  - [Glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone binding with
      transcortin in ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1206992
TI  - [Diagnostic importance of atypical subjective sensations in ischemic heart
      disease].

PMID- 1206993
TI  - [Effect of inosine on the course of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1206994
TI  - [Treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders with pulsnorm].

PMID- 1206995
TI  - [Differentiated use of neuroleptics in treatment of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1206996
TI  - [Treatment of coronary arteriosclerosis depending on the nature of lipid
      metabolism disorders].

PMID- 1206997
TI  - [Change of certain humoral and hemodynamic factors in chronic circulatory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1206998
TI  - [Epicardial electrocardiography in surgery of coronary arteries].

PMID- 1206999
TI  - [Study of the activity of the kinin system of blood in patients with embolism of
      aortic bifurcation and major arteries of the limbs].

PMID- 1207000
TI  - [Value of certain clinico-roentgenological signs in differential diagnosis of
      mitral valve stenosis and insufficiency].

PMID- 1207001
TI  - [State of microcirculation in patients with rheumatism].

PMID- 1207002
TI  - [Rheumatic pneumonia].

PMID- 1207003
TI  - [Evaluation of analysis of blood serum enzymes in different variants of the
      course of rheumatism].

PMID- 1207004
TI  - [Digoxin treatment at early periods after mitral commissurotomy].

PMID- 1207005
TI  - [Determination of the mechanical parameters of the cupulo-endolymphatic system
      from its anatomical characteristics].
AB  - The relationships which allow measurements of the mechanical parameters of
      semicircular canals, i.e. time constants and sensitivity to the angular velocity,
      from their anatomical characteristics have been established. The sensitivity
      varies in different animal species and in different canals of the same animal.
      This should be taken into consideration in the experimental studies of the
      function of semi-circular canals of animals and humans.

PMID- 1207006
TI  - [Change in the content of free amino acids in rat organs and tissues during
      hypokinesia].
AB  - Variations in the content of free amino acids in the gastrocnemius muscle,
      myocardium and plasma of rats were measured during hypokinetic and post
      hypokinetic periods. It was shown that 35-day hypokinesia led to an increase of
      almost all amino acids in the gastrocnemius muscle and 60-day hypokinesia
      resulted in their decrease. Similar changes were followed in the myocardium.
      Variations in the content of free amino acids in the plasma were identified at
      every experimental stage. Changes in the protein metabolism persisted long after
      an exposure of the animals to prolonged hypokinesia.

PMID- 1207008
TI  - [Biorhythmic selection of cosmonauts].
AB  - The paper describes some features of modern and future interplanetary space
      missions which may influence the stability of the circadian system of the human
      body. It presents requirements for biorhythmological selection of cosmonauts. The
      paper discusses the biorhythmological types of humans: biorhythmologically
      labile, biorhythmologically inert and intermediate. The time schedule specified
      by the flight program dictates the selection of the cosmonauts of a certain type
      for the given mission. The paper suggests methods for the biorhythmological
      selection of cosmonauts: 1) on the basis of adaptation to the concrete type of
      "space day" in the flight; 2) on the basis of the biorhythmological type; 3) on
      the basis of the length of the natural circadian period; 4) on the basis of
      typological features of the nervous system.

PMID- 1207007
TI  - [Effect of different concentrations of nitrate nitrogen in the medium on the
      amino acid composition of protein in Chlorella cells].

PMID- 1207009
TI  - [Ocular effects of cosmic rays on the eyes].
AB  - The observed visual phenomena developing in humans as a result of the impact of
      heavy ions on the eye have been summarized. Possible mechanisms of these effects
      are discussed.

PMID- 1207010
TI  - [Effectiveness of a helium-oxygen gas mixture in transverse accelerations].
AB  - Healthy male test subjects, aged 20 to 45, were exposed to acceleration of +6 Gx
      for 1200 sec and of +10 Gx for 60 sec. Three gradients of the centrifuge
      acceleration were used in the latter case. In every experimental run the test
      subjects were exposed to accelerations while breathing air or a helium-oxygen
      atmosphere. The positive effect of the helium-oxygen atmosphere was seen in an
      increase of the respiration intensity and in an elevation of pulmonary
      ventilation and gas exchange. This may be associated with a decline of the
      aerodynamic resistance to breathing. The positive effect of the helium-oxygen
      atmosphere was more pronounced during accelerations of +4 to 8 Gx and depended on
      the total exposure time.

PMID- 1207011
TI  - [Changes in acoustically evoked brain potentials during oxygen breathing at
      normal and increased pressures].
AB  - Acoustically evoked potentials of the human brain were studied when breathing
      pure oxygen at a normal and positive pressure. An exposure to pure oxygen at a
      normal pressure reduced the amplitude of evoked potentials. This effect was more
      pronounced at a positive oxygen pressure. The after-effect was prolonged due to
      the influence of an increased oxygen concentration. During an exposure to the air
      at a positive pressure the reduction of the amplitude was smaller and reached the
      pretest level as soon as the pressure returned to normal. Evoked potentials are a
      sensitive indicator of the effect of an altered atmosphere on the central nervous
      system and the sensory system.

PMID- 1207012
TI  - [Portable apparatus for telemetric recording of physiological functions during
      neuropsychic stress].

PMID- 1207013
TI  - [Modification of the colchicine method for determining the duration of the
      mitotic cycle in higher plants in space flights].

PMID- 1207014
TI  - [Analysis of shielding thickness for radiation protection on prolonged space
      flights].

PMID- 1207015
TI  - [Method of calculating tissue thickness during the determination of depth doses
      in phantom-mannikins].

PMID- 1207016
TI  - [Resistance of bats to prolonged longitudinal gravitational stresses].

PMID- 1207017
TI  - [Equivalence of stop-stimuli to the effect of head rotation in a revolving system
      on semicircular canal receptors].

PMID- 1207018
TI  - [Change in work capacity at high altitudes (psychophysiological study)].

PMID- 1207019
TI  - [Bioelectric activity of the myocardium during the passive orthostatic test].

PMID- 1207020
TI  - [Possibility of reproducing the energy expenditure of different operations in the
      manual control of spacecraft].

PMID- 1207021
TI  - [Effect of accelerations, hypergravity and hypokinesia on protein metabolism in
      Japanese quail. I. Effect on muscle composition].
AB  - The effect of hypokinesia, hypergravity achieved by centrifugation and additional
      weight load on the content and composition of proteins and nucleic acids in the
      chest and pelvic muscles of four groups of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
      was studied. The first group was used as controls, the second included
      hypokinetic birds, the third was made of birds with an additional weight load
      (the load was a double weight of the animal) and the fourth group included birds
      exposed to acceleration of 3 g. The birds were exposed to the above effects for 1
      to 6 hours during 8 days. They were given identical food through forced feeding.
      The content of total proteins, sarcoplasmatic proteins, DNA and RNA, cholesterol
      and esterified fatty acids was measured in chest and pelvic muscles. The
      composition of total lipids was examined in pelvic muscles. The level of
      corticosterone was determined in the blood plasma. The above experimental
      variants made it possible to discriminate individual contributions of
      acceleration, additional weight load and hypo-inesia to the effect. Weight load
      and acceleration decreased and hypokinesia increased the content of total
      proteins in the pelvic muscles. During an exposure to acceleration and
      hypokinesia the content and the portion of sarcoplasmatic proteins decreased and
      during an exposure to weight load increased significantly. Acceleration did not
      exert a significant effect on the RNA and DNA content in muscles. The content of
      esterified fatty acids increased under the influence of acceleration and
      hypokinesia and decreased significantly under the influence of additional weight.

PMID- 1207022
TI  - [Effect of a strong constant magnetic field and a hypomagnetic surrounding medium
      on histochemical indices of albino rat liver].
AB  - The paper presents histochemical measurements of the liver of white rats exposed
      to strong and weak constant magnetic fields. A repeated influence (30 min a day)
      of the strong magnetic field of 912 ersted for 16 days inhibits synthetic
      processes in the liver tissue. A more prolonged (30 days) exposure to the field
      produces insignificant histochemical changes which seem to be induced by the
      occuring compensatory reaction. It is shown that a month long stay of animals in
      the environment shielded from the geomagnetic field may enhance synthetic
      processes in some cells and inhibit them in others.

PMID- 1207023
TI  - [Physiological activity of Chlorella following exposure to space flight factors
      aboard the orbital station "Saliut"].
AB  - The photosynthetic activity of Chlorella vulgaris str. LARG-1 was studied after
      its dark exposure in the Tamiya medium to space flight factors enboard the Salyut
      orbital station. The exposure of Chlorella cells in the inactive state did not
      influence their basic physiological parameters (rate of growth and reproduction,
      cell size and population structure, chlorophyll content, cell viability) during
      subsequent intensive cultivation. These results show the possibility of storing
      the generative material of unicellular algae under the experimental conditions.

PMID- 1207024
TI  - [Human tolerance to +Gz acceleration during heating].
AB  - Eighty-six measurements of individual tolerance of 25 healthy test subjects to
      +Gz accelerations were carried out at two body temperatures. At moderate heating
      (body temperature 37.5+/-0.2degreesC) acceleration tolerance decreased by 1.4 g
      (maximally by 3 g) without an antigravity suit and by 0.5 g with an antigravit
      suit. In case of simulated poor fitting of the suit the tolerance decrease was
      1.1 g. At high heating (body temperature 38.0+/-0.2degreesC) the decrease was
      great (2.1 g). In some cases centrifugation was terminated because of poor
      tolerance to hyperthermia. The regression analysis suggests that at body
      temperature of 37.3degreesC the acceleration tolerance decreases in some
      individuals only and at 37.6degreesC and over it declines in most subjects. The
      correlation between the level of water losses (0.8--2.4% of body weight) and
      decline in +Gz tolerance was low (r=0.33) and insignificant. The resulting data
      allow practical recommendations in relation to acrobatic flights in hot climate.

PMID- 1207025
TI  - [Human cognitive activity during adaptation to short-term weightlessness].
AB  - The differences in subjective sensations during the first exposure to short-term
      weightlessness are analyzed on the basis of the pattern of cognitive activity of
      test subjects and the scope of information they have received previously. The
      subjects with objective and productive types of cognitive behavior showed the
      most adequate and rapid adaptation to weightlessness. The subjects with a
      subjective and unproductive type of cognitive tactics exhibited great problems in
      adapting themselves to weightlessness, showing unusual psychic states like the
      "world peril" syndrome and psychic estrangement. Anticipation of the weightless
      environment based on the objective information previously obtained facilitated
      orientation and self-control in weightlessness.

PMID- 1207026
TI  - [Adaptation of the cardiovascular system to negative gravitation stresses during
      repeated antiorthostatic measures].
AB  - The cerebral, pulmonary, liver and peripheral circulation was studied
      simultaneously in 12 test subjects (aged 24--30) rheographically,
      photoplethysmographically and rheoplethysmographically; arterial pressure was
      measured by the Korotkoff method. The measurements were carried out during three
      antiorthostatic tests at --15degrees for 20 min or --30degrees for 20 min. It was
      shown that the cardiovascular system can adapt to repeated antiorthostatic
      exposures. The adaptation includes more significant decrease of the heart rate,
      increase in the systolic and pulse arterial pressure, fall of the diastolic
      arterial pressure, more marked reduction of antiorthostatically induced increase
      of blood filling and congestion of cerebral and pulmonary vessels, lesser
      decrease of their tone and blood redistribution into the vessels of the liver,
      upper and lower limbs. From the point of view of the adaptive effect repeated
      exposures to --15degrees are more effective.

PMID- 1207028
TI  - [Study of the dynamics of psychic work capacity of hypertensive flight personnel
      for the purpose of predicting their professional activity].
AB  - One hundred members of the flying personnel with hypertensive disease (of the I
      and II stages), aged 35--50, were examined. The examinations included clinical
      and psychological observations which described functional and psychological
      potentialitites of the test subjects. Statistically significant differences in
      the average productivity of mental work were found in hypertensive and control
      test subjects. Individual characteristics of the prolonged and intensive mental
      activity was determined. This makes it possible to reveal consistent tendencies
      characterizing different disturbances in mental performance. Clinical and
      psychological investigations allow objectivization of qualitative features of
      disorders in mental capacity typical of the I and II stages of hypertension. They
      are helpful in predicting professional reliability of the flying personnel.
      Therefore, they should be taken into consideration in solving expertise problems.

PMID- 1207027
TI  - [Interrelation of visual and auditory analyzer functions during extreme
      stimulation].
AB  - By psychophysiological methods the effect of intensive photostimulation on the
      functional state of the optic analyzer and the influence of extreme optic
      stimulus on the hearing function were studied. An impulse acoustic stimulus
      contributed to the recovery of peripheral light sensitivity, left unchanged the
      central light sensitivity, improved acuity of color distinction, expanded the
      field of vision of red and green colors and reduced electric sensitivity and
      critical frequency of disappearance of light flashes. After an exposure to a
      superbright flash a decrease of absolute thresholds of hearing, electric
      sensitivity and critical frequency of fusion of electric stimulation of the
      acoustic analyzer was detected. These data give evidence that sensitivity of one
      analyzer can be increased by means of short-term intensive stimulation of the
      other.

PMID- 1207029
TI  - [Human work capacity at high altitudes].
AB  - Healthy male test subjects (students), aged 18 to 24, dwelling in lowlands
      ascended a mountain of 3200 m without preliminary training. At high altitude they
      went in for gymnastics and sorts games for 1--2 hours a day and made regular
      ascents, reaching an altitude of 4000 m. This was designated a pulsating regimen
      of adaptation. Phasic changes in the maximum physical performance were noted
      during a short-term exposure to high altitudes (3200 m): during the first decade
      it declined by 12--13% and by the 41--42 day the performance increased by 25%.
      During the readaptation period the performance remained for 2 months higher by 28
      -35% than the pretest values. The pulsating regimen of adaptation to highlands
      can be used to increase physical performance of the human body during and after
      the exposure to high altitudes.

PMID- 1207030
TI  - [Hypokinesia and macrometric changes in seminal vesicles].

PMID- 1207031
TI  - [Evaluation of the effect of impact stresses on the body according to laboratory
      study data].
AB  - In three experiments on white rats and in two experiments on volunteers
      variations of 20 clinical and laboratory parameters were investigated upon an
      exposure to impact accelerations. The results demonstrated a correlation between
      changes in the general state of the animals and morphology of viscera, on the one
      hand, and changes of hematological and biochemical parameters, on the other. A
      scheme of utilizing more informative parameters for the in vivo differentiation
      of effects of impact accelerations is recommended. Manned experiments indicate
      that measurements of urine excretion of endogenous creatinine hold promise for
      these purposes.

PMID- 1207032
TI  - Spleen and liver weight changes in NZB mice with haemolytic anaemia.
AB  - Spleen and liver weights from 998 NZB mice were subjected to computerised
      multivariate analysis. 3-dimensional graphs relating predicted spleen and liver
      weights to age and bodyweight were prepared and the relationship of the fitted
      surface to the histology and pathological autoantibody is discussed. On the basis
      of spleen weight increase, red-cell destruction throughout the greater part of
      life seems to be mainly intrasplenic, while intrahepatic destruction does not
      become important until later, when it is probably a dominant feature in the
      terminal period of the disease. Only limited organ weight increases occur in
      breeding females, and it is suggested that pregnancy lessens the effect of the
      haemolytic disease, the 'protective' effect extending long after the cessation of
      breeding.

PMID- 1207033
TI  - The Mongolian gerbil: qualitative and quantitative aspects of the cellular blood
      picture.
AB  - The gerbil displays sex determined differences in packed red-cell volume,
      haemoglobin level, total leukocyte count and absolute number of circulating
      lymphocytes. The erythrocytes demonstrate a prominent polychromasia and frequent
      occurrence of basophilic stippling.

PMID- 1207034
TI  - A discounted least squares quadratic growth prediction model for use in 2 year
      toxicity studies.
AB  - Weekly weighings of the laboratory rats are required to determine the correct
      dosage for mixing in the food. This creates problems in that the food mixing must
      be done immediately after the weighings and staff are often heavily taxed to
      perform the task. A discounted least squares growth prediction model allows for
      prediction of weights a week ahead of time, obviating the necessity for
      instantaneously processing the weight data. When dosages were prepared based on
      these predictions, for 10 treatment combinations 100% of the doses proved to be
      within 8-0% of the required dosage; 98-4% were within 5% of the required dosage;
      78-7% were within 2% of the required dosage; and 51-6% were within 1% of the
      required dosage. The quadratic weight prediction model can also be incorporated
      into a model for predicting food consumption.

PMID- 1207035
TI  - X-ray enlargement modified for use in experimental animal science.
AB  - The primary enlarged x-ray image is produced by a reduction of the focal-film
      distance to 80 cm at a given focal size of 0-15 mm. The advantages of this
      technique as compared to conventional x-ray methods are exemplified with x-ray
      images from the shoulder joint of a European hamster, a pseudoarthrosis in the
      foreleg of a beagle, and a renovasography of a rat. The principles of the
      technique and its significance for investigations using small laboratory animals
      are discussed.

PMID- 1207037
TI  - Solid intraperitoneal Landschutz tumour in mice: implications in cancer
      chemotherapy and immunology studies.
AB  - Multiple intraperitoneal injections of various normal sera into BALB/c mice
      inoculated intraperitoneally with Landschutz ascites tumour cells abrogated the
      development of ascitic syndrome in almost all the animals. In a large proportion
      of the survivors solid intraperitoneal tumours developed, composed of
      characteristic ascites tumour cells engulfed and encapsulated in connective
      tissue. The effect of serum on the development of the solid tumour was diminished
      if the donor had been immunized against mouse IgG. Inoculated animals treated
      with serum hyperimmune against mouse IgG showed accelerated ascitic tumour
      growth. Cyclophosphamide or arabinosylcytosine strongly inhibited growth of solid
      tumours. Simultaneous administration of arabinosylcytosine and its antagonist
      cycloheximide did not interrupt tumour growth.

PMID- 1207036
TI  - Production of rats in synchronised batches.
AB  - Successful synchronisation of copulations and births for the 1st parity permit
      continued synchrony of parturitions in subsequent parities. Foetal implantation
      after post-partum copulation was delayed by multiples of the oestrous cycle; both
      season and number of sucking neonates influenced the time of implantation. Post
      weaning matings gave a high conception rate with a parturition spread of 36 hours
      for 94% of the original group.

PMID- 1207038
TI  - The use of laminar flow for obtaining germ-free mice.
AB  - Hysterectomy in a laminar-flow cabinet affords greater economy of time and effort
      in obtaining germ-free mice than other methods. No contamination has occurred
      during the surgical procedure or in the subsequent transfer of the neonates into
      germ-free isolators.

PMID- 1207039
TI  - Halothane anaesthesia of normal and dystrophic hamsters.
AB  - Induction, carried out in a small clear-plastic box with 3-5% (v/v) halothane in
      30:70 (v/v) oxygen: nitrous oxide, was quiet and rapid. Recovery was almost
      instantaneous. 2% halothane in the oxygen-nitrous oxide mixture was sufficient
      for maintenance anaesthesia. The anaesthetic mixture was given by face mask in an
      open circuit specially designed to function at low gas-flow rates. The halothane
      content of the muscle and blood after 25 min anaesthesia was estimated by gas
      chromatography of n-heptane extracts. The mean level (+/- s.e.m.) in blood was 22
      8 +/- 2-7 mg/100 ml (n=4), and in dystrophic muscle 226 +/- 36-8 mg/100 g wet
      weight of tissue (n=4): there was a positive correlation (r=0-94) between them (p
      less than 0-02).

PMID- 1207040
TI  - Design, construction, and working of an animal house in Scotland.

PMID- 1207041
TI  - Control of Paraspidodera unicinata in guinea-pigs with levamisole.
AB  - Injectable levamisole was used to control Paraspidodera uncinata in guinea-pigs
      of both sexes, pregnant and non-pregnant, and was found to be safe and efficient
      at a dosage rate of 25 mg/kg bodyweight.

PMID- 1207042
TI  - Spontaneous lesions and parasites of the Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus.
AB  - Four-hundred-eighty Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus [Uclp:(MON)], most
      of which were experimentally infected with filarial worms, were examined for
      spontaneous lesions. Previously unrecognized lesions included cutaneous squamous
      cell carcinoma, duodenal adenocarcinoma, malignant blue nevus, hepatic
      choleangiocarcinoma, malignant hemangiopericytoma of the uterus, ovarian
      teratoma, chronic interstitial nephritis, renal cortical retention cysts, splenic
      hemangiomas, and various histologic abnormalities of the lung. Previously
      reported lesions also seen in the present study were a malignant melanoma,
      adrenal cortical adenoma or carcinoma, uterine leiomyoma, sebaceous gland
      adenoma, hepatic lymphangioma, and renal hemangioma. Hymenolepis diminuta
      (Cestoda) and Tyrophagus castellani (Acarina) were accidentally recovered from
      experimental animals. Tritichomonas caviae and a species of Entamoeba were the
      most common intestinal protozoa. Tyzzer's disease, however, was clearly the most
      significant infectious disease of gerbils in the UCLA School of Public Health
      colony.

PMID- 1207043
TI  - Isolation and in vitro characterization of a herpesvirus from ground squirrels
      (Citellus sp).
AB  - A viral agent was isolated from ground squirrel primary kidney cultures which
      presented a spontaneous cell layer alteration. The cultural, morphologic, and
      physico-chemical characteristics of the agent indicated that it belongs in the
      herpesvirus group. The isolate presented a narrow in vitro cell host range,
      growing best in marmoset monkey, owl monkey, rabbit, and hamster kidney cultures
      and poorly in Vero and dog fetal lung cells. The agent is readily released from
      infected cells, a fact which indicates that it is a cell-free virus. Good plaque
      formation was observed only in marmoset monkey kidney monolayers. The virus was
      not neutralized by antisera against other herpesviruses with the exception of a
      partial 1-way cross-neutralization between ground squirrel agent and Herpesvirus
      saguinus antisera. All these characteristics indicate that this virus is likely a
      new member of the herpesvirus family.

PMID- 1207044
TI  - Malocclusion of the premolar and molar teeth in the guinea pig.
AB  - Malocclusions of the premolar and molar teeth of inbred Strain 2/N and Strain
      13/N and outbred Dunkin-Harley guinea pigs were examined. A higher incidence of
      malocclusion observed in the inbred strains suggested a genetic basis for the
      disorder.

PMID- 1207045
TI  - A natural case of Schistosoma mansoni in the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes versus).
AB  - A spontaneous infection with Schistosoma mansoni was found in a chimpanzee (Pan
      troglodytes versus) recently imported from Sierra Leone, Africa. Clinical signs
      consisted of anemia, liver enlargement, bronchial rales, and emaciation. The
      primary gross pathologic lesions included a fibrotic firm nodular liver and
      pulmonary edema and consolidation. Histopathologic examination revealed changes
      similar to the experimental syndrome of Manson's schistosomiasis in the
      chimpanzee. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of the eggs and larvae of
      Schistosoma mansoni.

PMID- 1207046
TI  - The occurrence of Mycoplasma arthritidis in the throat and middle ear of rats
      with chronic respiratory disease.
AB  - Twenty-three rats with chronic respiratory disease were examined for the presence
      of Mycoplasma arthritidis in the throat and middle ear. Samples were taken at
      necropsy and swabbed onto an agar medium. Morphologically typical colonies were
      subcultured and identified serologically. All of the rats showed evidence
      histopathologically of chronic respiratory disease, and typical M pulmonis
      colonies were isolated from 21 of 23. M arthritidis was isolated from 7 (30=) of
      the middle ears and 3 (13%) of the throats, confirming a previous observation of
      the occurrence of this organism in the middle ear of rats and also indicating it
      can be present in the throat.

PMID- 1207047
TI  - Plasma hemoglobin determination in beagle dogs. An adaptation of the method of
      Crosby and Furth.
AB  - The plasma hemoglobin concentration of beagle dogs was measured following an
      improved bleeding technic which minimized trauma of the red cells. The benzidine
      reaction (benzidine dihydrochloride) was used to measure the hemoglobin present.
      Plasma hemoglobin values of the first 2 ml of blood collected were statistically
      significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than values of the next 2-3 ml of blood.
      Plasma hemoglobin values of normal beagles were 0.5-2.5 mg/dl in minimally
      hemolyzed samples. Recovery rates of up to 92% of hemoglobin added to plasma were
      possible with this method.

PMID- 1207048
TI  - Capillary tube urinalysis for small animals.
AB  - A simple method was devised using a capillary tube to collect urine for
      urinalysis. This method offers the following advantages: the animal is not
      adversely influenced; the collection and analysis of the urine is repeatable; the
      amount of urine required is small; because of the simplicity of the method, the
      number of samples tested in a given time can be increased; and contamination with
      foreign material is reduced, permitting more accurate evaluation of the urinary
      sediments.

PMID- 1207050
TI  - Spontaneous epicardial mineralization in BALB/cStCrl mice.

PMID- 1207049
TI  - Technics for blood collection and intravascular infusion of reptiles.
AB  - Several methods for external sampling of blood and administration of
      intravascular fluids are applicable to reptilian species. This paper reviewed
      some of the technics that have been previously reported and introduced several
      new procedures applicable to snakes, turtles, alligators, crocodiles, and
      lizards.

PMID- 1207051
TI  - Algal infection in a corn snake (Elaphe guttata guttata).

PMID- 1207052
TI  - The breeding and utilization of baboons for biomedical research.
AB  - The baboon (Papio cynocephalus) has been used extensively for biomedical research
      at the Southwest Foundation for Research and Education (SFRE) since 1958. This
      animal model has adapted well to captivity, has reproduced efficiently, and has
      proved to be very useful in many areas of medical research. Reproductive data
      from the SFRE baboon colony, the establishment of a breeding colony from imported
      animals, the present use of baboons as research models, and the predicted
      availability and use of these animals were discussed.

PMID- 1207053
TI  - Reproductive, gestational, and newborn physiology of the chimpanzee.
AB  - The Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center has successfully bred chimpanzees
      since 1930. Breeding statistics for the last 6 yr and problems of fetal waste and
      infant mortality are presented here. Experience with a potential advantages of
      semi-free-ranging breeding systems are presented. This 6-yr study period also
      produced considerable information on gestational and newborn physiology.

PMID- 1207055
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in the cerebellum of young rats having received
      diphenylhydantoin during the embryonal stage.

PMID- 1207054
TI  - Immunoserological study on intractable oral cavity ulcer.

PMID- 1207056
TI  - Effect of a gastrin-like peptide on electrical and contractile activities of
      canine stomach.

PMID- 1207058
TI  - Spectrum of the acetylene/air flame used in the determination of iron by atomic
      absorption spectrophotometry.

PMID- 1207057
TI  - Vandalism in medical laboratories: report of a survey.

PMID- 1207060
TI  - Modular apparatus for the automation of ion-exchange column chromatographic
      procedures.

PMID- 1207059
TI  - The use of non-ionic industrial detergents in liquid scintillation counting.

PMID- 1207061
TI  - Prepackaged overlay reagents for isoenzyme visualization following
      electrophoresis.

PMID- 1207062
TI  - A respiratory tap.

PMID- 1207063
TI  - Method for preserving mini-cultures of fungi under mineral oil.

PMID- 1207064
TI  - Protein losses during sterilizing by filtration.

PMID- 1207065
TI  - Accuracy and precision of the 'direct' and 'reverse' modes of operation of fixed
      volume micropipettes.

PMID- 1207066
TI  - ORD-CD determinations with an inexpensive variable temperature chamber.

PMID- 1207067
TI  - Recording fluctuations in the intensity of visible light.

PMID- 1207068
TI  - Electric fence for retaining slugs in outdoor enclosures.

PMID- 1207070
TI  - System for continuous agitation of radioimmunoassay samples.

PMID- 1207069
TI  - Self-cleaning bacteriological pipette using ultrasonic vibration.

PMID- 1207071
TI  - Aid to the silylation of glass chromatographic columns.

PMID- 1207073
TI  - Myasthenia in Springer Spaniel littermates.

PMID- 1207072
TI  - Lamp for full aperture microscopy.

PMID- 1207074
TI  - Fractures of the distal femur in the dog and cat.

PMID- 1207075
TI  - The reaction of hair follicles in the vicinity of full-thickness excised skin
      wounds in the dog.

PMID- 1207077
TI  - The logical use of antibiotics.

PMID- 1207076
TI  - Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the dog and cat: comparison of two methods and
      influence of packed cell volume, temperature and storage of blood.

PMID- 1207078
TI  - Retropharyngeal fibrosarcoma in a dog.

PMID- 1207080
TI  - The effect of vitamin E on serum bilirubin levels in the newborn.

PMID- 1207079
TI  - Five-year review of nephrotic syndrome in Singapore children.

PMID- 1207081
TI  - Report of a case of unilateral pulmonary aplasia and review of literature.

PMID- 1207082
TI  - Anthropometric studies in Singapore children.

PMID- 1207083
TI  - The counterpart system in speech therapy in Singapore.

PMID- 1207084
TI  - Cystic fibrosis in a Chinese girl.

PMID- 1207085
TI  - Changes in authoritarianism associated with university residence in the Arab
      Middle East.

PMID- 1207087
TI  - The cathartic value of self-expression: testing, catharsis, dissonance, and
      interference explanations.

PMID- 1207086
TI  - Attitudes toward homosexuality among West Indian male and female college
      students.

PMID- 1207088
TI  - Helping behavior as a function of pictorially induced moods.

PMID- 1207089
TI  - Personality, attraction, and social ambiguity.

PMID- 1207091
TI  - Aggression in Indian society: an analysis of folk tales.

PMID- 1207090
TI  - Negative salience in impressions of character: effects of unequal proportions of
      positive and negative information.

PMID- 1207092
TI  - Demand characteristics and disclosure reciprocity.

PMID- 1207093
TI  - Additional dimensions of internal-external control.

PMID- 1207094
TI  - The distribution of perceptual cues in English prevocalic fricatives.
AB  - Two experiments involving deletion of selected segments of syllables were
      undertaken to investigate the distribution of perceptual cues and the role of
      right-to-left coarticulation in fricative vowel monosyllables. From 12 original
      syllables (/f, theta, s, integral/ in combination with /i, u, a/), manipulations
      were made so that a group of listeners were exposed to transitionless syllables
      and isolated segments of syllables. Consonant and vowel recognition scores under
      these conditions showed that right-to-left coarticulation effects are
      perceptible, but do not contribute to consonant identification. The vocalic
      effects shown for many monosyllables were consistent with a normalization
      hypothesis. In agreement with previous literature, spectral cues in frication
      determine /s, integral/ recognition. These cues also contribute to the
      identification of many /f/ and /theta/ syllables.

PMID- 1207095
TI  - Contextual variables related to inconsistent /s/ and /z/ production in the
      spontaneous speech of children.
AB  - The relationship between phonetic context and inconsistent productions of /s/ and
      /z/ in the spontaneous speech of three approximately three-year-old children was
      investigated using a nonlexically constrained segmentation, the VCnV syllable. Cn
      represents any number of consonants occurring between two vowels. The results
      indicate that of the speech segments surrounding /s/ and /z/ only the identity of
      consonants following these segments was significantly related to the accuracy of
      /s/ and /z/ production. The implications of the data for models of speech
      production are discussed.

PMID- 1207096
TI  - Neuropsychologic function of children with severe hearing impairment.
AB  - A neuropsychologic and medical study was carried out on a selected sample of 34
      hearing-impaired children aged seven to 10 years at the onset of the study. In 16
      children the cause of the hearing loss was thought to be exogenous. Eight of
      these had evidence for organic brain dysfunction. Nine children were thought to
      have genetic etiologies, and in nine no cause could be determined (sporadic
      hearing loss). Medical examination revealed several unsuspected abnormalities,
      particularly visual ones. Motor and visual motor deficits were frequent among
      hearing-impaired children with brain damage. The Performance Scale of the
      Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and Raven's Coloured Progressive
      Matrices, as well as the Paper Folding item of the Hiskey-Nebraska Test of
      Learning Aptitude appeared sensitive to the presence of brain damage. The mean
      score for the WISC Performance Scale fell within the average range for hearing
      children, supporting previous findings of cognitive competence of the deaf. In
      this sample, Hiskey-Nebraska scores tended to be lower than WISC scores. Reasons
      for this discrepancy were suggested and did not appear to be accounted for by
      brain damage. Deficits in items requiring visual memory, sequencing, and
      categorization were relatively prevalent but showed no etiologic predilection.
      They were thought to be related to the consequence of hearing loss rather than to
      brain damage. Difficulty with stereognosis highlighted the problem of deciding
      why a hearing-impaired child might fail a particular task. This difficulty
      suggested that failure might not indicate a deficit in the function the task was
      designed to measure, but rather, reliance on an inefficient strategy for success.

PMID- 1207097
TI  - Self and mutual speech comprehension by deviant- and normal-speaking children.
AB  - This study was conducted to determine whether deviant-speaking children can
      understand their own speech productions when these productions are presented to
      them from an external source (tape recorder). Two groups of children with normal
      and deviant speech attempted to comprehend their own and one another's recorded
      repetitions of two matched lists of imperative sentences. Although there was a
      significant main effect for comprehension of high- and low-intelligibility
      sentences, a significant main effect for the groups' comprehension performances
      was not found. The results suggested that the deviant-speaking children were
      perceptually oriented to the standard code of the speech community rather than to
      their own deviant speech codes. Deficits in speech production are discussed in
      terms of a reduction theory of telegraphic speech. Deviant-speaking children may
      reduce complexity of speech output through the application of phonetic reduction
      rules.

PMID- 1207098
TI  - Localization of two noise sources overlapping in time.
AB  - The accuracy of localization of two independent, wide-band noise sources,
      overlapping in time, was measured. Subjects given preliminary practice had little
      difficulty in localizing when sources separated by 55 degrees were located in
      front of them or in back of them, with one source 10 degrees from the midline.
      But when sources were at the side of the subject, perception that there were two
      sources present tended to improve significantly as time between onset of the
      sounds was increased to 100 msec. Once a sound was perceived to be present, it
      was localized with fairly high accuracy.

PMID- 1207099
TI  - Reduction of stuttering frequency using analog electromyographic feedback.
AB  - Three stutterers were taught to reduce resting muscle activity by using analog
      electromyographic feedback from four sites over different muscle groups. They
      were then trained to reduce muscle activity prior to uttering selected sentences.
      A functional analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the
      decrease in stuttering frequency on initial phonemes and the reduction of
      electrical activity at each muscle site. Subjects demonstrated different
      responses to training. One subject's greatest decrease in stuttering frequency
      was associated with muscle activity training at a lip site. A second subject's
      greatest decrease in stuttering was associated with training at a laryngeal site.
      A third subject's greatest decreases in stuttering were with both lip and
      laryngeal site training. Following these demonstrations that stuttering could be
      controlled with electromyographic feedback, a practical management program was
      designed for a fourth stutterer. Feedback training to reduce electromyographic
      activity when paired with speech resulted in elimination of stuttering in two
      monitored situations, conversations and telephone calls. Probes indicated the
      stuttering continued to be markedly reduced in all situations nine months after
      treatment.

PMID- 1207100
TI  - Voice onset time, frication, and aspiration in word-initial consonant clusters.
AB  - The voice onset time (VOT) and the duration of the burst of frication noise at
      the release of a plosive consonant were measured from spectrograms of word
      initial consonant clusters. Mean data from three speakers reading English words
      in a sentence frame indicated that the VOT changed as a function of the place of
      articulation of the plosive and as a function of the identity of the following
      vowel or sonorant consonant. Burst durations varied in a similar way such that
      the remaining interval of aspiration in /p, t, k/ was nearly the same duration in
      comparable phonetic environments. The VOT was longer before sonorants and high
      vowels than before mid- and low vowels. Aspiration was also seen in an /s/
      sonorant cluster. To explain these regularities, production strategies and
      perceptual cues to a voicing decision for English plosives are considered.
      Variations in VOT are explained in terms of articulatory mechanisms, perceptual
      constraints, and phonological rules. Some VOT data obtained from a connected
      discourse were also analyzed and organized into a set of rules for predicting
      voice onset time in any sentence context.

PMID- 1207101
TI  - Vertical laryngeal position during continuous and discrete vocal frequency
      change.
AB  - Six young adult male subjects produced sustained phonation throughout their vocal
      frequency ranges: first, in a glissando or continuous frequency change maneuver,
      and second, in discrete intervals at separate trials. Measures of intrinsic and
      extrinsic laryngeal muscle activity and vertical laryngeal position were related
      to voice fundamental frequency in the two conditions. Each subject consistently
      positioned his larynx at a resting level when he was instructed to relax or when
      he was not performing experimental tasks. All larynx positions during
      experimental tasks were measured as deviations from this resting level. Subjects
      showed a close correspondence between their vertical laryngeal positions and
      voice frequencies--more so for the glissando maneuver than for changes in
      discrete frequency tasks. In general, subjects lowered their larynges from the
      resting position for low-frequency phonation and raised their larynges for higher
      fundamental frequencies. Absolute larynx position for the same frequency was
      quite varied both within and between subjects. Vertical laryngeal position during
      phonation most often was directly related to the activity of the thyrohyoid and
      sternothyroid muscles. Neither vertical laryngeal movement nor intrinsic
      laryngeal activity showed any pattern of relationship to changes between modal
      and falsetto voice registers.

PMID- 1207102
TI  - The effect of combining low- and high-frequency passbands on consonant
      recognition in the hearing impaired.
AB  - A comparison was made of the effect on consonant-recognition scores when a low
      frequency passband and a high-frequency passband were presented to either the
      same ear or opposite ears of hearing-impaired subjects. The Fairbanks Rhyme Test
      was filtered into two bands-240-480 Hz (low band) and 1020-2040 Hz (high band).
      The high band was presented at 10 dB re threshold at 1500 Hz to the better ear of
      six subjects with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing losses. The low band
      was presented to the same (ear receiving high band) or the opposite ear at levels
      of 10, 30, or 50 dB SL re threshold at 360 Hz in that ear. When the low band and
      high band were added to the same ear, there was little change in the consonant
      recognition score, but, when presented to opposite ears, there was a significant
      increase in the score, at each of the three sensation levels.

PMID- 1207104
TI  - Rhythm and syllable timing in phrase level stress patterning.
AB  - The rhythm of syllables in repetitions of a phrase was measured with a finger
      tapping task. These rhythm measurements were shown to vary with phrase level
      stress patterning. However, this relationship was not invariant. Acoustic
      measurements of the time between syllables showed stress pattern relationships
      similar to those observed in the rhythm-tapping task. The temporal differences
      between stress patterns appear to be (1) evident even when acoustic measurements
      exclude syllable duration, (2) significant even at a fast speaking rate, and (3)
      variable between speakers.

PMID- 1207103
TI  - Comparison of glottal area changes as measured from ultrahigh-speed photographs
      and photoelectric glottographs.
AB  - To determine the relationship of information on glottal area function provided by
      deviations sensed by the photoelectric glottograph to that derived from a frame
      by-frame analysis of ultrahigh-speed photographic film, simultaneous photographic
      and glottographic recordings were obtained from five subjects. From the
      investigation, the following results were obtained: (1) the measurements of the
      light deviations sensed by the photoelectric glottograph during laryngeal
      vibrations produced curves that approximated those developed from photographic
      film frame-by-frame measurements of the visual image in vocal fry, modal, and
      falsetto voice registers, and (2) the Fourier coefficients of the compared data
      indicated that there was no significant difference between the curves.

PMID- 1207105
TI  - A comparison of pure-tone thresholds as measured by delayed feedback audiometry,
      electrodermal response audiometry, and voluntary response audiometry.
AB  - One hundred unselected patients seen for medical-legal evaluation were tested for
      pure-tone thresholds by delayed feedback audiometry (DFA), electrodermal response
      audiometry (EDRA), and voluntary response audiometry (VRA). The EDRA method was
      successful in 73% of the patients while the DFA method was successful in 88% of
      the patients. Eighty-six percent of the DFA thresholds obtained were within 10 dB
      of the patients' VRA thresholds. When both DFA and EDRA were successful, 88% of
      the DFA thresholds were within 10 dB of the EDRA thresholds. Ninety-six percent
      of the EDRA thresholds obtained were within 10 dB of the patients' VRA
      thresholds. Although DFA is not as precise in predicting threshold as is EDRA, it
      is successful in a significantly greater number of patients than is EDRA and is a
      useful clinical tool in medical-legal evaluation for hearing loss.

PMID- 1207106
TI  - Pronoun assessment: a free speech technique.
AB  - A study of the free speech pronoun usage of 15 normal and 15 language-delayed
      children showed that it is possible to distinguish between children at five
      different levels of language development by considering linguistically relevant
      pronoun properties. The discriminating measure considered the frequency of
      pronoun types as a percentage of the child's total utterances. It is suggested
      that eliciting child utterances in a free play situation with the principal
      caregiver provides a good language sample and has potential as a diagnostic
      method.

PMID- 1207107
TI  - Identification and discrimination of vowel-consonant syllables in listeners with
      sensorineural hearing loss.
AB  - The speech encoding ability of eight persons with sensorineural hearing loss and
      three persons with normal hearing was studied in identification and
      discrimination paradigms. In the identification task a feature analysis of
      transmitted information for VC syllables was used to study encoding ability.
      Transmitted information was reduced from normal for persons with hearing loss,
      indicating a loss of ability to encode consonants. In the discrimination task
      coding ability was studied by measuring reaction times (RTs) for "same" and
      "different" decisions. The RSs for individuals with impaired hearing were found
      to be significantly different from those subjects with normal hearing. The trend
      was for faster "same" than "different" RTs among the normal subjects and faster
      "different" than "same" RTs among the hearing-impaired persons. The results are
      interpreted as indicating that the two groups of subjects used different
      processing modes in discriminating between pairs of phonemes.

PMID- 1207108
TI  - Residual hearing and speech production in deaf children.
AB  - Residual hearing, phoneme recognition, speech production errors, and selected
      background variables were examined in 40 congenitally deaf children of normal
      intelligence who had no apparent anomalies other than deafness, in an effort to
      identify factors most closely associated with speech intelligibility. Mean
      intelligibility of the recorded speech of the children, to inexperienced
      listerners, was 18.7%, corresponding closely with results of previous studies.
      Scores on the total and some portions of the phoneme recognition test showed
      significant correlations with both phoneme production and speech intelligibility.
      The correlation between phoneme production errors and intelligibility was -0.80.
      A sizable proportion of the dispersion could be accounted for by certain prosodic
      errors, such as those resulting from improper phonatory control. Errors of place
      of articulation and voicing remained in essentially the same proportion for all
      speakers. Errors of manner and combined place and manner of articulation showed a
      slight systematic decrease from the poorest to the best speakers. Omissions
      decreased sharply, but not systematically. Vowel errors showed the most marked
      and systematic decrease as intelligibility improved. Children of deaf parents
      were poorer in phoneme recognition and in speech intelligibility than children
      with comparable residual hearing but with hearing parents.

PMID- 1207109
TI  - Dynamic palatometry.
AB  - A computer-based instrumental system is described for continuous palatometry.
      Thin pseudopalatal plates (approximately 0.2 mm) with embedded electrodes are
      used to detect linguapalatal contact during speech articulation. Geometric
      configurations of such contacts are then derived and displayed to reveal
      articulatory characteristics.

PMID- 1207110
TI  - Cardiovascular fitness in a selected group of dentists.
AB  - Thirty-three dentists were studied as part of an exercise rehabilitation clinic
      in order to evaluate their cardiovascular capacity and coronary prone risk
      factors. Measurements were made of their physical work capacity, predicted
      maximal oxygen uptake, fatness, serum lipids and uric acid levels, pulmonary peak
      flow rates and personality Type A or B. The group as a whole exhibited a
      moderately high level of fitness and a very active life style which probably
      reflected their presence at a clinic of this type. Cardiovascular fitness
      varibles increased with age. This increase may be due to a need and desire on the
      part of the dentists to maintain their physical fitness as they become older.
      This need for improved self image may also be a factor in their joining an
      exercise rehabilitation clinic.

PMID- 1207112
TI  - Stabilization in acromioclavicular disruption.

PMID- 1207111
TI  - Stress fractures in athletes.

PMID- 1207113
TI  - Investigation into hamstring strains: the case of the hybrid muscle.
AB  - Past research on hamstring strains indicated an imbalance in leg strength as a
      cause of hamstring strains. No theory has been put forth to explain why the
      strength imbalance would cause strain. Investigation on cadavers of the muscular
      attachment of the short head of the biceps femoris indicated the varied
      attachment of this muscle to the linea aspera. It is theorized that an extensive
      attachment to the linea aspara and a strength imbalance would cause hamstring
      strains.

PMID- 1207114
TI  - The double bucket handle tear of the medial meniscus.

PMID- 1207115
TI  - Tackler's exostosis.

PMID- 1207116
TI  - Risk factors, sports medicine and the orthopedic system: an overview.

PMID- 1207117
TI  - Letter: Etiology of tennis elbow.

PMID- 1207118
TI  - Treatment of ischaemia in the rabbit ear with hyperbaric oxygen.

PMID- 1207119
TI  - Levels of allantoin and uric acid in dogs subjected to hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 1207120
TI  - Effects of allopurinol on hepatic adenosine nucleotides in hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 1207121
TI  - Hypocitricemic response to surgical stress in rats.

PMID- 1207122
TI  - A model for lliofemoral thrombophlebitis.

PMID- 1207123
TI  - Action of coherin on the basic electrical rhythm and propagation in the isolated
      perfused canine jejunum.

PMID- 1207124
TI  - An overview of surgical infections.

PMID- 1207125
TI  - Selection of antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 1207126
TI  - Bacterial pneumonia: aids in diagnosis and management.

PMID- 1207127
TI  - Neuroblastoma.

PMID- 1207128
TI  - Non-invasive methods of evaluating cardiac ejection fraction.

PMID- 1207129
TI  - Selection of breast carcinoma patients for endocrine therapy.

PMID- 1207130
TI  - Hypertension in the black community--an overview.

PMID- 1207131
TI  - EKG of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1207132
TI  - Interactions of 6-thioguanine in B-DNA: possible mechanism of its mutagenic
      action.

PMID- 1207133
TI  - Chromatin-nuclear membrane attachment in relation to DNA replication and
      chromosome aberrations: a new hypothesis.

PMID- 1207134
TI  - Heat production and absorption during excitation in nerve.

PMID- 1207135
TI  - Thyroglobulin diffusion in the thyroid follicular lumen.

PMID- 1207136
TI  - On dimensional determination of rod-shaped bacteria.

PMID- 1207137
TI  - Theory of excitable membranes. I. A simple model for a three-state artificial
      membrane.

PMID- 1207138
TI  - The distribution of heat sources in the human head: a theoretical consideration.

PMID- 1207139
TI  - Exocytosis modelling: an electrostatic function for calcium in stimulus-secretion
      coupling.

PMID- 1207140
TI  - The London-Van der Waals attraction constant of secretory granules and its
      significance.

PMID- 1207142
TI  - A model for morphogenetic map and clock.

PMID- 1207141
TI  - The Glansdorff-Prigogine thermodynamic stability criterion in the light of
      Lyapunov's theory.

PMID- 1207143
TI  - Flux induced biochemical differentiation.

PMID- 1207144
TI  - Molecule numbers associated with the chemotactic migration of neutrophils at
      various temperatures.

PMID- 1207145
TI  - On characteristic lengths of helical and non-helical segments in proteins.

PMID- 1207146
TI  - The efficient computation of conformational energy surfaces using SCF molecular
      orbital methods.

PMID- 1207147
TI  - On the nature of solutions to the Dreitlein-Smoes model for oscillatory kinetic
      systems.

PMID- 1207149
TI  - A methaphor for molecular evolution.

PMID- 1207148
TI  - Comment on some recent models of stomatal mechanics.

PMID- 1207151
TI  - Pattern recognition methods for prediction of secondary structure of proteins.
      II. Elimination of "Contradicting" signs and prediction of turns of polypeptide
      chains in proteins.

PMID- 1207150
TI  - Acetylation of Protein N-terminal amino groups structural observations on alpha
      amino acetylated proteins.

PMID- 1207153
TI  - Choosing an appropriate multi-exponential model.

PMID- 1207152
TI  - On the adjustment of the sex ratio and the gregarious behavior of animal
      populations.

PMID- 1207154
TI  - The visual inner transform of the outer optical medium and the visual resolution.

PMID- 1207155
TI  - Theoretical Study of DNA unwinding under the action of formaldehyde.

PMID- 1207157
TI  - Fluctuations and noise in kinetic systems. III. Cycling steady-state models.

PMID- 1207156
TI  - Protein synthesis rhythm.

PMID- 1207158
TI  - The error catastrophe hypothesis with reference to aging and the evolution of the
      protein synthesizing machinery.

PMID- 1207159
TI  - Mechanisms of Conformon Creation in alpha-Helical Structures.

PMID- 1207161
TI  - Theoretical genetics of Batesian mimicry II. Evolution of supergenes.

PMID- 1207160
TI  - Theoretical genetics of Batesian mimicry I. single-locus models.

PMID- 1207162
TI  - Theoretical genetics of Batesian mimicry III. Evolution of dominance.

PMID- 1207163
TI  - Flash pattern recognition in fireflies.

PMID- 1207164
TI  - Computer simulation of firefly flash sequences.

PMID- 1207165
TI  - The animal growth phase plane.

PMID- 1207166
TI  - A theory of animal weight response to controlled feeding.

PMID- 1207167
TI  - Gamete dimorphism and the cost of sexual reproduction: are they separate
      phenomena?

PMID- 1207168
TI  - Sexual reproduction and parent-offspring conflict in the RNA "Tumour" virus/host
      relationship: implications for vertebrate oncogene evolution.

PMID- 1207169
TI  - Darwinian selection for self-limiting populations.

PMID- 1207170
TI  - Adhesion-guided multicellular assembly: a commentary upon the postulates, real
      and imagined, of the differential adhesion hypothesis, with special attention to
      computer simulations of cell sorting.

PMID- 1207171
TI  - Plant tumors resulting from unregulated hormone synthesis.

PMID- 1207173
TI  - The influence of nitrous bases interactions on the DNA secondary structure
      formation.

PMID- 1207172
TI  - Dioxetanes as intermediates in biological processes.

PMID- 1207174
TI  - Thermodynamic and kinetic study of blood filtration.

PMID- 1207175
TI  - Distribution of response times in visual sense cells after weak stimuli.

PMID- 1207176
TI  - Negative ionic cross diffusion coefficients in electrolytic solutions.

PMID- 1207177
TI  - A model for the regulation of growth in mammalian cells.

PMID- 1207178
TI  - Some further insight into kin selection.

PMID- 1207179
TI  - An elemental phenomenon of vision-suprafusion transients: general theory, retinal
      cortical manifestations, potential application.

PMID- 1207180
TI  - Allergic reactions to contraceptives and douches.

PMID- 1207181
TI  - Headaches associated with orgasm.

PMID- 1207182
TI  - Arboviruses in the scientific world and in the community; role of WHO.

PMID- 1207183
TI  - Transovarial transmission of arboviruses by mosquitoes: a review.
AB  - One interesting aspect of mosquito-borne arboviruses is their endemic
      persistence, espeically during adverse climatic conditions in the temperate
      zones. The hypothesis that transovarial transmission of alpha- and flaviviruses
      by their respective mosquito vectors could serve as an overwintering mechanism
      has been proposed; however, experimental data in support of this hypothesis are
      not very convincing. Recently, some of the California encephalitis group
      arboviruses have been shown to be transmitted transovarially by Aedes species
      mosquitoes, and studies indicate that this mechanism contributes to the natural
      maintenance cycle of these viruses. Finally, consideration is given to the
      possibility that transovarial transmission may be unique to the California
      encephalitis group arboviruses and may be related to their association with a
      vector that overwinters in the egg stage of its life cycle.

PMID- 1207184
TI  - Mosquito-borne viruses in Finland.
AB  - Inkoo virus, the Finnish representative of the California group, was isolated
      from a pool of Aedes communis/punctor. It is distinguishable from Tahyna,
      California encephalitis, Trivittatus and Melao viruses, but seems to be
      antigenically related to the Jamestown Canyon virus. The prevalence of Inkoo
      antibodies increases towards the north in both human beings (16% to 69%) and cows
      (37% to 88%). Inkoo antibodies are common also in other mammals of large size
      (reindeer, moose, foxes), less frequent in snow hares, rare in hazel grouse and
      not detected in other birds and small mammals. Some show hare serum samples react
      with Inkoo virus only in the hemmaglutination inhibition test suggesting the
      existence of another California group virus in Finland. In addition, antibodies
      against some other mosquito-borne viruses have been found in Finland. A Batai
      virus epizootic among cows may have occured in the early 1960's in southern
      coastal Finland, and some serological data point to the existence of alphaviruses
      in Finland. The overwintering mechanism of the Finnish mosquito-borne viruses is
      still unsolved.

PMID- 1207185
TI  - Tick-borne viruses in Estonia.

PMID- 1207186
TI  - Ecology of tick-borne viruses in colonies of birds in the USSR.
AB  - During 1969--1974, 66,000 argasid and ixodid ticks from bird colonies in
      different parts of the USSR were studied. 247 strains of 8 different viruses were
      isolated. West Nile, Baku and Caspiy viruses were found from argasid ticks in the
      Caucasus and Middle Asia whereas ixodid ticks from seabird colonies in the North
      of the Far East and in the European part of the country yielded Tyuleniy, Zaliv
      Terpenya, Okhotskiy, Sakhalin and Paramushir viruses. The implications of the
      findings in the ecology of arboviruses is discussed.

PMID- 1207187
TI  - The damaging action of cellular immunity in flavivirus infections of mice.
AB  - The development of acute infections caused by different flaviviruses was studied
      in immunosuppressed inbred and non-inbred mice. Cyclophosphamide treatment of
      challenged animals resulted in an increase of the mean survival time by 24--144
      hours in some but not all virus-mouse strain combinations. The transient
      protective action of cyclophosphamide was not due to suppression of the
      reproduction of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) or dengue 2 (D2) virus in the
      brains of mice. In TBE or D2 infections of immunosuppressed mice the clinical
      signs of central nervous system lesions seemed to be associated with the
      development of cellular immunity measured by the splenobyte migration inhibition
      test. The transfer of sensitized splenocytes in immunosuppressed animals,
      challenged with TBE or D2 virus, shortened the incubation period. These results
      suggest that cellular immunity may have a damaging effect in acute flavivirus
      infections in mice, and also that the immunopathological response varies
      considerably in different strains of inbred mice.

PMID- 1207188
TI  - Interference with the glycosylation of Semliki Forest virus proteins.
AB  - It has been shown that under defined conditions the multiplication of SFV can be
      inhibited by specific interference with the production of viral glycoproteins.
      These conditions are: a) Either 0.2 mM dGlc or 2 mM glucosamine in glucose
      containing medium, b) lack of any sugar or energy source in the culture medium,
      c) pyruvate as energy source, late in the infectious cycle. Under these
      conditions underglycosylated glycoproteins occur, which cannot be used to form
      physical or infectious particles. It is not yet clear whether the appearance of a
      heterogeneous population of molecules in the molecular weight range between 50
      and 63,000 is due exclusively to different lengths of the carbohydrate side
      chains, or also due to wrong splitting or partial degradation of the precursor
      molecules by cellular proteases. Glucosamine seems to act via the accumulation of
      UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (or a derivative of it), while dGlc is metabolized along
      the pathway of mannose and acts mainly as an antimetabolite of mannose.

PMID- 1207190
TI  - Function of Sindbis virus 49S and 26S RNAs in in vitro protein synthesizing
      systems. A summary.

PMID- 1207189
TI  - Defective particles in alphavirus infections.
AB  - This article summarizes our studies with defective-interfering particles of
      Sindbis virus obtained by high multiplicity passaging of the virus in BHK cells.
      Cells infected with these defective passages accumulate a species of RNA (20S) at
      the expense of 26S RNA--the mRNA coding for the viral structural proteins.
      Although the structure of the RNA in defective particles remains undefined, our
      studies of replicative forms and replicative intermediates suggest that it is
      larger than the intracellular 20S RNA. The defective particles are unable to
      synthesize detectable amounts of viral structural proteins when they infect a
      cell in the absence of standard virus and they do not contribute to the
      stimulation of intracellular viral RNA synthesis. We have proposed a model for
      the mechanism of interference by these defective particles in which standard and
      defective RNAs compete for a limited amount of viral-specific replicase.

PMID- 1207191
TI  - Translation of Semliki forest virus 42S and 26S RNAs in two eukaryotic cell-free
      protein synthesising systems.

PMID- 1207192
TI  - Polysomes and initiation complexes in vitro induced by Semliki Forest virus 42S
      and 26S RNA.
AB  - Semliki Forest virus 42S and 26S RNA induce the formation of polysomes when
      translated in vitro in cell-free systems. After analysis on sucrose gradients the
      polysomal structures, containing prelabelled RNA and nascent peptide chains
      labelled with [35S]methionine, had sedimentation values from 100 to 200S in the
      case of 26S RNA and from 150 to over 250S with 42S RNA. After incubation in the
      presence of inhibitors of elongation 26S RNA was found in initiation complexes
      sedimenting at about 80S. Under identical conditions 42S RNA had a heterogenous
      sedimentation pattern, being attached to complexes sedimenting even faster than
      250S. These structures, however, fulfilled the criteria of initiation complexes
      suggesting that there were more than one ribosome attached to each 42S RNA under
      conditions where 26S RNA bound only one.

PMID- 1207193
TI  - The basis of arbovirus classification.
AB  - The biologically defined set of arboviruses contains well over 300 separate
      viruses which have been subdivided into some 40 serological groups on the basis
      of antigenic cross-reactivity. More than three quarters of all arboviruses can
      now bw placed into one of the following five major taxonomic genera based upon
      the fundamental properties of the virion: alphavirus, flavivirus, orbivirus,
      rhadovirus, bunyavirus. There are 20 alphaviruses, representing serological Group
      A, and 57 flaviviruses in serological Group B; these two genera fall into the
      familty Togaviridae. The 40 orbiviruses, in the family Reoviridae, include some 8
      serological groups, and the 8 rhabdoviruses, in the family Rhabdoviridae include
      another 3 groups. About 160 bunyaviruses, family Bunyaviridae, are divisible into
      20 serological groups, 10 of which show intra-group cross-reactions in the
      Bunyamwera supergroup. One arbovirus contains DNA, namely African swine fever
      virus; this is classified as an Iridovirus, or icosahedral cytoplasmic
      deoxyvirus. Nodamura virus, which has been classified as a picornavirus, must be
      reclassified on the evidence that it possesses a divided genome. A number of
      arboviruses remain unclassified in taxonomic terms. The absence of arbovirus
      representatives in several major genera, such as the adenoviruses and the
      myxoviruses is of no interest.

PMID- 1207194
TI  - Tick-borne viruses in Norway.
AB  - The purpose of the investigation was to chart the existence and extent of
      arboviruses in Norway and provide information on their possible significance.
      Virus isolations have been attempted from ticks (I. ricinus, I. trianguliceps, I.
      uriae) and host animal blood from selected locations. Serological screenings have
      been performed with bird, small mammal, cattle and human blood. Five virus
      strians have been identified to date. Three of them are related to Uukuniemi
      virus group. Two identical strains from I. uriae demonstrate the morphology of
      coronaviruses and no antigenic relationship to major arbovirus groups. Within the
      distribution areas of I. ricinus, antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus are
      prevalent in cattle. Antibodies to Uukuniemi viruses are found in passerine
      birds, small mammals, cattle and man. Antibodies to the coronavirus like agents
      have been demonstrated in seabirds.

PMID- 1207195
TI  - [Biological study of hemostasis during benign viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1207196
TI  - [Lithogenic bile and cirrhosis of the liver].

PMID- 1207197
TI  - [Tuberculosis of the gallbladder. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 1207199
TI  - [Tumors of the duodenum and small intestine].

PMID- 1207198
TI  - [Nonspecific hepatic lesions in paraneoplastic syndromes].

PMID- 1207200
TI  - [Chronic primary odditis. Nosological study].

PMID- 1207201
TI  - [Biliary peritonitis without perforation].

PMID- 1207202
TI  - [Complete biliary tract dilatation and lithiasis in children].

PMID- 1207203
TI  - [Dietetic studies on our personal cases of chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1207204
TI  - [Valve of Hepato-Prest in the diagnosis and surveillance of hepatic diseases].

PMID- 1207205
TI  - [Clinical, radiological and endoscopic evaluation of the use of plasmutan in
      gastro-intestinal ulcerous diseases].

PMID- 1207206
TI  - Clinical observations after cholecystectomy.

PMID- 1207207
TI  - [Cytologic diagnosis of cancer of the pancreas].

PMID- 1207208
TI  - [Gilbert's disease. Action of uridine diphosphoglucose on the metabolism of
      bilirubin].

PMID- 1207209
TI  - [Electrogastroenterographic study of Tomoda, Henley and omega type raised loops
      after total gastrectomy].

PMID- 1207210
TI  - [Cancers of the hilus hepatis. A propos of 12 cases].

PMID- 1207211
TI  - [Value of radiological videotape recording in peroperative biliary radiography].

PMID- 1207212
TI  - [Intraperitoneal perforation of the rectosigmoid during rectoscopy].

PMID- 1207213
TI  - [Use of Maalox in pediatrics. Curative and preventive treatment of gastro
      esophageal reflux].

PMID- 1207214
TI  - [Basic treatment of migraine. Value of pizotifen (BC105)].

PMID- 1207216
TI  - [Editorial: About help to dying people].

PMID- 1207215
TI  - [External digestive electromyography. Value in the study of the mechanism of
      action of trimebutine in dyspeptic subjects].

PMID- 1207217
TI  - [Recurrent pustulosis in adopted children from southern and eastern Asia].

PMID- 1207218
TI  - [Ear health care at an Indian reservation in Montana].

PMID- 1207220
TI  - [Drug consumption by 70-year-olds in Gothenburg].

PMID- 1207219
TI  - [How do 70-year-olds live and feel in an urban community?].

PMID- 1207221
TI  - [Surgical form '75 for experimental and clinical research. 92d congress of the
      Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie, Munich 1975].

PMID- 1207222
TI  - [Optimum perfusion pressure, renal resistance and oxygen consumption of kidney in
      hypothermic pulsating perfusion].
AB  - 36 dog kidneys were perfused with different perfusion pressures (between 15 and
      60 mm Hg) for 72 hrs and then transplanted. Hypothermic human albumin was the
      perfusion fluid. Kidneys perfused with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/g/min (21 mm Hg mean
      perfusion pressure) showed the smallest increase in kidney weight and the best
      function after transplantation. Renal vascular resistance was independent of the
      level of the perfusion pressure and renal oxygen consumption was independent of
      the applied flow rate.

PMID- 1207223
TI  - [Effect of pO2 in perfusate on metabolism of preserved dog kidneys].
AB  - In 48 canine kidneys submitted to an ischemia of 2 min duration normal cortical
      ATP values with a nearly unchanged content of total adenine nucleotides (SAN)
      were resumed by a five minute gravity perfusion. During the following 24 hours of
      low flow perfusion at 6 degrees C the extent of preservation of ATP and SAN
      correlated with the arterial oxygen pressure of the perfusate.

PMID- 1207224
TI  - [Changes in transplantation antigens of the dog due to cerebral ischemia and
      their demonstration using the cytotoxic test].
AB  - Experiments were performed on 19 mongrel dogs. Changes of transplantation
      antigens by anesthesia and by brain ischemia were identified in cytotoxic tests.
      Brain ischemia was responsible for the significant alterations in 5 antigens,
      anesthesia alone induced significant changes in 3 antigens.

PMID- 1207225
TI  - [Treatment of pseudomonas infection following burn injuries with specific
      antitoxic Ig-therapy].
AB  - The mortality rate of mice after standardized Pseudomonas infection was increased
      by preinjection of a sublethal dose of burn toxin. This effect was eliminated by
      a specific antitoxic Ig. After a sublethal burn followed by infection, 60% of the
      animals died, while treatment with specific Ig reduced the mortality rate to
      3.3%. This might be a new way to improve the treatment of severely burned
      patients.

PMID- 1207226
TI  - [Experimental use of a q-switched YAQ high-performance laser as a surgical tool].
AB  - A q-switched YAG-laser has been investigated as an "optical knife". It was
      possible to cut rat liver without bleeding but there was no influence of the
      repetition frequency on the cutting effect. Otherwise, the width of the necrotic
      zone could be changed evidently more by using the q-switch-technique than by
      using a cw-laser. First experiments with pig liver showed, that larger vessels
      can be cut without bleeding by using laser beams as an "optical tool".

PMID- 1207227
TI  - [Animal experiment studies on the effect of vitamin A on cortisol-induced wound
      healing disorders].
AB  - In animal experiments on rats we could show that wound healing, inhibited by
      cortison can be normalized by vitamin A administration. The reason for this
      behaviour is assumed to be an antagonistic effect of cortison and vit. A via the
      inflammatory phase on the amount of newly formed collagen. The increase of the
      alpha 1 and alpha 2 globulin fraction and the decrease of the albumin fraction in
      the serum caused by vitamin A seems to indicate this fact as well as the
      pronounced leucocyte depression under cortisol treatment.

PMID- 1207228
TI  - [Lowering of serum bilirubin following experimental ligation of the bile duct.
      Affinity-chromatography binding of bilirubin to albumin conjugated with agarose].
AB  - Principle and procedure of a new method in the treatment of experimental
      hyperbilirubinemia for removing protein-bound, not dialyzable substances from
      blood by extracorporeal hemoperfusion are described. In six out of eight
      experiments a decrease of serum bilirubin levels between 11 and 36% has been
      accomplished. Changes in hemograms are reported and correlations between serum
      bilirubin value, amount bilirubin bound by the agarose beads and bilirubin
      clearance rate are discussed.

PMID- 1207229
TI  - [Significance of intravascular coagulation and acidosis on increase of pulmonary
      vascular resistance following trauma and hemorrhagic shock].
AB  - 24 anesthetized mongrel dogs are subjected to a standardized trauma followed by a
      hypotonic hemorrhagic shock. Compared with the control group (n equals 8)
      prophylactic treatment with heparin in the second group (n equals 8) reduces the
      rise of pulmonary vascular resistance only insignificantly. The correction of the
      metabolic acidosis with Tris does not prevent a rise of PVR in third group (n
      equals 8).

PMID- 1207230
TI  - [Fibrinogen metabolism and distribution in tourniquet-trauma].
AB  - The distribution and turn-over of 131J-labelled fibrinogen was studied in
      traumatized rats. Tourniquet-trauma resulted in a pronounced accumulation of
      labelled fibrinogen in the traumatized region. The accumulation was at the
      expense of all nontraumatized-tissue. In controls there was a parallel decline of
      total-body-activity and plasmaactivity. The T.B.A. of traumatized animals showed
      a similar disapprearance-rate, while there was a pronounced reduction of
      circulating labelled fibrinogen.

PMID- 1207231
TI  - [Controlled hypothermia of ischemic extremities for the prevention of tourniquet
      shock].
AB  - The tourniquet-shock in dogs was produced after recirculation of ischemically
      stressed bilateral hind limbs. 4 of 7 dogs died within 5 hours after release of
      the tourniquets. The cause of heart failure could be defined by hypercaliaemia,
      metabolic acidosis and hemoconcentration. The development of tourniquet-shock
      could be suppressed by hypothermic preservation of the ischemic extremities.

PMID- 1207232
TI  - [Effect of glucagon on changes of carbohydrate metabolism in experimental
      hemorrhagic shock].
AB  - The behaviour of venous blood glucose, lactate and pyruvate concentration was
      tested in experimental shock, caused by bleeding in rabbits. The animals of one
      group were retransfused after 1.5 hours hypotension of 40 mm Hg. The animals of
      another group were left with a total blood removal of 2% body weight. We found a
      significantly higher blood sugar reaction in the longer surviving animals of the
      group in comparison to the ones, which died early. A single or repeated
      intravenous application of 70/1000 mg glucagon was not followed by a
      statistically visible change of blood sugar-, lactate- and pyruvate values in
      shock versus the control group. In spite of pronounced hypovolemia 20 of 22
      animals, treated with glucagon, showed an increase of blood pressure by 20 mm Hg
      and of cardial frequency, especially after the first injection over a period of
      10 minutes with decreasing tendency in the further course of shock.

PMID- 1207233
TI  - [Histological and biochemical changes in the lung in relation to survival time
      following femoral fracture in the dog].
AB  - Following an experimentally applied fracture of the upper limb fat embolism can
      be demonstrated in the lungs. By quantitative histological evaluation and
      biochemical lipid analysis a definite correlation can be observed between the
      amount of fat in the lungs and the time interval that had elapsed between
      fracture and death of the animals. More fat is to found in lungs histologically
      as well as biochemically in those animals, in which the time interval was shorter
      (165 minutes) than in those which survived for a longer period of time (168
      hours). The electronmicroscopic morphometric examination turned out an increased
      volume of the interstitium 72 hours after the fracture.

PMID- 1207234
TI  - [Surgical treatment of Sipple's syndrome (author's transl].
AB  - Sipple's syndrome (bilateral phaeochromocytoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma)
      is a multiple endocrinopathy with a familial occurrence. The medullary thyroid
      carcinoma develops from the intrathyroidal C-cells. Radioimmunological analysis
      of serum calcitonin, basally or after calcium infusion, discloses the tumor also
      in asymptomatic members of the families. The patients are treated in two
      sessions. In the first a bilateral adrenalectomy is performed and in the second a
      total thyroidectomy with modified neck dissection. Major preoperative diagnostic
      procedures as angiograms and phlebograms as well as the bilateral adrenalectomy
      must be preceded by pre-treatment with alpha- and beta- receptorblocking
      substances.

PMID- 1207235
TI  - [Calcitonin determination as a possibility for the evaluation of surgical result
      in medullary thyroid carcinoma (C-cell carcinoma)].
AB  - In 4 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma serum calcitonin was measured
      before and after surgical treatment. In 3 cases serum CT was normalized after
      operation, whereas one case showed persisting hypercalcitonism as a hint for
      metastasation. Selective venous catheterization with CT-determination was useful
      for lacalizing metastases.

PMID- 1207236
TI  - [Electronic volume analysis of cell nuclei in the gastric mucosa].
AB  - A trial was conducted for mechanical and objective analysis of gastric mucosal
      specimen concerning suspicion of malignancy by means of electronic nuclear volume
      analysis. 16 specimen of normal and 10 specimen of malignant gastric mucosa were
      investigated. The mean nuclear volume was 37.3 mu3 in normal and 54.8 mu3 in
      carcinomatous mucosa. The difference with p less than 0.00005 is highly
      significant.

PMID- 1207237
TI  - [Correlation of blood-chemistry changes and development of cancer in experimental
      tumor induction in the colon of rats].
AB  - The changes in the blood cell count and in the blood chemistry (fibrinogen in the
      plasma, Fe and Cu in the serum) that we have found, were only seen in a late
      tumor state. This is also valid for the serum aldolase activity, which is said to
      be a screening test for a recurrency of a tumor.

PMID- 1207238
TI  - [O2 pressure on liver surface following portacaval anastomosis and administration
      of vasoactive substances in dogs with normal livers].
AB  - 1) Following acute portocaval anastomosis in healthy dog liver tissue - pO2 drops
      by 23%, an extent regulary occuring in hour long laparotomy. 2) Intravenous
      octapressin lowers splanchnic blood flow, concomitantly liver blood-flow and
      tissue -pO2 is decreased. 3) In contrast to octapressin orciprenalin improves
      liver blood-flow and tissue-pO2. 4) By shunting of arterial blood through the gut
      norepinephrine causes a rapid and lasting elevation of liver tissue-pO2.

PMID- 1207239
TI  - [Effect of antrectomy of total gastrectomy on calcium-induced gastric secretion
      and gastrin liberation in man].
AB  - These studies show that calcium stimulates gastric secretion and gastrin release
      in healthy individuals and duodenal ulcer patients. After antrectomy calcium
      still stimulates gastric secretion without affecting basal serum gastrin
      concentration. After total gastrectomy serum gastrin levels are decreased;
      hypercalcemia results in a small but definite release of gastrin from extraantral
      sites.

PMID- 1207240
TI  - [Mechanism for the liberation of duodenal gastrin in the dog].
AB  - The mechanisms of duodenal gastrin release were studied in 13 mongrel dogs after
      selective mucosal antrectomy: Vagal stimulation with insulin and local perfusion
      with acetylcholine at pH 7 resulted in a significant increase of the serum
      gastrin level taken from the pancreatico-duodenal vein. No significant amounts
      were detected after vagal stimulation with 2-deoxy-d-glucose, local perfusion
      with acetylcholin at pH 1, 5 nor after duodenal distension with 20, 40 and 120 cm
      water.

PMID- 1207241
TI  - [Effects of cyclic AMP and urecholine on gastric secretion in the dog].
AB  - The influence of cyclic AMP on gastrin release from the canine antrum was
      investigated by a direct in vivo method. After removal of spleen, gastric corpus,
      pancreas and intestine an antral pouch was consecutively perfused with dibutyryl
      cyclic AMP, papaverin and bethanechol-HCl using a branch of the left
      gastroepiploic artery. A relevant rise of gastrin in portal blood was only
      observed during perfusion of bethanechol chloride. Thus cyclic AMP does not
      release gastrin from the canine antrum.

PMID- 1207242
TI  - [Serum gastrin level following duodenal and gastric stimulation with
      acetylcholine in the dog].
AB  - Before and during instillation of a solution of 1% acetylcholine into the
      duodenum and stomach of 13 mongrel dogs serum gastrin levels were measured at 5
      min intervals. After gastric stimulation a sustained rise of serum gastrin
      concentration was observed. After duodenal stimulation gastrin levels rose only
      slightly. The multiple factors responsible for this phenomenon necessitate
      further investigations.

PMID- 1207243
TI  - [Clinical and experimental studies on the transplantation of preserved tendons].
AB  - The tensile strength of preserved tendons was studied in relation with duration
      and preserving process. Cialite preserved cow-tendons were implanted in rear
      limbs of rabbit. After 5, 7 and 9 months the transplants could still be
      identified. They were covered by unreactive fibrous connective tissue, where by
      adjustant to the connective tissue the transplant was replaced by multicellular
      growing tissue. In clinical practice preserved tendons were successfully used for
      ligament-plastic. It is reported on the possibility of use and the results.

PMID- 1207244
TI  - [Extragastric gastrin liberation. Studies on patients following gastrectomy and
      duodenopancreatectomy].
AB  - 28 investigations were performed in control patients with no gastric disease (n
      equals 10), in patients after total gastrectomy (n equals 10) and in patients
      after duodenopancreatectomy (n equals 8). We measured the serum gastrin
      concentrations in the fasting state and after the ingestion of a test meal. The
      results indicate that more than 60% of the gastrin activity is released from
      extragastric sites and in addition, it is supposed that about 20% are released
      from extragastric and extraduodenal sites.

PMID- 1207245
TI  - [Animal experiments on absorption and blood circulation in a mechanical ileus of
      the small intestine].
AB  - Using the perfusion technique the absorption of glucose, water and sodium was
      studied in the obstructed bowel. When the obstruction was reversed, the decreased
      absorption of glucose normalized after 24 hrs., of water and sodium after 36 hrs.
      The intraluminal pressure does not alter the capillary circulation during
      obstruction. Histologically an edema of the bowel wall and impaired venous flow
      was observed. In electronmicroscopic studies no morphological changes could be
      seen.

PMID- 1207246
TI  - [Animal experiments on the prevention of acute gastric mucosa erosions using
      vitamin A].
AB  - A significant reduction of vitamin A serum levels was observed in rats which
      underwent a hypoxic stress. The number of gastric ulcerations secondary to stress
      can be significantly reduced by 125 000 to 250 000 I. E. of vitamin A applicated
      parenterally prior or with the onset of stress. Consequently a prophylaxis of
      stress ulcerations appears to be possible by application of vitamin A.

PMID- 1207247
TI  - [Kinetics of bile acid in jejuno-ileal bypass].
AB  - The influence of jejunoileal bypass on bile salt kinetics and lithogenity of bile
      was investigated in 9 German shephard dogs. Total bile acid pool decreased 92%
      from initial values, bile acid turnover rate was enhanced markedly. High relative
      biliary cholesterol concentration lead to an increase of lithogenity of the bile.

PMID- 1207248
TI  - [Electric and mechanic gastric activity under insulin, penta-gastrin, carbachol
      and food ingestion in the wakeful dog].
AB  - The effect of insulin, pentagastrin, carbachol and feeding on the electrical and
      mechanical activity of the stomach was examined in the conscious dog. In these
      experiments vagal stimulation, a gastric hormone, a parasympathetic agent and
      distention elecited a similar stimulation of electrical and mechanical activity.
      The activation occurred in case of insulin only after sufficient lowering of the
      blood glucose level, in case of the other tested stimulants after a few minutes.

PMID- 1207249
TI  - [Behavior of intestinal motility and serum gastrin level during prostaglandin
      administration in acute mechanical ileus of the rabbit].
AB  - In 29 rabbits the action of PGF2 alpha and PGE2 was compared with prostigmine in
      a mechanical ileus model. PGE2 produces no therapeutical effect. PGF2 alpha
      delivered a significant increase of intraluminal intestinal pressure and of the
      amplitudes of peristalsis, lasting for about 5 minutes, whereas prostigmine made
      a long lasting significant enlargment of the amplitudes of peristalsis without
      any modification of intraluminal pressure. Serum gastrin levels increased after
      application of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha and remained constant after prostigmine. A
      possible way of action of PG's in the gastrointestinal tract is discussed, based
      on experiments concerning PG-application after different periods of time.

PMID- 1207250
TI  - [Experiences with an electrically conducting plastic electrode for transient
      cardiac pacing in infants].
AB  - An esophageal balloon catheter is equipped with an electrical conductive rubber
      electrode. Cardiac pacing by battery-powered external pace-makers with low output
      voltage was successfull in babies and young children.

PMID- 1207251
TI  - [A new model for reflux prevention following distal and total stomach resection].
AB  - By means of a short isoperistaltic invagination of a small bowel segment a valve
      mechanism has been developed experimentally. After complete or partial gastric
      resection (B II) reflux of alkaline intestinal secretion could be prevented. Even
      under extreme pathological conditions like head down position and external
      compression normal valve function has been achieved.

PMID- 1207252
TI  - [Construction of a neoesophagus using lyophilized dura. Animal experiment in
      dogs].
AB  - The experiments have proven the feasibility of bridging short oesophageal defects
      as well as longer ones with lyophilized dura. By means of a two-stage-operation
      respectively a combined homologous-alloplastik oesophageal prosthesis the risk of
      insufficiency of anastomoses may be minimized. Thus its clinical application
      seems worthy of consideration.

PMID- 1207253
TI  - [Experimental partial reconstruction of the esophagus using a free transplant of
      the small intestine].
AB  - Partial replacement of the esophagus was carried out in 20 dogs by means of free
      transplantation of a small bowel segment with vascular anastomosis to the aorta
      and v. azygos magna. Intestinal electromyography was used for vitality control in
      all cases and turned out reliable results. 15% of the cases showed thrombosis of
      the venous anastomosis with intestinal necrosis.

PMID- 1207254
TI  - [Stabilization of a small intestine invagination valve using Kock's method.
      Animal experiment].
AB  - A Thiry-vella loop was performed in 37 dogs and 147 intussescepted intestinal
      valves were constructed and tested on their stability. Stabilisation of the valve
      through a nylonnet pulled through the mesenterium without destroying the vessels
      and fixed between the serosal layers of the valve with seromuscular silk sutures
      has been proved to be the best method.

PMID- 1207255
TI  - [Continent colostomy through magnetic closure in animal experiments on dogs].
AB  - In dog experiments a continent colostomy be means of magnetic occlusion has been
      developed. Around a terminal anus praeter a silicon-coated ringmagnet was placed
      between muscular fascia and subcutaneous fascia. The colon was pulled through the
      lumen of the ring and sutured to the skin. There has been a primary wound
      healing. There was no leakage of gas and faeces beneath the magnetic cap, thus
      providing an excellent closure of the colostomy. After removal of the cap
      spontaneous defecation took place.

PMID- 1207256
TI  - [Effect of autotransplantation on various functions of the small intestine in
      swine].
AB  - The effects of anoxia on orthotopic small bowel autotransplantation were studied
      in 22 pigs respectively on the operative day (before and after transplantation)
      and post-operatively (on the 1st, 3d, 5th, 7th and 15th day). Absorption of D
      xylose (as evaluated by xylosemia curve) and several brush border enzyme
      activities were compared with histological and histoenzymological data. After
      transplantation D-xylose test, enzymatic assays and to a lesser degree
      histoenzymology showed some impairment until the 15th day. By contract mucosal
      morphology as evaluated by optical microscopy was normalized as soon as the 3d
      post-operative day. From these data it may be assumed that in
      allotransplantations, optical microscopic abnormalities seen after the fourth
      post-operative day are no longer due to anoxia but may be related to early
      rejection. Other functional tests could be of some value only after the 15th day.

PMID- 1207257
TI  - [The "Preflow technic", a new method of pharmacoradiography of the mesenteric
      area].
AB  - In 16 dog experiments we were able to demonstrate that the conventional selective
      angiography of the superior mesenteric artery (sma) is performed in a status of
      underperfusion. By the injection of 50% glucose in a well defined time interval
      preceding the application of the contrast medium an increase of blood flow can be
      achieved, which allows the contrast medium to pass through the mesenteric
      circulation as a bolus. This shows a significantly better opacity of parenchyma
      and of the venous phase. This technique is easily applicable, carries no side
      effects on the general circulation and can be recommended for clinical use.

PMID- 1207258
TI  - [Injuries, --causes and mechanics of motor vehicle side impacts].
AB  - In 228 vehicle-accidents the incidence of side-impact was 25%, being second to
      frontal impact. 20% of passengers involved sustained severe trauma (AISm 3 - 5).
      Characteristic of side-impact is a higher trauma rate of upper body with relative
      sparing of the cervical spine. Pelvic and abdominal injuries are rare but usually
      severe. The high risk for head and thorax is shown by the "absolute-trauma-index"
      (incidence x severity of trauma). Severity of trauma rises with vehicle
      deformation and is more severe on the side of the impact.

PMID- 1207260
TI  - [The growth hormone in craniocerebral injury].
AB  - Following head injuries with various degrees of cerebral trauma increased STH
      concentrations of plasma can be measured. Blood glucose values are elevated
      reflecting a diabetic metabolism lead to a suppressive effect of increased STH
      blood levels. In general it can be stated, that a stress situation is followed by
      an increase of STH-secretion despite of elevated blood glucose concentrations.
      The reasons may be: 1. increased liberation of catecholamines, 2. an
      intracellular glucose deficit due to disturbed glucose utilisation, 3. alteration
      of regional blood flow after trauma.

PMID- 1207259
TI  - [Morphology and x-ray picture of the rat lung in experimental lung contusion].
AB  - Partial contusion of the lung was performed on 131 albino rats. X-ray and
      histological findings are comparable with lung contusion in man. Three phases are
      remarkable. X-ray studies of the thorax do not show impressive changes in spite
      of histological findings of the lung. This means: X-ray picture of the
      posttraumatic lung is less eventful than the impressive anatomical histological
      findings.

PMID- 1207261
TI  - [New results on the genesis of traumatic Achilles tendon rupture].
AB  - As a result of the development of a new fixing mechanism, which permitted the
      test of peak value of tensile strength in Achilles tendons, the following facts
      were demonstrated: 1. The average value of static maximum of tensile strength is
      about 7, 5 kp/mm2, of the dynamic maximum is about 10, 1 kp/mm2. 2. The charge
      maximum decreases with progressive age. 3. The tensile strength depends on the
      minimal cross-section plane of the tendon. 4. The minimal cross section plane
      decreases with progressive age. 5. With the test of dynamic tensile strength it
      is possible to malinger a Achilles tendon rupture.

PMID- 1207262
TI  - [Experimental studies on the biomechanics of syndesmosis].
AB  - The amplitude of movement of the distal fibula was measured with the tibio
      fibular syndesmosis intact, severed and transfixed after anatomical and
      insufficient reduction. Transfixation by means of a location screw inserted above
      the syndesmosis horizontally and at an angle of 30 degrees in the frontal plane
      proved to be optimal since the quality of movement is not altered while its
      amplitude is only minimally reduced. Malalignment with shortening leads to
      rotation outward.

PMID- 1207263
TI  - [Electromyographic changes in temporary tourniquet ischemia in man].
AB  - After inflating a tourniquet with 600 mm Hg around the thigh a total blockade of
      the n. peronaeus occurs. This blockade is due to ischemia and spreads from
      proximal to distal. It is an ischemic blockade as the delay of nerve conduction
      was measured distal of the tourniquet and therefore cannot be due to the pressure
      under the cuff.

PMID- 1207264
TI  - [Incorporation of autologous spongiosa into compact substance of bones in
      relation to the vitality of transplanted cells].
AB  - Different types of autogenous cancellous grafts were inserted into both femora of
      20 sheep subsequent to special preparation or lethal radiation. The results were
      indicative of the primary role of the amount of grafted cancellous substance
      rather than the vitality of the transplanted cells. As compared to the
      outstanding effectiveness of the muscle-periosteum-flap with its revascularizing
      ability the significance of the compact receptor bed is minimal. These facts
      enhance the importance of early formation of vessels and the quantity of the
      osseous fraction of the substance grafted.

PMID- 1207265
TI  - [Quantitative determination of tissue tolerance to corrosion products in organ
      culture].
AB  - The tissue tolerance for metal was investigated using an organ culture of
      embryonic rat femora. We found reproducible results using a standardized
      experimental method. A good correlation between the applied concentrations and
      resulting growth inhibition occurred and dose-response curves were established.
      The experimental model is applicable for testing tissue  tolerance for the
      soluble products.

PMID- 1207266
TI  - Haemostasis and healing following median sternotomy.
AB  - Experiments in goats showed that the application of bone wax to the divided
      sternum retarded healing. An autologous red cell compound was an efficient
      haemostatic and lacked the obstructive effect of wax. A human autologous red cell
      compound has been applied to the sterna of 15 patients following median
      sternotomy with good effect.

PMID- 1207267
TI  - [Titanium, steel and their combination in bone surgery].
AB  - The combined application of Titanium plates with stainless steel screws appeared
      interesting, making a more elastic plate available without the risk of screw
      fractures. 3 different combinations of Titanium und stainless steel implants were
      tested in the animal and on humans. A morphometric evaluation of the soft tissue
      (animal) gave similar good results for stainless steel implants as for the
      combination of Titanium and steel, while pure Titanium gave the best result.
      Atomic absorption tests (human) showed that in case of the Titanium/steel mixture
      only the stainless steel screws did corrode. Delayed fracture healing or
      mechanical instability always gave risk to more metal deposits in the soft tissue
      than primary bone healing. If the advantages of Titanium seem important and if
      the rigidity of stainless steel screws may not be missed, the combination of the
      two metals appears possible and without danger.

PMID- 1207268
TI  - [Use and limitations of acute normovolemic hemodilution].
AB  - Acute normovolemic hemodilution was performed in 46 pts. before major surgical
      procedures 1800 ml of pt's blood were withdrawn and hct. lowered to 24.8% mean.
      The hct. after retransfusion averaged 31.8% while homologous blood could widely
      be avoided. 78% of pts tolerated a.n.h. well or sufficiently. During a.n.h.
      circulatory parameters remained constant while CO rose from 4.4 to 6.1 1/min.
      Shortly after a.n.h., in 13 cases slight, in 10 cases, however, severe side
      reactions occurred: rise in BP, HR and PAP, peripheral vasoconstriction with
      decrease of peripheral blood flow, unproportional increase of CO and ST
      depression in ECG. As a reason of this centralisation reaction a sympathetic
      reaction and hypoxia are discussed.

PMID- 1207269
TI  - [Total blood exchange with circulatory arrest in deep hypothermia].
AB  - Total body wash out (hct less than 1%) with circulatory arrest of 30 to 60
      minutes in deep hypothermia (esoph.temp. at 14 degrees C) was performed in 17
      mongrel dogs by exchange against modified Ringer's Lactat-Solution. During
      rewarming the pump fluid was partly replaced by homologous packed red cells for
      readjustment of the hematocrit. After perfusion with a colloidfree perfusate all
      animals died under signs of massive interstitial edema. 8 out of 13 animals were
      long term survivors after exchange perfusion with colloid containing perfusate
      (dextran 60, 25 g/1). It has been demonstrated that a sanguineous circulatory
      arrest in deep hypothermia can be tolerated for 30 to 60 minutes if the formation
      of interstitial edema is prevented by use of an oncotically active perfusate.

PMID- 1207270
TI  - [Immunologic studies in patients with clinical human albumin incompatibility].
AB  - 17 cases of clinical incompatibility reactions due to human serum albumin were
      examined. The reactions consisted of tachycardia, fever, exanthema and
      hypotension. Regarding the onset of time, "early" and "late" reactions were
      distinguished. Pollution of the administered albumin batches as etiologic factor
      was excluded. The results of immunodiffusion, antigen elimination and skin tests
      suggest a pathogenetic influence of immunological reactions. The application of
      further purified albumin solutions might reduce the frequency of incompatibility
      reactions.

PMID- 1207271
TI  - [Determination of the size and concentration of microemboli in ACD-blood
      following varying storage periods of preserved blood].
AB  - A method for the determination of the frequency-distribution of emboli in banked
      blood has been described. A significant shift towards larger emboli in banked
      blood can only be demonstrated within the first 10 days of storage. The
      possibility of a disturbance of microcirculation of the lung may only be of a
      higher degree after massive blood transfusions as the concentration of emboli in
      banked blood is relatively low.

PMID- 1207272
TI  - [Value of physiological coagulation parameters in perioperative consumption
      coagulopathy using low heparin doses].
AB  - In the course of extensive operations there are disturbances of the turnover-rate
      because of the activation of the clotting-system. These may equally be
      demonstrated by simple reproducible and quick global tests as by methods which
      are expensive and reserved only to special laboratories. By consequent low dosis
      heparin-medication hypercoagulability-conditions and reactive hemorrhage
      complications are prevented and the hemostasis situation is significantly
      improved. No disturbance of the hemostasis by antithrombin-3-effect of the
      heparin-application in this dosage can be proved. The results of the examination
      including quality control and interpretation can be obtained in 30 minutes.

PMID- 1207273
TI  - [Prevention of thrombosis using acetylsalicylic acid following vascular
      prosthesis and endarterectomy].
AB  - In 20 dogs one common iliac artery was intimectomized, an equal segment of the
      other was replaced by a knitted dacron prosthesis. Ten animals were given
      Acetylsalicylic Acid 30 mg/kg BW/d. Four weeks later these arterial segments were
      examined grossly and histologically for the presence of thrombotic depositis. In
      the treated animals these segments always remained patent. Three of the untreated
      animals showed a complete thrombotic occlusion of the prosthesis. The amount of
      thrombotic deposits on intimectomized and prosthetics segments was clearly
      reduced in the treated animals.

PMID- 1207274
TI  - [Experimental demonstration of hemogenous growth of various collateral nets in
      chronic iliac av-fistulas].
AB  - A 2 cm long iliac av-fistula is established in 13 dogs. Flow and pressure
      measurements are performed in the distal fistula artery and the adjacent arteries
      before and immediately (stage I) as well as 3 months (stage II) and 6 to 12
      months (stage III) post shunt. The development of extensive collaterals adjacent
      to the chronic iliac av-fistula is demonstrated angiographically and by post
      mortem vascular casts. After occlusion of the proximal fistula artery a
      retrograde flow is directed towards the fistula even in the acute stage. This
      "free" retrograde flow increases from 70 ml/min to 1230 ml/min in stage II and
      1755 ml/min in stage III. Collaterals of the tail artery contribute approximately
      44%, of the contralateral iliac artery 20% and side branches of the abdominal
      aorta most of the remaining 36% of the retrograde arterial fistula flow.
      Successive occlusion of the tail artery and the contralateral iliac artery in
      stages II and III results in a nearly identical per cent decrease in "free"
      retrograde flow and in pressure. Even in the pre-fistula stage clamping of the
      iliac artery induces the same relative pressure-drop in the distal iliac artery.
      These findings indicate, that the three main collateral networks adjacent to the
      iliac artery all expand proportionally to their prefistula status in the 6 - 12
      months following construction of the iliac av-fistula.

PMID- 1207275
TI  - [Effect of arginine on insulin liberation during intra-abdominal operations].
AB  - During abdominal surgery the basal and glucose stimulated insulin secretion rate
      is reduced. An arginine-infusion of 0,5 g/kg over 30 minutes is able to stimulate
      the basal as well as the glucose stimulated insulin secretion under stress
      condition. A synergism between the effect of arginine and blood glucose
      concentration concerning the influence on insulin secretion can be proven. The
      results are important for the postoperative (posttraumatic) infusion therapy.

PMID- 1207276
TI  - Colonic dialysis.
AB  - It has been demonstrated using sheep that the colon is permeable to urea. Of nine
      sheep subjected to bilateral nephrectomy, six had an increased life span when
      dialysed via an isolated loop of colon compared to the other three used as
      controls. Further experiments were carried out on urea-loaded sheep and in sheep
      made chronically uraemic by an immunological technique which confirmed that urea
      could be dialysed across the colon at lower blood urea levels as well.

PMID- 1207277
TI  - [Blood-pressure behavior in rats following the diversion of renal-vein blood into
      the portal vein].
AB  - Experimental studies on 22 hypertonic rats which had previously one kidney
      removed show that the deviation of the renal vein blood into the portal vein
      through a cavorportal or splenoportal anastomosis does not result in a lowering
      of the experimentally induced renovascular hypertension. These anastomoses did
      not alter the blood pressure in 3 normotonic rats. The prophylactic use of these
      anastomoses could not prevent the development of experimental renal hypertension
      in 2 of 3 test animals.

PMID- 1207278
TI  - [Selective parathormone determination for localizing parathyroid tumors].
AB  - A method for localization of parathyroid tumors by selective venous blood
      sampling and measurement of parathyroid hormone is reported. The blood samples
      are taken after catheterization of the femoral vein from the veins of the neck
      and the thyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone levels are measured by
      radioimmunoassay. By this method localisation of 13 parathyroid adenomas in 15
      patients was achieved. Parathyroid venous sampling seems to be more effective
      than any other localisation method used.

PMID- 1207279
TI  - [Early recognition of relapse hazards following thyroidectomy using TSH serum
      level].
AB  - The determination of the serum level of TSH, the essential factor in
      goitrogenesis, was the best indicator in order to recognize imminent recurrence
      of goitre in strumectomized patients. The functional reserve of the hypothalamic
      pituitary system proved to be important: Elevation of basic TSH level and
      increase of TSH after stimulation with TRH was significantly higher in patients
      with recurrent goitre. We, therefore, recommend this test for the postoperative
      surveillance of patients after strumectomy.

PMID- 1207280
TI  - [Evaluation of reliable pituitary suppression therapy through varying thyroid
      hormone dosage following total thyroidectomy due to a differentiated thyroid
      carcinoma].
AB  - The reliability of pituitary suppression by administration of 1-thyroxin (t4) or
      a combination of thyroxin and triiodothyronin (t3) of variable dosage following
      radical surgery for thyroid cancer in 13 patients was investigated by means of
      TRH-test and measurement of serum hormone levels. In contrary to generally
      applied higher doses the results were able to demonstrate that 0.2 to 0.3 mg 1
      thyroxin is a sufficient dosage for a complete suppression of TSH-stimulation. In
      the presence of obviously more side effects the treatment with a combination of
      t4 and t3 is not of any advantage.

PMID- 1207281
TI  - [Effects of acupuncture and conventional anesthesia on hemodynamic changes and
      blood gas values in cardiac surgery].
AB  - The influence of Acupuncture-O2-N2O-Analgesie (group I) and of Neurolept
      Analgesia (group II) on the changes of blood flow and blood gases during cardiac
      operations in extracorporal circulation (EKZ) was investigated in two groups of
      55 patients. During EKZ constant arterial pressure between 60 - 70 mm Hg in both
      groups was maintained, and the amount of blood flow during the EKZ in group II
      was higher than in group I. A clinically significant difference of pH, PO2 and
      pCO2 of both groups could not be shown. At the end of the EKZ there was a rise in
      the level of blood-glucose, lactate and pyruvate in both groups.

PMID- 1207282
TI  - [Primary hyperparathyroidism (1st degree HPT): plasma vitamin D and urinary
      cyclic AMP during the postoperative phase].
AB  - In 30 controls and 30 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism 25-OH-vitamin D
      in serum and urinary cyclic AMP were determined by competitive protein binding
      assays. Removal of hyperplastic or adenomatous parathyroid glands resulted in
      hypocalcemia with 1. low urinary cyclic AMP in surgical hypoparathyreoidism 2.
      high urinary cyclic AMP in skeletal calcium deficiency, 3. high urinary cyclic
      AMP in 25-OH-vitamin D deficiency. In calcium or vitamin D deficiency, therapy
      with calcium or calcium and vitamin D corrected hypocalcemia and urinary cyclic
      AMP.

PMID- 1207283
TI  - The adrenergic response to cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - 12 out of 13 patients who underwent cardiac surgery requiring extracorporeal
      circulation survived the operation. Arterial and venous catecholamines were
      measured throughout the operation. Larges rises in catecholamine levels were not
      seen although significant changes did occur in arteriovenous differences and also
      between samples at certain points in the operation. These facts do not agree with
      Lillehei's findings (3) and may reflect improvements in surgical technique,
      anaesthesia and the reduced time on bypass. However the lack of an overall
      measurable adrenergic response in terms of plasma catecholamine levels does agree
      with similar findings after open heart surgery (4) and during other surgical
      procedures (5).

PMID- 1207285
TI  - [Effect of a decrease in viscosity on myocardial blood flow and function in
      myocardial infarct].
AB  - In 5 dogs the effect of a decrease in blood viscosity on myocardial blood flow
      (radioactive microspheres) and left ventricular function (Sarnoff curves)
      following ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was tested.
      Moderate anaemia produced a significant increase in coronary blood flow to the
      total left ventricle (+ 100%) and to the ischemic area (+ 400%). Depressed left
      ventricular function after coronary ligation alone was restored when blood
      viscosity was lowered only slightly. Severe anaemia further increased coronary
      blood flow but left ventricular function worsened.

PMID- 1207284
TI  - [Enzyme levels and morphological picture of normal and cirrhotic rat livers
      following portal vein ligation and subcutaneous transposition of the spleen].
AB  - The effect of portal vein ligation after subcutaneous transposition of the spleen
      is investigated on enzyme-activities. and morphological pattern of the normal and
      cirrhotic rat-liver. The increase of glycolytic enzyme-activities and the
      decrease of enzyme-activities of oxidative metabolic pathways can be explained by
      adaptation on throttled blood supply of the liver. Significant decrease of
      arginase-activity (urea-cycle) can not be explained by reduced protein content of
      food (pair-fed-animals). Diminished substrate (ammonia)-level (NH3/t/hepatocytes)
      may be an explanation. Histological pattern of normal and cirrhotic rat liver is
      nearly unchanged after portal vein ligation.

PMID- 1207286
TI  - [Ventricular function following reinforcement of the mitral ostium].
AB  - After implantation of a metal ring into the mitral position the ventricular
      function seems to be slightly impaired in the early postoperative phase. 6 months
      after operation, however, ventricular function is unchanged which excludes a
      significant hemodynamic influence of mitral valve stiffening.

PMID- 1207287
TI  - Early clinical experiences with a heart assist device.
AB  - A method of left heart (left atrium-aorta) support after open heart surgery is
      described. Thoracic reentry is not required when support is terminated. The
      system has been employed in 10 patients, 4 of whom are long-term survivors.

PMID- 1207288
TI  - [Effect of temperature on heart preservation over 24 hours].
AB  - By heart preservation about 24 hours in hypothermia series A at 40 degrees C was
      compared to series B at 10 degrees C. The preservation was only possible at 10
      degrees C. These hearts normally regained a good myocardial performance by
      allogenic perfusion.

PMID- 1207289
TI  - [Proceedings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie, 92d session, May 7-10,
      1975, Munich, West Germany].

PMID- 1207290
TI  - [Chemotherapy of cancer: the present status (author's transl)].
AB  - Especially in the treatment of solid tumors, chemotherapy with single agents has
      so far not been very successful. The principles and results of polychemotherapy
      are therefore discussed. The experimental and clinical data available suggest
      that there is no correlation between the number of substances combined and the
      therapeutic effects. The results of "blind" polychemotherapy are compared with
      the author's and coworkers own experimental and clinical results with partial
      synchronization of the tumor cells. If possible the tumor-cell kinetics are
      determined by a double-labeling method devised by Hilscher and Maurer. In both
      the experimental field (literature and our group's own examinations) and in
      clinical experience (still limited), partial synchronization has proved clearly
      superior to "blind" polychemotherapy.

PMID- 1207291
TI  - [Oncobiograms and cancer chemotherapy: Hope or reality? (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of animal experiments it is shown that the results of tumor
      chemotherapy can be predicted with the aid of in-vitro test systems. In
      investigations carried out on human tumors, the correlations obtained between in
      vitro test results and response to therapy are promising. However, definitive
      proof of a correlation can only be provided by planned, statistically supported
      clinical studies. Two types of information can already be obtained from the in
      vitro tests: data concerning the rate of proliferation of the tumor, on which the
      activity of cytostatic agents depends, and data on certain types of resistance to
      cytostatics.

PMID- 1207293
TI  - [Round-table discussion on the principles of cancer therapy].

PMID- 1207292
TI  - [Cell cycle and carcinochemotherapy: reality or hope? (author's transl)].
AB  - Different cytostatics interrupt the biochemical dynamics of tumor cells at
      different stages of the generation cycle, according to their mode of action. As a
      result of an additive or potentiated increase in efficiency, the therapeutic
      effect of each substrance can be improved by the use of suitable combinations in
      treating the treatment of carcinoma of the breast, carcinoma of the ovary,
      seminoma and other progressively swelling tumors. The difficulty in defining and
      interpreting quantitative parameters of concerous growths prevents the wider use
      of cytostatics.

PMID- 1207295
TI  - [Epidemiology and clinical aspects of atherosclerosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Prospective epidemiologic studies have uniformly demonstrated that a high plasma
      cholesterol level is indicative of an increased risk of myocardial infarction.
      Beside elevated serum cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, obesity, and
      stress have been correlated with an elevated incidence of atherosclerosis. At the
      Medical Department in Heidelberg it was demonstrated that four weeks after
      myocardial infarction (MI) only 59 percent of 753 men and 53 percent of 348 women
      were still alive, and that smoking cigarettes leads to early MI. Nonsmokers had
      their first MI at 63 years, cigarette smokers at the age of 53. These results
      stress the importance of early detection of the above-mentioned risk factors.

PMID- 1207294
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis: morbid anatomy (author's transl)].
AB  - Pathology is a variant of physiology with obstacles. No arterial wall is
      absolutely impermeable. The basic form of arteriosclerosis results from a
      disturbance of the lifelong flow of humors ab intima in adventitiam et ex centro
      in peripheriam (author's "Perfusion theory"). Special forms develop from this
      basic form. Analysis of postmortem material with special reference to the so
      called risk factors allowed us to establish connections between some of these
      factors and arteriosclerosis, while some other connections, e.g. with smoking,
      were called in question. It is pointed out that prospective treatment of
      arteriosclerosis will begin only when the cluster of risk factors can be broken
      down.

PMID- 1207296
TI  - [Cerebrovascular insufficiency (author's transl)].
AB  - Cerebrovascular insufficiency arises from multiple causes, including
      cardiovascular insufficiency and local obstacles to the blood flow in the "four
      brain vessels". These obstacles are caused by primary thrombosis, by embolism, or
      by stenosing or ectatic arteriosclerosis. As there are anastomoses in the extra-
      and intracranial vessels, a collateral circulation can arise when hemodynamic
      conditions (blood pressure etc.) are adequate; this is also necessary for the
      preservation of these collaterals in later stages. Since particular hemodynamic
      conditions (terminal and watershed zones) have particular roles, different
      patterns of infarction can arise. Local obstacles to the blood flow can be
      subjected to vascular surgery as a preventive measure or even for vital
      conditions. The details of cerebral blood flow and brain viability have not
      become completely clear from the results of modern experimentation. The setting
      up of research institutes to concentrate on arteriosclerosis and ischemia in
      collaboration with clinical centers devoted to coronary and cerebral infarction
      seems to be very necessary.

PMID- 1207297
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis: efficiency of angiography (author's transl)].
AB  - Stenosis, occlusion, and aneurysmatic dilation are the principle angiographic
      signs in arteriosclerosis. Aorto-arteriography, either by direct puncture or
      indirectly via a catheter, permits visualization of all vascular sites of
      surgical interest, determination of the location and extent of the lesion, and
      evaluation of the function of the collateral system as well as the inflow and
      outflow. This stresses the extreme importance of angiography in preoperative
      planning and postoperative documentation of successful therapy.

PMID- 1207298
TI  - [Arteriosclerosis: a challenge for the surgeon. Prevention and postoperative care
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A review of the possibilities for primary and secondary prevention of
      arteriosclerosis is followed by a critical analysis of long-term therapy with
      anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors with regard to the prevention
      of occlusive vascular disease (with a review of the pertinent retrospective and
      prospective studies).

PMID- 1207299
TI  - [Vascular surgery and patient stress tolerance with reference to anesthesia
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper lists the factors that affect the stress tolerance of patients
      undergoing surgery. Hypertonicity is observed in 64 percent of these patients,
      and signs of depleted coronany supply in 82.5 percent. The stress tolerance can
      be tested before surgery by means of gas analyses and determination of the minute
      volume and the pulmonary arterial pressure. During surgery, circulatory crises
      occur due to occlusion and release of large arterial branches. The anesthetic
      technique must be selected with due consideration of the increased risk. After
      surgery the oxygen consumption is increased, which lays heavier demands on the
      myocardial performance.

PMID- 1207300
TI  - [Results of reconstructive vascular surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - This report is based on experiences with reconstructive vascular surgery for
      obliterative and aneurysmal vascular diseases in 5245 patients of the Surgical
      University Hospitals in Cologne and Munich during the last 15 years. An analysis
      of early and late results is given to illustrate the presnet standard of
      operative possibilities, but also their limitations in vascular diseases. This
      approach is used to give both vascular and general surgeons practical hints on
      procedure.

PMID- 1207301
TI  - [Round-table discussion on arteriosclerosis as a surgical challenge].

PMID- 1207302
TI  - [Carcinoma of the pancreas: pathologic anatomy (author's transl)].
AB  - Carcinoma of the pancreas is seen in 1.2 percent of autopsies. Often it is not
      possible to determine definitely: whether it is a carcinoma of the head of the
      pancreas, of the papilla, or of the distal part of the common bile duct
      (periampullary carcinoma). 90 percent of these carcinomas arise in the small
      ducts. They cannot be recognized by ERCP until spreading into the main duct has
      occurred. Differential diagnosis is concerned mainly with differentiating between
      chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis and
      carcinoma of pancreas are not mutually exclusive; on the contrary they are
      closely related in diagnosis and pathogenesis. There can be no carcinoma of the
      pancreas without pancreatitis. For an accurate diagnosis which is vital, a
      diagnostic laparotomy should be performed at an early stage.

PMID- 1207303
TI  - [Carcinoma of the pancreas: conventional roentgenologic procedures (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Hypotonic duodenography has opened up new dimensions in the diagnosis of space
      occupying lesions of the head of the pancreas. The procedure with out intubation
      has become routine over the last few years. Differentiation between severe
      alterations caused by chronic relapsing pancreatitis and those caused by a
      carcinoma of the pancreas is only seldom possible, whereas inflammatory swellings
      and tumors of Vater's Papilla are easily recognized. Endoscopy is necessary for
      confirmation of the diagnosis. When jaundice is already present, transhepatic
      cholangiography can yield more information; in the pre-icteric phase intravenous
      cholangiography can also be useful. More complicated diagnostic procedures should
      not be applied until all conventional roentgenologic methods have been exhausted.

PMID- 1207304
TI  - [Carcinoma of the pancreas: angiographic diagnosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Morphologic changes seen in angiographs and ductographs (endoscopic retrograde
      pancreaticographs) in the presence of carcinoma of the pancreas are described.
      The average diagnostic accuracy of angiography is currently 75 to 95 percent,
      while that of endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography is 90 to 95 percent. The
      combination of both methods increases the accuracy. The main problem with
      pancreatic carcinoma now is not early diagnosis, while is now possible, but early
      examination of the patient.

PMID- 1207305
TI  - [Nuclear medical diagnostic--pancreatic carcinoma (author's transl)].
AB  - Of the procedures available for diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma, particular
      significance can be attributed to scintigraphy. The method is based upon the
      accumulation of a labeled amino acid in the glandular tissue. The scanning
      technique delineates functionable tissue. The diagnosis of carcinoma of the
      pancreas cannot be deduced from the scintigraphic picture alone, however, because
      functional deficiency of a different origin could result in the same picture. In
      these cases, carefully planned exploratory surgery  is indicated. The limited
      expense in terms of time and personnel and the modest stress to the patient make
      pancreatic scintigraphy a method that can reasonably-together with internal
      procedures-be applied right at the beginning of the process of diagnosis.

PMID- 1207306
TI  - [Round-table discussion on pancreatic carcinoma].

PMID- 1207307
TI  - [Semimalignant bone tumors (author's transl)].
AB  - Semimalignant bone tumors are characterized by local destructive and invasive
      growth and the tendency to recur. Haematogenous metastases are exceptional or a
      late manifestaion. Typical examples of semimalignancy are giant-cell tumors,
      large chondromas of the pelvis, and recurrent chondromas in any location. The
      treatments of choice are resection or amputaion.

PMID- 1207308
TI  - [Proceedings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie. 92d session May 7-10,
      1975. Opening address of the president].

PMID- 1207309
TI  - [The central bone tumor registry for the Federal Republic of Germany (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Among malignant tumors, bone tumors present a particularly acute problem. Bone
      tumors frequently occur in childhood; their etiology is completely obscure; early
      detection is still hardly possible, and the chances of success therefore leave
      much to be desired. A registry for bone tumors is being built up in the German
      Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, which is to collect epidemiological data on
      all malignant and semimalignant primary bone tumors occurring in the Federal
      Republic. The lecturer gives an introduction to the registry and requests the
      cooperation of German surgeons in reporting pertinent cases.

PMID- 1207310
TI  - [Surgical procedures in cleft-palate patients, with reference to phonetic
      function: primary and secondary methods (author's transl)].
AB  - Surgeons undertaking the closure of cleft lip and cleft palate must develop a
      therapeutic technique that will give the best possible phonetic results and cause
      the minimum disturbance to normal growth of the maxillae in each case. Clinical
      observations reveal that different operative procedures achieve normal phonetic
      function in 60-80 percent of cases. The author has observed the best results when
      patients have been operated on for cleft lips at 4-6 months of age and for cleft
      palate at 2-3 years. If nasal speech persists after a cleft-palate operation, a
      secondary pharyngoplasty can be undertaken in the preschool period, with
      favorable results in about 70 percent of cases.

PMID- 1207311
TI  - [Restoration of grip by means of repair of the injured peripheral nerve and/or
      muscle-tendon transfer (author's transl)].
AB  - Muscle or tendon transfers are indicated after lesions of peripheral nerves if
      regeneration does not occur or remains incomplete after nerve repair or if the
      paralyzed muscles themselves are damaged. In long-standing cases the authors try
      nerve repair to attain adequate sensitivity, and perform the tendon transfer
      independently. The different techniques are discussed; transfer of the brachialis
      muscle to replace deficient flexor muscles is described and nerve-into-muscle
      implantation is mentioned.

PMID- 1207312
TI  - [Reconstruction and Replacement of the grip function in the maimed hand (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The minimum requirement for a functional hand is the presence of one or more
      fingers to which a sensitive, mobile thumb separated from them by a deep cleft
      can be opposed. Of the reconstructive techniques available for the hand, those
      for the thumb are the most numerous, and they are usually applied at a secondary
      operation. Reconstruction can only be performed at primary surgery if the state
      of the hand and the resources available in terms of surgical facilities and
      personnel are ideal, which is of the bony structure as possible, to be used as a
      base for reconstruction later.

PMID- 1207313
TI  - [Priniciples of reconstructive surgery of the rheumatic hand (author's transl)].
AB  - Rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthropathy, and
      ankylosing spondylitis very often cause deformities of the hand. Especially
      during the early stages of these diseases, synovectomy of joints and tendons is
      indicated; destructive and degenerative lesions can be limited in this way. If
      they are already present, in most cases only reconstructive operations such as
      arthrodesis, resection, interposition arthroplasty, articial joint replacement,
      tendon transfer etc. can improve the impaired function.

PMID- 1207314
TI  - [Practical tasks in cancer research (author's transl)].
AB  - Particularly urgent tasks for practical cancer research are pointed out: (1)
      recognition of the multidisciplinary character of oncology, (2) placement of the
      cancer patient more than before in the focus of research, (3) the use of modern
      methods of genetics to specify the definition of a "disposition", (4) the
      intensification of investigations into the field of chemical carcinogenesis,
      since prevention of cancer diseases seems most likely in this sector, and (5)
      elaboration of practical experimental models for the study of chemotherapeutic
      possibilities

PMID- 1207315
TI  - [Gynecological remarks on the problem of the artificial vagina (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Accurate differentiation of the pathologic state must precede surgical
      construction of an artificial vagina. Moreover, it is necessary to know whether a
      uterus is present and whether the psychosexual development of the patient is
      female. Differential diagnosis is concerned with various forms of intersexuality,
      especially aplasia and atresia of the vagina. Relevant cases are reported. The
      author prefers the McIndoe operation, because of its low risk. If the patient has
      a uterus (i.e. women with AGS with complete masculinization or women with atresia
      of the vagina) more effective operations should be done, as intercourse and
      conception are possible after surgery in these women.

PMID- 1207316
TI  - [Surgery of hypospadias (author's transl)].
AB  - The formation of an opening on the lower side of the masculine urethra is a
      developmental malformation. It is never combined with incontinence of the
      bladder. Difficulties with micturition and erection are due to a usually
      stenotically misdirected external orifice of the urethra, with a shortened
      urethra and nonelastic chorda, a remnant of the undeveloped corpus spongiosum
      urethra. For surgical correction (construction of a sufficiently long urethra and
      adequate skin extensibility) several operations are necessary, which are
      discussed. The most frequent complications are fistulas and problems in the wound
      healing process (in approximately 30 percent of cases).

PMID- 1207317
TI  - [An assessment of the functional results of various forms of surgery for
      epispadias and exstrophy (author's transl)].
AB  - Urinary continence can be achieved by total reconstruction in perhaps 20 percent
      of patients born with exstrophy of the bladder. Uretero-rectal anastomosis offers
      a reasonalbe alternative but carries a high morbidity. Cutaneous diversion is the
      safest form of long-term management, but this involves the life-long penalty of a
      stoma and the need for appliances. Conservative reconstructive surgery is
      advocated in the first instance, but repeated surgical procedures may be
      necessary for a successful result.

PMID- 1207319
TI  - [Round-table discussion on plastic and reconstructive surgery servicing function.
      Sexual function, urninary and fecal incontinence].

PMID- 1207318
TI  - [Gracilis-muscle transplant for the treatment of fecal incontinence (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Between 1962 and 1974, 40 children were treated by transplantation of the
      gracilis muscle. Clinical and electromyographic follow-up studies were performed
      on 37 children. Results were good in 12 cases, satisfactory in 11 cases, and poor
      in 14. Children with myelomeningocele showed the poorest results. Four girls with
      ano-vestibular fistula were treated by a modified method of operation. Because of
      the special anatomic situation, the gracilis muscle was positioned around the
      dorsal rectum in a semicircle only and then fixed to the os pubis under high
      tension. Results were good in 3 cases and satisfactory in 1 case.

PMID- 1207321
TI  - [Local traumatic injury of the soft tissue and internal fixation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The influence of local traumatic injury of the soft tissue on the decision as to
      whether surgical therapy is indicated and on the method of internal fixation
      selected for a fresh, closed fracture is discussed. General descriptions of
      injuries to the soft tissue are followed by a critical discussion of the
      possibilities of closed and open methods of internal fixation with some examples.

PMID- 1207320
TI  - [Soft-tissue damage caused by fracture (author's transl)].
AB  - Bone fractures are combined with damage to the soft tissue, which consists in
      swelling, contusion and open injury. Depending on the degree of the traumatic
      deformation on the bones, there are large avasculated zones, and hypoxia and
      acidosis are found in the whole of the injured region. This is followed by a
      catabolic situation that continues-according to the degree of the injury-for at
      least 72 hrs. The treatment regime is affected by this as it determines the point
      at which surgery can be undertaken, the treatment of open wounds, access to the
      fracture, the method of stabilization, and the follow-up treatment.

PMID- 1207322
TI  - [Bone fracture and vascular lesion (author's transl)].
AB  - Combined lesions of bone and blood vessels require a high degree of diagnostic
      skill and of therapeutic care (routine clinical examination of the vascular
      status and if necessary angiography). From a therapeutic point of view, all major
      vascular lesions proximal to the knee or elbow should have vascular continuity
      restored (artery and vein). Primary internal fixation of shortened long bones is
      an important technical principle which, in most cases, will allow direct vascular
      suture in a stable operating field.

PMID- 1207323
TI  - [Internal fixation with soft-tissue lesions: fracture with nerve damage (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Typical nerve damage after fractures due to the topographical proximity of the
      nerves to the bones, are shown and therapeutic principles are discussed. Primary
      traumatic lesions are differentiated from so-called "creeping paralysis". The
      methods of choice are neurolyses, nerve suture or transplantation, each at the
      appropriate time. Evaluation of 83 of the 128 Patients undergoing microsurgical
      operations on the nerves in recent years is presented after re-exmination by
      independent neurologists. One-third showed definite signs of regeneration, more
      than one-third had good functional results, and poor results were recarded for 25
      percent of the patients.

PMID- 1207324
TI  - [Disturbances of venous flow (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. Local rupture of the veins by fracture. Compression and local spiral thrombi.
      2. Failure of the venous pump at the ankle joint due to immobilization. 3.
      Failure of the pump in the calf muscles, leading to propagation of thrombi in the
      venae gastrocnemiae and in the veins of the soleus muscle, frequently with
      varicosity. 4. In 22 percent of left-sided fractures a venous spur is found in
      the left V. iliaca com.; increased likelihood of thrombosis in left leg in case
      of stasis due to immobilization.

PMID- 1207325
TI  - [Intramedullary fixation of fragments in soft-tissue injuries (author's transl)].
AB  - In cases of open fractures, careful reconstruction of the soft tissue and stable
      internal fixation are generally regarded as the best means of preventing
      infection. With this in mind, some of the author's own cases of open fractures of
      the upper and lower leg-stabilized either with conventional intramedullary nails
      or with interlocking nails-are demonstrated. The infection rate in the especially
      vulnerable open fracture of the tibia was 7.89 percent.

PMID- 1207326
TI  - [Compression osteosynthesis with soft-tissue damage (author's transl)].
AB  - The advisability of open reduction with internal fixation by means of compression
      plates, screws, or tension band is dependant upon the localization and type of
      fracture, the kind and extent of soft-tissue damage, and also the time factor.
      Fractures in the vicinity of joints and intra-articular fracture dislocations are
      practically absolute indications. Its application is less frequent when the
      metaphysis is involved, except in the case of the forearm. Caution is suggested
      in the presence of chronic soft-tissue damage subsequent to peripheral
      circulatory disorders.

PMID- 1207327
TI  - [Fixateurs externes for fractures combined with damage to the soft tissue
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The indications for external fixation with fixateurs externes are discussed and
      some important technical and biomechanical aspects are reviewed. The three
      dimensional fixateur externe is recommended on the basis of clinical experimental
      research. Stability can be obtained with this even when bone defects and short
      metaphyseal fragments are present. The results observed after the treatment of
      aseptic and infected pseudarthroses of the tibia are shown in tabular form.

PMID- 1207329
TI  - [Internal fixation in the presence of soft-tissue damage in childhood (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Internal fixation is considered for the treatment of 10 percent at most of all
      fractures that occur in childhood. Only minimal fixation should be applied, to
      avoid the induction of an epiphyseal lesion in addition to the original fracture.
      Internal fixation allowing stability during weight-bearing or exercise
      immediately is not necessary in a child. Concomitant soft-tissue damage hardly
      affects internal fixation in childhood, except in the case of unstable reduction
      when there is extensive soft-tissue damage.

PMID- 1207328
TI  - [Osteosynthesis in the presence of soft-tissue lesions: delayed internal fixation
      and indications for conservative treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - When there are concomitant soft-tissue lesions with closed fractures, delayed
      osteosynthesis is indicated to prevent infection. Nonetheless, primary
      osteosynthesis is rarely necessary. In the case of open fractures, internal
      fixation should only be performed when bone and the materials used for fixation
      can be covered with tissues that are well supplied with blood. In case of doubt
      the surgeon can rely on the fact that most fractures can be effectively treated
      by conservative methods, and it is wise in such cases to forego the advantages of
      osteosynthesis and avoid the risks involved.

PMID- 1207330
TI  - [Round-table discussion on osteosynthesis in soft tissue injuries].

PMID- 1207332
TI  - [Surgical textiles-material, methods, effects (author's transl)].
AB  - Wound textiles suitable for placing immediately over a wound and materials for
      securing them in position are discussed. Wound texiles have a curative function
      (blotting-paper effect, antigravitation effect). Conditions for their use are
      three-dimensional capillary drainage, plane compression, and nonstick and cooling
      properties. Cellulose fibers absorb moisture in all three dimensions, while
      synthetic fibers transport moisture around their strands in a two-dimensional
      course. The nonstick properties are achieved by means of overtwisted threads in
      the warp (tunnel effect) in woven fabrics, and in nonwoven fabrics (when moisture
      is produced) by combination with overstretched cellulose, producing corrugations,
      or (for drying) by the uneven incorporation of overtwisted fibers into the
      fabric, which produces a ventilating effect. The nonstick properties always
      become obvious when the dressings are moistened.

PMID- 1207331
TI  - [Medical guidance of the cancer patient (author's transl)].
AB  - Cancer is a diseased state, but it is not incurable. Indications and methods of
      therapy have been standardized almost internationally. Early diagnosis leads to
      better rates of cure. Cancer presents as an individually characterized
      multiplicity of symptoms of the disease. Individualization is the real art of
      medicine. Truthful information, adjusted to the individual patient in each case,
      should be given at the right time. There should be no rush to make early
      statements of prognosis, especially statements of hopeless despair. No physician
      has the right to prolong the supravital and subhuman stage of dying. Absolute
      dominance of the physical time factor over the specifically human qualities and
      the patient's own individuality is not justified. The legal situation with regard
      to the gray area of passive euthanasia should be more clearly defined.

PMID- 1207334
TI  - [Rescue service: initial measures on the spot and in hospital (author's transl)].
AB  - Improvement of any rescue service is inextricably bound up with the provision of
      optimal conditions with regard to first aid at the site of the accident,
      transport and immediate care in hospital. Only properly trained and experienced
      doctors are able to take appropriate life-saving action on the spot. Therefore
      ane should aim at getting the doctor to the site of the accident by helicopter or
      by ambulance as fast as possible. After immediate life-saving action has been
      taken, the various injuries should also be provisionally attended to as well as
      possible. The entire scope of these problems was discussed at the refresher
      course.

PMID- 1207333
TI  - [Replantation of amputated extremities (author's transl)].
AB  - After some short remarks about the organization of microsurgery in Australia, the
      microsurgical technique of retransplantation of dissected extremities and the
      conservation methods are described in detail. In 175 out of 208 cases,
      retransplantation of extremities was successful, i.e. certain functions were
      reestablished. Results were better in children than in adults. The most important
      factors in successful treatment are the conservation methods, skilled technique,
      and postoperative care, which may last up to 1 year. One retransplantaion center
      with 4 experienced surgeons per 5,000,000 population seems to be mandatory.

PMID- 1207335
TI  - [Vagotomy (author's transl)].
AB  - The course reviews the present status in the field of Vagotomy with reference to
      pathophysiology, gastrin release, anatomy, neural changes in the antrum, acid
      secretion, GI hormones, gastric motility, pepsin concentration, mucus production,
      O2 tension in the gastric mucosa, changes in the numbers of parietal cells,
      glucose tolerance, indications, diagnosis, necessity for drainage, acute
      complications, exclusion of malignancy in gastric ulcer; technique,
      intraoperative tests, results with TV, SV with antrectomy, recurrences, SPV and
      pyroplasty (controlled study), training. Nonresecting surgery of GDU is possible
      if vagotomy (SPV) and drainage (pyloroplasty) are correctly combined.

PMID- 1207336
TI  - [Primary and secondary varicosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1207337
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of the surgical treatment of cancer (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Human cancer is a worldwide problem. In most cases of cancer of an organ the best
      method of treatment is complete excision. Therefore the late results are
      dependent on the stage of the tumor at the time of operation. The most efficient
      weapon against cancer is early diagnosis. Progress in the development of
      diagnostic techniques sounds optimistic. The clinical results are still
      disappointing in relation to the cure rates. The first symptoms that lead the
      patient to consult the doctor are often already late symptoms. Progress can only
      be expected in the area of prophylactic screening for cancer.

PMID- 1207338
TI  - [Legal problems in the treatment of cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - According to the principles developed by the legislature, the treatment of cancer
      requires particularly careful diagnosis. The principle of free choise of methods
      is accepted in the treatment of cancer; in many cases, however, surgery plus
      irradiation must be regarded as the method generally accepted as the most
      effective, of which the doctor regularly has to avail himself. Revelation of the
      diagnosis involves particular problems. If telling the patient of the diagnosis
      likely to have a deleterious effect on the results of treatment, the type and
      extent of information given to the patient must be left to the discretion of the
      doctor.

PMID- 1207339
TI  - [Evaluation of therapeutic success in cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - The development of generally valid rules for the treatment of cancer obviously
      requires the comparison of different forms of treatment and their results. The
      basis for these comparisons is a reliably reproducible and sufficiently detailed
      internationally applicable classification scheme for the characterization of
      tumors affecting different organs and their extent on the basis of objective
      findings. The TNM system proposed by UICC is the only one answering all these
      demands. It ought to become universally accepted and be the only system used.

PMID- 1207340
TI  - [Anastomoses of the urinary tract for treatment of duplicated ureters (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Anastomoses between the kidney pelves or the ureters are excellent operative
      procedures to correct duplications of the urinary tract in distinct cases.
      Heminephrectomy may be avoided, when only one of the ureters is affected and the
      parenchyma of both portions of the kidney is intact. Indications are megalureter,
      recurrent refluxes, ureteroceles and ectopic ureteral orifice. The operative
      technic used in 13 cases is described. Advantages and disadvantages are
      discussed.

PMID- 1207341
TI  - [The penetrating duodenal ulcer. Operative technique and postoperative
      complications (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of 133 gastric resections for penetrating duodenal ulcer are
      reported. Because of the postoperative complications (acute hemorrhagic
      pancreatitis, duodenal stump insufficiency, icterus and intraluminal
      postoperative bleeding) in future only the atypical closure of the duodenal stump
      according to the method of Nissen-Bsteh should be carried out. A bleeding ulcer
      should be operated within 48 hrs. If the bleeding needs more than 2500 ml blood
      substitute, this means a indication for a immediate operation.

PMID- 1207342
TI  - [Problems of the one- or two-stage operations of carcinoma on the left part of
      the colon (author's transl)].
AB  - 260 radically operations of carcinoma of the colon were carried out from 1963
      1972; 163 of these operations have been done on the left part of the colon. The
      results of the one- and two-stage procedures were compared with the related
      literature. 46.5 per cent of the resected lymphnodes were affected by carcinoma.
      An expanded resection was done in 24 cases complicated with tumour perforation in
      adjacent organs. Among 147 one-stage left-side resections 20 insufficiencies of
      the anastomoses (13.5 per cent) were observed. To protect the anastomoses in 8
      cases a coecal fistula and in 4 cases a fistula of the transverse colon were
      performed. There was no insufficiency of the anastomose. In 4 cases of two-stage
      precedures insufficiencies of the anastomose were found at the extraperitoneal
      replaced anus. The mortality was found to be 11.6 per cent. Peritonitis occurred
      in 18 cases: after 6 right sited and 12 left sited resections.

PMID- 1207343
TI  - [Differentialdiagnosis and surgical treatment of the familial intestinal
      polyposis (author's transl)].
AB  - Between 1959 and 1974 we observed 18 patients with familial intestinal polyposis.
      4 patients were from one family. Two brothers refused the operation and died 7
      respectively 8 years after diagnosis had been made. The typical symptoms, the
      diagnostic procedure and the therapy are demonstrated. We prefer the
      proctocolectomy (eventually with the "Kock-Ileostoma"), because we observed a lot
      of recidivs after ileorectostomy. The prognosis of the familial intestinal
      polyposis is good, if the operation is performed early (also in cases of
      carcinomatosis). Only those patients died, who rejected the operation or were
      operated too late.

PMID- 1207344
TI  - [Juvenile bone cysts and giant cell tumors (author's transl)].
AB  - The attempt is made to demonstrate clinical, radiographical, morphological
      differences between juvenile bone cyst and giant cell tumor as shown in the
      patients of the Surgical Department of the University of Dusseldorf and
      literature. It is possible to derive inferences in differential diagnosis from
      the age of the patient, clinical course and statistically most frequent
      locations. Radiographically the bone cyst distinguishes itself by its central
      localisation in the metaphysis, where as the giant cell tumor has an excentric
      position in the epiphysis with a tendency of extending into the metaphysis. Giant
      cells occur in both diseases. While the bone cyst is an tumor-like lesion, the
      giant cell tumor is a real neoplasia. The therapeutical procedure varies
      according to different prognostical significance of the two diseases. Therefore,
      it is necessary to draw an exact line of demarcation between the comparetively
      harmless juvenile bone cyst and the semimalign giant cell tumor.

PMID- 1207345
TI  - [Clinical indications for pacemaker exchange and functional studies of the
      explanted aggregates (author's transl)].
AB  - For the purpose of examining the clinical exchange indication 96 removed Demand
      pacemakers (type Medtronic 5842, 5843, 5942, 5943) had been sujected to a
      functional test by the manufacturers. After a service-life from 31-45 months 71%
      (i.e. 42 out of 59 units) and, in the group with a service-life from 31-35
      months, 66% (i.e. 33 out of 51 units) of pacemaker units removed at that time
      were still working regularly. The mean energy loss exceeded 70% with a
      simultaneous mean drop of the output voltage down to 2.5 Volts. After the 25th
      month of the implantation date the number of battery failure increased
      spasmodically. Under the suspicion diagnosis of "battery exhaustion" a
      prophylactic "selective" exchange operation of the pace-maker units implied does
      not appear justifiable to us but in cases with stable AV-Block III. Providing
      reliable supervision of patients with sufficient self-rhythm, the exchange may be
      delayed up to about the 40th month after the implantation.

PMID- 1207346
TI  - Epidermoids involving the temporal bone: clinical, radiological and pathological
      aspects.
AB  - Epidermoids or congenital cholesteatomas arise from aberrant epithelial remnants
      and are, therefore, considerd blastomatous malformations. Their predilective
      sites are the intracranial cavity, the diploe of the skull and the spinal canal.
      In the base of the skull the temporal bone is the most frequent site. Epidermoids
      account for about 0.2-1.5 percent of all intracranial tumors. The majority
      originate in the cerebello-pontine angle where they account for 6-7 percent of
      all tumors. Their age incidence reveals a great scatter from birth to 80 years.
      The majority are recognized during the third and fourth decades with the onset of
      clinical symptoms occurring much earlier. They affect males more frequently than
      females. Their delicate capsule with a whitish mother-of-pearl sheen lends them a
      typical appearance. Epidermoids are generally slow growing lesions which may
      remain asymptomatic for years. The irritative effect of their content, however,
      can produce symptoms of dysfunction and intense inflammation. Malignant changes
      occur infrequently. Diploic epidermoids are easily recognized, whereas,
      intradural epidermoids are more difficult to identify. Epidermoids may arise in
      the vicinity, on the outer aspect or within the temporal bone. Epidermoids
      originating in any of these locations have certain characteristic features which
      may arouse suspicion of their presence. Examples of an epidermoid with origin in
      the typical locations within the temporal bone and cerebello-pontine angle are
      discussed to portray their individual characteristics.

PMID- 1207347
TI  - [Histologic patterns of liver damage in chronic poisoning from tri-ortho-cresyl
      phosphate (author's transl)].
AB  - Six subjects, affected with TOCP polyneuritis, were submitted to liver biopsy by
      means of Menghini's technique. By means of both optic and electron microscopy,
      histologic and ultrastructural findings of liver damage were evaluated, whose
      genesis is believed to be due to the toxic effect of TOCP. The hepatocytes showed
      changes, mainly represented by cloud-vacuolar swelling of the cytoplasm, with
      abnormalities of nuclear membrane and lipofuscin pigment accumulation. The above
      mentioned patterns were found in all the examined needle biopsies, which possibly
      account for their toxic nature.

PMID- 1207348
TI  - [Functional conditions of the respiratory system and work site pollution. II.
      Prevalence of respiratory function changes in workers employed in bichromate and
      chromic acid production (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report the prevalence of respiratory function changes in two groups
      of workers employed in bichromate and chromic acid production. In the first group
      (82 subjects) examined at the Institute of Occupational Medicine, the following
      tests were performed: filling out of a questionnaire for cronic bronchitis; chest
      x-ray; spirometry; pulmonary diffusing capacity (DLco) measurement; blood gas
      analysis on arteriolized capillary; He and CO2 rapid expiratory curves
      determination. No environmental pollution data were available. In the second
      group (180 subjects) examined at the working site, the following tests were
      performed: filling out of a questionnaire -or chronic bronchitis; spirometric
      determination. Environmental pollution data were available. A causal connection
      is hypothesized by the authors between either roentgenologic or respiratory
      functional changes and chromium exposure, and an increased proportion between
      lung function changes and exposure length is stressed.

PMID- 1207349
TI  - Chromosome changes induced by ionizing radiations. Case reports (author's
      transl).
AB  - The authors, after a short review of the literature, report four cases of acute
      accidental irradiation from Co60 exposure, however of slight degree. A
      cytogenetic study showed chromosome changes of unstable type only, which were
      also found in the case with 1,5 rem absorption.

PMID- 1207350
TI  - Case report--calcification of the ulnar nerve in leprosy.

PMID- 1207352
TI  - [Interesting case of treatment of undiagnosed anterior meningocele].

PMID- 1207351
TI  - [Intermittent melena during the course of carcinoid of the stomach].

PMID- 1207353
TI  - [Some aspects of organization of the health care in Sweden].

PMID- 1207354
TI  - [The diabetic hand].

PMID- 1207355
TI  - [Radioimmunological determination of serum triiodothyronine II. Valve in thyroid
      diseases].

PMID- 1207356
TI  - [Current aspects of acute infections non-tuberculous lung diseases in adults (250
      cases)].

PMID- 1207357
TI  - [Valve of the use of ultrasonics in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1207358
TI  - [Plasma copper and zinc levels in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1207359
TI  - [The antibiotics. Role of antibiotics in the prevention of infectious diseases].

PMID- 1207360
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy during the aplastic phases of acute leukemia].

PMID- 1207361
TI  - [Preventive antibiotic therapy in medical resuscitation].

PMID- 1207362
TI  - [Determination of blood salicylate levels in humans after intravenous and
      intramuscular administration of lysine acetylsalicylate].

PMID- 1207363
TI  - [Study of calcium metabolism by Ca47 during chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1207364
TI  - [Pharmokinetic study of methampicillin in normal subjects and those with chronic
      renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1207365
TI  - [Preliminary biochemical and histological study of mucocele fluid].

PMID- 1207366
TI  - [Colon changes during progressive attacks of chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1207367
TI  - [Large hepato-choledochus without obstruction].

PMID- 1207368
TI  - [Mallory-Weiss syndrome (apropos of 25 cases)].

PMID- 1207369
TI  - [Seminoma of the ovary. Clinical and therapeutic study of 15 cases].

PMID- 1207370
TI  - [Pseudotumoral breast hypertrophy in young girls].

PMID- 1207371
TI  - [Plasmacytic sarcoma of the sternum and parenchymatous nodules of the lung].

PMID- 1207372
TI  - [Urination problems and bicycling].

PMID- 1207374
TI  - Photoreactivation of potentially lethal, UV-induced damage to boreal toad (Bufo
      boreas boreas) tadpoles.

PMID- 1207373
TI  - Utilization of sodium-dependent high affinity choline uptake in vitro as a
      measure of the activity of cholinergic neurons in vivo.

PMID- 1207375
TI  - Hearing and communication in birds: the cocktail-party-effect in intraspecific
      communication of Agapornis roseicollis (aves, psittacidae).

PMID- 1207376
TI  - Acetaldehyde levels during ethanol oxidation: a diet-induced change and its
      relation to liver aldehyde dehydrogenases and redox states.

PMID- 1207377
TI  - Investigations into the hepatic metabolism of dimethylnitrosamine in the rat.

PMID- 1207378
TI  - A synthetic peptide with morphine-like pharmacologic action.

PMID- 1207379
TI  - Selective effect of a maize diet in reducing serum and brain tryptophan contents
      and blood and brain serotonin levels.

PMID- 1207380
TI  - Incorporation of (3H)-arachidonic acid into cattle retina lipids: high uptake in
      triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol.

PMID- 1207381
TI  - Uptake of glucose and orthophosphate by the american oyster.

PMID- 1207383
TI  - Clearance of prostaglandin F2ALPHA during circulatory shock.

PMID- 1207382
TI  - Autoradiographic localization of vitamin A in the adrenal gland of rats.

PMID- 1207384
TI  - The dopamine receptor: differential binding of d-LSD and related agents to
      agonist and antagonist states.

PMID- 1207386
TI  - The effect of scopolamine on the stimulus change phenomenon.

PMID- 1207385
TI  - A simple, versatile, nondisruptive method for the isolation of morphologically
      and chemically pure basement membranes from several tissues.

PMID- 1207387
TI  - The visual evoked magnetoencephalogram.

PMID- 1207388
TI  - What triggers seizures in the gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus?

PMID- 1207389
TI  - Sex pheromone of the potato tuberworm moth, Phthorimaea operculella.

PMID- 1207390
TI  - Diversion of ethanol metabolism by sulfhydryl amino acids. D-penicillamine
      directed excretion of 2,5,5-trimethyl-D-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in the
      urine of rats after ethanol administration.

PMID- 1207391
TI  - Distribution of liposome-entrapped cations in tumor-bearing mice.

PMID- 1207392
TI  - Acetylcholine synthesis in rat brain: dissimilar effects of clozapine and
      chlorpromazine.

PMID- 1207393
TI  - Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase: constancy of levels in normotensive adults and
      decreases with development of blood pressure elevation.

PMID- 1207394
TI  - dl-N-methyl-3-(o-methoxyphenoxy)-3-phenylpropylamine hydrochloride, Lilly 94939,
      a potent inhibitor for uptake of norepinephrine into rat brain synaptosomes and
      heart.

PMID- 1207395
TI  - Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern and total LDH activity in the lung and
      liver of rats chronically exposed to low and high oxygen concentrations.

PMID- 1207396
TI  - Inhibition of DNA replicative synthesis and DNA repair synthesis in human and
      mouse cells in culture by cigarette smoke condensate fractions.

PMID- 1207397
TI  - The diameter and mean sarcomere length of individual muscle fibres.

PMID- 1207398
TI  - Divergence of growth hormone actions on hepatic drug metabolism in the presence
      and absence of the pituitary gland.

PMID- 1207399
TI  - L-tryptophan and rat fetal brain serotonin.

PMID- 1207400
TI  - Hepatic microsomal N-oxidation and N-demethylation of N,N-dimethylaniline in red
      winged blackbird compared with rat and other birds.

PMID- 1207401
TI  - Comparative effects of ftorafur and 5-fluorouracil on DNA synthesis in rat small
      intestine.

PMID- 1207402
TI  - The effect of vitamin B6 supplements on development of seizures in the gerbil,
      Meriones unguiculatus.

PMID- 1207403
TI  - Morphine interference with noradrenaline-mediated inhibition from the locus
      coeruleus.

PMID- 1207404
TI  - Sympathetic nervous system effects on rat brain metabolism.

PMID- 1207405
TI  - Pharmacological characteristics of the ganglionic and aganglionic colon in
      Hirschsprung's disease.

PMID- 1207406
TI  - The use of tetrahydrofuran for delipidation and water solubilization of brain
      proteolipid proteins.

PMID- 1207407
TI  - Evaluation of the necessity for rapid inactivation of brain enzymes prior to
      analysis of norepinephrine dopamine and serotonin in the mouse.

PMID- 1207408
TI  - Corticosterone-induced gonadosuppression in photostimulated tree sparrows.

PMID- 1207409
TI  - Plasma corticoids and brain tryptophan after acute and tolerance dosage of LSD.

PMID- 1207410
TI  - Uroporphyrinogen synthase in human blood: developmental studies.

PMID- 1207411
TI  - Uptake and metabolism of alpha-monopalmitin by rat lung in vitro.
AB  - CO2 production from and uptake of alpha-glyceryl mono (palmitate-1-14C) were
      studied in an in vitro system using minced rat lung. Monoglyceride radioactivity
      was readily incorporated into lung tissue lipids. In a time course of 5-120 min,
      ca. 2.9-21.9% of the initial medium 14C-radioactivity was recovered in tissue
      lipids, including free fatty acid and monoglyceride, per one g of tissue. From 93
      to 72% of the initial radioactivity remained in the medium during the same
      incubation periods. The ratio of tissue neutral lipid to phospholipid
      radioactivity decreased from 2:1 at 5 min to ca. 1:2.1 at 120 min. Most of the
      phospholipid-14C was in phosphatidyl choline, and this accounted for 80% of
      phospholipid-14C. Analysis of the tissue lipid radioactivity pattern revealed
      that during early periods of incubation (5-15 min) there was a rapid accumulation
      of 14C in monoglycerides and free fatty acids, which decreased with increasing
      incubation time concomitant with increase in radioactivity of tissue
      phospholipids and triglycerides. During the same time course, 6.5-85.3% of medium
      14C was in free fatty acid, indicating the presence of an active alpha
      monopalmitin-hydrolyzing system. After 2 hr of incubation, only 1.8% of the
      initial medium-14C had been oxidized to CO2. Under the same experimental
      conditions, 14C-alpha-monopalmitin and palmitate-1-14C were almost equally
      utilized and the patterns of lipid incorporated from both substrates were
      similar. It is suggested that rat lungs can utilize alpha-monopalmitin in a
      similar manner as palmitate after the former is hydrolyzed.

PMID- 1207413
TI  - Tumor extracellular triglycerides in mice during growth of Ehrlich ascites
      carcinoma.
AB  - Our earlier work with Swiss-Webster mice has shown that most of the lipid in
      Ehrlich ascites tumor extracellular fluid is in the form of free fatty acids.
      This finding is in direct contradiction to earlier and subsequent reports from
      another laboratory that has found free fatty acids to be a very minor component
      and triglycerides to be the major lipid of Ehrlich ascites tumor extracellular
      fluid. In light of these contradictory reports, we have carried out a study
      patterned after that of other workers, but using our Swiss-Webster mice. As
      predicted from our earlier study, we have found very little triglyceride in
      Ehrlich ascites tumor extracellular fluid. Although we could demonstrate a
      significant, transient hypertriglyceridemia during tumor growth, maximum plasma
      triglyceride concentrations were an order of magnitude lower than those reported
      by other workers. In addition, and again in contrast to other reports, we found
      that plasma triglyceride and tumor extracellular fluid triglyceride levels in
      tumorous mice fell significantly with fasting. Thus, interesting differences in
      triglyceride metabolism between mouse and/or tumor strains seem to exist. Our
      present findings suggest, but do not prove, that triglycerides in the tumor
      extracellular fluid probably are not a major source of the rapidly turning over,
      tumor extracellular fluid free fatty acid in our mice.

PMID- 1207412
TI  - Effect of ethanol on utilization of plasma free fatty acids for liver
      triacylglycerol synthesis and its relation to hepatic triacylglycerol
      accumulation in rats.
AB  - The effect of 3 different single doses of ethanol on the liver triacylglycerol
      concentration and on the metabolism of intravenously injected 14C-oleic acid in
      fasted rats was studied. All 3 doses (2, 3.75, and 6 g ethanol/kg body wt) caused
      a rapid increase in the liver triacylglycerol concentration during the first 5-6
      hr after the ethanol was given. Until the plasma ethanol concentration had fallen
      to low values, the high liver triacylglycerol levels were raised and were
      independent of the ethanol dose given. The incorporation of radioactivity from
      intravenously injected 14C-oleic acid into liver triacylglycerols was increased
      over control values to the same extent in all rats given ethanol as long as the
      plasma ethanol concentration was above a low level. High rates of ethanol
      oxidation and increased utilization of plasma free fatty acids for liver
      triacylglycerol synthesis were closely correlated with the development and
      maintenance of the ethanol induced liver triacylglycerol accumulation.

PMID- 1207414
TI  - Quantitative, multicomponent analysis of fatty acids from cholesteryl esters by
      chemical ionization reconstructed mass chromatography.
AB  - Reconstructed mass chromatography using methane as a carrier and reagent gas for
      chemical ionization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the derived methyl
      esters allows rapid, quantitative microdeterminations of complete cholesteryl
      ester fatty acid profiles. The sensitivity of this method is consistent with
      completely specific, multicomponent assay at the picomole level. Introduction of
      two homologues as internal standards, one into the intact biological specimen and
      the other after derivatization, provides a measure of the net efficiency of the
      processes of extraction and derivatization. This procedure may be extended
      readily to the determination of fatty acid profiles in most biological fluids.

PMID- 1207415
TI  - Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in hypercholesterolemic subjects
      and in hypercholesterolemic subjects treated with clofibrate.
AB  - The lecithin:cholesterol acyl transfer reaction in the plasma of
      hypercholesterolemic subjects and of hypercholesterolemic subjects treated with
      clofibrate was studied. An increased enzyme activity was found in the first group
      of patients, while lecithin:cholesterol acyl transfer activity tended to
      normalize in the second group. This increased enzyme activity might be a defense
      mechanism against the accumulation of cholesterol in the arterial wall.

PMID- 1207416
TI  - 24-Methylenedammarenol: a new triterpene alcohol from shea butter.
AB  - A new triterpene alcohol was isolated from shea butter and its structure was
      shown to be 24-methylenedammarenol (24-methylene-5alpha-dammar-20[21]-en-3beta
      o1). Dammaradienol (5alpha-dammara-20[21],24-dien-3beta-o1) also was isolated
      from shea butter.

PMID- 1207417
TI  - Intestinal lipid absorption: evidence for an intrinsic defect of chylomicron
      secretion by normal rat distal intestine.
AB  - Intracellular triglyceride accumulation and delayed chylomicron secretion were
      demonstrated in distal but not in proximal rat intestine following prolonged
      steady state fat absorption. After 1 and 4 hr of intraduodenal triolein infusion,
      the mucosal triglyceride content in distal intestinal segments was greatly
      increased compared with proximal segments. Electron microscopy at each time
      interval disclosed greater quantities of lipid droplets within the distal cells
      and these were much larger than the intracellular droplets in the proximal cells,
      some attaining an enormous size (9000 mum). When proximal and distal cells were
      compared at intervals after cessation of a 4 hr triolein infusion, the
      differences in intracellular lipid accumulation were also evident because, even
      after 6 hr the distal cells were still filled with large droplets, whereas the
      proximal cells were almost devoid of fat. These results indicate a basic cellular
      difference between proximal and distal intestine in the processing of fat and, in
      contrast to current concepts, suggest that defective chylomicron secretion is not
      necessarily associated with limited B-apoprotein availability.

PMID- 1207418
TI  - [Electroroentgenoscanning in metastases of thyroid gland neoplasms].

PMID- 1207419
TI  - [Radiation sterilization of medicinal preparations with radioactive iodine
      isotopes].

PMID- 1207420
TI  - [Radiation and drug treatment of neglected forms of laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 1207421
TI  - [Physico-dosimetric aspects of gamma therapy of cervical cancer on hose apparatus
      AGAT-V].

PMID- 1207422
TI  - [Isoenzymes of esterase, alkaline and acid phosphatases of urine and kidneys in
      acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 1207423
TI  - [Determination of the rate of globin synthesis after incorporation of 1,2 glycine
      C14].

PMID- 1207425
TI  - [Diagnostic device for examinations with inactive label].

PMID- 1207424
TI  - [Determination of binding capacity of transcortin by radioisotope and
      fluorometric methods].

PMID- 1207426
TI  - [Calorimeter for measuring absorbed doses of roentgen irradiation in graphite].

PMID- 1207427
TI  - [Metabolism and radiation loads in the growing body during chronic intake of
      tritium].

PMID- 1207428
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of direct and indirect radioisotope determination of the
      indicators of free thyroxine in the blood serum in vitro].

PMID- 1207429
TI  - Medicine and Science in Sports: policy statement regarding the use of human
      subjects and informed consent.

PMID- 1207430
TI  - Free fatty acid and glucose metabolism during increased energy expenditure and
      after training.
AB  - The amount of fat available as substrate to provide the energy needed for
      submaximal exercise is almost unlimited; therefore, it stands to reason that the
      organism will adapt so that it uses fat as the major energy substrate during very
      prolonged exercise. Nevertheless, the quantitatively smaller body stores of
      carbohydrate, which contain only one to two percent as many calories as the fat
      stores, play a very important role during exercise, since depletion of either
      muscle or liver glycogen will force an individual to terminate strenuous muscular
      work. In normal dogs during long-lasting exercise, at energy expenditures ranging
      from the resting state of 0.73 kcal/m2 min to a work load of 4.66 kcal/m2 min,
      the FFA mobilization, and participation of FFA oxidation in total energy
      expenditure increases. During prolonged exercise in trained dogs, 50-90% of the
      energy may derive from plasma FFA, while plasma glucose contributes not more than
      10% to the energy expenditure. However, there is an inverse relationship between
      the amount of glycogen stored inside the muscle, its rate of depletion, and
      muscular endurance during prolonged strenuous work. Oxidation of FFA spares
      muscle glycogen and in this way increases work endurance.

PMID- 1207431
TI  - The body composition of a college football team.
AB  - The body composition and anthropometric measurements of 65 college football
      players were studied. Body composition was determined by underwater weighing with
      an accurate assessment of residual volume. The anthropometric measurements
      included height, weight, seven skinfolds, waist circumference and wrist diameter.
      A step-wise multiple regression analysis of the data indicated that body density
      and body fat could be predicted from anthropometric measurements. A multiple
      correlation of .96 was found between body density and three independent variables
      (waist circumference, triceps skinfold and height). The derived regression
      equations' standard errors of the estimate were 0.0041 body density units and
      1.64 percent fat respectively. The team data were divided into five categories by
      position. When subjected to analysis of variance, significant differences at the
      .01 level of confidence suggested that at least two separate groups, backs and
      linemen, be used in future body composition studies of football teams. The
      estimated optimal playing weights of each player were determined by densitometry,
      and each player and the coach estimated that their optimal weights through
      personal experience. It was found that the players and the coach estimated the
      players optimal mean weight by 9 and 6 pounds heavier, respectively, than the
      densitometric analysis indicated as optimal.

PMID- 1207432
TI  - Effects of fatigue on stabilometer performance and learning of males and females.
AB  - The effect of severe physical fatigue on the learning and performance of males
      and females was compared. The task used in the study was a stabilometer balance
      task, and fatigue was induced by walking on a treadmill. Thirty male and 30
      female subjects were randomly assigned to 2 experimental and 2 control groups.
      Each subject was pretested, received 20 trials, and was post-tested the following
      day. The experimental groups were fatigued to a heart rate between 175 and 180
      bpm for 5 minutes prior to the first trial and for one minute following every
      second trial. The control groups were not fatigued. Both time on balance (TOB)
      and total error (TE) scores were recorded for each trial. The TOB data indicated
      that fatigue was detrimental to both performance and learning of this dynamic
      balance task. In addition, the TOB learning data revealed that learning is
      detrimentally affected by fatigue. Conclusions were that severe fatigue is
      detrimental to both performance and learning of stabilometer balance and that
      fatigue has similar effects on balance performance and learning of males and
      females.

PMID- 1207433
TI  - Prediction of segmental parameters using the Hanavan human body model.
AB  - The Hanavan mathematical model of the human body was updated utilizing Clauser et
      al.'s multi-step weight distribution regression equations. The influence of these
      equations upon the predicted segment weights, specific gravities and principal
      moments of inertia of 30 adult male athletes was compared to that of Barter's
      regression equations employed in the original model. Both methods resulted in
      descrepancies between actual body weight and the predicted sum of the segment
      weights with Barter's equations consistently underestimating total body weight by
      an average of 2.03% and Clauser et al.'s overestimating it by 4.59%. Proportional
      distribution of the discrepancies produced corrected segment weights which were
      used in the Hanavan model. Clauser et al.'s equations predicted heavier trunks
      and thighs, and lighter heads, upper arms, forearms and hands with these
      differences being reflected in the specific gravities and principal moments of
      intertia. While it was not possible to establish the definite superiority of
      Clauser et al.'s equations in the prediction of body segment parameters, it is
      suggested from inferential evidence that they be used in subsequent biomechanical
      investigations of adult male athletes which involve the Hanavan model. It is also
      recommended that continued efforts be made to refine the Hanavan human body
      model.

PMID- 1207434
TI  - Decline of physiologic training effects during the competitive season in members
      of the U.S. Nordic ski team.
AB  - Various physiologic parameters were examined during submaximal and maximal
      treadmill exercise in nine members of the U.S. Nordic Ski Team prior to and
      following three months of on-snow ski training. In addition, four of this group
      were re-tested at the conclusion of the competitive skiing season. Results
      indicate a perceptible increase in training effect during the fall and early
      winter before starting on the European race circuit with subsequent decline in
      this effect as measured in the spring. It is suggested that this latter
      phenomenon occurs at least in part due to lack of adequate training time during
      the period of long-distance travel and racing.

PMID- 1207435
TI  - Effect of caffeine upon maximal muscular endurance of females.
AB  - The effect of various dosages of caffeine upon maximal endurance capacity in
      females was studied. The effect of caffeine upon resting heart rate (RHR),
      submaximal heart rate (SHR), maximal heart rate (MHR), and ratings of perceived
      exertion (RPE) was also studied. Prior to undertaking a standarized progressive
      workload to exhaustion on an electric bicycle ergometer, each subject consumed
      either a placebo, small (4 mg/kg), medium (7 mg/kg) or large (10 mg/kg) dose of
      caffeine. A double-blind procedure was followed. Mean times to exhaustion for the
      placebo, small, medium and large dosages of caffeine were, respectively, 299.5,
      312.1, 299.8, and 303.2 seconds. MHR were respectively, 183.4, 185.0, 185.4, and
      184.4. Maximal RPE were 16.6, 17.0, 16.3, and 17.1. The analysis of variance
      revealed no significant differences between the drug trials for the above three
      variables; in addition, no significant differences were noted for the RHR, SHR,
      and submaximal RPE. Within the limitations of this study, the following
      conclusion appears warranted: A small, moderate, or large dose of caffeine
      exerted no significant effect upon maximal endurance time, RHR, SHR, MHR, or RPE
      at either submaximal or maximal workloads.

PMID- 1207436
TI  - National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment football helmet
      certification program.
AB  - Wayne State University, Department of Neurosurgery, was contracted in 1971 by
      NOCSAE to develop voluntary standards for football helmets. Preliminary tests of
      representative football helmets on cadavers and the Z-90 metal head form showed
      that a more realistic head model was necessary before it was possible to
      understand helmet performance. A synthetic model was developed which approached
      human cadaver performance and at the same time was more rugged and repeatable
      than a cadaver head. A test method was devised and a human tolerance limit of
      1500 Severity Index based on resultant CG head accelerations was adopted as the
      performance standard. All new football helmets available for use in high school
      and college football have now been certified by the NOCSAE standard and the
      wearing of such helmets is mandatory for college players in 1978 and high schools
      in 1980. By means of design or material changes, certified helmets on the NOCSAE
      tests are performing at a Severity Index of 1/2 those posted by prestandard
      models, on the average. Experience with the equipment at a helmet reconditiong
      plant shows that 25% of precertified helmets being received are rejected and 84%
      of the remainder are testing on the front location (most critical) above a
      Severity Index of 1450, and should be replaced as soon as possible with certified
      helmets.

PMID- 1207438
TI  - A practical look at psychotherapy.

PMID- 1207437
TI  - Serum uric acid, body fatness, and heart rate response to exercise.
AB  - Serum uric acid was determined in 2298 males and 2237 females, age 10-64. Body
      fatness (sum of four skinfolds) and heart rate response to a modified Harvard
      Step Test were also measured in these subjects. Age and sex specific correlation
      coefficients between SUA and heart rate response to the standard exercise were
      low (about 0.15 on the average) but more than half were statistically
      significant. SUA was more closely related to body fatness than to heart rate
      response to exercise. Removing the effects of body fatness from the SUA - heart
      rate response correlations decreased these correlations so that only about one
      per cent of the variation in SUA among people is associated with one's physical
      fitness as reflected in heart rate response to exercise.

PMID- 1207439
TI  - Pain and swelling in the calf.

PMID- 1207440
TI  - A unique malpractice decision.

PMID- 1207441
TI  - Complications of lymphography.

PMID- 1207442
TI  - Clinical aspects of multiple myeloma.

PMID- 1207443
TI  - Rupture of the aorta--No longer hopeless.

PMID- 1207444
TI  - Cocaine intoxication.

PMID- 1207445
TI  - When a family physician is absent.

PMID- 1207446
TI  - Hypercalcemia: the cause is the clue to definitive treatment.

PMID- 1207447
TI  - What you can tell your patients about "organic" foods.

PMID- 1207448
TI  - Is your respiratory care unit up to snuff?

PMID- 1207449
TI  - Any doctor can... make his own compensated polarizing microscope.

PMID- 1207450
TI  - Sorting out the "worried well" from the really sick.

PMID- 1207451
TI  - [The significance of soluble fibrin (soluble fibrin-complex) for consumption
      coagulopathy].

PMID- 1207452
TI  - [The transformation fibrinogen-fibrin in umbilical cord blood. A contribution to
      fetal fibrinogen].

PMID- 1207453
TI  - [Extended studies on the coronary drug Adalate in practice].

PMID- 1207454
TI  - [Tilidine (Valoron) and anesthesia (preliminary communication)].

PMID- 1207455
TI  - [The laxative effect of Aristochol concentrate granulate].

PMID- 1207456
TI  - [Diagnostic measures in stroke].

PMID- 1207457
TI  - [Directional Doppler-sonography in stenoses and occlusions of the internal
      carotid artery].

PMID- 1207458
TI  - [Immediate measures in stroke].

PMID- 1207459
TI  - [The conservative therapy of stroke].

PMID- 1207460
TI  - [The Incidence of malignancy sign in distribution mammography].

PMID- 1207461
TI  - [Erysipelas melanomatosum].

PMID- 1207462
TI  - [How to evaluate the result of an postoperative insulin test?].

PMID- 1207463
TI  - [Pharmaco-analytical studies on the blood circulation in human skin and mucosa].

PMID- 1207465
TI  - [Clinical experience with Bactrim Roche ampoules in urology].

PMID- 1207464
TI  - [The effect of pentoxifyllin on the surface tension of the human blood].

PMID- 1207466
TI  - [1st symposium on nitrates].

PMID- 1207467
TI  - Computer support of medical decisions in ambulatory care.

PMID- 1207468
TI  - Comments on the use of the Systematized Nomenclature of Pathology.

PMID- 1207469
TI  - Logic and diagnosis.

PMID- 1207470
TI  - Digital storage and simulation of EEG-data using a linear EEG-model.

PMID- 1207471
TI  - Probabilistic differential diagnosis of auditory dysfunction on the basis of
      electrocochleography.

PMID- 1207472
TI  - A computerized information system for pathology.

PMID- 1207473
TI  - A small but versatile hospital information system.

PMID- 1207474
TI  - Computer applications in a hospital pharmacy.

PMID- 1207475
TI  - Two years experience with a medical computer file in insurance medicine.

PMID- 1207477
TI  - [The problem of formal identification of information units in scientific
      information processing (author's transl)].

PMID- 1207476
TI  - Optimal values for the parameters of an on-line algorithm monitoring the qrs
      waveform.

PMID- 1207478
TI  - [Analysis of independent categorical data on drug research by contingency table
      methods (author's transl)].

PMID- 1207479
TI  - [Variations in mortality in relation to air pollution (author's transl)].

PMID- 1207480
TI  - [Pratt signed rank test (author's transl)].

PMID- 1207481
TI  - The challenge of change.

PMID- 1207482
TI  - The revolving door.

PMID- 1207483
TI  - Men and women together.

PMID- 1207484
TI  - Mental health and middle America.

PMID- 1207485
TI  - Circuit rider.

PMID- 1207486
TI  - [Determination of the number of cells with multiple nucleoli in histological
      sections (author's transl)].
AB  - A method has been described for correction of a bias, when cells with more than
      one nucleolus are counted by counting their nucleoli. The true numbers of cells
      and nucleoli per cell can be estimated by a system of linear equations, with
      coefficients depending on the thickness of the histological specimen, the average
      nuclear diameter and the probabilities of nuclear slices, which one gets by
      cutting a cell nucleus with a certain number of nucleoli. The presuppositions for
      this method have been discussed with respect to different practical situations.
      Uncorrected and corrected numbers of motoneurons in the nucl. n. oculomotorii of
      Tupaia belangeri have been compared.

PMID- 1207487
TI  - Structure of enamel surface as demonstrated by absorbed electrons.
AB  - The current induced by absorbed electrons in electron microprobe analysis was
      utilized to illustrate the surface structure of dental enamel. The electron
      images depicted a typical arcade or key-hole pattern on the surface of human
      incisors, while the surface of rat incisors was characterized by polygonal
      structures. Differences in electron density of the two specimen materials were
      observed, probably due to differences in their chemical composition. Absorbed
      electron images appear to be a valuable supplement to light microscopy,
      especially in the study of curved surfaces.

PMID- 1207488
TI  - Symptomatic gonococcal infections of children: a seven year experience in
      metropolitan Detroit.

PMID- 1207489
TI  - Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome.

PMID- 1207490
TI  - Evaluation of a neonatal recovery room.

PMID- 1207491
TI  - Brachial artery occlusion following cardiac catheterization; etiology and
      treatment.

PMID- 1207492
TI  - Infectious mononucleosis associated with anergy, anemia, and hilar
      lymphadenopathy. A case report.

PMID- 1207493
TI  - Breast cancer: a systematic approach.

PMID- 1207494
TI  - [Respiratory activity of Acholeplasma laidlawii cells and its role in the active
      transport of carbohydrates].
AB  - The respiratory activity of the Acholeplasma laidlawii cells was studied in order
      to elucidate a possible mechanism of coupling of transport with energy. The
      respiration of the cells is stimulated by ethanol, glucose, NADH, lactate, and
      pyruvate. The substrates of the Krebs cycle have no effect on the respiration.
      The respiratory activity, stimulated by ethanol and glucose, is inhibited by the
      inhibitors of the respiratory chain, SH reagents, and the inhibitors of
      glycolysis. The results of experiments with inhibitors suggest that the
      respiratory chain in the A. laidlawii cells is reduced and terminated by
      flavoprotein. This is confirmed by the results of spectroscopic analysis of
      cytochromes. Respiration coupled with phosphorylation did not play any important
      role in the active transport of carbohydrates. Probably, the energy, necessary
      for the transport of carbohydrates, is supplied by the substrate phosphorylation.
      This explains the activation of respiration by glucose, which is so sensitive to
      arsenate. The respiration of the A. laidlawii cells is not stimulated by some
      carbohydrates (fructose, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose).

PMID- 1207495
TI  - [Hydrogenase activity of the methylotroph, Pseudomonas methylica].
AB  - The cells of Pseudomonas methylica, strain 2, cultivated in a medium containing
      methanol, displayed the activity of hydrogenase in the exchange reaction (D2-
      H2O) and in the absorption of H2 in the presence of methylviologen, azocarmine,
      methylene blue, and ferricyanide. The rate of H2 utilization was highest in the
      presence of methylviologen. Cell extracts absorb H2 in the presence of
      methylviologen, NAD, and NADP, but much faster in the presence of flavin
      mononucleotide. The bulk of the hydrogenase remains, during centrifugation of the
      initial cell extract (3,000 g), in the soluble fraction (144,000 g). The
      absorption of oxygen by the cell suspensions and the incorporation of 14C of
      formiate into the cells are stimulated by H2. The cells, however, cannot grow in
      the autotrophic conditions at the account of molecular hydrogen and CO2.

PMID- 1207497
TI  - [Acetylcholinesterase activity of Mycobacterium olgonitrophilum var.
      cholinesterasus nov. var].

PMID- 1207496
TI  - [Effect of ammonium on certain oxidoreductases of wine yeasts].
AB  - The effect of ammonium ions on the activity of alcohol:NAD-, L-malate:NAD-, L
      glutamate:NADP-oxidoreductases was studied in wine yeast during fermentation of
      wine wort containing 18% of sugar, and also after the biomass cultivated in the
      conditions of nitrogen deficiency had been transferred to media with various
      amounts of nitrogen and carbohydrates. Ammonium stimulated the activity of all
      these enzymes during fermentation and their activity in the biomass transferred
      to a medium with a low content of nutrient component; its effect was less
      pronounced on a complete medium.

PMID- 1207498
TI  - [Extracellular polysaccharides in yeasts of the genus Sporobolomyces Kluyver et
      van Niel].
AB  - Nineteen yeast strains belonging to the genus Sporobolomyces were tested for the
      ability to produce extracellular polysaccharides during submerged cultivation in
      a defined growth medium. These polysaccharides, accumulated by the yeast
      Sporobolomyces in the cultural broth, are a heterogeneous group of polymers.

PMID- 1207500
TI  - [Synthesis and breakdown of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid in Rhizobium lupini].
AB  - The effect of various substrates on synthesis and decomposition of poly-beta
      hydroxybutyric acid (PHBA) was studied in cell suspensions of the effective
      strain of Rhizobium lupini and in suspensions of the bacteroids of this strain
      which were isolated from lupine nodules at different growth stages of the plants.
      Glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate were found to be the best substrates for
      synthesis of PHBA in all variants. The content of PHBA in the presence of these
      substrates increased in suspensions by 2.0 to 2.5 times during ten hours of
      incubation. In the presence of succinate, PHBA was actively synthesized only by
      the bacteroids isolated during the stage of active nitrogen fixation (flowering
      of the plants). In the absence of exogenous substrates, PHBA was decomposed,
      especially if ammonium ions were present in suspensions. No synthesis of PHBA was
      registered in the presence of ammonium and glucose, and the rate of PHBA
      decomposition was high in this case during the stage of active nitrogen fixation.

PMID- 1207501
TI  - [Change in the content and biosynthesis of RNA in the process of development of a
      Saccharomyces carlsbergensis culture].
AB  - The concentration of RNA in the cells of Saccharamyces carlsbergensis was found
      to vary from 3.51 to 7.54% with aging. A high content of RNA, a high rate of the
      incorporation of 14C-uridine into RNA and the acid-soluble fraction are typical
      of the cells in the logarithmic phase of growth. The total RNA can be separated
      into three zones on Sephadex G-100. No changes in the chromatographic profile
      were detected with aging.

PMID- 1207499
TI  - [Fractional makeup of the lipids of some yeast species].
AB  - The fractional composition of lipids was studied in 32 yeast strains belonging to
      the genera of Rhodotorula Harrison, Lipomyces Lodder et Kreger van Rij and
      Cryptococcus Kutz. The effect of C/N ratio in the growth medium on the content of
      various lipid fractions was studied. Lipids of the most studied cultures were
      found to contain di- and triglycerides, waxes, free fatty acids, sterines, their
      esters, and phospholipids. The fraction of monoglycerides was also detected in
      Rhodotorula and three species of Cryptococcus, but not in Lipomyces and Cr.
      laurentii. If C/N ratio equals 10, the predominant lipid component in Lipomyces
      is triglycerides, and in Rhodoturula and Cryptococcus phospholipids. The fraction
      of triglycerides prevailed in all cultures at C/N ratio of 100. The content of
      phospholipids decreased with an increase of C/N ratio in the medium from 10 to
      100.

PMID- 1207502
TI  - [Activity of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the adsorbed state].
AB  - Adsorption of pure cultures of methane oxidizing bacteria, Methylosinus
      trichosporium 20 and Methylococcus ucrainicus 21, on glass and coal was studied;
      the former strain was sorbed on both sorbents, the latter strain was sorbed on
      coal but not on glass. The rate of methane oxidation by the cells of adsorbed
      microorganisms was higher than in the case of free cells, and increased with a
      decrease in dimensions of the sorbent particles.

PMID- 1207503
TI  - [Thermophilic and thermotolerant bacteria that assimilate methane].
AB  - Microorganisms assimilating methane at temperatures above 40 degrees C were
      isolated from various natural sources: ooze, mud, waste water of coal pits. The
      bacteria are obligate methylotrophs and are represented by two groups: (a)
      thermotolerant, growing at 37 to 45 degrees C; and (b) thermophilic, growing at
      50 to 62 degrees C. The selective factor used to isolate various physiological
      forms of methylotrophs is corresponding temperatures of growth which allow to
      isolate from the same substrate meso-, thermotolerant, and thermophilic forms.
      Morphological and physiological properties of the strains are described. The
      thermotolerant cultures of methylotrophs are similar to Methylobacter vinelandii,
      though differ from it by some characteristics. The thermophilic microorganisms
      should be classed as a separate species Methylococcus thermophilus.

PMID- 1207504
TI  - [Macromolecular subunits on the surfaces of the cell wall of Thiocapsa
      roseopersicina].
AB  - A layer of fungiform macromolecular subunits was found on the surface of the cell
      wall of Thiocapsa roseopersicina, a purple sulphur bacterium, strain BBS. The cap
      of a particle has a diameter of 40 to 60 A; the stalk is 80 to 100 A long and 20
      to 30 A thick. Under the conditions of nitrogen fixation and a low content of
      vitamin B12 (0.1 mcg/litre) in the cultural broth, a second layer of similar
      particles is formed over the first layer.

PMID- 1207505
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the mycelium and spores of Actinomadura fastidiosa sp. nov].
AB  - A new species of the Actinomadura genus, A. fastidiosa sp. nov., is described.
      The ultrastructure of the vegetative mycelium and spores of this organism was
      studied. The vegetative cells have a multilayered cell wall, often consisting of
      five layers with different thickness and electron density. The spores are similar
      to the vegetative cells by their inner structure but have a thicker wall.

PMID- 1207507
TI  - [Correlation of the DNA nucleotide makeup with the physiological and cytological
      characteristics of spore-forming anaerobic bacteria].
AB  - The nucleotide composition of DNA from 12 studied species of anaerobic bacteria
      belongs to AT type, with G+C varying from 28.4 to 36.8 mole%. In the anaerobic
      group of Clostridium bifermentans, a correlation has been established between the
      nucleotide composition of DNA, the type of appendages on spores, and some
      physiologo-biochemical characteristics. The nucleotide composition of DNA in the
      spores of four anaerobic species is shifted toward GC type as compared to DNA in
      the vegetative cells. Data on the content of GC pairs in DNA of the spores may
      sometimes be of a higher taxonomic value than the corresponding evidence on DNA
      of the vegetative cells.

PMID- 1207506
TI  - [Primary distribution of n-alkane through the structures of yeast cells].
AB  - When n-alkane enters the cells as a result of molecular sorption and diffusion,
      it is distributed within all membrane structures of the cell (microsomes,
      mitochondria, membranes, vacuoles, cytoplasmic membranes, and cell walls).
      Sorption of n-alkane by all these structures in vivo comes at equilibrium after
      incubation of the cells with n-alkane during 3-4 min. Accumulation of the
      hydrocarbon in the morphological fractions of the cell depends on its
      concentration in the incubation medium. Isotherms of the sorption are convex
      curves. Sorption power, maximum sorption capacity, affinity and strength of the
      bonds with the hydrocarbon differ among the membrane structures of the cell. The
      maximum capacity of sorption of n-alkane by the structures does not correlate
      with the content of lipids and phospholipids in the structures. Sorption of n
      alkanes is presumed to depend on the structural organization of lipids in the
      morphological fractions.

PMID- 1207508
TI  - [Fungal origin of PBV-group viruses isolated from Penicillium brevi-compactum].
AB  - Treatment of extracts from the disintegrated mycelium of Penicillium brevi
      compactum with antisera against viruses PBV-1 and PBV-3 grown on bacteria results
      in a considerable decrease in the infectiveness of micellar preparations toward
      E. coli C. This is a specific reaction since treatment with a heterologic
      antiserum against phage T2 has no effect on the infectiveness of the micellar
      extracts. The kinetics of reassociation of DNA from PBV-3 and DNA from
      Penicillium brevi-compactum has shown that the value of Cot at half-reassociation
      of these DNAs is 13.3 times higher than the value of Cot at half-reassociation of
      DNA from PBV-3 and heterologic DNA from chicken embryos. As was found by
      calculations, DNA isolated from the fungal mycelium contains virus sequences at
      an amount of 3.7 virus genomes per cell. These data confirm the micellar origin
      of the viruses PBV-1 and PBV-3. The virus PBV-3 is supposed to be present in the
      cells in the form of prophage.

PMID- 1207509
TI  - [Effect of ultraviolet rays on the activity of clover nodule bacteria].
AB  - The effect of UV on the survival, morphological variability, and effectiveness
      was studied with nodule bacteria of clover, strain 374a. The survival of the
      strain directly depended on the dose of UV rays, being 43.3% at 130 erg/mm2 and
      0.000022% at 22,900 erg/mm2. UV irradiation yielded two morphological types of
      colonies; they differed by the production of slime which was less at higher doses
      of UV (15,970 to 22,900 erg/mm2). Variants with either positive or negative
      effectiveness were obtained by the action of UV. The positive variants increased
      the crop of clover by 21-60%, as compared with the parent strain 347a, while the
      negative variants decreased it by 18.3-35%.

PMID- 1207510
TI  - [Role of phenol-decomposing microorganisms in the process of phenol destruction
      in the Black Sea].
AB  - The number and species of phenol decomposing microorganisms, as well as the
      activity of their biochemical oxidation of phenol, were studied in waters of the
      shelf zone of the Black Sea, from the Danube estuary to Batumi. The number of
      these microorganisms and their phenol decomposing activity were higher in waters
      near harbours than in regions outside the anthropogenic activity. These
      parameters were highest in contaminated waters of the river origin. Most of these
      phenol decomposing microorganisms belong to the genera Pseudomonas and Bacterium,
      with the predominance of the species of Bacterium album and Pseudomonas
      desmolyticum (subspecis Pseudomonas rathionis).

PMID- 1207511
TI  - [Manganese-oxidizing microorganisms inhabiting the phylloplane].
AB  - Manganese oxidizing microorganisms belonging to the genus Metallogenium were
      found in the phylloplane of various trees and grass plants. This is the first
      evidence that epiphytes participate in the transformation of mineral elements,
      and that microorganisms belonging to the genus Metallogenium can be found not
      only in fresh water and soil.

PMID- 1207513
TI  - [Increased flavinogenesis in 1 of the strains of Candida tropicalis].
AB  - Candida tropicalis IBFM 303 is capable of the active production and liberation of
      flavins during the oxidation of solid paraffins with the carbon chain consisting
      of 20 carbon atoms and more. Unlike other known strains, this strain does not
      accumulate considerable amounts of the vitamin neither on media containing liquid
      n-paraffins not on media with glucose, even under the conditions of iron
      deficiency.

PMID- 1207512
TI  - [Enzymatic determination of the autotrophic fixation of carbon dioxide in aerobic
      and anaerobic ecosystems].
AB  - An enzymatic method is suggested for determining the role of chemoautotrophs in
      bacterial populations of a high density. The method involves an assay of the
      activity of ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase, the key enzyme in autotrophic
      assimilation of carbon dioxide. The chemoautotrophic activity of microorganisms
      is rather high in ecosystems based on decomposition of organic matter in both
      aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

PMID- 1207514
TI  - [Electrophoretic studies of proteins of propionic bacteria under different
      cultural conditions].

PMID- 1207515
TI  - [Effect of different sources of nitrogen nutrition on formation of cellulolytic
      enzymes in dark-colored fungi].

PMID- 1207516
TI  - [Studies of toxicity of various microscopic fungal strains].

PMID- 1207517
TI  - [Effect of the method of tissue culture and the way of its inoculation as applied
      to the accumulation of potato virus X and tobacco mosaic virus].

PMID- 1207518
TI  - [Electron microscopic examination of tomato spotted wilt virus (Lycopersicum
      virus 3)].

PMID- 1207520
TI  - [Inoculation frequency and microbial characteristics of bacteria of the genus
      Klebsiella from adults and children with different gastrointestinal disease].

PMID- 1207519
TI  - [Effect of actinomycin D on the reproduction of peanut stunt virus].

PMID- 1207521
TI  - [Role of the changed forms of microbes of the genus Bordetella in whooping cough
      infection].

PMID- 1207523
TI  - [Possibility of the effect of symbiosis on the DNA of nodule bacteria].

PMID- 1207522
TI  - [Urease activity of Proteus].

PMID- 1207524
TI  - [Structural changes in cells of host plants induced by peanut stunt virus].

PMID- 1207525
TI  - [Antimicrobial activity of various nitrophenylhydroazones of periodate-oxidative
      nucleosides].

PMID- 1207527
TI  - Editorial: Higher education in Malaysia.

PMID- 1207526
TI  - [Concentration and purification of methane fermented mash by ultrafiltration].

PMID- 1207528
TI  - Behavioral approach in training the mentally retarded.

PMID- 1207529
TI  - Medical services of the Orang Asli (Aborigines) of West Malaysia.

PMID- 1207530
TI  - Recommended daily dietary intakes for peninsular Malaysia.

PMID- 1207531
TI  - A battered child.

PMID- 1207532
TI  - The ovaries at abdominal hysterectomy-conservation or removal?

PMID- 1207533
TI  - Maternal mortality from septic abortions in University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur
      from March 1968 to February 1974.

PMID- 1207535
TI  - Partial exchange transfusion in the treatment of severe anaemia in late
      pregnancy.

PMID- 1207534
TI  - Inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone in chronic obstructive airways
      disease with chest infection and respiratory failure.

PMID- 1207536
TI  - Treatment of tubal occlusion by hydrotubation.

PMID- 1207537
TI  - Editorial: The tropical splenomegaly syndrome.

PMID- 1207538
TI  - Editorial: Ear drops and iatrogenic deafness.

PMID- 1207539
TI  - Are antibiotics necessary in acute cholecystitis?
AB  - The value of antibiotics in 302 cases of acute cholecystitis was examined.
      Antibiotics are valueless in decreasing the incidence of local septic
      complications, such as empyema or pericholecystic abscess formation. Antibiotics
      are valuable in decreasing the number of wound infections and the incidence of
      septicaemia in patients who are at risk. Patients at risk are aged over 60 years
      or have a debilitating disease which lowers host resistance to infection or
      already have a septic complications, such as a pericholecystic abscess. Patients
      who are aged under 60 years and who have uncomplicated acute cholecystitis do not
      require antibiotics.

PMID- 1207540
TI  - A volunteer crisis service. Pattern of utilization and referral.
AB  - One characteristic of contemporary Australian society is the increase in the
      number of self-help and volunteer groups operating at the social-medical
      interface. An analysis of the utilization and referral pattern of a volunteer
      crisis team shows that for a large number of people, it becomes the point of
      access to other helping agencies, 9% of which are medical and 7% legal.

PMID- 1207541
TI  - Ototoxicity of chloramphenicol ear drops with propylene glycol as solvent.
AB  - The ototoxicity of chloramphenicol ear drops was studied  in guinea-pigs. The ear
      drops consisted of chloramphenicol sodium succinate in propylene glycol; hence
      the ototoxicity of each chemical was also studied. The diluted chemicals were
      instilled in the middle ear cavity; thus clinical conditions were simulated, and
      the cochlear microphonic responses from the electrode on the round window of the
      cochlea were monitored as an indication of the hair cell function. Our experiment
      revealed that propylene glycol at the concentration of 10% or more caused
      irreversible deafness. Chloramphenicol sodium succinate in a concentration of 5%
      or more in Ringer's solution also caused irreversible deafness. It is recommended
      that propylene glycol should not be used in the ear drops as a solvent of the
      drug. Chloramphenicol at higher concentrations is not recommended for use in the
      middle ear cavity.

PMID- 1207542
TI  - Acute renal failure with myoglobinuria after tiger snake bite.
AB  - This report concerns a cause of snake bite by a tiger snake (Notechis scutatus)
      in which the predominant pathological feature was acute massive rhabdomyolysis
      with myoglobinuria, hypocalcaemia and acute renal failure.

PMID- 1207543
TI  - Fulminant tropical splenomegaly syndrome.
AB  - Eight patients with the tropical splenomegaly syndrome who presented with an
      acute febrile illness and severe anaemia due to haemolysis are described. None
      was pregnant. All were treated with anti-malarial drugs, four received steroids,
      and another two steroids and other cytotoxic drugs. Two patients died from causes
      which were, in part, attributed to this complication of the tropical splenomegaly
      syndrome. This mode of presentation is seldom documented in this condition. The
      management and differential diagnosis are discussed.

PMID- 1207544
TI  - Letter: Correct use of thyroxine.

PMID- 1207546
TI  - Editorial: Mazes of medical administration in hospitals.

PMID- 1207547
TI  - Editorial: Mycobacterium ulcerans in Australia.

PMID- 1207545
TI  - Letter: Replacement drug for edrophonium bromide.

PMID- 1207548
TI  - Towards demythologizing epilepsy. An appraisal of public attitudes.
AB  - A questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of Sydney adults to
      assess the public's general impression of epileptics as people and their
      performance and reliability in a variety of social situations. It would appear
      that a number of attitudes are prevalent which may impede the social
      rehabilitation of these patients.

PMID- 1207549
TI  - Australian pacemakers: a follow-up survey.
AB  - The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital experience with Australian-made pacemakers shows
      that the Telectronics P7 fixed-rate pacemaker has a 90% survival rate at two
      years. Such a figure compares favourably with those of its predecessor and other
      makes of pacemaker. Survival of the P6 ventricular synchronized units is slightly
      less than that of the P7.

PMID- 1207550
TI  - Serum doxycycline levels after intravenous administration in haemodialysis
      patients.
AB  - Serum doxycycline levels were measured after intravenous administration of
      doxycycline to three patients receiving regular haemodialysis therapy. Drug
      levels were predictable, fell within the therapeutic range, and remained so
      throughout dialysis. Doxycycline did not accumulate and may be used safely in
      these patients. A dosage regimen is recommended for maintenance dialysis
      patients.

PMID- 1207551
TI  - Activated ppsb in the treatment of a patient with haemophilia and antibodies to
      factor VIII.
AB  - A patient with haemophilia and antibodies to factor VIII was treated with
      activated prothrombin concentrate (PPSB). Clinical manifestations of haemophilia
      subsided after treatment with PPSB, and the prolonged partial thromboplastin time
      shortened temporarily. There were no untoward side effects of the treatment.

PMID- 1207552
TI  - Control of haemorrhage from hepatic vein and vena cava after blunt trauma.
AB  - A case of uncontrollable haemorrhage after blunt liver trauma is described in
      which a technique was used to expose rapidly and ligate the right hepatic vein,
      and suture the vena cava at the expense of the right lobe of the liver. It is
      believed that this method may be appropriate and life saving when techniques of
      vascular isolation of the liver appear too cumbersome in the emergency situation.

PMID- 1207553
TI  - Temporomandibular joint disorders: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1207555
TI  - Letter: Fishbone in the omentum.

PMID- 1207554
TI  - Population control in Australia today: contraception, sterilization and abortion.

PMID- 1207557
TI  - Editorial: The Leichhardt woman's community health centre.

PMID- 1207556
TI  - Editorial: Core cooling.

PMID- 1207559
TI  - Limitations of the Nash Logoscope or diagnostic slide rule.
AB  - The diagnostic efficacy of a commercially available diagnostic slide-rule (the
      Logoscope) was evaluated on 50 cases detailed in the leterature. In only 13 cases
      (26%) was the Logoscope of any practical assistance in diagnosis and even then it
      did not always indicate the entire final clinical diagnosis. Some major
      deficiencies of the Logoscope system are outlined.

PMID- 1207560
TI  - Letter: Hemineurin danger.

PMID- 1207558
TI  - The isolation and identification of haemoglobin Lephore Boston (Washington) in an
      Australian family.
AB  - Haemoglobin Lepore is a haemoglobin variant associated with a thalassaemia-like
      disorder. It has been only rarely detected in Anglo-Saxons and its occurrrence in
      an Australian family of British and stock is reported for the first time. The
      appearances of the blood film resemble those seen in various hypochromic
      anaemias, inclusing thalassaemia traits, and on this account it is of clinical
      importance to recognize it in order to avoid unnecessary investigation and
      treatment. The chemical structure of nine examples of haemoglobin Lepore has been
      confirmed by peptide mapping and amino acid analysis, and the genetic mechanisms
      postulated for the production of haemoglobin Lepore are discussed.

PMID- 1207561
TI  - Letter: Potentially dangerous pressure pack ingredients.

PMID- 1207562
TI  - Letter: Chronic melioidosis.

PMID- 1207563
TI  - Letter: Bisolvon.

PMID- 1207564
TI  - Australian medical association. Meeting of federal council.

PMID- 1207565
TI  - Editorial: possums and other devices.

PMID- 1207566
TI  - Editorial: Problems of Vietnamese orphans.

PMID- 1207567
TI  - Editorial: Zinc and gastric ulceration.

PMID- 1207568
TI  - Electroejaculation of the paraplegic male followed by pregnancy.
AB  - A method is described for the production of an ejaculate the paraplegic male by
      electrical stimulation from a probe placed in the rectum. A case is reported in
      which an ejaculate produced by this method was used to inseminate the wife of a
      paraplegic patient. Pregnancy resulted, but the infant died. Post-mortem
      examination revealed the presence of transposition of the great vessels.

PMID- 1207569
TI  - Effects of radial artery cannulation.
AB  - A prospective study has been carried out in 40 patients of the effects of radial
      artery cannulation for monitoring purposes. A Doppler flow meter was used to
      secure objective evidence of the incidence of thrombosis in the cannulated radial
      artery. Twenty-two of the 41 arteries cannulated were shown to have undergone
      thrombosis, and the haemodynamic defect associated with the arterial block
      persisted in all but two until the time of the patient's discharge from hospital.
      Thirteen of the 20 hands in which a persistent block was demonstrated developed
      features of mild ischaemia. In four instances, these were transient, and
      disappeared within a few days. In the remaining nine hands, however, the features
      persisted to the time of the patient's discharge from hospital at an average of
      three weeks from the date of cannulation. The mean cannulation time was 45 hours.
      Radial artery cannulation carries a definite morbidity, and should not be used
      unless there is no other reasonable way of obtaining vital information for the
      management of a critically ill patient.

PMID- 1207571
TI  - Stroke rehabilitation. II. Special considerations.

PMID- 1207570
TI  - Intake of selected nutrients compared with socioeconomic status in young women.
AB  - In this survey the aim was to investigate the relationship between the
      socioeconomic status of young women of child bearing age and their daily intake
      of calcium and other selected nutrients. Although no significant relationship was
      found there were other findings of nutritional interest. Further support is given
      to the theory that young women are a vulnerable group with respect to nutrition.

PMID- 1207573
TI  - Letter: Waterproof plaster cast.

PMID- 1207572
TI  - Living and working in the United States of America. Some notes for the Australian
      graduate.
AB  - Medical licensing in the United State of America is dependent on examination in
      addition to education and training. Licenses are granted by each State, and each
      State has individual requirements. These requirements may include the Educational
      Council for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) certification, internship, visa
      status and the foreign licensing examination(FLEX) certificate. These factors are
      discussed in some detail. Temporary licensure for the physician who works in a
      training institution is also discussed. Ecomic pressures may force the physician
      on an Australian stipend to consider working outside his fellowhip or residency.
      Licensing for the foreign medical graduate who intends working in the United
      States is complex, and specific questioning of a potential employer regarding
      licensing is very important.

PMID- 1207574
TI  - Letter: Pancreatic extract lung sensitivity.

PMID- 1207575
TI  - Letter: Sudden infant death syndrome.

PMID- 1207576
TI  - Letter: SIDS--is this the answer?

PMID- 1207577
TI  - Editorial: Successes, failures and prospects of the anti-smoking programme.

PMID- 1207578
TI  - Editorial: Warning signs in adolescent emotional disturbance.

PMID- 1207579
TI  - Editorial: Use of pyschotropic drugs in Australia.

PMID- 1207580
TI  - Patterns of tobacco smoking in Australia.
AB  - A large representative sample of Australians aged 14 years or more was
      interviewed about smoking. Forty-one per cent of the males and 29% of the females
      aged 16 years and over currently smoked cigarettes. Smoking rates for both sexes
      were highest in the 20 to 24 years age group. People in metropolitan areas smoked
      more than those in rural areas. There was a clear excess of smoking among British
      immigrants. Higher socioeconomic level was associated with lower smoking rates,
      with higher ex-smoking rates and with more frequent choice of low-tar brands. Low
      tar cigarrettes were used more where health education had emphasized the
      importance of tar content. Choice of brands among young smokers appeared related
      to the advertising strategies employed by cigarette companies. The majority of ex
      smokers over 60 years of age had given up more than five years previously.
      Although comparison with earlier surveys of smoking habits is difficult, the
      results suggested a decrease in cigarette smoking among males and a slight
      increase among females.

PMID- 1207581
TI  - Attitudes and smoking habits of Australian doctors.
AB  - In a national survey of 1,276 Australian doctors, information was obtained about
      their present smoking havits, any changes in their smoking habits, their opinions
      of the health risks associated with smoking, and the advice they gave to their
      patients about smoking. The results indicated that only 14% of doctors currently
      smoked cigarettes, and that, of all the doctors who were now ex-smokers, 72% had
      given up smoking more than five years before-most of them for health reasons.
      Most exressed a strong belief that smoking and ill health were associated and 63%
      encouraged their patients to give up smoking whenever possible.

PMID- 1207582
TI  - Enteric-coated L-dopa (prodopa). A new approach to L-dopa therapy in Parkinson's
      disease.
AB  - Seventeen patients treated for a mean period of 9-4 months with an enteric-coated
      form of L-dopa (Prodopa), obtained the usual spectrum of benefit as from
      conventional L-dopa. There was a significant dose-sparing effect with the use of
      the enteric-coated prepartion of the order of 40% to 50%, whilst reducing
      gastrointestinal side effects to a minimum, at the same time as achieving optimal
      clinicl benefit. Enteric-coated L-dopa appears to be a useful and welcome
      addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 1207583
TI  - Fascioliasis causing hepatitis in two eaters of water cress.
AB  - Fasciola hepatica infection of the liver in a husband and wife occurred after
      they had eaten water cress exposed to pollution by cattle. Diagnosis was a
      problem. Both responded to treatment with chloroquine and emetine. The
      epidemilology and pathology of infection of the liver by Fasciola hepatica are
      described. The danger of eating water cress is emphasized for this momentary
      delight may lead to a chronic debilitating illness.

PMID- 1207584
TI  - The tratment of non-specific urethritis.
AB  - The treatment of non-specific urethritis should aim at curing the individual,
      preventing reinfection and eliminating the pool of infection from the community.
      Tetracyclines, the rubber condom and sound advice are the basis of treatment.
      Many patients have symptoms that arise from anxiety and guilt rather than from
      infection, and this possibility calls for special consideration. It is emphasized
      that non-specific urethritis can be eliminated from our community by existing
      means. The favourable outlook merits an active and positive approach to
      treatment.

PMID- 1207585
TI  - Multidisciplinary health teams.
AB  - The medical profession needs to learn team skills and review its managerial
      functions in anticipation of increasing involvement with other health
      professionals in a team setting. Educatinal techniques for acquiring these skills
      are already available or are being developed for other organizations. Review of
      the traditional medical hierarchy and its legal implications, architecture of
      health institutions, medical records systems, and the selection of medical
      students are other areas for specific attention.

PMID- 1207586
TI  - The medical assessor and the invalid pension.

PMID- 1207588
TI  - Secialist recognition for the purposes of the health insurance act 1973-1975.

PMID- 1207587
TI  - The medical assessor and the invalid pension. Comment 2.

PMID- 1207589
TI  - Letter: His-bundle ECGs from the surface.

PMID- 1207590
TI  - Letter: Mycobacterial lymphadenitis.

PMID- 1207592
TI  - Letter: Folie a trois.

PMID- 1207591
TI  - Letter: Prophylactic use of gentamicin in colonic and rectal surgery.

PMID- 1207593
TI  - Letter: National standards for aerial rescue published in West Germany.

PMID- 1207594
TI  - [Proceedings: Pulmonary hemosiderosis and Goodpasture's syndrome].

PMID- 1207595
TI  - [Proceedings: Radiation induced fibroses].

PMID- 1207596
TI  - [Proceedings: Lung diseases caused by inorganic dust].

PMID- 1207597
TI  - [Proceedings: Round table discussion: Differential diagnosis and therapy of
      interstitial lung diseases].

PMID- 1207598
TI  - [Proceedings: Possibilities of mistakes in the determination of normal values
      based on biological variance].

PMID- 1207599
TI  - [Proceedings: Statistical problems in the determination of normal values and
      samples of findings].

PMID- 1207600
TI  - [Proceedings: Reference methods and plausibility problems in clinico-chemical
      measurements].

PMID- 1207601
TI  - [Proceedings: Normal values and samples of findings in gastrointestinal
      diseases].

PMID- 1207602
TI  - [Proceedings: Normal values and samples of findings in liver diseases].

PMID- 1207603
TI  - [Proceedings: Normal values and samples of findings in congenital and acquired
      coagulopathies].

PMID- 1207604
TI  - [Proceedings: Normal values and samples of findings in kidney diseases].

PMID- 1207605
TI  - [Proceedings: Normal values and samples of findings in diseases of the hypophysis
      and the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 1207606
TI  - [Proceedings: The artificial beta cell in experiment and clinical use].

PMID- 1207608
TI  - [Proceedings: The patient in danger of infection].

PMID- 1207607
TI  - [Proceedings: Round table discussion: Laboratory methods in preventive medicine].

PMID- 1207609
TI  - [Proceedings: Problem microorganisms].

PMID- 1207610
TI  - [Proceedings: Disorders of the regional myocardial perfusion- -morphological
      points of view].

PMID- 1207611
TI  - [Proceedings: Disorders of the regional myocardial perfusion- -functional points
      of view].

PMID- 1207612
TI  - [Proceedings: From epidemiology to prevention].

PMID- 1207613
TI  - [Proceedings: Anatomy of the coronary vessels and heart rhythm disorders].

PMID- 1207614
TI  - [Proceedings: Hemodynamic findings in coronary heart disease].

PMID- 1207615
TI  - [Proceedings: Radiological functional diagnosis in coronary heart diseases].

PMID- 1207616
TI  - [Proceedings: Limits of diagnostic possibilities].

PMID- 1207619
TI  - [Proceedings: Recent studies on headache].

PMID- 1207618
TI  - [Proceedings: Surgical treatment of coronary heart disease].

PMID- 1207617
TI  - [Proceedings: Indications for coronary surgery- -evaluation from a clinical view
      point].

PMID- 1207620
TI  - [Proceedings: Morphological equivalents in arrhythmias].

PMID- 1207621
TI  - [Proceedings: Electrophysiological equivalents in arrhythmias].

PMID- 1207622
TI  - [Proceedings: Capabilities of His-bundle electrography].

PMID- 1207624
TI  - [Proceedings: Atrio-ventricular conduction disorders].

PMID- 1207623
TI  - [Proceedings: Sinus bradycardia and sino-atrial conduction].

PMID- 1207625
TI  - [Proceedings: Clinical aspects and therapy of tachycardial arrhythmias including
      WPW-syndrome].

PMID- 1207627
TI  - [Proceedings: Pathophysiology of diffusion disorders in the lung].

PMID- 1207626
TI  - [Proceedings: Pathology and clinical aspects of interstitial lung diseases].

PMID- 1207628
TI  - [Proceedings: Radiological findings in interstitial lung diseases].

PMID- 1207629
TI  - [A contribution on diagnostic and therapy of myxoedema coma (author's transl)].
AB  - With special reference to diagnostic and therapeutic problems, a case of
      myxoedema coma with secondary hyperaldosteronism and raised LDH-concentration is
      described. The significance of different states of consciousness due to this
      endocrine disorder is pointed out with respect to the differential diagnosis and
      particularly to the clinical symptoms. In addition, experience with an
      intravenously administrable triiodothyronine compound is described and the
      different dosages previously mentioned in the leterature are discussed. The long
      interval of 5 weeks from the beginning of the therapy until the remission of the
      omatous state was surprising.

PMID- 1207630
TI  - [Ergometric findings depending on the severity and localization of coronary
      artery disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Ergometric and coronary angiographic findings were compared in 145 patients with
      proximal lesions of at least 50% of major coronary arteries. 75% of the patients
      had had a previous myocardial infarction. The following ergometric parameters
      occur most frequently in 3-vessel disease. (1) coronary insufficiency persisting
      after myocardial infarction, (2) ST-segment depression of at least 0.2 mV, (3)
      maximum exercise tolerance limited to less than 75 Watts. However, these
      parameters cannot predict 3-vessel disease with absolute certainty, nor can they
      exclude a single vessel disease. 3-vessel disease is not likely, if there is a
      maximum heart rate of 150 beats per minute or more. There were only slight
      differences between patients with 1-vessel disease and patients with 2-vessel
      disease. Patients who were limited at the 50 Watts level were found to have
      significant LAD disease, either alone or in combination with other vessels, with
      the exception of one patient.

PMID- 1207631
TI  - [Hemodynamics at rest and during exercise depending on severity and localization
      of coronary artery disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Left ventricular filling pressure and cardiac output (C.O.) were studied at rest
      and during exercise in 145 patients with severe coronary artery disease, i.e.
      narrowing of at least one major coronary artery of greater than or equal to 50%.
      95% of these patients had had a previous myocardial infarction. The most
      important findings are as follows: (1) Inappropriate C.O. at rest and during
      exercise indicates multiple vessel disease in most cases. (2) Marked increase of
      filling pressure during exercise indicates multiple vessel disease in most cases.
      (3) PCP during exercise is higher in patients with LAD disease (isolated or in
      combination with additional lesions), than in patients with RCA and/or left CX
      involvement.

PMID- 1207632
TI  - [Electrocardiographic changes in electrolyte inbalance. Part 2: Alterations in
      serum calcium (author's transl)].
AB  - 74 patients (hypocalcemia: 41 patients, hypercalcemia 13 patients, 20 patients as
      control) without heart disease were examined. A prolongation of the relative QT
      interval was found in 90% and a flat or inverted T-wave in 25% of the patients
      with hypocalcemia. In 77% of the patients with hypercalcemia the QT-interval was
      shortened. A good, clinically useful correlation between the QT-interval and the
      serumcalcium-concentration could be established in patients with hypo- and hyper
      calcemia.

PMID- 1207633
TI  - [Orthostatic syndrome in old age. Frequency and therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Largely confirmed Caird's figures. Using Schellong's test we recorded systolic
      pressure falls of 20 mm Hg and more in 25% of 160 residents in an old people's
      home in the age range 59-88 years. These cases of circulatory dysregulation were
      all manifestations of the hypodynamic form of the orthostatic syndrome. This
      means that only systolic blood pressure fell, diastolic pressure as well as heart
      rate being largely unaffected. The phenomenon appears to be due to age-related
      deterioration in circulatory regulation; at least no evidence has been found to
      suggest that it has a specific aetiology. In a double-blind cross-over study the
      effect of dihydroergotamine (DHE) was compared to placebo in 40 patients. Half
      the patients were given 2 mg DHE three times daily for 14 days and the other half
      placebo tablets; following one week's wash-out, the treatments were then reversed
      for a further 2-week period. Schellong's test (measurement of blood pressure and
      pulse after 10 minutes in the supine position and then after 1, 2, 5 and 10
      minutes standing) was performed at the beginning and end of each treatment
      period. The average falls in upright systolic pressure for all 40 patients were
      as follows: before treatment 20 mm Hg, end of placebo periods 19 mm Hg, end of
      DHE periods 7 mm Hg. The differences between the values recorded after treatment
      with DHE and the other 2 values are statistically significant.

PMID- 1207634
TI  - [Alterations in blood- and plasma-viscosity of patients with risk-factors
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a series of tests, performed on patients with the risk-factors smoker and
      adiposity, a comparison with normal persons revealed a statistically significant
      hyperviscosity in plasma and whole blood for smokers and overweight patients.
      When both risk-factors occurred simultaneously, the blood- and plasma-viscosity
      displayed a distinctly additive increase. Furthermore, female patients taking
      contraceptives showed a significantly increased plasma- and blood-viscosity when
      comparing them with a group of normal persons. In a group of pregnant women,
      hyperviscosity could not be secured statistically.

PMID- 1207635
TI  - [Serial puncture of lymphnodes. Simultaneous occurrence of chronic lymphatic
      leukemia and malignant lymphoma with cytologic picture of Hodgkin's disease
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of the rare coexistence of chronic lymphatic leukemia and a malignant
      lymphoma with cytological picture resembling that of Hodgkin's disease is
      described. The simultaneous occurrence makes the transition from one disease to
      the other rather doubtful. The author's conclusion is therefore, that it is a
      coinciding, simultaneous incidence of two different malignant diseases of the
      lymphatic system. The reader's attention is also drawn to the valuable diagnostic
      method of serial puncture of lymphnodes.

PMID- 1207636
TI  - [The limits of medicine. Is there an way out from the structure-crisis of
      medicine?].

PMID- 1207637
TI  - [Forearm and digital blood flow after arteriovenous anastomosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Forearm and digital blood flow were measured by venous occlusion plethysmography
      in 7 patients with terminal renal failure before and 8 days after surgically
      created arterio-venous end-to-end fistula similar to the method of Brescia and
      Cimino. The forearm blood flow rose significantly from 3.30 +/- 1.75 to 6.98 +/-
      4.74 ml/min - 100 ml. Total forearm blood flow increased from 32.9 +/- 16.8
      ml/min to 69.8 +/- 45.8 ml/min. Digital blood flow was not significantly altered.
      The relatively low fistula flow was due to the early postoperative measurement
      since it increased later.

PMID- 1207638
TI  - [Angina abdominalis: Clinical findings and therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Angiographic and clinical findings of angina abdominalis are demonstrated by the
      clinical course of four patients. Two of them suffered from athero-sclerotic
      stenosis and the remaining two from compression of the coeliac trunc respectively
      the upper mesenteric artery by fibrotic strings. One patient was treated by an
      interposition of a saphenous vein graft another one by tissue decompression. Two
      patients were not operated upon, because one of them had sufficient collateral
      circulation on angiography, and the other denied an operation, he died one year
      after diagnosis because of an occlusion of the coeliac trunc and the upper
      mesenteric artery with following gangrene of the small and large intestine.
      Danger of complete intestinal necrosis following arterial vessel occlusion as
      well as reconstructive operative procedures on arterial occlusion should be
      considered.

PMID- 1207639
TI  - [The principles of modern hemodialytic treatment].

PMID- 1207640
TI  - [Comment on E. Heilmann: Med. Klinik 68 (1973), 1042: Diurnal changes of the
      serum iron level and the iron binding capacity in various diseases].

PMID- 1207641
TI  - [The importance of the laboratory in the search for risk factors].

PMID- 1207642
TI  - [Automation in the laboratory of the medium and small hospital].

PMID- 1207643
TI  - [Occupational allergies].

PMID- 1207644
TI  - [Can gall stones be dissolved within the body? A large study series is planned
      for the evaluation of this therapy].

PMID- 1207645
TI  - [Changes in laboratory findings due to changes in posture].

PMID- 1207646
TI  - [Biochemical bases and epidemiology of perinatal diagnosis].

PMID- 1207647
TI  - [Serum insulin level and blood glucose concentration during various stress tests
      for the determination of a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 1207648
TI  - [Pharmacotherapeutic possibilities in obesity].

PMID- 1207649
TI  - [Thoughts on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia on the basis of morphological findings].

PMID- 1207650
TI  - [Is sympathectomy still useful? The therapy of disorders of the peripheral
      arterial blood supply].

PMID- 1207651
TI  - [Clinical aspects and prognosis of skull impression fractures].

PMID- 1207652
TI  - [The temporal arteritis as a current disease syndrome].

PMID- 1207653
TI  - [Hypercorticism and Cushing syndrome].

PMID- 1207654
TI  - [The chronic constipation].

PMID- 1207655
TI  - [The eosinophilic bone granuloma].

PMID- 1207657
TI  - [Bridgework between psychology and science].

PMID- 1207658
TI  - [Stomach carcinoma. Pathohistogenesis, early carcinoma and classification].

PMID- 1207656
TI  - [Medicine and surgery in Munster from 1749-1849].

PMID- 1207659
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of coordination disorders in childhood].

PMID- 1207660
TI  - [Death in the street. Review of literature - II].

PMID- 1207661
TI  - [Gallbladder perforation].

PMID- 1207662
TI  - Expansion program increases services for patients at Ellis Fischel State Cancer
      Hospital.

PMID- 1207663
TI  - Invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 1207664
TI  - Cancer control: intervention or prevention?

PMID- 1207666
TI  - Colposcopy.

PMID- 1207665
TI  - Screeing asymptomatic women for breast cancer.

PMID- 1207667
TI  - Host factor for coliphage Qbeta RNA replication is present in Pseudomonas putida.
AB  - Host Factor (HF)1, is a 12000 molecular weight polypeptide that is found in
      uninfected Escherichia coli and is required as a hexamer along with Qbeta
      replicase for in vitro replication of Qbeta phage RNA. It has recently been found
      to be associated with ribosomes and to bind tightly to poly(A). We report here
      the identification and purification of HF from Pseudomonas putida. HF can be
      detected in crude extracts by both functional activity in the Qbeta RNA
      replication assay and by immunodiffusion with antibody made against E. coli HF.
      HF from E. coli and P. putida chromatograph similarly on DEAE-cellulose and
      phosphocellulose. They have similar but not identical molecular weights as judged
      by SES-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Like E. coli HF, P. putida HF was
      found to be associated with ribosomes and to bind tightly to poly(A).
      Furthermore, the pure protein from P. putida has full funcitonal activity in the
      in vitro Qbeta RNA replication assay. The findings that HF has been conserved
      during evolution, is associated with ribosomes, and binds poly(A), suggest that
      HF may be an important translational element in uninfected cells and that its
      role involves an interaction with RNA.

PMID- 1207668
TI  - Effect of S-adenosylhomocysteine and S-tubercidinylhomocysteine on transfer
      ribonucleic acid methylation in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes.

PMID- 1207669
TI  - Effects of poly(9-vinyladenine) and poly(1-vinyluracil) on messenger ribonucleic
      acid template activity.

PMID- 1207670
TI  - Effects of edrophonium, eserine, decamethonium, d-tubocurarine, and gallamine on
      the kinetics of membrane-bound and solubilized eel acetylcholinesterase.

PMID- 1207671
TI  - The stimulation of cathecholamine release from chromaffin granules by
      valinomycin.

PMID- 1207672
TI  - The molecular components of nitrofurantoin critical to its inhibitory effect upon
      platelet aggregation.

PMID- 1207673
TI  - Displacement of serotonin from its adenosine triphosphate complex by tricyclic
      antidepressant drugs in vitro.

PMID- 1207674
TI  - The characterization of two specific drug binding sites on human serum albumin.

PMID- 1207676
TI  - [Craniocerebral injuries. Part I: diagnosis].

PMID- 1207675
TI  - Purification of liver microsomal cytochrome P-448 from 3-methylcholanthrene
      treated rabbits.

PMID- 1207677
TI  - [Craniocerebral injuries. Part II: indications for surgery and surgical
      technics].

PMID- 1207678
TI  - [Conservative treatment of closed craniocerebral injuries].

PMID- 1207679
TI  - [Driver's licenses after neurosurgery].

PMID- 1207681
TI  - [Studies after tourniquet ischemia. I. Behavior of thrombocyte count and
      fibrinogen after 3 hours tourniquet ischemia in the extremities in splenectomized
      and non-splenectomized dogs].

PMID- 1207680
TI  - [Thoraco-abdominal injuries and bone fractures in the battered child syndrome].

PMID- 1207682
TI  - [Studies on tourniquet ischemia. II. The effect of the spleen and a fracture on
      blood cell aggregation, ATP content and free fatty acids after 3 hours tourniquet
      ischemia in the extremities of dogs].

PMID- 1207683
TI  - [The traumatically caused instability of the thumb metacarpal joint. Report on 2
      cases].

PMID- 1207684
TI  - [The subcutaneous infection of the volar surface of the hand. Classification and
      surgical treatment].

PMID- 1207685
TI  - [Experiences with the treatment of femoral neck fractures by means of Pohl's
      screws].

PMID- 1207686
TI  - [Treatment of pertrochanteric femoral fractures using an angular plate].

PMID- 1207688
TI  - [Experiences with percutaneous intramedullary fixation of pertorchanteric
      fractures using Ender's elastic round nails].

PMID- 1207687
TI  - [Compound osteosynthesis in pertrochanteric fractures. Indication, technic,
      results].

PMID- 1207689
TI  - [Condyle-nailing using Kuntscher's method in pertrochanteric fractures:
      indication, technic, results].

PMID- 1207691
TI  - [Strength values of the Lezius' nail].

PMID- 1207690
TI  - [Lezius' nailing pertrochanteric fractures. Indications, technic, results in 683
      cases].

PMID- 1207692
TI  - [Intranuclear particles in a patient with chronic aggressive hepatitis treated by
      immunosuppression].
AB  - After an acute HbsAg-positive transfusion hepatitis the patient--a 40 years old
      women--remained seropositive. Later a chronic aggressive hepatitis have
      developed, which could be evidenced by histological findings. On the electron
      microphage in the nucleus of liver cells ring-shaped particules 20--25 nm in
      diameter were revealed. They consisted of granula 2--3 nm in diameter. These
      particules are considered to represent so called virus-nuclei (core of the virus
      B of hepatitis) and to play a pathogenic role. These particules are commonly
      present and easily found. The great number of them--according to author's opinion
      -can be explained by the effect of immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 1207693
TI  - [Peculiar changes in the mitochondrial structure of human glandular cells of
      adenocarcinoma of the uterine mucosa].
AB  - Author observed peculiar alterations in the structure of mitochondria of
      glandular cells of adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Majority of the
      mitochondria reveal some lesions, but at the same time in some of them
      hyperplasia of the crystae and membranes could be observed. In another group of
      mitochondria rearrangment of the intracrystal fissures leads to the formation of
      a "honey-comb" structure. What factors lay in the base of these alterations are
      as yet unknown. To clear they function further investigations are needed.

PMID- 1207694
TI  - [Ultrastructure of human yolk sac].
AB  - The yolk-sac of a 15 mm and 20 mm long human embryo was investigated by the aid
      of electron microscope. Ultrastructure of the yolk-sac and that of the precursors
      of haemopoietic cells is described. The latter have been found to have a close
      correlation with endodermal cells.

PMID- 1207695
TI  - [Permeability of post-ischemic aortic wall in rats].
AB  - Examinations were carried out in order to reveal details of process of the
      permeability damage, its degrea and fate of the plasma-substances getting into
      the vessel all. Abdominal aorta has been cross-clapped for one hour by the aid of
      a double ligature. In a recirculatory period from 1 hour to 10 days material
      serving for labeling of the plasma has been determined in the vessel using
      histochemical and microchemical methods. Colloidal iron was administered to
      animals one hour before removing the aorta. The highest quantity of colloidal
      iron in the aortic wall could be revealed after 24--48 hours of recirculation. By
      the 10th day the vessel wall contained physiological iron quantity. Colloidal
      iron administered on the second day of recirculation--when damage to permeability
      is most marked--in the early phase could be seen in the whole aortic wall. By the
      7th day it could be detected only in the outer part of media and in the
      adventitia. Endothelium inhibits the flow of plasma-substances into the vessel
      wall, when they got through it, only elastic lamina form a temporary mechanical
      obstacle for transfusion.

PMID- 1207696
TI  - [Effect of transient hypoxia on the permeability of rat aorta. Electron
      microscopic study].
AB  - Infrarenal part of the abdominal aorta in rats was closed out from the
      circulation by the aid of a doubled ligature. Changes of the permeability at
      different intervals after recirculation were investigated using colloidal iron as
      a labelling substance. The latter in an hour after recirculation could already be
      detected in the interendothelial junction and in the subendothelial space. The
      lesion of the permeability was most striking on the second day, and on the tenth
      day no more lesion could be observed. Increase of the permeability of the
      endothelium was paralelly followed by an inhibition of the media, which leads to
      significant ultrastructural changes.

PMID- 1207697
TI  - [Fluorescence study of X and Y chromatin in frozen sections].
AB  - Chinacrine fluorescence of the Y chromatin in histological sections is a useful
      tool for determination of nuclear sex. Nuclei of fibroblasts and smooth muscle
      cells seems to be most suitable for this investigation. Tissue specimens should
      be fixed for 5 minutes in hot formalin. Frequency of the Y chromatin in frozen
      sections of male origin was found to be 38--70 per cent, in paraffin embedded
      sections 28--44 per cent. It seems likely, that paraffin decreases chinacrin
      binding capacity of the Y chromatin. Frequency of the Barr-body in tissue
      specimens of female origin was found to be similar both in frozen and paraffin
      embedded sections. For the investigation of X and Y chromatin in tissue sections
      the technique of frozen sections should be used.

PMID- 1207698
TI  - [Current problems of the differential diagnosis between live birth and
      stillbirth].
AB  - Data of the literature concerning of the livebirth and still-birth are reviewed.
      Pulmonal fluid formation in human lately has been prooved. At intrauterine
      asphyxia CO2 is deliberated causing distension of the alveoli and respiratory
      bronchioli. These changes have to be taken into consideration at evaluation of
      histological findings in the lung of newborn. Results of the newer observations
      can not yet be used for the differential diagnosis of live-birth and still-birth,
      since the validity of them is not yet prooved by practice.

PMID- 1207699
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic study of human bronchial mucosa under normal and
      pathological conditions].
AB  - Scanning electronmicroscopic picture of the normal human bronchial mucosa and
      alterations of it in chronic bronchitis are described. According to the author's
      findings in chronic bronchitis the regular arrangement of cilia disappears, the
      number of them decreases and they become shortened with a club-like formation on
      the end. Focal destruction of the cilia can also be seen. In the epithelium of
      the mucosa number of the cells without cilia increases. This is a consequence of
      the destruction of the cilia on one hand, and increase of the number of mucus
      secreting goblet cells on the other. Alterations of the bronchial mucosa in
      chronic bronchitis revealed by scanning electron microscopy may play an important
      part in the pathogenesis and persistence of chronic bronchitis of different
      origine.

PMID- 1207700
TI  - [Experimental study of the hepatotoxic effect of toluol. II. Electron microscopic
      and electron histochemical studies].
AB  - The hepatotoxic effect of the analitically pure toluol and a toluol neing used in
      the Chemical Factory "Tiszai" was investigated. Single toxic and various subtoxic
      doses of toluol were administered intraperitoneally and subeutaneously to male
      rats of CFY. The liver of the animals was investigated by the aid of electron
      microscope. It was established that large doses of toluol lead to the decrease of
      glycogen content and increase of the number of mitochondria in the hepatic cells.
      Numerous dividing mitochondria were also observed, with a great deal of matrix
      graules. Electronhistochemical demonstration of the activity of succinic
      dehydrogenase does not reveal any difference between the liver of experimental
      and control animals. As an effect of small doses of toluol degenerative changes
      enlargement of the cysternae of the endoplasmatic reticulum, separation of
      ribosomes, increase of the number of autophag-vacuola-could be seen. The
      degenerative changes occurred only in a part of the hepatic cells which appeared
      to be distributed randomly in the liver lobules. Authors assume that lesions
      revealed are of reversible type.

PMID- 1207701
TI  - [Scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopic studies on post
      ischemic endothelial lesions following recirculation].
AB  - The vessel wall endothelial surface was studied after recirculation for various
      periods following a transitory hypoxia. The acute changes consisted of a partial
      or total destruction of the endothelium in certain areas. Later on the
      regeneration (division and process formation) of endothelial cells took place to
      cover the damage areas. These events were demonstrated by both transmission and
      scanning electron microscopy. In case of severe vessel damaged also the
      subendothelial matrix, the collagen- and elastic fibres as well as the stomata
      were set free. Blood cells anchored to these areas were also overgrown later by
      endothelium. The restitution was practically complete in 10 days when only some
      small endothelial processes had shown the previous regenerative activity. In
      spite of the extensive damages to the endothelium no occluding thrombus-formation
      was seen. The phagocytes functioned only in removing debris and the thrombocytes
      in facilitating endothelial overgroth.

PMID- 1207702
TI  - [Functional morphology of the odontoblast cell].
AB  - The most highly differentiated cells of the dental pulp - odontoblasts, taken
      from normal and carious teeth of persons of various age groups were investigated
      by the aid of electron microscope. Aim of the investigation to determine the
      relationship between the fine structure and function. Ultrastructural
      investigation shows that odontoblasts beside the 1) production of dentin take
      part in the 2) transport of substances and 3) tissue fluids. In the beginning and
      continuous promoting of the 4) crystallization of the enamel layers odontoblasts
      play a role of a border-surface which provide a necessary concentration 5) On the
      end part of nerve fibres they may function as supporting cells (replacement of
      the Schwann-cells). 6) When pathological processes present (caries) the
      ultrastructure shows cell-activity of defence type.

PMID- 1207703
TI  - [Morphological and toxicological studies of experimental diquat poisoning].
AB  - Lesions caused by a single subtoxic dosis of diquat were studied in rats. After
      the administration of diquat on the first day it was revealed in highest
      concentration in the lung, but in two weeks no traces of the drug could be
      demonstrated. On the first and third day activity of peroxidase in the liver and
      the number of peroxisomes as well significantly increases. On the first day after
      the administration of diquat in the lung damage to the surfactanct and increase
      of the capillary permeability was observed. Later degenerative changes of the
      pneumocytes I and II type, focal haemorrhagic edema and presence of alveolar
      macrophages can be revealed. In two and in four weeks a slight pulmonary fibrosis
      remains to show the damage to the lung. In kidney tubular lesions of toxic
      origin, in the phase of the regeneration increase of the number of lyosomes could
      be revealed. On the basis of this study and the data of other authors the
      possible mechanism of the intoxication with diquat is discussed.

PMID- 1207704
TI  - [Capillary fluorescence in brain smears].
AB  - A histochemical technique for the detection of catecholamines accumulated by
      endothelial cells of the capillaries of rat brain after L-DOPA treatment is
      reported. The main point is to obtain smaers from the cut surface of the brain
      without damage to the capillaries. Catecholamine raction in the latter, then
      should be examined by the Fakk's technique. The method described is very quick
      and gives an exact localization of catecholamines accumulated in the wall of the
      cerebral cpaillaries. It is a useful tool for the investigation of the
      monoaminoerg brain-blood barriere.

PMID- 1207705
TI  - [Congenital neck teratoma].
AB  - A case of the congenital teratoma of the neck, detected at the autopsy of a
      stillborn baby is reported. In the Hungarian literature similar case has not yet
      been reported. Morphology of the tumour questions of its biological nature are
      discussed. Clinical symptoms are also rewieved. Surgical removal of the teratoma
      of the neck gives very good results.

PMID- 1207706
TI  - Mutagenesis in cultured human diploid cells. III. Induction of 8-azaguanine
      resistant mutations by furylfuramide.
AB  - Trans-2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (furylfuramide: FF or AF2) was
      tested for ability to induce 8-azaguanine (8AG) resistant mutations in cultured
      human diploid cells. FF had a relatively severe cytotoxic effect on the cells.
      From the concentration-survival curve, the D0 value for 2-h treatment with FF was
      estimated to be 11 mug/ml. When cells were treated with FF at various
      concentrations for 2 h, cultured in normal medium for 48 h, and then selected in
      medium containing 8AG at 30 mug/ml, the induced mutation frequency increased
      gradually with increase in concentration of FF. When cells were treated with FF
      at 10 mug/ml for 2 h, cultured in normal medium for various periods of mutation
      expression time, and selected with 8AG at 30 mug/ml, the highest induced mutation
      frequency was obtained with 48 h of mutation expression time. Microscopic
      examination of the numbers of cells in colonies indicated that the total number
      of cells increased by half during this mutation expression time of 48 h.

PMID- 1207707
TI  - Mutagenesis in cultured human diploid cells. IV. Induction of 8-azaguanine
      resistant mutations by phloxine, a mutagenic red dye.
AB  - Disodium 9-(3',4',5',6'-tetrachloro-o-carboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-2,4,5,7-tetrabromo
      3-isoxanthone (phloxine), a red dye used as a food additive, was tested for its
      activity to induce 8-azaguanine (8AG) resistant mutations in cultured human
      embryonic cells. Phloxine had a severe cytotoxic effect on the cells at
      concentrations of 1 to 10 mug/ml. At concentrations of more than 30 mug/ml of
      phloxine no further decrease in cell survival was found. This cytotoxic effect of
      phloxine was not dependent on the duration of treatment. After treatment with
      phloxine for 2 h division of cells in normal medium was inhibited for 120 h. When
      cells were treated with phloxine at various concentrations for 2 h, cultured in
      normal medium for 48 h, and then selected with 30 mug/ml of 8AG, an increase in
      the induced mutation frequency was found. This increase in mutation frequency was
      dependent on the concentration of phloxine used as a mutagen and treatment with
      100 mug/ml of phloxine increased the frequency to six times that in untreated
      cultures.

PMID- 1207708
TI  - Mutagenicity of dimethylnitrosamine to mammalian cells as determined by the use
      of mouse liver microsomes.
AB  - The mutagenicity of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) to mammalian cells was investigated
      using a metabolic activation system. Mutation from 8-azaguanine (8AG) sensitivity
      to resistance in FM3A cells, a cell line derived from C3H mouse mammary
      carcinoma, was found only in the presence of dimethylnitrosamine, mouse liver
      microsomes and cofactors. The different inducibility of the mutation was shown by
      the use of liver microsomes from different strains of mouse.

PMID- 1207709
TI  - The effect of methylated oxypurines on the size of newly-synthesized DNA and on
      the production of chromosome aberrations after UV irradiation in Chinese hamster
      cells.
AB  - A comparison has been made, in Chinese hamster cells, of the ability of various
      methylated oxypurines to inhibit post-replication repair of DNA after UV
      irradiation and to potentiate UV-induced chromosome aberrations. DNA synthesized
      in UV-irradiated cells contains gaps, which are subsequently sealed by a process
      termed post-replication repair. In rodent cells this process is inhibited by
      caffeine and its analogues. This has been quantitated by measuring the molecular
      weight of the DNA synthesized in UV-irradiated cells during a 4-h pulse-labelling
      period in the presence or absence of inhibitors--the lower molecular weight the
      greater the inhibition. Eight methylated oxypurines were tested; caffeine and
      chlorocaffeine were always the most potent inhibitors, tetramethyluric acid was
      inactive, and the other five derivatives (methoxycaffeine, ethoxycaffeine,
      paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline) had intermediate effects.
      Measurements of the potentiation of UV-induced chromosome aberrations showed that
      treatments with caffeine or chlorocaffeine again had the greatest effects,
      tetramethyluric acid and also theophylline had no potentiating activity, and
      methoxycaffeine was intermediate. This correlation between effects at the
      molecular and cytological levels is consistent with the hypothesis that the
      inhibition of post-replication repair by methylated oxypurines gives rise to the
      increased production of chromosome aberrations.

PMID- 1207710
TI  - Absence of acrosome: an efficient tool in mammalian mutation research.
AB  - Spermatozoa without acrosomes ("acrosomeless") have been qualitatively and
      quantitatively analysed in several strains of mouse. The frequency of these
      abnormal cells was fairly constant within the same strain, but increased with
      age, consanguinity and after treatment of mice at pre-meiotic stages with
      alkylating agents. From this behaviour, it is thought that these abnormal cells
      are true mutants which could be used in mutation research.

PMID- 1207711
TI  - Sister chromatid exchanges--a sensitive assay of agents damaging human
      chromosomes.
AB  - Sister chromatid exchange frequencies in human lymphocyte chromosomes are greatly
      increased by alkylating agents, but ionizing radiation has little if any such
      effect. Scoring these exchanges may provide a useful technique for exploring the
      mechanisms of chromosome breakage and repair.

PMID- 1207712
TI  - Prelimiminary evidence of the influence of caffeine concentration on modification
      of maternal repair of chromosome breaks induced by X-rays in the paternal genome
      of Drosophila.

PMID- 1207713
TI  - The mutagenic effect of triethylenemelamine (tem) on germ cells of male golden
      hamsters and guinea pigs.

PMID- 1207714
TI  - The non-induction of micronuclei by quinacrine.

PMID- 1207716
TI  - Some properties of the protease from Aspergillus terricola.
AB  - The protease from Aspergillus terricola (terrilytin) was isolated and purified by
      the ion exchange method and by gel chromatography. The data on its molecular
      weight, isoelectric point, N-terminal amino acids were described. The protease
      included polysaccharide which stabilized the enzyme activity under the storage
      and lyophylization. Polysaccharides isolated from different fungi and yeasts were
      found to stabilize and activate terrilytin rising the affinity of enzyme to
      substrate. Terrilytin was revealed to exhibit the thrombolytic effect and
      expressive affinity to the fibrin in comparison with other substrates of high and
      low molecular weight. The enzyme showed the antigenic activity. From immune
      rabbit sera 7S gamma-globulins inhibiting proteolysis of caseine and 19S gamma
      globulins activating the proteolysis of fibrin and fibrinogen by terrilytin were
      isolated by gel chromatography.

PMID- 1207717
TI  - The atmospheric fungal flora of the Athens metropolitan area.
AB  - In the research programme of the Department of Microbiology of the Athens
      University the nature of the mycological flora of the Athenian air was studied.
      The research took place during the calendar year 1971. The open air was sampled
      twice weekly from two observation stations. The open plate technique was used,
      Petri dishes containing Sabourand's agar being exposed for 15 minutes. A total of
      180 plates were exposed, and 1714 fungal colonies were isolated; these were
      subcultured and identified as follows: Alternaria alternata, Alternaria SP.
      (representing a common transitional form towards the genus Ulocladium),
      Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Chrysosporium SP.,
      Candida SP., Geotrichum SP., Mucor SP., Penicillium patulum, Pencillium SP.,
      Rhodotorula rubra, Saccharomyces SP., Streptomyces SP., Trichsporon SP. AND
      Ulocladium oudemansii. The genus Alternaria was most frequently isolated,
      representing 38% of the total colonies. Other genera occured in the following
      proportions: Penicillium 27%, Aspergillus 13%, Candida 9%, Rhodotorula 6% and
      Mucor 1%. Species of other genera accounted for 6% of colonies, including 4%
      which were classified as Mycelia Sterilia. It is of considerable interest that
      the most frequently isolated species are considered as allergens. An appropriate
      line of further investigations would appear to be the preparation of antigens,
      application of skin tests and classification of allergic reactions after relating
      laboratory findings to clinical observations.

PMID- 1207718
TI  - Relationship between the metereological conditions and the air-borne fungal flora
      of the Athens metropolitan area.
AB  - The statistical relationship between the metereological conditions and the
      population of the air-borne fungi of the Athens metropolitan area were
      considered. It was found that during autumn and winter the number of suspended
      microfungi was more than double that which occurred during spring and summer. The
      fungal content appeared to be correlated positively with humidity and negatively
      with terperature, although during the analysis of the six predominant genera some
      exceptions were found to the general form of the results.

PMID- 1207719
TI  - [Growth and sporulation of 6 species of Entomophthorales. II. Effect of various
      nitrogen sources].
AB  - Growth and sporulation of Entomophthora near obscura, E. destruens, E. near
      thaxteriana, E. virulenta, Basidiobolus ranarum and Conidiobolus osmodes were
      studied in solid synthetic media containing various nitrogen sources at 0,33 g
      N/liter. Thirty two nitrogen sources representing nitrates, ammonium salts, amino
      acids and protein hydrolysates were tested. E. near obscura did not grow on any
      medium. Protein hydrolysates, ammonium salts and ten of the sixteen amino acids
      tested were the best nitrogen sources for growth and resting spores production of
      the five other species.

PMID- 1207720
TI  - [Common presence on strawberries of ascospores of Byssochlamys nivea capable of
      producing patulin].
AB  - Tha auteurs have obtained a strain of Byssochlamys nivea from heat processed
      strawberries. The mold grown on synthetic media shows antibiotic properties. The
      metabolite responsible is patulin which has been purified and characterized.
      Several strains of B. nivea produced this mycotoxin. Patulin seems to be stable
      in strawberries juice.

PMID- 1207721
TI  - Observations of Microsporium canis with cryoscanning and scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - The observations of Microsporum canis with cryoscanning and scanning electron
      microscopy without fixation and dehydration were reported. In the former an
      almost native state was observed through showing some fuzzy outlines due to
      frost; in the latter it was shown that marked shrinkage and distortion had
      occured. There were many granules on the surface of the macroconidia though their
      function is uncertain.

PMID- 1207722
TI  - Zearalenol and 8'-hydroxyzearalenone from Fusarium roseum.
AB  - Fusarium roseum f. sp. gibbosum and F. roseum f. sp. semitectum were isolated
      from blighted culms of grain sorghum. Zearalenol and 8'-hydroxyzearalenone were
      produced by these isolates cultured on grain sorghum or cracked yellow field
      corn. Zearalenol is reported to have uterotropic activity and might be an
      important mycotoxin in sorghum.

PMID- 1207724
TI  - An experimental study on the vascular lesions caused by disturbance of
      microcirculation in the aortic wall. Influence of obstruction of the lymphatics
      in the aorta and periaortic tissues.

PMID- 1207723
TI  - A critical study of the taxonomic value of some tests of assimilation used for
      the classification of the sporogenous yeasts.
AB  - Six texts of assimilation used in the taxonomy of yeasts, (lactose, maltose,
      cellobiose, trehalose, melibiose, sucrose) have been critically tested by the
      examination of intracellular enzymic systems. The results obtained among the
      sporogenous species of Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces, Pichia, Hansenula,
      Debaryomyces indicate that cellobiose, lactose, maltose and trehalose tests no
      longer supply an important value for the speciation, because the number of
      cryptical osidases is so high.

PMID- 1207725
TI  - Electrophysiological study on colliculo-cerebellar pathway in cat.

PMID- 1207726
TI  - Gastric cancer: survival rates with special reference to "early gastric cancer".

PMID- 1207727
TI  - An epidemiologic study on congenital malformations in Nagoya.

PMID- 1207728
TI  - Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate
      agonist activity.
AB  - Enkephalin, a natural ligand for opiate receptors is composed of the pentapepides
      H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-OH and H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-OH. The evidence is based on
      the determination of the amino acid sequence of natural enkephalin by the dansyl
      Edman procedure and by mass spectrometry followed by synthesis and comparison of
      the natural and synthetic peptides.

PMID- 1207729
TI  - Optical resolution by chromatography at low temperature.

PMID- 1207730
TI  - Adaptive radiation in the subgenus Scaptodrosophila of australian Drosophila.

PMID- 1207731
TI  - Autonomous pigment movement in the radial pupil of locust ocelli.

PMID- 1207732
TI  - Effects of hyperthermia on rat embryos in culture.

PMID- 1207733
TI  - Enzyme variability in the protochordate amphioxus.

PMID- 1207734
TI  - Non-selective isolation, stability and longevity of hybrids between normal human
      somatic cells.

PMID- 1207735
TI  - Chromosomes aberrations induced in rat lymphocytes by N-nitroso compounds as a
      possible basis for carcinogen screening.

PMID- 1207736
TI  - Altered chromatin ultrastructure in neutrophils of schizophrenics.

PMID- 1207737
TI  - Surface charge modifications associated with proliferation and differentiation in
      neuroblastoma cultures.

PMID- 1207738
TI  - Generalised deficiency of cytochrome b5 reductase in congenital
      methaemoglobinaemia with mental retardation.

PMID- 1207739
TI  - Normal spermatozoa from androgen-resistant germ cells of chimaeric mice and the
      role of androgen in spermatogenesis.

PMID- 1207740
TI  - Electrical properties of "dark green" and "yellow" neurosecretory cells in the
      snail Lymnae stagnalis L.

PMID- 1207741
TI  - Prolongation of hippocampal inhibitory postsynaptic potentials by barbiturates.

PMID- 1207742
TI  - Betel nut constituents as inhibitors of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake.

PMID- 1207743
TI  - Genetic transfer of nitrogenase-hydrogenase activity in Rhodopseudomonas
      capsulata.

PMID- 1207745
TI  - Replication of human KB cell DNA after infection by adenovirus type 12.

PMID- 1207744
TI  - Perturbations in cell cycle progression from radioactive DNA precursors.

PMID- 1207746
TI  - Human fibrinogen possesses binding site for staphyococci on Aalpha and Bbeta
      polypeptide chains.

PMID- 1207747
TI  - Induced changes in gene conversion spectra.

PMID- 1207748
TI  - Conservation of cytoplasmic poly (A)-containing RNA in mouse and rat.
AB  - By comparing the melting temperature of DNA-DNA duplexes between related species,
      it is shown that total single-copy DNA evolves at a faster rate that DNA which is
      transcribed into poly (A)-containing RNA. Such a comparison suggests that at
      least 70% of rat single-copy DNA does not code for protein.

PMID- 1207749
TI  - Natural daylengths regulate insect seasonality by two mechanisms.

PMID- 1207750
TI  - Corpus allatum activity and wing determination in Megoura viciae.

PMID- 1207751
TI  - Reduced sperm motility in the isthmus of the rabbit oviduct.

PMID- 1207752
TI  - Nuclear transplantation in the rabbit egg.

PMID- 1207753
TI  - Migration and chemotaxis of anucleate cytoplasmic leukocyte fragments.

PMID- 1207754
TI  - Role of stem cell migration in initiation of mouse foetal liver haemopoiesis.

PMID- 1207755
TI  - Effect of tumour necrosis factor on cultured human melanoma cells.

PMID- 1207756
TI  - 4a(W4) and 4b(W6) human histocompatibility antigens are specifically associated
      with complement receptors.

PMID- 1207757
TI  - Identification of a new oncofoetal antigen associated with several types of human
      carcinomas.

PMID- 1207758
TI  - Corticosteroids inhibit prostaglandin production by rheumatiod synovia.

PMID- 1207759
TI  - Hydrocortisone inhibits prostaglandin production by mouse fibrosarcoma cells.

PMID- 1207760
TI  - New antisickling agent 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2h-1 benzopyran-6-butyric acid.

PMID- 1207762
TI  - Lithium accumulation by snail neurones measured by a new Li+-sensitive
      microelectrode.

PMID- 1207761
TI  - Tyramine activates the EEG in epileptic patients.

PMID- 1207763
TI  - Synergistic effect of caffeine on the cytotoxicity of ultraviolet irradiation and
      of hydrocarbon epoxides in strains of Xeroderma pigmentosum.

PMID- 1207764
TI  - Actin polymerisation induced by spectrin.

PMID- 1207765
TI  - Arrhenius parameters of phototransients in Halobacterium halobium in
      physiological conditions.

PMID- 1207766
TI  - Nanosecond flash photolysis of rhodopsin.

PMID- 1207768
TI  - Is maleic hydrazide a pyrimidine or purine analogue?

PMID- 1207767
TI  - Structural subunit in prisms of immature rat enamel.

PMID- 1207770
TI  - Letter: Latent tumour metastases.

PMID- 1207769
TI  - Letter: Lead levels in blood.

PMID- 1207771
TI  - Strategy and tactics of chemotherapeutic drug development.
AB  - Strategic approaches to generating chemotherapeutically active lead compounds are
      either empirical as in traditional synthetic programs or in the search for
      antibiotics; they are semiempirical as concerns the design of antimetabolites and
      more rational for the design of DNA-complexing drugs. The tactics of exploitation
      of active lead compounds in chemotherapeutic drug development involve molecular
      modification. This aims at either substances with greater activity and/or
      substances with improved pharmacokinetic parameters. From quantitative structure
      activity relationships one might extrapolate to members of a chemical series with
      improved pharmacokinetic properties. Scientific advances render chemotherapy
      research more predictive and, hence, less empirical.

PMID- 1207772
TI  - Premelanosomes in Melanophores of the Guppy Lebistes reticulatur Peters.

PMID- 1207773
TI  - [Glycine in synaptic vesicles of bovine cortex].

PMID- 1207774
TI  - Erythrocyte membrane antigenicity and intracellular peroxidatic reactions.

PMID- 1207776
TI  - [Nucleus extirpation of Ehrlich ascites and leukemia L-1210 tumor cells in
      suspension].

PMID- 1207775
TI  - [Bifasic course of collagen fiber elastic stretching].

PMID- 1207777
TI  - Sodium N-(cyclopentylmethyl)-sulfamate: a new synthetic sweetener.

PMID- 1207778
TI  - The isolation of 6-hydroxyhyocyamine from a Duboisia hybrid.

PMID- 1207779
TI  - A procedure to produce gnotobiotic calves by cesarean section.
AB  - An effective and economical method was developed for procuring and rearing calves
      in gnotobiotic conditions. To evaluate apparatuses and surgical techniques, three
      calves, 1 to 3, welf 1 was weak and pale at delivery and died within 5 hours
      after delivery. Calf 2 was delivered alive, but died from a human error at 3 days
      of age. It was free from demonstrable bacteria and fungi at that time. Calf 3 was
      also successfully delivered and raised. It was killed at 10 days of age, since
      fungi were isolated from the feces and waste materials from it.

PMID- 1207780
TI  - Five new species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) of the Nansei Islands.
AB  - Five new species of Culicoides of the Nansei Islands are described: C. sasai
      sp.n. from Amami-oshima Is., C. toshiokai sp.n. from Ishigaki Is., C.
      iriomotensis sp.n. from Iriomote Is., C. flavipunctatus sp.n. from Yonaguni Is.,
      and C. yaeyamaensis sp.n. from the latter three islands. C. toshiokai sp.n. and
      C. iriomotensis sp.n. are tree-hole breeders, such as C. dendrophilus Amosova,
      which is common in similar habitats extending from Okinawa to Honshu.

PMID- 1207781
TI  - Laboratory culture of Ixodes acutitarsus (Karsch, 1880).

PMID- 1207782
TI  - The different fatty acids composition of lecithins in the sarcoplasmic reticulum
      vesicles and the membranes of adrenal chromaffin granules.
AB  - Calcium transporting membranes of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and amine
      transporting membranes of chromaffin granules (AG) isolated from different animal
      species (ox, rabbit and rat) show similar values for their phospholipid phases
      (0.5 mumole phospholipids/mg protein). The AG-membranes, however, contain higher
      lysolecithin (LPC) (10 11%) than the SR-membranes (2-6%). In both types of
      membrane a characteristic distribution of fatty acids was found in the
      phosphatidylcholine (PC) fraction. In SR-membranes 18-carbon fatty acids are
      present in increasing order of unsaturation (18:0 less than 18:1 less than 18:2)
      and in AG-membranes in decreasing order (18:0 greater than 18:1 greater than
      18:2). The fatty acid composition of PCs specific of each membrane seems to be
      dependent on the presence of different endogenous lysolecithins and suggest a
      fatty acid turnover in both positions of the PC by the de- and re-acylation
      cycle. The importance in membranes function with regard to the Ca2+ transport of
      SR and the amine transport of AG membranes as related to the typical lipid phase
      is discussed.

PMID- 1207783
TI  - The acyltransferase activity of adrenal medulla and sacroplasmic reticulum of
      skeletal muscles.
AB  - The presence of acyl-CoA-lysolecithin-acyltransferase was studied in ox adrenal
      medulla fractionated by sucrose gradient centrifugation. The highest activity of
      this enzyme is localized in the microsomes and not in the membranes of chromaffin
      granules. Estimation of acyltransferase activity in fragments of sarcoplasmic
      reticulum (SR) from rabbit skeletal muscles before and after sucrose gradient
      centrifugation shows that in these membranes acyltransferase is a membrane bound
      enzyme. Both enzyme preparations transfer 18-carbon fatty acids in increasing
      order of unsaturation to 1-acyl-sn-glycer-3-phosphorylcholine (1-acyl-GPC) (18:0
      less than 18:1 less than 18:2) and in decreasing order to 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3
      phosphorylcholine (2-acyl-GPC) (18:0 greater than 18:1 greater than 18:2). For
      the acyltransferase present in ox adrenal medulla and fragments of sarcoplasmic
      reticulum, 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (1-acyl-GPE) is not a good
      acyl acceptor. The importance of acyltransferase in the de- and re-acylation
      cycle for the neogenesis of membranes-specific lecithin is discussed.

PMID- 1207784
TI  - Optical isomers of verapamil on canine heart. Prevention of ventricular
      fibrillation induced by coronary artery occlusion, impaired atrioventricular
      conductance and negative inotropic and chronotropic effects.
AB  - Effects of optical isomers of verapamil on the canine heart were measured with a
      pressure catheter in the left ventricle and with the electrocardiogram. 1. Both
      isomers of verapamil caused impaired atrioventricular conduction. slowed the rate
      of the sinus pacemaker and depressed the contractile state of the myocardium. (-)
      Verapamil was consistently more potent than (+)-verapamil in producing these
      effects. (-)/(+) potency ratios of 10 and 3 were estimated for atrioventricular
      blockade and for the negative chronotropic effect, respectively. 2. Negative
      inotropic effects of 0.06-2.0 mg/kg of (+)-verapamil were determined on hearts
      paced at constant rate. A similar dose-response relationship could not be
      established with (-)-verapamil because at concentration higher than 0.06 mg/kg
      the hearts did not follow the supraventricular driving stimulus. With doses of (
      )- and (+)-verapamil which produced the same slowing of the sinus pacemaker rate
      in spontaneously beating hearts, (-)-verapamil caused greater negative inotropic
      effects than (+)-verapamil. 3. The following doses of isomers of verapamil
      reduced the incidence of ventricular fibrillation induced by coronary artery
      ligation: 0.2 mg/kg (-)-verapamil (P less than 0.001), 0.6 mg/kg (-)-verapamil (P
      less than 0.001) and 0.6 mg (+)-verapamil (P less than 0.01). 4. Intravenous
      administration of CaCl2 to dogs treated with either isomer of verapamil restored
      the contractile state and reversed atrioventricular blockade to sinus rhythm. Dog
      ventricles under the influence of concentrations of isomers of verapamil which,
      with normal plasmatic Ca2+-content, prevent fibrillation, consistently
      fibrillated after coronary artery occlusion when high doses of CaCl2 were
      administered. 5. The effects of the optical isomers of verapamil may occur
      predominantly via a blockade of the slow inward Ca2+-current.

PMID- 1207785
TI  - Species differences in plasma binding and tissue uptake of 3H-digitoxin. A
      comparative study in rats and mice in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - The content of cardiac glycosides in plasma and several organs of rats and mice
      was investigated 30 min and 12 hrs after i.p. administration of 160 mug/kg b.w.
      3H-digitoxin. In rat plasma a glycoside concentration of 124.8 and 44.7 ng/ml
      resp. was found. The corresponding values in the liver were 834.7 and 579.7 ng/g
      w.w. An opposite liver/plasma distribution was obtained in mice: while in plasma
      772.5 and 571.8 ng/ml were recovered, the glycoside concentration in liver was
      relatively small (284.8 and 235.6 ng/g w.w.). In order to find out the reason for
      such species differences observed in vivo, liver slices of rats and mice were
      incubated with 3H-digitoxin in a medium with and without various plasma proteins.
      The uptake of 3H-digitoxin into liver slices was drastically reduced by adding
      mouse plasma or albumin to the medium, while rat plasma lowered the uptake far
      less. These differences are well reflected by binding studies on agargel
      electrophoresis: only in mouse plasma a binding of 3H-digitoxin could be
      demonstrated. The binding rate and binding constant analyzed by equilibrium
      dialysis were higher in mouse than in rat plasma. It is concluded that the lower
      tissue accumulation in mice compared to rats must be due to the affinity of 3H
      digitoxin to mouse plasma albumin. Moreover digitoxin has a higher affinity to
      the rat than to the mouse liver in the presence of mouse or rat plasma as well as
      of bovine serum albumin.

PMID- 1207786
TI  - Pupillometric studies in the beagle dog.
AB  - A method of measuring pupillary diameter in the dog using a Kowa RC-2 fundus
      camera, to which an eyepiece graticule had been fitted, is described. Pupil
      diameter was measured either directly by reading off from the calibrated
      graticule or from photographs. The pupillary diameters of 105 (53 male, 52
      female) untreated English beagles aged between 8 and 32 months were measured
      under light intensities of 150-200 lux and 1000-1400 lux. Mydriatic and miotic
      pupillary diameters were measured in 62 male and 80 female dogs. Time-effect
      curves were plotted for two groups of 5 beagles receiving 75 mug/kg or 175 mug/kg
      atropine and 100 mug/kg or 300 mug/kg propantheline intravenously. The dose
      effect curve for propantheline was found to be linear. A dose of 109 (97-121)
      mug/kg propantheline increased pupillary diameter by 3 mm, 20 min after
      administration. The time- and dose-effect curves, the significant sex differences
      and age dependency seen in this study indicate both a high degree of accuracy and
      the suitability of both of these methods for use in pharmacological and
      toxicological studies.

PMID- 1207787
TI  - [Delay behavior in patients with (breast)cancer].

PMID- 1207788
TI  - [Anemia; practical tips for diagnosis in general and for treatment of iron
      deficiency anemia particularly].

PMID- 1207789
TI  - [The activity of visual cortex neurons during alimentary and defensive behavior].
AB  - The reactions of the rabbit visual cortex neurons in response to conditioned
      light flashes were investigated during the process of repeated changes of the
      feeding behaviour to the avoidance one. It is demonstrated that one and the same
      flash evokes different responses of the same neuron while triggering different
      behaviour.

PMID- 1207790
TI  - [Physiologic mechanisms of the constancy of color perception].
AB  - The color constancy is the ability to recognize correctly the colours of the
      objects under different illuminations. For this purpose the visual system must
      identify the character of illumination and estimate the colour of the object,
      using the light reflected from this object according to the spectrum of
      illumination. The behavioral experiments with fishes showed that they possess the
      colour constancy. The electrophysiological studies on colour-coding ganglion
      cells showed that the simplest mechanisms of estimating the colours of objects
      according to illumination exist at the retinal level. The presence of colour
      vision facilitates the recognition of the volume form of the objects. The
      generally accepted view on the place and role of colour vision in the general
      function of the visual system of animals has to be changed on the basis of these
      facts.

PMID- 1207791
TI  - [Types of receptive field in the external geniculate body and its functional
      model].
AB  - The functional differences between receptive fields of types I and II of lateral
      geniculate nucleus were investigated in cat. Some characteristics of these fields
      are shown to coincide with transient (Y-type ) and sustanied (X-type) receptive
      fields. Receptive fields of type I possess a limited range for transmission of
      information on luminance, those of type II--a normal dynamic range (2 log. unit).
      The investigation of a dynamic functional model showed that type of the receptive
      field is determined by the depth of inhibition mediated through an interneuron.
      The depth of inhibition is larger in type I. Types I and II have different
      frequency characteristics. It is suggested that receptive fields of type I serve
      to transmit information on the shape of the image (spatial and time contrasts)
      and those of type II on luminance.

PMID- 1207792
TI  - [Image description at the level of the external geniculate body].
AB  - The responses of the receptive fields of the cat lateral geniculate body were
      investigated with a different position of the light stimuli in the receptive
      field. The stimuli were of the cross shape. On the basis of the obtained data the
      relief of excitation of the overlapping receptive fields was reconstructed. It is
      shown that at the level of the lateral geniculate body there exist a copy of the
      light stimuli. The description of the image is formed as a relief of excitation
      which changes in time. The magnitude of the excitation depends on the contrast of
      the stimuli.

PMID- 1207793
TI  - [Statistical characteristics of the background and evoked activity of cat
      superior colliculus neurons].
AB  - Background and evoked neuronal activity in the superior colliculus was studied in
      cats immobilized by galamine and in the encephale isole cats. Statistical
      parameters of the unit activity were calculated in the light and darkness and
      during stimulation with a moving light spot. Differentiation of background active
      neurons into the following four groups was suggested: the first group with a mean
      interval value about 300 ms, variation coefficient 1.9 and two peaks in the
      autocorrelation histogram, the second group with similar statistical parameters,
      however, differing in a presence of a correlation with saccade eye movements; the
      third group with a mean interval about 100 ms, variation coefficient 1.0 and an
      exponential distribution of intervals; the fourth group with the symmetrical type
      of interval histogram, a mean interval about 50 ms, variation coefficient 0.4-
      0.5. Only in the neurons of the second group significant difference was found in
      statistical parameters under light and dark conditions. Comparison of the
      statistical parameters of background activity and that, evoked by a moving light
      spot, testifies to be possibility of coding information on stimulus movement in
      the 3d and 4th groups of units.

PMID- 1207794
TI  - [Differences in the functional organization of the frog and cat visual centers].
AB  - Functional characteristics of neuronal responses of the frog tectum and the cat
      primary visual cortex were obtained under identical experimental conditions, the
      intensity and duration of flashes changing within the limits of 6 log. units. The
      comparison of the characteristics reveals a predominance of neurons with a short
      summation time and relatively lower thresholds in frogs, the response latencies
      being 5--7 times longer than those in cats. Nearly all the tectum units can react
      only to a very narrow range of photic energy different for different cells. In
      cats most cells react to changes in brightness within a range of 4--5 log. units;
      the units with a long summation time produce short latency responses with
      relatively higher thresholds. The revealed differences and comparison of various
      functional characteristics of neurons in the visual centre of both animals show
      that frogs possess fixed mechanisms of time and spatial interaction providing for
      the detection of stimulus brightness by means of inhibitory interaction of single
      units. In cats such interaction of neural populations and mutual inhibition
      between adjacent units of the visual cortex are not prominent. Complication and
      overlapping of interneuronal connections result in the convergence of day and
      night vision signals to one neuron and in the ability of single cells to react to
      the whole "working" light range used by the cat visual system.

PMID- 1207795
TI  - [The effect of acetylcholine on the membrane potential of goldfish retina
      horizontal cells and the frog electroretinogram].
AB  - The effect of acetylcholine was studied as applied to horizontal cells of the
      goldfish retina and frog electroretinogram ACh (1-10-9--1-10-3 M) depolarized the
      cells. The highest level of depolarization never reached the O-level of the
      membrane potential and was approximately equal to the membrane potential in the
      dark. ACh (1-10-2--5-10-2 M) inhibited b- and d-waves and revealed the stable
      PIII component. It is supposed that ACh may be a transmitter in retinal outer
      synpatic layer.

PMID- 1207796
TI  - [Morphologic types of bipolar cells identified by regular grids of their axonal
      varicosities in the inner synaptic layer of the clupeid retina].
AB  - A morphological structure of the inner plexiform layer in the acute vision area
      was studied in the retina of five Clupeidae species by a light microscope. It is
      shown that this layer is a three-dimensional regular grid formed by bulbous
      varicosities (synaptic complexes) of the axons of the bipolar cells. These
      varicosities arranged of different levels of the inner plexiform layer form
      mutually coordinated periodic grids differing in the orientation and periods. The
      analysis of this structure shows that not less than three types of bipolar cells
      take part in its organization.

PMID- 1207798
TI  - [Reactions of frog retinal rods to light].
AB  - The amplitude and shape of the rod photoresponses were investigated at different
      intensity, duration, wavelength and diameter of the light spot. Intracellular
      recordings were performed from the green and red rod outer sigments. An increase
      in the light intensity produced an increase in the amplitude and a decrease in
      the time rise of the response. An intensive light flash suppressed for a time the
      rod sensitivity to test flashes. At light spots of large diameter (100--1500 mum)
      delayed depolarizing deflection was observed. The latter was conditioned by
      illumination of receptor surroundings and, apparently, was due to horizontal
      cells activity. The possible role of the depolarizing effect of the rod
      surroundings illumination is discussed.

PMID- 1207797
TI  - [A microscopic study of the comparative morphology of the retina].
AB  - The cytoarchitecture layers and sublayers of the retina in pike, frog and cat are
      essentially different. The sublayers of internal granular layers 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d
      in these species differ qualitatively and quantitatively. The dendrites of
      ganglion cells and branches of amacrine cells are greatly laminated in the frog
      retina due to a complex stratification of the inner plexiform layer (about 10
      sublayers). In all the vertebrates studied the ganglion cells are of two main
      types; symmetrical and asymmetrical with many variations. Asymmetrical amacrine
      cells are found in the pike and frog retina. The existence of vertical branches
      of amacrine cells in the outer plexiform layer in the cat retina is confirmed.
      The morphological features of the retina are discussed from the view point of
      physiological facts.

PMID- 1207799
TI  - [The relationship between strength and the amplitude of evoked response
      components in the human somatosensory cortex].
AB  - The intensity curves were determined for the individual components of the human
      somatosensory evoked response, led off from the contra and ipsilateral motor and
      contralateral visual areas. The amplitude of the early components steeply
      increased, reached "saturation" and decreased with more intensive stimuli, their
      peak latencies being constant. The late components were characterised by
      continuous increase of amplitude, and the decrease of peak latencies for the
      lowest part of the curve. The responses in both frontal regions were identical,
      while those from the frontal and posterior leads were significantly different.
      The obtained data indicate a marked difference between mechanisms producing
      individual components of the evoked response.

PMID- 1207800
TI  - [The effect of temperature changes on evoked potentials of the fish olfactory
      bulb].
AB  - Perches were kept at 10 degrees C and fixed in a chamber through which water was
      perfused. During the experiment the water temperature was changed. The potentials
      induced by electric stimulation of the olfactory nerve were recorded from the
      dorsal surface of the olfactory bulb. The oscillations of the evoked potentials
      separated into several components when the temperature was lowered. Six
      components were found in the evoked response of the olfactory bulb at 8 degrees
      C.

PMID- 1207801
TI  - [Correlation of potentials evoked by tones and clicks during simultaneous
      recording from many points in the auditory cortex of awake cats].
AB  - In unanaestheized cats the vooked potentials to various tones and clicks er
      simultaneosly recorded at 7 auditory and 1-2 somatosensory cortical points. The
      comparions of the evoked potentials to pure tones of equal lodness ranging from
      250 to 7000 Hz showed no common cortical tonotpic distribuion. However there is
      an individual dependence of the potential components on the soung pitch and
      location of the recording point in the auditory cortex. The knonwn evoked
      poteintial dependence on sound intensity was confirmed and more developed
      regularity of this relation was revelead. With a change in sound intensity the
      absoulte and relative mangnitude alterations in all the potential components were
      observed...

PMID- 1207802
TI  - [Responses of neurons in the SI zone during a defensive conditioned reflex to
      sound].
AB  - Responses of single neurons in the primary projection zone of the somatosensory
      cortex to conditioned and electrocutaneous reinforcing stimuli were investigated
      in chronic experiments on cats with a preliminary developed sound conditioned
      defensive reflex. Five types of neuronal responses to reinforcing stimulus during
      application of combination were separated; such differentiation was impossible
      for neuronal responses appearing in the place of the absent reinforcing stimulus.
      A comparison of neuronal spike activity with the conditioned movement reaction
      revealed strict correlation between these processes. The conditioned movement
      reaction usually preceeded the conditioned neuronal response.

PMID- 1207803
TI  - [Responses of squirrel visual cortex neurons to patterned visual stimuli].
AB  - The responses of visual cortical neurons to patterned visual stimuli were studied
      in squirrel Sciurus vulgaris. The direction selective, orientation-selective and
      non-selective neurons were observed. Most direction-selective and non-selective
      neurons were sensitive to high speeds of stimulus movement--hundreds deg/s. The
      direction-selective neurons exhibited their selectivity at such high speeds in
      spite of the short time of the stimulus movement through the receptive field.
      Orientation-selective neurons (with simple or complex receptive fields) were
      sensitive to lower speeds of the stimulus movement (tens deg/s). Some mechanisms
      of the properties described are discussed.

PMID- 1207804
TI  - [The role of polymodal synaptic influences in the formation of temporary
      connections in the microsystems of association cortex neurons].
AB  - Significance of various sensory convergence of the neuronal activity was
      investigated in unanaesthetized cats in the process of elaboration of time
      connections. The elaboration of time connection was realized after studying
      neuronal responses elicited by the direct electrical or sensory stimulation
      (light, sound, tactile and proprioceptive stimulation). 42 per cent of all
      neurons and about 90 per cent of learned cells were found to be polysensory in
      the investigated cortex. The data obtained are considered from the standpoint
      position of the hypothesis on the microsystem principle of organization
      underlying time connection and convergence.

PMID- 1207805
TI  - [The effect of adrenaline and adrenal desympathization on cerebral convulsive
      activity].
AB  - The influence of adrenalin and bilateral adrenal desympathization on the seizure
      activity of the brain caused by dorsal hippocampal electric stimulation was
      studied in adult cats. It is shown that within some days of adrenal bilateral
      desympathization the threshold of hippocampal epileptogenic stimulation fells and
      the duration of the seizure action grows. Intravenous injection of adrenalin
      causes an increase in the effectiveness of the hippocampal epileptogenic
      stimulation. Injection of small doses of adrenalin into the mesencephalic
      reticular formation causes suppression of the evoked seizure activity: the
      threshold of hippocampal epileptogenic stimulation increases and duration of
      seizure discharges reduces. It is assumed that one of the main factors limiting
      the seizure activity of the brain is the enrichment of the circulating blood with
      adrenalin.

PMID- 1207806
TI  - [Functional interrelationships of the structures of the limbic system during
      initiation of seizure activity].
AB  - A functional epileptogenic focus was created by repeated electrical stimulation
      of the limbic structures activated by the conditioned sensory stimulus. Seizure
      activity in response to the conditioned stimulus was observed only in the
      hippocampus though other limbic structures were also stimulated. After bilateral
      electrolytic lesion of the septum no highly synchronized seizure activity was
      observed in response to the conditioned signal. In this case spontaneous high
      amplitude activity was found. These observations permit suggesting that the
      hippocampus plays the role of an initiator of the seizure activity, whereas the
      functional connection between the septum and hippocampus promotes its final
      synchronization.

PMID- 1207807
TI  - [Efferent connections of the caudate nucleus in cats].
AB  - The structural and ultrastructural changes in the frontal cortex and globus
      pallidus were investigated after local or extensive destructions of the caudate
      nucleus. Using the Fink-Heimer method few degenerating fibres of medium and small
      sizes were observed in the frontal cortex following the local destruction of the
      caudate nucleus with preliminary implanted electrodes (2-16 months prior to
      electrolytic destruction). The extensive destruction of the caudate nucleus
      without preliminary implanted electrodes is accompanied by mass degeneration of
      fibres with different calibre in the frontal cortex. Light and electron
      microscopy of the globus pallidus confirmed the existence of thin degenerating
      axons 0.5-0.6 mum in diameter after the local lesion of the caudate nucleus.
      Degenerating changes in axo-dendritic and axo-somatic terminals of the pallidal
      region occur by "dark" type. The degenerating fibres of the medium size in the
      frontal cortex following the caudate nucleus destruction are suggested to be the
      axons of thalamic neurons but not those of the destructed nucleus cells.

PMID- 1207808
TI  - [Morpho-functional changes in the tegmentum mesencephali of turtles following
      enucleation].
AB  - Morpho-functional changes in the mesencephalic centre of the turtle (Emys
      orbicularis L.) were studied during optic nerve degeneration. It was observed
      that synaptic terminals in this centre undergoing the "dark" degeneration are
      associated with myelinated optic fibres and terminals undergoing the "light" one
      are associated with unmyelinated fibres. The first low amplitude component of the
      evoked potential disappears with degeneration of myelinated fibres of large
      diameter during the "dark" degeneration (4-5 months after enucleation). The first
      high amplitude component disappears with degeneration of the middle-sized
      myelinated fibres and the end of the "dark" degeneration (7 months after
      enucleation). The characteristics of the second high amplitude component which
      reflects the excitation of both thin myelinated and all unmyelinated fibres,
      begin to change with degeneration of unmyelinated fibres during "light"
      degeneration (2.5-3.5 months). This component disappears with degeneration of the
      thin myelinated fibres (7 months).

PMID- 1207809
TI  - [Comparative electrophysiologic characteristics of afferent representation in the
      cortical and striatal portions of the turtle forebrain].
AB  - Visual and somatic representations are established in the subcortical striatal
      sections of the forebrain (pallial thickening, dorsal ventricular ridge and
      putamen) of immobilized weakly anaesthetized turtles. According to
      electrophysiological characteristics they are similar to the corresponding
      sensory representations in the general cortex. The absence of reliable
      discrepancy between the latencies of potentials in the cortex and striatum evoked
      by light flash or by the electric stimulation of the dorsal thalamus indicates
      that visual projectional fibres ascending from the lateral geniculate nucleus
      terminate both in cortical and striatal structures. Differences in the latency
      distribution of single unit responses in the cortex and striatum to visual and
      thalamic stimulations can be due to the existence, besides the geniculo
      telencephalic pathway, of a rotundo-telencephalic visual channel having direct
      connections with the striatum and polysynaptic ones with the general cortex.
      Significant differences in latency between the evoked potentials and neuronal
      responses in cortical and subcortical structures to electric stimulation of the
      skin shows that somatic projectional fibres on their way to the cortex are
      relayed in the striatum, thus indicating a lower corticolization degree of the
      somatosensory system as compared with that of the visual one.

PMID- 1207810
TI  - [Polysynaptic components of the early somato-sympathetic reflex response in the
      lumbar white rami communicantes].
AB  - The second and third components of early somatosympathetic relfex discharge were
      studied in anesthetized cats. Polysynaptic components of the early
      somatosympathetic and propriospinal somatosomatic discharges were compared.
      Evidence was found that these reflexes have both common and specialized
      interneurons in their central polysynaptic chains. It is suggested that the
      components of the early somatosympathetic reflex are formed by different types of
      sympathetic preganglionic neurons, namely the second component by neurons of the
      lateral horns and the third one--by neurons detected in the lateral part of
      intermediate zone (axonal velocity less than 1.5 m/s). A classification of
      sympathetic preganglionic neurons is presented.

PMID- 1207811
TI  - [Morphofunctional features of the catfish lateral line analyzer].
AB  - The peripheral and central portions of the catfish lateral line system were
      investigated by conventional light microscopical and electrophysiological
      methods. N. lat. post. X supplying the neuromasts and the small pit organs of the
      fish body consists of myelinated nerve fibres with the axonal diameters between 2
      and 9 mum. The nerve also contains a number of unmyelinated fibres as well as
      lateral line nerves in other species. Axon conduction velocities were distributed
      within a range of 10-15 m/s. All afferents pass through the n. lat post. X to the
      area acoustico-lateralis of the medulla oblongata. Nucleus medialis is associated
      with the lateral line system. It consists of n. med. p. dors, and n. med. p. med.
      The former consists of medium size cell bodies (6-14 mum), which are of an oval
      or triangle shape. The latter consists of small (4-6 mum) oval cells. N. med. p.
      dors. and n. med. p. med. are the most distinct at the level caudally to the
      enter of auditory nerve VIII. Rostrally and caudally the both portions of the n.
      med. overlap each other. Responses to electrical and mechanical stimulation of
      the lateral line organs were recorded in the entire area acoustico-lateralis. All
      the neurons under study were situated at a depth of 400-800 mum in the area
      nucleus medialis.

PMID- 1207812
TI  - [The inhibitory effect of carbon dioxide gas on the post-tetanic
      hyperpolarization of frog nerves].
AB  - CO2 as well as its mixture with O2 were passed through the Ringer solution with
      nerve in it or through the chamber with the preparation. This caused a cessation
      of posttetanic hyperpolarization of the nerve. An inhibitory effect of CO2 on the
      active ionic transport through the membrane of myelinated nerve fibres mediated
      by change in their internal pH is supposed.

PMID- 1207813
TI  - [The influence of the cerebellum on the background activity of medial
      reticulospinal tract fibers].
AB  - Characteristics of background activity of 160 reticulo-spinal fibres of the
      ventral funiculus were studied in anaesthetized cats with an intact cerebellum. A
      reduction of the relative quantity of fast-conducting fibres with background
      activity and changes in the characteristics of this activity as compared with
      those in decerebellated cats were found. It is suggested that the activity of
      reticulo-spinal neurons is tonically inhibited by cerebellar influences, the
      inhibition being differently distributed among different groups of these neurons.

PMID- 1207814
TI  - [Background impulse activity of cat pericruciate cortex neurons].
AB  - Background spike activity of 66 neurons was recorded extracellularly in the
      pericruciate cortex of narcotized cats. As a rule it is represented by an
      irregular spike sequences and occasionally by a burst of two-five spikes. In 77.3
      per cent of units the mean frequency of the background activity varied from 0.6
      to 20 imp/s, in the other it reached sometimes 100 imp/s. Types of interspike
      interval histograms are analyzed.

PMID- 1207815
TI  - [Reflection of temporal parameters of an optic stimulus in neuronal responses of
      the senso-motor and visual cortex in cats].
AB  - Neuronal extracellular discharges in visual (area 17) and sensory-motor (area 4
      and 6) cortical fields to optical stimuli with a duration up to 1000 ms were
      examined in the chloralozed cats (70 mg/kg). A comparative analysis of neuronal
      discharge types and of functional shift intervals revealed: 1) an amount of
      neurons with on--off discharges in the visual cortex is 25% and in the sensory
      motor cortex--100%; 2) the functional shift intervals coincide with the on--off
      discharge time interval for the same neurons; 3) alongside with the common time
      interval there are specific ranges for each zone (0--200 ms for the visual
      cortex; 500 ms and more for the sensory-motor cortex); 1) the afterdischarge
      latency of a neuron is equal to the functional shift interval value of the same
      neuron. These data are considered as a reflection of the optical signal time
      parameters by the sensory-motor cortical neurons. Such peculiarities of the
      sensory-motor area might be important for the time organization of the cortical
      movement program.

PMID- 1207816
TI  - [Findings and reflections on the reverberation of thalamocortical impulses].
AB  - Chang's experiments showing the rhythmic afterdischarge in slightly nembutalized
      cats which he considered as a manifestation of the activity of thalamocortical
      reverberating circuits, prompted us to study the origin of the afterdischarge in
      the auditory cortex arising in response to single sound clicks on unanesthetized
      immobilized and nembutalized cats. The rhythmic afterdischarge was found to be
      most pronounced at light anesthesia with a tendency of background activity to
      synchronization, which may be evidenced by rare bursts of spindles. During the
      prolonged spontaneous desynchronization as well as during stimulation of
      mesencephalic reticular formation no rhythmic afterdischarge and no spontaneous
      bursts of spindles arose. With a deepening of anesthesia slow afterdischarge
      undergoes precisely the same changes as spontaneous spindle bursts (the duration
      tends to increase for a while with a subsequent decrease, the frequency and then
      the amplitude of waves decrease and eventually they disappear altogether). These
      and other findings suggest that rhythmic afterdischarge of the auditory cortex
      arising to sound clicks seems to be similar to the evoked spindle in response to
      peripheral and central stimulations. It was reported in many previous and recent
      papers. The fact, that following the cooling or ablation of the auditory cortex
      the rhythmic afterdischarge to sound clicks as well as spontaneous spindle bursts
      keep arising in the medial geniculate body without changing their patterns,
      militates also against the possibility of thalamocortical reverberation.

PMID- 1207817
TI  - [A comparative statistical study of the background impulse activity of
      hippocampal neurons in situ and in tissue culture].
AB  - Statistical characteristics of background impulse activity of the rat hippocampal
      pyramidal neurons in situ and in vitro were compared. A statistical analysis
      shows a good coincidence of the following numerical characteristics of interspike
      intervals distribution: mathematical expectations, standard deviations,
      coefficients of asymmetry and excess. This coincidence proves the preservation of
      normal functional properties of hippocampal neurons in tissue culture. However
      some differences were found in the structure of the compared spike sequences
      which may be attributed to essential differences between the neuronal networks in
      the objects studied.

PMID- 1207819
TI  - [The effect of glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid on the excitability of the
      central terminals of primary afferent fibers].

PMID- 1207818
TI  - [Background [corrected] activity and evoked responses of pigeon cerebellar cortex
      neurons to stimulation of the vagus nerve and nerves of the extremities].
AB  - Background activity and evoked responses of cortical cerebellar neurons to
      electrical stimulation of n. vagus and limb nerves were investigated in
      decerebrated pigeons. The neuronal responses were of tha same type independing of
      the type of stimulation. The phasic and tonic responses were chiefly of an
      excitatory type. The phasic responses were short (10-20 ms) and long-latent (up
      to 80 ms). The latter were predominant. The neuronal responses to n. vagus
      stimulation as compared with responses to limb nerves stimulation were observed
      in a smaller number of neurons and revealed longer latent periods and lower
      ability to rhythmic reproduction. They could not be produced through the climbing
      fibres.

PMID- 1207820
TI  - [Participation of different groups of afferent fibers of mesenteric nerves in
      vasomotor reflexes].
AB  - The dependence of the magnitude and character of vasomotor reflexes on the
      amplitude of mesenteric nerve tetanic stimulation was studied in experiments with
      cats anesthetized with urethane and chloralose. A comparison of the stimulus
      amplitude reflex magnitude curves with the previously obtained data on electrical
      excitability of various groups of mesenteric nerves afferent fibres revealed that
      there are 3 groups of "vasomotor" afferents in mesenteric nerves: "fast" Adelta
      fibres (conduction velocity above 8 m/s) the impulses of which evoke depressor or
      small pressor reflexes; "slow" Adelta-fibres (conduction velocity below 8 m/s)
      the impulses of which evoke pressor reflexes or interacting with impulses of
      lower-threshold "fast" Adelta-fibres, either decrease depressor reflexes evoked
      by impulses of these fibres or increase pressor reflexes evoked by these fibres
      impulses; C-fibres the impulses of which increase pressor reflexes evoked by
      impulses of "slow" Adelta-fibres.

PMID- 1207821
TI  - [The effect of sodium, potassium and calcium ions on the functional
      characteristics of catfish electroreceptors].
AB  - Afferent responses of single afferent fibre from small pit organs to various
      concentration of potassium, sodium and calcium ions were studied in the catfish
      (Ictalurus nebulosus). The receptors were stimulated with d. c. pulses. Calcium
      concentration between 0.4-5 mM/1 were practically ineffective. Calcium
      concentration from 5 to 100 7m/1 increased the threshold to electrical
      stimulation. 2mM/1 sodium and potassium solutions caused an increase in the
      threshold to the anodic stimuli and elimination of the responses to the cathodic
      ones. This effect disappeared after the addition of 0.4 mM/1 CaCl2 or application
      of long anodic stimuli of great intensity (10(-8)-10(-7) A/mm2). With an increase
      in potassium concentration to 10-20 mM/1 the threshold returned to the initial
      level. Potassium concentrations above 20 mM/1 increased the threshold to
      electrical stimuli. The effect of ions was compared with the action of electric
      current.

PMID- 1207822
TI  - [Several characteristics of the impulse reactions of crayfish receptor neurons to
      stimuli of different intensity].
AB  - Properties of the receptor cells responses in n. telsoni ventralis to the change
      in the direction, velocity and angle of displacement of the uropod hairs were
      studied in acute experiments with the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus. It is shown
      that the receptor neurons are characterized by an inverse relation between the
      latent period and the velocity of hairs displacement and by impulse frequency
      proportional to this velocity. The selective sensibility of the various receptor
      neurons to the direction and change of angular displacement of a hair was found.
      Certain zones of the angle of displacement of the uropod cells characterized by
      evoked maximum receptor cells responses are distinguished.

PMID- 1207823
TI  - [Propagation of the action potential in the vicinity of the soma of giant neurons
      after the Hodgkin--Huxley model].
AB  - The Hodgkin--Huxley equations were used to investigate the loading effect of
      somatic membrane on spike generation in an axon. The depression of the amplitude
      of antidromic spike near the soma is demonstrated. It is shown that direct
      activation of the neuron by a current pulse through an intracellular electrode
      inserted in the soma causes the spike origination in the axon rather far from the
      cell body because of the loading effect. An increase in the magnitude of the
      current pulse causes a shift of the site of spike initiation towards the soma.

PMID- 1207824
TI  - [The potential-dependent nature of the sodium pump of mollusk giant neuron
      membranes].
AB  - The effect of the membrane potential on the pump current induced by ionophoretic
      injection of sodium ions into the isolated and semiisolated neurons and the
      effect of sodium ions intracellular concentration on the potential dependence of
      the pump current were studied in snails Helix pomatia and Helix italiana. It is
      found in voltage clamp experiments that the pump current can reverse its
      direction under a sufficient membrane hyperpolarization (above--80 divided by -
      120 mV). Additional injections of sodium ions into the neuron increases the
      potential dependence of the pump current and facilitates the appearance of
      reversed pump current. It is supposed that this reversal may be due to activation
      of potassium permeability of the membrane coupled in some way with the acitvity
      of the enzymatic transport mechanism.

PMID- 1207825
TI  - [Magnetic field perception by the electroreceptor system of fish].
AB  - Responses of 40 neurons in the acoustic-lateral area to electrical stimuli and
      changing magnetic induction were studied in the Black Sea skates Dasyates
      (Trigon) pastinaca. The smallest magnetic induction change which caused a
      response was 0.8 Gs/s, proving the possibility of perception of the geomagnetic
      field by electroreceptors of a slow-moving fish. Opposite reactions to magnetic
      stimulation were observed in neurons responding to electrical stimuli in the same
      way but connected with receptors of the right and left sides of the fish. Short
      circuiting between the inner medium of the fish and the sea water showed that the
      induction current circuit is isolated from the inner medium and, apparently,
      formed by the ampullary canals.

PMID- 1207826
TI  - [Transformation of the impulse activity of cat brain senso-motor cortex neurons
      during rhythmic stimulation].

PMID- 1207827
TI  - [Monosynaptic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials of cerebral cortex neurons].
AB  - The auditory cortes of cats immobilized with d-tubocurarine was stimulated by
      monopolar macroelectrodes (tip diameter 100 mu) or micloelectrodes (tip diameter
      100--15 mu). In both cases in cortical neurons located closely to the stimulation
      point IPSPs were recorded with latencies ranging between 0.4--1.2 and 1.4 6.0 ms.
      It is suggested that IPSPs of the first group are generated in response to direct
      stimulation of the bodies and axons of the inhibitory cortical neurons
      (monosynaptically). The amplitude of such IPSPs ranged in different neurons from
      3 to 15 mV and their duration was between 4 and 15 ms. Many of them were
      complicated by later additional inhibitory volleys. 1.5% of all IPSPs generated
      in response to geniculocortical fibres stimulation had latencies between 0.8--1.3
      ms. It is suggested that these IPSPs were also evoked monosynaptically.

PMID- 1207828
TI  - [Electrical characteristics of neurons in the motor region of the cat cerebral
      cortex].
AB  - Electrical parameters of motor cortex neurons were studied in acute experiments
      on cats. Input resistance of cortical neurons varied from few to some tens of
      Momega (mean value 11.11 +/- 3.93 Momega). A hyperbolic relation between
      threshold current and input resistance for cortical neurons was found. Velocity
      of axon conduction and input resistance are negatively correlated. Time constant
      of the membrane (to) was 7.1 +/- 3.46 ms. In some neutrons a second time constant
      t1= 1.65 +/- 0.36 ms was also found. Using result of Rall's model, the electronic
      length of the dendrite was computed, it was found to be 3.66-0.94 in units of
      length constant. These data are compared with those obtained on motoneurons.
      Functional significance of electrical parameters of cortical neurons is
      discussed.

PMID- 1207829
TI  - [Functional organization of pathways transmitting auditory signals in the
      somatosensory zone of the cat cerebral cortex].
AB  - The functional properties of the auditory projections to the somatosensory zones
      S2 and S were studied by recording evoked potentials in anesthetized and vigil
      unrestrained cats. The thresholds of evoked potentials recorded from SI and SII
      were higher by 15--35 db than those from AI. No tonotopical localization was
      found in SI and SII. Signals about pure tones of different frequencies were
      conducted to SI and SII via area AI. The signals about clicks were ascending to
      SI and SII not only through this pathway, but also through other ones. It
      suggested from the time constants analysis of the first positive wave of the
      evoked potentials that the interneuronal organization of the cortical auditory
      projections to AI is not so comples as that to SI and SII. The differences in
      amplitudes of evoked potential recorded in SI indicate that the head projection
      areas receive higher portion of the auditory projections. This is confirmed by
      the morphological evidence.

PMID- 1207830
TI  - [Changes in the receptive fields of cat lateral geniculate body neurons following
      removal of corticofugal influence].
AB  - The number of spikes in responses of the lateral geniculate neurons increased
      after section of ipsilateral corticogeniculate connections. The operation caused
      a distinct intensification of lateral inhibition effects in the operated side.
      Zones of complete spatial summation in the receptive fields of neurons in the
      operated side changed according to the contrast of the used light stimuli. It is
      suggested that corticogeniculate influences are of inhibitory nature and that
      receptive fields possessing a changing zone of spatial summation are realized by
      intrageniculate mechanisms.

PMID- 1207831
TI  - [The effect of peripheral stimulation on the electrical activity of the neocortex
      in chronic premesencephalic cats].
AB  - Chronic experiments were carried out with 19 adult cats. It is demonstrated that
      following a premesencephalic sectioning of the brain stem, with the lemniscal
      pathways being spared, on the second and third day after the surgery, auditory,
      olfactory and skin stimulations caused diffusive activation of the neocortex.
      Photic stimulation, though evoking responses in the visual cortex, was unable to
      desynchronize the neocortical electrical activity. Taking into account the data
      on the organization of hypothalamic afferent connections, it is suggested that
      diffuse activation of the neocortex in cats, when the mesencephalic reticular
      formation is completely excluded, occurs during auditory, olfactory and skin
      stimulations due to excitation of the posterior hypothalamus.

PMID- 1207832
TI  - [Connections between the posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus and the cortex
      of the cat suprasylvian gyrus].
AB  - Responses of neurons in the thalamic nucleus lateralis posterior (LP) to the
      stimulation of area 5b and 21 of the suprasylvian gyrus were studied in
      unanesthetized immobilized cats. Antidromic responses of these neurons indicate
      the existence of a direct pathways from LP to area 5b and 21. Such pathways are
      more extensive to area 5b. Relatively long latencies (1.2--60.0 ms) of antidromic
      responses show that axons of these neurons are slowly conducting (0.3--16.6 m/s).
      Short-latent 2--3 ms orthodromic responses to LP neurons indicate the existence
      of a direct pathway from the suprasylvian cortex to LP. Input to LP from area 5b
      is more powerful than from area 21. The converence of volleys from both areas is
      seen in 44% of investigated neurons. The stimulation of the suprasylvian cortex
      evokes postsynaptic inhibition in the most LP neurons.

PMID- 1207833
TI  - [Spinal cord electrical activity during focal depression of inhibitory
      processes].
AB  - Cord dorsum potentials, dorsal root potentials and field potentials were studied
      in rats with local depression of inhibitory processes in lumbar spinal segments
      produced by tetanus toxin. The study was carried out at a stage when excitation
      of a neuronal population with depressed inhibitory processes (the so-called
      "determinative dispatch station") evoked generalized excitation of spinal and
      bulbar motoneurons. In experiments with spinal animals it was shown that the
      stimulation of a cutaneous nerve on the affected side evokes DRP's P-waves and
      field potentials of greater amplitude and longer duration than those evoked on
      the opposite side or in healthy rats. The prolonged P-wave revealed several
      components which coinsided with prolonged ventral root discharges. This wave
      could be recorded from an enlarged spinal cord region. The maximal increased and
      prolonged negative field potentials corresponding in time to the enlarged P-wave
      were found in the ventral quadrant of the affected side. In this region
      "spontaneous" rhythmical negative slow waves were recorded. The mechanisms of
      spreading excitation from the site with depressed inhibitory processes and the
      localization of this site are discussed.

PMID- 1207834
TI  - [The possibility of different effects of primary afferent depolarization on
      spinal reflexes].
AB  - Intensive depolarization of central primary afferent terminals evoked by strong
      stimulation of afferent nerves or dorsal root produces recurrent discharges which
      may be recorded as antidromic dorsal root reflexes. It is shown that the
      discharges are simultaneously propagating in the dorso-ventral direction and thus
      produce facilitation of spinal reflexes. The obtained results allow suggesting
      the existence of two types of influences of the primary afferent depolarization
      on the reflex transmission to the spinal cord.

PMID- 1207835
TI  - [The influence of bemegride on frog spinal cord root potentials].
AB  - The effect of the convulsant bemegride (beta-ethyl-beta-methyl-glutharimide) on
      the electronic potentials in the frog spinal roots was investigated in situ.
      Intravenous injection of the bemegride subconvulsant doses (6.8 +/- 2.7 mg/kg)
      depressed rapidly the electrotonic dorsal root potentials (DRP) evoked by a
      stimulation of the adjacent dorsal root (DR) or the ventral root (VR). They were
      reduced by 55--67% 3-6 min after the bemegride injection. The effect of bemegride
      was reversible and the DRP amplitude restored its initial value within an hour.
      Ventral root potentials after bemegride injection revealed only greater amplitude
      fluctuations. A conclusion is made that bemegride is a selective and potent
      depressor of the primary afferent depolarization in the frog spinal cord.

PMID- 1207836
TI  - [Rubrofugal influences on the spike activity of neurons of the medial reticulo
      spinal tract].
AB  - Synaptic influences from the red nucleus on the activity of the medial reticulo
      spinal tract fibres were studied by microelectrode recording in throacic spinal
      cord of an anesthetized cat. It is found that the red nucleus establishes
      monosynaptic connections with many pontine and medullary reticulo-spinal neurons
      with fast (60-105 m/s) and moderate conducting (45-60 m/s) axons. Background
      activity of these fibres (characterized by grouping of impulses) is accelerated
      by repetitive stimulation of the red nucleus. Most neurons with slow conducting
      axons (10-45 m/s) are polysynaptically excited by the red nucleus stimulation,
      but their background activity (with uniform distribution of impulses) is
      depressed. Such rubro-reticular influences were also observed in cats with
      preliminary destroyed tectal and interstitial structures. Some functional aspects
      of the rubro-reticulo-spinal system are discussed.

PMID- 1207837
TI  - [Membrane currents induced by entrance of sodium ions into giant mollusk
      neurons].
AB  - Membrane currents induced by the intake of sodium ions during tetanic stimulation
      or steady depolarization under voltage clamp conditions were studied on giant
      neurons of the mollusc Helix pomatia. It is shown that the induced current may be
      separated into two components: the fast one having a reversal potential close to
      the EK level, and the slow one slightly dependent on the membrane potential in
      the region --50 divided by --90 mV Strophanthin K and replacement of external
      sodium with lithium or calcium ions eleminated for slow component and reduced the
      fast one. A conclusion is made that the slow component is produced by the
      activation of the electrogenic sodium pump, and the fast one-- by an increase in
      potassium permeability probably coupled to intensive activity of this pump.

PMID- 1207838
TI  - [Reactions of the neurons of the reticular and ventral anterior nuclei of the
      optic thalamus to afferent stimulation of different modalities].
AB  - Responses of 146 reticular (R) and 98 ventral anterior (VA) thalamic neurons to
      electrical stimulation of pads, to light flashes and sound clicks were studied in
      cats immobilized with d-tubocurarine or myorelaxine. The contralateral forepaw
      was the most effective receptive field: 24.9% of R and 31.3% of VA investigated
      neurons responded to its stimulation. Only 4.4% of R and 2.4% of VA neurons
      responded to the click. Almost all responding neurons reacted to different kind
      of the applied stimulation by phasic or tonic excitation. Inhibition of
      background activity was observed after the pads stimulation only in 2.6-4.3% of R
      and in 1.7%-2.1% of VA neurons. The latency of phasic responses in most neurons
      ranged: to electrical stimulation of the contralateral forepaw from 6 to 64 ms,
      to the contralateral hindpaw -- from 11 to 43 ms, to light -- 10-60 ms, and to
      the click -- 8-60 ms. 75.1-95.6% of R and 68.7-97.6% of VA neurons did not
      respond at all to different kinds of peripheral stimulation. Of a sample of cells
      tested to all inputs 25% of R and 47% of VA neurons responded to stimulation of
      more than one paw; 16% of R and 22% of VA neurons revealed convergence of volleys
      of different modality. The functional role of this convergence consists in
      inhibition (more seldom facilitation) of the neuronal response to a testing
      signal following 40-70 ms after a conditioning one.

PMID- 1207840
TI  - [Conduction of excitation in the cat vixual system].
AB  - The responses of striate cortex units to the lateral geniculate body and optic
      tract stimulations were recorded extra- and intracellularly in experiments on
      cats immobilized with d-tubocurarine. 92% of responded cells were activated
      orthodromically with a latency ranging between 2 and 12.5 ms. Most of these
      responses may be divided into three groups--2-2.5, 3-3.5, 4-4.5 ms. The latency
      of each group coincided with the latency of three different parts of the evoked
      potentials positive components. 8% of the responding cells were activated
      antidromically. The difference of the response latency to the stimulation of both
      structures in 55.8% of cells ranged from 0.5 to 1 ms. The existence of three main
      groups of optic radiation fibres with conduction velocities of 28.5-16.6, 11.7
      8.9, 7.4-6 m/s is postulated. A conclusion is made that peculiarities of the
      afferent volley formed in retino-geniculate paths are not significantly changed
      after its processing in the lateral geniculate body.

PMID- 1207839
TI  - [The relationship between the second zone of the auditory cortex and the medial
      geniculate body and first auditory zone].
AB  - Extracellular and intracellular responses of the second auditory (AII) cortical
      neurons to stimulation of geniculocortical fibres and first auditory cortex (AI)
      were studied in experiments carried out on cats immobilized with d-tubocurarine.
      It is shown that in these neurons there appear antidromic, mono-, di- and
      polysynaptic spike potentials to geniculate and AI stimulation. The number of
      antidromic reactions was about twice as low as in AI under the same conditions.
      Di- and polysynaptic responses predominated among orthodromic reactions.
      Intracellular recording revealed EPSP, EPSP-IPSP and primary IPSP in AII neurons.
      Response latencies in AII neurons to AI stimulation were in the range of 0.75
      6.0, 6.1-16.0, 18.0-23.0 and 60.100 ms. After the medial geniculate body was
      removed, the number of responses with a latency of 6.1-16.0 ms decreased
      considerably. In some neurons spike pontentials appeared both to geniculate and
      AI stimulation. Comparison of the response latencies at both types of stimulation
      showed that impulses from AI come in AII not only to the neurons that are inputs
      for MGB impulses but also to neurons in the sebsequent link of intracortical
      neuronal chain. In most AII neurons disynaptic IPSP appeared at AI stimulation.
      Only in one case IPSP with a latency of 1.0 ms was recorded being probably
      monosynaptic.

PMID- 1207841
TI  - [Electrical characteristics of the granular neurons of the carp olfactory bulb].
AB  - Using the intracellular recording technique the electrical activity of the carp
      olfactory bulb granular cells and secondary neurons was studied. Early and late
      EPSP and IPSP were the synaptic responses of granular cells both to the olfactory
      nerve and olfactory tract electrical stimulation. The comparison of responses of
      the granular cells and secondary neurons led to the conclusion that the granular
      cells are interneurons producing post-synaptic inhibition of the secondary
      neurons. It was supposed that the granular neurons are excited by dendro
      dendritic and reccurent-collateral pathways and that the inhibitory synapses are
      located on the dendrites of secondary neurons which are in contact with the
      olfactory nerve terminals.

PMID- 1207842
TI  - [Responses of inferior colliculus neurons to frequency modulated signals and the
      temporal characteristics of inhibitory interaction].
AB  - Comparison of neuronal responses (118 units) in the inferior colliculus of
      anesthetized rats to frequency-modulated (FM) sounds and time characteristics of
      two-tone inhibition were carried out. High sensitivity to certain direction of FM
      in 2/3 of neurons coincide with spatial characteristics of excitatory and
      nihibitory areas: their shape, width and arrangement. In 1/3 of neurons
      directional response specificity is shown to be determined by different time
      course of inhibitory process evoked by high-frequency and low-frequency tones.

PMID- 1207843
TI  - [Formation of a generator of excitation in the gigantocellular nucleus of the
      medulla oblongata during disruption of inhibitory processes].
AB  - Neuronal activity in the gigantocellular nucleus after injection of tetanus toxin
      was studied on decerebrated cats. The toxin was used as a substance producing a
      deep and continuous suppression of inhibitory processes. The increase in the
      amplitude and rate of neuronal discharges, in the integral background and evoked
      activity as well as in the number of active neurons and that of neurons with
      burst activity was recorded in the "poisoned" nucleus. The enhanced activity in
      the investigated regions of the poisoned nucleus might be temporarily suppressed
      by a strong direct electrical shock and by glycin administrations to those
      regions. The obtained data indicate that a pool of neurons with disturbed
      inhibitory processes forms a generator of enhanced excitation. The mechanisms and
      characteristic features of the activity of such generators are discussed. The
      possibility of modelling neurological syndromes by production of similar
      generators in various parts of the central nervous system and their relation to
      the earlier described phenomenon of "dispatch station" are considered.

PMID- 1207845
TI  - [Intracellular on--off responses of carp retina amacrine cells adapted to the
      dark].
AB  - Dependence of the amplitude and latency of on and off responses of amacrine cells
      in the isolated dark-adapted carp retina upon the light spot intensity and
      diameter was studied by intracellular recordings. It is shown that the responses
      of amacrine cells to onset and offset of light consist of trasient
      depolarizations with oscillatory potentials and impulses. The latency of the on
      response decreases and the latency of the off response increases when the light
      spot intensity and diameter are increased. A dependence close to linearity on
      logarithm of the spot diameter up to 3 mm is observed for the on response
      amplitude with changes in intensity within 4 log. units. The amplitude and zone
      of summation of the off response decrease, when intensity of the stimulus is
      increased. It is supposed to result from differences in the amplitude and time
      characteristics to offset of light in the bipolars which give inputs to amacrine.

PMID- 1207844
TI  - [Classification of the vestibulospinal neurons of the cat Deiter's nucleus].
AB  - The antidromic activation of neurons in the cat Deiters nucleus to stimulation of
      spinal cerevical segments was studied using the intracellular microelectrode
      recording technique. Separate components of the antidromic action potential and
      its after-deflections were analyzed in fast- and slow-conducting neurons. A
      direct dependence between the parameters of the after-deflections and duration of
      the refractory period was revealed for these neurons. Variable responsivity of
      neurons with the same axonal conductance velocity is shown to be dependent on the
      after-depolarizing potential.

PMID- 1207846
TI  - [The spontaneous electrical activity of the isolated rabbit superior cervical
      ganglion].
AB  - Spontaneous electric activity (mean amplitude of impulses--200-300 muV and
      frequency--0.0m-2.9 Hz/s) was observed in isolated rabbit superior cervical
      symphathetic ganglia using the sucrose-gap method. This spontaneous activity was
      completely abolished by d-tubocurarine (5-10(-5) M) and hexamethonium (1-10(-4)
      M). The frequency of the spontaneous discharges was increased by doubling of
      osmotic pressure, increasing of [K]0 and adding theophilline or ethanol to
      perfusing solution. These findings suggest that the activity observed is due to
      spontaneous release of the transmitter by preganglionic nerve endings. However
      tetrodotoxin in relatively low concentrations (2.5-5-10(-7) g/ml) reversibly
      inhibited this activity. In high [Ca]0 solutions spontaneous discharges of an
      isolated ganglion were reduced or completely blocked. These facts suggest that
      the action potential generation mechanisms also participate in the spontaneous
      activity of the isolated cervical sympathetic ganglion.

PMID- 1207847
TI  - [Changes in the synaptic vesicles of cat motor cortex axon terminals upon
      stimulation].
AB  - The relation of the synaptic vesicle size to the distance between the vesicle and
      the synapse active zone was studied in the axon terminals at the motor cortex
      neuron spines and dendrites of resting cats (under moderate barbiturate
      anesthesia) and after prolonged repetitive stimulation of the somatosensory SII
      area. Thes sizes of the vesicles belonging to any of the three strata observed in
      the terminal section profile under the electron microscope were registered as a
      decrementing variation sequence. The predominance of small vesicles in stratum I
      adjoining to the synapse active zone was found by means of the statistical
      analysis (symbol criterion and criterion chi2), both in the control and
      experimental material. A significant gradient of the vesicle size diminution from
      peripheral stratum III to stratum I as well as vesicle size decrease both in
      stratum I and intermediate stratum II in comparison with the control developed
      after the cortico-cortical projection stimulation. The functional role of this
      phenomenon is discussed.

PMID- 1207849
TI  - [Transverse myelitis as an early manifestation of a sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1207848
TI  - [Spinal nerve root distribution of the myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers
      of a cat cutaneous nerve].
AB  - The distribution of myelinated and nomyelinated nerve fibres from n. saphenus in
      the dorsal and ventral roots of the cat spinal cord was investigated, using
      methods improving the signal-to-noise ratio in the neurogram of the nerve evoked
      response. Nerve fibres from n. saphneus enter the spinal cord through roots of
      segments L4-6. In the dorsal roots of these segments the nerve fibres have
      conduction velocities from 80 to 0.38 m/s. In the ventral roots four groups of
      the nerve fibres with conduction velocities 80--60, 40--30, 12.0--3.0 and 1.1-
      0.51 m/s are found that are likely to be afferents. The conditions for low
      amplitude potentials detection in the spinal cord roots as well as the possible
      functional significance of the nerve fibres in the ventral roots are discussed.

PMID- 1207850
TI  - [The diagnostic usefulness of several new degradation indices from the HAWIE].

PMID- 1207851
TI  - [The unilateral abnormal rhythmization in the electroencephalogram. A case
      contribution].

PMID- 1207852
TI  - [Diagnosis of the meningitis syndrome in cerebrospinal syphilis].

PMID- 1207853
TI  - [New aspects of caisson disease].

PMID- 1207854
TI  - [Evaluation of fitness for automobile driving following endogenous psychosis].

PMID- 1207855
TI  - [Psychotic episodes following hashish smoking].

PMID- 1207856
TI  - [Psycho-organic deficiencies in alcoholics after one year of abstinence].

PMID- 1207858
TI  - [Ethical and legal difficulties in the evaluation of psychiatric therapy
      procedures].

PMID- 1207857
TI  - [Radiation myelopathy].

PMID- 1207859
TI  - [Establishment of an alcoholic ward in a regional psychiatric hospital. A
      progress report].

PMID- 1207860
TI  - [A case of papilledema as a complication of pneumoencephalography. A case report
      on papillary stasis of unclear origin].

PMID- 1207861
TI  - [Riding embolism of the basilar artery with brain-stem infarct. Arteriographic
      demonstration].

PMID- 1207862
TI  - The treatment of Paget's disease of bone with calcitonin.

PMID- 1207863
TI  - A patient with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I.

PMID- 1207864
TI  - Turner's syndrome and primary hypothyroidism. Report of a case.

PMID- 1207865
TI  - Haemoglobins D-Los Angeles (alpha2beta2 121 GLU leads to GLN) and J-Baltimore
      (alpha2beta2 16 GLY leads to ASP) in two Dutch families.

PMID- 1207866
TI  - Radio-immunoassay of thyroxine in unextracted serum.

PMID- 1207867
TI  - Serum ferritin, iron stores, and iron metabolism.

PMID- 1207868
TI  - Distribution and age-dependent concentration in brain tissue of glycoproteins
      containing N-acetylgalactosamine.
AB  - Glycoproteins that yield non-dialyzable, alkali-labile, N-acetylgalactosamine
      containing heteropolysaccharides upon proteolytic digestion show a threefold
      enrichment in white matter relative to gray matter. Approximately 50% of these
      glycoproteins appear in soluble extracts prepared from rat brain. This
      distribution contrasts with that of the predominant alkali-stable
      sialoglycopeptides, which account for 60% of the total brain glycoprotein
      carbohydrate. The latter glycopeptides showed a twofold enrichment in gray matter
      compared with white, and only about 10% of the glycoproteins that yield these
      glycopeptides could be solubilized by extraction with aqueous solvents. The
      concentration of the N-acetylgalactosamine-containing glycoproteins in the 3-year
      old cerebral gray matter from human brain was respectively 7-15 and 15-30 times
      greater than in 8- and 72-year-old tissue. Electrophoretic analysis of the non
      dialyzable, alkali-stable, acidic glycopeptides that contain NANA, fucose,
      mannose, galactose, and N-acetylglucosamine, obtained from the microsomal and
      synaptosomal fractions, revealed that the composition of these glycopeptides in
      the two fractions was identical.

PMID- 1207869
TI  - Morphological, histochemical and chromosomal patterns of neuroblastoma parental
      and purine resistant lines.
AB  - Several neuroblastoma clones and the same clones adapted to proliferation in a
      medium containing 15 mug/ml of 8-azaguanine and 6-thioguanine are characterized
      with respect to their morphology, acetylcholinesterase activity, catecholamine
      content and chromosomal pattern. Interclonal as well as intraclonal heterogeneity
      was found for the cell parameters studied. A reduction in the number of
      catecholamine-containing cells was observed in the azaguanine and thioguanine
      resistant adrenergic (M1, N115) cells compared with their parental lines. An
      increase of choline acetyltransferase activity was found in the M5 cholinergic
      clone, and a decrease of the same activity in the S21 cholinergic line selected
      in the medium with the purine analogues. Furthermore, a striking change in the
      distribution of chromosomes and chromosomal markers appeared in the resistant
      cells of all clones.

PMID- 1207870
TI  - Effects of freezing and storage on subcellular fractionation of guinea pig and
      human brain.
AB  - Subcellular fractionations were carried out on guinea pig and human brains.
      Distributions of protein marker enzymes, and galactolipids were examined with
      guinea pig cerebral cortex that was (Group I) homogenized immediately; (Group II)
      stored 3 to 5 days at -70 degrees C prior to homogenization; (Group III) stored 3
      to 6 months; (Group IV) homogenized after 3 h at R.T. and 16 to 18 h at 4 degrees
      C and then stored at -70 degrees C for 7 to 9 months. Human frontal lobe obtained
      at autopsy was fractionated immediately (Group V) or stored at -70 degrees C for
      5 to 8 months prior to fractionation (Group VI). Protein recoveries in myelin,
      microsomal, synaptosomal, and supernatant fractions were decreased in brains that
      were not frozen for several hours prior to storage (Groups IV-VI). SDH and MAO
      recoveries in the nuclear and free mitochondrial fractions were increased in
      these groups. AChE, a membrane marker, was also increased in the free
      mitochondrial fractions in Groups IV-VI, suggesting increased contamination of
      mitochondria by synaptosomal membrane fragments. Arylsulfatase, a lysosomal
      enzyme, was decreased in the free mitochondrial fraction with freezing, but the
      distributions in tissues not frozen for several hours showed only an increase in
      the nuclear fraction and a decrease in the microsomal fraction. Freezing brought
      about an increase in supernatant LDH and a decrease in this enzyme in the free
      mitochondrial fractions. Total galactolipid contents in synaptosomal and free
      mitochondrial fractions were increased by freezing and storage. Though some
      redistribution of enzymes takes place, meaningful subcellular fractions can be
      obtained after storage of fresh and postmortem brain tissues.

PMID- 1207871
TI  - Progesterone facilitation of sexual receptivity in rats with neural implantation
      of estrogen.
AB  - The neural substrate for estrogen (E) AND E plus progesterone (P)-induced sexual
      receptivity was examined in 3 classes of adult rats: (1) adult females
      ovariectomized for 11 days, and (2) females and (3) males gonadectomized on the
      day of birth. E responses were found only after implantation in the preoptic or
      medial hypothalamus; adult females had the largest fraction of responders. The
      addition of P significantly increased the fraction of adult and neonatally
      ovariectomized females responding when E implantation was made throughout the
      hypothalamus from preoptic to mammillary bodies. No E-P synergistic effects were
      seen in the day-1 gonadectomized males. E-P synergistic effects were found in the
      amygdala of the adult ovariectomized females. However, midbrain implants of E
      were ineffective for facilitating E-P-induced receptivity in the 3 classes of
      animals studied.

PMID- 1207872
TI  - Effects of environmental lighting, superior cervical ganglionectomy and
      adrenergic drugs on microtubule protein levels of the rat hypothalamus.
AB  - Bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy or exposure of rats to light for 10
      days resulted in comparable increases in microtubule protein content in the
      hypothalamus. Administration of norepinephrine, L-dopa or isoproterenol decreased
      hypothalamic tubulin levels to a greater extent in ganglionectomized rats. A
      prior injection of phentolamine prevented norepinphrine's effects in intact rats
      and decreased but did not abolish the effect of the catecholamine in
      ganglionectomized animals. Phentolamine impaired L-dopa activity in intact and
      denervated rats as did propranolol; beta-adrenergic blockage impaired the effect
      of norepinephrine in denervated rats and abolished that of isoproterenol.
      Phentolamine plus propranolol prevented norepinephrine's effects whereas it only
      impaired L-dopa activity on hypothalamic tubulin content. The prior
      administration of actinomycin D blocked the effects of norepinephrine, L-dopa or
      isoproterenol. Pinealectomy abolished the isoproterenol-induced decrease in
      microtubule protein content and impaired that following L-dopa. These data
      suggest that tubulin levels of the rat hypothalamus are controlled by adrenergic
      transmitter via alpha- and beta-receptors, the latter involving the pineal gland.

PMID- 1207873
TI  - A counter antigonadotrophic effect of melatonin in male rats.
AB  - Blinding and anosmia in male rats is followed by retarded bodily development,
      reduced weights of the gonads and adnexa, and depressed levels of pituitary
      luteinizing hormone and prolactin. The effects of dual sensory deprivation are
      negated, for the most part, by either pinealectomy or the weekly subcutaneous
      implantation of melatonin (in beeswax). This is the first report that melatonin
      negates the antigonadotrophic influence of the rat pineal gland.

PMID- 1207874
TI  - Electrical stimulation of the median eminence in ovariectomized and estradiol
      treated sheep. Increased LH release and evidence for neural regulation of
      spontaneous LH rhythms.
AB  - Plasma LH was significantly increased by electrical stimulation of the median
      eminence (ME) in ovariectomized and in estradiol-treated sheep. In untreated
      castrates, spontaneous discharges of LH occurred at regular intervals of
      approximately one hour (LH rhythm). When ME stimulations were initiated as early
      as 5-15 min following a spontaneous discharge, they increased LH as much as
      either ME stimulations initiated at other times or spontaneous discharges. These
      data failed to demonstrate any pituitary refractoriness to ME stimulation, and
      presumably to endogenous LH-releasing factor (LRF). Therefore, neural mechanisms
      involving rhythmic release of LRF were indicated. The chronic administration of
      estradiol inhibited the spontaneous discharges of LH, and subsequent ME
      stimulation increased plasma LH even more markedly than in untreated castrates.

PMID- 1207876
TI  - Choline acetyltransferase activity and mass fragmentographic measurement of
      acetylcholine in specific nuclei and tracts of rat brain.

PMID- 1207875
TI  - Antagonism by diphenylaminoethanol of GABA-induced inhibition of Deiters
      neurones.

PMID- 1207878
TI  - Attenuation of amphetamine anorexia by unilateral nigral striatal lesions.

PMID- 1207877
TI  - Selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs as aids in evaluating the role of
      type A and B enzymes.

PMID- 1207879
TI  - Central effects of scopolamine and (+)-amphetamine on locomotor activity:
      interaction with strain and stress variables;.

PMID- 1207880
TI  - Effects of the environment on the behavioural response of mice to non-ataxic
      doses of ethyl alcohol.

PMID- 1207881
TI  - Comparative effects of convulsants on the antidromic cortical response to
      pyramidal tract stimulation.

PMID- 1207882
TI  - Selective blocking action of LSD on inhibitory dopamine receptors.

PMID- 1207883
TI  - Comparison of bicuculline methochloride with bicuculline and picrotoxin as
      antagonists of amino acid and monoamine depression of neurones in the rat
      brainstem.

PMID- 1207884
TI  - Thrombosed giant middle cerebral aneurysms.
AB  - Two giant thrombosed aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery are reported with a
      review of the pertinent literature. A tortuous channel through the thrombus
      results in an unusual and characteristic angiogram. Mechanisms involved in the
      formation of this lesion are discussed.

PMID- 1207885
TI  - Selective cerebral angiography through the axillary artery.
AB  - The femoral artery approach to cerebral angiography has become well accepted.
      Some patients, however, are not candidates for femoral catheterization because of
      severe arteriosclerosis. One hundred cerebral angiograms were performed in 88
      severely arteriosclerotic patients, using No. 5 French polyethylene catheters and
      the axillary approach. The technique, degree of success, patient population, and
      their complications are described. This approach allows selective vertebral and
      internal carotid artery injections. Only one serious complication occurred,
      thrombosis of the axillary artery. Because of the time saved, this technique is
      often preferable to the femoral approach in severely arteriosclerotic patients.

PMID- 1207886
TI  - Radiation dose to the eyes of the patient during neuroradiological
      investigations.
AB  - Radiation dose measurements suggest that patients undergoing extensive
      neuroradiological investigations may receive a corneal dose in excess of 60 rads
      in tissue over a relatively short period. - There is no direct evidence that lens
      damage occurs in man at this level but it is important that high dose levels
      should be appreciated and measures taken to reduce them. Protective spectacles
      have been devised to effect such a reduction in two high dose procedures, namely
      petrous tomography and cerebral angiography, without degradation of the
      radiographic image.

PMID- 1207887
TI  - A simple method for embedding anatomical specimens.
AB  - A simple embedding method for brain slices using epoxy resin is described. The
      embedding can be done immediately after cutting the brain and can be completed in
      5-6 hrs. Discoloration of the slices is insignificant.

PMID- 1207888
TI  - Measurements of the normal hemispheric sulci with computer tomography: a
      preliminary study on 44 adults.
AB  - 44 normal adults were examined by computer tomography (CT) withe fine matrix EMI
      scanner. Measurements of the width of the hemispheric sulci were possible in all
      but one case. An average value of 3.4 mm was found, but no sexual difference or
      influence of age could be shown statistically. The necessity of larger
      investigations of the normal population is stressed.

PMID- 1207889
TI  - Selective anterior cervical gas myelography by the lateral approach.
AB  - In order to observe pathological changes in the anterior cervical subarachnoid
      space with the least disturbance to the patient by gas myelography, needle
      puncture into the cervical spinal subarchnoid space was performed between the
      arch of C1 and the lamina of C2 with the patient in a horizontal supine position,
      gas was introduced selectively into the anterior cervical spinal subarachnoid
      space.

PMID- 1207890
TI  - Postoperative angiographic control of chronic subdural hematomas in adults.
AB  - After surgical evacuation of a subdural hematoma there is a constant relationship
      between the return of the deep veins to the midline, the clinical recovery and
      the absence of a new subdural collection, even when the anterior cerebral artery
      remains deviated across the midline.

PMID- 1207891
TI  - Planigraphic measurement of angiograms and pneumencephalograms in the diagnosis
      of hydrocephalus.
AB  - Instead of the usual descriptive criteria commonly adopted for angiographic
      assessment of hydrostatic hydrocephalus, planimetric measuring methods were tried
      out. It was shown that the surface area under the anterior cerebral artery
      (pericallosal) as measured in the lateral angiogram increases proportionally to
      the volume of the cella media. A high degree of conformity was shown between the
      clinical and descriptive neurological findings and the planimetrically obtainable
      values.

PMID- 1207892
TI  - Skeletal mass conversions in hepatolenticular degeneration.
AB  - The influence of hepatolenticular degeneration, a hereditary disease, and the
      skeletal mass, has been studied in the present work by determining various
      parameters of the skeletal mass. As such, the results of the morphometric
      observation on the second left metacarpal have been considered. The results have
      shown: a significant decrease of the skeletal mass (osteoporosis), an increased
      innter diameter (d) which reveals an equally increased osteal absorption
      (osteolysis) and no connection of the sex, type and duration of the disease with
      the skeletal mass.

PMID- 1207893
TI  - Relationships between the vertebral parameters C2--C6 during movement of the
      cervical "vertebral units" in the sagittal plane.
AB  - In the paper it is endeavoured to set up objective criteria for the detection of
      a qualitatively abnormal mobility of the cervical vertebral units. Three scalar
      parameters were chosed to characterize the position of a cervical vertebra in the
      sagittal plane. By the aid of the parameters, graphs were drawn illustrating the
      reciprocal functional dependence of the vertebral parameters. It is stated that a
      discontinuous variation of the angle between the straight lines shown in the Fig.
      4 and 8 and the axis of abscissae can be taken as an objective criterion of a
      qualitatively abnormal movement of the cervical vertebral units.

PMID- 1207894
TI  - Posttraumatic aneurysm of the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery.
AB  - Report of a case with double aneurysm of the cervical segment of the internal
      carotid artery in a 42 year old man. The initial injury, 24 years previously, had
      also caused a fracture of the mandible.

PMID- 1207895
TI  - [Hallucinatory syndromes in children caused by poisonings].

PMID- 1207896
TI  - The neuropathology of respiratory disorders of the premature and mature neonate.

PMID- 1207897
TI  - [Central and basal lesions following acute cerebrocranial injuries].

PMID- 1207898
TI  - [Significance of cerebrocranial injuries in the development of manifest
      spontaneous diseases of the nervous system].

PMID- 1207899
TI  - [Neuropathological findings and clinical correlation in alcoholic
      encephalopathies].

PMID- 1207900
TI  - [Quantative methods of studying the structure of the cerebral cortex in the
      evaluation of the effects of exogenous factors on the central nervous system].

PMID- 1207901
TI  - [Physical fundamentals in electric injuries of the nervous system].

PMID- 1207902
TI  - [Effects of electrical current on the nervous system].

PMID- 1207903
TI  - [Neuropathological findings following electric injuries in dogs].

PMID- 1207904
TI  - Histochemical and morphological changed in the organ and pathways of hearing
      induced by experimental acoustic trauma.

PMID- 1207905
TI  - Some aspects of the pathomechanism of nerve tissue lesions in acute carbon
      monoxide intoxication.

PMID- 1207906
TI  - Respiratory activity of isolated neurons from the rat central nervous system
      following carbon monoxide intoxication.

PMID- 1207907
TI  - Respiratory activity of isolated giant cells of reticular formation and
      ultrastructure of neurons from rat brain stem in carbon monoxide intoxication
      during pregnancy.

PMID- 1207908
TI  - Incorporation of 14C glucose into glycogen and glucose-6--phosphate dehydrogenase
      activity in rat brain following carbon monoxide intoxication.

PMID- 1207909
TI  - Activity of sRNA-amino acyl synthetases in TET-induced brain oedema.

PMID- 1207910
TI  - Cholesterol metabolism in the rat brain during experimental cyanide
      encephalopathy.

PMID- 1207911
TI  - Cholesterol biosynthesis by rat brain in triethyl tin intoxication.

PMID- 1207912
TI  - On the protective influence of cerebrolysine against the effects of tet
      intoxication at an early stage of extrauterine life.

PMID- 1207913
TI  - Glycogen content, glycolytic and respiratory activity and ATP, ADP and AMP
      concentrations in rat brain following trichlorphon (dipterex) intoxication.

PMID- 1207914
TI  - The activities of some esterases of the rat brain after intoxication by
      organophosphate insecticides, dichlorvos and trichlorphon.

PMID- 1207915
TI  - Effect of organophosphate insecticides on some oxidoreductases in rat brain
      mitochondria.

PMID- 1207916
TI  - Morphological changes in rat brain and skeletal muscle in the region of nickel
      oxide implantation.

PMID- 1207917
TI  - The effect of staphylococcal alpha-toxin upon the in vivo and in vitro activity
      of amino acyl-sRNA synthetases in the rabbit brain.

PMID- 1207918
TI  - [Histochemical study of acid phosphatase strongly activated by zinc acetate and
      its behavior in the early phases of brain tumor development induced in rats by N
      ethyl-N-nitrosourea].

PMID- 1207919
TI  - [Occurrence and incidence of leukemic nodules in the brain].

PMID- 1207920
TI  - Disturbances of cerebral microcirculation after cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 1207921
TI  - Perivascular calcifications in the mouse brain.

PMID- 1207922
TI  - Ultrastructure of rat cerebral vessels 4 months after gamma irradiation.

PMID- 1207923
TI  - [The clinical use of ethrane in surgery of the lung].

PMID- 1207924
TI  - [Clinical use of ethrane in cardiac surgery].

PMID- 1207925
TI  - [Use of the Penhalor apparatus in obstetrical anesthesia].

PMID- 1207926
TI  - [Pancuronium bromide in cesarean section].

PMID- 1207927
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of lysine acetylsalicylate in the control of postoperative
      pain].

PMID- 1207928
TI  - [3,000 cases of spinal anesthesia].

PMID- 1207929
TI  - [Resuscitation measures in prevention of renal insufficiency in vascular surgery
      of the aorto-iliaco-femoral axis].

PMID- 1207931
TI  - [Evaluation of the reliability of the Heremans serum protein index in the
      differential diagnosis of jaundice].
AB  - Heremans' serum proteins index was evaluated in the diagnosis of 58 cases of
      icterus. Analysis of variance was employed in assessing the behaviour of the
      index in various forms of the disease. Its reliability was evaluated in the light
      of its sensitivity, specificity, suspicion, positivity, confirmation, validity
      and accuracy indices, information content and entropy. Multivariance analysis was
      also used to determine the mean and optimal values for the discriminating
      functions of neoplastic and non-neoplastic icterus forms.

PMID- 1207930
TI  - [Current acquisitions on phlebopathies of the lower extremities].
AB  - Phlebology has made considerable efforts to free itself from empiricism in recent
      years. Careful scientific methods have enabled previously unhoped-for results to
      be obtained in very widespread and debilitating diseases. New and in some cases
      revolutionary concepts are described, whose application presupposes the existence
      of well-trained teams. Personal results are also presented.

PMID- 1207933
TI  - [Guided insertion of the esophagogastroduodenal fiberscope under direct visual
      control].

PMID- 1207934
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical observations on post-gravidic cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1207935
TI  - [Sulglycotide in the therapy of ulcer disease].

PMID- 1207932
TI  - [Enterobacteria and endotoxins in abdominal surgical pathology. Critical review
      and clinico-experimental studies].
AB  - A detailed critical review on the role of endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria
      in the pathogenesis of most of the intestinal experimental models of surgical
      interest is presented. Data of an investigation on 10 cases of acute appendicitis
      and 2 cases of intestinal occlusion associated with toxaemia are then presented:
      in all these cases the Limulus test significatively revealed the presence of
      endotoxin in the blood and in the peritoneal fluid, also in absence of bacteria
      in the blood. The implications of these results and the use of the test in
      clinical practice are discussed.

PMID- 1207936
TI  - [Study of the activity of sulglycotide in ulcer disease].

PMID- 1207937
TI  - [Valve of fiberscopic examination of the operated stomach].

PMID- 1207939
TI  - [Therapeutic activity and gastric tolerance of a corticosteroid associated with a
      gastroprotective drug].

PMID- 1207938
TI  - [Controlled clinical study of a new preparation for the treatment of digestive
      disorders].

PMID- 1207940
TI  - [Camazepam in endoscopy of the digestive system. Controlled clinical research].

PMID- 1207941
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical studies and therapeutic results in 2 cases of essential mixed
      cryoglobulinemia with renal insufficiency].
AB  - Two cases of essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia selected from a personal series on
      account of their clinical features (hyperviscosity syndrome in one case and frank
      renal involvement in the other) are presented. Extensive seroimmunological
      examinations were carried out, along with histopathological studies designed to
      reveal significant changes in organs and tissues, particularly the skin and
      kidneys. Reference is briefly made to the debate pathogenesis of the
      immunological phenomenon that probably lies at the root of the disease. A short
      account is also given of attempts at treatment with corticosteroids,
      immunosuppressors and plasmapheresis.

PMID- 1207943
TI  - [Alkaptonuria with ochronosis and monoclonal gammopathy].
AB  - A case of alkaptonuria with ochronosis is described. It is suggested that such
      cases are not so much rare as unobserved. Their aetiology is to be sought in a
      metabolic error, though the pathogenesis is not clear. The syndrome is of
      interest because ochronosis, wich is the articular manifestation, is one of the
      few rheumatological affections with a certain aetiology. The case described is
      unusual on account of the presence of monoclonal gammopathy. Since the presence
      of myeloma and macroglobulinaemia could be excluded, an immunological relation
      was sought between the alkaptonuria and the particular serological picture.

PMID- 1207944
TI  - [Use of coil negative pressure in the kidney].
AB  - A sealed compartment recycling system has been created for use with
      Extracorporeal commercial filters in order to exploit the negative pressure of
      the dialysate for purposes of ultrafiltration. The results of in vivo and in
      vitro tests regarding ultrafiltration and dialysates of urea, creatinine, Hipaque
      I125 and vit. B12 Co57 are reported. The tests highlighted improved dehydration
      characteristics in the system compared with the traditional coil technique, while
      the dialysates of small and medium molecules showed no decrease. The system can
      profitably be used as an alternative to the open compartment coil system and is
      particularly interesting because it can be combined with monitors which provide
      exclusively for the use of closed circuit dialysate instruments.

PMID- 1207942
TI  - [Technic and indications for acupuncture in psychiatry].
AB  - On the basis of personal experience in the People's Republic of China, Chinese
      Psychiatry and acupuncture are reviewed. The application technique is described
      and the syndromes in which it is most indicated discussed. Its association with
      psychodrugs is also considered.

PMID- 1207945
TI  - [Endemic goiter and inflammatory lesions of the hypothalamus].
AB  - Inflammation of the hypothalamus, consisting of perivasal parvicellular sleeves
      between the paraventricular nucleus rostrally, the mamillary nuclei caudally, 3rd
      ventricle wall below the sulcus, medially and o sagittal plane taken a little
      beyond the column of the fornix laterally--i.e. in the space shown to include the
      hypophysothyrotropic structures by experimental physiopathology--was observed in
      a woman with endemic goitre. Reference is made to a similar finding in goitrous
      dogs from enzootic areas of Piedmon. Epidemiological and clinical considerations
      are put forwary for the view that endemic goitre is responsible for primary
      cerebral damage, perhaps of encephalitic origin.

PMID- 1207946
TI  - [Case of severe renal insufficiency appearing during a course of viral
      hepatitis].
AB  - Notes on the literature data concerning renal alterations observed in the course
      of virus diseases, and on the results of experiments designed to show the
      nephrotoxic action of viruses and their possible investigation of certain
      nephropathies, are followed by the presentation of a case of serious renal
      insufficiency in a young woman with virus hepatitis. The clinical data, the
      history and the results of blood chemistry and function tests showed this to be
      attributable to glomerulonephritis, probably caused by the same virus.

PMID- 1207947
TI  - [Medical and pseudomedical reflections on the politico-socio-economic conflicts
      in the environment of the armed forces].

PMID- 1207948
TI  - [Drug and antisocial behavior problems in the military community].

PMID- 1207949
TI  - [Levy military service: revealing moment of the personality of the young].

PMID- 1207950
TI  - [Action of command: relationship between aggressivity and non-violence].

PMID- 1207951
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of psychiatric prevention in the environment of
      Armed Forces].

PMID- 1207952
TI  - [Studies on the adrenergic innervation of the human umbilical cord].

PMID- 1207953
TI  - [Pathogenesis and physiopathology of thromboembolic disease of the lower
      extremities in pregnancy].

PMID- 1207954
TI  - [Clinico-experimental results of the use of alpha F2 prostaglandin in some
      obstetrical physiopathological conditions].

PMID- 1207955
TI  - [Vaginal hyaluronidase activity in some pathological conditions. III. Cervico
      vaginitis].

PMID- 1207956
TI  - [A possible cause of conjugal sterility. Damage of nematospermia by ABO
      antibodies present in the vagina].

PMID- 1207957
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects of vomiting of pregnancy].

PMID- 1207958
TI  - [Uterine adhesions and menstrual deficiency. Results of treatment in 21 cases].

PMID- 1207959
TI  - [Severe complications of septic abortion. I. Nephrovascular complications].

PMID- 1207960
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism in placentas of diabetic pregnant women. Note I].

PMID- 1207961
TI  - [Clinico-statistical correlations between the Apgar index and pathology of the
      placenta].

PMID- 1207962
TI  - [Placental alkaline phosphatase in pregnancy at term. Normal and pathological
      values].

PMID- 1207963
TI  - [Radioimmunological study of human chorionic gonadotropin in cases of abortion].

PMID- 1207964
TI  - [Data on surgical technic in stress urinary incontinence].

PMID- 1207965
TI  - [Treatment of Trichomonas vulvovaginitis with alpha-tenoyl-amino-2-nitro-5
      thiazole and of mycoses with nystatin].

PMID- 1207966
TI  - [MAP in the therapy of adenocarcionoma of the endometrium. Immediate clinical
      results and general endocrine effects].

PMID- 1207967
TI  - [Use of 6-(10-dihydroxyundecyl)-beta-resorcylic acid mu-lactone in the therapy of
      the climacteric syndrome and menopause].

PMID- 1207968
TI  - [Treatment of threatened abortion in a serotonin antagonist. Clinico-statistical
      data].

PMID- 1207969
TI  - [Purposes and results of psychotherapeutic interview in a hemodialysis
      department].

PMID- 1207970
TI  - [Hemodialysis in aged patients. Clinical aspects and complications].

PMID- 1207971
TI  - [Clinical and organizational aspects of home hemodialysis].

PMID- 1207972
TI  - [Aspects of phosphorus-calcium metabolism in obstructive nephropathy].

PMID- 1207973
TI  - [Some aspects of hyperlipemia in the nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 1207974
TI  - [Uremic osteodystrophy].

PMID- 1207975
TI  - [Hemodialysis with regenerative electrolyte bath through activated carbon. 18
      months' clinical experience].

PMID- 1207976
TI  - [New dialysis strategies. Effect on acid-base equilibrium, pO2 and pCO2].

PMID- 1207977
TI  - [Multiple reuse of the capillary kidney by washing with 0.25 M NaOH].

PMID- 1207978
TI  - [Importance of the sodium content of the dialytic fluid in periodic hemodialysis.
      Data on the behavior of arterial pressure, corporeal sodium pattern and the
      plasma renin activity in some hypertensive, chronic uremic patients treated with
      dialysis with a bath with varying sodium content].

PMID- 1207979
TI  - [The Landry-Guillain-Barre-strohl syndrome in the course of rheumatoid purpura
      with acute glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1207980
TI  - [Relations between hypercellularity and proliferation. Ultrastructural studies in
      membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1207982
TI  - [Photocoagulation as a method of treatment of retinoschisis].

PMID- 1207981
TI  - Histogenesis of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (disseminated fibrosing
      deciduosis).
AB  - Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare clinical entity.
      Widespread subperitoneal nodules of apparent smooth muscle are found in patients
      who are pregnant or have recently been so. This clinical appearance together with
      mitotic figures found in frozen sections suggests malignancy. We believe, in
      contrast, that LPD is a benign reparative process in which fibroblasts replace
      subperitoneal decidua.

PMID- 1207983
TI  - [Effectiveness of surgical treatment of retinoschisis].

PMID- 1207984
TI  - [Retinoschisis and retinal cysts].

PMID- 1207985
TI  - [Ophthalmorheographic examinations in hypertensive disease and glaucoma].

PMID- 1207986
TI  - [Size and localization of bone aperture in external dacryocystorhinostomy].

PMID- 1207987
TI  - [Tonographic and rheoophthalmographic studies].

PMID- 1207988
TI  - [Effect of ultrasonics on hemodynamics, intraocular pressure and visual functions
      in patients with glaucoma].

PMID- 1207990
TI  - [Role of antibodies to uveal tissue in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of
      uveitis].

PMID- 1207989
TI  - [Level of certain metalloproteins of blood in development and treatment of
      neoplasms of the uveal tract].

PMID- 1207991
TI  - [Secondary glaucoma after extraction of congenital cataract in children].

PMID- 1207992
TI  - [State of external ocular muscles in strabismus of different duration].

PMID- 1207993
TI  - [Elastotonometric studies in hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1207994
TI  - [Correlation of certain elements in drainage zone in the right and left eyes of
      healthy persons].

PMID- 1207995
TI  - [Remote results of sinusodilatation].

PMID- 1207996
TI  - [Functional and structural changes of the macula lutea as a cause of vision
      disorder in strabismus].

PMID- 1207997
TI  - [Precise localization of metallic foreign bodies in the eye by means of
      metallolocalizer].

PMID- 1207999
TI  - [Spontaneous elimination of amagnetic foreign body from the eye].

PMID- 1207998
TI  - [Tay-Sachs disease].

PMID- 1208000
TI  - [Teratoma of the left orbit].

PMID- 1208001
TI  - [Prevention of progressive myopia by the scleroplasty method].

PMID- 1208002
TI  - [Local indentation of the sclera by means of the Achilles tendon in the treatment
      of retinal detachment].

PMID- 1208003
TI  - [Personal experience with keratoprosthesis].

PMID- 1208004
TI  - [Decrease in industrial losses as a result of the prevention of eye injury in
      Coal mines].

PMID- 1208005
TI  - [Organization and methods of restorative treatment in damage to the organ of
      vision].

PMID- 1208006
TI  - [Intermittent strabismus in children].

PMID- 1208007
TI  - [Mechanism of lengthening of the eyeball in myopia].

PMID- 1208008
TI  - [Effectiveness of the treatment of cataracts by means of sodium thiosulfates].

PMID- 1208009
TI  - [Autonomic changes in the organ of vision in cervical osteochondritis].

PMID- 1208010
TI  - [Inversion of the color fields of vision in scotopic conditions in persons with
      normal visual functions].

PMID- 1208011
TI  - [Improvement of the photostress test method and its use for the diagnosis of
      diseases of the macular region of the retina].

PMID- 1208012
TI  - [Results of study of the organ of vision in the dynamics of students of schools
      for blind and poor-sighted children in the L'vov region].

PMID- 1208013
TI  - [Comparative ultrastructural characteristics of changes in the pathways of the
      drainage angle of the anterior chamber of the eye in experimental glaucoma and
      transitory hypertension].

PMID- 1208014
TI  - [Study of the local toxicity of some cyanoacrylate glues on the tissues of the
      eyeball and the means of their reduction].

PMID- 1208015
TI  - [Intracorneal transplantation of the sclera as a method of closing defects of the
      iris in experiments].

PMID- 1208016
TI  - [Some peculiarities of the Fogt-Kojanagy-Harada syndrome].

PMID- 1208017
TI  - [Surgical removal of congenital coloboma of the iris in both eyes].

PMID- 1208018
TI  - [Portable illuminator of charts for the examination of visual acuity].

PMID- 1208019
TI  - [Results of the trial of an ophthalmological complex for the eye department of a
      regional polyclinic].

PMID- 1208020
TI  - Primary melanoma of the vagina. Clinicopathologic study of 7 cases.

PMID- 1208021
TI  - Studies on tumor variability. V. In vivo and in vitro investigations on H10Z
      tumor lymph node metastasis.
AB  - In vivo and in vitro investigations of a Syrian hamster tumor metastasis in the
      lymph node (H10Zm) in comparison with the primary tumor (H10Z) are performed. It
      is shown that the metastasis differs from the primary tumor by the prevalence of
      M secondary cell type characterized by globulous appearance, decreased adhesion
      and the presence of two long submetacentric marker chromosomes. Since a cell type
      with such cytogenetical characters was also found in the primary tumor as well as
      in a non-metastasizing tumor variant, it is suggested that the role of the
      induction-selection phenomenon in the occurrence of H10Z tumor metastases, i.e.,
      new inductor agents occurred in the tumor's environment, might produce the
      induction of certain repressed mutant genes in M secondary cell type, bringing
      about certain phenotypical alterations (e.g., the decrease of the mutual cell
      adhesion) which could favorize the migration and selection of this cell type.

PMID- 1208022
TI  - In vitro cultivation of human tumor tissues.
AB  - In order to develop cell substrates suitable for the isolation of human
      oncornaviruses, a large number of human tumors, mostly sarcomas, were sultured in
      vitro. All explants yielded primary outgrowth of cells. These were of various
      nature and morphology and exhibited different growth potentials. About 40% of the
      tumors yielded cell strains which were undistinguishable from diploid human
      embryonic cell strains. About 20% yielded 'difficult' diploid cultures; 35%
      yielded short-term cultures mostly composed of undefinable cells, rarely of
      clearly recognizable tumor cells. About 5% yielded cell strains or lines which
      were aberrant in morphology or karyotype, or both. The malignant nature of the
      cell strains obtained in our study is conjecturable. Although some of the cell
      cultures showed evidence of tumoral origin, none complied with currently employed
      in vitro criteria for malignancy such as lack of topoinhibition and high density
      growth.

PMID- 1208023
TI  - Multiple primary malignancies in patients with alcoholic liver disease. A report
      of two cases.
AB  - Two patients, each with three primary malignant neoplasms are presented. In an
      effort to identify a possible common denominator of induction of these tumors, it
      was found that both patients were alcoholics with liver disease, and that both
      had impaired delayed hypersensitivity reactions. The possibility of an increased
      susceptibility to cancer among alcoholics with liver disease is noted and the
      need for careful follow-up of these patients is suggested.

PMID- 1208024
TI  - Use of hydrazine sulfate in terminal and preterminal cancer patients: results of
      investigational new drug (IND) study in 84 evaluable patients.
AB  - In a series of 84 various evaluable disseminated cancer patients treated with
      hydrazine sulfate as a result of a pharmaceutical-sponsored investigational new
      drug (IND) study, it was found that 59/84 or 70% of the cases improved
      subjectively and 14/84 or 17% improved objectively. Subjective responses included
      increased appetite with either weight gain or cessation of weight loss, increase
      in strength and improved performance status and decrease in pain. Objective
      responses included measurable tumor regression, disappearance of or decrease in
      neoplastic-associated disorders and long-term (over 1 year) 'stabilized
      condition'. Of the overall 59 subjective improvements 25 (42%) had no concurrent
      or prior (within 3 months) anticancer therapy of any type. Of the 14 objective
      improvements 7 (50%) had no concurrent or prior anticancer therapy. Of the
      remaining cases in which there was either concurrent or prior anticancer therapy,
      improvements occurred only after the addition of hydrazine sulfate to the
      treatment regimen. Duration of improvement was variable, from temporary to long
      term and continuing. Side effects were mild, comprising for the most part low
      incidences of extremity paresthesias, nausea, pruritus and drowsiness; there was
      no indication of bone marrow depression.

PMID- 1208025
TI  - Primary C-cell hyperplasia within a nodule of thyroid isthmus.
AB  - The electron microscopy method was used to study one case of primary C-cell
      hyperplasia in 'hot' thyroid nodule of isthmus. Hyperplasia of the light form of
      C cells was found within nodule tissue. It suggests that C-cell hyperplasia
      within the nodule as well as in normal thyroid tissue plays a role preceding C
      cell carcinoma.

PMID- 1208026
TI  - Pseudomyxoma peritonei: report of an unusual case.
AB  - Pseudomyxoma peritonei, a rare disease, is characterized by accumulation of
      mucinous material in the peritoneal cavity and is commonly caused by ovarian
      tumors or appendicular lesions. This report presents necropsy findings of an
      unusual case of pseudomyxoma peritonei caused by dissemination of mucinous
      adenocarcinoma of the stomach, hitherto unreported in literature.

PMID- 1208027
TI  - Genetic factors in breast cancer. Identification of a high risk group by means of
      dermatoglyphic investigation.
AB  - We have studied dermatoglyphic traits in a group of breast cancer patients.
      Comparison with a control group demonstrated that it is possible to delineate a
      high-risk group for the breast carcinoma through certain characteristic patterns
      of the surface markings of the hands.

PMID- 1208029
TI  - Effects of diltiazem hydrochloride on embryonic development: species differences
      in the susceptibility and stage specificity in mice, rats, and rabbits.

PMID- 1208028
TI  - Combined 5-fluorouracil and hydroxyurea therapy for gastrointestinal cancer.
AB  - 19 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal malignancy were treated with a
      regimen of 5-fluorouracil (FU) 500 mg/m2 intravenously and hydroxyurea (HU) 80
      MG/KG orally administered on consecutive days weekly. Antitumor responses were
      not observed and an unusually high incidence of neurotoxicity (21%) was noted
      related to dose. It is suggested that the lack of therapeutic effect and the
      observed toxicity may be related to the biochemical interaction of FU and HU
      resulting in an inability to convert FU to the active metabolite and an
      accumulation of catabolic products with neurotoxic effects.

PMID- 1208030
TI  - Radiologic anatomy of the abdominal aorta and their large branches.

PMID- 1208031
TI  - Intraocular lenses: one hundred consecutive cases of intracapsular cataract
      extraction with Copeland iris plane lens implantation.
AB  - A series of one hundred consecutive cases of intracapsular cataract extractions
      with insertion of the Copeland iris plane intraocular lens implant are presented.
      The preoperative management, surgical technique, and postoperative management are
      discussed in detail. Complications that may arise during surgery, early
      postoperative phase (first week), convalescent period (one to six weeks), and
      early long-term phase (1.5 through eight months) are presented and discussed.
      Short-term results to data have been most gratifying. The incidence of surgical
      complications closely parallels any consecutive series of one hundred
      intracapsular cataract extractions without lens implantation. The usual problems
      associated with adjustment to aphakia (particularly unilateral) are eliminated to
      the relief of patient and surgeon. The level of patient satisfaction is extremely
      high in comparison with standard cataract surgery. Elderly patients experience a
      sense of social rejuvenation that is phenomenal.

PMID- 1208032
TI  - The surgical treatment of post-pseudophakos membranes.
AB  - Eleven patients who had previous pseudophakos surgery had secondary surgery for
      discission of post-lenticular membranes. The secondary surgery was performed 1
      1/2 to 36 months after initial pseudophakos surgery. The results were excellent
      in ten out of the eleven cases. The surgical technique is atraumatic and well
      tolerated.

PMID- 1208033
TI  - Prognosis and treatment of perforating ocular injuries. The John Luhr memorial
      lecture.
AB  - A review of 77 perforating ocular injuries was undertaken with emphasis on
      prognostic indicators and a better approach to therapy. The most common cause of
      perforating eye injuries was violence. It was found that over one fourth of the
      cases resulted in blindness or enucleation. Scleral involvement had a grave
      prognosis with nearly half of the eyes lost to blindness or enucleation. When
      vitreous was involved, 70% of the eyes were lost. The social disability
      associated with perforating ocular injuries is a significant factor.
      Microsurgical therapy must be carefully planned for each case and radical
      treatment of the lens and vitreous is essential. Serial sub-tenons steroids are
      necessary to decrease the destructive fibrosis associated with the healing
      process. It is felt that this retrospective review establishes a clear
      relationship between inadequate surgical technique and blind eyes while providing
      suggestions to prevent further blindness.

PMID- 1208034
TI  - The office forced ductions test.

PMID- 1208035
TI  - A new intraocular foreign body retriever.
AB  - A new intraocular foreign body retriever especially suited for removal of small
      nonmagnetic foreign bodies was devised. Initial clinical trials have proved
      satisfactory, especially with vitreous surgery.

PMID- 1208036
TI  - Some considerations concerning care of ophthalmic patients in modern general
      community hospital practice.

PMID- 1208037
TI  - Optic discoscopy through a miotic pupil.
AB  - A technique is described whereby visualization of the posterior pole of the
      retina is accomplished through a very miotic pupil. The technique is simple and
      quick to perform. A wide field of view is maintained as well as stereopsis.

PMID- 1208038
TI  - Macular vision following retinal detachment surgery.
AB  - We studied 100 retinal detachment patients with macular involvement who had
      successful scleral buckling procedures using encircling fascia lata. Aphakic
      patients and patients with pre-existing ocular pathology in addition to the
      detachment were not excluded from the series. Follow-ups of one year or more
      (average 26.1 months) were available for 77 of the patients. Forty-four of these
      patients (56.5%) achieved acuities of 20/60 or better. The duration of the
      detachment was an important prognostic factor; one month was the critical period
      for the duration of the detachment. The existence of preoperative ocular
      pathology in addition to the detachment was also an important prognostic
      indicator. There was no significant difference in the visual acuities of phakic
      versus aphakic patients. Half of the patients studied with respect to refractive
      error became more myopic with an average change of -1.01 diopters.

PMID- 1208039
TI  - Optimized underwater diathermy for vitreous surgery.
AB  - The properties of radio frequency (RF) diathermy currents are briefly reviewed.
      The inadequacy of damped currents is stressed. The recommended machine generates
      a frequency of 13.56 MHz. It has a power amplifier, crystal control, coaxial lead
      from machine to handle, and an impedance of 200 ohms. The two types of electrodes
      and handles described are shielded from the electrode tip to the diathermy
      machine. One has a short handle, and an electrode angulated at 35degrees, used in
      open-sky vitrectomies. The other has a longer handle and straight probe, and is
      provided with a system for saline infusion. It is used in closed transscleral
      operations. Electrodes require 35 to 50% more current when used underwater than
      when used on dry sclera. If charring of tissue is to be avoided, it is advisable
      to keep the intensity near the level at which gas bubbles form at the electrode
      tip. Blood vessels can be closed reliably and safely with these electrodes.

PMID- 1208041
TI  - Phakoemulsification with vitrectomy through the pars plana.
AB  - Phakoemulsification through a pars plana incision has been performed on 30
      patients, as the initial portion of a combined lensectomy-vitrectomy operation.
      The technical ease of accomplishing lens removal and the reduced stress on the
      cornea and irido-ciliary area are described.

PMID- 1208040
TI  - Intraocular irrigating solutions for clinical vitrectomy.
AB  - Two different intraocular irrigating solutions were used during pars plana
      vitrectomy. Use of glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer's (GBR) solution resulted in
      significantly fewer corneal complications and less endothelial damage when
      compared to lactated Ringer's solution. The visual results were disappointing.

PMID- 1208042
TI  - Vitamin A deficiency in the captive African lion cub Panthera loe (Linnaeus,
      1758).
AB  - Dietary, breeding and clinical histories and pathological findings are presented
      from 2 confirmed and 5 presumed cases of vitamin A deficiency in immature African
      lions. Five of the 7 animals were born in the wild while 2 were born in
      captivity. All animals were fed lean red meat sprinkled with a vitamin/mineral
      supplement. Salient clinical signs were incoordination, "star gazing", blindness
      and intermittent convulsions. Pathological lesions seen in 4 animals included
      severe thickening of the cranial bones, with consequent marked compression of the
      brain and partial herniation of the cerebellum. Vascular damage in the cerebellum
      and ensuing haemorrhages, resulting in acute increases of an already high
      intracranial pressure, were thought to be the cause of some of the clinical
      signs, particularly convulsions rather than direct pressure-necrosis and atrophy
      of nervous tissue.

PMID- 1208044
TI  - An apparatus for the restraint of sheep during infestation with schistosomes.
AB  - With this adjustable apparatus sheep aged from five months to five years and
      varying in mass from 16-95 kg could be restrained effectively. Cercarial
      suspension was split by only 2/44 sheep during infestation with Schistosoma
      mattheei. Using a battery of seven cages, it was possible to infest 23 sheep,
      each for 30 minutes, in one day. No cercariae were more than 4-1/2 hours old at
      the end of exposure.

PMID- 1208043
TI  - Studies on schistosomiasis. 7. A comparison of various methods for the
      infestation of sheep with Schistosoma mattheei.
AB  - The percutaneous (leg and thorax and abdomen) and subcutaneous routes of
      infestation with Schistosoma mattheei were compared in 29 sheep. Larger
      percentages of cercariae developed after percutaneous than subcutaneous
      infestation and the difference was highly significant (P less than 0,0001).
      Furthermore, if the leg was used for percutaneous infestation worm development
      was significantly higher (P less than 0,02) when the skin was washed thoroughly
      in water before exposing it to cercariae, than when it was left unwashed. Washing
      was apparently not necessary if the thorax and abdomen served as the route of
      infestation.

PMID- 1208045
TI  - [Comparative evaluation and indications for different methods of osteosynthesis
      in closed fractures of bones of the limbs].

PMID- 1208046
TI  - [Treatment of fractures by the method of intraosseous metalosteosynthesis].

PMID- 1208047
TI  - [Use of stable plunged osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1208048
TI  - [Certain theoretical and practical problems of adhesive ultrasonic
      osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1208050
TI  - [Use of transosseous compression-distraction osteosynthesis in reconstructive
      surgery of the musculo-skeletal apparatus].

PMID- 1208049
TI  - [Certain problems of reparative regeneration of open fractures after ultrasonic
      osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1208051
TI  - [Method of study of the effectiveness of treatment of fractures].

PMID- 1208052
TI  - [Mechanical strength of bone regenerate formed under conditions of distraction
      osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1208053
TI  - [Rate of distraction in lengthening of the long tubular bones].

PMID- 1208054
TI  - [Physico-mechanical properties of the forearm bones].

PMID- 1208055
TI  - [Effect of ultrasonic oscillations on the cartilage and bone tissues].

PMID- 1208056
TI  - [Closed reposition of chronic oblique and spiral fractures of the tibia with the
      aid of Gudushauri's apparatus].

PMID- 1208057
TI  - [Errors and complications in treatment of close diaphyseal fractures of the
      forearm bones].

PMID- 1208058
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of different methods of osteosynthesis in fractures of
      the clavicle].

PMID- 1208059
TI  - [Method of treatment of oblique, spiral and large-fragment diaphyseal fractures
      of the long tubular bones].

PMID- 1208060
TI  - [Treatment of ununited fractures and pseudarthroses of bones of the upper limb].

PMID- 1208061
TI  - [Closed osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures by the method of intramedullary
      fixation with massive metal pins].

PMID- 1208062
TI  - [Transfocal compression osteosynthesis of oblique and spiral fractures of the
      crural bones].

PMID- 1208063
TI  - [Dosage of tension forces of Kirschner's pins in the Ilizarov's apparatus].

PMID- 1208064
TI  - [Effect of bone nails on the vascular system of bone].

PMID- 1208065
TI  - [Method od compression osteosynthesis of fractures of the distal end of humerus].

PMID- 1208066
TI  - [Transcutaneous temporary osteosynthesis of fractures of the inner supracondyle
      of the humerus in children].

PMID- 1208067
TI  - [T-nail for osteosynthesis of the femur neck].

PMID- 1208068
TI  - [Method of accelerated mounting of the compression-distraction appartus].

PMID- 1208069
TI  - [Method of fixation of fragments of the tubular bones].

PMID- 1208070
TI  - [Transcondylar and supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children].

PMID- 1208071
TI  - [Introfuction of the results of scientific research into the practice of
      traumatology and orthopedics].

PMID- 1208072
TI  - [Certain characteristics of teaching traumatology and orthopedics to students of
      the sanitary-hygienic departments of medical institutes].

PMID- 1208073
TI  - [Complex use of physical exercises in diskogenic pain syndrome].

PMID- 1208074
TI  - [Rehabilitation of children after surgical treatment of congenital hip
      dislocation under condition of mud therapy resort].

PMID- 1208075
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the methods of treatment of Perthes disease in
      children under sanatorium conditions].

PMID- 1208076
TI  - [Dispensary observation of patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis].

PMID- 1208077
TI  - [Ambulatory treatment of humero-scapular periarthritis, humeral epicondylitis and
      radial styloiditis by local injections of hydrocortisone].

PMID- 1208078
TI  - [Indications for early synovio-capsulectomy in children with infectious
      nonspecific (rheumatoid) polyarthritis].

PMID- 1208080
TI  - [Orthopedic and sanatorium-health resort therapy of patients with infantile
      cerebral palsy].

PMID- 1208079
TI  - [Clinico-physiological basis and results of treatment of patients with infantile
      cerebral palsy].

PMID- 1208081
TI  - [Arthrography in Legg-Perthes disease].

PMID- 1208083
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the distal end of tibia].

PMID- 1208082
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of different isotopes in diagnosis of tumors of the
      musculo-skeletal apparatus].

PMID- 1208084
TI  - [Isolated fractures of the posterior process of the talus].

PMID- 1208085
TI  - [Hematogenic and traumatic osteomyelitis in children].

PMID- 1208086
TI  - [Certain immuno-allergic reactions in patients with aftereffects of epiphyseal
      osteomyelitis and their clinical significance].

PMID- 1208087
TI  - [Radioisotope diagnosis of active foci of chronic osteomyelitis of the tubular
      bones].

PMID- 1208088
TI  - [Electromyophony as one of the methods of therapeutic gymnastics].

PMID- 1208089
TI  - [Method of treatment of osteochondrosis and spondyloarthrosis at the Liuben
      Velikii health resort].

PMID- 1208090
TI  - [Results of sanatorium-health resort treatment of young children with cerebral
      palsy].

PMID- 1208091
TI  - [Spiral fixator for treatment of fractures of tubular bones of the hand].

PMID- 1208092
TI  - [Organization of rehabilitation of patients with disorders of the musculo
      skeletal apparatus under conditions of the Odessa health resort].

PMID- 1208093
TI  - [Apparatus for restoration of movements in the joint].

PMID- 1208094
TI  - [Derotation fixator of the lower limb and bed table].

PMID- 1208095
TI  - [Device for tightening of ligaments during their plastic reconstruction].

PMID- 1208096
TI  - [75th anniversary of the first Chair of Traumatology and Orthopedics in our
      country].

PMID- 1208097
TI  - Life and chirality beyond the earth.
AB  - An attempt is made to show that the phenomenon of chirality- of which optical
      activity is but one consequence- is by no means restricted to life on Earth, but
      is common throughout the universe. Several independent sources have been
      investigated including: statistical fluctuations; stereoselective physical
      factors; and energetic differences between enantiomeric molecules. It is
      emphasised that a search for chirality as an indicator for life elsewhere in
      space provides an excellent tool for the fascinating question of exobiology.
      Still one must be aware of the limitations of the experimental methods and their
      interpretations.

PMID- 1208098
TI  - The mechanisms of amino acids synthesis by high temperature shock-waves.
AB  - The mechanisms of amino acids synthesis behind high temperature shock-waves were
      elucidated and distinction was made between the steps occurring in the gas phase
      and those occurring in solution. In the presence of water vapor, aldehydes and
      HCN are formed separately in regions of different temperatures along the reacting
      gas. The aldehydes and ammonia condense to aldimines which add HCN to form alpha
      amino nitriles, all in the gas phase. The hydrolysis to amino acids takes place
      in solution. In the absence of water vapor, aldimines and HCN are formed in the
      gas phase but condense to alpha-amino nitriles only in solution. A fair amount of
      oxygen only lowers the production of amino acids, which consequently could be
      still produced in the presence of oxygen in the Earth's primitive atmoshere. The
      waterless mechanism can operate in the Jovian atmosphere and supply it with ample
      amounts of amino acids, especially aspartic.

PMID- 1208099
TI  - Effect of H2S on the formation of organic compounds from C, N,H, S model
      atmospheres submitted to a glow discharge.
AB  - H2S has been often invoked as the initial source of sulfur in prebiotic
      evolution, and several sulfur-containing compounds have been proposed as
      intermediates in the primordial synthesis of biologically relevant sulfur
      containing chemicals. The possibilities of synthesis of the principal key
      intermediates by glow discharges in CH4-N2-H2S mixtures is studied. It is shown
      that synthesis of important intermediates such as HCN, (CN)2, CHCCN and CH3SH is
      possible from such mixtures if the amount of H2S is not more than 10%. For higher
      amounts of H2S, the syntheses are strongly inhibited.

PMID- 1208100
TI  - Transformation of some hydroxy amino acids to other amino acids.
AB  - It has been observed that beta-hydroxy-alpha-amino acids are transformed into
      other amino acids, when heated in dilute solutions with phosphorous acid,
      phosphoric acid or their ammonium salts. It has been shown that as in the case of
      previously reported glycine-aldehyde reactions, glycine also reacts with acetone
      to give beta-hydroxyvaline under prebiologically feasible conditions. It is
      suggested, therefore, that the formation of beta-hydroxy-alpha-amino acids and
      their transformation to other amino acids may have been a pathway for the
      synthesis of amino acids under primitive earth conditions.

PMID- 1208101
TI  - Methyleneaminoacetonitrile: possible role in chemical evolution-II.
AB  - Methyleneaminoacetonitrile (MAAN) when reacted with other amino acids, gives rise
      to the formation of peptides in addition to the usual hydrolytic products. It
      acts as a precursor of glycine and also as a dehydration condensing agent. It has
      been shown that MAAN is easily formed by the reaction of hydrogen cyanide,
      ammonia and formaldehyde as well as by the reaction of formaldehyde with
      aminoacetonitrile, in dilute ammoniacal solution.

PMID- 1208102
TI  - Search for amino acids in Apollo returned lunar soil.
AB  - The lunar samples from Apollo flights 11 through 17 provided the students of
      chemical evolution with an opportunity of examining extraterrestrial materials
      for evidence of early prebiological chemistry in the solar system. Our search was
      directed to water-extractable compounds with emphasis on amino acids. Gas
      chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and gas chromatography combined with
      mass spectrometry were used for the analysis. It is our conclusion that amino
      acids are not present in the lunar regolith above the background levels of our
      investigations.

PMID- 1208104
TI  - [Chronic lead poisoning in infancy].

PMID- 1208103
TI  - The origin of the genetic code.
AB  - A new approach to the origin of the genetic code is proposed based on some
      regularities in the nucleotide distribution pattern of the code. The relative
      amounts of various amino acids in primitive proteins were possibly different from
      those in organisms living today. The primordial ratio was supposed to shift to
      the modern one guided by the action of primitive nucleotides. Each primitive tRNA
      had a discriminator site and, distinguished from it, an anticodon site. It also
      postulated that primordially each amino acid could correspond to a wide variety
      of codons. During the course of the evolutionary change, a selective mechanism
      worked among the protobionts so that less frequent nucleotides became associated
      with more abundant amino acids in the primordial conditions,thus finally leading
      to the present codon catalogue.

PMID- 1208106
TI  - [Pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathies].

PMID- 1208105
TI  - [Comparative study of reverse passive hemagglutination and other methods for the
      determination of HBsAg].

PMID- 1208108
TI  - [Dental complications in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1208107
TI  - [Hyperoxia test in congenital heart defects in newborn and young infants].

PMID- 1208109
TI  - [Letter: Thoughts on a discussion; "The value of Kunkel's method in the
      determination of total lipids"].

PMID- 1208110
TI  - [Chromatographic studies of lipids especially of phosphatides in the spleen].

PMID- 1208111
TI  - [Report on results of the Research Project 08 - health care in childhood and
      adolescence].

PMID- 1208112
TI  - Osteopetrosis associated with familial paraplegia: report of a family.
AB  - A clinical analysis of three members of a family with documented osteopetrosis
      and familial paraplegia is presented. All patients had a long history of
      increased bone density and slowly progressing paraparesis of both legs. A
      thorough review of the literature has revealed no other cases which presented
      with paraplegia without spinal cord compression. Although the etiologic factor or
      factors remain unknown, our review supports the contention that this is a
      distinct clinical entity.

PMID- 1208114
TI  - Changes in the upper urinary tract as demonstrated on intravenous pyelography and
      micturating cysto-urethrography in patients with spinal cord injury.
AB  - 1. Thirty-two per cent of cases examined by I.V.P. showed evidence of disease (20
      per cent hydronephrosis, 12 per cent chronic pyelonephritis). 2. The incidence of
      V.U. reflux on micturating cysto-urethrography was 13 per cent. V.U. reflux is
      associated with chronic pyelonephritis in a high proportion of cases as would be
      expected. A normal pyelogram does not exclude V.U. reflux as mentioned by Cobb
      (1966). 3. Patients with complete paralysis show a significantly high incidence
      of chronic pyelonephritis, hydronephritis and V.U. reflux. 4. In case of
      unilateral hydronephrosis and chronic pyelonephritis there is a striking
      predilection for involvement of the right kidney. The cause for this is not
      evident but possibly the fact that the right ureter is shorter than the left is a
      factor.

PMID- 1208113
TI  - Long-term results of sacral rhizotomy for ureteral reflux in the spinal cord
      injured.

PMID- 1208115
TI  - Anaesthesia of the spinal cord-injured patient: cardiovascular problems and their
      management.
AB  - An increased venous capacity and a decreased myocardial contractility can be
      expected in patients with an acute spinal cord lesion at or above T6. Both
      factors may contribute to a high incidence of arterial hypotension and pulmonary
      oedema in these patients especially during anaesthesia. We feel that the Swan
      Ganz catheter provides valuable information concerning prevention, diagnosis and
      treatment of arterial hypotension and pulmonary oedema. Although there may be
      occasional difficulty in interpretation of measurements from the Swan-Ganz
      catheter if high airway pressures are used, it is a more sensitive monitor than
      C.V.P. measurement and is particularly useful in patients with a sympathectomy
      secondary to spinal cord trauma.

PMID- 1208116
TI  - The use of halothane anaesthesia to control autonomic hyperreflexia during trans
      urethral surgery in spinal cord injury patients.
AB  - Forty-five spinal cord injury patients undergoing trans-urethral surgery were
      anaesthetised using a mixture of nitrous oxide and halothane in oxygen. The use
      of halothane to control the hypertensive manifestations of surgically induced
      autonomic hyperreflexia is discussed.

PMID- 1208117
TI  - Stability of the cervical spine after conservative treatment.
AB  - 175 patients with cervical spine and spinal cord injuries were admitted to the
      Spinal Injuries Unit, Austin Hospital, in the five-year period from the 1 July
      1968, to the 30 June 1973. Only 4-2 per cent of the patients required delayed
      spinal fusion for instability after a conservative treatment regime.

PMID- 1208118
TI  - Stability following fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine.
AB  - After having dealt with over 150 cases of fracture-dislocations of the cervical
      spine, the authors conclude that conservative orthopaedic treatment leads to the
      best results. The lesions are classified in upper and lower cervical spine. The
      latter has been divided into two subgroups according to the presence or abscense
      of neurological involvement. The importance of skull traction and of a well
      moulded minerva plaster jacket is stressed. An adjustable leather collar is a
      useful alternative for immobilisation and exercises, favouring spontaneous
      fusion. In neither group, should surgical fusion be considered a routine
      procedure.

PMID- 1208119
TI  - Cervical spine dislocations with unilateral facet interlocking.
AB  - From this series it would appear that 17-5 per cent (92 cases from a series of
      525) of all cervical lesions associated with spinal cord trauma are dislocations
      with unilateral facet interlocking. This type of dislocation is often missed but
      nevertheless with suitable radiographs the very characteristic radiographic
      appearances are well demonstrated. Two-thirds of these cases are initially
      incomplete neurological lesions which carry a good neurological prognosis
      directly proportional to the degree of initial neurological escape. A significant
      percentage reduce easily on traction alone--51 per cent of the entire series.
      Taking the year 1973, with 17 cases on a standardised regime of treatment and
      disregarding the two cases reduced by immediate manipulation under general
      anaesthesia, ten out of 15 (66 per cent) reduced easily on skull traction alone
      possibly a more realistic figure.

PMID- 1208120
TI  - The behaviour of the nasal mucosa towards blood borne colloidal carbon in
      experimental animals.
AB  - A single dose of 8-16 mg of carbon C11/1431a was injected intravenously into
      rats, guinea-pigs, mice, goats and two pigs. Examination with the naked eye,
      dissecting microscope, light microscope and electron microscope of tissues from
      these animals sacrificed minutes, hours, weeks and up to 23 months after the
      injection revealed phogocytosis of most of the infected carbon by the
      professional phagocytes of the reticuloendothelial system (RES). However, in the
      non-RES sites carbon was trapped in significant amounts in the endothelial cells,
      the interendothelial spaces, pericytes and perivascular macrophages of the
      subepithelial capillaries and venules in the anterior nasal mucosa. The catchment
      area often showed partially fenestrated capillaries and redundant porous basement
      membrane around the venules. The leakage of carbon through these vessels was
      through these vessels was thought to be caused partly by the unusual porosity of
      the vascular walls and partly due to vascular stasis induced by constant loss of
      heat to the inspired air stream in post-natal life. The importance of these
      findings in the predilective localization of several granulomatous diseases and
      various forms of vasculitis in the nasal mucosa id discussed.

PMID- 1208121
TI  - Tumour metastasis in mice with reduced immune reactivity. IV. Restoration of
      relative resistance to metastasis formation in thymectomized sub-lethally
      irradiated mice by spleen cells.
AB  - Adult thymectomy and/or sub-lethal irradiation increased spontaneous metastasis
      formation in several syngeneic murine systems (MCA-induced sarcomas MCG101 in
      C57BL/6J mice, MCG12 in CBA mice and MCA-induced epidermoid carcinoma EpCa1 in
      CBA mice). In order to differentiate between immunological and non-immunological
      effects of these treatments on tumour spread the effects of presumed selective
      restoration of immune competence by transfer of syngeneic spleen cells from
      normal donors shortly after irradiation (1.5 months before tumour
      transplantation) was perfomed. This procedure brought the resistance of
      thymectomized irradiated mice to tumour spread back to the level seen in
      untreated mice, providing further evidence for the conclusion that the indrease
      of tumour spread in this experimental model to a major part was immune-mediated.
      In thymectomized irradiated mice adoptive transfer of concomitant immunity by
      spleen cells from tumour-bearing mice soon after tumour transplantation
      completely inhibited the spread of the highly antigenic MCG101 and reduced that
      of the weakly antigenic MCG12 to control level. In contrast, adoptive transfer
      after tumour resection had no significant effect of the spread from either to the
      tumours.

PMID- 1208122
TI  - In vitro activity of cotrimoxazole on the intracellular multiplication of
      Toxoplasma gondii.
AB  - Cotrimoxazole, from 60 mug/ml, inhibited the replication of Toxoplasma gondii
      within Hela cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages. The percentage of inhibition
      reached practically 100% after 18 hours of treatment at 37 degrees C. More
      prolonged treatment resulted in an eradication of the organisms from the cell
      monolayers. In contrast, similar doses of spiramycin were quite ineffective
      against intracellular toxoplasma. The active doses of cotrimoxazole used were not
      harmful for cell cultures. Cotrimoxazole also destroyed clones (rosaces) of
      toxoplasma which were formed during the past 18 hours of intracellular
      replication in the absence of the drug. Trimethoprim was the only effective
      compound of cotrimoxazole on intracellular parasites; the adjunction of
      sulfamethoxazole produced a marked synergistic effect. The present findings
      confirm the great efficiency of cotrimoxazole in the treatment of experimental
      toxoplasmosis in mice performed previously in this laboratory.

PMID- 1208123
TI  - Histological modifications of the lymph nodes in mice bearing syngeneic grafts of
      tumours induced by methylcholanthrene.
AB  - Light and electron microscopical studies demonstrate that regional but also non
      regional lymph nodes of C57BL mice grafted by tumours, induced by
      methylcholanthrene, are able to elicit a complex immunological response of the
      cellular, as well as of the humoral types. No significant difference was found
      according to the growth rate and the immunogenicity of the six tumours
      investigated. The cellular immunization is predominant during the two first
      weeks. It is mainly characterized by the appearance in the paracortical area of
      numerous immunoblasts which are in close connexions with'dendritic' macrophages
      showing multiple long cytoplasmic expansions. During the same period of time, the
      reticulum cells become hyperplasic in the sinus. From the 15th day to the death
      of the animals, the cellular immunizaiton progressively regresses while a humoral
      immunity develops. It shows itself as an hypertrophy of the lymph follicles and
      an increase in the number of medullary cord plasma cells.

PMID- 1208124
TI  - Effect of angiotensin II upon platelet adhesiveness and the thrombelastogram in
      patients with essential arterial hypertension.
AB  - Platelet adhesiveness increases significantly after angiotensin II
      administration, in pressor and subpressor doses, only in the hypertensive
      patients with urinary infection. The k index on the thrombelastogram decreases
      significantly following angiotensin II infusion in pressor doses both in the
      hypertensive patients with urinary infection and in those without urinary
      infection. At the same time, angiotensin II infusion in pressor and subpressor
      doses determines a significant increase of epsilon index in both hypertensive
      patients with urinary infection and in those without urinary infection. These
      results pose the problem of thrombocyte sensitization by the urinary infection to
      the vasopressor substance. The increased tendency to thrombosis by angiotensin,
      in hypertensive patients with urinary infection, could constitute a mechanism of
      malignant transformation of arterial hypertension.

PMID- 1208125
TI  - [Endogenous serotonin and histamine in the body of white mice with acute and
      latent influenza infections].

PMID- 1208126
TI  - [Interrelationship between the severity of the blood loss and the state of the
      systemic hemodynamics].

PMID- 1208128
TI  - [Ultrastructural alterations in the myocardium caused by injury and blood loss].

PMID- 1208127
TI  - [Activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases, of certain transaminases and of
      lactate dehydrogenase in the plasma of dogs with prolonged hypovolemic
      hypotension and during the recovery period].

PMID- 1208129
TI  - [Kidney pressor and depressor systems in vasorenal hypertension in unilaterally
      nephrectomized rabbits].

PMID- 1208131
TI  - [Study of skin and serum protein fractions in rats after a thermal burn].

PMID- 1208130
TI  - [Energy supply of the arterial wall after its denervation].

PMID- 1208132
TI  - [Dependence of passive anaphylaxis in isolated human organs on the functional
      state of the adrenoreceptors].

PMID- 1208133
TI  - [Effect of alpha-tocopherol and cortisone on some biochemical characteristics of
      allergic hepatitis].

PMID- 1208134
TI  - [Change in erythropoiesis in rats with experimental kidney pathology].

PMID- 1208135
TI  - [Action of benzene on neutrophilopoiesis (the question of modelling a state of
      "exhausted" bone marrow)].

PMID- 1208136
TI  - [Reduced sensitivity of the liver in tumor-bearing animals to the action of
      hydrocortisone].

PMID- 1208137
TI  - [Water metabolism under conditions of a strict 49-day bed regimen with an
      antiorthostatic posture of the test subjects].

PMID- 1208139
TI  - [Possibility of erythropoietin participation in the regulation of certain
      immunological processes].

PMID- 1208138
TI  - [Characteristics of mineral metabolism in rats under the effect of
      thyrocalcitonin in experimental dietary caries].

PMID- 1208140
TI  - [Phase structure of the left ventricular systole in deafferentation of the
      sinocarotid reflexogenic zones in adult dogs and in puppies].

PMID- 1208141
TI  - [Serotonin metabolism in acute renal ischemia].

PMID- 1208142
TI  - [12-channel polarographic apparatus based on the EPP-09 recorder].

PMID- 1208143
TI  - [Editorial: Pathoclinical problems in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1208144
TI  - [Hodgkin's disease diagnosed at autopsy].

PMID- 1208145
TI  - [Autoradiographic examination of gastric mucosa in vitro].

PMID- 1208146
TI  - [Ultrastructure of rat thymus in early stages of magnesium deficiency].

PMID- 1208148
TI  - [Studies on biological activity of thymus extracts (TFX). I. Effect on the blood
      picture and lymphatic organs in mice].

PMID- 1208147
TI  - [Blood levels of thymosin in rats in magnesium deficiency].

PMID- 1208149
TI  - [Tuberculosis in the course of leukemia].

PMID- 1208150
TI  - [Pathomorphology of ependymal tumors with special reference to their mode of
      proliferation].

PMID- 1208151
TI  - [Meckel's diverticulum].

PMID- 1208153
TI  - [Cushing's syndrome in thymus neoplasms structurally resembling carcinoid tumor].

PMID- 1208152
TI  - [Clinical and morphological observations on cardiac rupture during acute
      myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1208154
TI  - [Case of uterine angiomyoma].

PMID- 1208155
TI  - [Diffuse scleroderma (sclerosis progressiva generalisata)].

PMID- 1208156
TI  - [Dynamics of immunologic reactivity in children during the acute period of
      bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1208157
TI  - [Acid stability of erythrocytes in children with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1208159
TI  - [Diagnosis of acetonemic periodic vomiting in children].

PMID- 1208158
TI  - [Diagnosis of dysbacteriosis in infants].

PMID- 1208160
TI  - [Method of bronchography under local anesthesia in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1208161
TI  - [State of bronchial patency in children with acute pneumonia].

PMID- 1208162
TI  - [Characteristics of some hemodynamic indices in patients with active and early
      forms of diabetes].

PMID- 1208163
TI  - [Scalar and vector indices of the EKG in children with decompensated chronic
      tonsillitis].

PMID- 1208164
TI  - [Use of inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes in the complex therapy of septic
      lesions of the soft tissues in children].

PMID- 1208165
TI  - [Experience with treatment by honey of children with chronic catarrhal rhinitis].

PMID- 1208166
TI  - [Levels of serum immunoglobulins in healthy infants and young children].

PMID- 1208167
TI  - [Cystinosis in a 2-and-one-half year old child].

PMID- 1208168
TI  - [Causes of the development of childbirth activity, the pathogenesis of its
      disorders and the clinical characteristics of childbirth stimulated by means of
      serotonin].

PMID- 1208169
TI  - [Levels of hydroxycorticosteroids, catecholamines, acetylcholine and
      cholinesterases in the blood of women with normal and pathological courses of
      labor].

PMID- 1208170
TI  - [Study of the permeability of the ovarian follicles of women undergoing
      preparation by the method of contact fluorescence microscopy].

PMID- 1208171
TI  - [Influence of experimental hepatitis on some biochemical indices of the blood of
      pregnant white rats].

PMID- 1208172
TI  - [Activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system in healthy school-age children].

PMID- 1208173
TI  - [Problem of the pathogenesis and clinical picture of meno-metrorrhagia in women
      with pot-tuberculous changes in the genitalia].

PMID- 1208174
TI  - [Reinfusion of blood in gynecologic practice].

PMID- 1208176
TI  - [Levels of indolamines (serotonin, melatonin) and the excretion of 5-indolacetic
      acid in the urine of healthy children].

PMID- 1208175
TI  - [Case of the lack of effect of anesthetization in the intravenous administration
      of sombrevin and hexenal].

PMID- 1208177
TI  - [Relation between the time of eruption of the teeth and the physical development
      of children].

PMID- 1208178
TI  - [Influence of the state of the body of the woman on the development of the
      newborn].

PMID- 1208179
TI  - Criteria for evaluation of ambulatory child health care by chart audit:
      development and testing of a methodology. Final report of the Joint Committee on
      Quality Assurance of Ambulatory Health Care for Children and Youth.

PMID- 1208180
TI  - [Fate of premature infants ventilated for idiopathic respiratory distress. I.
      Pulmonary outcome].

PMID- 1208181
TI  - [Trial treatment of early anemia in premature infants].

PMID- 1208182
TI  - [Krabbe's disease. Clinical and ultrastructural study of a case].

PMID- 1208183
TI  - [Lipo-atrophic diabetes].

PMID- 1208184
TI  - Occurrence of chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides, southern Florida--1968-72.
AB  - The frequency with which chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides appear in samples
      of southern Florida surface waters decreased sharply between 1968 and 1972.
      Sediment analyses attest to the earlier widespread use of chlordane, DDT, and
      dieldrin. Insecticide residues are more frequently detected in southern Florida
      than in other U.S. cropland soils. Transport of DDT, DDD, and DDE from the
      Everglades agricultural area into water conservation areas and undeveloped parts
      of the Everglades of southeastern Florida is facilitated by a system of water
      management canals. Canal sediments within the urban area of southern Florida have
      high DDD, DDE, and dieldrin residue concentrations which may reflect local use of
      insecticides rather than their transport from adjacent agricultural areas.

PMID- 1208185
TI  - Total mercury levels in selected human tissues, Idaho-1973-74(1,2)
AB  - Total mercury levels were determined in human tissues taken at autopsy from six
      hospitals in the three basic geographical areas of Idaho. Of the 242 specimens
      analyzed, 76 percent contained detectable mercury. Levels were compared with
      respect to the age, sex, and geographic residence of autopsied individuals. Mean
      levels detected were 1.04 ppm in kidney tissue, 0.34 ppm in liver, and 0.08 ppm
      in brain. Mean mercury levels for the three geographical areas were: southeastern
      Idaho, 0.22 ppm; southwestern Idaho, 0.80 ppm; and northern Idaho, 0.43 ppm. The
      relatively high means in southwestern Idaho specimens may be related to the
      preponderance of natural cinnabar deposits in that portion of the State. Mercury
      levels were higher in women than men for all tissues in both the southwestern and
      northern areas, but the reverse was true in the southeast. Data were compared
      with findings of other investigators in an attempt to arrive at background levels
      of total mercury residues in human tissues.

PMID- 1208186
TI  - Mercury residues in breast muscle of wild ducks, 1970-71.
AB  - Samples of breast muscle from 327 ducks collected from October 1970 to March 1971
      in the conterminous United States were analyzed for total mercury by flameless
      atomic absorption spectrometry. Mercury levels for the entire collection ranged
      from less than 0.01 to 3.91 ppm wet weight with a median of 0.10 ppm. Twenty-five
      ducks had levels equalling or exceeding the 0.5 ppm guideline for fish and
      shellfish established by the Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of
      Health, Education, and Welfare. Dabbling ducks, which are shallow-water feeders
      and mostly vegetarian in fall, winter, and spring, usually had lower levels than
      diving and sea ducks. Levels were generally higher in ducks collected in areas
      where environmental mercury levels were known to be greater than in ducks from
      nonsuspect areas. Despite the mobility of the ducks, levels seemed more closely
      linked to local environmental contamination than to various factors associated
      with large geographic areas.

PMID- 1208187
TI  - Organochlorine pesticide residues in small migratory birds, 1964-73.
AB  - Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide burdens, especially those of DDT and its
      metabolites, have been determined for 19 species of small terrestrial migratory
      birds killed chiefly at Florida television towers from 1964 to 1973. All 128
      samples were sorted into pools by species. All pooled samples except one
      contained DDE and often DDT and DDD; dieldrin was present in 60 of the samples;
      but no PCB's were detected. In small subsamples, sigma DDT (p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD,
      and p,p'-DDE) residues sometimes differed between males and females, adults and
      immatures, and northbound and southbound migrants but results of these
      comparisons were inconclusive. Sigma DDT burdens were highest in adipose tissue
      and much lower in liver and brain samples. Especially among birds taken since
      1970 have the pesticide levels in adipose tissue been at low levels, generally
      less than 3 ppm sigma DDT. These low quantities are comparable to those quoted in
      other reports on birds of similar trophic levels. The insectivorous and/or partly
      granivorous birds feeding on or near the ground tended to have higher sigma DDT
      levels than did the more arboreal species.

PMID- 1208189
TI  - Pesticide residues in total diet samples (VIII).
AB  - During the eighth year of the Total Diet Study, residues remained at the
      relatively low levels reported previously. A total of 35 market baskets were
      collected in 32 cities which ranged in population from less than 50,000 to
      1,000,000 or more. Averages and ranges of residues found are reported for the
      period June 1971 through July 1972 by region and food class. Results of recovery
      studies within various classes of residues are also presented.

PMID- 1208188
TI  - Insecticide residues in the Tuttle Creek Reservoir Ecosystem, Kansas-1970-71.
AB  - Various components of the aquatic ecosystem of Tuttle Creek Reservoir on the Big
      Blue River in northeastern Kansas were examined for organochlorine insecticide
      residues in 1970-71. Components examined were water, sediments, periphyton,
      zooplankton, insects, and whole-body samples of 10 common fish species. Only
      dieldrin and sigmaDDT residues were detected. Dieldrin was found in part of the
      nonfish samples at levels ranging up to 0.01 ppm and in 97 percent of the fish
      samples with a high level of 0.17 ppm. SigmaDDT residues were also detected in
      part of the nonfish samples at levels ranging up to 0.42 ppm, and in 98 percent
      of the fish samples at levels as high as 0.57 ppm. Authors' findings are roughly
      similar to those of other surveys of Kansas fishes. All levels are relatively low
      compared with those reported in surveys from other parts of the Nation.

PMID- 1208190
TI  - Effects of PGE1 on the arterial blood pressure of turtle (Testudo graeca) and
      PGE1-catecholamine interactions on this system.

PMID- 1208191
TI  - The net insulin secretion and pancreatic blood flow in hypovolemia and in shock.
      Preliminary report.

PMID- 1208192
TI  - The nature, cause and origin of the anaemic murmurs.

PMID- 1208193
TI  - Relationship between mast cells and serum zinc levels. Short communications.

PMID- 1208194
TI  - Oral salicylates and bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract, a frequent
      association in medical ward admissions.

PMID- 1208196
TI  - [Hypertension, smoking and life insurance].
AB  - The insurance companies' data on blood-pressure and longevity have certainly
      contributed to the trend among both laymen and doctors to take hypertension more
      seriously. Smoking is also of special interest, having proved to be a clear risk
      factor in coronary disease. It holds a unique position, in that - at least
      theoretically - it would be possible to eliminate. The insurance companies could
      undoubtedly contribute to an altered attitude towards the problem of smoking. Non
      smokers might be granted a bonus and heavy smokers be charged an additional
      premium.

PMID- 1208195
TI  - [Medical insurance estimation of risks].
AB  - The purpose of insurance medicine is to make a prognostic estimate of medical
      risk-factors in persons who apply for life, health, or accident insurance.
      Established risk-groups with a calculated average mortality and morbidity form
      the basis for premium rates and insurance terms. In most cases the applicant is
      accepted for insurance after a self-assessment of his health. Only around one per
      cent of the applications are refused, but there are cases in which the premium is
      raised, temporarily or permanently. It is often a matter of rough estimate, since
      the knowlege of the long-term prognosis for many diseases is incomplete. The
      insurance companies' rules for estimate of risk are revised at intervals of three
      or four years. The estimate of risk as regards life insurance has been gradually
      liberalised, while the medical conditions for health insurance have become
      stricter owing to an increase in the claims rate.

PMID- 1208198
TI  - [Society and physicians have taken too great a part of the responsibility for
      individual health].

PMID- 1208197
TI  - [Medical insurance in Norway].

PMID- 1208199
TI  - [Simulating clinical desicions with pencil and paper is an alternative for
      crossword medicine].

PMID- 1208201
TI  - [Specialist graduation at universities, while undergraduate examination is
      stopped in Finland].

PMID- 1208200
TI  - [Co-operation within the industrial health service in highly industrialized
      areas].

PMID- 1208202
TI  - [Therapeutic results of androgen treatment and ovariectomy in breast cancer].

PMID- 1208203
TI  - [Results of treatment of hyperthyroidism with 125-iodine].
AB  - About 100 patients with hyperthyroidism and diffuse goiter (gland weight not more
      than 60 g) were treated with an individually calculated dose of 125-Iodine. After
      a follow-up time between 1.5 and 2 years there are the following results: 82% of
      the patients are euthyroid and 18% are still hyperthyroid. Relapse rate was 10%.
      More than 30% of the residual or relapse hyperfunctions were T3 toxicosis. The
      status of 125-Iodine in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis is discussed with regard
      to the necessity of a "destructive" therapy in the major part of the patients.
      Published results of 125-Iodine therapy are summarized.

PMID- 1208205
TI  - [Myocardial blood flow in actively employed coronary cases].
AB  - In the course of coronary angiographies the blood flow of the right and left
      coronary artery was determined by the 133Xe lavage method in 89 patients with
      coronary heart disease. There was a statistically significant difference between
      the flow values of the LCA and RCA, while there was none between the blood flow
      values of blue- and white-collar workers suffering from coronary artery disease.
      Also a significantly better blood circulation of the right as well as of the left
      coronary artery was found in female employees in comparison to male employees.

PMID- 1208204
TI  - Comparison of various treatment schedules for accelerating the elimination of
      radioiodine from the thyroid and the human body.
AB  - In 68 euthyroid patients undergoing 131I thyroid function tests the thyroidal,
      urinary and plasma protein-bound radioactivity has been serially measured for 14
      days. The patients were subdivided in controls and 9 groups treated with
      potassium iodide, carbimazole, potassium perchlorate and TSH, singly or in
      combination. The aim was to devise a treatment scheme for accelerating the
      release of iodine from the thyroid and the elimination from the body in cases of
      accidental radioiodine poisoning if the patient is seen after the radioiodine has
      already been taken up by the gland. All treatment schedules were effective, but
      TSH injections gave the best results, especially if combined with carbimazole and
      potassium perchlorate. This combination is the treatment of choice under these
      circumstances.

PMID- 1208206
TI  - [Determination of regional ventilation-perfusion ratio with xenon-133].
AB  - Knowledge of the regional ventilation/perfusion ratio is of great interest for
      the diagnosis and therapy of disorders of pulmonary function. By injecting
      intravenously a bolus of Xe-133 during breathholding and by recording the influx
      of activity into the lung with a scintillation camera and analogue tape storage,
      the regional perfusion of the lungs can be determined, using the count-rate
      increase per unit time. Once the maximum count-rate is reached the patient is
      allowed to breathe normally. The slope of the count-rate decrease over the lungs
      is a measure of ventilation. The regional ventilation/perfusion ratio is
      calculated by dividing these two indices. Regional disturbances of the ratio are
      the most frequent cause of hypoxia. The demonstration of such disturbances are
      therefore of significance in the diagnosis and therapeutic control of pulmonary
      diseases.

PMID- 1208208
TI  - Isotope profile investigations for the detection of venous thrombosis in the legs
      with the use of 131I-MAA.
AB  - Twenty patients were tested with an isotope profile method for the detection of
      venous thrombosis in the leg. 131I-MAA was introduced into the dorsal vein of the
      foot. The results of the test agreed with the results of phlebography. The
      authors stress the simplicity and accuracy of the above method.

PMID- 1208207
TI  - [Studies with radiolabeled autologous and heterologous thrombocytes to determine
      life-span and destruction sites].
AB  - The kinetic of 51Cr-labelled autologeous and heterologeous thrombocytes was
      studied in 12 healthy volunteers. The mean recovery value was 63% (SX = +/- 15%).
      The survival times (t50% and t10%) were determined as 94 hrs. (SX = +/- 11 hrs.)
      and as 202 hrs. (SX = +/- 13 hrs.) respectively. The "excess counts" over spleen
      and liver were measured and the spleen to liver ratio calculated. In every
      parameter investigated no significant difference between autologeous and
      heterologeous labelled thrombocytes could be found. The "excess counts" over
      spleen and liver were calculated on the basis of the radioactivity of blood and
      of the heart surface area. The values obtained from the blood radioactivity
      calculations showed significant lower variation coefficients than the
      corresponding values derived from the heart measurements.

PMID- 1208209
TI  - [Distribution of 14C-Diazepam (Valium) in pregnant and lactating rabbits].
AB  - 14C-labelled Diazepam is applied i.v. in a single dose to pregnant rabbits and in
      three repeated doses to lactating rabbits. The distribution patterns of the
      radioactivity in the mother animal and in the fetus resp. in the sucklings are
      investigated at different intervals post inj. within a range of 10 to 120 minutes
      for the pregnant and at 8 hours after last injection for the lactating animals.
      With regard to its metabolic properties it is still admissible to identify the
      recorded radioactivity with the intact pharmaceutical to large extent for the
      intervals used in the experiments. The compound is distributed rapidly within the
      maternal organism and is excreted preferentially by the liver. Compared to blood
      level a considerable 14C-enrichment is obvious in the brain during the total time
      of investigation, which seem to be of special interest for the clinical use of
      the diazepam. An organotropism to the ovary is indicated by the patterns of
      radioactivity. A rapid diaplacental passage can also be shown, but the 14C
      concentrations in blood and organ tissues of the fetus are generally found to be
      lower than those of the maternal organ tissues. Thus, the 14C-concentration in
      the fetal brain is equal to 1/3 of that of the maternal brain. Due to the
      mammoglandular passage the 14C-concentrations in the sucklings are reaching a
      maximum of one half of the values in the maternal organs.

PMID- 1208210
TI  - On the stability of a tin-phytate complex.
AB  - The stability of tin-phytate solution stored at room temperature has been
      studied. It was found that there is a pronounced increase in the rate of
      degradation of this complex, both temperature and phase change contributing to
      the enhanced rate of decomposition. The kidney uptake which is occasionally
      observed clinically with an aged tin-phytate complex labelled with 99mTc is
      probably due to an intermediate product which subsequently breaks down on further
      storage. Lyophilized tin-phytate complex 'kits' have a longer shelf life than the
      aqueous complex.

PMID- 1208211
TI  - S-adenosylhomocysteine inhibition of three purified tRNA methyltransferases from
      rat liver.
AB  - Three tRNA methyltransferases from rat liver have been fractionated and purified
      greater than 100-fold. These enzymes have been examined for their sensitivity to
      inhibition by S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The methyltransferase which forms m2
      guanine in the region between the dihydrouridine loop and the acceptor stem of
      tRNA (m2-guanine methyltransferase I) is least sensitive to SAH inhibition, with
      a Ki of 8 muM. The enzyme responsible for forming m2-guanine between the
      dihydrouridine and anticodon loops (m2-guanine methyltransferase II) has a Ki of
      0.3 muM, while m1-adenine methyltransferase shows intermediate sensitivity to SAH
      (Ki = 2.4 muM). All three methyltransferases have similar Km's for the S
      adenosylmethionine substrate (1.5-2.0 muM). These results are consistent with the
      hypothesis that activity of individual tRNA methyltransferases may be controlled
      by enzyme systems which alter cellular SAH levels.

PMID- 1208212
TI  - [Chronic bronchitis and occupations].

PMID- 1208213
TI  - [Non-parenteral infection with hepatitis B virus in families of patients with
      chronic asymptomatic HB antigenemia. Epidemiological and clinical aspects].

PMID- 1208214
TI  - [Diagnostic value of assessing the rate of bone tissue layer formation on the
      intraosseous surfaces of rib and iliac cortical bone].

PMID- 1208215
TI  - [Cytopenic syndromes following chloramphenicol administration].

PMID- 1208216
TI  - [Results of blood clotting tests in patients with aortic dissecting aneurysms and
      heart aneurysms].

PMID- 1208217
TI  - [Effect of glucagon on pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with chronic pulmonary
      hypertension].

PMID- 1208218
TI  - [Preliminary experiences in microcatheterization of the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 1208219
TI  - [Advances in pneumonology. Aspirin-induced asthma].

PMID- 1208220
TI  - The influence of alkaline elements on the metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine in
      rat's brain.
AB  - A single or four time-administration of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs chlorides at the
      doses of 2-5 and 5 mEq/kg ip does not significantly affect 5-HT level. The level
      of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) increase only after the administration of
      LiCl. This increase occurs already after 1 hr and persists up to 24 hrs after the
      last injection. LiCl given together with probenecid induces the increase in 5
      HIAA level greater than that after probenecid alone. The decrease in 5-HIAA level
      after pargyline-induced inhibition in MAO is more rapid in animals submitted to
      two action of Li. The increase 5-HIAA level in rat's brain results from Li ions
      increased 5-HT turnover.

PMID- 1208221
TI  - Serotonin and proteolytic enzymes in brain of irradiated animals.
AB  - Early and late irradiation effects on biogenic amines (5-HT and NA) contents,
      intracellular hydrolytic enzyme activity and MAO in brain tissue was studied on
      mice and rats. In mice in the majority of cases (irradiated on the first day
      after birth) there occurs a remote effect of irradiation in the form of the
      increase in 5-HT content and different, species-dependent, changes in hydrolytic
      activity. Among early effects (24 hrs following the irradiation) the decrease in
      5-HT and NA contents was stated in rats. These changes were accompanied by the
      increase in MAO and hydrolytic (proteolytic) activities.

PMID- 1208222
TI  - The effects of serotonin injections into the locus coeruleus on ponto geniculo
      occipital (PGO) waves and cortical EEG pattern in cats.
AB  - Reserpine injected iv at 0-8--1-0 mg/kg doses induced continuous ponto-geniculo
      occipital (PGO-like) waves in immobilized cats. Both 5-HT and quipazine injected
      into the locus coeruleus decreased the frequency of reserpine-induced PGO waves
      and increased cortical synchronization. Suppression of PGO activity persisted for
      15--30 min whilst synchronizing effects lasted much longer. Methysergide
      increased the frequency of PGO activity but caused no clear changes in the EEG
      pattern.

PMID- 1208223
TI  - Para-substituted amphetamines and brain serotonin.
AB  - Among the para-substituted amphetamines was V-111 the most potent inhibiting of
      examined synaptosomal reuptake of 3H-5-HT. In this respect both optical isomers
      of V-111 were equally effective while in the inhibition of the uptake of 3H-NA
      and mainly in that of 3H-DA the (+) form was found to be more potent inhibitor.
      Concerning the releasing potency of the former amines, in the case of 3H-5-HT
      both isomers were equally effective releasers. The release of 3H-NA and 3H-DA was
      influenced more effectively by the (+) form. The stereoselective influence of V
      111 on the amine reuptake and release suggests a possibility to reach more
      selective serotonergic and catecholaminergic effects of amphetamines. For the
      irreversible inhibition of the uptake in vivo presumably one of the metabolities
      of V-111 is responsible.

PMID- 1208224
TI  - The action of L-dopa in rats with the raphe nuclei lesions.

PMID- 1208225
TI  - The influence of LSD on the hind limb flexor reflex in the spinal rat.

PMID- 1208226
TI  - The effect of vitamin B6 on bioelectrical activity of rabbit brain and heart.

PMID- 1208227
TI  - Studies on the effect of a single dose of pizotifen on the electro
      encephalographic pattern in healthy persons and in patients afflicted with
      migraine.

PMID- 1208228
TI  - The role of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the mechanism of action of anticonvulsant
      drugs.

PMID- 1208229
TI  - The effects of apomorphine and 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane (DMAA) on ponto
      geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves in cats.
AB  - The effect of AP and DMAA on the activity of Ro4-1284-induced PGO waves in
      lateral geniculate body (CGL) of cats is bidirectional. Higher doses decrease,
      whereas lower doses increase the intensity of PGO waves. DMAA inhibitis PGO
      activity in a dose-dependent manner. SP antagonizes AP inhibiting activity but
      does not affect the action of DMAA. The present study deals with the effect of AP
      and DMAA, the compounds stimulating central dopamine receptors, on the function
      of serotonin neurons.

PMID- 1208230
TI  - The effect of serotonin microinjections into the nuclei amygdalae on EEG and
      behavior in the rabbit.
AB  - In chronic experiment with rabbits the influence of 5-HT on the behaviour and
      bioelectric activity of different brain structures had been examined. Bilateral 5
      HT microinjections mostly into the basal amygdaloid nucleus cause the increase of
      motor activity as well as the arousal in EEG. Agents considered to be inhibitors
      of central serotonin receptors (cypropheptadine, methysergide) weaken the above
      mentioned reactions only slightly. Atropine causes the inhibition of effects
      produced by 5-HT. On the ground of the results obtained it seems that the
      stimulation caused by injecting 5-HT into amygdaloid nucleus proceeds through the
      mediation of acetylcholine neurons.

PMID- 1208231
TI  - The influence of dopaminergic agents on the serotoninergic neurons.

PMID- 1208232
TI  - The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine given IVC on rat behaviour.
AB  - Up till now no univocal answer to the question concerning the role of 5-HT in the
      control of behaviour of normal animal has been given. The effect of 5-HT was
      studied after ivc injection. The doses of 10, 50, 80, 100 and 200 mug of 5-HT
      induced a statistically significant prolongation of immobility time and the
      decrease in the number of rearings. The dose of 1 mug did not affect animal
      behaviour. The same dose ivc brought about a statistically significant decrease
      in locomotor and exploratory activities in rats of high activity, the decrease in
      locomotor activity in rats of medium-activity but did not affect the behaviour of
      rats of low activity. 0-1 mug did not bring about any changes in animal
      behaviour. 5-HT depressed locomotor and exploratory activities in rats in
      relation to the dose and dependently to the type of behaviour of a normal rat.

PMID- 1208234
TI  - The effect of long-term administration of adrenaline, metanephrine and
      propranolol on the triphasic intestinal reaction on adrenaline in the rat.
AB  - The effect 6 weeks long treatment of rats with L-adrenaline (1 mg/kg sc), D,L
      metanephrine (20 mg/kg sc) and D-propranolol (10 mg/kg po) on isolated ileum
      triphasic reaction on adrenaline was studied. Adrenaline and metanephrine
      increased the sensitivity of relaxation response and decreased the contraction
      phase of smooth muscle to adrenaline. In the contrary propranolol decreased
      relaxation and increased contraction phase of triphasic reaction. The results
      presented by us support our previous suggestion that the triphasic intestinal
      reaction on adrenaline is related to extraneuronal accumulation of
      catecholamines.

PMID- 1208233
TI  - The activation of the renin--angiotensin system in the dog after injection of
      noradrenaline into the lateral brain ventricle.
AB  - Experiments were made on 15 mongrel dogs of either sex. Biologically active
      substances circulating in the blood after administration of noradrenaline (NA)
      into the left lateral brain ventricle of the dog were detected using the blood
      bathed organ technique of Vane. Plasma renin activity was also estimated. NA
      injected intraventricularly (ivc) in doses of 50-500 mug activated the renin-
      angiotensin system. Phentolamine prolonged the effect of NA. Propranolol
      abolished this central effect of NA. The increase in the concentration of
      endogenous NA in the brain by desmethylimipramine and RO 4-1284 also caused an
      activation of renin--angiotensin system.

PMID- 1208236
TI  - Bioassay of prostaglandins in the presence of high concentrations of
      catecholamines.
AB  - A column filled with activated aluminium oxide is incorporated into the bioassay
      system of Vane in which a rat stomach strip, a chick rectum and a rat colon are
      superfused in cascade. The absorbance of catecholamines by the column and the
      passage of prostaglandins through the column are almost 100%. This modification
      of Vane's technique enables PGE1, PGE2, PGF2, F2a to be estimated at
      concentrations as low as 0-5--1-0 ng/ml in the presence of catecholamines at a
      concentration as high as 50 ng/ml. Using this method we have demonstrated the
      release of small amounts (2 ng/ml) of an endogenous PGE-like substance from
      rabbit ear vessels contracted by an infusion of norepinephrine (500 ng/ml/min).

PMID- 1208235
TI  - The effect of low protein diet on sleeping time and on the metabolism of
      hexobarbital in rats.
AB  - In rats with protein deficiency a shorter time for the onset of sleep and the
      reduced sleeping time were stated, the level of hexobarbital being unaltered at
      the moment of awakening. The decrease in the amount of hexobarbital excreted with
      urine collected within 24 hrs and more rapid drug metabolism were observed in the
      experiments in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 1208238
TI  - [Irregular and excessive regeneration of the ureteral wall and the pyelo-ureteral
      junction following intubated ureterotomy].

PMID- 1208237
TI  - The flavonoids in the leaves of Vinca minor L. (Apocynaceae).
AB  - Five flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of Vinca minor L. The structure of
      4 glucosides was established as: kaempferol 3-rhamnogluco-7-glucoside (A),
      kaempferol 3-rhamnogluco-7-galactoside (B), quercetin 3-rutino-7-glucoside (D),
      quercetin 3-rhamnogluco-7-glucoside (E). One flavonoid isorhamnethin
      glucorhamnoside (C) was identified only partially. The occurance of flavonoids in
      the other organs of the plant was compared chromatographically.

PMID- 1208240
TI  - [Delayed results of surgical treatment of priapism].

PMID- 1208239
TI  - [Surgical treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux in children].

PMID- 1208242
TI  - [Wound treatment under hypotension and its advantages. Construction of devices
      from plastic sets for intravenous infusions, bottles for blood substitute fluids
      and rubber glove fingers in such wound treatment].

PMID- 1208241
TI  - [Use of ureterocutaneostomy in suprapubic urinary diversion in patients with
      inoperable bladder and uterus neoplasms].

PMID- 1208243
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties and errors in ureteral urolithiasis].

PMID- 1208244
TI  - [Case of bilateral traumatic renal damage with uremia].

PMID- 1208245
TI  - [Case of avulsion of renal vascular peduncle diagnosed preoperatively by means of
      angiography].

PMID- 1208246
TI  - [Metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma to the contralateral ureteral wall].

PMID- 1208247
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties in primary ureteral carcinoma].

PMID- 1208248
TI  - [Penetration of fluids through the bladder wall].

PMID- 1208249
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties in a case of acute appendicitis and non-functioning
      right kidney with urographically evident changes].

PMID- 1208250
TI  - [Bladder hemangioma in a child].

PMID- 1208251
TI  - [Post-miction syncope].

PMID- 1208252
TI  - [Foreign body in urethra as a cause of urine retention].

PMID- 1208253
TI  - [Effect of low-molecular dextran (D-40) on erythrocyte hemolysis in
      extracorporeal circulation].

PMID- 1208254
TI  - [Surgery on high-risk patients].

PMID- 1208255
TI  - [Syndromes caused by cystic duct stumps remaining after surgery].

PMID- 1208256
TI  - [Absorption of vitamin B-12 following partial gastrectomy without pyloric
      involvement in surgical treatment of stomach ulcer].

PMID- 1208257
TI  - [Absorption of lipids from the digestive tract following surgical treatment of
      duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1208258
TI  - [Plasma fibrinolytic activity of venous blood and thyroid venous blood in
      patients treated for thyroid diseases].

PMID- 1208259
TI  - [Development of surgical endometriosis].

PMID- 1208260
TI  - [Own experiences in the treatment of liver injuries].

PMID- 1208261
TI  - [Evaluation of different types of valvular prostheses].

PMID- 1208263
TI  - [Accessory pancreas as a cause of small intestine intussusception].

PMID- 1208262
TI  - [Severe complications following delayed hemorrhage from ruptured spleen].

PMID- 1208264
TI  - [Traumatic intramural duodenal hematoma with duodenal occlusion and
      pancreatitis].

PMID- 1208265
TI  - [Surgical treatment of funnel chest (differences, controversies, criticisms)].

PMID- 1208266
TI  - Department of Experimental Surgery and Plastics Research in Wroclaw.

PMID- 1208267
TI  - [Protection of the operating field in thoracic surgery using membrane-forming
      spray dressing].
AB  - Considerable decrease of the incidence of purulent complications was observed
      when using the membrane-forming spray dressing to protect the operating field in
      thoracic surgery. It is concluded that the use of these dressings in surgery is a
      simple and effective method to prevent complications of wound healing.

PMID- 1208268
TI  - [Use of Plastubol as the exclusive dressing of surgical wounds].
AB  - The membrane-forming Plastubol-Spray was used to dress the wounds immediately
      after surgery in 2088 patients operated on in the Surgical Ward of the Miners'
      Hospital in Bytom. Compared with conventional dressing, there was observed the
      decrease of incidente of purulent complications. The membrane-forming Plastubol
      dressing features the following advantages: easiness of dressing application,
      tightness, possibility of better nursing of the patient and lesser cost compared
      with conventional dressing.

PMID- 1208269
TI  - [Use of 3M adhesive tapes in the treatment of wounds].
AB  - For several years, operative skin wounds were closed using sterile or non-sterile
      3M adhesive tape. Irrespective of their size, the wounds treated in this way
      healed easier and quicker compared with similar wounds closed using non
      resorbable surgical sutures. No reaction at the site of the wound was seen in the
      patients in whom the wounds were closed by means of non-sterilized adhesive tape.

PMID- 1208270
TI  - [Use of plastic catheters for the catheterization of the umbilical vein in
      newborn and premature infants].
AB  - The use of catheters for exchange transfusion in newborns for the treatment of
      hemolytic disease is discussed. Basing on over 5-years' clinical observation
      period it has been concluded that Polish catheter for exchange transfusion
      satisfactorily meets the demands.

PMID- 1208272
TI  - [Tracheal and esophageal endoprostheses made of soft plastics].
AB  - Soft PVC endoprostheses were used in 87 patients for long-term dilatation of post
      inflammatory and neoplastic strictures of the esophagus and trachea. Satisfactory
      results have been obtained in about 80% cases.

PMID- 1208271
TI  - [External gastric fistula in neoplastic esophageal stenosis].
AB  - The leakage of gastric contents along the catheter introduced in the gastric
      lumen is the most frequent complication of the external gastric fistula made in
      cases of neoplastic esophageal occlusion. In 5 patients, the author applied the
      modified Witzel's operation using polyvinyl chloride catheter fixed on the skin
      to prevent it from disengaging. In all these patients the operative wound healed
      by first intention and no gastric leakage was observed.

PMID- 1208273
TI  - [Use of ethylene oxide for the sterilization of thermoplastic articles].
AB  - The author applied ethylene oxide for sterilization of articles incompatible with
      thermal sterilization. This method has been widely accepted in many counteries.
      The tests have been made in the Warsaw Medical School Clinic of Pediatric
      Surgery, the Polish made "Rotanox" being the source of ethylene oxide. The
      following items served as sterilizing chambers in this order: Polyethylene foil
      bags, glass flask and pressurized chambers. The gas pressure of 1 at and
      temperature of 40-50 degrees C were maintained in the chamber. Sterilized
      material was closed in the polyethylene foil bags. The effectiveness of this
      method was proved by bacterial tests.

PMID- 1208274
TI  - [Prophylaxis of influenza with a clathrate of polyvinyl alcohol with iodine and
      boric acid].
AB  - Taking advantage of the viricdal and antimicrobial properties of the clathrate of
      polyvinyl alcohol with iodine and boric acid (PVAIB) and taking into account
      successful results obtained during the action in 1969, it was used again as a
      preventive measure during the epidemy of influenza in Poznan at the turn of
      1971/1972. In this period, the prophylactic action included 1477 persons who
      recieved the drug as nasal drops in 30 gram bottles. After the extinction of
      influenza we checked 459 persons who had taken the drug regularly, according to
      medical prescription. Out of this group, only 23 persons or 5% fell ill with
      influenza. If compared with general morbidity, this rate proved to be four times
      smaller.

PMID- 1208275
TI  - Biological testing of surface-modified acrylic polymers.
AB  - The author describes three variants of the surface treatment of PMMA using a
      special method suggested by Wichterle. Modified surfaces of PMMA discs in three
      variations A, B, C were followed in subcutaneous implantation in rats during
      three months and were well tolerated. The final stage was characterized by a
      stabilized fibrous capsule. The relationship between modified PMMA, glass and
      pure PMMA in vitro using human and animal blood was also investigated. The author
      analyzes experiments carried out with human blood (Lee-White's time of blood
      clotting and fibrin formation after Burker) and proves better antithrombogenic
      properties of modified PMMA to control on glass and pure PMMA.

PMID- 1208276
TI  - [Polyester knitted nets in pediatric surgery].
AB  - The paper concerns the clinical evaluation of polyester knitted nets produced by
      Central Laboratory of Knitting Industry in Lodz used for reconstructive
      operations of abdominal and chest wall. The polyester knitted net was used in 29
      children (newborns, infants and older children). Basing on the clinical
      observations and microscopic examinations there is discussed healing-in of the
      knitted fabric and complications observed during the postoperative course.

PMID- 1208277
TI  - [Clinical study of resorbable surgical sutures. A suggestion].
AB  - There has been attempted in the Institute of Surgery, Wroclaw Medical School, in
      1975 the clinica study with the purpose of comparative evaluation of two kinds of
      tissue-resorbable surgical sutures, namely catgut and polyglycolic acid threads.
      To standardize the basic methods of clinical examination to be followed by teams
      of experts, basing on literature data and own experience, a proposition was
      elaborated including indications and methods of choosing the groups of resorbable
      and non-resorbable threads, aseptic demands, and intraoperative, postoperative
      and laboratory examinations.

PMID- 1208278
TI  - [Production and testing of biologically active fibers with hemostatic
      properties].
AB  - The authors presented the method of laboratory elaboration of biologically active
      surgical sutures with hemostatic and antiiinflammatory properties as developed by
      the Leningrad S. M. Kirov Memorial Institute of Textile and Light Industry. With
      the carboxyl groups of the KFM type fibres (addition product of polyvinylfurfural
      with maleic acid) adrenalin sorbed from aqueous suspensions was linked by ionic
      bond. The sutures were tested in the A. I. Bakuliev Memorial Institute of
      Cardiovascular Surgery. Due to the slow release of adrenalin the sutures exert
      hemostatic effect. In the in vitro tests there were determined the serum calcium
      level, hemolysis of red blood cells, pH, prothrombin time and plasma protein
      content changes. The authors showed also preliminary data on the sterilization of
      the fibres.

PMID- 1208280
TI  - [Use of synthetic latex LBS 3022 in anatomical technic].
AB  - The use of Polish-made synthetic latex LBS 3022 in the anatomical technique was
      studied. The optimal composition of the latex mixture was established with due
      consideration of pigments, emulgators, stabilizers and curing substances. The LBS
      3022 synthetic latex meets the demands applicable to good injection composition
      as being capable of filling the vessels of different section area, and quick
      setting by way of coagulation. The obtained castings are durable; they feature
      considerable tensile strength and elasticity.

PMID- 1208279
TI  - [Use of polymers in the treatment of skull and brain traumas].
AB  - After preliminary experiments, over a period of the recent 10 years there were
      repaired skull bone defects in 116 patients using Styracryl, AKR-100, AKR-15 and
      Protacryl. The acrylic plastics polymerize at relatively low temperature, feature
      good mouldability, are readily sterilizable and result in no inflammatory lesions
      in the surrounding tissues. Good cosmetic results are obtained.

PMID- 1208281
TI  - [Adhesion of blood platelets to electric-featuring polymers].
AB  - The authors studied the effect of electric potential arising on the plastic
      surface upon the blood clotting process. The study was performed according to the
      Breddin method. The study concerned fluorosilicone rubber, fluoroplast,
      polyester, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride with various surface potentials.
      The authors found that the negatively charged blood platelets adhere to
      negatively charged plastic surfaces only to a low extent and undergo no
      disintegration and agglomeration. To the surfaces of the same plastics being
      electrically neutral, only small aggregates of blood platelets adhere. On the
      other hand, on the positively charged surfaces the accumulation of blood
      platelets takes place with concurrent aggregation and disintegration, thus
      initiating the thrombus formation. The authors observed the intensity of these
      changes using blood platelet adhesion index and fluorescence microscope.

PMID- 1208282
TI  - [Laboratory and clinical testing of modern adhesive tapes and dressing
      materials].
AB  - Twelve kinds of adhesive tapes and dressing materials produced by Beiersdorf were
      evaluated using laboratory, experimental and clinical tests. There were performed
      examinations of physical, physico-mechanical and bacteriostatic properties. Tests
      for supradermal and intradermal reactivity were performed in experimental
      animals. Moreover, different clinical tests of these materials were made.

PMID- 1208283
TI  - Cyclotron produced lead-203.

PMID- 1208284
TI  - Lead and the mitochondrion.

PMID- 1208285
TI  - Current status of childhood lead poisoning.

PMID- 1208286
TI  - Lead in teeth during the perinatal period.

PMID- 1208287
TI  - The current status of lead poisoning in children.

PMID- 1208288
TI  - The influence of nutritional factors on lead absorption.

PMID- 1208289
TI  - Absorption of lead from dust and soil.

PMID- 1208290
TI  - Absorption of different lead compounds.

PMID- 1208291
TI  - Food hygiene and travel at sea.

PMID- 1208292
TI  - Diseases of travel, with particular reference to tropical diseases.

PMID- 1208293
TI  - Respiratory virus infections in travellers.

PMID- 1208294
TI  - Some problems of high speed travel.

PMID- 1208295
TI  - Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis and bilateral pneumothoraces in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.

PMID- 1208296
TI  - Pancreatitis and the pill.

PMID- 1208297
TI  - Testicular tumour presenting as haematemesis.

PMID- 1208298
TI  - Transient psychological syndrome following diazepam therapy for tetanus.

PMID- 1208299
TI  - [Introduction to the study of the transport and measurement of oxygen in humans].

PMID- 1208300
TI  - [Structural presentation of oxygen: its medical value].
AB  - Oxygen is presented as a molecule transported by the heme. The use of molecular
      energy diagrams makes possible to visaulize the energy levels related with the
      atomic and molecular orbitals in the case of considering the oxygen atom with and
      without hybridation. Get up of Griffith's and Pauling's models relative to the
      nature of the O2-Fe-Heme bindings.

PMID- 1208301
TI  - [Comparative study of respiratory exchanging surfaces in birds and mammals].
AB  - Anatomical studies of the respiratory apparatus of birds show evidences for a gas
      exchanging tubular system (parabronchi and air capillaries); these exchanging
      structures are entirely dissociated from the ventilatory drive acting on the air
      sacs. A "cross-current" gas exchanging system (perpendicular disposition of air
      and blood capillaries) allow a good wash-out of carbon dioxide (PaCO2 lower than
      PECO2). The great efficiency of this lung is allowed by its very large diffusive
      surface (ASa) and by the high values of lung specific oxygen diffusing capacity
      (DO2/ASa) and of O2 extraction coefficient in inspired air. The ventilatory
      pattern of birds is characterized by a greater tidal volume and a smaller
      respiratory frequency than in mammals of same weight. Respiratory centers of
      birds receive afferences from lung stretch receptors, CO2-sensitive lung
      receptors and arterial chemoreceptors.

PMID- 1208302
TI  - [Oxygenation phenomena in plant tissues].
AB  - Study of the influence of oxygen tension on the respiration of plants does not
      allow to know the nature of cell oxydase(s). Conversely it gets interpretated as
      a limitation of the respiration by the intracellular diffusion of the oxygen, the
      oxydase respiration having a very high affinity for the oxygen (this is the
      characteristic feature of the cytochrome oxydase).

PMID- 1208303
TI  - [Transfer of reduced equivalents in the cell: lactate excess].
AB  - The classical biochemical diagram that explains the part played by lactate in
      hypoxia is shortly recalled. The systems that insure the transfer of reducing
      equivalents of the cytoplasma towards the mitochondria (and conversely) are then
      described with full details. The excess lactate concept (XL) advanced by Huckabee
      (1958) in order to differentiate an hyperlactatemia with hypoxic genesis from an
      another one is object of discussion. This concept is false from the theoretical
      point of view and has no longer to be used nowadays.

PMID- 1208304
TI  - [Affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and tolerance to hypoxia].
AB  - The transfer of O2 in the system between the lung captation and the delivery to
      tissues is insured by a whole of factors that are components of Fick's equation.
      The two most important in this O2 transfer are heart output and blood
      concentration in hemoglobin (transfer capacity of O2). The affinity of blood for
      O2, evaluated by the determination of P50 (PO2 of half saturation of Hb)
      interfers also, but we have till presently no precision for what concerns its
      relative importance. Two demonstrative situations of chronic hypoxia are taken in
      consideration: adaptation to high altitude hypoxia and the reaction of the system
      to hypoxia in chronic respiratory deficiency. The influence of displacements of
      the dissociation curve of HbO2 (Bohr effect, variation in the erythrocytary DPG)
      is object of discussion. Authors insist particularly on the fact that the fall in
      the affinity of Hb for O2 (increase in P50) is not always a beneficial mechanism
      for the delivery of O2 to tissues, particularly in the case of severe hypoxia.

PMID- 1208305
TI  - [Study of erythrocyte organic phosphates and the affinity of hemoglobin for
      oxygen in a hyperbaric atmosphere with slightly hyperoxic helium-oxygen mixture].
AB  - The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and organophosphoric compounds 2-3 DPG and
      ATP was studied in three divers in the course of a simulated diving at saturation
      in an helium-oxygen mixture at 31 ATA, with a sejourn of two weeks at this
      pressure.

PMID- 1208306
TI  - [Oxygen transport by the fetal blood].
AB  - In the mammalian foetus, the blood oxygen tension is low (PaO2 congruent to 25
      Torr). The factors limiting the oxygen transfer from maternal into foetal blood
      are mainly the vascular arrangement and the distribution of blood flow within the
      placenta. The oxygen diffusion across the placenta in facilitated by a higher
      oxygen affinity in foetal than in maternal blood. During placental gas exchange
      the Bohr Effect acts in both the maternal and foetal blood to shift their
      oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve so that the mean oxygen pressure gradient
      across the placental membrane is increased. The two main characteristics of
      foetal blood, a high oxygen capacity and a high oxygen affinity are well adapted
      to hypoxaemia since, together with a high cardiac output, they ensure an adequate
      oxygen supply to the foetal tissues. These characteristics of foetal blood
      disappear during the postnatal period in all the species thus far investigated.
      The change in the blood oxygen affinity which occurs in the foetus and the
      newborn have been attributed in some species to the presence of a foetal
      haemoglobin (HbF) which differs from the adult haemoglobin (HbA) either by an
      intrinsically higher oxygen affinity, independant of any intracellular cofactor,
      or by an impaired reactivity towards cofactors which alter haemoglobin oxygen
      affinity by directly interacting with the haemoglobin molecule (2,3 DPG, CO2). In
      those species in which HbF has not been shown to be structurally and functionally
      different from HbA, change in 2,3 DPG concentration can explain change in oxygen
      affinity.

PMID- 1208307
TI  - [Study of oxygen consumption in infants of diabetic mothers].
AB  - The energy expenditure (VO2) was measured during the first 36 hours of life in 10
      infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) and in 16 normal newborns (NB). The mean VO2
      was 5,72 ml/kg/min +/- 0,4 for the NB and 4,94 ml/kg/min. +/- 0,3 for the IDM.
      The respiratory quotients were similar for both groups. Blood glucose
      determination from all IDM were greater than 44 mg%. Although the low VO2 for IDM
      is unexplained, several hypothesis might be anticipated: either lack of
      utilization of abundant endogenous glycogen stores or increased metabolism of
      glucose by the cells.

PMID- 1208308
TI  - [Blood gas determination in the newborn infant (prognostic and therapeutic
      value)].
AB  - A study of 55 blood gas determinations performed on the umbilical vein blood in
      the new-born (determinations of pH, SAO2, PaCO2, O2 vol% of total blood, CO2 vol%
      of total plasma, hemoglobin, hematocrit and, in some cases, PaO2). The cases
      include: 26 girls, 23 boys, issued from 9 primiparas (mean age: 25 years) and 40
      multiparas (mean age: 28 years). In 18 of these cases, the parturient woman was
      administered oxygen. In 6 cases the delivery was complicated. The comparison of
      the data obtained by means of blood gas determination with the Apgar test
      evidences the value of the determination of these biological parameters. Authors
      insist on the necessity to make a functional respiratory study in the pregnany
      woman exhibiting a chronic respiratory deficiency, and to perform a blood gas
      determination and an oxygen-therapy (with an hyperoxygenated gas mixture -- O2
      60% -- N2 40%) during the labour in order to avoid a fetal anoxia and its
      consequences, always redoubtable.

PMID- 1208309
TI  - [Radio-allergo-sorbent-test in the diagnosis of sensitization by mould spores
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208310
TI  - [Simultaneous tuberculin testing with the Mendel-Mantoux and the patch test
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208311
TI  - [Solitary plasmacytoma of the thoracic wall (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208312
TI  - [Rifampicin therapy and circulating antibodies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208313
TI  - [Influence of the mode of administration on the therapeutic efficacy of
      Clenbuterol, a new bronchospasmolytic agent (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208314
TI  - [The role of the tuberculosis officer in the local authority health service
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208315
TI  - [Mass radiography in Northrhine-Westphalia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208317
TI  - [Treatment of diseases of the respiratory system (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208316
TI  - [Falling demand for chest hospital beds (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208318
TI  - [The development of endoscopic and bioptic method for the diagnosis of chest
      diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208319
TI  - [New methods for the study of lung structure and function (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208320
TI  - [Epidemiology of sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208322
TI  - [Medico-social aspects of tuberculosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208321
TI  - [Relapse in tuberculosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208323
TI  - [The transbronchial puncture (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208324
TI  - [Benign asbestos-induced pleurisy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208325
TI  - [Cuases of death by endothoracial sarcodosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208326
TI  - [Is prolonged hospitalization of the tuberculous patient still needed? (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1208327
TI  - [Air pollution and the lungs; present and future risks (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208328
TI  - [Air pollution, bronchitis and emphysema in the Ruhr district (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208329
TI  - [Olfactory irritation due to air pollution (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208330
TI  - [Relations between hygienic conditions of laboratory animals and air pollution
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208331
TI  - [Smoking, chronic airway disease and lung cancer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208332
TI  - [Bronchitis and occupational exposure to dust (an investigation by the Deutsche
      Froschungsgemeinschaft) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208333
TI  - [Sarcoidosis in childhood; long-term prognosis in 40 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208334
TI  - [The lungs and air pollution: results of an epidemiological study in the
      Netherlands (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208335
TI  - [Structural changes of the lung caused by inhalation of irritant gases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1208336
TI  - [Isoprodian in combination with ethambutol and rifampicin in the treatment of
      tuberculosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208337
TI  - [Editorial: Integral rehabilitation of the patient].

PMID- 1208339
TI  - [Lupus nephropathy. Clinical, chemical and histological correlations of 15
      cases].
AB  - Until a few years ago, the pathological findings of the nephropathy of the
      disseminated lupus erithematosus had been interpreted and classified with any
      pronostic criteria. However many papers in the literature conclude the importance
      of the renal involucre based only in the clinical observation of the patients. In
      view to take a morphologic criteria about the lesions which can be observed in
      the disseminated lupus erithematosus we studied the biopsy renal specimens of 15
      patients with this illness and correlate the findings with the clinical and
      laboratory state. The clinical evolution of our patients was highly variable
      according with the different type of the lupus nephropathy they suffered and
      because of this we consider of great pronostic importance a new classification of
      the renal lesions of the disseminated lupus erithematosus.

PMID- 1208338
TI  - [Correlation between the biological half-life of tritiated water and the body
      surface area in man. Preliminary report].
AB  - The literature about the half-life of the tritiated water has shown a great
      variety from one specimen to another. In order to determine the influence of this
      variations upon metabolism, mass or body surface we studied 16 healthy subjects
      and one patient with renal failure. We founded that there is a good correlation
      between the body surface and the biological half-life of the tritiated water in
      humans. The correlation average was 1.02.

PMID- 1208340
TI  - [Recurrent pancreatitis and hyperlipemia. Clinical case and review of the
      literature].
AB  - It is discussed the case of a patient, a 45 year old female, who suffered two
      episodes of acute pancreatitis in one year. This patient is not an alcoholic but
      diabetic, atherosclerotic and with type IV hyperlipemia. It is presented some
      reports of the medical literature on the matter and some possible pathogenic
      mechanisms to explain the pancreatitis associated to hyperlipemia. In this
      particular case the authors do not consider the hyperlipemia secondary to a
      pancreatitis but a precipitating factor.

PMID- 1208341
TI  - [Work motivation in an institutional hospital of Mexico City].
AB  - It was studied the laboral motivation of the medical staff, nurses, social
      laborers and administrative personnel of a hospital through interviews which
      investigated the factors proposed by Herzberg: intrinsec, command, work
      conditions, salary, progress, security, institution and directives and personal
      interrelations. The author found that the intrinsec aspects, the personal
      interrelations and the command was the most important things for the employee.
      There were also some differences between the various categories of employee: the
      effective command was a general preoccupation for all the personnel in the
      different areas and the security to retain the job was the prior motivation of
      the chief nurses, social laborers and administrative personnel.

PMID- 1208343
TI  - [Therapy of breast carcinoma an up-to-date general view of the treatment of
      breast carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208342
TI  - [The treatment of psoriasis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208344
TI  - [Inferior cavography by children. About a new contrast medium (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208345
TI  - [Practical postgraduate course in diabetology (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208346
TI  - [Practical aspects of live virus vaccines (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208347
TI  - [Vaccination against rubella (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208348
TI  - [Virological and serological diagnosis of rubella].

PMID- 1208349
TI  - Practical aspects concerning combined live viral vaccines.

PMID- 1208350
TI  - [Bioelectronic and biochemical methods for prenatal care (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208351
TI  - [The primary resuscitation of the newborn (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208352
TI  - [Respiratory distress of the newborn (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208353
TI  - [Insurance coverage of the newborn (in Switzerland) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208354
TI  - Editorial: Prevention: the only cure.

PMID- 1208356
TI  - Protection of patients' rights and the doctor--patient relationship.

PMID- 1208355
TI  - Realism in the prevention of coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1208357
TI  - The myth of alcoholism prevention.

PMID- 1208359
TI  - A case-control investigation of alcohol, tobacco, and diet in head and neck
      cancer.

PMID- 1208358
TI  - Reduction in blood pressure associated with high polyunsaturated fat diets that
      reduce blood cholesterol in man.

PMID- 1208360
TI  - Methodological approaches in the evaluation of alcoholism treatment: a critical
      review.

PMID- 1208361
TI  - Forum on cardiovascular disease epidemiology. Introduction: opportunities for
      primary prevention of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1208362
TI  - A controlled trial of physical training after myocardial infarction. Effects on
      risk factors, nonfatal reinfarction, and death.

PMID- 1208363
TI  - The Framingham Offspring Study. Design and preliminary data.

PMID- 1208364
TI  - Is the increased risk of myocardial infarction in cigarette smokers due to
      psychological traits? An attempted exploration using psychological questionnaire
      responses.

PMID- 1208365
TI  - An analysis of coronary-prone behavior patterns of Anti-Coronary Club members.

PMID- 1208366
TI  - Black-white differences in serum lipids and lipoproteins in Evans County.

PMID- 1208367
TI  - Crowding: its effects on the elevation of blood pressure in a prison setting.

PMID- 1208368
TI  - Incidence and epidemiologic features of cerebrovascular disease (stroke) in
      Manitoba, Canada. Study of population 20-64 years of age.

PMID- 1208369
TI  - Coronary risk screening and evaluation: a learning exercise for medical students.

PMID- 1208370
TI  - [Changes in the activity of glyoxylate cycle enzymes of yeast during hydrocarbon
      nutrition].
AB  - Six strains of Candida guillermondii of different productivity showed a higher
      isocitrate lyase and malate dehydrogenase activity of cell-free extracts when
      grown on paraffin than when grown on glucose. In most cases isocitrate
      dehydrogenase activity was higher on glucose than on paraffin. A positive
      correlation between isocitrate activity and growth rate was found from studies of
      the strains of varying growth rate and the cultures cultivated under different
      conditions (nitrogen content and the presence or absence of biotin or autolysate
      in the medium).

PMID- 1208371
TI  - [Effect of nucleotide containing corrinoids on vitamin B 12 synthesis in
      Propionibacterium shermanii].
AB  - The influence of B12-CN, B12-OH, coenzyme B12, factor III and factor B on the
      synthesis of vitamin B12 and porphyrins by different strains of P. shermanii was
      investigated. Neither compound inhibited the development of propionic bacteria or
      suppressed porphyrin formation. All nucleotide containing analogues of vitamin
      B12 produced a strong repressive effect on the synthesis of corrinoid compounds
      regardless of the modifications in the upper and lower cobalt ligands. Factor B
      containing no nucleotide moiety did not show this effect. It is suggested that
      the nucleotide moiety of the vitamin B12 molecule is responsible for the binding
      of vitamin to protein aporepressor.

PMID- 1208372
TI  - [Effect of aeration on lysine biosynthesis in nutrient media with different
      concentrations of components].
AB  - The lysine synthesis by the culture M. glutamicus T-3 on nutrient media with
      varying molasses concentrations was studied during cultivation under different
      aeration conditions. With an increase in the nutrient concentration the
      relationship between the lysine yield and aeration rate became very manifest. An
      elevation of aeration (Kv) from 1.2 to 6.3 g O2 1/hr increased the yield of
      lysine in the 15, 20 and 28% molasses medium by 3, 6 and 11 times, respectively.
      A decline in aeration decreased the biomass yield and increased the content of
      lactic acid and alanine in the culture liquid (to 19 and 4 g/l, respectively).
      The rate of respiration of the culture in the filtrate of the culture liquid
      measured in the Warburg apparatus depended on the cell age and molasses
      concentration in the nutrient medium and not on the aeration rate.

PMID- 1208373
TI  - [Effect of cultivation conditions on the accumulation of poly-beta-hydroxy
      butyric acid in Rhizobium lupini].
AB  - The influence of the age of the culture and nitrogen source on the accumulation
      of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid by different strains of Rhizobium lupini was
      studied. The accumulation depended on the age of the culture and reached maximum
      at the end of the logarithmic and at the beginning of the stationary phase of the
      bacterial growth (about 50-60% dry weight). The accumulation varied in relation
      to the nitrogen source used: it was the highest in the glutamate medium and the
      lowest on nitrate nitrogen; the culture grown on ammonium phosphate was
      intermediate.

PMID- 1208374
TI  - [Effect of the inoculum on beta-fructofuranosidase synthesis by Aspergillus
      awamori].
AB  - The influence of the age and amount of the inoculum on the beta
      fructofuranosidase synthesis by Aspergillus awamori 16 was studied during
      submerged cultivation. The level of the synthesis increased significantly when
      the 36-hour mycelial inoculum was used.

PMID- 1208375
TI  - [Lipid synthesis by Micrococcus freudenreichii in media containing unsaturated
      hydrocarbon's].
AB  - The growth and synthesis of lipids by thermotolerant bacteria Micrococcus
      freudenreichii K-219 were investigated in the mineral medium containing a mixture
      of unsaturated (I-) and saturated hydrocarbons. The bacteria utilized primarily I
      alkenes. In lipids the predominant fractions were phospholipids (57%) and free
      fatty acids (20%). The content of waxes which were in significant quantities in n
      alkane containing media (9%) was not higher than 0.3% dry matter upon utilization
      of I-alkenes. There was a certain correlation between carbon atoms of synthesized
      fatty acids and unsaturated hydrocarbons used. Bacteria utilizing I-alkenes
      showed no elevated unsaturation of cell lipids as compared to those assimilating
      n-alkanes. These data give evidence for different pathways of oxidation of
      alkenes and alkanes by the above microbial strain.

PMID- 1208376
TI  - [Preparation and kinetic properties of immobilized benzyl penicillin acylase].
AB  - An active insoluble preparation of immobilized benzyl penicillin acylase (IBA) EC
      3.5.1.11 has been obtained by its entrapping into polyacrylamide gel lattice. Due
      to immobilization the preparation maintains up to 87% of its initial activity.
      The kinetics of IBA at low substrate concentrations obeys the Michaelis-Menten
      law; however, the apparent KM value decreases and the temperature optimum
      elevates. The inhibition by the reaction products--6-aminopenicillanic acid and
      phenylacetic acid--has been found to be 4.3 mM. The resultant IBA preparation
      proves to be suitable for hydrolysis of 5% benzyl penicillin solutions.

PMID- 1208377
TI  - [The effect of iron concentration on pectin decomposition by Aspergillus niger
      and Aspergillus awamori].
AB  - The effect of cations Fe2+ and Fe3+ on the decomposition of apple pectin by the
      enzymic preparations of Asp. niger and Asp. awamori has been examined. Fe ions
      have delayed the process of enzymic decomposition of the pectin molecule. In the
      presence of Fe3+ far less amounts of monogalacturonic acid are formed. The
      presence of Fe ions makes the pectin molecule more stable to the effect of
      pectolytic enzymes.

PMID- 1208378
TI  - [The structure of caseins from cow milk].
AB  - The paper presents a review of up-to-date data on the primary structure of
      alphas1-, beta- and kappa-casein of cow milk, gives amino acid substitutes in the
      genetic forms, arrangement of bitter peptides resulting from enzymic degradation
      and discusses the possible mechanism of phosphorylation. With respect to the
      primary structure alimentary specificity of caseins is discussed.

PMID- 1208379
TI  - [Formation of alcohols during sucrose heating with amino acids].
AB  - The formation of alcohols during sucrose heating with amino acids was
      investigated. The sucrose heating to 180-190 degrees C resulted in the formation
      of methanol and ethanol and its heating with alanine--propanol and isobutanol.
      The sucrose heating with phenylalanine led to the formation of beta-phenylethanol
      as well. Alcohols were identified as benzoates by paper chromatography. They were
      also identified by infrared spectra.

PMID- 1208380
TI  - [Photoisomerization of provitamins D under influence of various ultraviolet
      radiation].
AB  - The influence of various sources of ultraviolet radiation on the
      photoisomerization of provitamins D--ergosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol--was
      studied under industry-like conditions. The yield of previtamins and,
      consequently, vitamins D was higher with the use of erythemic lamps with
      luminophore E-2 and luminophore E-3 than with the use of lamps PRK-2.

PMID- 1208381
TI  - [Effect of mineral fertilizers on the microflora of corn roots].
AB  - The paper describes studies of the density of microorganisms grown on meat
      peptone agar, fungi, nitrifiers, cellulose degraders, actinomycetes and
      azotobacter in the soil of the radical area of corn grown in field experiments
      with various doses and ratios of mineral fertilizers. In the forest-steppe zone
      (leached chernozem) of the Krasnoyarsk region mineral fertilizers activated
      proliferation of radical microorganisms grown on meat-peptone agar, fungi,
      nitrifiers and cellulose degraders. The effect of the tested fertilizers was
      dissimilar during plant vegetation. Under the influence of fertilizers
      proliferation of actinomycetes increased at the phase of 3--4 leaves. At later
      phases of the plant development a similar tendency was manifest upon soil
      application of N120P60K60, N60P120K60 and N120P120K120. The azotobacter density
      increased only after application of N60P120K60, N60P60K120 and N30P60K30.

PMID- 1208382
TI  - [Isolation of alkaloid-like substances from penicillium fungi].
AB  - Alkaloid-like substances have been obtained from the cultivation of fungi
      Penicillium granulatum and Penicillin corylophillum. The procedure for their
      preparative isolation has been developed. They do not have physico-chemical
      characteristics typical of alkaloids viridicatine and cyclopenine, previously
      isolated from Penicillium fungi. The presence of nitrogen in the structure has
      been shown in the product synthesized by Penicillium granulatum. Ultraviolet,
      infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra have been recorded for the
      product.

PMID- 1208383
TI  - [Kinetic sorption of nicotinic acid by anionites].
AB  - Studies of the kinetic sorption of nicotinic acid have demonstrated that the
      ionites AH-22, AH-31 and IR-45 absorb it quantitatively from water solutions. The
      static exchange capacity of nicotinic acid makes 3.5 mmole/g for AH-22 and IR-45
      and 2.0 mmole/g for AH-31 and remains unchanged after ionite sterilization.
      Ionite AH-22 absorbs also quantitatively nicotinic acid from reaction mixtures
      used in its microbiological synthesis from 3-methyl pyridine. Formic acid (2n)
      desorbs entirely nicotinic acid from the above ionites. The sorption of nicotinic
      acid on AH-22 and IR-45 ionites is associated with diffusion processes; there is
      no chemical interaction between nicotinic acid and the ionites tested.

PMID- 1208384
TI  - [High voltage electrophoresis in starch gel of sarcoplasmatic and myofibrillar
      proteins of animal skeletal muscles].
AB  - The procedure for cooling starch gel during high voltage electrophoresis (voltage
      gradient 30-35 v/cm) of proteins of skeletal muscles of animals has been
      developed. In cooling the gel cuvette by ethanol of 15 divided by -20 degrees and
      -35 divided by -40 degrees C during electrophoresis in interrupted buffer systems
      of sarcoplasmatic and myofibrillar proteins the temperature of the gel plate does
      not exceed 26 degrees C in the most important sites. This allows heat
      denaturation of proteins during their separation.

PMID- 1208386
TI  - [Growth-inhibitory substances in barley grain during postharvest ripening].
AB  - The investigation studied the occurrence of growth-inhibitory substances in
      barley grain during postharvest ripening cultivated in different climatic zones.
      It was shown that the amount of inhibitory substances accumulated in grain was
      higher under unfavourable ripening conditions. Heat treatment of freshly
      harvested barley accelerated their disintegration. The disappearance of growth
      inhibitory substances coincided with the termination of postharvest ripening of
      barley grain.

PMID- 1208385
TI  - [Composition of lipids of Actinomyces olivaceus--synthesis of vitamin B 12].
AB  - Total cellular lipids of the synthetic of vitamin B12 Act. olivaceus involve
      predominantly phospholipids (about 70%). Lipid phosphates consist of phosphatidyl
      ethanol amine and phosphatidyl-2,3-butandiol (over 40 and 30%, respectively) and
      lower quantities of phosphatidyl inositol olmonomanoside and cardiolipin. The
      neutral fraction includes the predominating fraction of triglycerides (over 20%)
      as well as mono- and diglycerides, free fatty acids, hydrocarbons and three
      fractions similar to waxes, sterines and sterine esters in their Rf values.

PMID- 1208387
TI  - [Effect of urea and amino acids of the ornithine cycle on the biomass
      accumulation and amino acids synthesis by Candida guilliermondii].
AB  - When assimilating urea, arginine, ornithine and citrulline as the sole source of
      nitrogen, C. guilliermondii shows a higher economic coefficient of biomass
      accumulation (54.2, 59.7, 40.6% respectively) as compared with ammonium sulphate
      whose coefficient is 35.6%. Nitrogen sources exert a significant influence on the
      content of essential amino acids in the alcohol soluble fraction of cell biomass.
      For instance, urea and arginine are responsible for the accumulation of ornithine
      (220 and 480 mug/100 mg abs. dry weight), arginine (470 and 587 mug), aspartic
      acid (220 mug), glutamic acid (520 and 444 mug), alanine (460 and 500 mug),
      whereas ammonium sulphate provides an accumulation of serine--52 mug, glycine--57
      mug, gamma-aminobutyric acid--480 mug, phenyl alanine--96 mug and leucine--96
      mug.

PMID- 1208388
TI  - [Double substrate-oxygen limitation of the growth of methanol oxidizing yeasts].
AB  - The influence of the double substrate-oxygen limitation on the specific rate of
      growth of two strains of methanol oxidizing yeast Candida boidinii was studied in
      a chemostat. On the basis of the bottle-neck theory in the metabolic chain of
      biochemical reactions, relations between the specific rate of yeast growth and
      limiting concentrations of methanol and oxygen are suggested. They agree with a
      certain mechanism of enzymic bisubstrate reactions.

PMID- 1208389
TI  - [Yeast cell wall as an inducer of cell lytic enzymes].

PMID- 1208390
TI  - [Enzyme activity in the fermenting medium during controlled yeast cultivation].

PMID- 1208391
TI  - [Regulation of lysine biosynthesis in the leucine-dependent mutant of Micrococcus
      glutamicus].
AB  - The role of leucine in metabolism of Micrococcus glutamicus was examined in
      relation to the lysis synthesis by the homoserine- and leucine-dependent strains
      of M. glutamicus 106 and the homoserine-dependent strain of M. glutamicus 95. In
      addition to the growth function, leucine produced a controlling effect on the
      yield of the end product. In the presence of leucine the inhibitory effect of
      isoleucine on the lysine yield was reduced or reversed. The end effect depended
      on the leucine: isoleucine ratio. The mechanism of interaction of amino acid
      metabolites with respect to the lysine biosynthesis in both strains is discussed.

PMID- 1208392
TI  - [Effect of oleic acid and Tween-80 on lysine synthesis by the culture
      Corynebacterium glutamicum].
AB  - The effect of oxidized and unoxidized oleic acid and Tween-80 on the growth and
      lysine synthesis by the producers C. glutamicum strains 95, 8, 28 was
      investigated. Surface active substances like oxidized and unoxidized oleic acid
      and Tween-80 during cultivation of the lysine producers on the glucose medium
      (the synthetic medium) and the medium with molasses and corn extract either
      inhibited the culture growth, thus reducing lysine yield, or accelerated the
      culture growth, thus increasing lysine yield. Oxidized and unoxidized oleic acid
      produced the greatest effect when added to the nutrient medium on the 48th
      cultivation hour. The increment of synthesized lysine was 120-150% of the
      control. Tween-80 proved to be very effective when added at early stages of
      fermentation (20 hours).

PMID- 1208393
TI  - [Metabolism of monocarbon compounds during biological purification of sewage
      waters].
AB  - Pathways and rates of metabolism of three 14C1-compounds (methanol, formaldehyde,
      and formic acid) were investigated by means of the heterogeneous population of
      activated sludge microorganisms. For the above microbial population formaldehyde
      was the primary or preferential substrate. During an hour aeration it was
      processed by activated sludge 6 times faster than by sodium formiate and 2 times
      faster than by methanol. The basic pathways of its transformation were oxidation
      via formiate to CO2 with its partial reutilization and direct incorporation into
      the sludge biomass via the primary formation of serine. An addition of methanol
      increased the incorporation of 14C-formadehyde into biomass and decreased the
      formation of free 14CO2. The main mechanism of the transformation of 14C-formiate
      in activated sludge was its oxidation to CO2. An addition of methanol and
      formaldehyde induced no essential changes in the rate or pattern of their
      metabolism.

PMID- 1208394
TI  - [Storage of the thermophilous Actinomyces thermovulgaris strain T-54--producer of
      proteolytic enzymes].

PMID- 1208395
TI  - [Lysosomal cathepsins and patterns of proteolysis in bovine muscles].

PMID- 1208396
TI  - [Cytochrome f from Chlorella pyrenoidosa Pringsheim 82 T].
AB  - Cytochrome of the f type was isolated from the thermophilous autotrophic strain
      Chlorella pyrenoidosa Pringsheim 82T and purified on Sephadex G-75. The isolation
      procedure allowed a simultaneous production of glutamate dehydrogenase
      isoenzymes. From 100 g of Chlorella wet paste 100 to 120 nM of
      electrophoretically unicomponent protein with a molecular weight of 12,000 to
      13,000 were isolated. The Chlorella cytochrome had an absorption spectrum in the
      visible light that was typical of the f type cytochromes.

PMID- 1208397
TI  - [Content of hemicelluloses in brewers' barley and malt].

PMID- 1208398
TI  - [Conditions of isolation of the enzyme lipase from Nigella damascena L. seeds].

PMID- 1208399
TI  - [Study of ultrafiltration of trypsin solutions].
AB  - The dependence of the rate of trypsin ultrafiltration on the concentration,
      pressure and structure of membranes was studied. During ultrafiltration of
      diluted trypsin (0.3 mg/ml), water and sodium chloride the flow rate increased
      linearly with a pressure increase in the range of 0.4-4.2 kg/cm2. During
      ultrafiltration of trypsin solutions of a concentration of 1 mg/ml and over at a
      pressure of 2-3 kg/cm2 deviations from linear proportionality occurred which
      enhanced with an increase in the protein concentration and a decrease in membrane
      permeability.

PMID- 1208401
TI  - [Modification of the ferrocyanide version of the glucose oxidase method for
      measuring glucose].

PMID- 1208400
TI  - [Method of measuring beta-glucan activity].

PMID- 1208402
TI  - [Spectrophometric methods of measuring 5-keto-D-gluconic acid].

PMID- 1208403
TI  - [Separate measurement of fluoroanalogues of desmosterol, cholesterol, 7
      dehydrocholesterol by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography].
AB  - An attempt was made to develop a new method for separate measurement of sterols
      of similar chemical structure--desmosterol, cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol--by
      means of thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. Fluoroanalogues of the sterols
      were well separated in the adsorbent thin layer. This facilitated their further
      identification, quantitation and accumulation. Similar results were obtained with
      the aid of gas liquid chromatography.

PMID- 1208404
TI  - [Free amino acids in milk containing different amounts of dry substances after
      its fermentation by lactic acid Streptococci].
AB  - The content of free amino acids in milk containing different amounts of dry
      substances (11.2, 16, 18%) was measured. An increase in the content of dry
      substances reduced the capacity of lactic acid streptococci to accumulate
      threonine, proline, alanine, tyrosine and elevated their capacity to accumulate
      serine, cystine, norleucine, phenylalanine. The content of free amino acids was
      much higher during continuous cultivation than at the end of the stationary
      phase.

PMID- 1208405
TI  - [Volatile oil of Anethum Graveolens L. as an inhibitor of yeast and lactic acid
      bacteria].
AB  - The antimicrobial activity of 25 volatile oils from aerial parts and seeds of
      dill (Anethum graveolens L.) of different geographical origin towards yeast
      Saccharomyces vini and lactic acid bacteria Lactobacterium buchneri was measured
      by serial dilutions. Volatile oils from mature seeds and green parts of the
      plants harvested at late vegetation phases showed the highest activity. The
      geographical origin of plants influenced insignificantly the antimicrobial
      activity of volatile oil.

PMID- 1208406
TI  - [Content of metal ions in Candida tropicalis].

PMID- 1208407
TI  - [Cytochromes of paraffin oxidizing yeast Candida guillermondii K-5].
AB  - The cytochrome group of the enzymes-electron carriers in the terminal site of the
      respiratory chain of paraffin-oxidizing yeast C. guilliermondii K-5 has been
      identified. Spectral peaks of their reduced form correspond to the following wave
      lengths: c-412, a1-510 and a2-546nm. Variations in the content of cytochrome C of
      the accumulative culture have been studied. Reduced forms are predominant in the
      lag-phase and in the phase of exponential growth. This predominance disappears in
      the phase with negative acceleration and the dying culturt contains a greater
      number of oxidized forms.

PMID- 1208408
TI  - [Influence of products of thermophilous methane fermentation on the mixed lactic
      acid bacterial culture].
AB  - The effect of products resulting from thermophilous methane fermentation on the
      accumulation and ratio of different lactic acid bacteria (Str. lactis, Str.
      cremoris, Str. diacetilactis, Str. diacetil. var. acetoinicus, Leuc. citrovorum8
      L. plantarum) was investigated upon their combined cultivation in milk and serum.
      In combined cultivation of the streptococcal culture the rate of growth of a
      single strain differed from that in separate cultivation. Str. cremoris was
      accumulated with the highest rate during its separate cultivation and with the
      lowest rate during its combined cultivation. An addition of products of
      thermophilous methane fermentation to the combined culture of streptococci of
      different strains increased the growth rate and accumulation of each strain. At
      the same time the products influenced differently the quantitative ratios of
      various strains in the resulting biomass. For instance, the relative content of
      Str. cremoris and Leuc. citrovorum decreased insignificantly and that of Str.
      lactis and Str. diacetil. var. acetoin.increased. The combined cultivation of the
      five streptococcal strains with L. plantarum in the medium containing no
      additions of thermophilous methane fermentation products increased the relative
      content of L. plantarum from the beginning of fermentation. In the medium
      containing the additions of this parameter varied sinusoidally with a minimum of
      6 to 9 hours. Possible mechanisms of these changes are discussed.

PMID- 1208409
TI  - [Effect of the growth phase and nutrient medium on the survival of lyophilized
      cells of Pseudomonas denitrificans].
AB  - The influence of the growth phase and cultivation condition of Pseudomonas
      denitrificans on the survival of the culture after lyophilization was examined.
      The culture removed for drying in the stationary phase showed the highest
      resistance to lyophilization. The cells dried at the beginning of exponential
      phase displayed enhanced sensitivity to lyophilization. Addition to the
      cultivation medium (meat-peptone broth) of Tween-80 (0.25%) caused an increase of
      proteins, lipids and polysaccharides in cells and an enhancement of their
      telerance to lyophilization.

PMID- 1208410
TI  - [Effect of low temperature treatment of liquid nutrient media on the reproduction
      of microorganisms].
AB  - The development of bacterial cultures of 37 microbial strains was studied after
      their 4-5 and 24 hour cultivation in liquid thawed and normal nutrient media. The
      cultivation of gram-positive aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria,
      actinomycetes and moulds in pre-frozen nutrient media increased 2-4 fold their
      reproduction as compared to that in the media that were not prefrozen. An
      insigificant acceleration of growth was found in six strains of gram-negative
      aerobic bacteria.

PMID- 1208411
TI  - [Study of catalase and proteolytic activities of different variants of Bacillus
      mesentericus].
AB  - Catalase and proteolytic activity of the culures and morphological variants of
      Bacillus mesentericus fuscus, Bac. mesentericus vulgatus were studied. The
      variants were obtained as a result of prolonged cultivation of the stock strains
      in the potato mash under the layer of vaseline oil. The level of catalase
      activity varies in different morphological variants of the same culture, changes
      with age and depends on the storage conditions. The catalase activity in the
      rough, smooth and papillar variants that were freshly isolated from the potato
      mash was 1.5=2.5 times lower than that in the variants long kept on the agar
      medium. The quantitative indexes of the proteolytic activity of different
      variants also varied.

PMID- 1208412
TI  - [Use of enzymic preparations during diosgenine isolation from Dioscorea caucasica
      Lipsky].
AB  - The use of enzymic preparations of the cellulolytic and macerating effect was
      studied as applied to the isolation of diosgenine from rhizomes of Dioscorea
      caucasica Lypsky. The enzymic treatment of the steroid containing raw material
      prior to acid hydrolysis increased the yield of diosgenine by 30-48%. It is
      suggested that additional extraction of diosgenine takes place due to: 1) enzymic
      hydrolysis of structural polysaccharide components of the plant tissue and
      intercellular binding materials and 2) disintegration of glycoside bonds of
      saponins.

PMID- 1208413
TI  - [Variability of the protein and amino acid content in the rice grain].
AB  - The amino acid composition of raw protein of ten regional varieties of rice
      harvested in 1972 and 1973 was investigated. The amino acid composition was
      measured in the Hd-1200e analyzer. Coefficients of variations in the content of
      protein and invididual amino acids were determined in relation to the rice
      variety. Consistent correlation between the lysine concentration in the protein
      and the protein content in the grain was established. The influence of climatic
      conditions on the protein accumulation in the rice grain was noted.

PMID- 1208414
TI  - [Phytoalexin activity in apples as an indication of their resistance to
      phytopathogenic microorganisms].
AB  - Phytoalexin activity of various apple varieties was measured during their storage
      at subcryoscopic (-2.3 degrees C) and supracryoscopic (-1.3 degrees C)
      temperatures. More resistant late winter apple varieties Renet Simitrenko and
      Renet Champagne showed higher phyto-alexin activity than the autumn-winter strain
      Calville Snowy. By the end of storage the phytoalexin activity decreased
      independently on the storage conditions. However, the apples that were kepat at
      supracryoscopic temperature retained a hight phytoalexin activity. The apples
      which were kept at -2.3 degrees C showed no phytoalexin activity.

PMID- 1208415
TI  - [Study of thermostable proteins in potatoes by isoelectric focusing].
AB  - With the aid of the method of isoelectric focusing eight thermostable proteins
      with isoelectric points of 3.6, 3.9, 4.u, 5.1, 5.8, 6.6, 7.2 and 10.0 were found
      in the extract from potato tubers of the Lyubimets variety. All the proteins had
      inhibitory activity in relation to alpha-chymotrypsin and trypsin.

PMID- 1208416
TI  - [Disintegration of cells of methane oxidizing bacteria by gas decompression].
AB  - The efficacy of disrupting cells of methane oxidizing bacteria M. trichosporium
      strain 20 by air decompression was measured. The efficacy increased with a rise
      of the gas pressure, density of the bacterial suspension and the ratio of the air
      and suspension volumes. The relationship between the efficacy of disruption of
      the microorganisms and the rate of pressure reduction showed a distinct maximum.
      The efficacy of the bacterial disruption did not change with an increase of the
      time of saturation of the bacterial suspension by air from 30 sec. to 60 min.

PMID- 1208417
TI  - [Trypsin concentration by ultrafiltration].
AB  - Criteria for the selection of membranes and optimal conditions for the trypsin
      concentration by ultrafiltration through acetylcellulose membranes have been
      developed. The possibility of a repeated concentration of trypsin by means of
      these membrances has been shown.

PMID- 1208418
TI  - [Polarographic assay of nicotinic acid in the culture liquid].
AB  - The method of potarographic assay of nicotinic acid in the culure liquid has been
      developed. The effect of all the constituents of the culture liquid on the
      accuracy of measurements has been tested. The analytic scheme which provides
      elimination of interfering components has been devised. As the polarographic
      medium 0.1 n HCl was used. The quantity of nicotinic acid was measured with
      respect to the wave of E1/2 = - 1.18 v. The described method makes it possible to
      identify nicotinic acid at concentrations of 3.3 X 10(-4) M to 3.3 X 10(-3) M in
      the culture liquid with an error of not more than +/-5%.

PMID- 1208419
TI  - [Comparative characterization of polysaccharide fractions in grapes].
AB  - Different methods of isolating polysaccharides from grapes were evaluated with
      respect to the three indictrial grape varieties Traminer pink, Rkatsiteli,
      Cabernet-Sovinjon. Hot water extration was shown to be the best method in the
      isolation of water-soluble polysaccharides in primary wine-making. The
      qualitative and quantitative composition of the isolated polysaccharides was
      found to depend on the method of isolating polysaccharide fractions. The
      polysaccharides of grapes were heterogeneous in their molecular weight. The
      results of periodate oxidation of high molecular weight carbohydrates suggest a
      branched structure of polymers of water-soluble polysaccharides of grapes.

PMID- 1208420
TI  - [Enzynatic method of disrupting yeast cell walls].
AB  - The influence of the preparation of mucolytic enzymes obtained from the culture
      liquid filtrate of Actinomyces griseinus on the yeast Candida guilliermondii was
      investigated. Lipids, hydrocarbons and proteins were extracted and free amino
      acids were separated from the biomass made of disrupted yeast cells. The extract
      contained 73% of cytoplasmic substances whereas normal yeast (enzymically
      untreated) contain on the average 13.7%. Lipids and hydrocarbons were measured.

PMID- 1208421
TI  - [Effect of amino acids on the hemicellulase synthesis by the fungus Aspergillus
      awamori 16-4E].
AB  - The effect of different amino acids on the hemicellulase synthesis by the fungus
      Aspergillus awamori 16-4E was investigated. The favorable influence of beta
      alanine on the enzyme synthesis was demonstrated. Quantitative changes of beta
      alanine and glutamic acid in the cell of Asp. awamori 16-4E were followed during
      the fungal development.

PMID- 1208422
TI  - [Changes in the intracellular pool of free amino acids of Streptococcus lactis
      under different cultivation conditions].
AB  - The intracellular pool of free amino of Streptococcus lactis--lysine producer
      contains a good number of amino acids when cultivated on the corn medium.
      Glutamic acid, proline, alanine, lysine, leucine, histidine and arginine are in
      predominance. An almost complete amino acid pool develops at an early exponential
      phase of Str. lactis growth under stationary cultivation conditions. The content
      of free amino acids increases 4-fold during the transition from the early
      exponential phase to the stationary phases under submerged cultivation
      conditions. This can be attributed to a more intensive amino acid exchange during
      the medium stirring than during stationary cultivation.

PMID- 1208423
TI  - [Comparative study of moderate and virulent phages of mesophilous lactic acid
      streptococci].
AB  - A method has been developed to identify phage containing mesophilous lactic acid
      streptococci. The method is based on the chloroform treatment of young cultures.
      The isolated moderate phages P4St and P6St are morphologically identical and
      serologically related to one another and to virulent phages P1Sv, P2Sv, P3Sv,
      P12Sv, P13Sv that can be isolated in industrial phagolysis.

PMID- 1208424
TI  - [Proteolytic preparation from the culture of Bacillus polymyxa str. 13-13].
AB  - A proteolytic preparation has been isolated from the culture fluid filtrate
      Bacillus polymyxa str. 13-13 by salting out with (NH4)2SO4 (0.7 of complete
      saturation). The data characterizing the amino acid composition and the enzymic
      system of the resultant preparation are given. It has been shown that the
      proteolytic activity depends on the enzyme containing metal ion, i. e. metal
      enzyme.

PMID- 1208425
TI  - [Multiple forms of acid phosphatase of the mould Aspergillus awamori str. 22].
AB  - By isoelectric focusing and DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-150 chromatography it
      has been shown that extracellular acid phosphatase produced by Aspergillus
      awamori str. 22 exists as a mixture of oligomers of molecular weights ranging
      from 30,000 to 140,000. With an increase of aggregation of molecules of acid
      phosphatase the isoelectric point increases from 4.6 to 5.4.

PMID- 1208426
TI  - [Effect of products of thermophilous methane fermentation on the fermentation of
      fruit must by Saccharomyces vini].
AB  - Experiments were carried out to study the effect of extracts from products of
      thermophilous methane fermentation at a dose of 0.7+2.0 ml/100 ml on the
      proliferation and fermentation activity of yeast Saccharomyces vini of the
      Yablochnaya-7 and Vishnevaya-33 race during their cultivation in the Hansen
      medium and in the apple and cranberry must with a normal and elevated content of
      sugar and acid. In some experiments the must was enriched in (NH4)2HPO4 at a dose
      of 0.3 g/l. Additions of small amounts of products of thermophilous methane
      fermentation accelerated fermentation of fruit musts with a normal sugar content
      and to a greater extent musts with an increased sugar content (27%). In the must
      enriched in (NH4)2HPO4 an almost complete (over 98%) fermentation of sugar
      developed for 27 days. In the must with an increased acidity (due to citric acid
      added to bring titrable acidity to 25 g/l) additions of the preparation also
      accerlerated the begining of the fermentation and increased its intensity.

PMID- 1208428
TI  - [Effect of magnesium concentration in the culture medium on the trace element
      requirement of yeasts].
AB  - The effect of different magnesium concentrations in the culture liquid (ranging
      from 2=6 to 220 mg/l) on the accumulation of Mg and Mn ions in the yeast Candida
      guilliermondii was studied during their continuous cultivation on purified liquid
      paraffins. A reverse correlation between the accumulation of magnesium and
      manganese in the yeast biomass was established. The magnesium content in the
      biomass increased with an increase of its concentration in the nutrient medium.
      The biomass yield was optimal at a concentration of magnesium ions in the
      nutrient medium of 10=25 mg/l. Under these conditions the content of magnesium
      ions was 0.4 mg % and that of manganese ions (upon their concentration in the
      nutrient medium of 1=2 mg/l) was 20 mg%.

PMID- 1208427
TI  - [Effect of cultivation conditions on the activity of respiration of Saccharomyces
      bayanus].
AB  - The effect of sugar and ammonium nitrogen content in the initial nutrient medium
      as well as the cultivation temperature on the respiration activity and
      respiratory quotient of yeast used in the champagne manufacture was studied. An
      addition of ammonium nitrogen stimulated respiratory processes in the yeast cell.
      The respiration activity increased with an increase of pH to 4.0. With an
      elevation of the sugar content of the substrate the respiratory quotient
      increased resulting in an uneconomic utilization of sugar. The maximum
      respiration activity and minimum respiratory quotient occurred at a temperature
      of 20 degrees.

PMID- 1208429
TI  - [Vitamin biosynthesis by germinating seeds at low temperature and in
      overmoistened soil].
AB  - The distribution of farnesene and farnesene hydroperoxide in apples of different
      varieties was studied. The relationship between the content of these compounds
      and the pathological browning of the apple surface, scald was followed. It was
      shown that 1) farnesene and farnesene hydroperoxide were concentrated in the
      cuticle; 2) there was no distinct correlation between farnesene concentration and
      scald, 3) there was a direct correlation between the concentration of farnese
      hydroperoxide and scald development; 4) the factors that inhibited farnesene
      oxidation (antioxidants, low oxygen concentration, mineral oils--farnesene
      absorbers) slowed down the scald development during apple storage.

PMID- 1208430
TI  - [Method of electrophoretic determination of S-methyl methionine in plants].
AB  - A method to determine S-methyl methionine (vitamin U) in plants has been devised.
      The method includes S-methyl methionine extraction extract purification on
      cationite KU-2 in the NH4+-form, S-methyl methionine eluation with 2n water
      solution of NH4OH from the cation exchange resin, eluate evaporation in vacuo,
      dissolution of the residue in a minimal amount of water acidified with
      hydrochloric acid, electrophoretic separation of S-methyl methionine from basic
      amino acids, ninhydrine development of the electrophoregram, methanol eluation of
      the spot corresponding to S-methyl methionine, and colorimetry of the solution at
      506 mmu. Relative error is +/-2.5%.

PMID- 1208431
TI  - [Use of colour reactions to identify lipid classes, including tocopherols, by
      thin-layer chromatography].
AB  - Colour reactions of different classes and individual lipids of plant origin with
      organic and inorganic compounds (used as reagents) were studied to identify them
      in thin-layer silica gel. Some of the reagents (p-dimethyl phenylene diamine,
      chromotropic acid in H2SO4, Ti(SO4)2 in H2SO4) helped to detect main lipid
      classes and to identify selectively individual compounds (alpha- and gamma
      tocopherols). Hydrochloric p-nitrophenyl diazonium, p-dimethyl aminobenzaldehyde
      are of interest mainly as group reagents to lipid classes with common properties.
      The reaction sensitivity is measured in micrograms.

PMID- 1208432
TI  - [Preparation of cell walls of group A Streptococcus. Methods of disintegration,
      isolation and control].
AB  - A method for disintegration of cells of group A streptococcus on the Edebeau
      extrusion press was developed. The level of disintegration was controlled by cell
      count in stained preparations, Coultier electronic counter and electron
      microscope. The streptococcus cell disintegration in the Edebeau extrusion press
      at a temperature of --40 degrees, a pressure of 3200 kg/cm2 and two cycles of the
      process was completed by 96-98%.

PMID- 1208434
TI  - [Continuity of treatment of patients with tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208433
TI  - [The effect physical factors and proteolytic enzymes on actinomycete mycelium and
      spores].
AB  - The influence of enzymes (lyzozyme, trypsin, papain) and physical factors
      (hydrostatic pressure, mechanical sand grinding, extrusion in the frozen state,
      ultrasonic treatment) on the spores and mycelium of actinomycetes Actinomyces
      streptomycini B-6 and Thiobacillus vulgaris 2681 was studied. Actinomycete spores
      proved to be stable to trypsin and papain. Lyzozyme induced an almost complete
      disruption of the mycelium. The influence of hydrostatic pressure and lyzozyme on
      spores was the least effective. The best disruption of spores was produced by
      ultrasonic treatment and extrusion in the frozen state. The intensity of
      coloration of pigmented supernatants was the highest during ultrasonic disruption
      of spores.

PMID- 1208435
TI  - [Importance of certain immunological tests in differential diagnosis of
      tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes].

PMID- 1208437
TI  - [Bronchoradiometry in differential diagnosis of cancer and tuberculosis of the
      lungs].

PMID- 1208436
TI  - [Lung cancer in patients with tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208438
TI  - [Bronchoscopy under anesthesia in an outpatient clinic].

PMID- 1208439
TI  - [State of the bronchi in fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208440
TI  - [Liver function in patients with chronic destructive pulmonary tuberculosis
      during complex treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol].

PMID- 1208441
TI  - [Radioisotope diagnosis of disorders of kidney function in patients with
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208443
TI  - [Characteristics of surgical wound healing in patients with osteo-articular
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208444
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological picture of tuberculous spondylitis complicated by
      bronchial fistula].

PMID- 1208442
TI  - [Intestinal tuberculosis in present-day clinical practice].

PMID- 1208445
TI  - [Remote results of surgical removal of extra-articular foci in tuberculous
      coxitis].

PMID- 1208446
TI  - [Laser ray in treatment of tuberculous osteitis in rabbits].

PMID- 1208447
TI  - [Primary disability of patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208448
TI  - [Disability in persons having undergone surgery in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208449
TI  - [Clinical course and outcome of newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis (according
      to dispensary materials)].

PMID- 1208450
TI  - [Organization of treatment and expert testimony of temporary disability of
      patients with newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208452
TI  - [Causes of recurrences of tuberculosis of the respiratory organs].

PMID- 1208451
TI  - [Work capacity dynamics in the invalids because of silicotuberculosis].

PMID- 1208453
TI  - [Recurrences of tuberculosis of the respiratory organs].

PMID- 1208454
TI  - [Myocardial function according to spatial quantitative vectorcardiography and
      cardiodynamics in persons clinically cured of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208455
TI  - [Zonography in the study of the structure and function of the lungs in patients
      with tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208456
TI  - [Disorders of bronchial patency in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208457
TI  - [Bronchological study in surgical treatment of disseminated forms of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208458
TI  - [Results of simultaneous cavernotomy and limited thoracoplasty in treatment of
      patients with disseminated and complicated fibrous-cavernous pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208459
TI  - [Intravenous chemotherapy of newly detected destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208460
TI  - [Remote results of subtotal synovectomy of the knee joint in adults with
      tuberculous synovitis].

PMID- 1208461
TI  - [Controlled out-patient chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208462
TI  - [Characteristics of hemodynamics in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis
      with concomitant atherosclerosis].

PMID- 1208463
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological characteristics and pathogenesis of pulmonary retention
      cysts].

PMID- 1208464
TI  - [Diagnosis of intrathoracic sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1208465
TI  - [Syndrome of chronic staphylococcal intoxication in patients with fibrous
      cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208466
TI  - [Changes of microcirculatory vascular bed in experimental renal tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208467
TI  - [Occupational rehabilitation of patients with tuberculosis after lung resection].

PMID- 1208469
TI  - [Rare case of mycotic lung disease].

PMID- 1208468
TI  - [Significance of long-term administration of ethyl alcohol in antibacterial
      therapy of experimental tuberculosis in rabbits].

PMID- 1208470
TI  - [Diseases of the accessory nasal sinuses in patients with pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1208471
TI  - [Treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and concomitant diseases of
      the gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1208472
TI  - Editorial: History of the Central Neurosurgical Society. Its formative years,
      1959-1974.

PMID- 1208473
TI  - Editorial: How can we supply comprehensive health care?

PMID- 1208474
TI  - Nutrition, infection and intellect.

PMID- 1208476
TI  - Phagocytosis: defense against pyogenic infection.

PMID- 1208475
TI  - Total thyroidectomy for cancer of the thyroid.

PMID- 1208477
TI  - The energy value to sheep of a mixed grass silage.

PMID- 1208478
TI  - Field-bean (Vicia faba L.) protein in feeds for preruminant calves.

PMID- 1208479
TI  - Food intake control in zinc-deficient rats of the Zucker-Zucker strain.

PMID- 1208480
TI  - Maintenance requirement and adipocyte count of rats from large and small litters,
      at the same weight.

PMID- 1208481
TI  - Influence of dietary fat intake of the mother on composition of body fat of
      newborn guinea-pigs.

PMID- 1208482
TI  - Effect of dietary sunflower-seed oil on the fatty acid composition and desaturase
      activity of tissues from congenitally obese rats.

PMID- 1208484
TI  - Rumen microbial population of lambs given mineral-supplemented diets.

PMID- 1208483
TI  - The effect of altering dilution rate on the pattern of fermentation in the rumen.

PMID- 1208486
TI  - The Ethiopian famine of 1973-4. 1. Wollo province.

PMID- 1208485
TI  - The body density and total body potassium content of sixty-eight men and women of
      different ages and a variety of physiques.

PMID- 1208487
TI  - The Ethiopian famine of 1973-4. 2. Harerge province.

PMID- 1208488
TI  - The effect of breast-feeding and artificial feeding on body-weights, skinfold
      measurements and food intakes of forty-two primiparous women.

PMID- 1208489
TI  - A comparison of growth in wholly breast-fed infants and in artificially fed
      infants.

PMID- 1208491
TI  - The possible effect of L-leucine on the nicotinic acid requirement of the rat.

PMID- 1208490
TI  - Nutrient intake of students in two different types of residences.

PMID- 1208493
TI  - The effect of fenfluramine on blood glucose and ascorbic acid in normal subjects.

PMID- 1208492
TI  - The effect of some antioxidants on lipofuscin accumulation in rat brain.

PMID- 1208494
TI  - The effect of dietary sucrose on lipid metabolism in Dutch belted rabbits
      (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

PMID- 1208495
TI  - The effect of dietary sucrose and hydrogenated coconut oil on atherosclerosis in
      Dutch belted rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

PMID- 1208496
TI  - The Ethiopian famine.

PMID- 1208497
TI  - Food-production and food-supply programmes in India.

PMID- 1208498
TI  - Some obstacles to eliminating famine.

PMID- 1208499
TI  - UK contributions to famine relief.

PMID- 1208500
TI  - Responses of growing pigs to combinations of essential amino acids.

PMID- 1208501
TI  - A preliminary investigation of the effects of salinity on the bacterial flora of
      the Tay estuary.
AB  - Two features of the effects of salinity on the bacterial flora of the Tay estuary
      are considered. First the effect of salinity on the size and species composition
      of the resident microflora at various sites within the estuary. The second part
      is concerned with data obtained from laboratory experiments designed to study the
      effects of subjecting marine and freshwater bacteria, isolated from the Tay, to
      salt stress.

PMID- 1208502
TI  - Criteria for condylotomy: a clinical appraisal of 211 cases.

PMID- 1208503
TI  - Observations on ice crystals in tissue subjected to repeat freezing.

PMID- 1208504
TI  - Cryosurgery for facial skin lesions.

PMID- 1208506
TI  - Quality control in clinical chemistry.

PMID- 1208505
TI  - Cryosurgery of the oral mucous membranes.

PMID- 1208507
TI  - Quality control in histopathology.

PMID- 1208508
TI  - Quality control in diagnostic virology.
AB  - Quality control in diagnostic virology is in its infancy and some preliminary
      investigations are reported. Simulated specimens containing viruses have been
      prepared and distributed so that they could be included in the routine work of
      virus isolation in participating laboratories. Sera containing antibodies to
      rubella and influenza virus have also been sent to laboratories for testing.
      Laboratories were able to check their results immediately after the closing date,
      and could compare their performance with that of other laboratories when the
      analysis of each distribution was circulated. The results so far show
      considerable variation in performance and indicate that there is room for
      improvement in some laboratories. There is no evidence to show whether the
      exercise has had any effect on the practice of virology in participating
      laboratories but some baselines have been produced for comparison with the
      results of investigations in the future.

PMID- 1208509
TI  - Preparation of quality control materials in clinical chemistry and haematology.

PMID- 1208510
TI  - Quality control in blood coagulation.

PMID- 1208511
TI  - Audit and the pathologist.

PMID- 1208512
TI  - Treatment of the 'persistent offender'.

PMID- 1208513
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of paralysis of the larynx and pharynx.

PMID- 1208514
TI  - Radiology in the study of neurological diseases affecting the pharynx and larynx.

PMID- 1208515
TI  - Accidental sensitization to 1-bromo-2, 4 dinitrobenzene.

PMID- 1208516
TI  - Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the scalp with pulmonary metastasis.

PMID- 1208517
TI  - Crohn's disease of the mouth.

PMID- 1208518
TI  - Erythematous sarcoid.

PMID- 1208519
TI  - Transplacental carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1208520
TI  - Some aspects of epidemiology in paediatric oncology.

PMID- 1208521
TI  - Weight reduction.

PMID- 1208522
TI  - The plastic surgical treatment of obesity.

PMID- 1208523
TI  - Accuracy of lymph node assessment in carcinoma of the rectum.

PMID- 1208524
TI  - Leukoplakia buccalis: an enigma.

PMID- 1208525
TI  - Occupational acro-osteolysis (two cases).

PMID- 1208526
TI  - Multicentric pigmented Bowen's disease of the perineum.

PMID- 1208528
TI  - Cut-throat surgery.

PMID- 1208529
TI  - Intrauterine infection.

PMID- 1208527
TI  - Tracheostomy.

PMID- 1208530
TI  - Congenital infection due to toxoplasma.

PMID- 1208531
TI  - Effects of rubella virus on the human fetus.

PMID- 1208532
TI  - Comparison of radioisotope and ultrasound scans of the thyroid.

PMID- 1208533
TI  - Measurement of intrathyroid iodine by neutron activation analysis.

PMID- 1208534
TI  - Early detection of metastatic breast cancer using new bone scanning agents.

PMID- 1208535
TI  - An appraisal of imaging methods to detect disease of the adrenal glands, the
      pancreas and the parathyroids.

PMID- 1208536
TI  - Surgery of the mastoid: the first centenary.

PMID- 1208537
TI  - Effect of cholesterol feeding on circadian rhythm of hepatic and intestinal
      cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters.
AB  - Forty-eight adult hamsters were divided equally into two groups fed a control
      diet and a 2% cholesterol diet, respectively, under a rigid lighting (6 PM-6 AM)
      and feeding (6 PM-8 AM) schedule for three weeks. The cholesterol synthetic
      activity of the liver, stomach, small intestine, cecum, colon and kidney was
      measured by in vivo conversion of acetate-1-14C to cholesterol in four animals
      each time at 4 hour intervals. A remarkable circadian rhythm with the peak at
      midnight and the nadir at noon was found in the liver of the control hamsters,
      but was completely abolished in the cholesterol-fed animals since the activity
      was nearly totally suppressed at all times. The small intestine exhibited a
      similar rhythm with the peak at midnight but maintained a high baseline activity
      from 8 AM to 6 PM. Cholesterol feeding did not alter the baseline activity but
      reduced 17% of the peak activity. Other organs failed to show such a circadian
      rhythm.

PMID- 1208538
TI  - Tartrazine: solid-phase radioimmunoassay studies of an azo dye implicated in
      allergic reactions (azo dyes and allergy).
AB  - A solid-phase radioimmunoassay procedure was adapted for the haptenic study of
      tartrazine, an azo dye implicated in various forms of allergy. Further, the
      haptenic relationship of tartrazine and aspirin was investigated, since
      sensitivity of individuals to the two substances is often clinically associated.
      The specificity of antibody to tartrazine was directed strongly toward a
      pyrazolone intermediate of the molecule, 1-(4-sulfophenyl)-3-carboxy-5-hydroxy
      pyrazole. Aspirin did not cross-react with anti-tartrazine, suggesting that the
      clinical association of aspirin and tartrazine sensitivity in patients is a
      nonimmunological phenomenon.

PMID- 1208539
TI  - Arginine deficiency and orotic aciduria in mammals.
AB  - Dietary arginine deficiency in rats causes significant increases in urinary
      excretion of urea, citric acid and orotic acid independently of feed intake. Urea
      excretion during arginine deficiency depends upon the diet, sex, age, and
      species. Thus urea excretion has limitations as an indicator of arginine
      availability. Although elevated urinary citric acid during arginine deficiency is
      more consistently observed, it may be influenced by citric acid in natural
      dietary ingredients. Orotic acid excretion, however, appears to be a reliable
      indicator of available dietary arginine based upon studies in rats, mice,
      hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs.

PMID- 1208540
TI  - Urine concentration and dilution: effect on red cell survival.
AB  - Survival time of 51Cr-labeled red cells was determined in dogs subjected to water
      restriction excreting concentrated urine and again following a 6-week period of
      ad lib. water intake. During water restriction, RBC survival was reduced to one
      seventh of normal. In rats with untreated diabetes insipidus, 51Cr RBC survival
      was reduced 30% as compared to the pitressin-treated state. It appears that RBC
      survival may be influenced by osmotic stress associated with the state of urine
      concentration and dilution.

PMID- 1208541
TI  - Uptake of mercury and mercury-amino acid complexes by rat renal cortex slices.
AB  - This study was undertaken in order to assess the effects of metabolism and
      complexations with amino acids on the renal uptake of mercury using rat renal
      cortex slices as the experimental system. Mercury levels attained in the slices
      after 60 min of incubation were 50% higher with mercuric cysteine than with
      mercuric chloride. This enhancement of uptake with mercuric cysteine was reduced
      in the presence of a tenfold molar excess of histidine or lysine, but not by
      serine. Excess cysteine markedly increased mercury uptake. Incubation at 25
      degrees significantly reduced uptake of mercuric cysteine, but not mercuric
      chloride. Anaerobic conditions and incubation in the presence of DNP each reduced
      mercuric cysteine uptake to the control level of mercuric chloride without
      affecting uptake of mercuric chloride. The differential aspects of metabolism on
      the uptake of mercuric cysteine and mercuric chloride and the competitive effects
      obtained with amino acids known to compete with cysteine in renal reabsorption
      support the hypothesis that a portion of the renal uptake of mercury operates
      through amino acid transport mechanisms acting on mercury-amino acid complexes.

PMID- 1208542
TI  - Characterization of acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion in the isolated
      perfused dog pancreas.
AB  - In the presence of a nonstimulatory concentration of glucose, a 60-min perfusion
      with 50 muM acetylcholine was shown to elicit a monophasic release of insulin in
      the isolated dog pancreas preparation. A decline in secretory response, which may
      be due to desensitization of the beta-cell to acetylcholine, was noted during the
      latter part of the perfusion interval. The potent insulin secretory response
      elicited by acetylcholine during the 60-min period was abolished 0y 25 muM
      atropine. Inhibition of the insulinotropic action of acetylcholine was also noted
      with administration of the mitotic spindle inhibitor, colchicine. When compared
      to 20-min control perfusions, addition of 1 mM colchicine resulted in a 50%
      reduction in acetylcholine-induced insulin release. These results suggest that
      insulin secretion stimulated by acetylcholine can be considered to be due to a
      muscarinic action of this agent which is dependent, at least in part, upon the
      microtubular system of the beta-cell.

PMID- 1208543
TI  - The matrix of rat calvarium as transformant of fibroblasts.
AB  - Allogeneic transplantation of coarse powders of the rat calvarial matrix to
      subcutaneous spaces resulted in transformation of fibroblasts to chondroblasts
      and osteoblasts. The emergence of new phenotypes was quantitated by determination
      of alkaline phosphatase activity and 45Ca incorporation. A comparison of the
      matrices from rat calvarium and diaphyseal bone revealed that matrix of the shaft
      of long bones is more potent as transformant than matrix of the vault of the
      skull.

PMID- 1208544
TI  - Intrarenal blood flow distribution: effect of carotid occlusion.
AB  - In this study we have examined the influence of bilateral carotid occlusion on
      intrarenal blood flow distribution. Using labeled microspheres to determine
      intrarenal hemodynamics, bilateral carotid ligation in mannitol or saline
      expanded dogs resulted in an increase in outer cortical blood flow and a decrease
      in inner cortical flow. Total renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate did
      not change significantly during carotid occlusion whereas the average mean
      arterial blood pressure rose from 130 to 166 mmHg. Inner cortical flow resistance
      increased substantially after carotid occlusion; outer cortical resistance was
      unchanged. These results suggest that bilateral carotid occlusion selectively
      activates inner cortical renal sympathetic fibers.

PMID- 1208545
TI  - Vascular responses to plasma hypoosmolality in man.
AB  - To study limb vascular responses to plasma hypoosmolality in man, we infused test
      solutions of hypoosmolar NaCl (145 mOsm/kg) and control solutions of isosmolar
      NaCl (290 mOsm/kg) into the brachial arteries of 14 mornotensive and 13 essential
      hypertensive patients. Limb blood pressures were monitored, limb blood flow was
      measured by indicator-dilution, and limb vascular resistance was calculated as
      mmHg/ml flow/min/100 cm3 limb volume. The infusions did not significantly change
      systemic plasma osmolality, sodium concentration, or blood pressure. Compared to
      control infusions, the hypoosmolar infusions decreased limb venous plasma
      osmolality and serum sodium concentrations by an average of 12 mOsm/kg and 7
      mEq/1, respectively. Compared to control infusions, limb venous serum
      concentrations of potassium, calcium, magnesium, or blood hematocrit were not
      altered by the hypoosmolar infusions. In response to the hypoosmolar infusions,
      limb resistance increased by 28% in normotensives and by 26% in hypertensives. We
      conclude that the acute local vascular response to a small reduction in plasma
      osmolality in the limb of man is a large increase in vascular resistance. We
      found no evidence for abnormal responses to plasma hypoosmolality in essential
      hypertensives.

PMID- 1208546
TI  - Absence of detectable interferon in jejunal biopsies, jejunal aspirates, and sera
      in experimentally induced viral gastroenteritis in man.
AB  - Seven of thirteen normal volunteers inoculated with either the Norwalk of Hawaii
      agent of viral gastroenteritis demonstrated clinical illness, with typical rapid
      onset, short duration, and rapid recovery. Examination of sera, jejunal
      aspirates, and jejunal biopsy specimens obtained 48-96 hr after inoculation,
      failed to reveal the presence of interferon in samples from either ill or well
      subjects.

PMID- 1208547
TI  - Influence of dietary safflower oil and tallow on growth, plasma lipids and
      lipogenesis in rats, pigs and chicks.
AB  - Rats, chicks and pigs were fed diets containing safflower oil or tallow. Plasma
      triglyceride levels were elevated when tallow, rather than safflower oil was
      added to the diet of rats, unchanged in chicks and lowered when tallow, rather
      than safflower oil was fed to pigs. The rate of fatty acid synthesis in rat and
      chick liver was higher, whereas the rate of lipogenesis in adipose tissue
      preparations from rats and pigs was lower when tallow, rather than safflower oil
      was fed. These results indicate that there are species-specific, as well as organ
      specific, metabolic responses to various dietary fats.

PMID- 1208548
TI  - Changes in the daily rhythm of plasma corticosterone concentration related to
      seasonal conditions in the white-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis.
AB  - Circadian variations in concentrations of plasma corticosterone were investigated
      in the white-throated sparrow maintained on short (10-hr) or long (16-hr) daily
      photoperiods. In addition, the plasma concentrations of corticosterone were
      determined throughout a day in birds that were in the reproductively
      photosensitive spring migratory condition, the reproductively photorefractory
      post nuptial molt condition, and the fall migratory condition. Distinct unimodal
      rhythms were found in photosensitive birds. The daily rise occurred 12 hr after
      the offset of light in birds kept on both the short and the long photoperiodic
      regimens. There was no discernible daily variation in photorefractory birds kept
      on a 16 hr daily photoperiod and there was a bimodal rhythm in the birds that
      were in the fall migratory condition. The results are consistent with an
      hypothesis that assigns an important role to the circadian rhythm of
      corticosteroid concentration in the photoperiodic mechanism controlling seasonal
      reproductive and migratory conditions in the white-throated sparrow.

PMID- 1208549
TI  - Effect of oral contraceptives and pregnancy on erythrocyte deformability and
      surface charge.
AB  - Erythrocyte deformability and surface charge were studied in normal premenopausal
      women, oral contraceptive users, and pregnant women. The increased incidence of
      thrombosis in women taking oral contraceptives could not be explained by
      decreased erythrocyte deformability or surface charge. However, the decreased
      erythrocyte deformability of late pregnancy may relate to thrombosis during this
      period and to increased hemolysis in patients with certain hemoglobinopathies.

PMID- 1208550
TI  - Influence of quinidine and propranolol on the intracellular distribution of 45Ca
      in rat heart.
AB  - The intracellular distribution of 45Ca in the rat heart was studied following
      separate and combined administration of quinidine and propranolol. Both drugs
      caused an increased uptake of 45Ca in the nuclear-cell membrane fraction but
      quinidine suppressed the uptake in mitochondrial and microsomal fractions whereas
      propranolol did not affect the uptake of 45Ca in these fractions. In addition,
      there was an increase in serum radioactivity noted with quinidine which was not
      observed with propranolol. Combined treatment resulted in restoration of normal
      values for blood and mitochondrial fractions and an increased uptake of 45Ca in
      the microsomal fraction.

PMID- 1208551
TI  - Serum renin and renin substrate levels in scleroderma.

PMID- 1208552
TI  - Lack of effect of portacaval shunt on ornithine decarboxylase activity in
      regenerating rat liver.
AB  - The influence of the end to side portacaval shunt on the level of activity of the
      enzyme ornithine decarboxylase following partial hepatectomy was investigated. A
      sharp rise in the enzyme level was found in both the shunted animals and in the
      normal controls. The chronology of the increase in enzymic activity was somewhat
      altered in the portacaval shunted animals, but both groups had similar peak
      values. The rate of cell division was also found to be unaffected. This report
      finds no evidence of support for the reported inhibition by the portacaval shunt
      of the increase in ornithine decarboxylase following partial hepatectomy.

PMID- 1208553
TI  - The toxicity of thioxanthene neuroleptics to isolated rat liver cells.
AB  - A series of thioxanthenes was tested for cytotoxicity to isolated rat
      hepatocytes, as measured by the loss of an intracellular enzyme (GOT) to the
      surrounding medium. The relative order of potency was found to be: SKF 10812
      greater than cis- = trans-chlorprothixene = N-756A greater than cis- = trans
      flupenthixol greater than xanthiol greater than methixene = cis- = trans
      clopenthixol = N-716 greater than N-710. The presence of an unsaturated exocyclic
      bond increased the apparent toxicity as did the presence of a substituent
      (trifluoromethyl, chlorine, bromine) at the two position of the tricyclic
      nucleus. The trifluoromethyl substituted thioxanthenes were three to four times
      more potent than their halogenated analogs, but there were no differences in
      potency among the halogenated (chlorine or bromine) thioxanthenes. Compounds
      which had a dimethylaminopropylidene side chain were five to six times stronger
      in causing enzyme leakage than were their analog which had a
      hydroxyethylpiperazinylpropylidene side chain. Although only the cis-isomers of
      each compound are highly active neuroleptics, both isomers were equipotent at
      causing the efflux of GOT from rat hepatocytes.

PMID- 1208554
TI  - Immune responses of inbred guinea pigs against random terpolymers containing L
      glutamic acid and L alanine.
AB  - The immune responses of the inbred guinea pig strains 2 and 13 have been
      determined against random terpolymers of L glutamic acid and L alanine and a
      third amino acid. Strain 2 guinea pigs responded against GAT10, GAT20(LLD),
      GAT10(NO2)15, GAT4, and GAL10. However, strain 13 guinea pigs responded only
      against GAT10. The explanation offered is that strain 2 guinea pigs, which have
      the Ir-GA gene, recognize the polymers via random GA determinants present in
      sufficient concentration in all of the above polymers. However, strain 13 guinea
      pigs recognize the GAT10 via the Ir-GT gene, and reduction in the concentration
      of tyrosyl residues below 10 mole % by various procedures alters the
      concentration of available random GT determinants necessary for interaction with
      the gene product of the Ir-GT gene.

PMID- 1208555
TI  - Inhibition of cyclocytidine-induced enlargement of parotid and heart by
      propranolol or sympathectomy.
AB  - Enlargement of salivary glands and heart of mouse as well as rat is caused by
      chronic administration of the antitumor agent cyclocytidine. In rat, the effects
      are maximal within 3 days, and are reversible, but with heart, not readily so.
      The organ enlargement, in both species, is the result of an action of the
      cyclocytidine involving beta adrenergic receptors since administration of
      propranolol 20 min prior to injection of cyclocytidine prevented the enlargement
      as well as the increases in nucleic acids associated with the enlargement. These
      beta adrenergic effects appear mediated through indirect actions of cyclocytidine
      that probably involve release of norepinephrine from postganglionic nerve fibers.
      This conclusion is based on the findings that parotid sympathectomized for 5 days
      does not exhibit the same secretory responses and glandular enlargement with
      cyclocytidine administration that are observed in the innervated mate. For
      example, amylase activity of the innervated gland was reduced from 525 mg/mg of
      gland (unstimulated parotid) to approximately 190 two hr after administration of
      500 mg/kg of cyclocytidine, whereas that of the sympathectomized gland was
      unchanged (510 mg/mg). In addition, cyclocytidine caused only a small increase in
      weight and nucleic acid content of the sympathectomized parotid, whereas the
      innervated mate exhibited the usual marked increases in all parameters (weight
      and RNA were twice as great as those of untreated rats). Guanethidine and
      bretylium were used in conjunction with cyclocytidine to provide additional
      evidence for the indirect beta adrenergic action of cyclocytidine on heart and
      parotid gland.

PMID- 1208556
TI  - Serum vitamin B12 content and UBBC in gravid and fetal rabbits.

PMID- 1208557
TI  - Actions of prostaglandins E1 and F2alpha on isolated intrapulmonary vascular
      smooth muscle.
AB  - The effects of PGE1 and PGF2alpha were studied on isolated strips of
      intrapulmonary arteries and veins from dog, sheep, swine and man. PGF2alpha
      contracted human arterial strips in a dose-dependent fashion, relaxed slightly
      sheep arteries and had no effect on dog arteries. Canine, sheep and human venous
      strips were contracted by PGF2alpha. PGE1 relaxed slightly both veins and
      arteries from dog and sheep. Human arteries usually contracted slightly and human
      veins usually relaxed slightly to PGE1. In a limited number of experiments, swine
      arteries and veins failed to respond to PGF2alpha or PGE1. All the vascular
      strips contracted well when exposed to NE. These results suggest that the
      responses of intrapulmonary vessels to PGF2alpha and PGE1 are species-dependent.
      PGF2alpha generally exhibits a contractile action, especially on veins. PGE1
      usually relaxes intrapulmonary vessels. With regard to vessels from man,
      PGF2alpha is a powerful stimulant while PGE1 produces only small, variable
      effects.

PMID- 1208558
TI  - Effect of treatment on longevity in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - Continuous control of the pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats at systolic
      levels of 90-100 mm Hg with antihypertensive agents significantly prolonged their
      life span. The mean survival time in control animals was 73 weeks as compared to
      96 weeks in treated SHR (P less than .0005) with 11% of the latter surviving to
      approximately 3 yr of age. Cardiovascular lesions were limited almost exclusively
      to the control rats. The general health, body weight and reproductive functions
      of the experimental animals remained normal throughout the drug treatment. These
      results indicate that by preventing the rise in blood pressure and consequent
      cardiovascular complications the life span of the SHR may be prolonged to that of
      the normal albino rat.

PMID- 1208559
TI  - Amino acids requirements for reproduction of arboviruses.

PMID- 1208560
TI  - Toxic effects of a new boron containing heterocycle: 4,4,8,8-tetraethyl-3,3a,4,8
      tetrahydro 3a,4a,4-diazabora-S-indacene.
AB  - LD50 values in mice for 4,4,8,8-tetraethyl-3,3a,4,8-tetrahydro-3a,4a,4-diazabora
      S-indacene (Myborin) were determined by the ip, po, and sc routes. The LD50 value
      for ip was 69.5 mg/kg found by the method of Litchfield and Wilcoxon, with upper
      and lower confidence limits of 77.8 and 62.1 mg/kg. Oral and sc LD50's were
      approximated after the method of Deichmann and LeBlanc and were found to be 180
      mg/kg (po) and 420 mg/kg (sc). Each of these values has a confidence range of +/-
      30%. Myborin induced convulsions, hyperreflexia, and death accompanied by tetany
      when given by either the ip or oral routes. Moreover, Myborin induced porphyria
      in animals surviving for 24 hr after these routes of administration and in
      virtually all animals dosed sc. Death by the sc route is probably a result of
      acute porphyria. Hepatomegaly and skin photosensitivity were demonstrated to be
      profound. Boron levels in the livers of mice were determined colorimetrically 24
      hr after ip injections of Myborin and in untreated control mice. The quantity of
      boron found in the experimental group was 15.46 mug/g wet liver as compared to
      8.11 mug/g wet liver for controls (P less than 0.01). The difference corresponds
      to 23% of the injected quantity of boron.

PMID- 1208561
TI  - Distribution and disappearance rate of submaxillary renin.
AB  - Highly purified submaxillary renin (SR) labeled with 125I was injected
      intravascularly into adult male mice following removal of submaxillary glands and
      kidneys, and the disappearance of this labeled SR from the circulating vascular
      volume was studied on the basis of a two compartment system. There was a fast and
      a slow component to the disappearance curves. Mean half-times of the fast and
      slow component were 12.4 +/- 0.4 min and 86 +/- 3 min in sialoadenectomized mice,
      while in mice whose submaxillary glands and kidneys were removed the half-times
      were 14.7 +/- 0.4 min and 108 +/- 7 min, respectively. The uptake of
      radioactivity by various organs of the mouse was also measured. Accumulation of
      radioactivity occurred in the kidneys and liver. Only trace amounts of
      radioactivity were found in the other organs. The findings suggest that the fast
      component of the disappearance curve was probably due to equilibration of the
      injected labeled SR in the circulation. However, the fast component may be
      related to some extent to the rapid uptake of labeled SR by the kidneys. The half
      time of the slow component may represent the true halflife of SR in mice, since a
      significant reciprocal relationship between the half-times of the slow component
      and metabolic rate constant k10 was observed both in sialoadenectomized mice and
      in nephrectomized-sialoadenectomized mice.

PMID- 1208562
TI  - Serum prolactin levels in fetal and neonatal hamsters and the relationship to
      maternal levels.
AB  - Immunoreactive prolactin was measured by RIA in 13.5-15.5 day gestation fetal and
      0.5-3.5 day neonatal hamster serum and found to significantly reflect rises and
      falls in maternal levels. On the average, fetal and neonatal levels were 37% of
      maternal prolactin serum levels. 125I-PRL injected into 13.5-15.5 day pregnant
      hamsters was demonstrated to cross the placenta and enter fetal circulation. Ten
      min after injection, fetal serum levels were calculated to be an average of 3.9%
      of the radioactivity recorded in maternal serum. There is a strong possibility
      that fetal prolactin serum levels may be, at least in part, attributed to a
      maternal source.

PMID- 1208563
TI  - Changes in blood hormone levels during the immune response.
AB  - Injection of three different antigens into rats or mice led in the course of
      several days to about a threefold increase in serum corticosterone levels and
      concommitantly to a decrease in thyroxine (rats). In view of the known immuno
      suppressive effect of the glucocorticoids the possibility is considered that the
      endocrine changes induced during the immune response could significantly modulate
      the subsequent character of the immune response, e.i. magnitude, duration and
      lymphoid cell proliferation, however, a more complete pattern of hormonal
      variations and their cause needs to be established. These findings while
      admittedly preliminary, suffice to provide an indication of a temporal pattern of
      hormonal change during the immune response which could be important in
      immunoregulation.

PMID- 1208564
TI  - Effects of moderate uremia on cardiac contractile responses.

PMID- 1208565
TI  - Ecteinascidia turbinata extracts inhibit DNA synthesis in lymphocytes after
      mitogenic stimulation by lectins.
AB  - Aqueous ethanol extract of a tunicate which was previously found to exert
      antitumor and immunosuppressive activities in vivo was tested for its effect on
      normal human lymphocytes in vitro. The extract suppressed the uptake of tritiated
      thymidine by lymphocytes stimulated with mitogen. This suppressive effect did not
      require continuous presence of the extract. Treatment of lymphocytes prior to
      mitogenic stimulation resulted in suppressive effect. The fact that suppression
      by the extract could also be achieved 24 hr after exposure to mitogen, an
      interval which was found to suffice for the attainment of maximal commitment for
      blastogenic transformation indicates that Ete can act at a stage subsequent to
      the binding of the lectin and elicitation of a mitogenic signal(s).

PMID- 1208566
TI  - Disposition of dapsone and monoacetyldapsone in rats.
AB  - Female Buffalo and Lewis rats receiving 1.0 mg DDS/kg ip exhibited higher plasma
      levels of DDS and its monoacetylated metabolite, MADDS, than did male rats of
      each strain receiving the same dose. The fraction of the total measured drug in
      plasma as MADDS at 8 hr in female rats of both strains ranged from 43 to 62%
      compared with a range of 28-31% in male rats. Plasma half times of disappearance
      (T1/2) of DDS ranged from 5.0 to 6.8 hr and were not different among sexes and
      strains. Deacetylation of MADDS to DDS occurred when equimolar doses of MADDS
      were administered. An approach to a steady state of acetylation-deacetylation was
      indicated by comparing the percentage MADDS of the total drug in plasma in the
      respective sexes and strains receiving both drugs. T1/2 values of MADDS were
      significantly lower than values for DDS in Lewis rats. They were not different in
      Buffalo rats. Protein binding studies in plasma from rats receiving 5.0 mg DDS or
      5.8 mg MADDS/kg showed 67-72% binding of DDS and 91% binding of MADDS. These in
      vivo observations were confirmed by in vitro binding studies. Comparison of these
      results with those of earlier studies in mice and man indicates that the rat is a
      better model of man than is the mouse for studies on the disposition of DDS.

PMID- 1208567
TI  - Virulence of Streptococcus mutans: biochemical and pathogenic characteristics of
      mutant isolates.
AB  - The in vitro dextran-sucrase activities and adherence to glass of S. mutans 6715
      and PS14 wild types and mutants were quantitated and compared with their in vivo
      cariogenicity in young, gnotobiotic rats. In general, S. mutans PS14 mutants B414
      and B421 and 6715 mutant C4 demonstrated less dextran-sucrase activity and
      adherence than parental strains and caused fewer carious lesions in gnotobiotic
      rats. Rats monoinfected with either PS14 mutants B414 or B421 had less plaque and
      viable S. mutans in plaque than rats infected with parental strain. Both S.
      mutans 6715 mutants C211 and C229, demonstrated greater enzyme activity and
      adherence than the parental strain and produced more carious lesions.

PMID- 1208568
TI  - Tissue isotope clearance. IV. Effects of castration and diethylstilbestrol on
      subcutaneous iodoantipyrine clearance of rats.

PMID- 1208569
TI  - An in vitro evaluation of possible cholinergic and adrenergic receptors affecting
      pancreatic amylase secretion.

PMID- 1208571
TI  - Brain cholesterol XVIII: EFFECt of methylphenidate (Ritalin) on [U-14C] glucose
      and [2-3H] acetate incorporation.
AB  - The effect of a single injection of methylphenidate (Ritalin, 4 mg/kg) on
      precursor ([2-3H]acetate and [U-14C]glucose) incorporation into brain cholesterol
      was studied. The drug caused a steady decrease in the concentration of brain
      cholesterol during the 24-hr period examined. Incorporation studies during this
      time with [U-14C]glucose indicated higher than normal incorporation for all time
      periods studied. The most significant incorporation increases took place 2 and 4
      hr after drug injection. Experiments using [2-3H]acetate as the sterol precursor
      gave incorporation values which tended (not significantly) to be lower than
      control values at 2 and 4 h. The values after 12 hr were less than normal, while
      the 24-hr group indicated an increase to or slightly higher than normal values.
      These data suggest that the pharmacological effect of methylphenidate may be due
      to lowering of brain cholesterol levels directly or on some more basic metabolic
      process leading to a decreased level of membrane sterols.

PMID- 1208570
TI  - Effect of propranolol on plasma renin activity, renal cortex renin, and adrenal
      and brain isorenins in rats.
AB  - Propranolol administration to rats was studied for its effects on plasma renin
      activity, renal renin content, and adrenal and brain isorenins. Propranolol was
      given intraperitoneally at 6 and 30 mg/kg/day for a 15-day period. Pulse rate was
      significantly decreased. There were no effects on the isorenin content of adrenal
      or brain tissue or on renal renin content. Rats responded in two completely
      different ways with respect to plasma renin activity. Two-fifths had a total
      suppression of plasma renin activity; the rest had concentrations similar to
      those in controls. These observations are consistent with those seen during
      chronic administration of propranolol to hypertensive patients and suggest that
      its antihypertensive effect may in some patients be through the suppression of
      renin release. Its mechanism of action in most patients remains at present
      unclear.

PMID- 1208572
TI  - Effects of high but nontoxic dietary zinc on zinc metabolism and adaptations in
      rats.
AB  - The effects of feeding a high but nontoxic zinc level to young rats for varied
      time periods on zinc metabolism and adaptations were investigated. Adding 600 ppm
      supplemental zinc to a "corn-soy" diet for periods from 7 to 42 days did not
      materially affect stable zinc level in any tissue studied. However, in every
      tissue, 65Zn retention from a single oral dose declined sharply with duration of
      added zinc feeding to 21 days, indicating a continuing adaptation in zinc
      metabolism for at least this period of time. Likewise, fecal 65Zn excretion
      increased with length of feeding time on high zinc, indicating a continuing
      reduction in net absorption for most of the 42-day period. When the data are
      compared with similar previous cattle studies, it is evident that there are major
      qualitative differences in zinc metabolism and homeostatic control between rats
      and cattle.

PMID- 1208573
TI  - Prolactin and growth hormone synthesis: effects of perphenazine, alpha
      methyltyrosine and estrogen in different thyroid states.
AB  - The effects of thyroid hormones on prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH)
      synthesis by the rat anterior pituitary gland were assessed in vitro. A marked
      reduction (84-87%) in the rate of H3-leucine incorporation into GH was evident 2
      4 weeks after thyroidectomy, while incorporation into PRL was 52-71% less than
      that measured in glands from intact rats. A single injection of T4 (200 mug/kg)
      administered to thyroidectomized (THX) rats 48 hr before sacrifice significantly
      increased incorporation into both pituitary hormones, although the stimulation of
      GH synthesis was much more dramatic. Perphenazine, alpha-methyltyrosine and
      estrogen enhanced the rate of PRL synthesis in intact rats. Thyroid ablation did
      not affect the response to perphenazine, but significantly increased the response
      to alpha-methyltyrosine and estrogen. On the other hand, administration of T4 to
      THX rats receiving perphenazine, alpha-methyltyrosine or estrogen diminished the
      stimulatory influence of these treatments on PRL synthesis. Perphenazine, alpha
      methyltyrosine and estrogen had no effect on the rate of GH synthesis in THX
      rats, nor did they alter the ability of T4 to restore GH synthesis in these
      animals. These results indicate that GH synthesis in the rat is dependent upon
      thyroid hormones and support the concept that these hormones exert their
      stimulatory effect directly on pituitary somatotrophs. Pituitary lactotrophs,
      however, appear to retain much of their capacity to synthesize PRL under
      conditions of thyroid deficiency. The changes in pituitary PRL levels and
      synthesis rate induced by thyroid ablation might reflect differences in the
      number rather than the activity of these cells.

PMID- 1208574
TI  - Glucose tolerance, plasma and pancreatic insulin levels in zinc deficient rats.
AB  - Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of zinc deficiency on
      glucose tolerance, and on blood and pancreatic insulin concentrations. In the
      first study, no significant differences in blood glucose or plasma insulin levels
      were noted between pair-weighted zinc deficient and zinc sufficient rats after an
      oral glucose load. In the second experiment, the concentration of pancreatic
      insulin in pair-fed zinc sufficient rats did not differ significantly from that
      of zinc deficient rats. However, a zinc deficient group fed ad libitum had
      significantly lower pancreatic insulin levels, suggesting that food restriction
      may cause increased pancreatic insulin. Thus, zinc deficiency per se had no
      apparent effect on oral glucose tolerance or pancreatic insulin concentrations.

PMID- 1208575
TI  - Glucagon stimulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis in neonatal pigs.
AB  - The effect of an infusion of glucagon on gluconeogenesis was studied in 5-day-old
      piglets. Glucagon stimulated hepatic new glucose formation from lactate, but did
      not significantly change blood glucose or plasma free fatty acid levels. The data
      suggest that glucagon enhances substrate flow in the gluconeogenic pathway in
      neonatal animals.

PMID- 1208576
TI  - Influence of altitude and age on pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle.
AB  - Pulmonary arterial pressures in native cattle ranging in age from 3 months to 10
      yr were found to be increased with increasing altitudes of residence from sea
      level to 3048 m. At altitudes of 2590 and 3048 m, but not at sea level or 1524 m,
      the pressures were higher in older than in younger cattle. The magnitude of the
      pulmonary arterial pressure, and probably the rate of progression of pulmonary
      hypertension at high altitude, were much less in native cattle than in cattle
      that were newcomers from low altitude. Natural and artificial selection are
      believed to have minimized the level of pulmonary hypertension in native high
      altitude cattle, thus protecting them from high mountain or brisket disease.

PMID- 1208577
TI  - Congenital abnormality of pituitary-thyroid axis in spontaneously hypertensive
      rats (SHR) and stroke-prone rats (SPR).
AB  - In an attempt to study whether TSH abnormality was genetically determined in SHR
      and SPR, plasma T4, T3, TSH and prolactin concentrations were measured in the
      animals with intervals of 1 to 3 months. Hypertension was found in 6-month-old
      SHR and SPR, but it was not found in younger animals. In contrast, a decrease of
      plasma T3 and an increase of plasma TSH were found in 15-day-old SHR. Also, an
      increase of TSH was found in 1-month-old SPR in spite of normal plasma T3
      concentration. These abnormalities in SHR and SPR increased progressively with
      age. It is suggested that thyroid-pituitary abnormality was genetically
      determined in SHR and SPR.

PMID- 1208578
TI  - Viscosity and gelation studies in deer hunting hemoglobins.
AB  - Sickling, viscosity and gelling properties of the red cells and the hemoglobins
      of three Virginia white-tailed deer homozygous for types II and III (the sickling
      types) and V (the nonsickling type), respectively, have been analyzed. The
      sickling of erythrocytes of deer with type II or III is inhibited by urea and
      cyanate at concentrations which are comparable to those used in in vitro studies
      of red cells from patients with sickle cell anemia. No differences were observed
      between the viscosities of the three deer hemoglobin types at temperatures of 12
      degrees C or above. High concentrations of deer hemoglobin types II and III
      gelled at 1 degree C and at pH values of 7.4-7.7; the minimum gelling
      concentration of type II was 33.5 g% and of type III was 38 g%. Gel formation was
      not observed at pH values between 6.7-7.1. Hemoglobin type V did not gel and
      prevented the formation of gels of type II and III in mixtures at pH 7.6-7.7.

PMID- 1208579
TI  - A rapid method for establishing short-term primary cultures of human tumor cells
      from fresh tumor biopsies.
AB  - A rapid method for the establishment of short-term primary cultures of human
      tumor cells obtained from fresh surgical biopsies is described. The method
      consists of the separation of the viable fraction of tumor cells by differential
      flotation on ficoll-hypaque density solution and its subsequent seeding into
      culture flasks. Tumor cell growth is established within 2-3 days. The incidence
      of overgrowth with fibroblasts is apparently reduced and usually delayed for 4-5
      weeks, but cannot be prevented by this method.

PMID- 1208580
TI  - Differences between the plasma indocyanine green disappearance rates of normal
      men and women.

PMID- 1208581
TI  - Antigenic properties of subcellular fractions from canine pancreas: development
      of a zymogen membrane specific antibody.
AB  - Immunization of rabbits with a membrane preparation from dog pancreas produced
      precipitating antibody against an antigen present in the pancreas of several
      mammals. This antigen appears to be organ-specific but not species-specific and
      is localized in the pancreatic zymogen granule membrane fraction. It is thought
      to represent glycoproteins of mol wt 70,000-90,000 as well as a smaller species
      of mol wt less than 10,000.

PMID- 1208582
TI  - Lipid composition in postnatal methylazoxymethanol-treated swiss albino mouse
      cerebellum.
AB  - Postnatal Swiss albino mice were treated with with methylazoxymethanol acetate
      (MAM) or saline and sacrificed at 25 days of age. Granule cell depletion
      resulted. Significant reduction in the cerebellar weight, protein, ganglioside
      sialic acid , cerebrosides, sulfatides, and phospholipids were documented. There
      was not, however, selective reduction of any component known to be associated
      with the synaptic structures. Specific association of cerebellar ganglioside with
      its granule cell population was not substantiated. Cerebroside/sulfatide ratios
      were not different in the two groups, indicating that significant alterations
      previously observed in spinal cord were not present in the cerebellum. It was
      concluded that the bulk of cerebellar granule cells and their synaptic
      connections could be deleted without affecting total ganglioside and phospholipid
      concentrations.

PMID- 1208583
TI  - The use of radioactive microspheres to quantitate hyperemia in dermal
      inflammatory sites.
AB  - A variety of dermal lesions produced by PGE1, tuberculin, and allogeneic
      lymphocytes were induced in rabbits, guinea pigs, and sheep, respectively.
      Microspheres labeled with 85Sr were injected into the ascending aorta, and the
      distribution of radioactivity in the lesions, saline control sites, and various
      major organs was assessed. It was concluded that the trapping of the microspheres
      was related to the degree of hyperemia induced, and that this technique enabled a
      quantitative measure of the blood flow. PGE1 was found to be a potent mediator of
      hyperemia and to have a significant effect on the blood flow at a dose of 1 ng.
      The blood flow to cellular hypersensitivity reactions was measured and the
      capacity of the skin to accomodate a large increase in flow during the
      inflammatory response was established.

PMID- 1208584
TI  - Renin substrate in plasma of various mammalian species: electrophoresis on
      polyacrylamide gel.
AB  - The plasma of eight different species was subjected to electrophoresis on
      polyacrylamide gel, and the position of renin substrate was determined. There are
      considerable differences in the electrophoretic mobility of the renin substrates
      tested. Sheep substrate shows the slowest migration and mouse substrate the most
      rapid. The species tested appear to fall into two groups: slow-moving substrates
      occuring in the plasmas of sheep, cow, pig, and rabbit and fast moving substrates
      in man, dog, rat, and mouse. In most species only a single peak of renin
      substrate appeared, but in man and dog a minor peak was often observed in
      addition to the prominent major one. The classification of human renin substrate
      as an alpha-2-globulin is questioned.

PMID- 1208585
TI  - Arterial-venous magnesium gradients in hypovolemic shock: an indication of the
      irreversible state.
AB  - Arterial-venous magnesium differences were examined in mongrel dogs stressed with
      reversible and lethal hypovolemia. Increases in serum Mg with hemorrhage have
      long been known to occur in both humans and animals, yet, increased blood Mg
      levels have not been viewed as an indicator of the irreversible shock state. The
      magnesium gradient was shown to be a good indicator of cell destruction which is
      consistent with lethal shock.

PMID- 1208586
TI  - Hematologic changes in chronic arthritis of mice induced by Mycoplasma
      arthritidis.
AB  - The arthritis caused by iv injection of M. arthritidis in mice was found to be
      associated with neutrophilia and lymphopenia without a change in the total WBC
      concentration. A mild anemia developed which was characterized by hypoferremia
      and plentiful RE iron but with an increased plasma total iron-binding capacity.
      This anemia therefore differs from the anemia of chronic disorders and indeed
      from any anemia which occurs in man.

PMID- 1208587
TI  - Extension of PR interval in isolated rat heart by cadmium.

PMID- 1208588
TI  - Renal function in the choline deficient rat.
AB  - Abnormalties in renal concentrating ability and free water reabsorption, and a
      diminished sodium excretion, glomerular filtration rate, and effective renal
      plasma flow were observed in adolescent rats which ingested a lipotrope deficient
      diet for 10 months.

PMID- 1208589
TI  - The role of potassium ion in muscle glycogenolysis and glycolysis.
AB  - We have presented evidence that in an in vitro system, glycogenolysis and
      glycolysis function normally at potassium levels far below those observed in
      muscle cell water of severely deficient dogs. We suggest that a functional
      impairment of glycogenolysis or glycolysis is unlikely to be a mechanism by which
      potassium deficiency leads to rhabdomyolysis.

PMID- 1208590
TI  - Influence of dietary carbohydrate on copper, iron, and zinc status of the rat.
AB  - Rats were fed diets containing starch, sucrose, glucose, or fructose as the
      carbohydrate source, and the influence of these carbohydrates on copper, iron,
      and zinc status was determined. It was found that copper absorption was reduced
      in animals receiving glucose. This reduction was exaggerated when a high level of
      iron was present in the diet, indicating a possible antagonism between iron and
      copper at the site of absorption. Iron and zinc status of the animals also
      appeared to be influenced to some extent by dietary carbohydrate.

PMID- 1208591
TI  - Local regulation of the uterine blood flow by the umbilical circulation.
AB  - Observations were made of the responses of the uterine blood flow in the near
      term pregnancy to occlusion of the umbilical circulation to a few cotyledons of
      the near-term sheep placenta and in one placenta of the multiparous rabbit
      pregnancy. It was found that the uterine blood flow declined to 67% of its
      predicted value 1 day after umbilical ligation in the sheep placenta and to 61%
      of its predicted value 1 day after the death of one of the fetuses of the rabbit
      pregnancy. The change in the uterine blood flow in response to the occlusion of
      the umbilical blood supply to the adjacent area is a local response and is
      similar in its time course and magnitude to the response of the whole placenta
      which has been previously observed by Raye et al. (9). This local response of the
      uterine blood flow is considered to be evidence that the uterine blood flow is in
      part determined and controlled by the structural or chemical nature of the
      adjacent fetal compartment.

PMID- 1208592
TI  - Adenylate cyclase stimulation by trypsin.
AB  - Adenylate cyclase activity of a rat embryo fibroblast cell line (F111) is
      markedly increased by brief treatment with 1:300 trypsin. The degree of
      stimulation depends upon the length of time the cells are treated and the
      concentration of trypsin. Crystalline trypsin produced a stimulation similar to
      that obtained with 1:300 trypsin. Further, the addition of soybean trypsin
      inhibitor blocked the stimulation of adenylate cyclase by 1:300 trypsin. Trypsin
      treated adenylate cyclase responds to PGE1, but there is no increase over that of
      untreated enzyme. This result and the increase in fluoride-stimulated levels of
      activity suggest that the trypsin is acting upon the catalytic unit of the
      enzyme.

PMID- 1208593
TI  - Effect of calcitonin on DNA synthesis in experimental wounds.
AB  - 3H-thymidine incorporation and intracellular distribution in epidermal cells and
      fibroblasts of scar tissue from wounded rabbits were studied following synthetic
      salmon calcitonin administration. Both scintillation counting and electron
      microscopic autoradiography revealed a marked increase in 3H-thymidine
      incorporation within nuclear dense chromatin of epidermal and fibroblasts cells,
      mainly in 2-day wounded rabbits and at 2.5 hr. Then, 3H-thymidine uptake
      decreased moderately. These findings demonstrate an important role of calcitonin
      on DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1208594
TI  - Simian hemorrhagic fever virus: a new togavirus.
AB  - Using the prototype strain of SHF virus, we have confirmed the nature of the
      genome (RNA), the presence of an envelope (derived from an internal membrane),
      the virion size (45-50 nm), and probable cubic symmetry. We have also described
      four viral structural proteins and determined the phospholipid content of the
      virions. The known properties of SHF virus suggest that it should be classified
      in the Togavirus family, and possibly in the Flavivirus group.

PMID- 1208595
TI  - Serum prolactin levels in rats following isoproterenol-induced myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Circulating prolactin levels were monitored in nonarteriosclerotic,
      arteriosclerotic, and hormonally sterilized male and female Sprague-Dawley rats
      during the acute necrosis and repair phases of myocardial infarction induced by
      isoproterenol. Male rats are particularly prone to succumb to acute myocardial
      ischemia but reduction of androgen levels by neonatal sterilization improved
      survival considerably. Circulating prolactin levels are greatly increased,
      particularly in females, during acute myocardial ischemia. Since androgens
      suppress the hypothalamic center for prolactin release, prolactin levels were
      delayed and transitory in males. It is suggested that the superior survival of
      female rats may be related to their greater production of prolactin during acute
      stages of myocardial ischemia, which would dampen the tachycardia-inducing
      effects of the potent beta-adrenergic stimulating agent, isoproterenol.

PMID- 1208596
TI  - The relationship between sodium excretion and renin secretion by the perfused
      kidney.
AB  - The effect of altered tubular sodium reabsorption on renin secretion (RSR) was
      examined under conditions in which other factors influencing renin release could
      be controlled or excluded. To do this, isolated canine kidneys were perfused at
      constant pressure with blood circulating from donor animals. Volume expansion or
      hemorrhage of the donor dogs produced large changes in the animal's blood
      pressure, renal function, sodium excretion (UNaV), and RSR, but were without
      effect on renal hemodynamics, UNaV, or RSR in the perfused kidney. Hemodilution
      without volume expansion, resulted in hypotension, decreased UNaV and increased
      RSR in the donor dogs, and increased UNaV and suppressed RSR in the perfused
      kidney. These effects of hemodilution in the perfused kidney were partially
      reversed when plasma protein concentration was restored to control levels with
      hyperoncotic albumin, and, overall, there was a significant inverse relationship
      between electrolyte excretion and RSR. These results provide new evidence for the
      hypothesis that the rate at which sodium is delivered to the macula densa is an
      important determinant of the rate of renin secretion.

PMID- 1208597
TI  - Prevention of hypertension in the SH rat: effects of differential central
      catecholamine depletion.
AB  - Six-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was administered intraventricularly to 6-week-old
      male spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats of the Okomoto strain and to
      normotensive rats of the Kyoto-Wistar strain. In addition, bilateral lateral
      tegmental lesions were placed in 35-40-day-old SH rats to interrupt ascending
      noradrenergic pathways. SH rats treated with 6-OHDA did not develop hypertension
      and had lower heart rates than control rats. Blood pressure and heart rate of
      Kyoto-Wistar animals were unaffected by the drug treatment. 6-OHDA produced
      widespread depletion of norepinephrine throughout the CNS of both SH and Kyoto
      Wistar rats. Bilateral lateral tegmental lesions interrupted the dorsal
      noradrenergic bundle and depleted forebrain norepinephrine. These lesions did not
      prevent the development of hypertension and led to an increased heart rate. It is
      concluded that 6-OHDA does not produce its effect through a nonspecific lowering
      of blood pressure, but rather, that it interferes with the expression of the
      hypertensive syndrome. The lack of effect seen following depletion of forebrain
      norepinephrine as the result of interruption of the dorsal noradrenergic bundle
      indicates that the fibers destroyed by this lesion are not essential for the
      development of genetically determined hypertension.

PMID- 1208598
TI  - Effects of cholestyramine on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced enteric carcinoma in
      germfree rats.
AB  - Oral administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced intestinal neoplasms
      in germfree rats. A supplement of 2% cholestyramine resin in the diet increased
      the frequency of DMH-induced intestinal tumors and accelerated malignant
      transformation. Bile acids in the cecal content were determined with and without
      cholestyramine in order to obtain a correlation between the bile acid metabolism
      and the enteric carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1208599
TI  - Studies on gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in isolated hepatocytes from alloxan
      diabetic rats.
AB  - Gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis were studied in isolated hepatocytes obtained
      from normal and alloxan diabetic rats. Insulin treatment maintained near-normal
      blood glucose levels and caused an increase in glycogen deposition. The third day
      after insulin withdrawal the rats displayed a diabetic syndrome marked by
      progressive hyperglycemia and glycogen depletion. Net glucose production in liver
      cells isolated from alloxan diabetic rats progressively increased with time up to
      72 hr after the last in vivo insulin injection. Maximal glucose production was
      observed at 72 hr with 10 mM alanine, lactate, pyruvate, or fructose. Glucose
      production decreased at 96 hr. The same pattern was observed with the
      incorporation of labeled bicarbonate into glucose. Ketogenesis in liver cells and
      hepatic lipid content also peaked at 72 hr.

PMID- 1208600
TI  - The urea requirement and urease production of some human species of T
      mycoplasmas.
AB  - Seven species of human T-mycoplasmas that grow in Fraction A and 20 mug urea/ml
      died when the urea was omitted. Two species would not grow in Fraction A broth
      containing 10 mug/urea/ml. The other five strains grew in broth containing 10 mug
      urea/ml and were adapted by serial passage in broth containing decreasing
      concentrations of urea to grow in broth containing 2.5 mug/ml urea, but not in
      broth containing 1.25 mug/ml. Therefore the minimal urea requirement is not the
      same for the growth of all strains of T-mycoplasmas. In exponential phase broth
      cultures, urease was detected only intracellularly, none being found in the
      medium.

PMID- 1208601
TI  - Effects of pretreatment with anti-inflammatory drugs on ozone-induced lung damage
      in rats.
AB  - The effects of pretreatment with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), hydrocortisone,
      indomethacin, and heparin administered ip against the pulmonary edema produced by
      O3-exposure (4 ppm for 4 hr) were studied in rats. These anti-inflammatory drugs
      were found to alter the injurious effect of O3 on lung differently. First,
      aspirin at the high dose (125 mg/kg) accentuated O3-induced lung injury, and had
      no effect at the low dose (10 mg/kg); second, hydrocortisone (50 mg/kg) failed to
      have any effect; third, indomethacin at a high dose (20 mg/kg) offered a
      significant degree of protection, but had no effect at the low dose (2.5 mg/kg);
      and fourth, heparin (1000 units/kg) also offered a significant degree of
      protection against the lung damage normally induced by O3-exposure. Several
      mechanisms for the favorable and unfavorable interactions of anti-inflammatory
      drugs with O3-exposure are discussed.

PMID- 1208602
TI  - [The influence of gamma rays on diphenhydramine hydrochloride].

PMID- 1208603
TI  - [Investigations of molecule modification of iso-pelleterin and sedridin].

PMID- 1208605
TI  - [On miswak, a drug used for tooth cleaning in Arab folk medicine].

PMID- 1208604
TI  - [Antraquinoline and anthroquinoline glycoside. 21. The structure of
      glucofrangulins and frangulaemodin glucoside B].

PMID- 1208606
TI  - [Thermomicroscopic identification of disease toxins].

PMID- 1208607
TI  - [Aetheroleum lavandulae and Aetheroleum lavanulae hybridae in Ph. Jug. III].

PMID- 1208608
TI  - [Analysis of rapeseed oil].

PMID- 1208609
TI  - [Thermofractography of characteristic patterns of flavonoids].

PMID- 1208610
TI  - [Detection and isolation of the iridoid glucoside of Galeopsis tetrahit L.
      (Labiatae) as well as elucidation of the structure of gluroside].

PMID- 1208611
TI  - [Determination of the structure of unstable compounds in equilibrium. Examples
      drawn from the chemistry of sugars].

PMID- 1208612
TI  - [When do drug combinations show the danger of side effects].

PMID- 1208613
TI  - [The medical management of enuresis in children].

PMID- 1208614
TI  - [Migraine].

PMID- 1208615
TI  - Scopolamine induced changes in activity and reactions to novelty.
AB  - The behavior of hooded rats was observed in an exploration box comprising novel
      and familiar halves following IP injections of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 or 1.00 mg/kg
      scopolamine or isotonic saline. Drug administration occurred after, rather than
      before, exposure to one of the alternative halves. All doses decreased reactions
      to the previously inaccessible novel half but decreases were greater for the 2
      lowest doses. Rearing behavior was also suppressed by each dose whereas the
      number of apparatus cells entered (locomotion) was decreased by low doses but
      increased by high. The 3 behavioral measures showed declines in frequency during
      the course of each experimental session. However, low doses of the drug enhanced
      and high doses retarded these declines for rearing and cells entered. The study
      illustrated the difficulty in explaining data by unitary processes (such as
      attenuated habituation) when several behavioral indices and drug doses are
      employed within a single investigation.

PMID- 1208616
TI  - Protection by nicotine from behavioral disruption caused by reticular formation
      stimulation in the rat.
AB  - Male Sprague-Dawley rats prepared with chronic electrodes in the mesencephalic
      reticular formation were trained to perform on a visual attention task. Short
      trains of electric current delivered to the reticular formation effectively
      blocked performance in a reversible and reproducible fashion. Subcutaneous
      administration of 100 mug/kg nicotine (as the base) served to attenuate the
      behavioral disruption caused by reticular stimulation. The suggestion that it is
      a nicotine-induced limbic system activation which antagonizes the behavioral
      disruption caused by electrically-induced reticular over-activation, is
      discussed.

PMID- 1208617
TI  - Effects of haloperidol, methyltyrosine and morphine on recovery from lesions of
      lateral hypothalamus.
AB  - In rats loss of body weight and lethality were measured after bilateral
      electrolytic lesions of the lateral hypothalamus. The rats with incomplete
      lesions initially lost body weight but recovered spontaneously. Treatment with
      haloperidourgery facilitated the recovery in those rats. The rats with more
      complete lesions lost body weight which resulted in eventual death. Treatment
      with haloperidol (4 mg/kg/day) or morphine (60 mg/kg/day) given daily for six
      days before surgery promoted recovery and reduced the incidence of death. The
      drugs used in this study inhibit activity of brain dopamine receptors to result
      in the supersensitivity and/or promotion of regenerative processes. These effects
      are considered to be related to the facilitation of recovery from nerve injury.

PMID- 1208618
TI  - Gamma-butyrolactone sleep: A 24-hour rhythm paralleling normal sleep in the rat
      and CNS amine changes.
AB  - The duration of sleep induced by a fixed dose of gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) (350
      mg/kg, IP) FOllows the normal circadian sleep pattern of rats. GBL sleep duration
      is maximal at 1800 hr and minimal at 0600 hr. CNS amine changes are not
      extensive, but when normal sleep is anticipated, GBL treatment increases dopamine
      and serotonin levels and decreases norepinephrine levels.

PMID- 1208620
TI  - Changes in developing behavior following prenatal administration of imipramine.
AB  - Female rats were given oral doses of Imipramine (5mg/kg) from 14-21 days prior to
      mating to conception or Day 19 or gestation and the physical maturation and
      behavioral development of their offspring was compared with that of controls.
      There were significant differences between the weights of the Imipramine and
      control animals at 21 days and the appearance of some reflexes was delayed.
      Behavior in an open field was observed when the rats were 9, 13, 17 and 21 days
      of age and it was found that exploratory responses were less frequent in the drug
      exposed offspring. In contrast there were no obvious physical anomalies and the
      adult behavior of the Imipramine animals on a spontaneous alternation task and a
      swimming maze did not differ from that of controls.

PMID- 1208619
TI  - Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol produced discrimination in pigeons.
AB  - In an operant situation pigeons learned to peck one response key 90 min after an
      injection of 0.25mg/kg delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) and another key
      when trained nondrugged. When tested with doses of delta9-THC lwer than the
      training dose the birds disciminated 0.20 mg/kg of the drug from the nondrugged
      state but not 0.15 mg/kg or lower doses. The animals were able to discriminate
      the drug state from the nondrugged 180 min but not 360 min after the injection At
      a shorter interval (45 min) both drug and nondrug responding appeared. Cannabinol
      and cannabidiol (4.0 - 8.0 mg/kg) did not elicit any drug responses, nor did
      pentobarbital, ditran or amphetamine. Tests with LSD resulted in both drug and
      nondrug responding. When administering noncannabinoid drugs in combination with
      delta9-THC 0.15 mg/kg the birds responded at the key associated with the drug
      state, suggesting interactional effects.

PMID- 1208621
TI  - Differential effects of scopolamine and D-amphetamine on avoidance: Strain
      interactions.
AB  - In a discriminated Y-maze avoidance task it was observed that mice of the A/J
      strain were superior to mice of the DBA/2J strain, which in turn made more
      avoidance responses than C57BL/6J mice. Moreover, the A strain was also observed
      to acquire a discrimination problem more readily than either of the other
      strains. Administration of scopolamine enhanced active avoidance performance in
      A, but not DBA/2 or C57BL/6 mice. D-Amphetamine improved performance in both A
      and DBA/2 mice but had negligible effects on the performance of the C57BL/6
      strain. Neither drug affected discrimination performance irrespective of strain.
      In an inhibitory avoidance task the C57BL/6 strain was found to perform more
      poorly than the A strain which was inferior to DBA/2 mice. Scopolamine disrupted
      performance in all three strains, while d-amphetamine was found to disrupt the
      performance of the A and DBA/2 strains only. The results were interpreted in
      terms of the role of associative and nonassociative effects of shock in
      modulating avoidance behavior.

PMID- 1208622
TI  - Effects of d-amphetamine and scopolamine on activity before and after shock in
      three mouse strains.
AB  - In three experiments the following results were obtained: (a) Activity was
      greater both prior to and following exposure to shock among C57BL/6J mice than in
      DBA/2J mice, which in turn was greater than that of A/J mice. (b) Scopolamine
      hydrobromide increased general activity in DBA/2 and A mice, but had either no
      effect or decreased activity in the C57BL/6 strain. Following exposure to shock,
      however, the disinhibitory effects of scopolamine were apparent in all three
      strains. (c) d-amphetamine increased activity in all three strains. Moreover,
      following the single shock d-amphetamine had excitatory effects among both A and
      DBA/2 mice such that activity exceeded the level observed with d-amphetamine
      alone. Following several shock presentations a small but significant excitation
      was observed in C57BL/6 mice as well. Data were interpreted in terms of
      disinhibitory and excitatory effects of scopolamine and d-amphetamine,
      respectively, as well as possible interactions between the catecholaminergic and
      cholinergic systems. In addition, implications for sources of strain differences
      in avoidance behavior are discussed.

PMID- 1208623
TI  - Effects of manipulating cholinergic tone upon the activity-stress ulcer.
AB  - Eighty rats were housed in standard activity wheel cages and fed for only 1 hr
      per day. The animals were divided into 10-animal drug groups that received either
      0.25, 050, 1.0 mg/kg of scopolamine methylbromide, or 0.06, 0.125, 0.250 mg/kg of
      carbachol, 3 times a day. Two separate 10-animal saline control groups accompaned
      each drug series. All animals died within 6 days and most demonstrated
      significant gastric lesions in the glandular fundus of the stomach. All dosages
      of scopolamine methylbromide significantly reduced the number and severity of
      gastric lesions and in some cases abolished all signs of stomach pathology. None
      of the dosages of carbachol significantly affected either the number of degree of
      gastric ulceration noted in the body of the stomach. These results were
      interpreted to suggest that the secretion of gastric acid may be an important
      contributing factor in the formation of gastric ulcers in animals subjected to
      the activity-stress procedure.

PMID- 1208624
TI  - Profile of drug effects on temporally spaced responding in rats.
AB  - A differential reinforcement of low rate schedule was used with rats to test 15
      psychotropic drugs. The computer analysis was based on interresponse time (IRT).
      Mean IRT, IRT standard deviation, median IRT, IRT midrange, modal IRT, frequency
      of modal IRT, and an efficiency index, in addition to numbers of responses and
      reinforcements and the IRT histogram were obtained for each rat in each drug
      test. An increase in number of responses and a peak shift to shorter IRTs in the
      histograms were observed with amphetamine, methamphetamine, priradrol and
      nicotine, as reported by many other investigators. Decrease in IRT midrange and
      less change in number of responses were observed with diazepam and
      chlordiazepoxide. Long pauses were found with LSD-25, 2,5-dimethoxy-4
      methylamphetamine (DOM) and mescaline. In a factor analysis, the following main
      factors were obtained. High values in factor loading a1 were observed with
      chlorpromazine, chlordiazepoxide, pentobarbital, imipramine, nialamide, LSD-25,
      DOM and mescaline. With these drugs, mean IRT and IRT standard deviation were
      also high. Values for a2, were high with amphetamine, methamphetamine, pipradrol
      and nicotine. High a3 values were observed in some rats with chlorpromazine,
      diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, pentobarbital, pipradrol and caffeine. The changes in
      a3 values were correlated with changes in the IRT midrange. These results may be
      valuable in classifying new compounds in drug screening programs as being of the
      amphetamine type, nicotine type, diazepam type of LSD-25 type.

PMID- 1208625
TI  - Marihuana-like activity of new synthetic tetrahydrocannabinols.
AB  - 11-Methy-delta8-, 9-nor-delta8, and 9-nor-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC),
      newly synthesized cannabinoids which are not 11-hydroxyated in vivo, were tested
      for cannabinoid activity. Delta8-, delta9-THC and each synthetic analog produced
      static ataxia in unanesthetized dogs, hypotension and bradycardia in anesthetized
      dogs, and decreased spontaneous activity in mice. All synthetic analogs tested
      produced a greater degree of tolerance to the behavioral effect in dogs than did
      delta8-THC. 11-Methyl-delta8-THC was more effective than delta8-THC in decreasing
      spontaneous activity in mice, but was less active in producing the behavioral and
      cardiovascular effects in dogs. 9-nor-delta9-THC was less active than delta9-TCH,
      but 9-nor-delta8-THC was as active as delta8-THC in all observations. These
      results suggest that the 11-hydroxy metabolites of delta8- and delta 9-THC are
      not solely responsible for the biological activity of tetrahydrocannabinol.

PMID- 1208627
TI  - Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on temporal recovery (pre-pulse
      inhibition) of the acoustic startle response in the rat.
AB  - In a series of 6 experiments 40 mug/kg d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
      augmented acoustic startle amplitude in rats when long intertone intervals (4, 8,
      16, or 32 sec) were used but not when short interstimulus intervals were used
      (0.02, 0.1, 0.5, 1, or 2 sec). In contrast, 8 mg/kg d-amphetamine augmented
      startle when either long or short interstimulus intervals were used. The results
      suggest that LSD augments startle by accelerating the decay of pre-pulse
      inhibition (temporal recovery process) which may be one mechanism by which LSD
      can alter sensory processing.

PMID- 1208626
TI  - Norepinephrine uptake by hypothalamic tissue from the rat related to feeding.
AB  - Norepinephrine (NE) uptake by rat hypothalamus in vitro was studied in relation
      to food intake. Significant daily variations in NE uptake were observed in caudal
      hypothalamus from freely feeding rats. A maximal elevation occurred at the
      beginning of the night when food intake is also increasing to a maximum. NE
      uptake by caudal hypothalamus from relatively hungry rats previously adjusted to
      restricted feeding during the daytime was enhanced in afternoon and evening when
      compared with uptake by tissue from ad lib feeding animals. Determination of NE
      uptake by caudal hypothalamus from freely feeding individual rats and
      registration of individual meals taken by these rats revealed a relation between
      hypothalamic neuronal activity and the feeding pattern of the rat. A positive
      correlation was observed between NE uptake in vitro and feeding rate during a 2-
      to 4-hr interval. It also appeared that NE uptake by caudal hypothalamus is
      dependent on the time elapsed after the last meal. The data were evaluated in
      view of physiological studies concerning the onset of feeding and the hypothesis
      of hypothalamic adrenergic control of food intake.

PMID- 1208628
TI  - Effects of norepinephrine applied to the lateral hypothalamus on schedule induced
      polydipsia.
AB  - Intrahypothalamic injections of 3 doses of norepinephrine were administered to
      rats under conditions of 80 percent body weight reduction (prepolydipsia), 80
      percent body weight reduction (schedule induced polydipsia), and normal body
      weight (postpolydipsia). The only significant reduction in water intake occurred
      with the highest dose of norepinephrine, under the prepolydipsic condition. The
      fact that norepinephrine failed to block schedule induced polydipsia indicates
      that this behavior is regulated by a different biochemical system than that of
      deprivation induced drinking.

PMID- 1208629
TI  - 6-Hydroxydopamine and avoidance: Possible role of response suppression.
AB  - The intraventricular administration of 6-HD to rats pretreated with pargyline
      resulted in severe, long-lasting decreases in avoidance responding with little or
      no effect on escape responding. Despite the fact that the rats failed to avoid,
      they appeared to be able to discriminate the CS, as was evident from freezing
      behavior and other symptoms of an apparent fear reaction during the CS. The
      increase in freezing, a response that was incompatible with avoidance was seen
      during the first few test sessions after 6-HD treatment and seemed to be largely
      responsible for a gradual decline in avoidance responding during this same
      period. The role of CA depletion in the animal's response to aversive stimuli
      thus appears to be a significant aspect of the avoidance decrement that follows 6
      HD administration.

PMID- 1208630
TI  - Differential effects of intraventricular administration of 6-hydroxydopamine on
      behavior of rats in approach and avoidance procedures: Reversal of avoidance
      decrements by diazepam.
AB  - The administration of 6-hydroxdopamine (6-HD) and pargyline to rats produced
      similar selective decreases in responding during the conditioned stimulus (CS) on
      a discriminated avoidance test where the unconditioned stimulus (US) was shock
      and on an analogous conditioned approach test where the US was water. Approach
      behavior during the CS generally recovered, however, while avoidance decrements
      in the same rats remained for the duration of testing. This suggested that 6-HD
      induced avoidance decrement was a result of two independent but interacting
      processes: (1) a decrease in conditioned behavior as reflected by the similar
      decrease in responding on both tests; and (2) a hyper-reaction to aversive
      stimuli that resulted in a tendency to selectively suppress avoidance behavior
      after the animal received shock. In support of this hypothesis, it was found that
      6-HD-induced avoidance decrements could be reversed (1) by treatment with
      diazpam, a drug that releases suppressed responses; or (2) by delaying avoidance
      testing until conditioned responding had recovered, thus minimizing the
      interaction of the two processes.

PMID- 1208631
TI  - Modification of avoidance behavior in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats by
      stimulation of central noradrenergic and dopaminergic receptors.
AB  - Rats showing reliable decrements in conditioned avoidance behavior after the
      intraventricular administration of 6-hydroxdopamine (6-HD) with pargyline
      pretreatment were given various dopaminergic and noradrenergic agonists.
      Intraventricular injections of DA or L-NE or intraperitoneal injections of
      apomorphine or L-DOPA reversed the avoidance decrements, often restoring
      performance to pre-6-HD-treatment levels. Furthermore, these agonists all
      produced behavior characteristic of activity in dopaminergic neurons. Clonidine,
      a noradrenergic agonist, also reversed avoidance decrements, but did not produce
      behavior characteristic of stimulation of dopaminergic neurons in the brain.
      Pretreatment with spiroperidol, a dopaminergic receptor blocker, prevented the
      recovery induced by all agonists, although clonidine-induced recovery was
      affected least. The results are discussed in terms of possible separate roles for
      dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons in the brain in avoidance behavior.

PMID- 1208632
TI  - Relationship of brain levels of norepinephrine and dopamine to avoidance behavior
      in rats after intraventricular administration of 6-hydoxydopamine.
AB  - Rats trained on a discriminated avoidance procedure showed long-term decrements
      in performance after intraventricular administration of 6-hydroxydopamine.
      Biochemical assay showed that DA levels were correlated with avoidance
      performance no matter when behavior was measured, but NE levels were most highly
      correlated with avoidance behavior at those times when suppression of responding
      appeared to be the major influence on responding. The data are discussed in terms
      of possible separate roles for NE and DA in avoidance behavior.

PMID- 1208633
TI  - Functional relationship of lateral hypothalamus and amygdala in control of
      eating.
AB  - Cannulas were stereotactically implanted in the lateral hypothalamus and the
      ipsilateral amygdaloid cortical nucleus of 7 male albino rats, Wistar strain.
      After functional checking of the accuracy of implants by adrenergic elicitation
      of increased food intake, the animals were injected with combinations of
      noradrenaline, phenoxybenzamine or tolazoline, or placebo under 6 treatment
      conditions, while food-and water satiated. The elicitation of increased food
      intake in the satiated rat by adrenergic stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus
      was confirmed, and it was further found that simultaneous adrenergic stimulation
      of the amygdaloid cortical nucleus augmented this increase. However, simultaneous
      anti-adrenergic blockade in the amygdaloid cortical nucleus reduced eating to
      control level. The lack of response of the amygdaloid cortical nucleus to
      adrenergic stimulation in the satiated rat, under simultaneous stimulation of the
      lateral hypothalamus with either placebo or an adrenergic blocker, was also
      demonstrated. It was concluded that the amygdaloid cortical nucleus has a
      modulatory influence on eating behavior, which is dependent on the level of
      activity in the lateral hypothalamus, and further that this modulatory influence
      is necessary to the behavioral output of the hypothalamic system. This is the
      same relationship between the hypothalamus and amygdala previously demonstrated
      in regard to drinking behavior and these results are seen as supporting the
      behavioral generality of the functional relationships reported.

PMID- 1208634
TI  - Feeding following intraventricular injection of CA++, MG++ or pentobarbital in
      pigs.
AB  - The effects on food intake, of injections into the lateral ventricle of Ca++,
      Mg++ or equimolar mixtures of the 2 ions have been studied in pigs. The chloride
      salts were made up in normal saline which together with 1.35 percent NaC1 was
      used as a control injection. Dosages of 12.5 mumoles, 25 mumoles, or 50 mumoles
      either Ca++ or Mg++ elicited increased food intake in the 30 min following the
      injection and there was a predominantly linear feeding response to increasing
      concentration of the two ions. Ca++ was more effective in eliciting increased
      food intake than Mg++. Equimolar mixtures of Ca++ and Mg++ of 6.5 + 6.5 mumoles,
      12.5 + 12.5 mumoles or 25 + 25 mumoles also increased food intake linearly and
      the mixture of ions was more effective than equivalent concentrations of Ca++ or
      Mg++ alone. No antagonism between Ca++ and Mg++ was seen with respect to food
      intake. Intraventricular injections of 16 mumoles of sodium pentobarbital also
      elicited increased food intake in the 30 min following injection. It is suggested
      that the ions and the barbiturate probably act by deression of periventricular
      neurons, particularly in the medial hypothalamus which is adjacent to the third
      ventricle.

PMID- 1208635
TI  - Apparatus for quantitative evaluation of visually guided pecking in the pigeon.
AB  - An apparatus using a phase-locked loop is described which allows automated,
      differential counts of correct and incorrectly oriented pecks, elicited by
      apomorphine in the pigeon. This apparatus provides a unique and precise means for
      the study of this characteristic, visually guided behavior.

PMID- 1208636
TI  - Lack of protection by pyridoxine or hydrazine pretreatment against monosodium L
      glutamate-induced seizures.
AB  - Pretreatment of rats with hydrazine (100 mg/kg), a compound which raises brain
      gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAGA) 175 percent in 12 hr was not able to prevent the
      occurrence of seizures induced by monosodium L-glutamate (MSG). Pyridoxine (50
      mg/kg) the cofactor essential in the conversion of glutamate to GABA, also failed
      to prevent convulsions induced by parenteral MSG administration. It is concluded
      that the mechanism of action of MSG-induced seizures is neither by decreasing
      brain GABA levels or interfering with the pyridoxine cofactor.

PMID- 1208638
TI  - Learned taste aversions induced by high doses of monosodium L-glutamate.
AB  - Learned taste aversions, as measured by increased time to complete 100 licks of a
      sweetened condensed milk solution, were demonstrated by laboratory rats 4 days
      after consumption of the milk solution paired with high oral doses of monosodium
      1-glutamate (MSG). The hesitancy of the rats to consume milk on the test session
      cannot be simply attributed to direct action of the drug on motivation (e.g.,
      hunger) or to drug debilitation. MSG has been reported to occasionally cause
      aversive effects in humans (Chinese restaurant syndrome), and the present
      experiments demonstrate that the effects of MSG are aversive to laboratory rats
      as well.

PMID- 1208637
TI  - Comparison of the discriminative stimulus properties of delta9-THC and psilocybin
      in rats.
AB  - Male albino rats were trained to respond differentially on the left or right
      lever in a 2-lever chamber on the basis of which drug had been given intra
      peritoneally (IP) 30 min before experimentation. In 1 group 1.9 mg/kg of delta9
      THC and control injections (vehicle) served as the discriminative stimuli
      associated with each lever and in another group the drug stimuli were 1.0 mg/kg
      of delta9-THC and 1.0 mg/kg of psilocybin. The results confirmed those of other
      experiments using different procedures; that delta9-THC can acquire
      discriminative control over responding. The fact that delta9-THC and psilocybin
      were also found to differentially control lever choice demonstrates that these 2
      drugs probably produce discriminably different states in rats.

PMID- 1208639
TI  - Increased disrupting effects of haloperidol on a conditioned avoidance response
      after 6-hydroxydopamine treatment.
AB  - The influence of prior catecholamine depletion was studied on the behavioral
      depressant effects of haloperidol using a conditioned avoidance response. The
      butyrophenone disrupting effects on the avoidance behavior were significantly
      increased by 6-hydroxydopamine pretreatment.

PMID- 1208640
TI  - Effects of prior drug experience on the establishment of taste aversions in rats.
AB  - Groups of food and water deprived rats were injected with either 2 mg/kg d
      amphetamine, 9mg/kg dl-fenfluramine or isotonic saline immediately after the
      first presentation of a 25 percent solution of condensed milk for a 30 min
      period. When animals were tested for aversion to condensed milk 8 days later both
      drugs were found to cause a highly significant decrease in total amounts drunk;
      in contrast saline injected animals showed significant increases in the amount
      drunk. However, it was found that the development of a conditioned taste aversion
      could be markedly attenuated or abolished altogether by providing groups of
      animals with experience of both drugs prior to aversion establishment, and that
      the degree of attenuation of aversion was proportional to the amount of prior
      experience. Novelty of drug administered would seem to be a critical variable in
      the establishment of taste aversions. The results are discussed with reference to
      some of the paradoxical aspects of drug induced taste aversions.

PMID- 1208642
TI  - Effect of gastric emptying rate on the intestinal absorption of chloroquine in
      rats.
AB  - After oral administration, chloroquine caused a dose-related delay in gastric
      emptying and in its own absorption from the small intestine in rats. Acetyl-beta
      methylcholine (0.75 mg/kg i.p.) did not influence the intraperitoneal LD50 value
      of chloroquine (102 mg/kg) significantly, but reduced oral LD50 from 1,080 to 280
      mg/kg. Acetyl-beta-methylcholine increased both the gastric emptying rate and the
      propulsion motility of the small intestine. As a consequence, the intestinal
      mucosal surface that had come into contact with the drug was increased in size,
      resulting in more rapid absorption of chloroquine. Infusion of chloroquine at a
      rate of 1 mg/min/kg into a mesenteric vein was tolerated by anaesthetized rats
      for hours. Increasing the dose, however, led to shorter survival times and
      eventually to death. It is concluded that gastric emptying may play an important
      role in the rate of intestinal absorption and in the oral toxicity of drugs.

PMID- 1208641
TI  - Effects of high-dose cyanate upon cerebral energy metabolism of the rat.
AB  - The effect of sodium cyanate (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight i.p. daily
      for 10 days) upon cerebral metabolism and the EEG of Wistar rats was studied.
      This treatment resulted in a dose-related carbamylation of hemoglobin and left
      shift in the oxygen dissociation curve. Animals receiving the highest dose of
      cyanate developed a significant systemic metabolic acidosis. In brain there was
      dose-dependent decrease in phosphocreatine, TCO2 and cytoplasmic NADH/NAD+ ratio,
      reflecting the calculated drop in intracellular pH. Glucose levels were elevated
      despite a normal calculated energy charge, which suggests a balanced slowing of
      the energy-producing and energy-utilizing systems. The higher doses of cyanate
      produced spontaneous seizure activity on the EEG.

PMID- 1208643
TI  - Pharmacological effects of urotensins. I. Regional vascular effects of urotensins
      I and II in the rat.
AB  - The effects of urotensins I and II were studied on blood space and inulin space
      (with 51Cr-labelled erythrocytes and 14C inulin) in organs obtained from rats
      anaesthetized with pentobarbital. The findings were matched with the effects of
      urotensins on blood pressure and on perfusion pressure in the isolated perfused
      rat hind limb (skeletal muscle), intestine, kidney, and lung. Blood space was
      greatly increased by urotensin I (50 mU/100 g body wt iv) in skeletal muscle,
      intestine (ileum), ear, renal cortex, medulla and papilla and in adrenal gland,
      but was decreased in liver and spleen. Blood space changes in these organs run in
      parallel with the blood-pressure-lowering effect of I. After urotensin II, no
      significant changes were observed in the above organs, with the exception of the
      renal cortex where an increase in blood space occurred. Urotensin I caused an
      increase in inulin space in skeletal muscle, intestine, diaphragm and adrenal,
      but mobilized extracellular fluid from liver, lung, spleen and ear. In the
      kidney, urotensin I increased the tissue/plasma inulin ratio in renal cortex,
      medulla and papilla, indicating water reabsorption. It is concluded that the
      blood-pressure-lowering effect of urotensin I in the rat is due to a potent
      vasodilatatory action, mainly exerted in skeletal muscle, mesenteric region, skin
      and kidney.

PMID- 1208644
TI  - Pharmacological effects of urotensins. II. Renal effects of urotensin I in the
      rat.
AB  - Urotensin I decreased urine flow, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma
      flow in intact and hypophysectomized rats. The antidiuretic effect of urotensin I
      differed from the that caused by AVT in that (a) the urine conductivity was not
      usually increased by the former, and (b) the rates of excretion of Na and K were
      different. The use of hypophysectomized rats and of Na-thioglycollate-treated
      urotensin I preparations indicated that the antidiuretic effect of urotensin I
      was not due to the release of endogenous ADH, nor was it caused by presence of
      AVT in the urotensin I samples.

PMID- 1208645
TI  - Pharmacological effects of urotensins. III. Fate or Urotensin I in different
      vascular beds and in blood of the rat.
AB  - The rates of disappearance of urotensin I, a peptide with a prolonged
      vasodepressor action, was studied in perfused isolated organs of the rat and in
      rat blood in vitro. The rates ranged from 29.9+/-3.2% in the perfused hind limb
      to 55.1 +/- 7.2% in the lungs. Urotensin I activity disappeared slowly during
      incubation with rat blood, the "half-life" being about 4 min. The fast removal or
      urotensin I by the organs contrasts with its long duration of action.

PMID- 1208646
TI  - Pharmacological effects of urotensins. IV. Blood pressure-lowering effects of
      urotensin I in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - The blood pressure lowering effect of urotensin I, a vasodilatory peptide
      obtained from urophyses of a bony fish species (Catostomus commersoni) was
      studied by tail plethysmography in conscious normotensive and in spontaneously
      hypertensive rats. Urotensin I (10 mU/100 g body weight i.v.) lowered the blood
      pressure, depending on the preinjection level. The lowering of pressure amounted
      to 12.4 +/- 1.28% of the preinjection level in normotensive rats, 17.9 +/- 1.46%
      in hypertensive females and to 28.9 +/- 1.06% in hypertensive males. The
      differences between the normotensive and each group of hypertensive animals were
      statistically significant (p less than 0.05 to p less 0.001). The blood pressure
      lowering effect of urotensin I was less pronounced in female hypertensive rats
      than in hypertensive males of the same age. No significant difference was found
      in the preinjection blood pressure level between the group of younger (169-176
      days) and older (247-249 days) male hypertensive rats. However, the blood
      pressure in the younger rats was significantly more affected by urotensin I than
      that in the older rats (p less than 0.05).

PMID- 1208647
TI  - Electrical and mechanical activity of the isolated canine stomach perfused with
      homologous, in vitro, oxygenated blood.
AB  - Electrical and mechanical activity was recorded from six totally isolated canine
      stomachs perfused with homologous blood oxygenated in vitro. Reactions to
      electrical vagal stimulation to cholinergic drugs and to pentagastrin were
      recorded. Electrical control activity, electrical response activity and
      mechanical response of isolated stomachs, observed in this in vitro system, were
      identical to those found in canine-isolated stomachs perfused with cross
      circulated blood of living animals. It appears that when a living animal is
      included in the perfusion system of the isolated stomach, drugs used for gastric
      stimulation are rapidly metabolized and, due to this physiological clearance,
      repeated injections of stimulants can be given for several hours. Using the in
      vitro perfusion system, as in this experiment, injected drugs accumulate in the
      perfusion blood, as no clearance mechanism is available. Partial or total
      exchange of perfusion blood is therefore recommended. With these reservations,
      the in vitro system appears to be an easy method for the study of nonstimulated
      and stimulated electrical and mechanical activity of the totally isolated canine
      stomach.

PMID- 1208648
TI  - Clofibrate pharmacokinetics: effect of elevation of plasma-free fatty acids.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of rho-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (CPIB), the active
      metabolite of clofibrate were determined following intravenous administration in
      the rat. Serum CPIB concentrations were measured using an new TLC-GLC method. The
      results agree favourably with pharmacokinetics in human subjects after oral
      administration of clofibrate. Both clofibrate and free fatty acids (FFA) are
      extensively bound to circulating plasma proteins. When plasma FFA were elevated
      to about 2,000 muEq/1, the CPIB elimination half-life decreased form 19.3 h in
      controls to 7.3 h. Thus, elevation of FFA appears to significantly alter the
      pharmacokinetics of a highly bound drug.

PMID- 1208650
TI  - Excited-state reactions of oxidized flavin derivatives.

PMID- 1208649
TI  - Inhibition of protein synthesis in cultured tobacco cells by ultraviolet
      radiation.

PMID- 1208651
TI  - Epidermal hyperplasia induced by ultraviolet radiation; error and uncertainty of
      measurement.

PMID- 1208652
TI  - Phytoene as a protective agent against sunburn (greater than 280 nm) radiation in
      guinea pigs.

PMID- 1208653
TI  - X-ray sensitivity of photosynthetic and reproductive systems in Chlorella.

PMID- 1208654
TI  - The 'high-irradiance response' in anthocyanin formation as related to the
      phytochrome level.

PMID- 1208655
TI  - Induced deactivation of naphthalene triplets by cis-piperylene.

PMID- 1208656
TI  - Visual pigments. V. Ground and excited-state acid dissociation constants of
      protonated all-trans retinal schiff base and correlation with theory.

PMID- 1208657
TI  - Action of visible light on enzymes in cell envelopes of Micrococcus roseus.

PMID- 1208658
TI  - 2-Anthraquinonesulfonic acid photosensitized autoxidation of HEPES buffer.

PMID- 1208659
TI  - Effects of 8-methoxypsoralen-induced phototoxic effects on mammalian epidermal
      macromolecule synthesis in vivo.

PMID- 1208660
TI  - Fast and slow phases of luminescence in Chlorella.

PMID- 1208661
TI  - Thermoluminescence studies on spinach leaves and Euglena.

PMID- 1208662
TI  - Phototactic response of Chlamydomonas to flashes of light. I. Response of cell
      populations.

PMID- 1208663
TI  - On the electronic spectrum of purine.

PMID- 1208664
TI  - Concerning the question of intramolecular photosensitization of the peptide bond
      by the phenyl chromophore.

PMID- 1208665
TI  - Lethal effect of "daylight" fluorescent light on human cells in tissue-culture
      medium.

PMID- 1208667
TI  - Solar-simulating radiation systems for biological research.

PMID- 1208666
TI  - Black lipid membranes (BLM) containing crystalline chlorophyll.

PMID- 1208668
TI  - Acceleration and pacing of copulatory performance of male rats by repeated
      aversive brain stimulation.
AB  - Repetitive electric shocks applied to the dorsal midbrain (DM) paced the
      copulatory behavior of sexually experienced male rats. DM stimulation also
      accelerated the rate of copulation, the achievement of ejaculation and the
      resumption of copulation after ejaculation and increased the number of
      ejaculations in an hour test.

PMID- 1208669
TI  - Influence of neonatal androgen on the display of territorial marking behavior in
      the gerbil.
AB  - The effect of the presence or absence of androgen during the neonatal period on
      territorial marking behavior in the Mongolian gerbil was studied. Scent marking
      frequency was 20-40 fold greater in males than in females. Gonadectomy depressed
      marking in males but not in females. Testosterone propionate (TP) therapy
      completely restored marking in male but increased marking in intact and
      ovariectomized females to only one fourth that in males. Genetic males castrated
      within 2 days postpartum did not mark more frequently than TP-treated females
      after TP treatment in adulthood. Genetic females given a single TP injection
      within 6 days postpartum marked at male levels after TP treatment in adulthood.
      Males castrated after Day 2 and females given TP after Day 6 displayed marking
      frequencies intermediate between normal male and female levels after TP treatment
      in adulthood. This study suggests that sexual dimorphism in territorial marking
      behavior is due to a sex difference in the competency to respond to androgen, and
      it appears that development of this competency occurs during the neonatal period
      and is regulated, at least in part, by androgen. The onset of this
      differentiation process occurs earlier in the male than in the female.

PMID- 1208670
TI  - Extralimbic mediation of emotionality and social cohesiveness effects.
AB  - Long-Evans hooded rats were tested for emotionality and observed by pairs in an
      open field for 6 consecutive days. Postoperative observations indicated that both
      emotionality and social cohesiveness were dramatically altered by ventromedial
      and anterolateral hypothalamic lesions. Tegmental, interpeduncular and habenular
      lesions were shown to have no effect on these behaviors. Alterations in behavior
      observed following hypothalamic ablations were related to septal and amygdaloid
      effects, and the possibility of separate projection systems for emotionality and
      social cohesiveness was discussed.

PMID- 1208671
TI  - Learning deficits produced by chronic and reversible lesions of the corpus
      striatum in rats.
AB  - In a first experiment it was found that the reversible disruption of the normal
      activity of the corpus striatum (CN) of rats by microinjections of potassium
      chloride produced a marked impairment on the acquisition of a one-trial passive
      avoidance task. Two additional experiments showed the same performance deficits
      on the acquisition as well as on the retention of the task when the CN was
      electrolytically lesioned. Since two different methods of disrupting the
      functional integrity of the striatum were used, it can be concluded that the
      results are not due to the pecularities of a single method. These results further
      support the hypothesis of critical involvement of the CN in the integration and
      storing of learned information.

PMID- 1208672
TI  - Long-term deficits after somatosensory cortical lesions in rats.
AB  - Rats having either sham operations or one-stage bilateral lesions of the two
      somatosensory areas of the cortex were tested for acquisition of five tactile
      discriminations after postoperative recovery intervals of 14, 35, 180, 365 or 730
      days. The group with lesions performed worse than its time-matched control group
      in every instance, and there was no evidence for recovery of function with the
      longer postoperative recovery periods. These results suggest that time per se is
      not a significant determinant of restitution after somatosensory cortical
      ablations.

PMID- 1208673
TI  - Entrainment of the rat's activity rhythm by cyclic light following lateral
      geniculate nucleus lesions.
AB  - The rhythmic running-wheel activity of rats is entrained by sensory input via the
      visual system. The retinal projection transmitting visual information essential
      for entrainment of the activity rhythm is unknown. Lesions of the lateral
      geniculate nucleus (LGN) disrupt two projections, the primary optic tract (POT)
      and the superior accessory optic tract (AOT-SF). It was found that activity
      remained entrained to a light cycle following LGN lesions. This indicates that
      the POT and the AOT-SF are not necessary for entrainment. The two remaining
      projections, the retinohypothalamic pathway and the inferior accessory optic
      tract (AOT-IF), are sufficient to maintain entrainment. In light of other
      investigations, it is suggested that the retinohypothalamic pathway is the key
      projection for synchrony of the activity rhythm with environmental illumination.
      It was also found that LGN lesions severely impaired the subjects' ability to
      learn a brightness discrimination.

PMID- 1208675
TI  - Role of cortex in Pavlovian discrimination learning.
AB  - Two totally neodecorticate rabbits and two groups of normal rabbits were trained
      on a light-tone differentiation using a Pavlovian nictitating membrane response.
      The significance of the two stimuli involved in the differentiation was then
      reversed. Excellent initial differentiations were produced by both decorticates
      and normals, although there was some evidence of a small retardation of
      conditional response acquisition in the decorticates in this first stage of the
      experiment. Under reversal conditions the decorticates extinguished responding to
      the formerly positive conditional stimulus in fewer trials and produced more
      complete differentiation performances than normal animals. The decorticates,
      unlike the normal animals, failed to show a reduction in conditional response
      onset latencies during either differentiation or reversal training.

PMID- 1208674
TI  - Sensitivity of the rat gustatory system to the rate of stimulus onset.
AB  - Responses of the rat chorda tympani nerve were obtained to stimulation of the
      tongue with both linearly rising anodal current of varying intensity and rate of
      rise and NaCl presented at different concentrations and rates of flow. The
      amplitude of the transient portion of the integrated chorda tympani response was
      a power function of the rate of current rise. The duration of the transient
      response paralleled the rising phase of the current and the neural response fell
      to a tonic level proportional to current intensity when the rising current
      reached its plateau. Anodal currents of different final intensities but presented
      at the same rate of rise produced transient responses of the same amplitude.
      Responses of single chorda tympani fibers exhibited the same phasic and tonic
      components that were characteristic of the whole nerve. When NaCl was presented
      to the tongue at different rates of flow, the chorda tympani response reflected a
      sensitivity to stimulus onset rate paralleling that shown to linearly rising
      current.

PMID- 1208676
TI  - Effects of lateral hypothalamic lesions on consummatory behavior in developing
      rats.
AB  - Bilateral lesions aimed at the lateral hypothalami of preweanling rats result in
      decreased weight gain and eventual death within 5 days after the operation. Ten
      day-old rats with unilateral damage to the lateral hypothalamus show retarded
      growth, food and water intake regulatory deficits, and altered sensitivity to
      quinine adulteration of the water for up to 60 days of age. These results suggest
      that at least one neural mechanism that regulates food and water intake matures
      early in the postnatal life of the rat.

PMID- 1208677
TI  - Analysis of feeding patterns in normal and vagotomized rabbits.
AB  - Spontaneous meal sizes, intermeal intervals, and 24 hr feeding rhythms were
      monitored in normal and 60 day recovered vagotomized rabbits fed solid laboratory
      chow. Mean sizes of meals and intermeal intervals, and the circadian distribution
      of food intake did not differ between the two groups, but vagotomy was associated
      with increased frequencies of both smaller and larger than average meals.
      Positive meal to postmeal interval correlations were evident in intact but not
      vagotomized animals, whereas vagotomized animals displayed a meal to premeal
      interval correlation in the light phase that was not present in normal rabbits.

PMID- 1208678
TI  - Development of olfactory-guided behavior in the golden hamster.
AB  - Hamster pups were tested for an odor preference every day from 1-16 days of age
      with shavings from their home cage and with clean wood shavings. The hamster pups
      showed a clear preference for their home cage shavings by 8 days of age. They
      were then tested for preferences with other odor combinations. Tests for
      preference with other odor pairs indicate that this preference is due to a change
      in the hamsters rather than a change in the stimulus. In these tests the hamster
      pups did not demonstrate a preference for their home shavings over shavings in
      which a nonlactating female had lived. Further tests will have to be done to
      determine how specific the hamster pup's olfactory preferences are.

PMID- 1208679
TI  - Water intoxication death following hypothalamic lesions in the rat.
AB  - Rats received large, bilateral lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus. Water or
      saline intakes, urine outputs and body temperatures were observed for up to 24 hr
      after surgery. Fifty percent of the operated animals drank excessively and died
      within 4-6 hr when permitted access to water. Urine outputs were low and symptoms
      of water intoxication were evident. When allowed access to saline, outputs rose
      and the number of animals which survived increased as the saline concentration
      increased. Body temperatures approached 40 degrees C during drinking, but did not
      differ from operated animals which refused to drink. It was concluded that the
      deposition of metallic ions strongly stimulates a hypothalamic drinking system
      which results in overhydration and water intoxication death.

PMID- 1208680
TI  - Hippocampal conditioned responses in the absence of entorhinal input.
AB  - Hippocampal unit responses to conditioned stimuli were analyzed in intact rats
      and in rats deprived of the input from the entorhinal cortex to the hippocampus.
      Cells in normal rats responded more intensely to a conditioned stimulus when it
      was applied within 1 min from a previous one. The rats with lesions had smaller
      conditioned hippocampal responses and, in addition, there were no differences
      between responses to stimuli applied after short or long intertrial intervals. No
      effects on gross conditioned behavior were noticed.

PMID- 1208681
TI  - A biological screen of selected species of the genus Euphorbia for skin irritant
      effects.

PMID- 1208682
TI  - Phytochemical investigation of Hippeastrum vittatum growing in Egypt. Part II.
      Isolation and identification of new alkaloids.

PMID- 1208683
TI  - Chemical constituents of the seeds and bark of Syzygium cumini.

PMID- 1208684
TI  - A review on the chemical and pharmacological aspects of genus Berberis.

PMID- 1208685
TI  - Viability and transplantability of developed tumour cells treated in vitro with
      antitumour agent C/M2 isolated from a herbal cancer remedy - of Annona
      senegalensis.

PMID- 1208686
TI  - A colorimetric estimation of Ginseng saponins.

PMID- 1208687
TI  - Antimicrobial action of galbanum.

PMID- 1208688
TI  - [Presence of theobromine in leaves of Ilex perado (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208689
TI  - Polypeptides and amino acids in the bulbus of Merendera caucasica.

PMID- 1208690
TI  - Studies in the field of drugs containing anthracene derivatives. XXVI. Method for
      the determination of anthrones in plant materials.

PMID- 1208691
TI  - n-Paraffin components of some Gnaphalieae.

PMID- 1208692
TI  - Investigation of Strychnos spp. III. Study of triterpenes and sterols of
      Strychnos potatorum seeds.

PMID- 1208693
TI  - Incidence of antibacterial activity in the Connaraceae.

PMID- 1208695
TI  - [Lung abscess (our experiences in 1963-1972 and comparison with experiences at
      Golnik in 1966-1970)].

PMID- 1208694
TI  - [Research on the dynamics of strong-reactor tuberculin allergy in childhood].

PMID- 1208696
TI  - [Continuous infusion of aminophylline in the treatment of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1208697
TI  - [Mycobacteriosis of the lung due to M. avium].

PMID- 1208699
TI  - [Inflammatory tumors of the bronchus as a diagnostic problem].

PMID- 1208698
TI  - [Mediastinal Castleman's lymphoma].

PMID- 1208700
TI  - [Unusual localization of tuberculous infection].

PMID- 1208701
TI  - Metastatic changes of the lungs in breast cancer.

PMID- 1208702
TI  - [Kanamycin in the treatment of nonspecific pulmonary diseases].

PMID- 1208703
TI  - [Changes of visual fields in intracranial tumors outside the cerebral
      hemispheres].
AB  - Based on neurosurgical material of 1,746 brain tumours, the changes of the visual
      field determined by isopteric perimetry are discussed with their significe with
      regard to tumours of corpus callosum, lateral ventricles, brain stem ganglia,
      IIIrd ventricle, region of the sella and adjacent areas as well as posterior
      fossa. The proportion of unilateral blindness with primary opticus atrophy and of
      skotomas is strinkingly high, so that in cases of loss of vision, not readily
      explicable by ophthalmology, as well as in unilateral defects of the visual
      field, intracranial processes must be thought of.

PMID- 1208704
TI  - [Aphasia syndromes in brain tumors. Clinico-pathological correlations].
AB  - A clinica-psychological and pathoanatomical analysis of 40 observations with
      neoplasms of the brain in the left dominant hemisphere and 4 observations with
      neoplasms in the right subdominant hemisphere, has been carried out. In 36 cases,
      a desintegration in the language in a form of aphasia, has been established,
      while in 4 cases this was not present. In 22 observations the established neuro
      psychological syndrome completely indicated and coincided with the localization
      of the neoplasm in the corresponding part or parts of the brain, in 10 it only
      partialy coincided, while in 4 cases it did not coincide with the localization of
      the neoplasm in the brain. The established neuro-psychological syndrome in
      observations with neoplasms in the right subdominant hemisphere possesses only a
      tentative topico-diagnostical significance. In conclusion the authors consider
      that the established syndromes of aphasia in patients with neoplasms of the brain
      may be of a considerable significance and help in substantiating a precise
      topical diagnosis.

PMID- 1208705
TI  - [Sjogren-Larsson syndrome].
AB  - The observations made on a 27-year-old patient with ichthyosis, debility,
      psychoinfantilism, and Little's syndrome are reported. Clinically, the condition
      of the skin is similar to that associated with ichthyosis vulgaris.
      Histologically, however, the picture is largely that of ichthyosis congenita, the
      condition being even more pronounced than that of ichthyosis congenita mitis.
      This particular case may be placed within the class of transitional forms of
      hereditary ichthyoses, and it may thus be proved that the Sjogren-Larsson
      syndrome also has its 'formes de passage'. In the etiological determination of
      oligophrenias and infantile cerebral motor disorders it is always necessary to
      give attention to the probable presence of ichthyosiform conditions of the skin.

PMID- 1208706
TI  - [Frequency pattern of alpha waves in the early stages of cerebrovascular
      circulation disorders].
AB  - In this study 201 EEG curves are interpreted belonging to patients suffering from
      incipient disturbances of the cerebral circulation. The patients were divided
      into 3 groups according to age (group I, 30-40 years; group II, 40-50 years;
      group III, 50 years and over). In group I there prevailed a rate of 11-12 alpha
      waves per sec., and a slower rate was hardly ever found; in group III the
      frequency pattern was quite different. This decreased frequency of the waves
      could be confirmed by statistics. We believe a direct link can be assumed to
      exist between a decrease in frequency and the beginning of disturbed cerebral
      circulation.

PMID- 1208707
TI  - [Clinical experience with Leponex].
AB  - Until now the "neuroleptic threshold" (Haase) was considered to be the efficiency
      criterion of the antipsychotic effect of a neuroleptic substance and it was
      thought therefore that the extrapyramidal symptoms were a necessary although
      undesired side effect. The benodiazepine derivative Leponex developed by Sandox -
      Basel upsets this view because it has an excellent antipsychotic effect without
      creating definite extrapyramidal symptoms. It is noted for its quick soporfic
      effect after only a few minutes, for subdueing psychopathological productivity in
      a very impressive way, for acting rapidly on the "plus"-symptomatology typical of
      psychosis, as early as in the first days of treatment, and for its equally
      visible effect on the "minus"-symptoms, typical of psychosis, in the last third
      of an average period of treatment lasting 40 days. The clinic using Leponex
      (Dresden, Halle, Brandenburg-Gorden) belonged to the clinical application
      programme of the Sandox - Basel firm. The article gives a summary of essential
      results and particulars about the treatment. A detailed evaluation of the case
      sheets which are at present being statistically reviewed will be given in the
      next paper.

PMID- 1208708
TI  - [Illusion space and the role of objects in the prepsychotic child].

PMID- 1208709
TI  - [Technics of child psychoanalysis].

PMID- 1208710
TI  - [Comments on psychoanalytic interpretation in child psychoanalysis].

PMID- 1208711
TI  - [Comparative cultural reflections on the problem of multiple mother-child
      relations].

PMID- 1208712
TI  - [The school psychiatry team: its problems, clientele and its cooperation with
      teachers].

PMID- 1208713
TI  - [Observations on mother-child relations during the first feedings].

PMID- 1208714
TI  - [Remarks concerning several cases of children being present at the violent death
      of a parent].

PMID- 1208715
TI  - [Youth and drugs].

PMID- 1208717
TI  - [Adaptive behavior of competent adolescents. The art of facing preparation for
      college].

PMID- 1208716
TI  - [The Abbey: disqualified neutrality].

PMID- 1208718
TI  - [Therapy in an intensive care milieu for disturbed children: individual care from
      the start].

PMID- 1208719
TI  - In pursuit of a dogmatism factor: derogation or alienation?

PMID- 1208720
TI  - WAIS performance of neurologically impaired aged.

PMID- 1208721
TI  - Aversive effects of repeated injections of THC in rats.

PMID- 1208722
TI  - Fertility, IQ and school achievement.

PMID- 1208723
TI  - The Scandinavian suicide phenomenon: fact or artifact? Another look.

PMID- 1208724
TI  - Hippocampal lesions and performance on a geometric progressive ratio schedule.

PMID- 1208725
TI  - Social background variables, referral sources and life events of male and female
      alcoholics.

PMID- 1208726
TI  - Relationship of drug involvement to dropping out of college.

PMID- 1208727
TI  - Personality and dogmatism among selected groups of orthodox jews.

PMID- 1208728
TI  - Effectiveness of crisis center volunteers and the personal orientation inventory.

PMID- 1208729
TI  - Relationship of locus of control to preoperative anxiety.

PMID- 1208730
TI  - Internal-external control and interpersonal attraction to a similar and
      dissimilar stranger.

PMID- 1208731
TI  - Clinical judgment: a search for sex differences.

PMID- 1208733
TI  - Factor analysis of repeated state hostility and guilt measures: females.

PMID- 1208732
TI  - Therapeutic abortion in a midwestern city.

PMID- 1208734
TI  - Effects of "neutral hypnosis" on a conditioned physiological response.

PMID- 1208735
TI  - Effects of sex, birth order, target's relationship and target's sex on self
      disclosure by college students.

PMID- 1208736
TI  - Relationship between generalized expectancies for control and experienced control
      among alcoholics.

PMID- 1208737
TI  - Psychoactive drugs, crime and violence.

PMID- 1208738
TI  - Personality variables, academic major, and vocational choice: a longitudinal
      study of Holland's theory.

PMID- 1208739
TI  - Some norms and validities of the Quick test for delinquent samples.

PMID- 1208740
TI  - Personality adjustment as a function of interaction between locus of evaluation
      and tolerance of ambiguity.

PMID- 1208741
TI  - An exploratory study of correlates of success in a vocational training program
      for ex-addicts.

PMID- 1208742
TI  - 16 PF correlates of sensation-seeking: an expansion and validation.

PMID- 1208743
TI  - Impact of a life planning workshop on perceived locus of control.

PMID- 1208744
TI  - Effects of novel irrelevant cues on brightness discrimination reversal in rats.

PMID- 1208745
TI  - The institutional aversive survey schedule.

PMID- 1208746
TI  - Attempted suicide: correlates of increasing medical lethality.

PMID- 1208747
TI  - Credibility of sources of information about drugs to heroin addicts.

PMID- 1208748
TI  - Teaching nonprofessionals three techniques to modify children's behavior.

PMID- 1208749
TI  - Phenomenological and operational characterization of factor-analytically derived
      dimensions of emotion.

PMID- 1208750
TI  - Age differences in racial self-identity of young black girls.

PMID- 1208751
TI  - Changes in patterns of psychological disturbance among college students.

PMID- 1208753
TI  - Authoritarianism, pretrial publicity, and awareness of bias in simulated jurors.

PMID- 1208752
TI  - Adjustment of Chippewa Indian alcoholics to a predominantly white treatment
      program.

PMID- 1208754
TI  - Relition and suicidal behavior.

PMID- 1208755
TI  - Effects of brief alcoholism training on general hospital personnel.

PMID- 1208757
TI  - The stimulus properties of morphine and ethanol.
AB  - The present investigation sought (a) to establish the efficacy of morphine and
      ethanol as discriminative stimuli when each is paired with the administration of
      saline and (b) to compare, in a qualitative sense, the stimulus properties of the
      two drugs. Additional experiments examined the effects of treatment with naloxone
      or l-propranolol upon morphine and ethanol-mediated discriminated responding.
      Finally, the stereospecificity of the stimuli produced by morphine was determined
      by a comparison, in morphine-trained rats, of levorphanol and dextrorphan.
      Discriminated responding developed rapidly in both the morphine and ethanol
      groups. In tests in which ethanol was administered to morphine-trained animals
      and vice versa, no similarity to stimulus properties was apparent. Antagonism of
      discriminated responding induced by morphine and ethanol was attempted using
      naloxone and l-propranolol. Naloxone blocked the actions of morphine but was
      without effect upon ethanol. No evidence of antagonism of either drug by
      propranolol was found. When a range of doses of levorphanol (0.1-3 mg/kg) and
      dextrorphan (3-100 mg/kg) was tested in morphine trained animals, only
      levorphanol was able to substitute for morphine. The present results suggest that
      the stimulus properties of morphine represent typical opiate effects.

PMID- 1208756
TI  - An MMPI comparison of U.S.A.F. groups identified as drug users.

PMID- 1208758
TI  - A comparison of the discriminative stimulus properties of R-2,5-dimethoxy-4
      methylamphetamine (R-DOM) and S-amphetamine in the rat.
AB  - The effects of 0.75 mg/kg of R-DOM and 1.0 mg/kg of S-amphetamine served as
      discriminative stimuli in the control of a two-lever discrimination response.
      Dose-response evaluation of the two agents indicated that in S-amphetamine
      trained animals the drug effects produced by test doses of 0.5 to 2.2 mg/kg of S
      amphetamine could be considered as a dose-dependent continuum of low to high
      stimulus intensity. In R-DOM trained subjects, low to moderate doses of R-DOM
      (0.5-1.5 mg/kg) produced dose-related discriminative responding, but the high
      dose of R-DOM (2.2 mg/kg) resulted in random responding. When animals trained to
      discriminate 1.0 mg/kg of S-amphetamine from saline were given 0.5 or 0.75 mg/kg
      of R-DOM, they tended to respond on the drug correct lever. However, higher doses
      of R-DOM (1.5 and 2.2 mg/kg) produced random responding. Similarly, animals
      trained to discriminate 0.75 mg/kg of R-DOM from saline exhibited correct
      responses following 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg of S-amphetamine, but not after 1.5 and
      2.2 mg/kg. These data suggest that low doses of R-DOM produce discriminative
      stimuli that are qualitatively different from those of higher doses. Stimuli
      following low doses of R-DOM also appear similar in some respects to those
      following low doses of S-amphetamine.

PMID- 1208759
TI  - Behavioral and neuropharmacological analysis of amphetamine and 2,5-dimethoxy-4
      methylamphetamine in rats.
AB  - A comparison of the behavioral pharmacology of DOM and amphetamine in rats
      indicated that lower doses (0.10-1.0 mg/kg) of the two agents had similar effects
      on schedule-controlled food-reinforced and shock-avoidance behavior. Similarities
      were also noted in their effects on horizontally directed motor activity when
      testing was preceeded by a period of acclimation. However, most doses of DOM
      tended to decrease unacclimated motor activity, while amphetamine increased this
      behavior. Neuropharmacological antagonism studies indicated that brain
      catecholamines (CA) and serotonin (5-HT) are involved in the behavioral effects
      of both DOM and amphetamine. Cinanserin, a 5-HT receptor blocker, attenuated the
      behavioral disruptive effects of both agents on food-reinforced responding.
      Cinanserin attenuated the effects of all doses of DOM and those of higher doses
      of amphetamine on shock avoidance. When given prior to lower doses of
      amphetamine, there was a greater behavioral stimulation than when amphetamine was
      given alone. Prior depletion of brain CA with alpha-methyltyrosine (alpha-MT) did
      not affect DOM induced disruption of food-reinforced responding, while alpha-MT
      attenuated the behavioral effects of all doses of DOM and amphetamine on shock
      avoidance. These data suggest that DOM and amphetamine share a similar component
      in their mechanism of action which depends on the availability of a releasable
      pool of brain CA.

PMID- 1208760
TI  - Effects of diazepam and scopolamine on storage, retrieval and organizational
      processes in memory.
AB  - The effects of intramuscular injections of diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) and scopolamine
      (8 mug/kg) on memory processes and subjective moods were studied in 36
      volunteers. Subjects (Ss) were tested in groups of four in a double blind
      procedure with treatments distributed according to a Latin square design. Lists
      of words were presented to Ss who were then tested with an immediate free recall
      test prior to drug administration. Following injection delayed free recall and
      recognition tests were given. Subsequently two sets of lists were presented
      separately and tested in the same fashion. Two of the lists in the last set were
      composed of words falling into distinct categories. Memory was additionally
      analyzed by testing immediate recall of digit sequences and employing a visual
      recognition test. Subjective moods were evaluated with a rating questionnaire.
      Both diazepam and scopolamine impaired memory functions although the action of
      the latter drug was more pronounced and prolonged. The deficit appeared to be in
      the storage process leaving retrieval processes unaffected. Scopolamine in
      addition interfered with organizational processes. Subjectively, scopolamine also
      produced a larger sedative effect than diazepam.

PMID- 1208761
TI  - The role of orosensory stimuli from ethanol and blood-alcohol levels in producing
      conditioned taste aversion in the rat.
AB  - A taste-aversion paradigm was used to demonstrate that aversive consequences
      accompany the rapid oral ingestion of 5% (v/v) ethanol solutions. The learned
      taste aversion resulted from five 10-min self-administrations of alcohol mixed
      with an originally preferred flavor at a dosage of 1.69 g alcohol/kg body
      weight/day. In contrast, when the consumption of the alcohol solution was
      distributed throughout the day, a conditioned aversion was not obtained. This
      outcome was observed even though the distributed drinking animals were exposed to
      more orosensory stimuli and ingested more g/kg than the 10-min animals. The
      observation that those animals that drank their daily fluid in 10 min
      demonstrated higher peak blood-alcohol levels than the distributed animals
      supports the conclusion that a centrally mediated aversive state of inebriation
      must be present to produce a conditioned aversion.

PMID- 1208762
TI  - Clinical studies with dopamine-receptor stimulants.
AB  - Oral administration of ET-495 was found to cause worsening of psychiatric status
      in 4 out of 7 schizophrenic patients, and to induce a paranoid state and a
      syndrome of auditory hallucinosis in 2 non-schizophrenics. These observations
      were compatible with the hypothesized role of dopamine in schizophrenia. However,
      these psychotogenic effects were far less dramatic than those noted in other
      studies with amphetamine, methylphenidate or L-Dopa. Possible explanations for
      this differing psychotogenic potency of receptor stimulators versus presynaptic
      agonists are presented. Intravenous ET-495 and apomorphine did not show
      psychotogenic effects.

PMID- 1208764
TI  - Dose-response effects of scopolamine on activity in an open field.
AB  - The frequency of the responses, i.e., squares entered (ambulation), rearing and
      grooming, were recorded over 30 min for saline, and 0.25, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg
      scopolamine treated groups. Scopolamine produced an inverted U dose-response
      curve for ambulation, an increase in rearing but no effect on grooming. All three
      responses decreased over time; scopolamine did not attenuate this rate of
      habituation. There did appear a dose-related time effect. It was concluded that
      scopolamine may have different effects on various responses recorded
      simultaneously over a range of doses. The results when compared to other
      experiments emphasized the importance of environmental factors in determining
      drug effects on behaviour.

PMID- 1208763
TI  - Clinical laboratory test standards for a sample of schizophrenics.
AB  - The normal ranges for 15 clinical laboratory tests for a pooled sample of 325
      schizophrenics, largely chronic and hospitalized, are presented. Laboratory data
      came from pretreatment blood samples of subjects who were all participants in
      clinical psychotropic drug trials conducted through the Early Clinical Drug
      Evaluation Unit (ECDEU) Program of the National Institute of Mental Health. Both
      parametric means and ranges (mean +/- 2 standard deviations) and non-parametric
      medians and percentile ranges (2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) are reported. The
      results generally confirm the finding of increased variability in schizophrenic
      laboratory test data noted in the past. This, and implications of the method are
      discussed.

PMID- 1208765
TI  - Psychosis following ingestion of hemp in children.

PMID- 1208766
TI  - Treatment of Sydenham's chorea with a combination of L-dopa and a peripheral dopa
      decarboxylase inhibitor.
AB  - Two male patients suffering from Sydenham's chorea were treated with a
      combination of L-Dopa and a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor. This treatment
      markedly reduced in one patient and totally suppressed in the other the abnormal
      involuntary movements present in this disease.

PMID- 1208767
TI  - Behaviour modification in mental handicap.

PMID- 1208768
TI  - Post-stroke rehabilitation.

PMID- 1208769
TI  - Battered wives. Research on battered wives.

PMID- 1208770
TI  - Battered wives. Family violence seen in general practice.

PMID- 1208772
TI  - Fitness--not fatness.

PMID- 1208773
TI  - Battered wives. Chiswick Women's Aid - a refuge from violence.

PMID- 1208771
TI  - Battered wives. A social worker's viewpoint.

PMID- 1208774
TI  - The role of Community Health Councils.

PMID- 1208775
TI  - Advances in drugs--boon or curse? The balance sheet of modern drug therapy.

PMID- 1208776
TI  - Advances in drugs - boon or curse? The social implications of psychotropic drugs.

PMID- 1208777
TI  - Advances in drugs - boon or curse? Present problems and future solutions.

PMID- 1208778
TI  - Health and safety at work. Aspects of the act affecting the local authority as
      the enforcement authority.

PMID- 1208779
TI  - Health and safety at work. Aspects of safety in the building industry.

PMID- 1208780
TI  - Getting fire hazards into perspective.

PMID- 1208781
TI  - Our existing housing stock. New directions in policy.

PMID- 1208782
TI  - [Comparison of various methods of extracting nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA from the
      liver of irradiated rats].

PMID- 1208783
TI  - [Role of endogenous substances in the creation of a background of increased
      radioresistance. Report 7. Study of the influence of dopamine and histamine on
      lipid radiosensitizers].

PMID- 1208784
TI  - [Influence of prolonged gamma-irradiation of rats on the biosynthesis of
      pyrimidine ribonucleotides].

PMID- 1208785
TI  - [Mathematical model of one of the methods of modification of the radiosensitivity
      of cells].

PMID- 1208786
TI  - [Influence of some chemical compounds on the radiation hemolysis of
      erythrocytes].

PMID- 1208787
TI  - [Changes in the quantity of colony-forming units of the bone marrow of mice in
      the process of irradiation with various dose rates].

PMID- 1208788
TI  - [Role of direct protection of cells of the hematopoietic system in the
      antiradiation effects of some biogenic amines on the animal organism].

PMID- 1208789
TI  - [Probability distribution of dose rates in bone tissue in relation to the rhythm
      of strontium-90 administration and the age of the animals].

PMID- 1208790
TI  - [Serum globulins as an antiradiation preparation].

PMID- 1208791
TI  - [Nephrosclerosis in various chronic radiation effect].

PMID- 1208792
TI  - [Characteristics of radiation syndromes after uneven irradiation].

PMID- 1208793
TI  - [Radioprotective effects of serotonin].

PMID- 1208795
TI  - [Effect of gamma-irradiation on the nucleotide composition of the tRNA of
      cotton].

PMID- 1208794
TI  - [Spontaneous and induced radiation of blood serum as an index of the degree of
      injury of animals].

PMID- 1208796
TI  - [Peroxides and radiation induced disorders of oxidative phosphorylation].

PMID- 1208797
TI  - [Levels of copper and iron in the tissues of rabbits under the influence of x
      rays].

PMID- 1208798
TI  - [Study of the degradation products of DNP from the rat thymus by the method of
      gel filtration on Sepharose 4B and ultracentrifugation in a sucrose gradient].

PMID- 1208799
TI  - [Dynamics of free and bound urea and arginase activity in sections of the brain
      of guinea pigs after irradiation].

PMID- 1208800
TI  - [Molecular mechanisms of the stimulating effect of ionizing radiation on seeds.
      Activation of the synthesis of ribonucleic acid].

PMID- 1208801
TI  - [Mechanism of action of relatively low doses of ionizing radiation of the
      compartmentalization of amino acids in the central nervous system].

PMID- 1208802
TI  - [Mechanism of the radiosensitizing action of methylhydrazine].

PMID- 1208803
TI  - [Metabolism of the tissues of the intestinal epithelium as a possible index of
      the degree of radiation injury of the organism].

PMID- 1208804
TI  - [Cytogenetic action of extracts from gamma-irradiated potato tubers on the bone
      marrow of mice].

PMID- 1208805
TI  - [Effect of x-irradiation on the metabolism of choline].

PMID- 1208806
TI  - [Changes in some functional properties of the vessels of the intestine in total
      body gamma-irradiation in superlethal doses].

PMID- 1208807
TI  - [Effectiveness of the action of radiation under conditions of uneven irradiation
      of the organism].

PMID- 1208808
TI  - [Levels of Ca, Sr90 and Cs137 in the human placenta].

PMID- 1208809
TI  - [Prognosis of the survival of rats with partial shielding of the abdominal
      region].

PMID- 1208811
TI  - [Study of the physico-chemical state of plutonium-239 in a citrate solution-blood
      system].

PMID- 1208810
TI  - [Influence of Sephadex on the state of the intestine of irradiated rats].

PMID- 1208812
TI  - [Influence of pre-sowing gamma-irradiation on the biology and fruitfulness of
      cucumbers].

PMID- 1208813
TI  - [Changes in the immunological response due to radiotherapy of cancer patients].

PMID- 1208814
TI  - The results of supervoltage preoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer.

PMID- 1208815
TI  - [Comparison of irradiation results of advanced oesophagus carcinomas between
      conventional x-ray deep therapy and telecobalt therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208816
TI  - [Histostructural peculiarities and radiation resistance of the tissue of diffuse
      toxic struma under therapy with 131I (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208817
TI  - [Cytological effects of therapy with tetrahydrofolic acid and cysteine on the
      bone marrow and peripheral blood picture of whole-body irradiated rats].

PMID- 1208818
TI  - [3-detector gamma-encephalography].

PMID- 1208820
TI  - Our experience with interstitial radiation therapy by radioactive cesium.

PMID- 1208819
TI  - [Experiences with a percutaneous 60 Co-teletherapy and endolymphatic therapy in
      the treatment of supradiaphragmatically localized lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1208822
TI  - [Skin neoplasms of the ear auricle].

PMID- 1208821
TI  - [On 35S therapy of chondrosarcoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208823
TI  - [Principles of organization of radiation safety in the Soviet Union].

PMID- 1208824
TI  - [Clinical examinations of the information value of isotope nephrogram after
      unilateral ureteral occlusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208825
TI  - [Clinical examinations on the importance of different fractionation rhythms for
      radiation therapy. Radiation physical model representations for optimizing
      fractionation conditions in radiation therapy].

PMID- 1208826
TI  - [Clinical examinations of different fractionation rhythms for radiation therapy.
      Fractionation studies by means of CRE-function].

PMID- 1208827
TI  - [Clinical examiantions on the importance of different fractionation rhythms for
      radiation therapy. Histologically controlled examinations of different
      fractionation rhythms for the irradiation of bronchial carcinoma].

PMID- 1208828
TI  - [Clinical examinations on the different fractionation rhythms for radiation
      therapy. Dynamic fractionation and behavior of heterogeneous tumor cell
      population (clinical and technical aspects)].

PMID- 1208829
TI  - [The importance of fractionation and serial pauses for the prophylaxis of late
      radiation damages (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208830
TI  - New diagnostic possibilities of a combined radiocardiopulmocirculographic method
      in pulmonology.

PMID- 1208831
TI  - [Experiments for increasing statement power of cytodiagnosis from cavitary
      effusions in malignant tumors. I. Modified methodical processing of cytological
      smears from effusions of the pleural cavity and ascites].

PMID- 1208832
TI  - [Accessory hepatic arteries and their nomenclatoric problems in radiology
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The numerous anatomical and radiological nomenclatures of hepatic arteries are
      compared and discussed. Our own material for the assessment of accessory hepatic
      arteries consisted of 220 anatomically prepared individuals and 74 angiograms.
      The individual branches in the normal case as well as all variations and their
      frequency are discussed. The present, often confusing nomenclature is critically
      reviewed and an attempt is made to establish a simple and clinically acceptable
      nomenclature. We propose to name the additional branches supplying the liver as
      'arteria hepatica accessoria' with reference to the vessel from which they
      originate. Additional branches in the terminal branching (ramus accessorius) and
      vessels of the liver capsula should not be referred to as accessory hepatic
      arteries.

PMID- 1208833
TI  - [Bone szintigram of osteopoikilosis familiaris (author's transl)].
AB  - Szintigraphic examination of two members of an Osteopoikilosis familiaris family
      demonstrates that the focus of the disease does not display any significant
      differences in metabolic behavior from that of other bone segments.

PMID- 1208834
TI  - [Renal cancer today - suspicion, diagnosis or therapy? (author's transl)].
AB  - The present-day situation of recording and diagnosis of malignant renal tumours
      was investigated on 50 patients recently seen by us. It was found that the
      complex radiological diagnosis (composed of excretion urography, isotope
      nephrography, renoscintigraphy, renovasography and additional investigations) is
      very well suited to show renal cancer in all stages taking into consideration
      localisation, extent and relations to surrounding tissue. As ever, the difficulty
      for a clarifying diagnosis still lies in seeing the patient as early as possible.
      This is due to the almost exclusively uncharacteristic symptoms which,
      additionally, very frequently coincide with symptoms of other diseases. The only
      chief symptom is clearly 'painless haematuria'. Relatively large renal tumours
      also escape palpation. The possibility of tracing haematurias during screening
      tests with 'Reagnost haemoglobin' tablets is discussed.

PMID- 1208835
TI  - Lesions of the trochlea tali. Osteochondral fractures and osteochondritis
      dissecans of the trochlea tali.
AB  - Osteochondral fracture of the trochlea tali, which can result in osteochondritis
      dissecans of this trochlea, is often not recognized as such and therefore not
      adequately treated. The nonrecognition is mainly due to the fact that the
      fracture can either remain asymptomatic or produce symptoms of inversion
      distortion; to a lesser degree it is also due to the fact that the lesion is not
      identified in the radiograph. In view of these facts it would seem necessary in
      all cases of distorsion to make an X-ray examination of the ankle, ascertaining
      that the trochlea tali is adequately visualized. Unless the symptoms abate within
      a week, radiological examination should be repeated. The same applies to patients
      whose initial recovery is followed by a relapse of symptoms. Surgical treatment
      of choice for osteochondral fractures. The symptomatology and therapeutic results
      in 46 osteochondral fractures studied were in agreement with data from the
      literature. Therapeutic results can be improved by earlier diagnosis and more
      adequate treatment of the condition.

PMID- 1208836
TI  - Selective renal venography in the evaluation of a non-functioning hydronephrotic
      kidney.
AB  - A case is presented in which extreme hydronephrosis simulated absence of the
      right kidney. The hydronephrosis occurred as a result of surgical ligation of the
      right ureter 10 years previously. There was no visualization of the excretory
      system by intravenous urography or retrograde pyelography. Abdominal aortography
      did not show the renal artery. Selective renal venography revealed a patent
      venous bed with splaying and thinning of the intrarenal veins. The contribution
      of renal venography is discussed in clarifying cases in which the kidney and the
      renal artery were not visualized.

PMID- 1208837
TI  - Radiological features of pulmonary venous hypertension in pulmonary emphysema.
AB  - In pulmonary emphysema, the normal features of pulmonary venous hypertension are
      often disturbed due to destruction of pulmonary tissue. The abnormal features are
      described.

PMID- 1208838
TI  - Thermography in diagnosing deep venous thrombosis of the lower limb.
AB  - Phlebography and thermography of the lower limbs were performed on 58 patients
      suspected on the basis of clinical examination to have deep venous thrombosis of
      the lower limb. Both thermography and phlebography were consistently positive in
      34 and negative in 17 cases. The skin temperature was lowered in four cases
      evidently because of an arterial spasm caused by deep venous thrombosis. No
      significant temperature elevation was established in three anamnestically and
      phlebographically older cases.

PMID- 1208839
TI  - Appendiceal abscess. A challenge in abdominal masses in children.
AB  - In children, more frequently than in adults, appendicitis is complicated by
      abscess formation. Facing an abdominal mass, especially if it is in the lower
      abdomen, the radiologist should consider tumor formation, teratoma, malformation
      or abscess. If there is air within the mass, the diagnosis of abscess is likely;
      if there is a stercolith, the diagnosis of perforated appendicitis has to be
      made.

PMID- 1208840
TI  - Clear-cell carcinoma of the kidney. Treatment with a precise technique using
      cobalt-60.
AB  - The treatment of the postoperative tumor bed after removal of clear-cell
      carcinoma (hypernephroma) constitutes a challenge to radiation therapy. Precise
      planning will deliver adequate dosage to the kidney bed and para-aortic lymph
      nodes while avoiding excessive dosage to the spinal cord and contralateral
      kidney.

PMID- 1208841
TI  - Carcinoma of the vulva.
AB  - The results of treatment of carcinoma of the vulva in patients referred to the
      Rotterdamsch Radio-Therapeutisch Instituut in the years 1965-1969 are reported.
      Electron beam therapy seems not to be the method of choice; surgery is to be
      preferred. Radiation therapy requires high doses (greater than or equal to 6
      krad) and is frequently followed by severe induration with recurrent ulcerations.

PMID- 1208842
TI  - Results of radioiodine (131/125I) therapy of hyperthyroidism.
AB  - One individually calculated dose of 131I was sufficient to control the
      hyperfunction in 75% of the patients with Graves' disease and 85% of the patients
      with autonomous adenoma. The cumulative myxedema risk 10 years after therapy was:
      15% in the patients with Graves' disease and nearly zero in patients with
      autonomous adenoma. Early results of 125I therapy of Graves' disease are
      presented. Peculiar aspects of thyroid function after destructive therapy of
      Graves' disease are discussed.

PMID- 1208843
TI  - Simultaneous estimation of tubular and glomerular renal clearance with separate
      estimation of each side using a self-constructed whole-body measuring set.
AB  - A measuring device for simultaneous determination of glomerular and tubular
      clearance with separation of both sides is described. The patient lies on a
      table. Two detectors mounted on the ceiling count the residual radioactivity in
      the body except in the kidneys which are shielded by a lead block. Two other
      detectors count the renal radioactivity. The total renal clearance is calculated
      by the whole-body clearance curve and plasma activity. The fraction cleared by
      each side is calculated by the renal activity time curve. Radiopharmaceuticals
      were: 99Tcm-EDTA and 131I-hippuran. Values for normal patients are given.

PMID- 1208844
TI  - [Value of temperature profiles of injured legs (author's transl)].
AB  - In thermographic control studies of temperature profiles legs of 93 patients with
      a sprained ankle temperature phenomenon was observed, which super-imposes the
      hyperthermia due to inactivity. This complicates correct interpretation.

PMID- 1208845
TI  - [Possibilities to evaluate hematogenous osteomyelitis of the extremities by
      thermography (author's transl)].
AB  - Single thermographic measurements and follow up studies in hematogenous
      osteomyelitis demonstrate that thermography can be used--under certain
      restrictions--as a supplementary diagnostic procedure to evaluate the activity of
      inflammatory bone disease.

PMID- 1208846
TI  - [Angiographic differential diagnosis of hydronephrosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The diagnosis of hydronephrosis is made by excretory urography with late films
      and retrograde pyelography. Renal arteriography in hydronephrosis permits exact
      evaluation of vascular supply and parenchymal thickness. In three cases selective
      arteriography was performed because of a non-functioning kidney or suspected
      space-occupying lesion. The combination of arteriogram and urogram--if necessary
      together with percutaneous puncture--allows to differentiate between
      hydronephrosis, avascular tumors, renal cysts, polycystic renal disease, renal
      abscess, subcapsular renal hematoma, fibrolipomatosis, xanthogranulomatous
      pyelonephritis, and tuberculosis.

PMID- 1208847
TI  - Dynamic aspects of colonic Crohn's disease.
AB  - Changing patterns of the lesions in colonic Crohn's disease were studied in 86
      patients who underwent multiple consequetive roentgen examinations. Local
      progression of lesions was seen in 56 out of 86 patients; rapid local advancement
      from mild to severe lesions was not uncommon. Temporary regression of lesions was
      only seen in 7%; definitive permanent healing on conservative treatment was not
      observed. Preoperative extension of lesions was seen in 29%, with ultimate
      involvement of the rectum in 7% and development of anal fistulae in 17%. Clinical
      implications of the findings are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1208848
TI  - The use of the 99mTc-pertechnetate neck/thigh ratio as a test of thyroid
      function.
AB  - A total of 100 patients were studied by standard thyroid function tests and the
      99mTc-pertechnetate neck/thigh ratio was determined. This ratio or "trapping
      index" correlated closely with 131I uptake. The 99mTc test should be followed by
      scanning at 20 minutes to distinguish diffuse from localized thyroid disease. TSH
      stimulation and suppression studies can be done. It is recommended that this
      ratio be used in place of the standard 24-hour RAIU study, as it gives the same
      information at a saving in time, money, and radiation exposure.

PMID- 1208849
TI  - Impaired ventilation in a patient with angiographically demonstrated pulmonary
      emboli.
AB  - Matched regional ventilation/perfusion studies (V/Q) have traditionally been
      associated with ventilatory diseases, while mismatched V/Q studies have been
      associated more often with vascular abnormalities. The authors describe a patient
      with multiple pulmonary emboli who demonstrated matched ventilation and perfusion
      studies five hours after the onset of symptoms.

PMID- 1208850
TI  - Choledochal cysts: roentgenographic techniques.
AB  - Twenty-four cases of choledochal cysts were reviewed. Only 7 cases were
      definitely diagnosed preoperatively: 3 by 131I rose bengal scanning, 2 by
      intravenous cholangiography, 1 by oral cholecystography, and 1 by 99mTc sulfur
      colloid scanning followed by angiography. The highest percentage of definitive
      positive examinations was found in the 131I rose bengal scan (3 of 4), but the
      study most helpful in suggesting the diagnosis in a general way was the upper
      gastrointestinal series. The more frequent use of 131I rose bengal scanning and
      ultrasound should increase diagnostic accuracy.

PMID- 1208851
TI  - Early neonatal pneumoperitoneum from progressive massive tension
      pneumomediastinum.
AB  - Three cases of early neonatal pneumoperitoneum as a result of progressive massive
      tension pneumomediastinum are described. The important roentgenographic features
      include massive pneumomediastinum located both above and behind the heart,
      absence of free peritoneal fluid, pneumothorax, and air in the stomach.
      Laparotomy should be avoided in this condition.

PMID- 1208852
TI  - B-scan ultrasound evaluation of the pancreas. Advantages and accuracy compared to
      other diagnostic techniques.
AB  - Over 200 patients were examined by B-scan ultrasound for suspected pancreatic
      disease; in 94 cases a final diagnosis was proved. The diagnostic accuracy of
      ultrasound, upper gastrointestinal examination, isotope pancreatography, and
      arteriography is compared. The diagnostic ultrasound features of the various
      pancreatic disease processes are described. Pancreatic sonography provides the
      most accurate and least expensive method for evaluating the pancreas with no
      known patient morbidity. The upper gastrointestinal series and radionuclide study
      are complementary to sonography. Ultrasound should be the initial examination for
      the evaluation of patients with suspected pancreatic disease or epigastric mass.

PMID- 1208853
TI  - Ultrasonic evaluation of pleural opacities.
AB  - Forty-one patients with substantial pleural opacities on chest films were
      examined by A-mode and B-mode ultrasound. Ultrasonic examination provides an
      accurate means of differentiating pleural fluid from other conditions which
      produce such opacities and is superior to the chest films as a means of
      localizing fluid. With the gain setting used in this series, fluid collections
      less than 1 cm thick were missed and were probably obscured by reverberation from
      the ribs. M-mode scanning provides a simple and accurate means of localizing the
      diaphragm in nearly all patients, almost completely eliminating difficulties
      caused by subdiaphragmatic placement of the thoracocentesis needle.

PMID- 1208854
TI  - Echographic evaluation of diaphragmatic motion in intra-abdominal diseases.
AB  - Movement of the diaphragm can be evaluated with diagnostic ultrasound using B-
      and M-mode techniques. Ultrasonic scanning is a highly sensitive method of
      demonstrating generalized or localized abnormalities of diaphragmatic motion and
      is superior to fluoroscopy in several respects. There is no exposure to ionizing
      radiations, and a permanent record of the excursion of the diaphragmatic surface
      is obtained. This method has the additional advantage of providing a two
      dimensional display of the upper abdominal quadrant, which may reveal the nature
      of the underlying disease process.

PMID- 1208855
TI  - The late consequences of successful cancer treatment given children and
      adolescents.
AB  - In managing malignant disease in children, one must keep in mind the unfavorable
      consequences that may be produced by chemotherapy and radiation therapy and which
      may require months or years to become manifest.

PMID- 1208856
TI  - Possible genetic consequences of irradiation of tumors in childhood.
AB  - Dysgenic and radiation-induced types of genetic risks are evaluated for the
      progeny of persons who received childhood tumor therapy. The dysgenic risks may
      be quite high for certain types of tumors. The genetic defects of greatest
      concern following paternal irradiation are likely to be those caused by dominant
      mutations and unbalanced translocations, whereas chromosomal trisomies may be
      most important following maternal irradiation. Ways of alleviating these risks
      are discussed.

PMID- 1208857
TI  - Non-oncogenic sequelae of cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - The delayed effects of anticancer drugs and late complications in 334 long-term
      survivors of childhood cancer were reviewed. Sequelae associated with
      chemotherapy were uncommon. Two men in the series exhibited disorders in
      reproductive function, possibly due to chlorambucil. A third male patient had
      cyclophosphamide-induced hematuria which persisted for two years after cessation
      of therapy. Other abnormalities were renal, hepatic, skeletal and
      cardiopulmonary, ascribed chiefly to radiotherapy, although the deleterious
      effect of drugs on irradiated organs cannot be excluded. The data indicate that
      the skillful and judicious application of chemotherapeutic agents produces a
      minimum of delayed consequences.

PMID- 1208858
TI  - Uterine sarcoma.
AB  - Thirty-four cases of uterine sarcoma were studied with regard to their pathologic
      characteristics and response to treatment. Pathologic features did not always
      correlate with subsequent course. Combined therapy seems to enhance two-year
      survival in endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), although some patients may have
      low-grade tumors and hence represent a more favorable group. Adjuvant irradiation
      may improve local control rates in some mixed mesodermal sarcomas (MMS), but does
      not add appreciably to survival. It is of doubtful benefit in the leiomyosarcoma
      (LMS) group. When irradiation is employed, preoperative therapy is preferred
      except in the highly malignant mixed mesodermal sarcomas where prompt surgery
      seems indicated first. Supplemental brachytherapy may also be employed.

PMID- 1208859
TI  - Exploitation of kinetic differences between normal and malignant cells.
AB  - Some of the differences in the proliferative kinetics of normal and malignant
      tissues may be used to increase radiation damage to tumor cells. Of these various
      possibilities, some are still at a theoretical stage (mainly because there are no
      means of obtaining the needed data) but others, notably those involving a
      combination of cycle-linked chemotherapeutic and/or radiosensitizing drugs with
      radiation, may be exploitable now with the expectation of clinical benefit.

PMID- 1208860
TI  - Cell cycle redistribution as a factor in multifraction irradiation.
AB  - In the redistribution of cells through the division cycle between dose fractions,
      the sensitizing effect is greatest when small doses per fraction are used. Since
      nonproliferating tissues limit the dose in radiotherapy and will not be
      sensitized by redistribution, the more the dose is fractionated and the lower the
      dose per fraction, the better. However, regenerative response in the tumor could
      limit its radiocurability if overall treatment time were protracted. This could
      be circumvented if two or more fractions were given daily, allowing time for
      redistribution; the probability of irradiating cycling cells in sensitive phases
      would then be increased.

PMID- 1208861
TI  - Radiotherapy and chemotherapy: some parallels and differences.
AB  - The effects of exposure to ionizing radiations and to various chemotherapeutic
      agents on the survival of mammalian cells are compared. The relative importance
      of the cells' sensitivity, age response, proliferative state, and degree of
      oxygenation and the contributions of kinetic and repair phenomena are examined.
      Cell killing by high-LET radiations is influenced least by cellular or kinetic
      factors; thus tumors should show a relatively homogeneous response to this
      modality, while time-dose relationships should be of least importance. The
      effectiveness of antimetabolite therapy depends critically on the choice of the
      correct agents and on tailoring drug administration to the kinetics of both
      normal and malignant tissue.

PMID- 1208862
TI  - Cell population kinetics in radiation therapy: relationship of cellular surviving
      fraction to RBE and OER.
AB  - A two-component multitarget model of cellular radiation lethality was used to
      predict the effects of changing LET and oxygenation. It was assumed that with
      high-LET radiations there is a greater probability of direct and irreparable
      events and that hypoxia reduces the number of chemically-mediated indirect and
      reversible events. Cellular surviving fractions, relative biological
      effectiveness, and oxygen enhancement ratios were computed on this basis and
      compared with published experimental data. The model and program were then used
      to generate isoeffect curves for photons and neutrons, oxygenated and anoxic
      states, and various specific tissues and tumors.

PMID- 1208863
TI  - Cell kinetics, models, and cancer treatment--some principles for the radiation
      oncologist.
AB  - The radiation oncologist must attempt to apply the developments in the laboratory
      to the clinical situation in a manner that will result in a therapeutic gain. The
      possible influences of radiation fractionation and protraction, cell renewal and
      recruitment of normal or tumor tissues, differences in acute and late radiation
      effects and possible chemotherapy-radiation interactions are all factors that can
      affect the ultimate result. In order to develop a therapeutic gain, the effect on
      the tumor must be greater than on the normal tissues.

PMID- 1208864
TI  - The prevention of Ehrlich ascites tumor using intraperitoneal colloidal 198Au.
      Dose vs. size of inoculum.
AB  - Previous work has shown that radioactive colloids can cure Ehrlich ascites tumor.
      In this experiment, the dose of colloidal 198Au needed has been correlated with
      the number of tumor cells inoculated. On Day 1, varying numbers of Ehrlich cells
      (10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), 10(6)) were injected intraperitoneally into 310
      BALB/c male mice. Two hours later, varying doses (10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 muCi)
      of 198Au were injected intraperitoneally. Controls were injected with normal
      saline. Generally, the lower cell inoculums and higher doses of 198Au yielded
      better survival rates.

PMID- 1208865
TI  - Instant selective arterial occlusion with isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate.
AB  - Isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate (IBC) delivered selectively in small doses produced
      immediate occlusion of the injected arteries in dogs without significant
      undesired sequelae. In one patient, pelvic hemorrhage was promptly stopped by a
      similar technique. In another patient, who was on chronic renal dialysis and
      judged too ill for nephrectomy, IBC occluded both renal arteries and terminated a
      life-threatening renal protein loss.

PMID- 1208866
TI  - Multiple gastric ulcers: a radiographic sign of benignity?
AB  - Twenty-nine cases of multiple synchronous gastric ulcers are reviewed. Twenty
      three were benign and 6 were malignant. Seven illustrative cases are presented.
      Multiplicity of gastric ulcers is not a reliable sign of benignity and may
      complicate rather than clarify diagnostic evaluation.

PMID- 1208867
TI  - Controversy, alternatives, and decisions in complying with the legal doctrine of
      informed consent.
AB  - The complexities involved in conforming with the legal doctrine of informed
      consent at present are seemingly limitless. This communication is designed to
      acquaint the physician attempting to comply with this legal doctrine with an
      experience gained during the last four years. The major points are aimed at the
      most frequently asked questions and decisions involved in its implementation. An
      alternative approach to the question of how and whom to inform is provided, which
      may make the task easier for those seeking to inform their patients.

PMID- 1208868
TI  - Peliosis hepatitis.
AB  - The angiographic findings in a patient with peliosis hepatitis are described.
      Histologically, multiple blood-filled cystic spaces are seen, often communicating
      with the hepatic sinusoids. There is evidence that steroid therapy may be a
      causative factor. The differential diagnosis is discussed.

PMID- 1208869
TI  - Radiographic evaluation of patients with schistosomiasis.
AB  - Plain films of the abdomen in advanced states of schistosomiasis reveal massive
      splenomegaly without evidence of splenic calcification. The liver may be enlarged
      in the early stages but ultimately decreases and becomes small. Ascites is
      evident in far advanced disease. Chest films are negative in the early stages,
      but in advanced disease, dilated pulmonary arteries, right ventricular
      enlargement, and dilatation of the azygous vein may be recognized. Granulomata
      are seen as multiple small rounded densities scattered throughout both lung
      fields. The routine barium swallow will reveal unsuspected esophageal varices.
      Nine patients were studied preoperatively by panhepatic angiography and 14 post
      operatively following splenorenal shunt. Thrombosis of the shunt and hepatic
      encephalopathy were common postoperative complications.

PMID- 1208870
TI  - Roentgenographic manifestations of methadone-induced pulmonary edema.
AB  - Twenty cases of methadone-induced pulmonary edema confirmed by clinical,
      laboratory and roentgenographic findings were extensively reviewed and the
      roentgenographic manifestations defined in terms of patterns, distribution, and
      duration of the process. Drug tolerance is a major factor in determining the
      severity of toxicity. Roentgenographic clearing in 48 hours or less, clinical
      improvement and pathogen-free sputum aspirates serve to differentiate edema from
      pneumonia.

PMID- 1208872
TI  - Lymphangiographic findings in histoplasmosis.
AB  - The lymphangiographic findings of histoplasmosis in an 11-year-old girl are
      presented and correlated with the histopathology of a mediastinal lymph node.
      Nonconfluent lymphadenographic defects with discrete margins measuring 2-4 mm in
      diameter were seen, corresponding to the microscopic demonstration of nodal
      granulomas of the same size. This is quite different from the lymphadenographic
      pattern usually present in lymphoma but might be seen in certain stages of other
      granulomatosis diseases.

PMID- 1208871
TI  - Coronary vascular patterns during occlusion arteriography.
AB  - The arteriograms from 18 studies in which the catheter accidentally occluded the
      right coronary artery were analyzed and compared with successful studies in 25
      patients with normal coronary arteries and 20 patients with coronary artery
      stenosis. The occlusion arteriograms showed distinct early filling of the
      anterior cardiac veins and occasionally retrograde filling of the left circumflex
      artery. Although there were no serious complications due to occlusion
      arteriography in our patients, the potential for producing ventricular
      tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest must be borne in mind.
      Angiographers should be aware of these filling patterns in order to recognize
      them as artifacts of the technique and not as manifestations of disease.

PMID- 1208873
TI  - Early-onset gouty arthritis.
AB  - Five cases of early-onset gouty arthritis are presented, with roentgenographic
      abnormalities evident in the first two decades of life. Three patients suffered
      from "primary" gout; classification of the other two patients was difficlut
      because of associated mental retardation, hypothyroidism and psoriasis.
      Radiographic alterations included soft-tissue masses and calcification, with
      typical erosive abnormalities and predilection for the hands and feet. The
      sacroiliac joints were abnormal in two patients.

PMID- 1208874
TI  - A positron-emission transaxial tomograph for nuclear imaging (PETT).
AB  - An apparatus was developed for obtaining emission transaxial images of sections
      of organs containing positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals. The detection system
      is a hexagonal array of 24 NaI(T1) detectors connected to coincidence circuits to
      achieve the "electronic" collimation of annihilation photons. The image is formed
      by a computer-applied algorithm which provides quantitative reconstruction of the
      distribution of activity. Computer simulations, phantom and animal studies show
      that this approach is capable of providing images of better contrast and
      resolution than are obtained with scintillation cameras. Advantages of positron
      vs. single photon reconstruction tomography are discussed.

PMID- 1208875
TI  - Gene functions of adenovirus type 12: synthesis of nuclear acidic proteins in
      human embryo kidney cells.

PMID- 1208876
TI  - The development and use of vaccines based on studies of virus substructures.

PMID- 1208877
TI  - The association between measles and multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1208878
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a viral agent from intestinal tissue of
      patients with Crohn's disease and other intestinal disorders.

PMID- 1208879
TI  - Effects of indomethacin and prostaglandin F2alpha on parturition in the hamster.
AB  - In the hamster administration of indomethacin twice a day on days 14 to 16 of
      pregnancy delayed the onset of parturition; a delay of 5 and 8 hours was observed
      following treatments of 300 or 600 mug/injection of indomethacin, respectively.
      Injection of PGF2alpha to the indomethacin treated hamsters on day 15 of
      pregnancy, on the other hand, advanced the onset of parturition. Treatments of
      indomethacin and/or PGF2alpha did not affect the duration of parturition.

PMID- 1208880
TI  - Induction of term labor with intravenous prostaglandin F2alpha (a comparison of
      two dosage schedules).
AB  - The efficacy of intravenous Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) infusion for
      induction of labor in two different dosage schedules was studied in 90 women
      between 36 and 43 weeks of gestation. The rate of PGF2alpha infusion was
      increased at four-hour intervals in 36 women in the low dosage group and every
      hour in 54 women in the high dosage group, never exceeding an infusion rate of 20
      mug/min. in either group. Labor was successfully induced in approximately 90% of
      the patients in each group. There was no statistically significant difference in
      the mean induction-delivery interval between the two groups at the 5 percent
      level. Intravenous PGF2alpha was found to be effective and safe for both mother
      and infant in the dosage schedules used in this study for induction of labor.

PMID- 1208881
TI  - Serial intramuscular injections of 15(S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha in the
      induction of abortion.
AB  - Abortion was successfully induced in 62 of 68 patients in the 9th to the 26th
      week of pregnancy be serial intramuscular administration of 15(S)-15-methyl
      prostaglandin F2alpha (15-ME-PGF2alpha). In 6 patients who failed to abort after
      24 hours of prostaglandin administration, a concomitant infusion of oxytocin was
      initiated; 5 of these patients aborted within 12 hours of the combined therapy. A
      single patient failed to abort, even with the combined therapy, and underwent
      surgical evacuation. The mean abortion time in the 67 successful inductions was
      14.56 hours. Parous patients aborted somewhat fasteter, mean 13.98 hours, as
      compared to nulliparous patients, mean 15.02 hours, but this difference was not
      statistically significant. In this study initial intramuscular injection of 100
      mug 15-ME-PGF2alpha was followed in 1 hour by 250 mug and then 250 mug every 2
      hours with concomitant oxytocin therapy initiated after 24 hours. The results
      with this dose schedule were compared to the results obtained in a previous study
      with a higher dose schedule, an initial dose of 100 mug 15-ME-PGF2alpha, followed
      in 1 hour by 250 mug then 500 mug every 2 hours. There was significant difference
      in the mean abortion time and the incidence of side effects between the 2 dose
      schedules. The mean abortion time for patients with gestational ages 16 weeks and
      less was the same with both dose schedules, however patients with gestational
      ages of 17 weeks and higher aborted somewhat faster with the higher dose
      schedule. It might therefore be advisable for patients with gestations of 17
      weeks and higher to be treated with the higher dose schedule. In earlier
      gestations patients could be started on the  lower schedule, and if abortion had
      not occurred within 15 hours the dose of 15-ME-PGF2alpha could then be increased
      to 500 mug every 2 hours.

PMID- 1208882
TI  - Induction of midtrimester abortion by serial intravaginal administration of 15(S)
      15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha (THAM) suppositories.
AB  - Midtrimester abortion was successfully induced in 13 of 22 patients by serial
      intravaginal administration of 15(S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha (THAM)
      suppositories. Nine patients, 4 nulliparas and 5 multiparas, failed to abort
      after 24 hours of prostaglandin administration and a concomitant infusion of
      oxytocin was initiated. Seven of the nine patients aborted within 7 hours of the
      combined therapy and one patient on methadone maintainence aborted after 17.5
      hours of combined therapy, 41.5 hours after the first dose of prostaglandin. A
      single patient failed to abort, despite the concomitant prostaglandin-oxytocin
      administration and underwent surgical evacuation. The mean abortion time for the
      21 successful abortions was 22.56 hours. Nulliparous patients aborted somewhat
      faster, mean 21.79 hours, than multiparous patients, mean 23.80 hours, but this
      difference was not statistically significant. In this study, one patient aborted
      in less than 12 hours, and 62% of the successful cases aborted within 24 hours.
      The plasma levels of 15-ME-PGF2alpha were analyzed by radioimmunoassay in 10
      patients. Plasma prostaglandin levels rose significantly 30 minutes after the
      insertion of the first suppository, but there was a wide variation in levels from
      patient to patient. It was observed that the 2 patients with the highest levels
      had the fastest abortion times and episodes of gastro-intestinal side effects
      appeared related to a rise in prostaglandin levels. Sixty-four percent of the
      patients in this study had no gastro-intestinal side effect related to
      prostaglandin administration.

PMID- 1208883
TI  - Prostaglandin levels in endometrial jet wash specimens in patients with
      dysmenorrhea before and after indomethacin therapy.
AB  - A patient with functional primary dysmenorrhea of over two years duration was
      subjected to the endometrial jet wash technique during the period of active
      menstrual flow. Prostaglandin F analysis of the jet washings revealed
      significantly elevated levels during menstruation over normal control levels.
      Following indomethacin therapy, jet wash prostaglandin F levels were dramatically
      reduced and the patient became asymptomatic. A cause and effect relationsship
      between prostaglandin F and dysmenorrhea is suggested by these studied.

PMID- 1208884
TI  - Prostaglandin F levels in endometrial jet wash specimens during the normal human
      menstrual cycle.
AB  - The Gravlee endometrial jet wash technique has been used to collect uterine fluid
      in normal human volunteers for Prostaglandin F analysis throughout the human
      menstrual cycle. Uterine washings so obtained demonstrated a cyclicity in
      prostaglandin F content with low concentrations found during the proliferative
      phase and a 3-4 fold rise occurring during the secretory phase. Menstrual fluid
      prostaglandin F content collected with the jet wash technique gave the highest
      total concentrations.

PMID- 1208885
TI  - Anti-implantation effect of prostaglandins in the rat.
AB  - PGF2alpha and PGE2 have been instilled in small amounts (5mug) into the uterine
      horns of pregnant rats at different intervals following mating. Unilateral as
      well as bilateral injections have been used. Three parameters have been taken
      into consideration at laparotomy performed on the 13th day of pregnancy: a) the
      number of implantation sites; b) the number of viable fetuses; and c) the number
      of corpora lutea present on the ovarian surface. Both PGs proved able to inhibit
      implantation, to affect the development of embryos and to exert some luteolytic
      activity when given between D-1 and D-6 of pregnancy.

PMID- 1208888
TI  - Effects of prostaglandins of the E-series on pulmonary and systemic circulations
      of newborn goats during normoxia and hypoxia.
AB  - Effects of exogenous prostaglandins of the E-series on pulmonary and systemic
      circulations of newborn goats were investigated during normoxia and hypoxia.
      Pulmonary arterial infusion of prostaglandins E1 and E2 decreased pulmonary
      vascular resistance 20% and 14%, respectively, without systemic effects.
      Prostaglandin E1 abolished the pulmonary pressor response to hypoxia.
      Prostaglandin E2 was less effective in counteracting this hypoxic response. The
      increased pulmonary vascular resistance and augmented response to hypoxia
      following indomethacin administration was reversed by prostaglandin E1. Infusion
      of prostaglandin E1 directly into the pulmonary circulation may be of benefit to
      the distressed newborn with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance.

PMID- 1208887
TI  - Changes in prostaglandin concentration in blood subjected to repetitive freezing
      and thawing.
AB  - Successive freezing and thawing of whole blood results in a consistently higher
      yield of various prostaglandin (PG) compounds. Evaluations were made with
      radioimmunological assay. The increase in PG concentrations seems to be more
      associated with cell fragmentation and not with the dissociation of albumin-PG
      complex. Our data suggest that there may be some dissociation of non-albumin-PG
      complexes. Artifactually high PG concentrations due to in vitro PG synthetase
      activity appears minimal at least with respect to indomethacin blocking of this
      enzyme. There are, in general, only slight differences in PG concentrations in
      samples with and without indomethacin.

PMID- 1208886
TI  - Stimulation and inhibition of biosynthesis of prostaglandins in human skin by
      some hydroxyethylated rutosides.
AB  - The effect of some hydroxyethylated rutosides on the biosynthesis of
      prostaglandins was studied in the microsomal fraction of human skin homogenates.
      Microsomes were incubated with mono-0-hydroxyethyl-7-rutoside (mono-7-HR), di-0
      hydroxyethyl-7',4-rutoside (di-HR), tri-0-hydroxyethyl-7,3',4'-rutoside (tri
      7,3',4'-HR), tetra-0-hydroxyethyl-5,7,3',4'-rutoside (tetra-HR) and a mixture of
      hydroxyethylated compounds (HR). Prostaglandins were determined by bioassay after
      organic solvent extraction and silicic acid chromatography of the incubates. Mono
      7-HR, di-HR and HR stimulated the biosynthesis. In contrast, tri-7,3',4'-HR and
      tetra-HR inhibited the formation of prostaglandins. Previously effects have been
      reported on inflammatory reactions and aggregation of thrombocytes by these
      compounds. Some of these effects may be explained by changes in the biosynthesis
      of prostaglandins.

PMID- 1208889
TI  - [Concepts and advantages of short tests in psychopathology].
AB  - The term 'short test' (Kurztest) can signify a number of diverse concepts. An
      attempt was made to arrange these concepts systematically. This may have
      practical significance, as short tests in psychopathology assume growing
      importance and the terminology for purposes of communication will become more
      differentiated and precise. Short tests need not be of lower quality than normal
      procedures. On the contrary, particularly in the area of psychopathology, short
      tests can have a higher validity and reliability.

PMID- 1208890
TI  - [Group experiment to investigate judgement-convergence and the assessment of
      reality in schizophrenics presented with visual stimuli].
AB  - Eight acute schizophrenics were examined individually and in groups as to their
      congruence of judgement and as to their accuracy in estimations in response to
      various visual stimuli; they were compared in these respects with neurotics. The
      analysis of variance of the power of judgement showed: (a) there was no
      difference in the two groups of patients beyond what could be expected by chance
      alone, and (b) the congruence of judgement was the same in both groups. The
      analysis of variance of the accuracy in estimations showed that with increasing
      numbers of stimuli in the visual field the schizophrenics became less and less
      precise in their estimates. It was demonstrated under what conditions social
      psychological findings can be applied to schizophrenic psychoses.

PMID- 1208891
TI  - [Delirium metabolicum and rigid involutional depression in older age].
AB  - A melancholic-schizophrenic mixed psychosis is described in a 64-year-old man. It
      was diagnosed as a 'rigid (or catatonic) involutional depression' (Medow, 1922),
      showing besides hypochondriacal, nihilistic and micromanic delusions, a transient
      delusional syndrome of 'Delirium metabolicum' (Mendel, 1902), with zo-anthropy.
      An attempt was made to avoid the differential diagnostic classification of that
      clinical picture into involutional melancholia (296.0) and paranoid psychosis of
      involutional age (197.1) which, as in so many psychoses of the older age groups,
      is quite inadequate. Thus the psychopathological phenomena of the psychosis,
      which after all are the only reliable data, were attributed on the one hand to
      the senile deterioration and slight but demonstrable arteriosclerosis of the
      brain, and on the other hand, to the conspicuous premorbid characteristics which
      correspond to an anankastic psychopathy with a depressive-inadequate basic mood.
      It was considered as likely that the Delirium metabolicum represented an
      exogenous (organic) psychotic syndrome, and that the precipitation of the
      psychosis as well as its development into an enfeebled endstate was due to an
      organic brain lesion, while the catatoniformpsychomotor phenomena and the
      melancholic stupor were crystalisations of traits in the premorbid personality.

PMID- 1208892
TI  - [Aggresive acts of psychiatric inpatients as reported by nursing staff. A
      retrospective study].
AB  - Method. Questionnaire method with reconstruction of the serious incidents by
      interview and documents. Results. 253 members of staff remembered 626 aggressive
      acts which happened to them in the course of a year. Slight acts were caused more
      often by women than by men, and were directed more frequently against the junior
      than the senior staff - contrasting in both points with the serious acts. One in
      every four qualified nurses over the age of 50 shows today a verifiable physical
      defect resulting from an aggressive act by a patient at one time or another. The
      clinical-psychological and therapeutic background and consequences of aggressive
      incidences are briefly presented.

PMID- 1208893
TI  - [Methylphenidate addiction--Reversal of effect on withdrawal].
AB  - A case history of a prolonged ritalin addiction (18 years) is given, describing
      the symptoms and the diagnostic categorisation. Because of the remarkable,
      somewhat atypical withdrawal symptoms, it is suggested to conceive these
      withdrawal symptoms as an expression of a 'reversal of effect on withdrawal' in
      the sense of a continuing, independent manifestation of counter regulatory,
      protective and specific mechanisms.

PMID- 1208894
TI  - [Long-term EEG investigations at the withdrawal of young polytoxicomanic
      addicts].
AB  - Serial EEG examinations (an average of three recordings in 14 weeks) are reported
      from adolescent inpatients (19 in number) who had been weaned of multiple drug
      abuse of an average duration of 2 years. At first examination seven had a normal
      EEG, 11 had a moderately abnormal EEG, and one had a markedly abnormal one. At
      final examination 13 had a normal EEG, five had a moderately abnormal EEG and
      three had definitely abnormal EEG's. The majority of the patients showed a
      decrease (significant at the 5% level), others an increase in EEG abnormalities.
      The relationship between the EEG changes in the course of the series on the one
      hand and the previous drug abuses is discussed.

PMID- 1208895
TI  - [Distribution of hepatitis B antigen in Cordoba, Argentina].
AB  - This article presents the results obtained in the search for the hepatitis B
      antigen by the counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique in sera of more than
      50.000 persons from Cordoba, Argentina. Groups of voluntary blood donors, general
      population, 20 years old army recruits, patients, with acute hepatitis and
      patients admitted to a hospital due to other diseases were included in this
      study. In the apparenly healthy population the positivity of the test ranged
      between 0.33 to 0.53 percent; the highest rate was found among the recruits. In
      the group of patients with acute hepatitis, 38.53% of the sera were positive. No
      statistically significant differences were observed in the monthly distribution
      of the hepatitis B antigen during the period of study. These results are compared
      with those found by other workers in different countries. This study shows the
      importance of the early detection of the hepatitis B antigen in blood donors, to
      reduce the incidence of hepatitis transmitted by transfusions. The importance of
      establishing centers for the standardization and control of reagents, as well as
      for the training of laboratory personnel is emphasized.

PMID- 1208896
TI  - [Nocardia isolated from the respiratory tract].
AB  - Twelve strains of Nocardia isolated from sputa, bronchial washings and pleural
      fluids, were studied. The classification was based on the following
      characteristics: a) acid-fastness; 2) ability to disolve crystals of tyrosine and
      xantine; 3) hydrolysis of casein; 4) growth in dilute gelatin medium (0.4%) and
      5) galactose acidification. Direct cultivation of the clinical material in Czapek
      liquid culture medium without carbon source and containing a paraffin rod
      (pariffin-bait technic), as well as the routin T.B. sputum digestion and
      concentration with NaOH solution followed by its cultivation in Loewenstein's
      medium, were employed for the isolation of Nocardia. The sensitivity of the
      strains to tuberculostatic drugs was investigated using the Canetti's method, as
      was the ability to growth in Sabouraud and lactrimel culture media supplemented
      with 100 mug/ml of rifamycin. Finally the pathogenicity test was carried out by
      intraperitoneal and intramuscular inoculation in guinea-pigs. All the strains
      were classified as Nocardia asteroides. Seven starins were isolated from patiens
      with lung conditions of no nocardial etiology. The diagnosis of nocardiosis of
      the lung was demonstrated in the remaining five patiens by microscopical
      observation of Nocardia in clinical specimens, by the repeated cultures obtained
      from these materials and, finally, by the fact that an improvement of the
      clinical symptomatology was obtained by sulfa administration.

PMID- 1208897
TI  - [Serologic survey on human leptospirosis in Argentina].
AB  - This paper presents the results obtained with the sera of persons having direct
      or indirect contact with ethiological agents of leptospirosis. Exposure could
      have ocurred during the performance of their duties, by contact with contaminated
      habitats and/or animals. One thousand thirty eight sera from persons living in
      different regions of Argentina were received at the laboratory and studied by the
      microscopic agglutination tecnique. Of these, 164 were positive (15.7%) to
      serveral serotypes. One hundred thirty eight sera of the 857 males studied
      (16.1%) were positive, and 16 out of 173 female sera (15%) were positive. Males
      between 31 and 40 years of age had the highest proportion of positives (21.7%);
      however, among females the group between 21 and 30 years of age had the highest
      rate (14.2%). Most of the sera reacted to L. brastislava (15%), followed by L.
      icterohaemorrhagiae (17.7%) and L. butembo (14%), with nine other serotypes at
      lower rates.

PMID- 1208898
TI  - [Extreme halofilic bacteria. I. General properties chemical composition and
      structure].

PMID- 1208899
TI  - [Experimental Junin virus infection in the mouse: rototype of the disease].
AB  - As previously postulated, the pathological changes which develop in 1-4 day old
      mice after intracerebral inoculation of 1-1000 DL50 of Junin virus prototype
      strain (XJ), was designated as experimental hemorrhagic fever of the mouse EHFm.
      In this paper, virus distribution, hematological alterations, interferon and
      circulating antibody responses are described. A mortality of 93.45% occurred
      between 9 and 20 days post-infection (p.i.), with 81.6% of death occurring
      between 11 and 18 days p.i. This last period can be considered to be the critical
      period of the disease. The study of virus distribution shows that the brain,
      where the virus was inoculated, was the only place where virus could be detected
      48 hs, p.i. Four days p.i., the titer in the brain increased remarkably and virus
      was detected in the blood. Virus, within the same values, could be isolated up to
      the 10th. day. Invasion of liver and spleen occurred on the 10th. and 15th. days
      p.i., respectively (Fig. 1). The onset of clinical symptoms coincided with
      widespread disemination of the virus. CF antibodies were found only 15 days p.i.,
      with a titer of 1/64. Neutralizing antibodies remained below detection levels
      during the whole experiment (Fig. 1). Surviving mice (6.3%) had high circulating
      antibody titers 40 days p.i. This result would indicate that the morobidity of
      EHFm is aproximately 100% (Table 1). Poor interferon response was registered in
      all the organs examined, indicating a low intereron producing ability for Junin
      virus6. Total leukocytes and lymphocyte counts showed a slight tendecy to drop,
      although the values were within normal range during the first ten days (Table 2,
      Fig 1). On day 14 p.i., a statistically significant decrease (p less than 0.001)
      was found. This leuko-lymphopaenia continued until death of the animals. It is
      expected that the data presente here would contribute to a better understanding
      of the Junin virus infection in the newborn mouse, the experimental animal used.

PMID- 1208900
TI  - [Correlation between intradermal reaction and immunoelectrophoresis in human
      hydatidosis].
AB  - The results obtained by the immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) aand Casoni intradermal
      (IDR) tests in a group of 50 hydatidosis patients in which the presence of cysts
      was later confirmed at surgery, are analyzed. The sensitivity of the IEP test was
      74%; the IDR test was positive in 54% of these patients and there was no
      correlation between the results of the two tests in 24% of the cases. The low
      sensitivity observed for the IDR test, its known nonspecificity and its poor
      correlation with IEP test results do not enable us to recommend its use for the
      diagnosis of hydatid disease or for the selection of cases in which an
      immunodiagnostic confirmation is feasible. This recommendation would be possible
      if appropriate antigens regarding specificity and reactivity were available, and
      could be employed with standardized methods to read and evaluate cutaneous
      reactivity.

PMID- 1208901
TI  - [Fishing seawater microbiology of the Mar de Plata].
AB  - This work deals with different groups of microorganisms in the polluted water of
      the fishery section of Mar del Plata harbour and in the way followed by the
      fisher's boats. Bacteriological determinations were: total count, MPN of
      coliforms, proteolitic and anaerobic bacteria. These groups were selected because
      of their activity in fish spoilage and/or infection. The microbial groups were
      studied as follows: direct plate count for total number, most probable number
      (MPN) for coliforms and fecal type strains according with Mc Crady tables;
      proteolitic and anaerobic bacteria were cualitatively tested, cuantitative
      determinations are given in two tables. Obtained results show a heavy water
      pollution that rapidly decreases towards the harbour entrance.

PMID- 1208902
TI  - [Effect of rotting corn straw on the development of bacteria of the Azotobacter
      group].
AB  - The effects of the addition of ground maize straw, nitrogen compounds, ground
      lucern and water to soils incubated at 30 degrees C in Erlenmeyer flasks, on
      Azotobacter chroococcum growth have been studied. The results showed that the
      highest number of Azotobacter in soils treated with different percentage of
      ground maize straw without addition of nitrogen compounds and with water at 100%
      field capacity appeared as soon as the 5th day, reaching a maximun on the 20th
      day when the following numbers of bacteria were observed: control, 1,5 times
      20(6); straw 1% 30 times 10(6),  2%, 33 times 10(6) and 4%, 77 times 10(6) per
      gram of air dried soil. This enables us to assume that the anaerobic
      decomposition of straw (cellulose and hemicellulose principally) in nature leads
      to the indirect utilization of its energy for a high asymbiotic microbiogical
      soil fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.

PMID- 1208903
TI  - [Action of thyroid hormones on the calorigenic effect of adrenaline].
AB  - The present investigation was undertaken in order to appraise the interaction
      between thyroxine and epinephrine in dogs exposed to acute cold. In normal, then
      successively thyroidectomized, adrenal demedullated and thyroxine restored dogs,
      epinephrine was infused in basal condition and during acute cold exposure. In
      thyroidectomized dogs epinephrine lost its calorigenic effects. So it did in
      thyroidectomized and adrenal demedullated dogs. Conversely, when dogs were
      restored in thyroxine, epinephrine recovered its calorigenic effect. Evidence for
      thyroxine-catecholamine interaction can be seen in basal condition as during
      acute cold. Nevertheless, this interaction is more obvious during shivering
      thermogenesis.

PMID- 1208904
TI  - [Biochemical study of cultured hepatocytes obtained from normal adult rats].
AB  - A method has been developed for the preparation of hepatocytes that contained
      98.6% of that cell type with a yield of 50%. No change was detected in the DNA
      content per nucleus but losses were noted in RNA and proteins in freshly isolated
      hepatocytes. The hepatocytes have been kept alive for long periods in suspension
      or static cultures without any mitoses being observed. However DNA content
      doubled over a period of two weeks. This level was maintained during the third
      week. Tritiated thymidine incorportation similarly increased for a period of two
      weeks and then remained constant. RNA content went down rapidly to one fourth of
      the original level and remained unchanged thereafter. The protein content did not
      vary significantly. Incorporation of labelled leucine into proteins has also been
      measured at various periods of time following isolation of the cells. Even after
      62 days in suspension culture, the hepatocytes continued to incorporate leucine
      into proteins. The incorporation of leucine proceeded through the normal pathway
      since the presence of t-RNA-bond-leucine was observed. The results reported here
      suggest that the hepatocytes are arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

PMID- 1208905
TI  - [The effect of pretreatment with enzyme inducers on the acute toxicity of DDT (1,
      1-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane) in rats].
AB  - A study was undertaken to investigate the influence of various hepatic enzyme
      inducers on the acute toxicity of the organohalogenated insecticide DDT. Adult
      female rats were pretreated with sodium phenobarbital (50 mg/kg/day during 5
      days), 3-methylocholanthrene (20 mg/kg/day during 3 days), and norethandrolone
      (20 mg/kg/day during 14 days), and were then given 150 mk/kg of DDT per os.
      Phenobarbital was shown to lower the toxicity of DDT, norethandrolone had the
      opposite effect, and 3-methylcholanthrene was without any significant effect.
      After a phenobarbital pretreatment, the cerebral concentration of DDT was
      lowered, possibly as a result of an increased biotransformation of DDT to DDD in
      the liver. On the other hand, norethandrolone did not appear to modify the
      hepatic conversion of DDT to DDD, nor the cerebral concentration of DDT. Further
      studies are needed to explain the potentiating effect of norethandrolone on the
      acute toxicity of DDT.

PMID- 1208906
TI  - RNA profile of blood cells from LSD-affected persons.
AB  - This work shows the existence of differences in RNA profiles as obtained from
      blood cells of two LSD-affected persons. These had received slightly different
      concentrations of LSD yet their RNA profiles between them, and those of control
      patients, are remarkably different, especially regarding the 4S peaks. Further
      work is now being done in our laboratory in order to understand the meaning of
      these important differences.

PMID- 1208908
TI  - [Septic shock. I. Clinical and physiopathological aspects].

PMID- 1208907
TI  - Fine structure of chick embryonic parathyroid glands cultured on media with
      different concentrations of calcium.
AB  - An electron microscopical study of parathyroid glands from 13-day old chick
      embryos cultured for 2 days on media with different concentrations of calcium was
      conducted. The same as in non-cultured embryonic glands, the cells in all
      cultures contained a moderate amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum and a large
      Golgi complex with many cisternae, vacuoles, vesicles, coated vesicles and small
      prosecretory granules. In addition, large secretory granules, which are very rare
      in the non-cultured controls appeared frequently in the cultures and were
      especially numerous in the glands cultured on high-calcium medium. The fact that
      the amount of secretory granules varied according to the concentration of calcium
      in the medium is interpreted as indicating that the rate of parathyroid hormone
      secretion in the embryo is already responsive to variations in the concentration
      of calcium. To the extent that in vitro results may be accepted as representative
      of what happens in vivo these results support the idea that the embryonic gland
      may be controlled by variations in the calcemia as the adult gland does.

PMID- 1208909
TI  - [Lipemic profile of a fluorosic population].

PMID- 1208910
TI  - [Effects of electroconvulsive shock on renin activity and plasma electrolytes].

PMID- 1208911
TI  - [Access to the circulation in periodic hemodialysis. Our experience].

PMID- 1208912
TI  - [Splenic hydatidosis. Report of 3 cases].

PMID- 1208913
TI  - [Chylous ascites: an unusual complication of peritoneal dialysis].

PMID- 1208914
TI  - [Obstetrical brachial paralysis. Review of our cases].

PMID- 1208915
TI  - [Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, apropos of a case].

PMID- 1208916
TI  - [Hereditary coproporphyria. Contribution of a case].

PMID- 1208917
TI  - [Autoimmune hemolytic anemia as 1st manifestation of a systemic disease].

PMID- 1208918
TI  - Hygiene of children and adolescents.

PMID- 1208919
TI  - Food hygiene and nutrition.

PMID- 1208921
TI  - Advances in radiation hygiene.

PMID- 1208920
TI  - Development of occupational health in the CSSR.

PMID- 1208922
TI  - [Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Ethiopia: preliminary serological survey].

PMID- 1208923
TI  - [Attempted induction of acquired resistance to Fasciola gigantica infestation].

PMID- 1208924
TI  - [Inhibition of the development of larvae of Cooperia punctata and Cooperia
      pectinata in zebus of Niger].

PMID- 1208925
TI  - [Experimental cyclic transmission of certain pathogenic African trypanosomes].

PMID- 1208927
TI  - [Activities of Glossina tachinoides W. (V)].

PMID- 1208926
TI  - [Resting sites of Glossina tachinoides W. (IV)].

PMID- 1208929
TI  - [Some aspects of reproduction of the reddish brown goats of Maradi. Comparison
      with other tropical and subtropical breeds].

PMID- 1208928
TI  - [Structure of populations of Glossina tachinoides W. at the Kalamaloue Reserve].

PMID- 1208930
TI  - [Prolonged curarization with pancuronium].

PMID- 1208931
TI  - [Problems of anesthesia and resuscitation in hip prosthesis].

PMID- 1208932
TI  - [Care and complications of tracheotomy].

PMID- 1208933
TI  - [Tracheobronchial aspiration].

PMID- 1208934
TI  - [Electroencephalographic study of the action of ethrane on the central nervous
      system].

PMID- 1208935
TI  - [Diagnosis of the patient in shock at admission to intensive care].

PMID- 1208936
TI  - [Anesthesia in congenital cardiopathies].

PMID- 1208937
TI  - [Submersion in salt water. Treatment and clinico-biological correlation].

PMID- 1208938
TI  - [Intravenous regional analgesia of the extremities, modification of the Bier
      technic].

PMID- 1208939
TI  - [Editorial: Genetics and heart].

PMID- 1208940
TI  - [Peripheral block of the right branch of the bundle of His].

PMID- 1208941
TI  - [Heart surgery with deep hypothermia and circulation interruption in the 1st year
      of life].

PMID- 1208942
TI  - [Clinical study of tricuspid atresia. Apropos of 29 cases].

PMID- 1208943
TI  - [Left bundle branch block associated with peripheral block of the right branch.
      Experimental study on dogs].

PMID- 1208944
TI  - [Constrictive pericarditis. Review of our cases].

PMID- 1208945
TI  - [Sinus node and extracoronary auricular circulation in the rat. III. Changes in
      the atrioventricular conduction caused by acute ischemia of the right atrium].

PMID- 1208947
TI  - [Vectorcardiogram in lower anteroseptal myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1208946
TI  - [Transesophageal auricular stimulation as the diagnostic method of coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1208948
TI  - [Retrograde auricular mechanism in patients with artificial pacemaker].

PMID- 1208949
TI  - [Experimental reproduction of Hirschprung' disease with chronic colonic
      ischemia].

PMID- 1208950
TI  - [Renal clearance of glucuronized fractions of the bilirubin in various jaundices.
      IV. Jaundice caused by chronic diffuse liver diseases].

PMID- 1208951
TI  - [Hypogammaglobulinemia and malabsorption syndrome. Apropos of 8 cases].

PMID- 1208952
TI  - [Rectal prolapse. Original contribution to surgical treatment].

PMID- 1208953
TI  - [Familial colic polyposis. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 1208954
TI  - [Primary sarcoma of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1208955
TI  - [Intrahepatic cholestasis].

PMID- 1208957
TI  - [Gastric emptying by the double sample test in normal an duodenal ulcer
      patients].

PMID- 1208956
TI  - [Duodeno-biliary junction (manometric study)].

PMID- 1208958
TI  - [Action of pentagastrin and histamine on the gastric emptying of distilled water,
      measure by the double sample test].

PMID- 1208959
TI  - [Benign gastric tumors. Any progress? Review of 54 cases].

PMID- 1208960
TI  - [Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEO)].

PMID- 1208961
TI  - [Diagnostic use of fibrogastroscopy in the operated stomach].

PMID- 1208962
TI  - [Congenital duodenal diphragm. Contribution of a case and review of the
      literature].

PMID- 1208963
TI  - [Recurrent perforations caused by typhoid fever].

PMID- 1208965
TI  - [Analysis of the factors QEX and SEX in the evaluation of examination results
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208964
TI  - [Intracranial air in brain abscess (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208966
TI  - [Resection of the neuro-central joint and liberation of the vertebral artery in
      certain cases of cervical spondylosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208967
TI  - [Traitment of fractures of cervical spine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208968
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of the orbit (author's transl)].

PMID- 1208969
TI  - [New aspects of connective tissue: its role in the understanding of the pathology
      of the locomotor system].

PMID- 1208970
TI  - Cardiac metabolism and electromechanics of human heart.
AB  - The effects of substrates on the metabolic inhibitor-induced changes in the
      action potential and contraction of papillary muscles obtained from patients
      undergoing corrective open-heart surgery were studied. Anoxia produced a marked
      shortening of the action potential duration and a decrease in the resting
      potential, rate of rise of action potential, effective refractory period, and
      contractility. In anoxic muscle, although glucose completely restored the action
      potential duration, effective refractory period, and resting potential to control
      levels, it was unable to completely restore the contractility to the control
      level. Substrate depletion and metabolic inhibitors (iodoacetate, dinitrophenol)
      produced effects similar to that of anoxia, but at a faster rate. Glucose
      restored the action potential and, to a lesser extent, contractility to the
      control level in dinitrophenol-treated muscle but was ineffective in so doing the
      iodoacetate-treated muscle. Pyruvate, however, was effective in restoring the
      action potential and contracility in iodoacetate-treated muscle. Pretreatment of
      the muscle with glucose and, particularly, with glucose plus insulin prevented
      the combined effects of anoxia and lack of glucose on the action potential and
      contractility for a prolonged period. These results suggest that intravenous
      infusion of glucose and insulin before and during surgery might prevent or
      reduced the effect of anoxia on the electrical and mechanical activity of the
      heart during open-heart surgery.

PMID- 1208971
TI  - Metabolic indicators of myocardial ischemia in man.
AB  - Myocardial metabolism had been studied in 54 patients with continuous sampling of
      arterial (A) and coronary sinus (CS) blood during 8- to 10-min periods of control
      in sinus rhythm, rapid atrial pacing and recovery. The results showed that 17
      subjects were normal or had insignificant coronary artery disease (CAD;
      nonischemic group = NI); 37 patients had significant CAD (ischemic group = 1) and
      developed clinical, hemodynamic, and electrocardographic evidence of myocardial
      ischemia during pacing, characterized by angina, elevated left ventricular end
      diastolic pressure, and depressed ST segments. During pacing-induced ischemia the
      following metabolic abnormalities were detected: (1) myocardial anaerobiosis
      indicated by lactate % uptake ((A-CS)/AS X 100) of -17.2 +/- 5.0% (mean +/- SE);
      (2) myocardial loss of K+ suggested by an A-CS difference of -0.25 +/- 0.08
      mEq/liter (N=18); (3) small but significant loss of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) of 
      1.0 +/- 1.4% (N=18); and (4) elevation of CS blood creatine phosphokinase
      activity (N=5). These metabolic abnormalities were temporally related to the
      other manifestations of myocardial ischemia and were not seen in the NI; Lactate
      production and Pi loss occurred in 75 and 55% of the IG, respectively, suggesting
      that accelerated anaerobic glycolysis was the best indicator of myocardial
      ischemia in man. K+ loss was an unreliable index in this experimental situation,
      since tachycardia alone caused significant K+ egress from the heart. Lactate
      production and K+ loss were reduced by nitroglycerin, which abolished angina and
      improved hemodynamics and electrocardiographic manifestations. That these
      metabolic abnormalities were not observed in all 1 patients may have been related
      to methodology, the random distribution of CAD, and the fact that the chemical
      composition of the CS blood reflects the metabolic balance of both well
      oxygenated and ischemic areas of the myocardium.

PMID- 1208972
TI  - Hemodynamic and metabolic responses to pacing in patients with chest pain and
      normal coronary arteriograms.
AB  - Hemodynamic and metabolic responses to pacing from either the coronary sinus or
      right atrium were evaluated in 41 patients with chest pain and normal coronary
      arteriograms. A group of patients (group II) with angina, lactate production, or
      significant ST segment depression had a significantly higher mean pulmonary
      capillary pressure on peak pacing or angina than did a group of patients
      considered to have a normal pacing response (group I). In 6 of 9 group II
      patients, the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure either rose abnormally with
      pacing or was greater than 14 mm Hg immediately after pacing and resembled that
      of a group of patients with coronary artery disease; Patients with a prolapsing
      mitral valve (group III) also had a significantly higher pulmonary capillary
      pressure on peak pacing as compared to those of group I, although abnormal left
      ventricular pressure responses occurred in only 2 of 9 of these patients. The
      stroke index was significantly lower in group III on peak pacing while group II
      was no different from group I. Lactate production occurred in 6 of 9 group II
      patients. However, only 1 of 6 patients with a prolapsing mitral valve who were
      studied for lactate production was found to produce lactate, suggesting a
      different mechanism for their pain.

PMID- 1208973
TI  - Lipid droplets in the heart interstitium: concentration and distribution.
AB  - A morphological study of the sudanophilic lipids in dog and human hearts was
      carried out. The hearts of 5 mongrel dogs and 20 auricular appendices of human
      patients were utilized. The dog hearts were fixed in situ by perfusion with 2%
      glutaraldehyde, and the human tissue was fixed by immersion. For the
      ultrastructural study, some blocks of every portion of the specimen were
      postfixed in osmium and embedded in Epon. The topographical and quantitative
      study was done on frozen 20-mu sections of tissue stained with Sudan IV in
      propylene glycol and counterstained with hematein (Geigy). The results indicate
      that a significant quantity of visible triglycerides is extracellular and located
      in the interstitial spaces of the heart. The dimensions of these lipid droplets
      vary from 0.5 mu to more than 20 mu. The highest concentration was found in the
      epicardial region of the left ventricle, but a significant amount was found in
      the endocardium and in the middle portion of the myocardium. These observations
      indicate that a sizable portion of the heart interstitium is occupied by free
      droplets of triglycerides. This substrate pool is probably mobile and readily
      available as a source of energy.

PMID- 1208974
TI  - Comparison of changes in myocardial balances of lactate, glucose potassium, and
      inorganic phosphate during pacing-induced angina.
AB  - During an atrial pacing test, a correlative study in myocardial lactate, glucose,
      potassium, and inorganic phosphate balances was done in 34 patients with clinical
      evidence of ischemic heart disease. Electrocardiogram was continuously monitored
      while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was measured before and
      immediately after pacing. Coronary angiograms performed after the pacing test
      revealed atherosclerotic narrowings in all patients. During pacing, 16 patients
      developed anginal pain, and their LVEDP increased significantly. The other 18
      patients had no angina and no significant change in LVEDP. In these 18 patients,
      there were no significant changes throughout the pacing study in myocardial
      balances of lactate, glucose, potassium, and inorganic phosphate. In contrast,
      the 16 patients with induced angina during pacing showed a significant myocardial
      production of lactate and a loss of potassium. Myocardial inorganic phosphate
      loss was not statistically significant. There was no significant change in
      myocardial glucose extraction during angina, although a slight increase was
      observed during the 1st min afer pacingmthere was no correlation between the
      arterial concentration and the myocardial extraction of these substances. N
      stoichiometric relationship was found between glucose and lactate or between
      potassium and inorganic phospahte balance; Myocardial extraction and production
      of lactate correlated best with inorganic phosphate uptake and loss. In the
      preset study, lactate was a more reliable metabolic indicator of myocardial
      ischemia than potassium and inorganic phosphate, although these last two
      substances may be helpful in acheiving a greater accuracy for biochemical
      diagnosis of ischemia. Myocardial glucose balance was of no value as a metabolic
      indicator of ischemia in this pacing study.

PMID- 1208975
TI  - Myocardial cell electrolytes and water during acute ischemia.
AB  - This study was intended to define the early early electrolyte and water
      abnormalities of ischemic myocardium in the intact anesthetized dog. We have
      defined the appropriate circumstances for using 52Cr-ethyelendiamineletraacetate
      as an extracellular marker during ischemia and have discerned no change in this
      space at a time when tissue water increments were observed, by 15 min of
      ischemia. Calculated on the basis of cell dry weight, the cell sodium increment
      exceeded potassium loss in this early period of ischemia. This is consistent with
      the view that interference with energy metabolism reduces the pumping of sodium
      from the cell. The enhanced entry of sodium is associated with a gain of water,
      initiating events that effect irreversibility.

PMID- 1208976
TI  - Regional myocardial metabolism during subtotal and total coronary artery
      occlusion.
AB  - Regional myocardial metabolism was examined by means of coronary venous sampling
      in dogs having acute nonsimultaneous occlusions of the left anterior descending
      (LAD) and circumflex (CIRC) coronary arteries. Regional coronary venous metabolic
      sampling was not found to separate ischemic from nonischemic myocardium in LAD
      occlusion and did so imperfectly in isolated CIRC occlusion. Myocardial metabolic
      consequences of subtotal and total coronary artery occlusion were compared in
      dogs during LAD and CIRC occlusion and in human subjects with subtotal and total
      anterior coronary artery occlusion. In spite of ECG evidence of greater
      myocardial ischemia during total coronary artery occlusion in the dog,
      transmyocardial metabolic changes were more consistent during subtotal occlusion.
      Human subjects stressed during cardiac catheterization exhibited a similar
      apparent paradox. This suggests variable coronary venous washout from ischemic
      myocardium during total coronary artery occlusion and, in humans, may also
      reflect the presence of scar tissue. Caution is advised when interpreting
      myocardial metabolic information in the presence of total coronary artery
      occlusion, since underestimation of the extent of myocardial ischemia is more
      likely than with an occlusion of lesser degree.

PMID- 1208977
TI  - Effects of prolonged coronary hypotension on myocardial substrate utilization.
AB  - Myocardial substrate utilization was investigated following experimental coronary
      hypotension in isolated in vitro perfused dog hearts. Control observations were
      made at the beginning and at the end of the experiments with afterload of 100 mm
      Hg. Between the two controls, the afterload was lowered to 50 mm Hg and kept at
      that level for 4 hours. The observations during the hypotensive period were
      compared to the two controls. Lactate uptake and the percentage contribution of
      the lactate to myocardial CO2 production were diminished during the hypotensive
      period. Myocardial free fatty acid (FFA) uptake and oxidation did not change
      significantly. Glucose uptake and myocardial respiratory quotient (RQ) were
      decreased. Thus, prolonged coronary hypotension caused a relative preference of
      FFA oxidation and diminished lactate and glucose uptake by the myocardium. It is
      of interest to note that these changes in substrate utilization were quite
      different from those observed during experimentally produced hemorrhagic
      hypotension or endotoxic shock.

PMID- 1208978
TI  - Distribution of glycogen and lipids in the ischemic canine left ventricle:
      biochemical and light and electron microscopic correlates.
AB  - Transmural gradients in the contents of glycogen triglycerides, and phospholipids
      were studied in the dog left ventricle with and without 4 hours of left
      circumflex artery ligation. In control dogs (patent circumflex), an increasing
      outer to inner glycogen gradient was observed. After 4 hours of ischemia,
      subepicardial glycogen content was similar to control values, but midventricular
      and subendocardial stores were nearly depleted, thus indicating a reversal of the
      control gradient. These changes were seen biochemically as well as by light and
      electron microscopic techniques. In the present studies, conclusive evidence for
      a transmural gradient in tissue triglyceride content was not obtained in either
      control or ligated dogs. However, an approximate three-fold increase in
      midventricular and subendocardial triglycerides was observed in ischemic hearts.
      Regional contents of total tissue phospholipids appeared to be similar across the
      left ventricular wall in both normal and ischemic left ventricles.

PMID- 1208979
TI  - Effects of coronary artery ligation and release and perfusion with glucose on
      cardiac energy metabolism in dogs.
AB  - Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), glycogen, and inorganic phosphorus (Pi) were
      assayed in myocardial tissues obtained from beating dog hearts subjected to the
      following procedures: Group 1. Ligation of anterior descending coronary
      artery(AD) for 60 min. Group 2. Perfusion of the AD with 20 mM glucose in
      Ringer's solution containing 1 mU regular insluin/ml, for 60 min. Group 3.
      Ligation of the AD for 60 min, followed by release of the ligature with re
      establishment of blood flow for 30 min. Group 4. Perfusion of the AD with 20 mM
      glucose in Ringer's solution containing 1 mU/ml regular insulin for 60 min,
      followed by re-establishment of blood flow for 30 min. Samples from normal
      myocardium (N zone) and from the area supplied by the AD (I zone) were
      simultaneously obtained and the level of metabolites compared. In all four
      groups, ATP was significantly lower in I than N zone. However, ATP values were
      lower in N zone in group 1 as compared with the other groups (p less than 0.05)
      and higher in I zone in group 3 versus groups 1 and 2 (p less than 0.05).
      Glycogen was lower in I than N zones to a similar degree in all the groups.
      However, it was higher in the I zone in group 3 than in group 1 (p less than
      0.05). Pi was significantly higher in I zone versus N zone only in group 1 (p
      less than 0.05). These data suggest that, the the beating dog heart, ATP and
      glycogen preservation in a myocardial segment rendered ischemic for 1 hour is
      best achieved by re-establishing circulation. Glucose infusion into the ischemic
      segment did not contribute significantly to the ATP stores in that segment but
      may have exerted a protective effect on the nonischemic zones, possibly by
      providing a high glucose level in the circulating blood. This protection was
      equally well achieved by release of the ligature with or without prior glucose
      infusion. The increase in Pi in the ischemic zone in the dogs with coronary
      ligation only is probably related to accumulation of the ion under ischemic and
      hypoxic conditions.

PMID- 1208980
TI  - Ischemic damage and metabolism during elective cardiac arrest.
AB  - Isolated perfused working rat hearts were subjected to elective cardiac arrest
      for 20 or 30 min. Various methods of arrest were studied, either singly or in
      combination and with or without coronary perfusion. The functional recovery of
      the heart following the termination of arrest was found to be related to the
      concentration of ATP and creatine phosphate in the myocardium at the end of the
      period of arrest. In turn, these concentrations were dependent upon the method
      used to induce arrest. Normothermic ischemic arrest led to a marked reduction in
      high energy phosphates and a poor functional recovery. In contrast, coronary
      perfusion with hypothermic solutions or solutions containing high concentrations
      of potassium, induced arrest without depleting ATP or creatine phosphate. These
      procedures conferred considerable protection on the myocardium and thus permitted
      good recoveries. The energy status and recovery associated with ischemic arrest
      could be improved by combining the ischemia with hypothermia or potassium arrest.
      The latter, while increasing recovery significantly, still failed to afford
      complete protection to the myocardium. Potassium chloride gave greater protection
      than potassium citrate. When topical hypothermia was combined with ischemia, a
      time and temperature relationship was demonstrated but effective protection could
      only be obtained with severe topical hypothermia over a relatively short time
      period. The results stress the importance of maintaining high energy phosphates
      during arrest, and this requires the provision of a continuous supply of oxygen
      and nutrient, which may perhaps be best achieved by ensuring continuous and
      adequate coronary perfusion.

PMID- 1208981
TI  - Effect of combination of stresses on myocardial metabolism.
AB  - The effect of hypoxia, exercise, and thermal stress on myocardial metabolism have
      been widely investigated, but little attention has been paid to studying the
      effects of a combination of these stress. The influence of hypoxia as modified by
      physical exertion (swimming) and cold stress was therefore studied. The
      parameters investigated included myocardial glycogen and noradrenaline, serum
      free fatty acid, adrenal ascorbic acid, and adrenal weight. It was observed that
      maximal stress was produced when hypoxia was combined with physical exertion. No
      suppression of cold-induced lipolysis by hypoxia was observed, in contrast to
      previously reported observations. Maximal depletion of cardiac blycogen and
      cardiac noradrenaline was noted in hypoxic exercise. Adrenal overactivity was not
      found to be related to any particular stress but was seen to be proportional to
      the severity of the stress applied.

PMID- 1208982
TI  - Effect of substrate on enzyme release after coronary artery ligation in isolated
      rat heart.
AB  - In the present work, we tested the hypothesis that the development of myocardial
      infarction in the isolated perfused working rat hearts could be influenced by the
      nature of the substrate reaching the infarction zone. We measured cardiac output
      and rates of release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after coronary artery
      ligation in hearts perfused with different substrates: glucose; palmitate,
      oleate, linoleate bound to albumin; palmitate-albumin plus glucose and/or
      insulin. Cardiac ouptut after ligation was lowest with palmitate and highest with
      glucose. LDH release was 5-10 times greater with FFA than with glucose, but was
      significantly reduced by the addition of glucose or insulin to the palmitate
      albumin solution. Our results argue for an important role for substrate effects
      on the metabolic outocme of experimental myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1208983
TI  - Regional myocardial metabolism following acute coronary artery occlusion.
AB  - Regional measurements of the consequences of coronary artery occlusions indicate
      myocardial derangements in both the coronary occluded and nonoccluded myocardium.
      The proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was acutely occluded
      in 34 closed-chest anesthetized dogs through inflation of an intracoronary
      balloon. Temporary seperation of venous compartments was achieved by means of a
      balloon catheter placed within the great cardiac vein, and simultaneous blood
      sampling from both occluded and nonoccluded segments was carried out. Acute
      coronary occlusion resulted in early cardiac dysfunction which persisted during
      the subsequent 3 hours of LAD occlusion. Oxygen extraction increased 6-8% in both
      occluded and nonoccluded zones. Lactate extraction in the nonoccluded segment
      decreased significantly from 34.4 to 23.7% (P less than 0.05). In the occluded
      zone, lactate extraction dropped from 35.0 to 7.8% (P less than 0.05). Of the 34
      dogs studied, 17 exhibited lactate production in the occluded segment, while 7
      dogs also had lactate production in the nonoccluded region. Significant
      postocclusion myocardial potassium efflux was noted in both zones.

PMID- 1208984
TI  - Assessment of myocardial free fatty acid metabolism in humans during heparin
      infusion.
AB  - Free fatty acids (FFA) have been shown to be a major myocardial substrates during
      the postabsorptive state in humans. In order to document the utilization of these
      substrates by the heart while heparin was infused, the following study was
      designed. During heparin infusion, total and individual FFA were measured in
      arterial and coronary sinus plasma during the postabsorptive state in 13 patients
      with coronary artery disease and in 4 patients with no evidence of cardiac
      disease. Oleic-1-14C acid bound to albumin was infused at a constant rate for at
      least 7 min into the left coronary artery. Left coronary blood flow was
      determined in all patients. It was assumed the oleic-1-14C acid behaves like
      endogenous FFA. Arterial FFA concentration was high (mean and SEM: 1 +/- 0.21
      mumoles/ml) and varied by less than 10% during the course of the study in 14 of
      the 17 patients. Oleic acid constituted 44% of all arterial FFA. The relative
      concentrations of the various individual FFA were similar in arterial and
      coronary sinus plasma. The average FFA extraction was 19.9 +/- 2.1%. In contrast,
      the oleic-1-14C acid extraction was relatively more steady during the infusion,
      and the mean extraction of this tracer was 36.0 +/- 2.1%. Myocardial uptake for
      the entire group was 52.3 +/- 6.3 mumoles/min. Although a definite plateau for
      14CO2 release from oleic-1-14C acid oxidation was not obtained, at least 31.8 +/-
      4.3% of the removed FFA was oxidized, representing 49.3 +/- 6.4% of myocardial
      oxygen consumption. The failure of oleic-1-14C acid oxidation to reach a steady
      state was not due to delay in the myocardial CO2 pool, since 14CO2 release from
      infused NaH 14CO3 and lactate-1-14C in 11 other subjects revealed that in
      equilibrium was obtained within 5 min. These findings indicate that the
      generation of 14CO2 from oleic-1-14C acid oxidation is relatively slow, and the
      uptake of labeled FFA is partly matched by release of unlabeled FFA, suggesting
      that the human heart has important lipid pools.

PMID- 1208985
TI  - Myocardial enzyme release from ischemic isolated perfused working rat heart.
AB  - Isolated working rat hearts were made ischemic for 5, 10, and 30 minutes
      respectively. After the ischemic period, all hearts were perfused in a retrograde
      nonworking way for 30 minutes. During the 5 first minutes of ischemia, there was
      a marked fall of cardiac output and coronary flow. A significant release of GOT
      was seen and this was more marked after longer periods of ischemia. Addition of
      adrenaline to the perfusate increased the enzyme release. Pacing at 400/minute,
      high preload, high afterload, acidosis, or alkalosis did not alter enzyme
      release. Glycogen, ATP and CrP levels were depressed at the end of the ischemic
      period, but were seen to be rising again during the retrograde perfusion. This
      study indicates that myocardial tissue may release enzymes without being
      irreversibly damaged.

PMID- 1208986
TI  - Effect of a thrombolytic agent (urokinase) on necrosis after acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Using a two-compartment model with continuous input function, the rate and extent
      of myocardial damage were calculated from plasma enzyme levels measured in
      patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Results were compared
      for four different enzymes. As regards the course of necrosis, two different
      hypotheses were tested and it was shown that the necrotic process has to be
      considered as a mulitplicative process rather than as a sudden disintigration of
      cells due to anoxia. Comparison of results obtained in a group of 5 patients
      treated with urokianse and in an untreated control group of 10 patients showed
      that the necrotic phase as defined by the enzyme release from the infarcted area
      was significantly shortened.

PMID- 1208987
TI  - An improved animal model for studying the effect of drugs on myocardial
      metabolism during ischemia.
AB  - An improved dog model to study the effect of drugs on myocardial metabolism
      during ischemia is described. A reproducible degree of ischemia could be obtained
      by partial occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary
      artery (LAD), using an inflatable cuff with a micrometer. The possibility of
      inducing the stenosis twice in the same animal has the advantage that the animal
      can be used as its own control. The reproducibility of the degree of ischemia was
      demonstrated by the nonsignificant differences in local venous lactate, inorganic
      phosphate, and glucose concentrations after the first and second stenosis. The
      mean pressure difference over the stenosis was used to express the degree of
      coronary artery narrowing. In this model, one does not have to rely on the
      collateral circulation in collecting local venous blood. Moreover, it is very
      likely that this blood is obtained from the most pronounced ischemic area, which
      was localized with radioactive microspheres. At this degree of stenosis, left
      ventricular function was not affected too much, as was demonstrated by the slight
      changes in dP/dt max, and systolic and diastolic aortic pressure after induction
      of the stenosis. The usefulness of our model to evaluate the activity of drugs is
      demonstrated by the effect of fentanyl, a potent morphine-like analgesic, on the
      poststenotic local venous lactate and inorganic phosphate concentrations.

PMID- 1208988
TI  - Role of adenine nucleotide translocase in metabolic change caused by ischemia.
AB  - Inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocase by elevated levels of long chain
      acyl-CoA esters has been shown to occur during the onset of ischemia in
      experiments conducted on dogs. Other findings indicate that, as a consequence of
      translocase inhibition, the production of mitochondrial creatine phosphate was
      abolished and, in this manner, respiration was slowed to state 4 or an ischemic
      like condition. A variety of biochemical, hemodynamic, and ultrastructural
      evidence further suggest that this inhibition of adenine nucleotide transport in
      and out of the heart mitochondria may be the initial and key disturbance which
      "triggers" the more drastic metabolic changes known to occur as the degree of
      ischemia becomes more severe. The mitochondrial "damage" caused by long chain
      acyl-CoA ester inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocase appears to be
      reversible by carnitine.

PMID- 1208989
TI  - Lipid composition of cardiac lymph.
AB  - Cardiac lymph was obtained from fasting dogs by cannulating the efferent
      collecting trunks and the interventricular (subepicardial) trunk. The total lipid
      content of the lymph was 450 mg/100 ml and consisted of 16-20% cholesterol, 30
      33% triglycerides, 41% phospholipids, 2% free fatty acids, and 7-8% fatty acids
      esterified with cholesterol. The lipid composition of the lymph obtained from the
      two collecting sites was identical. We can demonstrate that the loss of total
      fatty acids by the myocardium due to the drainage of the interstitial fluid into
      the lymph represents only 2-8% of the fatty acids used. With the exception of
      triglycerides, the concentration of all the lipids was higher in the arterial
      plasma than in the lymph. The concentration of triglycerides in the lymph
      suggests that triglycerides are contributed from endogenous sources.

PMID- 1208990
TI  - Hypoxia-induced prostaglandin release from rabbit heart.
AB  - Rabbit hearts were perfused at a pressure of 60 cm H2O with 37 degrees C Tyrode
      solution aerated with 5% CO2 in O2. The effluent from the heart was collected in
      four consecutive 10-min periods. The samples were analyzed for prostaglandins of
      the E series (PGE), using thin layer chromatography for identification and assay
      on the superfused rat stomach strip for quantitative estimation. Three different
      series of experiments were performed, the hearts in each series during the second
      effluent collection period being perfused under conditions of either hypoxia
      (Tyrode solution aerated with 5% O2 and 5% CO2 in N2), absence of glucose in the
      Tyrode solution, or hypotension/low perfusion flow (perfusion pressure lowered to
      30cm H2O). In the series where glucose was omitted or hypotension/low perfusion
      flow was induced during the second effluent collection period, the outflow of PGE
      decreased exponentially throughout the four periods. In the series where hypoxia
      was maintained during the second effluent collection period, a marked increase in
      the outflow of PGE was noted after the end of hypoxia. Prostaglandins of the E
      series are powerful vasodilators, and the PG released may, by inducing coronary
      vasodilation, counteract the hypoxia. However, it has been shown that, in human
      plasma, conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE is parallelled by platelet
      aggregation. Therefore, if PG synthesis is also stimulated by hypoxia in man,
      myocardial ischemia must be considered as a possible mechanism for platelet
      aggregation and subsequent coronary thrombosis.

PMID- 1208992
TI  - Effect of deep hypothermia, limited cardiopulmonary bypass, and total arrest on
      growing puppies.
AB  - The advantages of a bloodless field and total cardiac relaxation have popularized
      the technique of deep hypothermia and total circulatory arrest for the correction
      of complex congenital cardiac defects in infancy. There is, however, a
      significant potential for cerebral and pulmonary complications. Presently, the
      most common technique is that of using a combination of surface cooling and
      cardiopulmonary bypass cooling and rewarming. Normal neurological development has
      been claimed with the present technique of hypothermia at 20 degrees C and total
      circulatory arrest for periods up to an hour; however, there are reports of
      seizure activity in the early postoperative period. There is also a disturbing
      incidence of respiratory insufficiency and, occasionally, hemorrhagic pulmonary
      edema. This study, using growing puppies and subjecting them to deep hypothermia
      and total circulatory arrest for varying periods of time, disclosed that animals
      subjected to 60 min of circulatory arrest recovered neurologically; however,
      there were histological changes of anoxia in the brain. Animals subjected to 30
      min of total circulatory arrest were normal neurologically and there was no
      histological evidence of anoxic damage to brain tissue. Puppies that were
      continuously on cardiopulmonary bypass had no significant pulmonary changes
      caused by increasing the inspired oxygen tension in the ventilator; however,
      striking changes were noted when limited cardiopulmonary bypass was employed for
      core cooling and total circulatory arrest combined with pulmonary ventilation
      with 100% oxygen. We conclude from this experimental study that the use of
      surface cooling and core cooling with subsequent total circulatory arrest at 20
      degrees C is a safe procedure, providing the period of time of cardiac arrest is
      kept around 30 min. We also conclude that the alveolar oxygen tension should be
      maintained at the lowest level possible during the interval of circulatory arrest
      to avoid the apparent rapid onset of post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency.

PMID- 1208991
TI  - Influence of the adrenal medulla on cardiac rhythm disturbances following acute
      coronary artery occlusions.
AB  - The present study was designed to examine the relationship between epinephrine
      secreted from the adrenal medulla and acute occlusion of the left anterior
      descending (LAD) coronary artery in alpha-chloralone-anesthetized cats. Occlusion
      of the LAD artery produced  arrhythmia in all of the animals, with 39% developing
      ventricular fibrillation (VF). Epinephrine content in the adrenal venous blood
      increased 5-fold immediately after occlusion and was associated with the
      development of arrhythmia and VF. The adrenal venous epinephrine levels increased
      8-fold after occlusion in the animals that developed VF while, in those that did
      not develop VF, the epinephrine levels increased only 1.5-fold. Bilateral
      ligation of the adrenal veins 1 hour prior to occlusion of the LAD artery did not
      alter the pattern of development of arrhythmia but prevented the occurrence of
      VF. Pretreatment of animals with either practolol or sotalol 15 min prior to LAD
      artery occlusion also did not affect the occurrence of arrhythmia but prevented
      the incidence of VF. The data indicate that acute occlusion of the LAD coronary
      artery produces a sharp rise in epinephrine from the adrenal medulla and that
      epinephrine is a major factor in producing VF but does not seem to be involved to
      any great extent in the production of less ominous ventricular arrhythmias.

PMID- 1208994
TI  - Demonstration of the "no-reflow" phenomenon in the dog heart after temporary
      ischemia.
AB  - The effect of 40- or 90-min periods of temporary myocarardial ischemia on the
      distribution of coronary flow and capillary structure were assessed in groups of
      mongrel dogs. Thioflavin S. a fluorescent dye which stains vascular endothelium
      when injected intravenously, was used to demonstrate the distribution of
      microvascular perfusion at 10 sec, 5 min, or 20 min following release of a 40-or
      90min circumflex coronary artery occlusion. Hearts which demonstrated perfusion
      defects were sampled for electron microscopy. Following 40 min of occlusion,
      thioflavin S was distributed uniformly throughout the myocardium. In contrast,
      following 90-min periods of coronary occlusion, perfusion defects always were
      present in the subendocardial half of the posterolateral left ventricular wall.
      Several morphological features in these areas of no reflow were observed by
      electron microscopy, including decreased endothelial pinocytotic vesicles,
      endothelial gaps and bleb formation, capillaries packed with erythrocytes,
      occasional intraluminal thrombi, and extravascular erythrocytes and fibrin.
      Myocardial cells showing severe injury always were seen within but also extended
      beyond the areas of poor perfusion. These results demonstrate that areas of no
      reflow occur following 90-min periods of ischemic injury in the dog, but that
      primary myocardial cell injury occurs during the ischemic period and not as a
      function of the "no-reflow" phenomenon.

PMID- 1208993
TI  - Consequences of reperfusion following acute coronary occlusion.
AB  - The sequential effects of reperfusion following acute intracoronary balloon
      occlusion were investigated in closed-chest anesthetized dogs by simultaneous
      measurement of hemodynamics and regional metabolism and histopathologic study.
      Simultaneous regional determinations of myocardial metabolic function were
      carried out in coronary-occluded and nonoccluded segments of the left ventricle.
      A 3-hour occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD)
      resulted in significant decrease in cardiac function. Intitial reperfusion was
      marked by major washout of metabolites and development of frequently serious
      arrhythmias. Reperfusion following 3 hours of LAD occlusion led to futher
      deterioration in hemodynamics and metabolism: 30% of the dogs developed shock.
      Lactate extraction decreased further in the nonoccluded region and reached
      production levels in the occluded zone. Potassium loss increased in both zones.
      Oxygen extraction remained unchanged. Pathophysiologic examination of tissue
      specimens from the reperfused zone revealed microthrombi, patchy necrosis,
      fragmentation of myofibrils, vascular congestions, and hemorrhages.

PMID- 1208995
TI  - Regional differences in fatty acid oxidation by the adult rabbit myocardium.
AB  - Differences in coronary perfusion and tissue oxygenation between the epicardium
      and endocardium have been shown. Thus, intrinsic capacity for substrate oxidation
      may also exhibit regional variation. Accordingly, homogenates of left ventricular
      papillary muscle ("endocardium") and left ventricular free wall trimmed of
      endocardium ("epicardium") were compared for their capacity to oxidize palmitic
      acid-1-14C (PA) and octanoic acid-1-14C (OcA). Homogenates from one to three
      rabbits were combined for each study; 18 studies were performed using PA, and 10
      using OcA. The protein content of endo- and epicardial homogenates was the same
      (Biuret method). At ambient PA concentrations of 0.2 mM, oxidation of PA by
      "endocardium" was 64 +/- 6.3% that of the "epicardium" (p less than 0.001). At
      ambient concentrations of 1.0 mM, oxidation of OcA by "endocardium" was not
      different from that of "epicardium" (118 +/- 10.5%; p greater than 0.1). Thus,
      the oxidative capacity for long chain FFA by the endo- and epicardial homogenates
      are at variance. Differences in carnitine-mediated transmitochondrial transport
      of long chain fatty acids may be the explanation. Such regional metabolic
      differences could play a role in regional alterations in myocardial function
      under adverse hemodynamic and metabolic circumstances.

PMID- 1208996
TI  - Changes in sichemic coronary vasodilation produced by blood, plasma, and saline
      infusions.
AB  - Reactive hyperemia was diminished when blood of varying oxygen content was
      infused into the vascular bed distal to an occluded coronary artery. The degree
      of response appeared to be related to the oxygen content of the infused sample.
      However, plasma and saline infusions also caused a reduction in reactive
      hypermia. It is therefore possible to conclude that the prevention of the fall in
      intravascular pressure plays an important role in the regulation of vascular
      smooth muscle tone in the dog heart.

PMID- 1208997
TI  - Time-dependent changes of collateral coronary reactivity in the dog.
AB  - Vascular reactivity of the developing coronary collaterals has been investigated
      by studying local flow responses elicited by adrenergic and hypoxic stimuli in
      the ischemic foci of the canine heart. Tissue blood flow was measured by means of
      the heat clearance technique. The myocardial area explored was rendered ischemic
      by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery 2-90 days prior to the
      experiment. This area is supplied exclusively by collateral channels. Adrenergic
      sensitivity was tested by i.v. administration or noradrenaline and isoproterenol
      (1 mug/kh), as well as by supramaximal electrical stimulation of the stellate
      ganglion. Metabolic sensitivity of the vessels was tested by brief periods of
      general hypoxia. During the first 3 weeks of the myocardial infarction, the
      collateral vascular response induced by each form of the adrenergic activation
      was considerably different from that observed in the normal coronary bed: instead
      of the conventional beta-type dilation, noradrenaline and stellate stimulation
      induced constriction in the ischemic zone whereas isoproterenol, having only pure
      beta-stimulating effects proved to be ineffective. Following the 3rd
      postoperative week, a gradually increasing sensitivity to beta-dilator influences
      appeared on the collateral vessels. However, this transformation of the
      adrenergic effect was not accompanied by a similar restoration of the local
      vascular propensity for metabolic (hypoxic) dilation. The results suggest that
      time courses of the changes of the adrenergic and metabolic vascular reactivity
      in the collateral network, although probably interrelated, do not parallel each
      other.

PMID- 1208998
TI  - Hemodynamics and metabolic determinants of distribution of myocardial flow.
AB  - A computer simulation of the left coronary outflow response to branch occlusion
      was carried out, using physiological data derived from canine left coronary
      artery generated on an IBM 360/44 in order to provide multidimensional analysis
      of the problem of the distribution of flow within the myocardium. During coronary
      occlusion in this computer model, distal impedance varied little during the
      occlusion of one or the other arterial brance. This observation was taken as a
      boundary condition in the simulation exercise. Some of the important factors in
      the intramyocardial distribution of flow are discussed.

PMID- 1208999
TI  - Studies of regional myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary
      atherosclerosis, using xenon-133 and a multiple crystal scintillation camera.
AB  - Regional myocardial perfusion was measured in 164 patients at coronary
      arteriography. Washout of xenon-133 from multiple areas of the heart was
      monitored with a multiple crystal scintoooillation camera after tracer injection
      int the left or right coronary artery. Rate constants of radioisotope clearance
      were computed by monoexponential analysis of the initial portion of each washout
      curve. Regional myocardial blood flow rates in ml/100 g.min were calculated by
      the Kety formula. The pattern of local myocardial perfusion rates was compared to
      the coronary arteriogram obtained during the same study. In patients with normal
      coronary arteriograms, the average mean myocardial perfusion rate in the left
      ventricle (LV) significantly exceeded that of the right ventricle and the right
      atrial area. Mild heterogeneity of local myocardial flow rates in the LV was
      observed. In patients with essential hypertension, aortic stenosis, and aortic
      insufficiency, the average LV perfusion rates were similar to those of subjects
      with normal coronary arteriograms, pressures, and ventriculograms. The mean LV
      perfusion rates were significantly reduced in patients without coronary disease
      who had cardiomyopathy and cardiac failure.

PMID- 1209000
TI  - Local myocardial blood-flow measured by the use of a needle-type Pt-H2 electrode.
AB  - In order to measure local myocardial blood flow respectively, a needle-type
      recessed Pt electrode sealed in a thin injection needle was constructed. By means
      of this electrode, the myocardial blood flow in the inner and outer portions of
      the anterior wall of the exposed left ventricle of anesthesized dogs was studied.
      Under conditions, the blood flow in the inner portion (112.4 ml/100 ml/min)
      exceeded that in the outer portion (98.7 ml/100 ml/min). But the blood flow
      distribution expressed in terms of the blood flow ratio in both portions was
      readily varied by several pharmacological treatments, starvation, or prolongation
      of the experiment. Combining these observations with the results obtained in the
      decrease of the O2 current in the coronary occlusion test, the following
      possibilities seemed probable: 1) The myocardial blood flow under normal
      conditions was so distributed that the inner layer could be supplied with an
      increased blood flow and more oxygen. 2) Such a balance between the local blood
      flow and O2 demand can often be disturbed under various conditions, as was seen
      in the case of isoproterinol infusion in the present study.

PMID- 1209001
TI  - Mass spectrometry for the measurement of intramyocardial gas tensions:
      methodology and application to the study of myocardial ischemia.
AB  - The methodology for use of the mass spectrometer for the measurement of
      intramyocardial gas tensions in the canine preparation is described. Baseling
      studies were carried out initially in 36 animals, and control levels for
      myocardial oxygen tension and myocardial carbon dioxide tension were 19 mm Hg
      (S.D. 6 mm Hg) and 43 mm Hg (S.D. 10 mm Hg), respectively. Myocardial oxygen
      tension was not altered significantly by varying the arterial oxygen tension
      between 65 and 300 mm Hg. However, myocardial carbon dioxide tension increased
      linearly with increased arterial carbon dioxide tension. In 15 dogs placed on
      total cardiopulmonary bypass, a perfusion pressure 40-60 mm lower than the
      control mean arterial pressure resulted in myocardial ischemia with a decrease in
      myocardial oxygen tension and an increase in myocardial carbon dioxide tension. A
      subsequent increase in perfusion pressure to control levels resulted in
      resolution of ischemia and return of myocardial oxygen and carbon dioxide
      tensions to their control level. In another series of open-chest dogs on
      cardiopulmonary bypass, a proximal constriction applied to the left coronary
      circumflex artery resulted in a marked decrease in myocardial oxygen tensions and
      a marked increase in myocardial carbon dioxide tensions in the region supplied by
      the constricted vessel. In yet another series of open-chest dogs, it was found
      that incremental decreases in coronary flow established by constriction of the
      circumflex artery resulted in an exponential increase in both myocardial  carbon
      dioxide tensions and ST-segment elevation as determined by a 25-gauge multi
      contact plunge electrode placed in the posterior left ventricular wall. It
      appears that mass spectrometry techniques for evaluating myocardial ischemia have
      several advantages over myocardial biopsy techniques for assay of ATP and
      lactate, and also over the technique of coronary sinus lactate determination.

PMID- 1209003
TI  - Musculature of the pulmonary veins.

PMID- 1209002
TI  - Effect of conditioning on myocardial metabolism after myocardial infarction.
AB  - The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of prior physical training
      on metabolic changes after isoproternol-induced myocardial infarction in albino
      rats. The evaluation was done in terms of serum transaminases (SGOT and SGPT),
      serum lactic dehydrogenase  (LDH), serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), cardiac
      glycogen, and cardiac noradrenaline. Male albino rats weighed 100-150 g were
      selected for the study. Physical training (conditioning) consisted in making the
      animals swim in a tank of water for 60 min daily on 6 days a week, for 8 weeks.
      Myocardial infarction was produced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol, 85
      mg/kg body weight, on 2 consecutive days. There was significantly less elevation
      of SGOT, LDH and CPK in the conditioned group after myocardial infarction; the
      rise in SGPT was not significantly different in the two groups. A smaller rise of
      serum enzymes revealed less myocardial damage in the conditioned group; the rise
      in FFA was also less in the conditioned group, a more favorable situation for an
      ischemic myocardium. No significant difference was observed in cardiac glycogen
      and cardiac noradrenaline after isoproterenol-induced cardiac necrosis. The
      significance of these observations is discussed.

PMID- 1209004
TI  - Inhibition of extracellular and purified 5'-nucleotidase from rat heart.
AB  - 5'-Nucleotidase in perfused rat hearts, accessible to extracellular substrate
      [14C]-AMP contained in the perfusate, was compared to a partially purified 5'
      nucleotidase from the same organ. Both activities were inhibited by ATP and, more
      effectively, by the ADP analog adenosine-alpha, beta-methylene diphosphate
      (APCP). The isolated enzyme showed a competitive inhibitor constant of 5.4 x 10(
      8) M for APCP (Km of AMP = 1.4 x 10(-5) M). Although both activities were
      effectively inhibited by APCP, insufficient knowledge about the selectivity of
      this agent as a nucleotidase inhibitor does not permit a conclusion on whether or
      not the extracellular activity is identical to the partially purified enzyme.

PMID- 1209005
TI  - Comparative in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of tricyclic
      antidepressants on myocardial contractility.
AB  - The effects of the similarily structured antidepressant drugs imipramine and
      dimetacrine and their demethylated derivatives on myocardial performance were
      studied in vitro on 42 right ventricular papillary muscles of cats. The
      hemodynamic effects of intravenous administration of 22 mg of free base
      imipramine and dimetacrine were investigated in 12 patients with coronary
      disease. The results of the in vitro studies show that imipramine greater than
      dimetacrine greater than desmethyl compounds have a marked dose-dependent
      negative inotropic effect on all parameters of myocardial contractility, i.e.,
      afterloaded isotonic contractions (delta L), dL/dtmax, dL/dtmin,dT/dt. The
      hemodynamic investigations indicate that imipramine greater than dimetacrine
      induces a significant increase in end-diastolic left ventricular pressure. Both
      drugs increase mean arterial blood pressure, correlated to a peripheral
      vasoconstriction and corresponding to an increase on the plasma level of
      catecholamines. It is concluded that both effects of these antidepressant drugs
      (reduction of myocardial performance and an increase in the plasma level of
      catecholamines) must be considered a risk in patients predisposed to myocardial
      failure.

PMID- 1209006
TI  - Contractile apparatus in aortic endothelium of hypertensive rat.
AB  - One week after hypertension was produced in male Wistar rats (150 g body weight)
      by a complete aortic ligature placed between renal arteries, electron microscopic
      studies showed a striking increase of cytoplasmic microfilaments in the
      endothelial cells of the aortic segment above coarctation (mean blood pressure
      160 mm Hg). These microfilaments measured 40-70 A in diameter and were located
      particularly close to the endothelial clefts. In "en face" preparation of aortic
      endothelial cells treated with antiactin autoantibodies (AAA) followed by
      antihuman IgG, the cells above the ligature of hypertensive animals were
      intensely fluorescent compared with those of the aortic portion below the
      ligature or that of controls. The fluorescence was abolished after incubating the
      AAA-containing sera with thrombosthenin-A, suggesting the presence of actin.
      There was also an increase transport of horseradish peroxidase and ferritin
      through the endothelial cell layer. While endothelial cells so modified may play
      a role in permeability regulation, they may also be related to such mechanisms as
      electronic coupling and synchronized contraction of aortic cells during
      hypertension.

PMID- 1209007
TI  - Light and electron microscopic study of cellular proliferation in carcinoid heart
      disease.
AB  - An ultrastructural and histochemical study of the subendocardial lesion in
      carcinoid heart disease showed six different cell types within a myxoid matrix.
      The matrix, composed of a mucopolysaccharidic ground substance, collagen, and
      reticluin fibers, contained stem cells, four types of fusiform cells (fibrocytes,
      fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells), and intermediary cell
      type. Our observations suggest that the humoral mediators of the carcinoid
      syndrome may induce the differentiation of a subendocardial stem cell into
      contractile elements.

PMID- 1209008
TI  - Age-dependent changes of heart valves and heart size.
AB  - The mode and extent of the regressions of heart valves, valvular rings, and
      tendon chords, as well as the size of atria and ventricles in 316 hearts of
      different age groups (macroscopically normal at autopsy), were studied. With
      increasing age, the valves showed marked thickening and loss of elasticity.
      Deposition of lipoids and calcification occur to a variable extent in the
      valvular tissue and rings; Valve size shows a change of minor degree, but tendon
      chords and papillary muscles shorten in old age. The diameters of the atria,
      mitral, tricuspid, pulmonary, and aortic rings increase continuously up to the
      9th decade of life. The width and length of the ventricles show minor alterations
      in size. In old age, heart weight increases.

PMID- 1209009
TI  - Method for the production of severe ventricular dysrhythmias in small laboratory
      animals.
AB  - In earlier reports from this laboratory, it was shown that 3 weeks' pretreatment
      with desoxycorticosterone acetate (DCA) pellet implantation and saline as
      drinking fluid caused a nearly 20,000-fold potentiation of the acute
      cardiotoxicity of isoproterenol. In such animals, the beta-receptor stimulant
      consistently elicited severe ventricular dysrhythmias, usually leading to
      ventricular fibrillation (VF) and death. In the present study, a similar
      enhancement of isoproterenol arrhythmogenic activity after DCA-saline
      pretreatment was demonstrated also in the guinea pig and albino mouse. It was
      found, further, that isoproterenol consistently caused an alteration of the total
      myocardial electrolyte content in DCA-saline-treated rats, consisting of a
      decrease of magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) levels and elevation of sodium (Na).
      In control rats, on the other hand, isoproterenol did not alter the myocardial Mg
      content and increased K. The emertence of cardiac irregularities and VF could be
      inhibited by pretreatment with antiarrhythmic drugs. On a molar basis, these
      agents decreased the incidence of VF in the following descending order: dl
      propranolol (100), practolol (39), d-propranolol (34), sotalol (20), quinidine
      (8), and lidocaine (5). In the presence of any of the listed drugs, except for
      lidocaine, isoproterenol did not lower Mg levels and had variable effects on
      those of Na and K. Pretreatment with Mg gluconate was likewise effective in
      preventing isoproterenol-induced dysrhythmias and death. These findings
      demonstrate that: a) sensitization of the myocardium by DCA-saline treatment is
      not species-specific for the rat; b) this phenomenon can be a useful method for
      the screening of antiarrhythmic drugs; and c) isoproterenol-induced dysrhythmias
      may be associated with myocardial electrolyte alterations involving especially Mg
      depletion.

PMID- 1209010
TI  - Lesions of the conduction system in the cat with cardiomyopathy.
AB  - Degeneration and fibrosis of the atrioventricular nodal tissue and left bundle
      branch, associated with cartilage of bone in the central fibrous body and
      fibrosis of the interventricular septal crest, were observed in 63 cats with
      cardiomyopathy. The cardiac lesions consisted of endocardial and myocardial
      fibrosis or organized endomyocarditis. Electrocardiographic, radiographic,
      angiocardiography, and hemodynamic changes were also observed in the cats.

PMID- 1209011
TI  - Protective effect of coexistent thiamine deficiency upon the experimental
      cardiomyopathy associated with acute magnesium deficiency in the Syrian golden
      hamster.
AB  - Repeated efforts to induce beriberi heart disease by experimental thiamine
      deficiency (B1d) have failed in many species. To test the hypothesis that
      magnesium deficiency (Mgd) might be the cofactor necessary for heart failure, 10
      week-old Syrian golden hamsters were divided into four groups-control (C), B1d,
      Mgd, and combined MgB1d-and were fed the diets ad libitum for 3 weeks. On day 21,
      animals were studied under intraperitoneal pentobarbital anesthesia (50 mg/kg).
      Electrocardiograms were taken and right and left ventricular pressures were
      measured by transthoracic needle puncture. Cardiac output was measured by the
      direct Fick method. The complete study was performed in 9 C, 13 B1d, 9 Mgd, and
      14 MgB1d animals. B1d was proven by low red blood cell transketolate high B1
      pyrophosphate effect, and was accompanied by tachycardia and hypercalcemia. B1
      did not differ from C in any other parameter. Mgd was characterized by
      hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, prolongation of the PR interval, widening of the
      QRS interval, low O2 consumption, low cardiac output, and increased heart weight
      to body weight ratio (HW/BW) as compared to control. No differences were observed
      in right and left ventricular pressures or peak /dt. MgB1d was characterized by
      hypomagnesium, hypercalcemia, low red blood cell transkeotlase, and high B1
      pyrophosphate effect. MgB1d minimized the deleterious effects of Mgd: animals
      were more active and the mortality was low, the PR interval remained normal, the
      QRS interval widened significantly less, cardiac output remained normal, and
      HW/BW increased significantly less. Although, once again, beriberi heart disease
      was not produced, B1d appeared to exert a protective effect upon the Mg-deficient
      myocardium.

PMID- 1209012
TI  - Iron supplementation in suckling rats: its effect on the heart.
AB  - The present study attempted to determine the significance of the "anemia" which
      normally occurs in infants. We compared various parameters in suckling rats whose
      hemoglobin concentration had been artificially raised by gastric tube feeding of
      iron with those of control animals. The 20-day-old experimental animals showed
      significant increases in the weights of the liver (10%) aan spleen (40%). They
      had also developed a statistically significant 8% increase in heart weight,
      accompanied by a smaller myocardial fiber size and, thus, higher fiber density.
      The association in these young animals of higher than normal hemoglobin levels
      with smaller hearts and myocardial fibers suggests that the normally developing
      "anemia" of infancy may well serve an important physiological function: to
      stimulate myocardial growth.

PMID- 1209013
TI  - Effect of thyroparathyroidectomy and of a low calcium diet on the cardiomyopathy
      of the Syrian hamster.
AB  - Experimental Ca deficiency in the cardiomyopathic Syrian hamster was found to be
      effective in reducing the incidence and the severity of the heart lesions that
      develop at 30 days of age. The skeletal muscle changes that develop at a much
      earlier period were influenced in their course but not in their frequency. It was
      further observed that 20-day-old animals benefit better from a low Ca intake at a
      time when the degenerative changes do not prevail in the myocardium. Removal of
      the parathyroids in normally fed myopathic hamsters had no effect on the serum
      calcium and phosphate levels or on the course of the disease. The serum creatine
      phosphokinase was found to be higher in Ca-deficient myopathic hamsters. The
      possible role of calcium concerning the maintenance of the integrity of the
      muscle cells is discussed.

PMID- 1209014
TI  - Vesicular myocardial change: an ultrastructural study of double membrane-bound
      vesicles in the human heart.
AB  - Vesicular myocardial change is a specific and common finding in the diseased
      hearts of humans and experimental animals. The small to large vesicles are
      generally bound by a double membrane. They are formed within myocardial cells and
      then possibly extruded into the extracellular space where they disintegrate or
      are phagocytosed by mononuclear cells. On the basis of our studies, most vesicles
      appear to be of mitochonrial origin. In humans, vesicular myocardial change
      appears to be most extreme in primary cardiomyopathy. It may also be present, but
      in lesser degree, in the apparently normal hearts of human adults. Vesicular
      myocardial change probably represents a specific mechanism by which myocardial
      cells eliminate damage mitochondria or other undesirable elements that build
      within them as a result of disease, aging, and perhaps normal physiological
      activity.

PMID- 1209015
TI  - Time course of mechanical activity in mammalian cardiac muscle: dependence on
      species, loading, and displacement.
AB  - We have found that animal species is of great importance when mechanics of
      contraction are analyzed in mammalian cardiac muscle. Mechanics of contraction
      have been studied comparatively in the isolated papillary muscles of the rat,
      cat, and rabbit under control conditions and following alterations of loading and
      inotropic interventions. The time course of the shortening ability measured in
      terms of the velocity of shortening at constant contractile element length and
      load following quick releases to preload peaked at 20, 30, and 70% of time to
      peak force (TPF) in the rat, cat, and rabbit, respectively, and declined more
      slowly in the rabbit. The shortening ability peaked progressively later in
      contraction at increasing loads in the cat, but not in the rabbit. Shortening
      ability measured after releases to zero load or after imposing "load clamps" of
      variable magnitude and duration reached the maximum much later in the rabbit than
      in the cat. The contractile response to changes of the contraction mode from
      isometric to isotonic was different in cat and rabbit. Upon increase in the
      stimulation rate from 6 to 60/min, force increased to a greater extent in the
      rabbit than in the cat, while TPF did not decrease in the rabbit as seen in the
      cat. Caffeine (10mM) increased developed force more in the rabbit than in the
      cat, while even 1 mM caffeine decreased force in the rat. The onset of the
      shortening ability was greatly delayed by caffeine in the cat and rat but not in
      the rabbit. Afterloaded force-peak velocity relations were curvilinear in the cat
      and rat; these relations approached linearity in the rabbit in the control state,
      and in both cat and rabbit in the presence of caffeine. The differences in the
      mechanics of contraction, in the contractile response to alterations in loading,
      and to caffeine in the ventricular muscle of the rat, cat, and rabbit are viewed
      as indicators of differences in excitation-contraction coupling of ventricular
      cardiac muscle from these different mammalian species.

PMID- 1209016
TI  - [Orthophony test. Spatial and temporal orientation].

PMID- 1209017
TI  - [Proposed classification of specific and nonspecific, acute and chronic
      inflammatory processes of the middle ear and their sequelae].

PMID- 1209018
TI  - [Manometry of the Eustachian tube].

PMID- 1209021
TI  - [Biochemistry of the fluids of the inner ear].

PMID- 1209019
TI  - [Exploratory tympanotomy in severe and profound deafness].

PMID- 1209020
TI  - [Rapid dilatation of esophageal and laryngo-tracheal strictures by laminaria
      tents].

PMID- 1209022
TI  - [Microbiol resistance].

PMID- 1209023
TI  - [Effect of Madecassol in the treatment of acute corrosive esophagitis
      (experimental work with rabbits)].

PMID- 1209024
TI  - [Effect of different bile acids on the secretion of biliary lipids in the rat
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209025
TI  - [Furosemide effects upon systolic time intervals in abscence of renal function
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209027
TI  - [Treatment of some complications of definitive pacemakers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209026
TI  - [Experience with the implantation of definitive pacemakers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209028
TI  - [Clinical characteristics and complications of acute myocardial infarction
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209029
TI  - [Congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209031
TI  - [Genetic control of the immune response (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209030
TI  - [Acute myolisis: a clinical-pathological report (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209032
TI  - [Familial thrombopatic thrombocytopenia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209033
TI  - [The effect of furosemide upon the contractile force of the isolated guinea pig
      atrium (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209034
TI  - [Typhoid fever due to Salmonella typhi resistant to chloramphenicol. First cases
      in Chile (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209035
TI  - [Treatment of depressive syndrome with trazodone (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209036
TI  - [Prognostic implications of certain arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209037
TI  - [Recurrent peptic ulcer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209038
TI  - [Clinical and laboratory study in 191 women with leukorrhea (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209039
TI  - [Practical aspects in proctology III. Coccygodinia and Thiele's syndrome
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209040
TI  - [3 aspects of life. A personal approach].

PMID- 1209042
TI  - [Respiratory alkalosis].

PMID- 1209041
TI  - [Radiological note: Segmental and lobal retractions].

PMID- 1209043
TI  - [Chromosomal aberrations in patients with lymph glands toxoplasmosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1209044
TI  - [Physicochemical analysis of bile in normal subjects and in patients with
      cholesterol gallstones (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209045
TI  - [A serological and mycological survey of pulmonary aspergillosis in Valdivia,
      Chile (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209046
TI  - [Proctocolitis: experience in 95 patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209047
TI  - [Five cases of craneal polyneuropathy including 2 patients with Fisher's syndrome
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209048
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis. Clinical characteristics and treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209049
TI  - [Mortality due to suicide in Chile (1930-1971) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1209050
TI  - [Prenatal protein deficiency and development of the nervous system].

PMID- 1209052
TI  - [Psychiatric care of the student population].

PMID- 1209051
TI  - [Medico-legal concept of death].

PMID- 1209054
TI  - [Psychotherapy and poverty. Problems and perspectives. II. The poor patient in
      psychotherapy].

PMID- 1209053
TI  - [Treatment of parkinsonian syndrome with Ro 8-0576].

PMID- 1209055
TI  - [Familial form of cutaneous epitheliomatosis with complex neurological
      characteristics similar to hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration. Apropos of 4
      cases including one case with anatomo-clinical description].
AB  - The authors report an observation in which four siblings were affected by both
      multiple cutaneous epitheliomatosis and complex but relatively stereotyped
      neurological disorders. Clinically, the main syndrome was cerebello-spinal ataxia
      with involvement of the anterior horns of the spinal cord with less marked
      pyramidal and extra-pyramidal features. Neuropathological examination of one of
      the cases revealed lesions of essentially cerebello-spinal degeneration
      suggestive of Menzel's disease. The possible connection between the neural and
      cutaneous lesions is discussed. All the various etiological categories possible
      have been ruled out; not one being entirely satisfactory, except for the very
      broad category of genetic neuro-dermatoses.

PMID- 1209056
TI  - [Leukodystrophy with adrenal insufficiency (adreno-leukodystrophy). A study of 3
      familial cases with the ultrastructure of one biopsied case].
AB  - Three male siblings in a gypsy family presented with congenital Addison's
      disease. The youngest showed neurological signs at the age of ten and
      deteriorated rapidly. The eldest had convulsive symptoms and the third an
      irregular E.E.G. Investigation of the youngest by means of cerebral biopsy
      revealed rarefaction of myelin with perivascular sudanophil deposits. An
      ultrastructural study showed frequent liposfuscin deposits in the astrocytes and
      oligodendrocytes. In the peripheral nerve there were signs of re-myelinization
      associated with hypertrophy of Schwann cells. These various aspects have led to
      these cases of demyelinization associated with adrenal deficiency being
      classified among the leukodystrophies while some authors have interpreted these
      lesions as characteristic of Schilder's disease. The fact that in thirty or so
      cases published, almost half of which are familial, only boys are affected
      supports the theory of an enzymopathy at the root of both leukodystrophy and
      adrenal atrophy.

PMID- 1209057
TI  - [Cutaneous elastopathy and vascular anomalies associated with neurological
      disorders. Apropos of 2 cases].
AB  - The two cases described exhibited elastopathy associated with arterial stenosis
      (case 1) or aneurysms (case 2). The first was clearly a case of elastic pseudo
      xanthoma with characteristic cutaneous lesions associated with retinal angioid
      streaks and severe arterial lesions, notably stenosis of the vertebral arteries
      (especially the left) causing disorders in the mechanism of balance. There were,
      in addition, mild diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and abnormal cutaneous pigmentation.
      The second patient, an African, had been hospitalised for an optochiasmatic
      syndrome which further investigation, notably by arteriography, indicated was
      caused by compression of the visual pathways due to  massive bilateral carotid
      aneurysms. The patient had molluscoid pseudo-tumours of the axillae and she
      reported that her father was in the same condition. Although in the first case,
      cutaneous biopsy enabled diagnosis of systematized elastorrhexis to be confirmed,
      histological investigation in the second case revealed mainly hyaline sclerosis
      of the deep dermal layer. The diagnosis of Ehlers-Danlos disease, suggested for
      this second patient, could not be confirmed. These two cases emphasize the
      possibility of various neurological disorders occurring in the course of
      dystrophy of the connectivo elastic tissue.

PMID- 1209058
TI  - [Radiologic and pararadiologic examinations in 228 cases of orbital tumors].

PMID- 1209059
TI  - [Laterality and the qualitative differentiation of motor activity].

PMID- 1209060
TI  - [Longitudinal and transverse studies on the graphic activity of both hands].

PMID- 1209061
TI  - [One way of envisioning the re-education of young, badly lateralized children].

PMID- 1209062
TI  - [Examination of left-handed children and study of an experiment intended to
      enable some of them to write with the right hand].

PMID- 1209063
TI  - [Neurophysiological aspects of laterality].

PMID- 1209064
TI  - [A study of the grapho-motor, psycho-motor, and behavioral problems in children
      at the French school in Belgrade].

PMID- 1209065
TI  - [Child's sleep and its disorders].

PMID- 1209066
TI  - [Dyscalculia in the child. Differential diagnostic].

PMID- 1209067
TI  - [Attempt at the individualization of the body axis syndrome in child functional
      neurology].

PMID- 1209068
TI  - [The hyperactive child].

PMID- 1209069
TI  - [Psychodynamics of minimal brain dysfunction].

PMID- 1209070
TI  - [Waardenburg's syndrome].

PMID- 1209071
TI  - [A longterm neurological study of 286 true premature child].

PMID- 1209073
TI  - [Psychopathology and psychometrics].

PMID- 1209072
TI  - [What psychiatry expects from the psychologist and from psychology].

PMID- 1209074
TI  - [The standardization of a set of verbal aptitude tests in the 5 to 8 year-old
      child].

PMID- 1209075
TI  - [Influence of the sociocultural environment on the results of the verbal aptitude
      tests in the child].

PMID- 1209076
TI  - [Relations between the parents' educational level and the children's success in
      PM 47. 1000 examinations].

PMID- 1209077
TI  - [Several aspects of the cognitive activity in the epileptic child and adolescent.
      Attempted clinical study].

PMID- 1209078
TI  - [Mental retardation and social cases. Study of the intellectual level of 575
      children, examined at the Bouches-du-Rhone Departmental Children's Home].

PMID- 1209079
TI  - [Vital and functional prognosis of supra-sellar meningiomas].

PMID- 1209080
TI  - [Signs of ophthalmologic involvement in tumors of the base of the cranium. A
      propos of a series of 42 cases].

PMID- 1209081
TI  - [Ocular signs of spheno-occipital chordomas. A propos of a case].

PMID- 1209082
TI  - [Prognosis of tumors of the olfactory placode].

PMID- 1209083
TI  - [Extension to the base of the skull of malignant tumors of the cavum and lateral
      wall of the oropharynx].

PMID- 1209084
TI  - [Approaches to the cavum].

PMID- 1209085
TI  - [Hypercalcemia and focal central neurological manifestations. Apropos of 2
      cases].

PMID- 1209086
TI  - [Embolization. Its value and indications in oto-neuro-ophthalmology].

PMID- 1209087
TI  - [Ocular manifestations in thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus].

PMID- 1209088
TI  - [The Cis AB complex of the ABO system].
AB  - Members of six unrelated families from Japan, France, Belgium and Poland were
      studied in parallel. Major immunological features characteristic of the phenotype
      produced by the Cis AB complex are the following: 1) The red cell A reactivity is
      close to normal, is beyond the values of agglutination scores by Helix and by
      anti-A from B; likewise, with percent agglutination measurements, A reactive
      appears hiher than that of A2B cells; one sample only is slightly detected by
      anti-A from Dolichos. 2) The B reactivity, on the contrary, is lower than that of
      normal AB cells. A single sample is detected by anti-B from A1. All samples are
      well detected by anti-B from AW, Aend, Ax, Am but none is detected by anti-B from
      ABx, Cis AB, or by an auto-anti-B. Under standard conditions, percent
      aggutination is around 80, very close to that of normal AB cells, thus
      differentiating Cis AB from AB3 (some of which only reach this figure), and from
      ABx which are very far from this value. 3) An abnormally high reactivity to anti
      H antibody is observed, higher than that of normal A2B, similar to that of A2 red
      cells. 4) Among secretors, A substance is found to be normal or in excess, H
      substance is in excess, while B substance is only detected by Cis AB red cells
      inhibition. 5)An anti-B antibody was identified in the samples studied; however,
      we recently received from Germany a Cis AB samples, the serum of which did not
      contain anti-B antibody. By these main characteristics, the studied samples seem
      to be identical; however, agglutination kinetics and thermodynamic methods show
      that they differ by their reaction with a same anti-B antibody in standard
      conditions. The reactive structures of the various samples are indeed different
      from one family to another. The main point is that identical values were observed
      in all samples within a same family. Thus, the various Cis AB can be considered
      as different families mutants.

PMID- 1209089
TI  - [Cold agglutinin with anti-B specificity in an A1B subject].
AB  - A high titre cold autoagglutinin with anti-B specificity was found in the serum
      of an A1B group individual. It was associated with a low titre anti-I. This anti
      B agglutinated most cells having a B antigen (normal B, A1B, A2B, from adult and
      cord bloods, B3), but failed to agglutinate Bx Cis-AB and Bh cells. Nevertheless,
      all these cells absorbed the anti-B SER  at low temperatures. Fixation elution
      tests were also positive on the patient's cells and three consecutive absorptions
      on these cells completely removed the anti-B activity. The Coombs test was
      positive with anti-complement anti-globulin when the cells were sensitized by the
      serum at 4 degrees C. It was negative when the cells were sensitized at 37
      degrees C. The patient did not show any sign of haemolysis. The anti-B was a IgM
      Kappa. Its reaction with normal B cells had an enthalpy change of - 36-000
      cal./mole, i.e. very different from O ANd A individuals, but similar to that of
      the erythrocytic I antigen - anti-i antibody reaction. Quantitative measurements
      showed the erythrocyte B antigen similar to that of control A1B cells.

PMID- 1209090
TI  - [The concept and classification of growth disorders].

PMID- 1209091
TI  - [Genetics in medicine: efficient methodology in its scientific-art].

PMID- 1209092
TI  - [Activity of antagonistic muscles: electromyographic study].

PMID- 1209093
TI  - [Temporary hepatic assistance. VI. Comparison of perfusion of isolated porcine
      liver with homologous blood and human blood. Perfusion characteristics and
      hepatocellular preservation].

PMID- 1209094
TI  - [Evaluation of circulation dynamics in muscles. II. Simultaneous muscle clearance
      of sodium-24 and xenon-133].

PMID- 1209095
TI  - [Radiographic study of the elongation of the cervical spine on traction].

PMID- 1209096
TI  - [Diffuse idiopathic endomyocardiopathy. Report of a case].

PMID- 1209097
TI  - [Medical education and the Brazilian hospital system].

PMID- 1209098
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins in infective liver diseases. I. Correlation between
      clinical and immunological aspects].

PMID- 1209099
TI  - [Lymphocyte lysosomal activity during viral hepatitis HBsAg positive].

PMID- 1209100
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins in infective liver diseases. II. Importance concerning
      diagnosis and etiopathogenesis].

PMID- 1209101
TI  - Team management of the burned child.

PMID- 1209102
TI  - Emergency treatment of drug overdose.

PMID- 1209104
TI  - Effects of altitude in persons with sickle hemoglobinopathies.

PMID- 1209103
TI  - Dr. Watson of Baker Street.

PMID- 1209106
TI  - Current trends in scabies.

PMID- 1209107
TI  - [Thoracic surgery in 1975].

PMID- 1209105
TI  - Coronary artery obstruction due to blunt trauma.

PMID- 1209108
TI  - [Birth and prospects of ex vivo surgery].

PMID- 1209109
TI  - [At what age should hypospadias be operated on?].

PMID- 1209110
TI  - [Some aspects of early diagnosis in cancerology].

PMID- 1209111
TI  - [Present status of the treatment of funnel chest].

PMID- 1209112
TI  - [Surgery of pleuro-pulmonary staphylococcal infections during the acute stage in
      children].

PMID- 1209113
TI  - [Hormonal surveillance of pregnancy. Fundamental bases. Value and limitations of
      its clinical applications].

PMID- 1209114
TI  - [General considerations on electrophysiology].

PMID- 1209115
TI  - [Pharmacology and classification of anti-arrhythmia agents].

PMID- 1209116
TI  - [Indications and surveillance of quinidine and disopyramide treatments].

PMID- 1209117
TI  - [Indications and surveillance of lignocaine and diphenylhydantoin treatments].

PMID- 1209118
TI  - [Procaine amide and ajmaline].

PMID- 1209119
TI  - [Indications and surveillance of amiodarone and bretylium treatments].

PMID- 1209120
TI  - [Hormonal surveillance of pregnancy. Fundamental bases. Value and limitations of
      its clinical applications].

PMID- 1209121
TI  - [Recent data in child and adolescent psychiatry].

PMID- 1209122
TI  - [Critical discussion of the classical concept of essential epilepsy in children].

PMID- 1209123
TI  - [Convulsive crises in children and psychology].

PMID- 1209124
TI  - [Practical approach to convulsive crises of undetectable cause in children].

PMID- 1209125
TI  - [Psychological and psychopathological consequences of mourning in children].

PMID- 1209126
TI  - [The child with a tic: who is he? How can he be helped? What is to become of
      him?].

PMID- 1209127
TI  - [Neurophysiological and clinical aspects of sleep disorders in children].

PMID- 1209128
TI  - [Psychopathology of sleep disorders in children].

PMID- 1209129
TI  - [The heart valves. Anatomy, physiology, output, and conditions for replacement].

PMID- 1209130
TI  - [Surgical indications in acquired valve diseases. Closed heart and open heart
      surgery].

PMID- 1209131
TI  - [Acquired valve diseases. Technical problems].

PMID- 1209132
TI  - [Surgery of acquired valve diseases. The surgical risk].

PMID- 1209133
TI  - [Acquired valve diseases. Postoperative surveillance. Monitoring examinations].

PMID- 1209135
TI  - [Long term results of heart valve replacements by prostheses].

PMID- 1209134
TI  - [Role of the general practitioner in the long term surveillance of patients with
      heart valve prostheses and detection of complications].

PMID- 1209136
TI  - [Role of myocardial pathology in failures of heart valve replacement surgery].

PMID- 1209137
TI  - [Malignant skin melanomas. introduction].

PMID- 1209138
TI  - [Melanogenesis].

PMID- 1209140
TI  - [Clinical differential diagnosis of malignant melanomas].

PMID- 1209141
TI  - [Histological diagnosis and prognosis of malignant melanomas].

PMID- 1209142
TI  - [Immunology of malignant melanoma. Current data].

PMID- 1209139
TI  - [Clinical aspects and course of malignant melanoma].

PMID- 1209143
TI  - [Urinary 5-S-cysteinyldopa levels in patients with malignant melanoma.
      Preliminary results].

PMID- 1209144
TI  - [Dermatologist's approach to malignant melanoma].

PMID- 1209145
TI  - [Treatment of malignant melanoma using radiation].

PMID- 1209146
TI  - [Chemotherapy of malignant melanoma].

PMID- 1209147
TI  - [Nonspecific immunostimulation and immunochemotherapy of melanomas].

PMID- 1209148
TI  - [Malignant skin melanomas.  Present situation and future perspectives].

PMID- 1209149
TI  - [Clinical nephrology continually renewed].

PMID- 1209150
TI  - [Nephrology in 1975].

PMID- 1209151
TI  - [Renal involvement in septicemia].

PMID- 1209152
TI  - [Home dialysis. 8-year experience in Languedoc-Rousillon].

PMID- 1209153
TI  - [Renal biopsy. 20 years later].

PMID- 1209154
TI  - [The coxopathies of Paget's disease. Radio-clinical and anatomopathological
      study].
AB  - A systematic study was carried out on 105 patients with Paget's disease (60 men
      and 45 women, average age 62 years) involving the acetabulum and/or the femoral
      head in the juxta-articular zone. In two-thirds of the patients only the pelvis
      (in particular the acetabulum) was affected, in a quarter both the pelvis and the
      femoral head were affected, and in one case in ten only the femoral head. 1. 18
      coincidental coxopathies should first be excluded (12 coxarthrosis, 2 coxitis,
      etx.). The occurrence of 17 percent of coxopathies not caused by Paget's disease
      is normal in older patients (Vignon and Jacquet; Sebban, Lequesne et al.). 2. In
      105 cases, there were only 50 coxopathies really due to Paget's disease, of which
      almost half remained painless. 3. This proportion did not vary with age. On the
      other hand, coxopathy was more frequent in patients with bipolar, pelvifemoral
      Paget's disease and above all in Paget's disease with acetabular protrusio. 4.
      The radiographic appearance is slightly different from that of coxarthrosis; the
      reduction in joint space is more often internal or supero-internal (50 percent of
      cases); osteophytosis is usually moderate (22 percent of cases), or absent (48
      percent). The geodes are rarely visible : 6 percent of cases. 5. The acquired
      bone deformations in patients with Paget's disease are classical. In 105 cases,
      the authors noted 14 acetabular protrusions, all with coxopathies, and 10 coxa
      vara, 5 of which had coxapathies. Anatomo-pathological studies did not reveal
      anything in particular about the bone : superimposition of the Paget's disease
      lesions and of the lesions usually found in cases of coxopathy due to overload,
      with a dense pressure cone. With reference to cartilage, the lesions of Paget's
      coxopathies presented several specific characteristics compared with those of
      common arthrosis : (1) the presence of particularly numerous cupshaped defects on
      the remaining cartilage; (2) a very basophilic, intra- and extra-cytoplasmic
      substance impregnated the chondroplasts of the bottom layer, nine times out of
      twenty-six, an anomaly not observed in cases of arthrosis; (3) pseudo-angiomatous
      vascular outgrowths from the bone, flush with the articular surface of the
      acetabulum are a source of bleeding during surgery.

PMID- 1209155
TI  - [Diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis and Paget's disease].
AB  - At the time of a personal observation of Paget's disease associated with a
      diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis (ACC) in a 75-year-old man suffering from
      diabetes and hyperuricaemia, the authors re-examined 61 patients suffering from
      Paget's disease to look for this association which had been previously mentioned
      by Radi et al. with the unusual frequency of 42 percent of cases. In 52 percent
      of their patients, who had undergone complete radiological examination of the
      skeleton, the authors found only one case of ACC, or 1.9 percent. Taking into
      account the respective frequencies of Paget's disease and of diffuse ACC in the
      general population aged more than 40 years, the results of this careful study led
      the authors to conclude that an association of ACC and Paget's disease is due to
      chance.

PMID- 1209156
TI  - Total body potassium measurements in 230 patients. A study of potassium
      depletion.
AB  - Three groups of patients with suspected potassium depletion were studied. Twenty
      nine obese patients were observed before and up to 1 year after an intestinal
      shunt operation. During the first week after operation they lost almost 3 grams
      of potassium per day. The percentage potassium loss was much larger than the
      percentage weight loss. A significant decrease of serum potassium was also noted
      during the first week after operation. In contrast to the total body potassium,
      however, the serum potassium remained within normal limits in all patients except
      two. Fourteen patients subjected to a cardiac operation also showed a significant
      decrease of total body potassium concentration 1 week after operation. The serum
      potassium remained within normal limits. In 187 patients with suspected potassium
      depletion the total body potassium had been measured, and the results were
      examined retrospectively. In 38 of these patients the measured total body
      potassium was outside a 94% confidence interval for an individually predicted
      value, even though 26 of these 38 patients were taking oral potassium chloride
      tablets. In 23 of these 38 patients two or three risk factors - hypoalbumin-emia,
      treatment with diuretics, and treatment with digitalis - were present
      simultaneously, and in 10 patients one factor was present. Only 8 of the 38
      patients had a low serum potassium value. It may therefore be concluded that the
      total body potassium measurement, when compared with an individually predicted
      value, seems to be more sensitive in estimation of potassium depletion than the
      commonly used serum potassium method.

PMID- 1209157
TI  - Mechanisms in acute oliguric renal failure induced by tetracycline infusion.
AB  - Tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), 30-70 mg/kg infused intravenously in dogs in the
      course of a few minutes, reduced clearance of inulin (Cin) and p-aminohippuric
      acid (CPAH) on an average to less than 5% of control. In spite of increased
      intrarenal pressure (approximately 50 mm Hg), electromagnetically recorded renal
      blood flow was preserved, indicating that the reduction of Cin and CPAH resulted
      from tubular obstruction, not renal vasoconstriction. The metabolic rate of the
      cortex and outer medulla fell to 69% of control after TC, as measured by the heat
      accumulation rate. Further reduction to basal metabolic level (30% of control)
      was reversibly produced by elevating ureteral pressure, suggesting that the high
      metabolic rate was caused by continued active reabsorption of sodium chloride at
      about half the control rate. Thus Cin greatly underestimated glomerular
      filtration rate in the TC-damaged kidney. From these results and the observation
      of TC-containing casts in the medullary tubules, we conclude that TC caused
      tubular obstruction and that leakage of inulin and PAH from the tubules occurred
      mainly distally to the major sodium-reabsorbing tubular segments.

PMID- 1209158
TI  - Wash-out of intraparenchymally injected Xenon-133 as a parameter of liver blood
      flow in the dog.
AB  - The method of intraparenchymal injection of xenon-133 for measurement of blood
      flow was evaluated for use in the liver. Repeated injections in the same liver
      gave rise to a great range of flow values, pointing to a heterogeneous liver
      perfusion. The use of single measurements for determination of liver blood flow
      with this method is not acceptable. Comparison between different livers is only
      possible when several injections are made and the results are given a statistical
      characterization. Flow values obtained generally did not correlate well with
      values determined by other methods. The method therefore seems suitable only for
      comparative and qualitative studies.

PMID- 1209159
TI  - Compensation for geometric changes during monitoring of 133Xe washout from
      subcutaneous adipose tissue.
AB  - A method is described for automatic compensation of changes in geometry during
      monitoring of 133Xe-washout curves from subcutaneous depots. A 99mTc source is
      placed on the skin over the 133Xe depot, and both isotopes are counted
      simultaneously. Variations in the 99mTc activity (corrected for radioactive
      decay) reflects changes in counting geometry and efficiency and are used for
      correction of the 133Xe elimination curve. The method permits accurate
      elimination curves to be obtained from subjects exercising on a bicycle ergometer
      or running a treadmill.

PMID- 1209160
TI  - The influence of fatty acids on serum thyroxine determination by competitive
      protein-binding radioassay.
AB  - Thyroxine concentration, determined by competitive protein-binding radioassay
      (T4(D)), increased in serum stored at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The increase
      correlated well with the increase in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). In vitro
      addition of NEFA to serum and in vivo increase in NEFA induced by post-prandial
      heparin injection resulted in a proportional increase in T4(D) values. Protein
      bound iodine and thyroxine concentration, as determined by radioimmunoassay, were
      not influenced by storage and changes in NEFA concentration. NEFA interfere with
      T4(D), leading to elevated results.

PMID- 1209161
TI  - Evaluation of an in vitro assay of lecithin:cholesterol acyl transfer rate in
      plasma.
AB  - Crucial and previously criticized points in a slightly modified version of the
      Stokke-Norum assay of fractional lecithin:cholesterol acyl transfer (LACT) rate
      in plasma were studied. LCAT activity in the albumin added to the assay medium
      and negative influence of remaining organic solvent were important sources of
      error that it was necessary to eliminate. The assumption of equilibration of
      labeled cholesterol among lipoproteins in vitro was supported experimentally.
      Addition of isolated chylomicrons had no influence on initial LACT rate.
      Incubation time was decreased to 20 minutes to obtain a better estimate of
      initial LCAT rate in normals. Using gas-liquid chromatography to determine
      unesterified cholesterol concentration, the precision of measurement of molar
      LCAT rate was 5.2 per cent (coefficient of variation). Molar LCAT rate in healthy
      males 20-60 years of age was 56-130 mumol-1(-1)-h-1 (mean +/- 2 S.D.) and
      compared well with reports from other laboratories and in vivo measurements. At
      present this methodology is considered to be suitable for studies of LCAT and
      cholesterol turnover in different metabolic situations and clinical materials.

PMID- 1209162
TI  - Effect of long-term administration of ethanol to the rat: lipids, collagen and
      other proteins, and Mallory bodies in the liver.
AB  - Rats drank ethanol, on the average 1.20 g/100 g body weight, for various periods
      up to nearly 300 days. Experimental variables included a high-fat, low-protein
      diet, administration of additional ethanol by stomach tube, and CCl4 injections
      instead of ethanol. Growth was retarded by all the variables, especially by the
      high-fat, low-protein diet. The specific histological finding in the ethanol
      groups was the presence of Mallory bodies. Significant increase in total liver
      lipids was caused by ethanol, and rapid fat accumulation, inflammatory changes,
      and even fibrosis and cirrhosis by the high-fat, low-protein diet and the CCl4
      injections. Ethanol raised the concentrations of collagen and soluble protein in
      the liver; the collagen content was increased also by the high-fat, low-protein
      diet and the CCl4 injections. The incorporation of proline to collagen was
      stimulated in incubated liver slices from both ethanol-treated and high-fat, low
      protein-fed rats. These treatments also increased the concentration of free
      proline in the liver, thus augmenting the protein synthesis in fibroblasts.

PMID- 1209163
TI  - Diameter of the afferent arteriole in the dog kidney estimated by the microsphere
      method.
AB  - Microspheres with diameters of from 10 to 30 mum were injected into the renal
      arteries of three anesthetized dogs. The six kidneys were studied by light
      microscopy. The diameters of the spheres trapped in the afferent arterioles and
      of all spheres recovered in the kidneys were recorded. On the basis of the
      distribution of diameters in these two populations of spheres, the average
      diameter of the afferent arteriole and the distribution of the afferent
      arteriolar diameters were estimated. The average diameter of the afferent
      arterioles was 16.3 mum (S.D. 2.2 mum), without any difference between three
      cortical layers of equal thickness. The mean diameter of spheres trapped in the
      interlobular arteries was 25.7 mum (S.D. 2.6). It is suggested that the pressure
      drop along some interlobular arteries may be of physiological importance,
      affecting the autoregulation of blood flow in the renal cortex.

PMID- 1209165
TI  - The venomotor response to static muscular exercise.
AB  - The venous blood pressure response to static muscular exercise was studied in
      seven young normal subjects by the occluded-limb technique. A slight pressure
      increase was obtained during the first seconds of the contraction period. Then
      the pressure response subsided, and the control level was reached after 1/2-1 1/2
      min despite sustained contraction. The response was of the same type as that
      elicited by a voluntary deep breath, but usually of lesser magnitude. It seems to
      differ from the response to dynamic muscular exercise, suggesting that a
      continuous stiffening of the capacitance vessels, to maintain a high venous
      response, is not needed to the same extent during static muscular exercise. In
      previous studies a similar pressure increase has been obtained during short
      lasting static muscular exercise. The present study shows that this pressure
      increase is confined to the initial part of the contraction period. Observations
      made after administration of phenoxybenzamine and atropine indicate that the
      venomotor response is mediated through sympathetic adrenergic nerves.

PMID- 1209164
TI  - Relationship between urine flow, glomerular filtration, and urine solute
      concentrations during prolonged heavy exercise.
AB  - Serum and urine electrolytes, creatinine, and urea were determined in 21 well
      trained men, aged 21-56 years, in connection with a 70-km cross-country ski race,
      lasting 4.39-6.52 h, leading to slight dehydration. Although the race urine flow
      was low, averaging 0.41 (0.1-0.9) ml/min, the average urine concentrations of
      urea, Na, Ca, Mg, Cl and P were markedly lower than during the preceding night,
      while the concentrations of K and creatinine were higher, the total of measured
      solutes being 621 nmol/l, compared with 911 nmol/l during the preceding night.
      Decreasing urine flow and endogenous creatinine clearance were accompanied by a
      falling urine solute concentration, particularly when the race creatinine
      clearance decreased to below 70 ml/min, mainly due to a fall in the urea, Na, and
      Cl concentrations. Thus, a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate was
      accompanied by a progressive decline in the urine concentrating ability.

PMID- 1209166
TI  - Comparison between arm and leg exercise in women and men.
AB  - Arm and leg work was performed on bicycle ergometers in sitting position by
      fourteen women and sixteen men. Heart rate, minute volume of ventilation (VE),
      and oxygen consumption (VO2) were measured. Arm exercise was performed until
      (muscular) exhaustion, leg exercise up to a heart rate of circa 170 beats/min. At
      comparable work loads arm exercise evoked higher VO2, VE, and heart rate than leg
      exercise irrespective of sex. At comparable VO2, the heart rate and VE were
      higher during arm work in both sexes, VE more so among the men. With the same
      limbs working, the mechanical efficiency was equal in both sexes. The regression
      coefficients of heart rate on load or VO2 was higher for the women irrespective
      of work type. A close correlation was obtained between working capacity at a
      heart rate of 170 beats/min (W170) during leg and arm exercise and between W170
      of leg exercise and W150, similarly calculated during arm work. Thus W170 of leg
      exercise could be calculated from either a maximal or submaximal arm work.

PMID- 1209167
TI  - A comparative study of meningoencephalitis epidemics caused by echovirus type 7
      and coxsackievirus type B5. Clinical and virological observations during two
      epidemics in northern Sweden.
AB  - Two epidemics of meningoencephalitis caused by echovirus type 7 and
      coxsackievirus type B 5 in the summer and autumn of 1973 in Umea in Northern
      Sweden were compared. Most patients with echovirus 7 meningoencephalitis were
      neck stiff and 50% had a polymorphonuclear pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid
      (CSF). The illness was usually mild. It appears to be the first time that an
      epidemic caused by this virus is described from Scandinavia. On the other hand
      most patients with coxsackievirus B 5 meningoencephalitis showed a more profound
      involvement of the central nervous system, with abnormal electroencephalograms in
      70% and a long convalescence period. The number of cells in CSF was normal in 70%
      of these patients.

PMID- 1209168
TI  - Echovirus type 4 infections in Scotland, 1971-72.
AB  - An outbreak of infection due to echovirus 4 in Scotland involving 194 cases
      during 1971-72 is described. Clinical and epidemiological information was
      obtained and analysed for 181 patients, of whom 149 (82%) developed aseptic
      meningitis. The majority of cases were older children (39%) and young adults
      (40%), although the highest attack rate was in infants (10.5 per 100,000
      population). An unusual feature of the outbreak was its biphasic nature with
      cases occurring largely in the same geographic areas in successive years.

PMID- 1209169
TI  - Effects of viral and Mycoplasma infections on the ultrastructure of human
      skeletal muscle.
AB  - The ultrastructure of skeletal muscle from 10 patients confined to bed for about
      one week with different viral or mycoplasma infections has been studied in the
      acute phase of the disease and 1 1/2 and 4 months later. Focal deviations from
      normal ultrastructure were found in the first muscle biopsy. The changes were
      less pronounced after 1 1/2 months and absent after 4 months. In 5 healthy
      controls, confined to bed for one week, normal ultrastructure was found on
      corresponding occasions.

PMID- 1209170
TI  - Acute glomerulonephritis complicating Australia antigen-negative viral hepatitis.
AB  - A case of acute glomerulonephritis complicating Australia antigen-negative
      hepatitis in a 17-year-old man is described. The literature relating the onset of
      glomerulonephritis to virus infection is general, and to that of hepatitis in
      particular, is reviewed.

PMID- 1209171
TI  - Letter: Epidemiological aspects of impetigo contagiosa in Western Sweden.

PMID- 1209172
TI  - Vasectomy for voluntary male sterilisation.
AB  - Vasectomy was performed in 90 men in Department of Surgery II of the University
      Central Hospital of Helsinki during the period January 1st, 1972 to December
      31st, 1973. Operation was performed on an ambulatory basis under local
      anesthesia. After resection and ligation of vas deferens the cut ends were placed
      in different fascial planes in order to avoid recanalisation. The patients were
      mainly in the age group 31-40 years. Seven patients had postoperative
      complications, scrotal hematoma being the most common. Recanalisation was found
      in one patient, in whom a new operation was performed. The author stresses the
      importance of a correct vasectomy method, histological verification of the
      divided vasa and most of all the postoperative sperm analysis. Two negative sperm
      analyses with an interval of at least 1 month must be recorded before sterility
      can be confirmed.

PMID- 1209173
TI  - Creatine phosphokinase in prostatic tissue.
AB  - A histochemical study of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in the rat ventral prostate
      revealed that the epithelial cells had a high cytoplasmic activity which was
      retained or even increased when the cells were atrophic as a consequence of
      castration. Both the fibromuscular stroma, which is prominent in the ventral
      prostate of castrated rats, and the secretion had a high level of activity. In
      human benign prostatic tissue where CPK was present in the epithelium, secretion
      and stroma, pronounced differences in activity could sometimes be observed
      between the epithelium of adjacent acini and also between cells in the same
      acinus. There was no obvious correlation between CPK activity and degree of
      epithelial hyperplasia. The activity in carcinomatous prostatic epithelial cells
      varied considerably between specimen from different patients but was uniform
      within a given specimen in contrast to the variation of epithelial CPK activity
      within non-carcinomatous tissue. Thus, a difference in the pattern of CPK
      activity was observed between malignant and non-malignant epithelial cells.

PMID- 1209174
TI  - The lobes of the human prostate.
AB  - A dissection technique for the huamn prostate has been developed on about one
      hundred male autopsies, which makes it possible to delimit two dorsal, two
      lateral and two median lobes, each with separate ducts. It was found that both
      the dorsal lobesand the lateral lobes join dorsally to the ejaculatory ducts. The
      median lobes are situated below the medial parts of the seminal vesicles, and are
      closely apposed both ventrally and dorsally of the ejaculatory ducts. The ability
      to delimit the prostatic lobes in man may offer new opportunities to study the
      relation of prostatic diseases to different lobes as well as the hormonal
      dependency of the separate lobes.

PMID- 1209176
TI  - The prognostic value of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity in
      biopsy specimens from patients with reactivated prostatic cancer.
AB  - The quotient between the activities of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase in
      biopsy specimens of malignant prostatic tissue varied among 11 patients with
      reactivated, estrogen-resistant prostatic carcinoma. No correlation was found
      between the quotient and the therapeutic response to estramustine phosphate. In
      biopsy specimens obtained after 2 months' treatment, the quotient was lower in
      those patients who responded to the treatment. Thus, the quotient before
      treatment is of no prognostic use but diminution of the quotient found after
      treatment for 2 months is a sign of good clinical effect of the therapy.

PMID- 1209175
TI  - Magnesium and zinc in seminal fluid of healthy males and patients with non-acute
      prostatitis with and without gonorrhoea.
AB  - The concentrations of magnesium and zinc in the seminal fluid of 41 patients with
      symptoms of non-acute prostatitis and of 11 healthy age-matched males were
      determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Possible sources of error in
      the determination of these metals in seminal fluid are discussed. The mean
      concentration of magnesium in the patients was 56.6 mug/ml (range 19-190) and in
      the controls 64.5 mug/ml (range 36-165). The corresponding figures for zinc were
      79.2 mug/ml (range 13-283) and 67.5 mug/mg (range 34-116). Both in the patients
      and in the controls there was a significant correlation between the concentration
      of magnesium and that of zinc. No significant difference was found between the
      patients and the controls regarding the concentration of magnesium or zinc. From
      none of the patients could gonococci be cultured. However, in 6 of them,
      immunofluorescent studies revealed gonococci. The concentration of zinc (48.3
      mug/ml) in seminal fluid from these 6 patients was significantly lower than in
      the remaining 35. Neither in the patients, nor in the controls, was any
      correlation found between the concentration of magnesium or zinc and that of
      fructose in seminal fluid. A significant correlation was found between the
      concentrations of these metals and the antibacterial activity (determined as the
      inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus albus) of the seminal fluid
      from the patients. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of
      zinc and an increase in the number of white blood cells in expressed prostatic
      fluid. No correlation was found between magnesium or zinc and the number of
      spermatozoa or the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa. The findings in the
      present study suggest that the secretion of magnesium and zinc is decreased in
      prostatitis. Because of the wide range of variation of magnesium and zinc in
      seminal fluid of healthy males, determination of these metals is of limited value
      in the diagnoses of prostatitis in a given case.

PMID- 1209178
TI  - Surgical treatment of ureterocele. A follow-up study of 56 operated cases in 52
      adult patients.
AB  - A material covering 25 years and comprising 52 patients with 56 surgically
      treated ureteroceles was followed up over periods varying from 3 to 27 years, the
      average being 12 years. The initial symptoms and treatment are described. Most of
      the patients were treated with transurethral diathermy incision of the
      ureteroceles. 10 patients had died before the follow-up and one could not be
      located. 73% of the remaining 41 patients had no complaints at follow-up and 71%
      of the patients treated with transurethral incision were symptomatically cured.
      Vesico-ureteric reflux was demonstrated in 9 patients, of whom 3 had
      pyelonephritic changes in the kidneys. The groups of patients treated with
      resection or excision of the ureteroceles were too small to allow significant
      conclusions.

PMID- 1209177
TI  - Urinary protein patterns in patients with uroepithelial tumours. Effect of
      surgery and radiotherapy.
AB  - Albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulins A, G and M were determined in both serum
      and urine from 84 patients with uroepithelial tumours. There were 76 patients
      with bladder tumours, of which 19 had previously received radiotherapy and 51
      were untreated, whereas the remaining 6 had required a urinary diversion with
      nephrostomy or cutaneous ureterostomy because of ureteric tumour obstruction.
      Eight patients with tumours situated in the renal pelvis or ureter were examined,
      seven of these eight patients could be examined both before and after surgical
      treatment. The changes in urinary protein patterns were compared with the results
      of various types of treatment of uroepithelial tumours. A significant reduction
      in urinary proteins was seen after successful treatment, or when the urinary flow
      was diverted so that it had no tumour contact.

PMID- 1209180
TI  - Effects of spinal anaesthesia, lidocaine, and morphine, on the motility of the
      human ureter in vivo.
AB  - A new, sensitive technique for recording intraureteral pressure was used to
      investigate the effects of spinal anaesthesia, lidocaine, and morphine on
      ureteral peristalsis in 21 female patients. Spinal anaesthesia, comprising the
      segments up to ThX-Th III, did not affect ureteral motility, nor did morphine
      given intravenously in a 15 mg dose. Four to 8 ml 4% lidocaine injected into the
      renal pelvis, after an initial, brief period of stimulation, markedly reduced
      ureteral peristalsis. Normal ureteral activity returned within 15-30 min. It is
      concluded that the activity in extraneous autonomous nerves is of minor
      importance for ureteral peristalsis, and that morphine, in doses used clinically,
      does not affect ureteral motility.

PMID- 1209179
TI  - Recording of intraureteric pressures in women with a new technique.
AB  - This paper describes a new technique for recording intraureteric pressures
      (ureterometry) and its application in the examination of ureteric peristalsis in
      20 women. A multichannel catheter, connected to pressure transducers permits
      recording of the intraureteric pressure simultaneously at three levels, 5-7, 15
      17, 25-27 cm from the ureteric orifice. The mean amplitudes of the peristaltic
      waves at these 3 levels were about 14, 19 and 26 cm H2O, respectively. The
      peristaltic travel rate averaged 33 mm per second in the lower and 40 mm per
      second in the upper part of the ureter. This technique was also used to study the
      ureteral function in women undergoing Wertheim hysterectomy. Moreover it was used
      to investigate the influence of different drugs and anaesthesias on ureteral
      motility. Simultaneous ureterometry and ureteropyelography gave the opportunity
      to correlate the morphology of the ureter to the intraureteric pressure. From
      consideration of space the results of these investigations are presented
      elsewhere (Ulmsten, 1974a).

PMID- 1209181
TI  - The urinary excretion and serum concentration of calcium, magnesium, sodium and
      phosphate in male patients with recurring renal stone formation.
AB  - Only about 20% of renal stone cases have an unquestionable cause such as
      hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis etc. explaining their stone
      formation. About 20-40% are believed to result from idiopathic hypercalciuria.
      The purpose of the present investigation was to study the renal excretion of
      calcium, magnesium, sodium and phosphate in 47 consecutive men with recurring
      renal stone formation without a demonstrable underlining metabolic disease and,
      for comparison, 43 normal men. The results are related to previous hypotheses on
      renal stone formation. No difference in urinary calcium (either concentration or
      excretion) per day is found between the two groups. Consequently the concept of
      idiopathic hypercalciuria is questioned. The Mg/Ca ratio in urine is found lower
      in the stone patients than in the controls, suggesting that the Mg/Ca ratio might
      be of importance in stone formation.

PMID- 1209182
TI  - Incidence, morbidity and complications of renal and ureteral calculi in a well
      defined geographical area.
AB  - In a well defined geographical area with only one hospital, the incidence of
      upper urinary tract stone was found to be 180 per 100 000 inhabitants, a figure
      not substantially higher than that reported more than 30 years ago. The
      male/female ratio was 3.6:1. The mean frequency of recurrence was 40% and the
      mean frequency of infection 12%. Hyperparathyroidism was found in 1.4% of all
      cases. Thirty-five per cent of the patients required hospital treatment and 19%
      needed operation. Renal pelvic stone was more common in the female (22%) than in
      the male (8.5%) patients. Spontaneous passage of stone occurred in 87.5% of the
      men and in 81.5% of the women. No seasonal variation in the onset of acute pain
      was demonstrable.

PMID- 1209183
TI  - Renal function in experimental chronic hydronephrosis. I. Backflow studies with
      dextran.
AB  - By ligation of the ureter, causing partial ureteral stenosis, unilateral
      hydronephrosis was induced in 10 dogs. Renal function studies including creatine
      clearance and osmolality determination were performed both before and after the
      ureteral ligation. The renal function analysis after induction of hydronephrosis
      included pyelovenous and pyelolymphatic reflux studies, with deposition of
      dextran in the renal pelvis at different intrapelvic pressures. Analysis with
      respect to sodium, potassium, chloride and dextran in the thoracic duct lymph,
      peripheral blood and urine from the intact kidney were performed. The results
      show a reduction of the renal function in hydronephrosis, little transport of
      dextran via the lymph and blood, and no significant increase in the lymphatic
      transport of the studied ions on elevation of the intrapelvic pressure.

PMID- 1209184
TI  - Renal function in experimental chronic hydronephrosis. II. Backflow studies with
      radionuclides.
AB  - Studies of backflow in experimental unilateral chronic hydronephrosis in dogs
      with a known residual renal function and renal pelvic volume were performed with
      radioactively labelled substances with molecular weights of ca. 600, 5 200 and 68
      000 placed in the hydronephrotic renal pelvis. Three different pressure levels in
      the renal pelvis were used. Isotope concentrations were determined in the
      thoracic duct lymph, 0lood and urine from the contralateral kidney. The greater
      part of the test substances appeared to pass to the blood circulation, while a
      smaller part was found in the lymphatic ducts. The largest molecule, however, was
      only able to leave the renal pelvis to any appreciable extent at the highest
      pressure. In kidneys with a low grade of hydronephrosis and well preserved
      function, a relatively large amount of test substance left the renal pelvis (ca.
      10-15%). In more advanced grades of hydronephrosis with greater impairment of
      renal function, the backflow was considerably less.

PMID- 1209185
TI  - The relationship between hepatitis B antigen, e-antigen, and liver-pathology in
      patients treated with dialysis.
AB  - The relationship between hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag), e-antigen and liver
      pathology was studied in 27 patients who had died after regular dialysis
      treatment. The examination of the liver histology was done without knowledge of
      the history of the patient. Seventeen of the patients were HB Ag positive at
      death and had been carriers of the antigen for between 1 and 57 months. Two had
      chronic aggressive hepatitis and 10 chronic persistent hepatitis, but 5 had no
      histological signs of chronic hepatitis. e-antigen could be found in blood
      samples from all these patients. The cause of kidney disease, duration of
      dialysis and time of carriership of HB Ag showed the same variation among the
      patients without as among the patients with signs of chronic hepatitis. Two
      patients who had been HB Ag positive but were negative at death had no signs of
      chronic hepatitis. HB Ag positive samples available from one of these patients
      were also positive for e-antigen. Eight patients who were constantly negative for
      HB Ag were also negative for e-antigen. One of them had autopsy findings of a
      chronic persistent hepatitis. There were thus very moderate or even no
      histological signs of chronic hepatitis among these patients in spite of
      prolonged carriership of HB Ag. A very close correlation between HB Ag and e
      antigen was also found.

PMID- 1209186
TI  - Exstrophy of the bladder. Fifty years' survival following cystosigmoidostomy.
      Case report.

PMID- 1209187
TI  - Bladder papilloma in a child. Case report.
AB  - A case of bladder papilloma in a 12-year-old boy is presented. He had had
      painless, intermittent hematuria. An excretory urogram revealed a filling defect
      in the bladder. A walnut-sized, pedunculated papilloma was removed by
      transvesical extirpation. Histological examination showed a papillary bladder
      tumour, grade 1 (Bergkvist et al., 1965). Our patient also had a Cushing syndrome
      and later a bilateral adrenalectomy was done. The coexistence of two such rare
      conditions may not be purely coincidental. Control cystoscopies have shown no
      sign of tumoral recurrence.

PMID- 1209188
TI  - Traumatic renal arteriovenous fistula treated by ligation and preservation of the
      kidney.
AB  - A case with traumatic renal arteriovenous fistula is presented. The diagnosis was
      established by selective renal angiography. The fistula was treated by ligation
      and division of the feeding artery. Postoperative angiography revealed complete
      closure of the fistula. The aetiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and
      treatment of renal arteriovenous fistula are discussed.

PMID- 1209189
TI  - Arterial hypertension due to a renin-producing renal carcinoma.
AB  - The case history of a patient with arterial hypertension and increased plasma
      renin activity is reported. The causative pathology was found to be a renal
      carcinoma. After nephrectomy both blood pressure and plasma renin activity
      returned to normal.

PMID- 1209190
TI  - Issues in milieu treatment.

PMID- 1209191
TI  - Psychiatric rehabilitation.

PMID- 1209192
TI  - The Donaldson decision.

PMID- 1209193
TI  - An individualized psychotherapeutic approach with the schizophrenic patient.

PMID- 1209194
TI  - Letter: Improving community care--some comments.

PMID- 1209195
TI  - Family and social management of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1209196
TI  - Pulmonary gas exchange in asymptomatic smokers and nonsmokers.
AB  - Pulmonary gas exchange has been studied in 14 healthy smokers and 16 healthy
      nonsmokers (mean age: 36 years) breathing hypoxic, normoxic and hyperoxic gas
      mixtures, in a sitting position, at rest and on exercise. Alveolar-arterial
      oxygen tension difference is increased in smokers in hypoxia, at rest and on
      exercise, and the pulmonary diffusing capacity for oxygen is decreased. In
      normoxia the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference is increased on
      exercise. There is no difference between the two groups in hyperoxia. For the
      whole group there exists a negative relationship between (A-a)DO2 in normoxia and
      the diffusion indices measured on exercise. Arterio-alveolar carbon dioxide
      tension difference and the ratio physiological dead space/tidal volume are almost
      identical in both groups in any condition. A diffusion defect seems to be the
      more constant alteration of gas exchange in asymptomatic smokers.

PMID- 1209197
TI  - Course and outcome of pregnancy in women with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AB  - Medical registrations of births in Norway during 1967 and 1968 were utilized in a
      study of the course and outcome of pregnancy in 542 women with pulmonary
      tuberculosis. A comparison with 112,530 pregnancies in women reporting no disease
      was made. Tuberculous women were found to have an excess of pregnancy
      complications, miscarriage, and labour difficulties. Their live births, however,
      were comparable with respect to gestation period, birth weight, morbid conditions
      and mortality to those of women reporting no disease.

PMID- 1209198
TI  - Uptake of 67Ga in malignant lesions of the lung and lymphatic tissue.
AB  - Thirty-nine patients were given 67Ga intravenously before thoracotomy because of
      suspected lung cancer. Specimens of relevant tissue were removed and counted in a
      well-counter. The uptake of 67Ga in bronchogenic epidermoid and anaplastic
      tumours was greater than the uptake in normal lung tissue, while the uptake in
      adenocarcinomas seemed to be equal to that in normal tissue. Two out of seven
      benign lesions showed greater uptake than normal tissue. Thus 67Ga seems to be of
      limited value in the differentiation of malignant from benign lesions of the
      lung. The uptake in lymphatic tissue showed a great variation which did not
      indicate whether metastases were present or not. For this reason 67Ga seems to be
      of no use for demonstration of metastases in regional lymph nodes from cancer of
      the lung.

PMID- 1209199
TI  - Arterial to end-tidal CO2 difference in respiratory disease.
AB  - The difference in CO2 tension between arterial blood and end-tidal alveolar gas
      (a-end-tidal)DCO2 was found to correlate fairly well with the VD/VT ratio in 13
      healthy subjects and 50 patients with pulmonary diseases (r = 0.74), and to
      discriminate between healthy subjects and patient groups at least as effectively
      as did the VD/VT ratio. An increase in breathing frequency from 8 to 32/min,
      without simultaneous change in alveolar ventilation, was associated with a mean
      increase in (a-end-tidal) DCO2 of several mmHg in both the healthy subjects and
      the patient groups. It is concluded that measurement of (a-end-tidal)DCO2 seems
      to be a clinically useful alternative to measurement of VD/VT ratio for
      evaluation of the wasted ventilation component, provided that the effect of the
      breathing frequency on (a-end-tidal) DCO2 is taken into account.

PMID- 1209200
TI  - Monosymptomatic exudative pleurisy in persons exposed to asbestos dust.
AB  - Among 25 persons with monosymptomatic exudative pleurisy of unknown etiology
      there were 11 men who had been exposed to asbestos. Ten of them were investigated
      during an observation period of 4 to 8 years. The exudate was more or less
      sanguinolent, had a prolonged course and recurred on the same or opposite side in
      the majority of cases. Large numbers of eosinophilic cells were present in seven
      exudates. Clinical symptoms were very discrete. After the disappearance of the
      exudate, persisting pleural thickening was present in nine patients.
      Decortication was performed in four of these patients and signs of non-specific
      chronic pleurisy was found. Asbestos bodies were found in one case and suspected
      in another. No other etiological signs were observed in any of the 11 men during
      the period of observation. At the end of the period of observation, radiological
      signs of mild basal pulmonary fibrosis were found in one patient and signs
      suggestive of this were present in a further three patients. Six of the men were
      troubled by dyspnoea. Three of these had reduced physical working capacity owing
      to respiratory factors. It is concluded that asbestos should be suspected as the
      causative factor in monosymptomatic exudative pleurisy if other etiological
      factors can be excluded.

PMID- 1209201
TI  - Simple electrocardiographic features of importance for prognosis in severe
      chronic bronchial obstruction.
AB  - 228 patients between 40-69 years old, with chronic bronchila obstruction (FEV1
      1.51/s or less) mainly due to chronic bronchitis were investigated by means of
      E.C.G. examinations. All patients had been referred to hospital for treatment or
      examination. Prognosis regarding survival after 4 years was calculated for
      various values of QRS axis, PII amplitude, and ischaemic changes in E.C.G.
      Survival was very poor in the groups of patients with an E.C.G. showing a QRS
      axis +90 degrees to +180 degrees and a PII amplitude of 0.20 mV or more. Only 37%
      and 42% of the patients with these respective changes were alive after 4 years.
      There was a 65% survival among patients with only ischaemic changes in E.C.G.
      This last result was based on few patients and probably influenced by selection.
      It was not significantly different from the 75% survival after 4 years among
      patients with normal E.C.G. Age and severity of bronchial obstruction had a small
      additional influence on survival in patients with abnormal E.C.G. Survival was
      nearly the same for all age groups and for all degrees of obstruction in patients
      with normal E.C.G. Patients with abnormalities in R/S in precordial leads V1 or
      V6 usually had abnormal extremity leads also. The patients who had changes in
      precordial leads as well as standard leads had a very low survival after 4 years.
      Patients with changes only in standard leads had a significantly better survival
      than patients with changes in precordial leads as well, but a significantly lower
      survival after 4 years than patients with normal E.C.G. It is suggested that an
      E.C.G. with a QRS axis +90 degrees to +180 degrees and/or a PII amplitude 0.20 mV
      or more in patients with bronchial obstruction indicates the presence of cor
      pulmonale even when precordial leads are normal. Survival in the first 4 to 6
      years in patients with severe chronic bronchial obstruction is mainly related to
      the presence or absence of electrocardiographic signs of cor pulmonale rather
      than to the degree of obstruction.

PMID- 1209202
TI  - Ruptured aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery.
AB  - Femoral arterial aneurysms are rare, but their existence must be considered in
      cases of acute ischaemia of the leg or the occurrence of a pulsating swelling in
      the groin. Surgical intervention is mandatory, and venous autografts should be
      preferred to synthetic grafts. With adequate therapy, the prognosis is
      favourable, but the coexistence of multiple aneurysms should always be borne in
      mind. A successfully treated case of ruptured femoral aneurysm, combined with
      abdominal aortic aneurysm, is reported.

PMID- 1209204
TI  - Surgical correction of aortic valve stenosis with persistent ductus arterious and
      servere pulmonary hypertension.
AB  - This is a report of a case in which the unusual association of severe aortic
      valve stenosis with persistent ductus arteriosus complicated by severe pulmonary
      hypertension, was diagnosed and correction of the anatomical lesions carried out
      in one stage. Re-investigation after one year showed that the duct was closed,
      the pulmonary artery pressure was lower than before the operation and the
      gradient across the aortic valve reduced. A modern approach to treatment based on
      full cardiac assessment is stressed. Problems arising during the operation are
      discussed.

PMID- 1209203
TI  - The Bjork-Shiley tilting disc valve prosthesis. Echocardiographic findings.
AB  - The echograms obtained following Bjork-Shiley valve replacement are described
      first, on an experimental model and later, in vivo. The echogram obtained
      consisted essentially of four main horizontal waves. Their origin is clarified.
      In artificially created peri-prosthesis leaks, a normal trace was obtained, while
      in trans-prosthesis leaks, a reduction in amplitude of motion occurred and the
      valve remained open in diastole (aortic valve). In vivo, a normal trace was
      obtained in peri-prosthesis leaks. Trans-prosthesis leaks with the Bjork-Shiley
      valve have not hitherto been described, but the potential of echoscanning in
      detecting disc dysfunction is put forward.

PMID- 1209205
TI  - In vitro test of heart muscle viability.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to establish viability criteria for hearts
      perfused with a non-biological synthetic perfusate in a Langendorff type
      preparation. During hypothermic perfusion, the only discriminant between eight
      undamaged and four hypoxically damaged hearts was resistance to perfusion flow.
      At near normothermic conditions, the damaged hearts exhibited a decreased
      respiratory rate. It was also suggested that adrenalin stress of the isolated
      heart might be useful instead of orthotopic transplantation, as a final test of
      viability.

PMID- 1209206
TI  - Comparative haemodynamic effects of glucagon and isoprenaline in the early
      postoperative period in cardiac surgery.
AB  - In order to study the haemodynamic effects of isoprenaline and glucagon in the
      immediate postoperative period, 16 patients who had single or multiple valve
      replacement or coronary artery bypass grafts were investigated. Measurements of
      cardiac index, stroke index, heart rate, arterial and right atrial mean pressures
      were made either before, during, or after the administration of both drugs. With
      the doses used, the inotropic effects of both drugs are similar, while the
      chronotropic action is statistically higher during isoprenaline infusion than
      after glucagon administration. This fact explains the greater increase in cardiac
      index after isoprenaline administration. Mean arterial pressure shows no
      significant changes after either drug, while right atrial mean pressure decreases
      significantly. Peripheral vascular resistance remained mostly constant. The
      activity of glucagon injected as a single bolus seems to be maximal 10 to 15
      minutes after the injection and dissipates about 30 minutes later. The ideal dose
      of isoprenaline is between 0.8 and 2 mug/min. Within this range, the inotropic
      effect is maximal and the chronotropic and bathmotropic effects are limited.
      Above 2 mug/min, cardiac index and stroke index decrease, and arrhythmias become
      more frequent.

PMID- 1209207
TI  - Effect of physical exercise on internal carotid artery blood flow after arterial
      reconstruction.
AB  - The effect of physical exercise on internal carotid artery (ICA) blood flow in
      conscious man was studied with the aid of electromagnetic flowmetry. A flow probe
      was implanted on the ICA in 25 patients after reconstruction of the artery. ICA
      mean blood flow and brachial artery mean blood pressure were continuously
      monitored in supine (25 patients) and sitting (24 patients) position at rest,
      during 5-6 minutes exercise on a bicycle ergometer and at rest after exercise.
      Arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) was studied in 6/25 work tests in supine
      and 7/24 in sitting position. Cardiac output was measured at rest and during
      exercise in 10/25 patients in supine and 8/24 patients in sitting position. In
      the supine group, ICA flow increased significantly within 1 minute and reached a
      maximal flow 15% above control flow within 2 minutes after the onset of exercise.
      The ICA flow then gradually declined, but remained almost significantly elevated,
      7.5% above control, on termination of exercise. At rest, after exercise, the ICA
      flow decreased almost significantly to a level of 5% below the control flow
      within 5 minutes. There was a significant PaCO2 increase of 2.6 mmHg during
      exercise and a highly significant increase (72%) in cardiac output during
      exercise. The ICA flow at rest, before exercise, was about 15% lower in the
      sitting group than in the supine group. It increased in average 11.5% with 2
      minutes of exercise and then gradually diminished. At rest, after exercise, ICA
      flow decreased further to a level of 8% below control flow within 5 minutes.
      PaCO2 increased significantly in average 1.6 mmHg during exercise. Cardiac output
      increased highly significantly (85%) during exercise. The ICA flow changes
      obtained during exercise in the present study indicate the presence of a
      regulatory mechanism counteracting the increasing perfusion pressure, but it is
      unable to compensate the decreased perfusion pressure when the body position was
      altered from supine to sitting. The cerebral vascular bed in the present patient
      material seems to operate above and below the lower limit of its pressure range
      for an adequate autoregulation.

PMID- 1209208
TI  - Right duct lymph during and after open-heart surgery.
AB  - The right lymphatic duct (RLD) was cannulated in 26 patients operated upon with
      open-heart surgery. The thoracic duct was cannulated in 4 additional patients and
      both the thoracic and the right lymphatic ducts were cannulated in 2 further
      patients. The RLD was also cannulated in a control group consisting of 5
      thoractomy-operated patients. Lymph was collected continuously and its flow and
      content of albumin, electrolytes and the enzymes, GOT, GPT, CPK and LDH were
      analysed. A significant amount of cardiac lymph was present in about 60% of the
      cannulations. After cardiopulmonary bypass, lymph enzyme concentrations often
      rose rapidly to very high levels. The significance of the enzyme concentration
      patterns and some characteristics of the flow pattern are discussed.

PMID- 1209209
TI  - Ergot-induced vasospasm of the lower extremities treated with epidural
      anaesthesia.
AB  - No reliable treatment to reverse severe ergot-induced vasopasm is available. A
      case of ergotamine-induced vasospasm of the lower extremities is presented. A
      combined treatment of vasodilators, infusion of low molecular dextran and high
      epidural anaesthesia apparently prevented extremity gangrene from occurring.

PMID- 1209210
TI  - Pulmonary diffusion-circulation interrelationships two to seven years after
      pneumonectomy.
AB  - Ventilatory function, pulmonary diffusion capacity and right heart
      catheterization were studied in eight patients 2-7 years after pneumonectomy. The
      operation had been carried out for bronchial carcinoma. Dependence of pulmonary
      diffusion capacity on pulmonary perfusion rather than on ventilatory changes was
      characteristic of the elderly patients in the late post-pneumonectomy state. When
      decreased pulmonary perfusion, produced by cardiac disease or increased pulmonary
      vascular resistance, severely affects the pulmonary diffusion capacity, a careful
      assessment of the cardiac state is very important in the pre-operative evaluation
      of operability. In the absence of coexisting diseases, the cardiopulmonary state
      of long-term survivors usually remains good.

PMID- 1209212
TI  - Abdominal aortic aneurysm. An interhospital study of 171 surgically treated
      patients.
AB  - A retrospective interhospital study of 171 surgically treated patients with
      atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysm is presented (Orebro and Goteborg).
      Elective resection of the aneurysm was performed in 94 of the patients and
      emergency resection because of rupture or suspected rupture of the aneurysm in 77
      cases. The mortality within the first postoperative month was 16% in the
      electively operated patients and 49% in the emergency operated patients. During
      the last 3 years, the mortality rate among electively operated patients was
      considerably lower (10%). The five-year survival rate was more than 50% in the
      electively operated patients. The main difference in long-term survival rate
      between emergency and electively operated patients was dependent on the primary
      mortality. The cause of late death was usually not related to the operation of
      the aneurysm, but to other manifestations of generalized atherosclerotic disease.
      The results seem to justify the conclusion that atherosclerotic abdominal aortic
      aneurysm should be resected irrespective of size and symptoms, unless the patient
      has symptoms of severe arterial hypertension and/or generalized atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1209211
TI  - Pulmonary artery pressure measurements in surgical patients.
AB  - In 23 patients, Swan-Ganz catheters for the measurement of the pulmonary artery
      pressure (PAP) were introduced on the day before elective vascular surgery. The
      following parameters were measured: pulmonary artery mean pressure (PAMP),
      pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), pulmonary artery end-diastolic
      pressure (PAED), central venous pressure (CVP), arterial blood pressure (BP),
      pulse, plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) and blood volume. Pre-operatively,
      resting pressures and pressures during exercise and fluid infusion were measured.
      Continuous pressure measurements were made during induction of anaesthesia and
      operation and during the first 24 postoperative hours. The pre-operative PAP was
      an important parameter among those contra-indicating operation, particularly so
      in 5 patients, in 3 of whom the ultimate decision was made as a direct
      consequence of PAP. In one case, a sudden marked increase in PAP preceded all
      other signs of severe deterioration in the patient's condition by some 7 hours.
      In the period of apnoea immediately prior to and during endotracheal intubation,
      PAP and CVP rises were as marked as during the pre-operative exercise test. This
      exercise was strenuous, and the exercise PAP is thought to give perhaps the most
      reliable expression of the cardiac reserve. Finally, PAP was found to be a
      substantially more sensitive parameter of blood loss and adequacy of replacement
      than CVP.

PMID- 1209213
TI  - Scintigraphic examination of aneurysms of abdominal aorta and iliac arteries.
AB  - The use of a radionuclide (99Tcm-pertechnetate) for the diagnosis of aortic and
      iliac aneurysms is described. The method is rapid, harmless for the patient and
      is performed without puncture of arteries. The extent of the aneurysm and the
      perfusion of the kidneys can be visualized. The method is well suited for
      differential diagnosis and for postoperative control. Some illustrative cases are
      described.

PMID- 1209214
TI  - Spontaneous pneumothorax.
AB  - Patients with spontaneous pneumothorax, who were treated in this department
      during the period 1950-59, were reviewed in 1963. Since the treatment of this
      group of patients has changed radically towards a greater surgical activity in
      the form of suction drainage and thoracotomy, the patients from the next decade,
      comprising 229 episodes in 202 patients, have now been reviewed to evaluate the
      results of this attitude. The conclusion from the earlier review, that
      recidivating pneumothorax should be operated upon, is further supported, and in
      quite a few patients (9%) thoracotomy had to be performed to control the first
      attack. Pleural rubbing, as an additional procedure to resection of bullae, seems
      as safe as partial pleurectomy in prevention of relapse. There were few serious
      operative complications. A rather protracted suction drainage has been practised
      in this series. One consequence of the experiences from the present review is
      that this time has been shortened.

PMID- 1209215
TI  - Use of omental pedicle for treatment of bronchial fistula after lower lobectomy.
      Report of two cases.
AB  - Postoperative bronchopleural fistula in two patients was successfully closed by
      omental pedicle flap. The primary operation in both cases was left lower
      lobectomy for bronchiectasis. The technique of the operation is described and the
      cases are reported.

PMID- 1209216
TI  - A case of congenital bifid sternum.
AB  - A case of bifid sternum is reported, which illustrates that it is sometimes not
      possible to repair the sternal defect either by approximation of the sternal bars
      or by a large autogenous cartilage graft from the ninth, tenth and eleventh ribs.
      In such cases, the only alternative is to take a graft from the mother.

PMID- 1209218
TI  - [Dyserythropoiesis and dyserythropoietic anemias].
AB  - The expression "congenital dyserythropoietic anemia" (CDA) has been used to
      characterize the kinetic and morphological aberrations in the proliferation and
      maturation compartment of erythropoiesis, occurring in a group of hereditary
      anemias of unknown pathogenesis. The main symptoms of these disorders are
      moderate or mild anemia, increased hemoglobin turnover, ineffectiveness of
      erythropoiesis, striking morphological aberrations of the erythroblasts and
      tendency to secondary hemochromatosis. To date, three types have emerged from
      this group that may be hereditary nosological entities. They are distinguished
      not only on a morphological basis, but also by different modes of inheritance and
      immunological properties of the red cell membrane. A number of additional cases
      or families have been described which could not be attributed to one of these
      three types. Comparative investigations of morphological, biochemical and
      immunological details in CDA on the one hand, and other forms of ineffective
      erythropoiesis (e.g. thalassemia, refractory anemia) on the other demonstrate the
      lack of specificity of many of the single changes observed in CDA. These changes
      may well be secondary phenomenon of intramedullary cell destruction brought about
      by different underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.

PMID- 1209217
TI  - [Normal erythropoiesis].
AB  - The organism has at least three different mechanisms for the modulation of oxygen
      supply to tissues: 1) respiratory-circulatory, 2) modification of oxygen
      dissociation of hemoglobin, 3) modification of oxygen transport capacity by
      increasing the volume of circulating red cells. The erythroid, granulocytic and
      thrombocytic cell lines originate from a common pluripotent stem cell. In the
      course of differentiation the erythroid precursor cell acquires the capability of
      responding to the humoral regulator of total red blood cell volume,
      erythropoietin. Furthermore, the ability develops to take up tightly bound iron
      from transferrin, to synthesize large amounts of hemin and to express the few
      structural genes for hemoglobin polypeptides preferentially. The effects of these
      phenomena are discussed in the framework of the erythron.

PMID- 1209219
TI  - [Red cell deformability, importance of its measurement in clinical medicine].
AB  - A new device for evaluation of red cell deformability is described. A population
      of red cells dispersed as a monolayer are subjected to a well defined fluid shear
      stress in a concentric cylinder viscometer. Red cell deformation is a function of
      rotational speed and red cell elongation is measured in a continuous manner using
      a diffraction method. Preliminary results in clinical medicine are presented.

PMID- 1209220
TI  - [The fate of hemoglobin in the plasma].
AB  - The following aspects of intravascular hemolysis are briefly reviewed:
      pathogenesis; binding of hemoglobin to haptoglobin, hemopexin or serum albumin;
      hemoglobin oxidation, dissociation and renal excretion. The dissociation constant
      of hemoglobin tetramer into dimers was determined by gel filtration at 37 degrees
      C, using normal plasma for elution. This constant (5.1 x 10(-6) mol/l was used
      for calculation of renal clearance of hemoglobin. The rate of hemoglobin
      autooxidation was measured in normal plasma applying varying partial oxygen
      pressures. The results confirm that the formation of methemoglobin is enhanced
      under hypoxic conditions.

PMID- 1209221
TI  - [Adaptive metabolic disorders in erythrocytes during shock].
AB  - In patients with shock the metabolic activity of the red blood cells was studied
      following separation according to cell-age by density layer centrifugation using
      Stractan II-Urografin solutions. Metabolic acidosis in patients with cardiogenic
      shock (n = 8) and with postoperative shock (n = 7) induced a pronounced fall in
      2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) levels and in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), in
      contrast to a raised lactate-pyruvate ratio. 2,3-DPG values were higher than
      normal in patients with hypoglycemic shock (n = 12), whereas further measured
      substrate levels were markedly decreased. The levels of these compounds of the
      red blood cells revealed a significant difference in the hemolysates derived from
      cells separated according to cell-age. The shock syndrome was also observed in
      patients suffering from severe congestive heart failure (n = 10) who received
      dopamine (300 mug/min) for its known action in improving hemodynamics and renal
      function. Following drug administration for 150 min a clinical improvement was
      associated with a change of extent and pattern of the red blood cell metabolic
      disorder.

PMID- 1209222
TI  - [Dyserythropoietic anemia, type I: ineffective erythropoiesis due to disorders in
      the DNA-nucleoprotein complex].
AB  - The relative DNA, RNA histone and hemoglobin contents and 3H-thymidine
      incorporation in vitro were determined sequentially in individual erythroblasts
      of type I dyserythropoietic anemia. The histone/DNA ratio was increased due to a
      rise in histone extinction, indicating a pathological DNA-nucleoprotein complex.
      In addition, the erythroblasts displayed an increase in DNA content exceeding
      tetraploid values, a loss of DNA-synthesis activity at immature stages with low
      hemoglobin content, and a reduction of RNA. These variations were assumed to be
      caused by the preceding and primary impairment of the DNA-nucleoprotein complex.

PMID- 1209223
TI  - Pathogenesis of the anemia in african trypanosomiasis: characterization and
      purification of a hemolytic factor.
AB  - Acute anemia is a major feature of african trypanosomiasis. It has been shown to
      be of hemolytic nature. Hemolytic substances were found in serum from infected
      animals as well as in supernatant of trypanosome suspensions. A hemolytic pronase
      sensitive factor of about 10000 M.W. has been purified from such supernatants.

PMID- 1209224
TI  - [Familial autoimmune hemolytic animia (AIHA) with negative Coombs test,
      lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia].
AB  - A family with several cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and
      dysgammaglobulinemia is described. Two sibling had documented antierythrocyte
      antibodies, but a third had repeatedly negative Coombs tests. Diminished
      immunoglobulin-producing cells and a hypogammaglobulinemia were found, but no
      functional defect of humoral or cell-mediated immunity could be detected.

PMID- 1209225
TI  - [Improvement in the granulocyte harvest from normal donors by means of a
      combination of "continuous flow" centrifugation and filter leukapheresis].
AB  - In 27 healthy donors a total of 30 leukaphreses were performed with the Aminco
      cellseparator. Pretreatment by steroids, anticoagulation by heparin and addition
      of fluid gelatin to the input line was performed in all runs. The combination of
      continuous flow centrifugation and filtration leukapheresis in 9 of the 30 runs
      resulted in highly significant increase in the yield of neutrophil granulocytes
      to a mean of 59.6x10(9) as compared with a mean of 30.8x10(9) obtained the
      conventional continuous-flow centrifugation alone. This significance is valid for
      the total yield of granulocytes as well as for the yield per hour of run or per
      liter of blood processed. No adverse reaction occurred.

PMID- 1209226
TI  - [Relationship between the O2-affinity of the blood and erythropoiesis during the
      early months of life].
AB  - In 107 infants aged 3 hours to 9 months, hemoglobin concentration, 2,3-DPG
      concentration and GOT activity in red cells, and reticulocyte count were
      determined in order to evaluate whether the previously observed decrease in red
      cell 2,3-DPG [1] during the first 30-40 days of life related to red cell ageing.
      A significant positive correlation of 2,3-DPG vs. GOT, an indicator of red cell
      age, is found. The decrease in 2,3-DPG over a period of 25-30 days is finally
      followed by a sharp rise in reticulocyte count, suggesting that an alteration in
      blood oxygen affinity might trigger the onset of erythropoiesis in normal infants
      in this age group.

PMID- 1209227
TI  - [Changes in the blood picture in liver diseases].
AB  - The occurrence of hematologic changes has been studied in 256 patients with
      various liver diseases. Macrocytosis on smears and by MCV was found in 50% of
      acute and in over 70% of chronic liver diseases. MCV increased from 98 +/- 8 mu3
      (acute hepatitis) up to 108 +/- 12 mu3 in alcoholic cirrhosis. Anemia, which
      occurred rarely in hepatitis but in 67% of cirrhosis, was always macrocytic, not
      correlating with reticulocyte counts. Target cells were found in 20% of acute
      hepatitis and 41% of cirrhosis. In patients with chronic liver disease target
      cells were associated with macrocytosis and increased bilirubin. Thrombocytopenia
      was found in 11% of acute, in 53% of chronic inflammatory and in over 60% of
      cirrhotic liver disease.

PMID- 1209228
TI  - [Hemolysis and hemolysis mechanisms in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA)
      of type I. II., III].
AB  - On the basis of clinical symptoms, bone marrow morphology, electronmicroscopy and
      serological tests congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) was diagnosed in 3
      families and identified as CDA type I, II, III respectively. Aside from
      intramedullary hemolysis, members of all three families showed peripheral
      hemolysis, in some cases severe, which was mediated through splenic (in all
      types) and additional intravascular destruction in types I and II. The underlying
      cause of the peripheral hemolysis appears to be reduced deformability of
      erythrocytes, as documented by reduced filterability. The latter appears to be
      caused, at least in type II, by an increase in viscosity of the cytoplasm which
      in turn is probably related to increased susceptibility to oxidative injury
      leading to inclusion body formation. Splenectomy in one patient with CDA II led
      to a definite reduction of hemolysis and cessation of hemolytic crises.

PMID- 1209229
TI  - [Erythrocyte concentrate instead of whole blood: perspectives for blood banks and
      clinical therapy].
AB  - In 1974 some 117 000 units of blood were collected by the German Red Cross Blood
      Center in Ulm. Some 65 000 units were distributed to hospitals, mainly as whole
      blood. The surplus blood units (44%) were used for the preparation of plasma
      products. On 1 October 1974 glass bottles were replaced by plastic blood bags.
      The same date was chosen for the introduction of buffycoatfree red cell
      concentrates. It proved possible to replace whole blood almost entirely (92% of
      all blood units) by red cell concentrates within a few days after the deadline.
      The factors which prompted the clinicians to follow this new policy are
      described, and the clinical and economic implications are discussed.

PMID- 1209230
TI  - [Lienal and intravascular corpuscular hemolysis in erythropoietic
      protoporphyria].
AB  - A report is presented on two brothers with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)
      with massively and moderately elevated RBC-protoporphyrin content respectively.
      Both exhibited splenic and one also intravascular hemolysis. The mechanism of
      hemolysis was investigated on the basis of filterability, plasma trapping and
      osmotic resistance of in vivo RBCs and of incubated, UV-light exposed RBCs.
      Photodynamic damage to EPP-RBC, leading to increased RBC rigidity, increased
      splenic trapping and intravascular hemolysis, appears to play a crucial role in
      the causation of hemolysis in vivo as well as in vitro.

PMID- 1209231
TI  - [Biochemical modifications of the erythrocyte membrane in various red cell
      disorders].
AB  - Glycopeptides were extracted by papain digestion from erythrocyte "ghosts" of
      subjects suffering from hematological disorders involving shortened red cell
      survival time. Chemical characterization demonstrated significant alterations.

PMID- 1209232
TI  - [Non-HL-A specific autoantibody against granulocytes, lymphocytes and
      thrombocytes in a patient with agranulocytosis due to pyrazolone].
AB  - An antibody of hitherto unknown specificity has been found in the serum of a
      patient who suffered three episodes of agranulocytosis after ingestion of
      aminopyrine derivatives. In vitro, the antibody reacts not only with homologous
      and autologous granulocytes and thrombocytes. It belongs to the IgM class and
      absorption of the serum with earlier leukocytes or platelets eliminates the
      activity against all three cell types. An HL-A specificity (LA or Four locus) can
      be ruled out, since all tests are positive with cells of individuals differing
      from the patient in all four HL-A specificities. Addition of the patient's serum
      results in marked reduction of thymidine uptake in the mixed leukocyte culture as
      well as during stimulation of lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin or PPD;
      however, almost no effect is observed on stimulation with small amounts of
      Pokeweed mitogen. The rosette formation of lymphocytes with sheep erythrocytes or
      sensitized human erythrocytes is not influenced by this serum. This pattern is
      comparable to what is known for alpha-methyl-dopa-induced autoimmune hemolytic
      anemia insofar as the antibody does not require the presence of the offending
      drug for its action.

PMID- 1209233
TI  - [Characterization of megakaryocyte colonies in vitro].
AB  - Agar cultures of mouse bone marrow cells can be stimulated by medium conditioned
      by activated mouse lymphoid cells to produce pure or mixed colonies containing up
      to 80 megakaryocytes. These have been characterized on the basis of their
      morphology, polyploid mitoses and DNA content and high cytoplasmic content of
      acetylcholinesterase.

PMID- 1209234
TI  - [Res-O-Mat-T4 test, Tes-O-Mat-ETR test and thyroxine iodine as indicators of
      thyroid function in cattle].

PMID- 1209236
TI  - [Polycythemia vera in the dog].

PMID- 1209235
TI  - [Newcastle disease (atypical fowl pest) in imported parrots in Switzerland].

PMID- 1209237
TI  - [Secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism in young dogs. II. Experimental
      cases].

PMID- 1209238
TI  - [Thymoma in dogs and cats].

PMID- 1209239
TI  - [Adenoma of bronchial glands in the domestic animal].

PMID- 1209240
TI  - [Heart diseases of the dog--a review of the last 10 years of diagnosis at the
      Institute for Veterinary Physiology].

PMID- 1209241
TI  - ["Vomiting and wasting disease" in piglets in Switzerland].

PMID- 1209242
TI  - [Aujeszky's disease in dog and cat in Switzerland].

PMID- 1209243
TI  - [Another case of paratuberculosis in the sheep].

PMID- 1209244
TI  - [Meningitis and chorio-ependymitis granulomatosa in cats].

PMID- 1209245
TI  - [Leukodystrophic diseases in the brain of young cats].

PMID- 1209247
TI  - [Histopathology and diagnosis of fish diseases].

PMID- 1209246
TI  - [Nicotinic acid poisoning following ingestion of chopped meat].

PMID- 1209248
TI  - [Thoughts on the Swiss law for animal protection].

PMID- 1209249
TI  - [Clinical aspects and pathology of neuritis caudae quinae (NCE) in the horse].

PMID- 1209250
TI  - [Blood specimen collection and intravenous injection in the swine].

PMID- 1209251
TI  - [Determination of blood-gas and acid-base relationships in the horse during
      fluothane anesthesia with special reference to comparison of arterial and venous
      blood].

PMID- 1209252
TI  - [Parasitologic demonstration of Trypanosoma teileri-like trypanosomes in brown
      Swiss cattle in eastern Switzerland].

PMID- 1209253
TI  - [Border disease (hypomyelinogenesis congenita) in lambs in Switzerland].

PMID- 1209254
TI  - [Determination of serum immunogloblin classes IgG, IgM and IgA in Simmentaler
      cattle].

PMID- 1209255
TI  - [Heartworm disease in the dog].

PMID- 1209256
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of pregnancy diagnosis in domestic animals using the
      ultrasonic Doppler technic].

PMID- 1209258
TI  - [Epizootologic significance of grazing for mucosal disease/virus diarrhea in
      cattle].

PMID- 1209257
TI  - [Clinical aspects of experimental biotin deficiency in swine and report of early
      results in field tests].

PMID- 1209259
TI  - [Articular and periarticular lesions of the upper extremities].

PMID- 1209260
TI  - [The spine and horseback riding].

PMID- 1209261
TI  - [Puberty and athletics].

PMID- 1209262
TI  - [The practitioner and angina in 1975].

PMID- 1209263
TI  - [New anti-arrhythmia drugs].

PMID- 1209264
TI  - [Clinical study of injectable LA. 1211 in intensive coronary care units].

PMID- 1209265
TI  - [Treatment of vulvo-vaginal mycoses].

PMID- 1209266
TI  - [Treatment of geriatric infections. Effectiveness of Intraxium].

PMID- 1209267
TI  - [Antialdosterone therapy].

PMID- 1209268
TI  - [The dry eye].

PMID- 1209269
TI  - [Treatment of dough in patients with chronic respiratory failure].

PMID- 1209270
TI  - [Hemorrhage in stomatology].

PMID- 1209271
TI  - An introduction to the use of diagnostic ultrasound.
AB  - This article is meant to serve as a simple introduction to diagnostic ultrasound,
      explaining the nature of sonar and the basic equipment for its production and
      use. A scans, B scans, time-position scans, and Doppler-shift techniques are
      described, with some examples of the clinical applications of each. Some recent
      innovations such as scan conversion to improve gray scaling and
      electrocardiographically triggered cardiac sector scans are mentioned. The
      limitations of the technique are indicated, with measures that can be adopted to
      reduce them. The safety of the procedure is emphasized, with its freedom from the
      known biological effects of ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1209272
TI  - Ultrasound evaluation of the thyroid.
AB  - Ultrasound provides a safe noninvasive means of imaging the thyroid gland. It
      affords a reliable method of distinguishing cystic masses from other types of
      hypofunctioning thyroid nodules that might require surgical exploration. Due to
      the reported small frequency of false positive ultrasonic diagnoses (i.e., solid
      or complex masses being misdiagnosed as cysts), all cystic masses should be
      confirmed by aspiration. With gray-scale two-dimensional imaging, high-frequency
      transducers, and careful attention to technique, a reduction in the number of
      incorrect diagnoses can be expected.

PMID- 1209273
TI  - Nuclear medicine and ultrasound; correlation in diagnosis of disease of liver and
      biliary tract.
AB  - Even though the radiocolloid scan is nonspecific it will be approximately 70%-80%
      accurate in predicting the presence or absence of liver disease and somewhat less
      accurate than that in making statements as to the specific type of disease. This
      compares well with other modalities. The ability of nuclear medicine techniques
      to provide a correct diagnosis is improved when additional isotopic techniques
      such as hepatic blood flow studies and 131I-rose bengal and 67Ga scanning are
      performed. Ultrasound scanning is also non specific. To date, the major
      application of ultrasound in the study of the liver has been in deciphering
      puzzling contour abnormalities seen on nuclear medicine scans and in
      demonstrating fluid-filled abnormalities. Its usefulness in diffuse and solid
      focal lesions has been less dramatic. More recently, however, the development of
      gray scale has necessitated a reevaluation of the technique. Gray scale
      demonstrates a large number of intrahepatic interfaces that were previously
      invisible, and it has already been shown to demonstrate focal disorders such as
      metastasis more easily than the nongray-scale method. It can also demonstrate
      dilated biliary radicals, the gallbladder, and gallstones. In addition, while
      routinely studying the liver one can evaluate diaphragmatic motion and various
      retroperitoneal structures such as the pancreas, lymph nodes, and abdominal
      vascular structures.

PMID- 1209275
TI  - Impact resistance of ophthalmic lenses of various strengths and the influence of
      frame design.

PMID- 1209274
TI  - Challenges.

PMID- 1209277
TI  - Editorial: "Poison in pills...".

PMID- 1209276
TI  - Developing a sight conservation program.

PMID- 1209278
TI  - Rehabilitation of the stroke patient.

PMID- 1209279
TI  - Electronic-data-processing in clinical biochemistry.

PMID- 1209280
TI  - Carbon monoxide poisoning in Singapore.

PMID- 1209281
TI  - Environmental and health conditions in small factories in Singapore.

PMID- 1209282
TI  - Staphylococcal agglutination-inhibition reaction: a rapid and simple test for
      dengue antibodies.

PMID- 1209283
TI  - Routine follow-up of patients with treated pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 1209284
TI  - Pleural sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1209285
TI  - Aorto duodenal fistula with left sided inferior vena cava--a case report.

PMID- 1209286
TI  - Congenital medulloblastoma.

PMID- 1209287
TI  - Structure and dynamics of worries.

PMID- 1209288
TI  - [Diagnosis of drowing as based on chloride, urea and creatinine values].
AB  - Chlorides, urea and creatinine values in the blood of the right and left heart
      were studied in 38 drowned bodies and 32 subjects with another cause of death.
      Pronounced differences between the right and left heart of the drowned bodies
      were found in chlorides and urea, less in creatinine. The probability of the
      diagnosis of drowning rises with the increasing difference between the right and
      left heart; in chlorides from the difference of 13 mg%, in urea 6 mg% and in
      creatinine 0,45 mg%. Contradictory results may, however, be obtained. Therefore
      the above mentioned laboratory test should be considered auxiliary only.

PMID- 1209289
TI  - [Responsibility of technicians in departments of pathology and forensic
      medicine].
AB  - Several cases have been presented to demonstrate that the technicians' work in
      Departments of Pathology and Forensic Medicine is rather pretentious and
      responsible. Technicians must always bear in mind that any neglection may have
      severe consequences, social as well as medical and legal. Therefore technicians
      are expected to do their work meticulously, being aware of their responsibility.
      They should not obscure their errors. In only such cases the technician will
      adequately meet the requirements of our health care.

PMID- 1209291
TI  - [Main trends in the improvement of public health in a rural region].

PMID- 1209290
TI  - [Examination of vomits].
AB  - On the basis of examination of 10-day-old vomit, the author determined blood
      group, kind of food, probable time of meal and showed the presence of the drug
      bromisoval. The blood group of the offender found later on was identical with the
      blood group detected in the vomit.

PMID- 1209292
TI  - [Legal regulation of obligatory and compulsory treatment of citizens].

PMID- 1209293
TI  - [Combined employment of paramedical workers (according to data of a study made in
      2 regions and 1 territory of the RSFSR)].

PMID- 1209294
TI  - [Basis of the total development of public health in 1974, the decisive year of
      the 9th 5-year plan].

PMID- 1209295
TI  - [Some organizational and economic aspects of the rehabilitation of psychiatric
      patients].

PMID- 1209296
TI  - [Methodological approach to the evaluation of the effectiveness of health resort
      treatment].

PMID- 1209297
TI  - [Determination of the average expenditure of the physician's time in the
      department of municipal hygiene of urban sanitary-epidemiologic stations].

PMID- 1209298
TI  - [Study of ergonometric indices and morbidity of district therapeutists in Tallin
      polyclinics].

PMID- 1209299
TI  - [Participation of the faculty of social hygiene and the organization of public
      health in ideological-teaching work with students].

PMID- 1209300
TI  - [Some peculiarities of the morbidity of the population of the countries of
      Africa].

PMID- 1209301
TI  - [Problems of schistosomiasis control in developing countries].

PMID- 1209302
TI  - [Organization of medical and health support for construction workers in the
      western portion of the Baikal-Amur mainline during the period of the expansion of
      operations].

PMID- 1209303
TI  - [Urgent problems of rehabilitation and industrial medical expertise].

PMID- 1209304
TI  - [In the name of health and peace].

PMID- 1209305
TI  - [Experience in organizing intrahospital consultation assistance].

PMID- 1209306
TI  - [Experience in organizing preventive inhalations in a coal mine].

PMID- 1209307
TI  - [Status of ambulatory polyclinic aid for children in rural districts].

PMID- 1209308
TI  - [2 modifications in the method of compiling estimate tables for the physical
      development of children].

PMID- 1209309
TI  - [Elaboration of the "Pharmacy" automated subsystem in a multiple specialty
      surgical hospital].

PMID- 1209310
TI  - [Basic characteristics of the median longevity and mortality of the population of
      Khabarovsk].

PMID- 1209311
TI  - [Instructions on officially assigned functions in the practice of public health].

PMID- 1209312
TI  - [Methodological work bases for health protection of the territory of the USSR].

PMID- 1209313
TI  - [Use of long-term peridural anesthesia during the postoperative period in
      oncological patients].

PMID- 1209314
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 1209315
TI  - [Active detection of lung cancer and its more precise diagnosis].

PMID- 1209316
TI  - [Late complications after surgical treatment of functional obstruction of the
      cardia].

PMID- 1209317
TI  - [Clinico-morphological characteristics of different forms of dysentery].

PMID- 1209319
TI  - [Fluorographic detection of lung cancer].

PMID- 1209318
TI  - [Certain shortcomings of polyclinical service to patients with acute dysetery].

PMID- 1209320
TI  - [Certain indicators of lipid metabolism in erythrocytic membranes and plasma in
      coronary arteriosclerosis and myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1209321
TI  - [Clinical course and treatment of chronic opisthorchiasis].

PMID- 1209322
TI  - [Diagnosis of cardiac lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (according to
      roentgenotelecinematographic data)].

PMID- 1209323
TI  - [Changes in the blood circulation system after administration of progesterone].

PMID- 1209324
TI  - [Lupus pneumonitis (pulmonary syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1209325
TI  - [Present-day state of diet theraphy in obesity].

PMID- 1209327
TI  - [Angiography in stomach cancer].

PMID- 1209326
TI  - [Effect of anginine on the state of the stomach and pancreas in diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 1209328
TI  - [Principles of complex treatment of occlusive diseases of arteries of the limbs].

PMID- 1209330
TI  - [Stroke in systemic lumpus erythematosus].

PMID- 1209329
TI  - [Sympathetic nervous system in rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1209331
TI  - [Pathogenetic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis by intra-articular administration
      of heparin].

PMID- 1209332
TI  - [Pharmacotherapeutic action of a hypotensive preparation made of grey rauwolfia
      roots].

PMID- 1209333
TI  - [Use of aptine in treatment of arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1209334
TI  - [Treatment of chronic pancreatitis with contrical].

PMID- 1209335
TI  - [Use of pansinorm-forte in gastric and intestinal dyspepsia].

PMID- 1209336
TI  - [Treatment of trophic crural ulcers].

PMID- 1209337
TI  - [Leukocyte culture in the study of etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE)].

PMID- 1209338
TI  - [Importance of ergography for determination of the level of limb amputation in
      obliterating diseases of the peripheral arteries].

PMID- 1209339
TI  - Living language for deaf pupils.

PMID- 1209341
TI  - Pioneering at Park Lane.

PMID- 1209340
TI  - Television in school--enter ORACLE.

PMID- 1209342
TI  - Sanctuary units in primary schools.

PMID- 1209343
TI  - Experimenting with Trident.

PMID- 1209344
TI  - Children in hospital schools.

PMID- 1209345
TI  - Children as psychologists?

PMID- 1209346
TI  - [Chromatographic separation and determination of phospholipid fractions in the
      blood serum in patients with endemic nephropathy].

PMID- 1209347
TI  - [Fetus during a course of prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 1209348
TI  - [Vectorcardiographic diagnosis of diaphragmatic myocardial lesions in left axis
      electric deviation or left anterior hemiblock].

PMID- 1209349
TI  - [Recurrent Bell's palsy].

PMID- 1209350
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of progressive scleroderma with hyaluronidase].

PMID- 1209351
TI  - [Bleeding polyps of the nasal septum as a cause of recurrent epistaxis].

PMID- 1209352
TI  - [Correlations between differences of temperature in thermovision and histological
      findings in breast carcinoma].

PMID- 1209353
TI  - [Current concepts concerning Marfan's syndrome].

PMID- 1209355
TI  - [Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma].

PMID- 1209354
TI  - [Nobecourt syndrome with retinopathy, microangiography, neuropathy and
      dermatopathy in an 11-year-old girl].

PMID- 1209356
TI  - [Ankylosing hyperostosis of the cervical part of the spine (report of a case)].

PMID- 1209357
TI  - [Report on the 2nd continuing education course on thoracic and abdominal
      angiography in Rome in May 1974].

PMID- 1209358
TI  - [Radiological possibilities in the individual diagnosis and pathogenetic
      interpretation of osteoporosis].

PMID- 1209359
TI  - [Genetic and embryonic radiation injuries].

PMID- 1209360
TI  - [Meningioma of the 4th ventricle].

PMID- 1209361
TI  - [Mechanical action of expansions in the posterior cranial fossa].

PMID- 1209362
TI  - [Improvized Crutchfield clamp].

PMID- 1209364
TI  - [Comparison of the Atkins-Smith method of superior thoracic sympathectomy].

PMID- 1209363
TI  - [Anastomosis of the lingual and basilar artery of the dog and microsurgery of
      cerebral vessels].

PMID- 1209365
TI  - [Posterior shifts of the injured cervical spine].

PMID- 1209366
TI  - [Problem of brain edema in children's injuries].

PMID- 1209367
TI  - [Traumatic intracerebral hematoma].

PMID- 1209368
TI  - [Fate of patients with asymptomatic stenosis of internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1209369
TI  - [Results of reconstruction sugery of internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1209370
TI  - [Hyperparathyroidism and its incidence in postoperative complications].

PMID- 1209371
TI  - [Editorial: The role of sex hormones in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1209372
TI  - [Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. (1). Splenomegaly].

PMID- 1209373
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic study of the rheumatoid synovial fluid].

PMID- 1209374
TI  - [Clinical study of gout and hyperuricemia. (II) Physiopathology and diagnosis].

PMID- 1209375
TI  - [2 cases of gout with acute knee conditions as major symptoms but resulting in a
      fatal outcome in a relatively short time].

PMID- 1209376
TI  - [2 cases of chronic rheumatoid arthritis with fatal atlanto-axial dislocation].

PMID- 1209377
TI  - [Rheumatoid factor of the gastric juice].

PMID- 1209378
TI  - [Recent advances in the treatment of gout - current concept of the treatment and
      its theoretical background].

PMID- 1209379
TI  - [Scintiscanning of arthritis and analysis of the radioisotope accumulation
      curve].

PMID- 1209380
TI  - [Use of radioisotopes for the evaluation of the effect of the treatment in
      arthritis].

PMID- 1209382
TI  - [Giant synovial cyst of the shoulder joint--a case study].

PMID- 1209381
TI  - [Radiographic examination of the shoulder joint in chronic rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1209383
TI  - [Pathological studies of the kidney in chronic rheumatoid arthritis--biopsy of 15
      cases].

PMID- 1209384
TI  - [Calcium metabolism in gout. I. A comparison with a population study].

PMID- 1209385
TI  - [Genetic factors in systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1209386
TI  - [Epidemiological studies of systemic lupus erythematosus in Japan].

PMID- 1209387
TI  - Research in depth.

PMID- 1209388
TI  - Effect on coronary flow of atrial contraction.
AB  - The transient decrease in coronary conductance and flow that is seen when the
      atria contract has been studied in 6 anaesthetized, open-chest dogs in heart
      block, paced via epicardial pacemaker leads. Left circumflex and anterior
      descending coronary flows were recorded via Doppler ultrasonic flow probes;
      aortic and left ventricular pressures and electrocardiogram were recorded
      simultaneously. The transient conductance and flow decrease in diastole were
      found from linear regression to be consistent with the left ventricular pressure
      rise caused by atrial contraction, in the case of the anterior descending
      coronary artery, which also showed no decrease in peak systolic conductance or
      flow when atria and ventricles contracted simultaneously. Circumflex conductance
      and flow were decreased by an atrial contraction to an extent greater than could
      be accounted for by the rise in left ventricular diastolic pressure. Peak
      circumflex flow and conductance were also decreased in systole, by 12 per cent,
      when atrial and ventricular contractions were exactly synchronous so that the
      atria could not discharge into the ventricles. The systolic effect and the
      excessive diastolic effect are ascribed to compression of atrial branches of the
      circumflex artery. This artrial compression mechanism accounted for 37-75 per
      cent of the effect of an atrial contraction on conductance in diastole. Values
      from 5 dogs of systolic and diastolic conductance changes due to atrial
      compression were linearly related. Calculation of atrial flow by applying this
      percentage to the transient flow decrease indicated that 17 per cent of
      circumflex diastolic flow was atrial, and that this percentage stayed constant
      throughout diastole.

PMID- 1209389
TI  - Histochemically demonstrable changes in amylase activity in submaxillary salivary
      glands of puberal male mice following castration.
AB  - The sexual dimorphism in mouse submaxillary glands is well documented. The main
      difference is seen in the granular convoluted tubules (G.C.T.) which in the adult
      male are large and in the adult female are small and fewer. Previous studies have
      shown that amylase is localized histochemically to these G.C.T.'s; that following
      castration there is a histological reduction in size and number of the G.C.T.'s
      and a roughly 50 per cent decrease in amylase activity demonstrable
      biochemically. In the present study 74 male mice aged 60 days were divided in six
      groups. The animals were fasted overnight. Under general anaesthesia, the
      submaxillary glands on the left side were removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen
      for subsequent histochemistry. The animals were then castrated and returned to
      their cages. At periods of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks later, the other
      submaxillary gland was removed under the same conditions, and the animals were
      then killed. Fresh frozen cryostat sections of both glands were subjected to the
      starch substrate film technique for the histochemical demonstration of amylase.
      Adjacent sections were stained with HE. The 2-week animals showed a slight but
      define reduction in size and number of G.C.T.'s and a parallel reduction in
      amylase activity. This was more pronounced by 4 and 6 weeks. In the 4-week
      animals, however, the changes were not consistent, being more pronounced in some
      animals than in others. This same phenomenon was observed in the 6-, 8- and 10
      week animals, in some of whom there was considerable G.C.T. atrophy in the
      submaxillaries and in others very much less. In many of the 12-week animals there
      was very little evidence of G.C.T. atrophy. These findings confirmed other
      studies which suggested that there may be some regeneration of G.C.T's, possibly
      as a result of influence of other endocrine glands such as thyroid, adrenal and
      pituitary.

PMID- 1209390
TI  - Stature and secular trend among Southern African Negroes and San (Bushmen).
AB  - Despite a wide belief that little information is available on the dimensions of
      Southern African peoples, data for adult mean stature are presented for no fewer
      than 123 samples of S.A. Negro (93) and Khoisanoid (30) peoples. Many are
      published here for the first time. These have made possible a search for signs of
      the secular trend towards increased adult stature. Two main techniques are the
      study of longitudinal data (where time-spaced studies on the same population are
      available) and of age-ranked, cross-sectional data (where the lack of declining
      stature with age connotes the absence of a secular trens). Most Southern African
      populations for which data are available show either the absence of the secular
      trend (previously recognized) or a frankly reversed secular trend (a new
      concept), in which adults show a decline in mean stature compared with earlier
      generations. Similar absence or reversal of the secular trend characterizes
      peoples in Malawi, Kenya, Uganda, Sudan, Senegal, Upper Volta and Ivory Coast, as
      well as some Asian and South American samples. In the main, developed areas show
      the secular trend, while less developed areas show an absence or reversal of the
      trend. To this generalization, the San are a striking exception. All the
      evidence, first adduced in 1962, points to the usual secular trend as occurring
      in the San, despite their lowly, undeveloped economic status. Although the data
      are imperfect, it is possible too, that Xhosa and Mocambique Maravi show evidence
      of a positive secular trend. "The adult form of mankind is the outcome of growth
      enhanced, dwarfed, warped, or mutilated by the adventures of life. I am not
      decrying heredity. But I do insist that new knowledge gained for anthropology
      through the study of growth brings hope and confidence where formerly was only
      the grim figure of destiny." (T. Wingate Todd, 1935).

PMID- 1209391
TI  - Characteristics of an ovine herpesvirus associated with pulmonary adenomatosis
      (jaagsiekte) in sheep.
AB  - The isolation of an ovine herpesvirus from a cell culture of an adenomatous sheep
      lung is reported, confirming previous observations of a possible association of a
      herpesvirus with this tumour. Some growth properties and morphological
      characteristics of the virus are described, as well as serological data
      supporting a possible relationship between tumour and virus. Attempts to produce
      jaagsiekte by intratracheal injection of virus into lambs were unsuccessful,
      suggesting that a second factor may be involved inthe oncogenic process possibly
      similar to that proposed for the well-known EBV-Burkitt's lymphoma system.

PMID- 1209392
TI  - Cranial neural crest extirpation and cyclopian development.
AB  - Extirpation of cranial neural crest cells in presomite to 5 somite chick embryos
      produces monsters which in all essential respects are identical to human
      cyclopias. The primary lesion involves damage to the forebrain and consequently
      the inhibition of the nasal placode and nasal organ development as well as the
      destruction of the anterior neural crest cells, with the resultant absence of the
      nasal and interobital septa and of the facial dermal skeleton.

PMID- 1209394
TI  - Editorial: The ethos and the dilemma of a medical journal.

PMID- 1209395
TI  - Editorial: Research and communication.

PMID- 1209393
TI  - Ascorbate status of patients with porphyria cutanea tarda symptomatica and its
      effect on porphyrin metabolism.
AB  - The ascorbate status and the effect of loading doses of ascorbic acid (1,5 g per
      day by mouth for 7 days) on the porphyric process were studied in 7 black men
      with porphyria cutanea tarda symptomatica. It was found that the ascorbate stores
      were depleted in these patients as judged by serum and leucocyte ascorbate
      levels. Temporary repletion of the ascorbate stores was effected by the loading
      doses of ascorbic acid: Serum iron concentrations increased in 6 patients;
      urinary iron excretion showed small peaks a few days after ascorbic acid therapy
      commenced; haemoglobin concentration was not affected; excessive amounts of
      oxalate were excreted in the urine; neither total urinary porphyrin excretion nor
      the composition of the urinary porphyrins was affected in a way which could be
      related to ascorbate therapy. Further evidence that ascorbate depletion is not
      important in the induction of porphyria was found when the ascorbate status of
      siderotic rats, rendered porphyric by hexachlorobenzene-feeding, was examined.
      Stores of ascorbate and the oxidative catabolism of ascorbate were not different
      in the prophyric rats as compared with normal litter mates.

PMID- 1209396
TI  - Closed duodenal injuries.

PMID- 1209397
TI  - Serum and tissue concentrations of sodium fusidate in patients with chronic
      osteomyelitis and in normal volunteers.

PMID- 1209398
TI  - Primary giant mucosal folds.

PMID- 1209399
TI  - [Use of double transverse incision with radical block dissection of the neck].

PMID- 1209400
TI  - Direct percutaneous translumbar and transfemoral arteriography.

PMID- 1209401
TI  - The mechanism of rectal prolapse.

PMID- 1209402
TI  - Diaphragm sparing approach to abdomino-thoracic lesions.

PMID- 1209403
TI  - Multiple intestinal cancers.

PMID- 1209404
TI  - Carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 1209405
TI  - Carcinoma of the pancreas.

PMID- 1209407
TI  - The competence of the circle of Willis in extra-cranial cerebrovascular
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1209406
TI  - Slow k ulcer.

PMID- 1209408
TI  - Percutaneous subclavian vein catheterisation.

PMID- 1209409
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of brachial plexus lesions.

PMID- 1209410
TI  - The umbilical tapping sign.

PMID- 1209411
TI  - Oxyphil adenoma of the parathyroid gland.

PMID- 1209412
TI  - Leiomyoma of the nipple.

PMID- 1209413
TI  - Metastatic melanomatous colonic polyps simulating adenomatous polyps.

PMID- 1209414
TI  - Erosive gastritis due to ingested battery acid.

PMID- 1209416
TI  - The treatment of acute traumatic synovitis of the knee.

PMID- 1209415
TI  - Transcutaneous Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of peripheral vascular
      disorders. 2 - Venous.

PMID- 1209417
TI  - Neonatal necrotising enterocolitis.

PMID- 1209418
TI  - Immunity in malignant diseases.

PMID- 1209419
TI  - The epidemiology of cancer in Africans in Southern Africa.

PMID- 1209420
TI  - The Johannesburg Bone Tumour Registry--the first 10 years.

PMID- 1209421
TI  - Cancer of the floor of the mouth.

PMID- 1209422
TI  - Review of current concepts in immunocytoma.

PMID- 1209424
TI  - Immunology and cancer .

PMID- 1209423
TI  - The diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis.

PMID- 1209425
TI  - Editorial: Hazards of music and noise.

PMID- 1209426
TI  - Letter: Incidence of mental defect in South Africa.

PMID- 1209427
TI  - Letter: A plea for bone marrow biopsy.

PMID- 1209428
TI  - Gastro-intestinal fibre-endoscopic polypectomy.
AB  - Gastroscopic and colonoscopic polypectomy by means of a diathermy snare has been
      carried out on 23 patients, without any significant morbidity. The techniques and
      potential complications are discussed, and it is concluded that endoscopic
      polypectomy is a safe and rapid procedure in experienced hands, if close
      attention is given to detail and if the necessary precautions are taken.

PMID- 1209430
TI  - The geriatric scene in Pietermaritzburg.
AB  - Pietermaritzburg has 14 old-age homes which accommodate 656 residents, a general
      provincial hospital which caters largely for elderly patients, and various
      charitable organisations which are concerned with the needs of elderly people.
      However, the staff of the general hospital is constantly faced with the problem
      of patients who cannot be discharged from hospital because of the unsuitability
      of the conditions in their homes. This problem has prompted a study of existing
      facilities for the aged in Pietermaritzburg. It is concluded that more facilities
      are needed for the care of frail elderly people.

PMID- 1209429
TI  - An investigation of clozapine in the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia
      and gross behaviour disorders.
AB  - Fifty-two mental hospital cases of acute and chronic schizophrenia and gross
      behaviour disorders were investigated and observed for 6-12 months during
      treatment with clozapine. Three-quarters of the acute cases recovered with full
      occupation capacity. Two-thirds of the chronic cases improved markedly.
      Antisocial behaviour was controlled in 12 out of the 13 behaviour-disordered
      group. The improvement in initiative and social capacity was striking and
      appeared to be due to improved awareness of the environment and the acquisition
      and handling of useful knowledge. The response to clozapine appears to be
      specific and relapses occurred when maintenance medication was stopped. It is of
      value in treating temper states in epilepsy and has the advantage of not causing
      extrapyramidal symptoms and side-effects are slight after the first week. Maximum
      improvement may not be reached before 8 weeks. Thereafter the maintenance dose
      can be small and fluctuations in the illness do not seem to occur. The dosage,
      side-effects and precautions are discussed. A rating system to display the effect
      of clozapine on individual parameters as well as on the over-all state was
      devised for this study.

PMID- 1209432
TI  - A surgeon's golfing odyssey.

PMID- 1209431
TI  - A career study of medical graduates of the University of the Witwatersrand, 1925-
      1972.
AB  - A career study of the medical graduates of the University of the Witwatersrand,
      Johannesburg, between 1925 and 1969 has been conducted by postal survey. A return
      of 44,8% of the questionnaires and a lack of bias judged by criteria of
      geographic region, year of graduation and sex ratios, suggest that the sample is
      representative of the graduate population. Detailed analyses of active engagement
      in practice, geographic localities, fields of practice, specialist: general
      practitioner ratios, specialist rankings and academic appointments are presented
      and discussed. Career studies may be a valuable method of evaluating medical
      education.

PMID- 1209433
TI  - Letter: Incomplete right bundle-branch block associated with diphenylhydantoin
      toxicity.

PMID- 1209434
TI  - The copper T intra-uterine device.
AB  - The Copper T intra-uterine device was evaluated in 500 Black women in Soweto
      township, Johannesburg. There were undesirable events in 263 of these subjects,
      151 of whom were lost to follow-up.

PMID- 1209435
TI  - Suppression of lactation with high doses of pyridoxine.
AB  - Administration of high doses of vitamins B6, B1 and B12 successfully inhibited
      lactation without any untoward side-effects or discomfort in 96% of patients who
      had not yet established lactation, compared with 76,5% of control patients who
      received placebo.

PMID- 1209436
TI  - The uncertain psychiatrist.

PMID- 1209437
TI  - Massive deposition of mineral oil after prolonged ingestion.
AB  - A patient in whom prolonged mineral oil (liquid paraffin) ingestion caused the
      deposition of this material in the small intestine, abdominal lymph nodes, the
      liver, spleen and lungs, is described. The results of chemical and histochemical
      identification of the isolated material are presented. A description of the gross
      and microscopic pathology is followed by a brief consideration of some aspects of
      the subject of mineral oil ingestion. Prolonged unrestricted ingestion of mineral
      oil is dangerous and may cause structural and functional abnormalities which lead
      to severe malnutrition and death.

PMID- 1209438
TI  - Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. A case report.
AB  - A patient with multicentric reticulohistiocytosis is reported, and the clinical
      and pathological features of the condition are discussed.

PMID- 1209439
TI  - The prevalence of long-term illness among the elderly in a general practice.
AB  - A retrospective study was performed to assess the prevalence of long-term illness
      in all patients aged 65 years and over in the practice of one family physician.
      Of 191 patients (10,6% of the practice population), 87% suffered from at least
      one illness and the mean prevalence rates were 2 129 diagnoses per 1 000 males
      and 1 955 for females. Fifty-eight per cent of the women and 14% of the men were
      widowed. The prevalence rates of 16 diagnostic categories are presented and
      compared with their prevalence among the general population. The findings are
      discussed with reference to the need for functional assessment and for prevention
      or relief of disability, so as to enable the individual to remain reasonably
      independent. The implications are discussed in relation to the need for the
      family physician to undertake increased responsibility for the comprehensive
      medical care of the elderly.

PMID- 1209440
TI  - The supplementation of prdominantly cereal diets.

PMID- 1209441
TI  - Malnutrition in South Africa: some thoughts on the problem.
AB  - With special reference to pellagra and kwahiorkor, malnutirtion in South Africa
      is discussed in relation to the depth in which it is necessary to study
      malnutrition before action programmes are instituted; the time lag between
      research and adequate programmes for action; the importance of taking cultural
      factors into account in health education and in other applications of research;
      the importance of dealing with nutritional problems holistically and the limits
      of the researcher's responsibility. Suggestions regarding the responsibilities of
      various groups that should be involved in eradicating malnutrition are made.

PMID- 1209442
TI  - The South African Nutrition Society and its role.

PMID- 1209443
TI  - "There is many a slip twixt the lip and the cell".
AB  - My title is, of course, a parody of a well-known aphorism "There is many a slip
      twixt the cup and the lip". It opens up consideration of the many processes
      through which food has to pass after entering the mouth and before the contained
      nutrients satisfactorily nourish the individual cells of which the body is
      composed. It implies that the consumption of an adequate and nutritious diet does
      not necessarily ensure good health. The aim of this paper is to show that whereas
      we know very well what quantity of nutrients need to be consumed for health, we
      still know comparatively little about what happens to the foods after they have
      been consumed and started on the way to their metabolism by the cells of the
      body. Some conditioning factors are well-known temproary or permanent
      disturbances of normal metabolism and excretion. Less is known about the role of
      psychological and allergic factors.

PMID- 1209444
TI  - Ascorbic acid and blood lipid and uric acid levels of students.
AB  - Serum lipid and uric acid levels were investigated in two groups of healthy young
      students. Each member of the control group was given 1 g of citric acid, and each
      member of the experimental group 4 g of L-ascorbic aicd daily for 4 months. Blood
      samples were drawn every month and leucocyte ascorbic acid, serum ascorbic acid,
      cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides and uric acid were determined. The
      ascorbic acid did not cause dramatic changes in lipid parameters, and no evidence
      could be found that ascorbic acid raises serum uric acid levels.

PMID- 1209445
TI  - Vitamin metabolism and requirements: some aspects reviewed.
AB  - Current knowledge concerning the metabolism and requirements of thiamine,
      riboflavine, vitamin B6, vitamin A, and vitamin C in the human is reviewed. The
      requirements of these nutrients appear to be the results of their excretory
      losses in the urine and faeces and through metabolic degradations. Although
      influenced by numerous factors, the catabolism appears in general to be the
      result of actions by degradative pathways unrelated to the biochemical or
      physiological functions of the vitamins. As a consequence, these excretory and
      catabolic losses cause continuous obligatory requirements for the vitamins that
      must be provided by dietary means.

PMID- 1209447
TI  - Letter: Hazards of prescribing the contraceptive pill.

PMID- 1209446
TI  - Letter: Preconceptional rubella.

PMID- 1209448
TI  - Prevention of hazardous pollution in hospital operating theatres with the use of
      mechanical systems.
AB  - This article describes, with the aid of sketches, the mechanical systems which
      could economically be designed for hospital operating theatres in an endeavour to
      eliminate the effects of hazardous pollution which exists in the majority of
      operating theatres. This article describes two seperate systems to combat the two
      major sources of pollution in operating theatres - contaminated air which reaches
      the operative wound of the patient, and the hazardous anaesthetic gases which are
      released into the atmosphere of operating theatres and associated areas such as
      recovery rooms.

PMID- 1209450
TI  - [Selective prenatal care: its importance in the prevention of perinatal
      pathology].

PMID- 1209449
TI  - [The importance of BCG vaccination in Mexico].

PMID- 1209451
TI  - [Health conditions in Mexico in 1973].

PMID- 1209452
TI  - [Suggestions by the physicians for a better distribution of physicians in
      Mexico].

PMID- 1209453
TI  - [Epidemiological and clinical study of psychiatric diseases in a social security
      system].

PMID- 1209454
TI  - [Pesticide poisoning in the lake region during the agricultural cycle of 1974].

PMID- 1209455
TI  - [Automatic computarized network for air monitoring in the Valley of Mexico
      (RECAMA)].

PMID- 1209456
TI  - [Family planning program directed by Ministry of Health: the continuity of the
      services to acceptants of the program and contraceptive methods].

PMID- 1209458
TI  - The role of the state in the development of the citizens' health protection.

PMID- 1209457
TI  - [Probable presence of onchocerccosis in Chiapas].

PMID- 1209459
TI  - Methodological problems regarding the development of economics of the socialist
      health protection system.

PMID- 1209460
TI  - Problems concerning the territorial planning of health protection in the P. R. of
      Bulgaria.

PMID- 1209461
TI  - [Cost of drugs used in hospitals correlated with influencing factors: hospitals,
      specialties, and diseases].

PMID- 1209462
TI  - [Social needs of patients and their satisfaction with medical treatment].

PMID- 1209463
TI  - Contribution to the systematization of life medium problems in view of their
      studying and solving.

PMID- 1209464
TI  - Influence of neurosis on outpatient turn-over.

PMID- 1209465
TI  - [Effect of influenza epidemics on mortality].

PMID- 1209466
TI  - [Calculation of work productivity in health fields--methodological contribution].

PMID- 1209467
TI  - Acute cholecystitis in children.
AB  - Data from retrospective review of 16 patients treated for acute cholecystitis
      indicate that the cause of this disease is different in children than in adults.
      The incidence of acute acalculous cholecystitis is higher in children. Congenital
      abnormalities of the gallbladder or bile ducts were not found in our patients.
      Cultures of the bile failed to establish a relationship with preceding infection,
      although infection seems to be an important etiologic factor. Diagnosis should be
      based on clinical signs and cholecystography. Early cholecystectomy is the
      treatment of choice. In patients with jaundice, operative choledochography is
      recommended.

PMID- 1209468
TI  - Changes in serum phosphate levels associated with intestinal infarction and
      necrosis.
AB  - Masive intestinal necrosis due to any cause is associated with a chemical complex
      that may be helpful in the early diagnosis of these conditions. This consists of
      elevated serum phosphate level, metabolic acidosis with significant  base
      deficit, elevated white blood count, and elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit
      values. This chemical complex associated with clinical signs and symptoms, may
      indicate the need for laparotomy. In this way, the time period between vascular
      occlusion and operation could be shortened and possible lead to more gratifying
      results than the present day extremely high morbidity and mortality rates which
      are associated with massive intestinal necrosis.

PMID- 1209470
TI  - The influence of resection of the small intestine on gastrin levels.
AB  - In 16 dogs, serum gastrin levels were determined after resection of the distal
      and proximal half of the small intestine. The response to feeding was
      significantly increased after intestinal resection. Higher postresectional levels
      were reached after resection of the proximal half of the intestine. This may be
      evidence that the proximal half of the small intestine, in addition to the liver
      and kidney, plays an important role in the inactivation of endogenous gastrin.

PMID- 1209469
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of the breast by modified radical mastectomy.
AB  - To evaluate the results of treatment of Stage I and Stage II-T1 and T2, NO and N1
      carcinoma of the breast by modified radical mastectomy with preservation of the
      pectoralis major muscle, the survival rates of all such patients treated by the
      senior author from 1965 through 1968 were compared with the survival rates of a
      simultaneous group of patients with similar stage disease treated by conventional
      radical mastectomy by the same surgeon. There were a total of 134 patients, of
      whom 51 had modified radical mastectomy and 83 conventional radical mastectomy.
      The five year survival rate for those treated by standard radical mastectomy was
      81 per cent, and for those treated by modified radical mastectomy, it was 84 per
      cent. In patients with histologically negative axillary lymph nodes, the rates
      were 86 per cent following both radical mastectomy and modified radical
      mastectomy. Four per cent of the surviving patients after modified radical
      mastectomy and 7 per cent of the five year survivors after radical mastectomy had
      evidence of metastases at five years. Locally recurrent disease was noted in 5
      per cent of those who had modified radical mastectomy and 7 per cent of those who
      underwent standard radical mastectomy. This analysis demonstrates that there is
      no significant difference in the survival and recurrence rates after conventional
      radical mastectomy and ,odified radical mastectomy of the Patey type. There is a
      high incidence of recurrence-free survival after both of these operations. Since
      modified radical mastectomy is less traumatic, involving less damage to muscular
      tissues, and is followed by significantly decreased deformity, it is advised as
      the treatment of choice for patients with carcinoma of the breast having no or
      minimal evidence of axillary node involvement. More extensive tumors adherent to
      the pectoral fascia or associated with multiple or large palpable axillary nodes
      should still be treated by conventional radical mastectomy.

PMID- 1209471
TI  - Diverticular disease of the right colon.
AB  - Diverticular disease of the right colon is uncommon. Most frequently, rightsided
      diverticula occur in the cecum, and usually, they are solitary. Generally, the
      diverticular are true diverticular containing all coats of the intestine, and
      usually the younger age group is affected. Right-sided diverticulitis mimics
      appendicitis. The diverticulum and adjacent reaction may be mistaken for
      carcinoma. Surgical excision is indicated to prevent recurrent symptoms as well
      as confusion at later barium studies.

PMID- 1209472
TI  - Use of the colon as a conduit for urinary diversion.
AB  - The use of a colonic conduit for  urinary diversion has a definite place as a
      salvage procedure after an unsuccessful ileal conduit, ureterosigmoidostomy,
      rectal bladder substitutes, or vesicobaginorectal fistulas. Under these
      conditions, correction by means of a colonic conduit has been accomplished in
      eight patients. A colonic conduit is a safe surgical procedure due to its low
      mortality and complication rates. It also alleviates some of the pitfalls of the
      ileal conduit, such as free reflux of urine and stomal stenoses.

PMID- 1209473
TI  - Translumbar aortography updated.
AB  - Although translumbar aortography is the oldest form of aortography, we belive it
      to be the procedure of choice in studying patients with aortoiliac and more
      distal peripheral vascular occlusive disease. It may be performed rapidly and
      easily and carried a low serious complication rate. The aorta should be punctured
      below the renal detail even in the feet, and some life threatening complications
      that have been reported when the aorta was punctured above the renal arteries may
      be avoided.

PMID- 1209474
TI  - The importance of candida as an infectious agent.
AB  - During the two and a half year period from January 1971 through Jyly 1973, 23
      patients had cultures positive for candida from intra-abdominal isolates. Most of
      these patients had intestinal or biliary fistulas or abscesses and were seriously
      ill. Major  contributing factors to the development of candidal infections
      included the extensive use of multiple antibiotics, multiple operations, advanced
      age, and debility. Thirty additional patients had cultures positive for candida
      from skin and subcutaneous isolates. Candida appeared to contribute to the poor
      healing of wounds in some of these patients, particularly those with peripheral
      vascular ischemic lesions and decubitus ulcers. Antibiotics and concurrent
      diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease,
      were common factors relating to the development and growth of candida in these
      patients. There is often considerable difficulty in determing whether or not
      candida is only a contaminant or is an infectious agent contributing to the
      illness of the patient. This must be determined in each individual instance. In
      spite of the fact that candida appeared to be a significant infectious agent in
      many of these patients, specific antifungal therapy was used sparsely. It is
      suggested that appropriate antifungal drugs be used in patients with significant
      disease and that there should be greater awareness of the factors leading to the
      development of these extremely serious candidal infections.

PMID- 1209475
TI  - Separate inguinal incisions in the treatment of carcinoma of the vulva.
AB  - A modified surgical technique, using separate incisions for vulvectomy and for
      each groin, resulted in a low morbidity rate, with no increase in tumor
      recurrence and no reduction in length of survival time in comparison with
      previously reported methods of treatment of invasive squamous carcinoma of the
      vulva. The clinical staging adopted by the International Federation of
      Gynaecology and Obstetrics accurately predicted survival time for patients in
      this series as in others. However, in instances in which the histologic status of
      the nodes differs from the clinical assessment, postsurgical staging with primary
      importance attached to the histologic evaluation more accurately predicts
      prognosis.

PMID- 1209476
TI  - Changing etiologic patterns of renal insufficiency in surgical patients.

PMID- 1209477
TI  - Editorial: The surgical gastroenterologist.

PMID- 1209478
TI  - Data favoring biopsy of the breast under local anesthesia.
AB  - Experience with 184 consecutive biopsies of the breast for 147 benign lesions and
      37 carcinomas over an 18 month period has been reviewed. Local anesthesia was
      used in 78 per cent of the patients, and it was the method of choice whenever the
      preoperative diagnosis was benign. General anesthesia was used when the lesion
      was thought likely to be malignant. Anesthesia within these guidelines was used
      in 88 per cent of patients with correct preoperative diagnoses. Exceptions were
      made primarily, but not exclusively, because of patient preference. The
      preoperative diagnoses were correct in 168 patients, unstated in five, and
      incorrect in 11. Six women erroneously were thought to have carcinoma, and five
      others unexpectedly had malignant disease. Although biopsy remains mandatory, the
      preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of the breast can currently be made with
      sufficient accuracy to justify restricting recommendation for general anesthesia
      to those patients thought likely to have carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 1209479
TI  - The use of the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage in identifying the
      recurrent laryngeal nerve.
AB  - The inferior thyroid artery, traditionally used as a guide in identifying the
      recurrent laryngeal nerve, is not wholly reliable because of two factors which
      affect the constancy of the relation between nerve and artery. One is the
      variability of the anatomic pattern of tbe inferior thyroid artery, and the other
      is the occasional incidence of a nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve. In a
      study of 500 recurrent laryngeal nerves, the inferior cornu of the thyroid
      cartilage was more reliable than the inferior thyroid artery in identifying the
      recurrent laryngeal nerve. The anatomic relation between the recurrent laryngeal
      nerve and the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage was constant in all
      patients, except those in whom there was displacement of the nerve resulting from
      lesions of the thyroid or the parathyroid glands. Operations upon the neck
      require understanding of the anatomic characteristics of the recurrent laryngeal
      nerve and of possible involvement of the nerve with the pathologic process
      involvement of the nerve with the pathologic process as well as fastidious
      operative technique.

PMID- 1209481
TI  - [Bronchial obstruction in patients with post-tuberculous pneumosclerosis].

PMID- 1209480
TI  - Renal hypertension.
AB  - Continuing interest in the mechanism of hypertension have produced considerable
      new information on the underlying pathophysiologic processes involved.
      Elucidation of the role of renal malperfusion, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
      mechanism, and renal medullary antihypertensive substances continues to clarify
      our understanding of renal hypertension. Current evidence suggests that
      angiotensin can produce hypertension by a direct effect on peripheral blood
      vessels in malignant hypertension and in renin-secreting renal tumors and by an
      intrarenal mechanism influencing intrarenal distribution of blood flow, and,
      thereby, sodium resorption in chronic renovascular hypertension. The current
      diagnostic techniques used to determine the presence of renal atery stenosis and
      its functional significance are reviewed. Arteriographic evidence of renal artery
      collaterals and a positive differential venous renin ratio are the two parameters
      whose usefulness and practicality have been best documented in recent years. The
      results of surgical procedures reported in the world literature show a 50 per
      cent rate with a further 30 per cent improvement rate in terms of control of
      hypertension. When functional significance of stenosis is demonstrated before
      surgical procedures, cure rates of the order of 80 per cent can be achieved.
      Recent developments of technique of operating room upon less extensive lesions of
      the renal artery branch extend the possibilities of surgical benefit which should
      also be considered in the presence of renal failure of renovascular origin.

PMID- 1209482
TI  - [Value of the use of vectorcardiography in chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1209483
TI  - [Pneumo-oxyhemography in early diagnosis of ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1209484
TI  - [Erroneous interpretation of fever syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis and
      Bechterew's disease].

PMID- 1209485
TI  - [Angiomyxoma of the heart].

PMID- 1209486
TI  - [Intravital diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma].

PMID- 1209487
TI  - [Primary fibrosarcoma of the heart].

PMID- 1209488
TI  - [Case of primary sarcoma of the pericardium].

PMID- 1209489
TI  - [Importance of long-term anticoagulant therapy in ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1209490
TI  - [Diagnosis and diagnostic errors in modern cardiology].

PMID- 1209491
TI  - [Difficulties in recognition and differential diagnosis of chronic active
      hepatitis].

PMID- 1209492
TI  - [Certain causes of medical errors].

PMID- 1209493
TI  - [Symptomatic hypertension in primary aldosteronism and its diagnosis].

PMID- 1209494
TI  - [Idiopathic myocardial lesions and their diagnosis].

PMID- 1209496
TI  - [Plasma lipoproteins and atherosclerosis].

PMID- 1209495
TI  - [Possibilities of certain non-invasive methods in differential diagnosis of
      rheumatic and arteriosclerotic heart lesions in middle-aged and old patients].

PMID- 1209497
TI  - [Diagnosis of mediastinal and mediastinal-pulmonary forms of sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1209498
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological comparisons in patients with pulmonary heart disease].

PMID- 1209499
TI  - [Detection of early signs of cardiac insufficiency with the aid of closed
      physical exertion and echocardiography].

PMID- 1209500
TI  - [Studies of gas exchange and certain indicators of metabolism in patients with
      chronic pneumonia by the use of submaximal physical exertion].

PMID- 1209502
TI  - [Clinico-diagnostic aspects of study of gastric secretion].

PMID- 1209501
TI  - [Kidney function according to radioisotope studies in chronic diseases of the
      liver and biliary tract].

PMID- 1209504
TI  - [Physician, medicine and publicity].

PMID- 1209503
TI  - [Activity of intestinal disaccharidases in normal state and in chronic
      enterocolitis].

PMID- 1209505
TI  - [Body and incarnation in biology and pathology. Formal address at the
      presentation of the Romano Guardino Prize on March 19, 1975].

PMID- 1209506
TI  - [Coronary surgery--in whom and when].

PMID- 1209507
TI  - [Developmental trends in dietetics].

PMID- 1209508
TI  - [The effect of natural management of chronic functional brain damage].

PMID- 1209509
TI  - [Influenze prophylaxis with Mutagrip].

PMID- 1209510
TI  - [Experience with Panpur in clinical-surgical practice].

PMID- 1209511
TI  - [Antibody development in influenza vaccination with a polyvalent aluminum oxide
      adsorbed vaccine].

PMID- 1209513
TI  - [Genetic counseling in practice].

PMID- 1209512
TI  - [Juvenile goiter].

PMID- 1209514
TI  - [The problem of antibiotic therapy in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 1209515
TI  - [The health situation in India].

PMID- 1209516
TI  - [Reading-spelling disability or legasthenia. A common, often misunderstood
      disease of students].

PMID- 1209517
TI  - [Human experience with isolation].

PMID- 1209518
TI  - [The management of frequently occurring parasitic tropical diseases].

PMID- 1209520
TI  - [Nutrition, fasting and hygiene in Nepal].

PMID- 1209519
TI  - [The antibaby pill. The basis of hormonal contraception in medical practice].

PMID- 1209521
TI  - Treatment with Uniferon in iron deficiency anaemias of pregnancy.

PMID- 1209522
TI  - Evaluation of chloramphenicol (chlorocide) sensitivity of pathogenic agents
      isolated from adult patients treated at the department for infectious diseases
      (from January 1967 to October 1972).

PMID- 1209523
TI  - Treatment with Sumetrolim in chronic non-specific respiratory tract infections.

PMID- 1209524
TI  - The use of Trasicor and hypothiazide in the treatment of hypertension and
      hypertensive angina pectoris.

PMID- 1209525
TI  - Twenty-fourth international congress of medical history in budapest.

PMID- 1209526
TI  - The role of prostaglandins in fertility control.

PMID- 1209527
TI  - Experiences in delivery induced and assisted by prostaglandin pge2alpha.

PMID- 1209529
TI  - [Cardiovascular properties of oxaflozane (1,766 CERM), a new non-tricyclic
      antidepressive].

PMID- 1209528
TI  - [Drug regulation of growth hormone].

PMID- 1209530
TI  - [Effect of calcitonin on certain experimental models of arrhythmia].

PMID- 1209531
TI  - [Effect of sulpiride on operant behavior in animals].

PMID- 1209532
TI  - [Absence of propranolol deinhibitor effect on punishment behavior in pigs].

PMID- 1209533
TI  - [Influence of electroshock on the chlordane-treated rat].

PMID- 1209534
TI  - [Neuroendocrine effect of sulpiride and sultopride on sexual function in rats].

PMID- 1209535
TI  - [Possible effect of l-dopa on neonatal neurological distress. preliminary study].

PMID- 1209536
TI  - [Pain phenomena due to cancer chemotherapy. their modification under the
      influence of certain vasodilator agents].

PMID- 1209537
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency during treatment using a combination of gentamicin and
      cephalothin].

PMID- 1209538
TI  - Fibrinolysis in cultured cells.

PMID- 1209539
TI  - Histochemistry of tissue plasminogen activator.

PMID- 1209540
TI  - Formation and detection of fibrinogen derived complexes.

PMID- 1209541
TI  - Determination of human fibrinopeptide A by radioimmunoassay in purified systems
      and in the blood.
AB  - The formation of fibrin clots or circulating soluble fibrin is accompanied by the
      appearance of fibrinopeptides. Measurement of the fibrinopeptide concentration in
      plasma can provide important information on the rate of conversion of fibrinogen
      to fibrin by thrombin. This rate varies under different physiologic and
      pathologic conditions. Fibrinopeptide A is a better molecular marker of the
      conversion than fibrinopeptide B since it is the first peptide to be cleaved by
      thrombin. A radioimmunoassay technique has been developed for the quantitative
      determination of human fibrinopeptide A. The procedure detects human
      fibrinopeptide A at a concentration of approximately 0.05 ng/ml. The variation of
      fibrinopeptide A content in normal persons may reflect its rapid formation and
      catabolism. A significantly increased concentration of this peptide was found in
      a patient during defibrination therapy with a purified enzyme from the venom of
      Agkistrodon rhodostoma and in patients suffering from retinal vascular
      occlusions.

PMID- 1209542
TI  - Maternal serum FDP and circulating fetal red cells throughout pregnancy. A
      longitudinal study.
AB  - The presence of fetal red cells in the maternal circulation and the serum FDP
      content of 73 women was followed serially throughout a normal pregnancy. There
      was a signigicant increase in the mean serum FDP levels in late pregnancy, which
      was due to episodic elevations occurring in approximately 65% of women. These
      transient elevations appeared to increase in frequency and severity as pregnancy
      progressed. There was also an increase in the number of occasions fetal red cells
      were detected in the maternal circulation in the later months of pregnancy, but
      his phenomenon did not appear to be associated in any way to the serum FDP
      elevations. It is concluded that the episodic rises in serum FDP occurring in
      normal pregnancy are not related to episodes of occult disseminated intravascular
      coagulation secondary to placental haemorrhage as was previously hypothesized.
      Their etiology and clinical significance remain unknown.

PMID- 1209543
TI  - Calculation of predictive odds for possible carriers of heamophilia.
AB  - Betting odds for possible carriers of haemophilia have been calculated using data
      derived from normal and known carrier populations. For each possible carrier the
      concentration of factor VIII-related antigen and factor VIII biological activity
      was measured and used to determine the probability of the individual being a
      carrier. The calculations indicated that, of the 32 possible carriers, 11 were
      likely to be normal (odds of more than 5:1) while 11 were likely to be
      haemophilia carriers (again odds of more than 5:1).

PMID- 1209544
TI  - Adverse effect of heparin in thrombin-antithrombin III interaction.
AB  - Thrombin, while reacting in the presence of hepatin, impairs the inhibitory
      capacity of antithrombin III so that subsequent inhibition of thrombin or factor
      Xa is decreased or abolished. This adverse effect of hepatin has been observed
      directly with at least 1.5 Iowa units of thrombin per each unit of purified human
      antithrombin III participating in the reaction. The inhibitory capacity was then
      totally destroyed and some residual thrombin remained in the active form. With a
      lower enzyme/inhibitor ratio inactivation of thrombin in the presence of hepatin
      was fast and complete, however, a significant decrease of inhibitory capacity
      below that found in reaction without heparin, has been established by measuring
      the residual antithrombin III activity. In defibrinated human plasma at least 2
      units of thrombin per each antithrombin III unit were required to demonstrate
      directly the adverse effect of heparin but a fast depletion of inhibitory
      capacity has been also observed after repeated additions of small thrombin
      portions into plasma heparinized in vitro or in vivo. Portions of enzyme
      initially added disappeared with great velocity; subsequent portions, however,
      accumulated building up a high thrombin level not seen in the absence of heparin.
      The accumulation of residual enzyme was more extensive in plasma containing about
      1 heparin unit per ml than anticoagulant at lower concentrations and was
      particularly noticeable in antithrombin III deficient plasma. These results may
      have some bearings on the approach to heparin therapy in the event when thrombin
      continuously generates or when a marked deficiency of antithrombin III exists.

PMID- 1209546
TI  - A six-channel automated platelet aggregometer.

PMID- 1209545
TI  - Potato inhibitors of intrinsic prothrombin activators.
AB  - The potato protease inhibitors inhibit intrinsic prothrombin activators and
      trypsin activation of prothrombin. The inhibitors 5a and 5b are responsible for
      the intrinsic prothrombin activator inhibition. This inhibition is progressive.
      No inhibition by these inhibitors of tissue thromboplastin activation of
      prothrombin or thrombin activity was observed.

PMID- 1209547
TI  - Study of aggregate formation in region of separated blood flow.
AB  - The formation of platelet aggregates which embolize to the peripheral circulation
      has previously been noted as a significant deleterious effect resulting from both
      intra- and extracorporeal artificial circulatory devices. Utilizing the
      stagnation point flow experiment, which permits visualization during flow of
      aggregate formation on first contact of blood with an artificial surface, the
      formation of freely floating aggregates has been observed in separated flow
      regions. Embolization from the separated flow has also been noted. Comparison of
      observed growth rates with a hydrodynamic model suggests that sufficient
      activation has occurred within the separated region so that platelets stick on
      virtually every collision. Some criteria are also suggested which correlate with
      the flow conditions affecting aggregate formation. At high flow rates, where
      freely floating aggregates do not form, significant surface thrombi are found.

PMID- 1209548
TI  - Letter: Continuous thrombin irrigation for abscessed hematoma in hemophiliac with
      factor VIII inhibitor.

PMID- 1209549
TI  - Letter: "Active sites" on platelet membranes.

PMID- 1209550
TI  - Letter: Intervention of dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the development
      of thrombosis in cell-mediated immune reactions: possible mechanism of action.

PMID- 1209551
TI  - Letter: Heparin levels and blood coagulation.

PMID- 1209552
TI  - Letter: A more uniform measurement of factor VIII inhibitors.

PMID- 1209553
TI  - Letter: Prothrombin complex concentrates and chronic liver disease.

PMID- 1209554
TI  - Letter: Measurement of mild factor VIII inhibitors in Bethesda units.

PMID- 1209555
TI  - Letter: Clinical use of prothrombin complex and risk of hepatitis.

PMID- 1209556
TI  - Letter: The buffering of anticoagulants for blood collection.

PMID- 1209557
TI  - The relationship between the lysine and the p-aminobenzamidine binding sites on
      human plasminogen.

PMID- 1209558
TI  - Bleeding time in laboratory animals I. Aspirin does not prolong bleeding time in
      rats.

PMID- 1209559
TI  - The model of thrombosis and thrombolysis in vitro.

PMID- 1209560
TI  - A clotting artifact in isolated rat liver perfusions.

PMID- 1209561
TI  - Heparin assay in plasma: a comparison of five clotting methods.

PMID- 1209562
TI  - Amino-terminal analysis of human fibrinogen treated with estrogenic steroids:
      failure to support a thrombin-mimetic proteolytic effect.

PMID- 1209563
TI  - Effects of platelets and certain platelet components on growth of cultured human
      endothelial cells.

PMID- 1209564
TI  - Some effects of nicotine on platelets.

PMID- 1209565
TI  - Letter: Prothrombin complex concentrates and chronic liver disease.

PMID- 1209566
TI  - [Motility disorders in diseases of the colon. Pathogenetic and clinical aspects].

PMID- 1209567
TI  - [Carotid pulse registration].

PMID- 1209568
TI  - [P-wave changes in electrocardiography in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1209569
TI  - [Alexia without agraphia. A patient with rare aphasia symptoms].

PMID- 1209570
TI  - [Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle].

PMID- 1209571
TI  - [1-year experience with medical personnel in ambulances connected with a central
      hospital].

PMID- 1209572
TI  - [Pressure studies in diseases of the esophagus].

PMID- 1209573
TI  - [Catheterization and urinary tract infections].

PMID- 1209574
TI  - [Diagnosis, treatment and control of urinary tract infections in children].

PMID- 1209575
TI  - [Hypertension and renin/angiotensin. Physiopathological and therapeutical
      aspects].

PMID- 1209576
TI  - [Treatment of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1209578
TI  - [Editorial: Ambulance personnel].

PMID- 1209579
TI  - [Narcotic study in Oslo 1975].

PMID- 1209577
TI  - [Editorial: Genetic damage and carcinogenic drugs].

PMID- 1209580
TI  - Hemophilia A and hemophilia B in a family of French bulldogs.
AB  - A congenital coagulation defect was suspected in 10 male French bulldogs,
      independently referred to the Small Animal Clinic of the Utrecht State University
      by private pet owners from all over the country. The cases are described in this
      report. Coagulation studies, performed in 8 of these dogs, revealed a factor VIII
      (anti-hemophilic globulin) deficiency in 5, and a factor IX (Christmas factor)
      deficiency in 3 propositi. A pedigree analysis revealed that all of the 10
      propositi were lineal descendants, in the female line, of one and the same female
      ancestor. An inquiry by letter among the owners of 210 male descendants, in the
      female line, of this common ancestor revealed hemorrhagic episodes in at least
      another 10 male offspirng. The presence of a large number of carriers can be
      expected among the French bulldog population in the Netherlands, since the
      officially registered female offspring in the female line of the ancestor bitch,
      comprised over 170 dogs as of January, 1971. The possible mechanisms responsible
      for the simultaneous occurrence of hemophilia A and B in one canine family are
      discussed.

PMID- 1209581
TI  - [Bilio-digestive anastomosis using a mounted intestinal loop according to Roux-en
      Y. Indications and late clinical and biochemical results].

PMID- 1209582
TI  - [Primary biliary cirrhosis with scleroderma and hypothyroidism].

PMID- 1209583
TI  - [Cytological studies of rectosigmoideal mucosa].

PMID- 1209584
TI  - [Patient with "perianal fistulas"].

PMID- 1209585
TI  - An ultrastructural study of acid phosphatase localization in cells of Phaseolus
      vulgaris phloem by the use of the azo dye method.
AB  - The localization of acid phosphatase was studied in the sieve elements and
      companion cells in the phloem tissue of the bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. The
      various organelles in the two kinds of cell showed fine granules of the azo dye
      as the final reaction product. The aggregated smooth endoplasmic reticulum
      displayed the dye particularly consistently. The dye was also present in the
      plasmodesmata and in the contents of the sieve plate pores. The reaction product
      was conspicuous in the cell walls and tended to be concentrated in the middle
      lamella and in the nacreous wall layer of the differentiating sieve elements.

PMID- 1209587
TI  - [Variations in the structure of the abdominal cuticle of Tenebrio molitor L].
AB  - The ultrastructure of the adult abdominal cuticle of Tenebrio is described and
      special attention is given to the intersegmental zone in which the cuticle
      presents several architectural types, i.e. helicoidal, preferred and 'plywood'
      cuticle (Neville's terminology). This architectural polymorphism of the adult
      cuticle contrasts with the uniformity of larval and pupal cuticle architecture,
      which is entirely helicoidal.

PMID- 1209586
TI  - A radioautographic study of collagen synthesis by earthworm epidermis.
AB  - Secreation by the epidermis of two oligochaetes (Eisenia and Enchytraeus) was
      investigated radioautographically following administration of 3H-proline, 3H
      tryptophan or Na2(35)SO4. Regionally epidermal columnar cells of Enchytraeus
      synthesize the overlying, probably collagenous, cuticle. Eisenia epidermis does
      not recordably synthesize the cuticle until after wounding (first eight segments
      removed). By two days postoperative the epidermal columnar cells of Eisenia
      synthesize the collagenous cuticle and, later in regeneration, the epidermis may
      simultaneously synthesize the different collagen of the underlying basement
      lamella. The epidermis of Enchytraeus, but not of Eisenia, synthesizes some
      sulfated material associated with the cuticle surface.

PMID- 1209588
TI  - A freeze-fracture study of adult Calliphora salivary glands.
AB  - A freeze-fracture study of adult Calliphora salivary glands has revealed a high
      density (approx. 4500/mu2) of intramembraneous particles (80-110 A) in both the
      apical and basal membranes. Most of the particles were associated with the A
      face. The density of the stalked surface particles which coat the cytoplasmic
      surface of the apical membrane. The possible significance of these particles in
      ion transport is discussed.

PMID- 1209590
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of development and light-dark adaptation of the eye of
      Coccinella septempunctata L., with particular reference to ciliary structures.
AB  - On dark-adaptation of the 11-day adult eye, the rhabdomers move towards the
      cuticle. Each c-c-r array (of tandem centrioles and ciliary root) maintains its
      position relative to the rhabdomere, and the length of the root is apparently
      unchanged. The close association of the array with the rhabdomere is not
      established until after the first day of adult life. The array is already present
      at the time of pupation. The distal centriole subsequently becomes the basal body
      of a transitory ciliary bud, whole formation apparently precedes the onset of
      rhabdomere differentiation.

PMID- 1209589
TI  - A light and electron microscope study of intra-epithelial putative
      mechanoreceptors in squid suckers.
AB  - Putative mechanoreceptor neurons in the cuticularized epithelium of the suckers
      of the squid Lolliguncula brevis, were investigated using light and electron
      microscope techniques. These neurons were found to have a multipolar shape, thick
      unbranched axon, glial cell ensheathment, and accessory nerve fiber innervation.
      The need for electrophysiological and/or behavioral studies on these putative
      mechanoreceptors is emphasized.

PMID- 1209591
TI  - The fine structure of epidermal glands of regenerating and mature globiferous
      pedicellariae of a sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus).
AB  - After a globiferous pedicellaria is lost from a sea urchin, a new appendage of
      the same kind is usually regenerated in the weeks that follow. During the latter
      part of regeneration, head glands and stalk glands, both of epidermal origin,
      develop from undifferentiated cells. Head gland cells begin morphological
      differentiation in the epidermis and then delaminate into the underlying dermis.
      In the formation of the stalk gland, by contrast, undifferentiated cells
      delaminate from the epidermis and then begin morphological differentiation in the
      dermis. During late regeneration, cells in the head and stalk glands are
      characterized by extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum distended with
      intracisternal material; moreover, the Golgi complex is closely associated with
      some of the large cytoplasmic vacuoles. The accumulating secretions of the two
      glands differ both in fine structure and in site of storage. Head gland
      secretions are stored intracellularly in the cytoplasmic vacuoles, while stalk
      gland secretions leave the gland cells in an apocrine fashion and are stored in
      an extracellular lumen. After regeneration, the mature cells of the head glands
      and stalk glands contain relatively little distended endoplasmic reticulum,
      although a Golgi complex is still present. Presumably, mature gland cells, in
      comparison to regenerating gland cells, produce relatively little secretion;
      instead, the glandular products elaborated during regeneration are probably
      stored in the mature glands with little augmentation or turnover.

PMID- 1209592
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the electric tissue of Narcine brasiliensis.
AB  - The anatomy of electroplaques of Narcine brasiliensis has been studied by
      scanning electron microscopy. The ventral faces of the plaques are innervated
      with an abundance of branching nerves in close contact with the underlying
      (postsynaptic) membrane. Large numbers of troughs and evaginations of the
      postsynaptic membrane serve to increase its surface area. Fibroblasts are closely
      associated with the dorsal faces which appear covered with a matrix of fibrous
      material. Well-washed dorsal surfaces of single electroplaques are free of this
      matrix. The dorsal surface area is considerably increased by tubules extending
      into, and projections out of, the surface.

PMID- 1209594
TI  - [Current zoonoses in veterinary practice. 2. Bacterial infections].

PMID- 1209593
TI  - [Electrocardiography. Principles of electrocardiography (3)].

PMID- 1209595
TI  - [X-ray regulations from the veterinary viewpoint].

PMID- 1209596
TI  - [Veterinary sterility diagnosis, treatment and prevention].

PMID- 1209597
TI  - [Clinical and pathologico-anatomical observations on calves with congenital heart
      and vessel abnormalities].

PMID- 1209598
TI  - [Mulberry heart disease or dietetic microangiopathy].

PMID- 1209599
TI  - [Tendinitis of the horse. Definition, therapy and prognosis].

PMID- 1209600
TI  - [Latero-caudal approach to the tympanic cavity. Contribution to applied anatomy
      of the middle ear in the dog].

PMID- 1209601
TI  - [Bone marrow examination in the dog (4)].

PMID- 1209602
TI  - [Echinococcus cysticus as a cause of undiagnosed upper abdominal disorders
      lasting many years].

PMID- 1209603
TI  - Effects of change in frequency of stimulation on myocardial depression produced
      by thiamylal and halothane.
AB  - The effects of change in the frequency of stimulation on the myocardial
      contractility depressed by thiamylal and halothane were studied in isolated dog
      heart muscle. An increase in the frequency of stimulation from 0.1 to 0.6 cps
      resulted in a progressive in increase in net-shortening (delta1) and maximum
      velocity of shortening at 0.4 g preload (V'max), namely a positive staircase. The
      myocardium previously depressed to a similar degree by thiamylal or halothane
      still showed a positive staircase. This result indicates that the mechanism to
      produce the myocardial depression by thiamylal or halothane is not a complete
      inhibition of Ca++ influx across the cell membrane. The time to reach a steady
      state of contraction following an increase in the frequency of stimulation was
      longer in the presence than in the absence of these anesthetics. The degree of
      recovery from the myocardial depression by increasing the frequency of
      stimulation was much higher in the presence of thiamylal than in the presence of
      halothane. This fact suggests that the mechanism to produce the myocardial
      depression may be different in there two anesthetics.

PMID- 1209604
TI  - Leukocyte adenyl cyclase activity in human bronchial asthma.
AB  - Changes in adenyl cyclase activity of the peripheral blood leukocytes were
      investigated in patients with bronchial asthma. Estimation of the leukocyte
      adenyl cyclase activity was carried out following in vitro stimulation by sodium
      fluoride (NaF) or metaproternol. The NaF-stimulated adenyl cyclase activity was
      significantly lower during asthmatic attacks. An oral administration of
      metaproterenol to patients during an attack was found to enhance the activity
      back to the control levels. Off-attack asthmatic patients showed a normal value
      which was again elevated considerably when they were administered metaproterenol.
      In contrast, measurements of adenyl cyclase activity using metaproterenol
      stimulation showed little change in patients in spite of asthmatic attacks or
      metaproterenol regimen. The lowering of the NaF-stimulated leukocyte adenyl
      cyclase activity was inversely proportional to the degree of lymphopenia during
      attacks and positively correlated with an increasing percentage of neutrophils.

PMID- 1209605
TI  - Effects of isolation on mice in relation to age and sex.
AB  - Isolated-housing conditions (a single mouse in cage) have been reported to induce
      various changes in physiological and behavioral characters of mice comparing with
      collective-housing conditions. However, the effect of age and sex has not been
      studied in detail. In this report, the young (8 or 11 weeks old) and the mature
      (29 weeks old for male and 32 weeks for female) of both sexes were comparatively
      studied on the response to isolation. The duration of isolation was 12-13 weeks.
      Significant differences were seen in body weight, weights of fur and
      interscapular adipose tissue, and weight of adrenals in male, and the difference
      in weight of adrenals was more outstanding in the young than in the mature. In
      female, only weight of ovaries differed significantly between the isolation and
      the collective groups, and the difference prevailed in the young than in the
      mature. The heavy body weight with fat deposition and small adrenals in the
      isolated male is not consistent with the results on the isolated male rat (Hatch
      et al. 1965). Small ovary in the isolated female is a similar finding to reports
      on mice (Weltman et al. 1962) and on rats (Hatch et al. 1965).

PMID- 1209607
TI  - Electrophoretic, immunologic and kinetic characterization of erythrocyte pyruvate
      kinase in the Basenji dog with pyruvate kinase deficiency.
AB  - The electrophoretic mobility and the immunologic specificity of erythrocyte
      pyruvate kinase (PK) of the homozygous Basenji dog with PK deficiency were
      identical to those of normal M2-type PK isozyme seen in the white cell but not to
      those of the erythrocyte PK isozyme. Kinetic properties and stability were also
      consistent with the M2-type PK isozyme. Defective PK in the homozygous red cell
      was due to the absence of the erythrocyte PK isozyme and the compensatory
      presence of M2-type PK isozyme, as seen in the severe classical type PK
      deficiency in man.

PMID- 1209606
TI  - Studies on the experimental phenylketonuria in rats.
AB  - Wister albino pregnant rats were fed on pellets containing 3.5% L-phenylalanine
      (Phe) from 10 days before the expected date of birth. The diet was then switched
      to 7% Phe pellets at the third week after birth. Baby rats were reared with
      breast milk, and weaned at the end of the 4th week after birth; thereafter, they
      were reared with a normal diet for one week at the 5th week, and then were given
      7% Phe diet from the 6th week. These rats, which were reared with a diet of high
      Phe, showed a similar metabolic pattern to that of human phenylketonuria (PKU) in
      the following aspects: definite suppression of the liver Phe hydroxylase
      activity, excretion of a large amount of phenylpyruvic acid (PPA) and
      phenyllactic acid (PLA) into urine, and an elvated level of blood Phe content.
      But, they had an excessive amount of blood tyrosine (Tyr), and concurrently
      excreted massive homogentisic acid (HGA) in urine just as in human tyrosinemia
      alkaptonuria. The absence of urinary o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (o-HPAA) was also
      a distinct difference from human PKU. In some rats, mild inhibition of the liver
      Phe hydroxylase activity was observed. In other rats, there was no excretion of
      PPA into urine as in human hyperphenylalaninemia. Further, the regulatory
      mechanism of Phe catabolism of experimental PKU was discussed by analysing the
      enzyme activity of the liver Phe hydroxylase, phenylalanine-pyruvate (Phe-Pyr)
      transaminase and tyrosine alpha-ketoglutarate (Tyr-alpha-Kg) transaminase at
      different developmental stages of the rats.

PMID- 1209608
TI  - Exertional hemoglobinuria.
AB  - A 16 years old boy had a typical exertional hemoglobinuria after walking with his
      new leather shoes on. The attacks of hemoglobinuria were associated with the
      appearance of an unstable hemoglobin in red cells. A slightly decreased fragility
      curve by 24 hr incubated red cells, the increase of autohemolysis and the
      appearance of heat labile hemoglobin were observed after exertion. These findings
      support that exertional hemoglobinuria may be regarded as a transitory
      erythropathia.

PMID- 1209609
TI  - Three GM1-gangliosidoses and a variant of beta-galactosidase deficiency.
AB  - The clinical, pathological, chemical and enzymatic differences between three
      types of GM1-gangliosidosis and a variant of beta-galactosidase deficiency were
      described.

PMID- 1209610
TI  - Effect of morphine on PHA-stimulated human lymphocyte transformation.
AB  - The effect of morphine on lymphocyte blastoid transformation induced by PHA was
      studied in vitro by observing the uptake of 3H-thymidine into nucleic acid of the
      lymphocytes. Morphine at the estimated clinical blood concentrations did not
      inhibit lymphocyte blastoid transformation.

PMID- 1209611
TI  - Inhibitory substance (substance I) in rat liver of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and
      its effect on the rat blood pressure.
AB  - In a series of experiments undertaken to investigate the naturally occurring
      inhibitors of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, we extracted some active substance from
      rat liver. This substance was named "substance I" because of its inhibitory
      effect on the dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. Substance I had some hypotensive effect
      on the rat blood pressure.

PMID- 1209612
TI  - Analysis of diastolic pressure-volume relation of the canine left ventricle: half
      inflation pressure as an index of left ventricular compliance.
AB  - A sensitive index was proposed for the determination of left ventricular
      compliance. In the isolated potassium-arrested canine left ventricle, the
      pressure-volume (P-V) relationship was expressed as deltaV=a-be-cP throughout the
      range of filling pressure from 0 to 40 cmH2O, where deltaV and P were the actual
      volume change and intraventricular pressure, and a, b and c were constants. Then,
      half-inflation pressure (h) was calculated from h=[ln(2b/a)]/c. Left ventricular
      weight (LVW), intraventricular volume (LVV), ventricular external radius (ro) and
      internal radius (ri) were obtained from the measurements on the left ventricle,
      fixed at a filling pressure of 10 cmH2O. Then, LVVp=h, ro and ri at h were
      calculated. In the normal canine hearts, h was well correlated to LVW/LVVp=h and
      [(ro-ri)/ri]p=h. On the other hand, h/LVW/LVVp=h and h/[(ro-ri)/ri]p=h were
      constant and independent of LVW within a range of 40 to 150 g. These ratios rose
      markedly in the state of rigor mortis. From these results, it was concluded that
      h/LVW/LVVp=h and h/[(ro-ri)/ri]p=h depended on the left ventricular wall
      stiffness. And h was influenced by changes in LVW/LVVp=h and [(ro-ri)/ri]p=h in
      the absence of changes in intrinsic muscle stiffness.

PMID- 1209613
TI  - Acoustical studies on respiratory sounds in asthmatic patients.
AB  - Changes in the breathing sounds such as stridor and dry and wet rales in
      asthmatic patients were studied. The breathing sounds were recorded with the
      small transistor warp type microphone inserted through the nasal orifice into the
      trachea, main bronchi and segmental bronchi, and were analyzed with sound
      analyzer. The results were as follows: The whistling rales were caused by the
      resonance of the bronchial wall, when the vibrating frequency was coincident with
      its specific frequency. Snoring rales were explained as the sound caused by the
      air flow passing promptly through contracted bronchi with little secretion.
      Resonance of either bronchial wall or highly viscous sputum was considered to be
      responsible for the sonorous rales. Sibilant rales were audible when bronchi
      promptly repeated dilation and contraction. Stridor was picked up at the upper
      part of the air tract, from the main bronchus to the trachea, and noise was the
      main component on the sonogram, presumably caused by the air turbulence due to
      the narrowing and deformity of bronchial tube or to the sputum adhering to the
      inner surface of the air tract.

PMID- 1209614
TI  - Metabolism of short chain fatty acid in rat liver in biliary obstruction.
AB  - In an attempt to clarify the hepatic insufficiency in obstructive jaundice,
      hepatic metabolic rate of n-butyric acid, ketogenesis and CO2 formation from
      butyric acid were investigated using liver slices obtained from rats subjected to
      choledochal ligation or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) injection. The hepatic
      metabolic rate of n-butyric acid was reduced with the prolongation of biliary
      obstruction, and the reduction was presumed to be caused for the most part by the
      reduced ketogenesis and in part by the impairment of the citric acid cycle (TCA
      cycle). In 3approximately4 weeks after biliary obstruction, the metabolic rate
      reduced to a level comparable to liver necrosis produced by CCl4. This reduction
      of the metabolic rate of n-butyric acid is postulated as one of the pathogenic
      factors for fatal liver insufficiency in many cases of obstructive jaundice.
      While the reduction is mild and mobile in the early stage of jaundice, it may be
      of significance for preventing fatal liver insufficiency to relieve the
      obstruction as early as possible.

PMID- 1209615
TI  - Cat scratch disease.
AB  - Cat scratch disease developed on a 40-year-old wife was reported. Umbilicated
      papules closely resembling those in herpetic skin infection development on the
      areas which had been scratched by a cat a week ago. Obtained findings in the
      present case led us to a speculation that this disease was caused by herpes
      virus.  72 cases of this disease have been reported in Japan, and they were
      reviewed in the present paper.

PMID- 1209616
TI  - Studies on the fibercolonoscopy: with special reference to the latest procedures.
AB  - The Machida type fibercolonoscope, or FCS, devised by us is an anterior direct
      vision type of fiberscope. The most important feature of this new fiberscope
      consists of a tip of 5 cm size which is capable of being directed by flection up
      to 120 degrees in any direction and the tip up to 30 cm possessing a fishing-rod
      like flexibility and elasticity by means of a special spiral spring. This angle
      regulating mechanism makes it possible to insert this instrument along the course
      of the intestine under direct visual control. The fishing-rod-like construction
      where the maximal flexibility is greatest at the tip makes it considerably easier
      to pass sites of marked flexure in the colon. At examination the insertion of the
      instrument is guided by direct observation and by roentgenoscopy. The results in
      200 cases in 1970 and thereafter, when operative techniques No. I, II and III
      devised previously by us were used, showed that successful insertion into the
      cecum was possible in 139 out of 173 cases (80%) except 27 cases of pathological
      stenosis due to cancer and other reasons. Thus fibercolonoscopy now enables the
      direct observation of the colon beyond the reach of the signoidoscope, providing
      a useful diagnostic procedure. Furthermore, a medium-long fibercolonoscope or FCS
      M has been produced by us for examination of the lower portion of the large
      intestine. This is used in the inverted position without roentgenoscopic guidance
      as in conventional sigmoidoscopy. When this method, fibersigmoidoscopy, was used
      in 120 cases, it was possible to examine up to the transverse colon in 19 cases,
      the splenic flexure in 22 cases and the descending colon in 39 cases without the
      use of special techniques I, II and III. Thus in the majority of cases it is
      possible to carry out the examination of the left colon in this manner. The
      usefulness of fibersigmoidoscopy in the practical clinic is, therefore, rather
      larger than that of fibercolonoscopy.

PMID- 1209617
TI  - Desquamation of renal epithelial cells as a route of mercury excretion in man: a
      preliminary study.
AB  - Urine of mercury-exposed workers in a chlorine manufacturing factory and of
      staffs of our laboratory was separated in the supernatant solution and the
      precipitate by a centrifugation of 105,000 Xg for 60 min. The ratio of the amount
      of inorganic mercury in the precipitate to that in the supernatant solution
      ranged from 0.23 to 4.84, and was dependent upon the level of urinary mercury.
      The role of the desquamation of tubular cells is suggested as a possible route of
      urinary excretion of mercury.

PMID- 1209618
TI  - Neuromuscular blocking properties of some antibiotics in man.
AB  - Neuromuscular blocking properties of ribostamycin (1 gm), dibecacin (100 mg) and
      tobramycin (60 mg) were studied in a man during anesthesia and surgery by
      observing the effects of these antibiotics on muscle twitch tension. These drugs
      alone did not show any neuromuscular blocking action in those therapeutic doses.
      However, during the recovery phase of d-tubocurarine block the intravenous
      administration of 1 gm of ribostamycin caused a fairly rapid decrease in twitch
      tension. Tobramycin 60 mg did not show any remarkable effect, but dibecacin 100
      mg produced a slight potentiating effect on the action of d-tubocurarine. The
      enhancement of the action of d-tubocurarine was antagonized promptly by
      edrophonium and more slowly by calcium.

PMID- 1209619
TI  - Toxicity studies with 5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil.

PMID- 1209620
TI  - Fate of fluorocarbons in the dog and rabbit after inhalation.

PMID- 1209621
TI  - The ultrastructure of human livers after prolonged lidoflazine therapy.

PMID- 1209622
TI  - The morphological effects of chronic cadmium administration on the renal
      vasculature of rats given low and normal calcium diets.

PMID- 1209623
TI  - Diphenylhydantoin effects on hexobarbital and aniline biotransformation in male
      rats: differences between in vitro and in vivo observations.

PMID- 1209625
TI  - Endrin metabolism in endrin-susceptible and -resistant strains of pine mice.

PMID- 1209624
TI  - Drug-nitrite interactions: the lack of toxicity of a N-nitroso derivative of
      tripelennamine formed in the rat.

PMID- 1209626
TI  - Distribution studies of (14C)delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice: effect of
      vehicle, route of administration, and duration of treatment.

PMID- 1209628
TI  - Metabolism of ethyl acetate in the rat: hydrolysis of ethyl alcohol in vitro and
      in vivo.

PMID- 1209627
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of D,L-threo-dihydroxyphenylserine in cats.

PMID- 1209629
TI  - Effect of phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment on carbon
      tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver.

PMID- 1209630
TI  - Concentrations of serum proteins during aflatoxicosis.

PMID- 1209631
TI  - Effect of chronic ingestion of lead on the central cholinergic system in rat
      brain regions.

PMID- 1209632
TI  - Induction of cleft palate in mice after ophthalmic administration of
      hydrocortisone.

PMID- 1209634
TI  - Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. VI. Animal and human responses to vapors
      of "60 Solvent".

PMID- 1209633
TI  - Studies on Dieffenbachia picta Schott: toxic effects in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1209635
TI  - Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. VII. Animal and human response to vapors
      of "70 Solvent".

PMID- 1209637
TI  - Aminoaciduria and proteinuria in rats after a single intraperitoneal injection of
      Ni(II).

PMID- 1209636
TI  - Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. VIII. Animal and human response to vapors
      of "140 degrees Flash Aliphatic Solvent".

PMID- 1209638
TI  - Further studies on the chlorpromazine-induced prolongation of the disappearance
      of mescaline from mouse tissues.

PMID- 1209640
TI  - Chronic marihuana inhalation toxicity in rats.

PMID- 1209639
TI  - Reproduction and teratological studies with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1
      nitrosourea (CCNU) in the rat and rabbit.

PMID- 1209641
TI  - Studies on the nephrotoxicity of ochratoxin A in rats.

PMID- 1209642
TI  - Long-term toxicity study of mycophenolic acid in rabbits.

PMID- 1209643
TI  - Effect of treatment with cannabis extract on the water and glycogen contents of
      the uterus in normal and estradiol-treated prepubertal rats.

PMID- 1209644
TI  - Protective effect of phenobarbital on cadmium toxicity in mice.

PMID- 1209645
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of aerosol propellants. I. Cardiac depression in the dog.
AB  - The inhalation of fluorocarbons caused a depression of myocardial contractility,
      aortic hypotension, a decrease in cardiac output and an increase in pulmonary
      vascular resistance. The minimal concentrations that elicited these changes are
      as follows: 1% trichlorofluoromethane (FC11); 2.5% dichlorotetrafluoroethane
      (FC114); and 10% dichlorodifluoromethane (FC12). Inhalation of 20%
      octafluorocyclobutane (FC318) and difluoroethane (FC152a) did not influence these
      hemodynamic parameters. As in previous comparisons, the most widely used aerosol
      propellants are potentially cardiotoxic in the anesthetized dog.

PMID- 1209646
TI  - The effect of massive transplacental iron loading.
AB  - Intravenous injection of three doses of 50 mg Fe/kg (total dose 150 mg Fe/kg) as
      iron dextran into rabbits late in pregnancy (days 26, 28, and 30 of gestation)
      reduced the weight gain of the dams and increased fetal mortality. Three doses of
      20 mg Fe/kg also increased fetal mortality, while three doses of 5 mg Fe/kg were
      without effect. Liver and kidney iron concentrations of the dams and offspring
      were markedly increased at the time of parturition by treatment with a total dose
      of 150 mg Fe/kg. At 6 weeks after birth the liver and kidney iron concentrations
      of offspring from treated dams were comparable to those from control dams. The
      liver and kidney iron concentrations of the treated dams were significantly
      reduced from the levels found immediately post-partum. In the rat, four i.v.
      doses of 200 mg Fe/kg as iron dextran on days 17, 18, 19, and 20 of gestation
      (total dose 800 mg Fe/kg) produced tremors, reduced body weight gain, and reduced
      food consumption in the dams. The growth and survival of the offspring were
      adversely influenced by these effects on the dam. The liver iron concentration in
      offspring of rats treated with 800 and 400 mg Fe/kg was increased at parturition,
      but had returned to normal at 4 weeks of age. No iron-induced pathology was
      evident in the offspring of either rabbits or rats after 14 and 18 weeks,
      respectively.

PMID- 1209647
TI  - Lead and active calcium transfer through the intestinal wall in rats.
AB  - 5-week-old female albino rats were given daily doses of lead as acetate ranging
      from 2 mug to 20 mg by gastric intubation for 1 week. The animals were sacrificed
      on the 8th day of the experiment. Calcium-45 and (in some experiments) strontium
      85 were used as markers to assess their active transfer through the duodenal wall
      by the everted gut sac method of Wilson and Wiseman. The active transport ratios
      of both calcium and strontium, as well as their retention in the intestinal wall
      were unaffected by the lead treatment of the animals. As the total calcium
      transport was found earlier to be diminished by lead treatment it is concluded
      that lead influences the passive transport, possibly by fixation to the
      intestinal wall.

PMID- 1209648
TI  - Reversible inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in human cells by lead
      chloride.
AB  - An acute intoxication by lead chloride (conc. 2.5 - 10(-4)M) produces a temporary
      reduction of macromolecular syntheses in HeLa cells growing asynchronously. The
      reduction is similar for DNA, RNA and proteins and differs only in the intensity.
      After a one-day intoxication, if the cells are put back in a fresh medium, the
      syntheses return to normal within 10 h. The histochemical sulphide-silver method
      shows that lead is present in the cells during the inhibition.

PMID- 1209649
TI  - Effect of intratracheal injection of mica dust on the lymph nodes of guinea pigs.
AB  - Histopathological changes in the tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes were studied up to
      365 days in guinea pigs following intratracheal injection of a suspension of mica
      dust. In general, the cytotoxic effect provoked by dust was not pronounced as the
      majority of the swollen dust-laden macrophages retained their normal structure at
      the termination of the experiment and fibrotic lesions were limited to the
      formation of thick reticulin fibers. The poor fibrogenic response of mica dust
      has been attributed to its low cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1209650
TI  - A study of the embryotoxicity of the food colour Ponceau 4 R in rats.
AB  - An embryotoxicity study on Ponceau 4 R was carried out in SPF Wistar rats. The
      substance was given by gavage from day 1 to 20 of the gestation period in doses
      of 0, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg bw per day, dissolved in distilled water. The
      foetuses were removed on day 21. No effect due to the treatment with the dye was
      observed with regard to the number of corpora luteae (CL), of implantations, of
      foetuses dead or alive with regard to gross malformations, to skeletal and
      internal malformations or to the weight of the foetuses.

PMID- 1209651
TI  - Comparative percutaneous absorption of pyrithiones.
AB  - The percutaneous absorption of 3H or 35S labelled pyridine-2-thione-N-oxide (PT)
      through the skin of rat, rabbit and guinea pigs in vivo is reported. The sodium
      (Na) zinc (Zn) and zirconium (Zr) derivatives of PT were studied and the effects
      of duration of contact and concentration of the NaPT and ZnPT in test solutions
      were examined. Shampoo test solutions containing the isotopically labelled PT
      were applied to the skin of the animals. The skins were then rinsed, the treated
      areas of skin protected and excreta were monitored for the isotope for 2 days
      after treatment. Penetration was calculated from the amounts of isotope in the
      excreta. Further groups of animals were treated with test solutions applied under
      occlusive patches for 6 h before rinsing the skin. The turnover of Na and ZnPT in
      the three species after intraperitoneal and subcutaneous injection was measured.
      All three species rapidly excreted the injected isotope principally via the
      urine. The comparative penetration of the three PT samples was Na greater than Zr
      greater than Zn from all treatments. The comparative permeability of the animals'
      skins to these PTs was rabbit greater than rat greater than guinea pig. NaPT
      penetration was found to be dependent upon duration of contact and concentration
      in the test solution whereas the penetration of ZnPT was found to be proportional
      to concentration but independent of duration of contact of the test solution.
      Extrapolation of these findings to the use of shampoos containing up to 1% (w/v)
      ZnPT by man indicated an adequate margin of safety for use of this type of
      product.

PMID- 1209652
TI  - Removal of manganese by chelating agents from brain and liver of manganese
      treated rats: as in vitro and an in vivo study.
AB  - Some chelating agents were examined for their ability to remove manganese from
      brain and liver (in vivo) and their sub-cellular fractions (in vitro), of rats
      pretreated with manganese sulphate. Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), 1,2
      cyclohexylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic
      acid (DTPA) were extremely effective in vivo while CDTA and p-aminosalicylic acid
      (PAS) were efficient in vitro.

PMID- 1209654
TI  - Nomenclature of naturally occurring peptides.

PMID- 1209655
TI  - Letter: A response to "nomenclature of naturally occurring peptides".

PMID- 1209656
TI  - Natural resistance of bovine animals to Micrurus migrocinctus venom.

PMID- 1209653
TI  - The erythrocyte transport and transfer of methylmercury to the tissues of the
      rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
AB  - Methylmercury (MeHg) was found to be taken up rapidly and almost completely by
      trout red blood cells (RBC) both in vitro and in vivo. The binding of MeHg within
      the RBC was freely reversible both in vitro, as shown by the efflux of MeHg from
      RBCs suspended in protein solutions, and in vivo following intracardial (i.c.)
      injection of RBC-bound MeHg. Hemoglobin (Hb) appeared to be the main MeHg
      transport protein in trout blood since it bound 90% of whole blood Hg following
      an intragastric dose of Me203HgCl. MeHg, injected i.c. as MeHgS-cysteine, was
      found to be present in blood bound almost completely to hemoglobin 10 days post
      injection. This suggests an ability of hemoglobin to compete for and bind MeHg
      bound to other sulfhydryl (-SH) compounds. The number of reactive -SH groups per
      molecule of trout Hb was determined to be 4 by amperometric titration with
      MeHgCl. The concentration of Hb reactive -SH groups in the trout RBC was
      calculated to be at least 20 mM. This accounts for the high affinity of the RBC
      for MeHg.

PMID- 1209658
TI  - Twenty-five cases of poisoning by the mushroom Pleurotus olearius.

PMID- 1209657
TI  - Bite by the spider Herpyllus ecclesiasticus in South Carolina.

PMID- 1209659
TI  - Ciguatera poisoning: a report of 35 cases.

PMID- 1209660
TI  - Freeze-drying from tertiary butanol in the preparation of endocardium for
      scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - The scanning electron microscope appearances and shrinkage of blocks of canine
      endocardium prepared by freeze-drying directly, by freeze-drying after replacing
      tissue water with tertiary butanol (2-methyl propan-2-ol) and by critical point
      drying were compared. All three methods demonstrated endothelial cells which
      showed nuclear prominences, microvilli and intercellular boundaries. The
      microvilli varied in size and number from dog to dog but were generally less well
      defined in specimens freeze-dried from water. Shrinkage due to t-butanol
      dehydration was significantly less than that which occurred in ethanol in the
      critical point drying method. Overall the reduction in surface area was
      significantly less in specimens freeze-dried directly at -65 C (6.8%) than in
      those dried from t-butanol at -20 C (15.4%) and those prepared bly critical point
      drying (22.1%). However the amount of shrinkage observed in t-butanol treated
      tissue was not significantly different from that which was critical point dried.
      It was not possible to distinguish between comparable samples prepared by these
      two methods on the basis of their scanning electron microscopic appearances. Thus
      the relative simplicity and convenience of the t-butanol method, together with
      its saving of time, its use of standard freeze-drying equipment and the avoidance
      of ice-crystal artefact justify its consideration as an alternative method of
      preparing wet biological tissue for scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 1209661
TI  - Extraction of [14C] vitamin A from rat liver and kidney during processing for
      transmission electron microscopy.
AB  - The retention of radioisotope-labeled vitamin A during processing for electron
      microscopy was investigated using the livers and kidneys of vitamin A deficient
      rats. [15-14C]Retinol (3muCi/animal) was administered by esophageal intubation to
      male rats which had been maintained on a vitamin A deficient diet for five or six
      weeks postweaning. Glutaraldehyde- or osmium-fixed tissue was processed by three
      methods: a) routine (a graded series of ethanols, propylene oxide and epoxy), b)
      rapid (75% and 95% ethanol with three changes of epoxy), or c) water-soluble
      embedding (70% and 80% hydroxypropyl methacrylate). Water-soluble embedding
      retained the highest percentage of label in the tissue (liver: 96.31%; kidney:
      98.68%). Inclusion of osmium tetroxide in the processing sequence and minimal
      exposure of tissue to lipid solvents were necessary for good retention of labeled
      vitamin A in tissues.

PMID- 1209663
TI  - An ultramicrotome illuminator for epoxy resin embedded single cell specimens.

PMID- 1209662
TI  - A simple vacuum cassette for microradiography.
AB  - Microradiography has been found to be a useful research tool for the
      investigation of bone formation, resorption and mineralization. Since relatively
      thin (60-125 mum) embedded hard tissue sections are used for this procedure,
      great care must be taken to ensure that the specimen is placed firmly and flatly
      without buckling against the photographic emulsion during the period of x-ray
      exposure in order to avoid distortion in the final microradiograph. The
      construction and use of a simple and inexpensive vacuum cassette for this purpose
      is described. With the use of a portable vacuum reservoir, specimen mounting can
      be done in a darkroom some distance from the x-ray source, often permitting the
      use of already existing x-ray facilities in other laboratories.

PMID- 1209664
TI  - A modified method for preparing Teflon-tipped probes for manipulation of
      ultrathin sections.

PMID- 1209665
TI  - [The importance of afterloading technics for radiation protection].
AB  - The importance of afterloading techniques for the improvement in radiological
      protection is shown. Simplifications of the constructional and operational
      provisions of radiation protection resulting therefrom are discussed. In this
      connection, the possibility is accentuated of completely giving up under certain
      conditions the measurement of the individual exposure doses to personnel working
      in the irradiation room, using long-term and short-term dosimeters.

PMID- 1209666
TI  - [Possibilities of dose distribution in the afterloading technic].
AB  - Remote (controlled) afterloading installations, offer the possibility to improve
      the dose distributions of the different applicators, since this apparatus permits
      the employment of artificial radionuclides with a high specific activity and with
      low energy of gamma rays. It is therefore possible to incorporate effective
      shielding into the applicators. The possible individual fitting of the dose
      distribution, however, demands considerable clinical effort, as the extension of
      the tumor in question has to be ascertained with sufficient accuracy. Otherwise,
      underdosage to tumor cells may happen within the shielded area. Most afterloading
      techniques are using stiff applicators and geometrical fixation within patients;
      configuration and position of the radiation sources in the patient therefore
      remain unchanged during the whole irradiation. Thus, it becomes possible to adapt
      additional external irradiation more exactly than before to the intracavitary
      dose distribution.

PMID- 1209667
TI  - [Criteria for an optimal isotope in gynecologic radiotherapy].
AB  - With regard to the evident disadvantages of radium, nowadays an artificial
      radiation source always should be considered, since it may be much more favorable
      for any intracavity application. The most usual ones are Cs-137, Co-60 and Ir
      192. Each of these isotopes has its advantages and disadvantages; therefore the
      choice of the isotope must take into account the criteria and requirements for
      each intracavitary radiation technique.

PMID- 1209668
TI  - [Radiobiological considerations in the selection of the dose rate of
      intracavitary radiotherapy].
AB  - The differences in the biological effects of either fractionated high dose-rate
      irradiation or protracted low dose-rate irradiation is discussed with regard to
      their relevance for intracavitary radiotherapy. There is no biological advantage
      in using fractionated high dose-rate irradiation instead of protracted low dose
      rate irradiation. However, with adequate fractionation schedules, fractionated
      high dose-rate intracavitary radiotherapy may be as good as radium therapy.

PMID- 1209669
TI  - [Technics and radiophysics of Buchler's afterloading device].
AB  - Informations are given upon a newly developed afterloading apparatus. It works by
      means of a point-shaped Iridium-192 source which is oscillating within the
      applicator during irradiation. The motion of the source is regulated by
      exchangeable cams. A great variation of isodose curves can be obtained in this
      way. The safety devices of the installation yield optimal radiological
      protection. The compact construction system of the basic equipment allows
      flexible use within existing therapy rooms.

PMID- 1209670
TI  - [Results of radiotherapy with cobalt 60 beads compared to surgery in 725 uterine
      neoplasms].
AB  - From 1958 to 1970, in 435 cases (60%) out of 725 carcinomas of the uterus sole
      radiation therapy by cobalt-60 beads was performed; in 288 cases (39.7%) surgery
      was done (combined with tele-cobalt-irradiation in almost all cases, 5000 to 6000
      rd TD). Two cases (0.3%) received no treatment. The unfavorable selection of the
      irradiated women (average age 64,6 years) as against the surgically treated ones
      (average age 50.9 years) did allow a complete intracavitary irradiation only in
      60.6% of the cases; in 39.4%, the dose had to be reduced considerably. The five
      year survival amounted to: 64.4% after sole irradiation, 93.2% after
      operation/postirradiation in stage I; 46.9% after sole irradiation, 75.0% after
      operation/postirradiation in stage II; 30.8% after sole irradiation in stage III.
      No survivors existed in stage IV. Mortality from treatment with sole irradiation
      amounted to 1.8% (8/435). Radiation fistulas were observed after sole irradiation
      in 0.4% (1/435), after operation/postirradiation in 0.7% (2/288). As long as
      there is no satisfactory afterloading technique for intracavitary irradiation of
      the carcinoma of the uterus, an application of cobalt-60 beads seems to offer the
      following advantages as compared to an implant of radium filters: Shorter
      duration of the application, better adaptability to the cavitary lumen,
      diminished risk of perforation. No perforation was observed.

PMID- 1209671
TI  - [Comparison of the results of radio gold therapy, cobalt 60 teletherapy and
      chemotherapy in 330 ovarian neoplasms].
AB  - From 1960 to 1972, 276 out of 330 cases of ovarian cancer were treated by
      different techniques of postoperative radiation therapy; 54 advanced cases
      underwent prospective chemotherapy. Radiogold intraabdominally administered (190
      to 300 mCi), telecobalt (5000 rd) or the combination of radiogold and telecobalt
      was chosen for postoperative radiation therapy. Cyclophosphamide (Endoxan),
      prednisolone, and gestagenes (Prothil) were given as a long-term chemotherapy.
      The most successful technique of radiation therapy is confronted with long-term
      chemotherapy after three years (five years) of survival: Stage I a, b, c:
      Radiogold = 91.7% (66.7%), chemotherapy (only I c) = 100%. Stage II a, b:
      Radiogold + telecobalt = 47% (35%), chemotherapy = 85%. Stage III: Radiogold +
      telecobalt = 25% (0%), chemotherapy = 52%. Stage IV: Radiotherapy = 0%,
      chemotherapy = 25%. The absolute five-year survival without chemotherapy amounted
      to 23%. The mortality curve under chemotherapy shows a four-year survival rate of
      88%, if tumor cells had been detected microscopically (ascites, omentum), but of
      only 30% after macroscopical verification of the tumor. Therefore, the maximally
      possible partial resection of the tumor is recommended in inoperable stages
      before the beginning of chemotherapy. "Prophylactic" long-term chemotherapy
      following macroscopically complete surgical treatment is recommended, whenever
      microscopical spread of tumor cells appears to be possible. In inoperable stages,
      chemotherapy ought to be applied prior to radiation therapy. In stages I a, b, c,
      and II a, postoperative irradiation with radiogold (100 mCi) and in stage II b
      additionally radiation teletherapy of the pelvis (6000 rd) is recommended.

PMID- 1209673
TI  - [The meladinine-blacklight treatment of psoriasis vulgaris].

PMID- 1209672
TI  - [Experiences and results in the radiotherapy of 1013 patients with uterine cervix
      neoplasms].
AB  - The cases of 1013 patients with carcinoma of the cervix are reviewed, who
      underwent primary radiation treatment in the time from 1951 through 1968. This
      patient-population is analyzed. The radiation method is described. Out of 1013
      women, 496 (49%) survived without recurrences for five years: 80.8% had Stage I
      disease; 69.7%, Stage II; 38.8%, Stage III; 7.7%, Stage IV. The five-year
      survival amounted to 53.0%, the relative effectiveness to 61.5 per cent.
      Complications, side-effects and secondary diseases are reported, as well as the
      observations of recurrences found by us.

PMID- 1209674
TI  - [A polarization effect-free graphite double extrapolation chamber for the
      absolute dosimtery of high energy electrons].
AB  - Theoretical principles, constructional features and operation of an improved
      extrapolation-chamber intended for absolute ionization dosimetry of high-energy
      electrons are described. The construction allows a precise variation of the
      cylindrical measuring volume by varying thickness and diameter (exactly from 0 to
      30 or 3 to 30 mm resp.), whereat measurements can be taken either using
      cylindrical graphitic walls or "no walls". The improvements consist in a
      combination of the following characteristics: high electric and mechanical
      stability; avoidance of disturbances due to electrostatic charges; elimination of
      the polarity error; practically homogeneous graphitic construction without
      foreign materials; graphite as a preferential reference material; measurements by
      chemical dosimetry following within the same apparatus. Results of measurements
      are reported concerning the verification of the complete or partial equilibrium
      of electrons, the deviations from the ideal cavity conditions of Bragg and Gray,
      and the comparison with ferrous sulfate dosimetry. Absolute measurements of the
      ion dose being accurate to about 0.5% can be obtained with the chamber. Thus, the
      chamber seems qualified to be used as a primary standard.

PMID- 1209675
TI  - [Radiation exposure during examination with a therapy simulator. 2. Radiation
      load on the examiner during radiography (measurements on the Alderson-Man
      phantom)].
AB  - In judging the risk incurred by persons professionally exposed to radiation,
      there is at present a more distinct tendency towards consideration of somatic
      effects - as e.g. somatic "crossing over", accidents of development, induction of
      cancer; thus more attention is paid to individual risk. For assessment of this
      radiation risk, the organ doses in question must be known; they can be estimated
      by means of the ascertained tissue-air-ratios, if the field of stray radiation
      from the X-ray equipment is known. To obtain data for statements with regard to
      the radiation load on the examiner during radioscopies with a therapy simulator,
      it was necessary to determine the stray radiation field of the X-ray apparatus.
      Therefore, using an Alderson-Man-phantom, the angular distribution of the local
      dose rate were measured at a tube voltage of 84 kV. The skin irradiation fields
      had dimensions of 25 cm2, 100 cm2, and 400 cm2 at the distances 50 cm, 100 cm,
      150 cm, and 200 cm of the ionization chamber from the central ray. The
      measurements were performed on levels of 90 cm, 130 cm, and 160 cm above the
      floor. Some additional measurements aimed at a more exact investigation of the
      dependency of scattered radiation upon the tube voltage, the area of the
      radiation field, the distance from the central ray, and the height above the
      floor. The attenuation capacity of a light radioprotective apron (0.25 mm lead
      equivalence) was also determined. It turned out that, at a tube voltage of 84 kV,
      the apron still was passed by about 3.6% of the hitting stray radiation. The
      present measurements yield important indications of the best possible locations
      of the examiner during radioscopy. A practical example is given showing how to
      assess the radiation load on single organs; the results show that the examiner is
      exposed to a gonadal load of about 2 mR and to a load of about 17 mR on the
      crystalline lenses, while engaged in preparative roentgenologic measures for
      intrauterine transfusions.

PMID- 1209676
TI  - The hematological effects of irradiation on the Indian desert gerbil (Meriones
      hurrianae Jerdon).
AB  - Male adult gerbils were irradiated with a whole-body dose of 600 R with gamma
      rays. The animals were studied for their hematological response on days, 1, 2, 3,
      7, 14, and 28 post irradiation. No significant change was noted in erythrocyte
      number after irradiation. There was a slight fall in hemoglobin and hematocrit
      values in the early post-irradiation periods. A transient leukocytosis was
      observed on day 1 after irradiation followed by a sharp fall on day 2 which
      continued up to day 3. A recovery in leukocyte value was noted after a week of
      irradiation. Abnormal leukocytes were noted in the peripheral blood on day 2
      after irradiation. The results show that the gerbil is radioresistent and is
      comparable to the rabbit at this dose-level.

PMID- 1209677
TI  - [Variations in kidney location and consequences for the radiotherapy of kidney
      neoplasms in the optimization of irradiation planning].
AB  - Related to the discussion of optimal radiotherapy planning for the treatment of
      intrathoracal and intraabdominal tumors being located near the diaphragm, the
      question arises all over again, if the tumor or the former tumor-bed really are
      completely encompassed by treatment fields if the patient's topography has
      changed during a series of irradiations. Using a therapy simulator, the
      variations of the situs of kidneys are investigated in 20 patients. Changes of
      the location, which ought to be considered for radiotherapy treatment planning,
      are observed while changing from dorsal to abdominal position or due to
      exspiration and inspiration. Hence, consequences result concerning the precision
      of irradiation planning especially with regard to the sound kidney to be spared.
      Altogether, a better adjustment to individual features of the topographical
      correlations is realized. The accurate encompassment of the target volume and the
      careful sparing of the sound kidney resulting therefrom are justifying that much
      time must be spent on irradiation planning.

PMID- 1209678
TI  - [Pulmonary perfusion, ventilation, and gas exchange during modified cobalt-60
      teletherapy of operated on breast carcinomas].
AB  - Post ablationem mammae, 22 patients were exposed to a modified telecobalt
      irradiation because of mammary carcinoma. (Tangential pendulum irradiation of the
      thoracic wall with deflection of the central beam off the pendulum axis,
      parasternal irradiation with pendulum fields, irradiation of the supraclavicular
      and axillar area with deflection of the central beam to lateral and cranial
      directions.) During radiation therapy and up to six months after its termination,
      periodical pulmonary function tests were accomplished, consisting in a radiogram
      of the thorax, in spirometric check-up and blood gas analysis, and in an
      examination of pulmonary perfusion and ventilation using radionuclide techniques.
      In one patient with metastases to the ribs, the spirographic and nulear-medical
      ventilatory results changed for the worse in the course of time, whereas the
      other 21 patients did not show any significantly abnormal alterations at follow
      up examinations.

PMID- 1209679
TI  - [A way to spatial irradiation planning. II. Vectorial demonstration of spatial
      dose distribution within a single-ray beam and 1st consequences for the
      practice].
AB  - Spatial irradiation planning among other things demands spatial consideration of
      the dose distribution within the single useful ray beam. From this point of view,
      the vectorial dose quantities introduced in part I of this paper are reviewed,
      their correlations are examined as well as their dependences on different
      influencing quantities e.g. on the rotational position of the wedge filter with
      the central ray as an axis of rotation. The vectorial description of dose
      distribution used in this paper, additionally offers information on the total
      effect upon the inclination of isodose surfaces or curves respectively, caused
      either simultaneously by different influences (simultaneous effect) or in
      temporal succession by separate influences (succession effect). The correlations
      observed can be verified diagrammatically or dosimetrically using simple
      practical examples. Thus, it is possible for instance to obtain a continuous
      defined variation of the isodose inclination by varying the weights of the
      partial doses with successive irradiation with or without a wedge filter.

PMID- 1209680
TI  - An assay of biological dosimetry from the changed number of lymphocytes and
      hypersegmented neutrophiles evaluated by means of statistical decision method.
AB  - The paper presented deals with the statistical utilization of changes in
      lymphocyte and hypersegmented neutrophiles counts in peripheral blood after
      irradiation for the biological detection of ionizing radiation. Both followed-up
      parameters are in a good correlation during simultaneous evaluation of their
      changes, and they fail during evaluation in various time intervals after
      irradiation. The changes of two hematological parameters after irradiation,
      lymphopenia and hypersegmentation of cellular nuclei of granulocytes were
      therefore utilized. The changes under examination were elaborated in the computer
      and avaluated by method of regression classification and by discriminatory
      analysis. This analytical way enables a new conception during the evaluation of
      individual hematological post-irradiation changes. This study is being continued
      in several lines. On the one hand, further statistical methods of making the
      results more precise will be used, on the other hand, other laboratory animals
      will be tested as well. Last but not least, the best statistical method will be
      used in an attempt to detect biologically the changes after the therapeutical
      irradiation in man.

PMID- 1209681
TI  - Effect of postradiation bleeding on proliferative activity of cells in small
      intestine crypts of rats.
AB  - The effect of postradiation bleeding on the dynamics of duodenal crypts' cells
      proliferation in rats was studied. The animals, females, three months old,
      weighing 170 or 180 g, were exposed to radiation of 800 R (115 R/min) and
      immediately after irradiation were bled by cardiac puncture to 50% of total blood
      volume. Proliferative activity of duodenal epithelium cells was monitored for a
      period of five days after irradiation. For control purposes normal, irradiated
      and only bled animals were used. The results demonstrated that although there are
      no significant differences in proliferative activity of duodenal epithelium cells
      in irradiated and bled animals and only irradiated animals, the postradiation
      reparative processes in irradiated and bled animals is considerably more stable.
      It is considered that bleeding itself by its hypoxic activity reduced the
      sensitivity of epithelium to the dose of radiation used. On the other hand,
      bleeding removed the damaging agents which appear after total body irradiation.

PMID- 1209683
TI  - Effect of radiophosphorus on chromosomes in swiss albino mice during postnatal
      development.
AB  - Swiss albino mice of one to five weeks of age were injected with P-32 at the dose
      of 1 muCi/g body weight and were autopsied when they were six weeks old.
      Karyological examination was carried out on bone-marrow cells. The chromosome
      aberrations observed were terminal and interstitial deletions, dicentrics,
      metacentrics, and rings. The frequency of aneuploid cells observed was 1.4%.

PMID- 1209682
TI  - Distribution and behaviour of isoselenouronium salts in the body. IV. 2
      Aminoselenoazoline.
AB  - The time dependence of the distribution of 2-aminoselenoazoline-75Se in the
      organism of rats and mice was followed. By comparison of the results obtained
      with the previous study of radioprotective properties of this compound, its
      efficiency was shown to be dependent on the actual concentration in tissues.

PMID- 1209684
TI  - [Changes in protein metabolism following irradiation. 1. Activity of protease,
      protease pattern, protein and free amino acids in cytoplams and cell organelles
      of the rat spleem following 600 R whole-body X-ray irradiation].
AB  - The protease activity of cytoplasm and cell organelles of the rat spleen against
      spleen protein and hemoglobin as a substrate increases during an initial reaction
      phase of the organism on the first day after 600 R whole body X-irradiation. The
      alkaline proteases in the cytoplasm and the acid proteases in the cell organelles
      increase, whereas the protease activity against externally added hemoglobin as
      substrate decreases below the initial values. The protein, the protease activity
      and the free amino acids of the cytoplasm and the cell organelles decrease during
      the disease phase on day 3 and 4 after irradiation. The protein loss of the
      spleen is therefore not explained by an increased protease activity. Acid
      proteases appear in the cytoplasm which derive probably from the cell organelles.
      The protease activity and the free amino acids are increased in the cytoplasm and
      the cell organelles during the regeneration phase of the organism between day 15
      and 18 after irradiation.

PMID- 1209685
TI  - Carcinogenic effect of radiation on the mouse embryo; physical aspects of
      radiation dosimetry.
AB  - The doses received by the embryos from abdominal irradiation of the females at
      the time of pregnancy may adversely affect the offspring. The dose to the embryo
      will depend on the depth of the embryo from the surface, the distance of the
      embryo from the central axis of the beam and on the photon energy. A knowledge of
      the dose as well as the percentage depth dose in this region will be necessary
      for the meaningful correlation between the radiation dose and the neoplasm
      formation due to prenatal irradiation. This paper presents the results of our
      experimental investigation of the percentage depth doses in a mouse phantom. The
      results of theoretical computation of percentage depth doses to off-axis points
      are found to be in good agreement with the experimental values.

PMID- 1209686
TI  - Differential inhibition of androst-4-en-3,17-dione aromatization by carbon
      monoxide in the presence of estr-4-en-3,17-dione.
AB  - The aromatization of androst-4-en-3,17-dione or 17beta hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one
      (testosterone) is not inhibited by carbon monoxide under normal incubation
      conditions, whereas the aromatization of corresponding 19-nor steroids (estr-4-en
      3,17-dione and 17beta-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one) is readily inhibited under the same
      conditions. A possible explanation was found when it was shown that androst-4-en
      3,17-dione and testosterone could displace bound carbon monoxide from human
      placental microsomal cytochrome P-450. The 19-nor steroids did not displace
      carbon monoxide, even at very high concentrations. These C-18 compounds appeared
      to facilitate complex formation and reversed the effects of the C-19 steroids. A
      mutual antagonism was observed with regard to effects on the formation of the ce
      titrated. These observations suggested that the aromatization of androst-4-en
      3,17-dione should be inhibited by carbon monoxide if sufficient concentrations of
      the 19-nor steroids were present in reaction flasks. This hypotheses was tested
      and positive results were obtained, providing strong evidence for the involvement
      of cytochrome P-450 in normal estrogen biosynthesis.

PMID- 1209687
TI  - Progesterone mediated increase in monoamine stores and the regulation of enzymes
      of biosynthesis and metabolism in the adrenal gland during late pregnancy in the
      rat.
AB  - The influence of repeated injections of progesterone to pregnant rats upon
      monoamine storage and regulation of enzymes phenylethanolamine-N
      methyltransferase (PNMT), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O
      methyltransferase (COMT) was studied. All the pregnant females received
      progesterone (4 mg/100 g body weight) on 19, 20 and 21 days post-coitum but one
      group was killed at 21 days of pregnancy and the other one at 0 h parturition.
      Adrenal epinephrine demonstrated highly significant increase in progesterone
      treated rats. At the same time norepinephrine content declined significantly from
      the control value. The activity of enzyme PNMT also showed marked increase in the
      adrenals of progesterone treated females. Activity of enzyme MAO showed a slight
      decline after progesterone treatment to pregnant rats. Enzyme COMT in
      progesterone treateed animals showed decline at 0 h parturition but at 21 days
      post-coitum it was significantly higher from non-injected females. All the
      increases and decreases in monoamines and the three enzymes were significant when
      the results were expressed per adrenal gland or per gram of adrenal. The results
      suggest that exogenous progesterone administration during late pregnancy
      increases epinephrine stores by declining monoamine metabolism by MAO and COMT
      and increasing their synthesis by PNMT which is responsible for N-methylation of
      norepinephrine to epinephrine.

PMID- 1209688
TI  - The development and application of a radioimmunoassay for 18-hydroxy
      corticosterone.
AB  - A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay has been developed for 18-hydroxy
      corticosterone (18-OH-B) and applied to the measurement of this steroid in
      peripheral plasma. High specific activity label (3H-18-OH-B) was prepared using
      the incubation of 3H-corticosterone with duck adrenal mitochondria. Antisera were
      produced by immunisation with 18-OH-B gamma-lactone 3-oxime conjugated to bovine
      serum albumin. The antibodies examined showed 100% cross-reactivity with 18
      hydroxy-deoxycorticosterone gamma-lactone (18-OH-DOC gamma-lactone), but minimal
      cross-reactivity with other steroids. Paper chromatography was used to separate
      18-OH-DOC gamma-lactone from 18-OH-B gamma-lactone. The interassay precision was
      7.6% and the intra-assay precision 11.0%. The accuracy of the method was
      confirmed by showing a linear relationship between amounts of 18-OH-B added and
      amounts of 18-OH-B gamma-lactone measured (y = 0.854 X +15.1, r = 0.9. p less
      than 0.001). The mean plasma level in normal subjects on an ad libitum sodium
      intake was 225 +/- 92.7 (SD) pg/ml (n = 17) when standing, and 99 +/- 38.3 (SD)
      pg/ml (n = 6) after lying down for 30 minutes.

PMID- 1209689
TI  - Marine sterols. VI(1). Sterols of the scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis.
AB  - The sterols of the scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis Jay, was found to contain
      over 20 components. The major components were delta5-sterols, and lesser amount
      of ring-saturated sterols were also present. Biogenetically unusual C26 sterols
      (24-norcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol and 24-norcholest-22-en-3beta-ol) and 24(28)
      cis-24-propylidenecholest-5-en-3beta-ol (29-methylisofucosterol), 22-trans-27-nor
      (24S)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol (occelasterol), and a new sterol, 22
      trans-27-nor-(24S)-24-methylcholest-22-en-3beta-ol (patinosterol), were isolated
      and their structures were confirmed. Occurrence of 22-trans-(24S)-24
      methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol (24-epibrassicasterol) was confirmed. 22-cis
      Cholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol was not found.

PMID- 1209690
TI  - A specific, non-chromatographic radioimmunoassay for human plasma cortisol.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay technique has been developed for the measurement of cortisol
      in a single methylene chloride extract of human plasma without chromatography.
      The antiserum, obtained by immunizing rabbits with cortisol-3-carboxymethyl-oxime
      conjugated to bovine serum albumin, had a high affinity (KA = 1.8 X 10(9) 1/mole)
      and capacity (2.3 X 10(-6) moles/L undiluted serum) for cortisol. The minimum
      detectable amount determined at the lower 95% confidence limit of the buffer
      control tubes was 8.3 +/- 4.7 pg/tube and a log dose - logit response standard
      curve was linear between 20 pg and 20 ng/tube. The antiserum was highly specific
      for cortisol with only corticosterone, cortisone, 11-deoxycortisol and 21
      deoxycortisol showing significant cross-reaction (12.4, 6.6, 3.8 and 3.7%,
      respectively). The cross-reaction for the other tested naturally occurring and
      synthetic steroids did not exceed 1%. Regression analysis of cortisol
      concentration estimates obtained on 20 samples before and after Sephadex LH-20
      column chromatography gave a coefficient of correlation (r) of 0.995 and a
      regression coefficient (b) of 1.04. Recovery of cortisol added to plasma samples
      was quantitative. The intra-assay error was 8.5% and the inter-assay error
      averaged 5.7%. The method is simple requiring a single solvent extraction of
      plasma, therefore permitting large numbers of samples to be handled efficiently
      by a single technician.

PMID- 1209691
TI  - A rapid method for the estimation of estriol in plasma during pregnancy.
AB  - A rapid, reliable fluorimetric method for the determination of estriol (E3) in
      plasma is described. The method is eminently suitable for use in hospital
      laboratories and provides results within 5 hours of the reception of samples. It
      has several features not found in other methods. As little as 0.2 ml of plasma is
      required, all additions and aliquoting procedures are semi-automated an no
      special technical skill is necessary. A technician can carry out 20
      determinations per day. Average recoveries of 70% are routinely achieved, and the
      accuracy (2.4%) and the precision (4.0%) of the method are remarkably good for an
      assay of this type. A spectrofluorometer of high sensitivity, counting equipment
      and a high temperature oven are the essential major pieces of equipment.

PMID- 1209692
TI  - Solubilization and partial purification of a rat intestinal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
      D3 binding protein.

PMID- 1209694
TI  - Type and time of insemination within the menstrual cycle and the human sex ratio
      at birth.
AB  - Data that strongly suggest that the timing of insemination affects the human sex
      ratio at birth are presented. Two studies conducted by the author, including a
      total of 1,318 pregnancies, in which timing of insemination was related to the
      shift in basal body temperature are discussed, and previous literature is
      reviewed. The differential effect of type of insemination-natural versus
      artificial-is noted. The further question why timing and type of insemination
      affects the human sex ratio is also explored.

PMID- 1209693
TI  - Lessons from the Chinese experience: China's planned birth program and its
      transferability.
AB  - This article describes the most salient developments in the planned birth program
      of the People's Republic of China during the 1970s and discusses the potential
      for transfer of some features to other countries. Many Chinese activities are of
      interest because they are designed for a country with scarce resources for
      development and a low-income population. Some particular program features worth
      noting are: the encouragement of local initiative and experimentation: specific
      methods for the diffusion of innovation; and total integration of the health
      system with other development-political, administrative, economic, and social-at
      the grass-roots level.

PMID- 1209695
TI  - Attitudes toward family planning, marriage, and family size among unmarried women
      in Korea.
AB  - Data from the 1973 National Fertility and Family Planning Survey show that young
      unmarried women aged 18-27 desire small families and support family planning.
      These women express a lower son preference than did young currently married women
      surveved in 1973 and earlier. A majority of the respondents approve of the "stop
      at two" slogen of the family planning association, and they want to obtain more
      information about contraception before marrying. Unfortunately, survey results
      show that present sources of contraceptive information, including the schools,
      have not proved adequate.

PMID- 1209696
TI  - Differentials in fertility, family planning practice, and family size values in
      South Korea, 1965-1971.
AB  - Data from five Korean national KAP surveys of currently married women, conducted
      between 1965 and 1971, are analyzed to determine whether differentials have
      emerged or are emerging between urban and rural women in three factors of crucial
      importance for population growth: fertility, family planning practice, and family
      size values. Graphics are used throughout to analyze urban-rural differentials
      and trends in these factors over time. In addition, two statistical tests, the
      sign and binomial, are applied to the differentials to provide a tabular summary
      of results. Part I provides background information on population growth,
      urbanization, the achievements of the national family planning program, and
      economic development in Korea since the 1950's. Part II describes both urban
      rural differentials in fertility, as measured by mean parity, for married women
      aged 30-39 between 1966 and 1971; and urban-rural differentials in the
      proportions of women aged 25-39 currently practicing family planning between 1965
      and 1971. Part III analyzes urban-rural differences in ideal family size and
      ideal number of sons, controlling for number of living children and number of
      living sons. Part IV attempts to evaluate the impact of the national family
      planning program on the fertility, family planning practice, and family size
      values of the rural population by examining the findings on urban-rural
      differentials in the context of social and economic development, viewing the
      program as one of a multitude of variables that can affect these factors.

PMID- 1209697
TI  - Fertility and family planning in Thailand: results from two rounds of a national
      study.
AB  - The Longitudinal Study of Social, Economic, and Demographic Change was undertaken
      during the late 1960s to provide detailed national information on behavior and
      attitudes related to fertility and family planning in Thailand. Results from the
      second round of the study indicate that the practice of family planning increased
      substantially in both rural and urban areas during the three-year interval
      between the two rounds. During this period, marital fertility registered a
      decline in the urban areas. This was a result of a small rise in fertility among
      Bangkok-Thonburi women combined with a sharp decline in fertility among
      provincial urban women. Because the National Family Planning Program was
      officially begun at the time of the first round, its role in the increase in
      contraceptive use is examined. Although the study shows that the desired number
      of children is substantially below the actual number of children Thai womenhave
      by the end of their reproductive years, the desired number of children is still
      well above the number usually considered ideal in developed countries.
      Nonetheless, changes in reproductive behavior appear to reflect the impact of
      modernization on Thai society. In urban areas, marital fertility is only
      moderately high and a substantial proportion of couples practice family planning.
      Of particular importance over the remainder of the decade will be the
      reproductive behavior of rural women, who constitute an extremely high proportion
      of the Thai female population.

PMID- 1209698
TI  - Changing patterns in endometrial adenocarcinoma. A study of 291 consecutive cases
      at a large private hospital, 1960-1973.

PMID- 1209700
TI  - The role of the nurse practitioner.

PMID- 1209699
TI  - Applied ethology in clinical obstetrics.

PMID- 1209701
TI  - The neonatal value of fetal monitoring.

PMID- 1209702
TI  - The LaMaze lament.

PMID- 1209703
TI  - Repeat ectopic pregnancy: a study of 123 consecutive cases.

PMID- 1209704
TI  - Extragenital noncontiguous endometriosis.

PMID- 1209705
TI  - Hysterectomy in a community hospital.

PMID- 1209706
TI  - Biparietal diameter of the skull and fetal weight in the second trimester: an
      allometric relationship.

PMID- 1209707
TI  - May ideas become reality. Presidential address.

PMID- 1209708
TI  - A clinical appraisal of patients following long-term contraception.

PMID- 1209709
TI  - If she is "late" nonpregnant will she be "late" pregnant?

PMID- 1209710
TI  - Uterine prolapse with incarceration.

PMID- 1209711
TI  - Pelvic endometriosis and ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 1209712
TI  - A fluid-filled intrauterine device: initial clinical trials.

PMID- 1209714
TI  - The Peterson technique for dilation and curettage.

PMID- 1209713
TI  - Ceiling art for the gynecologic patient.

PMID- 1209715
TI  - An improved aseptic technique for catheterization.

PMID- 1209717
TI  - Removal of the retained IUD.

PMID- 1209716
TI  - Reducing the incidence of complications in vaginal surgery.

PMID- 1209718
TI  - The role of ovarian conservation in the treatment of carcinoma of the cervix with
      radical surgery.

PMID- 1209719
TI  - Pregnancy complicated by intravenous leiomyomatosis.

PMID- 1209720
TI  - The futility of retrospective study.

PMID- 1209721
TI  - Review of menstrual disorders in which a secretory endometrium was found.

PMID- 1209722
TI  - The immune response of mice repeatedly injected with allogeneic tumor cells.
AB  - The development and kinetics of cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC), antibody
      mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity (C'DC), and antibody-dependent
      cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were studied in an allogeneic model. Using
      microcytotoxic assays of 51Cr release from labeled EL-4 tumor cells, C'DC, ADCC,
      and CMC were measured at 14 intervals during the 77-day course of the experiment.
      The results obtained demonstrate the oscillating nature of the immune response.
      The rise and fall of activity was almost synchronous for the three functions
      studied. A generalized trend of increasing antibody-dependent functions and a
      simultaneous dampening of CMC was noted.

PMID- 1209723
TI  - The numerical development of lymphoid cells during human embryogenesis.
AB  - We have studied the cellular growth rates in the fetal thymus, spleen, and bone
      marrow of 12 human fetuses ranging in gestational age from 7 to 20 weeks. In all
      instances growth rates were linear when plotted logarithmically. However, the
      spleen had a biphasic growth curve. These data are useful in predicting the
      cellular yields which can be obtained from human fetal lymphoid organs which are
      to be used for transplantation in immune deficiency diseases and other clinical
      conditions.

PMID- 1209724
TI  - Growth and differentiation of ectopic mammary autotransplants in the hamster
      cheek pouch.

PMID- 1209725
TI  - Effectiveness of prostaglandin E1 and procarbazine hydrochloride in prolonging
      the survival of vascularized cardiac hamster-to-rat xenograft.
AB  - The immunosuppressive effects of prostaglandin E1 and procarbazine hydrochloride
      were compared in a vascularized organ xenograft model. Hamster-to-rat cardiac
      grafts were used. Both procarbazine hydrochloride and prostaglandin E1 prolonged
      survival of the xenograft. Prostaglandin E1 had the additional feature of
      coincident suppression of hemagglutination titer to hamster red cells.
      Prostaglandin E1 was somewhat less effective than procarbazine hydrochloride.

PMID- 1209728
TI  - Characterization of major histocompatibility (B) antigens of the chicken.

PMID- 1209726
TI  - Thymus transplantation in patients with thymic hypoplasia and abnormal
      immunoglobulin synthesis.
AB  - Fetal thymus transplantation was performed in three patients with thymic
      hypoplasia with abnormal immunoglobulin synthesis, one patient with ataxia
      telangiectasia, and one patient with immunodeficiency with eczema and
      thrombocytopenia. All patients received transfer factor before transplantation of
      a fetal thymus i.p. Reconstitution of cell-mediated immunity occurred in three of
      five patients. Two of the three patients with reconstitution of cell-mediated
      immunity also had evidence of improved antibody-mediated immunity. Reconstitution
      of cell-mediated immunity was characterized as occurring rapidly and being of
      varying duration, and was unassociated with HL-A chimerism. Successful
      reconstitution of immunity in these patients may have been related to several
      factors, including the use of fetal thymus less than 6 hr after abortion, i.p.
      transplantation, and a synergistic effect of transfer factor.

PMID- 1209727
TI  - Constancy of cross reactivity patterns during the anti-HL-A response.
AB  - Three immunizations yielding cross reacting anti-HL-A antibodies were followed
      for 1 year or more. The specificities of the antisera obtained at different times
      were determined from their reactivity against a selected cell panel. Each
      antiserum was titrated against cells presenting different degrees of cross
      reaction. An extensive absorption study of each antiserum, diluted to one
      cytotoxic unit, was also performed. The data obtained suggest that the cross
      reactivity pattern in each response is rather rigidly established from the
      beginning and that it has little chance to vary even after secondary stimulation
      from the same donor.

PMID- 1209730
TI  - Hemodynamic factors in pharmacokinetics.

PMID- 1209729
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability.

PMID- 1209731
TI  - Elimination kinetics and drug dosage in renal insufficiency patients.

PMID- 1209732
TI  - Pharmacogenetics--the individual factor in drug response.

PMID- 1209733
TI  - Studies on controlled drug release.

PMID- 1209734
TI  - Drug interactions.

PMID- 1209735
TI  - Pharmacological characterization of CB 154.

PMID- 1209736
TI  - [Study of the ultrastructural and functional expression of the hepatocyte genome
      under conditions of prolonged depression of protein biosynthesis by
      cycloheximide. III].
AB  - Dynamics of changes in mtRNA synthesis and mitochondria ultrastructure is
      strictly dependent on the level of inhibition of biosynthesis of cytoplasm
      proteins and "soluble" proteins of mitochondria by cycloheximide in hepatocytes:
      1-6 hrs later a progressive weakening of protein synthesis is accompanied by a
      drop in mtRNA synthesis and essential destruction of mitochondria; from 12 to 24
      hrs a partial restoration of protein biosynthesis induces the processes of the
      above-mentioned indexes normalization.

PMID- 1209737
TI  - [Karyogram of cattle chromosomes].

PMID- 1209738
TI  - [Study of the inhibition of mitotic activity in the rat liver].
AB  - When affecting the rat liver cells by the alkylating agent dipin or X-ray
      irradiation in combination with genome induction by phenobarbital, a considerable
      decrease was observed in the mitotic activity of hepatocytes after hepatoectomy.
      The decrease in the mitotic activity is preserved for 90 days between
      introduction of mutagene and phenobarbital. When increasing the time interval to
      150 days the inhibition in the mitotic activity is not observed.

PMID- 1209740
TI  - [Substrate basis of the adhesion of the adenohypophyseal and diencephalic cell
      layers and cell anlagen in chick embryos].
AB  - At the 16-18th stages of development of the chicken embryos adhesion of cell
      layers of the adenohypophysis and diencephalon anlages is provided with a
      submicroscopically regulated complex of neutral and acid polysaccharides,
      bivalent kations and probably proteins. The mechanisms of cells contact in each
      of the layers with this complex are different.

PMID- 1209739
TI  - [Study of the cholinesterases in human fibroblast-like embryonic cell culture].

PMID- 1209741
TI  - [Radiological study of the topography and morphology of pulmonary cancer].
AB  - This study proposes a radiological, topographical and morphological
      classification of primary carcinoma of the lung based on a large radiographic
      case-series of the National Cancer Institute of Milan checked
      anatomopathologically. The aim is to standardise the X-ray findings and so make
      for easier understanding and more rewarding cooperation among those engaged on
      the diagnosis and treatment of this tumor. The classification of lung cancer into
      central and peripheral only is felt, in the light of present knowledge, to be
      inadequate. It is therefore suggested that central lung cancers be divided into
      purely endobronchial, endoperibronchial and exobronchial, taking into account
      both the repercussions on ventilation and extracentral spread. For peripheral
      lung carcinomas more detailed morphological and topographical features are
      considered in order to pinpoint the tumor and its hilomediastinal spread,
      especially in the case of paracentral tumors. A brief reference is made to the
      more relevant radiodiagnostic procedures.

PMID- 1209742
TI  - [Topical ampicilin and local infectious complications in oncological surgery].
AB  - 420 consecutive patients having clean surgical operations were studied: 210 of
      them, selected at random, received 0.5-1 g of ampicillin into the wound before
      closure, the remainder being controls. Patients were examined for wound infection
      during the first postoperative week, in line with the opinion that topical
      antibiotic treatment can afford significant protection against wound infection
      caused by peroperative contamination. Wound infection has been defined as a local
      inflammation (redness and hyperthermia), usually with fever and/or discharge of
      pus. In some doubtful cases, a longer observation period was necessary to obtain
      a correct interpretation. Four out of 210 clean wounds (1.9%) became infected in
      the patients receiving ampicillin compared with 12 out of 210 (5.7%) in the
      control group. The difference could have arisen by chance less that one in a
      hundred times (p less than 0.01). It is our opinion therefore that after clean
      operations, the higher the risk of local infection, the more effective the
      topical use of antibiotics.

PMID- 1209743
TI  - Transient hypofibrinogenemia in a patient with advanced Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1209744
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in women less than 40
      years of age].
AB  - Endometrial adenocarcinoma in women under the age of forty presents a different
      course according to its histology. Adenocarcinomas of the endometrium may be
      classified into 4 main types: type 1, homologous or endometrioid; type 2,
      fallopian-like; type 3, cervical-like; type 4, unclassifiable. The majority of
      homologous adenocarcinomas have a relatively benign course, whereas the other
      types are definitely malignant. There is no room for doubt between adenocarcinoma
      and atypical endometrial hyperplasia in women under forty unless the histological
      pattern is of the homologous or endometrioid type, because the other patterns are
      definitely malignant.

PMID- 1209745
TI  - [A case of pseudosarcoma of the esophagus (author's transl)].
AB  - Pseudosarcoma of the esophagus previously has been described and documented in
      only 13 patients. Our case, after a successful total esophagectomy with
      esophagogastroplasty, is physically well without any symptoms of recurrence to
      date (18 months postoperative).

PMID- 1209746
TI  - [Reliability and value of diagnostic lymphography in carcinoma of the sigmoid,
      rectum and anus (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1963 to 1973, 253 patients with cancer of the sigmoid, rectum and anus
      underwent diagnostic lymphography at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan. In
      218 patients lymphography was performed as part of the intial diagnostic work-up,
      while in 35 it was done during the follow up period, after surgery. The accuracy
      of radio-histological correlation was 95%. This confirms the reliability of
      diagnostic lymphography and its clinical usefulness. In view of these results,
      this diagnostic tool is essential in the initial evaluation in patients with
      carcinoma of the anus, because lymphography was superior (28%) to the clinical
      inspection (6%) in the evaluation of the inguino-iliac lymph nodes. Lymphography
      is also useful in rectal cancer since it permits, in case of nodal metastases,
      selection of a group of patients in whom the therapeutic program should be
      revised. The exam is useless in cancer of the sigmoid. In the small group of
      patients who had lymphography in the follow up period, this technique was the
      only to show, in symptomatic patients, the presence of pelvic and/or para-aortic
      nodal metastases. Lymphography is also useful in these patients for the
      evaluation of the results of the radio/chemotherapy on involved nodes.

PMID- 1209747
TI  - Multiple primary melanoma.

PMID- 1209748
TI  - [A case of thyroid metastasis from hypernephroma (author's transl)].
AB  - The literature on the subject is reviewed and a case of isolated thyroid
      metastasis from hypernephroma is presented. Although isolated metastases are very
      rare, the possibility of long survival justifies aggressive surgery.

PMID- 1209749
TI  - [Epidemiologic and preventiv study on ankylostomiasis in a known endemic area
      (Takelsa)].

PMID- 1209750
TI  - [Statistical analysis of tumors hospitalized in Tunisia in 1971].

PMID- 1209751
TI  - [Suicide and general medicine].

PMID- 1209752
TI  - [Suicide: the unsuccessful suicide and his physician].

PMID- 1209753
TI  - [Psychosomatic diseases. Clinical, etiopathogenic and therapeutic aspects.
      Sociocultural variability].

PMID- 1209755
TI  - [Effect of heavy mechanical trauma on content of lactic and pyruvic acids in rat
      brain].
AB  - The content of lactic and pyruvic acids in the brain was studied as affected by
      heavy mechanical trauma. It was established that under the trauma effect the
      content of lactic acid in the brain tissue increases and phase changes are
      observed in the content of pyruvic acid and in the value of the lactate pyruvate
      ratio. Lactic acid accumulates most intensively in the cerebellum, cortex and
      subcortical areas of the brain, and less intensively--in medulla oblongata and
      spinal cord.

PMID- 1209754
TI  - [Content of N-acetyl-alpha-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate in bird brain in ontogenesis
      and under hyperoxia].
AB  - Distribution of N-acetyl-alpha-l-glutaminic peptide (NAAG) and N-acetyl-l
      aspartic acid (NAAA) in brain of different age chickens was studied in norm and
      under hyperoxia. The content of NAAG in the chicken brain during the first four
      weeks of life is more than 6 times as high and that of NAAA-4.3 times as high as
      their level in newborns. After the effect of a high pressure of oxygen (3.25 atm.
      on birds for 60 min) the content of NAAG lowers considerably in the brain of 14-,
      21- and 30-day chickens, that of NAAA in them increases.

PMID- 1209756
TI  - [Effect of yeast mannans on aldolase of rat blood serum].
AB  - The activity of aldolase in rat blood serum was studied in experiments in vitro
      and in vivo as affected by extracellular mannan of Rhodotorula rubra. It was
      established that in vitro the polysaccharide has an inhibitory effect in the
      enzyme and in vivo, vice versa, activates it. The maximal activation is observed
      against a background of the V increase and Km decrease. By the preparative
      electrophoresis in 7.5% polyakrylamide gel seven isoenzymes of aldolase are
      obtained. After introduction of the polysaccharide the activity in the individual
      isoforms of the enzyme increases.

PMID- 1209757
TI  - [Antiprotease activity of the inhibitor from dog submandibular salivary glands].
AB  - The influence of trielin, an inhibitor from dog submandibular salivary glands,
      was studied as applied to the activity of elastase, trypsin and chemotrypsin
      determined by their degrading action on protein and synthetic substrates. The
      inhibition constants were calculated for the enzymes. The inhibitory effect of
      trielin was especially developed on the trypsin when using N-alpha-benzoyl
      arginine-p-nitroanilide as a substrate. On the basis of inhibition constants the
      affinity of different substrates to elastase trypsin and chemotrypsin was shown.

PMID- 1209758
TI  - [Effect of immunoglobulin G in the blood serum from cancer patients on
      glycolysis].
AB  - The activity of reconstructed glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate
      dehydrogenase reactions was studied as affected by immunoglobulin G of blood
      serum from patients with cancer and protein positively reacting in sedimentation
      test for cancer which is one of its subfractions. Addition of the protein under
      study to the sample is shown to inhibit the glyceraldehyde phosphate
      dehydrogenase reaction but activates the lactate dehydrogenase one. On the basis
      of the data obtained a conclusion is made that the effect of immunoglobulins G in
      the glycolytic systems is connected with the reactions of hydrogen transfer.

PMID- 1209759
TI  - [Solubilization of sarcolemma acetylcholinesterase with Triton X-100 and KCl].
AB  - It is shown that simultaneous treatment with sarcolemma with triton X-100 (0.1
      1.0%) and KCl (0.6-1.2 M) solubilizes about 60% of acetyl cholinesterase, however
      its specific activity in the intact sarcolemma and in the obtained fractions is
      the same. A considerable part of lipids (about 90% of phospholipids and 50% of
      cholesterol) may be removed by treating sarcolemma with 0.1% triton X-100; it may
      be fixed in the membrane by hydrophoric bonds. Other phospholipids and
      cholesterol are bound with sarcolemma proteins more strongly and, probably, form
      the protein-lipid complexes. In the composition of phospholipids strongly bound
      with sarcolemma proteins a relative content of sphingomyelin increases and that
      of lysolecithin decreases.

PMID- 1209760
TI  - [Content of pentoses in erythrocytes of patients with Erb's myopathy].
AB  - It is established that in erythrocytes of patients with Erb's myopathy the total
      content of carbohydrates is considerably decreased and the content of pentoses is
      increased. After administration of ATP and cocarboxylase for 28-32 days in
      patients with inconsiderable atrophies the content of pentoses of the adenylic
      system increases and in the group with the developed atrophies the level of
      phosphorylated pentoses increases. The data obtained make it possible to consider
      metabolism of glucose in erythrocytes with Erb's myopathy transfers to the
      embryonic level.

PMID- 1209761
TI  - [Effect of ischemia on content of acid-soluble nucleotides in rat liver].
AB  - A drop in the acid-soluble nucleotide concentrations was studied in the rat liver
      following different periods of ishemia as well as the resynthesis of these
      compounds 2 and 24 h after re-establishment of blood circulation. After 5 min
      ishemia sharp drop was found in the amount of nucleoside triphosphates, UDP
      glucose and UDP-glucuronic acid. After 30 to 60 min ischemia the available
      quantities of acid-soluble nucleotides remained unchanged, then a tendency to a
      subsequent slight reduction in their amount was observed. All acid-soluble
      nucleotides the quantity of which dropped noticeably during ischemia were
      resynthesized to a great extent 2 hours after re-establishment of blood
      circulation in 30- and 60-min ischemic livers; the synthesizing ability of the
      120-min ischemic liver cells was considerably weaker than that of 30 and 60-min
      ischemic cells, particularly in the later periods after cessation of ischemia.

PMID- 1209762
TI  - [Study of peptide composition in serum albumin in patients with thyroid gland
      dysfunction].
AB  - Trypsin hydrolyzates of blood serum albumin of healthy people and patients with
      diffuse thyrotoxicosis and hypothyreosis were studied by the cellulose thin-layer
      electrochromatography. All the patients were found to have changes in the peptide
      composition of albumin trypsin hydrolyzate which resulted in disappearance of
      some peptides as well as in the appearance of new ones. Simultaneously conducted
      measurements of dispersion of optical rotation detected some changes in
      spectropolarimetric characteristics which provide the evidence for
      disperalization of its molecule. The found changes in albumin are determined by
      the disorder of normal protein biosynthesis and possible metabolic damage of
      protein.

PMID- 1209763
TI  - [Some peculiarities of skin metabolism with vitamin A deficit].
AB  - The paper deals with studying the effect of vitamin A deficit in the rat organism
      on the incorporation of the C14-labelled asparaginic acid serine-3-C14 and
      glycine-2-C14 into different fractions of skin proteins, with determining the
      content of glycine cycle components (glycine, glycolic acid and glycolic
      aldehyde), activity of phosphatases and succinate dehydrogenase in the skin as
      well as the quantity of mucopolysaccharides and seromucoids in the skin and blood
      serum. It is established that with vitamin A deficit the intensity of the
      incorporation of labelled asparaginic acid and serine into the skin total
      proteins decreases and the incorporation of glycine-2-C14 into the total proteins
      and the fraction of soluble non-collagen proteins of skin increases. The
      intensity of the incorporation of the labelled asparaginic acid into the skin
      soluble collagen falls by 40% but almost twice as high into the soluble non
      collagen proteins. A 47% decrease of glycine, 22% fall of glycolic acid and
      almost two-fold increase of glycolic aldehyde are observed in the skin of the
      animals with A-avitaminosis. Skin extracts manifest a higher activity of alkaline
      and acid phosphatases, but a lower activity of succinate dehydrogenase in
      comparison with control.

PMID- 1209764
TI  - [Methylation of rat liver tRNA under different experimental conditions].
AB  - The primary biochemical and conformational changes in tRNA of the albino rat
      liver were studied under conditions of X-ray irradiation and under the effect of
      prozerine and nicotinic acid. Under the effect of these factors the rate of the
      liver tRNA methylation increases by 45, 103 and 112%, respectively. The melting
      point of the tRNA control preparations is 61 degrees C, under the the effect of
      irradiation--57 degrees C, under the prozerine and nicotinic acid effect--52
      degrees C. Hyperchromia of the tRNA control and experimental preparations is
      equal to 28, 30 and 34%, respectively. No changes were found in sedimentation
      coefficient of the tRNA control and experimental preparations.

PMID- 1209765
TI  - [Content of total and esterified cholesterol in liver tissue and blood with
      chronic protein-choline deficiency].
AB  - Serum and liver total cholesterol and cholesterol esters were studied in rats of
      different stages of pathological process induced by a prolonged protein and
      choline deficiency. Depending upon the time of its application the protein
      choline deficiency produced in rats a moderate fatty infiltration, a developed
      lipohepatosis, fibrosis and nodular liver cirrhosis. Application of the diet
      resulted in an increase in total cholesterol starting from the first days of
      developing fatty degeneration of the liver. This increase in total liver
      cholesterol is at the expense of the increase in cholesterol esters, accumulation
      of which appeared to be maximum at the stage of the cirrhosis development. In
      choline-deficient rats the concentration of serum total cholesterol proves to be
      similar to that in control animal receiving the basic diet, and the content of
      serum cholesterol esters is considserably decreased. The addition of choline to
      the cirrhosis-producing diet prevented the development of fatty infiltration, but
      could not avert disorders in cholesterol metabolism which resulted in an increase
      in serum total cholesterol with the free cholesterol fraction and a decrease in
      the cholesterol esters fraction with some accumulation of cholesterol esters in
      rats liver.

PMID- 1209766
TI  - [Sterols of horse erythrocytes].
AB  - Sterols of the whole erythrocytes, hemoglobin, membranes and their protein
      fractions were studied. Erythrocytes and their components were established to
      contain, besides cholesterol, other substances of the sterol nature. Cholesterol,
      7-dehydrocholesterol and other substances of the cholesterol series are
      practically completely linked with the lipoproteid fractions of the erythrocyte
      membrane whereas all sterols found in the native erythrocytes in negligible
      amounts are bound with hemoglobin.

PMID- 1209767
TI  - [Content of free and bound phenols in hair follicles of sheep skin].
AB  - The content of phenols combined with sulphuric and glucoronic acids as well as
      the influence of vitamin A, sulphur and insulin hormone on the quantity of phenol
      were studied in the hair follicles of sheep skin. The presence of free and bound
      phenols in the hair follicles was established. An addition of vitamin A in a dose
      of 3500 i. u. per head a day to the ration of sheep causes an increase in the
      content of conjugated phenols, especially of phenolsulphates. A still more
      noticeable increase in the number of conjugated phenols may be observed under
      influence of vitamin A, insulin and sodium sulphate.

PMID- 1209768
TI  - [Method of electrophoretical isolation and thin-layer chromato-electrophoresis of
      proteins].

PMID- 1209770
TI  - [Effect on growing conditions on protein content and amino acid composition of
      acinetobacter calcoaticus].
AB  - The protein content and amino acid composition of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
      were studied as dependent on the stages of development and different hydrocarbon
      sources. The protein content was always the greatest at the logarithmic stage and
      decreased approaching the stationary stage. When cultivating on different
      hyrocarbon sources only an insignificant differedce in the content of protein was
      observed. A relative amino acid composition of Ac. calcoaceticus remained
      practically constant during the growth up to the stationary stage. When using
      different sources of hydrocarbon no changes were found in the relative
      composition of amino acids as well as in the total content of protein.

PMID- 1209769
TI  - [Antigenic composition of prealbumin fraction of bull brain water-soluble
      proteins].
AB  - The antigenic composition was studied in the fraction of prealbumins obtained by
      preparative electrophoresis in the agar hel of proteins salted out from the
      aqueous extract of bull cerebral hemispheres with amminiom sulphate within
      saturation limits of 60-100% (fraction 0.6-1). The chickens antisera immunized
      with the fraction of bull brain prealbumins were used in the experiment. One
      organospecific and species-nonspecific antigen called the antigen D is found by
      the method of immunoelectrophoresis in the components of the prealbumin fraction
      by means of the antisera obtained. This antigen is detected in water-soluble
      proteins of the bull great cerebral hemispheres and optic nerve. The antigen
      immunologically identical to that of the bull is contained in the aqueous extract
      of the rabbit and rat brain and is not found in the chicken brain.

PMID- 1209771
TI  - [The effect of surface-active drug on properties of trypsin monolayers].
AB  - When the monolayers of trypsin are compressed on the surface of the medicinal
      substances solution they remain mixed even when high pressure is applied. The
      experiments on reversibility also indicate that certain medicinal substances
      remain in the monolayers. An increase in the surface pressure causes partial
      (dimedrol, barbamyl) or complete (analgin, amidopyrin) displacement of medicinal
      substances out of the trypsin monolayer. This proves that there is no strong
      interaction between them. Unlike proteins, the monolayer of acetyl alcohol is
      less penetrable and indicates the absence of interaction with dimedrol where the
      mature of the monolayer is of great importance.

PMID- 1209772
TI  - [Transformation of glucose-1-phosphate by hemolysates of sheep erythrocytes].
AB  - Transformation of glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P) by hemolyzates of sheep
      erythrocytes was studied depending on its concentration, dilution of
      erythrocytes, manganese ions and time of incubation. MgC12 in a concentration of
      5-25 mM is shown to produce a two-fold intensification of G-1-P transformation
      and formation of fructose. A further increase in MgC12 concentration results in a
      gradual and at last, complete inhibition of the phosphoglucomutase reaction. A
      two-fold rise in the content of erythrocyte hemolyzate protein increases
      respectively the utilization of G-1-P. Transformation is 4 mM and time of
      incubation 60 min. The sum of sugars in the process of incubation does not change
      essentially, that evidences for inconsiderable transformation of G-1-P up to
      lactic acid. An increase in the pentoses content is observed with low
      concentrations of the substrate only.

PMID- 1209773
TI  - [Denaturation stabilization of alpha-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae].
AB  - Denaturation of alpha-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae was studied under the
      effect of heating urea and some other denaturating agents. Inhibition in the
      enzyme denaturation, deviation from the first order equation and, consequently,
      establishment of the false equilibrium in the system are shown. The values are
      calculated for the reaction rate constants of alpha-amylase denaturation under
      the effect to heat (40 degrees C) and urea. A method is developed for isolating
      native amylase stabilized by heating at 40 degrees C during the period of
      inactivation slowing down and preservation to the 50-70% activity in the system.
      It is shown that in the presence of calcium ions the stability of the isolated
      native enzyme is 13.0 +/- 2.5% hihger on the average to heating up to 40 degrees
      C, 28.4 %/- 7.2% higher - to the effect of 5.5 M urea and 18.4 +/- 3.6% higher -
      to 18% alcohol.

PMID- 1209775
TI  - [Changes in the functional state of rat liver and kidney mitochondria under the
      effect of electromagnetic fields].
AB  - Oxidative phosphorylation and optical density of the rat liver and kidney
      mitochondria were studied under the effect of UHF and SHF electromagnetic fields
      of different power and duration of the action. It is established that a single
      action of these fields induces changes in the functional state of the
      mitochondria. The action by the UHF and SHF fields of 30W for 10 min increases
      the activity of respiration and phosphorylation in the liver and kidney
      mitochondria. The actions of the SHF electric field of 50 and 50W and UHF fields
      of 80W induce the splitting of oxidation phosphoryation, in the mitochondria. In
      this case there arise a considerable swelling of the mitochondria, which is
      evidenced by a decrease in their optic density.

PMID- 1209774
TI  - [Enzymatic transformation of O-heptyl-O-orthonitrophenylmethylphosphonate--a
      cholinesterase--blocking agent in rat tissue homogenates].
AB  - The study of enzymic transformations of O-heptyl-O
      orthonitrophenylmethylphosphate in homogenates in the liver, kidney, brain and in
      blood serum of rats revealed the hydrolysis of aryl-phosphate bound only. Certain
      data are obtained illustrating identity of the enzyme under study to paraoxonase.
      The results of the experiments showed that IP-optical isomers of O-heptyl-O
      orthonitrophenylphosphonate are likely to exist, the hepatic and renal enzymes
      possessing the pronounced stereospecificity and destroying preferably the
      dextrorotatory isomer.

PMID- 1209776
TI  - [Content of glycoproteins in rat blood in experimental hypothyreosis].
AB  - The data are presented of parallel studies of the effect of different
      "thyreostatic" remedies as applied to concentration of certain glycoproteid
      components of blood in rats. Dynamics and correlation of disturbances were
      studied between the changes in the content of the glycidogram fractions and blood
      carbohydrate-containing glycoproteids. An essential change in glycoproteid blood
      metablolism is established. It is characterized by a significant decrease in the
      concentration of albumin alpha2- and gamma-globulin factors of the glycidogram
      and creuloplasmin as well as by a simultaneous rise in the level of alpha1- and
      beta-globulin fractions, hexosamine, haptoglobin, transferrine and L-fucose in
      the animals under experiment. The value of changes in the blood serum
      glycoproteid tests under study is determined as dependent on the type of the
      "thyreostatic" remedy, dose and duration time of the thyreostatic preparation
      administration. The maximal tine was established for an increase in the content
      of certain glycoproteids during the experiment and in different periods after it.
      An attempt is also made to explain the reasons affecting the disturbances of
      glycoproteid metabolism in blood with hypothyreosis in rats.

PMID- 1209777
TI  - [Ontogenic properties of ketone body metabolism in pig tissues].
AB  - When incubating the liver slices of pig fetuses in the Krebs-Ringer phosphate
      buffer without substrates and with addition of butyrate and acetate a
      considerably lesser amount of ketone bodies is formed than with incubation of the
      liver slices of adult pigs. Therefore, a higher level of the ketone bodies in
      blood and tissues of the fetuses as compared to adult pigs is not due to
      ketogenesis in their liver, but is a result of their entering from the mother or
      formation in the placenta. When incubated in the above-mentioned medium the fetus
      skeletal muscle slices utilize exogenous acetoacetate in a significantly more
      quantity than the muscle slices of the adult animals. The liver and skeletal
      muscle slices of the fetuses reduce endogenous and exogenous acetoacetate into
      beta-hydroxybutyrate more intensively as compared to slices of the same tissues
      of the adult animals.

PMID- 1209778
TI  - [Biochemiluminescence of tissue lipids under hormonal cancerogenesis].
AB  - The chemiluminescence of ovarian tumours tissue lipids was studied at various
      stages of hormonal cancerogenesis. With the growth of the ovarian tumour the
      biochimiluminescence intensity decreases and becomes minimal in the period of
      granulous cell formations. The inverse relationship is observed when studying
      biochimiluminescence of common liver lipids in tumour-bearing animals, which is
      explained by migration of bioantioxidants from the liver to the tumour. The
      changes in the biochimiluminescence intensity at various stages of hormonal
      cancerogenesis is connected with the processes of tumour cells proliferation.

PMID- 1209779
TI  - [Galascorbine structure, studied by nuclear magnetic resonance].
AB  - The chemical structure of a galascorbine molecule was studied by the nuclear
      magnetic resonance NMR technique. On the basis of the obtained NMR spectra a
      conclusion was drawn than galascorbine is ester ascorbic acid and tannin
      hydroxycarbon acids. This finding was confirmed by the results of independent
      studies in the products of interaction between ascorbic and gallic acids.

PMID- 1209780
TI  - [Content of ubiquinone and ubichromenol in rat liver at various levels of vitamin
      E saturation of the body].
AB  - Ubiquinone and ubichromenol content was studied at different levels of organism
      supply with vitamin E. The content of these substances in the albino rat liver
      with vitamin E-deficiency is shown to decrease by 16 and 23%, respectively. The
      intravenous administration of alpha-tocopherol to the vitamin E-deficiency rats
      causes a gradual 45% increase in the ubiquinone content 4h after which remains at
      the same level for 8 h; the ubichromenol content 2 h latter is 1.7 times as high
      and then it lowers gradually up to the level in the avitaminous animals.

PMID- 1209781
TI  - [Generation and transport systems of restored equivalents in rabbit brain tissue
      under experimental atherosclerosis].
AB  - Distrubances are found in the shuttle transport systems of extramitochonidral
      hydrogen in the brain of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis, the
      catalytical function of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrohenase being preserved. A
      decrease in the activity of cytoplasmatic glycerophosphate dehydrogenase was
      observed parallel with an increase in the content of glycerophosphate. Deviations
      from the norm in the malate-aspartate shunt are pronounced in a considerable
      activation of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, inhibition of aspartate amino
      transpherase, accumulation of oxaloacetate and exhaustion of the malate stock.
      Beta-Oxybutyrate dehydrogenase activates sharply, the content of acetoacetate
      increases. The total activity of hexoxokinase in cytoplasm and mitochondria
      remains practically unchanged.

PMID- 1209782
TI  - [Effect of ATP and glutaminic acid on carbohydrate-energy and nitrogen metabolism
      in the rat brain and liver under the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field].
AB  - Oxidative phosphorylation, content of lactate, creatine phosphate, ammonia and
      glutamine were studied as affected by ATP and glutaminic acid in the brain and
      liver of rat subjected to the action of the pulsed electromagnetic field of 7 kHz
      frequency (72 kA/m, 15 seances). ATP (1 mg per 100 g of weight) was found to have
      a normalizing effect on the processes of nitrogen metabolism in the rat brain,
      ATP increasing the intenstiy of the oxidative phosphorylation in the tissues of
      intact rats, has no analogous influence on the irradiated animals. With
      administration of glutaminic acid (5 mg per 100 g of weight) the processes of
      oxidative phosphorylation and nitrogen metabolism, disturbed under the effect of
      the pulsed electromagnetic field are normalized.

PMID- 1209783
TI  - [Immobilization of trypsin on polyurethane matrix].
AB  - A method is developed to bind trypsin with the polyurethane matrix. At the first
      stage the reaction between trypsin and toluylendiisocyanate (TD1) was performed.
      At the second stage polyisocyanate obtained on the base of TDI-trypsin was sewn
      with polyoxypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 1500. 2,4,6
      Tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol served as an accelerator of the reaction. The
      polymer obtained is fine-porous and high-elastic. The chemical interaction of
      trypsin with the polymer is confirmed by the method of IR-spectroscopy and a
      decrease in the amount of free isocyanate groups. It is shown that the enzymic
      activity of trypsin chemically bound with the polymer is preserved at a room
      temperature for several months. When the polymeric net is formed from
      macrodiisocyanate in the presence of trypsin under conditions when the chemical
      interaction between the polymer and enzyme activity is also preserved, its value
      in this case being dependent on the relative content of the enzyme in the polymer
      -- it is higher in the case when the relative content of the enzyme is less, that
      may indicate the role of the polymer as a heterogenic cocatalyst or activator.
      The value of the proteolytic activity of the polymer with the chemically added
      trypsin is practically constant with its washing off in the column for 24h with
      0,05 M veronal buffer whereas under these conditions the polymer with "free"
      trypsin loses completely the enzymic activity.

PMID- 1209784
TI  - Electrocardiographic changes during the first few seconds after cardioversion of
      atrial fibrillation and flutter.
AB  - Electrocardiograms were registered with a special technique during attempts at
      cardioversion in 22 patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter. The
      registrations permitted analysis of the electrocardiogram 0.1-0.5 s after the
      electrical discharge. Mean values indicate that there is no compensatory pause
      after the d.c. shock. After 29 of the 42 synchronized d.c. shocks the first QRS
      complex was aberrant.

PMID- 1209785
TI  - Effects and interactions of oxygen and prostaglandins on the tone of the isolated
      human umbilical artery.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) were found to be
      equipotent contractors of the isolated human umbilical artery (HUA) in the
      concentration range 0.2-40 mug/ml. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) relaxed HUA at 0.1-3.0
      mug/ml, whereas at 10-50 mug/ml contraction occurred. PGE2 was significantly more
      potent at a PO2 of 102 mmHg than at 27, 48 and above 400 mmHg. An increase in PO2
      per se (27- greater than 400 mmHg) resulted occasionally in minor increases in
      the tone of the HUA. Such effects of oxygen had a lag period of 10-15 min. It is
      suggested that an increased formation of prostaglandins in the umbilical artery
      at birth is a more likely cause of the closure of the vessel than an increase in
      PO2.

PMID- 1209786
TI  - Prediction of birth weight. Results of a multiple regression analysis.

PMID- 1209787
TI  - Studies on cerebrovascular stroke. I. Epidemiology of first-time strokes in
      persons under 70 years of age.
AB  - The present investigation was carried out to study the incidence of new
      cerebrovascular strokes (cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction and cerebral
      embolism) in people under the age of 70. SUCH INFORMATION HAS HITHERTO BEEN
      LACKING. The material comprises all cases from Uppsala county occurring between
      1967 and 1971. The incidence was found to be 36/100,000 inhabitants. Of the total
      number of strokes, 25% were recurrences. During the period of study the incidence
      showed a moderate but significant decrease. It is assumed that this decrease is
      due to an extended and improved treatment of hypertension. It was observed that
      there were 6 females below 40 years of age. All had been on oral contraceptives
      at the time of the stroke. There was a high incidence of diabetes and symptoms of
      cardiovascular impairment (hypertension, transient ischaemic attack (TIA),
      cardiosclerotic disease) in the series. A high incidence of myocardial infarction
      was found among the parents of the cases of cerebral haemorrhage. A high
      incidence of strokes was found among the parents of those having cerebral
      infarctions.

PMID- 1209788
TI  - Stroke before fifty. Experiences from a five-year study.
AB  - Thirty-seven patients below the age of 50, with an acute first-time
      cerebrovascular lesion have been studied. Some form of predisposing factor was
      present in nearly all cases. There was a remarkably high incidence of
      cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease among the parents of the stroke
      victims. Only 50% of the patients with hypertension known prior to the stroke had
      received adequate treatment. There were six females on oral contraceptives. The
      immediate mortality, i.e. within one month, was 35% essentially caused by a very
      high initial mortality among patients with cerebral haemorrhage. The patients
      were checked after 30 months. At this time, 16 patients were still alive and 11
      able to perform some sort of work. Among the survivors there was a high incidence
      of diabetes and impaired glucose metabolism, to judge from intravenous glucose
      tolerance tests. The chances of survival and vocational rehabilitation seem to be
      fairly good, compared with higher age groups, thus urgently calling upon the
      resources of the community for active therapeutic measures and training.
      Individuals with hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance, with heredity for
      vascular disease and diabetes seem to be especially at risk for early stroke.
      Health surveys should be directed to tracing these subjects early.

PMID- 1209789
TI  - The influence of calcium on the electrical and mechanical activity of the guinea
      pig ureter.
AB  - Low calcium concentration in the external medium depolarises the membrane of
      smooth muscle cells of the ureter and their excitability diminishes. The Ca++
      dependent oscillations of the action potential disappears, while the plateau
      component is more resistent. Analogous reactions are observed by the addition of
      Ca++ antagonists such as Lantanum or Verapramil. A high Calcium concentration
      produces a slight hyperpolarisation, which stabilises the membrane and enhances
      the spike component while decreasing the plateau component of the action
      potential. It is possible that several drugs act indirectly on the ureter by
      changing the relationship between the calcium concentration of the external
      versus the internal medium.

PMID- 1209790
TI  - The influence of potassium on the electrical and mechanical activity of the
      guinea pig ureter.
AB  - Increase of the external K+ concentration depolarises the ureteral muscle
      membrane and induces, after a transient period of increased spontaneous activity,
      a tonic contraction. Tetraethylammonium, in concentrations normally required for
      ganglion blocking activity, does not influence the ureteral activity, but in
      higher doses it prolonges the duration of the action potential several times and
      increases the intraluminal pressure. Ouabain has only an inhibitory effect on the
      guinea pig ureter.

PMID- 1209791
TI  - The influence of sodium on the electrical and mechanical activity of the ureter.
AB  - In Sodium-deficient solutions both the electrical and mechanical activity of the
      ureter are reduced. The plateau component of the action potential in the smooth
      muscle cell of the guinea pig ureter is more affected than the oscillations.
      Tetrodotoxin, which blocks the action potential in nerves, does not influence
      activity or conduction in the ureter. This is an important argument for the
      myogenic conduction of activity in this tissue.

PMID- 1209793
TI  - Compensatory renal hypertrophy. I. Following unilateral nephrectomy. An
      experimental study in dogs.
AB  - The compensatory renal hypertrophy and hyperfunction following unilateral
      nephrectomy have been studied in dogs over a two-year period. It was found that a
      sharp increase in function and volume of kidney tissue takes place during the
      first two weeks. CCr and volume of kidney tissue continue to increase reaching
      average values after two years of 88% and 92% respectively of those for two
      kidneys. CPAH and TmPAH remain almost stable at 65% and 57% respectively after an
      initial increase during the first two weeks. All values are expressed in percent
      of the function of two normal kidneys before unilateral nephrectomy. The
      filtration seems to be increasingly efficient and the functional integrity of the
      nephrons is preserved, although a glomerular predominance is encountered two
      years following unilateral nephrectomy.

PMID- 1209792
TI  - Concentration of antibiotics in renal interstitial fluid: an experimental model.
AB  - In a new canine experimental model the time concentration relationship of
      cephalothin in serum, urine, soft tissue interstitial fluid (STIF) and renal
      interstitial fluid (RIF) were compared simultaneously. Antibiotic concentration
      in RIF was less than urinary levels but exceeded the serum concentration. Urinary
      antibiotic concentration does not necessarily reflect concentration in the renal
      interstitium. This model helps to understand the basic pharmacokinetics of
      antibiotics in the renal interstitium where pyelonephritis occurs.

PMID- 1209794
TI  - Compensatory renal hypertrophy. II. During contralateral hydronephrosis. An
      experimental study in dogs.
AB  - Compensatory renal hypertrophy and hyperfunction during contralateral chronic
      hydronephrosis was investigated. It was found that graded impairment of the
      function in hydronephrotic kidneys causes proportional compensatory hypertrophy
      and hyperfunction in the contralateral normal kidney. The functional pattern both
      "per kidney" and "per nephron" was the same in the kidneys investigated here and
      in kidneys where contralateral nephrectomy had been performed, but whereas a
      decreased ability to concentrate the urine maximally and to reabsorb sodium was
      encountered in the latter, this could not be detected in this study. On the other
      hand, a decreased COSM in the diseased kidney did not stimulate a corresponding
      increase in the contralateral kidney as did unilateral nephrectomy. Adaptive and
      growth dependent changes in compensatory renal hypertrophy are discussed.

PMID- 1209795
TI  - The reabsorption of creatinine from the rabbit bladder.
AB  - Using a radioisotope technique the reabsorption of creatinine from normal,
      inflamed and chronically obstructed bladders of rabbits was investigated. The
      reabsorption of creatinine from normal bladders was minimal. Chronic obstruction
      lead to a rise of the reabsorption rate. The most marked reabsorption however was
      found with the inflamed bladders. This difference of creatinine reabsorption is
      statistically significant and it was detectable in the 14C-creatinine content of
      the blood, 14C-creatinine content of the renal pelvis urine and in the activity
      loss in the bladder urine. The vesical reabsorption of creatinine corresponds in
      principle with the urea reabsorption which was investigated earlier by the same
      method. The extent of reabsorption is however different and urea is reabsorbed to
      a substantially greater extent.

PMID- 1209796
TI  - [Indications for cutaneous ureterostomy. Experience with 117 cases (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 74 cases of cutaneous ureterostomy and 22 cases of in situ fistula of the ureter
      are reviewed. Cutaneous ureterostomy was mostly carried out as a palliative
      procedure in cases of far advanced bladder or gynecological cancers. 13 patients
      had complications that required surgical intervention (7 ureteral stricture, 6
      cases of pyonephroses caused by stone formation). The in situ fistula mostly
      served as temporary urinary diversion before definitive reconstructive surgery of
      the urinary tract was feasible. All patients had chronic urinary tract infection.
      We consider ureterostomy in situ and cutaneous ureterostomy as safe, rewarding
      procedures for this type of patients.

PMID- 1209797
TI  - [Comments on problems of uretero-ileo-cystoplasty (author's transl)].
AB  - Referring to six cases of our own we comment on indication and operative
      procedures with uretero-ileo-cystoplasty. Postoperative complications as stone
      formation, urinary infection, stenosis of anastomosis etc. are discussed. In
      spite of vesico-renal reflux with every case longterm-results seem rather
      sufficient in four of our cases.

PMID- 1209798
TI  - [Antireflux procedures in advanced pyelonephritic kidneys. A modification of the
      gregoir-operation (author's transl)].
AB  - Kidneys in which pyelonephritic scars can already be observed radiologically are
      very sensitive to the dilatation, almost regularly following antireflux
      procedures: deterioration of renal function and progressing scarring may follow. 
      For these difficult cases a modification of the Gregoir Operation is proposed: 1
      or 2 cm above the entrance of the ureter into the bladder wall the ureter is
      incised and a splint of small size introduced up to the renal pelvis. This splint
      is meant to remain as long as an uninhibited flow of urine through the operation
      site (the submucosal channel) can be consistently registered by image amplifier. 
      The described procedure has been executed in 12 cases without serious
      complications. In no case a postoperative dilatation of the upper urinary tract
      had to be registered. Further and longtime results will be reported.

PMID- 1209800
TI  - [The new iglesias resectoscope (author's transl)].
AB  - The new Iglesias resectoscope with continuous irrigation has been described.
      Advantages of this instrument include: no interruption of the TUR, better
      endoscopic vision, decreased and equally strong intravesical pressure, shorter
      operating time, less bleeding, easier teaching and performing of transurethral
      resections.

PMID- 1209799
TI  - [The position of the renal pelvic axis in the infant (author's transl)].
AB  - The position of the longitudinal axis of the renal pelvic system is of special
      significance in the diagnosis of renal pelvic reduplications, horseshoe kidneys
      and space occupying processes of the kidney. The present study of 143 normal
      infant urograms shows that the angle between the axis of the renal pelvis and the
      axis of the vertebra is dependent on age. While in the newborn a negative angle
      is a common finding, during adolescence the axis approaches the position we
      usually find in the adult.

PMID- 1209801
TI  - [The transurethral electroresection with continuous waterflow through a new
      resectoscope (author's transl)].
AB  - We report on the experiences of more than 100 resections of the adenoma of the
      prostata gland with a new resectoscope is made known. This offers the advantages
      of the continuous waterflow by maintaining physiological bladder pressure. The
      possibility of permanent resection leads to 1. a considerably shortened operation
      time and 2. abolition of the TUR syndrom 3. The requirement of electroresection
      is facilitated.

PMID- 1209802
TI  - [The retropenitoneal fibrosis (septennial observation of a female patient)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - It is reported on a septennial observation of a 43 year old woman, who was
      admitted to the hospital in 1968 with at first unclear symptoms and who developed
      an azotemia within a few days. The infusion pyelogram showed a hydronephrosis
      with enlargement of the upper part of the ureter; the lower part of the ureter
      was normal. After displacement of the ureters out of the fibrotic clasping into a
      duplicate of the peritoneum, the urine flow has normalized. After 7 years the
      patient is now healthy and able to work. The cause of the urinary stasis was
      histologically cleared as retroperitoneal fibrosis.

PMID- 1209804
TI  - [Presentation of the distal border-line in TUR resection of the prostate
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A method is described by which TUR of the prostate safely can be performed
      without endangering the external sphincter. A fold proximal to the external
      sphincter can be induced by digital pressure in the rectum determinating the
      distal borderline of the resection.

PMID- 1209803
TI  - [Mucouria in urachal adenoma (author's transl)].
AB  - Recurrent macrohematuria and massive mucous flow from the urethra have been
      observed in a 81-year-old woman. Cystoscopy reveals a tumor of about pea-size in
      the apex of the bladder, which is histologically classified as an urachal
      adenoma. Clinical aspects and pathogenesis are discussed.

PMID- 1209805
TI  - [Immune histological representation of uromucoid in the kidney of man and rat
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Uromucoid of the rat shows cross reactions with antihumanuromucoid serum.
      Localisation of this protein in the kidney of rat in comparison to the kidney of
      man was carried through by immune histological technique with a fluorescein
      isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated antihumanuromucoid globuline. Results show that
      in rat and man synthesis site of Uromucoid are the distale tubules.

PMID- 1209806
TI  - [Permanent stop of renal circulation by embolisation with microspheres.
      Preliminary report (author's transl)].
AB  - The risk of tumor cell dislodgement during operative removal of carcinoma of the
      kidney is reduced by preoperative occlusion of the renal arteries. After the
      intraarterial injection of 250 mu microspheres a complete blockage of the
      intrarenal circulation was found in all three experimental animals for at least 2
      hrs. In the other two dogs the blockage remained unchanged over 24 hrs.
      Subsequent experiments shall demonstrate that the simple embolisation technique
      using microspheres is more stable than other methods.

PMID- 1209807
TI  - [The bladder neck stenosis following prostatectomy. The various types and their
      treatment].
AB  - Twenty patients with contracture of the vesical neck following prostatectomy and
      with Marion's disease were successfully treated with Y-V plastic operation and
      posterior wedge excision. One patient had to remain in cystotomy catheterization
      because it was not possible at operation to detach the wall of the bladder from
      the os pubis. Five of eight patients were treated successfully by transurethral
      resection. The remaining three patients developed a recurrent contracture and
      underwent Y-V plastic operation. A stenosis at the site of anastomosis following
      radical retropubic prostatectomy may sometimes be managed by a Y-V operation
      using a simple retropubic approach. This was the procedure in one case. However,
      when the stenosis lies too deep in relation to the os pubis, one can always gain
      access via a pubectomy. Chiefly, contracture of the vesical cervix
      postprostatectomy is discussed, as well as the degree of obstruction, the
      characteristic symptoms, and the risks associated with wrong diagnosis. A new
      theory on the etiology is briefly described.

PMID- 1209808
TI  - [Urinary tract manifestations of ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 18 patients were admitted from 1969 to 1973 to the Surgical and Urological
      University Clinic in Mainz with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms. Three
      patients died immediately following the operation and three during surgery from
      internal hemorrhage. Eight patients died later following prolonged shock. Four
      patients survived surgery. The classical symptoms of shock, abdominal pain and
      pulsating tumor was only present in three patients. The diagnosis was only made
      in seven patients at admission, from the clinical findings. Urological symptoms
      were also prominent such as unilateral flank pain, colic, dysuria, anuria and
      tenderness over the kidney. There is no typical clinical picture of ruptured
      aortic aneurysm. Acute urological symptomatology in cases of acute abdomen with
      unclear etiology and in connection with shock could indicate a ruptured aortic
      aneurysm. There is absolute indication for immediate operative intervention. The
      aneurysm is removed and replaced by a vascular prosthesis. Early diagnosis is
      important since prolonged shock and anuria will result in a poor postoperative
      prognosis. Abdominal exploration is therefore also indicated when a ruptured
      aortic aneurysm is only suspected.

PMID- 1209809
TI  - [Spermatological and histological findings in patients with varicocele (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 31 patients with unilateral idiopathic varicocele it was sought to correlate
      spermiogram and morphology of testis, particularly germinative epithelium,
      interstitial connective tissue and blood vessels. In both testes of all of 12
      patients with pathological sperm striking morphological changes were found, from
      depletion of germinative cells to Sertoli-cell-only syndrome and including
      fibrosis of the interstitial tissue, reduction and occasionally diffuse or
      nodular hyperplasia of the Leydig cells as well as typical vascular changes. Due
      to alterations to the vascular walls the germinative epithelium had degenerated,
      this accounting for sub- and infertility, In the prophylaxis of fertility
      disturbances, the findings indicate that the same aspects apply to both
      varicocele and undecended testis.

PMID- 1209810
TI  - [Hemolysis in not the cause of the TUR-syndrome. The use of non-hemolytic
      solutions does not prevent its occurrence (author's transl)].
AB  - The TUR-syndrome has an acute and a delayed toxic modality. It occurs during the
      resection of large prostatic glands with long operative times and by perforation
      of the prostatic capsule. The TUR-syndrome is not caused by hemolysis by but
      disturbances of the serum electrolytes.

PMID- 1209811
TI  - [Pararenal pseudocyst. A rare sequela following blunt abdominal trauma (author's
      transl)].
AB  - On the basis of an organ preserving operative case, the patho-physiological
      postulation of the origin and the diagnostic difficulty of this rare clinical
      picture are discussed. Out of the only 30 cases known in the world literature, 26
      nephrectomies had to be made. Decisive for the formation are the grave
      concomitant injuries which mask the local symptomatology of the ureter tear. The
      duration of the interval trauma - therapy influences decisively the chances of
      organ preservation (from many weeks to 37 years is unknown).

PMID- 1209813
TI  - Dynamic visual field testing using the Amsler grid patterns.
AB  - An economical and time-sparing technique of dynamic visual field testing
      employing the Amsler grid patterns and the Berens test targets has been
      developed. This method accurately detected field loss in all 38 patients and all
      63 eyes with neurologic defects tested. In a group of 212 glaucomatous eyes,
      field defects were determined with 97% specificity.

PMID- 1209812
TI  - [Macrohematuria as initial symptom in two cases of renal hamartoma. Case report
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Two patients with bleeding renal hamartoma are presented. The diagnosis of
      angiolipoleiomyoma and hemangioma was made by angiography. The literature is
      reviewed and the differential diagnoses are discussed. The difficulties
      concerning differential diagnoses from neoplastic disease is emphasized.

PMID- 1209814
TI  - Thickened corneal nerves as a manifestation of multiple endocrine neoplasia.

PMID- 1209815
TI  - The human fovea after sungazing.
AB  - Three patients who had malignant melanomas of the uvea and normal foveas agreed
      to look at the sun for one hour before enucleation of the eyes. Two of the
      patients sungazed with an undilated pupil, and 24 hours later, recovered their
      preexposure visual acuity with no detectable scotoma. One of the patients looked
      at the sun with a partially dilated pupil, and 24 hours later her visual acuity
      dropped from 20/20 to 20/25. After sungazing, all three eyes exhibited a
      prolonged recovery time from the photostress test. Fluorescein angiography in two
      patients showed that there was leakage of dye in the fovea. Fluorescein
      angiography done two days earlier had revealed no abnormalities. The foveas of
      all patients were studied by light and electron microscopy. Two patients showed
      sloughing of necrotic RPE into the subretinal space at the fovea. Degenerative
      changes and loss of melanin granules were obsered in the RPE in the fovea of the
      third patient. This study shows that in spite of the minimal subjective visual
      impairment, leakage of fluorescein from the choroidal vasculature and histologic
      changes in the fovea could be demonstrated after exposure to the sunlight.

PMID- 1209816
TI  - Choroidal abiotrophies.

PMID- 1209818
TI  - Treatment of retinal detachment without inducing chorioretinal lesions.

PMID- 1209817
TI  - Flecked retina secondary to oxalate crystals from methoxyflurane anesthesia:
      clinical and experimental studies.

PMID- 1209819
TI  - Scleral dehiscences, anterior staphyloma, and retinal detachment - Part 1:
      Incidence and pathogenesis.

PMID- 1209820
TI  - Scleral dehiscences, anterior staphyloma, and retinal detachment - Part 2:
      Surgical management.

PMID- 1209821
TI  - The conservative management of vitreous hemorrhage.

PMID- 1209822
TI  - Genetic counseling of families with Best macular dystrophy.
AB  - We have examined 233 members of eight families with BMD. Of these, 169 were also
      examined with EOG. Sibships wherer greater than or equal to 80% of members were
      examined clinically and with EOG totaled 39. The results established both the
      validity and reliability of EOG testing in detecting people genetically affected
      with BMD. Hyperopia is established as an important manifestation of the disease.
      The visual prognosis of BMD is described.

PMID- 1209823
TI  - The punctum plug: evaluation of a new treatment for the dry eye.
AB  - The problem of a chronic dry eye was approached with the idea of conserving the
      basal state of tears by inserting a plug to block the lacrimal outflow. The
      involved anatomy, punctum plug design, method of insertion, and postinsertion
      instructions were discussed. The results of three patient groups were given and
      failures discussed. Success in the test group fell between 50% to 75%. Successful
      insertion and acceptance of the punctum plug should probably exceed 75% in
      clinical practice.

PMID- 1209824
TI  - Ophthalmic injuries: handbook of initial evaluation and management.
AB  - Initial management of ophthalmic injury in the combat zone of guerrilla warfare
      has been discussed primarily from the vantage points of paramedical personnel and
      the physician nonophthalmologist. Details of surgical management have been
      greatly abbreviated and many areas not discussed at all, since they lie beyond
      the scope of this report. Continuing improvement and innovations in this report.
      Continuing improvement and innovations in this sphere require constant
      familiarity with current ophthalamic literature. Most, if not all, of the methods
      of examination and treatment described in this paper are as applicable to
      civilian trauma as to wartime injuries. The improved salvage rate of traumatized
      eyes and the conspicuous absence of sympathetic ophthalmia among US battle
      casualties since World War II are encouraging. If similar methods are used to
      evaluate, treat, and evacuate civilians inflicted with traumatic eye disease, the
      results should be similar.

PMID- 1209825
TI  - Champagne cork injury to the eye.

PMID- 1209826
TI  - Traumatic "pseudoprolapse" of orbital tissues into the maxillary antrum: a
      diagnostic pitfall.
AB  - Orbital trauma may result in what we term "pseudoprolapse" of orbital tissues: a
      subperiosteal, submucosal, or intramucosal hemorrhage which creates a balloon
      like elevation of periosteum or maxillary sinus mucosa or both associated with a
      nondisplaced fracture or in some cases no fracture of the orbital floor. This
      occasionally causes an erroneous radiographic diagnosis indicating a blowout
      fracture with prolapse of orbital tissues, resulting in unnecessary surgery.

PMID- 1209827
TI  - The dry eye, its diagnosis and pathogenesis (a film).

PMID- 1209828
TI  - Treatment of comminuted fractures of the anterior sinus wall.
AB  - A method of treatment of comminuted fractures of the anterior sinus wall is
      described utilizing a Foley catheter to splint the fragments and drain the sinus.

PMID- 1209830
TI  - Chemexfoliation as an adjunct to facial rejuvenation.
AB  - Rhytidectomy and chemexfoliation are complementary procedures. The combination of
      rhytidectomy and chemexfoliation as a one-stage procedure is advocated for the
      rejuvenation of the aging face. The advantages of the combined technique are
      stressed. Recognition of the facial T-zone for application of a stronger solution
      and occlusive mask is noted. Careful selection of patients and technical details
      of the procedure are outlined.

PMID- 1209829
TI  - A modified pharyngeal flap operation.
AB  - A modification of the standard, superiorly based, pharyngeal flap operation is
      presented. The results of this procedure are given for 27 patients and they
      appear to be superior to those reported by the author for the standard operation.

PMID- 1209831
TI  - Undermining and redraping in rhinoplasty.

PMID- 1209832
TI  - The two-stage concept of rhytidectomy.
AB  - Over a two-year period, 258 rhytidectomy procedures were performed. Fifty-six
      patients (21.7%) required a secondary procedure. A thorough survey of these
      patients is in progress and will be reported at a later date. An early analysis
      shows that the secondary office surgery is neither time-consuming, difficult, nor
      disabling. It appears to be a relatively simple, painless, and effective method
      to minimize three causes of patient dissatisfaction with face-lifting surgery.

PMID- 1209833
TI  - Formaldehyde-formed autogenous fascia graft tympanoplasty.
AB  - The formaldehyde-formed autogenous fascia graft represents another step toward
      more reliable functional restoration of the diseased tympanic membrane. It
      combines the advantages of the availability and high nonperforation rate of
      autogenous fascia with the more normal anatomic restoration experienced with
      homograft tympanic membrane grafts. Its primary indication is in total membrane
      perforations with intact malleus although the concept can be employed in
      conjunction with various types of ossicular reconstruction.

PMID- 1209834
TI  - Reconstruction of the middle ear and the posterior osseous wall of the auditory
      canal with homograft (reconstruction of old radical cavities).

PMID- 1209835
TI  - Congenital aural atresia: an analysis of 311 cases.

PMID- 1209837
TI  - [Rhinogenic multiple abscesses of the lungs].

PMID- 1209836
TI  - Surgical correction of saddle nose deformity.
AB  - Persons with saddle nose deformity can benefit from any of various surgical
      procedures for correction of the defect, and from various materials -- organic or
      inorganic -- used for filler material. Usually, other nasal defects co-exist and
      must be corrected at the time of surgery performed for the main deformity.
      Techniques and guidelines for surgical treatment have been presented. The use of
      polyamide mesh as filler material in 70 patients has given outstanding good
      results, which are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1209838
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngologic care in the Tunisian Republic].

PMID- 1209839
TI  - [Observation of anatomical and functional changes in the organ of hearing in
      marble disease].

PMID- 1209840
TI  - [Case of scleroma in a 5-year-old girl].

PMID- 1209841
TI  - [Observation of an anomaly of the styliform process].

PMID- 1209842
TI  - [Distribution of some semisynthetic penicillins in the organism in patients with
      angina].

PMID- 1209843
TI  - [Chondroma of the larynx].

PMID- 1209844
TI  - [Prolonged presence of foreign bodies in the larynx of children].

PMID- 1209845
TI  - [Neurilemmoma of the larynx].

PMID- 1209846
TI  - [Circinate herpes of the ear (herpes zoster oticus)].

PMID- 1209847
TI  - [Study of the enzymatic system of proteolysis in the saliva of patients with
      chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 1209848
TI  - [Mechanism of the production of interferon in the lymphoid formations of the
      throat].

PMID- 1209849
TI  - [Evaluation of the state of the coagulation properties of the blood in patients
      with subcompensatory chronic tonsillitis according to graphic coagulography
      data].

PMID- 1209850
TI  - [Rate of elimination from the paratonsillar tissue of substances administered by
      means of jet injection in experiments].

PMID- 1209851
TI  - [Cryotherapy in chronic rhinitis and its influence on the state of the microflora
      of the nasal cavity].

PMID- 1209852
TI  - [Experience of the preventive medical examinations of patients with chronic
      suppurative otitis media, its organization and effectiveness].

PMID- 1209853
TI  - [Ability to determine the source of sound in the vertical plane by patients with
      otosclerosis].

PMID- 1209854
TI  - [Biological activity of grafts used in tympanoplasty and the optimal conditions
      for their survival].

PMID- 1209855
TI  - [Dynamics of ultrastructural changes of the receptor cells and the stria
      vascularis of the cochlea under conditions of chronic streptomycin poisoning].

PMID- 1209856
TI  - [Functional state of the adrenal cortex in patients with Meniere's disease].

PMID- 1209858
TI  - [Anatomical data on the endonasal opening of the cells of the ethmoidal
      labyrinth].

PMID- 1209857
TI  - [Basal and kinetic components of the tonus of the vessels of the mucous membrane
      of the nose in acute and chronic rhinitis].

PMID- 1209859
TI  - [Change in the mucous membrane of the accessory sinuses of the nose in some
      nonsuppurative neurological complications of paranasal sinusitis].

PMID- 1209860
TI  - [Some peculiarities of the surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in the
      aged].

PMID- 1209861
TI  - [Epidemiology of malignant tumors of the upper respiratory tract in the Irkutsk
      region].

PMID- 1209862
TI  - [Function of the thrombocytes and recurrent nasal hemorrhage of unclear genesis].

PMID- 1209863
TI  - [Fluorescence rhinocytoscopy as an index of the functional state of the mucous
      membrane of the nose in children].

PMID- 1209864
TI  - [Contrast tantalum laryngography].

PMID- 1209866
TI  - [Effect of vagotomy with conservative stomach resection on the level of blood
      gastrin].
AB  - The concentration of gastrin in blood prior to and after vagotomy, associated
      with economic gastric resection, was determined radioimmunologically in patients
      with duodenal ulcerous disease. In patients with ulcerous disease of the duodenum
      insulin hypoglycemia resulted in an increased gastrin concentration in blood.
      Vagotomy associated with economic gastric resection has led to disappearance of
      this effect and to a decrease in the gastrin concentration in blood. There was
      stated the role of extragastric sources in the production of gastrin and the
      inhibitory effect of the vagus on the release of gastrin from these sources.
      Following vagotomy, associated with economic gastric resection, only gastrin
      produced by extragastric sources is circulating in blood. Vagotomy with economic
      gastric resection affecting both phases of gastric secretion is a high effective
      and pathogenetically grounded method of therapy for ulcerous disease of the
      duodenum.

PMID- 1209865
TI  - [Clinico-morphological grouping of benign tumors, cysts, hyperplastic and
      dystrophic tumor-like diseases of the larynx].

PMID- 1209867
TI  - [Homoplasty of the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii].
AB  - The authors have used homotendons preserved by freezing for replacement of
      tendinous defects of various localization and of a considerable extent. The
      results of repair by means of homoplasty of inveterate tendon injuries of the
      humeral long bicipital head are reported. The technic of surgical therapy is
      described. The elaborated method was employed in 18 patients. The study of late
      results from 6 months to 2 years has evidenced that these were good in two thirds
      of patients under examination.

PMID- 1209868
TI  - [New principle  of production of obturating apparatus in gaping defects of the
      esophagus and pharynx].
AB  - The authors suggest a new principle of producing functionally active obturating
      devices providing for a natural feeding of patients and preventing irritation and
      skin maceration around the defect due to prevention of the sputum and mucus
      effect. The use of different prostheses in 9 patients speaks in favour of their
      high efficacy.

PMID- 1209869
TI  - [Anesthesia in surgical treatment of occlusive diseases of arteries of the lower
      limbs].
AB  - The kinetic study of a regional blood flow in the lower extremities
      (sphigmorphaphy, rheography) indicates its enhancement against the background of
      peridural blockade, employed by the authors in 480 of the total number of 1013
      various operative interventinuous or prolonged peridural blockade, stabilized
      automatically or manually, is of a higher quality and may be recommended for a
      wide clinical application in these patients.

PMID- 1209870
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of mask and intratracheal anesthesia with fluothane and
      nitrous oxide].
AB  - Under examination were 119 patients with mitral stenosis, stage III, in whom mask
      and endotracheal narcosis with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 volume per cent of fluothane in
      combination with 50% nitrogen monoxide was accomplished. As a result of studies,
      it was found that with the same concentrations of anesthetics in the inhaled
      mixture the depth of anesthesia according to EEG findings was greater in
      endotracheal than in mask anesthesia. Mask anesthesia was associated with more
      pronounced pathophysiological shifts than endotracheal one. In endotracheal
      narcosis with an artificial ventilation of the lung the fluothane concentration
      of 0.5 and 1.0 volume per cent in a combination with 50% nitrogen monoxide proved
      to be optimum.

PMID- 1209871
TI  - [Effect of different types of anesthesia on hemodynamics and certain indicators
      of metabolism in obesity].
AB  - The authors have studied the response of the cardiovascular system and kinetics
      of some indices of fat and carbohydrate metabolism during the operation under
      different kinds of anesthesia in 175 patients with obesity. A comparative
      estimation of local anesthesia and narcosis with ether, fluothane, ntirogen
      monoxide during operative procedures in obese patients is given. It is believed
      that in patients with obesity for short-time operative procedures it is rational
      to use fluothane-nitrogen monoxide-oxygen anesthesia.

PMID- 1209872
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of the degree of intoxication in peritonitis by studying
      the migration activity of leukocytes].
AB  - In 40 patients with diffuse peritonitis of various origin the author has studied
      the migration activity of leucocytes in flat five-canal capillaries. There was
      found a distinct dependence between the level of intoxication and indices of
      leucocytes migration activity, namely the higher the level of intoxication and
      the less favourable is the course of peritonitis, the lower the indices of
      leucocytes migration. A rise in the migration activity of leucocytes coincides
      with clinical manifestations of the improvement. Studies were conducted prior to
      surgery and every two days till patient's discharge or death. The data obtained
      allowed a suggestion that the kinetics of indices of leucocytes migration
      activity can serve as a criterion for estimating the course of peritonitis and
      efficacy of the therapy employed. Application of the suggested test offers new
      opportunities for a comparative study of various methods of treatment for
      peritonitis.

PMID- 1209873
TI  - [Postoperative analgesia by intra-abdominal administration of nitrous oxide].

PMID- 1209875
TI  - [Treatment of mild cases of burns under ambulatory conditions].

PMID- 1209874
TI  - [Pericarditis in staphylococcal destruction of the lungs in children].

PMID- 1209876
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of open and closed methods of wound treatment after
      surgical therapy of paronychia under polyclinic conditions].

PMID- 1209878
TI  - [Pancreatitis after surgery in complicated cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1209877
TI  - [Endoscopy in the diagnosis of diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum].
AB  - The results of endoscopic studies in 948 patients with various diseases of the
      upper digestive tract are reported. It is the author's opinion that esophago
      gastrointestinal endoscopy is the most informative method of diagnosing diseases
      of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum.

PMID- 1209879
TI  - [Motor function of the duodenum in patients with chronic calculous
      cholecystitis].
AB  - Calculous cholecystitis in patients is associated with considerable disturbances
      of the duodenal peristalsis, a hyper- and akinetic type of disorders in the
      motoricity being observed. Due to the results obtained in all patients with
      calculous cholecystitis an examination of the duodenal peristalsis should be
      recommended during the period of diagnostic studies.

PMID- 1209880
TI  - [Kidney function after extensive resection of the intestine].
AB  - Experimentally on 52 dogs and clinically in 46 patients it was found that
      extensive enterectomy of the distal small intestine, in particular, would induce
      alterations in the renal function and grave disorders in kalium metabolism. In
      treatment of patients subjected to extensive enterectomy, it is recommended to
      use the therapeutic complex contributing not only to rehabilitation of the
      digestive function but also to normalization of the renal activity and blood
      water-electrolyte content, special attention being attached to a correction of
      kalium metabolism.

PMID- 1209881
TI  - [Surgical treatment of rectal fistulas].

PMID- 1209882
TI  - [Nonspecific complications after lung resections in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1209883
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of a round infiltrative tubercular focus and pulmonary
      tuberculoma].
AB  - Clinco-roentgenological findings were studied in 110 patients with ovoid
      tuberculous infiltrations of the lung, and these were compared with analogous
      observations of 409 pulmonary tuberculomas. Tuberculous infiltration is
      frequently of an ovoid shape, its greater diameter being directed along the
      pulmonary pattern, while a portion of its greater diameter being directed along
      the pulmonary pattern, while a portion of its contour is distinct and spheroid
      and directed distally. The reliable criterion of a developed tuberculoma is the
      symptom of flattening and its distinct peripheral contour, which is not
      infrequently also flattened.

PMID- 1209885
TI  - [Hemodynamic disorders of the lesser circulation after lung resection and
      surgical methods of their prevention].

PMID- 1209884
TI  - [Bronchospirometric and rheographic characteristics of external respiration and
      hemodynamics of the lesser circulation in purulent lung diseases].
AB  - Using bronchospirometry and rheography the external respiration and hemodynamics
      of the minor circulatory circuit were studied in 164 patients with suppurative
      processes in the lung. Ventilatory-respiratory indices were found to be reduced
      in the affected and "healthy" lung. A correlative dependence between the gravity
      of respiratory disorders and the state of the minor circulation hemodynamics was
      proved statistically.

PMID- 1209886
TI  - [Use of color thermography for diagnosis of thyroid diseases]primenie tsvetnoi
      termografii dlia diagnostiki zabolveanii shchitovidnoi zhelezy.
AB  - 121 patients with different affections of the thyroid were examined by the method
      of color thermography. In patients with signs of hyperthyroidism or inflammation
      of the thyroid a local skin hyperthermia of the anterior jugular surface was
      observed. In the presence of euthyroid or hypothyroid struma skin temperature
      changes are either entirely absent, or there is a moderately pronounced local
      hypothermia. Cancer of the thyroid, as a rule, causes a more pronounced local
      skin hypothermia on the anterior jugular aspect.

PMID- 1209887
TI  - [Radioisotope teletherapy as a method extending the limits of operability].

PMID- 1209888
TI  - [Bypass anastomoses in occlusion of the popliteal artery and its branches].

PMID- 1209889
TI  - [Percutaneous osteosynthesis in fractures of the distal segment of the crural
      bones with injury of the tibio-fibular junction].

PMID- 1209890
TI  - [Method of radiography of the clavicle in diagnosis and treatment of fractures].

PMID- 1209891
TI  - [Mechanism of contusion injuries of the lungs in gunshot wounds of the upper part
      of the abdomen].
AB  - The authors have studied experimentally changes in the lung in gunshot injuries
      of the upper abdomen. A temporary pulsating cavity, that is formed at the moment
      of injury, renders a damaging effect on the pulmonary tissue, thus contributing
      to the development of postcontusion pneumonia.

PMID- 1209892
TI  - Editorial: Keeping the flocks free from scab.

PMID- 1209893
TI  - Intrahepatic cholestasis in a dog: a clinicopathological study.
AB  - The paper describes a case of jaundice in a three-year-old bassett hound. The
      illness was accompanied by hyperbilirubinaemia and raised serum levels of
      alkaline phosphatase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, indicating the presence
      of both biliary obstruction and hepatocellular damage. Examination of liver
      biopsies on two occasions showed intrahepatic cholestasis and mild inflammatory
      change. The dog was treated with corticosteroid. The jaundice regressed after
      three months, hepatic functions returned to normal and the dog recovered. The
      cause of the jaundice was not determined.

PMID- 1209894
TI  - Myasthenia gravis, thymoma and myositis in a dog.

PMID- 1209895
TI  - An outbreak of African horse sickness in Nigeria.

PMID- 1209896
TI  - Correspondence: Financial implications of a career in veterinary research.

PMID- 1209897
TI  - Letter: Drugs and doping.

PMID- 1209898
TI  - Letter: MMB pregnancy testing service.

PMID- 1209899
TI  - [Displacement of the esophagus under normal conditions and in different postures
      of the patient and phases of respiration].

PMID- 1209900
TI  - [Panarteritis of the aorta and its branches].

PMID- 1209901
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenoloical diagnosis of changes in the esophago-gastric passage in
      patients after gastric resection].

PMID- 1209902
TI  - [Roentgenological examination of adolescents before and after aortic valve
      prosthesis].

PMID- 1209903
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of local complications after anterior resection of the rectum
      and sigmoid].

PMID- 1209905
TI  - [Odontoid bone - congenital and acquired; its pathogenetic significance].

PMID- 1209904
TI  - [Roentgenological changes in the small intestine in children with
      lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1209906
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of chondrosarcomas of the jaws].

PMID- 1209907
TI  - [Use of the curve of the change of contrast for evaluation of the informative
      value of the image in roentgenography, zonography and tomography].

PMID- 1209909
TI  - [Mean absorbed doses in the tissues of critical organs of patients examined by
      roentgenological procedures].

PMID- 1209910
TI  - [Laterography of the spine in lateral projection].

PMID- 1209908
TI  - [New possibilities of reduction of irradiation doses in radiography with the aid
      of intensifying screens].

PMID- 1209911
TI  - [Size of the left atrium and the nature of cardiac rhythm in mitral valve
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1209912
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of barium suspension prepared on water and the
      extract from the pomegranate peel for examination of the large intestine].

PMID- 1209913
TI  - [Use of triiodinated contrast media for oral cholegraphy in pediatric practice].

PMID- 1209914
TI  - [Latent course of primary malignant mesothelioma of the pleura].

PMID- 1209915
TI  - [Raise the efficiency of production (the experience of veterinary service for a
      swine-rearing complex)].

PMID- 1209916
TI  - [More attention to preventing hypodermatosis].

PMID- 1209917
TI  - [Use of hypochlor for disinfection in commercial swine raising].

PMID- 1209919
TI  - [Improve veterinary service on animal husbandry complexes].

PMID- 1209920
TI  - [Radioisotope incorporation into Listeria L forms].

PMID- 1209918
TI  - [Obtaining hyperimmune serum for the diagnosis of enzootic ovine abortion].

PMID- 1209921
TI  - [Selection of antibiotics for treating animal carriers of Leptospira].

PMID- 1209922
TI  - [Experience in controlling actinomycosis in cattle].

PMID- 1209923
TI  - [Causative agents of dermatomycosis in horses].

PMID- 1209924
TI  - [Aerosol immunization of poultry against pasteurellosis].

PMID- 1209925
TI  - [Treatment of plaque in dogs].

PMID- 1209926
TI  - [Healthy herd for the farm complexes].

PMID- 1209927
TI  - [Prevention of ascaridiasis in piglets].

PMID- 1209928
TI  - [Chemoprophylaxis in anoplocephaliasis in sheep].

PMID- 1209929
TI  - [Hypodermin-chlorophos against warble fly larvae in yaks].

PMID- 1209930
TI  - [Protozoam diseases of fish in wintering tanks].

PMID- 1209931
TI  - [Experimental infestation of nutria with RH strain Toxoplasma].

PMID- 1209932
TI  - [Progesterone and gravohormone for stimulating sexual function in cows].

PMID- 1209933
TI  - [Treatment in placental retention and endometritis in cows].

PMID- 1209934
TI  - [Effectiveness of sanitary measures in the prevention of mastitis in cows].

PMID- 1209935
TI  - [Radioelectrocardiography in obtaining bull sperm].

PMID- 1209936
TI  - [Hydrolytic enzyme in boar sperm].

PMID- 1209937
TI  - [Clinical importance of ketogenic and antiketogenic factors].

PMID- 1209938
TI  - [Effect of ketonemia on the resistivity of pregnant cows and the dyspepsia
      incidence in calves].

PMID- 1209940
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of omphalitis in calves].

PMID- 1209939
TI  - [Experience in raising young stock].

PMID- 1209941
TI  - [Use of rompun on breeding bulls].

PMID- 1209942
TI  - [Determination of florides in biological material].

PMID- 1209943
TI  - [Toxic action of famofos on reindeer].

PMID- 1209944
TI  - [Pathogensis of dehydration in acute digestive disorders in cattle].

PMID- 1209946
TI  - [Quality, effectiveness and safety of means of transportation].

PMID- 1209945
TI  - [Treatment and prevention of ketosis in milk cows].

PMID- 1209948
TI  - [Energy metabolism and heat loss in cattle of the Kholmogorsk breed].

PMID- 1209947
TI  - [From each cow--1 calf per year].

PMID- 1209950
TI  - [Protection of horses from blood sucking flies].

PMID- 1209949
TI  - [Effectiveness of the protection of deer against blood-sucking insects].

PMID- 1209951
TI  - [Gas-energy metabolism in rabbits in relation to age and microclimate].

PMID- 1209952
TI  - [Standard projects of the organization of work in veterinary medicine].

PMID- 1209953
TI  - [Determination of the antibody titer in vaccination against foot-and-mouth
      disease of animals].

PMID- 1209954
TI  - [Immunogenicity of the attenuated strain of the virus of contagious ecthyma of
      sheep].

PMID- 1209955
TI  - [Lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal tract of useful insects].

PMID- 1209956
TI  - [Study of the effect of viral preparations of granulosis on bees].

PMID- 1209957
TI  - [Pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle].

PMID- 1209958
TI  - [Means of transmission of the swine plague virus].

PMID- 1209959
TI  - [Study of the pathogenicity of mycoplasma in swine].

PMID- 1209961
TI  - [Experience with avitellinosis control in sheep].

PMID- 1209960
TI  - [Prevention of piroplasmosis].

PMID- 1209962
TI  - [Pathomorphological and histochemical changes in parafasciolopsosis of elk and
      deer].

PMID- 1209963
TI  - [Influence of the conditions of cultivation of fish on morbidity due to
      diplostomatosis].

PMID- 1209964
TI  - [Fenasal--an effective anthelmintic against bothriocephaliasis of this year's
      brood].

PMID- 1209965
TI  - [Sex hormones in cattle].

PMID- 1209966
TI  - [Influence of hormone preparations on the fertility of cows and heifers].

PMID- 1209967
TI  - [Reactions for the diagnosis of occult mastitis].

PMID- 1209968
TI  - [Rectal method of diagnosis of sterility in swine].

PMID- 1209969
TI  - [Practical aspects of the care of horns].

PMID- 1209970
TI  - [Medium for the isolation of vibrios from pathological materials].

PMID- 1209971
TI  - [Current problems in the training of veterinary physicians].

PMID- 1209973
TI  - [Manufacture of cardio-vascular preparations].

PMID- 1209972
TI  - [Methods of exploratory study in obstetrics and gynecology in the veterinary
      faculty].

PMID- 1209974
TI  - [For inspiration].

PMID- 1209975
TI  - [Exhibition of achievements of the national economy of the USSR].

PMID- 1209976
TI  - [A great profession].

PMID- 1209977
TI  - [Helminthological evaluation of the use of manure in dairy complexes].

PMID- 1209978
TI  - [Improvement of the microclimate and increase in the resistance of chickens to
      high temperature].

PMID- 1209979
TI  - [Role of Chlamydia in the etiology of bronchopneumonia in calves].

PMID- 1209980
TI  - [Viability of swine erysipelas bacteria in aerosols].

PMID- 1209981
TI  - [Spring virus disease of fish].

PMID- 1209982
TI  - [Pathomorphology in experimental furunculosis of trout].

PMID- 1209983
TI  - [Peculiarities of the dissemination of putrefactive diseases of bees].

PMID- 1209984
TI  - [Effectiveness of hexachlorophene in cestodosis in dogs].

PMID- 1209985
TI  - [Chlorophos in the prevention of parasitic diseases in fish].

PMID- 1209986
TI  - [Acarapidosis of bees and the battle against it].

PMID- 1209987
TI  - [Acaricidic preparations and spring work-ups of bees].

PMID- 1209988
TI  - [Practical aspects of raising replacement heifers].

PMID- 1209989
TI  - [Treatment of puerperal endometritis in cows].

PMID- 1209990
TI  - [Study of pseudomoniasis of animals].

PMID- 1209991
TI  - [Radiofluorography of calves with bronchopneumonia].

PMID- 1209992
TI  - [Phosphoro-calcium level in the blood serum in hyper- and hypothyroidism].

PMID- 1209993
TI  - [Study of the activity of erythrocyte cholinesterase in healthy and dipterex
      poisoned sheep and cattle].
AB  - Determined were spectrophotometrically the normal values of the erythrocyte
      cholinesterase of a total 272 sheep and 120 cattle under normal conditions. In
      sheep the average value of the enzyme activity was within the range of 82 +/-
      2.44, and in cattle it was 146 +/- 6.13 units. Experiments with 55 sheep, given
      dipterex orally at rates of 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg liveweight each revealed that
      the activity of the enzyme was below the lower normal value limit. The markedly
      expressed inhibition of the erythrocyte cholinesterase was invariably accompanied
      with the clinical manifestation of organic phosphorus intoxication. In some of
      the treated sheep there lacked clinical symptoms of poisoning, although the
      activity of the erythrocyte cholinesterase showed values ranging under the lower
      normal limit. It is believed that the inhibition of the enzyme activity may well
      be referred to as the preclinical symptom of poisoning with organic phosphorus
      compounds, which, however, is not indicative of the severity of the disease in
      all cases. As there is no correlation between the clinical manifestation of the
      intoxication and the inhibition of the enzyme activity animals suspicious of
      organic phosphorus intoxication are to be studied in terms of the inhibition of
      their erythrocyte cholinesterase activity.

PMID- 1209994
TI  - [Comparative testing of methods for the control of foot-and-mouth disease
      vaccines on guinea pigs].
AB  - It was found that the so-called direct methods for the control of vaccines give
      better idea about the immunogenic properties of the F. M. D. vaccines. The direct
      method for the determination of the value for guinea pigs is to be preferred to
      the method determining the protection index C, and is convenient, fast and
      readily applicable in terms of economy and preciseness. Discussed is the problem
      of employing the method in the research and production activities under
      laboratory conditions.

PMID- 1209995
TI  - [Recuperative processes in experimental Heterakis infections in chickens].
AB  - Studied were the recuperation processes in birds with Heterakis infection induced
      with the administration of 300 infective Heterakis eggs per bird, followed by
      phenotiazin worming at various intervals. It was found that the reconvalescence
      period sets in sooner and more effectively with the earlier removal of helminths,
      but not later than the 35th day after infection. The erythrocyte and leukocyte
      counts were found to come back to normal soonest, while the weight gain, the
      amount of hemoglobin, the percentage of pseudoeosinophiles and the gamma
      globulins were normalized less quickly, and the total protein and the percent of
      lymphocytes were not normalized at all. Following Heterakis infection there set
      in changes in the organism which remain even when worming is carried out as early
      as the first days after the infection. Thirty-five days after the infection with
      Heterakis such changes were close to those which could not be involved in the
      reminiscence processes. On the sixtieth day of the infection process recuperation
      was impossible, and worming did not result in the removal of the helminths in
      connection with development of chronic typhlitis. It is suggested to undertake
      worming at intervals not longer than thirty days.

PMID- 1209996
TI  - [Study of the outcome of pregnancy in sheep with positive serologic reactions to
      toxoplasmosis according to the complement fixation test].
AB  - Studied were five flocks of 240 sheep each. It was found that prior to
      impregnation the positive complement-fixation test (c. f. test) reagents varied
      from 16 to 61 per cent with titers ranging from 1:50 to 1:10. Abortions, however,
      were established only in two of the flocks consisting of young sheep, aged 3 and
      4 years, at the first or second lambing. The abortions took place in the fourth
      month of pregnancy. In one of these flocks having 43 per cent positive reagents
      there were 40 per cent returns, and 28 of the ewes miscarried, 12 of them being
      positive for toxoplasmosis. In the second flock there were 61 per cent positive
      reagents, and 9 of the ewes miscarried, 5 of them being positive for
      toxoplasmosis. In the remaining three flocks consisting of 5-year-old sheep there
      were no abortions. The ewes that miscarried and were positive for toxoplasmosis
      showed a rise in their serum titers: from 1:40 on the 15th day after the abortion
      to 1:80 on the 30th day. It is believed that in these sheep the abortions are not
      due to toxoplasmosis, and in sheep flocks with a high percent of positive
      toxoplasmosis reagnets there may not be abortions.

PMID- 1209997
TI  - [Effect of intramuscular and oral use of antianemic iron preparations in suckling
      pigs].
AB  - Comparative studies were carried out on the effect of the application of a
      ferrodextran preparation (A-100),  muscularly, and the oral administration of
      urzoferruvit and taferon-tablets to pigs. The result was read by the changes in
      the body weight, the hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and reticulocytes. It
      was established that the muscular application of A-100 at the rate of 0.1 Fe3+/kg
      prevents ferrodeficiency anaemia and affects favourably the growth of pigs. The
      oral application of the other two preparations at 0.4 Fe3+ and 1.28 Fe2+ (bis in
      die) does not prevent anaemia in all treated pigs, and they are inferior to the
      ferrodextran preparation in terms of utilization and effect on the growth of the
      animals.

PMID- 1209998
TI  - [Chloride levels in the estral secretion and the fertility of cows].
AB  - Studied was the chloride content of the estral secretion of cows at their
      insemination. It was found that chlorides vary from 351 to 1130 mg% on an
      average. In 90 per cent of the cows the chloride content varied within the 701
      1200 mg% range. There is certain correlation between the chloride content and the
      conception rate of cows. The latter had highest values in cases where chlorides
      ranged from 701 to 800 mg%.

PMID- 1209999
TI  - [Effectiveness of potassium iodide in ovarian cysts in cows].
AB  - A trial was carried out with the treatment of a total of 64 cows having ovarial
      cysts. Thirty-one of the animals were given potassium iodate in the course of
      seven days at rates of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9g with the concentrates, and thirty
      three were offered potassium iodate at the same rates in the form of a 1 per cent
      solution. The medical treatment was performed along with the study of the blood
      serum for total protein and protein fractions, and the examination of the thyroid
      activity by means of the factor F after the Modestov-Arsenyev's method. The
      following conclusions were made: 1. The administration of potassium iodate with
      the concentrates for 7 days at the rates mentioned above produces a good
      therapeutic effect, is fully absorbed (as found in the cysts content), and total
      conception amounts to 86.6 per cent. 2. The albumin level in the serum rises by
      1.9 per cent in cows given potassium iodate with the concentrates, and by 1.7 per
      cent in cows given potassium iodate as a 1 per cent solution. 3. Factor F shows
      decrease by 28 per cent in animals treated via the concentrated fodder, and by
      38.6 per cent in cows offered potassium iodate as 1 per cent solution.

PMID- 1210000
TI  - [Changes in the liver mitochondria due to gamma-ray irradiation of hen embryos
      and chickens].
AB  - Studied were the changes in the activity of the mitochondria-specific enzyme
      malatedehydrogenase (MDH) and the ATP content in the liver of chick embryos and
      chickens irradiated with 1000 rad. The total activity of MDH as well as the
      content of ATP dropped and the 'free' activity of MDH rose, but such was not the
      case of 20-day-old embryos. These changes were most pronounced in 12-day-old
      embryos. This showed that the changes in the mitochondria depend on the stage of
      embryonic development.

PMID- 1210001
TI  - [Possibilities of differentiation of the specific positive reactions for pullorum
      disease].
AB  - Studied were sera obtained from three groups of birds experimentally infected
      with Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum. Salmonella enteritidis, and Salmonella
      heidelberg, resp., using the whole serum agglutination reaction, the slow test
      tube reaction (at 37 degrees and 50 degrees C), and the agar gel precipitation
      reaction as modified by Aoki as well as the spot-test of Williams. It was found
      that with the use of a typhus antigen it is not possible to differentiate the
      positive coagglutination reactions between Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum and the
      Salmonella bacteria of the B and D serologic groups. Differentiation of the
      coagglutination reactions between Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum and the bacteria
      of B serologic Salmonella group was effected through exhaustion of the sera with
      Salmonella-gallinarum pullorum after Castellani, followed by the study with an O
      test antigen of Salmonella heidelberg.

PMID- 1210002
TI  - [Comparative study of various antigens of D. filaria by disc electrophoresis].
AB  - Somatic and functional antigens of Dictyocaulus filaria were comparatively
      studied by means of disk electrophoresis. Established were the protein fractions
      of the different antigens. The preliminary fractionation of the antigens on
      Sephadex G-200 made it possible (at a second concentration and separation through
      disk electrophoresis) to obtain fewer, but richer and better distinguishable
      fractions each one of which could be used alone as a specific antigen. The
      complement-fixation test, the indirect hemagglutination, and the latex
      agglutination reaction revealed that most specific and sensitive proved the
      antigen obtained after Stewart (II fraction), this method being more sensitive
      and specific, as compared with others. The c. f. test performed with this antigen
      gave consistently better results showing higher titers as against other antigens.

PMID- 1210003
TI  - [Fructose and the fructolysis index in bull semen].
AB  - The fructose content and the fructolysis index were studied in the semen of
      bulls. It was established that the value of the index depends upon the age.
      Highest values were found with the semen of 2-year-old bulls (3.23 +/- 0.13), and
      lowest were the values in bulls aged from 5 to years (2.49 +/- 0.12). It was also
      found that in September-October the fructolysis index is higher than the values
      in March-May. No differences were observed with the content of fructose.

PMID- 1210004
TI  - [Study of Dermanyssus gallinae as a carrier of Pasteurella multocida].
AB  - Microbiologic studies and biologic experiments revealed that Pasteurella
      multocida persists in the body of Dermanyssus gallinae mites after these engorge
      with blood from infected birds. Depending on the temperature of the environment
      the carrier status was shown to last from 42 to 64 days. It is reported that the
      red mite acts as a vector and does not transmit Pasteurellae directly. However,
      the parasite is potentially hazardous in maintaining and passing on the infection
      through other indirect routes. Carrier status has been established in naturally
      infected Dermanyssus gallinae mites.

PMID- 1210005
TI  - [Role of ticks of the species Argas persicus Oken, 1818, in the epizootology of
      pullorum disease in birds].
AB  - Studies was the role played by ticks of the Argas persicus species in the
      epizootiology of pullorum disease in birds. Use was made of microbiologic,
      radiometric, and autoradiographic methods to follow up the period of carrying
      Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum, the localization and routes of elimination of the
      causative agent as well as the possibility of transmitting the infection by
      ticks. The pathogen was found to persist in the alimentary tract for a long time
      (at least 8 months--as long as the observation period lasted) without altering
      its pathogenicity, being excreted through the feces. No Salmonella-carriers were
      found among ticks in pullorum infection foci, and this points to the fact that
      their part as disease-transmission factors is limited. Regardless of what has
      already been established, however, the long term of harbouring pathogenic
      Salmonellae by ticks necessitates the organization of sanitation measures
      including such which aim to destroy the ticks on infected poultry farms.

PMID- 1210006
TI  - [Trends in Ixodides fauna along the Black Sea in the south].
AB  - A total of 55726 Ixodes ticks were collected from farm and wild animals on the
      territory of Bourgas district in the 1958-1964 period and were specifically
      differentiated. At a later study in the region of the town of Michourin other
      26722 ticks were collected from sheep. A total of 15 species were determined. It
      was found that Ixodes ricinus in the East Balkan Mountain to the north of the
      town of Nessebur develops after a three-year pattern in pure populations of
      larvae, nymphs, and imagoes, the peak periods being autumn and spring. The tick
      induced paralyses in sheep and goats in this region were due to I. ricinus. A
      year-round occurrence was established of ticks of the H. plumbeum, I. ricinus, H.
      punctata, and R. bursa species parasitising in animals. The Ixodes fauna in the
      Michourin region, where the pastures in 1971 were grazed only by sheep, shows the
      following trends: H. punctata and R. turanicus ticks, which are preferably
      parasitising in sheep, increase their relative share. R. bursa, D. marginatus and
      I. ricinus, which, besides sheep, have also other hosts among farm animals, have
      lowered their relative share, however, still remain at a comparatively high
      level. No further decrease is expected in this respect. The H. plumbeum species
      occurs less frequently, and its level may drop further or remain as it is now. H.
      inermis has strongly decreased in numbers. It is expected, however, to persist at
      the present level. B calcaratus has not been found in sheep in the Michourin
      region. Maybe sporadic cases in single sheep would not be an exception provided
      it parasitises in wild animals (does).

PMID- 1210007
TI  - [Biochemical and serological study of mycoplasma isolated from milk in cases of
      mastitis].
AB  - Studied were biochemically and serologically a total of 10 Mycoplasma cultures
      isolated from milk of mastitis-affected cows (clinical and subclinical forms).
      The organisms were differentiated as belonging to Mycoplasmataceae (M.
      alkalescens species), and Acholeplasmataceae (A. laidlowii species). Demonstrated
      was also the presence of mixed cultures including M. alkalescens and A.
      laidlawii. The organisms specified as A. laidlowii showed atypical properties so
      far as some biochemical indices were concerned.

PMID- 1210009
TI  - [Dynamics and causes of mortality in poultry in the Pleven district].
AB  - Studied were the various factors causing death and the dynamics of death in two
      broiler flocks, two parental flocks for broilers, and one flock of market egg
      layers. Death rate among broilers ranged between 2.17 and 2.98 per cent. It was
      highest during the first week after which it sharply dropped up to the end of the
      fattening period. In some flocks it again rose in the 4th to 6th of 8th week
      owing to the onset avitaminosis E, coccidiosis or Marek's disease. Noninfectious
      and deficiency diseases were prevailing in broilers. In the layers death rate
      varied within wide limits, ranging from 15 up to 23.75 per cent. It was highest
      during the first month and then sharply dropped. However, after the third month
      it again rose, reaching its maximum by the 6-7th month in connection with the
      outbreak of Marek's disease. In layers the infectious diseases were slightly
      prevailing, causing 51 to 57.39 per cent of the total number of deaths. Most
      widespread of the infectious diseases was Marek's disease, causing nearly 50 per
      cent of the deaths.

PMID- 1210008
TI  - [Influence of the biological activity of substances on the puerperal period and
      fertility of cows].
AB  - Experiments were carried out to shorten the service period and increase the
      conception rate in 304 cows under productional conditions with the use of drugs,
      hormonal means, and preparations producing unspecific effects on the reticulo
      endothelial system, immediately after giving birth. It was found that: the
      parenteral treatment of cows one to three hours following calving with 200,000 IU
      vitestrol and 15-20 IU hypophysin, on the one hand, and (after the removal of the
      placenta) the infusion into the uterus of 1-2 g chloramphenicol, 15 g ac.
      citricum of Na citricum and 0.2 g pilocarpinum hydrochloricum, emulsified in 20
      30 cu. cm oil emulsion of vitamins A, D3 and E, and the injection by the fifth
      day after calving of 30-40 cu. cm of tissue emulsion prepared after Filatov with
      the use of bovine liver or swine embryos, on the other, decreased the
      "independences" period with 7.01 days, the service period -- with 27.50 days, and
      the index of insemination -- with 0.60. At the same time the conception rate
      resulting from the first insemination rose by 25.20 per cent as compared to the
      untreated animals. The prophylactic veterinary treatment of cows thus contributed
      in decreasing the cases of retentio secundinarum after calving by 6.2 per cent,
      and the cases of acute endometritis -- by 12.9 per cent. Treatment of cows after
      calving, using hormonal, chemiotherapeutic, and biogenic stimulators,
      contributes, along with other means to raise the annual number of calves per 100
      cows up to ten.

PMID- 1210011
TI  - [Interbreed and interspecies variation in the occurrence of subclinical mastitis
      in cows and buffaloes].
AB  - Studied were for subclinical mastitis 3252 cows of the Bulgarian Brown breed,
      1409 cows of the Bulgarian Simmenthal breed, 1082 cows of the Bulgarian Red
      cattle, 341 cows of the Iskar cattle, 1086 cows of the Black and White breed, and
      418 buffalo-cows. Established were mathematically dependable variations with
      regard to the individual sensitivity to subclinical mastitis of the main cattle
      breeds reared in this country. Highest was the percent of subclinical mastitis in
      the cows of the Bulgarian Simmenthal breed - 28.22. Bulgarian Brown cows and the
      cows of the Bulgarian Red breed were equally affected with subclinical mastitis -
      25.24 and 25.23 per cent, respectively. In the Iskar and Black and White cattle
      the values were 12.60 and 12.70 per cent, respectively, i.e., the per cent of
      subclinical mastitis was more than twice lower as compared with the first three
      breeds. Buffalo-cows showed high absolute and relative resistance both with
      regard to subclinical and to clinical mastitis.

PMID- 1210010
TI  - [Thiobarbiturate and peroxide numbers as an index of the state of frozen ocean
      mackerel].
AB  - Studied were the changes taking place in the fats of frozen mackerel according to
      its quality. The organoleptic evaluation performed by a standard method served as
      a basis of comparison. It was found that the fats of standard frozen ocean
      mackerel show a thiobarbiturate number after Kopecky (E/n X 10) ranging up to 10,
      and a peroxide number of up to 0.20% J2, resp. the index after Lea (ml 0.01n
      Na2S2O3 per gram of fat) being up to 1.60. The fats are extracted in a way that
      is based on Bligh and Dyer's method.

PMID- 1210012
TI  - [Study of immunity in coccidiosis in chickens experimentally infected with
      Marek's disease].
AB  - The immunity was studied against coccidiosis in birds that had preliminary been
      infected with Marek's disease. Results showed that birds infected with Marek's
      disease are unable to build up stable immunity against an oocyst infection of
      Eimeria tenella. The rate of mortality due to Marek's disease in birds infected
      with the virus of Marek's disease and additionally infected with oocysts of E.
      tenella was higher as compared with that in birds that were infected only with
      the virus of Marek's disease.

PMID- 1210013
TI  - [Level of estrogens in the blood of swine during pregnancy].
AB  - Studied were six sows crosses of the White Bulgarian and the Landrace breed
      during pregnancy for the presence of estrogenic hormones in the blood. The blood
      was sampled on the 15th, 24th, 34th, 54th, 69th, 89th, 110th, 113th day and on
      the day following farrowing. It was found that up to the 54th day the level of
      hormones remains low, not surpassing 2.6 +/- 0.24 ng estron and 2.6 +/- 0.22 ng
      estradiol per 100 cu. cm plasma. After the 69th day the hormone level rises, and
      on the day prior to farrowing it reaches up to 286.6 +/- 33.48 ng estron and 8.9
      +/- 0.69 ng estradiol in 100 cu. cm plasma. The blood level of hormones was found
      to drop abruptly reaching almost the same levels that were established at the
      beginning of pregnancy.

PMID- 1210014
TI  - [Characteristics of bull semen].
AB  - Studied were comparatively some morphologic, biochemical, and biological methods
      employed to characterize the biologic value of bull's semen. Particular attention
      was paid to the objective methods of evaluation. Reflected is the experience
      gained in this country as well as the author's personal experience in
      characterizing the ejaculates and storing 24-72 H semen at 0-4 degrees C and
      continuous storing at ultralow temperatures. Given are also the theoretic
      achievements on the problem, and a stress is laid on the applicability of the
      methods for evaluating the semen in the artificial insemination practice with
      cows.

PMID- 1210015
TI  - Storage, distribution and utilization of vitamins A in the eyes of adult
      amphibians and their tadpoles.

PMID- 1210016
TI  - Fixation by the alert but solitary cat.

PMID- 1210017
TI  - An evaluation of the "ramp" retina of the horse eye.

PMID- 1210018
TI  - Effect of dioptrics on peripheral visual acuity.

PMID- 1210019
TI  - The size and shape of the pupil in lightly anaesthetized cats as a function of
      luminance.

PMID- 1210020
TI  - The detection and identification of lines and edges.

PMID- 1210021
TI  - Inhibitory interaction between visual pathways tuned to different orientations.

PMID- 1210022
TI  - Ricco's law: response as a power function of stimulus luminance and distance from
      target center.

PMID- 1210023
TI  - Border enhancement during flicker stimulation: effect of retinal location.

PMID- 1210025
TI  - Flicker photometry of equally bright lights.

PMID- 1210024
TI  - Influence of stimulus parameters on visual sensitivity during saccadic eye
      movement.

PMID- 1210026
TI  - Dynamic characteristics of the receptive field of L-cells in the carp retina.

PMID- 1210027
TI  - Gain control mechanisms within the receptive field center of cat's retinal
      ganglion cells.

PMID- 1210028
TI  - Simple reaction time as a measure of the temporal response properties of
      transient and sustained channels.

PMID- 1210029
TI  - Effects of steady surround illumination on the brightness and darkness
      enhancement of flickering lights.

PMID- 1210030
TI  - Eye-opening in kittens.

PMID- 1210032
TI  - [Importance in the examination of respiratory function in kidney failure].

PMID- 1210031
TI  - [Some parameters of breathing mechanics in obese persons].

PMID- 1210033
TI  - [Results of objective examination of glucose tolerance test in the 1st degree
      relatives of patients with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1210034
TI  - [Tubular extraction of glucose in pregnant women].

PMID- 1210035
TI  - [Follow-up of lactic and pyruvic acid in chronic ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1210036
TI  - [Terminal negativity of the P wave in lead V-1 as a sign of imminent auricular
      fibrillation in patients with hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 1210037
TI  - [Serum magnesium level in some internal diseases].

PMID- 1210038
TI  - [Problems of diseases of the biliary tract in the light of data obtained by
      routine statistics].

PMID- 1210039
TI  - [Search for HL-A 27 antigen in families of patients with ankylosing spondylitis].

PMID- 1210040
TI  - [Problem of neuromuscular disorders in rheumatic diseases. Comprehensive review].

PMID- 1210041
TI  - [Some teams used by the medical service].

PMID- 1210042
TI  - [Characteristics of teaching surgery on a military medical faculty].

PMID- 1210044
TI  - [Resistivity to staphylococcal infection in multiple injuries of the soft
      tissues].

PMID- 1210043
TI  - [Amputation of the extremities in burns].

PMID- 1210045
TI  - [Fluorescence angiography in congestion and pseudocongestion of the optic disks].

PMID- 1210046
TI  - [Early diagnosis and treatment of ethylene glycol poisonings].

PMID- 1210047
TI  - [New developments in the treatment of acute dysentery].

PMID- 1210048
TI  - [Etiology and specific prophylaxis of respiratory diseases in military
      personnel].

PMID- 1210049
TI  - [Effect of vibration and noise on the function of the endocrine glands in
      military matereriel squads].

PMID- 1210050
TI  - [Propaganda for ratiobal nutrition].

PMID- 1210051
TI  - [Medical technological management of human interaction with military matriel].

PMID- 1210052
TI  - [Role of physical training in the process of flight instruction].

PMID- 1210053
TI  - [Mechanism of fatigue in sailors during cruises].

PMID- 1210054
TI  - [Surgical treatment of epithelial cysts and fistulae of the sacrococcygeal
      region].

PMID- 1210055
TI  - [Anesthesia in stomatological practice for orthopedic interventions].

PMID- 1210056
TI  - [Prevention of complications from toothe extraction].

PMID- 1210057
TI  - [Analysis of the effectiveness of antitubercular measures].

PMID- 1210058
TI  - [Hyperbilirubinemia in flight personnel].

PMID- 1210059
TI  - [Oxygen barotherapy in posttraumatic neuritis of the acoustic nerve].

PMID- 1210060
TI  - [Outfit for installing hospital litters in covered freight cars].

PMID- 1210061
TI  - [Work of the troop physician in the timely diagnosis and prevention of
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1210062
TI  - [Medical support for the young replacements for drivers].

PMID- 1210063
TI  - [Small-sized electrical aspirator].

PMID- 1210064
TI  - [Surgical treatment of corrosive stenosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 1210066
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acquired heart defects by valvular replacement. 10-year
      experiences with 451 patients].

PMID- 1210065
TI  - [Mitral stenosis. Survey of 1100 cases with closed heart surgery].

PMID- 1210067
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of intracranial changes in acromegaly].

PMID- 1210068
TI  - [Study of some blood coagulation factors and fibrinolysis in patients with
      artificial heart valves].

PMID- 1210069
TI  - [Our experience in the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid gland].

PMID- 1210070
TI  - [Evaluation of the incidence of diabetes mellitus in insured military personnel].

PMID- 1210071
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic fever].

PMID- 1210072
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of carcinoma of the rectum].

PMID- 1210073
TI  - [Extracranial and intracranial traumatic lesions of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1210074
TI  - [Identification and determination of mustard gas in water].

PMID- 1210075
TI  - [Clinical picture and diagnosis of unexplained febrile states from experiences of
      the clinic for infectious diseases of the Military Medical Academy].

PMID- 1210077
TI  - [Study of fatigue during physical effort in the experimental model of assault
      training].

PMID- 1210076
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of otogenous meningitis].

PMID- 1210078
TI  - [Fractures of the zygomatic-maxillary complex].

PMID- 1210079
TI  - [Fractura colli femoris medialis (subcapitalis)].

PMID- 1210080
TI  - [Current war injuries of extremities].

PMID- 1210081
TI  - [Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on catecholamine contents in tissue of rats
      subjected to tourniquet trauma].

PMID- 1210082
TI  - [Angiographic differentiation between chronic inflammatory processes and
      pancreatic tumors].

PMID- 1210083
TI  - [Surgical treatment of herniated disk].

PMID- 1210084
TI  - [Our studies on acute encephalitis and encephalomeningitis of known and unknown
      origin].

PMID- 1210085
TI  - [Endocrine system in patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis].

PMID- 1210086
TI  - [Current concepts on the values of some infusion solutions in the treatment of
      traumatic shock].

PMID- 1210087
TI  - [Role of medical service in preparation of personnel for night combat].

PMID- 1210088
TI  - [New possibilities in the identification and determination of some elements in
      toxico-chemical examination of water and food in the field].

PMID- 1210089
TI  - [Technology of the production and clinical use of infusible solution of invert
      sugar].

PMID- 1210091
TI  - [Rheumatic fever in soldiers].

PMID- 1210090
TI  - [HL-A system of histocompatibility antigens in the man].

PMID- 1210093
TI  - [Afferent loop syndrome].

PMID- 1210092
TI  - [Sponge kidney].

PMID- 1210095
TI  - [Influence of peace-time organization of emergency health service, surgery and
      anesthesiology in island and coastal region defensive war].

PMID- 1210094
TI  - [Intestinal helminthiasis in assanated military environment].

PMID- 1210096
TI  - [Current acupuncture].

PMID- 1210097
TI  - [Anticoagulant and fibrinolytic treatment of acute and chronic kidney failure].

PMID- 1210098
TI  - [Malathion poisoning. Report on a case of suicidal poisoning].

PMID- 1210100
TI  - [Study of the function of the adrenergic system in animals adapted to trauma].

PMID- 1210099
TI  - [Importance of local changes of sodium and potassium metabolism for resistance of
      the body to tourniquet trauma].

PMID- 1210101
TI  - [Interrelation between natural and synthetic antioxidants in the organism].

PMID- 1210102
TI  - [Glycoproteins in rat blood serum and tissues and thiamine saturation of the
      body].
AB  - In blood serum and tissues of rats with alimentary and antimetabolic thiamin
      deficiencies content of glycoproteins was determined. The alimentary B1
      avitaminosis caused a decrease in content of ceruloplasmin, hexosamines and
      sialic acids in blood serum and also of hexosamines in liver tissue and aorta. In
      dificiency of thiamin, caused by a single administration of hydroxythiamin,
      content of hexosamines and sialic acids were decreased in liver, pancreas and
      heart; in blood serum content of ceruloplasmin was decreased but that of
      glycoproteins was increased. Thiamin increased content of glycoproteins and
      sialic acids in blood serum and the content of sialic acids in liver tissue, but
      it decreased content of hexosamines in liver and pancreas. Content of the
      metabolites studied in animals, maintained on avitaminous diet, was normalized by
      means of repeated administration of thiamin during four weeks.

PMID- 1210103
TI  - [Arginine esterase, kalnikreine and antitryptic activities in experimental
      allergic encephalomyelitis in dogs].
AB  - In experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in dogs within seven days after
      immunization with encephalytogenic emulsion and in an acute period of the disease
      arginine-esterase and kallikreine activities were increased by 68% and 218%,
      respectively; antitryptic activity was simultaneously decreased in blood serum.
      If the symptoms of the disease were less distinct and also in animals, which were
      treated with Freund's stimulator, alterations in activity of the enzymes studied
      were found to be negligible.

PMID- 1210104
TI  - [On the effect of immune and normal sera on catalase].
AB  - Effect of specific immune and normal sera on catalase was studied. The sera
      activated the enzyme, partially protected catalase against UV-irradiation and
      heating and also against the effect of inhibitors. Antibodies against catalase
      were observed in the fraction of 7 S gamma-globulins of immune serum. In studies
      of heat denaturation of catalase the stabilizing effect of immune serum was more
      distinct than the influence of normal serum and its protein fractions. In
      presence of serum protein fractions there was a correlation between the enthalpy
      of heat denaturation of catalase and decrease in specificity of the protein, in
      respect to the enxyme, associated with it in a complex. Alterations in enthropy
      compensated completely the decrease in enthalpy.

PMID- 1210105
TI  - [Alterations in the isozyme spectrum and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in
      development of Ehrlich ascites tumor].
AB  - By means of polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis lactate dehydrogenase
      belonging only to the M-type was observed in mice liver tissue, muscles, ascite
      cells and ascites fluid in the course of development of Ehrlich ascites tumor. In
      the tissues studied and in the tumor the LDH type was not altered in the course
      of development of the tumor. At the same time the LDH activity was slightly
      decreased in muscles; in the terminal period it was increased in liver tissue; in
      ascitic cells or fluid it was increased in the course of development of the
      tumor. In blood serum the M-fraction was the main type of LDH. The M4 isozyme
      accounted for about 80% of the total LDH activity. The remainding 20% were
      distributed approximately equally between the other four isozymes. As the disease
      proceeded redistribution of isozymes occurred in the direction of the M-type.
      About 70% of the H-type LDH was found in heart; isozymes H4 and H3M accounted for
      about 35% each of the total LDH-activity. Direct relation was not observed
      between the alteration in the enzymatic activity and the LDH isozyme spectrum in
      tumor and tissues of animals with developing Ehrlich ascites tumor.

PMID- 1210106
TI  - [Metabolism of collagen in infectious nonspecific (rheumatoid) polyarthritis].
AB  - Distinct impairments in collagen metabolism were observed in infectious
      (rheumatoid) polyarthritis. The impairements were manifested as increased
      excretion of hydroxyproline with urine and increased content of protein bound
      hydroxyproline in blood plasma and synovial fluid; the impairements increased
      with an increased in severity and abundance of pathological process in connective
      tissue. After successful treatment of patients (surgical operation, combined with
      complex antirheumatic treatment) content of the collagen metabolites was
      decreased in biological fluids; this decrease was not observed if the
      inflammatory process in the connective tissue was present.

PMID- 1210107
TI  - [Effect of protease inhibitors on the activity of trypsin and lipase in the
      pancreas and blood serum of rats in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1210108
TI  - [Effect of ethanol on stability of cell membranes in experiments using isolated
      liver].
AB  - Effect of ethanol on functional activity of isolated perfused rat liver was
      studied (rate of O2 utilization, absorption of bromosulpholeine from perfusate,
      bile formation); total activity and activity in supernatant of nine marker
      enzymes were also determined (malate dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase,
      arylsulphatases A and B, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, acetylesterase,
      glucoso-6-phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase).
      Activity of the enzymes was simultaneously studied in perfusate. Ethanol (0.5%)
      caused distinct impairement in functional activity of isolated liver; rate of
      bile formation and absorption of bromosulpholeine from perfusate were primarily
      altered. Degree of impairements in functional activity of liver tissue correlated
      with the concentration of ethanol in perfusate. In analysis of correlation
      between the total activity of the enzymes in liver tissue and their activity in
      supernatants and perfusate it was shown that the concentration (1%) of ethanol
      used did not produce damaye effect on plasma membranes and membranes of
      subcellular structures of hepatocytes, but, within certain limits, it displayed a
      stabilizing effect.

PMID- 1210109
TI  - [Simultaneous estimation of catecholamines and serotonin after purification on
      ion exchange resin].
AB  - A general fluorimetric method was developed for determination of noradrenaline,
      adrenaline, dopamine and serotonin in a single sample. Purification of samples
      was carried out on columns of Dowex 50X4 and 10 in sodium form. As judget by an
      internal standard the yield of noradrenaline and adrenaline was about 90% and of
      dopamin -- about 75%. Serotonin was determined by means of a condensation
      reaction with ninhydrin. A more stable fluorescence of serotonin samples was
      provided by an increase in warming-up time up to 55 min. Treatment of control
      probes with iodine solution permitted to eliminate an unspecific fluoresence of
      the tissues studied. The yield of serotonin was about 75% as estimated by an
      internal standard.

PMID- 1210110
TI  - [The method of simultaneous fractionation of main fractions of lysophospholipids
      and their diacyl derivatives].
AB  - Lysopholipids together with their diacyl derivatives were fractionated by means
      of thin-layer chromatography. High sensitivity and separation capacity of the
      method was due to the use of superthin layers of absorbent, obtained by
      prfcipitation and also owing to the use of horizontal flow chromatography in a
      special system of solvents.

PMID- 1210111
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of 2 methods for the determination of pyruvate
      dehydrogenase activity in tissues in avitaminosis B 1 induced by various
      methods].
AB  - A method for determination of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in mitochondria and
      tissue homogenates was developed. The method was based on a spectrophotometric
      monitoring of p-nitroaniline acetylation under conditions required to ensure
      correct stoichiometric course of the reaction. In rat tissues absolute amounts of
      the enzyme activity, determined by the method, were found to be several-fold
      lower as compared with the values determined by the conventional ferricyanide
      method. Within 24 hrs after a single administration of hydroxythiamin into rats
      (400 mg per 1 kg of body weight) the pyruvate dehydrogenase activity was
      decreased 1.5-fold in heart (as estimated by the reaction of p-nitroaniline
      acetylation) and did not alter in liver tissue. While if the determinations were
      carried out by the method of terricyanide reduction the enzyme activity was
      decreas 7- and 2-fold, respectively, in heart and liver tissue. The data obtained
      suggest that hydroxythiamin impaired reactions of electron transport in tissues;
      on the other hand, the data obtained showed that the method for determination of
      the pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, based on the acetylation reaction, was more
      specific than the conventional method which involved measuring of ferricyanide
      reduction.

PMID- 1210112
TI  - [Pyruvate kinase from kidney medulla of rabbits in insulin deficiency].
AB  - A decrease in activity of pyruvate kinase by 43% in kidney medulla was observed
      in rabbits, which lasted for 10-16 days. In kidney medulla of rabbits with
      alloxan diabetes the pyruvate kinase activity was increased by 39% as compared
      with control animals.

PMID- 1210113
TI  - [The state of the neural apparatus of cutaneous hemangiomas in children of
      different ages].
AB  - The work was undertaken to study the innervation of 120 skin hemangiomas in
      children aged from 1 month to 14 years. The data obtained have made it possible
      to conclude that shifts occurring in hemangioma are manifested by alterations in
      its nervous apparatus. The growth of hemangioma is accompanied with its
      hyperneuria, a delay in the tumor growth, its involution - by nerve destruction
      up to the state of hypo- and aneuria.

PMID- 1210114
TI  - [Determination of tumor infiltration of the bronchial wall in lung cancer].
AB  - In the article, a new method of diagnosing the extent of the tumor spread in the
      bronchial wall without involvement of the mucosa (a peripbronchial form of the
      growth) is described. The method consists of two components - angiography of
      bronchial arteries with subsequent injection of a staining material in the
      corresponding bronchial artery and bronchoscopy, by means of which staining of
      the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree is observed. In case of tumor
      infiltration of the bronchial wall staining was absent completely or partially. A
      clinical trial of the method indicated its high efficacy.

PMID- 1210115
TI  - [Estrogen excretion and sex chromatin content in the tumor cells of breast cancer
      patients].

PMID- 1210116
TI  - [Use of immunologic tests in periodic preventive examinations of workers involved
      in benzidine production].
AB  - In 95 workers engaged in benzidine production the results of the cutaneous
      delayed hypersensitivity response to the injection of tissue embryonal antigen
      were studied, 76 of them were additionally examined for application of 2,4
      dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Studies on the state of the immune response of the
      workers' organism were conducted in association with clinical and cytoscopic
      findings. The immunological tests applied during prophylactic examinations
      revealed, according to objective signs, a group of persons with immunological
      defects. And just in this group pretumor conditions and occupational vesical
      tumors were detected. The results of the authors' observations made it possible
      to recommend an application of the tests reflecting the state of cell immunity,
      to determine immunological defects in such workers as adjuvant methods for
      periodic prophylactic examinations.

PMID- 1210117
TI  - [Elaboration of a long-term program of international cooperation in the area of
      oncologic research].
AB  - In the USSR the coworkers of the Oncological Research Center of the USSR Academy
      of Medical Sciences and the Institute of Control Problems of the USSR Academy of
      Sciences are actively participating in elaboration of a long-term program for
      international cooperation in the field of oncological research and its
      information provision, based on a systemic approach to it. A list of most
      perspective trends in the field of oncological researches is made. An original
      system of selective propagation of the information among the participants of the
      program was worked out. Some methodological approaches to the working out and
      realization of the long-term program are formulated.

PMID- 1210118
TI  - [Correction of endocrine-metabolic disorders in oncologic patients. The effect of
      biguanides (phenformin and adebita), miskleron and diphenin].
AB  - The study was conducted on 40 patients previously operated upon radically for
      cancer of the mammary gland, uterine body, lung and colon. All patients were
      explored and treated during 2-14 months. As evidenced by the data obtained,
      biguanides proved to be mostly effective with regard to normalization of an
      excessive weight in oncological patients and an impared tolerance to glucose,
      whereas myscleron-in cases of hyperlipemia with marked hypercholesterinemia,
      diphenin - in a concomitant excessive production of corticosteroids. Moreover,
      the pharmacological drugs concerned were shown to influence also the production
      of gonadotropic, steroid and thyroid hormones.

PMID- 1210119
TI  - [The kinetics of accumulation and elimination of the antitumor preparation
      tomizine-35 S].
AB  - On rats with sarcoma M-1 the peculiarities of accumulation and elimination of the
      folic acid antagonist-pyrimido (4,5-b), (1,4) thiazinon-35S, called "thomizine",
      have been studied. In travenous injection of thomizine-35S with the activity of 5
      muc per animal the highest initial concentration of radioactivity was observed 5
      15 minutes after the injection. While decreasing, the radioactivity absorption
      coefficients in organs were distributed as follows: the kidneys, pancreas, organs
      of the endocrinous system, lymph nodes, the stomach, liver, small intestine,
      brain. Thomizine-35S accumulation in rat organs proceeded not only on account of
      its intake with blood but also due to penetration and subsequent deposition in
      structural tissue elements. Lessening of radioactivity in the organism of rats
      was dependent exponentially. Elimination of the drug was realized mainly via the
      kidneys. 89 per cent of the absorbed radioactivity was eliminated from the
      organism with a period of semielimination of 1 hour, 11 per cent - with a period
      of semielimination of 36 hours.

PMID- 1210120
TI  - [The combined action of leukemia virus and 20-methylcholanthrene on mouse
      embryonal cells].

PMID- 1210121
TI  - [Determination of the effectiveness of antiblastic chemotherapy by morphologic
      signs of tumor cell damage].
AB  - All known morphological signs of cell dystrophy are systematized. Each cell was
      described according to multiple morphological signs (100 cells in each specimen);
      20 000 tumor cells in carcinomatous exudates of patients with different
      localizations of malignant tumor were studied during the course of treatment, and
      9 100 cells of experimental Brown-Pearce tumors were subjected to various
      effects. There were revealed more informative signs for judging the efficacy of
      treatment in patients. Based on more informative signs, which proved to be
      nucleoli signs, the indices for nucleoli were elaborated to determine the degree
      of tumor cells injury and to estimate the efficacy of treatment of patients by
      means of alkylating antiblastic substances. A semiautomatic set
      "Cytoclassificator" was employed for the study.

PMID- 1210122
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the cellular elements of mouse rhabdomyosarcoma].
AB  - The ultrastructure of different types of cell elements of rhabdomyosarcoma clones
      induced by 20-methylcholanthrene in mice CC57W is described. Along with general
      signs of a decreased differentiation typical for blastic cells of different
      histogenesis (rough endoplasmic reticulum, an abundance of free ribosomes, etc)
      some types of cell elements of myoblasts are characterized by specific features
      such as the character of anastomoses, fibrillary structures, etc. Morover, as a
      pathognomonic sign for tumorous myoblasts at the ultrastructural level could be
      only the presence of myofibrils with periodic aggragations like Z-bands in their
      cytoplasm. Since within one clone population both cells with and without
      myofibrils were encountered, the absence of the latter should not be considered
      to be a criterion for denying the myogenic nature of such cell elements.

PMID- 1210123
TI  - [The carcinogenic action of 1,3-diiminoisoindolin (phthalogen)].
AB  - In experiments on mice CC57 and rats (the Rappolovo nursery) the effect of
      continuous phthalogen injections (from 325 to 467 days) was studied. 36 rats and
      99 mice survived the terms of appearance of the first tumors. Average total doses
      of the drug in subcutaneous injections in the experiments on rats -321-630 mg,
      while in the experiments on mice - 3,5-5,21 mg, in cutaneous applications - 31 mg
      per mouse. In the experiments with subcutaneous phthalogen injections tumors
      arose in 65%, including  leucoses - in 54%. These figures exceed nearly twice the
      corresponding control values. Pulmonary tumors (adenocarcinoma and sarcoma in
      four cases) were observed at the site of the drug injection. In the experiments
      on rats sarcomas were found in 9 cases at the site of the injection of the
      substance. In one rat renal adenocarcinoma developed. The data obtained indicate
      a weak carcinogenic action of phthalogen.

PMID- 1210124
TI  - [Recurrences and metastases of cancer of the lower lip].

PMID- 1210125
TI  - [The morphogenetic potentials of tumor tissue].

PMID- 1210126
TI  - [Functional-morphocytochemical changes in the liver in cancer of organs in the
      pancreatoduodenal zone].
AB  - In 76 patients with cancer of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal zone the
      functional state of the liver and its morphocytochemical structure were studied
      during the operation and postoperatively. A considerable impairment of functional
      tests of the liver, its enzymic activity, mineral metabolism and the
      microelements content was revealed. Simultaneously with functional-enzymic
      disturbances in the liver also morphocytochemical changes were found to be
      pronounced.

PMID- 1210127
TI  - [The relationship between several biological properties of tumors and their
      metabolism].
AB  - Cytochemically, in smears-impressions of gastric and pulmonary tissue the authors
      studied alpha-glycerophosphate (a GPDH), succinate (SDH) and dihydroorthate (DDG)
      dehydrogenases that gives one an idea on the activity of energetic processes and
      initial stages of nucleic acid synthesis. It seems that a quantitative
      cytochemical analysis of the enzymic profile of tumor will allow some suggestions
      as to a capacity of tumors to metastasize and a degree of resistance to the
      therapy employed.

PMID- 1210128
TI  - [The effect of 11-deoxycortiocosterone acetate on the antitumor activity of
      prospidin].
AB  - Male rats with sarcoma 45 being intact with respect to the adrenal gland and
      thyroid were subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy or thyroidectomy. The
      experiments have indicated that 11-desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) injected
      intramuscularly in the dosage of 30-45 and 80-90 mg/Kg daily during 6-8 days
      (terms of observation-14-16 days since the moment of tumor transplantation)
      lessens the antiblastic effect of prospidine (injected intraperitoneally in the
      same dosage and regimen), especially in an impaired mineral metabolism, caused by
      adrenalectomy. The growth of sarcoma 45 was found to be retarded in bilateral
      adrenalectomy or thyroidectomy in rats. Epinephrectomized animals showed the
      entire absence of this effect in DOCA injection. In thyroidectomized and
      adrenalectomized animals the antiblastic effect of prospidine was more pronounced
      than in intact (with respect to the thyroid and adrenal gland) rats.

PMID- 1210129
TI  - [Induction of stomach tumors in rats by N-methyl-N-nitroso-N1-nitroguanidine].
AB  - N-methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine was administered as drinking water to Wistar
      strain and non-inbred male rats in the dosage of 100 mKg/ml for 7 months,
      Adenocarcinomas of the stomach were produced in about 70% of rats. The first
      tumors in the glandular stomach were noticed in 10-12.5 months. Studies of the
      kinetics of morphological changes indicated that MNNG induced a damage to the
      mucous membrane, subsequent regenerative hyperplasia, adenomatous hyperplasia
      with cellular and structural atypism, atrophy, pylorization of the mucosa and
      development of gastric adenocarcinomas.

PMID- 1210130
TI  - [The relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) of fast neutrons as measured by the
      intensity of tumor cell fluorescence in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum].

PMID- 1210131
TI  - [Ovarian neoplasms in mice of the CBA line].

PMID- 1210132
TI  - [Morphologic changes following preoperative irradiation of cancer of the
      esophagus and cardia].

PMID- 1210134
TI  - [Ovarian teratoblastoma in a girl].

PMID- 1210133
TI  - [Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (one case)].

PMID- 1210135
TI  - [The DNA of gastric tissue lymphocytes in ulcer disease and cancer].

PMID- 1210136
TI  - [Further development of the program of cooperation between scientists of CEMA
      member countries with regard to the "malignant neoplasms" project].

PMID- 1210137
TI  - [Serum phosphoglucomutase activity in stomach cancer patients].

PMID- 1210138
TI  - [Anti-infectious immunity during treatment of stomach cancer patients].

PMID- 1210139
TI  - [Development of thyroid tumors in rats following long-term I131 administration].

PMID- 1210140
TI  - [The antiblastomatous activity of 9-methyladenine, 1-methyluracil and 1
      methylthymine].

PMID- 1210141
TI  - [Rehabilitative and supportive therapy for oncologic patients].
AB  - The results of treatment in 674 oncological patients in a special department of
      accessory therapy have been studied. The patients admitted were previously
      subjected to various kinds of radical surgery. The analysis has evidenced that
      due to a careful dynamic exploration of patients and pathogenetic therapy with a
      protective regimen and labor therapy, the results of surgical treatment in
      patients with cancer of the stomach, lung and mammary gland were found to be
      considerably improved. This is especially evident from observations over patients
      with lung cancer. Among 168 patients followed up since 1965 up to date 126
      patients (75%) show no signs of tumor recurrence. Thus, there can be no doubts as
      to the rationality of further elaboration of rehabilitation measures in
      oncological patients.

PMID- 1210142
TI  - [Breast cancer in children].
AB  - Cancer of the mammary gland in children is an extremely rare affection. According
      to the data of the N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology among 6500 patients
      with breast cancer, treated clinically, cancer of the mammary gland in children
      was revealed only in three cases (0.046%). The clinical course and prognosis of
      mammary cancer in children is more favourable than in adults. A possibility of
      development of regional and distant metastases in mammary cancer in childhood
      warrants the need to perform adequate both local-regional (radical Holstead
      mastectomy) and general procedures (chemotherapy).

PMID- 1210143
TI  - [Neuroleptoanesthesia for patients subjected to irradiation for cancer of the
      stomach and rectum].

PMID- 1210144
TI  - [An autoradiographic study of adenocarcinoma of the stomach].
AB  - Sixteen cases of human stomach adenocarcinoma were studied, using the in vitro
      incubation in H3-thymidine medium. The portion of cells synthesizing DNA (the
      label index) has been correlated with histological and clinico-anatomical
      characteristics. An average value of the label index for human stomach
      adenocarcinomas was 29.9% (14.1%--39.1%). Some dependence between the label index
      and level of structural-cellular atypism of tumor tissue and tumor size has been
      shown.

PMID- 1210145
TI  - [The blood and urine concentration of 5-fluorouracil in patients with pancreatic
      neoplasms].
AB  - The kinetics of 5-fluoruracil concentration in blood and urine in 18 patients
      with cancer of the pancreas was determined in a regional and systemic method of
      its administration. The concentration of 5-fluoruracil in blood was found to be,
      as a rule, lower and the time of detection shorted after i/a (regional)
      administration as compared with i/i (systemic) one. Accordingly, less amount of
      the substance involved is excreted with the urine in regional chemotherapy. This
      allows an application of large single and sessional doses in insignificant
      general toxic effects and also gaining much better therapeutic effect.

PMID- 1210146
TI  - [Humoral antitumor cytotoxins in patients with melanoma of the skin].
AB  - The level of humoral antitumor cytotoxins in sera of malignant melanoma patients
      has been studied by means of a cytotoxic test in vitro. The authors have shown a
      cytotoxic effect of sera of most patients on autochthonous tumor cells of
      melanoma. Hela cells were used as a control cell line. There was no cytotoxic
      effect of sera (of both melanoma patients and healthy donors) on Hela cells. The
      patients' sera cross-reacted in allogenic combinations of melanoma target cells
      and sera. Humoral cytotoxins against melanoma tumor cells have also been found
      tin sera of healthy donors.

PMID- 1210147
TI  - [Universal approaches to the control of tissue radiosensitivity during radiation
      therapy of malignant tumors].
AB  - Approaches to the problem of the control over tissue radiosusceptibility, united
      by the common purpose--a need for selective increase of the intact tissues
      tolerance to overcome tumor hypoxia, are discussed. Such universal approaches
      include an application of radiation characterized by high linear wastes of
      radiation energy, methods of increased oxygenation of tumors, the use of electron
      sink compounds, and irradiation under conditions of hypoxia--hypoxiradiotherapy.
      The experiments conducted by the author and his collaborators with local
      irradiation of a number of transplantable mice tumors under general hypoxia,
      produced by inhalation of oxygen poor gaseous mixtures (5% O2+95% N2), have shown
      not only a selective protection of normal tissues, but also greater regression of
      tumors. The mechanism of the observed phenomenon is being suggested, and some
      prospects of hypoxiradiotherapy in the oncological clinic are discussed.

PMID- 1210148
TI  - [Decreasing tissue resistance to the effects of a carcinogen by strengthening the
      local response by using BCG].

PMID- 1210149
TI  - [Response of flowering plant seedlings to the action of N-nitroso-N-methylurea].
AB  - The influence of N-nitroso-N-methylurea on seedlings of two species of plants-
      Cucurbita pepo L., Helianthus annuus L.--was investigated. NMU was added in agar
      agar, on which seedlings were growing. 0.02% concentration of NMU was used. In
      addition to the delay in growth and appearance of necrotic regions, also local
      overgrowth of cotyledons of C. pepo and overgrowth of hypocotyl and the base of
      cotyledons of H. annuus were observed. A histological analysis has shown that
      these swellings arise due to two processes: pathological hypertrophy and
      proliferation.

PMID- 1210150
TI  - [Differences in the mechanisms of low-temperature and high-temperature processes
      in the formation of 3,4-benzopyrene during wood pyrolysis].
AB  - In 4 series of experiments a dependence between 3,4-benzpyrene (BP) output and
      the temperature of fir sawdust pyrolysis under isothermic conditions has been
      investigated. The experimental series differed in the duration of wood pulp
      particles stay in the reaction zone (tau). Also EPR spectra of pyrolysis products
      have been recorded. The experimental series did not differ in an output of ether
      extract from pyrolysis products, while BP output temperature curves in their
      shape were found to be largely dependent on tau: with an increased tau these
      curves definitely showed the maximum in the range of 300-350 degrees C and the BP
      output raised in the range of this maximum and also at the temperature of 600
      degrees C. In the temperature range over 350 degrees C the character of
      dependence of the EPR signal value on temperature would correlate well with the
      temperature-dependent BP output, in the range of lower temperatures the EPR
      signal was not detected. The data obtained are considered as an evidence of two
      processes of BP formation in wood pyrolysis-a high-temperature process
      (temperature over 500 degrees C) and low-temperature one (300-350 degrees C). The
      high-temperature process seems to have the free-radical mechanism of BP
      formation, whereas in low temperatures it is evidently the result of a ion type
      reaction.

PMID- 1210151
TI  - [The carcinogenic activity of small concentrations of nitrosodimethylamine when
      inhaled].
AB  - In experiments on Balb/c mice and Wistar rats the authors have studied the
      carcinogenic activity of nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in daily inhalations of the
      drug in concentrations of 0.005 mg/m3 and 0.2 mg/m3 during 17 months for mice and
      25 months for rats. In the concentration of 0.2 mg/m3 tumors would arise
      considerably earlier and in larger amounts than in control animals, as well as in
      animals inhaling NDMA in the concentration of 0.005 mg/m3 and not differing in
      this respect from control animals.

PMID- 1210152
TI  - [The effect of bromination on the carcinogenic properties of 3,3'
      dichlorbenzidine].

PMID- 1210153
TI  - [The effect of local non-specific sensitization with 2,4-dinitrochlorbenzene on
      chemical carcinogenesis].
AB  - The induction of benzpyrene skin carcinogenesis was suppressed by repeated
      administrations of DNCB in C57Bl mice. DNCB was found to protect the development
      of the immunodepression induced by benzpyrene. The most appreciable effect was
      observed when DNCB applications were started two months before the benzpyrene
      administration. An insignificant inhibition or therapeutic effect was noted
      during later stages of the benzpyrene carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1210154
TI  - [Several disputable problems in bone oncology].

PMID- 1210155
TI  - [The condition of the skeleton in breast cancer].

PMID- 1210156
TI  - [The effect of radiation therapy on the course of the tumor process in patients
      with laryngeal cancer].
AB  - The authors have studied the effect of radiotherapy on immune responsiveness in
      36 patients with laryngeal cancer. The kinetics of variations in the skin cover
      bacterial picture, as well as some indices of nonspecific (anti-infective)
      humoral immunity (the titre of agglutinines, general bactericidity of blood sera
      against the proper staphylococci of the skin and the content of staphylococcic
      antitoxin) were followed up depending on dosage of irradiation. It was found that
      radiation therapy with the total focal dosage of 2000 rad in 72% of cases
      contributed to activation of protective forces of the organism; in larger doses
      (2001-8000 rad) of irradiation the indices of nonspecific immunity in every
      patient were found to be reduced.

PMID- 1210157
TI  - [The secretory function of the stomach in pre-tumorous conditions and tumors].
AB  - The effect of 3-methylcholanthrene, pretumor and tumor changes in the stomach on
      its secretory function was studied on 38 rats. Gastric secretion was not found to
      change due to the presence of the carcinogen in the stomach or due to developing
      pre-tumor changes in it. However, the developing tumor would produce considerable
      shifts in gastric secretion towards achylia. Such a reduction in the secretion
      results from a diminished functional area of the stomach and, presumably, from
      toxemia phenomena.

PMID- 1210159
TI  - [The frequency of tumor cell detection in the abdominal cavity during combined
      treatment of rectal cancer].
AB  - In 53 patients with rectal cancer, subjected to an intensive preoperative gamma
      therapy, and 14 patients, treated only surgically, washings from the abdominal
      cavity obtained intraoperatively were studied cytologically. Cancer cells were
      detected in every second patient of both groups. The frequency of their detection
      was conditioned by cancer localization in the rectum and a degree of its
      intraparietal spread. The data obtained indicate the efficacy of intensive
      preoperative irradiation that causes a radiation damage of tumor cells
      disseminated intraabdominally during the operative intervention.

PMID- 1210158
TI  - [The pathogenesis of the hemorrhagic syndromes in liver neoplasms complicated by
      jaundice].

PMID- 1210160
TI  - [An electron-autoradiographic study of capillaries in malignant tumors].
AB  - Using electron microscopy the ultra structure of endothelial cells in malignant
      tumors (myogenic sarcomas), removed in 6 patients, was investigated. It was found
      that endothelial cells of blood capillaries in malignant neoplasms show some
      peculiar features in the basal layer structure and in formation of a multitude of
      orifices of various diameter in the capillary wall. Electron radiographic
      investigations of endothelial cells of a transplantable sarcoma strain in the
      experiment have evidenced a greater number of ribosomes in the cytoplasm and
      enhancement of the DNA synthesis in nuclei. These findings are indicative of
      increased proliferative properties of these cells.

PMID- 1210161
TI  - [Characteristics of poly(A) rich RNA in human lymphocytes under normal conditions
      and in chronic lympholeukemia].
AB  - The presence of poly(A) containing RNA bound specifically to millipore filters,
      adsorbed on poly(U) cellulose and resistant to the pancreatic RNAs effect has
      been demonstrated in total RNA of human lymphocytes. These fractions show a DNA
      like nucleotid content, a rapid turnover and they are characterized by
      sedimentation constants within the range of 9.5--15 S. On the average, 24.6 per
      cent of the applied initial radioactivity of total RNA is absorbed on membrane
      filters of normal lymphocytes, whereas from 13.3 to 23.3 per cent- in the poly(U)
      cellulose column. The study of lymphocytes total RNA in patients with chronic
      lympholeucosis has indicated a great heterogeneity in the content of poly(A)
      sequences rich RNA fractions.

PMID- 1210163
TI  - [The embryonal antigen of hamster adenovirus sarcoma].

PMID- 1210162
TI  - [A comparative study of primary human cell cultures of diffuse goiter and cancer
      of the thyroid gland].
AB  - Cells obtained from non-malignified tissues (diffuse struma) in 83 of 100 cases
      formed a continuous layer consisting of monomorphous epithelioid cells possessing
      a high adhesive capacity. Cells obtained from thyroid adenocarcinoma (in 5 of 7
      cases) showed lowered adhesiveness and did not form a monolayer. The culture
      consisted of polymorphous cells. Gigantic multinuclear cells and these with
      spheroid colorless inclusions in nuclei were encountered. In tripsinization of
      the tumor tissue obtained from patients, subjected to x-ray therapy, no growth of
      cell cultures was detected. Electron microscopic studies of nonradiated tumor
      tissue revealed light and dark cells, while these were light and degenerating in
      the irradiated tissue.

PMID- 1210164
TI  - [Cranio-cerebral hypothermia and neuro-vegetative blockade in the systematic
      treatment of injuries to the skull and brain].
AB  - A method of neurovegetative blockade with and without cranio-cerebral cooling has
      been worked out to deal with patients with traumas of the cranium and brain of
      varying severity. Indications for application of the neurovegetative blockade and
      cranio-cerebral cooling, their intensity and duration have been defined. The
      application of these methods within the framework of a complex purposeful
      treatment of severe cerebrocranial traumas made it possible to substantially
      reduce the lethality among the patients and this pustified recommending it for
      wide clinical use.

PMID- 1210165
TI  - [The phasic nature of the clinical course of traumatic intracranial hematomas].
AB  - A complex analysis of 315 cases of verified traumatic intracranial hematomas
      helped single out clinical phases marking their evolution, viz. compensations,
      sub-compensation, moderate decompensation, gross decompensation and terminal
      ones. A relation between the frequency of and sequence in the development of
      clinical phases of the brain compression by the hematoma and severity of the
      primary lesion of the brain at the moment of an injury was established. A direct
      connection between the results of the surgical treatment of intracranial
      hematomas and the clinical phase in which the patient underwent the operation was
      ascertained. A proposition is advanced as to an active diagnosing of intracranial
      hematomas by which is meant elimination of topical and nosological doubts and
      performance of an effective operation pre-emptive to the onset of a gross
      clinical decompensation of the injury.

PMID- 1210166
TI  - [The functional state of the kidneys in severe cranio-cerebral injury].
AB  - The functional state of the kidneys in dynamics was investigated in 147 patients
      with severe cerebro-cranial injuries. Dynamic changes of the blood protein
      metabolites in patients with normal glomerular filtration and depressed one were
      contrasted. The declined glomerular filtration was found to be of a passing
      nature, being accompanied by an increased content of nitrous products in the
      blood. The relation of azotemia with both renal and extrarenal factors is
      stressed. A relationship between the glomerular filtration and an upset
      hemodynamics and dehydration, as well as the absence of its dependance on
      isolated respiratory distressed, changes in the level of plasmatic electrolytes
      and also on the nature of the brain lesion and the age of patients were
      established.

PMID- 1210167
TI  - [Vestibular disorders in contusions of the temporal lobe of the brain].
AB  - An analysis of the caloric test results in 30 victims of a severe contusion-crush
      of the temporal lobe of the brain showed that to this type of pathology the
      common significant changes in the vestibular-oculomotor reflex which, more often
      than not, found their expression in the prevalence of an experimental nystagmus
      in the direction toward the affected hemisphere. The victims, in whom contusions
      of the temporal lobe were attended by lesions of the brain stem of the primary or
      dislocation genesis, demonstrated the presence of vestibular areflexia or
      dissociaton of the quick nystagmus phase. Against the background of a continual
      tonic component there would become evident gross functional disruptions of the
      oculomotor elements which in a number of cases proved unrecognizable with an
      ordinary clinical observation.

PMID- 1210168
TI  - [A combined method of removing hourglass shaped neurogenic mediastinal
      intravertebral tumors].
AB  - In cases of a pre-operatively diagnosed mediastinal tumour, but with no symptoms
      of its penetrating the vertebral canal via the intervertebral foramen, and with
      the surgeon suddenly discovering during anterio-lateral or lateral transpleural
      thoracotomy the tumor's spur going deep into the intervertebral foramen then it
      is a modification of the operation involving an effective removal of the
      mediastinal-intravertebral newgrowth, as described in this report, is most
      appropriate. This operation is performed in a single-stage fashion both on the
      level of the thoracic cavity and on that of the vertebral canal by undertaking a
      through examination of the intervertebral foramen from both sides. The authors
      believe this modification of the operative intervention to present advantages
      over the classical Guleke procedure, even in cases with an exactly established
      diagnosis of neurinoma, when one of its major node lies in the posterior
      mediastinum and the second--in the vertebral canal. Three cases in which this
      modification of the operation was applied with success are reported.

PMID- 1210169
TI  - [The pathogenesis of increased intracranial pressure as a sequels of closed
      cranio-cerebral injury].
AB  - The results of investigations (roentgenological, isotopic, CSL-dynamics) made in
      377 patients are reported. It has been ascertained that at the root of
      pathogenesis of intracranial pressure disturbances consequent upon cerebro
      cranial traumas lie pathological changes in the ependyma and meninges, which lead
      to derangements of the hemo- and CSF-dynamics. At least four mechanisms
      particpate in their pathogenesis, viz 1) reduced resorptive capacity of the
      meninges; 2) partical occlusion on the routes of the CSF outflow; 3) dilatation
      of intracranial and diploic veins; 4) increased permeability of the blood-brain
      barrier.

PMID- 1210170
TI  - [The diagnostic value of pneumotomoencephalography in patholigic processes in the
      region of the sella turcica].
AB  - The pneumotomoencephalographic procedure applied by the authors in pathological
      processes in the region of sella turcica is indicated in cases when during
      pneumocisternography the air fails to fully fill the chiasmal cisternae and it is
      impossible to obtain a clearcut idea about the presence and the size of the
      tumour. In such instances an additional introduction of 8--10 ml of air into the
      ventricular system permits it with a changed position of the patient's head to
      distinctly see on the tomogram the condition of the anterio-inferior portion of
      the III ventricle, which is the first to suffer from the compression or newgrowth
      proliferation in the region of sella turcica and in this way to obtain the
      primary roentgenological signs in the form of its filing defects.
      Pneumotomoencephalography was helpful in examining 74 patients with tumours in
      the region of sella turcica and suffering from sequelae of inflammatory
      affections. In all of these cases pneumotomoencephalography furnished better
      diagnostic results than did pneumocisternography. In the case of large-sized
      tumours compressing the CSF passages this procedure helps to readily establish
      the lower level of their occlusion.

PMID- 1210171
TI  - [The value of direct blood transfusion in brain tumor surgery].
AB  - An analysis of 93 direct transfusions of the blood to 53 patients operated upon
      in connection with brain tumours is offered. The effectiveness of direct
      hemotransfusions both during surgery in cases of an acute hemorrhage and an
      abrupt fall of the arterial pressure and in the post-operative period, due to
      untoward changes in the biochemical blood indices and post-operative anemia, is
      demonstrated. Direct hemotransfusions produce a high therapeutic effect in cases
      of the blood-clotting system disorders and also in suppurative-inflammatory
      processes during the post-operative period. The practice of direct
      hemotransfusions made it possible to more effectively control the described
      disorders and to improve the outcomes of surgical treatment in dealing with brain
      tumours.

PMID- 1210173
TI  - [A means of repositioning depressed fractures of the cranial vault].

PMID- 1210172
TI  - [Blood catalase activity in brain tumors during the postoperative period].
AB  - Proceeding from the current ideas on the significance of the catalase in the
      oxidative phosphorylation, oxygenation and desoxygenation of hemoglobin the
      activity of the above enzyme was studied in the blood of 60 patients with brain
      tumours. It was found that prior to a surgical intervention the catalase activity
      at the rate per 1 g of hemoglobin (the catalase index-CI) varied within the same
      range in patients with brain tumours of a different histological structure
      (meningiomas, adenomas of the pituitary, gliomas, metastases of cancer). The
      catalase index of the patients' blood does not differ from that in healthy
      individuals. In the post-operative period the catalase index rises right from the
      first days, paralleling the development of a general reaction to the damage.
      There exists a correlation between a fall in the level of hemoglobin and a rise
      of the catalase index, which apparently, has a compensatory significance. An
      investigation of the catalase in the clinical picture of the stress-syndrome may
      be of use for prognostic purposes.

PMID- 1210174
TI  - [Endocarotid general anesthesia for serial cerebral angiography].

PMID- 1210175
TI  - [Vitamin C allowance of sailors against a background of qualitatively varied
      nutrition].
AB  - The authors considered the problem on the issue relative to the requirements of
      sailors in vitamin C during tropical and arctic sailings. The objects of
      investigations were routine seagoing-dietary and a trial ration elaborated in
      conformity with the standard requirements in energy and in basic nutrients.
      Subject to determination were the vitamin C level in the blood and urine and the
      resistence of the capillaries. It has been found that within the framework of the
      trial ration the requirement of sailors for vitamin C comprises 100 mg in the
      Tropics and 150 mg in the Arctics per man/day.

PMID- 1210176
TI  - [Some lipid metabolic indises in schoolchildren whose nutrition utilizes new
      products of increased biological value].
AB  - Issues concerned with a more rational nutrition of schoolchildren working under
      an elevated mental stress are discussed. The fat and acid composition of the
      rations was corrected by inclusion of new fatty, dairy and sour milk products
      enriched with vegetable oil. Some characteristics of the lipids metabolism in the
      blood serum of practically healthy children of different age categories were
      studied. In children of senior school age lipids metabolism was analyzed in
      dynamics against the background of a successive application of food rations
      differing in the fat and acid composition. A different dependance of these
      characteristics on nutritional factors was ascertained.

PMID- 1210177
TI  - [Possibility of utilizing canned goods in the nutrition of young children].

PMID- 1210178
TI  - [Vitamin A and carotin content in the blood of children with lambliasis-induced
      cholecystitis].
AB  - The blood vitamin A and carotene content in normal children and the ones
      suffering from Lambia-induced cholecystitis was studied. In the sick children
      examinations were made in dynamics before and after administration of
      antilambliasis drugs and vitamin A ingested in an oil solution. In patients with
      Lamblia-induced cholecystitis the vitamin A and carotene content was found to be
      down by comparison with controls, this pointing to a deranged vitamin A and
      carotene metabolism in the organism of such patients. Upon instituting
      pathogenetic therapy and keeping the prescrived diet the vitamin A and carotene
      concentration in all these patients approached the normality.

PMID- 1210180
TI  - [Dynamics of the intake and utilization of orally administered 1,2-propanediol in
      glycogen synthesis in the rat liver].
AB  - The possibility of an isocaloric substitution of 1,2-propandiol for carbohydrates
      in the food ration of rats was investigated. The inclusion of propandiol as a
      synthetic source of food energy in the alimentation in an amount comprising 20
      per cent of the overall calorific value of carbohydrates does not affect
      adversely the growth intensity, nor does it produce any materials upsets in the
      metabolism of test animals. With its oral introduction in a dose of 1 g per 100 g
      of weight 1,2-propandiol is quickly absorbed, its level reaching the maximum in
      the blood and liver after a lapse of 1 hour with complete metabolization in the
      organism over a period of 12 hours. In fasting rats 1,2-propandiol is utilized as
      a precurser in the synthesis of glycogen and when introduced by the
      intraperitoneal route it does not influence the rate of the liver glycogen
      synthesis from glucose. Daily oral introduction of 2 g of 1,2-propandiol per 100
      g of body weight for a space of three and seven days, superimposed upon a
      carbohydrate-rich diet, brings about a fall of the liver reserve glycogen level.

PMID- 1210179
TI  - [Metabolism of riboflavin and its nucleotides in rat liver subcellular fractions
      in alloxan diabetes].
AB  - In alloxan-induced diabetes the content of riboflavin and FMN goes up in all of
      the subcellular fractions and that of FAD in the nuclear liver fraction alone.
      While administration of insulin to control animals reduces the riboflavin and FMN
      level in all of the subcellular fractions of the liver, in the diabetic animals
      such a decline is observed in the nuclei alone. Insulin brings down the FAD level
      in the nuclear liver fraction of both the control and test animals. An additional
      introduction of riboflavin depresses and that of FMN - raises the FAD content in
      diabetic animals as compared to controls.

PMID- 1210181
TI  - [Role of hormonal and seasonal factors in the effect of vitamin E on
      cholinesterase activity in the nervous system].
AB  - Tests were set up on 73 Citellus fulvus to study the influence exerted by
      different doses of vitamin E (4 and 8 mg) introduced per os on the activity of
      the total cholinesterase in various divisions of the central nervous system and
      also the part played by the hormonal and seasonal factors in this effect. Each
      test series lasted 30 days (in spring, summer and autumn). The cholinesterase
      activity was determined after Vensen and Segonzak (1968). The results of the
      experiments revealed some characteristic trends in the change of the
      cholinesterase activity occurring under the effect of vitamin E that depended
      upon a number of factors, such as: the dose of tocopherol, the sex of the animal,
      time of the year, the brain division under study and the seasonal dynamics of the
      initial activity. It is shown that in the brain sectors where a material
      difference existed in the cholinesterase activity between the control males and
      females it vanished under the effect of tocopherol. On the other hand, in the
      brain sectors where no such difference existed, it appeared under the effect of
      tocopherol. The regular character of changes in the cholinesterase activity of
      the brain and spinal cord produced by different doses of vitamin E suggest the
      possibility of the brain cholinesterase activity disorders to a play a part in
      the development of neuro-muscular pathology in cases of the E vitamin deficiency.

PMID- 1210182
TI  - [Nutritional characteristics and the prevalence of obesity among individual
      groups of the population in the Ukrainian SSR].
AB  - The prevalence of adiposity and nutritional status among the working population
      of seven regions in the Ukrainian SSR (teachers, workers engaged in the chemical,
      metallurgical, textile, wood-working industries and in agriculture) were studied.
      Only 44 per cent of males and 25 per cent of females were found to be of normal
      weight. Some surplus weight had 21 per cent of men and 26 per cent of women, 9
      per cent of men and 21 per cent of women suffered from adiposity of the 1st
      degree and 2 per cent of males and 15 per cent of females had adiposity of the II
      degree. The nutrition of the obese was more rich in calories at the expense of
      bread-stuffs, potato, pure carbohydrates and some products of animal origin
      (fats). Overweight and obesity were observed more often among teachers of both
      sex and also among female-workers of cotton factories and smelters. The
      proportion of the patients with cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders
      was higher among the obese. These data witness the need for differentiation of
      nutritional standards depending upon the energy spent by the representatives of
      individual occupational groups of the population.

PMID- 1210183
TI  - [Effect of total fasting on testicular lipid fractions in rats].
AB  - Rats weighing 290 g each were fasting for 12 days with no changes occurring in
      the weight of the testicles, total lipids, phospholipids, di- and triglycerides
      content therein. The cholesterol ethers level increased by 53 per cent and in the
      composition of di- and triglycerides and the cholesterol ethers the relative
      content of high-molecular polyunsaturated fatty acids was going up, while the
      fatty acids composition of the phospholipids remained the same.

PMID- 1210184
TI  - [Characteristics of the nitrous substances in the meat of sharks and rays as a
      protein food raw material].
AB  - The nitrous composition of meat in 19 species of oceanic sharks and 2 species of
      rays were analyzed. The meat of these fish species was found to be characterized
      by a comparatively low protein content, whose amino acids composition proved
      relatively poor of essential amino acids. The meat of sharks and rays is
      distinguished by a high level of extractives, whose bulk includes urea and
      trimethylaminoxide.

PMID- 1210185
TI  - [Some natural immunity indices in mice against a background of varied fat and
      carbohydrate correlations in the diet].
AB  - In mice of the SWR, C3HA, CBA/j and non-inbred lines kept on diets with different
      combinations of carbohydrates and fats some characteristics of the natural
      immunity (phagocytic activity of leucocytes, bactericidal and lysozyme activity
      of the blood serum) were studied. It is shown that the proportions of the fatty
      and carbohydrate components in the diet is of a definite significance for the
      defensive forces of the organism.

PMID- 1210187
TI  - [Effectiveness of taking prophylactic nutritional measures at Soviet stations in
      Antarctica].
AB  - A protracted consumption of little-mineralized water, as well as deficiency of
      calcium salts in the food result in a change of a number of indicators on the
      level of the water and salt and mineral metabolism in the organism of polar
      explorers, this manifesting itself in a reduced content of calcium salts in the
      blood and urine, in a change of the bleeding and blood coagulation time, of
      diuresis and water intake, acid-base equilibrium and of specific weight of the
      urine. All these changes occur also against the background of an insufficient
      supply of a complex set of vitamins into the organism, this being due to the fact
      that the foodstuffs are delivered to the station but once a year, stored for a
      long time and then subjected to sulinary treatment. An additional active
      vitaminzation with increased doses of vitamins and mineralization of the food
      right from the first days of sojourn at the station made it possible to eliminate
      all the undesirable consequences and to narrow the range of the acclimatization
      shifts in the body of polar explorers exposed to extremely unfavourable
      conditions prevailing in the Antarctic.

PMID- 1210188
TI  - [Inexpediency of setting standards in meat products for the microflora that cause
      food poisonings].

PMID- 1210186
TI  - [Redistribution and toxic action of DDT deposited in the body].
AB  - In tests on Wistar male-rats the toxic action and redistribution of the DDT
      repository in the fatty tissue were investigated. For this purpose a DDT depot
      was built up by introducing DDT in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg for a period of 6 months,
      following which the rats were made to fast for 20 days, this securing the egress
      of DDT from the depot. Furthermore, some of the rats, once the depot had been
      built up, were for 1 month put on a ration containing 5 per cent of protein and
      then subjected to fasting for 20 days, this having been done in order to study
      the toxic effect of DDT against the background of a diet with a low protein
      content. It was found that the amount of DDT retained in the organs and tissues
      (omentum, liver, brain) investigated in the test rats did not exceed 10 per cent
      of the quantity that had been introduced at the time of building up the depot. At
      the time of fasting there was noted migration of DDT from the fat depot, it being
      the same both in the test and control animals. But DDT coming from the DDT
      repository entered the liver and brain only in the test animals, provoking
      changes in the activity of a number of enzymes in these organs. A low protein
      diet somewhat intensified these changes.

PMID- 1210189
TI  - [Seasonal changes in the makeup of cod oil].
AB  - The vitamin A activity and the quantitative correlation of individual fatty acids
      in the liver oil of Barenz Sca cod were investigated. Seasonal changes of its
      composition and nutritional value were educed. The vitamin A activity varies
      according to seasons by more than twice each way and the content of dominant
      acids undergoes material changes. The greatest nutritional value has been found
      to display the medicinal cod liver oil of the fish caught during the autumn and
      winter months and the least - of that caught in spring and summer.

PMID- 1210191
TI  - [Determination of trace amounts of cresol and diphenylolpropane used in the food
      industry].

PMID- 1210190
TI  - [Study of the tryptophan-hydroxyproline coefficient of the meat of animals of
      different species].
AB  - The ratio of triptophan/oxyproline in the longest spinal muscle of different
      animal species was studied. The examined characteristic feature of meat of
      different animal species and sex is not identical. A substantial influence on the
      variation of this feature exercises the content in the meat of the connective
      tissue proteins.

PMID- 1210192
TI  - [Determination of the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium content in food].

PMID- 1210193
TI  - [Extraction and luminescent method of determining mercury and rhodamine 3 C in
      chicken eggs].

PMID- 1210194
TI  - [The activity of glutathione-reductase and FAD-effect as indicators of the
      riboflavin level in experiments and in patients with phenylketonuria].
AB  - Subjects of discussion in the paper are various methods of determining the
      riboflavin allowances and the results achieved by the application of two of them
      that concern determining the activity of the glutathione-reductase and the FAD
      effect in the study of an experimental B2-deficiency in rats and the riboflavin
      allowances in children suffering from phenylketonuria. Exclusion of vitamin B2
      from the ration of rats resulted in that in 8 weeks they developed B2-deficiency
      ascertained with the help of the above cited enzymatic tests. In a certain
      percentage of children with phenylketonuria after discontinued administration of
      group "B" vitamins (D1 diet) there could be observed an intensification of the
      FAD-effect and, accordingly, a reduced glutathione-reductase activity. Resumed
      taking of the vitamins (D2 diet) normalized the riboflavin allowance values in at
      least, one week's time.

PMID- 1210195
TI  - [Retinylpalmitate-hydrolase activity of the intestine in experimental
      lambliasis].
AB  - The retinylpalmitate-hydrolase activity in the small intestine of healthy and
      lambliae infected rats was determined. Infection of rats with Giardia lambliae is
      shown to result in a fall of the retinylpalmiate-hydrase activity, which is
      restored, in part, on application of a specific therapy (0.1 g/kg of chinacrine)
      and then practically does not differ from that in healthy animals, when the
      specific therapy is employed in conjunction with an elevated dose of the vitamin
      "A" (2000 m. u. of retinyl-palmitate per day).

PMID- 1210197
TI  - [Excretion of end products of nitrogen metabolism in the urine in protein
      deficiency in man].

PMID- 1210196
TI  - [The effect of vitamins A and E on the amino acid composition of proteins in
      different segments of the brain in aged animals].
AB  - The amino acids protein composition was studied in different segments of the
      brain in young (1.5 month old) and old (23-months) rats. The research covered
      also a short-lived action of vitamins A and E on the amino acids protein
      composition in the brain of 23-months old rats. The levels of the glutamic,
      aspartic acids, lysine, serine, of the sum of valine+methionine was found to be
      down, whereas the content of other amino acids proved invariable. After vitamins
      A and E loads the glutamic and aspartic acids in the brain segments under
      investigation was found to be up. In individual segments the content of lysine,
      thyrosine, valine+methionine experienced a certain normalization.

PMID- 1210199
TI  - [Free amino acids in human blood serum during endogenous alimentation].
AB  - It has been ascertained that the blood serum of individuals fasting for 20 days
      demonstrates a sharply pronounced derangement in the proportions of amino acids,
      i. e. a manifestation of an endogenous amino acids imbalance. The most steep is
      the rise in the content of isoleucine, leucine and valine. These data may be used
      in considering issues concrened with an upset metabolism of amino acids under
      conditions of endogenous alimentation.

PMID- 1210198
TI  - [Determination of the activity of transketolase in erythrocytes in the study of
      the vitamin B-1 requirements of the population].

PMID- 1210200
TI  - [Clearance of endogenous creatinine and urea in pregnant women with late toxemia
      kept on a diet containing different amounts of protein].
AB  - Clearance of endogenous creatinine and urea was studied in 107 pregnant women at
      7-9th months of gestation suffering from late toxemia and kept on a diet with
      different protein content. Investigations showed that introduction of protein
      with meals at a rate of 1 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 2 g/kg of the body weight does not
      act adversely on the functional state of the kidneys.

PMID- 1210201
TI  - [Influence of riboflavin on xanthuria leveloping as a result of protein and
      choline deficiency].
AB  - In growing male-rats intensively excreting xanthuric acid under the effect of
      rations deficient in protein and choline the passage of riboflavin with urine was
      determined. A series of tests with deficient choline in conjunction with a well
      marked protein shortage revealed an intensive passage of riboflavin. On the other
      hand, a series of tests with deficient choline against the background of a
      moderate protein shortage failed to show any difference in the passage of
      riboflavin by test and control anomals. A single administration of 200 gamma of
      riboflavin to rats helped bring down elevated concentrations of xanthuric acid in
      the urine.

PMID- 1210202
TI  - [The effect of excess amounts of qualitatively differing fats on liver
      lipogenesis].
AB  - Tests conducted with rats receiving for 30 days isocaloric with control rations
      containing an elevated amount of animal or vegetable fats (lard, sunflower oil)
      demonstrated that the influence of the said fat-rich rations on the lipogenesis
      in the liver presents certain peculiarities that find their expression in a
      different intensity with which the components of the carbohydrate, fat and
      interstitial metabolism behave in reactions of the lipids synthesis. Both rations
      tend to slightly bring down the rate of the endogenous fatty acids formation but
      contribute to a more intensive synthesis of glycerides and fatty acids
      cholesterol ethers. The vegetable oils, where are prevalent polysaturated fatty
      acids, provoke an accelerated utilization of carbohydrates in the synthesis of
      the glycerin structure of glycerides and phospholipids, as well as of the
      palimitic acid metabolites and the C-2 fragments in the liver cholesterol
      synthesis.

PMID- 1210203
TI  - [Lipid metabolism in the far North aborigens residing in the Krasnoyarsk
      territory].
AB  - A study of the fat metabolism in the Extreme North aborigens, whose ration is
      made up chiefly of proteins and fats, demonstrated a decline of the most studied
      metabolic indices, as compared to those in inhabitants of the temperate
      geographical belt. Results of a fat load test speak in favour of the organism of
      the Transpolar aborigens adapting itself to the specific composition of the food
      ration in the course of ontogenetic development.

PMID- 1210204
TI  - [Vitamin B 1 and immunity: data and questions subject to further study (review of
      the literature)].

PMID- 1210205
TI  - [Immunosuppressive action of some pesticides under various conditions of animal
      nutrition].

PMID- 1210206
TI  - [Oxidative conversion of vitamin "A" in rats with different allowances of it].
AB  - The effects of vitamin "A" insufficiency and of its toxic doses on the activity
      of alcoholdehydrogenase oxidizing retinol and ethanol and on that of
      aldehydoxidase, oxidizing retinal in the liver, kidneys and small intestine of
      rats were studied. It is shown that in case of "A"-vitamin insufficiency are on
      the rise processes of oxidative transformation of retinol and retinal associated
      with an increased activity of alcoholdehydrogenase and aldehoxidase. Against the
      background of toxic doses of vitamin "A" THe activity of alcoholdehydrogenase in
      the organs under investigation is inhibited and that of aldhydoidase in the small
      intestine rises.

PMID- 1210208
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of veal and pork meat].

PMID- 1210207
TI  - [Experimental study of the action of some physical and chemical factors on the
      survival and propagation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in food products].
AB  - The paper presents data on the ability of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to survive and
      multiply under different conditions that may be encountered during storage and
      culinary treatment of food products. Investigations were effected in a nutrient
      medium and in alimentary products in which the survival terms of Vibrio
      parahaemolyticus. IV. Occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in sea mud and sea
      fish in Hawaii. - secure an almost complete suppression of the Vibrio
      parahaemolyticus viability. Af greatest epidemiological danger is secondary
      contamination of food products with Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

PMID- 1210209
TI  - [Hygienic study of a proteolytic preparation obtained from Actinomyces].
AB  - An enzymatic preparation rimoprotelin, obtained from Actinomyces rumosus was
      studied. The results of a microbiological control analysis showed the preparation
      to contain admixtures of oxytetracycline in an amoun of 950 Un/g. In a 9-months
      long test with albino rats the enzymatic preparation produced substantial
      interferences in the composition to the intestinal microflora and increased the
      incidence of bacterial cultures resistent to oxytetracycline. Morphological
      changes in the organs and tissues of the test animals, which were, apparently,
      conditioned by the presence of the antibiotic admixture in the preparation were
      revealed. This point to the need of a thorough purification of this enzymatic
      preparation from the oxytetracycline admixture and makes its use as a food
      additive in its original form imposssible.

PMID- 1210210
TI  - [Isolation of halphilic vibrios in marine fishes and fish products].
AB  - Examinations of 882 samples of newly caught, frozen, salted, sun-dried and smoked
      marine fish and of 50 samples of canned fish and preserves were conducted to
      study the contamination with halophil vibrios of the marine fish and fish
      products. The newly caught fish was found to be contaminated with Vibrio
      parahaemolyticus on the average in 28.6 per cent of the cases and with Vibrio
      alginolyitcus, on the average in 52.2 per cent of the instances. The Vibrio
      parahaemolyticus contamination of the marine fish during its processing and
      storage varied from 3.3 up to 21.7 per cent. The contamination of the fish was
      noted to be greatest in summer months. These microorganisms were not isolated in
      canned fish and preserves. In the course of research a total of 845 strains of
      halophil microorganisms were isolated, 240 of which were found to be similar to
      Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The properties of the cultures isolated were studied.

PMID- 1210211
TI  - [Evaluation of methods for protein-enriched rolls for children in the Hungarian
      Peoples' Republic].

PMID- 1210212
TI  - [The effect of parenteral administration of amino acids and their mixtures the
      secretory activity of the stomach].
AB  - Experiments on dogs with gastric fistula after Basov and Pavlov pouch
      demonstrated that introduction into the blood by the drip method of solutions of
      L-amino acids and their mixtures tends to induce gastric secretion. This effect
      is produced by nonessential acids somewhat more intensively than by essential
      ones. A complete mixture of amino acids yields the least secretory effect. Among
      individual amino acids under study, taken in isomolar quantities, the most
      intensive gastric secretion induce glycin, alanine and proline. The least active
      in this respect proved to be lysine.

PMID- 1210214
TI  - [Diet therapy of hereditary metabolic diseases (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1210213
TI  - [Biological value of dietary fats containing trans-isomers of non-saturated fatty
      acids].
AB  - Biological significance of transisomers of non-saturated fatty acids contained in
      glycerides was studied in experiments with growing albino rats. For 12-13 weeks
      the animals recieved food rations that included by calorific value 30 per cent of
      hydrogenated fats comprising different amounts of fatty acids transisomers. The
      available data showed the biological value of the hydrogenated fats to be
      determined chiefly by the presence therein of active linolic acid, without being
      correlated with the content of the fatty acids transisomers in them.

PMID- 1210215
TI  - [Differentiated diet therapy in chronic intestinal diseases with predominance of
      the dyskinetic constipations syndrome].
AB  - On the ground of clinical observations, studies on the motor-evacuatory functions
      of the gastro-intestinal tract and its regulation values in dynamics a
      differentiated dietotherapy and a special complex of exercise therapy have been
      devised for patients with chronic colites and enterites marked by predominance of
      constipation. Among basic principles of this dietotherapy were: the content of
      all nutrients corresponding to physiological standards with the amount of protein
      increased up to 135 g, creating conditions conducive to sparing of the stomach,
      pancreas, liver and biligenic organs through exclusion of strong stimulators of
      the digestive and bile secretion glands, of substrates irritating the liver,
      regulation of the motor-evacuatory function of the gastro-intestinal tract by a
      graded increase in the amount of cellular membranes, progressively rising
      parallel with weakening of the symptoms pointing to irritation of the gastro
      intestinal tract organs. The complex set of physical exercises included: those of
      general tonic and improving the prelum abdominale muscles tonicity, mechanically
      stimulating the motor function of the stomach and the intestines, periodically
      changing the intra-abdominal pressure, both upwards and downward.

PMID- 1210216
TI  - [Computer planning of average per capita requirements of the population in
      nutrients and energy].
AB  - The expediency, feasibility and effectiveness of employing computors for
      multivariant calculations of an average per capita requirement of the population
      in basic nutrients and energy are substantiated. The prodcedures involved in
      preparation of the initial information are described and the fundamental parts of
      the program elaborated in "fortran" language and tentatively tested with an "EC
      1020" type computor are discussed. The devised program may be adopted as a
      standard one.

PMID- 1210217
TI  - [Nutritional pattern of the "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Arctic expedition].
AB  - Data on the chemical composition, nutritional value and caloricity of food ration
      used by the "Komsomolskaya Pravda" expedition during ski marches in the Arctics
      are reported. The rations consisted chiefly of dehydrated products and weighed
      800-1000 g. The daily caloricity of the rations amounted to 3400 and 4400 great
      calories.

PMID- 1210218
TI  - [Amino acid composition of meat proteins in the Arctic reindeer].
AB  - Investigations have shown the proteins of the arctic venison to be of a high
      biological standard, since they contain all the essential amino acids. All the
      amino acids, except for tryptophan, were assayed with an automatic analyser,
      model HD-1200E, by following the generally accepted procedure afer an acid
      hydrolysis. Tryptophan was assayed after alkaline hydrolysis. A total of 17 amino
      acids were determined in the raw and cooked meat. The content of essential amino
      acids is as great as 50.7 per cent of the protein weight. Heat treatment does not
      have any essential effect on the content of amino acids. As regards their amino
      acids composition the proteins of the arctic vension stands close to that of the
      beef and horse-flesh proteins.

PMID- 1210219
TI  - [The effect of a high fat - low protein diet on the metabolism of some vitamins].

PMID- 1210220
TI  - [Fatty acid composition of the fat from marine and freshwater fish, marine
      invertebrates and mammals].

PMID- 1210222
TI  - [Iodine content of freshly harvested fruit of some sorts of peaches, apricots and
      grapes and in the same fruits after preservation].

PMID- 1210221
TI  - [Determination of residual amounts of phenoxy-alkane carboxylic acid (2,4-D, 2,4
      DM) herbicides in food products].

PMID- 1210223
TI  - [The effect of different types of food processing on the level of residual
      phosphororganic pesticides].

PMID- 1210224
TI  - [Activity of intestinal disaccharidases in human aging].
AB  - In 59 persons of advanced (60-74 years) and in 17 others of senile (75-89 years)
      age the activity of disaccharides in the small intestine was studied. In the past
      history of all the examinees no affections of the gastro-intestinal tract were
      recorded. As controls 26 healthy subjects aged 20-26 were examined. It was noted
      that the activity of maltase in the duodenal mucosa declined in advanced age and
      of maltase, lactase and saccharase - in senility. In jejunal mucosa the activity
      of maltase and lactase proved less active in persons of senile age. The reduced
      activity of intestinal disaccharides is attended by atrophy of the jejunal
      mucosa.

PMID- 1210225
TI  - Effects of shifts in hemoglobin-oxygen affinity during hypoxia.
AB  - To investigate the possibility that the influence of hemoglobin-oxygen affinity
      on tissue oxygenation may be reversed in severe hypoxia, 16 anesthetized rabbits
      with chronically-implanted tissue oxygen electrodes were ventilated with 12%
      oxygen and subjected to 100 ml exchange transfusions with high, low, or normal
      affinity rabbit blood. Despite the widely divergent in vivo P50 values produced,
      significant differences in tissue oxygen levels were not observed among the three
      groups following exchange transfusions. During subsequent normoxia, more complete
      recovery of tissue oxygen was apparent in the low affinity group. This study
      emphasizes the need for further definition of the influence of hemoglobin-oxygen
      affinity on the functions of individual organs.

PMID- 1210226
TI  - Cross-reactivity of monospecific anti-HL-A antisera.
AB  - 32 'monospecific' anti-HL-A alloantisera were absorbed in separate tests with
      platelets from a maximum of 56 different persons and examined for residual
      cytotoxicity against target lymphocytes from one or two unrelated persons having
      the homologous (or test) antigen. Of the 799 combinations in which platelts had
      the test antigen, 715 (90%) were specifically inhibited; of the 720 combinations
      in which platelets had the cross-reactive antigen(s) (but not the test antigen),
      417 (58%) were specifically cross-inhibited; and of the 1,839 combinations in
      which platelets had neither the homologous nor a discernable cross-reactive
      antigen, 133 (7%) were cross-inhibited 'nonspecifically'. Earlier findings of
      cross-reactivity were confirmed, and results suggested that HL-A1, HL-A10 and W30
      on platelets may cross-inhibit anti-HL-A2 antibodies; HL-A7 and W21 may cross
      inhibit anti-HL-A5 and anti-W5 antibodies; W16 may cross-inhibit anti-HL-A5
      antibodies; and W22 may cross-inhibit anti-HL-A13 antibodies.

PMID- 1210227
TI  - Differences in the immunogenicity of the HL-A antigens.
AB  - Comparing the expected and observed HL-A antibody forming in condition of
      fetomaternal immunization in 184 pregnant women, some differences in the
      immunogenic strength of HL-A antigens were investigated. The HL-A antigens were
      graded in three groups in accordance with their coefficient of immunogenicity as
      follows: in first group, with a coefficient more than 50 are HL-A2, HL-A7, HL-A5,
      W22, HL-A13, W27 and W10; in second group, with a coefficient from 25 to 50 are
      HL-A1, W24, HL-A11, W5, W14 and HL-A12; and in the third group, with a
      coefficient less than 25 are HL-A3, W25 and HL-A8. The data about the other HL-A
      antigens are not significant.

PMID- 1210228
TI  - Cell electrophoretic, membrane sialic acid and quantitative hemagglutination
      studies on some MN variants.
AB  - The group of conditions exhibiting diminished MN antigenicity, increased saline
      agglutinability, decreased electrophoretic mobility and reduced membrane content
      of sialic acid includes enzyme-treated cells, the hereditary MNSs variants Mk and
      Mg, En(a-) and the acquired condition of persistent mixed-field
      polyagglutinability. Here we report our studies on the above serological,
      chemical and biophysical properties of Mg, Mk and EnaEn? CELLS AND ON TWO
      ADDITIONAL HEREDItary variants, Miltenberger III and V, (Mi-III and Mi-V). The
      latter clearly fits into this group of conditions. On the other hand, Mi-III
      shows its kinship to the broad group of abnormalities of membrane glycophorin but
      it deviates from normal in the opposite direction. That is we find evidence of
      decreased saline agglutinability, increased electrophoretic mobility and of
      increased sialic acid content. Moreover, in the rare MsMi-III Mk phenotype, the
      opposing effects evident in the heterozygotes tend to balance out their serologic
      and physicochemical expressions in the double heterozygote.

PMID- 1210230
TI  - A1 weak B phenotypes found in two generations of a Romanian family: A1Bx versus
      cis AB complex.
AB  - Three 'A1 weak B' blood groups found in two generations of a Romanian family were
      studied with quantitative and thermodynamic assays in order to determine if they
      derive from 'A1Bx' or from 'cis AB' genotypes, what cannot be achieved by the
      genetics.

PMID- 1210229
TI  - Confirmation of K11 and K17 as alleles in the Kell blood group system.
AB  - Tests of three new unrelated K:-11 people and their relatives confirm that K11 is
      allelic to K17 (Wka) and belongs to the Kell system.

PMID- 1210231
TI  - Detection of immune anti-A and anti-B allo-antibodies with groupamatic system.
AB  - An inhibition technique using soluble AB group substances for screening of
      'immune' anti-A and anti-B allo-antibodies has been set up on Groupamatic. This
      screening is performed on all blood units of group O, A and B to be transfused.
      The ratio of potentially dangerous donors in case of non-isogroup transfusion is
      2.86% of the total number of screened donors. This detection is performed
      simultaneously with other immunohaematological and serological tests: ABO and Rh
      grouping, screening of irregular allo-antibodies, screening of syphilis.

PMID- 1210232
TI  - [Work organization in a regional department of public health].

PMID- 1210233
TI  - [Health resort treatment of residual manifestations of Botkin's disease and
      chronic hepatitis in association with ulcer disease].

PMID- 1210234
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of metastatic and primary cerebellar neoplasms].

PMID- 1210235
TI  - [Clinico-morphological parallels of aging of the skin and distal parts of the
      nerve trunks].

PMID- 1210236
TI  - [Role of copper metabolism disorders in the pathogenesis of bacterial eczema].

PMID- 1210237
TI  - [Liver function in patients with ichthyosis].

PMID- 1210238
TI  - [An improved neurological hammer].

PMID- 1210239
TI  - [Method of use of low-frequency impulse current].

PMID- 1210240
TI  - [Hydrophilic pads of electrodes from unwoven knitted-stitched material for
      galvanization and electrophoresis of drugs].

PMID- 1210241
TI  - [Certain manifestations of vascular dystonia in electrical welders].

PMID- 1210242
TI  - [Algesimetric examinations in vibration disease using the A.I. Vozhzhova's
      apparatus].

PMID- 1210243
TI  - [Effect of drinking water with different salt concentrations on the body].

PMID- 1210244
TI  - [State of the human immunobiological system during use of electrically heated
      clothing].

PMID- 1210245
TI  - [Changes of the nervous system as an early sign of fluorine poisoning].

PMID- 1210246
TI  - [Morphological changes of the thyroid gland in acute polychlorpinen poisoning].

PMID- 1210247
TI  - [Blood serum immunoglobulins in patients with acute and chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1210248
TI  - [Prophylactic measures on reducing radiculitis incidence at the Rozdol chemical
      mining plant].

PMID- 1210249
TI  - [Public health problems in the planning of social development of a work
      collective].

PMID- 1210250
TI  - [Modern treatment of acute pneumonia].

PMID- 1210251
TI  - [Histological and histochemical changes in the skeletal muscles and nerve fibers
      in persons who died of chronic inflammatory lung diseases].

PMID- 1210252
TI  - [Excretion of total 17-ketosteroids and their fractions by salivary glands in
      patients with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1210253
TI  - [Blood coagulation function of intact erythrocytes in hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1210254
TI  - [Gas composition of blood in middle aged and old patients with arterial
      hypertension in the course of hypotensive treatment].

PMID- 1210255
TI  - [Effect of chronic coronary insufficiency on the contractile function of the
      myocardium in patients with hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1210256
TI  - [Effect of hypotensive therapy on hemodynamics in middle-aged and old patients
      with arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1210257
TI  - [Echo- and rheoencephalographic data in cerebral hypertensive crises].

PMID- 1210258
TI  - [Medical libraries of Ukraine in the service of public health].

PMID- 1210260
TI  - [Cerebrovascular pathology in diffuse myocarditis].

PMID- 1210259
TI  - [Use of a micromethod for determination of blood triglyceride content in
      phenotyping of hyperlipoproteinemias].

PMID- 1210261
TI  - [Role of neuro-psychic factors in the development and course of acute myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 1210262
TI  - [Evaluation of the functional state of myocardium in the practice of medical
      industrial expertise of patients with infectious nonspecific polyarthritis].

PMID- 1210263
TI  - [Development of pyelonephritis during treatment with prednisolone].

PMID- 1210264
TI  - [Megacalicosis].

PMID- 1210265
TI  - [Roentgenological data in chronic pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1210266
TI  - [Indicators of iron metabolism in the body of patients with peptic ulcer after
      stomach resection].

PMID- 1210268
TI  - [Diagnosis of caseomas of mediastinal lymph nodes in adults].

PMID- 1210267
TI  - [Bile detergents in patients operated on for cancer and precancerous conditions
      of the stomach].

PMID- 1210269
TI  - [Study of gastric secretory function and aspiration biopsy].

PMID- 1210270
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis complicated by hyperglycemic coma].

PMID- 1210271
TI  - [Results of the use of cholevid for oral cholecystocholangiography].

PMID- 1210272
TI  - [Clinical importance of the indicator of neutrophil damage in chronic
      enterocolitis].

PMID- 1210273
TI  - [Early active detection of kidney diseases].

PMID- 1210274
TI  - [Ascorbic acid content in patients with brain neoplasms in the pre- and
      postoperative period].

PMID- 1210275
TI  - [Treatment of psoriasis with radon baths at Zhitomir Springs].

PMID- 1210276
TI  - [Therapeutic use of novocaine in middle and old age].

PMID- 1210278
TI  - [Sensitization treatment of alcoholism in the out-patient narcological practice].

PMID- 1210277
TI  - [Therapeutic-restorative measures in diskogenic lumbo-sacral radiculitis].

PMID- 1210279
TI  - [Roentgen semeiotics of fetal death].

PMID- 1210280
TI  - [Incidence of left-handedness and its anthropophysiological characteristics].

PMID- 1210281
TI  - [Nervous system changes in hypertensive disease and atherosclerosis in the
      workers of hot shops].

PMID- 1210283
TI  - [Isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase in diagnosis of viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1210282
TI  - [Clinical aspects of the effect of the meter-range electromagnetic field].

PMID- 1210284
TI  - [Clinico-morphological parallels in kidney calculi].

PMID- 1210285
TI  - [Serum hepatitis and ulcer disease].

PMID- 1210286
TI  - [Difficult diagnosis of a case of strongyloidiasis].

PMID- 1210287
TI  - [Evaluation of working conditions of district therapeutists].

PMID- 1210288
TI  - [Ambulatory treatment of patients with tuberculosis and diseases of the digestive
      organs].

PMID- 1210289
TI  - [Oxygen diffusion in the lungs of patients with hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1210290
TI  - [Importance of prognosis of the outcome of myocardial infarct for successful
      rehabilitation of patients].

PMID- 1210291
TI  - [Neurohumoral indicators of the activity of the sympathico-adrenal system in
      acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1210292
TI  - [Effect of heparin on certain biochemical and instrumental indicators in chronic
      ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1210293
TI  - [Certain mechanisms of disorder of contractile ability of the myocardium in
      patients with rheumatism].

PMID- 1210294
TI  - [Adequate values of the increased intraventricular pressure phase and its initial
      rate].

PMID- 1210295
TI  - [Role of the unity of indicators in evaluation of transient disorders of
      cerebrovascular circulation].

PMID- 1210296
TI  - [Diagnostic value of electroencephalography, rheoencephalography, and
      rheovasography in patients with acute disorders of cerebrovascular circulation].

PMID- 1210297
TI  - [Reactivity of the body in acute surgical diseases of the abdominal organs].

PMID- 1210298
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of healing of histamine-induced ulcers under the
      effect of desoxycorticosterone].

PMID- 1210299
TI  - [Separate study of renal function in diagnosis of renovascular hypertension].

PMID- 1210300
TI  - [Diagnostic value of infusion-drip cholecystocholangiography].

PMID- 1210301
TI  - [Effectiveness of the use of immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of chronic
      hepatitis and liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1210302
TI  - [Study of secretory function of the stomach in middle-aged and old patients].

PMID- 1210303
TI  - [Endocrine gastro-intestinal syndromes (dyshormonal digestive asthenia)].

PMID- 1210304
TI  - [Variants of the course of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1210306
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus as a clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1210305
TI  - [Treatment of diabetes mellitus with biguanides].

PMID- 1210308
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of complications of steroid therapy].

PMID- 1210309
TI  - [Characteristics of clinical course of diabetes mellitus in patients with
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1210307
TI  - [State of cerebrovascular circulation in diabetes mellitus according to
      rheoencephalographic data].

PMID- 1210311
TI  - [Functional-morphological parallels of the response reaction of the hypothalamo
      pituitary-adrenal system in prolonged hypokinesia].

PMID- 1210310
TI  - [Vitamin C requirement in patients with acute pneumonia during treatment with
      antibiotics].

PMID- 1210312
TI  - [Disability among agricultural machine operators due to respiratory tract
      diseases].

PMID- 1210313
TI  - [Post-traumatic intrapulmonary hematoma].

PMID- 1210314
TI  - [Hormone therapy of breast cancer].

PMID- 1210315
TI  - [Immunogenic activity of the influenza virus dependent on ne uraminidase
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The immunity of mice to challenge with influenza virus was studied after
      immunization with killed influenza vaccine. The results showed the resistance of
      the animals developing early after one and two intranasal vaccinations to depend
      not only upon the hemagglutinating properties of the vaccine but also upon its
      neuraminidase activity. When mice were immunized with a vaccine the neuraminidase
      of which was blocked with specific antibody or inactivated by heating and
      formalin, the protective effect against challenge with influenza virus decreased
      2-3-fold as compared to that of the vaccine possessing active neuraminidase.

PMID- 1210316
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of chicken fibroblasts infected with the Tyuleniy
      virus (author's transl)].
AB  - Uninfected and Tyuleniy virus-infected chick fibroblast cells were examined.
      Intracytoplasmic type A particles and immature type C particles of oncornavirus
      were found in uninfected cells. At 48 and 72 hours after inoculation of the cells
      with Tyuleniy virus a large number of mature C particles and virions of Tyuleniy
      virus were found in the cell cytoplasm. Possible relationships between A and C
      particles are discussed and a stimulating effect of Tyuleniy virus on mass
      maturation of C particles and their release from the cell is suggested.

PMID- 1210317
TI  - [Virus-specific syntheses in cells infected with the virions from standard and
      "defective" populations of the influenza virus (author's transl)].
AB  - The structure of influenza virus virions from the standard and "Magnus"
      populations as well as intracellular syntheses induced by them were studied.
      Virions of influenza virus were shown to be heterogeneous with respect to the set
      of fragments in them. This heterogeneity was more marked in virions of the
      "Magnus" population and consisted in a relatively greater deficiency of large
      fragments. A marked induction of light RNA fractions in the cell by defective
      influenza virus was demonstrated. Synthesis of protein and the polypeptide
      composition of virions were found to be similiar in standard and "Magnus"
      viruses.

PMID- 1210318
TI  - [Heterogeneity of an influenza virus population in the manifestation of
      biological functions (author's transl)].
AB  - In a population of influenza virus, virions have different degree of the
      functional capacities to produce infectious virus, to induce neuraminidase
      production and to interfere with infectious virus. Fractions of virus were found
      which had a poor capacity for production of infectious progeny and a relatively
      high induction of neuraminidase synthesis as well as induction of heterogenous
      light fractions of RNA in cells. In the population of defective virus a fraction
      of particles possessing marked interfering activity in the absence of infectivity
      was found.

PMID- 1210320
TI  - [The inhibiting action of superhigh-frequency millimeter waves on adenovirus
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Virological and biochemical analysis was employed for comparative studies of the
      content of protein in continuous cultures of human embryo kidney cells (RH line)
      infected with adenovirus type 1, intact and irradiated with electromagnetic waves
      of UHF in the range of 5 divided by 8 mm at the density of power current of the
      order of 4 mW. When the cells were inoculated with intact virus, a cytopatic
      effect, a decrease in the content of protein by 4 hours postinfection and further
      decrease up to 72 hrs were observed. After infection with irradiated adenovirus
      the development of the infectious process and associated changes in the protein
      content were observed only by 24 hours and then up to 72 hours there was a delay
      in the development of virus infection as compared with controls. The experimental
      data indicate different response of RH cells to infection with irradiated and
      intact adenovirus, namely, that UHF of the millimeter range (lambda=6.50 mm)
      exert a specific effect on the infectious activity of adenovirus as manifested by
      changes in cell metabolism after infection with irradiated virus.

PMID- 1210319
TI  - [Experimental study of an antirabies vaccine from sheep brain tissue inactivated
      by UV rays (author's transl)].
AB  - The optimal regimen of sheep brain rabies vaccine inactivation with UV rays has
      been developed. The immunogenic activity of 22 experimental lots of UV
      inactivated rabies vaccine was found to be considerably higher than that of
      commercial Fermi vaccine. The antigenic activity of the inactivated vaccine in
      animals was also high.

PMID- 1210321
TI  - [Editorial: Chronic viral diseases: human diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1210322
TI  - A need for change in the method of selection of students for admission to the
      Faculty of Medicine.

PMID- 1210323
TI  - An analysis of health problems of Commonwealth Caribbean countries and the
      priorities.

PMID- 1210324
TI  - The profile of family planning defaulters in a Barbadian general practice.

PMID- 1210325
TI  - Teenage pregnancy in Trinidad.

PMID- 1210326
TI  - Prognosis for extremely low birth weight babies in Jamaica.

PMID- 1210327
TI  - The possible relationship between cardiac glycogen levels, ouabain toxicity and
      the anti-arrhythmic effect of anacardium occidentale.

PMID- 1210328
TI  - Termination of hypertensive pregnancies with intra-amniotic urevert.

PMID- 1210329
TI  - Phencyclidine--states of acute intoxication and fatalities.
AB  - Phencyclidine is now one of the most frequently used main ingredients of "street
      drug" preparations. Its effects are highly dose dependent and three varieties of
      acute intoxication have been seen clinically associated with different dosages
      and routes of administration. Most persons using phencyclidine smoke it sprinkled
      on parsley in low doses. The presence of horizontal and vertical nystagmus
      associated with hypertension in a patient who is agitated or comatose are
      diagnostic of a phencyclidine intoxicated state. Sensory isolation and
      intravenous administration of diazepam in the event of seizure activity have
      proved effective in the treatment of acute intoxicated states. Phencyclidine has
      pronounced behavioral toxicity and several deaths due to this agent have now been
      documented. It is unknown whether seizure activity or respiratory depression is
      the primary cause of death in pharmacological overdoses.

PMID- 1210330
TI  - Xeromammography in the early detection of breast cancer. Community hospital
      experience and approach.
AB  - Community hospitals can do much in the general effort toward earlier detection of
      breast cancer. Using xeromammography in the department of general radiology of
      one community hospital, 21 cases of occult carcinoma were detected in 2,392
      patients in a two year period. Patients were both symptomatic and asymptomatic.
      This percentage is comparable to results in previously published series of
      similar patient populations, and can be expected to be slightly higher than
      screening populations of totally asymptomatic patients. In 24 percent of cases of
      occult carcinoma there was axillary node involvement, compared with 42 percent
      axillary node involvement in cases of nonoccult carcinoma. Early detection
      efforts are currently centered on improving thoroughness in physical
      examinations, stressing breast self-examination and identifying patients in high
      risk categories. These, together with proper periodic use of mammograms, will
      yield the highest rate of early carcinoma detection until more sensitive biologic
      markers are developed.

PMID- 1210331
TI  - Principles of drug therapy in patients with renal disease.
AB  - Patients with reduced renal function commonly require drug therapy for various
      associated conditions. Most drugs are fully or partially excreted by the kidney;
      therefore, drug dosage regimens often need to be adjusted in order to provide
      safe yet effective treatment for patients with renal disease. In addition,
      certain therapeutic agents have potential nephrotoxicity and pharmacologic
      actions that may jeopardize already compromised renal function. Understanding of
      drug pharmacology, the therapeutic dose and the speed of drug elimination in a
      given patient will lead to correct assessment of the drug regimen.

PMID- 1210332
TI  - Editorials: Rational drug therapy in patients with renal disease.

PMID- 1210333
TI  - Editorials: Is obesity a surgical disease?

PMID- 1210334
TI  - Acute eosinophilic leukemia associated with neutropenia.

PMID- 1210335
TI  - Demand pacemaker for refractory atrial tachycardia in a patient with aortic
      regurgitation.

PMID- 1210337
TI  - Guidelines for the interview and examinations of alleged rape victims.
AB  - A conjoint effort of the Committee on Evolving Trends in Society Affecting Life,
      and the Advisory Panels of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pathology, and Psychiatry
      of the Scientific Board of the California Medical Association.

PMID- 1210336
TI  - Phenothiazine induced ventricular tachycardia.

PMID- 1210338
TI  - [Retroperitoneal lymphoid cyst connected to the adrenal glands].

PMID- 1210339
TI  - [Study of the immunoglobulins of a patient group from West Cameroon by means of
      thin layer starch gel electrophoresis].

PMID- 1210340
TI  - Editorial: Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis: a tropical noncirrhosis.

PMID- 1210341
TI  - Positive inotropic action of insulin on piglet heart.
AB  - This study was designed to investigate changes in cardiac performance during
      hypoglycemia produced by the administration of insulin in the newborn piglet.
      With heart rate, aortic pressure, and aortic flow held constant, the treated
      group demonstrated a pronounced positive inotropic response manifested by an
      increase of dP/dt max to 138% of control values. Central nervous system function
      and beta adrenergic activity were excluded from the preparation by ligation of
      the brachiocephalic vessels and administration of practolol. For reasons
      discussed, it is unlikely that the findings can be ascribed to glucagon
      contamination. Therefore, the increase in contractility presumably resulted from
      a direct effect of insulin upon the myocardium. Clinical and laboratory data
      suggest that the resistance of the neonate to hypoxia is modified by glycogen
      stores. Insulin is known to increase glycogen synthesis, and this effect might be
      expected to augment myocardial resistance to hypoxia. Under the conditions of
      these experiments, however, pretreatment with insulin had no demonstrable
      influence on the rate of deterioration of cardiac function during hypoxia. The
      mechanism of cardiac stimulation by insulin is unknown but may involve calcium
      fluxes.

PMID- 1210342
TI  - Pregnancy and the syndrome of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc; an
      epidemiological study.
AB  - In a study of the epidemiology of acute herniated lumbar intervertebral discs in
      the New Haven, Connecticut, area, it was found that the female cases had had more
      pregnancies resulting in live births than women of similar age without known
      herniated discs. However, cases had not had more pregnancies resulting in
      miscarriages than other women of their age. Among women who underwent surgery for
      their herniated discs, the association between number of live births and
      herniated discs was found for women with herniations at the L5 level but not for
      women with herniations at the L3 level.

PMID- 1210344
TI  - The current status of the melanoma problem.

PMID- 1210345
TI  - Clinical appearance of cutaneous melanomas.

PMID- 1210346
TI  - Histopathology of melanoma.

PMID- 1210347
TI  - The surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma.

PMID- 1210343
TI  - Tetracyclines and mineralized tissues: review and perspectives.

PMID- 1210349
TI  - Commentary: Research grants: advice to applicants.

PMID- 1210348
TI  - Travel notes: a Liberian medical experience.

PMID- 1210350
TI  - [Effect of terrazol on the ultrastructure of Mucor mucedo].
AB  - Terrazol, a systemic fungicide showing high specifity to oomycetes, inhibits the
      apical growth of hyphae and promotes at lower concentrations the thickening of
      the cell wall in Mucor mucedo. As revealed by ultrastructural analysis,
      particularly the fine structure of some membrane systems is influenced. In the
      first place the inner membrane of the mitochondria is attacked leading to a
      complete lysis of mitochondria. However, the sensitivities within a given
      population are different. The plasmalemma enlarges, forms several invaginations,
      partly redraws from the cell wall, but remains intact. Only after an extensive
      treatment with relatively high concentrations of terrazol the nuclear envelope
      shows vesicles between the double membranes. The mechanism of action of terrazol
      is discussed.

PMID- 1210351
TI  - [Determination of protein in streptomycetes by means of bromphenol blue].

PMID- 1210352
TI  - [The interpretation of the redox potential of biological objects. VII.
      Determination with various platinum electrodes in electrodes in electrolyte
      solutions].

PMID- 1210353
TI  - [Protein crystals and tubuli bundles in yeast cells. II. Isolation, biochemical
      and electron microscopical characterization].
AB  - A purified fraction of crystals stabilized with Cd2+ is prepared from
      Saccharomyces carlsbergensis protoplasts by means of differential centrifugation.
      As proved by negative staining the crystals are hexagonal with well preserved
      surface which in its turn also reveals a hexagonal fine structure. Crystals are
      digestible by pronase (1 mg/m) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The molecular weight
      of protein subunits is 38000+/-300D. Amino acid composition of the crude crystal
      protein is similar to that of microtubular protein (MTP) from brain and sperm,
      except that lysin content is much higher. The crystal protein exhibits more
      differences, however, after purification by preparative gel electrophoresis. The
      level of glycine, alamine, and valine is increased, whereas that of glutamic acid
      is decreased.

PMID- 1210354
TI  - [Metabolism of respiration and fermentation of Candida tropicalis Berkout].

PMID- 1210355
TI  - Iron bacteria of the genus Siderocapsa in mineral waters.
AB  - The occurrence of iron bacteria in mineral waters has been under study. It could
      be shown that Siderocapsa caronata Redlinger 1931 and S. treubii Molisch 1909 are
      synonymous, as well as S. eusphaera Skuja 1948 and S. major Molisch 1909, and S.
      botryoides Berger 1949 and S. monoica 1922. Two new species, S. hexagonata and S.
      quadrata, have been described. A simplified key for determining the species of
      the genus Sideracapsa is presented.

PMID- 1210356
TI  - [A rapid serial determination of protein in nondisintegrated microorganisms and
      other cell suspensions by means of bromphenol blue].

PMID- 1210357
TI  - [Steroid-transforming enzymes from microorganisms. I. Production and purification
      of delta 4-3-ketosteroid-5 alpha-reductase from Mycobacterium smegmatis].

PMID- 1210358
TI  - [Environmental problems with special reference to the technical-hygienic
      environmental protection].

PMID- 1210360
TI  - [The primary and secondary aldosteronism in hypertension].

PMID- 1210359
TI  - [Topical treatment of edema and hematoma in the surgical practice].

PMID- 1210361
TI  - [Dangers in drug therapy of Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 1210363
TI  - [Esophago-gastro-bulboscopy].

PMID- 1210362
TI  - [Conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 1210364
TI  - [Aspiration biopsy of the small intestine].

PMID- 1210365
TI  - [The endocopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography].

PMID- 1210366
TI  - [Coloscopy. Indications, contraindications, results].

PMID- 1210368
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of frequent proctologic diseases].

PMID- 1210367
TI  - [Rectoscopy. Indications, results and limitations of a method].

PMID- 1210369
TI  - [Local treatment of bacterial infections in surgical ambulatory practice using
      Fucidine-gel].

PMID- 1210370
TI  - [Realization of principles and measures for the improvement of medical, social
      and cultural care for senior citizens and for the advancement of their increased
      participation in social life].

PMID- 1210371
TI  - [Aspects of representing trade union interests in the care for senior citizens].

PMID- 1210372
TI  - Morbidity analysis of 290 hospitalized aged patients with hipproximal femoral
      fractures.

PMID- 1210373
TI  - Industrial bone fluorosis and problems of osteoporosis therapy using fluoride.

PMID- 1210375
TI  - [Epidemiological relations between physical activity, occupation and age of obese
      persons].

PMID- 1210374
TI  - [Detection of age-dependent differences of cellular immunity using the
      dinitrochlorbenzeme epicutaneous test].

PMID- 1210376
TI  - [Medico-sociological studies on aged pensioners in a large city].

PMID- 1210377
TI  - [Method for the rapid determination of cerebral ischemia. Example of an universal
      therapeutic principle for the mitigation of local blood circulation disorders].

PMID- 1210378
TI  - Loneliness and old age.

PMID- 1210379
TI  - [Oxygen comsumption of tissues and its influence values in the elderly and the
      aged].

PMID- 1210380
TI  - [Chronic pancreatitis under modern therapeutic, prognostic and geriatric
      aspects].

PMID- 1210381
TI  - Gerontology and geriatrics in the Netherlands. Some biological and medical
      aspects.

PMID- 1210382
TI  - [Pathways for the preservation of the intellectually creative effectiveness into
      old age].

PMID- 1210383
TI  - Long term effects of chondroitin sulphates A and C on atherosclerotic subjects.

PMID- 1210384
TI  - [The effect of a Czechoslowak geriatric drug on the blood vitamin level].

PMID- 1210385
TI  - [Studies on diabetes mellitus in old age. I].

PMID- 1210386
TI  - [Experiences with day care of older citizens in need of care].

PMID- 1210387
TI  - [Complex care of senior citizens].

PMID- 1210388
TI  - [Erythrocyte count before and after iron medication in children between the ages
      of 2 and 4 adenoid vegetations].

PMID- 1210389
TI  - [Surgery of primary varicose veins].

PMID- 1210390
TI  - [Single and multiple stones in gallbladder perforation].

PMID- 1210391
TI  - [A simple method of double contrast examintaion of the stomach].

PMID- 1210392
TI  - [Standardized prescription glycoside: results of prescription analysis and
      clinical observations (glycoside intoxication)].

PMID- 1210393
TI  - [Anesthesia of the tympanic membrane].

PMID- 1210394
TI  - [Pathogenesis and clinical aspects of myocarditis].

PMID- 1210395
TI  - [Olive spray aspiration by a Macintosh larynx sprayer with flexible atomizer].

PMID- 1210396
TI  - [Blood supply measurement of the extremities, estimation of microcirculation and
      heart circulation screening with an occluded vein plethysmographic method. III.
      Instructions for occluded vein plethysmography investigations].

PMID- 1210397
TI  - [Twilight state after slight skull injury or isolated traumatic amnesia].

PMID- 1210398
TI  - [Experiences in a nephrological dispensatory care].

PMID- 1210399
TI  - [Importance of vesico-renal reflux in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections].

PMID- 1210401
TI  - [Behavior disorders in childhood, their causes, symptoms and therapy].

PMID- 1210400
TI  - [Urinary calculi in childhood from the urological point of view].

PMID- 1210402
TI  - [Phthiriasis palpebrarum].

PMID- 1210403
TI  - [Studies on ambulatory patients with uric arthritis].

PMID- 1210404
TI  - [Relationship between sound- and speech-hearing capacity in acoustic trauma
      patients].

PMID- 1210405
TI  - [Investigations of chronic bronchitis and bronchial obstruction in miners].
AB  - 655 ore miners were investigated for detection of a chronic bronchitis, of
      difficulty in breathing and bronchial obstruction. Dependent on age and period of
      occupational life there was observed an increase in frequency of abnormal
      findings. Smoking cigarettes must be considered as a important cause of
      development of these diseases. On the other hand the importance of occupational
      influences recedes on conditions that the labour hygiene norms are observed.

PMID- 1210406
TI  - [Bronchial obstruction and bronchial hyperreactivity as a cause of difficulty in
      breathing that depends on burden and weather].
AB  - 356 male patients (non-suffering from the lungs, recidivity-bronchitis or chronic
      bronchitis) were interrogated about the presence of difficulty in breathing that
      depends on burden and weather, and these patients were investigated for detection
      of a bronchial obstruction and a bronchial hyperreactivity. With the increased
      degree of a manifest bronchial obstruction a high-significant increase in
      frequency of load-dyspnea was demonstrated. On the other hand a significant
      increase of difficulty in breathing that depends on weather can be obtained only
      in patients with bronchial hyperreactivity. To estimate more differentiated the
      difficulty in breathing about which the patients pointed out, an investigation by
      means of the acetylcholine test is necessary.

PMID- 1210407
TI  - [Thoracic radiography after combined resections of the bronchi and pulmonary
      artery with autoplastic vascular sealing. (experimental investigations)].
AB  - Changes of the X-ray picture after combined resection of the bronchus and the
      pulmonary artery in the animal experiment are involved by reason of topographic
      anatomical alterations of the intra-thoracic conditions caused by the resection
      of two lobes of the lung (bilobectomy). Mediastinal hernias and distortions are
      most common among the alterations. In the animal experiments the circular
      resection of the bronchus with end-to-end anastomosis does not lead to any
      stenosis in the area of the anastomosis, neither are found bronchitis deformans
      and bronchiectasis. After plastic sealing of the arterial defect with a venous
      Autograft, a good function of the artery can be revealed by angiography.
      Deformities and stenosis cannot be found in the area of the Autograft if the
      postoperative course was uncomplicated.

PMID- 1210408
TI  - [Respiratory diseases due to noxious agents in agriculture workers].
AB  - Better working and living conditions resulted by scientific technical revolution
      in agriculture. Nevertheless specialization of agricultural labor created a
      higher risk against inhalative hazards among few professions. Among biological
      hazards that are for instant zoonoses and ornithosis, Q-fever, tularemia and
      tuberculosis. A series of allergenic dusts is of vegetable origin. Among chemical
      hazards pesticides, fertilizers and disinfectants and other hazards are
      discussed. Among physical hazards in building and in repair shops for
      agricultural machines single risk is possible by silicosis and asbestosis but
      dominating are unspecific dusts.

PMID- 1210409
TI  - [Laryngotracheoscopic findings before and after closure of a sewed-up
      tracheostoma in children with special regards to functional results. IIIrd
      communication (author's transl)].
AB  - 13 children of all age groups, suffering from a respiratory insufficiency, and
      treated with a sewed-up-tracheostoma, were examined by tracheoscopies in regular
      intervals. The patients were followed up for at least two years and six months.
      46 bronchoscopies were performed. Very quick epithelization of the transplantate
      with two typical forms of the transplantate could be found: development of a pad,
      and a prolaps of the transplantate. The development of a pad could be considered
      as the more favourable form with regard to the pulmonary function. The
      bronchological and roentgenological follow-up-examinations revealed good
      functional results in all cases except one.

PMID- 1210410
TI  - Lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the lung associated with active tuberculosis.
AB  - A case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis (L. G.) of the lung is presented. The
      disease had a short course and caused a massive infiltration of the lung with
      cardiopulmonary decompensation. In addition to LG patient had tuberculosis. The
      pathogenetic relationship between LG and tuberculosis is shortly discussed.

PMID- 1210411
TI  - [Causes of outpatient dropouts in the dispensary care of a chest clinic (author's
      transl)].
AB  - An investigation was made to point out, why 397 of total 2773 patients with 5524
      consultations failed the fixed next consultation. 29 patients had died meanwhile.
      A special invitation was necessary in 368 (= 13%) of 2744 patients. The further
      behaviour of these patients after suitable advice and the importance of the
      diagnosis of their diseases in this connection were investigated. Failing of the
      patients can be diminished by systematical instructions.

PMID- 1210412
TI  - [Proposals for inhalation therapy with ultrasonic nebulizers (author's transl)].
AB  - With aerosols active substances (drugs) can be transported for treatment. Their
      effect depends on the choice of apparata, the drugs used, and the procedure of
      inhalation. The use of electronic nebulizers is effective because a sufficient
      volume of liquid substances can be nebulized by this way. Bronchospasmolytics,
      secretolytics, antiphlogistics, and antibiotics may be used. The right connexion
      of the patient, who should inhale in a closed system is important for an
      effective treatment. The patient is exposed to some hazards by contamination with
      inhaled bacteria, by hyperventilation, bronchospasm and by allergic reactions.

PMID- 1210413
TI  - [Basis for dietetic treatment of idiopathic hyperlipidemias].

PMID- 1210414
TI  - [Proteins from hydrocarbon fermentation].
AB  - The research work for the culture of yeasts on hydrocarbon substrates has started
      in 1959 at the research laboratory of Lavera in France, under Champagnat as
      leader. Its result is the construction and exploitation of 2 industrial plants in
      France and England, and a new big one is being built in Italy. The paper
      describes the various hydrocarbon substrates in use or proposed, and the two BP
      processes. It gives the main characteristics of the yeasts produced. It
      emphasizes the methods used for the evaluation of the yeasts both toxicologically
      and nutritionally by independent organizations of international level. A number
      of tables are given upon the nutritional performances of the yeasts on farm
      animals. Authorizations of use have been obtained from the hygiene authorities of
      the main European countries. The use for human consumption is now being
      considered.

PMID- 1210415
TI  - [The microbial flora in the digestive tract of the monogastric and its effect on
      the nutritional metabolism of the host].
AB  - The purpose of the present article is to give a survey of present knowledge of
      the ecological relationships between the various bacterial populations composing
      the microflora of the digestive tract of the host animal. Analysis of the
      relationships can be made with the aid of recent techniques: utilization of
      axenic animals (germ-free) and of gnotoxenic animals inoculated with known
      bacterial populations; perfecting of bacteriological techniques for the
      quantitative differential analysis of the various bacterial populations in the
      digestive tract, especially in the case of strictly anaerobic species. Some
      characteristics of the equilibrium between the various bacterial populations in
      the different segments of the gastro-intestinal tract have been described as well
      as some of the mechanisms which regulate this equilibrium. These mechanisms
      either imply interactions between bacteria or the action of the host animal and
      the environment on the microflora. Lastly, various examples concerning the action
      of the microflora in the digestive tract on the nutritional physiology of the
      host animal are given; action on the anatomy of the digestive tract and on the
      metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and vitamins.

PMID- 1210416
TI  - [The triglycerides with medium chains].
AB  - Medium chain triglycerides (MCT) (fatty acids with 6-12 C) are absorbed more
      quickly than long chain triglycerides. Medium chain fatty acids are not
      incorporated into hepatic triglycerides, but oxidized. If MCT are given alone,
      they stimulate ketogenesis. Nevertheless MCT are of great interest in the diet of
      numerous affections of the digestive tract. When long chain triglycerides are not
      tolerated, MCT can replace them with efficiency.

PMID- 1210418
TI  - [Methodology of hygienic evaluation of the combined and complex effects of
      environmental factors].

PMID- 1210417
TI  - [Carbohydrate regulation in hyperlipoproteinemia].

PMID- 1210419
TI  - [The impairment of health by dustlike emissions].

PMID- 1210420
TI  - [Nickel as a factor in environmental pollution].

PMID- 1210421
TI  - [Study of the mechanism of cancerogenesis for community hygienic prophylaxis].

PMID- 1210422
TI  - [Problems in the hygienic evaluation of flowing waters].

PMID- 1210423
TI  - [Studies on the ratio of free sulfuric acid to sulfur dioxide in the air of large
      cities].

PMID- 1210425
TI  - [Studies on the climate in schools].

PMID- 1210426
TI  - [Studies on questions of hygiene in hotels and other overnight lodgings].

PMID- 1210424
TI  - [The elimination of exogenous helminthic stages from the communal sewage by
      various sewage elimination technics].

PMID- 1210427
TI  - [Hygieneic problems in the spreading and utilization of semi-liquid manure].

PMID- 1210428
TI  - [Cadmium contamination of foodstuffs].

PMID- 1210429
TI  - [The nutritional hygienic state of school meals and possibilities for their
      improvement].

PMID- 1210430
TI  - [Antisepsis--concepts, aims and application].

PMID- 1210431
TI  - [The content of tetanus antitoxins in children's serum].

PMID- 1210432
TI  - [Paratyphoid epidemic due to a damage in the drinking water system].

PMID- 1210433
TI  - [Contribution to the consolidation of a large scale poultry farm (fresh egg
      industry) from a human and veterinary hygienic viewpoint].

PMID- 1210434
TI  - [Cerebral Taenia solium cysticercosis in the dog].

PMID- 1210436
TI  - [The epidemiological significance of density of occupancy in housing].

PMID- 1210435
TI  - [The occurrence of mumps according to community size in a selected district].

PMID- 1210437
TI  - [Women's status in the socialist society of the DDR].

PMID- 1210438
TI  - [Occupational health and sociological prerequisites for the health of the working
      women].

PMID- 1210439
TI  - [The effect of radiation exposure on the health of the working woman].

PMID- 1210440
TI  - [Problems with the layout of working places with reference to the anthropometric
      and physiological conditions of women].

PMID- 1210441
TI  - [Occupation and miscarriage].

PMID- 1210442
TI  - [The effect of various noxious chemicals on the health and efficiency of the
      working woman].

PMID- 1210443
TI  - [The effect of occupational factors on gynecological morbidity and fitness].

PMID- 1210444
TI  - [Social differences in the health behavior of women in urban and rural areas].

PMID- 1210445
TI  - [Birth control and social environment].

PMID- 1210446
TI  - [Selected problems concerning ideas of future career and family development among
      female nursing students at a medical school].

PMID- 1210447
TI  - [Drug dependence in working women].

PMID- 1210448
TI  - [The influence of the employment of mothers on school performance of their
      children].

PMID- 1210449
TI  - [Problems of working mothers whose children are cared for in a creche].

PMID- 1210450
TI  - [The development of children brought up in creches as dependent on their mothers'
      qualifications].

PMID- 1210451
TI  - [A study on the situation concerning the demands on 2d-graders attending after
      school facilities].

PMID- 1210452
TI  - [Screening and early diagnosis of disorders of the arterial blood supply].
AB  - After a short reference to the significance of the screening examinations and
      early diagnosis for the secondary prevention in disease of the heart and the
      circulatory system the authors give a survey on the methods of screening
      examinations and the early diagnosis bening at disposal nowadays in organic
      disturbances of the arterial bloods supply. Anamnestic, clinical and paraclinical
      methods are cited, in which cases the paraclinical methods are subdivided into
      haemostasiological, haemodynamic and biochemical examinations.

PMID- 1210453
TI  - [Multiple serial examinations by means of rapid tests in Brandenburg 1974].
AB  - In 1974 5,129 inhabitants of Brandenburg took part in a multiphaseal screening
      which with the help of a combination from anamnestic, clinical and biochemical
      parameters simultaneously with the mass miniature radiography led to the
      detection of disturbances of heart and circulatory system, diseases of the
      kidneys and urinary passage, liver diseases, diabetes and anaemias. The approach
      as well as the results of these methods which are suitable as action as well as
      basic examination (internal medicine, general medicine, occupational medicine)
      are described.

PMID- 1210454
TI  - [Mechanocardiography as a screening method in chronic ischemic heart disease].
AB  - On 121 patients with ischaemic heart disease mechanocardiographic examinations
      were carried out on conditions of rest and partly under conditions of ergometric
      load and were compared with a group of healthy persons. It was shown that in the
      patients with ischaemic heart disease there appeared a significant shortening of
      the ejection time (LVETk), prolongation of the frequency-corrected preejection
      time (PEPk) as well as of the isovolometric contraction time (ICT and ICTk), an
      enlargement of the quotient (see article) and reduction of (see article) in rest.
      Under load the differences between healthy persons and patients with ischaemic
      heart disease became more clearly with regard to the quotients (see article) as
      well as (see article) and proved as favourable for the judgment of the
      cardiomechanics. With the help of the above mentioned mechanocardiographic
      parameters in connection with the usual diagnostic methods according to our
      opinion patients with ischaemic heart disease may be diagnosed for the greatest
      part.

PMID- 1210456
TI  - [Anamnesis as a screening method for cardiovascular diseases].
AB  - In general the anamnesis meets all requirements which are put to a screening
      method; however, special problems arise when the anamnesis is made by means of a
      questionnaire. The team which gives the report had projected a questionnaire for
      8 cardiovascular groups of diagnosis (ischaemic heart disease, hypertension,
      functional, inflammatory and pulmonary heart disease, disturbances of the
      peripheral arterial blood supply, cerebrovascular insufficiency and venous
      diseases). This questionnaire was reduced and qualified and tested on test
      persons of a Berlin enterprise. A final judgment concerning the use of the
      anamnesis as screening method cannot be given at present. However, it limns
      oneself already that it is possible with its help to establish many endangered
      persons and patients and to subject them to the primary and secondary prevention.

PMID- 1210455
TI  - [Comparison of various screening methods for the diagnosis of chronic ischemic
      heart disease].
AB  - The screening phase of a multifactorial intervention study which is carried out
      under the direction of the WHO and the aim of which is the influence on mild
      forms of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and slightly disturbed glucose
      tolerance was supplemented by an electrocardiogram after work under the
      conditions of screening. The questionnaire contained in the investigation program
      for the statistical establishment of a typical angina pectoris after work
      according to Rose and the modified electrocardiographic test after work were
      tested concerning their evidence in the early recognition of a coronary
      sclerosis. As reference test served the Watt-step-test recommended by a group of
      experts of the WHO. An extensive correlation between screening after work and
      Watt-step-test was found. Questionnaire according to Rose and gradual load,
      however, had a smaller correspondence. The result of other investigations was
      that the distribution of the factors of risk does not give any clear reference to
      the existence of a latent coronary insufficiency.

PMID- 1210457
TI  - [Hyperthyreosis and calcium metabolism].
AB  - The author adopts a definite attitude to problems of the influence of the
      activated thyroid gland on the calcium metabolism and on the parathyroidal
      adaptivity. Own clinical findings plead for indirect thyro-parathyroidal
      correlations. On certain conditions hyperthroidism induces a hypercalcuria
      leading to functional hyperparathyroidism. The possible clinical sequelae are
      discussed, taking especially into consideration the simultaneous
      hyperparathyroidism. The hyperthyroid hypercalcaemia may be a concomitant
      phenomenon, but may also indicate a coincident and adenomatous
      hyperparathyroidism. This recognition contains important diagnostic and
      therapeutic consequences, which are demonstrated in detail.

PMID- 1210458
TI  - [The significance of histological findings for the final clinical evaluation in
      acute viral hepatitis].
AB  - Clinical and morphological findings of 406 patients who fell ill from a virus
      hepatitis were established according to the data and statistically evaluated to
      find relations between clinical, serochemical and histological criteria. The
      results were tested statistically. Clinical and paraclinical findings at the end
      of the hospital treatment give no evidence concerning the histological degree of
      cure of the acute virus hepatitis. In normalised clinical and serochemical
      findings we could morphologically prove an acute hepatitis still in 27.4%.
      Anamnestic data and severity of the clinical course have no relation to the
      histological diagnosis at the end of the hospital treatment with clinical and
      serochemical recovery. Therefore, at the end of the hospital treatment we
      recommend the liver biopsy as final examination. The most favourable date of the
      liver biopsy would, however, be between the 6th and 12th week after discharge.

PMID- 1210459
TI  - [The spontaneous mediastinal and skin emphysema].
AB  - A report is given on four patients with spontaneous mediastinal and skin
      emphysema. In three cases younger patients from 14 to 21 years were concerned, in
      the fourth case a 63-year-old patient was concerned. Two of the younger patients
      revealed a long lasting malnutrition. As favouring or triggering factor,
      respectively, for the pathogenesis of the mediastinal emphysema in accordance
      with Macklin an increase of the intrathoracic pressure by retching, pressing or
      vomiting is regarded. Apart from this a vasoconstriction of the alveolar vessels
      (due to decrease of the plasma volume) and nutritional disease might be of
      importance. In all patients the mediastinal and skin emphysema receded under
      symptomatic therapeutic measures within some days.

PMID- 1210461
TI  - [Demonstration of a non-invasive measurement of the heart minute volume].
AB  - With the help of a rapidly indicating oxygen gas analyser and the additional use
      of the rerespiration of a gas mixture, containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide, we
      succeed in analysing the partial oxygen pressure in the mixed venous blood and
      thus establishing non-operatively the minute output of the heart according to
      Fick's principle.

PMID- 1210460
TI  - [A further case of Wissler's allergic subsepticemia in an adult].
AB  - A further case of subsepsis allergica Wissler in a 35-year-old woman is reported.
      The problems of the differential diagnosis of this rare disease are discussed. In
      the present case the disease could successfully be controlled using imuran in
      combination with corticosteroids.

PMID- 1210462
TI  - [Assessment of the functional capacity in arterial occlusive disease of the
      extremities].
AB  - In this paper are explained the principles essential for the judgement of the
      functional capacity in the arterial obturative disease of the extremities. On the
      basis of tables and figures the diagnostic and prognostic significance of
      quantitative measurements of blood supply by means of differentiated methods of
      occlusion plethysmography of the veins in disturbances of the peripheral arterial
      blood supply are demonstrated. In these cases the importance of the inclusion of
      all clinico-angiological findings, especially of the functional capacity of the
      heart and of the therapy of hypertension in the general judgment is emphasized.

PMID- 1210463
TI  - [Angiological criteria of the functional capacity in arterial occlusive diseases
      of extremities after vascular surgery].
AB  - In order to avoid wrong estimations of the functional capacity of extremities
      with successfully reconstructed vessels in angioorganopathies, the use of
      reliable angiological measuring sizes in a broad spectrum is needed.
      Oscillography and longitudinal rheography as well as determinations of the
      arterial blood pressure deliver such qualitatively reliable parameters. For the
      judgment of the postreconstructive functional capacity one must not renounce the
      occlusion plethysmography of the veins which delivers quantitative measuring
      sizes. Other disturbances of the organs by the vascular basic disease present and
      concomitant diseases of middle and older age independent on the basic disease
      must always be taken into consideration in the general judgment.

PMID- 1210464
TI  - [Assessment of the functional capacity in the patients with venous diseases].
AB  - Acute diseases of the veins, in most cases thromboses, cause inability to work in
      almost all cases; in profound phlebothromboses hospital treatment is indicated.
      In the chronic venous insufficiency the functional capacity can be decreased
      especially bey pains, inclination to swelling and changes of the skin (congestive
      dermatoses, ulcera). Eventual basic diseases and concomitant diseases render the
      judgment difficult. Experienced treatment under active collaboration of the
      patient may improve the functional capacity in most cases. The daily load of the
      patient by profession and so on, and the often changing course of chronic
      diseases of the veins must be taken into consideration in the estimation. On the
      basis of a stage-plan proposed by Kornotzki and coworders the evidence of
      selected phlebological methods (anamnesis, state, tourniquet-tests, measurement
      of the venous pressure, functional phlebography) is discussed. It is particularly
      referred to plethysmographic functional tests of the veins.

PMID- 1210466
TI  - [Studies on the limitation of the body functional capacity by the pulmonary
      function in chronic bronchitic patients in the work process].
AB  - It is reported on first experiences (18 patients) with investigation of the
      breathing mechanism during ergometry for the quantification of the respiratory
      dyspnoea on exertion. The oesophagus-pressure-method is recommended as suitable
      method. The stopping of the load on account of dyspnoea in the number of patients
      which above all consisted of obstructive bronchitics was carried out at values
      for the total breathing capacity (Wtot) of 5 kpm/min and more.

PMID- 1210465
TI  - [Rapid test for quantitative proof of emphysema].
AB  - For the purpose of an aimed diagnostics near to practice of unspecific chronic
      pulmonary diseases a measuring place was developed, by means of which with simple
      performance of the experiments and short examination-time the determination of
      vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, maximal breathing capacity, the
      measurement of the O2-tension of the arterialised ear blood and the determination
      of the residual volume are possible. The determination of the residual volume is
      performed according to the classical O2-N2-gasmixture method using the spirotest
      device in connection with a bag-box system and the PO2-micro-measuring chamber.
      On 63 patients the residual volume was determined in this measuring place and
      compared with the rapid He-re-breathing method. The correlation analysis between
      the RVbody%TK- and the RVO2% TK-values with a correlation coefficient r = 0,887
      ascertains the reliability of the demonstrated method. The results of a
      epidemiological study on 422 test persons on account of the close correlation
      between RVHe % TK and RVO2% TK with r = 0.62 prove the usability for examinations
      of the population.

PMID- 1210467
TI  - [Heridity of progressive chronic polyarthritis - study of the course].
AB  - In an analytic epidemiological study 30 relations of patients with progressive
      chronic polyarthritis with positive rheumatoid factor and 127 relations with
      negative rheumatoid factor were after-examined concerning their clinical and
      serological behaviour 6 years after the primary recognition with the aim of an
      evidence concerning the hypothesis of an hereditary causal factor in progressive
      chronic polyarthritis. It was revealed that only in 14 of 30 persons with
      positive primary rheumatoid factor the rheumatoid factor could further be proved,
      on the other hand 14 relations who had at first a negative rheumatoid factor now,
      however, reacted with a positive rheumatoid factor. It could be confirmed, that
      the seropositive forms of the progressive chronic polyarthritis have a stronger
      hereditary trend to the formation of the rheumatoid factor than the
      seronegativeones and that after the 50th year of life there exists a significant
      persistence of the seropositivity. In the group of relations who were
      seropositive 6 years ago developed a definitive and probable progressive chronic
      polyarthritis each as well as a further probable progressive chronic
      polyarthritis in the group of relations who became seropositive only in the
      period of observation. On account of the changing seropositivity and the only
      rare appearance of a progressive chronic polyarthritis on the basis of this
      investigation of hypothesis of the rheumatoid factor as first (premorbid) symptom
      of a progressive chronic polyarthritis is to be refused.

PMID- 1210469
TI  - [Late fate of patients with pernicious anemia].
AB  - In a retrospective study is reported on 271 cases of pernicious anaemia which
      were observed for 30 years. 2 groups of patients could be significantly differed.
      In the first group the disease appears familiarly and/or is combined with a
      diabetes mellitus or a disease of the thyroid gland. Its manifestation is 7 years
      earlier than in the 2nd group, in individual cases without genetic relation. In
      this a heterologous etiology of the pernicious anaemia is to be seen. On
      principle in therapy was treated only parenterally and relatively small
      quantities of vitamin B12 were given. In these cases the results were good.
      Recidivations appeared only quite infrequently. The life expectancy obtained is
      altogether high, but it is, however, somewhat under the average of a healthy
      population of the same age. Despite careful control and early operation the
      gastric carcinoma more frequently appeared as cause of death than in the average
      population of the same age, whereas all other tumours were more rarely found.

PMID- 1210468
TI  - [Practical experiences in the intra-articular treatment of chronic rheumatic
      diseases].
AB  - Local instillations of various medicaments with the aim of a so-called chemical
      synovectomy are compared with the experiment of a possible causal therapy by
      operative synovectomy. Under this aspect corticosteroids are used still
      relatively frequently also for the intraarticular treatment. They diminish
      transiently the inflammation of the pannus, but they do not remove it. On the
      basis of its good local compatibility in relapsing effusions of the large
      articulations, mostly of the knee-joints, which appeared in the course of a
      chronic progressive rheumatoid arthritis of Bechterew's disease, cyclophosphamide
      was applied intraarticularly and was compared with the results after injections
      of prednisolone. Apart from the clinical findings cytological and biochemical
      examinations of the synovial membrane, which more exactly than clinical
      parameters allow an objective estimation of the local inflammatory activity, were
      used for the judgement of the success. With the help of intraarticular treatment
      of cyclophosphamide within a complex chemotherapy an improvement of the findings
      and a stabilisation of the process can be achieved. Local applications of
      prednisolone often lead to a rapid, however, in most cases not remaining
      reduction of the activity at the joint. In uninfluencable high local activity of
      the process, objectified by examinations of the synovial membrane, an early
      synovectomy is indicated for the prevention of the formation of irreversible
      chondropathies.

PMID- 1210470
TI  - [Changes in the munber of 60-year old and older internal patients during a period
      of 10 years].
AB  - In 273 persons, of them 76 with ischaemic heart disease, 46 with non-coronary
      heart diseases (vitia, hypertension, chronic cor pulmonale, cardiomyopathy) and a
      control group of 115 healthy persons, during and after submaximal load under
      bicycle ergometry the ECG after work was recorded, in which case indication and
      contraindications of the WHO were taken into consideration. Especially
      investigated were the degree and the morphology of the ST-T-changes in
      differential-diagnostic respect in ischaemic heart disease and functional
      disturbances of the repolarisation. Apart from this the disturbances of rhythm
      and conduction system were analysed, which appeared under stress. The highest
      diagnostic evidence was under a load of 400-600 kmp/min and a pulse rate of 130
      150/mim.

PMID- 1210471
TI  - [Experiences of 15 years in the screening of ischaemic heart diseases and
      arterial hypertension].
AB  - A survey concerning 15 years' experiences with the screening of the ischaemic
      heart disease and the arterial hypertension in selected male age groups in Prague
      is given. Here the authors entered an international study, in which the
      possibilities of the primary prevention of the ischaemic heart disease and its
      complications were investigated by means of clofibrate. As a preliminary result a
      reduction of serum cholesterol, which was increased over 279 mg/100 ml, by 13%
      and in values between 279 and 260 mg/100 ml by 8.8% could be established. With
      the help of screenings not only the incidence and the prevalence of the examined
      disease in the population, respectively, were established, but at the same time
      factors of risk were found, the elimination of which may shift the beginning of
      the disease or fully prevent its development.

PMID- 1210472
TI  - [Determinations of immunoglobulins in acute and chronic coronary vessel
      diseases].

PMID- 1210473
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of Sheehan's syndrome and its special forms].
AB  - Sometimes the Sheehan-syndrome appears in form of a partial insufficiency and
      sometimes also with atypical symptomatology. From this result diagnostic and
      therapeutic consequences, the peculiarities of which are exhibited. The acute
      form of the course is dangerous. It makes necessary the use of a specific
      emergency treatment, whereby the result of the highly threatening condition
      depends on its consequent application. When a competent therapy is carried out
      the life expectancy of female patients suffering from the Sheehan-syndrome is no
      more to be regarded as reduced.

PMID- 1210474
TI  - [Treatment of hypertension with propranolol in combination with other
      antihypertensive agents].
AB  - In two separated treatment groups of 18 and 30 hypertensive patients of the
      clinical degrees of severity II and III after insufficient propranolol
      monotherapy a combined propranolol/hydralazine or propranolol/hydrochlorothiazide
      treatment, respectively, was performed during several months. Under the
      combination therapy on average a clear increase of the effect of the beta
      receptor blocker on the systolic as well as on the diastolic blood pressure is
      achieved. There were no essential side-effects. In accordance with modern
      opinions in the therapy of hypertension the combination of propranolol with a
      peripheral vasodilator and/or a salidiuretic should find a wide area of use,
      above all in hypertensive patients who are diastolically more difficult to be
      stabilised. The production of an adequate combination preparation is to be taken
      into consideration.

PMID- 1210475
TI  - [Misplaced implantation of a pacemaker electrode in a coronary vein].
AB  - The wrong implantation of pacemaker electrodes into a coronary vein is in most
      cases accidentally diagnosed when thoracic X-ray pictures are made in two planes.
      It is to be excluded not with certainly in the sagittal ray-path of the thoracic
      X-ray picture and in the ECG of the extremities. The diagnostic criteria for the
      recognition of a false position are the end of the electrode which is in the
      frontal ray-path directed dorsally to the spine and a right bundle branch block
      in the ECG existing since implantation. Pacemaker-synchronous contractions of the
      diaphragm as well as an increased already at the time of implantation stimulus
      threshold may be references. Description of an own observation with an up to now
      long-term stimulation through a coronary vein without complications lasting 15
      months, in which a correction of the position is not regarded as necessary due to
      the regular function of the pacemaker.

PMID- 1210476
TI  - [Simple prescription for double-contrast presentation of the stomach].
AB  - The prescription of a barium sulfate suspension suitable for the purposes of the
      double contrast radiograph of the stomach is reported. All chemical substances
      necessary for this may be got in every pharmacy. The method of the radiological
      examination inaugurated by Shirakabe is described with a slight methodical
      change. It is suited for all kinds of diagnoses (hiatal hernias, diverticula,
      ulcera, benign and malignant tumours, changes of the relief of mucosal foulds and
      so on) does not serve only for the early recognition of gastric cancer.

PMID- 1210477
TI  - [Some considerations on forceps delivery with excenter handle (author's transl)].
AB  - The introduction of electronic monitoring techniques in delivery increasingly has
      lead to the use of vaginal surgery in delivery. Vacuum and forceps extraction, in
      our view, do not compete with each other. Years ago forceps extraction was
      decisively improved by introducing the axial traction forceps. However, we
      believe that this technique has not been given due attention and is not applied
      widely enough. In vacuum extraction and in forceps deliveries without axial
      traction considerable part of the force is exerted in the direction of the
      symphysis. When using the excentric handle forceps, it is necessary in addition
      to the traction and pressure components to include the lever action. This is a so
      called couple of forces. The additional torque involved in the use of an axial
      traction forceps shifts the fetal head during extraction in the direction of the
      hollow of the sacrum. The force needed for this shift and the progression of the
      head is many times less than that required for conventional forceps extraction.
      This is due to the absence of the component directed at the symphysis which
      impedes delivery. The axial traction forceps may also be used in case of the
      infant's abnormal positioning of the head. In case of a transverse position of
      the fetal head, a special fastener on the forceps makes it possible to use an
      excentric handle on the traction hook of the Kielland forceps and thus render
      possible rotation of the fetal head from the transverse position. The extentric
      handle in forceps extraction is optimal in order to overcome increased mechanical
      resistance to delivery. Adjustment of the handles to all types of forceps being
      used today is possible. From the results mentioned it is clear that the use of
      the axial traction forceps constitutes a valuable contribution toward declining
      perinatal mortality rates.

PMID- 1210478
TI  - [Pharmacokinetic investigations of the transfer of antibiotics into amniotic
      fluid. Part III: Oxacillin (author's transl)].
AB  - After intravenous administration of 2 g of Oxacillin to 12 gravidae at the end of
      their pregnancy short-interval tests were made of the Oxacillin levels in the
      mothers' serum and -- intra-amnionic catheter in position -- in the amniotic
      fluid. The following pharmaco-kinetic data were determined: fictitious initial
      Oxacillin level (79 mcg/ml), elimination constant (1,044 h-1), half-value of
      elimination (39,88 min), fictitious distribution volume (25,31), distribution
      coefficient (0,3617 ml/g), total clearance (26,431 l/h) and invasion constant
      (0,0084 h-1). All given data were statistically confirmed. For the para-placental
      passage of Oxacillin a permeability factor (chi) of 0,0084 was found. This factor
      indicates how easy Oxacillin passes trough the fetal membrane into the amniotic
      fluid. Ampicillin diffuses about 43 times and Cephalotin diffuses about 2,4 times
      better trough fetal membrane -- permeability factor 0,357 or 0,02 --, probably
      because of its weaker link to serum albumin. Under our conditions the amnionic
      levels reached 12 mcg/ml on the average. With 8-12 g Oxacillin daily bactericidal
      levels in the amniotic fluid are reached.

PMID- 1210479
TI  - The application of spectrophotometry in the investigation of amniotic fluid by
      amnioscopy. part I. development of the technique.
AB  - A method for the incorporation of spectrophotometry to amnioscopy for the
      colourmetric estimation of amniotic fluid is presented. The spectrum of light
      reflected from the object under examination was measured using narrow-band
      interference filters, and a siliceous PIN light diode as the detector. A
      graphical representation of the spectrum was obtained using an automatic
      recorder. The preliminary measurements were performed using papers of various
      colours, clear amniotic fluid and green fluid as well as two patients in late
      pregnancy who required amnioscopic investigation. Measurements have shown that
      the apparatus can reliably distinguish different colours from each other and the
      authors consider that the apparatus may be used in connection with amnioscopy in
      order to estimate the colour of the amniotic fluid. The possible future use and
      development of such a technique is discussed.

PMID- 1210480
TI  - The application of spectrophotometry in the investigation of amniotic fluid by
      amnioscopy. part II. A clinical study.
AB  - A spectrophotometric method is presented for use during amnioscopy for the
      estimation of the colour of amniotic fluid. The application of five different
      filters was tested; and a ratio of the results obtained using filters with mean
      wave-lengths of 621 nm and 589 nm was found to be the most reliable parameter for
      the detection of green coloured amniotic fluid. Preliminary results are so
      promising that further examinations and a development of the method are
      indicated. Various improvements to the method are also discussed.

PMID- 1210481
TI  - [Experiencing fetal movements. A psychologic investigation of 386 pregnant and
      recently delivered women (author's transl)].
AB  - During the first half of pregnancy fetal movement can be quite well assessed with
      the ultrasound technique. In the second half, however, one depends largely on the
      subjective comments of the women. Which are the factors influencing the
      experience of fetal movements? 386 pregnant women and those after delivery were
      sent a questionnaire including psychologic data. First fetal movements were
      clearly observed by about one third, weakly by about two thirds of patients. The
      intensity of this experience depended on the level of intelligence and the
      personality factor neuroticism. About three quarters of the women judged the
      first fetal movements to be very important, one quarter of only medium or minor
      importance. How significant these signs of pregnancy were for them, depended
      inter alia on their age, personality dimension extra-or introversion, the
      experience of gynecologic happenings, their attitude towards pregnancy, relations
      to their partner, attitude towards sexuality and their role as women. The results
      showed that registering and experiencing fetal movements depended too much on
      external social factors and on the personality of the women to be of use in
      assessing the fetus during the second half of pregnancy. They were tested for
      significance with the X2-method.

PMID- 1210482
TI  - [Obstetric diagnosis and patterns of behavior in labor (author's transl)].
AB  - Obstetricians, so far mainly interested in mechanics, have lately understood that
      innervation and interplay of the propelling and retaining structures also depend
      on the affects and impulses acting during delivery. There is normal and
      pathologic obstetric behavior. The obstetric situations demanding action from the
      obstetrician are not rarely correlated or due to pathologic behavior at birth.
      This disturbed or disturbance-producing behavior at birth, however, is by no
      means always directly related to anxiety, in the sense of the generally accepted
      anxiety-tension-pain syndrome. Disturbed behavior at birth may also be related to
      many other affects which often, but not always, are secondary to anxiety or
      designed to defend against it: retentive, annoyed, perfectionistic, poor in
      contact, worried, inactive or confused behavior at birth. In practice knowledge
      of such affect-constellations aids the preventive efforts of the obstetrician.
      Theoretically the origin of this subgroup of functional disturbances of birth is
      interesting. Interpersonal psychiatry after Harry Stack Sulivan sees in the non
      organic psychic disturbances and symptoms an interpersonal process and not any
      more characteristics of an isolated individual. Since the functional disturbances
      of obstetric physiology are in part related to, in part due to, affect
      constellations and behavior, they confirm this concept of interpersonal
      psychiatry. Medicine likes to study physiologic processes as if they represented
      a closed system within the limits of an isolated organism. In fact, the course of
      many physiologic processes is determined by simultaneously active affects i.e.
      the concrete interpersonal situation. This view, increasingly accepted for the
      physiology of libido and functional sexual disturbances, also applies to part of
      the functional disturbances of birth.

PMID- 1210483
TI  - [Perinatal psychohygienics -- importance and chance of a primary preventive
      medicine by the gynaecologist (author's transl)].
AB  - Qualitative or quantitative deficiency of maternal "primary love" in the critical
      period of the first years of life very often leads in later years of life to
      severe psychosomatic disorders or psychopathologic states as depression, suicide,
      addiction, criminality, social disorders and psychosis. A Preventive Care
      Passport with a date program for the pregnant woman and young mother and a
      standardized program for the gynaecologist is proposed in connection with all
      necessary perinatal preventive methods and integration of psychohygienic
      investigation and treatment. Perinatal psychohygienics could be practiced by
      questionnaires to find out maternal pathogenic conflicts, by social workers in
      order to avoid unnecessary maternal work in the first years of her child's life
      and group discussions after a 16-mm-film or an information paper about the normal
      psychic development of a child. Further tasks are granting the presence of the
      father at childbirth "rooming-in" with "self-demand", early adoption within the
      first eight weeks of life, group discussions of parents about conflicts with
      their children, hospitalization of infants -- only in cases of vital indication -
      together with their mother and psychological preparing for medical manipulations
      and social benefits for the young mother or parents. The recommendations of the
      WHO for the application of psychohygienics could be integrated in this program.

PMID- 1210485
TI  - [Importance of anamnesis in andrological problems].

PMID- 1210484
TI  - [Perinatal deaths associated with paracervical anesthesia (author's transl)].
AB  - Two infants' death associated with paracervical anesthesia are reported. In both
      cases a severe fetal bradycardia which developed 5 and 10 minutes, respectively,
      after paracervical injection of 10 ml of 0.5% Bupivacain, was the reason for
      Caesarean section. The clinical signs of the infants were similar: low Apgar
      score, primary apnea, grey colour, flaccidity, no reactions; after a few hours,
      however, general muscular hypertonus, and repeated attacks of tonic seizures.
      Accidental injection of Bupivacain into the fetus cannot be excluded in both
      cases. -- The fetal risks through paracervical anesthesia are being reviewed.

PMID- 1210486
TI  - [Clinical aspects of infertility and subfertility].

PMID- 1210487
TI  - [Questions of the andrological laboratory diagnosis and their importance for the
      physician].

PMID- 1210488
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of impotence].

PMID- 1210489
TI  - [Disorders of reproduction and cohabitation in the man].

PMID- 1210490
TI  - [Sensitivity of Becker's nevus foci].

PMID- 1210491
TI  - [The treatment of local hyperhidrosis].

PMID- 1210492
TI  - [Generalized verrucosis with hypoproteinemia and hypogammaglobulinemia].

PMID- 1210493
TI  - [Experimental study on epithelization].

PMID- 1210494
TI  - [Specific leukemic infiltration with the appearance of erythema annulare
      centrifugum (Darier) in chronic lymphadenosis].

PMID- 1210495
TI  - [New therapeutic possibilities for hyperhidrosis].

PMID- 1210496
TI  - [Studies on the treatment of male infertility with kallikrein].
AB  - 70 subfertile patients were given oral (600 K.U./daily) or parenteral (3 X 40
      K.U./weekly) Kallikrein-treatment for seven weeks. Statistical evaluation of the
      findings yielded positive changes (level of significance alpha less than 1%) in
      cases of reduced spermatozoa count, motility, and morphology. In respect to
      clinical diagnosis the most satisfactory effects were achieved in cases of the
      vegetative congestion syndrome, which includes functional disturbances of the
      epididymis, the testicular outlet of spermatozoa, and the last phase of spermatid
      maturation. In cases of testis parenchyma disorders a true effect was not noted.
      Probably Kallikrein influences the function of epididymis and SERTOLIcells, which
      can be concluded by the results of the spermatological examinations in the course
      of the treatment. Because of the short duration of treatment, it is impossible to
      decide, wether the proliferation of the germinal epithelium is increased as well.
      A negative effect was observed in cases of chronic inflammations of the genital
      tract, the inflammatory process being activated by Kallikrein, which was not
      unexpected.

PMID- 1210497
TI  - [Diffuse normolipemic plane xanthomatosis].
AB  - The case of a diffuse plane normolipaemic xanthomatosis in a 74-year-old woman is
      reported which has developed since about 5 years. There was no sign of any
      disease of the reticulhistiocytic system. With regard to the prognosis the
      arterial hypertension is of particular interest.

PMID- 1210498
TI  - [Simultaneous column chromatography for the automatic determination of hormones
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The automatic determination of hormone levels in serum by column chromatograhoic
      methods using a 25 channel peristaltic pump, allows the simultaneous
      chromatography of 25 samples. The different volumes which are necessary for the
      successive elution steps are set by the tubing size of the pump and by a preset
      switch clock. The eluates from the 25 columns are collected simultaneously in
      fractionated volumes which are also determined in the same electronic clock
      device. The assays so far adapted to this principle are reviewed: Serum thyroxine
      (competitive protein binding assay), T3-uptake test (dextran gel filtration),
      triiodothyronine (radioimmunoassay) and cortisol (competitive protein binding
      assay or radioimmunoassay). The main advantages of this procedure are increased
      frequency, improved specificity and standardization at lower costs for these
      methods. The principle of simultaneous column chromatography appears to be most
      suited for assays, which require various extraction steps prior to the
      determination of the hormone, since it allows extraction, specific protein
      binding and bound/free separation on only one column.

PMID- 1210500
TI  - [Free fatty acids and hydrocarbons in cerebrospinal fluid (author's transl)].
AB  - Initial experiments on the constant appearance of unesterified fatty acids and
      hydrocarbons in cereborspinal fluid are presented. With the present method of
      analysis, these two groups of substances can always be detected in cerebrospinal
      fluid. The constitution of the unesterified fatty acids as well as the
      hydrocarbons was determined using gaschromatography linked to mass spectrometry.
      There is no evidence that the unesterified fatty acids are derived from the
      blood, or that they are breakdown products of other lipid classes of the
      cerebrospinal fluid. The origin and significance of the hydrocarbons are not yet
      known, and remain the subject of further investigations.

PMID- 1210499
TI  - [The influence of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate on the temperature relationships of
      aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes].
AB  - The relationship between temperature and the behaviour of aspartate
      aminotransferase was investigated in the presence of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. The
      addition in vitro of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate caused an increase in the activity
      and altered the thermal behaviour of aspartate aminotransferase. In choosing the
      temperature for the determination of enzymic activity, the concentration of the
      coenzyme must therefore also be considered.

PMID- 1210501
TI  - [Enzyme kinetic glucose determination by the glucose dehydrogenase method. Enzyme
      kinetic substrate determination using competitive inhibitors, II (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The sensitivity of enzyme kinetic substrate determinations can be improved with
      the aid of competitive inhibitors. As an example, the determination of glucose
      dehydrogenase in the presence of potassium thiocyanate is described. The method
      has the advantage of rapid operation with satisfactory precision.

PMID- 1210502
TI  - [Concentrations of amino acids in the blood of different vessels of patients with
      cirrhosis of the liver during and after the introduction of a porto-caval
      anastomosis (author's transl)].
AB  - In patients with liver cirrhosis the concentrations of amino acids were measured
      by ion exchange chromatography in the serum of blood samples taken from various
      vessels during and after the performance of a porto-caval anastomosis.
      Statistical evaluation was carried out with a nonparametric test. In three female
      and eight male patients, amino acids were determined intra operationem in blood
      samples of the following vessels (n = number of blood samples): arm vein (n = 8),
      arteria femoralis (n =2), vena cava (n = 7), vena portae (n = p) and aorta
      abdominalis (n = 5). With exception of ornithine (aorta abdominalis versus vena
      cava), no statistically significant differences in the concentrations of amino
      acids were observed in the various blood vessels. One to three years after the
      introduction of the porto-caval shunt, amino acid concentrations were measured in
      blood from the arm vein and arteria femoralis in four female and five male
      patients. The concentrations of glutamic acid, phenylalanine and lysine were
      significantly higher in blood from the arm vein than in blood of the arteria
      femoralis. The concentrations of valine, leucine and isoleucine were markedly
      lower in patients with liver cirrhosis than in normal persons. On the basis of
      the present findings and of the results obtained with normal subjects, it may be
      concluded that porto-caval anastomosis does not exert a noticeable effect on the
      metabolism of amino acids in patients with liver cirrhosis.

PMID- 1210503
TI  - [Determination of fluoride in bone samples from human iliac crest with an ion
      specific electrode (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple potentiometric method for the determination of fluoirde ion in human
      bones is described. The bone samples were taken from a definite position in the
      iliac crest. The samples are prepared for analysis by ashing at 550 degrees C,
      dissolving in HNO3 (4 mol/1) and adjusting the pH with NaOH (4 mol/1)  and Total
      Ion Strength Adjustment Buffer, Absolute values are derived from a calibration
      curve based on aqueous NaF-buffer solutions. The calibration curve is linear in
      the range 5.2-10(-3)-1.0-10(-5) mol/1F-. The minimum limit of measurement is 5.2
      X 10(-6) mol/1F-. The method has an accuracy of 96.1 % or 92.3% with a series
      precision based on the Pearson variability coefficient of 1.68%. The normal mass
      fraction of fluoride in human bones was found to be between 69 and 1740 - 10(-6)
      F-/ash.

PMID- 1210504
TI  - [The determination of chloride in plasma and serum (mercury(II)-thiocyanate
      method) with the Greiner Electronic Selective Analyzer GSA II (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. A mercury(II)-thiocyanate method for the determination of chloride in plasma
      and serum was adapted for the Greiner Electronic Selective Analyzer GSA II. A
      sample blank value and a partial reagent blank value were determined by omitting
      thiocyanate from the control system. 2. The course of the reaction was
      investigated. For a reaction time of 350-500 s, the response was linear between
      30 and 130 mmol/l. Between 90 and 110 mmol/l, the deviation between the actual
      and the theoretical value is less than 1%. 3. The calibration must be checked
      and, if necessary, restandardized; this is probably due to variable contamination
      of the reagents with chloride ions. 4. Haemolysis, lipaemia and bilirubin do not
      interfere. Protein has no effect on the course of the reaction. 5. At
      concentrations around 100 mmol/l, the in series precision, expressed as the
      variation coefficient (%), is 0.3-0.6% for aqueous solutions, 0.4-0.8% for liquid
      control sera, and 0.8-1.5% for lyophilized control sera. 6. No carry over was
      detectable from samples containing 150 to those containing 10 mmol/l.

PMID- 1210505
TI  - Thin layer chromatographic screening test for urinary 3-methoxy-4
      hydroxyphenylethylene glycol; results from cases of secreting neuroblastoma.
AB  - A thin layer chromatographic screening test is reported for the determination of
      urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol. The concentration in any sample
      is estimated by visual comparison with a range of 10 standards of different
      concentrations. The urines of five children with positively diagnosed hormonally
      active neuroblastoma showed values of 19.0-32.4 mg 3-methoxy-4
      hydroxyphenylethylene glycol/g creatinine, whereas control urines contained only
      0.4-1.7 mg/g creatinine.

PMID- 1210506
TI  - [Errors, resulting from storage, in the determination of 11 parameters in
      heparinized whole blood and plasma (author's transl)].
AB  - Eleven parameters in heparinzed whole blood and plasma samples were investigated
      for storage-dependent changes. Samples were stored at +25 degrees C, and analyses
      were performed with the SMA 12/60 at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after sampling.
      In whole blood, the following parameters increased significantly during storage:
      potassium calcium, phosphate, total protein. The following decreased: chloride,
      CO2, uric acid and bilirubin. In plasma samples, analogous effects were observed
      for: calcium, CO2, total protein, uric acid and bilirubin.

PMID- 1210507
TI  - Desmosterol accumulation in rats with experimental myotonia.
AB  - Desmosterol is found in various organs of rats that show signs of myotonia in
      their skeletal muscle as a result of treatment with 20.25-diazacholesterol. The
      amount of desmosterol depends on the time of treatment, and is different in
      different organs and different kinds of muscle. The increase in desmosterol is
      much lower and the rats do not show any signs of myotonia when fed a cholesterol
      rich diet in addition to treatment with 20.25-diazacholesterol. Treatment with
      triparanol also causes desmosterol accumulation but in these rats myotonia is
      rarely observed. Our results suggest that in the experimental animals myotonia
      becomes manifest when every second cholesterol molecule of the muscle cell
      membrane is replaced by desmosterol. This is easily achieved in animals fed with
      20.25-diazacholesterol but rarely occurs with triparanol.

PMID- 1210508
TI  - [Quantitation of lipids in blood, plasma and tissues by gas-liquid chromatography
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1210509
TI  - [Geometric changes of the left ventricle during the isovolumic contraction in
      healthy people and patients with coronary disease].
AB  - Biplane cineventriculograms of 5 normal and 12 patients with coronary artery
      disease were analysed in order to determine the dimensional changes of the left
      ventricle during the isovolumic phase of contraction. In postero-arterior
      projection the ventricular diameters in both groups decreased by an average of 3
      6%, the wall thickness increased by 5-10%, In lateral projection there were no
      significant changes of geometry. The changes in regional diameters showed
      significantly greater maximal differences in diseased than in normal ventricles.
      Using ventriculographic data of enddiastole instead of aortic valve opening for
      determination of ejection phase parameters resulted in an overestimation of the
      mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening by an average of 10-20%, of the
      stroke volume of 5-15% and of the ejection fraction of 5%. These results indicate
      that ejection phase indices can only be determined exactly from
      cineventriculograms when aortic valve opening and closure is considered.

PMID- 1210510
TI  - [Sinus node automaticity and sinoatrial conduction].
AB  - In 64 patients so-called sino-atrial conduction time (SACT) was calculated by
      means of the extrastimulus technique. The normal value of this parameter was 82
      plus or minus 18.7 ms (20 patients). Plotting SACT versus heart rate in all
      patients no correlation could be found. However, in 4 patients with spontaneous
      variations of the sinus cycle length a short SACT was calculated after long
      spontaneous intervals and vice verse. These results may indicate that SACT ist
      frequency-dependent. However, it is not clear whether the behaviour of the
      postextra-systolic pauses in these patients is due to changes of SACT or due to
      spontaneous variations of sinus node automaticity. The measurement of the first
      spontaneous interval (A3-A4) after the postextrasystolic pause revealed a
      prolongation of 30 ms (mean value) in comparison to the basic cycle length (A1
      A1) after resetting the sinus node. If the stimulus was elicited late in diastole
      without premature depolarisation of the pacemaker cells, no significant
      difference between A3-A4 and A1-A1 intervals could be found. These results
      indicate that sinus node automaticity may be influenced by the premature
      stimulus. Therefore, the calculation of SACT is burdened by unresolved
      methodological problems.

PMID- 1210511
TI  - [Atrial re-entry tachycardia].
AB  - By means of coupled atrial stimulation short bouts of atrial tachycardia could be
      elicited in a 61-year-old patient. As an explanation for this unusual response to
      stimulation a reentry phenomenon within the atria is postulated.

PMID- 1210512
TI  - [The bundle of his electrogram in ebstein-s anomaly of the tricuspid valve].
AB  - His-bundle electrograms were recorded in four patients with Ebstein's anomaly of
      the tricuspid valve. In two of the patients His potentials could only be
      demonstrated in the atrialized portion of the right ventricle while in the other
      two patients they were recorded in the right ventricle proper. The demonstration
      of His-potentials only in the atrialized portion of the right ventricle suggests
      that the origin of the free portion of the septal tricuspid valve leaflet is
      significantly displaced downward into the right ventricular cavity. The prolonged
      atrioventricular conduction time in two patients is due to conduction delay
      proximal to the bundle of His.

PMID- 1210513
TI  - [Functional studies in rest and during exertion in children and adolescents with
      ventricular septal defects and pulmonary hypertension].
AB  - 7 children from 7-15 years of age, who had a large VSD with pulmonary arterial
      hypertension, were investigated on a bicycle ergometer during stepwise increasing
      load. In 5 cases a pulmonary artery banding had been performed earlier in spite
      of distinctly increased pulmonary vascular resistance. In two cases with
      Eisenmenger-syndrome no operative measures had been attempted. The measurements,
      which were carried out at rest and during two submaximal loads, comprised beside
      determination of oxygen uptake and heart frequency also the arteriovenous oxygen
      difference as well as mean arterial pressure in the pulmonary and the systemic
      circuit so that flow and resistance could be calculated for both circuits. During
      exercise a linear increase of flow in the pulmonary circuit was achieved in all
      cases, accompanied by a distinct rise of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure.
      The pulmonary vascular resistance stayed, however, generally constant. Systemic
      vascular resistance, on the contrary, decreased to about one third of the resting
      values so that the ratio of pulmonary arterial to systemic vascular resistance
      increased considerably. The result was a progressive increase of the right to
      left shunt during exercise, and in 3 cases with predominant left to right shunt
      at rest in spite of the band, a reversed shunt resulted, partially due to the
      effectiveness of the band, but substantially brought about by the undiminished
      high pulmonary vascular resistance. The results show that ergometric
      investigations in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension may contribute to
      clarify the indication for surgery, but they also confirm that generally a final
      operation is not possible in children whose banding-operation has been performed
      at the age of more than 2 years.

PMID- 1210514
TI  - [The vessel-mechanics of the common carotid artery in arterial hypertension].
AB  - The pressure-diameter relationship of the intact common carotid artery was
      studied in each of 36 normotensive and hypertensive patients of the same age. The
      diameter and its changes by pulse pressure were measured using an ultrasound echo
      ranging device. The arterial blood pressure simultaneously was determined by the
      auscultatory method...

PMID- 1210515
TI  - Circulatory effects of vagal inflation reflex in man.
AB  - In five patients studied during cardiopulmonary bypass, lung inflation had no
      effect on heart rate or on total peripheral resistance. Changes of heart rate
      could be induced my manipulation of the right or left atrium.

PMID- 1210516
TI  - [Methods for the postmortem determination of the size of distribution areas of
      individual coronary arteries].
AB  - A method is described which permits the exact delimination of coronary supplying
      areas and the quantitation of the amount of myocardium supplied by a single
      coronary artery. The size of error of the method is discussed.

PMID- 1210517
TI  - [The number of nuclei and the thickness of the media and intima of the coronary
      arteries of normal hearts in the second and third decades of life and in hearts
      with coronary sclerosis and hypertension].
AB  - The number of nuclei in the cells of smooth muscle of the media, and the
      thickness of the media and intima of coronary arteries were investigated by
      histometric measurements with regard to their behaviour in different stages of
      life In normal hearts and in hearts altered by disease. Seven normal hearts in
      the second decade of life, 7 normal hearts in the third decade, 5 hearts with
      coronary sclerosis (average age 33 years) and 5 hearts with hypertension (average
      age 47 years) had been examined. After fixing the coronary arteries under a
      pressure of 110-130 nm Hg and postmortem coronary angiography, the anterior
      descending and circumflex rami of the left coronary artery and the right coronary
      artery were cut into blocks of tissue 1 cm long from which frozen sections were
      made after embedding in gelatine and HE staining. The number of cell nuclei and
      the thickness of the media and intima were determined micrometrically along 8
      radii of each cross-section. From the quantitative findings for the 3 arterial
      branches in the individual case, a mean value was obtained for each parameter,
      and from these, a mean value for each group. In normal hearts and in coronary
      scelrosis, the number of cell nuclei decreases steadily towards the periphery of
      the cross-sections. In hypertension, in which the highest numbers of cell nuclei
      are found, hyperplasia of the cell nuclei right into the periphery is marked. The
      mean number of nuclei/100 mu thickness of media remains the same in all cross
      sections of normal and pathological hearts alike. The average number of nuclei in
      the first 4 cross-sections of the three arterial branches increases from the
      second to the third decade, through the casses with coronary sclerosis to the
      cases with hypertension in the proportions 5.6 : 6.7  : 10.7 : 11.7. The
      difference between the third decade and coronary sclerosis decreases from the
      first 4 cross-sections to half, while between the coronary sclerosis and
      hypertension it increases. Hypertrophy and atrophy of the muscle fibres are not
      taken into account in these measurements. The thickness of the media in the
      groups behaves like the number of nuclei: in hypertension with the highest
      values, there is no significant decrease as far as the 8th cross-section, while
      in the coronary sclerosis and third decade groups the values come closer together
      after the 6th cross-section. The difference in the middle and peripheral vascular
      sections are more distinct than in the proximal sections for coronary sclerosis
      and hypertension. The thickness of the media increases from the second decade to
      the hypertensive group in the first 4 cross-sections from 70 mu through 106 mu
      and 131 mu up to 167 mu. The thickness of the intima increases distinctly more
      rapidly in comparison to the media from 52 mu through 95 mu, 203 mu to 279 mu in
      hypertension. The media of the coronary arteries in coronary sclerosis and to a
      greater extent in hypertension, undergo an increase in functional material
      through hypertrophy and hyperplasia.

PMID- 1210518
TI  - E1A calculating unit for the determination of the peak measured contraction
      velocity of the contractile elements.
AB  - An analog calculating unit is described, which is able to differentiate the left
      ventricular pressure and divide dP/dt by P, where P is the absolute pressure
      value. The parameter dP/dt/P is called the peak measured velocity (Vpm) with the
      dimension s(-1). The unit has an appropriate accuracy for division, three ranges
      and easy to handle calibration steps. The time constants for the various ranges
      are 40, 8 and 4 ms.

PMID- 1210519
TI  - [Coronary disease. I. A correlative study on hemodynamics and contactility in 110
      patients].
AB  - Hemodynamics measures and indices of myocardial contractility were determined in
      110 patients with coronary heart disease. In comparison to a normal group (n=20)
      right heart pressures (right ventricle, arteria pulmonalis) were increased in
      coronary heart disease by 48-71%. Systolic aortic pressure was increased by 20
      22%. Left ventricular enddiastolic pressure was consideraibly increased by 130%,
      dependent on the severity degree of coronary artery disease. Cardiac output and
      cardiac index were decreased at comparable heart rate by 20-33%, dependent on an
      effective decrease of stroke volume. Isovolumic indices of myocardial
      contractility (dp/dtmax, t-dp/dtmax, dpmax/IP) WERE REDUCED IN CORONARY HEART
      DISEASE PARALLEl to the severity degree of coronary artery stenosis. All the
      hemodynamic chances were most pronounced in a group with left ventricular
      aneurysm. The results demonstrate that myocardial performance in coronary heart
      disease is characterized by decreases of pump function and contractility in
      correlation with the severity degree of coronary artery stenosis.

PMID- 1210520
TI  - [Coronary disease. II. Analysis of diastolic pressure-volume correlations and
      left ventricular elasticity in 110 patients].
AB  - Left ventricular pressure-volume relationships as well as diastolic compliance
      were determined in 110 patients with coronary heart disease during routine right
      and left heart catheterization, coronary angiography and ventriculography. 1.
      Enddiastolic and endystolic volume of the left ventricle were increased in severe
      coronary heart disease dependent on the degree of coronary stenosis; left
      ventricular ejection fraction was consecutively reduced. 2. Left ventricular
      enddiastolic pressure, diastolic pressure difference and diastolic rate of
      pressure rise were increased in corrleation with coronary artery stenosis. In
      contrast, last diastolic volume inflow into the left ventricle was nearly the
      same in all groups. Left ventricular stiffness, expressed as dP/dV, was
      significantly increased dependent on the severity degree of coronary artery
      disease. 3. Diastolic pressure-volume relationships revealed greater steepness in
      coronary artery disease, significantly dependent, on the corresponding severity
      degree. 4. Hemodynamic measures (stroke volume, cardiac index, ejection fraction)
      were decreased parallel to the increased left ventricular wall stiffness. The
      results demonstrated decreased left ventricular compliance in coronary heart
      disease. There was a striking correlation between the severity degree of coronary
      heart disease and the decrease of left ventricular compliance. Validity and
      limitations of the techniques of estimating left ventricular compliance from
      diastolic pressures and volumes as well as the effects of a decrease of left
      ventricular compliance on cardiac mechanics are discussed.

PMID- 1210521
TI  - [Postmortal coronarography by means of a roentgen double contrast method].
AB  - In the conventional postmortem coronary angiogram and vessels are illustrated by
      a "compact" filling with contrast medium. In the case of the double contrast
      technique, a thin film of contrast medium is brought about the inner surface of
      the arteries. Gas injected under controlled pressures into the vessels acts as a
      further control against the surrounding media. The method is suitable for a more
      precise illustration of the subepicardial and large intramural coronary arteries.
      Of particular advantage is the high transparency of the x-ray pictures and the
      possibility to make the coronary ostia visible. The evaluation of x-ray pictures
      produced at different controlled pressures permits conclusions about pressure
      volume relations of defined vessel sections, which then can be analysed
      histologically.

PMID- 1210522
TI  - [Vectorcardiographic study on the right hypertrophy diagnosis in complete right
      bundle branch block].
AB  - Vectorocardiograms were led and interpreted by means of quantitative and
      qualititive criteria in 100 children with a complete block of the right bundle
      branch occurring after correcting surgery of tetralogy of Fallot or isolated
      defect or the ventricular septum. The results are discussed after demonstrating
      the pathophysiological patterns of excitation associated with right ventricular
      hypertrophy and complete block of the right bundle-branch. After a survey of the
      literature a precise summary of the results is given in order to distinguish
      clearly by differential diagnosis necessary for postoperative observation of the
      vitiae cordis mentioned above, between complete block of the right bundle-branch
      and right ventricular hypertrophy. 4 vetorcardiograms were selected out of the
      total number of loops for demonstration of the defined criteria for right
      ventricular hypertrophy associated with complete block of the right bundle
      branch.

PMID- 1210523
TI  - [Catheterization of the artery originating from the left ventricle by means of
      flow-directed catheter. A new technic].
AB  - The described heart catheterization technique with the Swan-Ganz-flow-directed
      catheter allows the catheterization of the aorta or, in transposition of the
      great arteries, the pulmonary artery, from the left ventricle via a venous
      entrance form the saphenous vein if an interatrial connection exists (patent
      foramen ovale, atrial septal defect). With the help of a stiff steel guide wire
      rail it is possible in the apex of the left ventricle to bend the catheter
      sharply toward the outflow tract. This technique was used on 51 children. Every
      catheterization attempt was successful . It is possible by avoiding the
      retrograde arterial catheter technique carry out to the complete examination of
      the left heart and the great artery via a venous entrance.

PMID- 1210524
TI  - [Changes in the ECG caused by electrolyte changes in primary
      hyperparathyroidism].
AB  - The development of cardiac arrhythmias in a case of primary hyperparathyreoidism
      is described. The arrythmias (sino-auricular block and ventricular ectopic beats)
      were observed preoperatively in the presence of a raised serum calcium.
      Postoperatively with a fall of serum calcium to subnormal values the arrhythmias
      ceased while serum magnesium was very low. The electrophysiological basis of
      these findings is discussed and the importance of serum calcium- and magnesium
      estimation in cases of unexplained arrhythmias is stressed.

PMID- 1210525
TI  - Heart volume determination with phase synchronization in normal subjects and
      postinfarct patients.
AB  - The authors investigated the influence of the systole-and-dyastole cycle upon the
      cardiac volume measured radiologically with ECG phase synchronization in prone
      subjects. Measurements were made in 30 healthy subjects and 27 patients with a
      history of myocardial infarction, all of them ambulatory. As expected, the mean
      cardiac volume relative to body surface was greater in postinfarct patients than
      in normal subjects to a high degree of statistical significance. Conversely, the
      differences between end-systolic and end-diastolic cardiac volumes fell short of
      statistical significance both in healthy subjects and in postinfarct patients.
      Accordingly, radiological measurements of cardiac volume without phase
      synchronization seem justified in the functional evaluation of postinfarct
      patients.

PMID- 1210526
TI  - Baropacing of the carotid sinus nerve for treatment of "Intractable"
      hypertension.
AB  - The authors applied with success the electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus
      nerve in the case of a hypertension of long duration which was refractory to
      antihypertensive drugs. For the stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve a
      Medtronic "Barostat" device was implanted. Since the implantation- or rather
      since its usage- the blood pressure of the patient decreased to a great extent,
      and her complaints disappeared. According to the haemodynamical investigations on
      the effect of the stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve, besides the diminution
      of the blood pressure there could be observed a decrease of the cardiac index,
      the total peripheral vascular resistance and the velocity of the blood
      circulation.

PMID- 1210527
TI  - E1The question of stress cardiac insufficiency in hypertension.
AB  - In a group  of 91 patients with hypertensive vascular disease without any
      clinical symptoms and signs of cardiac insufficiency following pressures were
      measured at rest and during supine bicycle ergometer exercise: right atrial
      pressure, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCP).
      Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution at rest and during exercise. In 47
      patients out of these 91 PCP was found to be normal and did not exceed 20 mm Hg
      during exercise, the remaining 44 patients developed pathologically raised PCP
      during exercise. The average cardiac output was normal at rest und during
      exercise. Those pathological PCP during exercise, which could be demonstrated in
      nearly 50% of all investigated hypertensive patients, reflect an elevation of
      left ventricular filling pressure, the reasons of which are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1210528
TI  - The location of Taenia pisiformis, Taenia ovis and Taenia hydatigena in the gut
      of the dog and its effect on net environmental contamination with ova.
AB  - Autopsy of dogs 56 days after infection with either T. pisiformis, T. ovis or T.
      hydatigena showed that these worms could be found attached at any point along the
      length of the small intestine, but were most commonly in the anterior half. The
      mean relaxed lengths of T. pisiformis, T. ovis and T. hydatigena were 107 cm, 156
      cm and 177 cm respectively. Attached gravid proglottides contained a mean of 41
      000 eggs each in T. pisiformis, 31 000 eggs in T. hydatigena and 95000 eggs in T.
      ovis, whereas proglottides free in the gut contained means of only 1370, 500 and
      1400 eggs respectively; therefore, the majority of eggs were released into the
      gut before segments passed out into the faeces. It was shown that eggs of all 3
      species of worms hatched and activated in the small intestine of the dog,
      especially in the anterior half. Eggs of T. pisiformis which had been passaged
      through the intestine of the dog and stored in the faeces for 5 days were poorly
      infective for  rabbits compared with eggs only stored in faeces. It was
      concluded, therefore, that during taeniid infections of dogs the point of
      apolysis in the gut plays a significant role in determining environmental
      contamination with eggs. Puppies which had been fed 10000 T. ovis eggs daily for
      6 weeks prior to infection with T. ovis cysticerci showed no difference in
      susceptibility to the infection when compared with untreated puppies.

PMID- 1210529
TI  - Gas content of swim bladder of Wallago attu and oxygen consumption in
      Isoparorchis hypselobagri (Trematoda).
AB  - The swim bladder gas of Wallago attu contains O2 (22-58 mm Hg) and the presence
      or absence of Isoparorchis hypselobagri does not influence the O2 content of the
      swim bladder. Glucose increases the O2 consumption of I. hypselobagri by 50%.
      With the passage of in vitro culture time, the rate of O2 consumption gradually
      decreases to the extent of 64% on the 40th day. The optimal temperature for O2
      consumption is 30 degrees C beyond which the rise in temperature is detrimental
      to the fish trematode as manifested by the decrease in their O2 consumption.

PMID- 1210530
TI  - [Electron microscope study of spermatogenesis in two cestodes acanthobothrium
      filicolle benedenii Loennberg, 1889 and Onchobothrium uncinatum (Rud., 1819)
      (Tetraphyllidea, Onchobothriidae) (author's transl)].
AB  - The spermatogenesis, spermatozoon differentiation and fine structure of
      Acanthobothrium filicolle benedenii Loennberg, 1889 and Onchobothrium uncinatum
      (Rud., 1819) were studied by means of light and electron microscopy.
      Spermatogenesis in both species is of the rosette type. During sperm
      differentiation, the five following stages have been distinguished: (1) formation
      of arching membranes and differentiation zone; (2) nuclear elongation; (3)
      formation of two flagella with a median cytoplasmic process; (4) flagellar
      rotation; (5) fusion of two flagella with the median cytoplasmic process induced
      by the migration of nucleus into the latter. The mature spermatozoa of both
      species are threadlike structures about 250 mum long. They consist of two
      axonemes of the platyhelminth type (9+1 pattern), elongated nucleus and cortical
      microtubules embedded in a cytoplasmic matrix containing numerus beta-glycogen
      particles. The body which appears on cross-sections as crest, lateral with
      respect to the axoneme, is present in both species. Such a body is reported for
      the first time in Cestode spermatozoa. There is no mitochondrion in the two
      Onchobothriidae sperms studied.

PMID- 1210531
TI  - [Cultivation of the warble-fly Oestromyia leporina pall. (Diptera,
      Hypodermatidae) and its biological prerequisites (author's transl)].
AB  - The warble-fly Oestromyia leporina was cultivated for four generations in the
      laboratory. In the present paper the technic of laboratory mating and the modus
      of experimental infection of the host are described. The fertility of females is
      tested by experiments and by dissections. It is shown how the diapause of the
      puparia can be shortened and how it can be omitted. The successful infection of
      several species of small mammals demonstrates that O. leporina can be colonized
      not only on the natural host but also on some common laboratory animals like mice
      and rats.

PMID- 1210532
TI  - [Principles of endoprosthetics of the upper extremities].

PMID- 1210533
TI  - [Shoulder joint prosthesis].

PMID- 1210534
TI  - [Dislocation-proof shoulder prosthesis model BME].

PMID- 1210535
TI  - [Present experiences with isoelastic prostheses of the upper extremities].

PMID- 1210536
TI  - [Our experiences with elbow joint endoprostheses].

PMID- 1210537
TI  - [Prosthetic management of the elbow joint for complications following injuries].

PMID- 1210538
TI  - [The GSB elbow joint].

PMID- 1210539
TI  - [Experiences with the elbow endoprosthesis model "St. George"].

PMID- 1210540
TI  - [Special endoprosthesis of the elbow joint in a joint-protimal humeral tumor].

PMID- 1210541
TI  - [GBS-endoprosthesis of the wrist joint].

PMID- 1210542
TI  - [Alloarthroplasty of the wrist joint].

PMID- 1210543
TI  - [Experiences with alloplastic replacement of semilunar bone in lunatum necrosis].

PMID- 1210544
TI  - [Size determination of carpal bones for the construction of alloplastic
      prostheses of the semilunar bone].

PMID- 1210545
TI  - [Experiences with the replacement of carpal bones by silastik implants].

PMID- 1210546
TI  - [Silastik endoprosthesis in lunatomalacia].

PMID- 1210547
TI  - [Alloplasty of the basal finger joint using silastic prostheses].

PMID- 1210548
TI  - [Experiences with the basal finger joint prosthesis model St. George].

PMID- 1210549
TI  - [Alloplasty of interphalangeal joints using the St. George prosthesis].

PMID- 1210550
TI  - [Endoprosthetic managment of rheumatic finger joints].

PMID- 1210551
TI  - [The Swanson-joint in traumatic stiffness of finger joint].

PMID- 1210553
TI  - [Biomechanics of the knee joint with reference to alloplasty].

PMID- 1210552
TI  - [Alloplasty in rhizarthrosis of the thumb].

PMID- 1210554
TI  - [Indications for various forms of knee-joint arthroplasty].

PMID- 1210555
TI  - [Partial and total endoprosthetic management of the knee joint. Differential
      indication and results].

PMID- 1210556
TI  - [Arthroalloplasty of the knee joint--late results].

PMID- 1210557
TI  - [Experiences with Walldius' total knee-joint prosthesis].

PMID- 1210558
TI  - [Experiences with knee-joint endoprosthesis and alloplasty of the patellofemoral
      glide bed].

PMID- 1210559
TI  - [Surgical experiences with the Guepar knee endoprosthesis].

PMID- 1210560
TI  - [Experiences with the Guepar knee].

PMID- 1210561
TI  - [Experiences with the hinge-joint prosthesis of the knee joint].

PMID- 1210562
TI  - [Experiences with total endoprostheses of the knee].

PMID- 1210563
TI  - [Mechanical principle of a new total knee-joint prosthesis].

PMID- 1210564
TI  - [Indication for and technic of partial knee-joint endoprosthesis surgery by
      shifting the lateral ligament connection].

PMID- 1210565
TI  - [Experiences with the slide prosthesis "St. George"].

PMID- 1210566
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the ball and-socket prosthesis of the knee joint].

PMID- 1210567
TI  - [Experiences with the geomedic knee prosthesis].

PMID- 1210568
TI  - [Experiences with a maxial knee joint].

PMID- 1210569
TI  - [GSB knee arthroplasty].

PMID- 1210570
TI  - [Anchoring problems of knee-joint arthroplasty].

PMID- 1210571
TI  - [Specific complications of knee joint alloplasty].

PMID- 1210572
TI  - [Complications during and following alloarthroplasty of the knee joint].

PMID- 1210573
TI  - [Ankle-joint endoprosthesis model "St. George"].

PMID- 1210574
TI  - [Alloarthroplasty of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the the big toe].

PMID- 1210575
TI  - [Clinical aspects and prognosis of scoliosis. Public symposium of the task force
      on scoliosis. Introduction].

PMID- 1210576
TI  - [Examination technic for scoliosis].

PMID- 1210577
TI  - [Scoliosis in infants and its prognosis].

PMID- 1210578
TI  - [Significance of the rotation index for the prognostic evaluation of idiopathic
      thoracic scoliosis].

PMID- 1210579
TI  - [Scoliosis in arachnodactyly].

PMID- 1210580
TI  - [Prognosis of congenital scoliosis].

PMID- 1210581
TI  - [Clinical aspects and prognosis of Scheuermann's scoliosi's].

PMID- 1210582
TI  - [Scoliosis in cerebral palsy].

PMID- 1210583
TI  - [Scoliosis in the adult].

PMID- 1210584
TI  - [Lung function in scoliosis patients].

PMID- 1210585
TI  - [Pressure measurements of pulmonary circulation in juvenile scoliotic patients].

PMID- 1210586
TI  - [Occupational diseases, especially occupational diseases of the posture and
      movement organs from the viewpoint of health insurance law].

PMID- 1210587
TI  - [Pathology of occupational degenerative processes involving posture and the
      locomotion system].

PMID- 1210588
TI  - [Occupational diseases in orthopedics].

PMID- 1210589
TI  - [Biomechanical aspects of stres and strain exerted on the posture and locomotion
      organs during work].

PMID- 1210590
TI  - [Work-related lesions of the spine].

PMID- 1210591
TI  - [Work-related spinal damage in jet pilots due to extreme acceleration].

PMID- 1210592
TI  - [Cervical osteochondrosis and spondylarthrosis, an occupational disease of the
      dentist?].

PMID- 1210594
TI  - [Damage to the locomotion apparatus due to faulty posture in the car seat].

PMID- 1210593
TI  - [Faulty posture and fautly position at the working site].

PMID- 1210595
TI  - [Experimental studies on tissue mechanics of human tendons from the viewpoint of
      functional suitability during physiological and excessive stress].

PMID- 1210596
TI  - [Damage to extremity joints due to occupational stress].

PMID- 1210597
TI  - [Etiology  of osteomalacia of the lunate bone. Results of serial angiography
      studies].

PMID- 1210598
TI  - [Management of acute and neglected calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1210599
TI  - [Treatment of calcaneal fractures using Wendt's plaster cast].

PMID- 1210600
TI  - [Problems in the diagnosis and therapy of processus calcanei fractures].

PMID- 1210601
TI  - [Indication for early arthrodesis in calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1210602
TI  - [Indication for subtalar arthrodesis].

PMID- 1210603
TI  - [Total calcaneal arthrodesis following calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1210604
TI  - [Late sequelae of calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1210605
TI  - [Talus injuries, early treatment and restoration].

PMID- 1210606
TI  - [Fractures and dislocations of the talus, problems of therapy and results].

PMID- 1210607
TI  - [Case reports on talus fractures and talus dislocations].

PMID- 1210608
TI  - [Significance of vascularization for talus necroses following fractures].

PMID- 1210610
TI  - [Late results following talus fractures].

PMID- 1210609
TI  - [Post-traumatic osteochondrosis dissecans of the talus roller].

PMID- 1210611
TI  - [Diagnosis and conservative therapy of metatarsal injuries].

PMID- 1210612
TI  - [Therapy of ligamental and retinacular injuries of the calcaneal part of the
      foot].

PMID- 1210613
TI  - [Long-term follow-up of 21 navicular bone fractures].

PMID- 1210614
TI  - [Chopart's arthrodesis in traumatic changes of the tarsal region].

PMID- 1210615
TI  - [Injuries of the distal tarsal bones].

PMID- 1210616
TI  - [Dislocation fractures of Lisfranc's joint and their treatment].

PMID- 1210617
TI  - [Treatment of metatarsal fractures and their sequelae].

PMID- 1210618
TI  - [Epicritical analysis of 1395 metatarsal fractures].

PMID- 1210619
TI  - [Discussion on the treatment of calcaneal fractures].

PMID- 1210620
TI  - [Proceedings: Discussion on the blood supply of the talus].

PMID- 1210621
TI  - [Stress capacity of human tendon tissue].

PMID- 1210622
TI  - [Equidensitometry. Density measurements and substance distribution in bones].

PMID- 1210623
TI  - [Densitometry of extremities using ultrasound].

PMID- 1210624
TI  - [Histochemistry findings in the regeneration of articular cartilage].

PMID- 1210625
TI  - [Tissue adaptability processes involving self-supporting endoprostheses with rib
      anchors].

PMID- 1210626
TI  - [First experiences with a cementlen isoelastic total hip prosthesis].

PMID- 1210627
TI  - [Results of hemialloarthroplasty of the hip joint].

PMID- 1210628
TI  - [Problems of mechanical and electrochemical stress simulation in knee-joint
      prosthesis].

PMID- 1210630
TI  - [Current biomechanical problems in osteosynthesis research].

PMID- 1210629
TI  - [Results of experimental tests and clinical application possibilities of aluminum
      oxide ceramics in alloarthroplasty].

PMID- 1210631
TI  - [Is a so-called elastic osteosynthesis plate more advantageous than a stiff plate
      in fracture healing?].

PMID- 1210632
TI  - [Animal experiments on the prevention of spongiosa formation during plate
      osteosynthesis using silicone partition disks].

PMID- 1210633
TI  - [ESCA studies on the passive layer of metal implants].

PMID- 1210634
TI  - [The etiology mechanism of Ortolani's sign].

PMID- 1210635
TI  - [Technical errors in subcapital wedge osteotomy for the treatment of slipped
      epiphyses of the femur head].

PMID- 1210636
TI  - [Experiences with achillotenotomy].

PMID- 1210637
TI  - [Femoropatellar contact zones and their relationship to chondromalacia].

PMID- 1210638
TI  - [Pathomechanic problems of knee-joint arthropathy in hemophiliacs].

PMID- 1210639
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of arthroscopy of rheumatic joints].

PMID- 1210640
TI  - [Basic possibilities of control in externally powered prostheses using
      neuroelectric signals].

PMID- 1210641
TI  - [Technical and hygienic examinations of operating rooms with conventional air
      conditioning systems].

PMID- 1210642
TI  - [Measurement of leg-length difference using the "ossometer"].

PMID- 1210643
TI  - [Hinge prosthesis of the knee joint].

PMID- 1210644
TI  - [Repair of calcaneal fractures using closed nailing].

PMID- 1210645
TI  - [Frequent complications of total knee-joint prostheses].

PMID- 1210646
TI  - [Total hip endoprosthesis made of porometal without cement anchoring].

PMID- 1210647
TI  - ["Coaptation" of the scapulohumeral region].

PMID- 1210648
TI  - [Scoliosis surgery using Harrington's method].

PMID- 1210650
TI  - [Entero-vesicular fistulas].

PMID- 1210649
TI  - [Genetic control of morphogenesis].

PMID- 1210651
TI  - [Problems of regeneration in chronic pathological processes].

PMID- 1210652
TI  - [Problems of chronic diseases and their epidemiology in the eastern part of the
      USSR].

PMID- 1210653
TI  - [Problems of rhythmology in chronic pathological processes].

PMID- 1210654
TI  - [Experimental and clinical integration diseases].

PMID- 1210655
TI  - [Clinical pathophysiology in the surgery of chronic suppurative diseases of the
      lungs].

PMID- 1210656
TI  - [Evolution of the clinical manifestations of brucellosis in children].

PMID- 1210657
TI  - [Cardio-respiratory changes related to anesthesia and controlled respiration in
      open-heart surgery and in injuries].

PMID- 1210659
TI  - [Modern views of the problem of so-called intravital brain death].

PMID- 1210658
TI  - [Changes in the lungs and oxygenation in terminal states. Progressive pulmonary
      consolidation following resuscitation, trauma, shock and sepsis].

PMID- 1210660
TI  - [Polypectomy through the gastroscope].

PMID- 1210661
TI  - [Differential sensitivity of the kinesthetic and visual sensory system during
      complex motor activity in man].
AB  - Sportsmen of different specialities were examined by the A. V. Zavyalov method
      (1962) for differential sensitivity of their kinesthetic and visual analysers. It
      has been shown that the characteristics of differential sensitivity of the
      analysers are dissimilar in representatives of different kinds of sport. For
      example, pentathlon and basketball sportsmen exhibit in their kinesthetic
      analyser the greatest number of minimum increases of sensation, namely 30.2 and
      21.4 respectively, while those not engaged in any sport, 15.0. The
      characteristics of intersensory optico-kinesthetic relationships has been
      established. Closest correlation has been recorded among pentathlon sportmen,
      volley-ballers and fencers. The dynamics of differential sensitivity of analysers
      is differently manifested, depending on the subjects' age.

PMID- 1210662
TI  - [Mechanisms of recognizing geometric figures and their elements--angles in fish
      (Cyprinus carpio)].
AB  - A study was made of the mechanisms of discrimination of geometrical figures and
      their angles by fish and of the influence of repeated presentation of stimuli on
      recognition time. The experiment was made by the conditioning method with the use
      of two variants of food-procuring technique: simultaneous and successive choice
      of stimuli. It was shown that discrimination of geomentrical figures is achieved
      at the fist stage by the mechanism of selection, and after long training, by the
      mechanism of camparison with a chosen standard. The selection mechanism is also
      used for recognition of angles by their size. Certain combinations of angles
      differentiated not by size, but by orientation of their sides, are recognized by
      the mechanism of comparison with a standard.

PMID- 1210663
TI  - [Sensory characteristics of the cortical input to the hippocampus: the entorhinal
      cortex].
AB  - Sensory reactions of neurones in the medial entorhinal area were investigated in
      unanaesthetized rabbits. 54% of the units were multimodal. Different stimuli
      evoked various response patterns with complex on-off components. Differential
      coding of pure tones was observed in many cells, which were also sensitive to
      other sensory modalities. Complete habituation of responses was virtually absent;
      only partial reduction of the late components was observed in some cases. In 71%
      of units reactions were stable or incremental (gradual development and increase).
      It may be concluded that from the entorhinal cortex the hippocampus receives
      highly differentiated signals of "associative" type, which do not habituate and
      are of a stable or incremental nature.

PMID- 1210664
TI  - [Manifestation of integrative activity in the neuronally isolated cortex].
AB  - By the slow bioelectrical activity parameter, with vector representation of
      experimental data, an attempt was made to reveal elements of integrative activity
      in the neuronally isolated cortex at early stages after its isolation from
      subcortical formations. Animals with an intact cerebral cortex were used as
      controls. It has been found that in spite of isolation of the cerebral cortex
      from synaptic influences of the subcortical structures, it possesses even at
      early stages after isolation (10--17th day) its own mechanisms of integrative
      activity, providing for the organization of background and evoked activity which
      are gradually normalized by the 30th to 40th day, without however reaching the
      level of activity of the intact cerebral cortex.

PMID- 1210665
TI  - [Electrographic registration of metabolic changes in the cerebral cortex evoked
      by sensory stimuli].
AB  - In chronic experiments on rabbits, sensory stimuli from platinum electrodes,
      located on pia mater in different parts of the cerebral cortex, may produce
      negative changes of the electrode potential or bioelectrochemical potential
      (BEChP) lasting from one to dozens of seconds with an amplitude from tenths of
      millivolts to several millivolts. Sometimes the amplitude of BEChP changes
      amounted to dozens of millivolts. When recorded from dura mater the changes were
      much smaller, and in the bone they could not be detected. The evoked BEChP
      changes appeared only against the background of high initial negative values of
      the electrode potential (2-3 mv and more) and when the electrodes were not
      polarized by the amplifier input. A low resistance at the amplifier input
      contributed to the appearance of evoked BEChP changes. The BEChP change is a
      complex phenomenon. On one hand, it involves a change of the electrode potential
      proper which proceeds from shifts in the redox systems (it is recorded both on
      platinum and golden electrodes) and from changes in the metabolites' content (to
      which platinum electrodes alone are selectively sensitive). On the other hand,
      the participation of polarographic processes is also probable. The BEChP changes
      differ by their latency and by their pattern from the shifts of the DC potential
      level; this possibly shows that the two kinds of nervous activity manifestaions
      are related to different aspects of brain tissue activity.

PMID- 1210666
TI  - [Spatial perception of stimuli during unilateral exclusion of the temporal
      portion of the neocortex by cold].
AB  - Behavioral reaction of twelve cats were studied in conditions of inactivation by
      cold of the temporal area (AI, AII, Ep and partly I-T) of one hemisphere. A
      typical vestibular ataxy was observed: deflection of the cats when walking,
      circular movements in the direction of the inactivated temporal area. Orienting
      reactions both to acoustic and photic stimuli persisted, but their spatial
      localization was completely lost. In every case the animals exhibited a clear
      orienting reaction towards the inactivated hemisphere, regardless of the
      localization of the source of signal. Reactions ot pain and olfactory
      stimulations likewise proceded in one direction. such a one-sided perception of
      sounds in the case of inactivation by cold of the temporal neocortex of one
      hemispheres is apparently due to the functional elimination of contralateral
      auditory structures. Disturbance of adequate spatial perception of photic, pain
      and olfactory stimuli under similar conditions results from a sharp drop in the
      tone predominantly of the ipsilateral hemisphere.

PMID- 1210667
TI  - [The influence of early experience on the development of cleaning responses in
      rabbits during ontogenesis].
AB  - A comparison was made of the number of spontaneous cleaning reactions (washing,
      scratching, licking and shaking) in young rabbits from the seventh to 42nd day of
      life in different conditions: in the home cage, when first placed in the
      experimental chamber, after several repeated (daily) stays in the chamber, and
      after handling. It has been found that when first placed in the chamber the
      rabbits perform there significantly fewer cleaning reactions than in the home
      cage; while those which have repeatedly been in the experimental situation,
      perform considerably more cleaning reactions in the chamber than the intact
      rabbits of the same age in the home cage. The handled rabbits when they first get
      into the chamber, also exhibit more reactions than in the cage. This activating
      influence of early experience goes on for two to three weeks and is followed by
      habituation, and the number of cleaning reactions in the cage and in the chamber
      becomes equal. The results are discussed in terms of novelty of the environment,
      sensitization and habituation.

PMID- 1210668
TI  - [The effect of motor training on evoked sensorimotor cortex potentials in rats
      during ontogenesis].
AB  - Investigation into the influence of motor training on the functional activity of
      the rat sensorimotor cortex in ontogenesis has shown that three to four-month
      training, starting at the age of four weeks, leads to a statistically significant
      enhancement of sensorimotor cortex activity both by latencies and recovery cycles
      durations. A similar six to seven-month locomotor training produces the same
      statistically significant results. The differences in the shifts of functional
      activity after motor training observed between two age groups are not
      statistically significant. The probability of changes in the average definitive
      electrophysiological parameters of functional activity after motor training
      observed between two age groups are not statistically significant. The
      probability of changes in the average definitive electrophysiological parameters
      of functional activity of the sensorimotor cortex is suggested in rats aged more
      than a month, as a result of individual experience.

PMID- 1210669
TI  - [The effect of etimizol on the excitability and spontaneous super-slow activity
      of the structures of the rabbit brain].
AB  - Spontaneous superslow electrical brain activity and its changes were studied in
      acute experiments on curarized rabbits after administration of etimysol in doses
      of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.5 mg/kg. The effect of the drug persisted for three hours. Two
      oscillation phases were recorded in the medial group of mesencephalic reticular
      nuclei and the lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus: a short positive phase and a
      prolonged negative one. In other brain structures only negative waves were
      recorded. A significant functional rearrangement of correlative connections of
      brain structures took place in 90 minutes after the drug administration. The
      factor analysis showed that the most subtle connections were preserved in the
      neocortex and the dorsal hippocampus.

PMID- 1210670
TI  - [The effect of M-cholinolytics on the lability of rabbit visual analyzer
      structures].
AB  - The influence of M-cholinolytics (amizyl, glipine, cyclozyl and 4
      oxypiperidylbenzylate) in 0.01--10 mg/kg doses on EEG and photic driving in
      structures of the visual analyser was studied in experiments on twenty intact
      rabbits with chronically implanted electrodes in the optic chiasm, the optic
      tract, the lateral geniculate body and the visual cortex. All M-cholinolitics in
      the doses studied produced synchronization of the EEG. Photic stimulation against
      the background of small doses of M-cholinolytics (0.01--0.5 mg/kg) did not lead
      to any disturbances of photic driving. With increased doses of cholinolitics up
      to 1--5 mg/kg only low frequencies (1--5 imp/sec) produced driving in the lateral
      geniculate body and the visual cortex, while in the optic tract the driving
      remained at the initial level. Administration of drugs in a 10 mg/kg dose
      resulted in complete depression of the driving response in the lateral geniculate
      body and visual cortex, while in the optic tract the driving was retained.

PMID- 1210671
TI  - [Integration of excitation in a mollusk neuron].

PMID- 1210672
TI  - [A device for experimental cerebral hypo-(hyper) thermia].

PMID- 1210673
TI  - [An automated method for studying instrumental conditioned reflexes to chemical
      stimuli in fishes].

PMID- 1210674
TI  - [A method of recording crayfish claw dactylopod movements in freely moving
      animals].

PMID- 1210675
TI  - [An electrode for cortical electrophosphene prosthesis of vision for blind
      persons].

PMID- 1210676
TI  - [Excitability cycles of direct cortical responses during elaboration of
      conditioned defense reflexes in dogs].
AB  - Direct cortical responses (DCRs) to paired stimuli were studied in chronic
      experiments in dogs during elaboration of classical and instrumental defensive
      conditioned reflexes. The DCRs were recorded with 20 to 250 ms intervals between
      stimuli. Paired and single electrical stimulations of the middle suprasylvian
      gyrus given with a frequency of one per second were used as conditioned stimuli
      and were reinforced in a similar way. During electrical cutaneous stimulation of
      the dog's paw and to an even greater extent during isolated action of the
      conditioned stimulus the initial negativity of the testing DCR became shorter and
      the degree of its depression diminished. In the case of a following period of
      facilitation, its degree became greater. It was higher at a distance of 4 to 5 mm
      from the point of stimulation than at a distance of 2 to 3 mm. During isolated
      action of the conditioned stimulus, the degree of facilitation was higher than at
      the period of the possible action of the unconditioned stimulus. The greatest
      shorterning of the DCR excitability cycle was observed immediately before and
      during the conditioned lifting of the dog's paw. Excitability cycles of DCR, and
      possibly of other evoked potentials as well, are a more sensitive indicator of
      the function state of the cerebral cortex than responses to single stimuli. For
      this reason it appears promising to use them in studying conditioned reflexes.

PMID- 1210677
TI  - [Direct current self stimulation in rats].
AB  - In experiments on 16 male albino rats a phenomenon of self-stimulation of the
      hypothalamic structures has been produced by a DC anode and cathode, with 20 to
      100 microamperes intensity. DC self-stimulation consists in regular succession of
      approaching the pedal, staying on the pedal and leaving it, i. e. a succession of
      states of motivational drive, reinforcement and avoidance. In a number of cases
      the conditioned reflex of self-stimulation is not extinguished for two to three
      days after switching off the current.

PMID- 1210678
TI  - [The influence of recognition of a visual stimulus on evoked potentials of the
      projection and non-projection areas of the cerebral cortex].
AB  - Evoked potentials (EP) were recorded in the projection and non-projection areas
      of the cerebral cortex in juveniles in response to exposures of structured visual
      stimuli with subthreshold and supraliminal durations. The data obtained have
      shown that recognition of the presented stimulus is attended with intensification
      of the EP late complex. This effect is most pronouned in the central and frontal
      parts of the cortex. The Nv component with a 240 to 300 msec latency has a more
      regular connection with recognition as compared with other components.

PMID- 1210679
TI  - [Trace reactions following combination of a sensory stimulus with polarization of
      the visual region of the cortex].
AB  - Spontaneous activity and responses to photic flashes and tones of 133 neurones
      were recorded in the visual cortex during polarization of the same area (1.5 to
      10 muA, 5 to 30 min) and after it (one to 52 min). Responses of cells to two
      unimodal stimuli of different parameters were analysed, of which one was
      presented repeatedly during the polarization ("positive"), and the other one to
      three times ("negative"). Depending on the previous "learning", 47.4% of the
      units responded after the polarization to "positive" photic stimulus and 37,8%-
      to acoustic stimulus. The trace effects of the stimuli pairings are reproduced in
      polarization after-effect by the action of the sensory signal alone. The recorded
      differences in the nature and duration of the reproduction of trace processes
      formed to an adequate and inadequate stimuli, are due to the dissimilar action of
      polarizing currents on neurones of the cortex cross-section and to different
      effectivity of the visual and non-visual influences related to it.

PMID- 1210680
TI  - [Conidioned reflex and polarization salivation].
AB  - The paper outlines some characteristics of salivation arising under the action of
      DC anode on the parietal areas of the dog's head. It is suggested that
      peculiarities and characteristics of salivation induced by a DC anode coincide
      with those described with regard to conditioned salivation.

PMID- 1210681
TI  - [The relationship between the formation of trace reactions and the functional
      state of rats of different genetic lines].
AB  - The level of excitability of the nervous system was enhanced in rats of the
      Krushinsky--Molodkina (K--M) and Wistar (W) lines by means of dynamic and static
      physical loads and injections of different doses of al-amphetamine. It was shown
      that a higher level of excitability of the central nervous system produced in
      both lines of rats improved memory  and increased the rate of formation of a
      conditioned active aboidance reflex (CAAR). A greater physical load or dose of
      the stimulant drug in the K-M line of rats resulted in a decrease of all
      parameters characterizing CAAR, while in the other line they rose in progression.
      The data obtained are believed to be related to a different genetically
      conditioned initial level of excitability in the indicated lines of rats--a
      higher one in the K--M line animals as compared with the W line rats, which
      determines a different norm of the nervous system responsiveness in the indicated
      groups of animals.

PMID- 1210682
TI  - [The effect of monoamine oxidase inhibition on formation, fixation and
      reproduction of temporary connections].
AB  - An administration of 100 to 300 mg/kg doses of iprazid to rats and mice leads in
      24 hours to a considerably higher serotonin and noradrenaline content in the
      brain. Defensive conditioning against this background proceeds in the same way as
      in control animals but the retention of elaborated reflexes is sharply disturbed.
      A similar effect is produced by 5-oxytryptophane. An iprazid administration after
      conditioning does not disturb the retention and subsequent achievement of the
      reflex. Inclusion of S35-methionine in the total proteins of the mice brain does
      not change under the influence of iprazid. A conclusion has been drawn that
      inhibition of monoaminoxidase by iprazid does not prevent the formation and
      reproduction of temporary connections, but deeply disturbs their fixation. It is
      suggested that the revealed disturbances of fixation of temporary connections are
      due to the accumulation of serotonin in the brain, which suppresses the protein
      synthesis in the synaptosomes or that of specific proteins.

PMID- 1210683
TI  - [The effect of lysergic acid diethylamide on memory in mice].
AB  - In experiments on mice of the BALB/c strain a study was made of the influence of
      lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the retention and reproduction of a
      conditioned passive avoidance reaction (CPAR). A 0.5-3.0 mg/kg of LSD Injected
      intraperitoneally 10 min. before the learning procedure, worsened the CPAR
      retention, while a 0.2 mg/kg of LSD Improved it. The drug (0.2 mg/kg) facilitated
      the retrieval of the reaction, which did not manifest itself in 24 and 48 hours
      after learning. This effect depended on the strength of the unconditioned
      stimulus presented during learning as well as on the time intervals between the
      moments of learning and testing. Facilitated CPAR retrieval was observed only
      during the action of the drug and disappeared in 24 hours after its
      administration. The possible physiological mechanisms of LSD influence on memory
      processes are discussed.

PMID- 1210684
TI  - [The effect of dorsal and ventral hippocampal lesions on short-term memory in
      cats].
AB  - The influence of lesion of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus on short-term
      memory was studied by the method of delayed conditioned reactions. It has been
      shown that after lesion of the dorsal hippocampus the delay considerably
      increases and that subsequent lesion of the ventral hippocampus completely
      eliminates delayed reactions. A conclusion has been drawn that the dorsal
      hippocampus has an inhibitory influence and the ventral hippocampus a
      facilitating effect on short-term memory. However the existence of a modulating
      effect does not imply that the hippocampus is a specific substrate of memory. A
      considerable part in the mechanism of memory is also played by other brain
      structures, which are activated together with the hippocampus. Particular
      importance is attached to activation of the bentromedial and lateral hypothalamus
      and the cortical associative areas.

PMID- 1210685
TI  - [Adaptive changes in the evoked electrical activity of the rat brain while
      training it in a controlled experiment].
AB  - A programmed change of a certain phase of cortical EP to a photic flash was
      reinforced in an unrestrained chronically operated animal (a rat) in the course
      of an operant controlled experiment. A painful subcutaneous stimulation or
      stimulation of the emotionally positive zone of the lateral hypothalamus was used
      as a reinforcing agent. It has been shown that painful stimulation is a more
      effective reinforcing agent than brain stimulation. Synchronous recordings
      pointed to a distinct correlation of activity in some structures (field CA1 of
      the hippocampus) with that of the visual cortex, while in others the EP form
      characteristically changed at different stages of learning (thalamic reticular
      nucleus), and in still others, there were no EP changes (midbrain reticular
      formation) at any stage of learning.

PMID- 1210686
TI  - [The latent period of a conditioned motor reaction in dogs and cats].
AB  - A study was made of the temporal characteristics of motor reactions in cats and
      dogs to an instantaneous change in the shape of a photic signal. The latency
      value is an individual characteristic of the animal; it undergoes only slight
      fluctuations on different experimental days. No influence has been found of the
      intersignal interval magnitude (8--70 sec) on the duration of latencies. Longer
      experiment (about 300 signals in three hours) leads to longer latencies and their
      greater variability.

PMID- 1210687
TI  - [The vegetative component of a conditioned reflex].
AB  - Defensive and alimentary conditioned reflexes were studied on normal cats and
      cats with neural isolation of the neocortex. The cardiac component of the
      conditioned reflexes is elaborated in decorticated animals at a similar rate and
      is as steady as in normal cats. Motor conditioned reactions in decorticated cats
      are difficult to elaborate. Both in normal and decorticated cats unconditioned
      pain stimulation evokes tachycardia, while a conditioned signal, paired with this
      unconditioned stimulus, produces bradicardia. Ban assumption has been made that
      the primary conditioned reaction consists in the appearance of a certain
      emotional state which changes the cardiac rhythm in a typical way.

PMID- 1210688
TI  - [The effect of electric stimulation of several zones of the brain on verbal
      memory in humans].
AB  - Investigations of patients with implanted in intracerebral electrodes have shown
      that within some subcortical structures there exist neuronal-glial populations in
      which the dynamics of their functional state, according to the results of local
      recording of slow processes (oxygen tension, local blood flow, impedance),
      clearly correlates with the correct performance of the tests on operative memory.
      Electrical stimulation of some of the zones significantly changes the volume of
      operative memory and influences the general state and higher psychic functions in
      the patients. The result of electrical stimulation of the brain is determined by
      the role of different zones in the mnestic act and by the stage at which the
      stimulation is performed. The role of the cerebral zones is discussed in which
      the change of the functional state correlated with errors in tests reproduction,
      the detectors of errors in securing human memory.

PMID- 1210689
TI  - [Linguistic features of the structure of verbal expression in emotional stress].
AB  - Comparative analysis was carried out of the linguistic characteristics of oral
      speech, recorded in 68 subjects in a state of anxiety (students in examination
      situation; surgical patients in preoperative interview; air force operators
      undergoing responsible professional-proficiency tests) and of speech disturbances
      in patients with damages in the parts of the brain which play a significant role
      in the control of stress and emotional behaviour. The results obtained allow to
      conclude, that speech disturbances of normal subjects in a state of anxiety are
      caused by physiological factors and thus can be used as objective indices of the
      speaker's emotional state, since they are similar to those of the patients with
      damages in the region of the temporal lobe, intimately connected with limbic
      structures.

PMID- 1210690
TI  - [A study of the complex of vegetative-somatic components during elaboration of
      the generalized meaning of words].
AB  - Characteristics of interrelations in the complex of vegetative-somatic components
      (cardio-vascular, respiratory and motor) in conditioning to verbal signals
      denoting action were studied in children aged from one year nine months up to two
      years six months. The formation of a signal significance of verbal stimuli is
      accompanied by a progressive rise in the level of synchronous interrelations
      between vegetative components.

PMID- 1210691
TI  - [Shape recognition and image orientation in young children].
AB  - A comparison was made of recognition of images in the direct and inverse "top
      bottom" orientation. A child two and a half years old was to find the test image
      on the response card or to give a verbal reply. The verbal responses have shown
      that the child identifies well both the shape and orientation of the images. In
      experiments with the response card, the presentation of images in inverse
      orientation did not result in any mistakes in recognizing the shape nor did it
      prolong the latency of the reaction, and no correlation was found between the
      orientation of the presented and the response figures. A child trained to find
      images of both similar shape and orientation is incapable of indicating properly
      the orientation of an image presented for a limited time period. These facts are
      interpreted in terms of the hypothesis of multichannel transfer of information
      about the pattern in the visual system.

PMID- 1210692
TI  - [Behavioral, electrophysiologic and vegetative correlates of self stimulation in
      dogs].
AB  - Summary electrical activity of different brain structures (chiefly the
      hippocampal theta-rhythm) and cardiac and respiratory rhythms were recorded
      during self-stimulation (SS) in dogs. Emotional-motivational excitation in dogs,
      preceding SS, is attended with a moderate increase in theta-activity in the
      hippocampus. The SS period is characterized by desynchronization of the
      electrical activity, the appearance of high-frequency rhythmics and diminished
      theta-rhythm. After withdrawal of the pedal, hypersynchronization of the theta
      rhythm sets in in most of the structures studied. SS is accompanied by
      considerable shifts of the cardiac and respiratory rhythms. The dynamics of
      behavioral, electrophysiological and vegetative shifts during SS in dogs points
      to a successive involvment of the brain mechanisms of search, positive
      reinforcement and emotional-negative interruption of the pedal pressing series.
      Complex interaction of the three mechanisms underlies the external phenomenology
      of the SS instrumental conditioned reflex.

PMID- 1210693
TI  - [Direct cortical responses to electric stimulation with different frequencies in
      chronic experiments on dogs].
AB  - Direct cortical responses (DCR) to a series of electrical stimuli with a
      frequency of I to 50 per second with 10 to 20 pulses in each series were studied
      in chronic experiments on dogs. The nature of cortical responses differed,
      depending on stimulation parameters. As the stimulation frequency increased, the
      amplitude and number of late DCR components decreased, and with further increase
      of frequency, the early components decreased as well. The following types of
      responses were revealed: recruiting, intermittent and decremental. As the
      stimulation frequency increased all the three types of responses could be
      obtained in one and the same cortical point. Recruiting was not typical of high
      amplitude and multi-component DCR with a long phase of depression of initial
      negativity and slightly pronounced short-term subsequent facilitation, while the
      intermittent type of response appeared at lower frequencies than in other dogs (5
      to 10 per sec). A decremental type of response was observed in all the dogs at a
      stimulation frequency higher than 30 per sec. The duration of the series of after
      discharges to a burst of electrical pulses depended on the pattern of the DCR to
      a single stimulus and on the intensity and frequency of stimulation. With similar
      parameters of stimulation, the greater the amplitude and the longer the duration
      of the slow negative DCR wave, the longer the period of after-discharges
      following a series of stimuli.

PMID- 1210694
TI  - [Instrumental and classical reflexes with water reinforcement].
AB  - Thirsty dogs were learned to regulate the supply of water by flexing the paw. The
      movement was effective only during an acoustic stimulation, either immediately at
      its beginning, or 10 to 20 sec. after its isolated action. The acoustic signal
      produced both flexion of the paw (instrumental reflex) and rhythmic swallowing
      movements which preceded the moment when water was fed into the mouth (classical
      conditioned reflex). The effect of prolongation of the isolated acoustic
      stimulation was manifested with extinction of the classical conditioned reflex
      and activation of the instrumental one.

PMID- 1210695
TI  - [Motor alimentary conditioned reflexes and delayed reactions in dogs following
      destruction of the caudate nucleus].
AB  - The characteristics of formation and achievement of motor conditioned reactions
      were studied in seventeen dogs before and after the lesion of head or body of the
      caudate nucleus. It has been shown that the degree of higher nervous activity
      disturbances depends on the localization of injuries in the nucleus, and on the
      complexity of the tests used. The caudate nucleus exerts a modulating effect on
      the parameters of motor conditioned reflexes and takes a direct part in the
      structure of delayed reflexes. Lesion of the caudate nucleus body is attended
      with more serious disturbances of higher nervous activity than lesion of its
      head.

PMID- 1210696
TI  - [An EEG-study of participation by the head of the dog caudate nucleus in
      alimentary conditioned reflex activity].
AB  - It was shown during alimentary conditioning in dogs that in the "background"
      electrocaudatogram there are rhythms typical of the act of eating, which become
      more clearly pronounced under the action of the conditioned stimulus. The EEG of
      the caudate nucleus head sharply changed during discordance reactions. It has
      been assumed that the caudate nucleus head forms a link in the functional system
      of the alimentary conditioned reflex at stages of afferent synthesis and
      functioning of the action acceptor.

PMID- 1210697
TI  - [Conditioned reflex activity and several vegetative reactions in dogs during the
      recovery period following repeated reanimation].
AB  - Conditioned activity and vegetative reactions were studied in dogs which
      repeatedly underwent clinical death from electrical trauma and were reanimated by
      donor artificial blood circulation. (The first clinical death was provoked 15 to
      18 months prior to the repeated death and was caused by drowning and blood loss).
      On the first few days after reanimation the functions of the higher parts of the
      CNS and the vegetative nervous system were considerably disturbed. This was
      manifested in diminished effector reactions to conditioned stimuli, in narcotic
      and ultraparadoxal phases in conditioned activity, in tachycardia and a higher
      respiratory rate. The disturbances gradually diminished and by the 5th to 13th
      day following reanimation completely disappeared. The nature and depth of the
      disturbances correlated with the basic properties of the animals' type of higher
      nervous activity. The conditioned reactions were restored despite the retained
      pronounced dystrophic and destructive changes in the cerebral cortex. This is
      significant proof of important compensatory capacity for conditioned activity in
      dogs.

PMID- 1210698
TI  - [Complex alimentary motor conditioned reflex reactions in cats and dogs].
AB  - The ability of animals to perform a complex motor task representing a model of
      compensatory discrete tracing was investigated in dogs and cats. Elongation of a
      light spot on an oscilloscope screen into a vertical line served as a signal of
      motor reaction. The reaction consisted in several movements, each of which
      reduced the initial signal change by 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/5 of its value.
      Alimentary reinforcement was given only after a reduction of the signal to its
      initial level. Signals with a different number of steps of transition to their
      initial state were presented at random. It was found that learned animals were
      capable of a stable behaviour of a compensatory discrete tracing type. A
      hypothesis has been advanced about a probabilistic participation of visual
      control in the realization of tracing motor behaviour.

PMID- 1210699
TI  - [The disinhibitory influence of the activating system when artificially excited
      from different points in the brain].
AB  - EEG activation can be produced by electrical stimulation of some cortical points
      with the same threshold current strength as by the midbrain RF and thalamic CM
      stimulation. Near-threshold stimulation of all these points acting simultaneously
      with inhibitory conditioned signals does not disturb the effector inhibition but
      displays an EEG difference between negative signals: the fine differentiation
      sound evokes considerable EEG desynchronization, while the rough one does not
      change the background rhythms. The same stimulation combined with a positive
      signal which has been made ineffective by successive inhibition or extinction,
      reestablishes the intensive EEG activation in response to this signal and the
      effector conditioned reflex. Therefore a mode-rate additional stimulation of the
      activating points in the cortex, RF and CM has a disinhibitory influence. When
      initiated in the cortex this influence may be transmitted from the cortical point
      to other parts of the brain along transcortical and corticofugal connections.

PMID- 1210700
TI  - [Electroencephalographic characteristics in animals with different typologic
      characteristics of their higher nervous activity].
AB  - Manifestation of typological characteristics of higher nervous activity in EEG
      energo-(amplitude-) frequency parameters were studied in chronic experiments on
      cats in a state of rest. EEG Of the animals of a strong nervous system type were
      characterized by a comparatively steady prevalence of alpha-activity and a stable
      relationship between the summary energy parameters of the basic frequencies. The
      brain electrical activity of cats with a weak type of higher nervous activity was
      in some cases characterized by instability of the general pattern: the summary
      parameter of each rhythm often changed, while at different intervals of time any
      of them could be recorded as predominant; in other cases slow waves were steadily
      prominent, and the summary energy of alpha-activity was low.

PMID- 1210701
TI  - [Avoidance reactions to painful stimulation of another individual following
      destruction of the rat amygdala].
AB  - Experiments in male albino rats have shown that bilateral lesion of the amygdala
      does not prevent avoidance conditioning to pain stimulation of another rat,
      improvement of the reaction after a painful action of the experimental animal and
      its extinction after the discontinuation of pain stimulation of the partner.
      Amygdalectomy performed after elaboration of a conditioned avoidance reaction,
      improves or worsens it, depending on which of the two rivaling motivations
      (sensitivity to signals of the other animal or fear of an open field) relatively
      predominanted in the given animal before the operation. The facts obtained
      suggest that the amygdala may be classified as belonging to the system of brain
      structures, where the "interrupting function" of emotions is achieved directing
      the behaviour to meet the predominant need.

PMID- 1210702
TI  - [The effect of different activating influences on the self stimulation reaction].
AB  - A study was made of the influence on self-stimulation of non-painful sensory
      stimuli of different modalities, and of intra-brain stimulations of emotionally
      positive and neutral points with the wiew to elucidate the specificity of certain
      functional relations appearing during interaction between emotionally negative
      and positive conditions. The data obtained attest that the influence of various
      excitation sites on self-stimulation reactions depends not so much on the
      strength of the stimuli, as on the specific neurophysiological organization of
      emotionally negative zones in the brain. A reciprocal enhancement of excitation
      of self-stimulation zones points to a certain non-specificity of positively
      reinforced structures.

PMID- 1210703
TI  - [Changes in the ultrastructure of the cerebral cortex in rats during learning and
      in disorders of higher nervous activity].
AB  - The results are outlined of a complex study of the ultrastructure of the rat
      cerebral cortex after learning and higher nervous activity disturbance. In the
      case of learning with preliminary stimulation with al-amphetamine or without it,
      the subcortical processes in the motor and auditory analysers of the cerebral
      cortex are characterized by sharp structural-functional activation of the
      apparatus of energy supply, of protein synthesis and of the synaptic zones. The
      length of the synaptic active zones increases, and extensive development of spine
      apparatuses is recorded in the postsynaptic area in the form of intricate
      membrane complexes. Quite the contrary, in cases of higher nervous activity
      disturbances, destruction of the organelles and desintegration of spine
      apparatuses is clearly pronounced. The question of the role of the latter in the
      memory processes is discussed.

PMID- 1210704
TI  - [Reactions of premature children suffering intracranial birth injury to color
      stimuli].
AB  - The dynamics of formation of integrated reactions to colour stimuli is
      substantially disturbed in babies of the first three months of life. Stable
      disturbances in the development of reactions by EEG and somato-vegetative
      components parameters, accompanied by changes of the neurological status in
      children with severe symptoms of intracranial delivery trauma, testify to a
      profound and stable disturbance of the CNS functions and to a change in cortico
      subcortical relationships, possibly in connection with an organic lesion of the
      brain. In the case of a less severe trauma, the dinamics of the formation of
      reactions is normalized prior to the improvement of the clinical state and is a
      good prognostic phenomenon. In the light of published data, changes in the
      vegetative components of reactions in traumatized babies are regarded as
      resulting from compensatory reactions of the hypothalamic structures to hypoxia.

PMID- 1210705
TI  - [Correlation between electrical activity in symmetrical regions of the cerebral
      cortex and unilateral lesions].
AB  - Functional interrelations between cerebral hemispheres, and particularly, between
      their symmetrical areas, were studied during compensatory processes in patients
      with tumours localized in one of the hemispheres. Analysis of spontaneous
      electrical activity before the operation on the tumour revealed several types of
      interhemispheric relations. The existence of a sharply pronounced pathological
      activity in one hemisphere, testifying to inactivation of cortical cells, is, as
      a rule, accompanied by activation in the intact hemisphere, especially in the
      areas symmetrical with those injured. In cases of less pronounced pathology, with
      partial retention of activity of the cortical cells in the injured areas of the
      affected hemisphere, a lesser degree of activation is observed in the intact
      hemisphere. The data point to a development of substituting-compensatory
      processes in the areas of the intact hemisphere symmetrical with the injured ones
      and to the possibility of testing the processes electrophysiologically.

PMID- 1210706
TI  - [An EEG study of different behavioral states of freely moving dolphins].
AB  - ECoG and EMG of neck and eye muscles of four free moving dolphins were recorded
      during sleep-wakefulness cycle through chronically implanted electrodes.
      Wakefulness is accompanied by desynchronized ECoG, and slow sleep by synchronized
      ECoG, including the sleep spindles and theta- and delta-waves. The standard EMG
      criteria do not allow the discrimination between fast sleep and wakefulness in
      dolphins. Behavioral observations alone do not inform about dolphin's sleep or
      wakefulness. The respiration of dolphins may be observed during bilateral ECoG
      synchronization in slow sleep without arousal. ECoG synchronization as well as
      desynchronization may be observed when the contralateral eye is open.

PMID- 1210707
TI  - [Electrical activity of the limbic structures of the dog brain during
      simultaneous stimulation of the cingulate gyrus and hypothalamus].
AB  - Simultaneous electrical stimulation of the anterior part of the cingulate gyrus
      and the anterior-lateral part of the hypothalamus in the dog brought about EEG
      synchronization in the limbic system structures and increased correlation
      coefficients between them. The animal's behaviour exhibited positive emotionally
      reactions (licking, sniffing, wagging the tail), attended with slowing of the
      heart rate. The indicated changes directly depend on the degree of emotional
      stress (the changes are more pronounced in hungry than in sated animals).
      Simultaneous stimulation of the anterior part of the cingulate gyrus and the
      anterior-lateral part of the hypothalamus apparently activates a system which
      reduces the level of emotional stress.

PMID- 1210709
TI  - [The effect of adrenalectomy and replacement therapy on elaboration of
      conditioned defense reflexes in rats].

PMID- 1210708
TI  - [Sensory characteristics of the cortical input of the hippocampus, the dentate
      fascia].
AB  - Investigation of sensory reactions of the neurones of the dentate fascia was
      performed in unanaesthetized rabbits. Spontaneous activity usually consisted of
      long aperiodic high-frequency bursts with silent periods between them. Multimodal
      convergence was observed in 76% of records. Responses to sensory stimuli
      constituted three nearly equal groups: 1 -- tonic inhibitory reactions; 2--phasic
      (equal to stimulus duration) activatory responses; 3--simple "specific" responses
      of on-type, sometimes with secondary phasic components. In one microelectrode
      track, perpendicular to the double lamina of granular cells, all neurones usually
      responded in the same fashion.

PMID- 1210711
TI  - [A mathematical analysis of the dynamics of conditioned reflex formation].

PMID- 1210710
TI  - [The effect of destruction of the medial lemnisci on visual recognition in cats].

PMID- 1210712
TI  - [Interrelationship between the cutaneous and motor analyzers of the cat cerebral
      cortex].

PMID- 1210713
TI  - [Physiologic characteristics of systems of conditioned connections during urgent
      formation of a program of action].
AB  - Examination of preschool age children has shown that instantaneous formation of a
      system is possible only on the basis of integration of conditioned reflexes,
      which are differentiated by the nature or strength of reinforcement. Integration
      of previously elaborated conditioned reflexes is more successful if the initial
      systems of conditioned connections were in a state of conditioned tonic
      excitation of an optimal strength. Uniformly strong or uniformly weak stability
      of all reflexes in the system renders it inert, hence makes it a poor basis for
      instantaneous formation of a new system.

PMID- 1210714
TI  - [Neurophysiologic mechanisms of the formation of the signal significance of words
      in yound children].
AB  - It has been established by means of the auto- and cross-correlation EEG analysis
      of children in the second year of life that different functional systems of
      relationships of cortical structures are formed during the word perception
      depending on whether it is an indifferent or signal stimulus for the child. In
      response to indifferent words, synphasic oscillations of the biopotentials appear
      in the infero-parietal and temporal, as well as in the temporal and frontal zones
      of the dominant hemisphere, without enhancement of the periodic processes and
      without appearance of a common rhythm. Signal verbal stimuli produce enhanced
      highly synchronous, synphasic interconnections of the infero-parietal
      biopotentials not only with temporal, but more considerably so with the frontal
      activity of the left hemisphere. This is accompanied by increased periodicity of
      processes between them and the appearance of a predominant rhythm 4--5 osc/sec.

PMID- 1210715
TI  - [Organization of the spatial-temporal relationships of cerebral electrical
      processes in children during exposure to verbel commands].
AB  - An EEG cross-correlation analysis has shown that in children aged four to five
      years higher sensory analysis of verbal commands and their meaning was reflected
      in the nature of synchronous interactions between oscillatory processes and their
      spatial-temporal patterns. At the moment of perception of the command "listen"
      highly synchronous synphasic relations were recorded between biopotentials in the
      associative infero-parietal cortex and projection temporal centres of the left
      hemisphere. Oscillations of the parietal areas preceded the rhythms of the
      occipital, motor and frontal lobes in the left hemisphere; slow oscillations with
      a 3 osc/sec frequency predominated, and the intensity of the periodic processes
      increased. The command "look" evoked a high degree of synchronous synphasic
      relations of biopotentials in the parietal-occipital cortical parts of both
      hemispheres; oscillations with 6 osc/sec frequency predominated; their intensity
      rose; synphasic relations of oscillations in parietal and motor and temporal
      centres grew more manifest, while the rhythmic activity in the parietal zones
      preceded the potentials in the frontal lobes of both hemispheres.

PMID- 1210716
TI  - [Reversal of signal significance of stimuli in the avoidance reflex].
AB  - The course of reversal learning in go -- no go avoidance reflex differentiation
      in both cats and dogs was analysed in terms of interrelations between drive and
      instrumental reflex activity. When signalling properties of the conditioned
      stimuli were reversed, marked changes in the drive state of experimental animals
      occurred. The increase of the fear drive influenced both the transfer of the
      instrumental response to the new positive conditioned stimulus and the extinction
      of the response to the previously positive stimulus. The quality of the
      conditioned stimuli and their reflexogenic strength exerted clear effects on the
      fear drive and on the course of reversal learning. Prefrontal lesions affected
      the drive state and the conditioned reflex activity of the animals during the
      reversal learning.

PMID- 1210717
TI  - [The effect of electrostimulation of the caudate nucleus and somatosensory cortex
      on defensive instrumental reactions in dogs].
AB  - It has been shown that the effect of stimulation of the caudate nucleus head in
      the contralateral hemisphere differs at different stages of achievement of a
      defensive instrumental habit in dogs. Stimulation preceding the action of the
      conditioned signal or delivered simultaneously with the beginning of the latter
      did not change the criteria for the achievement of successive programs of the
      instrumental defensive reaction. Stimulation of the same areas in the last phase
      of the instrumental response, as a rule, lead to the cessation of instrumental
      movement. A conclusion has been drawn that in a defensive situation the
      inhibitory influence of the caudate nucleus on instrumental behaviour of intact
      dogs is not so sharply expressed as in experiments with alimentary reinforcement.
      In dogs with a preliminary ablation of the CI and CII cortical zones of the
      contralateral hemisphere, stimulation of the caudate nucleus head was attended
      with a sharp drop in every criterion of the instrumental defensive reactions.

PMID- 1210718
TI  - [Neurons of the rabbit midbrain reticular formation during a defensive
      conditioned reflex].
AB  - Analysis of unit activity of the midbrain reticular formation was carried out on
      alert rabbits during defensive conditioning. Most of the examined neurones
      exhibited phasic responses corresponding in time to the components of the evoked
      potential (EP) recorded in the cortical visual area in response to the
      "indifferent" stimulus, and to the conditioned stimulus and electric cutaneous
      reinforcement. The data obtained are considered from the standpoint of the
      Anokhin functional systems theory. A conclusion has been made regarding the
      participation of reticular units in providing all the basic mechanisms of the
      functional system of the behavioral act. Discharges of one and the same neurone
      may correspond to different components of the EPs to conditioned and
      unconditioned stimuli. In different behavioral acts a neurone may apparently
      participate in different systemic mechanisms.

PMID- 1210719
TI  - [Disorder and recovery of somatic sensitivity in cats with destruction of the
      afferent pathways of the spinal cord].
AB  - Somatic sensitivity was studied in intact cats and in the process of functions
      recovery after section of the posterior columns of the spinal cord and spino
      cervical tracts. The state of somatic sensitivity was estimated by the change in
      the thresholds of food-procuring conditioned reflexes to electrocutaneous
      stimulation of the anterior limb. After section of the posterior columns or the
      spino-cervical tracts at the level of the 2nd cervical segment, the threshold
      rose. It gradually decreased in parallel to the recovery of motor activity,
      without reaching the initial level. The section of both tracts (simultaneous or
      in two stages) resulted in an intensive rise of the threshold which decreased in
      the course of recovery of disturbed functions. Evidently only partial recovery of
      somatic sensitivity takes place in the process of compensation of functions
      following the lesion of specific afferent ways of the spinal cord, and motor
      activity may be achieved with a consdierable deficit of somatic sensitivity.

PMID- 1210720
TI  - [The effect of phenamine and caffeine on caudate inhibition of conditioned reflex
      avoidance reactions in cats].
AB  - In cats with a preliminarily learned conditioned avoidance reaction, stimulation
      of the caudate nucleus inhibited behavioral response by lengthening its latency
      and reducing the number of conditioned reactions. Intensity of the inhibitory
      effect did not substantially depend on the localization of electrodes in the head
      or body of the nucleus and weakened within a few experimental days. D,1
      amphetamine (0.5 to 4 mg/kg) and caffeine (10 to 10 mg/kg) suppressed the caudate
      inhibition, but the action of the drugs was manifested in different ways. The
      influence of large doses of d,1-amphetamine was characterized by a serious
      disturbance of behaviour and caudate inhibition of conditioned responses.

PMID- 1210721
TI  - [Changes in the configuration of conditioned reactions of visual cortex neurons
      during changes in reinforcement parameters].
AB  - In order to study the influences of controlled changes of defensive integration
      on the activity of visual cortical units their responses to a conditioned light
      flash and electric cutaneous stimulation with a 600 msec interval between them
      were recorded in experiments on alert rabbits. It has been shown that in a third
      of the neurones the types of reaction to light flashes and electric stimuli
      coincide. The changes in parameters of the reinforcing shock led to a changed
      response of most cells to the conditioned photic stimulus and electric
      stimulation. The changes may have affected units which produce any activation
      phase, including cells with activity characteristic of detectory ("simple" and
      "complex") visual neurones. The data obtained suggest that the special function
      of the visual cortex is used in different ways in systemic mechanisms of
      conditioned and unconditioned defensive acts and that the integrated system of a
      behavioral act exerts control both on the use of the unit in a certain systemic
      process and on its receptive field.

PMID- 1210722
TI  - [Monoaminergic influences of the caudate nucleus on conditioned food-getting
      reactions in rats].
AB  - Influence of microinjections of monoamines and glutamic acid into the caudate
      nucleus head on conditioned food-procuring reaction was studied in experiments on
      rats. Dopamine, noradrenaline and glutamic acid prolong the latency of the
      reflex, while serotonin reduces it. However, all the drugs tested reduce the
      number of conditioned food-procuring movements. The effects of dopamine are
      achieved through neurone receptors of the caudate nucleus which are sensitive to
      haloperidol and chlorpromazine; effects of serotonin are mediated through the D
      serotoninoreactive systems, and those of noradrenaline, through the alpha
      adrenoreactive systems of the neostriatum neurones. The inhibitory effect of
      glutamic acid is not due to the action on the serotonino-, adreno-, or dopamine
      receptors of caudate units.

PMID- 1210724
TI  - [The effect of multiple systematic knee reflex elicitation on its development in
      young children].
AB  - The development of the knee jerk was studied electromyographically in children of
      two groups: (a) a control group, where children of different age (from one to
      twelve months) were examined each only once, and (b) an experimental group, in
      which the knee jerk was elicited in each child repeatedly (every other day) for
      several months, beginning with the age of one to two of from five to six months.
      There was no difference between the two groups in the latencies of the phasic
      component of the reflex. Significant differences were found in the development of
      the tonic component: its disappearance, occurring with the growth of the child,
      took place in the experimental group much earlier than in the control one. Thus,
      intensive afferent stimulation, linked with multiple systematic evoking of the
      knee jerk, leads to substantial acceleration of the reflex development.

PMID- 1210723
TI  - [The intensity of RNA synthesis in rat hippocampus during learning].
AB  - Intensity of hippocampal RNA synthesis was studied in albino rats on days when
      elementary links of the chain motor conditioned reflex with food reinforcement
      were formed. A gradual increase in the nuclear RNA synthesis intensity was found
      in both learned and unlearned rats from the 1st towards the 5th day. This
      increase was, however, higher in the learned rats. A decrease was recorded in the
      difference in the intensity of the hippocampal nuclear RNA synthesis between the
      learned and unlearned rats from the 1st to the 5th day; this is possibly
      connected with the formation of certain mechanisms of memory consolidation, since
      the learned and unlearned rats differed in this property only.

PMID- 1210725
TI  - [Analysis of probabilistic characteristics of brain biopotentials in healthy
      humans using electronic computer technology].
AB  - Results are given of determination by means of a Minsk-22 electronic computer of
      the probabilistic characteristics and correlation coefficients for some
      parameters of the background EEG (frontal-occipital records) in a group of
      healthy subjects. The parameters studied (the number and amplitude of alpha- and
      other waves) are subject to the normal law of distribution of random values. A
      probabilistic model of background EEG has been plotted. Correlations between the
      factors of the statistic model of background EEG have been studied. The results
      presented in the paper may prove useful in studying the EEG characteristics and
      the functional state of the brain.

PMID- 1210726
TI  - [Neurophysiologic and biochemical aspects of visual system development in the
      rabbit under conditions of photic deprivation].
AB  - Changes in the functional state of the visual cortex were studied by behavioral
      and electrophysiological cues and the chemism of its neurones at the cellular and
      subcellular levels in rabbits raised for one to two months in the dark. It has
      been shown that visual deprivation leads to retarded dynamics of elaboration and
      consolidation of the conditioned defensive reflex to light and to changes of
      opposite signs of the visual cortex surface EPs to specific and non-specific
      stimuli. Typical of the EPs to photic stimuli is a considerable decrease in
      amplitude and longer latency as compared with normal, and enhanced amplitude and
      shorter latency to acoustic stimuli. It has been cytochemically established that
      about half of the pyramidal neurones of the visual cortex layer V of the
      experimental animals display features of biochemical underdevelopment (of the
      size of the cytoplasmatic mass, the protein reserve). Under the same conditions
      activity depression was revealed in cytochromoxydase, Na, P-ATPhase and ACHE,
      expressed to a different degree in separate subcellular fractions of the visual
      cortex. The MAO activity selectively augments in the subfraction of cholinergic
      synaptosomes. It has been assumed that functional and biochemical changes in
      different groups of the visual cortex neurones due to deprivation are linked with
      both the properties of the synaptic structures in regard to perception of
      impulses of different modalities and the peculiarities of their chemism.

PMID- 1210727
TI  - [Bilateral mechanisms of interference resistance in the striate cortex].
AB  - It has been shown that in animals with an intact corpus callosum the influence of
      photic interference is mainfested above all in EP depression. The degree of EP
      depression is directly dependent on the strength of the interference and is in
      inverse relationship with the strength of the determined stimulus. Against the
      background of a weak interference an other effect is possible in some cases, i.e.
      facilitation of the EP. These facts are interpreted as a result of postresponse
      subnormality of neurones and as excitation summation respectively. Section of the
      corpus callosum results in a weakening of the depressing effect of the photic
      interference on the EP appearing in response to a determined stimulus, and in an
      enhanced facilitating influence of weak photic interferences. A stronger
      influence of binocular photic interference as compared with the monocular one was
      observed in intact and callosotomized animals. A conclusion has been reached that
      the split brain has a stronger interference resistance as compared with the
      intact one.

PMID- 1210728
TI  - [Classification of cortical neurons according to the character of their
      background impulse activity].
AB  - The method of basic components and cluster analysis was used to classify 75 units
      in the visual cortex of alert rabbits, proceeding from the empiric form of
      distribution of interspike intervals (DII), the mean frequency of impulsation and
      the relative number of intervals up to 500 msec. They were classified into nine
      groups containing from two to twelve units. Besides the cues, used as a basis for
      classification, the groups of units also differed in the structure of burst
      activity, the correlation of adjacent intervals and the ratio between the short
      (up to 20 to 60 msec) and long intervals. The latter served to make suggestions
      on the genetic affinity of bimodal DII to those with a bend on the waning after
      the maximum, and on the nature of formation of high frequency bursts and
      intervals exceeding 20 to 60 msec.

PMID- 1210729
TI  - [An analysis of the interaction of the parietal and visual regions of the cortex
      with the posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus].
AB  - Cooling and ablation of the parietal associative (P) and primary visual
      projection (VI) areas in nembutalized cats revealed facilitating and inhibitory
      descending influences of the above areas on the postero-lateral nucleus (LP) of
      the ipsilateral thalamus where visual signals generate an early specific and a
      late unspecific components of heterogenous evoked responses. Unidirectional
      influences activating the early component and fully controlling the appearance
      and course of the late component are more manifest in P which is a part of the
      same associative brain system as LP; they are less manifest in VI which belongs
      to the projection system. At later cooling stages the centrifugal influences of P
      and VI are sometimes of opposite signs; this effect is connected with reciprocal
      relations between projection and association systems and processes or selfcontrol
      within the association system. The corticofugal effects also participate in the
      common activity of P and VI taking place to a certain degree at the level of the
      LP which activates these cortical structures.

PMID- 1210730
TI  - [The effect of stimulation of the deep layers of somatosensory zones CI and CII
      on the activity of motor zone MI of the cat cortex].
AB  - The influence of electrical stimulation of deep layers of the somatosensory zones
      CI and CII on unit responses and intercortical evoked potentials (IEP) in the
      motor cortical zone MI in projection areas of the anterior contralateral limb was
      studied in cats anaesthetized with Nembutal and immobilized with diplacine.
      Latencies of the main IEP components and their different behaviour during
      repeated stimulation, experimental hypoxia and Nembutal administration suggested
      the presence of intercortical connections of an oligo- and polysynaptic nature.
      Only 22% of the MI zone units proved to be responsive to CI and CII stimulation;
      the latencies of the unit discharges varied from 4.3 to 35 msec. A relatively
      smaller effectiveness of short-latency inputs from CI and CII to MI was recorded
      as compared with long latency ones.

PMID- 1210731
TI  - [Instrumental conditioned reflexes to stimulus ratio].

PMID- 1210732
TI  - [The dynamics of the state of cortical sites of signal and reinforcing stimuli
      according to indices of evoked electrical activity].

PMID- 1210734
TI  - [The effect of electrocutaneous stimulation on achievement of the extrapolation
      reflex].

PMID- 1210733
TI  - [Neuronal activity of the head of the caudate nucleus in cats during formation of
      alimentary motor conditioned reflexes].

PMID- 1210735
TI  - [Dynamics of the cutaneous-galvanic reflex in different stages and cycles of
      nocturnal sleep].

PMID- 1210737
TI  - [The mechanism of postinhibitory excitation in reactions of cerebral cortex
      neurons to direct stimulation].

PMID- 1210736
TI  - [The effect of polarization of the caudate nuclei on motor conditioned reactions
      in cats].

PMID- 1210738
TI  - [Self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in cats with different current
      parameters].

PMID- 1210740
TI  - [An automatically controlled micromanipulator for seeking out neurons when
      working with non-immobilized animals].

PMID- 1210739
TI  - [The constancy of form recognition with different inversions of visual stimuli in
      fish (Cyprinus carpio)].

PMID- 1210741
TI  - [Neurochemical mechanisms of the inhibitory influence of the hippocampus on the
      conditioned food-getting reaction in rats].
AB  - A study was made of the influence of microinjections of dopamine, noradrenaline,
      serotonin and glutamic acid into the dorsal hippocampus on the food-procuring
      conditioned reaction of rats. All the examined drugs lengthen the latency of the
      conditioned alimentary reaction. However, the number of pushes of the door
      leading to the feeding through and the magnitude of the reflex are increased by
      catecholamines and glutamic acid, but reduced by serotonin. The dopamine effects
      are achieved through archicortex neurones receptors, sensitive to haloperidol,
      the noradrenaline effects, through alpha-adrenoreactive, and of serotonin,
      through M-serotoninsensitive structures of the hippocampal neuronal systems. The
      modulating influence of glutamic acid on the food-procuring conditioned reaction
      is not connected with the active on dopamine-, adreno or serotonin neuronal
      receptors of the rat dorsal hippocampus.

PMID- 1210742
TI  - [The mechanism of action of a reinforcing stimulus].
AB  - Experiments on alert non-immobilized rabbits revealed that electrical cutaneous
      stimulation of a limb, used as a reinforcing agent in elaboration of a
      conditioned reflex to photic flashes, weakened slow polyrhythmic oscillations of
      background EEG and late components of evoked potentials in the visual cortex to
      photic flashes. Against this background, the connection between slow potentials
      and spike activity in both the visual and sensorimotor cortical areas
      considerably diminished. During EEG activation, induced by the reinforcing
      stimulus, inhibitory pauses and post-inhibitory activation in the firing of the
      neocortical units weakened and protracted, ordered spike activity appeared. The
      data obtained are in agreement with the hypothesis that weakening of the
      recurrent inhibition system is one of the basic mechanisms in the action of the
      reinforcing stimulus in conditioning.

PMID- 1210744
TI  - [Unidimensional tracking by school children].
AB  - Remote control of the movement of a toy automobile along a planned trajectory was
      determined in 40 schoolchildren (20 boys and 20 girls) of the 2nd form. The
      quality of tracing was evaluated by way of the mean square error. Problems of
      self-learning have been analysed both in the case of direct and reverse methods
      of control. It has been shown that self-learning consists in transition to the
      extrapolation nature of tracing. An attempt has been made to account for the
      differences in the precision of tracing between the groups of boys and girls
      proceeding from the evolution theory.

PMID- 1210743
TI  - [Conditioned reactions to time of hypothalamic neurons. The perifornical
      nucleus].
AB  - In 40% of the 52 neurones of the hypothalamic perifornical nucleus in alert
      rabbits conditioned trace reactions of the activational (52%) and inhibitory
      (48%) type were recorded in the course of elaboration of a conditioned motor
      reflex to time. The sign and pattern of the trace responses were determined by
      the nature of cell reactions to actual paired stimuli. After 50 to 70 pairings,
      the unit trace conditioned reaction to time persisted for a period of 10 to 15
      successive omissions. Trace responses were observed most frequently in the 5th of
      8th omissions. In some cases conditioned enhancement of cell activity coincided
      with the conditioned motor response to time. This fact together with the maximal
      development of a summery trace cellular response at the moment of formation of
      conditioned motor reactions attests the participation of neurones of the
      perifornical nucleus in maintaining conditioned motor activity.

PMID- 1210745
TI  - [The effect of neurotropic agents on evoked potentials of the association and
      projection regions of the cat neocortex].
AB  - Intensive non-specific inactivation of the cortex by means of its local cooling,
      in the cat anasthetized with nembutal, blocks in a similar way the early
      component of associative responses (ECAR) in the parietal area and the primary
      responses (PR) in the projection areas. In the case of local application of
      neurotropic drugs possessing specific and differentiated action on postsynaptic
      activity, the same ECAR changes require a somewhat higher concentration of the
      reagents as compared with the concentration that produces a similar PR
      transformation. The higher threshold of chemical sensitivity in ECAR than in the
      PR depends on the characteristics of the morpho-functional organization of the
      cortical formations. Dissimilar reactivity of the direct cortical response and of
      ECAR of the parietal area to the action of chemical drugs is related to the
      peculiarities of intracortical origin of these potentials which are due to the
      dissimilar nature of their generation in response to a direct and to a peripheral
      stimulation.

PMID- 1210746
TI  - [The effect of disconnecting the hippocampus from the septum on the activity of
      septal neurons].
AB  - Extracellular recording of neuronal activity was performed in the medial and
      lateral septal nuclei (MS and LS) in unanaesthetized rabbits after coagulation of
      septo-hippocampal connections. The MS neuronal activity had many pathological
      features. The LS activity was normal in every respect. Spontaneous activity,
      reactivity to sensory stimuli and main characteristics of responses to sensory
      stimuli were preserved in LS (and in a part of MS neurones). Sensory effects were
      augmented in intensity and duration, the number of neurones in LS with theta
      bursts increased twofold, theta-bursts were more regular, than in control
      animals. These effects may be explained by an increase of ascending RF
      influences, which is supported by the fact of outstanding similarity between
      sensory and reticular effects in septal neurones after hippocampal disconnection.
      The number of units with inhibition of activity in response to sensory stimuli
      decreased, habituation of responses was absent. That means that hippocampal
      influences are necessary for the organization of inhibitory phenomena in the
      septum, and, above all, for processes of gradual habituation.

PMID- 1210747
TI  - [An analysis of interneuronal connections in the auditory cortex of awake cats].
AB  - A statistical analysis has been made of the interaction of the auditory cortex
      units in alert cats with chronically implanted electrodes. Three neurones with an
      amplitude ratio of 4:2:1 were singled out from the multineuronal activity. The
      dependence between the firing of two neurones was determined by the cross
      interval histograms. The relationships between 78 pairs of units were studied in
      26 three units microsystems. About a third of the studied pairs functioned
      independently. The number of pairs with one-way and two-way connections was about
      equal (26 and 30 respectively). The neurones which generated spikes of high and
      medium amplitude, had the largest number of two-way connections. One-way
      connections were equally represented in all the three neurones, though with
      regard to direction they depended on the amplitude characteristics of the spikes.
      In neurones with large and medium spikes, output connections predominated, while
      in neurones with small spikes input connections predominated considerably. The
      connection could be of inhibitory, excitatory or mixed type. The inhibitory type
      of connections was the most frequent occurrence (57 out of 86). At prolonged
      recording (6 to 16 min) of spike activity, most of the functional connections
      persisted.

PMID- 1210748
TI  - [An analysis of interhemispheric interrelationships in the visual cortex of cats
      based on the law of contrast perception of light].
AB  - The dependence of EP amplitude on the intensity of photic stimuli before and
      after section of the callosal body may be fully defined by the equation of the
      contrast law of light perception. Analysis of the nature of interhemispheric
      relationships by means of contrast law has shown that both reciprocal depressing
      and reciprocal facilitating interhemispheric relationships may exist in the
      primary visual cortical projection zone, and reciprocal facilitating
      interhemispheric influences in the secondary visual projection zone. Similarity
      of interhemispheric relationships has been recorded in the primary visual cortex
      in cats and in the secondary one, in rats, as well as in the socondary visual
      cortical zone in cats, and in the primary, in rats. Interhemispheric reciprocal
      influences in the whole range of stimuli intensities are distributed more
      uniformly in cats than in rats. Cats may perceive a wider range of intensity of
      photic stimuli than rats. In cats as in rats, the effectiveness of processing of
      the photic stimuli contrast is greater in the secondary visual cortical
      projection zone than in the primary one.

PMID- 1210749
TI  - [The character of the background spike activity of cortical neurons under the
      influence of psychotropic drugs].
AB  - A comparison was made on alert rabbits between the nature of spike activity of
      normal cortical neurones and of those after a two-week daily administration of
      neuroleptics, namely chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine and haloperidol in 1 and 5
      mg/kg doses. The groups of neurones did not differ in the mean frequency of
      firing. However, the use of the main components method and of cluster analysis
      showed considerable differences between neuronal activity following the action of
      neuroleptics and that in control animals. The most common effect of neuroleptics
      consisted in a reduction of the number of low frequency neurones with burst
      discharges and small dispersion of distribution of interspike intervals.
      Trifluoperazine and especially haloperidol differed from chlorpromazine in that
      they brought about an appearance of cortical neurones for which the distribution
      of interspike intervals had an almost symmetrical form and a mode of 80--170
      msec. After the action of haloperidol about a third of the neurones had a mode up
      to 10 msec. An assumption has been made that the major effect of trifluoperazine
      and haloperidol consists in an increase in the reverberative activity of the
      brain.

PMID- 1210751
TI  - [Selection by rats of the stepwise results of action].

PMID- 1210750
TI  - [The effect of electric stimulation of different regions of the cerebral cortex
      on the alimentary reaction in rabbits].
AB  - The influences of different parts of the neocortex on the rabbit alimentary
      behaviour produced by stimulation of the hypothalamic "alimentary centre" were
      studied in chronic experiments on rabbits with electrodes implanted in different
      formations of the limbic system and the midbrain. It has been found that
      electrical stimulation of the frontal and anterior parietal cortical areas raised
      the threshold of the evoked alimentary reaction. Inhibitory influences of the
      frontal areas proved to be stronger and more prolonged than those of the anterior
      parietal area. Electrical stimulation of the posterior parietal and occipital
      cortical areas decreased the threshold of the evoked alimentary reaction.
      Coagulation of the dorsal hippocampus eliminated the inhibitory influences of the
      neocortex, while coagulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation
      discontinued the facilitating influences of the neocortex on the alimentary
      reaction.

PMID- 1210752
TI  - [The rolandic alpha-rhythm].

PMID- 1210753
TI  - [Indices of spatial synchronization in electroencephalography].

PMID- 1210754
TI  - [Hemispheric interaction in man during perception of visual stimuli].
AB  - Averaged evoked potentials (AEP) to verbal (letters) and nonverbal (random
      shapes) stimuli exposed in the left and right visual fields were registered in
      healthy subjects with normal vision. Analysis of the later AEP latencies pointed
      to asymmetry in the temporal parameters of the interhemispheric interaction. The
      late AEP latency is shorter in the right hemisphere than in the left hemisphere.
      The difference is more pronounced in responses to nonverbal stimuli. The earlier
      development of the evoked potential in the right hemisphere (or the later one in
      the left hemisphere) accounts for the interhemispheric difference in the temporal
      parameters of the late AEP components. Comparison of the latency of the component
      P300 to verbal and nonverbal stimuli presented in the ipsilateral or the
      contralateral visual fields reveals a transfer of the results of the cortical
      processing of visual information in the course of interhemispheric interaction.

PMID- 1210755
TI  - [A study of the phases of audiovisual interaction].
AB  - A study was made of the dependence of errors in recognizing visual and
      discriminating acoustic stimuli and of the reaction time (RT), on the duration of
      intersignal intervals (ISI) (10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600 and 1000 msec). With
      longer ISI a decrease in RT has been found, particularly pronounced in responses
      to the second stimuli of the pair. RT to the visual (acoustic) stimulus increases
      not only when an acoustic (photic) signal is present in the complex, but also in
      the case of its anticipation. The level of errors in recognizing visual and
      discriminating acoustic stimuli does not depend on ISI duration. The results so
      obtained are discussed as related to psychological refractory period and to
      interaction of sensorimotor channels of the human brain.

PMID- 1210756
TI  - [Characteristics of cortical responses to electrostimulation of the internal
      geniculate body during formation of a defensive conditioned reflex].
AB  - During elaboration of a classical defensive conditioned reflex the dogs exhibited
      a dependence of the changes in amplitude and configuration of evoked potentials
      (EP) to electrical stimulation of the medial geniculate body (MGB), a conditioned
      stimulus, on the nature of effector manifestation of the conditioned reflex: the
      late components were the most depressed at multiple phasic reactions and not
      infrequently increased and became complicated at single and short motor reactions
      as well as at their incidental absence. The primary oscillations, while mostly
      remaining unchanged, were depressed in the case of conditioned reactions attended
      with a general motor restlessness. A difference has been revealed during
      conditioning in the EP changes to electrical stimulation of MGB and to an
      adequate peripheral stimulation. It has been assumed that EP changes during
      conditioned activity are determined by the relationship between the levels of
      tonic and phasic cortical activation.

PMID- 1210757
TI  - [Electroencephalographic correlates of a pathologic inert motor reaction in
      dogs].
AB  - Changes in EEG were examined during setting in of a pathological inert motor
      reaction in dogs with parts of the tongue brought out and electrodes implanted in
      the motor cortical area and limbic structures. The reaction was formed when
      combining stimulation by a salt solution of the part of the tongue with
      electrical stimulation of the paw. The inert motor reaction is characterized by
      enhanced synchronization (theta-rhythm) in the hippocampus and increased
      amplitude of the beta-rhythm in the motor cortical areas. A frequency-amplitude
      analysis of the summary EEG has shown that the highest correlation was
      established at the beginning of elaboration of the inert motor reaction only
      between a small number of limbic structures (the hippocampus, the hypothalamus
      and the cingulate gyrus), then between all the examined structures of the brain;
      when the inert reaction became elaborated the number of structures with a high
      correlation coefficient diminished again and was reduced to the hippocampus, the
      hypothalamus and the cortical motor area.

PMID- 1210758
TI  - [Electrical potentials of the vagal and sympathetic pathways of the stomach
      during elaboration of conditioned reflexes].
AB  - In chronic experiments on dogs discharges were recorded in efferent fibers of the
      vagal and splanchnic nerves and gastric branches of the solar plexus in the form
      of slow low-voltage and rapid high-voltage potentials. Alimentary conditioning to
      a previously indifferent stimulus produced a clear efferent reaction expressed in
      an increased number of oscillations. The magnitude of efferent electrical
      responses in all the examined structures is dissimilar and depends on the nerve
      nature (sympathetic or parasympathetic). The greatest electric reactions occur in
      the vagal gastric pathways.

PMID- 1210759
TI  - [The relationship between the dose of caffeine and the magnitude of conditioned
      reflex salivation in dogs].
AB  - Statistical estimates carried out on a comprehensive experimental material of the
      archives in the Laboratory of physiology of nervous system types at the Pavlov
      Institute of Physiology, USSR Academy of Sciences, made it possible to plot
      average static characteristics of changes in the magnitude of positive
      conditioned reflexes in dogs, depending on the dose of caffeine. It appeared that
      conditioned reflexes decreased to some extent after a 0.01 g dose; within the
      range of 0.05 to 1 g doses, the magnitude of reflexes increased to the maximum;
      within the range of 0.1 to 0.5 g, their magnitude diminished from the maximum to
      the normal level, and, finally, a dose of 0.5 g or greater resulted in a drop of
      the magnitude of the reflexes below the normal level.

PMID- 1210760
TI  - [Conditioned alimentary motor reflexes in cats following destruction of the
      scorpula].
AB  - Bilateral ablation of the putamen results in temporary disappearance of natural
      as well as artificial conditioned motor reflexes in cats. Further training is
      necessary for their reestablishment. Restored conditioned reflexes appear with a
      long latency. After partial bilateral ablation of the putamen, animals that have
      been trained not only to press a pedal, but also to make a choice between a right
      or left feeding tray, lose the latter ability. After the reestablishment of
      conditioned reflexes, the animal makes a correct choice of side only in 68--70%
      of cases. After total bilateral ablation of the putamen the animals lose
      artificial conditioned reflexes. The results suggest that the putamen has a close
      relation to the mechanisms of learning and memory.

PMID- 1210761
TI  - [The role of the temporal areas in conditioned reflex activity following section
      of the brachia of the inferior colliculi].
AB  - The role of the neocortex temporal areas in the closing function was studied in
      chronic experiments on cats in the norm and after section of the posterior
      colliculi brachia. The techniques of functional elimination of the temporal
      neocortex by cold and section of the posterior colliculi brachia were used.
      Functional elimination of the cortical temporal areas prevents formation of a
      stable conditioned reflex in the first twenty sessions with cooling. Conditioned
      reflexes elaborated after section of the posterior colliculi brachia are not
      manifested in the case of cooling of the temporal areas throughout the period of
      observation (18 sessions). At the same time the conditioned reflexes elaborated
      before the section, are restored quite rapidly (five to six sessions). Hence, the
      neocortex temporal areas are more important for setting up conditioned
      connections than for their preservation and the use of connections previously
      elaborated.

PMID- 1210762
TI  - [Models of learning based on the plastic properties of the "placing reaction" in
      cats].
AB  - A possibility of functional reorganization of initial sensorimotor connections of
      the forepaw has been shown on seven cats. The main initial relationships between
      the afferent tactile input and motor output for the ulnar joint of the cat
      forepaw are as follows: tactile stimulation of the dorsal surface of the paw
      produces a flexion in the ulnar joint ("placing reaction"), and that of the
      ventral surface, an extension of the paw in the ulnar joint ("magnetic reflex");
      simultaneous tactile stimulation of the ventral surface of the paw blocks the
      "placing reaction" evoked by a touch of the dorsal side. Extinction was produced
      of the above unconditioned connections and elaboration of a new "cross"
      connection consisting in that tactile stimulation of the ventral side of the paw
      resulted in flexion in the ulnar joint.

PMID- 1210763
TI  - [Dynamics of caudate nucleus involvement in the process of internal inhibition of
      the food-getting reflex].
AB  - Changes of slow spindle electrical activity (12 to 14 cps) and evoked potentials
      in the cat caudate nuclei and the motor cortex were studied at different stages
      of elaboration of differentiation inhibition of a conditioned food-procuring
      reflex to acoustic stimuli. It has been shown that participation of the caudate
      nuclei in the inhibitory process begins at the stage of enhancement of food
      procuring activity (second stage) and is apparently due to the animal's strong
      alimentary motivational excitation. At the third stage the inhibitory influence
      of caudate nuclei on the animal's motor activity in general, and the activity of
      the motor cortex in particular, develops to the full.

PMID- 1210765
TI  - [Conditioned reflex reproduction of evoked potentials during reinforcement by
      electrostimulation of the hypothalamus].
AB  - Conditioned evoked potentials to stimulation of a limb, a light flash or a short
      tone were studied on rats in acute experiments with nembutal anaesthesia and in
      chronic experiments. Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus was used as
      reinforcement. Following the pairings of conditioned and hypothalamic
      stimulation, the appearance of conditioned EP was recorded, as manifest in the
      period of the previously applied unconditioned signal after its omission. Their
      emergence was facilitated after high-frequency stimulation of the hypothalamus or
      administration of galantamine, an anticholinesteraze drug. Coagulation of the
      hypothalamus did not prevent any manifestation of conditioned evoked potentials.

PMID- 1210764
TI  - [The role of biological needs in the genesis of self stimulation].
AB  - It has been found in fifteen rats with monopolar electrodes implanted in the
      lateral hypothalamus that after stimulation of the brain with bursts of
      electrical pulses of fixed duration, with definite combinations of stimulation
      parameters, the histograms of the duration of pedal pressing have a polymodal
      appearance. As the combinations of stimulation parameters change, the number,
      position and magnitude of the modes undergo a corresponding change. With
      unchanged parameters of stimulation the form of pressing duration histogram does
      not change significantly. A conclusion has been drawn that the modal duration of
      pressing in the course of self-stimulation is apparently an effector
      manifestation of central integration of reinforcing excitation. In a state of
      hunger and thirst as well as under weak nembutal anaesthesia, the previously
      monomodal histograms of the pressing durations produce additional modes which
      diminish and disappear after satiation and discontinuation of the nembutal
      effect. It is assumed that at least some modes of the histograms of the pressing
      duration of self-stimulation may reflect an activation of the systems of
      biological needs.

PMID- 1210766
TI  - [Genetic studies of conditioned reflexes at the I. P. Pavlov Institute of
      Physiology of the USSR Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 1210767
TI  - [Progress in the physiology of hearing at the I. P. Pavlov Institute of
      Physiology of the USSR Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 1210768
TI  - [The relationship between emotional tension and different circumstances
      surrounding examinations].
AB  - The intensity of neural-emotional stress was studied in students to be examined.
      It was determined by the P/T index and considerably varied under the influence of
      different factors. These comprised final and course examinations, suggested
      examinational situations, physical fitness, the students' progress, the first and
      subsequent examinations, the students' educational time record, sexual
      differences, stages of the examinational period and the nature of students'
      reply. The neuro-emotional stress and change in its intensity under the influence
      of the above factors apparently represent the student's adaptation to the
      examinational situation.

PMID- 1210769
TI  - [The effect of removal of the frontal region of the brain on conditioned reflexes
      to time and available stimuli].
AB  - The experiments were made on six dogs by the motor alimentary technique. It has
      been shown that ablation of the frontal lobe (fields: F1; F2; F3; F4) does not
      eliminate previously elaborated conditioned reflexes to time, temporal
      differentiations and reversals. They were disturbed because of motor perseverance
      only during the first one to three months. A conditioned reflex to time and
      temporal differentiations are elaborated much slower in dogs with a preliminary
      lobectomy, as compared with intact animals. A conclusion is drawn that the
      frontal lobe is not directly involved in counting the time macrointervals.

PMID- 1210770
TI  - [Electrical reactions in the cat brain during differentiation of photic stimuli].
AB  - Study of EEG responses to photic conditioned stimuli in cats has shown that the
      extent of brain activation depends not on the physical strength of the stimulus,
      but on its biological significance. The longest activation is recorded to a
      positive signal, even if it is the weakest flash of light. The intensity of EEG
      responses to negative stimuli is determined by the nearness of their physical
      parameters to those of the positive signal. Repeated presentation of a non
      reinforced flash leads to a gradual extinction of EEG reactions. Brain activation
      in response to a reinforced positive signal persists unchanged even after a large
      number of its repetitions. The revealed properties of brain electrical reactions
      to stimuli of different significance accord with those previously recorded in
      response to acoustic stimuli. In both cases the data are in agreement with
      hypothesis of a central system of signal analysis, which performs the estimation
      of stimuli according to their biological quality.

PMID- 1210771
TI  - [Intra-analyzer temporary connections in the visual system].
AB  - The possibility of setting up intraanalyser temporary connections integrating the
      activity of various elements within the central part of the visual analyser at a
      neuronal level was studied in acute experiments on unanaesthetized immobilized
      cats. In the given model of temporary connection the unit activity in the lateral
      geniculate bodies (LGB) was investigated. Electrical stimulation of the superior
      colliculi was used as a conditioned stimulus, and illumination of the receptive
      fields of the studied LGB neurones, as an unconditioned one. In the process of
      conditioning, 10 to 11% of learning elements were revealed in LGB. The
      possibility is discussed of integration of learning elements into a definite
      microsystem achieving the process of temporary connection closing in the visual
      analyser in the course of conditioning.

PMID- 1210772
TI  - [Electrophysiologic and behavioral changes in cats following section of the
      brachia of the inferior colliculi].
AB  - Evoked potentials to acoustic stimuli were recorded in the temporal cortical
      area, the medial geniculate body and the posterior lateral thalamic nucleus in
      acute experiments on anaesthetized cats. Section of the brachia of the inferior
      colliculi in an acute experiment resulted in the disappearance of potentials in
      the examined structures. A distinct correlation has been revealed between the
      recovery of evoked potentials in the cortico-thalamic auditory structures (in
      four to six weeks) and the possible elaboration of conditioned reactions within
      this time period after lesion of the inferior colliculi brachia. The involvement
      of the temporal area in the general brain activity appears to be one of the major
      conditions for the formation of new conditioned connections. Possible ways of
      restoration of afferent input to the temporal cortical area after lesion of the
      inferior colliculi brachia are discussed.

PMID- 1210774
TI  - [A neurophysiologic analysis of the solution of arithmetic problems by seven to
      eight-year-old schoolchildren].
AB  - The nature of correlation connections between various areas of the cerebral
      cortex in the process of solving arithmetic problems of different complexity was
      studied in children seven to eight years old. Particularly noticeable differences
      by this parameter became prominent between the following periods of solving easy
      and difficult problems: 1) presentation of the problems; 2) comparison of the
      solution with the control; 3) selfestimation of the result of the activity. An
      important part in each of the indicated periods was played by comparing the
      preceding and current excitations. When difficult problems were solved, this
      process ended in a discordance effect. The findings attest that the phenomenon of
      discordance in effecting purposeful activity produces activation of the brain as
      a whole and of its frontal areas in particular.

PMID- 1210773
TI  - [A cross correlation analysis of the electrical activity of different regions of
      the cerebral cortex during visual pattern recognition in children].
AB  - Characteristics of spatial-temporal organization of brain biopotentials were
      examined in one to 2.5 year old children during recognition of visual images.
      Crosscorrelation EEG analysis of frontal, motor, inferior parietal, temporal and
      occipital cortical zones has shown that recognition of familiar visual objects is
      accompanied by an increase in spatial synchronization of biopotentials,
      especially in the inferior parietal zones of both hemispheres and occipital
      centres of the left hemisphere. There is a considerable increase in the number of
      highly synchronous synphasic oscillations at the 4--5 per sec frequency with an
      intensified periodicity of processes. Recognition of unfamiliar objects does not
      produce a similar effect. Temporal organization of biopotentials of the
      associative (frontal and inferior parietal) and projection visual areas in the
      course of recognition of images depends on the existence of a notion of the whole
      object in the child's memory.

PMID- 1210775
TI  - [Temporal changes in conscious and unconscious trace phenomena in six to seven
      year-old children].
AB  - Development in time of unconscious trace reactions as well as a change in the
      time of reproduction of verbal material in natural conditions was studied by the
      conditioned reflex to time method on 107 school children aged from six to seven
      years and on 35 subjects of the same age from a kindergarten. It has been found
      that in schoolchildren the transfer of trace reactions to long-term storage is
      completed faster, and their voluntary acts in the course of conscious
      reproduction of an interstimuli intervals are more adequate than in the
      kindergarten children of the same age. The trace phenomena formed in natural
      conditions and in the laboratory experiment develop in time in a similar way. The
      change in time of conscious trace phenomena is of a more complex nature than of
      the unconscious phenomena. The practical significance of the data obtained is
      noted.

PMID- 1210776
TI  - [The activity of hippocampal neurons during several types of behavior].
AB  - The activity of 87 hippocampal units and the EEG (field CAI) were studied in
      unrestrained rabbits during calm and active alertness and at different stages of
      sleep. Correlation has been established between the characteristics (mean
      frequency and the pattern) of unit firing, EEG and the animal's activity. For
      most of the neurones, fixed values of mean frequency and the discharge pattern
      corresponded to a definite functional state. With transition from sleep to
      alertness, 63.6% of the units became active, 29.1% were inhibited, and the rest
      of the units changed the firing pattern only. The cells which became activated
      during awakening, showed a reduced firing frequency during a more profound sleep
      and higher discharge frequency during the paradoxal phase of sleep, while the
      inhibitory cells revealed reverse dynamics of discharge frequency. In a state of
      alertness, the most pronounced shifts in firing activity were observed in 33.3%
      of the nerve cells at orienting investigating behaviour, in 27.1%, during
      attention reaction, in 22.9% at some kinds of movement, and in 16.7%, in the
      course of feeding and drinking. A conclusion has been drawn that the role of the
      hippocampus in achieving different behavioral reactions is probably to a great
      extent determined by its participation in setting up a level of the brain central
      tone, specific for each state.

PMID- 1210777
TI  - [The role of Schaffer's collaterals in the sensory responses of the neurons of
      hippocampal field CA1].
AB  - In experiments with extracellular recording from the field CA1 pyramidal neurons
      in unanaesthetized rabbits the functional role of the Schaffer's collaterals (Sc)
      was investigated. Simultaneous presentation of sensory stimuli and Sc stimulation
      uniformly resulted in increase in duration of the post-excitatory inhibitory
      phase. In experiments with electrolytic lesion of the CA3 in the hippocampal
      segment, where recording from the CA1 was performed, background neuronal activity
      was normal. Reactions to sensory stimuli were preserved and had typical of the
      CA1 differentiated characteristics. The number of neurons with inhibitory
      responses to sensory stimuli was reduced. Habituation of responses was almost
      absent. Gradual increase in reactions duration up to prolonged increase of the
      background activity level was observed with repeated presentations of the
      stimuli. It is suggested that the influences of the field CA3 (through Sc) are
      not necessary for organization of sensory reactions in the CA1, but somehow
      participate in their limitation and inhibition.

PMID- 1210778
TI  - [Participation of mesencephalic structures in vocal reactions].
AB  - Electrical stimulation and ablation of the midbrain structures in hens and one
      day old chickens have revealed the structures (ICO, MLD, MLV, IPC and IMC)
      involved in the formation of vocal reactions. The paper outlines the functional
      characteristics of the structures and their dissimilarities which are determined
      by the type of their units. In the course of individual development of the hens,
      there is an increase of excitability and lability of the nervous processes in the
      examined structures.

PMID- 1210779
TI  - [The effect of immobilization on reproduction of the electrical signs of
      temporary connections].

PMID- 1210781
TI  - [Evoked potentials in the sensomotor region of the cortex during classical and
      instrumental conditioned reflexes in cats].

PMID- 1210780
TI  - [The effect of prostaglandin E2 on fixation of temporary connections and protein
      synthesis in the brain].

PMID- 1210782
TI  - [The relationship between temporal parameters of the stimulus and the frequency
      of self-stimulation in cats].

PMID- 1210783
TI  - [The influence of neuronal discharge on the effectiveness of its synaptic
      inputs].

PMID- 1210784
TI  - [Use of intracerebral emotionally negative stimulation as a reinforcing factor in
      a controlled experiment].

PMID- 1210786
TI  - [A commutation device for recording the cerebral electrical activity of freely
      moving animals].

PMID- 1210785
TI  - [Participation of identified neurons in an unconditioned reflex in snails].

PMID- 1210787
TI  - [A rapid method for determination of oil in lecithins (author's transl)].
AB  - A rapid method for routine determination of oil in commercial lecithins and
      similar phospholipid samples has been worked out. This based on the observation
      that under the described experimental conditions 1 g of phospholipids is
      completely adsorbed on 45 g silica gel which has previously been disactivated by
      the addition of 15% water. The lecithin sample is filtered in ethereal solution
      through a column filled with disactivated silica gel which is subsequently washed
      with a little ether. The combined ether eluates are evaporated to dryness invacuo
      and the residue weighed. This residue is the oil part of the sample and is
      constituted of mono-, di-, and triglycerides, free fatty acids, sterols and their
      derivatives. The duration for one such determination is about 20 min.

PMID- 1210788
TI  - [Polysaccharide additives in foods rich in proteins II. A simple, semi
      quantitative technique of estimation (author's transl)].
AB  - Samples of foods rich in protein, after removal of lipids and of proteins by
      enzymatic hydrolysis, are partially demineralized and concentrated. In the
      concentrate polysaccharides are detected and semi-quantitively estimated by
      performing the precipitations in graduated tubes, which are especially suitable
      for this purpose, and the precipitates taken to comparable densities by
      centrifugation under standard conditions.

PMID- 1210789
TI  - [Thiamine in irradiated foodstuffs. II. Combined effects of irradiation, storage
      and cooking on the thiamine content (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of 10 MeV electron radiation, of storage for several months and of
      heating on the thiamine content of wheat flour, crushed oats, ground pork, and
      dried whole egg were studied. A synergistic effect of these treatments on
      thiamine losses was observed. In irradiated samples thiamine content was more
      affected by storage and heating than in unirradiated ones.

PMID- 1210791
TI  - Nonenzymic browning XIII. Effect of an antioxidant on the discoloration of lipid
      protein mixtures.
AB  - Higher concentrations of butylated hydroxyanisole inhibited the autoxidation of
      mixtures of unsaturated cod liver oil fatty acid esters with model proteins. The
      rate of discoloration was far less efficiently affected by the antioxidant
      because the antoixidant did not prevent the further transformation into brown
      pigments of colourless precursors, mainly carbonyl lipid oxidation products,
      already present in the lipid fraction before the addition of antioxidant. The
      antioxidant also did not influence the pigments already formed.

PMID- 1210790
TI  - Nonenzymic browning. XII. Maillard reactions in green coffee beans on storage.
AB  - During storage of green coffee beans at increased temperature and at constant
      humidity reducing sugars present in original beans react with free amino acids
      with formation of colourless unstable products. Additional reducing sugars and
      free amino acids are produced by hydrolysis of polysaccharides and proteins,
      respectively. The second stage of storage is characterized by only slight changes
      in the content of free amino acids and sugars but by intensive  browning
      reactions. This latter stage was characterized by deterioration of sensory
      quality of coffee beverage, especially of its odour. Lysine combined in protein
      was involved in browning reactions via colourless intermediary products.

PMID- 1210792
TI  - [Morphology of yttrium-90 treated experimental arthritis].
AB  - A rheumatoid arthritis was produced in rabbits according to the method described
      by Klinge. It was treated with a single dosage of 2 mCi Yttrium-90. After 3 weeks
      the animals treated with Yttrium showed less fibrosis of the synovial membrane
      than the controls. After 6 weeks the synovial membrane of the non-treated
      controls showed considerable fibrosis but the synovial villi of the treated
      animals were slender and largely unchanged.

PMID- 1210793
TI  - [Uncharacteristic symptoms of the motor apparatus in gout].
AB  - Gout may present in such atypical forms as "primary-chronic", "masked", or
      "asymptomatic gout at all stages affecting almost any joint. These
      uncharacteristic presentations were found in 22 out of 124 patients observed. The
      disease of 4 patients is described as casuistics. Important conclusions of
      practical use for early diagnosis and early treatment are drawn. Every
      arthropathy in a male where the diagnosis is not certain, must be suspected as
      being due to gout. The diagnosis can be assured by detecting urate deposits in
      the tissue. Determinations of the serum uric acid level can only be indicative
      since they are subject to a variety of influences. In early disease the x-ray
      appearances may be described as normal; in later disease as "degenerative" in the
      joints or in the vertebral column. In an acute relapse the colchicine-test is of
      high specifity, but its interpretation may be difficult in the primary chronic
      forms. The other clinical manifestations of the gout syndrome are of high value
      for the selection of patients in whom urate deposits in the tissue must be
      sought.

PMID- 1210794
TI  - [Subchondral osteonecroses of large joints in rheumatoid arthritis].
AB  - The frequency and preferred localisation of overt subchondral osteonecrosis in
      large joints have been studied in a roentgenological and clinical study. Among
      619 patients (454 female, 165 male) a severe subchondral osteonecrosis was found
      44 times on one or more (maximum 3) large joints of 30 patients. The hip and
      shoulder joints were most frequently attacked, while patients with an advanced
      stage or longer duration of the disease and those in the middle age groups showed
      this most often. Osteonecrosis did not necessarily correlate with the activity of
      the disease process and with the presence of a positive rheumatoid factor.
      Radiologically, osteolytic appearances are seen most often in the elbow and
      osteochondritis dissecans in the knee joint. In the hip and shoulder joint the
      appearances are those of reparative states with a distinct demarcation, more
      rarely a severe osteolysis also involving the adjacent skeletal parts,
      occasionally a diffuse irregular lytic osteoporosis and necrosis. The
      pathogenesis is discussed in detail.

PMID- 1210796
TI  - [Determination of vitamin K activity in bioassay. 1. Vitamin K mode of action and
      biological determination].

PMID- 1210795
TI  - [Management of para-articular cysts in progressive chronic polyarthritis].
AB  - Peri-articular cysts complicating rheumatoid arthritis give rise to a difficult
      therapeutic problem. The origin of these cysts is discussed with particular
      reference to Baker's cyst. In principle, treatment is identical with that used in
      chronic joint effusions. The authors have noted satisfactory results with a
      steroid-synoviorthesis using triamcinolone acetonide (Kenalog, Squibb, Volon,
      Heyden). Best results have been achieved by injecting triamcinolone into both the
      cyst and the corresponding joint. The total effect of intraarticular use of this
      drug is discussed.

PMID- 1210797
TI  - [Determination of vitamin K activity in bioassay. 2. Development of testing
      procedure in chicks].

PMID- 1210798
TI  - [Renal phosphorus excretion in milk-fed bulls].

PMID- 1210799
TI  - Trimethylamine oxide in diets for veal calves.

PMID- 1210800
TI  - Absorption of long-chain fatty acids by rumen epithelium; experiments in vivo and
      in vitro.

PMID- 1210801
TI  - Comparison of chemical methods of protein evaluation with biological value
      determined on rats.

PMID- 1210802
TI  - [Effect of Cu-deficiency in rats during rearing and pregnancy on reproduction].

PMID- 1210803
TI  - Observation on protein digestion in the digestive tract of dairy cows. 1.
      Distribution of amino acids in rumen microbes and digesta.

PMID- 1210804
TI  - [Studies on nitrogen utilization in urea fed animals].

PMID- 1210805
TI  - Effect of linoleic acid on oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria in rats.

PMID- 1210806
TI  - [The essentiality of nickel for animal growth].

PMID- 1210807
TI  - [Anabolism of copper in pregnancy in relation to Cu supply].

PMID- 1210808
TI  - [Comparison of free amino acids in blood serum of men and animals. II.
      Communication: Man, rabbit, guinea pig, swine].

PMID- 1210809
TI  - [The reciprocal action of physiological levels of dietary iron and manganese on
      growth and their retention in the rat].

PMID- 1210810
TI  - The orientation of night-migrating passerines without the directional influence
      of the starry sky and/or the earth magnetic field.
AB  - During four seasons in 1972-73 a total of 598 orientation experiments --
      including 157 displacements -- was carried out. The purpose of the experiments
      was to investigate the orientation under an overcast sky and/or when the earth
      magnetic field was screened by a strong artificial magnetic field. These
      experiments were compared with experiments carried out under the presumed maximum
      condition, i.e. under a starry sky and without magnetic disturbances. In general,
      little or no "reduction" of the sample mean vector, was observed under the
      "deprived" conditions. However, the concentration of the individual mean vectors
      and the activity were lowered. Clear compensation for a displacement was found in
      the absence of the stars and in a disturbed magnetic field. This means that
      directing cues from other sources than the stars and the earth magnetic field
      were involved. It is guessed that inertial orientation plays an important role.
      Reverse orientation -- including reverse compensation -- was found fairly
      frequently. It is supposed to be correlated with overcast, and perhaps in general
      stress conditions. In conclusion, simple one-direction orientation models are not
      thought to be sufficient to "explain" the observed orientations.

PMID- 1210811
TI  - [Basic analysis of the effective system of homing in spider Agelena labyrinthica
      (Cl.)].
AB  - 1. The spider Agelena labyrinthica Cl. determined its home direction by
      integrating the information of each element of the outgoing path to the prey in
      continuous interaction with the incident light. 2. A vector hypothesis explaining
      how the direction and the length of the homing track was determined was verified:
      if the azimuth of the incident light was displaced by 90 degrees as soon as the
      spider had reached a certain point on the web, the vector of the theoretical
      course originating from this point was rotated by about 60 degrees. The end point
      of this rotated vector ("fictitious retreat point") was not only the goal for the
      homing course from this point, but also for the course originating from any other
      point of the web. 3. Spiders starting at the fictitious retreat point did not
      keep straight courses. Their movements were either at random or they were
      directed in slightly preferred directions caused by the phototactic influence of
      the previously performed outward course. 4. If the light had been displaced
      before the spider was lifted from the web, the lifting had no effect on the
      orientation performance. 5. The mean distance between the points of direction
      changes and the starting points varied linearly with the mean length of the
      outward course; therefore these distances were used as an indication for the
      distance orientation. 6. Contrary to all other formerly published hypotheses on
      the photomenotactic orientation of arthropods MITTELSTAEDTs' hypothesis about the
      homing of Agelena, which is similar to my vector hypothesis, is compatible with
      the data compiled by this investigation.

PMID- 1210812
TI  - Repetitions and pattern switches in songs of cardinals, Cardinalis cardinalis.
AB  - A correlation is established between repetitions of leading syllables in the
      songs of Cardinals and those which follow. The time intervals following repeated
      syllables relate first to acceleration at the beginning of a song but as the song
      progresses they relate more directly to the duration of the syllables. On the
      other hand the switch-intervals between different kinds of syllablles relate more
      to the duration of the following syllable, although acceleration at the beginning
      of the song may obscure the relationship.

PMID- 1210813
TI  - [Orientation without external orientation clues in reptiles (Hemidactylus
      frenatus Gekkonidae)].
AB  - In a black-painted cylindric arena Geckos (Hemidactylus frenatus) are able to
      find their hiding place without the aid of external orientation clues. This
      proprioceptive knowledge of the position is independent of the azimuth of the
      actual position of head and body, but it is influenced by a passive turning of
      the reptile. These findings lead to the assumption that the receptors of the
      labyrinth participate in the endogeneous (idiothetic) course control.

PMID- 1210814
TI  - Age dependent skeletal development in the European hamster--radiological
      investigations.

PMID- 1210815
TI  - The survival of Mycoplasma pulmonis in drinking water and in other materials.

PMID- 1210816
TI  - [Acid phosphatase in the spleen of bacteria-free and conventional rats].

PMID- 1210817
TI  - Daily rhythmic variation in hepatic amidopyrine-N-demethylation, hexobarbital
      sleeping time and acetanilide and phenazone toxicity in rats of different age.

PMID- 1210818
TI  - [Genetic constancy, respectively subline drifting of inbred strains of rats and
      mice].

PMID- 1210819
TI  - [Diurnal variations in the composition of cecal content in rabbits].

PMID- 1210820
TI  - Influence of light on the postnatal development of amidopyrine-N-demethylation by
      liver supernatant in the rat. Short communication.

PMID- 1210821
TI  - [Microsurgical thyroidectomy with preserving of the parathyroid glands in rats].

PMID- 1210822
TI  - [Case report on urolithiasis in the rat].

PMID- 1210823
TI  - [Study of duration of the disease in patients with lumbo-sacral radiculitis].

PMID- 1210824
TI  - [Social factors and industrial injuries at the metallurgical plants].

PMID- 1210825
TI  - [Certain problems of improvement of qualifications of the subprofessional medical
      personnel].

PMID- 1210826
TI  - [Work organization of the subprofessional medical personnel at the medical
      institutions].

PMID- 1210827
TI  - [Organization of the centralized vaccination card catalog and founding of
      vaccination brigades].

PMID- 1210828
TI  - [The frequency of autopsies and bioptic examinations in Czechoslovakia from 1964
      to 1973 (author's transl)].
AB  - The analysis of the routine necroptic and bioptic activities of the pathologists
      in CSSR shows the following basic facts: 1. The number of patients decreasing
      with the Public Health Service increases rapidly every year, only one half of
      these dead might be autopsied. The number of the autopsies increases far more
      slowely, so that the increase of unautopsied dead is to be expected in the next
      years. 2. The percentage of the autopsies from the total number of dead in CSSR
      permanently increases and it represents 32.4% in pathological autopsies and 36%
      together with the legal-medical autopsies. 3. The number of the bioptic
      examinations permanently increases. 4. The participation of the pathological
      institutes of the faculties in the routine necroptic and bioptic activity shows
      the decreasing tendency (26% ov all autopsies and 35% of all biopsies are
      performed by above mentioned institutes). This is caused by the foundation of the
      new pathological department directed by the Public Health Service.

PMID- 1210829
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge of fatty tissue--containing tumors of the uterus
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Based on a case observation, the different types of fatty tissue-containing
      uterine tumors are discussed with regard to the literature. The different
      theories on the histogenesis of uterine lipomas are considered. Probably these
      lipomatous tumors arise from misplaced embryonic fat cells. With respect to the
      formal genesis, possible concordances with the uterine leiomyomas are pointed
      out.

PMID- 1210830
TI  - [Malignant hemangioendothelioma of adrenal gland and its histogenesis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Histogenesis of malignant hemagioendothelioma with extreme rare localization in
      the adrenal gland and the endothelial origin of the tumor cells by using the
      Specific Red Cell Adherance Reaction for demonstrating blood group substances ist
      discussed by an own case.

PMID- 1210831
TI  - [Tumouer frequency in autopsy cases. III. The carcinoma of the lung (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The analysis is based on the catalogue of neoplasms notifiable in the German
      Democratic Republic (IDC-Code Nrs. 140-209, 210.2, 211.3, 211.9, 225, 226.2,
      226.3, 253.0, 702, 757.2). At the Medical Academy of Erfurt 22 155 autopsies (12
      212 males, 9 943 females) of adults (15 years and upwards were registrated in the
      period from 1950 to 1966. Among them 1 168 carcinomas of the lung (5.3% of
      autopsies and 15.2% of all tumours) were observed. The cases are distributed
      among 1010 males (8.3% of males) and 158 females (1.6% of females). The frequency
      difference is distinct. Age and sex distribution, frequency and localization of
      metastases are presented.

PMID- 1210832
TI  - [Suffocation by pedunculated hypopharynx tumor (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of a 35 year old man suffocated in consequence of a begnign pedunculated
      hypopharynx tumor ist deseribed. The tumor was seen first under autopsy.
      Histologically, the tumor was a fibrolipoma.

PMID- 1210833
TI  - [Case report: adenocarcinoma of the kidney developing metastzsizing to both
      lungs, with numerous microliths radiologically imitating Microlithiasis
      alveolaris pulmonum (author's transl)].
AB  - A 28 years old man developed a radiological pattern like Microlithiasis
      alveolaris pulmonum during the following five years after exstirpation of his
      right kidney due to an adenocarcinoma. Tests showed, in contrast to the x-ray
      pulmonary function, only a slight restriction of total lung capacity over a long
      time up to few months before he died. Autopsy showed a spread of miliary and
      submiliary metastases in the lower parts of both lungs. In all metastases
      psammomabodylike microliths were found microscopically, especially numerous and
      enlarged with both lungs. A second check of the slides of the primary tumour
      showed rare microliths too, not mentioned at that time. A microlith producing
      tumour of the kidney was first published with full details by Lubarsch in 1925.
      The radiological aspect of the lungs of the reported case reveals serious
      differential diagnostical problems to Microlithiasis alveolaris pulmonum.

PMID- 1210834
TI  - [Dense deposit nephropathy: a peculiar variant of glomerulonephritis or a
      distinct disease entity (author's transl)].
AB  - In four renal biopsies of two patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN), the
      so-called dense deposit nephropathy (NDD) was diagnosed by means of light,
      electron, and immunofluorescence microscopy. In routine paraffin sections the
      picture approached that of the membrano-proliferative GN. In semithin sections
      (toluidine blue, periodic acid-Ag-methenamine) and especially in the
      ultrastructure there appeared extensive confluent deposits of a very dense
      substance, infiltrating the lamina densa of glomerular capillaries, basal
      membranes of both Bowman's capsules and tubules, and arteriolar walls. In this
      localization, a non-diffuse "psdudolinear" deposition of beta1c was detected,
      whereas antisera to main Ig-fractions and fibrin(ogen) were not fixed. In a
      biopsy performed six years later, a concentration of dense depositis towards the
      mesangial area and a partial regeneration of basal membranes were observed. In a
      part of dense deposits there appeared vacuolization, primarily in tubular and
      arteriolar basal membranes. In glomeruli, focal IgM deposits were apparent at an
      advanced stage. NDD apparently is a sequel of a particular metabolic (immune?)
      process, afflicting solely the renal membranous system and distinctly dns known
      at present. The noncharacteristic clinical presentation resembles chronic. GN, is
      very protracted, lengthy, and relatively benigh, with a chance of functional and
      possible even morphological remission.

PMID- 1210835
TI  - [Chronic eosinophilic leukemia with eosinophilic granulomas of the lung (author's
      transl)].
AB  - For the first time a report is given on a case of chronic eosinophilic leukemia
      with occurence of eosinophilic pulmonary granulomas. Even after enucleation of
      the granulomas eosinophilia remained in the peripheral blood and in the bone
      marrow, and over a period of 6 years lay at a value of above 50% of the
      granulocytes. The illness ended with sudden increase in the number of
      myeloblasts. The autopsy revealed destruction of the bone marrow by myeloblasts,
      immature and mature eosinophilic granulocytes as well as infiltration of the
      heart, liver, spleen and kidneys. On the basis of histological, cytological and
      histochemical examinations of the granulomas, the peripheral blood and the organs
      after dissection, particularly of the bone marrow, there was good reason to
      assume common pathogenesis of these changes; it was not however possible to
      completely exclude an allergically generated cause.

PMID- 1210836
TI  - [Histobiopsy of bone marrow (author's transl)].
AB  - The histobiopsy of the bone marrow is more and more included in
      clinicohaematological diagnostics. It has better diagnostic possibilities than
      the cytology of smears (aspiration biopsy). The specimen is taken from the iliac
      crest by puncture or the milling method. The sample can be considered
      representative of the whole bone marrow with regard to the normal quantity and
      quality. The pathologist ordinarily per forms the processing and assessment of
      the specimens in a desirably constructive cooperation with the clinical
      haematologist. The paper presents a condensed review of the histological technics
      and the recording of features in bone marrow sections, the indications for bone
      marrow histobiopsy, the results (2769 cases of literature and 496 own cases), and
      the clinical significance of human bone marrow histobiopsy.

PMID- 1210837
TI  - [Neuroaxonal dystrophy with delayed onset and protracted course (author's
      transl)].
AB  - An unusual case of neuraxonal dystrophy in a 24-year-old man has been described.
      The condition started at the age of 10 years with motoric disturbances, later the
      patient developed spastic quadruparesis and deep dementia in last two years. The
      disease appears to be of genetic origin. The morphology is characterized by the
      generalized presence of spheroids in the central nervous system. Additional
      findings of status pigmentosus and dysmyelinisatus do not exclude the case from
      being labelled neuraxonal dystrophy.

PMID- 1210839
TI  - [Tumour frequency in autopsy cases. IV. The malignant tumours of the kidney
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The analysis is based on the catalogue of neoplasms notifiable in the German
      Democratic Republic (ICD-Code Nrs. 140-209, 210.2, 211.3, 211.9, 225, 226.2,
      226.3, 253.0, 253.2, 702, 757.2). At the Medical Academy of Erfurt 22,155
      autopsies (12,212 males, 9,943 females) of adults (15 years and upwards) were
      performed in the period from 1950 to 1966. Among them 186 malignant tumours of
      the kidney (177 carcinomas, 9 sarcomas) were observed. The cases are distributed
      among 126 males (1% of males) and 60 females (0.6% of females). The frequency
      difference is not distinct. Age and sex distribution, frequency and localization
      of metastases as well as the histologic classification are presented.

PMID- 1210838
TI  - [Pathological findings in subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (Leigh's
      disease) (author's transl)].
AB  - About 8-years old boy with a brief clinical history and postmortem findings of a
      subactue encephalomyelopathy (Leigh-Syndrom) is reported. Pathohistological
      features were found to be of microcyst formation, vascular proliferation,
      proliferation of astrocytes, fibrillary gliosis, partial destruction of the
      myelin sheaths, relative preservation of the cell bodies of neurons. The lesions
      were symmetrical and involved the tegmentum mesencephali, the lamine
      quadrigemina, the substantia nigra, the tegmentum pontis, the tegmentum of the
      medulla oblongata, the basal protion of nucl. lentiformis, the ansa lenticularis,
      the thalamus, the hypothalamus and the gray matter of the spinal cord. Moderate
      changes were in the cerebellum. There was no marked histological changes in the
      cerebral cortex and white matter of the cerebrum, the mammillary bodies, the
      nervi and tracti optici and the peripheral nerves.

PMID- 1210840
TI  - [Amyloidosis, expression and cause of presenile and senile mental and physical
      regression. A revision of the amyloid problem (author's transl)].
AB  - New historic, morphologic, localisatory, chemical, etiological and pathogenetical
      observations urge the revision of problems of the so-called amyloidosis and
      suggest a new logical terminology. Cerebral amyloidosis, which corresponds to the
      clinical picture of senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease, is the local
      manifestation of a generalized systemic degeneration typified by amyloidotic
      deposits in aged persons. Chronic lingering tuberculosis, traumatic cerebral
      injury, genic aberrations, ionising radiations as well as a chronic "slow" virus
      infection (in cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease) proved to be inducers of
      cerebral amyloid deposits. Glenner and his associates succeeded in transforming
      Bence-Jones albumin into amyloid in vitro. The present writer observed the direct
      development of amyloid from vascular elastic fibers, from the ground substance of
      cartilage and osteoid tissue, and from fibrin. Regression of cerebral, cardiac
      and hepatic amyloid deposits occurs. Similarities between electron microscopic
      structures bring about difficulties in the morphologic definition of amyloid and
      cause tinctorial and ultramicroscopic resemblances between cellulose, amyloid and
      certain vira, although they represent chemically and biologically different
      materials.

PMID- 1210841
TI  - [Histomorphological and spectroscopic studies on the skeleton following
      alloplastic joint substitution (author's transl)].
AB  - We report on our morphological and spectrometric findings with complete
      acetabuloplastics. The histomorphological investigation revealed the formation of
      a narrow cicatricial coat round the prothesis. The collagenous tissue borders on
      a zone of granulation tissue of varying width. Granular foreign matter can be
      found in cicatrical tissue especially in the extracellular space and in
      granulation tissue in macrophages. Only a few partigles turned out to be iron in
      the Prussian blue reaction. Spectral analysis proved the hip and thigh-bones to
      contain more than 0.001 p. c. of cobalt and chrome. Toxicological problems
      inherent in the use of the cobalt alloy "Vitallium" are discussed. The dangers of
      metal poisoning are dealt with in addition to those of the development of
      osteomyelitis and the formation of a sarcoma. At last we discuss our macroscopic
      findings concerning the fit of the prosthesis, the metal demonstration by
      electron micrsocopy, and the scanning electron microscopic investigation of the
      metal surfaces.

PMID- 1210842
TI  - [Structural deviations of the vagina epithelium from fetal up to prepubertal age
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A series of vaginal specimens from 327 autopsied female fetuses and girls up to
      the age of 13 years was studied. In one case the upper portion of the vagina was
      lined by an one-row mucus-free colomnar epithelium similar in appearance to that
      of the corpus endometrium.--In 21 girls, there were residual thelium.--An
      incomplete differentiation of the surface squamous epithelium was encountered in
      7 girls.--Eight girls revealed dysontogenetic cysts in the deeper levels of the
      vaginal wall. When compared with similar lesions in adults, the typical columnar
      epithelium of the endocervical type, cysts with squamous lining, as well as
      adenocarcinoma were not encountered in the young age group examined. With the
      exception of cysts, the frequency of individual lesions in the vaginas of our
      series diminished with the increasing age towards puberty.

PMID- 1210843
TI  - [Changing legal protection of working women].

PMID- 1210844
TI  - [Animal experimental studies on the problem of effects of a long-term air
      decompression stay on the blood corpuscle composition].

PMID- 1210845
TI  - [Quality of soluble parts lung-absorbent and non-lung absorbent flying dust].

PMID- 1210846
TI  - [Results of replacement surgery in total endoprosthesis of the hip joint].

PMID- 1210848
TI  - [Surgical care in total acromioclavicular dislocation].

PMID- 1210847
TI  - [Is the 2-stage flexor-tendon-plasty justified?].

PMID- 1210849
TI  - [Errors and dangers of mammaplasty].

PMID- 1210850
TI  - [Quadrosteotomy in knee-arthroses].

PMID- 1210851
TI  - [Closed bone marrow splint-fixation of the subtrochanteric fracture].

PMID- 1210852
TI  - [Organization of the stationary treatment of skull-brain injuries].

PMID- 1210853
TI  - [Problems of thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1210854
TI  - [Experiences with acute thoracic injuries].

PMID- 1210855
TI  - [Blunt abdominal injury and its therapeutic consequences].

PMID- 1210857
TI  - [Ultrasonic quenching measurement--possibility for monitoring the healing of bone
      fractures].

PMID- 1210856
TI  - [Mortality in blunt abdominal injuries in combination with commotio cerebri].

PMID- 1210858
TI  - [Gas burns--30 years after grenade splinter injury].

PMID- 1210859
TI  - [Recurrent liposarcoma of the lower limb].

PMID- 1210860
TI  - [Vaginal cytological studies on the new delayed-action estrogen-ethinylestradiol
      sulfonate].
AB  - The colpocytologic efficacy of a new estrogen - ethinylestradiolsulfonate - has
      been studied in postmenopausal and fertile women. According to the depot
      character of the compound, ranging between ethinylestradiol and quinestrol, it
      exhibits a high and prolonged proliferative effect on the atropich vaginal
      epithelia. The weekly application of 1 mg of the substance in a contraceptive
      regimen causes a high grade of maturation with considerable individual
      differences. A single dose of 1 mg ethinylestradiolsulfonate quickly influences
      conditions of estrogen difficiency in the vaginal epithelia.

PMID- 1210861
TI  - [Development of ectopia. Colposcopic and colpotopographic studies].
AB  - On the basis of colposcopical observations a possible, though certainly rare,
      mode of development of ectopia is described. Proliferation of the glands of the
      upper part of the cervical canal up to the base of the squamous epithelium leads
      to exfoliation and desquamation of this and to extension of the columnar
      epithelium on the surface of the vaginal portio. The possible causes of this
      process are briefly presented.

PMID- 1210862
TI  - [Localization of a small androgen-active ovarian tumor by catheterization of the
      femoral vein and selective vein/blood withdrawal with determination of
      testosterone in plasma].
AB  - Prove of a little hormonactive adrenal Adenoma in the ovary by katheterisation of
      vena femoralis and selective determination of Plasma-Testosteron in various
      regions of abdominal veins. Localisation of the tumor by routine diagnostic
      measures, even by Laparoscopy, had been impossible.

PMID- 1210863
TI  - [Bilateral tube carcinoma with unusual involvement of the endometrium].
AB  - Report on a case of bilateral, primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube with
      extensive implantation metastasis of the endommetrium. To judge by the
      morphological structure of the tumor in the fallopian tubes and in the
      endometrium, by the nature of the spreading in the mucosa of the uteruscorpus and
      by the morphology of the intramural fallopian tube sections, the neoplasm is, in
      differential diagnostic terms, demarcated by a corpus carcinoma of the uterus.

PMID- 1210864
TI  - [Unusual advantage of the hydropertubation].
AB  - Report of a case of hydropertubation after conception by a nulli-para, and
      deliverance of a healthy baby after full term pregnancy. The treatment was made
      by suspicion of closed fallopian tubes.

PMID- 1210865
TI  - [Methods of localization of chorioamnionitis and their clinical value].
AB  - 121 out of 390 placentas of mostly pathological deliveries and preganancies were
      cases of chorioamnionitis. Histological studies have been performed under
      topographical respects. Several localisations (dynamic phases) of ascending
      infection of the secundinae are being described and their clinical relevance is
      being assessed. 1)"Nomal secundinae" or "physiological leucocytosis at ruptured
      chorionic membranes": there are but a few cases (3 to 5%) of amniotic infection
      syndroms or morphological signs of an aspiration of infected amniotic fluid and
      fetal sepsis. 2) "Isolated leucocytosis of the vessels of the umbilical cord and
      the chorionic plate": it is mostly caused by a fetal hypoxia; relatively seldom
      it is the result of an infection (about 10%). 3) "Partial phlegmon of the
      secundinae" (phlegmon of the chorionic membrane with spreading to the periphery
      of the chorionic plate): about 30% amniotic infection syndrom or infected
      amniotic fluid (and fetal sepsis respectively. 4) "Subtotal phlegmon of the
      secundinae" (phlegmon of the chorionic membrane and the chorionic plate in part,
      spreading to the umbilical cord): about 50% amniotic infection syndrom or
      infected amniotic fluid (and fetal sepsis) respectively. 5) "Total phlegmon of
      the secundinae" : in the majority of cases (about 65%) signs of infection damage
      on mother and/or fetus are visible.

PMID- 1210867
TI  - [Report on a case of simultaneous extra- and intrauterine pregnancy with delivery
      of a healthy infant].
AB  - Report on the occurrence of a simultaneous intra- and extrauterine pregnancy. The
      extrauterine pregnancy was operated during its sixth week. At the time of the
      operation the intrauterine pregnancy was not recognized. The enlargement of the
      uterus was regarded as con sensual. Only during the check-up which took place
      four weeks after the patient's discharge from the hospital the intrauterine
      pregnancy was diagnosed. Three weeks before term a healthy infant was born by
      means of vacuum.

PMID- 1210866
TI  - [X-ray determination of the coincidence of intrauterine pessary and pregnancy].
AB  - It is reported on 21 pregnancies during contraception with IUD, among them one
      tubal pregnancy, one pregnancy with normal outcome and one pregnancy with a
      partly perforated IUD. By means of an extra- and intraamnial opaque matter
      injection one can find out exactly the position of the IUD on the roentgenogram
      before artificial abortion is carried out. The IUD can be seen above the small
      pelvis as a result of the changed position and the growth of the uterus during
      pregnancy. Furthermore it is possible to notice a glide down of the IUD into the
      cervix uteri or a perforation of the IUD into the uterine wall respectively into
      the pelvic cavity.

PMID- 1210868
TI  - [Treatment of a small intestine-vaginal fistula by means of Paragalalith (tissue
      adhesive)].
AB  - The Paragalalith method, to dry off a fistula proved to be a complete success,
      when a complex vagina/small intestine fistula was removed from a 75 year old
      patient (woman). We had developed the method previously in our clinic and used it
      sucessfully to close 30 fistulas in the abdominal region.

PMID- 1210869
TI  - [Validity of the modern fetal monitoring methods in the decision of emergency
      obstetric operations].
AB  - The validity of the modern methods of fetal monitoring to decide for the
      indication of urgent obstetric operations. The reliability of the modern
      supervision of the fetus is studied in cases of doubtful fetal heart action. Up
      to the present day we have no method for the exact estimation of the degree of a
      damage to the fetus. In such a precarious situation we should use all available
      methods for the diagnosis of the fetal condition, because the results of only one
      of the methods offer insufficient evidence. By means of the literature the
      alterations in the ECG of the dying fetus are interpreted in comparison to
      artefacts. In cases of doubtful fetal heart action we recommend in addition to
      the clinical findings to record the fetal ECG, to controll the actual fetal pH
      and attempt an investigation by ultrasonic.

PMID- 1210870
TI  - [Possibilities in modification of the risk to the child in multiple pregnancy and
      labor].
AB  - A comparison of twin deliveries from 1966 to 1971 (140 = 1,23%) and from 1972 to
      1974 (65 = 1,07%) indicates a decrease of the uncorrected perinatal mortality
      from 10,35% to 6,15% caused by early diagnosis, gestation prolonging measures,
      diagnosis of placental insufficiency and management of delivery. Concerning the
      first twin the decrease of perinatal mortality was more evident from 7,86% to
      1,54% compared with the second twin from 12,86% to 10,77%. Nevertheless the
      following statement can be made: up to 1971 perinatal mortality was mainly a
      problem of prematurely born infants; it is changed now to a problem of antenatal
      mortality of small for date infants. Prematurely birth and mortality of twins may
      be well influenced by: 1. Early diagnosis. 2. Widely used hospitalisation,
      beginning from 28 th week of gestation. 3. Widely used cervix-cerclage and
      uterotocolysis. 4. Intensive antenatal care. 5. Intranatal intensive care of both
      infants (cardiotocography, blood gas analysis). 6. Limitation of the interval to
      5 to 10 minutes. 7. Widened caesarean section indication (breech presentation,
      small for date infants).

PMID- 1210871
TI  - [Diabetes and pregnancy - a clinical and statistical analysis of 1800 pregnancies
      and deliveries in the years 1952 - 1971. 3. Birth weights percent values of
      newborn infants of diabetic mothers and further studies on the birth weight].
AB  - Newborn babies of diabetic mothers have a higher birth weight in comparison with
      newborns of nondiabetic mothers in the same gestational age (35. to 39. week).
      Body weight percentiles were estimated for new borns of diabetics (excluding
      stillborn babies), it was to be shown that birth weight lower than 2750 gm in the
      38. to 39. gestational week (less than 10. percentile) characterizes "small for
      gestational age babies". Not any influence of maternal blood glucose values
      during the second part of pregnancy was to be seen. Severe toxaemias and vascular
      renal complications (WHITE-class F) were statistically significant correlated
      with underweight in newborns. The lowest perinatal mortality was found in the
      weight class 3500 to 3999 gm.

PMID- 1210873
TI  - [Clomiphene--its use from stimulation test and for treatment of functional
      sterility].
AB  - There is reported on application of clomiphene (Clostilbegyt-EGYT Pharmaceutical
      Works, Budapest, Hungaria) in 17 patients for a clomiphene-stimulation-test and
      in 34 patients with functional sterility on 124 cycles. The dosage was between 50
      to 150 mg p.d. for 5 to 7 days and was adapted individually. 12 patients
      responded to clomiphene-stimulation-test positively and in 4 ovarian hypoplasias
      and one Anorexia nervosa in acute phase, the clomiphene-stimulation-test was
      negatively. From the 34 patients with functional sterility 18 women were in 21
      times gravid, 13 women could be delivered on term; in 8 cases it was an abortion.
      By reason of the findings after a clomiphene therapy a gravidity can be accepted,
      if the hyperthermic phase in the BBT existed for more than 25 days. For a
      repetition - treatment a dosage is recommended with 150 mg p.d. clomiphene for 7
      days.

PMID- 1210872
TI  - [Causes of unwanted pregnancies and reasons for their interruption].
AB  - The paper report on of 207 interruptions, which were performed in our clinic from
      oct. 1st to oct. 31st 1974. The analysis of the interrupted cases resulted in  an
      average age of 26,3 years. 73,9 per cent of the women are married and 36,2 per
      cent were pregnant for the third time. The main causes for these not desired
      pregnancies lay in failure of Knaus' and Ogino's method of prevention (39,2 per
      cent). A great number of patients gives for the reason of interruption no wish
      for further children (35,3 per cent). At the end the causes of pregnancy and
      reasons of the interruption are discussed. The aim is to lower interruptions.

PMID- 1210874
TI  - [Behavior of alkaline phosphatase in serum during pregnancy. I. Normal
      pregnancy].
AB  - On 120 patients, during normal pregnancy, from the 17th to the 42nd week of
      pregnancy, 372 heat labile alkaline phosphatase estimations were carried out by
      means of the 4-nitrophenol method. In addition to that, after incubation of sera
      at 65 degrees C for 30 minutes, the activity of the heat stable placental
      isoenzyme was checked. With progressing pregnancy, the heat stable fraction rises
      significantly and the heat labile fraction of total alkaline phosphatase
      increases slightly. There is a correlation between the readings of the two
      fractions. In 169 cases, the total urinary oestrogen output correlates also with
      the heat stable alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 1210875
TI  - [Cervical status and subjective symptoms in the normal pregnancy].
AB  - In 426 unselected pregnant women who came into the routine examination included
      in the maternity care and who were grouped according to the week of gestation the
      cervical status was examined and the subjective symptoms were observed. Attention
      was also paid to the correspondence between the occurrence of the subjective
      symptoms and the change in the cervical status. In total 984 examinations  were
      carried out. Before the 33rd week of gestation no open internal orifice of the
      cervix uteri were found. All parities in total the cervix had become shorter
      (less than or equal to 2 cm) in 7,0 per cent of the cases before the 33rd week of
      gestation. Subjective symptoms occurred in 19,1 per cent of the cases. Towards
      the end of the gestational period the changes in the cervical status and the
      subjective symptoms became more frequent. In all the groups of gestational week
      the cervical status became pathologic significantly more frequently in
      pregnancies with subjective symptoms than in pregnancies with no symptoms.

PMID- 1210876
TI  - [Acute and long-term tocolysis by means of buphenin (Dilatol) in insulin
      dependent pregnant diabetics].
AB  - During two years 73 insulindependent pregnant diabetics (43,2% of the total
      material) were treated with Dilatol (Buphenin) and Isoptin. The requirement of
      insulin increased dependent on the dosage and on the application of the tocolytic
      drugs. Despite the considerable influence on blood sugar it is possible to
      maintain metabolic conditions at normoglycaemic levels during short- or longterm
      tocolysis, provided exact metabolic controls and adapted insulin treatment. The
      prophylactic administration of contractionreducing drugs is indicated in pregnant
      diabetics.

PMID- 1210877
TI  - [Influence of labor induced by prostaglandins on the metabolism and blood
      coagulation system of the mother and child during labor].
AB  - 22 pregnancies at term were terminated by dilatation of the uterine cervix, low
      amniotomy, and by intravenous administration of PGF2alpha or PGE2. The average
      infusion time was 4 hours 10 minutes, and the average total dose of PGF2alpha
      amounted to 2,0 mg and of PGE2 0,2 mg. Parameters of acid-base changes,
      carbohydrate and energic state changes, gas metabolism, and changes in
      coagulation and fibrinolysis in mother and in fetus were analyzed during labor
      and after birth. Labor activity and fetal cardiac action were monitored
      cardiotocographically. Checked against 50, and for the coagulation 12
      uncomplicated spontaneous deliveries, we have found no disadvantageous changes in
      the parameters investigated.

PMID- 1210878
TI  - [Studies on the colonization of female urogenital system by Mycoplasma].
AB  - In order to demonstrate a urogenital mycoplasmosis, restriction is made
      frequently also in women - to withdrawal of smear from the urethra. For
      recognizing whether this procedure is sufficient, 640 female patients of the
      fluor consulting hours were examined, and 2560 smears were withdrawn from the
      cervical canals, the surface of the portio, the laterovaginal walls, and from the
      urethra. The least frequency of mycoplasmas was stated in the urethra. Smears
      merely withdrawn from the urethra are, therefore, the least appropriate ones for
      fluor or for identification of a urogenital mycoplasmosis of the female genitals.
      According to the present results, it is recommended to carry out simultaneously
      smears from the surface of the portio, from the laterovaginal walls, as well as
      from the cervical canal and the urethra.

PMID- 1210879
TI  - [Incidence of the Blastomyces and Trichomonad infections during the use of
      hormonal and intrauterine contraception].
AB  - The vaginal smear of 200 women treated with hormonal contraceptives (group A), of
      45 women using an IUD (group B) and of 220 women representing an untreated
      control group (group C) was investigated on infection with vaginal yeasts and
      trichomonads. It was found, that infection with vaginal yeasts in women of group
      A was significantly higher (23,7%), than in women of group B (9,0%) and group C
      (9,5%). The occurance of trichomonads was also different between the groups. It
      was about 6,6% in group B and 6,8% in group C but only 2,1% in group A. From
      these results we concluded, that hormonal contraceptives on vaginal yeast
      infections act as a stimulating factor.

PMID- 1210880
TI  - [Total protein and immunoglobulin level in the saliva of pregnant women].
AB  - The content of total protein and immunoglobulin in the saliva of pregnant women
      has been determined quantitativly by the biuret-method and radial
      immunodiffusion. IgA has been ascertained in all samples of saliva, whereas was
      appears IgG in 78,55% and IgM only 52,50% of the samples. It was discussed the
      importance of salive-IgA during the pregnancy.

PMID- 1210881
TI  - [Histochemical studies of the myometrium in the prolonged pregnancy].
AB  - There are several reports on the weak contractile activity of uterus in the
      prolonged pregnancy. Some investigations showed that the weak contractile
      activity is associated with the low contents of RNA, proteins and glycogen in the
      myometrial cell. The material was obtained from caesarean sections in 27 patients
      with prolonged pregnancy and 30 patients with normal pregnancy. It was found a
      diminished contents of glycogen and lipids in the myometrial cell, and a
      decreased activity of phosphorylase and alkaline phosphatase but an increased
      activity of acid phosphatase. The lower content of energetic material and changes
      in the activity of the enzymes shows that the metabolism of the myometrial cell
      is impaired in prolonged pregnancy. One can suppose that the lowered level of
      estrogens is responsible for the described changes. The lower level of estrogens
      probably causes the decrease of 3'5' AMP in the myometrial cell with the impaired
      cell metabolism as a consequence. This may be one of the causes of a weak uterine
      contractile activity in the prolonged pregnancy.

PMID- 1210882
TI  - [Fate of pregnancy with IUD in position].
AB  - 68 pregnancies associate d with I.U.D. were studied. Neither maternal nor fetale
      complications occured, therefore in these cases the pregnancy can be beared.

PMID- 1210883
TI  - [Acetylcholine contracture of the fast muscle fibers in the lamprey, Lampetra
      fluviatilis].
AB  - Fast fibers of m. longitudinalis linguae respond to Ach by a transient
      contracture with a half-decay period of 3-5 sec. The threshold concentration of
      Ach is approximately 10(-7) g/ml. Ach contracture is based on even depolarization
      of the whole muscle membrane. Threshold level of the MP for the onset of
      contracture lies between --50 and --40 mV. In the presence of Ach depolarization
      decreases twofold within 40-70 sec. Relaxation is not due to the decrease of
      depolarization. Contraction--Ach concentration curve has a small slope; it
      reaches maximum at a concentration 10(-4) g/ml, which corresponds to the MP ca. 
      10mV. Equilibrium Ach potential is significantly shifted to depolarization as
      compared to that in frog muscles, being equal to +1+/-1.8 mV.

PMID- 1210884
TI  - [Possibility of affecting the regulation of salt and water uptake in the critical
      periods of development in rats].
AB  - Peculiarities in water and salt (NaCl) appetite were studied in rats under
      various experimental influences during critical periods of development. When
      sexual maturation is going on, females consume more salt than males. These sex
      depending differences may be altered by experimental influences but only during
      critical periods of development, for instance by injection of androgens into
      neonatal females or by gonadectomy of males, by premature cessation of rearing,
      etc. The effects of those early interventions manifest themselves after the
      termination of sexual maturation.

PMID- 1210885
TI  - [Isoosmotic type of regulation in the sturgeon, Acipenser guldenstaedti, in the
      marine period of its life].
AB  - Concentration of osmotically active substances in the blood serum of the sturgeon
      A. guldenstaedti and sevruga A. stellatus from the central part of the Caspian
      Sea is practically equal to that in the sea water. In the blood serum of the
      sturgeon and the sevruga, concentration of Na is higher, whereas concentration of
      K and Mg is lower than in the sea water. Excretion of the urine with relatively
      low Mg concentration presumably indicated that being isoosmotic to the medium,
      the fishes studied in the Caspian Sea do not swallow the sea water.
      Electronmicroscopic studies indicate that with respect to poor development of
      membranous structures at the base of cells in the proximal tubuli, the kidney of
      the sturgeon and sevruga stands closer to freshwater than marine teleosts. These
      data show specific pattern of the osmotic and ionic regulation in the sturgeon,
      i.e. its isoosmotic type during migration to the Caspian Sea.

PMID- 1210886
TI  - [Adaptive evolution of osmoregulation in rodents with different ecologies].
AB  - Studies have been made on osmoregulation in aquatic rats (Arvicola terristris),
      cotton rats (Sigmodou hispidus) and Wistar albino rats under the conditions of
      usual salt-water regimen and 3-day water deficiency. In water-loving rodents,
      water deficiency results in significant changes in blood constants which
      charasterize osmotic homeostasis (sodium and urea concentration, the osmolarity).
      In albino rats, the state of dehydration is accompanied by a significant increase
      in antidiuretic activity of the blood serum and by an increase in osmotic
      concentrating index up to 7.4 +/- 0.2. In A. terestris and S. hispidus, despite
      of the increase in antidiuretic activity of the blood serum, no significant
      increase in U/Posm was found (2.7 +/- 0.2 and 4.8 +/-0.3 respectively). Low
      effectiveness of osmotic concentration in water-loving rodents is due to
      structural and functional rearrangement of the concentrating mechanism of the
      kidney, and, as a result, to the decrease in intrarenal gradients of sodium and
      urea. These peculiarities determine ecological specialization of osmoregulatory
      system.

PMID- 1210887
TI  - [Comparative physiological characteristics of the action of pentagastrin on
      gastric secretion in fish, frogs, turtles and chickens].
AB  - The same preparation of pentagastrin, which is highly effective in dogs
      (threshold dose 0.3 mug/kg), has been tested on fishes, frogs, tortoises and
      hens. In fishes (rays), the threshold dose was equal to 50 mug/kg; the drug only
      increased juice secretion, but did not decrease pH of the juice. In frogs, the
      effective dose was equal to 25, in tortoises -- to 50 mug/kg, the drug increasing
      the secretion of both the juice and HCl. The effect of the drug exhibits seasonal
      variations, being absent in winter period. In hens, the threshold dose is equal
      to 5 mug/kg; the drug increases both the volume of the juice and HCl production.
      In frogs and hens, similar to that in dogs (tortoises were not studied in this
      respect), pentagastrin also increases the production of proteases of gastric
      juice. It is suggested that in the animals studied pentagastrin is a specific
      stimulator of gastric secretion.

PMID- 1210888
TI  - [Typhus in foreign countries].

PMID- 1210890
TI  - [Sensitivity of inbred mice to the causative agent of plague].

PMID- 1210889
TI  - [Effect of antilysosomal sera on the phagocytosis of corpuscular antigens in a
      macrophage culture].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of the antilysosomal sera on various phases of
      phagocytosis Macrophages fluorochromized with acridine orange served as a model
      for the assessment of the effect of the antilysosomal sera on the phagocytosis:
      the fluorescent-microscopic method permitted to evaluate quantitatively the
      activity of the antilysosomal sera and to study the intracellular changes in the
      phagocytized antigen associated with its interaction with the lysosomes. The data
      obtained showed the antisera to the enzymes and the lysosome membranes to inhibit
      the phagocytosis both in the presence of a complement and without it. It was also
      demonstrated that the antilysosomal sera influenced the activity of the acid
      phosphatase and its distribution in the macrophages.

PMID- 1210891
TI  - [Characteristics of the causative agents of different forms of intrahospital
      staphylococcal infection].

PMID- 1210892
TI  - [Enzymatic activity of the leukocytes and the prognosis for longevity in a fatal
      typhous infection in mice].

PMID- 1210893
TI  - [Morphology of the temperate plague phages 1701 and 1710 and their mutants].
AB  - A study was made of the morphology of plague moderate bacteriophages 1701, 1710
      and their mutants 1701-1 and 1710-1. The phages proved to be morphologically
      identical, were referred to group 5, and were identical to the moderate plague H
      phages; when confronted to the commonness of the serological properties and a
      number of other signs this indicated their affinity.

PMID- 1210894
TI  - [Study of the epidemiology of Far Eastern scarlatina-like fever in the Maritime
      Territory. I. Contamination of vegetables, root crops and pickled foods with the
      pseudotuberculosis microbe (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis) in foci of the
      scarlatina-like fever].
AB  - There was revealed high incidence of contamination with Yersinia
      pseudotuberculosis of vegetables, roots and pickled products (less frequently) in
      the vegetable store-houses of the majority of the far Eastern scarlatina-like
      fever foci in Primorie. Contamination of the mentioned food products increased by
      the spring-beginning of summer seasons; vegetables and roots which are often used
      raw--onion, carrots, cabbage--displayed the greastest contamination.

PMID- 1210895
TI  - [Preliminary electron microscopic and x-ray study of the crystalline protein of
      diphtheria toxin].
AB  - The authors present the results of the electron microscopic and roentgenological
      study of the crystalline protein of diphtheria toxin. On the basis of direct
      measurements of the crystal image and diffraction pictures it was possible to
      calculate the interplane distances of the placement of molecules in the crystal.
      Examination in polarization microscope showed that the crystals were optically
      uniaxial with a direct extinction and a positive character of elongation.
      Molecular aggregates revealed in the protein molecules resembled the caudal part
      of the bacteriophage by structure.

PMID- 1210896
TI  - [Pedagogical musings. V. The social and biological aspects in the epidemic
      process].

PMID- 1210897
TI  - [Study of the process of interaction of the causative agent with the cells of the
      body and with a macrophage culture in experimental typhoid infection and carrier
      state].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on 117 rabbits and cells of the macrophage cultures in
      vitro by the methods of clinico-laboratory, quantitative microbiological,
      immunological, electron microscopic and microcinematographic examination; a study
      was made of the interaction of the typhoid causative agent with the cells of the
      organism and the macrophage cultures and also of some aspects of the immune
      response during acute typhoid infection and carrier state. Infection was modelled
      by the enteral, subconjunctival and intrabonemarrow infection with 24-hour
      culture of the typhoid bacillus (strain Ty2 4446). Experiments demonstrated that
      structural reconstruction of both the causative agent and of the cells of the
      organism, of the culture macrophages and their organoids occurred in the course
      of the first hour after the infection. Homogenates of the lymphoid and myeloid
      tissues and also of the macrophages and polymorphonuclears possessed bactericidal
      activity against S. typhi. The degree of this activity largely depended on the pH
      of the medium. It was also shown that under conditions of the macrophage culture
      sodium aside inhibited the bactericidal activity of macrophages obtained from the
      intact and immune animals.

PMID- 1210898
TI  - [Utilization of serological methods in the retrospective diagnosis of cholera and
      in detecting vibrion carriers].
AB  - Sensitivity and specificity of the three serological methods were studied
      comparatively: the vibriocidal test, the reaction of bacterial agglutination and
      of indirect hemagglutination, with the use of erythrocytes sensitized with the
      vibrio lyzate, cholera species O-antigen and cholerogen. Investigations were
      conducted with the blood sera of cholera patients, vibrio carriers and contacts.
      Vibriocidal test proved to be the most sensitive; its data correlated with the
      results of bacterial agglutination and indirect hemagglutination with
      erythrocytes, sensitized with the lysate of the vibrios and the cholera O
      antigen. None of the used serological methods provided a 100% coincidence with
      the results of bacteriological analysis. The frequency of detection of
      anticholera antibodies decreased in the following order: cholera patients, vibrio
      carriers, contacts.

PMID- 1210899
TI  - [Some pathomorphological bases for the disorders of the tissue amino acid pool in
      Salmonella infection].
AB  - Possible causes of disturbances of the amino acid pool of the blood serum and the
      tissue, as well as the presence of an association between these shifts and the
      changes in the ultrastructure of the striated columnar epithelium of the small
      intestine were studied. Investigations were conducted in 138 patients suffereing
      from salmonellosis and in 120 albino rats experimentally-infected with S.
      typhimurium culture. Free amino acids of the blood serum and the tissue were
      determined by paper chromatography and on the automatic amino acid analyzer;
      ultrastructure of the small intestinal mucosa was studied by electron microscopy.
      The height of salmonella infection was attended by dysproportional changes in the
      amino acid pool of the tissue and the blood caused by disturbance of absorption
      and intracellular transformation of amino acids. Ultrastructural changes in the
      microvilli of the absorbing cells of the small intestine underlied absorption
      disturbances: at the height of salmonella infection some of the microvilli of the
      striated columnar small intestine proved to show poor contours; reduction of
      mitochondrial cristae was observed in almost all the mitochondria.

PMID- 1210900
TI  - [Morphological and histochemical characteristics of the reaction of the body to
      Cl. botulinum toxin administration. III. The cellular reaction of the
      diaphragmatic nerve nucleus to the administration of Cl. botulinum type B toxin].
AB  - On the appearance in the animals (guinea pigs) of paralysis of the limbs and
      myasthenia after the administration of Cl. botulinum, type B, toxin, there was
      seen a considerable vascular hyperemia of the spinal cord, and in the neurons of
      the phrenic nerve nucleus there developed dystrophic-necrotic processes coursing
      with a marked swelling, hyperchromasia and tigrolysis. As revealed
      histochemically, at this stage of the botulin intoxication the neurons of the
      phrenic nerve nucleus displayed metabolic changes expressed in the altered
      activity of succinic dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and cholinesterase.

PMID- 1210901
TI  - [Morphogenesis and some problems of the pathogenesis of experimental Pasteurella
      infection in white mice].
AB  - The authors present materials on the study of the principal stages of
      morphogenesis of experimental pasteurellosis infection in albino mice in
      subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intranasal infection. Particular attention was
      paid to the interrelations in the organism between the cells realizing the
      protective functions and the causative agent. It was established that the highly
      virulent P. multocida strain was capable of intracellular reproduciton in the
      cells of the macrophage type. It was demonstrated that the protective course of
      infection was largely determined by its high rate of reproduction and its
      capacity to paralyze the protective function of leukocytes.

PMID- 1210902
TI  - [A method of reproduction in mice of chronic sacculated staphylococciasis the
      deeply tissues].
AB  - The intranasal method of infeciton of mice proved to be of no avail in search of
      a model of prolonged staphylococciasis in animals. Intraorbital infection by
      Badenski's method - by high staphylococcus doses - produced a severe septico
      pyemic process with a high percentage of animal death during the first days of
      the disease. Intraorbital administration to mice of the pathogenic staphylococci
      in a dose of 300,000-500,000 microbial cells led to formation (in 60 to 80% cases
      of the sacculated purulent foci with a preponderant localization of the abscesses
      in the area of the chest, their prolonged persistance and progressive
      development. The suggested modification of Badenski's method consisting in the
      use of a 200 times lower infective dose served as a convenient model for studying
      the pathogenesis of chronic staphylococcus infection and for testing the
      therapeutic antistaphylococcus preparations.

PMID- 1210904
TI  - [Bacteriocinogenicity and bacteriocin sensitivity of pyogenic and epidermal
      staphylococci].

PMID- 1210903
TI  - [Morphological changes in the thymus against a background of immunization with
      bacterial and viral vaccines].

PMID- 1210905
TI  - [Some data on the epidemiology and epizootiology of rabies in the Carpathians].

PMID- 1210906
TI  - [Antibodies of a varying physicochemical nature in whooping cough infection].

PMID- 1210907
TI  - [RNA biosynthesis in the microsomes of splenic cells during the inductive phase
      of the immunological response].
AB  - RNA labeled with 3H-uridine was extracted from the microsomes of the spleen of
      the intact and antigen-stimulated mice. A study was made of the composition of
      this RNA by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. Apart from rRNA, there were
      revealed in the microsome composition up to 10 RNA components in the mol wt range
      of from 0.4-10(5) to 7-10(5) dalton and 2 componnents - between 7-10(5) and 1.7
      10(6) dalton. Incorporation of 3H-uridine into the rRNA was the maximal 24 hours
      after the administration of the antigen, whereas the RNA with the mol wt between
      0.4-10(5) dalton remaining practically unchanged for a period of three days after
      the immunization. 3H-uridine incorporation into these RNA was resistant to the
      action of low antibiotic (actinomycin D) doses. Immunization was not accompanied
      by the appearance of new, by molecular weight, RNA components.

PMID- 1210908
TI  - [30th anniversary of a great victory].

PMID- 1210909
TI  - [Toxin B and A production by beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from scarlet
      fever patients].
AB  - This work was aimed at the study of the frequency of isolation of beta-hemolytic
      streptococci from the patients suffering from scarlet fever, producing A and B
      toxins. Toxigenicity of the microbes was studied in the indirect agglutination
      test. In 68.4 per cent of cases there were isolate streptococci producing toxin
      A, and in 22.8 per cent--toxin B. The percentage of strongly toxigenic A-strains
      constituted 28.2, and of B-strains--0.6. The greatest incidence of the A and B
      toxigenic streptococci was observed during the autumn-winter period. Among the
      strains of the 4th--"leading" serological type there were the greatest number of
      the A-toxigenic variants, and among the streptococci belonging to the I
      serological type--of the B-toxigenic strains.

PMID- 1210911
TI  - [Polymorphism of water-soluble and triton-X 100-extractable esterases and
      proteins from Leptospira].
AB  - Electrophoresis in gel from polyacrylamide was used to study the water-soluble
      intracellular esterases, triton-X 100-extracted and proteins of three saprophytic
      and three pathogenic strains of leptospirae belonging to different serological
      types. The results of investigation of a relative mobility of 27 fractions with
      an esterasic activity and the molecular weight of eight of them showed that their
      polymorphism was mainly consecuent of structural differences. In examination of
      proteins extracted from the cell residues with triton-X 100 there was also
      revealed an intertype polymorphism: by acrylamide electrophoresis with sodium
      dodecylsulphate they were divided into 3--10 fractions with a molecular weight of
      from 20000 to 200000. The results of these studies are discussed as a
      manifestation of biochemical individuality of leptospirae of individual
      serological types.

PMID- 1210910
TI  - [Epidemiological mechanism for the formation of drug-resistant bacterial
      populations].
AB  - The concept on the epidemiological mechanism of formation of drug-resistant
      bacterial populations was substantiated. Investigations showed the
      epidemiological mechanism of formation of the drug-resistant populations of
      staphylococci in the purulent-inflammatory foci to be represented in 81.4 per
      cent of the patients by superinfection with resistant microbes. The latter group
      of the patients could be divided into two subgroups: in one of the subgroups
      (34.9 per cent) a reduction of sensitivity in the initial staphylococci was seen
      in the presence of donor bacteria which later either remained in the focus or
      were eliminated. In this case it could be supposed that there occurred a
      preliminary infection with the resistant staphylococci or with the transducing
      bacteriophages.

PMID- 1210912
TI  - [Role of neuraminidase from cholera vibrions in the pathogenesis of experimental
      cholera].
AB  - A study was made of a possible effect of neuraminidase of cholera vibrios on
      cholera pathogenesis. It was shown that in intraintestinal injection of cholera
      vibrios of the El Tor biotype to nursling rabbits neuraminidase could be revealed
      in their intestine 5 to 8 hours after the infection. Addition of neuraminidase to
      the weakly cholerogenic strain cholera vibrios intensified its cholerogenic
      action in infection of the animals. The antineuraminidase serum administered to
      the infected rabbits prevented clinical manifestations of experimental cholera,
      although it failed to always eliminate the cholerogenic syndrome (revealed during
      autopsy). At the same time neuraminidase did not influence the capacity of
      cholerogen to produce the cholerogenic syndrome. The authors consider that the
      action of the enzyme should occur at the early stages of the pathogenic process,
      and could be associated with creation of conditions for the attachement of
      cholera causative agent to the intestinal wall or for the action of their
      exotoxin.

PMID- 1210913
TI  - [Molecular aspects of the interaction of albumin and tannined erythrocytes in the
      process of hemosensitization. II. The effect of temperature].
AB  - A study was made of a combined influence of the temperature of the medium and of
      sensitin concentration on the process of interaction of tannin-treated sheep
      erythrocytes and human serum albumin. On the basis of determination of the number
      of molecules bound by a single erythrocyte during hemosensitization,, depending
      on the mentioned conditions, it was revealed that the relative total albumin
      binding increased with the elevation of temperature. Elevation of temperature
      also led to the absolute and the relative increase in the stable and a reduction
      in the loose albumin binding by a single erythrocyte and the growth of
      sensitivity of the passive hemagglutination test. The role of chemical mechanisms
      in the erythrocyte albumin loading was demonstrated; this permitted to carry out
      erythrocyte albumin sensitization at a comparatively high temperature for the
      purpose of increasing the efficacy of passive hemagglutination test.

PMID- 1210914
TI  - [Perspectives on scientific research in the area of child neuropathology].

PMID- 1210915
TI  - [Features of the clinical picture of birth injuries to the spinal cord].

PMID- 1210917
TI  - [Changes in the H-reflex of children with cerebral spastic hemiparesis].
AB  - A study of the H-reflexes in children with cerebral spastic hemipareses and in
      the control group of normal children depicted a decrease of the maximum
      amplitudes of H-reflexes and a drop in the relation Hmax:Mmax, a shortening of
      the latent period and a slower development of inhibition in sick children; in
      comparison with normals. Such changes are seen not only on the affected side in
      the patients, but on the unaffected (although expressed to a less degree). Such
      states do not permit to consider the nonaffected side as intact. The authors
      believe that the studied groups of patients are characterized by a disturbed
      process of intraspinal inhibition.

PMID- 1210916
TI  - [Neurologic disorders in microcephaly].

PMID- 1210918
TI  - [Elaboration of indirect changes in the bioelectric activity of the muscles of
      children with cerebral spastic palsy].

PMID- 1210919
TI  - [Treatment of the hyperkinetic form of cerebral palsy in children].

PMID- 1210920
TI  - [A clinico-physiologic assessment of the state of the neuromuscular apparatus in
      children with ischemic lesions of the upper extremities].
AB  - A study of the potentials of action in the muscles of the brachium and carpus
      during voluntary movements and the assessment of the velocity of conduction along
      the motor filaments of the ulnar and median nerve in children with ischemic
      lesions of the upper extremities have shown that the pathological picture is
      characterized by a drop in the muscular electrogenesis and the velocity of
      excitational conduction. The authors come to the conclusion that there is a
      direct correlation between the decrease in the velocity of excitational
      conduction and a drop in the electrical muscle activity during voluntary
      movements.

PMID- 1210921
TI  - [The activity of the rheumatic process in children with neurological forms of
      rheumatism].
AB  - The authors studied the biochemical indices characterizing the activity of the
      rheumatic process in 121 patients with neurological forms of rheumatism and in 28
      patients with neurological forms of rheumatism and in 28 patients with
      rheumocarditis without expressed changes on behalf of the CNS (all the children
      were from 5 to 15 years). Besides, a control group of 15 normal children of the
      same age were studied as well. In all patients with neurological signs of
      rheumatism and rheumocarditis without expressed changes of the nervous system
      there was a distinct increase in the content of seromucoids, hexosamines,
      uromucoids during all periods of examination. The diphenylamine index and cyalic
      acid content in the blood plasma was changed to a less degree. A full correlation
      between the biochemical changes and neurological state was not found. However,
      even in moderately expressed neurological signs the patients are in need of an
      observation on behalf of the rheumatologist and preventive therapy.

PMID- 1210922
TI  - [Paroxysmal myoplegia].
AB  - The report deals with an observation of a 16 year old patient with paroxysmal
      myoplegia. On the background of a low K content in the blood plasma, a drop in
      the level of Co in the whole blood, an increase of the content of Na in the
      plasma and Cu in the blood, an increase in the adrenalin excretion with urine, a
      drop in the brain biorhythm seen in the EEG and cerebral-vascular tone in the
      REG, there were periodical attacks of tetraplegia with disturbed respiration.
      During one of such severe attacks the patient died from respirational and bulbar
      muscle paralysis.

PMID- 1210923
TI  - [Features of cerebrovascular disorders in children with beta-thalassemia major].
AB  - In 42 patients with major beta-thalassemia the author studied the traits of
      cerebral vascular disorders with a correlation of clinical and REG data. In 5
      cases the pathomorphology of different areas of the CNS was studied. In most of
      the cases there were transitory disorders of the brain circulation with transient
      neurological symptomatology. Acute strokes with stable focal disorders were
      encountered less frequently. Cerebral vascular disorders were more expressed in
      children from 6 to 12 years during hemolytical crises and in the terminal stage
      of the disease. REG data indicating changes of the cerebral hemodynamics testify
      to the compensatory vascular reaction which is necessary for the preservation of
      the functional capability of the brain in conditions of cerebral hypoxia.

PMID- 1210924
TI  - [Digestion and absorption of food substances by patients with the generalized
      form of myasthenia].
AB  - The results of coprological studies demonstrated that prior to thymectomia, in
      most of the patients with myasthenia there was a disturbed assimilation of lipids
      and carbohydrates, while as in 1/3 - a disturbed assimilation of proteins. These
      disorders were the reasons for a significant drop of weight in 60.9% of the
      patients. Following thymectomia with an improvement of the general state and a
      rehabilitation of transverse striped muscles there are, as a rule, positive
      dynamics in the assimilation of the above-mentioned food ingredients. Thus, the
      achieved results may indicate to a functional character of the changes in the
      digestive organs in myasthenia.

PMID- 1210925
TI  - [The reflex on shortening (the Westphal phenomenon) in deforming muscular
      (torsion) dystrophy].
AB  - By the aid of an objective test the authors studied the reflex to a shortening
      (the Westphal phenomenon) which is a typical symptom of deforming muscular
      dystrophy, reflecting disorders of the muscular tone. It was demonstrated that
      prior to a development of a muscular spasm there were changes of the muscular
      activity due to an integration of excitation. It is being supposed that muscular
      spasms and dystonic hyperkinesis are generated on a spinal level. A disappearance
      of the Westphal phenomenon following operations on the basal ganglia, may
      indicate to the fact that the leading role in the genesis of this phenomenon
      belongs not only to the segmentary spinal apparatus, but to the supraspinal
      influence from the stem-subcortical brain structure.

PMID- 1210926
TI  - [Interpersonal relations in a collective of mentally ill children].
AB  - By psychological and sociometrical methods the authors studied the selected
      objects for communication among the children of different diagnostic categories
      (schizophrenia, oligophrenia, epilepsy, organic brain lesions, etc.). The group
      under observation consisted of 218 children (boys aged 7-17 years). It has been
      demonstrated that interpersonal relations are mainly influenced by personal socio
      psychological regularities, while the nozological entity of the patient
      influences these relations only indirectly, through the influence of such factors
      as age and level of the general development.

PMID- 1210928
TI  - [Clinical features of schizophrenia in children and adolescents with dysplastic
      papillary patterns of the skin of the fingers and palms].
AB  - The authors conducted a dermatoglyphical study of 278 schizophrenic children and
      adolescents. The frequency of papillary pattern dysplasia of the hands was 23.7%
      in boys and 22.8% in girls. These data significantly exceed similar indices in
      normal children and adolescents (377 cases). A clinico-statistical analysis of 62
      patients with dysplasia depicted (as a control, a group of 451 patients not
      differentiated for dysplasia were studied) an earlier onset of the schizophrenic
      process mainly with psychopath-like disorders and a continuous progressive
      development.

PMID- 1210927
TI  - [Developmental features of the children of schizophrenic parents].
AB  - The author assessed the traits of the mental development of children from
      schizophrenic patients. A prevalence of schizoid types of personality was seen.
      The personality was also being analyzed from the point of view of age traits in
      asthenic, sthenic and mixed variants of the schizoid type. An analysis of a group
      of ill children (96) with a schizophrenic hereditary loading gave grounds to
      assume that the differences in the premorbid development of the children
      correlate with the differences of the initial stage and the type of development
      of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1210929
TI  - [Features and dynamics of changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain in
      children and adolescents ill with shift-like schizophrenia].
AB  - Singular and repeated EEG studies performed in children and adolescents with
      shift-like schizophrenia permitted to depict some special traits in the
      bioelectrical brain activity. In all age groups there was a definite tendency to
      a decrease in the amplitude of fluctuations and to a drop in the "area" occupied
      by the fluctuations of biopotentials in relation to normal age indices. There was
      also a relatively high per cent of rapid EEG activity, irregular reactive changes
      of the biopotentials and paraparoxysmal activity. The changes of corticat
      rhythmics were to a greater degree influenced by the features of the psychotic
      attacks rather than by their number and duration of the disease.

PMID- 1210930
TI  - [Clinico-psychopathologic correlations of depressive and maniacal states in
      adolescents with schizophrenia and predominantly phasic affective disorders].
AB  - The author examined 64 adolescents with schizophrenia with a prevalence of phasic
      affective disorders in the clinical picture. In accordance with the degree of
      severity 4 groups of patients were distinguished. A comparison of these groups
      depicted some structural traits of the depressive and manic attacks and their
      dynamics which correlated with the progress of the process. The conclusion is
      being made that shift-like schizophrenia with a prevalence of affective disorders
      in adolescency is characterized by frequent bipolar phases, a tendency towards a
      continual course and a more rapid than in adults modification of the
      phenomenology of attacks with increasing personality changes.

PMID- 1210931
TI  - [A schizophrenia-like variant of phenylketonuria].
AB  - In the clinical picture of 121 patients from 1 to 14 years among the group of 250
      with phenylketonuria (48.4%), besides symptoms of mild mental retardation, there
      were also signs of autism, shallow emotional reactions and catatonic
      disturbances. This group was distinguished as a special schizophreno-like variant
      of phenylketonuria. A study of the age and therapeutical dynamics of the
      psychotic symptomatology has demonstrated that the schizophreno-like syndrome in
      phenylketonuria may be transient (63 cases) and more stable (58 cases) and does
      not depend upon the content of hyperphenilalaninemia, the genetical variant of
      the disorder and hereditary loading by schizophrenia. It is concluded that the
      schizophreno-like symptomatology in phenylketonuria develops due to a pleiotropic
      effect of the phenylketonuric gene.

PMID- 1210932
TI  - [Several patterns of pathologic personality formation in children and adolescents
      with congenital and early acquired deafness].

PMID- 1210933
TI  - [A clinico-genealogic analysis of mentally retarded patients with abnormal amino
      acid metabolism].

PMID- 1210935
TI  - [Features of the senestopathic syndrome in children and adolescents with lesions
      of the deep structures of the brain].

PMID- 1210934
TI  - [The relationship between hyperphenylalaninemia and mental retardation].

PMID- 1210936
TI  - [An oscilllographic study of the speech of patients with cerebral circulatory
      disorders during the period of recovery from aphasia].
AB  - The articulation-phonographic (oscillographic) method of registration based on
      the transformation of acoustic fluctuations into an electrical signal was used
      for the determination of a character and degree of speech disturbances following
      brain strokes. Twenty normals and 18 patients with speech disturbances following
      brain strokes were studied in dynamics. The authors evaluated the duration of the
      latent period and the pronounciation rate of phonemes, words phrases. The
      following disturbances were marked in the motor speech defects: articulational,
      lengthening of the latent period, retardation of the speech rate; in the
      sensorial - lability of sound perception, failure of combinations. Thus, the
      aphatic disturbances, objectivized by the oscillographic method, reveal the
      pathology of various language levels (phonemes, words, phrases) and depend not
      only on the spasticity and apraxy of the vocal muscles, but on the time of the
      course of the cortical processes. The rehabilitation of the speech activity takes
      place simultaneously not on all the levels, while the most vulnerable appears to
      be the phonemic level.

PMID- 1210937
TI  - [Use of electroroentgenography in air contrast studies of the brain].
AB  - Electroroentgenography was used for the first time in neurological practice in 70
      patients. Indications for its use were brain tumors, intracranial hematomas,
      epileptical seizures and a necessity to define inflammatory, traumatical changes
      and brain tumors. These studies permitted to depict hydrocephaly, basal and
      convexital arachnoiditis, asymmetrical ascites, local dilatation of the third
      ventricule, a dislocation and deformation of the ventricules in tumors and
      intracranial hematomas, sequalae of closed brain injuries. It was also proved
      that the use of electroroentgenography is leasible and has advantages in the
      evaluation of the CSF system.

PMID- 1210938
TI  - [Use of the Brdicka polarographic filtrate test for brain tumors].
AB  - The authors conducted a polygraphic study of the blood plasma proteins in 102
      patients with brain tumors of a different histological structure. The data
      depicted a moderate statistically significant increase of the first and second
      catalytical waves in benign tumors and a significant (1.5 times more) increase in
      malignant and metastatical tumors in comparison to the data achieved in donors.
      This method can be used as a supplementary one for differential diagnostical
      purposes in the practice of neurooncology.

PMID- 1210939
TI  - [Coagulation properties of the blood and effectiveness of heparin therapy in
      patients with the cerebral form of hypertension and atherosclerosis].
AB  - By means of clinical and instrumental diagnosis the authors displayed a high
      effectiveness in the preventive treatment of patients with atherosclerosis and
      hypertensive disease by heparin in the period of remission. At the same time
      following treatment some patients especially with hypertensive disease revealed a
      marked activation of the hypercoagulative blood properties which exceeded the
      intial level. The authors discuss the possible mechanisms of this reaction.

PMID- 1210940
TI  - [The adequacy of the rheoencephalographic method in clinical practice and
      research].
AB  - For purposes of defining the adequacy of using REG registrations in clinical
      practice, the authors conducted 4 series of studies on normals (16 cases), in
      patients of a neurosurgical ward (39 cases) and in experimental animals (12
      dogs). The experimental and clinical studies displayed that the mechanical pulse
      fluctuation of the skin was not the determining factor in the genesis of a REG.
      The authors have come to the conclusion that the time of distribution of the
      pulse wave by itself can not serve as an indicator of an extra-or intracranial
      origination of REG waves inasmuch as it is different in different brain areas and
      depending upon its remoteness from the heart and the state of the vascular tone.
      Using the occlusional cuff the authors calculated the portion of the extracranial
      item in the total amount of the wave amplitude in the REG in norms (in average
      14%). Thus, the achieved data confirmed the adequacy of the REG as a method of
      studying the pulse blood flux and cerebral vascular tone.

PMID- 1210941
TI  - [The state of cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics in patients with visceral
      rheumatism].
AB  - In 75 patients with visceral rheumatism prior to and following antirheumatic
      treatment the authors studied the REG in a frontomastoidal and occipito-mastoidal
      leading as well as the REG of the brachial muscles. In one group of patients
      there were REG signs of a significantly increased tone of the cerebral vessels,
      especially of the arterioles and veins accompanied by a certain drop of brain
      repletion. In the other group there was a decrease of the pulse blood repletion
      of the hemispheres along with a significant drop of the arteriole and venous tone
      and difficulties in the blood back flow from the brain cavity. In most of the
      patients in the basin of internal carotid arteries there was a prevalence of
      arterial ischemia, while in the vertebrobasillar system -- venous hypoxia.

PMID- 1210942
TI  - [Heat pulsation as a method of functional loading during electroencephalography].
AB  - In most of the normals who were studied with the aid of thermal pulsation there
      was an expressed shift of bioelectrical brain activity towards a synchronization.
      In patients with generalized epileptical fits and with mesodiencephalic lesions
      under the influence of thermal pulsation there was a distinct expression an
      increase of pathological activity. This effect obviously exceeded the results of
      a use of photostimulation and hyperventilation. In patients with focal lesions of
      the hemospheres the effectivity of of the method appeared to less.

PMID- 1210943
TI  - [The diagnostic value of electromyography in patients with demyelinating diseases
      of the nervous system].
AB  - The authors used EMG registrations of the reflex potentials in the orbicular
      ocular muscles appearing in an electrostimulation of the supraorbital nerve. The
      study included an analysis of the fluctuations of the latent period of the
      winking reflex in patients with different lesions of the central and peripheral
      nervous system. The authors were able to show a significant elongation of the
      latent period in patients with disseminated sclerosis, encephalomyelitis,
      Guillain-Barre polyradiculoneuritis. In other signs of focal lesions of the brain
      stem and polyneuropathy the latent period of the winking reflex was near to the
      normal indices. The authors propose to use this method for the study of the
      process of demyelinization in the brain stem and for early diagnosis of
      disseminated sclerosis.

PMID- 1210944
TI  - [A clinico-electroencephalographic study of acute noxiron poisoning].
AB  - The study is concerned with results of a clinical and EEG examination of 28
      patients with acute poisoning by noxiron. All these were seen in a Republican
      Centre for the Treatment of Acute Poisoning. Three groups of patients with
      certain clinical and EEG features were distinguished which permitted to assess
      more precisely the state of the patient. The authors discuss the possible
      mechanism of CNS lesions in such forms of intoxication.

PMID- 1210945
TI  - [The role of neuromediators in changes in the character of respiration and in its
      correction following cranio-cerebral trauma].
AB  - Experimental studies on dogs and clinical examinations of patients with brain
      injuries permitted to state that the activity of the sympathicoadrenal system in
      the posttraumatic period is increased. The cholinergic processes in such
      conditions are inhibited, the concentration of blood serotonin is decreased.
      Depending upon the character of changed neurohumoral blood factors the parameters
      of external respiration (hypotachypnoe with respiratory acidosis) are also
      changed. In such condition hydrocortison fulfills the normalizing effect on the
      respiratory function only in a stimulation of the inhibited cholinergic system by
      cholinomimetics.

PMID- 1210946
TI  - [A model of pathological states of the sensory system].

PMID- 1210947
TI  - [Lateralization of mental functions at the subcortical level (according to
      material from stereotaxic surgery)].
AB  - In 26 patients with expressed signs of parkinsonism the authors studied the state
      of higher cortical functions prior to and following stereotaxic operations. The
      results of such studies point to a distinct connection between the changes of
      certain mental processes and the side of the operation. It was demonstrated that
      the subcortical structures of the left and right hemisphere participate in the
      mnestic function in different ways. The specificity and different directions of
      postoperative changes in the higher cortical functions may in the opinion of the
      authors speak in favour of a certain specificity in the contributed organization
      of mental processes on behalf of the subcortical structures.

PMID- 1210948
TI  - [Memory disorders in epileptic children with temporal psychomotor seizures].
AB  - The authors demonstrate the results of experimental psychological examination of
      memory in 57 patients with epilepsy in psychomotor temporal seizures. It was
      possible to show that in such cases there was a total decline of short-time
      memory. In bilateral foci and a long-term development of the disease there was a
      formation of an amnestic syndrome. The most distinct changes were seen in a
      delayed reproduction. In an electrostimulation of the structures of the temporal
      lobe by means of implanted electrodes the experiments displayed an intactness of
      direct reproduction during a stimulation of the neocortex, a moderate decrease in
      a stimulation of the hypocampus and a grave -- when stimulating the amygdalar
      complex.

PMID- 1210949
TI  - [Concept formation in children with schizophrenia (from Piaget test material)].
AB  - The authors studied reasons of a domineering perceptive generalizations in the
      Piaget test by children with schizophrenia. In teaching the children to
      distinguish and measure different properties of objects, the most typical
      appeared to be the following actions: a complete or partial refusal to accomplish
      them, a substitution of measurements by a perceptive comparison, difficulties in
      the narration of personal activity in well developed speech. Better results were
      attained in those who were emotionally positive. On these grounds the authors
      presumed an autistical genesis of these disturbances.

PMID- 1210950
TI  - [Perception of elementary speech structure by schizophrenic patients].

PMID- 1210951
TI  - [Psychological diagnosis of sluggish schizophrenia (according to thematic
      apperception test findings)].
AB  - The paper deals with a pilot study of fine, slightly expressed disorders of
      mental activity in patients with sluggish schizophrenia. The results of
      themotical apperceptive tests used in these cases were thoroughly analyzed by the
      author. Three general types of plots, characteristic of such patients were
      distinguished. These features can be used in clinical practice as a supplementary
      diagnostical method in the evaluation of a sluggish form of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1210952
TI  - [Visual perception, reaction time and their alteration under the influence of
      alcohol in patients with remote sequelae of closed cranio-cerebral trauma].
AB  - In patients with remote sequalae of closed brain injuries the author examined the
      time of perception of letter stimula by the aid of a technique of reverse
      masking, the time of motor reactions to simple and letter stimula and changes of
      these temporary parameters under the influence of small doses of alcohol (60 ml
      40 degrees alcohol). The time of perception and time of motor reactions to a
      simple stimula were practically identical to those in normals. The time of motor
      reactions to aletter stimula was higher than to a simple one and in patients
      significantly higher than in normals. Under the influence of alcohol the time of
      perception and motor reactions increase in conditions of letter distinguishing.
      These facts permit to consider that alcohol in such patients makes the processing
      of information in the CNS slower and most strongly influences the central
      cortical processes.

PMID- 1210953
TI  - [The clinical picture of epileptoid psychopathy in light of the views of P.B
      Gannushkin].
AB  - Continuing the main concepts developed by P. B. Gannushkin concerning epileptoid
      psychopathy as an independent form of personality anomaly the author considers
      some clinical traits and the dynamics of this form of psychopathy. Epileptoid
      psychopathy is evaluated in the light of an interaction of epileptoid traits in
      the personality with some external influences and diseases of an organic nature.
      The paper deals with different variants of psychogenic reactions in this
      contingent of patients, reactions to intoxication influences and special clinical
      traits of this form of psychopathy in combination with organic brain lesions and
      in particularly with arteriosclerosis. Besides, the author discusses some
      problems of interrelations of epileptoid psychopathy with schizophrenia and
      epilepsy.

PMID- 1210954
TI  - [Comparative socio-demographic characteristics of schizophrenic patients
      committing socially dangerous acts].
AB  - The report is based on a statistical analysis of a reregistration of mental
      patients on the territory of a large city. The authors systematized and analyzed
      (with the aid of a computer) data concerning the age and sex structure and the
      special traits of a socio-working adaptation of schizophrenic patients who
      committed socially dangerous acts during the period of their illness. These data
      were correlated with similar ones in respect to all the registered schizophrenic
      patients. It was demonstrated that among the patients who committed dangerous
      acts in the past there was a prevalence of males (on the average 4.3 times more
      frequently), while in the general population of schizophrenic patients there is
      only a 23.8% increase among the males, as compared to females. Those who
      committed such acts had a lower educational census and worse indices of working
      capacity which have their specificity in different age groups for males and
      females. The indices of working capacity correlate (a feed back) with the
      frequency of dangerous acts. The authors are of the opinion that the obtained
      information may be used for a wide-range evaluation of the possible risk of
      dangerous acts committed by schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 1210955
TI  - [Results of an epidemiologic study of mental patients over 60 years of age in one
      of the districts of Moscow].
AB  - The convened investigation was related to a clinico-epidemiological study of
      mental disorders in individuals older than 60 who lived in the Kiev district of
      Moscow. The study was made of the entire population by a nonselective method with
      a fulfillment of a specially elaborated epidemiological chart. On the basis of an
      analysis of such charts and a personal interview of 1024 elderly patients and 215
      elderly individuals not registered in the neuropsychiatric dispensary it was
      possible to receive some data concerning the prevalence rates, diagnostical, sex
      and age content of mental diseases in patients over 60, living in the given
      district.

PMID- 1210956
TI  - [Clinical patterns in the course of alcoholic psychosis].
AB  - A dynamical study of 266 patients with alcoholic psychoses during a long period,
      demonstrated that the traditional classification according to the syndromological
      principle is not adequate to the modern development of psychiatry. The achieved
      clinical data testify to the fact of an existence of 3 main types of alcoholic
      psychoses: episodic, remittent and protracted. An analysis of the clinical
      picture of alcoholic psychoses from the point of view of "psychiatry development"
      permits to claim that there is a unity of the pathogenetical mechanisms of all
      the psychotic conditions in a chronic alcoholic intoxication. The main
      pathogenetical factors conditioning the type of psychoses is the stage of
      alcoholism and the character of alcholic abuse.

PMID- 1210957
TI  - [Electromyographic characteristics of movement disorders in tumors of the
      temporal lobe of the brain].
AB  - The author studied the basic regularities of EMG changes in 26 patients with
      tumors of the temporal lobe, in 30 normals and in patients with tumors in the
      frontal lobes. The studies depicted an inhibition of the muscular electrogenesis
      in the form of a drop of the amplitude of muscular potentials at rest, in
      respirative and synergical changes of the muscular tone, in tests on extension
      and voluntary muscular contraction. There was also a mildly changed structure of
      the EMG and crude disorders of the reciprocal relations in muscular antagonists.
      The author stresses that there was no significant asymmetry of EMG parameters. An
      inhibition of muscular electrogenesis was more expressed in patients with
      malignant tumors and in the remote stages of the hypertensive syndrome.

PMID- 1210958
TI  - [Primary multiple sarcoma of the brain and spinal cord].
AB  - The authors present a rare case of primary multiple sarcoma of the brain and
      spinal cord. Histologically the tumor was differentiated with meningeal sarcoma
      and glioblastoma. The diagnosis of a sarcoma was based on the existence of densly
      located polymorphic cells with a large amount of ugly gigantic cells and a
      dissemination of them along the vessels, the presence of collagenic filaments not
      only in the walls of the vessels, but between the tumor cells. The morphological
      pictures of the tumor in the brain and spinal cord were identical.

PMID- 1210959
TI  - [Cerebrospinal fluid studies in acoustic neurinoma].
AB  - The author examined 506 operated upon patients for unilateral neurinoma of the
      acustical nerve of a different size. The content of the protein in the CSF was in
      a direct correlation with the size of the tumor and degree of involvement into
      the pathological process of the vessels in the brain structures, adjacent to the
      tumor. A disturbance in the permeability of the CSF spaces was determined by the
      size of the tumor node.

PMID- 1210960
TI  - [The relationship between the development of the clinical picture of the disease
      and the rate of development of the intracranial focus (an experimental study)].
AB  - Experiments on 53 dogs with a slowly increasing limited brain cavity depicted
      some traits in the development of intracranial hypertension and in the clinical
      development of the disease with regard to the rate of intensification of the
      focus. The rate of an increasing focus exerts great influence on the correlation
      between the duration of the period of larvated (compensated) and manifest
      development of the pathological by volume process in the brain cavity. The author
      distinguishes 4 types in the development of the disease: chronic, subacute, acute
      and stroke-like conditioned by the degree of expressiveness in the compensatory
      mechanisms and factors leading to a breakdown of compensation.

PMID- 1210961
TI  - [The dynamics of temporal lobe epilepsy manifestations and the social
      occupational prognosis in children following surgical removal of the epileptic
      focus].
AB  - The authors conducted a follow-up study of 28 children with temporal epilepsy who
      had undergone an anterior temporal lobectomy performed at the age of 4-13 years.
      Besides, a discontinuation of convulsive seizures in almost all of the cases
      there was an improvement in the social adjustment: 25 of 28 children could go to
      school for the first time or renew their studies, whereas before the operation 7
      children could not study, because of frequent seizures and behavioral
      disturbances. Following 2-10 years after the surgical operation II of the
      patients were still studying at school or in vocational schools and 12 of them
      were working. Not being able to study was I child of school age, and 4 patients
      older than 18 years were incapacitated. Surgical treatment of epilepsy in
      childhood was more effective than in adults.

PMID- 1210962
TI  - [The phenomenon of experimental motor retardation as one of the manifestations of
      the Parkinsonian syndrome].
AB  - A low frequency stimulation of the head of the caudate nucleus in freely moving
      cats leads to an arrest of reactions with an increased muscular tone and tremor.
      This reaction may serve as an experimental model of one of the expressions of
      parkinsonism, inasmuch as its accomplishment depends upon the central
      dopaminergic mechanisms (confirmed on experiments with disulfiram and alpha
      methyltyrosine). The similarity is also supplemented by the fact that the
      arrested reaction is weakened by antiparkinson drugs (d, 1-amphetamine, DOPA,
      artane) and is increased by neuroeptical preparation (aminazine, haloperidol,
      reserpine).

PMID- 1210963
TI  - [Disruption and recovery of grammatical speech in patients with acoustic-mnestic
      aphasia].
AB  - The clinical picture of acustico-mnestical aphasia, besides defects of
      understanding, naming and reiteration is characterized by disorders of a
      grammatical shaping of statements as well. Such disorders as yet have not been
      specially studied. The conducted study explored disorders and rehabilitation of
      speech grammar in 10 patients with acustico-mnestical aphasia with the aid of a
      neuro-linguistical analysis of spontaneous speech in patients and some special
      tests. The study made it possible to eliminate general types of agrammatism in
      different forms of aphasia and disorders, specific of acustico-mnestical aphasia.
      The suggested methods appeared to be adequate for a rehabilitation of speech
      grammar in this group of patients. Besides rehabilitative training may be used as
      a supplementary method for studying the character and structure of agrammatism in
      acustico-mnestical aphasia. The achieved results may be used for the diagnostics
      and rehabilitation of speech in this form of aphasia.

PMID- 1210964
TI  - [Dispensary treatment of the rural population with diseases of the nervous
      system].
AB  - The presentation is concerned with the results of a dispensary study (screening)
      of 517 patients among the rural population with disorders of the nervous system
      during 1971-1972. The author discusses the effectivity of such observations,
      their qualitative and quantitative indices.

PMID- 1210965
TI  - [Several features of facial expression and its perception in schizophrenic
      patients and the problem of emotional reference].
AB  - The author discusses some general problems of emotions and expression. It is
      admitted, in particular, that a consideration of expression as a paralanguage may
      lead (similar to correlation of language and thinking) to a conception of
      mutually conditioned emotions and expression. It is assumed that a differentiated
      concept of emotional structure including besides emotional reactions and states,
      emotional relations may afford a better understanding of expressional pathology.
      The emotional relations as an expressional phenomena is specially stressed. In
      preliminary experiments based on scaled evaluation of mimics it was possible to
      distinguish by experts the mimics of normals and schizophrenic patients. The
      latter had a significant increase in the maximally positive and negative marks.

PMID- 1210966
TI  - [The relationship between cerebral electroactivity in schizophrenic patients and
      age and genetic factors].
AB  - In different age groups of schizophrenic children and adolescents there is a
      tendency towards a drop in the amplitude of fluctuation of brain biopotentials
      and to a decrease in the square of modul according to the data of EEG automatic
      integration. In the younger age groups (3-9 years) these differences were
      significant. The same tendency was marked in the parients of schizophrenic
      children. In epileptic patients and their parents according to this sign there
      was an opposite direction of EEG changes.

PMID- 1210967
TI  - [Comparative clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of affective psychoses and
      periodic schizophrenia].
AB  - The author presents the results of an epidemiological study of 274 patients with
      manic-depressive psychosis and 433 patients with periodic schizophrenia. The
      study concerns the comparison of syndromal conditions in these diseases and
      criteria of prognosis. It is stressed that a bipolar development is an
      unfavorable prognostical sign in both disorders. The prognosis is especially poor
      if manic states appear at the earlier stages of the disorder. The probability of
      a more severe development of manic-depressive psychosis and periodic
      schizophrenia is higher in males than in females.

PMID- 1210968
TI  - [Agonal remission in the terminal stages of schizophrenia].
AB  - The study is concerned with 3 cases of agonal remissions in schizophrenic
      patients following a long-term stable terminal state against the background of
      severe somatic disorders. During these states the behaviour, speech and emotional
      reactions of the patients became normalized. However, there was an insufficient
      insight to the psychoses. The authors mark a special psychopathological disorder
      named as a schizophrenic ecmnestical shift. The patients allocated the age of
      their closest relatives and some - times the current year approximately to the
      time of the onset of the disease. In this relation the authors discuss the
      problems of the possibility and borderlines of a reverse development of severe
      deterioration states, the correlation between the functional and organic
      conditions in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1210970
TI  - [A clinico-physiological study and work capacity evaluation of patients in the
      late stages of vibration disease].
AB  - The authors studied the bioelectroactivity, brain hemodynamics and the state of
      the nervous-muscular system in 97 patients in the remote period of the
      vibrational disease. It was established that despite the absence of a contact
      with vibration most of the patients demonstrated slight general brain changes of
      an electroactivity in the form of irritation, a disturbance of cerebral
      hemodynamics. This was expressed in a decrease of blood repletion, an
      intrahemispheric asymmetry of the blood flux. An analysis of the EMG dopicted a
      decrease in the general electroactivity and a distrubance in the structure of the
      EMG. In patients who had a short contact with vibration the above mentioned
      changes were minimal. The clinico-physiological studies permitted to elaborate
      the basic principles for the commission of experts in regard to working capacity.

PMID- 1210969
TI  - [Psychopathologic manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus].
AB  - The authors studied 200 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus. In most of the
      patients (117 cases) they exhibited neurasthenic symptoms and somato-psychic
      adynamia. In 3 cases there was a hallucinatory syndrome and in 2 - a
      hallucinatory-paranoid psychosis. The pathomorphological findings depicted
      organic brain lesions (vasculitis). A supplementary factor promoting mental
      disturbances in some cases could be an overdosage of corticosteroids and kidney
      lesions.

PMID- 1210971
TI  - [Alcoholism and genetic markers].

PMID- 1210972
TI  - [Experience in organizing social-occupational rehabilitation at a regional
      psychiatric hospital].

PMID- 1210973
TI  - [Experience in organizing a system of stepwise reabilitation for the mentally
      ill].
AB  - The paper deals with the organization of a system of rehabilitative treatment of
      mental patients in conditions of a large and industrially developed region. It is
      stressed that in order to organize a wide range of readaptation measures it is
      necessary to have material security, an expedient distribution of hospital beds,
      a high standard system of a continuity between the in-patient and out-patient
      (including day hospitals and occupational shops) services. In this light it is
      very important to know the general principals of treatment by social methods and
      a correct succession of therapeutical measures and a gradual readaptation,
      adequate to the mental condition of the patient. The effectiveness of the
      mentioned measures is confirmed by figures.

PMID- 1210974
TI  - [Organizational forms and the structure of psychiatric services (with reference
      to the article by A. E. Lifshits, P. P. Zaikino, V. I. Panasenko, I. V.
      Biriukova, "Experience with the organization of psychiatric services according to
      the principle of dispensary-hospital unification")].

PMID- 1210975
TI  - [The role of the temporal lobes in mechanisms of visual recognition].

PMID- 1210976
TI  - [Metabolic manifestations of the compensatory process in the brains of cats
      following spinal cord injuries].
AB  - The author studied the brains of 7 cats following the 30th and 90th days after
      lateral hemisections of the spinal cord on the superior cervical (2-3 segment)
      level and the brains of 7 control intact cats. The quantitative
      (cytointerpherometric) and morphological studies depicted an accumulation of
      dense substances (proteins) in the cytoplasma in the nuclei of the efferent
      neurons of the 5th layer of the motor cortex, in the nucleus rubri, Deyters
      nucleus and in the gigantic cells of the reticular nuclei on the intact side
      accompanied by an increase in the cells and an increase in the amount of
      satellites. More vivid and initial changes were seen in the cortex. The results
      are considered as structural and metabolic signs of a compensatory process
      conditioning the restitution of motor functions.

PMID- 1210977
TI  - [The effect of brain hydrolysate on central nervous system structure].
AB  - The authors studied the action of "cerebrolysin" on the maturation and
      differentiation of cell elements in the brain cortex and hypophysis. Cerebrolysin
      was administered in doses from 0.005-0.025 ml daily during 4 days (beginning from
      the 4th, 7th or 10th day of postnatal life of the animals). Histological and
      electron microscopical studied demonstrated that in experimental groups of
      animals compared to control ones (intact) there is an earlier differentiation of
      the nervous cell structures and an accelerated formation of the
      cytoarchitechtonic fields in the brain cortex. The hypophysis has an earlier
      accumulation and increase of the amount of granular secretion.

PMID- 1210978
TI  - [Glio-neuronal relationships in the cerebral cortex in senile dementia].

PMID- 1210979
TI  - [The morphology of pial and cortical vessels in senile dementia].
AB  - The presentation deals with the data of a morphological study on the brain
      vessels in senile dementia (19 cases) which are compared to the corresponding
      data of mentally healthy individuals of different ages. It was displayed that in
      the arterial vessels along with collagenous and elastic fibres there were
      pseudoelastic structures subjected during the involutional process to hyperplasy.
      The author found that the inner elastic membrane did not undergo pathological
      changes either in the involutional process, or in the cerebral congophyl
      angiopathy, which was characteristic of senile dementia. It was established that
      primary hyalinosis (artheriosclerosis), characteristic of the vessel involution
      of some organs was not observed as an independent process in the brain. A
      constant combination of hyalinosis and amiloidosis in the same vessels allowed
      the author to suppose that the two processes were of the same genesis in senile
      dementia.

PMID- 1210980
TI  - [Ultrastructural features of brain cells from the embryos of schizophrenic
      women].
AB  - With the use of the electron microscope the authors studied the embryonic brain
      tissue obtained during medical abortion of 6 female schizophrenic patients.
      Ultrastructural peculiarities of the cell elements in the embryonic brain in
      theses cases were estimated in comparison with those found in the embryonic brain
      of 14 mentally healthy women. There is a description of damages of membranes,
      mitochondrias and accumulation of granular material in the cytoplasma.

PMID- 1210981
TI  - [Morphology of the endocrine system in schizophrenia according to early autopsy
      findings (the hypophyseal-thyroid system)].
AB  - The paper is concerned with the results of a study on the morpho-functional state
      of the thyroid gland and hypophysis. The research material was obtained during
      the period of 20 min.--5 hours post mortem. Irrespective of the type of the
      course of schizophrenia it was characterized by signs of deterioration in the
      functional activity of the thyroid gland. However, it was established that the
      morphological picture can also be changed under the influence of acutely
      developing diseases, previous to death. In these cases the morphological picture
      corresponds to the sufficiently expressed activation of the glands (according to
      the type of stress-reactions). The author comes to the conclusion of certain
      functional traits in the morphological changes found in the thyroid gland and
      hypophysis in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1210982
TI  - [Clinico-anatomic observations of the Sheehan syndrome with mental disorders].
AB  - The author conducted a clinico-anatomical observation of Sheehan's syndrome with
      characteristic somatic manifestations and patho-anatomical changes in the
      endocrine glands. The psychic disturbances were expressed in the form of a
      hallucinatory-paranoid psychosis. The histological study displayed the following
      significant and extensive changes in the cortex of the hemispheres: a contraction
      of the nervous cells, including an outcome into lipoid sclerosis and gangliose
      cellular vacuums and parenchymatous necrosis.

PMID- 1210983
TI  - [A histochemical study of brain tissue in experimental convulsive seizures
      (componetns of acetylcholine metabolism)].
AB  - The author studied substances related to acetylcholine metabolism
      (acetylcholinesterase, non-specific acetylcholinesterase, SH, SS-groups,
      histidine, Ca) using histochemical methods. There was an increase in the
      intensity of reactions on SH-groups and Ca, and a rise in the staining degree on
      SS-groups and acetylcholinesterase in the subconvulsive phase of the stroke.
      These shifts were more significant in the brain stem. A generalization of
      convulsive strokes intensifies the given changes and causes an increase of the
      intensity of the reactions on histidine after the end of the stroke (after 1, 3,
      6, 24, 48 and 72 hours). A normalization of the studied reactions happens at
      different times in the different brain areas and does not end completely even 72
      hours following discontinuance of the convulsions. The author comes to the
      conclusion that the acetylcholine metabolism is inhibited during the covulsive
      stroke.

PMID- 1210984
TI  - [The effect of several psychotropic substances on brain structure].
AB  - The authors have shown similarities of structural changes in the neuron and
      interneuronal relations found in the brains of rats under indopan and LSD
      stimulation of the CNS with certain differences in the localization of the
      changes in the functionally different brain systems. A high sensitivity of the
      sensory-motor cortex and the subcortical formations of the brain, rich in
      dopamine and serotonin, to indopan has been marked. LSD central effects were
      conditioned by the influence of the drug not only on the synapsis, but on the
      cell body components of the different brain systems, especially in the visual.
      The observed changes were allocated to categories of functional disturbances.

PMID- 1210985
TI  - [Ultrastructure of neurons from the motor region of the cerebral cortex following
      exposure to lysergamide (LSD) and haloperidol].
AB  - The authors describe certain ultrastructural changes in neurons of the cortical
      motor zone in rats after the administration of haloperidol and LSD in combination
      with haloperidol. The study took place 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after the
      administration of the drugs. LSD caused certain neuron changes --a lucid
      swelling. An increase in the number of large neurons with a hyperchronic staining
      of the cytoplasm and an increased intensively stained nuclei was characteristic
      of haloperidol action. A significant increase of the surface of granular
      endoplasmatic reticulum and ribosomes was observed in the large hyperchromic
      neurons. The action of haloperidol on the development of LSD intoxication is
      regarded as a protective one.

PMID- 1210986
TI  - [The effect of mellerin on the lysosomal membranes of rat brain and liver].
AB  - Following one hour after the administration of melleril intramuscularly in dozes
      from 30 mg/kg of weight (when its concentration in the liver and brain attained
      the mazimal figures) there was a labilization of the membranes by liver and brain
      lysis in experimental animals. The membrane damage was evaluated by the increased
      activity of the marker enzyme -- acidic phosphotase in an suprasedimentive
      liquid, as well as by the activation of the enzymes in the fraction by lysis,
      eliminated from the tissue of the brain and liver. The achieved data may reflect
      the interaction of the introduced preparation with the membrane by lysis,
      subcellular particles which participate in freeing the organism from an
      excessively introduced preparation.

PMID- 1210987
TI  - [Rapid treatment of nervous tissue for the purpose of electron microscopy].
AB  - The paper deals with the description of the method which permits to prepare
      during 3.5 hours the nervous tissue for an electrono-microscopic study. The
      accelarated processing is achieved due to the reduction of the main stages:
      prefixation, fixation, dehydration, eponic saturation and polymerization. The
      isotonic buffer was used for the removal of a possible deformation of cell
      appendexes (pressing) with the fixation in glutaraldehyde. The accelarated method
      of the nervous tissue processing neither gives afrtefacts, nor reveals essential
      differences in the tissue in comparison with the general method.

PMID- 1210988
TI  - [The dynamics of clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic parkinsonism].
AB  - The paper deals with data of a clinico-electrophysiological study of 126 patients
      with atherosclerotic parkinsonism in its development. Three variants of the
      atherosclerotic parkinsonism course are demonstrated: a slowly progressive
      development with short-termed remissions of the major symptoms in extrapyramidal
      deficiency (28 patients); a slowly progressive development without remissions (59
      patients) a rapidly progressive development (38 patients). The rate of
      atherosclerotic parkinsonism progressiveness directly depends upon the
      expressiveness of the atherosclerotic processes in all the organs and tissues,
      but mainly on the degree of the damage of the brain vessels and the heart. The
      increase of chronic cerebrovascular deficiency in patients with atherosclerotic
      parkinsonism lead to stable disturbances of metabolic processes not only at the
      extrapyramidal system level of the brain, but in the other areas.

PMID- 1210989
TI  - [The role of disorders of "non-specific systems" of the brain in the pathogenesis
      of the Parkinsonian syndrome].
AB  - The authors conducted a clinico-physiological analysis of the syndrome of
      parkinsonism in different functional states (intense vigilance, flaccid
      vigilance, various phases and stages of night sleep, a hypnotic state) using the
      method of a polygraphic registration and an experimental-psychological study. The
      functional state of so-called nonspecific brain systems in parkinsonism and their
      disturbances in the pathogenesis of the disease was studied. A complicated
      character of shifts in different chains of the non-specific systems with various
      clinical forms and at different stages of the diseases were demonstrated. The
      authors proposed a method of quantitative evaluation of these shifts. It was
      demonstrated that motor, emotional-vegetative, somnic and electroencephalographic
      manifestations in parkinsonism correlated with the character and degree of the
      pathological changes in the non-specific, mainly activating brain systems.

PMID- 1210990
TI  - [The clinical picture and pathogenesis of "nocturnal" cerebral strokes].
AB  - The authors studied 274 patients with ischemic and hemmorrhagical accidents which
      developed at night during sleep and awakening. A hypersensitivity of the carotid
      sinus was much more frequently seen in patients with ischemic accidents and was
      encountered not only in an extrasinus (massage), but in an intrasinus irritation
      (Walsalwa test) as well. The study also demonstrated significant cardio
      inhibitive and vaso-depressive reactions, with an expressed asystolia and a drop
      in the arterial pressure. The authors express their opinion regarding the role of
      a developing bradycardia, asystolia, hypertension and a decrease in the postural
      tone in the genesis of ischemic accidents which may be due to a compression of
      the hypertensive carotid sinus. It is stressed that such accidents usually
      develop during parodoxal sleep. It is also assumed that there may be an
      embolization as a result of a compression of arteriosclerotically changed vessels
      in the area of the carotid sinus.

PMID- 1210991
TI  - [Changes in the mitochondria of human cerebral cortex nerve cells as the result
      of strokes].
AB  - The paper demonstrates that mitochondrias of human brain cortex neurons take an
      active part in the vital processes of the cells, acutely react to brain
      circulation disturbances revealing various destructive and compensatory
      restorative reactions. The observed forms of the mitochondrias damages are
      described. The compensatory-restorative reactions of the mitochondrias consisted
      in an increase of their number, size and the surface of the inner membranes. The
      authors make attempts to display correlations between the found changes of the
      mitochondrias and the clinical picture of the stroke.

PMID- 1210992
TI  - [Clinical characteristics of circulatory disorders in the vertebro-basilar
      system].
AB  - Among 216 examined patients 96 demonstrated clinical symptoms which neither
      fitted into the classical alternating syndromes nor into the syndrome of Foit
      Gilleman. It should be held in mind that the magistral vessels (vertebral
      arteries) and the minor vessels of the stem are involved in the pathogenesis of
      "nondifferentiated" "multiple level" syndromes. Their anatomo-physiological
      condition determines the final realization of the pathological process, its
      anatomical localization and extensiveness.

PMID- 1210993
TI  - [Clinico-pathogenetic features of cerebral cysticercosis accompanied by mental
      disorders].
AB  - On the basis of a study of 32 cases of brain cysticerrcosis with mental
      disturbances the author proposes a classification of these disorders. The
      classification provides an assessment of the stages in the development of the
      disease, the localization of the morbid process, the type ot development and the
      symptomatology of the disease. The authors distinguish the following stages of
      the morbid process: the penetration of the parasite (lasting 3-4 months); an
      exotoxicosis (excretion into the brain products of metabolism, lasting for 5-10
      years); an exotoxicosis (excretion into the brain products of desintegration of
      the dying parasite, ensues after 5-10 years); residual. The clinical types of
      development according to the author are the following: primary-hypertoxic rapidly
      leading to a lethal outcome; progressive-remittent; chronic-progressive. The
      highest lethality falls on the 1st decade of the diseases.

PMID- 1210994
TI  - [Uptake of serum free fatty acids by lipids of the brown adipose tissue].
AB  - The flow rate of serum free fatty acids (FFA) into the lipids of brown adipose
      tissue (BAT) of newborn rabbits was determined by intravenous injection of [14C]
      1-palmitate. For a normal 7 day old animal during acute cold exposure the flow
      rate is (1 hour in 20 degrees C ambient temperature) 0.209 mumol/minute, that is
      3.6% of the serum FFA turnover. Prolonged cold exposure only induced an increase
      in FFA influx if the lipid depot had been depleted (48 hours starvation in 20
      degrees C). Consequently, the BAT takes up serum FFA for heat production only
      after mobilisation of its lipid stores. It is supposed that the mechanism of the
      uptake of serum FFA by the BAT is connected with their esterification to
      triglycerides. The phospholipids of BAT which are not only membrane bound lipids
      are characterized by a high metabolism.

PMID- 1210995
TI  - The NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 reduction in liver microsomes of rats of
      different ages with and without phenobarbital pretreatment.
AB  - The activity of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase in liver microsomes of 10- to 60
      day-old rats was determined. Neither the half life time of cytochrome P-450
      reduction nor the absolute amount of cytochrome P-450 reduced per time unit
      depend on age. Phenobarbital pretreatment enhances the reduction rate in all age
      groups. The addition of hexobarbital or ethylmorphine to microsomal suspension
      accelerates the reduction of cytochrome P-450 in some age groups only. Age
      differences corresponding to developmental changes in drug-metabolizing
      activities are not detectable. The NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase seems to be
      not responsible for the age dependence of drug metabolism.

PMID- 1210996
TI  - [Plastic response changes in neurons from lateral geniculate body in rats
      submitted to conditional reflectory stimulation].
AB  - In alert curarized rats the influence of an electric stimulation of the tail skin
      on the flash-evoked activity of single units of the dorsal part of the lateral
      geniculate body (CGLd) was investigated. The light flashes were applied 400 msec
      prior to the electric shocks. 50% of the units showed a change of the response
      pattern to flash. In the majority of cases the response shifts consisted in a
      facilitation, which developed gradually and persisted in most of the units
      examined, even when the electrical stimulus was no longer given in combination
      with the light. The results are discussed taking into consideration the
      possibility of an altered emotional or motivational status of the animal, which
      could play a role in the development of plasticity at the unitary level.

PMID- 1210997
TI  - [Electromyographic studies of the musculus rectus nasalis in postnatal growing
      rabbits while turning the animal on the horizontal level].
AB  - In rabbits aged 1-15 days and in a comparative group of adult animals, the EMG of
      the musculus rectus nasalis was recorded during a turn after speed jumps from 0
      degrees/sec to 30 degrees/sec, 60 degrees/sec and 144 degrees/sec, respectively,
      through a path of 360 degrees. From the first day of life, an electrical activity
      consistent with the rapid and slow phase of the nystagmus was found. The EMG
      potentials, the so-called bursts, underwent qualitative changes with age that can
      be taken to reflect increasing maturation both of centralnervous mechanisms of
      inhibition and a functional transformation of the eye-muscles. The number of
      bursts increased with age during the turn; the latency period from the onset of
      turning to the appearance of the bursts was reduced. The differences observed at
      the three turning speeds are discussed with regard to the age of the animals.

PMID- 1210998
TI  - [Quantitative description of the adaptation of vagal effects by means of an
      electromechanical coupling model].
AB  - A four compartments model describes the electrotropic and the inotropic vagal
      effect time courses during long time stimulation. The model realises electro
      mechanical coupling. A differential equation for the coupling model is developed,
      solutions are given and a numerical treatment is described. The model shows the
      essential properties of effect adaptation: time delay and smaller extent of
      electrotropic effect adaptation.

PMID- 1210999
TI  - [Structural and immunochemical studies of the immunoglobulins of carp (Cyprinus
      carpio L.) II. Analysis of the subunits].
AB  - The 14 S immunoglobulin of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was split into subunits
      with 0,01 M dithioerythritol. These 5,7 S subunits have a molecular weight of 104
      000 and a hexose and hexosamine content of 6.2%. It is likely that the subunits
      represent HL-half-molecules and not H2L2-monomeres. The values for the molecular
      of H- and L-chains were 77 000 and 24 000, respectively.

PMID- 1211000
TI  - Immunologic reactivity to incompatible blood group substances of the ABO system
      in scleroderma.
AB  - The immunization with incompatible blood groups substances of the ABO system
      yielded distinct increases in the isohemagglutinin titers and their scores in 16
      patients suffering from systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) and in 16 controls. The
      difference between these two groups was not statistically significant, which
      suggests an intact humoral immunological reactivity of these antigens. However,
      investigations with further antigens would be necessary to judge the
      immunological factors supposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic
      sclerosis. The method may be recommended for testing the humoral immunological
      response in similar problems.

PMID- 1211001
TI  - [Immunization experiments for producing antibody-like substances in caterpillars
      of Mamestra brassicae L. (Insecta, Lepid., Noct.)].
AB  - The agglutinins against human blood cells described in caterpillars of Mamestra
      brassicae L. were not demonstrable when feeding the animals with a semisynthetic
      food. After injection or oral intake of certain bacteria (E. coli or streptococci
      of group C) or even Pope's broth the "antibody-like substances" known from
      feeding with natural food are being formed, and they agglutinated all human blood
      cells. The individual animals showed differences regarding the strength of
      agglutinin formation. The immune reactions observed possibly indicate the
      existence of a primitive immune system in these species (arthropods).

PMID- 1211002
TI  - [Purification of Meerrettich-peroxidase by means of affinity chromatography on
      concanavalin A-agarose].
AB  - Crude preparations of horse-radish peroxidase were purified by means of affinity
      chromatography on Concanavalin A-agarose. The peroxydase was bound to
      Concanavalin A, whereas the majority of other proteins of the preparation pass
      through the column. Subsequently the peroxidase was eluted by means of 1 M
      sucrose with high purity. The purified enzyme is convenient for the immunoenzyme
      technique.

PMID- 1211003
TI  - Bacterial carotenoids, XLVI. C50-Carotenoids, 14. C50-Carotenoids from
      Arthrobacter glacialis.
AB  - From the psychrophilic bacterium Arthrobacter glacialis have been isolated three
      C50-carotenoids with molecular formulae C50H72O2: the bicyclic decaprenoxanthin
      (1a, 7% of total carotenoids), the aliphatic bisanhydrobacterioruberin (2a, 10%)
      and the monocyclic A.g. 470 (3a, 83%). Decaprenoxanthin (1) and
      bisanhydrobacterioruberin (2) were in all respects, including chiroptical
      properties, identical with known carotenoids. The constitution of the previously
      undescribed A.g. 470 (3a) followed from its spectral properties (electronic, 1H
      NMR including Eu-shift experiments and mass spectra) and derivatization to 3b and
      3c. 3a suffered remarkable elimination to the tridecaene 4a (C47H64O) upon
      DMSO/KOMe/MeOH treatment. Judged by CD data A.g. 470 (3a) also in stereochemical
      respect 3a appears to be half decaprenoxanthin (1a)+half
      bisanhydrobacterioruberin (2a). The intensity ratios of the M-92/M-106 ions on
      electron impact of 3a,b,c and 4a,b are consistent with the general theory.

PMID- 1211004
TI  - [Nontraumatic lesions of the nerve. A. Compression].

PMID- 1211005
TI  - [Nontraumatic lesions of the nerve. C. Tumors].

PMID- 1211006
TI  - [Traumatic lesions of the nerve. A. General aspects].

PMID- 1211007
TI  - [Induced retardation of healing by means of beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN)
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211008
TI  - [Cervicocapital endoprosthesis--ILF in practice. Preliminary communication
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211009
TI  - [Development of the acetabulum after Ludloff's operation of inborn dislocation of
      the hip joint (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211010
TI  - [Loosening of polyethylene fossa of total prothesis of the hip joint (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1211011
TI  - [Epicondylitis and its treatment by Hohmann's operation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211012
TI  - [Coxarthrosis in a selected territorial population sample (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211014
TI  - [Transport fractures of the sternum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211013
TI  - [Contribution to the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis by long-term intra
      arterial infusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211015
TI  - [Acromioclavicular dislocation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211016
TI  - [Osteosynthesis of the olecranon by means of a hooked splint (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211017
TI  - [Some typical signs of amputation stumps after injuries of the thigh (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1211018
TI  - [Verification of suitability of the child shoes with open heel part (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1211019
TI  - [Universal anti-rotation shoe after surgery of the hip joint].

PMID- 1211020
TI  - [Treatment of late sequelae of fractures of lumbal vertebrae (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211021
TI  - [Spinal cord and scoliosis. The cause and the effect (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211022
TI  - [Anatomical structure of the external lateral ligament of the ankle and its
      importance in clinical practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211023
TI  - [Classification of endoprostheses of the hip joint with regard to the cervico
      capital endoprosthesis ILF-Pavlansky (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211024
TI  - [Use of catgut to reduce the exothermic reaction of polymetacrylates in practice
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211026
TI  - [Leather extension corset type Milwaukee].

PMID- 1211025
TI  - [Our contribution to the problem of evaluation of operated hip joints (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1211027
TI  - An in vitro method for evaluating tissue acceptance of foreign materials.
AB  - A method for the evaluation of the quality of acceptance of foreign materials in
      biologic tissue is presented: an in vitro tissue culture technique. Explants form
      chicken embryo hearts are placed directly on the surface of various materials and
      the growth of the cultures is measured following 4 days of incubation. Growth
      zones are recorded and these areas interpreted as an index of the acceptance of
      the material by the host tissue. The surface expansion apparently reflects an
      affinity or mechanical connection between the materials and the tissue. This
      concept may be of clinical importance especially in vascular reconstructive
      surgery. Polyester is proved to be the most suitable material in these
      investigations.

PMID- 1211028
TI  - Fluorescein angiography of canine conjunctival auto- and allografts. Analysis by
      sequential, still photographic recording of the spreading of fluorescence over
      the graft surfaces following intravenously administered fluorescein.
AB  - Two autologous and 4 allogeneic conjunctival grafts have been transplanted to the
      corneal-scleral region in 6 dogs. The animals with the autografts and 2 of the
      allografts were untreated, while the animals with the other 2 allografts were
      treated with azathioprine and prednisolone. The grafts were followed with daily
      sequential, still photographic recording of the spreading of the fluorescence
      over the graft surfaces after fluorescein sodium had been given intravenously. A
      motordriven camera, with automatically timed exposures at very short intervals
      down to 1 sec, was used in combination with a fast recycling flash unit. The
      behaviour of the circulation seemed to be the same in auto- and in allografts
      during the first 8 days of healing. One day before showing signs of rejection at
      oridinary inspection, the two untreated allografts, on photographic analysis of
      the spreading of fluorescence, showed minute areas of non-fluorescence in an
      early stage of the procedure. The same type of local impairment of the
      circulation, manifested by slower uptake of dye in limited areas, was noted in
      the treated allografts, appearing 2-3 days before severe signs of rejection were
      noted at orinary inspection. These areas, however, gradually filled with dye
      during the further course of the test, to such a degree that the irregularities
      in the spreading of the fluorescence might easily have been overlooked in an
      oridinary fluorescein test. The disturbance of the circulation gradually
      increased during the course of the rejection and, at the stage when changes were
      observed at ordinary inspection, the circulation was severely impaired, as
      indicated by a complete non-appearance of fluorescence in certain areas, or in
      the whole graft. It is suggested that the modification of the classic fluorescein
      test described here, in detecting the early circulatory irregularities, indicates
      more precisely the start of the rejection process than do the criteria of
      allograft rejection used so far, and that it is, therefore, a sensitive means of
      evaluating the effects of various immunosuppressive procedures.

PMID- 1211029
TI  - Risk factors in peripheral arterial disease. An out-patient pilot study at the
      Department of Surgery in Malmo.
AB  - In a pilot study in patients with verified peripheral arterial occlusion, smoking
      was compared with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and glucose intolerance, as a
      risk factor for peripheral arterial disease. The material consists of 17 men, all
      new out-patients at the Department of Surgery in Malmo during the first 6 months
      of 1973. Of these patients, 15 were smokers, all inhaled. Glucose intolerance was
      found in 4, hyperlipidemia in 3 and hypertension in 2 individuals. It is shown
      that smoking, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia and hypertension are more
      common in patients with peripheral arterial disease than in defined population
      groups. In patients with bilateral occlusion an increased number of risk factors
      was found. Smoking was the most common risk factor and in 10 patients it was the
      only known risk factor.

PMID- 1211031
TI  - Reactive hyperaemia in the hind limbs of rabbits. IV. The effect of arterial
      stenosis.
AB  - The influence of arterial stenosis on reactive hyperaemia was measured by
      electromagnetic flowmetry in the hind limbs of rabbits. When basal blood flow was
      reduced by 50% by a stenosis, maximal flow and percentual repayment of reactive
      hyperaemia were reduced significantly. However, the recovery time remained
      unchanged. Thus, the post-ischaemic vasodilatation passed off in a normal time,
      but without as large a percentual repayment as seen in controls. Neither did the
      stenosis induce any prolongation of the time from release of occlusion until
      maximal flow occurred. The part of repayment obtained during the first minute
      after release from 5 min occlusion was significantly lower with arterial stenosis
      than in controls.

PMID- 1211030
TI  - Aorto-ilicofemoral arterial reconstructive surgery. With special reference to
      profunda revascularization.
AB  - A series of 177 patients undergoing 190 reconstructions for aorto-ilicofemoral
      arterial occlusive disease are reported. Operative procedures were carried out on
      a total of 294 limbs. On 87 of these, profunda revascularization was performed.
      The indication for surgery was advanced ischemia in 50% of the profunda
      revascularization patients and in 20.5% of the patients with superficial femoral
      arteries open or reconstructed. Dacron bypass graft was used in 99
      reconstructions and ilicofemoral or femorofemoral vein graft in 8 cases.
      Endarterectomy was carried out in 83 cases. The overall operative mortality rate
      was 5.3%, renal failure being the most common cause of death. The 5-year survival
      rate was 73.5%. The rate of primary thrombosis was 2.6%. The 5-year cumulative
      patency rate of all aorto-ilicofemoral reconstructions was 91.3%. In the profunda
      revascularization group the corresponding percentage was 82.1%. There was no
      difference in the patency rate between reconstructions using Dacron graft or
      endarterectomy. The symptomatic results were good also in the profunda
      revascularization group, 93% of patients having relieved symptoms as an initial
      result of surgery. There were seven major amputations in 6 patients during the
      follow-up time and 5 patients needed further femoropopliteal reconstruction. It
      can be said that in most cases profunda revascularization is sufficient for
      satisfactory clinical results.

PMID- 1211032
TI  - Reconstructive arterial surgery in peripheral obliterative atherosclerosis.
AB  - A series of 547 patients (678 extremities) subjected to reconstructive arterial
      surgery is presented, with a minimum observation period of 2 years. The incidence
      of associated diseases at the time of operation was high (39%) and accounted for
      an impressive mortality when the patients were observed for a longer period of
      time. The main indication for all types of reconstructions was intermittent
      claudication and the results are in accord with those reported in other larger
      series. In 244 patients subjected to open thrombendarterectomy the postopertive
      mortality was 10/244, with 55% of the reconstructions being open after a mean
      observation period of 76 months. In 158 patients undergoing femoro-popliteal vein
      bypass procedures, the postoperative mortality was 2/158, with 55% open grafts
      after a mean observation period of 61 months.

PMID- 1211033
TI  - Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia in the adult.
AB  - Five adult patients with the Bochdalek type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia
      are presented. Four of the hernias were on the left side and one on the right.
      One of the patients was asymptomatic, while 3 of them had gastrointestinal
      symptoms. In 2 of these 3 cases, the symptoms became worse when the patients were
      lying down. One patient complained mostly of dyspnoea, and also had a patent
      ductus arteriosus. The other anomaly, in addition to hernia, was diaphragmatic
      pulmonary sequestration. All the patients were operated on transthoracally. In
      one case, laparotomy was also performed. There was no strangulation in any of the
      cases. No operative or postoperative complications occurred. A complete
      roentgenologic examination including chest X-ray, barium meal, barium enema, and
      sometimes pneumoperitoneum may be needed in order to make an accurate diagnosis
      preoperatively. Because of the strangulation danger operation is recommended
      whenever the diagnosis is made.

PMID- 1211034
TI  - Surgical treatment of hernia through the foramen of Morgagni.
AB  - A series of 25 surgically treated patients with the Morgagni type of
      diaphragmatic hernia is presented. Twenty-two of the patients were female and
      three were male. The hernia was on the right side in all of them. Five of the
      patients had symptoms which were predominantly gastrointestinal. The remainder of
      the patients were asymptomatic and were admitted to hospital because of an
      abnormal finding at chest X-ray. All but one were operated transthoracically. In
      one case an abdominal approach was used because cholecystectomy was performed
      simultaneously with the hernial repair. In 3 cases the hernail sac contained a
      portion of transverse colon and in 9 cases, omentum. In 12 there was an
      accumulation of adipose tissue in the hernial sac, and in 2 cases it was empty
      when operated. There were no serious complications and no mortalities.

PMID- 1211035
TI  - Relaparotomy. A ten-year series.
AB  - A review of the literature covering c. 158,000 laparotomies shows that acute
      relaparotomy has an incidence of 1.0% and a mortality rate of 43%. Over and above
      this, rupture of the abdominal wound, which illogically is often considered
      separately, occurs in 0.6% of all laparotomies and carries a mortality of 34% in
      the 179,000 laparotomies reviewed in this article. Our own series of 121
      relaparotomies in 16,719 cases of laparotomy (an incidence of 0.72%, including
      burst abdomen) with a 28.1% mortality is discussed. Indications for relaparotomy
      have included haemorrhage (19%), ileus (25%), peritonitis (32%), wound rupture
      (22%), and other causes (2%).

PMID- 1211036
TI  - Sphincterotomy treatment for biliary tract stones. A retrospective review.
AB  - A series of 106 patients with biliary tract stones is reported. The patients
      underwent supraduodenal choledochotomy, with an attempt to carry out conventional
      sanitation of the biliary tract, before a transduodenal sphincterotomy was done.
      Indication for sphincterotomy was mainly presence of wedged papillary stones or
      multiple common duct stones. Of the entire series, 52 attended for follow-up
      study after a period of at least 2 years postoperatively, and underwent
      intravenous cholangiography, 51 patients had papillary stones removed via the
      sphincterotomy. Stones were missed in 8 of 102 patients, but were passed
      spontaneously in 2 patients during the observation period. Postoperative
      mortality was high (10%)--4 patients developed a fatal pancreatitis. It is
      concluded that the procedure of sphincterotomy allows certain identification and
      removal of wedged papillary stones, but does not always allow that missed stones
      will be passed spontaneously. The possible significance of transpapillary
      drainage in the subsequent development of pancreatitis is considered.

PMID- 1211037
TI  - Pharmacological effects on gastric emptying following laparotomy in the rat.
AB  - Alteration of the gastrointestinal motility following abdominal surgery is a well
      substantiated clinical observation. Clinical reports concerning the effect of
      drugs theoretically suitable for normalizing inhibited gastric emptying during
      the postoperative period have been conflicting, however. The effect of
      chlorpromazine, neostigmine and metoclopramide upon retarded gastric emptying
      following laparotomy was studied in experiments on rats. Metoclopramide
      (Primperan) considerably improved the emptying ability of the stomach as early as
      24 hours after laparotomy. After 72 hours this effect was further accentuated. No
      improvement of postoperatively retarded motility resulted from treatment with
      chlorpromazine or with neostigmine during the first 3 postoperative days.

PMID- 1211038
TI  - Clinical results 6 to 8 years after truncal vagotomy and drainage for duodenal
      ulcer in 500 patients.
AB  - The clinical results of truncal vagotomy and drainage for duodenal ulcer in 500
      patients are evaluated by a personal 6-8 year follow up. Pyloroplasty was used
      unless pyloric stenosis made a gastrojejunostomy necessary. Forty-three patients
      had recurrence (39 were reoperated) and gastric ulcer was seen in five. The rate
      of dumping was 24% (severe in 3%) and rate of daily-monthly diarrhoea 40% (severe
      in 8%). Neither dumping nor diarrhoea was related to histamine-activated gastric
      acid secretion ten days after vagotomy and insulin-activated acid secretion 3 to
      4 years later. Dumping was related to epigastric fullness and diarrhoea.
      Recurrence was related to histamine-activated secretion before and 10 days after
      vagotomy and to insulin-activated secretion 10 days and 3-4 days after vagotomy.
      Minor changes were seen in weight- and laboratory-measurements. Anemia was not
      related to prophylactic intake of iron. Satisfactory results (Visick I-III) were
      seen in 80% of the patients. The figure may be increased to 86%, including
      results of operations for recurrence, gastric ulcer and other diseases occurring
      after the original vagotomy and drainage; even then, the results seem less
      satisfactory than those after other operations for duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1211039
TI  - Massive haemorrhage from gastroduodenal ulcer. A series of 149 casees operated
      on.
AB  - A series of 149 patients operated on for massive haemorrhage from gastroduodenal
      ulcer is presented. The patients were divided into two groups, emergency (70
      patients) and semi-emergency (79 patients). In the emergency group the cause of
      bleeding was GU in 67% and DU in 26%; in the semi-emergency group the
      corresponding figures were GU 30% and DU 63%. In DU vagotomy + antral resection
      or pyloroplasty were the usual procedures. GU patients usually underwent a
      classical resection. The operative mortality rate in the emergency group was 14%
      and in the semi-emergency group 2.5%. In the whole series the mortality rate was
      8.0%. Bleeding recurred in 8 patients (5.4%) and of these eight, five died. The
      causes of death and the postoperative complications were analysed. In the
      treatment of massively bleeding duodenal ulcer vagotomy + antral resection is
      recommended in the case of "good risk" patients and vagotomy + pyloroplasty in
      the case of "poor risk" patients. For treatment of bleeding gastric ulcer, the
      procedure recommended with "good risk" patients is still antrectomy, but in cases
      where the ulcer is situated high up near the cardia and for "poor risk" patients,
      excision, vagotomy and pyloroplasty should be carried out.

PMID- 1211040
TI  - Causes of death in patients with gastric ulcers.
AB  - Of 701 patients with gastric ulcers admitted to hospital within the period 1955
      64, 180 died within a five-year period calculated from the time of admission.
      Causes of death were established at autopsy in 66%, and otherwise were derived
      from death certificates. The mortality in our series is grouped after the sex and
      age of the patients, and the causes of death are compared with the corresponding
      sex and age groups of the Copenhagen population. Mortality was significantly
      higher than expected in both men and women, particularly high in the first year
      after actual admission, but falling thereafter to about the same level as the
      expected mortality. Gastric ulcer itself was the most usual cause of death, but
      other disease was also significant. Thus mortality from suicide was significantly
      higher than expected in women. That there is a relationship between operation and
      suicide seems unlikely--all concerned had psychiatric histories. In men,
      pulmonary disease involved a significantly higher mortality than expected, and
      some connection between ulcer disease and pulmonary disease seems possible. If
      patients dying from cancer of the stomach within a two-year period are excluded,
      mortality from this disease was not significantly higher than expected. Thus the
      study gives no support to that theory that benign gastric ulcers are prone to
      malignant degeneration.

PMID- 1211041
TI  - Posterior rectotomy for villous tumours of the rectum.
AB  - Posterior extrasphincteric rectotomy gives good access to the mid-rectum 8-15 cm
      from the anus. The method is suitable for the excision of villous and adenomatous
      tumours in this region as it permits radical extirpation and consequently little
      risk of recurrence. Its chief disadvantage is the risk of a fecal fistula. Among
      10 operated patients a fistula was seen in 2; it healed spontaneously in the
      course of 4 weeks in one but did not heal in the other even after a
      sigmoidostomy. The latter patient has recurrence of the tumour and an
      insufficiently radical operation is presumably the reason why the fistula has not
      healed.

PMID- 1211042
TI  - The "Barrett syndrome" (the columnar-lined lower oesophagus): an acquired
      condition secondary to reflux oesophagitis. A case report with discussion of
      pathogenesis.
AB  - A case of the "Barrett syndrome" in a patient with severe ulcerating reflux
      oesophagitis is reported. Evidence indicating that it is an acquired condition
      caused by reflux of bile-contaminated gastric juice is presented. The "Barrett
      ulcer" and the oesophagitis healed following a partial gastrectomy with a Roux-en
      Y gastrojejunostomy. The substitution of the squamous epithelium of the lower 15
      cm of the oesophagus by columnar epithelium of cardia type is apparently
      irreversible.

PMID- 1211043
TI  - Extragonadal endodermal sinus tumours. Report of a case.
AB  - A case is described of endodermal sinus tumour originating in the sacro-coccygeal
      region in a man 20 years of age. Of the hitherto presented cases of endodermal
      sinus tumour of a gonadal origin, 24 out of 42 patients have died. Of 21 patients
      in whom the disease was of an extragonadal origin, 18 have died. Thus, the
      prognosis seems to be less favourable in patients with extragonadal tumours. The
      best prognosis has been reported in boys with endodermal sinus tumours of a
      testicular origin operated before the age of 2 years.

PMID- 1211044
TI  - The management of generalised lymphoma.

PMID- 1211045
TI  - [Laparotomy in hematosarcoma. Analysis of 76 splenectomies].

PMID- 1211046
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic importance of laparotomy in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1211047
TI  - [Laparotomy with splenectomy in new cases of Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1211048
TI  - [Polychemotherapy in generalized form of Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1211049
TI  - [Polychemotherapy without prednisone in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1211050
TI  - Combination chemotherapy in Hodgkin's disease at advanced stages.

PMID- 1211051
TI  - [Chemotherapy of advanced stages (IIIB and IV) of Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1211052
TI  - [Rheumatismal aspect of giant-cell arteritis: its relation to rhizomelic pseudo
      polyarthritis].

PMID- 1211053
TI  - [The contribution of pathological anatomy to the diagnosis and prognosis of
      different forms of tubal sterility].
AB  - The histological examination made by means of tubal section allows us to predict;
      in a large number of cases, the functional future of the tubes after plastic
      surgery. The results obtained through surgical treatment of the various internal
      tubal occlusions can be summarised thus: a persistance of permeability is very
      marked in the internal tubal occlusions and more especially, in the
      colonisations. But on the whole, uterine pregnancies, including those with
      abortion, and gestations whose development is unknown, are less frequent than
      those obtained after surgical treatment ofr external tubal occlusions. In fact,
      the percentage of pregnancies after external tubal occlusions is 22%, with 18% of
      the pregnancies going the full term; 15% in cases of internal tubal occlusion,
      with only 5 pregnancies, that is 7%.

PMID- 1211054
TI  - Towards planned pregnancy: the impact of medical and sociological services in a
      metropolitan connerbation.

PMID- 1211055
TI  - [Celioscopy in the exploration of unexplained sterility].

PMID- 1211056
TI  - [Cerclages "a froid" and early or urgent].

PMID- 1211057
TI  - Anesthesia for coelioscopy.

PMID- 1211058
TI  - [Metroplasties].

PMID- 1211059
TI  - [A new device for salpingoplasty].

PMID- 1211060
TI  - Cancer detection and contraception.

PMID- 1211061
TI  - The diagnosis and classification of viral hepatitis B considering the recent
      histomorphologic findings.

PMID- 1211062
TI  - Studies of liver function and structure in patients with gallstones before and
      during treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid.
AB  - Twelve patients with gallstones were treated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)
      for 3 to 22 months. Liver function and structure were studied before and during
      treatment. No signs of hepatotoxicity were observed. Activities of several
      enzymes, including transaminases, GLDH, and gamma-GT were frequently abnormal in
      this group of patients. But there was no statistical difference between treatment
      and pre-treatment levels. Serum bilirubin and protein electrophoresis remained
      normal throughout the study. The BSP retention test was not significantly altered
      by CDCA treatment. Light microscopic examination in 8 patients revealed no
      changes of liver structure during 3 to 19 months of CDCA administration except,
      however, for a decrease of fatty changes in 3 patients. The ultrastructure of
      liver cells was found to be normal in 5 patients, in whom electron microscopy was
      done as well.

PMID- 1211063
TI  - Ethanol metabolism in liver cirrhosis and chronic alcoholism.
AB  - Ethanol metabolism and its influence on serum lactate/pyruvate ratio was studied
      after intravenous infusion of ethanol in 17 patients: 4 controls, 5 alcoholics
      with cirrhosis, 4 non-alcoholic cirrhotics and 4 alcoholics without liver
      disease. All refrained from the use of alcohol and drugs 4 weeks prior to the
      experiment. After maximal ethanol blood levels were achieved at the end of the
      infusion, ethanol removal occurred at two different rates. This was probably due
      to the fact that different volumes of ethanol were distributed with time: a fast
      period (30 to 60 min) and a slow period (60 to 180 min). The rates of
      disappearence in the two periods were similar in all groups which suggests that
      liver cirrhosis, independent of clinical severity and/or chronic alcoholism with
      previous abstinence from alcohol, does not modify ethanol metabolic rates in the
      liver. The relation lactate/pyruvate doubled in all cases but it occurred within
      30 minutes in the groups without liver disease and within 60 minutes in the
      cirrhotics. This could account for the decreased liability of cirrhotic patients
      to alcohol hypoglycemia.

PMID- 1211064
TI  - Differential diagnosis between benign and malignant biliary tract obstruction:
      discriminative usefulness of some clinical and laboratory data.
AB  - The data of 26 patients with obstructive jaundice caused by biliary tract stones
      were compared to those of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice in order
      to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of some laboratory tests in the
      differential diagnosis between these two conditions. The Fisher's discriminant
      analysis was employed. The combined evaluation of serum albumin and haptoglobin
      appeared to have the most satisfactory discriminative effectiveness, yielding a
      54% rate of correct diagnosis, with a safety margin of 95%.

PMID- 1211065
TI  - Exocrine pancreatic function in man after cytotoxic treatment.
AB  - Using the secretin-pancreozymin test, the function of the exocrine pancreas was
      studied in patients with malignant disease before and after massive-dose therapy
      with cyclophosphamide and before and after combined cytotoxic treatment (as
      outlined by De Vita). The investigations further included an examination of the
      exocrine pancreatic function in subjects on maintenance therapy with
      clyclophosphamide of Myleran and a comparison with the exocrine pancreatic
      function in a group of controls. In the patients on massive-dose or continued
      therapy with cyclophosphamide the volume of the duodenal secretion and the
      bicarbonate, electrolyte and enzyme outputs in the duodenal secretion remained
      essentially unchanged. In contrast, cytotoxic combination treatment resulted in
      decreased activities of amylase and lipase, and in some cases of trypsin. After
      maintenance treatment with Myleran a reduction of the trypsin and amylase
      activities was detectable; chymotrypsin and lipase were found to be slighthly
      lowered.

PMID- 1211066
TI  - The behaviour of different markers of the mucosal extracellular space in rat
      small intestine.
AB  - The mucosal extracellular space in rat small intestine is determined with inulin
      14C, mannitol-14C and unlabeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose in control animals and after an
      intravenous secretin load. The mannitol and 2-deoxy-D-glucose spaces in control
      animals are significantly greater than the inulin space. After secretin the three
      investigated markers show different, in part adverse, alterations of the mucosal
      extracellular space. These different results may be due to the composition of the
      incubation medium and to a distinct effect of secretin on the distribution of the
      employed markers.

PMID- 1211067
TI  - 13-norleucine motilin versus pentagastrin: contrasting and competitive effects on
      gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity in the conscious dog.
AB  - In conscious fasted dogs, with chronically-implanted electrodes in stomach and
      small intestine, typical aborally-propagated interdigestive myoelectric complexes
      were induced by the infusion of 13-nor-leucine motilin (13-Nle-M); whereas when
      the normal interdigestive activity was abolished by the infusion of pentagastrin,
      the resulting 'postprandial' pattern of activity was not significantly modified
      by the administration of 13-Nle-M. Results from this study provide further
      evidence that Motilin as well as Gastrin may be involved in the control of
      gastrointestinal motility in dogs.

PMID- 1211068
TI  - Primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis.
AB  - This is a report on a 36-year-old male patient presenting with a rare combination
      of ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. The disease of the
      biliary tract was suspected on the basis of the endoscopic retrograde
      representation of the common bile duct, and serologically differentiated from a
      chronic destructive, non-supperative cholangitis on the basis of a lack of
      antimitochondrial antibodies. Subsequently, a hepaticojejunostomy was carried out
      to normalize the bile flow.

PMID- 1211069
TI  - The effect of mean winter temperature around 0 degrees C on the population size
      of the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, Say. (Acarina: Ixodidae).

PMID- 1211070
TI  - Interaction between ornitocheyletia hallae Smiley 1970 (Acarina, Cheyletiellidae)
      and Micromonospora chalcea (Foulerton 1905) Orskov 1923 (Streptomycetacea,
      Actinomycetales) in the skin of pigeon.

PMID- 1211071
TI  - [New Myobiidae of Madagascar].

PMID- 1211072
TI  - Parasitic mites of Surinam. XXXIV. Mites of the genus Fudusbabekia (Myobiidae:
      Trombidiformes) of phyllostomid and desmodontid bats, with a key to known
      species.

PMID- 1211073
TI  - Epidural anaesthesia as an alternative to caesarean section in the treatment of
      prolonged, exhaustive labour.
AB  - Epidural anaesthesia was given to nine parturients who were considered candidates
      for delivery by caesarena section due to prolonged exhaustive labour. Upon pain
      relief and oxytocin infucion guided by cardiotocography, vaginal delivery took
      place. Delivery was spontaneous in seven cases, two were instrumentally
      delivered. It is concluded that an efficient epidural block tends to restore
      uterine contractility by reducing the inhibitory influences exerted by adrenergic
      mechanisms and unfavourable changes in the acid-base balance.

PMID- 1211074
TI  - A clinical trial of enflurane in children.
AB  - Enflurane was administered as the primary anaesthetic agent to 200 children
      between the ages of 7 months and 14 years who were undergoing elective surgery.
      Induction and recovery were rapid and generally uneventful. Changes observed in
      the cardiovascular system included an initial fall in blood pressure, which
      tended subsequently to correct itself, and supraventricular arrhythmias mainly of
      nodal rhythm type. End expiratory CO2-concentration as measured by a capnograph
      tended to be elevated during spontaneous ventilation . Changes in liver function
      as measured by enzymatic activity were seen in some cases but were without
      statistical significance. Satisfactory muscle relaxation was generally obtained
      without the use of muscle relaxants. However, in two cases, poor relaxation
      occurred even at a concentration of 4.5% enflurane, and in these cases, EEG
      changes of polyspike suppression type were observed. This phenomenon is discussed
      in a subsequent article. As a result of their findings, the authors conclude that
      in paediatric anaesthesia enflurane is best suited for use in anaesthetics of
      relatively short duration with spontaneous respiration.

PMID- 1211075
TI  - Electroencephalographic activity in children under enflurane anesthesia.
AB  - EEG, end-tidal CO2, neck muscle EMG, eye movements, and ECG were recorded in 17
      children undergoing enflurane anesthesia combined with N2O and O2. All subjects
      were classified in the lowest risk group and had normal pre-anesthetic EEG
      recordings. Eleven subjects were breathing spontaneously and six were under
      controlled ventilation. Thirteen subjects were hyperventilated for short periods.
      As previously reported for adults, various signs of increased central nervous
      excitability appeared. At the enflurane concentration of 4% all three cases with
      PaCO2 below 32 mmHg showed generalized high voltage epileptic activity of grand
      mal type followed by several minutes of postictal slowing. One of these subjects
      also showed motor manifestations of the electrographic seizure activity. At 3%
      enflurane, three out of eight subjects showed electrographic seizure activity of
      poly-spike-suppression type. One of these children also had motor manifestations
      during this type of seizure activity at a PaCO2 of 31 mmHg. The results indicate
      that electrographic seizure activity is common among children with moderate
      hypocapnia at enflurane concentrations of 3% or more.

PMID- 1211076
TI  - Tissue PO2 measured in man by an implanted latex rubber tube.
AB  - A latex rubber tube easily permeable to O2 was implanted in a triceps muscle of
      six volunteers. Seven days later, PO2 in muscle tissue (PtO2) was measured
      repeatedly by filling the tube with saline. After a 2-minute equilibration, the
      saline was sampled in a glass capillary and its PO2 measured by polarographic
      technique. PaO2 and venous oxygen tension (PvO2) were measured simultaneously.
      Measurements were performed under four conditions: (1) air breathing, (2)
      breathing 100% O2, (3) breathing 14% O2, and (4) 50 Warm exercise. During (1)
      breathing air PaO2 was on an average 90 mmHg, PvO2 36 MMHg and PtO2 40 mmHg.
      During (2) PaO2 reached 570 mmHg in 2 min, PvO2 rose slightly and PtO2 increased
      to 80-90 mmHg in 30-40 min. During (3) PaO2 fell rapidly to 45 mmHg and PtO2
      decreased from 40 to 30 mmHg in 8 min. During (4) PaO2 did not change, PvO2
      decreased slightly and PtO2 fell to approximately 30 mmHg within 2-4 min. The
      interindividual scatter was of equal magnitude in tissue and blood. A PtO2 higher
      than PvO2 during oxygen breathing and less than PvO2 during hypoxia and physical
      exercise is explained by the existence of oxygen gradients in the extravascular
      space. The present technique proved to be simple despite a 1-week delay before
      measurements. There were no complications, and no discomfort was complained of.
      Thus, the latex rubber tube seems suitable for clinical use.

PMID- 1211077
TI  - An inhibitory effect of polyphloretin phosphate (PPP) on local anaesthesia.
AB  - In the present investigation it is shown that administration of polyphloretin
      phosphate (PPP) together with local anaesthetics decreased the duration of
      infiltration anaesthesia in guinea-pigs. Furthermore, it is shown that in
      infiltration anaesthesias the local anaesthetic effect was terminated within a
      few minutes by administration of PPP. In experiments with high- and low-molecular
      fractions of PPP, the "anti-local anaesthetic" effect of PPP was not due to the
      antiprostaglandin activity of PPP. There was no effect of PPP on the duration of
      the nerve-blocking activity of mepivacaine in rats. Neither did the
      administration of PPP influence the toxic effects of mepivacaine in rabbits.

PMID- 1211078
TI  - [Vulnerability of early postnatal differention processes of the retina and the
      teratogenic effect of cyclophosphamide (Endoxan)].
AB  - During the postnatal period, cyclophosphamide produces in the retina of rats and
      mice rosettes containing malformed photoreceptor cells arranged in half-circle
      formations. The rosettes form only after injections given during the first 4 days
      post partum and only in the receptor layer which contains desmosomes. After this
      period, the retina becomes resistant to rosette formation. Cytological changes
      occur in the form of intense nuclear invaginations and membrane whorls, which may
      be regarded as compensatory processes.

PMID- 1211079
TI  - The superficial cells of the transitional epithelium in the expanded and
      unexpanded rat urinary bladder. Transmission and scanning electron-microscopic
      study.
AB  - The superficial epithelial layer in the urinary bladder of adult rats was
      examined, in various states, using the transmission and scanning electron
      microscopes. A good agreement was obtained between the results of the two
      methods. When the urinary bladder is unexpanded, the superficial cells show
      marked bulges into the bladder lumen and the contacts between cells (mainly
      desmosomes) are displaced deep into the epithelium. The luminal surface is
      bizarrely bent and large parts of the membrane intrude into the cytoplasm, where
      they give the appearance of discoid and fusiform vesicles. Between neighboring
      cells, deep interdigitations are observed. In the scanning electron microscope,
      the surface of the epithelium appears cauliflower-like and has deep grooves,
      gullys and folds. When the bladder is expanded, the surface becomes smoother and
      the contacts between cells move to the surface. The stretched cells are angular
      in form (5-, 6- or 7-sided) and show great variations in surface area (150-500
      mum2). The luminal cell membrane consists of an alternation of asymmetrical areas
      (120 A thick and 0.2-0.4 mum in length) with normal sections which are 80 A
      thick. In the scanning electron microscope, these thick areas appear as 4-, 5- or
      6-sided plaques with a maximal diameter of 0.4 mum. The borders of the plaques
      are formed of portions of cell membrane which have a normal thickness and extrude
      as microcristae into the lumen. This produces a honeycomb appearance on the cell
      surface.

PMID- 1211080
TI  - The connective tissue skeleton in the mammalian kidney and its innervation.
AB  - A special reticular basket-like system of connective tissue strips (called
      connective tissue skeleton - CTS) was found between the cortex and medulla in the
      kidney of various mammals. It enlarges the wall of the renal calyx (or pelvis)
      into the parenchyma. The main component of this system is collagen. A small
      amount of smooth muscle cells was found in one part of CTS srips situated around
      the papilla (the levator fornicis muscle). A dense monoaminergic and scanty
      cholinergic innervation was found in the whole system of the CTS. The functional
      importance of this system is discussed: (i) a tightly linked connection between
      the urine-discharging system and the kidney, (ii) 'milking' and similar effects
      in the papilla as well as perception of intrapelvic and intrarenal pressure,
      (iii) penetration of infection into the kidney and (iv) liberation of the
      monoaminergic transmitter.

PMID- 1211081
TI  - A study on the different types of spermatogonia in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).
AB  - As a first step to understanding spermatogenesis in the buffalo bull the
      cytological details of different types of spermatogonia were determined in adult
      buffalo bulls. Morphological changes in the nuclear details were used as a basis
      for classifying the different types of spermatogonia. The type A spermatogonia
      had a spherical to ovoid nucleus with finely granulated chromatin, homogeneously
      dispersed in the nucleoplasm and having one to two nucleoli adhering to the
      nuclear membrane. The type A0 spermatogonia were characterized by nuclei
      containing moderately stained, finely granulated chromatin and a nucleolus
      attached to the nuclear envelope. The A1 type spermatogonia, on the other hand,
      have pale stained, finely granulated chromatin with the nucleolus adhering to the
      nuclear membrane. The nuclei of A2 type spermatogonia resembled those of type A1,
      but contained coarse granular chromatin dispersed in the pale nucleoplasm. The
      intermediate type of spermatogonia acquired a central position of the nucleolus,
      but the chromatin remained coarsely granulated and non-clumped. Three classes of
      type B (B1-B3) spermatogonia were determined on the degree of clumping of the
      chromatin and the central position of the nucleolus. The type B1 cells were
      characterized by nuclei containing a few flakes of lightly stained chromatin and
      a centrally located nucleolus. The type B2 cells showed comparatively more
      clumping of chromatin than type B1 spermatogonia, which was dispersed at random
      in the pale nucleoplasm and along the nuclear envelope. The type B3 spermatogonia
      demonstrated chromophilic chromatin dispersed in the slightly grey nucleoplasm
      and adhering along the nuclear membrane. Since there seems to be a succession of
      events following differentiation of type A1 spermatogonia till the last type B
      cell differentiates into resting primary spermatocytes, may intermediate stages
      between the presently described classes of type A (A0-A2) and type B (B1-B3)
      could also be located in sections of the seminiferous tubules.

PMID- 1211082
TI  - Morphological aspect of the skin terminal corpuscles, previous corrosion with
      pancreatin.
AB  - The capsulated corpuscles of the skin have been studied by pancreatin corrosion
      methods. With this corrosion, Meissner's corpuscles disappear while those, whose
      fundamental structure is collagenous, remain intact. We have observed structural
      differences in these collagenous corpuscles, some being formed as a fine
      reticulum or with longitudinal or concentric sheaths. Within the corpuscle, there
      is a totally vascular compartment, the 'vascular hill', which is easily
      differentiated from the other laminar or reticular segment which is the 'nerve
      hill'. We conclude that the connective tissue arrangement and the vascular
      content of the corpuscles contribute to the regulation of the different degrees
      of sensations perceived by these corpuscles. The tendency that these corpuscles
      show to unite may be caused because the places, where they are grouped, are the
      points of greatest sensory perception.

PMID- 1211083
TI  - Annulate lamellae in adenomas of human pituitary glands.
AB  - Twelve nontumorous adenohypophyses and 36 various pituitary adenomas, removed by
      surgery, have been investigated by electron microscopy in order to shed some
      light on annulate lamellae, primarily on their ultrastructural features,
      incidence, origin, fate and functional significance. No annulate lamellae were
      found in the nontumorous adenohypophyses and in 33 pituitary adenomas. They were,
      however, detected in two adenomas consisting of undifferentiated cells and one
      adenoma composed of sparsely granulated prolactin cells indicating that these
      unique membrane configurations cannot be regarded as an exceedingly rare finding
      and, furthermore, that they may be disclosed not only in undifferentiated but
      occasionally in highly differentiated cells. Annulate lamellae may arise from
      endoplasmic reticulum and/or nuclear envelope and consist of arrays of smooth
      walled double membrane sheets exhibiting regularly spaced interruptions as well
      as continuities with the endoplasmic reticulum. No relationship was established
      between annulate lamellae and adenohypophysial secretory activity. Our findings
      seem to be consistent with the view that annulate lamellae are present in those
      cells which have the tendency to proliferate.

PMID- 1211084
TI  - Embryonic development of the coronal suture in man and rat.
AB  - Histological examination of skulls of 3- to 7-month-old human fetuses reveals in
      the fourth month of fetal life the development of a morphologically distinctive
      tissue in the area between the frontal and parietal bones. In this particular
      area, the pericranium tends to bulge outward while the dura mater shows the same
      in an inward direction. Consequently, a spindle-shaped blastema is enclosed. This
      spindle-like structure is only temporarily present; by about the sixth month of
      fetal life it has disappeared. Secondly, it was observed that prior to the
      development of this blastema mainly undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and only
      few fibroblasts are present in the area between the approaching ossification
      centres. In the full-grown blastema both types of cells are present in about
      equal numbers. However, once the blastema has been formed, fibroblasts
      predominate over mesenchymal cells. This tissue structure is also clearly
      distinguishable in the developing fetal rat skull. In this species, however, the
      spindle-shaped blastema appears at a later phase of fetal development, i.e. at
      about the 20th day. In both species, man and rat, the temporary presence of this
      blastema is not confined to the presumptive coronal suture only, but is
      demonstrable as well in other cranial sutures.

PMID- 1211085
TI  - [Occurrence of a special type of "polypoid cushion" and valve-like  formations in
      arteries].
AB  - Intraarterial structures, known as 'polypoid cushions' and 'valve-like'
      projections at arterial branching sites, were observed in serial sections of
      human cleft lip and nasal mucous membrane biopsies. A particular type of
      'polypoid cushions', which additionally contains a small artery in its center, is
      distinguished. It is suggested that both the particular type of 'polypoid
      cushions' and these 'valve-like' projections originate from the invagination of
      the entire vessel wall at arterial branching sites according to the location of
      the dissection or damage. The differences between these 'valve-like' formations
      and genuine arterial valves are mentioned.

PMID- 1211086
TI  - Sustained fertility in a non-scrotal mammal, the Indian hedgehog (Hemiechinus
      auritus Collaris), after CdCl2 administration.
AB  - The effects of a single subcutaneous injection of CdCl2 (0.04 mmol/kg body
      weight) were studied on the testes and caput epididymidis of a non-scrotal
      mammal, Hemiechinus auritus, and scrotal laboratory mouse. The histological
      structure of the testes and caput epididymidis of the hedgehog remains normal
      after 21 days of CdCl2 injection. Testes and sex accessory glands did not show
      any significant change in weight. The testes and sex accessory organs of mice
      under comparable condition showed weight loss and involution in tubule diameter.
      A temperature differential of 1 degree C was found to exist between the rectum
      and the cremaster sac of the hedgehog. This small temperature difference and the
      absence of a counter-current mechanism may be involved in conferring the CdCl2
      resistance to the testes and epididymis of the hedgehog.

PMID- 1211087
TI  - Observations on the effects of 17-alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yno-(2,3-d) isoxazol-17
      ol(Danazol) on the female reproductive tract and pituitary gonadotrophs of gerbil
      (Meriones hurrianae).
AB  - Danazol caused leukolysis in adult female gerbils. It brings about suppression of
      ovarian weight, presumably by inhibiting gonadotrophin secretion from the
      pituitary gland. Uterotrophic action of Danazol is confirmed in ovariectomized
      animals. Danazol counteracted the uterotrophic effect of an exogenous oestrogen.
      Vaginal smears of Danazol-treated animals retained a dioestrous leukocytic
      pattern indicating the absence of follicular activity. Decreased RNA synthesis in
      the uterus indicates the possibility that Danazol is anti-oestrogenic. Castration
      like changes were noticed in the anterior lobe of the hypophysis after Danazol
      administration.

PMID- 1211088
TI  - Seasonal studies on the adrenal homologue of female Puntius sophore (Ham.).
AB  - In female P. sophore the adrenal homologue is located inside its head kidneys and
      comprises interrenal cells and chromaffin cells. The clumps of interrenal cells
      surround the postcardinal vein and its major branches; they also lie in the
      haemopoietic tissue. The chromaffin cells mostly lie in the endothelium of the
      post-cardinal vein, while a few of them also lie interspersed among the
      interrenal cells. The seasonal study of the adrenal homologue shows that the
      interrenal cells undergo changes in bulk and composition in different months,
      while the chromaffin cells do not show any significant variation.

PMID- 1211089
TI  - Effect of carbon tetrachloride on the hepatic alkaline and acid phosphatases in a
      teleost fish, Heteropneustes fossils.
AB  - The effect of carbon tetrachloride on the liver of Heteropneustes fossilis was
      investigated in relation to the activity of phosphatases. 3 h after
      intraperitoneal injection, the liver showed binucleate cells, balloon cells and
      necrosis. The cell membrane of the hepatocytes around the biliary canaliculi is
      ruptured at a few places and the cellular exudates are accumulated in the
      canaliculi. The nucleus is enlarged and becomes pycnotic. Intense alkaline and
      acid phosphatase activity is observed along the cell membrane, around the nucleus
      and nucleolus. 5 h after injection, the liver cell membrane is ruptured and
      cirrhosis results. The cell volume is decreased and the contents of the cell are
      accumulated at a few places. The nucleus is fragmented. Strong phosphatase
      activity is seen throughout the cells, especially around the nucleus and cell
      membrane.

PMID- 1211090
TI  - Functional morphology of the interrenal and chromaffin cells in the teleosts,
      Rasbora daniconius (Hamilton), Barbus stigma (Cuv. et Val.) and Channa gachua
      (Hamilton).
AB  - The interrenal cells in Rasbora daniconius, Barbus stigma and Channa gachua are
      mainly found around the postcardinal vein and its major branches in the
      haemopoietic head-kidney. The chromaffin cells which are identified by the
      positive chromaffin reaction are found in the walls of the postcardinal vein or
      dispersed among the interrenal cells. delta5-3beta-HSDH and G-6-PDH activity was
      observed in the interrenal cells of all three teleosts. The present work
      indicates that the interrenal cells are capable of steroid biosynthesis and the
      chromaffin cells contain biologically active catecholamines.

PMID- 1211091
TI  - Hypothalamohypophysial vascular and neurosecretory link in the teleost Bagarius
      bagarius (Ham.).
AB  - A three-dimensional picture of the hypothalamohypophysial neurosecretory system
      of B. bargarius could be obtained by adopting in situ staining techniques. The
      paired NPO give rise to left and right neurosecretory tracts which, although they
      approximate as a common tract, maintain their individuality till entering the
      pars intermedia. The ventral hypothalamic and the hypophysial arteries take their
      origin from the internal carotid artery. The former contributes to the formation
      of the primary plexus of the median eminence and the latter enters the pituitary
      directly, giving rise to the neuroadreno-interface vasculature. The vasculature
      of the median eminence lies in close contact with the long common neurosecretory
      tract. Morphological evidence suggests that in B. bagarius there are three
      pathways of hypothalamic control of the hypophysis: (1) A direct neuroglandular
      pathway, where the neurosecretory axons come directly in contact with the
      adrenohypophysial cells. (2) An indirect neurovasculoglandular pathway, where the
      blood exposed to the NSM at the median eminence comes in contact with gland
      cells. (3) Another indirect neurovasculoglandular pathway, where the blood is
      exposed to NSM at the neurohypophysis prior coming in contact with the gland
      cells. Thus, B. bagarius has the 'median eminence equivalent' neuroadeno
      interface vasculature typical of the teleosts and the median eminence comparable
      to the Elasmobranchs, Holocephali and primitive Actinopterygians. This shows that
      the pituitary portal system of teleosts is in general agreement with that of
      other fish groups, except that in some it is restricted to the neuroadreno
      interface, whereas in others like B. bagarius it extends to the hypothalamus
      also. These may be termed anterior and posterior median eminence.

PMID- 1211092
TI  - Anatomical and neurohistological observations on the heart of the spiny lizard,
      Uromastix hardwickii.
AB  - Anatomy, histology and innervation of the heart of spiny lizard, U. hardwickii
      have been described. The heart is typically reptilian and comprises four
      chambers: sinus venosus, two atria and a ventricle. The sinus venosus is a small,
      thin-walled chamber present on the dorsal side of right atrium. The sinuatrial
      opening is protected by a pair of valves. The auriculoventricular opening is also
      protected by a pair of muscular valves. The presence of a cardiac conducting
      system is reaffirmed. The conducting system comprises sinuatrial and
      atrioventricular nodes. The sinuatrial node is present at the sinuatrial junction
      very close to the interauricular septum. The atrioventricular node is quite
      conspicuous and located at the caudal end of the interauricular septum. The
      atrioventricular bundle is absent. There is present an atrioventricular cushion
      which serves the purpose of atrioventricular bundle. The heart is richly
      innervated, as is evident by the presence of a large number of nerve fibres and
      ganglion cells at the different levels of the heart. Both the nodes and the
      atrioventricular cushion are supplied by the fine nerve fibres, but ganglion
      cells could not be found in any one of these components. The myogenic theory of
      conduction systems is supported.

PMID- 1211093
TI  - Changes induced by formalin in the hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the
      spotted owlet, Athene brama temminck.
AB  - Histological changes induced in the HNS of the spotted owlet, Athene brama
      Temminck, by injection of 1 ml 5 or 10% formalin are described. No difference
      could be detected in the response of the HNS to 5 or 10% formalin administration.
      In the HNS of birds killed within 5 min of formalin administration, there was
      only partial depletion of NSM from the neurons, the tract and the NL; the
      quantity of NSM in the AME remained more or less unchanged. In animals killed 10
      90 min after formalin injection, the depletion of NSM from the neurons, the tract
      and the NL was more complete. The neurons of the preoptic division of the SON
      exhibited the maximum response; these neurons were also moderately hypertrophied.
      The NL also was hypertrophied in some animals; the NSM in the AME registered only
      a partial loss. The interval between formalin administration and killing did not
      influence the degree of changes in the HNS. The depletion of NSM was no greater
      at 90 min following formalin injection than at 10 min. Since it is well
      established that formalin stress causes augmented secretion of ADH and that there
      is a close functional relationship existing between ADH and NSM, the depletion of
      NSM noticed in the HNS of the spotted owlet following formalin administration is
      interpreted as indicating augmented secretion of ADH. Hence it seems that the
      response of the HNS of birds to formalin stress are comparable to those of the
      HNS of mammals. The results thus provide histological evidence in favour of the
      concept that stressful stimuli cause increased secretion of ADH.

PMID- 1211094
TI  - Histoenzymological demonstration of alkaline and acid phosphatases in the
      intestinal mucosa of several birds, viz Ploceus philippinus, Megalaima
      haemacephala and Halcyon smyrnensis.
AB  - Alkaline and acid phosphatases were histochemically localized in the ileum of
      three birds with diverse feeding habits. The birds chosen for study included the
      granivorous Ploceus philippinus, the frugivorous Megalaima haemacephala, and the
      mainly piscivorous Halcyon smyrnensis. It was found the the activity of these
      phosphatases tend to be greater in H. smyrnensis and M. haemacephala and
      comparatively less in P. philippinus, as demoted by variable enzymatic
      deposition. Simultaneously, their functional significance has been discussed,
      correlating enzymatic activities with the specific feeding habits of the birds.

PMID- 1211095
TI  - Structural changes in the granulosa lutein cells of pregnant cows between 60 and
      245 days.
AB  - The structural changes in the granulosa lutein cells in the pregnant cows between
      60 and 245 days, were observed. The polyhedral or pump cells has an acidophilic
      cytoplasm around the spherical nucleus. The glycogen granules increased in number
      up to 230 days of pregnancy. The lipid globules increased in size and amount
      during advanced pregnancy. The mitochondria showed a wide range of variations in
      shape and size. The matrix of many mitochondria contained dense inclusions which
      replaced the entire matrix in late pregnancy. The endoplasmic reticulum was
      chiefly of smooth type but a few stacks of the rough variety could be seen in the
      early days of pregnancy. Sometimes, whorls of smooth-surfaced endoplasmic
      reticulum enclosing mitochondria were seen. The Golgi complex was fully developed
      in the granulosa cells of all cases studied. The dense granules and lipid
      globules increased in size and number in the older corpora lutea. The cell
      surface showed numerous infolding of the plasma membrane.

PMID- 1211096
TI  - Postnatal study on the histology and histochemistry of ductuli efferentes testis
      in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from birth to one and a half years.
AB  - The efferent ductules were situated between the cranial border of the testis and
      the head of epididymis. The ductules were highly convoluted and formed a conical
      mass embedded in the dense irregular connective tissue near region I of the head
      of epididymis. Simple columnar with a few cuboidal cells characterised the
      epithelium at 3-32 weeks, whereas in later stages of development it was mainly
      cuboidal with a few columnar cells. The basal cells were also observed lining the
      basement membrane in some of the tubules. The cells were devoid of cilia, smooth
      muscles surrounding the tubules were absent. PAS-reactive carbohydrates,
      glycogen, acid mucopolysaccharides, alkaline phosphatase were demonstrated on the
      efferent ductules at different stages of postnatal study.

PMID- 1211097
TI  - A note on the Mulder-Landsmeer phenomenon.
AB  - Mulder-Landsmeer phenomenon (inability to activiely straighten the
      interphalangeal joints fully when the metacarpophalangeal joint of a finger is
      passively held in maximal hyperextension) was confirmed in the normally
      hypermobile South Indian fingers. A powerful but limited de-extension of the
      proximal phalanx was noticied, in normagers, during completion of interphalangeal
      extension when the metacarpophalangeal joint was passively held in maximal
      hyperextension...

PMID- 1211098
TI  - Vascular anastomoses in twin placentae and their recognition.
AB  - 166 placentae from multiple pregnancies (including three triplets and 17
      monochorral) have been studied by injection corrosion technique, using cellulose
      acetate buterite in acetone, under continuous pressure within physiological
      limits. It has been shown that vascular anastomoses in twin placentae are usually
      multiple. The direct type is frequently found in monochorial twin placentae and
      is mostly arterial or venous in nature. The indirect type is observed more
      commonly in dichorial twin placentae and is mostly arteriovenous in nature. Both
      types are almost universally found in monochorial monoamniotic placentae. The
      presence of direct anastomotic channels has a highly significant association with
      the incidence of marginal vessels and an exaggeration of parameters of stress to
      an abnormal quantum--both singly and in combinations of three or more-, and is
      independent of the pattern of branching. In the ontogenetic time-sequence
      perspective, direct anastomoses, marginal vessels and parameters of stress in a
      twin placenta can be regarded as different phases of the sequelae of an altered
      vascular relationship caused by disturbances in the vicinity of the 12th week of
      gestation. It has been further shown that direct vascular anastomoses are a
      greater risk to the twins than indirect ones. The importance of early and timely
      recognition of such channels, by an examination of twin placentae for the
      presence of marginal vessels, is stressed.

PMID- 1211099
TI  - Increased synthesis of nuclear RNA in regenerating rat liver after gamma
      irradiation.
AB  - Nine hours after partial hepatectomy rats were whole-body, 60Co-gamma-irradiated
      with exposures of 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 R, respectively. RNA was
      prepared from isolated nuclei of rat liver 12 hours after partial hepatectomy.
      Animals were injected with 14C-orotic acid 20 minutes before killing. The
      isolated labelled nuclear RNA was fractionated by sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation. The specific radioactivity of RNA was correlated with that of the
      specific radioactivity of nucleotide pool of the liver homogenates. RNA synthesis
      was found to increase after each dose applied as compared to the rate of RNA
      synthesis in 12 hours regenerating liver. The increment depended on the dose
      delivered: 10% at 50 R, 50% at 500 R and 30% at 2000 R. Nuclear RNA synthesis
      also increased in the liver of non-hepatectomized rats 3 hours after 500 R gamma
      irradiation, but the increment was only 20-30% above the non-hepatectomized and
      unirradiated control.

PMID- 1211100
TI  - Properties of skeletal muscle phosphorylase-protein complexes.
AB  - Frontal gel filtration studies on muscle extract and mixture of purified enzymes
      have verified the existence of a protein-complex between phosphorylase (alpha-1,4
      glucan: orthophosphate glycosyltransferase EC 2.4.1.1.) and phosphorylase kinase.
      The complex has an apparent molecular weight of 750 000 daltons. The complex
      formation depends on the protein concentration and the presence of Ca2+. Removal
      of Ca2+ with EGTA results in the dissociation of the complex. A regulatory role
      may be attributed to Ca2+ since the concentration of free Ca2+ changes in
      skeletal muscle through the effect of hormonal or electrical stimulation. Strong
      association was also detected between phosphorylase kinase and phosphorylase
      phosphatase. The transient inhibition of phosphorylase phosphatase can be
      explained by this interaction.

PMID- 1211101
TI  - Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin E2 on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into
      the DNA of thymus cells.
AB  - When rat thymic cells suspended in a simple salt-glucose-albumin medium were
      incubated with 10 mug/ml Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) an inhibition of incorporation
      of 3H-thymidine into DNA was observed. PGE1 had a similar effect, while PGB2 and
      arachidonic acid proved to be ineffective. This inhibitory effect of PGE2 could
      be detected after a lag period of about 30 min but in the second hour of
      incubation the rate of incorporation of 3H-thymidine decreased to about 60 per
      cent of the control value. The extent of inhibition was found to be proportional
      to the log10 of the PGE2 concentration. Autoradiography showed that PGE2 had no
      influence on the number of DNA synthesizing cells. As an effect of PGE2 an early
      transient increase in the labeling of thymidine triphosphate was observed while
      the levels of labeled thymidine in the cells were not found to be significantly
      different in the presence of PGE2.

PMID- 1211102
TI  - Some structural features of rabbit muscle aldolase as derived from its limited
      proteolysis.
AB  - The peptides released during the limited tryptic proteolysis of rabbit muscle
      aldolase (Biszku et al., 1973) were located in the primary structure. The pattern
      of peptide liberation, peptide bond splitting and activity decrease in compatible
      with two structural models for the truncated tetrameric product, named aldolase
      T. According to the more probable model aldolase-T has the structure A+A+B++B++.
      Subunits B++ are deprived of the segments comprising residues 1-27, 42-71 and 306
      364 of the intact enzyme and are inactive. The fragment comprising residues 28-41
      is non-covalently attached to these subunits. Subunits A+ are depleted only of
      peptides 1-27 and 324-332 and retain 70% activity. In these subunits the fragment
      comprising residue 333-364 remains non-covalently bound. The molecular weights of
      the truncated subunits, determined with polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the
      presence of sodium dodecylsulfate support the above conclusions. Aldolase-T can
      be reversibly denatured at pH 2 or in 4 M urea. The recovery of enzymatic
      activity after decreasing urea or acid concentration indicates the non-covalent
      rebinding of fragment 333-364. This fragment is named the "T-peptide" of trypsin
      treated aldolase. It is suggested that segments 1-27 and 324-364 are not
      necessary for the renaturation process. Since aldolase-T is a tetramer it seems
      that large parts of the N- and C-terminal regions of the enzyme are not involved
      in the intersubunit interactions. The C-terminal region of aldolase, starting
      around residue 324, appears to be necessary to the structure of the active site.
      In contrast to this, the N-terminal region up to residue 27 and probably to
      residue 60, is not part of the active center.

PMID- 1211103
TI  - Effect of detergents and sucrose derivatives on the modified protein
      determination of Lowry.
AB  - The effect on the protein determination method of Lowry, as modified by Hartreee,
      of widely used detergents (sodium deoxycholate, sodium laurylsulphate, Triton X
      100 and Triton WR-1339) and of sugar derivatives often used for preparing
      concentration gradients (sucrose, dextran, Ficoll and Metrizamide) was examined.
      Each of the compounds studied gave rise to a coloured product in the test;
      however, the correlation between concentration and optical density was usually
      nonlinear. The majority of these substances - especially Ficoll, Metrizamide and
      dextran - interfere with the procedure even at low concentrations, thus their
      elimination from the sample before protein determination is inevitable.

PMID- 1211104
TI  - Electron microscopic observations on the poly(A)-RNP component of the pre-mRNA
      containing nuclear complexes.
AB  - The nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles containing polyadenylic acid were
      prepared from rat liver nuclear extract by treatment with RNase I. The
      sedimentation coefficient of the particles was approximately 14 S. These
      particles represent a component of the pre-mRNA containing ribonucleoprotein
      complexes of the nucleus. The submicroscopic morphology of the particles was
      examined in preparations pretreated by platinum-palladium shadowing and by
      various negative staining methods as well as in ultrathin sections. The 14 S
      particles are globular structures, 120-140 A in diameter. The particles are
      characterized by a strong tendency to aggregation. The results are discussed with
      respect to mRNA transport.

PMID- 1211105
TI  - The effect of cold and fasting on the carnitine concentration in the brown
      adipose tissue of rats.
AB  - The ratio of aceytlcarnitine to carnitine was unchanged in the interscapular
      brown fatty tissue of rats which were kept at 5 degrees C. The quantity of total
      acid soluble carnitine relative to the fat-free dry weight was also unchanged. On
      the other hand a small decrease of the environmental temperature from 23 degrees
      C to 18 degree C and 20 degrees C resulted in a significant increase in the
      acetylcarnitine to carnitine ratio.

PMID- 1211106
TI  - Sigmoidal substrate saturation curves in Michaelis-Menten mechanism as an
      artefact.
AB  - The conditions under which sigmoidal substrate saturation curves are to be
      expected in the simple Michaelis-Menten mechanism and the Michaelis-Menten
      mechanism combined with the concomitant partial inactivation of the enzyme have
      been determinee solved numerically for different sets of rate constants by
      computer simulation on the basis of the second order Runge-Kutta method. In order
      to simulate the real experimental conditions, the substrate saturation curves
      have also been derived from velocity values in the quasi-steady state, by using
      the non-linear least squares fitting method. In the framework of the Michaelis
      Menten mechanism there is a sigmoidal relationship between initial velocity and
      substrate concentration only in the case of a Van Slyke mechanism, i.e. if k2
      greater than k-1 and therefore K=k2/k1 is a "kinetic constant" if the velocity is
      determined in the quasi-steady state. If the enzyme is inactivated during the
      course of velocity measurement in the quasi-steady state, a sigmoidal or a
      degenerated hyperbolic saturation curve is obtained. A sigmoidal saturation curve
      can be obtained in the case of the Van Slyke mechanism, independent of the rate
      constant of the inactivation of the enzyme, or in the case of Michaelis-Menten or
      Briggs-Haldane mechanism, if k3 is sufficiently high. The inflexion point of such
      substrate saturation curves is determined by the rate constants, i.e. S0 less
      than or approximately k3/k1 and k-1/k1 and/or k2/k1. The higher the value of k3
      the more pronounced is the sigmoidicity. The Michaelis constant can precisely be
      determined only if the velocities are measured in the very steady state at all
      substrate concentrations used. If the measurements are made in the quasi-steady
      state, the KM is always underestimated.

PMID- 1211107
TI  - Osmosis without solute.
AB  - Van't Hoff's misconception of the kinetics of solutes in a solution was long ago
      displaced by the thesis about osmotic water migration caused by the difference in
      chemical potential on the two sides of the semipermeable membrane. Consequently
      the osmotic process was now investigated when normal water and heavy water were
      separated by the "semipermeable" membrane. Due to the difference between the
      chemical potentials a substantial osomotic pressure was measured on the side of
      the heavy water simultaneously with a significant migration of water on both
      sides.

PMID- 1211108
TI  - Dielectric dispersion measurements of dimeric and monomeric forms of
      phosphorylase b.
AB  - Rabbit skeletal muscle phosphorylase b was investigated by the dielectric
      dispersion method in different media. Comparison of calculated and measured
      relaxation times revealed the effective molecular diameters to be higher than
      published earlier. Using an estimated value of 4 A for the thickness of the
      hydration layer of the protein, a good agreement was obtained between the
      calculated and measured relaxation times. On the basis of these calculations and
      measurements the molecular dimensions of hydrate phosphorylase b were taken for
      118 X 74 X 63 A. Dispersion measurements suggested that the volume of a subunit
      was smaller than the half volume of the dimeric form.

PMID- 1211109
TI  - Acute lead encephalopathy in the guinea pig.
AB  - Acute lead encephalopathy was induced in adult guinea pigs with daily oral doses
      of lead carbonate. Cerebral capillaries were examined by electron microscopy, and
      the blood-brain barrier (B-BB) evaluated with Evans blue and horseradish
      peroxidase. Brain lead levels were also determined during the developing
      encephalopathy. There was no cerebral capillary alteration or demonstrable B-BB
      dysfunction. Brain lead concentrations increased over the 5-day period. The
      encephalopathy in the absence of any vascular alteration suggests that lead can
      produce a primary toxic effect at the neuronal level.

PMID- 1211111
TI  - [Experimental study on the lymphatic and cerebrocervical drainage and changes
      therein caused by ultrasound (author's transl)].
AB  - After indian ink or ferritin are introduced into the cerebral hemispheres or
      subdural space these substances can be found in the deep cervical lymph nodes.
      The transport of these substances can be enhanced and accelerated by the
      treatment of deep cervical lymph nodes by ultrasound. Treatment of the
      paravertebral region with ultrasound after the introduction of ferritin or indian
      ink subdurally is followed by the appearance of these substances in the
      suprarenal gland, the testis, epididymis and the prostate gland where they are
      conveyed by the lymphatic pathways. Thirty minutes after the injection of
      ferritin into an afferent lymphatic channel of a deep cervical lymphatic node
      pretreated with ultrasound, ferritin can be found in the pia and arachnoid
      membranes of the cerebral hemispheres. Ultrasound treatment of the cervical lymph
      nodes not only seems to enhance the drainage of this substance from the brain but
      if the dose of ultrasound is high the direction of the lymphatic flow may be
      reversed.

PMID- 1211112
TI  - [Combinations drug therapy in solid tumors].

PMID- 1211113
TI  - [Non-metastatic hypercalcemia].

PMID- 1211110
TI  - Niemann-Pick disease (Crocker's type C):  A histological study of the
      distribution and qualitative differences fo the storage process.
AB  - A histochemical study is reported of regional differences of the lipid storage in
      a case of Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) type C. Besides tissues known to be affected
      (reticulo-endothelium, hepatocytes, nervous system), storage was demonstrated in
      adrenal cortical spongiocytes, sweat glands, renal glomerular and tubular cells,
      smooth muslce, excretory tubules of some salivary glands, ependyma and in choroid
      plexus. In most tissues were stored sphingomyelin, cholesterol and a small amount
      of a glycosphingolipid. In the endothelium of cerebral and spinal vessels the
      main stored lipid was a glycosphingolipid. The significance of these regional
      differences are discussed and their study is recommended as a useful counterpart
      to the biochemical investigation.

PMID- 1211114
TI  - [Distribution of beta doses in superficial irradiation].

PMID- 1211115
TI  - Rheumatoid factor and malignant disease.

PMID- 1211116
TI  - [Multiple neoplasms in the same patient. I: the ENT region].

PMID- 1211117
TI  - [Hormone-drug therapy combination in the treatment of breast cancer].

PMID- 1211118
TI  - [Intra-arterial drug therapy in topical and regional treatment of cervico-facial
      cancer].

PMID- 1211119
TI  - [Use of puncture-biopsy in the diagnosis of malignant breast neoplasms].

PMID- 1211120
TI  - A more exact measurement of the sagittal stability of the knee joint.

PMID- 1211121
TI  - Genu recurvatum: a late complication of tibial wire traction in fractures of the
      femur in children.
AB  - Seven cases of genu recurvatum following wire traction through the proximal end
      of the tibia in children treated for fractures of the femur are reported. A
      premature closure of the anterior part of the growth plate was most probably
      caused by too close a proximity of the wire to the tibial tuberosity. Where
      tibial wire traction is used in children it is advisable to insert the wire
      distal to the tuberosity.

PMID- 1211122
TI  - Peroneal nerve palsy due to superior dislocation of the head of the fibula and
      shortening of the tibia (Monteggia-like fracture dislocation of the calf).
AB  - A case of peroneal nerve palsy due to superior dislocation of the proximal tibio
      fibular joint is described. Emphasis is placed on the importance of early
      diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1211123
TI  - The arterial supply of the talus. A study on the relationship to experimental
      talar fractures.
AB  - After filling the arteries of the talus with contrast medium, fractures of the
      neck were produced to study the effect on these vessels. It was found that the
      ascending branches from the main arteries, arteria canalis tarsi and arteria
      sinus tarsi, were ruptured in all cases. The vessels in the fracture area were
      all sharply cut off. Without fracture displacement the surrounding arteries were
      remarkably intact, whereas with displacement these became affected by varying
      degrees of disruption. The vessels in the bone adjacent to the fracture remained
      intact.

PMID- 1211124
TI  - Primary liposarcoma of bone.
AB  - A case is presented of a rare primary liposarcoma of bone localized to the major
      trochanter of the left femur of a 52-year-old female. Despite combined treatment
      with curettage and irradiation with a total dose of 4,500 rad the neoplasm showed
      rapid invasive growth with destruction of the bone, spread to the iliac fossa and
      outgrowth through the operation wound. Approximately 5 months after admission the
      patient succumbed due to widespread metastases in the lungs, liver and left
      kidney. The histopathology, clinical course and treatment of this rare neoplasm
      of the bone are discussed.

PMID- 1211125
TI  - Clinical assessment of gait using load measuring footwear.

PMID- 1211126
TI  - A method for recording tendon strain in sheep during locomotion.
AB  - Strain change in the lateral digital extensor tendon of sheep was measured during
      locomotion by means of a small metal strain gauge transducer. The strain pattern
      was correlated with the activity of the muscle and the position of the limb. The
      main period of tendon strain occurred immediately following a phase of muscle
      activity as the foot was placed on the ground. A second period of tendon tension
      occurred as the foot was lifted from the ground. This was again usually
      associated with a muscular contraction. Daily recordings were taken from 14
      animals for about 10 days after implantation of the transducer.

PMID- 1211127
TI  - Etiological factors in osteochondritis dissecans. An experimental study into the
      etiological factors in osteochondritis dissecans in the canine humeral head using
      overloading with and without somatotropin and thyrotropin hormone treatment and
      mechanical trauma.
AB  - The overloaded humeral heads of the six growing Labrador retrievers treated with
      somatotropin and thyrotropin hormone showed the most pronounced changes of the
      articular cartilage and subchondral home, resembling changes in the early stage
      of spontaneous osteochondritis dissecans. The overloading alone used in 16 dogs
      without hormone treatment produced no changes, except that two Labrador
      retrievers showed increased radiodensity subchondrally during the first 4-6 weeks
      of the observation period. The mechanical traumas of the articular cartilage and
      the epiphyseal bone regenerated and did not result in changes resembling those of
      spontaneous osteochondritis dissecans.

PMID- 1211128
TI  - Synovial chondromatosis.
AB  - A report is given of 22 patients suffering from synovial chondromatosis. Sixteen
      patients were operated on. The aetiology and diagnostic criteria are discussed
      with regard to the literature. The X-ray may be characteristic or may
      alternatively be normal. The symptoms and the physical signs are outlined. If an
      indication for treatment is found, removal of all free bodies and excision of the
      accessible part of the synovial membrane is advised.

PMID- 1211130
TI  - Patella cubiti. Report of an operated case.
AB  - A case of incapacitating patella cubiti, probably of congenital origin, in a 45
      year-old farm labourer is described. The fragment was extirpated, the pain
      disappeared and the patient returned to work.

PMID- 1211129
TI  - Synovial chondromatosis of the metacarpophalangeal joint.
AB  - The authors present a case of synovial chondromatosis localized on the left hand
      of a woman and discuss the pathogenesis, history and treatment of the synovial
      chondromatosis. The patient has been free of complaints for the 2 years since the
      operation.

PMID- 1211131
TI  - Lung volumes in scoliosis before and after correction by the Harrington
      instrumentation method.
AB  - Studies of static lung volumes were performed before and after surgery in 92
      scoliotic patients, aged 10 to 25 years. The majority of the patients had
      idiopathic dorsal curves. Vital capacity, total lung capacity, functional
      residual capacity and residual volume were measured at least 18 months after
      surgery. A significant increase was observed in all static volumes, averaging 10
      per cent; the pre- and postoperative values were expressed in per cent of
      predicted normal values according to age and height. Correction of body height
      was taken into consideration in the prediction of normal values. Patients with
      the more advanced scoliosis had the greatest improvement in lung volumes. The
      patients were treated postoperatively with a Milwaukee brace for an average of 15
      months. The use of this brace, which allows for chest expansions, might account
      for the improved lung function compared to previous series where plaster body
      jackets were used. Thus the correction of idiopathic scoliosis by the standard
      posterior fusion with Harrinton instrumentation together with our postoperative
      routine provides a lasting reduction of the spinal deformity, prevents
      progression  of respiratory impairment and, in fact, increases the lung volumes,
      vital capacity, total lung capacity and functional residual capacity by an
      average of 10 per cent.

PMID- 1211132
TI  - Three-dimensional observation of collagen framework of lumbar intervertebral
      discs.
AB  - Lumbar intervertebral discs obtained from rats, dogs and humans were examined by
      scanning electron microscopy. The nucleus pulposus was constructed of a loose
      network of fine fibrils and formed lamellated membranes in the peripheral areas.
      The annulus fibrosus was composed of concentric lamellae of fibrous bundles that
      ran uniformly in each lamella and crossed over to the bundles of adjoining
      lamellae. The lamellae were made of fine fibrils measuring 0.1-0.2 mu in
      diameter, corresponding to matured collagen fibrils. The cartilage plate
      consisted of a close meshwork of collagen fibrils which interconnected with the
      annular fibrils. From these results, it was concluded that the intervertebral
      disc was well developed for shock absorption at the light microscopic and
      ultrastructural levels. In specimens treated with chymotrypsin, the extra
      fibrillar substances were easily digested in the nucleus, as well as in the
      annulus. The intervertebral disc may thus be easily affected by chemical agents.

PMID- 1211133
TI  - Viral antibody titers to rubella in coxa plana or Perthes' disease. Perthes
      diseases: is it the late osseous redidua of a minor prenatal rubella?
AB  - The present study seriously raises the question as to whether coxa plana is
      etiologically connected to the rubella virus. Some findings suggest a probable
      causal correlation between prenatal rubella and coxa plana. A regional vasculitis
      in association with biologically inferior bone probably constitutes the
      fundamental pathogenetic mechanism of this condition. However, this matter is
      still awaiting elucidation.

PMID- 1211134
TI  - Peroperative effect of fenestration upon intraosseous pressure in patients with
      osteoarthritis of the hip.
AB  - In nine patients with osteoarthritis of the hip who suffered from pain at rest,
      intraosseous pressure was measured in both the femoral head and neck before and
      immediately after fenestration in the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter. A
      small but significant drop in intraosseous pressure in both the femoral neck and
      head was registered as a result of the fenestration procedure.

PMID- 1211135
TI  - Chondrocyte mitosis in the articular cartilage of femoral heads with various
      diseases.
AB  - Autoradiographic studies using thymidine-3H reveal the mitosis of chondrocytes in
      degenerated joints, i.e. joints having secondary osteoarthritis or aseptic
      necrosis of the femoral head. The findings obtained provide additional support
      for the recent investigations regarding chondrocyte mitosis in primary
      osteoarthritic cartilage. Histologic and histochemical examinations suggest that
      a loss of glycosaminoglycans in the matrix is evidence for conversion of
      chondrocyte activity to mitosis which occurs, however, within the limit of "the
      point of irreversibility", analogous to the observations from the biochemical
      point of view. Biomechanical and nutritional factors are also discussed in
      relation to the results obtained from cartilages of the femoral heads in cases of
      femoral neck fracture and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head.

PMID- 1211136
TI  - Acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Treatment in 8 cases.
AB  - The results are reported of the treatment of eight cases of acute (traumatic)
      slipped capital femoral epiphysis, reduced by forceful traction on the tubercle
      of the tibia, followed by drilling through with Kirschner wires. No necrosis of
      the epiphysis developed among the eight cases. In the light of these results,
      this therapy is recommended in cases of acute slipping of the capital femoral
      epiphysis. On the other hand, as far as the late complications are concerned,
      such as degenerative arthritis, the late results are probably no better than
      those obtained with other forms of treatment.

PMID- 1211137
TI  - Factors influencing results of high tibial osteotomy in gonarthrosis.
AB  - Based on our results with high tibia osteotomy for gonarthrosis in 96 knees, the
      type of primary deformity was found to significantly influence the patient's
      subjective assessment of the results. Knees with valgus deformity secondary to
      changes in other joints are not suitable for correction by HTO. Knees with varus
      deformity exceeding 10 degrees and with roentgenological signs of reduction of
      the medial tibial condyle are seldom corrected by HTO and the results in these
      knees are poor. There is a clear correlation between patient's satisfaction with
      HTO done for gonarthrosis and the correction of femorotibial deformity.

PMID- 1211138
TI  - Review of the literature on quadriceps fibrosis and study of 11 cases.

PMID- 1211139
TI  - Quadriceps contracture in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 1211140
TI  - [Quadriceps retraction in children].

PMID- 1211141
TI  - Progressive contracture of the quadriceps in children.

PMID- 1211142
TI  - Fibrosis and contracture of the quadriceps muscle in children.

PMID- 1211143
TI  - [Fibrosis of the quadriceps].

PMID- 1211144
TI  - Contracture of the quadriceps muscle caused by injection.

PMID- 1211145
TI  - [Fibrosis of the quadriceps or the gluteal muscles in children. Radiographic
      signs in quadriceps fibrosis].

PMID- 1211146
TI  - [Gluteal fibrosis et fibrosis of the muscles of the thigh].

PMID- 1211147
TI  - [Synovectomies of the knee. Apropos of 47 cases of tuberculous synovitis].

PMID- 1211148
TI  - Five year review of Kuntscher nailing for femoral shaft fractures with emphasis
      on complications.

PMID- 1211149
TI  - [Changes in the ENG after administration of sulpiride].

PMID- 1211150
TI  - [Effects of combined droperidol-fentanyl on nystagmus].

PMID- 1211152
TI  - [Effect of piracetam on nystagmus].

PMID- 1211151
TI  - [Effect of diazepam on nystagmus].

PMID- 1211153
TI  - [The direction of positional nystagmus in vertiginous diseases].

PMID- 1211154
TI  - [Simulation models and automatic analysis].

PMID- 1211155
TI  - [An isolated mucocele of the frontal sinus].

PMID- 1211156
TI  - [Role of anaerobic bacteria in sinusitis].
AB  - The purpose of the present study is to determine the role of the anaerobic
      bacteria in the chronic paranasal sinusitis. We cultured both aerobically and
      anaerobically, 80 specimen of pus we obtained by antral puncture. Fourteen per
      cent of the specimen were sterile (11 cases); we found a pure aerobic growth in
      51% (41 cases), a mixed aerobic-anaerobic growth in 25% (20 cases) and a pure
      anaerobic growth in 10% (8 cases). This means that anaerobic organismes were
      isolated in 35% (28 cases): in 22% (18 cases) the anaerobic bacteria can be
      considered as the only pathogenes. These results show the great importance of the
      anaerobic bacteria in chronic and subacute paranasal sinusitis. The anaerobes
      live as saprofytes on the entire body but they become pathogene in certain
      conditions such as a low oxidation-reduction potential and a reduced oxygen
      tension. These conditions are found in the chronically infected paranasal
      sinuses. Probably the anaerobes do not initiate a sinusitis (except in the
      sinusitis from dental origine) but the primary infection is superinfected by
      anaerobes; once they have found ideal growth conditions, it's very difficult to
      destroy them: despite of several antral washings, a surgical intervention is
      often the only way. The best antibiotics against anaerobic sinusitis are
      clindamycin and tetracycline in general administration, and lincomycin,
      thiamfenicol and tetracycline for local application.

PMID- 1211157
TI  - [Clinical aspects of hypertrophic lesions of the sinusal mucosa].
AB  - Ninety-five cases mucous hypertrophy of the maxillary sinus spreading over
      several years are examined in this study. They are made conspicuous by
      radiotomografies. If an hypertrophy of a sinous mucous is often silent or is
      accompanied with a minor symptomatology (pharynx or ear troubles), in the other
      cases, it is accompanied with strong headaches. A simple exaeresis of the polype
      without instrumental operation in the ostium region leads to their disappearance.
      This rather surprising result allows us to wonder if an ostial dyspermeability is
      sufficient to explain the sinous headache mechanism.

PMID- 1211158
TI  - [Xeroradiography: a new method of radiographic examination in
      otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 1211160
TI  - [Role of the cochleo-vestibular examination in evaluation of the sequelae of head
      injuries].

PMID- 1211161
TI  - [Vibro-tactile perception in the profoundly deaf child and its possible practical
      applications].
AB  - The authors use vibro-tactile masking during hearing aid fitting with profoundly
      deaf children. When VTM is affecting or not the hearing threshold, it gives the
      authors valuable information as to the nature of the remaining hearing. A new
      hearing aid is presented which may be useful for children with only vibro-tactile
      threshold.

PMID- 1211159
TI  - Evaluation of a screening-procedure by hot-water caloric tests.
AB  - In order to introduce a screening-procedure for vestibular caloric testing, we
      tried to evaluate the hot and cold caloric tests separately. We made a review of
      a series of cases having been tested by the classical 4 tests (cold and hot
      bilateral). In supposing that we should have stopped the investigation when the
      hot calorics showed a side-difference of 20% or more for the slow-phase velocity
      at the culminationpoint, we verified how many cases would have been missed,
      presenting by global examination a significant difference either for the
      reflexivity or for the DP. This study showed us that an important number of cases
      would have been missed equally well by the hot calorics as by the cold ones. The
      comparison shows no difference between them. By narrowing the criteria we would
      allow a screening-technique either by the cold or by the hotwater test, but in
      this way more than 3/4 of the cases were indicated for complete examination.

PMID- 1211163
TI  - [Osteoplastic tracheopathy].
AB  - The authors related a case of high osteoplasic tracheopathy in a women, 79 years
      old. The semiology and the different etiopathogenic theories are reviewed. The
      affection is characterized by the presence in the tracheal sub-mucosa or
      sometimes the bronchial sub-mucosa of cartilagenous and often bony spaces, which
      cuases the stenosis of the respiratory lumen. In this related case, the lesions
      are situated at the level of a tracheal segment compressed by an important
      goitre. It seems to be caused by a local metaplasia induced by the compression.

PMID- 1211162
TI  - [Diagnosis of perceptive type hearing deficiency in children by determination of
      stapes reflex thresholds].
AB  - The article reports on the limits regarding the study of the stapes reflex
      thresholds as a diagnostic method with profoundly deaf young children. A number
      of 30 children and adolescents have been tested at high intensities and the
      findings indicate stapedian reflexes at 250 and 500 Hx (all the patients) 1000 Hz
      (the majority of patients) and 1500 Hz (some patients).

PMID- 1211164
TI  - [Value of a hearing aid medical laboratory].

PMID- 1211165
TI  - [External laryngeal electromyographic technic in laryngologic and phoniatric
      clinical practice].
AB  - The author describes the external way of laryngeal electromyography, as the most
      easy one for current clinical use. Theoretical aspects of laryngeal muscles are
      recalled, and the general electromyographic data are applied to the particular
      case of voice muscles. Some common laryngeal and vocal diseases are enumerated,
      for which an electromyographic investigation is able to contribute to the
      diagnosis. Follows a review of clinical advantages of electromyography in
      laryngologic and phoniatric practice. Particularities of electromyographic
      investigation in patients with hyperkinetic dysphony are shown. Five
      demonstrative clinical cases are analysed.

PMID- 1211166
TI  - [Social assistance to the laryngectomized. Concerning a survey of 150 operated
      persons].
AB  - The authors communicate the result of an inquest on 150 laryngectomized patients,
      members of their hospital rehabilitation center. A statistical study was made on
      the correlation between the different factors which may influence the results.
      The inquest shows that information of the patient, his family and occupational
      environment is not effective enough. The influence of the laryngectomized
      patient, working fulltime in the rehabilitation center, is of a great importance
      related to the difficulties during the vocal revalidation process and the social
      reintegration of the laryngectomized patients.

PMID- 1211167
TI  - [External injuries of the larynx and of the cervical trachea. Apropos of 40
      cases].

PMID- 1211168
TI  - [Clinical interpretation of microphonic potentials by electrocochleography].
AB  - The clinical electrocochleography essentially allows the registration of the
      global action potential of the acoustic nerve. The use of acoustic stimulations
      with alternating polarity eliminates the cochlear microphonics. In severe
      deafness, where no action potential can be registered, even not with maximal
      acoustic impulses, it can be interesting to register the microphonic potentials.
      This can be done by using acoustic stimulations with the same polarity. If some
      microphonic potentials can be registered by this technique, one can assume that
      the ciliated cells are -- at least partially -- unaffected and that the cause of
      the deafmess in neurogenic. This test thus allows a primary differentiation
      between sensory and neural deafness. Some clinical cases illustrate this
      phenomenon.

PMID- 1211169
TI  - [A rare case of Gradenigo-Raeder syndrome].
AB  - The symptomatology of Raeder's and Gradenigo's syndrome is reviewed about a case
      of hypernephrom metastase on petrous bone.

PMID- 1211170
TI  - [Medical ORL examinations in schools and by private practitioners].

PMID- 1211171
TI  - [Antimicrobial activity of some thioamide-type disulfides].

PMID- 1211172
TI  - [Analysis of factor influencing the releasing capacity of active ingredients in
      skeleton tablets].

PMID- 1211173
TI  - [Preparation of colloidal 99mTc2-S7 for liver scintigraphy].

PMID- 1211174
TI  - [Human biotransformation of nalidixic acid. I. Chemical methods].

PMID- 1211175
TI  - [Gas chromatographic study of the purity of ethyl ether].

PMID- 1211176
TI  - [Factors influencing the formation of 113mIn-Fe(OH)3 macroagregates].

PMID- 1211177
TI  - [Current theoretical concepts for developing biologically optimal retard
      preparation].

PMID- 1211178
TI  - [Preparation of Delagil syrup using dextran-based ion exchangers].

PMID- 1211180
TI  - [Preparation of a delayed-action tablet of diaphyllin].

PMID- 1211179
TI  - [Analysis of chorpromazine - containing preparations by means of 0,001 mol.
      sodium lauryl sulfate solution].

PMID- 1211181
TI  - [The effect of cellulose derivatives on the physical properties of tablets].

PMID- 1211182
TI  - [The use of mono- and ditetrazolium salts as chemical reagents].

PMID- 1211183
TI  - [The effect of Tween 80 on the osmotic resistance of human erythrocytes].

PMID- 1211184
TI  - [Consistency test of a granulate mass. II. The effect of gelatin concentration in
      a binding material on the consistency].

PMID- 1211185
TI  - Reactivity and participation of the vascular bed of a limb in the compensatory
      vasoconstriction during haemorrhage.
AB  - Haemorrhage was performed by free bleeding from the cannulated right femoral
      artery in a heated glass vessel in which pressure of 50-60 mm Hg was maintained.
      The left hind limb was auto-perfused by a roller pump with a constant flow. The
      haemorrhage was performed in a normal state of the animal, after intravenous
      infusion of phenoxybenzamine and after intraarterial injection of papaverine.
      Bilateral carotid occlusions were performed in a series of experiments before
      haemorrhage, in the course of haemorrhagic hypotension and after retransfusion of
      the drawn blood. The systemic arterial pressure and the perfusion pressure in the
      limb were controlled with electronic manometers. The changes in the vascular
      resistan-e in haemorrhage after papaverine show that considerable dilatatory
      influences do not reduce the reactivity of the vascular muscle and do not
      contribute to the non-maintenance of the resistance vessels constriction caused
      by the haemorrhage. The experiments with bilateral carotid occlusion permit the
      assumption that the passive/active tension ratio, which is changed after
      haemorrhage, is an important factor conducive to the non-maintenance of the post
      haemorrhagic vasoconstriction. The extent of the post-haemorrhagic
      vasoconstriction caused by non-adrenergic constrictory agents in the blood is
      determined.

PMID- 1211186
TI  - Impulse activity of a single motor unit upon the rhythm of the summated muscle
      activity.
AB  - The impulses of single motor units (MUs) are recorded using the method of
      selective leading off with surface bipolar electrodes with small interpolar
      distance. Parallel recording is made of the summated EMG and of its apparatus
      transformed form-the mean voltage curve of the EMG. The correct position of the
      electrodes with regard to the MU is controlled by means of a vector
      electromyographic (VEMG) method. The statistical parameters of the impulse series
      of the individual MUs and of the groups of impulses in the summated EMG are
      determined, as well as the time interrelations between the impulses of the
      selected MUs and the groups of impulses in the mean voltage curve of the EMG. The
      delay in the appearance of the impulses from the selected MUs with regard to the
      beginning of the group of impulses, proved a statistically distributed value
      according to a bimodal type which becomes more pronounced upon rating to the
      intervals.

PMID- 1211187
TI  - Effect of synthetic oxytocin on the motor and bioelectrical activity of the
      stomach and small intestines (in vivo).
AB  - A study is made of the effect of synthetic oxytocin on the mechanograms and
      electromyograms of the stomach and small intestines of 11 wakeful and 7
      chloralose-anaesthesized dogs. Oxytocin was administered intravenously in doses
      of 0.5 to 2.0 IU/kg for the anaesthesized dogs. The mechanograms were recorded by
      means of the balloon-kymographic method, the electromyograms-by silver
      macroelectrodes implanted in the muscle wall. In all animals oxytocin decreased
      the tone and abolished the peristaltic contractions and the spike-potentials in
      the stomach and in the intestines for 8 to 15 min. This effect of oxytocin is not
      eliminated by adreno-, cholino- and gangliolytics. Besides these changes,
      oxytocin administered in wakeful dogs reduces two or three times the frequency of
      the basic electric rhythm (BER) in the stomach from 10 s to 3 min and increases
      the propagation of BER in the small intestine from 10 s to 10 min. The effect of
      oxytocin on gastric and intestinal BER is eliminated by cholinolytics and
      gangliolytics and it is not manifested in the small pouch of Heindenhein. A
      direct myogenic mechanism of oxytocin effect on the activity of the gastro
      intestinal smooth muscle is discussed, as well as the effect mediated by vagal
      nerves and cholinergic receptors.

PMID- 1211188
TI  - Comparative studies on the effect of lithium and haloperidol on learning and
      memory.
AB  - A comparative study of the effect of lithium and haloperidol on the processes of
      learning and memory is carried out in experiments for training albino rats in a
      maze. Haloperidol introduced intraperitoneally 1 h before learning in a dose of
      0.2 mg/kg deteriorates the learning and long-term memory, while a dose of 2 mg/kg
      makes these processes impossible. Introduced immediately after learning,
      haloperidol shows a tendency towards deterioration in the phase of memory
      consolidation. When administered 1 h before the long-term memory test,
      haloperidol inhibits reproduction. Lithium chloride administered in a single dose
      of 200 or 300 mg/kg before and after learning, has no pronounced effect. A
      tendency towards impairment of learning and memory is manifested only upon
      administration of doses of 200 mg/kg for 8 days in succession. The differences in
      the effects of lithium and haloperidol on learning and memory do not support the
      assumption that their similar effect on the cAMP system (inhibition of the
      adenylate cyclase in the brain) is essential for the mechanism of their effect on
      the central nervous system.

PMID- 1211189
TI  - Digitonin resistance of liver mitochondria isolated from copper-deficient and
      copper-loaded rats.
AB  - Liver mitochondria of copper-deficient and copper-loaded rats are with changed
      composition, ultrastructure and functions. The aim of the present work is to
      study the digitonin resistance of these mitochondria as an indicator for the
      changes in the membranes. Copper deficiency and copper loading are achieved by
      eliminating resp. by adding copper to the diet for four to six weeks. The copper
      content of the mitochondria in the control group of animals is 0.55 X 10(-9)M/mg
      protein. 0.20 X 10(-9) M/mg protein in the copper-deficient rats and 1.8 X 10(-9)
      M in the copper-loaded rats. Digitonin resistance is measured by the degree of
      increase in the activity of a matrix enzyme, malatedehydrogenase, upon
      destruction of the various mitochondrial membranes and to a different degree by
      ascending digitonin concentrations. The digitonin effect on the membranes is
      maximal for concentrations of 0.8 to 1.0 mg digitonin/mg protein. The digitonin
      resistance of the inner membranes increases in the case of copper deficiency,
      while coppor loading has the opposite effect on the resistance of the outer
      membranes. Moreover, coppor loading results in an increase in the general
      activity of the mitochondrial malatedehydrogenase as compared with the control
      mitochondria.

PMID- 1211190
TI  - Combined device for measurement of the duration of the cardiac cycle and
      stimulation synchronized with the cardiac cycle.
AB  - A simple device for measuring the momentary cardiac frequency (i.e. a value
      proportional t-r the length of the time interval between two cardiac
      contractions) is worked out using a capacitoo transducer consisting of two
      capacitors and an electron control circuit. The sequence of the charging,
      indication of the voltage and the discharge of the capacitors is effected by a
      relay circuit. A random signal characterizing the cardiac cycle can be used as
      input signal, such as: ECG, pulse signal, signal of the blood pressure
      transducer, etc. At a definite moment of the cardiac cycle the device produces a
      synchroimpulse. This makes it possible, by regulating the delay between the
      triggering and the stimulating impulses of an external stimulator, to realize a
      regime of synchronized stimulation, i.e., the stimulating impulses to coincide
      with a preliminarily given moment after the beginning of the cardiac cycle. The
      output of the device is connected with a standard recording device with
      sufficiently large input resistance. The transistor electronic circuit is
      connected to the supply or to an autonomous source. The dimensions of the device
      are 20 X 12 X 10 cm, its weight is about 2 kg.

PMID- 1211191
TI  - Relationship between body weight, lean body mass, total fat and maximal oxygen
      consumption in obese subjects.

PMID- 1211192
TI  - Pharmacological investigations on peripheral vasoconstriction induced with
      chronic exposure to vibration.

PMID- 1211193
TI  - Application of teleelectrocardiography for evaluation of the engine-driver work
      load in four variants of ride.

PMID- 1211194
TI  - Normal values of body fluid volume, blood constituents, hemodynamic parameters,
      osmotic reactivity of the antidiuretic system and the thirst mechanism in
      unanaesthetized dogs.

PMID- 1211195
TI  - Phenol red as an indicator of the flow rate of digesta along the small intestine
      of pig.

PMID- 1211196
TI  - Effect of elevated interstitial pressure on the renal cortical hemodynamics.
AB  - The influence of renal interstitial pressure on the resistance pattern within the
      superficial cortical vasculature has been investigated from determinations of 1)
      the glomerular blood flow eith a modified microsphere technique and 2) the
      intravascular hydrostatic pressures. Interstitial pressure was monitored via a 50
      mum PVC-catheter placed into the subcapsular interstitial space. Two conditions
      were analyzed viz. a) elevation of uretheral pressure to 20 mm Hg and b) venous
      stasis to 10-15 mm Hg. Both conditions produced an increase in the interstitial
      pressure from 1-2 mm Hg to about 5 mm Hg as well as an increased hilar lymph flow
      and protein flow of about the same size. The vascular reactions were different,
      however. Uretheral stasis (but not the stasis of a single nephron) produced a
      decreased resistance in the afferent arteriolae with a concomitant increae in the
      pressures in the glomerular capillaries, and the peritobular capillary network.
      In contrast, venous stasis produced only small changes in the parameters studied
      but for the obvious rise in the peritubular capillary pressure. The results
      suggest that factors other than the interstitial pressure are governing the
      afferent vascular tone; the tubular wall tension might be one of these factors.

PMID- 1211197
TI  - Gastric acid secretion in a teleostean fish: a method for the continous
      collection of gastric effluence from a swimming fish and its response to
      histamine and pentagastrin.
AB  - Gastric acid secretion has been measured in the codfish (Gadus morhua) equipped
      with a catheter draining the stomach, by titrating the water swallowed by the
      fish. Unstimulated acid secretion was found to be very low; in most fishes not
      exceeding 8 mumol H+/kg h. Intramuscular injection of histamine evokes a dose
      dependent secretion of gastric acid, with a maximum acid output of 300 mumul/kg h
      occurring with 10 mg/kg histamine dihydrochloride. No acid response was obtained
      with pentagastrin.

PMID- 1211198
TI  - n the mechanism of inhibitory action of vibrations as studied in a molluscan
      catch muscle and in vertebrate vascular smooth muscle.
AB  - In previous studies longitudinal vibrations have been found to reduce active
      force development in smooth muscle, possibly due to a direct action on the
      contractile mechanism. In the present experiments the inhibitory effect of
      vibrations on isometric tension was studied in isolated preparations of the rat
      portal vein, the rabbit thoracic aorta and the anterior byssus retractor muscle
      (ABRM) of the Mytilus edulis. The results demonstrate that vibrations of
      appropriate frequency and amplitude caused prompt inhibition of contractile
      tension and that complete recovery of active force normally occurred after
      cessation of vibration in vertebrate smooth muscle as well as during  the phasic
      contraction of ABRM. However, in the "catch" of the ABRM there was no regain in
      force following the vibration induced inhibition. The contractile proteins are
      considered to be a locked state during the catch situation. Thus, this contracted
      state seems to be released by vibrations. It is therefore concluded that
      vibrations do interfere with the interrelationship between the myofilaments. This
      conclusion supports the previously forwarded hypothesis that vibrations act by
      increasing the rate of detachment of actin-myosin crosslinks in vertebrate smooth
      muscle.

PMID- 1211200
TI  - Acylation of carnitine and glycerophosphate in suspensions of rat liver
      mitochondria at varying levels of palmitate and coenzyme A.
AB  - Rates of acylation of carnitine and glycerophosphate in suspensions of isolated
      rat liver mitochondria were measured at varying levels of palmitate and coenzyme
      A in the presence  of ATP. Addition of glycerophosphate caused considerable
      reduction in carnitine acylation at low, but not at high palmitate levels.
      Glycerophosphate acylation was less reduced by added carnitine. These results can
      be explained by a lower Km(acyl-CoA) in glycerophosphate acylation than in
      carnitine acylation. High levels of free coenzyme A caused inhibition of
      carnitine acylation, while the inhibitory effect of glycerophosphate acylation
      was small. Competition between palmitate and acyl-CoA for binding sites on
      protein (e.g., albumine added to the mitochondrial suspensions) was indicated by
      stimulation of carnitine acylation by palmitate with palmityl-CoA added as
      substrate in the absence of ATP. Refeeding a carbohydrate-rich diet to previously
      fasted rats resulted in increased glycerophosphate acylation and decreased
      carnitine acylation in isolated liver mitochondria.

PMID- 1211199
TI  - Rubrospinal control of static and dynamic fusimotor neurones.
AB  - Rubrospinal effects on about 60 extracellularyl recorded gamma-motoneurones were
      studied in anesthetized cats. All cells were antidromically identified from
      various muscle nerves. 23 cells were regarded as dynamic as they were activated
      from a mesencephalic region previously known to influence selectively muscle
      spindle dynamic sensitivity. The pattern of rubrospinal influence on static
      fusimotor neurones to different muscles closely followed that previously
      demonstrated for alpha-motoneurones with pr edominantly excitation of flexor
      neurones and excitation or inhibition in equal amounts of extensor cells. Dynamic
      fusimotor neurones were influenced in a strictly reciprocal manner with
      excitation of flexor cells and inhibition of extensor cells except for a few
      neurones which could not be reached from nucleur ruber. Evidence was also
      obtained indicating that the shortest path from nucleus ruber to static fusimotor
      neurones involves one interneurone.

PMID- 1211201
TI  - Thermoregulation during static work with the legs.
AB  - Sustained static work with the legs, i.e., holding a weight of about 10% of
      maximal isometric strength for 25 min was compared to dynamic exercise on a
      bicycle ergometer causing the same rate of heat production. In the static work
      the subjective feeling of exertion was very high and the effort maximal. The
      pronounced increase in heart rate and blood pressure and a typical flush of the
      face and chest (flush areas) indicated a high sympathetic tonus. Plasma
      catecholamine levels were 1.3 times higher (significant at the Pless than or
      equal to 0.05 level) after static work than after dynamic work. Although the
      sustained static work was nearly maximal, the rate of increase in sweating and
      the change in core temperature during work were not different from the responses
      to dynamic work.

PMID- 1211202
TI  - Vascular resistance in peripheral blood vessels at normotension and at local
      orthostatic hypertension in healty humans.
AB  - The effect of changes in orthostatic pressure on vascular resistance in
      subcutaneous adipose tissue was examined in the forearm at normal tension and in
      the leg at local orthostatic hypertension in three normal subjects. Blood flow in
      subcutaneous tissue was measured by the local xenon-133 washout technique.
      Changes in orthostatic pressure were achieved by postural changes of the
      extremity. At levels above the heart where venous pressure is constant, there was
      autoregulation of blood flow over a wider arterial blood pressure range in leg
      than in forearm. When transmural pressure increased 25 mm Hg or more vascular
      resistance increased about 50 per cent in the dependent forearm and 300 per cent
      in the dependent leg. The effect of ischemia on vascular resistance was
      investigated in cutaneous tissue of hand and foot by means of the 131I-Antipyrine
      initial slope technique. Vascular resistance after maximum dilatation achieved
      after 20, 30, and 35 min of ischemia was less in vessels of the hand than in
      vessels of the foot. Thus, adaptive structural changes of vessels subjected to
      increased blood pressure are present in cutaneous and subcutaneous adipose
      tissues in normal subjects.

PMID- 1211203
TI  - Synthesis of brain-specific acidic proteins in rat and mouse cerebral slices.
AB  - Optimal conditions for incorporation of radioactive amiino acids into protein by
      slices of brain have been established. Protein synthesis continued for at least 4
      h at 35 degrees. The highest incorporation of amino acids into protein was
      obtained with 20-50 mg wet weight per ml incubated at pH 7.1. After incubation of
      500 mg of slices acidic proteins were separated by saltfractionation and
      electrophoresis on 14% polyacrylamide gel. The most acidic band was shown to
      contain S-100 protein. Indentification was solubility of the protein in 100%
      (NH4)2SO4, electrophoretic mobility at pH 8.9, precipitation with specific
      antibodies, and 2-dimensional electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. The protein
      band was insoluble in 50% methanol and contained between 0.06 and 0.2% of the
      radioactivity present in the total soluble proteins; while other well separated
      acidic proteins contained about 10 times the radioactivity of S-100 protein.

PMID- 1211204
TI  - [Synthesis of 2-(2'-thiazolyl) alkanebenzimidazoles--potential anthelmintics].

PMID- 1211205
TI  - [Synthesis of potential tuberculostatics of the hydrazinoamine group. XI.
      Preparation of N1-acyl-N2-(2-acylaminoethyl) hydrazines with equal acyl groups].

PMID- 1211207
TI  - [Synthesis of new 7-, 8- and 9-membered heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen
      and nitrogen as heteroatoms. II. Synthesis of hexahydro-1,4,5-oxadiazocine].

PMID- 1211206
TI  - [Synthesis of ethyleneamines. XXII. Synthesis of 1,1,4
      trimethyldiethylenetriamine].

PMID- 1211208
TI  - [Thin layer chromatography of some N-glucosylthiosemicarbazides and N
      glucosylamino oxadiazoles].

PMID- 1211209
TI  - [Use of synthetic ion exchange resins in the quantitative analysis of
      pharmaceuticals. X. Complexometric determination of organic bases in drugs].

PMID- 1211210
TI  - [Quercetin derivatives of Euphorbia lucida W.K].

PMID- 1211211
TI  - [Use of thin layer chromatography in the analysis of some androgenic anabolic
      steroids].

PMID- 1211212
TI  - Sudden death in rheumatoid arthritis with atlanto-axial dislocation.
AB  - A post mortem material of 11 consecutive cases of severe atlanto-axial
      dislocation (a.a.d.) with cord compression is reported. The total number of
      deaths from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during the period of 5 years was 104, and
      all were autopsied. Neurological symptoms correlated poorly to fatal a.a.d.
      Hemiplegia was found in three cases, one of which, however, was caused by
      thrombosis cerebri. Spastic signs were transiently recorded in two patients and
      dysphagia in a further two. Five patients had a history of recent vomiting.
      A.a.d. was the sole or main cause of death in 8 cases and contributory in 2.
      Sudden death occurred in 7 of the cases. Only 2 cases had obtained a correct
      diagnosis intra vitam. The CNS findings at autopsy consisted of cord compression
      (11/11 cases), cord malacia (2/11) and cerebral oedema (3/11). One case had
      polyarteritis and renal amyloidosis and one pulmonary carcinoma with metastatic
      spread. Signs of active inflammation in the axial joints were present in 4 cases.
      This study, based on systematic post mortem examinations, revealed an
      unexpectedly high and not previously reported incidence of fatal medulla
      compression in RA patients with a.a.d. (10%).

PMID- 1211214
TI  - High pacemaker implantation rate following "cardiogenic neurology".
AB  - This paper gives data on symptomatic patients with bradycardia found not at
      random but as the result of greatly expanded facilities for recognition of
      arrhythmias. The incidence of patients with symptomatic bradycardia was very
      high. Most patients had intermittent arrhythmias and diagnosis was often only
      possible after long-term ECG screening. Symptoms were as severe, and relief of
      symptoms with treatment was as good, as in pacemaker-treated patients described
      by others. Our conclusion is that indications for arrhythmia screening should be
      increased, as the diagnosis and treatment are very worthwhile. We refer to the
      systematized active diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmias in patients with
      cerebral symptoms as cardiogenic neurology.

PMID- 1211213
TI  - Skeletal status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The total body calcium - estimated from the bone mineral content in the distal
      part of the forearm, measured by means of photon absorptiometry - has been
      determined in 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. None of the patients were
      treated with steroids and all were relatively mobile. The results indicate that
      osteoporosis is uncommon in such patients.

PMID- 1211215
TI  - Routine exercise ECG three weeks after acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - In the third week after acute myocardial infarction, mean 18 days, exercise tests
      have been performed in 209 patients prior to discharge from the Coronary Care
      Unit. The exercise was done on a bicycle ergometer with electrically controlled
      braking, starting at the load 300 kpm/min (equal to 50 W), increasing with 300
      kpm/min every 6th min, aiming at a maximal symptom-limited performance. ECG, in 3
      extremity leads and 3 precordial leads, and heart rate (HR) were continuously
      recorded, and blood pressure (BP) was measured every minute. The most common
      cause for discontinuing exercise was fatigue (in 58%). Anginal pain or dyspnoea
      was the cause in 23.8%. Only in 9.1% was the exercise interrupted by the
      investigator because of rhythm disturbances or pronounced ST-T changes. Maximal
      work varied from 1 min exercise at 300 kpm/min to 6 min at 900 kpm/min (150 W);
      18% of all patients were able to work for 6 min at 600 kpm/min (100 W). HR
      increased on an average from 80 beats/min at rest to 129 beats/min at maximal
      work load. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased on an average from 126 to 170
      mmHg. The maximal values reached during exercise were HR 170/min, and SBP 270
      mmHg. The product HR X SPB increased a little more than two-fold on an average.
      ST-T changes indicating myocardial ischaemia during exercise were observed in
      70%. During exercise ventricular ectopic beats occurred in 42%. All rhythm
      disturbances provoked by exercise disappeared spontaneously shortly after work.
      Persistent ECG changes, reinfarction or other serious complications were not
      observed in connection with the exercise test. It is concluded that an exercise
      test under controlled circumstances is safe in patients of all ages in the third
      week after myocardial infarction. It is an objective measure of physical work
      capacity and described the reaction to physical activity. It gives a basis for
      advising return to normal life and is of great psychological importance to the
      patient.

PMID- 1211216
TI  - Diagnosis of ventricular septal defect in acute myocardial infarction without
      cardiac catheterization.
AB  - Five patients with acute myocardial infarction and a systolic murmur suggestive
      of ventricular septal rupture or mitral regurgitation have been examined by
      external vascular isotope dilution curves over the chest after i.v. injection of
      125I-hippuran. In three patients these isotope dilution curves showed signs of
      left-to-right shunting of blood, and subsequent autopsy demonstrated the presence
      of ventricular septal defect. In two patients there was no sign of left-to-right
      shunting, and these patients recovered.

PMID- 1211217
TI  - Verapamil in the treatment of atrial tachycardia with block.
AB  - Atrial tachycardia (A-T) with block is easily converted as a rule to sinus rhythm
      by DC shock, but the recurrence rate is high. So far drug treatment of this
      arrhythmia has been unsatisfactory. There is no drug of choice in the treatment
      of A-T with block. We report on the effect of verapamil on this arrhythmia in 14
      patients. Ten of them reverted to sinus rhythm, but A-T with block later recurred
      in 4. The best effect was found in patients with no or only minimal heart
      enlargement and in patients with short duration of the arrhythmia. The effect of
      verapamil on A-T with block may support the concept of this arrhythmia being due
      to atrioventricular (A-V) nodal reentry, as the main effect of verapamil is a
      prolongation of the effective refractory period of the A-V node.

PMID- 1211218
TI  - Uriglox and quantitative urine microscopy in diagnosis of urinary tract
      infection.
AB  - The aim of this study was to find an alternative to the sole use of abundant
      cultural findings as a basis for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI).
      For this purpose, the results obtained from the bacteriological culture of
      daytime urine specimens from 154 students by the dip slide method were checked
      against the findings from the quantitative culture, microscopy and Uriglox
      testing of the first morning urines voided later at home. As a diagnostic
      criterion, the finding of 10(5) or more bacteria/ml urine in two successive
      cultures had an error of 19%. For the simultaneous occurrence in the morning
      urine of abundant bacteria (larger than or equal to 10(5)/ml) and a subnormal
      glucose concentration (as revealed by the Uriglox test), this error was 1.5%.
      Only the latter combination showed, therefore, the presence of UTI at the
      confidence level of larger than or equal to 95%, or was "clinically significant".
      The specificity indices for the Uriglox test and the quantitative culture were
      0.99 and 0.97, respectively. Microscopy of the morning urine showed 10(3) or more
      bacteria/ml in all the subjects with infection but the number of leucocytes was
      normal in a fifth of them. The specificity indices for microscopic counts of
      10(3) or more organisms/ml and 10 or more leucocytes/mm3 were 0.74 and 0.94,
      respectively. For higher counts, i.e. 10(5) or more bacteria/ml and 50 or more
      leucocytes/mm3, the specificity index of positive microscopy was 1.0. This
      specificity level was, however, attained at the expense of the sensitivity, which
      for 10(5) or more organisms/ml was 0.67 and for 50 or more leucocytes/mm3 0.53.
      It is concluded that abundant bacterial contamination of specimens often
      decisively complicates the diagnostic use of urine culture, and therefore the
      combined use of quantitative culture, microscopy and the Uriglox test is
      recommended as the principal tool for the diagnosis of UTI in ordinary hospital
      and ambulatory health services.

PMID- 1211219
TI  - Iron absorption in patients with chronic renal failure not requiring dialytic
      therapy.
AB  - Gastrointestinal iron absorption, by means of whole body counting, has been
      measured in 15 patients with chronic renal failure, not requiring dialysis. Whole
      body retention 14 days after oral administration of 10 muCi 59Fe together with a
      carrier dose of 10 mg Fe2+ was taken as expression of absorption. The percentage
      incorporation in the total erythrocyte mass of administered 59Fe (erythrocyte
      incorporation) and absorbed 59Fe (red cell utilization) was estimated as well.
      Iron absorption was 9.6+/-2.0 (S.D.)% (geometric mean) and erythrocyte
      incorporation 7.5+/-2.3 (S.D.)% (geometric mean) while red cell utilization
      averaged 80.3+/-4.8 (S.E.M.)% (arithmetic mean). None of these parameters were
      significantly different from those obtained in a normal control group (p greater
      than 0.5, p greater than 0.9 and p greater than 0.2, respectively). The
      correlation between iron absorption and erythrocyte incorporation was highly
      significant (r=1.00, p less than 0.001). Iron supplementation is often indicated
      in the investigated category of patients due to increased blood loss and
      insufficient iron intake and should be given orally in consideration of the
      normal gastrointestinal absorption.

PMID- 1211221
TI  - Studies on some biological properties of heteroploidal cell -- PZH-1 line derived
      from human embryo lung.
AB  - The morphological and karyological properties as well as susceptibility to virus
      strain of tissue culture derived from human embryo lung that underwent a
      transformation becoming a continuous line defined as PZH-1 were observed. The
      observations cover 120 passages divided into four phases: one before and three
      after transformation. Each of these phases was characterised by different
      biological strain properties. Loss of PZH-1 susceptibility to ECHO virus was the
      first change of biological properties preceding in time changes in growth rate,
      cell morphology and chromosome complement. The loss of susceptibility to ECHO
      virus may indicate cell transformation.

PMID- 1211220
TI  - Diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis by myocardial biopsy.
AB  - A case of cardiac amyloidosis with severe heart failure is presented. The
      diagnosis was confirmed by myocardial biopsy. The microscopical and
      ultrastructural changes in this biopsy are described in detail.

PMID- 1211222
TI  - A simple device for spot counting in photomicrographs or electron micrographs.
AB  - A simple apparatus for spot counting in photomicrographs or electron micrographs
      is described, consisting of an illuminator on which the photographic print in
      placed and a counting pen. By making small holes in the photograph with the
      specially designed spring-loaded counting pen, the spot counted can be clearly
      located by the light from the illuminator falling through the hole, whereas a
      microswitch built into the counting pen makes an electronic counting system to
      move one digit.

PMID- 1211223
TI  - Biostatics of the tibial shaft.
AB  - In all, 56 tibiae from Lapps and 56 tibiae from Norwegians have been studied.
      These ethnic groups represent different weight bearing situations. Only
      measurements referring to the diaphysis are presented. The bones are studied in
      the AP and ML planes and at different transverse sections. The material is
      analyzed statistically. The distribution form is examined. Chiefly positive
      skewness occurs. Platykurtosis is found twice as often as leptokurtosis. A
      differentiated pattern of distribution seems to be the case regarding
      measurements in the lower extremities. This corresponds to the influence of
      variable hereditary and external factors. Divergencies from standard normal
      distribution is compared with differences between groups. In some cases
      differences are influenced by platykurtosis and skewness. Divergence from
      standard normal distribution could not be traced back to measuring errors,
      special features of the bone or special sex characteristics. The divergencies are
      not supposed to affect the results to any noteworthy extent. Female Lapps show
      small variances, female Norwegians great variances. In linear variables Lapps
      generally show smaller values than Norwegians, females smaller values than males.
      Regarding linear measurements, sex differences are a little more marked than
      differences between the two ethnic groups. The opposite is the case regarding the
      angular measurements and the indices. The sex differences in linear measurements
      are smaller in Lapps than in Norwegians. The opposite is the case regarding the
      length of the bone. In Lapps, angular measurements and indices show no
      significant sex differences. Regarding linear measurements, differences between
      the ethnic groups are mostly due to differences between the males. The opposite
      may be said about the indicnes. The variations of the tibia recorded and
      discussed in the present paper are the results of mechanical factors influencing
      the basic processes in functional bone remodelling. The periosteal ossification
      is particularly involved in the dimensions of the shaft, the epiphyseal cartilage
      in the length dimensions. Particularly important is the relation between the
      weight bearing line and the diaphysial axis of the bone, and the muscles
      activated by variation is this relation.

PMID- 1211224
TI  - An electronmicroscopic study of the truncus ridges in chick embryos.
AB  - In 6 days' chick embryos, an electronmicroscopical study was made of the fusion
      of the endocardial ridges of the truncus arteriosus. It could be demonstrated
      that in this fusion process not only the endothelial cells are involved, but also
      cells of the condensed mesenchyme of the parietal ridge. The endothelial cells
      form protrusions which interdigitate and show endocytosis whereas the cells of
      the condensed mesenchyme produce long, blunt pseudopodia containing filaments and
      microtubules.

PMID- 1211225
TI  - Intersex or sex reversal amongst plant parasitic nematodes.
AB  - The intersexuality amongst plant parasitic nematodes has been discussed to be an
      intermediate stage of sex reversal of male into female. We, hereby, suggest four
      possible reasons for the sex reversal, this being an intermediate stage - a so
      called intersex phase: (1) gene mutation, (2) unusual numerical relationship
      between autosomes and sex chromosomes during fertilization, (3) effect of female
      sex hormone secreted by adult females alongwith the mating attractant, and (4)
      presence or absence of andrgenic hormone in males. The possible effect of female
      sex hormone on the synthesis of macromolecules which might play a role in sex
      reversal, is discussed in particular.

PMID- 1211226
TI  - Functional significance of non-specific esterase and its involvement in the
      excretory mechanism of trematodes, cestodes and nematodes.
AB  - The distribution of non-specific esterase in the excretory canals of nematodes,
      cestodes and trematodes is described. In all the cases the excretory canals are
      intensely positive, except in Dioecocestus fevita where the reaction is mild. In
      most of the cases the reaction is observed in the form of small granules,
      distributed throughout the canal. The distribution of the enzyme has been
      correlated with the excretory functions of these parasites.

PMID- 1211227
TI  - Functional aspects of four bar systems as models for mouth-opening mechanisms in
      teleost fishes.

PMID- 1211228
TI  - Presence and activity of some head muscles in buccal stages of Haplochromis
      elegans predicted from movement analysis.

PMID- 1211229
TI  - The ascending projections of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus in the
      mallard (Anas platyrhynchos).

PMID- 1211230
TI  - Electromyography, movement and central nucleus activity analysis of the feeding
      apparatus and the trigeminal system of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos l.).

PMID- 1211232
TI  - An acetylthiocholinesterase pattern in the dorsal acessory olive (D.A.O.) of the
      cat.

PMID- 1211231
TI  - Projections from the gracile and internal cuneate nuclei to the inferior olive in
      the cat as demonstrated by autoradiography.

PMID- 1211233
TI  - Re-examination of the ponto-cerebellar projection in the adult white leghorn
      (Gallus domesticus).

PMID- 1211234
TI  - Morphology and experimental investigations about the extra- and intrahepatic
      arteries in man and some other species.

PMID- 1211235
TI  - Mobility and stabilization of the lower extremities demonstrated by a simple
      kinematic model.

PMID- 1211236
TI  - The interphalangeal joints in man.

PMID- 1211237
TI  - Cytoplasmic segregation during the symmetrisation of the anuran egg.

PMID- 1211238
TI  - The shaping of phylogenic behavior.

PMID- 1211239
TI  - Konorski's concept of gnostic areas and units: some electrophysiological
      considerations.

PMID- 1211240
TI  - The process of conditioning: an evolving concept.
AB  - Various explanations of the process of conditioning and some models of the
      postulated connections between brain centers are discussed. Some results of
      research on conditioning processes at the neuronal level are reviewed. A
      hypothesis is put forth that conditioned behavior is a result of activation of
      neural patterns of associations between the sensory traces of stimuli; such
      neural patterns may be stored in polysensory neurons. Models based on this
      hypothesis are presented.

PMID- 1211242
TI  - Drive-controlled reflexes: a theory.
AB  - Drive-controlled (higher) reflexes are divided in two ways: (i) according to the
      controlling drive into pain, fear and appetite reflexes; (ii) according to the
      manner of drive elimination into type A and type B reflexes. A type A reflex
      simply removes the evoking stimulus, whereas a type B reflex provides a drive
      inhibiting stimulus. According to different functions performed in an organism,
      reflexes are grouped into several systems.

PMID- 1211241
TI  - Post-consummatory arousal of drive as a mechanism of incentive motivation.
AB  - A review of experimental papers on the problem of incentive motivation reveals
      little or no support for the hypothesis that conditioned food signals facilitate
      autochthonous instrumental responses (i.e., responses motivated by the same drive
      and rewarded by the same unconditioned stimulus). The existing data are explained
      most parsimoniously by assuming that reward, or its conditioned signal, inhibits
      the central drive process, and, that the termination of either primary (food US)
      or secondary (food CS) reward causes the rebound of drive which energizes
      instrumental behavior. This post-consummatory arousal of drive retains some
      specificity related to the reward and is assumed to represent a mechanism of the
      phenomena usually referred to as incentive motivation.

PMID- 1211243
TI  - Humoral factors controlling food intake in dogs.

PMID- 1211244
TI  - The biological significance of duetting and antiphonal song.
AB  - Duetting plays a very important part in the signal system between male and female
      in a large number of bird species, in particular species that inhabit tropical
      regions. These elaborate song patterns show many interesting features, of which
      only a few have been discussed here. Perhaps the most interesting result of our
      investigations of duetting is the light cast on the heretofore little appreciated
      precision and synthesizing power of avian aural perception, the great precision
      of response time and the equally great exactness of control of the vocal organs.
      The use of these vocal powers for individual recognition is in line with
      observations made over the past decade by B. Tschanz, C. G. Beer, myself and
      others. This work has shown that in many colonial nesting birds (for example
      auks, terns, gulls, gannets and penguins) brief calls of a half-second duration
      or less can have enough acoustic detail not only to serve as labels identifying
      the calling species but also to label the individual caller.

PMID- 1211245
TI  - Cerebral localization. The search for functional representation in the cortex.

PMID- 1211246
TI  - Prefrontal cortex and manipulatory go left-go right differentiation to acoustic
      directional cues in dogs.
AB  - In 20 dogs the manipulatory go left ? go right differentiation to acoustic
      directional cues was elaborated. All dogs received total prefrontal, or
      dorsolateral (total or partial) or medial (total or partial) cortical ablations.
      All total ablations markedly affected performance of the task, whereas the
      partial removals produced moderate or no impairment. Thus, both the dorsolateral
      and medial prefrontal cortex are involved in this type of differentiation.

PMID- 1211247
TI  - Effects of partial prefrontal lesions in dogs on go-no go avoidance reflex
      differentiation and reversal learning.
AB  - The effects of prefrontal medial or lateral lesions on the retention of avoidance
      go ? no go click-tone differentiation in dogs were studied. The acquisition of
      the differentiation was influenced by the quality of the stimuli since more
      errors were performed to the click CS(-) than to the tone CS(-). Neither medial
      nor lateral lesions exerted any effect on retention of the differentiation.
      Similarly, as during original differentiation training, the quality of the
      stimuli had an effect on reversal learning in normal dogs. Such an effect was
      markedly reduced in dogs with prefrontal lesions and more strongly in those Ss
      which received lateral lesions. The results were discussed relative to data
      obtained from cats trained under similar conditions. The dogs showed better
      responding on positive trials while performance in cats was better on negative
      trials. The stimulus quality effect was more pronounced in dogs during negative,
      and in cats during positive trials.

PMID- 1211248
TI  - The primate frontal cortex: progress report 1975.

PMID- 1211249
TI  - Dissociative effects of selective lesions in the caudate nucleus of cats and
      rats.
AB  - Lesions in the neostriatal region connected to the prefrontal cortex severely
      impaired delayed alternation in both cats and rats, whereas no such effect was
      found after damage to other neostriatal regions. These results indicate that the
      processes mediating delayed alternation are well localized in the neostriatum of
      both cats and rats. Two possible models of neostriatal functioning are discussed,
      one of functional heterogeneity, the other of functional homogeneity.

PMID- 1211251
TI  - The effect of cerebellar lesions on instrumental responses executed against
      resistance.

PMID- 1211250
TI  - Electrophysiological investigation of discrete skilled movements in rats.

PMID- 1211252
TI  - Cortical motor representation in view of recent experiments on cortico-spinal
      relations.
AB  - The results of recent experiments using either intracortical stimulation or
      stimulation of the surface of the motor cortex were reviewed from the point of
      view of "muscle" and "movement" cortical representation. It has been concluded
      that there is no satisfactory evidence for location of the pyramidal tract (PT)
      cells which project directly (monosynaptically) to motoneurones of one muscle in
      primates within small and separate cortical areas; such evidence is even weaker
      for PT cells which exert their effects via polysynaptic pathways in other
      species. The available evidence shows in contrast a very pronounced overlap of
      cortical areas of projection to different motor nuclei.

PMID- 1211253
TI  - Heart rate and blood pressure in the study of laboratory pain in man under normal
      conditions and as influenced by hypnosis.

PMID- 1211254
TI  - Spreading depression resulting from cortical punctures.
AB  - In acute experiments on cats under deep Nembutal anesthesia punctures of the
      cortex caused a prolonged negative shift of its surface potential (up to 15 mv,
      5.5 min), which was followed by a prolonged positive shift. During these shifts
      of the potential, both components of the direct response were depressed. The
      changes in potential and the depression of electric activity spread over the
      cortex at a mean rate of 65 micrometers/s. The phenomenon arised when the
      punctures are made with a pipet 20 micrometers and above in diameter. A puncture
      of the surface structures was critical; passage of the pipet through the middle
      and deep layers was ineffective. It is assumed that when cortical punctures are
      made the SD is caused by K(+) ions which leak out of the destroyed glial
      structures.

PMID- 1211255
TI  - Acquired and inherent trace processes in the neuronally isolated cortex.
AB  - Trace processes in the neuronally isolated cerebral cortex of one hemisphere were
      analysed. EEG and unit activity of the isolated cortex at different times after
      the operation were investigated. Temporal connections in the isolated cortex were
      elaborated. Neurons fixing the stimuli traces were revealed. These neurons (23
      percent of reactive neurons) form a microsystem of learning neurons.

PMID- 1211256
TI  - Consciousness from neurons.
AB  - Consciousness derives from a neural process that requires unceasing metabolic
      support, and probably involves only a select population of neocortical elements.
      The essential process must operate for roughly more than 100 ms for sensorial
      registration (Libet). It is highly unlikely that the essence of the process lies
      in its computational logic and hence it can never be produced by inanimate
      machines. Since the process is thus unique to neurons, and since the
      consciousness of the left hemisphere normally communicates with that of the right
      (and probably vice versa) via the forebrain cornmissures, at least some portion
      of the nerve impulse traffic across the commissures must possess a wholly
      mysterious property enabling its transcendent compilation into a unified
      conscious experience. Comprehending the nature of this property which couples
      ionic fluxions into mentality is the quintessential problem of science. The
      forebrain commissures may ultimately provide the clues for its solution.

PMID- 1211257
TI  - Electron microscopic morphometry of the zona glomerulosa cells of the Wistar rat.
AB  - Results of morphometric measurements were compared on the cells of the zona
      glomerulosa (ZG) of the adrenal gland of the rat. The mean area covered by the
      cells, the nuclei, the mitochondria and the lipid droplets, as well as the
      surface density of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and of internal
      mitochondrial membrane indicated an inhomogeneity even in the ZG cells of the
      same animal, with considerable deviations in the ZG of different animals. The
      dark and light ZG cells were compared too. The results suggest hormonal
      functional differences, both among the normal animals and among the cells of the
      same animals.

PMID- 1211258
TI  - Blood supply of the rat hypothalamus. III. Anterior region of the hypothalamus
      (nucleus suprachiasmatis, nucleus hypothalamicus anterior, nucleus
      periventricularis).
AB  - The arterial and venous blood supply of the anterior hypothalamus was studied by
      means of double perfusion technique. The angiotopography and cytoarchitecture of
      the hypothalamus were compared on serial sections by accounting for the three
      dimensional coordinates. A detailed description is given of the arteries and
      veins contributing to the blood supply of the suprachiasmatic, the anterior
      hypothalamic and the periventricular nuclei. The topography of the arterial and
      venous trunk on the base surface of the rat diencephalon is described, as well as
      that of the larger branches which enter from below and pass through the anterior
      hypothalamus.

PMID- 1211259
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the neurohypophysis. A histochemical study.
AB  - Ten micrograms of PG F2 alpha in distilled water were injected intraperitoneally
      into thirty non-pregnant female rats and their hypophysis was studied after
      aldehyde-fuchsin and performic acid-alcian blue staining. A definite depletion of
      posterior pituitary principle was observed in the hypophysis. The role of
      oxytocin in relation to the oxytocic effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha is
      discussed.

PMID- 1211260
TI  - Connective tissue alterations following neonatal thymectomy. VI. Calcium
      histochemical, growth-dynamical and thermoanalytical investigations on bone
      tissue of thymectomized rats.
AB  - Thymectomy was performed in newborn rats and the changes occurring in the
      epiphyseal cartilage and bone were investigated by Ca histochemical and
      thermoanalytical methods, one, two and six weeks following operation. Formation
      of Ca complexes was slowed down in the epiphyseal cartilage and the rate of
      growth decreased. At the same time the inorganic substance content decreased
      considerably in the bone tissue of operated rats as compared to the controls.

PMID- 1211262
TI  - Effect of triiodothyronine treatment, thyroparathyroidectomy and
      mercaptoiminazole treatment on enchondral bone growth. Changes in the
      histological structure of the growth organ.
AB  - Histological changes caused by triiodothyronine (T3) and mercaptoiminazole
      treatment as well as by thyroidectomy have been studied in the proximal growth
      organ of the tibia of growing rats. On triiodothyronine treatment morphometric
      examinations revealed an increased proliferation and resorption of cartilage
      associated with a transitory acceleration of linear bone growth. Administration
      of mercaptoiminazole and thyroidectomy inhibited cartilage proliferation and
      resorption resulting in a slowing down of bone growth.

PMID- 1211261
TI  - Permeability of the post-ischemic rat aorta.
AB  - The time course of the vascular permeability disorder following upon acute
      hypoxia and the fate of plasma substances entering the vessel wall in consequence
      of increased permeability were studied on the rat abdominal aorta rendered
      hypoxic for one hour by double ligature and recirculated for periods ranging from
      one hour to 30 days. The distribution and quantity of mural plasma inhibition
      were determined histochemically by means of a colloidal iron tracer and Prussian
      blue reaction and by photometric analysis, respectively. Plasma imbibition
      reached its maximum after recirculation for 24 to 48 hours and fell to an almost
      normal level after 10 days. Administration of the colloidal iron tracer on the
      second day of recirculation, when the permeability disorder was at its peak,
      showed plasma imbibition in every layer of the vessel wall. At seven days it was
      restricted to the outer third of the media and the adventitia. The endothelium is
      acting as the main barrier to mural plasma imbibition and in the case of a
      permeability disorder only the elastic lamellae constitute a temporary mechanical
      obstacle to the ingression of plasma.

PMID- 1211263
TI  - [Puerperal psychoses (catamnestic and clinical studies of 20 cases)].

PMID- 1211264
TI  - [Psychoses by association].

PMID- 1211266
TI  - [Depressive epileptic dysrhythmia with normal EEG].

PMID- 1211265
TI  - [Attempted suicide in the region of Gerona].

PMID- 1211268
TI  - [Social service in the psychiatric clinic].

PMID- 1211267
TI  - [Experience with Leponex].

PMID- 1211270
TI  - [Diagnosis of the psycho-organic syndrome in low pressure hydrocephalus using the
      Wechsler-Bellevue test].

PMID- 1211269
TI  - [Relation between age, sex, marital status, origin of birth, residence and mental
      disorders in a psychiatric hospital].

PMID- 1211271
TI  - [Personality study on a group of nurses in intensive care units].

PMID- 1211272
TI  - [Capgras' syndrome. Consideration on 2 cases].

PMID- 1211273
TI  - Hydroa vacciniforme.

PMID- 1211274
TI  - [Sturge-Weber-Schirmer's syndrome].

PMID- 1211275
TI  - ["Collodion baby" with development of posterior laminar ichthyosis].

PMID- 1211276
TI  - [Idiopathic progressive atrophodermia of Pasini Pierini].

PMID- 1211277
TI  - [Kaposi's sarcoma with multiple cutaneous lesions in the extremities].

PMID- 1211278
TI  - [Cutaneous Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1211279
TI  - [Systemic lupus erythematosus with skin manifestations of exudative erythema
      multiforme].

PMID- 1211281
TI  - [The arteriography of the external carotid artery in stomatology].

PMID- 1211280
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of gonococcsis].

PMID- 1211282
TI  - [Reflections about drug therapy in periodontology].

PMID- 1211283
TI  - [The protection of the first permanent molars during childhood and adolescence].

PMID- 1211284
TI  - [A case of maxillary sinusitis of dental origin].

PMID- 1211285
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of hereditary dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 1211286
TI  - Influence of nerve impulse on enzyme synthesis in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1211287
TI  - Control of enzyme activity through regulation of three-dimensional structure of
      proteins: studies on pyruvate kinase.

PMID- 1211288
TI  - Synergistic action of glucagon and insulin in regulation of hepatic regeneration.

PMID- 1211289
TI  - The effect of urethan on cyclic events in the regenerating rat liver.

PMID- 1211290
TI  - Glucogenic substrate levels in fasting man.

PMID- 1211292
TI  - The role of chemical equilibria in organ function.

PMID- 1211291
TI  - Origins of regulatory behavior.

PMID- 1211293
TI  - Systemic effect of the tumor on the host: biochemical and endocrine
      manifestations.

PMID- 1211294
TI  - Enzyme kinetics and combination chemotherapy: an appraisal of current concepts.

PMID- 1211295
TI  - Southeast Asia operational aeromedical support: lessons learned.

PMID- 1211296
TI  - The Exe Vale joint psycho-geriatric assessment unit (Hallett Clinic).

PMID- 1211297
TI  - Plasma elastase levels in the elderly.
AB  - Plasma elastase levels were estimated in 190 patients of both sexes above the age
      of 65 with the exception of one male subject with prostatic carcinoma who was 51
      years of age. There was no significant rise of fall in the elastase levels in
      subjects above the age of 65, nor was there any difference between the sexes.
      Higher values compared with the rest of the population were obtained in those
      subjects with arterial disease and/or cardiac disease. Subjects with
      cerebrovascular disease had higher values than those with cardiovascular disease.
      Very low values were obtained in patients suffering from malignant disease,
      especially carcinoma of the prostate.

PMID- 1211298
TI  - Grading of functional recovery from strokes.

PMID- 1211299
TI  - Bed blocking by elderly patients in general-hospital wards.
AB  - A point prevalence survey, using a questionnaire, was performed in three general
      hospitals to investigate the problem of elderly patients blocking acute-hospital
      beds. A total of 1010 occupied general beds were surveyed and all patients, over
      the age of 60 years, who had been in hospital more than four weeks, and who, in
      the opinion of medical and nursing staff, were no longer in need of the
      facilities of a general hospital, were investigated. Forty-eight patients (4.8
      per cent of the total) were found to be genuinely in bed inappropriate to their
      needs. Rehabilitation, together with assessment of these patients, appeared
      disorganized and lacked consistency, and decisions regarding suitable 'disposal'
      appeared to be made without sufficient consultation and conformed to no
      detectable pattern. The main reason for the continuing bed occupancy of the
      patients was the length of the waiting lists for alternative residential
      accommodation and the main single medical factor preventing discharge home or to
      a hostel was the problem of mobility. By interviewing staff and patients and
      scrutinizing the questionnaires, it was found that 23 patients (48 per cent) were
      only suitable for transfer to a long-stay hospital. Of these, however, 15 (31 per
      cent) could be placed in specialized accommodation if some degree of nursing
      care, at present not available, was provided.

PMID- 1211300
TI  - Reviews after one and five years in a longitudinal study of ageing persons.
AB  - A simple random sample of older people composed of 215 men and 272 women aged 62
      years and over was examined in Edinburgh in 1968-9. After one year, 86 per cent
      of the men and 79 per cent of the women were re-examined; 7 per cent of the men
      and 4 per cent of the women had died and the remainder were not re-examined for
      various reasons, mainly refusal. After five years, 53 per cent of the men and 54
      per cent of the women were re-examined; 36 per cent of the men and 22 per cent of
      the women had died and the remainder were not re-examined mainly because of
      various types of refusal. Causes of death resembled in frequency and sex
      differences those reported by the Registrar General. Methods used in tracing and
      improving cooperation of subjects are described.

PMID- 1211301
TI  - Control of warfarin therapy in the elderly.
AB  - Eighty patients over 65 years old with satisfactory coagulation control with
      Warfarin were selected and analysed to determine factors predictive of dose. Age
      followed by urea were the important predictors. Albumin, globulin, sex, weight
      and T3 uptake were not significant factors. It is concluded that care should be
      taken when Warfarin is given to older patients, particularly those with high
      blood-urea levels.

PMID- 1211302
TI  - A cheap but accurate caliper for metacarpal cortical indices.

PMID- 1211303
TI  - The appearance of the small bowel mucosa in old age.

PMID- 1211304
TI  - Causes for reduced dietary intake in a long-stay hospital.
AB  - The food and nutrient intake of 98 patients in a long-stay geriatric hospital was
      measured. Intakes of nicotinic acid and iron were reduced in patients requiring
      help with feeding because of physical disability. This was related to a reduced
      intake of meat and fish, bread and vegetables other than potatoes. A more
      generalized reduction in food and nutrient intakes was found in patients with
      severe mental impairment. Possible causes and remedies for these associations are
      discussed.

PMID- 1211305
TI  - The identification of the medical and social needs of the elderly in the
      community: a pilot survey.
AB  - A pilot study, covering 237 old people over the age of 75 years, was carried out
      by two Health Visitors in a Group Practice. Medical and social needs were
      tabulated and the amount of health visiting time calculated for such a service in
      a Health Board area covering a total population of 330 000.

PMID- 1211306
TI  - The mechanism whereby growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone (somatostatin)
      inhibits food stimulated gastric acid secretion in the cat.
AB  - Growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone (somatostatin) inhibits the gastric
      acid response to food in concious cats. We have confirmed that this
      tetradecapeptide blocks the food stimulated gastrin release. However, the
      inhibition of gastrin release is delayed relative to that of acid secretion,
      &howing that the inhibition of food stimulated acid secretion is by primary
      effect on the acid secretory mechanism. No evidence was found of potentiation of
      either the gastric acid output or serum concentration of gastric in response to
      food.

PMID- 1211307
TI  - An anti-inflammatory substance in normal human plasma.
AB  - A substance of low molecular weight, below 1000 daltons, has been separated from
      normal human plasma by a stepwise process involving ultrafiltration followed by
      column chromatography. The spectrum of anti-inflammatory activity of the active
      fraction in a variety of animal models shows that it is most active in situations
      in which the emigration of circulating leucocytes plays the more prominent role.
      The fraction exerts a selective action on the release of chemotactic factors
      after the activation in vitro of the complement cascade by the alternate but not
      by the classical pathway. The existence of the plasma fraction raises several
      interesting queries. Is it part of the naturally occurring control mechanisms in
      inflammation? What is its relevance to human disease, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis,
      and do conventional antirheumatic drugs interact with it? Does its lack of
      activity against chemical mediators of inflammation and their generating systems
      throw any light on the importance of these materials in inflammatory reactions?

PMID- 1211308
TI  - Changes in cellular enzyme levels and the inhibition of selective release of
      lysosomal hydrolases from macrophages by indomethacin.
AB  - Indomethacin increases the cellular levels of several lysosomal enzymes in
      cultures of mouse peritoneal macrophages exposed to the drug for periods of time
      ranging from one day to four weeks. This increase can be blocked by puromycin, an
      inhibitor of protein synthesis. Pretreatment of macrophages with indomethacin
      inhibits the selective release of lysosomal enzymes induced by a C
      mucopolysaccharide peptidoglycan complex purified from the cell walls of Group A
      streptococci.

PMID- 1211310
TI  - Enhancement of carrageenin foot oedema by 1,10 -phenanthroline and evidence for
      the bradykinin as endogenous mediator.
AB  - Carrageenin oedema in enhanced by the simultaneous injection in the rat paw of
      1,10-phenanthroline, a kininase inhibitor. The analysis of the time-course of
      this enhancement showed that the maximal effect was observed about 3 hours after
      the injection. This enhancement was also present when the oedema-producing agent
      was cellulose sulphate, a kinin-releasing compound. On the contrary, oedema
      induced by eggwhite as well as by dextran, which are mainly mediated by histamine
      and 5-hydroxytryptamine, were unaffected by 1,10-phenanthroline. These results
      further support the role of kinins in the pathogenesis of carrageenin oedema.

PMID- 1211309
TI  - Inhibiting effects of morphine, chloroquine, nonsteroidal and steroidal anti
      inflammatory drugs on electrically-induced contractions of guinea-pig ileum and
      the reversing effect of prostaglandins.
AB  - Twelve different non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), five steroidal
      antinflammatory drugs, morphine and chloroquine have been added at various
      concentrations to in vitro electrically-stimulated preparations of guinea-pig
      ileum. They all inhibit the electrically-induced contractions. Prostaglandins E
      as well as nicotine reverse this inhibition. These reversing effects are less
      evident on totally inhibiting drug concentrations than on partially inhibiting
      drug concentrations. It is suggested that this inhibiting effect could be due
      mostly to nervous as well as muscular membrane permeability changes induced by
      these drugs and not to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis which could be only
      proposed as partial explanation for NSAID effects. The reversing action of
      nicotine could be related to a release of acetylcholine while a sensitization of
      guinea-pig ileum smooth muscle to acetylcholine could explain the reversing
      properties of prostaglandins.

PMID- 1211311
TI  - The response of the newborn rat to intraleural dextran: vascular and cellular
      aspects.
AB  - The development of hind paw oedema, in response to dextran injected in to the
      pleural cavity of rats, has been shown to differ with the age of rat studied. It
      was found that newborn rats were less responsive than adults, with respect to
      oedema formation induced by dextran. Attempts to suppress the dextran-indu.ced
      foot oedema using mepyramine and cyproheptadine, were successful only in rats
      from the adult age group. A semiquantitative analysis was made of the
      inflammatory cellular exudate produced by the intrapleural injection of dextran
      into rats of different ages. In contrast to the reaction of adult rats, it was
      found that accumulation of polymorphs in the pleura of newborn animals was
      delayed. The polymorph was the dominant cell type found in exudates induced
      either by intrapleural saline or dextran, in rats from the 6-hour age group. This
      contrasted strikingly with comparable exudates induced in adult rats, whose major
      cell type was the mononuclear cell (after saline), and the polymorph, followed by
      the mononuclear cell (after dextran). Fewer cells were observed in the reaction
      of 6-hour-old rats, compared with 7-day-old animals following intrapleural
      injection of the same volume of a 6-percent solution of dextran.

PMID- 1211312
TI  - Effect of calcitonin on carrageenan foot oedema.
AB  - The effect of salmon calcitonin (SCT) on acute inflammation was tested in
      carrageenan induced foot oedema of the rat. A considerable inhibition of the
      oedema was obtained with 20 MRC U/kg of SCT. The injection of SCT is followed by
      decrease of calcemia. A hypothesis of possible inhibition of prostaglandin (PG)
      synthesis and/or release, caused by decrease of calcemia, is advanced.

PMID- 1211313
TI  - Some special respiratory effects of CO2 in pigeons.
AB  - Injections of CO2-gas have been made into an abdominal air-sac of pigeons. The
      resulting alterations of respiratory rate and of breathing efforts are dose
      dependent and easily reproducible. The receptive zones for these effects do not
      seem to be located in the air-way system itself; they may be in the respiratory
      center. Some data provide further evidence for the assumption that the
      ventilation of the abdominal air-sacs is mainly one-directional, from outside to
      gas-exchange compartments. Panting increases the ventilation of the abdominal air
      sacs.

PMID- 1211315
TI  - The systematic appraisal of cellular injury.
AB  - From a study of the ultrastructural effects of numerous injuries agents on
      cultured kidney and liver cells, a check-list has been drawn up which summarizes
      all of the changes observed in subcellular components. The checklist resembles a
      multiple-choice test. Its use would permit greater standardization among workers
      reporting ultrastructural alterations observed in injured cells. It would also
      increase the objectivity with which cell injury can be assessed by electron
      microscopy. The checklist is suitable for use in computer-based programs designed
      to characterize types of cellular injury and for seeking correlations in
      ultrastructural changes arising from different forms of treatment.

PMID- 1211314
TI  - Effects of seven anthracycline antibiotics on electrocardiogram and mitochondrial
      function of rat hearts.
AB  - Daunomycin, adriamycin and 5 semisynthetic anthracycline antibiotics inhibited
      oxygen consumption or ATP production of rat heart mitochondria in vitro. The no
      effect levels varied depending on the substrate used and ranged from 1 nmole per
      mg mitochondrial protein. Mitochondrial functions were also studied in hearts of
      rats treated with repeated i.p. injections of the 7 antibiotics. Decrease in
      oxygen consumption without change in ATP production was observed with adriamycin
      and NSC-149584. Daunomycin, NSC-164011, NSC-143496 NSC-143114 affected primarily
      ATP production. The most potent compounds were daunomycin and adriamycin which
      damaged mitochondrial function at cummulative doses of approximately 10 mg/kg.
      ECGs were monitored in groups of equally treated rats. Cardiotoxicity manifested
      itself by progressive widening of the QRS complex often followed by the
      development of a S-wave trough. The most toxic compounds also induced
      intraventricular block, bradycardia and heart failure. The development of the ECG
      changes showed a good correlation with the impairment of mitochondrial function.

PMID- 1211316
TI  - [Rehabilitation program in patients with obstructive-destructive lung disease
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211317
TI  - [Practical possibilities of readaptation and occupational rehabilitation for the
      persons suffering from breathlessness. Long-term results (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211319
TI  - [Immunological prevention of bronchial infectious crisis among the persons
      suffering from chronic bronchitis. Theoretical bases and practical applications
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211318
TI  - [Survey after rehabilitation of patients with a chronic obstructive pulmonary
      disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211320
TI  - [Physical re-education for the persons suffering from chronic bronchitis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211323
TI  - [Proceedings: The effect of revalidation on the physical capacities of cardiac
      patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211322
TI  - [Influence of functional re-education on heart haemodynamic among the
      convalescents of coronary thrombosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211324
TI  - [Rehabilitation of pulmonary patients: Final synthesis].

PMID- 1211325
TI  - Selenium and zinc concentrations in kidney, liver and muscle of cattle from
      different parts of Norway.

PMID- 1211321
TI  - [Results of the medicosocial assistance of persons suffering from chronic
      obstructive bronchopneumopathy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211327
TI  - Prevention of milk fever (hypocalcemic paresis puerperalis) by dietary salt
      supplements.

PMID- 1211326
TI  - 5alpha-androstenone in fat from boars selected for rate of gain and thickness of
      back fat, and from boars used in artificial insemination service.

PMID- 1211328
TI  - Renal excretion of urea in reindeer. Effect of nutrition.

PMID- 1211329
TI  - Agarose gel electrophoretic separation of blood serum proteins in cattle.

PMID- 1211330
TI  - Renal excretion of digoxin in swine and goats.

PMID- 1211331
TI  - The diagnostic value of plasma selenium estimations of blood samples collected in
      conjunction with exsanguination of swine.

PMID- 1211332
TI  - Language development of two deaf children.

PMID- 1211333
TI  - An examination of deaf students' Wechsler performance subtest scores.

PMID- 1211335
TI  - Experiential deprivation: a response.

PMID- 1211334
TI  - Experiential deprivation: unresolved factor in the impoverished socialization of
      deaf school children in residence.

PMID- 1211336
TI  - Assessment and instruction: don't push the hard-of-hearing child into the pit!

PMID- 1211337
TI  - Literature can live through signs.

PMID- 1211338
TI  - Speech detection thresholds and comfortable loudness levels for speech in
      children with limited hearing.

PMID- 1211339
TI  - A child has a hearing loss: reporting the diagnosis of handicaps in children and
      its impact on parents.

PMID- 1211340
TI  - An investigation of the self-concept of expressive language of thirty adolescent
      hearing impaired students using the Q-sort technique.

PMID- 1211341
TI  - Current manpower and employment opportunities in the field of industrial hygiene.

PMID- 1211342
TI  - A new mass sensor for respirable dust measurement.
AB  - A new portable instrument measures mass concentration in the 100 mug/m3 range of
      airborne dust particles smaller than 10 mum. An electrostatic precipitator
      desposits particles as small as 0.01 mum onto a piezoelectric micro-balance
      sensor. The instrument utilizes digital readout and a built-in sensor cleaner.

PMID- 1211343
TI  - Elevated urinary phenol levels not related to benzene exposure.
AB  - Two common over-the-counter medications may elevate urinary phenol to levels
      exceeding 75 mg/liter (ppm). This study presents data indicating that it is
      invalid to correct urinary phenol levels to specific gravity of 1.024. Animal
      studies indicate that having elevated urinary phenol levels secondary to phenyl
      salicylate ingestion are not harmful.

PMID- 1211344
TI  - The rapid counting and sizing of fibers in a mixture using an IITRI-modified
      coulter counter.
AB  - Fibers can be counted and sized in the presence of other particle shapes using a
      modified Coulter Counter tube. With the modifications, only particles of a pre
      selected projected area reach the sensor. Since particle volume is sensed,
      particles with volumes greater than the unit volume corresponding to the
      projected area are fibers.

PMID- 1211346
TI  - Erroneous vapor pressure data.

PMID- 1211345
TI  - An extractive method for determination of benzene in blood by gas chromatography.
AB  - A gas chromatographic procedure has been developed using toluene extraction for
      the analysis of benzene in hemolyzed blood. No sample incubation is required and
      only small quantities of blood (0.2 to 0.5 g) are needed. Levels as low as 0.5
      mug benzene per gram of blood have been determined.

PMID- 1211348
TI  - NIOSH/OSHA development of supplemental health standards.

PMID- 1211347
TI  - Statistical methods for determining non-compliance.

PMID- 1211349
TI  - A simple method for the measurement of carbonyl sulfide in the presence of
      hydrogen sulphide.

PMID- 1211350
TI  - A remote generator control for in-place filter testing.

PMID- 1211351
TI  - Evacuated refrigerant container as a source of vacuum for air sampling.

PMID- 1211352
TI  - A chlorine gas concentration monitor.

PMID- 1211353
TI  - Community noise criteria.
AB  - In the fields of community noise abatement and municipal planning, there are new
      requirements to define an environment of varying noise level by a single number
      rating method that correlates well with the subjective response of human beings.
      Typical criteria, either in use of proposed, are LN numbers (noise levels
      exceeded N% of the time), Leq (the equivalent sound level in dB(A) ), LNP (the
      Noise Pollution Level), and Ldn (the day-night average sound level in dB(A) ).
      Instruments available include an environmental noise classifier, a statistical
      distribution analyzer/recorder combination, and a digital sampling system for
      field measurements for subsequent interrogation by a programmable calculator.

PMID- 1211354
TI  - Calibration of low velocity windtunnels (0-300 fpm).

PMID- 1211355
TI  - Adapting the noise dosimeter to extended workdays.

PMID- 1211356
TI  - An aerosol generator of high stability.
AB  - This paper reports on the use of a syringe pump to provide a constant liquid flow
      to an atomizer to obtain an aerosol generator of high stability. This syringe
      pump atomizer has also been used with a vaporizer-condenser to generate
      monodisperse DOP (di-octyl phthalate) aerosols in the 0.032 to 1 mum diameter
      range.

PMID- 1211357
TI  - Calibration of mercury vapor monitors by permeation.
AB  - The permeation system described provides constant concentrations of mercury in
      air. They can be selected at will and introduced into one or more of the
      instruments to be calibrated. The concentration of mercury in the permeation
      stream is simultaneously reocrded by a reference ultraviolet photometer.

PMID- 1211359
TI  - Steady state respiratory responses to tasks used in Federal testing of self
      contained breathing apparatus.
AB  - A portion of Title 30, Part II, CFR calls for a Man Test, which is a series of
      regimens performed with a breathing apparatus. The respiratory responses to the
      tasks in the Man Test were established on coal miners and students. Based on
      these responses, the minimal metabolic requirements were derived for the use of
      breathing apparatuses with a service life of 30 minutes or more.

PMID- 1211358
TI  - Control of cobalt exposures during wet process tungsten carbide grinding.
AB  - Pneumoconiosis has been reported in tungsten carbide manufacture; past studies
      have suggested that adverse cobalt exposures may occur from wet process tungsten
      carbide grinding. This study shows that wet process tungsten carbide grinding
      without local exhaust can cause adverse cobalt exposures. Controls are
      summarized.

PMID- 1211360
TI  - A piezoelectric crystal dosimeter for monitoring mercury vapor in industrial
      atmospheres.
AB  - A personal dosimeter for mercury vapor in air based on the use of a piezoelectric
      sensor with a selective coating has been developed and evaluated. The sensor is a
      gravimetric device which indicates an integrated total exposure to mercury vapor.

PMID- 1211361
TI  - Effects of fluorocarbons 11 and 12 on tracheobronchial particle deposition and
      clearance in donkeys.
AB  - Donkeys were exposed to trichlorofluoromethane (FC11), dichlorodifluoromethane
      (FC12) and an equivolume mixture of the two to determine their effects on
      tracheobronchial particle deposition and mucociliary clearance. There was no
      statistically significant evidence of changes beyond those variations observed in
      corresponding air control tests.

PMID- 1211362
TI  - A statistical analysis of asbestos fiber counting in the laboratory and
      industrial environment.
AB  - The reproducibility of standard fiber counts in the laboratory and four
      industrial plants is discussed in detail. Under field conditions the standard
      deviation of the results varied between 0.4-1.2 f/ml. Under ideal laboratory
      conditions the standard deviations of the counts were approximately 0.2 f/ml. It
      is concluded that the standard method is sufficiently precise for industrial
      measurements.

PMID- 1211363
TI  - Inhalation toxicity of hexamethylphosphoramide.

PMID- 1211364
TI  - Hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA).

PMID- 1211366
TI  - E.T.A. Hoffmann's The Sandman: the fictional psycho-biography of a romantic poet.

PMID- 1211365
TI  - Letter: Sidium chloride aerosol penetration of respirator filters.

PMID- 1211368
TI  - A light and electron microscopic study on the embryonic development of the rat
      carotid body.
AB  - The embryonic development of the rat carotid body was studied with electron
      microscopy. In the 11 mm embryo a cell aggregation consisting of undifferentiated
      cells and unmyelinated nerve fibers appears on the anterior wall of the third
      branchial artery. Granule-containing cells appear in the 12 mm embryo and
      continue to increase in number as the cellular aggregation increases in size and
      becomes separated from the wall of the third branchial artery. Synapse formation
      and the appearance of fenestrated capillaries occur almost simultaneously at the
      17 mm stage. There are two types of synapses, one with membrane densification and
      vesicles clustered inside the nerve endings, the other with dense material and
      vesicles inside the granule-containing cells. At the 20 mm stage the
      undifferentiated cells send enveloping cytoplasmic processes toward adjacent
      granule-containing cells and the carotid body anlage displays rudimentary
      lobules.

PMID- 1211367
TI  - Cortical cytoplasm and configurational changes of RGC-6 cells exposed to
      cytochalasin B.
AB  - RGC-6 cells, grown to confluency in monolayer cultures, are typically fusiform.
      In sections of these cells, fixed in situ and examined in the electron
      microscope, a discontinuous zone of cortical cytoplasm (5-4 nm wide), was found
      subjacent to the plasma membrane of the free surface. It was composed largely of
      5-7 nm microfilaments distributed in an apparently irregular network and appeared
      to comprise a discrete zone separating the plasma membrane from the underlying
      endoplasm. Following incubation with cytodhalasin B (5 mug/ml), the configuration
      of the cells changed markedly. The perikaryal cytoplasm appeared to swell, while
      the cellular processes became attenuated and often terminated in flower-like
      tips. Although more discontinuous and somewhat less dense, the fine structure of
      the cortical cytoplasm appeared little affected by incubation with cytochalasin B
      for one hour. By 48 hours no zone of cortical cytoplasm was found.
      Subplasmalemmal microfilaments were no longer identifiable and endoplasmic
      organelles were found in direct contact with the plasma membrane of the free
      surface, which appeared to have collapsed onto the underlying endoplasm. The
      change in cell configuration resulting from exposure to cytochalasin B occurred
      at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C, suggesting a dependency on metabolic
      activity. It did not, however, appeared related directly to protein synthesis.
      Whereas incorporation of 3H-leucine was decreased to 46.9% and 62.9% of control
      values after one hour or two hours exposure to cytochalasin B, respectively, no
      change was found after 24 or 48 hours. It is suggested that the effect of
      cytochalasin B on cell form, which appeared not to be a direct effect on either
      protein synthesis or subplasmalemmal microfilaments, may represent a primary
      response of the cortical cytoplasmic matrix.

PMID- 1211370
TI  - Letter: Use of the term odontogenic organ.

PMID- 1211369
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of normal rat liver: the surface structure of its
      cells and tissue components.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allows the surface ultrastructure of
      intrahepatic cells and other tissue components of liver to be delineated.
      Excellent depth of focus of the SEM makes it possible to visualize surfaces of
      intact cells in their native configurations. This report details the surface
      characteristics and inter-relationships of hepatocytes and hepatic plates,
      sinusoidal endothelial cells and sinusoids, presumed Kupffer cells, vessels, bile
      ducts, connective tissue, and the capsule of rat liver. Hepatocytes present three
      structurally distinctive faces--the intercellular face containing flat surfaces
      and bile canaliculus, the sinusoidal face, and the connective tissue face which
      abuts portal tracts and hepatic veins. Sinusoidal endothelium is penetrated by
      large (1 to 3 mum) and small (0.1 mum) fenestrae, the latter occurring in
      clusters of up to 50. The width of bile canaliculi and distribution of large
      fenestrae vary proximodistally along hepatic plate or sinusoid. The cells of
      portal bile ductules contain microvilli located in linear rows and sparse cilia.
      Endothelium of hepatic artery and of portal vein is sparsely fenestrated.

PMID- 1211371
TI  - Morphological diversity of oocytes released from the adult mouse ovary.
AB  - This study was designed to classify and differentiate the population of oocytes
      released from the mouse ovary by mechanical means. Liberated oocytes were
      classified on the basis of their number, size and by the nature of the attachment
      of follicle cells to these oocytes. Microscopical examination of oocytes
      mechanically released from the ovaries revealed three distinct morphological
      classifications of oocytes: (1) those completely devoid of follicle cells, (2)
      those encased in follicle cells and (3) those in the process of degeneration.
      Ooxytes ranged in size from approximatley 30mu to 119mu. Those oocytes surrounded
      by follicle cells could be further subdivided into two groups depending on
      whether the follicle cells could be mechanically removed from the oocyte. These
      data demonstrate that the adult ovary contains a variety of classes of oocytes
      which differ in size and in the extent to which the follicle cells are attached
      to the oocytes. It is suggested that the metabolic activities and meiotic
      potnetials of the various oocyte populations differ and as a result, care should
      be employed to insure a uniform population of oocytes when conducting further
      studies sith mechanically liberated oocytes.

PMID- 1211372
TI  - Organ culture of osteopetrotic (ia) rat bone: evidence that the defect is
      cellular.
AB  - Calvarial bone from osteopetrotic (ia) rats and normal littermates has been
      cultured in a chemically defined medium supplemented with homologous serum to
      test for the presence of inhibitors or the absence of promoters of bone
      resorption in mutant serum. In addition, the response of mutant and normal bone
      to parathyroid extract and hydrocortisone was tested in vitro. The results
      indicate that mutant and normal serum do not differ with respect to their ability
      to support bone resorption and that ia bone responds to hydrocortisone but not
      parathyroid extract in organ culture. These data indicate that the skeletal
      defect in ia rats is not humoral but cellular.

PMID- 1211373
TI  - Junctions between sinusoidal endothelial cells in fetal rat liver.
AB  - During a freeze-fracture study of tight junctions in fetal rat liver (Montesano
      et al., '75) unusual patterns of intramembranous particles were observed in
      regions of contact between sinusoidal endothelial cells. These patterns were
      mainly represented by arrays of particles, often associated with linear
      elevations or crests in the membrane A-face; they may represent abortive forms of
      tight junctions.

PMID- 1211374
TI  - Ultrastructural evidence for the uptake of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine in the frog's
      gustatory cell.
AB  - The fungiform papillae of the frog were examined electron-microscopically after a
      single injection of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT). Thirty minutes after 5.6
      DHT injection, numerous vesicles partially occupied with dark material were found
      in the cytoplasm of gustatory cell processes. Three days after the drug
      treatment, the majority of vesicles were completely filled with dark material so
      that their limiting membrane became obscure, while the terminal portions of
      gustatory cells showed no evidence for fine structural alteration indicative of
      drug retention. In addition, clear vacuoles, suggesting a degenerative change
      induced by the uptake of the neurotoxic agent, occurred in the cytoplasm of
      gustatory cell processes. It is suggested that the uptake of 5.6-DHT in gustatory
      cells may reflect the presence of an indoleamine, probably 5-hydroxytryptamine
      (serotonin).

PMID- 1211375
TI  - Vinblastine-induced microtubular paracrystals in prolactin cells of anterior
      pituitary gland of lactating rats.
AB  - Vinblastine sulfate in physiological saline was injected directly into the
      pituitary glands of lactating rats. Injections were made through the ear canal
      using a syringe equipped with a 24-gauge needle. The animals were killed at 2, 4,
      or 6 hours after the injections. When the anterior pituitary glands were examined
      by electron microscopy, many microtubular paracrystalline deposits were seen in
      the prolactin and growth hormone cells. The usual cytoplasmic microtubules and
      microfilaments were not seen in the cytoplasm of these cells. Granular extrusion
      (exocytosis) was markedly depressed, and an accumulation of secretory granules
      was definitely observed in the prolactin cells after the administration of
      vinblastine.

PMID- 1211376
TI  - The resurgence of heroin abuse in the District of Columbia.
AB  - Prospectively collected drug abuse trend surveillance data suggest that the rate
      of heroin use in Washington, D.C. is rising following a two year decline in the
      magnitude of this problem. Supportive data include increased potency of street
      level heroin, increased numbers of heroin-related deaths, increased detection of
      heroin positive urine specimens in the D.C. Superior Court arrestee population,
      increased demand for addiction treatment services and rising property crime
      rates. Increased prevalence of heroin use has not yet been associated with an
      increase in incidence, suggesting that former heroin users have begun to use once
      again following a period of abstinence. Analysis of heroin specimens seized
      across the United States suggests that cities formerly dependant upon European
      (white) heroin have now developed a new heroin distribution system which supplies
      Mexican (brown) heroin. This has offset the reduction in heroin use observed
      during 1972-1973 concomitant with the East Coast heroin shortage and widespread
      introduction of addiction treatment services.

PMID- 1211377
TI  - Social sanctions and rituals as a basis for drug abuse prevention.
AB  - This paper will report on preliminary findings of an on-going study of
      "controlled" use of marihuana, psychedelics, and opiates which point to the
      possibility of minimizing the social costs of illicit drug use via social
      control. This study, sponsored by The Drug Abuse Council, Inc., a non-profit
      private foundation, shows that despite the lack of larger cultural support for
      controlled illicit drug use and other obstacles, users are able to develop and
      maintain moderate, long-term, nonabusive, i.e., controlled, drug-using patterns.
      We will show that these patterns are primarily supported by the development of
      social drug-using situations in which sanctions and rituals permit use while
      condemning abuse. In the discussion, we will compare the management of controlled
      use in our sample to the larger culture's handling of alcohol.

PMID- 1211378
TI  - Studying addicts over time: methodology and preliminary findings.

PMID- 1211379
TI  - Psychiatric evaluation services to court referred drug users.
AB  - This paper reports on the description and outcome of one hundred youthful drug
      abusers referred from family court for psychiatric evaluation and treatment
      recommendation. The average referral, both male and female, was a 16-year-old
      white Catholic from a middle class background who was diagnosed as having a
      personality disorder. Significantly more males than females showed pathology in
      early childhood such as behavior problems in school and hyperactivity. Follow-up
      data collected up to 6 months after evaluation and treatment recommendation
      indicated that approximately half of the clients showed improvement in terms of
      work and/or school adjustment, social relations, and drug use.

PMID- 1211381
TI  - The impact of peer pressure on the verbally expressed drug attitudes of male
      college students.
AB  - Peer pressure was shown to have a powerful influence on the verbally expressed
      drug attitudes of the undergraduate male sample. Subjects exposed to a group
      which consistently espoused either conservative (anti-drug) or liberal (pro-drug)
      attitudes toward the personal use of drug were highly likely to conform to the
      groups' attitudinal norms (p less than 0.001). Effects of natural peer groups are
      discussed along with recommendations for primary prevention programming and
      further research.

PMID- 1211380
TI  - Simulations in drug training.
AB  - A simulation over a five-day period allowing clinicians to become patients and
      apply what they experience is presented as a vehicle from which important
      learning can take place to help clinicians function better within clinical work
      environments. The simulation gave clinical trainers and trainees in the drug
      field mutually shared experiences that were understood and applied to real work
      situations through discussions, lectures, and presentations. Clinicians had the
      opportunity to understand how therapeutic structures affect individuals through
      experiencing the structures as recipients of service.

PMID- 1211382
TI  - Problem drinkers among patients on methadone.
AB  - Among 212 former heroin users maintained on methadone, the authors identified 27%
      as problem drinkers. The problem drinkers were found remarkably similar to other
      patients on methadone in personal and treatment characteristics. They differed
      significantly from other patients in only three respects: the problem drinkers
      worked more frequently at manual labor, they had more evidence of liver disease,
      and they appeared more depressed. All subjects showed more depression than normal
      controls. This finding with evidence from other studies of depression among
      opioid users suggests that depression may serve as an important etiological
      factor in chronic opioid use.

PMID- 1211383
TI  - The time to combine: epidemiological similarities of the use and abuse of alcohol
      and other drugs.

PMID- 1211384
TI  - Plasma testosterone levels in healthy male marijuana smokers.
AB  - Plasma testosterone, FSH, and LH levels were obtained from 25 healthy consecutive
      heterosexual male mauijuana smoking university students. All values were within
      the range of normal and the means did not differ significantly from those of 13
      normal controls. These data suggest that the casual marijuana smoker (at least
      one time weekly with an average of 5.1 joints per week) may have plasma
      testosterone levels which are normal for the time of day and the laboratory.

PMID- 1211386
TI  - Leiomyosarcoma of the colon exclusive of the rectum.
AB  - Five cases of leiomyosarcoma of the colon are presented along with a review of
      the literature. In our cases the presenting symptoms and signs included abdominal
      pain, diarrhea, weight loss, blood in stools and abdominal mass. Anemia was
      present in four cases. Roentgenologically, an intraluminal tumor with obstruction
      was found in two cases, paralytic ileum in one and two cases were reported as
      "negative". At surgery there were peritoneal implants in three cases, metastases
      to the liver in two cases and perforation of the tumor in one case. Only
      diagnostic or palliative surgery was performed in all cases. All patients died of
      tumor within 15 months. The clinicopathological findings are similar to those
      reported by others in patients with extensive disease.

PMID- 1211385
TI  - Two autopsy cases of diffuse gastrointestinal polyposis with ectodermal changes.
      Cronkhite-Canada syndrome.
AB  - Two autopsy cases of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome were reported. The caused of
      hypoproteinemia, electrolyte imbalance and ectodermal changes were discussed with
      reference to previously reported cases. The mechanism of protein loss was
      probably due to outflow into the intestinal lumen of the mucous substance in the
      cystically dilated glands, directly and/or indirectly followed by loss of mucosal
      surface. Electrolyte imbalance probably developed from gastrointestinal loss as
      well as poor substitution. The ectodermal changes were probably not a subsequent
      part of the emaciation or hypoproteinemis, but an inherent part of this disease.
      Therapy, whether substitution or surgical procedure, should be selected in order
      to control the general condition of the patient.

PMID- 1211387
TI  - Gastrointestinal phytobezoars in Africans.
AB  - Fourteen gastrointestinal phytobezoars are presented. There have not been
      previous reports in Africans. Eleven were gastric and mimicked wither peptic
      ulceration or carcinoma of the stomach. The classical barium meal appearance of a
      mobile filing defect was present in the majority but a confident diagnois of
      carcinoma of the stomach was made in two cases in whom fiberoptic endoscopy
      established the correct diagnoisis. The bezoars were composed of vegatable
      material from either a tuber or rhizome. Three ileal bezoars presented with acute
      intestinal obstruction; two were probably the result of incompletely masticated
      maize porridge.

PMID- 1211388
TI  - Enzymatic softening and endoscopic destruction of a phytobezoar in an unoperated
      stomach.
AB  - A phytobenzoar formed in an intact stomach due to the excessive intake of citrus
      fruit. This was successfully treated by the combined use on a multienzyme
      preparation to soften it followed by its endoscopic destruction.

PMID- 1211389
TI  - Fecalith of the cecum.

PMID- 1211390
TI  - The radiology corner colonic endometriosis: roentgen studies with a five-year
      follow-up.

PMID- 1211391
TI  - Letter: Accreditation of pharmacy residencies.

PMID- 1211393
TI  - Letter: Volume control sets and incompatibilities.

PMID- 1211392
TI  - Letter: Judgmental questions and drug information centers.

PMID- 1211394
TI  - Editorial: Solving problems associated with large-volume parenterals, II: A
      hospital surveillance and reporting system.

PMID- 1211395
TI  - Editorial: Peripheral vasodilators.

PMID- 1211396
TI  - Editorial: Economics of drug brand standardization by hospitals.

PMID- 1211397
TI  - Potential economic effets of a brand standardization policy in a 1000-bed
      hospital.
AB  - The potential economic effects of a brand standardization policy on 50 multiple
      source, nonproprietary drugs in a 1000-bed hospital which uses a unit dose drug
      distribution system were studied. Inpatient drug usage cost and inpatient drug
      inventory cost for the year 1974 were compared under the existing nonformulary
      system and a simulated formulary system of brand standardization. Drug usage cost
      was defined as expenditures made by the study hospital for drugs which were
      administered. Drug inventory cost was defined as the dollar value of drug
      inventory being stored for use in the hospital. Potential saving in excess of
      $35,000 for drug usage cost and $9,000 for drug inventory cost could have been
      realized with a brand standardization policy on 50 nonprietary drugs. The
      differences in costs were significant at the 0.005 level. It is concluded that a
      brand standardization policy can be effective means of reducing drug usage cost
      and drug inventory cost in a large hospital.

PMID- 1211398
TI  - Recommended system for surveillance and reporting of problems with large-volume
      parenterals in hospitals.
AB  - Recommendations regarding the detection, confirmation and notification of
      problems associated with the use of large-volume parenterals at the hospital
      level are presented. The recommendations are given in a stepwise manner, and
      include graphic outlines of the evaluation and reporting processes for both
      product- and patient-signaled problems associated with large-volume parenterals.
      It is recommended that each hospital appoint a product control officer who would
      coordinate the hospital's reporting of large-volume parenteral problems.

PMID- 1211399
TI  - Disaster alert plan for a hospital pharmacy.
AB  - A disaster alert plan for the department of pharmacy of a large hospital is
      described. The plan is intended to effectively and efficiently alert and mobilize
      pharmacy personnel in the event that the hospital should re required to deal with
      mass casualties.

PMID- 1211400
TI  - Antihypertensive therapy with hydralazine and propranolol: a case history.
AB  - Rapid control of arterial blood pressure through use of the interacting drugs
      hydralazine and propranolol is discussed. A case history illustrating the
      treatment is described, and various aspects of this therapy are discussed,
      including mechanisms of action and side effects.

PMID- 1211401
TI  - Systematic approach to drug information requests.
AB  - A five-step systematic technique used for answering drug information requests is
      described. Step 1 is classification of the request. Step II involves
      determination of exactly what information is being requested and why, and
      ensuring that all pertinent background data are obtained. Step III is a
      systematic search of the literature, beginning with general references and
      progressing through secondary sources to primary articles. Step IV is formulation
      of the accumulated data into an appropriate writtern of verbal response. Step V
      involves reclassification of the request which may be necessary if there is a
      change in its scope.

PMID- 1211402
TI  - Hematology problem of the month.

PMID- 1211403
TI  - Changes in serum total protein values occurring in clinical samples during
      shipment.
AB  - Total protein and protein electrophoresis determinations were performed on paired
      serum samples before and after shipment of the samples via parcel post. After
      shipment, one serum from each pair of samples was analyzed at the same laboratory
      that had performed the initial analysis; the other sample from the pair was
      analyzed after its receipt by a referral laboratory. The results indicate that,
      due to some factor or a combination of factors occurring during shipment,
      statistically significant apparent increases were observed in 86 per cent of the
      total protein values and in 66 per cent of the albumin values. Experimentally,
      both mechanical agitation and bacterial contamination are capable of causing
      slight elevations similar in pattern to those observed in the shipped samples.
      The significance of these findings relative to clinical interpretation and to
      analytical quality control programs is discussed.

PMID- 1211404
TI  - Parathyroid hormone responsiveness in hypoparathyroidism with hypomagnesemia.
AB  - The failure to respond normally to parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration has
      been reported in patients with severe hypomagnesemia. A patient with
      hypoparathyroidism and a markedly decreased serum concentration of magnesium (0.7
      mEq/liter), but a normal red blood cell magnesium level, is described who
      increased serum calcium concentration and decreased per cent renal tubular
      reabsorption of phosphate when parathyroid extract was given. It is suggested
      that PTH responsiveness in hypomagnesemic patients may, at least in part, be
      dependent upon the adequacy of intracellular magnesium stores. This
      interpretation is supported by the normal cellular (red blood cell) magnesium
      concentrations observed in this patient and in comparable studies in which PTH
      responsiveness in the presence of hypomagnesemia was demonstrated. In addition, a
      failure of optimal renal conservation of magnesium was noted to occur in this
      patient since, despite hypomagnesemia, urinary magnesium excretion was greater
      than the 1 mEq/day loss that is seen when magnesium conservation is induced by
      means such as dietary restriction.

PMID- 1211405
TI  - Bone marrow 99m Tc sulfur colloid distribution and marrow cellularity.
AB  - The relationship between marrow distribution as imaged with 99mTc sulfur colloid
      and histologic estimate of bone marrow cellularity was examined in 101 patients.
      The patients were divided into three groups according to marrow cellularity:
      normocellular, hypercellular or hypocellular marrow. The marrow distribution of
      these patients was graded as extended, not extended or not visualized. A general
      association between marrow cellularity and marrow distribution was found. Seventy
      seven per cent of patients with normocellular marrow had limitation of marrow
      within normal sites and a similar number of patients with reactive hypercellular
      marrow had marrow extension. On analysis of the patients that were exceptions to
      this generalization the following observations were made. In patients in whom the
      marrow is hypercellular and infiltrated with abnormal cells or tissue the marrow
      distribution may not be visualized with radiocolloid. Stimulation of
      hematopoiesis may result in marrow hypercellularity without marrow extension
      beyond the usual sites. Stimulation of one or more hematopoietic cell lines may
      result in marrow extension without marrow hypercellularity, suggesting an
      impairment of hematopoietic cell response. Peripheral marrow extension as
      observed with radiocolloid, therefore, is not simply a reflection of marrow
      hypercellularity but probably represents a response of the bone marrow stroma to
      situations in which one or more hematopoietic cell lines is stimulated.

PMID- 1211406
TI  - Acute bacterial meningitis: an analysis of factors influencing prognosis.
AB  - Three-hundred and forty-nine cases of acute bacterial meningitis treated during a
      25-year period (1949 through 1973) were reviewed to determine the prognostic
      significance of initial historical, physical and laboratory findings. A poor
      prognosis was associated with age greater than or equal to 40 years (p less than
      0.01), presence of predisposing illness (p less than 0.01), associated illness (p
      less than 0.01), absence of nuchal ridity (p less than 0.05), and derangement of
      cerebral function (p less than 0.01). The effects of predisposing illness and
      moderate cerebral dysfunction were dependent upon age. In contrast, the effects
      of associated illness, mild or severe cerebral dysfunction, and absent nuchal
      rigidity were independent of age. Laboratory studies associated with a poor
      prognosis included an elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein (p less than
      0.05), a positive CSF smear (p less than 0.05), or culture (p less than 0.01), or
      bacteremia (p less than 0.01). No prognostic significance could be attributed to
      race (p greater than 0.05), sex (p greater than 0.05), prior antibiotic therapy
      (p greater than 0.05), duration of illness before institution of adequate therapy
      (p greater than 0.05), CSF leukocyte count (p greater than 0.05), frequency of
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes in CSF (p greater than 0.05), CSF sugar less than or
      equal to 40 mg/100 ml (p greater than 0.05), or a CSF sugar-simultaneous blood
      sugar ratio less than or equal to 0.40 (p greater than 0.05).

PMID- 1211408
TI  - Effect of hemodialysis on red cell organic and inorganic phosphates.
AB  - Red cell 2,3 diphosphoglyceric acid (DPG), total nucleotide phosphate, inorganic
      phosphate, and plasma inorganic phosphate were measured at the onset and
      termination of 22 hemodialyses performed for chronic renal failure in 19
      patients. Plasma inorganic phosphate decreased from a mean of 2.05 mM/liter +/-
      0.14 to 1.26 mM/liter +/- 0.09 (p less than 0.005) while intracellular inorganic
      phosphate fell from 1.76 mM/liter +/- 0.12 RBC water to 1.21+/-mM/liter (p less
      than 0.005). Mean DPG was 6.37 mM/liter RBC +/- 0.23 at the start of the dialysis
      and 6.08 mM/liter +/- 0.24 at the termination (p=n.s.). Mean nucleotide
      concentration was 5.90 mM phosphorous content/liter RBC+/-0.26 at the start and
      5.95 mM/liter 0.21 at the end (p=n.s.). Although there were significant decreases
      in intracellular and plasma inorganic phosphate concentrations immediately
      following dialysis, neither the DPG nor nucleotide phosphate concentrations were
      significantly altered by this short-term procedure. Red cell water inorganic
      phosphorous rapidly attained identical concentration with plasma water inorganic
      phosphorous.

PMID- 1211407
TI  - Aplastic anemia in Isreal: evaluation of the etiological role of chloramphenicol
      on a community-wide basis.
AB  - A nationwide study of aplastic anemia in Israel revealed a mean yearly incidence
      of 7.1/1,000,000 in males and 8.7/1,000,000 in females. Twenty-five per cent of
      the cases reported had an apparent chloramphenicol etiology. Ten patients, five
      treated with chloramphenicol and five without it, developed acute leukemia. The
      median survival was 11 months in males and 28 in females. Survival was
      particularly inferior in chloramphenicol-related cases, suggesting that this
      group constitutes a specific entity.

PMID- 1211409
TI  - Regulation of gonadotropin response in testicular feminization syndrome.
AB  - The effects of hormonal manipulation on gonadotropin, androgen, and estrogen
      concentrations in a patient with testicular feminization syndrome (TFS) were
      studied to clarify the feedback regulation of gonadotropins. Baseline serum LH
      concentrations were normal to high and FSH concentrations were normal despite
      markedly elevated plasma testosterone concentrations, implying the lack of a
      reciprocal control relationship, and fluoxymesterone administration failed to
      alter gonadotropin or androgenic steroid levels. Clomiphene administration
      resulted in a rise in both LH and androgen levels, while moderate doses of
      exogenous estrogens effected a diminution in testosterone but did not
      significantly alter the levels of gonadotropins. Following gonadectomy, these
      same doses of estrogens produced a dramatic fall in the very high postoperative
      levels of gonadotropins. These results suggest that gonadotropin regulation is
      mediated by estrogens and not directly by androgens in TFS.

PMID- 1211410
TI  - Citrobacter diversus at Grace Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
AB  - Over a six-month period from December 1973 to June 1974, isolations of
      Citrobacter diversus were obtained from nine patients at Grace Hospital. Our
      initial experience was with a patient who developed pneumonitis and a massive
      fatal empyema due to this organism. Seven of the nine patients were 50 years of
      age. Three patients had an underlying malignancy. Four patients experienced
      significant clinical infections. Isolations in three patients were considered to
      be commensal, and two isolations were of indeterminate significance. Our
      Citrobacter diversus isolates, which can be confused with Escherichia coli, were
      uniformly resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin and sensitive to the
      cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and gentamicin. These results agree with previous
      reports. Citrobacter diversus appears to be capable of causing serious clinical
      disease. Patients most at risk are elderly compromised hosts and infections are
      usually hospital acquired.

PMID- 1211412
TI  - Overwhelming pneumococcal sepsis 25 years after splenectomy.
AB  - In a 47-year-old healthy male, the syndrome of overwhelming pneumococcal sepsis,
      associated with diffuse intravascular clotting, appeared 25 years after a post
      traumatic splenectomy. Although no other disease was present, the course was
      fulminant and the outcome fatal. Splenectomy for any condition and in all ages,
      augments the risk to severe  pneumococcal infection.

PMID- 1211411
TI  - Bone and joint infection with Arizona hinshawii: report of a case and a review of
      the literature.
AB  - The Arizona group of gram-negative enteric microorganisms is closely related to
      the genus Salmonella. Arizona infection is common in avian and reptilian species.
      Whereas Arizona intestinal infection has been observed in humans, extraintestinal
      disease has infrequently been described. A case of a 23-year-old woman with
      systemic lupus erythematosus and sickle cell trait who acquired Arizona hinshawii
      osteomyelitis and septis arthritis is presented. The patient recovered after
      treatment with ampicillin and cephalosporins. Three previously described cases of
      bone and/or joint infection with Arizona are summarized. Because Arizona species
      frequently ferment lactose, it is possible that they are discarded from fecal
      isolates by bacteriology laboratories. It is conceivable that many intestinal and
      extraintestinal infections are either overlooked or mistakenly identified.

PMID- 1211414
TI  - The prediction of glaucoma from ocular biometric data. Part 2. An evaluation.
AB  - A method of glaucoma prediction from ocular biometric data has been described
      previously. A study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of the existing
      multiple regression equations (prediction systems) on data obtained from an
      independent sample consisting of 22 angle-closure glaucoma, 29 open angle
      glaucoma and 44 normal subjects. This performance, found by comparing the
      predicted and actual classification for this sample, was such that between 2 and
      7% false positives and 12 and 27% false negatives were found on the equations
      differentiating glaucoma from normal subjects; and between 14 and 27% false
      positives, with 10 to 14% false negatives on the equations classifying the
      glaucoma subjects as angle-closure or open angle. From these results the
      efficiency of glaucoma prediction from ocular biometric data would appear to be
      equal to that of the combined tonography and provocative tests, provocation with
      corticosteroids and visual field screening.

PMID- 1211413
TI  - The prediction of glaucoma from ocular biometric data. Part 1. An application of
      multiple regression analysis.
AB  - Two sets of multiple regression equations (prediction systems) were derived from
      the analysis of ocular biometric data obtained from glaucoma patients (16 open
      angle; 16 angle-closure) and 75 normal subjects. Discriminant scores were
      established for both sets of equations which minimised the number of false
      negatives. One set, the 'Glaucoma Equations' was applied to the data to segregate
      the glaucoma from the normal subjects. The other prediction system, the
      'Classification Equations,' was then applied to the group defined as glaucomatous
      to discriminate between patients in the angle-closure and open angle categories.
      The performance of these equations, obtained by comparing the predicted and
      actual classifications for this sample, was such that between 9 and 12% of false
      positives and 0 and 3% false negatives were found on the 'Glaucoma Equations' and
      between 6 and 12% of false positives with no false negatives on the
      'Classification Equations.'

PMID- 1211416
TI  - Binocular summation and peripheral visual response time.
AB  - Six males were administered a peripheral visual response time test to the onset
      of brief, small stimuli imaged in 10 degrees arc separation intervals across the
      dark adapted horizontal retinal meridian under binocular and both monocular
      viewing conditions. This was done in an attempt to verify the existence of
      peripheral binocular summation using a response time measure. The results
      indicated that from 50 degrees arc right to 50 degrees arc left of the line of
      sight binocular summation is a reasonable explanation for the significantly
      faster binocular data. The stimulus position by viewing eye interaction was also
      significant. A discussion of these and other analyses is presented along with a
      review of related literature.

PMID- 1211415
TI  - Relationship between changes in corneal configuration and thickness.
AB  - The experiment was conducted on a sample of 26 subjects including both males and
      females and a control group of five. Their mean age was a little over 24 years.
      Corneal thickness and configuration were measured before and after the subjects
      had been wearing rigid and flexible contact lenses for three hours; measurements
      were also taken on control subjects at two different sessions, before and after a
      three-hour period. The statistical analysis showed a low but significant
      correlation between corneal thickness and corneal shape.

PMID- 1211417
TI  - Changes in the contrast sensitivity function induced by contact lens wear.
AB  - Contrast sensitivity functions (i.e. minimum contrast required to resolve a sine
      wave grating as a function of spatial frequency) were determined for subjects
      when wearing normal spectacle corrections and when wearing either hard or soft
      contact lenses. Corections provides a more definitive evaluation of visual
      performance with contact lenses than do the conventional clinical procedures.

PMID- 1211418
TI  - Luminance changes of the fundus reflex.
AB  - A recording retinoscope was developed to measure the luminance of the fundus
      reflex during problem-solving tasks. 10 students were used as subjects. The
      luminance of the reflex was recorded while the subjects read 5 passages of graded
      reading material and performed an addition task. A reversal design was used to
      determine the effects of pupil changes and accommodation on changes in the
      luminance of the reflex. Relatively large changes in the luminance of the reflex
      were recorded. These were due to accommodation. The subjects' comprehension of
      the reading material did not appear to affect the luminance of the reflex in the
      manner predicted by previous studies. However, a change in task from simple
      reading material to an addition task appeared to increase the luminance of the
      reflex.

PMID- 1211419
TI  - Retinal and post-retinal components of visual illusions.
AB  - A technique is presented permitting control of input to each hemiretina and each
      hemisphere, of the various elements of a visual illusion. When the retinal
      effects and post-retinal effects are added, the result is greater than the total
      illusory effect. This is believed due to the mixing between hemispheres via the
      corpus callosum, and suggests a possible means of assessing the role of the
      corpus callosum.

PMID- 1211420
TI  - A technique for infant vision examination.

PMID- 1211421
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of perivascular cuffing cells in multiple sclerosis
      brain.
AB  - Perivascular cuffs in brains taken at autopsy from 6 patients with multiple
      sclerosis (MS) were examined by electron microscopy. Light and electron
      microscopy of brain revealed acute and chronic types of cuffs. The acute type of
      cuffs, consisting of many lymphocytes and lymphoid cells and a few lipid-laden
      macrophages, was usually seen in the nondemyelinated white matter or in the
      margin of the plaques, and infrequently within a plaque. The chronic type
      consisted mainly of macrophages, plasmacytoid cells, and plasma cells and was
      always seen within the plaques. In the parenchymal tissue of the white matter,
      macrophages participated in phagocytosis of myelin and axons, but no peeling or
      stripping of myelin sheath by inflammatory cells was observed. So-called
      paramyxovirus-like fuzzy filaments were observed in the nuclei of the mononuclear
      cells of perivascular cuffs obtained from 5 patients. The filaments were found
      predominantly in the acute rather than chronic type of cuffs. Specific antigens
      of measles and 6/94 viruses and intranuclear RNA corresponding to the filaments
      could not be demonstrated in the perivascular inflammatory cells by the
      immunofluorescence technique or acridine orange staining.

PMID- 1211422
TI  - Economy of effort in electron microscope morphometry.
AB  - Statistical techniques known as the analysis of variance make it possible for the
      electron microscopist to plan work in such a way as to get quantitative data with
      the greatest possible economy of effort. This paper explains how to decide how
      many measurements to make per micrograph, how many micrographs per tissue block,
      how many blocks per experimentally treated organ, and how many organs per
      experimental treatment group.

PMID- 1211423
TI  - Sclerosing alveolitis induced by cyclophosphamide. Ultrastructural observations
      on alveolar injury and repair.
AB  - Adult rats received, intraperitoneally, 20 mg/100 g body weight of
      cyclophosphamide and were killed 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days thereafter.
      Lung samples were studied by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy
      revealed septal and intraalveolar hemorrhages at 2 days and hyaline membranes at
      4 days. At 1 to 2 weeks the alveoli were reepithelialized; beyond these intervals
      there was septal thickening with increased septal cells and interstitial
      substance. Electron microscopy showed capillary endothelial blebs, membranous
      pneumocyte injury and sloughing, and severe septal edema at 1 to 2 days. At 4
      days some granular pneumocytes appeared altered. At 1 week the alveoli were
      reepithelialized by prominent granular pneumocytes. Beyond these intervals there
      was septal thickening with abundant septal cells, debris, collagen, elastin and
      microfibrils. Some septal elements showed features consistent with "contractile
      interstitial cells." There was also alveolar collapse indicated by "trapped"
      granular pneumocytes surrounded by septal cells and fibers. Occasional granular
      pneumocytes showed large intracytoplasmic cavities. Cyclophosphamide can induce
      severe injury involving all alveolar components. The partly denuded alveoli are
      reepithelialized by proliferating granular pneumocytes, thus confirming their
      importance in alveolar repair. The subsequent development of sclerosing
      alveolitis suggests that cyclophosphamide may offer a useful experimental model
      for the study of alveolar injury and repair. The role of the septal "contractile
      interstitial cells" in the development of septal fibrosis and the possibility
      that these lesions are reversible remain to be clarified.

PMID- 1211426
TI  - Animal model of human disease. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Animal model:
      rheumatoid arthritis in the dog.

PMID- 1211424
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of human eosinophil granules. Comparison
      to neutrophils.
AB  - Human blood eosinophils obtained from untreated patients with large numbers of
      circulating eosinophils were purified and lysed. An eosinophil contains 2.65
      times as much peroxidase, 2.44 times as much beta-glucuronidase, approximately
      two times as much acid beta-glycerophosphatase, and 1.2 times as much protein as
      a neutrophil. Lysate filtration allowed isolation of eosinophil granules by
      isopycnic ultracentrifugation in sucrose. The granules had a mean density of rho
      1.24 g/ml, and contained peroxidase, beta-glucuronidase, and acid beta
      glycerophosphatase. They totally lacked muramidase and alkaline phosphatase.
      Electron micrography confirmed the isolation.

PMID- 1211425
TI  - Biochemical characterization of Australia antigen. Evidence for defective
      particles of hepatitis B virus.
AB  - Australia antigen exists in the sera of chronic carriers in several particulate
      forms, one of which may represent the virion of hepatitis B. This report
      describes the existence of subpopulations of these 43-nm particles, the Dane
      particles, on the basis of the staining properties of their internal cores and
      banding characteristics in cesium chloride (CsCl) density gradients. These data
      suggested that only a minor proportion of Dane particles contained an intact
      viral genome and represent the standard infectious virus of hepatitis B. The bulk
      of the Dane particles appeared to be deficient in viral nucleic acid and, as
      defective interfering particles, may specifically interfere with the growth of
      standard virus. Such defective interfering particles could thereby play a role in
      the persistence of HBV infection in man.

PMID- 1211427
TI  - Animal model of human disease. Yersinia enteritis. Animal model: oral Yersinia
      enterocolitica infection of mice.

PMID- 1211428
TI  - Mid-sagittal dimensions of cervical vertebral bodies.
AB  - A series of lateral radiographs of the cervical spinal column was evaluated in
      order to determine vertebral body dimensions. The sample included males (N=30)
      and females (N=31) 18 to 24 years old, comprising three stature percentile ranges
      (1-20; 40-60; 80-99) of the U.S. adult population. A two-dimensional analysis of
      vertebral body height (average distance between superior-inferior surgaces),
      depth (average distance between anteriorposterior surfaces), and area (average
      height X average depth) revealed minimal effects due to stature. In all subjects,
      average depth exceeded average height for vertebral bodies C3 through C7. Upon
      combining stature groups, both sexes revealed maximum average values for these
      dimensions at the seventh cervical vertebral body. Minimum average height
      occurred at C5 whereas minimum average depth was found at C3. Significant
      correlation (alpha greater than 0.05) was found for males between ponderal index
      and height and depth of the C7 vertebra. Male head weight correlated
      significantly with C3, C4, C5 and C6 vertebral body height and with C3, C5 and C6
      vertebral body depth. For females, C7 height and C6 depth correlated
      significantly with ponderal index and head weight respectively. Probable
      biomechanical relationships of specific cervical vertebral bodies are noted

PMID- 1211429
TI  - Early prenatal attainment of adult metacarpal-phalangeal rankings and
      proportions.
AB  - As shown in 56 human embryos and fetuses between 15 and 104 mm in crown-rump
      length, "adult" metacarpal-phalangeal length rankings are attained by the seventh
      intrauterine week and near-adult bone-to-bone ratios or proportions by the
      theirteenth week. Micrometric measurements of optically-projected histological
      hand sections show relative elongation of the distals between the 15-29 mm and 30
      44 mm crown-rump range, and relative reduction to radiogrammetrically-determined
      adult proportions by the 90-104 mm CRL.

PMID- 1211431
TI  - The indentification and evaluation of measurement variability in the
      anthropometry of preschool children.
AB  - Measurement variability estimates for 18 different anthropometric dimensions were
      collected within the context of an ongoing longitudinal in vestigation of
      preschool Guatemalan children. Estimates of total measurement variance, intra
      observer variance, and short-term intra-subject variance are presented for each
      variable. A simple procedure for the evaluation of measurement variance in cross
      sectional and longitudinal investigations is described in which the total
      measurement variance is expressed as a percentage of the appropriate inter
      subject variance. This statistic serves as an index of the relative
      reproducibility of anthropometric variables.

PMID- 1211430
TI  - Diarrheal diseases and growth retardation in preschool Guatemalan children.
AB  - The relationship between diarrheal diseases and growth increments in total body
      length and weight was investigated in 716 rural Ladino Gautemalan children. Data
      on diarrheal diseases were provided by the mothers through retrospective surveys
      carried out at 14-day intervals. Increments in length and weight, semestral from
      near birth at four years and yearly thence to seven, were related to days ill
      with diarrheal diseases during the same time interval. Because the data here
      reported were collected over a two year period, a child may have had information
      for more than one period. In total, 1,343 child periods were investigated. Days
      ill with diarrheal diseases were found to be significantly associated with
      reduced growth in length and weight. It was assumed that the average differences
      in growth by seven years of age between children in the present sample and
      children from well-to-do societies, are mainly a function of environmental
      differences and consequently, a measure of the extent of growth retardation. By
      expressing the growth retardation specifically associated with diarrheal diseases
      as a fraction of the above differences it was then estimated that around 10% of
      this growth retardation was associated with diarrheal diseases.

PMID- 1211432
TI  - Mandibular precedence in the prenatal development of four permanent teeth.
AB  - As shown in 62 pairs of dental opponents from 32 grossly normal human fetuses in
      the 75-378 mm crown-rump range, mandibular precedence is the rule for 11, 12, C
      and M1, a trend in agreement with mandibular precedence for deciduous teeth
      through dm1 and in the gingival emergence of the same permanent teeth during
      postnatal development.

PMID- 1211433
TI  - Rethingking human pigmentation.
AB  - Though pigmentation has been of interest to anthropologists for a long time, its
      inheritance, and particularly the reasons for the incomplete correlation of skin,
      hair and eye, is poorly understood. It is suggested that this is largely due to
      lack of genetically plausible hypotheses. Taking into account racial and
      individual variation in pigment traits, and knowledge of pigmentation in other
      mammals, a minimum set of genetic factors for pigmentation in man is suggested.
      These include: (1) a set of polygenes affecting skin color only; (2) one locus
      for depigmentation of the eye, not affecting skin or hair, (3) one pleiotropic
      gene for reduction of pigment at all sites, and (4) one or more loci with
      multiple alleles producing blondness or rufosity of the hair in symmetrical
      patterns over the body.

PMID- 1211434
TI  - Role of light in human skin color viariation.
AB  - The major source of color in human skin derives from the presence within the
      epidermis of specialized melanin-bearing organelles, the melanosomes. Tanning of
      human skin on exposure to ultraviolet light results from increased amounts of
      melanin within the epidermis. Melanosomes synthesized by melanocytes are acquired
      by keratinocytes and transported within them to the epidermal surface. In some
      cases, the melanosomes are catobolized en route. New information indicates that
      the multicellular epidermal melanin unit (melanocyte and associated pool of
      keratinocytes) rather than the melanocyte alone is the focal point for the
      control of melanin metabolism within mammalian epidermis. Gross human skin color
      derives from the visual impact of the summed melanin pigmentation of the many
      epidermal melanin units. In theory, constitutive skin color in man designates the
      genetically-determined levels of melanin pigmentation developed in the absence of
      exposure to solar radiation or other environmental influences; facultative skin
      color or "tan" characterizes the increases in melanin pigmentation above the
      constitutive level induced by ultraviolet light. The details of genetic
      regulation of pigment metabolism within the epidermal melanin units are being
      clarified. In some mammals at least, the function of epidermal melanin units is
      significantly influenced by hormones which may be regulated by radiations
      received through the eyes. Based on an evolutionary history of the human family
      which exceeds ten million years, it is proposed that melanin pigmentation may
      have played a number of roles in human adaptions to changing biologic and
      physical environments.

PMID- 1211435
TI  - The evolutionary significance of vitamin D, skin pigment, and ultraviolet light.
AB  - Vitamin D is essential for normal growth, calcuim absorption, and skeletal
      development. Vitamin D deficiency can cause death, immobilization, or pelvic
      deformities which prevent normal childbirth. In the past these problems were
      extremely common in North America and Europe, and were only elminated by adding
      vitamin D to food. Prior to that, variations in available vitamin D affected
      health, survival and reproductive efficiency sufficiently to have evolutionary
      significance. Vitamin D is naturally present in few foods; most comes from the
      photo-conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol in skin. The limiting factor in this
      conversion is the availability of ultraviolet light less than310 nm. Seasonal and
      geographic variations in natural ultraviolet radiation cause parallel variations
      in blood vitamin D levels, intestinal calcuim absorption, and clinical vitamin D
      deficiency. These physiological variations can be abolished by exposure to
      comparable artificial ultraviolet radiation, or by dietary vitamin D supplements.
      Ultraviolet radiation less than310 nm is absorbed by skin pigment, but is also
      increases skin pigmentation. This has led to the hypothesis that skin pigment
      regulates skin vitamin D production. Little direct evidence exists to test this
      reasonable hypothesis, but necessary and sufficient conditions for establishing
      it can be outlined. Until this hypothesis is experimentally tested, it is
      impossible to evaluate the corollary hypothesis: that racial variations in the
      efficiency of cutaneous vitamin D production restricted the evolution of dark
      skinned peoples to tropical latitudes and thereby caused the geographic
      distribution of the races.

PMID- 1211436
TI  - Retinal pigmentation, visual acuity and brightness levels.
AB  - This study investigates the hypothesis that the degree of retinal pigmentation in
      the human eye is adaptive as it relates to the maintenance of visual acuity in
      optically stressful environments, deserts and snowfields. Eighty-four subjects
      were examined, an estimation of their degree of retinal pigmentation made by
      ophthalmoscopic examination and their binocular visual acuity tested over ten
      levels of brightness. The general level of retinal pigmentation did not influence
      mean visual acuity within the levels of brightness used in this study. The
      hypothesis was, therefore, rejected, but with the proviso that this study should
      be extended to even higher levels of brightness than were obtained here. There
      was no difference in mean pupil size at various levels of illumination between
      individuals grouped by degree of retinal pigmentation.

PMID- 1211437
TI  - Iris pigmentation and photopic visual acuity: a preliminary study.
AB  - Visual acuity under varying conditions of light stress was tested in four human
      populations. It was found that the density of iris pigmentation had no
      significant effect on visual acuity under conditions of bright light. While some
      acclimatization to local light levels was observed, significant population
      differences in visual acuity were obtained. A hypothesis is advanced at to the
      adaptive value of varying densities of pigmentation of the iris based on the
      known heat absorption properties of melanin granules.

PMID- 1211439
TI  - Physiological and anatomical considerations of anorectal function in respect to
      anorectal surgery.

PMID- 1211438
TI  - A quantitative and morphological study of the pigmentary system of the chimpanzee
      with the light and electron microscope.
AB  - The epidermal melanocyte system of the chimpaneze was studied by the combined
      skin-splitting DOPA, and electron microscopic techniques. It is very similar to
      man. There are DOPA-positive epidermal melanocytes in all body regions regradless
      of the degree of macroscopic skin pigmentation or hirsutism. Furthermore, as in
      man, but in contrast to rodents, chimpanzee skin contains a very high level of
      melanocytes in the epidermis; approximately 3,320+/-350 per square millimeter
      skin. Chimpanzee melanosomes are long, wide, and fully melanized. In
      keratinocytes, these organelles are individually dispersed in all body regions,
      regardless of the degree of skin color, as is true for other mammalian species
      with large melanosomes.

PMID- 1211441
TI  - Anal fistulae in childhood.

PMID- 1211440
TI  - Colo-rectal polyps in adolescence.

PMID- 1211443
TI  - Experimental investigation of the mobility of different parts of the intestine.

PMID- 1211442
TI  - Tuberculous bowel perforations.

PMID- 1211445
TI  - Ligatured loop colostomy for complete fecal diversion.

PMID- 1211444
TI  - Lipomas of the colon with report of a case.

PMID- 1211446
TI  - Capillary and cell wall permeability to potassium in isolated dog hearts.
AB  - From venous tracer-dilution curves recorded after 36 pulse injections of 42KCl
      and 131I-labeled albumin into the coronary artery inflow of 15 isolated canine
      heart preparations, we calculated maximal fractional extractions (Emax) and
      capillary permeability-surface area products (PScap) for 42K+ over a range of
      plasma flows (FP) from 0.3 to 1.7 ml min-1 g-u. At low FP (less than 1.0), Emax
      was 0.60 +/- 0.0l (mean +/- SD) and PScap was 0.72 +/- 0.20 ml min-1 g-1; at high
      FP (greater than 1.0), Emax decreased to 0.49 +/- 0.05 and PScap increased to
      1.06 +/- 0.18. Continuous recording (gamma detector) of residual myocardial 42K+
      in seven hearts showed that the mean fractional escape rate of tracer between 30
      and 60 min after injection was 0.011-0.023 min-1; higher rates were observed at
      high FP, when the residue of 42K+ decreased to less than 10% of the injected dose
      by 60 min. Using PScap measured at high FP and considering the virtual
      intracellular volume of distribution for K+ to be 20 ml/g, we calculated the
      permeability-surface area product for sarcolemma (PScw) as 0.54-0.73 ml min-1 g
      1, or about 50% of PScap. Considering sarcolemmal surface area (Scw) as 4,200
      cm2/g and capillary surface area (Scap) as 500 cm2/g, cell permeability is low,
      with Pcw:Pcap being less than 0.08.

PMID- 1211447
TI  - Satiety and hunger induced by small and large duodenal loads of isotonic glucose.
AB  - Hepatic-portal infusions of small or large flucose loads in the rabbit had little
      or no stimulating effect on postinfusion food intake. However, marked
      differential changes in appetite were observed when small and large glucose loads
      were infused into the duodenum. The satiating effect of small glucose loads
      contrasted sharply with an unusually high increase in food intake triggered by
      the infusions of larger amounts of glucose into the duodenum. The results are
      interpreted in terms of a possible involvement of the enteroinsular mechanism in
      the regulation of food intake. This mechanism is bypassed and its influence on
      food intake eliminated when glucose is infused directly into the portal
      circulation. The positive relationship between large amounts of alimentary
      carbohydrates and overeating is seen as a factor that may actively promote the
      development of obesity and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1211448
TI  - Subepithelial capillary blood flow estimated from blood-to-lumen flux of barbital
      in ileum of rats.
AB  - The outflux of barbital from the blood into the small intestine perfused with an
      isosmotic buffer of pH 9.5 in anesthetized rats was measured to determine the
      subepithelial capillary blood flow in the gut. It was shown that barbital
      clearance is blood flow limited when total blood flow to the small intestine
      varied between 0.3 and 1.3 ml/min per g wet gut. The barbital clearance amounted
      to an average of 50.3% of the total blood flow. The total mucosal blood flow
      determined by the use of the distribution of microspheres in the layers of gut
      wall was 62.76% of the total blood flow. It is concluded that, because of
      anatomical reasons, a subepithelial blood flow available for the transport
      process is somewhat less than the measured total mucosal blood flow.

PMID- 1211449
TI  - Dispersed rat parotid acinar cells. III. Characterization of cholinergic
      receptors.
AB  - The in vitro characterization of cholinergic receptors in dispersed rat parotid
      acinar cells was accomplished through investigations of the net transmembrane
      fluxes of K in response to exposure of the cells to selected cholinergic agonists
      and antagonists. Interaction of acetylcholine bromide (ACh) and carbamylcholine
      (carbachol) with the cholinergic receptors resulted in rapid net efflux of K from
      the cells. This cellular response was demonstrable in concentrations of carbachol
      as low as 10(-8) M. With gradual increase in the concentrations of the agonist an
      increase in the K efflux was observed up to 10(-5) M. At higher concentrations of
      this cholinergic agonist no further increases in the net K efflux were observed.
      The response of the cells to cholinergic agonists was inhibited by atropine but
      not by the adrenergic antagonists phentolamine or propranolol, suggesting
      cholinergic agonist-antagonist interactions at the receptor site. The dispersed
      rat parotid acinar cells appear to have functionally intact cholinergic receptors
      and could be used as valuable experimental tools for the study of receptor
      physiology and pharmacology as well as of other aspects of secretory function at
      the cellular level.

PMID- 1211450
TI  - Uric acid excretion by the rat kidney.
AB  - The renal excretion of uric acid was studied in nondiuretic (ND) male Wistar rats
      and in the same animals subsequently made diuretic (D) by the infusion of
      hypertonic saline. Clearances of endogenous urate and of inulin, determined
      chemically, were compared with the simultaneous clearance of 14C infused as [6(
      14)C]urate or [2(-14)C]urate. In rats infused with [6(-14)C]urate the
      isotope/inulin clearance ratios were 0.29 +/- 0.09 (ND) and 0.31 +/- 0.11 (D)
      ml/min; the simultaneous urate (chemical)/inulin ratios were 0.21 +/- 0.07 (ND)
      and 0.24 +/- 0.08 (D) ml/min. In rats infused with [2(-14)C]urate the
      isotope/inulin clearance ratios were 1.02 +/- 0.5 (ND) and 1.13 +/- 0.9 ml/min
      (D); the simultaneous urate (chemical)/inulin clearance ratios were much lower
      0.19 +/- 0.09 (ND) and 0.32 +/- 0.19 (D) ml/min. Thin-layer chromatography of
      urine after [6(-14)C]urate inl uric acid. In contrast, a similar analysis of
      urinary radioactivity after [2(-14)C]urate infusion revealed that more than 70%
      of the 14C was excreted as allantoin and not as uric acid.

PMID- 1211451
TI  - Bile acid kinetics and bile secretion in the pony.
AB  - Bile acid pool size and synthesis rate were determined by both isotope-dilution
      and washout methods in ponies with chronic external biliary fistulas. Bile acid
      pool size (10.9 mumol/kg) and synthesis rate (11.2 mumol/day per kg) estimated by
      the isotope-dilution method did not differ significantly from pool size (9.4
      mumol/kg) and synthesis rate (9.5 mumol/day per kg) estimated by washout method.
      Bile acid-dependent and -independent fractions of bile flow, determined by a
      method that circumvents any inevitable correlation of flow to bile acid secretion
      due to common factors in both parameters, did not differ from those values
      obtained by linear regression of bile flow versus bile acid secretion. The
      choleretic effect of infused chenodeoxycholic acid was higher than that of both
      endogenous bile acid and infused taurocholic acid.

PMID- 1211452
TI  - Recirculation and reutilization of micellar bile lecithin.
AB  - Bile lecithins, solubilized in micellar bile salt and radiolabeled in the 1-acyl
      fatty acid, phosphorus, and choline positions, were infused in the small bowel of
      fasted rats. Absorption of each label was virtually complete after 24 h. However,
      these lecithins were extensively hydrolyzed in the bowel lumen as well as after
      absorption, and neither the fatty acid nor phosphorus was significantly retained
      in the enterohepatic circulation or reutilized for biliary lecithin synthesis. In
      contrast, while choline was also dissociated from absorbed lecithin, choline was
      instead retained in the liver, reincorporated into newly synthesized hepatic
      lecithin, and sercreted in biliary lecithin in 10-fold greater amounts than
      either the fatty acid or phosphorus. However, the extent of choline incorporation
      into bile lecithin was limited and was not further increased when free choline
      was directly injected into the portal vein. The data therefore suggest that
      although only choline of absorbed lecithin is retained in the enterohepatic
      circulation and preserved for new biliary lecithin synthesis, exogenous choline
      utilization is regulated by the size of the available hepatic pool.

PMID- 1211453
TI  - Reevaluation of the needle method for measuring interstitial fluid pressure.
AB  - Inserting a needle into subcutaneous spaces should allow a subatmospheric
      pressure to be measured if interstitial fluid pressure is truly negative as
      measured by the capsule and wick techniques. Previous needle measurements of
      interstitial fluid pressure have produced a positive value, but in most instances
      fluid has been injected into the tissues prior to recording of pressure.
      Therefore, we measured subcutaneous needle pressure in anesthetized dogs without
      fluid injection into the tissues. Approximately 30 min are required for an
      equilibrium pressure after insertion of the needle. The mean 30-min pressure was
      4.6 +/- 0.5 (SE) mmHg (n equals 41). With observable edema, interstitial fluid
      pressures as measured with the needle were always positive. However, the needle
      method for continuous recording of pressure lacks rapid sensitivity to changes in
      tissue fluid pressures. In order to develop a needle method that would follow
      changes in interstitial fluid pressure, 0.5-1 mul of saline was injected into or
      withdrawn from the tissue. With this method, pressure plateaued in 10-20 min.
      This plateau pressure increased with tissue hydration and decreased with
      dehydration.

PMID- 1211454
TI  - Phase lock of electrical slow waves and spike bursts in cat duodenum.
AB  - The phase relationship between slow waves and spike bursts was studied in vitro
      in the cat duodenum. Electrodes were arranged radially about the duodenum.
      Records were read for T1, the time between the slow-wave "valley" and the first
      spike, and T2, the time between successive valleys. The distributions of the
      ratio T1/T2 showed very small differences, not uniquely attributable to radial
      electrode position. The distribution of T1/T2 indicated that spike bursts began
      58.8% of the way through a slow-wave cycle, measured from the valley. Also,
      electrodes were arranged longitudinally and records were read to determine
      deltaSW, the slow-wave delay time between adjacent electrode positions, and
      deltaS, the spike burst delay time between adjacent electrode positions. The
      correlation of deltaS and deltaSW suggested a linear relation, and a regression
      resulted in a good linear description. These results are consistent with an
      assumed phase lock of spike bursts to slow waves.

PMID- 1211455
TI  - Properties of canine tissue thromboplastins from brain, lung, arteries, and
      veins.
AB  - Properties of the protein moieties of canine tissue thromboplastins (TTP's) from
      brain (BTTP), lung (LTTP), arteries (ATTP), AND VEINS (VTTP) were determined. The
      maximum specific activity of each protein moiety after its relipidation was
      obtained when the phospholipid-delipidated TTP ratio was 0.32 and was 1,395 U/mg
      BTTP, 1,130 U/mg LTTP, 630 U/mg VTTP, and 435 U/mg ATTP. The amino acid contents
      of the protein moieties of LTTP, ATTP, and VTTP were closely similar, but that of
      BTTP was significantly different. The Ouchterlony analysis showed that BTTP did
      not react at all with the antibody against VTTP, but that three other TTP's did
      and showed the reaction of complete identity. Then, the reactivity of 125-I
      labeled TTP's with the anti-VTTP antibody was studied. The results showed that
      0.79 +/- 0.01 (SD) % of [125I]BTTP, 10.24 +/- 0.5 (SD) % of [125I]LTTP, 19.4 +/-
      0.2 (SD) % of [125I]VTTP, and 5.88 +/- 0.4 (SD) % of [125I]ATTP added were bound
      to the antibody in 2 h. Next, the molecular weight of each was determined by
      Sephadex G-200 filtration, which averaged 80,000 +/- 4,000 (SD) ([125I]BTTP),
      113,000 +/- 5,000 (SD) ([125I]LTTP), 62,000 +/- 3,000 (SD) ([125I]ATTP), and
      47,000 +/- 2,000 (SD) ([125I]VTTP). Finally, the plasma behavior of each was
      studied in four dogs. The plasma half-life averaged 8.1 +/- 0.24 (SD) h
      ([125I]BTTP), 14.6 +/- 0.5 (SD) h ([125I]LTTP), 7.38 +/- 0.48 (SD) h
      ([1252]ATTP), and 24.3 +/- 0.9 (SD) h ([125I]VTTP). These results indicate that
      the protein moieties of canine TTP's from brain, lung, arteries, and veins are
      closely similar in some aspects but dissimilar in others and are definitely not
      identical.

PMID- 1211456
TI  - Effect of renal decapsulation on renal function.
AB  - Marked increases in renal volume commonly occur in acute tubular necrosis and
      acute transplant rejection. Based on studies in the dog, we have previously
      suggested that the renal swelling observed in states of acute renal injury may be
      due principally to an increase in compliance of the kidney. The present study was
      undertaken in an effort to assess whether compliance-mediated increases in renal
      volume might affect renal function. In 15 dogs we compared the function of a
      decapsulated kidney (DK) to that of the contralateral intact kidney (IK); in 12
      dogs we compared the function of a partially decapsulated kidney (PDK) to that of
      the contralateral IK. We compared the function of DK or PDK to IK, first under
      control conditions (ureteral pressure (UP) equals 0 mmHg), then at increased
      intrarenal pressure (UP equals 30 mmHg for both kidneys plus iv saline loading),
      and then during a recovery period (UP of both kidneys restored to 0 mmHg). The
      rationale is that probably DK is more compliant than IK; thus at increased
      intrarenal pressure DK volume should increase more than IK volume. Under control
      conditions DK and IK function were normal and equal; however, during increased
      intrarenal pressure, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was about 20% less and Na
      and H20 excretion were about 30% less in DK than in IK. When intrarenal pressure
      was restored toward control by lowering UP to 0 mmHg, DK and IK function were
      once again equal. Similar but less marked changes occurred in the experiments
      comparing PDK and IK function. The impairment of renal function in DK vs. IK at
      increased intrarenal pressure was not explained by renal blood flow distribution,
      backdiffusion of glomerular filtrate, or by surface losses of fluid from DK. We
      suggest that impairment of renal function in DK vs. IK during increased
      intrarenal pressure is in some way related to the greater expansion of DK (21.0
      +/- 0.02%) vs. IK (9.7 +/- 0.03%) at increased intrarenal pressure.

PMID- 1211457
TI  - Effect of [Sar1, Ala8]angiotensin II on renal vascular resistance.
AB  - Partial occlusion of the renal artery (RAO) was induced in dogs anesthetized with
      pentobarbital or morphine chloralose-urethan. The effect of [Sar1,
      Ala8]angiotensin II (P-113) was compared before and during RAO on blood flow and
      vascular resistance of the contralateral kidney. An increase in renin secretion
      rate was obtained in the ischemic kidney, which was accompanied by an increase in
      renal vascular resistance (RVR) in the contralateral kidney and a rise in
      systemic blood pressure. P-113 given intra-arterially to the contralateral kidney
      consistently increased renal blood flow and decreased RVR during RAO, but did not
      alter RVR significantly before RAO. The elevation in renin secretion rate
      decreased between 30 and 122 min after the initiation of RAO in the pentobarbital
      anesthetized dogs but not in the chloralose-urethan-anesthetized dogs. These
      experiments indicate that during RAO release of renin causes, through formation
      of angiotensin, an increase in RVR in the contralateral kidney and intra-arterial
      administration of P-113 restores the vascular resistance to a near-normal level.

PMID- 1211458
TI  - Isotonic relaxation in cardiac muscle.
AB  - The force-velocity-length determinants of isotonic relaxation were studied in 12
      cat papillary muscles. Isotonic relaxation velocity (VL) was found to be a
      function of total load (preload + afterload), with peak VL increasing to a
      maximum at loads approximately .3 to .4 Po(L') (Po(L') defined as maximum
      isometric force developed during a twitch at the experimental length) and falling
      with increasing loads. Initial muscle length (ML) had no effect on the peak VL
      with constant load. Increasing the initial length at which isotonic relaxation
      occurred (LL) decreased peak VL but did not alter the unique length-velocity
      trajectory at constant load. This unique length-velocity trajectory occurred,
      despite a wide variation in time during the contraction when peak VL was
      measured. Increasing Ca++ from 2.5 to 7.5 mM increased peak VL (1.73 +/- .16 to
      2.32 +/- .20 ML/s) and shifted the entire length-velocity trajectory toward
      higher velocities of lengthening. The addition of 10 mM caffeine increased peak
      VL also (1.67 +/- .18 to 2.54 +/- .20 ML/s) and had a similar effect on the
      length-velocity trajectory during lengthening as Ca++. Both increased Ca++ and
      caffeine (10 mM) augmented the maximum VL measured on addition of load.

PMID- 1211459
TI  - Sex differences in reflex tachycardia induced by hypotensive drugs in
      unanesthetized rats.
AB  - Possible sex differences in autonomic regulation of the heart were studied by
      injecting standard hypotensive doses of histamine or bradykinin to induce reflex
      tachycardia in awake rats. Although depressor responses to both drugs were
      unaltered, the tachycardia was greatly reduced by beta-adrenergic blockade with
      propranolol and abolished almost completely after combined blockade with
      propranolol and atropine. These findings indicate that the tachycardia was mostly
      due to increased sympathetic stimulation wiht a minor contribution from
      parasympathetic withdrawal. With large doses of bradykinin, direct myocardial
      stimulation also seemed likely, since some residual tachycardia remained even
      after combined blockade. Reflex tachycardia was generally more pronounced in male
      than in female rats. Because males had lower base-line heart rates and more
      tachycardia that was resistant to beta-adrenergic blockade than females,
      autonomic regulation was concluded to be predominantly parasympathetic in males
      and sympathetic in females. Whereas the exact cause of these variations in
      chronotropic regulation is unknown, it was considered possible that differences
      in sex hormones may have affected sensitivity of some component of the reflex
      arc.

PMID- 1211460
TI  - Effects of elevated magnesium on discharge of myenteric neurons of cat small
      bowel.
AB  - Electrical discharge of single units in myenteric ganglia of cat intestine was
      recorded extracellularly, and the effects on the electrical discharge of
      elevating the concentration of Mg++ in the Tyrode solution from 0.2 to 10.2 mM
      were determined. The ongoing discharge of 83% of the burst-type units was blocked
      by elevation of Mg++. The remainder of the burst-type units and all of the single
      spike units tested continued to discharge in elevated Mg++. Frequency
      distribution histograms of interburst intervals of burst units that were
      unaffected by elevated Mg++ showed low variance of interburst interval, and
      multimodes on the histograms were multiples of the first mode. The variance of
      interburst intervals of burst-type neurons that were blocked by elevated Mg++ was
      greater than variance of the burst-type neurons that were unaffected by increased
      Mg++. If it is assumed that the action of elevated Mg++ is blockade of synaptic
      transmission, then the results indicated that the ongoing discharge of the
      neurons that were blocked by elevated Mg++ was dependent on synaptic input to the
      cell. The burst-type units that were unaffected by elevated Mg++ may be
      endogenous oscillators that do not receive synaptic input. The burst-type units
      that were blocked by elevated Mg++ may be driven by synaptic input from the burst
      type oscillators.

PMID- 1211462
TI  - Thermoregulation in the rabbit following intracranial injection of
      norepinephrine.
AB  - The release of norepinephrine (NE) from nerve terminals in the anterior
      hypothalamic/preoptic area (AH/POA) of the rabbit may serve to raise body
      temperature. To further examine the putative neurotransmitter role of NE,
      bilateral microinjections of 5 or 10 mug NE were made into or near the AH/POA of
      44 conscious rabbits exposed to an ambient temperature of 15 degrees C.
      Microinjections into the AH/POS did not cause fever; they either had no influence
      on thermoregulation or rapidly induced ear vasocilation and increased ear
      temperature accompanied by slight falls in rectal temperature. The latter
      averaged 0.32 degrees C (range: 0.16-0.45 degrees C) in 18 rabbits in which the
      effects were prominent. In contrast, the injection of 100 or 250 mug NE into the
      lateral cerebral ventricles of conscious rabbits in the 15 degrees C environment
      caused mean fevers of 0.62 +/- 0.0, and 1.04 +/- 0.14 degrees C (+/- SE, n equals
      6), respectively, within 70 min. The febrile response to intraventricular
      injection of NE may be due to an action of the drug at a site other than the
      AH/POA. Alternatively, the response may depend critically on the particular
      distribution of NE that results from its diffusion from the third ventricle into
      the AH/POA.

PMID- 1211461
TI  - Metabolic effects of calcitonin in the newborn.
AB  - Calcitonin was injected in newborn rats and newborn lambs to study the metabolic
      effects of the hormone. Subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin (140 MRC
      U/kg) induced a clearing effect on plasma from suckling newborn rats that was
      naturally lactescent. A lower dose given by the same route (14 MRC U/kg) strongly
      decreased plasma triglyceride and amino acid levels in suckling newborn rats.
      This was mainly the result of gastric emptying inhibition. The gastrointestinal
      action of calcitonin in suckling newborn rats was substantiated by the absorption
      of [14C]triolein and 14C-labeled amino acids. Hormonal changes that were
      associated were a decrease in plasma insulin level and an increase in plasma
      growth hormone concentration. Intravenous calcitonin at a physiological dose
      (0.03 MRC U/kg) injected into newborn lambs inhibited increases in total plasma
      lipids, amino acids, and blood-glucose levels at the time of the first suckling
      period without changing serum calcium levels. One of the physiological roles of
      calcitonin in the newborn may be the regulation of nutrient absorption from milk
      rich in lipids.

PMID- 1211463
TI  - Effects of theophylline on Na and alanine transport across isolated rabbit ileum.
AB  - Addition of theophylline to isolated rabbit ileal mucosa resulted in a persistent
      increase in short-circuit current (SCC) and a persistent decrease in DC
      conductance. Under short-circuit condition, net Na flux (JNanet) was reversed by
      theophylline from absorption to secretion (-0.6 mueq/h cm2) and was due to a
      decrease in unidirectional mucosal- (M) toserosal (S) flux (JNams). Addition of L
      alanine to theophylline-treated m-ucosa increased SCC, JNanet, and JNams.
      Theophylline reduced JAlanet by 25%. Na flux ratios, determined in the presence
      of theophylline at +26 and -11 mV (mucosal reference), differed from flux ratios
      expected for a diffusional process by less than 8%. In contrast, Na flux ratios,
      determined in the absence of theophylline and presence of glucose at +26 and O
      mV, differed from diffusional ratios by 35%. The results are consistent with the
      hypothesis that theophylline inhibits active Na absorption, but the data do not
      conclusively demonstrate the diffusional nature of unidirectional Na fluxes in
      the presence of theophylline.

PMID- 1211464
TI  - Intestinal CaBP: a new quantitive index of vitamin D deficiency in the rat.
AB  - Rats raised from weaning on regiments adequate in calcium and phosphorus but
      deficient in vitamin D will have no detectable intestinal calcium-binding
      proteins (CaBP), whether or not they show other signs of vitamin D deficiency,
      such as hypocalcemia. When hypocalcemic, vitamin D-deficient animals were treated
      with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, a vitamin D metabolite, they showed a dose
      dependent increase in plasma calcium and CaBP; both responses can be described by
      a single linear relationship, which appears to apply whether the metabolite is 25
      hydroxycholecalciferol or dihydrotachysterol. Since vitamin D status is only one
      determinant of plasma calcium, whereas CaBP (or its expression) appears to depend
      on vitamin D quantitatively, CaBP may be used as an index of vitamin D status,
      provided calcium intake is controlled.

PMID- 1211465
TI  - Tubular organization and vascular-tubular relations in the dog kidney.
AB  - Tubular organization and vascular-tubular relations were studied by double
      injection in canine kidneys. Blood vessels were injected via the artery after
      perfusion fixation. Tubules were injected by micropipettes inserted into the
      urinary spaces of selected glomeruli in cleared slices. One hundred proximal
      convoluted tubules, 16 Henle loops, and 5 distal convoluted tubules were defined.
      Only subcapsular proximal convolutions were perfused by efferent vessels arising
      from the same glomerulus (43 of 55). In midcortex, proximal convolutions were
      generally perfused over less than half their length by the parent efferent (21 of
      31). Here tubules entirely perfused by the parent efferent were rare (2 of 31).
      No inner cortical proximal convolutions were perfused by the efferent from the
      same glomerulus (0 of 14). Henle's loops were found to be perfused by the
      efferents of many glomeruli regardless of the cortical position of the parent
      glomerulus. Distal convolutions shared the perfusion of proximal convolutions of
      the same glomerulus. Thus, each nephron is apparently functionally dependent on
      efferent blood from glomeruli of many other nephrons. New synoptic diagrams of
      canine renal organization are presented.

PMID- 1211467
TI  - ADP, thrombin, and Bothrops atrox thrombinlike enzyme in platelet-dependent
      fibrin retraction.
AB  - Clots formed upon the addition of thrombin to human platelet-rich plasma (PRP)
      retracted readily but the clotting enzyme from Bothrops atrox venom did not cause
      retraction in PRP unless ADP, collagen, epinephrine, or low concentrations of
      thrombin (0.1 U) were added. The latter type of retraction was inhibited by
      apyrase and creatine phosphate kinase in the presence of creatine phosphate, but
      that induced with higher concentration of thrombin (2 U) was not. In a system
      composed of washed human platelets and purified fibrinogen, Bothrops marajoensis
      (BM) thrombinlike enzyme (highly purified preparations of viper venom) did not
      cause clot retraction. Addition of ADP to the platelet-fibrinogen mixture prior
      to BM enzyme resulted in stimulation of clot retraction that could be dissociated
      from the release of platelet constituents. Addition of low concentrations of
      thrombin (0.1 U/ml) caused retraction associated with a considerable release of
      adenine nucleotides that was inhibited by potato apyrase. Electron micrographs
      showed platelet-fibrin aggregates in all types of retracted clots. Nonretracted
      clots formed in the presence of potato apyrase contained discoidal platelets that
      were not in close association with fibrin. It has been postulated that platelet
      dependent fibrin clot retraction induced by collagen, epinephrine, and low
      concentration of thrombin is mediated by ADP. High concentrations of thormbin may
      possibly promote clot retraction independently of ADP.

PMID- 1211466
TI  - Effect of primary bile acids on bile lipid secretion from perfused dog liver.
AB  - An isolated canine liver perfusion technique featuring a second dog as the pump
      oxygenator was used to compare biliary lipid secretion during randomized, steady
      state perfusions at two different rates of cholyl taurine or chenodeoxycholyl
      taurine infusions. The hepatic extraction of the trihydroxy-conjugated bile acid
      was considerably greater than that of the dihydroxy conjugate, possibly explained
      by ultrafiltration experiments which indicated that cholyl taurine was less
      protein bound than chenodeoxycholyl taurine. Both bile acids induced phospholipid
      and cholesterol secretion that was linearly proportional to bile acid secretion.
      However, each mole of secreted chenodeoxycholyl taurine induced a greater
      relative secretion of phospholipid and cholesterol than did that of cholyl
      taurine. Thus in the canine liver, the two primary bile acids are extracted at
      different rates and induce biliary secretion of different relative lipid
      composition.

PMID- 1211468
TI  - Pressure-flow and volume-flow relationships of the systemic circulation of the
      dog.
AB  - Mean systemic pressure-flow (Ps-Q) and volume-flow (V-Q) relationships of the
      systemic vascular bed were determined in two groups of dogs anesthetized with
      sodium pentobarbital (group I) and with methoxyflurane (group II). All blood
      returning to the heart (Q) was removed from the right atrial appendage and passed
      through a Starling resistor, a pump, a flowmeter , and then returned directly
      into the pulmonary artery. Ps was estimated from plateau values of right atrial
      pressure obtained during stop-flow procedures. Both the Ps-Q and V-Q
      relationships were nonlinear. This nonlinearity may be attributed to a
      redistribution of blood flow between systemic vascular compartments of unequal
      time constants. With group II, the Ps-Q and V-Q curves were shifted markedly to
      the right along the Ps and V axes, respectively. Evidence is presented which
      suggests that this shift was due to an effective back pressure other than right
      atrial pressure produced by a hepatic waterfall. The beta-adrenergic antagonist
      practolol increased the effective back pressure and augmented the shift in the Ps
      Q and V-Q curves.

PMID- 1211470
TI  - Aortic nerve-activated cardioinhibitory neurons and interneurons.
AB  - Unit activity evoked by electrical stimulation of the aortic and vagus nerves was
      recorded in the dorsal motor nucleus and nucleus solitarius of unanesthetized
      rabbits. Cardioinhibitory cells which showed antidromic activation to stimulation
      of the vagus nerve and synaptic activation to stimulation of the aortic nerve
      were localized in lateral dorsal motor nucleus 0.5-0.8 mm anterior of the obex.
      Additionally, units were found that appeared to be interneurons in the medullary
      pathway subserving baroreceptor reflex effects on cardioinhibitory neurons. These
      cells were activated by aortic, and usually vagus, nerve stimulation, appeared to
      be polysynaptically activated, and were located in medial nucleus solitarius
      rostral to the obex. Neurons reflecting a cardiac rhythm but not activated by
      aortic nerve stimulation were also observed.

PMID- 1211469
TI  - Neural mechanisms of sneeze.
AB  - Sneezes were induced in anestized cats by repetitive stimulation of the ethmoidal
      nerve. Activity of bulbar respiratory neurons during sneezing was recorded
      extracellularly through tungsten microelectrodes. Most expiratory neurons could
      be locked onto the stimulus pulses so that they responded either throughout
      inspiration as well as expiration or so that they began responding at some time
      during inspiration. As inspiration approached termination, multiple spiking
      occurred, finally to result in high-frequency bursts which just preceded active
      expiration. A fraction of expiratory neurons were activated only in bursts.
      Latent expiratory neurons were recruited in sneezing. Inspiratory neurons near
      nucleus ambiguus and most of those near fasciculus solitarius displayed similar
      response patterns consisting of silent periods followed by delayed smooth
      activations. Temporal characteristics of the silent periods, "inhibitory gaps,"
      suggested that they resulted from inhibition whose source was the expiratory
      neurons which were driven throughout inspriation. Some inspiratory neurons in the
      area of fasciculus solitarius failed to exhibit inhibitory gaps.

PMID- 1211471
TI  - Active transport of iron to mucosal surface of rat jejunum.
AB  - Estimations of steady-state fluxes of divalent Fe across rat intestinal segments
      in vitro provide evidence for two active transport mechanisms. Segments of the
      distal small intestine transport the mineral against electrochemical potential
      gradients from the serosal to the mucosal surface. Active transport in the
      reverse direction was confirmed with segments of proximal duodenum. The distal
      mechanism is dependent on cellular metabolism and is markedly decreased by
      metabolic inhibitors or in the absence of a metabolizable hexose. Cycloheximide,
      which inhibits protein biosynthesis, also blocks the active transport. Perfusion
      of jejunal and duodenal intestinal loops in situ in anesthetized rats provides
      evidence that endogenous Fe can be transferred to the lumen by a process
      otherthan shedding of mucosal cells. It is suggested that such transfer may occur
      via the active transport mechanism.

PMID- 1211472
TI  - Relationship of mammary blood flow to parturition in the ewe.
AB  - Mammary blood flow was measured in conscious, unanesthetized ewes with
      electromagnetic flow probes prior to spontaneous labor (four animals) or during
      the induction of premature labor (four animals) by administration of
      dexamethasone, 1 mg/24 h, to the fetus. In all animals an increase in mammary
      blood flow was noted prior to delivery. Dexamethasone administered to one mother
      in the same dose did not induce labor or produce an increase in mammary blood
      flow. These results suggest that the fetal adrenal gland influences maternal
      mammary blood flow prior to delivery.

PMID- 1211473
TI  - Arterial wall mechanics and composition and the effects of smooth muscle
      activation.
AB  - A comparison of passive mechanics and the effects of smooth muscle (SM)
      activation has been made in canine carotid and iliac arteries. Measurements of
      external diameter and axial force were made on isolated cylindrical segments in
      response to internal pressure variations. Data were obtained during maximal
      norepinephrine (NE) and potassium (K) activation, and following metabolic
      inhibition of SM. These data were used to determine wall tangential stress-strain
      relations. The maximum increase in wall stress after K and after NE was greater
      for the iliacs and occurred at smaller values of wall strain. Passive stress
      strain curves for the iliacs were likewise shifted to smaller strains, suggesting
      an important role of passive wall elements in setting the length of contractile
      elements. Diameter responses to K at low values of pressure were the same for
      iliacs and carotids, but were better maintained at higher pressure levels for the
      iliacs. Similar findings were found for iliac responses to NE and K. The results
      suggest that at low values of wall stress, active diameter responses are not
      strongly dependent on the maximum isometric stress development. However, higher
      pressure-diameter responses are also determined by the force-generating capacity
      of SM.

PMID- 1211474
TI  - Role of luminal hydrostatic pressure in proximal tubular fluid reabsorption in
      the rat.
AB  - The effect of small changes in intraluminal hydrostatic pressure (P) on the
      tubular radius (r) and the net fluid reabsorption per unit of surface area of the
      tubular wall (Js) has been studied in the proximal tubule of the rat kidney. The
      split-drop method was used to simultaneously determine Js and r. Two standardized
      split-drop techniques A and B allow selective change in P. P was 31.6 +/- 1.3
      mmHg in technique A and 15.5 +/- 1.5 in technique B. The pressure difference
      significantly affected the tubular radius; r was 21.9 +/- 0.4 and 18.6 +/- 0.5
      mum in the split drop A and B, respectively. In contrast, net transepithelial
      fluid reabsorption Js was unchanged. Js amounted to 2.72 +/- 0.20, and 2.78 +/-
      0.33 10(-5) cm3 cm-2 s-1 in split drop A and B. The absence of variations in Js
      could result from two opposite effects of pressure. P might enhance Js by
      increased ultrafiltration. However, the rise in r might decrease the density of
      the intraepithelial transport paths per unit area of tubular wall and therefore
      might decrease Js.

PMID- 1211475
TI  - Localization of renal tubular uric acid transport defect in gouty chickens.
AB  - Chickens genetically selected for high incidence of articular gout and
      hyperuricemia were used to determine the site of defective uric acid (UA)
      transport in gout. The Sperber technique was used to compare the tubular
      secretion of preformed UA with the tubular secretion of UA formed within the
      tubular cells in gouty and nongouty chickens of the same strain. In gouty
      chickens, the tubular excretion ratio of preformed [14C]UA was 36% of the value
      obtained in nongouty chickens of the same strain, whereas the tubular excretion
      ratios of [14C]UA formed within the tubular cells from [14C]guanine were equal in
      the two types of chickens. This suggests that a UA transport is located at the
      peritubular membrane and that this mechanism is defective in gouty chickens. In
      addition, the transport of p-aminohippurate (PAH) was normal in gouty chickens,
      which suggests that the transport mechanism for UA is distinct from that for PAH.

PMID- 1211476
TI  - Prostaglandin control of renal circulation in the unanesthetized dog and baboon.
AB  - Effects of indomethacin and meclofenamate, inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis,
      were evaluated in the regulation of renal blood flow in conscious and
      anesthetized dogs and in tranquilized baboons, instrumented with arterial
      pressure catheters and renal blood flow probes. Indomethacin, 10 mg/kg, did not
      alter renal blood flow or resistance significantly in the conscious dog. In the
      anesthetized dog, however, indomethacin caused a reduction in renal blood flow
      (25 +/- 3% of control) and an elevation of renal vascular resistance (45 +/- 8%
      of control). Meclofenamate, 4 mg/kg, reduced renal flow (12 +/- 2%) and increased
      renal vascular resistance 15 +/- 4% in conscious dogs. In conscious dogs and
      tranquilized primates, indomethacin and meclofenamate reduced the reactive
      hyperemia in the renal bed after 15 s occlusion from a control of 36 +/- 5 ml to
      6 +/- 2 ml, and after 45 s occlusion from a control of 98 +/- 9 ml to 17 +/- 5
      ml. Methoxamine (10-50 mug/kg per min) and angiotensin II (0.03-0.12 mug/kg per
      min), infused in graded doses, induced significantly greater renal
      vasoconstriction in conscious dogs in the presence of indomethacin. Thus, in the
      conscious animal, prostaglandins appear to play only a minor role in the control
      of the renal circulation at rest, but are of greater importance in mediating the
      renal responses to reactive hyperemia and to vasoconstriction.

PMID- 1211477
TI  - Metabolic and hemodynamic consequences of mannitol following myocardial anoxia.
AB  - The mechanism of action of hyperosmolal mannitol was evaluated by hemodynamic and
      metabolic studies in 79 isovolumic nonrecirculating paced perfused rat hearts
      during sequential 15-min periods of aerobic, anoxic, and reoxygenated perfusion.
      Hyperosmolality induced by addition of mannitol significantly decreased
      myocardial water content (wet/dry wt ratio). It improved recovery of hemodynamic
      function during reoxygenation. With isomolal perfusion (290 mosmol/kg) left
      ventricular systolic peak pressure (LVSP) decreased 32% (127 +/- 5 to 86 +/- 6
      mmHg) and maximum dP/dt fell 50% (3,513 +/- 328 to 1,758 +/- 172 mmHg/s) during
      the postanoxic recovery period. With hyperosmolal perfusion (350 mosmol/kg), LVSP
      decreased 23% (132 +/- 5 to 102 +/- 7 mmHg) and dP/dt fell 21% (3,817 +/- 215 to
      2,998 +/- 234 mmHg/s) (P less than .01). Hyperosmolal perfusion did not affect
      postanoxic total coronary flow, lactate and glucose metabolism, tissue glycogen,
      creatine phsophate, or adenine nucleotide concentrations. Coronary perfusion with
      hypersmolal solution aided recovery, enhanced postanoxic myocardial performance,
      and minimized tissue swelling. The most tenable explanation for the locus of
      action of hyperosmolal mannitol during anoxia under our experimental conditions
      is its direct effect on myocardial water content.

PMID- 1211478
TI  - Effects of mannitol on cardiac ultrastructure and microcirculation following
      anoxia.
AB  - Electron microscopic and microcirculatory effects of hyperosmolal mannitol were
      evaluated in the isolated perfused isovolumic rat heart. Specimens for
      ultrastructural examination were obtained in 26 experiemnts after 15 min of
      sequential aerobic, anoxic, and reoxygenated perfusion using an isosmolal
      perfusate of Krebs-Ringer-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer (KRB) (osmolality equals
      290 mosmol/kg) vs. a hyperosmolal solution of KRB + mannitol (equals 350
      mosmol/kg). No significant changes were noted during aerobic perfusion. Anoxic
      hearts perfused with isosmolal KRB demonstrated the most severe ultrastructural
      alterations including: mitochondrial swelling with disruption of cristae,
      myofibrillar fusion and contraction bands, and subsarcolemmal edema and
      vacuolization. These subcellular changes were not only partially reversed by
      oxygenated isosmolal perfusion but were significantly reversed during both the
      anoxic and reoxygenation perfusion periods with mannitol added. Following
      silicone rubber injection of the microcirculation, only focal capillary
      endothelial cell swelling was noted, and no difference in arteriolar or capillary
      filling was observed with either perfusate. Thus, mannitol significantly reversed
      the postanoxic ultrastructural changes consistently observed in the absence of
      increased osmolality. No gross effect on vascular patency could be demonstrated.

PMID- 1211479
TI  - Physiological temperature response and embryonic mortality in stressed swine.
AB  - Physiological responses and some aspects of reproductive function were examined
      in mated female pigs subjected to a short-term heat stress during two intervals
      of early gestation. Trial 1 control and treated animals experienced temperatures
      of 24.0 and 40.2 degrees C, respectively, from days 2 through 13 of pregnancy.
      Trial 2 control and treated pigs were exposed to 23.3 and 40.4 degrees C,
      respectively, from days 14 through 25 of pregnancy. Both high thermal exposures
      caused significant increases (P less than 0.05) in rectal temperature. At body
      temperatures of 41.1 degrees C or above, animals became more active and
      behavioral patterns erratic. Stressed pigs in both trials exhibited adaptation to
      the short-term high thermal environment as treatment days progressed. Embryonic
      mortality in the stressed animals in trial 1 was greater than in controls, with
      the animals in the former group retaining a normal size litter or losing the
      entire litter by day of slaughter. A significant proportion (P less than 0.01) of
      litters from stressed animals contained degenerating fetuses at day 42 of
      gestation, suggesting a continuous or delayed effect of thermal stress on embryo
      survival.

PMID- 1211480
TI  - Influence of altered O2 tension on substrate metabolism in perfused rat lung.
AB  - Effects of hypoxia (1.5 h) on glucose and palmitate metabolism were investigated
      in perfused lungs from normal rats and rats exposed for 24 h to hypobaric
      conditions (simulated altitude of 24,000 ft). Hypoxic lungs were ventilated with
      5% O2-5% CO2 and control lungs with 21% O2-5% CO2. Blood gases and pH remained
      stable during the 1.5-h perfusion period. Exposure of normal rat lungs to 1.5 h
      of in vitro hypoxia (blood Po2=34 mmHg) significantly increased lactate
      production and mean arterial pulmonary pressure, but did not alter glucose
      uptake, pyruvate levels, and oxidation of either [U-14C]glucose or [1
      14C]palmitate to CO2. Incorporation of labeled glucose and palmitate into lung
      lipids was also unaltered. In contrast to normal lungs, prior exposure to hypoxia
      for 24 h and subsequent perfusion under hypoxic conditions significantly
      stimulated glucose uptake (74% increase), markedly increased glucose
      incorporation into lung lipids, and increased oxidation of glucose to CO2.
      Lactate/pyruvate ratios also showed a significant 38% increase. Lung glycogen was
      unchanged following 24 h hypoxia. These data indicate that adaptive changes occur
      in metabolic processes within the lung during acute changes in O2 tension.

PMID- 1211481
TI  - Mechanism of diuretic response associated with atrial tachycardia.
AB  - Left atrial pacing was performed in three groups of anesthetized dogs. In the
      first group of eight intact dogs a mean increase in atrial rate (AR) from 140 +/-
      7 to 244 +/- 6 was associated with a decrease in urinary osmolality (U osmol)
      from 631 +/- 72 to 264 +/- 43 mosmol/kg (P less than .001), and free-water
      clearance (CH20) increased from -.325 +/- .06 to +.355 +/- .15 ml/min (P less
      than .001). At the same time left atrial pressure (LAP) increased from 6 +/- 1 to
      15 +/- 1 mmHg (P less than .001). A second group of studies was performed in six
      hypophysectomized, steroid-replaced animals receiving 40-50 muU/kg per min of
      antidiuretic hormone (ADH). In these animals AR was increased from 148 +/- 17 to
      250 +/- 17 but diuresis did not occur. In these studies Uosmol was 690 +/- 55
      before and 704 +/- 49 mosmol/kg after atrial pacing and CH20 also did not change.
      Left atrial pressure increased from 10 +/- 2 to 19 +/- 2 mmHg during atrial
      pacing. A third group of studies was performed in five animals with bilateral
      cervical vagotomy. In these animals AR was increased from 159 +/- 6 to 258 +/- 17
      and LAP increased from 7 +/- 1 to 16 +/- 2 mmHg. Osmolality increased from 808 +/
      72 to 1,049 +/- 65 musmol/kg (P less than .005) and CH20 was unchanged. These
      results, therefore, indicate that atrial tachycardia primarily increases renal
      water excretion by suppressing ADH release. This reflex is dependent on the
      integrity of cervical vagal pathways.

PMID- 1211482
TI  - Negative inotropic influence of hyperosmotic solutions on cardiac muscle.
AB  - In cardiac muscle, moderate degrees of hyperosmolality of the type encountered
      physiologically or clinically (i.e., less than 200 mosM above control)
      characteristically exert a positive inotropic effect, which presumably is
      mediated by increased Ca2+ availability for binding to troponin. In contrast,
      skeletal muscle displays significant contractile depression on exposure to
      hyperosmotic solutions, even at mild degrees of hypertonicity. To determine
      whether a similar potential for hyperosmolarity-induced depression also exists in
      cardiac muscle, right ventricular papillary muscles from cats were exposed to
      hypertonic solutions of mannitol or sucrose under circumstances in which positive
      inotropic effects were precluded by prior exposure to a bathing solution of 4.0
      mM Ca2+ and paired electrical stimulation to maximize intracellular Ca2+ before
      addition of the hyperosmotic substances. In contrast to their usual positive
      inotropic effects, hypertonic solutions under these conditions caused cardiac
      depression at all osmolarities tested. Developed tension and its maximal rate of
      development (dT/dt) decreased by 18% at 50 mosM above control, by 30% at 100
      mosM, by 36% at 150 mosM, and by 42% at 200 mosM (P less than 0.01 for all). Time
      to peak tension and resting tension were not changed significantly. When the
      muscles were returned to control solutions, tension development also returned
      toward normal. The data are compatible with the hypothesis that, within the range
      tested, all degrees of hyperosmolarity exert a significant negative inotropic
      influence on cardiac muscle, as is true in skeletal muscle; manifestation of this
      effect of increased tonicity normally would be obscured at low degrees of
      hyperosmolality, however, by an overriding positive influence that is absent in
      skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1211483
TI  - Mesenteric baroreceptors.
AB  - Occlusion of the mesenteric vessels in the cat and injection of catecholamines
      produced significant changes in skin and muscle blood flows. These were abolished
      by cutting the mesenteric nerves. The occurrence of systemic pressure and
      peripheral resistance changes in cross-perfused mesenteric preparations indicates
      that hemodynamic factors alone, such as might result from occlusion of a large
      vascular region, were not initiating the reflex. This also excludes
      extramesenteric receptors within the heart and large vessels from the reflex.
      Since both intravascular pressure and catecholamines have been shown to modify
      Pacinian receptor discharge in vivo, the evidence suggests that the mesenteric
      Pacinian corpuscle is the baroreceptor probably initiating the vasomotor reflexes
      in skin and muscle. The net effect of mesenteric receptor activity appears to be
      an inhibition of vasomotor neurons supplying skin and muscle.

PMID- 1211484
TI  - Responses to cold in the midbrain sonar center of hibernating and tropical bats.
AB  - The central gray matter of the bat midbrain, when electrically stimulated, causes
      the animal to produce a string of species-specific biosonar cries. Changes in
      this response with progressive cooling were studied in tropical homeothermic bats
      and in temperate hibernating bats. The species of hibernators chosen often move
      between hibernacula in the winter, flying and echolocating at low body
      temperatures (Tb). It was found that the midbrain "sonar center" exhibits a
      differential response to cooling that depends on the thermal propensities of the
      animal and its natural environment. Tropical bats followed a Q10 similar to that
      reported for other nonhibernating mammals and ceased responding at Tb 14-15
      degrees C. Temperate zone-hibernating bat brains showed a relative insensitivity
      to temperature change and still responded at Tb 4-5 degrees C. Individual sonar
      cries within a string showed that duration was correlated with temperature but
      amplitude was unaffected. The study provides data for the functional separation
      of some parameters of biosonar and gives further evidence for differential
      nervous function in eurythermal versus stenothermal animals.

PMID- 1211485
TI  - Nutritional effects on heart acetylcholinesterase and butyrocholinesterase
      activity.
AB  - Male rat pups were undernourished in energy and protein by assigning them at
      birth to lactating dams receiving a low-protein diet (12% casein) to decrease the
      maternal milk supply. A normal diet (25% casein) was fed to the dams of control
      pups. On day 21 the pups were killed and hearts were removed and examined from
      both groups. Hearts from the undernourished animals weighed less and contained
      less DNA, RNA, and protein. The chemical indices of cell number (DNA) and cell
      size (wt/DNA) were reduced in the hearts from undernourished animals. Assays of
      the cardiac tissue for the activity of acetylcholinesterase and
      butyrocholinesterase indicated that undernutrition altered the activities of both
      enzymes, but in opposite directions. Protein-energy undernutrition resulted in an
      increase in acetylcholinesterase activity and a decrease in butyrocholinesterase
      activity. The specific activities of choline acetyltransferase and cholinesterase
      were unchanged. The total activity of both cholinesterase and
      butyrocholinesterase was reduced in the hearts of the undernourished animals. The
      data indicate that nutritional status can alter the activity of cardiac enzymes
      which have been associated with controlling the rate and rhythmic contractions of
      the heart.

PMID- 1211486
TI  - Osmotically induced changes in electrical resistance of distal tubules of rat
      kidney.
AB  - Changes in peritubular oncotic pressure do not alter the electrical resistance of
      distal convoluted tubules. Transverse specific electrical resistance decreases
      along the distal convoluted tubule in nondiuretic rats. This drop in resistance
      can be at least in part accounted for by the relative increae in osmolality of
      late distal fluid. Osmotic gradients influence the magnitude of intercellular
      rather than transcellular conductance. Hyposmolality of tubular fluid leads to
      reduced shunting, whereas increased tubular osmolality has the opposite effect.
      The osmotic effect forms part of an intraepithelial positive feedback loop for
      sodium reabsorption in the diluting segment of the renal nephron.

PMID- 1211487
TI  - Evoked release of [14C]norepinephrine from the rat hypothalamus during feeding.
AB  - The pattern of catecholamine release was studied at sites adjacent to the lateral
      ventricle or in the anterior, dorsomedial or ventromedial hypothalamus of the rat
      as it was feeding. Endogenous stores of norepinephrine (NE) were first labeled by
      the microinjection of [14C]NE into these circumscribed sites. Subsequently,
      [14C]NE release was examined by repeated perfusions of an artificial
      cerebrospinal fluid through a push-pull cannula at the rate of 23 mul/min for 5
      10 min every 30 min. After successive control perfusates were collected, food or
      water was given to the animal. During an interval of feeding, a significant
      efflux of [14C]NE and its metabolites occurred reliably from midline structures
      of the hypothalamus at the level of the ventromedial nucleus. Although the
      feeding-related output of [14C]NE detected within the anterior hypothalamus was
      lower, [14C]NE was also released from this region when the rat pressed a lever to
      obtain food pellets. These results support the view that endogenous
      catecholamines underlie, at least partially, diencephalic mechanisms controlling
      food intake, including sensory, motor, or motivational components.

PMID- 1211488
TI  - Distal site of action of parathyroid hormone on phosphate reabsorption.
AB  - The sites of inhibited phosphate transport following administration of bovine
      parathyroid hormone (bPTH) to thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) dogs were
      investigated. Phosphate reabsorption by the proximal and distal nephron was
      studied using recollection micropuncture, stop-flow methodology, and electron
      probe microanalysis. Following bPTH, delivery of phosphate from the proximal
      tubule increased from 26 to 37% of the filtered load, P less than .01. Fractional
      phosphate excretion increased from 2.3 +/- 1.5 to 21.4 +/- 2.3%, P less than
      .001. The increased delivery of phosphate at the point of micropuncture in the
      proximal tubule accounted for approximately half of the phosphaturia. In six TPTX
      dogs, which were saline loaded, similiar increases in phosphate delivery from the
      proximal tubule from 27 +/- 1 to 36 +/- 2% of the filtered load resulted in a
      strikingly smaller phosphaturia, 5.1 +/- 1 to 9.8 +/- 2.4%, NS. In stop-flow
      experiments, phosphate concentratin ratios were slightly increased in the
      proximal nephron and markedly increased in the distal nephron following bPTH. It
      is concluded that parathyroid hormone markedly decreases phosphate transport in
      the distal nephron.

PMID- 1211489
TI  - Acute suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis by glucose in the intact animal.
AB  - Within 2 h after glucose administration to fasting rats the incorporation of
      radioactive lactate into blood glucose and liver  glycogen is decreased. Using
      tryptophan, which facilitates the study of gluconeogenesis prior to the
      phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxykinase step by increasing the level of certain
      hepatic metabolites, we have found that in animals fasted for 24 h glucose
      markedly decreased hepatic malate and aspartate concentrations without a
      corresponding fall in that of pyruvate, suggesting a decrease in pyruvate
      carboxylase activity. An inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, 4-pentenoic acid,
      similarly decreased the accumulation of these intermediates, and octanoic acid
      significantly lessened the fall in malate and aspartate with glucose. The changes
      in tissue metabolite levels were consistent with inhibition of the liver pyruvate
      carboxylase reaction by glucose treatment, and with abolition of this inhibition
      by octanoate administration. Alanine and glutamate levels in the liver of
      tryptophan-treated animals were decreased 90 and 32%, respectively, by glucose.
      Thus, glucose administration in the whole animal acutely decreases
      gluconeogenesis by apparently inhibiting the pyruvate carboxylase step and
      decreasing alanine levels in the liver.

PMID- 1211490
TI  - Impermeability of rabbit erythrocytes to prostaglandins.
AB  - Washed rabbit erythrocytes were suspended in Tris-electrolyte buffer containing
      [3H]prostaglandin (PG) E1, F1alpha, F2alpha, or A1 and one 14C-labeled compound
      such as sucrose. After up to 24 h of incubation, aliquots of centrifuged, packed
      cells and supernatant were oxidized and the 3H and 14C samples were counted. The
      mean sucrose space of the packed cell was 7.4%. After 1 min the E1, F1alpha, and
      F2alpha spaces were 16, 15.4, and 10.0%, respectively, and showed no increase
      even after 24 h of incubation at either 23 or 5 degrees C. At 23 degrees C the
      initial (0.5 min) PGA1 and thiourea spaces were 94 and 75%, respectively, whence
      the PGA1, but not the thiourea, space declined, reaching 30% at 4 h. The large
      initial uptake of PGA1 was eliminated at 5 degrees C, while it was accentuated at
      pH 6.8 or at a PGA1, concentration of 10(-3) M. 14C-Labeled arachidonic,
      octanoic, and other non-PG fatty acids gave apparent distribution spaces of 140
      300%. These results show that PG's can partition  into rabbit erythrocyte
      membranes, but the intracellular volume of the erythrocytes is not freely
      accessible to these autacoids. The implications of the finding that some cell
      membranes are impermeable to prostaglandins are discussed.

PMID- 1211491
TI  - Effect of calcium on magnesium absorption.
AB  - The effect of calcium on magnesium absorption was studied in the rat ileum in
      vivo. The increase in the luminal concentration of calcium led to a progressive
      decrease in magnesium absorption, which was accompanied by a parallel decrease in
      net sodium absorption. This calcium effect was also observed when sodium chloride
      was replaced by urea. However, a consistent correlation was observed between the
      magnitude of net magnesium absorption and the rates of net water absorption of
      all calcium concentrations. These findings suggest that calcium decreases
      magnesium absorption by a nonspecific reduction in membrane permeability to
      solutes that induce net water flow and are consistent with the concept that
      magnesium is transported by solvent "drag". The increase in the luminal
      concentration of calcium resulted in an increase in tissue accumulation of
      magnesium. This increase in tissue accumulation of magnesium was associated with
      a decrease in net sodium absorption and in the negativity of the transmural PD.
      These findings suggest an additional mechanism of magnesium transport operating
      independently of net water flow.

PMID- 1211492
TI  - Absence of estimated glomerular pressure autoregulation during interrupted distal
      delivery.
AB  - Micropuncture studies in dogs have suggested that a distal tubule-to-afferent
      arteriole feedback system may participate in the autoregulation mechanism at the
      single-nephron level. To evaluate the effect of interrupted distal delivery on
      glomerular capillary pressure (GP) and its autoregulation, the proximal tubule
      was blocked with oil and maximal stop-flow pressure was measured with a
      micropressure servo-null system. The GP was estimated from the sum of stop-flow
      pressure and the plasma colloid osmotic pressure (membrane oncometer). In 18 dogs
      given a mild mannitol load, average +/- SD control arterial pressure was 118 +/-
      16 mmHg, proximal tubule pressure was 24 +/- 5 mmHg, and estimated GP averaged 70
      +/- 10 mmHg. There was a highly significant relationship between estimated GP and
      arterial blood pressure. Similar results were obtained in hydropenic dogs. In
      response to decreases in renal arterial pressure in individual dogs, stop-flow
      pressure and estimated GP failed to exhibit autoregulation although
      autoregulation of renal blood flow, GFR, and proximal tubule pressure was
      observed over an arterial pressure range of 150-95 mmHg. These results indicate
      that interruption of normal distal delivery by proximal tubule blockage
      interferes with the ability of the nephron to autoregulate glomerular pressure.
      They provide further evidence in support of the concept that a distal tubular
      feedback mechanism participates, at least in part, in the autoregulatory control
      of glomerular pressure.

PMID- 1211493
TI  - Stimulation of intestinal smooth muscle by atropine, procaine, and tetrodotoxin.
AB  - In order to determine whether or not atropine, procaine, and tetrodotoxin (TTX)
      can stimulate intestinal smooth muscle directly, we examined the effects of these
      drugs on the mechanical and electrical activities of several types of cat
      intestinal smooth muscle preparations. The preparations consisted of isolated
      rings of 1) intact intestinal wall, 2) intact longitudinal and circular muscle,
      3) ganglion-free circular muscle, and 4) ganglion-free circular muscle devoid of
      its dense layer and plexus muscularis profundus. Atropine and procaine (greater
      than 10(-4) M) stimulated all four types of preparation. On the other hand, TTX
      (up to 5 X 10(-6) M) stimulated only preparations 1 and 2. It is concluded that
      whereas atropine and procaine can directly stimulate intestinal smooth muscle,
      the excitatory effect of TTX is neurally mediated.

PMID- 1211494
TI  - Skeletal buffering of acute metabolic acidosis.
AB  - Decreases in the sodium content of bone were measured to evaluate the role of
      this tissue in the buffering of acute metabolic acidosis. The bones of rats and
      dogs were labeled with radiosodium prior to the infusion of HCl, and changes in
      the radioactivity were used to indicate the loss of bone sodium. Significant
      reductions in the skeletal sodium occurred within the first 5 h of acidosis, and
      these losses can only be partially attributed to the hyponatremia accompanying
      the acid infusion. Decreases were greatest in the smaller bones of the rat; and,
      in the dog, the losses from flat bones exceeded those of the long bones. Only the
      rapidly exchangeable sodium of bone was involved in the changes due to acidosis.
      Soft tissue buffering may be more important initially; during 1.5-h experiments,
      the skeletal losses were small and could be ascribed almost entirely to the
      decrease in the amount of sodium contained in bone water. However, at the end of
      5.0 h, the quantity of sodium released from the skeleton is sufficient to account
      for much of the tissue buffering.

PMID- 1211495
TI  - Release of adenosine by hypoxic canine lung tissue and its possible role in
      pulmonary circulation.
AB  - Adenosine is a possible mediator of myocardial and skeletal muscle blood flow
      regulation. Whether adenosine plays a similar role in modulating the pulmonary
      pressor response to acute alveolar hypoxia is not known. Adenosine levels (nmol/g
      tissue) in lung in six dogs ventilated with 95% N2, and 5% CO2 for a period of 3
      min increased nearly 10-fold. Inosine and hypoxanthine, adenosine enzymatic
      degradation products, sustained a 10- and 7-fold increase, respectively. These
      degradative products are mainly formed in the capillary endothelial cells that
      contain the degradative enzyme nucleoside phosphorylase as demonstrated by
      histochemical techniques. To determine the effect of ATP, ADP, AMP, and adenosine
      on the pulmonary circulation, the in situ left lower lobe of 10 dogs was perfused
      at either free flow or constant flow via its pulmonary artery. ATP and ADP
      increased lobar vascular resistance; AMP and adenosine decreased the resistance.
      During hypoxic ventilation, adenosine infusions (100 nmol/ml blood) entirely
      abolished the increase in vascular resistance that was due solely to hypoxia.
      Dipyridamole produced similar responses. These data indicate that adenosine is a
      pulmonary vasodilator and that it may modulate the pulmonary pressor response to
      acute alveolar hypoxia. The findings suggest that the use of adenosine or
      dipyridamole may be beneficial in patients with pathologic elevations of the
      pulmonary vascular resistance which are a result of an exaggerated pulmonary
      pressor response to hypoxia, as seen in high-altitude pulmonary edema or that
      following cerebral injury.

PMID- 1211496
TI  - In vitro measurement of margin of safety of neuromuscular transmission.
AB  - The margin of safety of neuromuscular transmission was measured in isolated
      guinea pig lumbrical muscles. Twitch height of an indirectly stimulated muscle
      was reduced stepwise by suitable concentrations of tubocurarine for comparison
      with the associated occlusion of receptors by the drug. Receptor occlusion was
      estimated from the effect of tubocurarine on carbachol depolarization measured
      extracellularly by the moving-fluid electrode technique. Roughly 75-80% of the
      receptor pool had to be blocked before the twitch height began to fall, and 90
      95% had to be blocked before the twitch response was completely abolished. These
      results agree well with those found previously in vivo. Thus, the present results
      add further support to the earlier measurements. In particular, artifacts that
      might have been present because of the complex pharmacokinetic situation in vivo
      have been ruled out.

PMID- 1211497
TI  - Pentobarbital and contraction of vascular smooth muscle.
AB  - This study, with isolated rat aortic strips and portal veins, was undertaken to :
      1) study the effects, if any, of pentobarbital Na (PTB) (5 x 10(-5) to 2 X 10(-3)
      M) on reactivity to epinephrine, serotonin, and KCl; 2) determine whether 
      certain concentrations of PTB induce direct actions on aortic strips and portal
      veins; and 3) gain some insight into how these effects are brought about. The
      results indicate that PTB can: a) inhibit development of spontaneous mechanical
      activity in these vessels in anesthetic concentrations; b) dose-dependently
      attenuate contractions induced by epinephrine, serotonin, and KC1; c) cause a
      noncompetitive type displacement of the dose response curves of these vasoactive
      agents; d) attenuate Ca2+- induced contractions of potassium-depolarized aortic
      strips and portal veins concomitant with a dose-dependent displacement of these
      dose-response curves to the right; and e) rapidly relax drug as well as Ca2+ 
      induced contractions of aortas and portal veins. In addition, the data indicate
      that rat portal venous smooth muscle is more sensitive to the inhibitory actions
      of PTB than rat aortic smooth muscle. Overall, these data suggest that
      concentrations of PTB used to induce surgical anesthesia can exert profound
      depressant effects on at least two different types of vascular smooth muscle that
      may be related to actions on movement and/or translocation of Ca2+.

PMID- 1211498
TI  - Characteristics of urate influx in the rat nephron.
AB  - Permeability  of the tubular epithelium to urate presented on the peritubular
      side was studied in anesthetized rats during mannitol diuresis by capillary
      microinjections of [14C]urate and [3H]inulin, [14C]PAH and [3H]inulin, or
      [14C]urate and [3H]PAH. Recovery of isotopes was determined in urine collected
      serially from the injected and contralateral kidney. Appearance and peak
      excretion of urate in the experimental but not in the contralateral kidney
      preceded inulin and coincided with PAH, indicating proximal permeability to
      urate. Recovery of urate was higher from the injected than from the contralateral
      kidney. Urate precession and recovery did not change after addition of PAH (1.5
      6.4 mm) to [14C]urate-[3H]inulin solutions, whereas they decreased significantly
      in the experimental kidney after pyrazinoate (1.6-3.2 mM) addition. On the other
      hand, no effect of urate on [14C]PAH-[3H]inulin injections was detectable. These
      findings are suggestive of a carrier-mediated transtubular influx of urate in rat
      proximal tubule. Absence of competition with PAH may suggest differences in the
      secretory mechanisms for organic acids.

PMID- 1211499
TI  - Glucose turnover values in the dog obtained with various species of labeled
      glucose.
AB  - Recent studies proposed that [2T]glucose is preferable to [14C]-glucose as a
      tracer for the measurement of glucose turnover. However, higher values for
      glucose turnover were obtained using [2T]glucose than with [14C]glucose. The
      present study explores the merit of another species of tritiated glucose,
      [3T]glucose. Utilizing isotope-dilution principles, comparison is made of glucose
      turnover values determined by use of [2T]glucose, [3T]glucose, and [6
      14C]glucose. Glucose turnover using [2T]glucose was 1.51 +/- 0.07 times greater
      than that using [6-14C]glucose, after correction for recycling of 14C. However,
      glucose turnover values obtained with [3T]glucose were similar to those obtained
      with [6-14C]glucose. There were no temporal or quantitative differences in
      appearance of tritium (T) in plasma water after injection of [2T]- and
      [3T]glucose. A methylprednisolone regimen in the normal dog increased glucose
      turnover as determined by all three tracers, but the increase observed using
      [2T]glusoce was significantly greater than that using that two other tracers.
      Thiement for [6-14C]glucose for measurement of glucose turnover in the dog.

PMID- 1211500
TI  - Rattlesnake venom shock in the rat: development of a method.
AB  - A model in Wistar rats (n = 30, 279-345 g) was developed to study circulatory,
      respiratory, metabolic, and lethal effects of an intravenous infusion (30 min;
      1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2.0 mg/kg) of rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis helleri) venom.
      Venom produced perfusion failure with lactacidemia, hemoconcentration,
      hypoproteinemia, and death. The severity of poisoning was proportional to the
      quantity of venom given and to the elevation in lactic acid and hematocrit.
      Hemorrhages in the diaphragm, intercostal muscles, and intestine were observed at
      necropsy. In a separate test, rats (n = 12, 311-355 g) received an infusion of
      1.5 mg/kg of venom or physiological salt solution. Blood volume was measured 30
      min after the end of infusion in both groups with radioiodinated (125I) human
      serum albumin (RIHSA) and 51Cr-labeled rat red cells. Venom produced a
      significant reduction in total blood volume index (35%, P less than 0.001),
      plasma volume index (46%, P less than 0.001), and red cell mass indec (22% P less
      than 0.005). The slope of the RIHSA-disappearance curve of animals that received
      venom was more than twice that of the control group. We conclude that perfusion
      failure following rattlesnake envenomation is associated with hypovolemia due to
      increases in vascular permeabiltiy and hemorrhage.

PMID- 1211501
TI  - Chymodenin, a duodenal peptide: specific stimulation of chymotrypsinogen
      secretion.
AB  - Chymodenin, a basic porcine duodenal peptide, was administered to anesthetized
      rabbits intravenously or added to the medium bathing the isolated pancreas. In
      the 10(-8)M range, chymodenin rapidly increased chymotrypsinogen (ChTg)
      secretion, did not increase lipase secretion, and modestly enhanced protein
      secretion (which could be attributed primarily to augmented ChTg secretion). The
      increased ChTg output was too rapid to be the result of increased rates of
      protein synthesis and could not be attributed to the exocytosis os zymogen
      granule contents because of the enzyme-;pecific nature of the response. In
      contrast to shymodenin, cholinergic stimulation in vitro produced a relatively
      lipase-rich, chymotrypsinogen-poor secretion. Lipase and ChTg outputs, which
      varied relatively independently under unstimulated conditions, covaried in the
      presence of chymodenin. The existence of a duodenal peptide that produces an
      enzyme-specific response supports the hypothesis that the secretion of digestive
      enzymes during digestion is a highly regulated process in which the enzyme
      content of pancreatic secretion varies with differences in the composition of
      intestinal substrates.

PMID- 1211503
TI  - Micropuncture study of renal magnesium transport in magnesium-loaded rats.
AB  - Mg transport in the deep loop of Henle was studied in 15 young rats (50-60 g)
      after acute systemic Mg loading (UFMg (ultrafilterable Mg) 4.77 meq/liter).
      Intratubular Mg was measured with a recently  described fluorometric
      microtechnique. The mean values of the TF/P inulin and TF/UF Mg ratios were 3.32
      +/- 0.13 and 4.25 +/- 0.17, respectively. The proportion of filtered Mg recovered
      in this part of the nephron was therefore 131.2 +/- 5.0%, indicating that an
      appreciable amount of Mg entered the lumen prior to the sites of puncture. A
      significant correlation between the TF/P inulin and TF/UF Mg ratios suggests that
      water reabsorption also contributes to the high concentration of Mg in the loop
      of  Henle during systemic Mg loading. In another series of young rats (90-160 g),
      similarly loaded with MgCl2 (UFMg 5.81 meq/liter), Mg and inulin were measured in
      superficial proximal (PT) and distal tubules (DT). Punctures were paired at two
      sites of the same PT and DT. The Mg concentration increased progressively along
      the PT in such a way that 90.5% of the filtered load still remained in the late
      proximal loops. If superficial and deep proximal tubules behave in a similar
      manner, it may be concluded that the site of entry of Mg is located between the
      late accessible part of the PT and the bend of the loop of Henle. Only 58.0 +/-
      3.0% of the filtered Mg was delivered to the DT, indicating that Mg is
      extensively reabsorbed in the ascending limb, despite systemic loading. The
      proportion of filtered Mg did not vary along the DT, indicating no net
      reabsorption.

PMID- 1211502
TI  - Embryonic and placental development during prolonged inanition in the pig.
AB  - Pregnancy is maintained in a high percentage (79%) of pigs subjected to inanition
      for periods up to 37 days, but few (25%) remain pregnant when inanition continues
      beyond 41 days. All remain pregnant during prolonged inanition (45 days) when
      exogenous progesterone and estradiol benzoate are given daily. Embryo survival
      rates in animals on inanition remain high (88%) and similar to those (89%) found
      in pigs given a full diet. Nitrogen content of embryos increases at a decreasing
      rate after 41 and 45 days inanition; placental nitrogen is markedly reduced at
      those times. By 45 days of inanition, nitrogen contents of embryos and placentas
      are less (P  less than 0.01) than found in dams receiving a full diet. During
      prolonged inanition, exogenous progesterone (80 mg/100 kg) and estradiol benzoate
      (500 mug/100 kg) maintain embryonic and placental development at levels similar
      to those found in animals on a full diet. Maternal stores of protein and energy
      are made available for embryonic and placental developement in the presence of
      adequate levels of progesterone and estrogen, in spite of severe body weight loss
      during prolonged inanition of the dam.

PMID- 1211505
TI  - Letter: Myogenic hyperemia.

PMID- 1211506
TI  - Letter: Wien effect.

PMID- 1211504
TI  - Restriction of hepatic gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis from threonine when at low
      concentrations.
AB  - Experiments were carried out with the isolated perfused liver of the overnight
      starved rat to study the control of the conversion of the essential amino acid
      threonine to glucose and urea from the point of view of its conservation when in
      short supply. The relationships between the concentration of added L-threonine
      and the rate of glucose and urea production showed that both pathways have
      considerable capacity and were saturated at a high (15 mM) concentration of
      threonine. However, these concentration-rate relationships were sigmoidal, so
      that at low concentrations the rates of conversion were disproportionately low.
      Thus at physiologic levels of threonine, no measurable stimulation of glucose or
      urea output was observed. Hepatic uptake of threonine was similarly
      disproportionately reduced at near-physiologic levels. Glucagon stimulated
      glucose and urea outputs in parallel fashion and stimulated the uptake and inward
      membrane transport of threonine at both saturating and low concentrations. This
      and the changes in intracellular and extracellular concentrations of threonine
      indicate the transport is rate limiting for both pathways. If this is so, the
      apparent restrictive property probably resides at the plasma membrane. Since the
      liver is the end point of threonine metabolism, this property would effectively
      limit the utilization of threonine when in short supply.

PMID- 1211507
TI  - Tracheal agenesis.
AB  - Tracheal agenesis is a rare anomaly that produces neonatal respiratory distress
      and has been uniformly lethal to date. In this malformation the entire trachea is
      usually absent, air reaching the bronchi through a communication with the
      esophagus, and the lungs are normally formed. The diagnosis should be suspected
      in any infant in whom improved ventilation is obtained despite difficult
      intubation and abnormal tracheal tube placement. Coexistent cardiac,
      gastrointestinal, and genitourinary anomalies are common. The growth of the
      tracheoesophageal septum and the elongation of the dividing foregut are crucial
      phases in the morphogenesis of this malformation.

PMID- 1211508
TI  - Renal hemangiomas. An  analysis of 13 cases diagnosed by angiography.
AB  - The angiographic findings in 13 patients with renal hemangiomas (one pararenal)
      are presented. The material suggests, contrary to earlier reports, a predominance
      for the female sex and the right kidney. Nine of the patients had macroscopic
      hematuria, of which five had renal colic. Obstruction was found at urography in
      seven cases. Renal angiography is the definitive diagnostic procedure and should
      be performed in all cases of unexplained macroscopic hematuria. Diagnosis may
      eventually be improved by pharmacoangiography or by hemodynamic studies using a
      dye dilution technique, as small arteriovenous shunts may remain undetected at
      angiography. Cardiac decompensation was not noted in our material, even though
      arteriovenous shunting within the hemangioma was seen in eight cases, suggesting
      that the shunt flow in renal hemangiomas usually does not reach levels high
      enough to impair the general circulation. Hypertension was present in only one
      patient, attributed to chronic pyelonephritis. Hematuria disappeared in all nine
      patients operated upon.

PMID- 1211509
TI  - Medullary rays. Visualization during excretory urography.
AB  - The medullary rays are well-defined anatomic structures consisting of bundles of
      renal tubules which form in the renal cortex and continue through the renal
      medulla as the medullary striations. These structures are occasionally visualized
      during excretory urography in abnormal physiologic states characterized by
      tubular stasis and hyperconcentration of contrast material. Under these
      conditions, fine striations are visualized which correspond in position and
      orientation to these structures. The work of others has shown that in tubular
      stasis, contrast material is hyperconcentrated in the tubules. On
      microradiography in normal and obstructed kidneys, the highest concentrations of
      contrast material are seen in the lumen of collecting ducts. Lastly, retrograde
      injection of contrast material into the medullary rays produces a roentgen image
      similar to our illustrated cases.

PMID- 1211510
TI  - The natural history of the upper renal tracts in adults following ureteroileal
      diversion (Bricker procedure).
AB  - The natural history of the upper tracts (170 renal units) of 87 patients
      undergoing total cystectomy and ileal loop diversion has been followed
      roentgenologically for up to seven years. The complications inherent in the
      procedure are illustrated and the appearances of new upper tract tumors
      demonstrated. Of 126 renal units which was obstruction of the anastomosis, seen
      in 29 units. The need for regular contrast material examination of the surgically
      modified upper tracts is emphasized.

PMID- 1211511
TI  - The bleeding marginal ulcer. Catheterization diagnosis and therapy.
AB  - Superior mesenteric arteriography can often demonstrate actively bleeding
      marginal ulcers. Five cases diagnosed by angiography are reported. Pitressin
      infusions of the superior mesenteric artery stopped bleeding permanently in two
      cases, transiently in two cases, and was not attempted in one case. Pitressin
      infusions of the superior mesenteric artery should be attempted before surgery is
      performed for bleeding marginal ulcers.

PMID- 1211513
TI  - Displacement of pontine arteries by fungating pontine astrocytomas.
AB  - Pontine astrocytomas may fungate, encircling the basilar artery and
      pontomesencephalic vein and intruding between these structures and the clivus.
      The tumor thus may prevent anterior displacement of these vascular structures
      against the clivus or produce paradoxical posterior displacement. However, the
      pontine arteries are usually swept forward by the tumor nodules to lie anterior
      to the basilar artery. These arteries are also stretched as they encircle the
      enlarged pons, losing their normal undulations. An increased posterior extent of
      the vessels may be seen, presumed due to hypertrophy or displacement or both.
      These findings seem highly specific for the diagnosis of fungating pontine
      astrocytoma.

PMID- 1211512
TI  - Intracranial hemangiopericytomas. Angiography, pathology and differential
      diagnosis.
AB  - Intracranial hemangiopericytomas are tumors which angiographically and
      histologically can mimic other vascular intracranial masses. The term
      angioblastic meningioma has been applied to this tumor and to other vascular
      tumors. However, hemangiopericytomas have a unique biological behavior and
      prognosis as they tend to recur or metastasize and are insensitive to radiation.
      Hence, the importance of their specific recognition is emphasized. This is a
      report of the roentgenologic and pathologic fidings in five cases of
      histologically verified intracranial hemangiopericytomas. The angiographic
      findings common to these tumors include a myriad of tiny irregular feeding
      vessels springing from a main trunk, an intense fluffy type of stain, lack of
      early veins, and prolonged tumor circulation time. The major arterial supply is
      from the internal carotid or vertebral circulation rather than from external
      (meningeal) vessels. Differentiation from other vascular tumors particularly
      supratentorial hemangioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, as well as from
      vascular meningothelial meningioma is important from both the angiographic and
      histologic aspects.

PMID- 1211514
TI  - Unusual foreign bodies associated with cranial trauma.

PMID- 1211515
TI  - Orifice-view roentgenography for evaluation of the aortic valve.
AB  - Plain orifice-view roentgenograms permit measurement of the area circumscribed by
      calcium in patients with heavily calcified aortic valves. The measurements relate
      well to the actual size of the orifice. Therefore, this roentgenographic
      technique serves in a practical fashion as a non-invasive method for the
      assessment of the severity of the aortic stenosis in such patients. During the
      injection of contrast material, orifice-view roentgenograms serve as a useful
      adjunct to standard aortography. Such views permit assessment of the valvular
      leaflets, size of the aortic ring, and the degree of stenosis.

PMID- 1211516
TI  - Orifice-view roentgenography of the mitral valve.
AB  - The mitral valve can be visualized as if looking directly into the valvular
      orifice by obtaining roentgenograms directed obliquely through the heart at a 25
      degree superior elevation, with the patient rotated 60 degrees in the right
      anterior oblique direction. This view was based upon trigonometrical calculations
      of the spatial orientation of the annulus of prosthetic mitral valves in 25
      patients. Calculations based upon measurement in these patients indicate that the
      area of the orifice of the mitral valve can be shown with less than ten percent
      error due to distortion of the projected image in 80 percent of patients. During
      the injection of contrast material into the left ventricle, orifice-view
      roentgenorgram serve as a useful adjunct to satndard ventriculograms. Such views
      permit assessment of the size of the mitral annulus and the degree of stenosis.
      Plain orifice-view roentgenograms of heavily calcified mitral valves permit
      measurement of the area circumscribed by calcium in such patients. The
      measurements indicate an upper limit of the possible size of the functional
      orifice. Therefore, this roentgenographic technique serves in a practical fashion
      as a non-invasive method for the assessment of the severity of mitral stenosis in
      such individuals.

PMID- 1211518
TI  - The roentgenologic investigation of congenital subglottic stenosis.
AB  - Congenital subglottic stenosis, which is life-threatening to the infant, can be
      diagnosed by the correlation of the clinical and the roentgenologic findings. The
      main clinical sign is the persistence of stridor from birth. The indicative
      roentgenologic finding is a symmetrical narrowing of the subglottic segment which
      is constant in form and length during the various phases of the respiratory
      cycle. Two cases are presented, one confirmed by postmortem examination and the
      other by endoscopy. The etiology of this condition and the differential diagnosis
      are discussed.

PMID- 1211517
TI  - The reconstructed esophagus.
AB  - Reconstruction of the esophagus has been used for more than half a century.
      Benign as well as malignant diseases are treated in this manner. Viscera used for
      reconstruction are: colon, jejunum, and stomach. The different modalities of
      surgical intervention have been briefly summarized. Complications have been
      enumerated with the major ones stressed in more detail. The exact nature of
      surgical procedure should be known before attempting to evaluate
      roentgenologically a reconstructed esophagus. Preoperative roentgen evaluations,
      including barium study and angiography, are indicated for better postoperative
      results. Postoperative roentgen studies are needed to detect most of the
      postoperative complications.

PMID- 1211519
TI  - The various forms of pulmonary varices. Report of three cases and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Ture pulmonary varices are congenital local dilatations of a pulmonary vein or
      veins, with normal or collateral transpulmonary drainage into the left atrium.
      Pulmonary varices do not cause pulmonary venous hypertension, but existing
      varices can further become dilated by pulmonary venous hypertension due to mitral
      valve disease. Embryologically, pulmonary varices may represent residual
      primitive splanchnic venous components incorporated into the pulmonary venous
      system, or atresia of an individual pulmonary vein which occurred at a time that
      enable adoption of unobstructed transpulmonary collateral drainage into the left
      atrium. True pulmonary varices do not produce symptoms, do not change in diameter
      over the years, and, usually, do not require treatment.

PMID- 1211520
TI  - Evaluation of a method for quantifying the angiographic severity of major
      pulmonary embolism.
AB  - A method has been evaluated for the quantification of the angiographic severity
      of pulmonary embolism. There was close agreement between observers especially in
      the more severely affected cases. The method has been shown to be sensitive
      enough to demonstrate highly significant differences between treatment regimens
      and to assist in the selection of treatment at the outset.

PMID- 1211521
TI  - Pathways of extrapelvic spread of disease: Anatomic-radiologic correlation.
AB  - Extrapelvic spread of disease, particularly from gastrointestinal tract
      perforations which may be clinically occult, may first present in the buttock,
      hip, thigh, and even lower leg, and the extraperitoneal space of the abdomen
      itself. Clinical manifestations at these remote sites may be very misleading.
      Anatomic and roentgenologic observations establish the preferential pathways of
      extrapelvic spread. These are related to the insertions and fascial investments
      of the iliopsoas, pyriformis, and obturator internus muscles and the ensheathed
      penetrations of the superior gluteal arteries. Superiorly, extension from the
      pelvic tissues seeks out the posterior pararenal compartment of the
      extraperitoneal region of the abdomen. Roentgenologic signs may first identify
      the presence, extent, and localization of the primary process.

PMID- 1211522
TI  - Improved roentgenologic diagnosis of osteomalacia by microradioscopy of hand
      bones.
AB  - Microradioscopic study of metacarpals in 24 osteomalacic and 34 osteoporotic
      patients revealed excessive intracortical resorption (striations) in
      approximately 60 percent of patients suffering from osteomalacia, but in none of
      the osteoporotics. Phalangeal periosteal resorption was found less frequently in
      osteomalacia than metacarpal striations, and was absent in osteoporotics. On the
      other hand, quantitative evaluation of cortical thickness, percent cortical area,
      bone mineral mass, and density did not show any clear differences between the two
      study groups. It is concluded that the differential diagnosis between
      osteomalacia and osteoporosis may be considerably improved by microradioscopy of
      hand bones.

PMID- 1211523
TI  - The association of cleidocranial dysostosis with hearing loss.
AB  - Three new cases of cleidocranial dysostosis with hearing loss are reported in
      this paper. The significant points concerning this association are: (1) the
      hearing deficit is predominantly a middle ear conduction problem secondary to
      structural abnormalities of the ossicles; (2) there is sometimes a small bone
      conduction deficit indicating either a cochlear or an eighth nerve problem; (3)
      the middle ear hearing loss was corrected surgically in one reported case; (4)
      there is dense sclerosis of the temporal bone which makes a middle ear operation
      technically difficult; and (5) hearing loss with cleidocranial dysostosis may be
      more common than the number of cases in the literature suggests.

PMID- 1211524
TI  - Gastrointestinal manifestations of the muscular dystrophies.
AB  - Five patients with acute megacolon with varied types of progressive muscular
      dystrophy are presented. Dysfunction of smooth muscle among patients with
      muscular dystrophy is reviewed. The extra gastrointestinal roentgen features are
      summarized. Recognition of the diffuse smooth muscular involvement among patients
      with muscular dystrophy is stressed for proper diagnosis and patient management.

PMID- 1211525
TI  - Transient post-vagotomy dysphagia: A distinct clinical and roentgenographic
      entity.
AB  - Dysphagia is a relatively infrequent complication of vagotomy in the
      postoperative period. The most common form is a transient post-vagotomy dysphagia
      which requires not treatment other than the temporary exclusion of solid food.
      Accurate diagnosis is possible on the basis of clinical history and typical
      roentgenographic findings. The onset of dysphagia characteristically occurs with
      the first ingestion of solid foods on the seventh to fourteenth postoperative
      days. A barium swallow examination reveals persistent tapered narrowing of the
      therminal three to four centrimeters of the esophagus. Most cases are relieved in
      two to six weeks without clinical or roentgenographic residua. Five cases of
      transient postvagotomy dysphagia are presented.

PMID- 1211526
TI  - Localization with the EMI scanner.
AB  - Accurate localization of lesions seen on computerized tomographic scans obtained
      with the EMI unit is often difficult due to a paucity of reliable landmarks and
      to varying head angulation. A simple and accurate system of transposing the
      location of any particular lesion to a roentgenogram obtained with the scanner
      tube is described.

PMID- 1211527
TI  - Spontaneous resolution of pancreatic pseudocysts: implications for timing of
      operative intervention.
AB  - Approximately half the clinical diagnoses of pancreatic pseudocysts will be
      erroneous if made during the acute phase of coexisting pancreatitis. Since self
      limiting peripancreatic edema may clinically simulate pseudocyst, previous
      natural history information is subject to question. Occasional spontaneous
      resolution of a pseudocyst has been confirmed in five patients using serial
      ultrasound studies. It appears that although most pseudocysts maintain
      dimensional stability, a few may exhibit relatively rapid changes in volume. The
      pathophysiologic and surgical implications of these observations are discussed.

PMID- 1211528
TI  - Interpretative problems in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
AB  - 1. Of forty-one patients with biliary tract problems studied by endoscopic
      retrograde choledochopancreatography, interpretation of ductograms or endoscopic
      observations in ten could not be accomplished with ease for one or several
      reasons. 2. Although incomplete filling of the bile ducts usually signifies
      organic obstruction, this occasionally is not true. The specific origin and
      histologic character of the lesion causing bile duct obstruction are not
      delineated by retrograde endoscopic cholangiography. 3. Other occasional
      limitations of endoscopic cholangiography include difficulties in demonstrating
      minute stones, in recognizing confusing anatomic variations, and in defining the
      status of recurrent strictures. 4. Inflammatory changes in the duodenal papilla
      can simulate carcinoma, or vice versa, on the basis of observation by the
      endoscopist. The capability of achieving a pancreatogram does not rule out the
      presence of carcinoma at the ampulla producing jaundice. Current technics for
      biopsy of the papilla or ampulla are in some instances inadequate, making results
      of such procedures unreliable. 5. Although endoscopic retrograde
      cholangiopancreatography frequently permits acquisition of vital information for
      the surgeon and occasionally provides unexpected information of significance,
      interpretative difficulties in some instances always necessitate the correlation
      of findings with other available clinical information.

PMID- 1211529
TI  - Progress in biliary stricture repair.
AB  - Between 1967 and 1970 inclusive, 119 patients underwent 158 operations for the
      relief of benign bile duct stricture. During this time hepaticojejunostomy was
      favored for biliary reconstruction, since eighty procedures were of this type.
      Thirty-eight were end to end repairs and the remainder were a variety of other
      types. Of the cases evaluated, 58 per cent of the hepaticojejunostomies and 61
      per cent of the end to end repairs produced satisfactory results. This experience
      is an improvement over a previously reported earlier series from this
      institution. Only three patientd died postoperatively, a significant reduction
      over an earlier mortality. Further experience with the use of the modified Y tube
      has been gained in forty-two cases, and it suggests that the benefits might be
      statistically significant in hepaticojejunostomy if the number of cases were
      increased. We have begun to evaluate the transhepatic circle tube which can be
      replaced, when obstructed, on an outpatient basis, thus allowing longer use of
      stents. Analysis of obstructive biliary sludge in five stents suggests that the
      sludge is a polymer of bile pigment that is insoluble in both aqueous and organic
      solutions and therfore not preventable or dissolvable by the administration of
      chenodeoxycholic acid.

PMID- 1211530
TI  - Endoscopic pancreatography: its value in preoperative and postoperative
      assessment of pancreatic disease.
AB  - Examples of the use of endoscopic pancreatography in the preoperative evaluation
      and postoperative follow-up study of patients with pancreatic disease are
      presented and discussed. Six cases selected from a total experience of forty
      eight patients have been summarized. The direct role of pancreatography in the
      management of these cases is cited. There is a small but definite risk to the
      procedure. With increased use of endoscopic pancreatography, it is hoped that
      earlier diagnoses of a variety of pancreatic diseases will be obtained which will
      permit more accurate medical and surgical therapy.

PMID- 1211531
TI  - Pancreatic abscess.
AB  - Successful management of pancreatic abscess necessitates early diagnosis and
      prompt external surgical drainage. The infection is predominantly gram-negative
      and polymicrobic. Roentgenographic contrast studies are of particular diagnostic
      value. Prompt recognition and external drainage are associated most frequently
      with recovery. Multiple system organ failure is the typical pattern of death and
      should alert one to the possibility of occult sepsis, secondary to pancreatic
      abscess.

PMID- 1211532
TI  - Aberrations in Hollander test response after incomplete vagotomy. Compensating
      effect of antral resection in the dog.
AB  - Acid secretory and serum gastrin responses to 2-deoxy-D-glucose and insulin were
      compared in gastric fistula dogs before and after partial vagotomy and
      pyloroplasty or partial vagotomy and antrectomy. The acid response and serum
      gastrin curve were basically unaltered by partial vagotomy and pyloroplasty.
      Based on the data presented, the acid response to insulin hypoglycemia appears to
      be more dependent on the vagal release of antral gastrin than on direct vagal
      stimulation of the parietal cell. However, acid response to insulin was
      profoundly suppressed to only 4 per cent of control levels after partial vagotomy
      and antrectomy. Although acid response to 2-deoxy-D-glucose was also profoundly
      depressed to 33 per cent of control levels after partial vagotomy and antrectomy,
      it was seven times greater than that seen with insulin. Serum gastrin response
      was abolished after antrectomy to either insulin or 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Finally,
      the question to which we originally addressed ourselves appears to have been
      answered and, in terms of response to vagal stimulation, antrectomy appears to
      compensate for incomplete vagal denervation and may lead to aberrations and
      misinterpretations, raising serious questions as to the validity of the Hollander
      test in patients who have undergone distal gastric resection.

PMID- 1211533
TI  - Calcium infusion test before and after total gastrectomy in the Zollinger-Ellison
      syndrome.
AB  - 1. In a preopertive group of patients suspected of having the Zollinger-Ellison
      syndrome the serum gastrin and gastric acid response to calcium infusion may be
      highly diagnostic. 2. In a group of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome patients following
      total gastrectomy, the gastrin response to calcium infusion correlates well with
      presence or absence of tumor.

PMID- 1211534
TI  - Depletion of antral gastrin after food in rats.
AB  - The results of these studies indicate that in fasting rats, there is an abrupt
      and prolonged rise in circulating gastrin after feeding. This increase in serum
      gastrin is accompanied by an early (five minutes) diminution in antral gastrin
      which is followed by slightly higher and more variable antral gastrin values.
      These findings suggest that feeding triggers the release of gastrin with early
      depletion of antral gastrin and that, subsequently, gastrin syhthesis and release
      interact cyclically to maintain antral and serum concentrations of gastrin.
      Antral, fundic, and duodenal gastrin values in rats are similar to those reported
      in dogs and cats. The jejunum of the rat contains little, if any, gastrin.

PMID- 1211535
TI  - Surgical treatment of late postgastrectomy syndromes.
AB  - An analysis of the experience at the University of California Hospital, San
      Francisco, with the diagnosis and treatment of fifty-nine postgastrectomy
      syndromes shows that stomal obstruction (sixteen patients), the most common
      syndrome, was best treated by total reconstruction rather than stomal revision.
      Disappointment with the results of other procedures for the dumping syndrome (50
      per cent improvement) has convinced us of the need to adopt the use of reversed
      jejunal interposition for surgical treatment of this condition. Because a precise
      etiologic diagnosis of bilious vomiting is often elusive, the preferred procedure
      is isoperistaltic jejunal interposition, since it eliminates the afferent loop
      and prevents bile from entering the stomach. All five patients with malabsorption
      were improved by conversion from BII to BI. Four of five patients with diarrhea
      were improved by various procedures (not including a reversed segment of
      intestine in the midjejunum). Three patients with reflux alkaline gastritis were
      improved by Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy or isoperistaltic jejunal interposition.
      Either is effective. Thus, in our experience if an unquestionable diagnosis of
      stomal obstruction, malabsorption, or reflux alkaline gastritis can be
      established, there is ample justification for an optimistic outlook regarding
      surgical therapy.

PMID- 1211536
TI  - Long-term randomized prospective comparison of Finney and Heineke-Mikulicz
      pylorplasty in patients having vagotomy for peptic ulceration.
AB  - Two hundred patients undergoing vagotomy for duodenal ulceration over a period of
      forty-three months were randomly given Heineke-Mikulicz or Finney pyloroplasty.
      One died of a myocardial infarction twenty-four fhours after operation, six-teen
      died within seven years from conditions unrelated to surgery, nine were lost to
      follow-up study, and 174 were followed up an average of 5.2 years. These patients
      were evaluated for signs and symptoms of recurrent ulceration or complications of
      their operation. A majority underwent postoperative secretoay and gastric
      emptying studies. The proved rate of ulcer recurrence was higher in patients with
      Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty (4 per cent versus 2 per cent); however, over-all
      recurrence (proved, probable, and possible) was 13 per cent in each category. The
      dumping syndrome, seen in 14.4 per cent with Heineke-Mikulicz and 10.7 per cent
      with Finney pyloroplasty, was the most common complication...

PMID- 1211537
TI  - Reflection of information analysis of stimuli and motor preparedness in different
      components of sensory evoked potentials.

PMID- 1211538
TI  - Perception of coloured objects after blinding.

PMID- 1211539
TI  - The human channel capacity and manner of activity.

PMID- 1211540
TI  - Visual fatigue in reading microfilms.

PMID- 1211541
TI  - [Neuronal mechanisms of the functional status of the brain].

PMID- 1211542
TI  - [Changes in the variability of the H reflex and the M response after static
      effort].

PMID- 1211543
TI  - [Changes in the interneuronal apparatus under the effects of voluntary effort and
      fatigue].

PMID- 1211544
TI  - Motoneuron pool and its reserves under the conditions of locomotion in a man.

PMID- 1211545
TI  - The catecholamines as a criterion for the functional state in different
      activities.

PMID- 1211546
TI  - Studies on the functional activity of the adrenal cortex in rats under prolonged
      hypokinesia.

PMID- 1211547
TI  - Excretion of certain biogenous amines (free and conjugated) in urine during
      nervous-sensory and psycho-emotional work strain.

PMID- 1211548
TI  - [Variability of emotional reactions in pilots before flight].

PMID- 1211549
TI  - [Progesterone metabolism in women during menstrual cycle and pregnancy].

PMID- 1211550
TI  - [Combined use of steroid preparations and antiadrenergic substances for
      contraceptive purposes].

PMID- 1211551
TI  - [Effect of high-polymeric RNA on the mitotic regimen of endometrial epithelium in
      ovariectomized rats].

PMID- 1211552
TI  - [Content of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones in the plasma of
      patients with pure form of gonadal dysgenesis].

PMID- 1211553
TI  - [Medico-genetic consultation of girls with anomalies of the development of
      internal genital organs].

PMID- 1211554
TI  - [Treatment of dysfunctional uterine hemorrhage with synthetic progestins].

PMID- 1211555
TI  - [Complex treatment of dysfunctional uterine hemorrhages under ambulatory
      conditions].

PMID- 1211556
TI  - [Radiography in diagnosis of secondary amenorrhea].

PMID- 1211557
TI  - [Regional blood circulation in patients with endometriosis during treatment with
      synthetic progestins].

PMID- 1211558
TI  - [Ovarian function in women with rheumatism and rheumatic heart disease].

PMID- 1211559
TI  - [Prevention of renal-hepatic insufficiency in patients with hemorrhagic shock].

PMID- 1211560
TI  - [Tissue reaction of the endometrium in women having used intrauterine
      contraceptive devices for a long time].

PMID- 1211561
TI  - [Results of complex treatment of trichomoniasis with the use of shock doses of
      trichopol].

PMID- 1211562
TI  - [Specific electric blood resistance in women during physiological pregnancy,
      labor, puerperium and in newborn infants].

PMID- 1211563
TI  - [Origin of hypotonic states of the large intestine in pregnancy].

PMID- 1211564
TI  - [Treatment of climacteric disorders with sigetin].

PMID- 1211565
TI  - [Syndrome of sclerocystic ovaries].

PMID- 1211566
TI  - [Certain data on histoenzymology of the myometrium at the end of pregnancy and
      during labor].

PMID- 1211567
TI  - [Changes of blood coagulation properties of the uterine tissue in pregnancy].

PMID- 1211568
TI  - [Somatotrophic function of the hypophysis during pregnancy and labor].

PMID- 1211569
TI  - [Diagnostic and prognostic importance of determination of chorionic
      gonadotrophin].

PMID- 1211570
TI  - [Biogenic amines and adrenal cortex function in pregnant women with arterial
      hypertension].

PMID- 1211572
TI  - [Certain indicators of blood coagulation in pregnant women with anemia].

PMID- 1211571
TI  - [Prevention of perinatal pathology in prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 1211573
TI  - [Bile-secretory function of the hepatobiliary system in pregnancy].

PMID- 1211574
TI  - [State of interstitial metabolism of tryptophan during pregnancy and labor in
      women having received estrogen-progestagenic preparations].

PMID- 1211575
TI  - [Effect of the interval between births on the incidents of complications during
      pregnancy and labor in multiparae].

PMID- 1211576
TI  - [Dynamics of blood flow to the brain in parturients under the effect of
      analgesics].

PMID- 1211577
TI  - [Pathogenesis of disorders of microelement balance in pregnancy].

PMID- 1211578
TI  - [Rheographic data on peripheral and cerebral circulation in pregnant women with
      arterial hypotension].

PMID- 1211579
TI  - [Characteristics of the course of pregnancy and labor in patients with bacillary
      dysentery].

PMID- 1211580
TI  - [Pregnancy and labor in patients with disorders of adrenal function].

PMID- 1211581
TI  - [Use of prostaglandins for induction of abortion].

PMID- 1211582
TI  - Physician illness committee report.

PMID- 1211583
TI  - Outpatient treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.

PMID- 1211584
TI  - Lumbar epidural analgesia--the pursuit of perfection. With special reference to
      midwife participation.
AB  - Lumbar epidural block for the relief of pain in labour has been reported as
      having a variable frequency of success. Analysis of a personal series of 1544
      epidurals carried out with the close co-operation of midwives shows that, with
      attention to details of management, satisfactory analgesia can be assured in well
      over 90% of all labours. Total failure should be a rare event and the causes of
      more than half the partial failures can be traced to errors of management.

PMID- 1211585
TI  - Posture and epidural block in pregnant women at term. Effects on arterial blood
      pressure and limb blood flow.
AB  - Upper and lower limb blood flow was measured in 4 fullterm pregnant women in the
      left lateral and supine positions before and after epidural block. Radial artery
      mean blood pressure was recorded in 6 full term pregnant women under the same
      conditions. Before epidural block there was a much greater reduction in lower
      limb blood flow (39-1%) than in upper limb blood flow (13-5%) when women moved
      from the lateral to the supine position; this was probably the result of aortic
      compression. Mean radial artery pressure increased slightly by 4-6% due to
      maternal overcompensation in the upper part of the body. After epidural block,
      patients in the lateral position had a mean rise in lower limb blood flow of 25%
      and a reduction in upper limb blood flow of 37-2%. The mean arterial pressure
      remained unchanged. In the supine position there was no further reduction of
      upper limb blood flow; this was accompanied on average by a 9% fall in mean
      radial arterial pressure indicating decompensation in the mother. The leg blood
      flow fell less, 26-9% than before epidural block. In the supine position, a
      greater flow to the legs, associated with a decreased mean arterial pressure,
      would be expected to lead to a diminution in placental perfusion, which is the
      probable mechanism for foetal decompensation. Therefore the supine position
      should be avoided with an epidural block. In other patients it would be wise not
      to rely upon maternal compensatory mechanisms.

PMID- 1211586
TI  - Intravenous anaesthesia by infusion. A technique using alphaxolone/alphadolone
      (althesin).
AB  - Two hundred and seventy-three patients were anaesthetised using
      aphaxolone/alphadolone as a sole anaesthetic agent, administered in either a 10%
      solution or in increments of neat drug. Analgesics were given where necessary.
      This technique was instituted to provide a method of anaesthesia that avoided
      pollution of the atmosphere, with its possible harmful effects. As experience was
      gained, better results were obtained. Overall, 86% of the anaesthetics
      administered were without problems, 12% presented some difficulty, usually minor
      movement of the patient, and in 2% this technique was abandoned.

PMID- 1211587
TI  - Topical analgesia before tracheal intubation.
AB  - The major toxic effects of local analgesic drugs are regarded as due to over
      dosage. A technique of topical analgesia for tracheal intubation using lignocaine
      is described based on spraying the pyriform fossae to effect a superior laryngeal
      nerve block combined with topical analgesia of larynx and trachea which avoids
      excessive exposure of the lowere airway to the local analgesic. The results show
      lower levels of venous blood lignocaine with slower absorption of the agent than
      when similar doses are applied to the trachea. This method is accordingly
      recommended.

PMID- 1211588
TI  - Pupillary constriction and ptosis following caudal epidural analgesia.
AB  - This study reports pupillary changes occurring in seventeen of twenty pregnant
      women at term who received caudal analgesia for the relief of pain in the first
      and second stages of labour. It is suggested that 10 ml or more of analgesic
      solution, injected into the sacral epidural space, reaches high enough (probably
      to T1) to cause meiosis and/or ptosis.

PMID- 1211589
TI  - Horner's syndrome as a complication of lumbar epidural block.
AB  - Two cases of Horner's syndrome complicating lumbar epidural block in pregnant
      women in labour are described. The aetiology of the complication is discussed and
      it is suggested that epidural injections should not be made while the patient is
      in the lithotomy position.

PMID- 1211590
TI  - Paraplegia following epidural analgesia.
AB  - A case of neurological damage associated with lumbar epidural block is presented.
      Muscle paralysis and sensory loss were found in the immediate postoperative
      period and there was partial recovery of muscle power. The possible mechanisms of
      nerve damage are discussed.

PMID- 1211591
TI  - Blood patch for spinal headache. A recurrence and a complication.
AB  - The management of a patient is described who has a blood patch for spinal
      headache, but who had a recurrence of symptoms 1 day later which was successfully
      treated by a second patch. A second case is described in which there was a second
      dural puncture immediately prior to the blood patch and, immediately following
      the blood patch, the patient complained of severe debilitating 'paralysing' pain
      in both legs. This pain was of short duration and the blood patch was successful.
      Some further observations on the use of a blood patch are recorded.

PMID- 1211592
TI  - Labelled adhesive tape for the identification of syringe contents.
AB  - Labelled adhesive tape for the identification of syringe contents with suitable
      dispensers which can be obtained in the United Kingdom is described. The
      equipment can be obtained from the 3M Company at the following address: 3M United
      Kingdom Ltd., Converted Products, Wigmore Street, London W1A 1ET.

PMID- 1211593
TI  - A syringe for extradural analgesia.
AB  - A specially designed 20 ml syringe for eliciting the loss of resistance test is
      described together with a suitably adapted Tuohy needle. This syringe and needle
      are primarily intended for use by those gaining experience in extradural
      analgesia (and such experience is readily transferred to any syringe) but it is
      considered that the consummate ease of operation will be appreciated by others.

PMID- 1211594
TI  - Immediate care of burns.
AB  - The assessment, first aid treatment and immediate care of severely burned
      patients in the Accident and Emergency Department have been reviewed and the
      factors which influence the decision to transfer a case to a specialist Burns
      Unit have been discussed.

PMID- 1211595
TI  - Intravenous regional analgesia using bupivacaine.
AB  - Intravenous regional analgesia using bupivacaine (Marcain) was employed as the
      anaesthetic technique in a series of 50 cases undergoing a variety of surgical
      procedures on the upper limb. A short pilot study was undertaken to determine the
      optimal dosage and concentration of bupivacaine. This was found to be 1-5 mg/kg
      in 0-2% concentration and proved suitable for all patients regardless of age or
      physical condition. The use of bupivacaine produced highly successful results in
      98% of cases. Onset of analgesia was very rapid (3-5 minutes) and profound
      muscular relaxation occurred in approximately half of the cases. The degree of
      muscle relaxation was, however, always adequate for the successful reduction of
      fractures. Only one patient exhibited an adverse reaction to the dose of
      bupivacaine used and this was limited to a brief period of slight drowsiness. The
      results of this series suggest that bupivacaine may provide advantages over
      previously used local analgesic agents for intravenous regional analgesia and
      that it may be the agent of choice for this useful technique.

PMID- 1211596
TI  - Letter: A further source of pollution with nitrous oxide.

PMID- 1211597
TI  - Letter: Information on patients due for anaesthesia.

PMID- 1211599
TI  - Letter: Another intubation hazard.

PMID- 1211598
TI  - Letter: Intubation of the oesophagus.

PMID- 1211600
TI  - Letter: The airway of the edentulous patient.

PMID- 1211601
TI  - Letter: Sedation for local analgesia.

PMID- 1211602
TI  - [The course of the catecholamine excretion during combination anaesthesia with
      halothane and thalamonal (author's transl)].
AB  - On 10 patients who had to undergo a ca. 4 hour operation of the lower abdominal
      region, the pattern of catecholamine excretion before, during and after operation
      was traced. 1. A decrease of systolic blood pressure on average of 80 mm Hg, in
      correlation to the concentration of Halothane and Thalamonal, was recorded. 2.
      The excretion of adrenaline and noradrenalin was significantly lower during
      anaesthesia as compared with the initial value, suggesting a depression of
      sympathoadrenal system. 3. The postoperative amount of adrenaline and especially
      noradrenaline increased markedly, when anaesthesia worn off, postoperative
      shivering started, and surgical wounds caused pain. 4. The excretion of urine
      during operation was slightly reduced, the renal output showed normal amounts,
      when calculated up to 24 hours. The results show, that the combined use of
      halothane an thalamonal because of its depressant effects on the sympathoadrenal
      system is capable of reducing the liberation of catecholamines during
      anaesthesia.

PMID- 1211603
TI  - [Sodium and water balance and renal function in volume expanded dogs under
      neuroleptanalgesia (author's transl)].
AB  - In 8 volume expanded dogs with an equilibrium between input and renal output of
      sodium and water neuroleptanalgesia of 6 hours duration with a total of 9 mg/kg
      of droperidol and 0.35 mg/kg of fentanyl was performed. Under anaesthesia GFR was
      increased by about 10% (p less than 0,02) compared with the conscious state,
      whilst renal sodium and water excretion was reduced by about 50%. From this we
      conclude that active tubular transport of sodium is augmented under
      neuroleptanalgesia. Due to decreased excretion, retention of sodium and water
      increased during anaesthesia changes of functional ECFV tending into the same
      direction. Plasma volume and intravascular protein did not change under
      neuroleptanalgesia compared with the conscious state. Urine osmolality and
      negative free water clearance (TcH2O) increased by about 60% under droperidol and
      fentanyl. In volume expanded dogs under neuroleptanalgesia intravenous
      application of 0.5-1.0 mg of atropine resulted in a temporary water diuresis.

PMID- 1211604
TI  - [The effects of combining halothane and neuroleptanalgesia on the preganglionic
      sympathetic activity, the respiratory centre and the circulation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The effects of Halothane, Fentanyl and droperidol in combination on the
      circulatory system, the preganglionic sympathetic nerve activity and the
      respiratory centre were examined in 21 experiments carried out on cats which were
      relaxed and artificially ventilated with nitrous oxide in oxygen. The results
      showed that even the minimal dosage of 0.5 vol-% Halothane combined with 0.0042
      mg/kg Fentanyl and 0.15 mg/kg droperiodol led to a significant decrease of blood
      pressure and a depression of the sympathetic and phrenic nerve activity both in
      rest and in stress during asphyxia. A dosage of 1 vol-% Halothane produced a
      significant increase in the above mentioned effects when at rest, while the
      doubled dosage of Fentanyl and droperidol combined with the original Halothane
      dosage of 0.5 vol-% produced no marked increase in its effects. A comparison of
      these results with those of previous experiments using only the inhalation of
      Halothane shows that an anaesthesia consisting of 0.5 vol-% Halothane combined
      with Fentanyl and droperidol has virtually equal effects on the decrease of blood
      pressure and on the depression of central sympathetic nerve activity as the
      inhalation of 1 vol-% Halothane alone. Using a combination of 1 vol-% Halothane,
      Fentanyl and droperidol the effects induced by 2 vol-% Halothane are reached.

PMID- 1211605
TI  - [The effects of neuroleptanalgesia on the sympathetic activity and the
      circulation in animals (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of i.v. injected Fentanyl and droperidol used either singly or in
      combination were observed in 50 experiments carried out on cats which had been
      relaxed and artificially respirated. The preganglionic discharges of the cervical
      sympathetic nerve and action potentials of the phrenic nerve, the mean arterial
      pressure and the heart rate were recorded. The experiments showed that with the
      dosage of 0.0042-0.0083 mg/kg Fentanyl no significant change in the recorded
      functions took place. The dosage of 0.0166 mg/kg Fentanyl led to an activation of
      the central sympathetic activity and to a inhibition of the respiratory centre
      which persisted for as long as 60 min after the injections. Other than as above,
      a dosage of 0.15-0.6 mg/kg droperidol led to a decrease of the blood pressure and
      a depression of the sympathetic nerve activity, while the activity of the phrenic
      nerve remained unchanged. The effect on the blood pressure was mainly influenced
      by the central nervous system as the inhibition of the pressor effect of
      noradrenaline was only minimally. The dosage of 0.0083 mg/kg Fentanyl combined
      with 0.3 mg/kg dropendol as administered for neuroleptanalgesia led to a decrease
      in blood pressure and a depression of the central sympathetic and phrenic nerve
      activity both in rest and in stress during asphyxia. The effects were minimal and
      accorded virtually to the effects produced by 0.5 vol-% Halothane during the
      first 25 min of inhalation, which had been registered in previous experiments.
      Contrary to the effects of Halothane, neuroleptanalgesia produced no decrease in
      the heart rate, no depression on the pressor effects of noradrenaline and no
      accumulation of irregularities in cardiac rhythm after administration of
      noradrenaline.

PMID- 1211607
TI  - Editorial: I. Clinical pharmacology.

PMID- 1211608
TI  - Editorial: II. Atmospheric pollution in operating theatres.

PMID- 1211606
TI  - [Characterization of clinical dextrans by gel chromatography (author's transl)].
AB  - A gel chromatographic method for the determination of the molecular weight
      distribution of dextrans on Spheron is described. The linear calibration function
      is valid for the molecular weight range from 10(3) to 10(6). For 8 commercially
      available dextran solutions distribution curves are given.

PMID- 1211609
TI  - Accurate volume ventilation of neonates with maintenance of humidification.
AB  - A method is presented for producing adequate humidification and accurate volume
      ventilation of neonates. This was effected by pressurizing the humidifier and
      fresh gas flow up to the T-piece. By using a ventilator which acted as a timed
      occluder of the T-piece, the system functioned as an accurate flow generator. Its
      precision of ventilation was confirmed with a neonatal test lung.

PMID- 1211610
TI  - Difficulties with positioning Robertshaw double lumen tubes.
AB  - Difficulties in positioning Robertshaw tubes have been reviewed in a
      retrospective and a prospective series. Pre-operative cheat X-rays did not help
      in predicting difficulties. The performance of the Robertshaw tube was carefully
      recorded for each malposition in the prospective series, and the relationship of
      the malplaced tube to the tracheobronchial tree was reconstructed. This exercise
      allowed a more precise definition of the dangers of malpositions and formulation
      of procedure to minimize their incidence.

PMID- 1211611
TI  - Objectives for undergraduate education in resuscitation and anaesthesia for
      children.
AB  - A statement of objectives for teaching undergraduates in the fields of
      resuscitation and anaesthesia for children is presented. The value of such
      objectives and the requirements for undergraduate teaching by anaesthetists in
      Australia and New Zealand are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1211612
TI  - Cardiac pacemaker induced ventricular fibrillation during surgical diathermy.
AB  - Two demand pacemakers were observed to repeatedly fibrillate the heart during
      clinical surgery employing diathermy. Marked hypotension associated with a rapid,
      irregular venticular action was observed in another patient who had a fixed rate
      pacemaker implanted. Pacemakers were tested with function generators over a range
      of frequencies and some increased their rate to between 200-600 impulse/min.
      Animal experiments confirmed that, contrary to manufacturers advice, surgical
      diathermy produces myocardial fibrillation in the presence of some pacemakers.
      Mechanisms of these effects and their clinical significance are discussed.

PMID- 1211613
TI  - Anaesthesia and clinical pharmacology: related disciplines.
AB  - The disciplines of anaesthesia and clinical pharmacology are related in as much
      as both have a mutual interest in the safe and conservative use of drugs in man.
      Anaesthetists have effectively been practising rational therapeutics for many
      years and they have much to offer academic departments of clinical pharmacology
      in terms of teaching and research programmes. Similarly, the clinical
      pharmacologist can usefully contribute to anaesthetic training and research
      programmes in relation to aspects such as education, precise analytical methods,
      data-handling and clinical trial techniques. The inter-relationship of the two
      disciplines can be of mutual advantage and has the potential to provide a
      stronger basis for sound therapeutic practice.

PMID- 1211614
TI  - Diazepam prophylaxis for lignocaine induced convulsions.
AB  - The effectiveness of intraperitoneal phenobarbitone (4 mg/kg), pentobarbitone (6
      mg/kg) and diazepam (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg) in preventing lignocaine-induced
      seizures was studied in rats. Although the barbiturates exerted a marked
      depressant action on wakefulness and gait of the rats, they were still associated
      with a very high incidence of convulsions and deaths following 100 mg/kg
      intraperitoneal lignocaine hydrochloride. Diazepam, however, even in doses (2.5
      and 5 mg/kg) which did not produce marked sedation was able to completely prevent
      convulsions. Mortality was not completely prevented as one animal in each of the
      groups receiving these doses died without convulsing. Diazepam in the dose of 7.5
      mg/kg completely prevented the seizures as well as the mortality but exerted a
      more profound effect on wakefulness and gait of the animals. The effectiveness of
      diazepam pretreatment in preventing lignocaine-induced seizures in rats is
      confirmed.

PMID- 1211615
TI  - Enflurane (ethrane)-a preliminary study in children.
AB  - A clinical trial of enflurane with paediatric patients is reported and confirms
      that it is a satisfactory inhalational anaesthetic agent without serious adverse
      effects.

PMID- 1211616
TI  - A practical apparatus for measuring average exposure of operating theatre
      personnel to halothane.
AB  - A procedure for the measurement of halothane in the breathing zone of operating
      theatre personnel is described. This is achieved by sampling air through a U-tube
      containing silica gel. Concentrations found in operating theatres ranged from
      less than 0.1 to 8 ppm. The method can be used to evaluate exposure over a full
      working day.

PMID- 1211617
TI  - Extractors for anaesthetic gases.

PMID- 1211618
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of thymol.

PMID- 1211619
TI  - Determination of pyrrolidone carboxylate and gamma-glutamyl amino acids by gas
      chromatography.

PMID- 1211620
TI  - Preparative separation of naturally occurring mixtures of polyprenols on
      hydroxyalkoxypropyl-Sephadex.

PMID- 1211621
TI  - Liquid scintillation counting of calcium-45 in biological material.

PMID- 1211622
TI  - Analysis of adenine nucleotides at the picomole level with 32P
      phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase.

PMID- 1211624
TI  - A universal gradient apparatus for multiple organic solvents. I. Principle,
      construction and gradient evaluation.

PMID- 1211623
TI  - A protocol based on gas chromatography--flow counting for monitoring intermediary
      metabolism.

PMID- 1211625
TI  - A spectrophotometric procedure for determining the activity of various rat tissue
      oxidases.

PMID- 1211626
TI  - A peptide mapping technique--a three map system.

PMID- 1211627
TI  - A rapid and sensitive method for studying the binding of ribonucleotide polymers
      to mammalian ribosomal subunits.

PMID- 1211628
TI  - AUDRI, an instrument for the automated performance of kinetic and toxicity
      experiments with cultured cells.

PMID- 1211630
TI  - Synthesis and chromatographic properties of Se-carboxymethyl-selenocysteamine
      (carboxymethyl, 2-aminoethyl selenide).

PMID- 1211629
TI  - A sensitive method for quantitation of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and gamma
      butyrolactone in brain by electron capture gas chromatography.

PMID- 1211632
TI  - Isotope distribution of L-valine-2,3-T.

PMID- 1211631
TI  - A universal gradient apparatus for multiple organic solvents. II. Fractionation
      and elution of serum lipids.

PMID- 1211634
TI  - Notes on the thin-layer chromatography radiometric assay of cholinesterase
      activity.

PMID- 1211633
TI  - Water-soluble phospholipid precursor pool-sizes in quick-frozen and unfrozen rat
      livers.

PMID- 1211635
TI  - Convenient methods to determine the specific radioactivity of (gamma-32P)ATP of
      high specific activity.

PMID- 1211636
TI  - A convenient, inexpensive method of scale expansion for amino acid analysis.

PMID- 1211637
TI  - The staining of sciatic nerve glycoproteins on polyacrylamide gels with
      concanavalin A-peroxidase.

PMID- 1211638
TI  - A slicer for polyacrylamide gels of 3-, 6-, and 18-mm diameter.

PMID- 1211639
TI  - A simplified procedure to determine tryptophan residues in proteins.

PMID- 1211640
TI  - Gas chromatography: elution temperature, speed of analysis, and separation,
      efficiency as influenced by rate of temperature programming and carrier gas
      velocity in open tubular glass capillary columns.

PMID- 1211641
TI  - Solid phase degradation of water insoluble peptides.

PMID- 1211642
TI  - Accelerated liquid isolectric focusing using a direct current source that
      maintain constant power.

PMID- 1211643
TI  - Temperature of acrylamide polymerization and electrophoretic mobilities of
      nucleic acids.

PMID- 1211644
TI  - Charcoal adsorption assay for measurement of colchicine binding and tubulin
      content of crude tissue extracts.

PMID- 1211645
TI  - Appositional growth rate in the spongiosa of unloaded long bones of the dog.
AB  - In agreement with the results of previous investigations on the dynamics of
      diaphyseal osteonic bone in inert skeletal segments, it has been observed that
      the linear appositional growth rate on the trabecular bone of metaphyses and
      epiphyses does not significantly change in unloaded bones, in comparison with
      normally loaded ones. Only during the initial period of unloading, a moderate
      decrement of the aforesaid parameter seems to take place. These findings are
      briefly discussed in connection with the role presumably played by mechanical
      stresses on the processes of bone reconstruction.

PMID- 1211646
TI  - Histological studies on certain autonomic ganglia in the buffalo (Bubalus
      bubalis).
AB  - In the buffalo the sympathetic ganglionic neurons were multipolar and contained
      finely granular or vesicular Nissl material and eccentric nuclei with more than
      one nucleolus. They measured (mean values) 23.62 X 14.30 mum in the cranial
      cervical ganglion, 22.51 X 13.58 mum in the vertebral ganglion, 25.25 X 15.75 mum
      in the cervicothoracic ganglion and 22.84 X 14.27 mum in the fourth thoracic
      ganglion. Their density values were 256 neurons/mm2 in the cranial cervical
      ganglion, 250 neurons/mm2 in the vertebral ganglion, 248 neurons/mm2 in the
      cervicothoracic ganglion and 252 neurons/mm2 in the fourth thoracic ganglion.

PMID- 1211647
TI  - [The fine structure of the lymphatics in the rumen wall of the goat].
AB  - Ruminal lymphvessels from the goat were investigated with light- and
      electronmicroscope after blockade of the lymphdrainage and vascular perfusion by
      means of yellow fix solution. The lymphvessels of the ruminal wall do not
      originate directly from below the epithelium but from the deeper layers of the
      Propria mucosae. As far as ruminal papillae are concerned, lymphatic vessels are
      only to be found at their base. All lymphvessels consist of a basement membrane
      and an endothelium. Only the ones which are situated in the Subserosa or in the
      musculature of the wall are provided with lymphatic valves.

PMID- 1211648
TI  - [The inner lymphatic system of the uterus of the cow. I. Lymph capillaries of the
      perimetrium].

PMID- 1211649
TI  - Ectopical kidney tissue in the left auricle of a rat.
AB  - A case of a 3 months old rat with ectopic renal tissue within the heart was
      described. The renal tissue consisted of well developed parts of the kidney
      cortex like glomerula and tubuli contorti. All parts of the kidney medulla such
      as excretory tubules and kidney pelvis were missing. It is believed that the
      ectopic kidney tissue developed from scattering of metanephric tissue. A
      physiological function of the intracardial renal tissue can be excluded.

PMID- 1211650
TI  - [Comparative study of the aortic arch in Cobitidae].

PMID- 1211652
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic observations on the intestinal mucosa of fetal and
      adult cattle (Bos primigenius taurus)].

PMID- 1211651
TI  - [Studies on the question of a homogeneous chemical composition of the femur in
      swine].

PMID- 1211653
TI  - Lumbrical muscles and contracted toes.
AB  - Dissection of fifty feet revealed a lack of correlation between absence of
      lumbrical muscles and the presence of contracted toe. This is at variance with
      assertions commonly encountered in textbooks of anatomy. Contracted toes were
      found in association with well developed lumbricals. Absence of lumbricals was
      not found to be associated with toe anomalies. These findings leave in doubt the
      function of lumbrical muscles of the foot.

PMID- 1211655
TI  - Neural crest and early fore limb development in amphibia.
AB  - Anterior trunk neural folds were exchanged between neurula stages 15 to 16
      (Harrison) of several Triturus species and Ambystoma mexicanum. Donor neural
      crest cells migrated ventrad before and during initial bud formation. They lined
      the early lumb epidermis and became incorporated into the young blastema. Donor
      melanophores and non-melanophores contributed substantially to host limb buds.

PMID- 1211656
TI  - The distribution of intercellular junctions in the developing myotomes of the
      clawed toad.
AB  - The distribution of intercellular junctions between premyotomal and myotomal
      cells of Xenopus embryos has been described. Intermediate junctions, gap
      junctions, and small desmosomes are found between unsegmented mesoderm cells. In
      the region of myotome formation gap junctions appear to be absent, although close
      appositions of cell membranes are found. Both gap and intermediate junctions are
      numerous between cells of the segmented myotomes; they occur within the myotomes
      close to the myosepts and at interdigitations between the myotomes across the
      myosepts. Gap junctions between the myotomes are found in embryos that have
      hatched and can swim. The observed distribution of gap junctions is correlated
      with physiological data on electrical coupling. Electrical connections via gap
      junctions may produce contraction of the axial musculature remote from motor
      innervation.

PMID- 1211654
TI  - Evolution of mesenchymal cells in fetal rat lung.
AB  - The evolution of connective tissue cells in the developing fetal rat lung is
      studied under the electron microscope from the 15th until the 21st day of
      gestation and is compared to the evolution of epithelial cells. Three successive
      types of stem cells ("mesocytoblasts") are present during the first stages of
      lung development studied (15 to 18 days of gestation). These stem cells appear to
      be able to differentiate into fibroblasts or into smooth muscle cells, according
      to their localization along the broncho-alveolar tubule. Myoblasts are situated
      near the bronchial epithelium, whereas fibroblasts occur under the alveolar
      epithelium. Epithelo-mesenchymal interactions are assumed to play a role in this
      differentiation process. Synthesis of both, collagen and elastic fibers and of
      cytoplasmic filaments by fibroblasts as well as by myoblasts reveal the multiple
      potentialities of the mesenchymal stem cell and suggest a common origin. The
      early fibroblast in characterized by long cytoplasmic processes which contain
      numerous cytofilaments, and by the presence of collagen fibers in the vicinity of
      the cell. Later on, (20 days of gestation) the mature fibroblast of the lung
      mesenchyme shows areas of RER, glycogen and lipidic vacuoles in its cytoplasm.
      Cytofilaments are numerous within very long cytoplasmic processes and elastic and
      collagen fibers are very frequent beside the cytoplasmic membrane. The earliest
      fibroblast differentiation occurs under the epithelium of primitive respiratory
      bronchioles, which indicate the limit between the bronchial and the alveolar
      territories. Later on, differentiating fibroblasts are found throughout the whole
      alveolar walls. Connective tissue cells other than mesenchymal stem cells,
      fibroblasts or myoblasts are observed during lung development. Vacuolar cells,
      similar to Hofbauer cells, transiently appear on the 16th day of gestation. On
      the 20th and the 21st day macrophage-like cells are present in the septal space
      of the alveolar wall. The absence of intermediate stages of differentiation and
      parallel evolution of blood cells suggest that those connective tissue cells are
      differentiated elsewhere and have then migrated from blood into lung mesenchyme.
      No cell death has been observed in the developing lung.

PMID- 1211657
TI  - Use of polarized light for quantitative determination of the adjustment of the
      tangential fibres in articular cartilage.
AB  - According to recent research the course of the tangential fibres is gaining
      increasing importance for the analysis of the first signs of pathological
      alterations in the articular cartilage. In a model-test, parallel-running
      synthetic double-refracting filaments, rotated between polarisator and analysator
      at right angles to each other effect an extinction curve which has two maxima at
      45 degrees and the minimum at 0 degrees. Crossing filaments at different angles
      effects curves which are specific for the different angles in such a manner that
      with increasing angles to 45 degrees the curves approximate to a horizontal line.
      On the other hand the course of the different curves make it possible to
      determine corresponding angles. Then the same method is used to estimate the mean
      crossing-angles of tangential fibres in histological sections of articular
      cartilage with masked collagen fibres. The method is suitable for a quantitative
      calculation of the crossing-angles between 0 degrees and 45 degrees, which cannot
      be defined by the split-line method of Hultkrantz. In contrast to the conditions
      of the scanning electron microscope, the integrating nature of the polarized
      light is advantageous because it permits analysis of a more extensive visual
      field. From comparisons with the test model, a considerable variety of crossing
      angles of tangential fibres in the cartilage can be shown to exist.

PMID- 1211658
TI  - The structural organization of the kidney of the desert rodent Psammomys obesus.
AB  - The architecture of the desert rodent Psammomys obesus has been studied by means
      of standard histologic procedures and by single nephron injections. As other
      rodent kidneys (rat, mouse), the Psammomys kidney consists of two types of
      nephrons, 66% short looped and 34% long looped nephrons. The cortex is composed
      of 4 to 5 layers of glomeruli, which lie closely put together, the glomeruli
      often touch each other. The superficial and the midcortical glomeruli give rise
      to short looped neophrons, the juxtamedullary to long looped nephrons. In the
      strongly developed medulla the inner stripe shows the most striking pattern. It
      consists of two distinct compartments, that of the giant vascular bundles and
      that of the interbundle regions. The giant vascular bundles consist of about 8 to
      14% arterial vasa recta and 39 to 47% venous vasa recta; furthermore they include
      the thin descending limbs of the short loops of Henle which amount to 44 to 51%
      of the bundle structures. The tubules of the interbundle regions surround the
      bundles in a regular pattern. The inner zone is almost completely surrounded by
      the renal pelvis; the long broad papilla protrudes into the ureter. The thin
      descending limbs of short looped nephrons traverse the inner stripe inside the
      giant vascular bundles. Leaving the bundles they turn back within the inner
      stripe; their ascending limbs lie in the interbundle region. Both limbs of the
      long loops of Henle run in the interbundle region, together with the ascending
      limbs of the short loops and the collecting ducts. The long loops penetrate
      deeply the inner zone. Many bends are found near the tip of the papilla. The
      renal pelvis has a very specialized form. It penetrates the inner stripe with
      many complexely shaped extensions, which surround the giant vascular bundles.
      Large parts of the bundles with their thin walled structures are thus separated
      from the pelvic urine only by a single layer of cuboidal epithelium. The possible
      functional importance of the described specializations of the Psammomys kidney
      (giant vascular bundles, large inner zone, special shape of the renal pelvis) for
      the urine concentrating and urea recyclng mechanisms is discussed.

PMID- 1211659
TI  - Alkaline phosphatase in the bovine endometrium and trophoblast during the early
      phase of implantation.
AB  - Alkaline phosphatase in the endometrial and chorionic epithelium from the 22nd to
      24th day post insemination was investigated according to the method of Hugon and
      Borgers (1966a, b). In the precontact phase the reaction products of this enzyme
      were found light microscopically in the caruncular and intercaruncular area in
      the apical part of the uterine surface epithelium. Although a definite,
      continuing reaction line between the maternal and fetal epithelium was present in
      the apposition phase, there was no activity of this phospho-monoesterase
      ascertainable following consolidated adhesion. Independent of implantation, lead
      salt precipitate was observed in the apical cytoplasma in the upper third of the
      uterine epithelial glands. Electron microscopic investigations in the precontact
      phase demonstrated the localisation of the reaction products of this hydrolase as
      electron dense grains on the outer plasma lamella of the uterine microvilli.
      During apposition this reaction appeared on the microvilli of the dark uterine
      epithelium and the cell membrane of the trophoblast cells. In addition to the
      existence of alkaline phosphatase on the microvilli of the uterine glandular
      cells, reaction products were discernable in the kinocilia between the inner
      lamellar of their plasma membranes and the tubules ring, as well as between the
      latter and the central tubule pair. There is a possibility that this hydrolase
      plays a role in the transport of metabolites for the purpose of histiogenic
      uterine milk production.

PMID- 1211660
TI  - Cytochemical establishment of acid phosphatase in the bovine endometrium and
      trophoblast during implantation.
AB  - Acid phosphatase in the endometrial surface epithelium is seen in connection with
      autophagy and autolysis. In the precontact and initial apposition stage, enzyme
      positive Golgi vesicles, lysosomes and secretion granules all indicate autophage
      performance of the dark uterine epithelial cells in the sense of a histiogene
      embryotrophe development. At the time of progressing apposition this is joined by
      cell degradation with the aim of histiolytical uterine milk production. Following
      the completed implantation in the adhesion phase no activity with autophagy and
      autolysis-correlated acid phosphatase can be established. In trophoblast giant
      cells the localisation of acid phosphatase speaks for secretional processes. The
      incidence of this enzyme in the adhesion stage in "ordinary" trophoblast cells
      leads to the supposition of autophage processes which must be investigated in
      more detail. The endometrial gland epithelium shows the same acid phosphatase
      dependent autophage indications in the upper third of the glands as shown in the
      surface epithelium prior to apposition. However, the acid phosphatase activity
      and the secretion deduced therefrom, thus the histiogene embryotrophe
      development, is conserved during the whole early gravidity of the cow,
      independent of the implantation process.

PMID- 1211661
TI  - Morphology of the epididymis of the cock (Gallus domesticus) and its effect upon
      the steroid sex hormone synthesis. I. Ontogenesis, morphology and distribution of
      the epididymis.
AB  - The epididymis of the cock is divided into a main part and an appendix
      epididymidis. The main part of the epididymis is firmly connected to the testis.
      The sperm transporting tubes open into the ductus epididymidis along its entire
      length. The rete testis, as the most proximal part of the epididymis, develops
      from mesenchym cells. The rete testis connects the tubuli seminiferi with the
      ductuli efferentes proximales which develop from the Bowman's capsules of the
      mesonephros. The ductuli efferentes distales develop from the proximal tubules,
      conducting segments (loops of Henle), and the distal tubules of the mesonephros.
      The short ductuli conjugentes which open into the ductus epididymidis, originate
      from the connecting segments of the mesonephros. In the sexually mature cock the
      rete testis, the ductuli efferentes proximales, and the ductus epididymidis all
      show an enlargement in the lumen. In the ductuli efferentes proximales and in the
      ductus epididymidis one can observe a formation of globuli and cell protrusion
      which lead to a loss of the surface structure of the epithelial cells. The
      appendix epididymidis and the capsula fibrosa of the adrenal gland are joined by
      connective tissue. The appendix epididymidis consists of the blindly ending
      ductus aberrans (the crainal continuation of the ductus epididymidis) and the
      ductuli aberrantes which open into the ductus aberrans. The blind ends of the
      ductuli aberrantes end in the capsula fibrosa of the adrenal gland.

PMID- 1211662
TI  - Morphology of the epididymis of the cock (Gallus domesticus) and its effect upon
      the steroid sex hormone synthesis. II. Steroid sex hormone synthesis in the
      tubuli epididymidis and the transformation of the ductuli aberrantes into hormone
      producing noduli epididymidis in the capsule of the adrenal gland of the capon.
AB  - Distinct histochemical and ultrastructural signs of a steroid hormone synthesis
      are found in the sexually mature cock, particularly in the ductuli efferentes
      proximales of the main part of the epididymis and in the blind ends of the
      ductuli aberrantes of the appendix epididymidis. These signs are more distinct in
      the appendix epididymidis of the capon since the blind ends of the ductuli
      aberrantes transform into steroid sex hormone producing noduli epididymidis after
      they sprout out intensively and branch inside or beneath the adrenal capsule. The
      signs of virility were lost immediately after castration. They become more
      distinct again due to the hormonal activity of the noduli. Due to the morphologic
      agreement the noduli epididymidis of the capon are homologous to the noduli
      epoophori of the hen.

PMID- 1211663
TI  - Absorption of the impact energy in the palmar soft tissues.
AB  - In 30 anatomical specimens of the forearm the dynamic fracture of radius has been
      performed with a special hammer. In these specimens the pure kinetic energy of
      the fracture of the radius and the absorption of the impact energy in the palmar
      soft tissues has been determined.

PMID- 1211664
TI  - Association between alphas1-, beta- and kappa-casein loci in two Italian cattle
      breeds.
AB  - The genetic polymorphism alphas1-, beta- and kappa-caseins was examined by gel
      electrophoresis in two Italian breeds, Valdostana and Piedmont. The results
      obtained from acid and basic migration show that the gene frequencies of the two
      breeds are very similar. Non independent assortment of genotypes among these milk
      protein loci was also studied. Results of analyses carried out on loci pairs
      showed that the genetic complex alphas1-CnB - beta-CnA2 was the most common in
      both breeds. In addition, the measure of linkage disequilibrium or gametic
      association (denoted delta) showed a close association between alphas1-Cn and
      beta-Cn, and between beta-Cn and kappa-Cn. No significant association was found
      between alphas1-Cn and kappa-Cn. This is in line with the model proposed by
      Grosclaude et al. (1973).

PMID- 1211665
TI  - A genetic role of isozyme types in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity in the
      young chicken.
AB  - A genetic role of isozyme types in plasma alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity
      within dam families in the young chicken was investigated in a White Plymouth
      Rock strain kept in our laboratory since 1961. Plasma samples were obtained at 32
      and 56 days of age and subjected to horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      and two methods of analysis. A higher level of plasma AP activity of the fast (F)
      type relative to that of slow (S) type was re-confirmed. The F types of full-sib
      chicks had distinctly higher AP activity than the S types. Also within isozyme
      types, family differences were significant in the F type but not in the S type.
      The correlation of AP activities between 32 and 56 days of age was significant in
      the F type but not in the S type, which could be attributed to the effect of
      aging. The genetic control of plasma AP activity in young chickens were discussed
      under a hypothesis of two independent genetic systems, i.e. major genic and
      polygenic.

PMID- 1211666
TI  - Further studies on the genetic control of chicken plasma alkaline phosphatase
      isozyme.
AB  - The effects of neuraminidase treatment on the electrophoretic pattern of alkaline
      phosphatase (AP) isozymes and AP activity were investigated in chicken plasma. AP
      comprised three isozymes. The zymogram of an individual chicken plasma had two
      bands, either the faster (F) or the slower (S) moving band by isozyme types and
      the B band irrespective of isozyme types. Mobility of the S band and AP activity
      in chicken plasma were not affected by neuraminidase treatment. The treatment has
      a reduced migration rate of the F band equal to that of the S band and the B band
      of both types closer to the origin. The genetic control of these bands is
      discussed.

PMID- 1211667
TI  - Esterase polymorphism in the Adriatic sardine (Sardina pilchardus Walb.). 1.
      Electrophoretic and biochemical properties of the serum and tissue esterases.
AB  - At least four zones of esterase activity designated I, II, III and IV were found
      after electrophoretic separation of sera and soluble extracts of sardine tissues
      on starch gel. Each zone consisted of one or more bands that were distinguishable
      from other zones by electrophoretic mobility, substrate specificity and
      sensitivity to various inhibitors. Polymorphism was noted in zones I, II and III,
      while zone IV consisted of a single band. A genetic interpretation of the
      polymorphism was given for zone I esterases in the tissue, which appears to be
      controlled by four codominant alleles. The zones designated I, II and IV in the
      sera and II, III and IV in the liver were characterized as carboxylesterases,
      zone II in the sera was the only one with cholinesterase activity, while zone I
      in the liver tissue was unclassifiable.

PMID- 1211669
TI  - Retina-specific LDH isozyme in blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis (Mitchell), and
      alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus (Wilson).
AB  - The retina of 390 Alosa aestivalis and 410 Alosa pseudoharengus have been
      examined by means of starch-gel electrophoresis. The retina-specific E4 isozyme
      has been found to occur in all the fish examined. This study demonstrates for the
      first time that the E4 isozyme occurs in A. aestivalis. Because the E4 isozyme is
      not polymorphic and has an identical mobility in A. pseudoharengus and in A.
      aestivalis it is neither suitable for use as a species identification
      characteristic nor a population marker.

PMID- 1211668
TI  - The use of carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758), instead of rabbit as antibody
      donor in immunological research on fishes.
AB  - Antisera produced by carp were tested in the differentiation between two cyprinid
      fishes, bream and roach, and between the lipovitellins of two grey mullets, Mugil
      cephalus and Liza ramada. These antisera were more specific in the recognition of
      different fish species than those produced by rabbits. An antiserum against carp
      lipovitellin was produced with male carp as antibody donor.

PMID- 1211670
TI  - Nutrition survey of Finnish rural children. I. Description of the project,
      background data and clinical findings.

PMID- 1211671
TI  - Nutrition survey of Finnish rural children. II. Food consumption.

PMID- 1211672
TI  - [The concept of renal dysplasia. Apropos of 67 cases].
AB  - The aim of this study, based upon 130 nephrectomies in children, was to emphasise
      the importance of congenital lesions in comparison with inflammatory lesions. In
      the context of congenital abnormalities, the abundance of our material made it
      possible for us to review our anatomical findings in the context of clinical and
      radiological data. This had led us to propose an anatomical classification of
      renal dysplasias. Although overlap cases exist, this classification into four
      separate entities according to the nature and extent of the histological and
      topographical lesions is satisfactory by virtue of its clarity. It is an
      agreement with the most recent publications of authors interested in the vast
      problem of renal malformations.

PMID- 1211673
TI  - [Histology and prognosis of cutaneous malignant melanomas. Study of 50 cases].
AB  - 50 cases of malignant melanoma of the skin followed up for more than 5 years are
      analysed according to histological criteria established at the Sydney conference.
      Two groups of 25 patients, one in which the course was favourable and the other
      in which it was not, are compared. Positive conclusions in terms of the prognosis
      may be drawn.

PMID- 1211674
TI  - [Prognostic factors in idiopathic myeloid splenomegaly].
AB  - The study of the evolution of 168 cases of idiopathic myeloid splenomegaly
      allowed to point out the prognostic value of the clinical, hematologic, isotopic
      and radiological parameters. The correlation of these data with the histological
      type of the osteomedullary lesions at the time of the diagnosis, allows to
      confirm the long survival of the hyperplastic formes (type I), and the more
      reserved prognosis in advanced myelofibroses (type II and type III together)
      without it being possible to bring out a significant difference between the
      average presumption of survival of type II and type III considered each
      separately. Indeed, average survival is of 82 months for type I, and 60 months
      for type II and type III together. The regrouping of these two types seems to be
      justified and allows to individualize two anatomoclinical forms. One is
      characterized by hyperplastic marrow with reticulinic fibrosis, usually
      associated with enlarged spleen and sometimes even with polyglobulia but without
      radiological bone lesions. The other form is characterized by a marrow of middle
      importance or frankly hypoplastic, fibrous, with or without osteosclerosis, and
      shows moderate or marked radiological changes (respectively 16,9 p. 100 of the
      cases, and, as a rule, pancytopenia.

PMID- 1211675
TI  - [An unusual case of talco-asbestosis].
AB  - The authors present an unusual case of asbestosis. The latter had very diffuse
      macrophagic and giant cell granulomatous lesions. The morphological findings and
      the history enabled one to relate the appearance observed to the conjoined
      handling of asbestos and talc. A primary adenocarcinoma developed on these
      lesions.

PMID- 1211676
TI  - [Peculiar aspects of viral type particles ("viroplasms") in hepatocytes in
      hepatitis with Australia antigen].
AB  - Electron microscope studies of liver biopsies in 32 cases of hepatitis with
      Australia antigen (aggressive chronic hepatitis, polyarteritis, hepatitis on
      alcoholic cirrhosis and in kidney transplants) showed original intranuclear
      formations. They are different from the usual viral type particles connected with
      Australia antigen and appear to be formed of dense, granulofilamentous
      accumulations, scattered at random in the nucleus, sometimes in close proximity
      of nucleoles and nuclear bodies. Within these accumulations outlines of complete
      or partial rounded particles have been observed the morphology of which resembled
      that of the usual intranuclear particles. Comparison with former descriptions of
      the chronological aspects of viral replication allowed the author to refer to
      these formations by the term of "viroplasms". Thus, they are considered
      representative of an intermediate stage in the formation of the nuclear
      particles. This interpretation would add an argument to the notion of nuclear
      replication of the particles related to Australia antigen.

PMID- 1211677
TI  - [Influence of parenterally injected trehalose in mammals having trehalase
      activity at different sites].
AB  - When trehalose is injected via parenteral pathway into animals lacking kidney
      trehalase (rat), more than 75 per cent of this disaccharide is eliminated in
      urine. When the injected animals possess an active kidney trehalase (guinea-pig,
      rabbit), there is only a low urinary trehalose excretion. Moreover, in rabbit, a
      marked hyperglycaemia is observed which is due to the rapid hydrolysis of
      trehalose by kidney trehalase.

PMID- 1211678
TI  - [Automated determination of serum BSP. Improvement of dialysis by sodium
      salicylate].
AB  - Because of the great difficulty of BSP dialysis in automatized determinations in
      serum the authors investigated the effect of sodium salicylate. They proved its
      good performance with aqueous and proteic solutions of BSP. About 70 mul of
      patient sera is used to perform the analysis with Technicon Autoanalyser.
      Comparison of data from about 220 serum evaluated by their proposed method and
      manual technique are studied.

PMID- 1211679
TI  - [Quality control of analyses and automation].
AB  - Multichannel analysers are becoming more and more usual in biochemistry
      laboratories. Then, a very severe quality control program is requisite. In
      Toulouse a three years experiment was carried out on a computer connected twenty
      four channels Autochemist and an unconnected Technicon SMA 12/60. The traditional
      quality control from control lyophilized serums is still necessary and useful,
      mainly at the level of a region. The remaining valuable methods are automatic
      calibration and statistical controls on frequently tested samples from human
      polled serum and on results from patients, these being provided through various
      procedures.

PMID- 1211680
TI  - A permutation test for periodicities in short, noisy time series.

PMID- 1211681
TI  - Improvement of deep body thermometer for man.

PMID- 1211682
TI  - A mathematical model of the sympathetic-heart period system in the cat.

PMID- 1211683
TI  - Optimization of materials for a user-formed mouthguard.

PMID- 1211684
TI  - Estimation of parameters affecting rapid fluid transfers in the whole body. I.
      Isotonic infusions.

PMID- 1211685
TI  - Graphite fiber reinforced bone cement. An experimental feasibility investigation.

PMID- 1211686
TI  - Social structural and psychological antecedents of self-estrangement and
      powerlessness.

PMID- 1211687
TI  - Cultural conceptions, mental disorders and social roles: a comparison of Germany
      and America.

PMID- 1211688
TI  - [Allergy to animal hair. Cutaneous manifestations (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report 25 cases of allergy to animal hair in childhood. 13 patients
      were polisensitized, and in the remaining 12 hair was the only allergen
      responsible for the clinical picture. The main clinical features are discussed
      and the high incidence of atopic cutaneous signs pointed out. In three patients
      these were the only clinical manifestation. Desensitization was successful,
      although this is, difficult to undertake without a substantial modification of
      the surrounding environment.

PMID- 1211689
TI  - [Plasma levels of HGH, insulin and NEFA in diabetic children (author's transl)].
AB  - Plasmatic levels of HGH, insulin and NEFA are measured after oral glucose loading
      in 14 diabetic children and are compared with those obtained in 7 normal
      children. The average values of HGH are higher in the diabetics at 0', 30', 60',
      and 190', and on the contrary the release of HGH which is produced at 90' and
      120' with a glucose load is increased in the normal controls. None of these
      differences are significant. The insulin and NEFA response observed in the normal
      cases is not observed in the diabetics where the obtained values do not show
      variation with the administration of glucose.

PMID- 1211690
TI  - [Umbilical artery catheterization. A simplified method to predict the catheter
      localization (author's transl)].
AB  - A simplified method is presented to predict localization of the distal tip of the
      umbilical arterial catheter in thoracic aorta. When the segment of the catheter
      introduced equals a third of the length of the baby in cms., a correct position
      between the vertebral bodies of T-6 and T-10 was obtained in more than 90% of the
      cases. With this technique need to correct the position of the catheter and to
      obtain repeated roentgenographic controls is avoided.

PMID- 1211691
TI  - [Modifications of phosphocalcic metabolism in patients treated with
      anticonvulsivants (author's transl)].
AB  - Differences in the seric values of Ca, P and alk. phosphatase before and after 12
      to 18 months of anticonvulsant therapy in 45 patients are reported. They were
      significant for alk. phosphatase in patients under either barbiturates or
      barbiturates associated with hydantoin. For calcium they were significant in
      patients treated with barbiturate plus hydantoins and either one of these plus
      other drugs. It is assumed that supplementary vitamin D can be necessary in these
      group of patients.

PMID- 1211692
TI  - [Tumors of cardiac ventricles (author's transl)].
AB  - Clinical and pathological findings are reported in 3 cases of cardiac tumors
      involving the ventricular septum and free walls. In 2 cases death occurred at
      ages 4 hours and 3 1/2 years and the pathological study revealed the presence of
      rhabdomyomas in the heart and tuberous sclerosis in the brain. The cardiac
      involvement was much more pronounced in the newborn infant than in the 3 1/2-year
      old boy. The remaining patient, is a 6-month-old infant who is still alive. An
      angiocardiographic study performed at age 1 1/2-months revealed the presence of
      multple filling defects which were localized in the ventricular septum and in the
      left ventricular free wall. The angiocardiography was indicated on the basis of a
      previous clinical situation of severe heart failure which had been difficult to
      bring under control. A discussion is also presented dealing with the most
      characteristic clinical features of cardiac tumors in infants and children.

PMID- 1211693
TI  - [Typhoid fever and Salmonella gastroenteritis in children (author's transl)].
AB  - A study on 25 hospitalized children with salmonellosis in the two forms of
      typhoid fever and gastroenteritis is reported. It confirms the higher incidence
      of gastroenteritic forms under the age of 3 years, and of typhoid fever in older
      children. We verify the limited value of the white cell count and the enlargement
      of the spleen. An appraisal of the serologic tests is made. The direct
      relationship between group D salmonella and typhoid fever form is pointed out.
      Finally we analyze the action of ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim
      sulphamethoxazole, due to the current appearance of resistances to antibiotics.

PMID- 1211694
TI  - [Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: Characterisation of its clinical variations
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This study of 42 patients affected with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), in
      which two defined clinical forms are established: febrile and non-febrile.
      Patients with JRA with high temperatures for more than 3 weeks, are included in
      the febrile form when any other cause for the fever can be excluded. In this
      study, 18 patients had febrile JRA, and the main clinical features were the
      higher number of joints involved, the presence of rash and the higher incidence
      of increase in size of the liver and/or spleen. Laboratory studies in cases
      affected by febrile JRA are characterized by higher frequency of high white blood
      count (p less than 0.001) and low frequency of rheumatoid factors (0.025 less
      than p less than 0.05) and antinuclear antibodies (0.001 less than p less than
      0.005). Another finding is the incidence of microvasculitis: 31% in a group of 38
      patients with JRA. Although microvasculitis is more frequent in the form of JRA
      without fever. it is a statistically significant characteristic of both forms of
      JRA described.

PMID- 1211695
TI  - [Common variable immunodeficiency (author's transl)].
AB  - In a boy initially diagnosed as X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia, the later
      clinical and analytical course and the application of new immunological
      techniques led to the new diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency. The
      patient shows panhypogammaglobulinemia, a scarce number of plasma cells with a
      normal number of precursors and circulating B lymphocytes with membrane bound
      immunoglobulins and C3 receptors. Delayed hypersensitivity is absent despite
      normal amount of circulating T lymphocytes which were able to transform when
      stimulated by PHA. The anergy seems primary and not related to the clinical
      malnutrition. The authors make a differential diagnosis between both illnesses as
      a tentative pathogenetic interpretation of B cell development arrest.

PMID- 1211696
TI  - [Anal extrusion: a complication of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for hydrocephalus
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report a case of rectal perforation eight months after the placement
      of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. There was no peritonitis, but an "E. coli"
      meningitis was found. The patient died two hours after surgical removal of the
      shunt. At autopsy, a perforation by the tip of the catheter was found in the
      anterior face of the rectosigmoid.

PMID- 1211698
TI  - [Malformed tumoral hemangioma of the mediastinum. Apropos of 10 cases].
AB  - The malformed tumoral hemangioma of the mediastinum is highly specific tumoral
      entity, which must be distinguished from other varieties of hemangioma -- tumors
      arising in young subjects above all, and frequently large tumors of the
      mediastinum, whose radiological discovery leads to the most disturbing
      suppositions. It is however a benign tumor, most frequently surgically curable.
      Il is not so rare as it is said to be, at least in the child: it can be evoked in
      certain cases and even characterized sometimes. It is always better to avoid
      operative surprises in this connection, in this surgery of the mediastinum.

PMID- 1211697
TI  - [Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Cardiologic considerations (author's transl)].
AB  - A new case of the Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome is reported, associated with a type
      of congenital cardiopathy not described previously in this syndrome.

PMID- 1211699
TI  - [Use of propranolol in permanent essential hypertension].
AB  - The anti-hypertensive effect of propranolol is studied in 35 essential permanent
      hypertensive patients. The decrease in blood pressure in higher in the presence
      (p is less than 0.01) than in the absence of diuretic therapy. The anti
      hypertensive effect is higher in severe than in moderate hypertension. No side
      effect was observed except the decrease in heart rate (p is less than 0.001).
      Dihydralazine was added in 4 severe hypertensive patients and induced in 2 of
      them anginal attacks.

PMID- 1211700
TI  - [Ultrasonics in medical exploration. Introduction: Ultrasonics and today's
      internal medicine].

PMID- 1211701
TI  - [Echography in heart valve diseases].
AB  - The authors discuss the value of echorcardiography in cardiac valvular disease.
      Exploration of the mitral valve gives very precise data concerning diagnosis and
      evaluation of the degree of mitral stenosis. It may be of value in the diagnosis
      of certain complications such as intra-atrial thrombosis and gives reliable
      information in postoperative surveillance. In mitral insufficiency,
      echocardiography sometimes permits the recognition of certain mechanisms such as
      rupture of the cordae, ballooning of the lesser cusp and abnormal kinetics in
      obstructive cardiomyopathy. Exploration of the aortic valve is less informative.
      Aortic insufficiency gives scarcely any direct signs, whilst echocardiography is
      of value in aortic stenosis. Ultrasonic study also is useful in surveillance of
      the kinetics of valvular prostheses. The total absence of risk makes repeated
      studies possible, rendering echocardiography an essential element in the study of
      valvular disease.

PMID- 1211702
TI  - [Current place of echography in ophthalmology].

PMID- 1211703
TI  - [Place of ultrasonic echotomography in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1211705
TI  - [Ultrasonic echotomography of the spleen].

PMID- 1211704
TI  - [Place of ultrasonic B echotomography in the diagnosis of abdominal tumors].

PMID- 1211706
TI  - [Place of echotomographie in the diagnosis of kidney tumors].

PMID- 1211707
TI  - [Functional vascular exploration in the diagnosis of atheromatous arteritis of
      the legs. Interest of the sonographic method].

PMID- 1211708
TI  - [Menopause: apropos of some psychological and psychiatric aspects].
AB  - Menopause, begining of woman's involutional period, may (or must) be
      systematically treated by estrogens, preventing most of immediate or later
      menopausel complications and limitating effects of aging. This use of estrogens
      (which causes many controversies and resistances) has also probably a positive
      neuropsychic effect. The author reminds classical psychopathological explanations
      supporting mental troubles of this period which are usually considered as
      reaction to a crisis, instead properly psychiatric diseases are included in
      involutional pathology. A short review of psychiatric litterature indicates that
      psychiatrists refuse any specificity to menopausal psychic troubles. He points
      out also "the phobia of menopause", the increasing fear of old age in a "youth
      culture", in spite of progress of woman emancipation, social liberation following
      biological liberation (birth control, decrease of child mortality, etc). The
      reports of Jaszmann and Van Keep and Kellerhars are summarized. They show the
      main role of sociological, economical and familial factors in appearance,
      intensity and duration of climacteric troubles and progressive degradation with
      aging of: personnal integration, intellectual and cultural integration, and human
      relation-ships, and mental sanity. These reports seem to indicate that menopause
      is only a critical period of the slow process of aging and decadence. But
      systematic estrogen treatment and improvement of femine social condition should
      change drasticelly these troubles and this decadence.

PMID- 1211709
TI  - [Severe psychomotor instability in child psychiatry. Hyperkinetic states or
      psychomotor incontinence].
AB  - The pedopsychiatric problem of severe psycho-motoric instabilities of
      hyperkinetic states, that we prefer to designate as psychomotoric incontinence,
      is at the origin of great amount of publications of inequal value. After having
      delimitated the concept of severe psycho-motoric instability (hyperkinetic
      syndrome or motoric incontinence) and a critical historic review of the problem,
      the author relates the various clinical aspects with twenty personal cases as
      example. The clinical and therapeutic experience of the author, the etiology,
      pathologic antecedents, neuro-psychological and electro-encephalographic data
      concerning this clinical condition, show that only ameliorations (in 40% of the
      cases), and not recoveries, are to be expeected.

PMID- 1211710
TI  - [Psychiatric disorders in immigrant French Moslems].
AB  - The authors base their report on the case histories of 50 psychiatric in
      patients, all Moslem French immigrants. The common characteristics are: 1. the
      absence of mental illness before immigration and throughout the first years in
      France; 2. a stay of at least one year in France. Five tables illustrate these
      case histories. Once again the question of immigration and in particular that
      concerning Algerian Moslems who chose French nationality in 1962 has been taken
      up. Certain problems concerning the failure of integration of immigrants have
      been highlighted. A bibliography comprising 24 books or articles completes this
      work.

PMID- 1211711
TI  - [A minor form of grief mania].

PMID- 1211712
TI  - [3 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis observed in a psychiatric hospital].

PMID- 1211713
TI  - [Children of alcoholics. Survey of 66 children of alcoholics in a child
      psychiatry service].
AB  - In a department of infantile psychiatry half of children have at least 1
      alcoholic parent (66 over 136). We have compared 2 groups of children: one group
      of 66 children of alcoholics (65 alcoholic fathers 28 alcoholic mothers), and one
      group of children without alcoholic parent. In both group psychiatric illness is
      common: for children of alcoholics mental troubles needing psychiatric cares are
      found for 44 mothers and 20 fathers. Among children of non-alcoholic parents
      mental troubles are found for 19 mothers and 10 fathers. Alcoholic parents are
      more often divorced (21%) and only 40% are living together. Only 46.9% of
      children of alcoholics are bred by non-parental persons (28.5% for children of
      non-alcoholics). Some data (with statistical analysis) are given on children
      development and psychiatric symptoms. Half of 2 groups of children show mental
      deficiency. Among children of alcoholics character disorders and idiopathic
      epilepsy are more frequent. Among children of non-alcoholics cerebral damage and
      symptomatic epilepsy and possibly infantile psychosis are more frequent. This
      emphasizes evidence for many pathogenic factors and very bad milieu conditions.
      These offsprings of alcoholics are children at very high risk.

PMID- 1211714
TI  - Dissociation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum membranes with lithium diiodosalicylate
      and isolation of glycoprotein.
AB  - M. gallisepticum membranes were treated with 0.3M lithium diiodosalicylate (LIS)
      and, on average, 43% of the original membrane proteins were extracted. The
      extract contained particles with a sedimentation coefficient of 13S and some
      aggregated proteins. This LIS extract was immunogenic, stimulating the production
      of haemagglutination-inhibiting, growth-inhibiting and precipitating antibodies
      in rabbits. It was devoid of haemagglutinating (HA) activity for chicken
      erythrocytes but did inhibit the HA activity of membranes of M. gallisepticum.
      This inhibitory activity was destroyed by periodate and trypsin, but not by heat.
      By sedimentation equilibrium in a caesium chloride gradient, the LIS extract was
      separated into a lipoprotein-like and a glycoprotein fraction. The lipoprotein
      like fraction contained the majority of the proteins present in the original
      extract, had HA activity and blocked antibody which inhibits haemagglutination.
      These activities were apparently due to the protein moiety, since they were not
      removed by extraction with n-butanol. The lipoprotein-like fraction behaved
      similarly to the unfractionated LIS extract in immunodiffusion tests and
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, producing one periodic acid-Schiff positive
      band in the latter. The glycoprotein fraction consisted of about 66% carbohydrate
      and 33% protein. The sugar components were identified as glucose, galactose,
      glucosamine, galactosamine, glucuronic acid. The glycorprotein fraction did not
      possess HA but blocked the HA activity of M. gallisepticum membranes. In
      immunodiffusion it produced one faint precipitation band. The possible
      significance of glycoprotein in mycoplasma membranes has been discussed.

PMID- 1211715
TI  - Comparative study on two methods for serotyping of Staphylococcus aureus: the
      Pillet method and the Oeding method. II.-Possible identity between Pillet's
      antigen 9 and Oeding's antigen h1.
AB  - Using two techniques (agglutination and immunoprecipitation), the authors have
      observed that: -Pillet's strain CK9 and Oeding's strains 670 and 17A are very
      similar; -antigen 9 is also present in the three strains; the same relation is
      found in wild strains. Using agglutination and immunoprecipitation, there is a
      cross reactivity between h1 factor serum, serum 9 and strains CK9, 670 and 17A. A
      precipitation line involving strain CK9 and serum CK9 is described in the Pillet
      system. Finally, there is a strong presumption that Oeding's h1 antigen and
      Pillet's antigen 9 are identical.

PMID- 1211716
TI  - [Evolution of fecal microflora in a "heteroxenic" infant maintained in a plastic
      isolator and trial on decontamination by antibiotherapy (author's transl)].
AB  - This work deals with the bacteriological study of an immunodeficient infant,
      delivered by aseptic cesarean section, and subsequently maintained in a plastic
      isolator. After a short period of germfree maintenance, several strains of
      bacteria were fortuitously introduced into the isolator, and became established
      in the infants' gastrointestinal tract. The qualitative and quantitative
      evolution of the fecal flora of this "heteroxenic" infant was followed for 170
      days. Decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract was accomplished with a
      mixture of antibiotics, and the conditions of maintenance of sterility under
      antibiotic treatment were studied.

PMID- 1211717
TI  - [Evaluation of interferon induced by rabies vaccines (author's transl)].
AB  - Two rabies vaccines originated from baby mouse brain or from human explant cells
      tissue culture (calf foetal kidney) with a high protection index induce in mice
      and hamsters a good interferon titre. It seems that the action of this kind of
      vaccine is double: non specific at the beginning by inducing interferon and later
      specific (4-5 days) by producing antibodies.

PMID- 1211718
TI  - Assay of nitrogenase activity in intact plant systems.
AB  - Nitrogenase activity was assayed in intact system of Cichorium intybus, a non
      leguminous commercially cultivated crop, Dahlia pinnata and Helianthus annus, and
      Taraxacum officinale, a common weed plant. The assay was made in fabricated
      cylinders which could accomodate pot with plants. In such kind of assay along
      with rhizosphere microflora, the nitrogen fixed by phyllosphere nitrogen fixing
      microflora could also be accounted, which otherwise was difficult to be accounted
      for.

PMID- 1211719
TI  - [O and H antigens of "Levinea malonatica" (author's transl)].
AB  - A serological study of representative strains of Levinea malonatica allows to
      identify fourteen O factors and seven H factors. The structure of the somatic
      antigens is rather complicated: group factors (1, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14) and type
      factors (2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12) can be distinguished. Flagellar antigens are
      monophasic; reciprocal cross-reactions between H antigens of L. malonatica are
      rarely found. The determinations of O and H antigens are performed by the tube
      agglutination method. A preliminary scheme of serotypes (serovars) is proposed:
      thirty-nine strains of L. malonatica are distributed among fourteen different
      serotypes (serovars). A more extensive serotyping scheme would be useful in the
      future for epidemiological purposes.

PMID- 1211720
TI  - [A study of polysaccharides in fast growing "Rhizobium" (author's transl)].
AB  - This work is an attempt to use the composition of exopolysaccharides in the
      Rhizobium genus as a criterium of taxonomic importance. The organisms were first
      cultured in media and under conditions which led to the production of as many
      polysaccharides as possible. The medium chosen for proliferation conditions was
      Wright's medium; for conditions of non-proliferation conditions was Wright's
      medium; for conditions of non-proliferation, a minimal medium without nitrogen
      was used. The polysaccharides synthesised in Wright's medium consists in neutral
      sugars such as glucose, galactose, mannose and sometimes rhamnose and in uronic
      acid in various quantities. If no mannose is found in the polysaccharides when
      they are synthesised in non-proliferation conditions and if mannans are found in
      yeast broth, it may be thought, as suggested by Humphrey, that mannose would come
      from those mannans. The study of the composition of these polysaccharides enables
      us to sort out two groups of fast growing Rhizobium. The first one, relatively
      uniform, corresponds to the strains of R. leguminosarum, trifolii and phaseoli.
      In these strains, the polysaccharides are made of about 70% of neutral sugars and
      20% of glucuronic acid.

PMID- 1211721
TI  - Sensitivity and resistance of pathogenic yeasts to 5-fluoropyrimidines. II.-
      Mechanisms of resistance to 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
      (author's transl).
AB  - Incorporation of labelled 14C-pyrimidines and 5-fluoropyrimidines (5-FC and 5-FU)
      in four different phenotypes of wild strains of Candida isolated from man showed
      comparable results to those obtained by the minimal inhibition concentration
      (MIC) test. Kinetics studies demonstrated significant rates of incorporation
      after 24 hours of culture in each case. It was also possible to infer the
      biochemical mechanisms of resistance to 5-FC, namely a defect in UMP
      pyrophosphorylase, cytosine deaminase and 5-FU permease in the ease of the
      following phenotypes: 5-FCR 5-FUR, 5-FCR 5-FUS and 5-FCS 5-FUR (R = resistant; S
      = sensitive). In this study, the permeation process was approached by a
      consumption assay which determined the rate of labelled substrates into the
      medium before and after 24 hours of culture. Thus, it was found that the
      consumption levels of the phenotype 5-FCS 5-FUS were very high, while those of
      the phenotype 5-FCR 5-FUR were minimal. The 5-FCS 5-FU5 phenotype had no
      detectable consumption of 5-FU. With regard to the 5-FC5 5-FUS phenotype, it
      seems that the non-incorporation of 5-FC into the RNAs after the consumption by
      the yeasts has a feed back effect on the permeation process.

PMID- 1211722
TI  - [The role of heavy metals and their derivatives in the selection of antibiotics
      resistant gram-negative rods (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have studied 116 Gram-negative strains, 27 of which were sensitive to
      antibiotics and 89 showed multiple resistance. The MIC of mercury chloride,
      mercuric nitrate and of an aqueous solution of mercuresceine were much higher in
      the case of the sensitive strains. The transfer of resistance to mercury, which
      has been achieved in 56% of cases, was always accompanied by transfer of
      resistance to the antibiotics. The MIC of phenylmercury borate, mercurothiolic
      acid and other heavy metals (such as: cobaltous nitrate, silver nitrate, cadmium
      nitrate, nickel nitrate, zinc nitrate, copper sulphate and sodium arsenate) are
      approximatively the same for all strains. The normal concentrations of mercury in
      nature are lower than the rate of microbial selection. But in areas of
      accumulation, particularly in biological chains or in hospitals, the mercury
      compounds could play a part in the selection of antibiotic resistant Gram
      negative bacteria.

PMID- 1211723
TI  - [Supplement No XVIII to Kauffmann-White scheme (author's transl)].
AB  - In that supplement are given the characters of new Salmonella serotypes
      recognized in 1974 by WHO International Salmonella Center. Twenty-six belong to
      the sub-genus I, 20 to the sub-genus II and 8 to the sub-genus III. A new O
      antigen (67) and a new H antigen phase 1 (Z60) have been approved. Biochemical
      and antigenic variants of already known serotypes are described.

PMID- 1211724
TI  - [Antirabies vaccinations in France in 1974. I. Antirabies vaccinations at the
      Pasteur Institute of Paris].

PMID- 1211725
TI  - [Antirabies vaccinations in France in 1974. II. Antirabies vaccinations at the
      Pasteur Institute of Lyon].

PMID- 1211726
TI  - [Antirabies vaccinations in France in 1974. III. Antirabies vaccinations at the
      University Center Hospital of Toulouse].

PMID- 1211727
TI  - [Antirabies vaccinations in France in 1974. IV. Antirabies vaccinations at the
      Pasteur Center of Marseille].

PMID- 1211728
TI  - [Shigella in seawater and in an estuary. I. Frequency of bacteriophages in
      polluted water].

PMID- 1211729
TI  - [Shigella in seawater and in an estuary. II. Tentative inhibition of adsorption
      of shigaphages and studies of Shigella in a selective milieu].

PMID- 1211730
TI  - [In vitro intestinal absorption of sugars in the rat. Changes in concentrations
      of adenine nucleotides and inorganic phosphate in mucosa].
AB  - The absorption of three sugars by the rat gut: glucose, fructose and galactose,
      was studied in vitro' with a jejunal everted loop technique. The concentrations
      of the sugars in the serosal medium and in the mucosa cells were measured at
      given times, as well as the concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP and inorganic P (Pi)
      in the mucosa cells. The time course of these concentrations was analyzed with
      the aid of polynomial regression, using the least squares method.

PMID- 1211731
TI  - [Metabolism of paraffinic and naphthalenic hydrocarbons in higher animals. I.
      Retention of paraffins (normal, cyclo and branched) in rats].
AB  - Apparent retention of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the Rat is studied. Animals
      weighing 150 g are put into metabolism cages and given a 15 mg dose of one of the
      paraffins studied in solution in the peanut oil of the ration. There is no
      urinary excretion, and fecal elimination is low (5-10%), as long as the carbon
      chain stays below 24 atoms. Real retention is measured on animals recieving a
      single dose of 15 mg in the same conditions. Branched paraffins give only very
      low residual amounts 15 days after ingestion, while n-paraffins and cyclo
      paraffins remain unchanged in the carcass, as long as the number of carbon atoms
      is not greater than 20; the proportion of the latter paraffins is about 8% of the
      dose ingested (5 days as 21 days after intake). Beyond C 20, real retention
      decreases rapidly to zero.

PMID- 1211732
TI  - [Metabolism of paraffinic and naphthalenic hydrocarbons in higher animals. II.
      Accumulation and mobilization in rats].
AB  - Accumulation of dodecylcyclohexane and eicosane is observed over a long period in
      rat fed a diet containing 0,1 p. 100 of these hydrocarbons. Carcass retention of
      the amounts ingested is of the order of 7 p. 100; preferential fixation occurs in
      adipose tissue. Almost linear accumulation is observed as long as carcass lipids
      continue to increase. If hydrocarbon administration is discontinued, mobilization
      is slow since only 2/3 of the amount stored disappears in 4 months. Finally, if
      the animals are fed an energy-restricted diet, mobilization of stored
      hydrocarbons, although more pronounced, occurs at a lower rate than stored lipid
      mobilization.

PMID- 1211733
TI  - [Effect of cooking on content of nitrates, vitamin C, magnesium and iron in
      spinach].
AB  - Cooking is known to lower the mineral and vitaminic content of foodstuffs.
      Recently, contaminant became to be a problem in foods, and it was proposed to use
      blanching or boiling to diminish contaminant residues in foods, specially
      vegetables. An example of this attitude is given by the use of blanching to lower
      nitrates levels in spinach specially prepared for baby foods.

PMID- 1211734
TI  - [Quantitative variations in food intake of Ranatra linearis L. (aquatic
      heteropter, carnivore)].
AB  - Among causes of variation of ingestion in Ranatra linearis (Heteroptera) the
      following aspects have been studied:--different stages of development; --annual
      rhythm; --the state of repletion or fast.

PMID- 1211735
TI  - [Effect of nutritional quality of diet on chemical composition of organs and
      their interrelations in Bombyx mori L].
AB  - Changing the qualitative and quantitative level of diet may affect the physiology
      of the insects. However only the total growth of the larvae is generally pointed
      out. Biochemical changes in undernourished larvae have been rarely investigated.
      For this purpose Bombyx mori larvae reared upon Spring leaves are compared to
      larvae reared upon Autumn leaves (poor nutritional value because of their
      Chemical composition). In both cases the analyses were carried out from the
      fourth larval ecdysis to the beginning of spinning. Three measurements indicate
      the development of larvae growth:--the mean weight of the larvae;--the fresh and
      dry weight of fat body;--the hemolymph volume.

PMID- 1211736
TI  - [Vascular sarcomas of the ethmoid sinus (hemangioendothelioma)].
AB  - Vascular sarcomas (haemangio-endotheliomas) are tumours which are very rarely
      encountered in the facial mass. Only 10 cases have been found in the literature.
      Two cases are described: the first patient was operated on in 1968 for a
      localization in the left side of the ethmoid and presented 9 year later with a
      recurrence on the right side symmetrical with the first which remained apparently
      cured; a year later, there was a recurrence on the right then diffuse pulmonary
      metastases. The second case was that of a patient with an ethmoid localization
      cured by radiotherapy and surgery 20 years before, but presenting with a
      recurrence in the ganglia 10 years later and a parapharyngeal recurrence
      developing over the past 6 years. In connection with these two cases, the
      diagnostic difficulties involved in distinguishing these tumours from
      epitheliomas and sarcomas of the facial mass, which sometimes show considerable
      vascularization, from other vascular tumours, benign haemangioendotheliomas,
      glomus tumours and, in particular, haemangio-pericytomas, are described. The
      possibility of a long survival should be noted for some rare facial
      localizations: this is in contrast with the usually very rapid development of
      vascular sarcomas in other localizations.

PMID- 1211737
TI  - [New method of deafness classification].
AB  - Appreciating the difficulties in interpreting tonal audiograms using the
      classifications previously suggested, the authors, inspired by a paper by
      Wedenberg, have compared phonetic studies of phonemes and tonal audiograms. By
      this method they have obtained a simple audiometric pattern indicating both the
      degree of auditory loss and the rate of the curve. This is of value, from the
      point of view of classifying audiograms, for deciding on possible hearing-aids
      and for auditory education.

PMID- 1211738
TI  - [Auditory threshold for white noise].
AB  - The liminal auditory threshold for white noise and for coloured noise was
      determined from a statistical survey of a group of 21 young people with normal
      hearing. The normal auditory threshold for white noise with a spectrum covering
      the whole of the auditory field is between -- 0.57 dB +/- 8.78. The normal
      auditory threshold for bands of filtered white noise (coloured noise with a
      central frequency corresponding to the pure frequencies usually employed in tonal
      audiometry) describes a typical curve which, instead of being homothetic to the
      usual tonal curves, sinks to low frequencies and then rises. The peak of this
      curve is replaced by a broad plateau ranging from 750 to 6000 Hz and contained in
      the concavity of the liminal tonal curves. The ear is therefore less sensitive
      but, at limited acoustic pressure, white noise first impinges with the same
      discrimination upon the whole of the conversational zone of the auditory field.
      Discovery of the audiometric threshold for white noise constitutes a synthetic
      method of measuring acuteness of hearing which considerably reduces the amount of
      manipulation required.

PMID- 1211739
TI  - [Epithelioma of the tip of the tongue. Analysis of a series of 1200 cases].
AB  - The authors carried out a survey of information proved by 16 institutions on a
      series of 1200 cases of epithelioma of the tip of the tongue to present before a
      meeting of European practitioners of curietherapy. They examined indications for
      curietherapy using radium and iridium alone or in association with external
      treatment by telecobaltherapy and gives details of the results -- local cures,
      cures maintained over three and over five years, necroses -- corresponding to the
      degree of development of the primary tumour. They indicate the possibilites of
      curietherapy in lesions of varying size and discuss indications for thorough
      curettage. They draw attention to the fact that lesions at an advanced stage
      chiefly require external irradiation (Cobalt 60 and gamma photons) or combined
      irradiation and chemotherapy.

PMID- 1211740
TI  - [A new case of pseudoneoplastic mucocele of the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 1211741
TI  - [Special problems encountered in 3 cases of frontal osteoma].

PMID- 1211742
TI  - [New type of anesthesia for laryngeal endoscopy].

PMID- 1211743
TI  - [Nicergoline in otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 1211744
TI  - [Curriculum of the state diploma for audioprosthesists].

PMID- 1211745
TI  - [Parapharyngeal nerve tumors (10 recent cases)].
AB  - The authors describe ten cases of these rare tumours. They run through rapidly
      the histological and anatomical classifications. The cases consist of 8
      schwannomas (one retropharyngeal schwannoma, two which had developed in the
      anterior sub-parotid space one of them a malignant schwannoma, the other two were
      two schwannomas of the sympathetic and three schwannomas of the X). A
      ganglioneuroma of the sympathetic and a paraganglioma of the X are also
      described. The authors draw attention to the clinical and anatomopathological
      distinction between the anterior and posterior sub-parotid spaces; to the need to
      treat tumours which develop there by surgery; to the different surgical
      techniques and methods of approach.

PMID- 1211746
TI  - [Congenital malformation of the inner ear and repeated meningitis. Anatomo
      clinical considerations illustrated by a case].
AB  - The atuhors analyze the case of a three-year-old child suffering from an abnormal
      condition of the left internal ear, revealed by copious discharge of cerebro
      spinal fluid at the onset of 5 attacks of meningitis. A direct approach to the
      plate and the bony and aponeurotic contents of the oval fossa made it possible to
      seal this off and this was checked surgically eighteen months later. On this
      occasion a general survey was carried out into the usual circumstances in which
      such a discovery is made, pathological concepts and treatment for these
      accidents. It would appear that unusual permeability may be found either in the
      internal auditory meatus or in the cochlear aqueduct. Therapeutic procedure
      depends on circumstances. Blocking the oval fossa is not always effective and
      should be reserved for cases in which abnormalities impair function. Choice
      between blocking the internal auditory meatus and eradication of the cochlear
      aqueduct depends to some extent on the information supplied by tomography, but
      more on the pathogenetic conclusions reached.

PMID- 1211748
TI  - [Resection of the depressor muscle of the tip in esthetic rhinoplasties].
AB  - Musculus depressor septi nasi is a muscle of facial expression, supplied by the
      facial nerve, it is more or less visible according to the individual. Easily
      exposed, using the intersepto-columellar incision, it is dissected from the skin
      surrounding it, then resected and in cases where the muscle is clearly defined,
      he can be brought up immediately. We consider resection of the musculus depressor
      septi nasi to be invaluable in rhinoplasty: -- firstly, to keep the tip of the
      nose well positioned during; -- secondly, to prevent certain "pseudo crow's-bill"
      deformities; -- finally, to give an impression of length to certain short upper
      (white ?) lips.

PMID- 1211747
TI  - [Primary tumors of the cervico-brachial plexus].
AB  - Together with a description of two cases, the authors analyze all the cases they
      have been able to find in the literature and review the question from the
      histogenic, the anatomo-pathological, the clinical and the therapeutic points of
      view.

PMID- 1211749
TI  - [Contribution of data processing in otospongiosis. Part I. Statistics on
      otospongiosis].
AB  - The use of data processing in their otology clinic allowed the authors a better
      approach to otospongiosis and to its treatment, thus completing the knowledge of
      the otospongiotic disease according to their enzymatic concept. An important
      material has been gathered since 1959 to the present (June 1, 1974), based on
      more than 16 000 stapedectomies and nearly 100 000 otology out-patients. It has
      been studied both through a conventional method and an informatic one on the
      computer of their clinic. Statistical data, apparently valuable, could be drawn
      from this mass of information for each patient, starting from his first
      consultation and following him through his secondary consultations, operation,
      immediate postoperative follow-up and various postoperative check-ups performed.
      It also takes into account the general state of the patient and all the accidents
      which may happen during a remote postoperative period. First of all, the authors
      give the data for these statistics established according to the systematization
      of the parameters for otospongiosis they have previously published in 1973. In
      the first part, they gather statistical data obtained about the otospongiotic
      disease itself, some of which differ from the classical notions of frequency or
      importance. These statistical conclusions confirm some percentages stated by
      other authors (predominance of the woman and of the white race, severity of the
      disease in the young, etc.), but differ in relation to the number of deafs, the
      percentage of unilateral otospongiosis in comparison, to the bilateral ones, the
      importance of pure cochlear otospongiosis, the separate valuation of audiometric
      stages and that of anatomic types, the relation between age and anatomic type,
      finally the respective frequency of pre-and postoperative vertigos. In the second
      part, which will be presented later, the authors will study the postoperative
      functional results obtained within a period of 15 years by stapedectomy according
      to three techniques. But the particularity of this study will be the fact that
      functional results will not be considered only from the operative point of view,
      but from the whole of the factors acting upon the functional result, i.e.:
      operative mechanical factor, otospongiotic cochlear component, finally general
      state of the patient. We will thus have a better knowledge of this very peculiar
      disease of the otic capsule, hat is otospongiosis, characterized by its two
      phases: a first lytic phase provoked by an enzymatic factor, then a second
      rebuilding phase according to a pseudo haversian process. During the long
      progression of the disease, these two phases intermingle and juxtapose much more
      than they follow each other in the course of time.

PMID- 1211750
TI  - [Fronto-ethmoidal anterior encephalocele (case report)].
AB  - The author presents a case of Encephalocele fronto-ethmoidal in a 9 year old girl
      without hereditan or personal antecedent history. Surgery was performed the
      hernial sac was cut and the neck ligated; a piece of fascia of the temporal
      muscle was used as a graft. The patient was seen two years later with good
      result.

PMID- 1211751
TI  - [Surprises in anatomo-pathology].

PMID- 1211752
TI  - [Keloidal cicatrices encountered during surgery of protruding ears].

PMID- 1211753
TI  - [Hearing disorders in children operated on for cleft palate].

PMID- 1211754
TI  - [Meatomyosynangiosis (Ugo Fisch operation) in progressive perceptive deafness.
      Principles, results and indications].
AB  - Meatomyosynangiosis is the operation suggested by Ugo Fisch. It consists of
      positioning a flap of superficial temporal muscle in contact with the
      osteoperiosteal and vasculo-neural elements of the internal auditory meatus. In
      about one third of the cases this operation results in tonal and vocal
      improvement for patients suffering from progressive perceptive deafness.
      According to Ugo Fisch, these results are due to retrograde revascularisation of
      the internal ear starting from the implanted muscular flap. Our own surgical
      experience confirms these clinical findings. The greatest chance of securing such
      an improvement is with young patients under fifty and results from this operation
      in other cases of perceptive deafness are definitely less conclusive and more
      uncertain. The main indication then for this meatomyosynangiosis is, at present,
      for progressive perceptive deafness in young patients with no more than 50 Db at
      lower frequencies. Furthermore, the arteriolar anastomosis pictures we have
      obtained after this operation was carried out on animals would appear to confirm
      the physiopathogenetic explanation suggested by Ugo Fisch.

PMID- 1211755
TI  - [Functional investigation of the sense of smell and its role in the diagnosis of
      sense of smell disorders].
AB  - The authors deal in turn with: -- the anatomical classification of disorders of
      the sense of smell, -- the various clinical and instrumental methods used to
      investigate the sense of smell, -- a practical method of investigation enabling
      the topography and the nature of the lesion to be found when a patient presents
      with a disorders involving the sense of smell. Finally, a classification of the
      various disorders which may be observed is suggested based on the topography of
      the lesion in the olfactory system.

PMID- 1211756
TI  - [Recurrent deforming juvenile nasosinusal polyposis and latent mucoviscidosis].
AB  - Three children from a family of eight,  had a cystic fibrosis diagnosed by Sweat
      test. Two of these had a nasal polyposis wigh widening of the nose, ethmoid and
      intercanthal distance. Every cases of this rare type of nasal polyposis in
      children observed since 1953 (Sweat test) and related in the litterature, had
      cystic fibrosis. It is concluded that cystic fibrosis may be the one only, cause
      of nasal polyposis with widening of the nose.

PMID- 1211757
TI  - [Tissue effects of intra-arterial chemotherapy in pelvilingual cancers and their
      lymphatic metastases (Apropos of 47 cases)].
AB  - Forty-seven patients with pelvi-lingual (mostly T4) cancers treated bAE intra
      arteri chemotherapy (I.A.C.) were studied histologiccaly to discover the effects
      of the chemotherapy. The results observed were classified according to a six
      degree histological scale ranging from total absence of tumoral regression to
      complete involution of the cancer. The product used, dosage, time lapse, clinical
      regression and histological formula were compared with the histological findings.
      The results were also compared with those obtained with other pelvilingual
      cancers treated by radiation and primary surgery and with cancers of the facial
      masse after I.A.C. In the event, 10 tumours remained unchanged after I.A.C., 30
      showed more or less marked changes and 7 completely regressed. Furthermore, the
      metastatic ganglia underwent the same involution as the primary tumour. A survey
      of survival in relation to tumoral regression, showed that, after a sufficient
      time lapse, of the 17 patients with considerable tumoral modification, 11 were in
      a satisfactory condition after 4 or 5 years (65%). Pelvi-lingual cancers are
      therefore a good indication for I.A.C. which gives very encouraging results.

PMID- 1211758
TI  - [Homografts of the tympano-ossicular systems. Technic of removal and
      preservation].
AB  - The use of homografts appears to be a promising method of repairing the sequelae
      of chronic otitis. The authors describe their method of removing the temporal,
      dissecting the tympano-ossicular system and labelling and preserving the grafts.
      A homograft bank can be set up and this is a very necessary preliminary in the
      regular application of this type of surgery.

PMID- 1211759
TI  - [Paradoxical case of intelligibility without hearing in the upper levels in a 17
      year-old subject].
AB  - The authors describe the case of a young man of 17 with no otological history who
      presented with perfect comprehension of language in spite of a total absence of
      hearing above 1500 VD. Obstetrical trauma with anoxia is the only aetiology
      possible. This paradoxical case can only be explained as the result of some sort
      of spontaneous re-education.

PMID- 1211760
TI  - [Pseudotumoral ethmoiditis].

PMID- 1211761
TI  - [Primary intrapetrous meningioma].

PMID- 1211762
TI  - [Importance of the laryngologist's role in peptic stenosis of the esophagus].

PMID- 1211763
TI  - [Technic of cranioplasty using a rib graft].

PMID- 1211764
TI  - Parasitic Protozoa of the blood of rodents. V. Plasmodium vinckei brucechwatti
      subsp. nov. A malaria parasite of the thicket rat, Thamnomys rutilans, in
      Nigeria.
AB  - A description is given of the blood stages of a new subspecies of Plasmodium
      vinckei in the blood of naturally infected thicket rats (Thamnomys rutilans) from
      Nigeria and experimentally infected mice. Sporogony was obtained at 25 degrees C
      in Anopheles stephensi A. quadrimaculatus and A.l. atroparvus, but sporozoites in
      the salivary glands of the mosquitoes were never infective. The new parasite is
      differentiated from 7 other species of malaria parasites of African rodents
      principally on the morphology of the erythrocytic stages. It is designated as a
      subspecies of P. vinckei (P.v. brucechwatti subsp. nov.) because of the (i)
      zoogeography, (ii) morphology of sporogonic stages and (iii) forms isoenzymes of
      blood stages.

PMID- 1211765
TI  - [Predation of Lymnaea (Galba) truncatula Muller by Zonitoides nitidus Muller
      (Mollusca Gastropoda Pulmonata) (author's transl)].
AB  - Zonitoides nitidus is omnivorous with carnivorous tendancies: the presence of
      food coming from snails is required for growth of this predator. This snail is
      not selective for the choice of its preys. Zonitoides cannot be taken for an
      absolute predator for all growing periods of Lymnaea truncatula: eggs and large
      snails are not eaten. This species can be cannibal.

PMID- 1211766
TI  - [Simultaneous presence of a Cestode cysticercoid (Cyclophyllidae,
      Hymenolepididae) and a Trematode metacercaria (Dicrocoeliidae) in Oxydesmus
      granulosus Palisot de Beauvoir (Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Polydesmidae) from
      Dahomey].
AB  - We report observations of cysticercoids of Hymenolepis gilloni (Hunkeler, 1972),
      a flatworm parasite of five species of Crocidura in Africa. The cysticercoids are
      found up against the outside of the gut of Myriapode, Oxydesmus granulosus, from
      Porto Novo (Dahomey). We also found the metacercaria of a Trematode which is
      probably a Dicrocoeliidae.

PMID- 1211767
TI  - [Opisthorchis lomeensis n. sp., biliary fluke of the amphibian Aubria
      subsigillata in Togo].

PMID- 1211768
TI  - [Trichostrongyloidea nematodes, parasites of Microchiroptera].
AB  - 1. a) List of Nematodes collected by Professor Aellen in european
      Microchiroptera. Additionnal morphological data to the study of Molinostrongylus
      alatus, M. panousei, M. skrjabini. Description of M. aelleni n. sp. b)
      Description of M. richardae n. sp., M. benexae n. sp. et M. bauchoti n. sp.,
      parasites of malagasian Molossidae. c) Description of M. colleyi n. sp. and M.
      owyangi n. sp., parasites of Malaysian Vespertilioninae, and of Allintoschius
      dunni n. sp., discovered in Myotis mystacinus from Malaysia and Pipistrellus
      nanus from Africa. 2. Taking into account the characteristics of the synlophe,
      the 17 species of the genus Molinostrongylus may be divided into five groups,
      each one being reasonably well characteristic of the genus of their Chiropteran
      host. 3. The composition of the Trichostrongyloidea fauna of Chiroptera and its
      relationship with Trichostrongyloidea from other Mammals (Tupaiidae, Pholidotes,
      Primates, Sciurides) are analysed. Six groups are separated and divided into two
      well defined lines: 1) genus Strongylacantha, and 2) 12 genera stemming more or
      less directly from the Molineinae, 4. The three conical outgrowths at the tip of
      the female tail which differenciate presently the Anoplostrogylinae from the
      Molineinae appear to be an unreliable characteristic. The two subfamilies form a
      complex group which will be better understood if the evolution of the synlophe
      and that of the caudal bursa of the males are taken into account.

PMID- 1211769
TI  - Parasites of the relict fauna of Ceylon. V. New species of nematodes from
      uropeltid snakes.
AB  - Two new species of nematodes have been found in endemic snakes of the family
      Uropeltidae which is restricted to montane regions in India and Sri Lanka. A
      trichostrongylid, Oswaldocruzia gansi sp. nov., is described from the small
      intestine of Rhinophis drummondhayi from Watawala (1 075 m) and the Namunukula
      area (1 200-1 300 m), R. philippinus from Pallatenne (618 m), and Uropeltis
      melanogaster from Kandy (800 + m). It is distinguished from other species of the
      genus chiefly by the trifurcate nature of the distal end of its dorsal ray and
      the number of terminal processes of each spicule. A cosmocercid, Aplectana
      uropeltidarum sp. nov., is described from the rectum of the same hosts as well as
      of Uropeltis phillipsi from Gammaduwa (720 m), and Rhinophis blythi from
      Talawakele (1 016 m). It was also found in the rectum of Teretrurus sanguineus
      from the Nalumukku Estate, Mandjolai (1 524 m) in S. India. It differs from all
      other species of the genus, especially in the number and arrangement of the
      caudal papillae of the male.

PMID- 1211770
TI  - [Pathogenicity of Entomophthora coronata Cost. Kervork. for the Guadeloupe
      parasol-ant: Acromyrmex octospinosus (Formicidae, Attini)].

PMID- 1211771
TI  - [Microsporidia of the Simulium larvae: systematic, cytochemical, pathological and
      ecological data].
AB  - At present, 10 microsporidian species belonging to the genera Nosema,
      PLeistophora, Thelohania, Stempellia, Octosporea, Weiseria and Caudospora are
      known as parasites in Simuliids larvae. Acid mucosubstances fixing alcian blue
      and proteinic granules rich in -SH groups appear during sporogony in various
      species of Thelohania, Pleistophora, Stempellia. The microsporidan contracts
      intimate relations with larval host-cells of the type host-parasite complex and
      lengthens larval state as well for the size (a morphological aspect) as for the
      respiratory rate (a physiological aspect). This is a very good condition for the
      development of the parasite. The incidence of parasitism does not exceed 8%. It
      looks independant from various physical and chemical factros (stream velocity,
      temperature, oxygen concentration) but it rises with the perimaginal population
      age because of the lengthening of larval life by the parasite.

PMID- 1211773
TI  - [Mesostephanus Lutz, 1935 (Strigeata: Cyathocotyloidea)].

PMID- 1211772
TI  - [Description of Plasmodium aegyptensis n. sp., presumed parasite of the Muridae
      Arvicanthis noloticus in Upper Egypt].

PMID- 1211774
TI  - [Mode of penetration and localization of the larvas of Morerastrongylus andersoni
      (Petter, 1972) (Metastrongyloidea, Nematoda) in the intermediate host].
AB  - The way of entry and the localization of the larvae of Morerastrongylus andersoni
      (Petter, 1972), parasite of African Gerbillidae Rodents, were studied in Limnaea
      stagnalis L. and Planorbarius corneus (L.). The entry occurs by ingestion:
      indeed, in the Molluscs killed immediatly after one-half to one hour contact with
      infested Rodents; droppings, the majority of the larvae are found in the
      digestive tract. After several hours, the larvae are located in the connective
      tissue and in the muscles and they are distributed everywhere in the Mollusc's
      body.

PMID- 1211775
TI  - [Four new species of heligmosome nematodes, intestinal parasites of a Malyan
      Trichys lipura Gunther; comparison with the Congolese fauna of Atherurs].
AB  - Description of four new species of Heligmosome Nematodes parasites of the gut of
      Trichys lipura: --Heligmonella limbooliati n. sp. has a synlophe of Heligmonella
      type and a bursa related to Cordicauda. --Cordicauda trichysi n. sp. is
      characterized by the relatively small dorsal lobe of the bursa, numerous
      cuticular ridges and the origin of the 8th rib at the distal third of the dorsal
      rib. --C. malayensis is closely related to C. trichysi (the female of the two
      species are morphologically identical but the two species can be separated by the
      larger dorsal lobe of the bursa and the longer spicula of C. malayensis). --C.
      magnabursa n. sp. is separated from the other species of the genus by the
      peculiar morphology of the bursa and the female's tail, dorsally bent. The fauna
      of Trichys is compared to that of Atherurss africanus, which is parasitized by 8
      coparasites species: One Heligmonella and seven Paraheligmonina. From a phyletic
      as well as an ecological point of view (relative abundance and species location
      in the gut) the two fauna seem to have evolved in a parallel way, one in Africa,
      one in Asia, from a single Heligmonella type Nematode, after the host's
      partition.

PMID- 1211776
TI  - [Presence of Phlebotomus bergeroti, Phlebotomus chabaudi, Phlebotomus chadlii and
      Sergentomyia christophersi in Morocco].
AB  - The authors indicate the presence at Morocco of the four following sandflies:
      Phlebotomus bergeroti Parrot, 1934, Phlebotomus chabaudi Croset, Abonnenc et
      Rioux, 1970, Phlebotomus chadlii Rioux, Juminer et Gibily, 1966 and Sergentomyia
      christophersi (Sinton, 1927). Among them, Phlebotomus bergeroti, an element of
      eremitic affinity, is found at the north of the Atlas under a sub-humide
      bioclimat.

PMID- 1211778
TI  - [A new synthesis of 6-hydroxy-2-pyridones].

PMID- 1211777
TI  - [Contingency of the intervention of dimethylaminoethanol and its esters as
      precursors of choline during the synthesis of acetylcholine].

PMID- 1211779
TI  - [The laboratory animal and its housing for investigations of drugs and feed
      additives].

PMID- 1211780
TI  - [New perspectives on the catabolism of ascorbic acid].

PMID- 1211781
TI  - [Dische reaction and its prolongation. VII. Specific reaction of glucocorticoids
      with Dische reagent. Analytic applications for anti-inflammatory steroids].

PMID- 1211782
TI  - [Analysis of pharmaceutical products by low pressure chromatography on anion or
      cation exchangers].

PMID- 1211783
TI  - [Microbiologic transformation of alkaloids: action of Sporotrichum sulfurescens
      V. Beyma and Cunninghamella Blackesleana Lendner on coronaridine].

PMID- 1211784
TI  - [Determination of a quaternary mixture by direct ultraviolet spectrophotometry:
      application to the assay of atropine and its principal degradation products].

PMID- 1211785
TI  - [Measurement of the activity of blood substitutes by the tourniquet test.
      Correlation with their rheologic properties].

PMID- 1211786
TI  - [Chemical, pharmacologic and clinical study of traditional and modern chewing
      materials. I. Analysis of chewing gums].

PMID- 1211787
TI  - [Coatings. III. Influence of various filmogenic products and plasticizers on the
      dissolution of tablets with a sodium chloride base].

PMID- 1211788
TI  - [Analysis of ointments, oils and waxes. XX. The chemical composition of lanolin
      wax. 2. Alcohols].

PMID- 1211789
TI  - [Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide and dimethyl-acetamide on the
      bioavailability of rectally administered drugs].

PMID- 1211790
TI  - [The fasciolidal activity of a new compound, brotianide on Echinostoma carponi
      Richard 1964].

PMID- 1211791
TI  - [Study and identification by nuclear magnetic resonance of a series of medicinal
      substances containing a dibenzo (b,f) cycloheptyl group].

PMID- 1211793
TI  - Incidence of inguinal hernia recurrence. Effect of time off work after repair.
AB  - A survey of 260 adult male patients who had undergone inguinal hernia repair was
      carried out to see how long they stayed off work after operation. There was no
      evidence that a prolonged convalescent period reduced the subsequent hernia
      recurrence rate. Evidence from the North American literature suggests that
      patients can resume their usual physical activity without ill effect much sooner
      after operation than is the current practice in the United Kingdom. General
      practitioners should be informed of the advice that has been given to their
      patients about the resumption of physical activities after operation.

PMID- 1211792
TI  - The clinical role of skeletal scanning.
AB  - Malignant disease very often spreads to the skeleton. This is particularly true
      for carcinomas of the breast, the lungs, the prostate, and the thyroid. Knowledge
      of the state of the skeleton in these disorders is therefore desirable since
      patient management will largely depend on the early detection of bony deposits.
      Primary bone disease often spreads to soft tissue (lungs), and the early
      detection of this may alter significantly the therapeutic approach to the primary
      lesion. Traditionally, X-ray skeletal surveys and serum enzyme measurements
      provide indices which can be used in the staging of these disorders.
      Complementary techniques such as mammography, xeroradiography, thermography, and
      radionuclide imaging have been used to provide further relevant information. A
      number of benign bone diseases need early assessment in order to institute the
      best form of treatment. It is of importance to assess the circulation in
      localized areas of bone and to predict the appearance of avascular necrosis, to
      understand the healing mechanisms involved in fractures, and to predict the
      outcome of bone grafting. In this paper the clinical role of bone scanning is
      reviewed, particular attention being given to the recent advances brought about
      by the introduction of the 99mTc compounds. It is important that the non
      specialist should be aware of the great improvement in the results obtained and
      in the help they can give him in deciding on the best management of each patient
      as an individual.

PMID- 1211794
TI  - [Non-alcoholic cirrhosis: contribution of arteriography to its diagnosis and
      etiopathogenesis. Apropos of 80 cases].

PMID- 1211795
TI  - [Radiological bone signs in primary hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 1211796
TI  - [Special radiographic features of the hand in patients with articular
      chondrocalcinosis. A controlled study].

PMID- 1211797
TI  - [Radioclinical study of mammary localizations of hematosarcomas].

PMID- 1211798
TI  - [Pseudo-sarcomatous lymphographs during autoimmune cytopenia and primary
      immunodeficiency].

PMID- 1211799
TI  - [Angiographic study and embolization of a paracavernous dural arteriovenous
      fistula of an unusual anatomical type].

PMID- 1211800
TI  - [Cancers of the kidney and renal bed with digestive manifestations].

PMID- 1211801
TI  - [An unusual case of Albers-Schonberg disease].

PMID- 1211802
TI  - [Arteriography in a case of pseudotumoral tuberculosis of the liver].

PMID- 1211803
TI  - [Isolated Paget's disease in a costal site].

PMID- 1211804
TI  - [Variations on a recognized theme: "Seldinger's technique"].

PMID- 1211805
TI  - [Contribution of echotomography in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses].

PMID- 1211806
TI  - [Comparisons between data from coronarography and post-exercise
      electrocardiography].

PMID- 1211807
TI  - [Angiographic study of primary myocardiopathies (41 cases)].

PMID- 1211808
TI  - [Anatomical-radiological study of ectopic arterial canals. Apropos of 9 cases].

PMID- 1211809
TI  - [Cineangiography by direct opacification of the pulmonary artery. Its value in
      the preoperative assessment of mitral stenosis].

PMID- 1211810
TI  - [Regeneration of the bronchial arteries after direct surgery for hemoptysis,
      Angiographic study].

PMID- 1211811
TI  - [Aorto-caval fistulas detected during an investigation of acute renal
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1211812
TI  - [New profile radiography angle of incidence of the femur neck. Sellier's angle of
      incidence].

PMID- 1211813
TI  - [Reimplantation of the finger tips using a cross-finger technique (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1211814
TI  - [Hand and thermography (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211815
TI  - [Vascular microsurgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211816
TI  - [Two cases of reimplantation of the upper limb (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211818
TI  - [Dupuytren's disease: the computer - aided record used in pr. Michon's department
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211817
TI  - [Long term nerve function in replantation surgery of the hand and digits
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211819
TI  - [Considerations on the origins of the lumbrical muscles: the digastric systems in
      the hand (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211820
TI  - [The clinical manifestations of intrinsic muscle paralysis of the fingers
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211821
TI  - [Capsulodesis versus proximal activation? (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211822
TI  - [The value of second-look explorations of nerve wounds. With 30 case reports
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211823
TI  - [A plea for rehabilitation in sensitivity alterations of the hand (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1211825
TI  - [Intermittent left branch blocks].

PMID- 1211824
TI  - [Study of monophasic action potentials of the myocardium using the endocavitary
      route and its applications].

PMID- 1211826
TI  - [Auricular paralysis].

PMID- 1211827
TI  - [Ebstein's disease].

PMID- 1211828
TI  - [Prognosis and treatment of instable angina pectoris. Apropos of 124 cases].

PMID- 1211829
TI  - [Study of nodal conduction in distal chronic atrioventricular block].

PMID- 1211831
TI  - Villous papilloma of the colon and rectum. Part I. A clinical study of 213
      patients.
AB  - Of the benign colonic epithelial neoplasms the villous papilloma, although rare,
      is reported to become malignant in 30--50%. This paper reports a retrospective
      study of 213 patients with a colorectal villous papilloma. The tumours were
      subdivided histologically according to Wheat and Ackerman (1958) into four
      different groups. 20% of the tumours contained either focal or invasive
      carcinoma. The histology of the tumour correlated significantly (p less than
      0.01) with the size of the tumour with a more malignant grading of the larger
      tumours in general. Blood in the stool, diarrhoea, and mucoid discharge from the
      anus were the most frequent complaints. Malignant change of the tumour was found
      especially in older patients (eighth decade of life) and among women. Patients
      with a malignant villous papilloma complained significantly more of pain on
      defecation than patients with a benign tumour. Over 30% of the malignant tumours
      were already incurable at the time of discovery because of invasion of
      surrounding tissues and metastases.

PMID- 1211830
TI  - [Critical study of endocavity explorations in the diagnosis of paroxystic
      atrioventricular blocks].

PMID- 1211832
TI  - Villous papilloma of the colon and rectum. Part II. A follow-up study of 213
      patients.
AB  - A follow-up study of 213 patients with colorectal villous papillomas was
      performed to assess different methods of treatment and the prognostic value of
      several factors. Recurrences appeared in 26%. Segmental resection of the
      intestine gave no recurrences. The choice of surgical method had little or no
      influence on the 5-year survival rate. The 5-year crude survival rate for the
      whole series was 61% with a relative survival of 80%. The larger tumours had the
      poorest 5-year survival rates. Tumours with invasive carcinoma in the villous
      papilloma had a crude 4-year survival of 16% whereas tumours which did not
      originally show invasive features had a 5-year crude survival rate of 68%. Of the
      whole series 48 patients (22%) eventually died from colorectal cancer. It is
      possible that the invasive character of the tumour had been missed originally so
      thorough microscopic examination of the whole tumour is essential.

PMID- 1211833
TI  - The fate of elderly patients treated in the surgical intensive care unit. A
      survey of 174 patients over 60 years old.
AB  - The fate of 174 patients over 60 years old treated in the surgical intensive care
      unit was investigated. During their stay in the hospital the mortality was 39%
      and 24% in the selected group when hopeless cases with malignancies, mesenteric
      thrombosis and severe brain lesions were excluded. The prognosis was not affected
      by the age or concomitant diseases. The importance of meticulous preoperative
      treatment and surgery is stressed. Modern intensive care in special units has
      changed the prognosis of aged patients greatly.

PMID- 1211834
TI  - Treatment of cerebral embolism in heart surgery.
AB  - The results in the treatment of air embolism in open heart surgery are presented.
      Two cases of gaseous cerebral embolism are described. One of the patients had a
      period of unconsciousness of 54 hours, the other of 17 days. Therapy included
      administration of vasoactive drugs (xanthinol nicotinate 1500 mg 2 times daily as
      an intravenous drip) combined with superficial hypothermia (32 degrees C). In
      both cases complete recovery was achieved.

PMID- 1211835
TI  - Disturbances in the function of cardiac pacemaker caused by short wave and
      microwave diathermies and pulsed high frequency current.
AB  - The effect of short wave diathermy, pulsed high frequency current (Diapulse,
      Curapuls) and microwave diathermy on the function of an implantable cardiac
      pacemaker and its leads was examined by measuring the output (voltage) and rate
      of the pacemaker under various experimental conditions. It appeared that all
      these devices had a decreasing effect on the output and an increasing effect on
      the rate of the pacemaker. When therapeutic doses (power) were applied the
      greatest changes in output and rate were caused by microwave diathermy and the
      slightest by Curapuls. The clinical precautionary measures based on these
      observations are discussed.

PMID- 1211836
TI  - Effects of intra-aortic balloon pumping on experimental acute myocardial
      ischaemia.
AB  - In an experimental study on dogs, effects of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP)
      on acute myocardial ischaemia without marked cardiac failure were analyzed. With
      the use of epicardial ST-segment recording IABP was shown to significantly reduce
      ischaemia when pumping was initiated 10 minutes after left anterior descending
      coronary artery ligation. Prior to coronary ligation the mean ST-segment height
      was 6.4 +/- 0.8 mV (mean +/- SE) and 10 minutes after the ligation it was 21.5 +/
      4.6 mV. During pumping ST-segment elevation increased to 6.9 +/- 0.7 mV. A dual
      chambered intra-aortic balloon was used, and six dogs were treated with IABP. In
      the control dog no tendency to spontaneous ST-segment decrease was seen.

PMID- 1211837
TI  - First trimester abortion by vacuum aspiration.
AB  - To compare the efficacy and complications of using the 8 mm diameter metal and
      flexible plastic cannulae for performing abortions of pregnancies of 7--10
      menstrual weeks' gestation by vacuum aspiration, a comparative study was
      conducted. Both types of cannulae were randomly assigned to 300 subjects in a
      study design where the physician who performed the abortion was not the same
      person who evaluated the subject after the abortion or at the time of the follow
      up visit. All abortions were performed under paracervical block anesthetic after
      mechanical dilatation of the cervix to 8.6 mm. The rates of specific
      complications, blood loss and the need for secondary procedures to complete the
      abortion were not significantly different for the two types of cannulae. The
      amount of tissue obtained with a routine curette check following the vacuum
      aspiration, and the incidence of cannula obstruction were similar for the two
      types of cannulae.

PMID- 1211838
TI  - [Combined grafts of mucosa, sub-mucosa and muscular fibers from 1 lip vermilion
      to the other].

PMID- 1211840
TI  - [Palatal clefts and hearing].

PMID- 1211839
TI  - [Heavy injuries of the craniofacial border area. Value of global primary repair].

PMID- 1211841
TI  - [Early bone deformaties in monolateral facial clefts].

PMID- 1211843
TI  - [Value and indication of epiplooplasty with graft by Kiricuta's method after
      radical mastectomy].

PMID- 1211842
TI  - [Use of the greater omentum: anatomical and radiological basis].

PMID- 1211844
TI  - [Bucloxic acid in plastic surgery].

PMID- 1211845
TI  - Ethical guidelines for biomedical research.

PMID- 1211846
TI  - HL-A antigens in psoriasis with special reference to the clinical type, age of
      onset, exacerbations after respiratory infections and occurrence of arthritis.
AB  - HL-A typing was performed in a series of 125 patients with common psoriasis, 12
      patients with flexural psoriasis, 16 patients with erythrodermic psoriasis and 16
      patients with generalized pustular psoriasis, and compared with typing in a
      control population. The HL-A antigens 13 and 17 were significantly increased in
      patients with common psoriasis and erythrodermic psoriasis. HL-A 17 was also
      found in two of the 16 patients with generalized pustular psoriasis. Neither HL-A
      13 nor 17 was increased in patients with flexural psoriasis. It is suggested that
      flexular psoriasis might be genetically distinct from common psoriasis. TY was
      increased in patients with common psoriasis. The increase of HL-A 13, 17 and TY
      was most marked in patients with onset of psoriasis before the age of 40 years.
      HL-A 13 was found in 38 per cent of the 40 patients with infection-related
      exacerbations of psoriasis, but only in 17 per cent (p = 0.012) of the remaining
      129 patients. HL-A 27 was found in 58 per cent of the 26 patients with sacro
      iliitis and in 27 per cent of the 41 patients with peripheral arthritis without
      sacro-iliitis, but only in eight per cent of the 102 non-arthritic patients (p
      less than 0.001) and p less than 0.01, respectively).

PMID- 1211847
TI  - Regional renal blood flow in hypertensive patients.
AB  - Renal blood flow measurements in three regions of each kidney were carried out in
      eighteen hypertensive patients using the radioactive Xenon-133 washout technique
      in conjunction with renal angiography. It was found that the regional differences
      were generally small but differences existed in four patients significant in
      spite of normal angiographic findings. The reduction in blood flow in the two
      kidneys was generally of the same degree which implies a uniform response to the
      elevated blood pressure.

PMID- 1211848
TI  - Inactive pulmonary lesions: a potent risk factor of tuberculosis.
AB  - Case histories and previous chest X-ray films of 142 patients with
      bacteriologically confirmed active pulmonary tuberculosis from eastern Finland
      were re-examined. In 18% of the series the disease was a reactivation of
      previously diagnosed and treated tuberculosis. In 70% of the patients with first
      clinical attack of tuberculosis, previous RP-films revealed fibrotic lesions in
      the lungs. Only 23% of the whole series had no previous abnormality on chest X
      ray examination or previous clinical tuberculosis. Fibrotic pulmonary lesions are
      therefore a significant risk factor in the epidemiology of pulmonary
      tuberculosis, which has been given too little attention.

PMID- 1211849
TI  - Carcinoma of the oesophagus and gastric cardia at autopsy in Finland.
AB  - 154 patients in 16,523 consecutive autopsies had carcinoma of the oesophagus or
      gastric cardia. Thirty-three of these patients had had an oesophagogastric
      resection, 33 radiation therapy and 88 no effective therapy. In 47% of the cases
      given effective treatment (66 cases) no tumour tissue was detected at the
      autopsy. 20% of patients with no effective therapy had a localised tumour. Most
      of the localised tumours were in the lower third of the thoracic oesophagus. When
      an oesophageal or cardiac carcinoma without effective therapy was no longer
      localised, it was more than twice as likely that the tumour had already spread in
      combined ways. The localised stage and the local invasion of the tumour were to
      some extent dependent on the length of the tumour, but distant metastasizing was
      not dependent on it. 84% of the cases had direct or indirect complications caused
      by the tumour. The patients with oesophageal carcinoma had died twice as often of
      tumour complications than of metastases, whereas cardiac carcinomas led to death
      from metastases considerably more often than from tumour complications. The
      series included three cases of aorto-oesophageal fistula.

PMID- 1211850
TI  - Light microscopic characteristics of megathrombocytes in platelet spreading
      preparations.
AB  - In platelet spreading preparations some characteristics of unusually large
      "megathrombocytes" were examined with the light microscope. The appearance of the
      extremely large spreading forms was a sign for onset of brisk platelet
      reproduction in severe acute thrombocytopenic states.

PMID- 1211851
TI  - The first five years of Annals of Clinical Research. Its international use with
      special reference to citation analysis.
AB  - The use of Annals of Clinical Research internationally was studied by citation
      analysis, its presence in the information retrieval systems and library
      collections and also by its distribution. According to the journal citation
      search from ASCA the 308 articles in Annals of Clinical Research published during
      1969-73 were cited 297 times between October 1973 and October 1974. The impact
      factor, ie. the number of citations divided by the number of articles published
      during 1971-72 was 1,163. Annals of Clinical Research had been mostly cited in
      the United states, Great Britain, France, Sweden and West-Germany. Occasional
      citations came from all over the world. It is well included in the biomedical
      information retrieval systems. On basis of some union catalogues Annals of
      Clinical Research is in collections of big libraries covering their field widely.
      878 subscriptions are distributed to all parts of the world.

PMID- 1211852
TI  - Skin manifestations in human yersiniosis.
AB  - In 1969-1973, acute yersiniosis was diagnosed in 30 cases of erythema nodosum
      (EN), in 6 cases of EN and simultaneous erythema multiforme (EM), in one case of
      EN and erythema figuratum, in one case of EM, and in one case of drug eruption
      like exanthema, respectively. During these years, 180 patients with EN due to
      other causes were seen. The most marked difference in the clinical course between
      yersiniosis and other cases was the duration of the eruption. EN nodules in
      yersinia EN faded away in 4 weeks in all but one case while the 4-week cure rate
      among the other patients with EN was only 37%. There were two types of EM
      lesions, namely cockade-like lesions and vesicopapules. They usually appeared
      some days before or together with EN nodules and they disappeared within 2 weeks
      without any scarring. Yersiniosis was caused by Y. enterocolitica serotype 3 in
      19 cases. Y.ent. serotype 9 in 17 cases, and Y.pseudotuberculosis in 3 cases. Of
      the patients, 21 suffered from abdominal pains and/or diarrhoea prior to skin
      manifestations, but 11 had no pregastrointestinal symptoms resembling those of
      yersiniosis.

PMID- 1211853
TI  - Reduction of motion unsharpness in coronary angiography using rare-earth
      oxysulfide intensifying screens and green-sensitive X-ray film.
AB  - During cardiac cycle the coronary arteries move rapidly; the maximum velocity can
      exceed 400 mm/s. To eliminate the motion unsharpness, exposure times under ten
      milliseconds are necessary. Using new rare-earth oxysulfide intensifying screens
      and fast green sensitive X-ray film the exposure times can be reduced to as
      little as 2 milliseconds. Thus the motion unsharpness can be almost completely
      eliminated, producing enhanced resolution and better diagnostic accuracy.

PMID- 1211854
TI  - Coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in relation to occupational physical activity
      in male violent deaths.
AB  - The extent of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis was estimated by point-counting
      in 172 men aged 25 years or over dying violent deaths. They were classified into
      three grades of physical activity based on their occupations. The extent of
      coronary fatty streaks, raised lesions and calcifications tended to be smallest
      in "active" men while there was no difference between "sedentary" and "moderately
      active" mean in this respect. When the latter two groups were combined, a
      significant difference was found between this combined group and the group of
      active men in the extent of coronary raised lesions and calcification. On the
      other hand, no consistent or significant differences between sedentary,
      moderately active and active men were obtained in the stenosis score, which
      expressed the degree of obstruction in the coronary arterial tree, or in the
      extent of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta.

PMID- 1211855
TI  - Coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in relation to body-build factors.
AB  - The relationship between body-build factors and the severity of coronary and
      aortic atherosclerosis was estimated in a series of 193 men, aged 25 years or
      over, who had died of violent causes. Overweight showed a significant correlation
      with the extent of coronary and aortic fatty streaks but not with the extent of
      coronary or aortic raised lesions or calcifications. The stenosis score, which
      expressed the degree of obstruction in the coronary arterial tree, showed a
      slight tendency to a positive correlation with the degree of obesity but the
      finding was not consistent. Nor correlation was found between the sturdiness
      factor of body-build and the severity of atherosclerosis. The muscularity factor
      showed  a significant correlation with the extent of coronary and aortic fatty
      streaks and an inverse correlation with aortic calcifcations.

PMID- 1211856
TI  - Coronary atherosclerosis in cases of coronary death as compared with that
      occurring in the populatiom. A study of a medico-legal autopsy series of coronary
      deaths and violent deaths.
AB  - The severity of coronary atherosclerosis at autopsy was studied in two series
      comprising 169 cases of coronary death and 231 people who died of violent causes.
      In the former the fatal attack lasted less than 24 hours from the onset of
      symptoms in 70% of cases. In only three men did the terminal attack last more
      than 24 hours, while in the remaining 28% of cases, although death was not
      witnessed these were also likely to have been sudden deaths. A recent infarct
      with or without an old myocardial infarct was found at autopsy in 47% of cases
      and an old infarct alone in 34%. In 19% of coronary deaths no recent or old
      infarct was detected. The surface areas of the atherosclerotic lesions were
      assessed in arterial specimens by pointcounting. The degree of stenosis was
      estimated visually. The mean extent of raised lesions and clacification and the
      median value of stenosis score, which expressed the degree of stensosi in the
      coronary arterial tree, were significantly higher in all age groups in persons
      who died of coronary heart disease than in those  who died violently. A marked
      overlapping between the individuals in the two series was, however, found in both
      for the exent of raised lesions and the severity of stenosis score. Raised
      lesions in coronary patients were calcified to about the same extent as those in
      persons ten years older in the series of violent deaths. Coronary atherosclerosis
      was most severe in coronary patients who had had symptomatic heart disease and
      had an old myocardial infarct and least severe in those in whome sudden death was
      the first manifestation of coronary heart disease from violent deaths as regards
      the extent of the raised lesions or prevalence of occlusion. The degree of
      coronary stenosis in coronary patients was closely related to the total extent of
      advanced coronary atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1211857
TI  - Occurrence and regression of initial and terminal notching of the QRS complex in
      the electrocardiograms of patients with acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - The occurrence of initial and terminal notching in the QRS complex of the
      electrocardiogram was studied in a series of 158 male patients surviving acute
      myocardial infarction during hospital admission and at follow-up examinations 6-8
      weeks, 5 and 12 months after the infarction. In 115 men with their first
      myocardial infarction signifiant initial notching was found in the acute stage in
      30% and significant terminal notching in 32%. One year later these percentages
      were 14 and 9, respectively. In patients with reinfarction the prevalence of
      notching was even higher. Inital notches were most often associated with anterior
      and terminal notches with inferoposterio infarction.

PMID- 1211858
TI  - Serum levels and half-life of sotalol in chronic renal failure.
AB  - The elimination of sotalol was studied in 25 patients with chronic renal failure.
      All patients were given a single 160 mg dose of sotalol orally and their sotalol
      serum levels were determined after 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours. The elmination of
      sotalol was distinctly slower as the serum creatinine concentration rose. The
      half-lives, calculated graphically, were in lenear ratio to the serum creatinine
      values (r = 0,91; p less than 0.001). In accordance with the results, it is
      probable that sotalol accumulates in chronic renal insufficiency. Since beta
      blockers may impair renal function, even in therapeutic concentrations, the
      dosage of sotalol, in particular, must be reduced in patient with kidney disease.

PMID- 1211859
TI  - Studies of catecholamines in amyloidosis.
AB  - Amyloidosis was induced in 21 mice by daily injections of casein solution for
      four weeks. Thioflavine T staining showed that the induction of amyloidosis took
      place in all mice. The catecholamine (CA) content was estimated in the spleen,
      proximal colon and kidney. In spleen the noradrenaline (NA) content per wet
      weight of tissue in casein-induced amyloidosis was significantly (p less than
      0.01) lower than in the controls but this reduction was not apparent because of
      the huge increase in the weight of amyloid spleens. In the proximal colon and
      kidney the NA content did not differ from the control values. By fluorescence
      histochemistry the adrenergic fibres appeared to be well maintained in the
      spleen, duodenum and proximal colon in casein-induced amyloidosis. The CA content
      of rectal mucosal biopsies from five patients suffering from amyloidosis was
      compared with that from seven control persons. There was no significant
      difference in NA content. The present results suggest that in amyloid disease
      detectable alterations in the CA content or such morphological changes in
      adrenergic nerve fibres, which can be detected by fluorescence histochemistry
      take place only in the most advanced disease, if at all.

PMID- 1211861
TI  - [The polarity concept in leprosy: polar types, polar system, polar concept,
      dichotomy].
AB  - The author presents his priority of the polar concept in leprosy, and briefly
      reviews what he calls the history of an idea. The polar concept was first
      presented in February-May 1938, and was to receive full recognition from the
      Havana's Committee on Nomeclature and published in the Annals of the 5th
      International Congress of Leprosy (April 1948). In recent years many points
      brought by immunopathology focused the humoral immunity at the level of the
      immuno-negative L pole, in clear-cut opposition to the cell-mediated immunity
      present in the immuno-positif T pole. Polar concept thus receiving a remarkable
      physio-pathological support to the views once expressed by the author.

PMID- 1211860
TI  - [Venereal granuloma (donovaniasis) in France].
AB  - The study of six cases of MacLeod-Donovan chancre, 2 in Paris, 4 in Brest, in
      young men coming from the West Indies, showed after 15 days incubation, a balano
      preputial lesion consisting of an oval-shaped granuloma, 1 to 4 cm diameter,
      raised, indurated, ulcerated, reddish-yellow, spontaneously painful, bleeding
      easily, accompanied in 50 p. 100 of cases by inguinal adenitis, due to secondary
      infection. Swabs, which should be repeated, showed Donovan bodies within numerous
      histiocytes. The inactivity of penicillin may be contrasted with the rapidly
      favourable effect of streptomycin, chloramphenicol or aureomycin.

PMID- 1211862
TI  - [Gluteal fistulo-gummatous syndrome (malignant dysembryoma)].
AB  - The authors present the case of a 61 years old patient with fistulo-gummutous
      lesions with ulcer formation and pus formation in the right buttock, loss of
      weight and asthenia. The lesions appeared six months after a violent blow on the
      right buttock. General examination of the ano-rectal region, including
      sigmoidoscopy and fistulography, together with histo-pathological examination,
      revealed the existence of a perirectal muciparous carcinoma developing on
      embryonic glanduilform remains, situated in the right perinee-rectal region. The
      special interest of this case resides in its rareness and the unusual clinical
      appearance of gummatous fistula.

PMID- 1211863
TI  - [Proceedings: Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease)].

PMID- 1211864
TI  - [Proceedings: Mycobacterium fortuitum infection].

PMID- 1211865
TI  - [Proceedings: Cutaneo-mucous leishmaniasis due to Leishmanis tropica].

PMID- 1211866
TI  - [Proceedings: Woringer and Kolopp's cutaneous epidermotropic reticulosis].

PMID- 1211867
TI  - [Proceedings: Cirsoid cervico-facial aneurysm. Arteriographic study. Discussion
      of therapy: embolism therapy?].

PMID- 1211869
TI  - [Proceedings: Annular cicatricial sarcoidosis of the scalp].

PMID- 1211868
TI  - [Proceedings: Colloid milium].

PMID- 1211870
TI  - [Proceedings: Rowell's syndrome. Clinical and immunopathological study of 2
      cases].

PMID- 1211871
TI  - [Proceedings: Pterygium inversum unguis].

PMID- 1211872
TI  - [Proceedings: Giant proliferating epidermoid cyst].

PMID- 1211873
TI  - [Immunocytological identification of intratissular lymphocytes. Technical aspects
      and preliminary results].

PMID- 1211875
TI  - [Variations in superficial cutaneous lipid levels during the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 1211874
TI  - [Lymphoblastic transformation test in experimental eczema due to DNCB in humans].

PMID- 1211877
TI  - [Histochemical features of dysgenesic ovaries of rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211876
TI  - [A study on the tannin-iron method histochemical specificity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1211878
TI  - Recovery from allotype suppression in rabbits and release from this suppression
      in specific immune response.
AB  - The recovery of allotypic expression in allotype suppressed rabbits was followed
      up in specific antibodies and in bulk immunoglobulins. The primary antigenic
      stimulation with BSA and/or MS2 phage was given at 4 weeks of age. In the early
      recovery group, where the recovery from suppression began at 11-13 weeks of age,
      specific antibodies bearing the suppressed allotype were found to be synthesized
      by the primary stimulation or with successive allotype was scarely expressed in
      specific antibodies despite its recovered expression in bulk immunoglobulins. The
      X-ray irradiation followed by the immunization procedures promoted the recovery
      of the suppressed allotype expression in anti-BSA antibody and in bulk
      immunoglobulins but not in anti-MS2 phage antibody. The results are discussed in
      terms of regulatory mecahnisms of immune response in allotype suppressed animals.

PMID- 1211879
TI  - Mechanism of immune stimulation and tolerance based on an hypothesis on the cell
      division mechanism directed by the cell membrane.
AB  - The binding of the antigen to membrane receptors is suggested to modify the
      structure of the membrane and consequently the activity of some of its enzymes
      and the flow of metabolites. The nature of the effects may be a function of the
      quantity of the interacting antigen.

PMID- 1211880
TI  - [Isolation and partial study of an anti-hemoglobine precipitine in "Biomphalaria
      glabrata" (author's transl)].
AB  - A protein (PaHb) with a precipiting capacity with regard to normal and
      pathological human hemoglobin as well as horse and hen hemoglobin has been
      separated on immunoadsorbent from hemolymph of Biomphalaria glabrata. The joining
      of PaHb and hemoglobin takes place at the level of the polypeptidic chain. A
      reconnaissance of the spatial structure of the globin seems to exist. The absence
      of heme does not lead to a decrease in the intensity of the reaction. The
      coefficient of the sedimentation of PaHb is of 2.74 S and its molecular weight
      has been estimated at 47,000 per chromatography in thin layer. The divalent
      cation MgCl2 strengthens the intensity of the reaction, as for CaCl2 no change is
      observed, and in the presence of sodium citrate one observes a clear decrease in
      the reaction. The intensifying of the reaction when in presence of divalent
      cation MgCl2 could be the result of a stabilization or an activation of the
      natural structure of PaHb when in presence of Mg. PaHb shows no fonctional
      impairment after exposure at 65 degrees C during 45 min. The localization of PaHb
      in the total antigenic structure of the hemolymph is situated around the level of
      the 5th precipitine line. The functional role of the protein seems to carry the
      hemoprotein of the hemolymph.

PMID- 1211881
TI  - Respective role of antibodies and immune macrophages during acquired immunity
      against toxoplasmosis in mice.
AB  - Immunity of animals correlated with the destructive ability of their macrophages.
      Intraperitoneal inoculation of T. gondii led to a very limited infection of
      macrophages from immune mice. This infection was next rapidly and completely
      inhibited. Conversely, macrophages from mice immunized with killed toxoplasma
      were massively invaded and evolved like control cells. Similar results were also
      obtained with macrophage cultures infected in vitro and followed over a period of
      4 days. Even after several washes, immune macrophages still preserved their
      ability to inhibit intracellular replication of toxoplasma. However, this
      resistance was not homogenous: in the absence of antibodies, some macrophages
      supported a parasitic growth whereas some others remained intact. Results have
      also shown that the engulfment capability of immune macrophages was not modified.
      The primary role of resistant macrophages in the immune response did not however
      exclude a participation of humoral factors. Specific antibodies acted on
      extracellular toxoplasma either by lysing them in the presence of the accessory
      factor or by slowing their active penetration into the cells. Furthermore, they
      did not affect the phagocytic activity of macrophages. The in vitro protective
      role of peritoneal exudate from immune mice seemed similar to that afforded by
      sera anti-toxoplasma antibodies.

PMID- 1211882
TI  - [Proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes induced in rats by
      ovalbumin feeding (author's transl)].
AB  - Seventy-seven Wistar rats were immunized by ingestion of ovalbumin in drinking
      water for two weeks. Specific response was assessed by the study of the
      responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes to this antigen. A significant
      increase of thymidine incorporation was observed in forty-nine orally immunized
      rats. The reaction could be evidenced for six weeks after the end of antigen
      ingestion. The nature of the response is discussed.

PMID- 1211883
TI  - A study of the mode of lymphocyte recirculation in the dog.
AB  - Current view of lymphocyte recirculation holds that lymphocytes enter the nodes
      by migrating across the wall of their postcapillary venules, not by way of their
      subcapsular sinus. Having explained elsewhere our reasons to question the
      validity of the concept, we undertood to reinvestigate the problem. Lymphocytes
      were collected from the thoracic duct of dogs and labelled with3 H-cytidine. Each
      suspension of labelled cells was transfused to the dog having provided it.
      Analysis of radioautographs revealed that a significant amount of the labelled
      cells, which had migrated in the nodes, were present in their subcapsular sinus
      and the peripheral layer of their cortex. Among the nodes, the mesenteric nodes
      showed the greatest concentration of labelled cells. In addition, a substantial
      percentage of the injected lymphocytes, mostly small ones, were found in the
      lamina propria of intestinal villi and crypts. The findings indicate that, at
      least in the dog, a large fraction of the lymphocytes recirculate by entering the
      nodes via the afferent lymph, mostly that of the mesenteric nodes.

PMID- 1211884
TI  - [Some characteristics of fucidin biosynthesis].
AB  - Some features of fusidin biosynthesis by 2 strains of Fusidium coccineum were
      studied proceeding from the peculiar properties of the antibiotic molecule
      structure. It was found that an increase in the levels of the carbon sources in
      the medium stimulated the biosynthesis of fusidin, while excessive concentrations
      of nitrogen especially in its inorganic and amino acidpeptide forms stimulated
      the organism growth and lowered the antibiotic activity levels. The concentration
      of nitrogen in the medium is considered as one of the possible control mechanisms
      in the processes of the fungus growth and biosynthesis of fusidin.

PMID- 1211885
TI  - [Study of the pharmacological properties and safety of a solution of levomycetin
      in hexamethylene tetramine for intravenous administration].
AB  - Pharmacological properties of 2 per cent levomycetin solution in 40 percent
      hexamethylentetramine solution, as a new pharmaceutical form of levomycetin for
      intravenous administration prepared at drug-stores were studied. The maximum
      tolerating doses of the drug for mice, rabbits, and dogs were 26-47 times higher
      than the therapeutic ones with respect to the content of levomycetin and
      hexamethylentetramine. No increase in the toxicity of levomycetin and
      hexamethylentetramine in the preparation was observed. The drug in the doses 16
      times higher than the therapeutic ones by the content of levomycetin did not
      almost change the arterial pressure and the drug in the doses 3.7 times higher
      than the therapeutic ones did not affect the blood coagulation either in acute
      experiments, or on its prolong intravenous infusion. Repeated administrations of
      the drug to rats and rabbits for 15-18 days in doses 3.7-4.8 times higher than
      the therapeutic ones by the content of levomycetin were innocuous for the
      animals. Absorption, circulation in the blood, distribution in the tissues and
      excretion with the urine of levomycetin used in the above pharmaceutical form did
      not differ from circulation of the antibiotic on its intravenous and oral
      administration. The drug is recommended for use in medical practice.

PMID- 1211886
TI  - [Myeloinhibitory effect of the action of some antitumor antibiotics and its
      comparative assessment].
AB  - General toxic and myeloinhibitory effects of some antitumor antibiotics, such as
      rubomycin, olivomycin, bruneomycin and karminomycin administered
      intraperitoneally in a single LD50 to mice were studied. It was found that the
      general toxicity of bruneomycin and karminomycin was almost the same and 5 to 8
      times higher than that of rubomycin and olivomycin. The use of the above
      antibiotics resulted in definite shifts in the blood systems of healthy mice. The
      most significant suppression of hemopoesis accompanied by a pronounced depression
      of the number of the myelocariocytes was observed after the use of olivomycin.
      The effect of karminomycin was characterized by suppression of erythro-, myelo-
      and lymphopoesis and depression of the number of the granulocytes and lymphocytes
      of the blood. Bruneomycin and rubomycin had a short-time myeloinhibitory effect.
      The erythroid cords of the bone marrow proved to be most sensitive to the
      inhibitory effect of the antibiotics. However, inhibition of the erythropoesis
      accompanied by deep reticulocytopenia did not induce the respective depression of
      the erythrocyte number. The lymphoid cords was in the 2nd place by its
      sensitivity to the antibiotics and the myeloid and megocariocytal cords were in
      the 3rd and the 4th places respectively. Complete reduction of hemopoesis in the
      animals was observed by the 10th day of the drugs use.

PMID- 1211887
TI  - [Effect of antibiotics on the intestinal tract microflora of guinea pigs].

PMID- 1211888
TI  - [Study of the possibility of using penicillin and a specific globulin for
      treating the anthracic infectious process in an irradiated organism].
AB  - Comparative efficacy of the specific globulin and penicillin in the treatment of
      Siberia ulcer infection was studied on 160 guinea pigs and 400 albino mice
      irradiated with Co60 gama-rays in sublethal doses. It was found that penicillin
      preserved its efficiency, while the curative effect of the specific globulin
      significantly decreased in the irradiated animals.

PMID- 1211889
TI  - [Sensitivity of halophilic vibrions isolated on the Black Sea coast to some
      antibiotics and chemotherapeutic preparations].

PMID- 1211890
TI  - [Use of an experimental design method for studying the effect of proteolytic
      enzymes on the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics].
AB  - The effect of chemotripsin on the pharmacokinetics of ampicillin as dependent on
      the drug dose and the administration intervals was studied on rats using the
      method of the experiment design. With the use of the method it was found that
      intramuscular injections of chemotripsin to rats in doses of 3, 4.5, 6, 8 and 10
      mg/kg, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 hours before intramuscular administration of ampicillin
      in doses of 10, 20, 35, 75 and 100 mg/kg caused a simple effect inducing an
      increase in the antibiotic levels in the blood and organs, when the enzyme and
      antibiotic were present simultaneously in the animal organism for an hour. The
      increase in the antibiotic levels in the rat organs due to simultaneous presence
      of chemotripsin and ampicillin the animal organism for 2 hours was less
      pronounced

PMID- 1211891
TI  - [Importance of some modern methods of diagnosing allergic reactions to
      antibiotics].
AB  - For diagnosis of drug allergy and antibiotic allergy in particular it is
      necessary to use several cell reactions in combination in vitro and to estimate
      them in complex with clinical data. To obtain reliable results it is recommended
      to observe the conditions of choosing the time of the test, antibiotic optimal
      concentrations and pH 6.8.

PMID- 1211892
TI  - [Complications from antibiotic therapy].
AB  - Analysis of 302 side effects of antibiotic theraphy is presented. The side
      effects were studied comparatively as dependent on the antibiotic group.
      Dependence of the toxic and toxicoallergic reactions to the antibiotics on the
      antibiotic blood levels were noted. Previous sensitization resulted in more
      frequent and earlier side effects. The analysis and clinical observations showed
      that antibiotic therapy should take into account the results of the laboratory
      tests, i.e. examination of the kidney functional state, antibiotic levels in the
      blood and urine, tolerance of the drug by the patient.

PMID- 1211893
TI  - [Some problems in finding and in the microbiological synthesis of physiologically
      active compounds].

PMID- 1211894
TI  - [Effect of imbrimycin on the body of animals].
AB  - Toxicity of imbrimycin administered orally and its local irritating effect was
      studied experimentally. Imbrimycin was diluted with flagosol for decreasing its
      local irritating effect on the mucosa of the eye conjunctiva and vagina of
      rabbits. Administration of imbrimycin suspension to albino rats in doses of 10
      and 50 mg/kg for 14 days had no effect on the body weight, liver antitoxic
      function and pathomorphological indices. Oral administration of the drug to dogs
      in a dose of 10 mg/kg caused a decrease in the body weight, vomiting and
      diarrhea, had no effect on the dog blood picture and induced no
      pathomorphological changes in the inner organs. The local irritating effect of
      imbrimycin was found to be equal to that of azalomycin F. Flagosol significantly
      decreased the irritating effect of imbrimycin on the eye conjunctiva and the
      vagina mucosa.

PMID- 1211895
TI  - [Development of resistance in Fisher lymphadenosis cells to dipin and bruneomycin
      when these preparations are used separately and in combination].
AB  - It was shown that dipin and bruneomycin resistant tumor cells appeared in mice
      with transplanted lymphadenosis after 10 passages on single use of the drugs.
      When the drugs were used in combination, no lymphadenosis cells resistant either
      to bruneomycin, or to dipin and their combination were found. The combined use of
      the drugs prevented development of resistance to them in the lymphadenosis cells
      at least during 10 passages on mice. The data on the possible prevention of the
      resistance development in the mouse lymphadenosis cells by means of combined use
      of low doses of dipin and bruneomycin provided an assumption that it is expedient
      to test the combination in clinics.

PMID- 1211896
TI  - [Experimental data on methicillin tolerance and penetration into the eye media].
AB  - Tolerance of methicillin by the eye tissues was studied on its administration
      subconjunctively, into the front chamber and vitreous body of 20 rabbits. The
      studies showed that subconjunctival administration of the antibiotic was well
      tolerated in a dose of 50 mg, and its administration into the front chamber and
      vitreous body was well tolerated in doses of 1.0-2.5 mg. Penetration of
      methicillin into the fluids of the front chamber and vitreous body on its
      instillation into the conjunctive sac in a form of 2.5 per cent solution, its
      subconjunctival and retrobulbar injection in a dose of 50 mg and intramuscular
      administration in a dose of 40 mg/kg was studied. Animals with aseptic
      inflammation of the eyes due to burns of the cornea with 1 N hydrochloric acid
      were taken into the experiments. The method of agar diffusion with Staph. aureus
      209P as the test-microbe was used. The studies showed that the highest
      methicillin concentrations in the eye media were observed an hour after the
      antibiotic subconjunctival administration. In the vitreous body they were 16
      times lower than those in the front chamber fluid. The retrobulbar injections had
      no advantages over the subconjunctival administration for the antibiotic maximum
      concentrations in the vitreous body. The concentration of methicillin in the
      front chamber fluid on its local administration was many times higher than the
      minimum inhibitory concentration for staphylococci and may be considered as a
      therapeutic one.

PMID- 1211897
TI  - [Interrelationship of the serum lysozyme level to the leukocyte count in the
      blood].
AB  - The leucocyte counts in the peripheral blood and titers of the serum lysozyme
      under conditions of various experimental models were compared. Albino rats, mice,
      guinea pigs and rabbits exposed to the effect of various factors of a biological
      and chemical nature were used in the experiments. In addition, observations on
      humans immunized with bacterial and viral vaccines were analyzed. Development of
      3 reaction types was shown to be possible. In the 1st type the dynamics of the
      lysosome activity and blood leucocyte counts changed in the same way
      (immunization with smallpox vaccine, listeria infection). Decreased counts of the
      leucocytes due to the use of cytostatic drugs were accompanied by a parallel
      decrease in the lysozyme activity. Such variant of the reaction was
      predominating. The 2nd type of the shifts characterized by an impaired
      synchronous pattern of the dynamics of the indices was not so frequent (the use
      of high doses of cytostatics). The 3rd type of the reactions with an exactly
      opposite character of the shifts in the leucocyte counts and lysozyme activity
      was observed only as an exclusion. It is concluded that the quantitative dynamics
      of the leucocytes is not enough by itself for creating an opinion on the nature
      of the changes in the serum lysozyme. The possible role of macrophages in the
      above processes is discussed.

PMID- 1211898
TI  - [Effect of an insufficient diet on mouse tolerance for the sodium salt of
      novobiocin].

PMID- 1211899
TI  - [Clinical and experimental parallels in studying the effect of chymotrypsin on
      the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics].
AB  - The effect of intramuscular chimotripsin on the levels of methicillin and
      tetracycline administered respectively intramuscularly and orally was studied in
      patients with chronic pneumonia and in experimental rats. It was found that the
      dose of chimotripsin providing higher methicillin blood levels was many times
      lower than the enzyme doses providing analogous indices for the blood serum and
      organs of the rats. When the patients were treated with tetracycline and
      chimotripsin, increased blood levels of the antibiotic were observed.
      Administration of chimotripsin to the rats had no effect on tetracycline
      pharmacokinetics in the animals.

PMID- 1211900
TI  - [Study of the carbohydrate content in the mycelia of an active strain producing
      oxytetracycline and in an inactive mutant].
AB  - The content of carbohydrates in the mycelium of the active strain and inactive
      mutant of the oxytetracycline-producing organism under conditions favourable
      (starch medium) and unfavourable (glucose medium) for the antibiotic biosynthesis
      was studied. The mycelium of both organisms was fractionated and carbohydrate
      distribution according to the mycelium fractions and carbohydrate content in
      every fraction were investigated. No significant differences were observed
      between the active strain and inactive mutant with respect to the characteristics
      studied. The carbon source in the medium had the dominating effect on the
      chemical composition of the mycelium. The mycelium of both strains grown on the
      starch medium contained much more carbohydrates than that grown on the glucose
      medium. The carbohydrates of the mycelium grown on the starch medium were mainly
      found in fraction III and must be represented by polysaccharides.

PMID- 1211901
TI  - [Study of the structure of colonies of active and inactive Actinomyces parvullus
      variants using luminescence and scanning microscopy].
AB  - The colony structure of the active and inactive proactinomycete-like variants of
      Actinomyces parvullus producing actinomycin D was studied with luminescent and
      scanning microscopy. Clear differentiation of the colony profile was shown by the
      structure and functions of the mycelium layers. A zone of active synthesis and
      accumulation of the antibiotic was observed in the colonies of the active variant
      in the upper part of the substrate mycelium with reddish-yellow self luminescence
      in UV light and characteristic close hyphae "cemented" by the intracellular
      substance. Formations of the granule type were often noted on the hyphae of that
      layer. The layer of the aerial mycelium was loosely connected with the substrate
      mycelium and consisted of sporophores and spore chains partially broken into
      single spores. The colonies of the inactive proactinomycete-like variant had a
      slightly differentiated profile with a sponge-like structure, no zones of the
      antibiotic synthesis being found. The presence of the intracellular substance was
      observed in the upper part of the colony supersubstrate mycelium.

PMID- 1211902
TI  - [Variability in Penicillium janthinellum Biourge, a producer of the antibiotic
      janthinellin, under the action of nitrosomethylurea].
AB  - Variation of the janthinellin-producing organism P. janthinellum was induced by
      nitrozomethylurea (NMU). The following concentrations of NMU were tested: 0.5;
      0.25, 0.125 per cent at the exposure time of 15 minutes, 1 and 10 hours. The
      conidia survival had back dependence on the concentration and exposure time. The
      morphological variation was evident from the presence of forms with changed
      colour of the colony surface mycelium, light green, brown, light yellow, yellow
      pink and white conidia and forms differing in the rate of the mycelium
      development and sporulation. The reverse surface of the colonies of both cultures
      was light brown to brown because of pigmentation. The feature of pigmentation was
      stable and no apigmented froms were obtained under the effect of NMU. Formation
      of variants producing higher yields of janthinellin (400, 2000 units) as compared
      to the activity of the control variant was noted. Plus variants were detected
      among the morphologically unchanged cultures.

PMID- 1211903
TI  - [Some characteristics of using polyalcohols as cryoprotectors in preserving
      Actinomyces noursei LIA-0471].
AB  - Freezing of Act. noursei cell suspensions at a rate of 0.5 degrees per minute in
      the presence of various substances showed that 5 per cent concentrations of
      glycerol, ethylen-, diethylen-, propylenglycol and polyethylenglycols had a
      cryoprotective effect. Polyethylenglycols with a molecular weight of 1500-20 000
      had the highest protective effect on the actinomycetous cells from the damaging
      action of repeated freezing and thawing. The method of repeated freezing and
      thawing is recommended for studying the cryoprotective effect of various
      compounds.

PMID- 1211904
TI  - [Action of heliomycin on protein and mucleic acid synthesis in Staphylococcus
      aureus].
AB  - Heliomycin inhibited synthesis of RNA in Staph. aureua which was clearly shown in
      the study of the antibiotic effect on RNA synthesis in the lag phase of the
      culture development: heliomycin markedly lowered the maximum RNA level in the
      biomass observed in the culture at the beginning of the exponential growth. On
      further growth of the culture heliomycin induced a significant retardness of the
      process of the natural decrease in the RNA biomass level resulting in increased
      content of RNA in the cells growing in the presence of heliomycin as compared to
      the control culture. Retarded natural decrease in the RNA biomass level in the
      presence of heliomycin was observed also on the antibiotic addition just at the
      beginning of the exponential growth, during the period of maximum RNA
      accumulation in the cells. Heliomycin had no effect on synthesis and biomass
      levels of DNA. Heliomycin inhibited the protein synthesis and was close to
      chloramphenicol by the level of inhibition of the summation protein synthesis in
      the biomass. However, comparison of the effect of the above antibiotics on
      synthesis of beta-galactosidase, an individual enzyme protein showed that
      heliomycin was much less active as an inhibitor of protein synthesis in
      comparison to chloramphenicol.

PMID- 1211905
TI  - [Study of the joint action of lysozyme and the antibiotics, tetracycline,
      erythromycin and levomycetin, on Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 1211906
TI  - [Antibiotic sensitivity of nonpigmented variants of Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 1211907
TI  - [Antibiotic sensitivity of S. typhi cultures that have reverted from L forms
      isolated from the blood of patients].
AB  - L-forms of bacteria were isolated in 18 out of 300 fever patients with diagnoses
      of typhoid-paratyphoid fever, grippe, virus respiration disease and others in the
      Diagnostic Department of an Infection Hospital during bacteriological tests of
      the blood. Among the cultures tested 13 were instable and reversed to the
      bacterial form. The type identification showed that only 9 revertants possessed
      properties characteristic of the typhoid fever microbes and belonged to S. typhi.
      Sensitivity of the typhoid fever revertants to levomycetin, sintomycin,
      streptomycin, pencillin and tetracycline was studied. The studies showed that the
      typhoid fever revertants from the L-forms isolated from the patients were
      sufficiently sensitive to levomycetin, sintomycin, penicillin and tetracycline.
      The minimum bactericidal concentrations of the above antibiotics ranged within
      12.5--100 gamma/ml.

PMID- 1211908
TI  - [Lysozyme in the overall therapy of patients with burn trauma].
AB  - Examination of 108 patients showed that burn disease was accompanied by
      significant impairments in the host natural resistance. Inclusion of
      intramuscular administrations of crystalline lysozyme into the complex therapy of
      such patients during septicotoxemia provided an increase in the factors of
      humoral and cell immunity. In most of the cases the dynamics of the indices of
      the host immunological reactivity correlated with the character of the clinical
      signs of the burn disease. The positive effect of lysozyme was evident in the
      cases with severe complications such as pneumonia, bacteriemia and burns of the
      upper respiratory organs.

PMID- 1211909
TI  - Bacampicillin: a new orally well-absorbed derivative of ampicillin.
AB  - Bacampicillin (proposed international nonproprietary name), 1'
      ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl 6-(d-alpha-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanate, is a new
      orally well-absorbed penicillin, highly active in vivo due to rapid
      transformation into ampicillin. The compound is stable in vitro at gastric pH and
      hydrolyzed slowly to ampicillin at neutral pH but very rapidly in the presence of
      biological fluids, e.g., tissue homogenates or serum. In vivo the transformation
      into ampicillin is so rapid that no unchanged compound could be detected in the
      blood after oral administration of bacampicillin to rats, dogs, and humans. On
      oral administration to mice, rats, and dogs, bacampicillin was found to be better
      absorbed than ampicillin, giving higher and earlier peak blood levels of
      ampicillin. The bioavailability of bacampicillin in rats and dogs was three to
      four times higher than that of an equimolar amount of ampicillin. On oral
      administration to rats, bacampicillin was found to give higher levels of
      ampicillin in organs such as the kidney, liver, and spleen than ampicillin
      itself. In "tissue cages" in rats, higher transudate levels of antibiotic were
      found after oral administration of bacampicillin than after ampicillin. On oral
      treatment of experimentally infected mice, bacampicillin was found to be more
      active than ampicillin.

PMID- 1211910
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of minocycline in renal failure.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of minocycline have been studied after single intravenous
      infusions and repeated oral doses to human subjects with varying degrees of renal
      impairment. There was no evidence of reduced drug clearance with reduced renal
      function after intravenous doses although there appeared to be an increase in the
      tissue distribution of antibiotic in the body in uremia. After identical multiple
      oral dosage regimens serum levels of antibiotic were comparable in normal and
      mildly uremic subjects. There was no evidence of renal toxicity in normal or
      uremic subjects with the repeated dosage regimen used.

PMID- 1211911
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy of experimental enterococcal endocarditis.
AB  - The successful therapy of enterococcal endocarditis requires prolonged
      administration of synergistic antibiotic combinations. Controversy has arisen
      regarding optimal therapy (i) when the organism possesses high-level streptomycin
      resistance, and (ii) when the patient is allergic to penicillin. This study
      examines these questions in vitro and in a rabbit model of enterococcal
      endocarditis. The combination of penicillin with either streptomycin or
      gentamicin increased the rate of bacterial killing in vitro and in vivo when
      compared with penicillin alone (P < 0.05) when the test strain was relatively
      susceptible to streptomycin (minimal inhibitory concentration, 128 mug/ml). Only
      the combination of penicillin and gentamicin was consistently more effective than
      penicillin alone (P < 0.01) when the test strain was highly resistant to
      streptomycin (minimal inhibitory concentration > 150,000 mug/ml). The combination
      of vancomycin and streptomycin was more rapidly bactericidal than vancomycin
      alone in vitro and in the animal model against the streptomycin-susceptible
      strain (P < 0.01). The relative rate of in vitro bacterial killing by various
      antibiotics and combinations was predictive of the efficacy of these drugs in
      eradicating enterococci from cardiac vegetation in experimental endocarditis.

PMID- 1211912
TI  - Synergism of oxacillin and gentamicin against enterococci.
AB  - Strains of enterococci isolated from 34 patients were studied for susceptibility
      to oxacillin and gentamicin alone and in combination. The minimal bactericidal
      concentrations of oxacillin and gentamicin for these strains ranged from 16 to
      250 mug/ml (median 32 mug/ml) for oxacillin and 12 to 48 mug/ml (median 24
      mug/ml) for gentamicin. The minimal bactericidal concentration of oxacillin for
      50% of strains in the presence of 12, 6, 3, and 1.5 mug of gentamicin per ml,
      respectively, was 2, 8, 16, and 32 mug/ml. The combination of oxacillin and
      gentamicin at clinically attainable serum levels was synergistically bactericidal
      against 27/34 (80%) of these strains using strict criteria. This report
      reconfirms the original observation that antibiotics which affect the synthesis
      of bacterial cell walls combine synergistically with aminoglycosides against
      enterococci. This is so even though enterococci are far more resistant to
      oxacillin than to penicillin or ampicillin. In addition, this report suggests
      that the combination of oxacillin and gentamicin administered in the usual
      dosages includes enterococci in its bactericidal spectrum.

PMID- 1211913
TI  - Effect of peritoneal dialysis on serum levels of tobramycin and clindamycin.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of tobramycin and clindamycin were examined in patients
      undergoing peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure. Peak serum levels of
      tobramycin in functionally anephric patients were less than expected, probably
      secondary to a larger volume of distribution. Peritoneal dialysis resulted in a
      significant clearance of tobramycin, with a resultant reduction in serum half
      life. The present data suggest that, if bactericidal serum levels of tobramycin
      are to be maintained in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, a parenteral
      loading dose be administered, followed by either (i) an identical dose every
      third half-life or (ii) one-half the loading dose every half-life. However,
      optimal therapy is best achieved by monitoring serum levels to insure appropriate
      drug dosage. Peak serum levels of clindamycin in functionally anephric patients
      were approximately twofold greater than those expected in normals after an
      identical parenteral dose. It is, therefore, recommended that the administered
      dose of this agent in functionally anephric patients be one-half of that required
      to produce desired peak serum levels in patients without renal impairment.
      Peritoneal clearance of clindamycin during dialysis was shown to be essentially
      zero, indicating that dialysis does not affect clindamycin disposition.

PMID- 1211914
TI  - In vitro effects of amphotericin B on growth and ultrastructure of the
      amoeboflagellates Naegleria gruberi and Naegleria fowleri.
AB  - In vitro effects of the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB) on growth,
      viability, and ultrastructure of amoeboflagellates of the genus Naegleria were
      examined. The strains studied were the nonpathogenic Naegleria gruberi EG(B) and
      the Carter and TY strains of the pathogenic Naegleria fowleri. AmB was
      amoebicidal at all concentrations used (0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 mug/ml) when the drug
      was added to cultures in lag phase, as determined by viability testing, but was
      mainly inhibitory when added to log-phase cultures. The drug produced
      ultrastructural modifications at all concentrations (0.05 to 1.0 mug/ml). These
      changes included distortion of nuclear shape, increase in cytoplasmic membranes
      (both rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum), decrease in number of food
      vacuoles, absence of pseudopod formation, mitochondrial abnormalities, increase
      in autophagic vacuoles, and blebbing of the plasma membrane. These alterations of
      amoebic ultrastructure became more pronounced with increased time in AmB and with
      increase in AmB concentration in the growth medium.

PMID- 1211915
TI  - Detection of temperature-sensitive tetracycline resistance plasmids in
      Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - A method is described for the detection of temperature-sensitive plasmids
      determining tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Temperature
      sensitive plasmids were detected in phage group I strains but not in phage group
      III strains.

PMID- 1211916
TI  - In vitro susceptibility of selected bacteria to three diphosphonia heterocyclic
      compounds.
AB  - The antibacterial activity of 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,4-diphosphonia-2,5
      diphenylcyclohexadi-2,5-ene dichloride and two of its derivatives were screened
      for activity using the disk method. All derivatives exhibited antibacterial
      activity against gram-positive organisms tested, but little inhibition of gram
      negative species was noted.

PMID- 1211917
TI  - Stability of frozen rat plasma containing different antibiotics.
AB  - The antibiotic activity was determined at different intervals of time on plasma
      samples, taken from rats treated with a certain number of commonly used
      antibiotics, and kept at -20 C up to 8 weeks. The results of the microbiological
      assays demonstrate that the stability of the antibiotics in the frozen plasma
      decreases in the following order: oxytetracycline > cephalexin, streptomycin,
      erythromycin > demeclocycline > ampicillin, amoxycillin > penicillin G,
      cephaloridine, rolitetracycline, and tetracycline.

PMID- 1211918
TI  - Bactericidal activity of combinations of penicillin or clindamycin with
      gentamicin or streptomycin against species of viridans streptococci.
AB  - Checkerboard bactericidal studies were performed with two strains each of
      Streptococcus mitis, S. salivarius, and S. sanguis, and the results were analyzed
      by the use of isobolograms. Synergy between penicillin and streptomycin or
      gentamicin was demonstrated with four strains, representing two of S. salivarius,
      one of S. sanguis, and one of S. mitis; the remainder were either too susceptible
      or too resistant to be analyzed. Clindamycin with streptomycin or gentamicin
      acted synergistically with three strains, representing two of S. sanguis and one
      of S. salivarius; the remainder were either too susceptible or too resistant to
      be analyzed.

PMID- 1211919
TI  - Prevention of herpes keratoconjunctivitis in rabbits by silver sulfadiazine.
AB  - Silver sulfadiazine, at a concentration of 10 mug/ml when applied immediately
      after infection by Herpesvirus hominis, prevented the development of acute
      herpetic keratoconjunctivitis in rabbits. The efficacy was inversely related to
      the size of inoculum. Subclinical infections were observed in the drug-treated
      eyes.

PMID- 1211920
TI  - In vitro activity and pharmacokinetics in patients of cefamandole, a new
      cephalsoporin antibiotic.
AB  - Cefamandole nafate, a new cephalosporin for parenteral use, was evaluated in
      vitro against 231 recent clinical isolates and in 12 patients. Cefamandole had
      activity equivalent to cefazolin against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,
      and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Cefamandole was more active than cephalothin or
      cefazolin against Proteus mirabilis. Both cefamandole and cefazolin were as
      active as cephalothin against S. aureus, were slightly more active against K.
      pneumoniae, and were considerably more active against E. coli. All strains of
      indole-positive Proteus sp. were inhibited by 6.3 mug of cefamandole per ml but
      only 20% were inhibited by 25 mug of cefazolin or cephalothin per ml. Eighty
      eight percent of Enterobacter sp. was inhibited by 25 mug of cefamandole per ml,
      but only 20 and 5% were inhibited by the same concentration of cefazolin and
      cephalothin, respectively. Peak levels of cefamandole ranged from 6.0 to 110
      mug/ml in serum and levels ranged from 440 to 16,800 mug/ml in a 4- to 6-h
      collection of urine after a 500-mg or 1-g intramuscular dose (6.1 to 17.3 mg/kg)
      in patients with endogenous creatinine clearances of >/=31 ml/min. These levels
      were done after the first dose, at mid-therapy, and at the end of therapy. There
      was no evidence of accumulation with the 500-mg or 1-g dose given every 4 to 6 h.
      The percentage of the dose excreted in the urine within the first 4 to 6 h after
      administration of cefamandole was >/=43%. The half-life of cefamandole in serum
      was 49 to 126 min.

PMID- 1211921
TI  - Evaluation of a topical interferon inducer in experimental influenza infection in
      volunteers.
AB  - The prophylactic and/or therapeutic effect of a low-molecular-weight interferon
      inducer, CP-20,961, was tested in a double-blind placebo controlled study of
      experimental influenza A/England/42/72 (H(3)N(2)) infection in normal volunteers.
      Ten volunteers received CP-20,961 and 10 received placebo. Interferon was
      detected in nasal secretions of nine of the former and three of the latter group
      (P < 0.05). Seven in each group became ill, and severity of illness was not
      different. Also, quantitative virus shedding patterns and antibody response were
      not different between the two groups. The negative result may have been due to
      the relatively low quantities of interferon induced.

PMID- 1211922
TI  - Drug-resistant Leptomonas: cross-resistance in trypanocide-resistant clones.
AB  - A Leptomonas of insect origin was highly susceptible to several standard
      trypanocides and leishmanicides in vitro. Resistance was induced to some of these
      drugs; clones were isolated from each strain. Cross-resistance patterns of the
      clones were derived for diamidines, quinapyramine (Antrycide), acriflavin,
      phenanthridines, and other drugs active against trypanosomes and leishmanias.
      Clones tested included two each that were resistant to acriflavin, Antrycide,
      diminazene aceturate (Berenil), and pentamidine and one that was resistant to
      stilbamidine. Appreciable cross-resistance was evident for all clones.
      Differences were observed between clones from the same parent strain. Collateral
      susceptibility towards isometamidium and oxophenarsine was detected in most clone
      derived populations. In clones passaged without drug to test for drug fastness,
      acriflavin and pentamidine clones lost resistance within 10 transfers, whereas
      Berenil and Antrycide clones retained considerable resistance after 20 to 30
      subcultures without drug. Considerations of differences in life cycles suggest
      that the clone collection may be useful in screening for agents effective against
      leishmanias and stercorarian trypanosomes rather than against salivary
      trypanosomes.

PMID- 1211923
TI  - Inactivation of the lipid-containing bacteriophage PM2 by butylate
      hydroxytoluene.
AB  - Several factors have been investigated which are of significance in the
      inactivation of PM2, a lipid-containing bacterial virus, by butylated
      hydroxytoluene (BHT). Studies of the time dependence of inactivation during
      exposure to BHT showed that virus killing occurs rapidly, with the majority of
      the effect taking place in the first 5 min. The degree of inactivation is
      dependent upon the initial virus titer, the solvent from which BHT is added, and
      the presence of a variety of protective agents, including surfactants, bovine
      serum albumin, and bacterial cells. Sucrose gradient analysis of (32)P-labeled,
      BHT-treated virus was used to determine the degree to which the virion is
      disrupted by BHT. These experiments show that the (32)P-labeled molecules are
      converted into very slowly sedimentable material by BHT treatment, indicating
      complete destruction of the virus particle.

PMID- 1211924
TI  - Production of bacteriocins in a liquid medium by Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - A sterile-filtered, liquid medium composed of one-half-strength APT broth and 4%
      (wt/vol) yeast extract was found to support the production of bacteriocins by
      Streptococcus mutans strains BHT and GS-5. Culture supernatants, adjusted to pH
      7.0 and sterilized by filtration, contained bacteriocin-like activity, which
      could be demonstrated by spotting dilutions onto top agar lawns seeded with
      Streptococcus pyogenes as the sensitive indicator and by adding dilutions to log
      phase indicator broth cultures. A quantitative assay was developed for BHT
      bacteriocin, based on its lethal effects. Bacteriocin production did not occur
      until after the log phase of growth had ceased and was not inducible by
      ultraviolet irradiation or treatment with mitomycin C. Non-bacteriocinogenic
      clones of strain BHT occurred spontaneously at high frequency, suggesting control
      by a plasmid, but this frequency was not increased by treatment with the plasmid
      curing agents acridine orange and ethidium bromide.

PMID- 1211926
TI  - Biosynthesis of puromycin in Streptomyces alboniger: regulation and properties of
      O-demethylpuromycin O-methyltransferase.
AB  - Mechanisms for regulation of puromycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces alboniger
      were studied by measuring the levels of S-adenosyl-l-methionine:O
      demethylpuromycin O-methyltransferase. The enzyme was released in soluble form
      from mycelia by 3 to 5 min of sonication at 4 C. Maximal specific activities of
      0.7 and 0.1 nmol/min per mg of protein were found in cells grown in corn steep
      liquor-corn starch and Hickey-Tresner media, respectively. In both media, the O
      methyltransferase activity rose from low levels to a maximum during
      midlogarithmic growth and then declined or disappeared completely (in Hickey
      Tresner medium) during stationary phase. Either glucose (1%) or ethidium bromide
      (5 muM) reduced O-methyltransferase formation to very low levels with no effect
      on overall growth. Complete glucose repression of antibiotic formation occurred
      on agar. Cells grown in the presence of ethidium bromide continued to produce low
      enzyme levels after regrowth in the absence of dye, but formed normal amounts of
      puromycin on Hickey-Tresner agar. The O-methyltransferase, either crude or
      purified, was rapidly inactivated at 37 C. Each substrate alone, or both together
      at lower concentrations, protected against this loss of activity. Puromycin
      inhibited the transferase. Regulation of O-methyltransferase synthesis in S.
      alboniger includes (i) induction early in growth that is susceptible to
      catabolite repression and differential inhibition by ethidium bromide, and (ii)
      protection of the enzyme from inactivation by increased intracellular levels of
      its substrates. The O-methyltransferase was purified 30- to 40-fold by a
      combination of protamine sulfate precipitation, ammonium sulfate fractionation,
      adsorption and gradient salt elution from diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and
      Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The enzyme was very unstable, even at low
      temperatures, upon purification beyond the salt fractionation step, but was
      stabilized by the addition of S-adenosyl-l-methionine during later stages of
      purification.

PMID- 1211925
TI  - Relation between lipophilicity and pharmacological behavior of minocycline,
      doxycycline, tetracycline, and oxytetracycline in dogs.
AB  - Four tetracyclines were studied in dogs to determine the relation between their
      lipophilicity and various other pharmacological characteristics. Lipid solubility
      correlated inversely with the mean concentration of drug in arterial plasma and
      renal uptake and excretion, and directly with the biliary concentration gradient
      (level in bile/level of free drug in serum). Only the more lipophilic congeners
      minocycline and doxycycline passed the blood-brain and blood-ocular barriers in
      detectable concentrations. Mean levels of minocycline in the brain exceeded those
      of doxycycline by almost threefold; the difference was of borderline statistical
      significance (P = 0.05 to 0.1). Lipophilicity correlated inversely with the
      concentration of antibiotic in renal medulla but not in renal cortex or in the
      liver. When intestinal loops containing saline, milk, or 10% Gelusil were
      studied, the only combination exhibiting striking intraluminal accumulation was
      doxycycline in milk. These results indicate that lipophilicity correlates with
      many, but not all, of the transport characteristics of tetracycline antibiotics.

PMID- 1211927
TI  - Comparison of the antibacterial activities of sisomicin and gentamicin against
      gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - Sisomicin was found to be more active on a weight basis than gentamicin against
      Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., and indole-positive Proteus. Gentamicin was more
      active than sisomicin against Escherichia coli, Serratia sp., Enterobacter sp.,
      and Proteus mirabilis. Both antibiotics were very active against methicillin
      resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 1211928
TI  - The pineal gland and Rosenthal fibres.
AB  - 115 pineal glands, collected from patients who died from various neurologic and
      visceral diseases, were studied. The Rosenthal fibres (RF) forming gliosis is
      consistently evident in the subependymal tissue around the gland, in the pineal
      recessus and in the intrapineal glial proliferation. In several instances the
      focal gliosis exhibited a central cystic degeneration. The RF-forming gliosis of
      the pineal gland appears independent of the basic diseases and of the process of
      atrophy and degeneration of the gland parenchyma. The embryonic development of
      the pineal gland could explain why the formation of RF may be considered a quasi
      physiologic process of this region.

PMID- 1211929
TI  - Temporal orientation in patients with brain disease.
AB  - A brief schedule of questions, based on empirically derived norms, disclosed
      significant inaccuracy in temporal orientation in 24% of a groups of nonaphasic
      patients with brain disease. Conventional neurological examination detected
      temporal disorientation in only 15%. Patients with bilateral lesions showed a
      higher frequency of temporal disorientation than did those with inilateral
      lesions. In a group of 15 aphasic patients, 5 (33%) showed evidence of temporal
      disorientation according to the test while only 3 (20%) were detected on clinical
      examination. It is suggested that a schedule of questions scored on the basis of
      empirically derived norms should be incorporated into the neurological
      examination to assess temporal orientation.

PMID- 1211930
TI  - Effect of exogenous catecholamines in the amygdala of a 'rage' cat.
AB  - Minute amounts of epinephrine or norepinephrine alter the behavior of 'rage' cats
      (prepared by ventromedial hypothalamotomy) when these substances are focally
      instilled into both amygdalae via chronic brain cannulae capped with a silastic
      membrane. Hyperactive defense reactions are replaced by lethargy and placidity.
      Similar injections of epinephrine or norepinephrine into the amygdalae of
      normally placid cats who had not been subjected to ventromedial hypothalamotomy
      did not appreciably alter their behavior.

PMID- 1211931
TI  - Ultrastructure of Rhizobium-induced infection threads in clover root hairs.
AB  - Ultrastructural studies of Rhizobium-induced infection threads in clover root
      hairs show that the infection thread is initiated by an invagination process.
      Root hair wall growth is redirected at a localized point, resulting in the
      formation of an open pore. There is no direct penetration through the wall, and
      the bacteria remain extracellular within the root hair.

PMID- 1211932
TI  - Evaluation of petroleum-degrading potential of bacteria from water and sediment.
AB  - Bacteria from water and sediment of an oil-polluted harbor were examined for
      ability to degrade petroleum. Water samples contained a greater variety of
      bacterial species capable of degrading petroleum than sediment. Cultures from
      both water and sediment contained Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp. Bacteria
      present in the water samples produced significantly greater degradation of 2-,3
      ,4-, and 5-ring cycloalkanes and mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentaaromatics
      compared with bacteria in sediment samples.

PMID- 1211933
TI  - Repulsion of bacteria from marine surfaces.
AB  - Organic compounds are capable of repelling motile bacteria from marine surfaces.
      The most effective compounds were acrylamide and benzoic and tannic acids. These
      were active at concentrations that were not toxic to the bacteria. Repellents
      were incorporated in nontoxic paints and applied to metal panels. Treated panels
      immersed in seawater developed a bacterial film of only 10(6) bacteria per cm6
      after 12 days compared with untreated panels, which had 5 times 10(12) bacteria
      per cm2 after the same period. Field studies confirmed the effectiveness of these
      repellents. The use of biological repellents provides a new approach to the
      control of marine fouling.

PMID- 1211934
TI  - Fate of ochratoxin A in brewing.
AB  - The fate of ochratoxin A in brewing was investigated by adding (3H)ochratoxin A
      to the raw materials at 1- and 10-mug/g levels during mashing in a conventional
      microbrewing process. The results indicated that large portions (28 to 39%) of
      the added toxin were recovered in spent grains, with less recovery in the yeast
      (8 to 20%) and beer (14 to 18%). About 38 and 12% of the added toxin at levels of
      1 and 10 mug/g, respectively, were degraded during brewing.

PMID- 1211935
TI  - Separation of spores and parasporal crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis in
      gradients of certain x-ray contrasting agents.
AB  - Spores and parasporal crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis can be separated at
      moderate centrifugation speeds (10,000 to 12,000 rpm) in gradients of Renografin
      or sodium diatrizoate.

PMID- 1211936
TI  - Studies on the biosynthesis of aspergillin by Aspergillus niger.
AB  - Two inhibitors of the biosynthesis of aspergillin, the black spore pigment of
      Aspergillus niger, have been investigated. 2,4-Dithiopyrimidine exerted its
      inhibitory effect by intracellularly chelating cupric ion required for normal
      pigmentation. Dimethylsulfoxide prevented the synthesis of certain phenolic
      precursors of the native pigment. Partial purification and characterization of
      pigments from mature cultures revealed the presence of at least three components:
      (i) a high-molecular-weight (approximately 20,000) native pigment fraction in
      untreated mold cultures, (ii) a lower-molecular-weight (approximately 5,000)
      melanin pigment found in both types of inhibited cultures, and (iii) a low
      molecular-weight (368) green pigment found only in the 2,4-dithiopyrimidine
      inhibited cultures and proposed to be a pentacyclic quinonoid derivative. A
      pathway for aspergillin biosynthesis is suggested based on these results.

PMID- 1211937
TI  - Screening test for assessment of ultimate biodegradability: linear alkylbenzene
      sulfonates.
AB  - A relatively simple shake-flask system for determining CO2 evolution was
      developed to assess the ultimate biodegradability by soil and sewage micro
      organisms of chemicals which enter the environment. Linear alkylbenzene
      sulfonates (LAS) were used as model compounds to evaluate the method and were
      found to undergo substantial biodegradation in this dilute system. At the 30
      mg/liter test concentration, higher-molecular-weight LAS compounds were
      biodegraded at a slower rate and to a lesser extent than lower-molecular-weight
      LAS, an effect which was eliminated or greatly reduced upon incremental addition
      of the LAS to the test medium during the first week of incubation. LA35S was used
      to demonstrate rapid LAS desulfonation, and 14CO2 evolution studies with (14C)
      benzene ring-labeled LAS indicated concomitant biodegradation of the entire LAS
      molecule as well as the LAS aromatic component. The test can be employed to
      examine numerous compounds at the same time and is readily adapted to studies of
      the effect of variation in temperature and oxygen concentration on
      biodegradation.

PMID- 1211938
TI  - Incorporation of (2-14C)acetate into lipids of mink (Mustela vison) liver and
      intestine during in vitro and in vivo treatment with aflatoxin B1.
AB  - The in vitro and in vivo incorporation of (2-14C)acetate into lipids of mink
      (Mustela vison) liver and intestines was studied. In vitro, a dose of aflatoxin
      B1 as small as 7.5 mug/ml of medium reduced by 20% the amount of (2-14C)acetate
      incorporated into lipids of mink liver slices, whereas 180 mug caused 76%
      reduction in the synthesis of lipids from the radioactive precusor. Similar
      inhibition of lipid synthesis by aflatoxin also was observed with tissues from
      mink intestines and fatty liver. The degree of inhibition (19 to 84% for tissue
      from intestines and 19 to 64% for tissue from fatty livers) depended on the
      amount of aflatoxin B1 (7.5 TO 180 MUG) present in the medium. In vivo, a
      substantially increased amount of 14C-labeled lipids was found in the livers of
      mink injected with 600 mug of aflatoxin B1 per kg of body weight 20, 28, and 40 h
      earlier. However, no appreciable difference in incorporation of (2-14C)acetate
      into lipids was observed between toxin-treated and control animals when these
      animals were sacrificed and examined for 14C-labeled lipids at 4 and 10 h after
      toxin was administered.

PMID- 1211939
TI  - Chemical alteration of carotene biosynthesis in Phycomyces blakesleeanus and
      mutants.
AB  - The effects of diphenylamine, dimethyl sulfoxide, streptomycin, AMO-1618, and
      beta-ionone on the carotene composition of a wild-type and three mutant strains
      of Phycomyces blakesleeanus have been examined. Diphenylamine increased the
      phytoene and phytofluene concentrations of all strains while reducing the levels
      of the color carotenes. Dimethyl sulfoxide reduced the concentration of both
      cyclic and acyclic carotenes, whereas AMO-1618 increased the levels of all
      carotenes in all the strains. The wild type and mutants responded differently to
      the presence of streptomycin and beta-ionone. The possible mode of action of the
      above agents on carotenoid biosynthesis is discussed.

PMID- 1211940
TI  - [Malignant melanoma occuring on a dermoid cyst of the ovary. Pancreatic
      metastasis].

PMID- 1211942
TI  - [Congenital atrioventricular block. An anatomo-clinical study of one case].

PMID- 1211941
TI  - [Cardiac sarcoma (with Anitschkow's cells?) propagated TO The pulmonary artery.
      Morphological and ultrastructural study].

PMID- 1211943
TI  - [2 cases of sclerosing lipogranuloma].

PMID- 1211944
TI  - The diagnosis and management of faecal incontinence in children.

PMID- 1211945
TI  - [From anal atresia to continent organ].
AB  - In deep anal occlusion complete continence can nearly always be obtained by means
      of a perineal or sacroperineal operation. On the other hand, the results after
      reconstruction in case of high recto-anal agenesis are still doubtful. Placing
      the neorectum inside the junction of the levator ani muscles by the sacro
      abdomino-perineal approach has improved the continence function. Manometric
      studies have shown that the organ of continence has to learn its function first,
      which may take months or even years. In cases of congenital motor or sensory
      defects, or iatrogenic lesions, at least partial normalization can be brought
      about by specific reconstructive operations.

PMID- 1211946
TI  - Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in children.
AB  - Case reports of four children with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis without clear
      cut etiology are discussed. Symptoms in children are frequently not specific and
      do not readily suggest cholecystopathy. The diagnosis of cholecystitis and/or
      cholelithiasis should be considered in cases of children with vague, recurrent
      abdominal complaints, pyrexia, nausea and vomiting. In children presenting these
      symptoms, an X-ray survey of the abdomen is indicated in view of the increased
      possibility of demonstrating gall stones. No cause of this phenomenon could be
      demonstrated in our material, since routine analysis of calculi was not
      performed.

PMID- 1211947
TI  - Isolated regional perfusion in the treatment of malignant melanomas of the
      extremities.
AB  - The authors present a survey of changed views on the treatment of patients with
      malignant melanoma of the extremities. In addition to conventional therapy,
      regional perfusion is discussed. Over the period 1964-1970, 115 perfusions were
      performed in 75 patients. The perfusions were confined to patients with a tumor
      infiltrating beyond the stratum papillare. The 4-year survival of 30 patients
      with a primary tumor, without demonstrable metastases at the moment of perfusion,
      was found to be 77%. The percentage of local recurrences was significantly lower
      after perfusion than after conventional surgery.

PMID- 1211948
TI  - Ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta in the presence of a horseshoe kidney.

PMID- 1211949
TI  - A case of bifid ureter with blind-ending segment as the cause of chronic pain in
      the flank.

PMID- 1211950
TI  - The cement gland of Xenopus laevis as an experimental model for embryonic
      differentiation. III. Histochemical and ultrastructural studies on cement glands
      differentiated in vitro.

PMID- 1211951
TI  - [Comparative study of thymus gland development in quail and chicken.  Realization
      of thymic origin in these 2 species].

PMID- 1211952
TI  - The ultimobranchial body of Varanus monitor.

PMID- 1211953
TI  - [Prodromes of hindlimb genesis in mouse embryo.  Morphological and histochemical
      study].

PMID- 1211954
TI  - [Endocrine activity of testis in European badger (Meles meles L.)].

PMID- 1211955
TI  - Duodenal bile acids in infancy.
AB  - Duodenal bile acids have been estimated in three age groups in infancy from birth
      to 7 months, and age-related changes have been shown. The lowest concentrations
      of duodenal bile acids occurred in the youngest infants, and increasing
      concentrations were found with increasing age. Taurine conjugated bile acids
      predominated in early infancy, while in older infants bile acids were mainly
      conjugated with glycine. The probable presence of taurolithocholic acid in the
      duodenal bil of 2 newborns before the establishment of a gastrointestinal
      microflora remains to be confirmed, but could result either from transplacental
      passage of secondary bile acids or from endogenous synthesis by the fetal liver.

PMID- 1211956
TI  - Specificity of ultrastructural changes of small intestinal epithelium in early
      childhood.
AB  - Electron microscopical features of the small intestinal mucosa in 30 consecutive
      biopsies from 14 newly diagnosed coeliac patients, and 16 patients with chronic
      intermittent diarrhoea due to different causes, were studied. An attempt to
      define specific changes in each condition was made. An abnormal brush border,
      increased number of free ribosomes, rich rough endoplasmic reticulum, poorly
      developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum, large Golgi complexes, and thickened
      basal lamina were the most frequent findings in the coeliac biopsies. These
      changes suggest abnormal cellular metabolism, but as they were also observed in
      children with a variety of clinical conditions, they could not be specifically
      related to coeliac disease. These observations suggest that in small children
      different causes leading to different degrees of abnormal small intestinal
      mucosa, as observed with the light microscope, produce nonspecific changes of the
      cellular ultrastructure, which cannot be related to the degree of abnormality
      observed at the light microscope level.

PMID- 1211957
TI  - Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in hypopharyngeal aspirate of newborn infants.
AB  - The lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio was measured in the hypopharyngeal
      aspirate of 41 newborn infants. In 20 without respiratory distress the ratio
      within 24 hours from birth ranged from 1.5 to 5.8 with a mean value of 3.3. In 6
      with 'transient tachypnoea of the newborn' the ratio ranged from 2.0 to 6.7 with
      a mean value of 3.2. In 15 infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome
      (RDS) the ratio ranged from 0.9 to 2.1 with a mean value of 1.4. In 14 of these
      infants the ratio within 24 hours from birth was 1.7 or less. One infant with a
      higher ratio and severe RDS is described in detail. Serial hypopharyngeal
      aspirate L/S ratios were determined in the infants with RDS. There was a possible
      trend toward the earlier attainment of a ratio of 2.0 in infants who received
      continuous distending airway pressure compared with infants who did not.

PMID- 1211958
TI  - Congential H-type tracheo-oesophageal fistula.
AB  - Five cases of congenital H-type tracheo-oesophageal fistula are presented. The
      clinical features common to all were choking and coughing precipitated by feeds,
      recurrent chest infections, and episodes of abdominal distension. The usefulness
      of repeated oesophagograms in diagnosing the condition is emphasized. Operation
      in all cases was by the cervical approach. The single postoperative death was
      related to pre-existent severe chest infection, and no postoperative
      complications were encountered in the other patients.

PMID- 1211959
TI  - Comparison of an amino acid mixture and protein hydrolysates in treatment of
      infants with phenylketonuria.
AB  - This study compares three feeding regimens for infants with phenylketonuria
      diagnosed by neonatal screening. Group 1 (five children) received Minafen (Cow &
      Gate) until they weighed twice their birthweights; Aminogran (Allen & Hanbury)
      was then added to the feeds in increasing amounts and replaced Minafen at between
      8 and 10 months of age. Group 2 (five children) received Aminogran from the
      neonatal period. Group 3 (five children) received Minafen until they weighed
      twice their birthweights; Cymogran (Allen & Hanbury) was then added in increasing
      amounts and replaced Minafen at between 8 and 10 months of age. In all three
      groups growth was normal and control of phenylalanine levels satisfactory. During
      the first few months of life the Aminogran regimen proved more complicated and
      caused more practical difficulties than the regimens starting with Minafen. Later
      in the first year, when mixed feeding was introduced, and particularly when the
      bottle was exchanged for the cup, Aminogran had advantages over Cymogran because
      of its low calorie content, small bulk, and less unpleasant taste. At this age
      feeding problems were fewer and easier to manage with Aminogran than with
      Cymogran. A method of using Aminogran in the management of such problems is
      described. For these reasons, the regimen fed group 1, in which Minafen is used
      initially and then replaced by Aminogran, is preferred to the other two.

PMID- 1211960
TI  - Sick sinus syndrome. Symptomatic cases in children.
AB  - In 20 children needing treatment for symptomatic sick sinus syndrome, the average
      age at presentation was 7.1 years and ranged from 9 months to 18 years. Symptoms
      were never precise but, in retrospect, 5 children had syncope, 7 had a rapid
      heart action, 6 had dyspnoea or tachypnoea, 2 had nonspecific chest pains, 2 had
      pale spells, and 1 had a sudden hemiplegia. Symptoms followed cardiac surgery in
      15 cases and were related to unoperated congenital heart disease in 2 and to
      myocarditis in 2. The aetiology was unknown in 1 case. The type of cardiac
      surgery resulting in the development of the sick sinus syndrome was predominantly
      related to atrial suturing. Both tachy- and bradydysrhythmias were found,
      including wandering atrial pacemaker (9 cases), junctional rhythm (19 cases),
      supraventricular tachycardia (9 cases), atrial flutter (11 cases), and atrial
      fibrillation (2 cases). Both atrial (8 cases) and ventricular (7 cases) premature
      beats were seen. All patients were given trials of drug therapy but difficulties
      were encountered. Cardioversion was used for tachyarrhythmias in 11 cases without
      serious problems. Six children had permanent cardiac pacemakers inserted with
      good results. Recognition of the sick sinus syndrome in childhood is important
      and treatment must be regulated by the severity of symptoms.

PMID- 1211961
TI  - Septicaemia from prolonged intravenous infusions.
AB  - Four cases of septicaemia in children were traced to contaminated intravenous
      infusions and volume control sets. In each case Pseudomonas cepacia was isolated
      from multiple blood cultures and from intravenous fluid within the volume control
      set. The first patient died of septicaemia after a long and complicated
      postoperative period. The other three patients received appropriate antibiotics
      after removal of the contaminated intravenous sets and they recovered within 2
      weeks.

PMID- 1211962
TI  - Vestibular dysfunction in familial dysautonomia. The Riley-Day syndrome.
AB  - We report the bilateral absence of response to tests of vestibular function in 5
      patients with familial dysautonomia.

PMID- 1211963
TI  - Secretion of prednisolone into breast milk.
AB  - The secretion of 3H in the breast milk of seven volunteers was studied over a
      period of about 48 hours after the oral administration of 5 mg of 3H
      prednisolone. A range of 0.07 to 0.23% of the dose per litre was recovered.

PMID- 1211964
TI  - Watery diarrhoea and ganglioneuroma with secretion of vasoactive intestinal
      peptide.
AB  - A young girl presenting with diarrhoea and stridor was found to have a thoracic
      ganglioneuroma. The tumour, which was partially resected, contained an abnormally
      high amount of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as measured by
      radioimmunoassay. This decreased after the operation. In addition, analysis of
      urine showed the presence of abnormal amounts of catecholamines and catechol
      metabolites. The findings suggest that the diarrhoea in the syndrome of
      ganglioneuroma and bowel dysfunction is due to an excess of VIP secreted by the
      tumour.

PMID- 1211965
TI  - Exchange transfusion in severe neonatal infection with sclerema.
AB  - Two critically ill newborn babies with severe infection associated with sclerema
      were successfully treated with appropriate antibiotics and repeated exchange
      transfusions.

PMID- 1211966
TI  - Proceedings: Viral infections in asthma and wheezy bronchitis.

PMID- 1211967
TI  - Proceedings: Effective pulmonary capillary blood flow in infants with birth
      asphyxia.

PMID- 1211968
TI  - Letter: Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

PMID- 1211970
TI  - Letter: Opsonic defects.

PMID- 1211969
TI  - Letter: Maternal protein depletion in small-for-gestational-age babies.

PMID- 1211971
TI  - Letter: Bronchial lability in cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 1211972
TI  - Serum hemopexin in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis on dapsone (di(4
      aminophenyl)sulphone).
AB  - Twenty patients with dermatitis herpetiformis treated with di(4-aminophenyl)
      sulphone (Dapsone) were analyzed with respect to serum hemopexin concentration as
      well as some other haematological parameters. With one exception, there were
      normal concentrations of serum hemopexin when the haptoglobin and methaemoglobin
      concentrations were normal. Ten out of 11 patients with haptoglobin below 0.3
      g/l, which is the lower limit of reference interval at this laboratory, had their
      hemopexin concentrations reduced to various extents. There was an inverse
      relationship between the concentration of serum hemopexin and blood
      methaemoglobin. There was no correlation between amount of Heinz bodies and the
      concentrations of blood methaemoglobin, serum haptoglobin or serum hemopexin. It
      is concluded that serum hemopexin measurement should be of value in the
      assessment of the severity of the haemolysis caused by the drug treatment in
      those cases who have a low serum haptoglobin concentration.

PMID- 1211973
TI  - ["Keratoacanthomas" in mastomys natalensis (author's transl)].
AB  - 54 Tumors of Mastomys natalensis (GRA Giessen), described in the literature as
      "Keratoacanthomas" were investigated by light and electron microscopy. They are
      induced by a virus of the Papova group. Their histogenesis and their course are
      very different from human keratoacanthoma. The results reveal problems related to
      experimental animal tumour models and the similarities of different malignancies
      in the nomenclatures of several disciplines.

PMID- 1211974
TI  - [Multiple skin plasmocytomas, increased serum IgA and lack of bone marrow lesions
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Extramedullary plasmocytomas of the skin are rare, especially if a participation
      of the bone marrow is lacking. A 76-year-old patient developed multiple skin
      tumours within 2 months. In addition he showed an increase of serum
      immunoglobulin A. Histopathologically the tumours resembled reticulum cell
      sarcoma with few plasma cells, partly immature.

PMID- 1211975
TI  - Predisposing factors on the surface of the skin in persons with pityriasis
      versicolor.
AB  - This is a report on biochemical and physiological examinations carried out on 20
      test persons who in the last 2 years had contacted and completely recovered from
      pityriasis versicolor and on 25 control persons of corresponding age and sex. The
      tests on the skin surface of the patients with pityriasis versicolor show, when
      compared with the corresponding control group, the following significant results:
      1. Significantly more amino acids could be extracted from the skin of the
      pityriasis versicolor patients than from the skin of the control persons. 2. A
      significantly shorter alkali neutralisation time was to be found in the
      pityriasis versicolor patients than in the control persons. 3. The degree of
      water spreading on the skin was found to be significantly reduced in the
      pityriasis versicolor patients when compared with the control persons. It is
      probable that these results point to important predisposing factors for
      pityriasis versicolor.

PMID- 1211976
TI  - [Further investigational results with the dermatometer according to bingmer
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Further results of investigations using the dermatometer according to Bingmer for
      the determination of the actual moisture content of superficial skin layers are
      presented. The investigations are divided into in-vitro tests, tests on excised
      skin and tests on humans. Results indicate that the Bingmer apparatus used in
      these trials shows considerable specific sensitivity to changes in the moisture
      content of the media examined. Different results obtained by other workers might
      be due to the use of Bingmer apparatus with a different carrier frequency. The
      advantage of apparatus based on 9 Kc carrier frequency is stressed. As a whole,
      the use of the Bingmer apparatus may be considered a step forward in
      dermatological and cosmetic examination techniques.

PMID- 1211977
TI  - [Influence of concomitant treatment with D-penicillamine and beta
      aminopropionitrile on mechanical properties of rat connective tissue (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In order to study the influence of D-penicillamine (DPA) and beta
      aminopropionitrile (BAPN) as well as of a combination of both substances
      (proportion by weight 1:1) on the collagen of skin, aorta, and femoral epiphysial
      cartilage, the mechanical properties of these fibrous organs were examined, after
      having performed tests on onset and dissipation of action, measured by the
      decrease of ultimate load of excised strips of skin using the two individual
      compounds. The action of 320 mg/kg of DPA sets in within 7 days reaching a
      maximum value after 14 days. After discontinuance of the substance the control
      values are reached within 15 days. BAPN shows its maximal effect on the 18th test
      day. After discontinuance of treatment the control value is not reached within 35
      days. DPA and BAPN show organo-specific actions: DPA has a considerably stronger
      influence on the collagen of skin than on the collagen of the aorta; under the
      present test conditions it does, however, not affect the collagen of the distal
      femoral epiphysial cartilage. As compared to DPA, BAPN exerts a less pronounced
      influence on the collagen of the skin, similar influence on the collagen of the
      aorta, and a strong influence on the collagen of the distal femoral epiphysial
      cartilage. If both substances are administered together, the organospecific
      actions of DPA on the one hand and BAPN on the other hand are maintained. It is
      discussed whether the different chemical compositions of the collagen (Type I-
      IV) may be connected with the organospecific effects of the test substances.

PMID- 1211978
TI  - [A device for the measurement of the horny layer transparency. The stripping
      method].
AB  - A new measuring device for the determination of transparency of horny layer
      material stripped off the skin surface with adhesive tape is being described.
      This method enables a differentiated and reproducible objectification of light
      absorption of stripped horny layer material. The horny layer is being fixed on a
      glass plate and then conducted past a light source and a photo cell at constant
      speed, whereby the respective light-current-variation caused by the varying
      degrees of light permeability of the horny layer material is being synchroniously
      registered by a continuous-line-recording instrument thereby serving as a
      parameter for each respective strip sample. The systematic evaluation of the
      original curves takes into consideration amplitude, angle of climb and medium
      route and results in a horny layer sample-obtained successively from one and the
      same horny layer strip-series test area-impressioned by individual and regional
      horny layer conditions. This permits conclusions concerning not only the horny
      layer transparency but also the horny layer solidity and stripping capability.
      Thus, the procedure opens new horizons for experimental and clinical questions
      regarding horny layer diagnostics.

PMID- 1211979
TI  - [Attitudes towards leprosy and its treatment in an Ethiopian community].

PMID- 1211980
TI  - Studies on transmission of Babesia bigemina.

PMID- 1211981
TI  - [Low body weight in in children 0-4 years old at Cap Bon, Tunisia].

PMID- 1211982
TI  - [Height and weight of schoolchildren in Cap Bon, Tunisia].

PMID- 1211983
TI  - [Bone changes in a case of leprosy].

PMID- 1211984
TI  - Presence of the circulating polysaccharide antigen in the liver of mice infected
      with Schistosoma mansoni.

PMID- 1211985
TI  - [Letter: Sending samples for histopathological examination].

PMID- 1211986
TI  - Obstructive jaundice in patients with pancreatitis without associated biliary
      tract disease.
AB  - Jaundice occurring in patients with pancreatitis is usually due to hepatocellular
      injury or to associated biliary tract disease. Common duct obstruction is
      occasionally caused by pancreatic fibrosis, edema or pseudocyst in patients who
      have neither hepatocellular injury nor biliary tract disease. We have studied 7
      patients with obstructive jaundice due to pancreatitis who demonstrated no other
      known cause for jaundice. The difficulty in making the differential diagnosis
      between benign and malignant disease in these patients, particularly when no pain
      is associated with obstructive jaundice, is discussed. In view of the fact that
      the terminal common duct traverses the pancreas, it is uncertain why obstructive
      jaundice associated with chronic pancreatitis does not occur more often unless
      the condition is sometimes transient and overlooked. Operative intervention is
      required in those patients in whom jaundice is persistent. Operation is intended
      to decompress the biliary tract and the pancreas. The approach used will be
      dictated by the operative findings in each patient.

PMID- 1211988
TI  - An evaluation of the application procedure for surgical house officership.
AB  - The application procedure for surgical house officership was evaluated at 25
      university affiliated surgical training programs. Major inadequacies were found
      with the present system. The prospective house officer often does not receive
      relevant, up-to-date or useful literature, and interviews and tours were
      frequently conducted in a haphazard manner. Recommendations are offered to
      improve the application process and criteria are provided, which should assure
      adequate levels of information and help the candidate arrive at an appropriate
      decision with regard to postgraduate training.

PMID- 1211987
TI  - Postoperative adrenal hemorrhage.
AB  - Twelve elderly patients without Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome or adrenal tumor
      who had spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage one to 33 days after operation are
      described. Seven of these patients had operations on the gastrointestinal tract,
      one on the biliary system, two on the genitourinary system and two on the central
      nervous system. Important factors relating to adrenal hemorrhage included: intra
      abdominal sepsis in 5 patients, cancer in 4, pneumonia in 4, coagulation defects
      in 2, exogenous steroids in 2, and syphilis in one patient. Spontaneous adrenal
      hemorrhage should be considered in patients whose condition deteriorates rapidly
      after operation and in whom no other explanation is plausible. Its detection and
      appropriate therapy can be lifesaving.

PMID- 1211989
TI  - Left-sided gallbladder:: calculous cholecystitis with situs inversus.
AB  - A 59-year-old woman with complete situs inversus, developed cholecystitis in a
      left-sided gallbladder. The diagnosis was made radiologically and a successful
      operation performed. A diseased gallbladder containing two calculi, together with
      the appendix, was removed. An operative cholangiogram revealed a normal, but
      transposed, biliary system. The literature on this subject is reviewed.

PMID- 1211991
TI  - Prevention of infection in war chest injuries.
AB  - Infection is a major complication of military chest injuries. In a series of 142
      wounded, infectious complications occurred in 7 (4.9%). Factors influencing the
      incidence of infection are evaluated. In this group of injuries, 81 patients were
      admitted soon after wounding. The intrathoracic damage was severe, due to
      penetration of metallic fragment. The hemothorax was treated by immediate
      intercostal drainage. Immediate thoracotomy was performed in 10 patients and late
      thoractomy in 15. One patient developed a lung abscess and 5 patients had
      infection following thoracotomy (7.4%). Another 61 wounded patients had been
      first managed in a forward hospital, including three with thoractomy for massive
      bleeding. Two, not in a forward hospital, had a bullet removed from the lung.
      Upon admission to this hospital, intercostal drains were inserted when needed and
      four patients underwent thoracotomy. Larger wounds were debrided in 24 patients.
      Late thoracotomy was perfromed in seven. Chronic empyema developed in one patient
      after pneumonectomy performed at the field hospital, resulting in a resuscitation
      or infection rate of less than 2%. Factors contributing to a low infection rate
      were: early drainage of hemothoraces and wide debridement of larger wounds with
      delayed closure and avoidance of thoracotomy as primary treatment. Resection of
      lung tissue was avoided. Thoraco-abdominal injuries were treated separately. The
      clotted hemothorax was immediately evacuated. Prolonged antibiotic therapy was
      usually indicated.

PMID- 1211990
TI  - A small arterial substitute: expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene:
      patency versus porosity.
AB  - Eighty-nine grafts of expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with a
      diameter of 4 mm, were placed in the carotid and femoral arteries of dogs. The
      animals were sacrificed at varying intervals beginning three days after
      operation. Four animals remain alive with patent grafts 10 months post
      operatively. Twenty-four of 89 grafts were occluded, an overall patency of 73%.
      Fibril length (pore size) of the graft material was varied from 4 to 110 microns.
      Average pore size ranged from 9 to 65 microns. Wall thickness varied from 0.3 to
      0.75 mm. Density ranged from 0.24 to 0.35 g/ml. Tissue ingrowth, neointimization
      and patency rate as compared to pore size, wall-thickness and density of expanded
      PTFE were observed. Pore size is the primary determinant of tissue ingrowth,
      neointimization and patency. Of 51 grafts with an average pore size of 22 microns
      or less, there were 6 occlusions, an 88% patency rate. There were 38 grafts with
      an average pore size of 34 microns or greater. In these 38 grafts, 18 occlusions
      were observed, a 53% patency rate. Patent grafts demonstrated tissue ingrowth,
      capillary formation an a thin neointima. Using small pore grafts, patency rates
      of 90% can be anticipated in the dog. Expanded microporous PTFE with its ease of
      handling, strength and pliability may be the vascular prosthesis of choice in
      man.

PMID- 1211992
TI  - Prolonged secretion of lithogenic bile after cholecystectomy.
AB  - Hepatic bile samples were obtained from 8 subjects 1 1/2 to 23 years after
      cholecystectomy for presumed cholesterol gallstones. The content of cholesterol,
      bile acids and lecithin was determined for each bile sample and compared to the
      values found in gallbladder bile in 15 control subjects undergoing
      cholecystectomy for pure and mixed cholesterol stones. Plot of the data on
      triangular coordinates and subsequent determination of lithogenic index showed
      that bile was supersaturated with cholesterol in both groups of patients. The
      cholesterol content of bile remained at supersaturated levels following
      cholecystectomy and showed no tendency to return toward normal levels with the
      passage of time.

PMID- 1211993
TI  - Reversed gastric tube (RGT) esophagoplasty for failure of colon, jejunum and
      prosthetic interpositions.
AB  - Reversed gastric tube (RGT) esophagoplasty is preferred by the author as the
      primary procedure for esophageal replacement. Many patients undergoing RGT
      esophagoplasty, however, have previously had multiple operative procedures. A
      particularly challenging problem in esophageal reconstruction is the patient who
      has already had unsuccessful intestinal or prosthetic interposition operations in
      attempts to reconstruct the esophagus. In such patients, it has been possible to
      replace the esophagus by means of the RGT operation. Of 67 RGT esophagoplasties,
      9  patients (13.4%) had previous interposition operations that had failed. Six
      had undergone colon interposition; 2 of these had strictured, 1 had partially
      sloughed leaving a cervical salivary fistula, and in 1 the proximal end was never
      patent. In each instance, bypass with RGT was performed without resecting the
      colon transplant. The colon had necrosed and was removed in 2 patients. Of the
      remaining 3 patients, in 1 a plastic esophageal prothesis had sloughed and two
      had free jejunal transplants, 1 of which had impaired vascularity and the other
      had fibrosed. The specific techniques used to reconstruct the esophagus by
      reversed gastric tube esophagoplasty, as they relate to this particular group of
      patients, are described.

PMID- 1211994
TI  - Femoral neuropathy and ischemic colitis associated with amyloidosis in
      hemodialysis patients.
AB  - Renal failure is often the presenting problem with amyloidosis and it portends a
      generally poor prognosis. Two of 121 patients in a home dialysis program were
      found to have amyloidosis after they developed unusual complications, ischemic
      colitis and femoral neuropathy. Both ultimately died as a result of their
      disease. From the limited experience that is reported, it appears that renal
      transplantation offers a better alternative for long term therapy than
      hemodialysis.

PMID- 1211996
TI  - Goiter and deaf mutism.
AB  - The occurrence of deaf-mutism and goiter unassocaited with creatinism or mental
      retardation in euthyroid patients is known as Pendred's Syndrome. It is
      considered due to a single mutant recessive gene responsible for both the goiter
      and deafness. The penetrance is high, the intenseness of expressivity may vary
      within the same family and only one generation is affected. The extremely
      atypical hyperplasia seen in such goiters has been considered malignant. In 1956
      the author reported a family in which 4 of 6 sibilings demonstrated Pendred's
      Syndrome. Three of the 4 had undergone thyroidectomy, two were considered to have
      carcinoma. Nineteen years later the family is again reported. The fourth sibling
      has recently undergone thyroidectomy. This thyroid demonstrated the same atypical
      hyperplasia as seen in the elder two siblings. The 19 year followup of this
      family has shown no evidence of recurrence or metastases, indicating that the
      atypical hyperplasia is probably not malignant. Pendred's Syndrome is described
      and certain suggestions are made for the counseling of the parents and the
      treatment and counseling of those children so afflicted.

PMID- 1211995
TI  - Successful treatment of hepatic artery aneurysm with erosion into the common
      duct.
AB  - A patient with an hepatic artery aneurysm is presented with preoperative
      angiographs, and intra-operative photographs demonstrating erosion and
      fistulazation into the common duct. The aneurysm was ligated and excised, and the
      erosion of the common duct was treated successfully with a Roux-en-Y
      choledochoduodenstomy. This is the fourth case with erosion into the common duct
      to be treated successfully by surgery. The other three cases are discussed. A
      review of the literature reveals that hepatic artery aneurysms are rare, and
      successful treatment is based on several different techniques. Ligation of the
      hepatic artery, with or without excision of the aneurysm, is discussed as a
      method that may in fact be the safest treatment in a group of patients who
      because of their disease are already in a high risk category.

PMID- 1211997
TI  - Effect of nutrition, diet and suture material on long term wound healing.
AB  - Although it is known that malnutrition hinders early wound healing, it has not
      been determined whether this occurs because of formation of a poor scar or a slow
      rate of normal healing; the ultimate fate of the malnourished wound is unknown.
      Malnutrition was produced in rats by short gut syndrome. Elemental diet was
      compared to rat chow and silk was compared with polyglycolic acid suture.
      Nutritional deficiency was seen in short gut rats for two weeks postoperatively.
      Thereafter adaptation allowed partial recovery, but relative deficiency
      persisted. Morbidity and mortality of short gut rats doubled that of controls and
      all wound complications were limited to this group, occurring within the first
      two weeks. Malnourished animals surviving for 60 days had wound strength equal to
      the control rats as determined by gut anastomosis bursting strength, skin wound
      breaking strength and wound hydroxyproline content. Neither diet nor suture
      material altered ultimate wound strength. Improved nutrition allowed more animals
      and wound to survive, but ultimate healing survivors was indistinguishable from
      that of normal controls. Thus early weakness probably results from slow healing
      rather than formation of poor scar. Nutrition plays an important role in early
      strength and survival, but not in ultimate wound healing.

PMID- 1211998
TI  - Noninvasive cardiac evaluation (NICE) of intracardiac shunts using inhaled
      radioactive carbon dioxide.
AB  - A totally new, noninvasive technique is presented for the detection and analysis
      of left-to-right cardiac shunts. Five millicuries of oxygen 15-labeled carbon
      dioxide is administered by a single-breath inhalation technique. The resultant
      lung washout curve accurately reflects the presence or absence of a shunt. The
      quantitative studies are promising, but the method must be compared with standard
      techniques in a statistically significant series. This work is in progress.

PMID- 1211999
TI  - The role of intraaortic balloon counterpulsation in patients undergoing cardiac
      operations.
AB  - Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) was used to assist 60 patients
      undergoing cardiac operations for reasons of acute left ventricular  failure (18
      patients) or electively for indications in high-risk coronary and valvular heart
      disease (42 patients). Nine of 18 patients achieved hemodynamic stability when
      treated for acute perioperative or postoperative cardiogenic shock. Four of these
      died from problems unassociated with postoperative left ventricular failure and 5
      were long-term survivors, indicating a potential salvage of 50%. In 42 high-risk
      patients, IABC was used electively to control preinfarction angina before
      operation (21 patients) and prophylactically to prevent postoperative low-output
      failure in another 21 patients with severe coronary and valvular heart disease.
      Thirty-nine, or 93%, of these patients survived. There were no deaths in the
      preinfarction angina group, 1 death in the group with coronary disease and
      ejection fractions less than 30%, and 2 deaths in those with valvular heart
      disease and congestive failure. Seven patients developed thrombotic or ischemic
      complications, but no permanent damage resulted. IABC is an important form of
      assistance for any patient with preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative
      left ventricular failure and adds safety and hemodynamic stability for the high
      risk patient with preinfarction angina or poor ventricular function.

PMID- 1212000
TI  - The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion pressure on myocardial gas
      tensions in the presence of coronary stenosis.
AB  - Mass spectrometry was utilized to determine myocardial gas tensions in dogs
      subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass. Myocardial ischemia occurred in animals with
      normal coronary arteries when cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion pressure fell 40
      to 60 mm Hg below the mean aortic pressure measured prior to bypass. Myocardial
      ischemia did not occur, or could be eliminated when present, if cardiopulmonary
      bypass perfusion pressure was maintained near prebypass mean aortic pressure. In
      animals with constricted circumflex coronary arteries, the adverse effect of low
      perfusion pressure on myocardial metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass was
      found to be more severe in areas of myocardium supplied by the stenotic coronary
      artery. It is concluded that maintenance of cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion
      pressure near the level of preoperative mean aortic pressure will help prevent
      myocardial ischemia during operation; particularly in patients with coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 1212001
TI  - Is mediastinoscopy necessary in the evaluation of lung cancer?
AB  - The records of 96 consecutive patients who underwent mediastinoscopy and were
      ultimately shown to have bronchogenic carcinoma were reviewed. Indirect tests for
      mediastinal tumor metastases in these patients included bronchoscopy and chest
      roentgenograms in all 96, mediastinal laminagrams in 65, esophagograms in 27,
      carinal biopsy in 23, bronchograms in 5, pulmonary angiograms in 5, azygograms in
      2, and aortograms in 2 patients. Of the 43 patients in this series in whom all
      indirect tests revealed no metastases, mediastinoscopy showed nodal involvement
      in 11 (28%), who were thus spared unnecessary thoracotomy. On the other hand, if
      negative mediastinoscopy had not cast doubt on the validity of indirect tests
      that seemed to show metastases, an operation might actuallly have been denied to
      14 patients who were ultimately proved to have anatomically resectable disease.

PMID- 1212002
TI  - Coarctation of the abdominal aorta with multiple aneurysms. Operative correction.
AB  - An 11-year-old asymptomatic girl with hypertension was found to have coarctation
      of the abdominal aorta with four aneurysms in or adjacent to the hypoplastic
      segment of aorta. Operative treatment included insertion of a thoracoabdominal
      aortic bypass graft and resection of the aneurysms. The association of abdominal
      coarctation and aneurysm formation is reviewed and the rationale for therapy
      discussed.

PMID- 1212003
TI  - A method for revascularization of circumflex marginal coronary arteries.
AB  - The transverse sinus route for bypassing high marginal circumflex coronary
      arteries facilitates the operation and obviates potential kinking sites at the
      left atrial appendage and pericardial reflection over the pulmonary veins. The
      vein bypass emerges from the transverse sinus and closely parallels the marginal
      circumflex coronary vessels.

PMID- 1212004
TI  - Internal mammary--coronary artery anastomosis. "No-touch" technique.
AB  - A simple technique for internal mammary--coronary artery anastomosis that can be
      applied to all branches of the coronary circulation is described. The anastomosis
      can be constructed in 10 to 15 minutes. This technique eliminates pinching of the
      internal mammary artery by forceps.

PMID- 1212006
TI  - Letter: Management of flail chest.

PMID- 1212005
TI  - Correction of truncus arteriosus after pulmonary artery banding.
AB  - Correction of truncus arteriosus can be performed in the older child with low
      mortality. However, many infants are severely symptomatic with increased
      pulmonary blood flow and require banding of the pulmonary artery at an age when
      correction has a high mortality. The pulmonary artery band can complicate the
      usual technique of the subsequent repair. An alternative approach following
      pulmonary artery banding is to interrupt the pulmonary artery--truncus continuity
      with a patch from within the truncus and then place the external valved conduit
      onto the pulmonary artery in an end-to-side manner.

PMID- 1212007
TI  - Letter: Methods of chest drainage.

PMID- 1212008
TI  - Letter: Surgery for transposition of great arteries.

PMID- 1212009
TI  - Letter: Surgery of bronchial neoplasms.

PMID- 1212010
TI  - Norepinephrine content of various rat organs after chronic administration of
      desmethylimipramine.
AB  - The effect of chronic oral administration of desmethylimipramine (DMI) on the
      norepinephrine (NE) content of various organs was examined in rats. The present
      results show that in contrast to its effect on the brain, where it lowered the NE
      concentration, chronically administered DMI either did not change (vas deferens)
      or tended to increase (heart and spleen) the NE concentrations in the examined
      peripheral organs. The effect of chronic DMI administration on the brain seems to
      be specific since this was the only studied organ in which a decreased NE
      concentration was observed.

PMID- 1212011
TI  - Effect of cyanoketone on digitoxin-induced mortality and hepatic mixed function
      oxidases in rats.
AB  - Cyanoketone pretreatment protected female rats against digitoxin-induced
      mortality. Cyanoketone also acts as an inducer of hepatic mixed function
      oxidases, increasing cytochrome P-450 content and enhancing aniline hydroxylase
      and aminopyrine demethylase activities. The protective effect of cyanoketone
      against digitoxin toxicity may be due to the enhanced conversion of the glycoside
      to more polar metabolites which are more readily excretable.

PMID- 1212012
TI  - Suppression of Cerebellar Evoked Potentials by a peripheral action  of
      diphenylhydantoin.
AB  - Cerebellar evoked potentials were produced by muscle stretch, increased muscle
      tension and direct stimulation of axons originating  in muscle nerves.
      Diphenylhydantoin, 10 mg/kg, suppressed only the cerebellar potentials evoked by
      muscle stretch indicating a suppression of muscle spindle function leading to a
      reduced cerebellar input. With larger DPH doses (total 60 mg/kg) cerebellar
      evoked responses produced by any of the above forms of stimulation were depressed
      indicating an impairment in the CNS. The data indicate that peripheral
      suppression of muscle spindles contributes to the cerebellar deficits observed in
      intoxication with diphenylhydantoin.

PMID- 1212013
TI  - Antagonism of barbiturate by DNA pyrimidines and allied compounds.
AB  - The mortality caused by barbiturate poisoning in mice is reduced by the combined
      action of the DNA pyrimidines thymine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-HMC) and the
      structurally related vitamins, pyridoxal, nicotinamide and thiamine, given
      intraperitoneally. The acute hypnotic effect of sodium pentobarbital at moderate
      to high dosages is also antagonized by these compounds. All five compounds are
      required for activity. The structural similiarity between these antagonist
      components and the barbiturates had suggested that the former's reactions as
      cofactors or as the constituents of more complex molecules might be points of
      drug inhibition. It therefore appeared that this inhibition might be reversed by
      administration of these cellular constituents. The obligatory requirement for
      both thymine and 5-HMC as components of this antagonist raises the possibility
      that a metabolically reactive DNA species in brain may be one site of barbiturate
      action. At the dosages employed, this antagonist produces no behavioral or
      symptomatic response in non-narcotized animals and may thus provide a basis for
      treatment of barbiturate poisoning.

PMID- 1212014
TI  - Influence of halothane on calcium movements in isolated heart muscle and in
      isolated plasma membranes.
AB  - The influence of halothane on cellular calcium movements was studied in guinea
      pig isolated atria and in isolated plasma membrane from guinea-pig myocardial
      muscle. In spontaneously beating atria halothane (1.6 X 10(-4) M) significantly
      reduced the rate of 45Ca-accumulation, but the total tissue calcium content and
      the exchangeable fractions remained unchanged. In isolated plasma membranes the
      rate of 45Ca- uptake was increased by halothane. Moreover, the binding capacity
      for calcium was increased as well upon exposure to halothane in concentrations
      that are sufficiently elevated to depress cardiac contractile force. This finding
      is interpreted in the sense of a reduced amount of ionized calcium that can be
      made available for excitation-contraction coupling, owing to the halothane-
      induced acceleration of calcium binding by plasma membranes. Kinetic experiments
      in isolated atria had already suggested that halothane probably acts at the level
      of the outward cell membrane. The changes in membraneous calcium migration may be
      causally related to the cardiodepressive influence of the anaesthetic agent.

PMID- 1212016
TI  - Synthesis and adrenergic neuron blocking properties of some alkylating analogues
      of bretylium.
AB  - A series of ortho-substituted N-alkyl-N-(2-chloroethyl)-benzylamines have been
      prepared. These compounds are structurally similar to the adrenergic neuron
      blocking agent bretylium. They were tested for neuron blocking activity using
      both the innervated rabbit jejunum and the vas-deferens-hypogastric nerve
      preparation of the guinea pig. Three compounds possessed some adrenergic neuron
      blocking activity of a prolonged nature, the most potent being N-(2-chloroethyl)
      N-(0-bromobenzyl)-ethylamine.

PMID- 1212015
TI  - Effects of ethanol and its interaction with vasoactive agents in bovine vascular
      smooth muscle.
AB  - The vascular effects of ethanol were evaluated using isolated arteries from
      bovine brain, eye, and kidney. Ethanol induced contraction in all vessels, but
      only at concentrations in excess of lethal blood levels in man. At a
      concentration approximating that found in the blood during intoxication (43 mM),
      ethanol had no effect on renal vascular responses to norepinephrine, serotonin,
      or histamine. The response of ocular vessels to norepinephrine and histamine was
      significantly diminished by 43 mM ethanol, suggesting a possible mechanism
      underlying the "bloodshot" eyes found in acute intoxication. Cerebral vascular
      responses to vasoactive agents were generally unaffected by 43 mM ethanol,
      indicating that regional differences in brain perfusion are probably not a cause
      of the behavioral changes found during intoxication.

PMID- 1212017
TI  - Effect of glucagon on myoelectrical and mechanical activity recorded from the
      isolated homologous perfused canine stomach.
AB  - Totally isolated whole canine stomachs, perfused ex vivo with homologous blood,
      were used for recording of myoelectrical and mechanical activity. Hormones were
      administered into the arterial system of the isolated stomach. Pentagastrin,
      methacholine and electrical stimulation induced premature control potentials with
      uncoupling of the normal, phase locked, pattern of electrical control activity
      and also stimulated mechanical activity. Electrical response activity was also
      present. When the three modes of stimulation were applied during the infusion of
      glucagon, a marked inhibitory effect was observed. This effect consisted of
      inhibition of mechanical activity and of electrical response activity. Glucagon
      also decreased, but did not suppress the changes in electrical control activity
      observed after electrical stimulation and after injection of pentagastrin or
      methacholine into the gastric artery of the isolated stomach. During infusion of
      glucagon, the mean gastric arterial perfusion pressure and gastric peripheral
      vascular resistance were reduced.

PMID- 1212018
TI  - Direct renal hemodynamic effects of clonidine.
AB  - The renal hemodynamic and excretory effects of clonidine were tested in 2 groups
      of dogs. In one group, the drug was given directly into the renal artery at a
      rate of 1.2 mug/min and resulted in a significant decrease of the effective renal
      plasma flow (ERPF) in both kidneys, an increase in filtration fraction (F.F.),
      urine volume (U.V.), and free water clearance (CH2O) and had no effect upon the
      glomerular filtration rate (GFR), osmolar clearance (Cosm) and the excretion of
      sodium (UNa+V), chloride (UC1-V), potassium (UK+V), calcium (UCa++V) and
      phosphorous (UP04V). In the second group of animals it was given intravenously at
      a rate of 12.0 mug/min and resulted in a significant decrease of ERPF, UNa+V, UC1
      V, and an increase in F.F., U.V. and CH2O and had no effect upon GFR, Cosm, UK+V,
      UCa++V and UPO4V. Systemically, it decreased heart rate (H.R.) and respiratory
      rate (R.R.) in both groups of animals; it increased blood pressure (BP) in Group
      I and had no effect on BP in Group II.

PMID- 1212020
TI  - Influence of catecholaminergic agents on narcotic binding in brain.
AB  - The effects of various agents on the specific tissue binding of 3H-naloxone and
      3H-naltrexone were examined. In addition to the narcotics, alpha-adrenergic
      blockers and dopamine antagonists also significantly inhibited the specific
      bindings of these opiates. The binding of naloxone or naltrexone was not
      significantly altered by beta-adrenergic blockers, agents which block the effects
      of acetylcholine, serotonin and histamine at the receptor level, and a number of
      other drugs. Kinetic analyses revealed that the alpha-adrenergic and dopamine
      antagonists competitively inhibited the binding of naloxone. The results of these
      studies provide additional evidence for an interaction between the narcotics and
      catecholaminergic agents.

PMID- 1212019
TI  - Effects of metiamide on distribution of 14C-histamine in aortic smooth muscle.
AB  - The effects of metiamide on 14C-histamine movements and on contractions induced
      by histamine were studied in rabbit aortic smooth muscle. Low temperature (0
      degrees C) and pretreatment with aminoguanidine or chloroquine markedly reduced
      the uptake of 14C. Component analysis of 14C efflux curves indicated that this
      decrease occurred mainly within the slower of two washout components. Addition of
      metiamide (but not pyrilamine) to the bathing solution decreased 14C-histamine
      uptake, and exposure to metiamide during the washout of 14C-histamine decreased
      the rate of efflux. These effects of metiamide on 14C-histamine movements can be
      explained in terms of an altered ability of rabbit aortic smooth muscle to
      accumulate histamine at some cellular site or store.

PMID- 1212021
TI  - The effects of drugs on accumulation and release of catecholamines in rat brain
      slices.
AB  - Pretreatment of rats with reserpine decreased the uptake and release of labelled
      NE and DA in rat slices. MAO inhibition with nialamide partially antagonized the
      effects of reserpine, but nialamide itself decreased the release of labelled DA.
      Treatment of brain slices in vitro with phenoxybenzamine or desmethylimipramine
      inhibited uptake of catecholamines, and affected spontaneous and electrically
      stimulated release in a manner consistent with the existence of an alpha-receptor
      mediated feedback regulation of release at both NE and DA nerve terminals. The
      effect of phenoxybenzamine on stimulated release was observed to be dependent on
      stimulation rate.

PMID- 1212022
TI  - Effect of amphetamine and apomorphine on brain monoamines and behaviour in the
      immature and young adult rat.
AB  - In the immature rat (12-day old), amphetamine (10 mg/kg i.p.) caused an initial
      increase in forward locomotion, followed 15 min later by intermittent stereotyped
      behaviour (SB). Fifty to 65 min after injection the animals entered a phase of
      sleep which lasted 1-3 hrs; after this period continuous SB emerged, lasting 2-3
      hrs. Brain amphetamine levels (half-life = 150 min) were elevated throughout the
      sequence of behavioural effects. Peak amphetamine levels were lower in the
      immature rat than in the adult rat. In the immature animal amphetamine caused a
      decrease in brain dopamine (DA) 4 hrs after injection and a sustained decrease in
      noradrenaline (NA) which was evident at 90 min and persisted throughout the
      study; a significant increase in serotonin (5HT) was evident at 15 min but had
      returned to normal at 90 mins. In the young adult rat (5-6 wks old), amphetamine
      caused an increase in forward locomotion, followed in 10-15 min by continuous SB
      lasting 4-4.5 hrs. The half-life of brain amphetamine was 66 min. Amphetamine
      increased brain DA and NA within 15 min of injection. At 90 min 5HT was elevated,
      DA had returned to normal but NA was still increased; thereafter the
      concentration of NA declined to significantly lower levels than controls and 5HT
      returned to normal. In the immature rat, apomorphine (10 mg/kg i.p.) caused an
      initial increase in locomotion which was followed 10 min later by transient
      intermittent SB. Following this, the animals entered a phase of sleep which
      lasted about 40 min before intermittent SB reemerged; this persisted for 1-2 hrs.
      Apomorphine caused an increase in NA and a corresponding decrease in DA at 15 and
      30 mins after injection after which the levels of these amines returned to
      normal; 5HT levels were unchanged. In the adult rat SB commenced immediately
      after injection of apomorphine and lasted 70 min. There were no changes in levels
      of brain monoamines. There was no clear correlation between behavioural
      observations and levels of brain monoamines after amphetamine or apomorphine.

PMID- 1212023
TI  - The narcotic cue: evidence for the specificity of the stimulus properties of
      narcotic drugs.
AB  - Various non-narcotic drugs with intrinsic stimulus properties were found not to
      be generalized with fentanyl treatment in rats trained to discriminate fentanyl
      (0.04 mg/kg, s.c., t-30') from its solvent (s.c., t-30'). In contrast, five
      typical narcotic analgesics yielded dose-dependent generalization with fentanyl
      treatment. The results evidence the specific character of the narcotic cue in
      rats.

PMID- 1212024
TI  - Influence of bile flow, theophylline and some organic anions on the biliary
      excretion of 3H-ouabain in rats.
AB  - The influence of some organic anions and theophylline on the biliary excretion of
      3H-ouabain in bile-fistula rats (treated with 55 nmoles X kg(-1) 3H-ouabain i.p.)
      was investigated. Compared with controls (31.5 +/- 1.6 nmoles X kg(-1) per 3 hr)
      the excreted amounts of the glycoside within 3 hr were decreased to the following
      values: 22.3 +/- 0.9 nmoles X kg(-1) by taurocholic acid (0.7 nmoles X kg(-1) X
      hr(-1); 25.6 +/- 1.7 nmoles X kg(-1) by sulfobromophthalein (0.15 nmoles X kg(
      1); 19.3 +/- 2.0 nmoles X kg(-1) by phenolphthalein (0.5 nmoles X kg(-1) and 20.9
      +/- 2.1 nmoles X kg(-1) by probenecid (1.5 nmoles X kg(-1). Taurocholic acid and
      probenecid increased the bile flow by about 50 per cent compared to the controls
      as well as the biliary excretion of Na+, K+ and Cl-. Ethacrynic acid (0.2 nmoles
      X kg(-1) and the phospho-diesterase inhibitor theophylline (1.1 nmoles X kg(-1)
      had no influence on bile flow, electrolyte-and ouabain excretion. Therefore no
      relation between the biliary transport of ouabain and the bile flow could be
      observed. The interference of the hepatic transport of ouabain with organic
      anions is discussed in view of the current concept of a specific hepatic
      transport for steroid compounds.

PMID- 1212025
TI  - Alteration of drug pharmacodynamics by hyperlipidemia.
AB  - Circulating lipid levels, when elevated, can alter the pharmacodynamics of
      lipophilic drugs presumably by acting as an additional storage depot for such
      drugs. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and phenylephrine produced less effect on the
      blood pressure of atherosclerotic-hyperlipidemic rabbits than of control rabbits.
      This difference was apparently not due to alterations in vascular smooth muscle
      since aortic strips from the normal and severely atherosclerotic rabbit responded
      identically to the contractile effects of these drugs. Further, hyperlipidemic
      rats which had not yet become atherosclerotic were less responsive to the
      convulsant effects of fluorthyl, a highly lipophilic drug. In the presence of
      emulsified fat the contractile response of the rat ileum in vitro to PGE1 and
      acetylcholine was greatly reduced. The inhibition was reversed when fat was
      removed from the bathing solution. The response to PGE1, which is more lipid
      soluble than acetylcholine, was more sensitive to inhibition by the presence of
      lipid. Finally, the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered sulfamerazine,
      a lipophilic drug, appeared to be altered in the hyperlipidemic rabbit.

PMID- 1212026
TI  - Response of normal subjects to a single 2-milligram dose of glucagon administered
      intramuscularly.
AB  - Recently there has been increased interest in glucagon because in human
      radiographic and endoscopic studies it has been reported to relax the
      gallbladder, stomach, small bowel and colon. These results suggest it may be
      preferable as a diagnostic aid for these procedures. Therefore, we believed it
      important to assess the safety, and clinical laboratory responses after glucagon
      is given to normal subjects. Twenty normal subjects received 2 mg of glucagon and
      placebo intramuscularly at daily intervals, double-blind and crossover. After
      glucagon there was an increase in the WBC, bands, neutrophiles, fasting blood
      sugar, glucagon and insulin, and a decrease in the lymphocytes. There was no
      change in the pulse rate or blood pressure with minimal reports of side effects.
      These results tend to confirm other reports that glucagon is one of the stress
      hormones. Glucagon is remarkably safe and produces few, mild and transient side
      effects, not much greater than placebo.

PMID- 1212027
TI  - [Effect of ingestion of derivatives of quinoxaline on the enzymatic detoxication
      activity of hepatic microsomes in the rat].
AB  - Female rats received quinoxaline, 2,3-dimethyl quinoxaline, 2,3-diphenyl
      quinoxaline and 2,3-dithiol quinoxaline by oral intubation for 4 days (500
      mg/kg/day) and drug-metabolizing enzymes were investigated. A significant
      stimulation in liver microsomal enzymes occurred after 2,3-dimethyl quinoxaline
      and 2,3-diphenyl quinoxaline treatments; these changes were associated with
      increases in cytochrome P-450 level and in RNA and protein contents of the
      microsomal fraction. Quinoxaline had no effect on the metabolic rate of the
      studied substrates but increased the cytochrome P-450 and the RNA and protein
      levels; whereas, 2,3-dithiol quinoxaline inhibited the aminopyrine and N
      methylaniline N-demethylations and decreased the cytochrome P-450 per mg
      microsomal protein.

PMID- 1212028
TI  - Pharmacological and electrophysiological characteristics of neurones in the
      paramedian reticular nucleus.
AB  - 1. Neurones in the paramedian reticular nucleus of decerebrate, unanaesthetised
      cats have been identified by microelectrode recording combined with antidromic
      activation of their axons in the ipsilateral inferior cerebellar peduncle. Most
      paramedian reticular neurones were not influenced by somatic stimulation. 2. When
      applied by iontophoresis from multibarrelled micropipettes acetylcholine and 5
      hydroxytryptamine excited all but a few paramedian reticular neurones while l
      noradrenaline inhibited almost all the neurones investigated. The excitatory
      response to acetylcholine could be antagonised by gallamine. 3. The paramedian
      reticular nucleus appears to be a relatively homogeneous group of neurones,
      pharmacologically as well as anatomically.

PMID- 1212029
TI  - Response of Renshaw cells to sinusoidal stretch of hindlimb extensor muscles.
AB  - 1. Renshaw cells responding disynaptically to electrically induced group I
      volleys in the intact gastrocnemius-soleus (GS) nerve, were submitted to small
      amplitude, high-frequency vibration applied longitudinally to the deefferented GS
      muscle in precollicular decerebrate cats. 2. Vibration of the GS muscle at
      200/sec, 180 mu peak-to-peak amplitude for 80-100 msec produced a sudden increase
      in the discharge rate of Renshaw cells, which gradually decreased within 25-50
      msec to reach a steady level higher than that recorded in the absence of
      vibration. 3. Excitation of Renshaw cells appeared at a threshold amplitude of
      vibration (at 200-250/sec) of 5-20 mu and increased to a maximum value for
      amplitudes of about 70-80 mu, i.e., when all the primary endings of the spindles
      from the GS muscle had been driven by the stimulus. Recruitment of the secondary
      endings of the muscle spindles, due to large amplitude muscle vibration, did not
      modify the response of the Renshaw cells to the mechanically induced group Ia
      volleys. 4. These findings were obtained with the GS muscle pulled at 8 mm of
      initial extension. A threshold response of Renshaw cells to vibration appeared at
      4 mm of static stretch, while maximal responses occurred at 8 mm. No further
      increase and actually a slight decrease in the response appeared for initial
      extensions of the muscle of 10-12 mm. 5. For a given vibration amplitude, the
      response of the Renshaw cells increased with increasing frequencies of vibration
      to reach the maximum at frequencies of 150-250/sec. Bursts of Renshaw cell
      discharges synchronous to each stroke of vibrator occurred only for low
      frequencies of stimulation (less than 25/sec). 6. It is concluded that vibration
      of the GS muscle represents a very effective method in exciting the Renshaw cells
      and that this response depends upon selective stimulation of homonymous
      motoneurons monosynaptically excited by the orthodromic volleys originating from
      the primary endings of the corresponding muscle spindles.

PMID- 1212031
TI  - The sensitivity of Renshaw cells to velocity of sinusoidal stretches of the
      triceps surae muscle.
AB  - 1. The electrical activity of Renshaw cells monosynaptically excited by ventral
      root stimulation and disynaptically excited by electric stimulation of the group
      I afferents in the GS nerve has been recorded and their response to individual
      sinusoidal stretches of the deefferented GS muscle tested for different
      amplitudes and durations of the stimulus. 2. The experimental data indicate that
      the Rensahw cell responses are not only length dependent but also rate dependent.
      This finding indicates that the same Renshaw cells receive recurrent collaterals
      of both tonic and phasic motoneurons. 3. The observation that the discharge of
      Renshaw cells is particularly sensitive to the velocity of stretch suggests that
      the recurrent collaterals of large phasic motoneurons, which are recruited during
      high velocity stretches, exert a stronger excitatory action on Renshaw cells than
      do axon collaterals of the smaller tonic motoneurons, which are selectively
      stimulated during low velocity stretches.

PMID- 1212030
TI  - The relative sensitivity of Renshaw cells to orthodromic group Ia volleys caused
      by static stretch and vibrations of extensor muscles.
AB  - 1. Activity of Renshaw cells monosynaptically excited by ventral root stimulation
      and disynaptically excited by electric stimulation of the group Ia afferents in
      the gastrocnemius-soleus (GS) nerve, was recorded in precollicular decerebrate
      cats. The response of these units to prolonged vibration applied longitudinally
      to the deefferented GS muscle was then compared with that elicited by static
      stretch of the homonymous muscle, for comparable frequencies of discharge of the
      group Ia afferents. 2. Small-amplitude vibration of the GS muscle at 200/sec for
      one second produced a sudden increase in the discharge rate of Renshaw cells,
      which gradually decreased within the first 100 msec of vibration to reach steady
      albeit lower level than that obtained during the first part of vibration. The
      response of the Renshaw cells during the first 100 msec of vibration (phasic
      response) and that elicited during the last 500 msec of vibration (tonic
      response) were evaluated for different frequencies of sinusoidal stretch. The
      mean increase in the firing frequency per imp./sec in the Ia afferents was also
      calculated using the total one-second period. 3. The response of Renshaw cells to
      muscle vibration increased with the frequency of vibration and, over the value of
      10/sec, appeared to be linearly related to the frequency of the input, at least
      up to the frequency of 150/sec. Since vibration was of sufficient amplitude to
      produce driving of all the primary endings of muscle spindles, the responses were
      expressed as mean increases in the discharge rate of Renshaw cells per average
      impulse/sec in the Ia afferents. The discharge of the Renshaw cell increased on
      the average by 2.90 and 1.08 imp./sec per each imp./sec in the Ia afferents
      during the phasic and the tonic component of the response respectively, while the
      response calculated during the whole period of vibration corresponded on the
      average to 1.45 imp./sec per each imp./sec in the Ia afferents. 4. The Renshaw
      cells tested above responded also with increasing frequencies of discharge to
      increasing levels of static extension of the GS muscle. In particular the
      discharge frequency of Renshaw cells was on the average linearly related to
      muscle extension, at least for values ranging from 0 to 8 mm. The mean increase
      in discharge rate as a function of the static extension corresponded on the
      average to 0.89 imp./sec/mm. Since the discharge rate of the primary endings of
      muscle spindles recorded from the deefferented GS muscle increased by 2.62
      imp./sec/mm, it appears that the mean increase in the discharge rate of Renshaw
      cells as a function of static extension corresponded to 0.34 imp./sec per each
      imp./sec in the Ia afferents.

PMID- 1212032
TI  - A simple technique for thermal stimulation of single semicircular canals.
AB  - Two simple thermodes for stimulating single semicircular canals have been
      designed in order to elicit eye nystagmus. The first, for warm stimulation, is
      based on the Joule effect: a silver needle is warmed up by means of a coiled
      nickrome wire. The temperature at the thermode tip is function of current
      intensity. The thermode for cold stimulation is a device in which a circulating
      freezing mixture cools a silver needle. The temperature at the thermode tip is
      proportional to the temperature of the freezing mixture.

PMID- 1212033
TI  - [Editorial: Prevention of rectocolic cancers].

PMID- 1212034
TI  - [Polyps of the colon: a study of 356 cases discovered during 2,067 routine
      necropsies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212035
TI  - [Acute post-operative ischaemic enterocolitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212036
TI  - [Severe stystemic reaction after intravenous sulfobromophthalein injection.
      Report of a case and review of the literature (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212037
TI  - [Protein losing enteropathy and retractile mesenteritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212038
TI  - [Carcinoma of the cystic duct. Report of a case and review of the literature
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212039
TI  - [Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212040
TI  - [Proceedings: Malabsorption and primary immunoglobulin A deficiency. Apropos of a
      case without atrophy and with villous atrophy].

PMID- 1212041
TI  - [Proceedings: Diarrhea in hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 1212042
TI  - [Proceedings: Diarrhea in medullary cancer of the thyroid].

PMID- 1212043
TI  - [Proceedings: Ischemic intestinal manifestations of digestive carcinoid tumors
      (apropos of 7 cases)].

PMID- 1212044
TI  - [Proceedings: Diarrhea in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome].

PMID- 1212045
TI  - [Proceedings: Diarrheas of hormone-secreting origin. Conclusions].

PMID- 1212046
TI  - [Proceedings: Multiseptal gallbladder. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 1212047
TI  - [Proceedings: Granulomatous hepatitis due to BCG during immunotherapy for
      malignant melanoma].

PMID- 1212048
TI  - [Proceedings: Liver neoplasms explored using echotomography].

PMID- 1212049
TI  - [Proceedings: A case of tuberculosis of the biliary tract].

PMID- 1212050
TI  - [Editorial: Chronic hereditary pancreatitis].

PMID- 1212051
TI  - [Evaluation of coloscopy: an experience based on 1,000 coloscopic examinations
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212052
TI  - [Macrocytosis in chronic alcoholic hepatitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212053
TI  - [Selection of discriminatory biochemical variables for the diagnosis of intra
      hepatic cholestasis, extra-hepatic cholestasis and liver cancer (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1212054
TI  - [Advantages of nitrous oxide over air and carbon dioxide for obtaining
      pneumoperitoneum prior to peritoneoscopy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212055
TI  - [Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with renal carcinoma. A clinico-pathological
      study of two cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212056
TI  - [Enteropathy and primary IgA deficiency. Report of a case with progressive
      atrophy of the intestinal mucosa (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212057
TI  - [Histological aspects of cholestasis in acute and chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 1212058
TI  - [Editorial: New concepts in idiopathic hemochromatosis].

PMID- 1212059
TI  - [Gastric polyposis in Gardner's syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212060
TI  - [Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the digestive diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212062
TI  - [Comparative study of two indirect hemagglutination tests for the serological
      diagnosis of hydatic disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212061
TI  - [Pseudomembranous colitis, a complication of antibiotic therapy. Report of 3
      cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212063
TI  - [Ischaemic stenosis of the colon without vascular occlusion occuring in the post
      partum. A case report (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212064
TI  - [Multiseptate gall-bladder: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212065
TI  - Clinical and hormonal aspects in breast cancer with special reference to
      malignant evolutive push.
AB  - It is tried to differentiate between various stages of malignant evolutive push
      and normal mammary tumors to establish an individual therapeutic procedure.
      Besides mammography and thermometry, investigations of urinary excretions of
      estrogenic and androgenic steriods are qualified for this purpose. Patients with
      malignant evolutive push showed an increased excretion of estrogens which reached
      its highest levels in patients suffering from inflammatory mammary carcinomas.
      The excretion of 17-ketosteroids shows a behaviour vice versa. Altogether mammary
      tumors with malignant evolutive push are characterized by a state of absolute and
      relative hyperestrogenity respectively. This phenomenon preferably depends on the
      clinical stage of the disease than on the age of the patients.

PMID- 1212066
TI  - [Hormonal treatment of breast cancer from surgical point of view (author's
      transl)].
AB  - At present the best results in treating breast cancer of stage I and II appear to
      be achieved by surgery alone. As an alternative method preference should be given
      to the so-called classical radical mastectomy. Restriction or widening of
      operative management may be useful in some cases, but the indication is
      problematic. There is a high risk of applying appropriate procedures to
      inappropriate patients. In radical mastectomy the incidence of errors and
      complications comes within reasonable limits. On the contrary, in stage III
      additional treatment is well justified. At this stage, surgery alone gives poor
      results. The fate of stage III patients first of all depends on the presence or
      absence of metastases; therefore, preference should be given to systemic
      additional treatment, but on the basis of individualized tried measures.
      Polypragmasia and blind systemic treatment are to be avoided. The time schedule
      of such additional treatment are to be avoided. The time schedule of such
      additional treatment has to be established, by controlled clinical trials. From
      these considerations, the following requirements can be formulated: 1.
      improvement of the oncologic level 2. centralisation in oncologic treatment and
      diagnostics 3. enlargement of existing or creation of new facilities for bi
      chemical and other testing, and for scientific investigation at the oneologic
      centers.

PMID- 1212067
TI  - [Investigation on radiosensitizing and tumor inhibiting actions of the
      antioxidant MTDQ (6,6'-methylen-bis/2,2,4-trimethyl-1-1,2-dihydroquinolin)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Unlike the hitherto known antioxidants, MTDQ is not a radiation protective-but a
      radiation sensitizing agent. According to autoradiographic findings accumulation
      of 14C-labelled MTDQ occurs in tumor tissue. The compound was found to be
      suitable in the combined treatment (MTDQ and 300 R x-ray therapy). In these
      instances tumor weight of solid Ehrlich- and Yoshida-tumors will be reduced even
      by doses ineffective as monotherapy. The MTDQ pretreatment of NKLy ascites
      tumorbearing rats raised survival rat by 60 to 90 per cent (controls 20%) and
      inhibited growth of solid Yoshida-tumors. No side-effects have been observed. In
      contrast to other antineoplastic agents MTDQ does not induce granulocytopenia.

PMID- 1212068
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Ftorafur (author's transl)].
AB  - The new soviet antimetabolite Ftorafur (N1-2'-Furanidyl-5-Fluorouracil, FFU) has
      been clinically evaluated in 18 selected patients with various solid tumours.
      Several of them had been treated before with other drugs. FFU was given to 8
      patients as a monotherapy whereas 10 patients received the drug in combination
      with other therapeutic measures. A total response rate of 9/18 was seen. Three
      out of 8 patients treated with FFU alone have responded objectively. Due to its
      low toxicity FFU became a clinically interesting drug which is suitable for long
      lasting administration. Its therapeutic activity is similar to that of 5
      Fluorouracil. FFU is especially effective in carcinomas of the breast and the
      gastro-intestinal tract. It can be applied locally or safely be combined with
      other drugs or with irradiation.

PMID- 1212069
TI  - A HEp-2 cell population obtained by selection in a growth medium with minimal
      calf serum concentrations.

PMID- 1212070
TI  - Electron microscopic study in guinea-pig cells during infection or vaccination
      with Coxiella burneti.

PMID- 1212071
TI  - "Wave immunoelectrophoresis", technique of identification of anodic antigens with
      common determinants.

PMID- 1212072
TI  - [Protective action of a killed antityphoid vaccine, administered orally].

PMID- 1212073
TI  - Peculiartities of some Salmonella serotypes of the group E.

PMID- 1212075
TI  - Serotype identification of Romanian leptospira strains belonging to the Pomona
      serogroup.

PMID- 1212074
TI  - Serotype determination of reference strains in the Pomona serogroup. Results
      obtained by using antisera prepared with living and respectively heat-killed
      leptospira as antigens.

PMID- 1212076
TI  - Host controlled restriction mutants of Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 1212077
TI  - Effect of smallpox vaccination on the product of conception.

PMID- 1212079
TI  - Electrophoretic mobility of the catalases of some mycobacteria.

PMID- 1212078
TI  - [Experimental Acanthamoeba castellani infections in white mice. Histopathological
      changes].

PMID- 1212080
TI  - [The immune response to heart antigens in rats treated with antilymphocyte
      serum].

PMID- 1212081
TI  - [Lysogeny of Klebsiella strains isolated from human infections].

PMID- 1212082
TI  - [Lysotyping of S. panama using additional autochthonous phages].

PMID- 1212083
TI  - [Characteristics of lysogenous phages of S. anatum].

PMID- 1212084
TI  - In vitro migration inhibition of blood clot fragment leukocytes.

PMID- 1212085
TI  - A new mouse embryo cell line. Some aspects of the spontaneous in vitro
      transformation.

PMID- 1212086
TI  - [The blattidae. IV. The efficacy of certain methods of application of
      insecticedes in the battle aginst Blattella germanica L].

PMID- 1212087
TI  - Contribution to the study of the biology of the Anopheles hyrcanus species from
      the Danube delta.

PMID- 1212088
TI  - [The induction of "interferon-like" agents in the serum and spleen of mice
      treated with two polymicrobial products].

PMID- 1212089
TI  - Menstrual cycle phases and personality variables as related to response to erotic
      stimuli.
AB  - The present research examined the relationship between menstrual cycle phases and
      response to erotic stimuli. Correlations between response to erotic stimuli and
      extraversion and neuroticism, as measured by the Eysenck Personality Inventory,
      were also investigated. Subjects were 60 university coeds who were shown
      explicitly erotic slides and asked to rate their sexual arousal while viewing
      these stimuli. Although significant effects were found for slides, no significant
      differences were noted amont women at different points in the menstrual cycle.
      Nonsignificant correlations were obtained between slide ratings and extraversion
      and neuroticism.

PMID- 1212090
TI  - Age and perceived effects of erotica-pornography: a national sample study.
AB  - In the spring of 1970, a national sample survey of 2486 adults (aged 20-80) was
      studied to ascertain U.S. public attitudes toward and experience with erotic
      materials. Twelve items measured whether or not those interviewed believed that
      looking at or reading sexual materials had certain effects on themselves or
      others. Initial description of the results revealed a considerable diversity of
      opinion. This report provides a multistage typology of those item responses,
      beginning with characterization of items as positive, neutral, or negative in
      effect. Striking age gradients were observed at each stage in the typology
      formation. At first glance, these results are hardly surprising, yet introduction
      of controls for level of education, gender, and reported previous levels of
      actual exposure to erotica did not appreciably change the age-graded response
      pattern. The last stage in the typology contained four levels and showed an
      attribute solely desirable and/or neutral effects to erotica. Those who expressed
      neutral and mixed (strongly positive and negative) views were somewhat older. The
      next age norms about explicit sexual materials took on a perception of no effects
      or a position of uncertainty. Finally, those who believed that pornography has
      largely or solely undesirable effects on its consumers were oldest. The
      replicability of the pattern suggests a specific order in the underlying process
      of change in values (historical and/or intraindividual).

PMID- 1212091
TI  - Measurement of sexual arousal in male homosexuals: effects of instructions and
      stimulus modality.
AB  - Erections were measured in 20 male homosexual subjects under three instructional
      conditions and within three stimulus modalities. The three conditions were
      arousal (e.g., imagine yourself involved and get aroused), suppression (e.g.,
      imagine yourself involved bu suppress erection responses), and rearousal (e.g.,
      imagine yourself involved and get aroused). The three stimulus modalities studied
      were video tapes, slides or pictures, and audio tapes of homosexual cues. The
      results show that video tape generates the highest level of arousal, audio tape
      the lowest level of arousal, and slides an intermediate level. Both video tape
      and slides show substantial voluntary suppression effects. During suppression,
      video tape continues to elicit relatively high levels of arousal in contrast to
      slides and audio tapes, which are equally low.

PMID- 1212093
TI  - A body image scale for evaluating transsexuals.
AB  - Body image has come to mean not only the way one perceives his body but also how
      one feels about these perceptions. It is an important part of one's total self
      concept. As such, it can present a significant problem for many individuals. For
      individuals with gender identity problems, such as transsexuals, body image
      dissatisfaction and distortion are a fundamental aspect of their condition. It is
      possible to more fully understand this condition by appreciating the distinction
      between the reality of the transsexual's body and his preferred body image. The
      Body Image (BI-I) scale presented here representa an effort to quantify the
      transsexual's body attitude. It consists of 30 body features which the subject is
      asked to rate on a 5-point scale of satisfaction. This test, as part of a larger
      seven-test battery, was administered to 16 male and 16 female transsexuals. The
      data have been analyzed for comparisons between males and females, for the
      effects of endocrinological and surgical treatment on body attitude, and for the
      common denominators which characterize the transsexual's body attitude. This
      instrument is being used as an additional tool in evaluating the transsexual's
      request for sex-reassignment surgery and in following those individuals who have
      been accepted for treatment as they progress through the evaluation and treatment
      program.

PMID- 1212092
TI  - Rehabilitation professionals and sexual counseling for spinal cord injured
      adults.
AB  - The Michigan Rehabilitation Association (M.R.A.) and the Program in Human
      Sexuality of the University of Minnesota collaborated to produce a 1-day seminar
      on sexual function in spinal cord injury. Evaluation of the participants and the
      seminar showed that the program was beneficial for most and harmful for few.
      Questionnaire responses indicated that few M.R.A. members are currently doing
      sexual counseling but many see an opportunity to do so. A relationship appeared
      between those who have received some form of training in sexual counseling and
      those who are doing counseling with clients. It is postulated that frank and
      sincere discussion of sexuality may improve rapport between client and counselor.
      However, before such an interaction can comfortably take place, the counselor may
      gain from an opportunity to examine his or her own attitudes toward human
      sexuality and gather more information about the sexuality of physically disabled
      adults.

PMID- 1212094
TI  - Sella turcica in male-to-female transsexuals.
AB  - Roentgenological examination of the skull in 11 male-to-female transsexuals
      revealed considerable asymmetry (2.5-3 mm) of the sellar floor in three cases.
      There was no asymmetry exceeding 1.5 mm in 103 male controls. Asymmetry of the
      sella turcica suggests the presence of an intrasellar pituitary tumor. This
      finding in three patients with transsexualism is of interest in view of reports
      of endocrine disorders or hormonal secretion abnormalities in patients with
      atypical sexuality or gender identity problems.

PMID- 1212095
TI  - Letter to the editor: Comments on "a neuroendocrine predisposition for
      homosexuality in men".

PMID- 1212097
TI  - Estimation of hemagglutination-inhibition titers.
AB  - In the hemagglutination-inhibition test, simple relationships exist between units
      of hemagglutinating virus and hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers.
      Equations have worked out which allow estimating antibody titers for different
      virus doses, provided all other parameters are kept constant. They are applicable
      when the isofixation lines in log-log plots as obtained in box titrations either
      are positioned at angles of 45degree or deviate from this value. Using lower or
      higher doses of hemagglutinin in the test, the coefficient of variation of the
      estimated antibody titers was found to be approximately 4 per cent. This
      procedure is useful in a number of virus-cell-serum systems and allows
      comparisons of antibody titers obtained in different laboratories.

PMID- 1212096
TI  - Morphology, biochemical analysis and neuraminidase activity of rubella virus.
AB  - A simple and reproducible method for the production of purified rubella virus is
      described. Purified virus was subjected to morphological and chemical analysis.
      The virus particles were rather pleomorphic (60 nm diameter), sometimes with one
      or more peripheral protrusions. The viral surface, revealed by negative staining,
      was composed of spikes 6 nm long, featuring enlarged ends. In SDS-urea
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 4 major and 4 minor polypeptide bands were
      revealed. Total lipids and phospholipids were analysed on the same preparation.
      The viral particles were composed of RNA: 0.030 mg, and lipids: 0.245 mg, of
      which 0.169 mg were phospholipids for each mg of viral protein. Biologically, the
      purified virus preparation showed high infectivity, a high hemagglutination titre
      and a weak neuraminidase activity under defined conditions.

PMID- 1212098
TI  - Structural polypeptides of California encephalitis virus: BFS-283.
AB  - The polypepetides of California encephalitis virus (BFS-283) were analyzed by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Four polypeptides were detected in
      virions grown in both BHK-21 and LLC-MK2 cell cultures with molecular weights of
      17,500. 30,000, 38,000, and 82,000 (VP-1, VP-2, VP-3, and VP-4, respectively).
      Viral proteins 2, 3, and 4 were glycoproteins and appeared to be associated with
      the envelope of the virus. Treatment of virions (rho=1.18 g/cm3) with then non
      ionic detergent, NP-40, allowed detection of a RNA-rich fraction (rho=1.26/cm3)
      with contained the smallest polypeptides (VP-1).

PMID- 1212099
TI  - A mouse hepatotropic variant of influenza virus.
AB  - A hepatotropic variant of avian influenza virus A/Turkey/England 63 (Hav 1, Nav
      3) was selected by serial passages in mouse liver. Adaptation to this organ was
      established after 13 in vivo passages and was found to improve during further
      passages as shown by increasing rates of replication in livers of ICR mice. The
      mutant virus finally selected was stable and differed from the original virus
      mainly in lethality upon intraperitoneal injection in mice, in its ability to
      grow to high titers in livers of susceptible animals and in plaque morphology in
      chick embryo fibroblasts. No differences were detected in hemagglutination
      inhibition and neutralization by standard mouse antisera. Pathogenicity for the
      liver was independent of the route of inoculation, included other laboratory
      animals sensitive to influenza virus and could be inhibited by amantadine. Fatal
      hepatitis in 50 per cent of susceptible mice by the intraperitoneal route
      required from 10 to 20 EID50-. Pathological changes consisted of severe necrosis
      of liver parenchyma accompanied by release of F antigen into the serum and were
      apparently due to virus replication in hepatic cells as evidenced by
      immunofluorescence. The main implications of this animal model for studies on
      experimental hepatitis and on myxovirus-host interactions in an organ not usually
      associated with influenza are discussed.

PMID- 1212101
TI  - Relation of virus particle counts to the hemagglutinating activity of influenza
      virus suspensions measured by the HA pattern test and by use of the photometric
      HCU method.
AB  - The ratios of the number of virus (n.v.p.) to the hemagglutinating activity were
      determined for a series of influenza A and B strains using both the photometric
      HCU method and the HA pattern test. The logarithms of the ratios of n.v.p./hcu
      ranged from 7.06 to 7.54 and the logarithms of the ratios of n.v.p./HA from 6.87
      to 7.56. While the n.v.p./HA ratios of different strains showed significant
      differences in a number of cases, such differences were not found for the
      n.v.p./HCU ratios with the only exception of the strain B/Hong Kong/8/73
      differing uniformly from the other strains tested. Since the standard deviation
      of HCU values ranged from 0.006 to 0.039 log units and that of HA titers from
      0.076 to 0.272 log units, it was concluded that the differences of n.v.p./HA
      ratios found were due to the range of variance of HA tests and did not reflect
      strain specific differences. The degree of purity of virus suspensions was found
      not to influence measurably the log n.v.p./HCU values.

PMID- 1212100
TI  - Abortive rabies in rabbits and white rats infected intracerebrally.
AB  - Non-fatal rabies was successfully reproduced in rabbits infected intracerebrally
      with a highly pathogenic strain of street virus isolated from a man who had died
      of hydrophobia abter a dog bite and in white rats infected intracerebrally with
      the CVS strain of fixed virus. All the animals were pretreated with a sublethal
      intraperitoneal dose of live rabies virus. The surviving animals showed residual
      neurological symptoms (except one rat) in the form of paresis (both mild and
      marked) and high titres of virus-neutralizing antibody in the brain comparable to
      the level of serum antibody. Successful reproduction of abortive rabies in
      rabbits infected intracerebrally with the classical strain of street virus
      suggests that different forms of rabies infection may probably exist in nature.

PMID- 1212103
TI  - [Analysis of the mitotic activity of the lymphoid cells of the thymus in relation
      to age].
AB  - The mitotic activity of lymphoid cells of the thymus was studied separately in
      the subcapsule zone of the cortical substance, cortical substance and medullary
      substance of newborn, 21-day, 3-, 4-month and 12-month-old mice. In addition to
      counting mitoses (MA%) histograms of the organ lobes were drawn with exact
      localization of mitoses of dividing cells. The greatest index of mitotically
      dividing cells was noted in the subcapsule zone of newborns and 21-day-old mice
      (5,2+/-0,9 and 4,7+/-0,5). After sex maturation the mitotic activity considerably
      decreased but in 3-, 4- and 12-month-old mice, the mitotic coefficient of
      lymphoid cells also retained rather high level (2,6+/-0,3 and 2,1+/-0,2) though
      processes of involution took place in their thymus.

PMID- 1212102
TI  - [Effect on hepatocytes of the nuclear fraction of a liver homogenate].
AB  - The work presents the results of investigating the DNA synthesis in hepatic cell
      nuclei of mice as well as changes in the ultrastructure of hepatocytes nuclei of
      the rat after injections of nucleic fraction of the liver homogenate. The
      obtained data clearly suggest that reparation of the amount of DNA in the nuclei
      of hepatocytes of mice after a decrease of its amount due to the action of
      nucleic fraction results in increasing the number of hepatocytes synthesizing
      DNA. The comparison of the obtained results with the evidence of cytophotometry
      has shown that increased DNA synthesis is observed at that very time when the
      amount of DNA in hepatocytes nuclei began to increase. The electron microscopic
      investigations have confirmed the supposition of partial destruction of DNA in
      hepatocytes nuclei under Effects of nucleic fraction of the liver homogenate. The
      electron microscopic study evidences that in hepatocytes nucleic DNA is found in
      two different forms corresponding to two forms of chromatin--diffuse and
      condensed. The latter is characterized by lability to nucleic factors and readily
      undergoes destruction under their effects.

PMID- 1212105
TI  - [Prolonged hypokinesia and its influence on the tissues and vessels of the
      extremities in experiments].
AB  - The work describes the results of complex investigation of the state of the
      supporting-motor apparatus of extremities of dogs subjected to six-month-long
      restriction of motor activity and the following reparation during a month.
      Intravital rentgenological, anatomical, histochemical and electron microscopic
      methods were used. It was shown that continuous hypokinesia resulted in
      substantial alterations of the vascular bed in the macro-micro-ultrastructural
      level, disturbance of metabolism, focal reconstruction of tissues of the
      extremities by the type of natural death of ultrastructural elements without a
      following reparation. A one-month term appeared to be insufficient for reparation
      of structural disorders. Special attention was given to reactions of the vascular
      system. Signs of blood transport via extracapillary pathways from the arterial
      bed into the venous bed were noted.

PMID- 1212106
TI  - [Structure and function of the microcirculatory bed in the preserved heart].
AB  - The morphological analysis of the state of the heart during hypertermal perfusion
      with different conservants reveals clear dependence of the microcirculation and
      the activity of the heart upon the type of the conservant. Perfusion with a salt
      solution and hemodilution is accompanied by pronounced disorders in
      microcirculation and unsatisfactory parameters of the cardiac activity.
      Conservation with cryoprecipitated plasma is characterized by comparatively less
      microcirculatory disorders, but fails to give a reliable safety of the heart.
      When using medium 199, changes in microcirculation were found to be minimal and
      parameters of cardiac activity were satisfactory. In the complex of non-specific
      changes in microcirculatory vessels the maximum structural lability was revealed
      in blood capillaries and vessels of the postcapillary-venular link.

PMID- 1212104
TI  - [Vascularization of tumors of the mammary glands].
AB  - The study of peculiarities of the blood supply of pre-tumour foci and cancer
      tumours of mammary glands of humans and mice of highly cancerous strains "A" and
      "C3H" by means of injectional, histological, histo- and enzymochemical and
      electron microscopical methods has shown that vascularization of corresponding
      zones alters with development of pre-cancerous growings in mammary glands. The
      most pronounced alterations are observed in the vessels of cancer tumours
      depending on the developmental stage, histological structure and differentiation
      degree. Changes in the character of "angioplastic" reaction, ultrastructural and
      histochemical reorganization of the vascular wall explain the peculiarities of
      microvascularization and metastazing of cancer.

PMID- 1212108
TI  - [Comparative microspectrophotometric study of the activity of oxidative enzymes
      in separate types of fibers of the skeletal muscle of rats in the normal state
      and in experimental ischemia].
AB  - Microspectrophotometrical investigation of the activity of oxidative enzymes
      (glutamatdehydrogenase, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial alpha-glycerol phosphate
      dehydrogenase, succinic acid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase)
      in certain types of muscular fibres of m. soleus, gastronemius and quadriceps of
      rats during experimental stenosins of the abdominal part of the aorta has shown
      the existence of certain cyclic changes in the enzymic activity of different
      periods after graded constriction which may be associated with arising of
      adaptational reactions of metabolic systems in striated muscles in response to
      chronic hypoxia.

PMID- 1212109
TI  - [Cellular composition of the deep cervical and apical axillary lymph nodes in
      mature and aged humans].
AB  - Quantitative investigation of the cellular composition of follicles, cortical
      plato and myelinated strands of the regional lymphatic nodes in man has shown the
      lymphocytes (small, medium-size and large) to be prevailing cellular elements in
      all structural components of the node. Among them there are many small
      lymphocytes. In myelinated strands there are more reticular, plasma, mast cells
      and macrophages than in the cortical plato of the lymphatic node. The follicles
      of the lymphatic nodes are more homogeneous structural components. They consist
      mainly of lymphocytes. The cellular composition of profound cervical and apical
      axillary lymphatic nodes is different in the quantitative contact of cellular
      elements. It also changes depending on age and symmetry.

PMID- 1212107
TI  - [Viability of the kidney following autovenoplasty of its artery].
AB  - A segment of one of the renal arteries of the dog was substituted for a piece of
      the femoral vein of the same dog. Along the site of vascular anastomoses the
      kidney was excluded from general blood circulation. The results of the vessel
      plastics were not always favourable. Inspite of the independence of anastomoses
      in the course of operation, the lumen of the substituted piece of the renal
      artery underwent deformity in a number of experiments, the circulation of the
      kidney was disturbed, the parenchyma of the organ was injured, a part of renal
      bodies and tubules were atrophied, intraorganic vessels, especially glomeruli
      were reconstructed. The alterations were of focal character. In general the
      structure of the kidney was preserved. In most experiments the substitution of
      the renal artery for the own vein did not cause any disorders. The wall of the
      transplanted vein was soon reconstructed--artealized, the renal parenchyma kept
      normal structure. The success of vascular plastics and the full value of blood
      circulation was controlled by removing the twin organ. Animals with one kidney
      lived practically unlimited time without obvious disorders, the content of
      nitrogen in the blood was normal, no alterations were found in intraorganic
      vessels and the renal parenchyma.

PMID- 1212110
TI  - [Dynamics of changes in human cells with chromosome and genetic mutations in
      prolonged cultivation in a stationary phase. Report 1. Study of cells in
      xeroderma pigmentosum].
AB  - Ontogenetic changes of normal diploid cells and cells with genetic mutations (LHC
      484 from a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum) have been studied under prolonged
      cultivation in a stationary phase. While investigating the dynamics of complex
      changes in certain cell properties and cell populations it was found that the
      cultivated human cells possess a particular pattern of ontogenetic changes for
      every culture and the dynamics of these changes depends upon the density of the
      cell population. Two cell subpopulations different in the degree of nucleus
      heterochromotinization have been discovered.

PMID- 1212111
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the stria vascularis of the auricular labyrinth of the
      rabbit].
AB  - In the composition of the stria vascularis of the rabbit cochlea there are three
      types of cells: edging, medial and basal cells. The structure of these cells,
      their disposition and interrelationships within the stria vascularis are
      described. The nodes of the basal membrane whose ramification covers long
      mitichondria concentrating at the basement of edging cells are found in the
      structure of capillaries of the cochlea stria vascularis. It may be supposed that
      this powerful mitochondrial apparatus refers to the capillary system of the stria
      vascularis and represents a hypertrophic mitochondrial apparatus of pericytes.
      The capillaries of the stria vascularis are distributed mainly in longitudinal
      direction while the capillaries disposed transversely which are likely to be
      anastomoses were also found.

PMID- 1212112
TI  - [Another possible point of view on the structure of the interkinetic nucleus].

PMID- 1212113
TI  - Potentiation by cocaine of relaxations of the guinea-pig colon caused by
      noradrenaline and by stimulation of adrenergic nerves.
AB  - The distal colon of the guinea-pig is relaxed by noradrenaline, by isoprenaline
      and by the stimulation of fibres running with the colonic nerves or intramurally.
      The relaxations in response to stimulation of the colonic nerves have a
      guanethidine-sensitive (adrenergic) and a guanethidine-insensitive (non
      adrenergic) component. Cocaine causes a three-fold sensitization of the muscle to
      noradrenaline but no sensitization to isoprenaline. Cocaine increases the
      duration, but does not affect the amplitude, of the relaxation observed when
      adrenergic nerves are stimulated, and affects neither duration nor amplitude of
      the non-adrenergic response. The adrenergic nerve terminals lie in Auerbach's
      plexus, not in the longitudinal muscle. It is concluded that the sensitization to
      noradrenaline and the increases in durations of responses to adrenergic nerve
      stimulation are due to inhibition of catecholamine uptake into adrenergic nerves
      by cocaine. It appears that, even where the neuromuscular separation is large as
      it is in the colon, the concentration of exogenous noradrenaline at the receptors
      can be decreased by neuronal uptake, and the uptake mechanism can modify
      responses to nerve stimulation in vitro.

PMID- 1212114
TI  - Robin Hood is alive and well in Australia.

PMID- 1212115
TI  - Nonoperative management of post thoracotomy diaphragmatic paralysis in two
      neonates.

PMID- 1212116
TI  - Letter: Management of children with cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 1212117
TI  - Letter: Reduction in the incidence of rheumatic fever.

PMID- 1212118
TI  - Acute septic arthritis in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 1212119
TI  - Plasma potassium, sodium and chloride levels during and after exchange
      transfusion.

PMID- 1212120
TI  - A simple device for continuous low pressure suction.

PMID- 1212122
TI  - A case of sporotrichosis in Western Australia.

PMID- 1212121
TI  - Topical mustine hydrochloride and psoriasis: a follow-up study.

PMID- 1212124
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma developing in the Jadassohn phenomenon: a case report.

PMID- 1212125
TI  - A review of tropical skin diseases seen in Western Australia, 1966-1973.

PMID- 1212127
TI  - The use of V.H.F. radiowaves in cancer therapy.

PMID- 1212126
TI  - Medical oncology and its relationship to radiotherapy.

PMID- 1212128
TI  - Clivus chordoma with unusual bone sclerosis and brainstem invasion. A case report
      with review of the radiology of cranial chordomas.

PMID- 1212129
TI  - Long term retention of 169Ytterbium DTPA in brain tissue.

PMID- 1212130
TI  - The anatomy and radiology of the cervical vertebrae and the tortuous vertebral
      artery.

PMID- 1212131
TI  - Diagnosis of venous extension in renal cell carcinoma. The value of routine
      inferior venacavography.

PMID- 1212132
TI  - Selective adrenal venography in the investigation of primary aldosteronism.

PMID- 1212134
TI  - Angiographic evidence of brain death.

PMID- 1212133
TI  - Experience with total body opacification.

PMID- 1212135
TI  - Letter: Percutaneous carotid arteriography resurrected.

PMID- 1212136
TI  - Transfer functions for arterial oxygen saturation during +Gz stress.
AB  - Discrete, finite, Fourier transforms of input +Gz stress and output arterial
      oxygen saturation (Sao2) were used to obtain transfer functions between G and
      Sao2 in 12 subjects. Ensemble averaging of transfer functions based on responses
      to variable G stress provided reasonable capability for predicting Sao2 responses
      to sustained 6-G stress. Prediction of responses to variable G stress from
      transfer functions based on responses to sustained G stress was unsuccessful,
      however. A synthetic transfer function with physiologic explicability and
      substantial predictive ability was obtained from an impulse response fabricated
      from simple mathematical functions.

PMID- 1212137
TI  - Orthostatic responses in Caucasians and Bantu.
AB  - Nine Caucasian and 13 Bantu young men, all untrained and unacclimated to heat,
      were tilted head-up for 20 min before and after 4 h of exercise performed at a
      load of 35 W at room temperature of 23 degrees C and in heat (33.9 degrees C DB,
      32.2 degrees C WB). In heat, all Bantu but only four Caucasians completed the 4 h
      of exposure. The change in systolic blood pressure from recumbency to orthostasis
      was negligible in the Bantu and adverse in the Caucasians, during pre-exercise
      tilting at 23 degrees C. Similar differences were found during tilting after
      exercise at 23 degrees C. Post-exercise orthostatic heart rate did not differ
      between the two groups despite higher exercise heart rats of the Bantu. Seven
      subjects in each group fainted during heart-orthostatism, and the difference in
      systolic blood pressure between recumbency and orthostasis in heat was
      substantially more adverse in the Caucasians. High relationships were found
      between exercise heart rate, orthostatic heart rate, and fainting episodes. The
      results suggested that Bantu make better orthostatic adjestments than Caucasians.

PMID- 1212138
TI  - Motion sickness questionnaire and field independence scores as predictors of
      success in naval aviation training.
AB  - The present report has shown that a motion sickness questionnaire can be used to
      predict susceptibility to motion sickness or flight training success, depending
      on the items scored. There is a discussion of the theory that motion sickness
      results from conflicting perceptual inputs. This theory is related to aircraft
      operating conditions. Scores on a personality test which appear to be related to
      similar perceptual phenomena are related to aviation success. One phenotype,
      field independence, seems to be promising in this regard. In addition to use of
      this finding in aviator selection, it is felt that studies of this trait, as it
      relates to an ability to reconcile conflict and to motion sickness
      insusceptibility, should be conducted.

PMID- 1212139
TI  - Effect of isolated head heating and cooling on sweating in man.
AB  - A double climate chamber which permitted the independent regulation of
      temperature in each chamber was used to produce isolated head heating and cooling
      in three subjects. Deep body temperature was recorded from the tympanic membrane,
      oral cavity, esophagus, and rectum. Skin temperature was measured on nine body
      regions and a weighted mean skin temperature was calculated. Sweating rate was
      measured by resistance hygrometry from six regions. When head skin temperature
      was increased, deep body temperature measured at the tympanic membrane and oral
      cavity increased more than esophageal temperature, while rectal temperature
      remained essentially unchanged. Sweating rate increased when head skin
      temperature increased and again, somewhat later, as the tympanic membrane and
      oral temperatures began to rise. When head skin temperature was decreased,
      tympanic membrane and oral temperatures decreased and sweating again followed the
      changes in skin temperature as well as the changes in tympanic membrane and oral
      temperatures. Since it has been shown that head skin temperature is particularly
      important in determining thermal comfort and sweating rate when compared to other
      body regions, it is suggested that this particular sensitivity is in part due to
      a thermal counter-current exchange between venous blood draining the head and
      arterial blood ascending to intracranial thermoreceptors. Such an exchange would
      correspond to similar mechanisms present in other species.

PMID- 1212140
TI  - Renal effects of continuous negative pressure breathing.
AB  - Continuous negative pressure breathing (CNPB) was utilized to simulate the
      thoracic vascular distension of zero G or Space, in 11 anesthetized rats. The
      animals underwent renal clearance and micropuncture renal nephron studies before,
      during, and after CNPB. Four rats were pretreated with a high salt diet and I-M
      desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) in excess. None of these rats diuresed with CNPB. In
      contrast, five of the seven remaining rats increased the fraction of the filtered
      sodium excreted (CNa/GFR, p less than 0.05) and their urinary flow rate (V, p
      less than 0.05). Potassium excretion increased (UK V, p less than 0.05). End
      proximal tubular fluid specimen's TF/P inulin ratios were unchanged. Whole kidney
      and single nephron glomerular filtration rates fell 10%. CNPB, a mechanism for
      atrial distension, appears to cause in the rat a decrease in distal tubular
      sodium and water reabsorption. Exogenous mineral-corticoid prevents the diuresis,
      saluresis, and kaluresis. In a separate group of five rats, the CNPB was
      prolonged or excessive (CNPB greater than 3.5 cm H2O negative pressure); in
      these, the diuresis ceased and/or antidiuresis occurred. This confirmed the
      adequacy of other nonatrial volume control mechanisms in regulating renal salt
      and water conservation in opposition to the studied atrial-renal (Henry-Gauer)
      reflex of thoracic vascular distension. It encourages us to suggest that the
      atrial distension reflex diuresis that occurs with shifts of blood to the thorax
      in assuming a weightless condition, if comparable to the thoracic vascular
      distension of this model, will not progressively impair the circulation or the
      mammal but will be minor and short-lived.

PMID- 1212141
TI  - Effects of mechanical vibration on rat plasma calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and
      xanthine oxidase.
AB  - Sprague-Dawley rats were vibrated for 4 min in one of 12 combinations of G levels
      (+/-2, +/-4, or +/-8 GX) and frequency ranges (12-61, 62-111, 112-161, or 162-211
      HZ). The animals were restrained and conscious during vibration. Plasma calcium,
      magnesium and inorganic phosphate concentrations as well as xanthine oxidase
      activities were determined for each animal at various times before and after
      vibration. Vibration at specific G levels induced physiological changes in plasma
      calcium, magnesium, and xanthine oxidase levels. Plasma inorganic phosphate
      concentrations appeared to increase with an increase in the displacement of
      vibration. All of the effects observed occurred within 24 h of vibration
      treatment. An effect of the frequency of vibration was not observed with any of
      the parameters examined. Factors involved in performing the experiments also were
      able to induce certain physiological changes, viz., the level of plasma calcium
      and xanthine oxidase activity.

PMID- 1212142
TI  - Head-coupled display visual design considerations.

PMID- 1212144
TI  - Anthropometric sizing program for oral-nasal oxygen masks based on 1967 U.S. Air
      Force survey data.
AB  - A new sizing program for oral-nasal masks, based on total facial length, has been
      developed through an analysis of the 1967 USAF anthropometric survey head and
      face data. A four-size series of three-dimensional face forms has been sculpted
      based on this sizing program as a design aid for sizing such masks. This report
      includes a discussion of the theoretical and practical aspects of the sizing
      analyses and procedures, and establishes design limits and procurement tariffs
      for the four sizes of masks. The MBU-12/P oxygen mask, an aoral-nasal pressure
      demand type of mask, has been fabricated in accordance with this sizing system
      using the face forms as sizing guides. The results obtained during fit-tests
      using 66 USAF personnel as subjects are described. The authors concluded that the
      dimensional sizing of the oral-nasal oxygen mask facepieces is valid for USAF
      flight crews.

PMID- 1212143
TI  - Heart biochemical responses in miniature swine subjected to +Gz acceleration.
AB  - Myocardial biochemical systems which are sensitive to hypoxic and ischemic insult
      were studied to determine the possible etiology of ventricular endocardial
      hemorrhage in miniature swine following +GZ stress. Unanesthetized animals were
      subjected to a single, 120-s +9 GZ acceleration. Approximately 1-2 h following
      +GZ exposure, the animals were anesthetized and the hearts removed for analyses.
      Acceleration exposure resulted in the loss of acid phosphatase enzyme activity
      from the membrane-bound lysosomal fraction with concomitant increased activity in
      the soluble fraction. This suggests that lysosomal membrane integrity had been
      disrupted. Mitochondrial preparations from +GZ-stressed hearts exhibited marked
      increases in active respiratory rate and rate of calcium transport while
      oxidative phosphorylation efficiency was unchanged. The results clearly indicate
      that +GZ acceleration is capable of altering myocardial biochemical systems.
      However, the results tend to suggest that these alterations in cellular processes
      may be mediated by influences other than hypoxia or ischemia.

PMID- 1212145
TI  - Laboratory assessment of the AN/PVS-5 night vision goggle.
AB  - Laboratory assessment of the AN/PVS-5 Night Vision Goggle was conducted. Visual
      fields, goggle infrared source, useable range, and detectability of targets with
      the goggle were measured. Illumination levels of -8.37 and -9.17 log lm/cm2 were
      adequate for 90% detection of 0.14 and 0.07 acuity targets, respectively.
      Calculations of distances at which various surface and airborne targets subtended
      comparable visual angles and tables of natural brightness conditions are
      presented to permit translation of laboratory values into field conditions. While
      further field evaluation is anticipated, the laboratory assessment indicates that
      the goggle can significantly facilitate aircrew night visual performance.

PMID- 1212146
TI  - Cardiac injuries in aircraft occupants resulting from aircraft accidents.
AB  - The author reports that relatively frequent injuries to the thorax and to the
      heart are established in autopsies of aircraft fatalities. A review of 128
      autopsy protocols of aircraft accident fatalities revealed 111 cases of severe
      contact injuries to the thorax and 98 cases of traumatic injuries to the
      pericardium and the heart. Accepting the fact that persons injured if traffic
      accidents display cardiac injuries in 25% of the cases, the number of traumatic
      heart lesions inflicted in persons in aircarft accidents is three times as high,
      a fact which may be attributed to the far higher speeds of the aircraft at the
      moment of impact with resultant forces of deceleration. Causes and mechanisms of
      the development of cardiac lesions as well as necessary recommendations for the
      improvement of the health protection of aircraft occupants are discussed.

PMID- 1212147
TI  - Evaluation of possible microwave-induced lens changes in the United States Air
      Force.
AB  - An Air Force examination team performed ophthalmologic examinations on 817
      subjects in a double blind fashion. The subjects included 477 workers in the
      microwave radiation field and 340 control subjects with no known history of
      occupational exposure to microwave radiation. The intent of the study was to
      determine if a significant difference existed between the two groups for the
      presence of three lenticular findings equated with early cataract formation. No
      significant difference was found. Thus, this study does not support the
      contention that microwave exposure in the military environment is causing human
      cataracts at levels permitted by U.S. Safety Standards.

PMID- 1212148
TI  - Testitis (excessive anxiety about flying checks).
AB  - Excessive anxiety about flying checks--"testitis" or "checkitis"--is a relatively
      common cause of loss of licence by aircrew. This paper describes the syndromes
      seen in testitis and treatment which has resulted in alleviation of symptoms in
      nine out of 30 cases.

PMID- 1212149
TI  - Heart rate monitoring of pilots during steep-gradient approaches.
AB  - As part of a large scale investigation into noise abatement landing approaches,
      one trial involved the flight evaluation of steep-gradient and two-segment
      approaches; these were 3 degress, 6 degrees, 7.5 degrees, and 9 degrees single
      segment, and 7.5 degrees/3 degrees two-segment approaches. To augment the
      subjective opinions of the test pilots, their heart rates were monitored during
      all the experimental runs. The resulting heart rate values for the different
      approaches correlated reasonably well with the subjective ratings of the relative
      workload levels. There is some evidence that the pilot workload level for the 7.5
      degrees/3 degrees approaches is of the same order as the level for the
      conventional 3 degrees gradient.

PMID- 1212150
TI  - Electromagnetic field effects in nerve tissue.
AB  - In the present work, an attempt has been made to produce structural alterations
      in tissue from the nervous system of bullfrogs by means of a high-intensity
      electric field. The electric field used to expose the tissue was compased of a
      train of high-intensity, short-duration pulses. Theses pulses provide a high
      electric-field intensity in the tissue, yet a low enough absorbed-energy density
      to cause negligible thermal heating. Exposed and control tissue prepared for
      light microscope investigation was stained with thionin and hematoxylin and eosin
      stains. No gross histological alterations of the large motor neurons of the
      exposed tissue were found when compared with the control tissue.

PMID- 1212153
TI  - Behavioral measurement of the post-stimulation excitability of neurons mediating
      self-stimulation by varying the voltage of paired pulses.

PMID- 1212152
TI  - Readiness to display in the paradise fish Macropodus opercularis, L.,
      Belontiidae: the problem of general and specific effects of social isolation.

PMID- 1212155
TI  - The effects of reinforcement delay and hippocampal lesions on the acquisition of
      a choice response.

PMID- 1212154
TI  - Excitory and inhibitory effects of stimulation applied during the postejaculatory
      interval of the male rat.

PMID- 1212156
TI  - Distractibility and reactivity under different response conditions following
      hippocampal lesions in rats.

PMID- 1212157
TI  - Correlation of hippocampal theta activity and movement during slow-wave sleep in
      cats.

PMID- 1212158
TI  - Effects of bobwhite calls and repeated testing on tonic, defensive, immobility of
      bobwhite quail.

PMID- 1212159
TI  - An investigation of behavioral characteristics of rats developed from "senile"
      ova.

PMID- 1212151
TI  - Encystment and germination in Azotobacter vinelandii.

PMID- 1212160
TI  - Responses of male golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) to clean and male
      scented areas.

PMID- 1212161
TI  - A primacy effect for olfactory imprinting in spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus.

PMID- 1212162
TI  - Histological Studies in Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - 200 cases of Hodgkin's disease were found in a revision of the lymph node
      biopsies studied between 1940 and 1973 at the Institute of Pathology of the
      Buenos Aires Medical School. Using Rye's nomenclature, 37 (18%) were classified
      as lymphocytic predominance, 60 (30%) as nodular sclerosis, 81 (41%) as mixed
      cellularity and 22 (11%) as lymphocyte depletion type of Hodgkin's disease.
      Preservation of various lymph node structures was observed in 54% of the 200
      cases and was more common in the less aggressive varieties of Hodgkin's disease
      such as lymphocyte predominance and nodular sclerosis. The differences were
      statistically significant (P less than 001) for the preservation of the medullary
      sinus and capsule of the lymph node. The presence of sarcoid-like granulomas was
      more frequent in the lymphocyte predominance type and foam cell areas with Touton
      giant cells were seen only in cases of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease. Vein
      invasion was present only in mixed cellularity and lymphocyte depletion hodgkin's
      disease.

PMID- 1212163
TI  - Hormonal activity of testes in aged rats with leydig cell hyperplasia:
      histochemical investigation of some hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases.
AB  - The following enzymes were employed in order to investigate the hormonal activity
      of the testes in aged rats: 3-beta hydroxysteroid-DH, 11-beta-hydroxysteroid-DH,
      and 17-beta-hydroxysteroid-DH. Our investigations show that in the non-altered
      testis of the aged rat the same enzyme activities can be observed as in young and
      sexually mature animals. A proliferation of the Leydig cells (L.c.), occurring in
      the aging rat, brings about an increased activity of the above-mentioned steroid
      DHs. An augmented production of testosterone is quite probable.

PMID- 1212164
TI  - Detection of aerosols in the respiratory tract.
AB  - A fluorescence method for the detection of inhaled aerosols in the respiratory
      tract has been described. The most suitable fluorescence indicator for the
      histological examination was ethidium bromide.

PMID- 1212165
TI  - Spherical aggregates of coxsackie B4 virus particles in mouse pancreas.
AB  - A high titer culture of Coxsackie B4 virus was used to induce pancreatitis in
      newborn mice. In animals sacrificed 1 or 2 days after intraperitoneal
      inoculation, we observed cytonecrosis consistent with picornaviral infection as
      well as necrosis indicative of pancreatitis. In addition, we observed aggregates
      of particles which seem to be Coxsackie B4 virus particles, some arranged in the
      typical picornaviral crystalloid lattice formation and others arranged into
      spherical masses approximately 102 nm in diameter. Depending upon the depth and
      orientation of section through the spherical aggregates, the particles were
      arranged into two patterns which were readily distinguishable. When the plane of
      section was through the center of the sphere, 10 particles circularly arranged
      around a dense particle core were observed. When the sphere was cut tangentially,
      the particles were arranged in a zig-zag pattern so that there were two
      concentric layers of at least 6 particles per layer, with no central core. Both
      crystalloid and spherical aggregates were observed free within acinocyte
      cytoplasm, and within autophagic vacuoles, cytosegresomes, and fine granular
      bodies of acinocytes, and within phagocytic vacuoles of macrophages. We conclude
      that the spherical aggregates represent a distinct crystalloid form of Coxsackie
      B4 virus during its replicative cycle, which may eventually develop into the more
      typical picornaviral crystalloid lattice configuration and that the spherical
      aggregates are located in foci of viral synthesis. Marked pathogenicity of
      Coxsackie B4 virus in the newborn mouse pancreas should be considered a factor in
      the observations noted.

PMID- 1212166
TI  - Clear cell acanthoma: a widely unknown tumor-like dermal lesion.

PMID- 1212167
TI  - [Pathology in the U.S.A. A glut of pathologists, the role of the autopsy and the
      future of the "clinical pathology"].
AB  - This analysis deals with selected questions regarding the status of pathology in
      the United States. For a long time, the number of pathologists, both in practice
      and in training, had been deemed inadequate, but present trends indicate the
      existence of a considerable surplus of specialists in this discipline. The
      autopsy is still an important field of endeavor for the American pathologist even
      tbhough autopsy rates have drastically declined everywhere and the exact role of
      this procedure is being reevaluated. The concept of "clinical pathology" which
      seeks to encompass a whole conglomerate of heterogeneous disciplines and still
      dominates the practice of pathology in North America has come under attack; some
      observers plead for the total separation of laboratory medicine from pathology as
      well as for the systematic and intensive development of subspecialties within the
      field of pathology.

PMID- 1212168
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of tension optics as examination method of age
      specific bone strain].

PMID- 1212169
TI  - [Changes with age of the firmness mechanical properties of the human bone
      tissue].

PMID- 1212171
TI  - [Studies on the postnatal differentiation of skeletal muscle fibers].

PMID- 1212170
TI  - [Biochemical changes of enzymes and metabolites in the human articular cartilage
      of various age groups].

PMID- 1212172
TI  - [Relationship between the structure and function in the movement of man].

PMID- 1212173
TI  - [Effect of fatty acids on the functional properties of skeletal muscles].

PMID- 1212175
TI  - [Osteoarthrosis and the old age].

PMID- 1212174
TI  - [Electron microscopic findings on chondropathy of the patella and its importance
      in arthrosis--discussion concerning various age groups].

PMID- 1212176
TI  - [Relationship between locomotion apparatus, aging and body weight].

PMID- 1212177
TI  - [Degenerative joint changes in obese patients with regard to age].

PMID- 1212178
TI  - [Pathogenesis of arthrosis under the scanning electron microscopy].

PMID- 1212179
TI  - [New findings on the etiopathogenesis of the old-age osteoporosis].

PMID- 1212180
TI  - [Aseptic femur head necrosis in adults].

PMID- 1212181
TI  - [The non-traumatic femur head necrosis--report on experiences with surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 1212182
TI  - [Our experiences with the intertrochanteric femur osteotomy in Perthes' disese].

PMID- 1212183
TI  - [Evaluation of the treatment results in Perthes' disease].

PMID- 1212184
TI  - [The surgical therapy of coxarthrosis].

PMID- 1212185
TI  - [The normal Tc-99 m. PyP. pelvis scintigram].

PMID- 1212186
TI  - [Congenital hip dysplasia and strabismus].

PMID- 1212188
TI  - [Trochanteric medullary nailing in trochanteric fractures with self-bent
      commercial profile nails].

PMID- 1212187
TI  - [The treatment of subtrochanteric femur fractures in multimorbid geriatric
      patients].

PMID- 1212189
TI  - [Vitiliginous depigmentation, liver and splenic lesions and struma due to
      occupational contact with paratertiary butylphenol--a new systemic occupational
      disease].
AB  - In workers occupied with the production of paratertiary butylphenol, a
      hepatosplenopathy and a goiter with disorder of the synthesis of thyroid hormone
      have been observed for the first time besides the well-known vitiliginous
      depigmentation. It is supposed that paratertiary butylphenol has a systemic
      effect and causes lesions of various organic systems.

PMID- 1212190
TI  - [Fatal skin epithelioma in a stomatologist professionally exposed to x-rays].
AB  - An epithelioma of the volar face of the right index caused the death of a
      stomatologist whose skin had been exposed to X-rays for many decades when keeping
      dental films in place. The casuistics of the clinical picture are dealt with, and
      arguments are given for its recognition as an occupational disease. The evaluated
      X-rays dose (the accumulated dose was approx. 2,100 rem, i.e. relatively low) and
      modern knowledge on radio-medicine are commented with regard to dose-effect
      relationship.

PMID- 1212191
TI  - [Deep-frozen sperm insemination in the horse: a study under practice stud
      conditions].

PMID- 1212192
TI  - [Glomerulonephritis in the dog. 3rd communication. Differential diagnosis --
      histometric studies -- pathogenesis].

PMID- 1212193
TI  - [The use of felidovac in susceptible and infected cats in an animal home].

PMID- 1212194
TI  - 2,3-Oxidosqualene cyclase and cycloartenol-s-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase
      activities in vivo in the cotyledon and axis tissues of germinating pea seeds.
AB  - Axis tissues, root and shoot, of germinating pea seedlings actively synthesize
      sterol from [2-14C]mevalonate during the first 3 days of germination. In addition
      to the intermediates of sterol synthesis, cycloartenol and 24
      methylenecycloartanol, these tissues also form the triterpene beta-amyrin. The
      cyclase catalysing the formation of cycloartenol from oxidosqualene is about four
      times as active as that for beta-amyrin synthesis. 2. Sterol synthesis in the
      cotyledon is negligible, but cycloartenol and 24-methylenecycloartanol, as well
      as beta-amyrin, are synthesized there. Oxidosqualene cyclase activity in this
      tissue is 2.6 times as active for beta-amyrin synthesis as for cycloartenol
      synthesis. 3. Comparison of the relative amounts of 14C in cycloartenol and 24
      methylenecycloartanol in the axis tissues and cotyledons of 3-day-old seedlings
      point to relatively active cycloartenol-S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase
      systems in both axis tissues and a poorly active system in the cotyledon. 4. The
      role of beta-amyrin synthesis in the germinating pea seedling is discussed.

PMID- 1212196
TI  - Differential subnuclear distribution of polyadenylate-rich ribonuclei acid during
      induction of egg-yolk protein synthesis in male Xenopus liver by oestradiol-17
      beta.
AB  - A 4-8-fold increase in the rate of hepatic nuclear RNA synthesis occurred within
      11 h after a single injection of oestradiol-17 beta to male Xenopus to induce egg
      yolk protein synthesis. 2. By using a gentle procedure for fractionating nuclei
      into their major structurally different components [J. R. Tata& B. Baker (1974)
      Exp. Cell Res. 83. 111-124], it was found that the hormone-induced increase in
      the total amount of newly made RNA was associated with a 2-10-fold increase in
      the poly(A) content of nuclear RNA. 3. When the poly (A) content of nuclear RNA
      was determined by hybridization to poly[3H](U) or specific binding to oligo(dT)
      cellulose, most of the increase (10-fold) in poly (A) content of newly
      synthesized RNA was associated with the euchromatin fractions, whereas the
      increase was less marked in the other subnuclear fractions. 4. Resolution of
      nuclear RNA into poly (A)-poor and poly(A)-rich RNA species by chromatography on
      oligo(dT)-cellulose, followed by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis with sodium
      dodecyl sulphate or in the pressence of 99% formamide, revealed that the hormone
      caused a preferential enhancement of high-molecular-weight (25S-60S) poly (A)
      rich HnRNA (heterogeneous nuclear RNA,) much of which was associated with
      euchromatin and not with the nuclear sap. 5. Induction of vitellogenin in male
      frogs was in particular characterized by the appearance of a high-molecular
      weight polyadenylated component exhibiting a peak at 35-36S, i.e. a molecular
      weight of approx. 2.05x10(6)+/-0.15x10(6). Although there is no evidence as yet
      that such a polyadenylated high-molecular-weight nuclear RNA species contains
      sequences corresponding to vitellogenin mRNA, it is possible that a high
      proportion of the most stable form of the putative nuclear precursor to
      vitellogenin mRNA induced by oestrogen in male Xenopus liver may be only
      marginally bigger than the cytoplasmic mRNA, and may at any one time be
      predominantly associated with the euchromatin fraction.

PMID- 1212195
TI  - The effect of ethionine on ribonucleic acid synthesis in rat liver.
AB  - 1. By 1h after administration of ethionine to the female rat the appearance of
      newly synthesized 18SrRNA in the cytoplasm is completely inhibited. This is not
      caused by inhibition of RNA synthesis, for the synthesis of the large ribosomal
      precursor RNA (45S) and of tRNA continues. Cleavage of 45S RNA to 32S RNA also
      occurs, but there was no evidence for the accumulation of mature or immature rRNA
      in the nucleus. 2. The effect of ethionine on the maturation of rRNA was not
      mimicked by an inhibitor of protein synthesis (cycloheximide) or an inhibitor of
      polyamine synthesis [methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone)]. 3. Unlike the ethionine
      induced inhibition of protein synthesis, this effect was not prevented by
      concurrent administration of inosine. A similar effect could be induced in HeLa
      cells by incubation for 1h in a medium lacking methionine. The ATP concentration
      in these cells was normal. From these two observations it was concluded that the
      effect of etionine on rRNA maturation is not caused by an ethionine-induced lack
      of ATP. It is suggested that ethionine, by lowering the hepatic concentration of
      S-adenosylmethionine, prevents methylation of the ribosomal precursor. The
      methylation is essential for the correct maturation of the molecule; without
      methylation complete degradation occurs.

PMID- 1212197
TI  - Amino acid biosynthesis in mixed rumen cultures.
AB  - Mixed rumen micro-organisms, maintained in continuous culture readily
      incorporated labelled HCO3- and acetate into amino acids. Labelled propionate, in
      contrast, was utilized only for isoleucine biosynthesis, but failed to label
      other amino acids to any significant extent. Evidence was obtained showing that
      in these mixed, i.e. symbiotic, cultures foward tricarboxylic acid-cycle
      reactions only proceed to 2-oxoglutarate. 14C distribution in amino acids clearly
      shows that 2-oxoglutarate is not oxidized further by tricarboxylic acid-cycle
      enzymes. Instead, acetate is carboxylated to pyruvate which is then carboxylated
      to oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate equilibrates with fumarate and thereby carbon atoms
      1 and 4 as well as carbon atoms 2 and 3 are randomized. Evidence was also
      obtained for the carboxylation of propionate to 2-oxobutyrate, isovalerate to 4
      methyl-2-oxopentanoate, phenylacetate and hydroxyphentlacetate to the
      corresponding phenyl- and hydroxyphenyl-pyruvic acids and succinate to 2
      oxoglutarate. Of the amino acid precursors investigated, only 3-hydroxypyruvate,
      the precursor of serine, appeared to be synthesized via an oxidative step, i.e. 3
      phosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvic acid. Most 2-oxo precursors of
      amino acids in these organisms appear to be formed via reductive carboxylation of
      the precursor acid.

PMID- 1212198
TI  - Stimulation of hepatic mitochondrial calcium transport by elevated plasma insulin
      concentrations.
AB  - The effect of insulin (injected intraperitoneally) on the transport of Ca2+ by
      hepatic mitochondria from rats was investigated. 2. Elevated concentrations of
      plasma insulin within the physiological range (10-100muunits/ml) stimulate the
      initial rate of Ca2+ transport into mitochondria at 4 degrees C by about 75% and
      prolong by approx. tenfold the time for which the mitochondria retain the
      accumulated Ca2+. 3. The prolonged retention of Ca2+ is observed under the
      conditions where hypoglycaemia is significantly decreased by the simultaneous
      injection of glucose and insulin. 4. A good correlation is observed between the
      effects on Ca2+ transport and the decrease in blood glucose concentration when
      the amount of insulin injected was varied. 5. The effects of insulin on
      mitochondrial Ca2+ transport are apparent at about 30 min after the injection,
      and are inhibited by cycloheximide. 6. There is little change in mitochondrial
      energy transduction after the administration of insulin. 7. The results are
      briefly discussed in relation to the mechanisms of Ca2+ transport across the
      inner mitochondrial membrane and the role of mitochondria in modifying
      intracellular Ca2+ concentrations with reference to the mechanism(s) by which
      insulin affects cellular metabolism.

PMID- 1212200
TI  - Pectin synthesis during the wall regeneration of plasmolysed tobacco leaf cells.
AB  - 1. Discs of tobacco leaf lamina were floated on media containing D-[U
      14C]glucose. Glucose uptake was mainly through the cut edges, and diffusion
      through the veins and intracellular spaces was slow. 2. Radioactivity was
      detected in all polysaccharide fractions extracted from the discs, including
      those associated with the wall. 3. Plasmolysis in sorbitol or KCL decreased the
      incorporation of radioactive material into all fractions. 4. Incorporation of
      arabinose into pectins was increased or unaffected by plasmolysis, but the
      incorporations of other sugars were decreased. Removal of the lower epidermis did
      not affect this result. 5. Seperate mechanisms for arabinan and
      polygalacturonorhamman syntheses must exist, and these must differ in their
      responses to the physiochemical, structural and organizational changes that
      accompany plasmolysis.

PMID- 1212199
TI  - Stimulation of protein synthesis in cultured heart muscle cells by glucose.
AB  - Glucose stimulated the rate of incorporation of [3H]leucine into HCLO4-insoluble
      fraction of cultured rat heart muscle cells under both aerobic and anaerobic
      conditions. In the aerobic system the incorporation proceeded at a constant rate
      during 3h of incubation with and without glucose whereas in the anaeorbic system
      the incorporation ceased after approx. 60 min and could be renewed only by the
      addition of glucose. No correlation was found to exist between the above effect
      of glucose on protein synthesis and glucose-dependent changes in the
      intracellular ATP concentration. The extent of the stimulation of protein
      synthesis was related to the concentration of glucose. The effect of glucose was
      suppressed by cycloheximide but was not affected by actinomycin D. Glucose had no
      effect on the rate of transport of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid. Mannose also
      stimulated [3H]leucine incorporation. Substances that did not produce lactate
      were ineffective. Iodoacetate inhibited the stimulatory effect of glucose, but
      pyruvate, which by itself had no apprecialbe stimulatory action, relieved the
      inhibition induced by iodoacetate. There was no concomitant change in the
      concentration of ATP when iodoacetate inhibition was reversed by pyruvate. L
      Lactate or other intermediates of energy metabolism could not relieve the
      inhibitory effect of iodoacetate.

PMID- 1212202
TI  - Synthesis of proline and hydroxyproline in human lung (WI-38) fibroblasts.
AB  - Human lung fibroblasts (WI-38) in late exponential phase of growth, in stationary
      phase after confluency was reached, and at high or low number of population
      doublings were used to investigate the synthesis of proline and hydroxyproline
      from glutamate or arginine. Glutamate was from two to five times as effective a
      precursor as arginine; glutamine did not seem to be involved in these metabolic
      pathways. Accumulation of protein-bound hydroxyproline in cell layers was
      observed only after confluency. Confluent cells synthesized more proline from
      glutamate than did cells in late exponential growth. Conversion of glutamate into
      intracellular free proline was conducted also to a greater extent in confluent
      cells at a high number of population doublings. Conversion of glutamate into
      proline or hydroxyproline in cell-layer protein was not affected significantly by
      the number of population doublings. Less total protein as well as less
      hydroxyproline accumulated with cells at a high number of population doublings.

PMID- 1212201
TI  - Studies on the role of insulin in the regulation of glyceride synthesis in rat
      epididymal adipose tissue.
AB  - 1. When rat isolated fat-cells were incubated with fructose and palmitate,
      insulin significantly stimulated glyceride synthesis as measured by either
      [14C]fructose incorporation into the glycerol moiety or of [3H]palmitate
      incorporation into the acyl moiety of tissue glycerides. Under certain conditions
      the effect of insulin on glyceride synthesis was greater than the effect of
      insulin on fructose uptake. 2. In the presence of palmitate, insulin slightly
      stimulated (a) [14C]pyruvate incorporation into glyceride glycerol of fat-cells
      and (b) 3H2O incorporation into glyceride glycerol of incubated fat-pads. 3. At
      low extracellular total concentrations of fatty acids (in the presence of
      albumin), insulin stimulated [14C]fructose, [14C]pyruvate and 3H2O incorporation
      into fat-cell fatty acids. Increasing the extracellular fatty acid concentration
      greatly inhibited fatty acid synthesis from these precursors and also greatly
      decreased the extent of apparent stimulation of fatty acid synthesis by insulin.
      4. These results are discussed in relation to the suggestion [A.P. Halestrap &
      R.M. Denton (1974) Biochem. J. 142, 365-377] that the tissue may contain a
      specific acyl-binding protein which is subject to regulation. It is suggested
      that an insulin-sensitive enzyme component of the glyceride-synthesis process may
      play such a role.

PMID- 1212203
TI  - Regulation of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase by its cofactor haem: Experiments
      with haematin and 5-aminolaevulinate and comparison with the substrate and
      hormonal mechanisms.
AB  - 1. The administration of haematin or 5-aminolaevulinate to rat enhances the
      activity of liver tryptophan pyrrolase; both endogenous and newly formed
      apoenzymes become strongly haem-saturated. Haem activation does not stabilize
      tryptophan pyrrolase. 2. Actinomycin D, puromycin or cycloheximide prevent the
      activation of the enzyme by 5-aminolaevulinate but not that by haematin. The
      latter is inhibited by haem-destroying porphyrogens. 3. The combined injection of
      either haematin or 5-aminolaevulinate with cortisol does not produce an additive
      effect, whereas potentation is observed when tryptophan is jointly given with
      either the cofactor or the haem precursor. 4. Further experiments on the
      substrate (tryptophan) mechanism of pyrrolase regulation are reported, and a
      comparison between this and the cofactor and hormonal mechanisms is made. 5. It
      is suggested that the substrate mechanism may also involve increased haem
      synthesis. 6. The role of tryptophan pyrrolase in the utilization of liver haem,
      and as a possible model for the exacerbation by drugs of human hepatic
      porphyrias, is discussed.

PMID- 1212204
TI  - Intermolecular transacylation of phosphatidylethanolamine by a Butyrivibrio sp.
AB  - 1. Washed cells and supernatant from a culture of a Butyrivibrio sp. carry out
      the intermolecular transacylation reaction 2 phosphatidylethanolamine leads to N
      acylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine+lysophosphatidylethanolamine. 2. Washed cells can
      catalyse the intramolecular transacylation of N
      (acyl)glycerylphosphorylethanolamine to lysophosphatidylethanolamine; the culture
      supernatant is largely devoid of activity.

PMID- 1212206
TI  - Ornithine decarboxylase activity and: [125I]iododeoxyuridine incorporation in rat
      prostate.
AB  - The relationship between ornithine decarboxylase activity and
      [125I]iododexyuridine incorporation was studied in prostates from castrated rats
      (aged 5, 26 and 80 weeks) injected daily with testosterone for up to 10 days. The
      results suggest that ornithine decarboxylase activity is a parameter of secretory
      activity, rather than growth, in the ventral prostate. In the dorsolateral
      prostate, ornithine decarboxylase activity tends to parallel
      [125I]iododeoxyuridine incorporation.

PMID- 1212205
TI  - The reversibility of active sulphate transport in membrane vesicles of Paracoccus
      denitrificans.
AB  - An uncoupler-sensitive active transport of sulphate into membrane vesicles
      prepared from the plasma membrane of Paracoccus denitrificans (previously
      Micrococcus denitrificans) can be driven by respiration or by a trans-membrane pH
      gradient (alkaline inside) generated by the addition either of KCL ( in the
      presence of nigericin) or of NH4CL. Valinomycin does not substitute for
      nigericin. Respiration-driven transport is observed in right-side-out vesicles
      but not in inside-out vesicles, whereas transport driven by the addition of KCL
      (in the presence of nigericin) or of NH4CL is observed in both types of membrane
      vesicle. The active transport of sulphate into these vesicles is shown to be
      carrier-mediated by its sensitivity to thiol-group reagents. It is proposed that
      the sulphate carrier in the plasma membrane of P. denitrificans operates by a
      mechanism of electroneutral proton symport, and is capable of actively
      transporting sulphate in either direction across the plasma membrane, but that in
      whole cells respiration-driven proton expulsion drives the accumulative uptake of
      sulphate.

PMID- 1212207
TI  - An 18O double-labelling study of haemoglobin catabolism in the rat.
AB  - The degradation of haemoglobin to bilirubin in the rat was investigated by 18O
      labelling of the molecular oxygen consumed by the animal. The oxygen atoms
      incorporated into bilirubin were derived from two different oxygen molecules.
      Implications of this finding for the mechanism of haem catabolism in vivo are
      discussed; both verdohaem and a dioxygen-bridged compound appear to be excluded
      at intermediates.

PMID- 1212208
TI  - The autotrophic growth of Micrococcus denitrificans on Methanol.
AB  - Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase is present at a high specific activity in
      extracts of methanol-grown Microccus denitrificans. Enzymic and physiological
      evidence indicates that, during growth on methanol, the ribulose bisphosphate
      cycle is the route of carbon assimilation.

PMID- 1212209
TI  - Ribosome function in livers of porphyric mice.
AB  - 1. A porphyrinogenic drug, 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine, caused a
      decrease in the proportion of single ("run off") ribosomes, and an increase in
      the number of polyribosomes, in the livers of treated animals. 2. No change could
      be detected in the distribution of amino acid incorporation among hepatic
      polyribosomes.

PMID- 1212210
TI  - A theoretical approach to the binding of amphipathic molecules to globular
      proteins.
AB  - 1. A theory based on a multiple equilibrium model with stoicheiometric binding
      constants has been formulated. It is applicable to the interaction of amphipathic
      molecules with charged macromolecules. 2. The theory has been applied to the
      binding of sodium n-dodecyl sulphate to ribonuclease A, beta-lactoglobulin and
      bovine serum albumin. 3. Over the ranges of surfactant concentration where
      binding is non-co-operative and co-operative, the experimental data can be
      satisfactorily fitted with energy and co-operatively parameters which are of
      comparable magnitude for the three globular proteins. 4. The results imply that
      the energy of interaction of sodium n-dodecyl sulphate with the proteins is
      equivalent to the formation of approximately four CH2 hydrophobic bonds.

PMID- 1212211
TI  - Some enzymes present in the walls of mesophyll cells of tobacco leaves.
AB  - Cell-wall enzymes were assayed by the difference between enzyme activities in the
      whole cell and the protoplast. Both peroxidase (85.2%) and acid phosphatase
      (21.9%) were located in the wall. However, malate dehydrogenase was found only in
      the protoplast. A study of the time-course of the release of peroxidase and
      malate dehydrogenase into the incubation medium from cells either treated with
      cellulase or untreated, also indicated that peroxidase and not malate
      dehydrogenase was located in the wall. Only two anodic isoenzymes of peroxidase
      were present in the cell wall. These were more negatively charged than those of
      horseradish peroxidase.

PMID- 1212212
TI  - The purification and properties of a beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase from Trichomonas
      foetus.
AB  - A beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase was purified 800-fold from extracts of Trichomonas
      foetus by affinity chromatography on a column of N-(epsilon-aminohexanoyl)-2
      acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosylamine bound to CNBr-activated Sepharose.
      The enzyme has a dual specificity for the p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glycosides of N
      acetylglucosamine and N-acetyl-galactosamine. The parent sugars are both
      competitive inhibitors. The enzyme has a mol. wt. approx. 150000 and a pH optimum
      of 6.2. It is suggested that the same active site catalyses both activities and
      that no part is played by the 4-hydroxyl group in substrate binding, but it is
      involved in determining the catalytic rate.

PMID- 1212214
TI  - Purification of insect myosin and alpha-actinin.
AB  - A method is described for preparing insect myosin, tropomyosin and alpha-actinin.
      The amino acid compositions of the myosin and alpha-actinin are given, and some
      of the properties of the purified proteins are discussed.

PMID- 1212213
TI  - The mechanism of polyribosome disaggregation in brain tissue by phenylalanine.
AB  - The injection of neonatal mice with phenylalanine resulted in a rapid decrease in
      brain polyribosomes and a concomitant increase in monomeric ribosomes. Animals of
      1-16 days of age were equally affected by phenylalanine, although the brain
      polyribosomes of 60-day-old mice were relatively resistant to the effects of
      phenylalanine. The population of free polyribosomes appeared to be more sensitive
      to phenylalanine treatment than bound polyribosomes, which were somewhat more
      resistant to disruption by high concentrations of the amino acid. The effects of
      phenylalanine were more pronounced with polyribosomes in the cerebral cortex than
      with those in the cerebellar tissue. The mechanism of polyribosome disruption was
      shown to be independent of hydrolysis mediated by ribonuclease. Virtually all of
      the monomeric ribosomes that resulted from phenylalanine treatment were shown to
      be inactive with regard to endogenous protein synthesis and were present in the
      cell cytoplasm as vacant couples. These ribosomes were readily dissociated by
      treatment with 0.5 M-KCl and subsequent ultracentrifugation. These results are
      discussed in the light of the possibility that high concentrations of
      phenylalanine disrupt brain protein synthesis by a molecular mechanism that is
      associated with initiation events.

PMID- 1212215
TI  - A quenched-flow study of the reaction catalysed by creatine kinase.
AB  - The reaction catalysed by creatine kinase was studied in both directions by
      quenched-flow techniques to follow the initial product formation in the
      millisecond range. In both directions the amount of product formed increases
      linearly with time, and the turnover number corresponds to the steady-state
      value. Extrapolation to zero time indicates the absence of either a large
      transient phase or a large lag phase in both directions. This indicates that the
      actual chemical reaction is rate-limiting, and that all possible isomerizations
      before or after the chemical step must be much more rapid.

PMID- 1212216
TI  - The primary structure of troponin T and the interaction with tropomyosin.
AB  - 1. Eight peptides were separated from the CNBr digest of troponin T from rabbit
      white skeletal muscle and characterized. 2. By study of the amino acid sequence
      of the methionine-containing peptides isolated after chymotryptic and tryptic
      digestion and of the N- and C-terminals of the CNBr peptides, six of the latter
      were shown to be arranged in the sequence CNB1-CNB2-CNB5-CNB6-CNB8-CNB7. The
      other two peptides, CNB1' and CNB3, have been shown to be partial digestion
      products. 3. The CNBr peptides CNB1' and CNB2 contained a common sequence and
      were the only peptides in CNBr digests of troponin T that formed a complex with
      tropomyosin as judged by viscometric and electrophoretic studies. 4. It is
      concluded that tropomyosin interacts with the N-terminal half of the troponin T
      molecule approximately in the region lying between residues 70 and 160. 5.
      Electrophoretic evidence indicates that tropomyosin and troponin C interact with
      troponin T. 6. None of the major CNBr peptides of troponin T isolated formed a
      complex with troponin C on electrophoresis at pH 8.6.

PMID- 1212217
TI  - Oplophorus oxyluciferin and a model luciferin compound biologically active with
      Oplophorus luciferase.
AB  - The luciferin of the bioluminescent decapod shrimp, Oplophorus gracilorostris,
      was purified and studied with respect to u.v. spectrum, fluorescence spectrum,
      mass spectrum and luminescent cross-reaction with the enzyme luciferase of the
      bioluminescent ostracod, Cypridina hilgendorfii. On the basis of these results,
      an empirical formula C10H13N3O3 and an imidazo [1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one structure are
      proposed for luciferin. Of three model luciferin compounds, 3-hydroxy-2
      methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine is biologically active with both Oplophorus and
      Cypridina luciferase, indicating that a pyrazine structure is not essential for
      biological activity with Cypridina luciferase.

PMID- 1212218
TI  - Phosphorylation of the light-chain components of myosin from cardiac and red
      skeletal muscles.
AB  - 1. The light-chain components of myosin from cardiac muscle (19000 and 27000
      daltons) and of rabbit soleus and crureus muscles (19000, 27000 and 29000
      daltons) were characterized. 2. The 19000-dalton components in carciac- and red
      skeletal-muscle myosins were spontaneously modified to a component of slightly
      higher net negative charge. 3. The 19000-dalton component in cardiac and red
      skeletal muscles and their modified forms were phosphorylated by myosin light
      chain kinase. 4. Evidence was obtained for the presence of myosin light-chain
      kinase in cardiac and red skeletal muscles. 5. Myosin light-chain kinase
      catalysed the phosphorylation of the whole light-chain fraction from white and
      red skeletal muscle at similar rates. The light-chain fraction of cardiac-muscle
      myosin was phosphorylated at a significantly lower rate. 6. The light-chain
      components of cardiac-muscle myosin and their phosphorylated froms were separated
      by ion-exchange chromatography and their amino acid compositions determined.

PMID- 1212219
TI  - The androgenic regulation of the activities of enzymes engaged in the synthesis
      of deoxyribonucleic acid in rat ventral prostate gland.
AB  - The restoration of mitosis and growth of the prostate gland of castrated animals
      by androgens provides a favourable experimental system for studying the hormonal
      regulation of enzymes engaged in DNA replication. 2. Many DNA polymerase
      activities were identified in the prostate gland, but only a 9S form with a
      particular preference for denatured DNA as template was conspicuously enhanced by
      androgenic stimulation. 3. Thymidine kinase also provided a sensitive indicator
      of the hormonal regulation of DNA replication, and on electrophoretic criteria,
      one discrete form of the enzyme appeared precisely with the onset of mitoris. 4.
      Evidence is presented to support the view that DNA ligase activity is intimately
      associated in the process of DNA replication in the prostate gland. 5. A spectrum
      of deoxyribonuclease activities is present in the prostate gland, but only one
      form (pI7.0) can safely be said to be implicated in the process of DNA
      replication. 6. Androgenic stimulation of the prostate gland leads to the
      appearance of a component capable of denaturing or unwinding prostate DNA. This
      component is seemingly distinct from RNA or DNA polymerase activities on the
      basis of several distince physicochemical characteristics. 7. The conspicuous
      feature of all the changes in enzyme activities evoked by androgens in the
      prostate gland is their acute tissue- and steroid-specificity. Such changes could
      not be mimicked in liver or spleen and the regulatory role of androgens could not
      be simulated by other classes of steroid hormones. Particularly on the basis of
      studies with the anti-androgen cyproterone acetate, it is concluded that the
      changes are initially mediated by the androgen-receptor system and the high
      affinity binding of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone in the prostate gland. 8. The
      results are discussed in the context of the mechanism of action of androgens.

PMID- 1212221
TI  - Milk glucose as an index of the intracellular glucose concentration of rat
      mammary gland.
AB  - The aqueous glucose concentration of rat milk is about 0.29mM, apparently
      unmodified by prolonged storage in the gland. Infused 3-0-methylglucose reaches a
      milk concentration similar to its measured mammary intracellular concentration.
      Milk glucose may therefore reflect its intracellular concentration in the mammary
      secretory cell.

PMID- 1212220
TI  - Relationships between the exchange of calcium and phosphate in isolated fat
      cells.
AB  - The uptake and the washout of 45Ca2+ and 32Pi is described in free fat-cells and
      whole epididymal fat-pads from fed rats. 2. In isolated fat-cells, the uptake of
      45Ca2+ proceeds with an initial rapid phase of about 1 min duration, followed by
      a slower subsequent accumulation. In contrast with the rapid phase, the slow
      phase is inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol, warfarin, oligomycin and verapamil,
      shows saturation, and presumably represents transport across the plasma membrane.
      3. The washout of 45Ca2+ from preloaded cells consists of a rapid (1 min) initial
      phase and a slow phase which is non-monoexponential, suggesting that the
      radioactive isotope is released from several cellular pools. 4. When Pi is
      omitted from the incubation medium, the slow phase of 45Ca uptake is almost
      abolished, and the washout of 45Ca from preloaded fat-cells is markedly
      accelerated. At elevated extracellular concentrations of Pi (2,4-6.2mM), the
      uptake of 45Ca is stimulated by 2-10-fold, and the release of the radioactive
      isotope from preloaded cells is inhibited. In whole epididymal fat-pads,
      variations in the extracellular concentration of Pi have no detectable effect on
      the uptake or the washout of 45Ca. 5. In isolated fat-cells, the accumulation of
      32Pi is inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol or the omission of glucose from the
      incubation medium. In a Ca2+-depleted buffer, the uptake of 32Pi is diminished,
      and hyperosmolarity, which stimulates 45Ca uptake, also accelerates the
      accumulation of 32Pi. 6. It is concluded that in free fat-cells, the uptake and
      release of Ca2+ and Pi take place by closely interrelated processes, which are
      dependent on mitochondrial energy production.

PMID- 1212222
TI  - Purification and characterization of guinea-pig intestinal brush borders.
AB  - The purification of guinea-pig intestinal brush borders by a rapid sucrose
      gradient-centrifugation step is reported. A 29-fold increase in the maltase/DNA
      quotient indicates considerable purification of the brush borders from nuclei.
      The biological activity of the brush borders was well preserved, as demonstrated
      by a high recovery of human gastric-juice-mediated uptake of 57Co-labelled
      vitamin B-12; homogeneity and purity were confirmed by scanning electron
      microscopy. Both the morphological appearance and biological activity were
      unchanged after prolonged storage in glycerol.

PMID- 1212223
TI  - Induced transcription-dependent synthesis of mitochondrial reduced nicotinamide
      adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase in Drosophila.
AB  - Salivary glands of Drosophila hydei recovering from an anaerobic treatment show a
      significant increase in apparent Vmax of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. This
      increase in Vmax is based on an increase in enzyme molecules resulting from
      synthesis de novo in the cytoplasm, as indicated by the inhibition by
      cycloheximide of both the increase in apparent Vmax and the increase in amino
      acid incorporation into enzyme fractions. The increase in enzyme activity is also
      inhibited by actinomycin D, which is in support of previous data indicating a
      casual relationship between transcription in puff 4-81B in the polytene
      chromosomes and an increase in apparent Vmax of the enzyme. Gel electrophoresis
      of mitochondrial protein extracts revealed three protein fractions with NADH
      dehydrogenase activity. All three fractions showed increased activity as well as
      increased amino acid labelling in glands recovering from anaerobiosis compared
      with control glands. The data suggest that the increase in mitochondrial NADH
      dehydrogenase activity in salivary glands recovering from an anaerobic treatment
      depends on increased gene transcription.

PMID- 1212224
TI  - The contents of adenine nucleotides, phosphagens and some glycolytic
      intermediates in resting muscles from vertebrates and invertebrates.
AB  - The lowest contents of ATP and the lowest ATP/AMP concentration ratios are
      observed in the molluscan muscles that have very low rates of energy expenditure
      during contraction. The highest contents of ATP are observed in the extremely
      aerobic insect flight muscle and the extremely anaerobic pectoral muscle of the
      pheasant and domestic fowl. In general, the lowest ATP/AMP concentration ratios
      are observed for muscle in which the variation in the rate of energy utilization
      is small (e.g. some molluscan muscles, heart muscle); the highest ratios are
      observed in muscles in which this variation is large (lobster abdominal muscle,
      pheasant pectoral muscle, some insect flight muscles). This finding is consistent
      with the proposed role of AMP and the adenylate kinase reaction in the regulation
      of glycolysis. However, in the flight muscle of the honey-bee the ATP/AMP ratio
      is very low, so that glycolysis may be regulated by factors other than the
      variation in AMP concentration. The variation in the contents of arginine
      phosphate in muscle from the invertebrates is much larger than the variation in
      creatine phosphate in muscle from the vertebrates. The contents of hexose
      monophosphates and pyruvate are, in general, higher in the muscles of vertebrates
      than in those of the invertebrates. The contents of phosphoenolpyruvate are
      similar in all the muscles investigated, except for the honey-bee in which it is
      about 4-10-fold higher. The mass-action ratios for the reactions catalysed by
      phosphoglucoisomerase and adenylate kinase are very similar to the equilibrium
      constants for these reactions. Further, the variation in the mass-action ratios
      between muscles is small. It is concluded that these enzymes catalyse reactions
      close to equilibrium. However, the mass-action ratios for the reactions catalysed
      by phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase are much smaller than the equilibrium
      constants. The variation in the ratios between different muscles is large. It is
      concluded that these enzymes catalyse nonequilibrium reactions. Since the
      variation in the mass-action ratios for the reactions catalysed by the phosphagen
      kinases (i.e. creatine and arginine phosphokinases) is small, it is suggested
      that these reactions are close to equilibrium.

PMID- 1212226
TI  - Determination of the amount of small messenger ribonucleic acid-containing
      particles free in liver cytoplasm.
AB  - To assess the contribution made by mRNA-containing particles to the heterogeneity
      previously observed among rat liver 40S ribonucleoprotein particles, the amount
      of poly(A)-containing RNA in subribosomal particles was determined. RNA was
      labelled with orotate in vivo for 24h and then for 50min. Poly(A)-containing RNA
      was trapped on filters impregnated with poly(U). Very little poly(A)-containing
      RNA was found in conventionally prepared ribonucleoprotein particles after
      fractionation in sucrose. However, after preparation of ribonucleoprotein
      particles by sedimentation through 1 M-sucrose in the presence of 0.15M-KCl or by
      precipitation with Mg2+ as described by Leitin & Lerman [(1969) Biokhimiya 34,
      839-849], amounts of poly(A)-containing RNA were similar to amounts of mRNA found
      by other workers in total ribonucleoprotein particles. Even in such preparations,
      less than 5% of the total rapidly labelled RNA in native subribosomal-particle
      fractions was mRNA. It seems that mRNA-containing particles make up only a very
      small part of the population of subribosomal particles in liver.

PMID- 1212227
TI  - The induction of enzyme activity in the endosperm of germinating castor-bean
      seeds.
AB  - Endosperm extracts were prepared at various times during germination from intact
      castor-bean seeds and from seeds from which the embryos had been removed. The
      sterilized seeds were incubated either on solid water agar or on agar containing
      0.3 mM-gibberellic acid. 2. Isocitrate lyase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
      had very low activities in the mature seeds, but increased 44-fold and 27-fold
      respectively during germination. In contrast, the extracts of mature seeds had
      considerable acid and alkaline lipase activity and this only increased two- to
      three-fold during the incubation period. 3. Incubation of the seeds with
      gibberellic acid accelerated the rate of appearance of isocitrate lyase and 3
      hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. It also increased the total activity attained.
      However, the application of hormone had, in comparison, little effect on the
      development of lipase activity. 4. The removal of the embryo had little influence
      on the development of enzyme activity in the endosperm tissue; only with
      isocitrate lyase was a decrease in activity observed in the absence of the
      embryo.

PMID- 1212225
TI  - The thermochemical characterization of sodium dithionite, flavin mononucleotide,
      flavin-adenine dinucleotide and methyl and benzyl viologens as low-potential
      reductants for biological systems.
AB  - The heat of reaction (deltaH) of Fe(CN)63-, Methyl Viologen, FMN and FAD with
      S2O42- in aqueous buffer solutions was measured calorimetrically. In addition
      deltaH values for reduction of Fe(CN)63-, FMN and FAD by reduced Methyl Viologen
      were determined. The resulting calorimetric data and corresponding E0 values were
      combined to yield thermodynamic data for these simple reducing agents in a form
      useful for applications to biological reactions. Thermodynamic data for the
      reduction of spinach ferredoxin are also presented.

PMID- 1212228
TI  - Regulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis by polyamines. Reversal by spermine of
      inhibition by methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) of ribonucleic acid synthesis
      and histone acetylation in rabbit heart.
AB  - The relationship between polyamines and RNA synthesis was studied by considering
      the action of spermine on histone acetylation in perfused heart. In addition, the
      effect of methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), inhibitor of putrescine-activated S
      adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity, on RNA and polyamine specific
      radioactivity and on acetylation of histone fractions was also investigated in
      perfused heart. Different concentrations of spermine and/or methylglyoxas
      bis(guanylhydrazone) were injected into the heart, 15 min after beginning the
      perfusion. The results demonstrate that spermine stimulates the specific
      radioactivity of RNA of subcellular fractions. Acetylation of the arginine-rich
      histone fractions, involved in the regulation of RNA transcription, is enhanced
      by spermine. The perfusion with methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) causes a
      decrease in the specific radioactivity of polyamines and RNA, and in acetylation
      of histone fractions. However, spermine is able to reverse the methylglyoxal
      bis(guanylhydrazone) inhibition when injected simultaneously. From these results
      we may assume a possible role for spermine in the regulation of RNA
      transcription.

PMID- 1212229
TI  - Tissue distribution of retinol and its metabolites after administration of double
      labelled retinol.
AB  - The tissue concentrations and distribution of radioactivity present in retinol
      and its metabolites were investigated in vitamin A-deficient rats 24h after
      injection of physiological doses (10mug) of [6, 7-14C2, 11,12-3H2] retinol. The
      highest concentration of radioactivity was observed in the adrenals, followed by
      kidney, spleen, liver, intestine and blood. The total radioactivity was greatest
      in urine, followed in descending order by liver, kidney, blood and intestine. The
      14C/3H ratios of crude light-petroleum extracts in the liver, intestines, lungs,
      heart and faeces were similar to the ratio of the injected retinol dispersion.
      However, the 14C/3H ratios in the adrenals, kidney, spleen, blood, brain and
      urine were quite different from that of injected retinol. Alumina chromatography
      of the kidney and intestinal extracts demonstrated that retinol and retinyl
      palmitate are the principal forms of vitamin A present. However, alumina
      chromatography of the liver extract did not reveal the presence of retinol but
      yielded a major compound with a low 14C/3H ratio. That this compound was not
      retinol was shown by its inability to react with ethanolic HC1 to yield
      anhydroretinol. The distribution of radioactivity in ether-soluble, acidic and
      water-soluble fractions of urine indicated that most of the radioactivity was
      present in the acidic and water-soluble fractions. The 14C/3H ratios in ether
      soluble and acidic fractions were higher than that of injected retinol, whereas
      in the water-soluble fraction the ratio was similar to the injected material.

PMID- 1212230
TI  - Estimation of catecholamines in urine by high performance liquid chromatography
      with electrochemical detection.

PMID- 1212233
TI  - Measurement of blood plasma cortisol by p-hydrozinobenzene sulfonic acid/H3PO4
      reagent; a modified Porter--Silber reagent of increased sensitivity.

PMID- 1212235
TI  - Spectrophotometric estimation of estradiol-17 beta, progesterone, and
      testosterone.

PMID- 1212231
TI  - A comparision of methods for the initial concentration of erythropoietin from
      human urine.

PMID- 1212234
TI  - In vitro synthesis and identification of lysozyme in human tonsillar cells.

PMID- 1212232
TI  - Amino acid composition and sequence of urinary peptides containing
      hydroxyproline.

PMID- 1212236
TI  - Isolation and characterization of the glycopeptide from the urine of myoclonus
      epilepsy of Lafora-body type.

PMID- 1212237
TI  - Urinary tryptophan metabolites: assay of free and acid hydrolyzable conjugates of
      3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid.

PMID- 1212238
TI  - Lipase activity in normal and dystrophic human muscle.

PMID- 1212239
TI  - Dopamine: a sensitive automated assay and examples of levodopa therapy.

PMID- 1212240
TI  - Oral nicotine ingestion and incidence of activity-stress ulcer in the rat.

PMID- 1212241
TI  - Chenodeoxycholic acid inhibits increased cholesterol and cholestanol synthesis in
      patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis.

PMID- 1212242
TI  - The effect of chlorpromazine and of oxygen on the substrate-inhibition of L-amino
      acid oxidase.

PMID- 1212243
TI  - Effects of long-term ethanol treatment on aldehyde and alcohol dehydrogenase
      activities in rat liver.

PMID- 1212244
TI  - Protection against the effects of the antitumour agent CB 1954 by certain
      imidazoles and related compounds.

PMID- 1212245
TI  - Studies on a ketone reductase in human and rat liver and kidney soluble fraction
      using warfarin as a substrate.

PMID- 1212246
TI  - Mixed type hepatic microsomal enzyme induction by hexachlorobenzene.

PMID- 1212247
TI  - A sensitive enzymatic assay for dextro- or levo-tranylcypromine in brain.

PMID- 1212248
TI  - Effects of a choline-deficient diet on the induction of drug- and ethanol
      metabolizing enzymes and on the alteration of rates of ethanol degradation by
      ethanol and phenobarbital.

PMID- 1212250
TI  - Effect of fenitrothion on delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase activity of mouse
      liver.

PMID- 1212249
TI  - Effect of chronic morphine treatment on brain chromatin template activities in
      mice.

PMID- 1212251
TI  - Enzymic hydrolysis of malaoxon by mouse liver homogenates.

PMID- 1212252
TI  - Studies on the selective inhibition of membrane-bound rat liver monoamine
      oxidase.

PMID- 1212253
TI  - Kinetic studies of membrane-bound rat liver monoamine oxidase.

PMID- 1212254
TI  - Metabolism of (14C-1)-halothane in vivo--effects of multiple halothane
      anesthesia, phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride pretreatment.

PMID- 1212255
TI  - Effects of benzene vapour on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system in rat
      brain.

PMID- 1212256
TI  - Relation of the pituitary gland to the actions of testosterone on hepatic
      ethylmorphine metabolism in rats.

PMID- 1212257
TI  - Electroconvulsive shock raises prostaglandins F in rat cerebral cortex.

PMID- 1212258
TI  - Effect of acute and chronic iprindole on serotonin turnover in mouse brain.

PMID- 1212259
TI  - The effect of beta-gungarotoxin on the release of acetylcholine from brain
      synaptosomal preparations.

PMID- 1212260
TI  - Differential induction of murine Ah locus-associated monooxygenase activities in
      rabbit liver and kidney.

PMID- 1212261
TI  - Studies of the mechanism of action of the tumour-inhibitory nitrosoureas.

PMID- 1212262
TI  - The in vitro uptake of biogenic amines by snail (Heliz pomatia) nervous tissue.

PMID- 1212263
TI  - Further studies concerning the effects of 2-aryl-1,3-indandiones on oxidative
      phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria.

PMID- 1212264
TI  - Hydroxylation of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea.

PMID- 1212265
TI  - gamma-thiocyanoaminobutyric acid, a cystathionase substrate.

PMID- 1212266
TI  - Tight-binding inhibitors-I. Kinetic behavior.

PMID- 1212267
TI  - Tight-binding inhibitors-II. Non-steady state nature of inhibition of milk
      xanthine oxidase by allopurinol and alloxanthine and of human erythrocytic
      adenosine deaminase by coformycin.

PMID- 1212268
TI  - Paradoxical decrease in norepinephrine content of adult mouse spleen and heart
      after neonatal nerve growth factor treatment.

PMID- 1212270
TI  - Fusion power and the environment.
AB  - Fusion reactor design concepts are being pursued in the research and development
      programme of various countries and studies are being undertaken on the possible
      environmental impact of fusion power reactors. The paper reviews and summarizes
      the results of such environmental impact studies. Attention is restricted to
      deuterium-tritium fusion reactor concepts and a preliminary environmental impact
      assessment is presented. The possible inventory tritium and radioactive materials
      in the neutron-activated blanket structure of fusion power reactors is described
      and potential hazards posed by this radioactive materials inventory are
      discussed. Non-radiological implications and accident considerations are
      outlined. In conclusion, various areas still awaiting further investigation and
      research work are identified. The paper contains 8 tables and 50 references.

PMID- 1212272
TI  - [Serial determinations of serum oxytocinase and ultrasonic biparietal
      cephalometry in normal and high-risk pregnancies].
AB  - The value of sonor biparietal cephalometry and serum oxytocinase that we have
      obtained with weekly simultaneous determinations in 14 females with normal
      pregnancy and in 5 with pathological pregnancy, from 24th to 39th week, show a
      statical positive relation. Serum oxitocinase determination against hormonal
      tests of the phetoplancental function (urinary oestriol, pregnandiol, serum HCS,
      ecc.) give advantages: it is the easyer, faster and less espandove determination.
      Therefore we think that it is helpful to determin togheter serial values of sonar
      biparietal cephalometry and serum oxytocinase to anticipate the endouterine fetal
      growth retardation.

PMID- 1212269
TI  - The use of reference materials in the elemental analysis of biological samples.
AB  - Reference materials (RMs) are useful to compare the accuracy and precision of
      laboratories and techniques. The desirable properties of biological reference
      materials are listed, and the problems of production, homogenization and storage
      described. At present there are only 10 biological RMs available compared with
      213 geological and 520 metallurgical RMs. There is a need for more biological RMs
      including special materials for microprobe analysis and for in vivo activation
      analysis. A study of 650 mean values for elements in RM Kale, analysed by many
      laboratories, leads to the following conclusions. 61% of the values lie within +/
      10% of the best mean, and 80% lie within +/- 20% of the best mean. Atomic
      absorption spectrometry gives results that are 5-30% high for seven elements,
      while instrumental neutron activation analysis gives low and imprecise results
      for K. Other techniques with poor interlaboratory precision include neutron
      activation for Mg, polarography for Zn and arc-spectrometry for many elements.
      More than half the values for elements in Kale were obtained by neutron
      activation, confirming the importance of this technique and the need for RMs. As
      a rough estimate, 6 X 10(9) elemental analyses of biological materials are
      carried out each year, mostly by medical, agricultural and food scientists. It
      seems likely that a substantial percentage of these are inaccurate, a situation
      that might be improved by quality control using standard RMs.

PMID- 1212271
TI  - [Extracorporeal circulation. Considerations on the methods adopted].
AB  - This paper described the various types of procedures used for cardiopulmonary
      bypass related to the operative procedures. The Authors emphasize emodiluition
      and hypothermia as local as general recommend a limited use of coronary
      perfusion.

PMID- 1212273
TI  - [Experimental observations on posttraumatic venous thrombosis].
AB  - Venous thrombosis had been experimentally induced in dogs by two different ways
      of trauma: contusion of whole venous wall and stripping of intimal layer. Both
      ways produced thrombosis in 33% of cases. The Authors describent histological
      findings of venous wall and thrombi with attention to genesis and evolution of
      these post-traumatic venous thrombosis.

PMID- 1212274
TI  - [Structural and functional correlations in dysectasias of junctions at various
      sites].
AB  - On the basis of previous studies by means of urography, renography,
      cholangiocholecistography, possible analogies are sought after in the behaviour
      of several junctions such as upper and lower uretheral, cholecisto-choledocical,
      eosophago-cardial. Some significant patterns were found to be in common, or close
      relations, among the various syndromes.

PMID- 1212275
TI  - [Transthoracic electrical impedance variations in the hemodynamic evaluation of
      patients after open heart surgery].
AB  - Adequate assessment of cardiac function in patients who have undergone open
      intracardiac operations requires determination of cardiac output. Electric
      impedance technique of determining cardiac output in intensive care unit is
      presented. Routine measurement of cardiac output in the immediate postoperative
      period has allowed important innovations in the care of the patients: a)
      preclinical diagnosis of low cardiac output and prophylactic treatment, b)
      artificial pacing at optimal rate, c) accurate assessment of the effectiveness of
      the treatment measures.

PMID- 1212276
TI  - [Medicolegal aspects of chronic alcoholism. Considerations on the behavior of 285
      chronic alcoholics].
AB  - The Authors examined 285 male sex chronic alcoholics hopitalised in the
      Psychiatric Clinic of Parma University from 1969 to 1974. Clinical diagnosis,
      family anamnesis, degree of learning, civil status, beginning of abuse of
      alcoholics were considered. The Authors then, made a research at the Criminal
      Court records-office to verify how many of these alcoholic patients had committed
      crimes, what kinds, how many, related particularly to single subject's
      personality.

PMID- 1212277
TI  - [Genetic observations on hereditary spherocytosis in some family groups in a
      region of Mantova north of the Po and/in the province of Parma].
AB  - Hereditary spherocytosis is an haemolitic disease, generally characterized by
      anaemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. With reference to data collected in the
      territory of Quistello, in the Province of Mantova and in the Hospital of the
      City of Parma, about 280 persons were examined, belonging to the families most
      affected by hereditary spherocytosis. The results support the hypothesis that the
      disease is due to an autosomic dominant gene with an almost complete penetrance
      (0.9). No significant decrease in fitness, measured as a function of fertility,
      was observed, nor was it possible, from the data examined, to evaluate any
      correlation between presence of the disease and cases of abortion or perinatal
      mortality. It is worthy of note that all the observed cases pertain to families
      that are distributed along the course of the Po River. A biochemical enquiry,
      based upon an evaluation of the differences in protein composition between the
      membranes of spherocytes and normal eritrocytes, by electrophoresis on gel of
      polyacrylamide, gave contrasting results.

PMID- 1212278
TI  - Reduction of serum lipids by means of etiroxate (Liponorm).
AB  - Ten out-patients with primary Type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia and a further 10 with
      Types IIb, IV, and V were administered with DL-alpha-methyl-thyroxine ethyl ester
      (etiroxate) (20 mg twice daily) for an average of 308 days. The aim of the study
      was to determine the effects of the drug on the cholesterol and triglyceride
      levels, tolerance and side-effects, particularly in coronary patients. The T4
      values rose in all but one patient and fell again when the drug was discontinued.
      In Type IIa patients cholesterol fell by an average of 75.5 mg/100 ml (20.6%) as
      compared with the period before treatment and normal triglyceride levels dropped
      by 17 mg/100 ml (12.6%). In Type IIb, IV and V patients cholesterol levels
      decreased by 69.1 mg/100 ml (21%) during treatment. Serum triglycerides, which in
      some patients were extremely high before treatment were only slightly affected,
      falling by an average of 165.3 mg/100 ml (22.8%). For the whole group of patients
      the fall in cholesterol during treatment was highly significant in comparison
      with the period before and after therapy, whereas the changes in the
      triglycerides were not significant. Only one patient had an increase in the
      frequency of angina pectoris attacks; another showed temporary restlessness and
      slies, were not observed. Red and white cell counts, differential blood count,
      thrombocytes, the transaminases SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin,
      urinalysis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate did not change during treatment.
      There was no lasting increase in pulse rate in any patient and no significant
      changes in systolic-diastolic blood pressure. ECG showed no rhythm disorders nor
      any other changes which were not present before treatment was initiated.

PMID- 1212281
TI  - An evaluation of crude and fractionated Trichina antigens in the diagnosis of
      trichinosis.

PMID- 1212280
TI  - [Present prevalence of scables and pediculosis capitis among public primary
      school children in Santiago, Chile (June-July, 1975) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212283
TI  - [The helminth fauna of Chile: III. Parasites of the degu rodent, Octodon degus
      Molina 1782, with descriptions of three new species (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212282
TI  - [A first study of Fasciola hepatica in wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from
      the premountainous area of Nahuelbuta (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212284
TI  - [Treatment of amibiasis and giardiasis in children by oral administration of
      tinidazole, a broad-spectrum antiprotozoal agent (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212285
TI  - [Hydatidosis, a public health problem (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212286
TI  - [An epidemic of trichinosis in the central zone of Chile (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212287
TI  - [Prevalence of Balantidium coli infections in swine from Santiago, Chile
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212288
TI  - [Treatment of human intestinal helminthiasis with a combined dosage of
      mebendazole and thiabendazole (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212289
TI  - [Incidence of AgHB in non-professional donors].
AB  - The detection of Australia antigen (HBsAg) in blood donors and of the
      corresponding antibody, has become a routine practice in blood banks and
      transfusion services. They are the best possibilities currently available in the
      laboratory to exclude, as blood donors, the apparently healthy antigenemic
      individuals, whether carriers or if incubating a type B, viral hepatitis and the
      individuals with a past (probably subclinical) immunological experience to virus
      type B, as indicated by the presence of specific circulating antibodies. The fact
      that both hepatitis virus, A and B, may be transmitted by different routes and
      mechanisms, implies the risk of post-transfusion hepatitis, particularly when the
      infected person is asymptomatic or becomes a "healthy carrier, and donates blood.
      It is important to emphasize that even the most sensitive techniques currently in
      use are unable to detect more than 50% of hepatitis B-infected persons. They must
      be considered, therefore and so far, screning procedures with clear limitations.
      The detection of antibodies against virus type A has only very recently been
      accomplished, but the availability of standardized antigen is limited to a few
      laboratories at the present time. Research on a diagnostic test for virus A,
      equivalent to that of Au antigen, has proven unsuccessful up to now. The Virus
      Laboratory of the Hospital del Nino I.M.A.N., using the Cep method, has detected
      31 HBsAg positive sera out of 6,372 voluntary blood donors attending the
      hospital's blood bank in the last 4 years. The resulting frequency of 4.86/1,000
      is probably below the figure that might be obtained by applying more sensitive
      methods, periodical sampling and additional tests such as those related to liver
      function.

PMID- 1212290
TI  - [Bases for the development of teaching, research and maternal and infant care in
      the rural area. The Temascalcingo plan].
AB  - The Instituto de Ensenanza e Investigaciones Rurales (Institute for Rural
      Training and Research) has been established in Solis, Municipality of
      Temascalcingo, State of Mexico. The institute is part of the Institucion Mexicana
      de Asistencia a la Ninez, IMAN (Mexican Institution for the Assistance of
      Childhood). The institute will study a system of healthy delivery in its (rural)
      zone of activity, based principally in programes with a strong content in the
      preventive and promotional aspects. For this purpose it will use in a
      preferential way, auxiliary and technical personnel which is being trained by the
      institute and that is original from the community where it will serve. At the
      professional level, the institute will mainly employ pediatricians, nurses and
      social workers that are completing their residency at the Hospital del Nino IMAN
      in Mexico City. These professional will obtain important supplementary training
      through their participation in the rural community health programes that the
      institute will develop.

PMID- 1212291
TI  - [Subcutaneous cysticercosis. 8 cases in children].
AB  - Observations in eight patients with subcutaneous or submucous cysticercosis
      studied at the "Hospital del Nino, IMAN", between November 1970 and June 1975 are
      reported; the age of the patients varied between 4 and 14 years; six of them were
      females and 2 were males. One of the patients was found to have C. cellulosae in
      the central nervous system as well. In the presence of subcutaneous and submucous
      nodules, cysticercosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis, and
      anatomic and histopathological documentation should be sought; in cases in which
      cysticercosis is verified, the patient should be carefully studied, to rule out
      the presence of C. cellulosae in other locations, mainly the central nervous
      system.

PMID- 1212292
TI  - [Pediatrics in Mexico. What it is and what is should be].
AB  - The present situation of the pediatrician in Mexico is described and the effects
      on medicine in the country are outlined. The evolution of pediatrics in the
      country in the past 35 years and what is expected in the future if the actual
      structure is not changed are discussed. What a real pediatrician should be is
      defined and solutions are offered to solve the problem.

PMID- 1212293
TI  - [Infectious hepatitis. I. Presence of HBs antigen].
AB  - A prospective study in 268 patients of different pediatric ages affected with
      icteric hepatitis is presented, with a longitudinal follow-up of one year
      minimum. Different types of clinical evolution are described and related to the
      presence of HBs antigen. In 34 of the 268 patients HBs antigen was positive; in
      20 of 28 patients with acute and long evolution, positivity of the antigen was
      transitory with an average of 46 days; in the remaining 8 of 28 patients it
      extended from 6 months to less than 2 years. The presence of HBs antigen is a
      risk that may be correlated with the tendency to extend the prolonged.

PMID- 1212294
TI  - [Vascular rings].
AB  - Anomalies in the development of aortic arches may cause the formation of a
      vascular ring around trachea and esophagus, responsible for compression symptoms.
      The most frequently found vascular rings are the double aortic arch, the right
      arch with left ligament and the retroesophageal right subclavian artery. The
      diagnosis is established by means of contrast esophagogram. Surgery is usually
      done through a left posterolateral thoracotomy to dissect widely the
      retroesophageal area, after liberating the obstruction by section of a secondary
      vessel. Three cases are reported to illustrate the most frequent types of
      vascular rings and their management.

PMID- 1212295
TI  - [Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (hiatal hernia) in pediatric age].
AB  - Forty nine pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux were studied
      retrospectively; this is a 4 years experience of Hospital del Nino, IMAN. All of
      them were treated in the same manner, which included barium gastrointestinal
      series, esophagoscopy, gastric secretion test. Nissen's funduplication was
      performed in all of them, plus gastrostomy in those cases having esophageal
      stenosis. Preoperatively, eight out of every ten patients had stenosis. From the
      entire series, one patient died. All of them were relieved from their
      gastroesophageal reflux. By the ninth day following operation, one patient
      suffered a gastric perforation. The authors make special considerations
      concerning the high number of cases per year, as compared with other series.
      Nissen's funduplication proved very efficient to prevent gastroesophageal reflux.

PMID- 1212296
TI  - [The child with learning problems].
AB  - Learning problems seem to have increased in the last decades in approximately 10%
      of the school population during the first school years. There are many causes but
      one of the most common are obstetric problems; also immaturity of the child
      because of this environment respresented in the lack of integration of his self
      and of his spatial concepts. Not every child who does not learn to read is
      dyslexic. To establish this diagnosis a complete examination that shows
      alterations in all areas of perception is necessary. These problems can be
      prevented with adequate management, starting with prenatal consultation and later
      on when children attend nursery school. Through games and pedagogic exercises,
      children will have a chance to integrate their perceptual functions and their
      speech, which is absolutely necessary for their learning to read and write.

PMID- 1212297
TI  - [Atopic neurodermatitis, basic concepts in pediatrics].
AB  - Atopic neurodermatitis (AND) is the first or second most frequent skin diseases
      in childhood. It represented 15% of all skin diseases seen at the Hospital del
      Nino, IMAN. The clinical and epidemiologic aspects of AND, the different
      hypothesis of its pathogenesis, management and treatment are discussed. The
      importance of emotional factors in AND have been over stressed, resulting in
      therapeutic abuses of psychyatric drugs and psychotherapy.

PMID- 1212298
TI  - [Adoerse effects by the administration of salicylates].
AB  - Two cases that illustrate one of the side-effects of salicylates are presented.
      Both cases manifested as non thrombocytopenic purpura. Indications and
      contraindications for the use of salicylates are described. Emphasis is made not
      to use them as analgesics or antipyretics in cases with congential or acquired
      defects in the coagulation mechanism. Other side-effects of salicylates are
      described.

PMID- 1212299
TI  - [Schooling of hospitalized children].
AB  - The patients in IMAN's Children Hospital are treated integrally. The Service of
      School Education is in charge of teaching the children according to their school
      level. At the same time, this service tries to give children an emotional
      balance, stimulating them through games and working together. Such activities are
      carried out with professional staff belonging to different fields in pedagogy.

PMID- 1212300
TI  - [The Temascalcingo health plan].

PMID- 1212301
TI  - [Phosphorylation of the acid proteins of chromatin in hepatocytes of
      thyroidectomized rats treated with 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine].

PMID- 1212302
TI  - [Biological measurements on humans as indices of exposure to trichloroethylene.
      Preliminary note].

PMID- 1212303
TI  - [Significance of initial latency in the electroretinographic response of some
      mutant strains of Musca domestica L].

PMID- 1212304
TI  - [The problem of fecal elimination of hepatitis B antigen studied in the light of
      the presence of an intestinal inhibitor].

PMID- 1212305
TI  - [The submicroscopic morphology of chicken bone marrow. I. Erythroid series].

PMID- 1212306
TI  - [The submicroscopic morphology of chicken bone marrow. II. Granulocyte and
      monocytoid series].

PMID- 1212307
TI  - [The submicroscopic morphology of chicken bone marrow. III. The lympho-plasmocyte
      series].

PMID- 1212308
TI  - [General anesthetics and fluidity of membranes. I. Studies with spin labels].

PMID- 1212309
TI  - [Immunoglobulins of the bronchial mucosa in acquired bronchiectasis and in
      bronchopulmonary carcinomas].

PMID- 1212310
TI  - [Experimental critical analysis of the motivating role of frustration].

PMID- 1212311
TI  - [Preliminary findings on some effects of a punctiform magnetic field on
      regeneration in Dugesia lugubris].

PMID- 1212312
TI  - [Electron microscopic observations on the relations between neurosecretion and
      the cement gland in Dugesia lugubris s.l].

PMID- 1212313
TI  - [Acid phosphatase of chicken erythrocytes].

PMID- 1212314
TI  - [Embryonal globins in chickens].

PMID- 1212315
TI  - [Studies on cholinesterase activity in the rat thymus gland during the pre- and
      post-natal periods].

PMID- 1212316
TI  - [Further studies of the cholinergic innervation of the prostate].

PMID- 1212317
TI  - [Microanalytic observations on monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase activities of
      the human uterine tube].

PMID- 1212318
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins in normal and arteriosclerotic aged subjects].

PMID- 1212319
TI  - On the existence of pressoreceptors in the left ventricle of rabbit.

PMID- 1212320
TI  - [Biochemical studies of bovine hydatid fluid. XVIII. Determination of some
      oxidoreductases].

PMID- 1212321
TI  - [Biochemical studies of bovine hydatid fluid. XVIII. Determination of some
      hydrolases].

PMID- 1212322
TI  - [Biochemical studies of bovine hydatid fluid. XIX. Determination of some
      transferases].

PMID- 1212323
TI  - [Hyperbaric oxygen and coronary dilator agents in experimental necrosis of the
      myocardium in rats].

PMID- 1212325
TI  - [Method of obtaining metal microelectrodes with high ohm conductivity and low
      capacitative conductivity].

PMID- 1212324
TI  - The influence of lipophilic character on the biliary excretion of penicillins in
      isolated perfused liver.

PMID- 1212326
TI  - [The biorhythm of plasma cortisol in essential hypertension].

PMID- 1212327
TI  - [Immunotherapy of extrinsic respiratory allergy. II. Longitudinal study of the
      blocking antibody level].

PMID- 1212329
TI  - [Estimation of time in patients with Parkinson's disease. Instrumental study].

PMID- 1212328
TI  - [Animal stereotypy and transmethylation of cerebral amines].

PMID- 1212330
TI  - [Studies of cortisol metabolism in the Stein-Leventhal syndrome].

PMID- 1212331
TI  - [Influence of propranolol on daily variations in blood cortisol in humans].

PMID- 1212332
TI  - [Influence of propranolol on daily variations in blood cortisol in essential
      obestiy].

PMID- 1212333
TI  - [Mechanism of gastrin secretion in duodenal ulcer in response to insulin induced
      hypoglycemia].

PMID- 1212334
TI  - [Mechanism of gastrin secretion in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia: data
      on possible somatotropin mediation].

PMID- 1212336
TI  - [Blood gastrin response to protein stimulation in duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1212335
TI  - [Beta-adrenergic regulation of gastrin secretion].

PMID- 1212337
TI  - [Preliminary data on the presence of some metal elements by Mytilus
      galloprovincialis Lam. from the eastern coast of Sicily, detected by atomic
      absorption spectrophotometry].

PMID- 1212338
TI  - [Scintigraphic evaluation of the vascularization of the femur head. Note I. Post
      traumatic necrosis].

PMID- 1212341
TI  - [Rapid diagnostic test for chronic granulomatosis].

PMID- 1212339
TI  - [Study of the blastogenic action of butylhydroxyanisole on cells of the Ehrlich
      ascites tumor in vitro and in vivo].

PMID- 1212340
TI  - [Culture of mycoplasma in a liquid medium containing nitroblue tetrazolium:
      proposed differential medium for Mycoplasma fermentans].

PMID- 1212343
TI  - [Interaction of phospholipids with the biological activity of adrenal cortex
      hormones].

PMID- 1212342
TI  - [Multiplication of adenovirus type 18 in cultures of human fetal trachea].

PMID- 1212345
TI  - [The cutaneous granulous glands of Bombinator pachypus (anurous amphibian)].

PMID- 1212344
TI  - [Facilitation of the venoconstrictor action of 5-hydroxytryptamine by ergotamine,
      methysergide and LSD-25 in humans].

PMID- 1212346
TI  - Fluid balance at the bedside.

PMID- 1212347
TI  - Sudden deafness with serosanguinous middle ear effusions in a patient with
      rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1212348
TI  - Ultrasonography and advanced extrauterine pregnancy.

PMID- 1212349
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen in an unselected elderly population: a four year follow
      up.
AB  - Sera obtained in 1969 from 956 unselected elderly persons in Busselton, Western
      Australia were tested for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by a "double antibody"
      microradioimmunoassay. Forty-four (4-5%) were positive for CEA (5 ng/ml or
      greater). Review of health records for the 4-year period subsequent to accession
      of sera showed that 6 (14%) of the 44 persons positive for CEA died of CEA
      associated cancers, 15 were heavy smokers, 2 had colonic diverticula and 1 a
      peptic ulcer. On the other hand, 18 (2%) of the 912 persons negative for CEA
      developed CEA associated cancers. Thus, a significantly greater proportion of
      cancers (P = 0-01) was found in the persons positive for CEA. Furthermore, when
      21 persons who were positive for CEA in 1969, but clinically well 4 years later,
      were examined 2 had occult cancer of lung and colon respectively. However, the
      relatively low yield of diagnosis of cancer from our present population survey
      led to the conclusion that, if screening for cancer were to be solely dependent
      on testing for CEA, increased specificity and sensitivity of test systems should
      be awaited.

PMID- 1212350
TI  - Adriamycin/cyclophosphamide and adriamycin/melphalan in advanced L1210 leukaemia.
AB  - Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide are active agents in human and experimental
      tumours. Using the L1210 murine leukaemia, their effectiveness alone and in
      combination was studied. The combination is highly synergistic in this tumour,
      resulting in a greater than 50% survival rate when the agents used alone at
      optimal doses are not curative. DNA synthesis by tumour cells is substantially
      inhibited and the total ascitic population much reduced. In contrast, DNA
      synthesis in sensitive host tissues is less disturbed. There is no major
      difference in the pharmacology of the agents whether given alone or in
      combination. In very advanced disease the combination is no better than treatment
      with cyclophosphamide alone. The combination of adriamycin and melphalan in L1210
      leukaemia also produces superior results to those obtained using either drug
      alone at its optimal dosage.

PMID- 1212351
TI  - Cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in the rat incisor.
AB  - Three of the 4 groups of 3 Wistar rats each were given 40 mg, 80 mg and 120 mg
      cyclophosphamide/kg respectively by single intraperitoneal injections. The fourth
      group was given 2 ml of normal saline as control. One animal from each group was
      killed after 1, 4 and 8 days. The incisor teeth of all experimental animals
      showed evidence of cytotoxic injury, which appeared to be more severe with
      increasing dosage, to the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the proliferating
      zone of the pulp close to the basal odontogenic epithelium, cessation of root
      growth and relative acellularity of the basal area of the pulp. Evidence of
      cytotoxicity to the odontogenic epithelium was seen only in the groups given 80
      mg/kg and 120 mg/kg. Resolution of the cytotoxic injury and re-establishment of
      normal basal odontogenesis were seen in the 40 mg dose group by the eighth day
      but appeared to be slower with increasing dosage. It would seem that of the
      rapidly proliferating epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic cells in the basal
      area of the rat incisor those in the mesenchyme may be most susceptible to the
      cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide. The odontogenic epithelium may be resistant to
      the cytotoxicity of 40 mg cyclophosphamide/kg. The results may be of significance
      in the investigation of the mechanism of cytotoxicity of this cancer
      chemotherapeutic agent.

PMID- 1212352
TI  - The ultrastructure of N-dibutylnitrosamine induced pulmonary tumours
      (adenocarcinomata) in European hamsters.
AB  - N-dibutyl-nitrosamine induced pulmonary adenocarcinoma in European hamsters were
      studied electron microscopically. The tumours were composed of light and dark
      cells, which, due to their lamellar bodies, resembled alveolar epithelial cells
      Type II. As cells containing lamellar bodies also occasionally occurred with the
      epithelial lining of tumour associated peripheral bronchi, a possible bronchiolar
      origin of the neoplasms is discussed.

PMID- 1212353
TI  - Proceedings: Cell mediated immune reactions against rat tumour cells detected by
      in vitro microcytotoxicity assays.

PMID- 1212354
TI  - Proceedings: Biochemical identification of a protein associated with rat tumour
      and embryo cell membranes.

PMID- 1212355
TI  - Proceedings: Scanning electron microscopy of K cell activity on red cell
      monolayers.

PMID- 1212356
TI  - Proceedings: Therapy of methyl cholanthrene induced CBA mouse tumours with
      Corynebacterium parvum and irradiated tumour cells.

PMID- 1212357
TI  - Proceedings: Tumour antigen in human cancer patients' sera.

PMID- 1212358
TI  - Proceedings: Host tumour relationship in stomach cancer--correlation of
      histological criteria with tests of immune competence.

PMID- 1212359
TI  - Proceedings: Humoral immunity in human lung neoplasms.

PMID- 1212360
TI  - Proceedings: Immune competence in colon cancer: relationship of pretreatment
      tests to diagnosis and tumour stage.

PMID- 1212362
TI  - Proceedings: Attempts to culture human tumours in vitro.

PMID- 1212361
TI  - Proceedings: Macrophage migration inhibition and immunoglobulin production by
      Hodgkin's disease (HD) biopsy specimens in vitro.

PMID- 1212363
TI  - Proceedings: Protection against the cytotoxic aziridine CB1954 by an
      arylimidazole with anti-inflammatory activity.

PMID- 1212364
TI  - Proceedings: Leucocytotoxicity in malignant and non-malignant colonic diseases.

PMID- 1212365
TI  - Proceedings: Cis-dichlorobis (cyclopentylamine) platinum II: action on CHO cells
      in vitro and interaction with ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1212366
TI  - Proceedings: Synergism between the anti-tumour agent cis platinum (II)
      diamminedichloride and caffeine: toxicological and molecular studies.

PMID- 1212367
TI  - Proceedings: The role of alkaline phosphatase in the release of p-hydroxy aniline
      mustard from its phosphate conjugate.

PMID- 1212368
TI  - Proceedings: Tumour inhibitory triazenes.

PMID- 1212369
TI  - Proceedings: Uptake of sulphonamides by animal tumours and the anti-tumour
      properties of triazenes derived from them.

PMID- 1212370
TI  - Proceedings: Hormones in breast cancer patients on tamoxifen.

PMID- 1212371
TI  - Proceedings: Metabolic abnormalities in tumour bearing animals.

PMID- 1212372
TI  - Proceedings: The prognosis following surgical excision of canine mammary
      carcinomata.

PMID- 1212374
TI  - Proceedings: Autoradiography of Ehrlich ascites tumours treated with soybean
      trypsin inhibitor in vivo.

PMID- 1212373
TI  - Proceedings: Uptake of 67gallium by normal lactating mammary gland and by tumours
      in the dog.

PMID- 1212375
TI  - Proceedings: Growth characteristics of a human bladder tumour subcutaneously
      implanted in immune deficient mice.

PMID- 1212376
TI  - Proceedings: Growth of a canine solid mammary carcinoma in vitro and in Nu mice.

PMID- 1212377
TI  - Proceedings: Aggregation kinetics of normal and transformed BHK 21 fibroblasts
      using a particle counter coupled with a channel analyser.

PMID- 1212378
TI  - Proceedings: Clustering in acute childhood leukaemia in Dublin.

PMID- 1212379
TI  - Proceedings: Malignancy in the large bowel, the inter-relations of sex, age and
      sub-sites.

PMID- 1212380
TI  - Proceedings: Oral and pharyngeal cancers in textile workers.

PMID- 1212381
TI  - Proceedings: Repair processes and the response of dividing and non-dividing cells
      to alkylation.

PMID- 1212382
TI  - Proceedings: Decrease in the accuracy of DNA polymerase following treatment with
      gamma-rays and methylnitrosourea.

PMID- 1212383
TI  - Proceedings: Unscheduled DNA synthesis studied in the intact animal.

PMID- 1212384
TI  - Proceedings: Chromium carcinogenesis and glycidal formation.

PMID- 1212385
TI  - Proceedings: Tests of two hair colourants for carcinogenicity by repeated
      application to mouse skin.

PMID- 1212386
TI  - Proceedings: The nitrosation of food amines under stomach conditions.

PMID- 1212387
TI  - Proceedings: Metabolic N-oxidation and the pKa concept.

PMID- 1212388
TI  - Proceedings: Metabolites of benzo (A) pyrene (BP) which bind to DNA.

PMID- 1212389
TI  - Proceedings: The detection of activated carcinogens with bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 1212390
TI  - Proceedings: Isozymes of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidases from normal colonic mucosa
      and chemically induced rat colonic tumours.

PMID- 1212391
TI  - Proceedings: Chemical basis for the relationship between mutagenesis and
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1212392
TI  - Proceedings: Screening for carcinogens with bacteria.

PMID- 1212393
TI  - Proceedings: Carcinogenic and mutagenic activity of chromium containing
      materials.

PMID- 1212394
TI  - Proceedings: Some factors in the aetiology of occupational skin cancer.

PMID- 1212395
TI  - Proceedings: The carcinogenicity of oil mist.

PMID- 1212396
TI  - Proceedings: Industrial bladder cancer--then and now.

PMID- 1212397
TI  - Proceedings: Nickel and cadmium carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1212398
TI  - Proceedings: Asbestos carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1212399
TI  - Proceedings: Urban, occupation and "personal" air pollutants in relation to lung
      cancer.

PMID- 1212400
TI  - Proceedings: Industrial problems posed by carcinogens.

PMID- 1212401
TI  - Proceedings: Alkylating agents as industrial carcinogens.

PMID- 1212402
TI  - Proceedings: Cancer among chromium platers.

PMID- 1212403
TI  - Proceedings: Scanning electron microscopy of leukaemic and lymphoma cells.

PMID- 1212404
TI  - Proceedings: Cultured lymphoblastoid lines as a model for leukaemia/lymphoma.

PMID- 1212405
TI  - Proceedings: Neoplasms of the immune system: classification by presumed cell of
      origin.

PMID- 1212406
TI  - Proceedings: Methods for the study and cell differentiation in acute leukaemia.

PMID- 1212407
TI  - Proceedings: Expression of surface antigens in relation to the mitotic cell
      cycle.

PMID- 1212408
TI  - Proceedings: Role of target cells in determining leukaemic characteristics.

PMID- 1212409
TI  - Cancer and ageing in mice and men.
AB  - In an experiment involving 950 mice with a normal lifespan of 2-3 years, in
      laboratory conditions, regular benzpyrene application to the skin was started at
      10, 25, 40 or 55 weeks of age. The incidence rate of malignant epithelial tumours
      among the survivors in each group increased steeply with time. This increase was
      associated directly with duration of exposure but, given duration, was
      independent of age at the start of exposure, as were the growth rates of already
      established tumours. In our experiment, although age per se was irrelevant, the
      cancer incidence rate increased approximately as a power of the duration of
      exposure to benzpyrene. This shows that the observed approximate power-law
      increase of most human adult cancer incidence rates with age could exist merely
      because age equals duration of exposure to background and spontaneous
      carcinogenic stimuli. Thus, no intrinsic effects of ageing (such as failing
      immunological surveillance or age related hormonal changes) whatever need to
      postulated to explain the vast increases in old age of the incidence rates of
      such human cancers. This result can greatly simplify speculation about mechanisms
      of carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1212410
TI  - Colorectal cancer and consumption of beef and fat.
AB  - Secular, socioeconomic and urban-rural gradients and geographical differences in
      beef and fat consumption within the United States of America are compared with
      corresponding data on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates. These
      results, together with the results of most previous epidemiological studies,
      appear to contradict the hypothesis that beef and fat consumption are involved in
      the aetiology of colorectal cancer.

PMID- 1212411
TI  - Humoral mediated macrophage response during tumour growth.
AB  - Reticuloendothelial (RE) phagocytic and circulating plasma opsonic activity was
      evaluated in rats transplanted with the Walker 256 carcinoma tumour in an attempt
      to evaluate the role of opsonic protein in governing the functional state of the
      macrophage system. Animals transplanted intramuscularly with 2 X 10(4) viable
      tumour cells manifested 2 peaks of RE stimulation at 6 and 14 days post
      transplantation with a subsequent decline in the phagocytic activity over the 14
      30 day period. Increased phagocytic activity as determined by colloid clearance
      was primarily a reflection of hepatic Kupffer cell hyperphagocytosis while the
      decline in phagocytic activity was related to a decrease in Kupffer cell
      function. The initial peak of RE stimulation was associated with an elevation in
      the blood opsonin level and no significant enlargement of the liver and spleen.
      In contrast, the second peak of RE stimulation at 14 days was associated with
      both an elevation in opsonin levels and an associated hepatic and splenic
      enlargement. The decline in phagocytic activity over the 14-30 day interval was
      associated with a progressive decline in the plasma opsonic activity, a return of
      the spleen to its normal size in relationship to the body weight, and a
      persistent hepatomegaly. These findings suggest that the alterations in
      macrophage function during tumour growth may be mediated in part by changes in
      the opsonic or phagocytosis promoting capacity of plasma. Since opsonic protein
      contributes to the discriminatory capacity of macrophages, it is suggested that
      changes in the blood opsonin level may condition the anti-tumour capacity of the
      macrophage system with respect to host defence aginst malignant disease.

PMID- 1212412
TI  - Effect of treatment with the MER tubercle bacilli fraction on the survival of
      mice carrying mammary tumour isografts: injections of MER at the tumour site or
      at a distal location.
AB  - Strain BALB/c female mice bearing syngeneic implants of 2 mammary
      adenocarcinomata were treated with MER, x-irradiation or both. MER was
      administered either subcutaneously at a site contralateral to the neoplastic
      growth or both into such a site and directly at the tumour location. None of the
      treatments effected cures but many of the treated animals survived significantly
      longer than did the saline injected controls. There was no evidence that
      introduction of MER into, or directly adjacent to, a tumour is a generally more
      efficacious route of administration than application at only a distal site and
      there was, indeed, the strong contrary impression that distal treatment alone
      bestowed survival protection more often and to a greater extent. In no instance
      was there a shortening of survival time following administration of MER at a
      location away from the tumour implant.

PMID- 1212414
TI  - Tissue culture studies of malignant effusions.
AB  - This study reports attempts to culture tumour cells from 51 malignant effusions
      using standard tissue culture techniques. Cultures proliferating for more than
      one month were derived from 42 effusions including 24/32 from breast cancer
      patients and 5/6 from colon carcinomata. The morphology of these cells and their
      culture characteristics were compared with that of cells derived from a benign
      effusion. A common cell type--believed to be of mesothelial origin--was found in
      all cultures. In addition, fibroblastic cells were common and smaller pleomorphic
      cells, possibly tumour cells, were found in many effusions. The mesothelial cells
      were often multinucleated and grew for long periods. Although the tumour cells
      grew in conjunction with the mesothelial cells, all attempts at separation have
      failed. These studies indicate that cells derived from malignant effusions may be
      largely of mesothelial origin although tumour cells may also be present. The use
      of short-term cultures of malignant effusions as the source of cells for use as
      target cells in cytotoxicity tests and in chemotherapy assays is disscussed.

PMID- 1212413
TI  - Heparin, dextran 1000 and metastasis formation after I.V. tumour cell injection
      in dextran non-sensitive rats.
AB  - The present study of the effect of heparin and dextran 1000 on the metastasis
      formation after i.v. tumour cell injection in dextran non-sensitive rats using a
      syngeneic 20-methylcholanthrene induced fibrosarcoma showed that heparin
      treatment decreased with formation of pulmonary metastases in animals both
      untreated and treated with dextran 1000. Treatment with dextran 1000 increased
      the formation of pulmonary metastases in animals both untreated and treated with
      heparin and the effect of dextran 1000 was thus not affected by heparin
      treatment. Heparin did not have any direct action on the tumour cells, which
      influenced metastasis formation. The data suggest that heparin acts as an
      anticoagulant with decreased microthrombus formation around lodged cells and that
      dextrax 1000 stimulates metastasis formation primarily by mechanisms other than
      intravascular coagulation.

PMID- 1212415
TI  - A test of several parametic statistical models for estimating success rate in the
      treatment of carcinoma cervix uteri.
AB  - The parametric statistical models discussed include all those which have
      previously been described in the literature (Boag, 1948-lognormal; Berkson and
      Gage, 1952-negative exponential; Haybittle, 1959-extrapolated actuarial) and the
      basic data used to test the models comprised some 3000 case histories of patients
      treated between 1945 and 1962. The histories were followed up during the period
      treated between 1945 and 1962. The histories were followed up during the period
      1969-71 and thus provided adequate information to validate long-term survival
      fractions predicted using short-term follow-up data. The results with the log
      normal model showed that for series of staged carcinoma cervix patients treated
      during a 5-year period, satisfactory estimates of long-term survival fractions
      could be predicted after a minimum waiting period of 3 years for stages I and II,
      and 2 years for stage III. The model should be used with a value assumed for the
      lognormal paramater S in the range S = 0.35 to S = 0.40. Although alternative
      models often gave adequate predictions, the lognormal proved to be the most
      consistent model. This model may therefore now be used with more confidence for
      prospective studies on carcinoma cervix series and can provide good estimates of
      long-term survival fractions several years earlier than would otherwise be
      possible.

PMID- 1212416
TI  - The modification of the renal carcinogenicity of dimethylnitrosamine by
      actinomycin D and a protein deficient diet.
AB  - The effect of a single treatment with 30 mg dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and 6 mug
      actinomycin D (ACT), given at different time intervals (ACT application to DMN, 2
      h before, simultaneously, 5, 9 or 48 h later), was tested in female Sprague
      Dawley rats in relation to renal carcinogenesis; additionally, the animals were
      fed either a normal or a protein deficient diet. The ACT treatment did not
      significantly modify either the kidney tumour incidence or the survival time in
      the different groups fed a normal diet. Nevertheless, there are indications that
      additional ACT application may shorten the latency period for DMN induced renal
      neoplasms or, when administered 5 h later than DMN, a slightly decreased and
      delayed tumour induction can be assumed. In groups fed a protein deficient diet,
      a significantly higher percentage of kidney tumour bearing animals as well as a
      shortened latency period were found when compared with the DMN group on normal
      diet, but these differences were independent of the additional ACT treatment 9 h
      later than DMN and were due to the protein deprivation. Morphologically, the
      tumours were of epithelial and mesenchymal type with a clear preponderance of the
      former type. Biochemical and morphological aspects are discussed.

PMID- 1212417
TI  - Partial hepatectomy and toxicity of dimethyl-nitrosamine and carbon
      tetrachloride, in relation to the carcinogenic action of dimethylnitrosamine.
AB  - The yield of tumours in the liver of rats was increased when dimethylnitrosamine
      was given 1, 6 or 12 h after partial hepatectomy and still further increased if
      it was given after an interval of 24-72 h. The increase was greater after two
      thirds than after one-third hepatectomy. An increase in the number of kidney
      tumours was also found. Microsomal DMN-demethylase activity was depressed after
      partial hepatectomy for up to 6 days in mice and rats. The LD50 of DMN on the
      other hand was decreased for 3 days, after which it returned to normal. The
      extent of liver necrosis produced by DMN was increased at 6 and 24 h after
      partial hepatectomy but was within the usual range at longer intervals. These
      results suggest that prolonged exposure of the tissues to DMN after partial
      hepatectomy played a significant role in the development of liver tumours as well
      as those in the kidney, in addition to the role of regeneration of the liver, and
      that the relative roles were still to be elucidated.

PMID- 1212418
TI  - The effect of an hypoxic cell sensitizer on tumour growth delay and cell
      survival. Implications for cell survival in situ and in vitro.
AB  - A comparison has been made of the effects of the 2-nitroimidazole Ro-07-0582 on
      tumour growth delay after irradiation and tumour cell survival in vitro after
      irradiation in vivo. This compound has previously been shown to be a specific
      sensitizer of hypoxic cells. A dose of 1 mg/g body weight gave an enhancement
      ratio of 2-2 for both growth delay and cell survival in a system where high
      pressure oxygen has been shown to have no effect. However, while the hypoxic
      fraction in the tumour was estimated to be less then 10% from the growth delay
      curves, the survival curves gave a value in excess of 50%. This discrepancy
      probably reflects differences in the response of cells left in situ or removed
      and assayed in vitro.

PMID- 1212419
TI  - Urinary aetiocholanolone in patients with early breast cancer from South East
      Scotland and South Wales.
AB  - Urinary aetiocholanolone levels have been measured in 417 women aged between 20
      and 70 years. The women were drawn from South East Scotland and South Wales and
      consisted of patients with either benign or malignant disease of the breast and
      control patients suffering from no detectable breast disorder. The pattern of
      aetiocholanolone excretion with respect to age and menopausal status has been
      defined in each group of patients. No significant differences in urinary levels
      have been detected between patients with breast disease, whether benign or
      malignant, and control patients. More detailed examination of the 201 women with
      early cancer of the breast has also shown that there is no consistent correlation
      between pre-operative aetiocholanolone levels and factors of prognostic
      significance detectable at the time of primary treatment-tumour size, grade,
      round cell infiltration, histological involvement of nodes by tumour and the
      clinical palpability of lymph nodes. It would seem, therefore, that the
      prognostic value of pre-operative aetiocholanolone measurements is somewhat
      limited in patients with early breast cancer. It is noted, however, that low
      levels of aetiocholanolone are associated with post-menopausal patients, a group
      in which the prognosis is generally poorer than that in pre-menopausal women.

PMID- 1212420
TI  - New Edinburgh primary breast cancer trials.

PMID- 1212421
TI  - Effects on serum complement of normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy and of oral
      contraceptives.
AB  - The complement system was studied in normal gestation and puerperium, in pre
      eclampsia and in women taking oral contraceptives. In 12 normal pregnancies, CH50
      titres, C4, C3, C6 and C7 were increased throughout pregnancy; the serum
      concentration of C1 inhibitor was decreased in the last 2 quarters but greatly
      raised after delivery. Oral oestrogen-progestogen contraceptives also raised C3
      but in contrast to pregnancy lowered CH50,   C6 and C7. The different effects of
      pregnancy and of oral contraceptives may be due to materno-foetal immune
      reactions. In 9 patients with pre-eclamplsia, complement levels showed a wider
      scatter and a significantly higher C3 level than in normal pregnancy. Conversion
      of C3 to C3i was found in 2 of these patients.

PMID- 1212422
TI  - Starch dermatitis: evidence of immunogenicity of surgical glove powder in the
      guinea-pig.
AB  - Guinea-pigs immunized by nuchal inoculation of starch glove powder emulsified
      with Freund's complete adjuvant showed increased thickening of the ear erythema
      and monoculear inflammation after local injection of 0.1 mg starch compared with
      similarly treated control animals inoculated with saline and Freund's complete
      adjuvant. The responses in the ear of the immunized animals were most pronounceed
      3-4 weeks after immunization and 24-72 h after local challenge. It is suggested
      that the inflammatory response in the immunized guinea-pig has 2 components:
      reaction to a primary irritant in the glove powder and delayed hypersensitivity
      to an unidentified component of the glove powder.

PMID- 1212424
TI  - A dog model of fulminant hepatic failure produced by paracetamol administration.
AB  - Oral administration of graded doses of paracetamol to dogs produced hepatic
      necrosis with some similarities to the clinical syndrome seen in man following a
      paracetamol overdose. Coma, with raised levels of arterial ammonia, was produced
      and the aspartate aminotransferase levels became markedly elevated in 2 animals
      who survived more than 24 h. However, the extent of the hepatic necrosis and the
      time of survival following paracetamol administration were too variable for this
      model to be of value for the testing of new methods of temporary liver support.
      When paracetamol was given by intraperitoneal injection many of the animals died
      of respiratory distress. Significant methaemoglobinaemia was detected, which was
      associated with a reduction in the arterial partial pressure of oxygen and was
      partly reversed by the administration of methylene blue.

PMID- 1212423
TI  - The effects of adrenalectomy and corticosterone on vascular permeability
      responses in the skin of the rat.
AB  - The vascular permeability response induced in the rat by intracutaneous histamine
      or serotonin is noticeably influenced by previous adrenalectomy or treatment with
      corticosterone. Permeability responses were demonstrated by the local exudation
      of circulating Evans blue at sites of intracutaneous injection of the above
      permeability factors, the intensity of the responses being assessed by the
      diameter of the blue lesions as well as by the amount of exuded dye. In
      adrenalectomized rats maintained for 72-80 h on 0-9% solution of NaCl, the
      permeability response to histamine was enhanced about 10-fold, that to serotonin
      about 5-fold. When rats were given subcutaneous corticosterone, 1-0 mg/animal 1 h
      before testing, the responses to the same 2 permeability factors were decreased
      about 10-fold and 5-fold respectively. Corticosterone also decreased the enhanced
      responses in adrenalectomized rats to levels somewhat below those in mock
      adrenalectomized controls. The results support the proposal from other work that
      vascular exudation in experimental inflammation is regulated by an anti
      inflammatory factor that accumulates in injured tissues and owes its effect to
      release of corticosteroids.

PMID- 1212425
TI  - The effect of coumarin on protein and PVP clearance from rat legs with various
      high protein oedemas.
AB  - Coumarin (a benzo-pyrone) has been shown to bring about the rapid removal of
      protein from normal or burnt tissues and from those with lymphoedema, with or
      without burning. This was particularly evident when the removal of protein was
      compared with that of a non-metabolizable control-PVP. The mode of action would
      seem to be by stimulation of proteolysis. The fragments of protein could then
      rapidly leave the tissues because of their small size, their high diffusion
      coefficients and a concentration gradient which was directed from the tissues to
      the blood. In this way excessive amounts of protein would be removed, thus
      releasing the oedema fluid. The removal of non-metabolizable PVP was reduced with
      normal and burnt legs, possibly of stimulated phagocytosis. In the presence of
      lymphoedema there was a more rapid removal of PVP with coumarin; this was
      possibly a consequence of the great reduction of intercapillary distances
      resulting from the removal of oedema fluid.

PMID- 1212426
TI  - A study of the action of the cationic proteins from rabbit polymorphonuclear
      leucocytes on the staphylococcal cell membrane.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of cationic proteins from rabbit polymorphonuclear
      leucocytes on the oxidation of NADH by staphylococcal membrane preparations is
      described. Both cyanide and haematin are shown to interfere with the inhibitory
      process, by different mechanisms. Other authors have shown that glucose repressed
      staphylococci are diverted to a fermentative mode of metabolism. These findings
      were confirmed by demonstrating that membrane preparations from staphylococci
      grown in the presence of glucose have diminished cytochrome and succinic
      dehydrogenase levels. From a comparison of the effect of the cationic proteins on
      NADH oxidation in membrane preparations from organisms grown normally and under
      conditions of glucose repression, and from knowledge of the different
      susceptibility to the cationic proteins of the two types of organisms, it is
      suggested that the cationic proteins exert their bactericidal action on
      staphylococci following an energy dependent binding to the membrane.

PMID- 1212427
TI  - The effect of beta aminoproprionitrile (BAPN) on experimental amyloidosis.
AB  - Experimental amyloidosis was induced in mice with repeated injections of complete
      Freund's adjuvant (CFA) reinforced with bacterial vaccine. BAPN administered in a
      mixture with CFA or on its own before the injection of CFA reduced the incidence
      of amyloidosis. The reduction in the incidence of amyloidosis following the
      administration of BAPN may be due to its inhibitory effect on the oxidative
      deamination of amino acids, which presumably inhibit cross-linking of amyloid
      fibrils or interfere with metabolic pathways which involve the formations of
      mucopolysaccharide formation. It is suggested that the defective formation of the
      mucopolysaccharide-amyloid protein complex inhibits amyloid deposition and
      induces the activity of beta glucuronidase observed in the present study. The
      reduced incidence of amyloidosis following BAPN adminsitration cannot be due to
      lysosomal enzyme degradation of the amyloid as the activity of cathepsin D and
      acid phosphatase is decreased during this process.

PMID- 1212428
TI  - Experimental diphtheritic neuropathy in the mouse: a study in cellular
      resistance.
AB  - Diphtheria toxin administered by direct intraneural injection procedures
      demyelination in the mouse sciatic nerve. A dose in the order of 2 million times
      greater on an equal weight of nerve basis to required to produce the lesion
      compared with the dose required in the chicken.

PMID- 1212429
TI  - Electron microscopic and cytochemical study of the vacuoles of regenerating renal
      tubular cells.
AB  - The structure and acid phosphatase activity of vacuoles observed in regenerating
      proximal renal tubules were examined ultrastructurally. The sequestration and
      degradation of organelles were followed in the vacuoles, which obtain the acid
      phosphatase presumably from the lysosomes, and the limiting membrane of which
      originates from the endoplasmic reticulum. The vacuoles are regarded as
      autophagic vacuoles. Their appearance is correlated with the commencing
      differentiation of the dedifferentiated regenerating cells, which have similar
      regenerative phenomena.

PMID- 1212430
TI  - The clinical use of serum ferritin estimation.

PMID- 1212431
TI  - Chromosomal abnormalities and dyserythropoiesis in the preleukaemic phase of
      multiple myeloma.
AB  - Two patients with multiple myeloma and one patient with a plasma-cytoma are
      reported in whom acute leukaemia developed following long-term treatment with
      melphalan. Each patient had a complete remission of the plasma cell disorder
      during which time the bone marrow was moderately to severely hypoplastic. The end
      of the clinical remission was heralded by a dyserythropoietic anaemia which
      persisted several months before the emergence of the terminal acute leukaemia.
      Marked chromosomal abnormalities were observed in marrow cells during the
      dyserythropoietic phase.

PMID- 1212432
TI  - Elevated microviscosity in membranes of erythrocytes affected by hereditary
      spherocytosis.
AB  - Erythrocytes affected by hereditary spherocytosis (HS), obtained from several
      splenectomized patients, showed a varying degree of elevated osmotic fragility.
      In order to evaluate a possible role of the erythrocyte membrane lipids in HS,
      microviscosity of the membrane lipid core was measured by a fluorescence
      polarization technique. Intact HS-affected red cells, as well as their ghost
      membranes and liposomes prepared from their lipid extract, all showed a
      distinctly higher micro-viscosity than the respective normal control. The
      increased microviscosity correlated with the severity of HS. The data support the
      proposition that the defect in HS-affected red cells is associated, at least in
      part, with alterations in the membrane lipids.

PMID- 1212433
TI  - A computer program for the analysis of parallel-line bioassays of clotting
      factors.
AB  - An interactive computer program for the analysis of clotting factor assays is
      described. The program provides potency estimates against a standard, and will
      compare the observed and expected responses of a treated patient. Tests for
      validity of curve fitting are provided, with a number of optional transforms. If
      asked, the program will provide the user with a list of valid commands at any
      given step, and will identify certain errors in input.

PMID- 1212434
TI  - In vitro spontaneous thrombin generation in human factor-IX concentrates.
AB  - A series of in vitro studies designed to ascertain the potential in vivo
      thrombogenicity of human factor IX-containing concentrates is described. Using
      concentrates obtained from several different Centres the fibrinogen clotting time
      with some preparations was less than 6 h and/or the recalcification time of
      normal plasma was shortened. In some preparations, however, the plasma
      recalcification time was lengthened. Further studies revealed that all diluted
      factor-IX concentrates generated thrombin after recalcification, and that the
      rate of thrombin generation appeared to be characteristic of a particular
      preparation. This characteristic has been designated the TGt50, which is the
      incubation period in minutes, after recalcification, required to obtain a 50 s
      clotting time of a fibrinogen substrate. The TGt50 was found to correlate most
      strongly with recalcification time of celite exhausted plasma (P less than
      0.001), but no correlation was observed between it and the immunological
      antithrombin III or factor-VIII antigen levels. Evidence is presented which
      suggests that the thrombin generation test and recalcification time of celite
      exhausted plasma may represent suitable in vitro quality control assays for
      factor-IX concentrates.

PMID- 1212435
TI  - Distribution of fibrinogen, and platelet factors 4 and XIII in subcellular
      fractions of human platelets.
AB  - The distribution of fibrinogen, platelet factor 4 (heparin-neutralizing factor)
      and factor XIII amongst subcellular fractions of human platelets was determined.
      It was found that fibrinogen and platelet factor 4 peaked sharply in the region
      of the density gradient previously shown to be heavily enriched with alpha
      granules. By contrast, factor XIII, fibrin-stabilizing factor, was found
      exclusively in the supernatant.

PMID- 1212436
TI  - In vitro labelling of platelets: an experimental study on healthy asplenic
      subjects using two different incubation media.
AB  - Duplicate platelet survival studies, using autologous platelets labelled in vitro
      with radioactive sodium chromate, were performed on six young healthy asplenic
      men. In the first experiment plasma, and in the second a Ringer-citrate-dextrose
      (RCD) solution (Abrahamsen, 1968), was employed as incubation medium. The uptake
      of chromate by the platelets was about 2.5 times higher in the RCD compared to
      the plasma experiments. An identical pattern for the immediate behaviour of
      infused labelled platelets was observed in the duplicate studies, and the
      recovery of platelet-bound radioactivity remained stable at the 90% level during
      2 h post-infusion. In these experiments the means for platelet mean life span
      (MLS) were identical, 7.2 +/- 0.5 and 7.2 +/- 0.4 days, respectively. These
      values slightly, but not significantly, exceeded the mean platelet MLS for a
      control group consisting of 10 young healthy males (6.9 +/- 0.4 days). The means
      for platelet production rate (P) at the duplicate studies made on the asplenic
      subjects were 19 +/- 2 X 10(10) and 21 +/- 2 X 10(10) platelets per day,
      respectively, and did not differ from the mean for P obtained in the control
      group (22 +/- 2 X 10(10).

PMID- 1212437
TI  - Ferrokinetics and erythropoiesis in man: the measurement of effective
      erythropoiesis, ineffective erythropoiesis and red cell lifespan using 59Fe.
AB  - Existing ferrokinetic methods do not provide a direct and quantitative
      measurement of effective and ineffective red cell production. A new method is
      described for calculating the daily uptake of iron by maturing red cells and the
      mean red cell lifespan. Ineffective erythropoiesis and non-erythroid iron
      turnover are also measured. The method involves standard laboratory techniques
      but the analysis requires access to a computer. The preliminary results suggest
      that it will be a clinically useful tool for the investigation of erythroid
      disorders.

PMID- 1212438
TI  - Hypocholesterolaemia and anaemia.
AB  - The present study has examined the relationship and significance of
      hypocholesterolaemia to anaemia and to the red cell. The level of plasma
      cholesterol is closely related to haematocrit levels both initially and
      throughout the course of the anaemias associated with hypocholesterolaemia. The
      association is maintained, regardless of the cause of the haematocrit change,
      i.e. transfusion or response to treatment. Hypocholesterolaemia does not affect
      the red cell, i.e. its survival, cholesterol concentration or osmotic fragility
      and occurs in a diverse group of anaemias. As such, it is not causally related to
      anaemia. The changes in plasma cholesterol are most likely related to its
      'redistribution' or to plasma 'dilution', with contributory factors occurring.
      The presence of anaemia, even to a modest degree, would be important to consider
      when comparing cholesterol levels between groups of individuals.

PMID- 1212439
TI  - [From ilial contents to fecal matter: mechanisms and controls].

PMID- 1212440
TI  - [Protein composition of meconium and stools of patients with mucoviscidosis and
      of normal subjects].

PMID- 1212441
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of monolayer hepatocytes in adult rat cultures in the
      presence of hydrocortisone hemisuccinate].

PMID- 1212442
TI  - [Study of gastric mucosa secretion in duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1212444
TI  - [Post-mortem decay of rat skeletal muscle polysomes].
AB  - Post-mortem changes of cytoplasmic RNP particles from rat skeletal muscles are
      studied using sucrose density gradient. The polysome destruction is found to
      beign within 1-2 hours after the animal death. However, a part of polysomes
      turned to be stable at least within 48-60 hours after the death. These polysomes
      incorporated 14C-leucine into acid insoluble fraction in cell-free system and
      were decomposited by RNase treatment (10 mkg/ml). The data suggest that within 24
      48 hours of the after-death destruction the decay begins to free monoribosomes
      while there are still active polysomes in muscles.

PMID- 1212443
TI  - [Cytochromes b in submitochondrial particles from beef heart in the presence of
      redox succinate/fumarate buffer].
AB  - Aerobic red-ox titration of cytochromes b from submitochondrial particles (SMP)
      using red-ox succinate/fumarate couple revealed two components, one of them
      having E'0=80 mv; n=1 and alpha-band absorption maximum at 562 nm (b562); and the
      other-E'0=-25 mv; n=1 and the absorption maximum at 565 nm. Energisation of SMP,
      equilibrated with red-ox succinate/fumarate buffer, brought about a increase in
      absorption at the cytochromes b region (564-565 nm), which was reversed and
      prevented by an uncoupler. Energy-dependent reverse electrone transport from
      ascorbate+TMPD resulted in considerable higher reduction of cytochromes b with
      summary maximum at 563 nm with the same initial reduction level prior to
      energisation. The data obtained show that energy dependent  reduction of
      cytochromes b of SMP poised with succinate/fumarate red-ox buffer is presumably
      to the effect of energisation on the red-ox state of cytochrome b566. It is
      suggested that the transmembrane electric potential difference, generated upon
      the energisation of the particles, should result in re-distribution of the semi
      quinone Q anion (-Q-) across membrane, thus altering the equilibrium redox-state
      of respiratory carriers, interacting with redox-couples -Q/Q and QH2/-Q- in the
      mitochondrial membrane.

PMID- 1212445
TI  - [Kinetics of the in vivo synthesis of the polypeptide chain; the effect of
      translation inhibitors].
AB  - Effects of aurinetricarbonic acid and cycloheximide on kinetics of polypeptide
      chain synthesis and polyribosome protile in mouse liver cell in vivo are studied.
      Both compounds are found to decrease the absolute rate of protein synthesis and
      to increase the time of polypeptide synthesis. Cycloheximide changed the ratio of
      translating and non-translating ribosomes and different in size polyribosome
      types. Aurinetricarbonic acid exerts no effect on polyribosome profile. Effects
      of cycloheximide and aurinetricarbonic acid on kinetic parameters of translation
      and a mechanism of action of these compounds are studied.

PMID- 1212446
TI  - [Age-related peculiarities of acetylation of rat liver nuclear histones].
AB  - The intensity of acetylation of different histone fraction is found to change in
      postnatal ontogenesis of albino rats. The intensity of acetylation of lisine-rich
      histone (F1) was maximal in 3-and 12-month old animals. The label incorporation
      into F3 (arginine-rich) histones considerably decreased in the time interval
      between 1st and 3d months while its incorporation increased into F2 histones
      furing all the period of postnatal development studied.

PMID- 1212447
TI  - [Different forms of pyruvate kinase from the rabbit adrenal cortex].
AB  - Pyruvatekinase (PK) isoenzymes were isolated by means of (NH4)2SO4 fractionation
      (20-45% and 50-70% of saturation) and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Two peaks of
      PK activity (I and II) were discovered under chromatography of 20-45%  saturation
      precipitate, and one peak (I-A)-under chromatography of 50-70% saturation
      precipitate. PK-II in its properties (two-peaks kinetics for phosphoenolpyruvate
      (PEP), the resistance to effectors) is like L-type PK, which has lost its
      allosteric properties in the process of long-term isolation at low temperatures.
      PK-I and PK-I-A have S-form kinetics for PEP. They are inhibited by L-alanine and
      phenylalanine, and they probably are variants of the initial K(M2) type.

PMID- 1212448
TI  - [Physico-chemical properties of deoxyribonucleoprotamine from sturgeon sperm
      heads].
AB  - Deoxyribonucleoprotamine (DNPn) from sonicated nuclei of sturgeon sperm heads was
      studied by means of ring dichroism. A derivative analysis of DNA and DNPn melting
      curves in 1 mM Tris. HCl pH 8.0 revealed the fraction of protein-free DNA being
      about 30% and suggested the preferable binding of protamine molecules with AT
      rich DNA regions. The latter is also confirmed by the data on ring dichroism of
      protein-poor soluble DNAPn fraction in 0,14 M NaCl. Ring dichroism of DNA and
      DNPn in 1 mM Tris coinsides at the wavelength of 310-240 nm at concentrations of
      500-50 mkg/ml. Dilution of DNPn to 5 mkg-ml resulted in the decrease of the
      ellipticity at 275 nm and produced no effect at 260-210 nm. The effect observed
      is suggested to be due to a partial transition of DNA in DNPn into C-form under
      the dilution as a result of a higher molecule hydration and a destruction of some
      hydrogen bonds between guanidine residues of arginine and oxygen of phosphate
      groups, stabilyzing DNA in the B-form. Ring dichroism spectrum of protamine,
      calculated by the subtraction of DNA spectrum from DNPn spectrum at the region of
      240-210 nm coinsides with that of free protamine and indicates the absence of an
      ordered structure in protamine molecules in DNPn.

PMID- 1212450
TI  - [Crystallin synthesis in the lens of newborn mice].
AB  - Lenses of newborn mice were incubated for different time in the Hanks solution
      containing 14C-amino acids mixture. Syntheses of gamma-crystallin and subunits of
      alpha-crystallin were shown to start at the first minute of the incybation. The
      incorporation rate of 14C-amino acids into gamma-crystallin was twice as high as
      that into alpha-crystallin within 5 minutes of the incubation. The assembly of
      alpha-crystallin tetramers took place after 5 minutes from the beginning of the
      incubation. Preincubation with actinomycin D for 3 and 6 hours resulted in the
      decrease of 14C-amino acids incorporation into gamma-crystallin only. These data
      suggest that the synthesis of gamma-crystallin takes place on both short-lived
      and long-lived mRNAs. Alpha-Crystallin subunits are supposed to synthesize only
      on long-lived mRNAs.

PMID- 1212449
TI  - [Physico-chemical and kinetic properties of hexokinase isoenzymes from human
      normal and tumor tissues].
AB  - Individual hexokinase isoenzymes (isoHK) are isolated from normal and malignant
      human stomach mucosa. IsoHK from tumour tissue are found to have KM for glucose
      10 times as low as isoHK from normal tissue. Molecular weights of individual
      isoHK from normal and tumour tissues are similar (at the range of 112,000
      125,000). The treatment of protein preparation with 8M urea in the presence of 1%
      sodium docecyl sulphate resulted in the appearance of a single band with
      molecular weight of 58,000-60,000 for all the isoHK under polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Intensive bands with molecular weight of 60,000 and 96,000 and a
      number of minor bands were observed under polyacrylamide gel disc elect-ophoresis
      in the absence of urea. 2-Mercaptoethanol did not affect the results of disc
      electrophoresis. It is concluded that the molecule of human hexokinase consists
      of two subunits with molecular weight of 60,000.

PMID- 1212451
TI  - [Purification and properties of acid alpha-glucosidase (gamma-amylase) from the
      human liver].
AB  - Acid alpha-glucosidase from human liver was 720-fold purified by means of a
      specific sorption on Sephadex G-150 and a specific desorption from Sephadex by
      the competitive inhibitor, methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. The preparation
      obtained was homogenous in ultracentrifuge and polyacrilamide gel
      electrophoresis. The enzyme possessed both maltase and glucoamylase activities
      and splitted maltose, amylopectin and glycogen with Km values of 7mM, 7.7 mg/ml
      and 5 mg/ml respectively. Methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside competitively inhibited
      the enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides (Ki=6.95 mM) and did not affect the
      maltose degradation. The sedimentation coefficient of the purified enzyme
      preparation was 5.4 S; in 5 M guanidine. HCl the coefficient decreased to 2.2 S,
      which testified to the fact that the enzyme molecule consisted of subunits.

PMID- 1212452
TI  - [Dynamics of the biosynthesis of native chlorophyll forms from initial stages to
      the completion of the greening process in etiolated leaves].
AB  - The succession of the formation of the native chlorophill forms and the
      development of the energy migration between them was studied by means of the
      comparison of three spectrum types: absorption, fluorescence and fluorescence
      excitation, and of their second derivatives. Quantitatively the chlorophyll
      accumulation in 9 native forms was followed by means of mathematical
      disintegration of the spectra using computer.

PMID- 1212453
TI  - [Isolation of cathepsins D by affinity chromatography].
AB  - The paper deals with the isolation of cathepsin D from rat liver, chicken liver
      and bovine spleen by affinity chromatography. The synthesis of the adsorbent was
      performed using the competitive inhibitor of cathepsins D and pepsin pepstatin
      and activated Sepharose. Application of a pepstatin-Sepharose column allows
      obtaining a highly active and purified enzyme in a short period of time.

PMID- 1212454
TI  - [The fluorescence method of peroxide determination in isolated chloroplasts].
AB  - High-sensitive method of peroxide estimation in suspension of pea chloroplasts is
      worked out. It is based on a decrease of esculatin fluorescence due to its
      oxidation by peroxide with peroxidase.

PMID- 1212455
TI  - [Effect of alcohols on the rate of cholinesterase decarbamoylation].
AB  - Butanol-1 and butandiol-1,4 are shown to increase the decarbamoylation rate of N
      methylcarbamoyl- and N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-cholinesterase. It is mainly due to
      the formation of a ternary complex NEA which is decomposed in 2,5 times faster
      than corbamoyl-enzyme EA. This is an evidence for the presence of some allosteric
      center in cholinesterase which is capable of binding alcohols.

PMID- 1212456
TI  - [Effect of proteolysis inhibitors on the incorporation of labelled amino acids
      into proteins].
AB  - Role of peptide bond breaks in the incorporation of amino acids into proteins in
      a "protein--amino acid" system is investigated. For this purpose the
      incorporation of labelled amino acids into trypsin under the inhibition of its
      autolysis by a specific inhibitor from soybean and epsilon-amino-caproic acid is
      studied. The trypsin inhibitor from soybean is found to suppress considerably the
      incorporation of 14C-glycine, 14C-lysine and 14C-methionine into crystal trypsin
      and not to affect the incorporation of labelled amino acids into chomotrypsin,
      papain and carboxypeptidase. Epsilon-Aminocaproic acid inhibited 14C-glycine
      incorporation into crystal trypsin by 40% and did not change its incorporation
      level into serum albumin. The dependency of amino acid incorporation level into
      trypsin on the activity of autolysis in the "protein--amino acid" system is
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1212457
TI  - [Characteristics of transglucosilase from Aspergillus batatae].
AB  - Action of transglucosilase from Asp. batatae on different substrates is studied.
      The ratio of transglucosilase (upsilont) and hydrolase (upsilonh) activities on
      maltose under the action of transglucosilases from different origins is
      estimated. The degree of transglucosilating (upsilont/(upsilont+upsilon/))
      increases with the increase of substrate molar concentration [S]. The ratio of
      transglucosilase and hydrolytic activities under the interaction of
      transglucosilase with half-products of starch metabolism is shown to depend on
      the concentration of glucose, the end product. The elimination of glucose from
      the incubation medium produces conditions for realization of hydrolytic pathway
      of the half-products conversion with transglucosilase. Schemes of the combined
      action of transglucosilase with alpha-amylase and glucoamylase under the starch
      conversion in enclosed and opened (continuous glucose elimination) systems are
      given.

PMID- 1212458
TI  - Menaquinone function in the respiratory chain of Micrococcus lysodeikticus.
AB  - Menaquinone-9 which is destructed under long-wave UV-irradiation is isolated from
      Micrococcus lysodeikticus membranes. NAD-H, malate and lactate oxidases are
      observed to be inhibited under irradiation, dehydrogenases of these substrates
      being almost intact. Photoinactivation of menaquinone results in the reduction of
      only one from two cytochromes b, presented in the membrane, thus testifying the
      location of menaquinone-9 between cytochromes b in the respiratory chain.
      Reconstruction of malate, NAD-H and lactate oxidases after irradiation took place
      when natural menaquinone (MQ-9) or menadione (MQ-0) were added. Detailed scheme
      of M. lysodeikticus respiratory chain is given.

PMID- 1212459
TI  - [Synthesis of thyroglobulin in the polyribosome cell-free system of the thyroid
      gland].
AB  - Protein synthesis (in particular, thyroglobulin) is studied in a cell-free system
      containing polyribosomes of thyroid gland. After the incubation with radioactive
      label, ribosomes were centrifugated, supernatant was dialyzed against 0.05 M Tris
      HCl buffer, pH 7.2 for a night, concentrated by ficol and centrifugated in 5-20%
      linear sucrose gradient. 14C-radioactivity of 19S fraction (thyroglobulin) was
      shown to comprise about 25% of total radioactivity. The rest radioactivity was
      found in 3--8S fractions. The distribution of the radioactivity as it was shown
      by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is as follows: 27S--11.0%; 19S--14.2%; 12S-
      5.8% and 4S--7.6% of total radioactivity in polyacrylamide gel. It is supposed
      that two successive processes take place in thyroid gland: a synthesis of
      thyroglobulin subunits and an exchange of new synthesized subunits with
      presynthesized ones.

PMID- 1212460
TI  - [The relation of membrane proteins to primary oxidation of higher ri-alkanes by
      Pseudomonas denitrificans].
AB  - Protein composition of enriched with cell walls membrane preparations from two
      Ps. denitrificans mutants is comparatively studied. Mutants have a genetic
      blocking of first steps of higher n-alkanes oxidation. Differences in three
      protein components are found using disc electrophoresis in a system containing
      sodium dodecylsulphate. This is supposed to be an evidence of possible relation
      of changed mutant proteins to enzymatic alkanes oxidation.

PMID- 1212461
TI  - [Effect of polyene antibiotics on plasma membranes of dog kidney].
AB  - Effects of amphotericine B and nistatine on plasmatic membranes of dog kidney are
      studied. Intravenous injection of antibiotics resulted in the change of the
      chemical composition of plasmatic membranes: the content of proteins, lipids and
      RNA. The composition of membrane proteins and the quantitative ratio of separate
      fatty acids in lipids of plasmatic membranes also changed in the presence of
      amphotericine B and nistatine. It is suggested on the basis of the data obtained
      that the mechanism of action of polyene antibiotics in dog kidney cells is
      connected with the damage of membrane structures.

PMID- 1212462
TI  - [Lateral diffusion of the protein components of the respiratory assembly of
      Microsoccus lysodeikticus].
AB  - Preparations with a selectively decreased (by 85-90%) content of NADH
      dehydrogenase were isolated by means of heating treatment of M. lysodeikticus
      isolated membranes. The degree of the reduction of the NADH dehydrogenase nearest
      neighbour in the respiration chain of cytochrome b556 in heated membranes is
      similar to that in intact membranes. It is concluded that cytochrome b556 and
      (or) NADH dehydrogenase are capable to lateral migration in the membrane of M.
      lysodeikticus, resulting in the inter-chain electrone transport. A coefficient of
      their lateral diffusion is calculated (D equals 8-10(-10)-2-10(-9) CM2SEC-1 At 30
      degrees C) on the basis of kinetics of cytochrome reduction by NADH
      dehydrogenase. The electron transport, due to a diffusion of respiration carriers
      from one assambly to another, proceeds 100 times as slow as the electrone
      transport in the respiratory chain. The data obtained allow to consider the
      aggregation of respiration enzymes as a dynamic formation.

PMID- 1212464
TI  - [Effect of growth hormone on protein phosphorylation in rat liver chromatin].
AB  - The regular injection of hormone results in a decrease of phosphate groups
      content in total and non-histone proteins of rat liver chromatin. The quanitity
      of organic phosphate in total liver histone was increased by 17 per cent. This
      result is due to the increase of the alkaline-labile phosphate content in lysine
      rich histones (approximately by 25 per cent) and unsignificant decrease in
      arginine-rich histones (approximately by 5 per cent). The intensity of the 32P
      incorporation was increased under the effect of somatotropin in all fraction of
      basic proteins; this increase being especially for lisine-rich histone
      subfractions. The quantity of histone f1 subfractions was also increased. A
      possible importance of changes in the degree of chromatin protein phsophorylation
      for realization of growth hormone function on the transcription level is
      considered.

PMID- 1212463
TI  - Study of the type of RNA, degraded by polynucleotide phosphorylase in
      polyribosomal fraction of rat liver.
AB  - The type of RNA is studied, which is degraded by polynucleotide phosphorylase
      (PNPase) in the fraction of free ribosomes and ribosomes released from
      endoplasmic reticulum membranes with Triton X-100. Beta-32P labelled ADP, UDP,
      GDP and CDP are found among the degradation products of endogenous RNA of free
      and bound ribosomes in vitro in the presence of 32P-ortophosphate. An analysis of
      molar ratio of beta-32P-NDP isolated revealed that PNPase degrades RNA of GC type
      in both ribosome  fractions. The amount of PNPase-degraded RNA in bound ribosimes
      is 4-fold as high as that in free ribosomes under the same conditions. Analysis
      of stable 32P-RNA and rapidly labelled 32-P-dRNA, isolated from bound ribosomes
      after the incubation with and without inorganic phosphate, revealed that PNPase
      attacks the 28S fragment of RNA, which consists of about 370 nucleotides, and
      dRNA having a sedimentation coefficient less than 12S. The rate of dRNA
      degradation is considerably higher than that of rRNA. 5'-RNAase, hydrolysing
      synthetic homopolyribonucleotides to oligonucleotides with free 3'-OH terminal
      group, apparently participates, together with PNPase, in dRNA and rRNA
      degradation.

PMID- 1212466
TI  - [The effect of sugar phosphates, phosphoenolpyruvate and adenylic acid on muscle,
      brain and heart creatine kinases].
AB  - The effect of adenylic acid, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate and
      phosphoenolpyruvate on creatine kinase isoenzymes (brain extract, muscle and
      heart extracts and purified muscle enzyme) was studied. These effectors,
      especially phosphoenolpyruvate, are shown to inhibit in different degree the
      reaction of ATP formation catalysed by creatine kinase from all tissues. The
      effectors do not inhibit the creatine phosphate synthesis in extracts, but
      depress purified creatine kinase. The interrelationship of the creatine kinase
      system and the key glycolytic enzymes (phosphofructokinase, hexokinase, pyruvate
      kinase) is discussed.

PMID- 1212465
TI  - [Purification of creatine kinase from beef heart mitochondria].
AB  - 53-fold purified creatine kinase is isolated from beef heart mitochondria by
      phosphate buffer extraction followed by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and KM
      cellulose and preparative electrophoresis in phosphate buffer density gradient.
      The purified enzyme was homogenous under electrophoresis in agarose gel and moved
      to cathode. The enzyme did not enter into separating gel under disc
      electrophoresis in conditions for the separation of neutral anc acid proteins,
      while under conditions for separating alkaline proteins it produced five
      fractions. The stability of creatine kinase under storage considerably decreased
      after the purification.

PMID- 1212469
TI  - [Thyroid and renal hypertension in rats].

PMID- 1212468
TI  - [A device for preparative electrophoresis in acrylamide gel with axial elution in
      the direction of charge migration and continuous registration of the optical
      density of the substrate].

PMID- 1212467
TI  - [Isolation of chloroplasts and chloroplast DNA from pea leaves].
AB  - A method of isolating DNA from pea chloroplasts (ch-DNA) in CsCl density gradient
      is described. DNA preparations are free of 5-methylcytosine and have a melting
      temperature of 86.5 degrees. Denatured DNA molecules completely reassociate for 3
      hours at 60 degrees C. It is concluded that the preparations obtained are pure ch
      DNA.

PMID- 1212470
TI  - [The effect of cold cardioplegia on myocardial metabolism].

PMID- 1212471
TI  - [Characteristics of the potentials evoked in the pigeon hyperstriatum by visual
      stimulation].

PMID- 1212472
TI  - [The mutagenic action of nitrosoguanidine and nitrosomethylurea in Candida
      tropicalis strain D-2].

PMID- 1212473
TI  - [A method of determining adenylate cyclase activity].

PMID- 1212476
TI  - Electrodermal responses, subject control and delay of aversive stimulation.
AB  - The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different delays between a
      shock releasing motor response and shock (UCS) on the anticipatory and
      unconditioned SCRs within the subject-control paradigm, assuming a smaller degree
      of control with increasing delay. Four groups of 12 subjects receiving the UCS
      with no delay, 0.5, 2 and 6 sec delay respectively, between motor response and
      shock, were run together with a control group not receiving the UCS. The latter
      group was included to control for the effect of the motor response on the SCR.
      All groups were given 20 trials with signals when to perform the motor response.
      The results were that no or very short delay of shock produced larger first
      interval anticipatory responses than longer delays. For the UCR, it was found
      that the effect of shock on the UCR was an increasing function of the duration of
      the delay, when the effect of press on the UCR magnitude was taken into account.

PMID- 1212474
TI  - [The state of the blood clotting system and fibrinolysis in rats subjected to
      electroshock].

PMID- 1212477
TI  - Test of an orienting-reaction-recovery account of short-interval autonomic
      conditioning.
AB  - The electrodermal and plethysmographic components of the orienting reaction in 24
      subjects were examined in a conditioning-analog arrangement (tones and lights
      patterned analogously to CS and UCS presentations in classical conditioning) in
      order to test the orienting-reaction-recovery (ORR) account according to which
      apparent short-interval autonomic conditioning (SIAC) can be completely accounted
      for by an ORR effect. The form of the test was to see whether ORR following
      change from a repeatedly presented forward ('CS-UCS') analog would exceed that to
      change from a backward ('UCS-CS') analog, as is the case in SIAC with CS-alone
      test trials following repeated CS-UCS versus UCS-CS pairings. The results did not
      support the ORR account, although they were shown to be consistent with the
      relevant experimental literature, when critically examined, and to provide
      internal evidence for the adequacy of the present test of this particular
      formulation of the ORR account of SIAC.

PMID- 1212478
TI  - The impact of two different reinforcers on conditioned operant heart-rate
      acceleration and deceleration.
AB  - The effects of two types of reinforcers on operant heart-rate acceleration and
      deceleration conditioning were examined over a number of sessions. The initial
      use of monetary reinforcement facilitated discriminative pre-trial to trial heart
      rate acceleration during sessions utilizing both monetary reinforcement and
      visual feedback. The initial use of visual feedback did not produce such
      discriminative control, but the subsequent use of monetary reinforcement resulted
      in increases in pre-trial and trial heart rate over sessions. No effects due to
      type of reinforcement were noted for heart-rate deceleration. Increases and
      decreases in cardiovascular functioning were imposed upon a background of
      increased skin responding. The cardiovascular responses that developed over
      sessions appeared to be relatively independent of changes in skin response.

PMID- 1212482
TI  - EEG correlates of eye contact and interpersonal distance.
AB  - The EEG of 18 male subjects was monitored while the subject gazed at the eyes of
      a male experimenter located 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 ft from the subject. The
      experimenter either gazed directly at the subject or averted his eyes. EEG
      arousal was highest when the experimenter was at 2 ft and gazing into the
      subject's eyes. EEG arousal diminished as a function of distance, while arousal
      for direct gaze was always higher than for averted gaze, whatever the distance.

PMID- 1212483
TI  - Reaction-time variability, periodicities in reaction-time distributions, and the
      EEG gating-signal hypothesis.
AB  - Variability in a person's reaction time (RT) was investigated in relation to a
      model which hypothesized that the speed of information processing is a function
      of two factors, namely, the time characteristics of a cortical gating signal, and
      the recovery period of the events activated by the gating signals. A total of 280
      RTs were obtained from each of six young adult subjects while
      electroencephalograms (EEGs) were simultaneously recorded. Half of the trials
      were performed under conditions which yielded short, low variability RTs while
      the other 140 trials were obtained under conditions which produced longer, highly
      variable RTs. Distributions of RTs from the two conditions were examined in
      relation to distributions of EEG half waves - which were assumed to define the
      period of the cortical gating signal - taken from the interval between stimulus
      and response. Findings were consistent with the model under investigation,
      namely: (1) the two different conditions produced periodicities or multiple peaks
      in the RT distributions; (2) the magnitude of the time intervals between
      consecutive peaks in the subjects' RT distributions was correlated with the
      duration of the most frequently occurring half waves in their EEGs; and (3) inter
      subject differences in variability of the RT distributions were associated with
      differences in variability of the EEG distributions.

PMID- 1212484
TI  - Effects of warning-signal duration on the early and late components of the
      contingent negative variation.
AB  - Slow EEG potentials were recorded from three sites on the scalp (Fz, Cz and Pz)
      during a simple reaction time task in which the duration of the warning signal
      was either 0.5 or 2 sec. The duration of the foreperiod was held constant, and
      order of conditions was varied according to a latin square design. As predicted,
      the longer warning signal evoked increased amplitude of the early component of
      the contingent negative variation (CNV). These results confirm the interpretation
      of that wave as an orienting response. In contrast, the duration of the warning
      signal did not affect the second CNV component or reaction time latency.
      Additional dissociation between the two CNV components was evident in their
      distribution on the scalp. The early component was smallest at Pz, whereas the
      late component attained its lowest amplitude at Fz. Concurrently recorded palmar
      skin potentials exhibited different polarity and latency from the CNV.

PMID- 1212485
TI  - Stimulus omission and recovery of the electrodermal and digital vasoconstrictive
      components of the orienting response.
AB  - Three experiments are reported which investigated Sokolov's (1968) hypothesis
      that, after a number of stimulus presentations, complete omission of a stimulus
      leads to increased responsiveness of the orienting response (OR). The skin
      conductance response (SCR) and finger pulse volume (FPV) response components of
      the OR were studied. In experiment 1 (N=60), the effect of number of pre-omission
      training trials on response recovery was investigated, while experiment 2 (N=120)
      investigated the effects of stimulus intensity (70 or 90 dB) and interstimulus
      interval (12 or 21 sec) on recovery to stimulus omission following a fixed number
      of training trials. In experiment 3 (N=40), an attempt was made to control for
      possible below-zero habituation effects by training each subject to a habituation
      criterion before stimulus omission. All experiments employed a 1000 Hz tone of 3
      sec duration which was presented at a constant interstimulus interval. Although
      recovery of the SCR did occur under some conditions, the results were largely
      negative. Manipulation of the number of training trials, training stimulus
      intensity and interstimulus interval had little effect on response recovery. A
      consistent finding, however, was that subjects who displayed SCR recovery also
      displayed significantly more spontaneous fluctuations in skin conductance during
      the pre-stimulus period and required significantly more training trials to reach
      the criterion of habituation than did subjects displaying no recovery. Moreover,
      the SCRs displayed by 'labile' subjects on omission trials were significantly
      larger than those displayed on either the last training trial or during a control
      interval just prior to stimulus omission.

PMID- 1212486
TI  - Within mode quality and intensity changes of habituated stimuli.
AB  - Habituation of skin conductance response (SCR) magnitude was established by a
      number of presentations of a short burst of moderate intensity white noise. The
      6th, 11th, or 21st stimulus event was either a pure tone of unchanged loudness or
      another noise pulse of greatly reduced loudness. Mean SCR magnitude to the
      reduced intensity noise pulses was consistently smaller than that to the tones,
      but the difference of each of these response from the habituation curve varied
      with the number of prior habituation trials. The qualitative changes in the
      stimulus produced a consistent increase in SCR magnitude; the greater the number
      of prior habituation trials, the larger the difference from the habituation
      curve. The reduced intensity noise stimulus reduced SCR magnitude below that of
      the habituation curve at the 6th trial, equalled the curve at the 11th trial, and
      yielded a greater response than the habituation curve at the 21st trial test
      position. The response to the tone was superior to that to the reduced intensity
      noise by a constant amount over the three habituation curve test points.

PMID- 1212487
TI  - Time of day effects on extroversion and salivation.
AB  - A circadian rhythm in the biological basis of extroversion-introversion (E-I) was
      hypothesized. Eighty subjects had their EPI E-I scores and lemon juice test (LJT)
      scores assessed at a.m. and at p.m. Results showed that : (a) there were high
      intra-test correlations for EPI E-I and LJT; (b) a significant correlation
      between EPI E-I and LJT was only found for a.m. and not for p.m.; and (c) there
      were large individual differences in LJT scores. It was concluded that a
      circadian rhythm of E-I could not be detected by these measures, and that
      applicability of the LJT to E-I depends upon the time of day of assessment and
      the measurement procedure employed.

PMID- 1212488
TI  - Binocular convergence in man during total sleep deprivation.
AB  - It was proposed that binocular convergence (lateral phoria) for near and far
      vision would reflect the states of visual functioning and that there would be a
      progressive reduction in phoria during sleep deprivation. Six young male subjects
      underwent two conditions of sleep deprivation on separate occasions. One
      condition incorporated a high visual load and the other a low load. Exercise and
      sound were balanced. Lateral phoria for near and far vision was carefully
      measured, regularly, before, during and after sleep deprivation. It was found
      that a reduction in convergence (exophoria) for both near and far vision became
      increasingly apparent with progressive sleep deprivation, especially with near
      vision and under high visual load. The near vision measure, which included
      accommodation convergence, appeared to be more sensitive to sleep deprivation
      generally, whereas far vision tended to produce a greater differentiation between
      the conditions. The implications of these findings for REM sleep and oculomotor
      innervation are discussed.

PMID- 1212490
TI  - Legislation to regulate medical devices.
AB  - The history of medical device regulation began with the need to rid the
      marketplace of bogus inventions which were either harmful in themselves or
      harmful because they delayed meaningful treatment of illness. Since World War II,
      sophistication in medical technology and development of electronic and other
      types of medical devices has created a new need for regulation of safety and
      performance of devices used to cure and mitigate disease in man. The 1938
      amendments to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act gave FDA authority over labeling
      and advertising of devices, enforceable only after devices were marketed. In 1969
      a study by an HEW commission documented the need for further legislation. The
      commission recommended three categories of medical devices: those requiring
      premarket clearance or scientific review, those for which standards could be
      established to protect the public, and those which are generally recognized as
      safe and for which nor standards would be necessary. In 1974 the Senate
      unanimously approved Senator Kennedy's "Medical Device Amendments of 1973"
      legislation which fulfills the recommendations of the HEW commission report. The
      House of Representatives failed to pass their version of the legislation in the
      93rd Congress. Senator Kennedy re-introduced the bill in the 94th Congress and it
      passed the Senate in April 1975. Representative Rogers re-introduced an amended
      bill. The bill is expected to become law in 1975.

PMID- 1212489
TI  - Effect of a memory retrieval task on recall of verbal material obtained after
      awakening from sleep.
AB  - After 66 awakenings from sleep without spontaneous recall of verbal material in
      the report, the subjects were submitted to a memory retrieval task concerning
      this kind of material. In 39.3% of the awakenings we found either syntactic,
      semantic or generic material (the latter never appeared in spontaneous recall);
      differences are found between fast sleep and slow wave sleep concerning semantic
      and generic material. The results are discussed in relation to the problem of
      retrieval and of hypothetical coding and verbal material assessments.

PMID- 1212491
TI  - Artificial heart research in Japan.

PMID- 1212492
TI  - Direct observation of continuous gamma2-networks in Ag3Sn amalgams.

PMID- 1212493
TI  - Chemical composition and biophysical properties of porcine cardiovascular
      tissues.
AB  - Collagen from the cardiovascular system is extremely resistant to proteolytic
      digestion, in contrast with the proteoglycans of these connective tissues. In
      particular this is true for the heart valves, which contain the largest
      proportion of collagen. The tensile strength of aortic tissue incubated at 37
      degrees C declines rapidly unless fixed with aldehydes. Stabilized glutaraldehyde
      gives rise to the most stable form of cross-link and renders the tissue
      structurally intact after more than 4 years of incubation at 37 degrees C in
      physiological solution. Formaldehyde, on the other hand, gives rise to transcient
      cross-links.

PMID- 1212494
TI  - Activated carbons for medical applications. In vitro microparticle
      characterization and solute adsorption.
AB  - Activated carbon is a high surface area adsorbent. Its ability to adsorb
      nitrogenous metabolic wastes and exogenous poisons from blood has been well
      documented. Polymeric coatings on activated carbon enhance its biotolerability
      and make it feasible for use in hemoperfusion devices. The only drawback seems to
      be the presence of microparticles on the carbon surface. These particles may
      become emboli during hemoperfusion. This paper describes a series of in vitro
      tests used to evaluate many commercially available granular and pelletized
      activated carbons. The tests were as follows: 1) creatinine adsorption capacity
      and kinetics, 2) initial cleanliness, 3) washability, 4) attrition resistance,
      and 5) carbon particle surface morphologymone grade of activated carbon has been
      chosen for hemoperfusion studies on the basis of the above evaluations; The
      nature of the microparticles and the approach used to remove them from this
      carbon is described.

PMID- 1212495
TI  - Reactivity of blood with biomaterials in vitro: evaluation of some in vitro test
      systems for estimation of the blood compatibility of biomaterials.
AB  - Several different in vitro tests designed to estimate the degree of compatibility
      of blood with biomaterials have been examined to determine possible effects of
      donor or donor-material interaction. Statistical evaluation of data was
      performed, and adequate data were collected with each different test system to
      render such evaluation meaningful. Isolated examples of donor and donor-material
      interaction were detected, but these proved to be minor or insignificant in each
      case. Data are presented for each of the in vitro test systems examined to
      indicate the number of replicate determinations required for observed differences
      to be significant at the 5% level.

PMID- 1212496
TI  - Histologic reactions of the thymus, spleen, liver and lymph nodes to intravenous
      and subcutaneous BCG injections.
AB  - The tissue reactions of non-tumor-bearing F1 (DBA/2 X C57B16) mice to i.v. and
      s.c. injected BCG were studied in animals sacrificed at planned intervals
      following the injection. No appreciable changes were observed prior to day 6,
      when the thymic cortex and medulla began to show hyperplasia of epithelial cells;
      many of them had PAS positive cytoplasm and some of these cells were contiguous
      with the walls of small blood vessels and large cystic spaces containing PAS
      positive secretions. The thymic cortical lymphocytes showed, on day 6, a
      pronounced pyroninophilia and increased mitotic activity without increase in
      thymic weight. These changes were considerably more striking in the i.v. than in
      the s.c. injected animals. On the same day a pronounced multifocal lymphocytic
      infiltration involving the red pulp and the parafollicular and periarteriolar
      zones of the spleen were observed. It was more pronounced in the i.v. than in the
      s.c. injected animals. The thymic changes were seen only in animals killed on day
      6 and day 10, but were no longer observed on day 14. Beginning with day 14 a
      pronounced histiocytic granulomatous reaction was observed in the liver. On day
      18, this granulomatous reaction was also seen in the spleen, lymph nodes, and
      lungs of i.v. injected animals. It persisted until day 45. In the s.c. injected
      animals histiocytic granulomas were seen only at the site of injection and in the
      regional lymph nodes.

PMID- 1212497
TI  - Left ventricular ejection time. multiple relation to physiological and
      biometrical data; prediction of reference standards.
AB  - The relationship between left ventricular ejection time, and physiological or
      biometrical data, is submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. Methodology
      is intended to attain three objectives: 1) to simulate a controlled-condition
      experiment in clinical research, by using the statistical method of multiple
      regression; 2) to get a wide inference of conclusions, by selecting a sample of
      two hundred subjects whose biological data cover a wide field; 3) to check the
      really prospective value of results, by applying the formula worked out in a
      group of a hundred subjects to another independent group of a hundred subjects.
      The prediction formula of ejection time takes into account: stroke volume,
      cardiac cycle duration, body height, sex, age, pulse pressure, blood capacity in
      oxygen, presence or absence of digitalis treatment or atrial fibrillation. The
      first aim of the formula is to better evaluate the normal relationship between
      considered variables. Secondarily it leads to a proposal for estimating
      mechanical performance of the left ventricle.

PMID- 1212498
TI  - Studies of granulocyte kinetics in normal and granulocytopenic subjects.
AB  - Granulopoiesis was studied simultaneously by three methods in normal subjects and
      in subjects with neutropenia of various aetiologies: in vitro labelling of
      autologous and homologous granulocytes for the study of peripheral kinetics, in
      vivo labelling with DF32P (di-isopropyl-flourophosphate 32P) or 75Se
      selenomethionine, and bone marrow autoradiography after in vitro labelling with
      3H-thymidine for the study of bone marrow granulopoiesis. Three main mechanisms
      of neutropenia can be distinguished: a) peripheral hyperdestruction, corpuscular
      or extra-corpuscular, and false leukopenias (change in the distribution of
      peripheral granulocytes from the circulating to the marginal granulocyte pool; b)
      quantitative bone marrow insufficiency without qualitative abnormality; c)
      qualitative abnormality in bone marrow granulopoiesis with cell death in either
      the maturation stage or the proliferative stage. There is no exact correlation
      between clinical and kinetic classifications, but most cases of post-infection
      chronic neutropenias and idiopathic neutropenias fall into the first two
      categories, and most cases of benzol intoxication and bone marrow insufficiency
      due to X-irradiation fall into the last category. Some of these last patients
      developed an acute myeloblastic leukaemia in the two following years and can be
      considered as preleukaemic states.

PMID- 1212499
TI  - Kinetics of HBs antigen in man.
AB  - The metabolism of HBs Antigen had been studied in three human volunteers. One had
      chronic hepatitis and two were "silent carriers". The HBs Antigen had been
      isolated and purified from the plasma of each of the three subjects and, after
      iodination, reinjected to the same donor. The parameters of plasma kinetics of
      131I HBsAg have been analyzed according to a two compartmental model on the basis
      of the radioactivity of TCA precipitate (TP) and immunoprecipitate (IP). The fast
      initial volume of distribution was approximately equal in the three subjects
      (46.6 ml/kg). The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of IP was the very same in two
      subjects but is four times higher in one of the silent carrier. The total renewal
      time (TRT) was about 3.3 days. Assuming that the HBs Antigen extraction was of
      the order of 65% the plasma HBs Antigen concentration per liter of plasma would
      be 12 and 53 mg/liter fot two silent carriers and 61 mg/liter for the patient
      with chronic hepatitis. The radioactive efflux from the model (calculated as
      IP.MCR multiplied by HBs Antigen concentration) was identical for the two silent
      carriers adn 50% higher in the patient with chronic hepatitis. This increase
      possibly reflects an increased synthesis of HBs Antigen in the patient with
      chronic hepatitis. The cumulative urinary radioactivity when added to the whole
      body counting demonstrated that radioactivity was excreted solely in the urine.
      The ratio of organ counting to precordium counting did not vary significantly
      with time in all subjects.

PMID- 1212500
TI  - [Multidimensional analysis in clinical investigation. Application to the
      pathogenic classification of idiopathic hypercalciuria].
AB  - Multidimensional analytical techniques enable any number of variables to be
      studied simultaneously. These techniques have been described and a few examples
      of their application to biomedical research given. A classification of so called
      "idiopathic hypercalciuria" was made using this approach which demonstrated the
      existence of three possible mechanisms of pathogenesis.

PMID- 1212501
TI  - [The effects of arginine and growth hormone on the nitrogen balance of rats].
AB  - Intramuscular administration effects of arginine aspartate (AA : 0,50 g a day for
      4 days), arginine chlorhydrate (CA : 0.34 g a day for 4 days), potassium
      aspartate (AK : 0.22 g a day for 4 days) with equal arginine base and aspartate
      ion supply for all products, bovine growth hormone (STH : 2 U.I. a day for 4
      days), and the association of these substances, are studied on 6 rats, during a
      74 days nitrogen balance period. Arginine (endogenous STH secretion stimulation)
      produces a greater nitrogen retention with AA (+ 184%, p less than 0.01) than CA
      (+ 71% p less than 0.10). A.K. had no effect. With exogenous STH, effect is
      important (+ 248%, p less than 0.01) but does not significantly differ from AA.
      STH + A.A. and STH + C.A. associations (exogenous and endogenous STH) produce a
      very marked nitrogen retention (+ 282% and + 252%, p less than 0.01) which,
      however, does not significantly differ from STH when given alone.

PMID- 1212502
TI  - Aberrant neuronal migration in the fetal alcohol syndrome.

PMID- 1212503
TI  - Aberrant tissue bands in face and brain defects.

PMID- 1212505
TI  - The face and syndrome identification.

PMID- 1212504
TI  - Origin and relevance of aberrant scalp and upper facial hair patterning.

PMID- 1212506
TI  - Functional growth boundaries in the human and mammalian face.

PMID- 1212507
TI  - New studies of cranial growth.
AB  - Additional experimental data indicate that cranial base elongation is secondarily
      responsive to prior alterations of the neural mass, further supporting the
      functional matrix concept. Additional studies of epithelial growth and of muscle
      regeneration suggest that neurotrophic processes, regulating functional matrices,
      may play a significant role in both normal and abnormal cephalogenesis.

PMID- 1212508
TI  - New hope for the child with major craniofacial deformity.

PMID- 1212509
TI  - Difficulties and problems to be solved in the approach to craniofacial
      malformations.
AB  - Orbitocraniofacial surgery offers great possibilities to some grossly deformed
      patients. It is unlike any other aspect of plastic surgery, meriting the creation
      of a new full-time specialty. The development of a few regional clinical basic
      science teams located strategically throughout North America is suggested. The
      primary aim of the teams should be a broad interdisciplinary approach involving
      basic and clinical research focused on craniofacial anomalies. However, to bring
      all the necessary multidisciplinary groups into an interdisciplinary team
      requires central funding to make available the necessary commitment of time to
      organize a unified thrust of research effort.

PMID- 1212510
TI  - Radical reconstruction of complex cranioorbitofacial abnormalities.

PMID- 1212511
TI  - Lateral facial dysplasia (first and second branchial arch syndrome, hemifacial
      microsomia).

PMID- 1212512
TI  - The building mechanism of chains of spheres in Poiseuille flow--a model for the
      building mechanism of red cells chains.

PMID- 1212513
TI  - Rheological behavior of blood in transient flow.

PMID- 1212514
TI  - Viscoelastic properties of human blood and red cell suspensions.

PMID- 1212515
TI  - Experimental study of wave propagation through viscous fluid contained in
      viscoelastic cylindrical tube under static stresses.

PMID- 1212516
TI  - Some new accessories to the Weissenberg Rheogoniometer: an exhibit.

PMID- 1212517
TI  - High transfer to blood flowing in a tube.

PMID- 1212518
TI  - A model for longitudinal motility of the small intestine.

PMID- 1212519
TI  - The role of fluid viscoelasticity during in vitro destruction of erythrocytes.

PMID- 1212520
TI  - Toward a constitutive equation for blood.

PMID- 1212521
TI  - Dynamic mechanical measurements during the life to death transition in animal
      tissues.

PMID- 1212522
TI  - [Growth rate and natural history of breast cancer].
AB  - Available data on growth rate of human breast cancers and their kinetic of cell
      proliferation were reviewed. Breast cancers are among those human cancers with
      the longest doubling time and the lowest labelling index, however the spread of
      the individual values is especially large. Analysis of the data indicate that
      half of the metastases began to grow more than about two years before the time
      when the primary tumor reached a clinically detectable size. The prognostic
      influence of the delay between the time when the tumor reached a clinically
      detectable size and the treatment is discussed. A correlation is observed between
      the growth rate of the primary tumors and the mean survival of the deceased
      patients. This is probably due to correlation between the growth rates of the
      primary and of the metastases. The growth rate of the primary seems to have
      little influence, if any, on the probability of metastatic dissemination per
      tumor cell. This probability varies widely among various clinical types of breast
      tumors and is probably correlated with other parameters such as the presence of
      an inflammatory reaction.

PMID- 1212523
TI  - [Local and regional lymph node invasion in breast cancer].
AB  - The significance and the pronostic value of nodal involvement were studied in
      patients suffering from mammary carcinoma over the past fifteen years at the
      Institute Gustave-Roussy. An average of eighteen lymph nodes per patient were
      examined by routine methods. In 70% of the cases there was axillary involvement
      as well as in 42% of the cases classified as NO. Such involvement seems to
      proceed step by step from the lower lymph nodes to the upper ones and is
      significantly more frequent when the tumor is located externally or centraly
      (70%) than when the tumor is located in an internal quadrant (55%). Involvement
      of the interpectoral chain of Rotter was found in only 12% of these cases and
      practically never in an isolated manner. Internal mammary chain involvement,
      present 25% of the cases, did not seem to be connected to a median or lateral
      location of the tumor. The number of involved nodes has great prognostic
      significance, much more so than the presence of capsular rupture or sinus
      histiocytosis. The prognosis is much poorer if three or more nodes are involved:
      the seven year survival is about 85% when 0, 1 or 2 nodes are involved, and falls
      to 44% when three or more are involved.

PMID- 1212524
TI  - [Current data on radiotherapy of breast cancer].
AB  - At the Symposium in Teheran two aspects of radiotherapy in mammary cancer came up
      for discussion: post-operative radiotherapy and the possibilities of conservative
      treatment, combining tumorectomy ("lumpectomy", "tylectomy ") for stage 1 cases.
      The place of post-operative irradiation was discussed in relationship to the
      appearance of local recurrences, metastases and the survival rates available from
      published data (therapeutic trials and retrospective studies) and in relationship
      with a population of 206 cases treated at the Gustave Roussy Institute between
      1963 and 1966. The possible relationship between post-operative irradiation and
      immunity were mentioned. With identical wide surgical excision the essential role
      of post-operative irradiation consists of diminishing in a significant fashion
      the level of local recurrences. With more restricted surgery of the simple
      mastectomy type one asks whether irradiation could not replace radical node
      dissections. It should be reserved for the bad N+ cases. A retrospective study of
      44 cases coded T1 NO/N1 MO/PevO treated by tumorectomy and cobalt 60 was compared
      with 44 matching cases which differed only in their local treatment which
      consisted of wide surgical excision. The survival actuarial rate at 8 years is
      88.6% for the more conservatively treated group compared with 73% for the radical
      group. In order to provide a quite impartial result a WHO therapeutic trial was
      begun in 1972.

PMID- 1212525
TI  - [Epidemiology of colorectal cancer].
AB  - Some of the more recent contributions of epidemiology to knowledge of the
      causation of colo-rectal are reviewed. Geographical differences and changes in
      migrants suggest the importance of enviornmental (especially dietary) factors.
      High dietary fat is believed to stimulate increased bile secretion and thus
      provide a substrate for bacterial conversion to carcinogens or co-carcinogens.
      The association of beef consumption to colorectal cancer may relate to the fat
      content of beef. There is so far little direct evidence to support the
      alternative dietary fibre deficiency hypothesis.

PMID- 1212526
TI  - Kinetics and possible regulation of crypt cell populations under normal and
      stress conditions.
AB  - The proliferative organisation of the crypts of the small intestine is considered
      with special reference to the existence, location and numbers of stem cells. It
      is concluded that the crypt contains a minority population of cells at its base
      that are the true stem cells. These cells provide an input of cells for the
      larger proliferative compartment higher up the crypt. The presumptive stem cells
      may be pluripotent and produce Paneth, goblet and columnar cells. They are
      probably also the cells which are capable of regenerating the crypt after X-ray
      depopulation. Radiobiological experiments indicate that the number of cryptogenic
      cells is less than 80, while the results of several experiments on the kinetics
      of the cell populations indicate that the number of stem cells is about 20. The
      stem cells are located in the Paneth cell zone of the crypt, and are apparently
      passing through the cell cycle at about half the speed of the proliferative
      cells. It is these vital stem cells that will determine the response of the
      mucosa to therapeutic agents, probably play a role in carcinogenesis and play a
      dominant role in mechanisms controlling cell proliferation.

PMID- 1212527
TI  - [Immunologic research on human colonic cancer].
AB  - Immunological studies on human colonic tumors were oriented in two ways according
      to their methodology: immunochemistry or cellular immunology methods.
      Immunochemical studies allowed to characterized several tumor associated antigens
      although no one was proved as cancer specific. The most famous of these antigens
      is no doubt the carcinoembryonic antigen of the digestive system or shortly CEA.
      This is a perchlorosoluble glycoprotein which is associated to the apical pole of
      glandular cells. It is found in relatively large amounts in colonic carcinomas,
      mainly the well differentiated ones, and in traces in non cancerous colonic
      mucosa. By radioimmunoassay CEA level was found elevated above 2,5 ng/ml in most
      of the sera of patients bearing a digestive cancer but also in a fair number of
      patients having non-digestive cancer or an inflammatory disease involving or not
      the digestive system. Morever CEA increase is noted in only one third of
      incipient colonic carcinomas. CEA assay is thus not reliable for diagnostic of
      colon cancers, specially the localized ones. On the contrary, this assay seems to
      be of great value in the follow-up of patients operated for colonic carcinoma.
      Cellular immunology methods aim to characterize the reactivity of patients
      lymphocytes to antigens carried by their own tumor. Results obtained by
      microcytotoxicity are now questioned. Migration inhibition of peripheral blood
      leukocytes and lymphoblastic transformation give perhaps more reliable
      informations. The same is likely true for skin tests made in cancerous patients
      with extracts of their own tumor.

PMID- 1212528
TI  - [Clinical use of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determination].
AB  - The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker defined by specific
      heterologous antisera. Elevated levels of circulating CEA have been detected by
      radioimmunoassay in 20-90 per cent of cases of colorectal carcinomas depending on
      the degree of tumor spread. The fact that elevation of CEA level can also be
      observed in other types of carcinomas and in several non malignant conditions
      greatly limit the value of the CEA test for the early diagnosis of colorectal
      carcinoma. Thus, the CEA assay should not be used as a screening test for cancer.
      Repeated CEA measurements, however, appear to be of importance for the evaluation
      of tumor resection and the detection of tumor recurrence. The only localized
      tumors known to produce elevation of CEA above the levels observed in non
      malignant diseases are carcinomas of the large bowel and the pancreas. In
      carcinomas derived from other organs a marked increase of CEA level is always
      associated with the presence of distant metastasis. Therefore at the present time
      the clinical applications of the CEA radioimmunoassay should be limited to the
      differential diagnosis of patients with suspicion of primary colorectal or
      pancreatic carcinoma, to the detection of distant metastasis in other types of
      carcinomas and to the post operative follow up of patients who had elevated
      levels of CEA before surgery. Well-controlled studies are still needed to
      determine if therapeutic decisions based on CEA results can lead to improved
      survival.

PMID- 1212529
TI  - Concept of energy in biological systems.

PMID- 1212530
TI  - Matrix proof of flow, volume and mean transit time theorems for regional and
      compartmental systems.

PMID- 1212531
TI  - Models for cell differentiation and generation of polarity in diffusion-governed
      morphogenetic fields.

PMID- 1212532
TI  - Some strategies for harvesting a single species.

PMID- 1212533
TI  - A theory for environmental systems.

PMID- 1212534
TI  - Observations on the epizootiology of vampire bat rabies.
AB  - Vampire bat populations were opportunely sampled before, during, and at varying
      intervals after outbreaks of bovine rabies. The captured bats were examined for
      rabies neutralizing antibody and virus. In all, sera from 1,024 vampire bats were
      tested for antibody, and tissues from these bats plus 83 others were tested for
      virus. Neutralizing antibody only rarely appeared in vampire serum samples taken
      before bovine rabies outbreaks, and only low percentages of samples positive for
      rabies antibody were obtained from bats captured during bovine outbreaks. In
      contrast, varying percentages of positive samples (including some high
      percentages) were taken from bats captured at various intervals after bovine
      outbreaks. Only eleven rabies virus isolations were obtained in the course of
      this study. In each case the virus came from a bat captured just before or during
      a bovine outbreak. The authors suggest that rabies virus behaves in vampire
      populations the way diverse infectious agents typically behave in other hosts.
      That is, the virus infects many individuals; some die and others survive to
      demonstrate their exposure through the appearance of anitbody. The disease
      disappears from the bat population in time and does not return until a sufficient
      number of susceptible bats have re-entered the population.

PMID- 1212535
TI  - Attitudes toward population control in Santiago, Chile.
AB  - This article explores Chilean attitudes toward the national population's size and
      rate of growth, as indicated by a special survey conducted for this purpose. The
      survey sample consisted of 1,410 men 20 to 54 years of age in urban Santiago, who
      were separated into six categories on the basis of their education and
      socioeconomic status. The subjects were interviewed by 36 students from the
      University of Chile who utilized a prepared questionnaire including both open
      ended and multiple-choice questions. The results clearly indicate that men in the
      lower socioeconomic categories tended to know less about the population's size
      and growth than their better-off counterparts. Nevertheless, they more often felt
      that Chile had "too many" inhabitants, that recent population growth had been
      rapid, and that this rate of growth should be reduced.

PMID- 1212536
TI  - Leptospira fort-bragg isolated from a rat in Barbados.
AB  - Leptospira fort-bragg was isolated from the kidney tissue of a rat (Rattus
      rattus) trapped on a plantation in St. Philip Parish, Barbados. This constitutes
      the first reported isolation of this Autumnalis group serotype outside of the
      United States and its first known isolation from an animal species. Serologic
      evidence is presented which indicates that this serotype may be the cause of
      leptospiral infections in Barbadian cattle.

PMID- 1212537
TI  - Investigation of the prevalence and inheritance of bronchial asthma in San
      Antonio de los Banos, Cuba.
AB  - A survey of bronchial asthma prevalence and inheritance patterns was carried out
      in the municipality of San Antonio de los Banos, La Habana, Cuba, employing as a
      sample 3,295 of the area's inhabitants. These persons, selected by stratified,
      non-restricted sampling techniques, represented 11.02 per cent of the total
      population. The asthma prevalence found in this sample, which was considered
      representative of the local population, was 9.74 percent. No significant
      variations were noted in male and female prevalence rates. The occurrence of
      bronchial asthma is strongly influenced by inheritance. Our survey supported this
      view, and also showed that the age of asthma onset is influenced by whether or
      not the subject's family has a positive history of allergy or not. However,
      patients with a positive history on one side of their family had an age of onset
      that was not significantly different from patients with a positive history on
      both sides (p less than 0.35). Overall, the results tend to confirm that the
      inheritance of bronchial asthma is autosomal and does not conform to simple
      dominant or recessive inheritance patterns. Rather, asthma inheritance appears
      multifactorial, perhaps involving varying degrees of expression, indicating that
      more is involved than absence or deficiency of a single enzyme.

PMID- 1212538
TI  - Results of spraying with ultra-low-volume malathion at ground level in Panama
      City.
AB  - Several ultra-low-volume (ULV) sprayings of technical malathion (95 per cent)
      were carried out in Panama City. Their purpose was to find out how useful this
      ULV technique could be in helping to combat mosquitoes, especially Aedes aegypti.
      Two residential areas were selected as sites for the trials. One of these was San
      Francisco, a district near the shoreline of the Bay of Panama with many
      individual houses and a few tall buildings. The other was El Cangrejo, a district
      further inland containing numerous multi-story apartment buildings and several
      luxury hotels. Two trials were conducted in San Francisco, both involving a
      single application of insecticide. One of these tested the effect of street
      spraying on mosquitoes and larvae left inside and outside of one and two story
      dwellings, while the other involved similar testing of the effects on ten floors
      of a high-rise apartment building. There was only one trial in El Cangrejo, but
      this employed three applications of insecticide at two-day intervals. Like the
      second San Francisco trial, it tested the effect of the spray on mosquitoes and
      larvae left in a high-rise apartment building. All the mosquitoes used were
      obtained from the insectarium of the National Malaria Eradication Service. A.
      aegypti adults and larvae and Anopheles albimanus larvae were used in the first
      San Francisco trial. Thereafter, because available supplies of A. aegypti were
      exhausted, An. albimanus adults and larvae were used alone. The results of these
      trials were very satisfactory. All adult mosquitoes were killed in most cases,
      the only exceptions being mosquitoes exposed to a single application that was
      made under adverse conditions. Fairly high rates of larval mortality were also
      obtained. Overall, the results strongly indicate that thrice-weekly ground-level
      ULV spraying with malathion can serve as a highly effective mosquito control
      measure.

PMID- 1212539
TI  - Cancer of the reproductive organs in Costa Rica.
AB  - This article analyzes deaths and hospital discharges involving cancer of the
      reproductive organs in Costa Rica during the period 1956-1969. The focus in on
      breast, prostate, and uterine cancer, since these three types account for
      virtually all of the known cases. It is noted that while rates of breast and
      prostate cancer are very low in Costa Rica, very high rates of uterine cancer
      have been reported. There appears to be an opportunity for reducing these
      excessive rates, which have a particularly strong impact on those 45 and over,
      through special health programs. The analysis also shows a six-year decline in
      mortality and hospital discharge rates for cancer of the cervix uteri. This
      progressive decline in cervical cancer, together with a rise in breast cancer,
      runs parallel to a decline in fertility rates during the same period. The
      observed rates of prostate cancer was very low, but a progressive rise was noted
      among those 65 and over. Both this time trend and the observed geographic
      distribution of prostate cancer in Costa Rica are in conformity with general
      epidemiologic features of prostate cancer described by studies made in the United
      States.

PMID- 1212540
TI  - St. Louis encephalomyelitis in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
AB  - This report, which describes an epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis in
      northwestern Mexico, was prompted by the apparent infrequency of previous Mexican
      outbreaks of this disease. The site of the epidemic was the Municipality of
      Hermosillo in the State of Sonora. This municipality, with a population of about
      273,000, is situated in a hot flat area which is naturally dry but which is also
      well-irrigated. Here, over an eithy-week period, 51 persons became ill and were
      hospitalized with symptoms including fever, vomiting, stiff neck, lethargy, and
      increased cell/protein levels in their cerebrospinal fluid. Sera from 12 of these
      patients were tested for SLE antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition,
      complement fixation, and neutralization. The results of these tests were positive
      and showed a fairly high degree of correlation. In addition, paired serum samples
      showed a significant rise in SLE antibody titers. Over half of the cases occurred
      in the City of Hermosillo, the municipal seat; the remainder occurred in 13
      outlying areas, most of them quite nearby. Virtually all of the city dwellers
      affected were residents of low-income districts. The rate of hospital cases was
      roughly 19 per 100,000 inhabitants, and the case-fatality rate among these cases
      was approximately 20 per cent. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.3 to 1;
      sixty-nine per cent of the patients were under 16 years of age.

PMID- 1212541
TI  - Diabetes mellitus: a challenge for the countries of the region.
AB  - PAHO recently convened a meeting of experts on diabetes mellitus for purposes of
      underlining the importance of the disease as a health problem and developing
      recommendations to assist the countries of the Region in establishing control
      programs. Existing data on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in different
      countries are not comparable, since population samples are not always
      representative and diagnostic criteria vary. Ten different countries set the
      prevalence figure at anywhere from 1.2 to 6.9 per cent. Mortality from diabetes
      reveals only part of the problem, largely because of registration difficulties.
      The figures that are available, however, show that the situation is very serious
      in several Carribbean countries; that is, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, and
      Jamaica rank first, second, and third, respectively, among 22 countries in the
      Americas. The data now available on morbidity and mortality, expected population
      growth, and probably increases in the relative size of older population groups
      lead to the assumption that diabetes mellitus, together with its complications,
      will become an increasingly serious problem in the Region over the next 10 to 15
      years. Programs for the control of diabetes mellitus should include educational
      campaigns for patients, the public, and health professionals; early detection of
      the disease in high-risk groups; registration and followup of cases and the
      organization of systems for providing comprehensive care. Promotion of basic,
      clinical, and epidemiologic research directed at local problems and seeking to
      acquire a better understanding of the nature of the disease and its complications
      is also highly recommended. Naturally, each country should adapt current methods
      of treatment to local socioeconomic and cultural circumstances, especially with
      regard to dietary therapy, prescribed insulin dosage, and use of the
      controversial oral hypoglycemic drugs. Despite the important contribution that
      research can make to a better understanding of diabetes mellitus, it is the
      health authorities, the patients, and the public who still have the major task of
      coping with this increasingly prevalent disease, which more and more is revealing
      the consequences of its chronic  nature and complications in our Region.

PMID- 1212542
TI  - Cigarette smoking in Latin America--A survey of eight cities.
AB  - During the period 1962-1964, diseases related to cigarette smoking were
      responsible for 20 per cent of all deaths in men between the ages of 35 and 64 in
      10 large Latin American cities, and in the years that followed various indicators
      pointed to the fact that cigarette smoking was reaching very high levels in
      several countries of the Region. In the light of these trends, an investigation
      was undertaken in eight cities selected for their geographic, ethnic, and
      demographic diversity--Bogota, Caracas, Guatemala City, La Plata (Argentina),
      Lima, Mexico City, Santiago, and Sao PAulo. The aims of the study were: to obtain
      a reliable estimate of the prevalence of cigarette smoking in urban communities
      in Latin America, to establish a correlation between the habit and certain
      symptoms of cardiorespiratory and other disability, and to obtain an accurate
      assessment of public beliefs and attitudes with respect to cigarette smoking and
      its relation to health. One of the questionnaires used was similar to one
      employed in comparable investigations made in the United States in 1964, 1966,
      and 1970. Additional information on cardiorespiratory symptoms, non-specific
      mortality, absenteeism, and other subjects was collected on two other forms, one
      recommended by AHO and the other by the United States National Health Statistics
      Center.

PMID- 1212543
TI  - Formulation of goals for life expectancy at birth in Costa Rica (report of one
      experience).
AB  - Costa Rican authorities have finished a national adaptation of the goals of the
      Hemisphere's Ten-Year Health Plan for the Americas and have formulated a National
      Health Plan for 1974-1980. This work was coordinated by the Health Sector
      Planning Unit and was assisted by various multidisciplinary and multi
      institutional working groups. The methodology set forth in this article was
      developed by a group responsible for formulating goals with regard to life
      expectancy--the last of five health-related subjects analyzed, and one regarded
      as dependent on the rest. In brief, this methodology was as follows: Birth rates,
      death rates, and life expectancy at birth in the other countries of the Region
      and in a developed country (Sweden) were compared with those prevailing now and
      in the past in Costa Rica. This served as a basis for projecting Costa Rica's
      future prospects if no changes were made, or if certain changes were made through
      implementation of new programs. This was followed by analysis of leading caused
      of death in the country--by age group and vulnerability of those dying, and by
      probably reductions in mortality that would result from achieving the goals
      established for other programs. On this basis, various alternative reductions in
      mortality for each age groups were considered. Using these alternative, abridged
      life tables were devised, and these in turn were used to draw up a table showing
      the life expectancy at birth that would result from realization of each
      alternative. This made it possible to derive life expectancy goals that were
      consistent with the goals for reducing mortality in each age group that were
      formulated during the sectoral planning process. It is hoped that this general
      procedure, illustrated here with data from the Costa Rican case, may prove useful
      to others engaged in health planning work.

PMID- 1212544
TI  - Detecting the presence of Trichinella spiralis (Owen) larvae in animal muscle by
      automatic data-processing using a digital image transmutator for feeding the data
      into the computer.

PMID- 1212545
TI  - Peroxidation of fatty acids in microsomes prepared from normal and ischemic
      guinea pig brains.

PMID- 1212546
TI  - [Editorial: Respiratory patterns in pneumoconioses (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212547
TI  - Pulmonary function in miners working in British collieries: epidemiological
      investigations by the National Coal Board.
AB  - Epidemiological investigations of ventilatory capacity in men working in British
      coal mines are reviewed. The results are related to radiological category of
      pneumoconiosis, respiratory symptoms, cigarette smoking and dust exposure. In
      summary it was found that dust exposure was associated with a fall in FEV1.0 but
      that there was no further fall assoicated with the presence of simple
      pneumoconiosis. Simple pneumoconiosis appeared to be evidence of the amount of
      previous dust exposure and suggested that this had been sufficient to cause a
      measurable fall in FEV1.0. The extent of the ventilatory impairment associated
      with simple pneumoconiosis was less than that due to age alone in most men.
      Cigarette smoking was found to be an important cause of ventilatory impairment.

PMID- 1212548
TI  - Chronic obstructive airway disease in pneumoconiosis in comparison to chronic
      obstructive airway disease in non-dust exposed workers.
AB  - Many types of dust, including cigarette smoke, cause an impairment of lung
      function. This lung function impairment does not affect working capacity provided
      the dust is not fibrogenetic. Quartz, normally present in coal mine dust in
      concentrations between 2 and 10% is claimed to be responsible for coal workers'
      pneumoconiosis (CWP) by some writers. However the evidence is conflicting and
      firm conclusions cannot be drawn at present. From the clinical point of view CWP
      is characterized by an increased airway resistance. All correlations between
      airway resistance, arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide pressure and intrathoracic
      gas volumes (IGV) in patients having CWP and obstructive airway disease are
      similar to those in non-dust exposed patients with obstructive ariway disease.
      Patients with CWP, at equivalent values of airway resistance have smaller mean
      values of IGV. The relationship between arterial oxygen pressure and pulmonary
      arterial pressure is the same in patients with CWP and obstructive airway disease
      as in patients with chronic obstructive airway disease but without CWP. The
      effect of therapy in CWP with obstructive airway disease corresponds very well to
      that seen in patients without CWP.

PMID- 1212549
TI  - Pulmonary function profiles in Quebec asbestos workers.
AB  - Lung function profiles were defined in over 1,000 Quebec chrysotile asbestos
      workers using five standard tests of lung function, and were related to dust
      exposure and smoking. Close to half the men (44.3%) had a normal lung function
      profile and a further 26.5% some function changes but no definite profile.
      Amongst the remainder restrictive and obstructive function profiles occurred with
      equal frequency (12.8 and 12.2% respectively). Both were associated with
      radiologic asbestosis; both occurred infrequently in the absence of the smoking
      habit. These findings suggest an association between the smoking habit and the
      harmful effects of asbestos exposure on lung function, and by implication on the
      development of lung fibrosis. A similar association has been recognized in
      respect of bronchogenic carcinoma. This experience, in the primary mining and
      milling of pure chrysotile asbestos, may not be directly applicable to secondary
      industries concerned with the further processing of this fibre.

PMID- 1212550
TI  - Impairment of pulmonary mixing in simple and complicated silicosis.
AB  - Two simple indices of pulmonary mixing (helium mixing time in a closed circuit,
      and mixing ventilation) were measured in 274 patients (mostly miners) with
      silicosis, aged 50 years or less (mean 42.4 years); the results were analysed in
      respect to silicosis category and type, presence of co-existent chronic
      bronchitis and ventilatory performance, and were compared to those of a group of
      normal subjects to assess statistical significance. The average results for the
      whole group were 5.81 min for mixing time (tmix) and 62.3 1 for mixing
      ventilation (Vmix), representing 1.8 times and 2.4 times the normal,
      respectively; the results were higher for patients with co-existent chronic
      bronchitis within each radiological category, except the last ("C" opacities),
      but the differences were significant only for patients with small opacities and
      with "suspect pneumoconiosis". Among patients with small rounded opacities the co
      existence of healed tuberculosis (apical fibrous nodules) or of other X-ray
      changes did not influence the pulmonary mixing; no difference was found between
      the three types of small opacities. A slight tendency towards lower values in
      patients with early conglomeration ("A" opacities) allows the suggestion of
      conglomeration starting in "slow" lung spaces. The best results were those of
      patients with normal ventilatory function followed by those with a restrictive
      and then by those with an obstructive ventilatory impairment. The most severe
      mixing disturbance was found among patients with chronic bronchitis and
      obstructive defect with "suspect pneumoconiosis", who are not covered by
      occupational disablement compensation.

PMID- 1212551
TI  - Physiological/pathological correlations in coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
AB  - There is remarkably little information about the direct relationship of
      physiological abnormality in coal workers' pneumoconiosis with structural changes
      in the lung and there are major difficulties in attempting such a correlation.
      The general population, including coal workers, has a regrettably high prevalence
      of pulmonary functional abnormalities attributable to chronic bronchitis or to
      emphysema occurring either separately or together. The pathological basis for the
      functional impairment in chronic bronchitis and possible functional sequelae to
      the anatomical changes of emphysema are not clearly understood, making it
      extremely difficult to identify separately the functional effects associated with
      coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Any study of coal workers' pneumoconiosis must take
      into account the background population. The published investigations relating the
      functional abnormalities and pathological changes in the lung in coal workers'
      pneumoconiosis are reviewed. The relationship of functional change to emphysema,
      chronic bronchitis, cor pulmonale and the specific lesions of coal workers'
      pneumoconiosis are dealt with. There is great need for further work in this
      field, both in the form of simple studies of pathological changes in miners'
      lungs as well as more complex attempts to correlate such pathological surveys
      with physiological abnormalities in life.

PMID- 1212552
TI  - Pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide in simple coal workers'
      pneumoconiosis.
AB  - The lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO single-breath) and its two
      components, the capillary blood volume (Vc) and the diffusing capacity of the
      membrane (DMCO) were measured at rest in 43 miners and 141 control subjects, the
      values in whom enabled reference formulae to be established; in 30 control
      subjects and in the majority of the miners these indices were measured during
      exercise. The main results are as follows: the diffusion indices are on average
      slightly decreased in simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis; both DMCO and Vc
      contribute to the lowering of DLCO, at rest and during exercise; individually Vc
      is more often significantly altered than DMCO; on effort the percentage increase
      of DLCO is normal in coal miners; the data during exercise suggest that smoking
      habit contributes more to lowering DLCO than does pneumoconiosis itself; lastly
      the diffusion indices are lower in miners with "pin-head" than those with
      micronodular opacities: this tendency is more pronounced during exercise. These
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 1212553
TI  - Blood gases in simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
AB  - Pulmonary gas exchange was measured at rest and during exercise in 30 normal
      males (14 smokers) and 43 coal workers free of obstructive syndrome, at three
      levels of oxygenation: hypoxia, normoxia and hyperoxia. The main results are the
      following: a) in normoxia PaO2 and (A--a)DO2 are slightly abnormal in coal
      workers at rest and during exercise; b) in hyperoxia (A--a)DO2 and venous
      admixture are higher in the miners at rest but not during exercise; c) in hypoxia
      (A--a)DO2 and DLO2 are abnormal in miners as compared with the control subjects;
      during exercise there is however no difference between the miners and the smokers
      of the control subjects; d) there is a correlation between PaO2 and (A--a)DO2
      during exercise in normoxia and the various diffusion indices; e) (a--A)DCO2 and
      VD/VT show relatively slight increases in the miners; f) there are several
      differences between the miners with pin-head images and those with micronodular
      ones; g) at rest, (a--A)DCO2 and VD/VT are influenced by the degree of
      oxygenation. These various findings are discussed.

PMID- 1212554
TI  - Cardio-respiratory function in United States coal workers.
AB  - Over the past five years the cardio-respiratory function of selected groups of
      U.S. coal workers has been intensively studied. The subjects studied included
      approximately 10,000 working miners at mines selected as part of an
      epidemiological study of the prevalence and progression of coal workers'
      pneumoconiosis (CWP) as well as selected groups of non-working symptomatic
      miners. The occupation of coal mining per se is sometimes associated with a mild
      reduction in ventilatory capacity which is not closely related to radiographic
      category of simple CWP. Slight abnormalities in gas exchange and lung mechanics
      appear to be associated with the higher categories of simple CWP which do not
      appear to affect longevity. Subjects with complicated CWP (massive fibrosis)
      demonstrate moderate to severe degrees of obstruction, abnormalities of gas
      exchange and lung mechanics that generally relate to the extent of the massive
      fibrosis and result in premature disability and death.

PMID- 1212555
TI  - Respiratory and cardiac function tests in relation to occupational lung diseases.
AB  - Tests of lung function have a number of important roles in occupational medicine
      but the results need to be of high technical quality if they are to be useful. On
      this account, as well as careful supervision and scrutany of results, only
      appropriate tests should be applied. The choice will vary with circumstances; it
      is likely to be made from a limited number of procedures including those
      recommended in Respiratory function tests in pneumoconioses (I.L.O., 1966). Tests
      of maximal and near maximal exercise are seldom indicated. Care should be taken
      over the selection of reference values and of mathematical treatments for the
      results.

PMID- 1212556
TI  - [Respiratory parameters in pneumoconiotic miners in the north French coal
      district (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors examine the respiratory tests performed during a two years-period in
      676 pneumoconiotic miners. Spirography was normal in 8% of the cases; a mixed
      ventilatory impairment, with an obstructive prevalence of variable extent, was
      present in 2/3 of the cases. Pharmacodynamic tests in 353 subjects showed a
      frequent non-specific bronchial sensitivity (34.2% of the whole group).
      Hypoxaemia (PaO2 below 75 mmHg) with normo- or hypocapnia was observed in 379
      patients; hypercapnia was relatively uncommon (9.9%) and occurred mainly in
      bronchitic patients. The breath holding CO lung transfer test was very often
      disturbed, as the diffusing capacity (DLCO) was below the predicted value in
      about 80% of the population. Radiofunctional comparisons were carried out in an
      homogeneous group of 212 subjects. The data clearly demonstrate that functional
      abnormalities were not exclusively seen in extensive radiological forms. As far
      as it goes beyond a simple ventilatory study, the measurement of the breath
      holding lung transfer factor for CO has proved to be a valuable element in the
      functional statement of anthracosilicosis. The polymorphism of the pulmonary
      repercussions of dust exposure explains individual differences between the
      results of the main investigations, and this emphasizes the need for a series of
      diversified tests.

PMID- 1212557
TI  - Pulmonary function in sandblasters' silicosis.
AB  - Lung function was examined in 55 patients with sandblasters' silicosis. In this
      type of silicosis, patients with simple nodular disease had normal function.
      Restrictive and obstructive impairment was present in patients with large
      opacities, and was more marked in patients with radiographic evidence of
      contraction or cavitation. In the last group, striking average annual declines in
      ventilatory function occurred. Compared to patients with classical silicosis,
      these patients were younger and had intense, short exposures to free crystalline
      silica. The pattern of functional abnormalities suggested that restriction of
      lung volumes is a fundamental abnormality in this form of silicosis.

PMID- 1212558
TI  - Central effects of clonidine 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline
      hydrochloride in fowls.
AB  - 1 The effects of clonidine infused into the IIIrd cerebral ventricle, the
      hypothalamus or intravenously were studied on behaviour, electrocortical
      activity, body, comb and leg temperatures, respiration and carbon dioxide
      elimination in adult and young fowls (Gallus domesticus). 2 Behavioural and
      electrocortical slow wave sleep were induced by clonidine infused into IIIrd
      cerebral ventricle, the hypothalamus or intravenously. Suprisingly, sleep
      elicited by intravenous clonidine was much longer-lasting than that induced by an
      identical dose given intraventricularly. 3 Body temperature was lowered by
      clonidine given intraventricularly or infused into the hypothalamus. Depending on
      initial comb temperature and ambient temperature, comb temperature was elevated,
      unaffected or lowered as body temperature fell; temperature of the unfeathered
      legs also rose as body temperature declined after clonidine. 4 Following
      clonidine, but before any considerable decline of body temperature, tachypnoea
      and wing abduction developed; during recovery of body temperature, the wings were
      lowered and applied closely to the trunk and the feathers partly erected. 5 CO2
      elimination fell more swiftly than body temperature following intrahypothalamic
      clonidine in young chicks; initial recovery developed sooner than that of body
      temperature, but eventual recovery was delayed compared to that for body
      temperature. The effects of clonidine were much more marked in young chicks
      studied at an ambient temperature below thermoneutrality as compared to
      thermoneutrality. 6 The soporific effects of clonidine were attenuated by
      intraventricular phentolamine; its hypothermic effects were prevented by
      phenoxybenzamine and prevented or attenuated by phentolamine. Intraventricular
      atropine, haloperidol, methysergide and propranolol were ineffective. 7 Larger
      doses of intraventricular phentolamine elicited shivering, tachypnoea and wing
      abduction; body temperature was elevated, to the extent even of lethal
      hyperthermia. Intraventricular atropine also elevated body temperature. 8
      Clonidine infused intravenously, intraventricularly or into the hypothalamus,
      replaced the behavioural and electrocortical arousal evoked with dexamphetamine,
      by sleep associated with slow wave electrocortical activity.

PMID- 1212559
TI  - Effects of dopamine on sinus rate and ventricular contractile force of the dog
      heart in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - 1 Experiments were carried out on dog isolated papillary muscle and sinus node
      preparations perfused with arterial blood from a donor dog. The chronotropic and
      inotropic effects of dopamine were analysed by using reserpine,
      desmethylimipramine (DMI), cocaine and phenoxybenzamine, and the relative
      chronotropic and inotropic effects defined, the results being compared with those
      for noradrenaline (NA). 2 The effects of dopamine administered intra-arterially
      into the isolated preparations were reduced by pretreatment of animals with
      reserpine both in the papillary muscle and sinus node. The chronotropic effects,
      however, were affected less by pretreatment with reserpine than were the
      inotropic effects. 3 Desmethylimipramine (DMI) reduced the inotropic and
      chronotropic effects of dopamine, and enhanced the effects of NA and nerve
      stimulation; the chronotropic effects of the amines were less affected than the
      inotropic effects. 4 Cocaine enhanced considerably the inotropic and chronotropic
      effects of NA, and decreased the inotropic but not the chronotropic effect of
      dopamine. 5 Phenoxybenzamine enhanced the inotropic effects of dopamine, NA and
      nerve stimulation, but did not affect the chronotropic effects of the amines. 6
      When dopamine (1 to 300 mug/kg) was administered intravenously to the donor dog,
      it increased preferentially the contractile force of the ventricular myocardium
      with a comparatively small change of the sinus rate in the isolated preparations
      as well as in the heart in vivo. NA (0.1 to 10 mug/kg) caused effects similar to
      those of dopamine. The maximal inotropic responses to these catecholamines were
      reached with lower doses than the chronotropic ones. 7 It is concluded that both
      the positive inotropic and the positive chronotropic responses to dopamine are
      mediated partially by a direct and partially by an indirect stimulant effect on
      beta-adrenoceptors in the dog heart. The present results suggest that the
      difference in activity of dopamine and NA between the ventricular myocardium and
      the sinus node may be ascribed to the unequal innervation with adrenergic nerve
      fibres of the atrium and the ventricle (Furnival, Linden & Snow, 1971). The sinus
      node which is densely innervated by adrenergic nerve fibres may inactivate
      noradrenaline and dopamine more effectively than the ventricular myocardium
      through the uptake into the nerve and thereby be less sensitive to the exogenous
      catecholamines.

PMID- 1212560
TI  - Some pharmacological properties of the cremaster muscle of the guinea-pig.
AB  - 1 The tension developed in the guinea-pig cremaster was recorded during
      spontaneous activity and electrical stimulation. Spontaneous rhythmic contraction
      was observed in many preparations, particularly in the tip of the cremaster.
      These contractions were very slow, lasting about 20 s and occuring at about 2 min
      intervals, but different preparations varied greatly. Twitches produced by
      electrical stimulation were similar to those in other skeletal muscles, being
      reduced by (+)-tubocurarine and abolished by tetrodotoxin. 2 A slow contraction
      could be initiated by electrical stimulation using a pulse longer than 10 ms in
      spontaneously active preparations and in some quiescent preparations. Spontaneous
      and evoked slow contractions were not suppressed by tetrodotoxin, but were
      selectively abolished by verapamil. Histamine increased the basal tension and
      generated spontaneous contractions in quiescent preparations. Hypertonic
      solutions also had excitatory effects. 3 Contractions produced by acetylcholine
      and carbachol were blocked by atropine. Those produced by adrenaline and
      noradrenaline were stronger than those due to histamine, acetylcholine and
      carbachol and were abolished by an alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent,
      phentolamine. In the preparations in which the slow contraction was not observed,
      histamine, acetylcholine or adrenaline had very little effect. 4 It is suggested
      that the cremaster muscle consists of striated muscle together with some smooth
      muscle having properties similar to that in the vas deferens.

PMID- 1212561
TI  - The development of antisera to prostaglandins B2 and F2alpha and their analysis
      using solid-phase and double antibody radioimmunoassay methods.
AB  - 1 A method for the production of highly substituted prostaglandin-bovine serum
      albumin conjugates has been developed. 2 Antisera to prostaglandins B2 and
      F2alpha were raised in rabbits immunized with prostaglandin-bovine serum albumin
      conjugates. 3 The antisera were assessed for specificity and sensitivity by the
      double antibody radioimmunoassay method and after they were covalently linked to
      powdered cellulose to form a 'solid-phase' system. 4 Solid phase
      radioimmunoassays were developed using conventional shaking and in the presence
      of sucrose which obviates the need for continuous mixing of the incubates.

PMID- 1212563
TI  - Postnatal development of dopamine deamination in the striatum of the rat.
AB  - In the striata of litter-mate rats the development of the monoamine oxidase (MAO)
      activity towards dopamine in vitro followed a similar time course with age as the
      tissue concentrations of homovanillic acid and dihydroxphenylacetic acid, the two
      acid metabolites of dopamine formed by the action of MAO.

PMID- 1212564
TI  - Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor on vascular smooth muscle of dog cerebral
      arteries.
AB  - Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) had a relaxant effect on dog cerebral arteries
      which was blocked only by picrotoxin, a known antagonist of GABA receptors. Other
      agents, adrenoceptor and ganglion blocking agents, atropine, reserpine,
      tetrodotoxin and ouabain, had no effect on the inhibitory action suggesting the
      existence of GABA receptors in the vascular smooth muscle of dog cerebral
      arteries.

PMID- 1212562
TI  - Tolerance to sympathomimetic bronchodilators in guinea-pig isolated lungs
      following chronic administration in vivo.
AB  - 1 Pretreatment of the guinea-pig subcataneously three times daily with either 5
      mug/kg isoprenaline or adrenaline reduced the response of the isolated perfused
      histamine-constricted lung when challenged with either the same or a different
      sympathomimetic bronchodilator. The longer the animals were pretreated and the
      higher the dose of bronchodilator the greater was the degree of tolerance
      developed. 2 Tolerance was developed to aminophline in the same preparation when
      the guinea-pig had been pretreated with aminophyline or isoprenaline. Cross
      tolerance also developed adrenaline when the guinea-pig had been pretreated with
      aminophyline. 3 Tolerance was still persistent in guinea-pigs one and two weeks
      after pretreatment three times daily with either isoprenaline of adrenaline (5
      mu/kg s.c.) for seven days in the same preparation. Only after three weeks was
      the tolerance diminished. 4 These results suggest that asthmatic patients who use
      bronchodilators excessively may become refractory to the bronchodilator effect of
      these drugs. They also support the hypothesis that induced cross-resistance to
      endogenous sympathetic stimulation could lead to a deterioration of the asthmatic
      state in patients using the sympathomimetic bronchodilators and that this may
      explain the increase in asthma mortality rate. 5 A mechanism of tolerance to
      sympathomimetic bronchodilators is postulated.

PMID- 1212565
TI  - The acceptance of risk.

PMID- 1212566
TI  - Chemical hazards in the home.

PMID- 1212567
TI  - Occurrence of natural toxins in food.

PMID- 1212568
TI  - Importance of epidemiological studies relating to hazards of food and
      environment.

PMID- 1212569
TI  - Water supplies of the future and the recycling of drinking-water.

PMID- 1212570
TI  - Editorial: Health care finance.

PMID- 1212571
TI  - Editorial: Academic general practice.

PMID- 1212572
TI  - Editorial: Dyslexia.

PMID- 1212573
TI  - Editorial: Differential diagnosis of the hepatic porphyrias.

PMID- 1212574
TI  - Editorial: Vesicoureteral reflux and its familial distribution.

PMID- 1212575
TI  - Hydatid cysts in pancreas.

PMID- 1212576
TI  - Unilateral renal vein thrombosis and nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 1212577
TI  - Heerfordt's syndrome in two sisters.

PMID- 1212578
TI  - Tear fluid lysozyme concentration: guide to practolol toxicity.

PMID- 1212579
TI  - Guillain-Barre syndrome in acute HBs Ag-positive hepatitis.

PMID- 1212580
TI  - Insidious endocarditis caused by Chlamydia psittaci.

PMID- 1212581
TI  - Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and posture and venous compression.

PMID- 1212582
TI  - Five separate malignancies in one patient all apparently successfully treated.

PMID- 1212583
TI  - Incidence of protein-losing enteropathy in primary lymphoedema using chromium-51
      chloride technique.

PMID- 1212584
TI  - Residual biliary calculi: dispersal by irrigation of common bile duct.

PMID- 1212585
TI  - Influence of age on serum prolactin levels in women and men.

PMID- 1212587
TI  - The value of a university department of general practice.

PMID- 1212586
TI  - Ischaemic brain damage of cerebral perfusion failure type after treatment of
      severe hypertension.

PMID- 1212588
TI  - Changes in attitudes and expectations.

PMID- 1212589
TI  - Letter: Information contained in drug advertisements.

PMID- 1212590
TI  - Letter: What are haemorrhoids?

PMID- 1212591
TI  - Letter: Whooping-cough vaccination.

PMID- 1212592
TI  - Letter: Acute rhabodomyolysis and renal failure after injection of peanut oil.

PMID- 1212593
TI  - Letter: Salt overdose.

PMID- 1212594
TI  - Letter: Fluoride and bones.

PMID- 1212595
TI  - Letter: Measuring blood pressure.

PMID- 1212596
TI  - Letter: Nutritional protein needs.

PMID- 1212597
TI  - Letter: Penicillamine therapy, antistriational antibody, and myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1212598
TI  - Letter: Low protein diets in chronic renal failure.

PMID- 1212599
TI  - Letter: Laparoscopy explosion hazards with nitrous oxide.

PMID- 1212600
TI  - Letter: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis in Britain.

PMID- 1212601
TI  - Toxocara canis and other nematodes transmitted from dogs to man.

PMID- 1212602
TI  - Impressions of veterinary education and the practice of veterinary medicine in
      China.

PMID- 1212603
TI  - Dry cow therapy: a comparative field trial using benzathine cloxacillin and
      erythromycin.

PMID- 1212604
TI  - Studies of neonatal calf diarrhoea. III. Water balance studies in neonatal
      salmonellosis.

PMID- 1212605
TI  - Studies on imidocarb dihydrochloride in experimental Babesia bigemina infection
      in calves.

PMID- 1212607
TI  - The barriers to interspecific hybridization in domestic and laboratory mammals.
      I. Gametic isolation and hybrid inviability.

PMID- 1212606
TI  - A Salmonella california contamination of a turkey feed concentrate.

PMID- 1212609
TI  - Peliosis hepatis in a cat.

PMID- 1212608
TI  - Food intake regulation in pigs. V. The influence of dietary amino acid pattern on
      free choice selection in pigs.

PMID- 1212611
TI  - A comparison of indirect hemagglutination tests and serum agglutination tests for
      the serological diagnosis of Salmonella dublin infection in cattle.

PMID- 1212610
TI  - Plaque assay and characteristics of strains of bovine ephemeral fever virus in
      Vero cells.

PMID- 1212612
TI  - Twin pregnancy in cattle established by non-surgical egg transfer.

PMID- 1212613
TI  - Experimental Hammondia hammondi infection in dogs.

PMID- 1212614
TI  - An apparent reduction in the incidence of milk fever achieved by regulation of
      the dietary intake of calcium and phosphorus.

PMID- 1212615
TI  - Alteration in escape responding in the cat. A lesion and degeneration and
      comparison following stimulation studies.
AB  - 15 cats were trained to cross a hurdle in a shuttle box when stimulated through a
      single bipolar electrode chronically implanted in the subthalamic, mesencephalic
      and most rostral pontine tegmentum. A lesion was then made through one or both
      electrode poles. Upon recovery, three patterns of response emerged: (1) crossing
      with higher threshold or longer latencies; (2) no crossing, or (3) no change in
      crossing. The response pattern correlated with the anatomic findings. The nine
      animals that crossed before but not after the lesion, showed either lesions or
      heavy axonal and terminal degeneration in the H2 field.

PMID- 1212616
TI  - Variation in form of the pyramidal tract and its relationship to digital
      dexterity.
AB  - A morphometric analysis of the pyramidal tract's relation to digital dexterity
      was performed on data from 69 mammals. The results show that the variation in
      digital dexterity among mammals corresponds most closely to the variation in
      place of termination of pyramidal tract fibers within the spinal cord,
      corresponds less closely to the variation in the size of the tract itself and its
      constituent fibers, and does not correspond reliably with any other feature yet
      reported. Since the termination of pyramidal tract fibers on or very near spinal
      motor neurons is a prerequisite even for the peculiar kind of dexterity seen in
      some non-primates (e.g., raccoon, kinkajou), this one feature alone seems to be a
      critical factor.

PMID- 1212617
TI  - [Morphological and functional elements in the description of chronic obstructive
      bronchiolopathies].

PMID- 1212618
TI  - [Bronchial lesions in primary sarcoma of the lung].

PMID- 1212619
TI  - [Epidemiological studies of chronic bronchitis in iron-industry workers:
      methodology and preliminary results].

PMID- 1212620
TI  - [Benign tumors of the trachea and bronchi].

PMID- 1212622
TI  - [Drug abuse].

PMID- 1212621
TI  - [Congenital bronchiectasis (bronchiectasis due to prenatal malformative
      factors)].

PMID- 1212623
TI  - [Individual variations in the response to drugs in pathological conditions].

PMID- 1212624
TI  - [Present limitations of antibiotic therapy].

PMID- 1212625
TI  - Antigenic structure of wild Clostridium perfringens strain type A and its
      mutants.

PMID- 1212627
TI  - Influence of electromagnetic field on circadian rhythm of locomotor activity in
      chickens.

PMID- 1212626
TI  - Immunochemical investigations on Sphaerophorus funduliformis endotoxins.

PMID- 1212628
TI  - Reaction to cold in immobilized rats.

PMID- 1212629
TI  - Metabolic changes during prolonged immobilization of rats. Role of
      catecholamines.

PMID- 1212630
TI  - The oxytocin-inactivating activity of the rabbit testes homogenates.

PMID- 1212631
TI  - The metabolism of labeled parathyroid hormone. VII Attempts to modify hormone
      deposition.
AB  - Using a 125I-labeled parathyroid hormone with apparently full biological
      activity, a series of experiments was performed on rats to determine the effects
      of several physiological parameters on the deposition and metabolism of the
      hormone in the target tissues, liver, kidney and bone. Among the variables
      studied were: systemic phosphate levels, systemic calcium levels, calcitonin
      administration, pregnancy, and dosage (at low levels). Some small variations in
      deposition and tissue metabolism of the hormone were observed but the invariance
      of the pattern of deposition and the rapid automatic destruction by target
      tissues was most impressive.

PMID- 1212632
TI  - Osteogenesis by chondrocytes from growth cartilage of rat rib.
AB  - Chondrocytes were isolated from growth and resting cartilage of rat rib and
      cultivated in vitro. The cultivated chondrocytes were placed in Millipore
      diffusion chambers, which were then implanted into the abdominal cavities of rats
      for several weeks and prepared for histological analysis. The results indicate
      that growth cartilage cells have a remarkable osteogenic potential, even after
      cultivation in vitro, whereas resting cartilage cells show no osteogenic
      activity. However, growth cartilage cells alone do not form new bone but require
      the participation of certain host cells to initiate osteogenic differentiation.

PMID- 1212633
TI  - Effect of phospholipids on the transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate to
      hydroxapatite in vitro.
AB  - The conversion of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to crystalline hydroxyapatite
      (HA) was studied in vitro in the presence or absence of phosphatidyl serine (PS)
      and other phospholipids. ACP transformation and HA crystal growth were monitored
      by electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction,
      and by measuring supernatant calcium and phosphate. PS, and other acidic
      phospholipids, had a significant stablizing effect on ACP. With performed ACP at
      ratios of only 1 lipid molecule per 30-50 Ca atoms, PS markedly delayed HA
      crystal formation. When PS was present during ACP precipitation, inhibition of
      conversion to HA was less pronounced, but crystal habit and aggregation were
      greatly altered resulting in stacks of thin, membrane-like sheets approximately
      38-42 A thick. PS appeared to be most effective in blocking ACP to HA conversion
      when oriented primarily on the surface; it most affected subsequent crystal
      formation when distributed throughout the amorphous precursor. Phospholipids
      possessing anionic, and hence Ca-binding properties, were effective in
      stabilizing ACP; neutral zwitterion lipids, which have amphipathic properties but
      do not bind Ca, were not. In view of the presence of anionic lipids in matrix
      vesicles and their association with early mineral deposits, the current findings
      add further evidence that lipids may play a role in the control of normal
      mineralization in vivo.

PMID- 1212634
TI  - [Transfer of 45Ca during amelogenesis studied by autoradiography and electron
      microscopy].
AB  - 45Ca transfer through the stratum intermedium and the secreting ameloblasts
      towards enamel has been studied by quantitative electron microscopical
      autoradiography in tooth-germs of newborn cats following intravenous injection of
      the isotope. Two transfer pathways were demonstrated. The relatively more
      important direct path passed through the stratum intermedium and ameloblast
      intercellular spaces and reached the enamel directly. The second pathway
      consisted in an intracellular transfer through the ameloblasts. 45Ca penetrated
      the cell through its basal pole. The mitochondria were the most highly labeled
      organelles at the different experimental time intervals studied. A maximum of
      radioactivity was respectively noticed at 30 min and 1 h in the endoplasmic
      reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. A total absence of silver grains was noted
      over the secretory ameloblastic bodies. At 6 h, the highest labeling was observed
      over enamel and especailly over the inner enamel along the enameldentin junction.

PMID- 1212636
TI  - Distribution of the avian hematozoa of North America.

PMID- 1212635
TI  - The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the electrical conductivity of human bone.
AB  - The electrical conductivity of intact bone, collagen and apatite mineral was
      determined in the region of moderately high fields. After exposure to ultraviolet
      (UV) radiation the conductivity of the specimens was redetermined. Following
      exposure marked decreases in electrical conductivity occurred in all specimens.
      The possible modes of interaction of UV radiation with bone are discussed. It is
      suggested that protonic conduction may be an important mode of charge transport
      in bone.

PMID- 1212637
TI  - Larval development of the rodent botfly, Cuterebra tenebrosa, in bushy-tailed
      wood rats and its relationship to pupal diapause.

PMID- 1212638
TI  - Migration, development, and condition of Trichobilharzia ocellata (Trematoda:
      Schistosomatidae) in homologous challenge infections.

PMID- 1212639
TI  - Variations in the pituitary-interrenal axis and the abundance of circulating
      blood-cell types in juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, during stream
      residence.

PMID- 1212640
TI  - Observations on the establishment, growth, and development of Hymenolepis
      hopkinsi Schiller, 1951 (Cestoda) in the mallard.

PMID- 1212642
TI  - Dusty feed and acute respiratory disease in pigs.

PMID- 1212641
TI  - Differential diagnosis of clostridial myonecrosis.

PMID- 1212643
TI  - Abortion associated with Hemophilus somnus infection in a bovine fetus.

PMID- 1212644
TI  - Epitheliogenesis imperfecta in a black labrador puppy.

PMID- 1212645
TI  - Note of welcome. National Large Bowel Cancer Project: Second Workshop.

PMID- 1212646
TI  - The National Large Bowel Cancer Project. Its goals and objectives.
AB  - The National Large Bowel Cancer Project, therefore, through the combined efforts
      of the Directorate, Working Cadre, and Subcommittees, has planned and activated a
      multidisciplinary approach to large bowel cancer aimed at reducing the incidence,
      mortality, and morbidity of this disease. Every effort is being made to improve
      interdisciplinary communications among biomedical scientists and clinical
      investigators involved in studies related to large bowel cancer. Early
      application of well-established biologic concepts of large bowel cancer to the
      study and management of patients with this disease, or to individuals at risk for
      the development of this form of cancer, hopefully will result in improved methods
      of controlling large bowel cancer.

PMID- 1212647
TI  - The control of large bowel cancers. Present status and it challenges.
AB  - The incidence of carcinoma of the large bowel in the United States is higher than
      for any other site. In Japan it is about one quarter as frequent, and the cause
      of this discrepancy appears to be more environmental than genetic on the basis of
      migrant studies. The incidence of carcinoma in familial polyposis approaches 100%
      and in villous adenoma the incidence of carcinoma is 40-50%. The relation of
      adenomatous polyps to carcinoma is not so strong, yet there is a notable
      association between the occurrence of polyps and carcinoma in the same bowel.
      With modern surgical techniques, the risk of removing polypoid lesions of the
      colon transabdominally appears much lower than the average risk of leaving such
      lesions alone unless and until they give signs and symptoms of carcinoma. The
      greater use of the colonoscope should, however, greatly reduce the need for
      laparotomy.

PMID- 1212648
TI  - Introduction to session on biological markers in diagnosis and therapy.

PMID- 1212649
TI  - The gardner syndrome. A study in cell culture.
AB  - Tetraploidy was increased in skin fibroblast cultures derived from three probands
      with the Gardner syndrome and nine affected members of one family as compared to
      that occurring in cultures from five unaffected family members as well as from
      six relatives by marriage and 15 normals grown in the laboratory at the same time
      under the same conditions. Tetraploidy was present at the first subculture (2
      weeks after the initial biopsy was cultured) and for each line studied the
      percentage of dividing cells showing tetraploidy remained constant. Increased
      occurrence of tetraploidy was not observed in skin fibroblast cultures from
      patients with the genetic disorders familial polyposis coli, familial osteomas,
      and familial fibromatosis (neurofibromatosis), each of which show one of the four
      abnormal tissue growths observed in the Gardner syndrome. The relationship of the
      observed tetraploidy to the increased risk of such patients to develop abnormal
      growths and cancer has not been established. The increased tetraploidy should be
      of value in identifying the presence of the gene for the Gardner syndrome in high
      risk families.

PMID- 1212650
TI  - Arylsulfatse B in colorectal cancer.
AB  - Arylsulfatase B activity has been determined in 24-hour urine samples from 243
      patients with colorectal cancer. Elevated activity of the enzyme was obsereved in
      172 out of 243 (71%) patients. Employing Dukes' modified classification of
      colorectal cancer, urine arylsulfatase B activity was elevated in Dukes' A
      lesions-1/8 (12%), Dukes' B lesions-24/43 (55%). Dukes' C lesions-89/111 (80%),
      and Dukes' D lesions-66/81 (82%). Arylsulfatase B activity in urine, when
      elevated, may be used to follow response to therapy since in those patients with
      elevated urine arylsulfatase B values who subsequently responded to therapy, the
      enzyme values became or approached normal. Urine arylsulfatase B activity also
      correlated with plasma carcinoembryonal antigen (CEA) as a diagnostic indicator
      of colorectal cancer in 33/46 (71%) patients. In contrast to the urinary
      findings, arylsulfatase B activity in tumor tissue was elevated in only 24%
      (27/110) of the specimens of colorectal cancer. It was also found that in a group
      of 55 patients treated with 5-fluorouracil, all of the 13 patients that showed
      objective response to therapy had activities of arylsulfatase B in the tumor
      tissue within the normal range for large bowel mucosa. Nevertheless, 22 to 26 of
      the 43 patients that did not respond also presented values in the normal range.
      The roles of lysosomal enzymes in colorectal cancer are discussed.

PMID- 1212651
TI  - Quantification of carcinoembryonic antigen-like activities in normal, human
      gastrointestinal secretions.
AB  - The secretion of carcinoembryonic antigen-like (CEA-like) material into the
      gastrointestinal tract of 28 fasting normal men was quantified by using
      intestinal perfusion techniques. CEA-like material was recovered from all levels
      of the gastrointestinal tract. The highest secretory rate was in the colon (mean
      +/- SE, 2.41 +/- 2.0 mug/minute per colon), followed by pancreatobiliary
      secretion and pancreatic secretion. The secretory rate from the stomach,
      duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was less than 20 ng/minute. After perchloric acid
      extraction, the CEA-like material from the colon had the same chromatographic and
      radioimmunologic properties as [125I] CEA. These data suggest that the CEA-like
      material is normally secreted into the gastrointestinal tract and particularly
      into the colon.

PMID- 1212653
TI  - National Large Bowel Cancer Project: Second Workshop. Cell kinetics and molecular
      controls. Introduction.

PMID- 1212652
TI  - Urinary polyamine levels in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy.
AB  - Polyamine levels (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) were determined in 24
      hour urine samples by a high voltage electrophoresis technique. Eleven of 14
      patients with widespread metastatic gastrointestinal cancer had two or more
      elevated polyamine values. Two patients with cancer confined to the colon and two
      with cancer spread within the pelvis had two or more elevated polyamine values.
      Three patients who had all known disease removed by surgery, two patients with
      gastric lymphoma, and one patient with a vilous adenoma of the colon had normal
      values. Individual values of spermidine and spermine appeared to be elevated more
      frequently than putrescine values in these patients.

PMID- 1212654
TI  - Selective synthesis and accumulation of nuclear non-histone proteins during
      carcinogenesis of the colon induced by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine.
AB  - The complement of nuclear non-histone proteins in epithelial cells of the colon
      is progressively altered during the course of carcinogenesis induced by 1, 2
      dimethylhydrazine, until finally the nuclear proteins of tumor cells are easily
      distinguishable from those of the surrounding normal tissue. These changes in
      nuclear protein compostion reflect earlier differences in the rates of synthesis
      of individual protein species. Radioisotopic double-labeling experiments show
      that the synthesis of nuclear proteins of molecular weights 44,000 and 62,000 is
      selectively accelerated within 4 weeks after administration of the carcinogen,
      long before any morphological indications of malignancy appear.

PMID- 1212656
TI  - Gastrointestinal cancer. Its geographic distribution and correlation to breast
      cancer.
AB  - Maps of mortality rates in all U.S. counties for cancer of the stomach, colon,
      and rectum are presented. The maps show a strong geographic dependency indicating
      that environmental factors are important in the etiology of these cancers.
      Furthermore, the urban-rural differences which have been noted in the past are
      not as readily apparent in this study. Evaluation of all cancer sites
      demonstrates in general that the geographic dependency is highest for organs most
      exposed to the environment such as the organs along the alimentary canal and
      lowest for unexposed organs such as prostate, pancreas, and brain. By studying
      the correlation coefficients between mortality rates for cancer of different
      organ sites, they were grouped in subsets with high correlations for each pair in
      the same subset. Cancers of colon, rectum, and breast are shown to be very highly
      correlated in U.S. data as well as in international data.

PMID- 1212655
TI  - In vivo repair of rat intestinal DNA damage by alkylating agents.
AB  - In an effort to evaluate the possible correlation of the transforming ability of
      the known colon carcinogens dimethylhydrazine, 3-2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl, and
      methylazoxymethanolacetate to damage and repair of DNA, a series of compounds
      known to react with DNA-nitrogen mustard, methylmethanesulfonate, and mitomycin C
      -were administered to rats that had been prelabeled with 3H-thymidine. The DNA of
      crypt and villus of the jejunum and crypt and surface cells of the large bowel
      were analyzed by ultracentrifugation on an alkaline sucrose gradient. All
      fractions suffered degradation to such an extent that essentially no undamaged
      DNA was detectable. This was followed by repair and an increase in size. However,
      in the surface cells of the colon of animals that had received a carcinogenic
      insult there was far less rapid repair. Since this is the site where tumors would
      ultimately arise these data are supportive of the hypothesis that there is a
      relationship between decreased repair and carcinogenicity. In view of the age
      related incidence of colon cancer, repair in older animals was evaluated and was
      found to be less than that seen in the young. Since multiple treatment with the
      carcinogen dimethylhydrazine is required and there is a long latent period, the
      effect of this treatment on repair potential was evaluated. Similar to what was
      seen in the older animals, these treated rats had greatly reduced capacity to
      repair DNA. All these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that
      decreased repair of DNA alterations is a concomitant of carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1212657
TI  - Large bowel cancer. Metabolic epidemiology and carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1212658
TI  - Investigations into the metabolism and mode of action of the colon carcinogen 1,
      2-dimethylhydrazine.
AB  - Chromatographic methods have been developed which allow the separation and
      identification of azomethane (AM), azoxymethane (AOM), and methylazoxymethanol
      (MAM). These methods have been applied to the analysis of bile, urine, and the
      exhaled air of rats treated with the 14C--labeled colon carcinogen 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine (DMH) to provide evidence that AM, AOM, and MAM are indeed
      metabolites of DMH. Investigations into the metabolism and mode of action of DMH
      and its derivatives by other workers are briefly summarized and reviewed.

PMID- 1212659
TI  - Further clinical studies with intrahepatic arterial infusion with 5-fluorouracil.
AB  - A total of 419 patients with progressive liver disease, in nearly all cases
      metastatic from gastrointestinal primaries, were treated by intrahepatic arterial
      infusion with 5-FU. Three-fourths of these patients had had prior trials with
      intravenous 5-FU for 1 or 2 months to several years and had been switched to the
      infusion upon the development of progression. Catheters were placed
      percutaneously and the patients infused with 5-FU at a dose of 20 to 30 mg/kg/day
      X 4, then 15 mg/kg/day X 17, at which point the catheter was removed and the
      patient sent home on weekly i.v. doses at 15 mg/kg. Toxicity, morbidity, and
      mortality were minimal with the intrahepatic arterial infusion treatment and the
      rigid criteria of improvement were met by 55% of the study cases. The survival
      rate of those patients who responded to the treatment was greater than the
      survival rate of those who failed to respond.

PMID- 1212660
TI  - Adjuvant immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in colorectal cancer of the Dukes'
      C classification. Preliminary clinical results.
AB  - Fifty-eight patients with Dukes' C classification of carcinoma of the large bowel
      were placed on adjuvant immuno- or chemoimmunotherapy with Bacillus calmette
      guerin (BCG) or combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus BCG following primary
      and definitive surgery, and were followed for up to 21 months. Of twenty-six
      patients receiving BCG alone by scarification, five have relapsed with 75% of
      freedom from disease estimated at 15.1 months compared with 10.1 months in a
      group of carefully selected historical controls who had surgery alone (p = 0.12).
      The survival of all patients receiving BCG alone has not reached the 75
      percentile yet, and the difference from controls is currently estimated at the
      18% level. The combination of 5-FU plus BCG (studied in 32 patients) may be
      superior to BCG alone at this time, in that it appears to more effectively
      protect against tumor recurrence (75 percentile not yet reached compared to
      control, (p = 0.08). The survival of patients on 5-FU plus BCG also appears to be
      improved (p = 0.09). No patients have expired compared to a 75 percentile
      survival of 16.6 months in the control. Serial determination of plasma CEA was
      crucial in the clinical follow-up of these patients. Frequent CEA detetminations
      have led to early detection of clinical relapse. In the elevation of CEA suggests
      tumor recurrence with a high degree of probability in patients with past history
      of cancer of the large bowel.

PMID- 1212662
TI  - A colon tumor model for anticancer agent evaluation.
AB  - Colon tumors of mice were induced with 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine, N-nitroso-N
      methylurethane, methylnitrosourea, and 4-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Of
      82 transplantation attempts, four were successful, and the four tumors have been
      maintained as distinct tumor lines by subcutaneous transplantation. The tumors
      graded from II, adenocarcinoma, to IV, undifferentiated carcinoma. Volume
      doubling times varied over a three-fold range, and metastatic potential ranged
      from 5 to about 100%. The tumors responded to treatment with some of the same
      agents found to be active in man. These included cyclophosphamide, 5
      fluorouracil, and certain nitrosoureas. Preliminary evidence suggests that these
      tumor lines may be useful as experimental models.

PMID- 1212661
TI  - Growth kinetics of human large bowel cancer growing in immune-deprived mice and
      some chemotherapeutic observations.
AB  - Xenografts of human large bowel cancer have been grown in immune-deprived mice.
      Studies have been made of their intermitotic time and other proliferative
      characteristics, and their response to single doses of a number of
      chemotherapeutic agents has been measured. The indications from this study are
      that, although the growth rate of xenografts is much faster than that for tumors
      in man, this is likely to be due largely to a difference in rate of cell loss,
      and the intermitotic time and growth fraction may not have changed substantially.
      The spectrum of response to chemotherapeutic agents is in line with clinical
      experience and, although there are many uncertainties and problems still to be
      resolved, it is indicated that xenografts could provide a useful experimental
      system for the laboratory study of the chemotherapy of large bowel cancer.

PMID- 1212663
TI  - Purification of tumor-specific antigens. An overview of the relevance to human
      colon carcinoma.
AB  - Methods which dissociate intramolecular noncovalent bonds have been used to
      prepare soluble derivatives of cell-surface antigens. Applications of these
      techniques to human colon carcinoma are underway. Continuous tissue-culture
      strains derived from primary lesions were developed and shown to be composed of
      malignant epithelial elements. Parallel data on the preparation and activity of
      soluble materials in a murine model methylcholanthrene system reveal that
      although cultured cells are a satisfactory source for antigen extraction, they
      are poor targets of the immune response. The development of methods to quantitate
      the biologic activity of colon-specific, soluble materials may provide indicator
      systems to define the antigenic determinants, to permit purification, and to
      serve as assays of the efficacy of immunotherapy.

PMID- 1212664
TI  - The immunology of large bowel carcinoma in a rat model.
AB  - A rat large bowel carcinoma model has been established with close similarities to
      the immunological features of the corresponding human neoplasms as far as those
      are presently known: (1) common antigens with tissue-type specificity, (2)
      expression of immunogenic gut-specific embryonal antigens, (3) cell-mediated
      immunity present in tumor bearers, whose sera are capable of blocking the
      lymphocyte effect specifically, and (4) rapid disappearance of the serum blocking
      activity after tumor excision. It is suggested that this model is therefore
      particularly suitable for further detailed analysis of the potential function in
      vivo of tissue-type specific antigens. In addition, this model appears to be
      applicable to correlating alterations in immune status with tumor course after
      various modes of intervention such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy alone, or in
      combination with surgery.

PMID- 1212665
TI  - Summary statement on Second Workshop on Large Bowel Cancer.

PMID- 1212666
TI  - The synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-6-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose.
AB  - 4,6-Di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-carbonyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl bromide was condensed with
      benzyl 2-acetamido-3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside in the
      presence of silver carbonate to give crystalline benzyl 2-acetamido-3,4-di-O
      acetyl-2-deoxy-6-O-(4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-carbonyl-beta-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D
      glucopyranoside in 32% yield. Removal of the protective O-acetyl and cyclic
      carbonate groups gave the crystalline benzyl alpha-glycoside of the disaccharide,
      which was catalytically hydrogenolyzed to yield the crystalline, title compound.
      Proof of the anomeric configuration of the interglycosidic linkage was obtained
      by comparison of the physical, spectral, and chromatographic properties of the
      disaccharide and its derivatives with those of the previously prepared alpha-D
      linked analog.

PMID- 1212667
TI  - Multiple Smith-degradations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and of asialo CEA.
AB  - Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and asialo CEA were subjected to multiple Smith
      degradation (i.e., for each degradation, application in sequence of periodate
      oxidation, borohydride reduction, and mild hydrolysis with acid; borohydride-t
      was substituted for unlabelled borohydride). High yields of modified
      glycoproteins were obtained at each stage. After three complete degradations and
      a further periodate-borohydride-t treatment, the carbohydrate content of CEA and
      of asialo CEA had decreased from 45-50% to 11-12% (i.e., 90% removal of
      carbohydrate). Glycerol was always one of the products obtained after each
      degradation, but threitol and erythritol were not detected. The second
      degradation caused a substantial loss of 2-acetamide-2-deoxyglucose, which is
      consistent with the location of some of this monosaccharide towards the terminal
      (non-reducing) end of the oligosaccharides. The "core" region of the
      oligosaccharides is composed of galactose, mannose, and 2-acetamido-2
      deoxyglucose. After the fourth oxidation, 2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucose was 50-60%
      of the total content of residual carbohydrate. After the first degradation, there
      was a progressive loss in antigenic activity, but this was associated with a
      small amount of hydrolysis of the protein moiety of CEA.

PMID- 1212668
TI  - [The structure of dehydroascorbic acid in water solution].

PMID- 1212669
TI  - Structure of extracellular polysaccharide from Xanthomonas campestris.

PMID- 1212670
TI  - Synthesis of O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-1 leads to 4)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1
      leads to 3)-D-galactopyranose, the trisaccharide repeating-unit of the o-specific
      polysaccharide from Salmonella anatum.
AB  - Glycosylation of 1,2:5,6-di-O-idopropylidene-alpha-D-galactofuranose with 2,3-di
      O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-L
      rhamnopyranosyl bromide, followed by removal of the protecting groups, gave O
      beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-D
      galactose, which is the trisaccharide repeating-unit of the O-specific
      polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella anatum. The
      formation of the beta-D-mannopyranosyl linkage was achieved by a glucose-mannose
      conversion via stereoselective reduction of the corresponding oxo-disaccharide.

PMID- 1212671
TI  - Some benzylidene acetal derivatives of theophylline nucleosides.
AB  - The reaction of some hexopyranosyltheophylline nucleosides with benzaldehyde in
      the presence of zinc chloride gave the expected benzylidene acetals. Thus, 7
      alpha-D-mannopyranosyltheophylline gave the 2',3':4',6'-diacetal as a mixture of
      diastereoisomers, one of which was isolated. The beta-D-galacto- and beta-D-gluco
      pyranosyltheophyllines gave the 4',6'-acetals, which were characterised as 2',3'
      diesters. Mild, acidic hydrolysis of 7-(4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-di-O-mesyl-beta-D
      glucopyranosyl)theophylline gave 7-(2,3-di-O-mesyl-beta-D
      glucopyranosyl)theophylline, and strongly basic hydrolysis gave 7-(2,3-anhydro
      4,6-O-benzylidene-beta-D-allopyranosyl)theophylline. Ring-opening of this 2',3'
      epoxide with iodide anion afforded mainly 7-(4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deozy-2-iodo
      beta-D-altropyranosyl)theophylline, which was characterised as the 6'-acetate.

PMID- 1212672
TI  - A large-scale synthesis of 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose.

PMID- 1212673
TI  - Reduction of 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-alpha (and beta)-D-ribofuranosylethyne.

PMID- 1212674
TI  - 13C-enrichment as an aid in the analysis of mass-spectral fragmentation patterns.

PMID- 1212675
TI  - Effect of ketamine on ventricular dynamics of unanesthetized baboons.
AB  - Ketamine hydrochloride is commonly employed to sedate or anesthetize laboratory
      primates but its cardiac actions have not been previously described in these
      animals. Four baboons, Papio cynocephalus, were chronically instrumented with
      electromagnetic flow detectors on the ascending aorta and common carotid artery.
      Cardiac output, peak aortic flow velocity and peak aortic flow acceleration are
      all depressed by Ketamine, 5 mg/kg i.m. Peak aortic flow acceleration and peak
      carotid flow acceleration were equally depressed. Thus, peak carotid flow
      acceleration is a useful indirect index of the left ventricular response to
      Ketamine in the baboon.

PMID- 1212676
TI  - [Functional capacity of the left heart ventricle in patients with chronic
      coronary disease].

PMID- 1212678
TI  - [The latest methods of salivary gland disease investigation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212677
TI  - [Liver regeneration activity following partial hepatectomy. Possibilities of its
      functional influencing (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212679
TI  - [Some problems of typological angiographic diagnostics of tumours in the
      posterior fossa of the skull (author's transl)].

PMID- 1212680
TI  - [Electroretinography and electrooculography in clinical ophthalmology (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1212681
TI  - [Significance of lung scintigraphy in the preoperative examination of patients
      with bronchogenic carcinoma].

PMID- 1212682
TI  - A retrospective study on the aetiology of paraplegia in Rhodesian Africans.

PMID- 1212683
TI  - Some aspects of drug abuse in Rhodesia.

PMID- 1212684
TI  - Strangulation of colon in an acquired diagphragmatic hernia.

PMID- 1212685
TI  - Acute pulmonary oedema.

PMID- 1212686
TI  - Smoking -- its blessings and hazards.

PMID- 1212687
TI  - A re-assessment of the epidemiology and clinico-pathological features of human
      trypanosomiasis in Rhodesia.

PMID- 1212688
TI  - [Activity of lactate dehydrogenase in ocular fluids of patients with malignant
      melanoma of the uvea].

PMID- 1212689
TI  - [Preventive actinotherapy after enucleation of the eye for malignant uveal
      melanoma].

PMID- 1212690
TI  - [Degeneratio hyaloretinalis hereditaria].

PMID- 1212691
TI  - [A case of unusual ocular alterations in generalized melanoblastoma].

PMID- 1212692
TI  - [Fluorescence angiography in ischemic edema of the optic disk].

PMID- 1212693
TI  - [Electroretinographic alterations in recent occlusions of blood vessels in the
      ocular fundus].

PMID- 1212694
TI  - [A comparison of intraocular penetration of ocular drugs during the use of
      contact lenses and of various methods of topical administration. An experiment
      with radioactive sulfate].

PMID- 1212695
TI  - [Vitelliform dystrophy of the macula in 3 siblings and their mother].

PMID- 1212696
TI  - [Cataract extraction in patients with incorrect light projection].

PMID- 1212697
TI  - [Cryoextraction of cataracts].

PMID- 1212699
TI  - [Pathology and therapy of retinal detachment in young persons].

PMID- 1212698
TI  - [Our experience with Leydhecker's peripheral iridencleisis].

PMID- 1212700
TI  - [Advantages of the ab externo approach and cryoextraction in cataract surgery].

PMID- 1212701
TI  - [Lipids in the renal veins and disseminated intravascular coagulation].
AB  - Marked steatosis of glomeruli and of cortical arterioles is a peculiar and
      hitherto neglected change occuring in generalized Shwartzman's reaction as well
      as in the haemolytic-uremic syndrome. The fatty deposits originate during the
      transient hyperlipemia occurring in both the above entities. No comparable
      steatosis takes place in disseminated intravascular coagulation. In disseminated
      intravascular coagulation occurring in hyperlipemic rats, however, steatosis of
      glomeruli as well as of cortical  arterioles is present so that the picture
      resembles generalized Shwartzman's reaction. Such a comparison poses a lot of
      further pathogenetic problems.

PMID- 1212703
TI  - [Bronchocentric pulmonary granulomatosis].
AB  - A case of bronchocentric pulmonary granulomatosis as observed in a male aged 49
      appeared as morphologically identical with the series of cases described by
      Liebow. In the case presented here, however, the disease took a progressive
      course with a lethal outcome in spite of a long-term treatment with high doses of
      corticoids.

PMID- 1212702
TI  - [Importance of moulds in the morphogenesis of pulmonary changes in chronic
      infantile granulomatosis].
AB  - A brief clinical and a rather detailed histological decription is given of three
      male siblings suffering from chronic granulomatosis. Two types of granulomas were
      indentified. One of them occurring extrapulmonally resembled the specific
      tuberculous granuloma with caseation, but tuberculous bacilli not demonstrated.
      The other type of granuloma was found in the lungs and was composed of a
      leucocytic core surrounded by an epithelioid cellular rim containing giant cells.
      In all the three cases such granulomas were shown to contain mould filaments of
      the aspergillus type.

PMID- 1212704
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of the evidence of C cells in the thyroid gland].
AB  - Presented here are the experiences with bringing the Grimelius method to bear on
      the routine evidence for C cells of the thyroid gland. Marked positive results of
      examination, with a great deal of well-depicted C cells, are found to be in
      direct connection with hypocalcimia within one year's period.

PMID- 1212705
TI  - [Radiation changes of the lungs following irradiation for carcinoma].
AB  - Moderately edematous lungs were ascertained in four cases of radiation
      pneumonitis causing death in connection with irradiating the carcinoma of the
      lungs by way of currently used orthovoltage actinotherapy. Histologically the
      most conspicuous were the findings of the hyaline alveolar membrane and the
      cellular atypia of endothel of the alveoles and the lymph-ducts.

PMID- 1212707
TI  - [Detection of components of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in hepatocytes].
AB  - In fifty cases of hepatic processes, concominant with serological positivity to
      the so-called "Australian antigen", positivity was demonstrated, by biopsy in 53
      per cent of cases and by necropsy in 44 per cent of cases, by way of orceine
      dyeing according to Shikata, and the results were better when due to formaldehyde
      rather than glutaraldehyde fixation. An electronoptical correlate of HBSAg formed
      microtubular and filamentous structures only partly connected with the smooth
      endoplasmatic reticule. Intranuclear presence of HBcAg could not be unequivocally
      demonstrated but in one case there were found in the paranuclear area structures
      corresponding to Dane's corpuscle formation.

PMID- 1212706
TI  - [Malignant ovarian struma in pseuomucinous cystadenoma].
AB  - In a female aged 64, a large pseudomucinous cystadenoma was found, containing a
      predominantly follicular carcinoma originating in an ovarian goiter in the
      subcapsular portion of the ovary. The tumour invaded the surroinding tissues
      assuming a scirrhotic character. At operation, no peritoneal metastases were
      recorded. No other teratogenic components were found within the tumour.

PMID- 1212708
TI  - [Analysis of motivation in attempted suicides of sniffing addicts].
AB  - The authors examined a group of 30 addicts, each of whom had attempted a suicide,
      once at least, irrespective of the mode of performance. They analysed the
      motivation and the causes leading the adolescent addicts to suicidal attempts.
      The suicidal attempts were shown to occur under acute intoxication in 83.3 per
      cent of cases. Most frequently, the mode of the suicidal attempt was drastic, as
      e.g. cutting the antebrachial and the wrist veins in 56.6 per cent of cases. In
      43.3 per cent of cases there occurred mild encephalopathies. A history of
      delinquent behaviour was recorded in 63.3 per cent of cases. Eighty per cent of
      the addicts originated from defective families or had other adverse social
      conditions. In 80 per cent addiction of psychotropic substances of more than one
      year duration was noted. Addiction of more than one drug was recorded in 90 per
      cent of cases. Most probably, volatile psychotropic substances act as
      "accelerators" in this connection, deteriorating the personality alterations of
      encephalopathic and psychopathic origin already present, thus conditioning the
      motivation of suicidal attempts. This finding may be of significance in aiding
      the forensic psychology and the medicolegal expertise of realized suicides.

PMID- 1212710
TI  - [Bronchial asthma based on organic changes in the bronchi in children and
      adults].

PMID- 1212709
TI  - [Use of gas chromatography--mass spectrometry system in toxicology].
AB  - In the presented paper experiences with the practical usage of gas chromatography
      - mass spectrometry system are given. Cases of the identification of forbidden
      doping drugs and some significant groups of medicaments are described. The
      possibility of the identification of drug metabolites and interfering substances
      is pointed as well. Examples of chemical ionization usage are given from
      literature papers. This work points out the advantages of both methods for the
      identification of drugs in biological material. The priority and possibility of
      both procedures are evaluated critically.

PMID- 1212711
TI  - [Respiratory diseases and somatotype of the child].

PMID- 1212712
TI  - [Physical fitness and the effect of exertion on the function of the respiratory
      airways].

PMID- 1212713
TI  - [Relationship between the age of the child and the degree of body temperature and
      antibody titre after vaccination against measles].

PMID- 1212714
TI  - [Esophagitis in newborn infants].

PMID- 1212715
TI  - [Pulmonary circulation time in healthy children and adolescents measured by means
      of radiocirculographic method].

PMID- 1212716
TI  - [Epidemics of congenital heart defects in the Kladno district in 1972].

PMID- 1212717
TI  - [Agenesis of the penis].

PMID- 1212718
TI  - [Meckel's syndrome].

PMID- 1212719
TI  - [Disorders in the factors of natural immunity].

PMID- 1212720
TI  - [Development of characteristic features in children with respiratory tract
      diseases in relation to the severity and frequency of the disease].

PMID- 1212721
TI  - [Antibiotics in newborn infants at risk--viewpoints from literature and own
      results].

PMID- 1212723
TI  - [Experiences in the treatment of newborn infant hyperbilirubinemia using
      phototherapy].

PMID- 1212722
TI  - [Williams-Campbell syndrome in children].

PMID- 1212724
TI  - [Percutaneous dextrolateral-heart catheterization in children using an inserter].

PMID- 1212726
TI  - [Changes in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum of the pancreas
      in childhood diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1212725
TI  - [Significance of early diagnosis of children's hydrophthalmos].

PMID- 1212727
TI  - [Hyperglycinemia].

PMID- 1212728
TI  - [Arteriovenous anastomoses in the pulmonary vascular bed in a 8-year-old child].

PMID- 1212729
TI  - [Alkaptonuria in a newborn infant].

PMID- 1212730
TI  - [The Czechoslovak family in the light of demographic surveys].

PMID- 1212731
TI  - [Short-term prognosis of children admitted to children's homes for pre-school
      children for social reasons and later released during 1968-1973].

PMID- 1212732
TI  - [Neurotoxicity of vincristine].

PMID- 1212733
TI  - [Chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis in children].

PMID- 1212734
TI  - [Liver damage in long-term treatment with salicylates in children].

PMID- 1212735
TI  - [X-ray and angiographic picture of focal lesions of the lungs in children with
      congenital heart diseases].

PMID- 1212736
TI  - [Some problems of relapsing urolithiasis in childhood].

PMID- 1212737
TI  - [Dubin-Johnson syndrome in a 10-year-old girl].

PMID- 1212738
TI  - [Fatal acute chloramphenicol poisoning in a toddler].

PMID- 1212739
TI  - [Influence of repeated respiratory diseases in collective institutions on the
      respiratory function].

PMID- 1212740
TI  - [Perinatology].

PMID- 1212741
TI  - [Technics of intramuscular injections in infants].

PMID- 1212742
TI  - [Further phase in the development of emergency health services in
      Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1212743
TI  - [Perspectives of health services in the Slovak Socialist Republik].

PMID- 1212744
TI  - [Some findings from the studies on the activity of the emergency health service
      center in Prague].

PMID- 1212745
TI  - [Study on the supply of emergency health service in the Central Bohemia region].

PMID- 1212746
TI  - [Systematically organized care of the aging population. Evaluation of 5-year
      activities of a complex geriatric center].

PMID- 1212747
TI  - [Medical documentation in the current medical practice].

PMID- 1212748
TI  - [Preventive trend in the organization of health care of foreign students at the
      Lumumba's University].

PMID- 1212749
TI  - Studies on lankacidin-group (T-2636) antibiotics. VI. Chemical structures of
      lankacidin-group antibiotics. II.

PMID- 1212750
TI  - Studies on the syntheses of analgesics. V. Synthesis of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-3
      benzazocine derivatives.

PMID- 1212751
TI  - Application of drug-containing liposomes to the duration of the intramuscular
      absorption of water-soluble drugs in rats.

PMID- 1212752
TI  - The synthesis of 10-(4-methylpiperazino)dibenzo (b,f)thiepin and related
      compounds. Neurotropic and psychotropic agents.

PMID- 1212753
TI  - Studies on pharmaceutical modification of anticancer agents. I. Enhancement of
      lymphatic transport of mitomycin C by parenteral emulsions.

PMID- 1212754
TI  - Studies on peptides. LV. Total synthesis of porcine motilin, a gastric motor
      activity stimulating polypeptide.

PMID- 1212755
TI  - Stereochemistry of microbial dehydrogenation of 5alpha-3-ketosteroid.

PMID- 1212756
TI  - Endogenous inhibitor(s) in rat liver of dopamine beta-hydroxylase.

PMID- 1212757
TI  - Purification and properties of human liver alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 1212758
TI  - Binding of calcium by soluble fraction from normal rat liver.

PMID- 1212759
TI  - Inactivation of some thiol-enzymes by trichothecene mycotoxins from Fusarium
      species.

PMID- 1212760
TI  - Studies on peptides. LVI. Synthesis of N1-tyr-somatostatin.

PMID- 1212761
TI  - Isolation of a new isoflavone from Chinese Pueraria flowers.

PMID- 1212762
TI  - Letter: Revised structure for an alkaloid fron Streptomyces sp. NA-337.

PMID- 1212763
TI  - Letter: An application of reactions of beta-ketosulfoxides to estrone synthesis.

PMID- 1212765
TI  - [Progressive myogenic external ophthalmoplegia with ultrastructural anomalies].

PMID- 1212764
TI  - [Ultrastructure of retinoblastoma (direct sample, culture and graft)].

PMID- 1212766
TI  - [Transethmoido-sphenoidal approach to decompression of the optic nerve].

PMID- 1212767
TI  - [Case of deaf-mutism associated with an albinic syndrome].

PMID- 1212769
TI  - [Microbial hypersensitivity in ophthalmology. Current aspects].

PMID- 1212768
TI  - [Sudden onset of isolated orbital emphysema during dental ozone insufflation].

PMID- 1212770
TI  - [Spontaneous resolution of a case of congenital glaucoma].

PMID- 1212772
TI  - [Retino-choroidal manifestations of candidiasis].

PMID- 1212771
TI  - [Influence of miosis on the circular static perimetry at 15 degrees in normal and
      glaucomatous subjects].

PMID- 1212773
TI  - [Maculopathy and Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1212774
TI  - [Exudative retinal swelling after treatment for retinal detachment (a propos of 4
      cases)].

PMID- 1212775
TI  - [Jaffe's syndrome of premacular fibrosis: functional and etiological data (a
      propos of 34 cases)].

PMID- 1212776
TI  - [Retinopathy caused by chloroquine in the prevention of malaria in children].

PMID- 1212777
TI  - [Treatment of intermittent exotropias].

PMID- 1212778
TI  - [A new prognostic element in the clinical examination of strabismus].

PMID- 1212779
TI  - [Bilateral uveitis of multiple etiologies].

PMID- 1212780
TI  - [Linear study of myopia].

PMID- 1212781
TI  - [A case of superacute type naso-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis].

PMID- 1212782
TI  - [Case of non-conic central corneal ectasia with congenital cataract in a
      dolichostenomelic patient].

PMID- 1212783
TI  - [Traumatic iridodialyses and cyclodialyses. A propos of a reinsertion technic].

PMID- 1212784
TI  - [Traumatic cataracts. Critical study of 100 cases].

PMID- 1212785
TI  - [Combined trabeculectomy for pigmentary glaucoma and cataract (apropos of a
      case)].

PMID- 1212786
TI  - [Foreign bodies of the orbit and brilliance amplifiers].

PMID- 1212787
TI  - [Conjunctival lifting during certain apiphoras].

PMID- 1212788
TI  - [Rare complication of tonsillitis: hypopyonal panuveitiis. A propos of a case].

PMID- 1212789
TI  - [Banding treatment of giant retinal detachments].

PMID- 1212790
TI  - [Results of treatment of soft cataracts in young patients by the lavage
      aspiration technic].

PMID- 1212791
TI  - [Rothmund's syndrome. A propos of a case].

PMID- 1212792
TI  - [Benign intracranial hypertension of unknown cause].

PMID- 1212793
TI  - Elbow problems in the adolescent athlete.

PMID- 1212794
TI  - Changing concepts of inflammatory disease of the colon in children.

PMID- 1212795
TI  - The relationship of serum alkaline phosphatase levels to stages of pubic hair
      development.

PMID- 1212796
TI  - Pseudo-goiter. The Modigliani syndrome.

PMID- 1212797
TI  - The interaction of rheumatoid factor with hepatitis B surface antigen-antibody
      complexes.
AB  - A solid phase radioimmunoassay was developed in which the hepatitis B surface
      antigen was adsorbed to the surface of plastic beads. When the antigen-coated
      beads were incubated with human IgG antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen,
      immune complexes were formed on the solid phase surface. IgM rheumatoid factor
      was found to bind to the hepatitis B surface antigen-antibody complexes but not
      to the antigen or the IgG antibody alone. Since both hepatitis B surface antigen
      antibody complexes and rheumatoid factor are commonly present in type B viral
      hepatitis, it is suggested that rheumatoid factor may play a role in the
      pathogenesis of this viral disease in man.

PMID- 1212798
TI  - In vitro transfer of tumour-specific immunity with human 'immune' RNA.
AB  - In vitro tumour-specific immunity against lung cancer was passively transferred
      in the leucocyte migration inhibition system with 'immune' RNA in man; 'non
      immune' RNA, on the other hand, failed to transfer such immunity, indicating the
      specificity of 'immune' RNA.

PMID- 1212799
TI  - Populations of lymphocytes separated from human thymocytes.
AB  - Thymocytes from twenty-two human foetal and post-natal thymuses were separated
      according to their buoyant density. Thymocytes from eight were separated into
      multiple fractions by means of continuous gradients of bovine serum albumin
      (BSA), pH 5.1 and iso-osmolar with human cells, and thymocytes from fourteen were
      separated into two fractions of density less than and greater than 1.068 g/cm3.
      Fractions were tested for antigen-binding lymphocytes (ABL) to 125I-labelled
      human thyroglobulin, for response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and for rosette
      forming cells (RFC) using sheep red blood cells. For subjects of all ages there
      was a pronounced enrichment of both ABL and thymocytes responsive to PHA amoung
      low or 1.064-1.065 g/cm3 density thymocytes. In older subjects there was a second
      enrichment of ABL among high or 1.072-1.073 g/cm3 density thymocytes. RFC were
      distributed over a wider range of densities, and although they did not form a
      discrete subpopulation they predominated among high density thymocytes.

PMID- 1212800
TI  - Age involution in the normal human adult thymus.
AB  - Thymic biopsies taken under general anaesthetic prior to partial thyroidectomy
      for non-toxic nodular goitre were studied with histometric techniques: evidence
      is presented that the tissue studied is representative of the normal adult human
      thymus. The pattern of age involution of the normal adult thymus is described:
      there is a striking sex difference in the curves of involution, due to
      differences in behaviour of the cortex.

PMID- 1212801
TI  - A quantitative evaluation of anticoagulants in experimental nephrotoxic
      nephritis.
AB  - The protective effects of anticoagulants in nephrotoxic nephritis in rabbits have
      been studied, using various doses of heparin and defibrination with ancrod.
      Massive doses of heparin (2000 units/kg/day) were required before significant
      reduction in glomerular fibrin deposition, extracepillary cell proliferation and
      urea retention occurred. Doses of 300 and 1000 units/kg/day were insufficient to
      modify fibrin deposition and cell proliferation. Defibrination with ancrod
      provided protection, judged by histological and functional criteria, comparable
      to 2000 units of heparin/kg/day; but fibrin could still be demonstrated in the
      glomeruli of animals treated with 2000 units of heparin/kg/day, contrasting with
      the virtual absence of fibrin in animals given ancrod.

PMID- 1212802
TI  - Cell damage and dye reduction in the quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)
      test.
AB  - Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) is toxic to neutrophils; an effect which is greatly
      enhanced by endotoxin and latex particles. Cell damage, measured by the release
      of the cytoplasmic marker enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), was closely related
      to dye reduction. This suggests that, in this test, dye reduction occurs largely
      as a result of contact between intracellular reducing compounds and NBT following
      damage of the outer cell membrane. The expression of dye reduction as a function
      of LDH release should enhance the sensitivity of the quantitative NBT test by
      correcting for the observed intersubject variation in cell damage. The
      relationship between cell damage and dye reduction is a measure of the reducing
      capacity of the cell. This was normal in immature, bone marrow neutrophils, but
      diminished in neutrophils of patients with chronic granulomatous disease.

PMID- 1212804
TI  - Circadian rhythms in cell migration in vitro, and its effect on antigen-induced
      migration inhibition.
AB  - White cell migration from capillary tubes has been studied using blood taken from
      man and rats over a 24-hr period. When the blood white cell count was lowest in
      both species, the migration areas were maximal. In man, this variation did not
      affect the migration index obtained in response to a specific antigen.

PMID- 1212803
TI  - Contact sensitivity in alloxan-diabetic mice.
AB  - Alloxan-diabetic mice of Swiss, CBA and DBA/2 strains show a significant
      depression of contact sensitivity to oxazolone, as compared with normoglycaemic
      control animals, which is accompanied by the involution of the thymus and spleen.
      Insulin treatment partially restores the contact sensitivity in diabetic animals
      and also increases the weight of lymphatic organs. In contrast, the non-specific
      inflammatory response to oxazolone is not impaired in insulin-deficient mice.
      Further experiments have shown that neither sensitized lymphocytes of control
      animals given to diabetic mice, nor sensitized lymphocytes of diabetic mice
      injected into normoglycaemic recipients, were able to transfer passively any
      significant contact sensitivity. It is suggested that in alloxan-diabetic mice
      the function of T lymphocytes is affected.

PMID- 1212806
TI  - K-cell cytotoxic activity in the spleen and lymph nodes of tumour-bearing mice.
AB  - The cytotoxic activity of spleen and lymph node cells from female CBA mice
      bearing a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma on target cells coated with
      anti-target cell antibody has been investigated. Spleen cells from tumour-bearing
      mice caused a significantly greater degree of target cell lysis than did spleen
      cells from control mice. This increase in cytotoxicity was most apparent when a
      ratio of ten lymphoid cells to one target cell was used. With control mice, the
      mean cytotoxic index was 13.54 +/- 1.05 (s.e.m.) as compared to 55.00 +/- 6.11
      with tumour-bearing mice. An increase in the cytotoxic activity of lymph node
      cells was also noted. In control mice, the cytotoxic index, using a ratio of
      100:1 was 8.55 +/- 2.27. In tumour-bearing mice, the mean cytotoxic activity of
      the draining lymph node was 21.66 +/- 4.96, and of the contralateral lymph node,
      13.00 +/- 3.46.

PMID- 1212805
TI  - Modulation of the immune response to transplantation antigens. V. A comparison of
      the effects of antilymphocytic serum and enhancing alloantiserum on effector
      mechanisms of allograft rejection.
AB  - Administration of antilymphocytic serum (ALS) or alloantiserum at the time of
      graft both stimulate enhanced growth of a tumour allograft, but the effect of
      alloantiserum is weaker and more dependent on dose. Both antisera suppress (or
      delay) the development of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, and partly inhibit
      the development of activated, cytostatic macrophages. Apart from these central or
      afferent effects, ALS added to an in vitro culture of immune effector cells and
      EL4 target cells strongly inhibits cytotoxicity, while in this model,
      alloantiserum is less effective in this respect. The relevance of the effects
      observed in vitro to in vivo facilitation of allografts is discussed.

PMID- 1212807
TI  - Reduced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from twenty-three patients with SLE were
      studied. They showed a reduction in antibody-dependent cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity. This reduction was significantly related to disease activity. No
      correlations were found with other clinical features. Some of the possible
      explanations for this finding are discussed.

PMID- 1212808
TI  - Polymorphonuclear activation in leprosy. I. Spontaneous and endotoxin-stimulated
      reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium: effects of serum and plasma on endotoxin
      induced activation.
AB  - Spontaneous nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction was evaluated in neutrophils
      from patients with the different types and forms of leprosy, and compared with
      reduction obtained form cells from normal controls. Leucocytes from the same
      subjects were stimulated in vitro by endotoxin, and the rise in percentage of
      cells reducing NBT was determined. Patients of all groups, with the exception of
      those with reactional lepromatous leprosy (RLL) had an essentially normal
      proportion of reducing cells. Neutrophils were normally activated by endotoxin.
      This indicates that while Mycobacterium leprae does not by itself stimulate
      leucocytes from leprosy patients, there is no overall anergy of neutrophils in
      lepromatous or other forms of leprosy. In RLL the proportion of reducing cells
      was significantly raised. Stimulation with endotoxin was able further to enhance
      this proportion, but not above levels reached by stimulation of normal cells.
      Neutrophil activation could not be reproduced by mixing serum from highly
      activated RLL patients with normal leucocytes. An inhibitory effect of serum and
      plasma over in vitro endotoxin activation of neutrophils was found.

PMID- 1212809
TI  - In vitro production of IgE by lymphocytes from a patient with
      hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E, eosinophilia and increased lymphocytes carrying
      surface IgE.
AB  - The peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with massive
      hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E were used for in vitro studies. The serum IgE ranged
      from 140,000-210,000 u/ml. Peripheral blood lymphocytes had approximately 7% of
      cells staining for surface IgE. When these cells were cultured in vitro, IgE was
      produced as measured by the double antibody radioimmunoassay technique. The total
      IgE produced ranged from 140 to 484 units per 24 hr in different cultures. IgE
      production was greatest in the first 24 hr of culture and declined progressively
      thereafter. Some cultures still had measurable IgE at 48 hr. If the lymphocytes
      staining for surface IgE were the cells producing the IgE, it was estimated that
      between 1-7 and 2-8 molecules per cell per second were produced. No definite
      effect of concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen or phytohaemagglutinin on in vitro IgE
      production could be demonstrated under the conditions of these experiments.

PMID- 1212810
TI  - Depression of immune competence by phenytoin and carbamazepine. Studies in vivo
      and in vitro.
AB  - Depression of one or more parameters of cellular and/or humoral immune responses
      was found in 60% of general hospital patients treated with phenytoin and 47% of
      patients treated with carbamazepine. Phenytoin-treated patients failed to
      manifest delayed hypersensitivity (DHS) reactions to common antigens, and to make
      antibody to Salmonella typhi and tetanus toxoid. Serum levels of IgA and IgM, DNA
      synthesis in circulating leucocytes, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced
      deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis were also low. Depression of IgA, DHS reactivity
      and antibody responsiveness to S. typhi were shown to develop after the
      commencement of phenytoin therapy in a study of eleven patients. The presence of
      immunological defects was independent of the dosage of drug, its serum
      concentration, the duration of therapy and the sex of the subject. Studies in
      vitro provided evidence that immunosuppression was the result of a direct effect
      of phenytoin on the metabolism of lymphoid cells. Carbamazepine was shown to have
      a similar but less potent direct effect. Pharmacological concentrations of
      phenytoin caused a significant depression of DNA synthesis in PHA-stimulated and
      non-stimulated blood cell cultures in vitro. High concentrations in addition
      caused depression of cell counts, lymphocyte blastogenesis, ribonucleic acid and
      protein synthesis. Phenytoin was not cytocidal at concentrations of up to 125
      mug/ml. Depression of DNA synthesis by phenytoin was maximal when phenytoin was
      added within 4-8 hr of the addition of PHA. PHA-induced DNA synthesis was not
      significantly affected by pre-incubation with phenytoin. In vivo, the presence of
      immunological defects was not related to phenytoin-induced folic acid deficiency.
      High concentrations of carbamazepine, but not phenobarbitone or diazepam caused a
      significant depression of PHA-stimulated DNA synthesis in blood cell cultures.
      The data show that immunosuppression is a common side-effect of phenytoin
      therapy, and that lymphoma is rare. They suggest that in the presence of
      phenytoin-induced immunosuppression another factor, or factors are required to
      induce the formation of lymphoma.

PMID- 1212811
TI  - The effects of defibrination with ancrod in experimental allergic glomerular
      injury.
AB  - Quantitative studies of the effects of defibrination (with ancrod) have been
      undertaken in two forms of allergic glomerular damage, nephrotoxic serum
      nephritis and acute serum sickness in rabbits. No differences in intrarenal
      fixation of nephrotoxic antibody, complement activation or host antibody response
      were detected between defibrinated and untreated rabbits with nephrotoxic serum
      nephritis. Defibrination prevented intraglomerular fibrin deposition in this
      disease; but some glomerular damage as shown by a rise in blood urea and
      endothelial proliferation still occurred in defibrinated animals. No differences
      in immune elimination of BSA, circulating immune complex formation or intrarenal
      localization of immune complexes were noted in defibrinated animals with acute
      serum sickness. No intraglomerular fibrin deposition was detected in treated or
      untreated animals in this disease model. It is concluded that the protective
      effects of ancrod are directly related to defibrination, and not to any other
      modification of allergic events.

PMID- 1212812
TI  - Platelet aggregation by isolated and aggregated human IgG.
AB  - Isolated myeloma proteins of the four human IgG subclasses, aggregated by heat of
      bis-diazotized benzidine (BDB), induced aggregation of human platelets (Pl.A.)
      demonstrable by the sedimentation pattern test. With this sensitive technique,
      approximately 0-1 mug/ml of BDB-aggregated IgG1 and IgG3 could be detected
      whereas 200 to 1000 times higher concentrations of IgG2 and IgG4 were required
      for the Pl.A. reaction. The reaction pattern showed similarities with complement
      fixation tests.

PMID- 1212813
TI  - Formalinized tumour cells in the leucocyte migration inhibition test.
AB  - Immunization studies indicate that formalinized tumour cells retain at least part
      of their gross membrane structure and antigenicity; they are relatively easy to
      prepare and store well over a period of months. We have used formalinized tumour
      cells as antigen in the leucocyte migration inhibition test. Leucocyte migration
      inhibition occurred in leucocytes from thirty-eight out of sixty-nine malignant
      melanoma patients and from fifty-five out of eight-one breast cancer patients
      when in contact with formalinized tumour cells of a histologically similar type.
      Melanoma patients' and breast cancer patients' leucocytes were infrequently
      inhibited on contact with cells from histologically dissimilar human tumours and
      from xenogeneic mouse melanomas. Other advantages of formalinized cells over
      antigens prepared by homogenizing tumour tissue include a greater degree of
      inhibition and the ability to demonstrate a dose-response relationship between
      the ratio of leucocytes:tumour cells and the migration index.

PMID- 1212814
TI  - An absolute requirement for serum macromolecules in phytohaemagglutinin-induced
      human lymphocyte DNA synthesis.
AB  - We have examined the effect of different variables such as tissue culture media,
      with or without various supplements, lymphocyte isolation techniques, lymphocyte
      contamination by autologous red blood cells and platelets, and lymphocyte
      numbers, on the requirement for serum during phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced
      DNA synthesis in human lymphocytes. At all mitogen doses tested, we have found
      that dialysable constituents of serum enrich the ability of all tissue culture
      media to support lymphocyte DNA synthesis; however, human lymphocytes display an
      absolute requirement for nondialysable macromolecular constituents of serum in
      order to synthesize DNA.

PMID- 1212815
TI  - Circadian rhythmicity of human plasma cortisol and PHA-induced lymphocyte
      transformation.
AB  - In two experiments, lymphocytes from six healthy subjects were sampled every 4
      hr, counted, and cultured with PHA. Plasma cortisol in the same blood samples was
      measured and showed an expected circadian variation in level. A circadian rhythm
      in lymphocyte transformability to PHA was found to coincide directly with the
      cortisol level but varied inversely with lymphocyte numbers. The relationship
      between cortisol and lymphocyte transformability could be fortuitous or might
      indicate a role for cortisol in controlling lymphocyte function in vivo.

PMID- 1212816
TI  - HL-A3 and HL-A7 in pernicious anaemia and autoimmune atrophic gastritis.
AB  - Increased frequencies of HL-A7 and the HL-A3,7 haplotype have been demonstrated
      in pernicious anaemia. There was no significant increase in any HL-A specificity
      in autoimmune atrophic gastritis. In the whole series of patients with either
      pernicious anaemia or atrophic gastritis there was a significant increase in the
      frequency of HL-A3. No association has been found between any HL-A specificity
      and an increased incidence of either serum gastric parietal cell or intrinsic
      factor antibody compared with the overall incidence in pernicious anaemia,
      atrophic gastritis or in the whole series.

PMID- 1212817
TI  - Immunological studies in children with acute viral hepatitis.
AB  - Sera from 116 consecutive unselected cases of sporadic acute viral hepatitis in
      children were examined for hepatitis B antigen (HBAg), smooth-muscle
      autoantibodies (SMA), other autoantibodies and immunoglobulins, and skin tests
      were performed with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). HBAg was detected in twenty-one
      and SMA in ninety-eight out of 116 sera that had been obtained during the 1st or
      2nd week from the onset of jaundice. Hepatitis B antigen was present in seventeen
      out of the eighteen SMA negative patients (94-4%) and in only four out of the
      ninety-eight SMA-positive patients (4-1%). The presence of SMA was not related to
      the sex and age of the patients or to the serum bilirubin and transaminase
      levels. SMA did not persist for more than 6 weeks from the onset of jaundice in
      most of the cases. In twenty-eight out of forty-one sera which were tested the
      IgM level was found to be elevated during the acute phase of illness and within
      normal limits during the recovery stage. A negative correlation between the
      presence of SMA and the elevated serum IgM level and the presence of HB Ag in the
      same patients was observed. The DNCB skin test was found to be positive in all
      fifty-two patients who did not have HBAg in their serum and in twenty out of the
      twenty-one patients who had circulating HbAg. From these findings there appears
      to be no gross impairment of cell-mediated immunity in acute viral hepatitis, and
      hepatitis A is associated with SMA production and an increase in serum IgM
      levels, when compared to hepatitis associated with HBAg.

PMID- 1212818
TI  - Immunoglobulin patterns in humans over 95 years of age.
AB  - Immunoglobulin patterns were investigated in seventy-three volunteers older than
      95 years. An idiopathic paraproteinaemia was found in 19% of the cases. A
      restriction of heterogeneity and an imbalance in the kappa/lambda ratio of the
      immunoglobulins was seen in a number of other sera. Determinations of
      immunoglobulin levels in sera of individuals without paraproteinaemia showed an
      increase in IgA and IgG. The quantitations of the IgG subclasses demonstrated
      that an increase in the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses is responsible for the elevated
      level of the IgG. The variation in the immunoglobulin levels increased
      significantly with age of IgM and for the three major IgG subclasses. No
      abnormalities were found in the urine or in the mixed saliva. These results
      indicate that selective changes in the extent of the antibody-immunoglobulin
      repertoire characterize the immunoglobulin pattern of ageing man.

PMID- 1212819
TI  - The influence of preoperative drug treatment on the extent of hyperplasia of the
      thymus in primary thyrotoxicosis.
AB  - Thymic biopsies taken from women at the beginning of the operation of subtotal
      thyroidectomy were studied by the point-counting histometric technique. In all
      patients with primary thyrotoxicosis, the thymus is hyperplastic. After
      pretreatment with antithyroid drugs, the pattern of thymic involution with age is
      similar to, but at higher levels, than that in control groups of patients with
      non-toxic goitre in whom there is no evidence of immunological abnormality. By
      contrast, after propranolol pretreatment very little age involution is seen. The
      differences in the appearance of the thymus in female primary thyrotoxixosis
      patients prepared for operation with different drug treatment regimes are
      probably related to the pharmacological actions of the drugs and may indicate an
      interaction between primary immunological and secondary endocrinological factors
      in the disease process.

PMID- 1212820
TI  - Studies on human IgD myeloma proteins. Carbohydrate composition of intact
      proteins and some proteolytic fragments.
AB  - Human IgD myeloma proteins are shown to have a high carbohydrate content (9-18%)
      and to exhibit the same heterogeneity in carbohydrate content and composition as
      myeloma protein of the other immunoglobulin classes. All IgD proteins studied
      contain N-acetylgalactosamine which is contained in a carbohydrate moiety
      attached within the "hinge" region of the heavy chain whilst the bulk of the
      carbohydrate is attached within the Fcdelta region of the molecule.

PMID- 1212821
TI  - Dermal exudate macrophages. Induction in dermal chambers and response to
      lymphokines.
AB  - Chambers were implanted in the dorsum of guinea-pigs at the dermal-subcutaneous
      junction. Exudates were induced and harvested. Macrophages obtained were able to
      migrate in vitro. If procured from sensitized donors, macrophage migration was
      inhibited by the corresponding antigen. Dermal exudate macrophages are therefore
      subject to the effect of lymphokines. The chamber model may be useful for in vivo
      studies of cell to cell and cell-parasite interactions.

PMID- 1212823
TI  - Clinical teratology. Foreword.

PMID- 1212822
TI  - Radiation therapy in gynecologic cancer: future prospects.

PMID- 1212825
TI  - Current concepts in gynecologic oncology.

PMID- 1212824
TI  - Basic principles of nuclear organization.
AB  - The preceding discussion is summarized in Table 1. It is clear that the
      organization of the genetic material and the ability to transmit information to
      the cytoplasm involve a number of different components that must maintain
      specific chemical and physical relationships to one another. An alteration of any
      of these relationships could affect a variety of cellular processes, including
      development.

PMID- 1212826
TI  - Editorial: Surgical oncology.

PMID- 1212827
TI  - Does early detection of bone metastases by scanning improve prognosis in breast
      cancer?

PMID- 1212828
TI  - Results of a prospective clinical trial comparing two cytotoxic regimes
      containing adriamycin in women with advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 1212829
TI  - Postoperative intracavitary chemotherapy of malignant supratentorial astrocytomas
      using BCNU.

PMID- 1212830
TI  - Anticancer drugs: pharmacology and drug interactions.

PMID- 1212831
TI  - Simultaneous bilateral malignant testicular tumours. A case report.

PMID- 1212832
TI  - Drill biopsy in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

PMID- 1212833
TI  - The 'tru-cut' biopsy in breast cancer.

PMID- 1212834
TI  - A radiological and histological study of prostatic calcification associated with
      primary carcinoma; a comparison with mammary microcalcification.

PMID- 1212835
TI  - Leucoerythroblastosis in breast cancer.

PMID- 1212836
TI  - The role of thoracotomy in the management of the pulmonary metastases of
      gestational choriocarcinoma.

PMID- 1212837
TI  - Chromosomes and the biology of cancer.

PMID- 1212838
TI  - Remarks on biomedical engineering.

PMID- 1212839
TI  - Computer simulation of biological models using the Inners approach.

PMID- 1212841
TI  - A model describing the intravascular distribution of blood volume following a
      volume load.

PMID- 1212840
TI  - Signal dispersion within a hippocampal neural network.

PMID- 1212842
TI  - Simulation of inotropy in myocardial mechanics: comparison to pharmacologic
      interventions.

PMID- 1212843
TI  - Models of energy metabolism of intact animals: data tabulations, representation
      of basal metabolic activities and endocrine effects upon metabolism.

PMID- 1212844
TI  - Spectral analysis of seizures in humans.

PMID- 1212846
TI  - Designing computer software for information systems in psychiatry.

PMID- 1212845
TI  - Modeling, identification and parameter estimation of bilirubin kinetics in
      normal, hemolytic and Gilbert's states.

PMID- 1212847
TI  - More on piecewise linear approximation.

PMID- 1212848
TI  - A computer-based information system for managing patients on long-term oral
      anticoagulants.

PMID- 1212849
TI  - A totally computerized cardiac pacemaker surveillance system.

PMID- 1212850
TI  - Letter: Treatment selection in coronary artery disease--some comments on a recent
      paper by Starmer et al.

PMID- 1212851
TI  - [Neurophysiological and endocrinological bases for sexual activity].

PMID- 1212852
TI  - [Psycho-sexual consequences of sterilization].

PMID- 1212853
TI  - [Artificial insemination and the establishment of interference in human
      reproduction].

PMID- 1212854
TI  - [Sperm conservation centers and artificial insemination].

PMID- 1212856
TI  - [The new law concerning volontary interruption of pregnancy].

PMID- 1212855
TI  - [Testicular physiology and pathology. III. Male hypogonadism].

PMID- 1212858
TI  - Immunotherapy of solid tumors.

PMID- 1212857
TI  - Anaerobic bacteremia.

PMID- 1212859
TI  - Is a systematic annual chest film useful?

PMID- 1212860
TI  - Cytosine arabinoside and cranial irradiation in the treatment of meningeal
      leukemia.

PMID- 1212861
TI  - Vitamin C. A review and reassessment of pharmacological and therapeutic uses.

PMID- 1212862
TI  - Primary care task force. Interim report.

PMID- 1212864
TI  - The Connecticut cancer epidemiology unit.

PMID- 1212863
TI  - Health education: moving to center stage.

PMID- 1212865
TI  - Rights in mental health care: the situation of the adolescent.

PMID- 1212866
TI  - Characteristics of the good physician.

PMID- 1212867
TI  - The medical examiner and aircraft accident investigation. The June, 1971 crash at
      East Haven.

PMID- 1212868
TI  - Effects of physical training on central haemodynamics and working capacity in
      myocardial infarction.
AB  - Changes in central haemodynamics and physical working capacity were followed in
      23 patients with myocardial infarction: in 12 of them, after six-month intense
      physical training, and in 11, after an equal control period without training. The
      haemodynamic indicators revealed after rehabilitation a significant decrease in
      the exercise heart rate in comparison with the unchanged value in the controls.
      The changes in the other haemodynamic values were not significant. The pulmonary
      arterial end-diastolic pressure, regarded as an indicator of the left ventricular
      filling pressure, sustained no significant change by the training. Some
      additional changes, such as decreases in the arterial and venous oxygen pressure
      both at rest and during exercise, were found in both groups of patients. The
      physical working capacity increased significantly after rehabilitation in
      comparison to the control group. It is emphasized that no adverse influence upon
      the central haemodynamics was revealed in patients with myocardial infarction
      after intense training according to WHO criteria.

PMID- 1212869
TI  - Clinico-biochemical, immunological, and morphological assessment of myocardial
      inflammatory reactions in myocardial necroses.
AB  - In 328 patients with myocardial infarction, changes were followed occurring in
      the levels of haptoglobin (Hp) and chloride-soluble mucoprotein (CMP),
      heterogeneity of mucoprotein, and titres of anticardial antibodies. From the 2nd
      3rd days after infarction, the levels of Hp, CMP, and 3rd and 4th mucoprotein
      fractions increased and remained elevated for 4 weeks; then the levels gradually
      sank, and normalized in the 7th-8th weeks after infarction. The anticardial
      antibody titres remained high from the 3rd to the 6th weeks. In 37 patients who
      died, the clinico-biochemical, immunobiological, and morphological findings were
      compared. It was found that assessments of the Hp and CMP levels as well as of
      mucoprotein heterogeneity make it possible to appraise the intensity of
      inflammatory reaction in myocardial necroses and thus facilitate the choice of
      differentiated antiinflammatory treatment of patients with myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1212871
TI  - An improved classification of ballistocardiographic changes.
AB  - On the basis of a critical analysis of the most frequently used classifications
      of ballistocardiographic changes, an improved classification is proposed, which
      simultaneously respects the degree of pathological changes appraised according to
      Brown; the configurations and amplitudes of waves and segments, as well as their
      dependences on time. The proposed classification essentially accepts the symbols
      used in the classifications used up to the present, thus obviating errors and
      mistakes which the new classification might involve. The improved classification
      facilitates a better differentiation of first-degree pathological changes into
      those caused by disturbances of cardiovascular dynamics and those due to
      extracardial factors.

PMID- 1212870
TI  - The effect of atrial pacing on the mitral echocardiogram of mitral stenosis
      recorded simultaneously with haemodynamic data.
AB  - Simultaneous mitral echocardiograms and haemodynamic data were recorded in six
      cases of mitral stenosis during atrial pacing. Due to the prolongation of the P-R
      interval during atrial pacing, the diastolic closure rate E-F was measurable up
      to a heart rate of 80 per min. only. At a heart rate of 80 or less, both in sinus
      rhythm and during atrial pacing the diastolic closure rate remained essentially
      the same in each case. However, above 80/min E-F became too short and post-atrial
      systolic closure A-B only was available for measurement which was higher in each
      case than its corresponding E-F value. This contrasts with cases with sinus
      rhythm where the diastolic closure rate E-F measurable up to a heart rate of 110
      per minute.

PMID- 1212872
TI  - Tip surface changes in endocardial stimulation electrode, visualised by scanning
      electron microscopy.
AB  - The authors have been probably the first investigators who applied scanning
      electron microscopy to studies of the changes occurring in the surface of the
      metalic tip of an endocardial stimulating electrode. They found a lowered
      conductivity for secondary electron emission, and describe the surface changes in
      a platiniridium-tipped electrode which had been used for almost four years, in
      comparison with an unused electrode.

PMID- 1212873
TI  - Fractional composition and metabolism of proteins, and levels of polynucleotides,
      in canine heart in experimental myocardial infarction.
AB  - In 108 dogs, experimental infarction of the left ventricular anterior wall was
      produced by ligation of the descending branch of left coronary artery, and the
      myocardium was tested for the total content, fractional composition, and
      metabolism of proteins as well as for the levels of nucleic acids. The most
      profound metabolic changes were found in the necrotic zone, where there occur an
      irreversible decrease in the content of soluble proteins, an accumulation of
      stromatic fractions, and an inhibition of fundamental reactions of nitrogen
      metabolism; during the period of organization of the infarct, the ribonucleic
      acid level steeply rises. In the intact left ventricular segment there occur
      changes analogous to those in the infarcted zone, but less intense; such changes
      combine with some alterations of rather compensatory nature, which, however, are
      characteristic of those myocardial segments in which the coronary circulation has
      not been disturbed.

PMID- 1212874
TI  - [Effect of angiotensin II on the pattern of plasma free fatty acids in 2
      hypertension models in rabbits].
AB  - The effect of exogenous angiotensin II on the spectrum of nonesterified fatty
      acids (NEFA) in blood plasma was studied by gas-chromatographic analysis in 10
      normotonic rabbits, 12 rabbits with experimental hypertension induced by
      sinoaortic denervation, and in 14 rabbits with experimental renal hypertension.
      One minute after injection of angiotensin II, the following changes were found in
      the spectrum of NEFA: increase in the fraction of saturated, and decrease in the
      fraction of unsaturated NEFA;the intensity of these changes was higher in the
      animals with renal hypertension than in those with hypertension induced by
      sinoaortic denervation, and lowest in the normotonic rabbits. Thirty to sixty
      minutes after injection the above changes further gained in intensity in both
      models of hypertension, whereas in normotonic rabbits the changes rather receded.
      A growing dominance of palmitic acid, persistent elevation of stearic acid,
      decreases in the levels of monoenolic oleic and palmitoleic acids as well as of
      polyenolic fatty acids were observed.

PMID- 1212875
TI  - Action of E and A prostaglandins on isolated aorta of rats with spontaneous
      hypertension.
AB  - The action of prostaglandins of the E and A groups on isolated aortic smooth
      muscle strips of rats with spontaneous hypertension (Okamoto-Aoki) (SHR) was
      investigated in order to follow up whether, and to what extent, an alteration of
      vascular reactivity exists in this model of hypertension, as well as to test the
      effect of vasodepressor prostaglandins on vessels of spontaneously hypertensive
      rats. The experiments were carried out on aortic strips of 10 control
      normotensive rats, and of 10 SHR. The contractions of the isolated vessel strips
      were recorded by means of an induction coil displacement transducer on an ink
      writing electron compensated registration device. The results of the study
      indicate that the isolated aortic strips of normotensive rats and of SHR respond
      by contraction to the action of vasodepressor prostaglandins, i.e. paradoxically.
      It was also established that the reactivity of the isolated aortic strip of SHR
      to vasodepressor prostaglandins is smaller in comparison to the reactivity of the
      aorta of control normotensive rats. An attempt is made to explain the paradoxical
      response of isolated aortic strips of normotensive rats, and of SHR. It is
      pointed out that contrary to studies on the action of angiotensin, in studies on
      the vasodepressor action of prostaglandins isolated aortic smooth muscle strips
      cannot be used as an indicator of vascular reactivity, and especially of
      resistance vessels reactivity, since their response to hypotensive prostaglandins
      is paradoxical in both normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1212876
TI  - Heart failure. Pathogenesis of heart failure and diagnosis of the incipient stage
      of heart failure.

PMID- 1212877
TI  - Errors in data derived from pulmonary artery blood gas values.
AB  - Blood gas values were obtained from Swan-Ganz pulmonary artery catheters in 25
      patients with acute pulmonary failure, with the objective of evaluating the
      possibility of contamination with "arterialized" blood and examining the
      mechanism by which this might happen. Blood oxygen content increased
      significantly from the main to a segmental pulmonary artery, proportional to the
      withdrawal rate of the sample. At 3 ml/min, distal contents ranged from 100 to
      116% of proximal values (p less than 0.01). At 23 ml/min the range was 100-140%
      of proximal values (p less than 0.001). Sampling of blood from a Swan-Ganz
      catheter in the usual position for "wedge" pressure measurement, but with a
      balloon deflated, may lead to large errors in calculation of cardiac output by
      the Fick method and in calculation of intrapulmonary shunt fraction.

PMID- 1212878
TI  - Hemoglobinemia in heroin overdose patients.
AB  - Four heroin-overdosed patients presented with coma, elevated serum enzymes
      (creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT),
      and increased levels of plasma free hemoglobin. In two patients marked
      myoglobinuria was also detected. The plasma free hemoglobin returned to normal
      levels by the 3rd hospital day. Since coma may eventuate in compression of
      muscles, we suggest that the disruption of erythrocytes occurs as they traverse
      these ischemic areas.

PMID- 1212879
TI  - Priorities in management of trauma victims.
AB  - Good results of the emergency management of trauma victims depend on recognition
      of serious injuries and rapid, effective treatment as well as anticipation and
      prevention of complications. The most spectacular injury is not always the most
      urgent and life-threatening. Based on priorities of management, care is
      recommended to improve mortality and morbidity statistics. Suggestions for
      effective treatment of rapidly lethal lesions and preparations for transporting
      seriously injured patients are also outlined.

PMID- 1212880
TI  - Evaluation of tube deformation pressure in vitro.

PMID- 1212881
TI  - Dialyzer-augmented whole blood and plasma exchange for patients with hepatic or
      hepatorenal failure.
AB  - We have utilized new methods of dialyzer-augmented whole blood and plasma
      exchange tranfusion in the treatment of hepatic coma. The method employs the new
      fast flow Buselmeier shunt so that the exchange can be done from a peripheral
      radial artery shunt site rather than a shunt site in a more major vessel, such as
      the brachial artery. The method employs in-line dialysis of citrated (CPD) blood
      or plasma to normalize pH, electrolytes, and blood sugar while infusion
      heparinization decreases heparin requirements. The application of a single roller
      pump to the administration and withdrawal lines (placed in opposite directions)
      helps equalize inflow and outflow where whole blood exchange is done while
      identical opposing pumps accomplish the same with plasma exchange. The
      administration of albumin and metaraminol bitartate prevents hypotension due to
      fluid shifts or compartmental venous dilatation. A closed circuit which does not
      require disconnection throughout the 30- 60-minute whole blood exchange or the 2
      1/2-hour plasma exchange decreases the risk of septic contamination to both
      medical staff and patients.

PMID- 1212882
TI  - Toxicological decisions and recommendations resulting from the safety assessment
      of pesticide residues in food.

PMID- 1212883
TI  - Monitoring of lithium treatment through determination of lithium concentration.

PMID- 1212884
TI  - Histopathological coding: a model developed by a comission under the Danish
      Society of Pathological Anatomy.

PMID- 1212885
TI  - Ventricular septal rupture in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1212886
TI  - Relative mortality after acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1212887
TI  - Hypophysectomy and thyroid function.

PMID- 1212888
TI  - ABO blood groups in duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and the pseudo-ulcer syndrome.

PMID- 1212889
TI  - [Report of the activities of the Acade'mie de Chirurgie during 1974].

PMID- 1212890
TI  - [Indications and technics of reimplantations of left vertebral arteries stemming
      from the aortic arch].

PMID- 1212891
TI  - [Portal obstruction without change in the hepatic parenchyma. 2 cases of
      mesentericcaval shunt. Late result. Recent technic].

PMID- 1212892
TI  - [Pancreatic tumors with both endocrine and exocrine components and carcinoid
      syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1212893
TI  - [Anuria involving the residual kidney caused by unruptured hypogastric aneurysm].

PMID- 1212894
TI  - [Thrombosis of the axillary artery following shoulder dislocation. Venous
      autograft. Cure. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 1212895
TI  - [Value of total gastrectomy for treatment of cancers of the stomach. Study of 482
      radical operations].

PMID- 1212897
TI  - [100 cases of intra-epithelial epithelioma of the cervix uteri. Study of surgical
      specimens and results of treatment].

PMID- 1212896
TI  - [Cystic retroperitoneal lymphangioma with chylous content opacified by
      lymphangiography. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 1212898
TI  - The cytogenetic structure of Tasmanian populations of Phaulacridium vittatum.
AB  - In 8 out of 20 Tasmanian populations of Phaulacridium vittatum from 0.3-11.0
      percent of the males carried a single supernumerary chromosome. In such males the
      X and B univalents are both heteropycnotic at first prophase of male meiosis and
      associate with another in a non-homolgous manner in about two-thirds of the
      diplotene cells examined. In all 56 B-containing individuals studied, however,
      these associations lapse by first metaphase and the X and the B move at random
      with respect to one another at first anaphase. The supernumerary in this species
      is stable and only 5 of the 56 individuals with supernumeraries showed evidence
      of B-chromosome non-disjunction in the pre-meiotic mitoses. Since there was no
      other evidence for the loss or gain of supernumeraries in the male line it is
      clear that B-transmission is regular in the males of this species. There were
      significant differences between population with respect to mean cell chiasma
      frequency but there was no significant effect of the B-chromosome on this metric.
      Additionally a comparison of mean cell chiasma frequency in follicles with and
      without supernumeraries from a mosaic individual shows no significant difference.

PMID- 1212899
TI  - Chromosome distribution in neuroblast metaphase cells of Lucusta migratoria L.
AB  - Chromosome distribution has been investigated at metaphase and C-metaphase in
      neuroblast cells of Locusta migratoria embryos. There is no evidence for
      generalised somatic association of homologues or nucleolus organising chromosomes
      at either stage. Homologous chromosomes 9 are found closer together than expected
      in C-metaphase but this seems to be due to their tendency to lie in the centre of
      the C-metaphase squash.

PMID- 1212900
TI  - Chromosome markers in Mus musculus: differences in C-banding between the
      subspecies M.m. musculus and M.m. molossinus.
AB  - Quinacrine (Q-band) and centromeric heterochromatin (C-band) patterns of
      metaphase chromosomes of two subspecies of Mus musculus were compared. M.m.
      musculus (the laboratory mouse) and M.m. molossinus (a subspecies from Southeast
      Asia) had similar Q-band patterns along the length of the chromosomes, but
      differences were observed in the centromeric region of some chromosomes. The two
      subspecies had very different distributions of C-band material. Antibodies to 5
      methyleytosine were bound to regions of the chromosome corresponding to the C
      bands in each animal. These findings support the idea that satellite DNA, which
      is concentrated in the C-band region, changes more quickly than bulk DNA. The
      interfertility of these two subspecies permits the development of a musculus
      strain carrying normal marker chromosomes for genetic studies.

PMID- 1212901
TI  - Influence of temperature on the detectibility and chromosomal distribution of
      specific DNA sequences by in situ hybridisation.
AB  - Hybridising certain AT-rich satellite complementary RNAs (cRNAs) to their
      homologous chromosomal DNA sequences at different temperatures of incubation
      results in a different dispersion of autoradiographic label throughout the
      karyotypes. The temperature at which most label, or cRNA-DNA hybrid formation,
      exists corresponds to the optimal rate temperature for the hybridisation of these
      same satellite cRNA-DNA hybrids as determined by RNA excess filter hybridisation.
      It is likely that the in situ hybridisation results can therefore be explained by
      the fact that there is a similar temperature-dependence on the rate of hybrid
      formation for both in situ and RNA excess hybridisation. This should have
      important implications for the designing of in situ hybridisation experiments in
      general.

PMID- 1212902
TI  - Distribution of sister chromatid exchanges in the euchromatin and heterochromatin
      of the Indian muntjac.
AB  - The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was determined for the
      chromosomes (except Y2) of the Indian muntjac stained by the fluorescence plus
      Giemsa (FPG) or harlequin chromosome technique. The relative DNA content of each
      of the chromosomes was also measured by scanning cytophotometry. After growth in
      bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for two DNA replication cycles. SCEs were distributed
      according to the Poisson formula in each of the chromosomes. The frequency of SCE
      in each of the chromosomes was directly proportional to DNA content. A more
      detailed analysis of SCEs was performed for the three morphologically
      distinguishable regions of the X-autosome composite chromosome. The SCE frequency
      in the euchromatic long arm and short arm were proportional to the amount of DNA.
      In contrast, the constitutive heterochromatin in the neck of this chromosome
      contained far fewer SCEs than expected on the basis of the amount of DNA in this
      region. A high frequency of SCE, however, was observed at the point junctions
      between the euchromatin and heterochromatin.

PMID- 1212903
TI  - Visualization of gene transcription in spermatocytes of Drosophila hydei.
AB  - X chromosomal and/or autosomal transcriptional activity has been visualized by
      electron microscopy in primary spermatocyte nuclei of Drosophila hydei lacking a
      Y chromosome. The spreading technique applied uses a mixture of a hypotonic
      medium plus a detergent to disperse single germ cells. No effect of the detergent
      on the quality of the spread was detected using spread rRNA cistrons as a
      reference. The intervals between the transcripts are highly variable ranging from
      0.1 mum to more than 3 mun. The RNP chains exhibit a more or less regular array
      of particles which reach a diameter of about 550 A. The estimation of transcript
      lengths leads to molecular weights between 107 daltons and 108 daltons. This is
      within the range of the huge transcripts of lampbrush loops, so far visualized
      only in amphibian oocytes.

PMID- 1212905
TI  - [Ultrastructural aspects of micropinocytosis in central nervous system synaptic
      endings].

PMID- 1212904
TI  - Puffing patterns during the fourth larval instar in Chironomus pallidivittatus
      salivary glands.
AB  - The puffing pattern of polytene chromosomes in salivary glands from Chironomus
      pallidivittatus larvae and prepupae has been studied in glutaraldehyde-acetic
      acid fixed, lactic acid flattened preparations. Some observations were also made
      on F1 hybrid species C. pallidivittatus X C. tentans. Concerning the situation of
      puffing in Balbiani rings (BR), 2.783 chromosomes IV from 188 animals were
      scored. In standard 4th instar larvae, BR2 appears expanded, BR3 smaller but not
      collapsed and BRI either reduced of collapsed. During the first days following
      the red-head stage, which signals the beginning of the 4th instar, larvae show a
      large BR1; later it reduces and tends to collapse. At the end of the 4th instar,
      prepupae again may present an expanded BR1. On the contrary, the size of BR2 and
      BR3 remains unchanged from the red-head stage to the prepupa. A variable
      accumulation of droplets has been observed to occur in BR2 and BR1 from dated
      larvae and prepupae.--A characteristic pattern of puffing was found in prepupae,
      which consisted in the appearance of conspicuous puffs at regions I-6B, I-7B, I
      7B, I-18C, III-9B and IV-4B. Puffs at I-2B, I-3B, I-9A,I-11C,II-4A, and IV-4B
      were observed during most of the 4th larval instar, as well as in late larvae and
      prepupae. Among all these puffs, those at I-7B, I-9A, I-17B, and IV-4B frequently
      showed variable amounts of droplets.

PMID- 1212906
TI  - [Lateral diffusion of rhodopsin in photoreceptor membranes of Rana ridibunda
      rods].

PMID- 1212907
TI  - [Study of thermal inactivation of human erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase by a
      kinetic analysis method].

PMID- 1212908
TI  - [Specific interaction of serum proteins from healthy subjects with double-helix
      RNA].

PMID- 1212909
TI  - [Interaction of lipids with brain contractile protein].

PMID- 1212910
TI  - [Neuronal organization of the "associative" region of the hedgehog cortex].

PMID- 1212911
TI  - [Dynamics of formation of the surface membrane in isolated microdroplets of
      Phycomyces blakesleeanus cytoplasm].

PMID- 1212913
TI  - [Content of neurospecific protein S-100 in the brain of mice of different inbred
      lines].

PMID- 1212914
TI  - [Effect of ionizing electromagnetic radiation on DNA in solution and on white
      blood cells].

PMID- 1212912
TI  - [Functional histochemistry of nuclear chromatin in vertebrate retinal neurons].

PMID- 1212915
TI  - [Theoretical and experimental study of the effect of salts on the catalytic
      properties of acetylcholinesterase].

PMID- 1212916
TI  - [Effect of thyroxine on specific changes in the energetics of myocardial
      contraction].

PMID- 1212917
TI  - [Structure of the chromophoric part of hyperforin].

PMID- 1212918
TI  - [Paramagnetic analog of tetranol].

PMID- 1212919
TI  - [Amino acid composition of protein substances in the "accumulation water" of
      amphibian larvae].

PMID- 1212920
TI  - [Nature of forbidden meridional reflexes on x-ray pictures of actin-containing
      filaments].

PMID- 1212921
TI  - [Biosynthesis of cell wall components by yeast protoplasts in the presence of
      cycloheximide and 2-deoxy-D-glucose].

PMID- 1212922
TI  - [Ribosomal proteins of the photosynthesizing bacterium Chromatium vinosum].

PMID- 1212923
TI  - [Structure of molecular aggregates capable of highly effective cyclic
      photophosphorylation].

PMID- 1212924
TI  - [Significance of efferent regulation of carotid labyrinth chemoreceptors in
      ensuring their stability].

PMID- 1212927
TI  - Tricyclic antidepressives and glaucoma: what's the risk?

PMID- 1212925
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic study of the effect of hydrocortisone on the
      surface and shape of erythrocytes].

PMID- 1212926
TI  - Topical corticosteroids in ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1212928
TI  - [Adrenal gland radiography].

PMID- 1212929
TI  - [Chancroid in Finland].

PMID- 1212930
TI  - [Clinico-pathological conference XXVIII. Prolonged hematuria, destruction of the
      nasal septum and pulmonary infiltrates].

PMID- 1212931
TI  - [Methods of estimation of fetal age].

PMID- 1212932
TI  - [Lumbar puncture].

PMID- 1212933
TI  - [Coronary arterial changes in children].

PMID- 1212934
TI  - [Amniotic fluid analysis in the early diagnosis of fetal abnormalities].

PMID- 1212935
TI  - [Avascular necrosis of the femoral head after transcervical fracture].

PMID- 1212936
TI  - [Clinico-pathological conference XXIX. Tumor infiltration and destruction of 2
      thoracic vertebrae in thoracic radiography].

PMID- 1212937
TI  - [Serum ferritin in the diagnosis of iron deficiency].

PMID- 1212938
TI  - [Expansive hydrocephalus in children].

PMID- 1212939
TI  - [Reduction of the mortality rate in traffic acciddent in 1974 compared with the
      mortality rate in tuberculosis and with infant death].

PMID- 1212940
TI  - [Meditation--relaxation].

PMID- 1212941
TI  - [Practolol and sclerosing peritonitis].

PMID- 1212942
TI  - [Clinico-pathological conference XXX. Lung changes and eosinophilia with
      tuberculosis and mitral valve disease].

PMID- 1212943
TI  - [Therapeutic problems in multiple injuries].

PMID- 1212944
TI  - [Pathophysiology and therapy in traumatic shock].

PMID- 1212945
TI  - [Tissue hypoxia in injured patients].

PMID- 1212946
TI  - [Respiratory complications in patients with multiple injuries].

PMID- 1212948
TI  - [Posttraumatic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1212947
TI  - [Changes in energy metabolism in severe tissue trauma].

PMID- 1212949
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of brain injuries].

PMID- 1212950
TI  - [Abdominal injuries in patients with multiple injuries].

PMID- 1212951
TI  - [Osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1212952
TI  - [Treatment of severe compound fractures].

PMID- 1212953
TI  - [Emergency care and patient transport].

PMID- 1212954
TI  - [Psychogenic factors in coronary heart disease].

PMID- 1212955
TI  - [Medical and social aspects of teenage pregnancies].

PMID- 1212956
TI  - [Therapeutic methods and results in child and adolescent psychiatry].

PMID- 1212957
TI  - [Deaths associated with chlomethiazole (Heminevrin) therapy].

PMID- 1212958
TI  - [Mycoplasmas and fertility].

PMID- 1212960
TI  - [X-ray in the differential diagnosis of obstructive icterus].

PMID- 1212959
TI  - [Nomenclature of peptide and protein hormones].

PMID- 1212961
TI  - [Diagnostic reliability of mammography in hospitalized patients].

PMID- 1212962
TI  - [Tumor-like formations in the cecum following appendectomy].

PMID- 1212963
TI  - [Social research as applied to health].
AB  - The concepts that have influenced relations between the social sciences and
      health down the years are broadly analyzed. Various approaches to integration of
      the social sciences with medicine are described, including social sciences as the
      study of culture, social medicine, and medicine as a social science. In
      conclusion, it is suggested that the search for an alternative to the functional
      approach to health problems should begin with a redefinition of the aims of
      medicine. Some attempts along these lines are reviewed.

PMID- 1212964
TI  - [Considerations on the nature and dynamics of medical practice].
AB  - Those criteria of analysis are rejected which attribute changes in medical
      practice to deviations from ethical orientation. Instead, objective criteria are
      proposed that take into account both the internal and external factors in medical
      practice. "Medical knowledge" - an organized body of general and abstract
      knowledge acquired through the study of disciplines whose subject matter
      represents only a small part of the real world and isolated from their
      application to the general and concrete object which is man - is one of the two
      elements that come to the fore as a criterion of analysis. The second is the user
      of medical practice - the healthy or sick person, who in each case represents a
      global reality different from the sum of generic abstractions that may have been
      formulated about him, thus constituting a particular being who is both the agent
      and the product of his personal and social history. Between the regular features
      of the biological level and the special features of the humanistic level there is
      a contradiction, since the professional has at his disposal more and more partial
      knowledge about the object of medical practice and fewer and fewer references
      about its totality. This leads him to transfer the object of his practice from
      the individual to the disease, to reduce the reality of the person to so many
      categories of abstractions, to transform the concrete patient into an "abstract"
      one, who may go from being a "victim" to a "defendant" once the "atypical"
      somatic characteristics derived from his personal and social adjustment become
      manifest.

PMID- 1212965
TI  - [Program of research on models of delivery of health services. New methodology
      for the training of midwives health promoters and nursing auxiliares].
AB  - A Program of Research on Models for the Delivery of Health Services (PRIMOPS) is
      being conducted jointly by the Cauca Valley University and the Colombian Ministry
      of Public Health through the Municipal Health Department of Cali, Colombia.
      Designed for the maternal and child health area, the program is being carried out
      initially in a low-income district of Cali which has a population of 100,000.
      Health services are furnished under a regionalized system using a team consisting
      of a midwife, a health promoter, a nursing auxiliary, a nurse, and a physician.
      These workers provide care specifically related to mothers and children drawing
      on the resources of the home, the local health station, and the university
      hospital. Since the program involves the testing of a new methodology of health
      services delivery which includes the use of nonprofessional personnel, community
      organized information systems have been set up and tried on an experimental
      basis, as have methods for health services evaluation and personnel training.
      PRIMOPS' experience with its methods for training nonprofessional program staff
      (nursing auxiliares, health promoters, and midwives) is reviewed, and the results
      achieved by a team of nurses applying the training model to nine nursing
      auxiliares, 54 health promotors, and 33 midwives are described.

PMID- 1212966
TI  - [Communication and teamwork in a modern hospital].
AB  - The problems facing a modern hospital, which mirror the crisis confronting
      medicine as a whole, are reviewed. In the search for solutions to these
      difficulties it is necessary to envisage the hospital in a larger context and
      examine the role it should play in society. And a comprehensive approach that
      takes into account all the different elements involved in the work of a hospital
      administration, medical care, teaching, research-is fundamental. All teamwork
      presupposes certain dimensional factors such as organization, dynamics, and
      productivity. And each member of the health team must identify with the work of
      the group as a whole, providing for a degree of "realization of individual
      potential" which ultimately comes together with the primary goal-namely to work
      toward the health of the patient. The various forms of communication in the
      hospital, both between individual departments and between the members of each
      team that has a part to play, are also reviewed.

PMID- 1212967
TI  - ["Resistance" of the globular valves].

PMID- 1212968
TI  - [Effect of electric current on intravascular thrombus formation].

PMID- 1212970
TI  - [Effect of potassium orotate on compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining lung
      after left-side pneumonectomy].

PMID- 1212969
TI  - [Study of internal surface of vascular prostheses and their interaction with
      blood under experimental conditions (electron-microscopic observations)].

PMID- 1212971
TI  - [Pathophysiological changes in the body of animals with intestinal fistulas].

PMID- 1212972
TI  - [Hemostasis in experimental liver injury with the aid of a laser].

PMID- 1212973
TI  - [First experience with the use of extracorporeal hemoperfusion through activated
      charcoal in children].

PMID- 1212974
TI  - [State of cerebral hemodynamics and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in general
      normothermic artificial circulation under experimental conditions].

PMID- 1212975
TI  - [Use of cranio-cerebral hypothermia in open-heart surgery].

PMID- 1212976
TI  - [Effect of subanesthetic concentration of nitrous oxide on evoked potentials and
      the time of reaction in man].

PMID- 1212977
TI  - [Neuroleptoanalgesia during hyperbaric oxygenation].

PMID- 1212978
TI  - [Use of droperidol and fentanyl combined with local anesthesia in appendectomy].

PMID- 1212979
TI  - [Endotracheal anesthesia with nitrous oxide combined with electroanalgesia in
      obstetrical-gynecological surgery].

PMID- 1212980
TI  - [Anesthesia during labor complicated by late pregnancy toxemia].

PMID- 1212981
TI  - The effect of iodide administration on hog thyroid gland and the composition of
      thyroglobulin and 27-S iodoprotein.
AB  - The effect of excess iodide on hog thyroid gland has been examined with regard to
      the change in the chemical composition of thyroglobulin and in the accumulation
      of 27-S iodoprotein by the in vivo treatment of hogs with iodide for various
      lengths of time. The iodine content of thyroglobulin was either unchanged by
      short term administration of excess iodide, or somewhat lowered. However, the
      iodine content as well as the total amount of thyroglobulin increased in the
      glands enlarged by prolonged treatment with iodide. The iodine highest reached
      1.17% of the protein on an average. On the other hand, 27-S iodoprotein decreased
      and finally disappeared after the chronic treatment. Monoiodotyrosine and
      diiodotyrosine increased in parallel with the increase in the iodine content
      (0.15 to 1.17%) caused by the iodide treatment, while thyroxine increased but
      reached a plateau at the level of three residues per mole of thyroglobulin, and
      no change was observed even in the proteins with the higher iodine content than
      0.75%. Proteolytic activity measured by amino acid release from the thyroid
      protein was depressed by the chronic treatment. On the other hand, the amount of
      iodocompound released by the autoproteolysis, which may reflect hormone
      secretion, increased, possibly because of the marked increase in the iodine
      content of thyroglobulin.

PMID- 1212982
TI  - Dietary therapy and insulin secretory response to glucose in adult-onset non
      obese diabetic subjects.
AB  - The effect of a 4-week diet regulation on non-obese, adul-onset diabetics was
      studied. The diet, which was prescribed for them, was composed of 60%
      carbohydrate, 15-20% protein and 20-25% fat. The total caloric intake was
      restricted to 30, 35 and 40 Cal/kg ideal body weight depending on their physical
      activity. In the group whose calculated diet showed over 10% reduction in total
      caloric intake and carbohydrate intake, fasting glucose was decreased and glucose
      tolerance was improved significantly after the 4-week dietary therapy. Insulin
      response to oral glucose loading was improved, particularly in the later stage of
      oral glucose tolerance test. As a result, insulin area, i. e. the total area
      under the insulin curve was increased to almost two times. The sensitivity to
      insulin did not show any significant changes after diet regulation. The present
      data indicate that the therapeutic effect of the diet restriction should be at
      least in part ascribed to the increased secretion of insulin. In the treatment of
      diabetics, a restricted diet is essential and beneficial from the point of view
      that it could improve the pancreatic beta-cell function.

PMID- 1212983
TI  - Sterility and delayed vaginal opening following electrolytic lesions placed
      neonatally in medial preoptic area in female rats.
AB  - Electrolytic lesions were placed in the preoptic area or in the middle and
      posterior hypothalamus of female rats within 48 hrs after birth. Vaginal opening
      was delayed significantly in rats having the medial preoptic area (mPOA)
      destructed as compared to sham-operated animals and those given lesions in the
      other parts of the hypothalamus. Only rats with the mPOA completely destructed
      developed the anovulatory syndrome. In these animals, unilateral ovariectomy was
      not followed by enlargement of its fellow. The present results are not in
      agreement with those of previous workers that electrolytic destructions of the
      diencephalon induced precocious puberty. The difference may be ascribable to
      difference in size and locus of lesions.

PMID- 1212984
TI  - Characterization of renin-like activity in human plasma protein IV-4 fraction.
AB  - Cohn's fraction IV-4 of human plasma protein generates by itself a substance with
      slight pressor activity when incubted without any additives. This renin-like
      activity was readily inactivated by alkaline treatment. Furthermore, the
      generated pressor substance, when purified, was found very similar to [Aspl]
      [Ile5]-angiotensin-I in the following characteristics; 1) heat-stability, 2)
      dializability, 3) inactivation by trypsin, 4) Rf value and 5) electrophoretic
      mobility at various pHs, 6) marked enhancement in pressor and oxytocic activities
      after incubation with normal human plasma or rabbit's lung extract, and 7) cross
      reactivity with [AspI]-[Ile5]-angiotensin-I in radioimmunoassay. It is concluded
      that renin-like activity in the preparation of fraction IV-4 of human plasma
      protein must be renin or an extremely similar enzyme.

PMID- 1212985
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of virilizing activity of steroids by measuring
      morphological changes in uro-genital region of rats.
AB  - A new technique to measure the uro-genital parameters such as the lengths of
      urovaginal septum, corpora cavernosa and anogenital distance on the sagittal
      sections of the pelvic region of female fetus of rat under microscope equipped
      with a micrometer was developed. In the examination of 180 normal female fetuses
      on the 21st day of gestation, relationships were observed between the fetal body
      weight and the length of urovaginal septum as well as anogenital distance, but
      not on the length of corpora cavernosa. Following maternal subcutaneous
      administration of various doses of 17alpha-methyltestosterone between the 17th
      and 20th day of gestation, dose-dependent abridgment in urovaginal septum length
      and extensions in corpora cavernosa length and anogenital distance were observed
      in female fetus on the 21st day's examination. When these three parametars were
      calculated on the relative value to the fetal body weight, however, linear
      relationships against log-dose were observed in all parameters. Among these three
      parameters the abridgment in urovaginal septum was shown to be the most
      sensitive. A quantitative assay of virilizing activity of steroids in female
      fetuses was examined on rats treated subcutaneously with 17alpha
      methyltestosterone and norethandrolone. Linear regressions against the log-doses
      of both steroids were demonstrated in urovaginal septum length, and parallelism
      was noted between both regression lines. The relative potency of norethandrolone
      to 17alpha-methyltestosterone calculated on urovaginal septum length was 0.354
      with fiducial limits of 0.293-0.44l, and it was suggested that the virilizing
      activities of steroids can be evaluated quantitatively.

PMID- 1212986
TI  - Increase of structural glycoprotein during dilatation of human cervix in
      pregnancy at term.
AB  - From the human cervix uteri under various conditions, structural glycoprotein was
      isolated which had a remarkable resemblance in its amino acid composition to
      other connective-tissue glycoproteins found in mammalian tissue. It was
      corroborated that the amount of such a structural glycoprotein increased in
      pregnancy, whereas collagen content was higher in the nonpregnant control. These
      facts suggest that the lost collagen was replaced by those structural
      glycoproteins in pregnantc ervix uteri. The possible significance of those
      structural glycoproteins on cervical dilatation is discussed.

PMID- 1212987
TI  - Delayed equilibrium of pituitary triiodothyronine (T3) following an acute T3
      administration.
AB  - To reconcile the knowledge on tissue T3 concentration with cellular metabolism
      regulatory mechanism of thyroid hormone secretion, the pattern of the change of
      tissue T3 concentration following an acute administration of T3 was studied in
      mice. Basal T3 concentration in serum, liver, brain and pituitary was 61, 173,
      198 and 1630ng/100g, respectively. After 0.5 mug T3 dose, T3 concentration in
      serum and liver reached the maximum level 1 to 3 hrs following the administration
      and decreased exponetially thereafter, thus, maintaining almost constant
      tissue/plasma T3 ratio. In contrast, T3 increase in brain or pituitary was far
      delayed, not until 7 to 12 hrs following T3 injection, and then decreased
      parallel to that in serum. Furthermore, the magnitude of increase in pituitary T3
      was limited when compared to that in liver. Thus, tissue/plasma T3 ratio in
      pituitary decreased markedly after the dose of T3. This finding suggests the
      possibility that there is blood-brain barrier or blood-tissue barrier for the
      transport of T3 in pituitary or brain, resulting in delayed equilibrium with that
      in serum. These results may also explain the delay of inhibition of TRH-induced
      TSH release after single dose of T3 as recently reported by Azizi et al. (1975).

PMID- 1212988
TI  - Mouse prolactin obtained by pituitary organ culture in a serum-free medium.
AB  - Mouse prolactin was purified by organ culture of pituitaries and electrophoresis
      of the medium. Mouse pituitaries were organ-cultured in 9-cm Petri dishes
      containing Waymouth's medium (MB 752/1) supplemented with penicillin (50
      units/ml), streptomycin (100mug/ml), and bovine insulin (0.12 I.U./ml) for 8
      days. Prolactin-rich culture medium was half-saturated with ammonium sulfate and
      centrifuged. The pellet was subjected to analytical disc electrophoresis (10%
      acrylamide). Gels were sectioned into 2-mm segments. Prolactin was eluted in
      0.04M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2), dialyzed and lyophylized. Two hundred and forty
      ml medium in which 360 pituitaries were cultured yielded 29.3 mg lyophylized
      mouse prolactin. Although the preparation contained 2 other bands on acrylamide
      gel disc electrophoresis, a single precipitin line was seen in immunodiffusion
      and immunoelectrophoresis, showing the identity of their antigenicity. From these
      results, two other proteins in the preparation were suggested to be deamidated
      prolactin.

PMID- 1212989
TI  - [The thioacetamide-poisoned rat as an animal experimental model for
      endocrinological studies of estrogen metabolism in chronic liver injury)].
AB  - Liver microsomes of rats poisoned with thioacetamide show a significant reduction
      of cytochrome P-450. Consequently, oxidative reactions of drug metabolism and the
      estrogen 2-hydroxylase are diminished. Enhancement of microsomal transformation
      of estradiol to estrone and 16alpha-hydroxyestrone is observed after treatment of
      rats with thioacetamide, due to diminished metabolism of estradiol by the
      alternative oxidation at C-2. Estriol formation is reduced by thioacetamide
      pretreatment. These changes in estrogen breakdown closely correlate with those
      observed in humans suffering from cirrhosis of the liver. It is concluded that
      the thioacetamide poisoned rat should be an experimental model suitable for
      studying estrogen metabolism in liver injury.

PMID- 1212990
TI  - Ultrastructural changes of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system in
      the magnesium deficient rats.
AB  - A magnesium deficient diet caused transient but marked degenerative changes in
      the rat hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system which strongly resembled in
      many ultrastructural respects those induced by a prolonged administration of
      aldosterone as previously reported by us. The possible mechanism for this
      selective alteration in the neurosecretory neurons has been briefly discussed
      with regard to aldosterone secretion.

PMID- 1212991
TI  - Selective chemical changes of gonadotropic hormones by means of neuraminidase
      from Vibrio cholerae.
AB  - Experiments indicate that Neuraminidase from Vibrio Cholerae selectively cleaves
      sialic acid derivate from FSH, but leaves the LH sialic acid derivative. By
      performing a specific test for LH - the OAAD test - we found that the LH activity
      is not influenced by the presence of Neuraminidase. The FSH activity is destroyed
      by Neuraminidase but the enzyme itself influences the ovarian weight, resulting
      in a weight decrease observed 48 hours after injection. Before or after this
      "critical time" no decrease is observed.

PMID- 1212992
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for aldosterone in plasma without chromatography.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay without chromatography is described for the determination of
      plasma aldosterone. The high sensitivity of the method renders possible the
      detection of about 1 pg aldosterone/ml. The high specificity of the
      antialdosterone sera (rabbit) may be due to the procedure used for the
      preparation of aldosterone-21-hemisuccinate and to the intensive purification of
      the aldosterone-albumin conjugate. The validity of the method was tested by
      determination of plasma aldosterone in normal subjects and in patients suffering
      from primary hyperaldosteronism or Addison's disease. In cases of urgent
      diagnosis, the incubation period was reduced from 16 hours to 1 hour. The
      elimination of the chromatographic step makes the method suitable for clinical
      routine work and automatization.

PMID- 1212993
TI  - [Deiodination in the kidney and thyroid function)].
AB  - In homogenate supernatants of kidneys of male rats the extent of deiodination of
      L-diiodotyrosine (L-DJT) and L-thyroxine (L-T4) was investigated in dependence on
      the thyroid function (hypo- and hyperthyroidized) and also in dependence on age.
      In rats hypothyroidized by loading with Methylthiouracil (MTU) or Methimazol
      (MMI) the deiodination for L-DJT and L-T4 was significantly reduced, in rats
      loaded with 40 mug T4 sc. for 10 days, the deiodination was significantly
      enhanced compared with untreated control animals. With advancing age (6 weeks, 3
      or 12 month) the deiodination activity is highly significantly reduced. The
      results underline relations between thyroid gland function and deiodination
      activity in kidney.

PMID- 1212994
TI  - [The time course of radioiodine distribution in chicks after iodate treatment].
AB  - The radioiodine (131Jodine) excretion in chicken is increased after the treatment
      with iodate, the radioiodine uptake in the thyroid gland is decreased. The
      percentage of intra- and extrathyroidal radioiodine 24 hours after the injection
      is similar in all groups. It seems that these findings are due to isotopedilution
      effects.

PMID- 1212995
TI  - Serum thyroxine estimation: clinical evaluation of a modified semiautomated
      method and its ability for differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases.
AB  - A modified semiautomated microchemical method for determining serum thyroxine has
      been described. It consists of the isolation of T4 on a column of cation exchange
      resin Dowex 50 W X 2 and of a fully automated determination of iodine in the
      ammoniacal eluate from the column after an acidic mineralization. The diagnostic
      value of the method has been evaluated on a small group of patients examined for
      suspected thyroid gland dysfunction, in comparison with a parallel determination
      of T4 by a CPBA method (Tetrasorb test kit). From the results it follows that the
      microchemical method gives the results something inferior in comparison with the
      CPBA technique. The differences of means between the basic  diagnostic groups of
      patients (euthyroids, hypothyroids, and hyperthyroids) in both methods were
      statistically significant. The extent to which these tests can discriminate was
      investigated at a 5% discrimination threshold. The discriminatory ability of both
      methods between hyperthyroidism and euthyroidism is nearly the same. The CPBA
      method discriminates euthyroids from the hypothyroids better, the results of both
      tests, however, do not differ too much. It seems to be confirmed that
      irrespective of the method used, the determination of serum T4 itself can detect
      neither hyperthyroidism nor hypothyroidism reliably. The possible causes are
      discussed in this paper.

PMID- 1212996
TI  - Obesity and thyroid function. 2. The effect of prolonged caloric restriction on
      Achilles tendon reflex values.
AB  - The results obtained are indicative of changes in thyroid function during
      prolonged caloric restriction. Achilles tendon reflex values were studied in
      obese individuals under reducing treatment. More pronounced weight loss during
      the first three months was associated with a shortening of Achilles tendon reflex
      values, or its values remained unchanged. From the sixth month on a growing
      percentage of obese patients in our group displayed prolongation of Achilles
      tendon reflex values coupled with a decrease in weight showed a statistically
      significant prolongation of Achilles tendon reflex values. Thyreoglobulin given
      at this stage normalised Achilles tendon values and reinduced weight decrease.

PMID- 1212997
TI  - [Studies on lipid mobilization in obesity without glucose intolerance. 1st
      communication. Noradrenaline-stimulated lipolysis].
AB  - 1. In obese patients with normal glucose tolerance the norepinephrine-induced
      lipolysis in vivo was significantly higher as compared with a non-obese group.
      This was observed both during weight-related and constant norepinephrine
      infusion. 2. In the obese group a discordant release of free fatty acids and
      glycerol and a significantly lower quotient of FFA/Glycerol than in the controls
      was found. It is supposed that in obesity the re-esterification of FFA is
      increased.

PMID- 1212998
TI  - The effect of chronically administered cannabis extract on the female genital
      tract of mice and rats.
AB  - Daily administration of cannabis extract (mice: 1 mg/day, rats: 5 mg/day for a
      period of 64 days) results in a cessation of ovarian cyclic activity as judged by
      vaginal smear and the absence of corpora-lutea in the ovaries of treated rats and
      mice. Distinct effects are produced upon uterine tissue. Uterine glands were
      regressed and the stromal edema was conspicuous. Cannabis extract resulted in a
      decreased uterine RNA, glycogen, and sialic acid concentration. It also brings
      about a significant depletion in the level of adrenal ascorbic acid.

PMID- 1212999
TI  - On the evocability of a positive oestrogen feedback action on LH secretion in
      female and male rats.
AB  - Following a single injection of oestradiol benzoate (15 mug/100 g body weight)
      postpubertally castrated and oestrogen-primed female rats showed a distinct surge
      of LH secretion, while castrated and androgen-primed  females displayed a
      diminished and delayed surge of LH secretion. On the other hand, postpubertally
      castrated and oestrogen-primed male rats exhibited only a slight, but significant
      surge of LH secretion, whereas castrated and androgen-primed males did not
      display any surge of LH secretion following oestrogen injection. In view of these
      findings the evocability of a positive oestrogen feedback action on LH secretion
      is dependent on the sex hormone level during the critical hypothalamic
      differentiation phase and the functional (priming) phase as well.

PMID- 1213000
TI  - [Malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase in the serum of hyperthyroxinemic
      and hypothyroid rats].
AB  - In serum of hyperthyroxinemic and hypothyreotic rats the activities of MDH and
      LDH were investigated. In both groups the level of MDH was significantly elevated
      in comparison with control animals. The activity of LDH did not show any
      significant alterations.

PMID- 1213001
TI  - Blood serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine in men over sixty.

PMID- 1213002
TI  - [Morphological basis for polypeptide hormone secretion by the pineal body of
      macacus rhesus].

PMID- 1213003
TI  - [Effect of thyroidectomy and thyroxine on cell proliferation in the anterior
      pituitary gland].

PMID- 1213004
TI  - Nonspecific esterases in sex chromatin negative and positive cells in buccal
      smears.

PMID- 1213005
TI  - [Present-day problems of thyroidectomy].

PMID- 1213006
TI  - [Conservative treatment of obesity. An analysis of results].

PMID- 1213007
TI  - [Unusual remission of an intrasellar tumor in a 10-year-old-boy].

PMID- 1213008
TI  - A drainage wind flow model.
AB  - A method of predetermining drainage wind velocities is derived in the form of an
      incremental velocity model. The model requires the topographical data and a
      general description of surface roughness. Using these fixed inputs with the model
      yields velocity factors. Velocity factors are determined as a function of height
      above the terrain and elapsed time since the occurrence of the maximum surface
      temperature. The velocity factors multiplied by a cooling factor give velocities.
      Time or space mean velocity may be found by summation techniques. By computing
      velocity factors for several points within an area of concern, one can determine
      drainage flow patterns and pollutant movements for any given night.

PMID- 1213010
TI  - Detection and measurement of aromatic hydrocarbons in the air by a coated
      piezoelectric crystal detector.

PMID- 1213009
TI  - Formation of trihalomethanes by chlorination of surface water.
AB  - Chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform, and
      dichloroiodomethane have been found in chlorinated drinking water. In addition to
      these five compounds, the other possible trihalomethanes (chlorodiiodomethane,
      bromochloroiodomethane, dibromoiodomethane, bromodiiodomethane, and iodoform) can
      also be formed by chlorination of surface water containing bromides and iodides.
      Mass spectra for each of these ten compounds were obtained.

PMID- 1213011
TI  - Respirable dust content of subway air.
AB  - During the non-heating months of June, July and August of 1974, the total and
      respirable dust content at an underground station of the Newark City Subway
      System was determined. Higher particulate levels than obtained for ambient Newark
      air were observed. Additionally, Federal Ambient Primary Air Quality Standards
      for suspended particulate matter was exceeded in two instances. Qualitative
      elemental analysis of the particulate matter collected is also reported.

PMID- 1213012
TI  - Atmospheric formation of carbon tetrachloride from tetrachloroethylene.

PMID- 1213013
TI  - Ozone decay in irradiated smog chambers.
AB  - Studies conducted in smog chambers show that ozone disappears significantly
      faster under irradiation than in the dark. A computer simulation was made to
      determine the cause for this accelerated O3 decay. It was found that the
      phenomenon can be explained by a series of chemical reactions involving O3, O1D,
      H2O, OH, HO2, and ultraviolet light.

PMID- 1213014
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of neuphytadiene as a measure of the terpenoid
      contribution to experimental tobacco smoke carcinogenesis.
AB  - A method for the determination of neophytadiene in the total particulate matter
      of cigarette smoke was developed and applied to test its relationship to isoprene
      deliveries. Neophytadiene is suggested as a preferred measure of the contribution
      of terpenoids to experimental tobacco smoke carcinogenicity. Typical deliveries
      of neophytadiene are presented.

PMID- 1213015
TI  - Analysis of heavy metals and fluoride in vegetation by extraction with
      concentrated mineral acids.
AB  - A rapid potentiometric method for determining fluoride in vegetation is
      described. Recovery of flouride by extraction with concentrated mineral acids
      compares favourably with standard methods of analysis in terms of accuracy and
      precision. The procedure affords the additional advantage that several citations
      are also quantitatively extracted and may be determined directly in the acid
      digest by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

PMID- 1213016
TI  - Air pollution incident in Rotterdam, 1971.

PMID- 1213017
TI  - Pulmonary function and sulphur dioxide, some preliminary findings.

PMID- 1213018
TI  - Chronic inhalation of asbestos and cigarette smoke by hamsters.

PMID- 1213019
TI  - Absorption, transport and organotropism of dichlorobiphenyl (DCB), dieldrin, and
      hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in rats.

PMID- 1213020
TI  - Toxicity of polydimethylsiloxanes in certain environmental systems.

PMID- 1213021
TI  - Investigations into sources of lead in the environment of urban children.

PMID- 1213022
TI  - The influence of spironolactone on the excretion of 203Hg2+ in rats.

PMID- 1213023
TI  - Developmental patterns of FSH and LH in female rats deprived of light before
      puberty.
AB  - Plasma FSH and LH levels were examined in female rats reared in the dark at
      different ages from birth until sexual maturation to investigate whether, and to
      what extent, external factors such as light, influence gonadotropin levels during
      development. Control animals were raised in diurnal lighting consisting of 12
      hours of light and 12 hours of dark. Light deprivation did not eliminate the
      characteristic peak of gonadotropins seen in early postnatal development but
      significantly increased levels of FSH and slightly decreased levels of LH (except
      for a transient rise at day 12). Constant darkness tended to lower whole body,
      ovarian and pituitary weights but to increase pineal weight. Whereas the time of
      eye-opening was the same in control and light-deprived animals, puberty (as
      judged by vaginal opening and first ovulation) was delayed in animals raised in
      the dark. The data suggest that environmental light has a mediating action on
      patterns of gonadotropin release, particularly on FSH, during prepuberal
      development.

PMID- 1213024
TI  - Chronic toxicity of a synthetic tri-aryl phosphate oil to fish.
AB  - Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were exposed to IMOL S-140, a synthetic high
      temperature lubricating oil composed of tri-aryl phosphates and, although no sign
      of acute toxicity was evident, the fish slowly developed symptoms of chronic
      posioning. Thus, floating food pellets were refused, the activities of glutamic
      oxalacetic transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum were greatly elevated,
      and internal fatty tissues became discoloured. Neither serum nor brain
      cholinesterase activities were inhibited.

PMID- 1213025
TI  - Influence of malathion on phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase in preirradiated
      rats.

PMID- 1213026
TI  - Relative cadmium-binding capacity of metallothionein and other cytosolic
      fractions in various tissues of the rat.
AB  - The Cd-binding capacity of soluble proteins in 10 tissues of normal rats not
      excessively exposed to heavy metals was measured by saturation of freshly
      isolated cytosol with 109CdCl2 in vitro followed by Sephadex G-75 chromatography.
      The Cd-binding capacity of a 10,000 molecular weight Cd-binding peak (10,000 MW
      Cd-BP), which had a high affinity for Cd and was probably metallothionein, was
      the highest in kidney (78nmol Cd/g fresh tissue), followed by testis (63 nmol/g),
      liver (38 nmol/g) and then by brain (14 nmol/g). The amount of the Cd-BP in these
      tissues (assuming that it was metallothionein and bound 9 mol Cd/10,000g) was
      calculated to be 87, 70, 42 and 16 mg/kg fresh tissue in kidney, testis, liver
      and brain, respectively, or in the order of 10(-5) to 10(-6) mol/kg tissue. A
      significant amount of the 10,000 MW Cd-BP was also found in small intestine. It
      was present in rather small amounts in heart and lung, and possibly in spleen and
      skeletal muscle as well. In contrast, the protein was not detectable by this
      technique in plasma. The results suggest that metallothionein is a rather
      ubiquitous, intracellular protein in tissues of normal animals and may have other
      biological functions, besides its possible fortuitous role in heavy metal
      detoxification. A 30,000 molecular weight Cd-binding peak (30,000 MW Cd-BP)
      having a very high affinity Cd, apparently higher than that of the 10,000 MW Cd
      BP, was found only in testes, among the 10 tissues examined. Its estimated Cd
      binding capacity was 51 nmol Cd/g of testis, slightly less than that of
      metallothionein in testis. These findings support the hypothesis that the 30,000
      MW Cd-BP is a plausible target of Cd in Cd-induced testicular injury, and suggest
      a basis for the peculiar sensitivity of the rat testis to Cd.

PMID- 1213027
TI  - Monosodium L-glutamate-induced convulsions: temporary alteration in blood-brain
      barrier permeability to plasma proteins.
AB  - Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG), a commonly used food additive, induces convulsive
      disorders in rats. A reversible change in the cerebrovascular permeability of
      plasma proteins occurs during convulsions induced by the intraperitoneal
      administration of 4.0 g/kg of MSG to the neonatal rat. During MSG-induced
      seizures, but not before or after, trypan blue dye enters into the brain tissues,
      whereas no dye penetration occurs in control rats receiving saline. The frequency
      of the incidence  of MSG-induced convulsions is inversely proportional to the age
      of the animal. It decreases with the age of the rat. By 42 days of age no
      substantial seizure activity of dye penetration into the brain tissue occurs in
      MSG-treated rats. Histological examination indicates that seizure activity is not
      correlated with characteristic periventricular-arcuate area lesions known to be
      induced in neonates by parenteral MSG administration. No hypothalamic damage was
      observed in MSG-treated rats older than 10 days of age.

PMID- 1213028
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a hepatic metallothionein from mice.
AB  - Mice were given cadmium chloride orally for 18 weeks, after which they were given
      two subcutaneous injections of cadmium chloride. Cadmium-and zinc-containing
      proteins were obtained from livers by ultracentrifugation, Sephadex
      chromatography and isoelectric focusing. Metallothionein with apI of 4.2 at 8
      degrees C was separated from other proteins (possibly including other forms of
      metallothionein) by the isoelectric procedure. The metallothionein with pI = 4.2
      had a high E250, reflecting abundant Cd-SH bonds, in accord with amino acid
      analysis, which gave a cysteine content of 34.6 residues % and showed an absence
      of aromatic amino acids. These results indicated a very high purity of the form
      of metallothionein isolated after isoelectric focusing.

PMID- 1213029
TI  - Effect of DDT on the free amino acid pool of brain and kidney in guinea-pigs.
AB  - Free amino acid composition of brain and kidney of guinea-pig showed significant
      decrease after repeated exposure of skin to P-P1 DDT. Gamma amino butyric acid of
      the brain and proline, tyrosine and valine of kidney disappeared completely. The
      remaining amino acids showed a marked depletion.

PMID- 1213030
TI  - Serum and organ creatine phosphokinase alterations in exercise.
AB  - Rats that swam for 3 h showed a 6-fold increase in serum creatine phosphokinase
      (SCPK) activity which declined to control values within 7 h after swimming. Of
      the excess SCPK, 77% was BB isoenzyme; the remainder was mainly MM with traces of
      MB. Kidney, liver, brain and lung contain mainly BB (50-80%) and only a trace of
      MB (0-7%). Heart CPK was composed of little BB (8%) and more MB (28%) and MM
      (64%). Skeletal muscle CPK was almost entirely MM. CPK activity is highest in
      skeletal muscle, intermediate in heart and brain and lowest in kidney, liver and
      lung. It is suggested that skeletal muscle and heart are not involved in CPK
      release in swimming, and kidney, liver and brain may be sites of release.

PMID- 1213031
TI  - Influence of low ambient temperature and dietary lipids on adipose tissue and
      plasma fatty acid composition of the Japanese quail.
AB  - Japanese quail were maintained on synthetic diets containing 15% corn oil, 15%
      tallow, and zero fat, and were later exposed at 3.5 degrees C for 21 days. A
      distinct influence of dietary fat composition upon the adipose tissue
      triglyceride fatty acid composition was detected, but no change in fatty acid
      composition was produced with cold exposure. The fatty acid composition of
      adipose tissue from quail acclimatized to winter temperatures showed no trend
      towards a greater degree of unsaturation. There was no evidence of a gross
      selective mobilization of certain fatty acids from the depot lipids. Regional
      variation in the fatty acid composition of avian fats is discussed with respect
      to the level of food intake and body temperature.

PMID- 1213032
TI  - Steroidogenesis in vitro in the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) without and
      with methyl mercury treatment in vivo.
AB  - Tissue from a harp seal given methyl mercury at a concentration of 0.25 mg/kg in
      its diet for 61 days, was highly contaminated with mercury. Over 70% of the
      mercury in the seal's liver (64.0 p.p.m.) was in the inorganic form indicating a
      demethylating system in this organ. Most of the mercury in the liver, spleen and
      kidney of an untreated seal was also in the inorganic form. In contrast, over 75%
      of the mercury in the adrenals and gonads (14.2 and 13.0 p.p.m., respectively) of
      the treated seal was methyl mercury. Mercury was not detectable in the gonads and
      not analyzed in the adrenals of the untreated seal. Biosynthesized (in vitro)
      cortisol, corticosterone, cortisone, and 11-ketotestosterone were isolated and
      identified from the adrenal incubations, and delta4-androstene-3,17-dione and
      testosterone were isolated and identified from ovarian incubations from both
      untreated and methyl mercury (in vivo) treated seals. The ovaries and adrenals
      from both seals appeared to be normal under the light microscope. The ovaries
      from both seals were in the same follicular phase, but in vitro incubations of
      tissue from these organs indicated that the methyl mercury and treatment caused a
      marked alteration of steroid biosynthesis in tissue from the treated seal. The
      altered pattern of steroid biosynthesis was also demonstrated by autoradiography,
      and it is suggested that this technique could be used as an indicator of
      incipient contamination by a pollutant.

PMID- 1213034
TI  - Environmental impact of mosquito pesticides: influence of temefos on the brain
      acetylcholinesterase of killifish.
AB  - Temefos and six of its metabolites were tested for their capacity to inhibit the
      in vitro activity of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of Fundulus heteroclitus.
      While temefos was not inhibitory at levels up to 10.7 mM in brain homogenate
      samples, its metabolites were active within the range of 2 X 10(-4)mM to 1.26 mM
      in causing a 50% reduction in the enzyme activity. Exposure of F. heteroclitus to
      temefos under laboratory conditions caused a reduction in AChE activity, which
      was proportional to the pesticide concentration and the exposure period. Visible
      symptoms of organophosphate poisoning were apparent only after the AChE
      inhibition reached 80%. F. heteroclitus and Cyprinidon variegatus exposed to 10
      biweekly applications of temefos granules in the field showed no inhibition of
      brain AChE. However, exposure of F. heteroclitus to biweekly applications (four)
      of temefos emulsion caused a reduction in the enzyme (50%), but only in the pre
      third application samples. A gradual increase in brain AChE occurred both in F.
      heteroclitus and C. variegatus as the season progressed from April to October.

PMID- 1213033
TI  - Effects of dietary dieldrin on reproduction in the Swiss-Vancouver (SWV) mouse.
AB  - Reproduction was studied in SWV female mice that had raised one litter and then
      received either 0.2.5,5,10,15,20 or 25 parts/10(6) dietary dieldrin (n = 18 or 19
      per group). Exposure began 4 weeks prior to the second mating and continued until
      day 28 postpartum (weaning). Fertile males were caged with the females during
      weeks 5-6 of exposure. Significantly mortality of the females occurred only at 20
      and 25 parts/10(6) (89% and 56%, respectively) and all deaths occurred before
      parturition. Dieldrin did not affect behavioural oestrus. At 10 and 15
      parts/10(6), 18% of the bred females did not become pregnant; all animals at
      lower doses and all survivors at higher doses were fertile. The gestation period
      was not affected. At 25 parts/10(6), the litter size was decreased by 17% over
      the control size (13.2 pups). The infertility and reduced fecundity resulted from
      a lesion(s) preceding implantation. Thus, in a separate experiment, 15
      parts/10(6) increased the number of bred females that had no implantation sites 5
      days post coitum while 25 parts/10(6) decreased the number of sites per pregnant
      female. As expected from the original dose-responses for infertility and
      decreased litter size, the converse effects did not occur. Pre-weaning mortality
      of all the pups occurred in 31%, 47%, 80% and 100% of the litters at 0,2.5,5, and
      larger than or equal to parts/10(6), respectively. Within the litters raised at
      2.5 and 5 parts/10(6), the pup survival was not different from the controls
      (75%). Thus, in this strain, litter -oss is dieldrin's most important
      reproductive effect and it correlated with a dieldrin-induced maternal
      hepatomegaly. The birth weight of pups in litters that were lost was reduced by 3
      13% and pre-death growth was reduced or absent. Pup-killing and pup-neglect were
      important proximate causes of mortality, but only at doses larger than or equal
      to 15 parts/10(6).

PMID- 1213035
TI  - Preliminary explorations of thinking in medicine.

PMID- 1213036
TI  - Peace research: the study of armaments and disarmament.

PMID- 1213037
TI  - Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome associated with diabetes insipidus neurohormonalis.
AB  - The case of a girl with Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome without polydactyly is
      described. Additional features were small stature, diabetes insipidus
      neurohormonalis and a renal disorder. The diabetes insipidus neurohormonalis was
      successfully treated with a new vasopressin analogue, DDAVP. The importance of
      renal studies in patients with Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome is emphasized.

PMID- 1213038
TI  - Thin-layer chromatography for diagnosis of secreting neuroblastoma.
AB  - A thin-layer chromatographic technique for separation and identification of
      urinary phenolic acids is described. The method is simple enough to be used in
      the clinical laboratory and from it, an easy biochemical diagnosis of secreting
      neuroblastoma. The technique is also of interest for research in catabolism of
      catecholamines. Results obtained in 125 patients, including 8 patients with
      neuroblastoma are reported.

PMID- 1213039
TI  - [Lipoid dermatoarthritis (multicentric reticulohistiocytosis) (author's transl)].
AB  - The case of a 10-year-old girl with an infrequently observed lipid
      dermatoarthritis is reported. This is a systemic disease of unknown etiology
      characterized by a nodular eruption of the skin, mucosa and synovia, resulting in
      destructive arthritis and disfigurement of the facies. Biopsy of a nodule,
      whether from skin or synovia, discloses a cellular infiltrate consisting of
      histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells with lipid inclusions. No effective
      treatment is known.

PMID- 1213040
TI  - Identification of volatile components in waste waters by combined head-space gas
      chromatography-mass spectrometry.
AB  - A method for the identification of volatile components in effluent waters is
      described. The sample is heated in a closed vessel at 80 degrees C and the head
      space vapour injected in a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. Mass
      spectra are recorded every 4 seconds and stored by a Data Acquisition System. The
      reconstructed spectra enable very easy identification of the peaks of the
      chromatogram. The important contribution of the computer system to the
      sensitivity of the technique is demonstrated.

PMID- 1213041
TI  - [A micromethod for determination of nicotine and cotinine in blood and urine by
      gas chromatography. Results obtained from various smokers].
AB  - The determination of nicotine and cotinine in plasma and urines of smokers is
      carried out by gas-chromatography with an Ucon-Polar 50 HB 2000 alkalinized
      column and a specific N detector, using diphenylamine as internal standard. The
      technique for extraction and chromatographic analysis is developed. The limit
      values for a correct determination are : 0,2 ng for nicotine and 1 ng for
      cotinine. The results show that the transit of nicotine and cotinine into the
      blood is very fast. They confirm the rapidity of the urinary excretion of
      nicotine, the slowness of that of cotinine, and the relation between the
      eliminated amounts and the urinary flow.

PMID- 1213042
TI  - [Emergency toxicology: analytic protocol applicable to biolobic media in
      tentative autolysis].
AB  - Here is exposed a method to detect and identify, without delay and in biological
      media, toxic substances generally found when attempting autolysis. It implies: 1;
      coloured reactions performed directly or after having isolated the substances
      using organic solvants, 2; thin layer chromatographies of these extractums which
      are developed and revealed in very  precise conditions. Techniques for titration
      of some drugs are exposed. 253 cases of toxic coma have been studied, and the
      results of this inquiry analysed, more particularly cases induced by
      barbiturates.

PMID- 1213043
TI  - Ageing and chromosome aberrations in male mammalian germ cells.

PMID- 1213044
TI  - Age changes in number and size of the murine renal glomeruli.

PMID- 1213045
TI  - Environmental temperature, x-irradiation and ageing insects.

PMID- 1213046
TI  - The aging of rat liver as revealed by electron microscopic morphometry-II.
      Parameters of regenerated old liver.

PMID- 1213047
TI  - Chirality of (+)-octoclothepin, a stereospecific neuroleptic agent.

PMID- 1213048
TI  - The absence of an inhibitory effect of metyrapone (2-methyl-1,2-di (3-pyridyl)
      propan-1-one) on hepatic microsomal hydroxylation in scurvy.
AB  - Microsomes from livers of scorbutic guinea-pigs showed a reduced rate of
      acetanilide hydroxylation. The response of "scorbutic" liver microsomes to the
      inhibitor Metyrapone (2-methyl-1,2 di (3-pyridyl) propan-1-one) was different
      from that of liver microsomes from non-scorbutic guinea-pigs.

PMID- 1213049
TI  - Highly elevated content of free myo-inositol in the cerebrospinal fluid of
      neonates.
AB  - Free myo-inositol in cerebrospinal fluid was determined in 60 babies aged from
      newborn to 12 months. In the neonates, a high inositol concentration was found
      (18-81 mg/100 ml). With increasing age, the values gradually decreased. The
      finding is discussed in relation to the maturation processes in central nervous
      tissue.

PMID- 1213050
TI  - The activity of Newcastle disease virus-envelope proteins after treatment with
      detergents.
AB  - Treatment of NDV with anionic detergents or lipid solvents destroys the
      activities of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. After disruption of the virus with
      non-ionic detergents, the activities of envelope proteins remain unchanged. It is
      suggested that the phosholipids are very important for the biological activity of
      NDV-envelope proteins.

PMID- 1213051
TI  - Is the basal activity of rat stomach histidine decarboxylase affected by
      antrectomy?
AB  - The serum gastrin concentration and the gastric histidine decarboxylase activity
      are high in freely fed, unoperated rats but low in antrectomized rats. Following
      food deprivation the serum gastrin level and the enzyme activity are reduced
      simultaneously in the unoperated rats. After fasting for 36-48 h - but not before
      - the enzyme activity drops to the same low levels as in antrectomized rats.

PMID- 1213052
TI  - Invertase in cell-free culture fluids of Streptococcus mutans strain SL-1.
AB  - Intervase from extracellular culture fluids of S. mutans strain SL-1 was shown to
      have the same characteristics as intracellular invertase from the same strain.
      The data indicate that intracellular invertase is released into the culture
      fluids primarily during the late log and stationary phases of growth.

PMID- 1213053
TI  - [Control activities and regulation by the glucocorticoids of three urea-cycle
      enzymes in rat foetal liver: argininosuccinate synthetase, argininosuccinase and
      arginase (author's transl)].
AB  - The activity of three urea-cycle enzymes, argininosuccinate synthetase,
      argininosuccinase and arginase have been studied in the foetal and new-born liver
      of rats. The activity increases with regularity between 17.5 days of pregnancy
      and birth in control foetuses. The lack of corticosteroid from 18.5 days of
      pregnancy decreases the activity of argininosuccinate synthetase. After
      administration of cortisol (hydrocortisone), to these 18.5 day-old foetuses
      lacking of corticosteroids, both activities of argininosuccinate synthetase and
      arginase are enhanced.

PMID- 1213054
TI  - Sorbitol dehydrogenase in Anas platyrhynchos and Zenaida auriculata auriculata
      during development.
AB  - Sorbitol dehydrogenase (E.C.N. 1.1.1.14) was studied in liver, kidney and gonads
      of Zenaida auriculata auriculata (golden pigeon) and of Anas platyrhynchos
      (creole domestic duck) from South American faunes. The specific activity of SDH
      increased from embryonic to adult stage and is higher in the Anas platyrhynchos
      tissues. The electrophoretic studies performed in liver and kidney of both
      species during development showed variations in the number and intensity of the
      bands in accordance with the age and the species.

PMID- 1213055
TI  - Mutagenic effect of ethionine on Candida lipolytica.

PMID- 1213056
TI  - Effects of magnetic field on inflammation.
AB  - The effects of a 50 Hz magnetic field on experimentally-induced inflammation in
      rats were studied. Carrageenan edema was inhibited significantly by exposure to
      magnetic field for 3 h. Adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats was also suppressed by
      the magnetic field.

PMID- 1213057
TI  - Energy linked ion accumulation in mitochondria from alloxan diabetic rats.

PMID- 1213058
TI  - Inhibitory effect of beta-hydroxyglutamic acid on a molluscan giant neurone.
AB  - We found a spontaneously firing neurone, inhibited by beta-hydroxy(erythro)-L
      glutamic acid, identified in the subesophageal ganglia of an African giant snail
      (Achatina fulica Ferussac), although this neurone is not sensitive to L-glutamic
      acid. We suggest that beta-hydroxy(erythro)-L-glutamic acid may be a putative
      inhibitory synaptic transmitter of the identified molluscan neurone.

PMID- 1213059
TI  - Study of micro-circulation in web of frog (Xenous laevis Daudin) by using Laser
      Doppler microscope.
AB  - The flow velocity profile in the venule of frog web was measured by using a laser
      Doppler microscope of a crossed-beam which permitted a measurement of flow
      velocity in a clearly defined small volume. The flow velocity profile in the
      venule seems to deviate slightly from the Newtonian parabola.

PMID- 1213060
TI  - Noradrenaline synthesis in human fetal heart.
AB  - The capacity of noradrenaline synthesis was investigated in 6 isolated human
      fetal hearts (13-23 gestational week). The mean rate of transforming perfused
      labelled tyrosine to noradrenaline in atrial, ventricular, and mediastinal tissue
      was 0.175, 0.168, and 0.108 mug/g tissue/h, respectively.

PMID- 1213062
TI  - Altered arterial connective tissue in racing greyhound dogs.
AB  - Vascular collagen and elastin contents and the ratio of collagen/elastin (C/E)
      were studied in racing greyhound dogs, a breed which exhibits increased cardiac
      output. As compared to mongrel dogs, vascular C/E was lower, suggesting a greater
      distensibility of vessels as an adaptive response to hemodynamic stress.

PMID- 1213061
TI  - Nonsympathetic dilator innervation of cat cerebral arteries.
AB  - The results presented provide strong support for the presence of vasodilator
      innervation in the cat cerebral arteries. The dilator innervation is neither
      adrenergic nor cholinergic and does not originate in the superior cervical
      ganglia. The nature of the vasodilator transmitter is unidentified. Such
      innervation, however, may be involved in the regulation of cerebral blood flow,
      especially in view of the capability of some cat cerebral vessels to develop
      intrinsic muscle tone.

PMID- 1213063
TI  - Critical comment on the "trophic" influence of the effector organ on the
      sympathetic nerves of the male sex accessories of the guinea-pig.
AB  - There is no absolute parallelism between organ noradrenaline content and organ
      weight in the male sex accessories during normal development or following
      regression after castration.

PMID- 1213064
TI  - A comparative study on the effects of brain extracts and mesodermal membrane
      extracts on nerve cell differentiation.
AB  - Extracts prepared from the mesodermal tissue surrounding the brain stimulate the
      differentiation of morphologically undifferentiated neuroblasts, while the
      differentiation of more mature neuroblasts is influenced by brain extracts.

PMID- 1213065
TI  - Muscular respiratory receptors in self-regulation of normal breathing in man.
AB  - In man, in the process of evolution the proprioceptive reflexes from the chest
      muscle during apnea become weak. Probably the impulses from the respiratory
      stretch receptors do not take part in self-regulation of eupnea.

PMID- 1213066
TI  - The influence of furosemide on the renal excretion of chloramphenicol and its
      metabolites.
AB  - Simultaneous administration of chloramphenicol and furosemide (10 mg i.v.)
      decreased urinary excretion of chloramphenicol but increased the excretion of its
      metabolites as aryl amines and total nitro compounds. These latter increases were
      directly related to Na excretion.

PMID- 1213067
TI  - Dependence on age of methamphetamine-produced changes in thermoregulation and
      metabolism.
AB  - In contrast to juvenile mice, old mice treated with methamphetamine are unable to
      adequately mobilize their carbohydrate reserves. They cannot increase their
      overall metabolism and become hypothermic, while juvenile mice react with
      increased calorigenesis and hyperthermia.

PMID- 1213068
TI  - In vitro demonstration of seasonal transition effect on acetylcholine liberation
      from Auerbach's plexus of non-hibernator.
AB  - Acetylcholine release from Auerbach's plexus of guinea-pig ileum, in vitro, both
      spontaneous and evoked by field-stimulation, responds to the seasonal transition
      from the spring to close to the beginning of summer. It did not change during the
      summer, however, tended to be higher than during the initial period (3 weeks
      after the beginning of spring).

PMID- 1213069
TI  - An evaluation of apomorphine action on doapminergic receptors.
AB  - The controversial literature reports leave open a question whether apomorphine
      (APO) and dopamine (DA) share a common receptor? After careful evlauation of the
      arguments, both for and against, about direct action of APO on DA receptor we
      propose that rigid molecules like APO hold trans-cisoid conformation and
      preferably interact with the pre-synaptic DA receptors while ADTN (2-amino-6,7
      dihydroxy, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrxonaphthalene) incorporates trans-transcoid
      conformation and primarily acts on post-synpatic DA receptors. Dopamine, by
      virtue of its molecular flexibility, can act on both the receptors.

PMID- 1213070
TI  - The uptake of 35S by hypothalamic and neurohypophysial proteins following
      intraventricular injection of L-cysteine-35S-hydrochloride in rats dehydrated and
      reserpinized.
AB  - In rats dehydrated for 48 h and injected intraventricularly with L-cysteine-35S
      hydrochloride, the specific activity of TCA-precipitable material, both in the
      hypothalamus and neurohypophysis, was found to diminish under reserpine
      treatment.

PMID- 1213071
TI  - The site of triglyceride biosynthesis in milk.
AB  - THe triglyceride biosynthesis which occurs in freshly secreted goat skim milk can
      be localized predominantly to large (1-8 mum) pieces of membrane-bounded
      cytoplasm. These contain the usual cytoplasmic organelles (but no nucleus) plus
      one or more large lipid droplets.

PMID- 1213072
TI  - Dense core vesicles in cerebral cortex of the human fetus.
AB  - The present study clearly demonstrates that by the 15th week of gestation dense
      core vesicles appear within the human cerebral cortex. These vesicles can be
      identified within axon cylinders, axon growth cones, and axon synaptic terminals.
      The role of these vesicles is speculative, yet, their very presence at this early
      fetal stage seems to reflect an advanced state of synaptic vesicle development.

PMID- 1213073
TI  - Primary neural induction as studied by scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - Normal primary neural induction has been studied by scanning electron microscopy
      and the results compared with those obtained by TEM. Mesoderm cells are usually
      in contact with several other cells, both mesodermal and endodermal in origin. By
      SEM the ectoderm layer has been shown to be in contact with the underlying
      mesoderm cells. Tufts of fibrous basement membrane are also present between the
      two cell types. TEM specimens also show an intermediate basement membrane.

PMID- 1213074
TI  - An ultrastructural investigation of the effects of perinatal malnutrition on E
      PTA-stained synaptic junctions.
AB  - The effect of protein-deficient diet on E-PTA stained synapses in rat cerebral
      cortex was studied by electron microscopy. No significant difference was observed
      in synaptic morphology between control and malnourished animals at 35 days
      postnatal.

PMID- 1213075
TI  - Ultrastructure of cell-mediated immunity. I. Comparison between E and EA
      rosettes.
AB  - The ultrastructural comparison between E and EA rosettes showed that, in the
      former, the rosetting lymphocytes are mostly round in shape and their interaction
      with sheep erythrocytes only consists of limited areas of membrane contact, in
      the latter, rosetting lymphocytes are mostly in the shape of uropods and
      surrounding ox red cells show pseudopods protruding towards the lymphocyte and
      coming into contact with it.

PMID- 1213076
TI  - Manifestation of anaphylaxis to egg albumen in the lizard, Calotes versicolor.
AB  - Anaphylaxis was induced in the lizard, Calotes versicolor by egg albumen. The
      symptoms were similar to those found in other species. The maximum mortality
      occurred 14 days after sensitization and the reaction was specific. Splenectomy
      before sensitization abrogated the manifestations of anaphylaxis.

PMID- 1213077
TI  - [Effects of microdoses of testosterone and 5alpha-DHT on castrated lizard
      (Lacerta vivipara Jacquin) epididymis cultivated in vitro (author's transl)].
AB  - In contrast to earlier results obtained with high doses of testerone and 5 alpha
      DHT given for short periods (10 days), very low doses of testerone are more
      potent than 5 alpha-DHT in stimulating regressed epididymis cultivated for 23
      days.

PMID- 1213078
TI  - A simple stimulus isolation unit using a complementary metal oxide semiconductor
      switch.

PMID- 1213080
TI  - Letter: Pregnancy planning/abortion.

PMID- 1213079
TI  - The IUD revisited.

PMID- 1213082
TI  - Getting population education into a public school system: lessons learned in
      Baltimore.

PMID- 1213081
TI  - Sexual and contraceptive knowledge, attitudes and behavior of male adolescents.

PMID- 1213084
TI  - Women, sex and patriarchy.

PMID- 1213083
TI  - Rural fertility trends and differentials.

PMID- 1213085
TI  - Planned and unplanned fertility in a metropolitan area: black and white
      differences.

PMID- 1213086
TI  - [Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroimidazo(1,2-c)-pyrimidin-2-one derivatives].

PMID- 1213087
TI  - [Improvement in the control of work execution].

PMID- 1213088
TI  - [IR spectroscopy of synthetic analogs of androgen hormones].

PMID- 1213089
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of alkaloids in polyalkaloid drug mixtures with
      platyphyllin hydrotartrate using chromatography, extraction photocolorimetry and
      spectrophotometry].

PMID- 1213090
TI  - [Ceriometric determination of antipyrine].

PMID- 1213091
TI  - [Spectrophotometric determination of the furocoumarins in a preparation of
      psoralen].

PMID- 1213092
TI  - [Spectrofluorometric determination of the Soviet beta-adrenoblockader, anaprilin,
      in the blood plasma and urine of hypertension patients].

PMID- 1213093
TI  - [Identification and determination of iprazide in cadaveric material].

PMID- 1213094
TI  - [Pharmacology of the total alkaloids in Astragalus cicer].

PMID- 1213095
TI  - [Role of dialysis and lyophilic drying in increasing the stability of gastric
      juice preparations].

PMID- 1213096
TI  - [Obtaining plant raw material enriched with cardiac glycosides from Cheiranthus
      alleonii].

PMID- 1213097
TI  - [Microscopic study of the herb, Melandrium album].

PMID- 1213098
TI  - [Development and application of a thesaurus of the terminology in pharmacy
      organization and economics].

PMID- 1213099
TI  - [Study of the dependence relationship between the use of psychotropic drug
      preparations and diseases].

PMID- 1213100
TI  - [Determination of work productivity in pharmacies].

PMID- 1213102
TI  - [Role of the Scientific Society of Pharmacists in the further improvement of the
      work of the pharmacy network].

PMID- 1213101
TI  - [Work of the Scientific Society of Pharmacists of the Ukrainian SSR].

PMID- 1213103
TI  - [Work of the Kharkov Branch of the Scientific Society of Pharmacists].

PMID- 1213104
TI  - [Work of the Lvov Branch of the Scientific Society of Pharmacists].

PMID- 1213105
TI  - [Work experience of a provincial branch of the Scientific Society of
      Pharmacists].

PMID- 1213106
TI  - [Improving the professional mastery of pharmacists].

PMID- 1213108
TI  - [Synthesis and study of D(--)threo-1-(n-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxyisopropyloxamic
      hydrazide derivatives].

PMID- 1213109
TI  - [Acyloxyphosphazohaloid carbacyls].

PMID- 1213107
TI  - [Scientific medical societies and their role in the development of the science
      and practice of public health].

PMID- 1213110
TI  - [Synthesis of barbiturate thio- and selenosemicarbazones].

PMID- 1213111
TI  - [Determination of some ethylenimine derivatives using thin-layer chromatography.
      I].

PMID- 1213112
TI  - [Use of rhodanines for the identification and quantitative determination of folic
      acid. I].

PMID- 1213113
TI  - [Establishment of the qualitative and quantitative makeup of the polysaccharides
      in plant raw material and preparations by physicochemical methods. I].

PMID- 1213114
TI  - [Isolation of natural codeine from the pods of the opium poppy].

PMID- 1213115
TI  - [Effect of the direction of extractant feed to the extractor on the rate of raw
      material exhaustion].

PMID- 1213116
TI  - [Role of the All-Union Scientific Society of Pharmacists in the successful
      development of the theory and practice of pharmacy].

PMID- 1213117
TI  - [Improvement in the production operations in executing orders in pharmacy
      warehouses].

PMID- 1213118
TI  - [Development of the newtork of pharmacies and pharmacy centers with staff
      pharmacists].

PMID- 1213119
TI  - [Role of the International Pharmaceutical Federation in the development of
      pharmacy].

PMID- 1213120
TI  - [Influence of phenamin on the reaction of cortical neurons evoked by stimulation
      of mesodiencephalic structures].
AB  - Experiments set upon 32 cats demonstrated that d, l-amphetamine (1-3 mg/kg,
      intravenously) augmented the number of responding units, modified the structure
      of the response and the intensity of the reaction from the sensorimotor
      (somatosensory) cortex neurones following stimulation of the mesencephalic
      reticular formation. Weakening of phasical and significant intensification of
      tonic reactions from the lateral hypothalamus was noted, this being attended by a
      rise of areactive neurones. A single stimulation of the antero-medial
      hypothalamus evoked inhibitory responses more often than it did in controls. Its
      rhythmical stimulation was less frequently accompanied by activation which
      stressed the inhibitory nature of the cortical response. It is suggested that the
      action of d, l-amphetamine on the cortex depends not only upon mobilization of
      brain stem reticular formation, but also on the greater reticulo-hypothalamic
      interaction, as well as on the direct excitation (stimulation) of the
      hypothalamic centres.

PMID- 1213121
TI  - [Pharmacology of phthorphenazine-depot].
AB  - The psychotropic activity, the content in the organs and tissues, the acute and
      chronic toxicity of phthorphenazine-depot - (phthorphenazine-decanoate)-2
      triphthormethyl-10-/3/1-(beta-caprionyl-oxyethyl)-piperazinyl-4/
      propy/phenothiazine - were studied as contrasted against phthorphenazine
      dehydrochloride. Phthorphenazine-depot has been found to display a prolonged
      action, a single injection being sufficient to depress conditioned avoidance
      reflexes for a period of 45-50 days. The antagonism of the drug to phenamine is
      manifest for 30 days after its administration. After 17 days from the instant of
      its introduction phthorphenamine is capable of prolonging the anesthetic action
      of sodium thiopental. Upon a single administration phthorphenazine-depot
      continues to be in evidence in the tissues of organs and in the blood over a
      period of 4-5 weeks. The drug is little toxic, this having been ascertained in
      the course of acute and chronic experiments.

PMID- 1213122
TI  - [Influence of aminazine on the permeability of the membranes of the lysosomes of
      the brain and liver of rats in a state of hypoxia].

PMID- 1213123
TI  - [Comparison of anticholinesterase activity and the effectiveness of
      anticholinesterase substances].
AB  - In vitro tests set up to compare the anticholinesterase, cholinomimetic,
      cholinopotentiating and cholinolytic activity of 6 reversible cholinesterase
      inhibitors furnished grounds for an inference that all these agents produce an
      anticholinesterase effect which determines the qualitative specificity of their
      action. This specificity has been demonstrated in experiments on cats and
      rabbits. Some of the drugs (oxazyl) exert a practically elective effect on the H
      cholinoreactive muscle systems, whereas others (eserin) act in a similar manner
      on the M-cholinoreactive systems of the intestines. The action of proserine and
      galanthamine os of a less selective nature.

PMID- 1213124
TI  - [Synthesis, release and distribution of acetylcholine in the brain of rats under
      cholinergic influences].
AB  - Tests staged on rats demonstrated that scopolamine and arecoline raise the
      content of acetylcholine in the cerebral tissue, the said effect continuing also
      with simultaneous administration of these substances. Possible mechanisms of the
      revealed phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 1213125
TI  - [Mechanism of the action aminopyrine].
AB  - In acute experiments on unanesthetized cats with a single and paired stimulation
      the effect of aminopyrine (5-30 mg/kg, intravenously) on bioelectric reactions in
      the conduction system of afferent impulsation at the thalamo-cortical level was
      studied. Aminopyrine is shown to highten the amplitude of an evoked potential of
      the somato-sensory cortex and of the specific transmitting nucleus of the
      thalamus upon stimulation of the radial nerve and to significantly lengthen with
      paired stimulation the regeneration period of the neuronic systems excitability
      in the structures under review. Investigations into the states of the cortical
      neuronic systems proper showed aminopyrine capable of increasing the number of
      high-frequency oscillations and the amplitude of the interzonal response as well
      as to lengthen with paired stimulation the restoration period of the neuronic
      systems excitability.

PMID- 1213127
TI  - [Influence of diazepam and triftazine on the blood supply and the activity of the
      heart].
AB  - In experiments with urethan and chloralose anesthetized cats it was found that
      diazepam (0.15 and 0.5 mg/kg) and trifazine (0.25 and 1 mg/kg), when administered
      intravenously, produce hypotension, depress the tonicity of the coronary and
      renal vessels. Under the effect of diazepam there develops bradycardia, the
      maximal acceleration of the blood flow in the aorta and the cardiac ejection
      decrease, the systol period gets longer, the coronary circulation rate and the
      oxygen uptake by the heart go down. Triftazine, on the contrary, augments the
      blood outflow from the coronary sinus and the oxygen uptake by the myocardium. In
      the course of 5-10 minutes following introduction thereof it produces
      tachycardia, intensifies the contractility of the myocardium and the cardiac
      ejection.

PMID- 1213126
TI  - [Dopamine receptors of the smooth muscles].
AB  - It is shown that the interuption of sympathetic nerves in the smooth muscles of
      the deferent duct or ejejunum of rats achieved by a 4-day keeping of the duct in
      cold or by the reserpine treatment of the animals does not produce any essential
      effect on the dopamine action. The contraction of smooth muscles in the isolated
      deferent duct, mesenteric and renal vessels of rats is effectively eliminated by
      alpha-andrenolytics (dihydroergotoxin, phentolamine), while the inhibitory
      effects of dopamine (lowering of vasotonicity of the rats' jejunum tone) are
      suppressed with propranolol. Galoperidol and methylergometrin display in
      experiments with smooth muscle organs but a low degree of antagonism to dopamine.
      The activity of phentolamine as an antagonist of norepinephrine and dopamine in
      the deferent duct is identical.

PMID- 1213128
TI  - [Age-related peculiarities of the effect of angiotensin-2 on some hemodynamic
      indices].
AB  - Changes occurring in some aspects of the hemodynamics following intravenous
      administration of different doses of angiotensin-2 were studied in tests staged
      on adult and old rabbits of both sexes. The older animals are shown to be more
      sensitive to this drug, for in them low doses (0.01, 0.1 gamma/kg) produced a
      significant elevation of the arterial pressure. On introduction of such doses the
      older animals more often demonstrate an accretion of the cardiac output.
      Introduction of the same doses to adult rabbits is more frequently attended by a
      rise of the total peripheral resistance. Upon administration of large doses of
      angiotensin-2 (1, 5 gamma/kg) the adult and older rabbits present more often a
      rise of the total peripheral resistance.

PMID- 1213129
TI  - [Mechanism of the diuretic effect of eufillin].
AB  - In acute experiments on rats the xanthine diuretic euphylline did not block the
      short-circuited current in the proximal tubule, nor did it lower the transtubular
      potential and the transepithelial resistance of the nephron wall. The diuretic
      speeded up significantly the passage of the tubular fluid along the proximal
      region of the nephron and Henle's loop. The dihydroergotoxin and inderal blocking
      of adrenoreceptors did not produce any influence on the renal effects of the
      xanthine agent. Reserpine totally blocked the diuretic and saluretic effects of
      euphylline, whereas other sympatholytics, such as alpha-methyl-dofa, anthabus and
      hemedin, did not modify the action of the diuretic.

PMID- 1213130
TI  - [Experimental study of the anti-inflammatory action of pyridinolcarbamate].
AB  - When used in doses of 20-50 mg/kg on models of acute exudative and chronic
      propliferative inflammation in rats pyridinolcarbamate inhibited the development
      of an exudative reaction provoked by bradykinine and silver nitrate and did not
      influence the effects of histamine and dextran, nor the chronic proliferative
      inflammatory process. As concerns its antiexudative action pyridinolcarbamate is
      superior to butadion. The effect of the drug comes from its selective
      antibradykinine action.

PMID- 1213131
TI  - [Study of the dynamics of fibrinolysis in a thin layer under the influence of
      streptokinase].
AB  - Dynamics of fibrinolysis in a thin layer of a fibrin-agar plate containing
      streptokinase undergoing the action of the blood plasma enzymes taken from a
      healthy person was examined. A continuous recording of the area covering the
      lysis zone was made. The fibrinolysis process on the fibrin-ager plate is shown
      to proceed uniformly.

PMID- 1213132
TI  - [Influence of low doses of a heparin-urea complex on the aggregation of
      thrombocytes and the fibrinolytic activity of blood in intravenous infusion and
      in in vitro experiments].
AB  - An addition in in vitro experiments of a heparin-urea (HU) complex to a
      thrombocyte rich plasma completely blocked the onset of the thrombocytes
      aggregation, induced by thrombin, and reduced the degree of aggregation caused by
      adenosine-diphosphate. An intravenous administration of a 0.01% HU complex
      solution to rats 5 minutes after injection also blocked the thrombocytes
      aggregation induced by thrombin. The effect of the HU complex on the thromocytes
      aggregation proceeded against the background of a significantly delayed blood
      clotting time and an activation of of a fermentative and non-fermentative
      fibrinolysis, emerging after introduction of the heparin-urea complex.

PMID- 1213133
TI  - [Influence of sodium salicylate, acetylsalicylate, 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic and 2, 3
      diacetoxybenzoic acids on the blood coagulation system and the elimination of
      heparin].
AB  - Tests conducted on rabbits demonstrated that with a long-term enteral
      introduction (in amounts of 200 mg/kg, twice a day for 10 days) of 2-3
      diacetoxybenzoic acid, sodium salicylate and acetylsalicylic acid these compounds
      depress the coagulation potential of the blood, 2-3-diacetoxybenzoic acid
      displaying also a hypocoagulation action even with its single administration in a
      dose of 400 mg/KJI. The said substances raise the level of the endogenous blood
      heparin and reinforce the anticoagulative action of heparin, 2-3-dioxybenzoic
      acid lowers somewhat the concentration and the anticlotting effect of heparin.

PMID- 1213134
TI  - [Influence of some antifeine derivatives on the acid-base properties and the
      electrolyte balance of the blood].
AB  - The effect of antifeine and of its alkyl derivatives-aethimizool, etherfil and
      the preparation 163-on the acid-base equilibrium (ABE) and the electrolytes
      balance of blood in rabbits was studied. Antifeine, aethimizol and ethefil were
      found to produce a mixed character of disturbances involving the metabolic and
      respiratory components of the ABE. The preparation 163 changed the respiratory
      component of the ABE alone. The blood electrolytes shifts in rabbits depended
      also on the features specific for the chemical structure of the substances.

PMID- 1213135
TI  - [Use of gutimin for the treatment of experimental traumatic shock].
AB  - The guthymine medication of a severe shock in rats started 10-20 minutes after
      injury is shown to eliminate energy metabolism disorders in the brain, liver and
      kidneys. In the brain of the guthamyine treated rats even a somewhat reduced
      adenosinetriphosphate content was demonstrable. Administration of guthymine
      together with polyglucin to cats in a torpid phase of the shock did not effect
      treir survival, but shortened the life-span of the test animals as compared to
      controls (receiving polyglucin alone). With guthymine addid to polyglucin the
      lactate and pyruvate concentration in the blood remained unchanged.

PMID- 1213136
TI  - [Influence of sodium ribonucleate on the incorporation of labelled precursors
      into the RNA of the mitochondria of the organs of white rats].
AB  - Albino rats were given injections of sodium ribonucleate (5 mg/100 g) daily for
      14 days. The intensity of P32-orthophosphate, C14-orotate, or H3-uridine
      incorporation in mitochondrial RNA of the liver, heart and spleen was studied. It
      was found that exogenous ribonucleate increases the incorporation of the labeled
      precursors in the total RNA, rRNA and tRNA, this increase being more pronounced
      in tRNA than in rRNA.

PMID- 1213137
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the cells of the peripheral blood in experimental lead
      poisoning].
AB  - In rabbits exposed to lead poisoning electron microscopy revealed the presence in
      reticulocytes and erythrocytes of differently sized vacuoles, an amassment of
      ferritin granules in the mitochondria along with autophaging vacuoles; leucocytes
      evidenced turgescence of the mitochondria, up to and including their destruction
      and emptiness; the blood platelets showed an abundant vacuolization with
      disordered distribution of the serotonin and glycogen granules. The above changes
      become most spectacular on the 7-21st day after poisoning and by the 50th day
      they are encountered but in isolated cells.

PMID- 1213138
TI  - [Pharmaco-toxocologic study of the anti-tuberculosis preparation prothionimide].
AB  - Investigations of prothionamide effected on different animal species showed the
      drug to be of low toxicity. In relatively big doses it produced adynamia,
      hypothermy and a fall of arterial pressure. When employed in doses much higher
      (by 10-20 times) than therapeutic ones for humans prothionamide, when used
      repeatedly, may exercise a hepatotoxic action.

PMID- 1213139
TI  - [Influence of chronic injections of aminazin on the oogenesis and development of
      the progeny of animals (white mice)].
AB  - When introduced repeatedly prior to the onset of pregnancy chlorpromazine in a
      dose of 16 mg/kg limits the progeny of albino mice. An important factor
      responsible for the reduction in the number of young mice in the litter is
      inhibition of oogenesis. A single injection of the same dose of chlorpromazine
      made at the end of gestation (18th day) against the background of its preliminary
      administration before the onset of pregnancy results in an interruption of the
      latter, or in a gravely disturbed post-natal development of some of the
      offsprings. The disturbances find their expression in a delayed growth and motor
      activity, incoordination of motions and are accompanied by changes in the
      tegument, diarrhea (form the moment of changing over to a mixed alimentation), in
      underdevelopment of the organs and of histological structures that are part of
      them.

PMID- 1213140
TI  - [Influence of adrenal cortex hormones on the process of acetylation].
AB  - Tests conducted with intact and adrenalectomized albino rats demonstrated that
      cortisone and desoxycorticosterone acetate used in doses of 25 and 5 mg/kg,
      respectively when introduced simultaneously for 7 days tend to significantly
      intensify the acetylating capacity of the organism. There was no correlation
      between the intensification of the paraaminobenzoate acetylation and coenzyme "A"
      content in the tissues and also the pantothenic acid utilization.

PMID- 1213141
TI  - [Influence of the long-term administration of barbiturates on the structural
      functional characteristics of the uterine epithelium].
AB  - By using histological, histochemical and electron-microscopic methods it is shown
      that upon administration of phenobarbital, nembutal and sodium barbital to albino
      mice for a space of 5 and 25 days there occur changes in the metabolic and
      synthetic processes in the endometrium, which with a short-term action become
      manifest in inhibition and with their prolonged application--in activation of
      these processes. There are available data that bear proof to the appearance of
      signs pointing to destruction occurring in the uterine epithelium secondary to
      the introduction of the said agents.

PMID- 1213142
TI  - [Rosanol: electrophysiologic and biophysical study].
AB  - It has been established that rosanol, obtained from bulgarian rose oil, averts
      fatal disturbances of the cardiac rhythm induced by calcium dichloride and also
      prevents the onset of severe changes on the electrocardiogram provoked by a high
      frequency electric stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation and by an
      intravenous administration of high doses of norepinepharine. In experiments on
      mitochondria the authors make an attempt to explain this antiarhythmic effect of
      rosanol by stabilization of the membranous potential.

PMID- 1213143
TI  - [Influence of polychlorpinene on the cholate forming and conjugating functions of
      the liver].
AB  - Tests conducted with 69 rabbits ascertained a marked influence of acute and
      chronic poisoning with polychlorpinene on the synthesis and conjugation of bile
      acids with glycine and taurine. In cases of acute poisoning there was observed an
      inhibition of the bile acids synthesis, while in chronic poisoning there occurred
      an insignificant activation of the latter. In acute poisoning the conjugating
      function of the liver is grossly upset in regard to taurine and glycine and in
      chronic poisoning-to glycine.

PMID- 1213144
TI  - [Pharmacological properties of the alkaloid thalicmine].
AB  - In the course of tests conducted on anesthetized cats and dogs it was ascertained
      that starting with a dose of 0.5 mg/kg alkaloid talicmin depresses the tussal
      reflex and produces a hypotensive, spasmolytic and adrenolytic action.

PMID- 1213146
TI  - [Method of measuring local blood flow in the brain of laboratory animals by use
      of microthermal resistances].

PMID- 1213145
TI  - [Study of the pharmacokinetics of phosphemide in rats with the use of physico
      chemical methods].
AB  - A study on the passage of phosphemide with urine and distribution of the drug
      over the organs and tissues of intact (without fumour) rats and those with
      sarcoma-45 showed the bulk of unchanged drug to be excreted together with the
      urine during the first 3-4 hours following its intravenous and intraperitoneal
      administration. In rats with sarcoma-45 phosphamide is passed with urine in a
      somewhat greater amount than in the intact animals. With intravenous application
      the rate of the drug elimination in intact rats and in the ones with carcoma-45
      is virtually the same, being somewhat lower with intraperitoneal injection of
      phosphemide.

PMID- 1213148
TI  - [Temporary connections and the balance of basic nervous processes with regard to
      syllogisms].

PMID- 1213147
TI  - [Calculation of the confidence interval of the mean and comparing the means in
      biological tests].

PMID- 1213149
TI  - [The influence of after-potentials of trace and delayed conditioned reflexes on
      the functional state of the auditory analyzer].

PMID- 1213150
TI  - [Conditioned reflex activity in puppies exposed to pure tones].

PMID- 1213151
TI  - [Synthesis of conditioned motor reactions in chickens during early ontogensis].

PMID- 1213152
TI  - [Simultaneous differentiation of geometric forms by birds].

PMID- 1213153
TI  - [The influence of a static electrical field on conditioned reflex activity].

PMID- 1213154
TI  - [Electroencephalographic features of persons possessing different labilities of
      basic nervous processes].

PMID- 1213155
TI  - [The effect of total x-irradiation on the lability of nervous processes in young
      rats].

PMID- 1213156
TI  - [Electrical responses of the cerebellar cortex to stimulation of the
      ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus].

PMID- 1213157
TI  - [The influence of polarization focus of increased activity on the cholinesterase
      activity of symmetrical regions of the cerebral cortex].

PMID- 1213158
TI  - [The functional state of the cortex and subcortical brain regions in acute
      pulmonary edema].

PMID- 1213160
TI  - [Individual differences in response to hypoxia].

PMID- 1213159
TI  - [The effect of stimulating nuclei of the striopallidel system on arterial
      pressure and heart rate].

PMID- 1213161
TI  - [The effect of experimental circulatory hypoxia on tissue respiration and
      anaerobic glycolysis in liver and kidneys].

PMID- 1213162
TI  - [Several functional indices of the respiratory systems of student-gymnasts].

PMID- 1213163
TI  - [Several morphologic and functional features of trypsinized heart cells from
      newborn rats].

PMID- 1213164
TI  - [An attempt at a neurophysiologic interpretation of intellect].

PMID- 1213165
TI  - [The effect of antidromic stimulation of spinal motor neurons on nucleic acid
      turnover in their cytoplasm].

PMID- 1213166
TI  - [The role of activation of the neuromuscular apparatus in decurarization].

PMID- 1213167
TI  - [Hepatic secretory function of dogs reanimated by the donor method after
      prolonged periods of death from electrotrauma].

PMID- 1213168
TI  - [Changes in peripheral visual fields under high-altitude conditions].

PMID- 1213169
TI  - [The effect of ionizing radiation combined with microwaves on permeability of the
      histo-hematic barrier].

PMID- 1213170
TI  - [Determination of the concentration of potassium, sodium and calcium in isolated
      nerve cells using integrated flame microspectrophotometry].

PMID- 1213171
TI  - [Selection of alveolar air for continuous operation gas analyzers].

PMID- 1213172
TI  - [The role of the caudate nucleus in the development of convulsive discharges].
AB  - A single or rhythmical (1-3/sec) stimulation of the caudate nucleus in
      unrestrained rats facilitated formation of slow negative waves and the spike-wave
      complexes in the EEG of the sensory-motor cortex and contralateral neostriatum,
      as well as development of behavioral disturbances due to subseisure doses of
      pentylentetrazol. During the low-frequency stimulation of the caudate nucleus or
      after its cessation, when giving the convulsant drug, regular potentials of the
      spike-wave type or a general seizure may occur. The caudate nucleus is supposed
      to be able to participate in the petit mal seizure mechanisms because of its
      syndhronizing influences on the cortex.

PMID- 1213173
TI  - [The influence of sex hormones on the bioelectric activity of the cortex and
      hypothalamo-reticulo-limbic structures of the brain].
AB  - In rabbits and rats, sexual steroid hormones were shown to alter bioelectric
      activity mainly in the structures of the Nauta septo-hypothalamo-hippocampal
      circle and the amygdalar circle of the limbic system. The data obtained suggested
      participation of steroid hormones in the processes of self-regulation of the
      cerebral reticulo-hypothalamolimbic complex's functions by means of involving
      into the process of reverberations in the limbic system's circles.

PMID- 1213174
TI  - [An electron microscopic study of the intermediolateral nucleus of the cat spinal
      cord].
AB  - The intermedio-lateral nucleus in the 1--2 lumbar segments of spinal cord was
      studied in adult cats. Many large presynaptic terminals contained both the
      filaments and the light synaptic vesicles which were in contact either with
      neuronal body or with initial portions of dendrites. There were no spines on the
      dendrites. The nucleus was shown to contain more fibrous astrocytes than other
      parts of the c. n. s. The data obtained are discussed with regard to the results
      of recent electrophysiological study of sympathetic preganglionic neurons.

PMID- 1213175
TI  - [The relationship between achievement of a simple movement and changes in the
      individual components of an evoked potential].
AB  - Various moments of preparation and performance of a simple voluntary movement
      were tested in man with the aid of somatosensory, auditory, and visual evoked
      responses. An obvious attenuation of somatosensory responses closely related to
      the movement but independent of the spontaneous EEG changes and unaffected by the
      ischaemic deafferentation of the active limb, was observed. The time course of
      the amplitude changes was different for separate components of the same evoked
      response. The evoked response to stimulation of the inactive limb and the
      auditory evoked response changed also, while the visual evoked response remained
      unchanged. The described changes cannot be explained by changes in the
      transmission via the specific pathways. The changes in the response early
      components are supposed to manifest facilitation or activation of the sensory
      motor cortical neurons, and those of the late, generalized complex--a decrease in
      the ascending message from unspecific structures.

PMID- 1213176
TI  - [The relationship between pre-exertional biochemical changes metabolic features
      during muscular activity].
AB  - Metabolic changes during intense muscular activity and the work efficiency depend
      on the prestart biochemical changes. Excessiveness of these changes or,
      particularly, their absence decrease the work capacity. Character of the prestart
      reaction depends on the grade of adaptation of the organism to muscular activity;
      favourable, moderate prestart biochemical changes are characteristic o highly
      trained sportsmen. Disturbed ATP balance in the working muscles was found not to
      be always a limiting factor for the work capacity.

PMID- 1213178
TI  - [Frequency characteristics of central auditory neurons following a decrease in
      the number of periods of excitatory pure tones].
AB  - In anesthetized rats, frequency-threshold curves of the inferior colliculus
      neurons to signals with various number of cycles in a pure tone burst
      (n=1;10;f/1000X50), were estimated. A great majority of neurons were
      characterized by pronounced frequency selectivity even to signals containing one
      cycle. Response thresholds mainly depended on the tone frequency; the maximal
      threshold sensitivity was obtained at the same frequency when tested with 1 or
      10/sec sine wave and 50 msec duration tone. Sharpness of the frequency-threshold
      curve depends both on duration of signal and discharge pattern of the neuron:
      when the signal duration decreases sharpening of the frequency-threshold is
      observed in neurons with initial response, while flattening of the frequency
      threshold curve is observed in neurons with sustained response.

PMID- 1213177
TI  - [Convergence and interaction of visceral, somatic and visual excitations in
      individual neurons of the cat lateral geniculate bodies].
AB  - In anesthetized cats, electric stimulation of the vagal, splanchnic, pelvic, and
      ischiatic nerves and of the mesencephalic RF entailed both prolonged diffuse
      acceleration or inhibition of firing rate and phasic responses of single LGB
      neurons. Somatic stimuli were found to be the most effective. Visceral and
      somatic stimuli either facilitated or inhibited the activity of neurons caused by
      LGB photo-stimulation. The data obtained indicate that visceral and somatic
      stimulation tells on the optical information in the LGB neuronal apparatus.

PMID- 1213179
TI  - [The rhythmicity of physiologic changes in the functional state of the visual and
      skin temperature analyzers in man].
AB  - Considering significance of the light and the temperature factors for the
      rhythmic activity of the organism, the maximum of the day's functional activity
      of the thermoreceptor system was noted at 5 p.m. and the minimum--at 1 a.m. The
      functional activity of the visual receptor system is closely related to the day's
      changes in illumination. Seasonal changes of activity of the sensory systems
      under study are also obvious. The functional adjustment of each analyser and
      their coadjustment are emphasized as very significant.

PMID- 1213180
TI  - [The subliminal fringe of the motor neuron pool of the human soleus muscle during
      rest and excitation].

PMID- 1213181
TI  - [Correlation between changes in the efferent impulsation in the splenic nerve and
      reflex responses in the resistance and capacitance vessels of the spleen].
AB  - In acute experiments on cats, administration of hexonium (2 mg/kg) abolishes
      constrictory responses of the spleen resistance vessels in pressory sinocarotid
      reflex while the constrictory and dilatory responses of the capacitance vessels
      are preserved. Simultaneously, the high amplitude (over 15 mcV) sympathetic
      discharge is abolished in the spleen nerves which suggests its connection with
      the resistance vessels' responses, and the low-amplitude (up to 15 mcV)
      discharges are preserved. The reflex changes of these discharges' frequency are
      correlated in direction with the reflex responses of the capacitance vessels.

PMID- 1213182
TI  - [Human perception of one's own respiratory volume].
AB  - In young healthy subjects, the ability of correct estimation of own respiratory
      volume and of rather exact reproduction of its given value, was shown. However,
      on artificial increase in the resistance to breathing the subjects percept the
      respiratory volume as a greater than actual one and, having been told to decrease
      the respiratory volume, reduced it to a greater than necessary extent. An
      opposite phenomenon was noted on reducing the resistance to respiration. Moderate
      hypoxia and, particularly, hypercapnia evoked involuntary exaggeration of asked
      respiratory volume while hyperoxia evoked its reducing. The data obtained suggest
      that the main source of sensations associated with a respiratory act is the
      afferent projection from the proprioreceptors of respiratory muscles, which
      reflects the value of inspiratory effort. The perception of respiratory volume
      may be distorted by changes of projections from chemoreceptors participating in
      regulation of breathing.

PMID- 1213183
TI  - [Changes in the motor and evacuatory activity of the stomach, duodenum and gall
      bladder during gradual development of pancreatic atrophy].

PMID- 1213184
TI  - [Motor and electrical activity of the stomach and jejunum under the influence of
      angiotensin II].

PMID- 1213185
TI  - [Smooth muscle biopotentials and the contractile activity of the stomach].
AB  - In chronic experiments on dogs, every peristaltic wave of the stomach was
      syndhronous with a burst of spike potentials on its secondary electric wave. Its
      primary electric waves are a xyndhronizer of tis peristalsis. In normal
      physiological conditions, the amplitude of the stomach primary electric waves was
      shown to be relatively stable, while regarding its functional condition the
      amplitude of its peristaltic waves may change to a great extent: from 0 to 200 g.

PMID- 1213186
TI  - [Periodic changes in the enzyme-separating processes in the pancreas during
      hunger].

PMID- 1213187
TI  - [Participation of subcortical nerve formations in regulation of the absorptive
      activity of the intestine].

PMID- 1213188
TI  - [Prolactin levels in the blood of ruminants].
AB  - The contents of prolactin in the blood of male ruminants and dry-period,
      pregnant, and lactating female ruminants was studied by a radioimmunological
      method. The prolactin was found to take part not only in the lactation processes
      but in some other functions too. The utmost changes of the prolactin contents
      were observed during milking: the release of prolactin from the adenohypophysis
      is the unconditioned reflex action. The conditioning of the hormone release into
      the blood is also possible. Nociceptive stimulation or adrenalin administration
      reduce the level of the hormone. The hand milking is more adequate as compared
      with the machine one and results in the higher level of prolactin in the blood.
      The character of the prolactin contents changes in the blood makes it possible to
      recommend this parameter for a physiological estimation of milking apparata.

PMID- 1213189
TI  - [Neocortical electrical activity of cats with premesencephalic brain stem section
      under chronic experimental conditions].
AB  - In 24 cats, premesencephalic section of the brain-stem affected the sleep
      wakefulness cycle and caused desynchronization of the neocortical activity 3-4
      days after total isolation of the mesencephalic RF. The data obtained
      corroborates the existence of a certain brain structure situated more rostrally
      than the mesencephalic RF which is able to cause by itself the neocortical
      activation.

PMID- 1213190
TI  - [Interhemispheric relations of the cat visual cortex following unilateral
      polarization of the secondary visual area].
AB  - In 40 anesthetized cats, evoked potentials following light flashes during
      unilateral polarization of the secondary cortical visual area with DC anode (2-10
      mcA) were studied in symmetrical centers of the 17th and 18th fields. Four phases
      of interhemisphere interrelationships between the 18th field's symmetrical
      centers were shown: 1 -- extracallosal phase of synergic depression; 2 --
      callosal phase of dominant interrelationships; 3 -- callosal phase of synergic
      depression; 4 -- callosal-extracallosal phase of dominant interrelationships. In
      symmetrical centers of the 17th field, the only 1 extracallosal phase of synergic
      depression was observed during which the transcallosal modulation of nervous
      processes occurred. The data obtained are interpreted from the standpoint of the
      role of dominanta in interhemisphere interrelationships.

PMID- 1213191
TI  - [A comparative study of the functional characteristics of thrombocytes at
      different stages of individual development].
AB  - A comparative study of ADP-induced aggregation was made in adult rabbits' intact
      and refractory platelets and in 7-day rabbits' platelets in vitro. Platelets of
      the young animals resembled refractory those of adults. The effect of ADP on
      platelets in vivo did not depend on the age of animals. Changes in platelet
      population composition of adult and 7-day rabbits during standard isolation
      procedure were compared. The platelets in PRP of young rabbits were damaged to a
      greater extent than those of adult animals. It is suggested that the refractory
      state of young animal platelets in PRP as obtained with the standard technique,
      could be attributed to their decreased resistance against mechanical forces.

PMID- 1213192
TI  - [Changes in the oxygen tension and bioelectrical activity of the brains of
      animals subjected to acute hypoxia].
AB  - Simultaneous recording of oxygen tension (pO2) and bioelectrical activity led
      from different cerebral structures was made in rabbits and rats with implanted
      electrodes under conditions of acute hypoxia. Marked activation of the EEG as
      electrophysiological correlate of behavioural response was observed in rabbits
      only at the beginning of "ascent" and "descent". The EEG, respiration, and
      cardiac activity changes associated with the drop of PO2 in the brain tissue
      (activation of these parameters at the low "altitude" /2000-6000 m/ and their
      suppression at the maximal "altitudes" /8500 m/) were of approximately of the
      same character in both species.

PMID- 1213193
TI  - [A study of the intercapillary distribution of PO2 in the brain using
      microelectrodes].
AB  - A simple method was suggested which enabled to estimate the intercapillary PO2
      under different conditions. The intercapillary distribution of the cortex tissue
      oxygen pressure in normal conditions and in hypoxia was studied in unanesthetized
      and immobilized cats with the aid of microelectrodes. The absolute values
      obtained varied from 1 to 95 mm Hg. Initially high PO2 underwent maximum changes
      in hypoxia whereas lower PO2 values did not change significantly.

PMID- 1213194
TI  - [The existence of recurrent inhibition in the superior collicus of the rabbit].
AB  - The optic nerve stimulation entailed inhibition of the unit responses for 200-300
      msec, suppression of testing unit responses and of evoked potentials. When the
      testing responses to repeated stimuli were suppressed, the subsequent inhibition
      was suppressed also, and the next response was suppressed a little or not at all.
      The observed inhibition is supposed to be of a recurrent character.

PMID- 1213195
TI  - [Bioelectrical characteristics of the membrane of identified Coretus corneus
      mollusk neurons A and B upon activation and blocking of the electrogenic sodium
      pump].
AB  - Activation of the electrogenic sodium pump by means of increasing concentration
      of intracellular sodium ions in identified neurons A and B of the mollusc was
      followed by the hyperpolarization, decrease of the excitability, and depression
      of the neurons rhythmic activity. Apart from that, the amplitude and the maximal
      rates of rise of ascending (VB) and descending (VH) phases of action potential
      (AP) were almost unchanged. The depression of the electrogenic sodium pump
      activity due to 2,4-DNP and potassium-free medium, led to the depolarization,
      increase of excitability and frequency of the rhythmic activity, and decrease of
      AP, VB, and VH. The decrease and increase of the excitability may be explained by
      the changes of the critical level of depolarization. The decrease of AP, VB and
      VH may be accounted for by the changes of time parameters of activation and
      inactivation of sodium and potassium channels which are characteristic for the
      depolarization effect.

PMID- 1213196
TI  - [The vertical and rotatory components of ocular nystagmus induced by rotation in
      a horizontal plane].
AB  - During rotation of the rabbit around a vertical axis, movements of the eye were
      recorded on film. The rotation test involved positive angular accelaration (10
      grade. sec(-2)), two-minute rotation with constant angular speed (166 grade. sec(
      1)), and negative angular acceleration (10 grade. sec(-2)). Two variants of
      rotation were used: in one of them the rotation axis passed between labyrinths,
      in another - an excentricitet providing centrifugal force of 0.5 g was present.
      The successive processing of the film revealed simultaneous movements of the eye
      in three planes: horizontal, frontal, and sagittal. The movements in all the
      planes consisted of rhythmic (hystagmal proper) and tonic components. The
      movements in sagittal and frontal planes were comparable with those in horizontal
      planes. A tonic otolith reflex occurred additionally at the excentric rotation.
      The complex form of the nystagmus is regarded as a result of hydromechanical
      interaction between semicircular canals.

PMID- 1213197
TI  - [Processing of a color signal by different types of ganglion cells in the frog
      retina].
AB  - On changing the stimulus color (max 436, 506, and 605 nm) just a few neurons only
      worked according to the opponent principle, a large group of slow-discharging on
      off neurons altered the pattern of their discharge, and a considerable group of
      on-neurons was sensitive to the order of succession of colored stimuli. These
      latter cells generated response to a second stimulus with different time delays
      depending on the color of the first stimulus (the delay was registered starting
      from the end of response to the first stimulus). This is supposed to be one of
      the mechanisms of color identification, using not the spatial but the temporal
      comparison with another color.

PMID- 1213198
TI  - [Afferent reactions in the gastric branches of the vagus nerve and the developing
      secretory process].
AB  - In dogs with small pouch, the afferent activity increased during feeding in all
      the branches of the n. vagus. With beginning of gastric acid secretion, the
      greatest changes were observed as related to low-amplitude potentials. With
      progressing of the secretion process, two peaks of the afferent activity were
      observed: at the 30-45 th and 90-105 th min of experiment.

PMID- 1213199
TI  - [Electrical activity of the vagus nerve with high external temperatures].
AB  - In dogs with electrodes implanted in fundal gastric branch and with the stomach
      fistula, the spontaneous bioelectric activity in the n. vagus increased when the
      periodical motoric action of the stomach occurred. The injection of morphin (0.07
      mg/kg) increased the vagal efferent impulses and caused a marked contraction of
      the stomach. The influence of high external temperature (42 degrees C for an
      hour) upon the experimental animals decreased the efferent discharges in the n.
      vagus and suppressed the motor activity of the stomach.

PMID- 1213200
TI  - [The state of the vascular net and the hematoencephalic barrier in the cerebral
      cortex of rats during hypoxic training].
AB  - With the aid of vital contact microscopy of the brain cortex, a sharp increase up
      to 613.2% in the total length of capillaries for a space unit by the 60 th day of
      training was shown to occur in the pia and the cortex in the course the training
      for hypoxia. Also the excessive blood volume, enlargement and lengthening of the
      small arteries and veins as well as increase in the capillaries diameter by 25
      30%, were noted. In the course of the training, the blood flow speed increases
      considerably in cortical vessels. Study of the cortical blood-brain barrier by
      means of supravital microfluorimetry showed that, in the course of the training,
      the acid stainer (fluorescin) permeability through the barrier does not decrease.
      The readjustment of the cortical vascular net during the training does not affect
      the blood-brain permeability.

PMID- 1213201
TI  - [The mechanism of action of thyrocalcitonin on myocardial cells].
AB  - Thyrocalcitonin preserved its effect on the electric and contractile activity of
      the myocardial cells even under the influence of 2,4-dinitrophenol.
      Administration of the hormone during a considerable drop in amplitude and
      duration of the action potential due to DNP effect led to increase in the
      amplitude and to a still greater decrease in duration of the action potential.
      The contraction amplitude reduced by DNP was also augmented by the hormone
      administration.

PMID- 1213202
TI  - [The interaction of pressor and depressor mechanisms in the autoregulation of
      arterial pressure].
AB  - In normal conditions, the threshold depressor effects of the aortal nerve were
      shown to be stronger than its threshold pressor effects during stimulation of
      both the hypothalamic pressor points and the pressor areas of the bulbar vaso
      motor center. Mono- and polymodal neurons as related to excitation of pressor
      areas of the posterior hypothalamus and the aortal deressor nerve were revealed
      in a number of structures of the medulla oblongata cardio-vascular center. The
      convergent neurons are supposed to determine the output of antagonistic pressor
      and depressor interrelationships at the level of the medulla oblongata neurons.

PMID- 1213203
TI  - [The effect of acidic metabolic products on the capacitance and resistance
      vessels of the skeletal muscles and intestines].
AB  - Under conditions of the resistography of the skeletal muscle and intestinal
      vessels intraarterial injections of the acetic and lactic acid solutions in 75%
      cases evoked significant dilatation of the resistance vessels. Simultaneously
      enhancement of the venous outflou takes place, which is determined mainly by
      venous constriction and partly by the transfer of liquid from tissues into the
      blood. The rise of the venous outflow was lasted for 45 sec. and for 90 sec. in
      several experiments. This was not observed by the intraarterial injection of
      hypertonic solutions of NaCl Glucose, MgSO4 and others. The reactions of
      capacitance vessels was not dependent on the reactions of resistance vessels
      since the rise of the venous outflow took place also when only constriction of
      the resistance vessels (8 experiments) or when constrictor-dilatator reactions of
      the resistance vessels were observed.

PMID- 1213204
TI  - [An analysis of the mechanisms of depression of the blood's anticoagulating
      system].
AB  - On depression of the anticoagulating system's function due to a prolonged keeping
      of animals on aterogenic diet, a decrease in the speed of clearance of thrombin
      J131 was observed in the blood flow, the absorption of non-fermentative
      dissolvents of unstabilized fibrin (the heparin complex compounds) is sharply
      reduced in the liver and lungs tissues, and the fatty dystrophy of the liver
      cells followed by appearance of vacuoles in cytoplasm and decrease of the RNA and
      total protein contents in the cells, was observed.

PMID- 1213205
TI  - [Renin concentration in the blood of dogs with different variants of acute blood
      pressure alteration].
AB  - In acute experiments on dogs, a negative correlation between arterial pressure
      and the blood renin activity was shown during hemodynamic shifts following
      occlusion of the carotid arteries or v. cava anterior, as well as ephedrinum or
      nitrite of sodium administration. Stabilization of pressure in the renal arteries
      prevented alterations of the renin secretion. Renin participation in regulation
      of sodium-uresis during acute hemodynamic shifts is discussed.

PMID- 1213206
TI  - [Absorption of complex compounds of magnesium and amino acids in the small
      intestine].
AB  - In chronic experiments on 12 dogs, absorption of manganese complexes and amino
      acids proceeded more intensively than absorption of each of them separately. In
      acute experiments on 48 dogs, absorption of glycine and alanine complexes of
      manganese proceeded with an increase in oxygen utilization and in the rate of the
      intestinal motility.

PMID- 1213207
TI  - [Secretion of pepsinogen, amylase and alkaline phosphatase by human sweat
      glands].
AB  - Human sweat contains pepsinogen, amylase, and alkaline phosphatase excretion of
      which depends on functional state of the digestive and sweat glands and on the
      topography of latter. Pepsinogen excreted with sweat has the gastric origin.
      Different food irritants activate amylase and alkaline phosphatase excretion with
      sweat. A high positive correlation exists between amylase and pepsinogen
      excretion by kidneys and sweat glands in healthy subjects.

PMID- 1213208
TI  - [The role of membrane phosphate groups in thrombocyte aggregation].
AB  - Alkaline phosphatase effect on platelets was studied. The dog platelet was found
      to have 1.3-10(7) phosphate groups available for hydrolytic action of alkaline
      phosphatase. Incubation of platelets during 1 hr in the medium containing
      alkaline phosphatase inhibits aggregation induced by ADP, adrenaline, collagen,
      thrombin, and Ca++. The mechanism of alkaline phosphatase action on platelet
      aggregation is discussed from two points of view: 1) interference in the energy
      supply and 2) the removal of ligands for calcium.

PMID- 1213210
TI  - [A device for control of the sinking of microelectrode using an electric motor
      pacer].

PMID- 1213209
TI  - [Blocking the action potentials and contractions of skeletal muscle in frogs by
      muscle fiber transection].

PMID- 1213211
TI  - [A subcutaneous extendable hermetic cannule].

PMID- 1213213
TI  - Mass immigration and population dynamics in Israel.
AB  - Israel, in her 25 years of existence, received an unprecedented volume of
      immigration, which was the major source of her high population growth. This
      immigration was heavily concentrated in the first five years, 1948-1952; mass
      immigration of 711,000 supplemented an initial population of 630;000.
      Subsequently, since 1952, a very peculiar age-sex structure has developed:
      namely, instead of a pyramid, a wide rectangle for the younger age groups
      "topped" with a narrow pyramid for the older age groups. The peculiar age-sex
      dynamics is analyzed in relation to the volume of immigration with its uneven
      time distribution, the age selectivity of migrants and fertility-mortality
      patterns of migrants. It is concluded that the uneven time distribution of
      immigration and the higher fertility of migrants are jointly responsible for the
      development of Israel's peculiar age dynamics, and that the absence of either of
      these two factors alone would eliminate it. The peculiar dynamics has societal
      implications in the short and the long run, some of which are discussed.

PMID- 1213212
TI  - The yield of the imperfect: the 1970 National Fertility Study.

PMID- 1213214
TI  - Some determinants of the migration of professional manpower.
AB  - Determinants of migration of professional manpower are investigated using data
      from a 1970 survey of immigrants to the United States. From a respondent's stated
      "intent to stay" in the United States and five other characteristics a six
      dimensional contingency table is formed. We find a well-fitting log-linear model
      for this table. Thus, we establish the importance of selected determinants of
      migration and present a table of predicted rates of intent to stay in the United
      States.

PMID- 1213215
TI  - Social security and fertility: an international perspective.
AB  - A number of population scholars have asserted that social security programs such
      as old-age programs lead to decreased fertility levels because parents need not
      rely on children for "security" in old age. There is, however, a paucity of
      empirical data on the above. This paper analyzes 67 countries and shows that
      social security programs have a measurable negative effect on subsequent levels
      of fertility. In fact, the social security programs appear to have as much of an
      independent impact on fertility as do the traditional correlates of fertility
      (infant mortality, education and per capita income).

PMID- 1213216
TI  - A method for the estimation of fecundability.
AB  - A new method for the estimation of the mean and variance of fecundability is
      described. The data input required for this procedure is the distribution of the
      interval from marriage to first birth, or from the resumption of the conception
      risk after contraction to the subsequent birth. The estimates of the mean and
      variance of fecundability are obtained by fitting a model to the observed
      interval distribution. To test the method, it is applied to data from five
      historical populations. The fecundability means in these populations ranged from
      0.18 to 0.31 while the co-efficients of variation all had values near 0.56. A
      short method for the estimation of the mean of fecundability based on the same
      model, but not requiring a computer, is also presented.

PMID- 1213217
TI  - The construction of increment-decrement life tables: a comment on articles by R.
      Schoen and V. Nelson.

PMID- 1213218
TI  - Comment on N. K. Namboodiri's "which couples at given parties expect to have
      additional births? An exercise in discriminant analysis".

PMID- 1213219
TI  - [Current observations on the etiology and pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis].

PMID- 1213220
TI  - [Behavior of lymphocyte transformation test in exacerbation and remissions of
      endogenous eczema (dermatitis atopica)].

PMID- 1213221
TI  - [Studies on the autoimmunization process in chronic recurrent eczema].

PMID- 1213222
TI  - [Importance of monocytes in the diagnosis and therapy of allergic dermatitis].

PMID- 1213223
TI  - [Morphological and biochemical studies of the ejaculate in patients with chronic
      prostatitis].

PMID- 1213224
TI  - Therapeutic value and side effects of retinoic (Vitamin A acid) acid on human
      patients and animal experimental investigations on rats.

PMID- 1213225
TI  - [Treatment of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta with methotrexate].

PMID- 1213226
TI  - [Bases and diagnostic importance of electromyography in dermatology].

PMID- 1213227
TI  - [Acanthosis nigricans. II. Benign acanthosis nigricans].

PMID- 1213228
TI  - [Influence of the lipid sampling method for the proof of paraffins in the skin
      surface lipids].

PMID- 1213229
TI  - [Occurrence of Pityrosporum ovale in the human ear (author's transl)].

PMID- 1213230
TI  - [W-shaped napkin rash in infants (author's transl)].
AB  - The W-shaped napkin rash affects mainly the convex parts of the perianal region
      of infants, avoiding the fold and perianal cleft. The dermatitis is of traumatic
      origin due to the friction of paper napkins. It heals under antiseptic treatment
      on condition that the use of paper napkins and rubber pants, which cause
      occlusion is stopped temporarily.

PMID- 1213231
TI  - [Acroangiodermatitis and acral hyperstomia (author's transl)].
AB  - Acroangiodermatitis is a special form of the 'angiodermite' of Favre and Chaix in
      patients presenting with chronic venous insufficiency localized on the dorsal
      areas of the feet and toes. Different stages including exulceration may occur.
      60% of our male and 38% of our female patients with postthrombotic syndrome
      showed signs of acroangiodermatitis. Developmental arteriovenous malformations in
      the feet (acral hyperstomia, Malan's syndrome; 1 patient) which may present
      similar clinical and histological pictures are rare and should be differentiated
      from acroangiodermatitis because their prognosis is more severe, necessitating
      amputation in some instances. The determination of shunt volume by means of
      radioactive-labelled macroalbumin or microspheres helps to differentiate these
      two conditions. Because both conditions may present similarities with Kaposi
      sarcoma, the term 'pseudo-Kaposi' was chosen by some authors. One factor of
      pathogenetic importance for the terminal vascular changes underlying both
      conditions is the insufficiency of the calf muscle pump resulting in an elevated
      capillary pressure (anatomical insufficiency in acroangiodermatitis, functional
      insufficiency in acral hyperstomia).

PMID- 1213232
TI  - Skin porphyrin and photosensitivity in the porphyric rat.
AB  - Skin porphyrin assays and photobiological studies in normal and porphyric rats
      suggest that in the latter, skin photosensitivity to 400 nm radiation is
      associated with raised uroporphyrin and 7-carboxylic porphyrin in the skin.

PMID- 1213233
TI  - Ultrastructural response of epidermis to actinomycin D.
AB  - The response of the epidermis to the effects of actinomycin D was analyzed at
      ultrastructural level. Important cellular alterations were found at 40 h post
      infectionem. The degree of nucleolar segregation varied depending on the
      epidermal layer assayed. Analogies and departures between the present findings
      and previous investigations, on a similar model with X-ray irradiation, are
      discussed.

PMID- 1213235
TI  - [Advantage of testicular biopsy in confirmation of male sterility].

PMID- 1213234
TI  - Investigations for skin antibodies in malignant neoplasms.
AB  - A group of 451 patients with various malignant neoplasms was investigated for the
      presence of antibodies against the intercellular substance in epidermis and
      against the basement membrane in the skin, using the immunofluorescence method.
      None of the patients had bullous disease. Circulating basement membrane
      antibodies were found in a 63-year-old man with lung cancer. None of the patients
      had antibodies against the intercellular substance. No in vivo bound
      intercellular or basement membrane antibodies were found.

PMID- 1213236
TI  - Breast feeding and maternal and child health.

PMID- 1213237
TI  - A new technique for outpatient female sterilization.

PMID- 1213238
TI  - [Relation between electric resistance and concentration of semen of rams and
      cocks].

PMID- 1213239
TI  - [XY gonadal dysgenesis with female phenotype (author's transpl)].
AB  - In this paper, we are dealing with the study of a case of multiple somatic
      malformations, with external female genitals and 46 XY caryotype. The anatomical
      and histological study of the genital organs, allows us to verify the existence
      of internal genital organs; consisting essentially in tubes, bicornous uterus, a
      gonadal ligament in a normotopical position, Wolffian remains and the absence of
      a vagina. The external female genitals are completely normal. When we interpreted
      these findings, we paid special attention to the relation existing between the
      abnormal presence of the Wolffian remains, male genotype, and typical female
      genital structures. Taking account of the latest scientific advances concerning
      genital development, we considered the possibility of the existence of secretions
      of a "masculinizing" substance from the gonad, before its morphological
      differentiation, which was interrupted by an etiological undetermined noxa. When
      this evolution was arrested, together with the secretions of the masculinizing
      substance, the genital development continued normally for a female. The terminal
      teratogenic period for this malformation is situated from the 5th to the 6th week
      of gestation (human embryos from 11 to 14 mm., Streeter Horizon XVII).

PMID- 1213240
TI  - [Therapeutic activity of Physioquens in the treatment of certain gynecological
      conditions (author's transl)].
AB  - The new hormonal preparation Physioquens was administered during the study to 181
      women during 1.634 cycles  and has proved to be very effective in the treatment
      of various gynaecological disturbances. A definitive reduction has been observed
      in premenstrual and pre and postmenopausal complaints, dysmenorrhoea,
      amenorrhoea, intermenstrual pain and endometriosis. Physiquens is also a perfect
      regulatory device of the cycle in the case of menorrhagia, metrorrhagia and
      irregular menstrual cycles connected with a hormonal insufficiency. The
      normophasic treatment with Physioquens is made up of the cyclical administration
      of a tablet of 0.050 mg ethinyloestradiol for the first 7 days, followed by a
      tablet of 1 mg lynestrenol and 0.050 mg ethinyloestradiol for the next 15 days.
      Because of its effectiveness and good tolerance both clinically and biologically
      Physioquens can be considered an important new step in the treatment of
      gynaecological problems.

PMID- 1213241
TI  - [Variation of the sialic acid-protein ratio in the human cervical mucus (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Serial determinations of total protein and sialic acid concentrations were
      carried out in individual cervical mucus samples of normal women, throughout the
      menstrual cycle as well as under the influence of estrogen and progestagen
      steroids. Total protein was titrated by a modified micro-biuret method and sialic
      acid was determined using the "Direct Ehrlich" method. Both parameters diminished
      gradually during the follicular phase of the cycle with lowest values around the
      time of ovulation, and showed a strong increase during the luteal phase.
      Administration of ethinylestradiol yielded values significantly lower than those
      of normal ovulatory phase and under d-Nosgestrel treatment the values were
      significantly higher than in normal luteal phase. However the proportion of
      sialic acid as related to total protein showed an inverse behavior, i.e.
      increased under estrogenic and decreased under progestogenic influence. The
      cyclic and hormone-induced variations of this ratio were more specific than those
      of both separate components. Thus, estrogens produce an increase of the sialic
      acid containing fraction of cervical mucus proteins, while progestagens have an
      opposite effect. The role of these actions in reproductive physiology is
      discussed.

PMID- 1213242
TI  - Main results of recent Hungarian family planning studies.
AB  - The Hungarian Central Statistical Office has carried out five different sample
      surveys in the last fifteen years for investigating more closely questions of
      fertility, family planning and birth control. The study summarizes the main
      findings. Some of these surveys applied retrospective methods to investigate
      fertility, family planning and birth control bahaviour of females in the past.
      Surveys of another type tried to reveal in perspective manner, with longitudinal
      observation of the couples, changes which took place in family planning and birth
      control ideas and practice. The main purpose of recent population policy measures
      was to ensure simple reproduction of the population. As a result of the measures
      taken in 1974 to increase the number of births the birth-rate went up
      significantly. This increase (30% as compared to 1973) appeared primarily for the
      second birth which constitutes 62% of the increment in births in 1974, 31% is
      accounted for by an 11% increase in the first births. The number of third births
      rose by 13% and their relative share remained 10%. The number of fourthand
      further births did not increase and their relative share decreased by 1%.
      Fertility data of 1974 show that the birth-rate increase was not in line with the
      intended aim, i.e. it was not the number of third births that increased. The net
      reproduction coefficient showing long-range growth of the population calculated
      with birth-rate of 1974, has developed favourably, it was over unity for the
      first time since 1958 (it was about 1.05). The birth-rate increased in 1974 in
      every age-group of females. The largest increase (19%) occurred for females 25-34
      years old. Though it was 16% also for females under 24. According to a sample
      survey investigating the number of intended children by married females under 35
      it did not increase as compared to data of previous surveys of similiar
      character. The differences is that the proportion of those who wished to have two
      children increased, while of those who wished to have one or three and more
      children decreased. The study deals also with changes in the relative shares of
      intended children by females under 35 who are now to be married. In the
      concluding part of the study the femeles' attitude to birth control and changes
      in this field are discussed.

PMID- 1213244
TI  - Total water content in different areas of the human term placenta.
AB  - The authors study the total water content in two different areas (parabasal and
      subchorial), in 40 normal, full-term placentas. The water content is found to be
      different in these two areas. As an average, it is 0.90% higher in the parabasal
      area. This difference persists even after washing off the fetal placental blood
      by perfusion with saline. The difference in the total water content between both
      areas, which is added to other differences previously demonstrated, must be
      related to a different functional role of the placental areas.

PMID- 1213243
TI  - [Two hundred and sixty eigth medicinal plants used to fertility control in some
      countries of South America (author's transl)].
AB  - A review is made of the various anthropological, botanical and empirical medical
      papers from a number of the countries of the South-American continent, whose
      populations use medical plants for fertility control. Also included is a field
      research conducted among indigenous and rural populations of Paraguay. The
      scientific name, family and common name 268 plants are described. With each
      plant, the country and type of population (indigenous or rural) using same is
      stated, as well as their empiric properties attributed to same  and the name of
      the author. Comments are made upon the background related to the use of said
      plants at the level of the American indigenous, world folkloric and Paraguayan
      indigenous & folkloric medicine. Emphasis is given to the significance of these
      data on contraceptives, abortives, sterilization and fertilization agents of
      vegetal origin, due to their value for future research in the physiology and
      clinic  of reproduction.

PMID- 1213246
TI  - [(An algorithm for determining values of parameters of the Gompertz growth
      function)].
AB  - In the literature some attempts were made to analyse and to construct models for
      biological growth processes and to describe the quantitative aspects of a growth
      characteristic's changes in time using the Gompertz' function y=aexp(-exp(b-
      ct)). In this paper differential equations are derived having the Gompertz'
      function as solution. The goodness of fit after adjusting a chosen analytical
      expression to the courses of measured values is able to give hints at the
      reliability of that expression as a true model. This possibility of verification
      was hardly practiced in past because of lacking in proper numerical procedures
      for performing the nonlinear regression. An ALGOL program for iterative adjusting
      the parameters of the GOMPERTZ' function (with or without a constant term) to
      measured values is given in an appendix of the present paper. Starting values for
      the nonlinear parameters b and c will be evaluated by Internal Least Squares
      using one of the derived differential equations. For this algorithm an ALGOL
      program is given in the appendix too. The growth of human embryo serves as an
      example to demonstrate the numerical procedures and related programs for
      evaluating the starting values of the parameters and for their iterative
      improvement until reaching a minimum for the remainding variance between
      calculated and measured courses.

PMID- 1213245
TI  - [Treatment of diminished sexual response associated with the use of oral
      contraceptives (author's transl)].
AB  - Loss of libido associated with the use of oral contraceptives has been studied in
      113 women of reproductive age who had taken a combined pill for periods ranging
      from 1 to 3 years. The patients were divided in four groups. In the first group
      (I) of 24 women oral contraceptive treatment was discontinued and all women
      received in intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD). The second group (II) of
      36 patients, the brand of oral contraceptive was changed. Women in group (III)
      had their oral contraceptive maintained receiving in addition a mixture of an
      androgen and an estrogen (methyltestosterone 4 mg and ethynilestradiol 0.002 mg)
      daily. To women of group (IV) the oral contraceptive was discontinued but the
      androgen-estrogen mixture was given. All women in this group received an IUCD.
      Evaluation of the psyco-sexual parameters included changes in libido, time to
      reach an orgasm, duration and intensity or orgasms. Frequency of intercourse and
      response to autostimulation was also investigated. Libido was restored in 94.2%
      of patients in group II, in 97.3% of group III and in 92.8% of group IV. In group
      I only 55.6% of patients had libido fully restored. In view of the prompt
      restoration of libido in all groups except in patients discontinuing oral
      contraceptive therapy, it is suggested that loss of libido in oral contraceptive
      users has an important physological component which can be overcome probably by
      psychotherapy. Short term treatment with a mixture of methyltestosterone and
      ethynilestradiol seems to be highly effective in restoring libido in all
      patients.

PMID- 1213247
TI  - Stability and oscillations in coupled systems.
AB  - In this paper are given criteria for stability and oscillations in coupled
      systems. The criteria are calculated by the determination of eigenvalues of a
      coupling matrix of an input-output relation which can be described by a set of
      differential equations of 1st order.

PMID- 1213248
TI  - Morphological, micromorphological and histochemical studies on the parotid
      salivary glands of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius).
AB  - The morphology, blood and nerve supply of the parotid salivary glands of the one
      humped camel were studied in detail. The intraglandular portion of the duct
      system was also examined. The histological and histochemical studies showed that
      the parotid salivary glands of the camel are of the tubuloacinar type and are
      serumocoid in nature. The secretory acini and tubules show themselves in 3
      different forms according to the different phases of their secretory cycle. The
      duct system of the gland contains goblet cells between its lining epithelium. The
      intercalated ducts show ampullation followed by narrowing that help in mixing the
      secretion. Intraepithelial glands are found in the terminal part of the parotid
      duct.

PMID- 1213249
TI  - [The subcutaneous vascular system (lower extremity): studies on micro
      preparations].
AB  - At the level of fascial penetration the cutaneous arteries of the lower extremity
      are constantly accompanied by 1 or 2 communicating veins of varying diameter.
      Usually, they penetrate the fascia in rows via the muscular interstitium. There
      they give up branches to the fascial vascular network, to pre- and subfascial
      areolar tissue and possibly to the muscle origins on the fascia, or to the
      intermuscular septa. The texture of the fascia itself determines the structure of
      fascial openings for the cutaneous vessels. In the subcutaneous tissue the
      arteries are accompanied by 1 or 2 veins (Vv. comitantes). Numerous arterio
      arterial and intervenous anastomoses form a subcutaneous network of vascular
      bundles. Two anastomosing venous systems can be distinguished in the subcutis:
      The small Vv. comitantes are fed primarily by the subcutaneous adipose lobes, and
      end in communicating veins or flow into the subcutaneous veins (epifascial
      veins). These large subcutaneous veins on the other hand are responsible for the
      actual outflow from the venous network of the cutis. They form the saphenous
      system or empty into larger communicating veins. Between the subcutaneous
      arterioles and accompanying venules there are numerous capillary webs. In
      addition direct capillaries and looped as well as meandering or knotted arterio
      venous shunts are found. The subcutaneous vascular bundles are fixed by a
      connective tissue. There are often typical capillary meshes within arterial
      sheat, oriented like a rope-ladder. They undergo prenatal development. The
      subcutaneous (epifascial) veins are surrounded by areolar tissue on the cutaneous
      as well as on the fascial side. Fibers from the accompanying connective tissue
      criss-cross into the adventitia and thereby anchor the veins in a movable
      fashion. Typical vascular patches with plane capillary networks characterize the
      areolar tissue around the subcutaneous veins, which is differentiating at the 2nd
      half of the fetal period. Within are also capillary loops and convoluted arterio
      venous shunts.

PMID- 1213250
TI  - Studies on the extent of gill surface in a fresh water cat-fish Bagarius bagarius
      (Ham.).
AB  - The total gill area of the fish ranges from 37,537 to 56,551 lamellae. The number
      of lamellae per mm of the gill filament and area of lamellae knowing the
      respiratory gill area, the gill area per g of body weight and per cm3 of body
      volume were calculated to correlate the variation in gill surface area per unit
      weight and volume of the fish. The fish can survive for quite long out of water
      as the lamallae are spaced wide apart and do not adhere together.

PMID- 1213251
TI  - [Demonstration of leucine aminopeptidase in the peritoneal epithelium of early
      post-larval stages of Anguilla anguilla L.)].
AB  - The coelom of elvers (Anguilla anguilla L.), eel0, is contenting glycoproteids,
      but these are not improvable in following stages of development. In peritoneal
      epithelium of eel0 activity of leucinamino-peptidase is present, but absent in
      the stage 2a. We can suppose that glycoproteids vanish by enzymatic catabolism
      and resorption within the peritoneal epithelium.

PMID- 1213252
TI  - [Morphologic studies on the effect of acrylnitrile in subchronic intoxication
      experiments in the white rat].
AB  - 100 female and male white rats were treated with acrylnitrile using 4 various
      dosages. It was our practice to give orally acrylnitrile in physiological sodium
      chloride solution by probang, and the treatment was continued for 69 days from
      Monday to Friday in the week. After the treatment with acrylnitrile from the 70th
      day the animals were killed in intervals. Blood of orbital venous plexus was
      analysed by electrophoresis for determination of serum proteins, and organs were
      investigated histologically. It has been shown that of all organs the greatest
      alterations have been found in livers, kidneys and lungs. Taking by surprise our
      studies indicated that the application of 1/16 LD50 acrylnitrile dosage cause
      greater morphological damages in liver than those applications of higher
      concentrations in other groups.

PMID- 1213253
TI  - DNA synthesis and some morphometric changes in the liver during different
      regiments of nutrition.
AB  - Male albino rats were fed for 20 and 140 d on full value (standard pellet), or
      defective diet (60% of the quantity given to the previous groups). Besides, half
      of the animals were left to swim daily up to 70 min. Histoautoradiographic and
      morphometric results point to changes in nuclear classes, the percentage of
      marked mitoses, the DNA content of the nuclei and the number of binuclear
      hepatocytes. It is assumed that the physical loading serves as starting mechanism
      and stimulator to the proliferative activity of the cells; that the defective
      diet leads to a decrease of the cell nuclei; that the quantity of the enlarged
      nuclei varies according to the stage of DNA synthesis etc. In general, the data
      revealed, point to the trend of the regenerative processes occuring in the liver
      of rats on defective diet and physical strain.

PMID- 1213254
TI  - [The value od needle biopsy for the microscopic diagnosis of diseases of the
      breast (author's transl)].
AB  - The accuracy of needle biopsies with the disposable biopsy needle TRU-cut was
      compared to the results of the microscopic examinations of excisional biopsies
      obtained after the needle biopsy in 276 patients. The diagnostic accuracy in
      relationship to the diameter of the lesion is listed for 140 patients with
      carcinoma of the breast, for 72 patients with benign tumors of the breast and for
      64 patients with well localized palpable fibrocystic disease. In our experience,
      the following pre-requistes are necessary to obtain a high diagnostic accuracy
      for the needle biopsy: 1. A well filled circumscribed, well palpable nodule of
      uniform consistency. 2. A superficial site close to the skin. 3. A diameter of
      more than 2 cm. 4. Some experience with the use of the instrument. Needle
      biopsies of the breast are indicated for skin metastases, recurrences in the
      scar, and for in-operably advanced tumor or patients who should not have general
      anaesthesia. Needle biopsy as the biopsy method for a primary plan of management
      is only relatively indicated in large carcinomas of the breast, or smaller tumors
      located close to the skin, or tumors which are well accessable in a small breast.
      The needle biopsy is not suited for the diagnosis of benign tumors of the breast,
      fibroadenomas, lipomas, or papillomas since complete excision of these lesions is
      the aim of management. In fibrocystic disease, needle biopsy is not indicated.
      This clinical or radiological localized finding may correlate to variable
      microscopic entities with different plans of management. The very small portion
      of the process shown in the needle biopsy is insufficient in fibrocystic disease.
      An absolute contra-indication to needle biopsy of the breast is the diagnosis of
      obscure disease on the breast.

PMID- 1213255
TI  - [Surface scraping and curettage of the cervix - an alternative procedure to
      conization in patients with positive cytology (author's transl)].
AB  - 421 patients with positive cytological cervical smears had fractioned surface
      scraping and curettage of the cervix. The clinical results equaled those of cone
      biopsy series: in 68,6% the histological diagnosis was exactly the same before
      and after treatment; in 17,5% there were minimal but clinically unimportant
      changes in histological assessment; in 10,6% the lesion had been completely
      removed by scraping and curettage. Thus 407 patients (96,7%) were treated in the
      same way as if the definitive histological diagnosis would have been known in
      advance. Only in 5 patients (1,25%) the first step was inadequate retrospectively
      and further treatment was necessary. Regarding the comparable clinical results
      the essentially poorer risks and costs favour the surface scraping and
      endocervical curettage against cone biopsy.

PMID- 1213257
TI  - [The present practice of tubal ligation in West German university departments of
      obstetrics and gynaecology (author's transl)].
AB  - Within a few years the attitudes of the general public and the majority of the
      physicians to tubal ligation have undergone radical change. The present
      indications, incidence and policies of tubal ligation in 21 west german
      University Departments were explored by questionnaire. A survey on the incidence
      of tubal ligation in large departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology was obtained
      prior to the enactment of new laws and regulations. The reported figures show a
      steep rise in the incidence of tubal ligation from 1970 to 1974. This fact is
      partially due to a very liberal interpretation of medical indications and partly
      due to the acceptance of tubal ligation as permanent contraception under certain
      individual and family conditions. The results of the enquiry are interpreted as
      the present practice of regulations which are legally still in the planning
      stage. In spite of the liberalization of the indications for tubal ligation,
      problems such as individual psychological difficulties associated with female
      sterilization cannot be minimized. Therefore the majority of the departments
      demand an intensive explanatory session and detailed informed consent for female
      sterilization.

PMID- 1213256
TI  - [Uterine myoma in geriatric surgical cases (author's transl)].
AB  - The following is a report on 189 cases involving surgical treatment of uterine
      myoma in women who were at least 60 years old. The cases were collected from 18
      gynecological departments in West-Berlin over a 10-year period (1960-1969).  66
      of these patients (38,1%) have never been pregnant, 17 (9,8%) had only abortions,
      while 90 (52,1%) had given birth to one or more children. In only 89 women
      (47,0%) the pre-operative diagnosis had been uterine myoma. The number of correct
      diagnosis prior to surgery decreased with increasing age of the patients. 47
      patients had been completely asymptomatic; an additional 20 had shown no
      gynecological symptoms. Total hysterectomy including removal of the tubes and
      ovaries, which we consider the preferential method of treatment, was done in 105
      cases (55,5%). Other surgical procedures were performed in 84 instances (44,5%).
      8 registered deaths equal a post-operative mortality rate of 4,2%. Analysis of
      our cases contradicts the hypothesis regarding postmenopausal involution of
      uterine myoma. Removal of the uterus for myoma should not be considered a typical
      geriatric gynecological operation. In many instances it could have been performed
      at an earlier date; in some cases it even could have been avoided if all
      diagnostic procedures presently available had been utilized.

PMID- 1213258
TI  - [The treatment of thrombosis in pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - The treatment of thrombophlebitis in pregnancy with streptokinase is reviewed.
      Four personal cases are reported. In 3 cases the streptokinase treatment of
      thrombosis was carried out in the first trimester of pregnancy. Two pregnancies
      ended in spontaneous term deliveries of well infants without malformations. In
      one case the pregnancy ended by a spontaneous abortion two weeks following the
      treatment of the thrombosis. It is suggested that the abortion was much more
      likely due to a severe state of shock with pulmonary embolism following
      laparotomy in early pregnancy. The authors are of the opinion that the
      thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase should also be carried out in the first
      trimester of pregnancy to prevent embolization of thrombotic material and to
      prevent a post-thrombotic syndrome. In each case, streptokinase treatment should
      be followed up with subcutaneous prophylactic treatment with Heparin until term
      to prevent recurrent thrombophlebitis in pregnancy. With the onset of labour
      Heparin medication should be interrupted and the thrombin time should be normal
      with the beginning of the second stage of labour or the Heparin effect should be
      neutralized by protamine chloride. At the earliest six hours postpartum, the
      subcutaneous Heparin prophylaxis can be resumed in order to prevent recurrent
      thrombo-embolism during the postpartum stay.

PMID- 1213259
TI  - [Experimental investigation of the effects of estriol on menopausal symptoms
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The mechanical writing scales are micromotor method of investigation of
      psychomotor discoordination capable of producing objective records of menopausal
      symptoms. With this method, the therapeutic effect of estriol on the menopausal
      symptoms can be recorded. Changes in the micromotor symptoms such as reduction in
      the time of writing, a decrease in the unphysiologically high writing pressure
      and a decrease of in inhibition and relaxation symptoms show clearly that estriol
      enhances a co-ordination of the motor processes of writing. The positive effects
      of estriol on the psychomotor co-ordination are demonstrated in the improvement
      of the menopausal symptoms and the improvement of the vaginal cytology. Uterine
      bleeding is absent since estriol has a low endometriopic action.

PMID- 1213260
TI  - [About the choice of extraction instrument for vaginal operative termination in
      vertex presentation (author's transl)].
AB  - The common separation of indications at the First University Clinic for
      Obstetrics and Gynecology in Vienna concerning the choice of extraction
      instrument in cases of operative termination of vaginal delivery out of vertex
      position is being demonstrated. When there is only a slight increase of
      resistance in the delivery mechanism, when the child is mature, when there is no
      attitude of deflexion, and where there is no real reason for a speedy termination
      of delivery, the vacuum extractor comes into use. In cases of child emergency, of
      considerable increase of delivery mechanism resistance, of immaturity and
      attitude of deflexion, an extraction by means of obstetrical forceps is
      performed. Out of 547 deliveries terminated by means of extraction the sub- and
      postpartal mortality amounted to 2,19%. The number of prematures (7,5%) in this
      material did not differ from the total delivery material of the clinic. After
      forceps extraction 5 out of 419 children (2,8%) died. After vacuum extraction one
      child out of 105 (0,95%) died. In 23 cases where obstetrical forceps had to be
      used after vacuum extraction 2 children died (8,7%). The morbidity of the
      children was measured by means of the Apgar Score and of the injury frequency.
      Here the two extraction methods showed no significant differencies. The combined
      application of both extraction instruments however, showed an increase of
      morbidity. Injuries of the mother were almost exclusively found after forceps
      extraction.

PMID- 1213261
TI  - [Female constitution and tolerance of pills (author's transl)].
AB  - In a retrospective study on 526 patients in a family-planning clinic the
      significance of physical constitution type and pill-tolerance was examined. If
      only one type of pill was administered statistically significant differences in
      the tolerance were not evident. When several types of pills were tried because of
      undesirable side-effects of a single pill a significantly higher tolerance of
      pills with a balanced hormone-composition could be demonstrated. The latter kind
      of pills was better tolerated by students than by salaried employees. This could
      be explained by an increased readiness for family-planning among undergraduate
      students. A correlation between physical constitution and pill tolerance could
      not be found in this statistical analysis and the widespread use of this
      criterion is questioned by the authors.

PMID- 1213262
TI  - [Legal bases of surgical sterilization of men and women in the German Federal
      Republic].

PMID- 1213263
TI  - [Is there any pharmacological method available to control male fertility?
      (Author's transl)].
AB  - The article summarizes the current status of pharmacological control of male
      fertility in animals and in the human. Apart from the nonsteroidal therapy with
      antispermatogenic agents the steroidal therapy with sex hormones is discussed.
      This is completed by an outview towards future methods of an antienzymatic and an
      immunological male contraception. At present the method of choice for control of
      male fertility is still coitus condomatus or vasectomy.

PMID- 1213264
TI  - [Estimation of soluble fibrin monomer complexes for evaluation of
      hypercoagulability during pregnancy and delivery (author's transl)].
AB  - The quantitative estimation of soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) was
      applied to evaluate the state of hypercoagulability during pregnancy and
      delivery. Blood samples from 67 healthy primi and multiparae, 6 to 40 weeks
      pregnant, and from a group of 8 women in labour and after delivery of the
      placenta were examined. Fibrinogen and SFMC were precipitated from plasma by
      precipitation with beta-alanine. Gel filtration (4% agarose) of the redissolved
      precipitate resulted in a separation of SFMC and fibrinogen. This enabled a
      quantitative estimation of the SFMC concentration (with-in assay precision:
      coefficient of variation=8%). The % amount SFMC of the total fibrinogen content
      increased from 2.6 +/- 0.4 to 4.9 +/- 1.3% (mean and standard deviation) to week
      40 of pregnancy. During delivery an additional statistically significant increase
      occurred. Chain analysis of SFMC showed a decreased amount of alpha-chain
      indicating plasmin activity. gamma-gamma-dimers as residuals of intermolecular
      covalent bonding were not observed. The quantitative estimation of SFMC during
      pregnancy and delivery demonstrates that a state of hypercoagulability during
      gestation can be evaluated by measuring the catabolic products of fibrinogen.
      This may lead to a differentiation from severe intravascular coagulation and to
      an early diagnosis of thromboembolic disease or consumption coagulopathy.

PMID- 1213265
TI  - [Stripping of the membranes for induction of labour (author's transl)].
AB  - Stripping of the membranes for induction of labour is "harmless to mother and
      infant in contra-distinction to the induction of labour by artifical rupture of
      the membranes. Our results show that stripping of the membranes has no influence
      on labour and delivery, on the rate of operative deliveries and on the duration
      of the third stage of labour. There is no appreciable increase in puerperal
      morbidity. The Apgar Score remains unchanged. The success rate of stripping of
      the membranes defined as delivery within 48 hours after stripping of the
      membranes is related to the state of ripening of the uterine cervix and to the
      ease with which the membranes can be stripped. These factors should be considered
      for the indication of stripping of the membranes. The success rate can then be
      increased. Our overall success rate of induction of labour by stripping of the
      membranes was 60.8%. The success rate of stripping of the membranes in
      multiparous women is slightly but not significantly better than in primparous
      women. The age of the patient has no influence on the success rate.

PMID- 1213267
TI  - [Technic of pneumoperitoneum application for pelviscopy].

PMID- 1213266
TI  - [Effects of Methotrexat on the chromosomes of a human fetus in vivo (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A pregnant woman in the 17th week of gestation with Hodgkin's disease was treated
      with 50 mg Methotrexate i.v. on the 3 days preceeding therapeutic abortion.
      Cytogenetic studies on blood, brain, skin and lung of the fetus were performed.
      Slight structural aberrations such as gaps, chromatid breaks and accentric
      fragments were found in an average of 8,5% of the counted metaphases. The
      following drastic structural chromosome aberrations were found in 24,8% of all
      observed metaphases: 1) mitoses with stretched chromosomes, comparable with
      special segments (9,9%). 2) clumping of chromosomes in varying degrees (5,4%). 3)
      combinations of 1) and 2) (0,4%). 4) nuclear fragments (7,4%). 5) pulverized
      chromosomes (1,7%). Endoreduplications were found in 2%. The modal number was 46
      with a rate of 50,1%, hypodiploids 46,3%, hyperdiploids and polyploids 3,6%.
      Karyotype: 46, XX.

PMID- 1213268
TI  - [Report on the 79th session of the Nordwestdeutsche Gesellschaft fur Gynakologie,
      May 17-19, 1974 in Timmendorfer Strand].

PMID- 1213269
TI  - The role of attribution and self-perception in behavior change: implications for
      behavior therapy.
AB  - In this report extrapolations were made to behavior therapy from two related
      lines of social-psychological research: attribution and self-perception. A review
      of the relevant research literature on attribution suggested that (a) the
      perception and causal attribution of physiological arousal is an important
      determinant of emotional behavior and (b) self-attribution of behavior change
      increases the likelihood of maintenance of that change. A review of research
      concerned with Bem's self-perception theory indicated that inferences arising
      from self-observation of one's own overt behaviors may affect subsequent
      behavior, attitudes, and beliefs. These two lines of research converge in
      suggesting that an individual's perception of himself (in terms of overt
      behavior, situational circumstances, and physiological states) may have a marked
      influence on behavior change and the maintenance of that change. In the major
      body of this paper the implications of this research are discussed, particularly
      in terms of new procedures and specific modifications for existing procedures in
      behavior therapy. The major areas of behavior therapy discussed include: (a)
      behavioral assessment; (b) role playing (behavior rehearsal); (c) operant
      procedures; and (d) self-control strategies. Emphasis was placed upon treating
      the specific implications delineated as hypotheses requiring empirical
      investigation in the clinical arena. Strategies for such research were outlined.

PMID- 1213271
TI  - Perceptions of aging parents in the context of disengagement theory.
AB  - Cumming and Henry's disengagement theory of aging was investigated by instructing
      89 sons and daughters of parents in four aged groups to describe their parents in
      middle and old age. Various personality and social measures were used including
      bipolar adjective checklists, depression, optimism, and control scales. The
      results indicated that at least two factors, institutionalization and activity
      level, exert an effect on the perceived changes in aged parents. Two groups, one
      institutionalized and the other noninstitutionalized but without formal
      activities, were described as being disengaged: e.g., withdrawn socially, self
      absorbed, as well as powerless, pessimistic, and depressed. The other two groups
      who were noninstitutionalized and involved in outer-world recreational and
      vocational activities were not seen as disengaged in any way in old age. The
      personality variable internal-external control of reinforcement may serve as an
      antecedent to withdrawal behaviors in the aged.

PMID- 1213270
TI  - A theoretical and empirical approach to the study of development.
AB  - Developmental psychology, in spite of its dynamic growth, has not, thus far,
      generated a general theory of human development. Present developmental theories
      are either cognitive or ontogenetic, or both. All are descriptive. Their powers
      of explanation are limited. None of them include emotional development. It is
      argued that a theory of development in order to claim generality must (a) include
      emotional development, and (b) offer means of explaining, rather than only
      describing, developmental transformations. A nonontogenetic theory of
      development, called theory of positive disintegration, appears to fulfill these
      conditions. It is built on Jacksonian principles of evolution of levels of
      functioning. The central concept of the theory is that of multilevelness of
      developmental phenomena. Development is seen to be a function of the level of
      behavioral organization. The theory defines five levels. Each level constitutes a
      distinct structure. The dynamic elements of the structure of each level are
      identified. Positive disintegration is the name for the process by which the
      structure of a higher level replaces the structure of a lower one. The theory
      explains different developmental patterns by introducing the concept of
      developmental potential (DP). Although DP is a purely logical notion, it is given
      observable dimensions designated as dimensions of mental functioning. There are
      five of these and they correspond to psychomotor, sensual, imaginational,
      intellectual, and emotional modes of functioning. The first half of the monograph
      is devoted to the conceptual structure of the theory. The second half to
      empirical tests of the theory. Three such tests were made on data generated from
      an atomistic analysis of autobiographies. The first test consisted of the
      comparison of developmental cross-sections obtained from different sources of
      data (subjects) with the overall pattern of five levels of development. The
      different cross-sections overlap with each other and with different segments of
      the total theoretical pattern. Superimposed on each other they reconstitute the
      total pattern. The second test consisted of a comparison between computed and
      clinically derived values for DP for each subject in the study. The third test
      was a comparison of DP values obtained from early and late parts of an
      autobiography. An empirical equation for DP was used in the second and the third
      test. Parameters represented in the equation appear sufficient to account for
      individual differences in patterns and levels of development.

PMID- 1213272
TI  - Population differentiation under the charge state model.
AB  - The extent of divergence between partially isolated sub-populations for
      electrophoretically detectable alleles was formulated assuming the island model
      of migration and the charge state model of mutation. At equilibrium the ratio of
      the variance of charge between the means of k different islands to the average
      within-island variance of charge was shown to be approximately 4Nemk2/(k-1)2
      where Ne is the effective size of each island population and m is the migration
      rate. This ratio was calculated from published data for eight polymorphic loci in
      six island populations of Drosophila willistoni. Under the assumption that all
      variants are selectively neutral, migration rates of greater than 10 adults per
      generation per island are required to explain the observed similarity of the
      allelic profiles in D. willistoni. Since the islands studied appear to be
      virtually completely isolated it was concluded either that the observed protein
      variants are adaptive and maintained in populations by some form of balancing
      selection or that the observed variants themselves are neutral but natural
      selection acts to restrict the appearance of more extreme variants in the charge
      carried.

PMID- 1213273
TI  - Sex determination in bees. IV. Genetic control of juvenile hormone production in
      Melipona quadrifasciata (Apidae).
AB  - Cell number and volume of corpora allata was determined for 8 phases of
      development, the first prepupal stage to adults 30 days old, in the social Apidae
      Melipona quadrifasciata. In the second prepupal stage a strong correlation was
      found between cell number and body weight (r = 0.651), and cell number and
      corpora allata volume in prepupal stage (r = 0.535), which indicates that
      juvenile hormone has a definite role in caste determination in Melipona. The
      distribution of the volume of corpus allatum suggest a 3:1 segregation between
      bees with high volume of corpora allata against low and medium volume. This
      implies that genes kappa a and kappa b code for an enzyme that directly
      participates in juvenile hormone production. It was also concluded that the
      number of cells in the second prepupal stage is more important than the weight of
      the prepupa for caste determination. A scheme summarizing the genic control of
      sex and caste determination in Melipona bees in the prepupal phase is given.

PMID- 1213274
TI  - Genetic change and rates of cladogenesis.
AB  - Models are introduced which predict ratios of mean levels of genetic divergence
      in species-rich versus species-poor phylads under two competing assumptions: (1)
      genetic differentiation is a function of time, unrelated to the number of
      cladogenetic events and (2) genetic differentiation is proportional to the number
      of speciation events in the group. The models are simple, general, and
      biologically real, but not precise. They lead to qualitatively distinct
      predictions about levels of genetic divergence depending upon the relationship
      between rates of speciation and amount of genetic change. When genetic distance
      between species is a function of time, mean genetic distances in speciose and
      depauperate phylads of equal evolutionary age are very similar. On the contrary,
      when genetic distance is a function of the number of speciations in the history
      of a phylad, the ratio of mean genetic distances separating species in speciose
      versus depauperate phylads is greater than one, and increases rapidly as the
      frequency of speciations in one group relative to the other increases. The models
      may be tested with data from natural populations to assess (1) possible
      correlations between rates of anagenesis and cladogenesis and (2) the amount of
      genetic differentiation accompanying the speciation process. The data collected
      in electrophoretic surveys and other kinds of studies can be used to test the
      predictions of the models. For this purpose genetic distances need to be measured
      in speciose and depauperate phylads of equal evolutionary age. The limited
      information presently available agrees better with the model predicting that
      genetic change is primarily a function of time, and is not correlated with rates
      of speciation. Further testing of the models is, however, required before firm
      conclusions can be drawn.

PMID- 1213275
TI  - Gene frequency distributions as a test of selective neutrality.
AB  - The analysis of differences between loci in the variance of gene frequency over
      populations within a species has been suggested as a method of detecting natural
      selection. It is shown that, in the absence of selection, the expected variation
      over loci depends strongly on the pattern of relationships between populations.
      The effect of structure within a species is always to increase the variation and
      therefore to reduce the power of the method.

PMID- 1213276
TI  - Gene flow and selection in a two-locus system.
AB  - A model of gene flow and selection in two linked loci is analyzed. The problems
      considered are the effects of linkage on the clines in frequencies at the two
      loci and the role of gene flow in producing linkage disequilibrium between the
      loci. Also, the possible significance of linkage as a mechanism for permitting a
      population of "track" spatial changes in the environment is considered. The
      results are that when the recombination fraction between the loci is of the same
      order of magnitude as the selection coefficients or smaller, then linkage is
      important in determining the gene frequencies and a substantial amount of linkage
      disequilibrium is present in the cline. Depending on the spatial pattern of
      selection on the two loci, linkage can either decrease or increase a population's
      response to local selection.

PMID- 1213286
TI  - [Phenotypic characteristics of temperature-sensitive mutants of bacteriophage T4
      in gene 19].
AB  - The order of three thermosensitive mutations in gene 19 is determined and
      compared with the character of defective structures observed in an electrone
      microscope study of the lysates obtained in non-permissive and semi-permissive
      conditions. The degree of defectiveness of core polymerization increases if the
      mutation is located near the beginning of the gene. In one the combinations among
      these mutants the interallelic complementation is found. The mechanism of
      complementation is discussed on the basis of the electrone microscopic pattern.
      The polymerization of core protein in vivo starts from the base plate.

PMID- 1213287
TI  - [Chromosome aberrations in premature infant lymphocytes].
AB  - A cytogenetic investigation of a group of prematurely born babies was carried out
      during the first months of their life (at ages of 0 days, 5-7 days, 2-4 weeks),
      as well as of a group of infants born in proper time and having a normal weight.
      As it was shown by the analysis of chromosome aberrations, frequencies of
      aberrant cells in babies at ages of 0 days, 5-7 days, 2-4 weeks and in those that
      have endured some bacterial or viral infection were 1,96% (0.22 aberrations per
      cell), 3,38% (0,037 aberrations per cell), 4,92% (0,053 aberrations per cell) and
      6,73% respectively. The role of infection of drugs in the increase of the
      frequency of aberrant cells is also indicated by the investigation of babies born
      in proper time and having normal weight, that have endured an acute respiratory
      disease. In this group of children the frequency of aberrant cells was 5,3%.
      However, it is impossible to assess the role of each of these factors separately,
      since their effect on the organism of prematurely born babies is simultaneous
      from the very moment of birth.

PMID- 1213288
TI  - [Cytogenetic analysis of the effect of cosmic flight factors on man].
AB  - The results of cytogenetic investigation of 14 crewmembers of "Soyuz" spacecrafts
      before and after 7 spaceflights are represented. No cytogenetic changes were
      noted at the investigated crewmembers on the first postflight day as compared to
      the preflight data. Possible causes of differences between the author's data and
      the data of foreign investigators on cytogenetic investigation of American
      crewmembers are discussed in the article.

PMID- 1213289
TI  - [Role of various factors in determination of mono- and dizygotic twinning in
      man].
AB  - The multifactorial correlative analysis of the effect of certain factors
      influencing the appearance of either DZ or MZ twins in 259 families with known
      twins in them was carried out. It is shown that the probability of MZ twins birth
      in a family increases with mother's height growing, relations between parents
      getting worse and also in families where mother does physical work, while a
      probability of DZ twins birth depends on mother using contraceptives, increases
      in families with better nutrition and with father's age growing.

PMID- 1213290
TI  - [Classification of the ceruloplasmin locus in cattle].
AB  - The object of this study was the polymorphism of the ceruplasmin locus in
      different separate herds of cattle of the Pinzgan and the Red Polish breeds. The
      investigations carried out corroborated the hypothesis of the triallelic nature
      of this locus, which expands our knowledge and possibilities in this direction.
      The frequency of the alleles A, B and C in Red Polish cattle (n = 333) was 0,725;
      0,026 and 0,249 respectively, being 0,920; 0,009 and 0,071 in the Pinzgan cattle
      (n = 369). An assumption is made about the greater value of proteins of a
      relatively high electrophoretic mobility as compared to those of a relatively low
      electrophoretic mobility.

PMID- 1213291
TI  - [Genetic control of lactate dehydrogenase gene A expression in sheep
      erythrocytes].
AB  - Polymorphism for the phenotypical expression of gene for LDH subunit A was
      demonstrated in sheep erythrocytes by means of starch gel electrophoresis. Three
      types of LDH were established differing in the relative activities of the second
      and third LDH isozymes. Familial analysis has shown that high level of LDH-2 and
      LDH-3 activities are determined by the autosomal gene Ldr-1a and low level of
      their activities is controlled by gene Ldr-1b. The frequencies of gene Ldr-1a in
      Altai thin-fleece, Romney Marsh and Linkoln breeds were 0,533; 0,509 and 0,425
      respectively. Gene frequencies were also determined in crossbreeds. Possible
      mechanisms of the action of genes Ldr-1a and Ldr-1b in sheep erythrocytes are
      discussed.

PMID- 1213292
TI  - [Cytogenetic effect of mitomycin C and cytosine arabinoside on mice of different
      genotypes].
AB  - Cytogenetic effect of mitomycin C (MC) and cytosine arabinoside (CA) on bone
      marrow cells of male mice of the strains 101/HY, C57BL/6Y C,3H/SnY and of the
      (C3HX101) F1 hybrids was studied. The frequencies of cells with chromosome
      aberrations after the treatment with MC at a 5 mg/kg dose were 54,4%; 41,8%;
      40,4% and 26,8% in 101H, B6, C3H/Sn mice and in the F1 hybrids (C3HX101)
      respectively. The frequencies of cells with chromosome aberrations after the
      treatment with CA at a 500 mg/kg dose were 25,2%; 17,8%; 10,8% and the 101/H, B6,
      C3H/Sn mice and in the F1 hybrids (C3HX101) respectively. Both mutagens induced
      the greatest number of chromosome aberrations in the 101/H strain and the
      smallest number in the F1 hybrid (C3HX101). A positive correlation was
      established between the levels of induced and spontaneous chromosome lesions.

PMID- 1213293
TI  - [Association of telomeric regions of salivary gland chromosomes in Drosophila
      species of the virilis group].
AB  - The frequency of participating salivary gland chromosomes in telomeric
      associations and specific combinations of associated chromosomes were studied in
      the following species belonging to "virilis" group of Drosophila: D. virilis, D.
      texana, D. littoralis Sokolov and D. imeretensis Sokolov. In all species studied
      predominantly telomeres of two chromosomes form an association. In females of the
      species mentioned the X-chromosome takes part in association twice as frequent as
      in males. The total length of the chromosome and the presence of subterminal
      inversions may sometimes influence the frequency of participating the chromosome
      in associations. However, the data obtained enable to postulate that internal
      homology of telomeric regions plays the main role in the process. The equal
      frequency of participating in telomeric associations for definite chromosomes in
      species studied may resemble the phylogenetic relation of the species.

PMID- 1213294
TI  - [Autonomy of association frequencies of telomeric regions in salivary gland
      chromosomes during interspecific hybridization].
AB  - The study of association frequency and combination of salivary gland chromosomes
      participating in telomeric associations in interspecific hybrids between related
      species of "virilis" group of Drosophila (D. virilis, D. texana and D.
      imeretensis Sokolov) enables to conclude that each homologous chromosome behaves
      as an individual unit in the process. Besides, it is shown that the frequency of
      association of an autonomous property of telomere, i. e. it is not changed in
      interspecific hybrids in comparison with parental species.

PMID- 1213295
TI  - [Role of cytosine photohydrates in the UV-induced mutagenesis of phage Sd].
AB  - Substitution of H2O for D2O does not affect the rate of UV-inactivation of the
      extracellular phage Sd, containing double-stranded DNA. However, the yield of
      plaque-mutants induced by UV-irradiation in D2O is significantly lower, that in
      H2O. This difference is mostly pronounced at doses greater than 100 erg/mm2.
      Since the substitution of H2O for D2O selectively decelerate photohydration of
      pyrimidines (only cytosines in DNA), one could conclude that the formation of
      cytosine photohydrates in DNA accounts for significant part of UV-induced
      mutations but it is not an essential reason for UV-inactivation of extracellular
      phage Sd.

PMID- 1213296
TI  - [Hygienic investigations of air exchange in hospitals].

PMID- 1213297
TI  - [Complex action of phosphoorganic pesticides].

PMID- 1213298
TI  - [Study of the joint action of phenol and formaldehyde in combination with the
      rise of the air temperature (+30 degrees)].

PMID- 1213299
TI  - [Hygienic assessment of the labour of water transport seamen].

PMID- 1213300
TI  - [The dust factor in the production of new types of glass fibers].

PMID- 1213301
TI  - [The effect of noise on the energy balance].

PMID- 1213302
TI  - [Important problems of the atmosphere hygiene].

PMID- 1213304
TI  - [Physiological substantiation of the optimal regimen of man adaptation to low
      temperatures].

PMID- 1213303
TI  - [The effect of noise of changing levels on workers of different qualifications].

PMID- 1213305
TI  - [Experimental data for elaboration of a rational regimen of labour and rest of
      persons working with a high frequency mechanized instrument].

PMID- 1213306
TI  - [The state of health of school children with initial stages of obesity].

PMID- 1213307
TI  - [Certain physiometric indices among school children of excessive weight].

PMID- 1213309
TI  - [Social-hygienic aspects of the gynaecologic morbidity rate].

PMID- 1213308
TI  - [The state of health and the working capacity of school undergraduates with poor
      and good progress].

PMID- 1213310
TI  - [Experience in centralized collection, processing and analysis of sanitary
      hygienic information].

PMID- 1213311
TI  - [Study of sanitary problems connected with the change of the river flow].

PMID- 1213312
TI  - [Use of histochemical method of investigating the cardiac muscle simultaneously
      with data of electrocardiography in hygienic standardization].

PMID- 1213313
TI  - [Cytospectrophotometric determination of the content of RNA and Shick-positive
      substances in the lung macrophages in case of action of copper-nickel dust].

PMID- 1213314
TI  - [A simplified method of determining ozone and nitrogen dioxide in their joint
      presence in the air].

PMID- 1213315
TI  - [The choice of strains in investigations for hygienic standardization of the
      bacterial composition of drinking water].

PMID- 1213316
TI  - [An experimental substantiation of the maximum permissible concentration of
      dimide in water bodies].

PMID- 1213317
TI  - [A synthesizing hypothesis on the acceleration of the development of man].

PMID- 1213318
TI  - [The problem of prognostication of the safety of use of polymeric building
      materials by means of hygienic standardization].

PMID- 1213319
TI  - [Criteria for sorting substances for the purpose of hygienic regimentation].

PMID- 1213320
TI  - [Biological action of nitrates in the drinking water].

PMID- 1213321
TI  - [The effect of the thermal waters from a hydro-electric power station on the
      conditions of water use by the population].

PMID- 1213322
TI  - [Anticaries action due to periodic use of fluorine treated water of different
      chemical composition].

PMID- 1213323
TI  - [The toxicologic features of the general mutagenic action of TMTD in its entry
      with water into the body of an animal].

PMID- 1213324
TI  - [An investigation of the effect of certain technological parameters in the making
      of polyethylene-cellophane films on their sanitary hygienic properties].

PMID- 1213325
TI  - [The seasonal and the daily changes of oxygen consumption and body temperature
      among adolescents in the course of studies and adaptation to new climatic
      conditions].

PMID- 1213326
TI  - [The survival of certain microorganisms in ordinary water and melted snow].

PMID- 1213327
TI  - [The effectiveness of decontamination of effluents at the Shostinsky 50th
      anniversary of the USSR chemical plant].

PMID- 1213328
TI  - [The problem of studying the antigenic structure of water Vibrio].

PMID- 1213329
TI  - [Concentration of viruses on certain natural and artificial sorbents].

PMID- 1213331
TI  - [The hygienic features of the work of a tram driver].

PMID- 1213330
TI  - [The effect of electromagnetic fields on blood clotting].

PMID- 1213332
TI  - [The toxicity of Soviet-made ANTIO pesticides].

PMID- 1213333
TI  - [The effect of DDT on the antigenic properties of nucleoproteides of the liver of
      animals and their offspring].

PMID- 1213334
TI  - [The connection between the number of Staphylococci and the accumulation of
      enterotoxin type A in milk].

PMID- 1213335
TI  - [The lighting in a school].

PMID- 1213336
TI  - [The dynamics of the contents of certain organic toxic substances in plants after
      their irrigation with effluents from coke-chemical plants].

PMID- 1213337
TI  - [The hygienic problems of the environment protection in connection with further
      development of Siberia and the Far East].

PMID- 1213338
TI  - [The health education among workers of the national economy of the USSR under
      conditions of scientific-technical revolution].

PMID- 1213339
TI  - [The hygienic problems of prognosing the quality of water resources].

PMID- 1213340
TI  - [Hygienic standardization of the content in water of monisobutylamine and
      diisobutylamine in their conbined action].

PMID- 1213341
TI  - [Hygienic substantiation of the maximum permissible concentration of tin
      tributylmetacrylate in water bodies].

PMID- 1213342
TI  - [Data for hygienic standarization of chloroprenic latexes].

PMID- 1213343
TI  - [The levels of radiation of the inhabitants of Vyborg due to natural gamma
      background of the territory and the buildings].

PMID- 1213344
TI  - [Health officer's deontology].

PMID- 1213345
TI  - [Organization of sanitary-epidemiologic service under the direction of the First
      People's Commissar of the Public Health of the RSFSR (1918-1930)].

PMID- 1213346
TI  - [The culonometric method of determining the nitrogen-containing compounds in the
      air].

PMID- 1213347
TI  - [Spectrophotometric determination of hydrinden in the air].

PMID- 1213348
TI  - [Spectrophotometric determination of isoprene and neozone-D in the water].

PMID- 1213349
TI  - [Determination of diphenylguanidine in biologic media].

PMID- 1213351
TI  - [Study of excretion of beta-aminoisobutyric acid in urine].

PMID- 1213350
TI  - [A method of determining Cs137 in the milk wighout its ashing].

PMID- 1213353
TI  - [The method of quantitative assessment of hepatocytes and stomach wall lining
      cells in hygienic standardization of certain substances].

PMID- 1213352
TI  - [Comparative determination of indices of blood cholinesterases activity of the
      colorimetric and Melangeur methods].

PMID- 1213354
TI  - [Hygienic problems in prognosis of changes in the quality of ground waters in
      case of their enrichment with surface waters].

PMID- 1213355
TI  - [The hygiene of environment in the developed capitalistic countries].

PMID- 1213356
TI  - [Fluorine in drinking water in East Slovakia].

PMID- 1213357
TI  - [The exclusion of the periodic component in analysis of results of determination
      of the concentration of radioactive aerosols].

PMID- 1213358
TI  - [The possibility of setting a permissible level of benz(a)pyrene in the soil].

PMID- 1213359
TI  - [Prognosis of skin-resorbtive properties of new chemical substances].

PMID- 1213360
TI  - [The sanitary bacteriological assessment of the means of decontamination of
      sewage in an installation of small sewerage].

PMID- 1213361
TI  - [Certain results of laboratory control for prevention of DDT and hexachlorane
      acculumation in food products].

PMID- 1213362
TI  - [The study of environment contamination with benz(a)pyrene in a large city].

PMID- 1213363
TI  - [The effect of polyvinylchloride on water microorganisms].

PMID- 1213364
TI  - [The maximum permissible concentration of lead in water bodies].

PMID- 1213365
TI  - [Hygienic investigation of alcoholic woodchemical and synthetic acetic acid].

PMID- 1213366
TI  - [The problems of significance of nitrates of drinking water].

PMID- 1213367
TI  - [Habituation to butyl alcohol].

PMID- 1213368
TI  - [Sanitary-hygienic aspects of the use of new means of control of filtration in
      water bodies].

PMID- 1213369
TI  - [The effect of certain factors on the progress of students].

PMID- 1213370
TI  - [The number of microorganisms on the articles of care, cutting equipment and
      slaughter premises].

PMID- 1213371
TI  - [An air hydroionizer of a hitfoam type].

PMID- 1213372
TI  - [The decontamination of the drinking water under field conditions. From
      experiences in World War II].

PMID- 1213373
TI  - [Hygienic standardization of octylic stabilizors PVC in water bodies].

PMID- 1213374
TI  - [The action of permanent industrial noise on the population].

PMID- 1213375
TI  - [The dynamics of the working capacity and physiological indices of senior course
      students during a semester].

PMID- 1213376
TI  - [Hygienic substantiation of the rationalization and planning of a teaching
      process].

PMID- 1213377
TI  - [A study of the dispersity of Pu-239 particles in contact contamination of the
      skin].

PMID- 1213378
TI  - [The longevity of Caucasians].

PMID- 1213379
TI  - [Social-economic problems of hygiene of the environment].

PMID- 1213380
TI  - [The problem of the methods of determining the quality of the actual diet of
      children and adolescents].

PMID- 1213381
TI  - [Determination of germanium hydride in the air].

PMID- 1213382
TI  - [A method of determining the complete biological O2 demand of sewage with the use
      of various inhibitors of nitrification].

PMID- 1213383
TI  - [An installation for life monitoring of radium-D content in the human body].

PMID- 1213384
TI  - [The atmospheric pollution in the GFR and means of its control].

PMID- 1213385
TI  - [Certain aspects of the activities of the World Health Organization in the field
      of air protection].

PMID- 1213386
TI  - [Use of a questionnaire method for studying the state of state of health of the
      population].

PMID- 1213388
TI  - [A method of determining the daily average maximum permissible concentration of
      tricreosol in the atmosphere].

PMID- 1213387
TI  - [Meteorological factors in the atmospheric pollution in Sofia].

PMID- 1213389
TI  - [The assessment of the toxicity of volatile products in burning of polymers].

PMID- 1213390
TI  - [Protection of the environment on the basis of rationalization of the technology
      of treatment of chemical products of coke chemical plants].

PMID- 1213391
TI  - [The effectiveness of the work of a factory during installations for sewage
      decontamination].

PMID- 1213392
TI  - [Cotton-cleaning plants as sources of atmospheric pollution].

PMID- 1213393
TI  - [The organization of work in protection of surface waters in Ryazan Region].

PMID- 1213394
TI  - [The bactericidal treatment of recirculation water in a ventilation-moistening
      chamber].

PMID- 1213395
TI  - [An experimental study of the possible sensitizing properties of triethanolamine
      contained in chemical compounds used at home].

PMID- 1213396
TI  - [Experimental data on gonadotoxic action of nemagon].

PMID- 1213397
TI  - [The differential assessment of the thermal state of man and of the heat
      protecting properties of clothing].

PMID- 1213398
TI  - [The verification of prognosis of dynamics of pesticides in the plant products].

PMID- 1213399
TI  - [Energy consumption of the main occupations of students' building detachments and
      their compliance with the diet caloricity].

PMID- 1213400
TI  - [The level of irradiation of the personnel at an x-ray center of a modern
      hospital complex].

PMID- 1213401
TI  - [The neuro-emotional strain of drivers at the time of car driving].

PMID- 1213402
TI  - [The effect of antioxidants polyolefins on the induction of tumours by
      benz(a)pyrene].

PMID- 1213403
TI  - [Hygienic substantiation of the means of construction and standardization of
      underwear for adolescent girls].

PMID- 1213404
TI  - [Metabolism of radioactive Cr51 in the body of rats].

PMID- 1213405
TI  - [Optimization of the scope of control of radioactive contamination in industrial
      premises].

PMID- 1213406
TI  - [Scientific-technical revolution and protection of the environment
      (methodological aspects)].

PMID- 1213407
TI  - [The problems of creating an automatized monitoring system of direction of the
      sanitary-epidemiologic service of the Republic].

PMID- 1213408
TI  - [Use of punch cards for collection and analysis of data on sanitary-epidemiologic
      state of country settlements].

PMID- 1213409
TI  - [Occupational disease incidence in case of function overstrain in upper
      extremities].

PMID- 1213410
TI  - [The augmentation of the sensitivity of the method of determining the total
      content of primary and secondary amines in the air inhaled by man].

PMID- 1213411
TI  - [A gas chromatographic method of determining nitrotoluol isomers in the air].

PMID- 1213412
TI  - [A gas chromatographic determination of certain amides in the air].

PMID- 1213414
TI  - [A diffusion cell for the isolation of hydrogen fluoride from the sample analysed
      in the determination of fluorine in water].

PMID- 1213413
TI  - [Determination of small amounts of vinylacetate in the air, water, alcoholic
      solutions and food stuffs].

PMID- 1213415
TI  - [A method of assessing the content of natural radioactive isotopes of the uranium
      and thorium in drinking water and food].

PMID- 1213416
TI  - [The biological action of beryllium and its compounds].

PMID- 1213417
TI  - [The problems of general and municipal hygiene in the hygienic journal of the
      German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 1213418
TI  - [Certain problems of information provision in hygiene research].

PMID- 1213419
TI  - 1The reactivity of young school children.

PMID- 1213420
TI  - [The problem of choosing a method for evaluating the functioning of the liver in
      hygienic standardization].

PMID- 1213421
TI  - [A method of drawing up tables for assessing the physical development of
      children].

PMID- 1213422
TI  - [The problem of evaluating the tissue dose of quantum radiation].

PMID- 1213423
TI  - [Sanitary-hygienic assessment of the air in hot houses with an air heating
      system].

PMID- 1213424
TI  - [Substantiation of the maximum permissible concentration of niobium in water
      bodies].

PMID- 1213425
TI  - [The fielding testing of home air cleaning device BEB-1].

PMID- 1213426
TI  - [The features of the milk route spread of acute intestinal infections].

PMID- 1213427
TI  - [Hygienic training and education of pupils of general schools].

PMID- 1213428
TI  - [Experience in the use of local press for improving the sanitary education of a
      town].

PMID- 1213429
TI  - [Hygienic standardization of diethylbenzol in the water bodies].

PMID- 1213430
TI  - [The effect of the halogen group elements on the body].

PMID- 1213431
TI  - [The mechanism of the action of dichlorethane on the embryo of experimental
      animals].

PMID- 1213432
TI  - [Certain problems of normalization of the microclimate in the cabins of tractors
      and agricultural machines].

PMID- 1213433
TI  - [The state of health of the teaching staff of medical institutes (questionnaire
      data)].

PMID- 1213434
TI  - [The problem of the functional state of blood leucocytes of man in the North].

PMID- 1213435
TI  - [Behavior of pathogenic and sanitary indicator bacteria under conditions of
      reservoir pollution by organophosphate pesticides].

PMID- 1213436
TI  - [Engine exhaust gases as a possible source of air pollution of the living
      quarters on marine vessels].

PMID- 1213437
TI  - [Action of methylene chloride on the body via the inhalatory route of entry].

PMID- 1213438
TI  - [Practical training conditions and regimen for students of mining industry
      occupational and technical schools].

PMID- 1213439
TI  - [Expression of movements by young schoolchildren during the daily regimen and in
      different forms of physical education].

PMID- 1213440
TI  - [Evaluation of the action of atmospheric pollutants on the electrical activity of
      the brain].

PMID- 1213441
TI  - [Barrier function of the nasal mucosa under the action of atmospheric
      pollutants].

PMID- 1213442
TI  - [Hygienic significance of the herbicide propanide as an atmospheric pollutant
      when used on rice paddies].

PMID- 1213443
TI  - [Losses of natural UV radiation in relation to atmospheric pollution from
      industrial discharges].

PMID- 1213444
TI  - [Cadmium in the environment and its effect on calcium metabolism].

PMID- 1213446
TI  - [International Women's Year].

PMID- 1213445
TI  - [Study of the action of drinking water with a varying mineral makeup in a
      sanitary, gerontological experiment].

PMID- 1213447
TI  - [Hygienic standardization principles in the combined action of vibration and
      noise].

PMID- 1213448
TI  - [Complex action of dimethylformamide under the conditions of a long-term
      experiment].

PMID- 1213449
TI  - [Mutagenic action of different pesticides with successive uptake into the body of
      white rats].

PMID- 1213450
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of an ethylene copolymer with butylene intended for use in
      the food industry].

PMID- 1213451
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of actetate fibers with an admixture of "Stiromal'"
      copolymer and of the textiles prepared from them].

PMID- 1213452
TI  - [Effect of the weight of individual protective means (IPM) on the functional
      state of the body in physical work under differing microclimatic conditions].

PMID- 1213453
TI  - [Distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in various environmental objects].

PMID- 1213454
TI  - [Correlation of the morphofunctional changes in the central nervous system caused
      by the action of toxic substances in setting hygienic standards for them in the
      atmosphere].

PMID- 1213455
TI  - [Some organizational problems of radiation hygiene in sanitary-epidemiological
      stations].

PMID- 1213456
TI  - [Evaluation of the work of municipal and district sanitary--epidemiological
      stations in the branch of work hygiene].

PMID- 1213457
TI  - [Abstract information in the support system for hygienic research].

PMID- 1213458
TI  - [Determination of triphenylphosphate in air].

PMID- 1213460
TI  - [Comment on the article by S. D. Zaugol'nikov, M. M. Kochanov, A. O. Loit and I.
      I. Stavchanskii, "Prediction of the hazard of organic compounds in the
      environment"].

PMID- 1213461
TI  - [Apropos of the article by S. D. Zaugol'nikov, M. M. Kochanov, A. O. Loit and I.
      I. Stavchanskii, "Prediction of the hazard of organic compounds in the
      environment"].

PMID- 1213459
TI  - [Prognosis as a trend in the research of Comecon member countries in the field of
      environmental hygiene].

PMID- 1213462
TI  - [Results of studies of the ventilation discharges from electroplating shops from
      the point of view of the sanitary protection of the atmosphere].

PMID- 1213463
TI  - [Some hygienic problems in relation to the use of 2,4-D-group herbicides].

PMID- 1213464
TI  - [Study of the effect of meteorological and other factors on the degree of
      atmospheric pollution from the discharges from a series of Moscow heating and
      power plants].

PMID- 1213465
TI  - [Occupational hygiene and health status of workers in the production of
      trinitrotoluene (TNT)].

PMID- 1213466
TI  - [Issues of occupational hygiene in rolling lead-alloyed steel].

PMID- 1213467
TI  - [Changes in the nervous system following chronic exposure to fluorinated
      aliphatic carbohydrates].

PMID- 1213468
TI  - [Pulmonary emphysema in different forms of occupational dust-induced pathology of
      the lungs].

PMID- 1213469
TI  - [Pulmonary arterial pressure and some cardiohemodynamic changes in dust-induced
      bronchopulmonary pathology].

PMID- 1213470
TI  - [Sanatorium-health resort treatment of dust-induced bronchitis in workers of iron
      ore mines].

PMID- 1213471
TI  - [Hygienic characteristics of chromous electrolytically produced corundum dust].

PMID- 1213472
TI  - [Carcinogenic activity of synthetic asbestos].

PMID- 1213473
TI  - [The effect of low-polymeric polyvinylpyridine-N-oxide on the activity of some
      pulmonary tissue enzymes in rats with experimental silicosis].

PMID- 1213474
TI  - [Characterization of the general and gonadotropic action of caprolactam].

PMID- 1213475
TI  - [Complex assessment of the condition of the cardio-vascular system in workers
      engaged in the production of silicon-organic monomers].

PMID- 1213476
TI  - [Carbon disulfide action on the digestive organs in workers of the viscose
      industry and in experimental animals].

PMID- 1213477
TI  - [Allergenic properties of kanamycin].

PMID- 1213479
TI  - [Dynamic method for hygienic evaluation of the effectiveness of ventilation].

PMID- 1213478
TI  - [Data for substantiation of maximum permissible concentration of diisopropyl
      ether in the working zone air].

PMID- 1213480
TI  - [The state of the blood system in workers occupationally handling toluene].

PMID- 1213481
TI  - [Photometric determinatin of iodine acetone in the air of industrial premises].

PMID- 1213482
TI  - [Scientific and technical progress and working women in socialism].

PMID- 1213483
TI  - [Physiological substantiation of health measures and evaluation of their
      effectiveness for female workers of sedentary occupations].

PMID- 1213484
TI  - [The effect of vibration on the blood supply to the small pelvis at different
      periods of the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 1213485
TI  - [Menstrual and child-bearing functions of female workers occupationally exposed
      to the effects of formaldehyde].

PMID- 1213486
TI  - [The effect of low styrene concentrations on the specific functions of the female
      organism].

PMID- 1213488
TI  - [Blood serum immunoglobulin content in patients with toxic hepatitis].

PMID- 1213487
TI  - [The effect of phthalate plasticizers on the generative function].

PMID- 1213489
TI  - [Dimethylformamide excretion in urine depending upon the levels and duration of
      its action].

PMID- 1213490
TI  - [Experience with improving working conditions in manufacturing diamond-set
      drilling tools].

PMID- 1213491
TI  - [Pneumoconiosis in electric welders].

PMID- 1213492
TI  - [Ozone formation in handling xenon lamps].

PMID- 1213494
TI  - [Data substantiating the maximum permissible concentration of formic acid in the
      air of the production area].

PMID- 1213493
TI  - [On the toxicology of benzol-sulphamide].

PMID- 1213495
TI  - [Some enzymological and immunological shifts following prolonged occupational
      exposure to the effects of alpha-methylstyrene and divinyl].

PMID- 1213496
TI  - [3 cases of glyfluorine poisoning].

PMID- 1213497
TI  - [Determination of nitrochlorobenzene isomers in the air of work rooms by using
      gas chromatography].

PMID- 1213498
TI  - [Safety factor at various stages marking the progress of safe levels of exposure
      to the effects of occupational poisons].

PMID- 1213499
TI  - [Urgent problems concerned with the occupational hygiene of women].

PMID- 1213501
TI  - [Physiological and hygienic evaluation of the effect of vibration on dump truck
      drivers in ore mining].

PMID- 1213500
TI  - ["SAN" psychological test applicable to studies in the field of work physiology].

PMID- 1213502
TI  - [Blood changes in decompression sickness after forced decompression].

PMID- 1213503
TI  - [Use of intraportal infusion therapy in acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning in
      animals].

PMID- 1213504
TI  - [Effectiveness of using aminoalkylphosphonic acids to remove uranium from the
      body].

PMID- 1213505
TI  - [Various methodological procedures in studying fatigue].

PMID- 1213506
TI  - [Determination of allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, epichlorohydrin and
      dichlorohydrin in air].

PMID- 1213507
TI  - [Comparative efficiency of an acute-angled deflector designed by the All-Union
      Institute of Work Protection of the All-Union Central Trade Union Council used to
      ventilate forge shops].

PMID- 1213508
TI  - [Sanitary and hygienic working conditions in assembling and installing parts in
      instrument manufacture].

PMID- 1213509
TI  - [Mastocytes of the thyroid gland in blinded rats].

PMID- 1213510
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of working conditions in the control of the production
      laboratories in organic chemical industry].

PMID- 1213511
TI  - [Comparative determination of Echin-antibodies by means of crossed
      electrophoresis and complement fixation].

PMID- 1213512
TI  - [Treatment and prevention of convulsion syndrome in infancy and childhood].

PMID- 1213513
TI  - Tonsillectomy and serum immunoglobulin concentration.

PMID- 1213514
TI  - [Effect of I-131 fibrinogen on blood coagulation and volume loss due to liver
      damage in the rats undergoing irradiation].

PMID- 1213515
TI  - [Comparative study of the epidemiology of cholera and sensitivity to antibiotics
      of strains collected during the epidemiological period in 1971 and 1972 in Wilaya
      de Constantine].

PMID- 1213516
TI  - [Clinical aspects of diabetic neuropathies].

PMID- 1213517
TI  - [Congenital nanism in idiopathic pituitary insufficiency].

PMID- 1213518
TI  - [Regression of lung carcinoma metastsis caused by use of endoxan].

PMID- 1213519
TI  - [Evaluation of the intrauterine state of the fetus by ultrasonics].

PMID- 1213520
TI  - A comparaison of two different tuberkulins in newborns vaccinated with reduced
      dosage of BCG vaccine.

PMID- 1213521
TI  - [Role of catechol-o-methyltransferase on the termination of noradrenaline
      activity in the rabbit's isolated aortic strip].

PMID- 1213522
TI  - [Conservative treatment of amblyopia by excentric fixation].

PMID- 1213523
TI  - [Pleoptic orthoptic treatment of functional amblyopia].

PMID- 1213525
TI  - [Peroral anticoagulant therapy].

PMID- 1213524
TI  - [Treatment of peripheral nerve interruptions by means of plasma coagulum].

PMID- 1213527
TI  - [Correlation of radiologic, gastroscopic and histological diagnosis of the
      gastric mucosal pattern].

PMID- 1213526
TI  - [Mental development in the child with primary hypothyroidism during treatment
      with thyroid hormones].

PMID- 1213528
TI  - [Treatment of leukosarcomatosis in the children. Experiences in 18 cases?].

PMID- 1213529
TI  - [Surgical corrections and plastic problems in dysrhaphic abnormalities of the
      skull].

PMID- 1213530
TI  - [Orbital injury during frontobasal communicative cranial injury].

PMID- 1213531
TI  - [Disproportion of the clinical and immunological state of the patient during
      immunobiologic maturation].

PMID- 1213532
TI  - [Enamel and dental dysplasia].

PMID- 1213533
TI  - [Radiological possibilities in differentiation].

PMID- 1213534
TI  - [Radiophotography in the detection of lung carcinoma].

PMID- 1213535
TI  - [Nature of vitamin K deficiency in the infant age].

PMID- 1213536
TI  - [Carcinoma tracheae (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 1213537
TI  - [Hemophilia in infancy].

PMID- 1213538
TI  - [Neurosurgical contribution to the current treatment of craniosynostoses based on
      38 operated patients].

PMID- 1213539
TI  - ["Subjective syndrome" in patients with craniocerebral injuries].

PMID- 1213540
TI  - [Clinical aspects and etiopathogenesis of hemorrhagic disease in the infant age].

PMID- 1213541
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation in infancy].

PMID- 1213542
TI  - [Our experiences in the endoscopic diagnosis of liver diseases].

PMID- 1213543
TI  - The presence of immunologically reactive insulin in milk of women, during the
      first week of lactation and its relation to changes in plasma insulin
      concentration.

PMID- 1213544
TI  - [Our experiences in the radiological diagnosis of precancerous conditions of the
      colon].

PMID- 1213545
TI  - [Basal tumor of the brain and endocranial surgery in the phase of incarceration].

PMID- 1213546
TI  - [Advantage of the osteoplastic bifrontal approach in the surgical treatment of
      some tumors in the fronto-ethmoid area].

PMID- 1213547
TI  - [Hiatal hernia syndrome].

PMID- 1213548
TI  - [Dislocatio dentis].

PMID- 1213549
TI  - [Chronic gastritis - nosological entity or a diagnostic finding].

PMID- 1213550
TI  - [Traumatic subdural hygroma].

PMID- 1213552
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of tumors of the epipharynx].

PMID- 1213553
TI  - [Colision gemellarum].

PMID- 1213551
TI  - [Maturation of the humoral immunity in the child, immunoglobulin levels and
      presence of specific antidiphteric, antitetanic and antipertussic antibodies].

PMID- 1213554
TI  - [Coma depasse and the role of surgical treatment].

PMID- 1213555
TI  - [Our observations during a course of staphylococcal meningitis].

PMID- 1213556
TI  - [Incidence and some characteristics of moniliasis in the vulva and vagina in our
      records].

PMID- 1213557
TI  - [Somatotropin in hypothyroidism in children].

PMID- 1213558
TI  - Oculo-auriculo-vertebral syndrome (Goldenhar) in one year old infant.

PMID- 1213559
TI  - [Radioisotopic methods for screening in pediatric nephrology].

PMID- 1213561
TI  - [Experiences with percutaneous renal biopsy by "Tru-Cut" needle with diascopy and
      TV monitoring].

PMID- 1213560
TI  - [Relation of fibrin degradation products on I-131 - fibrinogen in the circulation
      of rats irradiated by 600 R].

PMID- 1213562
TI  - [Our experiences in determination of the serum cholinesterase activity in workers
      occupationally exposed to organophosphate insecticides].

PMID- 1213563
TI  - The psychiatrist and public welfare agencies.

PMID- 1213564
TI  - [Central hemodynamics and myocardial contractility in 12-hour experimental
      occlusion of the terminal segment of the aorta].

PMID- 1213565
TI  - [Tracheal stenosis caused by isolated lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1213566
TI  - [Complication of self-bougienage of the esophagus].

PMID- 1213567
TI  - [Angiofollicular hyperplasia of intrathoracic lymph nodes].

PMID- 1213569
TI  - [Correction of defects of the interatrial septum].

PMID- 1213568
TI  - [Characteristics of the course of acute cardiac insufficiency in patients with
      post-commissural mitral regurgitation].

PMID- 1213570
TI  - [Diagnosis and selection of patients with interatrial septal defect for surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 1213571
TI  - [Characteristics of changes of water-electrolyte balance in patients of the 1st
      few years of life operated on under conditions of artificial circulation].

PMID- 1213572
TI  - [Clinical use of artificial circulation without donor blood].

PMID- 1213573
TI  - [Anesthesia requirement and surgical technic in aortic coarctation].

PMID- 1213574
TI  - [Remote results of pneumonectomy in case of affected remaining lung].

PMID- 1213575
TI  - [Remote results of treatment of pulmonary-pleural complications of acute
      pneumonia in children].

PMID- 1213576
TI  - [Restoration of working capacity after lung rescection in patients with
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1213578
TI  - [Functional and morphological changes in the liver in chronic suppurative
      diseases of the lungs and pleura].

PMID- 1213577
TI  - [Water metabolism in suppurative diseases of the lungs and pleura].

PMID- 1213579
TI  - [Effect of mediastinal hernias of the lung on the function of external
      respiration after pneumonectomy].

PMID- 1213580
TI  - [Clinico-morphological characteristics of bronchial state in patients with
      chronic pneumonia according to biopsy data].

PMID- 1213581
TI  - [Nature of preoperative functional disorders in the systems of external
      respiration and circulation in patients with bronchiectasis].

PMID- 1213582
TI  - [Spirography and bronchospirography during artificial ventilation of the lungs].

PMID- 1213583
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of external respiratory function after reconstructive
      plastic surgery and routine resections in lung cancer].

PMID- 1213585
TI  - [Width parameters of the tracheal and bronchial lumen].

PMID- 1213584
TI  - [Pulmonary hemorrhage caused by broncholithiasis].

PMID- 1213586
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of reflux esophagitis of an operated on and artificial
      esophagus].

PMID- 1213587
TI  - [Sternotomy in operations on the thymus (method prevention and treatment of wound
      infection)].

PMID- 1213588
TI  - [Systolic-diastolic murmur in the heart projection, caused by arteriovenous
      fistula of the internal thoracic artery and pulmonary vessels].

PMID- 1213589
TI  - [Combined rupture of the diaphragm and the lung in closed thoracic injury].

PMID- 1213590
TI  - Effect of castration, estrogen, and timed progestins on induced endometrial
      carcinoma in the rabbit.

PMID- 1213591
TI  - Control of arterial hemorrhage using percutaneous arterial catheter techniques in
      patients with gynecologic malignancies.

PMID- 1213592
TI  - Evaluation of abnormal vaginal bleeding with the Gravlee jet Washer.

PMID- 1213593
TI  - Carcinoma of the ovary: the adjunctive use of irradiation A preliminary report.

PMID- 1213594
TI  - Solid ovarian teratoma with peritoneal and abdominal wall implants, progressive
      in vivo maturation, and probable cure.

PMID- 1213595
TI  - Cytology, colposcopy, and directed biopsy: what are the limitations?

PMID- 1213596
TI  - Psychosocial adjustment to pelvic exenteration.

PMID- 1213597
TI  - Increasing incidence of endometrial carcinoma in Japan.

PMID- 1213598
TI  - Lymphoma of the ovary: a case report and a review of the literature.

PMID- 1213599
TI  - Pretreatment lymphangiography in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 1213600
TI  - Hormonal steroids: effects on the vascular system.
AB  - An increase in the incidence of thromboembolic disorders has been associated with
      oral contraceptive use, though the causative mechanisms remain unclear. Our
      studies indicate that the contraceptive steroids, irrespective of the
      intermediary metabolic processes involved, cause changes in the surface charge
      characteristics of the blood vessel wall and blood cells in the following cases:
      (i) in experiments using dogs, the hormonal steroids result in a greater
      reduction in the pore surface charge of veins than in arteries; (ii) in rats, the
      current induced mesenteric occlusion times are significantly lowered following
      administration of combined contraceptives steroids; (iii) in humans, the
      electrophoretic mobilities of erythrocytes and platelets from women taking Ovral
      and Demulen are lower than in controls, and (iv) there is no significant
      alteration of plasma coagulation times of women who are on injectable progestin
      therapy. Demulen and Ovral appear to result in a slight decrease in activated
      partial thromboplastin times compared to controls.

PMID- 1213601
TI  - Experimental production of aneuploidy in mouse oocytes.
AB  - The normal course of meiosis can be interrupted in cultured mouse oocytes by
      exposre to low temperature (23 degrees C). Re-transfer of the oocytes to a 37
      degrees C environment will permit the meiotic process to resume and progress as
      usual to second metaphase. However, a significant number of oocytes treated in
      this manner prove to contain abnormal numbers of chromosomes.

PMID- 1213602
TI  - Serum unconjugated estriol in the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for serum unconjugated estriol in the menstrual cycle with a
      sensitivity of about 5 pg/ml is described. 8 cycles were studied. In 2 cycles,
      single spikes of 22 and 30 pg/ml were obtained. In 3 cycles, concentrations of 4
      5 pg/ml were found whereas in the other 3 studies, no estriol was detected. In
      general, peaks of estriol corresponded to peaks in estradiol plus estrone.
      Patients in 4-12 weeks of gestation were also studied. Concentrations as high as
      262 pg/ml were found but in isolated instances, no estriol was detected. The
      results support the view that in contrast to the pregnant state, in the normal
      menstrual cycle, the bulk of the estriol produced is conjugated before release
      into the blood.

PMID- 1213603
TI  - [Osteoid-osteoma of the hand skeleton].
AB  - According to the literature it seems that osteoid-osteoma is quite often seen in
      the skeleton of the hand. Three cases (os scaphoideum, os hamatum, metacarpus
      III) are described. The clinical diagnosis may be difficult. Priority is given to
      the symptomatology which may lead to the diagnosis in spite of difficulty in
      radiological evaluation.

PMID- 1213604
TI  - [Contusion of the ulnar nerve with fibro-lipomatous hypertrophy. A case report].
AB  - The autor describes a case of compression syndrom of the ulnar nerve at the elbow
      after a blow-injury. At the operation the nerve presented a considerable fibro
      lipomatous intraneural hypertrophy with extention over almost the whole length of
      the extremity. Furthermore, a similar case of the deep branch of the radial nerve
      is mentioned, presenting the same pathological condition. Till now, only cases
      affecting the median nerve, have been described in the world literature.

PMID- 1213605
TI  - [Variations of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel].
AB  - In over 250 operative procedures in 135 cases the median nerve was subjected to a
      close study in the carpal tunnel. In 13 cases modifications of its regular
      branching were found. These variations have been described together with those
      reported in the literature. A double motor branch (6 cases) and a high division
      of the median nerve (4 cases) were the most common. In very few cases an
      accessory motor branch was found to leave the nerve proximal to the carpal
      tunnel.

PMID- 1213606
TI  - [Clinical significance of the styloid bone].
AB  - This article deals with the clinical importance of the os styloideum carpi, and
      the differential diagnosis and therapy of painful styloid boss. Emphasis is laid
      on the importance of further studies, especially in pathomechanics.

PMID- 1213607
TI  - [Experience with the AO smallest-fragment set in fractures of the phalanges].
AB  - When treated conservatively, fractures of the proximal and middle phalanges
      require long immobilization with results usually being poor. Operative treatment
      with K-wires has also been found not to be entirely satisfactory. Therefore small
      screws and plates (AO) were developed for internal fixation and used in 31
      phalangeal fractures. The technique and instruments used are described.
      Functional results appeared to be superior with this method reported here.

PMID- 1213609
TI  - Hippocampal seizure and secondary epileptogenesis in the "kindled" cat
      preparations.
AB  - The behavioral, electrographic and transference characteristics were investigated
      in hippocampal kindled cats. All animals developed generalized convulsions
      following daily hippocampal stimulation (mean 51.8 days). A distinct sequence of
      behavioral events was observed prior to the seizure and classified into six
      stages. Motor seizure manifestations appeared along with the emergence of an
      entirely independent after-discharge and interictal discharge in the bilateral
      globus pallidus (GP) and amygdala (AM). Secondary site convulsions were triggered
      with initial stimulation in the GP, contralateral dorsal hippocampus and in most
      AM sites. This finding suggests that after the primary site was kindled, these
      previously unstimulated secondary structures attained a response potency equal to
      that of the primary site. Furthermore, the "all-or nothing" response was
      confirmed both in the primary and secondary site convulsions.

PMID- 1213608
TI  - Studies on thyroid therapy and thyroid function in depressive patients.
AB  - A number of cases of depressed patients have latent hypothyroidism, possibly due
      to hypothalamo-pituitary dysfunction, and become refractory to antidepressant
      drugs. The dramatic effect or thyroid medication combined with tricyclic
      antidepressants is often observed in such persistently depressed patients. This
      effect seems to pertain to the catecholamine hypothesis of depression, but this
      requires further elucidation.

PMID- 1213610
TI  - Chronic meningoencephalomyelitis with spastic spinal paralysis: a case report.
AB  - A case of chronic meningoencephalomyelitis in a 48-year-old housewife is
      presented. The onset was characterized by spastic paralysis of the lower
      extremities. The course was progressive with repeated remissions and
      exacerbations, and the patient died approximately seven years after the onset of
      disease. Laboratory tests showed slightly increased cell count in the spinal
      fluid, accelerated sedimentation rate, positive CRP and RA, and increased ASLO
      and gamma globulin levels. Neuropathologic examination revealed such changes as
      perivascular cellular infiltration, glial nodules, poorly demarcated
      demyelination and recent necrosis in the spinal cord and basal ganglia. Only mild
      inflammatory findings were noted in the telencephalon and brain stem. The clinico
      pathologic findings in this case supported a diagnosis of chronic
      meningoencephalomyelitis which could not be classified as any known type of
      encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 1213611
TI  - Involvement of central nervous system in pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
AB  - A 24- year-old female with typical pseudoxanthoma elasticum of the skin, angioid
      streaks of the optic fundi and cardiovascular involvement developed neurasthenic
      symptoms, epilepsy, progressive mental deterioration and focal neurological
      deficits. Cerebral angiography revealed marked generalized arteriosclerotic
      change and occlusion of the left internal carotid artery. The literature of
      pseudoxanthoma elasticum is reviewed with special reference to central nervous
      system (CNS) manifestations. The possible role of the involvement of cerebral
      arteries in the genesis of CNS manifectations is discussed. And the importance of
      neurasthenic syndrome as an initial sign, which suggests that CNS involvement has
      already started in this disease, is stressed.

PMID- 1213612
TI  - Frequency of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles in the basal ganglia and brain
      stem in Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia and the aged.
AB  - The authors studied the frequency of neurofibrillary tangles in the basal ganglia
      and brain-stem of two cases with Alzheimer's disease (average 55 years of age),
      six cases with senile dementia (average 82 years) and ten cases with cerebral
      softening and arteriosclerosis in old age (average 79 years). The distribution
      pattern of ANC was almost the same in Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia,
      i.e. plenty of ANC were found in the nucl. dorsalis raphe, nucl. centralis
      superior, nucl. mamilloinfundibularis and nucl. basilaris, but in senile dementia
      ANC were much fewer in the thalamus and lenticular nuclei. In the aged with
      cerebral softening and arteriosclerosis, a negligible number of ANC in the brain
      stem made a marked contrast to a large quantity of ANC in the cases with senile
      dementia. Hence, as far as ANC in the brain-stem is concerned, no continuum seems
      to exist between normal senility and senile dementia.

PMID- 1213613
TI  - Intraoral air pressure variability in esophageal speakers.

PMID- 1213614
TI  - Assessment of vocal function by air-flow measurements.

PMID- 1213616
TI  - Results of the treatment of severe forms of stuttering in adults.

PMID- 1213615
TI  - [Preparation of thin metal plates for registration of palatograms].

PMID- 1213617
TI  - [Neurohumoral reactions in stutterers and stammerers].

PMID- 1213618
TI  - [Effect of speaking on evoked vestibular nystagmus in stutterers].

PMID- 1213619
TI  - Compensatory pronunciation of velar consonants after surgery.

PMID- 1213620
TI  - [Psychological test results and the etiology of psychogenic dysphonia].

PMID- 1213621
TI  - Post-mortem blood concentration of methanol in 17 cases of fatal poisoning from
      contraband vodka.
AB  - Recently in Tehran 57 persons were poisoned and admitted to hospitals after
      consumption of vodka. Seventeen of the 57 died and two others became blind.
      Analyses of the remaining vodka samples showed that they were contraband and were
      mixtures of methanol and water. Post-mortem samples of blood from 15 victims'
      hearts and two samples of viscera were analysed for methanol, the concentrations
      ranging from 23 to 268 mg per 100 ml blood and per 100 g viscera, respectively.

PMID- 1213622
TI  - Iso-electric focusing of seminal, faecal and vaginal acid phosphatases.

PMID- 1213623
TI  - The post-traumatic syndrome: an iatrogenic disease.

PMID- 1213624
TI  - [Wounds caused by firearm projectiles : interpretation of the physical
      physiological mechanism of the lesions].
AB  - An explanation is offered of the morphology of the entry wound caused by a
      firearm projectile, of the projectile path through the body, and of the exit
      wound. Special consideration is given to pressure and shock waves caused and
      their relation to the speed of the projectile (below, equal to or superior to
      Mach1). The action of both pressure and shock waves is very significant, more so
      than ts and derm and so causing their rupture.

PMID- 1213625
TI  - ABO(H) group substances in human inner ear fluid.
AB  - Tests were carried out on 89 specimens of human inner ear fluid and the results
      compared with those of blood and salivary gland tests. It was found that ABO(H)
      group substances are present in the perilymph of secretors.

PMID- 1213626
TI  - Demonstration of placental aminopeptidase isozymes by disc electrophoresis and
      its application to the forensic pregnancy test from blood stains.
AB  - Serum and placental aminopeptidase isozymes were characterized by means of disc
      electrophoresis. Human pregnancy sera exhibited three bands with leucine
      aminopeptidase (LAP) activity. The fastest moving LAP band was also present in
      nonpregnancy and foetal sera. The other two cystine aminopeptidase bands (CAP1
      and CAP2), characteristic of pregnancy, were demonstrated in lysosomal extracts
      and hence suggested to be derived from the lysosomes of the placenta. These two
      CAP bands of lysosomal origin appeared in sera of pregnant women at different
      times during the course of gestation; CAP1 band in the 3rd month and CAP2 band in
      the 6th month. The information obtained from serum samples was applied to the
      medicolegal diagnosis of pregnancy from blood stains. Excess haemoglobin in blood
      stain extracts could be eliminated by subjecting them to a P-cellulose column.
      The results and their implications were discussed. This technique proved to be of
      practical use in the examination of blood stains up to periods of about 2 weeks
      after stain formation.

PMID- 1213628
TI  - Gm(1) factor in human inner ear fluid.
AB  - The authors carried out investigations on the possibility of determining the
      Gm(1) factor in endolymph taken from human cadavers, as compared with tests of
      the blood. No difficulties or anomalies were found in the determination of Gm(1)
      factor either in the endolymph or the blood taken from cadavers.

PMID- 1213627
TI  - Analysis of heroin in relation to illicit drug traffic.

PMID- 1213631
TI  - [Child and surgery].

PMID- 1213630
TI  - Criminal poisoning with anaesthetic drugs: murder, manslaughter, or not guilty.
AB  - Criminal poisoning is uncommon and the use of anaesthetic and related drugs for
      this purpose is very rare. Seven cases, involving the use of morphine,
      chloroform, hyoscine, thiopental, and succinylcholine, are described. In three
      cases the accused was found guilty of murder, in two guilty of manslaughter, in
      two not guilty and in one the verdict is not known.

PMID- 1213632
TI  - [The prevention and treatment of laryngeal and tracheal stenoses in children].
AB  - During long-term intubation and tracheotomy in childhood there is risk of
      stenosis in 3 regions: 1. in the area of the cricoid (ring) cartilage, 2. in the
      area of the tracheostomy, 3. in the area of the inflated cuff of the tube. To
      prevent this it is recommended to take an endoscopic look at the mucous membranes
      when changing the intubation tube or the tracheal cannula; to use for long-term
      intubation the naso-tracheal approach, combined with a tube with the smallest
      possible diameter; to use the "open-type tracheotomy" with a mucous membrane
      epidermis suture and without the removal of cartilage. Careful inflation of the
      cuff and rhythmical changing of the position of the cuff in the cervical segment
      of the trachea lower the risk of pressure-induced damage. If there is an
      infection or a metabolic disease the mucous membranes are extremely sensitive to
      pressure. Serious stenoses frequently make laryngical and tracheal plastic
      surgery in several sessions necessary. The curvature and stiffening of the
      ventral wall of the trachea can be achieved by implantation of arched cartilage
      from the cartilage bank.

PMID- 1213629
TI  - Generalized fatal BaSO4 embolism from vaginal application of colonographic enema.
      A case report.
AB  - A 72-year-old woman died due to BaSO4 embolism from a ruptured vagina during
      colonography. The agony lasted for only 30 minutes. Post-mortem X-rays revealed
      opaque material in the region of the uterus and in the lungs. A tear, including a
      ruptured vein, filled with white material (BaSO4) was found in the vaginal wall.
      Barium was demonstrable in the microscopic sections of lungs, brain, liver and
      kidneys with rhodizonate staining. The case was classified as a therapeutic
      accident.

PMID- 1213634
TI  - [Juvenile acute abdomen].

PMID- 1213633
TI  - [Proceedings: The clinical effects of human growth hormone. Report on an
      international symposium of the German Kabi Corp. on February 15, 1975 in Munich].
AB  - Report of an International Symposion (Febr. 15, 1975, Munich). Human growth
      hormone (HGH) acts on proliferation of cartilage, the basal process of growth, by
      the way of somatomedine and changes in protein metabolism. Growth can be enhanced
      in hypopituitary dwardism and with higher dosage in other forms of failure to
      thrive. HGH also seems to have a beneficial effect in patients with muscular
      dystrophy as shown in a preliminary report but not in thrombocytopenia. First
      observations on patients with osteogenesis imperfecta and on patients with non
      healing fractures of the long bones (pseudarthroses) have shown significant
      improvement. Of importance are the reports on stopping severe gastric hemorrhage
      in patients with stress ulcera.

PMID- 1213635
TI  - [Functional studies during stress in children with heart and lung diseases].

PMID- 1213636
TI  - [Proceedings: Choline derivatives in acute diarrheal diseases].

PMID- 1213637
TI  - [Proceedings: Juvenile immobilization osteoporosis].

PMID- 1213638
TI  - [Proceedings: Function of transplanted muscle flaps in defects of the diaphragm].

PMID- 1213639
TI  - [Proceedings: Prostaglandin and angiotensin stimulated liberation of adiuretin
      from the hypophysis].

PMID- 1213640
TI  - [The value of motor tests in neuro-developmental diagnosis].
AB  - Recording and judgment of (psycho) motor behavior are important tools in
      developmental and neuropediatric diagnosis: During infancy and early childhood
      the developmental course of various motor functions has to be registered, and the
      alterations of spontaneous or provoked movements have to be assessed by
      neuropediatric evaluation. Present knowledge of underlying neurophysiological
      mechanisms is scarce; therefore, in the stage of collecting data, it is essential
      to gather information about motor phenomena by a valid and comprehensive
      assessment of motor skills and movement patterns together with the modifying and
      influencing variables. Motoscopic methods are useful in recording motor skills
      and movement patterns; however, they are influenced by subjective errors
      depending on the examiner's training and experience. Motometric tests yield
      information about the coordinative functions and gross motor skills (e.g. body
      coordination test; KTK) or about manual dexterity and fine motor functions (e.g.
      the "insertion test"; Gleiss). For an objective recording of motor performance
      and particularly for assessment of the course of movements in performing motor
      tasks motographic methods are necessary (e.g. diadochometry). Problems and
      possibilities of these (psycho) motor tests are discussed briefly. Development
      and application of motodiagnostic methods are still in an early stage so that
      conclusions about underlying neurophysiological mechanisms have to be drawn very
      carefully, e.g. in the diagnosis of so-called cerebral dysfunction.

PMID- 1213641
TI  - [The preathetotic syndrome].

PMID- 1213642
TI  - [Sleep disorders in blind children].
AB  - In 4 cases of blind children also suffering from a cerebral damage disturbances
      of the natural sleep were observed. Such disturbances of sleep could be
      characterized by a dissociation of the daily sleep volume into some epoches which
      lasted not more than 5-6 hours each. The EEG, submental EMG and heart rate as
      well as respiration were recorded continuously during the sleep periods. Eye
      movements, however, as they are not detectable by electric recording, were
      observed visually. In our 4 cases of blind children eye movements disappeared
      during sleep and sleep stages characterized by desynchronized EEG were found to
      be reduced. This suggests that there might be an injury of nervous mechanisms
      responsible for the paradoxical sleep stage.

PMID- 1213643
TI  - [Studies on cerebrospinal fluid diffusion of trimethoprim in children].
AB  - Full quantitative fluorometric analysis of TMP in serum and cerebrospinal fluid
      in 91 infants and children (all anyhow designed for lumbar puncture for other
      reasons) 1/2 - 12 hours after i. v. injection of TMP in a single dose of 4 mg/kg
      (73 cases, tab. 1-2, fig. 1) or 12 mg/kg (18 cases, tab. 3, fig. 2). TMP in serum
      and cerebrospinal fluid showed regularly high plateaus for the whole time
      investigated, i.e. 12 hours after i. v. injection (fig. 1-2). The c.s.f./serum
      ratio for TMP (2-12 hours after injection) was 30-40%(fig. 1). After a dose of 12
      mg/kg the ratio was even 50% and more (fig. 2). There were  - in our material -
      no differences of the ratio according to c.s.f. state (normal - tab. 1, or
      pathological-tab. 2), or age. Considerating published data on enteral resorption
      of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and c.s.f. diffussion of SMZ together with our
      results, we can expect a very intensifying proportion TMP: SMZ near 1:10 in
      cerebrospinal fluid after intake of officinal TMP-SMZ (Co-trimoxazol). This might
      have diagnostic and therapeutic consequences.

PMID- 1213644
TI  - [The effect of Piracetam on adolescent brain function].
AB  - A report on investigations with Piracetam, recently introduced into therapy, is
      given. Piracetam is mainly characterized by cerebral metabolic effects, leading
      to an activation of cerebral functions as well as to brain protection.
      Experimental studies showed the highly selective activity of Piracetam on
      cerebral cortex, which is responsible for higher mental functions as
      consciousness, vigilance and memory. Therapeutic results in 48 adolescents with
      poor school results are reported. These patients were treated with Piracetam for
      a continuous period up to 14 months. The therapy lead to convincing improvements
      in terms of school results.

PMID- 1213645
TI  - Ion transport across renal proximal tubule: analysis of luminal, contraluminal
      and paracellular transport steps.

PMID- 1213646
TI  - Dark cells of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts. II.
      Physiological significance.

PMID- 1213647
TI  - On the regulatory handling of Na+, K+ and H+ transport by the rat salivary duct
      epithelium.

PMID- 1213648
TI  - Prolonged suppression of insulin release by insulin-induced hypoglycemia:
      demonstration by C-peptide assay.
AB  - Pancreatic beta cells secrete the proinsulin connecting peptide (C-peptide) and
      insulin on an equimolar basis. The C-peptide can thus be used as an indicator of
      endogenous insulin secretion in the presence of exogenously administered insulin.
      Using this approach, we have shown suppression of endogenous insulin release in
      healthy subjects during hypoglycemia induced by intravenous infusion of porcine
      insulin. Moreover, the suppression persists after the plasma glucose returns to
      fasting levels, suggesting that the recovery of beta cells from the effects of
      hypoglycemia is not immediate.

PMID- 1213649
TI  - Glucose, insulin, pancreatic glucagon and glucagon-like immunoreactive materials
      in the plasma of normal and diabetic children. Effect of the initial insulin
      treatment.
AB  - Pancreatic glucagon (PG) and other glucagon-like immunoreactive materials (GLI)
      were measured in the plasma of normal and of newly diagnosed untreated diabetic
      children, using an antiglucagon serum (AGS) highly specific for pancreatic
      glucagon (AGS 18) and an AGS which crossreacts with extracts of intestinal mucosa
      (AGS 10). Gut GLI was considered to be the difference between "total" GLI (AGS
      10) and PG (AGS 18). Glucose and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) were also measured.
      PG, total GLI and gut GLI were significantly elevated in children with severe
      insulin insufficiency and were reduced to normal by insulin treatment, even
      though a significant fasting hyperglycemia was still present. In three diabetic
      children who had high initial plasma IRI levels the three glucagon fractions were
      normal. We conclude that insulin insufficiency is characterized not only by high
      plasma levels of PG as previously reported, but also of gut GLI. These
      abnormalities can be corrected by the administration of insulin.

PMID- 1213650
TI  - Jejunal factor stimulating insulin release in the isolated perfused canine
      pancreas and jejunum.
AB  - In the present study using an isolated perfused preparation of canine jejunum and
      pancreas, an insulin-releasing factor was found in the venous effluent of the
      jejunum. Insulin secretion by the pancreas rose twofold after 10% glucose was
      infused in the lumen of the jejunum and remained at a high level even after the
      stimulus was discontinued. No modification of the exocrine pancreatic secretion
      occurred during the insulin release, and therefore it seems unlikely that
      gastrin, secretin or cholecystokinin-pancreozymin were released by the jejunal
      mucosa. In control experiments the values of hyperglycaemia observed previously
      and intraluminal hyperosmolarity were tested: at these levels, they did not
      affect insulin secretion. The nature of this intestinal insulin-releasing factor
      remains unknown however, but may be identifiable when intestinal hormones in
      blood can be assayed reliably.

PMID- 1213652
TI  - Effect of fat cell size, restrictive diet and diabetes on lipoprotein lipase
      release by human adipose tissue.
AB  - The lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLA) eluted from human adipose tissue was
      measured after percutaneous biopsy in the fasting state. A positive and
      significant correlation was found between LPLA per 10(6) cells or per cell
      surface unit and cell volume in 27 normal and obese subjects in weight balance
      and on maintenance diet. Such a correlation was also found in 13 diabetic
      subjects before treatment. In 11 obese subjects subjected to a restricted diet,
      LPLA dropped dramatically without a significant change in cell size, blunting the
      cell size effect. In diabetic subjects the LPLA per cell was significantly lower
      than in nondiabetic people with similar adipose cell volume.

PMID- 1213651
TI  - Turnover of plasma free arachidonic and oleic acids in men and women.
AB  - The turnover of plasma free arachidonic and oleic acids was determined in healthy
      men and women. The plasma pool of arachidonic acid in the men was 75 per cent
      higher than in the women. The fractional turnover of arachidonate was 0.80 +/-
      0.04 min(-1) in the women and 0.47 +/- 0.04 min(-1) in the men. The turnover rate
      of arachidonic acid was similar in both sexes; calculated per kg body weight it
      was significantly higher in the women. No sex differences were observed in the
      concentration or turnover of plasma free oleic acid when corrected for
      differences in body size. The composition of the free fatty acid fraction
      differed between the sexes, the female subjects having a lower proportion of
      saturated fatty acids and higher proportions of oleic and eicosenoic acids. The
      results indicate that the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in man is
      influenced by gonadal steroid hormones.

PMID- 1213653
TI  - Activity of some enzymes of energy metabolism in striated muscle of obese
      subjects with respect to body composition.
AB  - The effect of obesity on the activity of some enzymes of energy supplying
      metabolism was studied in male and female groups of different body weight, using
      tissue samples of m. quadriceps femoris obtained by a biopsy needle. Both obese
      males and females displayed a distinct tendency towards anaerobic metabolism
      (high lactate dehydrogenase activities). The assumption that cytoplasm has an
      increased capacity in the muscle of the obese for reduction syntheses is
      supported by the increased ratio of malate dehydrogenase to citrate synthase
      activities. Compared with controls, less activity of enzymes associated with
      fatty acid and glucose degradation (hexokinase, hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase,
      citrate synthase) was observed in obese males. In obese females the latter enzyme
      activities did not differ from those in the controls; however, lactate
      dehydrogenase and triosophosphate dehydrogenase activities were significantly
      higher. Significant inverse correlations between hexokinase and hydroxyacyl- CoA
      dehydrogenase activities, on the one hand, and indicators of body composition and
      body weight, on the other, were found in males. The female group did not display
      analogous significant relations between the enzymatic organization and indicators
      of body composition.

PMID- 1213654
TI  - The lipoprotein lipase activity of brown adipose tissue during early post-natal
      development of the normal and hypothyroid rat.
AB  - The heparin-releasable LP lipase activity of BAT (brown adipose tissue), and the
      TG (triglyceride) content of plasma were determined in normal and hypothyroid
      rats during early post-natal development. The TG content of plasma increased
      sharply after the onset of suckling and decreased during the weaning period in
      normal rats, while it stayed at a high level in hypothyroid rats. LP lipase
      activity was maximal during the perinatal period and decreased later, being
      practically undetectable in one month old control animals; in contrast, LP lipase
      activity was still present in cretin rats at this age. The effects of several
      forms of treatment were also tested in weaned rats: a high-fat diet was not able
      to maintain the high LP lipase activity of suckling rats, but the activity was
      high if the animals were bred at a cold temperature. Thyroxine injections had no
      effect. These results are discussed in terms of the possible factors regulating
      the LP lipase activity in BAT.

PMID- 1213655
TI  - Role of growth hormone in lipid mobilization stimulated by prolonged muscular
      exercise in the rat.
AB  - The effects of prolonged muscular exercise (swim in tepid water for 60 min) on
      blood glucose, plasma FFA and R-GH were studied in a group of normal rats and the
      effect on blood glucose and plasma FFA in a group of hypophysectomized rats. The
      data obtained showed that, whereas in normal rats plasma FFA rose after muscular
      exercise, plasma R-GH fell sharply. In Hypophysectomized rats, however, muscular
      exercise did not increase plasma FFA levels.

PMID- 1213656
TI  - On an attempt to treat primary and secondary osteoporosis with human growth
      hormone.
AB  - Three male patients with severe osteoporosis were treated with human growth
      hormone. One of them had a primary osteoporosis, the two others osteogenesis
      imperfecta. The duration of therapy was 8 to 15 months and average doses per day
      were 1.45 to 2.3 mg. While clinical and 47calcium kinetic data failed to prove
      marked influences of the treatment, histomorphometry of bone biopsies showed
      indisputable changes. There was an increase of periosteal new bone formation as
      well as of intracortical bone resorption, while at the same time the relative
      activity of osteoblasts on endosteal surfaces showed a significant increase.

PMID- 1213657
TI  - Protein metabolism in hypo- and hyperstimulated rat thyroid glands. I. Protein
      synthesis of different thyroidal proteins.
AB  - The comparative study of the in vivo synthesis of thyroglobulin and proteins
      other than thyroglobulin was carried out in thyroid glands from animals submitted
      to different levels of TSH stimulation. The different levels of hormonal
      stimulation modify neither the rate of labeling after injection of the isotope,
      nor the level of the free labeled amino acid in the glands (percent of the total
      uptake), but they have a very significant effect on the level of incorporation of
      the isotope into total proteins. In hypostimulated thyroids the total protein
      synthesis is very much reduced, while in hyperstimulated glands it is
      significantly increased. In both hyper- and hypostimulated animals, the
      proportion of radioactivity bound to the particulate protein fraction is higher
      than in control rats. However, the solubilization by digitonine of these proteins
      is lower in hypostimulated and higher in hyperstimulated animals than in
      controls. Thyroglobulin synthesis is significantly modified qualitatively and
      quantitatively in both hypo- and hyperstimulated glands. Qualitative
      modifications are characterized by a changed ratio of 19 S/12 S molecules with
      respect to the controls. This is probably caused by a more important dissociation
      of 19S molecules, due to the lower level of halogenation in both hypo- and MTU
      treated glands. The quantitative modifications of thyroglobulin synthesis,
      expressed either in absolute values (DPM/mg of tissue), or relatively to the
      total proteins (percent of total newly formed proteins), are characterized by a
      very important inhibition of this synthesis in hypostimulated glands, and its
      stimulation in glands chronically submitted to the TSH action. The modifications
      of synthesis observed for the proteins other than thyroglobulin are less
      significant in both types of treated glands than are those observed for
      thyroglobulin. The level of hormonal stimulation has no effect on the
      distribution of these proteins between soluble and the particulate fraction, but
      seems to have a slight effect on the solubilization of the latter ones.
      Comparative evaluation of the TSH effect on the synthesis of different thyroidal
      proteins shows that it has a much more specific and significant action on
      thyroglobulin than on other proteins. The differential effect of TSH on the
      synthesis of thyroglobulin and proteins other than thyroglobulin suggests that
      different mechanisms may exist by which TSH regulates the synthesis of these two
      types of proteins.

PMID- 1213658
TI  - Extended somatostatin treatment of a patient with bleeding ulcer.
AB  - The results of a 67 hour cyclic somatostatin continuous infusion in a patient
      with a bleeding ulcer are reported. The subject was a 65 year old male with very
      heavy gastrointestinal bleeding on the 9th postoperative day following a high BI
      resection. Endoscopy revealed the bleeding to be caused by two residual ulcers in
      the area of the anastomosis. Somatostatin treatment led to an immediate cessation
      of the bleeding after 1 hour. Gastric secretion as well as gastrin, insulin and
      growth hormone levels were significantly inhibited by somatostatin. Endoscopy at
      the end of the treatment period showed two ulcers in the process of healing. The
      raised blood glucose levels caused by somatostatin were easily controlled with
      max. 14 IU cristalline insulin daily. Except for dryness in the mouth, no adverse
      side effects were apparent. There was no evidence from laboratory investigations
      of hemostatic defects or bleeding tendency in the patient.

PMID- 1213659
TI  - Analogues of human calcitonin. II. Influence of modifications in amino acid
      positions 1, 8 and 22 on hypocalcemic activity in the rat.
AB  - The calcitonin analogues [Val8] -HCT and [Tyr22] -HCT, each with a single
      modification, and [Val8, Tyr22] -HCT and [Bmp1, Val8] -HCT, with two replaced
      amino acids were compared with synthetic human calcitonin (HCT) in respect of
      their hypocalcemic effects in the rat. The introduction of either valine in place
      of methionine in position 8 or of tyrosine for phenylalanine in position 22 of
      the HCT molecule yielded analogues 4 to 5 times as potent and nearly twice as
      long-acting as HCT. The doubly substituted peptide [Val8, Tyr22] -HCT displayed
      properties closely similar to those of [Val8] -HCT and [Tyr22] -HCT. The analgoue
      [Bmp1, Val8] -HCT, with a deaminated cysteine residue at the N-terminus, was
      about 6 times more potent than HCT and slightly longer-acting than [Val8] -HCT.

PMID- 1213660
TI  - Immunological half-life of porcine proinsulin C-peptide.

PMID- 1213661
TI  - HL-A8, W15 and T3 in juvenile onset diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1213662
TI  - Caveat on glucose anomers: measurements and metabolism.

PMID- 1213663
TI  - Lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase levels in the liver of fed and 24-hour
      fasted suckling rats.

PMID- 1213664
TI  - Hepatic metabolism of glucose and glycogen in fed rats.

PMID- 1213665
TI  - Prolongation of duration of action of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP)
      by ineffective doses of clofibrate in diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 1213666
TI  - Serum triiodothyronine in simple nontoxic goiter in Sicily.

PMID- 1213667
TI  - [Stereochemistry and mechanism of the methanol oxidase from Candida boidinii
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Under nitrogen atmosphere, methanol oxidase isolated from Candida boidinii
      catalyzes no hydrogen exchange of ethanol. Reactions with (1R)[1-3H]ethanol or
      (1S)[1-3H]ethanol occur stereoselectively. The ratio of hydrogen abstraction in
      the oxidation of ethanol is about 7:1 in favor of the pro R hydrogen atom. The
      isotope effect kH/k3H is 2 - 2.5 for (1R)[1-3H]ethanol. The isotope effects on Km
      and V have been determined for four different deuterium-labelled ethanols. The Km
      for [2H3]methanol is nearly twice that for CH3OH. That is about the same ratio as
      for ethanol/methanol. For the oxidation of CH3OH and 2H3COH, the ratio of VH/V2H3
      = 2.44, while the ratio for methanol/ethanol is only 1.3. It has been conformed
      that catalase from bovine liver eliminates only the pro R hydrogen atom from
      ethanol. The isotope effect for the catalase-catalyzed oxidation of (1R)[1
      3H]ethanol is 2.1.

PMID- 1213668
TI  - [Identification and biological activity of peptides containing a partially
      benzyloxycarbonylated L-arginine on their amino terminus (author's transl)].
AB  - Nomega-Z-L-Arg-L-Phe-L-Phe was shown to be the antibiotically active compound in
      a peptide mixture which was obtained by treating Z3-L-Arg-L-Phe-L-Phe with
      hydrogen bromide/trifluoroacetic acid or 4N HBr/glacial acetic acid,
      respectively. Identification of this compound was achieved by thin-layer
      chromatography, enzymatic digestion and autobiograms with fungi. The pure Nomega
      Z-L-Arg-L-Phe-L-Phe was not the only compound with antibiotic qualities;
      generally it could be said that all peptides with the sequence Nomega-Z-L-Arg-X-L
      Phe (X might be any amino acid) are antibiotically active. All of them are
      antagonized by L-aspartic acid and asparagine in the crossstrip test (on fungi).
      The antibiotical activity of all these peptides must be due to the Nomega-Z-L-Arg
      residue provided that it is coupled to a dipeptide X-L-Phe, or to an aromatic
      system (e.g. L-Phe or benzyl amine).

PMID- 1213669
TI  - Studies on the chemistry of arterial wall, XVII. Metabolic characteristics of
      different types of chondroitin sulfate-dermatan sulfate hybrids in arterial
      tissue.
AB  - 1) Chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate of bovine arterial tissue exist as
      copolymers with a varying degree of hybridization between chondroitin and
      dermatan sulfates. A fraction rich in dermatan sulfate hybridized with 20%
      chondroitin sulfate (termed DS-rich hybrid) and a fraction rich in chondroitin
      sulfate containing 17% DS as copolymer constituent (CS-rich hybrid) can be
      isolated by the subfractionation of the arterial tissue CS-DS preparation. 2)
      When arterial tissue segments were preincubated with [14C]glucosamine, 95% of the
      radioactivity incorporated into the glycosaminoglycans was found to be present in
      the galactosamine moiety of all of the CS-DS subfractions, whereas the relative
      proportion of 14C radioactivity incorporated into the galactosamine and uronic
      acid components was 51:49 following preincubation with [14C]glucose. In both
      experiments the specific radioactivity of the DS-rich hybrids was twice as high
      as that of the CS-rich hybrids. 3) Enzymatic degradation of the hybrid CS-DS
      subfractions by chondroitin AC and ABC lyases revealed that the specific
      radioactivity of the CS and DS disaccharide units released from the DS-rich
      hybrids was twice as high as those isolated from the CS-rich hybrids, but within
      each hybrid fraction the galactosamine moieties of the CS and DS units and their
      glucuronic and iduronic acid components exhibited equal specific radioactivities.
      4) The results strongly support the assumption that distinct compartments exist
      for the formation of hybrid CS-DS proteoglycans with different proportions of CS
      and DS.

PMID- 1213670
TI  - Reduction of S-sulpho groups by tributylphosphine: an improved method for the
      recombination of insulin chains.
AB  - All 4 S-sulpho groups of the S-sulpho substituted insulin A-chain could be
      removed with 4 mol of tributylphosphine. Reduction of a 1:1 mixture of both S
      sulpho insulin chains with tributylphosphine followed by air oxidation gave
      insulin which was isolated in pure form and high yield. Removal of excess
      reducing agent was not necessary, in contrast to the usual procedures employing
      thiols for the reduction step. This constitutes a rapid and simple method for the
      generation of insulin from its chains. A new method for the purification of S
      sulpho-A-chain has been developed.

PMID- 1213671
TI  - [The role of the hypophysis and the hypophyseal hormone prolactin in maintenance
      of the sexual specificity of the metabolism of testosterone and 5-alpha
      dihydrotestosterone in rat liver slices].
AB  - Hypophysectomy of rats 55 days after birth causes profound changes in the
      sexually differentiated liver metabolism of testosterone and 5alpha
      dihydrotestosterone, which were studied when the rats were 80 days old. 1.
      Metabolism of testosterone after hypophysectomy: The turnover of testosterone
      decreased significantly to the same level in both sexes. The effect was
      especially marked in the female, which normally has a high turnover of this
      compound. The sexual differences in the patterns of metabolites were also lost,
      owing to the following changes: In the male, the high level of metabolites of the
      3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstane type falls to the low level found in the female
      controls. The low level of 4-androstene-3,17-dione in the female increases to the
      high level found in the male controls. The concentrations of testosterone
      increase and those of the metabolites of the 3-oxo- and 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha
      androstane decrease to values that are significantly much higher or lower,
      respectively, than the normal values found in the control animals. 2. Metabolism
      of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone after hypophysectomy: In comparison with the
      controls, the turnover of this substrate is significantly decreased by the same
      factor in both sexes; thus the difference between the sexes persists. In the
      pattern of metabolites, the sexual differences are still apparent, but less
      marked. The levels of metabolites show two opposing changes: a significant
      increase in the concentration of 3beta-hydroxy metabolites, and a significant
      decrease in the concentration of 3alpha-hydroxy metabolites; although the
      activity of the microsomal 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase increases by a
      factor of 3 - 4 in both sexes after hypophysectomy[1]. This discrepancy indicates
      a compartmentalization of androgen metabolism in the liver cell, in which delta4
      5alpha- and 3beta-hydrogenation occur on the membranes of the endoplasmic
      reticulum, whereas 3alpha-hydrogenation occurs in the cytosol. 3. Action of
      prolactin on the metabolism of testosterone in hypophysectomized animals:
      Prolactin (125 mug twice daily from the 70th to the 79th day of life) causes a
      significant acceleration of the delta4-5alpha-hydrogenation, which is recognized
      as a significant increase in the concentrations of 5alpha-androstane metabolites;
      the 3beta-hydroxy compounds in both sexes reach the normal level of male control
      animals. The significant increase in the concentration of 3alpha-hydroxy
      compounds is accompanied by a partial reestablishment of the sexual differences.
      The sex differences in androgen turnover and metabolite pattern are subject to a
      hypophyseal regulation, which is separate from the gonadotropic partial function.
      The hydroxylation activity of the liver, measured as the production of C19O3
      steroids, is not significantly affected by hypophysectomy or by treatment with
      prolactin.

PMID- 1213672
TI  - [Problems associated with the labelling of RNA with radioactive precursors in
      vivo (author's transl)].
AB  - The radioactivity of RNA, DNA and proteins in the liver, muscles and cerebrum of
      30-day-old rats after labelling with [3H]uridine, [14C]uridine, [3H]cytidine or
      [3H]orotic acid was measured. It was found that after administration of
      [3H]uridine, the proteins were 5 - 10 times more radioactive than the RNA. After
      administration of [14C]uridine, the proteins were 1 - 2 times more heavily
      labelled than the RNA. Hydrolysis of the proteins followed by chromatography of
      the amino acids revealed that the protein labelling was mostly due to
      [3H]glutamate. In the liver, [3H]orotic acid produced very specific labelling of
      the RNA. The radioactivity of the proteins is very slight. However, the specific
      labelling of the RNA in the muscles and cerebrum is not so pronounced with this
      precursor. [3H]Cytidine is an ideal precursor for RNA. The labelling of protein
      in all three organs examined is very slight, and furthermore, the specific
      activity of the RNA is 10 - 20 times higher than after labelling with uridine. We
      were also able to show that after labelling with radioactive uridine, the method
      of isolation of RNA by alkaline hydrolysis gives incorrect results, because
      [3H]amino acids interfere with the measurement of the specific activity of the
      RNA. The heavy labelling of proteins by [3H]-uridine must also be taken into
      account in histoautoradiography, because our experiments showed that in liver,
      the proteins in the cell nucleus are 3 times as radioactive as the nucleic acids.
      The particulate components of the cytoplasm are even 20 times more radioactive
      than the nucleic acids.

PMID- 1213674
TI  - Total synthesis of a structural gene for the human peptide hormone angiotensin
      II.
AB  - Seven oligonucleotide chains containing between 6 and 11 nucleotide units were
      synthesized. The segments were phosphorylated by T4 polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl
      kinase and joined by T4 polynucleotide synthetase (ATP) to give the double
      stranded DNA consisting of 33 base pairs. The DNA sequence was deduced from the
      known peptide sequence according to the genetic code.

PMID- 1213673
TI  - [In vivo studies on the metabolism of pyrimidine nucleosides (author's transl)].
AB  - 3H-labelled metabolites were determined in the perchloric acid-soluble fraction
      of blood plasma and liver of adult male Wistar rats, following the application of
      [5 - 3H]uridine. Ten minutes after the injection of uridine, only 20% of the
      total 3H activity of the plasma could be attributed to [3H]uridine. The remaining
      radioactivity was found chiefly in [3H]uracil (40%) and 3H2O (20%). In the liver,
      at 10 min, [3H]-uridine and [3H]uracil together accounted for less than 0.5% of
      the total radioactivity; about 70% of the radioactivity was due to [3H]beta
      alanine, and 15% to 3H2O. 45 min after the injection, 70% of the radioactivity in
      the plasma was due to 3H2O, whereas uridine and uracil represented about 4% and
      6%, respectively. At this time, about 55% of the radioactivity in the liver was
      due to [3H]beta-alanine, about 40% to 3H2O, and about 5% to unidentified
      metabolites; [3H]uridine and [3H]uracil were not observed. A comparison of the
      rate of catabolism of [5-3H]-uridine, [5-3H]cytidine and [6-3H]thymidine showed
      that cytidine is degraded in the organism 25 times more slowly than uridine or
      thymidine. The biological half lives for the total degradation of the
      [3H]nucleosides to 3H2O, based on the values in the plasma, were: uridine 1.1 h;
      thymidine 1.3 h; cytidine 25 h. Furthermore, the turnover time of exogenous
      uridine in the plasma was found to be 9 min, which gives a half life of 6 min for
      the metabolism of exogenous uridine to uracil.

PMID- 1213675
TI  - Some new bifunctional reagents for the conjugation of a protein with an amino
      compound in water.
AB  - Five symmetrical bifunctional reagents (I-V) have been synthesized and tested for
      their usefulness for the conjugation of albumin with tryptophan, in aqueous
      solution. With I and II about 17, with IV and V about 8 tryptophan residues could
      be introduced in the native protein. The difference is discussed. Reagent III has
      a very low solubility in water but may be useful if organic solvents are
      permissible.

PMID- 1213676
TI  - [A new bifunctional reagent for the intramolecular crosslinking of insulin
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Reaction of bis-[2-(succinimidooxycarbonyloxy)ethyl]sulfone [SO2(Eoc-ONSu)2] with
      insulin in 1N NaHCO3/dimethylformamide forms NalphaA1,NepsilonA1,NepsilonB29-2,2'
      sulfonylbis(ethoxycarbonyl)insulin [SO2(Eoc)2-insulin] in 20 - 35% yield. The
      product can be purified by partition chromatography. After cleavage of the
      disulfide bridges, reoxidation in very dilute solution reconstitutes about 60% of
      the original insulin activity. Cleavage of the crosslinking moiety can be
      achieved with 0.5N NaOH at 0 degrees C in only a few seconds, rendering a
      biologically fully active insulin.

PMID- 1213677
TI  - [(A1-D-alanine) insulin (author's transl)].
AB  - Starting from porcine insulin, A1-glycine was substituted by D-alanine and by L
      alanine for comparison. Replacement of A1-glycine by L-alanine revealed the known
      decrease in the biological activity. [A1-D-Alanine]insulin, however, has the same
      blood sugar lowering activity as insulin and is slightly more active in its
      influence on the glucose uptake into the rat diaphragm. The specific binding to
      insulin receptors of rat liver is decreased as, compared to insulin, but
      increased as compared to the L-alanine analogue.

PMID- 1213679
TI  - Immunological identity of human and porcine growth hormones. Application to
      determination of growth hormone in porcine serum.
AB  - In two radioimmunoassay systems with iodinated human growth hormone as tracer and
      anti-human growth hormone or anti-porcine growth hormone as binding site, the
      standard curves for human and for porcine growth hormone were parallel. In both
      systems the porcine growth hormone preparation had to be added in about the same
      excess as compared to the human hormone. It was concluded that the human and the
      porcine hormones behave in an identical way and that the values obtained in
      radioimmunoassay for human growth hormone represent the amount of immunologically
      active molecules in the porcine growth hormone preparation. As parallel standard
      curves were obtained with porcine serum, the concentration of growth hormone is
      porcine serum may be determined by radioimmunoassay for human growth hormone.

PMID- 1213678
TI  - [The amino acid sequence of the double-headed protein proteinase inhibitor from
      dog submandibular glands, I. Structural homology to the pancreatic secretory
      trypsin inhibitors (author's transl)].
AB  - The primary structure of the broad specificity proteinase inhibitor from dog
      submandibular glands was elucidated. The inhibitor consists of a single
      polypeptide chain of 117 amino acids which is folded into two domains (heads)
      connected by a peptide of three amino acid residues. Both domains I and II show a
      clear structural homology to each other as well as to the single-headed
      pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitors (Kazal type). The trypsin reactive site (
      Cys-Pro-Arg-Leu-His-Glx-Pro-Ile-Cys-) is located in domain I and the chymotrypsin
      reactive center (-Cys-Thr-Met-Asp-Tyr-Asx-Arg-Pro-Leu-Tyr-Cys-) in domain II, cf.
      the Figure. The inhibitor is thus double-headed with two independent reactive
      sites. Whereas head I is responsible for the inhibition of trypsin and plasmin,
      head II is responsible for the inhibition of chymotrypsin, subtilisin, elastase
      and probably also Aspergillus oryzae protease and pronase. Remarkably, the
      structural homology exists also to the single-headed acrosin-trypsin inhibitors
      from seminal plasma[12] and the Japanese quail inhibitor composed of three
      domains[13].

PMID- 1213680
TI  - [A new mandelonitrile lyase from the cherrylaurel (Prunus laurocerasus) (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Mandelonitrile lyase has been isolated from the seeds of Prunus laurocerasus and
      characterized. The enzyme is a glycoprotein and contains FAD as prosthetic group.
      It has an absorption spectrum of the hydrophobic type. The molecular weight is
      60000. The new mandelonitrile lyase catalyses both formation and cleavage of D
      (+)-benzaldehyde cyanohydrin. Despite the existence of marked morphologic and
      biochemical differences between P. laurocerasus and P. amygdalus (var. sativa)
      (sweet almond) the enzymes isolated from the seeds of the two Prunoideae species
      are closely related, as judged from their immunological properties. However they
      exhibit specific differences in the isoelectric points and quantitative
      distribution of the three isoenzymes.

PMID- 1213681
TI  - [Identification of a methionine residue as the reactive site for chymotrypsin in
      the double-headed proteinase inhibitor from the canine submandibular gland
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The canine submandibular inhibitor is double-headed with two independent reactive
      sites. Whereas the trypsin-reactive center (-Ala-Cys-Pro-Arg26-Leu-His-) is
      located in domain I, the chymotrypsin-reactive site (-Met-Cys-Thr-Met78-Asp-Tyr-)
      is located in domain II. The presence of a methionine residue in this inhibition
      center is supported by the findings that nitration with tetranitromethane
      abolishes neither trypsin nor chymotrypsin inhibition, whereas after alkylation
      of the methione residues, only trypsin inhibition is retained. Remarkably,
      another inhibitor from microbial sources [10] which also contains a methionine
      residue in the presumed reactive site also inhibits subtilisin but not
      chymotrypsin (or trypsin).

PMID- 1213682
TI  - The amino acid sequence of the double-headed proteinase inhibitor from canine
      submandibular glands, III. Sequencing studies.
AB  - Canine submandibular glands contain 3 polyvalent, double-headed proteinase
      inhibitors. The amino acid sequences of the two main inhibitors were determined.
      They differ only in the substitution of one Lys for a Glu residue. The inhibitor
      molecules are composed of two halves (domains), one antitryptic and one
      antichymotryptic. The two domains are covalently linked by 3 amino acid residues.
      The domains are structurally related to each other and to the sequenced
      monovalent secretory pancreatic trypsin inhibitors.

PMID- 1213683
TI  - Characterization of pig pancreatic kallikreins A and B.
AB  - Pig pancreatic kallikreins A and B are both composed of the same 229 amino acids,
      a figure resembling the number of amino acid residues found in other serine
      proteinases of pancreas. Both forms of the enzyme contain N-terminal isoleucine
      and alanine and C-terminal leucine/serine (about half a mol each per mol
      kallikrein) and proline. Values for the glucosamine content of the kallikreins
      obtained on the amino acid analyzer after hydrolysis with p-toluenesulfonic acid,
      a procedure also used for the determination of amide ammonia, agreed with those
      determined by a gas-chromatographic method. Neuraminidasetreated kallikrein B
      differs from the A form only in containing roughly double the amount (on the
      average a total of 11.5 vs. 5.6% by weight) of carbohydrate (glucosamine,
      mannose, galactose, and fucose) and possibly by a higher content (20 vs. 17
      residues) of amide ammonia. From the composition, molecular weights of 26800 and
      28600 are calculated for sialic-acid-free kallikreins A and B, respectively, and
      of 25300 for the protein part of kallikrein. The molar absorbance of both forms
      of the enzyme has been determined as (50.6 +/- 1.3) X 10(3)M-1 cm-1 at 280 nm. A
      comparison of kallikreins A and B with kallikreins d1 and d2 described by Zuber
      and Sache reveals as principal difference a much lower specific activity of the
      latter preparations with all reagents tested. Conceivably, the reported lower
      carbohydrate contents of kallikreins d1 and d2 and their separation into three
      instead of two major subunits are related to this finding.

PMID- 1213684
TI  - The amino acid sequence of toxin V II 2, a cytotoxin homologue from banded
      Egyptian cobra (Naja haje annulifera) venom.
AB  - Toxin V II 2 comprises 60 amino acid residues and is cross-linked by four
      disulphide bridges. The complete amino acid sequence of this toxin was
      elucidated. The reduced and S-carboxymethylated toxin was digested with trypsin
      and chymotrypsin and the peptides were purified by ion-exchange chromatography
      and chromatography or electrophoresis on paper. The Edman procedure, either
      through the use of the automatic sequenator or by manual manipulation, was
      employed to obtain the sequence of the intact toxin and the pure peptides. The
      chymotryptic digest provided the necessary overlapping peptides which allowed the
      alignment of tryptic peptides. The amino acid sequence of Naja haje annulifera
      toxin V II 2 shows a high degree of homology with cytotoxin V II 1 of the same
      venom.

PMID- 1213685
TI  - The purification and amino acid sequence of toxin CM-13b from Naja haje
      annulifera (Egyptian cobra) venom.
AB  - Toxin CM-13b was purified from the venom of Naja haje annulifera by gel
      filtration on Sephadex G-50 and by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose.
      The toxin comprises 65 amino acid residues and is cross-linked by five disulphide
      bridges. The complete amino acid sequence of toxin CM-13b was elucidated. The
      reduced and S-carboxymethylated toxin was digested with trypsin and chymotrypsin
      and the peptides purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and chromatography or
      electrophoresis on paper. The amino acid sequences of the intact toxin and its
      constituent peptides were determined by the Edman-Begg procedure, either through
      the use of the automatic sequenator or by manual manipulation. The chymotryptic
      digest provided the necessary overlapping peptides for aligning the tryptic
      peptides. The primary structure of toxin CM-13b shows a high degree of homology
      with that of protein S4C11 from Naja melanoleuca venom[1], but their toxicities
      are very different.

PMID- 1213686
TI  - An acrosin inhibitor in ram spermatozoa that does not originate from the seminal
      plasma.
AB  - Ram seminal plasma, and ejaculated ram spermatozoa that have been washed with
      0.25M sucrose, both contain acrosin inhibitor. The aim of this work was to
      determine whether the intracellular inhibitor originates from the seminal plasma.
      The amounts of inhibitor in ejaculated and epididymal spermatozoa were measured
      and compared with the amounts present in the seminal plasma of normal and
      vasectomized rams. One ejaculated ram spermatozoon contained 2.1 amol (2.1 X 10(
      18) mol) of inhibitor and one epididymal spermatozoon contained 3.3 amol of
      inhibitor. (All molarities are mean values based on pooled ram semen or on single
      ejaculates from three vasectomized rams.) Calculations from results in earlier
      publications indicated that one ejaculated ram spermatozoon contains about 3 amol
      of acrosin; thus the inhibitor: acrosin ratio in washed ram spermatozoa is
      approximately 1. One ml of ram semen contains, on average, 3 X 10(9) spermatozoa
      and not more than 0.8 ml of seminal plasma. This number of ejaculated spermatozoa
      would contain 6.3 nmol of inhibitor, while the same number of epididymal
      spermatozoa would contain 9.9 nmol of inhibitor. These values exceed the
      quantities of inhibitor present in 0.8 ml of normal seminal plasma (approximately
      1.6 nmol) or in 0.8 ml of seminal plasma from vasectomized rams (approximately
      2.3 nmol). We conclude that seminal plasma is not a major source of the acrosin
      inhibitor that can be recovered from washed ejaculated ram spermatozoa.

PMID- 1213687
TI  - Boar acrosin, I: modified isolation procedure, active-site titration and evidence
      for the presence of sialic acid.
AB  - Boar acrosin was isolated to electrophoretic homogeneity by modification of the
      method described by us previously.  Titration with p-nitrophenyl p
      guanidinobenzoate revealed a molar activity of 8900 toward BzArgOEt and of 780
      towards BzArgNHNp.  Treatment with neuraminidase led to an altered
      electrophoretic mobility, indicating that acrosin is sialogycoprotein

PMID- 1213689
TI  - Amino acid sequence of human fibrin: preliminary note on the peptides obtained by
      cleaving the gamma-chain at the methionyl bonds.

PMID- 1213691
TI  - Fathers: forgotten contributors to child development.

PMID- 1213690
TI  - Amino acid sequence of human fibrin: preliminary note on the peptides obtained by
      cleaving the gamma-chain at the arginyl bonds.

PMID- 1213692
TI  - Summer 1974.

PMID- 1213688
TI  - Cleavage specificity of boar acrosin on polypeptide substrates, ribonuclease and
      insulin B-chain.
AB  - The cleavage specificity of boar acrosin is, like that of trypsin, strictly
      limited to the arginyl and lysyl bonds, as demonstrated for the oxidized B-chain
      of insulin. In addition, in this polypeptide substrate as well as in reduced and
      carboxymethylated ribonuclease, these peptide bonds are hydrolyzed by acrosin and
      trypsin with nearly identical velocities.

PMID- 1213694
TI  - Clinical studies with some air-borne pollens and dusts as respiratory allergens
      around Varanasi.

PMID- 1213693
TI  - Using fingerprint measures to predict other anthropometric variables.

PMID- 1213696
TI  - Lung scanning and pulmonary angiography in respiratory diseases.

PMID- 1213695
TI  - Lung scan in diagnosis (a preliminary study).

PMID- 1213697
TI  - Spontaneous tension pneumomediastinum.

PMID- 1213698
TI  - Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia: unusual presentation.

PMID- 1213699
TI  - Primary pleural mesothelioma.

PMID- 1213700
TI  - A report on terminology for pulmonary physical signs.

PMID- 1213701
TI  - Vaginal cytology in carcinoma cervix.

PMID- 1213702
TI  - Toxoplasmosis in relation to reproductive disorders.

PMID- 1213703
TI  - Comparative evaluation of indirect haemagglutination and complement fixation
      tests in serodiagnosis of cysticercosis.

PMID- 1213704
TI  - Cardiotoxicity of intravenous isoproterenol in rats.

PMID- 1213706
TI  - Paternity exclusion by genetic markers in Indian populations.

PMID- 1213705
TI  - The effect of a high energy food supplement on the growth of pre-school children.

PMID- 1213707
TI  - Frequency of sex chromatin positive cells in the buccal smear of 1000 normal
      newborn females.

PMID- 1213708
TI  - Studies on gall-stone composition. Part I--Analysis of biliary calculi by
      emission spectroscopy.

PMID- 1213709
TI  - Haemolytic complement, anticomplementry activity and hepatitis B antigen in sera
      of patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

PMID- 1213710
TI  - Minimal daily requirement of folic acid in normal Indian subjects.

PMID- 1213711
TI  - Counterimmunoelectrophoresis for rapid serodiagnosis of amoebic liver abscess.

PMID- 1213713
TI  - A study of mineral composition of urinary calculi by x-ray diffraction method.

PMID- 1213712
TI  - Effect of Sintamil--a new dibenzoxazepine antidepressant on reproductive
      processes.

PMID- 1213714
TI  - Anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of a substance isolated from
      Dalbergia volubilis.

PMID- 1213715
TI  - Nutritional profile of Calcutta pre-school children. I. Nutritional
      anthropometry.

PMID- 1213716
TI  - Nutritional profile of Calcutta pre-school children. II. Clinical observations.

PMID- 1213717
TI  - Studies on connective tissue metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis cases.

PMID- 1213718
TI  - HL-A distribution amongst Bengalee population.

PMID- 1213719
TI  - Alterations in urinary 17-ketosteroid levels following major and minor surgical
      operations.

PMID- 1213720
TI  - Tissue enzymes of jejunal mucosa in skin diseases.

PMID- 1213721
TI  - Yeasts in superficial mycosis. I. Incidence, isolation and characterisation.

PMID- 1213722
TI  - Nitroblue tetrazolium dye test in septic meningitis.

PMID- 1213723
TI  - A study of prealbumin in health and diseases by polyacrylamide gel disc
      electrophoresis.

PMID- 1213724
TI  - Serum glycoproteins in patients of ischemic heart disease and normal controls.

PMID- 1213725
TI  - A study of anticonvulsant activity of N-substituted derivatives of succinimides,
      thiazolidinediones and their structural congeners.

PMID- 1213726
TI  - The distribution of fluoride-containing water in Ceylon.

PMID- 1213727
TI  - A preliminary report on the neurological manifestations of Cerbera odollam
      poisoning.

PMID- 1213728
TI  - Classification of subjects as slow or rapid inactivators of isoniazid oral
      administration of a slow-release preparation of isoniazid and determination of
      the ratio of acetylisoniazid to isoniazid in urine.

PMID- 1213729
TI  - Activation of EEG by hyoscine.

PMID- 1213730
TI  - Search for antifertility agents from indigenous medicinal plants.

PMID- 1213731
TI  - Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in infants and children.

PMID- 1213732
TI  - The association between taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and
      diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1213733
TI  - Studies on dengue in Bangalore city: isolation of virus from man and mosquitoes.

PMID- 1213734
TI  - Leucocytic alterations in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

PMID- 1213735
TI  - Creeping epithelium of the human anal canal.

PMID- 1213736
TI  - A multivariate approach in assessment of factors on opinion on family size.

PMID- 1213737
TI  - The oesophageal electrocardiogram in normal Indian subjects.

PMID- 1213738
TI  - A comparative quantitative evaluation of VDRL and Treponema pallidum
      haemagglutination tests.

PMID- 1213739
TI  - Biochemical assessment of vitamin nutritional status and inter-relationship
      between vitamins.

PMID- 1213740
TI  - The effects of some drugs of the phenothiazide group on human chromosomes in
      vitro.

PMID- 1213741
TI  - Influence of intraventricular administration of norepinephrine, dopamine and 5
      hydroxytryptamine on motor activity of rats.

PMID- 1213742
TI  - Diphenoxylate hydrochloride (Lomotil) in the management of cholera.

PMID- 1213743
TI  - The use of Nagarjunasagar canal water in the control of fluorosis in Andhra
      Pradesh--a preliminary study.

PMID- 1213744
TI  - Cyclophosphamide induced dysmelia in chick embryos.

PMID- 1213745
TI  - Biological properties of reovirus type 3 isolated from laboratory mice.

PMID- 1213746
TI  - Renal vein obstruction and hypertension (an experimental study in dogs).

PMID- 1213747
TI  - Effect of dietary riboflavin levels and phenobarbital pretreatment on hepatic
      drug metabolizing enzymes and lipid peroxidation in young male rats.

PMID- 1213748
TI  - Effect of protein malnutrition on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in adult male
      and female rats.

PMID- 1213749
TI  - Serum haptoglobins in health and disease.

PMID- 1213750
TI  - Bacterial flora and the diabetic skin.

PMID- 1213751
TI  - Candida albicans infection in alloxan induced diabetic mice.

PMID- 1213752
TI  - Interaction between protein and folate status on the cellular development in the
      fetal rat.

PMID- 1213753
TI  - Halophilic vibrios from fish and meat in Calcutta.

PMID- 1213754
TI  - New technique of optimal placement of the tip of atrial catheter in ventriculo
      atrial shunt surgery in children.

PMID- 1213755
TI  - Serum immunoglobulins in rheumatic heart disease.

PMID- 1213756
TI  - Active immunization of women in pregnancy with two injections of adsorbed tetanus
      toxoid for prevention of tetanus neonatorum in Punjab, India.

PMID- 1213757
TI  - Growth in three anthropometric measures in Kashmiri Pandit school-going boys with
      some observations on the efficiency of mixed-longitudinal analysis of human
      growth.

PMID- 1213758
TI  - A study on the diagnostic value of the cassel group level of aspiration test.

PMID- 1213759
TI  - Studies on the basal metabolic rate--pregnant and lactating women in Varanasi.

PMID- 1213760
TI  - Chromatographic separation of sugars from untreated urine on cellulose thin
      layers.

PMID- 1213762
TI  - Standardization of reference preparations-factors influencing assay of attenuated
      polioviruses.

PMID- 1213763
TI  - Estimation of plasma oxytocinase (cystine amino peptidase) from fingerprick
      plasma.

PMID- 1213761
TI  - Physiological and biochemical studies on the effect of yogic and certain other
      exercises.

PMID- 1213764
TI  - Experimental study on mode of action of Tylophora asthmatica in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 1213766
TI  - Physiological responses of high altitude cycle race competitors to submaximal
      exercise at 3300m.

PMID- 1213765
TI  - Virological and pathological study of subacute sclerosing pan-encephalitis.

PMID- 1213767
TI  - Influence of catecholamines on the passage of intravenously infused histamine
      into liquor space in anesthetized dogs.

PMID- 1213768
TI  - Effect of stress, adrenalectomy and steroids on brain cholinesterase.

PMID- 1213769
TI  - The effect of essential oil (active principle) of Asafoetida on alimentary
      lipemia.

PMID- 1213770
TI  - A clinico-epidemiological study of perinatal mortality.

PMID- 1213771
TI  - Studies on the so-called NAG vibrios.

PMID- 1213772
TI  - Total cholesterol content of the brain and spinal cord of some freshwater fishes.

PMID- 1213773
TI  - Studies on immediate post-abortion copper "T" device.

PMID- 1213774
TI  - Role of vaginal cytology in normal and abnormal pregnancies.

PMID- 1213775
TI  - Effect of Padmasana--a yogic exercise on muscular efficiency.

PMID- 1213776
TI  - Studies on gall-stone composition II. Analysis of biliary calculi by x-ray
      diffraction.

PMID- 1213777
TI  - Studies on gall-stone compositon--III. Study of biliary calculi by histochemical
      staining.

PMID- 1213778
TI  - Studies on gall-stone composition--IV. Analysis of gall-stones by microchemical
      methods.

PMID- 1213779
TI  - Studies on Cissus quadrangularis in experimental fracture repair: effect on
      chemical parameters in blood.

PMID- 1213781
TI  - Pelvic lymph node dosages in intracavitary radiation treatment of carcinoma
      cervix.

PMID- 1213780
TI  - Pharmacological investigations of angelecin--a tranquillosedative and
      anticonvulsant agent.

PMID- 1213782
TI  - Secretion of blood group specific substances in gastric fluid.

PMID- 1213783
TI  - Transmission of Kyasanur Forest Disease virus by Haemaphysalis kyasanurensis
      trapido, Hoogstraal and Rajagopalan, 1964 (Acarina: Ixodidae).

PMID- 1213784
TI  - A case of bisalbuminaemia: studies on the albumin variant.

PMID- 1213786
TI  - Significance of serum lactic dehydrogenase enzyme in hepatic amoebiasis.

PMID- 1213785
TI  - Comparison of streptozyme test with ASO in rheumatic fever.

PMID- 1213787
TI  - Anti-inflammatory and related activities of some recently synthesized thiamine
      derivatives: an experimental study.

PMID- 1213788
TI  - Histoplasma capsulatum in the soil of Gangetic Plain in India.

PMID- 1213789
TI  - Effect of hypomagnesemia on ouabain-induced cardiac arrhythmias in dogs.

PMID- 1213790
TI  - Investigations into an outbreak of hepatitis in parts of western India.

PMID- 1213791
TI  - Effect of rapid lowering of blood pressure on renal function in hypertensives
      with renal failure.

PMID- 1213792
TI  - Hepatitis B antigen in sporadic acute viral hepatitis.

PMID- 1213793
TI  - Study of immunoglobulins in human amniotic fluid.

PMID- 1213794
TI  - Urinary steroid hormone patterns: I. Random levels in Indian women with normal
      and abnormal reproductive functions.

PMID- 1213795
TI  - Urinary steroid hormone patterns: II. Serial measurements in normally
      menstruating Indian women.

PMID- 1213796
TI  - Qualitative assessment of acoustical properties in preserved human tympanic
      membranes.

PMID- 1213797
TI  - Germinal centre and plasma cell reaction of the thymus in rheumatic heart
      disease.

PMID- 1213798
TI  - Serum glycoprotein levels and diseases: an evaluation.

PMID- 1213799
TI  - Studies on the effect of some antitumour antibiotics on mouse fibrosarcoma.

PMID- 1213800
TI  - Serum immunoglobulins G, A and M in Tibetans.

PMID- 1213801
TI  - Studies on the effect of some yogic breathing exercises (Pranayams) in normal
      persons.

PMID- 1213802
TI  - A comparative study on the effect of some individual yogic practices in normal
      persons.

PMID- 1213803
TI  - A comparative evaluation of rapid hemagglutination and discontinuous
      immunoelectro-osmophoresis methods for the detection of hepatitis B-antigen.

PMID- 1213804
TI  - Studies on bacteriology of cholera infection in Varanasi.

PMID- 1213805
TI  - Quantitative estimation of plasma fibrinogen by turbidity with heat.

PMID- 1213806
TI  - Intrahepatic pattern of the biliary ducts and their major variations.

PMID- 1213807
TI  - Secretion of exocrine pancreatic enzymes in patients with tropical sprue,
      following stimulation by a test meal.

PMID- 1213808
TI  - Observations on the re-establishment of Aedes aegypti population in Poona city
      and suburbs, Maharashtra State, India.

PMID- 1213809
TI  - Studies on physicochemical and biological properties of two ungrouped
      arboviruses: Minnal and Arkonam.

PMID- 1213810
TI  - Hepatitis-B antigen in professional blood donors at AIIMS hospital.

PMID- 1213811
TI  - Lesions by hepatitis-B antigen-containing sera in tobacco plants (Nicotiana
      tabaccum variety xanthi).

PMID- 1213812
TI  - Measurement of tetanus immunity in army personnel.

PMID- 1213813
TI  - Inhibitor of calcium oxalate crystallisation in urine of normals and stone
      formers.

PMID- 1213814
TI  - Primary lymphoma of spleen (a case report).

PMID- 1213815
TI  - Malignant mesothelioma of peritoneum. Report of two cases.

PMID- 1213816
TI  - Renal amyloidosis in the buffalo (a case report).

PMID- 1213817
TI  - What's your diagnosis?

PMID- 1213818
TI  - Coronary atherosclerosis in North Karnatka.

PMID- 1213819
TI  - Colpocytologic evaluation of intrauterine death.

PMID- 1213820
TI  - Respiratory virus infections in India.

PMID- 1213821
TI  - Respiratory virus infections in Delhi and neighbouring areas.

PMID- 1213822
TI  - Epidemiology of influenza in Bombay.

PMID- 1213823
TI  - An epidemiological study of influenza--antibodies in the human population of
      Pondicherry area.

PMID- 1213824
TI  - Some reflections on the studies in influenza at the W. H. O. Influenza Centre,
      Coonoor.

PMID- 1213825
TI  - Antigenic variation amongst influenza virus type C.

PMID- 1213826
TI  - Editorial: Delivery of health care to children.

PMID- 1213827
TI  - Electrolyte and acid base problems in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in infancy.

PMID- 1213828
TI  - Management of bronchial asthma in children.

PMID- 1213829
TI  - Some aspects of constructing physical growth standards.

PMID- 1213830
TI  - Placental alterations in relation to maternal socio-economic status.

PMID- 1213831
TI  - Erythrokinetics using 51Cr in cirrhosis of liver in childhood.

PMID- 1213832
TI  - Reactions to adsorbed triple vaccine.

PMID- 1213834
TI  - A study of 75 cases of neonatal jaundice.

PMID- 1213833
TI  - A study of immunisation status of children in a defined urban population.

PMID- 1213835
TI  - Bronchial foreign bodies: review of 56 cases.

PMID- 1213836
TI  - A retrospective study of 800 families: tubectomised vasectomised under the family
      planning programme.

PMID- 1213837
TI  - Systemic bone disease associated with low serum copper levels in preterm low
      birth weight twin infants.

PMID- 1213839
TI  - Methodology of data collection for infant mortality.

PMID- 1213838
TI  - A model for health monitoring of rural pre-school children.

PMID- 1213840
TI  - Child health & welfare services for children in Mexico.

PMID- 1213841
TI  - Thalassemia major with hypertriglyceridemia.

PMID- 1213842
TI  - Bird headed dwarf (Seckel's syndrome).

PMID- 1213843
TI  - Congenital sacral dermal sinus: a case report.

PMID- 1213844
TI  - Indonesian program enrolls 3 million in 3 years; 84% of new acceptors chose the
      pill or IUD.

PMID- 1213845
TI  - Pill users protected from benign breast ills, run no increased risk of breast
      cancer.

PMID- 1213846
TI  - Disengagement theory revisited.
AB  - Cumming and Henry erected the basic frame for a socio-cultural theory of normal
      aging in their 1961 book, Growing Old. The basic postulates of this theory are
      reviewed, and the overall structure of the theory briefly examined. Critical data
      necessary either to accept or reject disengagement theory are not yet available,
      although useful information has been gathered since the theory first appeared.
      Part of the difficulty in amassing "proof" or "disproof" is inherent in the
      intricate and complex nature of the aging process itself. This orienting paper
      introduced a set of contributtions by other commentators on disengagement theory.

PMID- 1213847
TI  - Engagement with an old theory.
AB  - The co-author of Disengagement Theory restates the central propositions, suggests
      new studies that might test its usefulness, and examines some of the controversy
      that has been generated over the years either by the theory itself or the context
      in which it was set forth. The four key propositions focus upon decreasing life
      space with advancing age, the individual's own anticipation and participation in
      this process, a change in style of interaction, and the momentum of the
      disengagement process once it has begun. Although some useful research has been
      done, the theory remains poorly operationalized and largely untested. A measure
      of life space variety is proposed, and attention also directed to neuro
      physiological findings. Several misunderstandings and misapplications of
      Disengagement Theory are discussed, including the erroneous idea that disengaged
      people necessarily are either higher or lower in morale than others, and the
      unenlightening controversy over "activity versus disengagement."

PMID- 1213848
TI  - The meaning of engagement.
AB  - A distinction should be made between disengagement as a means of conceptualizing
      and as a means of explaining changes that take place with aging. The author is
      critical of those aspects of Disengagement Theory that emphasize inevitability,
      determinism, the separation of the individual from society, and the "crucial
      phase" model of development. An alternative viewpoint is sketched from the
      interactional analysis approach. Attention is given to the constant
      reinterpretation of self and situation, with consequent modification of actions.
      The facts of Disengagement Theory as seen from this perspective take on new
      meaning. Age-related changes are the outcome of the social circumstances within
      which they take place, along with the cultural values operating in that context.

PMID- 1213849
TI  - The orchestration of disengagement.
AB  - In the clamor of many institutional and special interest "orchestras," it is
      possible to lose sight of their common object of concern-human welfare and
      dignity. In the sphere of scientific endeavor, this problem can show itself as a
      mistaken attempt to separate theory from technique and practice. Disclaimers that
      Disengagement Theory is "only a theory," not a policy statement, are regarded
      here as inaccurate and naive when the effects of the theory are examined. Other
      areas of criticism pertain to activity-passivity dynamics, the appreciation of
      coping behavior in later life, and, in general, the inadequate representation
      within Disengagement Theory of the full spectrum of experience, behavior, and
      dynamics, both personal and social, in the lives of elderly people.

PMID- 1213850
TI  - A disengaged look at Disengagement Theory.
AB  - This paper suggests that Disengagement Theory can be used as a theory of the
      middle-range, but not as a general theory about normal aging. This proposition is
      supported by an examination of key concepts, postulates and methods used to
      formulate the theory. By use of phenemological notions, we can see the concept of
      disengagement forces us to pay attention to the subjective meanings of aging
      people. It is necessary to disengage from the core statements of the theory and
      engage in a search for new methods to study the lived experiences of human beings
      in order to further our understandings of the processes of growing old.

PMID- 1213851
TI  - Provision of on-site services in retirement housing.
AB  - The present paper addresses the question of on-site supportive services in
      retirement housing facilities for the well-elderly. Six hundred residents were
      interviewed, 100 at each of six widely varied sites in California: retirement
      hotel, urban highrise apartments, life-care home, and three retirement villages.
      Data were also collected on 600 matched controls in age-integrated housing.
      Questions were asked pertaining to caring for health needs, desire for counseling
      services, and expected support in crises. Results showed for the most part a good
      match between personal needs and environmental provisions. However, at one site
      considerable insecurity was expressed with regard to medical provisions and
      support in crises, and a desire was expressed for counseling services. There was
      no evidence of an erosion of independence at the sites where services are
      provided.

PMID- 1213853
TI  - Change and sameness in personality development: unwarranted conclusions.
AB  - A recent paper by Haan and Day reports personality characteristics displaying
      change and sameness during the course of a longitudinal study. The personality
      characteristics had been classified according to statistical criteria following
      which the personality qualities within each category were interpreted. Thus the
      usefulness of the interpretation depends upon the basis for classification of the
      personality characteristics. The present note calls attention to three
      fundamental statistical errors in the Haan and Day classification scheme, errors
      which influence dramatically and adversely the consequent interpretations.

PMID- 1213852
TI  - Cognitive abilities: use of family data as a control to assess sex and age
      differences in two ethnic groups.
AB  - Four cognitive factors were extracted from test data obtained on 997 families
      (3,268 individuals) in Hawaii. Factor loading profiles for the two largest ethnic
      groups (Caucasians and Japanese) are nearly identical, as are profiles for three
      different age groups. Age curves are presented for factor scores and for four
      specific cognitive tests. The younger respondents on the age curves are
      biological offspring of older respondents represented on the same curves,
      facilitating an unusual control for between-family variance. When the data were
      stratified by ethnicity, differential rates of cognitive development were
      indicated.

PMID- 1213854
TI  - A strategy of approaching the fit of a compartmental model applied to the
      behaviour of aspirins in humans.
AB  - A compartmental model has been set up with five parts. Formulation and testing of
      the model have been performed by simultaneous experiments involving measurement
      of blood levels of ASA and SA for four different preparations of aspirin
      investigated in four different patients. The hypotheses of the present study had
      been based upon a four-compartment model. However, such a model did not appear to
      be adequate and a new model with five compartments has been substituted for the
      former one. The five-compartment model has led to the formulation and testing of
      new physiological hypotheses; it has also provided the development of a fitting
      method using powerful convergence algorithms. A general analytical formulation
      has been set up which has made it possible to circumscribe the multiple roots of
      the characteristic polynomial when they have to be taken into consideration.

PMID- 1213855
TI  - Trend detection of pseudo-random variables using a exponentially mapped past
      statistical approach: an adjunct to computer assisted monitoring.
AB  - The early detection of deterioration in a patient depends on recognising trends:
      a capability poorly developed in monitor systems. Using exponentially mapped past
      (EMP) statistical variables, it has been proved that the difference between two
      EMP means is a function of only one variable, trend of input. Some of the signal
      variance appears on the difference signal, and so interpretation depends on a
      statistical approach based on knowledge of the normal variability of the
      monitored variable. The programs developed and built in a dedicated form utilise
      parallel hybrid computation of continuous data, but the principles are equally
      applicable to digital techniques with discrete data.

PMID- 1213856
TI  - Kinematics of spontaneous breathing: the ventilatory system as a non-linear
      oscillator.
AB  - The kinematics of spontaneous breathing at rest and during moderate exercise is
      described exactly by a non-linear differential equation, the parameters of which
      are determined by observation with a pneumotachograph. Analogue circuits are used
      for the determination of the coefficients and for the comparison by
      superimposition of the actual spirogram with its simulation. The ventilatory
      system, taken as a whole and without any assumption concerning its structure,
      works as a non-linear oscillator. If the classical distinction between a passive
      and an active ventilatory system is accepted, the concept of a linear equivalent
      of a non-linear oscillator is valid for the description of the properties of the
      passive system. It affords some of the advantages of linear mechanics and
      indicates the restrictions put upon the use of a linear hypothesis. The role of
      the different terms in determining the pattern of breathing is displayed and the
      correlation of scale factors with body size is shown. The physiological meaning
      of the components of muscle action is discussed.

PMID- 1213857
TI  - [A system for studying the receptive field of visual neurons].

PMID- 1213858
TI  - Mechanisms of memory in learning automata.
AB  - If neural activity is modelled within an automaton framework, neural processes
      may be conveniently described in terms of state trajectories. Mechanisms of
      memory are investigated in such a model and it is shown how short-term and long
      term storage may be explained in terms of simple and interrelated feedback
      configurations.

PMID- 1213859
TI  - [Neurophysiologic application of a system for the study of simple and multiple
      time series analyses].
AB  - By means of the most used methods at present of time series analysis, the authors
      describe a modular package allowing a non-specialised user to process by himself
      experimental results. Probability sets may be calculated, drawn and statistically
      tested from direct or transformed data. The use of this package is made easier by
      means of an automation table which chooses the necessary parameters and memorises
      responses so as to avoid superfluous problems. The FORTRAN IV coded program is
      run on a PDP 10 under time-sharing for the analysis of the data concerning action
      potentials in neurophysiology.

PMID- 1213860
TI  - A computer program for deriving the rate equations of enzyme catalysed reactions
      with unbranched mechanisms.
AB  - This paper describes a simple program for a desk-top computer which determines
      the relative concentrations of enzyme-containing intermediates appearing in an
      enzyme catalysed reaction where the intermediates lie in an unbranched sequence
      originating and terminating in one enzyme intermediate. This information, the
      distribution function, then gives the rate equation by the usual means (Wong and
      Hanes, 1962). The method is rapid and has the advantage that the distribution
      function may be presented in its complete form or in terms of its dependence on
      the concentration of the substrates and products. It is also possible to
      determine the effects of dead-end inhibition.

PMID- 1213861
TI  - Hypothesis processing as a new tool to aid managers of mental health agencies in
      serving long-term regional interests.
AB  - Mental health planning is partly a political process, involving the articulation
      of the long-range interests of a regional community, formation of consensus among
      key people and the appropriate investment of authority, power and responsibility.
      Conflicts between the short-term self-interests of planners and the long-term
      general interest usually arise. This paper claims that it is feasible to increase
      the expected number of cases in which a region's longer-term interest is served
      without radical changes in existing planning processes or ideologies. The means
      for doing this are new kinds of information systems that serve planners as tools
      to increase their awareness about assumptions, hypotheses and problem
      representations. The conceptual and technological bases for developing such
      systems stem from progress in artificial intelligence in the direction of
      hypothesis-processing algorithms. The proposed application to mental health
      planning is described. Arguments are presented to show how the use of such tools
      would increase the likelihood that longer-term regional interest are served.

PMID- 1213862
TI  - New aspects of the tolerance of retinol in humans.
AB  - A review is given of the evaluation of 517 cases of acute vitamin A intoxication
      and chronic hypervitaminosis A. Whereas acute vitamin A intoxication has lost
      numerical importance during the past 15 years, chronic hypervitaminosis-A,
      especially that caused by self-medication, has provoked world-wide discussion
      concerning the safety of retinol intake. Evaluation of the 132 cases of chronic
      hypervitaminosis-A showed that approximately one quarter cannot be considered as
      genuine cases, whereas the rest is divided almost equally between vitamin A
      prescription and self-medication. A significant positive correlation could be
      shown between the dose administered and the duration of treatment. Moreover, with
      comparable doses the symptoms of chronic hypervitaminosis-A appear significantly
      earlier (by a factor of 6) after emulsified or equivalent preparations than after
      oily emulsions because of their better absorbability. As soon as the liver
      vitamin A storage capacity is exhausted, hypervitaminosis-A symptoms appear and
      the liver vitamin A concentration is at least 10-fold the normal. The calculated
      vitamin A concentration in the liver of the individual cases of hypervitaminosis
      A is highly correlated with the daily intake of vitamin A per kg of body-weight
      and its duration.

PMID- 1213863
TI  - Incorporation of labelled retinol in bovine spermatazoa. II. Effect of calcium,
      magnesium, potassium and sodium on the incorporation, in vitro.
AB  - A study of the effect of different concentrations of the bulk cations, calcium,
      magnesium, potassium and sodium, as additives, on the incorporation of 3H retinol
      in bovine spermatozoa, in vitro, is described. Five different levels of these
      cations were chosen and added separately. It was found that maximum incorporation
      of vitamin A was obtained by the addition of (mg/100 ml): Ca++ 34, Mg++18, K+432
      and Na+164.5, to the incubating medium.

PMID- 1213864
TI  - Influence of vitamin A on formation and excretion of end products of nitrogen
      catabolism in chicks.
AB  - The effect of vitamin A deprivation at different stages, and of dosing with
      different levels of the vitamin of some parameters of protein catabolism was
      examined in chicks. Plasma uric acid and plasma urea were increased in vitamin A
      deficiency. Dosing with vitamin A caused a decrease in the plasma uric acid
      concentration only in deficient chicks which received the higher dosing level
      (3000 mug retinol equivalent), whereas plasma urea concentration increased in all
      cases after dosing. Nitrogen retention and uric acid excretion were not changed
      in chicks in the first stages of vitamin A deficiency, but excretion of urea was
      increased in comparison to pair fed chicks. Liver xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH)
      and kidney arginase were both increased even in the first stages of vitamin A
      deficiency. The increase in XDH activity was shown to be partially due to the
      stress of overnight fat caused by pair feeding, whereas this factor had no part
      in the increase of the kidney orginase. Dosing with vitamin A had almost no
      effect on the plasma vitamin A of chicks fed a high dietary level of the vitamin
      (9000 mug/kg) while there was a clear response in control chicks (fed 900 mug/kg)
      or deficient ones.

PMID- 1213865
TI  - Coenzyme Q deficiency in mice following infection with Friend leukemia virus.
AB  - The specific activities of the succinate dehydrogenase-coenzyme Q reductase were
      assayed on mitochondrial preparations of this enzyme from spleen, liver, blood
      and peritoneal macrophages of mice infected with Friend leukemia virus, and of
      control mice. Significant increases in the deficiency of coenzyme Q-enzyme
      activity were found in the spleen and blood of infected animals as the infection
      progressed. No significant deficiency was observed in the liver or the peritoneal
      macrophages. The development of the deficiency and splenomegaly during infection
      seemingly correlate with previous data which showed that administration of
      coenzyme Q resulted in a reversal of splenomegaly and a reduction in mortality. A
      limiting factor in the resistance of mice to Friend leukemia virus appears to be
      the availability of coenzyme Q.

PMID- 1213866
TI  - The effects of vitamin E deficiency on some enzymes of steroid hormone
      biosynthesis.
AB  - The effect of vitamin E deficiency on three enzyme systems involved in
      steroidogenesis was investigated. No change was found in vitro activity of
      cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme in adrenal or testicular tissue, or of 11
      beta-hydroxylase activity in adrenal tissue. Significantly less 3-beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was found in ovarian tissue from female
      rats given a diet deficient in vitamin E for 141 days, and in testicular tissue
      and adrenal glands from male rats given the deficient diet for 280 days.
      Testicular tissue from male rats given the deficient diet for 91 days showed
      considerably less 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity than did tissue
      from control rats, but the difference was not statistically significant.

PMID- 1213867
TI  - Electrocortical activity characteristic of vitamin B6 deficiency in the rat.
AB  - Vitamin B6 deficiency is characterized by a variety of changes in the central
      nervous system. Weanling male white rats, fed different levels of pyridoxine for
      60 days, showed consistent differences in both amplitude and frequency of their
      electrocortical activity. The more deficient animals displayed higher EEG
      voltages and a higher dominant frequency. These two effects were systematically
      related to pyridoxine intake and provided similar dose-response curves. The
      nutritional requirement for vitamin B6, as estimated from the EEG data, was in
      good agreement with that estimated from growth response data.

PMID- 1213868
TI  - [Activity studies of an iron-vitamin B6 preparation for euteral treatment of iron
      deficiency anemia].
AB  - In 17 respectively 15 children with iron deficiency anemia the effect of a
      combined orally applicated iron-vitamin B6 therapy and iron therapy only was
      studied. Pyridoxal phosphate, activities of pyridoxal kinase and red cell GOT,
      and excretion of 4-pyridoxic acid in urine were measured as indices of vitamin B6
      nutriture before therapy was started, on the 3rd and 6th day with therapy and on
      the 1st and 4th day after therapy was stopped. Red cells, concentration of
      hemoglobin, reticulocytes and hematokrit were simultaneously counted, whereas
      serum iron had been measured once only before therapy. A group of 22
      hematologically healthy children was studied as controls. After iron therapy a
      decrease of vitamin B6 nutriture occured as a consequence of an increased
      requirement for pyridoxal phosphate for heme synthesis. Additional vitamin B6 was
      followed by a normal vitamin B6 nutriture and a significantly accelerating effect
      on heme synthesis.

PMID- 1213869
TI  - The amino acid composition of the oviduct of the folic acid-treated and the
      folate-deficienct, oestrogen-treated immature domestic fowl.
AB  - Two experiments are described in which the effect of folate deficiency on the
      amino aicd content of the oviduct of oestrogen-treated, folic acid-treated and
      folate-deficient, immature domestic fowl is investigated. Oviducts from non
      oestrogen treated, folic acid-treated and folate deficient birds are also
      compared. A third experiment was carried out in which the effect of folate
      deficiency on the amino acid composition of the five oviduct sections was
      examined. An attempt has been made to explain the differences in oviduct amino
      acid composition in terms of amino acid metabolism and the degree of structural
      development of the oviduct. It is concluded that folate is most essential for the
      response of oviduct tissue to oestrogen stimulation in areas where a specialised
      secretory function is involved. No direct evidence was obtained to indicate that
      the function of folate in glycine-serine interconversion or methionine
      regeneration was significant in the inhibition of oestrogen-stimulated oviduct
      growth.

PMID- 1213870
TI  - Influence of lead administration on L-ascorbic acid metabolism in rats: effect of
      L-ascorbic acid supplementation.
AB  - 1. Lead toxicated rats became severely anaemic which could be recovered to a
      considerable extent by simultaneous supplementation of L-ascorbic acid to these
      rats. 2. The concentrations of L-ascorbic acid in the liver tissues and in the
      urine of the toxicated rats were increased significantly while that in the kidney
      tissues was markedly reduced and supplementation of L-ascorbic acid to the
      toxicated rats could not raise appreciably this reduced L-ascorbic acid level in
      the kidney tissues. 3. The kidney of rats maintained on lead supplemented basal
      diet were enlarged significantly; the normal histological pattern of the kidney
      tissues was severely disturbed under the experimental condition exhibited by
      cellular necrosis and membrane rupture. 4. In the liver tissues of lead toxicated
      rats, the rate of L-ascorbic acid synthesis was enhanced and this was brought to
      the basal level by supplementation of L-ascorbic acid. Synthesis of L-xylulose in
      the kidney tissues of rats was drastically reduced under lead toxicosis and
      administration of L-ascorbic acid to the toxicated animals could not protect this
      effect.

PMID- 1213871
TI  - A nutritional survey in the elderly: blood and urine vitamin levels.
AB  - In this survey of vitamin levels in 93 acute geriatric admissions to hospital,
      none had a completely normal nutritional profile. Twenty-two patients had over
      50% of test abnormal and for all patients the average % of abnormal tests was
      29%. The most common abnormalities were albumin, leucocyte vitamin C, vitamin E,
      carotene and nicotinic acid where over 50% of patients had abnormal results.
      Transferrin and vitamin A levels were abnormal in over 30% of patients while
      there was little evidence for riboflavin or thiamine malnutrition. It is
      postulated that an inadequate dietary intake, due to disease or to physical and
      mental deterioration was the most likely cause of these multiple nutritional
      abnormalities.

PMID- 1213872
TI  - Blood serotonin in schizophrenic children. A preliminary study.
AB  - Blood serotonin levels were measured in schizophrenic children, all of whom
      showed manifestations of illness in the first 2 years of life, and controls.
      Serotonin levels were higher in patients (mean = 0.267 mug/ml) than in controls
      (mean = 0.218 mug/ml), although the difference did not reach statistical
      significance. Serotonin levels were significantly higher in patients with florid
      psychosis and those with lower IQs than in patients in remission or partial
      remission or higher IQs.

PMID- 1213873
TI  - Purification and chemical studies on rat urinary kallikrein.
AB  - A highly purified kallikrein was obtained from rat urine by chromatography on DE
      32 cellulose, affinity chromatography on Bio-gel P-200-Aprotinin and gel
      filtration over Sephadex G-100 coarse and superfine. A molecular weight of 32,000
      by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis was estimated.
      The aminoacid composition and the esterase activity of the purified material were
      determined. Biological characterization of the purified kallikrein was tested by
      liberation of a kinin from rat plasma kininogen, by direct action on the isolated
      rat uterus and by the lowering of rat arterial pressure after intravenous
      injection of the enzyme. The preparation of insoluble derivative of Aprotinin is
      described herein. The polymer used as insoluble support (Bio-gel P-200) was
      before changed to its corresponding azide, which reacts with Aprotinin; the
      product maintained the binding property of the Aprotinin with urinary kallikrein.

PMID- 1213874
TI  - Urinary trypsin-inhibitor: extraction from pregnancy urine by affinity
      chromatography.
AB  - Affinity chromatography has led to the extraction of a trypsin inhibitor from
      urines of pregnant women, with a recovery of about 85%. The inhibitor obtained by
      this method is fairly pure, but heterogeneous, according to several criteria. The
      heterogeneity is not the result of the extraction procedure, but it seems to pre
      exist in the urine itself.

PMID- 1213875
TI  - Subcellular localization of renin and kallikrein in rat kidney.
AB  - The subcellular localization of renin and kallikrein in rat kidney cortex
      homogenate was investigated using both differential and density gradient
      centrifugation techniques. Highest specific activity of renin was found in the
      heavy mitochondrial fraction. Mitochondrial localization of renin was further
      supported by the behaviour of succinic dehydrogenase. By differential
      centrifugation, highest specific activity of kallikrein was found in the light
      mitochondrial fraction, while by density gradient centrifugation kallikrein was
      almost completely recovered in the lysosomal fraction. Lysosomal localization of
      kallikrein is further supported by the behaviour of acid phosphatase. The
      different subcellular localizations of renin and kallikrein are confirmed and the
      suggestion that kallikrein is located in the lysosomes is advanced.

PMID- 1213876
TI  - 6-(14C)-orotate uptake and rna synthesis by liver from thyroidectomized rats
      treated with 3,5,3'-triiodo-1-thyronine (t3).
AB  - It has been shown that T3 administration to thyroidectomized rats induces a
      marked increase of the in vivo labelling of liver nuclear RNA by 6-[14C]-orotic
      acid and, although to a lesser extent, of the radioactivity of the acid-soluble
      fraction. Therefore, in evaluating the real increase in RNA synthesis induced by
      T3 administration it has been taken into account that the hormone stimulates the
      uptake of the labelled precursor by the liver and enhances the specific activity
      of the nucleoside and nucleotide pool. The greater penetration of orotate into
      the liver does not depend on the increased RNA synthesis since it is not
      prevented by the administration of actinomycin D which markedly inhibits the
      transcriptional process. These findings indicate that the increased uptake of
      orotate and the stimulation of RNA synthesis represent distinct effects of the
      thyroid hormone on its target tissue.

PMID- 1213877
TI  - Studies on the photosensitizing properties of angelicin, an angular furocoumarin
      forming only monofunctional adducts with the pyrimidine bases of DNA.
AB  - The bioligical photosensitizing properties of furocoumarins are due to the
      formation of adducts with the pyrimidine bases of DNA under irradiation with long
      wavelength ultraviolet light. The greatest importance is attributed to the
      difunctional adducts, which form cross-linkings between the 2 strands of DNA. As
      angelicin, photoreacting with DNA, forms only monofunctional adducts, and
      therefore no cross-linkings, its photosensitizing properties have been studied in
      order to evaluate the ability of monofunctional adducts to produce biological
      effects. The results obtained studying the inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein
      synthesis in Ehrlich ascite tumor cells after irradiation in the presence of
      angelicin and psoralen (for a comparison), and the inhibition of the ability of
      identically treated cells to transmit the tumor showed a remarkable ability of
      monofunctional adducts to produce biological effects.

PMID- 1213878
TI  - Fromation and stoichiometry of a lysozyme-phospholipid-mitochondrial protein
      ternary complex.
AB  - Mitochondrial membranes reconstituted from lipid-depleted mitochondria and
      aqueous phospholipid dispersions still have the phospholipid negative charges
      available for ionic interaction with the basic protein, lysozyme. The
      stoichiometry of the binding is of about 6 nmoles of lysozyme per 100 nmoles of
      phospholipid in membranes reconstituted with Asolectin, and of 10 nmoles of
      phospholipid phosphorus in membranes reconstituted with cardiolipin. Unextracted
      submitochondrial particles ETP also bind lysozyme (about 3 nmoles per 100 nmoles
      of phospholipid). These observations indicate that the phospholipid anionic
      groups are not completely shielded by the mitochondrial proteins, which might
      occupy areas between the nonpolar groups of the lipid molecules.

PMID- 1213880
TI  - Nucleolar and nucleoplasmic RNA polymerase activity in different regions of rat
      brain during postnatal development.
AB  - RNA polymerase activities of whole nuclei, of isolated and purified nucleoli and
      of the nucleoplasmic fractions obtained from cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and
      brain stem of rat at different days of postnatal development have been
      determined. In the whole nuclei the fraction of RNA polymerase which is sensitive
      to alpha-amanitin, is strongly affected by salt concentration; at low ionic
      strength most of the activity is resistant to the drug while at high ionic
      strength the enzymatic activity shows a greater sensitivity to the drug. In
      isolated nucleoli RNA synthesis is not inhibited at all by alpha-amanitin. The
      biosynthesis of RNA, at low ionic strength, is inhibited by low doses of
      actinomycin D, whereas at high ionic strength it is remarkably inhibited only by
      higher doses of the drug. The sensitivity of the reaction to alpha-amanitin and
      actinomycin D provide good evidence that UTP or GTP incorporation into RNA in
      purified nuclei and nucleoli, is dependent on RNA polymerases acting on DNA
      template and is not dependent on homopolymer formation. These results show that
      in the whole brain nuclei at low ionic strength there is a preferential synthesis
      of rRNA, whereas at high ionic strength the synthesis of heterogenous RNA
      predominates. In isolated nucleoli the synthesis of RNA is restricted to rRNA.

PMID- 1213879
TI  - Immunoglobulin secretion by mouse myeloma cells; involvement of an energy
      requiring step.
AB  - The process of Immunoglobulin secretion has been extensively studied but the
      cellular mechanisms underlying assembly and transport of these molecules are
      still poorly understood. Evicence is presented in this paper for the presence, in
      the secretory pathway of mouse myeloma cells, of an energy requiring step, as
      indicated by the strong inhibition of Immunoglobulin secretion by a variety of
      respiratory chain inhibitors and of oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers.

PMID- 1213881
TI  - [Rare melanocytes and nevus-cell nevi].
AB  - This review considers the following melanocytic and nevocytic nevi: nevus spilus,
      cellular blue nevus, benign juvenile melanoma, mongolian spot and nevus of Ota.
      Clinical aspects, histopathology and prognosis are outlined, based on data from
      the recent literature.

PMID- 1213882
TI  - [Is the lupus miliaris disseminatus of tuberculous origin?].
AB  - Lupus miliaris disseminatus is differentiated from tuberculosis and from the
      group of tuberculids on the basis of clinical observations, laboratory data and
      therapeutical results of the past 20 years. Histopathology, frequent recurrences
      and dissemination provide evidences for the allergic etiology of lupus miliaris
      disseminatus. Treatment with tetracyclines is effective.

PMID- 1213883
TI  - [Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia].
AB  - This paper reports a family with typical features of hidrotic ectodermal
      dysplasia (h.e.d.). Although some members of the family showed phenotypical
      similarities to anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, there is no doubt about the
      classification of this disorder into hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia because of its
      manifest symptomatology (hypo- and dystrichosis deformity of nails, autosomal
      dominant heredity, normal sweating). This suggests that the phenotypical
      similarities are obvious and important findings of h.e.d.

PMID- 1213884
TI  - [Chronic percutaneous salicylic acid poisoning].
AB  - The uncontrolled, long-term (18 months), widespread (almost 3/4 total body skin
      surface), application of a concentrated (10%) salicylic acid ointment in a 62
      year old psoriatic female led to chronic percutaneous salicylism. Salicylic acid
      levels in the urine (200 mg %) and serum (223 mg %), the highest values ever
      recorded in this type of intoxication, contrasted with the discrete clinical
      picture. The acute and chronic percutaneous salicylism is discussed with a review
      of the literature. It is warned against the uncontrolled use of topicals
      containing salicylic acid.

PMID- 1213885
TI  - [Dermatome excision of multiple basaliomas of the trunk skin].
AB  - Superficial basal cell carcinomas of the trunk may be removed by dermatome
      excision. The procedure following the usual excision of a split-skin graft with a
      thickness of 0,6 mm. Histological control of the tumor excision is possible when
      the split-skin graft, including the tumor, is rolled before sectioning. In this
      way the adequate tumor removal, both in depth and at the peripheral margin, can
      be judged.

PMID- 1213887
TI  - [Letter: Skin reactions due to practolol].

PMID- 1213886
TI  - [Letter: Aurantiasis].

PMID- 1213888
TI  - [Letter: Therapy of the oligospermia].

PMID- 1213889
TI  - [The simultaneous occurrence of psoriasis, sarcoidosis and gout. Report of 3
      cases].
AB  - The author reports three further cases of simultaneous occurence of psoriasis,
      sarcoidosis and gout, additionally to the hitherto known observations. The
      occurence of gout is questionable in this connection, relevant seems to be only
      the coincidence of psoriasis and gout. A probable causal connection is discussed.
      This could theorectically be due to a common genetic sphere, to similar
      pathophysiological principles or to an alternatively manifestation of each other.

PMID- 1213890
TI  - [Penetration and side effects of local estrogen application in alopecia
      androgenetica].
AB  - In 30 male patients aged 17-37 with definite androgenetic ("male pattern")
      alopecia (AA, telogen hair rate greater than 20%) the total urinary estrogen
      level was estimated before and after topical treatment: In 18 patients estrogen
      in a alcoholic vehicle (0.05% dienestroldiacetate) was daily applied on the scalp
      skin; whereas 12 patients were treated with a corresponding preparation without
      estrogen and served as controls. Before treatment the average estrogen level of
      all patients with AA was 23.3 mum/24 hrs (individual data ranged from 9.4-45.6
      mum/24 hrs) and was thus slightly elevated but still within the normal range. 3
      and 6 months after treatment no significant differences of the urinary estrogen
      level were found between the controlled patients of the two groups and,
      similarly, no clinical side-effects of the estrogen application (gynecomasty
      etc.) were recorded. It seems, on the basis of this study, that a long-term
      topical treatment with estrogen does not involve considerable risks regarding
      side-effects on male adults, in contrast to children and youngsters. On the
      assumption that estrogen may be effective in AA, a local mechanism of action on
      the hair follicle is considered.

PMID- 1213891
TI  - [The effect of local treatment on the epithelization of experimental defects in
      the human skin].

PMID- 1213892
TI  - [Burkitt's lymphoma with skin infiltrates].

PMID- 1213893
TI  - [Anorectal symptom complex in zoster sacralis].
AB  - Disorder by hemorrhoids can occasionally be caused by sacral herpes zoster. Only
      exact local inspection in connection with the anamnestic statement of neuralgic
      pain as well as hurting sensations of the rectum leads to the proper diagnosis.

PMID- 1213895
TI  - [Proceedings: Variegated parakeratosis Unna-Santi-Pollitzer (parapsoriasis
      lichenoides) with transformation into mycosis fungoides].

PMID- 1213894
TI  - [Proceedings: Mycosis fungoides (infiltrative stage)].

PMID- 1213896
TI  - [Procceedings: Hereditary onycholysis mit scleronychia].

PMID- 1213897
TI  - [Proceedings: Chronic discoid lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1213898
TI  - [Proceedings: Darier's disease and psoriasis vulgaris].

PMID- 1213899
TI  - [Procceedings: Disseminated plane xanthoma].

PMID- 1213900
TI  - [Procceedings: Polyvinylchloride disease with acroscleroderma].

PMID- 1213901
TI  - [Proceedings: Sarcoidosis (Boeck's disease), large nodular form].

PMID- 1213902
TI  - [Hydrargyrosis].

PMID- 1213903
TI  - The G- and Q-band karyotype of Bohm's or Grant's zebra (Equus burchelli bohmi).

PMID- 1213904
TI  - Cytological studies in Cyprinidae (Pisces).

PMID- 1213906
TI  - Q-, G- and C-band patterns of the mink chromosomes.

PMID- 1213905
TI  - Genetics of Zoarces populations. VIII. Geographic variation common to the
      polymorphic loci HbI and EstIII.

PMID- 1213907
TI  - Extra marker chromosome in newborn children.

PMID- 1213908
TI  - [Phytotherapy - today].

PMID- 1213909
TI  - [Biological or chemical cultivation? Hopes and reality].

PMID- 1213911
TI  - [Memory, learning and knowledge transmission].

PMID- 1213910
TI  - [Pharmacotherapy of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1213912
TI  - [Syndrome of legasthenia].

PMID- 1213913
TI  - [Pedagogics of the legasthenia. From the work of the Freiburg LRS classes and
      groups].

PMID- 1213914
TI  - [Health resort treatment from the point of view of the social medicine physician.
      Indications - results - critique].

PMID- 1213915
TI  - [Chromosome aberrations in newborn infants].

PMID- 1213917
TI  - [Abnormalities syndrome in trisomy 10p].

PMID- 1213916
TI  - [Abnormalities syndrome in partial trisomy of the chromosome 13].

PMID- 1213918
TI  - [Effect of dietary fatty acids with trans-double bonds].

PMID- 1213920
TI  - [Aspirin: new effects of an old drug].

PMID- 1213919
TI  - [Vitamin K and blood coagulation].

PMID- 1213921
TI  - [Phospholipases A of the nerve tissue].

PMID- 1213923
TI  - [Hemodynamic quantification of cardiogenic shock using an index].

PMID- 1213922
TI  - [Spasmodic excitation of the cerebellum].

PMID- 1213924
TI  - [Prognosis in embolism caused by catheterization].

PMID- 1213925
TI  - [Simple diagnostic methods in atrial septal defects].

PMID- 1213926
TI  - [Oral contraceptives and liver].

PMID- 1213927
TI  - [Budd-Chiari syndrome].

PMID- 1213928
TI  - [Addison's syndrome].

PMID- 1213929
TI  - [Potential supplier of new cytostatics--the seas of the world].

PMID- 1213930
TI  - [Influence of the cytostatically effective alkaloid acronycine on the
      ultrastructure and growth behavior of tumor cells].

PMID- 1213931
TI  - [Problems of hyperuricemias in Afghanistan].

PMID- 1213932
TI  - [Recent developments in the ultrasonic diagnosis].

PMID- 1213933
TI  - [Injuries of the teeth during accidents].

PMID- 1213934
TI  - [Surgical possibilities in the prevention of pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 1213935
TI  - [Abnormal positioning of the leg, kind and time of its therapy].

PMID- 1213936
TI  - [Problem of decompression sickness].

PMID- 1213937
TI  - [Analytic milieu therapy - psychoanalytic therapy of unanalyzable patients. I].

PMID- 1213938
TI  - [Analytic milieu therapy --psychoanalytic therapy of unanalyzable patients. II].

PMID- 1213939
TI  - [Doubts as to effectiveness of health resort treatment].

PMID- 1213940
TI  - The basis of angiology. A concept of body fluid circulation.

PMID- 1213941
TI  - [The development of the guinea pig gallbladder epithelial cells. I. Light
      microscopical and carbohydrate-histochemical investigations (author's transl)].
AB  - The development of the guinea pig gallbladder epithelium was studied from the
      19th day of intrauterine life to the 31st postnatal day by means of histological
      and histochemical staining reactions. At first, the epithelium is a columnar
      pseudostratified one. Its transformation into a simple columnar eptihelium is
      terminated by the 31st day of the intrauterine life. Then the epithelial cells
      become more columnar and their nuclei acquire a basal position. Somewhat later
      the epithelium invaginates the underlying mesenchyme. Up to the 57th day the
      epithelium contains much glycogen. Neutral and carboxylated mucosubstances are
      demonstrable after the 30th day. From the 48th day onwards sulphated
      mucosubstances can be visualized in some cells in the depth of the invaginations
      and from the 51st day in the epithelial cells of the gallbladder. "Light" mucoid
      cells appear first in the epithelium of day 58. After the 6th postnatal day the
      "light" cells are rarely seen in the invaginations. The development of the
      gallbladder epithelium is completed about the 10th postnatal day. The epithelial
      mucosubstances of the gallbladder of the adult animal could be classified as GC-
      mucins and S-mucinsA, 1.0 MgCl2.

PMID- 1213942
TI  - Inhibition of the alkaline phosphatase of equine, bovine and rat neutrophilic
      leukocytes with levamisole at low concentrations.
AB  - In this light microscopic study, the inhibitory effect of levamisole on the
      alkaline phosphatase of equine, bovine and rat neutrophilic leukocytes was
      examined histochemically, using 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mM levamisole in the incubation
      mixture. Levamisole proved to be a potent inhibitor of neutrophilic alkaline
      phasphatase already at very low concentrations. Statistically significant
      differences in the rate of inhibition of the enzyme were found between the
      species examined. Some observations of the eosinophils were also made; equine
      eosinophils were found to be considerably resistant towards alkaline phosphatase
      inhibition with levamisole at the concentrations used.

PMID- 1213944
TI  - Studies about the specificity of the histochemical localization of choline
      acetyltransferase.
AB  - 1. Tissues examined for the histochemical localization of choline
      acetyltransferase are best fixed by acetone. 2. Topographical identification of
      choline acetyltransferase by its reaction products is not only substrate
      dependent because a slight staining also occurred in the absence of the
      substrates choline and acetyl-coenzyme in the incubation medium. 3. Histochemical
      localization of choline acetyltransferase was inhibited by sarin but not by DFP
      or eserine. 4. According to Burt and Silver's method cells and cell organelles,
      of which the enzymatic content is doubtful, where stained. 5. Chloroacetylcholine
      perchlorate did not inhibit the histochemical localization of choline
      acetyltransferase. 6. The staining of acetylcholinesterase showed a different
      topographical distribution although both methods were inhibited by sarin.

PMID- 1213943
TI  - Histochemical localization of acetylcholinesterase in the cerebellum and optic
      tectum of four freshwater teleosts.
AB  - A histochemical study has been carried out on the localization of
      acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the cerebellum and optic tectum of four species of
      freshwater teleosts. AChE distribution in the cerebellar cortex of teleosts shows
      differences among the species examined and, in the trout, also differences
      between different cerebellar areas. This uneven kind of enzyme distribution
      corresponds to a similar variety of AChE patterns noticed in other vertebrates,
      especially mammals. AChE distribution in the optic tectum shows a prevalent
      pattern characterized by precise laminar distribution of enzymatic activity which
      is alternatively strong, weak or absent in the different tectal layers. The
      results suggest that most of sensitive imput and many systems of stimuli
      propagation may be mediated by cholinergic mechanisms in the optic tectum of
      telecosts.

PMID- 1213945
TI  - Enzyme activity during the metabolism of glycogen. I. Demonstration of
      phosphorylases in the sensory cells of the tuberous organ of Gnathonemus petersii
      (Mormyridae). Histochemical and ultrastructural methods.
AB  - Phosphorylase activities were investigated by histochemical and ultrastructural
      procedures in the electroreceptive sensory cells of the tuberous organ of
      Gnathonemus petersii. Ater incubation in G1P, G1P activated by AMP (Takeuchi and
      Kuriaki medium) or in G1P activated by ATP+MgSO4 (Guha and Wegman medium) newly
      formed polysaccharides were analysed with the iodine and P.A.S. reactions under
      light microscopy and, under electron microscopy, with the periodic acid
      thiocarbohydrazide (TCH) silver proteinate (PATAg reaction, Thiery), The newly
      formed polysaccharides proved the presence of glycogen phosphorylase (2.4.1.1)
      activities and of their branching enzymes (2.4.1.18). When G1P was activated by
      ATP+MgSO4, they appeared as glycogen particles with the same constitution as
      native glycogen. After incubation in G1P and in G1P activated by AMP they
      appeared as glycogen and polyglucose filaments too. In the latter case they were
      high concentrated. The results show that the phosphorylases are principally
      present in this sensory cell in their inactive form.

PMID- 1213946
TI  - Incorporation of Arginine-3H into chromatin of mouse eggs shortly after sperm
      penetration.
AB  - Mouse oocytes were fertilized in vitro in a complete cultivation medium enriched
      by L-arginine-5(3)H monohydrochloride. The oocytes were isolated four hours after
      insemination. The incorporation of this precursor, as detected by means of
      autoradiography, was significantly higher in swollen sperm heads and female
      chromosomes at anaphase/telophase of the second meiotic division than the
      incorporation into ooplasm.

PMID- 1213947
TI  - Proliferative capability of parietal and zymogen cells.
AB  - Six to eight week old male mice of C3Hf/Bu strain were killed and studied at
      various times from 30 minutes to 30 days after tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR)
      injection. Labelling of parietal and zymogen cells was observed in
      autoradiographic histological specimens. There were 590 +/- 22 gastric glands per
      circumference at the body of the stomach. Parietal cells were counted as 16-2 (14
      0-18-4) per gland or 9600 per circumference. There were 11-4 (9-4-13-7) zymogen
      cells per gland or 6700 per circumference. Two labelled immature parietal cells
      per circumference were seen 30 minutes after 3H-TdR injection, equivalent to a
      ratio of 1:5000; more mature labelled parietal cells were seen at later times up
      to 30 days. There was evidence for proliferation during maturation and downward
      migration of cells toward the body and the lower part of the gastric gland. Our
      data support earlier evidence that immature parietal cells constantly supply
      mature parietal cells through migration from a proliferative zone. Whether the
      parietal cells are derived from the same stem cell compartment as surface
      epithelium cells is unclear at the present time. An average of 2-6 zymogen cells
      per circumference, or 1:2500, was found to be labelled. While most zymogen cells
      were not proliferating, cells entered the proliferating cycle at random. Based on
      the findings reported in this paper and the radiation responses of both parietal
      and zymogen cells, it is postulated that they form part of a slow renewal system.

PMID- 1213948
TI  - Ultrastructural study of pericytes in the rat supraoptic nucleus.
AB  - Pericytes of the supraoptic nucleus of normal rats have been studied with the
      electron microscope. These cells are morphologically similar to those of
      pericytes in other parts of the nervous system. The pericytes and their
      cytoplasmic processes were surrounded by basal membrane. The nucleus contained
      large masses of heterochromatin. The cytoplasm, less dense than that of the
      endothelial cells, contained numerous free ribosomes, cisternae of granular
      endoplasmic reticulum, various dictyosomes of the Golgi complex, isolated
      microtubules, a few mitochondria, and, occasionally, a diplosome. The presence of
      numerous lysosomes in some pericytes suggested that the cells are phagocytic even
      in normal circumstances.

PMID- 1213949
TI  - Corticobulbar fibres in the North American opossum (Didelphis marsupialis
      virginiana) with notes on the Tasmanian brust-tailed possum (Trichosurus
      vulpecula) and other marsupials.
AB  - Corticobulbar projections have been studied in the American opossum by both
      degeneration and autoradiographic methods and, for the most part, the results
      confirm our earlier observations (Martin & West, 1967; Martin, 1968). However, we
      have obtained evidence for certain connexions not previously described and have
      delineated the origin(s) of several connexions more precisely by paying
      particular attention to the degeneration present at thalamic levels in all cases
      and by the use of autoradiography. When our results are collated and correlated
      with new somatosensory cortical maps arrived at by microelectrode techniques
      (Pubols et al. 1975), it is obvious that corticolbulbar connexions in the North
      American opossum are remarkably similar to those in the monkey and differ mainly
      in quantity, relative origins and distribution and in the fact that some of them
      arise from spatially co-extensive motor-sensory areas (Lende, 1963a, b). In the
      light of our findings on the American opossum we have examined a large collection
      of brush-tailed possum material (as well as some from the potoroo and Tasmanian
      native cat) and have been able to extend our previous findings (Martin et al.
      1971; Martin & Megirian, 1972) to a more precise evaluation of the origin of
      projections from the limb, face motor-sensory cortex. Differences between these
      representatives of the marsupial radiation, as well as features which are common
      to all, are described.

PMID- 1213950
TI  - The occurrence of lipid in the oxyntico-peptic cells of the proventriculus of the
      fasting domestic fowl.
AB  - A histological study has shown that considerable amounts of lipid accumulate in
      the oxyntico-peptic cells of the proventriculus of domestic fowls deprived of
      food. Lipid droplets were first seen in the cells 6 hours after commencing the
      fast and they reached a maximum in 24 hours; a decrease was detected
      histologically 2 hours after re-feeding and all lipid had disappeared 8 hours
      after access to food. Lipid was observed in fasted chickens aged from 1 to 27
      weeks, in four different breeds, and in certain naturally occurring diseases.
      Small amounts of lipid were also seen in the proximal convoluted tubules of the
      kidneys of chickens which had been fasted. The relationship of the lipid to the
      metabolism of the oxyntico-peptic cells and to certain disease states is
      discussed.

PMID- 1213951
TI  - Structural-functional correlations in the kidneys and observations of colon and
      cloacal morphology in certain Australian birds.
AB  - 1. Variations in renal microstructure between the zebra finch and Senegal dove
      were consistent with their relative renal concentrating abilities (urine/plasma
      ratios of 2-8 and 1-7, respectively). Compared with dove kidneys, those of the
      finch contained a higher fraction of mammalian-type nephrons (with Henle's
      loops), and a lower fraction of reptilian-type nephrons (without loops). 2.
      Singing honeyeaters concentrated their urine almost as well as zebra finches,
      although honeyeater kidneys were less specialized (fewer mammalian-type
      nephrons). Such findings emphasize the need to clarify other osmoregulatory
      parameters. 3. No significant microstructural differences were found in the
      kidneys of domesticated as compared with those of wild zebra finches. Hence,
      osmoregulatory differences between tame and wild birds must be related to
      physiological factors rather than morphological. 4. Thickness of the renal
      medulla seemed to be directly correlated with urine concentrating ability.
      However, certain inconsistencies obscure this relationship such that its
      resolution will require further research. 5. Histological features of the mucosae
      of the colon and cloaca are described. The galah and kookaburra displayed a
      mammalian (non-villous) pattern of mucosal organization. Zebra finches, singing
      honeyeaters, and particularly emus, possessed colonic and cloacal villi and hence
      an increased surface area per volume in this region of the gut. This raises the
      possibility that the colon and cloaca are involved in uring concentration and
      osmoregulatory activities in these species.

PMID- 1213952
TI  - Biometry of the human occipital bone.
AB  - A biometric study of the occipital bone was carried out on 125 dissecting room
      skulls; it brought out the following points: 1. The occipital squama, despite its
      dual histological origin, constitutes a stable anatomical structure because its
      dimensions remain in correlation if the size factor is maintained constant. 2.
      The parts around the foramen magnum also show 'organic correlations', but these
      are virtually unrelated to the squama. 3. The pars basilaris is biometrically
      independent of the squama; it could well be described with, and regarded as an
      extension of, the body of the sphenoid if it were morphologically separated from
      the rest of the occipital bone; there is thus good cause to describe in Man a
      spheno-occipital 'clivus'. 4. The study of the curvatures of the squama shows
      that fossil Man agrees with present day Man in that when the occipital is
      rounded, the parietal is not, and the skull is low and elongated. 5. Sexual
      differences are more easily described than measured. The shape of the occipital
      condyles has greater value for sex determination than that of the nuchal crests.
      6. Attempts were made to estimate cranial capacity from isolated occipital bones,
      but one had to be content with a fairly large margin of error. Several types of
      formulae are nevertheless offered to human palaeontologists in the hope that they
      might satisfy their need to get a rough indication of cranial capacity from
      occipital material.

PMID- 1213953
TI  - Macrophages related to leptomeninges and ventral nerve roots. An ultrastructural
      study.
AB  - In immature rats active macrophages were frequently seen projecting into the
      subarachnoid space from the surface of the leptomeninges. They also occurred
      between the layers of the pia and within the nerve roots. They were most frequent
      during the first two weeks after birth, which is a period of rapid neural growth
      and myelination in ventral roots. In contrast, they were much fewer at later
      stages. The ultrastructural characteristics of these cells are described. It is
      suggested that these cells take part in tissue growth and remodelling by the
      removal of material which degenerates or becomes redundant during development.
      For example, they may ingest effete leptomeningeal cells or fragments of them.
      Those within the ventral roots may phagocytose abnormal Schwann cells, or the
      myelin of sheaths which have failed to develop normally. It is also suggested
      that macrophages may be involved in the excavation of the subarachnoid space.
      Another possible function in which they may be involved is the ingestion of
      material, possibly of a protein nature, from the cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 1213954
TI  - Acceleration of neuromuscular re-innervation by triiodothyronine.
AB  - The right sciatic nerve was crushed in 84 rats, 42 of which were injected daily
      with triiodothyronine (T3; 1-0 mug/kg body weight, subcutaneously) while the
      others served as untreated controls. Rats in both groups were killed in groups of
      6 at intervals of 5 days and the re-innervation of the tibialis anterior muscle
      was examined histologically using the bromoindigo-silver method. Neuromuscular re
      innervation was first apparent 15 days post-operatively and was largely complete
      by the 35th day in the T3-treated group. In the untreated control animals only
      two thirds of the end-plates were innervated after 35 days. The argyrophilic
      remains of degenerated axons disappeared more quickly in rats treated with T3,
      and degenerative changes in the structure of the subneural apparatus were less
      severe in these animals than in the controls. It is suggested that consideration
      be given to the possibility of using exogenous T3 in the clinical management of
      human peripheral nerve injuries.

PMID- 1213955
TI  - The ultrastructure of the sheep placenta around the time of parturition.
AB  - Placental tissue, taken from seven sheep before, during and after delivery, was
      fixed and sectioned for study by transmission electron microscopy. Daily blood
      samples from the same sheep were taken from about 135 days p.c. and were analysed
      by radioimmunoassay for total unconjugated oestrogens. Sections of placentomal
      and interplacentomal areas were examined for ultrastructural variations that
      might be correlated with the endocrine changes observed over this period, and to
      determine whether placental separation preceded delivery of the fetus and whether
      separation occurred at the fetal-maternal junction or elsewhere. Ultrastructural
      correlates of the endocrine pattern were not detected. Placental separation
      occurred after delivery and involved disruption of the fetal tissue
      (trophoblast), while its microvillous attachment to the maternal symplasma
      remained intact.

PMID- 1213957
TI  - Scrotal allografts of fetal ovaries.
AB  - Fifty allografts of 17 day rat fetal ovaries were placed in the bottom of the
      scrotal wall of 25 normal and 25 castrated adult male rats. Of these, 5 did not
      take and 11 were destroyed by the allograft reaction. The remaining 34, which
      were reasonably tolerated, showed, whether the hosts were castrated or not,
      suppression of the cortical part of the ovary and stimulation of the medullary
      part, as evidenced by development of well-organized seminiferous tubules. This is
      presumably a reaction to the relatively cool environment of the scrotal wall.

PMID- 1213956
TI  - The growth of muscle following tenotomy.
AB  - The longitudinal growth of M. tibialis anterior was measured after tenotomy in
      young rabbits. After simple transection, while the tendon remained interrupted,
      the experimental muscle belly was shorter than the control; following tendon
      regeneration in about one month, muscle growth accelerated, the belly becoming
      almost or completely as long as normal by the adult stage. Gross displacement of
      the transected tendon combined with resection of the tendons of M. extensor
      digitorium longus prevented regeneration, and longitudinal muscle growth
      virtually ceased. Intermediate tendon displacement resulted in imperfect repair
      and diminution of muscle growth. Usually the length of the experimental muscle
      belly with the foot plantar-flexed was approximately proportional to its length
      when exerting its maximum developed tension and to the range of lengths through
      which it exerted tensions comparable with those of the control. However, the
      latter was disproportionately reduced when growth ceased after tendon
      displacement, probably because the muscle fibre fasciculi occupied a decreased
      proportion of the belly length. The relative length of fasciculi isolated by
      maceration and teasing of muscles following simple tendon transection was normal,
      as was their sarcomere length in plantar flexion. The maximum developed tension
      the muscle exerted tended to be slightly diminished when tendon repair was good,
      with greater diminution after poor repair. It was increased when the tendons of
      extensor digitorum longus were resected, probably because growth in the strength
      of tibialis anterior was stimulated by its isometric contractions against
      adhesions in attempting to dorsiflex the foot.

PMID- 1213958
TI  - Chest wall distortion and regional lung volume distribution in erect humans.
AB  - Using 133Xe measured the regional distribution of FRC and of boluses administered
      at FRC in seated subjects during relaxation, lateral compression of the lower rib
      cage, and contraction of the inspiratory muscles so that mouth pressure was 50
      cmH2O subatmospheric. Lateral compression increased apex-to-base differences of
      volume and bolus distribution, suggesting an increase of the apex-to-base
      gradient of pleural surface pressure. Changes in rib cage shape were measured
      with magnetometers and were qualitatively similar to those associated with
      increases in apex-to-base difference of pleural surface pressure in animals.
      Inspiratory effort decreased apex-to-base difference in volume and induced a
      similar trend in bolus distribution. Though changes in the rib cage shape were
      directionally similar, they were much smaller than those associated with
      decreased pleural surface pressure gradients in animals, and the changes in
      regional volume we observed were more likely due to forces generated by
      diaphragmatic contraction. These results were compatible with the apex-to-base
      gradient of pleural pressure being strongly influenced by shape adaptation
      between lung and chest wall.

PMID- 1213959
TI  - Correlation of blood rheology with vascular resistance in critically ill
      patients.
AB  - Blood rheologic measurements together with peripheral resistance determinations
      in vivo were made in 27 critically ill patients. Eighteen of these patients
      (group I) suffered from violent trauma or operative injury and the other 9 (group
      II) were patients with generalized sepsis. As a result of fluid therapy all
      patients underwent hemodilution, resulting in a decrease in blood viscosity. This
      drop in blood viscosity was counteracted to some extent by an increased plasma
      viscosity due to elevated fibrinogen levels and a decreased red cell
      deformability associated with massive transfusions of stored blood. The
      correlation of vivo hemodynamics with blood rheological data made it possible to
      separate the relative roles of vascular dimensions and blood viscosity in
      affecting the total peripheral resistance. This approach permitted us to
      distinguish varying degrees of vasoconstriction in nonseptic patients in low flow
      states (group I) and varying degrees of vasodilation in septic patients (group
      II). This type of analysis serves to elucidate the pathophysiology of hemodynamic
      alterations in disease and provides a rational basis for devising an effective
      therapeutic program.

PMID- 1213960
TI  - Purified postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase in primary hyperlipoproteinemias.
AB  - Purified postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) of normolipidemic and
      primary hyperlipoproteinemic subjects was characterized by lipoprotein C
      polypeptide activation and specificity for triglycerides in chylomicrons and
      VLDL. Chromatography of normal  LPL on Sephadex G-100 resulted in two protein
      peaks, LPLC-1 (activated by C-I but not C-II) and LPLC-II (activated by C-II but
      not C-I). LPL from type I hyperlipoproteinemic subjects was not activated by C-I
      and C-II activation was reduced to 40% of control. Hydrolysis of chylomicron and
      VLDL triglycerides was severely impaired. Although chromatography of type I LPL
      resulted in two protein peaks, the protein peak corresponding to LPLC-I did not
      exhibit lipolytic activity and LPLC-II was reduced to 50% of control in protein
      and enzyme specific activity. Type III LPL was normal in respect to LPLC-I while
      LPLC-II averaged 40% of control. Hydrolysis of chylomicron and VLDL was reduced
      to 50% and 10% of control, respectively. An etiological implication for LPLC-I
      and/or LPLC-II in type I and III hyperlipoproteinemias is suggested.

PMID- 1213961
TI  - Hematological alterations and response to acute hypobaric stress.
AB  - Exposure of rats to simulated altitude (15,000 ft) for 1 day and 3 and 9 wk
      produced progressive polycythemia, elevated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels and
      raised P50 values; the latter two parameters decreased toward control values
      after 9 wk. Carbon monoxide (38-43% HbCO) exposure produced polycythemia after 3-
      and 9-wk exposure, no change in 2,3-DPG and a fall in P50 value. Ten days'
      treatment with sodium cyanate produced a large decrease in 2,3-DPG and P50.
      Survival during 90 min of acute hypobaria (0.3 atm) under Nembutal anesthesia was
      highest with NaOCN (75%), intermediate with 3- and 9-wk exposure to altitude and
      CO (56-58%) lower in 1-day altitude exposure (44%) and lowest in controls (5%).
      Heart and ventilation rate was monitored during this hypobaric test and response
      patterns established for each exposure/treatment. In states of extreme oxygen
      deprivation the results suggest, in order of importance, the survival value of 1)
      increased oxygen-hemoglobin affinity, and 2) polycythemia.

PMID- 1213962
TI  - A device to measure cutaneous temperature sensitivity in humans and subhuman
      species.
AB  - A device is described to maintain restricted areas of skin at any temperature
      between 5 and 45 degrees C. Changes in temperature of controlled intensity up to
      10 degrees C at rates from 0.03 degrees C to 2 degrees C/s can be delivered in
      either the warm or cool directions. The stimulator, which is in contact with the
      skin, is sufficiently simple so that a number of them can be constructed, each
      with a different contact area up to 18.2 cm2. The current control apparatus that
      operates a Peltier device in the stimulator is a feedback control system that
      maintains a precisely controlled temperature at the stimulator-skin interface.
      Safety features make it suitable and safe for use in human psychophysical studies
      and subhuman behavioral measurements of temperature sensitivity. Electrostatic
      shielding makes it compatible with the electronic instruments used in
      electrophysiological studies of the temperature sense.

PMID- 1213963
TI  - Dipping cone to correct optical distortions at liquid surfaces.
AB  - A dipping cone attachment for use with a long-working-distance objective is
      described. The device eliminates degradation of the microscope image which occurs
      when microelectrodes are applied to single muscle fibers in vitro.

PMID- 1213964
TI  - Functional evaluation of the rat heart in situ.
AB  - We have developed methods for evaluating muscle function in the intact rat heart
      in situ using a contractility index (dP/dt)P-1, calculated from left ventricular
      pressure derivative-left ventricular pressure loop plots. Aortic flow
      measurements were also taken to further characterize in situ rat heart function.
      The preparation remained functionally stable and was within physiological blood
      gas and pH limits for at least 30 min following surgical procedures. The
      contractility index was not influenced by increased afterload, decreased preload
      or increased heart rate; however, appropriate changes were observed following
      isoproterenol and propranolol administration. Appropriate changes in aortic flow
      measurements were observed also with the above interventions. These studies
      demonstrate that the in situ rat heart is a stable physiological experimental
      preparation. It should be useful for evaluating heart function since a
      contractility index derived from pressure-velocity relationships and measurements
      necessary for pump function analysis can be obtained simultaneously.

PMID- 1213965
TI  - Measurement of umbilical blood flow in fetal lambs in utero.
AB  - We continuously measured umbilical blood flow in fetal lambs in utero by placing
      an electromagnetic flow transducer around the common umbilical artery. Umbilical
      arteries originate from a short common segment as the terminal branches of the
      descending aorta. This segment was isolated by a retroperitoneal surgical
      approach and encircled with a specially constructed electromagnetic flow
      transducer. Catheters were also placed in fetal vessles to monitor pressure and
      derive flow values by the radionuclide-labeled microsphere technique. The fetus
      and ewe were allowed to recover for two days before studies were performed.
      Average umbilical blood flow obtained in 11 animals with the transducer was 199
      ml/kg per min. In seven animals flow measurements obtained with the transducer
      were compared with those derived from microsphere injections. Paired measurements
      varied by an average of only 5.3%. This technique makes possible the accurate and
      instantaneous measurement of umbilical blood flow in fetal lambs in utero over a
      prolonged period.

PMID- 1213966
TI  - Effect of alveolar liquid on distribution of blood flow in dog lungs.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that a shift in blood flow away from edematous
      regions does not occur until the alveoli contain liquid. The present experiments
      were designed to examine the separate effect of air space liquid, air space plus
      interstitial liquid, and reduced lung volume on blood flow. We found that reduced
      lung volume was not associated with significant changes in blood flow and that no
      systematic change in blood flow occurred when alveoli were filled with isosmotic
      liquid (autologous plasma). However, when hyposmotic liquid (dilute plasma) was
      instilled so that both the air space and the alveolar wall interstitial space
      were filled, blood flow  was systematically reduced. This suggested that
      interstitial liquid was responsible raising vascular resistance in these
      experiments and that it might also be important in raising local vascular
      resistance in pulmonary edema. This latter hypothesis was tested in isolated
      perfused lobes where rapid freezing and quantitative histology showed that the
      number of open capillaries was significantly reduced in the liquid-filled alveoli
      (P less than 0.001). These observations suggest that interstitial pressure rises
      in pulmonary edema with the result that the transmural pressure of the alveolar
      vessels falls and vascular resistance is increased.

PMID- 1213967
TI  - Effect of training on cardiovascular response to exercise in women.
AB  - Seventeen women (mean age 31 yr) participated in a training program divided into
      an initial 9-wk period and a subsequent 52-wk period, during which time 6
      continued to exercise and the remainder detrained. Improvements in VO2max were
      significant (+34%) during the initial 9 wk and small (+5%) for the final 52 wk.
      Four women who stopped training showed a decrease in VO2max (-10%) during the
      last phase. During the initial 9 wk, central adaptation was important, with SV
      showing an increase of 28% at 80% VO2max. Peripheral adaptation (a-v O2
      difference) was unchanged. Subjects who trained an additional 52 wk showed a
      slight drop in SV at submaximal work loads from the initial increase following
      the first 9 wk. When compared with the initial test the change at 9 wk in
      peripheral adaptation was a small and nonsignificant rise, followed by a
      significant increase at 61 wk. Women who are very unfit initially (predicted
      VO2max of 28 ml/kg-min), apparently adapt to the initial training with a central
      change followed by a much stronger peripheral adaptation during a longer training
      program.

PMID- 1213968
TI  - Effects of O2 on the ventilatory response to CO2 in preterm infants.
AB  - To measure the effects of O2 on the ventilatory response to CO2 in preterm
      infants, we studied eight babies (birth wt 1-2 kg; gestational age 32-36 wk) 10
      times during the first 11 days of life. After breathing 21% O2 for 3 min, they
      were given 15%, 21%, 40%, or 100% O2 for 4 min and then 2% CO2 plus the various
      concentrations of O2 for 4 min each. The mean slopes of the CO2 response curves
      were 0.013, 0.027, 0.034, and 0.056 1/(min-kg-mmHg PACO2) with 15%, 21%, 40%, and
      100% inspired O2, respectively. Thus, the more hypoxic the infant, the flatter
      was the response to CO2. These findings suggest that in preterm infants 1) the
      response to inhaled CO2 is the reverse of that seen in adult man where the higher
      the inspired O2 concentration, the flatter the response, and 2) the respiratory
      center is depressed during hypoxia.

PMID- 1213969
TI  - Pulmonary capillary recruitment during airway hypoxia in the dog.
AB  - To study the effect of hypoxia on the pulmonary capillaries, windows were
      inserted in the chest wall of 9 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. A microscope
      with an image-superimposing device was used to make drawings of the perfused
      capillaries. Summed lengths of individual perfused capillaries in the drawing
      were determined with a map-measuring tool. Total capillary length was constant
      between PaO2 of 160 and 70 Torr. As PaO2 fell below 70 Torr, recruitment of
      previously unperfused capillaries occurred in every case; at PaO2 of 40 Torr, the
      total length of perfused capillaries was about 4 times greater than during
      normoxia. There was no correlation between the recruitment of capillaries and
      alterations in left atrial pressure, only a weak correlation with cardiac output
      changes, but a very strong correlation with increased pulmonary artery pressure.
      This implies that recruitment was probably caused by vasoconstriction within the
      lung.

PMID- 1213970
TI  - Effect of gas density on dynamic pulmonary compliance.
AB  - We measured dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn( in nine asymptomatic young men
      breathing gases of different density. When corrected for gas inertia, Cdyn was
      significantly lower during dense gas breathing (sulfur hexafluoride) than during
      air breathing. At higher breathing frequencies (60-90 breaths/min), Cdyn was
      greater on helium than on air. Static compliance was not different while
      breathing the three gas mixtures. These results may be explained by a density
      dependence of airways resistance in parallel lung units which contribute to
      frequency dependence of dynamic compliance. We conclude that most frequency
      dependent behavior occurs among intraregional lung units subtended from airways
      between segmental bronchi and peripheral airways.

PMID- 1213971
TI  - Depression of ventilation hypoxia in man.
AB  - In five normal male subjects, ventilation, PaO2, and PaCO2 were measured during
      the rapid progressive isocapnic production of hypoxia (5 min) and during the
      equally rapid isocapnic reversal of hypoxia. At similar PaO2, PaCO2, and pH,
      ventilation was less at a time when alveolar PO2 was increasing than when
      alveolar PO2 was decreasing. We interpret these results as showing that human
      ventilation is depressed by mild-to-moderate hypoxia (40-60 Torr), that such
      depression is probably central, and that it is ordinarily masked by peripheral
      chemoreceptor stimulation. We are not able to distinguish whether the ventilatory
      depression is caused by decreased central chemoreceptor PCO2 due to an increase
      in cerebral flow, direct hypoxic depressing of the central respiratory mechanism,
      or both.

PMID- 1213972
TI  - Pulmonary response to antigen infusion in the sensitized guinea pig: 
      modification by atropine.
AB  - Alterations in pulmonary conductance, dynamic compliance, respiratory frequency,
      minute volume, mean arterial pressure, pulse rate, relaxation volume-to-dry
      weight ratio, and wet-to-dry weight ratio resulting from antigen infusion in
      sensitized guinea pigs was examined with and without atropine treatment. In
      untreated animals 3 min after antigen infusion there were significant decreases
      in dynamic compliance and pulmonary conductance with an increase in relaxation
      volume-to-dry weight ratio while other parameters were not altered. In atropine
      treated animals antigen infusion resulted in a decreased dynamic compliance and
      an increased relaxation volume-to-dry weight ratio but no significant change in
      pulmonary conductance. This suggests that the alterations in large and central
      airway tone resulting from antigen infusion are mediated predominantly by
      secondary cholinergic mechanisms while peripheral airway effects are mainly
      noncholinergic.

PMID- 1213973
TI  - Forearm skin and muscle vascular responses to prolonged leg exercise in man.
AB  - To determine the cutaneous and resting skeletal muscle vascular responses to
      prolonged exercise, total forearm blood flow (FBF-plethysmography) (5 men) and
      forearm muscle blood flow (MBF-[125I]antipyrine clearance) (4 men) were measured
      throughout 55-60 min of bicycle exercise (600-750 kpm/min). Heart rate (HR) and
      esophageal temperature (Tes) were also measured throughout exercise. FBF showed
      only small changes during the first 10 min followed by progressive increments
      during the 10-40 min interval and smaller rises thereafter. For the full 60 min
      of exercise, there was an average increase in FBF of 8.26 ml/100 ml-min. MBF
      showed an initial fall with the onset of exercise (on the average from 3.84 to
      2.13 ml/100 ml-min) which was sustained or fell further as exercise continued,
      indicating that increments in FBF were confined to skin. Much of the increase in
      FBF occurred despite essentially constant Tes. Results suggest that the
      progressive decrements in central venous pressure, stroke volume, and arterial
      pressure previously seen during prolonged exercise are due in part to progressive
      increments in cutaneous blood flow and volume.

PMID- 1213974
TI  - Effect of exercise and thermal stress on plasma volume.
AB  - Six male subjects exercised for 50 min at 25% (light exercise) and 55% (moderate
      exercise) of their estimated aerobic capacities in environments of 42 degrees C
      db, 35 degrees C wb and 30 degrees C db, 24 degrees C wb, respectively.
      Alterations in the hematocrit, hemoglobin, and plasma protein concentrations, and
      in the activity of an injected aliquot of isotopically labeled albumin were each
      used to calculate the percentage change in plasma volume occurring during
      exercise and recovery. Changes in each measure were consistent with a reduction
      in plasma volume during exercise and a return to preexercise levels during
      recovery. There was no significant difference between the measures when
      exercising in the heat, but during the more severe exercise in the cooler
      environment disproportional changes in protein, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were
      observed. Disproportional changes were also seen during the recovery phase, when
      the hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration indicated a more rapid return of the
      plasma volume to preexercise levels than did either the plasma protein
      concentration or albumin activity. During moderate exercise and recovery there
      was a 1% decrease in red cell volume. It is concluded that exercise accelerates
      the rate of protein movement from extravascular compartments to the intravascular
      compartment, leading to elevated plasma protein levels during recovery which
      favor the return of water to the intravascular space. Hemoglobin concentration is
      considered to be the most reliable measure of plasma volume change during
      exercise.

PMID- 1213975
TI  - Elastic behavior of postmortem human lungs: effects of aging and mild emphysema.
AB  - The elastic behavior of postmortem human lungs has been studied in an effort to
      differentiate the effects of normal aging from those of mild emphysema. Static
      pressure-volume (P-V) curves were measured in 50 lungs obtained from men 15-85 yr
      of age, including 12 lungs with mild-to-moderate emphysema. The emphysema was
      quantitatively assessed by gross and microscopic methods. The P-V relationship in
      all lungs is accurately described by the empirically fitted equation, P =
      alpha1ea2v. This expression is useful because the two parameters separate the
      effects of elastic behavior (alpha1) from size (alpha2) on the P-V curve. There
      is a close negative correlation (R = -0.94) Between age and alpha1 in normal
      lungs but no significant age dependence of alpha2. Further decreases in alpha1
      are found in most emphysematous lungs. Alpha1 is more than 2 SEE below the age
      predicted mean in five of nine lungs with minimal emphysema (1-10% by point
      count) and more than 5 SEE below the mean in the three more severely affected
      lungs. There is a close correlation (R = +0.90) between alpha1 and the alveolar
      surface-to-volume ratio in both normal and emphysematous lungs.

PMID- 1213976
TI  - Tracheal mucous transport in experimental canine asthma.
AB  - Tracheal mucous velocity (TMV) was measured in experimental canine asthma. All 10
      sensitive dogs exposed to an aerosol of Ascaris suum extract showed a decrease in
      TMV to about one-third of base-line values within 45 min whereas only half of
      them (reactors) responded with bronchospasm as measured by a significant
      reduction in specific respiratory system conductance (SGrs). Mean TMV remained
      decreased at the end of the 2-h observation period when mean SGrs had returned to
      base-line values in the reactors. Neither TMV nor SGrs changed in nonsensitive
      animals who inhaled ragweed antigen. Aerosols of acetylcholine and histamine
      increased TMV thereby excluding these mediators as responsible for the impairment
      of mucous transport in asthma. Nebulization of A. suum antigen together with a
      selective antagonist of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (srs-a) produced a
      marked increase of TMV in all dogs regardless of whether or not bronchospasm was
      elicited. This suggests that the observed decrease in TMV may be related to the
      release of SRS-A during the immunologic reaction.

PMID- 1213977
TI  - Cardiac limitation to maximal oxygen transport and changes in components after
      jogging across the US.
AB  - Observations were made before and 3-5 days after prolonged endurance jogging an
      average of 42 miles/day, 6 days/wk for 2.5 mo by a young male adult who
      voluntarily initiated a run across the United States. Both arterial PO2 and
      lactic acid increased. In each instance, the first limitation in circulatory
      delivery of oxygen was a plateau in stroke volume and cardiac output. Afterward,
      pulse deficit and systemic arterial pressure fell with exercise and heart rate
      accelerated. Although there was no change in oxygen transport (Q X CAO2), a
      reduction in stroke volume was exactly balanced by a rise in arterial oxygen
      content. Vital capacity, residual volume, and total lung capacity and diffusion
      capacity for carbon monoxide, hematocrit, and red cell mass increased, while
      plasma volume diminished and heart size and total blood volume were unchanged.

PMID- 1213978
TI  - Peripheral body temperature and thermogenic drinking in cold-treated rats.
AB  - Transfer of rats abruptly from air at 5 degrees C to air at 26 degrees C was
      accompanied by a significant increase in water intake (thermogenic drinking)
      during the first hour after transfer. A possibility existed that the increased
      water intake observed under these conditions was attributable to the rapid change
      in skin temperature. Thus, the objective of this study was  to determine the
      effect on thermogenic drinking of a slow, as opposed to an abrupt, change in
      ambient temperature. The results indicated that warming room air rates of either
      0.5 or 1.0 centigrade deg/min had no effect on thermogenic drinking when compared
      with the water intake of rats removed abruptly from cold. Thermogenic drinking
      does not appear to be initiated by a specific pattern of changes in peripheral
      temperature relative to colonic temperature.

PMID- 1213979
TI  - Effect of ventilation on pulmonary blood volume of the fetal lamb.
AB  - Blood volume changes in the fetal lung following the onset of ventilation were
      studied by isotopic measurement of red blood cell and plasma volume in rapidly
      frozen lungs of ten near term fetal lambs. Total pulmonary blood volumes of fetal
      lambs ventilated with 3% O2 and 7% CO2 in nitrogen (so that blood gas levels were
      little changed from fetal values), or with air, were compared with measurements
      in unventilated lambs. Regional correlations of blood volume and blood flow
      (measured with isotope-labeled microemboli) within the lungs were also examined.
      Total pulmonary blood volume averaged 5.6 ml/kg body weight in unventilated fetal
      lambs and was approximately 43% greated in fetal lambs after 5-20 min of air
      ventilation, but not significantly different in lambs ventilated with 3% O2 and
      7% CO2 in nitrogen. Thus it is ventilation with air, rather than the introduction
      of gas into the alveoli, which enlarges the fetal pulmonary vascular bed.
      Regional pulmonary blood volume and blood flow were correlated, though poorly, in
      air-ventilated lungs, but not in lungs ventilated with 3% O2 and 7% CO2 in
      nitrogen; this suggests that a common factor may operate to increase both blood
      flow and blood volume in the fetal lung following the introduction of air.

PMID- 1213980
TI  - Recruitment in networks of pulmonary capillaries.
AB  - To improve our understanding of the pressure-flow characteristics of pulmonary
      capillaries, we analyzed by means of computer stimulation a theoretical model
      composed of 50 interconnected nonlinear elements. Each element required a
      critical pressure across it before flow occurred and there was a subsequent
      linear pressure-flow region whose slope, or resistance, could be related to the
      transmural pressure of the element ("distensibility"). The critical pressures and
      resistances of each element of the network were randomly chosen from
      distributions. We found that recruitment (i.e., onset of flow) occurred over a
      large range of network upstream or "arterial" pressures, and that relatively high
      arterial pressures were required before all elements had no distensibility.
      Intermittent and reverse flow were commonly seen in some elements as the arterial
      pressure was raised in steps. These flow reversals were particularly common when
      the critical pressures and resistances of the elements were inversely related.
      The critical pressures required for such behavior in the capillary segments of
      the pulmonary microcirculation were calculated to be extremely small, of the
      order of 0.02 cmH2O. Pressures of this magnitude might result from sticking of
      red cells to capillary walls or to each other. The properties of such a network
      may explain the patchiness of flow in the pulmonary microcirculation and the
      large range of arterial pressures over which recruitment is observed to occur.

PMID- 1213981
TI  - Effect of acute lymphatic obstruction on fluid accumulation in the chest in dogs.
AB  - The effect of acute obstruction to lymphatic drainage on fluid accumulation in
      the lungs, pleura, and pericardium was assessed in the intact dog. Catheters were
      positioned in the venae cavase, right atrium (RA), left atrium (LA), age on fluid
      accumulation in the lungs, pleura, and pericardium was assessed in the intact
      dog. Catheters were positioned in the venae cavae, right atrium (RA), left atrium
      (LA), and aorta (Ao) of nine anesthetized, spontaneouly breathing dogs, and
      hydrostic and colloid osmotic pressures were continuously monitored. Lymphatic
      obstruction was achieved by raising systemic venous pressure to either 10 mmHg or
      25 mmHg by a combination of fluid infusion and inflation of balloon catheters in
      the venae cavae for 2 h. The same constant net intravascular filtration pressure
      was maintained in both groups by appropriate use of saline or colloid-containing
      fluids. Pleural and pericardial fluids were measured postmortem and lung water
      content was determined by weighing before and after drying. Failure to detect
      greater fluid accumulation at the higher obstructing pressure (25 mmHg) than at
      the lower obstructing pressure (10 mmHg) suggests that over the range of
      obstructing pressures used there is no acute change in the magnitude of lymphatic
      drainage in the chest.

PMID- 1213982
TI  - Voluntary changes of thoracoabdominal shape and regional lung volumes in humans.
AB  - We measured regional lung volumes from apex to base in humans during changes in
      thoracoabdominal shape which we monitored with magnetometers. In erect subjects,
      voluntary changes of shape at FRC did not change regional volume distribution. In
      supine subjects, the effect of negative pressure applied to the abdomen and a
      similar thoracoabdominal configuration achieved by voluntary means were studied.
      The distribution of regional volumes in both situations was the same as that
      measured during relaxation at the same overall lung volumes. We concluded that
      neither voluntary changes in shape nor negative abdominal pressure influenced the
      human pleural pressure gradient. This result, which differed from findings in
      animals, was probably because the human chest was relatively stiff and behaved
      with one degree of freedom; all parts of the human rib cage changed dimensions
      proportionally while negative abdominal pressure distorted the rib cage of
      animals.

PMID- 1213983
TI  - Oxidation of tryptophan in lysozyme by ozone in aqueous solution.
AB  - A tryptophan residue in hen's egg-white lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] was modified by
      ozone in an aqueous solution. One of the six tryptophan residues in the enzyme
      was oxidized to N'-formylkynurenine with concomitant loss of the enzymatic
      activity. Physicochemical studies of this modified enzyme (OL-I) revealed that
      the ozonization of lysozyme in aqueous media resulted in little change of the
      gross molecular conformation. It was deduced that the modified tryptophan residue
      in OL-I was possibly located in position 62 (or 63) of the protein.

PMID- 1213984
TI  - Substituent effects on substrate activation and Michaelis-Menten Kinetic
      parameters in the alpha-chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of phenyl acetates.
AB  - The effects of substituents on the steady state and pre-steady state kinetics in
      alpha-chymotrypsin [EC 3.4.21.1]-catalyzed hydrolysis were studied using
      substituted phenyl acetates. In the steady state hydrolysis, substrate
      activation, which had been observed and studied previously for p-nitrophenyl
      acetate, was also observed for p-bromo, p-chloro-, and m-methylphenyl acetates.
      Little activation was observed for p-acetyl-, m-nitro-, p-methyl-, and p
      methoxyphenyl acetates. Addition of p-dichlorobenzene increased kcat for all
      substrates examined and greatly diminished the substrate activation for the
      activatable substrate(s) to activator binding site(s). The value of kcat
      decreased in accordance with increase of the sigma-value of substituents. On the
      other hand, kcat/Km (app) showed an opposite sigma- dependence, as was previously
      observed. In pre-steady state measurements, little burst was observed for more
      electron-donating substituents than m-nitro. The sigma dependence of kcat is
      apparently not consistent with the prediction derived from that of kcat/Km (app)
      on the basis of the usual two-step mechanism with a common acetyl-enzyme
      intermediate.

PMID- 1213986
TI  - Synthesis and mass fragmentographic analysis of partially O-methylated 2-N
      methylglucosamines.
AB  - A series of partially O-methylated N-methylglucosamines was synthesized by
      limited-time methylation of methyl-2-N-methylacetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranoside by
      Kuhn's procedure, followed by acid hydrolysis. These partially O-methylated N
      methylglucosamines were separated satisfactorily by gas chromatography on a
      column of OV-17 on Gas-chrom Q as amino  alditol acetates and identified from
      their mass spectra. For specific analysis of the methylated aminosugar
      derivatives, a mass fragmentographic method was established. Methylated
      aminosugars can be successfully determined in amounts as low as about 1 ng by
      this method.

PMID- 1213985
TI  - Characterization of two glycoasparagines isolated from the urine of patients with
      aspartylglycosylaminuria (AGU).
AB  - Two major glycoasparagines (2-acetamido-N-(4'-L-aspartyl)-2-deoxy-beta-D
      glycosylamines) were isolated from the urine of patients with
      aspartylglycosylaminuria (AGU). They were composed of equimolar amounts of sialic
      acid, galactose, glucosamine, and aspartic acid. They were isomeric with respect
      to the position of sialic acid attachment, since they produced the same
      glycoasparagine on incubation with the neuraminidase from Clostridium
      perfringens. The structure of the resulting sialic acid-free glycoasparagine was
      determined as beta-Gal-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc-Asn based on the following
      findings. It produced galactose on incubation  with beta-galactosidase, and N
      acetyllactosamine and aspartic acid on incubation with 4-L-aspartylglycosylamine
      amindo hydrolase.

PMID- 1213987
TI  - Fractionation of glycopeptides by affinity column chromatography on concanavalin
      A-sepharose.
AB  - Using [3H]-labeled oligosaccharides, we found that the presence of at least two
      alpha-mannosyl residues with free hydroxyl groups at C-3, 4, and 6 is required
      for oligosaccharides to be related by a concanavalin A-Sepharose column. This
      finding is also applicable to N-[14C]acetylated glycopeptides. Thus, the
      concanavalin A-Sepharose column might become a useful tool for structural studies
      of glycopeptides and oligosaccharides and for their fractionation. Glycopeptides
      prepared from the trypsinate of rat fibroblasts, which has been purified by paper
      electrophoresis, were further separated into two fractions by chromatography on a
      concanavalin A-Sepharose column.

PMID- 1213988
TI  - Lymphocyte-increasing action and hypocalcemic action of parotid gland extract.
AB  - It has previously been shown in our laboratory that the hypocalcemic substances
      purified from the thymus have a potent lymphocyte-increasing action in mice.
      Then, lymphocyte-increasing activity was examined with bovine parotid gland
      extracts, which showed a hypocalcemic activity as potent as that of the thymus
      extracts. The lymphocyte-increasing activity was assayed in the littermates of
      neonatal mice of Swiss-Webster strain; the materials used for this experiment
      were purified preparations and several fractions obtained from the parotid gland
      extracts in the course of purification. It was found that the potency of
      lymphocyte-increasing activity rose approximately in parallel with the rise in
      hypocalcemic activity with progress in purification. The final product, which was
      purified from the gland by isoelectric precipitation at pH 5.4, fractional
      precipitation with ammonium sulfate, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, gel
      filtration on Sepharose 6B and preparative disc electrophoresis, gave a single
      band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Its intravenous injection in rabbits,
      in a dose of 10 mug/kg, produced a significant lowering in serum calcium (percent
      decrease 10.24 +/- 1.06%) compared with control animals given an injection of
      physiological saline. Intraperitoneal injection of this purified product, in a
      dose of 0.5 mug/mouse, in the littermates of neonatal mice, also produced a
      significant increase (ratio of lymphocytes to polymorphs 2.47 +/- 0.07) in
      lymphocytes compared with control animals injected with physiological saline (L/P
      ratio 1.57 +/- 0.05). These facts suggest that this purified protein fraction
      inherently contains both activities, but the possibility cannot be ruled out of
      slight contamination by a substance having a high activity. On the other hand, a
      fraction having no activity for lowering serum calcium but which had activity for
      increasing the lymphocytes was obtained. This is the first paper to report the
      presence of lymphocyte-increasing substances in the bovine parotid gland and the
      purification of one of the substances from the gland.

PMID- 1213989
TI  - Heterogeneity of the minimum functional unit of hemocyanins from the spider
      (Argiope bruennichii), the scorpion (Heterometrus sp.), and the horseshoe crab
      (Tachypleus tridentatus).
AB  - The heterogeneity of arthropod hemocyanins was studied by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis and immunochemical techniques. The spider (Argiope bruennichii),
      the scorpion (Heterometrus sp.), and the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus)
      were found to have 4, 5, and 5 minimum functional units of hemocyanin,
      respectively, the apparent molecular weights of which were 79,000, 81000, and
      80,000, respectively, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis.

PMID- 1213990
TI  - Inhibition of rat liver rhodanese by di-, tricarboxylic, and alpha-keto acids.
AB  - Rat liver rhodanese [EC 2.8.1.1] purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, CM
      cellulose and Sephadex G-200 chromatography yielded two active fractions (I &
      II). Their molecular weights were estimated to be 1.75 X 10(4) (I) and 1.26 X
      10(4) (II) by the gel filtration method. Kinetic studies revealed that Fraction I
      rat liver rhodanese catalyzes thiocyanate formation from thiosulfate and cyanide
      by a double displacement mechanism. Carboxylic acids such as DL-isocitric, citric
      malic, pyruvic, and oxaloacetic acid were competitive inhibitors with respect to
      thiosulfate, whereas fumaric, succinic, and alpha-ketoglutaric acids were
      noncompetitive inhibitors with respect ot thiosulfate. Incubation of mitochondria
      with sulfate and alpha-ketoglutaric acid caused a significant decrease in
      rhodanese activity.

PMID- 1213991
TI  - Purification, properties, and molecular features of glucose oxidase from
      Aspergillus niger.
AB  - 4. FHD (flavin-hypoxanthine dinucleotide) has coenzymatic activity equal to that
      of FAD.

PMID- 1213992
TI  - Gizzard Troponin.
AB  - Native tropomyosin from the gizzard was separated into troponin and tropomyosin.
      The mode of action of the troponin-tropomyosin system of gizzard was shown to be
      distinclty different from that of skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1213993
TI  - Effect of phosphates on the structure of the actin filament.
AB  - The fine structure of the purified actin filament was investigated by negative
      staining. The actin filament polymerized in Tris-HCl buffer and KCl showed a
      collapsed image different from that of a double stranded helix. Addition of ATP,
      ADP, or inorganic orthophosphate, however, converted it into a straight filament
      with typical double strands.

PMID- 1213994
TI  - Exchange reactions catalyzed by methioninase from Pseudomonas putida.
AB  - Highly purified methioninase from Pseudomonas putida, which catalyzes alpha,
      gamma-elimination reactions of homocysteine and its S-substituted derivatives as
      well as alpha, beta-elimination reactions of cysteine and its derivatives, was
      found to catalyze exchange reactions between the substituent at the gamma-carbon
      of homocysteine substrates and exogenously added alkanethiols, forming the
      corresponding S-alkylhomocysteines. It also catalyzed similar beta-exchange
      reactions between cysteine and alkanethiols. Thus, all the substrates for the
      methioninase-catalyzed elimination reactions also appear to be available for the
      exchange reactions.

PMID- 1213995
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a sulfated glycoprotein from rabbit uterus.
AB  - Crude glycoproteins were extracted with 0.15 M NaCl from the pooled endometrial
      scrapings of rabbit uteri after treatment with estrogen. The crude glycoproteins
      were fractionated with ammonium sulfate, followed by DEAE-cellulose column
      chromatography, treatment with CM-Sephadex C-25 and gel filtration on Sephadex G
      200. Subsequently, purification of an acidic glycoprotein was carried out by gel
      filtration on Sephadex G-200 and then Sepharose 4B. The results of
      electrophoresis and enzymatic digestion, together with analytical data and the
      infrared spectrum indicated that the acidic glycoprotein was a sulfated
      glycoprotein.

PMID- 1213996
TI  - Structural differences in fructans elaborated by streptococcus mutans and Strep.
      salivarius.
AB  - D-Fructans synthesized from sucrose by cell-free systems of strains of
      Streptococcus mutans and Strep. salivarius have been shown by methylation and
      enzymatic studies to have different glycosidic linkages. The cold water-insoluble
      D-fructans from Strep. mutans strain BHT and JC-1 have inulin-type structures
      consisting beta-(2 leads to 1)-D-fructofuranosidic linkages, with average
      repeating units of 8 and 27 sugar residues, respectively, whereas the water
      soluble fructan from Strep. salivarius strain HHT has a levan-type branched
      structure consisting beta-(2 leads to 6)-D-fructofuranosidic linkages with an
      average repeating unit of 9 sugar residues. The solubility properties of these
      fructants are discussed on the basis of the structural differences.

PMID- 1213997
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a ganglioside containing fucose from boar
      testis.
AB  - A ganglioside containing fucose (fucoganglioside) was obtained from boar testis
      and purified by silicic acid and DEAE-cellulose column chromatographies and
      preparative thin layer chromatography. The structure of this ganglioside,
      determined by chemical and enzymatic methods was: (see article). Its fatty acids
      were mainly long chain saturated ones (20 : 0, 22 : 0, 24 : 0). Its long chain
      bases consisted of 27% C(16:1) sphingosine and 68% C(18:1) sphingosine.

PMID- 1213998
TI  - Biosynthesis of liver catalase in rats treated with
      allylisopropylacetylcarbamide. I. Immunochemical assay of catalase in liver cell
      fractions.
AB  - Rats were injected twice intraperitoneally with 20 mg of
      allylisopropylacetylcarbamide (Sedormid) per 100 g of body weight at an interval
      of 12 hr. The level of catalase [EC 1.11.1.6] in various liver cell fractions was
      determined both enzymatically and immunochemically 12 hr after the second
      injection. 1. The decrease in catalase protein assayed by the immunochemical
      method directly confirmed the inhibition of biosynthesis of the enzyme by this
      porphyrinogenic drug. 2. The occurrence of a considerable amount of catalase
      protein with no enzymatic activity was demonstrated both in the peroxisomes and
      in the supernatant fraction. 3. The amount of catalase-synthesizing polysomes in
      hepatic cell was reduced in Sedormid-treated rats by the extent comparable to the
      decrease in the concentration of liver catalase.

PMID- 1213999
TI  - Biosynthesis of liver catalase in rats treated with
      allylisopropylacetylcarbamide. II. Double-labeling of catalase with (14C)leucine
      and delta-(3H)aminolevulinic acid.
AB  - Double-labeling of liver catalase [EC 1.11.1.6] with [14-c]leucine and delta
      [3H]aminolevulinic acid was carried out both in vivo and in vitro using rats
      treated with allylisopropylacetylcarbamide (Sedormid). These radioactive
      precursors were incorporated into catalase at a lower rate than in normal rats.
      In particular, the incorporation of 3H was remarkably inhibited. The results
      suggest that the administration of Sedormid can inhibit synthesis of the protein
      moiety of catalase, and possibly interfere with the binding of heme to the
      catalase protein.

PMID- 1214000
TI  - Increasing content of poly A(+) mRNA of serum-stimulated cells in the absence of
      ribosome synthesis.
AB  - When 3T6 cells undergo a serum-induced transition from resting to growing state,
      the number of ribosomes and the amounts of mRNA increase as the cells prepare for
      DNA synthesis. We have examined the effect of preventing ribosome synthesis
      during this transition. When resting cells are stimulated to grow in the presence
      of 5-fluorouridine, mRNA accumulates normally during the first eight hours,
      though new ribosome formation is completely blocked by the drug. At later times,
      mRNA continues to accumulate, but at a reduced rate. The ratio of poly A(+) mRNA
      to rRNA increases from the value characteristic of resting 3T6 (1.8%) to that of
      growing 3T6 (2.7%) by five hours, and continues to increase to abnormally high
      values after this time. Although labelling of tRNA is not affected after brief
      exposure of cells to fluorouridine, the drug prevents the later accumulation of
      tRNA that ordinarily occurs following serum stimulation of resting cells. This
      failure of accumulation is not the result of increased lability of fluorinated
      tRNA, but is probably due to failure of the transcription rate of pre-tRNA to
      increase. It is possible that this effect might  be due to a regulatory system
      coupling tRNA content to ribosome content. In cultures stimulated with serum in
      the presence of fluorouridine the rate of protein synthesis increases with poly
      A(+) mRNA content during the first eight hours; it then fails to increase
      further, possibly because ribosomes become rate-limiting.

PMID- 1214001
TI  - The control of liver regeneration by parathyroid hormone and calcium.
AB  - Following partial hepatectomy in rats, there were two bursts of hepatocyte DNA
      synthetic and mitotic activity which were produced by two subpopulations having
      different rates of (nearly synchronous) proliferative development. Only about 50%
      of the cells in both subpopulations could initiate DNA synthesis and enter
      mitosis when exposed to the hypocalcemic conditions in the parathyroprivic rat
      for 24 hours before partial hepatectomy. The proliferatively incompetent
      hepatocytes in these hypocalcemic rats could be induced to initiate their DNA
      synthetic and mitotic activity by an intraperitoneal injection of the calcium
      mobilizing parathyroid hormone (50 USP units/100 g) as late as 12 hours after
      partial hepatectomy. Single intraperitoneal injections of calcium (0.25 mg/100 g)
      could also restore the proliferative competence of these hepatocytes, but only
      when injected at specific periods following partial hepatectomy. The injection of
      calcium 12 to 15 hours after partial hepatectomy induced hepatocytes in the first
      subpopulation to finish their development and enter mitosis, but did not affect
      the second, more slowly developing, subpopulation. Calcium had to be injected 25
      hours after partial hepatectomy to stimulate proliferation in this second
      subpopulation. These data suggest that the hepatocytes which became
      proliferatively incompetent by prolonged exposure to a hypocalcemic environment
      are proliferatively activated by partial hepatectomy, but their proliferative
      development stops at a calcium-dependent stage near the end of the pre
      replicative phase of development.

PMID- 1214002
TI  - Relationship between membrane potential and external potassium in human
      glioblastoma cells in tissue culture.
AB  - Cells from a human glioblastoma (TC 526) maintained in tissue culture for ten
      years had a mean membrane potential of 27 +/- 0.9 mV at an external potassium
      concentration [Ko] of 5.3 mM. When [Ko] was varied between 2.5 and 5.3 mM,
      membrane potential changes were close to those predicted by the Nernst equation.
      At higher [Ko], the Nernstian slope was approached only in the presence of 10(-5)
      M ouabain, which did not affect membrane potential at a [Ko] of 5.3 mM. An
      electrogenic sodium pump activated by high [Ko] could explain these findings;
      such a mechanism has been demonstrated in other tissues.

PMID- 1214003
TI  - Arrest of 3T3 cells in G1 phase in suspension culture.
AB  - 3T3 cells do not grow in Methocel suspension culture, while other permanent cell
      lines do. The viability of 3T3 cells in suspension remains unchanged for at least
      three days with respect to plating efficiency, vital staining and resumption of
      normal growth when transferred into monolayer culture. When monolayer 3T3 cells
      in G1 phase are suspended they remain in G1 phase. Cells already in S phase which
      are suspended complete ongoing DNA synthesis and mitosis and then are arrested in
      the G1 phase. Progress through the cell cycle is reinitiated after suspended
      cells attach to a surface. When monolayer cells in late G1 phase (just before
      entering S phase) are put in suspension cultures they do not initiate DNA
      synthesis.

PMID- 1214004
TI  - Polynucleotide aggregates enhance the transport of protein at the surface of
      cultured mammalian cells.
AB  - It was known that polycationic polymers enhance the entry of macromolecules into
      cells. We now show that polynucleotides may have similar effects, when used as
      large aggregates. Poly(1-vinylcytosine):polyinosinic acid, an inducer of
      interferon production in human cells, can cause at 40 mug/ml a 75-fold
      enhancement of albumin uptake by sarcoma cells in culture. Most of this activity
      (85%) is related to the presence of aggregates retained by 0.65 mu millipore
      membranes. The prior finding that enhancers of albumin transport have increasing
      effects with increasing molecular sizes may thus extend to complexes of
      supramolecular sizes.

PMID- 1214005
TI  - Growth of cultured cells from patients with Fanconi anemia.
AB  - Fibroblast cultures derived from skin biopsies of patients with Fanconi anemia
      had doubling times (mean of five lines: 30.3 +/- 0.2 hours) significantly longer
      than randomly selected normal controls (mean of nine lines: 22.9 +/- 0.4 hours).
      Control cultures grew more slowly in the enriched media RPMI 1640 and McCoy's 5A
      than in MEM; while a culture from a patient with Fanconi anemia grew more slowly
      only in McCoy's 5A. Differences in growth characteristics between Fanconi anemia
      and normal cell cultures may be useful in analyzing the metabolic error
      determined by the Fanconi anemia gene.

PMID- 1214006
TI  - The interaction of chloride with the sulfate transport system of Ehrlich ascites
      tumor cells.
AB  - The effect of Cl- on SO4(-2) efflux was studied in both Cl--containing and Cl-
      free ascites tumor cells loaded with 35SO4(-2) to test the hypothesis that Cl-
      SO4(-2) exchange is mediated by the same mechanism responsible for SO4(-2)-self
      exchange. The addition of Cl--free, 35SO4(-2) loaded cells to a SO4(-2)-free, Cl-
      medium results in: (1) SO4(-2) efflux that is dependent on the extracellular Cl-
      concentration (Km = 4.85 mM; ke = 0.048 min-1 at 50 mM Cl-) and (2) net Cl-
      uptake that exceeds SO4(-2) loss. Both SITS (4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene
      2,2'-disulfonate) and ANS (1-anilino-8-napthalene sulfonate) inhibit S04(-2)
      efflux but are without effect on Cl- uptake. The addition of Cl--containing,
      35SO4(-2) loaded cells to a SO4(-2)-free, Cl- medium results in: (1) a slight
      gain in cellular Cl- and (2) ke for SO4(-2) efflux identical to that for Cl--free
      cells.

PMID- 1214007
TI  - Reversible release of chick embryo fibroblast cultures from density dependent
      inhibition of growth.
AB  - Initiation of proliferation in density-inhibited chick embryo fibroblast cultures
      induced by insulin or trypsin was partially reversed by replacing the medium with
      supernatants from parallel non-stimulated cultures. Growth stimulation by
      neuraminidase, pokeweed mitogen, bacterial lipopolysaccharides or purified
      tuberculin was less, or not at all, affected by this procedure. Medium change per
      se caused some proliferation in non-stimulated cultures. Increased rate of sugar
      uptake in insulin-stimulated cultures returned to the level of that in non
      stimulated cultures within a few hours after medium change. This reversion took
      place apparently irrespective of the phase of the cell cycle. Replacing the
      medium with supernatant from non-stimulated cultures induced a rapid decline in
      subsequent thymidine incorporation during the first S-phase, and completely
      abolished the second peak of DNA synthesis. The fraction of cells irreversibly
      committed to mitosis increased when the time after stimulation increased. Less
      than three hours' incubation with insulin or trypsin was needed to initiate
      proliferation of a significant fraction of the cell population. It is concluded
      that reversion of the initiated cycle of a given cell is no more possible after
      the cell has entered the S-phase.

PMID- 1214008
TI  - Myonemal contraction of Spirostomum. III. The thermal dependence of contraction,
      relaxation and excitation-contraction coupling.
AB  - A microphotometric technique that displays rapid length changes of Spirostomum
      has been used to follow the variation with temperature of these kinetic
      parameters of myonemal contraction: contraction rate, relaxation rate and
      stimulus duration at threshold. In each case the exponential form of the
      relationship indicated that the gross rate constant might be equated with the
      limiting rate constant, k, of a driving chemical reaction, and from standard
      expressions of chemical kinetics the change in activation free energy appropriate
      to this reaction has been computed.

PMID- 1214009
TI  - A comparison of the in vitro activity of metronidazole, tinidazole, and
      nimorazole against Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli.
AB  - The in vitro activities of metronidazole, nimorazole, and tinidazole were
      compared against 69 strains of obligately anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli.
      Geometric mean MICs were 0-34, 1-05, and 0-28 mug/ml respectively. Thirty-six
      strains were also tested by the disk method. Correlation between MIC and diameter
      of the zones of inhibition was poor.

PMID- 1214010
TI  - Comparison of antibiotic discs from different sources.
AB  - Antibiotic discs from Oxoid, Mast, AB Biodisk, Difco, and Baltimore Biological
      Laboratories were compared, where discs of similar antibiotic content were
      available, in diffusion-sensitivity tests against organisms of known sensitivity.
      Discs from Oxoid and Mast gave zones 1-5 mm larger than discs from other
      manufacturers with penicillin 2 units, ampicillin 10 mug, cephalothin 30 mug,
      methicillin 10 mug, carbenicillin 100 mug, erythromycin 15 mug, chloramphenicol
      50 mug, and trimethoprim 1-25 mug, while discs containing aminoglycoside
      antibiotics, lincomycin, fusidic acid, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, penicillin
      10 units, and polymyxin B gave similar zone sizes whatever the source. Where
      tested, different batches of single discs from the same source did not vary
      significantly in antibiotic content as indicated by variation in zone size; but
      with some antibiotics Multodisks gave larger zones than single discs from the
      same source. The implications of these differences are discussed.

PMID- 1214011
TI  - An evaluation of two methods of bacteriocine typing of organisms of the genus
      Proteus.
AB  - An assessment of two simple methods of typing Proteus isolates using
      bacteriocines is described. The methods chosen were those of Cradock-Watson and
      Al-Jumaili. It has been shown that the use of liquid bacteriocine preparations is
      more satisfactory than methods involving proteocine production in solid media.
      For example, no non-typable isolates were encountered and a large number of
      strains were demonstrated. This method is therefore proposed for use in a routine
      diagnostic laboratory.

PMID- 1214013
TI  - Septicaemia due to Corynebacterium haemolyticum.
AB  - The clinical and microbiological features of a case of septicaemia due to
      Corynebacterium haemolyticum are described. Isolation of the organism from blood
      cultures taken at the time of admission, immediate response to penicillin,
      presence of agglutinating antibodies in high titre in the patient's serum, and
      our failure to find evidence of infection with any other pathogen suggests a
      causative role.

PMID- 1214012
TI  - Anaerobic and aerobic skin bacteria before and after skin-disinfection with
      chlorhexidine: an experimental study in volunteers.
AB  - The amount, composition, and localization of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in
      the normal skin before and after disinfection were the subject of a volunteer
      study. The superficial bacterial flora were sampled by velvet pad imprints, and
      the deep flora were determined from whole skin biopsies. Only one anaerobic
      species, Propionebacterium acnes, was encountered even though other and more
      strict anaerobic bacteria could have been grown with the anaerobic technique
      employed. Staphylococcus albus dominated among the aerobic superficial bacteria,
      while diphtheroids, Micrococcus spp., and lactobacilli occurred sporadically. The
      deep aerobic bacteria were present in a significantly greater amount than the
      anaerobic. A two-step cleansing/disinfection procedure was evaluated in vivo in
      volunteers as well as in surgical patients, and aqueous cetrimide/chlorhexidine
      (Savlon) followed by chlorhexidine in alcohol (Hibitane) almost eradicated both
      the superficial and deep anaerobic and aerobic skin flora.

PMID- 1214014
TI  - Platelet counts during normal pregnancy.
AB  - Eleven reports of platelet counts were found in the literature which reported a
      progressive increase, no change, or a progressive fall during pregnancy. The
      counts had been made using venous or capillary blood, with either simple dilution
      or red cell lysis prior to enumeration in a haemocytometer, with or without phase
      contrast microscopy. It was therefore decided to examine whole blood platelet
      counts taken during normal pregnancy. Results from 405 venous blood samples,
      using an electronic platelet counter, confirmed the finding of a significant
      progressive fall in platelet counts during normal pregnancy, the lowest counts
      falling in some women outside the recognized normal range of values.

PMID- 1214015
TI  - Platelet aggregability in relation to impaired consciousness after head injury.
AB  - ADP-induced platelet aggregation was studied for up to six weeks in 34 patients
      with head injuries. The patients were divided into three groups according to the
      degree of impaired consciousness assessed by a clinical coma scale, and change in
      platelet aggregation was related to the coma score. Platelet aggregation was
      markedly reduced in all eight patients dying within 24 hours of injury. All 17
      patients who remained unconscious for four days or more showed decreased platelet
      aggregation up to nine days after admission, the most marked effect being on the
      second day. Platelet function in this group returned to normal within 16 days.
      Nine patients with only slightly impaired consciousness also showed subnormal
      platelet aggregation during the first few days with a return to normal by the
      fourth day. Platelet counts remained within normal limits in all groups. We
      suggest that during coma following head injury brainstem dysfunction induces
      neurohumoral changes in the blood which are responsible for a decrease in
      platelet function.

PMID- 1214016
TI  - Serum fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products as a prognostic index in acute
      myocardial infarction.
AB  - A study of the prognostic value of serum fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products
      (FDP) in 137 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction showed a
      positive correlation between high FDP levels and poor prognosis. Both the
      frequency of complications and the mortality were related to increased levels of
      FDP, the highest of which were found between the fourth and eighth days after
      infarction.

PMID- 1214017
TI  - Diagnostic significance and source of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in
      cerebrospinal fluid of children with a variety of neurological disorders.
AB  - Two hundred and thirty-four cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 183
      different children were analysed for total lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity
      and LD isoenzyme distribution. The LD activities were elevated in the CSF of
      patients with meningitis, especially with bacterial infections, and with central
      nervous system (CNS) leukaemia. The CSF LD isoenzyme patterns of both groups
      generally reflected the number and distribution of lymphocytes and granulocytes
      in the CSF. Increases in CSF LD levels also occurred in patients with other
      neurological disorders, such as hydrocephalus, raised intracranial pressure, and
      epileptic seizures. However, no significant increases in CSF LD activity nor
      abnormality of the isoenzyme distribution were noted in children who had had a
      non-specific febrile convulsion.

PMID- 1214018
TI  - Lability of human creatine kinase isoenzymes at 37 degrees C: a complication of
      electrophoretic separation.
AB  - The activity of the brain specific isoenzyme of creatine kinase is shown to fall
      off rapidly at 37 degrees C, particularly in the presence of albumin.
      Dithiothreitol cannot reverse this lability. The implications of this  finding
      suggest that electrophoretic techniques which use incubation methods to detect
      the brain specific isoenzyme of creatine kinase may underestimate the true
      activity.

PMID- 1214019
TI  - A plastic bag system which facilitates the preparation and pooling of blood
      components.

PMID- 1214020
TI  - A linear graph for digoxin radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1214021
TI  - Trichoepithelioma and pigmented nevus. A combined malformation.
AB  - The occasional occurrences of combined hamartomas composed of nevus cell nevi and
      adnexal tumors are not chance happenings. Pigmented nevi are malformations
      consisting of nevus cells together with various connective tissue and epithelial
      components. The proliferation of these components results in the combined
      malformations, whose occurrence, we believe, is more supporting evidence for the
      idea that pigmented nevi may have other components besides nevus cells.

PMID- 1214023
TI  - Theoretical-practical course on dermatopathology.

PMID- 1214022
TI  - Cellular activity in the dermis surrounding the hair bulb in alopecia areata.
AB  - The metabolic activity of the cells in the connective tissue surrounding the hair
      bulb has been studied by radioautography in alopecia areata and in normal scalp,
      using in vitro incorporation of tritiated thymidine, uridine, histidine, leucine
      and proline. In alopecia areata, the hair bulbs are blocked in the anagen IV
      stage and DNA, RNA and protein synthesis are restrained. Cells in the papilla, as
      well as the cellular infiltrate, display a very low rate of metabolic activity.
      During regrowth in alopecia areata, the activity of endothelial cells is
      increased in the papillary and peribulbar layers before DNA, RNA and protein
      synthesis are restored in the epithelial cells of the hair bulb. The dermal and
      epithelial labelling patterns eventually reach levels comparable to those
      observed in an induced anagen IV state of a normal scalp. It is concluded that
      the progression from anagen IV to a further stage represents a critical period in
      the growth of hair that would closely depend upon an adequate metabolic function
      of the connective tissue. It is impaired in alopecia areata.

PMID- 1214024
TI  - Alopecia areata.

PMID- 1214025
TI  - [The influence of genotype on changes in serum protein composition of rats and
      their role in the development and manifestation of polymorphism in the body's
      protective-adaptive response].

PMID- 1214026
TI  - [The molecular mechanism of the fibrinogen--heparin complex formation reaction].

PMID- 1214027
TI  - [A comparative study of chromatin histones from the livers of white rats during
      postnatal ontogenesis].

PMID- 1214028
TI  - Dimensions of behavior problems among Oglala Sioux adolescents.
AB  - A factor analytic study of the Quay-Peterson (1967) Behavior Problem Checklist
      among American Indians indicated cross-cultural factor similarity for conduct
      problems. Personality problems and inadequacy-immaturity did not replicate across
      cultures. Results are discussed in the context of Sioux culture.

PMID- 1214029
TI  - Facial attractiveness and personal-social development.
AB  - The relationship between physical attractiveness and personal-social development
      was examined. The entire third, fourth, and fifth grade school population (N=440)
      was administered a self-concept and peer acceptance measure. School pictures of
      these children were then rated into attractive and unattractive groups (N = 84).
      Three separate three-factor (sex X attractiveness X grade) analyses of variance
      indicated attractive children were more socially accepted than their unattractive
      peers and had higher self-concepts.

PMID- 1214030
TI  - The reward value of peers. A variable influencing the efficacy of filmed modeling
      in modifying social isolation in preschoolers.
AB  - Sixteen socially isolate preschoolers were classified as peer- or non-peer
      oriented on the basis of their responses to a test devised to measure the reward
      value of peers. Half of the subjects in each classification were assigned to a
      modeling treatment and viewed a film depicting appropriate social behavior in the
      nursery school; half served as controls and saw an animal film. Peer-oriented
      modeling film subjects increased significantly more in their peer social
      interactions at posttest and follow-up assessments than did the non-peer-oriented
      modeling group. In addition, both peer-oriented and non-peer-oriented modeling
      groups were significantly higher on peer interaction than the control groups.
      Alternative and supplemental procedures for increasing isolate preschoolers'
      social interaction are discussed.

PMID- 1214031
TI  - The effects of reward and punishment on reaction times and autonomic activity in
      hyperactive and normal children.
AB  - The performance of hyperactive and control children was compared on a delayed
      reaction time task under three reinforcement conditions: reward, punishment, and
      reward plus punishment. Hyperactives had slower and more variable reaction times,
      suggesting an attentional deficit. Although each of the three reinforcement
      conditons was successful in improving reaction times for both subject groups,
      reward led to a significant increase in impulsive responses in the hyperactive
      children. Autonomic data revealed that reward also increased arousal to a greater
      extent than punishment or reward plus punishment. Although resting skin
      conductance was not different in the two groups of subjects, hyperactives
      produced fewer specific autonomic responses to signal stimuli.

PMID- 1214033
TI  - A comparison of objective measures of activity and distractibility in hyperactive
      and nonhyperactive children.
AB  - In a 15-minute free-play and a 5-minute test session, 13 measures of activity,
      distractibility, and parental ratings of activity were obtained on three groups
      of children, consisting of 16 boys referred to a psychological services center
      for evaluation of possible hyperactivity, 16 referred to that same center for
      problems other than hyperactivity, and 20 obtained from the local community.
      Subjects were boys with average intelligence between the ages of 4 and 12 years.
      Results indicated that the multiple measures of activity and distractibility had
      significant but relatively low order correlations among themselves. These
      relationships varied as a function of the subject group. However, there was no
      sonsistent relationship between the measures of activity and distractibility. The
      pattern of relationships obtained suggested that both activity level and
      distractibility are not homogeneous, unidimensional constructs. Results also
      indicated that boys referred for hyperactivity displayed greater wrist activity
      in free play, tended to display greater ankle activity in free play, had
      significantly correlated wrist and ankle activity, and were rated by their
      parents as more active than other children. This pattern suggested a global
      restlessness in children referred for hyperactivity that distinguishes them from
      other children.

PMID- 1214032
TI  - Conners' Teacher Rating Scale for use in drug studies with children--an empirical
      study.
AB  - Their classroom teachers rated 291 schoolchildren, grades kindergarten through 6,
      on Conners' Teacher Rating Scale, developed for and used widely in drug studies
      in children. Scores were found to be significantly lower than those reported for
      a similar group of 92 New York children and considerably less than those of a
      group of 64 children receiving medication for deviant behavior. Boys generally
      had higher scores for acting-out-type behavior while girls scored higher on
      neuroticism. The factor structure in this sample showed some differences from
      that in Conners' original analysis but they are insufficient for any change in
      the widely accepted scoring system, except perhaps to add a fifth factor of
      sociability.

PMID- 1214034
TI  - Adolescent verbal behavior. An investigation of noncontent styles as related to
      race and delinquency status.
AB  - This investigation assessed the relationship of race and delinquent status with
      the noncontent verbal behavior of adolescent males. A standardized videotape
      interview was used to ensure consistent stimulus presentation. Sixteen white and
      sixteen black delinquents were compared with equal numbers of nondelinquents on
      the noncontent verbal measures of total time (performance time), units
      (frequency), and latency. It was predicted that nondelinquents would be more
      verbal than delinquents and whites would be more verbal than blacks. No racial
      differences were found. Delinquents, however, were found to talk significantly
      less than nondelinquents and to have significantly longer verbal latencies.
      Discussion of these results centered on the verbal demand characteristics of
      certain settings, such as classrooms and court hearings.

PMID- 1214035
TI  - The comparison of antisocial and prosocial children on multicriterion measures at
      summer camp.
AB  - Eighty-four prosocial children and 14 children defined as antisocial according to
      various diagnostic measures utilized by the professional therapeutic community
      were compared as to incidences of prosocial, nonsocial, and antisocial behaviors
      exhibited at a summer camp. Additionally, the children and their group counselors
      completed various inventories posited to measure antisocial behavior. A time
      sampling procedure used to secure behavioral measurements on the children each
      day, when possible, during 60-minute intervals for a 5-week period, revealed no
      significant differences on prosocial,nonsocial, and antisocial behavior. Self
      inventories provided data contradictory to the behavioral data. The results of
      the study are discussed in terms of the difficulties involved in operationalizing
      the concept of antisocial behavior and the possibility that the antisocial
      children may have been labeled.

PMID- 1214036
TI  - [Breast cytology. Its place in the diagnosis of tumors].
AB  - Our work consists in the review of the experience in our hospital over 9 months
      and 110 cases in which tumours of the breast were seen. In most of them a
      clinical study, a radiological study, a thermographic study and a cytological and
      histological study was carried out. This shows that an examination of the
      ctyology is a very useful addition to the work-up to be carried out before
      therapy is started. The difficulty in cytology of the breast lies in the
      obviously serious problems in interpretation of the appearances, and explains why
      there are 2.7% of false negatives and 0.9% of false positives. All the same we
      think that we can find out how to lessen the number of these failures in
      diagnosis by a better knowledge of the traps to be found in breast cytology. Far
      from being a substitute for pathological anatomy, cytology is an indispensable
      complement to the study of the pathology of the breast.

PMID- 1214037
TI  - [The carotid piezogram in obstetrics].
AB  - The carotid piezogram is a very simple test. The graph illustrates the elasticity
      of the arteries and the peripheral resistance. It is the best way of evaluating
      the vascular state of the pregnant woman when vascul-renal syndromes occur in
      pregnancy. The authors have studied three elements in the graph and their
      modifications resulting from the different types of vasculo-renal syndromes. The
      piezogram is a valuable test for fetal prognosis: the degree of hypotrophy and
      the risk of fetal death. Furthermore the piezogram sometimes may be the only
      alarm signal before the other clinical or paraclinical features for prognosis
      occur. In any case the piezogram give the best information. Furthermore, it can
      uncover the rise in peripheral resistance which is the cause of certain fetal
      hypotrophies when nothing else would point to the vascular system being affected.
      Often an abnormal piezogram is found for the first time in pregnancy and the
      graph becomes normal in the months after delivery. Pregnancy may be considered as
      a "test for vascular function" when vascular functional troubles will show up for
      a short time, not to declare themselves again for perhaps another ten to twenty
      years. The piezogram therefore is very valuable as a long-term prognostic tool
      for the mother.

PMID- 1214038
TI  - [Determination of prolactin].
AB  - Prolactin is a pituitary stimulating hormone which is capable of inducing and
      maintaining lactation. The recent introduction of very sensitive methods of
      estimating the levels have led to its isolation and identification of its physico
      chemical characteristics in the human and also to the physio-pathological study
      of its secretion. The authors demonstrate a human homologous radio-immune level
      estimating technique which uses a human anti-prolactin serum obtained from the
      rabbit human prolactin highly purified with iodine 125 using the lacto-peroxydase
      method. This radio-immune level estimation constitutes a feasible and
      satisfactory approach for the base level of prolactin. The spread of results
      which have been obtained, however, showed that one sole estimation is not
      sufficient. The authors draw attention to the need to carry out dynamic tests of
      stimulation or of braking in order to reveal possible abnormalities of prolactin
      secretion.

PMID- 1214039
TI  - [Clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma in young girls. Apropos of a personal case].
AB  - A personal case which has been studied has given the authors the opportunity of
      analysing the characteristics of clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in a
      young girl. Adhesions are most often discovered in cases of metrorrhagia or
      discharge about the time of puberty. Thence as a friable tumour on the anterior
      wall of the vagina. Usually diethylstilboestrol has been given during
      intrauterine life. Histologically clear cell carcinomata of the vagina are
      characterised by a glandular structure in which large cells with large nuclei and
      clear cytoplasm as well as small cells with "tapestry-maker nail patterns" are
      found together. Treatment is surgical: total colpohysterectomy with conservation
      of the ovaries, with lymphadenectomy and with conservation of a vaginal cavity.
      Prevention consists in screening those who have been exposed to the risk and
      treating lesions that have been found, but above all in care in using estrogens
      in pregnant women.

PMID- 1214040
TI  - [Role of varicocele in male sterility].
AB  - After they had analysed 50 cases of varicocoele the authors decided to put in
      writing some of their ideas. They conclude that varicocoele is often sub
      clinical, localised to the right side, bilateral only in a number of cases.
      Although neither the sperm count nor the histology of the testes show specific
      pathological features, treatment of the condition brings worthwhile rewards.
      About 40% of patients father pregnancies.

PMID- 1214041
TI  - To die young, to die old management of terminal illness at age 20 and at age 85:
      case reports. Death and dying in an 85-year-old woman.
AB  - In conclusion, preparing for death is a developmental task. Whether faced with
      acute illness or old age, the inevitability of death comprises part of the mental
      life of all of us. As with all other developmental tasks, the quality of mastery
      depends on mastery of earlier developmental tasks and the related adaptive
      capacities of the ego. Mrs. F. had the good fortune of family support, concrete
      help in the household, and casework treatment that many of the aged do not have.
      However, past experiences, coupled with an ability to work out problems and to
      utilize available external resources, helped her to work through feelings about
      her own impending death.

PMID- 1214042
TI  - To die young, to die old management of terminal illness at age 20 and at age 85:
      case reports. Discussion.

PMID- 1214043
TI  - Some experiences in consulting to a community of retired soldiers.
AB  - This paper describes how a general psychiatrist entering a stable community of
      retired soldiers worked within the community's bounds and utilized its unique
      resources to augment its mental health services.

PMID- 1214044
TI  - Editorial: Some special concerns about race and health: an editorial finale.

PMID- 1214045
TI  - Measurement and classification in socio-psychiatric epidemiology: midtown
      Manhattan study (1954) and midtown Manhattan restudy (1974).

PMID- 1214046
TI  - Life events, social integration and psychiatric symptomatology.

PMID- 1214047
TI  - The telencephalon of the sea catfish Galeichthys felis.
AB  - The sea catfish is a relatively abundant teleost fish. Its placement on the
      phylogenetic scale remains in question, although its brain resembles grossly
      those of some of the other teleosts which also possess pedunculated olfactory
      bulbs. The forebrain of Galeichthys felis consists of two hemispheres which lack
      lateral ventricles. They are joined at the midline by a thin membrane
      ventromedially and by the hippocampal and anterior commissures. The telencephalic
      hemispheres are overlaid by a single, ventrolaterally attached membrane which is
      continuous rostrally with the roofs of the olfactory ventricles. Six basic
      nuclear regions are evident in the telencephalon of the sea catfish: a
      dorsomedial, a ventromedial, a ventral, a lateral, a dorsal and a central.
      Dorsomedially, the primordial hippocampal formation is divided into an anterior
      continuation, a primordial dentate gyrus, a primordial cornu ammonis and a
      primordial subiculum. Ventromedially, the precommissural septum consists of the
      medial septal nucleus (pars dorsalis and pars ventralis), the lateral septal
      nucleus and the nuclei of the hippocampal and anterior commissure. Ventrally, the
      medial and the lateral zones and the medial island constitute the tuberculum
      olfactorium. The primordial general pallium comprises the dorsal area. Laterally,
      the primordial piriform cortex and the prepiriform region overlie the relatively
      large primordial amygdaloid complex, which includes an anterior anygdaloid
      nucleus, a primordial corticomedial amygdaloid nucleus and a primordial
      basolateral amygdaloid nucleus. The hyperstriatum, the neostriatum, and
      paleostriatum augmentatum and the paleostriatum primitivum constitute the central
      region. Basic fiber systems in Galeichthys felis which are homologous to those of
      higher vertebrates include the medial and the lateral olfactory tracts, the
      fornix, the medial and the lateral forebrain bundles, the stria medullaris
      pathways and the stria terminalis. In spite of the lack of lateral telencephalic
      ventricles in this form, nuclear areas were defined which, on the basis of
      topography, cellular morphology and fiber pathways, were homologized with the six
      basic regions found in the forebrain of higher vertebrates. The basic pattern of
      the fiber pathways present in the sea catfish corresponds to that found in the
      other submammalian vertebrates.

PMID- 1214049
TI  - The spino - cerebellar tracts in rabbit.
AB  - In young mature rabbits the spinal cord was damaged within lateral funicles and
      adjacent parts of the dorsal and ventral funicles. After 5-8 days of survival,
      control examinations were performed to find the extension of the lesion of the
      spinal cord, as well as studies of the cerebellum by Nauta method to investigate
      the site of the changed nervous fibres. After injuring the spinal cord on the
      level of neuromer C3 the degeneration of nervous fibres was found on both side
      within the anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum. In the anterior lobe
      the degeneration referred to lobules I up to the anterior part of lobule V; in
      the posterior lobe it referred to lobule VIIIa, and VIIIb of the vermal zone, as
      well as to the adjacent parts of the hemispheres. When the spinal cord was
      damaged on the level of neuromer Th7 the degeneration of nervous fibres was seen
      in the same regions of the cerebellum, but mainly on the side of the lesion. When
      the spinal cord was damaged on the level of neuromer L2 the fibres changed by
      degeneration were met within the same regions of the anterior and posterior lobes
      of the cerebellum, but mostly on the side opposite the lesion. The changes were
      smaller in this region than in the two kinds of lesions discussed before. The
      results allow to assume that the ventral and dorsal spinocerebellar tracts end in
      the same regions of the cortex of the vermal zone and the intermediate zone of
      the anterior and posterior cerebellar lobe. The dorsal spinocerebellar tract
      seems to end on the same side, while the ventral spino-cerebellar tract ends
      almost exclusively on the opposite side of the symmetry plane.

PMID- 1214048
TI  - On the normal histochemistry of trace metals in the brain.
AB  - Timm's sulphide silver method is generally regarded as a sensitive histochemical
      method for transition metals, group 2b metals, and heavy metals. It has been used
      frequently both for investigating the localization of metals normally present in
      various tissues and, in animal experiments, for tracing the distribution of
      metals administered in toxic amounts. The present author has standardized the
      method to ensure a reproducible, strong, sulphide silver staining in the central
      nervous system of the rat, and made the following light microscopic findings,
      briefly summarized: 1) White matter is only very lightly stainable, some of this
      stain clearly being confined to glial perikarya and processes. 2) The staining of
      glia (in white and grey matter) is differentiated both according to region and
      type of cell. 3) The latter is also true for neuronal somata. 4) Within the
      neuropil there are sharp borders as well as diffuse gradients with respect ot
      staining density. Most of the stain is confined to granules about the size of
      synaptic boutons. The staining of neuropil in the cerebral cortex has received
      special emphasis: It is stronger than in most other regions and its exquisite
      laminar distribution faithfully reproduces known synaptic fields, suggesting a
      close association with certain fibre systems or types of synapses. This
      conclusion is supported by the previous electron microscopic finding of
      precipitate within the large hippocampal mossy fibre boutons, and by preliminary
      electron microscopic and experimental data for other laminae and fields within
      the hippocampus. The histochemical validity of the sulphide silver method has
      been extensively discussed elsewhere. It seems appropriate to conclude that the
      staining pattern described light microscopically gives a valid picture of the
      distribution of one or more, but not all, important transition metal fractions
      within the brain. The use of intravital chelation for manipulating the stainable
      metals are discussed. Several basal questions to be answered on the path towards
      an understanding of their functions are suggested. Thus a solid factual basis
      should be provided upon which to start a rational search for disturbances of
      their functions.

PMID- 1214050
TI  - [Morphological and histological study of neocortex of bovides (Antilopinae,
      Cephalophinae) and Tragulidae with comments on evolutionary development].
AB  - 1. Macroscopical and histological studies on the neocortex of the cerebrum of
      small Artiodactyla (Tragulidae, Cephalophinae, Antilopinae) lead to some
      informations on the level of evolution of these animals. 2. A big part of the
      macroscopical investigations (pattern of sulci, relations between bodyweight and
      brainweight on the one hand and surface of neocortex on the other hand) already
      had been realized by HAARMANN and OBOUSSIER (1972). Therefore in this paper only
      the results for the Tragulidae and Cephalophus sylvicultor are added. The first
      are relatively primitive, while the latter obviously is a higher developed
      animal. C. sylvicultor fits into the general scheme of the brain of the
      Cephalophinae. 3. The investigations are complemented by microscopical
      investigations (histology of the neocortex: number of nerve cells per volume
      unit, gray cell and cortex coefficient, thickness of the neocortex). The
      knowledge of the evolution level obtained by macroscopical methods is confirmed.
      The Tragulidae are clearly separated from the other Artiodactyla as primitive
      animals, whereas the Cephalophinae measured with the cortex coefficient are the
      most developed, most "intelligent" Bovidae so far analyzed in this paper. The
      Antilopinae reach only lower coefficients. This subfamily may be separated into
      three groups (Antilopini, Neotragini, Oreotragus). The differences between the
      Antilopinae and the Cephalophinae are not so striking as between these Bovidae
      and the Tragulidae.

PMID- 1214051
TI  - Golgi studies on the amygdaloid nuclei of the cat.
AB  - The amygdaloid complex was studied in the cat in Golgi-Kopsch stained section
      series. Golgi type I (or long axon) neurons are present in all the amygdaloid
      nuclei. They vary in the different nuclei in shape, arrangement and in size but
      all have axons that leave the amygdala to establish connections with other
      regions. They usually have one or more initial locally arborizing collaterals.
      Two types of interneurons with short axons (Golgi type II) can be distinguished
      especially in the basal, lateral, cortical nuclei and in the amygdaloid area. One
      type has an axon arborizing by repeated dichotomical ramifications or in a
      fountain-like manner, but it does not extend beyond the span of the dendritic
      tree. The other type has more the character of the neurogliform cells with
      extremely delicate, beaded processes, the axon and dendrites cannot be easily
      distinguished. A third type of interneurons was observed in the lateral and basal
      nuclei. This type of interneurons has a longer axon, which divides into two
      branches, one arborizes in the neighborhood of the cell body, the other passes on
      for a further distance to terminate in other nuclei of the complex. The
      classification of this cell type, hence, is a matter of argument. The
      intraamygdaloid course of fibers associated with the stria terminalis was
      studied. The terminal arborizations of the afferent component were observed in
      the cortical and basolateral nuclei, the afferent component of the stria
      originates from cells in the central, cortical and medial nuclei. A reciprocal
      connection between the preamygdaloid part of the piriform cortical areas and the
      ventrolateral part of the amygdala could be ascertained. Terminal arborizations
      of some of these cortical afferents were observed in the basolateral nuclei.

PMID- 1214052
TI  - [Postnatal development of Rattus norvegicus B. cortical neurons and the influence
      of trauma].
AB  - The differentiation of the pyramid neurons during ontogenesis and the effects of
      a trauma on the process of neuron differentiation and synaptogenesis were
      investigated in the rat cerebral cortex after Golgi-impregnation. 1. There are
      temporal differences in the differentiation of the processes of cortical neurons.
      Axons differentiate earlier than dendrites, apical dendrites earlier than basal
      ones. 2. Varicosities in the processes of cortical neurons during the early
      postnatal period are regarded as a feature of growth processes. 3. The appearance
      of the dendritic spines is an important process in the ontogenetic and
      phylogenetic development of cortical neurons. 4. The different cortical layers
      show a different degree of differentiation during development. The deeper layers
      precede the upper layers in the process of differentiation. 5. Ingrowing
      afferents have an essential influence on the differentiation - especially on the
      differentiation of the dendritic postsynaptic structures. 6. The cortex of 6
      month old rats shows no principle differences in comparison with 24 days old
      animals. It is concluded that the visible differentiation processes of cortical
      neurons are nearly finished 24 days post partum. 7. As an effect of the trauma a
      considerable loss of dendritic spines of layer III and V pyramid cells is found
      in addition to general degeneration features. 8. The following factors are
      thought to be responsible for the loss of spines: (i) transneuronal processes
      with spine degeneration and subsequent phagocytosis of the synaptosome. (ii)
      destruction of differentiation furthering afferents results in differentiation
      defects of the neuron with the failure of further postsynaptic differentiation
      (spines).

PMID- 1214053
TI  - A morphological study of the lateral olfactory areas of the telencephalon in the
      mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus.
AB  - This study concerns the morphological description of the nuclear groups and fiber
      tracts in the olfactory areas in the lateral wall of the hemisphere of the
      gerbil. The sense of olfaction is assumed to play an important role in the
      gerbil's behavior (see Vol. 15, Sect. 4). The hippocampal formation, amygdala and
      corpus striatum are well-developed and differentiated structures in the gerbil.
      These areas receive either direct or indirect olfactory connections through such
      pathways as the medial and lateral olfactory tracts. Other fiber tracts such as
      the anterior commissure, fornix, stria terminalis and the lateral forebrain
      bundle, carrying somatic and/or visceral fibers, as well, distribute olfactory
      impulses to numerous areas of the gerbil's brain. The lateral forebrain bundle
      (perhaps the major correlative fiber tract for olfactory, visceral and somatic
      impulses) begins in the striatum and terminates in the ventral thalamus and
      midbrain tegmentum. From there fibers are sent to the spinal cord, thereby
      effecting voluntary motor responses.

PMID- 1214054
TI  - [Capillary vessels connecting cells in rat brain].
AB  - A method for their demonstration and the morphological characteristics of a type
      of small cells found in adult rat brains are presented. In lightoptical levels
      these cells have a simple shape. With their usually unbranched processes these
      cells are bridging generally two, seldom three or more blood capillaries.

PMID- 1214055
TI  - The isocortex of the ox (Bos taurus). I. The sulci and gyri.
AB  - A simplified scheme of the functionally important gyri and the sulci delimiting
      these areas, in the ox, is presented. The criteria used are the cyto- and myelo
      architecture of the different areas and their correlation with the available
      physiological information of the nearest ungulates. The preparation of the brain
      map and experimental studies to determine the thalamocortical connections and
      later electrophysiological studies are thus possible. The following conclusions
      have been drawn: 1. The coronoansate sulci are the equivalents of the central
      sulcus of man. 2. The cruciate sulcus delimits the motor cortex caudally. 3. The
      equivalent of the calcarine sulcus of man, is the caudal part of the intralimbic
      sulcus, the axial sulcus of the striate area. 4. The suprasylvian sulcus forms
      the equivalent of the parietooccipital fissure of man. 5. The equivalent gyri of
      the isocortical areas of man are defined and the mechanical processes involved in
      the deformation pattern of the sagittaly oriented gyri of the subprimate mammals
      resulting in the coronal gyral pattern of man, are described.

PMID- 1214056
TI  - The isocortex of the ox (Bos taurus). II. The cortical types, serial sections and
      brain map.
AB  - 1. The cerebral hemispheres of the bovine brain have been studied by making
      serial sections in the different planes and employing Nissl, myelin and silver
      (protargol) methods. 2. Ten different cortical (architectural) types have been
      determined. 3. The somatomotor (Ms I, Ms II), somatosensory (Sm I, Sm II),
      auditory and visual areas of the cerebral cortex have been delimited. 4. A brain
      map with a symbolic scheme, has been prepared, based on the cyto- and
      myeloarchitectural findings and comparative experimental work on the nearest
      ungulates, other subprimates and primates including man. 5. The importance of the
      general eulaminate cortex, and its abundance in the frontal, temporal, and
      parietal lobes of man, which distinguish the human from the other brains are
      indicated. 6. It is concluded that the preparation of a brain map for this
      species, is the first step towards future experimental, neurophysiological and
      related fields of work.

PMID- 1214057
TI  - [Morphometrical-statistical structure analysis of human striatum, pallidum and
      subthalamic nucleus].
AB  - 1. A morphometric-statistical analysis was carried out of fifteen hemispheres of
      thirteen normal brains of human adults. 2. A comparison of the volumes and the
      cell densities studied in serial sections is only meaningful if the results are
      corrected for shrinkage, which varies interindividually to a great extent. 3. The
      mean of the fresh volume of the striatum of the male subjects (10.2 cm3) was 12%
      higher than that of the female subjects (9.0 cm3), the difference not being
      significant. The putamen was 13% bigger on the average than the caudate nucleus.
      The size of the two nuclei was strictly correlated (r = 0.81). 4. The relative
      volume of the striatum in percent of the hemisphere volume amounted to 1.87% in
      males and 1.97% in females, of the putamen 0.99% (male) and 1.05% (female), of
      the caudate nucleus 0.88% and 0.92%, respectively. 5. The mean of the numerical
      density of small striatal nerve cells (kl. Nz) -- corrected for shrinkage -- came
      to 1100 kl. Nz/mm3, without evidence of being dependent of sex or age. 6. The
      corrected numerical density of the large striatal nerve cells (gr. Nz) had a mean
      of 65 gr. Nz/mm3 with a wide range of 49 to 78 gr. Nz/mm3, without a significant
      influence of sex or age. 7. The relation of kl. Nz/gr. Nz was on an average of
      171:1 with a range of 130:1 to 258:1. 8. The mean of the corrected numerical
      density of glial cells (Gz) was found to be 41000 Gz/mm3 with a range of 34500 to
      49200. Neither a difference between sexes nor a dependency of age was found. 9.
      The glia index (Gz/Nz) showed a mean of 37:1 with a range of 3.2:1 to 4.7:1. 10.
      The total number of small striatal cells averaged 100 million for males and 105
      Million for females; for the large striatal cells the means were 670 thousand
      (male) and 570 thousand (female). Differences due to sex failed to be
      significant. 11. The total number of glial cells decreases with age. The mean of
      408 million for males exceeded the mean of 380 million for females by 7% but
      without significance. 12. The volumetric density of nerve cells of males (4.03
      Vol.-%) and females (4.14 Vol.-%) differed very little. 13. The mean fresh volume
      of a single small nerve cell in the striatum was calculated to be about 3600
      mum3, ranging from 2600 to 4600 mum3. 14. The striatal nerve cells reached a
      total volume of 423 mm3 in males and 374 mm3 in females. 15. The mean of the
      diameter of the nucleus of the small nerve cells was calculated to be 8.64 mum in
      males and 8.70 mum in females.

PMID- 1214059
TI  - [Morphometrical-statistical structure analysis of human striatum, pallidus and
      subthalamic nucleus. II. Globus pallidus].
AB  - 1. The pallidum of 13 hemispheres of 11 human brains of normal adults was studied
      by morphometric-statistical methods. 2. The values obtained on paraffin-embedded
      frontal serial sections were corrected individually for shrinkage in order to get
      comparable fresh values. 3. The mean fresh volume of the pallidum laterale of
      males (1220 mm3) was 13% higher than that of females (1065 mm3). The
      corresponding mean values of the pallidum mediale were 520 mm3 (male) and 430 mm3
      (female), the difference being 17%. The difference between sexes failed to be
      significant. The lateral segment accounted for about 70% of the total volume of
      the pallidum. 4. The pallidum occupied 0,32% or ca. 1 over 300 of the volume of
      the hemisphere. 5. The numeric cell densities showed no significant age or sex
      differences. The mean value of the lateral pallidum was 437 nerve cells/mm3 and
      of the medial part 327 nerve cells/mm3, the difference being highly significant
      (p less than 0,001). 6. The pallidum laterale showed a numerical density of 66000
      glial cells/mm3, the medial segment had 62000 glial cells/mm3, the difference
      just reaching the 5% -- level of significance. 7. On the average the ratio of
      glial cells to nerve cells was 158:1 in the lateral pallidum, and 159:1 in the
      medial part. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0,01). 8.
      The mean of the total number of nerve cells in the pallidum laterale amounted to
      540000 for males and 465000 for females. The corresponding values of the medial
      part were 171000 (male) and 143000 (female). The total number of pallidal nerve
      cells is just about as high as the number of large striatal nerve cells (670000
      (male) and 570000 (female). 9. In the pallidum laterale we calculated the total
      number of glial cells to be 82 million for males and 63 million for females. In
      the medial pallidum we found 32 million (male) and 26 million (female). 10. The
      total numbers of nerve and glial cells were well correlated in the lateral as
      well as in the medial segment (r = 0,636 and r = 0,734, respectively). 11. The
      volumetric nerve cell densities showed no significant differences between sexes.
      The values were 0,36 Vol.-% lateral and 0,31 Vol.-% medial. This difference
      failed to be significant. 12. The volumetric densities of the glial cell nuclei
      were equal in both segments, the value being 0,43 Vol.-%. They were strictly
      correlated (r = 0,830). 13. The mean volume of a nerve cell in the medial segment
      (9600 mum3) was 19% higher (p less than 0,05) than in the lateral segment (8100
      mum). 14. The mean volume of a nucleus of a glial cell showed only insignificant
      differences, being lateral 65 mum3 and medial 70 mum3. 15. The various
      morphometric data indicated a closer correlation between striatum and pallidum
      laterale than between striatum and pallidum mediale. Within the striatum, the
      putamen showed a better correlation with the pallidum than the nucleus caudatus.

PMID- 1214058
TI  - [Afferents of vagus nerve to intercalary nucleus].
AB  - In 11 rabbits operations of intracranial transection of IXth and Xth cranial
      nerves and transections of vagal nerve on its several levels were performed.
      After survival 271-327 days karyometric investigations of neurons, astrocytes and
      oligodendrocytes contained in intercalary nuclei of both sides of medulla were
      performed. It was stated that after transection of the vagus nerve on the levels
      proximally to the arising of the recurrent laryngeal nerve the volume of cross
      area of neurons and nuclei of astrocytes decreases on the operated side. The
      authors concluded that atrophic changes found in the intercalary nucleus may be
      probable of transsynaptic in character. It indicated, that intercalary nucleus
      receives afferents from the vagus nerve.

PMID- 1214060
TI  - A study of social characteristics of chronic repeaters in medical examinations.

PMID- 1214062
TI  - Central haemangioma of the maxilla.

PMID- 1214061
TI  - Gentamycin in the treatment of urinary tract infection in patients with normal
      and impaired renal functions.

PMID- 1214063
TI  - Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome).

PMID- 1214064
TI  - Weber-Christian disease.

PMID- 1214065
TI  - Editorial: The recent epidemic of conjunctivitis.

PMID- 1214066
TI  - Synovial fluid analysis in diagnosis.

PMID- 1214067
TI  - Letter: Medical education through vernacular.

PMID- 1214068
TI  - Study of birth weight and its relation with gestational age and maternal factors.

PMID- 1214069
TI  - A reappraisal of pattern of cardiovascular disorders in India.

PMID- 1214070
TI  - Coronary prone personality.

PMID- 1214071
TI  - Lignocaine in cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 1214072
TI  - Mitral stenosis in the young.

PMID- 1214073
TI  - Aetiopathogenesis of essential hypertension and its management.

PMID- 1214074
TI  - Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva.

PMID- 1214075
TI  - Cardiothoracic surgery at Stanley Hospital during 1948-53.

PMID- 1214076
TI  - Glomerulonephritis (current concepts of pathogenesis and pathology).

PMID- 1214077
TI  - Gynaecological problems in childhood and adolescence.

PMID- 1214078
TI  - Albers-Schoenberg disease.

PMID- 1214079
TI  - Editorial: Malaria rides again.

PMID- 1214080
TI  - Malaria back again.

PMID- 1214081
TI  - Incidence of eosinophilia in mitral stenosis in Mangalore.

PMID- 1214082
TI  - Drug interaction and its clinical implications.

PMID- 1214083
TI  - Emergencies in toxicology in the eyes of a medicolegalist.

PMID- 1214084
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma of kidney.

PMID- 1214085
TI  - Haemangio-endothelioma of the liver in an infant with cardiac failure.

PMID- 1214086
TI  - Editorial: Drug interactions.

PMID- 1214087
TI  - Drugs: need for quality control.

PMID- 1214088
TI  - Observation of spread of serum hepatitis or H.A.A. positive hepatitis by route
      other than needle injection.

PMID- 1214089
TI  - Epidermoid cyst of skull.

PMID- 1214090
TI  - On the QT.

PMID- 1214091
TI  - Medical grand rounds from Touro Infirmary: Tuberculous Meningitis.

PMID- 1214092
TI  - [Editorial: Hypertension: a problem with a solution].

PMID- 1214093
TI  - Evaluation of a hypertension conference.

PMID- 1214094
TI  - Endocrine factors in hypertension.

PMID- 1214095
TI  - The office hypertensive.

PMID- 1214096
TI  - Drug therapy of hypertension: efficacy and cost.

PMID- 1214097
TI  - Faint visualization of the gallbladder.

PMID- 1214098
TI  - Pseudoventricular tachyarrhythmia.

PMID- 1214099
TI  - Clinical research in speech pathology.

PMID- 1214100
TI  - Combined approach for massive nasopharyngeal fibroma.
AB  - A combined approach by the transpalatal and transmaxillary routes has proved to
      be a better technique for total surgical extirpation of extensive nasopharyngeal
      fibroma, and it has been used already in seven cases without recurrence over a
      period of three years. The transmaxillary route includes removal of the middle
      one-third of the maxilla, i.e. the lateral, medial and posterior walls of the
      maxilla with the inferior turbinate bone.

PMID- 1214101
TI  - The effect of oestrogen on the nasal respiratory mucosa. An experimental
      histopathological and histochemical study.
AB  - An experimental histopathological and histochemical work carried out in thirty
      guinea-pigs of an average weight of 475 gm. receiving oestrogen in the form of
      ethynyl oestradiol in a dose of 10 microgram/animal/day and aiming at a study of
      the effects of oestrogen on the respiratory nasal mucosa. The histopathalogical
      lesions of the respiratory nasal mucosa were in the form of squamous metaplasia
      and spongiosis of the lining epithelium, with oedema of the underlying corium,
      glandular hyperplasia submucosal cellular infiltration, increased vascularity and
      some vascular changes in the form of endothelial proliferation with intimal
      thickening. Histochemical enzymatic alterations were in the form of increased
      succinic dehydrogenase activity in the epithelium as well as in the hyperplastic
      submucous glands, intensified reaction of the acid phosphatase in the cells of
      the corium, and the appearance of alkaline phosphatase activity in the apical
      parts of the cells lining the glands, indicating increased secretory activity.
      All the changes obtained in the histopathological and histochemical studies can
      be attributed to hormonal stimulation of the nasal mucosa.

PMID- 1214102
TI  - Radiographic study of scleroma.

PMID- 1214103
TI  - Aplasia of the first and second branchial arches.
AB  - This case report of an otocephalic monster gave the opportunity to study severe
      orofacial anomalies with a view to clarifying the present position in regard to
      the so-called first and second arch syndrome. Finding the causal mechanism of
      this syndrome will eventually lead to prevention and, it is hoped, eradication of
      this syndrome.

PMID- 1214104
TI  - The emotional impact of cancer on patients and their families.

PMID- 1214105
TI  - The rehabilitation for patients following head and neck surgery.

PMID- 1214106
TI  - Physiological tympanostomy. A new technique of middle ear ventilation.
AB  - Physiological tympanostomy is advanced as a 'substitute' eustachian tube because
      it opens regularly only on swallowing, as does the 'natural' eustachian tube. The
      efficacy of the physiological tympanostomy operation was first proved in
      experimental animals (two dogs). Subsequently, six patients with eustachian
      insufficiency were successfully managed by this new surgical technique within
      period of one year, with no post-operative complications. The hearing improved
      and the middle ears remained air-filled. The method seems to have the following
      merits: permanent ventilation of the tympanum with preservation of an intact drum
      (from the functional point of view); no tympanophonia or autophonia; simple
      technique, short operative period (five minutes); no risk of postoperative
      complications; and no danger of ascending infection of the middle ear from the
      ear canal. The demerits appear to be: drainage not ensured; no facility to
      increase the middle ear pressure by the Valsalva manoeuvre or, Politzerization.

PMID- 1214107
TI  - Bilateral transnasal cauterization of the vidian nerve in vasomotor rhinitis.
AB  - A brief report of twenty cases of bilateral cauterization of the Vidian Nerve
      Canals in intractable non-atopic chronic Vasomotor Rhinitis by a Trans-Nasal
      approach not previously described is given. The authors find this approach to be
      a much safer and simpler procedure than either the Trans-Septal or the Trans
      Antral routes. The advantages of this approach to the Vidian Nerve Canal over the
      Trans-Septal and Trans-Antral routes are discussed.

PMID- 1214108
TI  - Computer simulation of flagellar movement. III. Models incorporating cross-bridge
      kinetics.
AB  - A computer simulation procedure is used to analyze the generation of propagated
      bending waves by flagellar models in which active sliding is generated by a cycle
      of cross-bridge activity. Two types of cross-bridge cycle have been examined in
      detail. In both cycles, cross-bridge attachment is followed immediately by a
      configurational change in the cross-bridge, which transfers energy to a stretched
      elastic element and generates a shearing force between the filaments. In the
      first model, which has cross-bridge behavior close to current ideas about cross
      bridge  behavior in muscle, cross-bridge attachment is proportional to curvature
      of the flagellum and detachment is an exponential decay process. The
      configurational change is equivalent to an angular deviation of pi/5 radians. In
      the second type of  cross-bridge cycle, cross-bridge attachment occurs rapidly
      when a critical curvature is reached, and detachment occurs when a critical
      curvature in the opposite direction is reached. With this cycle, an
      unrealistically large angular deviation of the cross-bridges, equivalent to 3.0
      radians, is required to obtain bending waves of normal amplitude. Both models
      generate bending wave patterns similar to those obtained in earlier work.
      However, the behavior of the second type of cross-bridge model more closely
      matches the actual behavior of flagella under experimental conditions: the
      chemical turnover rate per beat cycle remains constant as the viscosity is
      increased, and reduction in the number of active cross-bridges can cause a
      reduction in beat frequency, with little change in amplitude or wavelength.

PMID- 1214109
TI  - Cinemicrographic analysis of the movement of flagellated bacteria. I. The ratio
      of the propulsive velocity to the frequency of bodily rotation.
AB  - On the basis of the hydrodynamic model that the propulsion of flagellated
      bacteria in a fluid is a consequence of the propagation of helical waves along
      the length of flagella or flagellar bundles, it is predicted that propulsion must
      be accompanied by a rotation of bacterial body about the direction of translation
      (Chwang and Wu, 1971), and that propulsive velocity u is directly proportional to
      the frequency of bodily rotation fB, the  proportional constant being a
      complicated function of various parameters describing the sizes and shapes of
      body and flagella. In this study we have measured not only u but also fB by
      cinemicrography or sometimes by dual cinemicrography, using a mono- trichously
      flagellated Pseudomonas strain and a multitrichously flagellated Salmonella
      strain, and calculated the ratio u/fB. Though the values of u/fB thus determined
      for a number of bacteria of each strain scattered in a wide range, average values
      of u/fB were likely to be independent of u, in support of the theoretical
      prediction. Moreover, in Pseudomonas as well as in Salmonella, it was found that
      the experimental values of u/fB were in semiquantitative agreement with
      theoretical values expected from the hydrodynamic model for appropriate values of
      the geometrical parameters. Taking into account these results, it was concluded
      that the validity of this model has been supported experimentally.

PMID- 1214110
TI  - The relationship between erythropoietin-dependent cellular differentiation and
      colony-forming ability in prenatal haemopoietic tissues.
AB  - Levels of haem synthesis achieved by foetal liver erythroblasts responding to
      erythropoietin in vitro are similar in dissociated cell cultures and in cultures
      of organized tissues. Erythroid colony-forming cells reach maximum numbers on the
      sixteenth day of gestation. Their presence in foetal liver is associated with the
      period of most rapid production of erythrocytes, and with in vitro sensitivity to
      erythropoietin measured as enhanced haem synthesis. It is concluded that at least
      a proportion of erythroid colony-forming cells in the foetal liver are dependent
      on erythropoietin in situ and that these cells are separated from the earliest
      recognizable pro-erythroblast by 1-2 cell divisions. Populations of granulocyte
      macrophage colony-forming cells change independently of erythroid colony-forming
      cell numbers.

PMID- 1214111
TI  - Cell proliferation in the developing wing-bud of normal and talpid3 mutant chick
      embryos.
AB  - Previous measurements on mitotic division rate or cell cycle time have been made
      on samples from a few discrete limb regions or by continuous sampling, but only
      down a unidimensional limb axis, disregarding morphological discontinuities such
      as the presence or absence of cartilage. This study presents a new analysis on
      normal and talpid3 mutant chick embryos, measuring mitotic rate and also cell
      density through the central proximo-distal axis and at the limb periphery, taking
      into account the development of cartilage regions. Differentiation of cartilage
      is correlated with a marked drop in mitotic rate, accounting for a proximo-distal
      gradient of mitosis in central counts which was not observed at the limb
      periphery. Talpid3 limbs at an early stage show a central mitotic gradient, but
      the reverse of that observed in normal limbs.

PMID- 1214112
TI  - [Effects of vinblastine on the morphogenesis of the chick embryo limb.
      Histological aspects].
AB  - Vinblastine was injected into the amniotic cavity of 6-5-day-old chick embryos.
      Acropods were fixed 0, 2, 3-5, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h after treatment and 1
      mum thick sections were prepared from the region of digit IV and interdigit III
      IV. Cell counts were mainly performed in a distal zone (see Fig. 2) comprising
      the ectodermal apical ridge, the distal non-ridge ectoderm and the distal
      underlying mesoderm. In control non-treated embryos, the mitotic index does not
      vary significantly in either of the three tissues between 6-5 and 8 days except
      for a temporary increase at 7 days in the mesoderm. In treated embryos, the
      mitotic index increases rapidly in the non-ridge ectoderm and in the mesoderm to
      a maximum of 44 and 35% respectively, 18 h after injection, after which it
      decreases almost as rapidly to a level of about 15% 36 h after injection. In the
      apical ridge ectoderm, the increase of the mitotic index is much slower and
      reaches its maximum value of about 30% only 36 h after injection. This suggests
      that most of the cells participating in the AER do not arise within the ridge but
      are generated in more proximal zones of the ectoderm. Due to mitotic arrest, the
      number of mesodermal cells is thus decreased to approximately half the normal
      value within 36 h and the AER disappears earlier than normal. These alterations
      are the direct cause of the hypophalangy observed at the morphological level. A
      particular distribution pattern of arrested mitoses is revealed: in the digital
      as well as in the interdigital mesoderm, the majority of blocked metaphases is
      located in a dorsal and a ventral wing-shaped subectodermal 500 mum long area
      whose thickness is maximal at the level of the marginal sinus and gradually
      decreases in proximal direction. In the central-part of the mesoderm blocked
      mitoses are relatively rare. The present results are discussed in view of the
      recent literature on the morphogenetic processes of limb development.

PMID- 1214113
TI  - Studies on the gastrulation of amphibian embryos: light and electron microscopic
      observation of a urodele Cynops pyrrhogaster.
AB  - The course of gastrulation in embryos of a urodele, Cynops pyrrhogaster, was
      studied with 1 mum Epon sections and transmission and scanning electron
      microscopy. During the initial period of gastrulation, the bottle cells and a
      groove are formed in the dorsal part. The outer ends of the bottle cells have
      many microvilli, an electron-dense layer and many small vesicles. Microtubules
      are present parallel to the long axis of the bottle cells, and a yolk-platelet
      free region is observed at the inner end. Thereafter, the archenteric roof makes
      contact with the inner surface of the blastocoelic wall. Cells of the archenteric
      roof form lobopodia, filopodia and lamellipodia. These cells make many focal
      contact, having gaps of less tha 20 nm, with the blastocoelic wall. Invaginating
      mesodermal cells of the lateral and ventral parts also form pseudopodia, and are
      in contact with the blastocoelic wall. Some of these cells appear to flatten
      against the wall. These observations suggest that, after the bottle cells and the
      blastoporal groove are formed, the invaginating cells actively migrate along the
      inner surface of the blastocoelic wall, and that these locomotive forces have an
      important role in the morphogenetic movements during gastrulation.

PMID- 1214114
TI  - Mitotic activity of germ cells during normal development of Xenopus laevis
      tadpoles.
AB  - Data on the spatio-temporal pattern of germ cell proliferation in Xenopus laevis
      tadpoles were obtained, tracing the germ cells from the cloacal position forward.
      This spatial pattern in germ cell distribution and its change during normal
      development clearly coincided with histological observations of germ gland
      development. By application of regression lines to the analysis of this complex
      pattern, an interesting conclusion about the mitotic activity of germ cells was
      suggested. While the mitotic activity of germ cells before sexual differentiation
      shows a regional difference along the germ-cell-containing ridge (GCCR), the
      doubling time of sexually differentiated gonia seems to show a uniform value over
      the whole GCCR.

PMID- 1214115
TI  - Morphogenesis of intestinal villi. II. Mechanism of formation of previllous
      ridges.
AB  - Villi lining the avian intestine originate from longitudinal folds (previllous
      ridges) running the length of the embryonic intestine. The morphogenetic events
      that occur in the epithelium during initial ridge formation in the chick embryo
      duodenum were examined by light and electron microscopy. The epithelium, in cross
      section, undergoes three stages prior to the formation of ridges; termed the
      circle (4 1/2-6 days), the ellipse (6-8 1/2 days), and the triangle (5 1/2-9
      days).  At about 9 days of development three ridges form with three more forming
      one day later. The mechanisms responsible for folding of the epithelium were
      examined. Microdissection followed by organ culture demonstrated that
      constriction by the surrounding circular smooth muscle cannot account for folding
      of the epithelium. Mitotic pressure within the epithelium also cannot account for
      folding since there is no difference in the number of epithelial cells per cross
      section between the ellipse and the triangle stages and the epithelial tube is
      not restricted from expanding. Active constrictions in groups of epithelial
      cells, mediated by bands of microfilaments, are thought to cause folding. Bundles
      of microfilaments are localized in the apical region of all epithelial cells at
      all stages studied and are localized in the basal region of those cells occupying
      the crests of the forming ridges. Cytochalasin B-treatment prevented ridge
      formation and disrupted the bundles of microfilaments.

PMID- 1214116
TI  - Water flow dynamics in the respiratory tract of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).
AB  - Simultaneous measurements of water velocity in the buccal chamber, and buccal and
      opercular hydrostatic pressure of carp have revealed surprisingly high water
      velocities. The high flow velocities mean that, at times, the kinetic energy of
      flow makes a substantial contribution to the total fluid energy. This suggests
      that there may be unequal distribution of hydrostatic pressures within the buccal
      chamber. Anatomical examinations showed that fluid channels in the buccal chamber
      and gill raker sieve are complex and can be expected to vary spatially and
      temporally throughout the respiratory cycle. It appears that there is a potential
      for error in many of the previous analyses of 'gill resistance and energetics of
      fish breathing based solely on hydrostatic pressure measurements and the
      simplifying assumption of steady-state conditions.

PMID- 1214117
TI  - Reflex modulation of motoneurone activity in the cheliped of the crayfish Astacus
      leptodactylus.
AB  - 1. The reflex activity elicited by movement of the mero-carpopodite (M-C) joint
      in the cheliped of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus is investigated and the
      role of the different proprioceptors (chordotonal and myochordotonal organs)
      separately studied. 2. The reflex discharge involves mainly the tonic
      motoneurones of the extensor (E), the flexor (F) and the accessory flexor (AF)
      muscles. 3. M-C joint posture is also regulated by the cuticular stress detector
      (CSD2) afferents: they increase mainly the F discharge and secondarily the AF
      command. 4. The activity of the motor axons supplying the muscles of the
      meropodite can be also influenced by a variety of natural stimuli applied to
      other appendages. The effect usually produced is a general flexion reaction which
      is characterized by a reciprocity between E and F  involving both central and
      peripheral mechanisms. 5. The AF muscle is innervated by two antagonistic
      motoneurones, an excitatory neurone functionally linked in its discharge with one
      of the four excitors supplying F and an inhibitory motoneurone, common with E.
      The resulting competitive effect between these two neurones has been recorded
      intracellularly in AF muscle fibres. 6. The role of the myochordotonal organ
      (MCO) in the crayfish is discussed. In particular the modulation of the AF
      command in relation to the discharges of the motor nerves to the main muscle E
      and F  is studied.

PMID- 1214118
TI  - Sound localization by the bottlenose porpoise Tursiops truncatus.
AB  - 1. Sound localization was measured behaviourally for the Atlantic bottlenose
      porpoise (Tursiops truncatus) using a wide range of pure tone pulses as well as
      clicks simulating the species echolocation click. 2. Measurements of the minimum
      audible angle (MAA) on the horizontal plane give localization discrimination
      thresholds of between 2 and 3 degrees for sounds from 20 to 90 kHz and thresholds
      from 2-8 to 4 degrees at 6, 10 and 100 kHz. With the azimuth of the animal
      changed relative to the speakers the MAAs were 1-3-1-5 degrees at an azimuth of
      15 degrees and about 5 degrees for an azimuth of 30 degrees. 3. MAAs to clicks
      were 0-7-0-8 degrees. 4. The animal was able to do almost as well in determining
      the position of vertical sound sources as it could for horizontal localization.
      5. The data indicate that at low frequencies the animal may have been localizing
      by using the region around the external auditory meatus as a detector, but at
      frequencies about 20 kHz it is likely that the animal was detecting sounds
      through the lateral sides of the lower jaw. 6. Above 20 kHz, it is likely that
      the animal was localizing using binaural intensity cues. 7. Our data support
      evidence that the lower jaw is an important channel for sound detection in
      Tursiops.

PMID- 1214119
TI  - The branchial chloride pump in the goldfish Carassius auratus: relationship
      between Cl-/HCO3- and Cl-/Cl-- exchanges and the effect of thiocyanate.
AB  - 1. The effect of thiocyanate on chloride and sodium fluxes across the gill was
      studied in the goldfish Carassius auratus. At low external chloride
      concentrations, addition of SCN- to the bathing solution markedly inhibited
      chloride influx and efflux, the net flux being reversed, SCN- injection was
      without effect. SCN- had no effect on sodium fluxes when injected or added to the
      external medium. 2. The inhibition of chloride influx by SCN- was of a mixed type
      involving simultaneous modifications of the affinity constant of the carrier for
      Cl- and of the maximal Cl- influx. The affinity constant of the carrier for SCN-
      was 10 times lower than that for Cl-. 3. The gill of the goldfish was found to be
      practically impermeable to SCN-. 4. In the presence of external SCN-, the Cl
      /HCO3- exchange was reversed: Cl- was lost against HCO3- which is absorbed. This
      suggests an obligatory exchange. 5. Exchange diffusion for chloride was also
      demonstrated. 6. A kinetic model is proposed to explain chloride and bicarbonate
      transport across the gill of Carassius auratus.

PMID- 1214120
TI  - Allometry of post-flight cooling rates in moths: a comparison with vertebrate
      homeotherms.
AB  - 1. The rates of post-flight cooling in 25 saturniid moths of 8 genera ranging in
      weight from 81 to 2650 mg were measured and compared with cooling rates in
      sphingids, birds and mammals. 2. The initial and terminal cooling rates of the
      saturniids did not differ significantly. 3. Large saturniids have relatively
      smaller thoraxes than small ones. 4. In saturniids the rate of post-flight
      cooling is inversely related both to thoracic volume and total weight. 5. Cooling
      rate is less dependent on thoracic volume in saturniids than in sphingids. 6.
      Weight-specific conductance calculated on the basis of total weight, shows that
      moths are not as well insulated as birds or mammals. However, when considered on
      the basis of thoracic weight, the weight-specific conductance of saturniids and
      sphingids closely approximates that predicted by the regression of weight
      specific conductance on total body weight in birds and mammals. 7. Since the
      insulation of saturniids and sphingids is no more effective for animals of their
      size than is that of birds and mammals, their high body temperatures during
      activity appear to depend primarily on high levels of heat production.

PMID- 1214121
TI  - Pursuit and prediction in the tracking of moving food by a teleost fish
      (Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus).
AB  - 1. The path, eye and body movements of a teleost fish (the leatherjacket
      Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus) approaching and taking food were measured by
      cinematography. 2. Fixation of the food by movement of the eyes is an invariable
      feature of the approach. The eyes then remain aligned with the target while the
      body moves forward and round to bring the mouth to the food. 3. When pursuing
      pieces of food moving vertically at constant velocity through the water these
      fish normally trace out the pathway that can be calculated by assuming the fish
      aims constantly at the food. Predictive pathways that imply anticipation of the
      point of intersection with the food are not regularly seen. 4. Deviations from
      pursuit occur sporadically, usually in the direction of a predictive path,
      particularly when the fish approach falling food from below. 5. The geometry of
      the situation suggests that predictive paths may sometimes be generated if the
      alignment of eye and body during the pursuit of moving food can be delayed. In
      approaches from below this may be because forward movement of the fish would tend
      to stabilize the image of the falling food in the retina. 6. We suggest that a
      simple linked control system using both eye and body movements to fixate retinal
      images will on occasions generate predictive pathways without any need for the
      central nervous system to calculate them in advance.

PMID- 1214122
TI  - The colloid osmotic pressures of invertebrate body fluids.
AB  - Colloid osmotic pressures of the body fluids of twenty invertebrate species were
      measured directly. The results, which are generally lower than predicted values
      for the same species, pertain to several physiological questions: (1) they do not
      quantitatively explain the frequently observed hyperosmoticity of body fluids in
      species believed to be osmoconformers, indicating that the condition cannot be
      merely a consequence of a Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium; (2) the excess of hydrostatic
      over colloid osmotic pressure is very small. This result supports the hypothesis
      that the oxygen transport function of bloods with extracellular haemocyanins and
      haem proteins is limited by their colligative properties; (3) the pressure
      relationships and the absence of colloid osmotic activity in urine indicates that
      filtration contributes to urine formation in several species.

PMID- 1214123
TI  - An automatic respirometer for determining oxygen uptake in crayfish
      (Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet)) over periods of 3-4 days.
AB  - 1. An automatic respirometer has been developed for continuous measurements over
      3-4 days on 1-15 g crayfish. The sensor is a modified Mackereth oxygen electrode.
      Respiration is recorded on a millivolt potentiometric pen recorder during closed
      periods when the O2 concentration in the medium falls to a predetermined level. A
      solenoid-operated valve is then opened via a relay circuit energized by a reed
      switch mounted on the recorder. Medium flows through the respirometer until the
      O2 concentration is raised back to another predetermined level. Artificial media
      containing little or no nutrient salts are used to restrict the growth of
      microbes. 2. Respiration was determined chiefly on crayfish (Austropotamobius
      pallipes) with body wet weights of 7-0-12-5 g at 10-0 degrees C. In unrestrained
      but relatively quiescent animals, standard metabolism is described by the
      regression equation, ln O2 uptake = 3-3037 + 1-002 ln body wt. In restless
      crayfish active metabolism is described by the equation, ln O2 uptake = 4-4412 +
      0-861 ln body wt.

PMID- 1214124
TI  - Respiration in relation to ion uptake in the crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes
      (Lereboullet).
AB  - 1. O2 uptake was determined for periods of 23-46 h in salt-depleted crayfish held
      in deionized water (DW) or Na-free media at 10 degrees C. These media were
      replaced by artificial lakewater media (ALW) containing 0-2-0-6 mM Na and O2
      uptake was again determined for periods of 24-66 h. 2. During net ion uptake in
      ALW the metabolic rate was either elevated or depressed. Standard metabolism in
      ALW altered by amounts equivalent to 0-1 - 15-5% (mean 6-4 (15) +/- 4-4% S. D.)
      of the metabolic rate measured during salt-depletion. On three occasions the
      metabolic rate was elevated by 22-0 - 66-7%, but some of this increase may have
      been due to locomotor activity. 3. The calculated values for thermodynamic work
      involved in ion transport were 0-056 - 0-268 J/10 g. h at 10 degrees C, or 1-5 -
      7-2% of the mean standard metabolic rate. Most of the observed changes in
      metabolic rate lie within the limits of experimental error (ca. +/- 7%). Hence
      the energetic cost of ion transport is too small for direct measurement in intact
      crayfish.

PMID- 1214125
TI  - The significance of palpation by the maxillary palps of Locusta migratoria (L):
      an electrophysiological and behavioural study.
AB  - Palpation increases the amount of sensory input reaching the central nervous
      system compared with that obtained from sustained contact but that increase is
      not essential to allow discrimination. During a meal on favoured food,
      phagostimulatory input from the palps is not needed to drive feeding. When less
      favoured food is taken, phagostimulatory input from the palps may enhance
      feeding. Even with favoured food, the palps are important in registering
      inhibitory substances.

PMID- 1214127
TI  - Co-ordinating interneurones of the locust which convey two patterns of motor
      commands: their connexions with ventilatory motoneurones.
AB  - 1. The interneurones which make widespread connexions with flight motoneurones
      also synapse upon ventilatory motoneurones so that in all 50 motoneurones receive
      synapses. They influence three aspects of ventilation; (a) the closing and
      opening movements of the thoracic spiracles, (b) some aspects of abdominal
      pumping movements and (c) the recruitment of some motoneurones controlling head
      pumping. 2. The two closer motoneurones of a particular thoracic spiracle receive
      the same excitatory synaptic inputs (EPSPs) during expiration. The EPSPs match
      those in appropriate flight motoneurones. 3. The closer motoneurones of each
      thoracic spiracle whose somata are in the pro-, meso- or metathoracic ganglia all
      receive the same excitatory synaptic inputs. These inputs are an adequate
      explanation of the pattern of spikes in the closer motoneurones. Both the slow
      ventilatory and fast rhythms of synaptic potentials are expressed as spikes; the
      slow as the overall expiratory burst of spikes and the fast as the groups of
      spikes within that burst. This establishes a ventilatory function for the
      interneurones. All thoracic closer motoneurones therefore receive the same
      excitatory commands which will tend to synchronize the movements of each
      spiracle. 4. Spiracular opener motoneurones are inhibited during expiration,
      their IPSPs matching the EPSPs in flight or closer motoneurones. Therefore the
      interneurones have reciprocal effects on the antagonistic motoneurones of the
      spiracles. 5. The interneurones synapse upon some motoneurones which control the
      pumping movements of the abdomen and which have their somata in the metathoracic
      or first unfused abdominal ganglion. Motoneurones in four separate ganglia
      therefore receive inputs from these interneurones. 6. The interneurones also
      synapse upon motoneurones which control an auxiliary form of ventilation, head
      pumping.

PMID- 1214126
TI  - Co-ordinating interneurones of the locust which convey two patterns of motor
      commands: their connexions with flight motoneurones.
AB  - 1. Some flight motoneurones receive two superimposed rhythms of depolarizing
      synaptic potentials when the locust is not flying; a slow rhythm which is
      invariably linked to the expiratory phase of ventilation, and a fast rhythm with
      a period of about 50 ms which is similar to the wingbeat period in flight. 2. By
      recording simultaneously from groups of motoneurones, the synaptic potentials
      which underly these rhythms have been revealed in 30 flight motoneurones in the
      three thoracic ganglia. The inputs occur in elevator motoneurones and some
      depressors but are of lower amplitude in the latter. The inputs have not been
      found in leg motoneurones. 3. The rhythmic depolarizations are usually
      subthreshold but sum with sensory inputs to evoke spikes in flight motoneurones
      at intervals equal to or multiples of the wingbeat period in flight. 4. Both
      rhythms originate in the metathoracic ganglion and are mediated by the same
      interneurones. They can be adequately explained by supposing that there are two
      symmetrical interneurones which each make widespread connexions with left and
      right flight motoneurones in the three ganglia. 5. The slow rhythm is coded in
      the overall burst of interneurone spikes during expiration and the fast rhythm in
      the interval between the spikes of a burst.

PMID- 1214128
TI  - NaCl adaptation in Rana ridibunda and a comparison with the euryhaline toad Bufo
      viridis.
AB  - The physiological adaptation of the frog Rana ridibunda to saline environment was
      studied. It was found that blood was always hypertonic to the external solution,
      but at the highest salinity tolerated (i.e. 300 mOsM) the osmotic gradient across
      the skin was nearly abolished. Water uptake by the living frog remained
      unchanged, whereas sodium transport across the skin decreased markedly.
      Neurohypophyseal hormone increased water uptake and sodium transport to levels
      similar to those in tap water frogs. Water content of the tissues was not
      affected by saline adaptation, although it varied appreciably under acute
      conditions. Oxygen consumption increased in dehydrated frogs, but not in adapted
      ones. The results are discussed and compared to the euryhaline toad Bufo viridis;
      the importance of high urea levels for high salt adaptation is stressed.

PMID- 1214129
TI  - An electrophysiological analysis of extra-axonal sodium and potassium
      concentrations in the central nervous system of the cockroach (Periplaneta
      americana L.).
AB  - Simultaneous intracellular and sucrose-gap recordings showed, in contrast to
      previous findings, that the electrical parameters of giant axons were similar to
      intact and desheathed connectives bathed with the 'extracellular Ringer' of
      Yamasaki & Narahashi. This implies that the extra-axonal sodium concentration, in
      situ, is likely to be lower than had been previously supposed. Axonal responses
      showed that, despite the high blood concentration of 24-2 mM-K+ measured by flame
      photometry, the effective concentration in the blood was 10-15 mM-K+ which
      corresponds to the measurements made with potassium-selective electrodes. The
      activity of the blood potassium ions caused a marked reduction in the amplitude
      of the action potentials following surgical desheathing or disruption of the
      blood-brain barrier with hypertonic urea. It is suggested that a regulatory
      mechanism exists in the central nervous system which counteracts the effects of
      the high blood potassium level.

PMID- 1214130
TI  - Editorial: Modern times.

PMID- 1214132
TI  - A method for fixing latent fingerprints developed with iodine.

PMID- 1214131
TI  - Police enquiries in sexual offences.

PMID- 1214133
TI  - The transfer of fibres between clothing materials during simulated contacts and
      their persistence during wear. Part III--a preliminary investigation of the
      mechanisms involved.

PMID- 1214134
TI  - The use of colour in the discrimination between soils.

PMID- 1214135
TI  - A technique for the physical examination of illicitly made tablets.

PMID- 1214136
TI  - Phenotyping of haptoglobin on gradient acrylamide gel slabs using the Beckmann
      Microzone System.

PMID- 1214137
TI  - An analytical approach to ultra-small physical evidence.

PMID- 1214138
TI  - Malformation of the pavilion of the ear and the urinary tract.

PMID- 1214139
TI  - [Aplasia of the thumbs and thrombocytopenia (Fanconi): a clinical, hematological
      and cytogenetic study of a patient and his family].

PMID- 1214140
TI  - Direct endometrial cell preparation as a diagnostic aid in female fertility.

PMID- 1214141
TI  - [Sex ratio and maternal age in trisomy 18].

PMID- 1214142
TI  - Chromosomal anomalies in male secretory infertility.

PMID- 1214143
TI  - Chromosome studies in prenatal diagnosis.

PMID- 1214144
TI  - [A familial translocation t(13;17) (q14;q22) diagnosed following the birth of an
      infant with trisomy 21].

PMID- 1214145
TI  - Trisomy 22.

PMID- 1214146
TI  - Clinical and cytogenetic variations of Patau syndrome (demonstration of ten
      patients).

PMID- 1214147
TI  - Chromosome abnormalities and male sterility.

PMID- 1214148
TI  - [Current aspects of the myotonic syndromes].
AB  - On the basis of a clinical and physiological definition of the myotonic syndrome,
      the author define the scope of their research in two directions: a) the true
      myotonic syndromes, b) the related syndromes. Amongst the former, two entities
      are studied from the point of view of the recent discoveries in the field :
      Thomsen's disease, with some new anatomopathological and genetic considerations;
      Steinert's disease, concerning which there is much more new evidence in regard to
      clinical findings (ocular, endocrine, digestive, nervous and, in particular,
      cardiac symptoms) as well as biological and morphological tests. The genetic
      aspects are of great interest, for they lead to practical applications in genetic
      counselling (linkage). A brief therapeutic survey follows. Amongst the related
      syndromes, the best known is Eulenburg's congenital paramyotonia, the main
      characteristics of which are briefly described.

PMID- 1214149
TI  - [Clinical and genetic aspects of the early form of Steinert's dystrophia
      myotonica].
AB  - Observations relating to 18 cases of the neonatal form of myotonic dystrophy are
      described. These consisted of 9 cases of severe forms incompatible with survival,
      characterised by major respiratory disorders, hypotrophia and difficulty in
      swallowing, associated with a facial diplegia and pes equinus. The other 9
      patients suffered from more moderate, not lethal forms. In addition to muscular
      troubles manifested by precocious hypotonia, the disease involved serious mental
      retardation. The absence of myotonia was constant in the very young infants.
      Anomalies in pregnancies resulting in the birth of children suffering from a
      neonatal form of myotonic dystrophy are analysed and their frequency is
      emphasized. From the genetic point of view, the elective transmission of myotonic
      dystrophy by the mothers was found in all the cases. The knowledge of neonatal
      forms must be taken into consideration for genetic counseling.

PMID- 1214151
TI  - The ages of onset and at death in dystrophia myotonica.

PMID- 1214150
TI  - [A multidisciplinary study of infantile Steinert's syndrome].
AB  - The authors studied from several points of view 10 patients suffering from a neo
      natal form of Steinert's disease. They analyse the variety of the family
      histories, of dysembryoplastic symptoms, of neo-natal difficulties and the
      subsequent impairment of mental development. They could not find any correlation
      between this latter evolution and the severity of the neurological damage, judged
      by the mentioned symptoms. They conclude that the mental retardation is
      proportional to the low quality of the early socio-emotional environment and
      believe that this hypothesis is confirmed by the fact that maxillo-facial
      malformations are mocise speech and mimicry in their early childhood.

PMID- 1214153
TI  - [A family with Steinert's myotomic dystrophy affecting only the females].

PMID- 1214152
TI  - Cytochemistry of cultured fibroblasts in myotonic muscular dystrophy.
AB  - The cytoplasm of cultured skin fibroblasts derived from four unrelated and from
      three related patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy exhibits high amounts of
      metachromatic granular material and of alcianophilic material with Alcian blue
      containing 0.1 M MgCl2. Alcianophilia disappears when the staining solution
      contains 0.3 M MgCl2, i.e. is probably due only to carboxyl group of
      glycosaminoglycans.

PMID- 1214155
TI  - Myotonic dystrophy of the neonate-inheritance and environment.

PMID- 1214154
TI  - [Genealogical studies in Steinert's syndrome].

PMID- 1214156
TI  - [Ataxia telangiectasia with mixed immunological deficiency and related forms].

PMID- 1214158
TI  - [Atypical and complex phakomatoses in a 6-year-old girl].

PMID- 1214157
TI  - [The cutaneous symptoms of tuberous sclerosis].
AB  - Tuberous sklerosis is an autosomal dominant disease with a pleiotropic pattern of
      its clinical picture. The skin symptoms because of their early appearance are of
      great importance for the diagnosis of this disease, though not for evaluation of
      its progression and prognosis. Among the cutaneous lesions "white leaf-shaped
      macules" are the most frequent and earliest symptoms. Of similar importance is
      the "adenoma sebaceum", whereas the other skin signs are less relevant.

PMID- 1214159
TI  - [Basal cell nevus. A propos of 5 cases].

PMID- 1214160
TI  - [Familial form of von Hippel-Lindau disease].

PMID- 1214161
TI  - [Place of information services in a center of medical genetics].

PMID- 1214162
TI  - [Epidemiology and genetics of ano-rectal malformations].

PMID- 1214163
TI  - [Present trends in genetic counseling in Milan].

PMID- 1214164
TI  - [A familial case of alobar holoprosencephaly].

PMID- 1214165
TI  - Deviant karyotypes in amniotic fluid cell cultures: a problem in prenatal
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1214166
TI  - [Systematic registration of malformations].
AB  - This study concerns 727 cases of deformed children born in the Rhone-Alpes region
      in 1973. 61 maternity hospitals, out of 181 in the region, took part in the
      study. Data concerning sex, mortality, mother's age, age of gestation, gemellity,
      body weight and length, as well as frequency of genetic findings in the families
      are published. A classification of the types of malformation in relation to their
      frequencies is reported.

PMID- 1214167
TI  - [Studies of the mitotic and meiotic chromosomes in infertile males].
AB  - The analysis of meiotic chromosomes in sterile males is all the more interesting
      as it is liable to disclose anomalies whilst the mitotic chromosomes are normal.
      We have described a pathological meiotic sequence observed in ten patients, very
      probably linked to their sterility. It would not appear an exaggeration to state
      that a combined study of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes tends to indicate that
      at least 15% of all cases of male sterility have chromosomal origin.

PMID- 1214168
TI  - [Anatomo-pathological and cytogenetic study of free trisomy 13 and a case of
      trisomy 13 due to a translocation 13q13q].

PMID- 1214169
TI  - Maternal translocation and malformation of offspring.

PMID- 1214170
TI  - [Table of the risks of recurrence in certain congenital malformations].

PMID- 1214171
TI  - [Genetic prognosis of translocations 14-21 in the framework of prenatal
      diagnosis].

PMID- 1214172
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis in balanced D/D translocations.

PMID- 1214173
TI  - [Heterogeneous phenotypes in 4 XYY children].

PMID- 1214174
TI  - [Familial inversions and other concomitant chromosome aberrations].

PMID- 1214176
TI  - Genetic prognosis and counseling in the presence of extra meta and/or
      submetacentric chromosomes.

PMID- 1214175
TI  - [A further case of partial trisomy 4p].

PMID- 1214177
TI  - Breaking action of ascorbic acid on nucleic acids.
AB  - The lowering of the viscosity of DNA solution was caused by the action of AsA or
      EA and facilitated in the presence of CU2+. However, the action of AsA-3-P was
      very weak. By sucrose density gradient centrifugation, it was observed that
      single- and double-strand scissions of DNA were provoked by AsA or EA and
      enhanced with Cu2+, while only a single-strand scission was caused by AsA-3-P and
      Cu2+. Similar action of AsA or AsA-3-P was also observed for RNA. Thus, the
      result indicates that the enediol group of AsA takes an essential part in the
      breakage of nucleic acids, and Cu2+ enhances the action. It was shown that Apu
      was mainly decomposed by AsA, whereas Apy not, suggesting that some pyrimidine
      cluster may be one of the regions attacked by AsA. During the reaction with DNA,
      the reducing activity of AsA decreased first to some extent and then increased,
      whereas the reducing activity of AsA-3-P was much lower than that of AsA and
      decreased steadily. The priming activity of DNA for DNA polymerase was changed
      after treatment with AsA according to the condition. It was enhanced when DNA was
      treated under mild conditions but decreased with severer action.

PMID- 1214178
TI  - Demonstration of two different vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding proteins in
      rat intestinal mucosa.
AB  - The characteristics and location of rat intestinal proteins with calcium binding
      properties were reexamined using both a 45Ca-equilibrated Sephadex G-100 column
      and the chelex 100 method in the assay of 45Ca binding activity. The rat
      intestinal mucosa was found to have three different proteins with calcium binding
      properties. Two of these proteins were found to be vitamin D-dependent and were
      examined in detail. The larger vitamin D-dependent protein, found predominantly
      in the jejunum and ileum, had a molecular weight of 27,000 and demonstrated low
      affinity for calcium; the detection of this protein by the chelex 100 assay was
      very difficult. The smaller vitamin D-dependent protein, which was associated
      mainly with duodenum and jejunum, had a molecular weight of 12,500, and
      demonstrated a high affinity for calcium.

PMID- 1214179
TI  - Mechanism of inactivation of bacteriophage deltaA containing single-stranded DNA
      by ascorbic acid.
AB  - The mechanism of inactivation of a single-stranded DNA phage, deltaA of
      Escherichia coli, by AsA was investigated as a part of the study on the mechanism
      of inactivation of viruses by AsA. Bubbling air or oxygen gas through the
      reaction mixture, and the addition of oxidizing agents or transition metals into
      the reaction mixture enhanced the inactivation of the phage by AsA. In contrast,
      nitrogen gas bubling, and the addition of reducing agents, chelating agents or
      radical scavengers prevented inactivation. The rate of inactivation was faster in
      the AsA solution preincubated for several minutes than in the freshly prepared
      AsA solution. DAsA, an oxidized form of AsA, demonstrated little effect on the
      activity of the phage. Concentrations of hydrogen peroxide which were
      theoretically produced by the autoxidation of AsA had no effect on the phage. The
      results indicated that the free radical intermediates produced during the course
      of the autoxidation of AsA participated in the inactivation. The radicals
      attacked the DNA of the phage to introduce strand scissions in the DNA, which
      might be mainly responsible for the inactivation.

PMID- 1214180
TI  - Curative effects of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol on calcium metabolism and bone
      disease in patients with chronic renal failure.
AB  - Synthetic 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-OH-D3) was given intravenously in
      a dose of 2.5-10 mug per day to three patients with chronic renal failure. As
      little as 10 mug of 1alpha-OH-D3 daily for a week improved intestinal calcium
      absorption to a normal level, raised serum calcium, and reduced serum alkaline
      phosphatase. Severe rickets which had not responded to large amounts (greater
      than 200 mg in total) of vitamin D2 was markedly cured with 2.5 mug of 1alpha-OH
      D3 given daily for 3 weeks. These clinical data hold promise that is certainly
      useful in the improvement of intestinal malabsorption of calcium and bone
      diseases in renal failure.

PMID- 1214181
TI  - Effect of dietary protein on proteolytic activities in the pancreatic tissue and
      contents of the small intestine in rats.
AB  - The time-courses of proteolytic activities in pancreatic tissue and the contents
      of the small intestine (the intestinal contents) were determined in rats
      maintained on a diet containing 30% of various proteins after a switchover from a
      diet containing 12% casein. 1. The proteolytic activity of the pancreatic tissue
      quickly responded to change of dietary proteins--within 1 to 6 days--with respect
      to organ weight, nitrogen content and proteolytic activity, in rats receiving
      diets containing 30% casein, ovalbumin, lactalbumin, gluten, gelatin or zein. 2.
      However, the proteolytic activity in the intestinal contents did not necessarily
      coincide with the pancreatic digestive function; an approximately threefold
      increase of enzyme activity was demonstrated on the fifth day of feeding in rats
      receiving gluten. 3. The proteolytic activity in the intestinal contents returned
      to the initial level on the eighth day in the gluten-fed rats, but those rats
      maintained on a lysine-supplemented gluten diet exhibited no such elevation of
      proteolytic activity. 4. No significant difference in pancreatic composition was
      shown up to the eighth day between the group receiving gluten alone in diet and
      that receiving the same diet but supplemented with lysine, under the condition of
      equally restricted food intake. Intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin levels,
      however, were higher in the gluten-fed rats, suggesting that the depressed rate
      of enzyme inactivation in the small intestine might be the principal cause of the
      finding described under (2) above.

PMID- 1214182
TI  - Effects of protein deficiency on the rate of radioactivity loss from body
      constituents in adult rats given 14C-amino acids.
AB  - The effect of protein deficiency on the rate of loss of radioactivity from body
      constituents was studied in adult rats administered 14C-Chlorella protein
      hydrolysate or 14C-lysine. Rats were kept on a protein-free diet for 3 weeks and
      then injected with labelled amino acids and fed on a protein-free diet for 3 more
      days to allow 14C deposition in tissues. Then they were given experimental diets
      (protein-free diet, 1% and 10% wheat gluten diets pair-fed with the protein-free
      diet, and 10% wheat gluten diet ad libitum) for 7 days and sacrificed. The rates
      of loss of radioactivity from tissue proteins became low in general with the
      extent of protein deficiency. This increased capacity of tissues to retain 14C
      amino acids may result from higher efficiency of protein utilization in protein
      deficiency. The reutilization of free amino acids and the rate of catabolism of
      tissue proteins are discussed on the basis of the results. The half-life of
      muscle protein was too long to observe the effects of experimental diets given
      for 7 days on the rate of loss of radioactivity.

PMID- 1214183
TI  - Effect of diet on digestive and absorptive functions of rat small intestine.

PMID- 1214184
TI  - A synthetic approach to the cephalotaxine skeleton.

PMID- 1214185
TI  - Isolation and identification of beta-citraurol, a C30 carotenoid in citrus.

PMID- 1214186
TI  - Letter: A 2,6-methano-3-benzazocine related to the thebaine Diels-Alder adduct
      derivatives.

PMID- 1214187
TI  - Bone growth changes in pyridoxine-deficient rats.
AB  - Male and female rats were fed a commercial diet lacking pyridoxine. Using
      radiological and histological methods the growth of the long bones in the
      pyridoxine-deficient rats from 2 wk to 6 mth of age was compared with that in
      paired-fed and in paired-weight-gain control rats of the same age and sex given
      the same diet supplemented by daily injections of pyridoxine hydrochloride.
      Measurements of tibial bone length were significantly reduced in the deficient
      male rats but not females, possibly due to the reduced requirements for growth in
      the female. Thin epiphyseal plates were a feature of the limb radiographs in all
      the pyridoxine-deficient rats. Histologically the growing long-bone ends showed a
      diminished activity of endochondral ossification with thin epiphyseal cartilage
      and fewer shorter, broad and irregular bone trabeculae in the metaphyses of the
      deficient rats. These metaphyseal changes resemble those described in starvation.

PMID- 1214188
TI  - Long-term organ culture of human skin: an ultrastructural and immunochemical
      study.
AB  - Human skin grown in tissue culture medium for periods of up to 18 wk undergoes
      characteristic morphological changes. After an initial period of degeneration,
      new foci of epidermal cells arise at the dermo-epidermal junction and by rapid
      proliferation these cells spread out to form a complete second epidermal layer
      beneath the degenerating original strata. Stratification occurs in this new
      epidermis with incomplete keratinisation. The individual keratinocytes show
      ultrastructural similarities with fetal cells. There is a loss of complexity of
      the cytoplasm typified by a marked reduction in the numbers of keratin filaments
      and a decrease in the numbers of desmosomal contact areas. In addition, the
      formation of cilia and accumulation of glycogen in the cell cytoplasm are
      characteristic. The cytoplasm of the basal cells contains numerous polyribosomes
      and there is evidence of synthetic activity as illustrated by the proliferation
      of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. Fluorescent and EM
      immunocytochemical staining with an anti-fetal antiserum demonstrates the
      development of fetal substances on the surface of cells during the regeneration
      stage occurring in the cultured skins. The significance of these observations
      concerning transplantability of cultured tissues is discussed.

PMID- 1214189
TI  - Histopathological changes in the liver following a paracetamol overdose:
      correlation with clinical and biochemical parameters.
AB  - The histological appearances of the liver damage occurring after a paracetamol
      overdose are described in liver biopsies from 104 patients, of whom 38 developed
      fulminant hepatic failure. Confluent centrilobular necrosis of varying extent was
      followed by rapid disappearance of necrotic cells, leaving areas of reticulin
      collapse and a usually mild inflammatory reaction. The histological recovery in
      even the most severe cases was remarkable, and only one of the 17 survivors whose
      initial biopsy showed the pattern of interlobular bridging necrosis had
      appreciable residual fibrosis in a follow-up biopsy taken after 1 yr. A
      quantitative estimate was made of the amount of surviving liver parenchyma using
      a morphometric technique and the hepatocyte volume fraction (HVF) in biopsies
      performed within 10 days of the overdose correlated well with the clinical course
      and both the maximal prolongation of the prothrombin time and the peak plasma
      bilirubin concentration in the first 10 days. An HVF value (normal 85 +/- 5 per
      cent.) of less than 40 per cent. in a biopsy taken within 10 days of the overdose
      was found only in patients who died. However, HVF measurements on biopsies from
      three survivors taken later than 10 days after the overdose shows that survival
      is possible below this critical level.

PMID- 1214190
TI  - Effects on the liver in the rat of ingestion of Indigofera spicata, a legume
      containing an inhibitor of arginine metabolism.
AB  - The non-protein amino acid indospicine, which occurs in the free state in high
      concentration in the tropical pasture legume Indigofera spicata, causes toxic
      liver lesions in ruminants. Indospicine is a specific antagonist of arginine and
      an inhibitor of protein synthesis. The liver lesion was studied in rats at four
      dose levels by feeding diets containing 96, 48, 24 and 15 per cent. of the seed.
      The too higher levels caused death of most animals in 2-6 wk. Females were more
      susceptible than males. The rats fed the 24 per cent. seed diet developed a
      nodular cirrhosis by 6 wk and survived up to 18 wk. The rats fed the 15 per cent.
      seed diet developed cirrhosis at 16 wk and survived up to 28 wk. Prior to the
      onset of cirrhosis the liver showed a characteristic lesion consisting of
      hepatomegaly, periportal fatty change, portal cellularity due to proliferation of
      ovoid and cuboidal duct cells, gross enlargement of the hepatocyte cytoplasm
      nuclei and nucleoli in spite of brisk mitotic activity, and focal centrilobular
      necrosis. The lesion was interpreted as a restricted hepatic response to a growth
      stimulus, possibly the mobilisation of tissue amino acids. Improvement occurred
      in the rats fed the two lower dosage levels after nodular cirrhosis developed,
      producing a new parenchyma. An attempt is made to relate the lesions to the
      biochemical derangement induced by a specific amino acid antagonist.

PMID- 1214191
TI  - Nature of muscular change in osteomalacia: light- and electron-microscope
      observations.
AB  - Thirteen muscle biopsy specimens (mainly the gluteus maximus) from 12 patients
      with laboratory confirmation of osteomalacia and proximal muscle weakness in 10
      were examined by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy revealed mild
      diffuse non-specific atrophy of the muscle fibres in 10 cases, severe generalised
      atrophy in one and patchy group atrophy in one. There was no myopathic change in
      specimens from cases with either a nutritional aetiology, or a mixed aetiology.
      The former, mostly women gave a history of severe chronic malnutrition often
      accompanied by repeated pregnancies and prolonged lactation; those with a mixed
      aetiology gave, in addition, evidence of a metabolic or endocrine disorder such
      as hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, uraemia, or treatment with anti
      epileptic drugs or were of uncertain origin. Electron-microscope examination of
      muscle from the nutritional group showed atrophic changes in the fibres, such as
      loss of myofibrils, prominence of mitochondria and glycogen, loosening and
      folding of the basement-membrane but good preservation of the remaining
      myofibrils. In contrast muscle from cases of mixed aetiology showed, in addition
      to the atrophic features, clear degenerative changes in the myofibrils and the
      mitochondria, accumulation of amorphous material at the site of myofibrillar loss
      and of lipofuscin in muscle fibres, vascular endothelium and satellite cells. The
      earliest degenerative change was in the "I" band, involving actin filaments and
      "Z" line. The triads were generally preserved but the sarcoplasmic reticulum
      appeared affected in a patient with tetany and severe mitochondrial degeneration.
      In a patient with thyrotoxicosis, proliferation of central nuclei, "Z" line
      streaming and formation of "T" tubular aggregates were seen. In one patient with
      hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcaemia, severe myofibrillar degeneration and
      mitochondria showing osmiophilic deposits, possibly of calcium phosphate, were
      encountered. It is concluded: (1) that all osteomalacic muscle weakness is not
      myopathic but a non-specific atrophy occurring probably on the basis of disuse
      and malnutrition, and (2) patients with an added metabolic or endocrinological
      disorder show in addition to the atrophy, degenerative changes in the muscle
      fibre and its sub-cellular components consistent with myopathy, and these
      patients should be clearly distinguished from those with a background of
      malnutrition only.

PMID- 1214192
TI  - The relative roles of platelets and macrophages in clearing particles from the
      blood; the value of carbon clearance as a measure of reticuloendothelial
      phagocytosis.
AB  - The correlation between detailed kinetic studies and ultrastructural localisation
      of particles during carbon clearance in normal animals illustrates that single
      order kinetics are not always obtained and phagocytosis is not always the major
      clearing process. During the early stages of clearance adherence of particles to
      platelets and to macrophage surfaces without immediate phagocytosis, as well as
      aggregation of particles within the blood are important controlling factors in
      the usual light absorbance techniques used to measure rates of clearance. The
      importance of the various processes involved varies depending upon the dose of
      carbon used and the time for which clearance is followed. The ultrastructural
      studies suggest an early constant rate of phagocytosis by Kupffer cells despite
      wide changes in dose of particles. At doses of 1 or 2 mg/100 g body weight of
      colloidal carbon the ultrastructural evidence shows that phagocytosis is the
      major early clearing process while at doses of 8 mg/100 g body weight and above
      the other processes are more important in the early clearance. Most clearance
      studies in the literature do not provide sufficient information to be certain
      that phagocytosis is the major process involved and such information can only be
      provided by detailed kinetic studies correlated with ultrastructural localisation
      of the particles. Many previous studies have used doses of colloidal carbon which
      invoke a major degree of the clearance processes other than phagocytosis and such
      studies are often based on a limited number of samples taken over a period when
      phagocytosis is not the only rate-controlling factor. Particle clearance studies
      should at least provide information concerning the possible role of platelets
      before the rates are considered to be measures of phagocytic function.

PMID- 1214193
TI  - Calcification in human breast carcinomas: ultrastructural observations.
AB  - Calcification in human breast carcinomas has been studied ultrastructurally.
      Multiple deposits of needle-shaped crystals intimately associated with
      electrondense material were observed among tumour cells. Similar deposits were
      present in intracytoplasmic lumina and the adjacent stroma. Cytoplasmic
      calcification was seen in membrane-bound vesicles and as partially membrane-bound
      clusters of crystals. It is suggested that the calcification is the result of an
      active secretory process rather than calcified necrotic or degenerate tumour
      cells. The possible mechanisms of calcification are discussed. Both electron
      diffraction and electron probe analysis show that the crystaline material is
      hydroxyapatite.

PMID- 1214194
TI  - The elasticity of the internal lamina.
AB  - The elasticity has been investigated post mortem of the external iliac artery
      from 48 cases, matched normotensives and hypertensives, males and females, from
      the 3rd to the 8th decades. The lamina is shown to be truly elastic in that it
      resists stretch, for there is no increase in the length of the lamina, measured
      histometrically, in arterial cross-sections when segments of the artery are
      distended by pressures equivalent to the lifetime systolic blood pressure, or
      indeed much higher pressures even to the point of rupture. In this process gaps
      in the lamina, the representation on histological slides of fenestrae, become
      wider than in the undistended state. With advancing age there is a very slight
      increase in the length of the lamina but this is not accompanied by any increase
      in the number of gaps except in the case of male normotensives over the age of 60
      yr. Between the 3rd and 8th decades gaps do not increase in size in the laminae
      of arteries from normotensives. The gaps do show an increase in size in
      hypertensives but only those above the age of 60 yr.

PMID- 1214195
TI  - Evaluation of fetal maturity by amnioscopy.

PMID- 1214196
TI  - Dyspnea in pregnancy.

PMID- 1214197
TI  - Maternal and fetal plasmsa levels of free corticosteroids during normal delivery.

PMID- 1214198
TI  - Heart rate in fetuses and neonates in normal conditions and with mild depression.
AB  - The continuous recording of fetal and neonatal heart rate gives reliable
      information on the condition of the fetus and neonate. In the present study the
      results obtained in vigorous and mildly depressed newborns, by the continuous
      recording of fetal heart rate during labor and of neonatal heart rate during 90
      minutes after birth, are presented. Twenty three pregnant women were studied
      during labor, as well as their newborns. They fulfilled the following conditions:
      --Mothers without known complications and good prenatal care. --Term pregnancies
      with single fetuses in vertex presentation with birthweight normal for age. --All
      labors started, progressed and delivered spontanously withoug signs of fetal
      distress. No drugs were given to the mother during labor or to the neonate. The
      umbilical cord was clamped immediately after birth. Seventeen neonates were
      vigorous at 1 and 5 minutes (Apgar score 7 or higher). Six neonates were slightly
      depressed at the first minute but all of them recovered at 5 minutes. Both groups
      are studied separately. Figure 1 shows the average values of BFHR and NHR
      corresponding to 17 vigorous newborns (Apgar scores 7-10 at the first and fifth
      minutes of life). No major variations were found in the average values of BFHR in
      the time period studied. No statistically significant differences were found in
      the BFHR of the same fetus at 60, 30 and 8 minutes before delivery (Fig. 2). A
      decrease in BFHR occurred during the 6 minutes preceding birth (fig. 1). After
      birth the average values of NHR were higher than the fetal ones (Fig. 1). This
      post-natal increase in heart rate (32 beats/min) is statistically significant
      when BFHR values 30 minutes before delivery are compared with NHR values recorded
      10 minutes after birth (Fig. 3). After this initial increase, NHR starts a
      gradual fall, lasting about 50 minutes and then becomes stable at a level similar
      to that of fetal heart rate (Fig. 1). Figure 1 shows that puncture of the heel
      causes an increase in NHR. The difference between NHR before and after the
      puncture is significant (Fig. 6). The heart rate of 6 newborns which were
      slightly depressed at the first minute of life (Apgar score 4-6) but vigorous at
      the fifth minute, are not significantly different from those of the vigorous
      group of 17 neonates (Fig.7). The cases chosen for this study have been carefully
      selected with the aim of establishing the "normal" pattern of fetal and neonatal
      heart rate. We concluded that in normal term labors BFHR remains stable from 90
      until 10 minutes before delivery; there is a tendency to fall during the last 6
      minutes preceeding birth. Immediately after birth, neonatal heart rate rises
      significantly, then falls gradually and becomes stabilized 50 minutes after
      delivery, at levels similar to those of BFHR.

PMID- 1214199
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid studies in an intensive care nursery.
AB  - Prospective and retrospective data were collected from 394 cerebrospinal fluid
      (CSF) examinations performed in premature and full term infants in a neonatal
      intensive care unit from October, 1969, to April, 1973.Premature infants had an
      average of 6 WBCs/mn and 180 mg/100 ml protein in their CSF in the first week,
      and 3 WBCs/mm and 117 mg/100 ml protein in the fourth week of life. Full term
      infants had an average of 5 WBCs/mm and 117 mg/100 ml protein in the CSF during
      their first week, and 5 WVCs/mm and 74 mg/100ml protein in their fourth week of
      life. Thus, increasing age at the time of lumbar puncture was associated with
      decreased cell number and lower protein in the CSF. Infants with bacterial
      meningitis, intracranical hemorrhage and those born of diabetic mothers had the
      highest values of CSF protein and WBCs. The highest number of RBCs in the CSF was
      seen in infants with intracranial hemorrhage and infants born of diabetic
      mothers.  Fifteen (4%) of the 394 CSFs examined yielded a virus or bacteria: 5 E.
      coli, 6 group B beta hemolytic streptococci, and 1 each a pneumococcus,
      cytomegalo-virus, Coxsackie, and ECHO virus. The CSF findings in the population
      of infants afflicted with the variety of illnesses studied are not strikingly
      different from published "normals". Thus, some degree of patient heterogeneity
      must have been present in previous series.

PMID- 1214200
TI  - Simple rapid test for specific determination of fetal lung maturity.

PMID- 1214201
TI  - [Working methods of the European Pharmacopoeia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1214202
TI  - [The reactions of inorganic ions in the European Pharmacopoeia (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1214203
TI  - [Discussion of some monographs, elaborated by group of experts no. 11 of the Eur.
      Ph (author's transl)].

PMID- 1214204
TI  - [Some considerations on the microbiological titration of antibiotics described in
      the European Pharmacopoeia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1214206
TI  - [Monographs on antibiotics in the European Pharmacopoeia (Vol. II)].

PMID- 1214205
TI  - [Commentaires on the sterility test of the European Pharmacopoeia (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1214207
TI  - [Methods of analysis of inorganic substances in the European Pharmacopoeia].

PMID- 1214209
TI  - [Checking of apparatus in the European Pharmacopoeia].

PMID- 1214208
TI  - [Commentaries on the monographs of Group 10 in Volumes I and II of the European
      Pharmacopoeia].

PMID- 1214210
TI  - [Determination of melting point and the prescriptions of the European
      Pharmacopoeia].

PMID- 1214212
TI  - Self-presentation: managing the impression of consistency when reality interferes
      with self-enhancement.
AB  - The manner in which an individual's self-perceptions affect related self
      presentations was investigated. One hundred and twenty subjects believed that
      they would participate in a group task where their individual performance would
      either be known to the group or be completely anonymous. On the basis of bogus
      feedback from prior tests, subjects expected to perform either extremely well or
      very poorly on the group task; control groups received no such feedback. Before
      the task began, group members exchanged personal information that allowed them to
      vary their self-presentations. Factor analysis revealed two self-presentational
      factors: competence and interpersonal relations. A Performance Expectations X
      Anonymity interaction was obtained on self-presentational claims to personal
      competence. Under public performance conditions (where future public events could
      invalidate an unrealistically positive self-presentation), self-presentations
      were consistent with subjects' expectations of actual performance. However, under
      anonymous conditions, self-presentations were quite favorable and unaffected by
      expectations of actual performance. The results support an incentive model and
      fail to support a consistency model. Subjects seemed to desire as self-enhancing
      and approval gaining a public image as possible but conceded to the demands of
      public reality when necessary.

PMID- 1214211
TI  - [Viscosity and its measurement in the pharmacopoeias].

PMID- 1214213
TI  - Effects of cue prominence and palatability on the drinking behavior of obese and
      normal humans.
AB  - This study examines the effects of cue salience and palatability (water
      temperature) on the water drinking of obese and normal subjects. Obese subjects
      drink more than do normal subjects when the water cue is prominent but do not do
      so when this cue is remote. Palatability does not differentially affect the
      drinking behavior of obese and normal subjects. These results support the
      extension to nonfood stimuli of the hypothesis of the hyperreactivity of the
      obese to prominent cues.

PMID- 1214214
TI  - Encoding and decoding nonverbal cues of emotion.
AB  - Subjects ("senders") encoded six emotions twice, first via facial expressions and
      second via tone of voice. These expressions were recorded and presented for
      decoding to the senders and an additional group of judges. Results were as
      follows: (a) the ability to encode and the ability to decode both visual and
      auditory cues were significantly related; (b) the relationship between encoding
      and decoding cues of the same emotion appeared low or negative; (c) the ability
      to decode visual cues was significantly related to the ability to decode auditory
      cues, but the correlations among encoding (and decoding) scores on different
      emotions were low; (d) females were slightly better encoders, and significantly
      better decoders, than males; (e) acquaintance between sender and judge improved
      decoding scores among males but not among females; (f) auditory decoding scores
      were higher than visual decoding scores, particularly among males; (g) auditory
      decoding scores were relatively high if sender and judge were of the same sex,
      while visual decoding scores were relatively high if sender and judge were of
      opposite sexes; (h) decoding scores varied according to channel of communication
      and type of emotion transmitted.

PMID- 1214215
TI  - Rate of participation and expertise as factors influencing leader choice.
AB  - Seventy-two female subjects were placed in four-person problem-solving groups. A
      confederate in each group was identified as either expert or inexpert, made
      expert or inexpert contributions, and either talked a lot or relatively little.
      The problem was made high or low in ambiguity. It was hypothesized that, as
      previous studies have shown, a high rate of participation would influence choice
      of the confederate as leader in the inexpert condition but that talkativeness
      would not be influential in the expert condition. The results supported the
      hypothesis. The characteristics of the confederate were somewhat less influential
      when the problem was low in ambiguity. The results were discussed in terms of
      what talkativeness may signify to other group members. When talkativeness is not
      resisted by the group it is tentative evidence that the talker is perceived as an
      appropriate, qualified, and legitimate leader.

PMID- 1214216
TI  - Sociocultural context of individual creativity: a transhistorical time-series
      analysis.
AB  - Hypotheses were stated which specify individual creativity as a function of
      developmental and productive period variables. It was then argued that these
      hypotheses could be better tested by examining generational fluctuations in
      creativity. Information from cultural and political archival sources was thus
      aggregated to form time series spanning 127 generations of European history. Data
      quality checks, control variables, data transformations, time-lagged comparisons,
      and trend analyses were used to improve the validity of the causal inferences.
      While the results varied according to the type of creativity (discursive or
      presentational) and the degree of achieved eminence, creative development was
      found to be affected by the following: (a) role model availability, (b) political
      fragmentation, (c) imperial instability, and (d) political instability.

PMID- 1214217
TI  - Empathy and altruism.
AB  - The psychophysiological responses of 60 subjects were measured as they observed a
      performer play a roulette game. Half of the subjects were led to believe that
      they were similar to the performer in personality and values, and half were led
      to believe that they were dissimilar. Half of the subjects in each condition
      believed that the performer won money and experienced pain as he played the game,
      and half believed that he performed a cognitive and motor skill task. Subjects
      who observed a performer who ostensibly experienced pleasure and pain exhibited
      greater psychophysiological reactions than subjects who did not. Subjects who
      believed they were similar to the performer tended to react more strongly than
      subjects who believed they were different from him. Similar subjects also
      reported identifying most with the performer and feeling the worst while he
      waited to receive shocks. It was concluded that the similar subjects empathized
      most with the performer who appeared to experience pleasure and pain. When
      required to make a choice between helping themselves at a cost to the performer
      or helping the performer at a cost to themselves, the subjects who reacted most
      empathically behaved most altruistically. The results were interpreted as casting
      some light on century-old questions about the human capacity for altruism.

PMID- 1214218
TI  - Differentiation of affective and denotative meaning systems and their influence
      in personality ratings.
AB  - The present study presents an empirical example of the dichotomy of affective and
      denotative meaning systems and their influence on individual differences in
      personality ratings. The three-mode factor analytic technique with a newly
      developed transformation methodology for the scale mode was applied to data
      collected by Hogenraad from 50 French-speaking Belgians, rating 40 personality
      concepts against 40 semantic differential scales. Results indicated that three
      affective dimensions (evaluation, potency, and activity) proved to be dominant in
      the indigenous factor structure of personality impressions and that three
      dimensions in the "other" space, orthogonal to affect, are clearly interpretable
      denotative semantic features of personalities. Three idealized individual
      differences on interactions of these two meaning systems with four concept
      factors were highlighted by the final rotated inner core matrix. The present
      methodology along with the semantic differential technique and three-mode factor
      analysis can be applied to various types of subjects and/or concept domains for
      better understanding of intra- and intercultural differences.

PMID- 1214219
TI  - Effects of angiotensin II on fluid transport, transmural potential difference and
      blood flow by rat jejunum in vivo.
AB  - A method has been described for the measurement of fluid transport by rat jejunum
      in vivo over two consecutive 30 min periods. 2. Subpressor infusion rates of
      angiotensin (0-59 ng/kg per minute) stimulate fluid transport, while high
      (pressor) infusion rates (590 ng/kg per minute) inhibit fluid absorption. 3. Both
      the inhibitory and stimulatory effects of angiotensin on fluid transport are not
      accompanied by any change in the transmural p.d., total blood flow to the jejunum
      or distribution of blood flow within the wall of the jejunum. 4. These results
      are discussed in relation to the mechanism of action of angiotensin on fluid
      transport and its role in sodium and water homoeostasis.

PMID- 1214220
TI  - Vibration-induced discharge patterns of single motor units in the masseter muscle
      in man.
AB  - Single motor unit potentials were recorded with small bipolar wires from intact
      masseter muscles in the adult man and a detailed parametric analysis of the
      effects of muscle vibration on motor unit discharges was carried out. 2. When the
      vibration amplitude was kept constant, each unit started firing at a definite
      threshold of vibration frequency. With higher frequencies the rate of firing
      rapidly reached a maximum. Units recruited at higher frequencies presented a
      lower maximum rate of firing. 3. When the vibration frequency was kept constant,
      each masseter unit discharged at a definite threshold of vibration amplitude.
      With higher amplitudes the unit quickly reached a maximum rate of discharge.
      Units with a higher frequency threshold tended to also present a higher amplitude
      threshold. Motor unit "excitability" curves could be plotted using the combined
      threshold conditions for frequency and amplitude of applied vibrations. 4. With a
      given parametric set of vibration, the units only started firing at a given delay
      after the onset of vibration. The delay was quite different for different units
      and it increased considerably, sometimes by several seconds, when the vibration
      amplitude was made smaller. 5. In all the experimental conditions tested, and
      even when the unit discharge did not start until several seconds after vibration
      onset, the unit potential presented a close and highly consistent temporal
      relation to the vibration cycles. The slow recruitment process is thought to
      involve a polysynaptic excitatory mechanism which progressively depolarizes the
      masseter motoneurones close to their threshold, the actual firing being triggered
      by monosynaptic excitatory post-synaptic potentials from I(a) afferents, hence
      the small latency jitter recorded. This special pattern of tonic vibration reflex
      in jaw-closing muscles in man may result from the lack of reciprocal inhibition
      from the jaw-opening muscles.

PMID- 1214221
TI  - Changes in statistical release parameters during prolonged stimulation of
      preganglionic nerve terminals.
AB  - 1. An analysis has been made of the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the
      preganglionic nerve terminals of the isolated superior cervical ganglion of the
      guinea-pig during prolonged repetitive stimulation (10 Hz), using the amplitude
      of the excitatory post-synaptic potential (e.p.s.p.) as a measure of the amount
      of ACh released. 2. The decline in the mean amount of ACh released by each
      impulse over 20 min of continuous stimulation was accompanied by a small decrease
      in the mean miniature (min.) e.p.s.p. amplitude (less than 20%), both in the
      presence and absence of supplementary choline (3 x 10(-5) M). During stimulation
      in the presence of hemicholinium-3 (HC-3) (2 x 10(-5) M), the fall in
      min.e.p.s.p. amplitude was significantly larger. 3. Amplitude-frequency
      histograms of e.p.s.p.s evoked at different times after the beginning of
      stimulation were usually well predicted by binomial statistics, using the
      min.e.p.s.p.s released during each sample period as a measure of the quantal
      unit. In the other cases, histograms could be predicted using Poisson's Law. 4. A
      decline in quantal content, m, occurred in all experiments. In the presence of
      synthesis, with or without added choline, this was always associated with a
      decrease in the binomial parameter, n, and, in many cases, with a decrease in the
      binomial parameter, p. During stimulation in the presence of HC-3, a larger fall
      in p was observed in all experiments. 5. The results suggest that depletion of
      the ACh stored in the terminal decreases both the size and number of quanta
      available for release, and that the decrease in the amount of ACh in each quantum
      reduces the probability of its release.

PMID- 1214223
TI  - The slow wave in the circular muscle of the guinea-pig stomach.
AB  - The slow wave in the circular muscle of guinea-pig stomach was investigated with
      the double sucrose-gap method. 2. The amplitude of the slow wave was reduced by
      depolarization, and it was increased by a small hyperpolarization (5-10 mV). With
      hyperpolarization greater than 15 mV the amplitude decreased, and the slow wave
      became reduced, and less dependent on polarization. This residual was not
      abolished by strong hyperpolarizing current pulses. 3. The frequency of the slow
      waves was not much affected by membrane polarization. The change was only 15-20%
      by depolarization or hyperpolarization of 12mV. 4. Rythmic inward currents could
      be recorded under voltage-clamp conditions. The frequency of the inward currents
      was the same as that of the slow wave. The intensity of inward current was little
      affected by membrane polarization. 5. Lowering the temperature reduced the
      frequency of the slow wave. The rates of rise and fall of the component which
      remained during strong hyperpolarization were similarly decreased by lowering the
      temperature. The Q10 of the frequency was about 2-7. 6. It is suggested that the
      slow wave consists of two different components. One is generated by a potential
      independent process, and triggers the second component which is potential
      dependent. The first component may be controlled by some metabolic process.

PMID- 1214222
TI  - The effect of sympathetic nerve stimulation on serum gastrin, gastric acid
      secretion and mucosal blood flow responses to meat extract stimulation in
      anaesthetized cats.
AB  - Chloralose anaesthetized cats were prepared with fundic and antral pouches.
      Fundic mucosal blood flow was measured by the amidopyrine technique and serum
      gastrin was measured by radioimmunoassay. 2. Meat extract suspension in the
      pyloric antrum produced a highly significant sixfold increase in arterial serum
      gastrin concentration (P less than 0-001). 3. The mean ratio of the fundic
      mucosal blood flow to acid secretory responses (deltaMBF/deltaH+ ratio) of 0-142
      +/- 0-026 (25) ml./muequiv H+, is very similar to the values previously published
      for exogenous gastrin stimulation. 4. Splanchnic nerve stimulation, during
      responses to meat extract stimulation, produced significant reductions in gastric
      acid secretion (P less than 0-025), fundic mucosal blood flow (P less than 0-02),
      Arterial serum gastrin concentration (P less than 0-01) And gastrin delivered to
      the mucosa (P less than 0-001). 5. In the 30 min period following the end of
      splanchnic nerve stimulation only arterial serum gastrin concentration remained
      significantly reduced.

PMID- 1214224
TI  - Some central mechanisms of thirst in the dog.
AB  - Measurements of water intake were made on a population of trained conscious dogs
      of both sexes prepared with chronic third ventricle cannulae. 2. Injection of 100
      ng angiotensin II into the third ventricle lead to a prompt stimulation of
      drinking, the mean water intake over a 5 min period being 503 +/- 89 ml. (n=6)
      compared with controls. This dipsogenic effect of angiotensin II was abolished by
      prior central administration of 10 mug saralasin acetate or 100 ng atropine. 3.
      Injection of 1 mug carbachol into the third ventricle produced a small, variable
      increase in drinking. 4. Injection of 0-2 ml. 5% NaCl into the third ventricle
      stimulated drinking, a response that was not affected by prior administration of
      10 mug saralasin acetate or 100 ng atropine. 5. Following a 24 hr period of water
      deprivation there was an increase in plasma osmolality and plasma-renin activity.
      The drinking following this period of water deprivation was not affected by prior
      control administration of either 10 mug saralasin acetate or 100 ng atropine. 6.
      In two acute dogs, intracarotid infusion of 125I angiotensin II was not followed
      by significant appearance of radioactivity in the third ventricle or cisterna
      magna c.s.f. 7. The relevance of these results to the control of water intake is
      discussed.

PMID- 1214225
TI  - Milk secretion in the rabbit: changes during lactation and the mechanism of ion
      transport.
AB  - Changes in the yield and composition of milk and in the permeability of the
      mammary epithelium to labelled disaccharides and ions have been studied during
      lactation in rabbits of the Dutch breed. 2. Milk yield increased to reach a peak
      on day 20 of lactation and then declined, but by 30-32 days the yield was still
      relatively high. Milk [protein] and [fat] increased in late lactation; [Na] and
      [Cl] decreased from early to established lactation (11-14 days) and then
      increased, whereas milk [K] and [lactose] showed an inverse pattern to that
      displayed by[Na] and [Cl]. 3. At all stages of lactation [Na] and [Cl] were both
      inversely related to milk [lactose] while [K] showed a positive correlation. 4.
      Labelled lactose and sucrose were found to cross the mammary epithelium at all
      stages but in increased amounts during late lactation. Sucrose entry from blood
      into milk was positively correlated with milk [Na], and inversely correlated with
      [K] and [lactose]. 5. The entry of (24)Na and (36)Cl into milk from blood
      paralleled the changes in milk [Na] and [Cl]. 6. Intracellular ionic composition
      determined in vitro was similar for [Na] and [K] in both established (11-14 days)
      and late (25-28 days) lactation, but [Cl] was higher in late lactation. 7.
      Intracellular potentials recorded in vivo were -31 mV (mean) and -36 mV in
      established and late lactation respectively. Transepithelial p.d. was close to
      zero at both stages. 8. It is suggested that ions and lactose and other small
      molecules can cross the mammary epithelium by a paracellular, as well as by a
      transcellular route, throughout lactation and that the paracellular pathway is
      increased in late lactation. 9. The site of the proposed paracellular pathway and
      the implications of such a pathway's presence on ion transport are discussed, and
      a scheme is suggested to account for the ionic composition of milk in this
      species.

PMID- 1214226
TI  - The effects of prolactin and oxytocin on milk secretion and on the permeability
      of the mammary epithelium in the rabbit.
AB  - The effects of prolactin or oxytocin on milk secretion and the permeability of
      the mammary epithelium have been investigated in rabbits. 2. Milk yield was
      increased by prolactin treatment in late (25-28 days) but not in established (11
      14 days) lactation. 3. Prolactin treatment increased milk [lactose] and [K] and
      decreased [Na] and [Cl] in late lactation, and thus reversed the normal changes
      in late lactation, but had no significant effect in established lactation. 4.
      [14C]sucrose movements from blood to milk were significantly decreased to levels
      characteristic of established lactation, following prolactin treatment in late
      lactation. No significant effect was evident with treatment in established
      lactation. Na and Cl movements showed similar trends. 5. It is suggested that
      prolactin in some way affects paracellular movements of ions and small molecules
      like lactose across the mammary epithelium, and that this mechanism is
      responsible for the changes in the composition of the aqueous phase of milk. 6.
      Immediately following a single dose of 100 m-u. oxytocin no significant effects
      on milk composition were evident but after 1 u. milk [Na] and [cl] were
      significantly increased. 7. Twenty-four hr after 1 u. oxytocin, milk [Na] and
      [cl] were decreased while [K], [lactose], [fat] and [protein] were increased. 8.
      During an I.V. infusion of oxytocin milk [Na] and [Cl] increased while [K] and
      [lactose] decreased. The passage of [(14)C]sucrose, 24Na and (36)Cl from blood to
      milk also increased. 9. These effects of oxytocin are discussed in relation to
      the permeability of the mammary epithelium and the pathways for ion movements,
      and to other studies on milk composition in the rabbit involving the
      administration of oxytocin to aid in the evacuation of milk.

PMID- 1214227
TI  - A dissociation between fever and prostaglandin concentration in cerebrospinal
      fluid.
AB  - 1. Sustained fever has been induced in conscious rabbits by I.V. injection and
      infusion of endogenous pyrogen. 2. Cerebrospinal fluid (e.s.f.) was sampled from
      the cisterna magna at hourly intervals. The concentration of prostaglandin
      increased in parallel with rectal temperature. The prostaglandin was identified
      as one of the E series. 3. When sodium salicylate (1-5 m-mole followed by a
      continuous infusion of 9 mumole/min) was started 1 hr before endogenous pyrogen,
      the febrile response to the pyrogen was not significantly diminished but no rise
      of prostaglandin concentration was detected in c.s.f. 4. This dissociation
      between fever and prostaglandin concentration means that changes in cisternal
      prostaglandin concentration cannot be accepted as evidence that prostaglandin
      mediates the febrile response.

PMID- 1214230
TI  - Psychosomatics and the "unconscious" mind--critique and evaluation.

PMID- 1214231
TI  - The influence of early training on the varieties of stress responses--an
      ethological approach.

PMID- 1214229
TI  - [Sodium and water transport mechanisms in amphibian epithelial cells and isolated
      renal tubules].

PMID- 1214228
TI  - Catecholamine release from bovine adrenal medulla in response to maintained
      depolarization.
AB  - Prolonged exposure of venous-perfused bovine adrenal glands to high K in the
      presence of external Ca produces a transient increase in catecholamine output
      that reaches a maximum after about 1 min and then declines with a half-time of
      about 1-2 min. 2. The time course of the transient secretory response to high K
      does not depend appreciably on the total catecholamine output which indicates
      that depletion of releasable catecholamine is unlikely to be responsible for the
      transient nature of the response. 3. Application of 3-6 mM-Ba stimulates
      secretion from a gland after many minutes exposure to high K, when catecholamine
      output has declined close to resting levels. This provides further evidence that
      depletion does not play a major role in the transient response and shows that
      maintained depolarization does not inhibit the secretory mechanism. 4. Exposure
      to high K solutions in which Ca has been replaced isomotically by Mg does not
      evoke any catecholamine output. Subsequent application of Ca always elicits some
      secretion although the size of this response to added Ca declines rapidly during
      exposure to Ca-free, high K solutions. The failure of the secretory response in
      these experiments is more rapid, and earlier in onset than the declining phase of
      the normal secretory response evoked in the presence of calcium. 5. Pre-treatment
      with Ca-free solutions of intermediate K content reduces the response to
      subsequent simultaneous application of high K and Ca. There is a roughly
      sigmoidal relation between the reduction in response and the logarithm of the K
      concentration used for pre-treatment. 6. Thin slices of bovine adrenal medulla
      show qualitatively similar responses on exposure to high K. Examination of the
      flourescent signal from slices dyed with the potential-sensitive dye DiS-C(3)-(5)
      suggests that maintained exposure to high K produces a stable depolarization. 7.
      The most likely explanation for these results is that K-depolarization first
      activates and subsequently inactivates a potential-sensitive Ca permeability
      channel. This inactivation is time and possibly potential dependent. 8. The
      effect of high K on calcium movements in medullary slices was examined. Exposure
      to 72 mM-K increases (45)Ca uptake, the increase being greatest during the first
      10 min. The efflux of Ca is also increased on exposure to high K in the presence
      of Ca. The net Ca uptake in 72 mM-K is smaller than the tracer uptake of Ca.
      These findings indicate that K depolarization stimulates a Ca-Ca exchange
      process. They are also consistent with, but do not offer strong positive support
      for, the idea that K-depolarization first activates and subsequently inactivates
      Ca entry. 9. It is suggested that Ca inactivation might play a role in the
      modulation of neurosecretion and neurotransmitter release by changes in membrane
      potential.

PMID- 1214233
TI  - Hyperventilation: the tip and the iceberg.

PMID- 1214232
TI  - Yoga and biofeedback in the management of hypertension.

PMID- 1214235
TI  - [Small intestinal occlusion by primary neoplastic stenosis. Concerning 10
      patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present 10 cases of primary cancer of the small intestine which had
      led to occlusive disorders. After eliminating occlusion due to strangulation and
      confirming the simple mechanical nature of the obstacle on confrontation of the
      clinical signs (Koenig's syndrome) and data from the plain X-rays of the
      unprepared abdomen, they carried out contrast radiography using barium, which
      enabled them in 6 cases to suspect the malignant nature of the stenosis.

PMID- 1214236
TI  - [Radiological aspects of the lower esophagus rings of adults (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors propose an easy radiological classification of the various lower
      esophageal rings. They distinguish between the ring which are linked with a
      disorders at the gastroesophageal junction such as Schatzki's mucous rings and
      the peptic rings and those which are not such a congenital and muscular rings.
      The first category is the most frequent.

PMID- 1214237
TI  - [Intravenous duodenography: a routine investigation (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present their experience of intravenous duodenography using tiemonium
      methyl sulphate which they described in 1963. This simple, regular and safe
      techniques enables one to obtain at the end of the investigations, a
      duodenography by first intention, by means of the intravenous injection of
      tiemonium. Parietal lesions, extrinsic compression of small or large dimension,
      within the duodenal outline are easily demonstrated. Gastroduodenal investigation
      must of course be comprised of pictures during collapse, semi-collapse and
      repletion of the entire duodenal outline; once out of every two times, one has to
      recourse to intravenous duodenography which has become a routine investigation.

PMID- 1214238
TI  - [The radiological diagnosis of pyelocaliceal tumors. Accent placed on the value
      of arteriography, especially after the angiotensin test (author's transl)].
AB  - From a study of 22 cases of excretory pathway tumors, which had undergone simple
      selective arteriography, complemented in certain cases by an angiotensin test,
      the authors were able to draw the following conclusions: -In those forms which
      show a pyelocaliceal lacuna on intravenous pyelography, arteriography does not
      help in making a diagnosis; in particular it does not help in distinguishing
      malignant forms from benign forms. It is therefore of no practical value and is
      not indicated in such cases. -In those forms showing caliceal amputation or a non
      functioning kidney on intravenous pyleography, arteriography nearly always
      enables the diagnosis of a tumor and confirms considerable parenchymal invasion.
      Its practical value is evident and it seems that it is always indicated in such
      cases. -Interpretation of the documents must always be thorough, looking for
      minor signs, while being aware of possible causes of error.

PMID- 1214234
TI  - [The radiologic aspects after highly selective vagotomy (author's transl)].
AB  - The purpose of this study is to report the early radiologic modifications
      observed among 72 patients operated for duodenal ulcer. Each patient has been
      subjected to a double control, the first eight days and the second eight weeks
      after the operation. The first transit permits to judge the efficacity and
      quality of the highly selective vagotomy and shows the permanent and transistory
      modifications of the cardia, the stomac, the duodenum and the small bowel; the
      second permits to study the condition of the ulcer.

PMID- 1214239
TI  - [Critical analysis of angiography in renal traumatology (author's transl)].
AB  - From this analysis of a series of 39 cases of trauma submitted to angiography, it
      can once again be said that surgical indications and tactics are essentially
      determined by vascular involvment. Renal arteriography is therefore alone capable
      of answering two primordial questions: "Must surgery be undertaken and when
      operating, what surgical tactics to adopt". It must be preceded by full
      arteriography which enables one to evaluate associated lesions (spleen 15%), at
      the same time as it orientates selective arteriography. The I.V.P. is a correct
      means of approach but is only significant in 60% of cases. Abstention from
      radiological investigation as a primary requisite is unpardonable and can leave
      irreversible sequels. (10% of cases).

PMID- 1214240
TI  - [Study of the growth of a mammary cancer and of one of its pulmonary metastases
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A kinetic difference between a mammary cancer and one of its pulmonary metastases
      progressing simultaneously, has been quantified. The time in which the primary
      tumor doubled was 72 hours whereas that of the pulmonary metastasis was 20 days.
      This difference is probably related to variations in the local conditions of
      tumor proliferation. It is found in certain series where primary tumors and
      pulmonary metastase shad been seperately studied.

PMID- 1214242
TI  - [Novel contribution of dynamic telethermography in the diagnosis of dysplasia and
      cancer of the uterine cervix (author's transl)].
AB  - At the present time when maximum information, obtained without practising an
      incision, on anomalies of the cervix take on the greater importance, thermivision
      provides novel data. Hot dysplasia was revealed to be true early cancer, cold
      dystrophy was near to hot subclinical cancer and "screened" in a way and picked
      up by routine thermovisual investigations. An elevated thermogenesis, even of a
      colposcopically benign lesion should maintain clinical alertness. Disagreement
      between the results of colposcopy, thermovision and cervico-uterine cytology,
      instead of leading to the rejection of these methods, must on the contrary make
      one look for the reasons for these divergences. D.T.T. in introducing new data,
      undoubtedly provides an element of uterine cervical physiology. Faced with an
      evident early cancer, study of the thermal emission enables one to precisely show
      the degree of local extension of this cancer and sometines its multifocal nature.
      It is an event, an approach to the physiology of malignancy. Furthermore it is
      remarkable to note the cooling after ionizing irradiation, rapid and complete
      cooling. D.T.T. is therefore called upon to take its place which is even greater
      as new non-mutilating therapeutic methods such as cryosurgery for example
      develop.

PMID- 1214241
TI  - [Dynamic telethermography and strategy in cancerology (author's transl)].
AB  - Infrared thermography supplies new elements in the systematic screening for
      cancer of the breast, in the early diagnosis of other localizations (malignant
      cutaneous melanomas, uterine cervix, osseous sarcomas), in the check-up of
      extension of these cancers (in particular distant metastases) and especially in
      the study of their behaviour (rapid growing cancer) and in their prognosis. It
      can also be of great help in the treatment of numerous cancers in the choice of
      tactical objectives (thermovisual definition of targets), in the choice of a
      strategic plan (chronology of therapeutic combinations) and especially for better
      post-therapeutic follow-up.

PMID- 1214243
TI  - [Contribution of xerography in the discovery of radiolucent billiary calculi
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Used in 100 patients, in whom the gall bladder was badly opacified, and
      apparently contained no stones, xeroradiography led to the appearance of images
      of radiolucent calculi on 8 occasions. Furthermore, it enabled a differential
      diagnosis between lacunae due to lithiasis and gaseous pseudo-lacunae. The weak
      system transfer density however prevented it being considered other than as a
      complementary method. Undoubtedly, however it announces the wider possibilities
      for electronic radiography, of which the images are comparable with a greatly
      reduced irradiation.

PMID- 1214244
TI  - [Estimate of coronary blood flow by simple fixation measurement of 86Rb on the
      cardiac muscle (author's transl)].
AB  - The method for measuring coronary blood flow, which is described here, is based
      on the estimate, by external detection, of the quantity of 86Rb fastened on the
      cardiac muscle about ten minutes after the injection. The discussion which
      follows after this report, shows that the use of such a late time for the
      measurements does not contradict the fondamental hypothesis but allows to work in
      perfect technical conditions. The results obtained,widely superposable to those
      which have been published until to-day, prove a posteriori the availability of
      the method.

PMID- 1214245
TI  - [Double venoma (varicosity) of the neck in an 8 year old child (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Venous ectasia in the neck, can for esthetic reasons, justify radical surgical
      treatment. But as it is a benign condition, the decision to operate also depends
      on the topography of the ectasia. The authors present the case of a double
      jugular localization, internal and external, explored by the techniques of direct
      and retrograde phlebography.

PMID- 1214246
TI  - [Proceedings: Radiologic aspects of extrinsic allergic alveolitis].

PMID- 1214247
TI  - [Proceedings: vascular modifications in bronchiectasis: diagnostic,
      physiopathologic and therapeutic aspects].

PMID- 1214248
TI  - [Proceedings: Arteriovenous aneurysm of the hilum and spleen].

PMID- 1214249
TI  - [Proceedings: Typical and atypical images of pancreatic origin in double-contrast
      examinations of the stomach].

PMID- 1214250
TI  - Effects of oral progestogens on estrogen-induced changes in plasma proteins.

PMID- 1214251
TI  - Scope and limitation of camp approach to female sterilization.

PMID- 1214252
TI  - Florida's experience with an intrauterine device for the nulliparous patients.
AB  - During a two-year study (1971-1973), 1,179 nulliparous patients used a small
      double-coil intrauterine device for a total of 9,750 woman months of exposure.
      The continuation rate achieved was 70%, and a low number of pregnancies were
      reported. Expulsions totaled 11%, a highly acceptable rate among nulliparous
      patients. Of three nulliparous devices evaluated, the small coil was selected as
      the device of first choice in Florida's public health clinics although other
      devices are available. Study of nulliparous IUD patients was only a small part of
      the overall study of devices. Experience with 65,693 insertions of Saf-T-Coil and
      Lippes Loop showed a low number of pregnancies with no reported serious effects
      such as fatalities, ectopic pregnancies or septic abortions. The current threat
      posed to wide-scale use of proven intrauterine devices by inappropriate reporting
      and poor understanding of current investigations of IUD safety could produce
      unfortunate side effects, including a large surge of unwanted pregnancies across
      the country.

PMID- 1214253
TI  - Cesarean hysterectomy for sterilization.

PMID- 1214254
TI  - Profile of a new low dose combination estrogen and progestogen oral
      contraceptive: a review of nine clinical studies.
AB  - A new low dose oral contraceptive containing norgestrel 0.3 mg + ethinyl
      estradiol 0.030 mg was studied by nine investigators in 1287 women during 11,085
      treatment cycles, representing 852 woman-years of usage. The preparation was
      administered on a cyclic basis -- i.e., tablets were taken for 21 days and then
      omitted for the last seven days of each cycle. Only one woman conceived, giving a
      use-effectiveness of 0.12/100 woman-years of treatment. Menstrual irregularities
      were increased slightly from the pretreatment experience, common side effects
      usually associated with hormonal therapy were minimal, and the product was highly
      acceptable to most of the women studied. No drug toxicity was demonstrated, and
      no malignancy of breasts or pelvic organs, no cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, or
      renal disease, and no pulmonary emboli or cerebrovascular disease was reported.
      The incidence of dropout for medical reasons was 8.9%.

PMID- 1214256
TI  - The office management of sexual problems: brief therapy appraoaches.

PMID- 1214255
TI  - The termination of human pregnancy with prostaglandin analogs.
AB  - The investigational use of prostaglandins to establish a safe, alternative method
      for the termination of pregnancy has shown significant development in the United
      States. The introduction of second generation compounds was initiated by
      chemically attaching a methyl group in the 15 carbon position of prostaglandins
      E2 and F2alpha. These compounds prevented enzymatic degradation by the enzyme
      prostaglandin 15 dehydrogenase. (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin E2 methyl ester
      administered by intramuscular injection has been used successfully to
      therapeutically terminate pregnancy in 208 women of gestational age six through
      20 weeks. Side effects, not major and considered acceptable by the investigator,
      were vomiting, diarrhea and temperature elevations associated with shaking and
      chills. (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin F2alpha (THAM), administered by
      intramuscular injection, has been used to terminate pregnancy in 283 women.
      Efficacy rates under optimal dosage regimens have reached 100% with a complete
      abortion rate of 96%. Gastrointestinal side effects of vomiting and diarrhea
      occurred, but temperature elevations with associated shaking and chills were
      infrequent. The mean time from initial therapy to abortion with both compounds
      has remained under 16 hours. A route of drug therapy for therapeutic termination
      of human pregnancy has been explored and developed which avoids invasion of the
      uterus.

PMID- 1214257
TI  - Safety of contraceptive methods: amenorrhea.

PMID- 1214258
TI  - Pre-testing: an empirical assessment of the purpose and practice.

PMID- 1214259
TI  - New developments in fetoscopy.

PMID- 1214260
TI  - Intrauterine fetal demise with a negative oxytocin challenge test.

PMID- 1214261
TI  - Guest editorial: Natural leprosy-like disease in armadillos: a boon to leprosy
      research?

PMID- 1214262
TI  - The effect of macrophage hydrolytic enzyme levels on the uptake and degradation
      of antigen and immune complexes.

PMID- 1214264
TI  - Editorial: The recent case of the baboon and the baby.

PMID- 1214263
TI  - Leprosy-like disease occurring naturally in armadillos.

PMID- 1214265
TI  - Editorial: The abortion issue.

PMID- 1214266
TI  - A critique of the Law Commission report on injuries to unborn children and the
      proposed Congenital Disabilities (Civil Liability) Bill.

PMID- 1214267
TI  - A new ethical approach to abortion and its implications for the euthanasia
      dispute.
AB  - Mr Gardner, a practising gynaecologist who is necessarily involved with abortion,
      suggests a view of the fetus which is between the positions commonly held: the
      fetus is a mass of cells, the fetus is a person from the moment of conception. He
      considers that from the moment of conception there is established a maternal
      fetal unity. In that state the previable fetus is not an individual but is on the
      way to that status. The writer goes on to differentiate between the moral
      positions of the advocates of abortion and of euthanasia. Already legal
      safeguards for those antipathetic to abortion have been eroded in practice and so
      likewise would those be if the Euthanasia Bill were to become law.

PMID- 1214269
TI  - Analysis: an introduction to ethical concepts. 'Is' and 'ought'.

PMID- 1214268
TI  - Self-medication with mood changing drugs.
AB  - The aim of this article is to examine some of the consequences of the recent
      advances in neurobiology in terms of the ability of drugs to manipulate the mind.
      Most laymen are totally ignorant of the general mechanism underlying the brain
      mind relationship and therefore of the action of mind-altering drugs. Professor
      Grahame-Smith considers that one of the intrinsic evils of man's neurobiological
      make up is that a prime motive of the brain seems to be to bring comfort,
      security and pleasure for itself. Therefore it is not surprising that drugs -
      notably the barbiturates and more recently the benzodiazepines (tranquilizers) -
      have been prescribed to give to the brain that peace of mind that it seeks.
      However, it can be argued that such drugs cannot replace anxiety with peace of
      mind or unhappiness or depression with happiness. The action of such drugs upon
      the molecules of the brain is negative - a placebo effect.

PMID- 1214270
TI  - Correspondence: Composition and function of ethical committees.

PMID- 1214271
TI  - Letter: Active and passive euthanasia.

PMID- 1214272
TI  - Letter: Dialogue between Marshall Marinker and Ivan Illich.

PMID- 1214273
TI  - Ionic dependence of sodium currents in squid axons analyzed in terms of specific
      ion "channel" interactions.
AB  - Inward sodium currents were measured from voltage-clamped giant axons externally
      perfused with artificial seawater (ASW) solutions containing various
      concentrations of sodium and potassium ions. The data was analyzed under the
      assumption that under a constant membrane potential sodium conductance is
      determined by a specific ion-channel site (SIS) reaction. The sodium current
      density values were expressed in terms of SIS-reaction rates which were compared,
      by means of minimization techniques, with those computed for various saturation
      reaction mechanisms. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) The dependence of
      peak inward sodium current on external sodium and potassium concentrations can be
      described in terms of saturation reactions. 2) The experimental data fit well the
      kinetics of a positive cooperative homotropic reaction, involving at least two
      allosteric active sites. One of these sites may be catalytic while the other,
      either catalytic or regulatory. 3) The inhibitory effect of external potassium on
      inward sodium current, can be described by a reversible competitive or
      noncompetitive inhibition mechanism. The values of the dissociation constant of
      the inhibitor-site "complex" (Ki) were found to be close to the external
      potassium concentration under physiological conditions.

PMID- 1214274
TI  - Uptake of sorbitol by chick embryo heart cells at various stages of development.
AB  - Sorbitol enters chick embryo heart cells from five days of development on. The
      rate of sorbitol entry becomes slower as development proceeds and the data
      suggest this is principally due to an increase in the apparent Km of transport,
      the Vmax remaining relatively constant. The uptake of sorbitol displays
      saturation kinetics and is believed on this ground to be carrier-mediated.
      Sorbitol does not appear to be actively transported since it is not concentrated
      against a gradient and its uptake is not inhibited by iodoacetate or 2, 4
      dinitrophenol. Sorbitol does not appear to be taken up via the glucose transport
      system since uptake is not stimulated by insulin or inhibited by glucose or
      phloretin.

PMID- 1214275
TI  - Transmembrane electrophoresis of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate through egg
      lecithin liposome membranes.
AB  - Valinomycin has been shown to increase the amount of 8-anilino-1
      naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) bound to egg lecithin liposomes and also to increase
      the maximum fluorescence value, as derived from double reciprocal plots. The
      assay conditions were such that addition of valinomycin would not produce a
      transmembrane potential. The formation of a valinomycin potassium ANS complex in
      the micelle membrane is proposed. This could account for the increase in the
      maximum fluorescence value and, by acting as an ANS transporter, could also
      account for the increase in ANS bound. Tributylamine was also shown to increase
      the binding and maximum fluorescence of ANS. In assay conditions where the
      addition of valinomycin would produce a transmembrane potential negative inside,
      the tributylamine-induced fluorescence was reversed. The fluorescense decrease is
      interpreted as transmembrane electrophoresis of ANS in response to a
      transmembrane potential.

PMID- 1214276
TI  - Patch voltage clamp of squid axon membrane.
AB  - A small area (patch) of the external surface of a squid axon can be "isolated"
      electrically from the surrounding bath by means of a pair of concentric glass
      pipettes. The seawater-filled inner pipette makes contact with the axon and
      constitutes the external access to the patch. The outer pipette is used to direct
      flowing sucrose solution over the area surrounding the patch of membrane
      underlying the inner pipette. Typically, sucrose isolated patches remain in good
      condition (spike amplitude greater than 90 mV) for periods of approximately one
      half hour. Patches of axon membrane which had previously been exposed to sucrose
      solution were often excitable. Membrane survival of sucrose treatment apparently
      arises from an outflow of ions from the axon and perhaps satellite cells into the
      interstitial cell space surrounding the exolemma. Estimate of the total access
      resistance (electrode plus series resistance) to the patch is about 100 komega (7
      omega cm2). Patch capacitance ranges from 10-100 pF, which suggests areas of 10(
      4) to 10(-5) cm2 and resting patch resistances of 10-100 Momega. Shunt resistance
      through the interstitial space exposed to sucrose solution, which isolates the
      patch, is typically 1-2 Momega. These parameters indicate that good potential
      control and response times can be achieved on a patch. Furthermore, spatial
      uniformity is demonstrated by measurement of an exoplasmic isopotential during
      voltage clamp of an axon patch. The method may be useful for other preparations
      in which limited membrane area is available or in special instances such as in
      the measurement of membrane conduction noise.

PMID- 1214277
TI  - Noise measurements in squid axon membrane.
AB  - A small area (10(-4) to 10(-5) cm2 patch) of the external surface of a squid
      (Loligo pealei) axon was "isolated" electrically by means of a pair of concentric
      glass pipettes and sucrose solution to achieve a low extraneous noise measurement
      of spontaneous fluctuations in membrane potential and current. The measured
      "small-signal" impedance function of the isolated patch in seawater was constant
      at low frequencies and declined monotonically at frequencies beyond 100Hz. It is
      shown that the power-density spectrum (PDS) of voltage noise, which generally
      reflects the current-noise spectrum filtered by the membrane impedance function,
      is equivalent to the power spectrum of current-noise up to frequencies where the
      impedance decline is significant (Fishman, 1973a, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA
      70:876). This result is in contrast to an impedance resonance measured under
      uniform constant-current (internal axial wire) conditions, for which the voltage
      noise PDS reflects the impedance resonance. The overdamped resonance in the patch
      technique is a consequence of the relatively low resistance (1 Momega) pathways
      through the sucrose solution in the interstitial Schwann cell space which
      surround and shunt the high resistance (10-100 Momega) membrane patch. Current
      noise measurements during patch voltage clamp extend observation of patch ion
      conductance fluctuations to 1 kHz. Various tests are presented to demonstrate the
      temporal and spatial adequacey of patch potential control during current-noise
      measurements.

PMID- 1214278
TI  - Potassium-ion conduction noise in squid axon membrane.
AB  - Spectral analysis (1-1000 Hz) of spontaneous fluctuations of potential and
      current in small areas of squid (Loligo pealei) axon shows two forms of noise: f
      1 noise occurs in both excitable and inexcitable axons with an intensity which
      depends upon the driving force for potassium ions. The other noise has a spectral
      form corresponding to a relaxation process, i.e. its asymptotic behavior at low
      frequencies is constant, and at high frequencies it declines with a slope of -2.
      This latter noise occurs only in excitable axons and was identified in spectra by
      (1) its disappearance after reduction of K+ current by internal perfusion with
      solutions containing tetraethylammonium (TEA+), Cs+ or reduced [Ki+] and (2) its
      insensitivity to block of Na+ conduction and active transport. The transition
      frequency of relaxation spectra are also voltage and temperature dependent and
      relate to the kinetics of K+-conduction in the Hodgkin-Huxley formulation. These
      data strongly suggest that the relaxation noise component arises from the kinetic
      properties of K+ channels. The f-1 noise is attributed to restricted diffusion in
      conducting K+ channels and/or leakage pathways. In addition, an induced K+
      conduction noise associated with the binding of TEA+ and triethyldecylammonium
      ion to membrane sites is described. Measurement of the induced noise may provide
      an alternative means of characterizing the kinetics of interaction of these
      molecules with the membrane and also suggests that these and other
      pharmacological agents may not be useful in identifying noise components related
      to the sodium conduction mechanism which, in these experiments, appears to be
      much lower in intensity than either the normal K conduction or induced noise
      components.

PMID- 1214279
TI  - Effects of proteolytic enzymes on ionic conductances of squid axon membranes.
AB  - The effects of proteolytic enzymes on ionic conductances of squid axon membranes
      have been studied by means of the voltage clamp technique. When perfused
      internally alpha-chymotrypsin (1 mg/ml) increased and prolonged the depolarizing
      after-potential. Sodium inactivation was partially inhibited causing a prolonged
      sodium current, and peak sodium and steady-state potassium currents were
      suppressed. The time for sodium current to reach its peak was not affected.
      Leakage conductance increased later. On the other hand, carboxypeptidases A and
      B, both at 1mg/ml, suppressed the sodium and potassium conductance increases with
      little or no change in sodium inactivation. The mechanism that controls sodium
      inactivation appears to be associated with the structure of membrane proteins
      which is modified by alpha-chymotrypsin but not by carboxypeptidases and is
      located in a position accessible to alpha-chymotrypsin only from inside the
      membrane.

PMID- 1214280
TI  - The electrical potential profile of gallbladder epithelium.
AB  - In this study the relative ionic permeabilities of the cell membranes of Necturus
      gallbladder epithelium have been determined by means of simultaneous measurement
      of transmural and transmucosal membrane potential differences (PD) and by ionic
      substitution experiments with sodium, potassium and chloride ions. It is shown
      that the mucosal membrane is permeable to sodium and to potassium ions. The baso
      lateral membrane PD is only sensitive to potassium ions. In both membranes
      chloride conductance is negligible or absent. The ratio of the resistances of the
      mucosal and baso-lateral membranes, RM/RS, increases upon reducing the sodium
      concentration in the mucosal solution. The same ratio decreases when sodium is
      replaced by potassium which implies a greater potassium than sodium conductance
      in the mucosal membrane. The relative permeability of the shunt for potassium,
      sodium and chloride ions is: PK/PNa/PCl=1.81:1.00:0.32. From the results obtained
      in this study a value for the PK/PNa ratio of the mucosal membrane could be
      evaluated. This ratio is 2.7. From the same data the magnitude of the
      electromotive forces generated across the cell membranes could be calculated. The
      EMF's are -15mV across the mucosal membrane and -81mV across the baso-lateral
      one. Due to the presence of the low resistance shunt the transmucosal membrane PD
      is -53.2mV (cell inside negative) and the transmural PD is +2.6mV (serosal side
      positive). The change in potential profile brought about by the low resistance
      shunt favors passive entry of Na ions into the cell across the mucosal membrane.
      Calculations show that this passive Na influx is maximally 64% of the net Na flux
      estimated from fluid transport measurements. The C-1 conductive of the baso
      lateral membrane is too small to allow electrogenic coupling of C1 with Na
      transport across this membrane. Experiments with rabbit gallbladder epithelium
      indicate that the membrane properties in this tissue are qualitatively similar to
      those of Necturus gallbladder epithelium.

PMID- 1214281
TI  - Anion permeation in the proximal tubule of Necturus kidney: the shunt pathway.
AB  - The effect of foreign anions on transepithelial potential difference and
      transepithelial input conductance was studied in the isolated perfused Necturus
      kidney. Two microelectrodes (recording and current-injecting) were inserted into
      the lumen of single proximal tubules and the peritubular perfusate was shifted
      reversibly for 30-60 sec from a physiologic Ringer's solution to a test solution
      in which chloride was replaced isosmotically by a foreign anion. The permeability
      sequence, obtained by potential measurements, was: lactate less than glutamate
      less than gluconate less than pyruvate less than benzene sulfonate less than or
      equal to acetate less than or equal to F less than propionate less than BrO3 less
      than formate less than ClO3 less than Cl than ClO4 less than I less than or equal
      to Br less than NO3 less than SCN. Transepithelial conductance decreased when the
      tissue was perfused with anions less permeable than chloride but the conductance
      sequence was different from the permeability sequence. Such discrepancies were
      more pronounced during perfusion with hyperpolarizing anions; ClO4 and I- (both
      more permeable than chloride) produced an important decrease in transepithelial
      conductance, followed by incomplete reversibility when the perfusion was shifted
      again to chloride Ringer's. The results are best explained by the presence of
      weak positive fixed charges, governing anion permeation, at the shunt pathway of
      the proximal tubule. An analysis of the data allows tentative estimates of shape
      and size of the sites.

PMID- 1214282
TI  - Letters to the editor: Comments on: Sodium fluxes through the active transport
      pathway in toad bladder.

PMID- 1214283
TI  - Electrical properties of the cellular transepithelial pathway in Necturus
      gallbladder. I. Circuit analysis and steady-state effects of mucosal solution
      ionic substitutions.
AB  - Microelectrode techniques were employed to measure the electrical resistance of
      the cell membranes and the shunt pathway, and the equivalent electromotive forces
      (EMF's) at both cell borders in Necturus gallbladder epithelium. The cell is, on
      the average, 57 mV negative to the mucosal solution and 59 mV negative to the
      serosal solution. The transepithelial potential (Vms) ranges from 0.5 to 5 mV,
      serosal solution positive. Assuming that the shunt EMF (Vs) is zero with standard
      Ringer's bathing oth sides of the tissue, both cell membrane EMF's are oriented
      with the negative pole toward the cell interior and are 39.9 +/- 3.6 mV (apical,
      Va), and 69.4 +/- 1.8 mV (basal-lateral, Vb)...

PMID- 1214284
TI  - Electrical properties of the cellular transepithelial pathway in Necturus
      gallbladder. II. Ionic permeability of the apical cell membrane.
AB  - Microelectrode techniques were employed to study the ionic permeability of the
      apical cell membrane of Necturus gallbladder epithelium. Results obtained from
      continuous records in single cells, and from several cellular impalements shortly
      after a change in solution, were similar and indicate that both the apical
      membrane equivalent electromotive force (Va) and electrical resistance (Ra)
      strongly depend on external [K]. Cl substitutions produced smaller effects, while
      the effects of Na substitutions with N-methyl-D-glucamine on both Va and Ra were
      minimal. These results indicate that the permeability sequence of the apical
      membrane is PKgreater thanPClgreater than PNa. From the calculated absolute value
      of PNa it is possible to estimate the diffusional Na flux from the mucosal
      solution into the cells (from the cell potential and an assumed intracellular Na
      concentration). The calculated flux is roughly three orders of magnitude smaller
      than the measured net transepithelial flux in this tissue and in gallbladders of
      other species. Thus, only a minimal portion of Na entry can be attributed to
      independent diffusion. From estimations of the electrochemical potential gradient
      across the apical membrane, Cl transport at that site must be active. At the
      serosal cell membrane, Na transport takes place against both chemical and
      electrical potentials, while a significant portion of the Cl flux can be passive,
      if this membrane has a significant Cl conductance. The changes in shunt
      electromotive force and in transepithelial potential after mucosal substitutions
      were very similar, indicating that transepithelial bi-ionic potentials yield
      appropriate results on the properties of shunt pathway.

PMID- 1214285
TI  - The nature of the voltage-dependent conductance of the hemocyanin channel.
AB  - The electrical responses of individual hemocyanain channels in oxidized
      cholesterol membranes demonstrate that the voltage-dependent conductance of many
      chanel membranes arises from two different mechanisms. These are the voltage
      dependent redistribution of channels among several discrete single-channel
      conductance states themselves. The relaxation time for the discrete conductance
      changes is of the order of seconds nd the relaxation time of the continuous
      conductance changes is of the order 10(-4) seconds. As salt concentration in the
      bathing medium is increased, the single-channel conductance first increases
      lineary and then saturates. The characteristics of the saturation curves suggest
      that the  continuous conductance changes occur at the edges of the channel and
      that the mean time an ion spends in the channel is 4 nanoseconds...

PMID- 1214286
TI  - [Cytodiagnosis of central nervous systems tumors: comparative study of
      cytological (CSF) and histological results (author's transl)].
AB  - From a group of 52 tumours of the CNS it was possible to make a study of 35 (10
      primary and 25 metastatic) to see if the nature of the neoplasm could be
      established from an examination of the cells of the CSF, comparing the results
      with those obtained by histological examination of the tumour tissues. There are
      very few dependable criteria to be found in the cells sedimented from the CSF
      (secretory activity; degree of differentiation) so, generally, only a
      determination as to whether the tumour is primary or metastatic, and if
      epithelial or mesodermal, can be made. Organ specificity can be identified only
      as regards the metastatic hypernephromas and thyroid carcinomas.

PMID- 1214287
TI  - Letter: On the measurement of series resistance in giant axon preparations.

PMID- 1214290
TI  - Respiratory disease mortality in an institutionalised mentally retarded
      population.
AB  - Mortality from respiratory diseases has been described in a large institution for
      the mentally retarded, from 1958 to 1973. Pneumonia continued to account for a
      large proportion of deaths (around forty per cent), when underlying causes of
      death were analysed. Age-specific death rates from pneumonia (underlying or
      contributory cause of death) showed little or no decline for ages five to sixty
      and over. Autopsy reports on 237 persons revealed high frequencies of
      bronchopneumonia, pulmonary congestion, pleurisy and aspiration pneumonia.
      Aspiration and its sequelae (aspiration pneumonia, lipid pneumonia) appears to be
      a major problem in this population, upon which prevention programmes could
      concentrate. Some risk factors associated with aspiration were also identified.

PMID- 1214288
TI  - Carbamylcholine and acetylcholine-sensitive, cation-selective ionophore as part
      of the purified acetylcholine receptor.
AB  - Black lipid membranes were formed with oxidized cholesterol in the presence of
      either the acetylcholine receptor, purified from the electric organ of the
      electric ray Torpedo californica or its tryptic digest. In both cases,
      conductance of cations increased and was dependent on the concentration of the
      receptor protein. Conductance of Ca++ was dependent on the concentration, but
      addition of carbamylcholine gave no reproducible of consistent effects. Only in
      the case of the tryptic digest of the acetylcholine receptor did carbamylcholine
      and acetylcholine consistently induce monovalent cation selective conductance
      (PNa,K: PCl=4.4). The induced monovalent cationic conductance due to
      carbamylcholine (10 muM) varied from 10- to over 100-fold. Curare (10muM)
      prevented the action of carbamylcholine. Na-dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis
      of the acetylcholine receptor, before and after tryptic digestion, indicated that
      this mild enzyme treatment hydrolyzed the receptor molecule subunits.
      Nevertheless, the receptor molecule retained its full binding of [acetyl(
      3)H]acetylcholine; and analytical gel electrophoresis indicated that it remained
      intact possibly through hydrogen, hydrophobic and disulfice bonding.

PMID- 1214289
TI  - Effect of ionic polarizability on electrodiffusion in lipid bilayer membranes.
AB  - Ion-carrier complexes and organic ions of similar size and shape have mobilities
      in lipid bilayer membranes which span several orders of magnitude. In this
      communication, an examination is made of the hypothesis that the basis for this
      unusually wide range of ionic mobilities is the potential energy barrier arising
      from image forces which selectively act on ions according to their
      polarizability. Using Poisson's equation to evaluate the electrostatic
      interaction between an ion and its surroundings, the potential energy barrier to
      ion transport due to image effects is computed, with the result that the
      potential energy barrier height depends strongly on ionic polarizability.
      Theoretical membrane potential energy profile calculations are used in
      conjunction with Nernst-Planck electrodiffusion equation to analyze the available
      mobility data for several ion-carrier complexes and lipid-soluble ions in lipid
      bilayer membranes. The variation among the mobilities of different ions is shown
      to be in agreement with theoretical predictions based on ionic polarizability and
      size. Furthermore, the important influence exerted by image forces on ion
      transport in lipid bilayer membranes compared to the frictional effect of
      membrane viscosity is established by contrasting available data on the activation
      energy of ionic conductivity with that for membrane fluidity.

PMID- 1214291
TI  - A profoundly mentally handicapped woman with a ring chromosome 22.
AB  - A small thirty-eight-year-old profoundly retarded woman is decribed who has a
      ring chromosome identified by banding techniques. Details are given of her
      behaviour, anthropometry, dermatoglyphics, karyotype and biochemistry with
      extensive investigations of her blood proteins and enzymes. Other described cases
      of ring 21 and 22 are reviewed. There is so much variability among the ring 22
      chromosomes that it is not considered justifiable to speak of a ring 22 syndrome.

PMID- 1214292
TI  - Dermatoglyphics in Prader-Willi syndrome.
AB  - The finger-, palm-and sole-prints of thirteen patients with Prader-Willi syndrome
      have been analysed. Some information has also been obtained from another case.
      The topological classification has been used for describing palms and soles.
      Frequencies of finger pattern types, data on finger ridge-count and maximal atd
      angles are included. Relevant published data has also been considered in making
      assessments. It is concluded from the evidence available that the dermatoglyphics
      of patients with the syndrome differ little, if at all, from those of the normal
      population. Pattern intensity on hands, and particularly feet, is low.
      Dermatoglyphics, therefore, are not a useful criterion in the diagnosis of the
      syndrome.

PMID- 1214293
TI  - Asymmetrical, reciprocal translocation (45,XX,tdic(9;17) (p21;p12).
AB  - A nine-month-old girl with dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease and
      chromosomal mosaicism is reported. Approximately one-half of the cells
      (lymphocytes and fibroblasts) showed a normal karyotype 46, XX, the other half a
      dicentric translocation chromosome. Using the G-band technique, the dicentric
      chromosome was identified as a 9/17 translocation chromosome. Both centromeres of
      the translocation chromosome could be stained to the same degree, using the C
      band technique. The centromere region of chromosome No. 9 was in addition
      demonstrated, by using the Giemsa 11 technique.

PMID- 1214294
TI  - A note on fucosidosis in a mentally subnormal female.

PMID- 1214295
TI  - Structure and function of free 40 S ribosome subunits: Characterization of
      initiation factors.

PMID- 1214296
TI  - The effect of calcium ions on the structure of reconstituted muscle thin
      filaments.

PMID- 1214297
TI  - Studies of hyaluronate solutions by nuclear magnetic relaxation measurements.
      Detection of covalently-defined, stiff segments within the flexible chains.

PMID- 1214298
TI  - On the conformation of cyclic iron-containing hexapeptides: the crystal and
      molecular structure of ferrichrysin.

PMID- 1214299
TI  - Calorimetric and spectroscopic investigation of the helix-to-coil transition of a
      ribo-oligonucleotide: rA7U7.

PMID- 1214300
TI  - Low-angle x-ray diagrams from skeletal muscle: the effect of AMP-PNP, a non
      hydrolyzed analogue of ATP.

PMID- 1214301
TI  - The low resolution structure analysis of an acid proteinase from Endothia
      parasitica.

PMID- 1214302
TI  - Nucleotide alterations in bacteriophage T4 serine transfer RNA that affect the
      conversion of precursor RNA into transfer RNA.

PMID- 1214303
TI  - Selective nicking of mammalian mitochondrial DNA in vivo: photosensitization by
      incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine.

PMID- 1214304
TI  - Mitochondrial protein synthesis in mouse L-cells: effect of selective nicking of
      mitochondrial DNA.

PMID- 1214305
TI  - Evidence for complete symmetrical transcription in vivo of mitochondrial DNA in
      HeLa cells.

PMID- 1214306
TI  - The evolution of fraction i protein during the origin of a new species of
      Nicotiana.
AB  - The polypeptide composition of Fraction I protein from Nicotiana digluta, a
      synthetic species which arose by chromosome doubling following the interspecific
      hybridization of N. glutinosa and N. tabacum, has been examined by isoelectric
      focusing. The composition of the protein from N. digluta, which was identical to
      the protein from the infertile F1 hybrid N. glutinosa x N. tabacum, showed 3
      polypeptides in the large subunit and 4 polypeptides in the small subunit. The
      large subunit polypeptides were identical to those from N. glutinosa, the
      maternal parent in the original hybridization, whereas the small subunit
      polypeptides were a composite of the small subunit polypeptides from both N.
      glutinosa and N. tabacum. This analysis demonstrates how the polypeptide
      composition of Fraction I protein evolves during the origin of new species of
      Nicotiana.

PMID- 1214307
TI  - Pattern of bladder cancer in the Sudan and its relation to schistosomiasis: a
      study of 255 vesical carcinomas.
AB  - Two hundred and fifty five vesical carcinomas in Sudanese patients are analysed
      as regards frequency, age, sex, local geographical distribution, morphological
      features and association with urinary schistosomiasis. The findings are compared
      with those from other series. It is concluded that the pattern of bladder cancer
      in the Sudan in general conforms to that reported from regions endemic for
      schistosomiasis and differs significantly from that seen in non-schistosomal
      regions. The limitations in the study are noted.

PMID- 1214308
TI  - Intestinal parasites in University of Dacca students.
AB  - Nine hundred and thirty three students of Dacca University were examined: mean
      haemoglobin levels were 80.5 per cent for men and 70.0 per cent for women. Five
      hundred and thirty three (57.3%) of the students had single or multiple
      intestinal parasitic infections, of which Ascaris lumbricoides (366), Entamoeba
      histolytica (113) and Trichuris trichiura (99) were the commonest. It is
      suggested that chronic nutritional deficiencies are compounded by these
      parasites, leading to low weights, and low haemoglobins.

PMID- 1214309
TI  - Duodenal ulcer in rural Haiti I. Clinical features. II. Gastric secretory
      studies.
AB  - I. In a study of 100 duodenal ulcer patients in rural Haiti, pyloric obstruction
      was present initially in nine per cent, but later developed in an additional 20
      per cent. This high incidence of obstruction is similar to that observed in other
      tropicla populations in Africa and India. II. Standardized tests for basal and
      stimulated acid secretion in a small group of duodenal ulcer patients in rural
      Haiti were not elevated. The implication of the study is that either the test
      must be modified for different populations or the role of acid secretion in the
      pathogenesis of the disease questioned.

PMID- 1214310
TI  - Echinococcosis in Egypt: IV. Serology on patients with chest problems.
AB  - Patients complaining of chest disorders were clinically and serologically
      examined for evidence of echinococcal infection. Serologically, the patients were
      screened by the indirect haemagglutination test and reactors were confirmed by
      the bentonite flocculation and/or latex-agglutination tests. Of 755 patients 6.2
      percent had echinococcal antibodies in their sera. Of 393 patients given a chest
      radiography one patient (0.25%) had distinct pulmonary hydatid cysts. The
      bentonite flocculation technique picked more of the positives (91.5%) than did
      the latex-agglutination (14.9%) technique. Females were more exposed to
      echinococcal infection (8.4%) than males (2.3%). Among positives, 71-75 per cent
      were below thirty years old. Prevalence of infection was higher among individuals
      having direct contact with dogs (4.6%) than among individuals with no direct
      contact with dogs (3.2%). Evidently cross-reactions between the echinococcal
      antigen and antibodies of some bacterial and parasitic infections including
      schistosomiasis interfere with the haemagglutination test results.

PMID- 1214312
TI  - Hydatid disease in bone and joint.

PMID- 1214311
TI  - Histiocytic medullary reticulosis (malignant histiocytosis) in Zambia.
AB  - Fifteen cases of histiocytic medulary reticulosis are reported from Zambia,
      Africa. The importance of liver biopsy in the diagnosis is stressed. Forty cases
      have now been described from East and Central Africa suggesting a much higher
      incidence than in other parts of the world. It is thought that this may be due to
      prolonged stimulation of the reticuloendothelisl system.

PMID- 1214313
TI  - [Reduction of hyperfibrinemia in the nephrotic syndrome using defibrase].

PMID- 1214314
TI  - [Optimal dosage of furosemide in patients treated with repeated dialysis].

PMID- 1214315
TI  - [Influence of various sodium loads on the intracortical distribution of renal
      blood flow. Microsphere study in rats].

PMID- 1214316
TI  - [Endotoxins and lupic nephropathies].

PMID- 1214317
TI  - [Proceedings: Dicarboxylic aminoaciduria: a new metabolic disease involving the
      transport of glutamic and aspartic acids].

PMID- 1214318
TI  - [Proceedings: Essential hypertension in children: hemodynamic data using a non
      invasive technic].

PMID- 1214319
TI  - [Proceedings: Effect of parathyroid hormone on the renal excretion of sodium and
      bicarbonate ions].

PMID- 1214320
TI  - [Proceedings: Effects of fatty acids on renal ammoniogenesis].

PMID- 1214321
TI  - [Proceedings: Mechanisms responsible for external renal cortical ischemia during
      hemorrhagic hypotension in dogs].

PMID- 1214322
TI  - Hepatic circulation in acute hemorrhage with reference to renal circulation.
AB  - Studies were made on the hemodynamics in the liver and kidney during hemorrhage
      and retransfusion, using 20 dogs with or without hepatic periarterial nerve
      plexus, anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. The results were as follows. In
      14 dogs in which the hepatic periarterial nerve plexus was left intact (Group A),
      the averages of the hepatic arterial flow (HAF), portal venous pressure (PVP),
      portal venous flow (PVF), and flow in the right renal artery (RAF) decreased
      significantly to 38, 64, 35, and 25%, respectively of the control levels when the
      abdominal aortic pressure (ABP) fell to 40 mm Hg (36% of the control level)
      during hemorrhage. At the same time the portal venous resistance (PVR) and the
      right renal vascular resistance (RVR) increased greatly and the hepatic arterial
      resistance  (HAR) either increased or decreased in different dogs. During
      retransfusion the ABP and vascular resistance returned to nearly the control
      levels, the PVF increased beyond the control level. In 6 dogs in which the nerve
      plexus was resected (Group B), the decreases in the HAF and RAF during hemorrhage
      were not significantly different from those in Group A. These results may suggest
      the following. The decrease in the HAF during hemorrhage seems to be mostly a
      passive change resulting from decrease in the systemic blood pressure. Neurogenic
      regulation may be a little. Further, the existence of the humoral regulation and
      autoregulation in the HAF were suggested in some cases. While, the
      responsibilities to hemorrhage and retransfusion appear to be different among the
      examined three vessels, i.e. the hepatic artery, portal vein, and renal artery.
      No definite interrelation was seen between the hepatic and renal circulations.

PMID- 1214323
TI  - Effect of pulmonary circulation on coronary flow and ventricular performance of
      isolated heart.
AB  - Left ventricular performance and coronary flow in isolated dog hearts were
      observed for to discuss whether lungs have any nonrespiratory function. The
      results of our experiments showed the fact that pulmonary circulation seemed to
      have some metabolic functions to prevent the increase in coronary flow and the
      decline in ventricular performance. And it was also suggested that isolated lungs
      removed a factor responsible for coronary vasodilation and the decline of
      ventricular performance. But it could not be fully negrected that the pulmonary
      circulation added a factor which prevents the increase in coronary flow.

PMID- 1214324
TI  - Cardiopulmonary dysfunctions caused by intravenous collagen-induced release of
      ADP and ATP from platelets.
AB  - Bovine tendon collagen suspension (4.5 mg/kg) was injected rapidly into the
      femoral vein of 14 normal (untreated) and 8 busulfan treated rats. Trasient
      effects included decreased platelet counts and arterial PO2, increased central
      venous pressure, apnea, bradycardia and variable A-V block. These findings were
      most prominent within 1 minute after injection and subsided or disappeared by 10
      minutes. During this period, ADP and ATP in platelet-free plasma from carotid
      arterial blood were measured in a liquid scientillation counter using the firefly
      luciferase assay. In normal (untreated) rats, collagen injection was followed by
      increases in plasma ADP and ATP, a rise in plasma hemoglobin and minimal changes
      of fibrinogen and hematcrit. Pathological observations indicated the platelet
      emboli in pulmonary vessels. In contrast, rats made thrombocytopenic by
      intraperitoneally infected busulfan prior to collagen injection had minimal or no
      change in platelet count, plasma ADP, ATP, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, or
      cardiopulmonary functions following collagen injection. These findings suggest
      that collagen injection causes release of ADP and ATP from platelets; released
      ADP induces platelets to form aggregates which lodge in the coronary and
      pulmonary microcirculations and elsewhere, resulting in thrombocytopenia and the
      cardiopulmonary dysfunction, in the presence of shear, of red cells with vessel
      surfaces altered by platelet aggregates.

PMID- 1214325
TI  - A case of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage from the entire left lung
      associated with complete heart block.
AB  - A 22-year-old female patient presenting complete atrioventricular block and giant
      P waves in electrocardiogram had anomalous pulmonary venous drainage from the
      entire left lung. There was normal drainage from the right lung and no associated
      atrial septal defect or other intracardiac abnormalities. After a permanent
      pacemaker was implanted, she manifested signs and symptoms of heart failure.
      Although the anomalous pulmonary vein was anastomosed to the left atrium,
      intractable heart failure continued. She died six months later after surgical
      intervention. Postmortem examination revealed diffuse interstitial fibrosis
      throughout the myocardium.

PMID- 1214326
TI  - Complications of valvular surgery--5 cases report with special reference to the
      conduction system--.
AB  - Five interesting autopsy cases of post-valvular replacement death are reported
      and discussed with special reference to disturbances of the conduction system.
      The most important acute changes are hemorrhages; the significance of a venous
      hemorrhage is emphasized. Chronic changes are collagenization of conduction
      system. One case of mycotic valvulitis, probably due to aspergillus, and one case
      of dissecting aneurysm probably related to previous valve replacement surgery are
      included.

PMID- 1214328
TI  - Characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of measles virus: temperature
      shift experiment.

PMID- 1214327
TI  - Serotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from clinical and environmental sources in
      Togo (West Africa).
AB  - Serological analysis of O and K antigens was performed on 343 strains of Vibro
      parahaemolyticus isolated from clinical and environmental sources in Togo. Only
      two strains were not typable by the available O antisera. K untypable strains
      were found in 4.8% of isolates from gastroenteritis patients, in 11% from healthy
      carriers, and in 47% and 46% of isolates, respectively, from water and fish
      samples. Thirteen serotypes identified in Togo are not considered in the Japanese
      antigenic scheme. The suitability of the Japanese typing scheme for geographic
      areas outside of Japan is discussed and its extension is suggested.

PMID- 1214329
TI  - [Surgical treament for pulmonary tuberculosis at the present stage of development
      of chemotherapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1214330
TI  - [The 50th Annual Meeting Symposium. II. Perspective review of 50 years
      experiences on clinical and epidemiological research. Part 2. Chemotherapy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1214331
TI  - [Epidemiology and clinical aspects of Klebsiella infections in premature
      infants].

PMID- 1214332
TI  - [Prenatal dystrophy: comparison of transitorial bilirubinemia in twins with a
      birth weight difference of more than 300 g].

PMID- 1214333
TI  - [Experiences with lymphography in pediatrics shown by lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1214334
TI  - [Phenylalanine tolerance and results of oral phenylalanine load in children with
      phenylketonuria in various ages].

PMID- 1214335
TI  - [Pulmonary edema caused by inhalation of panthenol spray].

PMID- 1214336
TI  - [Catamnestic studies on onset and course of bronchial asthma in childhood].

PMID- 1214338
TI  - [Pericholedochal lymphadenitis].

PMID- 1214337
TI  - [Hip joint lesion in hematogenic osteomyelitis in children].

PMID- 1214339
TI  - [Lethality after stomach resection for peptic ulcer].

PMID- 1214340
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of acute appendicitis and nonspecific mesoadenitis in children].

PMID- 1214341
TI  - [Variants of structure of the terminal segment of thoracic duct].

PMID- 1214342
TI  - [Surgical tactics in acute cholecystitis in middle-aged and old persons].

PMID- 1214343
TI  - [Functional rheography in early diagnosis of obliterating diseases of arteries of
      the lower limbs].

PMID- 1214344
TI  - [Remote results of surgical treatment of primary varicose veins of the lower
      limbs].

PMID- 1214345
TI  - [Diagnosis of rejection crisis of testicular allotransplant].

PMID- 1214346
TI  - [Electromyographical studies of motor function of the ureter in renal colic
      before and after extrapulmonary administration of nitrous oxide (clinico
      experimental studies)].

PMID- 1214347
TI  - [Role of tissue factors of blood coagulation in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic
      complications of kidney surgery].

PMID- 1214348
TI  - [Treatment of combined fractures of the pelvic bones and other segments of the
      skeleton].

PMID- 1214349
TI  - [Laparocentesis with the use of a "wandering" catheter in diagnosis of closed
      injuries of the abdominal organs].

PMID- 1214350
TI  - [Surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in children with the use of an
      antiseptic gelatin sponge for filling of residual bone cavities].

PMID- 1214351
TI  - [Lethality in severe mining injury complicated by shock].

PMID- 1214352
TI  - [Complications of local use of hydrocortisone].

PMID- 1214353
TI  - [Rupture of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta and its branches].

PMID- 1214354
TI  - [Pathogenesis of functional disorders after stomach resection in ulcer disease].

PMID- 1214355
TI  - [Clinical importance of determination of blood serotonin level during surgical
      treatment of cholecystitis].

PMID- 1214356
TI  - [Complications and early repeated interventions after surgery of stomach cancer].

PMID- 1214357
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1214358
TI  - [Use of polyglucin for normalization of certain indicators of hemodynamics during
      gastrectomy and cholecystectomy].

PMID- 1214359
TI  - [Extensive right-side hemihepatectomy in complicated cavernous hemangioma].

PMID- 1214360
TI  - [First aid and resuscitation in the hospital in traumatic ruptures of the femoral
      artery].

PMID- 1214361
TI  - [Iodine-starch method of examination of sweat secretion in elephantiasis of the
      limbs (Minor's test)].

PMID- 1214362
TI  - [Aneurysm of V. cephalica].

PMID- 1214363
TI  - [Malignant tumors formed against the background of ulcers, osteomyelitic fistulas
      and scars].

PMID- 1214364
TI  - [Multiple primary malignant tumors].

PMID- 1214365
TI  - [Remote results of various methods of hemorrhoid treatment by injections].

PMID- 1214366
TI  - [Complete circular retroperitoneal rupture of the duodenum].

PMID- 1214367
TI  - [Treatment of acute and chronic paraproctitis (according to materials of the
      clinic for 1958-1973)].

PMID- 1214368
TI  - [Peptic ulcer perforation].

PMID- 1214369
TI  - [Certain characteristics of protein and amino acid metabolism after surgical
      treatment of esophageal diseases].

PMID- 1214370
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the treatment of acute pancreatitis with enzyme
      inhibitors].

PMID- 1214371
TI  - [Adrenal cortex function in patients with obliterating arteriosclerosis of the
      aorta and the main arteries of the limbs].

PMID- 1214373
TI  - [Anaerobic paraproctitis].

PMID- 1214372
TI  - [Aberrant goiter].

PMID- 1214374
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acute anorectal thrombophlebitis].

PMID- 1214375
TI  - [Function of artificial esophagus, made from the right half of the large
      intestine, at remote periods after surgery].

PMID- 1214376
TI  - [Evaluation of surgical tolerance in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension].

PMID- 1214377
TI  - [Use of distraction apparatus in the treatment of post-burn deformities of the
      lower limbe].

PMID- 1214378
TI  - [Surgical treatment of profuse peptic ulcer hemorrhages].

PMID- 1214379
TI  - [Use of pervomur in pediatric surgical clinic].

PMID- 1214380
TI  - [Laparocentesis in diagnosis of intra-abdominal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1214381
TI  - [Complications of punctures and catheterization of the subclavian vein].

PMID- 1214382
TI  - [Immediate complications of surgical treatment of goiter].

PMID- 1214383
TI  - [Stomach ulcer hemorrhage associated with perforation of another ulcer].

PMID- 1214385
TI  - [Congenital fistulas and cysts of the neck].

PMID- 1214384
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of cicatricial stenosis of esophageal anastomosis].

PMID- 1214386
TI  - [Clinico-genealogical analysis of malignized xeroderma pigmentosum of the face].

PMID- 1214387
TI  - [Primary-multiple malignant tumors].

PMID- 1214388
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in a patient with suppurative pancreatitis].

PMID- 1214389
TI  - [Association of severe forms of diabetes mellitus and surgically treated
      thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1214390
TI  - [Surgical tweezers].

PMID- 1214391
TI  - [Simplified anesthesia according to the Lukashevich-Oberst method].

PMID- 1214392
TI  - [Acupuncture anesthesia in China].

PMID- 1214394
TI  - [The advance and regression of the cataract operation].
AB  - In modern cataract surgery the introduction of akinesia, the corneal incision,
      the intracapsular extraction with forceps or cryo-stick, the zonulolysis and
      measures against complications and the optic correction of unilateral cataract
      with contact lenses can be seen as definite advances. Critically seen, the use of
      the operating microscope for senile cataract is not necessary, as the binocular
      loupe is fully sufficient. In the same way the selective use of zonulolysis - but
      not after the age of 55 - and of the cryo-stick - only on a stretched lans
      capsule is advised. Also the artificial pupillary lens is not recommended because
      of the excellent functional results of the contact lens. The same argument
      applies to emulsification of the crystalline lens. Also, from our experience, the
      routine use of antibiotics is not necessary. As well as the actual operation
      methods, including premedication, the methods used to avoid complications are
      finally and thoroughly discussed.

PMID- 1214393
TI  - [Characteristics of the course and surgical tactics in peptic ulcer hemorrhages
      developed against the background of other diseases].

PMID- 1214395
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment in dislocated lenses. II. Intracapsular lens
      extraction in adults (author's transl)].
AB  - 40 subluxated and dislocated lenses were extracted intracapsularly between 1970
      and 1974. In 6 cases there was a displacement into the vitreous; in 4 an acute
      secondary angle-closure glaucoma was present (3 times due to dislocation of the
      lens into the anterior chamber). Surgical extraction with a corneal incision was
      undertaken under general anaesthesia after attachment of a flieringa ring to the
      globe. In 16 eyes a transpupillary vitrectomy was necessary. The morphological
      and functional results were satisfactory: decrease in visual acuity due to
      surgical intervention did not occur, and in 32 eyes vision was considerably
      improved.

PMID- 1214396
TI  - [Results of A-scan ultrasonic scanning of the orbit (author's transl)].
AB  - 119 patients who were believed to suffer from orbital tumors were investigated by
      A-scan ultrasonic studies. 67 turned out to have significant signs of an orbital
      tumor, 52 were found to be unsuspicious. In all of the 32 surgical procedures,
      which were additionally performed, the ultrasonic diagnosis could always be
      verified. Moreover 13 ultrasonic studies led to certain pathological
      specifications of the tumor and 10 of them could be proved true by histology
      later on. This paper discuss the advantage of the A-scan ultrasound
      investigations of the orbit. The efficiency concerning an ultrasonic
      specification of the tumorous tissue is to be emphasized.

PMID- 1214397
TI  - [Initialphase of dark adaptation, sensibility to dazzling and diabetic
      retinopathy (author's transl)].
AB  - In the early stages of development the diabetic retinopathy often causes
      disturbances of initial-phase of the dark adaptation even if other functional
      defects are not evident. In a group of eyes with normal vision of 153 diabetics
      (296 eyes), only 55% of the cases reached results, which correspond to the norm
      of nyktometry.

PMID- 1214398
TI  - [Lid basaliomas with malignant courses (author's transl)].
AB  - 3 cases of lid basalioma with malignant course are described - in the first case
      with destruction of the eye-lids, in the second destruction of the orbit and
      nearby sinuses, and in the third with infiltration of the brain. Hence the
      necessity of early active treatment is shown. The diagnosis of the tumor and the
      degree of infiltration into healthy tissue must be made histologically - this is
      as important as the life-long follow-up of tumor patients.

PMID- 1214399
TI  - [Classification of nonparetic vertical strabismus related to vertical rectus
      surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Results following vertical rectus muscle recession and classification of vertical
      strabismus due to the field of action of the vertical recti. 100 cases of
      vertical squint underwent surgery of the vertical recti (recession of the
      superior rectus muscle in 92 cases). One third achieved binocular functions
      partly based upon microtropia. It may be of special interest that 5 of 19
      patients with "dissociated" alternating deviations could be cured by bilateral
      recession of the superior rectus. The authors try to give their own modification
      of the difficult classification of the different clinical types of vertical
      squint, since the results following the treatment of the various types were quite
      different.

PMID- 1214400
TI  - [Contribution to surgical treatment of congenital nystagmus with ocular
      torticollis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1214401
TI  - [Balloon cell nevi of the conjunctiva (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical and histological features of three cases of conjunctival balloon
      cell nevi are described. This peculiar form of nevus is very rare in the
      conjunctiva. The findings are compared with the descriptions in the literature of
      dermal balloon cell nevi. They demonstrate, that the conjunctival and dermal
      tumours are of idential histological structure. The proliferations of the
      conjunctival epithelium often found in conjunctival nevi do not modify the
      balloon cell nevi. These can not be diagnosed clinically. The problems of the
      pathogenesis of the balloon cell nevi are discussed.

PMID- 1214402
TI  - [Electromyographic examinations in exo-deviations (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of EMG-examinations in various forms of exo-deviation as classified
      by Burian, the authors conclude, that these show also various innervation
      disturbances, and that also histological differences can be proved. The practical
      sense of these observations would be in narrowing the indications for exotropia
      operations.

PMID- 1214403
TI  - [The status of vitrectomy at present (author's transl)].
AB  - Besides vitreous suction, vitrectomy gains an increasing method in vitreous
      surgery. Regarding the access to the vitreous cavity, the open sky vitrectomy and
      the vitrectomy via pars plana have been introduced. The principles of the various
      instruments for simultaneous cutting and suction of the vitreous body are
      discussed. From the published results some conclusions can be made concerning the
      actual indications of vitrectomy. Finally the prospects and limitations of the
      operation are ventilated as far as it can be done in the present state of
      development.

PMID- 1214404
TI  - [Lidswelling in a case of Melkersson-Rosenthal-syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on a case with extreme swelling of the upper- and lowerlids, which
      recurred repeatedly for thirteen years, with unsettled etiology and which did not
      respond to every conservative therapy. Surgical excision and biopsy showed
      histological changes similar Melkersson-Rosenthal-syndrome. But it must have been
      an abortive form, as other symptoms, were missing.

PMID- 1214405
TI  - [Postchoroidal retinoschisis].
AB  - In the past literature only 8 cases of postchoroidal retinoschisis have been
      described. Their characteristic finding is a cystic protrusion of the inner
      retinal layers within an area of post-choroiditic scarring. The lesion is
      unilateral, and usually located in the temporal or upper fundus periphery; no
      retinal defects are present, the vitreous is intact, and there is no tendency
      toward progression. The etiology appears to be different according to age: in
      patients under age 40, alterations of the glia may contribute to the cyst
      formation, in older patients, however, the combined damage of the choroidal and
      retinal vascular bed seem to lead to a retinoschisis.

PMID- 1214406
TI  - [A simplified procedure in the treatment of the hypotony-syndrome (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A report on a hypotony-syndrome which developed after cyclodialysis in an aphakic
      eye. Closure of the split was performed with intra-scleral diathermy-coagulation
      and episcleral buckling using lyophilisated dura mater material.

PMID- 1214407
TI  - [Mesopic vision with spectacles and contact lenses (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative study of the mesopic vision of spectacle and contact lense wearers
      is given. The 182 subjects were divided into three groups according to their
      photopic V.A. with spectacles. The V.A.s achieved with spectacles and the V.A.s
      with contact lenses are compared. In the mesopic vision range the subjects'
      responses to the various tests differed between the individual groups. These
      differences are discussed with the aid of graphical diagrams.

PMID- 1214408
TI  - [Indication for stenopaeic spectacles (author's transl].

PMID- 1214409
TI  - [A new microscopic rig (author's transl)].
AB  - A new microscope rig is proposed. It allows the microsurgeon a considerable
      freedom of movement and effortless change of positions whereby the focus of the
      microscope on the operating field is constantly maintained.

PMID- 1214410
TI  - [A new type of eye speculum (author's transl)].
AB  - A new type of eye speculum is described. It has the following advantages: it does
      not hamper the surgeon in his work, it has no projecting parts on which sutures
      may get caught, and it enables spreading of the eyelids to be controlled.

PMID- 1214411
TI  - [The new polaroid positive/negative film type 105 for ophthalmology (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Description of the new Polaroid positive/negative film type 105. This film
      produces within 30 seconds a brilliant positive and a negative for high quality
      prints. The new camera-back 405 for the use of 8.5 x 10.5 cm Polaroid packfilms
      fits to any 4 x 5 inch cameras with international back.

PMID- 1214412
TI  - [A computer sheet for objective follow-up in diabetic retinopathy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1214413
TI  - [Macular pucker after retinal detachment surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given on 6 cases of macular pucker after retinal detachment surgery.
      Two of these 6 patients were found only by a check up of 145 detachment patients
      one year after surgery. In accordance with the literature presumbly causative
      factors were present in 5 of the cases: vitreous hemorrhage (4), reoperations (3)
      vitreous loss (1). A 6Th case with very unusual centrally located retinal breaks
      was operated on with a silicone explant and was seen with a macular pucker 6
      months later.

PMID- 1214414
TI  - [A communication on the treatment of the hypotony syndrome after trabeculotomy
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report on 3 cases of the hypotony syndrome following trabeculotomy in
      young patients. 2 of these patients had glaucoma chronicum, the third had a
      clinical picture resembling pigment glaucoma. All 3 patients had before the
      operation a wide anterior chamber angle. Thy hypotony syndrome was treated
      conservately with atropine in the first two cases. Under this treatment a
      temporary increase in intraocular pressure was noted, by which the hypotony
      syndrome disappeared. In this state gonioscopy showed a cyclodialysis gap. In the
      third patient the cyclodialysis gap and an obvious leakage cushion occurred
      together with the hypotony syndrom. Because of this finding an operation against
      the hypotony syndrom was performed, by which however, the intraocular pressure
      could not be sufficiently increased and the hypotony syndrome up till now could
      not be removed.

PMID- 1214415
TI  - [Histological examination on disks obtained by goniotrephining with scleral flap
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Histological examination with serial sections of 26 disks obtained by
      goniotrephining with scleral flap showed in three cases only lamellas and
      Descemet's membrane. Twenty-three disks contained trabecular meshwork, fourteen
      of these Schlemm's canal. In three disks excision reaches as far as the ciliary
      muscle. In three of the twenty-six eyes the intra-ocular pressure was not
      regulated after the operation. It seems that in goniotrephining with scleral flap
      the opening of Schlemm's canal has no important influence on the postoperative
      regulation of the final intra-ocular pressure.

PMID- 1214416
TI  - [Biotoxic effects of aqueous humour-a unifying pathogenetic theory, based on
      certain hypothetic biotoxic factors in aqueus (author's transl)].
AB  - A hypothesis is proposed attributing a number of biotoxic effects to aqueous
      humor (ABC equals Aqueous Biotoxic Complex). Under normal anatomical and
      physiological conditions aqueous humour is contained in the anterior and
      posterior chamber reservoir and the ABC effects remain silent because the
      boundaries of the aqueous humour reservoir are resistant to these biotoxic
      factors. These factors are biochemically undefined but fall in the category of
      collagenolysins and anti-vascular enzymes (Prostaglandins?). Outside the normal
      reservoir these biotoxic effects result in a specific pathology such as corneal
      edema, subconjunctival edema, lens fiber edema, macular edema, papilledema and
      chorioidal edema.

PMID- 1214417
TI  - [Legal questions in ophthalmology after head injuries (author's transl)].
AB  - After a short review of the literature the reduction of earning capacity on the
      common labour market in cases of decrease of fusion, convergence and
      accommodation caused by head injuries is discussed and percentual values are
      proposed. Hereby not only the single reduction of one of these functions but also
      combined occurrence is allowed for and values for the total reduction of earning
      capacity are considered.

PMID- 1214418
TI  - [Anterior-cleavage-syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report on local and general changes in dysgenesis mesodermalis iridis
      et corneae Rieger on the basis of own observations and literature survey. This
      genetically caused inhibitory deformation is outlined with regard to the
      differential diagnosis of other anomalies in the angle part of iris. The
      conservative and surgical therapeutic experiences of other authors are contrasted
      with our own.

PMID- 1214419
TI  - [On malignant melanoma of the cornea and its treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given of an amelanotic malignant malanoma of the cornea without
      previous changes in the cornea and without any connection with the limbus.
      Treatment was by simple removal after cauterisation of the nutrient vessels
      coming from the conjunctiva. Histologically, alongside naevoid cell structures
      were seen epithelioid to anaplastic cells a striking wealth of plasma cells,
      which were in places so numerous as the melanoma cells and diffusely or like
      streets infiltrated them.

PMID- 1214420
TI  - [Examination of stereoscopic vision with the phase-difference haloscope (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The authors report on the possibilities for examination of the stereoscopic
      vision at 2 or 4 meters by the phase-difference-haploscope. Besides a gross
      qualitative test, methods of estmating realdepth acuity are described. There is a
      great variability of test-conditions for special scientific problems. During the
      routine examintion of disturbed binocular vision it is possible to test the
      stereo acuity, even if there is squint or aniseiconia.

PMID- 1214421
TI  - [Clinical experiences with radionuclide dacryocystography (author's transl)].
AB  - In 105 patients, the clinical experience with radionuclide dacryocystography is
      reported, a scintiphotographic demonstration of the efferent lacrimal ducts.
      After application of 50 muCi of 99m Tc pertechnetate in 10 mul of normal saline
      into the conjunctival sac, the flow of the radionuclide through the efferent tear
      ducts is observed. This method is a valuable complement for the diagnosis and
      localization of dacryostenoses. A differentiation between a relative and an
      absolute stenosis is not possible with this investigational method alone. The
      kinetic of the tear flow can be investigated by means of so-called time-activity
      curves. Our studies show that the flow dynamics depend on the volume of the
      amount of fluid applied. We believe that statements on the flow dynamics under
      physiological conditions cannot be made as is indicated by other authors with a
      volume of 10 microliters. Under application of 50 muCi of pertechnetate, the
      exposure of radionuclide dacryocystography amounts to 15-25 mR for the lens and
      is far below the exposure by scull radiography.

PMID- 1214422
TI  - [The effect of Actihaemyl on epithelial regeneration (author's transl)].
AB  - After well-defined chemical and mechanical removal of the corneal epithelium of
      40 rabbit eyes 20 eyes were treated with Actihaemyl-Augengel 4 times daily. The
      epithelial regeneration was compared with the untreated contralateral eye. Under
      Actihaemyl treatment the healing rate was not accelerated. The well-known healing
      effect of Actihaemyl on different corneal diseases does not seem to come from
      improving the epithelial regeneration but is probably the result of a general
      improvement of corneal metabolism.

PMID- 1214423
TI  - [Clinical use of ultrasonic distance measurements for close-to-wall foreign
      bodies in the eye (author's transl)].
AB  - The X-ray localization of intraocular foreign bodies is based on an average-sized
      schematic eye. Whether or not a foreign body only reached or penetrated the rear
      wall of the bulbus often cannot be decided safely - even if X-ray checks included
      other than straight forward gaze directions. By means of ultrasound it is
      possible. 1. to measure exactly the real dimensions of the patients eye and to
      alter the X-ray localization scheme (W. Comberg's scheme) correspondingly. This
      improves the accuracy of the X-ray localization technique. 2. To localize the
      foreign body directly and exactly by presentation of its echo. Simultaneous
      presentation of the bulbus rear wall echo permits determination of the foreign
      body position. - A case record is given.

PMID- 1214424
TI  - [Chiasma lesions in sport accidents (author's transl)].
AB  - With reference to a chiasma contusion, proved at autopsy, sustained by a football
      player after a temporal impression fracture due to contact of a knee with his
      skull, the pathological mechanism causing chiasma injuries in blunt head injuries
      is explained. Finally, from our own experience we report on 2 water-sports
      accidents sustained by young men (a jump from the trampoline, and a fall during
      water-skiing) where chiasma-lesions were diagnosed from typical field defects.

PMID- 1214425
TI  - [Changes of the fundus by pheochromocytoma during pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - A patient with pheochromocytoma of the adrenal gland which produced a severe
      pfropfgestosis is described. The course of disease over more than 1 1/2 years
      after successful operation is shown by a detailed photographic documentation. The
      case is discussed in relation with the literatur of ocular changes by
      pheochromocytoma and by gestosis as well as the clinical findings in the
      combination of pheochromocytoma and gestosis and a short description of the
      clinical signs of pheochromocytoma.

PMID- 1214426
TI  - [Mycotic obstruction of lacrimal sac (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given of a case with a mycotic process of the lacrimal sac, the
      course of which covers a period of 20 years until final cure. Symptoms, diagnosis
      and therapy are discussed.

PMID- 1214427
TI  - [Converging squint in severe hypermetropia (author's transl)].
AB  - The valuation of 541 cases of convergent squint occuring together with a
      hypermetropia of more than +5 dpt showed that, the stronger the hypermetropia
      was, the higher was the proportion of primary microstrabismus to full
      accommodative strabismus convergens. In patients who had hypermetropia of more
      than +8 D, the proportion of primary microstrabismus was 46%. Here the squint was
      always one-sided, so a high proportion of amblyopia could be expected. In 10% of
      the cases there was a spontaneous change from convergent to divergent squint -
      the angle reduction was up to 23 degrees, and could occur at any age. Factors,
      which seem to favour the appearence of a consecutive divergence, are: high
      hypermetropia of more than +8 D, increased ACA-ratio, onesided exclusion and
      vertical divergence. The measuring of the ACA ratio should be done at all
      orthoptic examinations.

PMID- 1214428
TI  - [Experiences with the automatic refractor "Dioptron" (author's transl)].
AB  - The consistency of values obtained by the automatic refractor "Dioptron" was
      evaluated by testing one subject repeatedly. The consistency was found so be
      significantly better than that given by subjective refraction. In about 20% of
      140 eyes visual acuity found by the "Dioptron" - refraction was lower than that
      found by subjective refraction. Thus the results of the "Dioptron" should be
      controlled by a subjective refraction. The apparatus was also used in 15 children
      5 to 12 years of age without problems.

PMID- 1214430
TI  - [Cure of scleromalacia perforans manifesting in the course of rheumatoid
      arthritis with d-penicillamine and fascia lata-autograft (author's transl)].
AB  - A new treatment of a case of scleromalacia perforans, complicating rheumatoid
      arthritis is reported. To save the eye fascia lata was transplanted,
      preoperatively prednisolone and d-penicillamine was started, and this therapy was
      continued for one year thereafter. The effect was favorable, as pains vanished,
      and the grafted fascia remained whole. Cure of scleritis of the other eye
      hitherto unresponsive to local treatment was attained. Advantages of the
      combination of both immunosuppressive and surgical therapy is emphasized.

PMID- 1214429
TI  - [Ocular symptoms in Rubinstein-Taybi-syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - Report of 2 cases of Rubinstein-Taybi-syndrome. Description of the well known
      symptoms: Mental and somatic retardation, broad thumbs and toes, highly arched
      palate, retarded bone age, fine hair on limbs. Besides that there were eye
      abnormalities: Antimongoloid slant, strabismus, ametropia, monolateral ptosis,
      papillatrophia, latent nystagmus. Discussion of the differential diagnosis.

PMID- 1214431
TI  - [The acute phase of leber's optic nerve atrophy (author's transl)].
AB  - Optic atrophy and typical visual field defect were found in two brothers some
      months following a rapid decrease in visual acuity. The optic disc was hyperemic
      and edematous, furthermore microangiopathy, hemorrhages, and papilloedema were
      present in the ocular fundus of the third brother some days after an acute loss
      of central vision. In the present study the pathogenic and differential
      diagnostic significance of the acute phase of Leber's optic neuropathy is
      discussed. Considering the fundus changes in the acute phase and the course of
      the disease, the authors tend to reject the idea of a hereditary systemic disease
      of the nervous system. The hereditary factors should be searched neither in the
      nerve tissue nor in the ectodermal system.

PMID- 1214432
TI  - [Aicardi-syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - The main features of Aicardi's syndrome are infantile spasms, defects of the
      corpus callosum, chorioretinopathy, mental subnormality, characteristic EEG
      changes, vertebral anomalies, microphthalmos and colobomata. The disease affects
      only the female sex. 2 cases are described from our own experience.

PMID- 1214433
TI  - [Innovations by ophthalmo-surgical instruments (author's transl)].
AB  - A demonstration is given of a cornea and sclera forceps for macro- and
      microsurgery, a sharp spatula for cyclodialysis, a modified blunt cone-shaped
      Bowman's probe, and a combined speculum forceps for perforating injuries.

PMID- 1214434
TI  - [Delayed retinal changes following depolymerization of vitreous body by
      hyaluronidase].

PMID- 1214435
TI  - [Biochemical concepts of regeneration of vitreous body following experimental
      depolymerization of hyaluronic acid].

PMID- 1214436
TI  - [Effect of structural changes of vitreous body on the metabolism and
      morphokinesis of eye structures].

PMID- 1214437
TI  - [Pathological changes in the ciliary body and iris in the course of experimental
      depolymerization of the vitreous body in rabbits].

PMID- 1214438
TI  - [Displacement of retinal vessels].

PMID- 1214440
TI  - [Model studies of retinal abiotrophy].

PMID- 1214439
TI  - [Etiology of diffuse retinal vasculitis].

PMID- 1214441
TI  - [Histochemical studies of the vasomotor innervation of the central retinal
      artery].

PMID- 1214442
TI  - [Acetylcholine content and acetylcholinesterase activity of the retina in white
      rats with experimental hyperlipemia].

PMID- 1214443
TI  - [Spontaneous reattachment of a detached retina in Marfan's syndrome].

PMID- 1214444
TI  - [Treatment of retinal detachment with a suspected intrabulbar tumor].

PMID- 1214445
TI  - [Decompression retinopathy].

PMID- 1214446
TI  - [7 years of electrophysiological diagnosis in Wroclaw].

PMID- 1214447
TI  - [Photopic response in the ERG recording following surgical reattachment of the
      retina].

PMID- 1214448
TI  - [Effect of mechanical vibrations on human retina].

PMID- 1214450
TI  - [Irene retinograph. Multipurpose AC amplifier and recorder of biological
      potentials].

PMID- 1214449
TI  - [Visual system in persons having chronic personal contact with CS-2 with special
      reference to the ERG examination].

PMID- 1214451
TI  - [Experimental studies on proteolysis of hyaline membranes in vitro (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The incubation of lung tissue from premature infants with pulmonary hyaline
      membranes in fibrinolysis activating or fibrinolytically active solutions gave
      the following results. With streptokinase it was not possible to dissolve hyaline
      membranes (verification of the physiological lack of plasminogen in premature
      infants). The mean content of membranes after 24 hours showed to be 18.14 +/-
      12.43% which almost corresponded to the control value of 20.24 +/- 10.54% after
      incubation in NaCl-solution. In comparison, solutions of plasmin, plasmin
      activator or activator prepared from proactivator-plasminogen through activation
      with streptokinase led to a clear reduction in the membrane content, i.e. 11.00
      +/- 6.50, 13.89 +/- 9.72, and 13.63 +/- 8.94%, respectively. A decrease in
      membranes equally strong to that after plasmin appeared after incubation for only
      12 hours in trypsin (11.09 +/- 8.62%). Plasmin, plasmin-activator, and activator,
      but not streptokinase alone, caused also a considerable nonspecific proteolysis
      of the lung parenchyma which was equal to the trypsin effect, for example, with
      an only half as long incubation time. Since the lungs of premature infants
      contain the tissue activator of fibrinolysis we discuss the suggestion of Ambrus
      et al. (1974) to administer an injection of plasminogen to premature infants
      immediately after birth so that a spontaneous fibrinolysis can be favoured for
      developing hyaline membranes.

PMID- 1214452
TI  - Prostaglandins in cerebrospinal fluid of patients during various infectious
      diseases.
AB  - Concentrations of prostaglandins of the E and F series were estimated by
      radioimmunoassay in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 30 febrile patients (infants and
      adults) and of 19 afebrile, adult patients. In CSF of all feverish patients with
      meningitis, pneumonia, or pyelonephritis, concentrations of prostaglandins of the
      E series were about twice higher than those of the afebrile subjects. In
      contrast, concentrations of prostaglandins of the F series remained largely
      unchanged during fever. In accord with the results of animal experiments
      prostaglandins of the E series seem to act as mediators of fever during
      infectious diseases also in man.

PMID- 1214454
TI  - [Functional state of the liver and the biliary tract in ulcer disease].

PMID- 1214453
TI  - Increased serum urate in galactosemia patients after a galactose load: a possible
      role of nucleotide deficiency in galactosemic liver injury.
AB  - Five galactosemic and 5 normal children received an oral load of galactose under
      standardized conditions. The maximal blood galactose level after 1.5 hours was
      12.6 +/- 2.0 (S.D.) mmol/l in individuals with a deficiency of uridylyl
      transferase (EC2.7.7.12) as compared to 5.8 +/- 1.2 (S.D.) mmol/l in the
      controls. The concentration of serum urate in galactosemics increased to 155% of
      the fasting level (P less than 0.005); no rise was detectable in the controls.
      The elimination of urate with the urine was augmented by the same amount in both
      groups. Our studies provide evidence for an increased catabolism of hepatic
      nucleotides. This may lead to a deficiency of nucleotides which is proposed as a
      cause of galactosemic liver injury.

PMID- 1214455
TI  - [Enzymatic activity of blood and urine in pathological state of the pancreas and
      biliary tract].

PMID- 1214456
TI  - [Use of jet injectors in medical practice].

PMID- 1214457
TI  - [Heart rupture caused by metastases of lung cancer].

PMID- 1214458
TI  - [Polypoid cancer of the hepatic duct simulating Botkin's disease].

PMID- 1214459
TI  - [Rare case of association of Rendu-Osler disease with lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1214460
TI  - [Polycystic lung].

PMID- 1214461
TI  - [Case of hemochromatosis].

PMID- 1214462
TI  - [Chronic adrenal insufficiency after long-term corticosteroid therapy of
      psoriatic polyarthritis].

PMID- 1214463
TI  - [Lipogranulomatosis of the skin].

PMID- 1214464
TI  - [Case of malignant erythema multiforme].

PMID- 1214465
TI  - [Exudative manifestation of mycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum].

PMID- 1214467
TI  - [Psychological aspects of cancer].

PMID- 1214468
TI  - [Are gastroscopy and aimed gastrobiopsy expedient in the study of drug-induced
      stomach diseases?].

PMID- 1214466
TI  - [Basalioma (diagnosis, nosological place and treatment)].

PMID- 1214469
TI  - [Basic trends of malignant tumor control in USSR].

PMID- 1214470
TI  - [Certain problems of cytological study in diagnosis of lung cancer].

PMID- 1214471
TI  - [Bronchoscopy and scanning in chronic suppurative and neoplastic diseases of the
      respiratory organs].

PMID- 1214473
TI  - [Hemorrhage in cancer of the pancreas].

PMID- 1214472
TI  - [Skin changes in visceral cancer].

PMID- 1214474
TI  - [Vascular tumor of the spleen].

PMID- 1214475
TI  - [Modern classification and diagnosis of diseases of the respiratory organs].

PMID- 1214477
TI  - [Dyskinesia of the trachea and the main bronchi].

PMID- 1214476
TI  - [Clinico-pathophysiological variants and certain indicators of respiratory
      insufficiency in chronic obstructive lung diseases].

PMID- 1214478
TI  - [Role of heredity and certain enzymological aspects in the clinical course of
      ulcer disease].

PMID- 1214479
TI  - [Vascular-tissue permeability in the gastric mucosa in patients with exacerbation
      of ulcer disease].

PMID- 1214480
TI  - [Motor-evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract before and after
      reconstructive surgery].

PMID- 1214481
TI  - [Secretory-motor function and the state of duodenal mucosa in duodenal ulcer and
      duodenitis].

PMID- 1214482
TI  - [Functional-morphological relationship between the stomach and duodenum in
      pathological state].

PMID- 1214483
TI  - [Oxygen metabolism in the body during substitution of nitrogen by helium in the
      air].
AB  - The total gas exchange, body temperature, content of free oxygen in the
      quadriceps muscle and its changes upon oxygen inhalation of a known dosage
      (oxygen test) were measured in the Wistar rats during their one-hour exposure to
      a helium-oxygen atmosphere (21%) at 25 degrees C. In this atmosphere the animals
      displayed a 1.8 degrees decline in the body temperature, a 20.5% increase in the
      gas exchange and a 26% decrease of oxygen in the muscular tissue as compared with
      the respective parameters in the air. After the experiment during the first 20
      min exposure to the normal atmosphere oxygen tests were 10-15% lower than before
      the experiment. These findings give evidence for an increase of oxygen exchange
      in the muscles of animals exposed to the helium-oxygen atmosphere at a
      temperature below the comfortable level.

PMID- 1214484
TI  - [Dynamics of biochemical indices of dog blood serum at high altitudes and on
      return to low altitude].
AB  - The transfer of male dogs from lowlands to an altitude of 3370 m was accompanied
      by hypoproteinemia and reduction of albumins and beta-globulins, stable increase
      of activity of alanine aminotransferase, decrease of activity of alkaline
      phosphatase and content of phosphate. This can be interpreted as a manifestation
      of adaptive changes of metabolic processes to altitude hypoxia. The return of
      dogs to lowlands was accompanied by the normalization of the changes during the
      first 20 days.

PMID- 1214485
TI  - [Effect of a constant magnetic field on the antidiuretic activity of blood plasma
      and hypothalamic extracts].
AB  - During an exposure of animals to a constant magnetic field of 1000 and 4500
      ersted changes in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal system were noted. The changes
      were dependent on the field intensity and the length of the exposure.

PMID- 1214487
TI  - [Method of mathematical description of the dynamics of cell population density].
AB  - The paper presents a method of building a mathematical model of the time dynamics
      of the cell population density and mitotic index which allows the prediction of
      the population growth as related to the cultivation conditions. The process of
      mammalian cell division has been shown to delay noticeably with a decrease of the
      cultivation temperature from 36 to 30 degrees C and an increase of the initial
      population density. The curve of the population density has a typical sigmoidal
      pattern.

PMID- 1214486
TI  - [Radiobiological characteristics of chilled seedlings as an object for inflight
      experiments].
AB  - It is recommended to use for experimentation cooled plant seedlings in the stage
      of delayed growth. Cooled seedlings have a high sensitivity to the environmental
      effects and can be used in long-term (up to 1-2 months) experiments. The
      influence of suboptimal temperatures on the radiosensitivity of seedlings, the
      development of radiation injury and maintenance of the radiobiological effect is
      described.

PMID- 1214488
TI  - [Reorganization of human temperature periodicity following life rhythm inversion
      in isolation].
AB  - The diurnal dynamics of body temperature of four male test subjects was studied
      before and after inversion of their sleep-wakefulness cycle in the anechoic
      chamber. One test subject showed rearrangement of the temperature rhythm in
      accordance with the new cycle which was completed by the 11th day of confined
      life. The other test subjects displayed only a partial adaptation of body
      temperature to the new sleep-wakefulness cycle during the 34 experiment.

PMID- 1214490
TI  - [Relation of the autonomic components of the orientation reaction in pilots to
      the nature of incoming information].
AB  - The influence of the pattern of the information (certainty and significance)
      which reaches the pilot on the physiological parameters of his orientation
      reaction (skin-galvanic reflex, heart rate, electromyography) was examined. Two
      experimental series -- on the simulation stand and in real flight -- were carried
      out. The obtained data show that the pattern of the orientation reaction is
      related to the information certainty and significance. The responses of
      physiological parameters to significant elements of the situation are shown to be
      phasic.

PMID- 1214489
TI  - [Tolerance of +Gz accelerations in chronic compensated cardiac muscle disease].
AB  - The functional potentialities of the cardiovascular system were investigated
      during an exposure of people with compensated chronic diseases of the cardiac
      muscle to acceleration (+Gz). The test subjects were exposed to acceleration of 3
      and 5 g for 30 sec with an interval of 5 min. The parameters of hemodynamics, ECG
      and visual perception were recorded. The systolic blood volume, cardiac output
      and specific peripheral resistance were derived from the Bremser-Ranke formula.
      Seventy one subjects with heart diseases and 23 healthy subjects were examined.
      The subjects with myocardiodystrophy and myocarditic cardiosclerosis (12+/-16)
      showed a reduced tolerance to accelerations. During an exposure the subjects with
      atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis showed a higher pressure in vessels of ear conch
      than the healthy subjects. The myocardiodystrophic subjects frequently (20%)
      exhibited an inversion of electrocardiographic T2. The subjects with heart
      diseases (27-33%) showed extrasystolic disturbances. The results may be used in
      medical expertise of pilots.

PMID- 1214491
TI  - [Effect of cystamine on the performance of human operators].
AB  - The performance of the man-operator was evaluated by means of an electronic
      recorder of tracking processes during administration of cystamine at a dose of
      1.2 g. Capacity for work varied during 24 hours: it decreased by 25% at 12.00-
      14.00 (i.e. on the 2nd--4th working hour). Cystamine did not influence the
      pattern of reference variations of capacity for work and slightly increased the
      decline of the quality of the operator's work. An analysis of changes in the
      scattering of tracking errors showed that the adverse effect of cystamine on work
      capacity strongly influenced the mode of operation with the control system in
      which the scattering of tracking errors increased 3-fold.

PMID- 1214492
TI  - [Color perception following intensive photic stimulation].
AB  - After a monocular effect of a short-term intensive light stimulation (of 80 mksec
      in duration with illuminance of 1600 cdl. sec) which followed complete dark
      adaptation, test subjects showed disorders in color perception. They included
      lowered decrease in the acuity of color discrimination measured in the AN-59
      anomaloscope and significant distortion of the subjective evaluation of different
      color stimuli. The spectrum of an experimental intensive light effect was varied;
      it was thus shown that disorders in the color perception were associated with a
      nonuniform decrease of the sensitivity of color perceiving systems of the optic
      analyzer. The pattern and duration of these disturbances depended on the spectral
      composition and intensity of the light stimulus.

PMID- 1214494
TI  - [Gas metabolism in hypercapnia with different oxygen content].
AB  - Upon a slow development of the hypercapnic state aggravated by a lowered oxygen
      content in the breathing air the oxygen supply of the human body decreases
      noticeably. This occurs at rest as well. An increase in the oxygen content in the
      breathing air to 20-22% alleviates the adverse hypercapnic effect and,
      consequently, improves gas exchange parameters.

PMID- 1214493
TI  - [Effectiveness of pharmacological preparations in physical exertion].
AB  - The effect of some drugs used as stimulants of physical performance was measured.
      The effectiveness was assessed in animals (mice) by means of the Kiplinger
      swimming procedure and in humans with the aid of the PWC170 test and
      physiological parameters (respiration rate, pulse rate, oxygen consumption,
      oxyhemogram, blood flow rate, rate of oxygen consumption by skin -- Epstein
      constant). Ephedrine, strychnine, indocete and eleuterococcus were used as
      stimulants. In animal and human experiments the best results were obtained from
      the use of an ephedrine-strychnine mixture; the dose for mice -- 0,03 and 0.01
      mg/kg, for men -- 0.3 and 0.0015 mg/kg twice a day per os for 10-15 days.

PMID- 1214495
TI  - [Changes in human evoked potentials during altitude decompression].
AB  - In order to evaluate the functional state of the optic analyzer during altitude
      decompression, the method of recording evoked potential to the light stimulus was
      used. Changes in the latent periods and energies of evoked potential waves were
      noted during different decompression regimes. It has been, therefore, concluded
      that the functional state of the optic analyzer alter before bends; during bends
      it changes more significantly; the response to a short-term effect of painless
      decompression and to painful symptoms of the disease is different.

PMID- 1214496
TI  - [Increasing human heat tolerance by means of muscle training].
AB  - The experiments carried out on 129 athletes (gymnasts, weight-lifters and boxers)
      and 153 non-athletes have shown that sports training increases substantially the
      general and specific physical performance and elevates 2-2.5-fold the human
      resistance to thermal effects. The relationship between the signs of physical
      fitness of sportsmen and the values of their thermal resistance has been
      established. The procedure and scale of evaluating the thermal resistance of man
      have been developed.

PMID- 1214497
TI  - [Change in hemoglobin mass during prolonged hypokinesia].
AB  - The total hemoglobin mass was measured by the carbon monoxide method in 33 male
      test subjects, 21 of whom were exposed to 30-day bed rest and 6 of whom were
      exposed to 100-day bed rest. The hypokinetic test subjects showed a decrease in
      hemoglobin mass by 11-24%. During readaptation the test subjects who had a
      noticeable reduction of hemoglobin displayed a 2.7-fold increase of the
      reticulocyte count. It is suggested that the gravity decrease during bed rest and
      antiorthostatic hypokinesia results in a reduced rate of hemoglobin synthesis in
      bone marrow.

PMID- 1214498
TI  - [Oxygen consumption in terrestrial shell-less molluscan species].

PMID- 1214499
TI  - [Change in human EEG during rotation].

PMID- 1214501
TI  - Some aspects of the pharmacology of antibiotics in the cat and dog.

PMID- 1214500
TI  - [Method of complex assessment of an operator's performance on trainers].
AB  - A method of an integral evaluation of the performance of man-operator based on a
      unified system of specific and integral criteria of the quality and strain of the
      work is presented. Experimental results of an application of this method for
      studying the effect of velocity indicators on the human performance during manual
      control are given.

PMID- 1214502
TI  - Some demographic characteristics of the domestic cat population in Great Britain
      with particular reference to feeding habits and the incidence of the feline
      urological syndrome.

PMID- 1214503
TI  - Osteochondromatosis in the racing greyhound.

PMID- 1214504
TI  - Protein content of liver lymph in patients with portal hypertension secondary to
      hepatic cirrhosis.
AB  - Protein content of liver lymph was measured in 14 patients with portal
      hypertension secondary to advanced hepatic cirrhosis. An abnormally low
      concentration was found in each patient, averaging 52% of plasma levels. This
      finding reflects a decreased sinusoidal permeability to protein, the possible
      effect of "capillarization of the sinusoid" and may bear on development of portal
      congestion.

PMID- 1214505
TI  - High concentration of bilirubin in post-nodal lymph associated with red blood
      cell catabolism in lymph nodes of the sheep.
AB  - Qualitative and quantitative analysis of post-nodal lymph of the sheep has shown
      that the distinct yellow colour of this fluid pool is due to the presence of
      relatively large amounts of bilirubin. In efferent lymph from thepopliteal,
      prefemoral, prescapular, renal and intestinal lymph nodes total bilirubin
      concentrations were 3-8 times higher than the corresponding concentrations in
      blood plasma. In contrast the total bilirubin concentrations in afferent lymph
      from the lower leg and kidney were less than the corresponding concentrations in
      blood plasma. Histological examination of several popliteal and mesenteric lymph
      nodes revealed the presence of free iron and bilirubin in the cytoplasm of cells
      located near the lymphatic sinuses of the node. In addition, the concentration of
      bilirubin in efferent lymph from the popliteal node was observed to increase
      following an induced rise in the number of red blood cells reaching the node by
      way of the afferent lymphatic duct. These latter observations suggest that the
      bilirubin in post-nodal lymph is associated with the catabolism of extravascular
      red cells by reticulo-endothelial cells within the lymph nodes.

PMID- 1214506
TI  - Failure of intestinal lymphatic block to prevent experimental
      hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - Intestinal lymphatic blockade was produced in dogs by ligating the individual
      lymphatics and then obturating them with an acrylic solution. Despite meticulous
      technique a complete and lasting lymphatic block could not be produced. Extensive
      collateral channels developed via the omental, the colonic, the renal and the
      retroperitoneal lymphatics. Some of the vessels recanalized. Absorptions studied
      using C-14 octanoic and H-3 oleic acid suggested that although the lymphatic
      blockade was partially successful in lowering the content of oleic and octanoic
      acid in the lymph, direct lymphovenous transport compensated for the lymphatics'
      obstruction. The cholesterol values of the lymph blocked dogs were not lower than
      those of the controls. Intestinal lymphatic obstructions does not appear to be a
      practical approach to the prevention or treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

PMID- 1214507
TI  - The effect of anaesthesia and surgery on lymph flow, protein and leucocyte
      concentration in lymph of the sheep.
AB  - Anaesthesia and the trauma of surgery, associated with the cannulation of
      lymphatic ducts in various regions of the body of the sheep, had a profound
      effect on lymph flow, protein concentration and leucocyte concentration of lymph.
      In general lymph flow was depressed and the protein concentration elevated in
      lymph collected at the time of cannulation, or within the first 24 hours of
      recovery from surgery. The changes in protein concentration in lymph draining the
      peripheral regions of the body appeared to be due to surgical interference in the
      region of drainage. The greatest changes in lymph flow were observed in lymph
      draining peripheral regions (skin, tendon, muscular areas) while lymph draining
      soft tissues in central regions (kidney, liver) was less affected by the
      anaesthesia and surgical stress. A neutrophilia was observed in venous blood
      collected under anaesthesia while the overall numbers of lymphocytes in three
      sources of efferent lymph were depressed. It is suggested that corticosteroid
      hormones may play a role in the changes in leucocyte migration observed during
      anaesthesia and surgical stress. Changes observed in the cellular content of
      afferent lymph appeared to be due to a low grade inflammation associated with
      surgical interference in the region of lymphatic drainage.

PMID- 1214508
TI  - Studies on the immunochemical composition of human thoracic duct lymph of
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis and polymyositis.
AB  - Analysis of immunoglobulins, autoantibodies and third component of complement was
      carried out on the thoracic duct lymph of 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis
      and 2 patients with polymyositis. It was found that the distribution of these
      immunoproteins between lymph and serum reflected the distribution of total
      protein and did not appear to be dependent on molecular size. There was no
      significant difference in the distribution of the macromolecule IgM as compared
      to the other immunoglobulins. IgD was an exception with an unanticipated and
      unexplained lower concentration in lymph and higher serum to lymph ratio when
      compared to the other immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1214510
TI  - Impeded interstitial fluid movement: a factor in pancreatic oedema.
AB  - Pancreatic oedema was induced by physiological saline infused into the superior
      pancreatico-duodenal artery of 34, chloralose anaesthetized dogs. Both lymph flow
      from cannulated pancreatico-duodenal lymphatics and intralymphatic pressure in
      the non-transected ones increased significantly. The increase in pressure may be
      due to the regional lymph nodes obstructing increased lymph flow. The development
      of gross pancreatic oedema preceded the peak values of pancreatico-duodenal lymph
      flow and pressure. This suggested impeded fluid movement along tissue interstices
      and from tissue interstices into the pancreatic lymphatics. The progression of
      the oedema ran roughly parallel with the increase in fluid pressure measured by a
      perforated capsule implanted two weeks earlier into pancreatic tissues supplied
      by the artery. The results suggest that both the rise in lymph flow and pressure
      during the development of oedema in lobular organs like the pancreas are rather
      the consequences and not the causes of oedema.

PMID- 1214509
TI  - Selective staining of fibrous connective tissue capsules and lymphatics: an
      evaluation of "interstitial" fluids.
AB  - Ringer's solution containing ferrocyanide ion was infused into the arterial
      system of lumbs. Some of these ions filtered across the blood capillary wall into
      the adjacent extracapillary fluids, from which diffusion caused these ions to
      enter the wall of the enclosing epimysial capsule. Ringer's solution containing
      ferric ion was then injected into the parenchyma (not intravascularly). In
      muscles, the intensely blue ferric ferrocyanide (Prussian blue) precipitate
      appeared on the walls of the fibrous connective tissue capsules that enclosed
      each small cluster of muscle cells, and in the lymphatics of the extracapsular
      clefts. No Prussian blue appeared inside the capsules. These results indicate
      that "interstitial" fluids are divided into two discrete pools: (a) an
      intracapsular pool of capillary ultrafiltrates, and (b) an extracapsular pool in
      the trabecular clefts. Certain implications concerning the mixing of the tissue
      fluids,  the estimate of capillary filtration rates and some of the functional
      differences between intravascular and intramuscular injections are discussed.

PMID- 1214511
TI  - The use of 14C labelled histamine and histidine in histamine studies.

PMID- 1214512
TI  - Sex differences in the fate of N-methyl-14C-pethidine in rats.
AB  - N-Methyl-14C-labeled pethidine was administered intravenously to male and female
      rats at a dose of 1.25 mg per kg body weight. The amount of 14CO2 (originating
      from the N-methyl group) in the expired air of female rats was approximately a
      half of that expired by males. The amounts of radioactive metabolites (probably
      mainly deesterified products) in the excretions was higher in females. Pethidine
      levels in liver reach their maximum later, but attain substantially higher levels
      in females. The shapes of the curves relating pethidine levels to time are
      identical for blood and brain, but the brain levels are approximately ten times
      higher. Their course approximates a simple exponential curve in females, but a
      curve composed of two exponentials in males. Using the COMANSL computer programme
      and the data for blood levels, a three-compartment model has been established
      consisting of a central compartment 1, into which the drug was administered, a
      rapidly exchanging ("shallow") compartment 2, which is in equilibrium with 1, and
      a slowly exchanging ("deep") compartment 3, from which it is eliminated. Rate
      constants computed for the entry into and the exit from 1 were similar (0.23 and
      0.22) in males; they could not be determined in females (possibly since they were
      too high). The passage from 1 to 3 was faster in males (0.07) than in females
      (0.04), the elimination from 3 was substantially faster in males (1.97) than in
      females (0.33). Faster demethylation in males is attributed to higher
      demethylation activity of male liver, known from in vitro experiments and faster
      rate of alternative pathways in females to higher substrate concentration in the
      liver. Attention is drawn to the considerable sex differences in the distribution
      of the drug.

PMID- 1214513
TI  - The influence of glucagon on the blood supply of the heart and kidneys in
      rabbits.
AB  - In experiments with rabbits, glucagon prolonged the half-period of absorption of
      sodium iodide 125J in the left ventricular myocardium. Regitine prevented
      acceleration of the heart rate and impairment of capillary flow after glucagon.
      In healthy rabbits hippurate 125J clearance was unaffected by glucagon. After
      injury of the heart muscle by injection of silver nitrate solution into the left
      ventricular wall and depression of blood pressure, glucagon partly normalized
      renal clearance of hippurate 125J.

PMID- 1214514
TI  - Influence of Ultracorten H on blood supply of the kidneys in peptone shock and in
      experimental injury of the heart with silver nitrate in rabbits.

PMID- 1214515
TI  - Influence of combined administration of ethyl alcohol with caffeine and
      hydroxyzine on cardiac minute volume and stroke volume in rabbits.
AB  - The effect of combined administration of ethyl alcohol with caffeine and
      hydroxyzine on cardiac volume and vascular resistance was studied. Combined
      administration of these compounds diminished cardiac stroke volume and minute
      output and increased general vascular resistance. Simultaneous administration of
      ethanol with caffeine and hydroxyzine exerts an unfavorable effect on
      haemodynamics of circulatory system.

PMID- 1214516
TI  - 14CH3-N-pethidine  biotransformation in the rat and rabbit isolated perfused
      liver during the pathological process.
AB  - The demonstration of decreased hydrolysis and demethylation of pethidine in the
      liver subcellular fractions in the course of acute radiation sickness was not
      verified under the conditions of perfusion of the isolated liver. An attempt was
      made to interpret the discrepancy in the findings by a change in the intensity of
      uptake of pethidine and its metabolites in liver tissue after irradiation.

PMID- 1214517
TI  - Absorption, distribution in tissues and routes of excretion of preparation IF-ROM
      196 administered to rats orally.
AB  - The metabolic fate of a new coronary vasodilating derivative of ethylenediamine
      (ROM--196) labeled with 14C has been studied in Wistar rats. Dynamics of
      absorption of the preparation, its distribution in tissues and excretion in
      urine, feces and bile and expiratory air were investigated. The preparation is
      quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and readily penetrates to the
      tissues. It is excreted mainly in the stools and urine.

PMID- 1214518
TI  - Influence of various drugs on excretion and distribution of chromium-51 in acute
      poisoning in rats.
AB  - Excretion of chromium-51 was studied in rats poisoned by intramuscular injection
      of chromium chloride. CaNa2EDTA, BAL, Thioctacid, D-penicillamine and
      diphenylcarbazide used as detoxicants failed to increase excretion of chromium in
      the urine or stools.

PMID- 1214519
TI  - Application of the isotope technique in pharmacodynamic analysis of penetration
      of drugs into parasites.
AB  - Penetration of piperazine adipate into Ascaris lumbricoides var. suum L. was
      studied by scintigraphy andautoradiography. The results indicate that
      anthelminthic drugs, including piperazine, penetrate into the parasite mainly
      through the mouth or other natural orifices, and only slightly through the
      cuticle, and that the amount of piperazine that penetrates depende on its
      concentration in the solution.

PMID- 1214521
TI  - On the mechanism of tachyphylaxis to histamine in guinea pig seminal vesicle.
AB  - Repeated administration of high concentrations (10 muglml and above) of histamine
      produce tachyphylaxis in the seminal vesicle of guinea pig. Acetylcholine
      partially restores the response to histamine after development of constant
      tachyphylactic response. No tachyphylaxis occurred (in few experiments) in which
      the preparation is atropinized. Prior eserinization potentiates the response to
      histamine. After development of tachyphylaxis to histamine, increasing doses of
      histamine fail to produce log dose increase in the response. The results suggest
      that tachyphylaxis to histamine involves, desensitization of the receptors and
      further, a decrease in the release of acetylcholine may also contribute to the
      development of tachyphylaxis.

PMID- 1214520
TI  - Regulatory role of prostaglandins in the vascular system.
AB  - It is reported that noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction initiates generation
      of prostaglandins of the E series by vasculas walls. These endogenous
      prostaglandins attenuate the vasoconstrictor effect of noradrenaline. Inhibitors
      of prostaglandin biosynthesis (indomethacin, mefenamic acid) abolish acute
      tolerance to noradrenaline infusions and counteract hypotension which is induced
      in cats by injection of endotoxin or by injection of rat blood.

PMID- 1214522
TI  - Immuno-enzymatic aspects of diabetic syndrome (Follow up).

PMID- 1214523
TI  - Delayed type allergy in patients with ulcerative colitis. III. Allergic reactions
      evoked in colonic mucosa by autologous leukocytes and their extracts.
AB  - In 36 patients with ulcerative colitis hypersensitivity reactions induced in the
      colonic mucosa by autologous leukocytes and their extracts were studied. In 77%
      of cases reactions developed at the site of leukocyte injection and in 69% of
      cases at the site of leukocyte extra injection. The time of reaction appearance
      and the character of histological changes suggest that the reactions were of the
      cell-mediated type. The results of the investigations indicate that cell-mediated
      reactions may be an important pathogenic factor in ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1214524
TI  - Advances in the knowledge on placental thyrotrophin.
AB  - The author discusses the problems of hormonal functions of normal placenta with
      particular reference to thyrotrophin of chorionic origin. The chemical structure
      and physiological activity of chorionic thyrotrophin are described and clinical
      syndromes caused by thyrotrophin secretion by pathologically changed placenta are
      discussed.

PMID- 1214525
TI  - 80th annniversary of the discovery of erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

PMID- 1214527
TI  - [Some characteristics of patients affected by diabetes mellitus in Bosna and
      Hercegovina].

PMID- 1214526
TI  - [Enzyme activity of cerebrospinal fluid in brain tumors].

PMID- 1214528
TI  - [Changes in lymphograms in carcinoma of the cervix].

PMID- 1214529
TI  - [Clinical characteristics of epidemics of trichinosis in the village of Lipovica
      near Tuzla].

PMID- 1214530
TI  - [Primary dissecting aneurysm of interlobar renal artery].

PMID- 1214531
TI  - [Dressler's syndrome (post-infarct syndrome in myocardial infarct)].

PMID- 1214532
TI  - [Incidence of pemphigus in newborn infants born at the Gynecologic-Obstetrical
      Department in Bijeljina].

PMID- 1214533
TI  - [Report on a smaller epidemic of trichinelliasis].

PMID- 1214534
TI  - [Melbrosin super in the treatment of climacteric difficulties].

PMID- 1214535
TI  - [2% Xylocaine in the treatment of heart arrhythmias of the ventricular type].

PMID- 1214536
TI  - [Opinion of patients about the qualities of out-patient hospital service (results
      of a questionnaire in Sarajevo)].

PMID- 1214537
TI  - [Is it possible to estimate the value of a scientific study?].

PMID- 1214538
TI  - Sexuality and depression in infancy, childhood, and adolescence.

PMID- 1214539
TI  - Immunogenicity of inactivated influenza vaccine, purified by adsorption
      chromatography on porous glas.
AB  - A chromatographic process has been developed for a mass purification and
      concentration of influenza virus. The final virus suspension, purified some 400
      times, is characterized by its antigenic properties and protein content. The
      virus was killed by UV-light and the resulting vaccine tried on 345 people. The
      immunity level is 8 times higher than the control. In mice which were infected
      after immunization with a homologous and heterologous influenza virus strains a
      high protection index was found (10(6) EID50 for homologous and 10(4) EID50 for
      heterologous strains).

PMID- 1214540
TI  - Water contents of various regions of the feline nervous system.
AB  - A systematic analysis of the regional water content of the feline nervous system
      was made. In general, areas rich in grey matter contained about 10-15% more water
      than white matter areas. Percentage water values were lowest for cranial and
      peripheral nerves and highest for cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex, olfactory
      bulb and other grey matter regions. Values for cerebral cortex varied from about
      81.5% for suprasplenic gyrus to over 84% for frontal gyrus. It is suggested that
      the effective concentrations of dissolved substances in various regions of the
      nervous system might be influenced greatly by these differences in water content.

PMID- 1214541
TI  - Plasma tryptophan transport in normal and depressed subjects.
AB  - Depressed patients have a delayed clearance of i.v. injected labelled 1
      tryptophan. A high affinity binding for the amino acid and a derangement of
      transport or distribution to tissues in the depressed are suggested as possible
      mechanisms.

PMID- 1214542
TI  - The metabolism of azidomorphine in the rat.
AB  - The metabolism of [7,8-3H]azidomorphine and the in vivo stability of the
      azidogroup in azidomorphine and 14-hydroxyazidomorphine was studied.
      Asidomorphine conjugates with glucuronic acid, and is N-demethylated by rat liver
      microsomes. Detection by means of infrared spectroscopy proved that the azidroup
      in azidomorphine and 14-hydroxyazidomorphine strongly resists biotransformation
      in the rat.

PMID- 1214543
TI  - [Role of Streptomyces melanochromogenes cell wall and membrane in actinomycin D
      biosynthesis].

PMID- 1214544
TI  - [Activity tests and standardization of tuberculin RT-23 with tween 80].

PMID- 1214545
TI  - [Effect of some phosphoro-organic pesticides on the function of human fibroblasts
      in vitro. I. Studies on phoschlor action].

PMID- 1214547
TI  - [Indications for reconstructing injured veins in associated arterial lesions
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have organized therapeutic measures in simultaneous bullet injuries
      to the arteries and the veins of the extremities on the basis of experience
      attained in 26 cases. 1. Simultaneous reconstruction of an injured artery and its
      satellite vein must be aimed at in all instances; 2. even the smallest injuries
      to the arterial intima favour acute arterial thrombosis, if the satellite vein
      has been tied up simultaneously; 3. acute arterial occlusion is not caused by the
      isolated ligature of the vein but by the deep, extended venous thrombosis
      building up on it; 4. where a main vein is ligated, anticoagulant therapy must be
      initiated immediately to prevent deep venous thrombosis; 5. simultaneous
      reconstruction of both the arterial and the venous flow systems must be
      maintained by postoperative anticoagulant therapy. The paper goes into details of
      thrombectomy, the technical details of vein reconstruction, the question of
      whether the establishment of a temporary arteriovenous anastomosis is
      indispensable,, and injuries to veins associated with fractures and dislocations.

PMID- 1214546
TI  - [Bile and stress ulcer in the rat (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of bile on the ulcer formation under "restraint stress" condition
      was studied in rats with direct choledocho-gastrostomia resp. bile duct ligation.
      After 9 hrs. of immobilisation in plaster cuffs the animals with unrestricted
      bile flow via the choledochosstress gastrostomia showed as many ulcers as the
      sham-operated controls. There was no difference in the ulcer localisation, the
      region of the bile duct anastomosis was without any ulcer. After bile duct
      ligation the ulcer frequency was reduced to the half. These results are explained
      by a massive bile reflux under stress condition, of which the pathogenetic role
      in stress ulcer formation is discussed.

PMID- 1214548
TI  - [Functional and metabolic changes of the mucosa during the occlusion of the small
      bowel of the rat (author's transl)].
AB  - In this study we investigated the function of the obstructed small bowel of the
      rat, the behaviour of the mucosal enzymes, the metabolic changes of the small
      bowel wall and the morphology of the mucosa. We found a decrease of passive
      transport of 3H-Antipyrine which was equal after 24 and 48 hrs. The active
      transport of 14C-Glucose was found to be progressively inhibited after occlusion.
      The metabolic enzymes SDH, G-6-PDH, and GOT remained unchanged, LDH was increased
      after 48 hrs, which can be explained by enzyme induction. The lactate-pyruvate
      ratio in the tissue of the obstructed bowel was 3 times as high as in the
      controls. The brush-border enzymes maltase and especially the alkaline
      phosphatase are decreased with progressive obstruction, which probably is caused
      by diffusion into the lumen. By electron-microscopy there are no changes in the
      brush-border membrane but a swelling of mitochondria which is caused by hypoxia.

PMID- 1214549
TI  - [Some aspects of infections caused by mycoplasmas, especially by Mycoplasma
      pneumoniae].

PMID- 1214550
TI  - [Rash due to ampicillin during treatment of infectious mononucleosis].

PMID- 1214551
TI  - [Synovial cyst in the popliteal region in the lower leg in rheumatoid arthritis
      and current methods used for their visualization].

PMID- 1214552
TI  - [Etiopathogenic classification of unilateral hyperlucent lung in infancy and
      childhood].

PMID- 1214553
TI  - [Is appendicitis still a problem in our health services?].

PMID- 1214554
TI  - [Neuroblastoma of the sympathicus, report on 8 cases in infancy].

PMID- 1214555
TI  - [Age of menarche in the Zagreb school girls].

PMID- 1214556
TI  - [Eye disorders discovered in a systematic survey of a population].

PMID- 1214557
TI  - [Significance of rectosigmoidoscopy as a diagnostic method in clinical
      infectology].

PMID- 1214558
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the platelet aggregation test].

PMID- 1214559
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of congenital atrioventricular block in the newborn period
      and in infancy].

PMID- 1214560
TI  - [2-year-old patient with cystine bladder calculi].

PMID- 1214561
TI  - [Primary defect of prechordal mesoderm].

PMID- 1214562
TI  - [Intestinal obstruction caused by cavernous lymphangioma of the mesentery in a
      newborn infant].

PMID- 1214563
TI  - [Bronchography using of Hydrast "Guerbet" (analysis of 30 cases)].

PMID- 1214564
TI  - [Role of smoking in the development of coronary disease].

PMID- 1214565
TI  - [Menarche in Zagreb girls, the earliest in Europe].

PMID- 1214566
TI  - Practical approaches to some behavioral problems.

PMID- 1214567
TI  - How to recognize and treat the inappropriate ADH syndrome.

PMID- 1214568
TI  - Malpractice decisions you should know about.

PMID- 1214569
TI  - Treatments of choice in diverticular disease of the colon.

PMID- 1214570
TI  - From London: how they treat diabetes in children.

PMID- 1214572
TI  - [Automated systems of mass medical examination as a basis for the complete
      dispensary treatment of the population].

PMID- 1214571
TI  - [Some methods of assessing the work of automatic analytical systems under
      clinical biochemical laboratory conditions].
AB  - The use of automatic facilities at clinical biochemical laboratories involves a
      change in the technological pattern of the analysis. In the course of the
      analysis the samples pass through the same automatic devices. A transfer of a
      volume of the substance from a preceding sample into a vessel containing the next
      one gives rise to systematic errors. A procedure for measuring a volume of the
      substance at different stages of the analysis is proposed. Experimental data
      derived from an investigation of the transfer of a volume at the stages of
      proportioning the biological liquid and reagents when handling various types of
      foreign-made automatic devices are presented.

PMID- 1214574
TI  - [Choice of operating modes for removing air from steam sterilizers].

PMID- 1214573
TI  - [Device for measuring the acoustic impedance of the middle ear].
AB  - There exists a direct proportional relation between the acoustic impedance of the
      tympanic membrane and static pressure in the external acoustic duct. This
      relation forms the basis of the UM-01 device which enables the acoustic impedance
      to be determined and allows it to judge from its magnitude on the condition of
      the sound-conducting sector of the auditory analyser. The device is simple to
      handle and does not require any balancing of the measuring portion in the
      circuit.

PMID- 1214575
TI  - [Problem of the output and servicing of automated systems for the prophylactic
      examination of the population].

PMID- 1214576
TI  - [Pressing problems in the organization of mass prophylactic examinations
      utilizing an automated system for examining the population].
AB  - Mass prophylactic examinations are of great importance for purposeful
      implementation of health measures and come as the first stage of treatment on the
      dispensary level. At the same time, medical examination absorb huge funds and tie
      up many staff workers with their efforts proving insufficiently effective. The
      rates of putting into practice an all-round dispensary treatment may be
      accelerated only by a wide application of automated systems and complexes. To
      achieve a proper functioning and an effective practical utilization of automated
      systems it is proposed that an All-Union scientific-coordination centre should be
      set up, whose task will be to methodologically work out forms and methods for the
      operation of prophylactic departments provided with automated complexes, as well
      as the ways of their further improvement.

PMID- 1214577
TI  - [Choice of a planning decision for a roentgenology office for mass prophylactic
      examinations (the ASPON roentgenological subsystem)].

PMID- 1214578
TI  - [Pneumatic medical splints made of polymeric materials for immobilizing the
      extremities].
AB  - For rendering temporary medical aid in various kinds of traumas pneumatic medical
      splints are of an ever wider use. These are inflated double-layer air-tight filmy
      chamber-like sheathes forming a slip-cover around injured limbs of the victims,
      or around their cervical vertebrae. A review of the existing foreign and Soviet
      made specimens of the splints has shown that, as regards their functional purpose
      and film material employed, they form several types, including uni- or
      multisectional, shaped, split and solid, reinforced and non-reinforced, etc. The
      pneumatic splints have a number of advantages, the one of them being the fact
      that can be quickly used for rendering help or self-help in the field.

PMID- 1214579
TI  - [Mass prophylactic examinations of the population and scientific and technical
      progress].
AB  - To ensure an early recognition and subsequent active dynamic observation and
      treatment of patients a further improvement of the forms and methods of
      prophylactic medical examinations of the population is necessary. One of the
      forms of organizing such examinations is construction and application in the
      medical practice of automated systems for mass examination of the population, in
      which efficient diagnostic methods are used.

PMID- 1214580
TI  - [Device for the experimental local application of cold to organs and vessels of
      the abdominal cavity].
AB  - A study of the action produced by local freezing on the esophageal and gastric
      mucosa under conditions of acute hyperemia, on the veins and arteries of various
      diameter - for preventive stasis of the blood flow along them and on the nerve:
      carrying sheaths of major arteries made it possible to construct a cryosurgical
      instrument of a simple design and easy to handle. The working end of this
      instrument that acts on the organ undergoing operation is cooled down to -185
      degrees. The instrument ensures a sufficiently effective utilization of the
      coolant and its low consumption during surgery.

PMID- 1214581
TI  - [Experience in utilizing ultrasonic compound scanning in obstetrics].
AB  - A promising method of ultrasonic diagnostics is compound or multiple scanning.
      Its application in obstetrics makes it possible to more distinctly define the
      contours of the structures studied. Results subsequent to an examination of 750
      pregnant women showed that by using this method it becomes possible to determine
      the position of the fetus, biparietal diameter of its head, the size of the
      placenta, abnormalities in the development of the fetus, etc. The advantages of
      compound scanning are particularly spectacular in estimating the growth of the
      fetal head during early periods of gestation.

PMID- 1214582
TI  - [Scientific, technical and economic cooperation in the field of medical
      technology between the USSR and the Hungarian People's Republic].

PMID- 1214584
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of collagenoses. An introduction].

PMID- 1214583
TI  - [All-Union Scientific Medical and Technical Scoiety and the development of
      medical technology].

PMID- 1214585
TI  - [Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)].

PMID- 1214587
TI  - [Polymyositis].

PMID- 1214586
TI  - [Rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1214588
TI  - [Scleroderma and the mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD)].

PMID- 1214589
TI  - [Prevention of isoproterenol-induced lesions in the rat myocardium by
      prenylamine].

PMID- 1214590
TI  - [Resistance of pulmonary circuit in acute and chronic experimental atelectasis].

PMID- 1214591
TI  - Some speculations on the normal human silent period evoked in the small muscles
      of the hand.

PMID- 1214592
TI  - The hyperglycemia of experimental galactosemia.

PMID- 1214594
TI  - [Clinical-pathological conference: jaundice and fever in a young adult].

PMID- 1214593
TI  - [Relations between the Latin American and international scientific and technical
      literature].

PMID- 1214595
TI  - 1975 Eugene M. Landis Award Lecture. Microcirculation as seen by a red cell.

PMID- 1214596
TI  - Effects of norepinephrine infusion (IV) on colloid osmotic pressure of systemic
      arterial plasma.

PMID- 1214597
TI  - Microvascular hemodynamic variations accompanying microvessel dimensional
      changes.

PMID- 1214598
TI  - Sensitivity of subcutaneous small arteries and veins to norepinephrine, and
      epinephrine, and isoproterenol in the unanesthetized bat.

PMID- 1214599
TI  - Effects of changing hemodynamics on the extra plasma space in the lungs of sheep.

PMID- 1214600
TI  - Effects of subzero temperatures on the microcirculation in the oral mucous
      membrane.

PMID- 1214602
TI  - Angiogenesis about and within grafts of normal testicular tissue: a comparison
      with transplanted neoplastic tissue.

PMID- 1214601
TI  - Common morphogenetic aspects of various organotypic microvascular patterns.

PMID- 1214603
TI  - [Regulation of 1-dehydrogenation and 20 beta-reduction of ketosteroids by
      microorganisms].
AB  - Regulation of two microbiological processes--1-dehydrogenation and 20 beta
      reduction of ketosteroids--was studied using several exogeneous quinones which
      (a) stimulated 1-dehydrogenation and (b) inhibited the accompanying reaction, the
      reduction of 20-ketogroup of the steroid molecule. The least active compounds
      were benzoquinones. The best regulators are 1,4-naphthoquinone, 1,2
      naphthoquinone, and 7-methoxy-1,2-naphthoquinone. Possible mechanism of the
      action of naphthoquinones on Mycobacterium globiforme is discussed.

PMID- 1214604
TI  - [Variety of effects of vitamins on yeast cells in aerobic conditions].
AB  - The effect of thiamine and biotin on the processes of cell division, assimilation
      of glucose, and accumulation of the biomass and nitrogen in the cells was studied
      with the Candida yeast. The action of the vitamins depended on the source of
      nitrogen. In some strains,  asparagine can substitute for biotin. Biotin has
      different effect on the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid in Candida
      pulcherrima, C. guilliermondii. C. tropicalis K3-10. High concentrations of
      arginine were found in C. guilliermondii var. membranaefaciens in the presence of
      biotin. The vitamins did not favour the assimilation of nitrate nitrogen in
      species which were not adapted to this source of nitrogen.

PMID- 1214606
TI  - [Effect of the composition of the medium and magnesium and calcium ions on the
      germination of spores of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris].
AB  - The germination of the spores of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris formed on a complex
      medium is stimulated by suspending them in solutions containing Mg2+ and Ca2+
      ions. The stimulation is not the result of the initiation of the spores in the
      presence of the ions since the experiments were carried out at a temperature of
      20 degrees C at which the initiation did not virtually take place. The ions of
      Na+ and K+ have almost no effect on the germination of the spores. The fraction
      of the resting spores of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris depends on the composition of
      the growth medium, especially on its amino acid composition. The addition of Mg2+
      and Ca2+ ions to a minimal synthetic growth medium stimulates the growth of the
      cultures and decreases the dormancy of the spores. The spores formed on the
      synthetic medium are less thermostable than the spores formed on the complex
      medium. Thermostability of the spores increases upon the addition of Mg2+ to the
      synthetic medium. Spore suspensions obtained on the synthetic medium with Mg2+ or
      Ca2+ are initiated more completely than spore suspensions obtained on the complex
      medium.

PMID- 1214605
TI  - [Determination of optical activity of the growth medium as a method for detection
      of extraterrestrial life].
AB  - Determination of optical activity of the cultural medium can be used for
      detection of extraterrestrial life. The composition of the growth medium depends
      on the duration of the experiment. Automatic biological stations are sent to
      planets for a short time, and the best components of the growth medium are D
      glucose and D-maltose; optical activity of the cultural broth disappears upon
      assimilation of these compounds. Tartaric acid is less suitable since the
      duration of the experiment increases several times and desert soils do not always
      contain microorganisms assimilating tartaric acid.

PMID- 1214607
TI  - [Changes in the composition of intracellular lipids and hydrocarbons in Candida
      tropicalis in the absence of growth].
AB  - The fatty acid composition of lipids and the composition of hydrocarbons were
      studied in Candida tropicalis cultivated on a medium with propionic acid and
      incubated in the conditions of starvation and on a medium containing glucose-1-6
      14C but no nitrogen. Intracellular fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms
      were found to be easily metabolized by yeast cells. The content and composition
      of intracellular hydrocarbons were very labile and underwent intensive
      transformation caused by changes in the metabolism of the yeast cell.

PMID- 1214608
TI  - [Yeast growth on solid natural oil].
AB  - Two strains of the yeast Candida lipolytica with a specific response to n-alkanes
      could grow on a medium with paraffins only in the case of contact of the cells
      with the particles of hydrocarbons. A mixture of paraffins with a solidification
      point of 35 degrees C contained 41.6% of n-alkanes with the carbon chain from C8
      to C36. Assimilation of n-alkanes was studied along with the yeast growth in the
      course of fermentation. Penetration of the hydrocarbons into the yeast cells and
      the specificity of the substrates for both yeast strains are discussed.

PMID- 1214609
TI  - [Spectrophotometric characteristics of the coccoid forms of actinomycetes].
AB  - IR spectra of thw whole cells of the coccoid forms (Mycococcus and Micrococcus)
      isolated from lithophilous lichen were compared with IR spectra of the collection
      cultures of Micrococcus and Arthrobacter. Generic spectral characteristics of
      Mycococcus and Micrococcus are presented. Spectral heterogeneity within the genus
      Arthrobacter complicates the diagnosis. The cultures of the Mycococcus genus were
      divided into three groups according to their spectral characteristics. Spectral
      scans of the studied coccoid forms differ from the scans of the mycelial
      actinomycetes, and their intensities within the range of 900-1200 cm-1 (lipids)
      decrease in the series Mycococcus, Arthrobacter, Micrococcus.

PMID- 1214610
TI  - [Specific phages used for differentiation of the entomopathogenic bacterium
      Bacillus thuringiensis].
AB  - The sensitivity to specific phages and morphological, physiological, and
      antigenic properties were compared among several strains of Bacillus
      thuringiensis isolated from insects inhabiting various geographical zones. All 43
      cultures assigned to Bac. thuringiensis var. sotto and 198 among 170 cultures
      classed as Bac. thuringiensis var. dendrolimus were found to belong to Bac.
      thuringiensis var. dendrolimus. None of these cultures was resistant to its
      specific phage. The same was true of 22 studied cultures of Bac. thuringiensis
      var. galleriae. Only two among studied 45 cultures of Bac. thuringiensis var.
      thuringiensis were resistant to phages specific for this variety. Therefore, the
      abundance of variants resistant to specific phages in natural conditions differs
      among the varieties of Bac. thuringiensis. In most cases, cultures of the same
      variety of Bac. thuringiensis isolated from various insects inhabiting different
      geographical zones are identical by their sensitivity to specific phages and by
      other important characteristics.

PMID- 1214611
TI  - [Respiration and dehydrogenase activity of pigmentless variants of Staphylococcus
      aureus].
AB  - Respiration and dehydrogenase activity were studied in four pigmentless mutants
      of Staphylococcus aureus 209-P. The rate of oxygen uptake from the incubation
      medium was higher in the mutants than in the parent strain. The rate of
      respiration and the activity of dehydrogenase in the pigmentless mutants were
      found to depend on the permeability of the cell membrane for substrates of
      respiration; carotenoids are presumed to be involved in this permeability.

PMID- 1214612
TI  - [Effect of inoculation on nitrogen fixation by chick pea, on its crop and protein
      content].
AB  - Active strains of Rh. cicer were found to increase the crop of chick pea by 25-
      36%, the content of protein by 2--6%, and the content of total nitrogen in the
      roots by 1.7--2%. Symbiotic fixation of nitrogen determined by a technique of
      "inoculation" varies within 40--60% depending on the activity of the strain. No
      correlation has been established between the effectiveness of the strains of
      nodule bacteria and the activity of their enzymes--dehydrogenases.

PMID- 1214613
TI  - [Cytochrome spectra of hydrocarbon-oxidizing cultures of Mycobacterium
      ceroformans].

PMID- 1214614
TI  - [Effect of IAA on the content of RNA in the cells and isolated nuclei of
      Aspergillus oryzae].
AB  - The content of RNA in mycelium and isolated nuclei of Aspergillus oryzae 3-9-15
      was studied after its growth during two days on the modified Capek medium
      containing 0.01 and 10 mg% of IAA. A direct correlation has been established
      between the extracellular concentration of IAA and its content in the mycelium
      and isolated nuclei of the fungus. The stimulating effect of the extracellular
      IAA on the content of RNA in the isolated nuclei was optimal after one hour of
      incubation in the Capek medium containing 0.01 or 10 mg% of IAA.

PMID- 1214615
TI  - [Microorganism in the hyphae of mycorrhiza-forming fungus].
AB  - A microorganism with the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane was found when the
      endotrophic mycorrhiza of pea was studied by electron microscopy. The wall of the
      microorganism was in a close contact with the cytoplasm of the fungus. No changes
      were found in the ultrastructure of the fungus and microorganism caused by their
      interaction.

PMID- 1214616
TI  - [Assimilation of alpha-ketoglutaric acid by Azotobacter chroococcum].
AB  - Labelled alpha-ketoglutaric acid was used to study the inability (complete or
      partial) of some strains of Azobacter chroococcum to grow on this substrate. This
      inability is interpreted by the absence, or a lower rate, of induced synthesis of
      the transport system specific of alpha-ketoglutaric acid.

PMID- 1214617
TI  - [Respiration of oligonitrophilic bacteria].
AB  - The respiration rate of 25 studied oligonitrophilous strains belonging to various
      genera and species of bacteria varied within wide limits depending on their
      taxonomy, conditions of cultivation, substrates, and other factors. No strict
      correlation was established between the respiration rate and the activity of
      nitrogen fixation. One of the typical properties of oligonitrophilous bacteria is
      a high rate of endogeneous respiration --50% and more of the respiration rate
      during assimilation of exogeneous substrates. The level of oxidative metabolism
      of oligonitrophilous bacteria was found to be higher on media containing bound
      nitrogen than on media without nitrogen.

PMID- 1214618
TI  - [Facultative methylotroph belonging to the genus Arthrobacter].
AB  - A bacterial strain has been isolated and identified, on the basis of its
      morphological and physiologo-biochemical properties, as Arthrobacter globiformis.
      The bacterium is a facultative methylotroph and grows not only on media with
      various organic compounds but also in the presence of methylated amines as a sole
      source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. Other C1-substrates were not utilized.

PMID- 1214620
TI  - [Contribution to the thermal analysis of optical antipodes: ephedrin
      hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride].

PMID- 1214619
TI  - [Directed biosynthesis of proteolytic enzymes in Actinomyces thermovulgaris].
AB  - The biosynthesis of proteolytic enzymes in the thermophilic culture of
      Actinomyces thermovulgaris, strain T-54, was directed by changing the composition
      of the medium and the temperature of cultivation. A temperature of 40 degrees C
      is optimal for the growth and production of neutral and alkaline proteases. The
      maximum activity of acid proteases was found during the growth on a complex
      medium at 30 degrees C. An increase of temperature to 50 degrees C during the
      cultivation of the microorganism on a chemically defined medium resulted in its
      secondary growth and a sharp rise in the activity of alkaline and neutral
      proteases.

PMID- 1214621
TI  - Modified method for the estimation of ascorbic acid from preserved juices and
      squashes.

PMID- 1214622
TI  - [Effect of different RNA preparations on primary immune response to immunization
      with tetanus antitoxin].

PMID- 1214623
TI  - [Isolation and identification of a phytotoxic substance in Penicillium rivolii
      Zaleski, str. 1066].

PMID- 1214625
TI  - [Reproduction of TMV in suspension culture of pigmented tobacco cell line].

PMID- 1214624
TI  - [Effect of gamma rays and gibberellin on the accumulation of X virus in potato
      plants].

PMID- 1214626
TI  - [Antimicrobial effect of N-substituted heterocyclic derivatives of certain
      benzoquinolines].

PMID- 1214627
TI  - [Extracellular nucleases of phytopathogenic bacteria].

PMID- 1214628
TI  - [Identification of bacteriosis agents in hyacinths].

PMID- 1214629
TI  - [Change in chemical composition of millet nuclei affected by a complex of
      microorganisms].

PMID- 1214630
TI  - [Study of cellular lipids in Candida tropicalis K-41 on media with 1-alkenes].

PMID- 1214631
TI  - [Study of the porphyrin content in mutants of Actinomyces olivaceus V KX met-
      (B12-)].

PMID- 1214632
TI  - [Beta-galactosidase activity in certain species of Penicillium].

PMID- 1214633
TI  - [Synthesis of vitamin B groups by Micrococcus freudenreichii K-219 in
      carbohydrate and hydrocarbon nutrition media].

PMID- 1214634
TI  - [Elastolytic properties of certain mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria of the
      genera Bacillus and Pseudomonas].

PMID- 1214635
TI  - [Antimicrobic properties of facultative anaerobes isolated from oil-bearing
      wells].

PMID- 1214636
TI  - [Erwinia carotovora in the lupine rhizosphere].

PMID- 1214637
TI  - [Formation of fatty acids by aspergillus ochraceus 15B growing on a hexadecane
      containing medium].

PMID- 1214639
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of double infection induced by potato virus X and
      potato virus Y in Nicotiana glutinosa].

PMID- 1214638
TI  - [Effect of delta-aminolevulinic acid on the biosynthesis of porphyrins and
      vitamin B12 by suspensions of starved cells of Actinomyces olivaceus V KX met-
      (B12-) mutants].

PMID- 1214640
TI  - [Various physiological and biochemical peculiarities in selective phytotoxicity
      of triazines in viran infection].

PMID- 1214641
TI  - [Comparative diagnostic evaluation of various methods of laboratory examinations
      during 3 epidemics of influenza A2 (1970-1973)].

PMID- 1214642
TI  - [A histological study of pathological changes in Aedes aegypti L. larvae
      experimentally infected with mosquito densonucleosis virus].

PMID- 1214644
TI  - [Determination of antimicrobic effect of detergents by the textile disc method].

PMID- 1214643
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of adenoviral infection in HeLa cells cultured under
      conditions of supraoptimal temperature].

PMID- 1214645
TI  - [The use of Triton X-100 for purification of potato virus S].

PMID- 1214646
TI  - [Purification of potato virus X].

PMID- 1214647
TI  - [Study of various biochemical characteristics of bacteria from the genus
      Brevibacterium Breed, 1953].

PMID- 1214648
TI  - [Ability of yeast from the genus Candida to assimilate sugars and acetic acid
      from mineral medium and sulfite liquors].

PMID- 1214649
TI  - [Regulation of amino acid formation in Candida tropicalis K-41 cultured on
      hydrocarbons of different nature].

PMID- 1214650
TI  - [The effect of pantothenic acid derivatives on the growth of the B3-auxotrophic
      strain of Saccharomycodes ludwigii KM].

PMID- 1214651
TI  - [Synthesis of thiamine and riboflavin by nodule bacteria of clover and lupine].

PMID- 1214652
TI  - [The use of inorganic precursors of cysteine synthesis in the study of cysteine
      deficient mutants of Actinomyces olivaceus V KX].

PMID- 1214653
TI  - [Toxicobiological properties of fusaric acid].

PMID- 1214655
TI  - [The incidence of Bacterium bifidum excretion in adults with different
      gastrointestinal diseases].

PMID- 1214654
TI  - [Obtaining of plants-regenerants from tobacco clone tissue and determination of
      their sensitivity to potato virus X].

PMID- 1214656
TI  - [Salmonellosis carrier state].

PMID- 1214657
TI  - [Identification of Pseudomonas atrofaciens (MC. Culloch) Stevens by serological
      method].

PMID- 1214658
TI  - [Preservation of phytopathogenic bacteria in tissue culture of Nicotiana
      tabacum].

PMID- 1214659
TI  - [Effect of temperature conditions of cultivation of thermotolerant Candida
      tropicalis K-41 on the amino acid composition of cells].

PMID- 1214660
TI  - [Study of pathogenicity and toxicity of various microbic associations].

PMID- 1214661
TI  - [Effect of temperature on the reaction of Datura stramomium L. plants infected
      with potato virus X].

PMID- 1214662
TI  - [The possibility of influenza virus reproduction in cultures of insect cells].

PMID- 1214663
TI  - [Study of the antitubercular activity of synthetic organic compounds belonging to
      the group based on Shiff, oxine and anilides].

PMID- 1214664
TI  - [Obtaining, concentration and purification of Pseudomonas vignae phages].

PMID- 1214666
TI  - [Amino acid composition of Candida tropicalis K-41 cultured on media with
      saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons].

PMID- 1214665
TI  - [Micromethod for preparation of leukocyte interferon].

PMID- 1214668
TI  - [Activity of dehydrogenases in lupine nodule bacteria].

PMID- 1214667
TI  - [Vitamin requirements of yeasts using low-molecular paraffins].

PMID- 1214669
TI  - [Synthesis of pyridoxine and cobalamin by nodule bacteria clover and lupine].

PMID- 1214670
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of Fusarium moniliforme Scheld. mycelium].

PMID- 1214671
TI  - [Surface structure and composition of cell walls in various fusaria species].

PMID- 1214672
TI  - [Interaction of influenza virus with cells at early stages of infection].

PMID- 1214673
TI  - [Antitumor properties of 2-phenazinylthioureidotyrosine].

PMID- 1214675
TI  - Prognostic tests in cancer of the lung: fact and fallacy.

PMID- 1214674
TI  - [Repeated obtaining of dog peritoneal macrophages and their cultivation in
      vitro].

PMID- 1214676
TI  - An improved method for measuring the size of myocardial infarctions.

PMID- 1214677
TI  - Memory and retrieval.

PMID- 1214679
TI  - Editorial: The big or the little operation?

PMID- 1214678
TI  - Editorial: Teaching in audiology and audiometry.

PMID- 1214680
TI  - Editorial: Behavioural science and paramedical education.

PMID- 1214682
TI  - Educational and psychological factors in the management of diabetes in childhood.
AB  - Thirty-seven diabetic children and their parents were studied with respect to
      their level of understanding of the nature and management of diabetes as well as
      their attitude towards, and acceptance of the disease. These were then compared
      with the adequacy of their management, as evidenced by the frequency of hospital
      readmissions. In those families in which the child's disease was poorly managed,
      the parents were found to know significantly less about diabetes than those
      parents whose children were well managed. Similarly, those families in which the
      child's management was poor, were found to have a high level of family
      maladjustment, while the parents had a poor attitude towards and were unable to
      accept their child and his disease. It was also found taht diabetic children as a
      whole have a high level of social maladjustment but do not feel they are greatly
      "different" from their fellows.

PMID- 1214681
TI  - The effect of fetal and placental weight at birth on weight during early
      childhood.
AB  - A study of children whose birth weights or placental weights were above the 90th
      or below the 10th percentile for gestational age indicated that bigness at birth
      tends to be an innate quality, as the majority of those who were large at birth
      remained oversized. The small at birth are not all destined to remain diminutive,
      as the children in this category attained a normal distribution curve for weight
      during the first year of life. Thus smallness at birth may represent intrauterine
      nutritional deprivation and be overcome with normal access to calories. The
      influence of the placenta on infant size is temporary and is modified by
      extrauterine nutrition. Thus, although there was a direct relationship between
      birth weight and placental weight, the distribution of weight of children with
      either large or small placentas was not significantly different from the expected
      normal distribution at one year of age.

PMID- 1214683
TI  - Smoking and pregnancy.
AB  - Smoking is associated with decreased fertility in both males and females, an
      increased abortion rate, lowered birth weight, an increased still birth rate and
      probably an increased neonatal death rate. There is also a reduced incidence of
      maternal hypertension (although the babies are at even greater risk), an
      increased incidence of ante-partum haemorrhage, impaired brain development and
      possible teratogenic effects. These effects can be reversed if the mother gives
      up smoking in pregnancy.

PMID- 1214684
TI  - Letter: Acute toe walking syndrome.

PMID- 1214685
TI  - Letter: Melioidosis in Australia.

PMID- 1214686
TI  - Letter: Restless legs: precipitated by beta blockers, relieved by orphenadrine.

PMID- 1214688
TI  - Editorial: Consumers in consultation: what the patients saw.

PMID- 1214687
TI  - Editorial: Spontaneous regression of primary cutaneous melanoma.

PMID- 1214689
TI  - The influence of seat belt wearing on the incidence of severe head injury.
AB  - A retrospective follow-up of patients admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of
      head injury in two sample years, before and after the introduction of legislation
      requiring the use of seat belts, has been undertaken. This shows a marked
      reduction in the incidence of severe head injury following the introduction of
      this legislation.

PMID- 1214690
TI  - Mite populations in sydney household bedding with particular reference to nursery
      sheepskins.
AB  - Samples of dust were collected from three articles of household bedding in twenty
      two Sydney homes during a six-week period beginning in mid December, 1973. Mites,
      sometimes in large numbers, were found in all homes. The mean number of mites
      recovered from nursery sheepskins (all woollen) was thirteen times as high as the
      mean number from other forms of adult or infant bedding sampled. The high mean
      number in sheepskins is the result of massively high populations in seven of the
      eighteen skins sampled. Hospital sheepskins were almost almost uniformly mite
      free. Far fewer mites were collected from cot mattresses which were either vinyl
      topped or covered with a plastic coverslip than were collected from a cot
      mattress with a cotton top alone.

PMID- 1214691
TI  - Stroke rehabilitation. Part I. General Considerations.

PMID- 1214692
TI  - Letter: dangerous sequence of morphine, metoclopramide and naloxone.

PMID- 1214693
TI  - Letter: Clustering of malignant lymphoma and Hodgkin's diseases.

PMID- 1214694
TI  - Letter: Cyclone tracy.

PMID- 1214695
TI  - [Hypoparathyroidismus following L-asparaginase and vaccinia virus infection.
      Effect of hypocalcemia on phagocytosis and the function of lymphocytes].
AB  - Rabbits, treated with injections of 4000 IU of L-Asparaginase, develop the
      clinical and chemical signs of hypoparathyroidism. A simultaneous vaccination
      with vaccinia virus (strain "Elstree") markedly increase the tetanic symptoms
      ("conditioned deficiency"). L-Asparaginase may influence the cellular immunity by
      hypocalcemia. Two mechanisms are discussed: 1. the suppression of the
      phagocytosis, recognizable by the absence of signs for vaccinal allergy by
      deficiency of macrophages in the intradermal test with inactivated small-pox
      vaccine. 2. the inhibition of the PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation caused by
      deficiency of  calcium ions.

PMID- 1214696
TI  - [Isolation of influenza virus "A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2)" from liquor
      cerebrospinalis of patients with CNS involvement (author's transl)].
AB  - Liquor cerebrospinalis of eight patients with central  nervous symptoms were
      tested for influenza virus during the influenza virus epidemic 1971/72. In three
      of these cases influenza virus (A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) was isolated from spinal
      fluid in the embryonated hen egg. These patients showed after influenza like
      prodromi meningo-encephalitis, encephalitis or paranoid psychosis. Possible
      pathomechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 1214697
TI  - [Evaluation of helminth carrier rates among foreign workers (author's transl)].
AB  - The evaluated helminth carrier rate among foreign workers give rise to many
      problems under socio-economic, hygienic and occupational aspects. The evaluation
      of helminth infestation is connected with considerable uncertainty. Based on the
      author's examinations these problems are critically investigated from the point
      of view of both, the employer and the employee. It is shown in tables that in the
      Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology of Wurzburg during 1973/1974 497/702
      respectively faecal examinations were performed among German and foreign
      employees and workers. No difference was noted in the overall positive rates in
      both groups. But there were distinct differences in the species of helminths
      noted: Among the foreign workers mainly Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides
      and Enterobius vermicularis were noted while among Germans Taenia saginata
      prevailed. Noteworthy is the fact, that workers from Turkey and Yugoslavia have
      occasionally three and more species of helminths and pathogenic protozoa in a
      single specimen. Since the helminth species found are not transmitted from man to
      man and since usually the circumstances do not permit a transmission via food,
      such carriers of helminth don't represent a direct danger for man or the
      contamination of foofdstuff. For hygienic reasons however helminth carriers may
      not be acceptable in certain occupations. In case of clinical symptoms the
      treatment of such patients is required for medical reasons. In spite of frequent
      absence of clinical signs the consequent liberation of the carriers from their
      intestinal worms and the sanitation of their personal environment should not be
      neglected.

PMID- 1214698
TI  - [Skin diseases caused by cocci].

PMID- 1214699
TI  - [Medical problems in a developing country, illustrated on the example Tanzania].

PMID- 1214700
TI  - [Letter: Incidence distribution of ski accidents].

PMID- 1214701
TI  - Prinicples of clinical forensic medicine. II. Injuries and wound.

PMID- 1214702
TI  - Absent mind versus guilty and in cases of shoplifting.

PMID- 1214703
TI  - Violence in the family.

PMID- 1214704
TI  - Drink, drugs and driving--a survey.

PMID- 1214705
TI  - The use of children in medical experimentation.

PMID- 1214706
TI  - Clinical and serologic effects of Alice strain live attenuated influenza A (H3N2)
      virus vaccine in an adult population.
AB  - Alice strain live attenuated influenza A (H3N2) virus was evaluated in prison
      volunteers. By random double blind allocation, 94 volunteers received Alice
      strain vaccine (AS) intranasally and 97 received placebo. The vaccine was well
      tolerated, and there was no serious morbidity. The number, type, duration, and
      severity of symptoms was not significantly different between the vaccine and
      placebo groups. Seventy-five per cent of vaccines with initial HAI titers less
      than or equal to 1:8 had 4 fold or greater titer responses on day 30. Placebo
      recipients experienced no titer changes. The GMT among vaccinees increased from
      23.5 prior to vaccination 59.7 30 days later. Surveillance activities failed to
      document influenza A (H3N2) infection in the volunteer population during a 6
      month follow-up period. Additional studies on the protective effects of the
      vaccine are required before efficacy can be determined.

PMID- 1214707
TI  - Permanent canine kidney (MDCK) cells for isolation and plaque assay of influenza
      B viruses.
AB  - A wide range of influenza B virus strains with various passage histories
      uniformly formed well-defined clear plaques with high efficiency in cultures of
      an established line of canine kidney cells (MDCK). PFU titers of the viruses
      assayed in MDCK exceeded the titers assayed in ovo. With recently isolated
      strains such as B/Hong Kong/5/72 and Gifu/2/73, the PFU/EID50 ratios were as high
      as 100 to 400. MDCK cells have been successfully employed for primary isolation
      of influenza B viruses from throat washings of patients by direct plaquing.

PMID- 1214708
TI  - Relationship between measles virus-specific antibody activities and oligoclonal
      IgG in the central nervous system of patients with subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis and multiple sclerosis.
AB  - The association between oligoclonal IgG and measles virus antibodies present in
      cerebrospinal fluid samples or extracts of brain materials from 9 patients with
      subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was studied after electrophoretic separation.
      In all samples there was a good correlation between presence of bands of IgG and
      occurrence of specific antibody activities. The dominating band of oligoclonal
      IgG appeared in all cases to represent antibodies against the nucleocapsid
      antigen. Bands of oligoclonal IgG with a certain antibody activity displayed a
      tendency to occupy a preferential position in the electropherogram. Antibodies
      against the hemolysin and the nucleocapsids had a relatively more cathodic
      position than antibodies against the hemagglutinin. A clear correlation between
      bands of oligoclonal IgG and measles virus-specific antibody activity was not
      found in tests with materials from 4 patients with multiple sclerosis and 1
      patient with myelopathy of unknown cause. However, a heterogeneous distribution
      of different antibody activities in separated material suggested that some
      electrophoretically restricted IgG proteins might carry these activities.

PMID- 1214710
TI  - [Current status and prospects of eradication of taeniarhynchosis in the Soviet
      Union].

PMID- 1214709
TI  - Plaque assay and primary isolation of influenza A viruses in an established line
      of canine kidney cells (MDCK) in the presence of trypsin.
AB  - A wide variety of influenza A viruses, comprising human, equine, porcine, and
      avian strains, grew productively in an established line of canine kidney cells
      (MDCK) under an overlay medium containing trypsin, and formed well-defined
      plaques regardless of their prior passage history. Plaquing efficiency was
      comparable to the efficiency of infection in fertile eggs via allantoic route.
      MDCK cells have also been successfully employed for the primary isolation of
      influenza A virus from throat washings of patients. Parallel titration of several
      clinical specimens showed that the inoculation into MDCK cells followed by
      incubation in the presence of trypsin was an isolation procedure as sensitive as
      the amniotic inoculation into fertile eggs.

PMID- 1214711
TI  - [Indirect hemagglutination test with erythrocytic preparations for the diagnosis
      of cysticercosis in cattle].

PMID- 1214712
TI  - [Capability of ascaris antigen to increase the blood vessel susceptibility to
      adrenaline (Thomas phenomenon)].

PMID- 1214714
TI  - [Comparative prevalence of opisthorchiasis in the population in some areas of the
      Tomsk territory].

PMID- 1214713
TI  - [The subject and sources of medical parasitology].

PMID- 1214716
TI  - [Treatment of schistosomiasis of the urinary bladder with astiban].

PMID- 1214717
TI  - [Action of phytohemagglutinin on the development of Trichinella larvae in
      experimental animals].

PMID- 1214715
TI  - [Acute phase of intestinal schistosomiasis with involvement of the central
      nervous system].

PMID- 1214719
TI  - [Epidemiological situation of tick-borne encephalitis along the route of the
      Baikal-Amur railway and the adjacent areas within Eastern Siberia].

PMID- 1214718
TI  - [Effect of protein diet in an experiment on white mice and on the content of
      polysaccharides in tissues of the cestode Hymenolepis nana (Siebold, 1852)].

PMID- 1214720
TI  - [Multiple viremia in goats following sequential inoculation with tick-borne
      encephalitis virus].

PMID- 1214721
TI  - [Anatomical age changes of empty imago Ixodes ticks (physiological age)].

PMID- 1214722
TI  - [Study of the effect of antibiotics of the group of streptothricin on blood
      sucking mosquitoes. I. The effect of phytobacteriomycin, polymycin and grisine on
      larvae of Culex pipiens molestus Forsk mosquitoes].

PMID- 1214723
TI  - [Reactivation of the effect of repellents applied to cloth].

PMID- 1214724
TI  - [Susceptibility of mosquitoes to imported strains of the causative agent of human
      malaria (survey of the literature)].

PMID- 1214725
TI  - [Demonstration of cercaria of the family Schistosomatidae in the Kiev water
      reservoir].

PMID- 1214726
TI  - [A case of trichinelliasis and cysticercosis in wild boars].

PMID- 1214728
TI  - [Possibility of using solar radiation for dehelminthization of sewage sediments].

PMID- 1214727
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of helminthological methods of
      examinations by Fulleborn and Kato].

PMID- 1214729
TI  - [Possibility of spread of strongyloidiasis among miners in underground
      excavations of iron ore mines in Krivorozhie].

PMID- 1214730
TI  - [Combined parasitism of mermitids and microsporidia in larvae of black flies].

PMID- 1214731
TI  - [Experience with deep hypothermia in the promastigote stage of Leishmania].

PMID- 1214732
TI  - [A case of chronic acquired toxoplasmosis and detection of the causative agent in
      the blood].

PMID- 1214733
TI  - [Features of the transmission mechanisms of causative agents in helminthic
      diseases].

PMID- 1214734
TI  - [Budding of Hymenolepis nana cysticercoids in small intestine villi of mice].

PMID- 1214735
TI  - [Prevalence of cysticercosis in zebu in Tanzania].

PMID- 1214737
TI  - [Regeneration of Hymenolepis nana destroyed by phenasal].

PMID- 1214736
TI  - [Trichinosis in children].

PMID- 1214738
TI  - [A method for isolation of soluble antigen from leishmanial culture].

PMID- 1214739
TI  - [Laboratory cultivation and field trials of a new larviphage in control of
      malaria mosquito larvae].

PMID- 1214740
TI  - [Laboratory cultivation of Aplocheilus latipes (Temmnick and Schlegel) fish].

PMID- 1214741
TI  - [Toxicity of insecticides for mosquito Culex pipiens molestus F. larvae].

PMID- 1214742
TI  - [Toxicology of the repellent N,N-diethylamide phenoxyacetic acid (P-203) and its
      mixtures with dimethylphthalate].

PMID- 1214743
TI  - [Entomological and toxicological evaluation of repellent drugs based on N,N
      diethylamide phenoxyacetic acid (P-203)].

PMID- 1214744
TI  - [The prolonged effect of perfume fixatives and of ethylcellulose in liquid
      repellent compositions].

PMID- 1214745
TI  - [Glycolysis and various reactions of the pentosephosphate pathway in chlorophos
      sensitive and resistant houseflies (Musca domestica L.)].

PMID- 1214746
TI  - [Properties of a bactericidal substance isolated from Ornithodoros papillipes
      tics].

PMID- 1214747
TI  - [Results of trichlosal treatment of patients with taeniarhynchosis in outpatient
      wards].

PMID- 1214748
TI  - [A new method of blood examination for filariasis].

PMID- 1214750
TI  - [Work with schools on the organization of parasitic disease control].

PMID- 1214749
TI  - [Avian ticks attacking humans].

PMID- 1214751
TI  - [Contraction of the hand in epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica and its surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 1214752
TI  - [Incontinency alvi et urinae. Treatment by means of double transplantation of m.
      gracilis].

PMID- 1214754
TI  - [Late results in the surgical treatment of progenia in the area of the mandibular
      ramus].

PMID- 1214753
TI  - [Problem of surgical treatment of megaclitoris in cases of female
      hermaphroditism].

PMID- 1214755
TI  - [Surgical correction of dysgnathism with open bite].

PMID- 1214756
TI  - [Some of our views on the surgical treatment of malignant melanoma].

PMID- 1214757
TI  - [Electric injuries].

PMID- 1214758
TI  - [Our experiences in the treatment of peripheral paralysis of the n. facialis].

PMID- 1214759
TI  - [Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 1214760
TI  - [Primary transplantation of the section of flexible tendon in "nobody's land"].

PMID- 1214761
TI  - [Importance of localization of the malignant skin melanoma in regard to the
      length of survival].

PMID- 1214762
TI  - [Report on cases of carpal tunnel syndrome].

PMID- 1214763
TI  - [Surgical treatment of lymph node tuberculosis of the neck].

PMID- 1214764
TI  - [Sialolithiasis of the submandibular salivary gland].

PMID- 1214765
TI  - [5 years of work with burns (1970-1975)].

PMID- 1214766
TI  - [Difficult opening of the oral cavity as a symptom of various pathological states
      of the body].

PMID- 1214767
TI  - [Cooperation of a neurosurgeon  and plastic surgeon during the surgical treatment
      of encephalocele sincipitalis].

PMID- 1214768
TI  - [Lymphography of the neck].

PMID- 1214769
TI  - [Lateral cysts of the neck].

PMID- 1214770
TI  - Measurement of partial pressure of gases in liquids by mass spectrometry.
AB  - The experimental setup of mass spectrometric determination of gas contents in
      liquids has been modified for continuous and discontinuous measurement of partial
      pressure of gases in liquids. The inlet system consists of a stainless steel
      capillary with slits covered by a silicone rubber membrane. Several gases can be
      measured simultaneously under static conditions and in flowing liquids. The
      measurement and calibration procedure is described. Results of the analysis of
      the test criteria, reproducibility, detection limit, response time, and depletion
      are presented. The difficulties in discontinuous measurement of oxygen in blood
      are explained by the complex permeation-diffusion process at the membrane and the
      form of the dissociation curve. With regard to solubility, physically dissolved
      gases can be determined without problems down to tensions of about 0.01 mm Hg.
      Continuous measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressure in liquids,
      including blood, is possible with the described system.

PMID- 1214771
TI  - Water-vapor-independent inlet system for a respiratory mass spectrometer:
      application to experiments with a human centrifuge.
AB  - When using a two-stage inlet system in mass spectrometric analysis of permanent
      gases, changes of water-vapor partial pressure from inspiration to expiration
      considerably impede the measurements. With this type of gas inlet system, use of
      a mass spectrometer for measurements on a human centrifuge is rather limited.
      Introduction of a water-vapor - independent three-stage inlet system permits
      quantitative analysis of gas mixtures even if the water vapor pressure varies
      quickly with time. The expiratory oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressure
      curves should exemplify that even under extreme acceleration conditions the three
      stage system permits simultaneous and continuous mass spectrometric analysis of
      respiratory gases, with satisfactory response time and a simple experimental
      arrangement. The method described thus opens up new experimental possibilities
      for the investigation or respiratory gas exchange phenomena under acceleration
      conditions.

PMID- 1214772
TI  - Mechanical aspect of the heart sound emission.
AB  - The present paper deals with a physical study of the relation between the
      phonocardiogram and left ventricular pressure (LVP) fluctuations. Fourier
      analysis comparison of the two signals-simultaneously recorded either on
      pathologic human hearts or during experiments on dogs-does not point out an
      obvious relation between the phonocardiogram and a linear combination of the
      first pressure derivatives.-A mechanical model of the heart enabling the
      description of the sound emission mechanism provides a qualitative relation
      between the phonocardiogram and LVP fluctuations: the acceleration of the
      thoracic area is equal to the product of LVP by a time function depending on the
      mechanical properties of the muscle. - A theoretical thoracic acceleration
      obtained by transformation of the experimental LVP is compared with the
      experimental phonocardiogram through linear filtering analysis. The theoretical
      signal is in good agreement with the experimental one.

PMID- 1214773
TI  - Technological progress in pacemaker design: hermetic sealing.
AB  - Clinical statistics covering the life of pacemakers powered by mercury batteries
      show that an average life of 3 years has not yet been obtained. Strangely, the
      life does not seem to depend on the current consumed by the pacemaker, whether of
      the demand or asynchronous type. A study of the behavior of 229 mercury batteries
      discharged in a dry atmosphere showed that 92% of the batteries were still
      functioning after 54-57 months. It is deduced that pacemaker life is shortened by
      the infiltration of moisture into the batteries when molded in an epoxy. - A
      technology for the hermetic encapsulation of a pacemaker is described. This
      technology is applied to both mercury and lithium batteries. The results obtained
      with 5835 instruments over periods of up to 36 months.

PMID- 1214774
TI  - [Clinico-experimental observations on the diuretic activity of the "Currone"
      bicarbonate-alkaline earth medio-mineral water of Belpasso].

PMID- 1214775
TI  - [Biological and toxicological considerations on plastic containers].

PMID- 1214776
TI  - Intragenic recombination at the white locus of Drosophila hydei.
AB  - A fine-structure analysis of the white locus in Drosophila hydei was carried out
      by means of allele recombination. Four mutants, derived from wild type, mapped at
      three subloci. These are possibly homologous to the main subloci 2, 3, and 4 of
      D. melanogaster. Three secondary mutants, derived from the primary wiv allele,
      were located in the proximal part of the gene. One of them appeared as a
      homoallele of the original wiv, whereas the remaining two are better explained
      either as double mutants or as mutants which facilitate irregular exchange.
      Intragenic recombination at the white locus seems to be more frequent in D. hydei
      than in D. melanogaster. The comparatively high incidence is probably a general
      characteristic, common to intragenic and intergenic recombination in D. hydei.

PMID- 1214777
TI  - The starting point and direction of rolling-circle replicative intermediates of
      coliphage lambda DNA.
AB  - Intermediates of lambda DNA replication in the second half of the latent period
      after phage lambda infection were isolated and investigated in the electron
      microscope by denaturation mapping. The isolated replicative forms (RF) are
      predominantly single branched circular DNA. The starting points of replication in
      these lariat molecules located at the same region as the first round lambda DNA
      replication. About 60% of the RF replicate from left to right and the other 40%
      replicate in the reverse direction. The free ends of the tails are located at
      many sites on the lambda genome. Replicating circles with a linear DNA tail
      longer than one unit length of lambda genome represent about 30% of the
      replicating molecules. These long linear tails (concatemers) produced by the
      rolling-circle (Gilbert and Dressler, 1968; Eisen et al., 1968; Skalka et al.,
      1972; Takahashi, 1974) are one of the best candidates for a precursor DNA of
      progeny phage.

PMID- 1214778
TI  - Genetic map of the beginning of the rIIB cistron of bacteriophage T4.
AB  - In this report the herefore uncharacterized mutants at the beginning of the rIIB
      cistron of bacteriophage T4 have been connected to the main part of the map and
      have been shown not to be in any way unusual. The temperature sensitive mutant
      HD263 appears to be the earliest mutant in the cistron.

PMID- 1214779
TI  - Nucleic acid metabolism in yeast. I. Inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis by high
      concentrations of exogenous deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate in 5'-dTMP low
      requiring strains.
AB  - The three haploid yeast strains T2tmpl1-3, T2tmp1-1, and T6tmp1-51 auxotrophic
      for 5'-dTMP differ in their requirement for thymidylate: 72, 16, and 3 mug 5'
      dTMP/ml will restore optimal growth, respectively. Thymidylate low requirement in
      strain T2tmp1-1 and T6tmp1-51 is termed tlrA and tlrC, respectively. When the
      growth medium is made 5 x 10(-4) M for 5'-dTMP only strain T6tmp1-51 is severely
      inhibited in RNA and DNA synthesis. This inhibition is reversible after removal
      of excessive 5'-dTMP. The inhibitory characteristic is in marked contrast to
      "thymineless death" due to the lack of 5'-dTMP in strain T6tmp1-51 where only DNA
      synthesis stops while RNA synthesis continues. The inhibitory effect of 5 x 10(
      4) M 5'-dTMP is not due to the 5'-dTMP auxotrophy but to the thymidylate low
      requiring character (tlrC) in strain T6tmp1-51. The arrest of RNA and DNA
      synthesis by high concentrations of exogenous 5'-dTMP suggests a regulatory role
      of either the mono- or triphosphate on nucleoside or nucleotide biosynthesis in
      yeast.

PMID- 1214780
TI  - Three mRNA populations differing in turnover and processing in mouse liver.
AB  - Using kinetics of approach to steady state labeling, we have found that liver
      poly(A)+ mRNAs fall into three populations, differing in stability and probably
      in processing, as reflected in their dissimilar delays in reaching polyribosomes
      and turnover times. There are mRNA-1 (delay 10 min, half-life 1 hr); mRNA-2(delay
      3 hr, half-life 2 hr); and mRNA-3 (delay 40 min, half-life 2.6 hr). The first two
      species function on free polyribosomes while the third one is operating on bound
      polyribosomes. The populations listed contribute 10,20 and 70%, respectively, to
      the total steady state labeled poly (A)+ mRNAs.

PMID- 1214782
TI  - The kinetics of complex formation of tryptophan containing proteins with
      pyridinium salts.
AB  - Upon preincubation with urea, various 3- or 4-substituted N-methylpyridinium
      salts form charge-transfer complexes with tryptophan containing proteins such as,
      L-chymotrypsin and lysozyme. The complexes were studied by using the difference
      spectrophotometric technique. The fluorescence examination showed that tryptophyl
      residues in protein molecules are engaged in the complex formation process. The
      complex formation reactions proceed at a considerable rate. The stopped-flow
      method was used to determine the pseudo first order rate constants. A linear
      dependence of the pseudo first order rate constants with the donor concentration
      was found. The second order rate constants were obtained by dividing the mean
      value of the pseudo first order rate constants by the initial donor concentration
      for each run. The linear dependence of second order rate constants with the
      electron affinity of the acceptors can serve as a criterion for the formation of
      charge-transfer complexes.

PMID- 1214785
TI  - A simple method for the purification of reticulocyte globin messenger ribonucleic
      acid.
AB  - A relatively simple and inexpensive method has been developed for the preparation
      of highly purified rabbit reticulocyte globin mRNA. After phenol extraction,
      polysomal RNA was chromatographed on Sigmacell type 38 cellulose and Sepharose
      4B. The resulting mRNA preparation has a purity in excess of 90%. No selective
      loss of either alpha or beta globin mRNA is observed.

PMID- 1214784
TI  - The molecular weights of yeast ribosomal precursor RNAs.
AB  - The molecular weights of the predominant rRNA precursors as well as those of 26-S
      and 17-S mature rRNA from Saccharomyces carlsbergensis were determined by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of formamide. Mature 26-S +
      5.8-S rRNA was found to have a molecular weight of 1.24 X 10(6) while their
      immediate precursor, 29-S RNA, had a molecular weight of 1.52 X 10(6). Values of
      0.70 X 10(6) and 0.82 X 10(6) were obtained  for the molecular weights of mature
      17-S rRNA and its 18-S precursor. Finally the 37-S precursor, common to both 29-S
      and 18-S RNA, was found to have a molecular weight of 2.80 X 10(6). Each
      precursor rRNA, therefore, contains extra sequences not found at the next stage
      of maturation.

PMID- 1214781
TI  - Modified 5'-termini in small nuclear RNAs of mouse myeloma cells.
AB  - Nuclei of MPC 11 mouse myeloma cells contain several species of small RNAs
      related to those found in other mammalian cells. These include U1 RNA, about 190
      nucleotides in length and U2 RNA, about 170 nucleotides long. The 5'-termini of
      32P-labelled U1 and U2 RNAs have been investigated by a fingerprinting technique
      involving digestion with T2-ribonuclease. The RNAs were found to have modified 5'
      terminal structures of the form m3G(5')ppp (5')AmpUmpAp for U1 RNA and
      m3G(5')ppp(5')AmpUmpCmpCp for U2 RNA, where m3G is N2, N27-trimethyl guanosine
      and Am and Um are 2'-O-methyl nucleosides. These 5'-terminal sequences are the
      same as those proposed for rat hepatoma U1 and U2 RNAs (Ro-Choi et al., Fed.
      Proc. 33, 1548, 1974) but with triphosphate rather than diphosphate links.

PMID- 1214783
TI  - Structure of rough, smooth, stripped and reconstituted rough membranes derived
      from rat liver as visualized by the freeze fracture technique.
AB  - The structure of purified fractions of rough, smooth, stripped rough and
      reconstituted rough membranes have been investigated by the freeze etching
      technique. Preparations of rough and reconstituted rough membranes, active in
      protein synthesis, show vesicles whose outer surface is covered with ribosome
      like particles. The inner surface of these vesicles contains also numerous
      particles of the same size. The particles located on the outer surface are
      largely absent in the stripped rough membrane preparations which, however, retain
      the particles located on the inner face. Particles were not seen either on the
      outer nor on the inner face of the smooth membranes. The possibility is
      considered that the particles located on the inner face are specific to the rough
      membranes and might play a role in the specific binding of ribosomes to the
      membranes.

PMID- 1214790
TI  - [The types of virus-specific structures in cells of human origin producing
      oncornaviruses].
AB  - In the cell cytoplasm of human tissue cultures Detroit-6 and AO which produce B
      type oncorna-virus, two types of virus-specific structures were revealed.
      Structures of type I were aggregated fibrils of 3 and 6 nm diametre. Structures
      of type II were nucleoids of A-particles of 70-80 nm diametre. They were rather
      well separated from cell components by centrifugation sucrose density gradient
      and repeated centrifugation in the sucrose concentration gradient. Fibrils were
      found in the density regions of the equilibrium gradient of 1.26 and 1.19 g/cm3,
      whereas A-particles were detected in the sones of the density of 1.29 and 1.23
      124 g/cm3. Their sedimentation coefficients in the sucrose concentration
      gradients were about 150S and 250S, respectively. From both structure types
      similar RNA classes were extracted sedimenting in 60S, 45S and 35S regions
      (sucrose concentration gradient). In addition, 20S RNA was found within the 150S
      structures. Both structures sa. However, hydridization degree of RNA isolated
      from both structures with DNA synthesized enzymatically on extracellular various
      (DNA I) and A-particles (DNA II) was different. With DNA-I, 50-80% of RNA
      isolated from the type I structures and less than 20% of RNA extracted from the
      type II structures were hybridized. At the same time, strictly opposite situation
      (50-80% of RNA II and 20% of RNA I) was observed for DNA-II. These data show lack
      of genetic connection between these types of cytoplasmic structures and possible
      role of type I structures in reproduction of oncorna-virus type B.

PMID- 1214792
TI  - [Calculations of conformation for mononucleotides and dinucleotides].

PMID- 1214794
TI  - [Calculation of DNA molecule packing in crystals by the method of atom-atom
      potentials I. B-form of DNA].
AB  - The van-der-Waals interaction of DNA molecules in the B-form has been studied by
      the method of atom-atom potentials. This study was carried out to clarify to what
      degree does this interaction determinate packing of DNA molecules in a crystal
      lattice. Interaction energy of two parallel molecules has been calculated as a
      function of 4 parameters (interaxial distance, axial shift, screw rotation of
      molecules). Energy as a function of these parameters is shown to have two minima,
      one of them exactly corresponding to mutual arrangement of DNA molecules in the
      lattice determined from X-ray data.

PMID- 1214795
TI  - [Migration of electron excitation energy in mixed associates of chlorophyll and
      its derivatives].
AB  - The intracomplex migration is investigated of electron excitation energy between
      molecules which are a part of a mixed associate. Weakly fluorescent and
      nonfluorescent associates of chlorophyll and its analogues as well as of
      bacteriochlorophyll and neoxanthine have been used as donors and acceptors. The
      migration of excitation energy with variation of quantum yield of donor emission
      from 5-10(-3) to less than or equal to 10(-4) and also with very weak overlapping
      of luminescence and absorption spectra for the pair D leads to A is
      experimentally discovered by luminescence excitation spectra of mixed pigment
      aggregates. A specific disturbing action of Pd and Cu ions on chlorophyll a
      luminescence with formation of mixed complexes of chlorophyll with Pd-pheophytin
      a and Cu-pheophytin b is observed. The presence of Pd and Cu ions in the
      structure of the mixed complexes gives rise to a considerable reduction of
      chlorophyll apparently due to increasing intersystem crossing probability in the
      chlorophyll molecule. The probability of intracomplex energy migration in systems
      under investigation amounts to approximately 10(12) sec-1 according to the
      obtained estimations. The probable mechanism of energy migration in mixed
      associates is discussed. The obtained results may be used for elucidation of a
      possible role of the mixed aggregates and effective intracomplex migration of
      excitation energy in photosynthetic apparatus of green plants.

PMID- 1214796
TI  - [Kinetic behavior of slowly equilibrating association-dissociation enzyme
      systems].
AB  - The shape of the plots of product accumulation versus time (t) has been analysed
      for slowly equilibrating association-dissociation enzyme systems of the types 2p
      in equilibrium P (P is enzyme oligomer which is able to dissociate reversibly
      forming two identical halves p) and M in equilibrium M2 in equilibrium M2 in
      equilibrium... (M is monomer which has two association sites overlapping with
      active sites). It is assumed that the rate of equilibration between oligomeric
      forms is comparable with the rate of over-all enzymatic reaction and that
      substrate-oligomer complexes are in rapid equilibrium with free components. It
      has been shown that characteristic feature of kinetic behavior of slowly
      equilibrating association-dissociation enzyme systems is that the value of tau
      depends on enzyme concentration (tau is the intercept on t-axis for linear
      asymptota of the curve of product concentration versus time at t leads to
      infinity).

PMID- 1214797
TI  - [Effect of DEAE-dextran upon the interaction of polynucleotides in poly (l+c)
      double complex].
AB  - It has been shown that the formation of poly(I+C) double complex is accompanied
      by appearance of the 244 nm CD band which is absent from the spectrum of the
      initial components. The amplitude of this CD band is maximum upon equimolar ratio
      of components. When one mixes the complementary polynucleotides bound to DEAE
      dextran (D-d) double comples is not formed. CD spectrum of poly (I+C) double
      complex is changed considerably upon addition of D-d: CD increases when P/N ratio
      is 10:1, decreases at P/N 1:1 and comes back to the initial spectrum at P/N 1:5.
      Thermal dissociation of poly(I+C) when the anionic component was in surplus was
      similar to poly(I+C) alone (Tm equals 67 degrees) when the polydextran was in
      excess; the thermal dissociation was lower (Tm equals 43 degrees) than that of
      poly (I+C). It is discussed the possible mechanism of the D-d and poly (I+C)
      interaction.

PMID- 1214798
TI  - [Secondary structure of DNA from T4 and T6 phages].
AB  - The secondary structure of NaDNA from E. coli T4 and T6 phages has been studied
      by the X-ray diffraction method. Molecules of these DNAs as well as T2 phage DNA
      molecules contain hydroxymethylcytosine glucosylated at different position
      instead of cytosine. At high relative humidity these DNAs are shown to exist in B
      conformaion. As humidity decreases the transformation into T=conformation takes
      place in the T4 phage DNA whereas in the T6 phage DNA changes of secondary
      structure similar to B-T transformation occur which do not result however in the
      appearance of all the characteristics of the T-conformation.

PMID- 1214799
TI  - [Fluorescence of myosin and its subunits in concentrated salt solutions].
AB  - The parameters of fluorescence spectra of myosin and its subunits in Tris-HCl
      buffer (pH 7.2) were studied. Analysis of the experimental results of myosin
      fluorescence quenching with I-ions and the quantum yield of the fluorescence at
      the excitation wavelength 296 nm shows that the greater part of the tryptophan
      residues (21 out of 28) is located in the hydrophylic environment. Concentrated
      solutions of NaCl and KCl do not affect myosin fluorescence, while LiCl, which
      changes the quaternary structure of the protein, brings about a change in the
      parameters of the myosin fluorescence spectra. This may be linked with structural
      changes accompanying the dissociation of the ligh subunits of myosin in the
      presence of LiCl.

PMID- 1214800
TI  - [A compact form of DNA in solution. III. Influence of the ion composition of the
      solution on the compactization process of double-stranded DNA in the presence of
      peg].
AB  - The data showing the features of the DNA compactization process in PEG-containing
      solutions of chlorides of different alkaline metals (LiCl, KCl, RbCl and CsCl)
      and an ammonium salt (CH3-(CH2)17-N-(CH3)3Br) are presented. The data indicate
      that the formation of a compact form of the double-stranded DNA in PEG-containing
      water-salt solutions depends not only on the PEG concentration and ionic strength
      but on tha cation nature as well. The compactization occurs most easily in the
      presence of Na+-ions. This indicates a specific character of interaction between
      Na+-ions and DNA phosphate groups which may be due to an optimum structural fit
      between the hydrated Na+-ions and orientation of the phosphate groups in the DNA
      molecule. The nature of forces involved in the processes of the intramolecular
      compactization and intermolecular aggregation of double-stranded DNA molecules in
      water-salt solution is discussed. The difference between the effect of Na+ and
      that of K+-ions on the compactization process at the ionic strengths close to
      physiological values makes it possible to suggest that the changes of the
      tertiary structure of double-stranded DNA which accompany its function in vivo
      may take place under conditions of a decreased water activity at the expense of
      relatively slight changes in ion composition of the water surrounding DNA.

PMID- 1214801
TI  - [Application of x-ray analysis for the study of the orientation in DNP films].
AB  - A planar texture in dried film samples of DNP was found by X-ray study. Axes of
      DNA macromolecules are located in the film plane and the 77 A reflection is
      directed along this axis. Periodic structures corresponding to 55 and 34 A are
      packed parallel to the film plane. The results obtained do not contradict with a
      supercoil DNP model, however they all allow other possible packing models of DNP
      molecules, in particular, histone layers alternating with DNA layers in oriented
      films.

PMID- 1214802
TI  - [Some properties of 1 P+f bacteriophage for Bacillus brevis var. G.-B and its
      nucleic acid].
AB  - The 1 P+f phage, a virulent mutant of the moderate P+ phage for Bac. brevis var.
      G.-B., consists of a hexagonal head (90x90 nm) and a long non-contractile tail
      (340 nm). This phage is characterized by a relatively long latent period (90-110
      min) and a low yield (40-50 particles per cell). The 1P+f phage is quite stable
      at pH values from 1 to 11, insensitive to osmotic shock, treatment with
      chloroform and acridine orange. The sensitivity of the phage to thermal treatment
      and UV-radiation has been studied. The nucleic acid of the P+f phage is double
      stranded DNA of AT-type (GC equals 34.5 mole %) which contains 5-methylcytosine
      (0.18 mole %) and N6-methyladenine (0.32 mole%). The level of methylation of
      cytosine and adenine residues in DNA of the 1 P+f phage does not depend on the
      host studied (Bac. brevis, P- and S variants). The specificity of methylation of
      cytosine residues in the S and P- cells appears to be the same. DNA of the 1 P+f
      phage strongly differs from DNA of the host in nucleotide composition (GC equals
      45.7 mole %). Nevertheless, phage DNA is very similar to DNA from Bac. subtilis
      in the character of pyrimidine distribution (the amount of different pyrimidine
      isopliths). This may testify to a somewhat common character of the nucleotide
      sequence organization in DNA of the phage and its host.

PMID- 1214803
TI  - [Theoretical study of the hypochromic effect in polynucleotides].
AB  - The first UV-absorption band hypochromicity of poly(dA)-poly(dT), poly(dG)
      poly(dC), poly(dA), poly(dT), poly(dG), poly(dC), is calculated with the help of
      the perturbation theory. The wave functions of the bases are computed by Pariser-
      Parr--Pople's method taking into account all the singly excited configurations.
      The results obtained show a good correlation between the theoretical and
      experimental values of hypochromicity. A considerable influence of the vaccum
      electron transitions on the hypochromicity of polynucleotides is revealed. The
      origin of the hypochromic effect in the double-stranded polynucleotides is
      investigated. It is shown that intrastrand interactions between the bases make
      the main contribution to hypochromicity (60-76%), while the contribution of the
      Watson-Crick pairs is small (2-12%). The essential part of hypochromicity (22
      28%) is due to the interstrand interactions between the bases which are not
      coupled by hydrogen bonds. The discussion of the experimental data shows that the
      present theoretical investigation could serve as a basis for correct treatment of
      experimental results.

PMID- 1214804
TI  - [A code governing specific binding of regulatory proteins to DNA and structure of
      stereospecific sites of regulatory proteins].
AB  - A model is proposed for the structure of stereospecific sites in regulatory
      proteins. On its basis a possible code is suggested that governs the binding of
      regulatory proteins at specific control sites on DNA. Stereospecific sites of
      regulatory proteins are assumed to contain pairs of antiparallel polypeptide
      chain segments which form a right-hand twisted antiparallel beta-sheet, with
      single-stranded regions at the ends of the beta-structure. The model predicts
      that binding reaction between a regulatory protein and double-helical DNA is a
      cooperative phenomenon and is accompanied by significant structural alteration at
      the stereospecific site of the protein. Half of hydrogen bonds normally existing
      in beta-structure are broken upon complex formation with DNA and a new set of
      hydrogen bonds is formed between polypeptide amide groups and DNA base pairs. In
      a stereospecific site, one chain (t-chain) is attached through hydrogen bonds to
      the carbonyl oxygens of pyramides and N3 adenines lying in one DNA strand, while
      the second polypeptide chain (g chain) is hydrogen bonded to the 2-amino groups
      of guanine residues lying in the opposite DNA strand. The amide groups serve as
      specific reaction sites being hydrogen bond acceptors in g-chain and hydrogen
      bond donors in t-chain. The single-stranded portions of t- and g-chains lying in
      neighbouring subunits of regulatory protein interact with each other forming
      deformed beta-sheets. The recognition of regulatory sequences by proteins is
      based on the structural complementarity between stereospecific sites of
      regulatory proteins and base pairs sequences at the control sites. An essential
      feature of these sequences is the asymmetrical distribution of guanine residues
      between the two DNA strands. The code predicts that there are six fundamental
      amino acid residues (serine, threonine, asparagine, histidine, glutamine and
      cysteine) whose sequence in stereospecific site determines the base pair sequence
      to which a given regulatory protein would bind preferentially. The code states a
      correspondence between four amino acid residues at the stereospecific site of
      regulatory protein with the two residues being in t- and g-segments,
      respectively, and AT(GC) base pair at the control site. It is thus possible to
      determine which amino acid residues in the repressor and which base pairs in the
      operator DNA are involved in specific interactions with each other, as
      exemplified by lac repressor binding to lac operator.

PMID- 1214805
TI  - [The secondary structure of nucleotidyl-(5' bound to N)-amino acids containing
      different heterocyclic bases and amino acids].
AB  - Nucleotidyl-(5' leads to N)-amino acids containing different heterocycle bases:
      adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, cytosine, uracyl, and aromatic amino acids:
      phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, have been investigated by proton magnetic
      resonance and circular dichroism. For all the compounds studied folded
      conformation have been shown stabilized by hydrophobic interaction in aqueous
      solution. The comparison of the results of the studied nucleotidyl-(5' leads to
      N)-amino acids unable us to build four secondary structure types in these very
      compounds. Phenylalanine and tyrosine derivatives of purine nucleotides can be
      regarded as the first type, tryptophan derivatives of purine nucleotides as the
      second type, phenylalanine and tyrosine derivatives of pyrimidine nucleotides as
      the third type and tryptophan derivatives of pyrimidine nucleotides as the fourth
      type. For each group of these compounds conformational models have been built. In
      all these compounds the anti-conformation has been proved to exist.

PMID- 1214806
TI  - [Interaction of chromatin non-histone proteins with homologous and heterologous
      DNA].
AB  - The interaction of different preparations of chromatin non-histone proteins (NHP)
      isolated from rat liver and thymus with homologous and heterologous DNA was
      studied by a membrane filter technique. All the NHP preparations studied form
      complexes with DNA in 0.02 tris-HCl (pH 7.5)--3 mM MgCl2. Denatured DNA binds NHP
      more effectively than native NDA. The largest part of NHP which interacts with
      DNA is bound to the latter non-specifically. A small part of NHP interacts
      specifically with homologous native DNA in 5 M urea. Specific binding of NHP to
      denaturate DNA is shown both in the presence of urea and in its absence. The data
      obtained are discussed in the light of a possible role of NHP in the specific
      regulation of transcription process.

PMID- 1214808
TI  - [A study of ratios between histone fractions].
AB  - The amount of individual fractions in the whole histone isolated from the blood
      of hen, frog (Rana ridibunda), bream (Abramis brama), from rat thymus and from
      the locust (Schistocerca gregaris) was studied quantitatively. It is shown that
      the ratios between fractions F2a1, F2b, F2a2 and F3 are fixed. The share of each
      fraction in the sum of fractions F2a1, F2b, F2a2, F3 was found to be
      approximately 22.5, 30.5, 21.0 and 26.0 per cent, respectively. The share of the
      fraction F1 can variate within a rather wide range.

PMID- 1214807
TI  - [Studies on DNA bound to histones in chromatin].
AB  - Regions of DNA protected by histones against the action of DNAse 1 in the
      chromatin were isolated. Such DNA fragments ("subhistones" DNA) have 80% double
      helix structure, their nucleotide composition is close to that of total DNA, and
      their sedimentation constant is within the range of 2-2.7S for completely
      denatured molecules. Kinetics of renaturation of "subhistone" DNA was studied:
      within a wide range of Cot values, renaturation curves of total and "subhistone"
      DNA are almost identical. According to the data on hybridization with nuclear d
      RNA, "subhistone" DNA is transcribed in the cell. The data obtained witness for
      uniform character of distribution of histones along the DNA chain in the
      chromatin. DNA sites which are active in RNA synthesis seem to be bound to
      histones as well as the non-active ones. No significant difference was found in
      the hybridization of "subhistone" DNA from rat liver and thymus with ibver
      nuclear RNA.

PMID- 1214809
TI  - [Theoretical conformational analysis of methylamide N-acetyl-L-arginine].
AB  - The spatial structure of methylamide N-acetyl-L-argine was studied taking into
      account the non-valent and electrostati interactions, the torsion energy, and the
      distorsion of valency angles. Calculation of the favourable conformations of the
      molecule was carried out with the use of all the combinations of angles phi, psi,
      chi1 divided by chi4 as an intital approximation. These correspond to the low
      energy forms of the main chain and to the minima of the torsion potentials of the
      side chain. Conformational possibilities of arginine and lysine were compared.
      The calculated stable conformation of N-acetyl-L-arginine-methylamide are
      compared with the geometry of arginine residues in the proteins with known
      structure.

PMID- 1214810
TI  - [Analysis of the structure of DNA cistrons coding proteins with known sequences].
AB  - Proceeding from the amino acid sequence of a number of proteins, with the help of
      a special computer program we have determined the frequency of pyrimidine
      isopliths of different length, the degree of clustering and the degree of
      asymmetry of complementary chains of the corresponding DNA cistrons, as well as
      the range of variation of these parametres which depends on the code degeneracy.
      The degree of asymmetry of the chains of DNA cistrons (H/L), calculated for 255
      proteins of a known composition, may vary from 0.7 to 1.8. For 90% of these
      proteins the mean Py/Pu ratio in the coding chain of DNA is above 1. The
      conclusion has been made that the majority of amino acids contained in the
      proteins is coded for by purine triplets. It was found that the distribution of
      pyrimidine isopliths between DNA cistrons coding for different proteins is other
      than random and has a "DNA-like" character. The degree of clustering of
      pyrimidines (beta) in cistrons of different proteins may vary from 6.0 to 14.3.
      The cistrons of some proteins were found to contain long lyrimidine fragments
      with about 24 residues. A positive correlation (r2 = 0.74) was found to exist
      between the degree of clustering of pyrimidines and the degree of asymmetry of
      the chains corresponding to different proteins of DNA cistrons.

PMID- 1214811
TI  - [The role of local hydrogen bonds in formation of irregular regions of globular
      protein polypeptide chains].
AB  - An assumption is made on the substantial role of local hydrogen bonds in
      formation of irregular regions of globular protein polypeptide chains. The
      statistics of the amino acid composition of irregular regions is examined from
      this point of view. A statistical analysis of side group-backbone hydrogen bonds
      is carried out for three proteins: alpha-chy-motrypsin, lysozyme and myoglobin.
      It is shown that short side groups participate in formation of local hydrogen
      bonds more often than long ones. Conformations of amino acid residues in the
      first and the last positions are studied in beta-bends of 9 proteins. It is shown
      that over 70% of these residues are in conformations corresponding to the
      formation of local hydrogen bonds of three types: backbone-backbone, side
      groupbackbone, backbone-water molecule-backbone. Thus, the participation of the
      cooperative hydrogen-bonding network in stabilization of beta-bends is
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1214812
TI  - [Effect of low-molecular amines on DNA conformation and stability of the double
      helix].
AB  - Interaction of low-molecular amines (cystamine, cysteamine, cystaphose,
      asparagine, beta-alanine) with DNA was studied. The amines change the positive
      circular dichroism (CD) band of DNA as well as temperature and range width of
      melting. Effect of amines on DNA depends on ionic strength of the solvent,
      concentration and structure of the ligand. Monamines cause destabilization of DNA
      double helix followed by stabilization as ligand concentration increases. At
      concentrations stabilizing the double helix DNA conformation undergoes transition
      from the B- to C-form. The results obtained enable to relate the stabilizing
      effect of low-molecular amines and conformational B leads to C-transition to the
      non-specific interaction of ligand amino groups with DNA phosphates, and the
      destabilizing effect of monoamines of low concentrations to their interaction
      with bases, mainly in the denaturated sites of DNA. It is proposed that a
      stronger effectiveness of amines as compared to monovalent metals in the
      conformational shift of DNA towards the C-form is due to the additional effect of
      disturbance of hydrophobic interactions in DNA double helix.

PMID- 1214813
TI  - [The influence of complementary base pair interactions on secondary structure
      formation and conformational transitions in polynucleotides].
AB  - The calculations have been carried out of interaction energy between
      complementary base pairs of nucleic acids in the function of conformational
      parametres of double helix (Arnott's parameters) by the method of atom-atom
      potential functions. Interaction energy as a function of conformational
      parametres is valley-like and varies little along the bottom of the valley. The
      regions of interaction energy minima are compared with experimentally determined
      conformational parametres of nucleic acid double helices. On the basis of
      calculation results the pathways of conformational transitions between different
      forms of double-helical polynucleotides are discussed.

PMID- 1214814
TI  - [The surface layer of the protein globule. Hydration of the alpha-chymotrypsin
      molecule].
AB  - The surface of the alpha-chymotrypsin globule is investigated using a three
      dimensional model of the molecule, constructed on the basis of X-ray data by
      sectioning the space of the protein globule in cubic elements with a step of 3 A.
      The surface layer contains about 55% of the overall globule volume. The atomic
      density of so defined surface was found to be approximately equal to that in the
      inner part of the globule. Topographical maps of the alpha-chymotrypsin surface
      were drawn and an analysis of the distribution of polar and unpolar atoms and
      groups on the surface and in the inner part of the globule was carried out. Some
      conclusions drawn from the atomic density, energetic and structural heterogeneity
      of the surface and concerning the conformational integrity and functional
      activity of alpha-chymotrypsin molecule are presented. Some aspects of the
      protein hydration problem are discussed and a structural model of the alpha
      chymotrypsin hydratation shell is proposed, the main features of which are
      amorphism and the lack of long-range effect on the structure of water around the
      hydrated protein globule.

PMID- 1214816
TI  - [Special aspects in the treatment of fractures in childhood].

PMID- 1214815
TI  - [Study of DNA melting in the region of the inversion of relative stability of AT
      and GC pairs].
AB  - Systematic data on the dependence of the melting curve parameters of DNA from
      different organisms on the concentration of salt (C2H5)5NBr have been obtained.
      The melting curves were studied by spectrophotometric as well as by
      microcalorimetric methods. The DNA melting range width is shown to pass through
      the minimum value delta0T = 0.6 +/- 0.1 degrees at the point of inversion of
      relative stability of AT and GC pairs that corresponds to the concentration of
      (C2H5)4NBr equal to 2.9 +/- 0.1 M. This concentration, as well as the value of
      delta0T, are the same for different DNA's of common chemical structure. The T2
      and T4 DNA containing hydroxymethylated and glucosylated cytosine residues show
      an anomalous behaviour. The enthalpy of melting falls very slowly as the salt
      concentration increases. The possible causes of the observed value of delta0T are
      discussed. A conclusion is drawn that the main factor which governs the DNA
      melting process in the region of inversion of the relative stability of AT and GC
      pairs is the heterogeneity of stacking interaction between different base pairs.

PMID- 1214817
TI  - [Methods of osteosynthesis in childhood fractures].

PMID- 1214819
TI  - [False position and pseudarthrosis].

PMID- 1214818
TI  - [Injuries of epiphyses during the age of growth].

PMID- 1214820
TI  - [Pathological fractures and their treatment].

PMID- 1214821
TI  - Trisomy and triploidy induced by X-irradiation of mouse spermatocytes.
AB  - Analysis of second meiotic metaphase divisions in control and irradiated male
      mice shows that while the spontaneous rates of autosomal and sex chromosomal
      anaphase I non-disjunction are extremely low, they can be enhanced by X ray
      treatment of prophase spermatocytes. Irradiation at pre-leptotene results in a
      higher rate of anaphase I non-disjunction than does irradiation at pachytene.
      Early spermatogonia are relatively insensitive. Experiments to detect trisomic
      progeny among the F1 foetal offspring of male mice mated during weeks 5 and 6
      following irradiation (sampling of irradiated early spermatocytes and late
      spermatogonia) showed that none were present. Possible explanations for this are
      considered. Two triploid foetuses were however found.

PMID- 1214823
TI  - Repair by human cells of adenovirus-2 damaged by psoralen plus near ultraviolet
      light treatment.
AB  - Adenovirus-2 is damaged by treatment with psoralen plus near-ultraviolet (UV)
      light is shown by reduced ability to infect human fibroblasts. The apparent
      sensitivity of the virus to this treatment depended upon the strain of cells
      used. The virus was 3-4 times more sensitive to the treatment when infecting
      xeroderma pigmentosum (XP complementation groups A or D) fibroblasts than when
      infecting normal fibroblasts. DNA extracted from virus preparations that had
      undergone such treatment was analyzed for treatment-induced crosslinks by gel
      electrophoresis and sedimentation in alkaline sucrose gradients. The fraction of
      adenovirus DNA molecules remaining non-crosslinked after treatment was found to
      correlate with the survival of the virus in normal fibroblasts. This result
      showed that the psoralen plus near-UV treatment gave rise to non-crosslink
      lesions (presumably psoralen-DNA mono-adducts), that were repairable by normal
      but not by XP fibroblasts, and suggested the possibility that normal fibroblasts
      cannot repair this type of crosslink in the DNA of an infecting adenovirion.

PMID- 1214822
TI  - Premature chromosome condensation, structural chromosome aberrations, and
      micronuclei in early mouse embryos after treatment of paternal postmeiotic germ
      cells with triethylenemelamine: possible mechanisms for chemically induced
      dominant-lethal mutatiions.
AB  - Cytogenetic effects in preimplantation 4-8-cell mouse embryos have been
      investigated after treating paternal postmeiotic germ cells with
      triethylenemelamine (TEM). Dose-levels of TEM which do not affect fertilization
      but yield high incidence of dominant-lethal mutations in sperm and spermatids
      were shown to produce relatively high frequencies of (a) premature chromosome
      condensation (PCC), (b) structural chromosome anomalies (breakage-reunion
      phenomena), and (c) micronuclei in these embryos. The results indicate that
      genetic death of embryos is mainly due to imbalance (i.e. loss) of genetic
      material, either from breaks leading to lagging fragments and micronuclei, or
      from the segregation of various types of exchange figures (dicentrics, rings
      etc.) resulting in mechanical disturbances of cleavage division. It is suggested
      that PCC, to some extent, is an expression of TEM-induced long-lived lesions
      which, transmitted into the egg, prevent the chromosomes in question from
      replicating and/or condensing normally. This phenomenon could well be associated
      with loss of chromosome material resulting in embryonic death.

PMID- 1214824
TI  - Caffeine inhibition of the repair of ultraviolet-irradiated adenovirus in human
      cells.
AB  - Caffeine is shown to block repair of ultraviolet-irradiated adenovirus 2 when the
      irradiated virus infects normal human fibroblasts from a xeroderma pigmentosum
      (XP) variant. Such blockage is not observed when the irradiated virus infects XP
      fibroblasts belonging to XP complementation group A. Thus normal and XP variant
      cells have a caffeine-sensitive repair process. This may be either excision or an
      excision dependent repair process because fibroblasts belonging to XP
      complementation group A are believed to lack the excision repair process.

PMID- 1214825
TI  - The influence of caffeine on cell survival in excision-proficient and excision
      deficient xeroderma pigmentosum and normal human cell strains following
      ultraviolet-light irradiation.
AB  - A uniform response to UV of four normal cell strains was demonstrated. One
      excision-proficient xeroderma pigmentosum variant strain (XP7TA) had a wild-type
      UV response but a second (XP30RO) was more sensitive. An excision-deficient
      xeroderma pigmentosum strain XP4L0 was substantially more sensitive than wild
      type cell strains. A continuous post-irradiation treatment with non-toxic levels
      of caffeine enhanced the lethal effect of UV light in both xeroderma pigmentosum
      variant cell strains but not in cells from normal individuals. There was no
      detectable effect on cells from a xeroderma pigmentosum individual from
      complementation group A. These results correlate well with observations on the
      influence of caffeine on post-replication repair in the three classes of cells.

PMID- 1214826
TI  - Potentiation by caffeine of ultraviolet-light damage in cultured human cells.
AB  - Five cultured human cell lines (T-1 kidney, Chang liver, H.Ep. No. 2, HeLa-S3 and
      HeLa-O) were irradiated with ultraviolet light and immediately exposed to 1.0 and
      3.0 mM caffeine for 44 h thereafter. This caffeine treatment reduced the
      surviving fraction (assayed by colony formation) of the irradiated population,
      but did not significantly reduce the colony-forming ability of unirradiated
      control cells. These findings suggest that many cultured human cell lines exhibit
      post-UV potentiation of potentially lethal damage by caffeine.

PMID- 1214827
TI  - DNA strained breakage repair in ataxia telangiectasia fibroblast-like cells.
AB  - Human diploid fibroblast-like cells derived from four patients with the genetic
      disease ataxia telangiectasia and from two non-mutant donors were examined for
      the repair of X-ray induced strand breaks in DNA. The ataxia telangiectasia
      cultures showed no significant differences from the non-mutant cultures in the
      kinetics and extent of strand repair. This suggests that the increased
      spontaneous and X-ray induced chromatid aberrations observed in ataxia
      telangiectasia cells are not caused by a defect in the repair of single strand
      breaks as might be suspected from a general model of aberration production.

PMID- 1214828
TI  - On the relationship between spontaneous mutation rates in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - Recent estimates of spontaneous mutation rates in man, in which previous sources
      of bias are corrected, indicate that the average is about 3 x 10(-7) per locus
      per generation, a much lower figure than is generally accepted. Assuming 100 to
      1000 cell divisions between each gametic union, this information predicts that
      cellular mutation rats should be in the order of 10(-9) per locus per generation.
      Since none of the mutation rates measured in cultured cells are this low (average
      for seven characters equals 7 x 10(-7)), the size of mutation rates in cultured
      cells cannot be used to substantiate the claim of epigenetic inheritance.
      Furthermore, this information suggests that in multicellular organisms the
      germinal tissue is sequestered from mutagenic insult or subjected to selection
      against mutational damage so as to keep the genetic load of a species at a
      tolerable level. Alternatively, cell culture environments may present an
      extremely abnormal situation to somatic cells, thus elevating the mutation rate.

PMID- 1214829
TI  - The mutagenic activity of diepoxybutane in yeast.

PMID- 1214830
TI  - The selection and induction of 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine and thymidine variants of
      P388 mouse lymphoma cells with agents which are used for selection.

PMID- 1214832
TI  - Continuous induction of chromatid lesions by DNA-intercalating compounds.

PMID- 1214831
TI  - Attempts to produce systems for isolating spontaneous and induced variants in
      various mouse lymphoma cells using a varity of selective agents.

PMID- 1214833
TI  - The perfect state of Microsporum amazonicum.

PMID- 1214834
TI  - Effect of temperature and relative humidity on spore germination of mycotoxic
      species of Aspergillus and Penicillium.

PMID- 1214835
TI  - Temperature and light effect on contamination and spore germination of vesicular
      arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

PMID- 1214836
TI  - Carbenicillin as an aid in obtaining bacteria-free cultures of Saprolegnia
      species.

PMID- 1214837
TI  - Sporulation by Ustilago enneapogonis in axenic culture.

PMID- 1214838
TI  - A simplified method for sporangial production by Phytophthora cinnamomi.

PMID- 1214839
TI  - [Fungal flora isolated in Lausanne from 1967 till 1970].

PMID- 1214840
TI  - Dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi recovered from small mammals in
      India.

PMID- 1214841
TI  - [The clinical course of a chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis under clotrimazole
      and 5-fluorocytosine treatment].

PMID- 1214842
TI  - [Study of the attraction exerted by various fungi on Tyrophagus putrescentiae
      (Schrank, 1781) by means of the cross test].

PMID- 1214843
TI  - Candida slooffii in human ventricle--a case report.

PMID- 1214844
TI  - [The incidence of yeasts during mass screening of the Bundeswehr soldiers].

PMID- 1214845
TI  - Sorosporium consanguineum: relation between variable nuclear condition and
      dissociation.
AB  - Saprophytic development of Sorosporium consanguineum and its nuclear cycle were
      studied on laboratory media. During vegetative reproduction, the nuclei of the
      monokaryotic sporidia were shown to first migrate into developing bud cells where
      division occurs, one nucleus returning to the parent cell prior to completion of
      cell division. Following fusion of sporidia of opposite mating type and
      subsequent formation of infection hyphae, dikaryons eventually dissociated,
      giving rise to sporidia of both sex groups in the process. As a result of
      dissociation, shown to occur in several ways, "satellite" sporidial colonies
      characteristically formed in advance of the parent colony and fusions again
      occurred between sporidia of opposite mating type. Reports of variable nuclear
      condition of mycelia in other species of smut fungi in culture are discussed in
      light of these findings.

PMID- 1214846
TI  - [Hospital infection of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in infants and small
      children].
AB  - Routine histological investigations of the lungs of 38 children led to the
      discovery during the second half of 1970 of 4 cases of pulmonary aspergillosis in
      hospitalized children between 3 1/2 weeks and 2 years of age. Those cases
      represented 10.5% of all children, autopsiated during this period with an
      hospitalization period of more than 7 days. In two cases Aspergillus filaments
      did not invade pulmonary tissue, but in the two other cases Aspergillus mycelium
      had invaded the walls of adjacent pulmonary arteries with resultant arteritis,
      thrombosis and hemorrhagic infarction. The author believes, that the mycoses were
      acquired by inhalation of contaminated air. But he can not base this supposition
      of factual evidence.

PMID- 1214847
TI  - Distributional patterns of mesophilous and thermophilous microfungi in two
      Bahamian soils.
AB  - This study focuses on the characteristics displayed by mesophilous and
      thermophilous microfungal populations occurring in two tropical monodominant
      plant communities, a Cocos nucifera grove and a Casuarina equisetifolia forest,
      that provide distinctly different edaphic conditions. The mesophilous population
      sampled at 25 degrees C by the dilution plate method and the thermophilous
      population that developed on soil plates incubated at 45 degrees C consisted of
      1693 isolates representing 60 species and 29 genera and 8887 isolates
      representing 20 species and 10 genera, respectively. The mesophilous propagules
      averaged 9,990 per gram dry soil in the coconut grove that lacks a litter layer,
      is low in moisture and organic matter and is subjected to high solar irradiation.
      The population was characterized by the prevalence of aspergilli and dematiaceous
      sphaeropsidaceous forms and the near absence of mucoraceous isolates. Ascomycetes
      were common. The only widespread taxa were the three species, Aspergillus niger,
      Penicillium chysogenum, and Cladosporium cladosporioides. Species diversity was
      high and 73% of the isolates were cellulolytic. In the casuarina forest, adequate
      moisture and organic matter and a protecting litter layer provide a mesic
      environment. The mean number of mesophilous fungi per gram dry soil was 32,800.
      This figure is considerably lower than ones reported for mesic temperate
      communities and may be due to more rapid propagule removal through accelerated
      microfaunal and microbial activity. An abundance of mucoraceous and moniliaceous
      isolates and penicillia, and the rarity of aspergilli, dematiaceous
      sphaeropsidaceous forms and ascomycetes characterize the population. The
      infrequency of aspergilli is thought to be due to their poor competitive ability.
      Eight species, Absidia cylindrospora, Penicillium notatum, Pestalotia cocculi?,
      Cylindrocarpon heteronema, Gliocladium roseum, Trichoderma viride, Paecilomyces
      marquandii, and Penicillium funiculosum were widespread in the area. Species
      diversity equaled that observed in mesic temperate communities. Less than one
      third of the isolates were cellulolytic. Phytopathogens were common, a feature
      characteristic of tropical populations. Thermophilous fungi averaged 33 per gram
      dry soil in the casuarina forest and increased to 943 per gram in the insolated
      soil of the coconut grove. Thermotolerant forms (94% of the isolates) were
      abundant and were principally species of Aspergillus and Chaetomium. Thermophilic
      fungi werur species, Ch. osmaniae, Ch. medusarum, Ch. sulphureum, and Thielavia
      arenaria, appear to be new records for western hemisphere soils.

PMID- 1214849
TI  - Elektronenmikroskopie.

PMID- 1214848
TI  - Microflora of stored grain in international trade.
AB  - Although the temperature of grain in the holds of ships arriving in Japan from
      Argintina, Australia, Canada, China and USA during 1966-67 varied with the grain,
      country of origin, and season, it was likely to be determined by the temperature
      of the grain when it was loaded into the ships. Dockage level varied among bulks
      of the same type of grain, but the mean dockage in any one crop was always larger
      when originating from the USA than from other countries. Generally the viability
      of the grain was good, but when it was reduced, interaction of variety and time
      seemed to be the principal cause. Field fungi - non-pathogenic Alternaria, and
      the pathogenic Helminthosporium and Fusarium species - tended to die out, during
      transport, thus reducing the hazards of new pathogenic strains being distributed
      across international boundaries. The non-pathogenic field fungi, Cladosporium and
      Phaeoramularia, were persistent. Although common in grain shipments from all
      countries, species of Aspergillus and Penicillium varied quantitatively with the
      different grains. In this respect, more Aspergillus spp. were found in grains
      originating in the USA and Australia than those originating in Canada. The
      primary contamination by storage fungi appeared to be at the source, at or after
      harvest and in storage prior to export.

PMID- 1214850
TI  - Radiation-resistant plastic specimen supports.

PMID- 1214851
TI  - Redox properties of the in vitro 700-nm absorbing chlorophyll alpha-water dimer.

PMID- 1214852
TI  - A new class of insecticides.

PMID- 1214853
TI  - Antifungal activity of pollen.

PMID- 1214854
TI  - Accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cultivated microalgae.

PMID- 1214855
TI  - Degradation of aflatoxin B1 by microorganisms.

PMID- 1214856
TI  - Effect of toxins of sea anemones on neuromuscular transmission.

PMID- 1214858
TI  - [Microwave hyperthermia and oncolysis by Clostridia].

PMID- 1214857
TI  - [Determination of 2 vinylchloride metabolites in urine].

PMID- 1214859
TI  - [Copyright and natural sciences].
AB  - Works in the natural sciences are provided with comparatively less copyright
      protection than literary works. Nevertheless, this protection is important for
      scientists. However, more recently, modern methods and techniques of information
      and documentation, such as reprography, microfilm archives, electronic data
      storage and retrieval, and data transmission have questioned the justification
      and effectiveness, even in principle, of this protection. A more detailed
      analysis demonstrates that this involves not so much a crisis of copyright law as
      a crisis of the entire field of scientific information.

PMID- 1214860
TI  - [Construction of PO2- and PH2-microelectrodes with high frequency cathode
      spraying technic].

PMID- 1214861
TI  - [Sugar from filter paper].

PMID- 1214862
TI  - [3,4-Benzopyrene in oils and fats].

PMID- 1214863
TI  - Induction of sterility in male houseflies by vapors of Acorus calamus L. oil.

PMID- 1214864
TI  - [Pattern specific visual competition].

PMID- 1214866
TI  - Active trigeminal regions in fish medulla.

PMID- 1214865
TI  - Lateral-line efferents to mechanical and visual stimuli.

PMID- 1214867
TI  - [Electric activity of starling middle ear muscle].

PMID- 1214869
TI  - Environmentally sensitive cerebral nerve endings.

PMID- 1214868
TI  - The effect of dibenzoxanthenes on the paralyzing action of zoxazolamine.

PMID- 1214870
TI  - A first allergenic sesquiterpene lactone from Chrysanthemum indicum L.:
      arteglasin-A.

PMID- 1214871
TI  - Increase in anti-T titer scores of breast-carcinoma patients following
      mastectomy.

PMID- 1214872
TI  - On the reactions of NaNO2 with ethyl urea in the presence and absence of ascorbic
      acid.

PMID- 1214873
TI  - Clonal development in tumorous cultures of Crepis capillaris.

PMID- 1214875
TI  - [Sergentella spiroides: in or on the blood].

PMID- 1214874
TI  - Induced cell-cycle synchrony of hepatocytes after partial hepatectomy.

PMID- 1214876
TI  - [Trichobezoar in a 10-year-old girl].

PMID- 1214877
TI  - [Treatment of moderate hypertension, particularly by the general practitioner].

PMID- 1214878
TI  - [New drugs. 21. Finalgon, Lidanil, Sequilar, Teronac, Vogalene].

PMID- 1214879
TI  - [Could contraceptives with progestational effect cause voice changes?].

PMID- 1214880
TI  - [Letter: Oral antidiabetics and cardiovascular disorders].

PMID- 1214882
TI  - [Letter: Adminstrative identification of patients in large population groups].

PMID- 1214881
TI  - [Letter: Heart death and oral antidiabetics].

PMID- 1214883
TI  - [Various aspects of treatment of primary melanoblastoma of the extremities by
      regional perfusion].

PMID- 1214884
TI  - [Treatment of exophthalmia and retrognathia].

PMID- 1214885
TI  - [Does the midwife have authority to apply local anesthesia for episiotomy?].

PMID- 1214886
TI  - [Syncope with coma in an attack of generalized urticaria (cold allergy)].

PMID- 1214887
TI  - [Iatrogenic pulmonary disorders].

PMID- 1214888
TI  - [Possibilities of selective angiography in the head-neck region].

PMID- 1214889
TI  - [Lipid pneumonia due to paraffin containing laxatives].

PMID- 1214891
TI  - [Treatment of gonorrhea by the general practitioner].

PMID- 1214892
TI  - [Letter: Vaginal tampons].

PMID- 1214890
TI  - [Letter: Spontaneous splenic rupture].

PMID- 1214893
TI  - [Letter: Pregnancy as an immunological paradox].

PMID- 1214894
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of shock and pain by ambulance personnel].

PMID- 1214895
TI  - [Looking inside, gaining insight. Aspects of arthroscopy of the knee].

PMID- 1214896
TI  - [Prospective study of 1-year survival and resumption of work following myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 1214897
TI  - [Neurological side effects of piperazine].

PMID- 1214898
TI  - [Letter: Deformities and diseases associated with deafness and impaired hearing
      (indications for suspecting hearing defects in young children, especially in
      outpatient clinics for infants and toddlers].

PMID- 1214899
TI  - [Are progestational agents indicated in threatened abortion?].

PMID- 1214900
TI  - [Value of combined electro-and echoencephalography].

PMID- 1214902
TI  - [Knee joint arthroscopy].

PMID- 1214903
TI  - [Knee arthroscopy].

PMID- 1214901
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of stable fractures of the thoracolumbar spine].

PMID- 1214904
TI  - [Smallpox R.I.P].

PMID- 1214905
TI  - [Smallpox eradication in Bangladesh].

PMID- 1214906
TI  - [Letter: Familial occurrence of atypical cholinesterase].

PMID- 1214907
TI  - [Pregnancy complicated by acute abdomen].

PMID- 1214908
TI  - [Definition of cold in epidemiology and prevention].

PMID- 1214909
TI  - [Health Organization TNO. Population survey on cardio-respiratory disorders].

PMID- 1214910
TI  - [Epidemiologic cold survey].

PMID- 1214911
TI  - [Increased chance for exotic diseases in the Netherlands].

PMID- 1214913
TI  - [Halitosis].

PMID- 1214912
TI  - [A patient with primary amenorrhea].

PMID- 1214915
TI  - [Statistical testing of hypotheses].

PMID- 1214914
TI  - [Clinical significance of serum gastrin levels].

PMID- 1214917
TI  - [Significance of ultrasonic studies and fetoscopy for prenatal diagnosis of
      embryonic differentiation disorders].

PMID- 1214916
TI  - [Reflux-gastritis].

PMID- 1214918
TI  - [Oral florid papillomatosis or speckled leukoplakia; discussion with reference to
      3 cases].

PMID- 1214919
TI  - [Blunt abdominal trauma in an infant].

PMID- 1214920
TI  - [Subclavian steal syndrome].

PMID- 1214921
TI  - [Tympanic membrane implantation].

PMID- 1214922
TI  - [Combination of sulfonamide-penicillin].

PMID- 1214923
TI  - Replication of feline sarcoma virus in cat embryonic kidney cells in the absence
      of transformation.
AB  - The infection of cat embryonic kidney cells (CRC) with Gardner and Snyder-Theilen
      strains of feline sarcoma viruses (Ga-FeSV and ST-FeSV) do not lead to
      transformation and focus formation. The focus forming insusceptibility is shown
      to be stable and nontransmissable property of these cells. However, the CRC cells
      are permissive for ST-FeSV, and the viral production is 10 to 100 folds lower
      than in focus forming susceptible cat cells. Produced ST-FeSV(c) by CRC cells
      induced on cat embryonic cells FE in higher proportion round and fusiform (rf)
      foci and fusiform(f) foci. The f foci were not previously observed in original
      stock of ST-FeSV tested directly on FE cells. Attempts to detect some differences
      in morphology or in growth behavior between ST-FeSV infected and non-infected CRC
      cell population gave negative results.

PMID- 1214925
TI  - Further evidence on lymphocyte resistance of tumor-bearing in vitro rats to
      phytohemagglutinin.
AB  - A study was made of the survival of peripheral blood lymphocytes in short-term
      cultures with a standard dose of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in rats during the
      course of methylcholanthrene (MC)-induced carcinogenesis. Peripheral blood
      lymphocytes of (BDXLW)F1 hybrid rats were tested at various time intervals
      following MC application. The investigation involved a group of rats in which
      tumors had not appeared as yet after MC application, a further group with
      developed tumors of varying sizes, and a third group in which the tumors were
      extirpated, their peripheral blood lymphocytes being examined both before and at
      a definite time interval after the extirpation. Finally, another group of animals
      was investigated in which no tumor appeared up to 14 months after MC
      administration. The higher survival values of lymphocytes in PHA cultures in
      animals with primary MC-induced tumors in comparison with those of the control
      animals were found to be related to the presence of a progressing tumor. The
      results are discussed in terms of a possible change of T and B lymphocyte ratio
      in the peripheral blood in the presence of a tumor antigen.

PMID- 1214924
TI  - The effect of long-term administration of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)palmitamide on the
      chemotherapy of RBA rat leukemia.
AB  - The effects of N-(2-hydroxyethyl) palmitamide (PEA) a natural and antitoxic
      substance on the treatment of RBA rat leukemia were studied. Repeated
      administration of PEA prolonged substantially survival of leukemic animals in the
      course of the treatment with  cis-diamminedichlor-platinum (cis-Pt(II) in
      combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methotrexate respectively. The
      most advantageous combination used was the cis-Pt(II) with methotrexate and PEA
      administration even improved the treatment results. The long-termed PEA treatment
      depressed first of all undesirable side effects and enabled to use higher
      therapeutic dosage of chemotherapeutics and improved the final results.

PMID- 1214927
TI  - The effect of anemia on the radiotherapy results of the uterine cervix cancer.
AB  - Relationship between hemoglobin level and survival and/or recurrence rate was
      studied in radiation treated group of postmenopausal women with uterine cervix
      carcinoma. The data suggest that anemia alters unfavorably the effectiveness of
      radiotherapy. A possible explanation of the lowered control rate is that due to
      deficiency of tissue oxygenation by reduced oxygen carriage proportion of hypoxic
      cells increases and impairs the radiosensitivity.

PMID- 1214926
TI  - Variations in sensitivity of synchronized Chinese hamster cells to oxic and
      anoxic X-ray exposures.
AB  - V-79 Chinese hamster cells in monolayer cultures on glass surfaces were
      synchronized by treatment with hydroxyurea and exposed at different times
      thereafter to X-rays in the air or in oxygen-free argon. Survival determinations
      indicated that the oxygen enhancement ratio OER as expressed by the ratio of the
      respective D0 values varied over a narrow range in the different phases of the
      cell cycle. These changes resulted from cyclic alterations in both aerobic and
      anaerobic D0 values, and perhaps in n values.

PMID- 1214928
TI  - Long-term results in rectum carcinoma. Patients followed up during the period
      1959-1968.
AB  - During the period 1959 to 1968, a total of 158 patients with carcinoma of the
      rectum were treated at the surgical department of the Oncological Institute in
      Bratislava. All these patients were retro spectively classified according to the
      TNM system into four clinical stages as follows: Stage I -- 26 (16.46%). Stage II
      -- 12 (7.59%), Stage III -- 61 (36.61%) and Stage IV -- 59 (53.39%) of the
      patient. Surgical treatment was supplemented with irradiation in 85 (53.73%) of
      the patients with chemotherapy in 15 (9.49%). All the findings were verified
      histologically. Favorable results as regards the 5-year survival rate in
      accordance with literature data were achieved in the early stages of the
      affection, while in advanced stages this survival rate was rather low, the
      majority of the patients died in the first and second year following initiation
      of treatment. The authors express the view that in future, oncologists will have
      to devote more attention to an early diagnosis and treatment of precanceroses,
      and this not solely in patients with a carcinoma of the rectum, but also in its
      other localizations.

PMID- 1214929
TI  - [The intensity of cerebral sulfatide and cerebroside metabolism under normal
      conditions following haloperidol administration].

PMID- 1214930
TI  - [The intensity of cerebral mono-, di- and triglyceride metabolism in growing
      animals under normal conditions and in hypoxia].

PMID- 1214931
TI  - [The effect of insulin on pyruvate metabolism in the brain and other organs].

PMID- 1214932
TI  - [The effect of insulin on the intensity of glucose and glycogen biosynthesis from
      acetate in the cerebral hemispheres].

PMID- 1214933
TI  - [Discrete tracking as a means of measuring the functional characteristics of
      sensory systems].

PMID- 1214934
TI  - [A method of plethysmography for several internal organs].

PMID- 1214935
TI  - [The basic proteins of brain tissue lysosomes, the effect of different cationic
      brain proteins on lysosome permeability].

PMID- 1214936
TI  - [The structure-functional basis of cat frontal lobe participation in complex
      forms of behavior].

PMID- 1214937
TI  - [Afferent impulsation in the facial nerve of fishes upon stimulation of skin
      surface chemoreceptors].

PMID- 1214938
TI  - [The effect of different imidazole concentrations on miniature endplate
      potentials in a frog neuromuscular preparation].

PMID- 1214939
TI  - [The dynamics of skeletal muscle fiber membrane potentials during changes in
      carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 1214940
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of bilateral traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistulae.
AB  - The authors report the diagnosis and successful treatment of a case of traumatic
      bilateral carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. Direct tamponade of the fistula with a
      Fogarty catheter and ligation of all cervical carotid vessels was carried out on
      the left side following ligation on the right side of the common carotid, the
      internal carotid extra- and intracranially, and of the external carotid artery.
      The pre-requisite for this procedure was the development of a functional
      collateral circulation via the posterior communicating arteries from the basilar
      system. The 18 months follow-up report and the rare reports in the world
      literature on the operative techniques and the results of treatment of similar
      cases are discussed.

PMID- 1214941
TI  - Giant aneurysm of the internal carotid artery simulating posterior fossa tumour
      in a 13 year old girl.

PMID- 1214942
TI  - [Clinical and morphological considerations concerning "medulloepithelioma"
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical course and autopsy findings in a 20 months old child with a so
      called medulloepithelioma of the brain stem are reported. The histological
      features of this tumour are described. Ten previous cases in the literature are
      reviewed and the controversial problems of this entity are discussed. It seems
      reasonable to place this malignant tumour in the group of ependymomas; in detail,
      the definition "embryonic ependymoma"; proposed by Fowler, appears to be the most
      suitable, because it comprises all morphological and biological features of this
      rare malignant tumour.

PMID- 1214943
TI  - [Endoscopy of the spinal canal (author's transl)].
AB  - The intraspinal endoscopy was carried out by means of a recently developed Selfoc
      endoscope. The optical principle of the Selfoc-glass rod was described. The
      endoscopic observations in the preliminary experiment on dogs and in 6 clinical
      cases were reported. Our experiences showed the usefulness of Selfoc-endoscope
      for the clinical spinaloscopy.

PMID- 1214944
TI  - Remarks on the surgical treatment of the craniosynostoses.
AB  - Technical aspects and results of a surgical procedure for craniosynostoses are
      exposed. Fragmentation-recomposition of the anterior part of the cranial vault in
      cases of brachi-, acro-, turri- and trigono-cephaly gives both an effective
      decompression and a satisfactory cosmetic result.

PMID- 1214945
TI  - [Symptom picture of a unilateral fronto-medial falcial meningioma with
      extrapyramidal symptomatology].
AB  - A colourless affect, without neurological symptoms was for decades assumed to be
      a character attribute of the patient, until the age of 55 years when she
      developed an akinetic symptom-complex with tremor, but with no rigidity. In the
      light of the history, the investigations and the operation findings, the symptoms
      appeared to have a clear aetiological connection with a unilateral, mandarin
      sized, fronto-medial meningioma on the inferior edge of the falx. It seemed
      likely that this had been growing since her youth. The reversible symptoms were
      judged to be the result of pressure on the mid-brain, with resultant ciuculatory
      disturbances.

PMID- 1214946
TI  - Suboccipital false aneurysm : treated with ligation of both vertebral arteries.

PMID- 1214947
TI  - Schwartz-Jampel syndrome.

PMID- 1214948
TI  - External ophthalmoplegia in elapidae bites and its response to neostigmine.

PMID- 1214950
TI  - Duchenne dystrophy: some facts and fantasies.

PMID- 1214949
TI  - Infective polyneuritis treated with azathioprine (a case report).

PMID- 1214951
TI  - Atypical electroencephalographic findings in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

PMID- 1214952
TI  - Hydrocephalus following craniotomy.

PMID- 1214953
TI  - Conray cisternal myelography.

PMID- 1214954
TI  - A study of cerebrovascular occlusive diseases.

PMID- 1214955
TI  - Neurological involvement in Kyasanur Forest Disease.

PMID- 1214957
TI  - The blink reflex in leprosy.

PMID- 1214956
TI  - Hyperinsulinism and neuroglycopenic syndrome.

PMID- 1214958
TI  - Angiography in head trauma.

PMID- 1214959
TI  - A study of infantile hemiplegia with reference to shift of cerebral speech
      centre.

PMID- 1214960
TI  - Prosopagnosia and associated disorders.

PMID- 1214961
TI  - A Case of stiff-man syndrome.

PMID- 1214962
TI  - Inhibition of ovulation induced with PMS and HCG by a melatonin-free extract of
      bovine pineal powder.
AB  - Using borate buffer a substance that suppresses the ovulation induced with PMS
      and HCG in immature mice was obtained from acetone-defatted bovine pineal powder
      by an extraction method similar to that used for an extraction of a gonadotropin
      inhibiting substance in urine. This gonadotropin inhibitor in the pineal powder
      differs from melatonin or arginine vasotocin and seems to be different from the
      water soluble antigonadotropic substance which has been isolated from the bovine
      and ovine pineal. Partial purification of the gonadotropin inhibitor was
      accomplished by a Sephadex G-100 column.

PMID- 1214963
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of effectiveness of different methods of treatment of
      thrombosis of the central retinal vein with long-term follow-up].

PMID- 1214964
TI  - [Use of low doses of heparin for treatment of aftereffects of thrombosis of
      retinal vessels and for prevention of recurrence of the disease].

PMID- 1214965
TI  - [Clinical characteristics of homonymous hemianopsia in disorders of blood
      circulation in the vertebro-basilar basin].

PMID- 1214966
TI  - [Functional test for early diagnosis of primary glaucoma].

PMID- 1214967
TI  - [Cycloduction of eyes at inclination of the head].

PMID- 1214968
TI  - [Clinico-genealogical study of persons with myopia].

PMID- 1214969
TI  - [Structure of astigmatism in human eye].

PMID- 1214970
TI  - [Eye injuries and measures of their prevention in agricultural workers of the
      Poltava region].

PMID- 1214971
TI  - [Effectiveness of the operation of scleral buckling with sealing using dehydrated
      homotissues in severe and complicated cases of retinal detachment].

PMID- 1214972
TI  - [Methodical approach to the study of prevalence of blindness among population].

PMID- 1214973
TI  - [Diabetic retinopathy and refraction].

PMID- 1214974
TI  - [Role of vasomotor reaction after surgery of senile cataract].

PMID- 1214975
TI  - [Incidence of glaucoma among relatives of patients from the rural areas].

PMID- 1214976
TI  - [First experience of dispensarization of patients with frequently recurring
      ocular herpes].

PMID- 1214977
TI  - [Improved method of ophthalmodynamometry].

PMID- 1214978
TI  - [Action of ultrasound on submicroscopic and cytochemical changes in
      photoreceptors of the retina and optic nerve].

PMID- 1214980
TI  - [Effectiveness of the methods of prevention of eye injuries in children].

PMID- 1214979
TI  - [Changes in eye tissues in chronic poisoning of albino rats with hydrogen
      fluoride].

PMID- 1214981
TI  - [Presence of gadfly larva in the eyeball].

PMID- 1214982
TI  - [Endocrine glands of Chironomus thummi Kief. during larval development and
      metamorphosis].
AB  - The general morphology of the complex of endocrine glands in Chironomus thummi is
      described (corpora allata, peritracheal glands, cardial bodies). Each of these
      glands is characterized during the 3rd, 4th larval instars and metamorphosis by
      specific developmental features. Enlargement of corpora allata is due, mainly, to
      more than 10-fold increase in cell number. The process of growth in the
      peritracheal gland is realized mainly at the expense of increase in cell size and
      formation of polytene nuclei; the latter is witnessed both by nuclear morphology
      and increase of DNA content per nucleus. It was shown by cytophotometric
      measurements that DNA content per nucleus in the peritracheal gland of a just
      moulted larva of the 4th instar amounts to 0.202 +/- 0.02 relative units, in
      prepupa to 2.98+/-0.01, whereas the corresponding values for nuclei of corpora
      allata equal 0.107+/-0.01 and 0.212+/-0.1. The number of cells and the morphology
      of nuclei suffer no significant changes in cardial bodies but 2 giant cells
      intimately connected with cardial bodies increase in volume from 18 to 200,000
      mu3 and typical polytene chromosomes form in them.

PMID- 1214983
TI  - [The morphofunctional condition of the basic organ systems, life span and
      fecundity of the domestic cricket, Acheta domestica, during normal imaginal
      development and following allatectomy].
AB  - 3 main periods of imaginal development: juvenility, reproduction, ageing, were
      established in Acheta domestica and characterized by morphological and functional
      features of some organs (integument, wings, fat body, wing muscles, ovaries, and
      body proportions). Allatectomized crickets remain in the first period up till the
      day of death; this allowed to suggest that the hormone of corpora allata in imago
      controls the normal correlated development of different organs and tissues and
      ensures the transition to subsequent periods of imaginal ontogenesis. In
      allatectomized crickets of both the sexes, the duration of imaginal life is
      markedly longer and the fecundity of females is much lower. It is suggested that
      the hormone of corpora allata controls the life span and the fecundity
      independently.

PMID- 1214984
TI  - [The mechanism of inactivation of the bird erythrocyte genome. III. Pathways of
      terminal differentiation of erythrocytes].
AB  - Under the conditions of acute phenylhydrazine anemia in pigeons, early
      erythroblasts develop in reticulocytes with basophilic cytoplasm directly by
      passing the stages of polychromatophilic and ortochromic erythroblasts. During
      the maximum activity of bone marrow erythropoiesis stimulated by anemia over 80%
      of reticulocytes develop in such a way. A hypothesis is put forward to the effect
      that there exist in birds two alternative pathways of erythropoiesis: the main
      pathway which ensures the slow repopulation of blood by erythrocytes under normal
      conditions and the reserve pathway which opens for a short time under anemia and
      ensures rapid increase of the erythrocyte titer in blood up to its normal value.

PMID- 1214985
TI  - [The development of differentiation of pigment epithelium in teleosts and its
      stimulation to metaplasia].
AB  - The time was determined when pigmented epithelium acquires stable differentiation
      and the possibility was investigated for pigmented epithelium to transform in
      retina at different developmental stages in the Issyk-kul chebatchok Leuciscus
      bergi (Cyprinidae). By means of implantation of a layer of pigmented epithelium
      in pericardium it was established that the pigmented epithelium cells acquired
      stable differentiation rather early. When an already pigmented layer of pigmented
      epithelium was implanted in the cavity of a lensless eye, its cell transformed in
      retina under the influence of the whole retina. Conditions of pigmented
      epithelium metaplasia in retina in teleosteans proved to be similar with those
      for frogs.

PMID- 1214986
TI  - [Temporary patterns in the embryonic development of the beluga].
AB  - The data concerning the absolute and relative duration of different periods of
      the beluga embryogenesis are obtained and the relative durations of the same
      periods of embryogenesis in beluga, sevryuga (Acipenser stellatus) and sturgeon
      (Acipenser guldenstadti) were compared. The relative durations of cleavage,
      gastrulation and early organogenesis in beluga are rather stable within the zone
      of optimal temperatures and similar to those in sturgeon and sevryuga. In beluga
      the relative duration of the period between the insemination and the appearance
      of the 1st cleavage furrow on the egg surface and the relative duration of the
      second half of embryogenesis (from the formation of heart rudiment till the
      hatching of single larvae) are somewhat less.

PMID- 1214987
TI  - [The osteogenic role of the dura mater in adult rabbits during regeneration of
      the skull].
AB  - It was shown in experiments with adult rabbits that the regeneration of skull
      vault bones after artificial trauma proceeds, mainly, at the expense of
      osteogenic activity of dura mater, rather than by means of outgrowth of bone from
      the defect margins. During regeneration, dura mater connects with the granulation
      tissue which fills the area of defect. The first bone islets are formed by the
      surface layer of dura mater near the defect margins and then all over the defect
      area. During regeneration bone islets merge with each other and with the old bone
      at the defect margins. In experiments with separation of the defect margins from
      dura mater by millipore filter, regeneration is insignificant over the filter
      near the old bone margins (bone trabeculae form which close destructed bone
      marrow cavities); the bone forms intensively under the filter on dura mater. In
      experiments with the removal of a piece of skull bone together with the adjacent
      region of dura mater, no bone regeneration occurs, the defect area is filled by
      the scar tissue.

PMID- 1214988
TI  - [Migration of glial cells in the brains of intact mice and mice with brain
      injuries during the first hours after DNA synthesis and cell division].
AB  - The behaviour of labelled (3H-thymidine) glial cells was studied in the brain of
      intact mice and mice with mechanical trauma of brain. Formation of pairs of
      labelled cells and their subsequent disjunction in the brain regions under study
      occurs at different rates. The rates of these processes in white matter and
      subependymal zone exceed those in parietal cortex, thalamus and hypothalamus. The
      brain traumatization does not influence the rate of disjunction of separated
      glial cells. Angles between axes of separated cells are different in the brain
      regions under study. In cortex and white matter, separated cells with axial
      angles equal to 180 degrees predominate whereas in thalamus, hypothalamus and
      subependymal zone many separated cells have axial angles below 180 degrees (120
      160 degrees). The possible relationship between the form of the brain regions
      under study and the value of axial angles of separated cells is discussed.

PMID- 1214989
TI  - [Ribosomal RNA synthesis in haploid and diploid loach embryos].
AB  - rRNA synthesis was compared in the loach haploid (In) and diploid (2n) embryos.
      The relative intensity of synthesis was evaluated by 14C-uridine incorporation in
      27S and 18S rRNA isolated from ribosomes taking into account label incorporation
      into total acid-soluble fraction and phosphrylated uridine derivatives. Label
      incorporation into rRNA, in reference with DNA content in 1n and 2n embryos,
      suggests that the level of rRNA synthesis per DNA unit in haploids is twice that
      in diploids whereas, in reference per cell, the same amount of ribosomes is
      synthesized both in haploids and diploids. The data obtained show that the amount
      of rRNAs synthesized in the loach embryogenesis does not depend on ploidy.

PMID- 1214990
TI  - [A change in the concentration of potassium and sodium during early axolotl
      embryogenesis].

PMID- 1214991
TI  - [Polar distribution of RNA in the cytoplasm of Acetabularia mediterranea].
AB  - The distribution of total RNA and its individual fractions in two regions of
      Acetabularia mediterranea stem during regeneration was investigated. During
      regeneration of both the nuclear and enucleated cells, RNA concentration
      increases in the cytoplasm of growth zone whereas it changes insignificantly in
      the central stem region. A study of the qualitative RNA composition in the same
      stem regions has shown that during regeneration high molecular weight RNA
      fractions (main peaks - 0,56-10(6) and 1.04-10(6) Dalton) are found in the growth
      zone and are practically absent from the central cell region. Low molecular
      weight RNA (supposedly, tRNA and products of RNA destruction) are present in both
      the cell regions under study.

PMID- 1214992
TI  - [Autoantibodies and immunologic theories].
AB  - A hypothesis is put forward to the effect that immunological phenomena represent
      a particular case of the transport of metabolites, rather than obligatory
      "defense mechanism". This hypothesis excludes the necessity in additional
      postulates (forbidden clones, somatic mutations, cells-repressors etc.) to
      account for the basic immunological phenomena, such as recognition, appearance of
      autoantibodies and tolerance. It suffices to assume that: 1) autolytic enzymes
      destroy "their" antigens but cannot destroy completely "foreign" antigens; 2) as
      a result of decomposition of antigens by enzymes, "tolerogens" may appear which
      block the receptors in immunocompetent cells thus preventing the appearance of
      antibodies; 3) cells capable to synthesize autoantibodies exist in the normal
      organism but not activated due to the absence of "their" antigens. When such
      antigens appear, they initiate the synthesis of antibodies. The hypothesis
      advanced may appear too simple as compared with the existing theories, but
      experiments have to confirm it.

PMID- 1214998
TI  - [A radioautographic study of protein synthesis in loach blastoderm].
AB  - The dynamics of protein synthesis in the loach embryos has been studied by means
      of autoradiography at the stages of cleavage, blastula and gastrula. During the
      synchronous cleavage divisions, nuclear proteins are mainly synthesized. From the
      early blastula stage until the early gastrula stage, the intensity of nuclear
      protein synthesis increases 2.5 times whereas the intensity of cytoplasmic and
      total protein synthesis is low and relatively constant. After the onset of
      gastrulation the intensity of nuclear and cytoplasmic protein synthesis increases
      3-4 times and at the late gastrula stage it decreases twice as compared with that
      at the midgastrula stage. During blastulation, no regional differences in the
      intensity of nuclear and cytoplasmic protein synthesis were found. With the onset
      of gastrulation, a vegeto-animal gradient of labeled aminoacid incorporation into
      nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins appears. During gastrulation, reliable
      differences were found between the intensity of labeled aminoacid incorporation
      into proteins of the cells of intact and dissociated blastoderms. During this
      period, the intensity of protein synthesis in embryonic shield is higher than
      that in the extraembryonic part of blastoderm.

PMID- 1214999
TI  - [Analytic resolution of the equilibrium equation of growth].
AB  - A binomial bioenergetical balance growth equation is considered. The analytical
      solution of this equation is proposed under certain limitations of parameters.
      This equation was shown to describe both the mass accumulation and loss in cases
      of negative energetical balance, thus allowing to widen the domain of application
      of the equation.

PMID- 1214997
TI  - [Peptide hydrolase activity during embryonic carp development].
AB  - It was established that in the carp the process of embryonic and early
      postembryonic development was accompanied by the increase in the activity of both
      the trypsin- and chemotrypsin-like peptide hydrolases. This increase is most
      evident  in larvae with resorbing yolk. The total and protein nitrogen content
      suffers no changes during embryonic and early postembryonic development. The
      content of non-protein nitrogen increases from the stage of the middle of
      segmentation on attaining the maximum level in larvae with resorbing yolk.

PMID- 1215000
TI  - [Local proliferation of cells of the granular layer of the dentate gyrus of the
      mouse hippocampus during postnatal ontogenesis and following brain injury].
AB  - The local cellular proliferation takes place in the inner part of the dentate
      gyrus granular layer, the subgranular zone, of mice. The proliferating cells of
      the subgranular zone are one of two sources of postnatal neurogenesis of the
      granular layer (another source-cells of the subependymal zone). The subgranular
      zone becomes markedly thinner with the age but even in adult mice the cellular
      proliferation occurs in it. Under the brain trauma, the proliferation of the
      subgranular zone cells is activated. Besides cell division in the subgranular
      zone, there is insignificant proliferation in the differentiated part of the
      granular layer. Special studies are, however, necessary to identify dividing
      cells in the differentiated part of the granular layer.

PMID- 1215002
TI  - [A change in the puff spectrum during development of Drosophila virilis].
AB  - The puff spectrum has been studied in the salivary gland chromosomes of D.
      virilis from 48 hrs of the 3rd larval until the gland lysis. 142 puffs were
      observed in the D. virilis genome. Among them, 43% were observed at all
      developmental stages and other puffs were unstable: 47.1% appear at a certain
      stage and degrade or remain until the gland lysis; 9.9% are characterized by the
      "pulse" activity, i.e. they appear at a certain stage, degrade and reappear. The
      number of newly appeared puffs exceeds that of fully degraded ones, i.e. the
      number of puffs during the gland development until its lysis increases
      constantly. At the stage of puparium formation, sexual differences in the puff
      length were found: puffs were longer in males than in females.

PMID- 1215001
TI  - [Estrogens in the tissues of guinea pig embryos].
AB  - The content of estrogens was determined in tissues of the guinea pig embryos,
      blood of pregnant females and placenta by means of biological testing. It was the
      highest in embryonic ovaries at all developmental stages. The sexual dimorphism
      in estrogen content was found in embryonic suprarenals: it was higher in females
      than in males. The estrogen content in blood of male embryos and pregnant females
      was similar but lower than that in female embryos. Estrogens were also found in
      placenta and their traces were detected in spleen, brain, hypothalamus and
      uterus. The problem of possible participation of estrogens in the sex
      differentiation of female embryos is discussed.

PMID- 1215003
TI  - [An analysis of cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) pollen grain
      development in cultural plantings].
AB  - A cytological study of the Cedrus libani mature pollen from 3 culture areas
      (Italy, France, USSR) has shown that 69-71% of pollen grains have two-celled
      protallium and antheridial cell. About 5% of pollen grains are characterized by
      accelerated of delayed development, otherwise apparently normal. The pollen
      sterility (up to 30% of grains) is due to the abortive spore development.
      Anomalous cenocyte and multinuclear pollen grains were found thus suggesting that
      multicellular haploid structures capable of further growth and development may
      arise in the course of natural anther development.

PMID- 1215004
TI  - [Photic induction of polar growth in enucleated fragments of Acetabularia
      mediterranea].
AB  - The process of induction of polarity in enucleated fragments (EF) of Acetabularia
      mediterranea has been studied by the method of local illumination. A device is
      described which allows to illuminate one part of EF at 2, 500 lx and another at 5
      lx. The local illumination of a part of EF during 10-24 hrs was shown to polarize
      with a high probability the subsequent growth and formation of caps at the
      subsequent uniform illumination. Using the method of successive illumination and
      darkening of apical and basal portions of EF, it was shown that the initial
      stages of induction were partially reversible and the complete determination of
      polarity took place after the initiation of the cap anlage. After the short-term
      induction by light (2500 lx), the darkening of the growth zone inhibits
      completely the process of cap initiation, but already at 100 lx the EF previously
      induced at 2 500 lx are initiated and grow. While using the local illumination of
      grafts of EF from two species, A. crenulata and A. mediterranea, with their
      subsequent fragmentation and the analysis of cap morphology, it was shown that
      the induction of polar growth did not provide the directed transport of the
      factors controlling morphogenesis to the future growth zone.

PMID- 1215005
TI  - [Regulation of histogenesis in the axial organ of echinoderms (Echinodermata)
      according to findings from diffusion chamber cultivation].
AB  - Fragments of axial organs of different echinoderms were cultivated together with
      the gonad epithelium in the diffusion chambers made of millipore filters
      impermeable for cells (VUFS). Under these conditions, the histogenesis of
      amoebocytes suffered definite changes: the number of middle amoebocytes increased
      2-3 times and that of large amoebocytes decreased correspondingly. Similar
      results were obtained not only under the direct contact of two tissues, but also
      under the contact realized through the millipore filter impermeable for cells.
      Corticosteroid agents of vertebrates did not influence the histogenesis of
      amoebocytes in Echinodermata.

PMID- 1215006
TI  - [Rna transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in Acetabularia mediterranea].
AB  - The biosynthesis of nuclear RNA, its transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
      and distribution in the cytoplasm were studied in Acetabularia mediterranea under
      different light conditions. It was shown that the nuclear RNA incorportate 3H
      uracil more rapidly in the darkness and the transport of labeled RNA from the
      nucleus slowed down after the transfer of plants in the cold medium in the
      darkness. To study the distribution of nuclear RNA in the cytoplasm, the 3H
      uracil labeled nuclei were transplanted in the rhizoids of unlabeled plants, the
      dikaryons obtained were kept for different time in the light and in the darkness
      and the content of 3H-RNA was determined in different stem regions. It was shown
      that the transport of 3H-RNA in the cytoplasm is slowed down in the darkness and
      it is distributed by the basal-apical gradient. RNA is rapidly accumulated in the
      apical stem zone in the light and redistributed afterwards in the basal stem
      zones. The problem of relationship between the polarity and nuclear RNA
      distribution in Acetabularia is discussed.

PMID- 1215007
TI  - [Determination of optimal conditions for physical and chemical inactivation of
      nuclei for obtaining haploid and anuclear loach (Misgurnus fossilis L.) embryos].
AB  - The doses of X-irradiation sufficient for obtained truly haploid and anuclear
      embryos of the loach were determined. Mitomycin C in concentrations arresting the
      development at the late blastula stage (100-500 mcg/ml) was tested for the
      purposes of chemical enucleation of embryos. The data obtained allowed to
      recommend the following doses of X-irradiation to obtained the 100% inactivation
      of one or both the paternal genomes and haploid and anuclear embryos of the
      loach: 40 kr for eggs and 60 kr for testes. Mitomycin in the concentrations
      tested did not cause the 100% enucleation of embryos.

PMID- 1215008
TI  - [New muscle formation following transplantation of muscle treated with trypan
      blue].
AB  - The sources and mechanism of muscle formation de novo were investigated under the
      transplantation of skeletal muscle fibers treated in the 1% water solution of
      Trypan Blue for 48 hrs after Levander under skin and in omentum in rabbits and
      rats. In some cases the pieces of Trypan Blue stained muscles were placed in the
      diffusion chambers. Besides, 3H-thymidine autoradiography was used. It was
      established that after the above described treatment the muscles appeared
      morphologically as necrotized. They do not develop in the diffusion chambers in
      which cells do not penetrate. Under the transplantation of such muscles under
      skin and in omentum, they are phagocytized and disintegrate and in the close
      neighbourhood myoblasts arise which transform into muscle tubules and
      differentiated cross-striated muscle fibers. If prior to the transplantation the
      rats--recipients were labeled by 3H-thymidine, the muscle fibers formed de novo
      with the labeled nuclei, i. e. from the recipient cells in omentum where there
      are no muscles, apparently from polyblasts. Under the definite experimental
      conditions, myoblasts appear to arise from cells of non-myogenic origin by means
      of induction.

PMID- 1215009
TI  - [Characteristics of lymphocytoid cells detected during post-radiation bone marrow
      recovery].
AB  - As a result of complex study of lymphocyte-like cells which arise in the
      regenerating bone marrow of sublethally irradiated mice, it was established that:
      (1) X-cells precipitate in the 2nd and, partially, 3rd fractions of the albumin
      gradient, i. e. in the same fractions as the stem cells of intact animals; (2) X
      cells do not belong to polypotent hemopoietic stem cells; (3) X-cells belong to B
      lymphocytes, i. e. to thymus-independent lymphocytes.

PMID- 1215010
TI  - [Compensatory renal hypertrophy after nephrectomy in newborn rats].
AB  - The process of the kidney compensatory hypertrophy in young rats has been studied
      after nephrectomy on the 2nd day of life. The intact kidney was investigated by
      morphometrical and electron microscopical methods from the 1st day till the 3rd
      month after operation. The kidney compensatory hypertrophy in the early postnatal
      ontogenesis is accompanied by the acceleration of growth and differentiation of
      renal structures. The hypertrophy involves three successive steps: (1) functional
      tension of ultrastructures; (2) expressed hyperplasia and hypertrophy of cells;
      (3) structural-functional specialization. Among the cellular factors of the
      kidney compensatory growth at this age, the main role is played by the process of
      cell hyperplasia.

PMID- 1215011
TI  - [Intracellular distribution of creatine kinase isoenzymes in the brains and
      hearts of rats at different stages of postnatal development].
AB  - The total activity and range of the creatine kinase (CK) isozymes have been
      studied in the homogenate and subcellular fractions (nuclei, mitochondria,
      cytoplasm) of the rat brain and heart during postnatal ontogenesis. The total
      activity of CK in the brain and heart of newborn rats was found to be 4 and 2
      times less, resp., than in those of adults. The age patterns were established in
      the activity of cytoplasmic (CK-1, CK-2 and CK-3) and mitochondrial (CK-4)
      isozymes. During the whole postnatal development the rat brain contains only one
      cytoplasmic isozyme, CK-1. In the heart of newborn rats, as compared with adults,
      the content of CK-1 and CK-2 is much higher and that of CK-3 lower. On the 12
      15th day of life the range of the CK isozymes approaches that characteristic of
      adult animals. The activity of CK-4 was found in the brain on the 5-7th day of
      life and in the heart on 12-15th day. In the range of the CK isozymes in the
      adult brain the content of mitochondrial CK amounts to 19.3% and in the heart to
      16.5%. The data obtained complement the literary ones suggesting the low level of
      energy-forming processes in the brain and heart cells at the early stages of the
      rat postnatal development.

PMID- 1215012
TI  - [Dynamic characteristics of growth of the root system of a plant and methods of
      determining it].
AB  - A method of description for the dynamics of growth of the plant root system is
      considered. The methods are proposed for the qualitative analysis of the dynamics
      of growth and the quantitative determination of such a value as the time of
      active consumption of substances by an individual root region until its
      suberification. The corresponding calculation was performed for the oat and the
      barley.

PMID- 1215013
TI  - [Temperature sensitivity of mutations in species of the virillis group of
      Drosophila. III. The maternal influence and dominance of lethals in D. virillis
      Sturt. X D. littoralis Sokolov hybrids].
AB  - Lethal mutations sensitive to the temperatures 17 and 31 degrees were found in D.
      virilis. The phenocritical stage for the heat-sensitive mutation begins from the
      2nd half of the 3rd larval instar. The specific stage for the cold-sensitive
      mutation was not found. The mutations are recessive under intraspecific and
      interspecific (D. littoralis female XD. virilis hermaphrodite) crossing. They are
      inherited as dominant in the hybrids D. virilis female XD. littoralis
      hermaphrodite due to the maternal effect of the D. virillis egg cytoplasm.

PMID- 1215014
TI  - [The dynamics of the specific activity of newly synthesized RNA during loach
      embryo development].
AB  - The transport of the stable form of newly synthesized RNA from the nucleus to the
      cytoplasm has been studied in the loach (Misgurnus fossilis) development.
      Following the pulse labelling with 3H-uridine, the embryos were cultivated in the
      medium with non-labelled uridine and actinomycin D. The cell homogenate was
      fractionated and the specific activity of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs was
      determined. It was shown that a great part of newly synthesized RNA degraded
      within the nucleus and its insignificant part was preserved in the nucleus for
      several hours. The exit of stable RNA in the cytoplasm depends on the
      developmental stage. This part of RNA was found to stay in the nucleus at the
      stages of early--midblastula and leave it in the beginning of gastrulation. At
      the later developmental stages the newly synthesized RNA passes in the cytoplasm
      immediately.

PMID- 1215015
TI  - [Regionalization of protein synthesis in hydra].
AB  - An autoradiographic assay of protein biosynthesis (by 3H-leucine incorporation)
      in buds and adults Hydra attenuata has shown that in the process of bud growth
      the following states of protein synthesis regionalization can be distinguished:
      absence of local differences, state of local differences, and state of hypostomal
      peak characteristic of the adult Hydra. The protein synthesis regionalization and
      the morphological segmentation are independent in the process of bud growth.

PMID- 1215016
TI  - [Dating pregnancy times in rats and the effect of ovum supermaturation on the
      quantity of live embryos].
AB  - The fecundity of white rats was compared for the night and morning matings (late
      and early). The mating of animals at the stage of oestrus for 1.5 hrs early in
      the morning is the optimum one for obtaining females with the precisely dated
      time of pregnancy. The progeny of females fertilized after 10-11 hours in the
      morning, i. e. 9-11 hrs after the ovulation, decreases almost twice at the
      expense of embryonic mortality both prior and after the implantation due to the
      low viability of "overmatured" eggs.

PMID- 1215017
TI  - [Problems of prevention and treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1215019
TI  - [Venous blood circulation in chronic osteomyelitis of the crural bones according
      to phlebography data].

PMID- 1215018
TI  - [Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the limbs].

PMID- 1215020
TI  - [Non-articular reconstructive surgery in congenital subluxation of the hip].

PMID- 1215021
TI  - [Changes in the hip joint after supratrochanteric osteotomy of the ilium
      (clinical and experimental observation)].

PMID- 1215022
TI  - [Remote results of decompressive surgery in coxarthrosis].

PMID- 1215023
TI  - [Periostitis and periostosis caused by overstrain].

PMID- 1215024
TI  - [Roentgenological dynamics of osteogenesis in experimental elongating arthrodesis
      of the knee joint].

PMID- 1215025
TI  - [Change of growth and form of growing spine in surgical injury of the soft-tissue
      formation of its anterior segments].

PMID- 1215026
TI  - [Clinodactyly of the hand].

PMID- 1215027
TI  - [Intravital determination of mineral saturation of bones by the method of
      radiometry].

PMID- 1215028
TI  - [Change of central venous pressure and state of microcirculatory bed in
      experimental intramedullary osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1215029
TI  - [Study of cerebral blood flow by the method of hydrogen clearance in the acute
      period of prolonged compression of the limbs].

PMID- 1215031
TI  - [Closed fractures and fractures-dislocations of metatarsal bones and their
      treatment].

PMID- 1215030
TI  - [State of vertebral arteries in experimental subluxations and dislocations of the
      cervical vertebrae].

PMID- 1215032
TI  - [Treatment of clavicular fractures].

PMID- 1215033
TI  - [Thermography in diagnosis of inflammatory joint diseases].

PMID- 1215034
TI  - [Hearing acuity in congenital anomalies of the external auditory meatus and the
      middle ear].

PMID- 1215035
TI  - [Studies of the vestibular apparatus following surgery for hearing improvement
      using homografts].

PMID- 1215036
TI  - [Vestibular reactions in congenital anomalies of the middle and external ear].

PMID- 1215037
TI  - [Remarks on vasomotor etiopathogenesis of Meniere's disease].

PMID- 1215038
TI  - [Histamine in the treatment of Meniere's disease].

PMID- 1215039
TI  - [Immunological and clinical problems in ectopic thymoma].

PMID- 1215040
TI  - [The pathology of complications following influenza--induced otitis media].

PMID- 1215041
TI  - [Management of aneurysmatic bone cysts in nasal sinuses, the orbit and nose].

PMID- 1215042
TI  - [Anatomical and functional results of closed tympanoplasty in patients operated
      on at the Department of Laryngology of the Medical Academy in Lodz].

PMID- 1215043
TI  - [Case of fibrous osteodysplasia of the temporal bone complicated by
      cholesteatoma].

PMID- 1215044
TI  - [Contribution to the difficulties encountered in the removal of a cannula in
      children].

PMID- 1215045
TI  - [Dermatofibroma of the nose].

PMID- 1215046
TI  - [Case of extensive pyelocele of the frontal sinuses].

PMID- 1215047
TI  - [Esthesioneuroepithelioma of the nose].

PMID- 1215048
TI  - [Lateral pharyngeal cyst].

PMID- 1215049
TI  - [Case of cervicopharyngeal actinomycosis].

PMID- 1215050
TI  - [Pseudosarcoma of the nose].

PMID- 1215051
TI  - [Hemangioma of the nasal septum].

PMID- 1215052
TI  - [Septicemia following tonsillectomy].

PMID- 1215053
TI  - [2 cases of nasal septum abscesses in infants].

PMID- 1215054
TI  - [Prototype of a swinging chair of our design].

PMID- 1215055
TI  - [The value of EEG current control in elevated brain pressure, especially
      following drainage operations in children with internal hydrocephalus].

PMID- 1215056
TI  - [General anesthesia for stomatologic treatment in mentally retarded patients].

PMID- 1215058
TI  - [A contribution to the frequency of diseases in illegitimate children].

PMID- 1215057
TI  - [The value of dactyloscopy in pediatric practice].

PMID- 1215059
TI  - Microbial contamination of the gut; another feature of malnutrition.

PMID- 1215060
TI  - Reffeeding with free lactose milk (A1-110 Nestle) in children suffering from
      gastroenteritis and dehydration.

PMID- 1215061
TI  - Effect of low lactose milk "Eiwit Melk" (E.M.) on low birth weight infants with
      diarrhoea.

PMID- 1215063
TI  - Intraperitoneal fluid therapy in children.

PMID- 1215062
TI  - Treatment of cholera E1 Tor with Bactrim.

PMID- 1215064
TI  - Incidence of cholera in children under two years of age at the Dr. Soetomo
      Hospital, Surabaya.

PMID- 1215065
TI  - [Editorial: Liver diseases in childhood 2nd part].

PMID- 1215066
TI  - Pulmonary function in asthmatic children during thalassotherapy.
AB  - In 39 asthmatic children, 5-14 years of age, sent to the Kinderkurheim Satteldune
      for a 6 week course of thalassotherapy, the following pulmonary function studies
      were tested serially: Vital capacity (VC), one-second forced expiratory volume
      (FEV1), maximal mid-expiratory flow rate (MMFR) and peak flow rate (PFR). Results
      expressed as mean values per week of the group as a whole, showed subnormal
      results at initial testing in all 4 parameters measured. Improvement followed
      rapidly with the final level generally achieved during week 2. However,
      statistical analysis showed the differences between the initial and each of the
      subsequent values to be insignificant with one exception in the FEV1 values. Thus
      the clinical improvement observed in most patients during thalassotherapy could
      not be substantiated by pulmonary function tests.

PMID- 1215067
TI  - [Electrical resistance of cerebrospinal fluid in inflammatory diseases of central
      nervous system in children (author's transl)].
AB  - The specific electrical resistance of the cerebrospinal fluid was measured by
      means of conductometry in 14 cases of meningitis purulenta, 17 cases of
      meningitis serosa, 10 cases of encephalitis and in 32 control subjects. The mean
      value was found to be significantly increased in meningitis purulenta in
      comparison to the control group. The differences between the average values of
      the electrical resistance concerning other groups studied were found to be
      unsignificant. In some cases the initially increased electrical resistance of
      cerebrospinal fluid observed in the acute state of the disease reached the normal
      levels at the time of clinical improvement. The presumable causes of these
      phenomena are discussed.

PMID- 1215068
TI  - [Tasks and significance of investigations in paediatric sport medicine (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Hitherto there have been hardly any paediatric investigation into the effect of
      sport on children,--apart from physiological ones, (Rutenfranz). Yet these days
      children take part in sporting activities as a matter of course, and frequently
      very heavy demands are made on them. It therefore appeared appropriate to
      initiate these investigations. The basic requirements for the evaluation of the
      physical capacity of each individual child are successive examinations of the
      effects of each type of sport on the cardiovascular system, pulmonary function,
      locomotor system, metabolism, and the psychology of healthy children. The
      following investigations are therefore deemed desirable: electrocardiogram,
      respiration rate, respiratory volume, respiratory gas analysis, blood pressure,
      body temperature, electro-encephalogram, electro-myogram, gravity and pressure
      (acceleration) effects, and psychological assessment. It is necessary to examine
      both the immediate stress and strain, on the child, which can at times assume
      dangerous proportions, as well as the more long-term effects which can be of a
      positive nature (effect of training), or of a negative nature (detriments). A
      further basic of paediatric sport investigations is the evaluation of
      consequences of climate and altitude in relation to sport. But one must also
      examine the effects of individual types of sport on children with diseases of the
      heart, lungs, metabolism, locomotor system, and central nervous system, from the
      point of view as to which type of sport can be expected of such children which
      might be beneficial or might be detrimental. Paediatric sport examination should
      also demonstrate ways and means how disadvantageous effects of sport can be
      avoided and as a consequence, the results of the serial investigations must be of
      benefit in the assessment and counselling of the individual child.

PMID- 1215069
TI  - [Experimental studies concerning the metabolism, the nutriture, and the
      requirement for vitamin B6 in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - The study presented gives details about vitamin B6 metabolism in infancy and
      childhood. After a short review about the history of vitamin B6, some details are
      given about the chemical structure, the metabolism, and the functions of vitamin
      B6. The description of some modern methods for the determination of vitamin B6
      follows. The experimental part describes the relationship between vitamin B6
      nutriture of the pregnant woman and the B6 status of her newborn infant. Then
      some studies about the vitamin B6 nutriture of the preterm and the full term
      infant follow, giving some details about the maturation time of enzymes in
      vitamin B6 metabolism itself. The last chapter deals with the vitamin B6
      deficiency syndromes in infancy and childhood. The relations between vitamin B6
      and iron deficiency anemia on the one hand and vitamin B6 and celiac disease on
      the other hand represent some other new investigations in this field.

PMID- 1215070
TI  - [Long-term out-patient treatment of children with asthma with a theophylline
      ephedrine-hydroxyzine combination (author's transl)].
AB  - Drug combinations play an important role in the day-to-day management of
      asthmatic out-patients. The long-term use of such a combination (Marax) was
      assessed in 46 asthmatic children aged 1;6 to 13;8 years who were followed up for
      a maximum of 7 years. Using a daily dosage of up to 16 mg/kg bodyweight more than
      80% of children showed definite improvement leading to prevention or significant
      reduction of acute attacks and clearly reduced dyspnoeic states between attacks.
      Patients with very severe forms appeared to be influenced less favourably.
      Spirometric values were obtained in some of the patients and indicated reduction
      of obstruction. Patients with intrinsic and extrinsic asthma responded
      satisfactorily. The value of a long-term prophylactic treatment is discussed.
      These preliminary results appear to support this form of therapy.

PMID- 1215071
TI  - [Point out the diagnosis].

PMID- 1215072
TI  - [Megacystis].

PMID- 1215073
TI  - [Role of the myocyte in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis].

PMID- 1215074
TI  - [Multiorgan cryptococcosis in the course of lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1215075
TI  - [Morphology of cutaneomuscular changes in rats treated with Freund's adjuvant,
      collagen and streptolysin O].

PMID- 1215076
TI  - [Ultrastructure of Kaposi's sarcoma].

PMID- 1215077
TI  - [Malcoplakia of the urinary bladder].

PMID- 1215078
TI  - [Giant cell tumor of the lung].

PMID- 1215079
TI  - [Adenoma derived from Brunner's glands].

PMID- 1215080
TI  - [Pulmonary asbestosis and lung neoplasms].

PMID- 1215081
TI  - [Case of pigmented villonodular synovitis with fulminant course].

PMID- 1215082
TI  - [Certain neuroendocrine factors of regulation in children with somatogenic and
      hypophyseal nanism].

PMID- 1215083
TI  - [Early diagnosis and treatment of Shereshevskii-Turner syndrome in children].

PMID- 1215084
TI  - [Age characteristics of testosterone and epitestosterone excretion in healthy
      children and adolescents].

PMID- 1215085
TI  - [17-Ketosteroid excretion in children with accelerated growth and development].

PMID- 1215086
TI  - [Physical development of children with Addison's disease].

PMID- 1215087
TI  - [Problems of organization of pediatric endocrinological service].

PMID- 1215088
TI  - [Glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex at remote periods after hormonal
      therapy].

PMID- 1215089
TI  - [Effect of blood serum of healthy children and those with diabetes mellitus on
      lipolytic activity of the adipose tissue].

PMID- 1215090
TI  - [Indicators of the activity of sympathetic-adrenal system at different stages of
      development of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1215091
TI  - [Formation of antibodies to insulin in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1215092
TI  - [Role od amylase isoenzymes of blood serum in the evaluation of exocrine function
      of the pancreas in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1215093
TI  - [Periodontitis in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1215094
TI  - [Hearing functions in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1215096
TI  - [Organization of a pioneer camp of sanatorium type for children with diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 1215095
TI  - [Use of preparation of biguanide series in juvenile diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1215097
TI  - [Early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus among children].

PMID- 1215098
TI  - [Genealogical and clinico-biochemical basis of adiposusgenotype and its
      structural-evolutional model].

PMID- 1215099
TI  - [Certain indicators of liver function in obese children].

PMID- 1215100
TI  - [Vitamin B 12 content of blood serum and urine in obese school children].

PMID- 1215101
TI  - [Evaluation of functional possibilities in children and adolescents during
      physical exertion].

PMID- 1215102
TI  - [Lymph node lesions caused by atypical Mycobacteria].

PMID- 1215103
TI  - [Arteriovenous aneurysm of the lung in a 6-year-old boy].

PMID- 1215104
TI  - [Paragonimiasis of the lungs in an 11-year-old boy].

PMID- 1215105
TI  - Aversive cigarette smoking with an habitual, excessive smoker.
AB  - A 39-yr.-old patient was exposed to aversive cigarette smoking consisting of
      rapid smoking, handling of cigarette litter, and warm smoky air for 6 wk. He
      reduced from a baseline of 140 cigarettes per day to less than 20 at end of
      treatment. Follow-ups at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 mo. indicated a smoking rate of
      approximately 25% of baseline.

PMID- 1215107
TI  - Helpfulness of treatment and alcoholic characteristics.

PMID- 1215106
TI  - Discrimination by rhesus monkeys of diets containing supplemental amino acids.
AB  - Following an opportunity to demonstrate a preference for water with or without
      the addition of the amino acid isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, or
      tryptophan at a concentration proportional to that in whole egg protein, 9
      monkeys were subjected on 4 occasions to a 7-day experimental week when they
      received an isocaloric diet containing only one-fourth the amount of protein of
      their normal diet. An identical low-protein diet supplemented with one of the
      above amino acids, again at a concentration proportional to that in egg, was
      presented for an equivalent period during the experimental week and the amounts
      consumed of each diet were compared. Ss failed to exhibit a preference or an
      aversion for water supplemented with any of the amino acids; however, all low
      protein diets supplemented with an amino acid were consumed in greater quantities
      than a low-protein diet lacking a supplement. On Days 6 and 7 of the experimental
      weeks when protein depletion was most severe, Ss significantly (p less than .05)
      preferred the diet supplemented with isoleucine to a diet lacking the supplement.

PMID- 1215108
TI  - Increasing reading comprehension of two hyperactive children: preliminary
      investigation.
AB  - The differential effectiveness of oral and silent reading on comprehension was
      evaluated for two third-grade children who were hyperactive and who displayed
      comprehension deficits. Oral reading resulted in significantly fewer
      comprehension errors than did silent reading. Time to read a story and number of
      comprehension errors were negatively correlated. Several possible mechanisms
      involved in the effect of responding orally were discussed.

PMID- 1215109
TI  - Self-concept and participation in children's gymnastics.
AB  - 20 third grade children participating in a community athletic program of
      gymnastics were not significantly different on either academic or movement
      related self-concept measures from 15 children who did not participate in an
      athletic program. Academic and movement self-concepts were related but were more
      situationally specific than general.

PMID- 1215110
TI  - Time perception: effects of introversion/extraversion and task interest.
AB  - 32 extraverted and 32 introverted college students rated the interest value and
      estimated the duration of 3-min. intervals filled with reading. There were 3 dull
      and 3 interesting readings. It was hypothesized that time perceptions of
      extraverts and introverts would differ when their interest in the task was
      dissimilar. But no personality differences in time perception and few in interest
      were found; both extraverts and introverts judged the intervals to be shorter
      when the reading was interesting.

PMID- 1215111
TI  - Is the reaction time-movement time relationship 'essentially zero'?
AB  - It was hypothesized that, if RM-MT correlations are "essentially zero," then the
      magnitude of that correlation should not be subject to variation due to the
      manipulation of various experimental variables. In this experiment, Ss were
      tested with either RT-MT together or done separately. Results indicated
      significant relationships for 18 males but not for 18 females. The "essentially
      zero" position was discussed as being procedurally specific.

PMID- 1215113
TI  - Precise heart-rate control and heart-rate perception.

PMID- 1215112
TI  - Perceptual vigilance and defense revisited: evidence against Blum's
      psychoanalytic theory of subliminal perception.
AB  - Blum's (1954) interpretation of psychoanalytic theory leads him to predict that
      Ss will defend against a threatening stimulus which is just below a recognition
      threshold and be vigilant toward the same stimulus when it is farther below the
      same threshold. 7 males and 9 females were presented the same four Blacky
      pictures, at the same speed and illumination, and using the same procedure as
      Blum. The results offered no support for the theory of perceptual vigilance or
      defense. The many weaknesses inherent in Blum's theory and supporting methodology
      were discussed.

PMID- 1215114
TI  - Visual search through words and nonwords in horizontal and vertical orientations.
AB  - In a repeated measurement design, 18 college women searched for target letters in
      18 lists of common words, rare words, and nonwords arranged either vertically or
      horizontally. The mean search time in seconds for three trials in each of six
      conditions was expected to be significantly slower for nonwords than for words
      and for vertical orientations than for horizontal orientations. More importantly,
      a significant interaction was predicted between direction of search and the type
      of list searched. Results confirmed earlier findings that the two main effects
      were significant; the significant interaction provided empirical evidence that
      consideration needs to be given to both intraword redundancy and direction of
      visual search.

PMID- 1215115
TI  - Further comparison of video tape and face-to-face interviewing.
AB  - Previous search has suggested strong similarity of data from the Standardized
      Video Tape Interview and face-to-face interview procedures. This hypothesis was
      substantiated by further analysis of the effects of subject variables and their
      possible differential interaction with the two interview modes. Although no
      interview mode and/or interviewer-interviewee interactions as such were found,
      several significant interviewer's sex differences were found and explanations
      offered.

PMID- 1215116
TI  - Effect of target separation on selective attention.
AB  - A visual search task, in which subjects searched circular stimulus displays for
      two instances of a prespecified target, was used to investigate the effects of
      target-separation on accuracy. When a comparison was made of the total number of
      targets correctly located at each separation, no significant differences were
      found, and this suggested that, within the range of separations (maximum of 2.53
      degrees) examined, the selective processing of the relevant items was not
      influenced by the distance separating them. Also, assuming that the redundancy of
      target items increased the probability of a target being perceived, the
      differences between the number of first targets correctly located and the number
      correct in a single target condition, were in the predicted direction. However,
      they failed to reach significance.

PMID- 1215117
TI  - Peripheral vision training in reading speed and comprehension.
AB  - Of two groups of 8 college students receiving 15.75 hr. of speed reading
      training, an experimental group was given an additional 2.25 hr. of peripheral
      vision training. Peripheral vision increased for both groups, but reading speed
      improved only in the trained group. Reading comprehension scores were not
      affected.

PMID- 1215118
TI  - Anchor effects and figural aftereffects: a comparative psychophysical
      investigation.
AB  - Perceptual contrast effect was studied from two points of view, as a special
      anchor effect and as a special figural aftereffect. Two experiments were
      conducted to investigate the influence of stimulus onset asynchrony on contrast
      and assimilation effects, induced and measured by different psychophysical
      methods. Stimuli were circular beams of light projected on screens (Delboef type
      of illusion). When anchor and series stimuli were shown and the latter were
      judged by means of a rating scale, stimulus onset asychrony had no substantial
      influence on the contrast effect (Exp. I). When the constant method was applied,
      however, the asynchrony altered the shape of the contrast effect considerably
      (Exp. II).

PMID- 1215119
TI  - Helium pressure effects on avoidance behavior in rats breathing high nitrogen
      pressures.
AB  - 3 rats given avoidance training and then exposed to 7, 13, and 19 ATA breathing
      nitrogen, then to 25, 31, and 37 ATA breathing helium, showed increased avoidance
      response rates above established baselines to 19 ATA followed by a decline.
      Narcotic effects of nitrogen were not reduced differentially by addition of
      helium.

PMID- 1215120
TI  - Abstract conceptualization in schizophrenia: a fundamental psychological deficit?
AB  - Wright (1975) has recently argued that impairment in abstract conceptualization
      is an important schizophrenic deficit. We contend that the data to which he
      refers are insufficient support for that conclusion. Although schizophrenics'
      performance on sorting tasks may be less efficient than that of some other
      groups, the significance of this finding is debatable. A differential deficit in
      conceptual ability has not been shown and the confounding effects of third
      variables have not been ruled out. In addition, the validity of sorting
      techniques in measuring abstraction has not been adequately established. These
      methodological issues have a more general applicability to the study of
      psychopathology. Appreciation of them and a more specific definition of
      "acceptable evidence" would reduce considerably the continuing state of confusion
      in research on psychological deficit.

PMID- 1215121
TI  - Treatment of stuttering: a case history.

PMID- 1215122
TI  - Visual aesthetic complexity, attractiveness and diversive exploration.
AB  - Ratings by 60 Ss showed a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between
      attractiveness and complexity of 15 paintings of human figures while rated
      interest tended to increase with complexity. Ss most often selected and least
      often rejected paintings rated highly attractive and moderately complex for
      further viewing.

PMID- 1215123
TI  - Visual significance of pupillary response to an auditory task.
AB  - Subjects simultaneously performed visual and auditory detection tasks. Pupillary
      dilation accompanies increased cognitive load such as that caused by the auditory
      tasks. Errors in the visual task increased when the auditory task became more
      difficult. The increase was greater when the effects of pupillary dilation were
      blocked by an artificial pupil.

PMID- 1215124
TI  - Monaural ear differences for same-different reaction times to speech with prior
      knowledge of ear stimulated.
AB  - Morais and Darwin's (1974) finding of a right-ear advantage for speech on a "same
      different" reaction-time task under monaural stimulation was replicated with 8 Ss
      who knew before each block of trials which ear would be stimulated. The effect
      cannot be accounted for in terms of a lateral bias in voluntary attention.

PMID- 1215125
TI  - Pupillary measurement and release from proactive inhibition.
AB  - One of the explanations of release from proactive inhibition in short-term memory
      is that the subjects re-attend to the items on the release trial because the
      items are different from the previous ones. It is further assumed that this
      increase in attention causes the relase items to be learned better than the
      preceding items. This experiment measured the pupils of the subjects' eyes while
      they were participating in a proactive-inhibition release-type task. The results
      showed no increase in attention, as indexed by pupil size, on the release trial.
      This did not support the attentional explanation of the proactive-inhibition
      release phenomenon.

PMID- 1215126
TI  - Effect of subliminal stimuli on consumer behavior: negative evidence.
AB  - The study corrected methodological weaknesses found in previous experiments
      designed to test the contentions of motivational research theorists that
      subliminal stimulation can affect buying behavior. The words "Hershey's
      Chocolate" were presented to a group of 18 experimental Ss below a forced-choice
      detection threshold. The 19 control Ss had a blank slide superimposed over the
      same background media. In a highly controlled buying situation neither
      experimental nor control Ss purchased Hershey's products, but on comparable
      chocolate products, the experimental Ss bought 5 and the control Ss, 3. A second
      study tested 15 experimental and 12 control Ss with the stimulus presented just
      below a recognition threshold. No experimental Ss bought Hershey's; two control
      Ss did. No support was found for the claims of motivational research theorists.

PMID- 1215127
TI  - Attention in performance of a complex skill by retarded children.
AB  - Try materials were used to train 9 retarded children to attend to differences in
      colors and shapes of objects, and Frostig worksheets were used to train the
      children to attend to left-to-right directionality. Evidence suggests Ss' ability
      to attend to these characteristics was generalized to a complex bead-stringing
      task on which significant gains in performance were found immediately after 15
      days of practice with training materials and after a 6-mo. interval of no further
      training or practice.

PMID- 1215128
TI  - Two-part stimulus integration and specific reading disability.
AB  - 29 dyslexics and 29 control children were presented with two halves of a black
      cross, one-half being presented at varying interstimulus intervals after the
      other half. Both dichoptic and binocular presentations were used and separation
      thresholds were at greater interstimulus intervals for the dichoptic condition.
      Dyslexics had thresholds at greater intervals than controls. These differences
      were significant and there was no significant interaction of group by dichoptic
      condition. The relative magnitudes of difference between dyslexics and controls
      were as previously reported by Stanley and Hall (1973) and support the notion
      that dyslexics have longer visual persistence than controls.

PMID- 1215129
TI  - Instructional, pacing, and feedback control of respiratory behavior.
AB  - Procedures designed to affect respiration rate and amplitude were assessed for 4
      groups of 8 subjects each. The groups were exposed to combinations of procedures
      providing feedback for decreasing respiration amplitude, pacing respiration rate,
      and instructions on rate and amplitude of breathing. After an initial baseline,
      effects were examined during both treatment and self-management phases for
      respiratory activity and concurrent heart-rate and electromyogram activity.
      Reliable effects of pacing on respiration rate, and a slight, but non-significant
      effect on amplitude were observed. No effects were observed for any heart-rate or
      electromyogram measures.

PMID- 1215130
TI  - Creative perceptions of Hungarian and American Students.
AB  - The creative self-perceptions on Something About Myself of 227 Hungarian and 672
      American high school and college males and females were compared. Americans
      obtained significantly higher mean scores on Environmental Sensitivity, Self
      strength and Intellectuality as well as on the Total Scale, whereas Hungarians
      obtained significantly higher scores on Initiative, Individuality, and Artistry.
      The observed differences to variability in cultural emphasis.

PMID- 1215131
TI  - Delay in retention of forms.
AB  - 10 forms were drawn on the palms of 48 subjects who were without vision. Subjects
      were then required haptically to explore three forms and choose the drawn shape.
      Three intervals, 0, 5, and 15 sec., were inserted between the presentation of the
      drawn form and the choice. It was expected that there would be a decline in the
      accuracy of form recognition with an increase in delay. Form recognition was
      significantly superior with no delay and loss of shape information seems to occur
      rather quickly since there was no significant difference in the accuracy of form
      recognition between the two longer delays.

PMID- 1215132
TI  - Note on decision time/movement time relationships in normal and depressed
      subjects.
AB  - It has been suggested that under normal conditions, there is no relationship
      between decision and movement time components of response latency. However, for
      normal Ss, induced elevation of decision time produces conpensatory reductions in
      movement time. Psychomotor retardation, commonly observed in depressive patients,
      shows in the main, elevations for decision time. Such patients should also
      produce compensatory reductions in movement time. This was found not to be so.
      While 15 controls exhibited no relationship between decision and movement times,
      30 depressive Ss exhibited a positive one. The result was discussed in terms of a
      post hoc postulate of motivational deficit among depressive patients.

PMID- 1215133
TI  - Field articulation and linguistic structures.
AB  - The relation of field articulation to sensitivity to linguistic structures was
      explored. Subjects (23 males and 23 females) were given the rod-and-frame test
      and then made true-false judgments of sentences varying in grammatical and
      semantic complexity. While increased complexity did increase the difficulty of
      true-false judgments of sentences, the latencies of these judgments were
      unrelated to the scores on the rod-and-frame test. These results were discussed
      in terms of the generality of previous studies reporting a relationship between
      field articulation and linguistic abilities.

PMID- 1215134
TI  - Color preferences, extraversion, and neuroticism of art students.
AB  - Color preferences of 190 art students (Gotz & Gotz, 1974, 1975) were compared
      with the corresponding scores on extraversion (E) and neuroticism (N). It was
      found that the preferences of a group of 27 highly gifted young artists were
      different from preferences of average and less gifted Ss who had little or no
      artistic practice. In the latter group extraverts and ambiverts mainly preferred
      primary and secondary colors (light clear and dark clear tones included), while
      introverts preferred tertiary colors (earth colors) and achromatics. However, in
      the group of highly gifted Ss no significant differences between positive and
      negative rankings in both color categories were found. Neuroticism had no effect
      on color preferences; this holds for introverts and extraverts and for each
      single color.

PMID- 1215135
TI  - Dichotic ear preferences of stuttering children and adults.
AB  - 39 stutterers and 39 normal speakers indicated their ear preferences for
      dichotically presented words and digits. A single response mode for both dichotic
      words and digits was selected to study speech perception. Stutterers showed
      significantly less of the normal right-ear preference for dichotic words and
      digits than non-stutterers. The proportion of stutterers who failed to
      demonstrate a right-ear preference for dichotic words was significantly greater
      than for non-stutterers. 18% of the stutterers and none of the non-stutterers
      showed reversed or a left-ear preference for dichotic digits. Although non
      stuttering children and adults performed alike on the dichotic tasks, the right
      ear dichotic-words scores of stuttering children were significantly smaller than
      those of adult stutterers. The results are related to an early notion that
      stuttering may be related to mixed dominance and recent evidence showing that
      large percentages of older stuttering children show spontaneous remission of
      stuttering.

PMID- 1215136
TI  - Relationship between pulse pressure, arteriosclerosis, and a visual reversal
      phenomenon.
AB  - Varying numbers of Ss were studied on a task producing a perceived reversal in
      the direction of rotating objects. Ss were required to indicate when reversal in
      the direction of rotation of the percept occurred for the first time. Low initial
      reversal time coincided with high pulse pressure which is an indicator or
      arteriosclerotic processes. The relationship of initial reversal time and pulse
      pressure existed for all Ss with histories of cerebro-vascular accident, amputees
      secondary to diabetes mellitus, and many control Ss (a nonpatient group of higher
      socio-economic and intellectual levels) who had a poor health history regarding
      high blood pressure and/or diabetes mellitus. In contrast, control Ss with no
      cardio-vascular or diabetic problems had high initial reversal times or no
      reversal at all. Initial reversal time was stable over a short as well as longer
      periods of time. Initial reversal time may be useful as an adjunct in the
      prognosis of arteriosclerotic pathology.

PMID- 1215137
TI  - Rod-and-frame test performance among naval aviation personnel.

PMID- 1215138
TI  - Pupillary changes during encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.
AB  - 6 subjects were each auditorily presented six lists of 7-digit numbers for
      retention intervals of 0, 5, and 10 sec. Pupil size was recorded during stimulus
      presentation, retention, interval, and recall of items. Results indicated that
      pupil dilation occurred during encoding and retrieval of stimulus items.
      Pupillary constriction was found during the retention interval when rehearsal was
      presumed to occur.

PMID- 1215140
TI  - An experimental reunion of psychoanalytic theory with perceptual vigilance and
      defense. Reply to Jennings and George.

PMID- 1215139
TI  - Correlation between visual disembedding and basketball shooting by male and
      female varsity college athletes.

PMID- 1215141
TI  - Electromyograph responses and performance success estimates as a function of
      internal-external control.
AB  - For 12 externally scoring college women, marginally significant correlations of
      EMG recordings with self-estimates of success in tensing forearm muscles (-.50)
      and with success in relaxing these muscles (-.54) were obtained. Similar
      correlations for 12 internally scoring women were much smaller. Analysis of
      variance of means had indicated no differences in ability of these groups to
      control muscles of the forearm.

PMID- 1215142
TI  - Effect of color in rearing and testing environment on the behavior of young
      domestic chicks.
AB  - Young domestic chicks were reared individually in compartments of four different
      colors and then tested either in a color-preference test with stationary objects
      (N equals 128) or with a moving stimulus (N equals 128). For each type of test we
      used four background colors in the test arena. The dependent variables included
      color preferences, following behavior and emotional responses of the young
      chicks. The results showed no significant effects of the color of the arena
      background in either test situation. The color of the rearing compartment was a
      significant factor affecting color preferences in the test with stationary
      objects. In both test situations the colors red, and then green, were the most
      potent in affecting the color preferences and emotional responses exhibited by
      the chicks.

PMID- 1215144
TI  - [Treatment of malignant melanomas. Trial of D.T.I.C. by intra-arterial infusion].
AB  - D.T.I.C. appears more and more to possess the characteristics of an effective
      chemical agent in the treatment of naevocarcinoma. Having been able to include it
      in a mixed chemotherapy programme used in a group of 44 patients, we report here
      our findings. This is a preliminary study, the results of which will have to be
      confirmed in time on a larger group of patients over a longer period of
      observation.

PMID- 1215143
TI  - [Bone marrow scintigraphy in anemia caused by impaired hemopoiesis. Respective
      values of technetium colloids and indium-transferrin].
AB  - Thirty-six patients with different types of bone marrow failure have been studied
      by double scintigraphy, with 99mTc-colloids and 111In.-transferrin. The observed
      results are compared to those obtained by bone marrow biopsy and ferro-kinetic
      studies. Despite our imperfect knowledge of the physiology of indium, and the non
      selectivity of this tracer for the erythropoietic line, the good correlation
      observed in most cases between scintigraphy with 111In. and ferro-kinetics and
      bone marrow histology is an argument which favours the clinical use of this
      tracer. A striking difference between the results of scintigraphy with Tc
      colloids and scintigraphy with 111In. was noticed in chronic erythroblastopenias,
      and in most of the aplastic anemias, primitive or due to partial leukemic
      involvement of the bone marrow. It is suggested that this double study may have
      an interest for the prognosis in these cases. In patients with lymphoma, treated
      by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, In. and Tc scintigraphies show an extension
      of active bone marrow to normally inactive zones. It indicates a severe defect of
      the normally active zones, and appears to be a contra-indication for any
      supplementary chemotherapy. In myeloid metaplasias, this study may be useful for
      the choice of treatment, by giving precise indications on the degree of splenic
      erythropoiesis and of bone marrow cellular depletion.

PMID- 1215146
TI  - [Use of Ender's fasciculated nail for associated (cervical and diaphyseal)
      fractures of the femur].

PMID- 1215147
TI  - [Crossed ilio-femoral bypass graft using the obturator foramen].

PMID- 1215145
TI  - [Mesenteric-caval anastomosis using an interposed dacron graft. Apropos of 5
      cases].
AB  - Five meso-caval shunts with the use of dacron prostheses are reported in the
      adult. Any other type of portocaval decompression was impossible in 2 cases
      (splenoportal thrombosis) but this procedure was elected in 3 cases (2 Budd
      Chiari syndromes, 1 cirrhosis with perihepatitis). This operation proved to be
      technically simple and satisfactory. A cirrhotic patient died 5 days later,
      because of acute hepatic necrosis, the four others cases being followed by a
      smooth postoperative course with a favorable effect on hemorrhage and/or ascites.
      Thrombosis of the graft was not observed (3 angiographic controls, 2 clinically
      obvious patencies). The follow-up is too short (maximum one year) to extend the
      indications of this appealing technical procedure.

PMID- 1215148
TI  - [Surgical correction of scoliosis. Technic of anterior correction of plate
      insertion].

PMID- 1215149
TI  - [Intravascular hemolysis. Assessment by determination of haptoglobin, hemopexin
      and orosomucoid].
AB  - In 100 patients suffering from intravascular haemolysis, a "protein profile" was
      made on the basis of measurement of haptoglobin, haemopexin and orosomucoid. The
      estimations were carried out using a rapid precise automatic technique using
      monospecific immune serum. The results obtained indicate that these tests are
      sensitive and reliable.

PMID- 1215150
TI  - [Measurement of the blood levels of antiepileptic drugs. I. General principals].
AB  - The authors report some basic notions on the pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic
      drugs, and the informations given by serum level determinations of
      anticonvulsants. It is not conceivable to treat epileptics without taking into
      account these facts. But it is neither necessary nor desirable to measure blood
      levels of antiepileptic drugs in every patient.

PMID- 1215152
TI  - [Letter: Lithiasis of the common bile duct. Treatment by endoscopy].

PMID- 1215151
TI  - [Letter: Bismuth encephalopathy. 4 cases observed in a general medical
      department].

PMID- 1215153
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of idiopathic cyclic edema syndromes. Value of
      dihydroergotoamine methanesulfonate].

PMID- 1215155
TI  - [Letter: Cerebrovascular accidents after oral contraceptives].

PMID- 1215154
TI  - [Letter: Acrodermatitis enteropathica. Treatment with zinc sulfate].

PMID- 1215156
TI  - [Letter: Cheyletiella larvae causing persistent anal pruritus].

PMID- 1215157
TI  - [Letter: Progress in thyroid function testing. Radiologic determination of
      thyroxine (T4-R)].

PMID- 1215158
TI  - [Letter: Measurement of bile salts in gallbladder bile].

PMID- 1215159
TI  - [Myocardial scintigraphy using thallium 201. New development].

PMID- 1215160
TI  - [Blood transfusions and Jehovah's Witnesses].

PMID- 1215161
TI  - [Refusal to consent to a treatment by the parents of a minor child in danger of
      dying].

PMID- 1215162
TI  - [Refusal of a life-saving transfusion. To what extent may this refusal by a
      traffic accident victim influence the increase in damages and benefits solicited
      by those with a right to them?].

PMID- 1215163
TI  - [Measurement of the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. Application to patients with
      angina pectoris with normal coronography. Study of 10 cases].
AB  - A study of 2-3 D.P.C. (diphosphoglycerate) and of P50 (PO2 of half-saturation of
      blood at pH 7.40, PCO2 40 torr and temperature 37 degrees C) was carried out in
      ten subjects: eight women and two men suffering from angina pectoris with no
      evidence of obstruction on their coronary arteriograms. The study was made with
      the subjects at rest, in the absence of any acute coronary episode. The results
      show that these patients have a normal affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen: the 2
      3 D.P.G. was 13.05 +/- 2.2 muM.g-1 Hb; P50 was 26.7 +/- 1.3 torr; Hill's "n" was
      2.65 +/- 0.29. Deviation to the right of the oxyhaemoglobin curve may be seen,
      after effort or during a provoked attack, but this movement to the right seems to
      be the result rather than the cause of the myocardial ischaemia.

PMID- 1215164
TI  - [Practical value of the measurement of red cell volume in polyglobulia].
AB  - The practical interest of the direct measurement of the red blood cell volume in
      clinical haematology remains a matter of discussion. A retrospective study of 385
      cases with high haematocrit values shows that the measurement of RBC volume is
      useful for the diagnosis between true and spurious polycythemia only when the
      haematocrit value is slightly increased (until 52 p.cent in women and 55 p.cent
      in men). At the higher values of haematocrit, the direct measurement of the RBC
      volume does not help for the diagnosis between primitive and secondary
      polycythemia, but may be useful for the choice of the treatment.

PMID- 1215165
TI  - [Osteomalcaia and chronic pancreatis. 5 cases].
AB  - The authors report five cases of an association between osteomalacia and chronic
      calcifying pancreatitis. The pancreatic involvement, which was pain-free in four
      patients, resulted in all cases in enzyme insufficiency with steatorrhoea. The
      deficiency-type osteopathy was highly vitamin sensitive. Aetiological study of
      these cases of osteomalacia revealed the constant presence of factors aggravating
      the vitamin deficiency, playing a role by increasing deficient intake or
      malabsorption, or by increasing Vitamin D requirements. It thus appears that
      hypovitaminosis D alone, of particular severity, was sufficient to result in the
      appearance of clinically evident osteomalacia. Such a vitamin deficiency,
      necessary when the intestinal mucosa is intact, is only rarely encountered, which
      accounts for the extreme rarity of osteomalacia in association with chronic
      pancreatic disorders.

PMID- 1215167
TI  - [Long term drainage in abdominal surgery. The multitubular silicone sheet].

PMID- 1215168
TI  - [Infection and cicatrization].

PMID- 1215166
TI  - [Valvular tube gastrostomy].
AB  - Valvular tube gastrostomy was performed on 90 patients whose lesions necessitated
      permanent alimentary gastrostomy. 60 were cases of cancer of the oesophagus where
      the tumor could not be removed, and 30 were cancers of the oropharynx. 10 (11
      p.cent) died within one month of surgery, but slackening of the sutures was an
      attributable cause in none of these cases. 4 succumbed to their cancer before the
      sixth month. The functional results of those surviving more than 6 months were
      examined: -- 75 p.cent had very good results; -- 17 p.cent had mediocre results,
      but feeding was still possible; -- 8 p.cent had bad results and a second
      operation was necessary.

PMID- 1215170
TI  - [Cicatrization and esthetics].

PMID- 1215169
TI  - [Cicatrization and function].

PMID- 1215171
TI  - [Letter: Cardiac arrest following the rapid intravenous injection of lincomycin].

PMID- 1215172
TI  - [Letter: Conn's adenoma and adrenal scintography].

PMID- 1215173
TI  - [Letter: Icterus caused by cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1215174
TI  - [Letter: Acute renal insufficiency caused by hyperuricemia].

PMID- 1215175
TI  - [Letter: Lactate and pyruvate levels in whole blood and plasma].

PMID- 1215176
TI  - [Letter: Value of electron microscopy in demonstrating viral bodies in feces].

PMID- 1215177
TI  - [Practical value of the measurement of red cell volume in anemia].
AB  - In most cases of anemia, haematocrit is a good index of the degree of the red
      blood cell mass decrease; however, in the patients with renal deficiency,
      hyposideremic anemia, or severe hemolysis, a variable response of the plasma
      volume to anemia makes any measurement of the hematocrit a poor index of the red
      cell mass; in patients with splenomegaly, an excess of plasma volume makes any
      measurement of the treatment. The direct measurement of the red cell mass appears
      to be useful in clinical practice in many cases with anemia.

PMID- 1215178
TI  - [Early detection of venous thromboses of the lower limb in traumatology by
      labelled fibrinogen].
AB  - In emergency traumatology, the iodine 125 labelled fibrinogen test is useful in
      the early detection of phlebitis in patients in whom the routine use of heparin
      is not possible--fractures of the cervical spine, severe cranial trauma, elderly
      subjects. It makes possible the institution of appropriate heparin therapy,
      without waiting for clinical signs to become evident. We noted that isotopic
      venous thromboses occured very frequently and very early, and that clinical
      signs, when present (50 p. cent of cases) occurrer 24 to 48 hours after the
      appearance of isotopic signs.

PMID- 1215180
TI  - [Elongation of the vastus lateralis in luxation and subluxation of the patella].

PMID- 1215179
TI  - [Chronic nephropathy in saturnism. Comparative elimination of lead by classic
      chelating agents and peritoneal dialysis].
AB  - The authors report one case of saturnism with chronic nephropathy. In a 49 years
      old Caucasian male, the diagnosis was suggested by the following findings. Two
      acute abdominal crisis associated with a severe increase in blood pressure and a
      slight but significant elevation in the lead concentration in blood (1 mg/l) and
      urine (0,42 and 0,60 mg/24 h). The chronic poisoning was explained by the high
      lead concentration in the drinking water used by the patient. Despite chronic
      renal failure, a significant lead urinary chelation was obtained after infusion
      of Edetate calcium disodium (8 mg/24 h). Although E.D.T.A. keep its value for
      diagnosis this chelating agent is less effective on lead removal than the
      peritoneal dialysis (15 mg over a 36 hour-period) which appears to be the most
      useful method for treatment in case of chronic nephropathy.

PMID- 1215181
TI  - [Postoperative icterus].

PMID- 1215182
TI  - [Letter: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for refractory osseous painful attacks in
      homozygous drepanocytosis].

PMID- 1215183
TI  - [Letter: Prevention of abdominal eviscerations].

PMID- 1215184
TI  - [Letter: Hyaline membrane disease. Role of complement].

PMID- 1215185
TI  - [Letter: Sclerosis of esophageal varices under fiberscopic control].

PMID- 1215186
TI  - [Letter: Compressive hemopericardium complicating a fissured infarct of the
      myocardium. Sucessful treatment by surgery and assisted circulation].

PMID- 1215187
TI  - [Letter: Intolerance to minocycline. Apropos of 38 cases].

PMID- 1215188
TI  - [Letter: Abnormalities of the gallbladder in mucoviscidosis].

PMID- 1215189
TI  - [Electrocardiographic changes induced by cardiac stimulation].

PMID- 1215191
TI  - [Recruitment of psychiatrists].

PMID- 1215190
TI  - [Necessary prevention of the complications of hypertension. I].

PMID- 1215192
TI  - [Fulminating hepatitis caused by glue thistle (Atractylis glummifera-L.),
      poisoning. Anatomo-pathological study of 4 cases].
AB  - The toxicity of the "glue thistle" is well known in Algeria. 10 children were
      involved in a case of collective poisoning. Only two survived. Histo-pathological
      studies were made in four cases, the clinical and histological picture being that
      of a fulminating hepatitis with major hepatocellular necrosis.

PMID- 1215193
TI  - [Appendical innervation in the long types of Hirschsprung's disease. Histological
      and histoenzymatic study].
AB  - On the basis of the fact that the autonomic innervation of the appendix reflects
      that of the caecum, that appendicectomy is easier and less dangerous than
      multiple biopsies of the wall of the colon and that frozen section and later
      study, with the aid of a rapid histoenzymatic technique, is more convenient than
      that of small fragments which are always difficult to orientate, the authors
      recommend this investigation in cases in which a syndrome of obstruction in the
      neonatal or postnatal period poses the problem of the diagnosis and emergency
      treatment for total absence of colonic ganglia.

PMID- 1215194
TI  - [Proof of the absence of prostaglandin secretion by a medullary carcinoma of the
      thyroid with functional diarrhea].
AB  - In a patient who had undergone surgery for a medullary carcinoma of the thyroid,
      and with multiple hepatic metastases and severe diarrhoea, prostaglandins PGE1,
      PGE2, and PGF2alpha measured in peripheral venous blood and hepatic venous blood
      were normal in level and closely comparable, i.e. without gradient. Arachidonic
      acid, a PGs precursor, labelled with Iodine 131 was not taken up in the plaques
      of hypofixation seen with bengal rose and technetium sulphate. Finally, aspirin
      and indomethacin failed to relieve the diarrhoea. It is suggested that PGs were
      not secreted by the hepatic metastases and could not therefore be considered
      responsible for the diarrhoea.

PMID- 1215195
TI  - [Myocardial incompetence in septic shock].

PMID- 1215197
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of hemopigmented villonodular synovitis. Value of isotopic
      synoviorthesis].

PMID- 1215196
TI  - [Ultraselective vagotomy followed by fundus plication].

PMID- 1215198
TI  - [Letter: IgA level in cancer patients].

PMID- 1215200
TI  - [Letter: Acquisition of a B antigen in groupe A subjects. Research in 200
      patients of a gastroenterology department].

PMID- 1215199
TI  - [Letter: Indifferent cancer of the thyroid gland. Remission by adriamycine].

PMID- 1215201
TI  - [Letter: Acute circulatory insufficiencies revealing abdominal emergencies].

PMID- 1215202
TI  - [Letter: Pubic symphysitis due to phlebography by pubic infections].

PMID- 1215204
TI  - [Letter: Mysterious fever in a tourist returning from Morocco].

PMID- 1215205
TI  - [Letter: Akinetic mutism, a behavioral syndrome].

PMID- 1215203
TI  - [Letter: Specifique IgE of soluble antigens of hydatic cyst. Demonstration by the
      RAST (Radio-Allergo-Sorbent-Test)].

PMID- 1215206
TI  - [Letter: Tumor of the endodermic sinuses of Teilum. Meaning].

PMID- 1215208
TI  - ["Respect life, accept death"].

PMID- 1215207
TI  - [Letter: Myasthenia and autoimmune thyroiditis during rheumatoid polyarthritis
      treated by D-penicillamine].

PMID- 1215209
TI  - Partition coefficient of 133Xe between blood and eye tissues.
AB  - The relative solubility coefficient of 133Xe and the tissue-blood partition
      coefficient for the aqueous humour vitreous body, conjunctiva and external eye
      muscles of the rabbit were determined in vitro at 37 degrees C and at various
      haematocrit values. The partition coefficient for haematocrit 40 was: for the
      aqueous humour 0,49 ml/ml, for the vitreous body 0,50 ml/ml, for the conjunctiva
      0,81 ml/g and for the external eye muscles 0,77 ml/g. It was found that the
      solubility of 133Xe in rabbit erythrocytes is about 50 per cent higher than that
      in human red cells. The consequences of this fact for the precision of blood flow
      measurements by the method of tissue clearance are discussed.

PMID- 1215210
TI  - Tc-99m labeled complexes of aldehydes and glutamate as cholescintigraphic agents.
AB  - Tc-99m pyridoxylidene glutamate has proven to be an excellent biliary scanning
      agent, far superior in many respect to the commonly used I-131 rose bengal. The
      preparation of the compound as previously reported by Baker et al is too time
      consuming and requires the use of an autoclave which is not available in most
      nuclear medicine departments. In our facility, we have been preparing similar
      compounds using several aldehydes and monosodium glutamate to make labeled
      complexes having the same pharmacological characteristics. The mixture of
      monosodium glutamate, aldehyde, and Tc-99m pertechnetate is made slightly
      alkaline, purged with helium, and placed in a sealed vial. The vial, which is
      protected by a wire basket, is then heated in a laboratory oven at 130 degrees C
      for a period of 15 to 20 minutes. During this time, the technetium is reduced to
      a lower valence state and bound to the complex formed. Chromatographic data show
      that these compounds are chemically similar to that previously reported. The
      compounds prepared concentrate in the gall bladder of the rabbit in less than 10
      minutes. Kinetic studies have been performed on dogs with a scintillation camera
      and small digital computer to measure rates of blood clearance, liver and gall
      bladder uptake, and excretion into the intestine. The aldehyde -- glutamate
      complex promises to be a useful scanning agent for the diagnosis of biliary and
      hepatocellular diseases.

PMID- 1215211
TI  - Combined scintigraphic study of the lung: what does the inhalation study add?
AB  - In 175 patients the results of combined isotope studies i. e. inhalation and
      perfusion scintigraphy were compared with those of chest x-ray. The absorbed
      radiation dose due to the inhalation study calculated for whole body was 3
      mrad/500 muCi, lungs 380 mrad/500 muCi, ovaries 0.3 mrad/500 muCi and testes 0.03
      mrad/500 muCi. In 44 of our cases the isotope studies suggested the presence of a
      vascular occlusion, not detectable on the x-ray film in 36 cases. In the
      remaining 8 cases the inhalation study was found to add to the precision of the
      diagnosis. In nearly all other cases it was not found to have any diagnostic
      value.

PMID- 1215213
TI  - [Anemia in terminal kidney insufficiency: ferrokinetics, erythrocyte survival
      times and erythrocyte enzymes in chronic dialysis patients].
AB  - Radio-iron utilization was nearly normal in these patients, only bilateral
      nephrectomized patients showed a reduced radio-iron utilization. Red blood half
      life span was shortened in all patients, well corresponding to the degree of
      anemia. Parameters of erythropoesis like plasma iron clearance, bone marrow
      transit time, erythron iron turnover, non erythron iron turnover and hemolysis
      iron turnover failed to quantitate disorders of red blood cell regeneration in
      these patients. No defect in red blood cell enzyme activity could be
      demonstrated. Enzymes of glycolysis were increased corresponding to the reduced
      erythrocyte half-life span.

PMID- 1215212
TI  - The use of discriminatory values for thyroid uptake and free thyroxine index.
AB  - The distributions of 4 hour 132I neck uptake and 20 minute 99mTcO4 thyroid uptake
      in euthyroid patients were found to conform closely to a log normal distribution,
      from which a statistical normal range may be obtained. More accurate
      discriminatory values for determining thyroid status may be established by
      plotting intersecting distribution curves for hypo-, hyper- and euthyroid groups.
      Subdivision by age and by the presence or absence of a palpable thyroid reveals
      considerable variations from which a series of more accurate discriminatory
      values may be established for these subgroups. For Free Thyroxine Index (T4RT3
      index) more accurate discriminatory values were also obtained by similar methods;
      while no significant variations related to age or palpable thyroid were observed,
      subdivision of the patients into two groups referred as suspected hypothyroidism
      and suspected hyperthyroidism yielded a further small improvement in accuracy.

PMID- 1215214
TI  - The synthesis and chemical properties of 3-chloromercury-2-hydroxipropyl-urea.
AB  - A simple and rapid method for the synthesis of 3-chloromercury-2-hydroxipropyl
      urea has been described. It has been concluded that highest yields are obtained
      by the synthesis of 197HgO and allyl urea in the ratio of 2.5 : 1. Stability of
      the final preparation was investigated after thermal sterilization and standing
      at room temperature. It has been proved that the inorganic mercury-197 is not
      released. Radiochemical purity was controlled by chromatographic method using
      pyridine, n-butanol and water (3 : 10 : 3 v/v) as a solvent. The results obtained
      indicate that the preparation is applicable for human use.

PMID- 1215215
TI  - [Sources of error in the radioimmunochemical determination of digoxin in serum].
AB  - In a study with numerous samples of serum we compared 5 Digoxin RIA and evaluated
      the reliability of tests by simultaneous determinations. There were found
      considerable differences in the determinations with the various RIA for the same
      serum; evident differences also were recorded in the recovery and in the
      reproducibility of the assays. Among some other sources of error the dependence
      of temperature and of the duration of the dextran-charcoal separation were
      observed; therefore, the charcoal incubation is recommendable at 4 degrees C.
      Each laboratory which is able to perform the determinations of digoxin
      concentrations in the serum should declare its own range for the therapeutic and
      toxic levels for the used RIA in collaboration with the clinicians.

PMID- 1215216
TI  - Computation of muscle blood flow by 133Xe clearance using polynomial fitting
      techniques.
AB  - A polynomial fitting technique suitable for small computers has been developed
      for calculation of the muscle blood flow function by the 133Xe clearance method.
      An application of the method for blood flow measurements in the lower limbs
      during hyperaemia is presented. The calculated maximum blood flow and peak time
      values were closely correlated with the manually elicited results.

PMID- 1215217
TI  - [Some diagnostic problems in otologic radiography].

PMID- 1215218
TI  - [Limited forms of fibrous osteodysplasia of cranial bones].

PMID- 1215219
TI  - [Bronchography under general anesthesia].

PMID- 1215220
TI  - [Application of a modified sonntag filter for multilayer tomography of
      mediastinum and hili].

PMID- 1215221
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of radiological investigations and intraoperative
      findings in chronic gastric and duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1215222
TI  - [Radiological aspects of senile ulcer].

PMID- 1215223
TI  - [Aortoarteriography of the kidneys showing no urine secretion on urography].

PMID- 1215224
TI  - [The effect of lateral deviation of uterine probe on dose distribution in the
      Glivice method of radiotherapy of cervical carcinoma].

PMID- 1215225
TI  - [The harmful effects of preparations labelled with 203Hg used for clinical
      isotope diagnosis].

PMID- 1215226
TI  - [Radiohepatography with rose bengal labelled 125I in patients with virus
      hepatitis and with idiopathic jaundice of pregnancy].

PMID- 1215227
TI  - [A case of leiomyoma in upper lobe bronchus in 15-year-old boy].

PMID- 1215228
TI  - [Gallbladder adenomyomatosis].

PMID- 1215229
TI  - [Traumatic gastric rupture].

PMID- 1215230
TI  - [Bariumsulfat Fertig-suspension "Boehringer" - a new form of stabilized
      suspension of barium sulphate for radiological diagnosis of digestive tract].

PMID- 1215231
TI  - [Experimental studies and clinical diagnostic value of phlebography of the
      orbit].

PMID- 1215232
TI  - [Effect of ionizing sterilization doses on the properties of plastics used in
      medical technology].

PMID- 1215233
TI  - [Radiation sterilization of disposable medical equipment].
AB  - In the Institute of Nuclear Research in Warsaw, the double-function linear
      electron accelerator LAE 13/9 has been operating since 1972, currently yielding
      radiation in the amount equivalent to 1 millon Ci of cobalt 60, thus providing
      unique research possibilities. The author has discussed the technical base in
      Poland and Comecon Member Countries, and planning and prognostic in this respect
      in other countries, as well.

PMID- 1215234
TI  - [Determination of radiation dosage for radiosterilization of disposable medical
      equipment].
AB  - The study on radiation resistance of 17169 microbial clones was performed
      including 15376 clones of bacteria isolated from the factory rooms in which
      injection needles were manufactured and those adjacent to strong sources of
      ionizing radiation. Out of this number of examined clones, there were selected
      955 clones which survived the radiation doses of 2-4 Mrad. Basing on analysis of
      resistant bacteria according to radiation, the dosages for sterilization of
      disposable medical equipment are proposed.

PMID- 1215235
TI  - [Ionic polymers in medicine].
AB  - Basing on literature data, recent developments in the application of synthetic
      ion-containing polymers in medicine were presented. These compuonds could serve
      as drugs (e.g. antibacterial or antiheparin agents) and also (e.g. after
      crosslinking) as endoprostheses or as antithrombogenic coatings. Application of
      ionenes and cationomeric urethanes, which are studied at presentmost intensively,
      was described. Mechanism of the influence of ionenes on bacteria and of ionenes
      or cationic urethanes on heparin was given.

PMID- 1215236
TI  - [Resistance of polysterenes and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer to sterilizing
      doses of accelerated electron radiation].
AB  - The results of the study on the resistance of certain home-made polystyrenes to
      sterilizing doses of accelerated electron radiation are shown. The properties of
      studied materials were found to undergo no changes after sterilization and one
      year's storage which, in a majority of cases, qualifies them suitable for
      manufacture of medical and bacteriological equipment to be sterilized in electron
      accelerators. One of the materials under study - type KM polystyrene with
      increased impact resistance - was found to be relatively unstable in its
      commercial form before irradiation. The styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, although
      completely radiation resistant within the examined dosage range, requires special
      caution because of free actylonitrile found in extracts.

PMID- 1215237
TI  - [Study of polyolefine plastics for the manufacture of medical and bacteriological
      equipment to be sterilized in electron accelerators].
AB  - The resistance of several kinds of polyethylenes and polyproylenes to sterilizing
      doses of accelerated electron radiation was studied. Polypropylene Polypro J-600
      articles were shown to be unfit for sterilization using isotope sources with low
      power dosages, and the use of electron accelerator was found to enable their
      radiation sterilization.

PMID- 1215238
TI  - [Pharmacologic regulation of intracellular digestion].

PMID- 1215239
TI  - The relation between function and causation in cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1215240
TI  - Pathological recognition of cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1215241
TI  - Technique of endomyocardial biopsy--including a description of a new form of
      endomyocardial bioptome.

PMID- 1215242
TI  - Problems of myocardial biopsy.

PMID- 1215243
TI  - Results of endomyocardial biopsy--histological, histochemical and ultrastructural
      analysis.

PMID- 1215244
TI  - The coronary arteries in active viral cardiomyopathies.

PMID- 1215245
TI  - Effect of ethanol infusion on the ultrastructure of human myocardium.

PMID- 1215247
TI  - New approach in studying cardiac muscle cell injury.

PMID- 1215246
TI  - Distribution of digoxin in the human heart.

PMID- 1215248
TI  - The cardiomyopathy associated with methylsalicylate.

PMID- 1215250
TI  - Granulomas of the liver.

PMID- 1215249
TI  - The plasma membrane in cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1215251
TI  - Smoking and optic neuritis.

PMID- 1215252
TI  - Serum lipid changes following the completed stroke syndrome.

PMID- 1215253
TI  - Measurement of blood pressure--a routine test in need of standardization.

PMID- 1215254
TI  - Transplantation of lymphocytes and immune lymphocytes in sarcoidosis and in
      malignant lymphadenomas.

PMID- 1215255
TI  - Haemolysis associated with diazoxide, used for the control of hypertension.

PMID- 1215256
TI  - Thyrotoxic pretibial myxoedema in Asian patients in Singapore.

PMID- 1215257
TI  - Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1215258
TI  - Gastric carcinoma and Turner's syndrome.

PMID- 1215259
TI  - Secondary syphilis presenting jaundice.

PMID- 1215260
TI  - Skin metastases in carcinoma of the stomach.

PMID- 1215261
TI  - A case of acute mercury vapour poisoning.

PMID- 1215262
TI  - [Bone, joint, spinal and pelvic-spinal localizations of sarcoidosis (apropos of a
      case)].
AB  - Authors report on one case of particularly flourishing and evolutive sarcoidosis
      that conditioned numerous manifestations among which stand out lesions
      interesting one hip and one sacro-iliac articulation and also extensive and
      destructive bone lesions. This case is for them an opportunity for recalling the
      major facts related with bone lesions and articular manifestations of sarcoidosis
      and for calling attention on the spinal and pelvic-spinal involvements. The
      latter, when signs of bone lysis exist, are evocative of a neoplasm. More often,
      spondylodiscitis, coexisting sometimes with spindle-like paravertebral pictures,
      let think of tuberculosis. Confusion would be unavoidable if such facts, in spite
      of their rareness, were not better known.

PMID- 1215263
TI  - [Benign asbestosic pleurisies (apropos of 3 cases)].
AB  - Report is made on three cases of benign asbestosic pleural effusions that occured
      in subjects of more than 60 years in age that had had moderate but long
      occupational contact with asbestos (between 18 and 40 years). We are dealing here
      with pleural effusions that have an insidious onset and a chronic course,
      serofibrinous in nature for the three cases, moderately exsudative, with a
      relatively few accelerated blood sedimentation rate, a level of protids between
      34 and 58 g/l and a level of dextrose between 0,70 and 1,15 g/l. Relapses were
      noted in two of the patients. In two of these cases existed associated pleural
      calcifications. Important sequelae persist after the cure that consist in
      pachypeuritis, and one of these cases was submitted to surgery. Confirmation of
      the diagnosis was found in the surgical material that contained asbestosic
      bodies; the sputum of the same patient contained also ferruginous bodies. The
      research of an occupational contact with asbestos has to be systematically
      performed in the case of subjects that exhibit, after a certain age, an
      apparently cryptogenetic pleural effusion.

PMID- 1215264
TI  - [Bronchography in children].
AB  - In spite of improvement in the exploratory techniques of the respiratory tract,
      tracheo-bronchography preserves numerous indications in the study of children's
      congenital or acquired bronchopneumopathies. The main indications of this
      investigation consist in the detection of bronchectasies or in the exploratory
      study of chronic and relapsing bronchial diseases. The investigation makes
      possible to precise the severity of the disease, to value the results of the
      medical management and, at last, to select the patients amenable to surgery.
      Another indications are to be found in the appraisal of some malformative broncho
      pneumopathies, with special reference to lung hypoplasias and sequestrations. The
      technical conditions of the investigation have largely benefited of short
      duration general anesthesy and of various material improvements (televised
      fluoroscopy, orientable catheters of small calibre).

PMID- 1215265
TI  - [Value of the measurement of ventilatory and circulatory components in CO2
      ductance].
AB  - Authors bring forth the results of the determination of CO2 ductances in 28
      patients : 14 cases of pulmonary arterial thrombosis, 7 cases of diffuse
      interstitial fibrosis recognizing various etiologies, 4 cases of endothoracic
      sarcoidosis and 3 cases of pure restrictive syndrome due to functional amputation
      of some territories. The global CO2 ductance is lowered in 24 cases. In each one
      of these cases the PACO2 determination makes possible to decompose the global
      ductance into a ventilatory ductance and a circulatory ductance. The circulatory
      ductance is lowered in the case of pulmonary arterial thrombosis; the ventilatory
      component is lowered in the case of restrictive syndromes and in the case of
      diffuse interstitial fibrosis. For what concerns the pulmonary arterial
      thrombosis, authors discuss then the value of the information contained in the
      expression of the CO2 arterial-alveolar gradient on the one hand, and in the
      circulatory component of the ductance on the other hand. At last, the
      determination of the ductances appears interesting in the supervision of the
      course of various diseases.

PMID- 1215267
TI  - [Alveolar microlithiasis (apropos of a case)].
AB  - One new case of alveolar microlithiasis is reported on that includes, besides the
      radio-clinical investigations, complete functional exploratory studies and
      anatomic authentications. Authors recall the diagnostical procedures and our
      present ignorance of the pathogenesis of this curious entity; no valid therapy is
      presently able to check the relentless course towards progressive respiratory
      deficiency.

PMID- 1215266
TI  - [Flow rates and pulmonary volumes in athetosis patients with speech disorders].
AB  - In 9 controls and in 10 athetosic subjects, authors performed a
      pneumotachographic registering of ventilation under rest conditions for each
      phase and determined : the phase duration, the delay between the onset of the
      phase and the moment where the maximal output occurs, the output reached at the
      first 1/10th of second after phase change. These determinations were performed in
      189 cycles in the controls and in 257 cycles in the athetosic subjects. For each
      cycle, ventilation and frequency reported to one minute were reckoned, and the
      relation was established between the duration of expiration and inspiration and
      between the time necessary for the output to reach its maximal level and the
      phase duration. The hereafter mentioned facts were noted : in the athetosic
      subjects there exists a tachypnea for normal ventilation figures, a proportional
      lengthening in the expiration duration with a reduced mean output; in the
      beginning of the phase, the output gets increased more rapidly and reaches a
      higher level than in the controls; then a slow and irregular decrease occurs.
      Inspiration is rapid and regular. The most perturbed expiration is to be found in
      the athetosic subjects who exhibit the most severe vocal disorders. These
      expiratory anomalies appear to be bound with a poor thoracic and laryngeal motor
      controlling during the passive phase of the respiration, whereas the automatic
      inspiratory movement takes place in a normal mood.

PMID- 1215268
TI  - [Experimental models of renal tubular transport (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215269
TI  - [The solitary lung nodule as an incidental finding (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215270
TI  - [Controls by practitioners of pathological results from a detection drive for
      kidney disease].

PMID- 1215271
TI  - [350 requests of abortion. What happens just two years before? (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215272
TI  - [Local treatment of acute hemorrhoidal crises (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215273
TI  - [Crisis of adolescence (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215274
TI  - [Prophylaxis and treatment of infectious diseases in children (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215275
TI  - [Painful hip in children (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215276
TI  - [The tragicomedy of deformities and degenerative lesions of the locomotor system
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215277
TI  - [Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215278
TI  - [Doctor-patient relation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215279
TI  - [More family physicians required (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215280
TI  - [Good physicians for all--a not very recent professional problem].

PMID- 1215281
TI  - [Some recent contribution of biomedical engineering (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215282
TI  - [The relativeness of the individual (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215283
TI  - [Editorial: Monoamines and brain functions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215284
TI  - [Hormones regulate absorption and utilization of food stuffs (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215285
TI  - [Practical postgraduate course in diabetology (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215286
TI  - [Toxic effects of Metoclopramid (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215287
TI  - [Editorial: Diagnostic significance of elevated serum amylase (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215288
TI  - [The minimal circumference of the fore-arms in terms of constitutional type
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215289
TI  - [Preventive medical care rendered by practitioners in Basle 1972 (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215290
TI  - [Ectopic sialoliths (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215291
TI  - [A new treatment of mycotic and prozoal vaginitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215292
TI  - [Application of hormonal contraceptives before menopause (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215293
TI  - [Stenoses of the colon (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215294
TI  - [Eosinophilia: mechanisms and interpretation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215295
TI  - [Chronic hepatitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215297
TI  - [Pathogenetic studies of abnormal brain development (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215296
TI  - [Treatment of pituitary growth retardation. Own experience with 32 patients
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215298
TI  - [The pathogenesis of the spondylogenic reflex-syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215299
TI  - [Nature, clinic and significance of spondylogenic reflex syndrome (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215300
TI  - [Pain in the lower extremities caused by neurological diseases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215301
TI  - [Pain in the lower extremities due to vascular diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215302
TI  - [Clinical and psychosomatic aspects of patients with abuse of diuretics (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215303
TI  - [Editorial: Oncology: duration and quality of survival (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215304
TI  - [Adenocarcinoma of the lower oesophagus: a complication of diaphragmatic hernia
      and of peptic oesophagitis? (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215306
TI  - [The ostomies of the small and big bowel--technique and care (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215305
TI  - [Gastric remnant cancer following resection for benign ulcer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215308
TI  - [New types of glomerular nephropathies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215307
TI  - [Experiences with continent ileostomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215309
TI  - [The increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate: a stimulant for the diagnostician
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215310
TI  - [Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the canton of Geneva (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215311
TI  - [Trials with the new preparation cephatac in the attack treatment of migraine
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215312
TI  - [Administration of sinecod-hommel prior to or after operation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215313
TI  - Newer viral vaccines: measles, mumps and rubella.

PMID- 1215314
TI  - [Medical care of mass casualties and emergency treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215315
TI  - [About psychogenic fever (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215316
TI  - [Children's accidents by ingestion of contraceptives (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215318
TI  - [Noise prevention in Switzerland (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215317
TI  - [The aetiology of myocardial infarction in young people. With special regard to
      nonpenetrating chest injury, oral contraceptives, smoking (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215319
TI  - [Editorial: Lumbar sympathectomy in occlusive arterial disease of the lower limbs
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215320
TI  - [Prognosis and treatment of the pleural mesothelioma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215321
TI  - [Cirrhosis of the liver with portal hypertension (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215322
TI  - [Hypoparathyroidism (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215323
TI  - [Editorial: Genetics].

PMID- 1215324
TI  - [Genetic information (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215325
TI  - [The mutations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215326
TI  - [Genetic advice for hereditary diseases of monogenetic origin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215327
TI  - [Hemiplegic migraine and basilar migraine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215328
TI  - [Cluster headache (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215329
TI  - [Humoral factors in the pathogenesis of migraine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215330
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of migraine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215331
TI  - [Electroencephalography in the diagnosis of migraine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215332
TI  - [Editorial: Recent advances in the field of audiometry (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215333
TI  - [Surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215334
TI  - [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215335
TI  - [Drug problems among rural teenagers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215336
TI  - Purification of an acidic structural protein from rat skin using Triton X-100.
AB  - An acidic protein was extracted with neutral-salt solutions from rat skin. When
      precipitated by dialysis against dilute acetic acid, the structural protein was
      separated from contaminating soluble collagens and other soluble proteins. The
      precipitate was dissolved in buffers containing 1% Triton X-100 and purified to
      apparent size and charge homogeneity by chromatography on a DEAE Bio-Gel A
      column. Triton X-100 was necessary for achieving nondestructive disaggregation of
      the protein which could be reversed by dialyzing out the detergent against
      methanol-dilute acetic acid.

PMID- 1215337
TI  - Purification of growth-promoting peptides and proteins, and of histones, by high
      pressure silica gel chromatography.
AB  - A rapid method for the purification of histones and a variety of growth-promoting
      proteins and peptides by chromatography on silica gel has been developed. The
      isolation of the growth-promoting components of serum has been hampered by
      excessive losses associated with the use of water-based purification mens in
      acidic methanol-H2O solutions (eg. insulin, albumin, the somatomedins) provides a
      basis for purification on high-pressure silica gel columns, while peptides and
      histones can be purified in similar solvents. After column chromatography, the
      solvent is removed by flash-evaporation, or the protein may be precipitated
      directly from the solvent by neutralization of the pH and the addition of
      ethanol. The retention of biological activity (eg. somatomedin-C binding to
      insulin receptors and cell-growth stimulation) and recovery are excellent.

PMID- 1215338
TI  - An improved system for preparative starch block electrophoresis.
AB  - A starch block electrophoresis system is described which includes (a) a single
      unit Lucite electrophoresis chamber, (b) temperature control with a circulating
      water bath and casting resin-coated brass cooling plate, (c) continuous
      monitoring of block surface temperature and (d) an easily-assembled apparatus for
      rapid elution of protein from the starch segments.

PMID- 1215339
TI  - A large scale procedure for purification of desmosine and isodesmosine.
AB  - A rapid large scale procedure was devised for the purification of desmosine and
      isodesmosine from ligamentum nuchae elastin. The method makes use of the
      hydrophilic nature of the desmosines which preferentially absorbs to cellulose
      fibers in mixtures of organic solvents. Resolution of the isomers was achieved on
      a polystyrene resin column.

PMID- 1215340
TI  - Purification of tumor associated antigens from a methylcholanthrene induced
      murine sarcoma as monitored by humoral cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1215341
TI  - [Dynamics of age-sex peculiarities of mortality from tuberculosis of the urban
      population from 1959 to 1973].

PMID- 1215342
TI  - [Rehabilitation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis cured by means of
      antibacterial preparations in combination with collapse therapy methods].

PMID- 1215343
TI  - [Controlled intermittent chemotherapy with isoniazid and the second line
      preparations].

PMID- 1215345
TI  - [Functional state of the kidneys in the postoperative period in patients with
      chronic forms of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by amyloidosis of the
      internal organs].

PMID- 1215344
TI  - [Drip endobronchial administration of complex antitubercular preparations in the
      treatment of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215347
TI  - [Peridural anesthesia for postoperative analgesia in the surgery of pulmonary and
      pleural tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215346
TI  - [Combined surgical treatment and rehabilitation of patients with combined renal
      and pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215348
TI  - [Peculiarities of the course of tuberculomas with degeneration].

PMID- 1215349
TI  - [Polarographic study of the blood serum in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
      complicated by viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1215350
TI  - [Change in the function of the kidneys and the elimination of antitubercular
      preparations with their side effects in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215351
TI  - [Influence of active pulmonary tuberculosis on the level of strontium in the
      plasma, erythrocytes and lung tissue].

PMID- 1215352
TI  - [Mycobacteriosis in humans caused by M. kansasii].

PMID- 1215353
TI  - [Index of neutrophil damage and the tuberculin hemolysis reaction in the
      diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis in adults].

PMID- 1215355
TI  - [Experience with mass double fluorographic examination of the population of a
      rural region].

PMID- 1215354
TI  - [Radiotelevision radioscopy and radiocinematography in urologic tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215356
TI  - [Processes of enzymatic transamination of amino acids in atypical mycobacteria].

PMID- 1215357
TI  - [Course of tuberculosis in DNA immunization].

PMID- 1215358
TI  - [Concentration of rifampicin in pathological formations of resected lungs].

PMID- 1215359
TI  - [Changes in the bronchi in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by
      bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1215360
TI  - [Experience in the organization of the treatment of World War II invalids with
      tuberculosis of the respiratory organs].

PMID- 1215361
TI  - [Experience in the use of pleural plasty for the correction of the dimensions of
      the hemithorax following partial resection of the lung in patients with
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215362
TI  - [Dynamics of the level of copper and the activity of ceruloplasmin in the blood
      of patients operated on for pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215363
TI  - [Anaphylactic reaction due to aminokrovin].

PMID- 1215364
TI  - [System of rehabilitation for patients with spinal tuberculosis complicated by
      paresis and paralysis].

PMID- 1215365
TI  - [Relationship between the development of dermal scar at the site of BCG
      vaccination and post-vaccinal allergy].

PMID- 1215366
TI  - [Participation of the pediatrician-phthisiologist in the observation of children
      with nonspecific respiratory tract diseases].

PMID- 1215367
TI  - [Basic trends in the development of chemotherapy of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215368
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis and nonspecific diseases
      of the musculo-skeletal apparatus in children].

PMID- 1215369
TI  - [Dynamics of the indicators of blast transformation reaction in complex chemo-
      and tuberculin therapy of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215370
TI  - [Lymphocyte blast transformation reaction and leukocytolysis in determination of
      the activity of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1215371
TI  - [Evaluation of the sensitizing action of tuberculin by the hyperergic skin
      reaction of the delayed type].

PMID- 1215372
TI  - [Effect of splenin on protein-synthetising function of the liver during treatment
      of experimental tuberculosis with large doses of isoniazid].

PMID- 1215373
TI  - [Diagnosis of tuberculosis of peripheral lymph nodes].

PMID- 1215374
TI  - [Dynamics of sensitivity to tuberculin in children].

PMID- 1215375
TI  - [Objective evaluation of osteoporosis in different outcomes of surgery of
      tuberculous coxitis].

PMID- 1215376
TI  - Reversible corticospinal abnormality in the alcoholic.

PMID- 1215377
TI  - Remyelination after transient compression of the spinal cord.
AB  - Transient mild compression of the spinal cord produces a lesion in which
      demyelination with preservation of axon continuity is the predominant nerve fibre
      change. This damage is repaired by oligodendrocytes which produce complete though
      abnormally thin and short internodes of myelin along demyelinated stretches of
      axons. When compression is more severe, this damage is also repaired by Schwann
      cells which migrate into the spinal cord from nearby root entry zones and form
      complete segments of peripheral nervous system-type myelin around demyelinated
      central axons.

PMID- 1215378
TI  - The bioavailability of carbamazepine.
AB  - Two aspects of the correlation of plasma carbamazepine level with drug dose in
      patients taking carbamazepine tablets indicated the possibility that the drug may
      be incompletely and variably absorbed from the alimentary tract of man. To
      investigate this possibility, pharmacokinetic studies were undertaken in six
      volunteers, who were given increasing single doses of carbamazepine in tablet
      form at appropriate intervals. These studies gave evidence of slow, and probably
      incomplete, absorption of carbamazepine. After administration of carbamazepine in
      a specially-prepared solution to 5 of the subjects, rapid absorption of the drug
      occurred, and in 4 subjects more drug was absorbed than when the same normal dose
      was given as tablets. It was concluded that the pharmaceutical formulation of
      carbamazepine tablets limits the bioavailability of the drug, and that problems
      may arise if the bioavailability of the drug is to be increased.

PMID- 1215379
TI  - Tay Sachs disease in a child and management of a subsequent pregnancy.
AB  - A case is reported illustrating the typical features of Tay-Sachs disease, the
      light microscopy and ultrastructure of the stored material in the condition, and
      the feasibility of prenatal diagnosis of the disorder.

PMID- 1215380
TI  - The action of thalidomide on the peripheral nervous system of the embryo.
AB  - The mode of teratogenic action of thalidomide is unknown. A new radiological
      interpretation of thalidomide-induced limb malformations suggested that
      pathological changes should be sought in the sensory ganglia. Newborn rabbits
      with thalidomide-induced limb defects were examined histologically, and failure
      of maturation of dorsal root ganglion cells was demonstrated. This neuronal
      immaturity supports the radiological hypothesis of embryonic neuropathy, which is
      proposed as the underlying pathology of the limb deformities due to thalidomide.

PMID- 1215381
TI  - Ocular complications of varicella.

PMID- 1215383
TI  - A case of spontaneously resolving "papilloedema".
AB  - A case of spontaenously resolving bilateral papilloedema in an obese 38 year old
      woman subject to cluster headache is reported. The aetiology of the condition
      remained obscure after neurological and biochemical investigation.

PMID- 1215382
TI  - Congenital deficiency of horizontal gaze.

PMID- 1215384
TI  - Neuromyelitis optica following infectious mononucleosis.
AB  - A case of moderatley severe neuromyelitis optica following infectious
      mononucleosis is described as the first reported instance of this complication.
      Total recovery occurred. Rapid improvement followed the commencement of
      corticosteroids. It is postulated that the pathological process was one of
      postinfectious demyelination.

PMID- 1215385
TI  - Periodic alternating nystagmus.
AB  - A typical case of periodic alternating nystagmus is described. Periodic
      alternating nystagmus is a form of horizontal or horizontal-rotary jerk nystagmus
      of which the most characteristic feature is an alternation in direction at
      regular intervals. The condition appears to be not as rare as has been believed
      previously and may indicate a lesion in the upper part of the medulla.

PMID- 1215386
TI  - Opsoclonus with myoclonus.
AB  - A further case of opsoclonus with myoclonus is described. When this syndrome
      occurs in childhood an associated neuroblastoma should be excluded. In the
      majority of cases at all ages no underlying disease will be found, although a
      preceding history of minor upper respiratory or gastrointestinal infection may be
      elicited, suggesting that a possible encephalitis affecting brain stem mechanisms
      may be the cause. The prognosis is, as a rule, excellent although full recovery
      may not occur for many months. Corticosteroids and nitrazepam may have a place in
      the treatment of severely affected patients with distressing symptoms.

PMID- 1215387
TI  - The ocular myasthenia syndrome.

PMID- 1215388
TI  - Familial cerebellar ataxia with sex-linked recessive inheritance.

PMID- 1215389
TI  - Microembolism and the visual system. Part II: the consequence of emboli in the
      microcirculation of nervous tissue, especially that comprizing the visual system.

PMID- 1215390
TI  - The value of the brain scan and cerebral arteriogram in the Sturge-Weber
      syndrome.
AB  - In a series of eight patients with the Sturge-Weber syndrome, the brain scan was
      shown to be the most accurate, non-invasive, diagnostic test, being abnormal in
      all eight patients. In four cases examined by cerebral arteriography, this study
      was also conspicuously abnormal. Some of the neurological disturbances occurring
      in these patients are more likely to be due to transient ischaemic attacks and
      cerebral infarctions than to epilepsy.

PMID- 1215391
TI  - A family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and Leber's optic atrophy.
AB  - A family has been studied in which members of 4 generations were affected by the
      hypertrophic type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by
      electrophysiological studies and by sural nerve biopsy. 10 members of the family,
      8 males and 2 females, developed optic atrophy of acute onset with progression
      over a period of two to six months. The history of visual failure, its maternal
      inheritance, and the neuro-ophthalmological findings of optic atrophy with
      bilateral central scotomata were typical of Leber's optic atrophy. 2 members of
      the family suffered from both Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and Leber's optic
      atrophy. There have been a few previous reports of optic atrophy associated with
      Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and in the present family both conditions appeared
      to have been inherited independently.

PMID- 1215392
TI  - Superior oblique myokymia.

PMID- 1215393
TI  - The low intracranial pressure syndrome.
AB  - The syndrome of low intracranial pressure may develop in a variety of
      circumstances, e.g. after lumbar puncture, following head injury and intracranial
      operations. It sometimes occurs after viral meningitis. The case history is
      described of a woman in whom the disorder was unusually severe and persistent.
      Interesting radiological features were observed, the appearances being those of
      herniation of the brain towards the tentorial opening. Simple measures of
      treatment produced dramatic and lasting relief.

PMID- 1215394
TI  - Mechanisms in cerebral lesions in trauma to high cervical portion of the
      vertebral artery--rotation injury.
AB  - Three cases have been described illustrating the mechanisms and effects of
      lesions from acute rotation injury to the vertebral artery. These indicate that
      the portion of artery at risk is in the C1 to C2 region, where stretching and
      shearing strains can produce intramural dissection and haemorrhage. Such changes
      can radically alter flow to produce acute arterial obliteration or later cerebral
      embolism. Such alteration can also produce a change in relationships between
      artery and surrounding structures and thus cause intermittent occlusion of a
      vertebral artery upon cervical rotation.

PMID- 1215395
TI  - Amine turnover in migraine.
AB  - Excretion of the vaso-active amines tyramine, serotonin, noradrenaline,
      adrenaline and histamine and blood levels of serotonin, noradrenaline, adrenaline
      and histamine, were estimated in 10 patients before, during and after an attack
      of migraine.  During the headache process there was a statistically significant
      fall in the excretion of tyramine and a similarly significant rise in the
      excretion of serotonin.  Excretion of the other 3 amines showed no significant
      fluctuation during the various phases of the migraine attack.  Blood levels of
      serotonin were significantly lower during headache than during freedom from
      headach. whilst whole blood histamine was significantly higher only during the
      postheadach phase.  The meaning of the latter observation is not obvious.  The
      above results are discussed in the light of recent reports that tyramine is the
      substance responsible for headache attacks in patients who have a history of
      dietary migraine.  Reasons are offered as to why this is unlikely to be the case.

PMID- 1215396
TI  - The headaches of phaeochromocytoma.
AB  - Of 27 patients  with phaeochromocytoma, 20 were subject to headaches as a part of
      their symptom complex and 7 were not, in spite of the fact that 4 of the latter
      had experienced other forms of headache at other times. There was no correlation
      between the proportion of noradrenaline to adrenaline produced by the tumour and
      the presence or absence of headache or the nature of the headache. Liability to
      headache appeared to be linked with the rate of change in blood pressure and was
      not related to absolute values of blood pressure. Two patients experienced a
      "funny turn" typical of catecholamine release during a spontaneous migraine
      headache. The migraine headache became pulsatile and severe in one patient but
      was unaltered in the other. The variable duration and intensity of the headache
      in different patients can be explained by the pressor and cranial vasoconstrictor
      effects of the secreted amines which respectively enhance and diminish vascular
      headache.

PMID- 1215397
TI  - Fluctuations of plasma phenytoin levels on single dose and twice daily dose
      regimes.
AB  - Eight chronic refractory epileptics were studied with regard to frequency of
      administration of phenytoin. There were no excessive fluctuations in plasma
      levels when the total drug dose was given as a single daily dose, and the
      clinical state of the patients was unchanged from that on twice daily dosage.

PMID- 1215398
TI  - Fibre function and perception during cutaneous nerve block.
AB  - In awake human subjects, neural responses in cutaneous nerves to electrical
      stimulation were recorded with intrafascicular tungsten micro-electrodes. Changes
      in the activity of individual fibre groups during blocking procedures were
      recorded and correlated with simultaneous alterations in the perception of
      standardized stimuli. Light touch sensibility in hairy skin was mediated by A
      beta-gamma fibres, cold and pinprick by A-delta fibres and warmth and dull pain
      by C fibres.

PMID- 1215399
TI  - Geniculate hemianopias: incongruous visual defects from partial involvement of
      the lateral geniculate nucleus.
AB  - Quantitative perimetric studies in 4 patients with involvement of a lateral
      geniculate nucleus revealed strikingly incongruous defects in the corresponding
      homonymous fields of vision. The patterns of these hemianopias are analysed and
      correlated anatomically with established retinotopic projections on the six
      cellular laminae of the geniculate nucleus. Incongruous wedge-shaped field
      defects appear to be pathognomonic of focal disease in the dorsal crest of the
      geniculate nucleus. Other patterns typify lesions of the medical or lateral horns
      of the nucleus. On theoretical grounds monocular hemianopic defects should result
      from unilaminar geniculate lesions, but this perimetric sign awaits confirmation.
      In each case of geniculate disease where the retinal nerve fibre layer has been
      examined specifically for efidence of retrograde homonymous atrophy, typical
      hemiretinal signs were found to be present.

PMID- 1215400
TI  - Muscular dystrophy in young girls.
AB  - Muscular dystrophy occurred in four girls. In only one of these was the syndrome
      both proximal and with pseudo-hypertrophy, thus clinically resembling the x
      linked Duchenne type of the disease. The evidence for a primary dystrophic
      process existing in the four individuals is based on the laboratory findings of
      very high serum creatine kinase levels, myopathic E.M.G. appearances and muscle
      biopsies. However, each case is clinically different (one is proximal with
      contractures, another limb girdle with facial involvement and the fourth is
      distal) and worthy of documentation. The recent demonstration of a neurogenic
      basis for several myopathies previously considered to be dystrophic in nature has
      not caused us to revise our view that true muscular dystrophy does occur in girls
      but that the "Duchenne-like" type is rare.

PMID- 1215401
TI  - Enteric coated levo-dopa in clinical practice.
AB  - The results of a clinical trial of enteric coated Levo-dopa are described for
      nineteen patients with Parkinsonism. Twelve cases comprise the nuclear group and
      all were intolerant to therapeutic doses of standard Levo-dopa. Seven cases were
      receiving Levo-dopa for the first time. Treatment periods ranged from three to
      twelve months. Of the whole group, 84% have improved. Of the poor responders to
      standard Levo-dopa 58% have improved markedly and the remaining 42% have improved
      to a moderate degree using clinical criteria. The mean stabilization dose was 1.5
      grams daily and using the Mann-Whitney U test the difference is highly
      significant when comparison is made with the stabilization dose of 3.0 grams for
      standard Levo-dopa (P less than .001). The method of stabilization is described;
      the commonest initial stabilization period is three weeks. Side-effects are dose
      related. No side-effects have appeared in 60% of the patients and only mild or
      transient side-effects have appeared in 20%. A characteristic toxic reaction is
      described. This enteric-coated preparation of the drug appears to control the "on
      off" phenomenon in at least 50% of cases with this problem. The preparation is
      suitable for routine use in outpatients but added care is required to ensure that
      vitamin tonics are rigorously avoided. Two deaths are recorded during the trial,
      but analysis shows them to be unrelated causally to the therapy. Enteric coated
      Levo-dopa is recommended as the primary treatment in all new cases where Levo
      dopa therapy is indicated. No adverse interactions have occurred with other
      commonly used anti-Parkinsonian drugs.

PMID- 1215402
TI  - Frontal agraphia, (including a case report).
AB  - Frontal agraphia has always been a subject of interest, although very few
      documented case reports have been published. A 57 year old male clerk, suffering
      from adenocarcinoma of the signoid colon, presented with mild headache and
      difficulty in writing. Minor features of dysphasia could be detected, but there
      were no alexia, agnosia or apraxia. Brain scan and angiography confirmed a
      metastasis in the posterior part of the left prefrontal region. The patient was
      able to write single letters, and had no difficulty with automatic writing or
      copying. The writing of words and of sentences was more affected. After a brief
      review of the literature and discussion, the authors concluded that frontal
      agraphia is related to frontal lobe diorders, especially the inability to
      translate verbal signals into motor behaviour (i.e. writing).

PMID- 1215403
TI  - Editorial: Laboratory animal disease control.

PMID- 1215405
TI  - Non-invasive diagnosis of brain tumors.

PMID- 1215404
TI  - Part-time clinical teaching?

PMID- 1215406
TI  - Illinois chapter, American College of Emergency Physicians affiliates with the
      Institute of Medicine.

PMID- 1215407
TI  - Interrelationships between small arthropods and nematodes in peat.

PMID- 1215408
TI  - The chemical composition of some carbonate secreting marine organisms from
      Connemara.

PMID- 1215409
TI  - Synthesis of O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 leads to 6)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1
      leads to 4)-D-glucopyranose, and of 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol and 1,6
      di-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol.

PMID- 1215411
TI  - A review of the distribution of Irish millipedes (diplopoda).

PMID- 1215410
TI  - Studies on the synthesis of disaccharides--II. The synthesis of methyl alpha
      vicianoside and methyl alpha-primeveroside.

PMID- 1215412
TI  - Diabetes in children.

PMID- 1215413
TI  - Some aspects of salivary gland disorders.

PMID- 1215414
TI  - Pain in peptic ulcer.

PMID- 1215415
TI  - Growth of human tumours in immune-suppressed mice.

PMID- 1215416
TI  - The current status of sub-zero organ preservation.

PMID- 1215417
TI  - Chediak-Higashi syndrome.

PMID- 1215418
TI  - Metachromatic leukodystrophy and limb hypertrophy.

PMID- 1215420
TI  - Expectations for severe epileptics.

PMID- 1215419
TI  - Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia of unknown etiology.

PMID- 1215421
TI  - Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy complicated by systemic and pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1215422
TI  - Acute arteritis with digital gangrene.

PMID- 1215423
TI  - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome presenting with torsion of stomach.

PMID- 1215424
TI  - Photofragmentation of alpha-oxocarboxylic acids in aqueous solution. An EPR
      study. Formation of semidione radicals by decarboxylative substitution of alpha
      oxocarboxylic acids by acyl radicals--II. Oxaloacetic acid (oxosuccinic acid).

PMID- 1215425
TI  - Ultraviolet inactivation of papain.

PMID- 1215426
TI  - Kinetic studies of the tryptophan triplet state in solid film and in wool
      keratin.

PMID- 1215427
TI  - Inter- and intramolecular effects of tyrosyl residues on flavin triplets and
      radicals as investigated by flash photolysis.

PMID- 1215428
TI  - Effect of the physical state of phospholipid on rhodopsin regeneration from
      retinylidene phospholipid.

PMID- 1215429
TI  - Photocontrol of phytochrome destruction in grass seedlings. The influence of
      wavelength and irradiance.

PMID- 1215430
TI  - Light production in alkaline mixtures of reducing agents and dimethylbiacridylium
      nitrate.

PMID- 1215431
TI  - Some spectral characteristics of the light emitting system of the polynoid worms.

PMID- 1215432
TI  - Photodynamic sensitization by 8-methoxypsoralen via the singlet oxygen mechanism.

PMID- 1215433
TI  - Influence of the environment on the excitation wavelength dependence of the
      fluorescence quantum yield of indole.

PMID- 1215434
TI  - Studies on thymine and uracil triplet excited state in acetonitrile and water.

PMID- 1215435
TI  - Photosensitized herbicidal action.

PMID- 1215437
TI  - Photoelectron quantum yields and photoelectron microscopy of chlorophyll and
      chlorophyllin.

PMID- 1215436
TI  - Anion induced regulation of the absorption maximum of the twenty two carbon
      analog of the N-retinylidene-n-butylammonium cation.

PMID- 1215438
TI  - Pyrene fluorescence lifetime as a probe for oxygen penetration of micelles.

PMID- 1215439
TI  - [Classification of mental phenomena as the highest integration level of man's
      relationship to the environment (with remarks on the phenomenon of altered states
      of consciousness)].
AB  - In recent years mystical ideas have been spreading concerning "altered states of
      consciousness" as "new dimensions of experience and transpersonal communication".
      An analysis is given of the class-conditioned character of these concepts
      deriving from the insecure social conditions existing under moribund imperialism.
      This is contrasted with the dialectical materialist concept of psychic phenomena
      as the highest integration level of man's relationship to the environment.
      Psychic phenomena are interpreted not as epiphenomena but as an expression of the
      new quality attained in the evolution of man as a social being in the central
      control of all functions of man's organism.

PMID- 1215440
TI  - [Neuropsychiatric disorders in children of divorced marriages].
AB  - From the standpoint of polyethiological methods of treating children's
      neuropsychiatric disorder images, the present paper is concerned with the
      question of environmental morbific agents which play a part in the genesis of
      these disorders. The results have made it clear that children of divorced
      marriages have to be treated at medical establishments for psychiatric disorders
      more frequently than those coming from normal family relationships, with a marked
      dependence on the environment to be observed in certain groups of diagnoses. The
      encephalopathic child must be regarded as being particularly endangered.
      Suggestions are given as to the prophylaxis of such disorders, which must
      primarily be oriented towards the family.

PMID- 1215441
TI  - [Tryptophan metabolism research in oligophrenic children. 4.: Activity and
      possibility of activating hepatic kynureninase after vitamin B6 treatment].
AB  - In 8 selected test persons of the 3rd series of experiments who were showing
      signs of pathological kynureninase activity, hepatic kynureninase was again
      established after 3 week's treatment with large doses of vitamin B6. The enormous
      in-vivo activation of the kynureninasis established goes to prove that apoenzyme
      synthesis may be stimulated by pyridoxine. On the basis of these results and the
      relative frequency of disorders dependent on B6, the question arises whether
      children from endangered families should not be given prophylactic vitamin B6
      treatment from birth.

PMID- 1215442
TI  - [Effect of the factor "frequency of words" on temporal and structural
      characteristics of speech reaction in patients with motor-efferent and motor
      afferent aphasia].
AB  - The effect of the factor "Frequency of the words" on the speech and the structure
      of the actualised verbal responses in patients with motor aphasia has been
      studied. It was established that the rate of the verbal associations occurence
      depended on the frequency of the word-stimulus and on the probable frequency of
      the response - stimuli with low frequency prolong the time of the actualisation,
      especially of the period of sound realisation. Alterations in the
      psycholinguistic structure of the associative responses were detected - the
      percentage of the syntagmatic links in both forms of motor aphasia diminished in
      stimuli with low frequency, which showed that the difficulties in the processes
      of combination increased. In repeating, reading aloud, writing to dictation with
      and without pronouncing low frequency words, the number of the mistakes increased
      and parallel to that the possibilities for their correction decreased. In words
      with high frequency, reverse correlation to these mentioned above have been
      established. The results from the study suggested that in preparing the program
      for the reparative education in patients with motor aphasia, we could rely not
      only on the "round-about ways" for the reconstruction of the impaired speech
      system, but also to enlarge considerably the support of its "preserved links".
      Such a "link" undoubtedly is the considerably preserved speech content of high
      frequency words.

PMID- 1215443
TI  - [Fetishistic practices in youth].
AB  - The author, after giving an outline of various theories of the genesis of sexual
      malpractices in general and so-called fetishistic practices in particular, tries
      to show, by reference to the behavior shown by several normally intelligent and
      socially fully integrated young persons, that juvenile fetishism cannot be
      considered a perversion in the proper sense of the word. Also, the results of
      observations made on these young persons show that biological factors play a
      minor role in the genesis of sexual malpractices. Disturbed social learning
      processes in the realm of interhuman relations are considered to be essential to
      the development of abnormal practices.

PMID- 1215444
TI  - [Influence of temperature on the bioelectric conductivity of peripheral motor
      nerve].
AB  - 14 persons were examined electro-neurographically before and after cooling with
      an ice bag. The following results were found. A slight decrease of the motor
      conductivity is verified. This decrease in function is shown most markedly in the
      slowly-conducting motor neurons. At the cooling borderlines reactions with
      increased function are discernible. For the clarification of the relevance of
      changes of the nerve conductivity, further investigations with methodic variants
      are necessary.

PMID- 1215446
TI  - Effects of d-amphetamine on the incorporation of carbon atoms of D-glucose into
      the brains of differentially-housed mice.
AB  - Mice were housed either individually ("isolated") or in groups of 20-25
      ("aggregated") for 5-9 weeks or for 22 weeks. A decreased incorporation of
      radioactivity into brain from subcutaneously-administered U-14C-D-glucose
      occurred in "isolated" mice as compared to grouped animals. Amphetamine,
      administered before labelled glucose, produced a dose-dependent decrease of
      radioactivity which was selective to the brains of the "isolated" mice. The data
      support the correlation between isolation-induced changes in behavior and central
      metabolic pathways and indicate further that these changes may be altered by
      administration of psycho-active agents.

PMID- 1215445
TI  - A functional effect of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and in some other
      dopamine-rich parts of the rat brain.
AB  - Dopamine (5 to 50 mug) applied bilaterally to the nucleus accumbens of reserpine
      nialamide pretreated rats produced a marked dose-dependent rise in coordinated
      locomotor activity, devoid of stereotypies such as gnawing, rearing and licking
      seen after dopamine application (50 mug) to the neostriatum. The locomotor
      activity was completely blocked by pimozide, but not by phenoxybenzamine. The
      effects of apomorphine or d-noradrenaline was similar to those of dopamine. In
      contrast, l-noradrenaline produced a "convulsive" syndrome devoid of coordinated
      locomotor activity, and this convulsive syndrome could be completely blocked by
      phenoxybenzamine but not by pimozide. Release of endogenous dopamine by d- or l
      amphetamine (10 and 50 mug) in the nucleus accumbens produced a rise in
      coordinated activity, the d-isomer was about 4 times as potent as the l-isomer,
      and the effect of the d-isomer was blocked completely by alpha-methyltyrosine.
      Bilateral application of trifluoperazine (2.5 mug) to the nucleus accumbens
      completely blocked the effect of systemically administered d-amphetamine (1.5 and
      3.0 mg/kg), but similar application to the area of the central nucleus of the
      amygdala or the neostriatum was much less effective. Partial protection of the
      endogenous dopamine stores against the depleting action of reserpine by local
      application of metatyramine to the nucleus accumbens resulted in a higher level
      of basal activity than in control animals. Application of dopamine or
      noradrenaline to the area of the central nucleus of the amygdala or to the
      olfactory tubercles did not lead to any consistent changes in locomotor activity.
      The nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercles contained most of the dopamine in
      the limbic forebrain, with noradrenaline more evenly distributed. These data
      suggest that the nucleus accumbens plays an important role in the locomotor
      activity in rats.

PMID- 1215447
TI  - Plasma renin activity in depressed patients treated with increasing doses of
      lithium carbonate.
AB  - Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured in the supine position and after active
      upright stance in patients with endogenous depression and in a group of healthy
      volunteers serving as controls. In the depressed patients, PRA was further
      investigated in the same conditions during treatment with increasing doses of
      lithium carbonate. Basal PRA values were lower in depressed patients than in
      normal controls, particularly in the upright stance, and tended to rise gradually
      during lithium therapy. These findings suggest that lithium may work as a
      stimulant of the renin-angiotensin system, and possibly as an antidepressant, by
      way of producing functional activation of the norepinephrine system independent
      of its action on the water and electrolyte balance.

PMID- 1215448
TI  - The effect of caffeine on human performance, alone and in combination with
      ethanol.
AB  - The effect of caffeine (300 mg/70 kg) on cognitive, perceptual and motor
      functions was investigated both alone and in combination with ethanol (0.75 g/kg)
      in 68 healthy student volunteers of both sexes. A test battery consisting of
      standing steadiness, simple and complex reaction time, manual dexterity,
      numerical reasoning, perceptual speed and verbal fluency was used. Placebos for
      both drugs were included. Caffeine was administered in decaffeinated coffee
      immediately after finishing drinking the alcoholic beverage. A peak plasma
      ethanol concentration of 92 +/- 4 mg/100 ml occurred at 40 min which was not
      modified by caffeine. Caffeine did not antagonise the ethanol-induced decrement
      in performance except in the reaction time tests. Caffeine alone caused a
      significant increase in body sway at 40 min.

PMID- 1215450
TI  - Psychological adaptation to isolator therapy in acute leukaemia.
AB  - Treatment under conditions of gnotobiotic isolation can augment the stress of
      adaptation to a diagnosis of leukaemia. Identification of the psychological
      problems experienced in isolator treatment can contribute to the effective
      maintenance of therapy. Individual patterns of adjustment to treatment relate to
      the psychological mechanisms of defence employed to contend with the dependent
      position enforced by isolation. Psychiatric assessment can assist both patients
      and nursing staff with the management of their separate difficulties in this
      unfamiliar treatment situation. Psychological features of isolator treatment in
      ten patients with acute leukaemia are described and suggestions proposed for
      psychological management of patients under isolator conditions.

PMID- 1215449
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of nomifensine in man.
AB  - Nomifensine pharmacokinetics were determined in healthy volunteers after the oral
      administration of 50 mg of the drug. Peak plasma levels of 95-177 ng/ml were
      attained within 1 to 4 hrs, and the apparent plasma half-lives ranged from 3.3 to
      4.9 hrs. Assuming 100% bioavailability the drug has a relatively large apparent
      volume of distribution. From these findings it appears that the pharmacokinetics
      profile of nomifensine is considerably different from those of other known
      antidepressants. Implications for dosages schedules are discussed.

PMID- 1215451
TI  - Denial revisited: reflections on psychosomatic theory.
AB  - Certain clinical observations cast doubt on the validity of the traditional
      psychological explanation of psychosomatic disorders, which invokes the concept
      of a psychodynamic conflict derived from psychoanalytic theory. Psychosomatic
      patients appear to be unable to describe feelings in words, show a marked paucity
      of fantasy, and do not make significant internal psychological changes in these
      areas in the course of psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy. It is suggested
      that neurophysiological hypotheses may be more useful for understanding
      psychosomatic processes and specifically that disturbances in the function of the
      palleostriatral dopamine tract are related to psychosomatic disorders. Testable
      inferences from this hypothesis are proposed, including the suggestion that
      clinically and neurophysiologically, schizophrenia and psychosomatic disorders
      are the obverse of one another.

PMID- 1215452
TI  - Some dynamic and transactional aspects of family theraphy with psychotic
      patients.
AB  - The application of family therapy to families with psychotic patients involves
      both technical and theoretic observations and underpinnings. The implications of
      these for the understanding of certain family dynamics and the use of family
      therapy in general are investigated. The rhythm of real participation and
      observation on the therapist's part and the utilization of co-therapists is
      contrasted with a more authoritarian, 'director' model of intervention.
      Tendencies in these families towards frozenness and immobility, as well as
      splitting and chaos, must be counteracted, and are reflected in interactions and
      transactions between co-therapists. The importance of unravelling these patterns
      and aiding therapists in the framework of a specially designed, ongoing
      supervisory seminary is stressed.

PMID- 1215453
TI  - Indications for psychotherapy in a psychiatric clinic population. A survey.
AB  - As a part of a larger project of trying to differentiate the therapies for
      inpatients in a psychiatric clinic, we have made a half year's survey of the
      patients' needs for short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Our findings point to less
      than 10% of the inpatients being able to profit from this kind of therapy. These
      findings and their implications are discussed briefly.

PMID- 1215454
TI  - Treatment of anorexia nervosa by the integration of behavior therapy and
      psychotherapy.
AB  - Anorexia nervosa has been approached by a variety of therapeutic regimens. These
      regimens have addressed themselves to either the underlying psychological
      problems or the eating disorder. By integrating behavior therapy and
      psychotherapy, the author proposes a treatment plan which addresses both problems
      simultaneously. Psychotherapy and behavior therapy are theoretically integrable;
      their integration produces a treatment consistent with dynamics underlying
      anorexia nervosa; and this treatment produces, during a relatively short hospital
      stay, rapid weight gain and a foundation for continued psychotherapy. The case of
      a 22-year-old female is presented which describes the treatment by the proposed
      intergrated model with documentation of the results at discharge and at 3 months
      and 1 year follow-up.

PMID- 1215455
TI  - A concept of analytical treatment for patients with psychosomatic disorders.
      Report on the psychosomatic phenomenon and its consequence for therapy.
AB  - With the Paris school the author holds the view that the 'pensee operatoire' is
      pathognomic for the psychosomatic patient. This archaic, 'automatistisch
      mechanistisch' thinking is a consequence of defects in the sphere of the
      physiological pre-ego. Certain typical findings, such as reduplication and
      mechanized object relations are seen as correlates of disturbances in the
      patient's early identification processes. Analytical therapy must thus aim at
      shifting the all but inaccessible psychosomatic phenomenon into a historical
      perspective. The psychological event can set in only when the patient has
      discovered the connexion between his somatic reaction patterns and the emotions
      he is beginning to feel for the security-giving therapist. An account of the
      development of the treatment of one patient (Birgit) illustrates the author's
      concept of analytical therapy in psychosomatics. The 'facilitating environment'
      helped the patient Birgit to differentiate herself from her dual object and thus
      to be able to cathect the level of the triangular relationship. The concept of
      the model ward led on to the development of an ambulatory method of therapy,
      'relaxation analytique', which is based on investigations into the concept of the
      holding function. 'Taking care' of the patient is function of the therapist's own
      inner attitude, of his being prepared to do everything to encourage the
      therapeutic regression. The correlate of this attitude, on the side of the
      patient, is the sense of security which is an essential condition for the 'new
      beginning' to set in.

PMID- 1215456
TI  - Anencephaly diagnosed by ultrasound: a case report.

PMID- 1215457
TI  - Rare-earth phosphor intensifying screens.

PMID- 1215458
TI  - Sturge-Weber syndrome.
AB  - Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber syndrome) is described with a
      typical case history.

PMID- 1215459
TI  - Hepatography.

PMID- 1215461
TI  - The royal college of radiologists.

PMID- 1215460
TI  - Letter: Observations on obstetrical techniques and radiation dose.

PMID- 1215462
TI  - Autotronic system for mammography.

PMID- 1215463
TI  - A multi-purpose contour projector for use in radiotherapy treatment planning.
AB  - The multi-purpose contour projector is a compact piece of apparatus of simple
      design made entirely in the physics workshop and mould room. Its introduction to
      the planning department has standardised and simplified the localisation
      technique so as to make the system more accurate. The device is now used
      routinely on all head and neck moulds.

PMID- 1215465
TI  - [Proceedings: Therapy of meningioma using 198 Au colloid].

PMID- 1215464
TI  - Excretory urography in infants and children.

PMID- 1215467
TI  - [Proceedings:  Difficulties involved in the building of a sterile isotope
      generator with a long-life nucleus].

PMID- 1215466
TI  - [Proceedings:  Therapy of polycythemia vera using 32 phosphorus. Results and
      prognosis].

PMID- 1215468
TI  - [Proceedings: Pulmonary scintiography using indium-iron hydroxyde
      microparticles].

PMID- 1215469
TI  - [Proceedings: Labeling and pharmacokinetics of 131-I-streptokinase].

PMID- 1215470
TI  - [Proceedings: Improved techic for the preparartion of 123 I labeled polypeptide -
      and proteohormone with high immune reactivity].

PMID- 1215471
TI  - [Proceeding: Lableing of iodine radioisotopes].

PMID- 1215472
TI  - [Proceedings: Studies of the metabolization ability of HSA microspheres].

PMID- 1215473
TI  - [Proceedings: Improvement of HSA microspheres ( 1 micromilimeter) in liver
      scintigraphy, their labeling capacity with 99m Tc and 113m In and their
      suitability for chimical and functional diagnosis].

PMID- 1215474
TI  - [Proceedings: Animal experimental studies on the degradation of 131-iodine].

PMID- 1215475
TI  - [Proceedings: Program organization for a processing computer in nuclear
      medicine].

PMID- 1215476
TI  - [Proceedings: Experience with automatic semiquantitative ING evaluation using the
      R 300].

PMID- 1215477
TI  - [Proceedings: Utilization of electronic data processing in medium-size institutes
      of nuclear medicine].

PMID- 1215478
TI  - [Proceedings: 99m Tc from a diffusion generator].

PMID- 1215480
TI  - [Studies on the specific effect of low doses of ionizing radiation on the seeds
      of cultivated plants. 5-Year production experiments using 60C0-gamma irradiated
      silo maize].

PMID- 1215479
TI  - [Possibilities of using tritium in the intratissue rachiotheraphy of tumors].

PMID- 1215481
TI  - [On therapy planning in malignant melanoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215482
TI  - [A plain method for determining the tumour dose in telecobalt rotation therapy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215483
TI  - [Principles and 1974 concepts of "multiple-step cancer therapy". Theoretical
      aspects, programming testing, MCT-induced long-term hyperthermie].

PMID- 1215484
TI  - Radiotherapy as the primary approach in the treatment of laryngeal cancer.

PMID- 1215485
TI  - [Tele-gamma irradiation and regional chemotherapy in the treatment of patients
      with widespread head and neck tumours (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215486
TI  - [The connection between clinical stage and dosetime ratio in laryngeal cancer
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215487
TI  - [Dependence of intestinal radiation responses on temporal and spatial dose
      distribution in radiation therapy of abdominal tumors (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215488
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of radiation risk in medical radiology (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215489
TI  - [Disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism in radiation sickness and its repair
      under the effect of therapeutic preparation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215490
TI  - [Experimental principles for the use of hypoxia in radiation therapy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215491
TI  - [The fate of heterologous antigen (131I-HSA) in the organs of chickens exposed to
      total-body X-irradiation before a secondary antigenic stimulus (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215492
TI  - [Inhibition of proteolytic ferments by taurin in radiation sickness (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215493
TI  - [Haematological changes and survival on mice following continuous irradiation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215494
TI  - [First experiences with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP)
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215496
TI  - [Radiological findings after papilla operation].

PMID- 1215495
TI  - [Radiological results after pancreas partial resection (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215497
TI  - [On radiological function diagnosis on stomach and duodenum following vagotomy
      and pyloroplasty (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215498
TI  - [Megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease). Radiodiagnostical and therapeutical problems
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215499
TI  - [The treatment of acute invagination of sucklings and infants by air insufflation
      into the colon (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215500
TI  - [Diagnosis and surgical therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215501
TI  - [Urographic diagnosis of pyelonephritis with consideration of clinical
      parameters. A study of 1,000 patients].

PMID- 1215502
TI  - [The radiograph of emphysematous cystitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215503
TI  - [Vascular kinking of the internal carotid artery. Angiographic preoperative and
      postoperative function diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215504
TI  - [Comparison of angiographic and ophthalmodynamographic findings in operated
      patient with cerebrovascular insufficiency due to extracranial vascular
      processes].

PMID- 1215505
TI  - [Angiographic following-up after recovery of the venous stream path of
      extremities by streptokinase therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215506
TI  - [Radioresistometry--a method for intraoperative judgement of vascular drainage
      tract (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215507
TI  - [Projection-difference index for tuberculosis lymph-nodes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215508
TI  - [Trends in radiodiagnostical technique (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215509
TI  - [Determination of an optimum enlargement factor by means of objective or
      subjective criteria of picture quality (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215510
TI  - [The influence of x-ray tube voltage on the exposure of x-ray films (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215511
TI  - [On properties of secondary radiation grids (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215513
TI  - [Problems of radiological image formation in the abdominal cavity--scattered
      radiation contrast reduction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215512
TI  - [Significance of linear and multidimensional blurring by the example of
      paraaortal lymph-nodes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215515
TI  - [Output key radiology and its possible use for representing the degree of
      radiological care (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215514
TI  - [Chest radiograph with tilted tube M a contribution to differential diagnosis
      between middle lobe atelectasis and interlobar pleuritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215517
TI  - [Diagnosis of inflammatory renal diseases with sequence scintigraph compared to
      radiological methods].

PMID- 1215516
TI  - [Recommendations for standardization of radiography of thoracic organs in
      childhood].

PMID- 1215518
TI  - [Valuation of lymphographic metastatic criteria by comparison of metastatic and
      non-metastatic inguinal lymphnodes in malignant melanoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215519
TI  - [The lymphographic metastatic index].

PMID- 1215520
TI  - [Radiomorphological changes of hilar lymph-nodes in pneumoconiosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215521
TI  - Value of X-ray cinematography of the oesophagus for the indication of
      portosystemic anastomoses and for the evaluation of their effect.

PMID- 1215522
TI  - [Osteonecrosis or postnecrotic patterns of the knee-joint resembling
      posttraumatic conditions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215523
TI  - [Indication of tomography in midfacial and frontobasal fractures (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215524
TI  - [On some problems of technique of fistulography (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215525
TI  - [The complete colon examination (author's transl)].
AB  - The radiologist must assume complete responsibility for the preparation and
      examination of the entire colon including the rectum. He must cooperate with and
      constantly check his findings with the colonoscopist. When one considers the
      increasing patient load, we cannot expect that all radiologists will be willing
      or able to assume the additional effort to produce Welin's precise results
      routinely. However, even with these examiners, the air contrast method can still
      fulfill the role of a precise and ultimate examination, especially in certain
      selected high risk groups. What Dr. Leo Rigler has said about lung cancer also 
      applies to tumors of the colon. No matter how great or sophisticated the mental
      ability and our tools in differential diagnosis, it is all in vain if we do not
      find the lesion. Not to find the lesion is the irrevocable error.

PMID- 1215526
TI  - Cleansing of the colon without enemas.
AB  - Several methods have been used to cleanse the large bowel prior to roentgen
      examination and rectoscopy for more than ten years. A method with administration
      of a salt solution (SALAX) in combination with different oral laxatives (Cascara
      sagrada, Dantron,  Bisacodyl) without cleansing enemas is described. Hospitalized
      patients should have an individual preparation while ambulatory patients are
      almost completely cleansed if they carefully follow the given instructions.

PMID- 1215527
TI  - Double contrast examination in disease of the anorectal region.
AB  - Patients with symptoms from the anorectal region will not always be
      rectoscopically examined and sometimes lesions of the ano-rectal region are
      overlooked by the rectoscopist. In order to increase the overall diagnostic
      accuracy and make possible an early diagnosis of pathological changes in the ano
      rectal region, the radiologist should take responsibility also for this part of
      the bowel. Minor lesions are often difficult to demonstrate by the conventional
      barium enema, but they are readily seen on an adequately performed double
      contrast examination. Of special importance is the diagnosis of small polypoid 
      tumors which may become malignant. An early diagnosis and subsequent surgical
      removal of these tumors prevent spread and minimizes the surgical procedure.

PMID- 1215528
TI  - [An unusual cause of an "intramural" gas collection in the right colon (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A case of subserous gas collection in the right colon following surgical repair
      of an iatrogenic uterus perforation is presented. The patient showed an ileus
      like roentgen symptomatology when ischemic necrosis of the bowel was suspected.
      Laparatomy demonstrated the remainder of the gas collection in the area of the
      right pelvis extending retroperitoneally towards the right colon, thus presenting
      intramural pneumatosis. Therefore the differential diagnosis of intramural gas
      collection as a sign of ischemic bowel necrosis has to include the harmless
      subserous pneumatosis following abdominal trauma (especially iatrogenic uterus
      perforation).

PMID- 1215529
TI  - [Which are the complications one has to expect in cerebral vasography with modern
      contrast media?].
AB  - Cerebral angiography was performed in 501 patients with a new contrast medium.
      There was good contrast and the vessels were very well visualized. 15 patients
      (2,9%) had side effects. These were reversible; there were no persistent
      distrubances. These were almost exclusively seen in patients with vascular
      cerebral lesions.

PMID- 1215530
TI  - [Rare Neuroradiologic and etiologic entities in carotiscavernous-sinus-fistula].

PMID- 1215531
TI  - [Roentgen diagnosis of the cervical spine].

PMID- 1215532
TI  - [Myelographic findings in multiple sclerosis in combination with cervical
      spondylosis].
AB  - Differential diagnostic problems are considered in 8 patients suffering from
      multiple sclerosis and cervical spondylosis simultaneously. When a clinical
      suspicion for multiple sclerosis is combined with a relatively normal sagittal
      diameter of the cervical vertebral canal, myelographic findings due to cervical
      spondylosis must be evaluated carefully.

PMID- 1215533
TI  - [Significance of discography and ossovenography in patients with cervical ventral
      fusion].
AB  - The value of ossovenography and discography is analysed. These examinations are
      indicated in operativ assessment of patients submitted to cervical ventral
      fusion. Discography revealed more advantages than ossovenography. The importance
      of oblique views in discography for evaluation of the site of disc damage is
      stressed. Ossovenography is superior to discography in severe degenerative
      lesions and patients with short neck.

PMID- 1215534
TI  - [Skeletal lesions in tuberoussclerosis].

PMID- 1215535
TI  - Comparison of serial PGF 2alpha concentrations in serum of normal women and in
      those receiving oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1215536
TI  - Influence of the position of the side chain hydroxy group on the gastric
      antisecretory and antiulcer actions of E1 prostaglandin analogs.
AB  - The influence of transposing the C-15 hydroxy group of prostaglandin E1 methyl
      ester (PGE2ME) on gastric antisecretory and antiulcer actions was investigated.
      The compound (+/-)15-deoxy- 16alpha, beta-hydroxy PGE1ME (SC-28904) was
      equipotent to the reference standard PGE1ME in suppressing histamine-stimulated
      gastric secretion in the Heidenhain pouch (HP) dog. In contrast to PGE1ME, SC
      28904 was longer acting when administered intravenously and also showed
      significant oral activity in the histamine-stimulated gastric fistula dog. SC
      28904 was also equipotent to PGE1ME (range of active doses of 0.5 to 5.0 mg/kg,
      s.c.) in inhibiting forced-exertion gastric ulceration in rats. The compound (+/
      )15-deocy-17alpha, beta-hydroxy PGE1ME (SC-30963) was an inactive antisecretory
      agent in the dog at the 1.0 mg/kg i.v. bolus dose. This dose was 100 times
      greater than the active antisecretory dose of PGE1ME. Likewise, SC-30693, when
      administered subcutaneously at a 5.0 mg/kg dose, was also totally inactive in
      preventing gastric ulcers induced by forced exertion in rats. The important
      implications of this work are that some of the receptor sites for the PGE1
      molecule could easily accomodate the side chain hydroxy group either in the C-15
      or C-16 position. Moreover, the hydroxy group in the latter position
      significantly improved the biological activity of PGE1ME.

PMID- 1215538
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on propulsive activity of the isolated segmental
      colon of the guinea-pig.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF 2alpha) on propulsive activity in
      segments of isolated colon and on isolated strips of guinea-pig colon were
      investigated. Using experimental conditions under which spontaneous propulsive
      activity was negligible, PGF2alpha (5X10(-8)X1X10(-6)M), added to the bathing
      medium increased propulsive activity in a concentration dependent manner. This
      increase of propulsive activity was abolished in the presence of atropine or
      tetrodotoxin (1X10(-7)g/ml). The contractions produced by PGF2alpha (5X10(-7) 
      1X10(-5)M) in isolated longitudinal and circular smooth muscle strips of guinea
      pig colon were unaffected in the presence of atropine or tetrodotoxin (1X10(-7)
      g/ml). From these results it is concluded that under the conditions employed in
      this study propulsive activity stimulated by PGF2alpha may depend on the
      contractions of both muscle layers and stimulation of the peristalic reflex.

PMID- 1215537
TI  - Potentiation of bradykinin-induced vascular permeability increase by
      prostaglandin E2 and arachidonic acid in rabbit skin.
AB  - The activity of prostaglandins (PG) in producing vascular permeability was
      quantitated by dye extraction method in skin of anaesthetized rabbits. PGE1 and
      PGE2 (0.01-10 mug) produced increase in vascular permeability. Activity was
      approximately equal to that of histamine (Hist) and 1/20 of that of bradykinin
      (BK) on a weight basis. The activity of PGF1alpha and PGF2alpha was only 1/20 of
      that of PGE1 or PGE2. In spite of the relatively low potency of PGE1 and PGE2 in
      the rabbit, near threshold doses (0.1 or 1 mug) of PGE2 could potentiate
      permeability responses to bradykinin (0.1 mug) by 10 or 100-fold, respectively.
      Equivalent doses (0.1 or 1 mug) of histamine could not potentiate the bradykinin
      responses. Arachidonic acid (AA) at 1 mug, produced a 10-fold potentiation in the
      permeability response to bradykinin (0.1 mug). Pretreatment of the rabbits with
      indomethacin (20 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the responses of BK (0.1 mug) + AA (1 mug)
      down to a similar magnitude of those seen with bradykinin alone. However,
      indomethacin did not block responses to either, BK alone, BK + PGE2, or BK +
      Hist. Various doses (1, 10, 100 and 300 mug) of arachidonic acid alone also
      produced increase in cutaneous vascular permeability, although its potency was
      only 1/3-1/8 of that of PGE2. This activity of arachidonic acid was attributed in
      part to its bioconversion to PGE2, since its activity was significantly reduced
      by the prostaglandin antagonist, diphloretin phosphate (DPP) (60 mg/kg, i.v.) and
      by indomethacin (20 mg/kg, i.p.), which blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to
      prostaglandins. Arachidonic acid may owe some of its permeability increasing
      effects to histamine release, since its effects were also reduced by the anti
      histamine, pyrilamine (2.5 mg/kg, i.v.).

PMID- 1215539
TI  - Prostaglandins and cholera: the occurrence of prostagland in-like smooth muscle
      contracting substances in cholera diarrhoea.
AB  - Prostaglandin-like smooth muscle contracting substances were identified in acid
      lipid extracts of diarrhoeal faeces taken from patients presenting clinical
      symptoms of cholera. Five out of the eleven cases studied were bacteriologically
      confirmed as cholera. The PG-like activity in the individual samples ranged from
      3-27 mg PGE2 equivalents /ml of diarrhoeal stool. Parallel bioassay and thin
      layer chromatographic analysis of the extracts indicated that about 60% of the
      activity was due to an F-type PG, 15% to an E-type PG and the rest to
      unidentified lipid substanc(s). It is proposed that increased PG production in
      cholera (indicated by these findings) may at least contribute to the disease.

PMID- 1215541
TI  - Molecular basis of prostaglandin potency. II. Proton NMR studies of the
      conformation of prostaglandin F2alpha.
AB  - The proton nmr of PGF2alpha (dissolved in aqueous tBuOH) in the presence of PrC13
      and limited amounts of base shows LIS shifts for the terminal methyl indicating
      an average effective chain length (C-1 to C-20) like that of octanoic acid,
      further evidence that the alpha and omega carbons of prostaglandins are closer in
      space than would be expected based on a random distribution of confermers with
      alternate zig-zag sections of  hydrocarbon chains. Assessing the exact nature of
      the sidechain alignment will require further experiments.

PMID- 1215540
TI  - Kinetic measurements of the release of prostaglandins from perfused rat lungs.
AB  - Prostaglandins released from isolated ventilated and perfused rat lungs were
      measured by a simple modification of the Vane technique using the rat stomach
      fundus as a continuous bioassay tissue. Exogenously supplied arachidonic acid was
      converted mainly to PGF2alpha which was determined by bioassay. A novel method
      for mixing a stream of inhibitors with the perfusate was used to determine
      PGF2alpha in the presence of substrate amounts of arachidonic acid. Using this
      system the apparent Km for PGF2alpha production with arachidonic acid as the
      substrate was found to be 1.90 X 10(-4)M, while the Ki for aspirin was found to
      2.47 X 10(-4)M. These kinetic parameters are close to those reported for cell
      free systems and subcellular fractions suggesting that both substrate and
      inhibitor have ready access to the site of prostaglandin synthesis. The method
      appears to be generally useful to determine the effect of drugs and environment
      factors on the release of prostaglandins by the lung.

PMID- 1215542
TI  - Synthesis of dl-4,5,6-trinor-3,7-inter-m-phenylene-3oxaprostaglandins including
      one which inhibits platelet aggregation.
AB  - The synthesis of dl-4,5,6-trinor-3,7-inter-m-phenylene-3-oxaprostaglandins of the
      E1 and F1alpha series from 6-endo-(1-heptenyl)-bicyclo[3:1:0]hexan-3-one (III),
      is described. Preliminary biological screening data for gerbil colon smooth
      muscle stimulation, rat blood pressure and substrate specificity toward 15
      hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase is presented. Platelet function studies, both
      in vitro and in vivo of dl-4,5,6-trinor-3,7-inter-m-phenylene-3-oxa-PGE1, methyl
      ester (VIII) are presented.

PMID- 1215543
TI  - Assignment of 9- and 11- configuration in prostaglandins by CMR.

PMID- 1215544
TI  - Effects of aspirin on renal sodium excretion, blood pressure, and plasma and
      extracellular fluid volume in salt-loaded rats.
AB  - The effect of aspirin administration and presumed blockade of prostaglandin
      synthesis on renal sodium excretion, plasma and extracellular fluid volumes, and
      blood pressure were examined in rats on a high sodium intake. After acute salt
      loading aspirin treated rats showed an impaired sodium excretion, while no
      changes in glomerular filtration rate were observed. In chronically loaded rats
      (7 weeks) administration of aspirin induced significant increases in both plasma
      and extracellular fluid volume, but no significant changes in blood pressures
      were found. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that prostaglandins
      mediate renal sodium excretion and therefore participate in extracellular fluid
      volume regulation.

PMID- 1215545
TI  - Disappearance of prostaglandins F2alpha and 15-methyl F2alpha from amniotic fluid
      as measured by radiommunoassay.
AB  - A sensitive and relatively specific radioimmunoassay for 15 (S) 15 methyl
      prostaglandin F2alpha was used to determine the levels of the drug in amniotic
      fluid after it had been injected intra-amniotically for termination of second
      trimester pregnancy. The disappearance of the free acid (tham salt) and methyl
      ester of the prostaglandin analogue were similar. The results of this preliminary
      study suggest that the drug rapidly equilibrates in the fluid and this followed
      by a slow removal from the amniotic sac. A comparison with a similar study with
      PGF2Alpha revealed that the analogue had a longer half-life in the amniotic
      fluid.

PMID- 1215546
TI  - Intracerebral prostaglandin E2: effects upon sexual behavior, open field activity
      and body temperature in ovariectomized female rats.
AB  - A single 27 gauge implant of PGE2 into the periventricular region of the
      hypothalamus resulted in a significant increase in sexual receptivity in estrogen
      primed, ovariectomized female rats. Open field activity levels were only slightly
      decreased while rectal body temperature increased significantly over control
      values. It is postulated that the effects upon sexual receptivity might be
      mediated by PGE2 stimulated LRF release.

PMID- 1215547
TI  - Prostaglandins and post-abortion luteolysis in early pregnancy.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine if post-abortion luteolysis in early
      pregnancy could be accelerated by the administration of 15(S)15-methyl
      PGF2alpha(15-me-PGF2alpha) or delayed following pretreatment with indomethacin.
      Thirty-nine women were divided into four groups: 7 women were given 400mug 15-me
      PGF2alpha extra-amniotically one hour prior to vacuum aspiration; 14 were
      pretreated with oral indomethacin (50 mg X4) over 24 hours; 7 were given
      indomethacin (50mg X 6) over 36 hours and 11 served as controls. Plasma
      progesterone and estradiol were measured at fixed intervals before and after
      abortion. There was a rapid drop in the plasma progesterone within the first hour
      after abortion followed by an exponential decline over the next 23 hours. The
      plasma estradiol fell rapidly duriing the same period. Under the experimental
      conditions of this study neither 15-me-PGF2alpha nor indomethacin exerted a
      significant effect on the decline in luteal function. These results are
      interpreted as suggesting that factors other than prostaglandins have a more
      significant role in post-abortion luteolysis.

PMID- 1215548
TI  - [An epidemic of viral meningitis in the City of Grudziadz in 1974].

PMID- 1215549
TI  - [Management of an epidemic of trichinosis].

PMID- 1215550
TI  - [Incomplete antibodies in chronic brucellosis].

PMID- 1215551
TI  - [Fate of diabetic patients. I. Methods of research and study group].

PMID- 1215552
TI  - [Retrobulbar optic neuritis in the course of epidemic parotitis].

PMID- 1215553
TI  - [Exchange blood transfusion in a case of hepatic coma during viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1215554
TI  - [Case of Guillain-Barre syndrome in the course of viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1215555
TI  - [Present status of research on delusions].
AB  - Regarding the definition of the concept of delusion it is stated that up to now
      delusions can be diagnosed only with the aid of phenomenological intuition. The
      decisive criterion is the high subjective certainty in the sense of an
      elimination of the possibility of chance coincidences without any narrowing of
      affect. The current hypotheses are presented, concerning the choice of theme, the
      acute elimination of chance without narrowing of affect, the persistence of
      certainty and incorrigibility. The relationship between age at the onset of the
      illness and the choice of the illness and the choice of theme are discussed in
      the light of my own findings. Reasons emerge to believe that, depending on the
      respective cultural setting, certain age specific themes can play a role in the
      formation of the content of delusions. The acute subjective certainty, as well as
      the incorrigibility are linked with organic or endogenous syndromes.

PMID- 1215556
TI  - [The delusion as an expression of the life history].

PMID- 1215557
TI  - [Nosological aspects of paranoid psychoses].
AB  - The author stresses the lack of nosological entities in psychiatry, and also the
      necessity of a classification system. Paranoid symptoms are found in most types
      of psychoses, both functional and organic psychoses. Among the functional
      psychoses the schizophrenias often have a paranoid picture, and paranoid traits
      may be found even in the affective psychoses. The Scandinavian concept of
      reactive psychoses is presented, including reactive psychoses is presented,
      including reactive psychoses of paranoiac, paranoid and schizophreniform type.
      Finally, the author presents his own personal follow-up study of paranoid
      psychoses after an observation time of 5-18 years. This study demonstrates 81%
      cured, of the patients with the discharge diagnosis of reactive psychoses, as
      against 23% cured, of the patients with the discharge diagnosis of schizophrenia.
      The author suggests a continuum of the paranoid psychoses from the schizophrenias
      via the schizophreniform and paranoid reactive psychoses to the more affective
      psychoses with slight tendency to paranoid symptomatology.

PMID- 1215558
TI  - [Prognostic and therapeutic aspects of catathymis delusions].
AB  - The prognostic and therapeutic aspects of catathymic delusional formations,
      excluding those associated with organic psychoses, are comprehensively presented
      from five points of view: (1) the present possibilities of psychiatric
      prognostication; (2) prognostic implications of nosological classifications; (3)
      prognostic significance of nosographic characteristics; (4) relationship to
      general rules of psychiatric prognostics; (5) therapautic points. Under (3) we
      report our own findings concerning the long-term development of delusional
      formations and the long-term course of delusional illnesses classified as
      'schizophrenia of late onset'; we report their relationships to the formation of
      defect syndromes and to the psycho-organic deterioration in old age.

PMID- 1215559
TI  - [The delusional perception--an attempt at definition and experimental results].

PMID- 1215561
TI  - [Prognosis of catathymic delusions in the light of their long-term medical
      record].
AB  - Two groups of patients with delusional illnesses (previous paranoics and previous
      'late schizophrenics' with delusional syndromes) with similar backgrounds, were
      followed up after many years and were re-examined in the same way. They were
      compared with each other as regards further developments of delusional formations
      and their psychopathological determinants. In the group of 'late schizophrenics'
      the delusions disappeared more frequently than in the groups of paranoics, and
      the delusional productivity diminished more often. On examination of various
      psychopathological characteristics and their influence on the further development
      of delusional formations (core syndromes of the general psychiatric
      symptomatology, appearance of affective changes, further development of the
      delusional productivity) only  tendencies are shown, never obligatory
      relationships. The order of the relationships which we found remains uncertain;
      it is not likely that we are dealing with relationships of the first order.

PMID- 1215560
TI  - [Clinical-psychopathological and electroencephalographic studies on patients with
      delusions of the paranoic and the paraphrenic types].
AB  - Clinical-psychopathological and electroencephalographic investigations are
      reported, carried out on patients with delusions of the paranoic and of the
      paraphrenic types. Abnormal EEGs were found more frequently in patients with a
      paraphrenic syndrome, and there was also a relatively more frequent response to
      flickering lights than in the paranoic group. There was also a more frequent
      response to flicker in patients with auditory hallucinations.
      Psychopathologically more florid delusional syndromes appear to produce
      abnormalities in the EEG more readily than do psychopathologically less elaborate
      syndromes.

PMID- 1215563
TI  - [Parathormon--some clinical and pathophysiological aspects (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215562
TI  - [The nosological problem of catathymic delusion from the genetic point of view].
AB  - After pointing to the heterogeneous results of past investigations into the
      genetics of catathymic delusional illnesses we present our own findings. By
      grouping the primary probands according to their psychopathology we showed that
      the relatively few schizophrenic secondary probands are fairly equally
      distributed over all the subgroups of the case material, whereas the relatively
      frequent manic depressive secondary probands are related exclusively to those
      primary probands whose general psychiatric symptomatology, irrespective of the
      catathymic delusional syndrome, was classified psychopathologically as manic
      depressive.

PMID- 1215564
TI  - [Results of treatment of ileus in children with defective position of the
      intestines (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215565
TI  - [An evaluation of Duhamel's operative method in treatment of Hirschsprung's
      disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215566
TI  - [Results of treatment of obesity with low calorie diet and additional drugs
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215567
TI  - [Laboratory diagnosis in gastroenterology. Immunologic diagnosis of digestive
      tract diseases].

PMID- 1215568
TI  - [Effect of secretine and atropine on alimentary gastric secretion (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215569
TI  - [Two cases of two-years remission in acute leukaemia in children without
      maintenance therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215570
TI  - [Occlusion of the cerebral vessels in children (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215571
TI  - [Abdominal actinomycosis-difficulties in differentiating from neoplasms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215572
TI  - [Aneurysms of the right pulmonary artery coexisting with persistent arterial duct
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215573
TI  - [Results of azathioprine treatment of patients with glomerulonephritis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1215574
TI  - [Letter: Transitory right bundle-branch block in the course of pulmonary edema].

PMID- 1215575
TI  - Experimental protein deficiency in adult rats.
AB  - Male adult rats of the Wistar strain were fed "ad libitum" either a protein-free
      or a 20% casein diet for a period of 28 to 32 days. At the end of the
      experimental procedure, the animals given the protein-free diet presented a
      marked loss of body weight plus low levels of plasma protein and albumin
      concentration. Their livers showed diffuse fatty changes; most of the animals had
      moderate to severe fatty liver infiltration. They had a negative cumulative
      nitrogen balance; on the contrary, rats fed the 20% casein diet showed nitrogen
      retention. The animals of one of the two protein-deficient groups had a
      significant lower food intake than its control group. However, when food intake
      was related to animal body weight (g/100 g), the rates of rats on the 20% casein
      diet and those on protein-free diet were not significantly different.

PMID- 1215576
TI  - [Hypothalamic stimulation effects on duodenal motility of rat. IV) Vias
      hypothalamo-duodenal (author's transl)].
AB  - Changes in duodenal motility, induced by electrical stimulation of hypothalamus,
      have been studied in rats, and registered by the baloon method. Localization of
      stimulated points was made by stereotaxic method, or by hostological control.
      Four animals were previously adrenalectomized. In 13 rats, the experiment has
      been repeated after bilateral cervical vagotomy. In 5 animals after total spinal
      cord transection, in the first dorsal segment. In 7 rats the experiment was
      reproduced after venous injections of atropine solution. In 5 rats after venous
      injections of dibenamine solution, and in other 5, after venous injection of
      hexamethonium solution. CONCLUSIONS: 1) Impulses that produced excitatory
      duodenal effects were mediated by the vagi nerves. 2) Impulses that produied
      inhibitory duodenal effects were not transmitted by the vagi nerves, but by
      sympathetic pathways.

PMID- 1215578
TI  - [Human genetics studies in areas of high natural radiation. VII. Genetic load].
AB  - Two methods to estimate the inbreeding load (Morton, Crow and Muller17 1956;
      Freire-Maia and Freire-Maia6 1965) are reviewed. Both are employed in the
      analysis of our data. Besides the total population, a sample constituted of
      individuals with no alien ancestral is also analysed. No clean effect of natural
      radioactivity, as measured by genetic load models, has been found (this is
      especially valid for abortions, pre-natal mortality, anomalies, and abnormalities
      in general). The results on stillbirths and post-natal and total mortalities are
      discussed, and it is concluded that most probably the differences found are due
      to uncontrolled concomitant variables (if not to chance alone). Further analysis
      are under way.

PMID- 1215577
TI  - Reappearance of embryonal antigens in planarian regenerates.
AB  - A transient and apparently orderly re-expression of embryonal antigens in
      planarian regenerates has been demonstrated. This finding seems to corroborate
      the hypothesis that regeneration in planarians is based on a recapitulation of
      mechanisms that operate the embryogenesis of these animals, andgives some support
      to the concept of cancer as a misprogrammed regeneration when contemplated
      against the background of facts pointed out in the literature.

PMID- 1215579
TI  - [Genetics and public health in Brazil (author's transl)].
AB  - The author discusses the effect of genetic disorders on public health,
      considering not only the affected persons but the importance of assisting their
      relatives. Sickle cell anemia and consanguineous marriage are specially
      considered in Northeastern Brazil due to its frequencies and possibilities of
      being explained to the public through genetic counselling.

PMID- 1215580
TI  - [Blood transfusion: I. Medico-social peculiarities and the fundamentals for its
      organization on a national basis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215581
TI  - [Blood transfusion. II. Blood resources (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215582
TI  - [Blood transfusion: III. Blood transfusion centers and information processing
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215583
TI  - [Plasma sodium and potassium after electroshock and bleeding in rabbits].

PMID- 1215584
TI  - [Salmonellosis in a clinic of internal medicine].

PMID- 1215586
TI  - [Value of gammagraphy in the diffuse liver diseases].

PMID- 1215585
TI  - [Results of the treatment of mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1215587
TI  - [Phonomechanocardiography of pericarditis. II. Carotidogram (continuation):study
      of the systolic quotients in the expulsion phase].

PMID- 1215588
TI  - [Autopsy of 30 cases of primary hepatic tumor].

PMID- 1215589
TI  - [Delayed post-traumatic pleuropericarditis. Its relation to post-pericardiotomy.
      Report of 3 cases].

PMID- 1215590
TI  - [Gastrectomy, phytobezoar and gastric candidiasis].

PMID- 1215591
TI  - [Epidemiology of Australia antigen among the population of Las Hurdes].

PMID- 1215592
TI  - [Immunological aspects in a population with endemic cretinism and goiter].

PMID- 1215593
TI  - [Phonomechanocardiography of pericarditis: 3. Precardiogram: morphology and
      chronodynamometry].

PMID- 1215594
TI  - [Renal amyloidosis. Study of 18 cases].

PMID- 1215595
TI  - [Oculo-pharyngeal muscular dystrophy].

PMID- 1215596
TI  - [Juvenile coronary arteriosclerosis. Study of 134 necropsies].

PMID- 1215597
TI  - [Middle-lobe syndrome].

PMID- 1215598
TI  - [Treatment of arterial hypertension using high doses of salt and furosemide].

PMID- 1215599
TI  - [Treatment of hypertension using propranolol combined with hydralazine and a
      thiazidine diuretic. 1st results].

PMID- 1215600
TI  - [A new case of inverted angina pectoris with a Prinzmetal's phenomenon].

PMID- 1215601
TI  - [Our criteria concerning the indication for tubal surgery. 2].

PMID- 1215602
TI  - [Editorial: Pathology of the tricuspid valve].

PMID- 1215603
TI  - [Electrocardiogram of the bunddle of His in The Wolff-Parkinson-White and Lown
      Ganon-Leveine syndromes].

PMID- 1215604
TI  - [Advantages of early rehabilitation in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1215605
TI  - [Disorders of ventricular repolarization caused by an endocardial pacemaker].

PMID- 1215606
TI  - [Influence of the contractile status on the clinical results obtained after
      surgical correction in acquired valvulopathies].

PMID- 1215607
TI  - [Hemodynamic evaluation of pulmonary hypertension secondary to mitral valve
      disease].

PMID- 1215608
TI  - [Aortic coarctation and congenital mitral valve insufficiency].

PMID- 1215609
TI  - [Congenital familial heart disease].

PMID- 1215610
TI  - [L-loop bulbo-ventricular malformations. Diagnostic aspects].

PMID- 1215611
TI  - [Cardiac arrest (analysis, in 99 arrests, of the factor associated with immediate
      survival)].

PMID- 1215612
TI  - [Relationship between vascular pulmonary pressure and functional status of the
      left ventricle in coronary disease].

PMID- 1215613
TI  - [Truncalordistal blocks of the heart conduction system with PR intervals within
      normality].

PMID- 1215615
TI  - [Left ventricle with double outlet: study of a case, and review of the
      literature].

PMID- 1215614
TI  - [Total trasposition of the aorta with pulmonary artery mounted on both
      ventricles. An unnusual form of transposition].

PMID- 1215616
TI  - [Paroxymal ventricular tachycardia induced by a "dislodged" pacemaker].

PMID- 1215617
TI  - [Calcification of a ductus arteriosus patent].

PMID- 1215618
TI  - Inhibition of intestinal sugar transport by phenformin.
AB  - The effect of phenformin on the absorption of D-glucose and D-galactose by
      hamster and rat intestine, was studied. Phenformin did not affect D-glucose
      absorption by rat intestine, but it inhibited at 10(-3) to 10(-2) M the
      absorption of D-glucose and D-galactose by hamster intestine. The inhibition was
      higher when D-glucose was tested. Phenformin also inhibited active accumulation
      of these sugars by rings of hamster small intestine, in vitro; this effect was
      greater when D-glucose was utilized. The drug inhibits the oxygen uptake in the
      tissue in the absence or in the presence of added substrate. Phenformin, as
      previously suggested, does not seem to act as a specific inhibitor on D-glucose
      transport, but most likely by its inhibitory effect on mitochondrial respiration.

PMID- 1215619
TI  - Sodium dependence of intestinal active transport of sugars in snail
      (Cryptomphalus hortensis Muller).
AB  - Active transport of sugars (D-galactose, D-glucose, 3-0-methylglucose and L
      arabinose) by sacs of everted intestine of snail (Cryptomphalus hortensis) was
      strongly inhibited, but not abolished, when all Na from the bathing solutions was
      substituted by K, Tris, Mg or Ca. Absence of Na produced also a marked inhibition
      of O2 consumption by the tissue. Omission of other cations (K, Ca, Mg),
      substituted by Tris, did not affect sugar transport or O2 uptake. Sodium seems to
      play a specific and important but not indispensable role in sugar active
      transport by snail intestine. Since anaerobiosis did not affect sugar transport,
      this Na role is independent of its effect on O2 uptake.

PMID- 1215621
TI  - Pine seed ribonucleases. I. Preparation and properties.
AB  - The enzyme preparation, about 100 fold purified, shows optimal activity at pH 4.8
      and 5.9. This activity lessens rapidly at 40-60 degrees C, and retains 20% at 100
      degrees C. These results of heat stability and optimal pH might suggest that the
      enzyme preparation contains two enzymes. The use of gel filtration clearly shows
      that pine RNAses are endonuclease.

PMID- 1215620
TI  - Studies on bradycardia mechanism in the moderately hypothermic dog.
AB  - Chronotropic action of isoprenaline on the heart was studied in anesthetized
      dogs, in euthermic and moderate hypothermic conditions, before and after
      intravenous administration of atropine and oxprenolol or a cervical bilateral
      vagotomy. In moderate hypothermia we observed: i) larger duration of the positive
      chronotropic response to isoprenaline with a delayed and slightly lesser
      intensity in its maximum; ii) relating to euthermic conditions, delayed but
      superimposed potentiation of the chronotropic isoprenaline response in
      atropinized or vagotomized dogs; iii) a small negative chronotropic response to
      isoprenaline 15 min after oxprenolol, that diminished after atropine; iiii)
      oxprenolol induced a marked bradycardia nearly twice as intense as in euthermic
      dogs, almost completely blocked subsequently by atropine. It is concluded that
      progressive bradycardia in the moderately hypothermic dog is due, among other
      factors, to a cholinergic action but not to a lesser ability of beta-adrenergic
      cardiac effectors to chronotropic responses.

PMID- 1215622
TI  - Rapid biochemical test for seed germinability.
AB  - Sugar and aminoacids were investigated in sterile distilled water after Pinus
      pinea seeds had been soaked in it during 24 hours at 37 degrees C. Germination
      viability decreased with the ageing of the seeds and was accompanied by sugar and
      aminoacids increase in the exudate. The sugar content from seeds with loss of
      germinability was about 50 to 80 times greater than that from seeds with good
      germinability. Paper chromatography showed that there was an increase in mono,
      di, oligosaccharides and amino-acids in seeds without germinability, but these
      substances were only found as trace quantities in viable seeds. The methods
      already described by TKAYANAGI and MURAKAMI to determine germinability could be
      applied with some modifications to Pinus pinea seeds. The presence of sugar in
      the exudate could be detected by urine sugar test after 24 hours at 37 degrees C.
      It was necessary to concentrate the exudate till a final volume of 2 ml.

PMID- 1215623
TI  - Effect of epinephrine on the synthesis of glyceride glycerol in adipose tissue in
      vitro.
AB  - In order to study the effect of epinephrine on the rate of esterification of
      fatty acids in adipose tissue, pieces of epididymal fat pad were incubated in KRB
      in the presence of purified albumin, glucose and either 1-14C-glycerol, 1-14C
      glucose or 6-14C-glucose. Epinephrine enhances the production of glycerol but
      reduces the uptake of 1-14C-glycerol by the tissue and its conversion to 14CO2,
      14C-fatty acids and 14C-glyceride glycerol. When the change in specific activity
      of the tracer is taken into account the effect of epinephrine on the utilization
      of glycerol by the tissue is only observed in the reduction of glyceride glycerol
      synthesis. When 14C-labelled glucose was used as tracer, epinephrine enhances
      both the production of 14CO2 from 6-14C-glucose and the synthesis of 14C
      glyceride glycerol from 1-14C and 6-14C-glucose. The contrasting effects of
      epinephrine on the glyceride glycerol formation from glycerol and from glucose
      can explain the difficulties found in observing any change in the net rate of
      esterification of fatty acids by adipose tissue.

PMID- 1215624
TI  - Regional distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine in cat brain.
AB  - The regional distribution of serotonin (5-HT) in the brain of the cat is poorly
      understood. In this work, serotonin was analyzed fluorometrically along the brain
      stem and prosencephalon of the cat. The hypothalamus had the highest
      concentration of serotonin. Serotonin decreased gradually at the mesencephalon,
      preoptic area, medulla oblongata, hippocampus, pons, visual cortex, spinal cord
      and frontal cortex. Significant differences were found between the raphe (3 mm
      thick) and the lateral blocks of the brain stem. The concentration of serotonin
      is higher in the raphe blocks, though it decreases caudally. There is no
      significant difference between the raphe (4 mm thick) and the lateral block of
      the brain stem. The results demonstrate the regional concentration of serotonin
      in the CNS of a normal cat, the relationships between serotoninergic neuron
      groups and serotonin concentration,and the probable significance of nerve
      terminals and varicosities in storing serotonin.

PMID- 1215625
TI  - [Action of the sexual hormones on the endogenous norepinephrine of the central
      nervous system (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of ovariectomy and the injection of sexual hormones on the
      norepinephrine (NE) content in different areas of the central nervous system were
      studied in the Wistar female rat. The ovariectomy increased the NE in the
      hypothalamus, cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. The estradiol benzoate did
      not modify the NE levels in the ovariectomized rats. Progesterone decreased the
      NE in the hypothalamus and testosterone dipropionate increased it in the brain
      hemispheres. It seems possible that the hypersecretion of FSH would increase the
      synthesis of NE in castrated animals through the potentation of the tyroxine
      hydroxylase activity. Increase in testosterone synthesis was probably responsible
      for the raise in NE levels. The progesterone moderated the effects of the
      ovariectomy, probably through feed-back mechanisms involving the hypothalamic
      hypophyseal tract.

PMID- 1215626
TI  - [A study of the o-toluidine method for glycogen measurement (author's transl)].
AB  - The application of the o-toluidine procedure for glucose estimation was studied
      in the determination of glycogen. Decrease in final colour formation, caused by
      the acid used on hydrolising glycogen, was the major problem. 90 minutes
      incubation periods with 1N sulphuric acid at 100 degrees C, produced best
      results. Some other steps of this method and their application to glycogen
      measurement are also discussed. The proposed procedure leads to a stable colour
      formation, proportional to glycogen concentration, and allows determination of
      polysaccharide in small biological samples.

PMID- 1215627
TI  - [Chronic cervical hematomyelia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215628
TI  - [Extradural hematomas of mild evolution].

PMID- 1215629
TI  - [Results obtained with the glucofuranoside (Glivenol) in several oftalmic
      diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215630
TI  - [Ophthalmology in brief notes].

PMID- 1215631
TI  - [Our results in the surgical treatment of the normal pressure hydrocephalus. A
      review of 20 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215632
TI  - Reversibility of thermal injury to myocardial protein synthesis.
AB  - The ability of transient temperature variations for up to 120-min duration to
      affect myocardial protein synthesis (MPS) with return to normal temperatures was
      evaluated using 14C-phenylalanine incorporation into total protein of isolated
      rabbit right ventricular papillary muscles as in vitro model. Muscles were
      incubated in oxygenated Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing tracer amino
      acid at temperatures of 28-43 degrees C or incubated without tracer at the same
      temperatures for up to 120 min and then incubated at 37 degrees C for an
      additional 2 hr with the tracer amino acid present for the final hour of
      incubation. Higher as well as lower than physiological temperatures depressed
      MPS. Recovery from thermal injury to MPS was significantly incomplete when the
      experimental temperature deviated by 6 degrees C or more from the control (28 and
      43 degrees C, respectively) and exposure exceeded 60-min duration. Specific
      activity of the intracellular amino acid pool was directly measured, and
      variations in specific activity of the tracer pool were not responsible for the
      observed effects on MPS. Methylprednisolone (10(-5)M), chloroquine phosphate (10(
      5) M), and glucose (15 mM) if present during hyperthermia did not ameliorate
      thermal damage. It is concluded that hypothermia causes inhibition as well as a
      degree of irreversible inactivation of the protein synthetic mechanism whereas
      hyperthermia causes predominant denaturation and irreversibile damage to MPS.

PMID- 1215633
TI  - Autoradiographic analysis of label distribution in mammalian atrial and
      ventricular cardiocytes after exposure to tritiated leucine.
AB  - Radiolabeled leucine was used as a marker for newly synthesized proteins in rat
      atrial and ventricular muscle. The fate of these proteins was assessed during
      time-course experiments using high resolution autoradiography. Special attention
      was paid to the labeling pattern in the central sarcoplasmic cores of atrial
      cardiocytes. The data obtained are compatible with the view that these cells
      synthesized, concentrate, and a store a product of protein nature in a fashion
      similar to that observed in some secretory cell types.

PMID- 1215635
TI  - Glycogen content in human embryonic heart.
AB  - Glycogen concentration in the human embryonic heart is about 10 times higher than
      in that of human adults. Glycogen content of embryonic right atrium is
      significantly higher than that in ventricles.

PMID- 1215634
TI  - Protective role of increased myocardial glycogen stores induced by propranolol.
AB  - Glycogen is an essential substrate during myocardial anoxia. Since porpranolol
      may maintain myocardial glycogen levels after acute stress by blockade of
      catecholamine-induced glycogenolysis, we evaluated the effect of propranolol
      treatment in the isolated perfused isovolumic paced rat heart. Forty-one rats
      were studied after 10 min of ice-water immersion: half were pretreated with
      propranolol, 20 mg/kg/day x3, and half with saline. Glycogen content of
      unperfused propranolol-treated hearts exceeded controls by 46% (146 +/- 9 vs. 100
      +/- 4 mumoles/g dry wt, p less than 0.02), and this difference persisted during
      aerobic perfusion. Propranolol did not affect adenine nucleotide concentration or
      left ventricular hemodynamics. Following 5 min of anoxic perfusion, propranolol
      hearts showed improved ventricular performance concomitant with enhanced
      glycogenolytic flux and lactate production. Propranolol augmented high energy
      phosphate production (ATP/AMP = 5.19 +/- 0.42 vs. 3.39 +/- 0.42, p less than
      0.02) and increased coronary flow (22.1 +/- 1.6 vs. 16.6 +/- 1.4 ml/min, p less
      than 0.02) during anoxia. Thus, propranolol supported glycogen stores following
      acute stresses, enhanced glycogenolytic energy production, increased coronary
      flow, and improved ventricular function during subsequent anoxia.

PMID- 1215636
TI  - Studies on the control of energy metabolism in mammalian cardiac muscle cells in
      culture.
AB  - Myocardial cells in a monolayer culture are a myogenic model system wihch shows
      functional differentiation and in which the intracellular metabolism and energy
      utilization do not differ markedly from those of the fresh tissue. In the
      myocardial cells, as in numerous other muscle tissues, the concentration of high
      energy phosphate compounds, primarily phosphorylcreatine, correlates well with
      the functional integrity of the cells. The decline of adenosine triphosphate
      (ATP) below a critical level leads to the cessation of rhythmic contractions of
      the cells in culture, and, conversely, an increased steady state level of ATP
      correlates with an increased rate of excitability. When creatine, in the
      concentration range known to be present in the cardiac tissue, is added to the
      growth medium of the cultured myocardial cells, the intracellular concentration
      of phosphorylcreatine increases up to 100%. Since the only metabolic path known
      for phosphorylcreatine synthesis is via creatine phosphokinase, the rate of
      transphosphorylation and ATP synthesis must have been increased. This stimulation
      of energy production is due to the regeneration of mitochondrial ADP brought
      about by the phosphosphorylation of creatine to phosphorylcreatine and possibly,
      also, to an enhanced rate of glycolysis. No net transfer of approximately P from
      ATP to creatine was observed under any of the experimental conditions. The high
      steady state level of phosphorylcreatine was not maintained upon the addition of
      either oligomycin or 2-deoxyglucose, and the addition of both metabolic
      inhibitors simultaneously resulted in a depletion of phosphorylcreatine and ATP
      and in cessation of rhythmic contractions. The excitability was also inhibited
      upon the addition of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a creatine phosphokinase
      inhibitor, and the accompanying depletion of approximately P was primarily
      reflected in a decrease of ATP concentration. These findings support the
      following conclusions: (1) phosphorylcreatine serves as a source of approximately
      P for the resynthesis of ATP at the site of utilization (i.e., myofibrils,
      membrane) and thus maintains the optimal energy charge; (2) production site; (3)
      the regeneration of phosphorylcreatine is coupled to oxidative phosphorylation
      and possibly to glycolysis. Creatine-phosphorylcreatine system operates as a
      undirectional shuttle for approximately P and as a control system regulating
      energy production according to demand. Reports of studies on intact mitochondria
      and on isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase give further support to the above
      conditions.

PMID- 1215637
TI  - Importance of calcium in the inotropic effect of hyperosomotic agents,
      norepinephrine, paired electrical stimulation, and treppe.
AB  - The data obtained from these studies demonstrate that the inotropic effect of
      hyperosmolar mannitol and sucrose and of paired electrical stimulation is
      critically influenced by extracellular calcium concentration. The inotropic
      effect of norepinephrine is not prevented by maximal functional extracellular
      calcium concentrations. Inhibition of systolic calcium flux at the cell membrane
      by D600 does not prevent the inotropic effect of hyperosmolar mannitol or of
      paired electrical stimulation but it does prevent the inotropic effect of
      hyperosmolar intropic effect of treppe. Thus, intracellular calcium regulation
      appears to be of major importance in the inotropic effect in isolated cardiac
      muscle of mannitol and paired pacing while systolic calcium flux at the cell
      membrane appears to be of major importance in the inotropic effect of treppe.

PMID- 1215638
TI  - Calcium, tropomyosin, and actomyosin as controls of calcium binding by troponin.
AB  - A nonlinear least squares analysis of Scatchard plots of Ca++ binding to
      troponin, native tropomyosin, and myosin B demonstrates that troponin does not
      possess two classes of independent binding sites. Since the data cannot be
      accounted for by assuming more than two classes of independent sites, we conclude
      that binding of one Ca decreases the affinity of troponin for binding the next.
      Negative interaction is increased in the presence of tropomyosin and further
      increased by actomyosin. The maximal Ca++ affinity of troponin at low fractional
      occupancy is not affected by tropomyosin but may be significantly reduced by
      actomyosin. Because of negative interaction, troponin's Ca++ affinity should vary
      during the course of contraction. This variation could profoundly affect
      translocations of Ca between troponin and reticulum and the time course of the
      active state.

PMID- 1215639
TI  - Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria isolated from stressed rat heart.
AB  - Oxidative phosphorylation was measured polarographically in mitochondria isolated
      from rat heart. With regard to ADP/O ratio and respiratory control index, no
      differences were found among mitochondria isolated from normal, acutely
      (increased pneumatic resistance of the heart-lung preparation) and chronicly
      (renal hypertension) stressed heart. However, the acute stressed heart induced by
      strangulating the outflow tract of the heart-lung preparation showed clear
      depression and tendency to depression, respectively, in the level of ADP/O ratio
      and respiratory control index in mitochondria. The results indicate that there is
      no change in the oxidative phosphorylating mechanism of the myocardial
      mitochondria of nonfailed heart despite acute or chronic pressure loadings;
      however, there is an uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of
      the failed heart after acute strangulation of the outflow tract.

PMID- 1215640
TI  - Relationship between coronary flow and adenosine triphosphate production from
      glycolysis and oxidative metabolism.
AB  - The relationship between coronary flow and adenosine triphosphate ATP production
      was determined in isolated rat hearts and in situ pigs hearts. The major source
      of ATP in ischemic hearts was oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidation of glucose
      accounted for most of the residual oxygen consumption in ischemic hearts when the
      concentration of fatty acids was low, but at 1.2 mM palmitate fatty acids were
      oxidized in preference to carbohydrate, as in aerobic hearts. The rates of ATP
      production from both glycolysis and oxidative metabolism were decreased in
      proportion to the reduction in coronary flow in oxygen-deficient hearts.
      Glycolysis was reduced to below aerobic rates when coronary flow was about 0.5
      ml/min/g tissue in both rat hearts perfused with bicarbonate buffer and blood
      perfused pig hearts. Tissue level of high energy phosphates reflected the rates
      of ATP production and declined in proportion to the reduction in coronary flow.
      In addition, tissue lactate and H+ accumulated in proportion to the restriction
      in flow.

PMID- 1215642
TI  - Impairment of mitochondrial function following reperfusion of acutely ischemic
      myocardium.
AB  - This study examines indices of respiratory function in mitochondria prepared from
      transiently ischemic myocardium that had been reperfused in order to evaluate the
      validity of performing early surgical revascularization procedures. Experiments
      were performed in pigs with temporary ligation (15-80 min) of an anterior
      descending coronary artery followed by a 2-hr reperfusion period. Mitochondria
      preparations were studied simultaneously from normal and reperfused mitochondria
      in malate and glutamate substrates using the polarographic method. Results
      revealed a marked decrease of oxygen consumption of mitochondria from reperfused
      myocardium with relative preservation of oxidative phosphorylation (near normal
      ADP/O ratio). These results are compatible with a block in electron transport, a
      theory which was further supported by the data obtained using dinitrophenol as an
      uncoupler. Additional studies suggested the block was located at site I in the
      electron transport chain since mitochondrial oxygen consumption, including ATP
      linked oxygen consumption, was enhanced by the use of succinate in combination
      with glutamate. The abnormal mitochondrial function observed is probably due to
      ischemia persisting despite reperfusion.

PMID- 1215641
TI  - Posthypoxia stimulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis in the isolated perfused
      rat heart.
AB  - To determine whether hypoxia per se could initiate myocardial ribonucleic acid
      (RNA) synthesis, isolated rat hearts were subjected to varying degrees of hypoxic
      perfusion in a modified Langendorff apparatus. Following a 30-min aerobic
      stabilization period the hearts were perfused for 30 min with media gassed with
      mixtures containing O:96% O2, 4% CO2, balance N2. Immediately following the
      stress period, the hearts were perfused for an additional 30 min with oxygenated
      media containing radiolabeled uridine, and the incorporation into RNA was
      determined. Exposure of hearts to 48% O2 resulted in a slight but nonsignificant
      increase in uridine incorporation. Reduction of perfusate oxygen to 24% caused a
      significant increase in label incorporation into RNA over that of the aerobic
      controls. Further reductions in oxygen tension resulted in concomitant increases
      in uridine incorporation, with the highest levels seen following 30 min of
      anoxia. Performance was not significantly different from that of controls during
      the aerobic labeling period. Exposure of hearts to brief (5 min) anoxic perfusion
      also resulted in significant increases in RNA synthesis during the posthypoxic
      perfusion period. It is concluded that intermittent hypoxia can initiate the
      biochemical mechanisms which result in increased myocardial RNA synthesis.

PMID- 1215643
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of infarcted myocardium.
AB  - The scanning electron microscope had been applied to the study of cellular
      alterations which are caused by myocardial ischemia. This instrument allows rapid
      tissue preparation and, while resolution is less than can be obtained with the
      transmission electron microscope, it provides a somewhat three-dimensional
      appearance of the cell's ultrastructure. The early alterations consist mainly of
      swelling of organelles, separation of fibrils, and clumping of nuclear chromatin.
      Within 5 hr disruption of the T-tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum occurs,
      nuclear distortion is frequent, and fibrillar destruction is commonly seen but is
      often focal. Extensive fibrillar alterations occur after 10 hr and become more
      exaggerated at 24 hr after the onset of ischemia. However, even after 24 hr many
      mitochondria and nuclei, though damaged, are recognizable. This study suggests
      that scanning electron microscopy may play a useful role in the study of
      pathological alterations at the ultrastructural level.

PMID- 1215644
TI  - Pressure versus flow stress: the response of cardiac protein synthesis.
AB  - Cardiac stress produced by hypertension or excess volume loading results in
      different types of hypertrophy. Elevated left ventricular pressure rapidly
      results in increased myocardial protein synthesis in vivo and in vitro, but such
      rapid alterations are not consistently seen in volume loading. The difference in
      response is difficult to clarify since it is not possible to effect alterations
      in left ventricular pressure or perfusion without profoundly affecting coronary
      perfusion. The present study describes cardiac protein synthesis in the right
      ventricle of the young guinea pig heart in vitro utilizing a perfusion model in
      which the right ventricle could be stressed by elevations of pressure or volume
      loading in the presence of constant and restricted coronary perfusion. With
      coronary flow maintained at 25 ml/min/g dry wt, an increase in right ventricular
      pressure from normal levels of 3 mm Hg to 11 mm Hg resulted in a 60% increase of
      myocardial incorporation of lysine-14 C into protein. However, with further
      increases of right ventricular pressure to 22 mm Hg, protein synthesis dropped
      back to normal levels. The fall-off in protein synthesis was not due to decreased
      contractility, alterations in intracellular lysine pool specific activity, or
      alterations in total coronary flow or pressure. A 60% increase in coronary
      perfusion was associated with a similar response of protein synthesis to
      progressive elevations of pressure. Since the ATP levels rose and lactate
      production fell, a deficiency of O2 did not entirely explain the decline of
      protein synthesis with maximal pressures. At all levels of coronary perfusion,
      volume loading for 3 hr did not result in increased protein incorporation of
      lysine-14 C. The studies indicate a relationship between ventricular pressure and
      protein synthesis unrelated to coronary flow per se and suggest a pressure
      receptor triggering protein synthesis within the ventricular wall. Such a
      relationship is not apparent in short term volume loading in vitro.

PMID- 1215645
TI  - Dose-relation of thyroxine-induced changes in myocardial energy stores.
AB  - Experimental hyperthyroidism was produced in guinea pigs by daily intraperitoneal
      injection of l-thyroxine (T4) in various doses (0.7, 0.35, 0.175, and 0.07
      mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Controls received solvent only. The following metabolites
      were determined in heart muscle (freeze-stop technique, enzymatic tests): Pi,
      adenosine tri-, di-, and monophosphates (ATP, ADP, AMP), creatine phosphate (CP),
      glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P), fructose diphosphate (FDP), pyruvate, and lactate.
      Thyroxine induced a dose-related decrease of CP and a corresponding increase of
      Pi even in the lowest dose used in this study (0.07 mg/kg) and became more
      pronounced with increased doses. No remarkable changes of adeninenucleotides
      (ATP, ADP, AMP) were observed. G-6-P and FDP levels were markedly elevated in all
      dosages. Besides other possible effects (thyroxine-induced activation and
      induction of enzymes) the dose-related decrease of CP and increase of Pi may be
      due to the increasing contractility. In the physiological and pathophysiological
      range of thyroxine doses (T4 less than 20 mug%) high energy phosphates stores are
      dose-related decreased but not to a critical level. In the toxic range heart
      failure as a consequence of a deficit of CP may occur.

PMID- 1215646
TI  - Myocardial mechanics and oxygen consumption in experimental hyperthyroidism.
AB  - Myocardial mechanics and oxygen consumption were studied in right ventricular
      papillary muscles taken from cats (N = 15), pretreated with cristaline L
      thyroxine (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.) 8-18 days prior to the examination. Isotonic
      afterload and isometric contractions were employed. Oxygen consumption was
      determined polarographically. Data obtained were compared with control studies on
      papillary muscles taken from euthyroid cats (N = 15). In isotonic afterloaded
      contractions the extent of shortening was nearly identical in both groups.
      However, maximal rate of isometric tension development and velocity of isotonic
      shortening were considerably increased in hyperthyroid myocardium (by 48 and 42%,
      respectively). Myocardial oxygen consumption was significantly increased in
      hyperthyroidism (by 47%), primarily because of an increased maximal rate of
      isometric tension development and-to a small extent-increased isotonic
      contraction velocity.

PMID- 1215647
TI  - Dietary control of cardiac lysosomal enzyme activities.
AB  - Prolonged starvation in rats is accompanied by consistent increases in the total
      cardiac activity and the nonsedimentable activity of cathepsin D, the major
      detectable lysosomal acid proteinase in the heart. Fluorescent staining of rabbit
      hearts with specific anticathepsin D antiserum reveals that the increase occured
      predominantly in myocytes, but increased formation of autophagic vacuoles cannot
      be demonstrated in the myocardial cells by electron microscopy. No changes in
      cathepsin D occur in animals fed pure carbohydrate or pure fat diets for similar
      periods, indicating that it is caloric deficiency and not dietary protein
      deficiency that alters catheptic activity. At the same time that cardiac
      cathepsin D activity increases markedly, acid phosphatase increases slightly, and
      the activity of beta-acetyl-glucosaminidase is significantly lower than in hearts
      of fed rats. The data are compatible with the hypothesis that increased activity
      of lysosomal acid proteinase may contribute to the net protein catabolism and
      cardiac atrophy that accompany starvation, especially late in the period of food
      deprivation. A generalized activation of all lysosomal enzymes does not occur
      with starvation, however, and the activities of some lysosomal enzymes in the
      heart decrease.

PMID- 1215648
TI  - Carciac muscle cytoplasmic and nuclear development during canine neonatal growth.
AB  - Morphological aspects of cardiac myocytes during neonatal growth were studied in
      isolated cell preparations from 23 dog hearts (newborn to 38 weeks old).
      Additional hearts were perfused with glutaraldehyde for electron microscopic
      study. At least 200 isolated cells in stained smears of each ventricle were
      examined for nuclear number, and at least 25 cells were measured with an eyepiece
      micrometer to calculate cell volume. At birth, 96-100% of myocytes contained a
      single nucleus. By 2 weeks, 15% of cells contained two to four nuclei; multiple
      nuclei were present in 55% of myocytes at 4 weeks, in 85% at 6-10 weeks, and in
      55-60% at 15, 28, and 38 weeks. Although left ventricular weight increased
      lenearly from birth, there was no increase in single nucleated cell size until 4
      6 weeks, indicating cellular hyperplasia; by 38 weeks single nucleated cells were
      9 times the volume at birth. Double nucleated cells steadily increased in size,
      reaching a volume at 38 weeks 19 times that of newborn myocytes. At birth,
      myocytes were small and spindle-shaped; intercalated discs were poorly developed,
      but lateral connections between cells were common. As the cells increased in
      size, the lateral attachment areas appeared to move to the cell ends to form the
      intercalated discs. Myofibrils appeared to be assembled at the lateral
      connections and at the intercalated discs. Hyperplasia is the prevalent means of
      cell growth at birth in the dog and is gradually replaced by cell hypertrophy
      from 2 to 6 weeks of age. Double nucleated cells occur in hypertrophying cells by
      karyokinesis without subsequent cytokinesis, perhaps in response to the intense
      protein synthetic demands of normal growth.

PMID- 1215649
TI  - Social group work as a treatment modality for hospitalized people with rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 1215650
TI  - Toward a social skills curriculum for developmentally disabled clients in
      vocational settings.

PMID- 1215651
TI  - The interdisciplinary team in cardiac rehabilitation.

PMID- 1215652
TI  - A home guide of arts and activities for preschool hearing-impaired children and
      others.

PMID- 1215653
TI  - Duration of antinociceptive action of morphine, methadone and alpha-l
      acetylmethadol subcutaneously in rats.
AB  - The duration of antinociceptive action of alpha-l-acetylmethadol (LAM),
      determined in the rat tail pinch test, was 6 times that of morphine and 3 times
      that of methadone. Onset of activity was considerably later after LAM than after
      morphine or methadone.

PMID- 1215655
TI  - Definitive characterization of the para-hydroxyphenyl metabolite of glutethimide
      in human urine.
AB  - The compound, 2-ethyl-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-glutarimide was prepared synthetically.
      Spectral data is presented which identifies this compound to be a metabolite of
      glutethimide isolated from enzymatically hydrolyzed human urine, following an
      overdose of the parent drug. New data supporting the structure of a minor
      metabolite, 2-ethyl-2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy)-glutarimide, is considered. Finally,
      gas chromatographic techniques have been perfected and are presented which yield
      complete purification of new metabolites of glutethimide.

PMID- 1215656
TI  - The role of adrenal catecholamines in the release of corticosterone and fatty
      acids by nicotine in the rat.
AB  - Subcutaneous injection of 0.4 mg/kg nicotine to rats caused an increase in the
      plasma levels of corticosterone and free fatty acids. Similar rises occur when
      the same animals were stressed by placing them on an elevated platform. Bilateral
      adrenal demedullation abolished the response of both corticosterone and free
      fatty acids to nicotine. Stress, however, still resulted in a significant
      elevation of plasma corticosterone whereas fatty acid levels were only marginally
      affected. It is suggested that the principal effect of nicotine is mediated via
      adrenal release of catecholamines and that centrally mediated stimulation is not
      significant.

PMID- 1215654
TI  - Differential effects of alphaMT on anorectic and stimulatory action of
      amphetamines.
AB  - Pretreatment of rats with a dosage regimen of alphaMT that has no effect on the
      anorectic action of a single dose of 2 mg/kg of d-amphetamine or methamphetamine
      causes a marked reduction in the rate of continuous avoidance responding evoked
      by that same dose. Similar pretreatment followed by a dose of 8.0 mg/kg of
      benzphetamine was without effect on the drug's action on both systems.

PMID- 1215657
TI  - Pharmacology and toxicology of chaconine and tomatine.
AB  - The pharmacological responses produced by alpha chaconine and tomatine on guinea
      pig ileum, on the isolated electrically stimulated frog ventricle, and recordings
      of EEG, ECG, respiration and blood pressure in the rabbit showed no essential
      differences from those produced by alpha solanine. The LD50 values of chaconine
      and solanine in the mouse and rabbit are also similar and suggest that compounds
      other than these are probably responsible for the predominant toxic effects of
      certain hybrid potatoes in man and animals. The failure of the three
      glycoalkaloids to produce a significant teratological effect in the chick embryo
      lends no support to the hypothesis that they may be the teratogens responsible
      for certain congenital malformations in man.

PMID- 1215658
TI  - The effect of dieldrin-contaminated feed on rat hepatic microsomal epoxide
      hydrase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase.
AB  - Adult male rats were exposed to dieldrin-contaminated rations. The hydroxylation
      of benzpyrene (AHH) and hydration of styrene oxide (EH) by the hepatic microsomal
      fraction were followed. At dieldrin levels of 5 to 25 ppm for one week, the EH
      activity increased from 19% to 115% above control levels respectively. Animals
      exposed to 25 ppm developed elevated EH activities after a few days, with a
      maximum increase of 2.5 times control levels after two weeks. AHH activity was
      not elevated over control levels at any dose or time studied. Slight but
      significant increases in levels of cytochrome P-450 were observed. Pentobartibal
      sleeping time was decreased to 61% of control levels after exposure to 20 ppm
      dieldrin-contaminated food for 7 days. Two days of intraperitoneal administration
      of technical grade dieldrin, analytical grade dieldrin and analytical grade
      aldrin gave similar increases in EH activity within this group. Again, no changes
      in AHH activity were seen.

PMID- 1215659
TI  - P-Chloro-N-methylaniline demethylation by rat kidney subcellular fractions.
AB  - Subcellular fractions prepared from kidney homogenates catalyzed the
      demethylation of p-chloro-N-methylaniline (PCMA). The activity of the renal
      preparations were forty-one percent of the liver 9,000 xg supernatant fraction
      activity. A differential susceptibility to the addition of carbon monoxide, p
      chloromercuribenzoate or the omission of NADPH and magnesium characterized the
      two preparations. Comparison of the Lineweaver-Burk plots of the PCMA
      demthylation activities indicated that the maximal velocities and the apparent
      Michaelis constants (Km) of the two preparations differed. The apparent Km of the
      renal enzyme was approximately two fold greater than that of the liver. The PCMA
      demethylation activity of renal preparations is distributed between the cytosol
      and microsomal subcellular fractions. The results suggest the presence of tissue
      related differences between renal and hepatic enzymes which catalyze the
      demethylation of PCMA.

PMID- 1215660
TI  - Ribosomal proteins synthesis in the fetal and neonatal rat brain as influenced by
      maternal ethanol consumption.
AB  - Effects of long-term ethanol consumption by pregnant rats have been investigated
      on the protein synthesis by fetal and neonatal brain ribosomes. Chronic ethanol
      feeding to pregnant rats resulted in about 30% decrease in the rate of 14C
      leucine incorporation by the fetal cerebral ribosomes. The rate of 14C-leucine
      incorporation by the cerebral ribosomes from neonatal rats suckling on ethanol
      fed mothers showed about 60% decrease as compared to the corresponding control
      group. The brains from both fetuses and neonates of the ethanol-fed group showed
      a decrease in the amount of t-RNA formed compared to the corresponding controls.
      The highest rates of 14C-leucine incorporation into ribosomal protein were
      observed by ribosomes from neonate brains. The ribosomes from fetal brains showed
      the highest sensitivity to the in vitro addition of ethanol. Pretreatment with
      cycloheximide significantly inhibited the rate of 14C-leucine incorporation into
      the ribosomal protein. The cerebral content of both total RNA and DNA was
      significantly lower in the brains of developing neonates suckling on ethanol-fed
      mothers compared to the corresponding controls.

PMID- 1215662
TI  - Cardiac glycoside effects on rat and guinea pig phospholipids.
AB  - The phospholipid content of adrenal glands, heart, intestinal mucosa, kidney,
      liver, pancreas, plasma, skeletal muscle, and spleen was compared in adult male
      rats and guinea pigs after intraperitoneal injection of 0.15 M NaCl (saline), 40%
      propylene glycol-10% ethanol (vehicle), or digoxin (rats 1 mg/kg; guinea pigs 0.1
      mg/kg). In control (untreated) rats and guinea pigs total phospholipid
      phosphorous was twice as high in cardiac muscle as in skeletal muscle (800 vs.
      400 mug/g tissue); lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) values were similar in the two
      tissues (24 vs. 21 mug/g) in guinea pig; 11 vs. 15 mug/g in rat). Comparative
      phospholipid values between the two animals were similar in all tissues except
      adrenal glands (rat approximately 1200 mug/g; guinea pig approximately 1900
      mug/g) and plasma (rat approximately 32 mug/ml; guinea pig approximately 11
      mug/ml). In digoxin treated compared to control rats no differences between
      individual phosphatides were noted in any of the tissues examined whereas in
      guinea pigs the same comparison revealed differences in 8 instances, 4 of which
      were in LPC. Phospholipid levels in both species changed as a result of saline
      and vehicle injection.

PMID- 1215661
TI  - The effect of swimming exercise of rat myocardial ornithine decarboxylase
      activity.
AB  - Within 30 minutes of swimming exercise there was an increase in myocardial
      ornithine decarboxylase activity. The activity continued to increase throughout
      the two hour period of exercise, after which it decreased again. Two hours after
      exercise, the enzyme activity had returned to the resting level, and four hours
      after exercise myocardial ornithine decarboxylase activity was slightly less than
      the resting level. Repeated daily exercise was associated with a diminished
      response on the second and third days. Subsequently however, myocardial ornithine
      decarboxylase activity was again stimulated by two hours of swimming exercise.

PMID- 1215663
TI  - Effect of radio-thyroidectomy and thyroid hormone replacement therapy on cardiac
      protein kinase activity and ATP hydrolysis.
AB  - The regulatory effect of thyroid hormone on cardiac protein kinase activity and
      ATP hydrolysis was studied in developing rats. Experimental hypothyroidism
      induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 200 muCi of 131I led to a
      significant impairment of body and heart growth and elevated the activity of
      membrane-bound protein kinase (measured in the absence of cyclic AMP). However, a
      slight (11%) but statistically non-significant decrease was observed in soluble
      protein kinase activity in hearts of hypothyroid rats. Furthermore, thyroid
      deficiency produced in neonatal life significantly decreased (34%) the rate of
      cardiac ATP hydrolysis. Treatment of thyroidectomized animals with L
      triiodothyronine initiated early in life produced a time-dependent increase in
      heart weight as well as the activity of soluble protein kinase and the rate of
      ATP hydrolysis in cardiac tissue. Maximal rise in these parameters was observed
      in hypothyroid rats receiving L-triiodothyronine treatment for 24 days beginning
      from 7 days after radioiodine injection. These animals also showed a marked
      cardiac hypertrophy. In contrast, replacement therapy with L-triiodothyronine
      produced a decrease in the activity of the membrane-bound protein kinase, which
      seemed to be inversely proportional to the duration of L-triiodothyronine
      treatment. Our data provide evidence suggesting that thyroid hormone plays an
      important role in controlling ATP turnover in hearts of developing rats.

PMID- 1215664
TI  - L-Thyroxine and monoamine oxidase activity in the kidney and some other organs of
      the rat.
AB  - L-Thyroxine (T4) (10,30 and 300 mug/kg. S.C. for 5 days) increased kidney
      monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and decreased that of the liver, using
      tryptamine as the substrate. These changes were dose-dependent. Time-dependent
      changes were found with the 30 mug/kg dose. Heart MAO activity was increased by
      the high dose while small decreases were found with the lower doses. No changes
      were found in the whole brain, vasa deferentia, the thyroid or adrenal glands.
      Hypophysectomized rats showed a 50% reduction in kidney MAO which was fully
      restored following T4 (10 mug/kg/day) treatment. Evidence was obtained that both
      T4 and L-triiodothyronine can activate the deaminating activity of MAO in vitro.
      Thus, T4 and/or its metabolites may play a physiological role in the maintenance
      of kidney MAO activity. The mechanism(s) whereby T4 and/or its metabolites alter
      kidney MAO activity is not resolved but direct effects upon the various forms of
      MAO and/or influences upon regulating substances seems likely to be involved.

PMID- 1215665
TI  - A possible role of the kidney in activating a renin preinhibitor.
AB  - In order to verify the possibility than human plasma and kidney can activate a
      renin preinhibitor (Phospholipid) into inhibitor (lysophospholipid), constant
      quantities of preinhibitor were added to plasma and kidney homogenate. Addition
      of preinhibitor to plasma did not modify the quantity of Angiotensin I that
      developed. On the other hand, addition of preinhibitor to crude kidney
      homogenate, followed by incubation with human angiotensinogen, caused a
      significant fall in the quantity of Angiotensin I generated. While plasma is
      deficient in the specific enzyme delegated to the transformation of preinhibitor
      into inhibitor, it appears that this enzyme is present in the kidney.

PMID- 1215666
TI  - [Comparative studies in blood, bile and urine to the biliary excretion and
      multicompartmental analysis of glycocholic acid in the unanaesthezized pig
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A new model for experimental research in pigs is reported. It allows comparative
      analyses in blood, bile and urine in the unanaesthetized pig. Preliminary results
      to the physiology of biliary excretion and multicompartmental analysis of
      conjugated bile acids emphasize the applicability of the experimental model. On
      the basis of these results it is pointed out, that it is possible to analize the
      distribution and excretion kinetics of conjugated bile acids, namely C14
      glycocholic acid, by a 3-compartmental analysis.

PMID- 1215667
TI  - Daily fluctuation of lithogenicity in bile in the postoperative period in
      cholecystectomized patients.
AB  - The lithogenicity of bile samples taken over 14 hrs from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. on two
      consecutive days at 4-5 hrs intervals has been measured in 7 freshly
      colecystectomized patients on the 7th to 9th postoperative days. The values have
      also been estimated additionally in 4 patients 1 and 2 hrs after meal intake. It
      was found that the lithogenicindex is higher at 16 and 21 hrs than at 7 and 11
      hrs. The lithogenicity began to increase 2 hrs after lunch. The observed
      difference between our results and those of other authors could be due either to
      the changed enterohepatic circulation before the begin of our study or to the
      different types of populations studied.

PMID- 1215669
TI  - [Cholestyramine for stress ulcer prophylaxis (author's transl)].
AB  - In rats the prophylactic effect of cholestyramine on the restraint stress ulcer
      formation was studied. After 9 hours of immobilisation animals, which were
      treated intragastrally with 0,3 g/kg cholestyramine, had only the fifth part of
      the ulcers of the controls, treated with Ringer solution. That demonstrated a
      very high effectivity of cholestyramine in the prevention of stress ulcers. The
      pathogenetic role of the bile for stress ulcer formation is as well discussed as
      the efficacy of cholestyramine. A clinical use for stress ulcer prophylaxis has
      to be considered.

PMID- 1215668
TI  - [Alteration in the serological detection of transplantation antigens of the dog
      due to brain ischemia and anesthesia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215671
TI  - [Renal changes by treatment with azatioprine (author's transl)].
AB  - Results of three months' treatment of 10 glomerulonephritic, 10 normal guinea
      pigs and of 10 normal rats with imurek (20 mg/kg/day) were as follows: 1. The
      morphological picture of glomerulonephritis was demonstrable even three months
      after treatment with imurek. 2. Predominant glomerular changes were demonstrated
      in both of guinea pigs and rats after treatment with imurek. These changes
      consisted of mesangial activation, focal glomerular necrosis and deposits of an
      amorphous clumped material in the mesangium. 3. In some animals, streptococci and
      staphylococci could be cultivated from the blood of the vena renalis and from the
      renal surface. The results of the present study indicates that treatment of
      glomerulonephritis with immunosuppressiva is not always effective. It is probable
      that morphological deteriorations may be caused by a direct effect of the
      immunosuppressiva on the renal structure.

PMID- 1215670
TI  - [Mechanisms of bile secretion in mini-pigs (author's transl)].
AB  - The mechanisms of bile excretion are investigated in 27 experiments in 21 mini
      pigs. The results confirm the known three fractions of bile flow for mini-pigs,
      too: a canalicular bile acid dependent, a canalicular bile acid independent and a
      ductular bile acid independent bile flow. These different fractions of bile flow
      may be stimulated either by taurocholate, by phenobarbital and ioglycamide or by
      secretin and pancreozymin. The total bile acid pool amounts 4,4 mMol.
      Measurements of its distribution over the gallbladder and the enterohepatic
      circulation after fasting for 18-24 hours emphasize the importance of the
      gallbladder resp. the fasting as factors that may be responsible for the
      secretion of lithogenic bile.

PMID- 1215672
TI  - Plasma levels following administration of sodium meclofenamate by various routes.
AB  - Sodium meclofenamate, an anti-inflammatory and anti-anaphylactic agent, was
      administered to cattle intravenously, orally and by intraruminal injection.
      Plasma levels of the free drug were estimated fluorimetrically at intervals after
      administration by each route. Levels fell rapidly, particularly during the first
      hour after intravenous injection. Differences between those plasma levels
      resulting from oral administration and those following intraruminal injection
      indicated that direct passage into the abomasum was achieved by the former
      method. Simultaneous intravenous and intrauminal injections achieved immediate
      high plasma levels and maintained levels adequate for efficacy for 24 h.

PMID- 1215673
TI  - Effects of various induced local environmental conditions and histopathological
      studies in experimental Dermatophilus congolensis infection on the bovine skin.
AB  - Although localised to the site of inoculation, experimental cutaneous
      streptothricosis was readily produced on scarified and/or defatted bovine skin
      infected with nutrient broth cultures of Dermatophilus congolensis. There was no
      difference in the extent and duration of lesions produced by either method. D
      congolensis failed to infect intact normal skin. Simulated rainfall and insect
      bite did not effect spread and production of generalized streptothricosis. On the
      other hand, localised experimental lesions regressed more rapidly when subjected
      to simulated rainfall. The histopathological changes were characterised by
      invasion of hair follicles by the germinating hyphae and mycelia of D
      gongolensis, accumulation of neutrophilic exudate beneath the infected epidermis,
      migration of some neutrophils through the epidermis resulting in intra-epidermal
      microabscess formation and regeneration of new epidermis from follicular sheath
      epithelium.

PMID- 1215674
TI  - The effect of environment on sebum output and composition in cattle.
AB  - In an investigation into the effect of short-term exposure to different
      temperatures and humidities on the sebaceous glands of Ayrshire calves it was
      concluded that temperature had no appreciable effect on sebum output or its fatty
      acid composition. At a low humidity, however, the cutaneous outputs of palmitic
      and myristic acids were higher. On prolonged exposure to a warm environment, a
      higher output of sebum occurred together with an increase in the percentage of
      linoleic acid in the sebum.

PMID- 1215675
TI  - Oxygen affinity responses to 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, and methaemoglobin formation
      in horse and human haemoglobins.
AB  - The oxygen affinities of horse and human haemoglobins were compared in the
      absence and presence of the allosteric effector 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG).
      Horse haemoglobin solutions showed significantly smaller responses to the
      presence of 2,3-DPG, and this difference may be due to different amino acid
      substitutions at position NA2(2)beta. Horse haemoglobin solutions from
      erythrocytes containing different ratios of the two different haemoglobin types
      showed similar oxygen affinities in the absence and presence of 2,3-DPG. Horse
      haemoglobins in solution were found to autoxidise to methaemoglobin much more
      readily than human haemoglobin under the same conditions, and this is an
      important consideration when measuring the oxygen affinity of horse haemoglobin
      solutions. This difference could be due to different amino acid residues at
      position NA2(2)beta.

PMID- 1215676
TI  - Epidemiological studies on Nematodirus species in sheep.
AB  - Faecal egg count and pasture larval studies on N battus and N filicollis in lambs
      showed distinct differences in epidemiology, the infective larvae of N battus
      hatching over a short restricted period in spring, whereas those of N filicollis
      show an extended period of hatching, beginning in autumn and increasing steadily
      through the winter to reach a spring peak. This difference was considered to be
      responsible for the much slower annual rate of increase recorded for N
      filicollis. Pasture infection with both species survived ploughing and reseeding,
      though in very small numbers, and one year's rest from sheep by alternate grazing
      with cattle proved equally effective in reducing the carryover of infection, and
      offered a practical method of controlling these species.

PMID- 1215677
TI  - Spontaneous and experimental aflatoxicosis in goats.
AB  - Naturally occurring aflatoxicosis is described in goats fed a concentrate mixture
      containing polkudu meal (defatted residue from grated coconut after juice
      extraction). Toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus were present in the
      concentrate and aflatoxins were recovered from the liver and urine of affected
      animals. Hepatic lesions in poisoned goats consisted of bile duct hyperplasia and
      periportal fibrosis; renal lesions included necrosis of tubular epithelial cells
      and proteinaceous exudation in the glomerular space. Similar lesions were
      produced experimentally in goats with aflatoxin and the coconut cultures of A
      flavus. High doses of aflatoxin B1 produced, in addition, hepatic centrilobular
      congestion, haemorrhage and periportal fatty change.

PMID- 1215678
TI  - Resistance in cattle to Fasciola hepatica induced by gamma-ray attenuated larvae:
      results from a controlled field trial.
AB  - A significant resistance to natural infection in the field was obtained in calves
      inoculated with metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica attenuated at a gamma
      irradiation level of 3 Krad. The mean fluke burden of vaccinated calves was 29
      per cent of that of the controls. The resistance was reflected not only in
      reduced parasite burdens and low faecal egg counts, but also in the stability of
      gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase levels of the vaccinated calves compared with non
      vaccinated controls. The gamma-ray dose of 3 Krad did not prevent a small
      proportion of the irradiated larvae reaching and maturing in the bile ducts.

PMID- 1215679
TI  - The effect of dietary dilution on the intestinal anatomy of the Japanese quail
      (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
AB  - There was an increase in the length of the small intestine, caeca and colon when
      Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)were fed on a diet diluted with fibre.
      No differences were found in the length of the villi and the thicknesses of the
      submucosal layers throught the large and most of the small intestine between
      birds fed on the normal diet compared with those fed on the diluted diet. The
      birds fed on the normal diet appeared to have more mucous goblet cells and lymph
      nodes in the caeca than those fed on the diluted diet.

PMID- 1215680
TI  - Enhancement of in vitro phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureas by
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes.
AB  - Polymorphs collected from ewes which had been infected with live staphylococci
      and immunised with a killed staphylococcal vacccine, had significantly enhanced
      capacity for phagocytosis of staphylococci compared with polymorphs from ewes
      which received only a killed vaccine. The numbers of viable bacteria were greatly
      reduced when blood serum or whey were incorporated in incubation mixtures
      compared to incubation mixtures containing only polymorphs and staphylococci.
      When serum was used in the incubation mixtures, the numbers of staphylococci
      which survived were significantly less than when colostral or milk whey was used.
      No significant  difference was observed between whey collected from locally
      immunised mammary glands and that from non-immunised glands within each group.

PMID- 1215681
TI  - The population dynamics of nematode parasites of sheep in northern England.
AB  - An investigation into the population dynamics of sheep nematodes was carried out
      between April 1970 and September 1971. Faecal egg counts were made from both ewes
      and lambs at weeks intervals while grass samples were taken fortnightly
      throughout the summer and monthly during the winter. From these results absolute
      numbers of nematode eggs and infective larvae were estimated and these figures
      used as a basis for determining the level of mortality occurring during
      development from egg to infective larva. The figures were also used to assess the
      relative importance of the ewe 'spring rise' and the egg output of the lambs in
      June while grazing contaminated pasture. These calculations suggest that larval
      mortality was very high and that it may vary considerably from year to year
      depending upon the climatic conditions prevailing. There was also an indication
      that the ewe 'spring rise' was the major source of the wave of infection which
      occurs in the lambs in late August and September.

PMID- 1215682
TI  - Genetic factors in the maturation of the canine intervertebral disc.
AB  - The composition and structure of the intervertebral discs have been studied in a
      group of six four-month-old beagles which were full or half-siblings. The animals
      were raised in identical environment and were comparable weight and size at
      sacrifice. Collagen, hexosamine, uronic acid, sialic acid and non-collagenous
      protein analysis (via indirect method) were performed on the nucleus pulposus
      (NP), transitional zone (TZ) and a annulus fibrosus (AF) of the discs for the
      lumbo-sacral, lumbar and thoracic spinal levels. Parallel histochemical and
      morphological examinations of the discs were also performed. The knee joint
      meniscus, and articular cartilage was also examined for the components described.
      The results of the analysis for the discs revealed that within this single age
      group there co-exist two statistically different compositional states. These
      differences reside largely in the NP and TZ regions and from the analytical
      values are interpreted as indicating the chondroid and non-chondroid conditions.
      No such compositional variation was observed for articular cartilage and
      fibrocartilage (knee joint menisci).

PMID- 1215683
TI  - Fatty haemorrhagic liver syndrome in laying hens on diets supplemented with
      rapeseed products.
AB  - Livers of laying hens of Hy-Line No 934E on low erucic acid rapeseed meals and
      rapeseed oil were studied. Gross lesions in the livers of hens on experimental
      diets were moderate to severe fatty degeneration, focal necrosis and moderate to
      severe haemorrhage. Histological examination revealed oedematous foci and lysis
      of hepatocytes along with large amounts of lipid droplets in the necrotic
      lesions. Necrotic lesions were not always associated with large haemorrhages.
      Connective tissue infiltration of older degenerative and haemorrhagic lesions was
      not extensive. Abdominal haemorrhage from livers occurred when extensive necrosis
      in the form of hepatocyte lysis and some vascular changes were present,
      suggesting hepatocytic degeneration caused by toxic products or their metabolites
      present in rapeseed by-products.

PMID- 1215684
TI  - The relationship of maxillary cheek tooth development to age in young Friesian
      cattle.
AB  - Radiographs were taken of both the right and left sets of maxillary teeth in 23
      Friesian cattle of known age. The stage of development of each permanent tooth
      was ascertained and the degree of root resorption in the deciduous premolars was
      noted. All stages in individuals were later than for those of the mandibular
      cheek teeth except in the case of the first permanent premolar. As with
      mandibular cheek tooth development stages of formation occurred within certain
      age limits.

PMID- 1215686
TI  - The absorption of magnesium from the forestomachs, stomach and small intestine of
      sheep.
AB  - The passage of magnesium from the mouth to the proximal duodenum and from the
      proximal duodenum to the terminal ileum was measured continuously in two rams for
      24 and 19 days. The results indicate a net disappearance of 25 per cent and 34
      per cent of ingested magnesium from the forestomachs and stomach, and no set
      absorption from the small intestine.

PMID- 1215685
TI  - Laboratory investigations on pigs with the new anthelmintic fenbendazole.
AB  - The efficacy of fenbendazole was investigated in piglets infected artificially
      with Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum spp. After administration of 3.5
      mg/kg, five-day-old stages of H rubidus were reduced by 72.5 per cent; an effect
      of 78.4 per cent, 96.0 per cent and 100 per cent was achieved against five-day
      old, 16-day-old and 42-day-old stages, respectively, of H rubidus using a dose of
      5 mg/kg. A 55 per cent effect was obtained against five-day-old stages after the
      administration of 3.5 mg/kg. A dose of 5 mg/kg reduced five-day-old, 16-day-old
      and 42-day-old stages of Oesophagotomum spp by 72.6 per cent, 44 per cent and 100
      per cent respectively.

PMID- 1215687
TI  - Preservation of Cowdria ruminantium at low termperatures.
AB  - A Nigerian isolate of Cowdria ruminantium was rapidly frozen with or without 10
      per cent dimethyl sulphoxide at -85 degrees C and -196 degrees C. All animals
      inoculated with the frozen stabilates died of heartwater fever.

PMID- 1215689
TI  - Attempted infection of sheep with Echinococcus granulosus equinus.
AB  - No evidence of hydatid infection was detected at post mortem examination of sheep
      which had been inoculated intraperitoneally, four to 11 months previously with
      protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus equinus.

PMID- 1215688
TI  - Efficacy trials in turkey poults with tylosin tartrate against Mycoplasma
      gallisepticum and Mycoplasma meleagridis.
AB  - Tylosin tartrate, administered in the drinking water at a concentration of 0.55
      g/litre for the first three days after hatching, was highly effective in
      controlling the adverse consequences of a Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection,
      established by air sac injection at one day of age, in turkey poults. Tylosin was
      ineffective in controlling M meleagridis infections established in embryo or at
      one day of age when administered in the drinking water of poults. Both mycoplasma
      isolates used were inhibited in vitro by a tylosin concentration of 0.1 mug/ml.

PMID- 1215690
TI  - Organ weights in the dog.
AB  - The masses of the major organs in eight large dogs, mostly of alsatian type,
      which had been subjected to about 8 h anaesthesia and surgery, were determined by
      post mortem weighing. The organ masses as percentage of the total body mass (29.6
      +/- 6.0 kg, mean +/- sd) were: brain 0.28 +/- 0.05, gut 2.61 +/- 0.49, heart 0.73
      +/- 0.04, kidneys 0.40 +/- 0.07, liver 2.36 +/- 0.38.

PMID- 1215691
TI  - The life span of glutathione-deficient red cells in Tasmanian Merino sheep.
AB  - 59FeCl3 was used to measure red cell life span in GSH-low type sheep to the
      Tasmanian Merino breed, whose GSH deficiency is due to a diminished activity of
      gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase. The 59Fe survival slopes fell within normal
      limits, indicating that red cells with this type of GSH deficiency do not have a
      shortened life span.

PMID- 1215693
TI  - [Increased incidence of cholelithiasis in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215692
TI  - D-amphetamine effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis.

PMID- 1215694
TI  - [Longitudinal study on the frequency of structural chromosome abnormalities in
      twenty normal subjects (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215696
TI  - [Lower lip and cleft lip with "pits" (Van der Woude syndrome). Study in a family
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215695
TI  - [Primary malignant neoplasms of the duodenum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1215697
TI  - [Metabolic consequences of dysfunction of the terminal ileum].

PMID- 1215698
TI  - Early (15 ms) and late (100 ms) acoustic responses in patients suffering from
      otosclerosis, before and after stapedectomies.

PMID- 1215699
TI  - Early (12-16 ms) responses evoked by tones and clicks.

PMID- 1215700
TI  - The crossed acoustic response.

PMID- 1215701
TI  - [Influence of hypometabolic state due to hypothyroidism on the latency period in
      ERA responses].

PMID- 1215702
TI  - Comparison between conventional audiometry and ERA of deaf children in a serial
      test.

PMID- 1215704
TI  - Threshold extrapolation for N1-latencies in auditory evoked responses.

PMID- 1215703
TI  - The value of ERA in recruitment determination.

PMID- 1215705
TI  - The study of nonspecific evoked cerebral potential in deaf children rehabilitated
      by the verbo-tonal method.

PMID- 1215706
TI  - Analysis of the interference of inflows as evoked by auditory, somatosensory and
      visual stimuli.

PMID- 1215707
TI  - Study of the CNV audiometry method.

PMID- 1215708
TI  - The influence of sedation on the evoked potentials, their identification in
      routine ERA.

PMID- 1215709
TI  - Effects of secobarbital on the early components of the auditory evoked
      potentials.

PMID- 1215710
TI  - Effects of secobarbital on the late components of the auditory evoked potentials.

PMID- 1215711
TI  - Clinical experiences with althesin sedation for ERA.

PMID- 1215712
TI  - Recovery process of the slow auditory response following head injury.

PMID- 1215713
TI  - Perseveration in aphasia as demonstrated by LERA?

PMID- 1215714
TI  - [Tolerance tests in the practical application of the hearing aid].

PMID- 1215715
TI  - [Gesture and language. Rhythm and motion].

PMID- 1215716
TI  - [Analysis of a group of deaf children in a psychorhythmic framework at the
      C.E.O.P].

PMID- 1215717
TI  - [Development and limits of contraception].

PMID- 1215718
TI  - [Experiences with the copper intra-uterine device].

PMID- 1215719
TI  - [20 questions aporopos of trimestrial injection of depot contraceptives].

PMID- 1215720
TI  - [Endometrial effects of estro-progestative contraceptives at different dosages].

PMID- 1215721
TI  - [New aspects of contraception in adolescents].

PMID- 1215722
TI  - [Evolution of viral diseases of the central nervous system].

PMID- 1215723
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 1215724
TI  - [Role of the frontal lobes in language. (A neuropsychological and experimental
      study)].
AB  - An experimental study carried out on 30 patients suffering from localised frontal
      lesions (16 left, 9 right, 5 bilateral lesions) using a battery of twenty tests
      (17 language tests and 3 visuo-spatial tests) showed: 1) frontal lesions disturb
      verbal control; 2) these disturbances seem to be proportionate to the extent of
      the lesion, that is, the area of the frontal lobe put out of action. As a result,
      there is a diversity of conditions ranging from quasi mutism in the extensive
      lesions, to an impossibility of producing accurate propositional and appropriate
      language indicating shades of meaning, in limited lesions; 3) the most frequently
      encountered disorder is characterised by an elementary level of language being
      well preserved but with difficulty of even impossibility in producing complex
      propositional language. This disorder, already obvious in spontaneous language,
      can be easily shown by means of appropriate verbal tests. 4) It seems to us of
      the utmost importance to emphasize that this syndrome appears irrespective of the
      side affected by the lesion. In fact, we have found that in 10 of the tests
      involved in our study which do in fact require replies which are appropriate to
      situations of a certain degree of complexity, similar failures were recorded for
      left frontal lesions (10 cases) and for right frontal lesions (11 cases). These
      findings prove that both the frontal lobes have a part to play in the exercise of
      verbal control. 5) It should however be emphasized that, in our group, the most
      serious deterioration in language was observed in left or bilateral frontal
      lesions. The same characteristics were found in these cases: elementary language
      better than propositional language but the level of achievement possible was very
      low being limited to brief replies which gave little information although they
      were usually correct. These findings justify the conclusion that a syndrome
      exists: disturbances in verbal control caused by frontal lesions. The function of
      the frontal lobes in language and verbal control in normal subjects is discussed.

PMID- 1215725
TI  - [Painful, alternating and recurrent ophthalmoplegia. Contribution to the study of
      Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].
AB  - A case of the syndrome of Tolosa-Hunt is presented in which the points of
      interest were the high number of attacks (four in two years and half) and the
      varying side of the symptoms with an involvement of the left sixth cranial nerve
      during the first, third and fourth attacks, and of the right third cranial nerve
      during the second attack. The trigeminal pain was always on the same side as the
      ophthalmoplegia. Bilateral carotid and vertebral angiography, orbital
      phlebography and air encephalography did not reveal anomalies. The sedimentation
      rate was moderately high during each attack. Corticotherapy begun during the last
      attack was very effective against the pain, but less so against the paralysis.
      The authors review the literature concerning this rare syndrome, the cause of
      which is thought to be an inflammatory process involving the cavernous sinuses.

PMID- 1215726
TI  - [Dermoid cyst of the orbit].

PMID- 1215727
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of ocular pigmentation due to phenothiazines].

PMID- 1215728
TI  - [Labyrintho-facial syndrome and tuberculous otitis. A propos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1215729
TI  - [Carotido-cavernous fistulas. Angiographic aspects. Therapeutic problems].

PMID- 1215730
TI  - [Wegener's disease with revealing oto-neuro-ophthalmological manifestations].

PMID- 1215731
TI  - [Leber's disease. Anomalies of the cerebrospinal fluid circulation in the course
      of cases with late manifestations].

PMID- 1215732
TI  - [Papillary edema and empty sella turcica].

PMID- 1215734
TI  - [Hypophyseal adenoma with complex visual hallucinations. Considerations on the
      hallucinatory phenomena during involvement of the optic tracts having their relay
      in the lateral geniculate body].

PMID- 1215733
TI  - [Nystagmus retractorius, without paralysis of the elevation of the gaze at the
      onset (anatomo-clinical case)].

PMID- 1215735
TI  - [Ocular manifestations of the Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome (apropos of 2
      cases)].

PMID- 1215736
TI  - [Massive bilateral and symmetric necrosis of the white matter in purulent
      meningitis].

PMID- 1215737
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic reflections on 10 cases of meningioma of the posterior
      fossa].

PMID- 1215738
TI  - [Tumoral aneurysm of the middle cerebellar artery simulating a neurinoma of the
      acoustic nerve].

PMID- 1215739
TI  - [Delayed-action pervincamine forte in circulatory disorders of the posterior
      segment of the eye].

PMID- 1215741
TI  - [Aqueous humor. Physiopathological aspects].

PMID- 1215740
TI  - [Some considerations apropos of the early diagnosis of neurinoma of the acoustic
      nerve].

PMID- 1215742
TI  - [Physiolpathology of the fluids of the internal ear].

PMID- 1215744
TI  - [Physiology of the cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 1215743
TI  - [Possibilities offered by the measurement of the pressure of the labyrinthine
      fluids].

PMID- 1215746
TI  - [Stenosis of the pacchioniah oval opening or "incisural block"].

PMID- 1215745
TI  - [Traumatic fistulas of the oval window with effusion of the cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 1215747
TI  - [Labyrinthine areflexias and nystagmus of otolithic origin].

PMID- 1215748
TI  - [Pretele injection of water in the layer and its influence on methane].

PMID- 1215749
TI  - [Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Situation at the start of 1975].

PMID- 1215750
TI  - [Reflections on 19 cases of asbestosis discovered by chance in the population of
      an industrial region in the Basse-Sambre].
AB  - The authors describe 19 cases of definite or highly probable asbestosis which
      were observed among unselected out-patients at a hospital in the industrial area
      of the "Basse-Sambre". These cases were of various types and were, almost
      exclusively, of occupational origin. The variety and severity of the asbestosis
      in many of the cases justify a more thorough survey in this area. Those people
      who have handled and inhaled asbestos fibres at work will be examined in the
      first place. A radiological pulmonary survey will also be organized among the
      people living in the neighbourhood of factories using asbestos. Precise
      information about the origin, quality and characteristics of the inhaled dust as
      well as the intensity and duration of exposure will be obtained. Cases discovered
      in the survey will be investigated systematically by means of an extensive range
      of techniques: frontal and oblique X-rays with an appropriate kilovoltage for the
      detection of pleural calcifications and of the reticular thickening of the
      parenchyma; spirometry and measurement of the transfer factor for CO; arterial
      blood gases at rest and during exercise; search for ferruginous bodies in sputum;
      pathological studies of pulmonary and pleural tissues and of the ultrastructure
      of pleural tumours.

PMID- 1215751
TI  - Editorial: Reflections of infant mortality and a nation's health.

PMID- 1215752
TI  - Glucose tolerance testing: Are we overdiagnosing diabetes mellitus?

PMID- 1215753
TI  - Adriamycin in advanced childhood malignancy.

PMID- 1215754
TI  - Ingested metallic foreign body. Case report.

PMID- 1215755
TI  - [Hypotonic examination of esophagus in pediatric radiology (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on 22 children whose esophagus was radiologically examined under maximum
      hypotonia, using i.v. Buscopan in a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight (highest 50 mg).
      The main indication are varices of the esophagus which can be shown much better
      than with conventional techniques. But also small axial hiatus herniae and
      esophageal stenoses are better shown.

PMID- 1215756
TI  - [Child abuse and neglect (author's transl)].
AB  - In this paper the "verschleierter Pflegeschaden" is defined. The syndrome is well
      discribed by the English expression "child abuse and neglect". However the German
      expression is used to avoid prejudice and offense to the caretakers before the
      culprit is found. The clinical and mainly the radiological symptoms are listed
      with reference to recent literature dealing with the diagnostic value of these
      symptoms. The "verschleierter Pflegeschaden" includes problems of malnutrition
      and rickets as well as scurvy. They are partly evidence of neglect. Short
      reference is made to differential-diagnosis. Psychological, socioeconomical and
      family problems involved are briefly mentioned in respect to statistical data.
      They are included in this brief survey in order to lead from the mere collection
      of radiological symptoms to an understanding of the many different aspects of the
      clinical syndrome. The necessity of early diagnosis and rapid information of the
      referring physician and/or institution is pointed out. Both, the high incidence
      of reocurrence rate and the high risk for siblings requires immediate action.

PMID- 1215758
TI  - [Electronic film analysis of nuclei of the fetal knee joint in amniotic shadows
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Fetal shadows between LM IX and LM X were analysed with electronic film
      improvement (harmonization). Altogether 108 nuclei of the knee joint were
      investigated. This techniques permits better and quicker analysis of pictures
      uhich at times are difficult to assess owing to overlapping. Addition
      radiographic exposures of mother and fetus can thus be avoided. Electronic
      improvement of films provides an important contribution to the reduction of
      exposure.

PMID- 1215757
TI  - [Vaginal discharge in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on 4 children suffering from vaginal discharge. Various radiographic
      techniques helped to show that this had different causes: 1) vaginal foreign
      bodies which could be shown in vaginography. 2) vestibular ureteral ectopy shown
      in IVP with increased contrast medium and retrograde pyelography. 3) rectogenital
      fistula in granulomatous colitis shown by direct contrast filling of the fistula.
      Radiologic diagnosis led to causal therapy after which the discharge disappeared.

PMID- 1215759
TI  - [On vrolik's syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - The rare condition Vrolik's syndrome and its typical radiological signs are
      described with reference to two cases.

PMID- 1215760
TI  - [Ascites during the first week of life (author's transl)].
AB  - Retrospective analysis of 22 cases with neonatal ascites showed the most common
      cause to be anomalies of the urogenital system (urethral valve, hydronephrosis,
      rupture of bladder, rupture of ovarian cyst). Next came malformations of the
      gastro-intestinal tract and of the liver and congenital infections
      (toxoplasmosis, cytomegaly). In 4 cases the cause was not found. More than one
      half of the cases permitted a definitive radiologic diagnosis, mainly in
      malformations requiring surgery. We suggest a standardized procedure of
      investigation of all cases with neonatal ascites. If this procedure does not
      result in a positive diagnosis and if the ascites fluid does not contain blood or
      bile, we fell that laparotomy is not indicated.

PMID- 1215761
TI  - [Rontgen appearances of pulmonary edema and their clinical and physiologic
      correlates (author's transl)].
AB  - With the rapid increase in the number of intensive care units in surgical and
      medical departments knowledge of early radiologic signs of pulmonary edema gains
      in importance. On the basis of investigations by American authors typical changes
      in the distribution of pulmonary blood supply can be shown, in good correlation
      with pressure changes in the pulmonary vein in left heart failure. When pressure
      rises in the pulmonary vein the well-know changes of interstitial or alveolar
      (acinary) pulmonary edema arise. Differential diagnosis between pulmonary edema
      due to left heart failure and edema from other causes is aided on the one hand by
      the presence of interstitial pulmonary edema and redistribution of blood, on the
      other hand by the abnormaly large heart and configuration. Neither Rontgen
      appearances nor type of distribution of pulmonary edema are specific for any
      given cause. In all cases of pulmonary edema, the primary-peripheral excepted,
      clinical signs either occur later than X ray findings or will be absent
      altogether. Respiratory physiology permits, according to the severity of the
      edema, proof of hypoxemia with pronounced differences in the regional ventilation
      perfusion quotient up to marked reduction of compliance and increase of
      resistance.

PMID- 1215762
TI  - [Transvenous cardiography and pulmonalis angiography for differentiating between
      pathologic mediastinal shadows (author's transl)].
AB  - A technique of contrast-medium radiology of cardiac cavities and the great
      vessels without catheter is described. The contrast-medium (30 ml) is injected
      rapidly and bilaterally into the cubital veins. This is sufficient to
      differentiate between pathologic changes in the mediastinum of vascular of non
      vascular origin and between pericardial effusion and myogenous cardiac dilation.
      The effectiveness of this not demanding technique is discussed on 4 cases. The
      risks of this investigation are not greater than those of any other method using
      larger amounts of contrast medium without general anesthesia.

PMID- 1215763
TI  - [The cervical collateral network in subclavian steal syndrome and block of the
      vertebral artery (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of rightsided subclavian steal syndrome and block of the right vertebral
      artery is reported. The importance of the collateral cervical network is
      emphasized. The diagnostic criteria of a steal phenomenon in the area of the
      branches of the aorta are discussed.

PMID- 1215764
TI  - [Early showing of veins in arteriography of the lower limbs (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on incidence, frequency and localization of early venous filling of the
      leg in 518 aorto-arteriograms. No relationship to arterial block could be found.
      The data suggest that premature venous filling is a phenomenon influenced by
      various factors which cannot be connected with any constant entity and has no
      diagnostic value.

PMID- 1215766
TI  - [Experiences in using the auto altenator system in a teaching hospital (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Attention is drawn to the advantages of the auto-alternator system in the
      everyday assessment of films, in comparative investigations and in a teaching and
      training.

PMID- 1215765
TI  - [Comparative measurements of the plane-dose-product, the surface dose and organ
      exposure in radiodiagnostic routine-examinations (author's transl)].
AB  - Measurements have been carried out using an Alderson-Rando-Phantom. Their purpose
      was a comparison between the surface- and organ-doses of radiobiologic interest
      and the plane-dose-product, important for the documentation according to the
      Rontgen rules (RoV).

PMID- 1215767
TI  - [Astigmatism - a cause for misinterpretation of x-ray photographs (author's
      transl)].
AB  - With increasing age a corneal, inverse astigmatism may develop, leading to an
      unequal projection upon the retina depending on the different angles of view.
      Fine details, like fissures in a X-ray photograph, will only be recognized in
      turning the photograph for 90 degrees.

PMID- 1215768
TI  - [Testing a pure methylglucamin salt of joxitalamin acid for contrast and side
      effects in angiography (author's transl)].
AB  - The pure methylglucamin salt of 5 acetamido-N-(2-hydroxy-ethyl). 2,4,6
      trijodisophthalamic acid has been tested on 163 arterio- and venograms. Density
      of contrast and side effects proved favorable. Since it is easily injected, this
      substance is suitable for angiography.

PMID- 1215769
TI  - [Arteriographic data in circulation disorders of the upper extremity].
AB  - Evaluation of 74 Arteriograms of the upper limb. At the shoulder-girdle
      arteriosclerotic obliteration is most common. Arteriography is essential for
      preoperative diagnosis. The same applies to post-traumatic changes in the upper
      arm. In fore-arm and hand inflammatory and systemic disease predominate. Here
      arteriograms may provide the diagnosis in part of the cases but almost always
      important data for the differential diagnosis.

PMID- 1215770
TI  - [Theoretical considerations for improving oral cholegraphy (author's transl)].
AB  - Oral cholegraphy is one of the most accurate procedures in diagnostic radiology.
      Nevertheless it is not without shortcomings. To achieve an enhancement of its
      reliability the biochemical and physiological processes involved in an ultimately
      sufficient biliary-tract opacification are analysed. From these theoretical
      considerations some conclusions are drawn which could be important for the
      improvement of oral cholegraphy and which appeared to be worth testing in
      practice.

PMID- 1215771
TI  - [Experience with the Contrac III syringe in carotid angiography (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Report on a comparison between the use of the Contrac III syringe and manual
      injection for carotid angiography. 100 cases of injector angiograms were compared
      with 100 unselected manual arteriograms. The injector angiograms needed less
      contrast fluid and were distinctly better than the manual angiograms. Evaluation
      was based on the frequency of visualization of the posterior cerebral artery, the
      anterior cerebral arteries on either side and the filling of lenticulostriary
      vessels. Using the injector raises the percentage of bilateral filling of the
      anterior cerebral artery; the posterior cerebral artery, too, is rendered visible
      much more often. The quality of filling of the basal arteries depends largely on
      the speed of the injection. According to our present experience complications
      with the injector are no more frequent than with manual injection. Injection with
      the Contrac III syringe is, therefore, a definite advance, since it permits
      producing angiograms of very good, even, reproducible quality.

PMID- 1215772
TI  - [Mediastinal hemorrhage complicating combined streptokinase-anticoagulant therapy
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Case-report. A mediastinal hemorrhage occurring spontaneously following combined
      streptokinase-anticoagulation therapy is described and its diagnosis and
      treatment discussed.

PMID- 1215773
TI  - [Cancer arising on cirrhosis of regenerative node (author's transl)].
AB  - 12 patients with cancer arising from a cirrhosis of the liver and 8 patients with
      regenerative nodes in a cirrhotic liver have been examined with scintigraphy,
      serial scintigraphy, angiography and biopsy. The results show that defects in the
      parenchyma of the liver can be shown with relative certainty using conventional
      scintigraphy with radiocolloids. But nothing can be said about their nature.
      Because of the simplicity of this technique and the minor claims on the patient
      scintigraphy should be the first diagnostic step. If angiography is contra
      indicated serial scintigraphy may further elucidate the effects. When, however,
      angiography can be done, it will offer the best chance of differentiating between
      cancer and regenerative nodes on the basis of cirrhosis.

PMID- 1215774
TI  - [Radiologic diagnosis of secondaries in the liver (author's transl)].
AB  - A diagnosis of secondaries in the liver carries considerable weight in prognosis
      and treatment, particularly pre-operatively, so that a possibly unnecessary
      operation may be avoided. Among techniques available for screening for metastases
      of the liver scintigraphy plays an important part. Besides laboratory tests and
      clinical examination it is relatively efficient and does not burden the patient.
      But they often are incapable of providing a basis for therapeutic decisions.
      Radiologic techniques are unsuitable (13). Knowledge and proper interpretation of
      indirect signs will permit guidance at the right time. In essence they serve the
      radiologic proof of advanced metastatic growths. Space occupying processes in the
      liver are the main indication for angiography. This is certainly not a routine
      method but makes sense when trying to identify the nature of defects shown in
      scintigrams (10). Where a primary tumor is known, angiography will follow
      scintigraphy of the liver, the search technique of choice. While the two
      techniques are correctly positive in 75-90% for avascular secondaries, experience
      of numerous investigations confirms that vascular metastases can be recognized
      earlier in angiograms than in scintigrams. Only angiography provides specific
      information differentiating metastases from a heptoma. The additional proof of
      primary tumors of the pancreas is important. Angiography is essential for
      indication and planning of partial hepatectomy. The angiographic picture does not
      permit conclusions from the metastases as to site and identity of the primary
      tumor. Critical evaluation of the radiographic techniques for early recognition
      of secondaries in the liver suggests humility. Only by carefully combining the
      various techniques will it be possible to demonstrate secondaries in the liver
      earlier and more frequently.

PMID- 1215775
TI  - [Examination of the organs in the upper abdomen with ultra sound (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Ultrasonography is a harmless reproducibel technique with its own specific
      indications, an established part of clinical diagnosis in obstetrics, gynecology,
      ophthalmology, neurology and cardiology. Investigations on the organs of the
      upper abdomen have greatly extended the indications. Interpreting the sonograms
      requires experience in providing and evaluating the picture. In part I of this
      paper normal ultrasonic findings on liver, pancreas, spleen and kidneys are shown
      and explained on the basis of the physical characteristics of ultrasound
      techniques and the various ultrasoundtopographic data. This echographic normal
      anatomy of the organs mentioned enables us to understand pathologic changes shown
      in part II. An attempt is also made to allocate and evaluate ultrasonography
      among other diagnostic techniques.

PMID- 1215777
TI  - [Radiologic diagnosis of diseases of the salivary glands (author's transl)].
AB  - Sialography of the major salivary glands is simple and without risk. Radiologic
      changes in their ducts permit certain differentiation between infective and
      malignant processes. Sialography determines further diagnostic and therapeutic
      action.

PMID- 1215776
TI  - [Examination of the organs in the upper abdomen with ultra sound (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Ultrasonography is a harmless reproducibel technique with its own specific
      indications, an established part of clinical diagnosis in obstetrics, gynecology,
      ophthalmology, neurology and cardiology. Investigations on the organs of the
      upper abdomen have greatly extended the indications. Interpreting the sonograms
      requires experience in providing and evaluating the picture. In part I of this
      paper normal ultrasonic findings on liver, pancreas, spleen and kidneys are shown
      and explained on thebasis of the physical characteristics of ultrasound
      techniques and the various ultrasoundtopographic data. This echographic normal
      anatomy of the organs mentioned enables us to understand pathologic changes shown
      in part II. An attempt is also made to allocate and evaluate ultrasonography
      among other diagnostic techniques.

PMID- 1215778
TI  - [Food intake. Its basis in normal man].

PMID- 1215779
TI  - [Composition of foods. Several indications useful in current medical practice].

PMID- 1215780
TI  - [Low calorie diets].

PMID- 1215781
TI  - [Low carbohydrate diets].

PMID- 1215782
TI  - [Portein restricted diets].

PMID- 1215783
TI  - [Salt-free diets].

PMID- 1215784
TI  - [Fiber and residue free diets].

PMID- 1215785
TI  - [Surcharged diets. High calorie diet and high protein diet].

PMID- 1215786
TI  - [What should one think of the dyspeptic diet?].

PMID- 1215787
TI  - [What should one think of the vegetarian and vegetable diets?].

PMID- 1215788
TI  - [How to have a long-term diet accepted?].

PMID- 1215790
TI  - [Lymphocytes and the immune response. Membrane receptors of lymphocytes].

PMID- 1215789
TI  - [Drug complications caused by photosensitization].

PMID- 1215791
TI  - [Is endocrinology only an aspect of medicine or a form of medicine?].

PMID- 1215792
TI  - [Ventilation-perfusion ratio].

PMID- 1215793
TI  - [Indications of Doppler's ultrasonography in the study of peripheral vessels].

PMID- 1215794
TI  - [Hyperselective angiography. Its diagnostic and therapeutic importance].

PMID- 1215795
TI  - [Pulmonary scintigraphies of perfusion and ventilation].

PMID- 1215796
TI  - [Drug tolerance in renal insufficiency (antibiotics excepted)].

PMID- 1215797
TI  - [Practical use of antiepileptic dosage].

PMID- 1215799
TI  - Coronary arteries in infants up to the age of ten years. I. Chronology of
      adaptive intimal changes.
AB  - In the coronary arteries of old fetuses the presence of musculo-elastic and
      elastic hyperplastic layers was firstly detected in the branching pads of aortic
      ostia and the emergence of the left anterior descending branch. These layers
      appeared constantly more developed in the left than in the right coronary bed.
      During the first six months of the extrauterine life the coalescence of pads
      revealed a passage from localized to diffuse adaptive changes in the main
      branching sites and in their immediate vicinity. Then,  in the first decade of
      life, a progressive extension of the musculo-elastic and elastic hyperplastic
      layers was observed, leading to the well known aspect of diffuse intimal
      thickening.

PMID- 1215798
TI  - Familial clustering of degenerative cardiovascular diseases.
AB  - In two geographical areas; the Gurghiu Valley, in a mountain region, and the
      village of Jurilovca on the shores of the Razelm lagoon, investigations were
      performed in 390 subjects of both sexes over 20 years of age, first degree
      relatives of healthy index subjects (males aged 40 to 60 years) and 298 subjects
      of both sexes over the of 20, first degree relatives of index-subjects with
      coronary heart disease and/or hypertension. The prevalence of these diseases was
      found to be 40% higher in the families of diseased subjects. The authors assume
      the participation of a genetic factor in the etiology of these two degenerative
      cardiovascular diseases.

PMID- 1215800
TI  - Fatty streaking of human arteries. A preliminary study.

PMID- 1215801
TI  - Synchronization of malignant cell proliferation, host rhythms and timing of
      cytostatic therapy.

PMID- 1215802
TI  - Clinical evolution, histologic type and general lymphographic picture in
      Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - In 88 patients with Hodgkin's disease the clinical value of the general
      lymphographic picture (lymphodynamic aspects plus nodal patterns) is analysed.
      The survival times are also reported according to the different pre- and
      postlymphographic evolution. Histologic types and prelymphographic therapy are
      correlated with the general lymphographic picture. The predominance of foamy
      and/or spotty lymphographic patterns of lymph nodes as well as the lymphatic
      blockages have a severe prognosis (mean intervals between lymphography and exitus
      8.3 and respectively 6.2 months). In such cases lymphocytic depletion represents
      the most frequent histologic type.

PMID- 1215803
TI  - Breathlessness and transfer factor for the lung in chronic obstructive lung
      disease.
AB  - The breath-holding CO transfer factor and transfer coefficient were correlated
      with the severity of dyspnea in 37 patients with moderate or severe obstructive
      lung disease FEV 1.0 less than 1.5 1) No correlation was evident when the whole
      group was considered. When the patients were subdivided into "bronchitics",
      "intermediate" and "emphysematous" a correlation between dyspnea severity and gas
      transfer appeared for the latter subgroup; this correlation was statistically
      significant for the transfer coefficient.

PMID- 1215804
TI  - Screening tests for the enzymatic diagnosis in liver diseases and myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - To perform the ever increasing number of analyses with a minimum equipment the
      tendency all over the world is now to replace the classical tests with screening
      tests. The laboratory of enzymology of the Institute of Internal Medicine has
      achieved screening tests for the estimation of alkaline phosphatase, of total
      lactatedehydrogenase and of its fraction I, whose results are in agreement with
      the reference methods of Bessy-Lowry-Brock and of Lac-Dehystrate-Goedecke in
      cases of acute and chronic liver diseases, neoplasms, bone diseases (Paget's
      disease) and myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1215805
TI  - [Ferrokinetics in cirrhosis of the liver and chronic evolutive hepatitis].

PMID- 1215806
TI  - [A new questionnaire for the diagnosis of tumor patients].

PMID- 1215807
TI  - [Measles vaccination in a childhood population group].

PMID- 1215808
TI  - [Agriculture and professional risks, zoonosis and the risk to veterinarians].

PMID- 1215809
TI  - [Health infrastructure of the turist zone of the province of Avila].

PMID- 1215811
TI  - [Shigellosis in the province of Seville].

PMID- 1215810
TI  - [Rubella in the Ciudad Real province. Serological study].

PMID- 1215813
TI  - [Report of a team work on resources of the regional models for measuring residues
      with the purpose of protection of the quality of the environment].

PMID- 1215812
TI  - [Health education in the rural areas of Spain].

PMID- 1215814
TI  - [Epidemiologic aspects of fatal motor vehicle traffic accidents in the city of
      salvador, (Bahia) Brazil].

PMID- 1215815
TI  - [Seasonal variation in infant mortality rates in the City of Salvador, BA,
      Brazil].

PMID- 1215817
TI  - [Survey conducted among migrants care for in the Central de Triagem e
      Encaminhamento in Sao Paulo City, Brazil. I. Demographic aspects].

PMID- 1215816
TI  - [Relationship between creatinine excretion, diet, physical activity and urinary
      volume in children 5 to 12 years of age].

PMID- 1215818
TI  - [Survey conducted among migrants cared for in the Central de Triagem e
      Encaminhamento in Sao Paulo City, Brazil. II. Biochemical aspects of
      hypoavitaminosis A].

PMID- 1215819
TI  - [The influence of maternal height and weight gain and the gestational age in the
      birth weight: study of 3 normal pregnant groups].

PMID- 1215820
TI  - [Evaluation of fetal maturity by cytology of the amniotic fluid. Comparison with
      other methods].

PMID- 1215822
TI  - [Absenteeism due to disease in women].

PMID- 1215821
TI  - [Evaluation of prenatal care in a regional health division of the State of Sao
      Paulo, Brazil].

PMID- 1215823
TI  - [Participation of general hospitals in the care of patients with Hansen's
      disease].

PMID- 1215825
TI  - [Asbestosis in Brazil: an unknown risk].

PMID- 1215824
TI  - [Identification and evaluation of clinical facters in high risk pregnancy].

PMID- 1215826
TI  - [A new tyrosine derivative in Drosophila buskii].

PMID- 1215827
TI  - [Enzymatic variations and phyletic relations among 9 species of Microtinae
      (Mammalia, Rodentia)].

PMID- 1215828
TI  - Prolonged effects of nitrogen mustard on mouse haematopoietic and lymphoid
      tissues.
AB  - Groups of mice have been autopsied at regular intervals during the period of
      lymphomyeloid tissue regeneration which follows the phase of hypocellularity
      induced by the i.v. injection of 100 mug (4 mg/kg bodyweight) nitrogen mustard.
      The marrow cellularity recovered to levels in the normal range by the 8th day and
      remained in this range up to the 40th day. Subsequently, the marrow showed a
      slight degree of hypocellularity up to day 120. Granulocytes were predominant
      during the initial phase of marrow regeneration during the second week post
      injection. The thymus exhibited periodic size variations such that it was
      substantially larger than the thymus of age-matched controls from 20-30 d, 46-73
      d, and 75-100 d after injection. The lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue of the
      spleen regenerated only slowly to reach control values by 40-50 d. Superimposed
      on the recovering lymphoid tissue of the spleen was a phase of erythroid
      hyperplasia lasting from 10-18 d post-injection. This coincided with a shift from
      granulocytosis to erythroid hyperplasia in the marrow. This erythroid hyperplasia
      lasted until day 30 when the cellular composition of the marrow and spleen
      returned to normal. A possible explanation of these results is that nitrogen
      mustard introduces a degree of synchrony into stem cell proliferation and
      differentiation. Additionally, these results emphasize the role of the
      haematopoietic microenvironment in the control of stem cell differentiation.

PMID- 1215829
TI  - Cell adherence as a serious source of error in the haemacytometer count of
      leucocytes in artificial suspensions.
AB  - This report demonstrates a previously disregarded source of error in the count of
      lymphocytes that have been fixed in Turk's dilution fluid (acetic acid and
      gentian violet). If the dilution fluid does not contain any serum protein or
      other proteins, a large proporation of the lymphocytes will stick to the walls of
      the mixing vessel. The use of plastic or siliconized vessels does not prevent
      this. The number of cells which in that way will be eliminated from the
      suspension is dependent on several variables, such as the type of mixing
      procedure and mixing vessel, the compensation of the dilution fluid and the cell
      density. As a consequence it is difficult to give any correction factor for such
      a count in a haemacytometer counting chamber. More than 30% of the cells may
      disappear under generally obtained conditions. This source of error is to some
      extent also involved in the white blood cell count, despite the presence of about
      1% protein in the dilution fluid from the serum and lysed erythrocytes. To
      prevent this loss of cells either bone serum albumin, to a concentration of 5%,
      or the detergent Certrimide, to a concentration of 2-5 mM, may be added to the
      dilution fluid.

PMID- 1215831
TI  - Integrity of the iron transport process in mice with X-linked anaemia.
AB  - The defect in iron (Fe) absorption in X linked anaemia (sla) remains an enigma;
      absorption of a tracer dose of Fe is impaired in mice raised on an iron
      containing cube diet but not in those raised on an iron-deficient diet. Because
      cobalt (Co) shares a similar intestinal transport pathway with Fe, a study was
      made of the effect of iron deficient diet on Co absorption. The duodenum of sla
      and genetically normal mice was perfused for 30 min with labelled solutions
      containing Co or Fe. Co uptake and transfer were similar in sla and normals fed
      cubes whereas Fe uptake and transfer were less in sla than in normals. The iron
      deficient diet caused an increase in the uptake and transfer of Co and Fe in sla
      and normals. When Co and Fe were perfused together in sla fed deficient diet, the
      uptake and transfer of each metal was less than when performed alone. The
      distribution of Fe and Co in subcellular mucosal fractions was determined by a
      differential centrifugation technique. Deficient diet resulted in a directionally
      similar change in the subcellular distribution of Co and Fe in sla and normals.
      The increase in Co as well as Fe absorption in the sla on an iron deficient diet
      to the same high level found in genetically normal animals, and the inhibitory
      effect of each metal on the absorption of the other suggests that the absorption
      defect in sla is unlikely to be due to a primary defect in the function of the
      transport carrier.

PMID- 1215830
TI  - Iron absorption during iron supplementation in blood donors.
AB  - The total amount of iron absorbed from a total supplementation of 2000 mg of iron
      was studied after a blood donation. 10 regular blood donors and 10 subjects
      without previous blood loss were included in the study. No subject had received
      any iron treatment before the investigation. Both groups were given one sustained
      release tablet containing 100 mg of iron as Fe SO4 once daily for 20 days. The
      iron in these tablets was labelled with 59Fe. The total amount of iron absorbed
      from the tablets was measured by a whole body counting technique. Laboratory
      tests including haematological data, desferrioxamine tests and sternal marrow
      punctures were made before and after the iron treatment. The non-donors lost a
      mean amount of 215 mg iron by phlebotomy and the total iron absorption from the
      tablets was only 94 mg (4.7%). In the regular blood donors the corresponding iron
      loss was 276 mg and the absorption was 280 mg (14%). The iron supplementation
      given in this study covered the iron losses in the regular blood donors but not
      in the non-donors. This iron prophylaxis will present a depletion but not a
      reduction of the iron stores in blood donors with high donation frequency.

PMID- 1215832
TI  - Generalized proteolysis in a young woman with Weber-Christian disease (nodular
      nonsuppurative panniculitis).
AB  - A patient with Weber-Christian disease (syn. nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis)
      is reported. The generalized cellular destruction in this patient resulted in
      liberation of proteolytic enzymes into the circulation, which led to multiple
      haemostatic disturbances with haemorrhagic diathesis. The most prominent
      haemostatic defects were thrombocytopenia with a normal life span of isologous
      platelets, high levels of AHF-related antigen, hypofibronigenaemia with short
      fibrinogen survival, low levels of Factor XIII (fibrin stabilizing factor = FSF)
      and increased amounts of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP).
      Proteolytic enzymes, other than thrombin and plasmin which especially degrade
      Factor XIII and fibrongen, derived from destroyed cells (probably leukocytes)
      seem to have been involved in the pathogenesis of the bleeding disorder in this
      patient.

PMID- 1215833
TI  - Selective eradication of rat bone marrow erythroid cells by administration of
      cytosine arabinoside. Observations on resumption phase of erythropoiesis.
AB  - The in vivo effect of a single i.p. injection of cytosine arabinoside (250 mg/kg
      body weight) on the rat bone marrow is reported. Cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), a
      potent inhibitor of DNA-synthesis, was seen to produce selective necrosis of fast
      cycling bone marrow erythroblasts. The depleted erythroid marrow is replenished
      by stem cells which are members of the lymphoid-transitional cells compartment.
      An indirect correlation between the degree of erythroid cell depletion and the
      extent of marrow lymphocytosis was noted 6-12 h after the administration of ara
      C. At 24-48 h, however, the marrow returned to its normal activity. The rat bone
      marrow 6-12 h following a single injection of ara-C is suggested as an
      experimental model for providing stem cells committed to the erythroid line.

PMID- 1215834
TI  - Ultrastructural analysis of erythroid colonies in diffusion chambers in
      irradiated rats. Effect of cytosine arabinoside administration on donor rats.
AB  - Ultrastructural observations of erythroid colonies in diffusion chambers
      implanted in lethally irradiated rats are reported. The donor cells were obtained
      from rats treated with cytosine arabinoside (250 mg/kg body weight) 6 h prior to
      seeding. The marrow of donor rats contained a high proportion of stem cells
      committed to the erythroid line. 9 days after implantation, vast numbers of
      erythroid colonies developed in the diffusion chambers. The erythroid cells were
      observed arranged around a central macrophage resembling erythroid islands in
      bone marrow. Erythroid colonies most probably differentiated from committed stem
      cells in the inoculum. It is postulated that development of erythroid colonies in
      diffusion chambers is conditioned by, among other factors, the presence of a
      special type of macrophages. These macrophages have the same function as those of
      central reticular cells (CRC) in bone marrow erythroid islands.

PMID- 1215835
TI  - Observations on the in vivo aging of red cells in the rat.
AB  - Aging of rat erythrocytes was studied in vivo by two experimental models. In the
      first, a single cohort of erythrocytes labelled with radioiron was followed; in
      the second, sequential hypertransfusions were employed to obtain a defined red
      cell population, which was continuously transferred from host to host. The
      results are compatible with a normal red cell life span of about 60 days and with
      sequestration of senescent erythrocytes in the spleen and in the liver. Red cell
      aging was associated with a decline in cell volume, haemoglobin, G6PD and ATP
      content. There were no measureable changes in osmotic fragility. Thus, changes in
      osmotic resistance do not appear to be critical factors limiting the life span of
      circulating erythrocytes in the rat.

PMID- 1215836
TI  - Immunoradiometric assay for ferritin in human serum.
AB  - A sensitive, specific and precise immunoradiometric assay for ferritin has been
      developed. Ferritin was measured in the serum of 160 hospital controls, 101
      females (118 +/- 9 mug/l) and 59 males (189 +/- 16 mug/l). This difference was
      statistically significant. In 28 patients with untreated iron deficiency anaemia,
      serum ferritin concentration (6.1 +/- 0.7 mug/l) was significantly lower than in
      the controls, but it was within the normal range in 14 cases of polycythaemia
      vera treated by repeated phlebotomy. In 4 patients with primary haemachromatosis
      (2884 +/- 56 mug/l), 25 with secondary iron overload states (5702 +/- 1235 mug/l)
      and 8 with haemolytic anaemia (1612 +/- 605 mug/l), serum ferritin levels were
      markedly elevated. In 14 cases of transfusional siderosis there was a highly
      significant correlation between serum ferritin concentration and units of blood
      transfused. A circadian rhythm in serum ferritin concentration was observed in 7
      healthy subjects.

PMID- 1215837
TI  - Detection of measles antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum by a
      radioimmunoassay.
AB  - Evidence that different structural components of the measles virus may act as
      antigens has been provided by the serologic methods of hemagglutination
      inhibition hemolysin inhibition, and nucleocapsid complement fixation. Using
      radioiodinated measles viral antigens, and immune precipitation assay has been
      designed that is capable of discriminating among various reactivities to measles
      viral structural components in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and of
      distinguishing whether IgG and IgM antibody is involved. This technique has been
      applied to the study of measles antibodies in CSF and sera of patients with
      multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurologic diseases. From data presented here,
      it was found that both groups of patients have individual reactivity to measles
      proteins, present in CSF and serum, whereas three normal CSF samples were found
      not to have such antibodies. It appears that oligoclonal immunoglobulins in CSF
      of MS patients may be detected by this method, and one patient with MS was found
      to have CSF IgM anti-measles antibodies.

PMID- 1215839
TI  - Protein A reactivity of two distinct groups of human monoclonal IgM.
AB  - Fifteen human monoclonal IgM proteins could be divided into two groups based on
      their ability to inhibit binding of a labelled human monoclonal IgM (IgM-Se) to
      Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 (IgM-Se assay); seven were positive and eight were
      negative. We found complete agreement between positive reaction in the IgM-Se
      assay, the presence of protein A reactivity in gel diffusion experiments, and
      high titres in an indirect haemagglutination test detects antibodies to protein A
      IgG complexes. The protein A precipitation patterns of IgM and autologous IgG
      were not identical.

PMID- 1215838
TI  - An experimental model in mink for studying the relation between amyloid fibril
      protein AA and the related serum protein SAA.
AB  - Experimental amyloidosis was induced in mink by repeated injections with
      endotoxin. Amyloid fibrils extracted from liver and spleen were fractionated by
      gel filtration after treatment with guanidine-hydrochloride and a reducing agent,
      dithiothreitol. An elution profile very similar to that of human amyloid fibrils,
      having protein AA as a major component, was obtained. The mink amyloid protein
      eluted at a position similar to that of human protein AA was by amino acid
      composition and partial sequence studies shown to be very similar to the latter
      protein and was called mink protein AA. In addition, a protein AA-related
      component (protein SAA) was found in increased amounts in serum of amyloidotic
      mink, providing further evidence of the homology with human amyloids.
      Experimental amyloidosis in mink represents a suitable model for studying amyloid
      proteins and related serum components.

PMID- 1215840
TI  - Antibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and skeletal muscle in human
      and experimental myasthenia gravis.
AB  - Using rocket immunoelectrophoresis and indirect haemagglutination tests,
      antibodies to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (n-AChR) from Torpedo marmorata
      were detected in sera from rabbits with experimental myasthenia but not in sera
      from patients with myasthenia gravis or in rabbit antisera to a partly purified
      skeletal muscle antigen. Antibodies to this antigen were demonstrated in sera
      from patients with myasthenia gravis but not in sera from rabbits with
      experimental myasthenia. The results indicate that there is no immunological
      cross-reaction between the muscle antigen and n-AChR from Torpedo marmorata, and
      little or no cross-reactivity between these n-AChR antibodies and possible muscle
      n-AChR antibodies in myasthenia gravis patients.

PMID- 1215842
TI  - Late effects of transurethral resection of bladder tumours at the ureteric
      orifice.
AB  - Nineteen patients, transurethrally resected for low-grade malignant tumours of
      the urinary bladder at or near the ureteric orifice, were investigated with
      respect to the presence of distal ureteric stenosis and/or vesico-ureteric
      reflux. The follow-up studies were performed from 6 to 28 (mean 12) months after
      the resection and included intravenous pyelography, voiding cystography,
      cytoscopy with catheterization of the ureteric orifice on the operated side,
      quantitative urinary culture, and serum creatinine determination. The intravenous
      pyelographies showed that the ureters on the operated side were significantly
      wider than those on the control side. This widening was recorded regardless of
      whether vesico-ureteric reflux was present or not. Vesico-ureteric refluxwas
      found on the operated side in 9 patients. No reflux was found on the control side
      in any patient. Preoperatively, no difference in ureteric width was observed
      between the tumour side and the control side. No severe stenosis was found at the
      follow-up investigation-in all cases at least a 5 French catheter could be
      inserted. Postoperatively, the urinary cultures were positive in 4 patients, 3 of
      whom had a vesico-ureteric reflux. A slight increase in the serum creatinine was
      noticed in one patient. The absence of ureteric stenosis in this series might be
      caused by the fact that the resection was performed with a minimum of
      coagulation.

PMID- 1215841
TI  - Free fascial sling to correct urinary incontinence after prostatic surgery.
      Results of eight operated patients.
AB  - Eight men with total urinary incontinence after prostatic surgery were operated
      using a free fascial sling. Four patients were continent 7-36 months
      postoperatively. Two patients had stress incontinence and two patients had
      recidivating incontinence. The latter two patients were the only ones in whom the
      preoperative cystometry was abnormal.

PMID- 1215843
TI  - Surgical injuries of the ureter. A review of 42 cases.
AB  - A review of 42 cases of iatrogenic ureteral injuries treated at the Department of
      Urology in Lund is presented. A thorough knowledge of the anatomy and blood
      supply of the ureter is necessary to avoid damage to the ureter during surgery.
      If, however, such injuries occur, early diagnosis is desirable. Several surgical
      methods are available for reconstruction. Of great importance is proper choice of
      the procedures to be used in a given case. The value of diverting operations
      (pyelostomy, nephrostomy) is stressed. Nephrectomy cannot always be avoided
      especially if the injury is not detected early. In order to evaluate the results
      of reconstructive procedures postoperative control with intravenous pyelography
      is recommended to enable early diagnosis of restrictures and thereby early
      reoperation.

PMID- 1215844
TI  - Proteinuria in patients with uroepithelial tumours with special regard to tumour
      size, clinical staging and grade of malignancy.
AB  - Concentrations of albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulins A, G and M were
      determined in both serum and urine from 59 patients with uroepithelial tumours.
      51 patients had tumours in the bladder, which could be classified according to
      size, clinical stage and grade of malignancy, the remaining 8 had tumours in the
      ureter or renal pelvis. Urinary proteins were found in all the patients studied,
      the concentration being proportional to the tumour size. There was no
      correlation, however, with the grade of malignancy. The level of serum proteins
      and the urinary protein fraction pattern were similar in all groups of patients.
      Immunoglobulins were found in relatively large amounts in the urine, except for
      IgM which was absent in 13 patients. It is suggested that there immunoglobulins
      originate from the tumour surface and may represent an immune reaction by the
      host against the tumour. Their estimation in the urine may be a useful diagnostic
      help when urinary tract tumours are suspected.

PMID- 1215845
TI  - Acute non-specific epididymitis in boys. A survey based on 48 consecutive cases.
AB  - A series of 48 boys with acute non-specific epididymitis is presented, indicating
      that this disease is probably not so rare as has been claimed. Our material
      consisted of two major groups: infants and boys between 10 and 15 years of age.
      Surgical exploration was made in 22 cases, predominantly infants. Diagnosis could
      be made from the clinical picture in most of the older boys. In the younger boys,
      wide indications for surgical exploration are necessary in order not to overlook
      a torsion of the testis. One third of the patients had significant growth of
      bacteriae in the urine. Bacteriuria was more often found in infants than in older
      children. The possible source of the epididymitis could be found in only a small
      proportion of the cases. A follow-up investigation 3-20 years after the initial
      attack showed that the prognosis is favourable in boys.

PMID- 1215846
TI  - A comparison between urography and radioisotope renography in the follow-up of
      surgery for hydronephrosis.
AB  - The result of surgical correction of hydronephrosis caused by chronic obstruction
      at the pyeloureteral junction has been evaluated clinically as well as by
      urography and body background substracted renography performed preoperatively and
      up to 65 months postoperatively. The average follow-up period was 24 months.
      Twenty-eight patients (29 kidneys) were operated. Clinically 24 patients were
      improved. Urography showed regress of hydronephrosis and/or improved urinary
      pelvic drainage in 22 patients, whereas kidney function is judged from renography
      was improved in only 8 patients. Improvement in all parameters was generally most
      marked during the first postoperative months. Renographic improvement was seen
      much more often when the contralateral (non-operated) kidney was abnormal. Thus,
      kidney function in terms of effective renal plasma flow is rather uninfluenced by
      hydronephrosis surgery if the contralateral kidney is normal, whereas clinical
      improvement in urinary drainage is regularly obtained. This improvement in
      drainage is poorly registered by renography. It is concluded that renography is
      an important complementary method to urography, but the method cannot replace the
      radiological methods in the follow-up of hydronephrosis surgery.

PMID- 1215847
TI  - Renal blood flow in acute epidemic nephritis (nephropathia epidemica of
      Scandinavia).
AB  - Different haemodynamic and functional parameters were studied in 5 cases of acute
      epidemic nephritis with uraemia using nephroangiography and dye-dilution
      measurements combined with determination of extraction ratio and clearance for
      51Cr-EDTA and PAH. In the acute phase, with greatly reduced renal function,
      increased vascular resistance was noted in spite of the vasodilatation observed
      in the renal artery out to and including the interlobular arteries. Moreover,
      angiography revealed enlarged kidneys with an increase in the thickness of the
      cortex and reduced cortical contrast accumulation. The renal blood flow, which
      was normal or slightly reduced initially, increased during convalescence, and
      renal function returned to normal. The investigation indicated that a primary
      vascular lesion in glomerular to postglomerular capillaries gives rise to
      pronounced interstitial oedema, which, probably as a result of secondary tubular
      compression, may be the cause of the rapidly developing renal failure.

PMID- 1215848
TI  - Rubidium redistribution after suprarenal caval ligation in the rat.
AB  - The distribution of infused 86 Rb Cl between different organs was followed for 48
      hours. When SRVCL was perfused 15 hours after the 86 Rb Cl infusion, there was a
      redistribution with loss of Rb from the kidneys and the thigh musculature and an
      increase in the Rb concentration in the liver and shoulder musculature.

PMID- 1215849
TI  - Segmental cortical renal infarction with spontaneous regression. A clinical and
      roentgenological study.
AB  - A patient with a suspected segmental aseptic renal infarction is described.
      Initially, the clinical picture was characterized by pain and macroscopic
      haematuria. An acute intravenous pyelography showed a normal roentgen anatomy. At
      a second intravenous pyelography one week later, an incomplete filling of the two
      cranial calyces was found. A subsequent renal angiography showed an avascular
      area within the corresponding parenchyma. The distinct demarcation of the
      avascular zone caused us to suspect that the disease might be ischemic. A second
      and a third renal angiography 6 weeks and 4 months later, respectively, both
      showed complete restoration with a normal vascular pattern. The necessity of
      performing an acute renal angiography in every case of a suspected renal
      infarction is stressed. The possibility of preventing hypertension by kidney
      resection in patients with incomplete restoration of the renal parenchyma is
      evaluated.

PMID- 1215850
TI  - Alcohol-induced changes in mood and activation in males and females as related to
      catecholamine excretion and blood-alcohol level.

PMID- 1215851
TI  - Biological age, health, and health-risk indicators among 25-57-year-old men in
      two parts of Finland.
AB  - Biological age, health, and health-risk indicators were examined among 460
      systematically chosen men, aged 25-57 years, in two parts of Finland. Morbidity
      rates and the prevalence of some health-risk indicators were higher and the
      standard of living lower in North Karelia than in South-West Finland. The index
      of biological age (IBA) did not show significant differences between the
      districts and did not correlate with health-risk indicators. People working in
      physically hard occupations (industrial and mining workers) were found to have
      more diseases and had higher IBA values than had workers in lighter occupations.
      The results suggest that both ageing and morbidity are regulated by occupational
      status and social conditions connected with it.

PMID- 1215852
TI  - Mortality among female alcoholics.
AB  - The investigation group is composed of the 83 female alcoholics who, in the
      period of 1961-68, were subjected to their first compulsory treatment by the
      Temperance Board in Malmo. Their socioeconomic status was low. In many cases the
      women were heavily disadvantaged, socially. By the end of 1973, 15 of them (18%)
      had died: 8 through accidents, 4 by suicide, 1 of liver cirrhosis, 1 of
      myocardial infarction, and 1 of cerebral haemorrhage. General and cause-specific
      mortality was calculated on the basis of age-specific risk tables for females.
      The ratio of observed to expected mortality was: for all causes of death fully
      7:1, for accidents 70:1, for suicides 30:1, and for other causes 1.6:1. Those who
      died as a result of suicide were on average younger than the other female
      alcoholics at the first compulsory treatment, and those who died of other causes
      were on average older. All who died by suicide had earlier made many attempts at
      suicide. In fully half of all known attempts at suicide, violent methods had been
      employed.

PMID- 1215853
TI  - The diagnostic process in outpatient endocrine care with special reference to
      screening. Further study of diagnostic patterns, their changes, total and
      diagnosis-specific resource consumption.
AB  - A screening procedure based on physical examination alone was used in the
      outpatient unit of a department of endocrinology and metabolism. The volume
      effectiveness and efficiency of this diagnostic process was evaluated by studying
      the case-records and by mail questionnaire. The case-records of 296 patients
      admitted to the clinic during 1968 were analyzed. It was found that 103 of these
      patients were immediately referred back after a brief physical examination only.
      The pattern of diagnosis, its changes during the screening procedure, and the
      outpatient-investigation were also studied. 50% of the patients subjected to
      outpatient-investigation ended up with a new diagnosis. It was also possible to
      construct a diagnosis-specific cost estimate for outpatient-investigation,
      starting from a non-confident and arriving at a confident diagnosis. The
      distribution of these costs was very skew. The cost for the physician performing
      the screening was estimated to represent only 2.6% of the costs saved by the
      introduction of the screening.

PMID- 1215854
TI  - Comparison between participants and non-participants at a gynaecological mass
      screening.
AB  - Nearly 35% of the women invited to the gynaecological mass screening in Uppsala
      do not participate. It is therefore of importance to study the reasons for this,
      especially as previous research in this field is sparse. We used a mail
      questionnaire which included questions concerning sociological data,
      gynaecological background, attitude to gynaecological examinations and to mass
      screening, attitude to cancer and to sexual matters. 87.5% of the sample of 800
      women replied. We compared the group of women who had at some time participated
      in the mass screening with those who had never participated. The sociological
      variables were found to be closely correlated, and their individual significance
      could consequently not be distinguished. Those who had not participated did not
      as a whole constitute a critical group as regards detection of cancer, since it
      was found that most of these women had attended a gynaecologist elsewhere and,
      although they had had smears taken, they appeared to be poorly informed as to the
      type of cancer that the smear is intended to detect. Our questioning failed to
      show the women's attitude to cancer or to sexual matters was of significance for
      participation, although there is some evidence that the latter may be of some
      importance. The most significant difference disclosed between the groups was that
      non-participants consider gynaecological examinations more unpleasant than do
      participants. Furthermore it was found that women's expectations of the mass
      screening differ from what they consider to be included in the examination.
      Finally, measures intended to increase participation are suggested.

PMID- 1215855
TI  - Female alcoholics and public assistance.
AB  - The proband group in this investigation consisted of 71 female alcoholics
      subjected to compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board. Public assistance was
      surveyed from the calendar year when the subject reached 19 years of age to the
      9th year after the first compulsory treatment. During the four-year period
      preceding the first compulsory treatment, the percentage of probands on public
      assistance per year increased from 25 to 50; this coincided with the increase in
      the percentage of probands having non-compulsory contact with the Temperance
      Board, annually. During the same period, both the percentage of probands who for
      the first time received public assistance and also the percentage of probands
      having first non-compulsory contact with the Temperance Board were doubled. After
      the first compulsory treatment, the dependence on public assistance remained
      constant at a very high level. The first instance of public assistance was a late
      socio-medical symptom. The first gonorrhoeal infection and also the first
      recorded criminal offence usually occurred considerably earlier; on the other
      hand, the first conviction for drunkenness occurred somewhat later in the course.

PMID- 1215856
TI  - [Psychological behavior in terminal illnesses].
AB  - The physician usually identifies the diagnosis - and implicitly the prognosis -
      of a terminal illness by its objective signs. The patient, however, recognizes
      fatal disease through pain and subjective symptoms as well as the reaction of his
      doctor and family. The overwhelming majority of patients suffering from a fatal
      disease realize that they will die within a given span of time; but most
      physicians still believe that frank information of the patient about the fatal
      character of his disease is irresponsible. The response of the patient to the
      approach of death is in many ways comparable to the usual adaptation to a
      psychological stress. As in illness behaviour in general, adaptation depends on
      personality structure (especially defense mechanisms), the given life situation
      and the illness. The main goal of psychotherapy in terminal illness is to answer
      the patient's questions as frankly as possible, without destroying hope for those
      in need of it. Support for the patient through the different phases of dying will
      preserve him from human isolation.

PMID- 1215857
TI  - [The frequency of relapse in operated and non-operated Crohn's disease.
      Conclusions for the indications for surgery].
AB  - 162 patients with Crohn's disease were followed up for an average of 9.1 years.
      91 patients underwent surgery. In our series 60% relapses were noted in patients
      in whom the interval between surgery and reevaluation was at least 3 years. 19.8%
      of the 71 patients who did not undergo surgery had relapses. The following
      conclusions are drawn: 1. The operation has a curative effect in only a few
      cases. 2. The operation is indicated only in the event of complications. 3.
      Relapses following appropriate surgery are not due to the operation but are a
      sign of activity of the disease.

PMID- 1215858
TI  - [Dietary modification of a specific hormonal system of the duodenal mucosa
      controlling the endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretions].
AB  - The effect of different food substrates on production by the duodenal mucosa of
      factors acting on the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas was
      studied in the rat in vivo. Intragastric loads of glucose, maltose, arginine,
      lysine, peanut oil or a protein hydrolysate (Nesmida) were given to a first group
      of rats. The duodenum was removed at various times after food and extracts of
      duodenal mucosa were injected into the pancreatic-duodenal artery of other rats.
      The effect of these extracts was determined by measuring immunoreactive insulin
      levels in the portal vein and amylase, trypsin and lipase activities in the
      pancreatic juice of this second series of rats. Glucose and arginine, but not
      lysine, increased the activity of duodenal extracts on insulin secretion, whereas
      oil ingestion modified the activity of the duodenal extracts by inhibiting
      insulin secretion. Duodenal mucosa extracts taken 30 min after glucose and
      maltose ingestion stimulated amylase but not trypsin in the pancreatic juice,
      whereas extracts taken 45 min after ingestion of a protein hydrolysate stimulated
      trypsin but not amylase production. The extracts taken after oil ingestion
      specifically stimulated lipase secretion. These observations suggest the
      possibility of a hormonal system which is modulated by various food substrates
      and influences both endocrine and exocrine pancreas functions.

PMID- 1215860
TI  - [The place of "monocomponent" insulins in diabetes mellitus therapy].
AB  - The chemical and biochemical properties of highly purified insulin (termed
      "monocomponent insulin") are discussed. The clinical indications for this mc
      insulin are immunologic side effects of conventional insulin therapy such as
      resistance, allergy and lipoatrophy. Furthermore, highly purified insulins can be
      tried in high insulin requirement, in juvenile diabetes and intermittent insulin
      therapy. Case histories for these clinical indications are presented. It is
      advised that the use of mc-insulin should be restricted to precise clinical
      indications until enough pure pig insulin is available for treatment of all
      insulin-dependent diabetics.

PMID- 1215859
TI  - [Urinary concentration and antibacterial effect of short and long acting
      tetracycyline].
AB  - Forty-one hospitalized patients, of whom the majority had asymptomatic
      bacteriuria, were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups. They were given
      either tetracycline HCl 1 g, or tetracycline HCl + terpenes 100 mg, or
      minocycline 200 mg, or cotrimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole 1.6 g + trimethoprim 320
      mg), daily for one week. A large number of bacteria were resistant to
      tetracyclines. The urine was sterilized in 14 out of 24 patients receiving
      tetracyclines and in all of the 17 patients receiving cotrimoxazole. The mean
      urinary concentration of tetracycline was 20 times higher than that of
      minocycline. The 24-h urinary excretion of tetracyclines was slightly higher in
      patients receiving the combination of terpenes and tetracycline, but these
      differences in urinary excretion did not appear to have any influence on the
      antibacterial effect of tetracyclines.

PMID- 1215861
TI  - [The effect of cholecystectomy on the lipid composition of the liver bile. Follow
      up studies in 10 cholecystectomized patients with recurrent calculi in the bile
      ducts].
AB  - In 10 patients who had formed new stones in the common bile duct after
      cholecystectomy, the lipid composition of the hepatic bile was determined on
      three different days after relaparotomy and placing of T-tude and the cholesterol
      content of the stones was investigated. The cholesterol content in 9 out of 10
      recurrent gallstones was between 78 and 93%. The lipid content was lithogenic in
      these 9 cases. In the tenth (a patient with mixed recurring gallstones)
      solubility for cholesterol was in the critical area. There thus seems to be no
      normalization of lipid composition in patients with cholesterol stones after
      cholescystectomy, and the conditions for recurrence of cholesterol stones remain
      unaltered.

PMID- 1215862
TI  - [The inhalation of beta stimulators. Effect of the inhaled aerosol deposited in
      the oropharynx and in the bronchial tree].
AB  - Inhaled aerosols are predominatly deposited in the oropharynx and only a minor
      portion penetrates into the sublaryngeal airways. The effectiveness of both
      components of an orciprenaline aerosol was tested in 12 asthmatics. For this
      purpose they were given an inhalation on one day and, on the next, the entire
      oropharynx was sprayed with the inhalant. Evaluation of the corresponding
      bronchodilator effects was based on repeated measurements of specific airway
      conductance. The results show that the inhalation is about 6 times as effective
      as the spray, and thus prove the superiority of inhalation therapy over oral or
      peroral medication with beta-stimulants in the treatment of bronchial asthma.

PMID- 1215863
TI  - [Editorial: "Small airway disease"].

PMID- 1215864
TI  - ["Small airway disease". A short review].
AB  - Recent research aimed at detection of early chronic obstructive lung disease has
      resulted in the concept of "small airway disease". The physiologic abnormalities
      associated with this entity, which is characterized by structural changes in
      peripheral airways, are too slight to be detected by conventional pulmonary
      function tests. A number of more sensitive methods have been found helpful in the
      recognition of small airway disease which, among other conditions, appears to be
      present in asymptomatic young smokers. Although final evidence of the suggested
      relationship between small airway disease and clinically manifest chronic
      obstructive lung disease is still lacking, this hypothesis is intriguing since it
      relates to a chronic disease in a potentially reversible stage.

PMID- 1215865
TI  - [Pre and postoperative secretion studies in selective proximal vagotomy. Report
      on 50 patients].
AB  - In 50 patients with peptic ulcer (48 duodenal ulcers and 2 pyloric channel
      ulcers) proximal gastric vagotomy was performed. The diagnosis was confirmed by
      radiology and endoscopy in all cases. Pentagastrin-stimulated maximal acid output
      (MAO) was measured preoperatively. At 6-12 months after the operation a
      pentagastrin test (6 mug/kg) and an insulin test (12 units regular insulin
      intravenously) were carried out. The results of the insulin tests were assessed
      by 5 criteria. In patients with 3 or more positive criteria the vagotomy was
      considered incomplete. 30 patients had "complete" and 20 "incomplete" vagotomy.
      MAO was reduced by 56%. The mean reduction of MAO was 63% in cases of "complete"
      vagotomy and 46.5% in "incomplete" vagotomy. The purpose and indication of
      postoperative studies of gastric secretion are discussed.

PMID- 1215866
TI  - [The surgical strategy in cases of arterio-venous aneurysms of the posterior
      fossa. A propos of 3 cases].
AB  - Three cases of strictly subtentorial arteriovenous aneurysm (out of 55
      intracranial malformations of this kind) are presented, with special reference to
      surgical tactics and technics: the pros and cons of different positions on the
      operating table, search for afferent pedicles whose clipping may suffice,
      necessity of routine use of bipolar coagulation, use of the operating microscope,
      and continuous intraoperative checking of vital data by the anesthetist. These
      lesions are operable and should therefore be looked for.

PMID- 1215867
TI  - [New aspects of inflammation prevention by means of non-steroid antiphlogistics:
      the effect of Voltaren].
AB  - Voltaren, a non-steroid antiinflammatory agent (NSA) of an entirely new chemical
      structure, is characterized by the high degree of antiinflammatory, antipyretic
      and analgesic activity it displays in animal experiments. Like other NSAs, the
      preparation inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, and various findings indicate that
      the spectrum of pharmacological activity of these agents is at least partly due
      to this inhibitory effect. Despite this common feature, however, there are
      quantitative and qualitative differences between Voltaren and other NSAs.

PMID- 1215868
TI  - [Pseudolupus: a severe side effect of a varicose vein drug?].
AB  - Among 7 patients with "pseudolupus" (a lupus erythematodes-like syndrome with
      antimitochondrial antibodies) an unusual incidence of varicose veins was noted.
      Reexamination of their histories revealed that all had been taking the same
      rather uncommon drug "Venocuran" for a prolonged period before developing the
      typical symptoms of this disease (recurrent fever, perimyocarditis, myalgias).
      They appeared on average 7 months after initiation of drug therapy and lasted for
      weeks or months even when the drug was promptly withdrawn. It is probable, though
      by no means certain, that one or several components of this drug play an
      important role in the pathogenesis of this immunologically distinct disease.

PMID- 1215869
TI  - [The value of conventional pancreas scintigraphy as a diagnostic method in
      pancreatic diseases].
AB  - In a retrospective study 170 pancreas scintigrams have been compared with the
      final clinical diagnosis. In 87% of cases the nuclear medicine and clinical
      diagnoses were in agreement. Given the 95% accuracy of normal pancreas scans,
      scintigraphy is a reliable method in ruling out pancreatic disorders. The
      problems of the pathologic pancreas scan are discussed and an approach is
      recommended for clinical clarification. Finally, a list of indications for
      pancreas scintigraphy is given.

PMID- 1215870
TI  - [Beclomethasonedipropionate for corticoid inhalation therapy in bronchial
      asthma].
AB  - Beclomethasone dipropionate, a new corticosteroid for inhalation in the form of a
      pressurised aerosol with a daily dosage of 300-400/mug, has been given to 130
      adult asthmatics. In 56% of the steroid-dependent asthmatics, oral or parenteral
      corticosteroids were reduced and in a further 28% discontinued entirely. In 16%
      of patients a reduction of systemic corticosteroids could not be achieved. 12
      patients suffering from an obstructive airway disease who had not previously been
      on systemic corticosteroids were treated successfully with inhalation of
      beclomethasone dipropionate alone. The reduced dosage of systemic corticosteroids
      as a result of the use of beclomethasone dipropionate was 4.24 mg of prednisone
      daily. Side effects, in the form of mouth candidiasis, were noted in only 2
      patients.

PMID- 1215871
TI  - [Exhalation diagnosis with C14 tagged compounds, methods and results].
AB  - The method and results of the 14C exhalation test for metabolic studies are
      presented. In patients under radiotherapy for malignant diseases (we consider
      radiotherapy to be a well defined metabolic disturbance), studies with 14C
      carboxyl triglycerides, with 14C-glycincholate, with 14C-histidine and with 14C
      uridyl reveal the extent of the metabolic changes and also how long it would take
      to return to the normal state. It is not yet well understood why a disturbace of
      glycincholate absorption persists for years after radiotherapy of the pelvis. The
      method can also be employed in gastroenterology (absorption of bile salts) and in
      assessing an anabolic or catabolic state as af function of thyroid hormone.
      Further metabolic tests for radiobiologic evaluations are in progress.

PMID- 1215872
TI  - [Surgical treatment of funnel chest. Surgical experience with 90 cases].
AB  - Funnel chest, a congenital hereditary deformity, may lead to impairment of cardio
      pulmonary function. The predominant motives for operation are psychological and
      cosmetic. Minor deformities amenable to physiotherapy should not be operated on,
      but moderately severe one represent a justified surgical indication. Objective
      photographic documentation is essential. Because of their bearing on surgical
      technic and results the symmetrical, asymmetrical, localized and extensive
      deformities should be distinguished. 90 operations have been performed between
      1951 and 1974 according to the different known technics published during that
      period. Results were irregular until the introduction, eight years ago, of an
      operation combining extensive resection, by the method of RAVITCH, and
      stabilization by a metal strut as recommended by ADKINS et al. 24 operations
      performed during the last eight years have afforded perfect long term results.

PMID- 1215873
TI  - [The value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography for the surgery of
      bile duct and pancreatic diseases].
AB  - The value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) for
      establishing the indication for surgery and for planning surgical procedures is
      discussed. The two most widely practiced methods of direct cholangiography -
      percutaneous transhepatic and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (PTC and ERC)
      - are compared: although the filling rate with ERC is slightly lower than with
      PTC, the endoscopic method has some important advantages as it allows endoscopic
      observation and biopsy of the duodenum. Furthermore, opacification of the
      pancreatic duct system often provides important additional information. ERCP is
      essentially important in post-cholecystectomy syndrome, as puncture of undilated
      bile ducts is difficult and persistent symptoms after cholecystectomy are not
      infrequently related to pancreatic disease. The importance of rapid surgical
      intervention after retrograde filling of the biliary tree in obstructive jaundice
      is stressed. In pancreatic diseases the indication for surgery is based mainly on
      clinical and laboratory findings. Differentiation of malignant and inflammatory
      changes in the pancreaticogram is still a problem. However, the contribution of
      ERCP to pancreatic surgery is very important, as it exactly localized lesions of
      the pancreas and therefore allows detailed planning of a surgical procedure.
      Stenosing or obstructing lesions often are an indication for surgery, even if
      their malignant nature is not certain, as severe pain in chronic pancreatitis may
      be relieved by surgery. The potential for therapeutic application of endoscopy in
      biliary and pancreatic diseases is briefly discussed.

PMID- 1215874
TI  - [EEG-abnormalities in patients with vagovascular syncope].
AB  - In 248 patients with vagovasal syncope, EEGs recorded during a seizure free
      period showed abnormality in 19.3% of the cases. In 2% there were only
      nonspecific disturbances of background activity. 12.9% (during the resting record
      9.7%) of the investigated persons showed paroxysmal slower and/or sharper
      transients and a further 4.4% (in the resting record 2.4%) hypersynchronous
      activity, which occurred significantly more often in women than in men. It also
      usually consisted of single fine spikes or sharp waves and only rarely did real
      sharp and slow-wave complexes or abortive spike-waves appear. Two patients (one
      with a normal and the other with an abnormal record) had spontaneous syncopal
      attacks during the EEG recording, showing in the EEG as generalized high voltage
      delta waves, which in one case changed into a transitory isoelectric trace. These
      EEG changes were similar to those in provoked vagovasal syncope, as described by
      other authors. EEG transients in patients with clinical vagovasal syncope are
      discussed. In the rare cases with very pronounced EEG changes, a neurological
      examination is advisable for complete assessment of the case. In patients with
      otherwise typical vagovasal syncope, long-term anticonvulsive therapy merely
      because of dyrhythmic transients and/or single fine spikes in the seizure-free
      period is, in the opinion of the author, not indicated.

PMID- 1215876
TI  - [The fate of elderly patients who have been refused admission. Half-yearly
      catamnesis of patients not admitted to a psychiatric clinic  because of lack of
      space in 1973].
AB  - Six months after being refused admission to the psychiatric clinic, more than
      half of 128 patients over 60 years of age were found to be inadequately cared for
      in hospitals, homes and their families. Some were living in appalling conditions.
      Those admitted to other hospitals stayed there much longer than would be expected
      from the average hospital stay of psychiatric patients. Had these patients been
      admitted, the psychiatric clinic would very soon have been unable to admit
      emergency cases. This situation could be improved by providing better outpatient
      facilities, increased psychiatric supervision in homes for the elderly and more
      psychiatric day hospitals and homes. In this way psychiatric clinics could remain
      available for emergencies.

PMID- 1215875
TI  - [Testing of the antirheumatic agent tolmetin for its interactions with oral
      anticoagulants].
AB  - In 15 patients on long-term oral anticoagulation the new antirheumatic drug
      tolmetin (Tolectin) was administered over a period of 10 days. Based on 11
      parameters of coagulation, no interaction between the drug and phenprocoumon was
      found. A significant though clinically irrelevant prolongation of bleeding time
      was observed.

PMID- 1215877
TI  - [Continent ileostomy--indication and possibilities].
AB  - Proctocolectomy with conventional ileostomy cures patients with severe ulcerative
      colitis but ileostomy appliances must be worn for the rest of their lives. The
      continent ileostomy, as devised by Kock, provides the patient with an
      intraabdominal ileal reservoir and a valve constructed by invaginating the
      efferent ileal segment into the reservoir. The patient empties his reservoir 2-3
      times a day by inserting a catheter through the valve. Our experience with 14
      patients is reported. The continent ileostomy was in most cases constructed as a
      second procedure after proctocolectomy. Minor postoperative complications, such
      as abscess, fistula or partial luxation of the valve were easily corrected. One
      patient who underwent proctocolectomy and simultaneous construction of a
      continent ileostomy died in acute liver failure due to a severe preexisting
      cirrhosis. All the other patients are continent for feces and gas and do not need
      external appliances. The construction of a continent ileostomy as a secondary
      procedure can be recommended in patients with proctocolectomy. It offers patients
      a life situation with differs only insignificantly from that of normal persons.

PMID- 1215878
TI  - [Radioimmunological measurement of tetanus antitoxin].
AB  - A radioimmunological assay method has been developed for large-scale screening
      for tetanus antibodies. Its specificity is excellent and the sensitivity is in
      the region of 0.001 International Units per ml; it is thus comparable with the
      animal protective test. By this method a series of human sera was examined for
      which the vaccinal antitoxin titers were determined by animal protection tests. A
      parallel between the two tests was confirmed. Screening of 60 military recruits
      established that the test is usable as a mass method. Furthermore, the technique
      of Habermann and Wiegand was compared with ours and the results correlated well.

PMID- 1215879
TI  - [Editorial: Etiology and pathogenesis of diverticulosis].

PMID- 1215880
TI  - [Subcutaneous small heparin doses for the prevention of thrombosis in general
      surgery and urology].
AB  - 1. The effectiveness of 3 X 5000 IU s. c. heparin daily (starting preoperatively)
      for the prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis was evaluated in a
      prospective, controlled, randomized study including general surgical and
      urological patients. 125I-fibrinogen test was performed daily in all patients. 2.
      178 patients fulfilled the conditions of the protocol. 35.8% of the 95 patients
      in the control group developed deep vein thrombosis, but only 13.3% of 83
      subjects in the heparin group did so. The difference is statistically highly
      significant (p less than 0.001). 3. The vast majority of all thrombi in both
      groups appeared before the 3rd postoperative day. 4. With 1 exception, all deep
      vein thrombi in the heparin group started in the mid-calf region. In the control
      group 5 deep thrombi originated in the popliteal vein. 5. Heparin displays a
      better effect in males (n = 34; p less than 0.01) than in females (n = 49; p less
      than 0.025). 6. In patients undergoing surgery for malignant disease heparin does
      not reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis. 7. Heparin is far more
      effective in patients under 60 years of age than in those over 60 (p less than
      0.005). 8. Heparin is more effective in obese patients than in those of normal
      body build. 9. Heparin prophylaxis also reduces the incidence of deep vein
      thrombosis in patients who exhibit predisposing factors. In patients of the
      control group with preexisting disease of the venous system, there were
      significantly more deep vein thrombi (p less than 0.01) than in those without
      predisposing factors. 10. In the heparin group 29% of all thrombin time
      determinations show a definite prolongation of more than 26 sec (normal value 15
      sec). 11. In 14 patients (=16.9%) of the heparin group, 21 side effects or
      complications were seen. Bleeding complications were the main problem, comprising
      5 wound hematomas and hematomas at the injection site, 4 postoperative bleeding
      episodes and 2 reoperations. There were no complications in the control group.
      12. According to the results of 10 well controlled studies, there is no doubt
      that in general surgery small doses of subcutaneous heparin, commencing
      preoperatively, do reduce the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis to
      a significant degree. However, whether this form of prophylaxis is also effective
      in patients with fractures of the hip and in elective hip surgery cannot, on the
      evidence available, be decided. In the fields of gynecological surgery and
      urology as well, more data are needed before this form of heparin prophylaxis can
      be recommended.

PMID- 1215881
TI  - [Hormonal contraceptives and myocardial infarct].
AB  - Out of a total of 36,208 admissions during the 21-year period from 1954 to 1974,
      514 female patients were hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction. Only 4 of
      these 514 females were below 40 years of age. In addition to one of the generally
      accepted risk factors for coronary disease, all 4 patients had been taking
      hormonal oral contraceptives for a prolonged period. Although there is no direct
      proof of a connection between the use of oral contraceptives and myocardial
      infarction, there is increasing evidence that risk factors for coronary disease
      are potentiated by the use of oral contraceptives. In the presence of risk
      factors for coronary disease, therefore, oral contraceptives should be taken only
      on the basis of a strict indication and under regular medical supervision.

PMID- 1215882
TI  - [The psychological behavior of tumor patients with agranulocytosis under
      conditions of isolation].
AB  - 31 patients with severe leukopenia, including 27 with neoplastic diseases, were
      treated in a germfree isolator system for a total of 767 days. For this purpose
      the patients were informed of their diagnosis. Deprivation syndromes as well as
      aggressive and regressive behaviour patterns were the most common psychological
      reactions to isolation. In no instance was the isolation terminated because of
      psychological complications. A variety of factors are of particular importance in
      the guidance of isolated cancer patients: confidence in medical treatments,
      adequate information about the disease and therapeutic goals, firm human
      interrelationships and active participation of the patient in the therapeutic
      program. These are principles which can also be applied in the psychological
      approach to cancer patients in general.

PMID- 1215883
TI  - [Double neoplasms in larynx and lung].
AB  - The incidence of primary malignant tumors in both the larynx and the bronchial
      system has been studied in the autopsy material of the Institute of Pathology,
      University of Zurich. In a total of 29,849 autopsies performed from 1960 to 1972,
      carcinomas of the bronchus were found in 1382 patients (4.6%) and carcinomas of
      the larynx in 214 patients (0.7%). 17 patients had primary carcinomas in both the
      larynx and the bronchus. The coexistence of both these carcinomas is about twice
      as frequent as their calculated chance combination. The importance of appropriate
      clinical examination of patients with lung or larynx carcinoma is accordingly
      stressed.

PMID- 1215884
TI  - [Neuroradiologic examinations in ophthalmology].
AB  - Radiology can contribute to the solution of numerous diagnostic problems
      encountered in ophthalmology. Malformations, trauma, tumors and pseudotumors of
      the orbit and adjacent cranio-facial structures often require well ordered
      standard and tomographic X-ray techniques. Next in line are important and
      nonaggressive methods such as bone scintigraphy of the head and brain and orbit
      scintigraphy. More recently, computer assisted axial transverse tomography has
      already proved of great assistance. Finally, selective angiography of the
      branches of the external carotid and of the ophthalmic artery and phlebography of
      the orbit may be necessary. These techniques are briefly and systematically
      reviewed.

PMID- 1215885
TI  - [Familial Wilson's disease: copper induced hemolysis, hypersplenism and
      hyperpigmentation as the main symptoms].
AB  - Wilson's disease was diagnosed in a 16-year-old adolescent who presented with
      signs of hypersplenism due to cirrhosis, with marked hyperpigmentation of both
      lower legs and neurological disturbances. In view of progressive thrombocytopenia
      and leukocytopenia, splenectomy was performed during therapy with penicillamine
      later in the course, and the result was good. The patient's 12-year-old sister
      was found to have a hepatic form of Wilson's disease with typical biochemical
      findings. During the initial hospitalization a severe, spontaneous copper-induced
      hemolysis was noted. Another sister probably has a presymptomatic form of the
      disease. The parents are healthy but heterozygote carriers with regard to
      biochemical findings. The importance is stressed of hypersplenism,
      hyperpigmentation of the legs and especially of acute hemolysis in infancy as
      pointers in the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. Further diagnostic and therapeutic
      aspects are discussed.

PMID- 1215886
TI  - [Current elective surgery of chronic duodenal ulcers].
AB  - At present a number of different procedures are used for elective surgery of
      chronic duodenal ulcer. The merits and demerits of established methods such as
      subtotal gastrectomy, truncal vagotomy with drainage and truncal vagotomy with
      antrectomy are discussed from the viewpoint of operative mortality, recurrence
      rate and postoperative sequelae. Vagotomy techniques have been refined by the
      addition of selective vagotomy and proximal gastric vagotomy with and without a
      drainage procedure. Proximal gastric vagotomy appears to involve fewer side
      effects than any of the other methods. However, information about longterm
      recurrence rate after proximal gastric vagotomy is still scant. Methods for
      checking the completeness of vagotomy are still unsatisfactory. It is still not
      known whether the operation can or must be "tailored" to the needs of the
      individual patient according to the results of secretion studies. It is felt that
      the established procedures still have a place in the surgical treatment of
      chronic duodenal ulcer. Truncal vagotomy and drainage is a good operation,
      especially for emergency surgery and in poor risk patients. The longterm results
      of subtotal gastrectomy are less satisfactory than has been assumed, and it is
      therefore suggested that this operation should be performed less frequently in
      the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1215887
TI  - [The impairment of the ability to drive with blood alcohol concentrations of 0,5
      per mille. A review of the literature].
AB  - As a contribution to the discussion surrounding reduction of the 0.08% limit,
      empirical data concerning the influence of blood alcohol levels around 0.05% on
      driving ability are reviewed. The papers reviewed, all of which satisfy the usual
      methodological standards, show that in the 500 subjects investigated there was
      already marked impairment of driving ability below blood alcohol levlels of
      0.08%. Marked impairment is particularly apparent in those abilities which, with
      regard to the complexity of the perceptual and psychomotor patterns involved, are
      most relevant to the real driving situation: --decreased performance of simple
      and complex perceptual mechanisms, attention and vigilance; --decreased
      performance of psychomotor skills, resulting in impaired control of the vehicle
      in the real traffic situation. It can be concluded that even at these low blood
      alcohol levels an increased accident risk is to be expected.

PMID- 1215888
TI  - [Proceedings: Indications and limitations of breathing gymnastics].
AB  - Chronic obstructive lung disease represents the most important field of
      application for respiratory physiotherapy. The technic comprises two successive
      stages: inhalation of a bronchospasmolytic and secretolytic aerosol (e.g. Alupent
      or Ventolin, diluted in tacholiquine or Bisolvon) followed by breathing
      exercises. These exercises are divided into three parts: respiratory movements
      such as diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing, drainage of bronchial secretions,
      and exercises to relax the muscles of the shoulders, the thorax and the skin, all
      these movements being executed in the rhythm of breathing. The effect of
      respiratory physiotherapy depends on the cooperation of the patient, the technic
      and the degree of severity of bronchiolar stenosis. The method is only successful
      in patients with slight to moderate bronchospasm; in those who suffer from
      dyspnea at rest it is usually ineffective. The prerequisite for success is
      longterm treatment. This means that the patient must continue to practice the
      acquired technique at home at least once a day. A description of the other
      indications for breathing exercises, such as bronchiectasis, chronic pneumonia,
      lung abscess, atelectasis, pleural fibrosis etc., is followed by a summary of the
      contraindications for the method.

PMID- 1215890
TI  - [Proceedings: Long-term therapy with steroids].
AB  - All glucocorticosteroids available at the present time exert a wide range of
      actions in every single cell of every organ. It is still not possible to
      dissociate the therapeutically desirable effects from the undesirable side
      effects, and whether this goal will ever be achieved is more than questionable.
      Thus, chronic treatment with steroids is invariably associated with side effects,
      but there are a number of therapeutic rules whose strict observance may prevent a
      patient in chronic need of steroid treatment from developing a second, iatrogenic
      disease. For example, there is strong evidence that spacing the administration or
      oral steroids, even without changing the 24 h dosage, may substantially decrease
      the steroid induced side effects without loss of therapeutic action. Another
      promising approach has been reported in the case of steroid dependent asthmatics,
      many of whom may be treated by inhalations of steroid esters with strong topical
      but low systemic effects.

PMID- 1215889
TI  - [Proceedings: Home treatment of chronic respiratory insufficiency: carrier
      solutions for aerosol inhalations].
AB  - The excellent bronchodilatory effect of inhalation is widely accepted today. In
      order to obtain good results, correct instruction of the patient and correct
      choice of the nebulizer and inhalation solution are necessary. The performance
      requirements of the nebulizer and the most frequently used carrier solutions are
      critically discussed.

PMID- 1215891
TI  - [Proceedings: Cardiac therapy in chronic respiratory insufficiency].
AB  - The cardiac problems of patients with chronic respiratory failure are not
      confined to cor pulmonale. About one half of these patients also suffer from
      coronary heart disease with left heart failure, angina pectoris or arrhythmias.
      The specific difficulties surrounding cardiac therapy in these patients chiefly
      arise from the administration of digitalis, beta-adrenergic blocking and beta
      adrenergic stimulating agents.

PMID- 1215892
TI  - [Proceedings: Home treatment of chronic respiratory insufficiency: criteria of
      disability].
AB  - The degree of disability of a patient with chronic respiratory failure must be
      determined on a theoretical basis. Using a water filled spirometer, VC and FEV1
      tracings are observed several times until the maximal values are clearly
      reproduced. The percentage deficit of the patients' ventilatory capacity is
      determined by the formula (see article) and represents the first approximation of
      the degree of disability (in %). The result must now be corrected by arterial
      blood gas data obtained during 5 mon exhaustive work on a bicycle or tread-mill
      ergometer. The percentage disability results from a correction depending on the
      arterial pO2 and the pCO2 found during exercise: deterioration of the arterial
      hypoxemia and/or hypercapnia leads to an increase and their normalization to a
      decrease in the disability quota found during spirometry. Patients with unstable
      chronic obstructive lung disease and respiratory failure should be evaluated only
      after adequate rehabilitation at home and at work, and after cessation of
      smoking. Patients under tuberculostatic treatment must also be excluded from
      disability evaluation. The degree of disability determined on the basis of lung
      function tests is a theoretical one; the tests must be performed by trained staff
      in a pulmonary function laboratory.

PMID- 1215893
TI  - [Editorial: Progress in the treatment with pacemakers].

PMID- 1215894
TI  - [Modified Cr51-chromium-albumin test for the differential diagnosis of exudative
      gastropathies and enteropathies].
AB  - A modification of the 51Cr-chromium-albumin test allows differentiation between
      protein-losing gastropathy and protein-losing enteropathy. After i.v. application
      of 51Cr-chromium-albumin, radioactivity is measured in the gastric fluid (basal
      after pentagastrin and after atropine, each for 1 h) and in the stools (96 h). In
      9 healthy controls, radioactivity in the gastric fluid was 0.11-0.08% (x+/-SD) of
      the injected dose in the basal period, 0.28+/-0.04% after pentagastrin and 0.08+/
      0.32% after atropine, respectively. Output of non-peptic protein in the gastric
      secretions paralleled the measured radioactivity. In a patient with edema due to
      hypoproteinemia associated with Menetrier's disease, there was also a decrease in
      protein exsudation in the stomach when atropine was administered. After therapy
      with an anticholinergic drug, hypoproteinemia disappeared. Anticholinergic drugs
      may therefore be useful in the treatment of some cases of protein-losing
      gastropathy.

PMID- 1215895
TI  - [Proteinuria in mature diabetic patients. Quantitative and qualitative analysis].
AB  - Proteinuria has been analysed in 334 maturity-onset diabetics and 80 matched
      controls. Proteinuria measured in the recumbent position exceeded 100 mug/min in
      53% of the diabetic population. The percentage of excessive proteinuria increased
      with duration of the disease. Sex and age had no influence. Out of 55 first year
      diabetics, 49% had abnormal quantitative proteinuria; this is in contrast to 76
      longterm diabetics (over 12 years) of whom 38% had proteinuria under 100 mug/min.
      Electrophoresis and immuno-electrophoresis showed a glomerular pattern in 40%, a
      tubular pattern in 15% and a mixed pattern in 8% of all the diabetics. 32% of the
      diabetics with quantitatively normal proteinuria were abnormal qualitatively, and
      this may be the first manifestation of diabetic nephropathy. Thirty-eight other
      patients had a normal electrophoretic pattern in spite of increased proteinuria.
      Proteinuria levels were significantly associated with hematuria, bacteriuria and
      reduced GFR, but not with leukocyturia, insulin dependence and hypertension.
      Upright position increased the proteinuria to a greater degree amongst the
      patients with normal proteinuria. We discuss the role of increased filtration
      pressure and glomerular permeability in modifying proteinuria in diabetes.
      Sensitive quantitative and qualitative proteinuria determinations are important
      tools both in early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in clinical practice and in
      epidemiological studies.

PMID- 1215896
TI  - [Syncope in glossopharyngeal neuralgia].
AB  - The case is presented of a 51-year-old man with symptomatic glossopharyngeal
      neuralgia who exhibited syncope during some of the neuralgic attacks. Clinically
      and pathophysiologically, these syncopes differ from the "carotid sinus syndrome"
      by the fact that they are caused by irritation of the sensory fibers of the IXth
      cerebral nerve instead of the pressoreceptors in the carotid sinus. While
      carbamazepine (Tegretol) had only transient beneficial effects, complete relief
      of symptoms was obtained by intracranial section of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

PMID- 1215897
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of liver actinomycosis].
AB  - A 47-year-old man who had undergone gastrectomy for duodenal ulcer required
      repeated hospitalization due to recurrent fistulas in the region of the
      laparotomy scar and increased cholestasis and cachexia. An intrahepatic and
      subphrenic abscess was diagnosed clinically and by liver scan and confirmed by
      laparotomy. The histologic findings revealed actinomycosis. Through early
      surgical drainage and administration of 20 million units penicillin G daily it
      proved possible to discharge the patient completely cured after 2 months. The
      pathogenesis of liver actinomycosis is discussed.

PMID- 1215898
TI  - [Heme biosynthesis].
AB  - 300--400 mg of heme is synthesized daily in the organism. Heme is the prosthetic
      groups of hemoglobulin, cytochromes and other hemoproteins. Major sites of heme
      synthesis are bone marrow and liver. At least 7 enzymes and intermediary products
      are involved in the sequence of reactions that lead from glycine and succinyl
      coenzyme A to heme. delta-Aminole-vulinic acid synthetase, the first enzyme in
      the sequence of reactions, is rate-limiting for heme formation and important
      regulatory events are directed at this enzyme.

PMID- 1215899
TI  - [The complement system].
AB  - The complement system may be activated by at least two different pathways:  the
      clinical pathway involving C1, C4 and C2 and the alternative pathway involving
      properdin, C3, factor B and factor D. The classical pathway can be activated by
      antigen antibody complexes, while the alternative pathway can be activated by
      other substances such as natural polysaccharides. Both pathways lead to an
      activation of C3 and of the last complement components (C5 to C9). Congenital
      defects of the complement system have been described for several components. Some
      of these defects are relatively well tolerated, but others, such as C3
      deficiency, lead to increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. Acquired
      complement defects are frequently observed in association with several diseases.
      Usually they are characterized by an increased level of complement components
      involved in the classical pathway and therefore reflect activation by antigen
      antibody complexes. Such changes may be systematic, as in lupus erythematodes, or
      localized to some biological fluids such as synovial fluid in rheumatoid
      arthritis. In some renal diseases the complement profile suggests activation of
      the complement system by the alternative pathway, and this may reflect a
      different pathogenesis.

PMID- 1215900
TI  - [The care of the hemophiliac--our contribution to the prevention of his
      invalidism].
AB  - In view of the normal present-day life expectancy of the hemophiliac, our main
      task is to prevent disability. The chief cause of disability is joint and muscle
      hemorrhages, though these are not in themselves life-threatening. Their early and
      proper treatment serves to avoid disability through replacement of the deficient
      coagulation factor, careful immobilization of the affected limb and early
      physical therapy. Optimum treatment calls for close cooperation between the
      hemophilia specialist, the general practitioner or pediatrician, and the
      hemophiliac.

PMID- 1215901
TI  - [Clinical use of factor IX concentrates].
AB  - Factor IX concentrates are of paramount importance in the treatment of hemophilia
      B. Growing reports of thromboembolic complications and of disseminated
      intravascular coagulation, coupled with the danger of hepatitis transmission,
      suggest that the concentrates should be primarily reserved for the treatment of
      hemophilia B. Concise guidelines for treatment are presented.

PMID- 1215902
TI  - [Emergency transport of newborn infants. Organization and experiences in the Bern
      region].
AB  - Mechanisms of cardiorespiratory adaptation to extrauterine life are reviewed and
      the pathophysiology of impaired adaptation is discussed. An emergency transport
      service for sick newborns in the region of Berne, Switzerland, is described. It
      is manned by a specialized team consisting of a pediatric resident trained in
      anesthesiology and a pediatric intensive care nurse, and in 1974 emergency
      transport was provided for 135 newborns. Most had respiratory distress and there
      was a large proportion of prematures; a further large group was made up of
      newborns with infections and congenital cardiopathies. Mortality among the
      transported newborns was 25% in the first two weeks of life. Transport was by
      helicopter on 8 occasions and otherwise by ambulance. The financial aspects of
      the service are discussed, together with its advantages and disadvantages.

PMID- 1215903
TI  - [The transmetacarpal oblique amputation of the index finger].
AB  - The main principles underlying amputation of the index finger are discussed. In
      two follow-up groups of patients the results have been compared of longest
      possible finger stump versus transmetacarpal amputation of the second ray.
      Measurements were made of rough power (Vigorimeter) and pinch-grip power
      (Intrinsicmeter, Mannerfelt). Both measurements revealed higher power in the
      group with transmetacarpal amputation. Rehabilitation was likewise more rapid and
      favourable. For pinch grip the resected index finger is replaced by the midfinger
      without difficulty. Rough power is not impaired by narrowing of the hand.
      Transmetacarpal amputation of the second ray is thus a procedure to be advocated.
      The "small amputation of the index finger" now in more common use often provides
      merely a useless stump.

PMID- 1215904
TI  - [Frequency of juvenile diabetes mellitus in the Canton Bern (Switzerland)].
AB  - The prevalence of juvenile diabetes in the under-20 age group was found to vary
      from 5.2 to 9.8 per 10 000 juvenile population in Canton of Bern (Switzerland),
      varying with the region. The overall prevalence was 5.9/10 000. There were twice
      as many juvenile diabetics in the mountain region than in the other two
      geographically different areas. The survey was carried out with the help of
      practitioners and chiefs of hospital services. Participation was close to 100%.

PMID- 1215905
TI  - [Creation of an intercantonal tumor register].
AB  - A population-based Cancer Registry is a permanent system which records all the
      malignant tumors occurring in a particular geographical area. Its main objective
      is to set up the basis for the establishment of statistics, either for practical
      use (cancer control) or for research. More than a hundred such registries exist
      nowadays throughout the world, and in Switzerland a number have been recently
      created or are in process of organization (cantons of Geneva, Neuchatel, Vaud,
      Zurich, Basel). A coordination group has accordingly been created to harmonize
      the data and the coding system, in order to allow the organization of an
      Intercantonal Registry.

PMID- 1215906
TI  - [Do we have to treat non-Hodgkin's lymphomas the same as Hodgkin's disease?].
AB  - The pattern of Hodgkin's disease has changed significantly with the use of
      radical radiotherapy (total nodal irradiation) and chemotherapy, and with the
      general adoption of the histological classification of LUKES and the Ann Arbor
      modification of Rye staging system. Histological classification of non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma is far from satisfactory, a fact which renders evaluation of the optimum
      treatment difficult. Spread is usually hematogenic. Bone marrow and mesenteric
      nodes are involved in 60% of cases, and therefore total nodal irradiation is
      ineffective in eradicating the disease. Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice
      except in some stages IE and IIE when, after careful pretherapy evaluation, local
      radiotherapy may be sufficient. In generalized lymphomas the role of total body
      irradiation is still under study.

PMID- 1215907
TI  - [Hepatitis epidemiology 1974. With special reference to the canton Zurich and the
      Upper Country of St. Galler].
AB  - 357 cases of acute hepatitis occurring in 1974 in two distinct areas of Eastern
      Switzerland have been analyzed. The incidence of hepatitis was 54,8 per 100 000
      per year in an urban region (Winterthur, pop approx. 95 000) and 33,7 per 100 000
      per year in a rural area (St. Galler-Oberland, pop 47 000). These figures are
      three to four times higher than those reported by the public health authorities.
      More than 50% of the hepatitis patients were 16-30 years old and only 3% were
      children below 15 years of age. Males were slightly in excess. HBSAg (Hepatis
      Bsurface-Antigen) was detectable by radioimmunoassay in 49% and anti-HBS alone in
      8% of all patients. According to a careful anamnestic survey the mode of
      transmission was thought to be parenteral in 137 (39%) of the patients (68% of
      these being HBSAg positive), enteral in 131 (38%) (38% of these being HBSAg
      positive), while no anamnestic clue was found in the remaining patients (23% with
      39% HBSAg positives). In 12% of the hepatitis cases, contact with other diseased
      individuals at the relevant time was recorded; however, no clusters of more than
      2 patients occurred within the study area. The results are discussed in regard to
      other studies concerning hepatitis epidemiology in Switzerland. In an additional
      survey the medical staff of several laboratories have been repeatedly tested for
      HBSAg and anti-HBS at intervals of one to three months. Transitory antigenemia
      (up to 55% positive in one laboratory with only one hepatitis case), and
      transitory high incidences of anti HBS (up to 40% in one laboratory) suggest
      epidemic spread of hepatitis B infection. From all available data it is estimated
      that the ratio of hepatitis B infection to overt disease varies between 1:1 and
      23:1 depending on the epidemiological situation.

PMID- 1215908
TI  - [The therapy of diabetic coma: quantitative value of insulin loss on the infusion
      instruments].
AB  - The loss of insulin due to adsorption to glass and tubing has been quantitatively
      determined. The properties of albumin, plasma protein, gelatin, heparin and
      Rheomacrodex in the prevention of insulin adsorption have been tested. The loss
      of insulin given by intravenous infusion is reproducible and constant for any
      given situation. The loss of insulin increases as the ratio of volume to glass
      surface decreases and as the time of contact between insulin and glass is
      prolonged. There is an almost linear relationship between insulin loss and
      insulin concentration, as would be expected if insulin binding by glass was an
      unspecific phenomenon. Albumin and plasma protein almost completely prevent
      insulin adsorption. In most clinical situations the loss of insulin through
      adsorption to glass and tubing can be ignored, and hence no albumin or plasma
      protein needs to be added to the solution.

PMID- 1215909
TI  - [Vitamin B 6 deficiency anemia].
AB  - The course of spontaneous vitamin B6 deficiency anemia in a 57-year-old woman is
      reported. The anemia was characterized by hypochromasia of the erythrocytes,
      hyperferricemia, absence of hemolysis, and hyperplastic, ineffective,
      sideroblastic erythropoiesis of the bone marrow. It was corrected by oral vitamin
      B6 therapy. On interruption of the vitamin B6 therapy the anemia relapsed. On
      resumption of vitamin B6 medication it responded again with normalization of the
      hemoglobin and erythrocytes values. The hematological remission could be
      maintained under longterm vitamin B6 medication. The nosological significant of
      this rare anemia and its differentiation from other forms of anemia are
      discussed.

PMID- 1215910
TI  - [Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a young woman following the use of ovulation
      inhibitors].
AB  - After prolonged intake of oral contraceptives a 28-year-old woman developed a
      hemolytic uremic syndrome with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, renal failure,
      malignant hypertension and blindness due to papillary congestion. Renal biopsy
      revealed widespread arteriolar alterations with massive intimal thickening,
      narrowing of the lumina and fibrinoid necrosis. During treatment with
      anticoagulation, antihypertensives and hemodialysis the hemolysis disappeared and
      vision improved, but the renal failure persisted. The possible relation between
      oral contraceptives and hemolytic uremic syndrome is mentioned and the literature
      is reviewed.

PMID- 1215911
TI  - [Study of a large family with hereditary angioneurotic edema].
AB  - A large kindred (156 members) with hereditary angioneurotic edema is reported. 44
      members of the family exhibit typical symptoms of the disease: recurring edemas
      of the skin and episodes of abdominal pain accompanied by vomiting due to mucosal
      edema in the stomach and intestine. In 32 patients complement studies were
      performed which in  28 cases revealed decreased levels of C1-inhibitor and almost
      normal values for C3 concentration. Among 21 members of the family who had never
      had symptoms of the disease, 7 also had low levels of C1-inhibitor. In 6 of 16
      women, attacks often occur in conjunction with menstruation. In 9 of 10 women the
      symptoms of the disease had worsened during their first pregnancy. 8 patients
      have been successfully treated with tranexamic acid for 7-20 months.

PMID- 1215912
TI  - [Palliative treatment of metastatic breast cancer with diethyldioxystilbene
      diphosphate (Honvan)].
AB  - 21 postmenopausal patients with skin or/and bone metastases of breast carcinoma
      received 100-120 mg daily diethyldioxystilbene diphosphate (Honvan) orally. 7
      objective remissions were observed, 8 tumors remained unchanged, and 6 were
      progressive. In 3 cases, rapid tumor progression was suggestive of estrogenic
      stimulation. Side effects were the same as for other estrogens.
      Diethyldioxystilbene disphosphate is an active estrogenic compound in the
      treatment of breast carcinoma.

PMID- 1215913
TI  - [The blunt pancreatic trauma].
AB  - A personal observation prompted study of the diagnosis and treatment of blunt
      trauma to pancreas. By comparison of the differing therapeutic approaches of
      various authors, an attempt was made to establish guidelines for optimal
      management of this lesion. Therapeutic considerations suggest a division of
      pancreas lesions into three groups: I. lesions to the left of the spine, II.
      lesions to the right of the spine, and III. ruptures of the neck. Each group
      calls for a different surgical procedure. Operative tactics involve three
      essential steps: 1. meticulous hemostasis, 2. management of the parenchymal
      lesion, and 3. efficient suction drainage.

PMID- 1215914
TI  - Proceedings: Echocardiology.
AB  - Any technique which allows "a look inside the body" without being invasive,
      affords major diagnostic possibilities. The application of ultrasound offers this
      possibility now. The purpose of this paper is to review the current status of
      this relatively new diagnostic method for the detection and quantification of
      many cardiac disorders and to outline its usefulness. It may be said that
      echocardiology offers "the ideal diagnostic method" of the future, particularly
      when one considers the low cost-benefit ratio in comparison with other diagnostic
      methods such as angiocardiography.

PMID- 1215915
TI  - [Epidemiology and clinical aspects of infectious endocarditis].
AB  - There has been a change in the epidemiological, etiological and clinical pattern
      of infective endocarditis. This changing pattern has been substantiated by
      comparison of 156 cases of infective endocarditis seen over the period 1947-1957
      (period I) and 227 cases treated during the period 1961-1974 (period II).
      Epidemiologically the pathomorphosis consists in a slight decline in "medical"
      cases, contrasted with a marked increase of--predominantly acute--cases after
      cardiac surgery. Etiologically the change is characterized mainly by a reduction
      of streptococci (61%/33%) and a much higher incidence of virulent organisms,
      especially staphylococci (3%/21%), as the infective agent. With regard to the
      clinical picture of infective endocarditis, the changing pattern is apparent in
      an increase in atypical and misleading features and an often oligosymptomatic
      presentation. In period II the classical signs were more often absent. The
      difference in the course of infective endocarditis consists in a higher hospital
      mortality during period II. In this period the main cause of death was refractory
      heart failure, often provoked by acute rupture of the aortic valve. The factors
      which may be responsible for this change and the clinical implications are
      discussed. The difficulties in early diagnosis and the role of misleading
      symptoms of this still "malignant" disease are outlined. Special interest is
      focused on the diagnostic problems involved in recognizing acute endocarditis,
      right-heart endocarditis and acute rupture of the aortic valve.

PMID- 1215916
TI  - [Proceedings: Chemotherapy of bacterial endocarditis].
AB  - The present concepts of antibiotic therapy in bacterial endocarditis are
      reviewed. Recommendations for the treatment of the most frequent pathogens --
      streptococci of the viridans group, enterococci, staphylococci -- and for unknown
      organisms are presented. Antimicrobial therapy directed against gramnegative
      organisms, especially of the pseudomonas group, and against anaerobic bacteria is
      briefly discussed. The presence of renal impairment calls for adjustment of
      dosage; relevant nomograms are published in the literature. Probenecid may be
      added to the antibiotic therapy to increase serum levels of penicillins and some
      cephalosporins, though a major drawback is its side effects. Clinical experience
      teaches that every recrudescence of bacterial endocarditis adds permanent damage
      to an already impaired valve. Hence  it is of utmost importance that the aim of
      antimicrobial therapy should be a 100% cure.

PMID- 1215917
TI  - [Proceedings: Surgical treatment of infectious endocarditis].
AB  - Surgical therapy of infective endocarditis can be undertaken as a prophylactic
      measure to avoid infection, e.g. in patent ductus arteriosus. In the majority of
      cases operations are done electively for correction of residual valvular defects
      ensuing on healed endocarditis. The most challenging problem is cardiac failure
      in the presence of active infection. While the surgical indication for life
      threatening failure is generally recognized, the necessity of early operation,
      i.e. for acute valvular insufficiency with only mild cardiac failure, is still
      controverted. Valve replacement to remove a valvular form refractory to
      antibiotic therapy is less frequently necessary. In fungal endocarditis surgical
      intervention is recommended as soon as the diagnosis is established. Seven
      personal cases operated on in the presence of active infection are presented. All
      survived, but in one patient with fungal endocarditis the infected valve had to
      be replaced three times before healing was achieved.

PMID- 1215918
TI  - [Proceedings: Right bundle-branch block without a wide split of the 2nd sound].
AB  - In a series of 38 complete right bundle branch blocks (RBBB) (17 "idiopathic" and
      21 cardiopathies), auscultation and phonocardiograms disclosed a normal split
      second heart sound (S2 = A2-P2 less than or equal to 0.045 sec) in 27 and a wide
      split S2 (A2-P2 greater than or equal to 0.06 sec) in only 11 cases. Analysis of
      the initial and terminal vectors constructed from ECGs recorded at 250 mm/sec
      shows no valid correlation between a transseptal mode of depolarization of the
      right ventricle and the presence of either a normal or wide split of the 2nd
      heart sound. A review of the mechanisms generating the 2nd sound and discussion
      of the additional factors which may influence the duration of A2-P2 in RBBB
      (start of activation, length and quality of right ventricular systole, impedance
      of pulmonary arterial bed, possible delay of 2nd aortic sound) explain why wide
      splitting of the 2nd sound in RBBB is the exception rather than the rule.

PMID- 1215919
TI  - [Proceedings: The evaluation of the mixed venous O2-saturation in the oxymetric
      determination of heart minute volume and shunt size].
AB  - An investigation has been conducted into three groups of patients without
      intracardiac shunt (A: 59 adults without anesthesia, B: 58 children in
      anesthesia, C: 53 children without anesthesia). Oxygen saturation in the
      pulmonary artery was plotted against saturation in both venae cavae or against
      saturation in only one of them. The resulting 9 equations can be used as formulas
      to calculate the saturation of mixed venous blood in patients with an
      intracardiac shunt. Furthermore, mixed venous saturation can be estimated from
      "subclavian catheter" blood samples in patients without shunt.

PMID- 1215920
TI  - [Proceedings: Quantification of mitral valve insufficiency by means of
      videodensitometric measurement of the amount of contrast media in
      angiocardiography].
AB  - A new indicator quantity principle is presented which permits estimation of the
      regurgitant fraction in mitral incompetence from left heart angiocardiography by
      videodensitometric measurement of contrast medium content in the left heart
      chambers. In 90 experiments on dogs, a linear correlation of r = 0.89 was
      established between simultaneous determinations of mitral regurgitation by
      videodensitometry and electromagnetic flow measurement. Since only 1 catheter is
      needed for the injection of contrast medium and concomitant aortic incompetence
      can be computed from the same videodensitograms, this method is considered to be
      of special interest in clinical heart catheterization.

PMID- 1215921
TI  - [Proceedings: Determination of the severity of aortic insufficiency with pulsed
      Doppler-ultrasound in the common carotid artery].
AB  - The severity of aortic incompetence can be assessed by quantifying the alteration
      of blood flow in the common carotid artery. The use of a pulsed multichannel
      ultrasonic Doppler device in 41 patients with aortic valve disease yielded a
      satisfactory correlation between the ultrasonic parameters and the maximal aortic
      regurgitation distance. Correlations between Doppler parameters and regurgitation
      (thermodilution) were less strict.

PMID- 1215922
TI  - [Proceedings: The echocardiogram in the differential diagnosis of mitral valve
      insufficiency].
AB  - 54 patients with mitral incompetence of varying origin have been studied by
      echocardiography. Echocardiography was usually not helpful in the diagnosis of
      pure mitral incompetence of mixed mitral valve lesions. However, it proved to be
      a sensitive method for recognition of the typical anomaly in "mid systolic
      click/late systolic murmur syndrome", which is ballooning of one or both leaflets
      toward the left atrium (17 out of 22 patients). The echo was equally useful for
      documentation of an abnormal systolic motion of the anterior mitral leaflet
      toward the septum, which was found in 7 of the 11 studied cases of hypertrophic
      obstructive cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1215923
TI  - [Proceedings: Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate during the development of
      myocardial infarct. Concerning 118 cases].
AB  - In four groups of patients with myocardial infarction the increase of 2.3-DPG
      concentration in erythrocyte was important when complications appeared during the
      evolution or when the patients died.

PMID- 1215924
TI  - [Proceedings: Early mobilization after myocardial infarct--late results].
AB  - The longterm effects of early mobilization after myocardial infarction (MI) have
      been investigated. 122 patients aged under 65 years were reexamined 84.6 +/- 24
      weeks after MI. The physical work capacity (PWC) of these men was 22% below the
      normal value. Patients with angina pectoris after MI had a PWC only 45% of
      normal. The overwhelming majority (88%) of MI survivors had returned to their
      jobs by the end of the follow-up period. Of the conventionally treated patients
      only 70% had returned to work. Age, PWC after MI and psychological status
      critically influence the rapidity and rate of return to work after MI.

PMID- 1215925
TI  - [Proceedings: Cor triatriatum in an adult].
AB  - Case report on successful open heart surgery in a 21-year-old male with cor
      triatriatum.

PMID- 1215926
TI  - [Proceedings: Results of the surgical treatment of valvulopathies and ischemic
      heart disease in patients older than 65 years].
AB  - 53 patients aged from 65 to 76 years underwent surgery for valvulopathies (23
      patients), atherosclerotic heart disease (24 patients) or both diseases combined
      (6 patients). All these cases were in NYHA fonctional classes III and IV except
      for one patient in class II. Hospital mortality after surgical treatment of these
      cardiopathies was 3.8% (2 deaths). The late mortality of 19% (10 deaths), though
      high, was of non-cardiac origin in 7 of these patients. The clinical and
      hemodynamic findings in the two patients who died in the postoperative period
      were compared with those in the others. These two patients were more severely ill
      and had a greater degree of cardiomegaly than the average patient in the
      surviving group. The satisfactory clinical improvement in these elderly cardiac
      patients suggests that surgery can be recommended at least up to 75 years of age
      if there are no obvious contraindications. Life expectancy of 13-16 years for
      patients aged 65 and 8-9 years for patients aged 75 is a further reason for
      advocating surgical intervention.

PMID- 1215928
TI  - [Proceedings: The effect of volume manipulation (bloodletting or dextran
      administration) on pressure in the pulmonary circulation and on the hematocrit].
AB  - In a clinical survey the respective effects have been compared of venesection and
      of hypervolemic hemodilution on hematocrit and pressure in the pulmonary
      circulation. Whereas after venesection the pressure in the pulmonary circulation
      and the hematocrit decrease slightly, infusion of 1000 ml Macrodex is followed by
      marked hemodilution and a distinct increase in pressure in the pulmonary
      circulation.

PMID- 1215927
TI  - [Proceedings: The effect of beta receptor treatment with pindolol on the plasma
      renin activity and the left-ventricular dynamics in essential hypertension].
AB  - In 5 volunteers with essential hypertension (age between 32 and 48 years) plasma
      renin activity (PRA) was determined and right heart catheterization and femoral
      artery pressure measurements were carried out at rest and during isometric
      exercise by handgrip. Both investigations were repeated 88 to 98 days after
      continuous treatment with oral pindolol in increasing doses, the highest dose in
      all patients amounting to 45 mg/day. Following pindolol therapy arterial systolic
      cuff pressure decreased from 163 +/- 12 (1 SD) to 148 +/- 14 mm Hg (p less than
      0,005). Diastolic cuff pressure decreased slightly but not significantly from 109
      +/- 13 to 106 +/- 9 mm Hg. PRA varied in an inconsistent manner. Pulmonary
      capillary pressure (PCP), femoral artery mean pressure (FAM), cardiac output (CO)
      and systemic vascular resistance did not change significantly during treatment
      with pindolol. Stressing of the left ventricle by handgrip prior to and following
      pindolol elicited similar changes of heart rate, FAM, PCP, CO and stroke work. It
      is concluded (1) that pindolol produces only a small decrease in systolic cuff
      pressure, (2) that there is no correlation between changes in cuff pressure and
      PRA, and (3) that long-term treatment with pindolol is not accompanied by
      impairment of left ventricular function either at rest or during isometric
      exercise.

PMID- 1215929
TI  - [Proceedings: Frequency and form of arrhythmia and changes in ECG in juvenile
      healthy volunteers. Studies with long-term electrocardiography].
AB  - In 35 healthy volunteers with a mean age of 24 years an ECG recording for
      detection of arrhythmias and ECG changes was made by means of a Holter Avionics
      tape recording system for an average of 7.5 h. Ventricular and supraventricular
      premature contractions (VPC'S, APCs) were recorded occasionally in 31% and with
      greater frequency in 6%. Multifocal VPCs and serial VPCs were found in one person
      (3%). ST-depressions of greater than or equal to 0.1 mV were seen in 9% and a
      wandering atrial pacemaker in a further 9%. An intermittent increase in P-wave
      amplitude (greater than or equal to 0.25 mV) was observed in 17%. A surprising
      finding was frequent (49%) recording of a sinus arrest of short duration, usually
      followed by an atrial escape rhythm. In view of the frequency of this phenomenon
      it must be accepted as a normal variant in young people.

PMID- 1215930
TI  - [Proceedings: Studies on myocardial perfusion by means of marked particles,
      injected selectively into the coronary system: an aid in preoperative evaluation
      of patients with coronary sclerosis].
AB  - Myocardial color scintigraphy using macroaggregates labeled with 99mTc and 131I
      were performed in patients with coronary heart disease. The particles were
      injected selectively into the coronary arteries. The scintigram was obtained
      using a color coded display system. The channel with the maximum counts was
      assigned the color red and each 10% change resulted in a different color. A count
      rate below 40% of the maximum was considered inadequate. 80 patients undergoing
      coronary surgery were evaluated postoperatively. Postoperative ventriculography
      documented improved contractions in 34 of 40 ventricular segments (85%) in which
      preoperatively an adequate perfusion was observed, whereas in only 13 out of 42
      segments with preoperatively inadequate perfusion was an improvement in
      ventricular contractility observed.

PMID- 1215931
TI  - [Proceedings: Diagnostic value of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in coronary
      sclerosis].
AB  - Perfusion scintigrams with Technetium-labeled microspheres were performed in 60
      patients undergoing selective coronary angiography. The scintigrams were analyzed
      semiquantitatively with the aid of a computer. In addition, angiograms were
      quantitated with regard to proximal obstructions as well as regional wall changes
      of the left ventricle (VCF). RESULTS: 1. A reduction of scintigraphic activity
      was already seen in narrowings of lesser degrees (50%); 2. scintigraphic activity
      followed the degree of obstruction rather than the contraction abnormality.
      Perfusion scintigrams are helpful in selecting patients for revascularization.

PMID- 1215932
TI  - [Proceedings: Evaluation of the hemodynamic condition during the recuperative
      phase after the diagnostic isoproterenol test in a patient with coronary
      disease].
AB  - Previous investigations concerning isoproterenol infusion (PI) in the diagnosis
      of myocardial ischemia have shown that ischemic ECG changes are only significant
      if they persist or appear after discontinuing PI. In an effort to explain the
      mechanisms of this delayed response, hemodynamic parameters were measured in 10
      patients with angiographically proven coronary disease before, during and after
      PI. It was found that the principal determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption
      (TTI and contractility) remain significantly elevated in the recuperation phase,
      but that aortic pressure and systemic arterial resistance, which diminish during
      PI, return to pre-infusion levels immediately after halting PI. The combined
      effects favor the late appearance of ischemic changes in the ECG. The coronary
      vasodilatation with resultant increased oxygen delivery to the myocardium seen
      during PI may be sufficient to meet the increased myocardial oxygen demand during
      PI but disappears immediately if PI is discontinued.

PMID- 1215933
TI  - [Proceedings: Clinical aspects, hemodynamics and successful surgical
      rehabilitation of chronic constrictive uremic pericarditis].

PMID- 1215934
TI  - [Proceedings: Relaxation speed in the apex cardiogram. Comparison with criteria
      of myocardial function on the simultaneously registered left ventricular
      pressure].
AB  - A new apexcardiographic time parameter is described which is definable as the
      interval between the beginning of the aortic component of the second heart sound
      and the protodiastolic negative peak of the first derivative of the
      apexcardiogram and called A2-min dA/dt. There was a significant inverse
      correlation between the parameter in question and the simultaneous minimal and
      maximal rate of rise of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure in 20
      patients (r = -0.79, p less than 0.001, r = -0.60, p less than 0.01
      respectively).

PMID- 1215935
TI  - [Proceedings: Left ventricular cineangiography and echocardiography in patients
      with the mesosystolic click-telesystolic sound syndrome].
AB  - Twenty-three patients with the syndrome of midsystolic click--late systolic
      murmur were investigated by right and left heart catheterization, cineangiography
      and echocardiography. Most of the patients had symptoms such as atypical chest
      pain and arrhythmias. Except in one patient, slight to moderate mitral
      incompetence was found at rest or during stress testing by infusion of aramine or
      rapid atrial pacing (2 patients). In all cases, an abnormal systolic mitral valve
      motion was found in left ventricular cineangiography. In 14 of 15 technically
      satisfactory echocardiograms a systolic prolapse of one or both mitral leaflets
      was observed. A minority of the patients had localized abnormal wall motion in
      the postero-basal area or moderate generalized hypokinesis.

PMID- 1215936
TI  - [Proceedings: The specific ECG of the mesosystolic click-telesystolic murmur
      syndrome (So-called subvalvular mitral insufficiency). Zaziwil study. III].
AB  - For the diagnosis of small ischemic areas of the posterior wall of the heart, and
      particularly in the papillary muscles of the left ventricle, the 12 standard
      leads of the ECG are insufficient. The leads of Nehb and especially the new
      unipolar lead a VH (of the dorsal Nehb point D but with switch scheme of
      Goldberger) will be found more helpful. In all 33 patients with the clinical
      findings of midsystolic click--late systolic murmur syndrome a negative T in lead
      aVH was found; only 9 patients also showed ischemic signs in lead D of Nehb and
      only 6 patients in standard leads as well. These findings suggest that the
      midsystolic click--late systolic murmur syndrome is always caused by a papillary
      muscle lesion, even in young patients. A negative T in lead aVH (isolated or
      combined with signs of ischemic alterations on other leads) appears to point to
      the existence of a papillary muscle defect, even with a normal auscultatory
      finding. In this case the lesion will be too small to cause papillary muscle
      dysfunction. Usually, however, the typical auscultatory finding will be
      subvalvular mitral insufficiency (i.e. midsystolic click--late systolic murmur or
      a murmur called "pa-futt" by Huchard, in our opinion the same finding). In view
      of the fact that papillary muscles are vascularized by the finest ends of the
      coronary arteries, it seems obvious that a negative T in lead aVH could also
      signify the beginning of coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1215937
TI  - [Proceedings: Surgical closure of an atrial septal defect in a patient of over 40
      years of age].
AB  - Between 1961 and 1972, 354 patients with atrial septal defect were treated
      surgically. Of these, 80 patients were aged over 40 years at the time of
      operation. The hospital mortality was 5%; 2 patients had increased preoperative
      pulmonary artery systolic pressure (50-75 mm Hg), while the other 2 had mitral or
      tricuspid incompetence. At late follow-up 82% of patients were free of symptoms
      and 18% had slight clinical signs of breathlessness on exertion. The heart size
      decreased in 37 of 10 patients, the electrocardiographic signs of right
      ventricular hypertrophy receded in 23 patients. The operation had no effect on
      preexisting dysrhythmias. It is concluded that patients with atrial septal defect
      in this age group benefit from surgical closure of the defect.

PMID- 1215938
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimental hemodynamic comparison of propranolol and oxprenolol].
AB  - In anesthetized dogs, differences in the haemodynamic effects of propranolol and
      oxprenolol were observed during normoxia, hypercapnia and hypoxia. These
      differences are presumably due to the sympathomimetic activity of oxprenolol.

PMID- 1215939
TI  - [Proceedings: Animal experimental studies on the effect of revascularizing
      measures following acute coronary obstruction].
AB  - In a comparative study the degree of myocardial damage has been estimated
      following one hour coronary occlusion and following a permanent coronary ligation
      in pigs. With regard to infarct size, no significant difference could be detected
      between the two experimental groups; the extent of cellular injury as determined
      by a histochemical staining procedure and by serial serum enzyme studies in the
      surviving animal is of equivalent degree. Nevertheless, the development of a
      ventricular aneurysm can be prevented by early reperfusion. Reestablishment of
      coronary circulation appears to accelerate the proliferation of a more resistant
      granulation tissue into the infarcted myocardial area. Our hemodynamic findings
      suggest that the effect of reperfusion is unfavourable in the immediate phase;
      later on, however, coronary reperfusion appears to be beneficial to cardiac
      function.

PMID- 1215940
TI  - [Proceedings: Results of early surgery in infectious endocarditis].
AB  - 23 patients with infective endocarditis have been treated surgically during the
      period 1965 to 1975. 20 patients underwent operation for intractable heart
      failure, complicated in 4 instances by systemic embolization and in 4 others by
      intractable infection. Two patients were operated upon only for intractable
      infection and one patient for severe hemolysis. There were 5 early deaths within
      12 days and 2 late deaths 2 and 21 months after operation. Four months to 9 1/2
      years after operation 16 patients were alive, only one of whom had mild heart
      failure. The best prognosis (1 death) was apparent in the 12 patients who
      underwent operation for intractable heart failure only.

PMID- 1215942
TI  - [Korsakoff's syndrome and transitory cortical blindness following vetebral
      angiography].
AB  - Neurological complications of vertebral angiography are described with particular
      emphasis on memory and visual deficits. The material consists of 21 instances of
      such complications out of a total of 832 vertebral angiographies. A brief account
      is given of the posterior cerebral artery territory, which makes it possible to
      establish anatomo-clinical correlations. The pathogeny of the disorder is
      discussed.

PMID- 1215941
TI  - [Lymphoproliferative diseases and paraproteinemias in Sjogren's syndrome].
AB  - Out of 8 cases of Sjorgren's syndrome observed by the authors between 1964 and
      1974, 5 presented wit clinically as well as theoretically remarkable combinations
      of Sjogren's syndrome with lymphoproliferative disorders i.e. non-classifiable
      lymphoproliferative disease (case 1), Hodgkin's disease (case 2), reticulum cell
      sarcoma (case 3), and asymptomatic paraproteinemia of type IgM/K (cases 4 and 5).
      In case 1, manifestation of a lymphoproliferative disorder was preceded by
      autoimmune hemolytic anemia. In agreement with communications from several other
      authors, our observations confirmed the frequent occurrence of autoantibodies in
      patients with Sjorgren's syndrome. Forty-two more cases of lymphoproliferative
      disease in Sjogren's syndrome were found in the literature (Table 4).
      Pathologenetic problems arising from these nosological combinations are
      discussed.

PMID- 1215943
TI  - [Heparin in intravascular coagulation].
AB  - 1. The diagnostic criteria of intravascular coagulation are critically reviewed.
      Before a potentially dangerous drug is administered, the diagnosis should be more
      securely established than has been the case in the past. In particular,
      fibrinogen loss from the circulation must be excluded whenever this protein shows
      unduly rapid rapid disappearance from the blood. 2. Even when the diagnosis is
      firmly secured, advocacy of heparin therapy should not be based on theoretical
      considerations or on the huge amount of accumulated case reports but on figures
      derived from controlled clinical trials, the essential data being nortality and
      bleeding complications and not the course of laboratory pattern.

PMID- 1215944
TI  - [The scimitar syndrome: abnormal venous drainage of the hypoplastic right lung
      into the inferior vena cava in dextroposition of the heart].
AB  - Report on a 28-year-old female patient with classic "scimitar syndrome"
      (dextroposition of the heart, hypoplasia of the right lung and pulmonary veins
      opening into the inferior vena cava). The condition was diagnosed on the basis of
      chest X-ray findings in which the most striking feature was the scimitar-like
      course of the right pulmonary veins which gives the syndrome its name. The
      diagnosis was confirmed and the shunt volume determined by cardiac
      catheterization. Since in this case there were no additional deformities such as
      atrial septum defect, ventricular septum defect or patent ductus botalli and the
      shunt volume was small, surgical correction was not required.

PMID- 1215945
TI  - [Successful treatment of a severe drowning accident after 20 minutes submersion].
AB  - Report on successful post-drowning cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a 2-year-old
      boy who had lain for 20 min in cold water at 5-7 degrees C. Because of severe
      pulmonary complications after primary resuscitation--e.g. pulmonary edema,
      repeated mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema, pneumoperitoneum and bilateral
      pneumothorax--spontaneous respiration remained insufficient for 36 days. Under
      appropriate treatment the patient recovered completely except for slight muscular
      hypotrophy of the left thigh. 14 months after the submersion no other
      neurological or pulmonary sequelae could be detected.

PMID- 1215946
TI  - [Evaluation of load tolerance in patients with coronary disease].
AB  - 12 patients with the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris
      underwent evaluation of heart rate as an indicator of tolerance of a given work
      load. A floating catheter in a pulmonary artery and a peripheral arterial
      catheter permitted measurement of blood pressures. Oxygen uptake per minute (VO2)
      was measured by Douglas bags and oxygen content of arterial and mixed-venous
      blood was determined at rest and during each minute of submaximal and symptom
      limited maximal exercise on a treadmill. In the minute of exercise, in which 60
      80% (mean 71.3%) of maximal heart rate (HF max) were attained, VO2 averaged 60.3%
      VO2 max, cardiac output (Q) 72.5% Q max and mean pulmonary arterial pressure
      (PAP) 26.6 mm Hg. With one exception, Q leveled off or dropped in the last
      minutes of exercise beyond 85% HF max. Heart rate (HF), oxygen difference between
      arterial and mixed venous blood (DavO2) and PAP reached their highest values in
      the last minute. It is suggested that heart rates up to 70% HF max, as
      individually determined in a symptom-limited maximal exercise test, are the
      tolerable limit during occupational activities. 85% HF max should not be exceeded
      during exercise training. Left ventricular function may be impaired beyond that
      limit because of acute coronary or myocardial insufficiency, and the regulation
      of cardiac output becomes uneconomical.

PMID- 1215948
TI  - [Modifications in the geometry of the alveolar capillaries and their role in the
      ventilation-perfusion ratio].
AB  - Alveolar capillary bed corresponds to a continuous space delimited at each side
      by the thin portion of the air/blood barrier. The thick portion crosses this
      space and constitutes structures referred to as "pillars". While the capillary
      space appears more or less regular in inflated rat lungs, it resembles a
      labyrinth in collapsed lungs. Such a change is due to the folding of the thin
      portion of the barrier into the capillary space. Another mechanism involved in
      the folding of alveolo-capillary membrane is the contraction of alveolar
      interstitial cells. Experimentally, hypoxia seems to stimulate these cells and to
      produce folding of the air/blood barrier. We have shown that the alveolar
      hematocrite increases in rat lungs when the animals are exposed to 4% O2 for 20
      min. This increase is probably due to the trapping of red blood cells in the
      capillary spaces as a result of folding of the air/blood barrier. It is concluded
      that the relationships between alveolar and capillary configuration is an
      important factor in the autoregulation of V/Q ratio. The decrease in alveolar
      perfusion in collapsed areas and during hypoxia is due to the interference of
      alveolo-capillary membrane folds with the corpuscular circulation.

PMID- 1215947
TI  - [The pharmacokinetics of doxycycline in kidney insufficiency in geriatric
      patients compared to younger adults].
AB  - In young adults i.v. injection of 200 mg doxycycline was followed by a rapid fall
      in serum levels in the first 30 minutes and than a slow decrease (serum
      concentration after 24 h on average 1.0 mug/ml). Biological half-life was 11.9 h,
      final distribution volume 50.0 litres and urine recovery 70%. After oral
      administration of 200 mg doxycycline the serum peaks measured were 3.4 mug/ml (2
      1/2 h later). With repeated doses of 100 mg every 24 h serum peaks were 2.8
      mug/ml and serum concentrations after 24 h 0.8-0.9 mug/ml (urine recovery 43%).
      The area under the curve was 25.5% less than after i.v. injection. In 7 adults
      with chronic renal failure the half-life of doxycycline varied between 10 and 24
      h. With repeated oral administration of doxycycline (100 mg every 24 h) there was
      no accumulation of the drug in blood. During hemodialysis (Stuttgart kidneys,
      Rhone-Poulenc plates) doxycycline injected i.v. was eliminated as rapidly as
      before. In renal failure doxycycline may be given in the same dosage as where
      renal function is normal. In 12 geriatric patients without renal disease, serum
      levels of doxycycline after i.v. injection of 200 mg were not significantly
      different from those of young adults (distribution volume 46.2 +/- 16.2 litres).
      It can therefore be assumed that tissue penetration of the drug is similar in the
      elderly and in young adults.

PMID- 1215949
TI  - [Isolated endangiitis of the lung].
AB  - A case is reported of isolated endangiitis obliterans with interstitial fibrosis
      of the lung in a 44-year-old woman. It was characterized by rapid clinical
      progress with right heart failure: chest X-ray revealed only slight interstitial
      fibrosis of the lung. An exogenous noxa (by inhalation or ingestion, particularly
      of drugs) was ruled out. Histologic findings afforded evidence of a primary
      pathologic process involving the medium and small arteries of the lung. There was
      no evidence of primary multiple emboli of the lung.

PMID- 1215950
TI  - [Sputum conversion and behavior of cavitations in the years 1967-1973].
AB  - The results of chemotherapy based on an intersanatorial study of 3306 patients
      with active pulmonary tuberculosis are presented. In 1967 sputum conversion was
      achieved in 93%; since 1970 the results have been better, with conversion in 96
      97%. From 1967 to 1972 the cavitations disappeared in 51-57% of patients with
      cavitary disease, but in 1972 and 1973 only in 47% and 36% respectively.

PMID- 1215951
TI  - [Low hemoglobin values in blood donors].
AB  - Out of 6000 regular blood donors at a regional blood donation service 135 women
      (5.44%) and 24 men (0.68%) were found to have low hemoglobin levels (borderline
      for females 12.4 g%, for males 13.2g%). In only half of these donors could the
      anemia be ascribed to iron deficiency or overt disease. In the other half no
      explanation was found for the low hemoglobin levels and iron therapy did not
      improve the situation. It is concluded that a small part of the healthy
      population persistently shows subnormal hemoglobin levels without presenting
      other pathology.

PMID- 1215952
TI  - [The lung and the metabolism of vasoactive substances].
AB  - The lung is the site of a number of reactions affecting vasoactive substances:
      hydrolysis of angiotensin I, bradykinin and ATP, occurring at the surface of
      endothelial cell; uptake and intracellular metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine and
      norepinephrine; and intracellular oxidation of prostaglandins. Mediators,
      including prostaglandins, histamine and SRS-A (slow reacting substance of
      anaphylaxis), can also be released from the lung. The possible implications of
      these recent findings are analysed.

PMID- 1215953
TI  - [The effect of combined respiration physiological measures on pulmonary gas
      exchange and ventilation].
AB  - The immediate effect of physiotherapy and the effect of IPPB-inhalations in 18
      patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and global respiratory failure
      have been investigated and discussed. The procedures (physiotherapy or IPPB
      inhalations) were tested singly and in combination. Better results are obtained
      when physiotherapy is performed before IPPB-inhalation. A significant decrease in
      pCO2 and a significant rise in VC and FEV1 are observed, with unchanged pO2.

PMID- 1215954
TI  - [Pathogenesis of renal hypertension].
AB  - Current pathogenetic concepts regarding renal hypertension are reviewed.
      Alterations of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAA) on the one hand,
      and disturbances of NaCl and water metabolism on the other, represent the
      dominant factors in renal hypertension. The present view of the reactions within
      the RAA system and of its activators, inhibitors or antagonists is described
      schematically. The angiotensin II-antagonist 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II
      (Saralasin), when infused in a patient with angiotensinogenic hypertension,
      induces normalization of the blood pressure during the course of the infusion.
      The Saralasin infusion test may be of assistance in detecting cases with
      angiotensinogenic hypertension. The pressor(s) and the extracellular fluid volume
      appear to be the decisive pathogenetic factors in renal hypertension. As long as
      the functioning renal mass is sufficient to excrete water and salt normally or in
      excess, as is the case when the renal perfusion pressure in hypertension is
      elevated, the pressor is the dominating factor besides other, so far hypothetical
      mechanism such as the neurogenic. A critical reduction of the renal mass will
      enhance fluid and salt retention. Thus, an increase in extracellular fluid volume
      and blood volume will emerge as a major factor inducing hypertension. As a
      consequence of the volume gain and salt retention, renin secretion may slow down.
      The possibility is mentioned that the absence or ineffectiveness of renal
      depressor substances (prostaglandins) may be involved in renal hypertension.
      Finally, two hypotheses are presented which may explain the finding of LARAGH et
      al., who grouped their essential hypertensives into 'high, normal and low renin
      hypertensives'.

PMID- 1215955
TI  - [The function of the diseased kidney].
AB  - A few years ago the kidney in chronic renal failure was described as a mass of
      tissue "without significance, vanishing into the disparity of thousands of
      fantastically altered organs of strange design and anomalous behaviour". In order
      to refute this opinion, some of the morphological and pathophysiological evidence
      is summarized which points to the fact that even in chronic renal failure the
      remaining nephrons that contribute to renal function behave as a rather
      homogeneous population characterized by appropriate adaptations of glomerular and
      tubular functions and by a persistent responsiveness to the changing needs of the
      patient.

PMID- 1215956
TI  - [Renal osteopathy].
AB  - Bone histology and biochemical data indicate that hyperparathyroidism and
      abnormal metabolism of vitamin D are hallmarks of renal osteodystrophy. Early
      diagnosis is possible by means of bone biopsy. The clinical signs of renal bone
      disease include extraskeletal calcifications. Persistence of disease during
      hemodialysis treatment calls for treatment even of asymptomatic patients. Vitamin
      D3 and its metabolites or analogs play an important role in the suppression of
      hyperparathyreoidism and in combating osteomalacia.

PMID- 1215957
TI  - [Clinical application of the radioimmunological measurement of the antidiuretic
      hormone].
AB  - A radioimmunoassay specific for arginine-vasopressin (AVP) developed in recent
      years has been applied to measurement of urinary AVP during physiological and
      clinical studies. Daily excretion of AVP was 34 +/- 10 ng (mean +/- SD) in 17
      female normals and 69 +/- 45 ng in 17 male normals, this being a significant
      difference (p less than 0.01). After osmolar load (Carter-Robbins test) hourly
      excretion of AVP increased significantly in 7 males from 1.3 to 3.1 ng/h and in 6
      females from 1.7 to 6.5 ng/h. Again the difference between male and female
      normals was significant. In both sexes a significant correlation between AVP
      excretion and either plasma osmolality or free-water clearance was found. When
      the osmolar load test was performed under constant angiotensin II perfusion in
      male subjects, their AVP excretion was significantly more elevated; this
      confirmed in man the hypothesis that angiotensin II is a stimulus to AVP
      secretion. Preliminary results of AVP excretion and response to osmolar load in
      diabetes insipidus are reported. Exceedingly high rate of excretion of AVP up to
      55 330 ng/24 h have been found in cases of bronchial carcinoma with dilutional
      hyponatremia.

PMID- 1215959
TI  - [The euthyreotic hypotriiodothyroninemia].
AB  - In 33 patients with various, mainly severe diseases a subnormal triiodothyronine
      concentration (T3) and a normal thyroxin concentration (T4) were found. In
      addition to T3 and T4, the plasma TSH levels and T3 binding capacity were
      determined. In no case did the patient's history or clinical findings afford
      evidence of hypothyroidism. Diminished conversion of T4 to T3 is discussed as a
      possible cause of the inappropriately depressed T3 levels.

PMID- 1215958
TI  - [Primary aldosteronism: diagnosis, laterality and regulation of hormone
      secretion].
AB  - In 16 patients with hypokalemic hypertension the combination of abnormally high
      and unsuppressible plasma aldosterone with low or undetectable renin activity led
      to the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. To differentiate between aldosterone
      producing adenoma and idiopathic bilateral hyperplasia, determination of
      aldosterone concentration in both adrenal veins was performed in 12 patients. In
      4 of these patients the two forms of primary aldosteronism could not be
      differentiated as in these cases only one of the two adrenal veins simultaneously
      showing an abnormally high aldosterone concentration could be canulated. Plasma
      aldosterone and plasma cortisol were determined overnight (20.00-8.00 h) at short
      time intervals in 8 patients with adenoma, 1 patient with carcinoma of the
      adrenal cortex and 3 patients with bilateral hyperplasis. In all patients with
      adenoma a significant correlation between aldosterone and cortisol was observed
      (p less than 0.05-0.001) whereas no correlation was seen in the patients with
      hyperplasia and carcinoma. The clinical importance of these findings is that in
      the presence of ACTH-dependent secretion of aldosterone the site of the adenoma
      can be predicted even when blood from only one adrenal vein is obtained.

PMID- 1215960
TI  - [Treatment of Paget's disease with phosphonates].
AB  - A group of 22 patients with Paget's disease of bone was treated with a
      diphosphonate (sodium etidronate; EHDP), a stable synthetic analogue of inorganic
      pyrophosphate. This substance was given during 3 months at the dose of 20 mg/kg
      body weight per day, and proved effective by reducing the raised urinary
      excretion of total hydroxyproline and by lowering the concentration of serum
      alcaline phosphatase. It also improved the disease-related osteo-articular pain
      in 60% of the patients. A rise in serum phosphate under EHDP therapy is due to
      the increase in renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Bone histology showed
      regression of disease activity and the appearance of lamellar structure in newly
      formed bone. Because of a transient increase of the amount of uncalcified
      osteoid, it is advisable to give the diphosphonate in courses not over 3 months
      or at a reduced daily dose.

PMID- 1215961
TI  - [Treatment of the painful Paget's disease of the pelvis with salmon calcitonin in
      ambulant care. Studies in 2 cases during 26 and 19 months respectively].
AB  - Two patients with Paget's disease of the bones have been treated with salmon
      calcitonin for periods of 19 and 26 months. The results are good.

PMID- 1215962
TI  - [Factors that intervene in adverse drug reactions].
AB  - Drug prescriptions and adverse reactions occurring during 2 periods of 3 months
      in a department of medicine were analyzed by computer programs. Among 148
      reactions suspected, 130 were considered definite or probable by one physician
      (1.6 reaction per 100 drug prescriptions). The patients who suffered from an
      adverse reaction were older, were hospitalized for a longer period of time and
      received more drugs than the others. The data were submitted to two physicians
      who were asked to determine the degree of probability of each reaction
      independently. There were many discrepancies between physicians' judgements (52%
      of the reactions) if one of them had a brief summary of the case history and the
      other had all the data available. The discrepancies were far fewer (18.1%) if
      both physicians had all the data available, and were due to the drug(s) suspected
      (8.8%) or to the influence of the disease (9.3%).

PMID- 1215963
TI  - [Thrombosis of the suprahepatic veins (Budd-Chiari syndrome) and polycythemia. A
      propos of 1 case].
AB  - A case is described of Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with polyglobulism in a 31
      year-old subject. The connexion between Budd-Chiari syndrome and polyglobulism as
      a secondary symptom or a sign of a myeloproliferative syndrome is discussed.

PMID- 1215964
TI  - [Pleural effusion: a symptom of acute and chronic hepatitis].
AB  - 3 cases of acute and 2 of chronic aggressive hepatitis associated with pleural
      effusion are presented. Pleural effusion in this setting is a rarity and always
      occurs in the early phase of acute hepatitis or during exacerbations of chronic
      aggressive hepatitis. It disappears with normalization of liver function tests.
      The exudate is rich in protein (3-4 g %) and contains lymphocytes as well as
      erythrocytes. In 2 cases Australia-antigen (HBs) could be documented. An
      immunological mechanism is suggested.

PMID- 1215966
TI  - [Evaluation of the Lundh test in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreas
      insufficiency].
AB  - The results of 611 Lundh-tests performed on 546 patients over a period of 4 1/2
      years have been evaluated. The test was highly reliable in the diagnosis of
      exocrine pancreatic deficiency. False-normal results were seen in 2.04% and false
      abnormal in 3%. The test does not differentiate between chronic pancreatitis and
      carcinoma. Extrapancreatic factors depressing duodenal tryptic activity are
      discussed.

PMID- 1215965
TI  - [First experiences with a new oral human pancreas function test with special
      emphasis on gastric voiding].
AB  - 1 g of N--benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-PABA was administered orally to 50 test persons, i.e.
      controls and patients with known pancreatic disease. In the presence of
      chymotrypsin, paraaminobenzoic acid (PABA) is split from the peptide and excreted
      in the urine. The amount of PABA excreted serves as parameter of exocrine
      pancreatic function. In the control group a mean of 59.2 +/- 6.2% of the peptide
      PABA was excreted over a period of 6 h. PABA excretion in exocrine pancreatic
      deficiency was significantly less (p less than 0.001) than in controls. No
      overlap of data was noted. Gastric emptying rate - estimated by using indium-113m
      microcolloid - did not appear to influence urinary PABA excretion.

PMID- 1215967
TI  - [Treatment of ascites by ultrafiltration and reinjection of the proteins].
AB  - Report on 14 cases of ascites resistant to conservative treatment such as
      saltless diet, diuretics including spironolactone, and bedrest. 12 cases were due
      to alcoholic cirrhosis and a further 2 had malignant tumors (1 hepatoma, 1
      adenocarcinoma of the pancreas). 14 patients underwent dialysis in which, after
      puncture of the ascites, the proteins are concentrated by filtration and then
      reinjected into the circulation. 16 dialyses were performed and all were well
      tolerated except in one alcoholic woman in very poor general condition who died
      from acute pulmonary edema. No significant clinical complications or technical
      problems were encountered. The dialysis-reinjection time lasted 3-28 h and the
      bodyweights diminished by 2.4-17 kg. Plasma volume, renal output and urinary
      concentration of electrolytes (Na) increased during dialysis. In 6 cases these
      effects persisted with spironolactone and low salt diet only, probably because of
      better renal perfusion and re-established sensitivity to the diuretic treatment.
      One year follow up revealed 4 cases out of 13 without relapse. Rapid emptying of
      the peritoneal cavity permitted two laparoscopies, which revealed the tumoral
      origin of the ascites in two cases, and one laparotomy for porto-caval shunt in
      bleeding esophageal varices at the earliest possible juncture. This method of
      treating cirrhotic ascites is simple and well tolerated. It considerably shortens
      the hospitalization and may rapidly improve general conditions of life in these
      chronic patients.

PMID- 1215968
TI  - [Malignant lymphoma following years of hydantoin treatment for epilepsy].
AB  - The cases are presented of 4 hydantreated epileptic patients developing malignant
      lymphomas (1 Hodgkin's lymphoma). The duration of the hydantoin therapy ranged
      from 7 to 23 years. There was no evidence of an allergic drug reaction, with the
      exception of slight blood eosinophilia. Prior to the lymphoma one patient
      exhibited leukopenia and a second thrombocytopenia. Hydantoins were discontinued
      in 3 cases but the lymphomas never disappeared spontaneously and only once did
      tumor progression came to a stillstand. Two patients were successfully treated
      with either chemo- or radiotherapy. Possible correlations between the documented
      immunosuppressive action of hydantoin derivatives and tumor induction are
      discussed. Malignant lymphomas may be sequelae of long-term hydantoin therapy and
      are not always preceded by the well-known reversible hydantoin lymphadenopathy.

PMID- 1215969
TI  - [Proceedings: Classification and anatomo-clinical correlations of glomerular
      nephropathies].
AB  - A number of classifications may be proposed according to whether glomerulopathy
      is defined from a morphological, clinical, etiological or pathogenetic point of
      view. However, glomerulopathies are now best defined according to
      histopathological criteria since from a practical point of view this is the only
      way in which prognosis can be evaluated. We propose a classification of
      glomeruloneyhritis essentially based on morphology as well as on the etiological
      circumstances in which the glomerulopathy is discovered. Four types of glomerular
      lesions (GL) may be disclosed: 1. The pathognomonic GL are rare and include
      thrombotic microangiography, amyloidosis, diabetic glomerulosclerosis, lupus
      nephritis with hematoxyphil bodies, etc. 2. The GL seen in primary
      glomerulopathies may be divided into 3 subgroups: minimal, focal (segmental and
      focal glomerulonephritis and focal glomerular sclerosis) or diffuse (membranous
      nephropathy and the various types of proliferative glomerulonephritis). The
      clinical presentation and course are studied for each of these varieties. 3. The
      GL seen in specific diseases (acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis,
      septicemia, systemic diseases, Goodpasture's syndrome, essential cryoglobulinemic
      glomerulonephritis, etc.) are in many ways similar to most of the lesions seen in
      primary glomerular diseases, but may have a different prognosis. 4. The GL seen
      in hereditary nephropathies (Alport's syndrome, nail patella syndrome, infantile
      mesangial sclerosis, partial lipodystrophy, amyloidosis of FMF, storage diseases,
      etc.) show, in most cases, specific morphological features. It is important for
      the clinican to know the natural history of these clinicopathologic entities in
      order to take appropriate decisions regarding possible treatment. Moreover, the
      fact that some of these glomerular lesions may recur on the grafted kidney is one
      more reason for identification of the underlying disease.

PMID- 1215970
TI  - [Proceedings: Evolutive forms of glomerulonephritis and their prognosis].
AB  - The prognosis in patients with glomerulonephritis can now be established with
      some confidence. The major advance has been the use and interpretation of renal
      biopsies. The different histological varieties have their own evolution and
      prognosis. The clinical/pathological correlations assist the physician in
      determining the prognosis in patients with glomerulonephritis. On the clinical
      side, the most important observation is the simplest: proteinuria or hematuria
      may persist separately for many years without alteration of renal function.
      However, in patients with persistent proteinuria associated with hematuria the
      prognosis is poor, as the evolution is towards renal failure.

PMID- 1215971
TI  - [Proceedings: Plasma hemoglobin in patients with intermittent hemodialysis with
      special reference to various dialysis procedures].
AB  - In the pathogenesis of anemia in patients on intermittent hemodialysis is a
      frequently mentioned factor. To evaluate the red blood cell trauma caused by the
      hemodialyser, free hemoglobin was determined in the plasma before and after
      various types of hemodialysis. We investigated 22 patients with chronic renal
      failure in the age range from 18 to 54 years who were hemodialysed with various
      types of shunt (Cimino, Scribner or Thomas shunt) and hemodialysers (Kiil or
      Rhone-Poulenc). Determinations of hemoglobin in the plasma before and after 8-h
      hemodialysis were performed by the method of RICHTERICH. A significant increase
      in the initial normal values for hemoglobin in the plasma were found, but without
      any correlation between rate of hemolysis and type of hemodialyser. The presumed
      mechanical destruction of erythrocytes during hemodialysis can be determined by
      the free hemoglobin in the plasma. The small extent of intravascular hemolysis
      does not correlate with the type of hemodialyser.

PMID- 1215972
TI  - [Proceedings: Hematopoiesis in chronic pyelonephritis. Quantitative-morphological
      study].
AB  - Bone marrow biopsies from the iliac crest in 56 patients with chronic
      pyelonephritis were evaluated quantitively and correlated with renal function and
      peripheral blood values (n = 100). In proportion to increasing serum creatinine,
      mild marrow hypoplasia develops which mainly, and to a statistically significant
      extent, affects the percentage and amount of erythropoietic cells and
      megakaryocytes. The simultaneous reduction of erythrocytes and reticulocytes in
      peripheral blood is more pronounced and only slightly correlated to the marrow
      cells. There is no correlation between the number of peripheral granulocytes or
      the decrease in lymphocytes concomitant with uremia, and their respective
      precursors in the marrow.

PMID- 1215973
TI  - [Proceedings: Familial hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Studies on pathogenesis in the
      survivors].
AB  - The findings are reported in 4 siblings in whom death was due to typical
      hemolytic-uremic syndrome. In one, successive treatment with heparin,
      dipyridamole and aspirin was unsuccessful. 125I-fibrinogen half-life was 2.1 days
      under aspirin and 1.9 days under combined aspirin/heparin therapy. The parents
      and 4 surviving sibs had normal renal function and normal platelet and fibrinogen
      survival. The mother and 3 sibs had an increased percentage of megathrombocytes.
      Two exhibited renal accumulation of 51Cr-platelet radioactivity which was
      suppressed by platelet inhibitors. In both, renal biopsy disclosed definite
      ultrastructural endothelial alterations. These changes are probably responsible
      for the local platelet sequestration and appear to be the primary defect in this
      family with hemolytic-uremic syndrome.

PMID- 1215974
TI  - [Proceedings: Alkaline phosphatases in patients in chronic hemodialysis].
AB  - The alkaline phosphatases (AP) have been studied in 28 patients on chronic
      hemodialysis. Total AP averaged 49 IU/1 while 4 out of the 28 patients exhibited
      pathologic values (above 60 IU/1). Determination of iso-AP by acrylamide gel
      electrophoresis revealed the existence of an intestinal band in 50% of cases,
      thought this is not observable in a control population. The only relationship
      seen between the presence of the intestinal iso-AP and different parameters
      concerned the blood groups O and B. Significant increase of total AP is in all
      cases due to a bone iso-AP. During a hemodialysis session a mean increase of 30%
      in total AP has been noted. An increase in total AP is observed in only 2 cases
      out of 17.

PMID- 1215975
TI  - [Proceedings: Evaluation of the plasma-phenolred test as a simple kidney function
      test].
AB  - The phenolsulphthalein 60/60 plasma test (PSP 60/60) was evaluated in 30 control
      subjects (mean value 51 micrograms/100 ml +/- 49 micrograms/100 ml) and 60
      patients with chronic renal disease with varying degrees of renal insufficiency.
      PSP 60/60 proved to be superior to determination of serum creatinine and urea
      nitrogen. PSP 60/60 correlated well with endogenous creatinine clearance and 131I
      iodohippurate clearance in over 80% of cases. Of various exogenous and endogenous
      factors interfering with the test, drugs influencing renal excretory mechanisms
      are most important. Due to its technical simplicity, PSP 60/60 is a useful
      screening test for evaluation of renal function, especially as an office
      procedure.

PMID- 1215977
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimentally induced effects on the plasma renin activity].
AB  - In dogs, plasma renin activity (PRA) was increased by anesthesia, by hypercapnia
      and by extreme hypoxia (paO2 47.6 mm Hg). Relatively moderate hypoxia (paO2 47.6
      mm Hg) and artificial respiration had no appreciable influence on PRA. It appears
      that the sympathomimetic stimulus of CO2 has an important bearing on PRA.

PMID- 1215976
TI  - [Proceedings: Correlations between blood pressure, body sodium/blood volume state
      and plasma renin in patients with terminal kidney insufficiency].
AB  - Plasma renin activity was found to correlate inversely with exchangeable sodium
      or blood volume in both normotensive and hypertensive hemodialysis patients.
      However, in the hypertensive patients mean circulating renin for any given
      sodium/volume state was markedly higher than in normotensive patients or normal
      subjects. Blood pressure correlated more closely with the products of circulating
      renin and exchangeable sodium (r = 0.55; p less than 0.001) or blood volume (r =
      0.43; p less than 0.001) than with the individual components (r less than or
      equal to 0.39); multiple regression analysis including duration of previous
      hypertension as a second independent variable further improved these correlations
      (r = 0.66 and r = 0.63 respectively). This suggests that the sodium/volume state,
      circulating renin and vascular changes resulting from previous hypertension may
      be important complementary determinants of blood pressure in hemodialysis
      patients.

PMID- 1215978
TI  - [Proceedings: Studies on the digoxin resorption in patients with decompensated
      right cardiac insufficiency].
AB  - Digoxin absorption was investigated in 7 patients suffering from severe right
      cardiac failure. After successful treatment and disappearance of the symptoms of
      right cardiac failure, the study was repeated in the same patients. Tritium
      labelled digoxin in a dose of 0.1 mg as a solution, and non-labelled digoxin as a
      0.25 mg tablet, were given to the patients in the fasting state. Blood samples
      were taken at specified time intervals up to 120 h and the urine was collected
      during the same period. The concentrations of digoxin in plasma and urine were
      measured in a liquid scintillation counter. The unlabelled digoxin was estimated
      by radioimmunoassay. The concentrations obtained in the plasma and urine were
      used to compute pharmacokinetic parameters. There was no significant difference
      in the plasma concentration curves in severe right cardiac failure and after
      successful treatment, nor did the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters differ
      significantly. Inhibition of digoxin absorption in severe right cardiac failure
      therefore seems unlikely.

PMID- 1215979
TI  - [Proceedings: Clinical value of serum digoxin and digitoxin determination in
      renal insufficiency].
AB  - Plasma digoxin and digitoxin determination has proven to have an important
      bearing, particularly in patients with renal failure. It permits early detection
      of digitalis intoxication in the absence of marked clinical and ECG evidence, and
      adjustment of dosage accordingly. Also, in patent intoxication it makes it
      possible to select the right moment for resumption of therapy. To illustrate the
      importance of the method some cases are cited involving plasma digoxin and
      digitoxin determination.

PMID- 1215980
TI  - [Proceedings: The ankle arterial pressure during reactive hyperemia in healthy
      patients and patients with arterial occlusive disease].
AB  - In 8 healthy subjects and in 16 patients with arterial occlusions in the iliac or
      ilio-femoral region ankle blood pressure and blood flow velocity were measured by
      Doppler ultrasound during postocclusive reactive hyperemia. In the normal
      subjects the ankle blood pressure decreased significantly within the initial 30
      sec after release of the occlusion. The pressure values showed a negative
      relation to the simultaneous increases in flow velocity (r = 0.67). In the
      patients the pressure decreased further and the reduction was prolonged with the
      protracted course of the reactive hyperemia.

PMID- 1215981
TI  - [Proceedings: Pacemaker implantation bradycardia and cardiac insufficiency.
      Preliminary report].
AB  - The longterm effects of pacemaker therapy have been investigated in 337 patients
      with bradycardia and congestive heart failure with or without Adams-Stokes
      syncope. The cumulative survival rate in patients with Adams-Stokes seizures
      without congestive heart failure (group I) is markedly better than in patients
      with Adams-Stokes seizures and congestive heart failure (group II). The death
      rate is highest in patients with congestive heart failure as sole indication for
      pacemaker implantation (Group III). In the patients from group II (mainly with
      slight to moderate decompensation) there was a higher percentage of improvement
      than in those from group III (chiefly with severe congestive heart failure), in
      whom cardiac decompensation improved in approximately half the cases. These
      findings do not prompt excessive enthusiasm about the longterm results in
      patients with bradycardia and severe congestive heart failure. The indication
      subsists where there is resistance to drug therapy, or digitalis intolerance, or
      where treatment with a provisional pacemaker produces good results.

PMID- 1215982
TI  - [Proceedings: Studies on mechanically induced hemolysis following prosthetic
      heart valve replacement].
AB  - Investigations into the problem of mechanical hemolysis were carried out in 28
      patients with one or more prosthetic heart valve replacements. Signs of
      compensated intravascular hemolysis were demonstrated in all cases by
      determination of lactic dehydrogenase activity and free hemoglobin in the serum.
      We found no correlation between the type and number of prosthetic heart valves
      and the incidence of hemolysis.

PMID- 1215983
TI  - [Proceedings: Experiences with isolation of leukemic patients].
AB  - Time to onset of infection has been used to evaluate isolation procedures in
      patients with acute leukemia. Comparing laminar flow unit with ordinary reverse
      isolation, no difference was found between these two methods. Both were performed
      without whole body decontamination or gut sterilization.

PMID- 1215984
TI  - [Proceedings: Changes in the disease pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis].
AB  - Some 100 cases of active tuberculosis of the lung from each of the years 1953,
      1963 and 1973 were studied to determine changes in the disease pattern.
      Chronologically a reduction in the distribution of multisegmental lesions and a
      diminution of the number of cavities was observed, with a marked tendency towards
      segments 1, 2 and 6. The number of new patients diminished and that of
      reactivated cases increased. Particularly noticeable was the observation of more
      highly productive tuberculoses.

PMID- 1215985
TI  - [Proceedings: Lung lesions caused by "rare earths"].
AB  - Three reproduction photographers were found to have light patchy and reticular
      infiltrates on the chest x-rays. They had a 30-year history of inhaling "rare
      earths" and thorium deriving from the dust of the electric carbon arc-light. The
      diagnosis was confirmed by whole-body gamma-counting in all cases and by
      additional lung biopsy in one. This type of pneumoconiosis shows no definite
      disease progression and no serious functional deterioration.

PMID- 1215986
TI  - [Telemetric ECG control of the heart during the rehabilitation of hemiplegics].
AB  - In hemiplegic patients of advanced age the incidence of cardiac disorders,
      frequently combined with heart failure, is 80%. To assess the effect of
      rehabilitation on cardiac status 25 patients underwent period telemetric ECG
      monitoring during the rehabilitation period. The rest forced upon the patient in
      the initial period following the stroke economizes cardiac effort. The increasing
      load in rehabilitation thus has a favourable effect on the heart and affords
      appropriate cardiac training in addition to its immediate purpose.

PMID- 1215987
TI  - [Frequent and rare forms of vitamin B 12 and folic acid deficiency anemias].
AB  - The common and rarer causes of vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency are
      discussed with special reference to pathophysiological aspects and conditions in
      Switzerland. The overall incidence of Addisonian pernicious anemia was found to
      be 80 per 100,000 patients, whereas the incidence of other B12 deficiency states
      was 18 per 100,000  patients. Folic acid deficiency was found in 23 of 100,000
      patients, though this figure appears to be an underestimate. Nutritional (latent)
      folate deficiency seems to be the most frequent vitamin deficiency in
      Switzerland.

PMID- 1215988
TI  - [The treatment of intestinal helminthiasis with mebendazole. 294 treated
      patients].
AB  - 294 patients with slight intestinal helminthic infections have been treated with
      mebendazole, a broad-spectrum antihelminthic of high effectiveness and remarkably
      low toxicity. The high cure rates (91-95%) obtained in cases of trichuriasis,
      ascariasis and ankylostomiasis are in agreement with the results as published by
      other investigators. For helminthiases, the present patient sample was too
      limited to permit accurate evaluation. Nevertheless, mebendazole may be
      considered the drug of choice for treatment of trichuriasis in particular and for
      intestinal helminthic polyparasitism in general.

PMID- 1215989
TI  - Double branched flicker fusion curves from the all-rod skate retina.
AB  - Electrical responses from the skate retina will only follow flicker up to
      frequencies of 5 hertz when intensities are below rod saturation. At greater
      luminances, the eye responds to rates as high as 30 hertz. As a result, a plot of
      critical flicker fusion as a function of intensity is a double branched curve. It
      seems that prolonged stimulation of skate rods, at high intensities, permits them
      to change their temporal response characteristics so that they follow high
      frequencies much as cones do in the duplex retina.

PMID- 1215991
TI  - Mass recruitment by army ants.
AB  - A single army ant (Ecitoninae) can attract and direct scores of workers to prey
      by means of a chemical trial and momentary contact between the recruiter and
      workers on a raid column. Recruited workers, in turn, attract more ants,
      resulting in a continuous stream of recruits. While the recruitment mechanism is
      basically similar, the speed and the number of ants recruited are greater form
      army ants than for other ants.

PMID- 1215990
TI  - Lysergic acid diethylamide: effect on histone acetylation in rabbit brain.
AB  - Lysergic acid diethylamide increased acetylation of histones in rabbit cerebral
      hemispheres and midbrain 30 minutes after intravenous administration of the drug
      at doses of 10 and 100 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. Evidence for the
      stimulation of acetylation in individual histone bands was obtained after
      separation by electrophoresis on polyacrylamied gels.

PMID- 1215992
TI  - Heritability of IQ: methodological questions.

PMID- 1215993
TI  - Letter: Erythrocytes in human muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 1215994
TI  - [Iatrogenic disorders of cardiac rhythm].

PMID- 1215995
TI  - [Treatment of urinary infection in adults: why and how].

PMID- 1215997
TI  - [Prescription of antibiotics in renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1215996
TI  - [Clinical study of a new drug: Imudon, in the treatment of diseases of the oral
      mucosa and periodontium].

PMID- 1215999
TI  - [Obesity in children should be treated prior to its manifestations].

PMID- 1215998
TI  - [Cerebral circulatory insufficiency and prevention of cerebrovascular accidents].

PMID- 1216000
TI  - [How to establish the basic symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1216001
TI  - [What can be expected today from the treatment of hyperlipidemia].

PMID- 1216002
TI  - [Value of combination of sulpiride and clomiprmaine in certain depressive states
      (apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1216003
TI  - Congenital malformations in the American Indian.

PMID- 1216004
TI  - Abortion: a hypothesis on the role of ABO blood groups and placental alkaline
      phosphatase.

PMID- 1216005
TI  - Intellect and serum uric acid: an optimal concentration of serum urate for human
      learning?

PMID- 1216006
TI  - The brain drain from India.

PMID- 1216008
TI  - Birth order, family size, social class, and intelligence.

PMID- 1216007
TI  - Age at first coitus and choice of contraceptive method: preliminary report on a
      study of factors related to cervical neoplasia.

PMID- 1216009
TI  - Pregnancy and birth complications among mentally ill and well mothers and their
      children.

PMID- 1216011
TI  - Mormon fertility and the Americanization hypothesis: some further comments.

PMID- 1216010
TI  - Age heaping in recent national censuses: an addendum.

PMID- 1216012
TI  - Letter: Observations on "a re-examination of the heritability of fertility in the
      British peerage," by Williams and Williams.

PMID- 1216013
TI  - How effective are social services?

PMID- 1216014
TI  - Child neglect. Color me grey.

PMID- 1216015
TI  - How Michigan increased child support collections.

PMID- 1216016
TI  - N.J. agency studies. "What causes AFDC errors?".

PMID- 1216017
TI  - Clients sound off.

PMID- 1216018
TI  - Preventing schistosomiasis: a critical assessment of present policy.

PMID- 1216020
TI  - Models of mental disorder: an Australian survey.

PMID- 1216021
TI  - Reflections upon directive language in health care.

PMID- 1216019
TI  - Alcohol effects in old age: an experimental investigation.

PMID- 1216022
TI  - [Some programmatic problems of prospective research into the morbidity of the
      population of rural districts].

PMID- 1216023
TI  - [Centralization of the statistical accounting in a rural district].

PMID- 1216024
TI  - [Physical development of preschool children in Omsk Province].

PMID- 1216025
TI  - [Status of and ways to improve the medical physical exercise service in the
      USSR].

PMID- 1216026
TI  - [System of hygiene education of dispensary patients].

PMID- 1216027
TI  - [Some problems in organizing scientific medical research in Great Britain].

PMID- 1216028
TI  - [Urgent public health problems in the developing countries].

PMID- 1216029
TI  - [Changes in the urinary system in uterine myoma].

PMID- 1216030
TI  - [Certain characteristics of the effect of fluothane, chloroform and ether on
      renal function].

PMID- 1216031
TI  - [Intensive therapy of severe forms of viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1216032
TI  - [Cancer of the greater curvature of the stomach].

PMID- 1216033
TI  - [Current problems of gastroenterology].

PMID- 1216034
TI  - [Amyloidosis: Tissue dysproteinosis or a tumor?].

PMID- 1216035
TI  - [Agranulocytosis in hypernephroid cancer of the kidney].

PMID- 1216036
TI  - [Use of coagulograph H-333 in the diagnosis of drug-induced hemolysis].

PMID- 1216037
TI  - [Clinical characteristics of diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1216038
TI  - [Isoagglutinogens of the ABO system in diseases of the stomach and duodenum].

PMID- 1216039
TI  - [Cytological diagnosis of stomach cancer].

PMID- 1216040
TI  - [Diagnosis of chronic colitis].

PMID- 1216041
TI  - [Drug therapy in viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1216042
TI  - [Treatment of certain dermatoses by hydrocortisone phonophoresis].

PMID- 1216043
TI  - [Treatment of severe forms of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1216044
TI  - [Causes of arterial hypertension and tactics of its treatment in chronic renal
      insufficiency at the terminal stage].

PMID- 1216045
TI  - [Arterial hypertension in patients with nephroptosis].

PMID- 1216046
TI  - [Characteristics of the course of pyelonephritis in patients with hydronephrotic
      transformation].

PMID- 1216047
TI  - [Clinical aspects of hereditary nephritis].

PMID- 1216048
TI  - [Role od excretory urography in the evaluation of functional capacity of the
      upper urinary tract and its reserve possibilities].

PMID- 1216049
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of anginine treatment of diabetic
      microangiopathies].

PMID- 1216050
TI  - [Diagnosis of neoplastic and inflammatory diseases of the large intestine by the
      method of aimed cytobiopsy through colonfibroscope].

PMID- 1216051
TI  - [Uretero-vaginal fistulas].

PMID- 1216052
TI  - [Correction of electrolyte disorders during conservative treatment of chronic
      renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1216053
TI  - [Mechanisms of so-called essential renal hematuria].

PMID- 1216054
TI  - [Mineral metabolism in pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1216055
TI  - [Diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis in children].

PMID- 1216057
TI  - [Proteinuria in kidney diseases].

PMID- 1216056
TI  - [Certain principles of prevention and treatment of acute inflammatory kidney
      diseases].

PMID- 1216058
TI  - [Fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products in the urine of patients with
      nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 1216059
TI  - [Clinical importance of the test of crystallization of prostatic secretion].

PMID- 1216060
TI  - [Disorders of sex glands in males with epidemic parotitis].

PMID- 1216061
TI  - [Diagnostic importance of provocative tuberculin test in renal tuberculosis
      during fractionating urinalysis].

PMID- 1216062
TI  - [Current morphological of pancreas diagnosis].

PMID- 1216063
TI  - [Radioisotopes used for routine diagnosis in nuclear medicine].

PMID- 1216064
TI  - [Nuclear medicine functional diagnosis using scintillation camera and electronic
      data processing].

PMID- 1216065
TI  - [Prerequisites for safe general anesthesia].

PMID- 1216066
TI  - [Comparison of the sedative action of premedication with biochemical indicators
      of its effect].

PMID- 1216067
TI  - [Effect of some general anesthetics and surgical stress on the serum
      immunoreactive insulin levels].

PMID- 1216068
TI  - [Bilateral contusion of the chest with severe injury of the lungs].

PMID- 1216069
TI  - [Correlation of the values of blood gases in the arterial, central venous and
      capillary blood of cardiosurgical patients].

PMID- 1216070
TI  - [Unusual picture of severe hypokalemia].

PMID- 1216071
TI  - [Nosocomial infections in patients on long-term artificial respiration].

PMID- 1216072
TI  - [Splenectomy in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216073
TI  - [Freeze-etching assay of surface characteristics of normal and leukaemic
      lymphocytes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216074
TI  - [Ultrastructural features of megaloblastic anaemias (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216075
TI  - [Haemostasis, coagulation and fibrinolysis assessment in patients with cancer
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216076
TI  - [Congenital non-spherocytic haemoloytic anaemia due to haemoglobin koln. clinical
      aspects and structural study (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216077
TI  - [Orgin and biological significance of tumor antigens].

PMID- 1216078
TI  - [Plasma cell leukaemia. Haematological features and response to treatment
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216079
TI  - [Congenital factors v and viii combined deficiency. report of one case and
      assessment of the response to haemophilia a cryoconcentrates and fresh plasma
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1216080
TI  - The role of carbon dioxide in pulmonary function changes during hypotension.

PMID- 1216081
TI  - Biliary secretion following trauma.

PMID- 1216082
TI  - Influence of methylprednisolone on perfusion of acutely atelectatic lung.

PMID- 1216083
TI  - Differential effect on ouabain on survival of endotoxemic rats.

PMID- 1216084
TI  - Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tumor CEA, and tumor histology.

PMID- 1216086
TI  - Relationship of pulmonary capillary protein flux to irreversible hypotension
      following hemorrhagic shock and reinfusion.

PMID- 1216085
TI  - Prognostic significance of peripheral lymphocyte counts and association with CEA
      in colorectal cancer.

PMID- 1216087
TI  - In vitro study of cell-mediated immunity of patients with colorectal carcinoma.

PMID- 1216088
TI  - Successful immunotherapy with BCG as an adjunct to surgical resection for murine
      fibrosarcoma.

PMID- 1216089
TI  - Effect of prolonged Corynebacterium parvum and cyclophosphamide administration on
      spontaneously occurring metastases.

PMID- 1216090
TI  - The role of adherent cells in tumor immunity.

PMID- 1216091
TI  - Immunologic enhancement in a syngeneic tumor system.

PMID- 1216092
TI  - Accelerated induction of skin cancers by ultraviolet radiation in hairless mice
      treated with immunosuppressive agents.

PMID- 1216093
TI  - Endolymphatic BCG therapy in the rabbit VX2 tumor.

PMID- 1216094
TI  - Cellular immunity to tumor-associated antigens in sarcoma patients and their
      relatives.

PMID- 1216095
TI  - Immune cytolysis of human neoplasms mediated by RNA.

PMID- 1216096
TI  - Presence of human tumor-associated antigen(s) in urine of patients with cancer.

PMID- 1216097
TI  - Influence of trauma and sepsis on water and electrolytes of human muscle tissue.

PMID- 1216098
TI  - Tumor-induced suppression of the in vitro humoral response.

PMID- 1216099
TI  - Does isoniazid decrease the effect of BCG on local tumor growth?

PMID- 1216101
TI  - Detection of antitumor immunity against cancer of the breast by leukocyte
      adherence inhibition in test tubes.

PMID- 1216100
TI  - Changes in blood viscosity and plasma proteins in carcinoma.

PMID- 1216102
TI  - Regional lymphadenectomy and varied tumor antigenicity.

PMID- 1216103
TI  - Decreasing experimental metastasis formation with anticoagulation and
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 1216104
TI  - Adenocarcinoma associated antigen: enhancement of tumor growth with serum from
      animals bearing adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 1216105
TI  - Crystalloid therapy in resuscitation during routine surgery and severe trauma.

PMID- 1216106
TI  - Effect of iodide on compensatory goiter in rats following hemithyroidectomy.

PMID- 1216107
TI  - Effect of amino acids, insulin, and glucagon on the growth of cells in vitro.

PMID- 1216108
TI  - Reflex stimulation of peripheral norepinephrine release: effect of nephrectomy
      and a physiological rate of angiotensin-II infusion.

PMID- 1216109
TI  - Improved method of pulmonary lavage for alveolar proteinosis.

PMID- 1216110
TI  - Alveolar active transport in frog lung.

PMID- 1216111
TI  - Role of pulmonary infection in the pathogenesis of smoke inhalation.

PMID- 1216113
TI  - Pulmonary shunt mechanism in atelectasis.

PMID- 1216112
TI  - Physiologic and pathologic responses of the pulmonary circulation to high flow
      shunts.

PMID- 1216114
TI  - Prostaglandin influence on pulmonary intravascular leukocytic aggretation during
      cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 1216115
TI  - Effects of diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) on the pulmonary circulation.

PMID- 1216116
TI  - Left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations in patients with mitral
      valve disease.

PMID- 1216117
TI  - Diastolic intramyocardial pressure.

PMID- 1216118
TI  - Thermodilution measurement of coronary sinus blood flow during cardiopulmonary
      bypass.

PMID- 1216120
TI  - Normothermic vs hypothermic ischemia: effect on coronary flow, myocardial water
      content, and systemic vascular resistance.

PMID- 1216119
TI  - Myocardial oxygen consumption and hemodynamic effects of dobutamine vs other
      catecholamines.

PMID- 1216121
TI  - Filling pressures of the heart following open-heart surgery.

PMID- 1216122
TI  - Augmentation of coronary collateral blood flow in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1216123
TI  - Experimental model for quantification of myocardial infarct size.

PMID- 1216124
TI  - Accelerated fatigue testing of prosthetic heart valves.

PMID- 1216125
TI  - Tricuspid valvulectomy without prosthetic replacement: five years later.

PMID- 1216126
TI  - Assessment of the ventricular function of an artificial heart in vivo.

PMID- 1216127
TI  - Experimental endotoxemia: does it simultate metabolism in septic shock?

PMID- 1216128
TI  - Effects of prolonged heparinless venoarterial bypass on blood coagulation in
      sheep.

PMID- 1216129
TI  - Potassium-induced arrest of the heart: effect of low potassium concentration.

PMID- 1216130
TI  - Metabolic myocardial protection with allopurinol during cardiopulmonary bypass
      and aortic cross-clamping.

PMID- 1216131
TI  - Effects of profound topical cardiac hypothermia on myocardial blood flow,
      metabolism, compliance, and function.

PMID- 1216132
TI  - Effect of mannitol on coronary flow in ventricles made ischemic by fibrillation
      or arrest during bypass.

PMID- 1216133
TI  - Myocardial preservation: hypothermia vs beta adrenergic blockade.

PMID- 1216134
TI  - Neutrophil function in surgical patients: correlation of neutrophil bactericidal
      function, serum albumin, and sepsis.

PMID- 1216135
TI  - Cardiac arrest after aortic cross-clamping: effects of conventional vs
      pharmacologic arrest on myocardial supply/demand balance.

PMID- 1216136
TI  - Influence of blood viscosity on extremity blood flow: a therapeutic modality?

PMID- 1216137
TI  - Effect of intraoperative autotransfusion on red cell mass and red cell survival.

PMID- 1216138
TI  - Arteriovenous communications in exercising skeletal muscle with severe acute
      hemodilution.

PMID- 1216139
TI  - Human umbilical cord vein allograft for vascular replacement.

PMID- 1216140
TI  - Improvement of cognitive and personality changes after carotid endarterectomy.

PMID- 1216141
TI  - Protective influence of cathepsin D antiserum in hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 1216142
TI  - Quantitation of internal carotid artery stenosis by ocular plethysmography.

PMID- 1216143
TI  - Cryopreservation of venous homografts.

PMID- 1216144
TI  - Arteriovenous shunting in canine hind limb: effects of decreased perfusion
      pressure and alpha adrenergic blockade.

PMID- 1216145
TI  - Disproportionate reduction in superior mesenteric artery flow during dehydration
      and cardiac tamponade.

PMID- 1216146
TI  - Hemodynamics of the retrograde cross-public anastomosis.

PMID- 1216147
TI  - Preservation of body cell mass following major abdominal surgery.

PMID- 1216148
TI  - Structural injury produced by pulsatile perfusion vs cold storage renal
      preservation.

PMID- 1216149
TI  - Protein conservation with peripheral isotonic amino acid solutions.

PMID- 1216150
TI  - Capsulotomy for renal ischemia.

PMID- 1216151
TI  - Long-term effects of warm ischemic injury on the kidney.

PMID- 1216152
TI  - Use of cellular membrane stabilizers to prevent ischemic damage to the kidneys.

PMID- 1216153
TI  - Forty-eight-hour ice storage of kidneys: importance of flush solution cation
      content.

PMID- 1216154
TI  - Effect of nonthymic irradiation on cellular immunocompetence.

PMID- 1216155
TI  - Infusion of crystalline amino acids with and without dextrose in morbid obesity.

PMID- 1216156
TI  - Patterns of antral release and renal catabolism of heterogeneous gastrin.

PMID- 1216157
TI  - Gastrin response to calcium and secretin infusion in patients with achlorhydria.

PMID- 1216158
TI  - Effect of metiamide in prevention of experimental stress ulcers.

PMID- 1216159
TI  - Position of the distal esophageal sphincter and its relationship to reflux.

PMID- 1216160
TI  - Effects of biocarbonate perfusion on lower esophageal sphincter response to
      feeding.

PMID- 1216161
TI  - Endoscopic measurement of transmucosal potential differences for evaluation of
      gastroduodenal lesions.

PMID- 1216162
TI  - Increased urine insulin excretion in trauma.

PMID- 1216163
TI  - Stress ulcer prevention by metyrapone.

PMID- 1216164
TI  - Effects of alcohol on active and passive ion transport by gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1216165
TI  - Gastric mucosal blood flow and permeability changes induced by topical bile
      salts.

PMID- 1216166
TI  - Release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide: comparison of hyperosmolar
      carbohydrate solutions as stimuli.

PMID- 1216168
TI  - Radioimmunoassay measurement of disappearance half-time of secretin.

PMID- 1216167
TI  - Characteristics of release of duodenal gastrin.

PMID- 1216169
TI  - Radioimmunoassay measurement of serotonin release following duodenal
      acidification.

PMID- 1216170
TI  - Glucagon, insulin, and glucose relationships in severely burned patients.

PMID- 1216171
TI  - Growing small-bowel mucosa: an experimental approach to the short-bowel syndrome.

PMID- 1216172
TI  - Radioautography of heterotopic autografts of ileal mucosa in rats after partial
      enterectomy.

PMID- 1216173
TI  - Effect of small-intestinal bypass on hepatic lipogenesis in rats.

PMID- 1216174
TI  - Gastroduodenal blood flow in stress and hypoxia: an experimental approach.

PMID- 1216175
TI  - Upper intestinal microflora patterns following gastric surgery.

PMID- 1216176
TI  - Serologic detection of persons at risk in familial polyposis coli.

PMID- 1216177
TI  - Hepatic regeneration and lymphocyte activity.

PMID- 1216178
TI  - Time course of liver regeneration after splanchnic organ ablation.

PMID- 1216179
TI  - Regeneration in rat liver injured by carbon tetrachloride.

PMID- 1216180
TI  - Effect of portacaval shunt and acute hepatic ishcemia on brain and liver
      serotonin and catecholamines.

PMID- 1216181
TI  - Brain energy metabolism in acute hepatic coma.

PMID- 1216182
TI  - Clinical vs hemodynamic classification of cirrhosis.

PMID- 1216184
TI  - Effect of combined cancer therapy on the intact liver.

PMID- 1216183
TI  - Insulin sensitivity in traumatized patients.

PMID- 1216185
TI  - Improved lithogenicity of fasting hepatic bile by dietary fiber and
      cholestyramine: studies in mice and humans.

PMID- 1216186
TI  - Effect of chenodeoxycholic acid administration on bile acid and cholesterol
      synthesis in man.

PMID- 1216187
TI  - Reversal of insulin resistance by in vivo infusion of ATP in experimental shock.

PMID- 1216188
TI  - Effects of pregnancy on bile acid metabolism.

PMID- 1216189
TI  - Acute pancreatitis: a predictable disease.

PMID- 1216190
TI  - Effects of glucagon on 3-methylhistidine excretion: muscle proteolysis or
      ureogenesis?

PMID- 1216191
TI  - Microsurgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus.

PMID- 1216192
TI  - A laboratory procedure for transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.

PMID- 1216194
TI  - Neurovascular cross-compression in patients with hyperactive dysfunction symptoms
      of the eighth cranial nerve.

PMID- 1216193
TI  - Autoradiographic demonstration of cerebellar commissural system.

PMID- 1216195
TI  - Electrophysiologic monitoring of spinal cord function during intraspinal surgery.

PMID- 1216196
TI  - Mesoscopic anatomy of posterior fossa and upper cervical canal in man.

PMID- 1216197
TI  - Changes in human pituitary prolactin cells in association with breast cancer.

PMID- 1216198
TI  - Alterations of norepinephrine uptake by acutely traumatized synaptosomes.

PMID- 1216199
TI  - Clinical applications and results of evoked potential data in patients with
      severe head injury.

PMID- 1216200
TI  - Regional cerebral blood flow and autoregulation with supratentorial mass lesions.

PMID- 1216201
TI  - Time-dependent increase in erythrocyte stiffness following traumatic shock.

PMID- 1216202
TI  - Cell separation of experimental thyrotrophic pituitary tumors.

PMID- 1216203
TI  - Prostaglandins and cerebral vasospasm: a problem of interpretation.

PMID- 1216204
TI  - Brain retraction pressure during intracranial procedures.

PMID- 1216206
TI  - Comparative studies of the bonding strength of new and old acrylic bone cements.

PMID- 1216205
TI  - Effects of methylmethacrylate on S aureus growth and rabbit alveolar macrophage
      phagocytosis and glucose metabolism.

PMID- 1216207
TI  - Histometric evaluation of nondecalcified bone biopsy specimens in primary
      hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 1216208
TI  - Collagen sponge as a matrix for articular cartilage regeneration.

PMID- 1216209
TI  - Changes in electrical and mechanical properties of whole bone related to
      maturation.

PMID- 1216210
TI  - Prevention of blood loss in total hip replacement surgery by hypotensive
      anesthesia and intraoperative autotransfusion.

PMID- 1216211
TI  - Normal and abnormal motion of the shoulder.

PMID- 1216212
TI  - Effect of phosphate supplementation, thyrocalcitonin, and growth hormone on
      strength of fracture healing.

PMID- 1216213
TI  - Experience with 99mTc diphosphonate in studying vascularity of the femoral head.

PMID- 1216214
TI  - Auditory responses from the inferior colliculus in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1216215
TI  - An improved stroma-free hemoglobin solution.

PMID- 1216216
TI  - Internal maxillary artery ligation for posterior epistaxis.

PMID- 1216217
TI  - Radiation effects on microbiological flora of patients with head and neck cancer.

PMID- 1216218
TI  - Transbronchoscopic cryosurgery: development of a new technique.

PMID- 1216219
TI  - Serous choriodal detachments: clinical evaluation, animal studies, and an
      artificially produced clinical model.

PMID- 1216220
TI  - Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelids: review of patients treated by surgical
      excision.

PMID- 1216221
TI  - Effects of diabetes mellitus on cellular immunity.

PMID- 1216222
TI  - Repair of small veins with absorbable collagen tubules.
AB  - An experimental technique is presented for the repair of very small veins using a
      biodegradable collagen tubule as an internal splint. The technique is simple and
      the long-term results are excellent. Variable patency rates in the first two
      weeks are being investigated.

PMID- 1216223
TI  - Studies on the inductive capacity of canine fascia lata.

PMID- 1216224
TI  - Effects of mobilization on tensile strength of partial tendon lacerations.
AB  - Fifty-percent-lacerated unrepaired chicken tendons were studied. Free mobility
      resulted in tensile strength significantly increased over immobility when the
      free mobility was begun on the day of wounding or after 28 days of immobility.

PMID- 1216225
TI  - Collagen synthesis in primary and secondary rat skin wounds.

PMID- 1216226
TI  - Renal function and the postresuscitative hypertension syndrome.

PMID- 1216227
TI  - Alterations in analysis of tissue gases following chronic implantation of Teflon
      cannulas.

PMID- 1216228
TI  - Methotrexate--salicylate interaction: a clinical and experimental study.

PMID- 1216229
TI  - Prostaglandin synthesis blockade in release of renal artery constriction.

PMID- 1216230
TI  - Prostaglandin: increased production by renal cell carcinoma.

PMID- 1216231
TI  - Long-term changes in plasma volume and cellular electrolytes following
      hemorrhagic shock in dogs.

PMID- 1216233
TI  - In vivo canine renal perfusion: lactated Ringer's vs Collins and Sacks solutions
      prior to short-term renal ischemia.

PMID- 1216232
TI  - Technetium 99m stannous glucoheptonate for renal imaging and evaluating
      individual renal function.

PMID- 1216234
TI  - Renal interstitial fluid, urine, and serum antibiotic concentration.

PMID- 1216235
TI  - Healing process in uremia.

PMID- 1216236
TI  - Effect of urine flow on ureteral healing.

PMID- 1216237
TI  - Effects of suture on tensile strength gain of partially and completely severed
      tendons.

PMID- 1216239
TI  - Protection of normal tissues during x-irradiation by temporary hypoxia.

PMID- 1216238
TI  - Effect of colchicine on cross-linking of collagen in rats.

PMID- 1216240
TI  - In vitro neutrophil function and lysosomal enzyme levels in patients with sepsis.

PMID- 1216241
TI  - Evaluation of leukocyte chemotactic response in the presence of antibiotics.

PMID- 1216242
TI  - Oxidative metabolism and microbicidal activity of rabbit phagocytes: cells from
      wounds and from peripheral blood.

PMID- 1216243
TI  - Albumin deposition in human lung, skin, and skeletal muscle during surgery.

PMID- 1216244
TI  - Effects of trauma on pulmonary plasminogen activator activity.

PMID- 1216245
TI  - Circumvention of detrimental pulmonary vasoactivity of exogenous catecholamines
      in cardian resuscitation.

PMID- 1216246
TI  - HLA antigens and glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1216247
TI  - The use of directly frozen cells in LDA assay.
AB  - A method of direct freezing is described which requires a cryoprotective medium
      consisting of human AB serum and DMSO, an ultra-low temperature freezer and a
      liquid-nitrogen refrigerator. Fresh and directly frozen cells were compared in
      the LDA assay. Direct freezing is quite reliable for normal lymphocytes, PHA
      transformed lymphocytes or leukaemic blasts used as targets. However, a
      controlled freezing procedure may be necessary to preserve the effector cell
      activity.

PMID- 1216248
TI  - Cross-reactions between the major histocompatibility system of man and mice (HL-A
      and H-2). Cytotoxic action of anti-H-2 sera on lymphocytes.
AB  - Alloimmune congenic anti-H-2 sera, dependent on the combination of H-2 haplotypes
      of donor-recipient strains, exert a strong cytotoxic activity against human
      cells. While strong sera react with almost all samples of human cells, in serial
      dilutions pronounced differences in strength of reactions can be found with
      different human cell samples in correlation with their HL-A phenotype. The
      strongest associations of some anti-H-2f and anti-H-2p sera were found with HL-A2
      (r = 0.70 - 0.80), HL-A7 (r = 0.45 - 0.55) and HL-A27 (r = 0.65 - 0.75) (with HL
      A27 in groups of patients with high frequency of this antigen r = 0.80 - 0.90).
      Associations with HL-A9 were also indicated. The reaction pattern itself, as well
      as absorption and family studies, strongly indicates that for the individual sera
      the differences in reaction strength are, in essence, quantitative in nature.
      While it is basically unclear which part of both MHS systems is responsible for
      the observed cross-reactions, out of several alternatives the hypothesis
      indicating the polymorphism of common-part structures on H-2 and HL-A molecules
      seems to be the most plausible.

PMID- 1216249
TI  - Increased frequency of HL-A8 in Sjogren's syndrome.
AB  - The histocompatibility antigen, HL-A8, was found to be elevated in patients with
      Sjogren's syndrome. Among 24 patients, the frequency of HL-A8 was 58% compared to
      21% among controls (P less than 0.001 after correction). With the addition of
      this disorder to the list of other autoimmune diseases associated with HL-A8, it
      now seems possible to postulate a single basis autoimmune defect gene in high
      linkage disequilibrium with HL-A8.

PMID- 1216250
TI  - Studies on recombination within the mouse H-2 gene complex. III. Further
      serological analyses of the H-2t haplotypes.
AB  - The five H-2t haplotypes are all intra-H-2 recombinants which have identical K
      and D regions, but differ in the central regions of the complex. Analyses of H-2,
      Ia and Ss-Slp types indicate that the crossover in H-2t1 took place between the K
      and I regions, in the H-2t2 between G and D, in H-2t3 and H-2t4 between the I-B
      and I-C subregions and in H-2t5 between I and S. The set of recombinants will be
      very valuable for studies of traits which map in the I and S regions.

PMID- 1216251
TI  - HL-A27 and reactive arthritis in an outbreak of salmonellosis.

PMID- 1216252
TI  - Recent trends in mortality from cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 1216253
TI  - Profile of population in metropolitan areas of the Middle Atlantic States.

PMID- 1216254
TI  - [Ozone and gynecologic radiotherapy].
AB  - A short survey is given of the historical development and the physical basis of
      ozone therapy. Ozone is used in medicine as well as in other spheres. Papers
      reporting good results of ozone treatment in carcinoma seemed of particular
      interest. The efficacy of ozone as an adjuvant to the irradiation of
      carcinosarcomas of rats was confirmed by us. On account of this fact ozone was
      introduced by us as an adjuvant to the irradiation of women with gynaecological
      cancer and appeared to give good results. The mechanism of action of ozone is not
      yet fully clarified and several theories are discussed. Investigations are
      currently being undertaken in respect to the behaviour of several substances in
      the organism during ozone therapy.

PMID- 1216255
TI  - [A path to spatial irradiation planning. I. The problem of dose homogeneity
      within the area of crossing ray beams with different planes of incidence; basic
      examinations leading to an optimization procedure].
AB  - Under certain circumstances, foci within distinct regions of the body are
      optimally included by irradiation from different directions of the space. In
      practice, such plannings mostly fail from the difficulty to produce a
      sufficiently homogenous dose distribution within the target volume. The present
      considerations disclose the possibility to determine certain parameters or
      irradiation in an explicit form, based on a vectorial view of the dose
      distribution, thus obtaining homogeneity of the radiation dose. Part I of this
      paper is presenting the foundations of a procedure which aims at dose homogeneity
      in cross-fire techniques with different planes of incidence, utilizing simple
      mathematical correlations among the vectorial dose quantities.

PMID- 1216257
TI  - Microbiological synthesis of 16alpha, 18-dihydroxydeoxycorticosterone.
AB  - 16Alpha, 18-Dihydroxydeoxycorticosterone (16alpha, 18-dihydroxy-DOC) (1) and 1, 2
      3H-16alpha, 18-dihydroxy-DOC (1,2-3H-16alpha, 18-dihydroxy-DOC) of high specific
      activity were obtained in good yield by microbiological hydroxylation of 18-OH
      DOC and 1,2-3H-18-OH-DOC by Streptomyces roseochromogenus (ATCC 13400). The
      identity of the fermentation product to human adrenal produced 16alpha, 18
      dihydroxy-DOC was established by chromatographic studies, derivative formation
      and gas-liquid chromatography. Yield of the product was about 30% of sutstrate
      and, allowing for losses in recovery, about 60% of the substrate 18-OH-DOC was
      converted to this product. A second product of fermentation isolated in lower
      yield appeared to be a dimer of 16alpha, 18-dihydroxy-DOC found in the acidic
      conditions of the fermentation. This method of synthesis of 16alpha, 18-dihydroxy
      DOC is a practical way to make large quantities of the compound for further study
      of its possible role in human and experimental hypertension.

PMID- 1216256
TI  - Distribution and behaviour of isoselenium salts in organism. III. Radioprotective
      effect of selenium derivatives.
AB  - Radioprotective properties of Se-2-aminoethylioselenouronium bromide
      hydrobromide, 2-aminoselenoazoline and of selenium analogue of
      mercaptoethylguanidine were followed. Radio-protective effectiveness comparable
      with classical thiol radioprotectiva was manifested by 2-aminoselenoazoline. In
      the other two compounds there was on the contrary found a synergism of toxicity
      and radiation.

PMID- 1216258
TI  - Metabolism of 2-3H- and 4-14C-17alpha-ethynylestradiol 3-methyl ether (mestranol)
      by women.
AB  - A mixture of 2-3H and 4-14C-mestranol was administered orally to five women and 2
      3H-mestranol alone to one woman. Reactions involving position 2 were extensive as
      judged by liberation of 3H into body water (14-45% of the dose). 17alpha
      Ethynylestradiol, 2-hydroxy-17alpha-ethynylestradiol, 2-methoxy-17alpha
      ethynylestradiol, 2-hydroxy-17alpha-ethynylestradiol 3-methyl ether and 16geta
      hydroxy-17alpha-ethynylestradiol were measured in the "glucuronide" and pH1
      fractions and mestranol, D-homoestrone-17a and D-homoestradiol-17abeta were also
      measured in the "glucuronide" fraction frum the urine to two of the women by
      reverse isotope dilution. Radioactive 2-methoxyestradiol accounted for less than
      0.011% of the 14C dose in the "glucuronide" fraction of one of the women,
      consistent with the extent of de-ethynylation previously reported (Steroids, 25,
      343 (1975).

PMID- 1216259
TI  - Synthesis of the specific monosulfates of cholic acid.
AB  - The three isomeric cholic acid-monosulfates were synthetized and characterized.
      Cholic acid-3-sulfate was obtained by reacting cholic acid for 2 min with
      chlorosulfonic acid in pyridine and chromatography of the resulting bile salt
      mixture on Sephadex LH-20. The 7- and the 12-monosulfate were prepared by
      sulfation of the corresponding monohydroxy-diacetates followed by removal of the
      acetyl groups by alkaline hydrolysis and purification by chromatography on
      Sephadex LH-20. On TLC in n-butanol-acetic acid-water (10:1:1, v/v) the Rf values
      were 0.59 for cholic acid-3-sulfate, 0.52 for cholic acid-7-sulfate and 0.48 for
      cholic acid-12-sulfate. The time required for complete solvolysis at 37 degrees C
      in acid methanol-acetone (1:9) was 3 h for cholic acid-3-sulfate, 12 h for the 12
      monosulfate and 18 h for the 7-monosulfate.

PMID- 1216260
TI  - Evidence for episodic secretion of testosterone in laboratory mice.
AB  - The concentration of testosterone (T) in the peripheral plasma of laboratory mice
      is extremely variable. This variability is already evident at 20--25 days of age
      and is not eliminated by brief or chronic exposure to male or female mice, or by
      isolation. The variation in T levels in plasma samples collected from the same
      animals on different occasions is comparable to the variation between individuals
      bled on a single occasion. The concentration of T in the testis is as variable as
      that in the peripheral plasma. It is suggested that in the laboratory mouse T is
      produced and released in an episodic fashion, that elevations in T levels in
      peripheral plasma of mice are greater than those observed in other species, and
      that testicular secretory episodes are interspersed with periods of minimal
      steroidogenic activity.

PMID- 1216261
TI  - Comparative ability of rat seminiferous tubules, interstitium, and whole testes
      to utilize cholesterol-1,5-3H as a substrate for testosterone synthesis and the
      intratesticular distribution of cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme.
AB  - Homogenates of rat seminiferous tubules, interstitium and intact testis tissues
      were assessed for their ability to convert cholesterol -1,2-3H to testosterone in
      vitro. While 3H-testosterone synthesis was observed in incubates of interstitial
      and whole testis homogenates, no synthesis was detectable in homogenates of
      seminiferous tubules. To determine whether cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme
      (CSCCE) was deficient or absent in tubules, mitochondria from tubules,
      interstitium and whole testes were analyzed for CSCCE activity by measuring
      conversion of cholesterol -26-14C to 14C-isocaproate (+pregnenolone).
      Interstitial mitochondrial preparations from each of six testes were found to be
      approximately 200 times more active in CSCCE than the corresponding tubule
      mitochondria, and 1600-1800 times more active on a specific activity basis.
      Although caution is required in extrapolation of in vitro data to the in vivo
      state, these findings suggest rat seminiferous tubules may be incapable of de
      novo testosterone biosynthesis and that this lack of synthetic ability may be due
      to a deficiency of CSCCE.

PMID- 1216263
TI  - [Specialized vascular structures of medico-legal significance].

PMID- 1216262
TI  - The in-vitro and in-vito effects of diethylstilbestrol on testicular synthesis of
      testosterone.
AB  - The effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES) on the percent conversion of a 14C
      progesterone (14C-P) substrate to 14C-testosterone (14C-T) when added to
      incubates fo rat testicular homogenates has been measured. Similarly the effect
      of DES administered parenterally to intact adult rats at 9 dose regimens on such
      conversion has been evaluated. In addition, in the latter group serum luteinizing
      hormone (LH) levels were assessed simultaneously. DES added in-vitro
      significantly reduced T formation at every level. Only the large parenteral dose
      of DES affected T synthesis after 24 hours, while every parenteral dose
      significantly reduced T synthesis with 4 and 8 day regimens. Mean serum LH levels
      failed to reflect a significant decrease at the 1 and 4 day dose level, but did
      decrease significantly in 2 of 3 groups on the 8 day regimen. These results
      suggest that there is a direct effect of DES at a testicular level inhibiting T
      synthesis not associated with a simultaneous drop in mean serum LH levels. A
      measurable decrease in LH concentration does occur with continued treatment.

PMID- 1216264
TI  - [Radial express-chromatography of the principal shot metals].

PMID- 1216265
TI  - [Study of the Y-chromatin in bloodstains].

PMID- 1216266
TI  - [Expert's tactics in some particular cases of the study of saliva].

PMID- 1216267
TI  - [Serologic diagnosis of pregnancy by blood stains with the use of the domestic
      preparation gavidadiagnosticum].

PMID- 1216268
TI  - [Determination of the antigens of the ABO system in histological sections by the
      reactions of mixed agglutination and agglutinin absorption (Report I)].

PMID- 1216270
TI  - [Improvement of the teaching of legal medicine at medical institutes].

PMID- 1216269
TI  - [Fractionation of haptoglobin following the effect of high temperature on the
      blood].

PMID- 1216271
TI  - [Absorption and luminescence spectrums of blood and yeast].

PMID- 1216272
TI  - [Comparative data on the level of alcohol in the blood and vitreous body].

PMID- 1216273
TI  - [Recovery and transport of cadaver material for forensic-chemical study of
      cardiac glycosides].

PMID- 1216274
TI  - [Injury by means of sharks' teeth in connection with legal medicine].

PMID- 1216275
TI  - [Unusual mechanism of motorcycle injury (abilities under the effects of fatal
      wounds)].

PMID- 1216276
TI  - [Peculiarities of injuries to pedestrians due to derailed trolley-buses].

PMID- 1216277
TI  - [Isolated injury of the pancreas].

PMID- 1216278
TI  - [Sudden death to thymico-cortical insufficiency].

PMID- 1216279
TI  - [Medico-legal aspects of meningococcal infection].

PMID- 1216280
TI  - [Possibilities of the wick-like burning of clothes and peculiarities of the
      resulting injuries].

PMID- 1216281
TI  - [2 fatal poisonings by proserine].

PMID- 1216282
TI  - [Simulation of injuries to the cervical and upper thoracic sections of the spine
      in lateral inclinations of the head due to the effects of measured static loads.
      (Experimental study. Report 2)].

PMID- 1216283
TI  - [Possibility of determining the age of blood stains by a colorimetric method].

PMID- 1216284
TI  - [Possible sources of errors in the diagnosis of Gc system phenotypes].

PMID- 1216285
TI  - [Uranium content in human hair as an index of sex identification. I].

PMID- 1216286
TI  - [Fatal poisonings in 1972-1973].

PMID- 1216287
TI  - [Demonstration of fluorine compound poisonings in forensic chemical study].

PMID- 1216288
TI  - [Selectivity in detecting phosphamide (rogor) in the forensic chemical study of
      cadaveric material].

PMID- 1216289
TI  - [Forensic medical significance of a discussion].

PMID- 1216290
TI  - [Quantitative determination of dichloroethane in biological media by means of gas
      liquid chromatography].

PMID- 1216291
TI  - [Tubazid preservability in cadaveric material].

PMID- 1216292
TI  - [Poisonings with thallium compounds].

PMID- 1216293
TI  - [Potassium and sodium content in the myocardium in fatal carbon monoxide
      poisoning].

PMID- 1216294
TI  - [Estimation of the diameter of the shot dispersal in a partial area of the
      wound].

PMID- 1216295
TI  - [Extractive and photometric determination of tin and morin in biological
      material].

PMID- 1216296
TI  - [Our experience in using graphic identification algorithms].

PMID- 1216297
TI  - [Fatal poisoning of a child with "Luch" washing powder].

PMID- 1216298
TI  - Attempts to transfer immunity to Trichobilharzia ocellata (Trematoda:
      Schistosomatidae) passively via lymphoid cells and/or serum.
AB  - White Pekin ducklings were injected with serum, lymphoid cells, or both, derived
      from donor birds which were immune to reinfection by the schistosome trematode,
      Trichobilharzia ocellata. Ducklings receiving serum and/or cells from susceptible
      birds, and untreated ducklings, served as controls. One set of experimental and
      control ducklings was kept alive and all of these birds passed viable T. ocellata
      eggs by day 20 indicating that protective immunity had not been transferred.
      Another set was killed 3-5 days after exposure. The schistosomula which were
      recovered from these were measured and in most cases no difference between
      experimentals and controls could be seen. However, birds which had received the
      maximum dose of serum (8 ml.) did produce worms of different length, the immune
      serum recipients having shorter parasites than controls. A second experiment was
      performed in which up to 60 ml. of immune serum was injected, controls being
      recipients of normal serum or saline. Recipients of immune serum either failed to
      pass worm eggs entirely, or passed low numbers after delayed onset. Controls were
      variable but exhibited earlier patency and heavier infections. Schistosomula
      recovered from birds killed 4 days after exposure were measured. In 3 of 4
      groups, experimentals were significantly shorter than controls, but no
      significant differences were detected between normal serum and saline controls.

PMID- 1216299
TI  - Electrocardiographic changes in African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma
      brucei rhodesiense.
AB  - The electrocardiographic findings in 40 patients with Trypanosoma brucei
      rhodesiense infection are reported. Using rigid diagnostic criteria 7 out of 18
      patients (39%) had abnormal electrocardiograms before any form of therapy and 22
      of the 40 patients (55%) had abnormal electrocardiograms at some stage of the
      disease or its treatment. The electrocardiographic abnormalities are described
      and discussed and the literature is reviewed.

PMID- 1216300
TI  - Complement fixation and intradermal skin test with partially purified "proteic"
      and "polysaccharidic" antigens from Leishmania donovani.

PMID- 1216301
TI  - Experimental maduromycosis. II. Experimental mycetoma in mice caused by repeated
      injections of Phialophora jeanselmei.
AB  - Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous lesions were produced in 17 out of 22 mice,
      sensitized by repeated subcutaneous injections of P. jeanselmei in FREUND'S
      complete adjuvant. The lesions were essentially self-limiting as were those
      described by us earlier in cortisone-treated mice. Precipitating antibodies and
      cutaneous hypersensitivity could not be demonstrated.

PMID- 1216302
TI  - A comparison of post-mortem analysis of helminths with faecal egg counts.
AB  - Intestinal helminth infections are very common amongst residents of the Colombo
      area. Most common by post-mortem examination of 104 cases of sudden death were
      Trichuris trichiura (97.1%), Necator americanus (88.5%), Enterobius vermicularis
      (77.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (40.4%). Trematode and cestode infections were
      not encountered except a single case of H. diminuta infection. A comparison of
      the results obtained by the direct smear method for examining stools missed cases
      harbouring gravid females of up to 3 Ascaris lumbricoides, 29 Trichuris trichiura
      and 66 Necator americanus. The direct smear revealed all the helminths present
      except threadworms in only 30% of the cases. The correlation between worm loads
      calculated from ova counts and actual numbers harboured was fairly close in 19
      out of 35 cases for Ascaris and 37 out of 78 cases for Necator americanus. Highly
      erroneous results were obtained in many instances when worm loads were calculated
      from the results of ova counts.

PMID- 1216303
TI  - Proceedings: Demonstration of giant chromosomes in the sandfly Lutzomyia
      longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva, 1912).

PMID- 1216304
TI  - Proceedings: A new rodent filaria: a possible model for onchocerciasis.

PMID- 1216305
TI  - Proceedings: The nature of the adverse reaction to diethylcarbamazine treatment
      in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis.

PMID- 1216306
TI  - Proceedings: A trypanosomatid parasite of laboratory-bred Culicoides variipennis.

PMID- 1216307
TI  - Proceedings: Carbamate and organophosphate resistance in Anopheles albimanus.

PMID- 1216308
TI  - Proceedings: Scanning electron microscopy of Leishmania from midguts of
      experimentally infected sandflies.

PMID- 1216309
TI  - Proceedings: Leishmanial serotypes: a preliminary report on strains from Sudan,
      Ethiopia and Kenya.

PMID- 1216310
TI  - Proceedings: Antennal oligomery in the psocid Liposceles bostrychophilus
      (Badonnel 1931).

PMID- 1216311
TI  - Letter: Application of ELISA--enzyme linked immunosorbent assay--in the sero
      diagnosis of amoebiasis.

PMID- 1216313
TI  - Pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - In 217 patients with diabetes mellitus, 32 (14.7%) had also pleuropulmonary
      tuberculosis confirmed by bacteriologic or histologic means. Either unilateral or
      bilateral lower lobe involvement was seen in 20 patients (62.5%). Of these, 75%
      were febrile, the response to antituberculous drugs was slower than in patients
      with apical lesions. Confirmation of tuberculosis was also more difficult in
      patients with lower lobe disease. The prevalence of tuberculosis in diabetic
      patients must be considered and the disease should be especially suspected in
      diabetic patients with lower lobe lesions.

PMID- 1216312
TI  - Radiological patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis in Nigeria.
AB  - Two hundred and sixteen patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were reviewed.
      Childhood and adult patterns of tuberculosis as noted in other countries were
      recognised. However, some children were seen with an adult pattern most probably
      due to a reinfection. There were also adults with the childhood pattern most
      probably due to a failure in the localisation of the primary intra-pulmonary
      parenchymal lesions with subsequent haematogenous spread. The prognosis in
      children with the adult pattern, and in adults with the childhood pattern was
      poor. The lesions (noted in this study) were severe and widespread, and with a
      high incidence of complications such as adenopathy and exudative lesions. The
      high incidence of associated diseases such as measles and malnutrition would
      account for the severity of tuberculosis and the high percentage of negative
      tuberculin tests in these patients. No lobes were exempted from involvement. But
      the upper lobes especially the right were the most affected. Negative
      tuberculosis tests make repeated sputa examinations imperative in the diagnosis
      of tuberculosis in this environment. The high predominance of male patients among
      those with miliary tuberculosis in our study remains unexplained. The genotype
      distribution amongst our patients shows no statistical difference between them
      and that of the population.

PMID- 1216314
TI  - Appendicitis in an urban community of North Celebes, Indonesia.
AB  - In a study of 220 cases of appendicitis among inhabitants of the city of Menado,
      no relationship could be established between incidence and any social class. This
      might be due to the uniformity in food habits, all classes consuming a fair
      amount of proteins, estimated at 1 g/kg bodyweight. There were no children in our
      study material; appendicitis in children is rarely met in the area. There was a
      high incidence among young women and women over 45 years. A short meso-appendix
      was found in 72% of the removed appendices, a retrocoecal position of the
      appendix in 60% of cases. In nearly all the acute forms of appendicitis, the
      appendix was eight cm or longer. Since histopathological signs of inflammation
      were present in 215 of the examined specimens, we think it justifiable to perform
      an appendectomy in cases with recurrent lower abdominal complaints.

PMID- 1216315
TI  - Effect of the Aswan High Dam on prevalence of schistosomiasis in Egypt.
AB  - An increase in the prevalence of schistomiasis in Egypt, as a result of the Aswan
      High Dam, has for long time been predicted because of reclamation of land and
      conversion of annual flooding (basin irrigation) into perennial irrigation in
      Upper Egypt. Two aspects, neglected in the predictions, have been investigated in
      the present study, and these are: the ecological changes, relevant to the
      transmission of the disease, in the Nile itself, and those in irrigation canals
      and drains in areas which had been under perennial irrigation before the
      constriction of the dam. The findings indicate that the Nile, at least in the
      Delta, has become a favorite habitat for breeding of the snail hosts of both
      urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis, a center for human activities and
      evidently for transmission, and that irrigation canals and drains now harbor
      throughout the year undisturbed and stable populations of these snail hosts. This
      has resulted from the elimination in these canals, of the so-called 'winter
      closure', because it is no more needed. Before the dam the closure was enforced
      for about 40 days, during which the canals were closed and dried up, and the silt
      deposited on their beds during the Nile flood dredged out together with the
      snails and aquatic weeds.

PMID- 1216316
TI  - A new focus of onchoceriasis in the Sudan.
AB  - A new focus of onchocerciasis is reported from Upper Atbara River area in the
      Sudan. This river is a known seasonal breeding place of Simulium damnosum. The
      area was sparsely populated in the past but now, following agricultural
      development, is inhibited mainly by immigrants from Northern Nigeria and Chad.
      Clinically the common features are skin changes of the legs, thighs buttocks,
      arms and trunk. Other features are corneal opacities and small often deeply
      placed subcutaneous nodules. Choroido-retinal degeneration, genital elephantiasis
      and hydrocoele, commonly associated with onchocerciasis in other parts of the
      Sudan, are absent.

PMID- 1216317
TI  - Serum alkaline phosphatase activity during pregnancy and the post-partum period
      in Ghanaian women.
AB  - Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was determined in 454 Ghanaian women at
      various stages of pregnancy and the eighteen months following delivery and
      compared with the levels found in 45 non-pregnant women who were not nursing
      babies. There was a statistically significant fall in mean enzyme activity in the
      second trimester, followed by a rise above normal in the third trimester. During
      the eighteen months following delivery, the mean serum alkaline phosphatase
      activities were significantly raised. Increase in plasma volume which occurs
      during pregnancy is suggested as the cause of the fall in serum enzyme activity
      in the second trimester whereas the rise in enzyme activity in the third
      trimester is attributed to the well-known increase in serum alkaline phosphatase
      of placental origin. The prolonged elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase
      activity in the post-partum months is most likely due to the traditional
      prolonged breast-feeding that practised in Ghana.

PMID- 1216318
TI  - Mortality and morbidity pattern in measles in Tanga District, Tanzania.
AB  - Two hundred and fifty children, suffering from measles were studied for morbidity
      and mortality in Tanga District Hospital in Tanzania. The highest incidence of
      measles was in the second half of the first year of childhood (40%). Mortality
      was directly related to the nutritional status and associated complications.
      Medical care at the health centre level by medical auxiliaries during the acute
      phase and the problem of poor weight gain on follow-up are discussed.

PMID- 1216319
TI  - Salmonella weltevreden: a sero-type of increasing public health importance in
      India.
AB  - Infection due to Salmonalla weltevreden in man in India was quite uncommon until
      1970, constituting less than 4% of total human salmonellosis. The incidence of
      infection increase considerably since that year and in 1972 this serotype
      constituted 29.1% of total human and 22.4% of both human and and animal
      salmonellosis. This serotype ranks second among 47 and 83 Salmonella serotypes
      isolated from sewage and other water sources during 1958-1973. The public health
      importance of this serotypes is discussed.

PMID- 1216320
TI  - Isolation of a 'saprophytic' leptospiral serotype andamana from carrier rats in
      Israel.
AB  - The first isolation of two leptospira strains belonging to the serotype andamana
      from the kidney of Rattus norvegicus is reported. A strain of this serotype has
      never before been isolated in the Middle East, nor from any rodent in any other
      part of the world. Its epidemiologic significance and the classification of this
      serotype as part of the saprophytic Biflexa species is discussed.

PMID- 1216321
TI  - Acute viral hepatitis in Papua New Guinea: results of hepatitis B antigen and
      antibody studies.
AB  - Using sensitive haemagglutination techniques, both a group of non-medical Papua
      New Guinean and European patients with acute viral hepatitis were investigated
      for Hepatitis B antigen and antibody. The results are compared with similar
      studies in a control population. Although total exposure rates (obtained by
      combining antigen and antibody techniques) were similar in the European patient
      and control groups, there was a 10% increase in Hepatitis B antigen rate in the
      Papua New Guineans with clinical hepatitis as compared with the control group. It
      is concluded that viral Hepatitis B is proportion of the hepatitis occurring in
      Papua New Guineans is Type B. Normal pooled immunoglobulin should be of use in
      the management of focal or more widespread outbreaks of acute viral hepatitis in
      Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 1216322
TI  - A sero-epidemiologic survey on arbovirus in Wuvulu Island.
AB  - The authors present here the results of a serological survey on arbovirus
      infections, which was conducted on 116 out of 505 inhibitants of Wuvulu island,
      the westernmost island of the Bismarck archipelago, located 260 km north of
      Wewak, Papua-New Guinea. The islanders are divided in two communities of unequal
      size: the Wuvulian themselves, who are Micronesians, and the coconut workers who
      are Melanesians coming from the Sepik district. In addition to the presence of a
      group A virus, this survey shows a recent infection in the Melanesians by Dengue
      type 2 virus, probably during the 1971-72 epidemic. The virus did not reach
      Wuvulu island, as shown by negative results observed in the micronesian sera. A
      better knowledge of the potential dengue mosquito vectors would be useful in
      order to define the risk of an eventual introduction of the virus on the remote
      island.

PMID- 1216323
TI  - The 1974 epidemic of Chikungunya fever in children in Ibadan.
AB  - During an epidemic of Chikunguya fever in Ibadan 16 strains of Chikungunya virus
      were recovered from children reporting sick with fever at the University College
      Hospital and Oluyoro Catholic Hospital Outpatient Clinic. Twelve strains were
      obtained from children within the 1-4 year age group, two from 5-10 year group
      and one each from less than one-year age group, and 10-15 year age group. A
      retrospective survey for neutralising antibodies to Chikungunya shows a
      significantly higher proportion of children were positive for Chikungunya N
      antibodies just after the 1969 epidemic than in 1974 just before the epidemic,
      with resultant pooling of Chikungunya seronegative children who are susceptible
      to infection.

PMID- 1216325
TI  - The traditional basis of neuropsychiatric practice among the Yorubas of Nigeria.
AB  - The Nigerian, because of gross shortage of 'western-trained' health personnel,
      not infrequently resorts to traditional native medicine and the native
      herbalists. The training of these native doctors is an arduous one and lasts on
      the average of 8-10 years. The core of their practice is handed-down tradition
      learned by rote and memorised. Pharmacotherapeutics are based in part on
      observations tested through the ages, and not uncommonly on the cause and effect
      phenomena. They are excellent psychotherapists, and maintain good relationship
      with their patients. Neurology as practised among the Yoruba native doctors
      recognises several classical neurological diseases including epilepsy,
      cerebrovascular accidents, fever and headache, migraine and the tropical ataxic
      neuropathy. Several often compound prescriptions are available, but the
      scientific basis of most of the prescriptions is for the moment unknown to them
      or to modern medicine. It seems that further research into some aspects of
      traditional native medicine may yield some fruitful results.

PMID- 1216324
TI  - The effect of long term anticonvulsant therapy on serum calcium, phosphate and
      alkaline phosphatase in Nigerian epileptic patients.
AB  - A survey of calcium metabolism in fifty-two epileptic patients on long term
      therapy with anti-convulsant drugs, showed that their total serum calcium levels
      were within normal limits. There was neither clinical nor radiological evidence
      of osteomalacia in any of them. It is postulated therefore that the osteomalacic
      effect of antivonculsant drugs reported among Caucasians does not appear to occur
      in African patients in a tropical environment most probably due to the abundance
      of vitamin D derived from the sun's ultra-violet light.

PMID- 1216326
TI  - Medical dilemma: a survey of the healing practice of a Coptic priest and an
      Ethiopian sheik.

PMID- 1216327
TI  - [Comparative electron microscope studies on the labelling Leishmania donovani,
      Leishmania tropica and Leishmania braziliensis with ferritin (author's transl)].
AB  - The labelling of negative charges on the cell surface of the developing
      promastigote forms in Leishmania donovani, L. tropica and L. braziliensis was
      determined using cationized ferritin and electron microscopy. Ferritin deposits
      were seen exclusively on the pellicle, since they cannot penetrate the cell
      membrane. The ferritin particles were distributed in regular rows covering the
      whole cell surface. The mean diameter of the particles was 8.76 nm and at a
      magnification of 104.000 an average of 9.8 particles was detected on 1 cm cell
      surface. Only in the membrane of the proximal part of the reservoir labelling was
      frequently absent. The possible explanations for this observation were discussed.
      There was no difference in the pattern size of the ferritin particles or in their
      number per cm cell surface among the various strains of L. donovani on the one
      hand or between L. donovani, L. tropica and L. braziliensis on the other.

PMID- 1216328
TI  - [Intravaginal infection of the rat with Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida
      albicans. An experimental model for chemotherapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Ovariectomised and oestrogen premedicated rats were infected intravaginally, with
      first C. albicans and then with T. vaginalis. Under these conditions infections
      with T. vaginalis could be established with more reliability than when using
      axenically-cultivated T. vaginalis alone. This mode of infection is easily
      reproduced, and it allows the performance of chemotherapeutic tests on small
      groups of laboratory animals. Such tests were carried out with Metronidazole,
      Tinidazole and Nifuratel.

PMID- 1216330
TI  - Biochemical, immunological and genetic studies in leprosy. III. Genetic
      polymorphism of C3 and immunoglobulin profile in leprosy patients, healthy family
      members and controls.
AB  - 148 members from 30 families (64 children) from Ethiopia, where one of more
      persons were affected with leprosy, were investigated for genetic polymorphism of
      C3, serum concentration of ss1C/ss1A-globulin and immunoglobulins A, G and M
      using high voltage agarose electrophoresis, immunoelectroassay and single radial
      immunodiffusion techniques respectively. The results are compared with related
      healthy controls. No association between C3 phenotypes and leprosy could be
      established through family studies. C3 concentration was, however, lower in
      leprosy patients. Difficulties and drawbacks of such studies with small families
      are discussed.

PMID- 1216329
TI  - [Glutathionestatus of Plasmodium vinckei parasitized erythrocytes in correlation
      to the intraerythrocytic development of the parasite (author's transl)].
AB  - The glutathione status of Plasmodium vinckei parasitized erythrocytes of mice was
      determined in correlation to the intraerythrocytic stage of maturation of the
      parasite. The different stages of blood schizogony were separated by
      discontinuous Dextran-density-centrifugation. The changes of protein content,
      glutathione concentration (reduced/oxidized and bound/free glutathione) and in
      the specific activities of the following enzymes: gamma-glutamyl-cysteine
      synthetase (GC-synthetase), glutathione-reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase (Gl-DH), glutathione-peroxydase (G-POD) and catalase were
      investigated in dependence of the intraerythrocytic stage of development. The
      following changes of the investigated metabolic parameters were observed during
      the schizogony: - the protein content decreased to about one half, - the
      glutathione concentration increased about 10-fold, while the relations
      reduced/oxidized and free/bound glutathione remained constant, - Gl-DH activity
      appeared and increased steeply, - the specific activities of GC-synthetase and of
      GR increased more than 2-fold, while G-POD remained almost constant, - and the
      activities of G-6-PDH and catalase  showed a significant, strong decrease to
      about 25% of the original values. It is tried to relate the observed changes to
      the growing parasite or to the host cell. The significance of the results for the
      metabolism of malaria parasites and for a possible adaptation to the mosquito by
      a GSH mediated protection of the malaria parasite against an enzymatic defence
      reaction of the mosquito, is discussed.

PMID- 1216331
TI  - [Immunodiagnostic tests for bilharziasis. IV. Demonstration of antibody in blood
      and serum eluates collected on filter paper discs (author's transl)].
AB  - Serum and blood samples dried on filter paper discs and normal sera were
      collected from 142 Liberians with proven schistosomiasis and 25 Liberians without
      schistosomiasis. These samples were tested by the indirect hemagglutination test
      (IHA) employing lyophilized sheep erythrocytes sensitized with either cercarial
      or adult Schistosoma mansoni antigens. The following results were obtained: Out
      of the 142 sera collected from the schistosomiasis patients 130 (91.5%) reacted
      with the cercarial antigen and only 89 (62.6%) reacted with the adult S. mansoni
      antigen. None of the 25 sera from persons free of schistosomiasis reacted with
      either antigen. The sensitized lyophilized erythrocytes showed no loss of
      antibody activity after laboratory storage at 4 degrees C for 4 months which was
      interrupted twice for 16 hours each during shipment. Filter paper serum and blood
      samples were stored at -25 degrees C up to 84 days with 16 hours interruption
      during shipment. 77.6% of the eluates from blood showed the same antibody titer
      levels as in normal serum; 10% showed lower antibody titers and 11.5% had
      negative results compared with normal serum. Results obtained with eluates from
      dried serum were somewhat better. An additional storage of the dried blood
      specimens for ten days at room temperature resulted in a rise of the proportion
      of negative titers from 11.5% to 34.1%. This loss of antibody activity was found
      in two thirds of the samples with low antibody titers. The results indicate that
      blood and serum samples dried on filter paper platelets should be stored at low
      temperatures (-25 degrees C) to preserve the antibody response.

PMID- 1216332
TI  - Reactions to subconjunctival inoculation of Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae in
      pre-immunized rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits, pre-immunized by intravenous inoculations of live, or of freeze-killed
      microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus, were later challenged by subconjunctival
      inoculation of live microfilariae. Those pre-immunized with live microfilariae
      showed a marked chemotic conjunctivitis and reactions in the cornea (stromal
      keratitis and limbal abscesses), starting within one day of challenge. They were
      classed as sensitized. Those pre-immunized with dead microfilariae produced
      minimal reactions also starting on day 1, and were classed as tolerant.
      Histologically the reactions were distinctly greater in sensitized than in
      tolerant animals. The predominant cells in the inflammatory exudate were
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes and lymphocytes. The immunological basis for the
      differences between sensitized and tolerant rabbits is discussed, together with
      its possible bearing on human onchocerciasis. The effects of long-term
      subconjunctival and sclerocorneal inoculation of microfilariae were compared in
      one sensitized, one tolerant, one previously exposed, and one sensitized control
      rabbit. The sensitized test animal showed lesions resembling the sclerosing
      keratitis of human onchocerciasis. Immature microfilariae taken from intra
      nodular fluid showed little ability to penetrate the cornea of the rabbit, and
      were minimally pathogenic.

PMID- 1216333
TI  - Factors influencing the passage of Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae into the
      urine.
AB  - The effect of various substances on the output of Onchocerca volvulus
      microfilariae in the urine was investigated in volunteers infected with the
      Cameroon forest and Sudan-savanna strains of the parasite. Output of
      microfilariae in the urine tended to be higher during periods of normal activity
      than during sleep. During waking hours, the rate of output remained generally
      steady, but in some patients occasional showers of microfilariae appeared in the
      urine, possibly associated with the intake of food and drink. Drinking 1.2-2.5
      litres water produced a shower of microfilariae in the urine of some subjects.
      This began within an hour of drinking and its onset preceeded that of the
      diuresis. Thiazide diuretics, acting on the convoluted tubules, produced no
      increase in microfilaruria. In savanna subjects intravenous injection of DT TAB
      vaccine caused pyrexia, and simultaneously large numbers of microfilariae
      appeared in the urine. There was no associated diuresis, and no increase in the
      concentration of microfilariae in the venous blood. In forest subjects DT TAB
      caused no increase in microfilaruria. In all subjects 25-50 mg diethylcarbamazine
      (DEC) caused large numbers of microfilariae to appear in the urine on day 0,
      within a few hours of the first dose; and there was an increased output of urine
      over the first 24 hours. Microfilaruria declined sharply on day 1 of treatment,
      but in subjects developing a high microfilaraemia, it rose again on day 2, and
      declined more slowly thereafter. Betamethazone, given in conjunction with DEC,
      appeared to slow the rate of destruction of microfilariae in the skin and lymph
      glands, and to prolong the duration of microfilaraemia and microfilaruria. The
      findings suggest that there is a reservoir of microfilariae in the glomerular
      capillaries, which fills slowly by accumulating microfilariae from the
      circulating blood. The microfilariae probably enter the urine by penetrating the
      glomerular capillary.

PMID- 1216334
TI  - Visual impairment and incidence of blindness in Liberia and their relation to
      onchocerciasis.
AB  - The results of the epidemiological survey of 10,860 inhabitants of 121 Liberian
      communities from 1969-1971 were analysed on the prevalence, incidence and risk of
      blindness associated with onchocerciasis infection. The overall prevalence of
      economic blindness in the population sample was 3.24%, the total rate of measured
      visual damage in both eyes was 5.37% (impairment of vision etc.). Onchocerciasis
      was prevalent in a very high proportion of those having visual defects. Causes of
      blindness as by frequency were cataract in 45%, lesions of the anterior segment,
      other than onchocerciasis-related in 14%, phthisis bulbi (9%) and optic atrophy
      (6%). The importance of onchocerciasis as a cause of blindness and as a public
      health problem in Liberia is examined by the comparison of 5 categories of
      village populations, classified by their adjusted onchocerciasis prevalence
      rates. The risk of exposure to onchocerciasis increases gradually from nil to
      100%, providing one infection-free control population and increasing degrees of
      prevalence in the next categories, dependent on duration of exposure and
      intensity of transmission. The attempt to estimate the risk of blindness
      attributable to onchocerciasis from this data reveals a 3-fold risk in people
      exposed to the infection in their habitat, whereas a 2,5-fold risk is found from
      the evaluation of findings in people classified by mf-prevalence in their skins
      only. Considering a proportion of at least 65% of the rural population to be
      living under onchocerciasis exposure, the attributable risk amounts to more than
      50%, which suggests that this population suffers from 50% more blindness than
      would be expected without exposure to onchocerciasis sometime in life.

PMID- 1216335
TI  - On two filarioid worms, Setaria labiatopapillosa and Pseudofilaria giraffae n.
      sp., from the East African giraffe.
AB  - A single, however gravid, female filarioid worm collected from the peritoneal
      cavity of a giraffe in East Africa was identified as Setaria labiatopapillosa.
      Further filarioid worms recovered from the subcutaneous tissue and the Ligamentum
      nuchae of the same giraffe were recognized a new species and were described as
      Pseudofilaria giraffae.

PMID- 1216336
TI  - [Investigations on the filariidae of the cervidae in Southern Germany. 3. The
      filariidae of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Roe deer in southern Germany are frequently infected with W. rugosicauda. The
      adult worms are found subcutaneously in the connective tissues of the back of the
      host. The microfilariae concentrate in a considerable distance near the nose, in
      smaller numbers also in the ears and in the skin of the legs. The vector is
      probably Ixodes ricinus. In fallow deer C. wenki are found intradermally and
      subcutaneously. The microfilariae remain in the skin near the site of the adult
      worms. Skin inhabiting microfilariae of another filariid worm are found which
      cannot be associated with the described species of Cervidae. The host specificity
      of the filariid forms of roe deer, fallow deer and red deer is indicated, the
      development of the microfilarial distribution patterns is discussed.

PMID- 1216337
TI  - Use of larvivorous fish for vector control in the Malvides Republic.
AB  - The paper reports on the use of three larvivorous fishes in the Maldives
      Republic: Poecilia reticulata (Poeciliidae), Mollienesia sphenops
      (Cyprinodontidae) and for the first time Kuhlia taeniurus (Kuhliidae), a sea fish
      adapted to life in wells, which are the only sources of water supply (with the
      exception of a few rain-water cisterns). The approximately 20 000 wells are the
      main and all-year-round breeding places for both Anophelines and Culicines. Due
      to this type of breeding places, Maldives are in a unique situation, that the
      fish can theoretically be used as the main control measure for filariasis. This
      requires an absolute minimum of work and no cost at all. There has been a
      reduction of the filariasis overall endemicity rates over the last 10 years
      although no specific measures have been carried out (except in the capital city
      of Male) nor have any ecological changes taken place, which could explain this
      decrease. With this decrease however there has been lately a marked reduction in
      the percentage of wells with fish in some atolls.

PMID- 1216338
TI  - Determination of the acetylator phenotype in a Northern Nigerian population.
AB  - The sulphadimidine method was used to determine the acetylator phenotype in
      tuberculosis patients and hospital workers at Ahmadu Bello University Hospital,
      Zaria, Nigeria. The method gave good discrimination between slow and rapid
      acetylators. The proportion of slow acetylators in the whole group was 49 per
      cent and this is similar to other results from Negro populations.

PMID- 1216339
TI  - Determination of the acetylator phenotype using matrix isoniazid.
AB  - The development of a simple method for classifying subjects as slow or rapid
      acetylators is reported. The method is based on determining the ratio of
      acetylisoniazid to acid-labile isoniazid in the urine 23-24 hours after an oral
      dose of a slow-release isoniazid formulation. The results obtained when this
      method was applied to phenotype over 200 East African tuberculosis patients are
      described. It is suggested that the method would be particularly suitable for
      classifying tuberculosis out-patients.

PMID- 1216341
TI  - [Change in conformation of histones F 2a and F 2b in solutions of different ionic
      strength].
AB  - A change was studied in the differential absorption spectra and fluorescence
      quantum yield of histones F2a and F2b with the ionic strength varies. It is shown
      that the structure of the histone F2a molecule stops changing with an increase in
      the concentration of NaCl up to 0.5 M. In the histone F2b molecule the
      conformational changes occur with the NaCl concentration less than 1.0 M. The
      conformation change results in formation of hydrophobic areas on the histone
      surface, which intensifies the histone-histone interaction. The role of the
      histone conformational changes for regulation of gene activity is discussed.

PMID- 1216340
TI  - [Comparative study in structure of myoglobins in semiaquatic animals: Castor
      fiber, Ondatra Zibethica, Lutra lutra].
AB  - A degree of similarity in the structure of myoglobins in the semiaquatic animals
      (beaver, muskrat, otter) is shown by the finger-print method with the
      determination of amino acids content in peptides. It is established that about
      2/3 of the acid sequence in the investigated myoglobins are invariable. An
      assumption is advanced that these regions of the structure are of most importance
      in the functional respect.

PMID- 1216342
TI  - [Kinetics of thrombinogenesis and thrombin-fibrinogen reaction inhibition by
      lipoid anticoagulants].
AB  - Influence of the lipoid anticoagulant (phospholipid brain fraction) was studied
      as applied to thrombokinasogenesis, thrombinogenesis and on the thrombine
      fibrinogene reaction with different concentrations of the substance under study
      and substrates of the corresponding processes. The lipoid coagulation was
      established to inhibit chiefly the transformation of prothrombine into thrombine
      and to a less extent--fibrinogene into fibrin. A graphic analysis of the
      inhibiton kinetics indicates that in the thrombinogenesis process the lopoid
      anticoagulant acts as an inhibitor which interacts with the substrate and the
      thrombine--fibrinogene reaction is supressed by it in the conjugate-checking
      manner.

PMID- 1216343
TI  - [Peculiarities of RNA synthesis in sections of rat liver tissues and cells of
      chicken embryos under conditions of protein synthesis inhibition].
AB  - Kinetics of radioactive predecessors incorporation into RNA and proteins of the
      rat liver and chicken embryos cells was studied as affected by different doses of
      cycloheximide. In both cases a definite dependence is established for changes in
      the specific radioactivity of nuclei and cytoplasm RNA on the antibiotic
      concentration: the doses of cycloheximide which cause an insignificant inhibition
      of protein biosynthesis do not evoke an increase in the intensity of RNA
      biosynthesis. Intermediate doses of cyclohemide in certain periods of incubation
      stimulate incorporation of 2-14C-orotic acid into RNA both in experiments with
      the tissue sections and with cell culture. A dependence is supposed to be between
      the intracellular bond of the changes in RNA biosynthesis on a degree of protein
      biosynthesis inhibition.

PMID- 1216344
TI  - [Effect of trypsin on endogenous RNA synthesis of cell nuclei].
AB  - The effect of trypsin on endogenous RNA-polymerase activity was studied in the
      rat liver and kidney cell nuclei. It is shown that the endogenic ability for RNA
      synthesis of the liver nuclei is higher than that of the kidney ones. Trypsin
      effect causing chromatin histone hydrolysis and deblocking of the genome-primer
      results in the above 4-fold stimulation of RNA synthesis in both types of nuclei.
      Ammonium sulphate causes an additional growth of nuclei transcription ability. On
      the basis of the data on determining the endogenic RNA-polymerase activity in the
      medium with MgCl2, on the one hand, and in the medium with MnCl2 and ammonium
      sulphate, on the other, a conclusion is drawn that caryoplasmatic form of RNA
      polymerase in the kidney nuclei prevails as compared with the liver nuclei.

PMID- 1216345
TI  - [Chymotrypsin-like proteinases in microbial proteolytic complexes].
AB  - A considerable amount of proteinase of chemotrypsin type (AO-ct) was found in the
      proteolytic system of Asp. oryzae, strain "h"-476. The proteinase produces an
      intensive effect when hydrolyzing p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) -- 18-20 times as
      strong as that of crystalline chemotrypsin. Comparison of the AO-ct and
      chemotrypsin properties resulted in proving the enzyme nature of the p-NPA
      hydrolysis reaction. A study of AO-ct specificity with the presence of such
      substrates as p-NPA, o-nitro-phenyl acetate, 2,4,dinitrophenyl acetate (2,4-DNP)
      showed that displacement of the nitrogroup into the ortho-position produces a 4
      fold inhibition in the hydrolysis, introduction into the molecule of other
      nitrogroup (2,4-DNP) -- a 9-10 fold inhibition, the effect of chemotrypsin on
      them is considerably weaker, but 2.4-DNP hydrolyses more intensively. Definite
      differences are found in the effect of AO-ct and chemotrypsin in hydrolysis of
      phenyl acetate, N-benzoyl-tyrosine-methyl ester and casein. All the reactions are
      completely inhibited with DFP. The esterolytic activity (substrate p-NPA) is
      detected in a series of the exocellular proteolytic complexes, their effect being
      rather intensive but diverse.

PMID- 1216346
TI  - [Soluble neutral peptide hydrolases of nervous tissue].
AB  - Soluble forms of neutral peptide-hydrolases (protaminsulphate as a substrate) of
      the cat cerebral hemisphere grey and white matter were investigated by the method
      of gel-filtration on Sephadex G-150. The results of the experiments showed that
      grey and white matter of the cerebral hemispheres contains different forms of
      soluble neutral peptide-hydrolases. The products of protaminsulphate hydrolysis
      were analyzed by the method of gel-filtration as well (Sephadex G-25). Under the
      influence of the studied enzymes of protaminsulphate hydrolysis occurs due to
      subsequent splitting of C-terminal residues of arginine. It means that the
      studied soluble neutral peptide-hydrolases of grey and white matter of the cat
      cerebral hemisphere may be referred to the group of exopeptidases.

PMID- 1216347
TI  - [Effect of Triton-100 on activity and solubilization of brain acid proteinases].
AB  - The activity and solubilization of acid proteinases of grey and white matter of
      the cat great cerebral hemispheres were studied as affected by the detergent
      triton X-100. High concentrations of the detergent evoke a significant decrease
      of the activity in grey matter and significant increase--in white one. It is
      found that 20-25% of the activity of the grey matter acid proteinases are
      strongly bound with the studied tissues and not release under the effect of the
      detergent in high concentrations.

PMID- 1216348
TI  - [Inhibiting effect of sodium dodecylsulphate on DNase of animal tissues].
AB  - The activity of DNases in homogenates of the spleen, thyroid gland and intestine
      mucosa of rats as well as in solution of purified pancreatic DNase was studied as
      affected by sodium dodecylsulphate. Dodecylsulphate has an inhibitory effect on
      all the studied DNase. The effect grows up to complete inhibition of DNases with
      an increase in the content of detergent in the incubation mixture from 0.5 to 5
      10 mg/ml.

PMID- 1216349
TI  - [Activity of asparaginase and glutaminase of chickens with experimental
      sarcomatosis].
AB  - It is established that the activity of asparaginase in the chicken pectoral
      muscle tumours is considerably higher than of that in normal muscle. Dynamics of
      the asparaginase activity in blood is parallel to the changes in the enzymatic
      activity in the tumour under experimental sarcomatosis. The higher asparaginase
      activity is also observed in the vicera except for the liver in the terminal
      period of sarcomatosis development. The glutaminase activity is found to be more
      stable.

PMID- 1216350
TI  - [Isoenzymic composition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of subcellular
      fractions of rabbit tissues under alloxan diabetes].
AB  - The isoenzymes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD, EC 1.1.1.49) was
      studied in hyaloplasm and mitochondria of the liver, myocardium, skeletal muscle,
      spleen and adrenals of alloxan diabetic rabbits. The most significant changes
      were found in the liver hyaloplasm: one of the minor isoenzymes, isoenzyme "C",
      disappears and the zone of the main isoenzyme "E" decreases significantly in
      comparison with the control. It was found that the intensity of these changes
      depends on the glycemia level in the diabetic animals.

PMID- 1216351
TI  - [Krebs cycle in tissue of rats subjected to combined effect of hypercapnia,
      hypoxia and cooling].
AB  - The content of the Krebs cycle substrates and activity of dehydrogenases
      corresponding to them were studied in the brain and myocardium tissues of the non
      linear male rats adapted to acute hypoxia under conditions of the altered gas
      medium. The content of malate and succinic acid was studied in the liver and
      skeletal muscles only. In the brain the total activity of malate dehydrogenase
      (MDH, EC 1.1.1.37, 1.1.1.39) alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KDH, EC 1.2.4.2)
      pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH, EC 1.2.4.1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH, EC
      1.1.1.41-42) is shown to be decreased and kept to be lowered in all the periods
      of the study. No essential shifts in the activity of these dehydrogenases were
      found in the myocardium. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, EC
      1.3.99.1) in both tissues lowers 48 h after the effect of the mentioned factors.
      Simultaneously the greatest changes in the level of the substrates were observed
      in the myocardium, in the brain they were less developed. In the liver the
      content of malate increases without pronounced changes in the amount of succinic
      acid and in the skeletal muscles the level of malate and succinic acid lowers.

PMID- 1216352
TI  - [Effect of hyperoxia on calcium transport in mitochondria of brain and liver].
AB  - The active and passive transport of radioactive calcium was studied in
      experiments on the brain and liver mitochondria, homogenates of brain and
      erythrocytes of albino rats subjected to the toxic effect of oxygen under
      pressure. The processes of the Ca2+ active transport preparations under
      examination are established to be inhibited after the effect of hyperoxia. The
      passive transport is considerably less dependent on the previous effect of
      oxygen. A conclusion is drawn on the prevailing sensitivity of the calcium energy
      dependent transport to the damaging effect of hyperoxia.

PMID- 1216353
TI  - [Metabolism of ATP in rat tissues under different experimental states].
AB  - The content and incorporation intensity of tritium from methionine CH33-groups as
      well as ATP phosphorus renewal of the skeletal muscles, liver and brain were
      studied in albino rats as effected by proserin, nicotinic acid and the vagus
      cutting. It is established that the organs and tissues with a high metabolic
      activity of ATP are characterized by a higher level of its renewal of ATP.
      Proserin and the vagus cutting are most likely to affect the renewal of ATP
      through choline metabolism. Nicotinic acid may affect the renewal of ATP through
      pyridine nucleotides in the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 1216354
TI  - [Change in the content of free amino acids in brain tissue and blood plasma of
      rabbits under the effect of hydrocortisone].
AB  - The influence of a single and long term intramuscular hydrocortisone injections
      on the content of free amino acids was studied in the rabbit brain tissue and
      blood plasma. It is shown that exogenous hydrocortisone changes the content of
      certain amino acids in the brain. The changes in the free amino acids spectrum in
      blood plasma are more significant than in the brain under the hydrocortisone
      effect. The direction of the changes in blood plasma at the single and long term
      hormone administration is the same, their degree of expression depends on the
      time of administration.

PMID- 1216355
TI  - [Preparative separation of thiamine di- and triphosphates by ion-exchange
      chromatography].
AB  - The conditions were developed for preparative isolation of thiamine triphosphate
      (TTP) from a mixture of phosphoric acid esters of thiamine (PET) (40-80 mg
      thiamine). The Dowex 1 x 4 resin (acetate form) and triethylammonium acetate
      (TEAA), pH 4.5 as an eluent were used. The employment of volatile TEAA instead of
      acetate buffer facilitates the obtaining of concentrated TTP preparations and
      their subsequent identification. This method is successfully used for
      purification of commercial cocarboxylase preparations (TDP) (80 mg by PET). In
      comparison with electrophoresis and paper chromatography, the preparative
      isolation of TTP and TDP by the ion-exchange chromagraphic method is less
      laborious and permits larger amounts of PET to be separated for a single run.

PMID- 1216356
TI  - [High-voltage electrophoresis and its application in combination with other
      methods for protein structure studies].
AB  - The method of high-voltage paper electrophoresis may be applied not only for
      peptide separation, but also in modifications and combinations with other
      methods, so, by means of aminoethylation and maleylation it is possible to
      broaden or narrow the range of trypsin action. This, in its turn, makes it
      possible to isolate preparatively lysin- and arginine-containing peptides,
      oxidation with performic acid enables the thyol-containing fragments to be
      isolated and application of carboxypeptidase A-C-terminal peptide of protein.
      When studying the primary structure of proteins the method has already found its
      widest application but with an increase in the number of methods of protein
      specific modification its potentiabilities will be even wider.

PMID- 1216357
TI  - [Urine screening in young Danish drug addicts].

PMID- 1216358
TI  - [Rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of
      the thumb].

PMID- 1216359
TI  - [Lesions of the eyes caused by fireworks of the 1974-75 New Year].

PMID- 1216360
TI  - [Median cleft face-syndrome. Frontal-nasal dysplasia. DeMyer's syndrome].

PMID- 1216361
TI  - [Amiloride (Nilurid, M.S.D.)].

PMID- 1216362
TI  - [Polydexide (Secholex, Pharmacia)].

PMID- 1216363
TI  - [Risks involved in emergency ambulance driving].

PMID- 1216364
TI  - [Pediatrics in the hospital of Bugando, Mwanza, Tanzania].

PMID- 1216365
TI  - Accuracy and limitations of the ultrasonic Doppler blood velocimeter and zero
      crossing detector.

PMID- 1216366
TI  - Development of the ultrasonic flowmeter.

PMID- 1216367
TI  - A new mechanical real time ultrasonic contact scanner.

PMID- 1216368
TI  - Ultrasonic attenuation in human tissue.

PMID- 1216370
TI  - Unchanged growth patterns of Acanthamoeba exposed to intermediate intensity
      ultrasound.

PMID- 1216369
TI  - Errors and artifacts encountered in the monitoring of fetal respiratory movements
      using untrasound.

PMID- 1216371
TI  - [Symposium on intrauterine genetics. Reproductive failures in relation to
      chromosome abnormalities].

PMID- 1216372
TI  - [Biochemical approach to prenatal diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism and
      congenital malformations].

PMID- 1216373
TI  - [Case of atypical cutaneous syphilis].

PMID- 1216374
TI  - [Syndrome of amniotic bands].

PMID- 1216375
TI  - [Pulmonary abscesses in a general hospital (1963-1973)].

PMID- 1216376
TI  - [The pentagastrin test: clinical correlations of 400 patients].

PMID- 1216377
TI  - [Structure and function of the eccrine sweat glands. Part I: structure].

PMID- 1216379
TI  - [The therapeutic trial].

PMID- 1216378
TI  - [Treatment of varicose veins of the legs by sclerosing injections].

PMID- 1216380
TI  - [Toxicomanias in the light of comparative psychiatry].

PMID- 1216381
TI  - [XXXX syndrome. Apropos of a further case observed since birth].

PMID- 1216382
TI  - [Asthma in very young children (14-30 months) II. Allergic characteristics III.
      General conclusions].

PMID- 1216383
TI  - [Results of 1,821 parasitic serologies carried out at the Hotel-Dieu de Montreal
      in 1974].

PMID- 1216385
TI  - [Intestinal obstruction by a phytobezoar in post-gastrectomy patients; apropos of
      2 cases].

PMID- 1216384
TI  - [Early postpartum intrauterine device insertion].

PMID- 1216386
TI  - [Note on transsexulaism].

PMID- 1216387
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency after intravenous urography by perfusion in cases of
      diabetic nephropathy].

PMID- 1216388
TI  - [Prevalence and morbidity of diabetes in a French-Canadian hospital in Montreal].

PMID- 1216389
TI  - [Nutrition of pregnant women: I. Dietary habits and their changes during
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1216390
TI  - A study of middle-aged men with particular reference to risk factors for
      cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 1216392
TI  - [Clinical course and diagnosis of cancer of the gallbladder].
AB  - Basing on clinical observations over 51 patients with cancer of the gallbladder
      the authors support the opinion of many medical researchers that, in most cases,
      the disease develop with cholelithiasis in the background. To establish the
      diagnosis of cancer of the bladder prior to surgery is possible only taking into
      account the complex of manifestations in patients with a persistant anamnesis of
      cholelithiasis. The mortality rate is high. One of the effective prophylactic
      measures against development of the bladder cancer is felt to be an early
      operative treatment for cholelithiasis and its complications.

PMID- 1216391
TI  - [Surgical tactics in acute cholecystitis in old patients].
AB  - Based on some characteristic features of the clinical course of acute
      cholecystitis and large number of its destructive forms in aged persons, it is
      recommended to operate patients of this group during 24-28 hours after their
      admission. 216 aged and senile patients with acute cholecystitis were operated
      upon, the postoperative mortality being 9.7%. Cholecystectomy is considered to be
      the operation of choice. In the appropriate indications this operation was
      associated with drainage of the common bile duct. Cholecystostomy was performed
      in 10.6%.

PMID- 1216393
TI  - [Transhepatic drainage of bile ducts in their high cicatricial stricture].
AB  - The method of combined, transhepatic and transanastomotic external drainage of
      bile passages in their high cicatricial narrowing is described. A transhepatic
      drainage tube was inserted under visual control in the 3d segment duct at the
      marginal section of the liver. Such method of draining bile passages enabled a
      more successful treatment of purulent cholangitis, sanation of bile ducts from
      fine concretions. Intraoperative injection of a dye stuff via the transhepatic
      drainage may facilitate considerably a search for bile ducts in cicatricial
      tissues of the hepatic porta.

PMID- 1216394
TI  - [Ligature with insoluble material as a cause of formation of bile duct calculi].
AB  - The author reports 5 observations on formation of secondary concretions in bile
      ducts due to getting into the latter silk, capron and lavsan ligatures put on the
      vesical duct stump or the common bile duct wall. A running suture from the
      unresolved material proved to be most hazardous in this respect. Sutures from
      slowly resolving materials such as chromisized catgut best of all meet the
      requirements of surgical procedures on bile ducts.

PMID- 1216395
TI  - [Endoscopic diagnosis of masked perforated peptic ulcer].
AB  - Fifty eight patients hospitalized with a suspicion to masked perforated ulcer of
      the stomach and duodenum were subjected to urgent fibrogastroduodenoscopy by
      means of modern endoscopes with fiber optics. In 8 cases the perforation was
      diagnosed during endoscopy and subsequently supported intraoperatively. In the
      remaining patients the diagnosis of perforated ulcer was rejected. An application
      of urgent endoscopy in patients suspected of masked perforated gastric or
      duodenal ulcer made it possible to avoid useless laparotomies and shorten the
      terms of preoperative examination and determination of indications to surgical
      therapy.

PMID- 1216396
TI  - [Causes of development of peritonitis after appendectomy].
AB  - According to the authors' data peritonitis developed after appendectomy in 122 of
      18347 patients, operated upon for acute appendicitis, was an extremely grave
      complication of this lesion and the related surgical intervention. The main
      causes for development of postoperative peritonitis were local and diffuse
      peritonitis (101 cases), more rarely--technical and tactical errors made during
      the operation. Due to diagnostic difficulties a purposeful treatment for
      postoperative peritonitis was undertaken with a delay, reoperations were
      performed in late terms and not in every case either. The mortality due to
      postoperative peritonitis made 23 per cent.

PMID- 1216397
TI  - [Etiology of nontuberculous spontaneous pneumothorax].
AB  - Under observation were 158 patients treated for spontaneous pneumothorax (138
      males and 20 females aged from 16 to 81 years). In 83% no causes of the lung
      rupture were revealed. Total collapse was observed in 38%, partial collapse--in
      44.3%, collapsing of one lobe--in 9.5% and gas as a parietal band--in 8.2%.
      Eighteen patients were operated upon, 83% of patients showed symptoms not
      corresponding to pathophysiology of perforating pneumothorax. Taking into account
      the literature data and their personal observations the authors consider that not
      infrequently the primary mechanism of neuroreflectory pulmonary collapse underlie
      nontuberculous spontaneous pneumothorax in seemingly sound persons.

PMID- 1216398
TI  - [Appendicular form of intestinal yersiniosis].
AB  - The authors report twenty three cases of intestinal yerseniosis revealed among
      575 patients operated upon for acute appendicitis. The diagnosis was supported
      bacteriologically and serologically. The disease proceeded with a predominant
      involvement of the appendicular process. Various forms of acute appendicitis were
      observed. Common appendicitis was noted in 6 cases, phlegmonous--in 15,
      gangrenous--in 2.

PMID- 1216399
TI  - [Remote results of treatment of chronic duodenal obstruction].
AB  - It is the authors' opinion that surgery after the E. V. Smirnov technic yields
      favourable results in uncomplicated forms of chronic duodenal obstruction. If the
      latter is associated with diseases of the pancreas and liver, then better results
      seem to be provided by the A. P. Mirzaev and Strong operation. Less satisfactory
      issues were gained while constructing gastro-enteroanastomosis and accomplishing
      pyloropexy to the round hepatic ligament. These operations should be of somewhat
      limited use in case of chronic duodenal obstruction. The results of clinical
      observations are described.

PMID- 1216401
TI  - [Postoperative hernias and adhesions in the abdominal cavity].
AB  - According to the author's findings both during the operation for postoperative
      hernias and abdominal adhesions and postoperatively the use of proteolytic
      enzymes, antiallergic therapy, and stimulation of the bowel peristalsis would
      give favourable results with a complete recovery of patients, in whom besides
      hernia also abdominal adhesions were observed. The operative technic is
      described.

PMID- 1216400
TI  - [Adhesive intestinal obstruction in the light of immediate and late results].
AB  - The immediate and late results of surgery for adhesive intestinal obstruction
      were followed up in 235 patients. For prophylaxis of intestinal hypodynamia it is
      recommended to inject 0.25% novocain solution intraabdominally in the
      postoperative period. It is found that such kind of injections prevent peritoneal
      adhesions. Intraperitoneal injections of 0.25% novocain solution yield favourable
      and satisfactory results in 86.3% of cases, while without using novocain good and
      satisfactory results were noted only in 49.1%.

PMID- 1216402
TI  - [Thrombectomy in acute thrombosis after reconstructive operations on the arteries
      of the limbs].
AB  - While performing 152 reconstructive operations for obliterating lesions of large
      arteries of the lower extremities, the authors observed early acute thromboses of
      the graft in 12 patients (following operations on the femoropopliteal region and
      crural arteries). Of 12 patients 7 subjects were reoperated upon. In 6 cases
      indirect thrombectomy from the autovenous shunt or endarterectomized arterial
      segment by a baloon catheter proved to be quite feasible. The patients were
      discharged with adequate compensation of the extremity circulation. In one case
      there was obliteration of the shunt. In 5 patients treated conservatively for
      acute thrombosis of the graft a gangrene of the limb developed, and it had to be
      amputated.

PMID- 1216403
TI  - [Role of phlebography in surgery of recurrent varicose veins of the lower limbs].
AB  - It is believed by the investigators of recurrent venous varicosity of lower limbs
      that phlebography aids to detect errors of the performed operative procedure and
      to reveal what caused the recurrence. The authors' experience comprise 48 distal,
      ascending, vertical phlebographies, and 47 pelvic and retrograde femoral ones in
      60 patients, both explorations being utilized for 28 lower limbs. Distal
      phlebography in 44 of 48 examined patients indicated insufficiency of perforated
      veins that caused the recurrent crural varices. It is considered that in surgical
      therapy for venous varicosity a due consideration should be given for both a
      liquidation of recognized errors of the preceding surgery and a correction of
      pathological changes in deep veins of the lower extremities.

PMID- 1216404
TI  - [Treatment of pulmonary gangrene].
AB  - Seven cases of pulmonary gangrene are reported. The conservative therapy would
      somewhat improve the general patient's condition, but the destructive process in
      the lung proceeded. One patient was subjected to thoracotomy, in 6 subjects due
      to the extensive lesion pneumonectomy was performed. Postoperatively, pleural
      empyema developed in all patients, the former was eliminated by punctures and
      lavage of the pleural cavity during 2 months. One patient died after
      pneumonectomy, the remaining 5 patients radically operated upon were discharged
      with a completely liquidated suppurative process. It is the author's opinion that
      pneumonectomy seems to be a perspective and radical method of treatment for
      gangrene. Pneumotomy should be accomplished only in extremely grave cases.

PMID- 1216405
TI  - [Surgical aspects of formation of arteriovenous fistulas and experience with
      their use in chronic hemodialysis].
AB  - The authors report their experience with 71 procedures of constructing a
      subcutaneous arterio-venous fistula in 56 patients suffering chronic venous
      insufficiency. Surgical technic of 7 various modifications in producing arterio
      venous fistulas on the upper and lower extremities is described and the methods
      of the postoperative management, as well. An analysis of main complications is
      given. By means of arterio-venous fistulas over 700 seances of hemodialysis were
      performed.

PMID- 1216406
TI  - [Teratoma of the thyroid gland in newborn infant].

PMID- 1216407
TI  - [Splenic and intestinal ectopia in a child].

PMID- 1216409
TI  - [Treatment of humeral fractures by intramedullary osteosynthesis].
AB  - Observations over 175 patients, treated for closed and open fractures of the
      brachial bone by intramedullary osteosynthesis with a metallic nail, are
      analysed. Among 175 patients 128 subjects were operated upon for closed brachial
      fractures, 26--for open fractures, and 21--for gunshot ones.

PMID- 1216408
TI  - [Surgical treatment of dislocation of the acromial process of the clavicle].
AB  - An original method of osteosynthesis of the clavicular-acromial juncture, that
      differs from the currently used technics and provides a secure fixation, is
      suggested. Fourty six patients were operated upon, using the technic described,
      with good immediate and late results.

PMID- 1216410
TI  - [Traumatic injuries of the pancreas].
AB  - The authors examined 8 patients with isolated and associated injuries of the
      pancreas. It is concluded that the correct preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic
      injuries present considerable difficulties and seems to be feasible in single
      cases due to the absence of pathognomonic symptoms. It is the authors' opinion
      that a selection of the optimum extent of surgical intervention should be made
      individually, depending on the character of anatomical changes in the pancreas,
      the presence of associated injuries, concomitant lesions, general patient's
      state, etc.

PMID- 1216411
TI  - [Combined stab injuries of the liver, common bile duct and portal vein].

PMID- 1216412
TI  - [Poststenotic aneurysm of the pulmonary artery simulating central form of lung
      cancer].

PMID- 1216413
TI  - [Treatment of late-diagnosed perforations and ruptures of the esophagus].

PMID- 1216415
TI  - [Splenic and renal artery anastomosis in vasorenal hypertension].

PMID- 1216414
TI  - [Hepatic artery injuries during cholecystectomy and stomach resection].

PMID- 1216416
TI  - [Accessory lobe of the pancreas].

PMID- 1216417
TI  - [Mucus retention cysts (mucocele) of the vermiform process].

PMID- 1216418
TI  - [Neurilemmoma of the bone].

PMID- 1216419
TI  - Editorial: Controls on imports of captive birds.

PMID- 1216420
TI  - Immune globulin studies of the "collapse syndrome" in suckled calves.
AB  - A total of 351 single suckled beef calves were blood sampled during the first
      three days of life and thereafter twice weekly until five samples had been
      obtained. Eighty four calves suffered from diarrhoea and 23 of these died. No
      relationship could be found between the total circulating immune globulin level
      of a calf and its subsequent fate, suggesting that the syndrome with which many
      calves were affected is different in character from other forms of neonatal
      bovine diarrhoea.

PMID- 1216421
TI  - A health service for horses.
AB  - The current position of the horse in the United Kingdom is discussed and the
      attitudes of the horse-owning public are examined. It is suggested that there are
      welfare, economic and practical advantages to owners and the veterinary
      profession in a veterinary health scheme for horses. A scheme which has been
      tried successfully in the field is discussed.

PMID- 1216422
TI  - The incidence of stillbirth in cases of dystocia in sows.

PMID- 1216423
TI  - Dieldrin poisoning in a captive bird of prey.

PMID- 1216424
TI  - Letter: Acute respiratory distress in dogs.

PMID- 1216425
TI  - Letter: Euthanasia of small animals.

PMID- 1216426
TI  - Editorial: Better a living dog . . .

PMID- 1216427
TI  - Biochemical studies of the "collapse syndrome" in suckled calves.
AB  - A total of 351 single-suckled beef calves were blood sampled at twice-weekly
      intervals for the first two and a half weeks of life. Twenty three of them died,
      13 of a syndrome characterised by acute collapse and 10 of diarrhoea which had
      persisted for several days before death. Those which died acutely showed a sudden
      terminal rise in blood levels of potassium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate and
      total protein. Those which died after several days of diarrhoea showed a more
      gradual increase in blood chloride and urea concentrations and in packed cell
      volume values. It is suggested that these changes indicate a difference in the
      pathogenesis of the two situations. Calves which died had lower blood glucose
      levels before the onset of clinical signs than those which survived. It is
      suggested that this may have been a contributory factor in their mortality.

PMID- 1216428
TI  - The economic aspect of spastic paresis of the hind legs of Friesian cattle.

PMID- 1216429
TI  - Correspondence: Gastric torsion in a small dog.

PMID- 1216431
TI  - Letter: Docking dogs' tails.

PMID- 1216432
TI  - Letter: Cloprostenol in controlled bleeding.

PMID- 1216430
TI  - Letter: Femoral degeneration and scabby hip syndrome in chicks.

PMID- 1216433
TI  - Editorial: Brucellosis and the veterinary surgeon.

PMID- 1216435
TI  - Epiphysitis in beef cattle fattened on slatted floors.
AB  - A syndrome which causes severe lameness and affects the fetlock area of the hind
      limbs was recently encountered in beef cattle housed on slatted floors. This
      condition does not appear to have been reported to others. On radiological and
      pathological examination of the limb, a lesion of epiphysitis was found in the
      distal epiphysis of the metatarsus. The clinical, radiological and pathological
      features are reported and discussed.

PMID- 1216434
TI  - Oxibendazole: critical anthelmintic trials in equids.
AB  - The efficacy of oxibendazole against gastrointestinal parasites of horses was
      evaluated by the critical test method. Naturally infected ponies of various ages
      were given single oral doses of 5, 10, or 15 mg-kg of bodyweight. The drug was
      highly effective against adult large strongylids (Strongylus vulgaris, S
      edentatus, S equins), adult small strongylids (especially species of the genera
      Cylicostephanus, Cylicocyclus, Cyaathostomum, and Triodontophorus), and adult and
      larval stages of the large pinworm, Oxyuris equi. There was no apparent dose
      related differences in efficacy. Oxibendazole was less effective against fourth
      stage small strongylid larvae than it was against adults. The drug was inactive
      against stomach bots (Gasterophilus spp), tapeworms (Anoplocephala magna and A
      perfoliata), lungworms (Dictyocaulus arnfieldi), abdominal worms )Setaria
      equina), and mature or immature nematodes in locations other than the lumen of
      the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1216436
TI  - Corneal dermoids in animals.

PMID- 1216437
TI  - Epidural anaesthesia in donkeys.
AB  - Epidural anaesthesia was tested on 40 donkeys. The second intercoccygeal space
      was found suitable for satisfactory induction and a dose of 8 to 10 ml of 1 per
      cent procaine hydrochloride was recommended for inducing posterior epidural
      anaesthesia and 30 ml of 2 per cent for anterior epidural anaesthesia.

PMID- 1216438
TI  - Immunosuppression in ovine trypanosomiasis.

PMID- 1216439
TI  - Synchronisation of oestrus in cattle using a progestagen (SC 21,009) and a
      synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha (cloprostenol).

PMID- 1216440
TI  - Use of quill comb in the diagnosis of ectoparasites.

PMID- 1216441
TI  - Transfer of IgG from plasma to nasal secretions in newborn lambs.

PMID- 1216442
TI  - Dangerous animals as pets.

PMID- 1216443
TI  - Swann and preventive medicine.

PMID- 1216444
TI  - [Postgraduate training of radiologists].

PMID- 1216445
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of stomach cancer with multiple ulcerations].

PMID- 1216446
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological characteristics of stomach cancer in young persons].

PMID- 1216448
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of diverticulosis and diverticulitis of the large intestine].

PMID- 1216447
TI  - [Critical view of the Assman-Faulhaber symptom].

PMID- 1216449
TI  - [Current status and perspectives of development of direct lymphography].

PMID- 1216450
TI  - [Roentgen symptomatology of pulmonary blood vessel diseases. I].

PMID- 1216451
TI  - [Various anatomical characteristics of the pyloric region in roentgenological
      image].

PMID- 1216452
TI  - [Growth rates of peripheral lung cancer and their clinical significance].

PMID- 1216453
TI  - [Roentgenoanatomical comparisons in metastatic lung tumors].

PMID- 1216454
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis and differential diagnosis of disseminated lung diseases].

PMID- 1216455
TI  - [Differential x-ray diagnosis of spinal osteoporosis].

PMID- 1216456
TI  - [Roentgenoangiographic subtraction studies in dysplasias, aftereffects of
      injuries and obliterating vascular diseases of the limbs].

PMID- 1216457
TI  - [Analysis of discrepancies between roentgenological and anatomical diagnosis].

PMID- 1216458
TI  - [Various problems of methodology of X-ray diagnosis].

PMID- 1216459
TI  - [Visiting Hungarian colleagues].

PMID- 1216460
TI  - [Business and concerns of a municipal veterinary service].

PMID- 1216461
TI  - [Microclimate in a swine house with recirculated air].

PMID- 1216463
TI  - [Let us heighten the efficacy of the Veterinary Statute].

PMID- 1216462
TI  - [Zoohygienic regimen for raising piglets in breeder houses].

PMID- 1216464
TI  - [Immunological interrelationship between Trichophyton faviforme and T. gypseum].

PMID- 1216465
TI  - [Dynamics of the morphological changes to the intramuscular administration of Cl.
      oedematiens toxin].

PMID- 1216466
TI  - [Evaluating the activity of hyperimmune sera against the goose enteritis virus].

PMID- 1216467
TI  - [Constant methods in the mathematical processing of quantitative indices].

PMID- 1216468
TI  - [Epizootiology and diagnosis of infectious epididymitis in rams].

PMID- 1216469
TI  - [Effectiveness of methods to control infectious fish diseases].

PMID- 1216470
TI  - [Prevention and control measures with helminthiases of chickens in commercial
      poultry raising].

PMID- 1216471
TI  - [Diagnosis of warroatosis and the treatment of bees].

PMID- 1216472
TI  - [Treatment of metritis and endometritis in cows].

PMID- 1216473
TI  - [Diagnosis of latent mastitis in cows].

PMID- 1216474
TI  - [Vitamin B1 and B2 metabolism in calves].

PMID- 1216475
TI  - [Assessment of clinical methods of studying the liver in cattle].

PMID- 1216476
TI  - [Hypocobaltosis in sheep].

PMID- 1216478
TI  - [Determination of amiphos in combination feeds].

PMID- 1216477
TI  - [Fusariotoxicosis sheep disease].

PMID- 1216479
TI  - [Portable and stationary apparatus for mass serological studies in brucellosis].

PMID- 1216480
TI  - [Psychological climate of the group].

PMID- 1216481
TI  - [Improve the teaching of clinical diagnosis].

PMID- 1216482
TI  - [Influence of residual quantities of antio in fodder on the organism of animals].

PMID- 1216485
TI  - [Experience in the control of helminthoses].

PMID- 1216483
TI  - [Diagnosis of the poisoning of animals with phthalophos].

PMID- 1216484
TI  - [Higher effectiveness of socialist competition].

PMID- 1216486
TI  - [A day of a veterinarian].

PMID- 1216487
TI  - [Disinfection of the soil by means of carbathion in helminthoses of swine].

PMID- 1216488
TI  - [On the threshold of the 10th 5-year plan].

PMID- 1216489
TI  - [Natural resistance of unweaned suckling-pigs during local gas warming].

PMID- 1216490
TI  - [Interesting developments in stock-breeding].

PMID- 1216491
TI  - [Cytogenetic analysis of the cells of leukopoiesis in leukemia of cattle].

PMID- 1216492
TI  - [Transformation of lymph node cells of cattle].

PMID- 1216493
TI  - [Influence of the number of passages of the rabies virus on the immunogenicity of
      the antirabies phenol vaccine].

PMID- 1216494
TI  - [Production and testing of type C therapeutic-preventive antibotulinic serum].

PMID- 1216495
TI  - [Biological properties of the cultured virus of infectious laryngotracheitis of
      poultry].

PMID- 1216496
TI  - [Dissemination and etiological structure of leptospirosis of swine].

PMID- 1216497
TI  - [Etiology and some problems of the epizootology of leptospirosis in animals].

PMID- 1216498
TI  - [Immunization of sheep with a vaccine of the Br. melitensis REV-1 strain].

PMID- 1216499
TI  - [Economic effectiveness of measures against trichophytosis of cattle].

PMID- 1216500
TI  - [Keeping watch for the new 5-year plan].

PMID- 1216501
TI  - [Panfuran in aeromonosis (rubella) of carp].

PMID- 1216502
TI  - [Treatment of swine with erysipelas].

PMID- 1216503
TI  - [Loss and economic effectiveness of dehelminthization in dicroceliosis].

PMID- 1216504
TI  - [Use of tetramisole granules in nematode infections of poultry].

PMID- 1216505
TI  - [Experimental infection of chickens with the larva of Toxocara canis and Ascaris
      suum].

PMID- 1216506
TI  - [Duration of the life of Echinococcus granulosus in the organism of dogs].

PMID- 1216507
TI  - [Thrombidiform mites as parasites of bees].

PMID- 1216508
TI  - [Recovery of sexual function in cows in persistent yellowing of the body of the
      ovary].

PMID- 1216509
TI  - [Method of treatment of bulls in pseudomoniasis].

PMID- 1216510
TI  - [Antigenic properties of the yolk of chicken eggs in the spermagglutination
      test].

PMID- 1216511
TI  - [Prevention of ketosis in highly productive cows].

PMID- 1216512
TI  - [Increasing the resistance to and prevention of respiratory diseases of cattle by
      means of ultraviolet irradiation].

PMID- 1216513
TI  - [Tendovaginitis in the region of the tarsal joint in productive bulls].

PMID- 1216514
TI  - [Ulcerous diseases of the stomach in swine].

PMID- 1216516
TI  - [Work better, more efficiently (review of data on the socialist competition of
      veterinary workers)].

PMID- 1216515
TI  - [Future expansion of animal husbandry].

PMID- 1216517
TI  - [Natural resistance of the organism of bulls to intensive fattening procedures].

PMID- 1216518
TI  - [Experience in the prevention of white muscle disease of lambs by means of sodium
      selenite].

PMID- 1216519
TI  - [Anaphylactic shock in laboratory animals].

PMID- 1216520
TI  - [Sensitivity of animals to nitrofuran preparations].

PMID- 1216521
TI  - [Evaluation of the quality of tetracyclines on chickens].

PMID- 1216522
TI  - [Remote results of the poisoning of animals with organochlorine pesticides].

PMID- 1216523
TI  - [Duration of the preservation of kanamycin in the tissues of chickens].

PMID- 1216524
TI  - [Use of preparations of flower pollens and lactobacilli].

PMID- 1216525
TI  - [Method of determination of carbon dioxide].

PMID- 1216526
TI  - [Biothermal neutralization of foliage in bulk silage].

PMID- 1216527
TI  - [Physiological reactions of laying hens to thermal stress].

PMID- 1216528
TI  - [Immunoreactivity of swine to vaccination against Aujeszky's disease,
      salmonellosis and pasteurellosis].

PMID- 1216529
TI  - [Immunomorphological changes in vaccination with the AUF Listeria strain].

PMID- 1216530
TI  - [Plasma cell reaction to vaccination of lambs against paratyphoid].

PMID- 1216531
TI  - [Detection of embryonal antigens in the cells of malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 1216532
TI  - [Formation of immunity in poultry in relation to the dose of the La-Sota
      vaccine].

PMID- 1216533
TI  - [Study of chlamydioses in animals].

PMID- 1216534
TI  - [Use of biokhinol in infectious agalactia of sheep and goats].

PMID- 1216535
TI  - [Simultaneous immunization of suckling pigs against plague, Aujeszky's disease
      and erysipelas].

PMID- 1216536
TI  - [Petechial typhus of horses].

PMID- 1216537
TI  - [Age-related susceptibility of chickens to Salmonella pullorum infection].

PMID- 1216538
TI  - [Study of the acute form of Marek's disease].

PMID- 1216539
TI  - [Course of mixed infections in geese].

PMID- 1216540
TI  - [Beznoitiosis of animals].

PMID- 1216541
TI  - [Treatment and prevention of dourine in horses].

PMID- 1216542
TI  - [Effectiveness of agents against dicroceliosis].

PMID- 1216543
TI  - [Use of carbon tetrachloride with fish fats in fascioliasis of sheep].

PMID- 1216544
TI  - [Experience in the control of teniasis and cellulosae cysticercosis].

PMID- 1216545
TI  - [Experience in helminthological work].

PMID- 1216547
TI  - [Increasing the fertility of cows].

PMID- 1216546
TI  - [Experience in the organization of artificial insemination of cows on state
      farms].

PMID- 1216548
TI  - [Influence of carbohydrates on the reproductive function in cows].

PMID- 1216549
TI  - [Influence of electrolyte solutions on abomasum secretion in cattle].

PMID- 1216550
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of acute gastrointestinal diseases in newborn calves].

PMID- 1216551
TI  - [Experience in the care of calves].

PMID- 1216553
TI  - [Tasks of the veterinary service in eliminating animal tuberculosis and
      brucellosis].

PMID- 1216552
TI  - [External balance of ordinary phosphorus in cattle with dyspepsia].

PMID- 1216554
TI  - [Genetic aspects of animal infertility].

PMID- 1216555
TI  - [Treatment of animals and the prevention of tetany].

PMID- 1216556
TI  - [Sanitary protection from animal husbandry objects].

PMID- 1216557
TI  - [Gas disinfection in apiaries].

PMID- 1216558
TI  - [Insurance reserve is an important growth factor in the efficiency of animal
      husbandry and veterinary science].

PMID- 1216559
TI  - [Oxidizing activity of Brucella].

PMID- 1216560
TI  - [Susceptibility of swine to the human influenza virus].

PMID- 1216561
TI  - [Immunological reaction in chicks vaccinated against Newcastle disease].

PMID- 1216562
TI  - [Complex biological evaulation of viral vaccines against Marek's disease].

PMID- 1216563
TI  - [Effectiveness of different methods of eliminating tuberculosis from farms].

PMID- 1216564
TI  - [Swine leukoses (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 1216565
TI  - [Postvaccinal immunity and the viral carrier state in swine plague].

PMID- 1216566
TI  - [Helminthic and microfloral association in the body of swine].

PMID- 1216568
TI  - [Ovoscopic diagnosis of helminthiasis in swine].

PMID- 1216567
TI  - [Let us strengthen veterinary and sanitary measures against brucellosis and
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1216569
TI  - [Ultrastructure of Spirochaeta anserinum].

PMID- 1216570
TI  - [Effect of roxarsone on the development of immunity in fowl spirochetosis].

PMID- 1216571
TI  - [Effectiveness of dibiomycin in fowl spirochetosis].

PMID- 1216573
TI  - [Metabolic disturbance in cows and calves].

PMID- 1216574
TI  - [Prevention of ketosis in sheep].

PMID- 1216572
TI  - [Prelum abdominale contractions during labor in cows].

PMID- 1216575
TI  - [Experience in the sanitary elimination of animal brucellosis from farms].

PMID- 1216576
TI  - [Glutathione peroxidase activity of the blood in triallate poisoning of animals].

PMID- 1216578
TI  - [Method for determining the toxicity of forage grain].

PMID- 1216579
TI  - [Mercury content in the organs and tissues of slaughter animals].

PMID- 1216580
TI  - [Expert evaluation of swine carcasses with pathological changes].

PMID- 1216577
TI  - [Detection of phosalone in pathological material].

PMID- 1216581
TI  - [Trace element content in the meat of swine fattened by various methods].

PMID- 1216582
TI  - [Lamellar agglutination reaction with bengal red in northern deer with
      brucellosis].

PMID- 1216583
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the methods of diagnosis of reproductive disorders in
      bees].

PMID- 1216585
TI  - [Important factors in brucellosis eradication from farms].

PMID- 1216584
TI  - [Epizootologic study of animals by means of the group of antigens to
      bedsoniosis].

PMID- 1216586
TI  - [Experience with the use of the new vaccine according to data of the Veterinary
      pavilion of the Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy of the USSR].

PMID- 1216587
TI  - [Disinfection in industrial pig-breeding].

PMID- 1216588
TI  - [Distrubance of the mineral metabolism of swine in various systems of
      maintenance].

PMID- 1216589
TI  - [Prevention of diseases in animals during the grazing period].

PMID- 1216590
TI  - [Sanitary-hygienic evaluation of the ventilation systems of poultry houses].

PMID- 1216591
TI  - [Induction of the adaptation of Brucella to the nutrient medium].

PMID- 1216592
TI  - [Obtaining viable cell cultures from lymphoid tissue].

PMID- 1216593
TI  - [Structure and morphogenesis of the pox virus of goats].

PMID- 1216595
TI  - [Live vaccine against brucellosis from strain 82].

PMID- 1216594
TI  - [Fluorescence microscopy in the study of the bacteriophage of Bac. alvei].

PMID- 1216596
TI  - [Epizootic importance of animals in the remote period following innoculation of
      the strain 19 vaccine].

PMID- 1216597
TI  - [Combined vaccination of sheep against pasteurellosis and anaerobic infections].

PMID- 1216598
TI  - [Bitifen in fascioliasis and paramphistomiasis].

PMID- 1216599
TI  - [Avitellinosis of northern deer].

PMID- 1216600
TI  - [Reserve increase in the fish producing capacity of ponds].

PMID- 1216601
TI  - [Right-wing socialist competition].

PMID- 1216602
TI  - [Resistance of bees to nosematosis and the genetic method of prevention].

PMID- 1216603
TI  - [Glucocorticoids in obstetric-gynecologic practice].

PMID- 1216604
TI  - [Therapy and prevention of gynecologic diseases of cows].

PMID- 1216605
TI  - [Experience in the diagnosis and treatment of mastitis in cows].

PMID- 1216606
TI  - [Dry method of treatment of balanoposthitis].

PMID- 1216607
TI  - [Etiology and pathogenesis of bronchopneumonia in suckling-pigs].

PMID- 1216608
TI  - [Clinico-hematologic diagnosis of bronchopneumonia in suckling-pigs].

PMID- 1216609
TI  - [Some problems of collagenosis in fattened bulls].

PMID- 1216610
TI  - [Results of the use of trimecaine].

PMID- 1216611
TI  - [Residues of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid in plants].

PMID- 1216613
TI  - [Serum ring test for the diagnosis of brucellosis in animals].

PMID- 1216612
TI  - [Influence of some pesticides on the ontogenesis of carp].

PMID- 1216614
TI  - [Use of cattle complement in the complement fixation test].

PMID- 1216615
TI  - [Characteristics of the meat of chickens reared under various conditions].

PMID- 1216616
TI  - [Some indices of the meat of swine with pneumonia].

PMID- 1216617
TI  - [Laboratory diagnosis of Marek's disease].

PMID- 1216619
TI  - [Veterinary laboratory in Siberia].

PMID- 1216618
TI  - [Sterilization of the serum of convalescents with betapropiolactone].

PMID- 1216620
TI  - [Morphocytochemical study of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae of the vaccine strain
      VR-2].

PMID- 1216621
TI  - [Sanitary improvement of farm].

PMID- 1216622
TI  - [Differentiation of staphylococci isolated from chickens].

PMID- 1216623
TI  - [Immunologic method of identification of mycoplasma of birds].

PMID- 1216624
TI  - [Use of the embryos of Japanese quail for the production of biological
      preparations].

PMID- 1216625
TI  - [Experience in the specific prevention of infectious bronchitis in chickens].

PMID- 1216627
TI  - [Simultaneous course of infectious bronchitis of chickens and respiratory
      mycoplasmosis of poultry].

PMID- 1216626
TI  - [Differential pathomorphology in infectious bronchitis in chicks].

PMID- 1216629
TI  - [Predicting dicroceliosis].

PMID- 1216628
TI  - [Acute form of Marek's disease and coccidiosis in chickens].

PMID- 1216631
TI  - [Increasing the quality of production].

PMID- 1216632
TI  - [Study of helminthoses of chickens on intensive poultry farms].

PMID- 1216630
TI  - [Estrosis in sheep and measures against it].

PMID- 1216633
TI  - [Economic effectiveness of the control of coccidiosis in chickens].

PMID- 1216635
TI  - [Sinergasilesis of herbivorous fish].

PMID- 1216634
TI  - [Hygrovetin in ascaridiosis and heterakidiosis of chickens].

PMID- 1216637
TI  - [Case of the improvement of ponds with regard to bothriocephaliasis].

PMID- 1216636
TI  - [Fenesal in bothriocephaliasis of white amurs].

PMID- 1216638
TI  - [Gas smoke for work with bees].

PMID- 1216639
TI  - [Effectiveness of methods of diagnosis of occult mastitis in cows].

PMID- 1216640
TI  - [Pathomorphological changes in sheep in experimental enzootic abortion].

PMID- 1216641
TI  - [Androgenic and estrogenic hormones in the reproduction of swine].

PMID- 1216642
TI  - [Development of wound inflammation in animals and the treatment scheme].

PMID- 1216643
TI  - [Elimination of hypodermatosis in 1975].

PMID- 1216644
TI  - [Cellular composition of the bone marrow in cows].

PMID- 1216645
TI  - [Determination of properdin in the blood serum].

PMID- 1216646
TI  - [Prevention of white muscle diseases in turkey hens].

PMID- 1216647
TI  - [Effect of phenylmercuracetate on the bone marrow cells of swine].

PMID- 1216648
TI  - [Case of poisoning of animals with sugar beets and corn cobs].

PMID- 1216649
TI  - [Method of histological analysis of meat].

PMID- 1216650
TI  - [Influence of bitifen on milk quality and meat freshness].

PMID- 1216652
TI  - [Effect of phthalophos on chick embryos].

PMID- 1216651
TI  - [Some data on mycotoxicoses in poultry].

PMID- 1216654
TI  - [Diagnostic effectiveness of the indirect hemagglutination reaction and the
      antibody neutralization reaction in brucellosis].

PMID- 1216653
TI  - [Determination of ialan and propanid in water and fish].

PMID- 1216655
TI  - [Epizootiology of swine vesicular disease].

PMID- 1216656
TI  - [Competition: the new stage].

PMID- 1216658
TI  - [Healthy stock for nonchernozem areas].

PMID- 1216657
TI  - [Therapeutic and prophylactic measures on a poultry factory-farm].

PMID- 1216659
TI  - [Protection of the air space of large livestock farms and poultry factories].

PMID- 1216660
TI  - [Tasks of increasing the sanitary quality of milk].

PMID- 1216661
TI  - [Insect mycoses and their significance in the control of blood-sucking flies].

PMID- 1216662
TI  - [Latent form of foot-and-mouth infection].

PMID- 1216663
TI  - [Electrochemical properties of the blood proteins and lymph of cows with
      lympholeukosis].

PMID- 1216665
TI  - [Swine dysentery].

PMID- 1216664
TI  - [Dynamics of antibody formation in swine with leptospirosis].

PMID- 1216666
TI  - [Etiology of gastrointestinal diseases in piglets].

PMID- 1216667
TI  - [Nonfatal rabies in dogs].

PMID- 1216668
TI  - [Dynamics of the complement-fixing antibodies in nuttalliosis and of the
      elimination of the causative agent from the body of horses].

PMID- 1216669
TI  - [Action of dimidin on the causative agents of piroplasmosis and nutalliosis in
      horses].

PMID- 1216671
TI  - [Mechanization of helminthic coproscopic diagnosis].

PMID- 1216670
TI  - [Test of sulfene and KP-5 in ruminant fascioliasis].

PMID- 1216672
TI  - [Gynecological dispensary treatment under the conditions on large farms].

PMID- 1216673
TI  - [Congenital fetal malformations and difficult calving in cows].

PMID- 1216675
TI  - [Nerve block of the pelvic organs and udder in cows].

PMID- 1216674
TI  - [From the practice of obstetrics, gynecology and artificial insemination].

PMID- 1216676
TI  - [Peptic ulcer of the stomach in swine on production farm complexes].

PMID- 1216677
TI  - [Radiotelemetric methods of study].

PMID- 1216678
TI  - [Comparative studies of some methods of freezing bull sperm].
AB  - Comparative studies were carried out with a total of 27 ejaculates obtained from
      20 bulls to establish the alleged advantages of some of the tested technological
      methods for freezing the semen in the form of pellets, ampules, straws, and
      minitubes. All four methods showed comparable results. The morphologic changes in
      the thawed semen, resp., spermatozoa varied within close limits--from 41 up to
      42.5 per cent of the cells had secondary defects. So far as the extent of
      contamination was concerned the investigations showed that the four methods
      should be improved in terms of the hygiene standard in the collection and
      handling of semen, especially in the granulation of semen and its storage in the
      form of pellets.

PMID- 1216679
TI  - [Efficacy of aerosol disinfection with lactic acid and its effect on the body of
      poultry].
AB  - Comparative studies were carried out to establish the efficacy of lactic acid as
      a disinfection means. The following pattern was observed in employing the agent:
      a 20 per cent conc. of the acid at the rate of 20 cu. cm per cubic meter is
      dispersed three times as an aerosol (at 8, 12, and 6 oclock) in the course of
      twenty minutes. It was found that the microbial contamination of the air drops
      three to four times. More pronounced is the bactericidal effect on the coliforms
      and moulds. The birds of the group treated with lactic acid gain 30 g more per
      day up to the end of the fattening period. Dependable is the higher serum level
      of protein as well as the higher protein content of the liver and heart
      musculature and of the essential amino acid tryptophane in the blood serum and
      liver of the test birds. Higher was also the glycogen content of the liver of the
      test group broilers.

PMID- 1216680
TI  - [Attempts at obtaining a pentavalent vaccine against leptospirosis].
AB  - Obtained was a five-valent vaccine (Leptospira pomona, L. canicola, L.
      grippotyphosa, L. mitis, and L. icterohaemorrhagiae). It was found that storage
      at 4degreesC does not impair the immunogenicity of the vaccine in the course of
      one year. Three groups of rabbits were used to test its immunogenicity--group I,
      injected once, subcutaneously, with 1 cu. cm of the vaccine; group II, injected
      subcutaneously, twice, at an interval of 7 days, with 1 cu. cm of the vaccine
      each time; and group III, injected once, muscularly, with 1 cu. cm. The animals
      were kept under observation for twelve months. It was established that in the
      case of intramuscular treatment there were highest antibody titers in the blood
      serum persisting up to the twelfth month.

PMID- 1216681
TI  - [Study of methods for obtaining high-titer antispirochete sera].
AB  - A comparative serologic study was carried out on three methods for immunizing
      rabbits to obtain high titer antispirochete sera. It was found that the method
      making use of Freund's adjuvant produces the best immunization effect. Applying
      the spirochete substrate via the conjunctiva makes it possible to obtain a good
      immunization effect with the lowest amount of antigen. Using no unspecific
      stimulating agents it was possible to obtain high titer antispirochete sera
      combining the conjunctival application with the intravenous injection of the
      spirochete material.

PMID- 1216682
TI  - [Resorption, deposition and assimilation in rabbits and piglets of new Bulgarian
      iron-dextran complexes as compared to Myofer-100 and Ferroglukin-75].
AB  - Followed up was the resorption (in rabbits) and the deposition and utilization
      (in pigs) of two new Bulgarian ferrodextran complexes (A-100 and B-75) compared
      with Myofer-100 and Ferroglukin-75. According to their resorption as determined
      by the sideremia and the coloration of tissues at the side of injection, the
      ferrodextran preparations are divided into fast-resorbing and slow-resorbing. The
      preparations A-100 and Myofer-100 are resorbed 8--10 times faster than the
      preparations B-75 and feroglukin-75. Greatest portions of iron are distributed
      per gram of tissue in the regional lymph nodes, followed by the liver and spleen.
      Upon applying the preparations at sites of the hind part of the body the lymph
      nodes of the front part of the body assume more intensely the colour of the
      fastresorbing preparations. This may be used as a test indicating the character
      of resorption. No direct correlation was established between the rate of
      resorption and the stimulation of the growth in pigs. It has been found that the
      optimal dose of the preparations A-100 and Myofer-100 for pigs is 160 mg Fe3+,
      while of the preparations B-75 and Ferroglukin-75 it is higher. It was found that
      in terms of resorption, coloration of tissues, distribution in the organisms, and
      utilization per cent the preparation A-100 is more advantageous than B-75, is
      equal to Myofer-100, is resorbed better, and colours to a slighter extent the
      tissues than Ferroglukin-75.

PMID- 1216684
TI  - [Effect of IR rays on the titers and protein fractions of the blood serum in
      chicks vaccinated with La Sota vaccine].
AB  - Studied was the effect of infrared rays on the titers and the protein fractions
      of the blood serum in birds treated with the La Sota vaccine. Results showed that
      the gamma-globulin fraction and the titers rise as established through the
      hemagglutination-inhibiton reaction. This made it reasonable to believe that the
      reticuloendothelial system was favourably activated as regards the immunogenesis
      against the Newcastle Disease virus. The rise in the gamma-globulin level
      coincides in time with the highest titer as found by means of the agglutination
      inhibition reaction, the titers in all experiments being higher in the sera of
      the irradiated birds and the variations on the 20th day being mathematically
      significant.

PMID- 1216683
TI  - [Test of the effectiveness of tylan on spirochetosis in chickens].
AB  - The water-soluble preparation Tylan in conc. 1:2000 in the drinking water for
      three consecutive days was used successfully against spirochetosis in birds both
      experimently and in the field practice, as a therapeutic and prophylactic means.
      175 (92 per cent) out of 190 affected birds in a spontaneous breakout of
      spirochetosis recovered. It was found experimentally that Tylan does not
      interfere with immunogenesis. This made it possible for the authors to vaccinate
      10,000 chickens from flocks with manifested spirochetosis along with giving Tylan
      as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent. Spirochetosis ceased and was no more
      observed up to the time of slaughter i. e., six months following vaccination. If
      there are no ticks on the spirochetosis-affected farms it is possible to bring to
      an end the disease through the therapeutic and prophylactic use of Tylan together
      with disinfection with 1 per cent sodium hydroxide, no vaccination being needed.

PMID- 1216685
TI  - Quantitative and qualitative studies on hepatitis B antigen. Titer and subtypes
      in acute virual hepatitis patients and blood donors.
AB  - Hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag) titer and subtype were determined in blood samples
      obtained from 270 HB Ag-positive acute viral hepatitis (AVH) patients, as well as
      in 100 HB Ag-positive blood donors. The percentage distribution of the HB Ag
      titer shows a shift towards lower titers in the case of "healthy carriers". In
      both AVH patients and blood donors the "ay" antigenic subtype was found to be
      predominant.

PMID- 1216686
TI  - A survey for Ilesha Bunyamwera group virus antibodies in sera from domestic
      animals and humans in three ecological zones of Nigeria.
AB  - 343 persons, 58 children and 285 adults, from three ecological zones: rainforest,
      savannah, and plateau were tested for the presence of Ilesha virus N antibodies
      in their sera. Neutralization tests were conducted in suckling mice using the
      constant virus--constant serum technique. 155 subjects (45%) had Ilesha immunity:
      22 children (38%) and 133 adults (44%). The highest percentage of positive sera
      was found in the savannah (54%), followed by the plateau and rainforest. A
      further analysis of the results shows that the virus is more active in rural
      communities than in urban centres. A total of 68 sera from domestic animals
      (cows, sheep, goats, and pigs) were tested. Antibodies were found only in cows
      and goats. The absence of antibodies in sheep and pigs may be due to the small
      number of sera tested.

PMID- 1216687
TI  - Twenty-five years of activity of the "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology
      (1949-1974).

PMID- 1216688
TI  - The leukoconcentrate in classical hog cholera and its aspect in cell cultures.

PMID- 1216689
TI  - The effect of ATP on lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and influenza B virus
      multiplication.
AB  - The authors investigated the effect of ATP, an energy supplying substance, on the
      activity of LDH, an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway and on the multiplication of
      influenza virus strain B/Singapore in embryonate hen eggs. In the presence of ATP
      the increase in LDH activity could be detected from the first 1-3 hours and
      became obvious after 24 hours; likewise, virus multiplication was more intensive
      so that the hemagglutinating (HA) activity appeared 12 hours earlier than in
      controls and the increased HA values persisted for a longer time. The
      isoenzymatic pattern showed an intensification of LDH4 and LDH5 fractions in
      virus-inoculated eggs.

PMID- 1216690
TI  - Effect of ceruloplasmin on AoPR8 influenza virus infection in embryonate eggs and
      mice.
AB  - Inoculation to embryonate hen eggs and mice of AoPR8 influenza virus pre
      incubated with ceruloplasmin (10(-7)-10(-6) M) results in a statistically
      significant decrease in the hemagglutinating titer of the virus, without changes
      in infectivity. This effect is ascribed to formation of a virus-ceruloplasmin
      complex, which probably interferes with both virus penetration and release of
      newly formed virus from the cell.

PMID- 1216692
TI  - Selection of morphological formations of hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag).

PMID- 1216691
TI  - Sources of hepatitis B virus infection in hospital environment.
AB  - Investigations on the incidence of hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag)-carriers among
      1466 patients of 11 various hospitals and departments showed that sources of
      hepatitis infection were more numerous in hospitals for children than in those
      for adults. The high-risk departments were those of dialysis (5 out of 12
      patients), clinical medicine (6.6%), and obstetrics and gynecology, for adults,
      and those of neuropsychiatry (17.9%) and clinical medicine (11.2%)for children .
      The highest incidence of HB Ag-carriers among the medico-sanitary personnel of 5
      hospitals (436 sera) was recorded in a hospital of obstetrics and gynecology.

PMID- 1216693
TI  - The presence of herpes antigen in peripheric leukocytes of patients with various
      neoplastic diseases.

PMID- 1216694
TI  - [In a communist labor collective].

PMID- 1216695
TI  - [Method for assessing the situation by the head of the medical service].

PMID- 1216696
TI  - [Experience with modeling patient triage utilizing computer technology].

PMID- 1216697
TI  - [Mechanism of gunshot wounds of the blood vessels and their treatment at medical
      evacuation stages].

PMID- 1216698
TI  - [Main results of the activities of the military medical service in the 9th Five
      Year Plan and the current tasks].

PMID- 1216699
TI  - [Clinical picture, organization and volume of medical aid in napalm lesions].

PMID- 1216700
TI  - [Compression-distraction osteosynthesis in the treatment of fractures complicated
      by osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1216701
TI  - [Urgent problems in treating myocardial infarct patients].

PMID- 1216702
TI  - [Electrorentogenography and its importance in emergency x-ray diagnosis in peace-
      with wartime].

PMID- 1216703
TI  - [Early diagnosis and treatment in meningococcal infection].

PMID- 1216704
TI  - [Therapeutic effectiveness of different penicillin doses in treating epidemic
      cerebrospinal meningitis].

PMID- 1216705
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the reaction of the body to a moderate degree of
      hypoxia].

PMID- 1216706
TI  - [Changes in arterial pressure in deep-sera divers].

PMID- 1216707
TI  - [Role of intravenous novocaine administrations in preventing irreversible changes
      in blood loss (an experimental study)].

PMID- 1216708
TI  - [Assessment of measured physical load tests according to hemodynamic indices].

PMID- 1216709
TI  - [Aviation medical expertise of the sequelae of polyseasonal neuroinfections].

PMID- 1216710
TI  - [Organization and performance of medical inspections and examinations of
      personnel].

PMID- 1216711
TI  - [Laboratory studies at the regimental medical aid station under field
      conditions].

PMID- 1216712
TI  - [Status of laboratory diagnosis and the ways to further develop it].

PMID- 1216713
TI  - [Standard model for the study of antishock therapy].

PMID- 1216714
TI  - [Combined anesthesia in ambulatory stomatological practice].

PMID- 1216716
TI  - [Obesity and its prevention among military personnel].

PMID- 1216715
TI  - [Stereoscopic fluorescence microangiography of the anterior chamber of the eye].

PMID- 1216717
TI  - [More attention to work on innovation and invention].

PMID- 1216718
TI  - [Prevention of ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1216719
TI  - [Types of dysentery epidemics and the methods of recognizing them].

PMID- 1216720
TI  - [New state standard for drinking water].

PMID- 1216721
TI  - [Predicting the intensity of superhigh-frequency radiation].

PMID- 1216722
TI  - [Changes in the blood and urine in percussive overloads].

PMID- 1216723
TI  - [Work capacity of sailors under emotional stress].

PMID- 1216725
TI  - [Successes added up].

PMID- 1216724
TI  - [Rehabilitation of military personnel with closed fractures of the long tubular
      bones].

PMID- 1216726
TI  - [Treatment of acute cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency by means of hyperbaric
      oxygenation].

PMID- 1216727
TI  - [Work capacity of persons who have had a myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1216728
TI  - [Diagnosis and military medical expertise of atherosclerotic cerebrogenic
      asthenia].

PMID- 1216729
TI  - [Analysis of the electrocardiograms of healthy young people].

PMID- 1216730
TI  - [Hypertensive and psychogenic reactions in those undergoing examination].

PMID- 1216731
TI  - [2 cases of fat embolism in fractures of the long tubular bones].

PMID- 1216732
TI  - [Importance of the width of the pupil in studying visual acuity].

PMID- 1216733
TI  - [Errors in the diagnosis of foot mycoses].

PMID- 1216734
TI  - [Role of sanitary education in the prevention of tuberculosis among the troops].

PMID- 1216735
TI  - [Demands for military medical expertise in the most wide-spread
      psychoneurological diseases].

PMID- 1216736
TI  - [Principle of Party spirit in the teaching at a military medical faculty].

PMID- 1216737
TI  - [Mud solution and its therapeutic use].

PMID- 1216738
TI  - [Effect of peloids and microwaves on adrenal cortex function in ulcer disease].

PMID- 1216739
TI  - [Certain mechanisms of adverse effect of liver pathology on the gastroduodenal
      system and the role of balneotherapy].

PMID- 1216740
TI  - [Blood picture and cellular wound secretion during the use of radon baths in
      patients with burns].

PMID- 1216741
TI  - [Effect of microwaves on capillary permeability under normal conditions, in
      adjuvant polyarthritis of rabbits and rheumatoid arthritis in man].

PMID- 1216742
TI  - [Study of the effectiveness of paraffin- and hydrotherapy in joint diseases].

PMID- 1216744
TI  - [Effect of exercise therapy on the function of external respiration in children
      with exacerbation of chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1216743
TI  - [Changes of the indicators of hemodynamics in patients with hypertensive disease
      under the effect of complex treatment and single-stage massage procedures].

PMID- 1216745
TI  - [Experimental study of the content of hydrocortisone administered by means of
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 1216746
TI  - [Dynamics of changes of certain cellular components of the spinal cord under the
      effect of ultrasonics of different parameters].

PMID- 1216747
TI  - [Method of study of body's heat exchange with the environment through the skin].

PMID- 1216749
TI  - [Treatment of a patient with pustular bacterids by complex physiotherapeutic
      procedures].

PMID- 1216750
TI  - [Periodicals - an importance source of operative scientific information on health
      resort science and physiotherapy].

PMID- 1216748
TI  - [Incidence of acute paroxysms of bronchial asthma in relation to atmospheric
      conditions of Moscow].

PMID- 1216751
TI  - [Activities of glucose-6-phosphate and lactate dehydrogenase in myeloid and
      erythroid cells of rabbit bone marrow].
AB  - In cells of rabbit bone marrow, which were in conditions of erythroid hyperplasia
      and reduced erythropoiesis, activities of glucoso-6-phosphate and lactate
      dehydrogenases were studied. In the myeloid cells the enzymatic activities were
      found to be distinctly higher than in myelocaryocytes, mainly represented by
      erythroid cells.

PMID- 1216753
TI  - [Effect of yeast mannan on the activity and kinetic patterns of alpha amylase
      from rat blood serum].
AB  - The mannan from Rhodotorula rubra activated alpha-amylase of blood serum in vivo.
      After intravenous administration of the polysaccharide into rats kinetic patterns
      of the enzyme were altered. The effect of mannan on various molecular forms of
      alpha-amylase was also studied.

PMID- 1216752
TI  - [Effect of experimental hypothyreosis on glycoprotein fractions and their
      carbohydrate-containing components in rat blood serum].
AB  - In blood serum of rats with experimental hypothyreosis content of albumins,
      alpha2- gamma-globulins and ceruloplasmin was decreased but content of alpha1-,
      beta-globulins, seromucoids, sialic acids, hexoses bound with proteins,
      hexoseamines, haptoglobulins, transferrins and fucose was increased. The most
      distinct alterations in metabolism of glycoproteins were observed in rats with
      hypothyreosis, caused by thyroidectomy or by administration of large doses of
      thyreostatics. A correlation was observed between the alteration in ratios of the
      protein fractions and content of different carbohydrate containing components of
      glycoproteins. In the animals examined normalization in content of different
      carbohydrate containing components of blood occurred with 24-36 days after
      termination of the thyreostatic administration. In rats with thyroidectomy the
      process was prolonged up to 2 months and more.

PMID- 1216754
TI  - [Isoenzymes of esterase and alkaline phosphatase in blood serum and adipose
      tissue of rats after partial pancreatectomy].
AB  - A decrease in activities of isoenzymes of aryl-, carboxyl esterases and alkaline
      phosphatase was shown, by means of agar gel electrophoresis, in blood serum and
      in most the isoforms of perinephric adipose tissue of rats within 3 days after
      partial pancreatectomy. In subsequent periods (6, 11 and 14 days) a normalization
      in the enzymatic activity and an increase in content of blood serum
      cholinesterase activity occurred.

PMID- 1216755
TI  - [Transketolase activity in rabbit myocardium and erythrocytes in health and in
      allergic heart diseases].
AB  - Transketolase activity was determined in myocardium and erythrocytes of rabbits
      by following formation of D-sedoheptuloso-7-phosphate (S-7-P), when the
      convertion of the substance was blocked in a transaldolase reaction by addition
      of 3-phosphoglycerol aldehyde dehydrogenase. In the transaldolase reaction
      consumption of the S-7-P did not exceed 5% of the amount of this compound,
      produced in the transketolase reaction. In allergic impairment alterations in the
      transketolase activity occurred simultaneously with a change in the level of
      plastic metabolism in myocardium. The transketolase activity was decreased when
      destructive processes were stimulated. But the transketolase activity was
      distinctly increased under the conditions, characterized by activation of protein
      biosynthesis.

PMID- 1216756
TI  - [Chemical composition of lipoid anticoagulant and mechanism of its action].
AB  - A lipid anticoagulant (ether extract of brain tissue) after repeated treatment
      with alcohol and acetone contained, mainly, ethanolamine phosphatides and
      sphingomyelin. The product inhibited the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin
      due to interaction of the lipid anticoagulant with the substrate (prothrombin).
      The anticoagulant inhibited also the reaction of thrombin with fibrinogen,
      producing a kind of "coupling inhibition" as shown by graphical analysis of the
      inhibition kinetics. A fraction of the anticoagulant, enriched in ethanolamine
      phosphatides and a fraction, enriched in sphingomyelin, possessed the both types
      of the activity. But the fraction enriched in the ethanolamine phosphatides
      inhibited more distinctly the reaction between thrombin and fibrinogen. Kinetics
      of inhibition of thrombinogenesis and thrombin -- fibrinogen reaction by both
      anticoagulant fractions and initial anticoagulant was similar.

PMID- 1216757
TI  - [Isolation, purification and characterization of a protein causing experimental
      allergic polyneuritis in rabbits].
AB  - A basic low molecular protein, which caused development of experimental allergic
      polyneuritis in rabbits, was isolated from bovine sciatic nerves and purified by
      means of column chromatography.

PMID- 1216758
TI  - [Effect of an inhibitor of a trypsin-like enzyme on the degradation of liver
      proteins under normal conditions and in thermic burns].
AB  - Degradation of proteins in liver tissue slices, estimated by liberation of 14C
      glycine, was increased in the animals which were subjected to burns. The
      cathepsin D activity was found to be simultaneously increased in extracts of the
      liver tissue. In burnt rats, administered with an inhibitor of trypsin-like
      enzymes (contrical) during 8 days after the burning, the rates of protein
      degradation and the values of cathepsin D activity approached those
      characteristics for the normal animals. Addition of the inhibitor into incubation
      samples did not effect degradation of liver tissue proteins and the enzymatic
      activity.

PMID- 1216759
TI  - [Glycolipids of rabbit spinal cord in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis].
AB  - Within the acute period of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, when the
      clinical picture was quite distinct, content of glycolipids was studied
      biochemically and histochemically in lumbar region of rabbit spinal cord. In this
      region the myelin degradation was the most distinct; content of glycolipids was
      decreased. Localization of the centers of decreased glycolipids content,
      determined histochemically, was similar to the localization of the zones of
      degraded myelin. The decrease in content of glycolipids was due to breakdown of
      cerebrosides but not sulphatides. Quantitative and qualitative composition of
      gangliosides was not altered in the spinal cord.

PMID- 1216760
TI  - [The activity and isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase in tissues of rats
      of different ages].
AB  - Age alterations of the total activity and isoenzyme spectrum of lactate
      dehydrogenase were observed in rat skeletal muscles, liver and heart. In the aged
      animals the total activity of LDH was increased in skeletal and heart muscles. In
      the skeletal muscles and liver tissue of the aged rats content of M-subunits the
      LDH and the content of LDH-5 was increased. In the heart muscle content of H
      subunits, LDH-1 and LDH-2 was increased as compared with adult and growing rats.

PMID- 1216761
TI  - [Isolation, purification and properties of a carboxypeptidase inhibitor from
      human blood serum].
AB  - Partially purified low molecular component, which inhibited the carboxypeptidase
      N activity in samples with hippuryl-L-lysine and bradikinine as substrates, was
      isolated from human blood serum by means of chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex,
      ultrafiltration of the fractions obtained through Amicon membranes UM-10 or UM-2
      and subsequent gel filtration through Sephadex G-10. The probable molecular
      weight of the inhibitor was 2000. The inhibitor was thermolabile; its inhibitory
      activity was decreased by 50% after 30 min boiling in 0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH
      7.8. Trypsin and chymotrypsin did not influence the inhibitory properties of the
      factor. Hydrolysis of the low molecular component in 6 N HCl at 110 degrees C
      within 18 hrs and subsequent studies of the amino acid composition showed a
      number of amino acids in the hydrolysate; the hydrolysate exhibited the inhibitor
      activity of the initial substance.

PMID- 1216762
TI  - [Determination of choline, its esters and their mixtures by thin-layer
      chromatography].
AB  - Chromatography of standard aqueous solutions of choline, its esters and their
      mixtures was carried out in fixed thin layers of neutral aluminium hyroxide in
      two polycomponent acid systems of solvents. Optimal conditions for separation of
      the components are described.

PMID- 1216763
TI  - [A rapid method for preparative separation of lipoproteins into main groups by
      density gradient ultracentrifugation].
AB  - A rapid method was developed for separation of lipoproteins by flotation in an
      ultracentrifuge using a four-step density gradient 1.006, 1.063, 1.250 and 1.300
      g/ml. A satisfactory fractionation of serum lipoproteins was carried out by
      single ultracentrifugation within 4-5 hrs at 216,000 g.

PMID- 1216764
TI  - [The effect of thyroid hormones on the content of glycoprotein fractions and
      their carbohydrate-containing components in rat blood serum].
AB  - In blood serum of 195 male rats an effect of different thyroid hormones on
      alterations in content of glycoprotein fractions and their separate carbohydrate
      containing components was simultaneously studied. A correlation was established
      between alterations in the glycoprotein fractions and content of seromucoids,
      sialic acids, hexoses associated with proteins, hexosamine, haptoglobin,
      transferrin, ceruloplasmin and fucose in blood serum. Dynamics of alterations of
      these values was studied. The normalization of the tests studied was correlated
      with the type of hormone used, its dose, duration of the hormone administration
      and the emotional state of the animals. The mechanisms of alterations in content
      of the blood glycoproteins, their interrelationship and biosynthesis are
      discussed.

PMID- 1216765
TI  - [Effect of tuberculosis infection and antibacterial preparations on thiamine
      metabolism].
AB  - Effects of tuberculous infection and monotherapy during three months with ethyone
      amide, etoxide and canamycin on thiamin metabolism were studied. The state of the
      metabolism was estimated by monitoring the content of radioactive thiamin in
      tissues and blood and by following its excretion. In guinea pigs generalized
      tuberculosis caused impairments in utilization of the administered thiamin.
      Content of the vitamin was decreased 3.5-4 fold in tissues, especially, in kidney
      and liver tissue but its excretion from the organism was increased almost three
      fold as compared with healthy animals. Treatment of animals with ethyone amide,
      etoxide and canamycin within three months did not restore the impaired thiamin
      metabolism. In the animals the assimilation of the administered thiamin
      constituted 17,5-20% as compared with healthy animals; this phenomenon was
      accompanied by an increased urinary excretion of the vitamin.

PMID- 1216766
TI  - [The activity and isoenzyme spectrum of esterases in erythroid and myeloid cells
      of rabbit bone marrow].
AB  - In erythroid and myeloid cells of rabbit bone marrow the total activity of
      esterases and their isozyme spectrum in polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis
      were studied. Higher esterase activity was observed in the myeloid cells as
      compared with erythroid ones. In the isozyme spectrum of esterases from the
      myeloid cells an additional cathode fraction was observed, which was not found in
      extracts of erythroid cells. Experiments with inhibitors showed that the enzymes
      studied were carboxyl- and acetylesterases.

PMID- 1216767
TI  - [The study of isoenzymes of esterase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline
      phosphatase from blood serum in lymphogranulomatous process of liver tissue].
AB  - In blood serum of patients with lymphogranulomatose, as compared with healthy
      persons, a decrease in activity of one of the arylesterase fractions was
      observed. In lymphogranulomatous process content of this fraction and content of
      cholinesterase were decreased in liver tissue more distinctly than in the blood.
      At the same time the arylesterase activity was increased; the enzyme was found
      only in trace amount in normal liver tissue. The impairments in content of
      lactate dehydrogenase isozymes were less distinct. In lymphogranulomatose the
      activity of alkaline phosphatase was increased, especially in cases accompanied
      by impairment of liver tissue.

PMID- 1216768
TI  - [Deamination of nitrogenous compounds in mitochondrial membranes under
      stimulation of lipid peroxidation].
AB  - Fragments of mitochondrial membranes, obtained by freezing-thawing of
      mitochondrial fraction from rat liver homogenate, were treated with Fe2+ ions
      under conditions, which were optimal for accumulation of a product of lipid
      peroxidation--malondialdehyde (MDA). The accumulation of MDA in the mitochondrial
      membranes was accompanied by a decrease in deamination of monoamines (tyramine
      or, especially, tryptamine) and by appearance of qualitatively new properties to
      deaminate histamine or cadaverine as well as adenylic acid. Appearance of these
      properties was prevented by blocking with trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine or N
      methyl-N-benzylpropynylamine of the mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity.
      Inhibitors of initiated by free radicals lipid peroxidation (propylgallate, butyl
      hydroxytoluene) did not bind Fe2+ ions but prevented the alterations in
      deamination of nitrogenous compounds induced by the treatment of the fragments of
      mitochondrial membranes with Fe2+ ions. Stimulation of lipid peroxidation in
      mitochondrial membranes was, thus, accompanied not only by partial inactivation
      of the structure-bound monoamine oxidase but also by apparent qualitative
      alteration (transformation) in its catalytic properties.

PMID- 1216770
TI  - [Activity of proteolytic enzymes and trypsin inhibitor in blood serum and kidney
      in pyelonephritis].
AB  - In 116 patients with acute and chronic pyelonephritis and in 66 healthy persons
      the total proteolytic, trypsin-like, catheptic, BAEE-esterase activities and the
      content of trypsin inhibitor were determined in blood serum and kidney tissue.
      The total proteolytic and catheptic activities were distinctly increased in blood
      serum and, especially, in kidney tissue under acute pyelonephritis. In chronic
      pyelonephritis the activity of cathepsins was decreased in blood serum. The
      trypsin-like activity tended to decrease both in blood serum and kidney. The BAEE
      esterase activity was increased in kidney, particularly in acute pyelonephritis,
      but in blood serum it was decreased. The inhibitor of trypsin was not found in
      kidney; in blood serum its content was slightly increased in acute pyelonephritis
      but there were only slight alterations in the chronic disease.

PMID- 1216769
TI  - [The role of insulin in the normalization of impairments caused by hydrocortisone
      in energy metabolism of liver and spleen mitochondria].
AB  - Effect of insulin on the oxidative phosphorylation, inhibited by hydrocortisone
      in mitochondria of liver and spleen tissues, was studied. Administration of
      insulin simultaneously with corticosteroid was shown to decrease the inhibitory
      effect of the latter. In mitochondria of liver tissue the increase of inorganic
      phosphate esterification and the increase in P/O ratio were observed. In the
      organelles of spleen the increase in oxygen utilization, the activation of
      phosphorylation reactions, the increase in P/O ratio and in content of sulfhydryl
      groups occurred. Experimental data are also presented on the energy metabolism in
      mitochondria of liver tissue and spleen of adrenalectomized rats. The data
      obtained were similar to that in animals with hypercorticism. Possible mechanisms
      are discussed of the restoration by insulin of the energy production in
      mitochondria of the tissues studied.

PMID- 1216771
TI  - [Preparation of labelled DNA from animal tissues].
AB  - Incorporation of 3H-thymidine into cells of bone marrow, spleen and intestinal
      mucosa was studied in rats with anemia, caused by administration of phenyl
      hydrazine-HCl. Optimal duration for administration of the labelled precursor was
      determined and the doses of 3H-thymidine required to produce 3H-DNA with the
      definite specific radioactivity were established. The isolation of the labelled
      preparations of DNA from rat spleen after incorporation of 2-2.5 muCi of 3H
      thymidine is described; their physico-chemical properties were studied. The
      specific radioactivity of 3H-DNA was equal to 5-10(6)--10-10(6) disintegrations
      per 1 min per 1 mg.

PMID- 1216772
TI  - [Changes in binding of corticosteroids by transcortin in blood and in oxidative
      processes in rabbit liver mitochondria under the effect of decimeter waves].
AB  - Irradiation of rabbits with decimetre waves (regions of adrenal glands, liver and
      lower part of thigh) was accompanied by an increased content of free,
      biologically active corticosteroids in blood plasma due to liberation of the
      substances from a complex with transcortine. This phenomenon correlated with
      activation of the electron transport in respiratory chain of liver tissue
      mitochondria. The irradiation of the liver region caused distinct alteration in
      mitochondrial functions apparently due to intensified effect of the decimetre
      waves directly on the liver tissue.

PMID- 1216774
TI  - [Dehydrogenases of the pentose-phosphate pathway of the kidney cortex and medulla
      in normal and alloxan diabetic rats].
AB  - In a supernatant of rat kidney cortex homogenate activities of glucose-6
      phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases were shown to be approximately
      equal. These enzymes were found in kidney medulla; their activities, similar to
      those glycolytic enzymes, were higher in kidney medulla than in cortex. In
      diabetes the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from kidney cortex was
      increased.

PMID- 1216775
TI  - [Subcellular localization, isoenzyme spectrum and properties of hexokinase from
      sarcoma M-1].
AB  - In sarcoma M-I the hexokinase activity was found to exceed three-fold the enzyme
      activity in muscular tissue. In the muscles and tumor intracellular distribution
      of hexokinase was essentially the same; the main part of the enzyme was localized
      in hyaloplasma. The mitochondrial hexokinase from sarcoma M-I was solubilized by
      considerably higher concentrations of KC1 (0.5 M), as compared with those
      required for the solubilization of the enzyme from muscular tissue (0.05 M).
      Studies of electrophoretic, kinetic properties and thermolability of the tumor
      enzyme demonstrated that only two hexokinase isoenzymes were found in sarcoma M-I
      hyaloplasm as compared with muscular tissue where isoenzymes I, II and IV were
      observed.

PMID- 1216773
TI  - [The role of the nervous system in the mechanism of breakdown of carbohydrate and
      energy metabolism in muscle tissue under experimental botulism].
AB  - In skeletal muscle under a local botulinic intoxication and denervation the
      alterations in metabolism of glycogen, phosphocreatine, lactic and pyruvic acids
      were studied. The data obtained suggest that the dissimilarity in impairments of
      carbohydrate-energy metabolism in botulism and denervation was due to existence
      of variable types of impairments in the nerves.

PMID- 1216776
TI  - [Kinetics of human haemoglobin oxidation in normal and pathological states].
AB  - Kinetics of human haemoglobin oxidation by ferricyanide was studied in the
      process of development and in hematological diseases. The rate of haemoglobin
      oxidation was found to be altered in different ages and pathological states.
      Possible correlation between a peculiarity of oxidation reaction and haemoglobin
      composition is discussed.

PMID- 1216777
TI  - [Study of toxin from burned skin].
AB  - By means of gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography and polyacrylamide gel
      disc electrophoresis the toxin from burned rat skin was characterized as a
      protein with molecular weight 300,000 containing 3-5 subunits. Dissociation of
      the initial complex was caused by ion exchange chromatography, electrophoresis in
      fine pore gels and under storage. The dissociation was shown to become
      irreversible in presence of detergents.

PMID- 1216779
TI  - [Effect of thyroxine and hydrocortisone on the content of retinol and retinyl
      palmitate in liver tissue, kidney and blood of rats, loaded with high doses of
      retinyl acetate].
AB  - Administration of hight doses of retinyl acetate into rats caused an increase in
      content of retinol in liver tissue and kidney and retinyl palmitate in liver
      tissue, kidney and blood. The simultaneous administration of thyroxine decreased
      the accumulation of retinol and retinyl palmitate in liver tissue. At the same
      time, in kidney content of retinol was increased but content of retinol and
      retinyl palmitate in blood and retinyl palmitate in kidney did not differ from
      the values estimated in the control group. The simultaneous administration of
      retinyl acetate and hydrocortisone decreased the accumulation of retinol and
      retinyl palmitate in liver tissue, increased the content of vitamin A in blood
      and did not influence its content in kidney.

PMID- 1216778
TI  - [Alpha-L-fucosidase activity in human blood].
AB  - The alpha-L-fucosidase activity was studied in blood plasma and cells. In
      leucocytes and blood plasma of healthy persons the fucosidase activity varied
      considerably. The fucosidase activity in blood was not altered under pathological
      conditions other than fucosidosis. The fucosidase activity did not depend on sex
      and age of the persons studied. No correlation was observed between the values of
      the fucosidase activity. Two forms of fucosidase (alpha-L-fucosidase I and alpha
      L-fucosidase II) were found in human leucocytes and blood plasma. Isoelectric
      focusing experiments indicates multiple forms alpha-L-fucosidase from human
      serum. The possibility is discussed of the use of human blood plasma and cells
      not only for estimation of the total fucosidase activity but also for studies of
      different forms of the enzyme.

PMID- 1216781
TI  - [Express microanalysis of total lipids and their fractions in blood serum by
      micro-thin layer chromatography].
AB  - A rapid and sensitive microanalysis in blood serum of total lipids and their main
      fractions (phospholipids, free cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerids,
      esters of cholesterol) by means of micro-thin layer chromatography is described.
      The quantitative determination of total lipids and their fractions, after elution
      from the chromatogramms, was carried out by means of degradation with
      concentrated sulphuric acid and subsequent photometric estimation at 400 nm. The
      method enabled to determine from 15-20 mcg to 180-200 mcg of total lipids and
      their fractions. The error of the method did not exceed +/-8.5% for total lipids.

PMID- 1216780
TI  - [Effect of prolonged administration of thyrocalcitonine on mineralization of
      regenerating bone after fracture].
AB  - A distinct effect on all the stages of regenerating bone mineralisation was
      observed after daily (within the experimental period) intramuscular
      administration of thyrocalcitonine with prolonged action (a complex with
      polyvinyl pyrrolidone) into male rat at a dose 2.5 un/kg of body weight. The drug
      caused an inhibitory effect on metabolism within the first 10 days of the
      experiment. Within 2-3 weeks after the fracture the intensity of metabolic
      processes was increased. Contents of calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium
      were markedly increased in liquid phase of the bone rissue. The synthesis of
      phosphoproteins, organic non-protein phosphates and the inorganic phosphate was
      also increased. The data obtained suggest that thyrocalcitonine caused a
      stimulating effect on aerobic resynthesis of macroergic phosphate containing
      substances and the increase in the functional activity of osteogenic cells.

PMID- 1216782
TI  - [A method for quantitative isolation of lipoproteins from blood vessel walls in
      an electric field].
AB  - A method was developed for complete liberation of lipoproteins from human and
      rabbit blood vessel walls. The liberation of lipoproteins was performed in
      specially constructed cell at 290 volts, 10 mA and 4 degrees C within 3 hrs.
      During this process the lipoproteins maintained their native state.

PMID- 1216783
TI  - [Determination of the size of protein molecules by means of polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis].
AB  - A correlation between the relative electrophoretic mobility of 15 proteins and
      the concentration of polyacrylamide gel was considered. The extrapolation of
      straight lines to the zero mobility enabled to determine the effective radius of
      protein molecules and the extrapolation to the zero concentration of the gel was
      used to estimate the free electrophoretic mobility. Use of the method for study
      of protein molecules is discussed.

PMID- 1216785
TI  - [Diagnosis of cancer of a peripheral bronchus].
AB  - Among 308 patients with peripheral cancer of the lung in 132 patients (42.9%)
      tumor was found during fluorographic examination. The operability in these
      patients was higher, the size of the tumor was somewhat less, metastases in
      intrathoracic lymph nodes in radical surgery occurred more rarely. However, these
      differences were not significant enough to regard patients with asymptomatic
      peripheral cancer as being in a better condition, compared with those having a
      symptomatic disease. It is concluded that a fluorographic survey, as it is at
      present time, fails to reveal early form of peripheral lung carcinoma.

PMID- 1216784
TI  - [Surgical care for lung cancer patients in the Moscow area].

PMID- 1216786
TI  - [A change in the concentration of DNA during radiation therapy of cancer of the
      larynx].
AB  - The author has studied microspectrophotometrically the DNA content in cell nuclei
      of 30 nonirradiated and 30 irradiated with different doses squamous-cell
      laryngeal cancers and their regional metastases in the growth zone of
      histological sections and in cytological specimens (impressions). The DNA
      "accumulation index" and polyploidization phenomenon were found to be
      considerably decreased depending on radiation dosage in the group of observations
      with a good clinical effect. In cytological preparations (impressions) these
      indices were lower, that seems to be related with the fact that cells of central
      tumor portions would get into the impression-preparation. Kinetic changes in the
      DNA content and a histographic type can characterize the tissue radiosensitivity,
      thus allowing an objective morphological control over radiation therapy.

PMID- 1216787
TI  - [Mesotheliomas of the pleura].
AB  - The materials concerning 19 patients with pleural mesotheliomas are analysed. The
      patients were subdivided into three groups according to the clinico
      roentgenological picture and course of the affection: 1) four patients in whom
      pleural mesothelioma proceeded without exudate accumulation; 2) seven patients in
      whom exudate accumulation in the pleural cavity was the main sign of the tumor;
      3) 8 subjects in whom the tumor developed on the side of an artificial
      pneumothorax many years following its cessation. Among 19 patients only in 5
      cases the tumor was suspected soon after their admission to the hospital. A
      needle biopsy of the pleura is felt to be the most effective method of diagnosis
      of pleural mesotheliomas, whereas in failure of the former -- pleuroscopy.

PMID- 1216788
TI  - [Indices of cellular immunity in lung cancer patients].

PMID- 1216789
TI  - [Chemotherapy of generalized forms of lymphogranulomatosis with vinblastine and
      vincristine].
AB  - An experience with vinblastine and vincristine, used separately and together for
      treatment of 69 patients with lymphogranulomatosis, stage III and IV, enabled the
      author to draw the conclusion as to the rationality of the combination therapy
      with these cytostatics of nearly similar chemical structure and actively
      influencing the lymphogranulomatous tissue. Of special interest is the efficacy
      of using vinblastine in combination with vincristine in patients showing
      lymphogranulomatous lesions of the lung, especially in case of destructive
      changes, in comparatively low toxic affects of a combination of these substances.

PMID- 1216790
TI  - [The origin of Barr-positive and Barr-negative dyshormonal tumors].
AB  - It has been found that females with dyshormonal tumors can be divided into two
      groups as to the incidence of sex chromatin in buccal mucosa. An existance of two
      groups differentiated by the sex chromatin incidence was also supported by the
      data obtained during examination of apparently healthy females of child-bearing
      age. The relationship has been established between the incidence of sex chromatin
      and certain features of the reproductive function. It may be assumed that the
      female population consists of two subgroups differentiated by a constitutional
      type of hormonal balance. Some evidences on population heterogeneity as concerns
      the factors determining the incidence of sex chromatin were obtained in studies
      of the latter conducted in males. We may suggest, therefore, the relationship
      between the two variants of dyshormonal tumors and two constitutional types of
      ageing.

PMID- 1216791
TI  - [Immunogenesis and the functional state of the adrenals during tumor growth].
AB  - Based on the literature data and results of histochemical studies of fascicular
      and reticular zones of the adrenal gland, a conclusion is made that adrenal
      glucocorticoid function is impaired already during the initial period of
      malignification. During the stage of intensive tumor growth some signs of
      exhaustion of the fascicular zone are observed against the background of
      decreased protective functions of the connective tissue system; in the terminal
      period of the adrenal function and immunogenesis apparatus are found to be
      suppressed. The resistance to tumor growth is associated with activation of
      immuno-protective reactions of the organism and enhancement of the glucocorticoid
      function.

PMID- 1216792
TI  - [Cytomorphologic characteristics of malignant tumors of the mediastinum].
AB  - The cytomorphological characteristics of most frequently encountered malignant
      tumors of the mediastinum are described. Needle biopsy specimens of mediastinal
      neoplasms were examined in 152 patients, 77 of them (56,2%) having malignant
      tumors. In 118 cases pathomorphological study of the intraoperative or biopsy
      findings was performed. The correct positive cytological conclusion was made in
      85 (56.2%) patients negative -- in 31 (20.3%), doubtful -- in 33 (21.7%),
      pseudopositive -- in 3 (1.9%).

PMID- 1216793
TI  - [The effect of diphenine on the growth and metastasis of experimental malignant
      tumors].

PMID- 1216794
TI  - [Vegetative-vascular disorders during intensive mental work].

PMID- 1216795
TI  - [Experimental data on the toxicity of oil-soluble salt of dicyclohexylamine (HSSD
      11), inhibitor of atmospheric corrosion of metals].

PMID- 1216796
TI  - [Use of ribonucleic acid in complex treatment of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1216797
TI  - [Incidence of digestive diseases in workers in contact with carbon disulfide
      under conditions of viscose production].

PMID- 1216798
TI  - [Treatment of serum hepatitis].

PMID- 1216799
TI  - [Treatment of patients with viral hepatitis complicated by pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1216800
TI  - [Sclerosing cholangitis in differential diagnosis of jaundice].

PMID- 1216802
TI  - [Specialization of pediatrician practitioners in the subinternship-internship
      system].

PMID- 1216801
TI  - [Polymyositis as a manifestation of septicopyemia].

PMID- 1216803
TI  - [Role of organizational-methodical units in the work of urban medical
      specialists].

PMID- 1216804
TI  - [Echographic study of the zones of regional metastases of cancer of the thyroid
      gland].

PMID- 1216805
TI  - [Cortisol binding by plasma transcortin in patients with thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1216806
TI  - [Radioiodine therapy of thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1216807
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of therapeutic effect of antiprotease inhibitors in
      acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1216808
TI  - [Relationship between the activity of trypsin and trypsin inhibitors in duodenal
      ulcer].

PMID- 1216809
TI  - [Evaluation of liver condition by means of radioisotope hepatography in chronic
      alcoholism].

PMID- 1216810
TI  - [Functional state of the liver in chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 1216811
TI  - [Morphological changes in the liver and its blood vessels in systemic
      scleroderma].

PMID- 1216812
TI  - [Hoigne reaction in patients with chronic gastritis and ulcer disease].

PMID- 1216814
TI  - [Classification of chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1216813
TI  - [Actinomycosis of the urogenital organs].

PMID- 1216815
TI  - [Heparin metabolism in chronic and acute pneumonia].

PMID- 1216816
TI  - [Remote results of conservative treatment of acute lung abscess].

PMID- 1216817
TI  - [Change of haptoglobin in acclimatization of patients with chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1216820
TI  - [Intermittent administration of rifadine in destructive forms of pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1216818
TI  - [Roentgenological functional tests in diagnosis of certain lung diseases].

PMID- 1216819
TI  - [Zonal ventilation and blood flow in patients with pulmonary emphysema].

PMID- 1216821
TI  - [State of cardiovascular system and indicators of protein and lipid metabolism in
      patients with hypertensive disease].

PMID- 1216822
TI  - [Rheoencephalographic characteristics of vascular tonus in patients with cerebral
      crises in arterial hypotension].

PMID- 1216824
TI  - [Pathomorphological changes in the lymphatic system of the heart in recurrent
      rheumocarditis].

PMID- 1216823
TI  - [Case of disorder of the function of automatism and conductivity of the
      myocardium during administration of raunatin].

PMID- 1216825
TI  - [Coagulation and anticoagulation systems in blood in patients with rheumatism at
      remote periods after mitral commissurotomy].

PMID- 1216826
TI  - [Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among the population of Kharkov].

PMID- 1216827
TI  - [Analysis of mortality in toxic-infectious and somatogenic psychosis].

PMID- 1216828
TI  - [Characteristics of clinical course of cysticercosis of the 4th ventricle and
      cisterna occipitalis magna].

PMID- 1216830
TI  - [Effect of the synchronization of cell culture chronically infected with tick
      borne encephalitis virus on the synthesis of virus antigen].
AB  - A cell culture chronically infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus was
      synchronized by the methods of double thymidine block and mitotic selection.
      There was a correlation between the time at which the cells entered the S period
      of the cell cycle and 4-8 fold increase in the number of cells carrying the virus
      antigen detectable by immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1216829
TI  - [The role of virus in the morphology of tumors].

PMID- 1216832
TI  - [Distribution of exogenous interferon in experimental animals following
      intratracheal administration].
AB  - The distribution of homologous and heterologous interferon in rabbits after
      intratracheal administration was studied. The content of interferon in the lung
      tissue decreased 1 hour after injection. At 3 hours the interferon concentration
      in the lungs in some animals decreased 2-10-fold as compared with the initial. A
      considerable reduction in interferon content in the lungs was observed 24 hours
      post-injection. In the blood serum interferon was found in low titers 1, 3 and 6
      hours after intratracheal injection. On the contrary, the amount of interferon in
      the urine increased beginning at 3-6 hours after injection and up to 24-48 hours.

PMID- 1216831
TI  - [Characteristics of messenger RNA for interferon and of interferon-inducing RNA
      isolated from Newcastle disease virus infected cells].
AB  - Two kinds of RNA capable of producing interferon in a heterologous cell system
      occur in the cells producing interferon in response to induction by Newcastle
      disease virus. One of them has messenger activity for interferon and is presented
      by a single-stranded structure with sedimentation constant of 10-22 S. This RNA
      appears to belong to cellular messenger RNA. The other is capable of inducing
      interferon production by heterogenous cells, resistant to treatment with RN-ase
      and has sedimentation constant greater than 35 S. In our opinion, this RNA is the
      primary replicative RNA of the virus-inducer.

PMID- 1216834
TI  - [Variability of influenza A2 viruses in nature].
AB  - A comparative study of variability of the properties of influenza A2 viruses
      isolated in different epidemic years (1964-1965, 1968-1969, 1972-1973) showed
      that in the course of influenza virus evolution changes occurred not only in the
      antigenic properties of surface proteins (hemagglutinins and neuraminidase) but
      in a number of other properties as well. In contrast to previously circulating
      strains, influenza A2 virus strains isolated in the epidemic of 1971-1972 were
      found to have higher reproducing and neuraminidase activities, greatly increased
      thermostability and the capacity to induce viremia regularly in white mice.

PMID- 1216833
TI  - [Release of DNA from Sd phage in a protein complex].
AB  - The properties of DNA released from Cd phage upon destruction of virions by
      heating in solutions of low strength were studied. The viscosity of DNA released
      from the phage after heating in 0.01 X SSC (SSC-0.15 M NaCl divided by 0.015 M
      sodium citrate, pH 7.0) was found to be no more than 40% of that of DNA released
      from the phage destroyed by heating in 1 X SSC. Addition of salts up to 1 X SSC
      to the phage destroyed by heatings in 0.01 X SSC resulted in a marked increase of
      the viscosity of the latter. According to the results of centrifugation in cesium
      sulphate and sucrose density gradients, upon phage destruction by heating in 0.01
      X SSC DNA war released from virions in the form of a complex with protein.
      Addition of NaCl up to 1 X SSC to the phage preparations destroyed in the low
      ionic strength solution led to destruction of this complex. The complex under
      study was not formed in dialysis against 0.01 X SSC of phage preparations
      destroyed in 1 X SSC.

PMID- 1216835
TI  - [The effect of Trichinella spiralis on the susceptibility and antibody production
      to vaccinia virus].
AB  - Trichinella spiralis exerts an immunodepressive effect on production of
      antihemagglutinins to vaccinia virus in mice, increases the susceptibility to the
      virus in mice and rabbits. Deaths of mice inoculated with vaccine virus and
      generalization of the vaccination process in rabbits were observed at 33 days of
      invasion.

PMID- 1216836
TI  - [Study of the metabolic activity of a continuous line of human embryo lung cells
      infected with oncornavirus type D].
AB  - The metabolic activity of human embryo lung cell cultures infected with
      oncornavirus D obtained from the liquid phase of HEp-2 cultures was studied. In
      the infected cells of the 2nd passage there was 2-3 fold stimulation of
      biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and protein. Stimulation of DNA synthesis was
      particularly marked. In cells of uninfected cultures grown in the presence of a
      carcinogen, some stimulation of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis was observed.
      However no considerable differences were observed in the metabolic activity of
      cells in the infected cultures grown with or without carcinogen.

PMID- 1216837
TI  - [Morphogenesis of Okhotsky virus from the genus orbisvirus].
AB  - Morphogenesis of Okhotsky virus isolated in the USSR was studied. Virions of 50
      65 nm in diameter were found in the peripheral zone of cytoplasmic matrices.
      Crystalline-like arrays of virions were observed not reported by other
      investigators studying morphogenesis of orbisviruses. Besides, not directly
      associated with matrices, crystalline arrays of some proteins were found in
      infected cells for the first time with orbisviruses. Nevertheless the main stages
      of morphogenesis of Okhotsky virus were similar to those of other members of the
      orbisvirus group.

PMID- 1216838
TI  - [Viremia in respiratory syncytial virus infection].
AB  - Viremia was demonstrated to occur in experimental respiratory syncytial (RS)
      virus infection in suckling cotton rats and in natural infection in children. RS
      virus was isolated from the whole blood of the animals in 3 out of 6 experiments
      at 2, 5, 6, 7 and 15 days after inoculation, the maximum infectious titer being
      more than 10(4) TCPD50/0.1 ml. RS virus was also isolated from the blood of 7 out
      of 15 examined children presenting the typical clinical picture of RS virus
      disease during the epidemic season of RS virus infection. In 6 patients RS virus
      was isolated from one blood specimen at 1, 6 and 7 days after the onset, in one
      patient from 3 blood specimens at 6, 9 and 22 days after the onset. The
      demonstrated long-term persistence of virus in the blood suggests the possibility
      of existence of chronic RS virus infection.

PMID- 1216839
TI  - [Comparative study on the properties of influenza B viruses isolated in 1959
      1974].
AB  - The biological properties and antigenic structure of the following influenza B
      virus strains were compared: Moscow/Likh/59, Moscow/106/62, Moscow/1/66, Hong
      Kong/5/72, Yamagata/73 and USSR/01/4. The influenza B virus strains isolated in
      1972-1974 differed by hemagglutinin from those isolated in 1959-1966. The
      variability of hemagglutinin correlated with that of neuraminidase. Yamagata/73
      virus occupied a special position both with regard to the structure of surface
      antigens and to some other biological properties. Therefore, the possibility of
      occurrence in the USSR of virus strains similar to Yamagata/73 cannot be ruled
      out.

PMID- 1216840
TI  - [The incidence of epidemic mumps and the rate of antibody detection in different
      age groups of Moscow population].
AB  - Sera from Moscow residents of different ages were studied by the HI test for
      antibody to mumps virus. In newborn babies antibody was found in 94%. The number
      of subject possessing antibody decreased with age and was minimal among children
      of 3-4 years (40%) but then increased and reached 94% among adults (20 years or
      more).

PMID- 1216841
TI  - [Morphological study of neurovirulence of the Vnukovo-32 strains of rabies
      virus].
AB  - The central nervous system of white mice inoculated with the production Vnukovo
      32 strain of tissue culture rabies virus was studied histologically.
      Intracerebral inoculation resulted in parenchymatous-inflammatory lesions with
      predominantly severe involvement of the Ammon horn neurons. Subcutaneous
      inoculations also revealed a rather significant degree of neurovirulence of this
      strain, although there were definite differences in the pathomorphological
      pictures observed after inoculation by this and intracerebral route. In mouse
      experiments the Vnukovo-32 strain showed instability of the properties both with
      regard to the degree of neurovirulence and to the duration of the incubation
      period.

PMID- 1216842
TI  - [Micromethod for the HA and HI tests in ornithosis].
AB  - The possibility of using the HA and HI tests in micromethod modifications in
      ornithosis was studied. The hemagglutinating activity of various antigens was
      tested. By the employment of the micromethod antihemagglutinins were found in
      sera from patients, immunized animals (donkey and guinea pigs) as well as from
      pigeons and ducks. No antibody was found in control sera and sera from tortoises.
      The results of the HA and HI tests performed by macro- and micromethod were
      similar. The micromethod is as sensitive as the macromethod but the former is
      more economic and permits a larger amount of work to be done simultaneously.

PMID- 1216843
TI  - [Clinical screening of sterility cases for the possible presence of luteal phase
      defect (author's transl)].
AB  - Eighty consecutive cases of sterility was screened for suspected insufficiency of
      luteal function. The parameters used in the assessment were one value each for
      pregnandiol and oestrogen excretion, the basal temperature, the histological
      picture of secretory endometrium, as well as the activity of endometrial malate
      dehydrogenase and carbonanhydrase, or malate dehydrogenase and succinic
      dehydrogenase. Histological irregularities, a short luteal phase as indicated by
      the basal temperature, early abortion and a pregnandiol excretion of less than
      1.9 mg were usually accompanied by low endometrial enzymatic acitvity. A
      comparison of pregnandiol excretion levels with the other four investigated
      parameters indicated that the number of negative findings increased with
      decreasing pregnandiol values. In this way, low oestrogen excretion values
      occurred more frequently with low pregnandiol values. However, when taken in
      conjunction with other findings, a low oestrogen value does not seem to be
      characteristic of luteal insufficiency. In certain cases the suspicion of luteal
      insufficiency increases with decreasing pregnandiol values and with the number of
      negative findings concerning basal temperature, endometrial histology and
      enzymatic activity, as well as oestrogen excretion. According to this point of
      view the incidence of a presumptive luteal phase defect was 33% in the present
      investigation.

PMID- 1216844
TI  - [Comparative morphological investigations of human ovarian follicles and their
      oocytes (author's transl)].
AB  - During gynaecological operations on 27 women aged 20 to 52 years, all visible
      follicles were punctured and 42 oocytes removed for investigation partly by phase
      contrast microscope and partly by semi-thin slides. specimens of the walls of the
      follicles WERE REMOVED AND EXAMINED HIstologically. Furthermore, the activity of
      steroid-3 beta-ol dehydrogenase was demonstrated histochemically in 14 cases.
      Comparative investigations of the walls of the follicles and their oocytes gave
      the following results: 1. In non-ovulatory tertiary follicles (3 to 12 mm in
      diameter) with no, or very little luteinization of the theca interna and a
      granulosa of 3 to 10 cell layers, steroid-3 beta-ol dehydrogenase activity was
      only found in the theca interna. In 5 out of 23 follicles, the oocytes showed
      early or advanced signs of degeneration. Thus, atresia of the follicles probably
      occurs after degeneration of the oocytes. 2. 12 follicles (8 to 30 mm in
      diameter) showed distinct luteinization of the theca and steroid-3 beta-ol
      dehydrogenase activity in the theca interna, as well as in the granulosa. 4 of
      these follicles (all at least 20 mm in diameter) showed oocytes with typical pre
      ovulatory changes. In 3 other cases with a similar morphological picture of the
      follicular wall specimens, the oocytes showed no preovulatory changes. The
      conclusion is drawn that the functional differentiation of the wall of the
      follicle induces the preparation of the oocyte for ovulation. On the other hand,
      5 similar follicles already had degenerating oocytes. It remains doubtful whether
      such follicles can reach ovulation. 3. In follicles with early or advanced
      atresia, the oocytes were completely degenerated.

PMID- 1216845
TI  - [Clinical significance of hyperuricaemia in medically-hospitalized women over 50
      years of age (author's transl)].
AB  - Hyperuricaemia was detected in 150 female patients over 50 years of age in a
      medical ward and was studied in detail.  Serum uric acid levels over 6.2 mg/100
      ml were found in 29.1% of the females of this age group, the incidence of
      idiopathic hyperuricaemia being 6.4%.  The most common causes of urate elevation
      were the ingestion of diurectics (32%), pulmonary diseases (20%) and idiopathic
      hyperuricaemia (24%).  These findings suggest that treatment with saliuretics,
      especially in the case of hypertensive cardiovascular disease, requires the
      control of serum uric acid levels.  When serum uric acid levels are found to be
      elevated, treatment with allopurinol is essential.

PMID- 1216846
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute renal failure in an infant.
      Treated with streptokinase and peritoneal dialysis (author's transl)].
AB  - An infant, aged seven months, developed toxic shock with acute renal failure as a
      sequel to the development of hypertonic dehydration. The anuric phase persisted
      despite treatment of the dehydration and diuretic infusions. The coagulation
      tests showed signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation and so the child was
      given fibrinolytic therapy for 36 hours following initial heparinization.
      Excretion of urine recommenced 8 hours after the initiation of fibrinolytic
      therapy. Peritoneal dialysis was carried out in parallel with the fibrinolytic
      treatment without haemorrhagic complications. It was possible to terminate
      dialysis on the fourth day already and renal function subsequently recovered
      completely.

PMID- 1216847
TI  - [Electrical injuries in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - 11 children were admitted with electrical injuries to the Department of
      Paediatrics, University of Graz, over the 10-year period 1965 to 1974. The
      electricity was of low voltage in the case of 9 of these children, who were
      injured whilst playing with plug sockets of defective cables and of high voltage
      in 4 case. 1 child was stuck  by lightning. Cessation of respiration occurred in
      4 of the patients and was successfully counteracted in all cases by prompt mouth
      to-mouth breathing. 7 children were still shocked on admission. All children
      showed the characteristic skin lesions of electrical injury (current marks of
      linear, round or spidery form). The boy injured by high voltage electricity
      received extensive burns, in addition. The modes of electrical injury in
      childhood, the various forms of the resultant lesions, especially of the skin and
      the treatment of electrical burns are discussed.

PMID- 1216848
TI  - [The surface of human placental villi. A scanning electromicroscopic study].

PMID- 1216849
TI  - [Laryngeal chondromas and their treatment].

PMID- 1216851
TI  - [Comparative study with the barium suspension micropaque and a barium sulfate
      suspension].

PMID- 1216850
TI  - [A new aspect in oral iron therapy].

PMID- 1216852
TI  - [Traumatic facial aneurysm].

PMID- 1216853
TI  - [Comparative studies on the artificial capillary kidneys HFAK4 and HFAK 5].

PMID- 1216854
TI  - [Loss of peripheral noradrenergic mechanisms in familial dysautonomia. A note on
      its relationship to orthostatic hypotension].

PMID- 1216856
TI  - [Biochemical-pharmacological basis for the clinical use of L-dioxypheny alanine
      in Parkinson's syndrome].

PMID- 1216855
TI  - [Dopaminergic-cholinergic mutual effect in the central nervous system.
      Biochemical-pharmacological aspects].

PMID- 1216857
TI  - [The familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis].

PMID- 1216858
TI  - [Age modifications of the extrapyramidal motor system].

PMID- 1216859
TI  - [Visual-hallucinatory disorders in vertebrobasilar insufficiency].

PMID- 1216860
TI  - [The effect of amphetamine stereoisomers on the function of dopamine synapses in
      vitro].

PMID- 1216861
TI  - [Affect and bladder incontinence. A contribution to Birkmayer's affective
      vegetative stimulation and exhaustion syndrome].

PMID- 1216862
TI  - [Biochemical findings in the brain in endogenous depression].

PMID- 1216863
TI  - [Prevention and rehabilitation of cardiovascular diseases in the health resort].

PMID- 1216864
TI  - [Oto-rhino-laryngology and maxillofacial surgery-where lies the borderline?].

PMID- 1216865
TI  - [Progressive facial hemiatrophy (Romberg's syndrome)].

PMID- 1216866
TI  - [Results of treatments with beta-methyldigoxin (Lanitop) during the first 6 years
      of life].

PMID- 1216867
TI  - [Carotid and vertebral artery angiography using the contrast medium
      Angiographin].

PMID- 1216868
TI  - [25 years of the allergy outpatient department of the 1. otolaryngological clinic
      at the Vienna University].

PMID- 1216869
TI  - [Modern diagnosis in the small intestine in medical practice].

PMID- 1216870
TI  - [2 cases of suicidal lithium intoxication].

PMID- 1216871
TI  - [Experiences with the peroral small intestinal suction biopsy in children].

PMID- 1216872
TI  - Hip fractures. Influence of delay in surgery on mortality.

PMID- 1216873
TI  - The nature of visits to Wisconsin's emergency departments.

PMID- 1216874
TI  - Metabolism of ascorbic acid.

PMID- 1216875
TI  - [Reactive, neurotic and functional-autonomic disorders in the general practice].

PMID- 1216876
TI  - [Psychosomatics. Confirmation in general medicine].

PMID- 1216877
TI  - [Mental patient during and after consulting hours. Medical and legal problems of
      the practice].

PMID- 1216878
TI  - [My holy irritation with our wonderful medicine or with the current medical
      science with yesterday's means and tomorrow's knowledge].

PMID- 1216879
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of exulcerated breast carcinoma, cancer en cuirasse
      and recurrent tumors].

PMID- 1216880
TI  - [Simplified combination treatment of diabetes mellitus with sulfonylurea
      compounds and biguanides].

PMID- 1216881
TI  - [Brain damage, therapeutic teaching and psychotherapy].

PMID- 1216882
TI  - [Diagnostic errors from the viewpoint of the radiologist: case 50 and 51].

PMID- 1216883
TI  - [Psycho-social preliminaries to therapeutic consultation in general practice].

PMID- 1216884
TI  - [Diagnosis of appendicitis in rural practice].

PMID- 1216885
TI  - [Urethritis gonorrhoica and other non-gonorrheal types of urethritis].

PMID- 1216886
TI  - [Thoughts on "biologic" agriculture].

PMID- 1216887
TI  - [Mental symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency].

PMID- 1216888
TI  - [Letter from Holland. Interruption of pregnancy in the Netherlands].

PMID- 1216889
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of headache].

PMID- 1216890
TI  - [Malignant tumors in the region of the central nervous system].

PMID- 1216891
TI  - [Experiences with gold in the treatment of chronic polyarthritis].

PMID- 1216892
TI  - [Possibility of tooth discoloration after doxycycline therapy in infants and
      small children from the view point of the residential pediatrist].

PMID- 1216893
TI  - [When are drugs in pregnancy indicated and when contraindicated?].

PMID- 1216895
TI  - [Indications for lymphography in childhood].

PMID- 1216894
TI  - [Newer aspects of hormonal therapy in gynecology].

PMID- 1216896
TI  - [Sport with therapeutic gymnastic exercises as therapeutic measures for postural
      defects in adolescents].

PMID- 1216898
TI  - [Problem of biological value of milk fat and butter].

PMID- 1216897
TI  - [Reflections on the therapy of geriatric diseases of the central nervous system].

PMID- 1216899
TI  - [Antibacterial effect of plant extracts with volatile oils].

PMID- 1216900
TI  - [Work and environment. Work disability, OD (Occupational Disability), ED (Earning
      Disability) and other concepts].

PMID- 1216901
TI  - [Occupational disability and earning disability. Assumptions and consequences].

PMID- 1216902
TI  - [Disease and health certification. Work disability in the law of health
      insurance].

PMID- 1216903
TI  - [Importance of the DEA (Decrease of Earning Ability)].

PMID- 1216904
TI  - [Medical problems on the performance ability in the sense of work claims law].

PMID- 1216905
TI  - [Work ability of the receiver of social welfare].

PMID- 1216906
TI  - [Heart diseases. From symptom to diagnosis: pectoral pain].

PMID- 1216907
TI  - [Heart diseases. From symptom to diagnosis: dyspnea. Mechanism of etiology and
      differential diagnosis].

PMID- 1216908
TI  - [Heart diseases. From symptom to diagnosis: palpitations].

PMID- 1216909
TI  - [Heart diseases. From symptom to diagnosis: syncope].

PMID- 1216910
TI  - [Treatment of heart insufficiency].

PMID- 1216911
TI  - [Treatment of arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1216912
TI  - [Therapy of arrhythmias in practice].

PMID- 1216913
TI  - [Suitability of various sports within the scope of preventive and rehabilitation
      cardiology].

PMID- 1216914
TI  - [Anamnesis in general practice].

PMID- 1216915
TI  - [What does the adolescent know about his health hazards?].

PMID- 1216916
TI  - [Health education as a medical task].

PMID- 1216917
TI  - [Figures on the problem of family practice].

PMID- 1216918
TI  - [Significance of the sport for the aged in a modern industrial society].

PMID- 1216919
TI  - [The problem of post-traumatic organic psychoses].

PMID- 1216920
TI  - [Regional pain-therapy on the example of chronic headache].

PMID- 1216921
TI  - [Lipid metabolism disorders and liver].

PMID- 1216922
TI  - [Prevalence and treatment of trichomoniasis urogenitalis in rural practice].

PMID- 1216924
TI  - [Causes, diagnosis and treatment of digitalis intolerance].

PMID- 1216923
TI  - [Therapy of urination disorders and prostatitis using Nomon. Urodynamic studies].

PMID- 1216925
TI  - [Epi-Monistat and Gyno-Monistat cure Candida infections].

PMID- 1216926
TI  - [Problems of face and neck surgery near the orbital base of the skull].

PMID- 1216927
TI  - [Multiple primary malignant tumors].

PMID- 1216928
TI  - [Therapy of chronic headache in daily practice].

PMID- 1216929
TI  - [Bacterial meningitides. Viewpoints on diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1216930
TI  - [Surgico-radiological treatment of bone metastases].

PMID- 1216931
TI  - [Diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis (UGT)].

PMID- 1216932
TI  - [Indications and assessment of results in the balneo treatment of chronic
      bronchopulmonary diseases in childhood].

PMID- 1216933
TI  - [Development of special field orthopedics at universities and medical academies
      in the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 1216934
TI  - [Incidence of corneo-mandibular reflex as an effect of narcosis].

PMID- 1216935
TI  - [Tasks of the psychologist in rehabilitation (a recommendation)].

PMID- 1216936
TI  - [Hemostasis suppression by a combination of heparin and acetylsalicylic acid].
AB  - The effect of a combined application of acetylsalicylic acid and heparin on
      haemostasis is examined on 7 healthy test persons. Apart from the change of the
      plasmatic coagulation and the platelet function by the pharmaca a prolongation of
      the bleeding time which is larger than the values of the individual application
      can be established. In the in-vitro-experiment could be proved that the prolonged
      bleeding time is based on the prevented by acetylsalicylic acid release of the
      heparin neutralising factor 4 from the platelets. An improvement of the
      therapeutic effect of heparin when at the same time acetylsalicylic acid is given
      is discussed.

PMID- 1216937
TI  - [Hemodynamics of the left ventricle during myocardial infarct].
AB  - It is issued from the fact that in acute myocardial infarction depending on
      expansion and localisation of the necrosis, on the degree of the possible
      functional adaptation of the not-affected myocardium or its previous injury must
      be reckoned with different changes of the haemodynamics. The sufficient judgment
      of the function of the left ventricle which is necessary for a differentiated
      therapy is possible only by the combination of several haemodynamic parameters.
      First results of direct measurements of pressure and volume of the left ventricle
      in patients with acute myocardial infarctions are demonstrated. Two types of
      haemodynamic constellation and their therapeutic influence are demonstrated. By
      the provable applanation of the functional curve of the left ventricle a change
      of the optimum working points develops; a secure differentiation between the
      reduction of the contractile function and reduced diastolic distensibility,
      however, is not only given on account of the displacement of the functional curve
      of the left ventricle. The results show that for a haemodynamic monitoring apart
      from the direct or indirect determination of the filling pressure of the left
      ventricle a practicable measurement of the cardiac output which must be repeated
      several times is necessary for an aimed therapy from haemodynamic aspects.

PMID- 1216938
TI  - [Preinfarct and prehospital care of myocardial infarction].
AB  - In intensive therapy units, especially in guarded wards for coronary diseases,
      the lethality in acute myocardial infarction could be reduced by ca. 50%.
      However, these favourable results are nowadays of importance for the patients
      concerned only then, when the diagnosis myocardial infarction or the tentative
      diagnosis infarction are made in a short period and already prehospitally
      adequate measures are begun. The following measures are in the centre of
      prehospital care: Immediate home visit when a suspicion of infarction is present,
      immediate hospitalisation into an in-patient facility, alleviation of pain,
      immediate treatment of complications (disturbances of cardiac rhythm, shock,
      pulmonary oedema, cardiac arrest), prevention of disturbances of the cardiac
      rhythm. According to the modern knowledge is to be assumed that about 50% of the
      patients with infarction undergo a premonitory stage which lasts for hours, days
      or weeks. It is possible that here develop concrete approaches to an infarction
      prophylaxis. In the first place there are an increase of frequency, intensity and
      duration of the attacks of angina pectoris, insufficient responsiveness to
      nitrangin, provocation of the attacks by slight causes and changes of the ECG as
      they are typical for the inner layer and outer layer ischaemia and the so-called
      rudimentary infarction. The treatment of the preinfarction process should
      immediately be begun, at best under clinical conditions.

PMID- 1216939
TI  - [Complications of cardiac pacemakers].
AB  - Since the number of patients with pacemakers increases and the further
      decentralisation of the care of these patients is planned the survey has the
      purpose to inform as many physicians as possible about the complications of the
      pacemaker therapy. In the several paragraphs the problems of the regular and
      anticipated exhaustion of the battery, defects of the electronic constituents of
      the pacemaker, fracture of the cable, dislocation of the electrodes, disturbances
      of the transmission between endocardium and myocardium, disturbances of rhythm
      under pacemaker-therapy, disturbing influences by intra- and extracorporal
      causes, surgical complications and implantations in the false place are reported
      on. Knowledge and early recognition of the complications in the pacemaker-therapy
      will furthermore favourably influence the long-term prognosis of this group of
      patients.

PMID- 1216940
TI  - [Epidemiology of myocardial infarction from the obductor's view].
AB  - Fibroses of the myocardium are more frequent in both sexes than acute
      infarctions. Men and women with microinfarctions or fibroses of the myocardium
      reach an older age than patients with a macroinfarction. Fresh necroses after
      infarction (as primary infarction or reinfarction) are less frequent in men than
      old scars after macroinfarctions, but not in women. With 20-30% the number of the
      quiescent myocardial infarctions is larger than generally is assumed. Men as well
      as women with old scars after infarction or with old aneurysms of the cardiac
      wall do not reach an older age than those with a fresh necrosis after infarction.
      This is explained by the fact that the chance of survival and also the further
      life expectancy are more favourable for younger patients with infarction than for
      older ones.

PMID- 1216941
TI  - [Examination of persons in contact with plant protection and pest control
      agents].
AB  - It is referred to the great importance of the annual controls of farmers who work
      with preventive remedies for plants and insecticides. Alone during a two-year
      control 4-7 per cent of disabled persons and 15-18 percent who needed by all
      means a control were found. Among the laboratory values, apart from the
      quantitative determination of cholesterinase, above all the determination of the
      transaminases, the thymol test and the G-6-PhD stood the test. These examinations
      must by all means be carried out already before the beginning of the work. The
      number of persons who have to be controlled must be enlarged. Publications
      concerning other results hitherto yielded and the consequences which must be
      derived from this are desirable.

PMID- 1216942
TI  - [Familial occurrence of acquired heart valve defect].
AB  - A report is given on a family examination, issuing from 213 persons with an
      acquired valvular defect for the establishment of further cases on altogether 783
      relations of the direct line. In 19 families other 21 patients with an acquired
      valvular defect were found; this corresponds to a share of 2.7 % of the relations
      examined and 8.1% of the families affected, respectively. The result repays the
      expenditure and, apart from this, leads to an essential furthering of the
      confidence between physician, patient and family as the smallest social unity for
      prophylaxis, diagnostics, therapy and metaphylaxis of chronic diseases.

PMID- 1216943
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of subarachnoidal hemorrhage from the
      viewpoint of emergency medicine].
AB  - The subarchnoidal haemorrhage is an acute disease which has a high lethality and,
      therefore, in every case presents an indication for admission into an intensive
      therapeutic department. It often occurs in younger age groups and appears more
      frequently than is assumed in general. Despite impressive clinical symptoms
      (suddenly beginning stabbing headache, vomiting and disturbances of consciousness
      of various degree of severity) the picture of the disease is not exactly
      diagnosed almost in every case. From 1970 to 1974 we treated 105 patients with
      subarachnoidal haemorrhages. In this paper is referred to the most important
      clinical and paraclinical parameters. Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities
      are discussed.

PMID- 1216944
TI  - [69. Significance of work load electrocardiographic studies with reference to
      coronarographic findings].
AB  - The electrocardiography after work is assumed as an essential diagnostic aid in
      the evaluation of the chronic ischaemic heart disease. Differences in the
      diagnostic relevance of the results are related to the test method used.
      Therefore, comparison with the findings of selective coronary angiography is
      necessary, though the subject of ECG after work are functional changes, but that
      of coronary angiography are morphological ones. This study gives the comparison
      of both methods in 84 patients. In patients with coronary artery construction
      (greater than 75%) the diagnostic possibilities of ECG after work are limited.
      With regard to these patients it is pointed out that except of the obstruction of
      coronary arteries, as it is to be documented by selective coronary angiography,
      there are several further factors favourising coronary insufficiency, such as
      diminished perfusion of the peripheral coronary vessels, high levels of
      catecholamines, metabolic disturbances, diminished oxygen transport capacity or
      oxygen delivery. This may also explain the relatively low specifity of 60% of the
      ECG after work in the recognition of obstructive coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1216945
TI  - [70. Performance diagnostic studies for the determination of the condition and
      health risks of managers in comparison with other exposed and inexposed
      professional workers].
AB  - By screening examinations of 1,287 persons fit to work from 9 professions
      altogether 208 persons of risk were selected who were classified into a group of
      managers and into a group of workers who were professionally increasedly exposed
      or demanded and who were-in comparison to a control group-comprehensively after
      examined, including complex ergometry. The managers have an increased risk of
      health by hypertension and cardial ischaemia and at the same time an unfavourable
      condition. The increasedly exposed or demanded workers have an increased risk by
      hypertension and bronchitis despite favourable condition. The results confirm the
      necessity of a prevention of persons from professional and dispositional risk of
      health according to a graduated health control programme.

PMID- 1216946
TI  - [71. Float catheter and pulmonary work load hypertension in mitral valve defects
      and cor pulmonale].
AB  - In patients with mitral valvular defects as well as with chronic cor pulmonale
      there exists an ascertained relation between the pulmonary-arterial pressure in
      rest and the increase of blood pressure under easy physical load. Patients with
      high initial value or strong increase of blood pressure reveal a retarded return
      of the blood pressure of the pulmonary artery to the initial value.

PMID- 1216947
TI  - [73. The diagnostic value of the work load ECG in ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1216948
TI  - [Effect of long term treatment with trenimon in chronic progressive
      polyarthritis].
AB  - It is reported on the therapeutic effects with trenimon in patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis half a year and one year after the end of the treatment.
      When critically judged the quota of success was 32.5% for the total judgement
      after half a year. Significant relations dosis-effect could be ascertained only
      for the parameters of clinical activity up to 1 year and humoral inflammatory
      signs after half a year. When the therapeutic success is assessed in any case the
      additional therapeutic expenditure must be taken into consideration. Before the
      beginning of the therapy there was no ascertained relation between success of
      therapy and duration of the disease, sex, age, activity and function.

PMID- 1216949
TI  - [Identification of Mycobacterium rhodochrous as the causative agent of
      pericarditis in a small child].
AB  - In a child aged 2 5/12 years with a suppurating pericarditis mycobacterium
      rhodochrous was grown from a blood culture and was regarded as the causative
      organism of the disease. By means of chemotherapy and surgical measures we
      succeeded in a complete cure of the process without complications. The problems
      of microbiological diagnostics, particularly of the taxonomic differentiation of
      these causative organisms as well the therapy of the infections produced by them
      are discussed.

PMID- 1216950
TI  - [Atrial dissociation].
AB  - A case of atrial dissociation is presented and illustrated with
      electrocardiograms (normal sinus rhythm in the right, partial flutter in the left
      atrium). The possible mechanisms of dissociation between the atria are commented
      upon.

PMID- 1216952
TI  - [On the non-familial, so-called sporadicacropathia ulceromutilans of the lower
      extremities (Bureau-Barriere syndrome)].

PMID- 1216951
TI  - [Study of the increased efficacy of heparin due to carbenicillin].
AB  - On 15 patients in the in-vitro-experiment the effect of carbenicillin on the
      collagen-induced aggregation of platelets and the release of the platelet factor
      4 neutralising heparin is examined. In a high dosage carbenicillin leads to an
      inhibition of these platelet functions. Therefore, a combination of carbenicillin
      with heparin may cause an increased readiness for haemorrhage for the patient.

PMID- 1216953
TI  - [Plaque-like form of cutaneous mucinosis (PGM) and reticular erythematous
      mucinosis (REM syndrome)].
AB  - Plaque-like form of cutaneous mucinosis (PCM) (3) and Reticular Erythematous
      Mucinosis (REM-Syndrome) (5,6). Description of a patient with a transitional
      condition between REM-Syndrome and PCM (3). This patient is compared with another
      who had PCM (fig. 7). Both women were successfully treated with the antimalarial
      drug rhetis.

PMID- 1216954
TI  - [Effectiveness of vitamin A acid in diseases of the mouth mucosa: lichen ruber
      planus, leukoplakias and geographic tongue].
AB  - 52 patients, with different pattern of oral lichen planus, pre-malignant
      leukoplakia or geographic tongue, were treated with vitamin A acid. The systemic
      medication resulted in regression of discrete papules and leukoplakia-like
      appearance of oral lichen planus. Linear-hypertrophic pattern of the oral mucosa
      showed distinct involution only by topical administration of vitamin A acid. Also
      the patients suffering from pre-malignant leukoplakia or geographic tongue partly
      improved after a vitamin A acid therapy. Systemic side effects were noted after
      ignoring the tolerance limit (30 mg/day vitamin A acid/3 weeks). Inflammation and
      occasionally maceration appeared when local treatment was used over 3 weeks.
      Recurrence was observed in 11 patients.

PMID- 1216955
TI  - A modular analyzer system for double antibody radioimmunoassays.
AB  - The increasing number of determinations performed by radioimmunoassays
      necessitates rationalization of the procedures. An analyzer system has been
      developed in order to fully mechanize double antibody radioimmunoassays, which is
      essentially composed out of four independently working modules. The samples, in
      microliter vials, are carried in sample chains of up to 650 links. The first
      pipetting step is performed by syringes with displacement pistons. Additional
      reagents are rapidly added by an electronically controlled Hamilton repeating
      dispenser, which makes shaking procedures for mixing unnecessary. The bound/free
      separation is achieved discontinuously by use of Nuclepore-filters, which are
      carried in 3 inches distance (76 mm) by a 35 mm dark leader film. After covering
      the radioactive filter positions with an adhesive plastic foil from both sides,
      the film spool is directly inserted into a specially constructed gamma-counter.
      The results of the evaluation of the efficiency and of the precision of each
      module are presented in this paper.

PMID- 1216956
TI  - [Determination of serum copper by atomic absorption spectrometry (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A simple modification of the atomic absorption method for the determination of
      serum copper is described, with deproteinization but without incubation at 90
      degrees C. The method is characterized by high precision and accuracy, and it is
      linear throughout the clinically important range.

PMID- 1216957
TI  - [Enzymic determination of total serum cholesterol with centrifugal analyzers
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The enzymic determination of total cholesterol described by P. Roschlau (Z. Klin.
      Chem. Klin. Biochem. 12, 403-407 (1974)) was modified and adapted to the
      Centrifichem system. The method which requires only 5 mul serum, is accurate,
      quick and simple. A separate serum blank is not necessary. Compared with the
      manual method, smaller quantities of reagents used and the resulting decrease in
      cost are appreciable for large series of analyses. The course of the reaction at
      30 and 37 degrees C, the linearity, calibration, precision, recovery, and
      correlation with the Lieberman-Burchard method and the enzymic manual method are
      described.

PMID- 1216959
TI  - The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. IFCC Section no. 3.
      Provisional Recommendation on quality control in clinical chemistry. Part 1.
      General Principles and Terminology (Stage 2, Draft 2).

PMID- 1216958
TI  - [Determination of clinical chemical parameters in laboratory animals. Report of
      the workshop conference of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry held in Bad
      Konig/Odenwald, Germany, on the 11th and 12th of October 1974 (author's transl)].
AB  - Clinical chemical analyses are carried out in many animal experiments performed
      for medicinal research. For the evaluation of the analytical results fundamentals
      which have been tried tested and proven in human medicine are still frequently
      missing, such as reliability criteria, reference values, condition of specimen
      collecting and the knowledge of other important influences. The workshop
      conference of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry therefore prepared an
      inventory, and the most important problems were discussed with examples; guide
      lines were worked out for planning, performance and evaluation of clinical
      chemical investigations on laboratory animals.

PMID- 1216960
TI  - Fetal and maternal plasma cortisol levels during labour and after delivery in the
      human.
AB  - In a group of 15 cases the cortisol concentrations were determined in fetal and
      maternal plasma during labour and after delivery. In maternal plasma the levels
      were about twice as high as in fetal plasma and rose up to more than 1000 mug/l
      during labour (x = 639 +/- 222). After delivery the concentrations decreased. In
      fetal plasma, cortisol increased during labour from x = 173 +/- to x = 276 +/- 75
      at the time of delivery and decreased to x = 106 +/- 36 within the first 23
      hours. In a second group of 20 cases maternal and umbilical cord blood and blood
      of the newborn during the first 28 hours after delivery were analyzed. The values
      were in the same ranges as in the first group. Extremely high maternal levels
      were not correlated to higher fetal values. The cortisol levels of postmature
      children did not significantly differ from those of normal babies.

PMID- 1216961
TI  - [Enzyme-activities in serum and plasma of man, dog and rat, and the variation of
      these enzyme activities during storage of the blood].
AB  - The following enzymes were determined in the serum and plasma of man, dog and
      rat: alanine aminotransferase, asparate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase,
      lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. The enzyme assays
      were performed on an Eppendorf-Enzymautomat 5010 using optimised conditions at 25
      degrees C. The enzyme-activities changed by variable amounts during standing of
      the blood. This concerned mainly lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate
      dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum of the rat. In human
      serum and in dog serum, and in the plasma of man, dog and rat this effect was
      only less pronounced.

PMID- 1216962
TI  - Proceedings: Lipid-protein interactions in biological membranes.

PMID- 1216963
TI  - [Proceedings: Influence of phospholipids and membrane structure on enzyme
      activity of NADH: mondehydroascorbate oxidoreductase].

PMID- 1216964
TI  - [Proceedings: Ascorbate: ferricytochrome b5 oxidoreductase (EC 1.10.2.1)].

PMID- 1216965
TI  - [ Proceedings: Microsomal hydrolases and drug metabolism].

PMID- 1216966
TI  - [Proceedings: Regulation of protease secretion].

PMID- 1216967
TI  - [Proceedings: Vitamin C and cytochrome].

PMID- 1216968
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of adducts and the nature of activated oxygen for
      cytochrome P-450 catalyzed hydroxylation reactions.

PMID- 1216970
TI  - Proceedings: P-450 carbene-complexes.

PMID- 1216969
TI  - Proceedings: Stimulation of microsomal ethanol oxidation by H202 formation during
      the uncoupling of hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidation reactions.

PMID- 1216971
TI  - [Examination of sinoatrial conduction through premature atrial stimuli via the
      esophagus].
AB  - Sinoatrial (SA) conduction can be tested in man by premature atrial stimuli. The
      difference between the post-extrasystolic pause and the spontaneous sinus cycle
      is a sign of the sinoatrial delay. Extern atrial stimuli provoked over the
      esophagus showed analogous results to intracardiac tests. The sinoatrial
      conduction time estimated by the esophagus method is about 20 ms higher. In 30
      normal persons it was 95 +/- 36 ms (x +/- 2 SX). 7 patients with sick sinus
      syndrome showed aberrations as in the intracardiac test. Different types of
      sinoatrial block should be distinguished. Type I measured by the esophagus method
      had a "SAE time" over 130 ms. Type II always had compensating postextrasystolic
      pauses due to higher SA delay. Type III of other authors could not be observed;
      there are doubts about the rightness of this type. In 2 patients SA blocks over
      several sinus cysles could be induced by premature stimuli. This feature osberved
      for the first time has been declared as type IV. In 28 patients with different
      diseases of the heart type I could be found 12 times and type II 6 times; SA
      block was not known previously. The calculation of the SA time by atrial stimuli
      via the esophagus offers a riskless and simple method for the further
      differential diagnosis of disturbances of the cardiac rhythm.

PMID- 1216972
TI  - [Left atrial parasystole].
AB  - A case of atrial parasystole is described in a 55-year-old female with
      multivalvular heart disease, treated with high doses of digitalis and showing
      first-degree av block. The left atrial origin of the parasystolic P waves was
      supported by their distinctive morphology, especially in lead V1, and the
      sequence of left and right atrial activation. Depending on the refractory state
      of the myocard, there was a greater shortening of the av conduction time during
      the parasystolic discharge than during sinus beats indicating a caudal
      localization of the parasystolic center.

PMID- 1216973
TI  - [Indication for preventive pacemaker implantations in patients with severe
      disorders of atrioventricular conduction].
AB  - A method for the evaluation of patients with severe conduction disturbances who
      might develop Adams-Stokes attacks or total A-V block is described. In 9 patients
      with conduction disturbances a "stress test" of the conduction system with small
      dosis of Ajmalin was performed. In 2 patients a higher degree of A-V block
      developed (2: 1 block, total A-V block). These patients were considered as
      candidates for prophylactic pacemakerinsertion. During this procedure a temporary
      pacemaker electrode has to be put into the right ventricle to provide saftey for
      the patient.

PMID- 1216974
TI  - [Electric stimulation as a means for the diagnosis of atrioventricular conduction
      disorders].
AB  - A patient with 2 : 1-block and right-bundle-branch block is described, who
      developed a high-degree-AV block distal to the bundle of His during
      electrophysiological investigations. Rapid atrial pacing caused total AV block
      distal to the His bundle. Rapid pacing from the right ventricle also caused total
      AV block after sudden discontinuation of pacing. The duration of total AV block
      was 25 to 60 seconds and the preautomatic time 2300-4750 msec according to rate
      and duration of stimulation. These methods are considered as good tools to
      evaluate patients with severely diseased conduction system, who might develop
      total AV block or Adams-Stokes seizures.

PMID- 1216975
TI  - [Effect of thoracotomy on the contractility parameters of the left heart
      ventrilce in dogs].
AB  - The influence of thoracotomy on blood pressure, heart rate as well as maximal
      rate of pressure rise in the left ventricle (dp/dtmax), left ventricular
      pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and the parameters (see
      article) and (see article) was studied in anaesthetized and relaxed dogs, which
      were artifically respired using a Bird-Mark-8-respirator. The opening of the
      thorax leads to the following changes in+ the cardiovascular parameters: The mean
      arterial blood pressure was initially raised 9%. The heart rate increased by a
      few beats after the thoractomy, followed by a slow continuous drop so that a
      slight bradycardia was registered in the late phases of thoracotomy. The left
      ventricular pressure rose 8% after thoracic opening. The dp/dt values exhibited a
      similar rise initially (increase 17%), however fell to below the control values
      at a later stage so that a drop of 15% was registered by the end of the
      experimental period. The quotients (see article) and (see article) were slightly
      raised immediately following the opening of the thorax. During the remainder of
      the experiment the parameter (see article) underwent no appreciable changes,
      however, the quotient (see article) decreased up until the end of experiment. The
      left end-diastolic ventricular pressure dropped continually after thoracotomy.

PMID- 1216976
TI  - [Right atrial myxoma as a cardiac emergency. Diagnosis using M-mode and multiscan
      echocardiography].
AB  - A case of right atrial myxoma in a 31 year old female is reported which led to a
      typical history of syncopal episodes. The importance of echocardiography by two
      dimensional multiscan and conventionel single beam techniques for the diagnosis
      of this disorder is emphasized. Symptomes, diagnosis and clinical course are
      discussed.

PMID- 1216977
TI  - [Heart diagnosis using M-mode echocardiography. Continuing registration of
      transverse left ventricular inner diameters. I. Measurement in healthy persons].
AB  - Transversal internal diameters of the left ventricle can be determined simply,
      quickly, precisely and continuously by external application of impulse reflected
      ultrasound. These measurements permit the calculation of "relative cross
      sectional area differences" between end-diastole and end-systole (RCD); peak and
      mean velocity of circumferential fiber contraction can be equally determined. The
      present report gives an analysis of 133 measurements on 81 healthy individuals.
      All persons were examined at rest, a part of them during exercise. All
      measurements were taken while supine position. The transversal internal diameters
      averaged 4.9 cm with considerable standard deviations. There was only a trend
      showing diminution of diameters during exercise. The "relative cross-sectional
      area differences" (RCD) between end-diastole and end-systole have only small
      standard deviations compared with the diameters. The average 58.3% and show a
      slight increase during exercise. The RCD were only slightly influenced by heart
      rate at rest. In contrast, peak and mean velocity of circumferential fiber
      contraction are obviously dependent on the heart rate. The results indicate a
      linear correlation between mean velocity and heart rate. The "relative mean
      velocities of contraction" (RVC), defined by normalization of the values to a
      rate of 60/min, average 1.0 and have small standard deviations like the RCD. The
      small physiological variety and the excellent reproducibility of data offer RCD
      and RVC determined by echocardiography as sensitive dynamic heart parameters
      applicable in clinical cardial diagnosis without any stress for the patient.

PMID- 1216978
TI  - [Relation system of electrocardiographic parameters in posterior myocardial
      infarction].
AB  - The polarcoordinates of the electrical heart vector in the groups of
      posterodiaphragmatic, postero-basal and extensive posterior myocardial
      infarctions were determined by the triaxicardiometer analogue computer. The ecg
      leads of Franks' system were numerically and graphically reconstructed from the
      digitalized polarcoordinates using formulas of connection between spherical
      polarcoordinates and rectangular Cartesian coordinates. Then the 12 conventional
      leads, by the use of coefficients were synthetized from the reconstructed leads
      of Franks' system and of the conventional leads were performed by the ODRA 1204
      computer. So was created the connection system of the electrocardiological
      parameters, where the informative value of the polarcoordinates and the Cartesian
      coordinates-also mathematically-is exactly alike.

PMID- 1216979
TI  - [Kent's rhythm].
AB  - In a case of WPW syndrome type B with AV dissociation, the ectopic beats,
      presenting an extreme form of WPW morphology, are considered as a rhythm of Kent,
      attributing conductivity and automaticy to the accessory pathway.

PMID- 1216980
TI  - [Test for the determination of physical fitness 3 weeks after myocardial
      infarction].
AB  - In a consecutive group of 125 patients three weeks after myocardial infarction an
      ergometer bicycle test was performed in order to obtain an objective assesment of
      the physical fitness. The patients were exercised on 3 different workloads during
      a total time of six minutes. It was attempted to reach the training heart rate
      which was calculated from the resting heart rate plus 60% of the maximum
      increase, the maximal heart rate being "215-age in years". The Physical Work
      Capacity (PWC) was compared with the fitness of on age correlated control group.
      We could show that the PWC at hospital discharge, i.e. 3 weeks after myocardial
      infarction, was 79.6 +/- 23% of the normal value. Three weeks later it had
      improved by another 9%. A positive correlation with the CPJ of Norris and with
      the degree of physical activity prior to the acute illness could be demonstrated.

PMID- 1216981
TI  - [Morphometric investigations' on synovial membranes of human knee joints.
      Statistical analysis (author's transl)].
AB  - Sixty knee joints of 49 autopsies and 10 amputated legs were examined
      histologically by specimens removed from eight locations. The criteria considered
      were: configuration of the surface, number of rows of synovial cells, sizes of
      bodies and nuclei of the synovial cells, position of the blood vessels to the
      synovial surface, degree of sclerosis both of the subsynovial connective tissue
      and blood vessels, and infiltrates of inflammatory cells. These parameters were
      recorded in tables, and 3,600 individual data were statistically evaluated by the
      aid of a PDP-12-computer. Survey of all findings shows that the age changes of
      the synovial membrane are relatively slight. With increasing body weight
      sclerosis of the synovial blood vessels progresses, but these vessels are
      sometimes spared in generalized arteriosclerosis. The greatest number of
      individual tissue changes is noted in the fat pad, medial and lateral capsular
      parts. Thus the synovial membrane of these parts may be regarded prominently
      reactive and of special value for the diagnosis of synovial changes. Since these
      parts are easily accessible at routine arthrotomies, they are recommended as the
      sites for diagnostic biopsies.

PMID- 1216982
TI  - [Results of hallux valgus operations in young adults (author's transl)].
AB  - Compared were the results of three different hallux valgus operations (operations
      according to: Hohmann, Du Vries and Brandes) of young patients. As expected, the
      2/3-resection according to Brandes showed unsatisfactory results, cosmetically
      and functionally. For this reason, this method should only be used with hallux
      valgus with a metatarso-phalangial joint with athrotic changes and with the
      polyarthritis foot. On the other hand, there can be obtained in most cases quite
      good results or at least satisfactory ones by the subcapital osteotomy according
      to Hohmann and Du Vries. The risk of a posterior metatarso-phalangial joint
      arthrosis seems us to be higher with the method according to Du Vries as
      according to Hohmann.

PMID- 1216983
TI  - [Anatomical investigation of the blood-supply of the lunate bone (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The lunate bone receives its blood-supply via a palmar and a dorsal vascular and
      fibrous strand. When the wrist is extended the dorsal vessels are caught in a
      kind of vice formed by the radius and the capitate bone and compressed up to
      complete occlusion. This mechanism, important for the pathogenesis of Kienbock's
      disease, is demonstrated on anatomical specimens.

PMID- 1216984
TI  - [A case of sarcoma of the talus giving the radiographic appearance of a "cyst"
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of sarcoma in the talus with the radiographic appearance of a cyst is
      reported. In spite of local excision of a part of the talus there were local
      recurrence and metastases. The histologic diagnosis is discussed.

PMID- 1216985
TI  - [Immediate and delayed luxation of lower cervical vertebrae (author's transl)].
AB  - The secondary occurence of traumatic cervical spinal luxation is discussed with
      reference to three cases where there were no radiologic signs of dislocation
      immediately following the accident. Pathomechanics, diagnostic possibilities and
      treatment are discussed. Surgical realignment via the anterior access route, with
      intercorporeal spondylodesis, has proved advantageous. The name "immediate and
      delayed cervical spinal luxation" is suggested for cases of vertebral dislocation
      occurring some time after the accident.

PMID- 1216986
TI  - [Osteoporosis -- due to reduced blood circulation of bone (author's transl)].
AB  - According to a theory of the authors both senile osteoporosis and pathologic
      osteoporoses (rheumatic, in diabetes, bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema,
      portal hypertension and Cushing's disease) are due to disturbances of the
      circulation of the blood in bone. Every type of stasis in the sinusoids, be it
      due to reduced arterial supply or venous stasis or to a reduction of
      extravascular fluid-pressure will provoke an increase in osteoclastic activity
      and thus osteoporosis.

PMID- 1216987
TI  - [Demonstration of the "length-disharmony" syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - Illustrations show the anatomical variant, the "length-disharmony" and its
      relationship to important deformities like scoliosis and funnel chest. This
      syndrome may be of interest since it provides a plausible explanation for the
      development of idiopathic scoliosis.

PMID- 1216988
TI  - [Management in avascular necrosis of the femoral head (author's transl)].
AB  - For differentiated indication for operative treatment of avascular necrosis of
      the femoral head following points have to be considered: age, sex and profession
      of the patient, precedent treatments, state of contralateral and neighbouring
      joints. -- Methods of operation: Osteotomy for redistribution, filling with
      spongious bone and muscle-pedicle-bone graft, transplantation of homeoplastic
      osteochondral cups of the femoral head, Smith-Petersen-Cup arthroplasty-
      alloarthroplastic replacement of the femoral head, total replacement of the hip
      joint, resection of the femoral head and angulation-osteotomy of the diaphysis,
      arthrodesis of the hip joint. These methods are discussed with regard to personal
      conditions, surgical techniques, postoperative treatment as well as their
      advantages and disadvantages. There is no causative treatment of avascular
      necrosis of the femoral head. Therefore it is especially important to use the
      different methods appropriate to the special situation.

PMID- 1216989
TI  - [A case of a very benign tumor of bone: desmoplastic fibroma of the fore-arm
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of multilocular desmoplastic fibroma in both bones of the fore-arm, a very
      rare localization, is described. Diagnosis and treatment are discussed with cases
      so far puclished. The important distinction from a highly differentiated
      fibrosarcoma is mentioned.

PMID- 1216990
TI  - [A fitting tool for the halo (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple fitting tool for placing the halo under local anesthesia is described.

PMID- 1216991
TI  - [Results of treatment with Pavlik harness for congenital dislocation of the hip
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of treatment with Pavlik harness in 168 hip joints have been
      reviewed. The average follow-up period was 8 years 6 months. In total 114 hip
      joints were treated only by Pavlik harness. Four hip joints were treated by
      surgical methods after conservative treatment. The results were very good in
      81.0%. Subluxated hips were in 8.9%. Coxa valga et antetorta in 6.0% and deformed
      head in 4.1%. In a high percentage of our cases radiologically very good results
      were found. Joint development must be further followed up.

PMID- 1216992
TI  - [The alcaline serumphosphatase activity from adult and children after osteotomies
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Alcaline phosphatase activities in the Sera from 50 children of the age of 2-9
      years were determined after intertrochanteric osteotomies. A significant decrease
      of enzymatic activity was to be seen, in contrast to the adult, where a slight
      increase of alcaline serum-phosphatase activity during bone healing is known. The
      possibility of reduced enzyme production caused by the postoperative
      immobilisation of the children is discussed.

PMID- 1216993
TI  - [A case of juxta-cortical chondroma (author's transl)].
AB  - A further case of juxta-cortical chondroma in the first finger-ray of a 61-year
      old woman. Periosteal chondroma is an extremely rare benign tumor. Only 34 cases
      can be found in the literature. The tumor is cured with surgical removal.

PMID- 1216994
TI  - [Report on the experience with 42 scoliosis operations using the Harrington
      instrumentarium. Comment on the paper by K. A. Matzen, V. Fischer, W. Paulus: Z.
      Orthop.112 (1975) 1062-1070].

PMID- 1216995
TI  - [Report on the experience with 42 scoliosis operations using the Harrington
      instrumentarium. Reply to the comment by K. Zielke and B. Pellin].

PMID- 1216996
TI  - [Treatment of segmental ischemic necroses of the head of femur with
      intertrochanteric flexion-osteotomy (author's transl)].
AB  - We call conditions with focal necroses in the head of femur "segmental necroses".
      Where possible we prefer to treat this condition with intertrochanteric
      displacement osteotomy, either with flexion- or varus displacement. As with
      arthrosis of the hip-joint the effects of displacement osteotomy are: reduction
      of tension of the muscles acting on the joint and increase in the leverage of the
      abductors reduce the work-load of the joint. An intact sector of the femoral head
      is placed into the weightbearing position and the necrotic segment is relieved.
      Immediate freedom from pain is supposed to be due to a normalization of the
      internal pressure in the marrow-cavity. For radiologic examination of segmental
      necroses of the femoral head tangential films (after Schneider) in addition to AP
      and axial films have proved useful. Early results of 16 flexion osteotomies for
      segmental necrosis of the head of femur, followed up for 6-34 months after
      operation (and further for up to 54 months), are encouraging. Impressive
      improvement of pain occurred in 14, of gait in 11 patients. The range of movement
      of the diseased joints, however, was not essentially increased.

PMID- 1216997
TI  - [The development of the dysplastic hip-joint following intertrochanteric rotating
      varus-osteotomy (author's transl)].
AB  - Evaluation of radiographs of 267 children with 465 intertrochanteric rotating
      varus osteotomies, carried out between the ages of 15 months and 14 1/2 years.
      The period of follow-up varied between 2 and 15 1/4 years. 1. The CCD angle on
      the last radiograph was normal in 77%, once more in values in 16.2%, coxa vara in
      7%. 2. The AT angle was about normal only in 58.3% (0-20 degrees); it relapsed in
      8.4% (over 35 degrees); in 8.8% a corrected angle did not return after
      retrorotation, particularly on the left. 3. The Ac angle was normal in 63.3%. 4.
      The CE angle corresponded to the norm in 59.1%. 5. Good late results (normal
      angles and shape of head) occur only in 20%. If one omits the AT condition, they
      rise to 40%. 6. The main causes of return of valgus appear to be: too early
      operation before the fifth year, mainly when disregarding the dysplastic
      acetabular roof, insufficient correction of the CCD angle of over 115 degrees,
      and technical faults. For physiologic weightbearing by the acetabular roof an AT
      angle of 10 appears necessary. 7. When dysplasia of the acetabular roof is
      present, the polyaxial correction of the proximal end of femur must be combined
      with acetabuloplasty or pelvic osteotomy.

PMID- 1216998
TI  - [Current concepts concerning the mechanisms of development and termination of a
      convulsive seizure].

PMID- 1216999
TI  - [Bodily functions and metabolism during prolonged hypokinesia in a complex
      experiment].

PMID- 1217000
TI  - [Visceral signalization and the thalamus].

PMID- 1217002
TI  - [59th sessions of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Pathologie. A. Welcoming
      addresses].

PMID- 1217001
TI  - [Neuronal mechanisms of memory].

PMID- 1217003
TI  - [The responsibility of human pathologist in the future of medicine and public
      health-service (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217004
TI  - [Biology of aging. Introduction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217005
TI  - [The genetic regulation of the aging of cells, organs, and organisms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217006
TI  - [The pathogenic role of age-related immune dysfunctions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217007
TI  - [Does guidance of immunologic auto-tolerance fail in old age?].

PMID- 1217009
TI  - [The influence of nutritional factors on the life-span and ageing (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217008
TI  - [Radiation effects and ageing (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217010
TI  - [The meaning of circadian rhythmicity with regard to aging man (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217011
TI  - [On ageing of organs (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217012
TI  - [Faulty enzymes--cause or consequence of aging? (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217013
TI  - [Ageing and disease. Deduction of a new theory of ageing on the basis of
      polypathia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217014
TI  - [Population-statistical and clinical-epidemiology comments on geriatrics].

PMID- 1217015
TI  - [Possibility of controling the aging process through "immunopathologic"
      intervention].

PMID- 1217017
TI  - [Aging process in the vertebral eye].

PMID- 1217016
TI  - [Genetic determination of physiopathological aging].

PMID- 1217018
TI  - [Aging process of the myocardium].

PMID- 1217019
TI  - [Vascular wall and articular cartilage].

PMID- 1217020
TI  - [Joint surgery in advanced age].

PMID- 1217021
TI  - [The significance of organ changes in old age for drug therapy].

PMID- 1217022
TI  - [Aging from the anthropological viewpoint].

PMID- 1217023
TI  - [Age-related changes in collagen (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217024
TI  - [Experimental investigations of growth hormone depending DNA-synthesis during
      aging processes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217025
TI  - [Influence of partial hepatectomy on the cortison-induced polysome-condensation
      in the liver of old rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217026
TI  - [Problems of quantitative determination of the nuclear DNA content of the human
      epidermis with respect to regeneration and aging (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217027
TI  - [Immunopotential and lymph node morphology of senile mice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217028
TI  - [Measuring of biologic age in samples of kidney and brain obtained at autopsy
      from rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217029
TI  - [Age-related changes of informational macromolecules (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217030
TI  - [Age-dependent structural transformation of human neuronal lipopigment (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217031
TI  - [The brown coloring of the permanent cartilage tissue in old age (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217032
TI  - [Functional morphometric analysis of the aging articular cartilage (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217033
TI  - [Comparative clinical and pathological-anatomical examinations on the
      quantitative determination of the spongiosa break-down in lumbar vertebrae and in
      the neck of the femur with advancing age (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217034
TI  - [Age relation and diagnostic value of postmortem mineral analysis of human hearts
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217035
TI  - [DNA content and number of nuclei in myocardial cells of atrophic hearts
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217036
TI  - [Ageing of collagen fibrils (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217037
TI  - [Coronary arteriosclerosis and risk factors in the aged (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217038
TI  - [About age-dependent changes of distensibility of postmortem human coronary
      arteries (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217039
TI  - [Early lesions of atherosclerosis in old persons (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217040
TI  - [Distribution patterns of arteriosclerosis: age and risk criteria with epicardial
      and intramural changes of the coronary vessels in patients with myocardial
      infarction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217041
TI  - [Vascular changes of the penis in advanced age (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217042
TI  - [Senile lung, structure and function (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217043
TI  - [Pulmonary amyloidosis in the aged (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217044
TI  - [Morphometric analysis of human kidney cortex during life. Lightmicroscopical
      investigations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217045
TI  - [The pathogenesis of the glomerulosclerosis of ageing. Light and electron
      microscopic studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217046
TI  - [Alterations in age of the pancreatic ductal system and their influence to the
      excretoric parenchyma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217047
TI  - [Enzyme histochemical findings in the aging brain of laboratory animals (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217048
TI  - [Changes in the telencephalic choroid plexus of man with age (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217049
TI  - [Aging in the CNS, a dissociate, quantitative biological process (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217050
TI  - [Hyperplastic and adenomatous age dependent changes in the anterior pituitary of
      the rat (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217051
TI  - [Morphological studies in the anterior pituitary gland of old rats (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217052
TI  - [Remarks concerning the changes of the human pineal gland in old age (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217053
TI  - [The occurrence of crystalline calcium oxalate in thyroid colloid in different
      functional states and ages. A light and electron microscopic study (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217054
TI  - [Morphology of aging in rat adrenals (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217057
TI  - [Histopathology of the breast of the aging female with particular reference to
      the cancer problem (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217056
TI  - [Karyometry of age-related changes in female mammary glands (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217055
TI  - [Age dependent changes of the adrenal cortex in man (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217058
TI  - [Behaviour of cervical epithelium in course of life (with regard to
      postmenopausal cervical mucus) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217059
TI  - [Age-dependent avidin induction in quail oviduct: a model for molecularbiological
      gerontology (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217060
TI  - [Age-related microscopic observations in ulcerative colitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217061
TI  - [Proceedings: Activity of non-specific pulmonary esterase following artificial
      fat embolism. Histo- and ultrahistochemical studies].

PMID- 1217062
TI  - [Proceedings: Transmission- and scanning electron microscopy studies on the
      effect of hypoxia on sinus endothelium of the liver in young and old rats].

PMID- 1217063
TI  - [Proceedings: Electron microscopy studies on the permeability of pulmonary
      vessels in experimental neurogenic pulmonary edema].

PMID- 1217065
TI  - [Proceedings: Ultrastructural skin changes in acromegaly].

PMID- 1217064
TI  - [Proceedings: Scanning electron microscopy studies on osteoblasts and bone matrix
      following acute and chronic stimulation with parathormone].

PMID- 1217066
TI  - [Proceedings: Prolactin-cell-adenomas. Histochemical, immunohistological and
      electron-optic studies].

PMID- 1217067
TI  - [Proceedings: Incidence and distribution of thyroid gland tumors in surgery and
      autopsy material].

PMID- 1217068
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimental thioacetamide damage to the cat as model for liver
      decomposition].

PMID- 1217069
TI  - [Proceedings: Intra- and extrarenal vascular lesions in acute HgCl2 intoxication
      in the rat].

PMID- 1217070
TI  - [Proceedings: Inhibition of D-galactosamine-induced damage to liver cells through
      D-fructose administration].

PMID- 1217071
TI  - [Proceedings: Lipopigment and cellular autophagy].

PMID- 1217072
TI  - [Reversible hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the mouse liver during functional
      phenobarbital load].

PMID- 1217073
TI  - [Proceedings: Late effect of thoracic duct blockade on the regeneration ability
      of liver and kidney in the rat].

PMID- 1217075
TI  - [Proceedings: Endocrine cells in the rat thymus].

PMID- 1217074
TI  - [Proceedings: Induced synchrony of cell-cycle phases in the regenerating rat
      liver].

PMID- 1217076
TI  - [Proceedings: Morphological and cell-kinetic findings in the spleen following
      single antigen stimulation].

PMID- 1217077
TI  - [Proceedings: Generalized BCG-histiocytosis with fatal outcome].

PMID- 1217078
TI  - [Proceedings: The problem of BCG-osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1217079
TI  - [Proceedings: Endothelial changes following endotoxin-induced shock].

PMID- 1217080
TI  - [Proceedings: Behavior of fibrinolytic potentials in pulmonary vessels during
      shock].

PMID- 1217081
TI  - [Proceedings: Comparative electron microscopy studies of dog hearts following
      various forms of ischemia].

PMID- 1217082
TI  - [Proceedings: Morphological findings in myocardial biopsies].

PMID- 1217083
TI  - [Proceedings: Growth of transverse section surfaces of human heart ventricles].

PMID- 1217084
TI  - [Proceedings: Vascular flow edge of the aorta. Scanning electron microscopy
      studies on the topography of the internal relief of the rabbit aorta].

PMID- 1217085
TI  - [Proceedings: Characteristic early histochemical reactions of the gastric mucosa
      in cancer].

PMID- 1217086
TI  - [Proceedings: Role of serum complement in the formal genesis of acute
      pancreatitis].

PMID- 1217087
TI  - [Proceedings: Contribution of electron microscopy to the pathology of plasma
      lipoproteins].

PMID- 1217088
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimental studies on the effect of ethanol on stimulated
      erythropoiesis].

PMID- 1217089
TI  - [Proceedings: Histological and biopsy bone-marrow findings in treated and
      untreated myeloses].

PMID- 1217090
TI  - [Proceedings: Diagnosis of "hairy-cell leukemia" (leukemic reticuloendotheliosis)
      from the biopsy of bone marrow].

PMID- 1217091
TI  - [Proceedings: Electron microscopy findings in the bone marrow of chronic
      megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis].

PMID- 1217092
TI  - [Proceedings: Comparative animal experiments for microangiopathic-hemolytic
      anemia].

PMID- 1217093
TI  - [Proceedings: Induction of liver tumors through locally implanted carcinogens].

PMID- 1217094
TI  - [Proceedings: Proliferation kinetics of the mouse skin under the influence of
      promoting and initiating substances].

PMID- 1217095
TI  - [Proceedings: Spontaneous reversion of neoplastic cells].

PMID- 1217096
TI  - [Proceedings: Thymus gland and tumor growth--mice (nude), congenitally a thymic,
      as a new oncologic test model].

PMID- 1217097
TI  - [Proceedings: Epitheloid-cell granulomas of the spleen in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1217098
TI  - [Proceedings: Demonstration of a rare case of Ewing's sarcoma involving the upper
      jaw].

PMID- 1217099
TI  - [Proceedings: Ameloblastic fibroma and its sarcomatous degeneration].

PMID- 1217100
TI  - [Proceedings: Tissue-specific blood group substances in carcinomas and polyps of
      the large intestine].

PMID- 1217101
TI  - [Proceedings: Comparative light- and electron microscopy studies of uterine
      sarcomas. A contribution on cytogenesis and classification].

PMID- 1217102
TI  - [Proceedings: Formal genesis of experimentally inverted papilloma and
      adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder].

PMID- 1217103
TI  - [Etiology and epidemiology of breast cancer].

PMID- 1217104
TI  - [Proceedings: Pathology of pre- and early stages of breast cancer].

PMID- 1217105
TI  - [Multicentric carcinomas and a typical hyperplasias of the mammary gland].

PMID- 1217107
TI  - [Proceedings: Are microcalcifications a pathognomonic indicator for breast
      cancer?].

PMID- 1217106
TI  - [Proceedings: DNA pattern in breast carcinomas, precancerous and nonproliferating
      mastopathies].

PMID- 1217108
TI  - [Morphological stubstrate of roentgenologically determined "microcalcifications"
      of the mammary gland].

PMID- 1217109
TI  - [Seminar for electron microscopic-histochemical techniques (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217110
TI  - [Seminar on analytic methods for lipid and lipoprotein detection (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217111
TI  - [Proceedings: Morphological study and clinico-anatomical correlation of membrane
      proliferating glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1217112
TI  - [Proceedings: Ultrastructural characteristics of membrane-proliferating
      glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1217113
TI  - [Proceedings: Primary glomerulonephritis with mesangial IgA deposits].

PMID- 1217114
TI  - [Comparative study of clinical morphological correlations in idiopathic and
      postmedicamentous perimembraneous glomerulonephritis (PGN)].

PMID- 1217115
TI  - [Proceedings: Size of juxtaglomerular cell complexes in various forms of
      glomerulonephritis with the facultative nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 1217116
TI  - [Proceedings: Structure of the glomerulus in the rat kidney. (Attempt at
      reconstruction)].

PMID- 1217117
TI  - [Glomerular lesions in dysproteinemias].

PMID- 1217118
TI  - [Proceedings: Electron microscopy studies of the kidney in dysproteinemia].

PMID- 1217119
TI  - [Proceedings: Structural principles of the barrier function in normal and
      nephrotic glomeruli].

PMID- 1217120
TI  - [Proceedings: Problems of "pseudo-lymphomatous malignant lymphadenopathy"].

PMID- 1217121
TI  - [Proceedings: Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients treated with appetite
      depressants in Switzerland].

PMID- 1217122
TI  - [Carcinoma in situ of the breast].

PMID- 1217123
TI  - [Proceedings: Dermatosparaxia of cattle].

PMID- 1217124
TI  - [Morphological studies on the histogenesis of central giant-cell granuloma of the
      jaw area].

PMID- 1217125
TI  - [Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry studies of thyroid gland tumors].

PMID- 1217126
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimental induction of gastric tumors in the miniature swine].

PMID- 1217127
TI  - [Surface of experimental tumors in the small intestine of the rat].

PMID- 1217128
TI  - [Pathological findings in tumor nephrectomies].

PMID- 1217129
TI  - [Testicular carcinoid and its relationship to the APUD-system].

PMID- 1217131
TI  - [Concentration of serum pepsinogen in rats following gastrectomy].

PMID- 1217130
TI  - [Effect of combined hormone and radiotherapy on prostatic cancer. Light- and
      electron microscopy findings].

PMID- 1217132
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the liver sinus following lethal and therapeutic roentgen
      irradiation].

PMID- 1217133
TI  - [Histological reaction of the endometrium to intrauterine administered
      gestagens].

PMID- 1217134
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimentally induced myocardial necrosis in premedication with
      strophanthin].

PMID- 1217135
TI  - [Postnatal testicular development of white rats following glucocorticoid
      treatment of mothers during pregnancy].

PMID- 1217137
TI  - [Proceedings: Effect of carbocromen (Intensain) on the mesenchyma: electron
      microscopy studies].

PMID- 1217136
TI  - [Light- and electron microscopy studies on dura transplants preserved with
      solvents in animal experiment].

PMID- 1217138
TI  - [Ultrastructure changes of autonomic nerves in the rat parotid gland following
      ethionine administration. A contribution on the etiology of dystrophic metabolic
      sialadenosis].

PMID- 1217139
TI  - [Proceedings: Concentration-related effect of phytohormones on animal cell
      proliferation in vitro].

PMID- 1217140
TI  - [Patho-anatomical findings in congenital combined immunologic deficiency].

PMID- 1217141
TI  - [Morphogenesis of the clover-leaf skull syndrome].

PMID- 1217142
TI  - [Proceedings: Congenital alveolar lung dysplasia].

PMID- 1217143
TI  - [Transformation of the breast during life].

PMID- 1217144
TI  - [Chronic periulcerative gastritis].

PMID- 1217145
TI  - [Problem of relative insufficiency of the mitral and tricuspid valves].

PMID- 1217146
TI  - [Transmission and scanning electron microscopy studies of a specific burn toxin
      and its effect on the mouse liver following sublethal burns].

PMID- 1217147
TI  - [Proceedings: Morphological studies on the pancreas of uremic rats].

PMID- 1217148
TI  - [Proceedings: Effect of ethyl alcohol on the rat liver damaged by thioacetamide].

PMID- 1217149
TI  - [Morphological, roentgenological and electrocardiographic studies on the
      significance of the lymphatic system in dog hearts].

PMID- 1217150
TI  - [Myocardial DNA and cell count following isoproterenol-induced myocardial
      necrosis in the rat].

PMID- 1217151
TI  - [Proceedings: Pathogenesis of immobilization osteoporosis (morphologic studies)].

PMID- 1217152
TI  - [An example on the use of electronic data processing in biopsy pathology].

PMID- 1217153
TI  - [The biological significance of the deposition of lipid pigments (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217154
TI  - [Senescence in cell renewal systems (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217155
TI  - [Cell proliferation kinetics in parenchymatous organs of the rat as a function of
      age (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217156
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative decline in the proliferation of connective tissue
      cells in the old age (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217157
TI  - [Level of individual components of the kinin system in Quincke's edema and acute
      and chronic urticaria].

PMID- 1217158
TI  - [Study of the effect of certain natural and synthetic detergents on skin
      capillary permeability in guinea pigs].

PMID- 1217159
TI  - [Enzymatic activity of leukocytes in lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1217160
TI  - [Isolation of Australia antigen in patients with leprosy].

PMID- 1217161
TI  - [Incidence of allergic dermatoses among the rural population of the Lithuanian
      SSR].

PMID- 1217162
TI  - [Materials on clinical and experimental study of certain aerosols].

PMID- 1217164
TI  - [Focal epithelial hyperplasia].

PMID- 1217163
TI  - [Problem of verrucous psoriasis].

PMID- 1217165
TI  - [Basalioma of the scalp with destruction of bones of the cranial vault and growth
      into dura mater].

PMID- 1217166
TI  - [Clinical course, prevention and treatment of phytodermatitis developed after
      contact with Cladophora].

PMID- 1217167
TI  - [Treatment of skin tuberculosis with HINA preparations under ambulatory
      conditions].

PMID- 1217168
TI  - [Metabolism of certain biologically active substances in patients with diffuse
      dermatoses].

PMID- 1217169
TI  - [Results of the use of kanamycin for treatment of newly-contracted uncomplicated
      gonorrhea in men].

PMID- 1217170
TI  - [The relationship between differences between the character of skeletal muscle
      development during ontogenesis and the development and transformation of several
      endocrine gland functions].

PMID- 1217171
TI  - [The relationship between organ mass and the intensity of tissue respiration in
      rodents].

PMID- 1217172
TI  - [An endogenous component in the daily mitotic rhythm of the lenticular epithelium
      of Rana temporaria L].

PMID- 1217173
TI  - [The interrelationship between triplet content and the molecular weight of the
      coded amino acids].

PMID- 1217174
TI  - [The role of motor innervation in establishing muscle fiber membrane properties
      during early ontogenesis].

PMID- 1217175
TI  - [The role of the intestines in the accumulation or formation of normal antibodies
      in the early stages of individual mammalian development].

PMID- 1217176
TI  - [Morphologic and biochemical changes in the blood of cows chronically exposed to
      strontium-90].

PMID- 1217177
TI  - [Demography and medicine in Switzerland: medical manpower and project "DEMOMED"].
AB  - The situation as regards medical manpower in Switzerland in 1975 is characterized
      by high enrollment in the medical schools and a doubling time for the number of
      physicians in practice of approximately twenty years. A federal commission
      concerned with problems related to medical studies (CEPREM) conducted a study
      aiming at defining an optimum figure for intake of students into the medical
      schools. A survey of the international literature and a statistical study of
      availability of physician services region by region in Switzerland were
      conducted. The results show that it is impossible to define with precision an
      optimum "medical density" for Switzerland. The system of health and the functions
      of its various professions are not defined, and powers of decision in this field
      are not uniformly attributed. In the national survey, the most striking feature
      was disparity between various regions as regards access to medical or paramedical
      services. This disparity is parallel to state of economical development, and
      unlikely to be corrected even by an excess of overall medical manpower. Four
      hypotheses are presented on the consequences of increase, decrease, or stable
      enrolment in the medical schools. We conclude that there is no technical basis
      for defining an optimal medical density, but that it would be reasonable to
      decrease the number of second-year students by a factor of the order of 25% on
      the basis of a political decision.

PMID- 1217178
TI  - [Prevention and risk factors of coronary disease in the Canton of Zurich].
AB  - An intervention study is being carried out in relation to the prevention of
      diseases caused by atherosclerosis, especially coronary heart disease. The
      purpose of the study is to test in one community whether an intensive health
      education program, including the media (newspapers, radio and educational
      materials) as well as more individual instruction (lecture, group discussions,
      courses, exhibitions, collaboration with organizations) can modify risk factors
      in the population through favorable changes in the mode of life. Another
      community without any programs serves as a control. Questionnaires are being sent
      and screening examinations are being carried out in random samples of both
      populations before and at the end of the educational campaign in order to
      evaluate its effect. The plan and methods of the study are being described and
      the distribution of risk factors, based on the first round of examinations, is
      presented. A second round of examinations is due after a 12 months interval.

PMID- 1217179
TI  - [Mortality and incidence of malignant tumors in the Canton of Zurich].
AB  - Cancer mortality data of Switzerland and of the Canton of Zurich are being
      compared for the years 1969-1972. The pattern of distribution of the five most
      frequent cancer sites in Zurich compared to Switzerland shows a clear trend
      towards the American situation: increase of cancer of the colon, pancreas and
      lung, decrease of cancer of the stomach and esophagus. Incidence data of the
      first year of registration of the Zurich Tumor Registry are being discussed.

PMID- 1217180
TI  - [Cancer of the stomach and pancreas in Geneva].

PMID- 1217181
TI  - [Computer estimates of the cost for restorative dental treat].
AB  - The costs for a complet functional restoration of the dentition and the
      parodontium (orthodontics not included) in a sample of 1392 adolescents aged 16
      20 (Geneva, 1970-1972) have been estimated on the basis of an approved scale of
      fees (1). These costs are analyzed with respect to age, sex, occupation and socio
      professional status of the parents.

PMID- 1217182
TI  - [The extent of the relationship of dental care and dental status to social
      class].
AB  - Interviews and dental inspection were conducted ina random sample of 300 adults
      from a city and the surrounding rural districts. Having a family dentist who had
      been seen during the two years preceding the interview, was ten times less common
      in the lowest of three social classes than in the higher. None or only one daily
      toothbrushing is reported five times more frequently in the lowest social class
      than in the upper class, and complete dentures are five times more frequent in
      the lowest class. On the other hand, partial dentures are found twice as
      frequently in the upper class than in the middle or lower classes, indicating
      more differentiated services by the dentists.

PMID- 1217183
TI  - [Medical aspects of the prevention of occupational diseases].
AB  - Important tasks of the physician in the field of occupational health are-setting
      of threshold-limit-values (TLV) as a base for technical and medical measures
      planning and carry-out of medical examinations (medical prophylaxis) at the
      beginning and during work for the purpose of selection and survey.

PMID- 1217184
TI  - [Medical prevention of occupational deafness caused by noise (audiomobile program
      SUVA)].

PMID- 1217185
TI  - [Ergonomic analysis of heavy work carried out by female workers in the textile
      industry].
AB  - Work and recovery pulse were measured with 22 female workers doing heavy work.
      The proposed limit of capacity under continuous operating conditions of 25 work
      pulses was surpassed by 10 of the 22 workers. Recovery pulse made it possible to
      detect illness in two cases and correlates significantly with the total duration
      of relaxing operation. Similar results could not be obtained with work pulse. As
      the recovery pulse is quickly and easily measurable, it was in the frame of this
      study a more interesting value than the work pulse.

PMID- 1217187
TI  - [Noise emission in dwellings].
AB  - A social survey in 800 dwellings showed - among other results - the relation
      between the intensity of traffic noise and the annoyance due to this exposure.

PMID- 1217186
TI  - [Air pollution caused by cigarette smoke].
AB  - In a climatized room of 30 M3 various gas-phase components of the side-stress
      smoke of cigarettes were quantitatively determined. In these experiments,
      acroleine, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and nitric oxide reached relatively high
      values.

PMID- 1217188
TI  - [The effect of a monotonous repetitive task on flicker fusion and subjective
      feelings].
AB  - The effects of a uniform repetitive and of an activating task on critical flicker
      fusion (cff) and subjective feelings were measured on 15 subjects under
      laboratory conditions. With the uniform repetitive task the cff decreased
      significantly and the subjective feelings showed marked changes. With the
      activating task we could determine changes neither for cff nor for subjective
      feelings (except factor "subjective recovery").

PMID- 1217189
TI  - [The effect of low carbon monoxide concentrations on humans].
AB  - The effects of a 3 h exposition to 150 ppm CO on the flicker fusion frequency and
      the subjective assessment of 20 subjects have been investigated under two
      different experimental conditions (monotonous and activating). In the monotonous
      situation the exposition to CO has induced a relative "activation" of the
      subjective feelings.

PMID- 1217190
TI  - [Preventive health examinations of kindergarten children in Basel].
AB  - A survey of preventive examination in 4.820 kindergarten children (4-5 years old)
      in Basle is presented. The results of screening have been grouped according to
      different criteria. Special attention is paid to the importance of minimal brain
      damage in early childhood. Out of 73 cases of minimal brain damage in 31 cases
      the diagnosis revealed was previously unknown. The number of children with a
      visual deficiency is high. In 535 children the visual defect was detected by this
      examination; 9 children have an ear deficiency caused by prenatal damage; 79
      children with speech impediment needed logopedical treatment. Other diagnosis are
      discussed briefly.

PMID- 1217191
TI  - [A comparison of 10 overweight adolescents with normal weight matched controls].
AB  - Ten obese young people as well as ten matched controls with normal body weight
      have been interviewed in respect to development of body weight, eating habits,
      influence of the family, position of the subject in his (her) surroundings and
      his (her) self-assessment. It has been shown that obese subjects are eating more
      and more frequently than subjects with normal body weight. No other differences
      have been detected between the two groups. An important influence of the family
      on eating habits and consequently on body weight was a common feature in all the
      subjects.

PMID- 1217194
TI  - [Social mechanisms of drinking habits in Switzerland].
AB  - In the sociological Section of this interdisciplinery study data are collected on
      the consumption pattern, the social contexts of drinking, the drinking rules, the
      attitudes and behavior toward and the social distance to the alcoholic, on
      popular conceptions of the etiology of alcoholism, social attitudes and on socio
      demographic characteristics. The household survey is representative for the
      French, German and Romanic speaking parts of Switzerland. The psychological
      section is complementary in the sense that it is, on a smaller scale, based on
      the same population. However, it deals with the functions of drinking  at the
      individual level. First results will be available in summer 1975.

PMID- 1217193
TI  - [Stress in school children in Basel and students' behavior as judged by the
      teacher].

PMID- 1217192
TI  - [Children under stress: socioeconomic change and the well-being of school
      children].
AB  - The influence of a changing environment on the well being of children has been
      examined by applying the HOS of Leighton. There is no general connection between
      "Changing Environment" and "Stress Score". But children who are not
      underprivileged socioeconomically show a higher Stress Score in a region with
      faster change.

PMID- 1217195
TI  - [Family factors and alcohol consumption of 14-15-year-old Basel school children].
AB  - In a representative sample of Basle school children a good correlation between
      the alcohol consumption of parents, elder siblings and 14-15 year old
      schoolchildren was confirmed. Neither frequency nor quantity of alcohol
      consumption was dependent on family structure in this age group.

PMID- 1217196
TI  - [Family factors and cigarette smoking in adolescents].
AB  - Results of the Basle-Adolescents Study confirmed an important effect of parent
      smoking and even more of elder sibling smoking on cigarette consumption of
      adolescents. Broken home situation and employment of mother were other important
      determinants the effect of which can, however, be partially explained by a higher
      frequency of smoking mothers.

PMID- 1217197
TI  - [Food habits and cigarette smoking in adolescents].
AB  - Bad eating habits, e.g. no regular breakfast, rarer consumption of fruits and
      milk, are associated with higher frequency of cigarette smoking in adolescence.
      Probably this is due to a common factor most likely to be found in the
      personality of the adolescent and its determinants.

PMID- 1217198
TI  - [Social histories of female abusers of phenacetin-containing analgesics].
AB  - The abuse of analgesics is common in the Swiss population. In a field study
      social und psychological investigations with 600 women ingesting analgesics and
      600 women not taking analgesics are made. In a preliminary interpretation of 80
      interviews the women ingesting analgesics differ only in a few points from the
      control group: 1. In the study group a greater number women has children, however
      on the average a lower number than the control group 2. The children of the women
      ingesting analgesics are more often taken care of outside their own home. 3. As
      an overwhelming event in life the loss of one or both parents was often
      mentioned. 4. Questions asked with regard to depressive symptoms were similar for
      both groups.

PMID- 1217200
TI  - [A study of the personality of adolescent drug users in Switzerland].

PMID- 1217199
TI  - [Trends in urinary analgesic excretion in a cohort observed from 1968 to 1975].
AB  - From 1968 to 1972 and in 1975 (provisional results) urine samples collected on
      three days per year were examined by photometer for N-acetyl-p-aminophenol
      (=NAPAP, main metabolite of phenacetin) and for salicylates in the same
      population. It consists of 1200 women born from 1918 to 1937 whose majority works
      in 80 enterprises of Northwestern Switzerland. In 1968 half of the women showed
      regular intake of phenacetin containing analgesics (=study group) in contrast to
      the other half that did not (=control group). Excretion of salicylates was no
      criterion for grouping. Between 1968 and 1972 the total of women positive for
      NAPAP in urine decreased from 50% to 35%. The decrease concerns almost
      exclusively women positive for NAPAP on one or two days, whereas the number of
      women positive on all three days remained stable. At the same time the total
      number of women positive for salicylates decreased too. Possible reasons for the
      decreasing tendency of analgesics intake are mentioned. The much more frequent
      excretion of salicylates in the study group in contrast to the controls is
      probably due to the intake of combined analgesics. The provisional results of
      1975 are in accordance to those observed previously.

PMID- 1217201
TI  - [Drug abuse and the press].

PMID- 1217202
TI  - [Weal-formation by Utrica Dioica. An intravital reaction? (author's transl)].
AB  - The question concerning the intravital and postmortal mechanism of urticarial
      weal after contact with nettles (urtica dioica) was investigated in corpses,
      animal experiments and voluntary trials. No nettle weals could be induced in
      corpses or postmortally in experiments with albino rats (Witstar Strain). When
      animals were exposed to nettle-stings immediately before decapitation only 2 od
      12 rats developed weals postmortally. However, the diameter of such weals was
      only 30% of that of weals produced intravitally. After Application of a
      tourniquet (180 - 200 mm Hg) to test persons no weals were formed after contact
      with nettles in a period of 10 minutes. As soon as the tourniquet was released
      weal-formation occured in full extent in most test persons. According to the
      authors opinion the occurence of nettle weals (urtica dioica) in corpses is
      therefore considered a local intravital reaction.

PMID- 1217204
TI  - [The liver and the so-called absorption deficiency. A hypothesis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The blood supply of the liver consists of about 25 per cent from the hepatic
      artery and 75 per cent from the portal vein. Therefore, especially in the phase
      of absorption, considerably more alcohol comes from the portal vein into the
      liver than from the hepatic artery. As the alcohol in the liver is always
      partially metabolised, all the alcohol that is absorbed in the gastrointestinal
      tract can never appear in the general and pulmonary circulation. Perhaps this is
      the essential reason for the so-called absorption deficiency.

PMID- 1217203
TI  - Acute toxicity of the combustion products from various kinds of fibers.
AB  - Acute toxicity of the combustion products from various fibers was evaluated in
      animal experiments. The materials used were cotton, gauze, acetate, rayon,
      polyester (PE), polychlal (PC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), silk, wool,
      polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and modacryle (MA). Rats, mice, and rabbits were exposed
      to gases released from these materials, heated with an electric heater. In
      experiments with rabbits animals inhaled gases through a tracheal cannula under
      urethane narcosis. As indices for toxicity, the time at which animals were
      impaired severely, was used in rat experiments while the death time was used in
      experiments with rabbits and mice. The concentrations of O2 and CO in the
      exposure room were determined continously, blood COHb and cyanide values were
      also estimated. Gases from fibers containing nitrogen impaired severely and
      killed the animals earlier than any other materials. Blood analyses revealed the
      presence of high values of cyanide in PAN, MA, and silk experiments. HCN was
      considered to be responsible for the high toxicity of gases from these materials.
      In the case of wool, despite of high toxicity of its combustion products, blood
      cyanide and COHb values were not very high. Gases from cotton, gauze, and rayon
      impaired severely and killed the animals relatively early in the exposure period.
      Toxicity of combution products from these materials was attributable to CO on the
      basis of gas and blood analyses. Acute toxicity of PE and acetate gases, being
      less than that of cotton, gauze, rayon under the present experimental conditions,
      was explained mainly by CO. Neither severe impairment nor death occurred during
      exposure in PC and PVDC experiments.

PMID- 1217205
TI  - [Data on the static and dynamic rigidity of the calvaria (author's transl)].
AB  - Our investigation, carried out on the calvaria of a cadaver, gave us numerical
      values for the scientific cognition of the static and dynamic flexion- elasticity
      of the bones of the calvaria. The investigations were carried out with a DYNSTATT
      type, pendulum-system, flexion-elasticity examining apparatus. On the basis of
      the measured values three value groups could be established and correspondingly,
      well-separable regions on the calvaria. While the dynamic static resistance of
      generally higher value decreases with the progress of the circle, the static
      resistance rises with approximately identical values. The collateral fractures -
      indirect fractures - observed beside the direct fractures of the calvaria develop
      on the parts of the bone around the directly damaged bone region which show
      relatively smaller static and dynamic resistance.

PMID- 1217206
TI  - [The narrow spinal canal - medicolegal aspects (author's transl)].
AB  - The constitutional anomayl of a narrow spinal canal was found in a
      neuroradiological department in 31 cases. The cervical stenosis can be defined in
      the following way: Inside diameter of cervical canal (anterior-posterior) in
      relation to diameter of vertebral body. In normal cases the quotient is over 1 -
      in pathological narrowing under 1. Clinical symptoms mainly appear from 45th year
      onwards, when reactive-degenerative changes increase the space problem. In
      wiplash injuries or other adequate cervical trauma 7 cases were seen and
      described with acute incomplete tetraplegia or/and multilocular lesions of
      cervical roots, resulting from cervical stenosis combined with degenerative
      changes in 6 patients. Myelography revealed multilocular deformities of the
      spinal subarachnoidal space in the abnormal narrow cervical canal. The referred
      cases were not complicated with forensic aspects. The prognosis quod sanationem
      was poor. A chronic cervical myelopathy results. Pretraumatic clinical
      alterations of cervical roots and/or the myelon in the referred cases were
      absent, existing in other patients. Predominantly men and hard working people
      with narrow cervical canal became ill. Early symptoms were pain in extremities.
      Dysesthesia and loss of sensation combined with signs of pyramidal lesion occured
      later. Defects in nerve roots sometimes overlayed the myelon symptoms. Unspecific
      CSF-Alterations were common. The EMG showed abnormalities in cases of root
      involvement. Operative treatment was tried to remove the reactive processes, but
      could not alter the constitutional anomaly. The resulting immobilisation of
      myelon and nerve roots involves in the case of trauma a direct mechanical lesion
      and secondary vascular complications via Arteria vertebralis, spinalis anterior
      and radicularis, namely in patients with degenerative alterations of the cervical
      spine, these including a further narrowing behind the constitutional anomaly. Our
      experience seems to recommend that more attention should be paid a cervical
      narrow spinal canal in medicolegal implications.

PMID- 1217207
TI  - [Cerebral ischemia or post traumatic thrombosis of the A. carotis occuring to a
      car driver (author's transl)].
AB  - A short while after leaving a public-house a 71 year old man as the driver of his
      car was involved in a head-on collision with another car. On admission to a
      hospital he was unconscious with a distinct debility for the left side of his
      body and showed a changing anisocoria. Angiography of the right carotid artery
      revealed an occlusion. It was suspected that this was the terminal state of a
      generalized arteriosclerotic occlusion which was considered being the reason for
      the accident. The autopsy-findings showed, however, a posttraumatic thrombosis
      (whiplash-trauma of the cervical vertebral column) of the right arteria carotis
      and of the right arteria vertebralis with thromboembolia in a small pontine
      artery with an infarct-like ischemic softening. The differentiation from an
      apoplexia is of importance for the differential diagnosis.

PMID- 1217208
TI  - [The use of combined spectroscopy in analytical toxicology (author's transl)].
AB  - The combined application of the four spectrometric techniques UV, IR, NMR and MS
      is an important analytical tool for the identification of the increasing number
      of potential poisons with which the analysts in the fields of forensic sciences
      and toxicology are confronted. Some of the contributions of these techniques to
      toxicological analyses are reviewed and illustrated by a few examples.
      Furthermore, the incorporation of the four methods into the analytical scheme,
      the requirements with respect to quantity and purity of the unkown substances, as
      well as the different possibilities for the combination of separation and
      identification techniques are outlined.

PMID- 1217209
TI  - [About the effect of alcohol and tiredness on the activity of tendon reflexes
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to estimate the combined effect of ethanol and fatigue on the activity
      of tendon reflexes, the mechanical threshhold and the latency of the patellar
      tendon, the radial and the biceps reflexes as well as the time of contraction of
      the musculus quadriceps femoris was investigated in men, with an ethanol level in
      blood at 80 mg % during elimination-period, and with tired subjects meaning that
      they hade done their usual daywork and had been awake for about 20 to 22 hours.
      The group, consisting of 21 male students, was then investigated under both these
      conditions. The patellar reflex was elicited by a specially constructed
      reflexhammer, by which the mechanical power could by measured exactly, from the
      angle of the position the hammer was released from and its known weight. The
      latency and the muscular contraction time were registered with electrodes on the
      skin by an oscillograph. The mechanical threshhold of the patellar, biceps and
      radial reflexes and the latency of there reflexes were significantly and equally
      impaired by ethanol as well as by fatigue. The combination of both these factors
      resulted in an almost exactly additional effect. The contractiontime of the m.
      quadriceps was prolonged more by fatigue than by ethanol. Comparing these results
      with fromer findings, a depressing effect of the formatio  reticularis of the
      brainstem on the activity of the spinal motorcells is to be discussed. This
      impairment of neuro-muscular coordination and activity obviously is dangerous for
      drivers. It should especially be noted, that the effect of a wake period of 20 to
      22 hours can be compared with that of a bloodlevel of 80 mg % ethanol as to the
      impairment of the tendon reflexes.

PMID- 1217210
TI  - [Unidentified dead bodies: identification by means of an information-pool from
      dental data. Practical suggestions for a reformation of the collection and
      assessment of data of the masticatory system and their documentation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The masticatory system has often proved very useful for the identification of
      unkown bodies. The technique of excising the mandible and the maxilla is
      explained. The evaluation and the preparation of models are described. For
      registration of the findings a new form has been developed. It is based on the
      old form "KP 16" as well as on the PA status.

PMID- 1217211
TI  - [Excerpts from the expert opinion about the content of the publication HEIDE,
      PETERSEN, BRINKMANN: "Forensic value of quantitative studies of erythrocyte acid
      phosphatase and GPT blood components in the clarification of disputed parentage."
      (Published 1974 in this journal)].

PMID- 1217212
TI  - [Supplement to the expert opinion about the value of quantitative studies of the
      isoenzymes erythrocyte acid phosphatase and GPT].

PMID- 1217213
TI  - [Reply to Ritter's critique of the study "Foresenic value of quantitative studies
      of the isoenzymes erythrocyte acid phosphatase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
      (GPT) in the clarification of disputed parentage" as well as a discussion of the
      expert opinion].

PMID- 1217214
TI  - [A case of goodpasture-syndrome in legal medical practice (author's transl)].
AB  - Goodpasture's syndrome (GS) is a very rare diagnosis in forensic post-mortem
      examinations. This casereport shows, that GS should always be considered as cause
      of sudden natural death of young adults, if merely unusual disseminated pulmonary
      hemorrhages represent the essential findings at autopsy. The final diagnosis of
      GS is made by microscopic evidence of additional diffuse hemosiderosis of the
      lungs and proliferative glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1217215
TI  - [The witness in German criminal case (a contribution from the legal,
      psychological and psychiatrical view) (author's transl)].
AB  - The judgement of adult witnesses in particular cases, as sufficiently made clear
      by the described special case, is at least as necessary as a specialist's opinion
      of child testimony. Furthermore, it should be noted that the present modus of
      criminal proceedings does not allow for adequate objectivation possibilities of
      testimony of witnesses. Thirdly, it should be pointed out that at least for the
      so-called key witnesses a specialist's examination, i.e. by a psychiater and a
      psychologist is of great importance; it seems at least necessary that in
      problematic cases the specialist or the court should have the possibility to
      interrogate the witness to the exclusion of the public. It also seems of utmost
      importance to extend the judge's knowledge in the field relevant to the subject
      during his university education and also during his further professional
      instruction in order to enable him to identify problematical cases in time and
      decide on calling upon an adequate specialist.

PMID- 1217216
TI  - [The influence of cleaning agents to the result of abo blood-group determination
      by the agglutinin-binding test (holzer) at blood stain on articles of clothing
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The blood-group determination in the ABO-system during blood stain testing on
      articles of clothing is very often affected by various factors. In this research
      project blood-traces were tested on many different textiles and after treatment
      of these textiles with some usual washing and cleaning agents by the Agglutinin
      binding-test (HOLZER).

PMID- 1217217
TI  - [Systematic approach for investigating basic drugs by paper- and thin-layer
      chromatography (author's transl)].
AB  - The systematic approach described for investigating basic (pharmaceutical) drugs
      with the aid of paper and thin-layer chromatography relies on the principle that
      the positions of the spots created by a certain substance on various
      chromatograms in relation to 5 to 7 test substances and developed together with
      the sample are indicated by a digit code. With a pre-determined sequence of
      application of the solvents, code numbers are formed by writing down these digits
      (supplemented by indices), which are characteristic of the components of the
      mixture. The code numbers are in all cases clearly distinctive even in the case
      of a large number of different substances (e.g. 300) if the number of
      appropriately chosen developing solutions is increased to 6. Evaluation of the
      code numbers can be carried out with tables or with the aid of punch cards.

PMID- 1217218
TI  - [Quantitative investigation of the amino acid levels in putrefying liver
      (author's transl)].
AB  - To elucidate the post-mortem proteolysis we investigated the behaviour of the
      free amino acids in rotting liver homogenates by means of two-dimensional thin
      layer chromatography and reflection densitometry. The post-mortem alterations of
      the amino acid levels are characterized mostly by a two-phase increase with
      maxima at the end of the first and after the third week. A few amino acids showed
      only little changes hardly above the physiological intra-cellular levels.
      Anaerobic rat experiments and experiences with antibiotic treatment give rise to
      the supposition that increasing amino acid concentrations indicate a predominance
      of proteolytic activities over aminoacid catabolism. In the beginning autoenzymes
      are prevalent, while afterwards bacterial proteases probably predominate. The
      transient regression about the second and thrid week is interpreted as the effect
      of a temporarily intensified amino acid degradation by foreign enzymes (maximal
      bacterial growth).

PMID- 1217220
TI  - [Larynx lesions and sudden death (author's transl)].
AB  - Several recently observed cases of "Sudden Death" caused by larynx lesions give
      reason for a special discussion of this problem. At the Institute of Legal
      Medicine only six cases were found in 10.747 autopsies between 1949 and 1970. A
      brief description of the anatomical structure of the larynx is followed by a
      discussion of the 4 general pathological entities, which might be the etiological
      cause of laryngeal obstruction: 1. Abnormalities 2. Disturbances of circulation
      3. Inflammations 4. Tumors Besides the question of the forensic-medical
      importance of such fatal cases, the difficulty of evaluating some of the patho
      morphologic and histologic findings is discussed. Simultaneously attention is
      drawn to the frequent lack of a clinical history, so that life-supporting
      measures wuch as tracheotomy and others are applied very late or not at all.
      Finally the problem of forensic evaluation of larynx-cysts and their etiology is
      presented. In this context the clarification of a causal relationship with
      possible previous intubations of the larynx is of major importance.

PMID- 1217219
TI  - [Survival time, capacity of action and radiological diagnosis after gunshot
      wounds of the cranium (author's transl)].
AB  - Three cases of suicidal temporal gunshots. Different circumstances in the
      clinical course and in the ability of action.--In one case there was a bullet
      tract in the lower temporal region with considerable destruction of the base of
      the skull, followed by immediate inability of action and early death. Another
      case with a transtemporal gunshot without radiological signs of a laceration of
      the base of skull showed severe disturbance of cerebral functions for some days
      and remaining blindness. In the third case there was a pistol shot in the
      temporal region with retained missile, full ability of acting and undisturbed
      consciousness. Causative for the differences in the effect of the gunshots are
      differences of weapons and amunition and the anatomical position of the wound
      track in the temporal region. Discussion about the role of concussion of the
      brain by different rate of transgression of energy from the missile to the skull.
      Reference to the importance of X-ray analysis and to a radiographic documentation
      of the findings in such cases.

PMID- 1217221
TI  - [Morphological findings in Zieve's syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - The macroscopic and microscopic findings of a case of Zieve's syndrome are
      described (fatty liver, icterus, hyperlipemia and hemolytic anemia in chronic
      alcoholism). The outstanding macroscopic finding is milky turbidity of the blood
      in arterial and venous vascular channels as well as hepatomegaly and anaemia of
      internal organs. A prominent feature of the histological picture is the high
      grade lipaemia of the large and small vessels (arteries and veins), capillary
      occlusions resembling fat embolism in all organs and severe diffuse fatty
      metamorphosis of the liver. Circulatory disorders and the cause of death are
      discussed.

PMID- 1217222
TI  - [The effect of steam in the coke quenching process].

PMID- 1217223
TI  - [The protection of nonsmokers at work. Work place regulations and reform of child
      labor laws].

PMID- 1217224
TI  - [General and specific health hazards of welding].

PMID- 1217225
TI  - [The determination of formaldehyde concentrations at the work site during the
      production of chip boards].

PMID- 1217226
TI  - [Occupational health care of alcoholics and addicts in the BASF].

PMID- 1217227
TI  - [Mobile scaffolds permit working at heights].

PMID- 1217228
TI  - [Prevention of brain edema and dehydrating therapy in acute brain injury].

PMID- 1217229
TI  - [Primary prosthesis in aged patients with a femoral neck fracture].

PMID- 1217230
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the trochanter region with the trochanter nail].

PMID- 1217231
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment of ruptured long biceps tendons].

PMID- 1217232
TI  - [Coagulation physiological and immunological possibilities and perspectives for
      the prophylaxis of postoperative wound healing disorders and infections].

PMID- 1217234
TI  - [Considerations on the ethical justification of hemicorporectomy].

PMID- 1217233
TI  - [Acquired factor XIII deficiency and postoperative aseptic wound healing
      disorders].

PMID- 1217235
TI  - [Jost-Redon's technic of suction drainage].

PMID- 1217236
TI  - [Intraoperative location of gall stones in the ductus choledochus by means of
      ultrasonics].

PMID- 1217237
TI  - [Biological validity, cytodiagnosis, and therapy of cervix dysplasia].
AB  - Certain forms of dysplasia are biologically equal to carcinoma in situ and should
      be treated alike. The persistance of the state during the permanent cytologic
      control is to be regarded as criterion for the treatment of middle and even the
      slight dysplasia. Slides of cells indicating a dysplasia are therefore placed in
      a cytologic risk-group III D. If the restoration of the cytologic state cannot be
      observed within 12 months, the conisation as carcinoma prophylaxis of slight and
      middle forms of dysplasia should be performed.

PMID- 1217238
TI  - [Brenner tumors].
AB  - It will be reported about 33 cases of Brenner-tumors, observed between 1932 to
      1974. Symptomatic, therapy, progress, morphology of these tumors as well as their
      coincidence with other pathological changes on genitals will be demonstrated. A
      short casuistic description of 3 cases with proliferating and 1 case of malignant
      Brenner-tumor will be given. In the discussion, it will be informed about the
      frequency, age, diagnostic and prognostic problems of proliferating and malignant
      tumors. The problem of hormonal activity of some of Brenner-tumors and finally
      the modern views over histogenesis will be considered and discussed.

PMID- 1217239
TI  - [Therapy of ovarian stage-Ia carcinoma (review of 103 cases)].
AB  - 103 cases of carcinoma of the ovary stage IA are presented, which have been
      operated upon at our clinic from 1944 to 1970. The 5 year cure rate of the 94
      cases which had been treated until 1967 was 67%. 10 of the eleven patients who
      had been operated upon by preserving the opposite ovary -- in 4 cases additional
      radiotherapy was given -- were free of carcinoma after 5 years. When radical
      operation was performed (bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without removal
      of the uterus) the 5 year cure rate was 55%, with additional postoperative
      radiation 70%. This difference is not statistically significant. -- The therapy
      of choice of cancer of the ovary stage IA should be bilateral salpingo
      oophorectomy and total hysterectomy with additional radiotherapy. -- Instead it
      may be justified in some cases to preserve the opposite ovary.

PMID- 1217240
TI  - [Use of the depot estrogen ethinylestradiol sulfate in the therapy of menopausal
      syndrome].
AB  - Ethinylestradiol sulfonate is a newly developed orally effective derivate of
      ethinylestradiol with depot properties produced by "Jenapharm"-GDR. This depot
      estrogen has been proved for its usefullness in treating menopausal syndrom. A
      modified Kupperman-index had been used to check the therapeutic results. The
      effects concerning the endometrium were examined in postmenopausal women that
      atrophic character of endometrium had been ensured before. Ethinylestradiol
      sulfonate was applicated in the following dosages: 0,015 mg/day; 0,25 mg/week;
      0,5 mg/week; 1,0 mg/week; 3 mg/month. The treatment with 0,25 mg/week over a
      period of 4 up to 6 weeks proved to be possible and effective if we take into
      account the endometrial reaction and the danger of bleeding. After the removal of
      the uterus higher dosages can be given. Up to a dose of 1 mg/week there were not
      to be seen subjective side effects. Ethinylestradiol sulfonate was compared with
      other oral estrogens.

PMID- 1217241
TI  - [Placental changes in diabetes mellitus with special reference to villi
      maturation disorders. (Morphological findings and severity of the disease)].
AB  - The placentas of 30 cases of diabetes mellitus were examined. The degree of
      severity of the disease was classified according to the schema of White. Related
      to the gestation period different degrees of severity of diabetes mellitus
      revealed nearly the same weight of the placentas. Similar relations were found
      referred to the height of the placenta-child-index. Implantation lesions occured
      in 56, 7% of all cases, most of these in cases with strong diabetes mellitus. The
      greater number of lesions were insertion anomalies of the cord. All placentas
      showed disturbed circulation by dominance of disturbed blood supply. A relation
      to the degree of the severity of the disease wasn't provable. Very often we found
      villi necrosis and proliferations of the syncytiotrophoblast. Also we could see
      alterations of the villi vessels and a compensatory angiomatosis. 83,3% of
      diabetes cases showed disturbed maturation of the villi; the grade of these
      changes could not be referred to the degree of severity of this disease; it was
      merely a ramification block. The authors point out that in diabetes mellitus the
      degree of danger to the pregnancy does not depend on the severity of the maternal
      disease. It is always necessary to have a sufficient metabolic condition.

PMID- 1217242
TI  - [Experience with cephalometry in the determination of labor in diabetic pregnant
      women].
AB  - Foetal biparietal diameter was measured with ultrasound techniques in 35 diabetic
      pregnant mothers. 203 measurements were compared to 589 dates values which were
      obtained in 100 normal pregnant women. There were no differences in the mean
      values of biparietal diameter and the weekly growth rates in comparison to non
      diabetic values. It was concluded at thin diabetic pregnancies in spite of the
      frequent occurrence of the macrosomie, the ultrasonic diagnostic approach is a
      suitable method for estimating of the foetal maturity.

PMID- 1217243
TI  - [Pregnancy of diabetic women with diabetic angiopathy. Clinical results in
      correlation of morphological findings on the placenta].
AB  - In comparison with morphological changes of the placentae 58 pregnancies of class
      D and F-diabetics (with diabetic angiolopathy) were analysed. The incidence of
      toxaemia was 55%. Insulin requirement decreased some days before delivery in 8
      cases (14%). The perinatal mortality rate amounted to 17%. Birth weights were
      found between 2500 and 3000 g in 9 cases, below 2500 g in 8 cases with signs of
      intrauterine growth retardation. The majority of placentae showed medium-sized to
      severe diabetic disturbances of maturation on an average more severe than in
      diabetics without angiolopathy. A "modification" or "mascing" of maturation
      disturbances by severe toxaemia is discussed. The antenatal retardation of fetal
      growth in some cases was attributed in part to the diabetic maturation
      disturbances of the placentae. Another cause may be the defective uteroplacental
      circulation caused by narrowing processes of myometrial and decidual arteries in
      consequence of long-term diabetes and hypertension.

PMID- 1217244
TI  - [5TH East German Gynecological Congress in Magdeburg, 1974].

PMID- 1217245
TI  - [Status of possibilities in the transplantation of female genitalia].
AB  - It is given a short report about the principles of the transplantation immunity
      and the mechanism of the organ transplant rejection. The possibilities to inhibit
      the transplant rejection (donor-host-selection, antigenicity of the transplant,
      unspecific and specific immunosuppression: immune tolerance, enhancement) are
      explained in detail. Finally the present status and the futuric possibilities to
      transplant the female genitale organs are estimated.

PMID- 1217246
TI  - [Thrombotic complications due to oral contraceptives].
AB  - Cases reported here as well as the literary date tell attention to the vascular
      complications following contraceptive therapy. Shift of clotting-fibrinolysis
      system towards hypercoagulobolity is remarkable because of its role as a risk
      factor. If contraceptive therapy is accompanied by a condition or a disease
      altering clotting factors, vessel walls or circulation so that it presents an
      enhanced thrombosis capacity the risk may increase. In such cases indication of
      oral contraceptive therapy should be considered cautiously and the patients
      should be controlled with more intention.

PMID- 1217247
TI  - [Significance of precise cytodiagnosis in the indication for diagnostic
      conisation].
AB  - Since 1. 3. 1972 cytologic laboratory exists at the Medical Center Wismar, Dept.
      of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Correlation between positive smears and histologic
      results was registered in 96% (1972 to 1973). In the time before (1969 to 1971)
      the correlation was only 41% caused by inexperienced investigators. Diagnostic
      conizations were frequent not indicated. Cytologic examinations are claimed to be
      carried out by special laboratories only.

PMID- 1217248
TI  - [Histological studies and pathogenesis of polycystic ovaries].
AB  - 58 ovarian wedge resections of 34 patients with the clinical diagnosis "Stein
      Leventhal-syndrome" were histologically examined in comparison to 23 ovaries or
      parts of ovaries of 16 patients with regular ovarian cyclus. There was found no
      important difference in these two groups apart from a hyperplasia of the tunica
      albuginea and the absence of corpora lutea. According to our investigations, and
      regarding well known facts, it must be concluded that the polycystis ovaries are
      nothing else than the result of a disturbance of cyclic gonadotropin secretion,
      and thus an expression of anovulation with sufficient ovaries.

PMID- 1217249
TI  - [Therapy of adnexa inflammation].
AB  - To women with chronic inflammatory diseases of uterus adnexes is applied
      intrauterine electrophoresis and intrauterine hydrotubation with streptomycin (1
      gram) and hyaluronidase ferment (400--600 U. Hylaze "Dessau") and experimental
      studies are carried out. The new method for application of the antibiotic in
      inner genitals tissue, i.e., intrauterine Electrophoresis with streptomycin finds
      application in treatment practice under the observation of the relevant
      indications and conditions.

PMID- 1217250
TI  - [Female genital actinomycosis].
AB  - A case of primary endogenous genitalactinomycosis with an IUD in situ is
      reported. 200 cases of actinomycosis of the female genital organs have so far
      been reported in literature. The mode of infection are discussed. In this case
      the ascension from the vagina and uterus are most probable. The treatement
      completely cured the patient.

PMID- 1217251
TI  - [Case report on a fetus papyraceus].
AB  - A report on a fetus papyraceus, who was born with the placenta after birth of a
      normal baby.

PMID- 1217252
TI  - [Partial hydatidiform mole with a full-term infant. (Case report)].
AB  - After short survey about the coexistence of partial or total hydatidiform mole
      and pregnancy will be demonstrated an own case. The high possibilities of
      compensations of the placenta in case of living fetus and hydatidiform mole were
      mentioned and the rarity shown.

PMID- 1217253
TI  - [Obstetric complications in the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome].
AB  - After discussing the so-called Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in connection with
      pregnancy and birth, we report on a complication, turning out deadly for mother
      and child. Futheron, we discuss the appropriate control of pregnancy and birth.

PMID- 1217254
TI  - [Cardiotokography, obstetrical decission, and perinatological results].
AB  - For clinical use we divide the cardiotocographic parameters in 4 groups with the
      following percentages for antenatal or intranatal period. Normal criterias
      (antenatal: 80%; intranatal: 40%) Warn symptoms (antenatal: 5%; intranatal: 10%)
      Umbilico-placental circulatory disturbances (antenatal: 6%; intranatal: 45%)
      Signs of hypoxia (antenatal: 9%; intranatal: 5%). Variable decelerations are
      typically for disturbances in the umbilico-placental circulation. The clinical
      reasons are as well cord compressions as uterine hyperactivity or supine
      hypotensive syndrom. A prospective management of labor is possible only by means
      of CTG. The fetal death during labor is avoidable. The number of fetal micro
      blood-samplings was reduced (in our hospital 10%) and the feto-maternal
      relationship was included. The operative frequency is the result of objective
      obstetrical decisions. We have before and after introduction of fetal monitoring
      a constant frequency of caesarean sectio of about 3%. A rise in operative
      frequency simultaneously with the beginning of fetal monitoring is due by a high
      operative activity in cases of umbilico-placental circulatory disturbances. The
      rate of neurological findings in newborn infants can be decreased. This result is
      not valid in preterm or small for date infants.

PMID- 1217255
TI  - [Cardiotokography, obstetrical decision and perinatological results. Discussion].

PMID- 1217256
TI  - [Heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (HSAP) and fetal maturity].
AB  - In 154 cases of pregnancies 170 sera were examined with respect to the level of
      heat-stable alkaline phosphatase. The correlation between the level of HSAP and
      foetal maturity was investigated. By reason of their results the authors find the
      measurement of HSAP an effective additional method to establish foetal maturity.

PMID- 1217257
TI  - [Comparative studies on 2 radioimmunoassay technics for the rapid determination
      of human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) in normal early pregnancies].
AB  - To measure HCS concentrations in serum in early pregnancies, 2 commercially
      available kits (Pharmacia, Frankfurt, and Amersham-Buchler, Braunschweig) were
      used. When comparing them, we found that they were nearly of the same quality and
      equally suited for the measurement of HCS in early pregnancy. We ourselves should
      prefer to use the Amersham-Buchler kit, because it uses 2 standard curves,
      covering 2 ranges and thus avoiding to tilute the patients' sera, which decreases
      the possible pipetting errors and increases the accuracy of the determinations.

PMID- 1217258
TI  - [Immunochemical demonstration of soluble antigens in the protein fractions of
      placental tissue].
AB  - Protein fractions were prepared from placental tissue by homogenization, ammonium
      sulfate fractionation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The
      antigens detected in these fractions by absorbed antisera against placental
      tissue and pregnancy serum partly occur in the pregnancy and fetal serum too. The
      other antigens, which are found neither in pregnancy serum nor in fetal serum,
      could be specific for placental tissue. Their possible significance is discussed.

PMID- 1217259
TI  - [Morphology of the materno-fetal metabolic barrier in the human placenta].
AB  - On chorionic villi of normal human placentas obtained from different aged females
      morphological studies were made with a view to collecting new data on the
      molecular structure and material composition of the materno-fetal metabolism
      barrier. The basement membrane of the chorionic epithelium is characterized by a
      network of fine collagen filaments arranged parallel to the plane of the membrane
      and having diameters less than 200 A. Lying between the filament proteins are
      lipid molecules in the form of bimolecular lamellae, which with their
      longitudinal axes are oriented approximately vertical to the plane of the
      membrane and whose thickness is about 40 A. There are many bimolecular lipid
      layers. In addition, noncollagenic proteins and uronic-acid-free polysaccharides
      were also found in the epithelial basement membranes. The submicroscopic
      organization of the endothelial basement membrane of fetal capillaries is
      different from that of the epithelial basement membrane of chorionic villi.
      Whereas lipid components disposed vertically to the plane of the membrane and
      parallelly oriented protein filaments are also present, collagen seems to be
      nonexistent as is evident from polarization-optical results. Running parallel to
      the surface of villi and in the apical sections of the plasmodium are protein
      filaments which are arranged in the form of a network and probably have certain
      mechanical functions. The structure of the outer membrane is similar to that of
      the basement membranes because of the presence there in of oriented lipid
      inclusions. In the region of microvilli and in the outer zone of the
      plasmoditrophoblast of young placenta there has been found N-acetyl neuraminic
      acid. The so-called "placental fibrinoid" in the intervillous space is
      exclusively composed of fibrin. There are no additions of collagen to be found.
      Therefore, it appears unjustified to use the term "fibrinoid".
      Glycosaminoglycanes are present in the stroma of villi, and they are oriented in
      the direction of disposition of collagenous fibers. Their content in the stroma
      of villi decreases with the progress of gravidity. They are also involved in
      displacental material transport, although the degree of involvement decreases
      with the progress of gravidity. Functionally, they show what has been called a
      "molecular screening effect". The lipid-protein system of the epithelial basement
      membrane-together with the endothelial basement membrane of fetal vessels in the
      second half of gravidity-is the principal barrier to the passive passage there
      through of substances.

PMID- 1217260
TI  - [Progesterone and pregnandiol levels in the pripheral blood and urinary
      pregnandiol level in pregnant women before and after delivery].
AB  - Determinations of progesterone and pregnandiol in blood and pregnandiol in urine
      of 18 women in the last 9 days of pregnancy, in labour and in the first 7 days of
      puerperium were performed. The results were conformable to the data of other
      authors except the levels of progesterone in blood after labour. It was
      established that the levels of progesterone and pregnandiol in blood are
      increasing till the moment of labour. The levels of pregnandiol in urine have a
      tendency to decrease from the 5-th day before labour. The results are discussed
      in the aspect of Csapo's theory of placental block.

PMID- 1217261
TI  - [Pregnandiol and progesterone in the umbilical cord blood in comparison with the
      level of both hormones in the maternal peripheral blood].
AB  - The levels of pregnandiol and progesterone in venous and arterial umbilical blood
      in 18 neonates were determined. The statistical analysis has shown that the
      values of both hormones were higher in venous blood. The comparison of the
      results with the levels of these hormones in maternal peripheral blood was
      performed. No correlation was found.

PMID- 1217262
TI  - [A case of thalassemia minor and twin pregnancy].
AB  - In the case of anaemias resistent to therapeutics during pregnancy, especially
      with patients from the countries around the Mediterranean Sea, the presence of a
      Thalassaemia must be taken into consideration from the point of view of a
      differential diagnosis. The course and the uncertainties of such a case are
      described and the therapeutical measures discussed.

PMID- 1217263
TI  - [Urometry using a biomonitor combination].
AB  - Description of an apparatus for electronical measurement of pressure at the
      efferent urinary passages of the woman is given. The combination may be fitted in
      a variable way from elements of the biomonitor series of the VEB Kombinat
      Messgeratewerk Zwonitz. Pressure values can be recorded simultaneously by means
      of three separate measuring canals. The apparatus is suitable for clinical and
      scientific examinations such as cystometry, simultaneous cystourethrometry and
      uretermanometry. Additionally typical pressure graphs are demonstrated.

PMID- 1217264
TI  - [Functional studies on the implanted ureter].
AB  - Electronical measurements of pressure in 8 successfully implanted ureters (6
      Boari-Plastics, 2 direct implantations) yielded the following results. 1.
      Frequency, amplitude, duration and rate of spreading of the contractions show no
      differences compared to the normal ureter. 2. In the Boari-plastic the
      peristaltic activity is transferred also to the area of the anastomosis between
      bladder-flap and ureter. 3. Increasing pressure of bladder by retrograde filling
      produced temporary impairments of peristaltic of the implanted ureter in one case
      only.

PMID- 1217265
TI  - [Surgical management of ureteral evacuation disorders using a surgical gama
      camera].
AB  - By means of the radionephrogram it is possible to discover a disturbance of the
      excretion of the upper urinary tract at an early stage. Since there can be no
      pathological function of the urinary excretion without negative effect on the
      renal function, measures must be taken in order to prevent this from happening.
      By conventional surgical methods the eventual success of an operation can be
      judged only at a postoperative stage, sometimes an additional operation will
      prove necessary. A continuous intraoperative registration of a sequential
      scintigram, using a gammascintillation camera that has beem modified into an
      operation table, enables the control of method and extention of the operation.
      This method permits an optimal surgical result and we may save the patient from
      the strain of a possible second correcting operation. The method is being
      described by means of a case.

PMID- 1217266
TI  - [Role of haemophillus vaginalis in the pathogenesis of urogenital diseases].
AB  - The opinion is stated, that haemophilus vaginalis is a potentially pathogenic
      organism found exclusively in persons with sexual intercourse, and therefore
      requires control tests and stimultaneous treatment of the male partner as well.
      Further studies regarding its role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases
      of the genito-urinary tract are necessary.

PMID- 1217267
TI  - [Serum antibody determination in patients with urinary tract infections during
      pregnancy].
AB  - In 37 patients with significant bacteriuria in pregnancy antibody-determinations
      were carried out by means of bacterioagglutination and indirect hemagglutination.
      High antibody titres in serum could be detected in 13 patients with clinically
      acute pyelonephritis. Bacteriurias in connection with chronical pyelonephritis
      resulted in titres above normal values in few cases only. In no case there was a
      connection between asymptomatic bacteriurias and an increasing antibody titre.

PMID- 1217268
TI  - [Chemotactic effects of some staphylococcal substances (author's transl)].
AB  - Bovine leukocytes, besides rabbit leukocytes, were found to be suitable for
      chemotactic studies on staphylococci with the modified Boyden-method. The bovine
      leukocytes could be obtained more easily in larger quantities. Casein, however,
      had no significant chemotactic effects on bovine leukocytes. Culture supernatants
      of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis and the heat-killed staphylococci had
      cytotaxigenic and to a small degree also cytotaxic effects on the rabbit and
      bovine leukocytes. The extracted "straphylococcal skeletons", "clumping factor"
      (CF), protein A and capsular substances were cytotaxigenic. In addition, CF was
      moderately cytotaxic only for rabbit leukocytes. The chomotactic migration of
      leukocytes was markedly reduced after their treatment with leukocidin (PVL-R) in
      subleukocidic concentrations.

PMID- 1217269
TI  - [Eight new Arizona serotypes with emphasis on 2 O-antigens previously only found
      in Salmonella (author's transl)].
AB  - Description of eight new Arizona serotypes isolated from snakes and lizards
      (exception: Arizona 7a, 7c:23-21) in various countries and submitted to the
      National Salmonella Centre Hamburg for identification. No. 4-36/70 Arizona 10a,
      10b:29-25 = S. arizonae 40(1), 40(2):k:z53 No. 159-36/70 Arizona 7a, c..:26-21
      (with a new O-antigen) = S. arizonae 1, 6, 14, 25:z53:z35 No. 160-36/70 Arizona
      30:32-31 = S. arizonae 65:c:z No. 162-36/70 Arizona 10a, 10b, (10c):23-31 (with a
      new O-antigen) = S. arizonae 40(1), 40(2):1, v:z No. 167-36/70 Arizona 25:23-31
      41 = S. arizonae 16:1, v:z:z61 No. 2-36/71 Arizona 20:33-21 = S. arizonae
      35:i:z35 No. 227-36/72 Arizona 26a, 26b:26-21 = S. arizonae 61(1), 61(2):z52:z35
      No. 305-36/72 Arizona 7a, 7c:23-21 = S. arizonae (6), 14:1, v:z35 The two new
      Arizona O-antiges traced in strains nos. 159-36/70 and 162-36/70 testify the
      close relationship between Arizona and Salmonella justifying the inclusion of all
      Arizona serotypes with their corresponding Salmonella-formulae in the Kauffmann
      White-Schema. The O-antigen of strain no. 159-36/70 was verified only by using
      Salmonella O-antisera, the O-antigen of no. 162-36/70 by serological comparative
      tests with a certain Salmonella-species = S. bukavu. Strain no. 167-36/70: it is
      pointed out that phase 3 could probably be a so-called R-phase.

PMID- 1217270
TI  - Deoxyribonuclease release by incompatible strains of Proteus.
AB  - Using incompatible strains of Proteus growing on the same deoxyribonuclease
      (DNase) agar plate, it was found that DNase is consistently released at the
      demarcation line. DNase was shown to be released when the swarming organisms were
      killed. While screening Enterobacteriaceae according to the method of Schreier
      (1969) on agar containing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), it was noticed that when
      dissimilar strains of Proteus met, there was a breakdown of DNA. Schreier (1969)
      reported that, of the Enterobacteriaceae, only Serratia sp. consistently release
      DNase, while 10% of Proteus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. release DNase, but in much
      smaller amounts. Dienes (1946) reported that when dissimilar strains of Proteus
      are allowed to swarm on the same agar plate, a demarcation line the organisms
      show various degenerative changes. Many organisms at the line have been shown to
      be nonviable. When identical strains of Proteus are used, no line is produced.
      The present study reports DNase release at the demarcation (Dienes) line,
      questions the significance of this, and suggests the usefulness of the phenomenon
      in the Dienes typing of Proteus sp.

PMID- 1217271
TI  - Electron microscopic studies on altered forms of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
      obtained under the effect of novobiocin.
AB  - Altered and L-forms of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae were obtained through in
      vitro and in vivo treatments with novobiocin. Electron microscopic studies were
      carried out on the changes taking place in the morphology and ultrastructure of
      strains showing a varying degree of resistance. When lower concentrations of the
      antibiotic were employed (15, 25, 200, 400 mcg) strongly elongated and threadlike
      forms were established manifesting characteristic changes in the cell wall and
      the inner structure. The use of high concentrations of novobiocin (1000 and 2000
      mcg) incited the production of L-forms the morphology and ultrastructure of which
      are dealt with in detail.

PMID- 1217272
TI  - Studies on the cultivation of Clostridium oncolyticum M 55. 5th communication:
      The influence of iron, zinc, and cobaltous ions on the growth and the kininase
      activity of clostridium oncolyticum M 55 ATCC 13.732.
AB  - The precipitation or iron sulfide by hydrogen sulfide excreting Clostridium
      oncolyticum M 55 led to further examinations in order to avoid this disturbing
      factor. The method should render the cultivation of Cl. oncolyticum M 55 under
      definite conditions and should also intensify the formation and the enrichment of
      the clostridial kininases. Cobaltous ions and zinc granules were found useful for
      cultivation, because no disturbances increased from both during sterilization and
      incubation. The determination of the growth cycles and the replication rates
      showed the usefulness of zinc for substitution of iron. Cobaltous ions did only
      allow a low replication rate. These results confirmed those showing the influence
      of chelate-forming agents on the kininase activity. Cobaltous ions were not able
      to exchange the central atom of the metallo-proteide. The influence of the
      peptone quality on the kininase activity in presence of zinc was also examined,
      since examinations with iron media have shown a direct connection between peptone
      quality and enzyme activity. The results with zinc-containing media were nearly 5
      10% lower than those with iron. The results allowed also the conclusion that the
      kininase excreted by Cl. oncolyticum M 55 is an iron-containing metallo-proteide,
      whose central atom is exchangeable for zinc. The consequences of the loss of
      enzyme activity for the oncolytic therapy with Cl. oncolyticum M 55 will be shown
      in further examinations.

PMID- 1217273
TI  - Persistence and isolation of L cycle forms of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in
      experimental infection.
AB  - In experimental infection of rats induced with teh S-form of Erysipelothrix
      rhusiopathiae the pathogen was found to persist for a long time (up to fifteen
      months according to the author's personal observations). Under the effect of the
      specific and unspecific defense of the animal's organism the causative agent
      suffered a number of morphologic changes. In the course of the first days of
      infection the R-form was isolated, and thirty days later up to the fifteenth
      month forms of the L cycle were recovered from the parenchymal organs, blood, and
      joints. An electron microscopic study was carried out on the structure of the
      isolated L-forms. The long-term persistence of the agent in its different
      morphologic forms may well account for the chronic course of the infection in
      rats.

PMID- 1217274
TI  - Contribution to the study on fatty acids of Epidermophyton floccosum.
AB  - The total lipid content of a dermatophyte, Epidermophyton floccosum, grown under
      controlled environmental conditions, varies with growth stage and represents 7.0
      to 19.8% of the dry weight. The main lipid classes, determined by quantitative
      thin-layer chromatography, were: triglycerides, free fatty acids, sterols and
      phospholipids. The fatty acid composition was established with the aid of
      combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major components, linoleic,
      palmitic and stearic acids represent 42.8, 18.9 and 9.6 per cent respectively.
      The fatty acid biosynthesis, their taxonomic value and their role in the disease
      mechanism are discussed.

PMID- 1217275
TI  - [Evaluation of classification features of Micrococcaceae with reference to
      pathogenicity for the udder].

PMID- 1217276
TI  - [Studies on the possible use of the radioimmunosorbent technic (RIST) for the
      measurement of immunoglobulin classes IgG, IgA and IgM in cattle].

PMID- 1217278
TI  - Susceptibility of Boran cattle to experimental infections with Anaplasma
      marginale and Babesia bigemina.

PMID- 1217277
TI  - [Microsporum equinum as a cause of dermatophytosis in the horse].

PMID- 1217279
TI  - Diagnosis and differentiation of porcine mycoplasmas by the growth-precipitation
      test.

PMID- 1217280
TI  - [The destruction of pathogenic and non-pathogenic spore-formers through heat
      sterilization of slaughterhouse waste].

PMID- 1217281
TI  - [A new Brucellaphage "Weybridge" isolated from Brucella suis 1].

PMID- 1217282
TI  - [Comparison of motor endplate and central synapses. An ultrastructural study].
AB  - The fine structural characteristics of motor endplate (paradigm of a cholinergic
      synapse) and central synapses are briefly summarized giving major emphasis on
      recent observations in freeze fractured material. Special attention is paid to
      the concepts of "Active Zones" (presynaptic membrane complex) and "Specific
      Sites" (postsynaptic membrane complex). Comparison and functional interpretations
      are made specifically with respect to secretion and receptor mechanisms that are
      so characteristic of chemically transmitting junctions.

PMID- 1217283
TI  - [Synthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides under the action of high
      temperature and UV-radiation].
AB  - By means of UV-spectroscopy, gel filtration, thin layer and paper chromatography,
      it has been shown that the action of UV irradiation and heat on a dry mixture of
      nitrogenous bases and deoxyribose results in the formation of nucleoside pool,
      particulary deoxyadenosine. These energy sources were chosen in order to imitate
      at least approximately the conditions assumed to exist on the primitive Earth.
      Similar synthesis takes place in the atmosphere of the three gases studied, being
      more intensive in CO2 than in N2 or O2.

PMID- 1217284
TI  - [Structural study of bromocyanide peptides in myoglobin of the beaver Castor
      fiber].

PMID- 1217285
TI  - [Mechanism of the protective action of acetylcholine and serotonin against their
      cytotoxic antagonists].
AB  - By means of biological testing on supersensitive embryos of the sea-urchin
      Arbacia lixula, it has been shown that the eggs and embryos of the sea-urchin
      Paracentrotus lividus incubated in solutions of cytotoxic neuropharmacological
      drugs (cholino- and serotoninolytics), accumulate the latter. During the first
      (rapid) stage of binding, a level is reached which is 2-6 times higher than the
      external concentration; during the second stage of binding, this level gradually
      increases up to the values which are 8-12 times higher than the external
      concentration. The protecting action of exogenous acetylcholine and serotonin
      against the drugs studied does not inhibit their accumulation in embryonic cells.
      Therefore this protecting action is due to the decrease in the sensitivity of
      embryos to neurophysiological drugs. The protecting effect of endogenous factor
      produced by eggs and embryos is associated with the inhibition or abolition of
      the second stage of binding of cytotoxic neuropharmacological drugs.

PMID- 1217286
TI  - [Multiple forms of brain cholinesterase in phylogenesis and ontogenesis of
      vertebrates].
AB  - Multiple forms of the brain cholinesterase have been investigated by means of the
      original technique based on the extraction, ammonium sulphate salting out and gel
      filtration on Sephadex G-200. It was shown that the number of multiple forms
      increases in phylogenesis (8 in triton, 13 in rat, 18 in cat, 16 in dog and 23 in
      man), although their relative enzymic activity decreases. Isolated multiple forms
      with high molecular weight enzymatically are classified as acetylcholinesterases.
      In higher brain structures, multiple forms are more numerous.
      Butyrylcholinesterases and aliesterases are more abundant in lower brain
      structures. In the neural plate of the developing triton, it is possible to
      detect the forms with high specific activity, which exceeds that in adult
      animals.

PMID- 1217287
TI  - [Retinal pigments and carotenoids of the light-shading "spectacles" of the
      greenling Hexagrammus octogrammus].
AB  - Three light-sensitive pigments having lambdamax of 480, 505 and 540 nm which
      contain retinal as a chromophore were found in the digitonine extracts from the
      retina of H. octogrammus. In summer time, only one pigment (lambdamax equals 480
      nm) was found, whereas during autumn and winter periods the other two pigments
      (lambdamax equals 505 and 540 nm) could be also observed together with the first
      one. The lambdamax  480 pigment is easily degraded when being exposed to light,
      although it is resistant to the effect of hydroxylamine. The other two pitments
      are less sensitive to the light, but are readily bleached by hydroxylamine. The
      yellow-orange coloured cells of the light-shading "spectacles" contain a mixture
      of beta-carotenoids. When extracted by petroleum ether, these beta-carotenoids
      display lambdamax at 425, 445 and 476 nm. Column chromatography on aluminium
      oxide revealed 6 fractions in the extracted carotenoids: light-yellow, dark
      yellow, brown, reddish-brown, pink and pinkish ones. In the range from yellow to
      pink fractions, the contribution of the lambdamax 475 nm band increases, while
      that of two other ones-decreases.

PMID- 1217288
TI  - [Heat production in the ground squirrel Citellus pygmaeus during arousal from
      hibernation].
AB  - Heat production has been both measured experimentally (Qcal) and calculated from
      oxygen consumption (QO2) in arousing ground squirrels during the rise of their
      body temperature. Studies were made on total heat production during all the
      period of their warming as well as on the heat production at various stages of
      arousal. Qcal was evaluated by changes in body temperature and those in heat
      losses via convection and irradiation (calorimetrically). During arousal of
      animals, their body temperature, heat losses, Qcal and QO2 Gradually increase.
      However, the increase in heat losses is 3-4 times lower as compared to the
      intrinsic heat production measured both calorimetrically and by oxygen
      consumption. Limitation of heat losses (due to the constriction of subcutaneous
      blood vessels) together with activation of the metabolism in muscles and other
      tissues provide for significant heat accumulation and the increase in body
      temperature of arousing ground squirrels.

PMID- 1217289
TI  - [Ontogenic changes in cardiac rhythm during acute hypoxia in dogs and rabbits].
AB  - Newborn dogs and rabbits exhibit unequal reactivity of cardiac activity to acute
      hypoxia as compared to adult ones, being lesser in the newborn. In dogs, during
      postnatal life as well as during adaptation to hypoxia, tachycardic effect of
      atropine increases indicating the increase in vagal tone. In growing rabbits,
      cardiac rhythm decreases, the decrease being presumably due to changes in the
      tone of the sympathetic nervous system, since no significant changes were
      observed in cardiac activity during atropine administration.

PMID- 1217290
TI  - [The effect of ouabain on the sugar receptor of the contact chemoreceptive
      sensilla of the fly Protophormia terraenovae].
AB  - Studies have been made on the inhibitory effect of ouabain solutions on
      bioelectrical activity of the labellar sensillae of flied. It was shown that 10(
      2) M ouabain solution irreversibly inhibits the activity, where as 10(-3) and 10(
      4) M concentrations decrease the frequency of impulses within 40-60 min. Ouabain
      solution is a specific stimulator of the sugar receptor of the sensillae with a
      threshold of 10(-7) M; in combination with 0.2 M glucose, it inhibits impulse
      activity with the first 200 msec of stimulation. The effect is observed in a
      narrow zone of ouabain concentrations, with a maximum approximately at 10(-4) M.
      Differences between the effects of the inhibitor at the vicinity of the onset of
      generator potential and those in the impulse activity zones on the membrane of
      the sensory cell are suggested.

PMID- 1217291
TI  - [Reflection of evolutionary trends in the recovery pattern of the electrical
      activity in the human brain after unilateral electroshock].
AB  - After unilateral electroshocks the following stages of the recovery of EEG may be
      defferentiated in man: residual seizure activity, flat EEG, low-amplitude
      polyform arrhythmia, monoform delta-rhythm, synchronized teta- and alpha-rhythms.
      It is assumed that changes of these stages reflect the migration of EEG
      pacemakers within the system of hierarchically interrelated brain structures,
      which provide for various forms of regulation of the electrical activity of the
      cortex. It was shown that in each of the hemispheres, pacemakers operate
      relatively independently and that electrical stimulation of the dominant (left)
      hemisphere affects brain activity to a greater extent than stimulation of
      nondominant (right) hemisphere. The ascending influences of desynchronizing
      systems of the brain stem are less lateral as compared to the ascending pathways
      of hypothalamic and thalamic structures.

PMID- 1217292
TI  - [Intraspecific variability in fractional composition of the serum proteins of the
      sturgeon Acipenser stellatus].
AB  - Comparative studies on fractional composition of the blood serum proteins in two
      sympatric populations of the sturgeon A. stellatus (South-Caspian and North
      Caspian) have been made by means of polyacrylamide gel disc-electrophoresis.
      Serum proteins are fractionated into 13-18 electrophoretic components, the
      heterogeneity of proteins being somewhat higher in the North-Caspian population
      than in the South-Caspian one. Most pronounced differences were found in the
      relative content of albumins and beta-globulins. Special interest is attracted to
      different heterogeneity of albumins and beta-globulins (transferrins) in the two
      populations of the Caspian sturgeon.

PMID- 1217294
TI  - [Neuronal reactions of the olfactory centers of the forebrain during stimulation
      of the hypothalamic structures in rabbits].
AB  - During stimulation of phylogenetically ancient parts of the hypothalamus (the
      anterior and lateral), neuronal reactions have been recorded in the prepyriform
      lobe and tuberculum olfactorium. These reactions are characterized by a short
      latent period (6-25 msec) and high stability to rhythmic stimulation. Neuronal
      reactions in the same olfactory centers during stimulation of phylogenetically
      more recent hypothalamic structures (the posterior and medial) exhibit a long
      latent period (30-120 msec) and are readily exhausted by rhythmic stimulation.

PMID- 1217293
TI  - [The effect of cerebellectomy on motor activity of the stomach in the ray
      Dasyatis pastinaca].
AB  - It has been shown that after cerebellectomy in rays, motor activity of the
      stomach undergoes significant changes. From the 1st day after the operation, the
      frequency of stomach contractions diminishes from 8.30+/-0.46 to 6.30+/-0.50/15
      min. Individual variability markedly increases. The amplitude of stomach
      contractions is also diminished. Sham cerebellectomy does not affect neither the
      frequency, nor the amplitude of stomach contractions.

PMID- 1217295
TI  - [Cability of the neuro-muscular spatial relationships in the wall of the blood
      vessels].
AB  - Electronmicroscopic studies have been made on the distribution of the nervous
      fibers in the wall of the constricted and dilated auricular artery of the rabbit.
      It was demonstrated that during the dilatation of the vessel, the dimensions of
      the neuro-muscular cleft decrease. In the constricted artery, 50% of the nervous
      fibers are found in the adventitial zone which has a thickness of 4.6 mu. In the
      dilated vessel this zone decreases up to 1.8 mu. It is suggested that this
      mechanism is responsible for the regulation of the blood vessel tone.

PMID- 1217296
TI  - [Sensory innervation of the somite in the polychaete worm Nephthys hombergii].
AB  - Studies have been made on the peripheral sensory innervation of N. hombergii
      stained with methylene blue. It was shown that sensory elements of the polychaete
      are presented by several types of nervous cells which are symmetrically embedded
      between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers in each of the segments.
      Peripheral projections of these cells terminate in the epithelium, on muscle
      fibers and in the connective tissue. Central projections pass to the abdominal
      nerve chain. All. the observed sensory cells have a constant localization and
      shape, the latter presumably being determined by their polyvalent functions.

PMID- 1217297
TI  - [Brain lipid biochemistry of the sturgeons Acipenseridae].
AB  - Brain lipids of 4 species of sturgeons-Acipenser guldenstadti, A. stellatus, A.
      ruthenus and Huso huso-have been investigated. In whole brain homogenates the
      content of the basic phospholipid families, their fatty acid composition as well
      as the content of glycosphingolipids-gangliosides, cerebrosides and sulfatides
      were studied. The quantitative relations between different molecular ganglioside
      fractions and their fatty acid composition, as well as the relative content of
      hydroxycerebrosides and cerebrosides with normal fatty acids were determined. The
      brain lipids of Acipenseridae were compared to previously obtained data on the
      brain of Elasmobranch and Teleost fishes. The brain lipid pattern of the four
      sturgeon species is very similar, but it differs greatly from that of
      Elasmobranch and of Teleostean brain, being in some respect more like the type of
      bony fish brain, in others the kind of brain of sharks and rays, and frequently
      considerably differing from both these types. The conspicous peculiarity in the
      content and molecular characteristics of the brain lipids of Acipenseridae
      compels us to agree with the opinion expressed by the late A.N. Belozerski and
      his coworkers [26, 27], based on a detailed study of fish DNA nucleotides, that
      the Ganoid fish are to be regarded as an independent class.

PMID- 1217298
TI  - [Fatty acid composition of phospholipids from rabbit and crayfish skeletal muscle
      sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes].
AB  - A comparative analysis of fatty acid composition of lipid components from
      skeletal muscle sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes of rabbits and
      crayfishes Astacus fluviatilis and A. leptodactylus has been made by means of gas
      liquid chromatography of methyl esters of fatty acids. There are slight
      differences between external and internal membranes in fatty acids composition of
      lipids in the same animal. Considerable differences were found, however, when
      lipids in corresponding membranes of different species were compared. There are
      more unsaturated fatty acids in the crayfish than in the rabbit membranes. The
      most expressive differences in fatty acid composition between the two animals
      concern the content of linoleic acid type. Polyunsaturated acids in the crayfish
      are mostly of a 3 type and those in the rabbit of a 6 type. During biochemical
      evolution the following changes seem to take place, a decrease in the amount of
      unsaturated fatty acids as well as of polyunsaturated ones of a 3 type and an
      increase of those of the 6 type. These changes very probably reflect the
      transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial habitat.

PMID- 1217299
TI  - [Immunoreactive insulin and insulin-like activity of the blood in ontogenesis of
      the hen].
AB  - Studies have been made on immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and insulin-like activity
      (ILA) in the blood serum of chick embryos (from the 10th day of incubation),
      chicks and adult hens up to 1 year old. It was shown that IRI content of
      embryonic blood is relatively low and remains approximately constant during
      incubation. During postnatal ontogenesis, the level of IRI increases, the
      increase being most significant at the 1st day after hatching and between the 2nd
      and the 5th months. With respect to IRI level, 5-month chicks are similar to
      adult hens. Being assayed by the method of isolated epididymal rat fat, ILA was
      not found in the blood serum of chick embryos. It was observed in all test
      samples only from the 30th day after hatching. It is suggested that at this
      period of postnatal life, some factors are formed in the blood which increase ILA
      without changes of the insulin content of the blood. After the 30th day, no
      evident shifts were observed in ILA, although it reached maximum in adult hens.
      By absolute values, ILA of the blood in chicks was several times higher than the
      corresponding levels of IRI.

PMID- 1217300
TI  - [Myoglobin content and distribution in muscle tissues of Black Sea dolphins].
AB  - Myoglobin content is found to be higher in skeletal than in cardiac muscle of
      Tursiops truncatus and Phocaena phocaena and much higher than that in skeletal
      muscles of terrestrial mammals. According to the myoglobin content muscle fibres
      are devided into five types: red, white and three intermediate types. Deep
      muscles contain more red fibres and less intermediate fibres than superficial
      ones. White fibres compose almost one half of all fibres of the superficial
      skeletal muscles of the dolphins. The role of myoglobin distribution and higher
      content in oxygen supply of muscular tissue is discussed in relation to the
      peculiarities of dolphin breathing and blood circulation.

PMID- 1217301
TI  - [Studies on projections of somatic afferentation in the neocortex of the hedgehog
      Erinaceus europaeus].
AB  - Cortical projections of the somatic system in the hedgehog cortex were studied by
      means of the evoked potential (EP) technique. The EPs were shown to arise at a
      large area of the lateral cortex, the area in question being enlarged under
      chloralose anaesthesia. In the focus of projection of corresponding modalities
      the EPs posessed the least latency. Functional differences in the EP generation
      system both in the focus of projection and outside it are discussed. The wide EPs
      spreading in the lateral cortex as well as the presence of relatively
      differentiated projections is supposed to depend on the afferent volley
      dispersion to the polysynaptic pathways at the thalamic level. Considerable
      overlapping of sensory projection zones in the cortex is conditioned by the
      latter and indicates low degree of the somatic analyser organization.

PMID- 1217302
TI  - [Intraspecific genectic variation of phospholipids in the blood serum of the
      salmon Oncorhynchus nerca and O. keta].
AB  - Electrophoretic studies on the blood serum of many individuals of salmons reveal
      the existence of intraspecific genetic polymorphism of lipoproteins. This
      polymorphism is presented by 3 distinct bands, namely C,D and CD. It suggested
      that genetic polymorphism of lipoproteins is associated with their lipid
      components, especially with phospoholipid composition.

PMID- 1217303
TI  - [Changes in the content of 11-oxycorticosteroids in the blood serum of the
      spawning Siberian salmon Oncorhynchus keta and humpback salmon Oncorhynchus
      gorbuscha].
AB  - Studies have been made on 11-oxycorticosteroid content of the blood serum in
      spawning salmons. During sexual maturation and spawning migration, the level of
      11-oxycorticosteroids in the blood serum undergoes significant changes. The
      pattern of these changes is similar in both of the species investigated. During
      fresh-water period of migration, 11-3xycorticosteroid content in the blood serum
      of females of O. gorbuscha is 3 times higher as compared to that during sea-water
      period. In O. keta, this level increases two-fold. The increased content of 11
      oxycorticosteroids remains constant up to spawning. After the latter, the level
      of 11-oxycorticosteroids decreases reaching the values typical for sea-water
      period.

PMID- 1217304
TI  - [Age related changes in the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen in rabbits].
AB  - It has been demonstrated that the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen decreases
      after birth due to changes in the saline composition of erythrocytes. It is
      suggested that this decrease is mainly due to accumulation of 2.3
      diphosphoglycerate in erythrocytes of the growing rabbits.

PMID- 1217305
TI  - [Functional activity of leucocytes in postnatal ontogenesis of dogs].
AB  - Studies have been  made on motile and phagocytic activity, osmotic fragility of
      neutrophilic leucocytes, as well as on their glycogen content in dogs of various
      age groups. Within the first 3 months of postnatal life of animals (especially
      during the 1st month), functional activity of leucocytes is lower than in adult
      dogs. With respect to functional activity of leucocytes, 6-month puppies stand
      closer to adult dogs, although exhibit some differences from the latter.

PMID- 1217306
TI  - [The effect of high temperature and hydrocortisone on amylolytic and invertase
      activities of the mucous membrane of the small intestine in early ontogenesis of
      rats].
AB  - In experiments on 16-19 day rats, studies have been made of the effect of 2-hour
      heat exposure (40-41 degrees ) and hydrocortizone injection (4 mg per 100 g of
      body weight) on gamma-amylolytic and invertase activities of homogenized ad
      inside-turned pieces of proximal, middle and distal parts of the small intestine.
      It was shown that thermal stress results in a sharp increase of the enzymic
      activities of homogenates and total pieces of proximal and middle parts of the
      intestine. In distal parts, the enzymic induction is less significant or even
      completely absent. Hydrocortizone injections evoke similar changes, although the
      latter are more evident. On the basis of the data obtained, it is suggested that
      the effect of thermal factor on the synthesis of intestinal enzymes is realized
      via the hormones of suprarenal cortex.

PMID- 1217307
TI  - [Populational differences in venom composition in the snake Vipera lebetina
      turanica].
AB  - Studies have been made on the toxicity, enzymic activity and fractional
      composition (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of the venom obtained from
      various populations of the snake Vipera lebetina turanica. Animals were captured
      in different regions of the Mid-Asian part of the USSR. Electrophoretic studies
      reveal differences in fractional composition, mobility and density of proteins in
      the venoms studied. However, no significant variations were found in the enzymic
      activity and toxicity of the venoms.

PMID- 1217308
TI  - [The effect of cold adaptation on total gaseous metabolism and tissue respiration
      in gerbils].
AB  - Short-term adaptation to cold (-17-19 degrees) results in evident changes of
      energy metabolism of gerbiles. In cold-adapted Meriones unguiculatus, tissue
      oxygen consumption increases in all the tissues investigated. In M. tamariscinus,
      respiratory rate increased only in the cardiac muscle, whereas that in other
      organs and muscles remained unaffected. In contrast to these two cold-resistant
      species, M. erythrourus is less resistant to cooling. In the latter case, no
      changes were observed in total and tissues respiration after cold adaptation of
      animals.

PMID- 1217309
TI  - [Studies on the activity of aldolase from rabbit muscles in the presence of
      liposomes].
AB  - Electronmicroscopic studies have been made on the structure of liposomes obtained
      by the method of Bangham [13] with subsequent ultrasonic desintegration. The
      effect of muscle aldolase on the structure of liposomes was also investigated.
      Parallel studies were made on the effect of storage of liposomes upon the
      activity of aldolase. It was shown that liposomes obtained from
      chromatographically pure egg lecithin present discrete partially aggregated
      bodies, 1.000-3.000 A in size, composed by concentric layers, which have a
      dimension of approximately 40 A and periodicity of about 70 A. Interaction of
      these particles with the protein results into their desintegration and
      enlargement, this process being accompanied by the formation of a "fringe" at the
      edge of the particles. Aldolase activity in these systems in higher than in
      control. During storage of phosphatide-aqueous system, obtained by the metod of
      Bungenberg de Jong, activation of aldolase is gradually replaced by its
      inactivation.

PMID- 1217310
TI  - [Abiogenic synthesis of peptide-like substances induced by UV-irradiation and
      heat].
AB  - Dry mixtures of glycine and succinic acid as well as of glycine, phenylalanine
      and succinic acid were exposed to UV-irradiation and heating up to 170 degrees in
      atmospheres of O2 and N2. Under these conditions, synthesis of substances with
      peptide bonds was observed. Irradiation or heating of the first mixture results
      in synthesis of a substance which is water soluble and capable of dialysis,
      exhibiting therefore low degree of polymerization. This substance contains COOH
      groups, but lacks free NH2-groups. The latter reveal themselves during hydrolysis
      which brings about the appearance of the initial compounds. In the second
      mixture, which contains an aromatic amino acid, several products are synthesized
      some of them being presented by the insoluble and non-dialysed precipitate
      (polymer). Among soluble products, peptide-like substances (without free NH2
      groups) and dipeptides were found. UV-irradiation causes photolysis of
      phenylalanine which is mixed with succinic acid; as the result, tyrosine, alanine
      and asparagic acid are found among the products synthesized. These amino acids
      are not formed during heat-induced synthesis. Abiogenic synthesis takes place
      more readily in the presence of O2 than in a N2 atmosphere. Irradiation of
      aqueous solution of the product synthesized resulted in the photolysis of the
      latter. The results obtained indicate that during abiogenic period, synthesis of
      peptides and peptide-like substances from dry mixtures of amino acids and organic
      acids induced by UV-irradiation and heat might take place on the litosphere.

PMID- 1217311
TI  - [Respiration and glycolysis in the liver of developing chick embryos and chicks].
AB  - Oxygen uptake in liver slices remains constant between the 12th and the 17th days
      of embryonic development, being equal to that in 30-60-day chicks. During the
      transition from allantoic respiration to the pulmonary one, oxygen consumption
      decreases, the decrease being observed up to the end of embryonic period. After
      hatching, oxygen consumption increases 4-5-fold to the 6-7th and decreases up to
      the initial level at the 10th day. Respiration of mitochondria isolated from the
      liver and concentration of cytochromes in mitochondria remain constant. The value
      P/O is the lowest, whereas catalase activity is the highest during hatching. The
      intensity of anaerobic glycolysis changes similarly to that of respiration.

PMID- 1217312
TI  - [Age peculiarities of actin polymerization in calves].
AB  - Studies have been made on the developmental changes in the polymerization degree
      of unfractionated actin extracts from skeletal muscles of 3-8-month calf embryos
      and adult cattle. It was shown that during the development, the polymerization
      capacity of actin increases, the increase being accompanied by a significant rise
      in the molecular weight of the protein. The pattern of age changes in the degree
      of polymerization of actin is similar to that in the molecular weight of
      actomyosin. Differences in fractional composition of actin extracts from skeletal
      muscles at various stages of embryonic development were observed. These
      differences may be responsible for age peculiarities of actin polymerization and
      may be associated with the formation of contractile activity in ontogenesis.

PMID- 1217313
TI  - [Some peculiarities of the environment surrounding mechano- and electroreceptors
      of the acoustico-lateral system in the ray Raja clavata].
AB  - Studies have been made on the degree of binding of potassium ions, the content of
      free calcium ions and glycosaminoglycans in the fluid surrounding mechano- and
      electroreceptors of the acoustico-lateral system of the ray Raja clavata as well
      as on the electrical phenomena in potassium hyaluronate solutions and solutions
      of the fluids investigated. Comparative electrometric and chemical analyses
      indicate that bound potassium ions amount to 36.4% in the endolymph jelly, 39.6%
      in the Lorenzini jelly and 21.9% in the canal fluid. Calcium level in the fluids
      studied amounts to 3.6-4.1 mequiv./l which is similar to that in the sea water
      (3.4 mequiv./l). Glycosaminoglycan content is equal to 0.30 +/- 0.02% in the
      endolymph jelly, 0.21 +/- 0.03% in the canal fluid and 2.79 +/- 0.28% in the
      ampullary jelly (per wet solution). Some characteristics of the "displacement
      potentials" in potassium hyaluronate solutions and Lorenzini jelly solutions were
      obtained. Possible role of these potentials in the activity of ampullary
      structures of the lateral line organ is discussed.

PMID- 1217314
TI  - [Chemical nature of lachrymal products in the dolphin Tursiops truncatus].
AB  - Studies have been made on carbohydrate-protein complex (the ratio of carbohydrate
      to protein is equal to 1 : 2) in lachrymal products of the dolphin. It was shown
      that protein component includes 14 amino acids, in which diamino monocarboxylic
      acids amount to 58%. The ratio of the latter to monoamino dicarboxylic acids is
      equal to 4.3. Therefore the proteins of lachrymal products are basic ones. This
      peculiarity of the proteins and the absence of cystein and tryptophan in them
      indicate that these proteins are represented by histon-like ones, which exhibit
      high capacity to complex formation. It was demonstrated histochemically, that
      carbohydrate component of lachrymal reproduct is represented by chondroitin
      sulfate B. By thin layer chromatography, neutral monosaccharides (galactose and
      fucose) were detected, which presumably constitute terminal links of the
      prosthetic groups.

PMID- 1217315
TI  - [Peculiarities of the development of skeletal muscles in physiologically mature
      and immature mammals].
AB  - In one set of experiments, studies have been made on the time during which the
      membrane potential, action potential, total protein and the content of the dry
      substance of skeletal muscles of rats and dogs attain the values typical for
      adult animals. Chronologically, this time is 5-fold shorter in rats, than in
      dogs. In the other set of experiments, the same indices were studied in
      physiologically mature (with respect to calendar age) and immature rats and dogs.
      It was shown that in immature animals these indices are significantly lower than
      in mature ones. During natural development, physiologically immature organisms
      are the main objects of elimination at early postnatal stages via natural
      selection.

PMID- 1217316
TI  - [Interneuronal contacts and propagation mechanism in paired receptors of the
      propo-dactylopodite organ of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylis].
AB  - In recordings of biopotentials from the propo-dactylopodite-organ (the PD-organ)
      nerve, repetitive pairs of impulses are frequently observed, which presumably
      reflect paired structure of receptor elements where two sensory neurons are
      morphologically linked by non-polarized interdendritic ephapse. It is suggested
      that propagation via the ephapse out to be bilateral and that each of the
      postephaptic fibers transmits impulses from both of the cilia of the paired
      receptor. However, identical impulses from different cilia reach the central
      nervous system at different time, this mechanisms being presumably employed for
      differentiation of information on each of the cilia. One of the postephaptic
      fibers passes, seemingly, to the right, whereas the other one - to the left half
      of the first thoracic ganglion.

PMID- 1217317
TI  - [Responses of nervous elements of the visual cortex of the chipmunk Eutamias
      sibiricus to moving and stationary stimuli].
AB  - The receptive field organization of cortical units has been studied in
      experiments with testing by moving and stationary light spots. The size of the
      receptive fields varied from 3 degrees to 10 degrees. Receptive fields which were
      tested by a stationary light spot exhibited various types of organization. Some
      of the neurons produced extensive excitatory on- and off-responses to stimulation
      by a light spot. Neuronal excitation evoked by light decreased if the stimulus
      was near the field boundary. Some of the neurons produced either on- or off
      responses in any point of the receptive field. A small part of neurons had
      receptive fields with on- and off-reactions in the center, and either on- or off
      responses at the peripheral zones. Most of the neurons exhibited specialization
      with respect to high-speed motion.

PMID- 1217318
TI  - [Unit activity of rabbit medial septum in early ontogenesis].
AB  - In experiments on 7-20 and 75-day-old rabbits, the activity of units of the
      septal nuclei, the nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca (NBD), nucleus medialis
      (NSM) and the EEG of dorsal hippocamp (the CA2-CA3 fields) have been recorded. It
      was shown that the specific discharge pattern of septal neurons (the bursts)
      appears on 8-11th days under action of eserine. The distinct bimodal pattern of
      the interval histograms of the septal units appeared from the 14th day. The burst
      discharge pattern of NBD and NSM neurones reached a definitive level by the 20th
      day. The parallel evolution of discharge pattern of the septal units and the EEG
      of the hippocamp is observed in ontogenesis, the formation of hippocampal theta
      activity correlating with enhancement of the average frequency of the septal
      (NBD, NSM) neuronal activity, with shortening to the interval between the
      discharges within the bursts and with enhancement of the regularity of the
      bursts.

PMID- 1217319
TI  - [Age peculiarities of trace discharges of after-effect and of the activity of
      epileptogenic zone in the hippocamp of rabbits].
AB  - Seizure activity in the hippocamp has been studied on 6-10-, 16-20-day and adult
      rabbits. The pattern and thresholds of trace discharges of after-effect evoked by
      the electrical stimulation of the hippocamp were found to be similar in animals
      of all age groups. However, the amplitude of after-discharges significantly
      increased during the development of the brain. After the formation of penicillin
      epileptogenic zone in the hippocamp, EEG of all animals exhibited the identical
      types of focal interseizure discharges and electrographic correlates of seizures,
      yet the amplitude of epileptifiorm discharges on the EEG increased with age.
      Contralateral hippocamp was involved into the pathological process more easily in
      young rabbits than in adult ones.

PMID- 1217320
TI  - [Ultrastructural organization of the anterior sensory neuropile in the
      metathoracic ganglion of the locust Locusta migratoria].
AB  - The study of serial sections of the metathoracic ganglion of Locusta migratoria
      showed that the fibres of the tympanal nerve terminate in the dorsal half of the
      anterior sensory neuropile (ASN). Three types of synaptic endings were found in
      the ASN. Endings type I contain dense-core vesicles 600-850 A in diameter, more
      or less uniformly distributed in the axoplasm. They do not form specialized
      contacts with postsynaptic fibres and are localized only in the most ventral part
      of the ASN. Endings type II contain clear round vesicles 400-450 A in diameter
      (rare 250-300 A) and form typical synapses with dense pre-and postsynaptic
      membranes and synaptic cleft 150-200 A. Four types of contacts formed by these
      endings with postsynaptic fibres were found: 1 : 1 synapses; convergent,
      divergent and serial. All of them are well presented in the auditory neuropile.
      Endings type III contain both dense-core and clear vesicles in different
      relation. Only clear vesicles of these endings are connected with the active
      sites of the membrane.

PMID- 1217321
TI  - [Acetylcholinesterase activity in the nervous system of some Triclades
      (Planaria)].
AB  - By means of thiocholine method, ACHE activity has been revealed in cells of
      ganglia, ventral nerves, nervous plexuses of the pharynx and subepidermal layer
      of four planarian species. The products of ACHE activity appeared in the form of
      dark granules localized over cellular bodies and processes. Interspecific
      differences in the number and topography of ACHE-reactive cells were
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1217322
TI  - [Fibers count in the anterior portion of the cord of the crayfish Astacus
      leptodactylis].
AB  - The number of fibers was analysed on cross section electron micrographs (x 1.000
      and 4.500). About 300 axons of motoneurons leave the Ist thoracic ganglion.
      Approximately 180.000 sensory fibers enter the ganglion by lateral nerves. More
      than 90% of these fibers terminate on the ganglion neurons. The ganglion has
      descending connections with more caudally lying portions of the cord. The
      suboesophageal ganglion is closely associated with the 1st thoracic and other
      ganglia, and presumably contains a large vegetative center. The brain receives
      considerable information from the body via primary as well as secondary fibers,
      and controls the activity of the nerve cord through the system of various
      descending connective fibers.

PMID- 1217323
TI  - [Forebrain neurons in the sturgeon Acipenser baeria].

PMID- 1217324
TI  - [Frequency following response to cochlear nuclei in cats to polycomponent sonic
      signals].
AB  - Under chloralose-urethane anaesthesia, by means of spectrograms and dynamic
      spectrograms studies have been made on frequency following response (FFR) in the
      cochlear nuclei of cats evoked by sonic stimulation. It was shown that FFR
      readily reproduces frequencies of the acoustic spectrum of separate tones and two
      tonal harmonic complexes (the upper reproduced frequency in FFR - 6.0-6.5
      kc/sec). The main deteils of the acoustic spectrum of the sounds of speech are
      also easily reproduced in FFR. Combination tones were observed in FFR during
      application of two-tonal harmonic complexes. The first harmonic is inhibited in
      FFR when combined with higher ones (the fifth or the sixth) or at certain phase
      angle between the first and the second harmonics ("doubling" phenomenon).

PMID- 1217325
TI  - [Spectrum of the calling songs, phonotaxis and the auditory system in the cricket
      Gryllus bimaculatus].
AB  - Behavioural experiments with Y-maze showed that phonotaxis in female crickets to
      male calling songs (CS) depends on the spectrum of the latter. Conservation of
      the first low-frequency (5 kc. p. s.) component of the spectrum is the necessary
      and sufficient condition for the development of normal phonotaxis. Signals which
      in their temporal characteristics are identical to the CS, but their spectrum
      contains only high-frequency (12.5 kc. p. s.) component, do no evoke positive
      phonotaxis. High-frequency signals (10-40 kc. p. s.) induce negative phonotaxis
      of females in the stationary flight. Beginning from the tympanic organ, the
      auditory system of crickets exhibits distinct differentiation of elements, which
      provide the analysis of low- and high-frequency signals. Two types of ascending
      interneurons transmitting information about the sound from the first auditory
      center to the brain were described in detail. The first type is associated mainly
      with low-frequency receptors and effectively transmits all that is necessary for
      the recognition of temporal characteristics of the CS. The second type presumably
      accounts for the negative phonotaxis. It is associated mainly with high-frequency
      receptors, exhibits for the negative phonotaxis. It is associated mainly with
      high-frequency receptors, exhibits significant after-effect, higher sensitivity
      to sounds of weak intensities, emphasizes the onset of the stimulus effect, and
      rapidly habituates to repetitive stimulation.

PMID- 1217326
TI  - [Perceptual Classification of phonemes as perceived by dogs].

PMID- 1217327
TI  - [Selective sensitivity of hearing to amplitude modulation of speech in man].
AB  - Studies on the sensitivity of man's hearing to the reception of amplitude
      modulation (AM) of the sound reveal statistically reliable threshold minimum in
      the region of 4-6 c. p. s. It is suggested that this phenomenon is evolutionary
      conditioned by tuning of human auditory system on the perception of speech, in
      which AM results from articulation of the syllables. The acoustical analysis of
      several speech extracts demonstrated statistically reliable maximum of AM of the
      sound flow just within 4-6 c. p. s. Therefore, the selective sensitivity of
      hearing to perception of these AM frequencies increases the safety and
      interference resistance of the system "speech-hearing".

PMID- 1217328
TI  - The specialized apparatus of temperature perception in man.

PMID- 1217329
TI  - [Functional peculiarities of stretch receptors of the flight apparatus in the
      cockroach Periplaneta americana].
AB  - Functional peculiarities of stretch receptors in wing articulations of the
      cockroach are considered and possible functional role of these receptors in
      maintenance of stable rhythm of flight is discussed. Stretch receptors of wing
      articulations are of phasictonic type they exhibit slow and incomplete
      adaptation, discharging when the wing goes upward. The pattern of impulse
      response of the receptor depends both on the angle and the velocity of
      displacement of wing platelet. The scheme of presumptive pacemaker of wing beats
      is discussed in detail.

PMID- 1217330
TI  - [Postactivational changes in the reflex excitability of the motoneuronal
      apparatus of the spinal cord in newborn infants].
AB  - In 16 newborn infants ageing from several hours to 6 days, by means of paired
      stimulation, studies have been made on postactivational recovery of the reflex
      excitability of spinal motoneuronal apparatus. It was shown that early phases of
      the recovery cycle (early facilitation and depression) are similar in all the
      infants studied and do not significantly alter with age, whereas later phases
      within the first days of life follow two types. The first type is characterized
      by the intensive secondary facilitation which is transformed into exaltation,
      late depression being absent. The second type is characterized by low level of
      facilitation and the presence of depression. To the 4-5th day, the recovery cycle
      attains the pattern similar to that in adults. It is suggested that age changes
      of the recovery cycle reflect both functional maturation of the structures which
      are involved into the organization of postactivational changes of motoneuronal
      apparatus, and the dynamics of metabolism in newborns.

PMID- 1217331
TI  - [Age peculiarities in the effect of M- and N-cholinolytics on the activity of the
      epileptogenic zone in the rabbit hippocampus].
AB  - In experiments on 6-10, 16-20-day and adult rabbits, electrochimiotrodes were
      chronically implanted into the dorsal hippocamp. Direct application of a M
      cholinolytic, metamizyl, or N-cholinolytic, gangleron, to penicillin-induced
      epileptogenic zone in the hippocamp inhibited seizures in rabbits of all age
      groups. The intensity of interseizure epileptiform discharges in the EEG did not
      change under the action of cholinolytics in adult and 6-10-day rabbits, and
      decreased in 16-20-day ones. Parenteral administration of gangleron caused the
      same effect on the activity of epileptogenic zone, as its direct application to
      the hippocamp. Parenteral administration of metamizyl inhibited seizures in young
      animals (similarly to its direct application to the hippocamp), but increased the
      seizures and interseizure discharges in adult rabbits. Therefore, already to the
      6th day of postnatal life of rabbits, blocking of the cholinoreactive system of
      the hippocamp may inhibit circulation of seizural discharges along closed
      neuronal circuits, which is necessary for the formation of the seizure.

PMID- 1217332
TI  - [Synthesis of organic compounds in ultrasonic field].
AB  - On the basis of our experimental data, it is suggested that powerful ultrasonic
      vibrations acted as inductors and activators of primary chemical reactions and
      that these reactions occurred not only in the atmosphere, but in the hydrosphere
      as well. Synthesis of various biologically important substances was monitored in
      aqueous solutions under the influence of ultrasonic treatment. Water and gases of
      the reduction atmosphere play a significant role in these reactions.

PMID- 1217333
TI  - [Some peculiarities of brain phospholipids in deep sea fishes].
AB  - Total phospholipids (PL) as well as the content of various phospholipid classes
      and their fatty acid composition have been investigated in the brain of
      mesopelagic and abyssal marine teleosts. These species were compared to shallow
      water ones. The brain of deep sea fishes was found to be very poor in PL as
      compared to the brain of mesopelagic ans surface water species. No differences
      concerning the brain PL content were revealed between the two last mentioned
      groups. The relative content of separate PL classes was very similar in all the
      species studied irrespectively of the depth of their habitat. Peculiarities were
      found in fatty acid composition of individual PL from deep sea species as
      compared to surface ones. The deeper the habitat, the lower the content of
      saturated fatty acids, especially of the stearic acid. The lowest content of
      saturated fatty acids, maximum level of polyenoic fatty acids as well as some
      peculiarities in the relative content of particular fatty acids were found in the
      brain of ultraabyssal (6, 000 m) Leucicorus sp.

PMID- 1217334
TI  - [Relationship between bound and free amino acids in the brain of growing rats].
AB  - Total pool of glutamate, glutamine and GABA in the hemispheres increases during
      postnatal life of rats, the increase being due to that in free and bound forms of
      amino acids. In the cerebellum of 1-day rats, the content of free and bound glu,
      gln asp, GABA, bound ala and free gly is lower, whereas the level of free glu and
      ala, bound gly is higher than in mature animals. To the end of the 1st week,
      total amino acid content decreases, except GABA, which is increased. Aminon acid
      content begins to increase at the 21th and 28th days of postnatal life.

PMID- 1217335
TI  - [Regulation of sugar content in the blood during artificial hyperglycaemia in
      chick embryos].
AB  - Intravenous injections of glucose (8.6 mg/ml of blood) have been made 9-18 day
      chick embryos, 1-day chicks and adult hens. Glucose content of the blood was
      measured 15 and 30 min., 1,4 and 8 hours after the injection. It was shown that
      already 9-day embryos possess a regulatory system which restores the initial
      glycaemic level. During the development of the organism, the efficiency of this
      system increases. The data obtained may be used in theoretical studies on the
      sugar system of the blood.

PMID- 1217336
TI  - [The role of malate dehydrogenase in adaptation to hypoxia in invertebrates].
AB  - In muscle tissue of lamellibranch molluscs and crustaceans (cf. Table for the
      species studied), high levels of malate dehydrogenase and low ones of lactade
      dehydrogenase were detected. There is a direct relationship between the value of
      MDH/LDH ratio and the capacity of organisms to withstand temporary anaerobiosis.
      Animals with high ratio may adapt to hypoxia by transition from aerobic
      metabolism to anaerobic one.

PMID- 1217337
TI  - [The content of 7-(alpha)-oxycholesterol in bladder, bile, liver and blood of
      chick embryo and chicks].

PMID- 1217338
TI  - [The effect of pentagastrin and ornithine-tetragastrin on motor activity of the
      stomach in skates and scorpion-fish].
AB  - Low doses of pentagastrin (50 mug/kg b. w.) have no physiological effect on motor
      activity of the stomach in the skate Dasyatis pastinaca. Average doses (100-200
      mug/kg) stimulate the activity, whereas high ones (300 mug/kg) inhibit the
      frequency of stomach contractions, slightly increasing their amplitude. Ornithine
      tetragastrin in a dose 2000 mug/kg does not affect motor activity of the stomach
      in skates. In the scorpion-fish Scorpaena porcus, ornithine tetragastrin (1000
      and 2000 mug/kg) inhibits motor activity of the stomach.

PMID- 1217339
TI  - [Reactivity, immunogenicity and epidemiological effectiveness of vaccination
      according to various schemes of immunization against whooping-cough, diphtheria
      and tetanus].
AB  - An extended controlled epidemiological trial was carried out for the purpose of
      studying the reactogenic properties, immunological and epidemiological efficacy
      of immunization against whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus according to a
      scheme suggested by the authors (AKdeltaC-AKdeltaC-KB) in comparison with the
      official scheme (AKdeltaC-AKdeltaC-AKdeltaC). There was revealed some increase in
      the frequency of general reactions in children vaccinated by the experimental
      scheme; however strong general reactions and local reactions of different
      intensity were encountered with equal frequency in both groups. Two months after
      the end of the vaccination significantly higher titres of pertussis agglutinins
      were revealed in children immunized by the AKdeltaC-AKdeltaC-KB scheme; no
      significant difference was found in the content of the protective titres of
      diphtheria and tetanus antitoxins. The duration of preservation of postvaccinal
      antibodies against all the AKdeltaC-vaccine components and increase in their
      amount after the first revaccination (in 1.5-2 years) was the same in both the
      groups of children. A greater epidemiological efficacy of pertussis antigen was
      revealed by prolonged observation in immunization by the AKdeltaC-AKdeltaC-KB
      sheme in comparison with immunization by the official scheme (pertussis incidence
      per 100 thousand children proved to be 12.7 and 71.2, respectively).

PMID- 1217341
TI  - [Dissemination of the staphylococcal carrier state].

PMID- 1217340
TI  - [Study of the possibility of the formation of domestic means of dissemination of
      dysentery among young children].

PMID- 1217342
TI  - Vaccination against tularemia by means of the "Pchelka" jet injector.

PMID- 1217343
TI  - [Results of observations on the state of immunity against smallpox in individual
      groups of the population of the Primorsk region].

PMID- 1217344
TI  - [Experience in the study of the epidemiology and prevention of intestinal
      infections under conditions of the extreme north of western Siberia].
AB  - A study was made of peculiarities of typhoid and dysentery and of conditions
      promoting the spread of these infections in the Yamalo-Nenetsk National Area. The
      efficacy of antiepidemic measures conducted against these infections under
      conditions of the extreme north was assessed. A sharp fall of typhoid incidence
      was reached. As to dysentery-the complex of measures carried out could not
      significantly influence the direction of the epidemic process (for this purpose
      elaboration of special prophylactic measures is required).

PMID- 1217345
TI  - [Some controversial questions on the epidemiology of intestinal infections.
      Report I. Significance of the dose and the biological properties of the causative
      agent in the epidemiology and the clinical picture of salmonelloses and
      dysentery].
AB  - On the basis of analysis of literature and personal observations and studies the
      authors explain a number of epidemiological and clinical peculiarities of
      intestinal infections with various pathogenic doses of the causative agents;
      under the term pathogenic dose is understood the minimal amount of microbes
      necessary for the onset of the disease with the natural mechanism of transmission
      of the infection. Regularities of the effect of the pathogenic dose of the
      causative agent on the epidemic process common for intestinal infections were
      formulated.

PMID- 1217346
TI  - [Non agglutinating vibrios].

PMID- 1217347
TI  - [Seeding efficiency of the causative agent of dysentery as an index of the
      intensity of the epidemiologic process].
AB  - A study was made of the character and extent of interrelationship between the
      indices of dysentery morbidity and the indices of the seeding efficiency of
      dysentery bacilli persons who did not apply for medical aid. Establishment of
      such interrelationship permitted the authors to suggest the use of a more
      objective index of the seeding efficiency of dysentery bacilli, along with
      morbidity indices, for the assessment of the intensity of the epidemic process in
      this infection. On the basis of investigations carried out the authors came to
      the conclusion that a tendency to the increase of dysentery incidence the last
      few years chiefly bore a "statistical" character and was due to the improved
      detection of patients and carriers.

PMID- 1217348
TI  - [Hypersensitivity of the delayed type in immunization and infection with
      Mycoplasma pneumoniae].
AB  - In parenteral and intranasal immunization with M. pneumoniae of guinea pigs,
      along with seroconversion, there was observed development from the 15th-20th day
      of hypersensitivity of delayed type; this hypersensitivity was revealed by
      positive skin tests and by the reaction of specific transformation of the
      peripheral blood lymphocytes. An increased reactivity of the smooth muscles of
      the intestine of parenterally immunized animals was revealed. With the aid of the
      test of alteration of blood neutrophils in vitro there was found development of
      specific sensitization of the organism to M. pneumoniae in the patients with
      mycoplasma pneumonia.

PMID- 1217349
TI  - [Role of anaerobic streptococci in human pathology. Report I. Etiological
      significance of anaerobic streptococci in chronic tonsillitis].
AB  - The authors describe a method of isolation of anaerobic streptococci from the
      blood. A high seeding efficiency of anaerobic streptococci from the depth of the
      tonsils (75.1%) and from their surface (59.7%) and also from the blood (36%)
      pointed to the leading role of these microbes in the etiopathogenesis of chronic
      tonsillitis. In healthy individuals anaerobic streptococci are revealed (by
      culture method) on the surface of the tonsils but rarely (6%). Str. micros are
      the most incident in chronic tonsillitis (in 85.3% of cases-from the depth of the
      tonsils and in 77.5%-from the surface), whereas Str. anaerobius and Str.
      intermedius occur in individual cases only (8.4-7.5% and 6.3-15%, respectively).
      Pure culture of Str. micros was found in 36% of cases. Pathogenetic scheme of
      development of bacteriemia in chronic tonsillitis and rheumatism is presented.
      The isolated cultures were found to be resistant to the widely-used antibiotics.

PMID- 1217350
TI  - [Comparative characterisitic of changes in the adrenals against a background of
      immunization with viral and bacterial antigens].
AB  - The effect of alcoholic typhoid vaccine and of the cultural vaccine against the
      tickborne encephalitis on the adrenocortical secretion in guinea pigs was
      studied. Functional condition of the adrenal glands was assessed histochemically.
      Immunization was accompanied by increase in the activity of the adrenal cortex,
      the most pronounced the first 3 days. Comparative analysis showed that typhoid
      vaccine produced a more pronounced stree on the adrenal gland function.

PMID- 1217351
TI  - [Prognosis of the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome in the
      Primorsk region].
AB  - A study was made of a possibility of prognostication of the number of patients
      (morbidity per 100 000 residents) with hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome
      in conditions of the Primorsk region. The main factors characterizing this
      disease were analyzed with the use of the "Minsk-22" computer; these were
      dynamics of the populations of murine rodents, metereological data, morbidity. A
      method of prognostication of the number of patients (morbidity) with hemorrhagic
      fever and a renal syndrome in the Primorsk region for the current year was
      elaborated.

PMID- 1217352
TI  - [Stimulation of primary immune response by the activation of autoimmune
      processes].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on 220 female mice weighing 20--24 g, with the use of
      3 types of antigens (sheep erythrocytes, vaccines from the intestinal and
      paratyphoid bacilli). There proved to be an increase on the 7th and the 14th day
      of the formation of specific antibodies under the effect of subcutaneous
      injection of a homologous blood (0.1--0.3 ml per mouse) 2 hours after the antigen
      immunization. Hemostimulation not only intensified the antibody-genesis, but also
      increased the resistance to the infection with the living microbial culture. The
      stimulating action of the blood injection persisted in irradiation of the mice
      with gamma-rays in a dose of 300 r. Hemostimulation produced an activation of the
      normal autoantibody system capable of influencing the function of cells necessary
      for the antigen assimilation.

PMID- 1217353
TI  - [Use of disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel method for the separation of
      soluble proteins of vibrios].
AB  - The authors present the results of a comparative study of the protein spectra of
      80 strains of various vibrios. Proteinograms were elaborated by the method of
      disc-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel for each strain and species. There
      were revealed 25 protein peaks with definite mobility coefficients. The number of
      peaks and their areas varied in different species. The qualitative and the
      quantitative differences between the vibrio species were established. Results of
      investigations demonstrated a possibliity of using the protein spectra for the
      differentiation of microorganisms.

PMID- 1217354
TI  - [Antibody neutralization test in brucellosis].
AB  - The authors present the results of study of the antibody neutralization test in
      brucellosis with the use of erythrocytes sensitized with lipopolysaccharide. This
      test was shown to be highly specific and sensitive in detection of brucellae and
      brucellosis antigen in pathological material, food and objects of external
      environment.

PMID- 1217355
TI  - [Immunogenesis and nonspecific factors of natural resistance. XI. Further study
      of the depression mechanism of humoral reactions of natural immunity during the
      vaccinal process].
AB  - The mechanisms of depression of humoral reactions of natural immunity under the
      effect of vaccination were studied further. Experiments were carried out on
      albino rats tolerant to the horse serum protein. Administration of the antigen to
      the tolerant animals failed to cause formation of antibodies or to influence
      humoral factors of natural immunity. As to rats not immunized earlier, complement
      fixing antibodies were revealed from the 7th to the 21st days after the
      administration of horse serum; simultaneously there was seen depression of the
      humoral mechanisms of natural resistance. The results obtained confirmed the
      hypothesis stating that there existed competitive relations between the specific
      and nonspecific immunological reaction in the fight for plastic provision of the
      corresponding reactions.

PMID- 1217357
TI  - [Electron microscopy of cholera vibrios from the intestinal contents of infected
      suckling rabbits].
AB  - Electron microscopic study of the cells of classic, El Tor and NAG-vibrios showed
      them to be no different by the structure type from the cells of ofter Gram
      negative bacteria. A characteristic peculiarity of the cholera vibrios revealed
      after their passage through the intestine of nursling rabbits was the presence of
      microcapsules and protrusions of the areas of the wall membranous apparatus.

PMID- 1217356
TI  - [Immunological study of the occurrence of staphylococci with skin antigens in
      various experimental animals].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on rabbits; primary and secondary administration of
      staphylococcus vaccine was regularly accompanied by the production of antibodies
      not only to a staphylococcus antigen, but also of antibodies reacting with an
      extract of homologous kidneys, myocardium and the skin. The presence in the
      pathogenic staphylococcus of an antigen affiliated to proteins of the skin and
      kidneys of rabbits and mice was shown by the method of cross sorption of
      antistaphylococcus and antiskin sera by a suspension of the staphylococcus or
      skin antigen with the use of the complement fixation test. Indirect
      hemagglutination and immunofluorescence. Such antigen was absent in nonpathogenic
      bacteria isolated from the skin extracts.

PMID- 1217358
TI  - [Changes in the ultrastructure of staphylococci in kidney tissue in experimental
      infection].
AB  - A study of ultrathin sections fo the kidney tissue of mice infected with
      staphylococci showed intracellular localization of the bacteria. In vivo there
      occurred a morphological reconstruction of external layers of the cell wall of
      staphylococci, and lysis of individual staphylococci. The middle part of the cell
      wall and the cytoplasmic membrane proved to be the structures the most stable to
      lysis. Specific changes of bacteria similar to the changes noted with the action
      of penicillin on staphylococci in vitro followed effective penicillin therapy of
      mice infected with staphylococci.

PMID- 1217359
TI  - [The relationship between the side of the lesion and the features and prognostic
      value of parietal dysfunction in vascular diseases in the brain].
AB  - The authors generalized the results of clinico-dynamic and experimental
      psychological observation over 52 patients with hemisphere strokes. An analysis
      was made of clinical manifestations of the temple lobe pathology and
      peculiarities of the restorative period depending upon the side of lesion.
      Necessity of further study of the problem of differential carrying out of
      therapeutic measures depending upon not only the nature and severity of stroke
      but also on localization and side of the lesion is emphasized.

PMID- 1217360
TI  - [Consciousness disorders in focal lesions of the right and left cerebral
      hemispheres].
AB  - In the light of modern concepts of functional asymmetry in the human brain, the
      authors analyse paroxysmal conditions of changed consciousness which occurred in
      160 patients with lesions of the hemispheres due to brain tumors (75 patients)
      and in epilepsy (85 patients). It is shown that certain forms of changed
      consciousness are characteristic of disorders of the right and left hemispheres
      in right-handedness. This clinical fact is taken as a basis for the assumption
      that in the formation of consciousness both hemispheres in different ways play a
      certain role and they provide different "formating" kinds of consciousness: the
      right hemisphere--a direct perception or a sensory perception of the environment
      and itself, the left--process of abstract perception based on speech, symbols,
      semantics.

PMID- 1217362
TI  - [The relationship between the side of the lesion and the psychopathology of focal
      lesions of the frontal lobes].
AB  - The author studied 36 patients with benign tumors, located in one of the frontal
      lobes: in 20 cases in the left and in 16 cases in the right lobe. In tumors of
      the left lobe there were disorders in the motor and initiative side of speech,
      general inhibition, a decline in the level of generalizing, a prevalence of
      memory disorders, rather than attention, inertia of mental processes with a
      preservation of a sense of being ill. Tumors of the right frontal lobe were
      characterized by an insufficient insight to the illness, euphoria, an absence of
      a critical understanding of the environment, a prevalence of attention disorders
      over memory disturbances, a narrowing of the volume of simultaneously perceived
      information and a tendency towards a confabulatory addition to fragmentarily
      perceived images.

PMID- 1217361
TI  - [The Korsakov syndrome in light of the concept of functional asymmetry of the
      brain].
AB  - An analysis of 10 cases with acute brain disorders (severe brain damage, ruptures
      of vascular aneurysms permits the authors to assume that the Korsakoff syndrome
      developes in those patients who at the initial phase of the disease had comatose
      conditions with subsequent focal symptoms mainly of the right hemisphere and
      diencephalic area. The author demonstrates the psychopathological traits of the
      Korsakoff syndrome which differ from the amnestic syndrome developing in focal
      lesions of the left hemisphere.

PMID- 1217363
TI  - [Asymmetry of brain lesions and immunobiologic reactivity].
AB  - The authors compare some clinico-psychopathological traits in the development and
      frequency of detected antibrain antibodies and allergical states in epilepsy with
      a different lateralization in the hemispheres. In a sinistral localization of the
      lesion there is a significant increase of an unfavourable development of the
      disease and a more frequent detection of antibodies to the homologous brain. In a
      dextral localization there is a relatively favourable development of the basic
      disorder. The authors discuss the influence of the sex factor on the
      immunobiological indices and the lateralization of the hemisphere. A theory is
      suggested that the left and right hemispheres are involved in different ways in
      the different links of immunity, and their pathology may provoke different
      changes in the body reactivity.

PMID- 1217364
TI  - [Eye movement disorders in visual agnosia].
AB  - By the aid of photooptical methods the authors studied eye movements in 6
      patients with disorders of visual gnosis due to focal lesions in the
      occipitallbrain lobes. The examination included studies of a fixation of
      immovable objects, a tracing of linear and pendulum moving objects and a
      voluntary change of points of fixation in space. It was demonstrated that
      expressed symptoms of agnosia are accompanied by defects in the organization of
      all forms of opticomotor activity. The authors discuss problems of the
      pathogenesis of oculomotor disorders in optical agnosia.

PMID- 1217365
TI  - [Spinal mechanisms of motor disinhibition following barbamyl administration].
AB  - Prior to and following an intravenous introduction of 250 mg of barbamil by the
      stimulation of the EMG method the authors studied the H-reflex and M-response of
      the soleus and gastronemius muscles. The use of singular electric stimula of an
      increasing intensity as well as multiple repetitions of singular stimula of equal
      intensity of depicted the following. Barbamil decreases the threshold and
      increases the amplitude of H-reflexes, and does not influence the M-response.
      When using pair stimula, barbamil shortens the period of absolute nonexcitation
      and the second phase of depression in the cycle of restituted H-reflexes to the
      second stimula in the pair. On this basis the author comes to the conclusion that
      the action of this preparation on the segmental apparatus of the spinal cord is
      expressed in an inhibition of gamma-impulsation, a blocking of inhibitive
      interneurons and an easier reflex excitation of alpha-motoneurons. The report
      deals with a discussion of these mechanisms for the effect of a prolonged
      disinhibition.

PMID- 1217366
TI  - [Neuromorphologic features of aging in nerve trunks].
AB  - Age-specific changes found in the structures of the peripheral nervous system in
      the form of periaxonal and secondary degenerative processes have a tendency
      towards a progressive development. These changes eventually lead to changes in
      the intratruncal individuality of the peripheral nerves.

PMID- 1217367
TI  - [A clinico-neurophysiologic study of psychasthenic psychopathies].
AB  - The authors studied 25 patients with psychasthenic psychopathy who according to
      the clinical picture were divided into 2 groups: psychasthenics proper and
      anankasts. The results of the study permitted to detect some correlations between
      the clinical traits and neurophysiological interconnections between the cortex
      and nonspecific subcortical structures. Such correlations were made on the basis
      of a multicomponent structure of the orientation reaction (especially the EEG
      reactions and SGR) to stimula of different modality and background bioelectrical
      activity of the brain.

PMID- 1217368
TI  - [Comparative electroencephalographic studies of stutterers on the basis of
      neurotic disorders and on the basis of organic lesions of the central nervous
      system].
AB  - The paper contains information regarding EEG registration in stuttering patients
      from 20-35 years of age. In 55 cases stuttering was found against the background
      of neurotic disorders, in 39--accompanied by residual signs of organic brain
      lesions. In the first group there was a tendency towards an acceleration of the
      rhythms and desynchronization of the EEG activity which reached normal levels
      during the treatment period. The patients of the second group demonstrated a
      stable tendency towards a synchronization of activity, slower rhythms with
      pathological activity of a bilateral--synchronous character and theta-rhythm in
      the central parietal areas.

PMID- 1217369
TI  - [The typology of personalities suffering hysterical neuroses and hysterical
      psychopathies].
AB  - The paper deals with a study of 142 patients with hysterical neuroses and 92 with
      hysterical psychopathy. The personality typology was studied in 2 aspects:
      intrapersonal and interpersonal. In analyzing the main variants of the premorbid
      personality with hysterical neurosis special attention was paid to the role of
      accentuating separate hysterical signs. It is shown that there may be a
      transition of protracted hysterical reactions into hysterical psychogenic
      personality development. In analyzing hysterical psychopaths the author studied
      the correlation of constitutional-biological and social factors and describes the
      main variants of the personality structure among the "nuclear" and "boderline"
      psychopaths.

PMID- 1217370
TI  - [Prognosis of pathologic personality changes, repeated hospitalizations and
      assessment of the risk of suicide attempts in reactive depression].
AB  - With the aid of clinical scales and eventual components, regressive and
      discriminant analysis the author elaborated a system of prognostical indices for
      the assessment of unfavourable outcomes and formation of pathological personality
      development as well as in patients with reactive conditions in the form of
      depressions, neurasthenia and hysterical neurosis. Observations which amounted to
      the mark equal to or exceeding the critical (68) should be considered as
      dangerous in relation to a formation of a pathological personality.

PMID- 1217371
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of neuroses and neurosis-like conditions in residual
      organic diseases of the brain].
AB  - The study is based on a clinical and X-ray examination of 481 patients where in
      270 cases different forms of neuroses were found and in 211--neurotic-like
      conditions of an organic character (arachno-encephalitis, cerebral arachnoiditis,
      diencephalitis). Craniograms depicted changes only in 18% of the patients with
      neuroses while in organic brain lesions in 52% of the cases. In the group of
      patients with neuroses there were no convincing changes in the
      pneumoencephalograms. A total of 172 patients with neurotic-like conditions
      demonstrated polymorphic pial and brain changes. Cerebral angiography in 65% of
      the examined patients depicted pathological changes of circulation.

PMID- 1217372
TI  - [The relationship between the neurotic and the pseudoneurotic in ulcerative and
      ulcerative and neurogenic-dyskinetic colitis].
AB  - On the basis of a study of 142 patients with chronic colitis (nonspecific
      ulcerous and neurogenic-dyskinetic) the authors demonstrate the interreralations
      between the somatical and neuro-psychic pathology, in the structure of which
      neurotic-like, neurotic and personality reactions to the basic disease are
      closely interwoven. In the severe forms of the disease there is a predominance of
      somato-organic phenomena, in wild-neurotic symptoms. The quantitative and
      qualitative changes in the personality structure of 46 patients permitted to
      speak of a neurotic personality development.

PMID- 1217373
TI  - [Protracted hypochondriacal states of cerebral-organic genesis].
AB  - On the basis of clinico-follow up studies of 67 patients with brain disorders the
      author distinguishes 4 types of the development of the process: long-termed
      sluggish, remittent, subacute-progressive without remissions and regressive. The
      author stresses the age significance, additional exogenic factor when sluggish
      and remittent types of development are replaced by continuous types with moderate
      progressiveness. The remote stage in the illness development is characterized by
      expressed mnestic-intellectual deterioration, mental and physical
      insufferability, chronic and periodic mood disturbances, sleep disturbances,
      increased sensory excitement, personality changes of a hypochondrical type.

PMID- 1217374
TI  - [Clinical variants of neurosis development in persons blinded at a mature age].
AB  - On the basis of clinical, experimental psychological and EEG data of 133 blind
      patients 4 types of neurotical personality development were distinguished:
      asthenical, hysterical, obsessive and hypochondrical. Each of these variants had
      its certain clinical traits. On all phases of the disease which were related to a
      sudden loss of sight, the authors mark the necessity of a manifold medical
      treatment and psychotherapeutical approach directed towards a sociovocational
      adaptation.

PMID- 1217375
TI  - [The psychogenic factor in the clinical picture of epilepsy].
AB  - A study of 300 epileptic patients depicted that the first seizures in 8% of all
      cases appear following psychic shock traumas. Epileptic fits, unlike hysterical,
      appear more frequently not during the crucial phase of emotions, but after
      several hours or days of a psychic traumatization. The psychogenic factor as a
      rule is not reflected in the psychopathological structure of the disease. In the
      process of the disease the psychogenic influence leads to different neurotic
      conditions (depressive, asthenical, hysterical, phobic) which complicate the
      psychopathological picture of epilepsy. The epileptic fits as well as other
      expressions of the disorder also exert certain psychogenic influences.

PMID- 1217376
TI  - [The syndrome of anorexia nervosa in schizophrenia].
AB  - The authors studied 34 schizophrenic patients with the syndrome of nervous
      anorexia. It is demonstrated that nervous anorexia which was initially related to
      the syndrome of dysmorphobia-dysmorphomania, in the future, as the schizophrenic
      defect increases, is reduced to exhausted forms of "digestive behavior"
      (particularly the "vomitting behavior") and loses its connection with
      dysmorphobic experiences. From the very beginning the syndrome of nervous
      anorexia is connected with affective disturbances, cenesthopathic-hypochondrical
      complaints and a gradual personality deterioration. The schizophrenic defect in
      such cases does not attain the degree of an apathico-abulic syndrome and has
      traits of "organicity".

PMID- 1217377
TI  - [The role of disorders in the functions of the cerebral catecholamine system in
      the pathogenesis of chronic alcoholism].
AB  - The authors studied the functions of central and peripheral catecholamine systems
      in patients with chronic alcoholism. The influence of acute and chronic
      administration of alcohol was studied in experiments in animals as well as its
      discontinuation on the catecholamine structures in different areas of the CNS.
      The obtained data demonstrated that alcohol exerts a specific influence on the
      catecholamine brain systems which has typical regularities. An analysis of the
      acheived results permits to assume that the influence of alcohol on the
      catecholamine brain structures is one of the main links in the pathogenesis of
      chronic alcoholism.

PMID- 1217378
TI  - [The hemiplegic form of episodic hereditary adynamic].
AB  - This form of disturbance seen in 3 generations of one family was not hitherto
      described in literature. The disorder was observed in the proband (35 year old
      female), her father and her son. Special attention is drawn to the clinical
      differences of episodic hereditary adynamia and sporadic forms of hyperkaliemic
      paroxysmal myoplegia. The inheritance was characterized by a autosomn-dominant
      type. There was also homochronicity and homotypicity. The authors are in
      agreement with the concept of Hamstorp concerning the independence of this order.

PMID- 1217379
TI  - [A statistical analysis of the intervals between motor unit impulses in patients
      with myasthenia].
AB  - Motor unit (MU) potentials of m. triceps br. of healthy subjects and patients
      with myasthenia gravis were recorded during slight isometric contractions. MU
      potentials were visually identified, semi-automatically coded and automatically
      led in the digital computer. In myasthenia the mean frequency of the MU
      discharges and SD of the interspike intervals were higher than in healthy states,
      the difference being not great, but significant. The interspike interval
      hystograms of single MUs were unchanged (normal). So the disturbances in pattern
      of motoneurone activity in myasthenia were mild. Proserin raised the muscle
      contraction strength and normalized the interspike interval variability but did
      not lower the frequency of MU discharges. The increase of the frequency may be
      accounted for the reduction of Renshaw inhibition.

PMID- 1217380
TI  - [Motor activity of the small and large intestines of patients with the
      generalized form of myasthenia (an x-ray study)].
AB  - The author studied the intestinocolonic function by X-ray methods in 84 patients
      with generalized myasthenia prior to and following surgical treatment
      (thymectomia). It was established that in myasthenia the intestinal motor
      function in the majority of the patients is decreased. These motor disorders have
      a functional character and are connected with the main disease. They disappear
      after operations as the function of the cross-sectional striped and smooth
      muscles are restituted.

PMID- 1217381
TI  - [Treatment of severe forms of myasthenia with prednisolone and triamcinolone].
AB  - On the basis of a long-term observation of 1000 patients with myasthenia the
      authors stress the necessity of a manifold treatment of this disease with the use
      of anticholinesterase preparations, by correcting the mineral metabolism and by
      influencing the thymus gland. In specially severe cases an intensive hormone
      therapy is recommended with large doses of triamcinolon and prednisolon. In 39
      cases of a severe myasthenia the used treatment was successful. The paper deals
      with theoretical prerequisites and methods of treatment by corticosteroid
      preparations, their combination with other drugs and an optimal appliance of
      hormone therapy with preparations of kalii and veroshpiron.

PMID- 1217382
TI  - [Treatment of paroxysmal myoplegia].
AB  - The paper contains a concise review of the existing methods in the treatment of
      paroxysmal myoplegia. It is tressed that Kalii preparations, aldosterone
      antagonists and diets are not sufficient. The authors report of a stable
      preventive effect of acetozolamide in hypokaliemic forms of myoplegia seen in 5
      patients with frequent attacks and "myopathic" symptoms in some of these cases.
      The possible mechanisms of the action of this preparation is discussed.
      Recommendations are given in respect to the treatment of hyperkaliemic variants
      of the disorder. A typical case history with a good improvement is given as an
      illustration.

PMID- 1217384
TI  - [Electroencephalographic changes in Firedreich's and Pierre-Marie disease].
AB  - The authors analyze in EEG changes seen in 14 patients with Friedreich's ataxia
      and in 7 patients with Pierre Marie ataxia. In all cases there was a changed
      bioelectrical brain activity, more expressed in Friedreich's disease. These
      changes were in the forma of alpha- and beta-activity, in irregular sharp waves
      or groups of slow fluctuations in the theta- and delta-waves. These changes are
      not strictly specific for these disorders. In Pierre Marie's disease there was a
      certain correlation between the duration of the disease and expressiveness of EEG
      changes. In both disorders the expressiveness of the changes were significantly
      influenced by the degree of brain stem lesions.

PMID- 1217385
TI  - [The clinical picture and pathogenesis of spontaneous biceps tendon ruptures in
      syringomyelia patients].
AB  - The report concerns a description of 23 patients with typical syringomyelia with
      ruptures of the distal ligaments of the bicapital muscle and the ligament of its
      long capita. The authors believe that the absence of bone changes, an increase of
      the level of neuramine acid and the titre of hyaluronidase in the blood serum
      testify to the fact that such phenomena may appear in conditions of a segmentaly
      neurodystrophy of connective tissues due to deafferentiation. In this aspect
      ligament ruptures are considered and evaluated for professional fitness and
      diagnosis of the initial or mildly expressed forms of syringomyelia.

PMID- 1217383
TI  - [Congenital cerebellar ataxia (a familial case)].
AB  - Inborn cerebellar ataxia is a very rare disease and current literature contains
      singular reports of familial observations. This report deals with a description
      of a family where the sibs both had inborn cerebellar ataxia. In this particular
      family the disease was inherited according to the recessive type. An examination
      of the parents displayed stem vestibular symptomatology, similar to the changes
      seen in the children. The author is of the opinion that the stem vestibular
      symptomatology seen in the parents may be an expression of heterozygotic
      carriers.

PMID- 1217386
TI  - [Reflex interaction between the visual and skin temperature analyzers in focal
      lesions at the level of the optic thalamus and brain stem].
AB  - The authors convened a clinico-physiological study of the interaction of the
      visual and skin temperature analyzers in patients with disturbed circulation in
      the deep branches of the posterior cerebral artery (the first group) and in
      patients with disturbed circulation in the vertebro-basillar system (the second
      group). Inasmuch as in the first group there was an involvement of thalamic
      structures, the significant disorders connected with disturbances of reflectory
      interaction in the visual and skin-temperature analyzers are presumably related
      to these structures. An insignificant change in the continuing of the visual and
      skin temperature analyzers in disturbances of the brain stem indicate to the
      limited importance of nonspecific structures of this area in the reflectory
      interaction of these analyzers.

PMID- 1217387
TI  - [The mechanism of action of tests of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics].
AB  - By a simultaneous measurement of the venous and CSF pressure it was established
      that in Queckenstedt's test the pressure in the ulnar venes changes very
      insignificantly, while in the Stuckey test it increases by 1.5-2 times. The
      absolute volume of increase of the CSF pressure in different groups of patients
      is influenced by the vascular tone and reactivity of the brain and pial vessels.

PMID- 1217388
TI  - [Acute cerebral circulatory disorders in persons abusing alcohol].
AB  - Fifty patients at the age of 29-74 years, being addicted to alcohol for a long
      time, were investigated in the acute period of brain strokes; in 23 cases the
      diagnosis was verified on sections. It is established that alcoholic intoxication
      accelerates the development of strokes. A stroke in intoxicated individuals often
      develops according to the type of haemorrhage and ends lethally, and in chronic
      alcoholic intoxication the strokes often develop according to the type of
      softening. Attention was paid to the frequency of psychomotor exictation, cardiac
      muscle damage, expressed vascular changes in the eyeground seen already at the
      young age.

PMID- 1217389
TI  - [Cerebral circulatory disorders in acute pneumonia].
AB  - The symptomatology of acute pneumonia was expressed in diverse neurological and
      psychiatric changes, including cerebral circulation. The author conducted clinico
      EEG and EMG correlations in disturbed cerebral circulation due to acute
      pneumonia. An important role in disorders of cerebral circulation is played by
      hypoxia, intoxication and changed metabolism, conditions leading to changed
      functional limbico-hypothalamoreticular complexes and changed vascular
      regulation.

PMID- 1217390
TI  - [A correlation analysis of changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in
      associative speech experiments].
AB  - The paper deals with a correlational analysis of brain biopotentials in the
      process of speech activity in 9 normals and 10 patients with residual symptoms of
      brain strokes. The authors dt and erroneous fulfillment of different types of
      tests (free and determined associations). It was established that in a difficult
      fulfillment of a speech instruction there is a compensatory involvement into the
      activity of the right normal hemisphere.

PMID- 1217391
TI  - [Electroencephalographic findings in mental disorders with an oneiroid syndrome].
AB  - The authors present some results regarding spontaneous bioelectrical brain
      activity and EEG reactions in functional loadings seen in 53 patients with
      oneiroid syndromes of a different nature. In most of the cases there were crude
      pathological changes in the EEG in the form of a disorganization of bioelectrical
      activity, unstable and fragmental registrations and intrahemispheric asymmetry of
      biopotentials. These data are not in correlation with the nozological disorders,
      type of the oneiroid condition, but are in coordination with the character of
      emotional-volutional disturbances which accompany dream-like disorders of
      consciousness. On the basis of stable pathological EEG changes which remain even
      during remissions, the authors come to the conclusion that these changes reflect
      the structural-functional disturbances of the brain which is the basis for the
      development of an oneiroid attack.

PMID- 1217392
TI  - [Differentiation of amentive from catatonic syndromes].
AB  - The authors conducted a comparative analysis of multiple EEG records in 65
      patients with amentia and 35 patients with remittent (periodical) catatonia.
      Besides, background registrations, reactive shifts in the EEG in photo and phono
      stimulation was studied along with a study of introduced substances of a central
      adreno- and cholinolytical action. The quantitative spectres and indices of
      general and relative spacial synchronization were studied as well. The
      neurophysiological disorders in amentia and catatonia besides some common traits
      also demonstrated certain differences. The authors discuss the subcortical and
      stem shifts in the light of the concept of reciprocal ascending influences of
      mesencephalic retiticular formation and nonspecific systems of the midbrain.

PMID- 1217393
TI  - [Determination of the content of DNA synthesizing lymphocytes in PHA stimulated
      blood cultures form schizophrenic patients].
AB  - The author determined the amount of synthezing DNA lymphocytes stimulated by PHA
      in the cultures of the peripheral blood of schizophrenic patients. It was
      established that the amount of lymphocytes, capable of developing a normal
      reaction to PHA in the cell cultures of schizophrenic patients was 18% less than
      in cultures of normal donors.

PMID- 1217394
TI  - [Peripheral blood lymphocyte metabolism in schizophrenic patients].
AB  - The lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of schizophrenic patients and normals
      were parallelly studied for the concentration of pyruvic and lactic acid, LDH
      activity an succinatedehydrogenase, glutamatoxalate and glutamate
      pyruvattransaminase. It was established that in the cells of schizophrenic
      patients compared to normals there was an increased concentration of pyruvic
      acid, while the LDH activity was decreased. The remaining indices did not differ
      from normals. The achieved data permit to assume that the accumulation of pyruvic
      acid in the lymphocytes of schizophrenic patients is due to a drop of the LDH
      activity in the cells. The oxydative transition of pyruvic acid, as well as the
      processes of transamination play an insignificant role in the metabolism of these
      cells.

PMID- 1217396
TI  - [Palmar dermatoglyphics of schizophrenic patients].
AB  - The paper deals with a study of palmar dermatoglyphics in 1120 schizophrenic
      patients with different forms of its development. As a control group 1240 normals
      were studied as well. The females displayed an increased frequency of patterns
      Au/Ac on the hypothenar and defective patterns on the thenar. Among the males
      there was an increased amount of displasia, genuine and defective patterns on the
      thenar, of the loops in III interfinger spaces. These differences are encountered
      more frequently in patients with progressive forms of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1217395
TI  - [Fluctuations in the memory capacity of patients with schizophrenia and traumatic
      psychoses].
AB  - The authors studied fluctuations of the memory volume on the basis of the
      original method of the memory analysis using 50 series which consist of 10 words
      following each other in every 30 seconds. Three groups included normals,
      schizophrenic patients (paranoid form, the initial stage of remission) and
      patients with posttraumatical psychosis in the period of recovery. It was
      demonstrated that the level of the memory volume fluctuations was over and with a
      greater swing in the patients than in the normals. The lowest memory level was
      found in the patients with traumatical pscyhoses.

PMID- 1217397
TI  - [Results of a continuous study of a population of schizophrenic patients more
      than 60-years-old, registered at Moscow Psychoneurologic Dispensary No. 2].
AB  - The authors conducted an overall study of schizophrenic patients, older than 60
      years of age and registered in one of the Moscow dispensaries. It was
      demonstrated that the elderly amount to 17% of the whole schizophrenic population
      in the given dispensary. The percentage of late schizophrenia (16.7%) is
      relatively high, although the percentage of them in a hospital population is even
      higher (27-35%). The sex ratio demonstrated a larger amount of women (1 : 3). 90%
      of all the studied patients at the moment of examination were at home, while 33%
      were never admitted to hospitals. Among the studied contingent there was a high
      percentage of patients with a regressive development of the process and a
      stabilization with a tendency towards its obliviation. The study contains some
      data necessary for further investigations concerning the adaptational
      possibilities and physical state of these patients. The obtained information
      require correlations with data on the general population of this region in the
      same age periods.

PMID- 1217398
TI  - [The therapeutic efficacy of pyrazidol in depressive states].
AB  - A total of 125 depressive patients were treated by pyrasidol. It was depicted
      that this drug is an antidepressant with a marked tranquillizing component
      activity. It does not cause complications and marked side-effects. Its use is
      more effective in an anxiety-depressive syndrome, within manic-depressive
      psychosis, vascular and organic damages of the CNS, somatogenic and reactive
      depressions. Pyrasidol can also be used in the treatment of depressive patients
      of the elderly, somatic patients and physically weaked ones.

PMID- 1217399
TI  - [The antiparkinson activity of gludantan (preliminary report)].
AB  - A total of 33 patients with different forms of parkinsonism were treated by a new
      original antiparkinsonic preparation Gludantane synthesized at the Institute of
      Organic Synthesis of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. The authors demonstrated a
      higher antiparkinsonic activity of this drug compared to cholinolytical
      preparations and midantane and the possibility of achieving a better
      therapeutical effect in a combination of gludantane with other antiparkinsonic
      drugs. The preparation appeared to be effective in different etiological forms of
      parkinsonism. However, its highest effect was in the rigid and rigid-trembling
      forms, and less effective in trembling-rigid forms and not effective in the
      trembling form. Gludantane is practically devoid of side-effects and is well
      tolerated by patients.

PMID- 1217400
TI  - [Dynamics of neuropsychological symptomatics following endovascular surgical
      interventions].
AB  - The paper is concerned with the neuropsychological symptomatology due to arterio
      venous cerebral vascular aneurysmas. The authors report of the development of
      such signs following occlusions of the afferent vessells in aneurysmas in 19
      patients. The study permitted to distinguish the possible genesis of disturbed
      cerebral functions which are related directly with the aneurysm localization and
      with intracerebral hematomas, as well as with the hemodynamical factors. The
      authors diplay the changed structure of the neuropsychological syndrome in
      reconstructed cerebral circulation following arterial occlusion, supplying the
      aneurysma. The achieved data allow one to consider the clinicopsychological
      method as a rather refined indicator of reconstructed cerebral circulation.

PMID- 1217401
TI  - [Mental disorders in patients with vascular aphasia].
AB  - The author conducted a study of some personality traits in 30 patients with
      different forms of vascular aphasia with the aid of a polar profile test. The
      questionnaire had 16 polar qualities. According to each of these criteria 2
      scales were formed: prior to and following the disease. Two main types of
      personality changes wered noted: pseudoneutrotic disorders of a different degree
      (in patients with articular motor and sensory aphasia) and moderately or slightly
      expressed symptoms of apatho-abulia (in patient with expressed motor and mixed
      motor-sensory aphasia).

PMID- 1217402
TI  - [Intracerebral hemorrhages with lesions of the extracranial portions of the
      carotid and vertebral arteries and arteries of the base of the brain].
AB  - The study deals with the clinico-anatomical examination of 75 cases of
      hemorrhagic strokes where diagnostical and therapeutical surgical measures were
      performed. Arterial hypertension was found in 73 cases. In 35 cases there were
      changes in the extra- and intracranial areas of the carotid and vertebral
      arteries and arteries of the brain basis. In almost all the cases after surgical
      interferences there were repeated disorders of brain circulation which were much
      more rarely seen in patients without the above-mentioned pathology. The reported
      results indicate the importance of a special study of the magistral cerebral
      arteries and the brain basis with hemorrhagical strokes for criteria of a
      necessity of operations in intracranial hemorrhages.

PMID- 1217403
TI  - [Pseudoneurotic states in patients with transient cerebral circulatory
      disorders].
AB  - The authors describe clinical manifestations of pseudoneurotic states and
      vegetative paroxysms in 78 patients with transient disturbances of brain
      circulation which appeared due to hypertensive disease and atherosclerosis. The
      special studies (EEG, REG, determination of catecholamine excretion) showed that
      pseudoneurotic states and paroxysmal vegetative disturbances depend on the state
      of brain circulation and functional activity of the sympathetico-adrenal system.
      The authors attempt to differentiate pseudoneurotic and paroxysmal vegetative
      disorders in transient disturbances of brain circulation from neuroses and
      initial dysfunction of the vegetative structures.

PMID- 1217404
TI  - [The structure of nocturnal sleep in stroke].
AB  - The paper deals with a polygraphic study of night sleep in 44 patients who had
      cerebral strokes with a different localization of the focus, in 10 patients with
      atherosclerosis and hypertensive disease (the control group). The structure of
      sleep following strokes was seriously imparied. Besides general traits, the
      changes were specific depending upon the focus of lesion. Differences were also
      displayed in patients with lesions of either the right or left hemisphere and
      their relationship with the opposition. The author stresses the importance of
      studying the interrelationship of sleep structure. It is assumed that
      disturbances in the sleep structure of the patients who have suffered from
      strokes are of importance in the rehabilitative period.

PMID- 1217405
TI  - [Topical diagnosis of cerebral vein thromboses].
AB  - The presentation is concerned with the neurological symptomatology of brain
      venous thrombosis (39 cases from literature sources and 22 cases of personal
      experience). On the basis of such investigations and a large amount of verified
      cases of thrombosis, the author attempts to establish the most characteristic
      topical signs of lesions in separate groups of veins. The pathophysiological
      mechanisms underlying difficulties in topical diagnostics are discussed.

PMID- 1217406
TI  - [Age and blood coagulation characteristics in cerebral circulatory disorders].
AB  - The paper deals with the results of some indices of an extensified coagulogramme
      in disorders of cerebral circulation in 246 patients younger than 45 years and in
      242 older than 55. In both groups, irrespective of the character of the stroke in
      the acute phase there was a tendency towards hypercoagulation which was more
      expressed in individuals up to 45 years. Besides, an increased tendency of
      coagulative blood properties in the acute phase, there was an earlier and
      significant activation of faibrinolysis in the subacute and rehabilitative period
      seen in the young individuals. In the elderly group an increase of fibrinolytic
      activity was unproportional to the increase of coagulant blood properties. This
      disproportion was seen in an ischemic stroke.

PMID- 1217407
TI  - [The condition of the sympatho-adrenal system and blood coaglability in cerebral
      vascular crises].
AB  - The author presents the results of a parallel study of the sympathetico-adrenal
      system state and blood coagulation in 140 patients with hypertensive disease,
      cerebral atherosclerosis and initial arterial hypotensive disease with cerebro
      vascular crises. An increase of catecholamine excretion with the urine and of
      blood coagulation in the majority of the patients during the crisis was found.
      The activity of the sympathetico-adrenal system was higher due to the hormonal
      chain (the quantity of excreted adrenalin exceeded the noradrenalin quantity).
      The obtained data testified to a possible participation of the sympathetico
      adrenal system in the appearance of hypercoagulational tendencies of the blood
      and to a development of cerebrovascular crisis.

PMID- 1217408
TI  - [Indirect assessment of the state of cerebral circulation by the method of
      superficial temporal artery oscillography].
AB  - With the aid of modified semiconductors in tensometric devices it was possible by
      oscillography to register different parameters of blood pressure (the maximum and
      medium) in the superficial temporal arteries bilaterally. In combination with REG
      it makes it possible to fully assess the condition of brain circulation by an
      indirect method.

PMID- 1217409
TI  - [Super-slow oscillations of cerebral biopotentials in patients with transient
      circulatory disorders in vertebral-basilar basin].
AB  - The paper deals with a study of 30 patients with transient disorders of
      circulation in the vertebro-basillar basin. Besides the routine methods of
      clinico-laboratorial examinations, for the first time in neurological practice a
      new method of electrophysiological registration was used: superslow fluctuations
      of the brain biopotentials. The patients were examined during the interattack
      period. According to the character of changes in the superslow brain activity the
      patients were divided into 3 groups. It was possible to establish that the
      characteristics of superslow fluctuations in the brain biopotentials correlates
      with the state of the activity of adaptive-regulative brain mechanisms. This
      condition is reflected in the frequency, duration and severity of transient
      vascular episodes. Such data permit to clarify some pathogenetical mechanisms in
      the development of transient disorders of cerebral circulation.

PMID- 1217410
TI  - [Clinico-electromyographic studies in the scalenus syndrome].
AB  - The authors report of some data concerning clinical and EMG studies of patients
      with the scalenus syndrome. These studies permitted to depict the main
      pathogenetical mechanisms lying at the basis of the motor dysfunctions in these
      patients. The authors traced the changes prior to and after surgical operations
      found in the electrogenesis and symptomatology of motor disorders in patients
      with the scalenus syndrome. The achieved data have a certain significance for
      diagnostical and prognostical purposes.

PMID- 1217411
TI  - [The pathogenesis of psychomotor epilepsy (a histochemical study of a penicillin
      epileptic focus in the rat hippocampus)].
AB  - By the aid of histochemical methods the authors sutdied the activity and
      distribution of acetylcholinesterase, monoamineoxidase, glutamatedehydrogynase
      and gammaaminobutyric acid -- transferase in the dorsal hypocampus of rats. It
      was shown that the activity of all the studied enzymes are significantly changed
      following 0.5 and 1.5 hours and are restituted following 48 hours after the
      formation of a pathological focus. It is concluded that a drop in the activity of
      glutamatedehydrogenase and gammaaminobutyric acid may be directed toward an
      accumulation of gammaaminobutyric acid in the epileptogenic focus and an
      inhibition of its activity. A drop in the histochemical reaction to
      acetylcholinesterase may indicate a decrease in the functions of the cholinergic
      systems with an active epileptogenic focus in the hypocampus.

PMID- 1217412
TI  - [A clinico-immunologic study of epileptic children and adolescents and their
      relatives].
AB  - The presentation is concerned with a study of immunological shifts in epileptic
      children and in their relatives. These changes were detected with the aid of a
      complement fixation test in the blood serum of 5 epileptic patients and 103
      relatives. It was established that in epileptic patients the brain autoantigens
      were found in 30,8% of the cases, the antibrain antibodies in 7.7%. There was no
      correlation between the frequency of the detected brain antigens in the blood
      serum of the sick children, the sex, duration of the disease, hereditary loading
      and the genesis of epilepsy. Autoimmune shifts were seen in 28.15% of the cases
      in the blood of the relatives. Autoimmune shifts were found in the families of
      such children with autoimmune changes in 52.9% while among the relatives --
      without autoimmune changes in 15.9% of the cases.

PMID- 1217413
TI  - [Alterations in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme spectrum
      in the blood of patients with epilepsy].
AB  - The paper is concerned with the general activity of LDH and the spectre of its
      isoenzymes which was determined by different techniques in the blood serum of
      adult epileptic patients, epileptic children and adolescents between seizures, as
      well as in adult patients during and at different periods after covulsive fits.
      It was established that the general activity of LDH and the percent content of
      isoenzymes LDH-I in the blood serum of adult epileptic patients is less compared
      to epileptic children and adolescents and normals. During convulsive fits the
      general activity of LDH and LDH-I in the blood serum increases, which is
      indicative of an intensification of glycolytic processes.

PMID- 1217414
TI  - [The relationship between features of perceptive activity and the clinical
      characteristics of epilepsy patients].
AB  - The author reports of convened studies concerning 32 epileptic patients and 30
      normals (the control group) by the Rorschach method in correlation with clinical
      studies. Statistically significant differences were obtained in these groups of
      examinees. The study contains some data of the perceptive activity of epileptic
      patients in the light of psychopathological features inherent in these patients.

PMID- 1217415
TI  - [The relative role of heredity and environment in genuine and symptomatic
      epilepsy].
AB  - The authors conducted a clinico-genetical study of 110 patients with symptomatic,
      181 patients with genuine epilepsy and 236 normals of the general population. The
      study demonstrated the inadequacy of the alternative "inheritance--environment"
      in epilepsy. The frequency of epilepsy and disorders of an epileptic range in the
      relatives of patients with symptomatic epilepsy and partial seizures was less
      than in the relatives of patients with genuine epilepsy with generalized
      seizures. But they were significantly higher than in the general population. In
      symptomatic epilepsy in a rather large amount of cases (59.7%) there was a
      hereditary loading, while in patients with a definite hereditary loading in 36.4%
      of the cases of special significance were different exogenous factors. The
      results demonstrated the interaction of inheritance and environment and their
      influence on the age of appearance of fits and the degree of severity of
      epilepsy.

PMID- 1217416
TI  - [The differential-diagnostic value of evoked potentials in depressive patients
      according to discriminant analysis findings].
AB  - The authors conducted a discriminant analysis of visual evoked potentials in
      depressive patients and in normals. The depressive syndrome was correctly
      diagnosed in 76--90% of the cases. The main role in the diagnosis of such cases
      belongs to interhemispheric correlational connections in the frontal brain areas.
      Between these connections there was an intercompensatory relationship. It was
      possible to demonstrate some traits of intrahemispheric connections in the left
      hemisphere of normals and in the right hemisphere of the depressed patients.
      Certain tendencies were marked in the distribution of patients according to the
      expressiveness of affective disorders.

PMID- 1217417
TI  - [Syndrome formation and syndrome shifts in manic-depressive psychoses beginning
      after 40-years of age].
AB  - The author performed a clinical study of 492 depressive, 127 manic and 46 double
      phases in 150 patients with manic-depressive psychosis where the disorder
      manifested itself after the age of 40 with an average duration of the disease of
      about 10 years. Some general regularities in the syndrome formation and syndrome
      modifications of the depressive (from subdepressive to endogenous, anxious and
      delusional depressions) and manic (from hypo and endogenous mania to angry,
      aproductive mania with pseudoparalytical and senile like traits) syndromes were
      displayed. It was demonstrated that supplementary factors facilitated such
      changes as well. The acheived data permitted to qualify longitudinaly more
      precisely the manic-depressive psychosis during involution as well as to
      determine the frequency of separate symptoms in each depressive or manic phase.

PMID- 1217418
TI  - [The neurotropic and autoimmune activity of the serum of patients with psychoses
      of old age and patients with schizophrenia].
AB  - In order to define the specificity of neurotropic and autoimmune activity in
      blood serum of schizophrenic patients the authors studied the existence of such
      biological signs in another group of patients with mental disorders of a
      nonschizophrenic etiology: Pick's and Alzheimer's disease. It was established
      that to neurotropic and autoimmune activity the blood serum of atrophic patients
      do not differ according to these signs from schizophrenic patients. At the same
      time it was established that in the nonschizophrenic group the neurotropic and
      autoimmune activity intercorrelated. A high neurotropic activity can be seen in
      those patients who display antibrain antibodies in the blood. In the group of
      schizophrenic patients such correlations were not demonstrated. It is assumed
      that the neurotropic and autoimmune processes in the organism of schizophrenic
      patients develop independently.

PMID- 1217419
TI  - [A comparative analysis of Soviet and American psychiatry].

PMID- 1217420
TI  - N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase of Vi phage III.
AB  - 1. A lytic enzyme was isolated from Vi phage III-induced lysate of Salmonella
      typhi, and purified about 200-fold by chromatography on IRC-50, CM-cellulose, and
      Sephadex G-75 columns. 2. Both E. coli B murein and muropeptide C6 were digested
      on incubation with the lytic enzyme. The main product of murein and muropeptide
      C6 digestion is identical with tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-DAP-Ala. The release of amino
      groups during digestion was not accompanied by the appearance of either reducing
      groups or hexosamines. 3. It is concluded that Vi phage III-induced lytic enzyme
      is N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase, which cleaves the amide bond between N
      acetylmuramic acid and L-alanine.

PMID- 1217421
TI  - Borohydride-reducible components in soluble collagen irradiated with gamma rays
      in solution.
AB  - 1. Irradiation with 100 krad of gamma rays of neutral-salt-soluble rat skin
      collagen decreased the content of aldol cross-links by a factor of three, whereas
      it did not affect the content of allysine. 2. On reduction with tritiated sodium
      borohydride, five new components were detected showing different stability
      towards acid and alkali.

PMID- 1217422
TI  - Bacterial carotenoids. XLVIII. Total syntheses of carotenes of the 1,2-dihydro
      series.
AB  - The total syntheses of 1,2,7,8,1',2',7',8'-octahydro-psi,psi-carotene (1),
      1,2,7,8-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene (2), 1,2,1',2'-tetradehydro-psi,psi-carotene
      (3), 1,2-dihydro-psi,psi-carotene (4), 1,2-dihydor-3,4-didehydro-psi,psi-carotene
      (5), and 1,2,1',2'-tetrahydro-3,4,3',4'-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene (6) are
      described. The properties of products and intermediates, including the three new
      apocarotenals 1,2,7,8-tetrahydro-12'-apo-psi-caroten-12'-al (20), 1,2-dihydro-8'
      apo-pse-caroten-8'-al (25), and 1,2-dihydro-3,4-didehydro-8'-apo-psi-carotene-8'
      al (32), are reported. A fragment ion at M68 on electron impact appears to be
      characteristic for carotenoids with a 1,2,7,8-tetrahydro end-group.

PMID- 1217423
TI  - Action of propranolol on mitochondrial proton fluxes.
AB  - The action of propranolol, a Beta-blocking adrenergic agent, on mitochondrial
      proton fluxes in nonenergized and energized conditions has been studied. 1. The
      drug inhibited the actions of valinomycin, higericin and FCCP on the inner
      mitochondrial membrane. 2. It decreased the rate and extent of active energized
      proton expulsion and passive collapse of the proton gradient so formed. 3.
      Propranolol was able to increase the permeation of chloride ion through the inner
      mitochondrial membrane in nonenergized and energized conditions. 4. The drug
      inhibited mitochondrial contraction but stimulated swelling in various
      conditions. It is suggested that propranolol is is able to change the proton and
      chloride permeabilities of mitochondria by perturbing the structure of inner
      membrane phospholipids, thus enlarging the water-lipid interface.

PMID- 1217425
TI  - Surgical training in the United Kingdom with special reference to the role of the
      Royal Surgical Colleges.

PMID- 1217424
TI  - Adenylyl cyclase in isolated plasma membranes of granulation tissue.

PMID- 1217426
TI  - [Infra-fascial ligation of incompetent perforating veins for cure of varicose
      ulcer (author's transl)].
AB  - This is a series of 141 varicoses ulcers operated within 3 years (1971 to 1974),
      all with infra-fascial ligation of incompetent perforating veins (technique of
      Cockett-Linton). The author describes 3 combined methods used to obtain the most
      precise diagnosis of the venous insufficiency: A. Careful physical examination
      for axial or perforating imcompetence. B. Systematic phlebography for search of
      deep networks, of perforating veins and discovery of particular superficial
      venous networks. C. Ultrasonic Doppler technique for search of incompetent
      perforating veins. Surgical cure is described, based on this precise diagnosis,
      aiming at ligation of axial and of perforating veins under the fascia, level with
      the deep network. The results are encouraging as there were only 3 recurrences
      within 3 years after the 141 operations. These were reoperated after
      phlebographic control.

PMID- 1217428
TI  - [Explorative laparotomy with splenectomy in malignant lymphomas (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Between January 1, 1971 and February 1, 1974, 31 patients have undergone
      laparotomy for staging of a malignant lymphoma, Hobgkin or not. Laparotomy
      consisted in a median incision, above and below the umbilicus allowing multiple
      node biopsies, hepatic and splenic biopsies. In 17 cases out of 31, i.e. 54%
      preoperative clinical stage was changed by this explorative pathology. Among
      untreated cases, the most frequent change was from a low to a higher stage and
      inversely, among treated cases, most frequent changes were from plus towards
      minus. Postoperative mortality is nill and morbidity 5/31, i.e. 16%. This
      technique yields better definition of the degree of lymphoma extension, in
      particular intra-abdominal, and thus allows better treatment. The author thus
      commends explorative laparotomy with splenectomy for all malignant lymphomas,
      Hodgkin or not, except for stage IV, proven biopsy.

PMID- 1217427
TI  - [Pulmonary arterio-venous aneurysm and fistula (author's transl)].
AB  - Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysms and fistulae (PAF) can appear in people with or
      without hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectases (HHT). There is a 3 to 6% chance to
      find PAF in members of a family with HHT and 17% chance to find PAF in a patient
      himself with HHT. The authors present the cases of 6 patients with PAF, 13 to 64
      years old, all treated surgically. In this group there are as many males as
      females. Three patients with HHT had nose bleeding and hemangiomas in their
      family history. Three patients had dyspnoea on exertion and insufficient oxygen
      saturation. Two patients had neurological symptoms; four had extracardiac murmur.
      Location was 3 times in the inferior lobe, twice in the superior and once in the
      middle pulmonary lobe. Surgical treatment can be indicated for a clinical or
      roentgenological progression, for an important right-to-left shunt or for
      existing or anticipated complications such as hemorrhages, thrombosis with
      embolism and central nervous system disorders with cerebral abscess. For these
      reasons, surgical excision is also advisable in asymptomatic patients, where
      diffuse bilateral lesions are to be expected, that recur frequently. The authors
      performed one wedge resection, three segmental resections and two lobectomies.

PMID- 1217429
TI  - [Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm report of eleven cases (author's transl)].
AB  - This is a report of 11 cases of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm, 8 left, 2
      right and 1 bilateral. In 10 cases the rupture occurred in multiple trauma
      victims of a violent accident. In one exceptional case a right rupture occurred
      after a minor trauma; it was followed by herniation of the right colon and half
      of tranverse, the liver remaining in the abdomen. The mechanisms and types of
      ruptures are analyzed. Early diagnosis is possible if one is conscious of the
      clinical signs in all cases of thoracic and abdominal trauma, and when correct
      and repeated roentgenograms are made of the thorax. If there is a doubt,
      digestive roentgenograms with contrast medium, pneumoperitoneum and a hepatic
      scintigram can confirm the diagnosis. In our cases diagnosis was set before
      operation 10 times in 11. Diaphragmatic rupture can cause serious complications:
      respiratory insufficiency, shock, intestinal occlusion and necrosis by
      strangulation. Operative indication is absolute as soon as the patient is out of
      shock, that the rupture be large or small, diagnosed early or late. The abdominal
      approach is best if operation is early, especially if one suspects associated
      abdominal lesions. Thoractomy is considered if the rupture is old. Mortality is
      not negligible (20%) partly because of associated fractures and visceral lesions.

PMID- 1217430
TI  - Oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions in healing tissue.
AB  - Oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions were studied in experimental granulation
      tissue growing into a thin sheet of cellulose sponge. Both the base-line PO2 and
      the response in oxygen tension to pure O2-breathing were highest in 7-day-old
      implants, displaying a slight decrease as the healing progressed. Lower tissue
      carbon dioxide tensions and oxygen consumption rates were noticed also in older
      implants. The oxygen tension gradient between the wound fluid and the edge of the
      granulation tissue in cylindrical cellulose sponge implants decreased as the
      healing progressed.

PMID- 1217431
TI  - Granulation tissue formation in viscose cellulose sponges of different design.
AB  - Granulation tissue formation was studied in subcutaneously implanted viscose
      cellulose sponges of different design using histological and chemical methods.
      Two different models of sponges were used, one of cubical shape and another
      rectangular and thin. The sponges had the same weight. After one week of
      implantation, histological examination of the cubical sponges showed granulation
      tissue only in the periphery and a central cavity filled with inflammatory cells.
      The histological texture of the thin sponges showed that they were almost
      completely filled with granulation tissue with a minimal central cavity and very
      few inflammatory cells. DNA values of the cubical sponges were about 20% higher
      than those of the thin sponges. After aspiration of the exudate in the  cubical
      sponges, the DNA values were about the same as those in the thin sponges. The
      amount of hydroxyproline and RNA were about the same regardless of whether the
      sponges were cubic or thin or the exudate of the cubic sponges had been aspirated
      or not. At two weeks there was still a central cavity in the cubic sponges but
      very few inflammatory cells. DNA values at this time of observation were also the
      same in both models of sponges. Thus the thin-shaped model of sponge seems to be
      preferable to the cubic one when the time of observation is shorter than two
      weeks.

PMID- 1217432
TI  - Granulation tissue formation in oophorectomized rats treated with female sex
      hormones. I. A histological study.
AB  - Granulation tissue formation was studied in experimental granulomas up to three
      weeks in oophorectomized rats treated with female sex hormones. The influence of
      estrogen and progesterone during the early phase of healing could sucessfully be
      followed histologically. The amount of DNA and hemoglobin in the granulomas
      correlated well with the amount of cells and the capillary bed found in the
      histological sections.

PMID- 1217433
TI  - Granulation tissue formation in oophorectomized rats treated with female sex
      hormones. II. Studies on the amount of collagen and on tensile strength.
AB  - The content of hydroxyproline and tensile strength of granulation tissue was
      studied in oophorectomized rats treated with female sex hormones. Estrogen alone
      caused a slight decrease of hydroxyproline, but had no effect on the tensile
      strength of the granulation tissue at one week. Progesterone alone or in
      combination with estrogen decreased the content of hydroxyproline and the tensile
      strength of the granulation tissue up to one week in the case of progesterone
      treated animals and up to two weeks in the case of animals treated with the
      combination of the hormones. At one week no direct correlation was found between
      the amount of hydroxyproline and the tensile strength of granulation tissue in
      oophorectomized rats treated with estrogen and progesterone in combination.

PMID- 1217434
TI  - Postoperative replacement doses of sodium-L-thyroxine in patients with thyroid
      carcinomas.
AB  - The serum concentration of thyroxine and triiodothyronine, measured by a
      radioimmunoassay technique, was followed during replacement therapy of l
      thyroxine in 10 totally thyroidectomized patients in order to evaluate the
      clinical usefulness of the assay for the estimation of the optimal replacement
      dose. The results indicate that the optimal dose of l-thyroxine yields a serum
      concentration of l-thyroxine in the high toxic range, without causing thyrotoxic
      symptoms. The concentration of triiodothyronine is simultaneously on the
      borderline to the toxic range. It is thus necessary to follow the concentration
      of triiodothyronine during substitution in order to titrate the optimal
      replacement dose of l-thyroxine. The determination of thyroxine in serum is of
      secondary value for this purpose.

PMID- 1217435
TI  - Long-term follow-up of patients with peripheral arterial obliterations treated
      with arterial surgery.
AB  - This paper presents the long-term results of 221 thrombendarterectomy operations
      during the period 1955-61, and of 86 femoro-popliteal venous bypass operations
      during the period 1961-64. The indication for surgery was in the majority of the
      patients disabling claudication. When pain at rest or ulceration was present,
      arterial reconstruction was performed even when the outlook for a lasting result
      was poor. Preoperatively a major amputation seemed inevitable in 31 limbs.
      Thirteen of these are considered to have been saved by the operation. After
      aortoiliac thrombendarterectomy patent arteries were found in 80% of the
      extremities after one year and in 48% after 10 years. Forty-five per cent of the
      extremities were patent on re-examination or remained patent until death. After
      fermoro-popliteal thrombendarterectomy, 61% of the arteries were patent after one
      year and 26% after 10 years. Thirty-nine per cent of the arteries were patent on
      re-examination or remained patent until death. After femoro-popliteal venous
      bypass, 88% of the grafts were patent after one year and 58% after 5 years. Forty
      nine per cent of the grafts were patent on re-examination or remained patent
      until death. The postoperative mortality was small (4.4% after aortoiliac surgery
      and 2.0% after femoro-popliteal surgery), and mostly caused by widespread
      atherosclerosis in other parts of the arterial system. On re-examination 8 to 16
      years after the operation, 63% of the patient were dead. Almost 50% of the deaths
      were caused by coronary heart disease, 17% by cerebrovascular catastrophes, and
      13% by other manifestations of atherosclerotic disease. The results are
      discussed, and it is concluded that long-term results after vascular surgery may
      be favourable. Peripheral atherosclerosis is, however, a local manifestation of a
      generalized disease. The indications for reconstructive arterial surgery should
      therefore be relatively restricted.

PMID- 1217436
TI  - Postoperative changes in bypass vein grafts and collateral arteries after
      femoropopliteal arterial reconstructive surgery.
AB  - Postoperative changes in the bypass veins and collateral arteries after
      femoropopliteal arterial reconstructive surgery were evaluated on the basis of
      control arteriographic studies. Arteriographies were made in 87 cases after
      venous bypass reconstruction. There were three aneurysms during the follow-up.
      Ten of the 69 patent bypass veins showed multiple stenotic lesions one to six
      months after surgery. It was assumed that these changes were caused by intimal
      hyperplasia. There was a statistically significant decrease in the size of the
      profunda femoris artery when the reconstruction was functioning at the time of
      control arteriography. However, no significant decrease was found in the group in
      which the reconstruction failed before one year postoperatively. Similar
      observations were made regarding the size and number of the midzone and re-entry
      collateral vessels.

PMID- 1217438
TI  - Bile peritonitis in acute cholecystitis.
AB  - In a series of 20 patients with bile peritonitis seen during a 15-year period, 15
      were men and 5 women, with an average of 72 years. They represented 1.8% of 1123
      patients with acute cholecystitis admitted during the same period. Three patients
      were not operated upon and all died, while 5 of 17 operated patients died. The
      high mortality rate is due to a delay in diagnosis and treatment. Early operative
      treatment of acute cholecystitis should be resorted to whenever possible.

PMID- 1217437
TI  - Development of portsoystemic shunts after subcutaneous and extraperitoneal
      transposition of resected spleen.
AB  - After subcutaneous transposition of the spleen in rats a rapid development of
      portosystemic collaterals occurs. It is demonstrated that variations in types and
      extent of splenic resection and in location after transposition lead to
      differences in collateral development. It is shown that the hilus portion of the
      spleen is the most important part to preserve. Extraperitonealization leads to
      less collateral development than does transposition to the subcutis.

PMID- 1217439
TI  - The role of scintigraphy in detection of liver metastases from gastrointestinal
      carcinomas.
AB  - In 61 patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas the results of liver scintigraphy
      with 99mTc sulphur colloid were correlated with the results from operations or
      autopsies. Agreement was obtained in 90% of patients. Compared with celiac
      angiographic findings, scintigraphy of the liver was considerably more reliable
      in indicating liver metastases of gastrointestinal carcinomas.

PMID- 1217440
TI  - Congenital duodenal adhesions.
AB  - Four cases of congenital duodenal adhesions are reported. Primary treatment was
      the freeing of adhesions, but gastrojejunostomy was also necessary in one
      patient. The patients have now been followed for from 6 months to 3 1/2 years
      after operation, and are all well. Diagnois is difficult and can be confused with
      ulcer. In 2 patients, preoperative differential diagnois included duodenal
      adhesions, but the other 2 patients underwent laparotomy on the prospective
      diagnosis of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1217441
TI  - Studies on small intestinal obstruction. V. Blood circulation in moderately
      distended small bowel.
AB  - Feline small-bowel circulation was studied during in vitro homologous perfusion
      of denervated intestine upon artificial distension to 20 mmHg for a 60-minute
      period. Delayed compliance was observed, and distension evoked contractile bowel
      activity; each bowel contraction was accompanied by a decrease in blood-flow
      rate, whereas bowel relaxations coincided with augmentations of flow. Artificial
      distension diminished blood flow, denoting a 50-60% increase of regional vascular
      resistance, and elicited variable capillary filtration coefficient (CFC)
      responses, on the average a 45-50% reduction of the perfused capillary surface
      area, but did not affect the oxygen consumption rate. After release of the
      distension, the enhancement of vascular resistence persisted and even increased,
      whereas CFC returned to control level. Control experiments involving homologous
      perfusion but no artificial distension also featured some resistence augmentation
      and CFC reduction. The effects of homologous perfusion  on bowel haemodynamics
      and viability are discussed; though the experimental procedure may occasion some
      degree of haemodynamic impariment, present observations and previous reports
      suggest that bowel viability is not significantly affected. It is concluded from
      the present study that a sustained and moderate distension of nonobstructed
      feline small bowel, perfused in vitro, involves no threat to the microcirculation
      or the viability of the bowel.

PMID- 1217442
TI  - Studies on small intestinal obstruction. VI. Blood circulation in moderately
      distended small bowel after obstruction.
AB  - Feline small-bowel circulation was studied during in vitro homologous perfusion
      of denervated intestine after in vivo obstruction. The bowel specimens showed
      delayed compliance and, when compared with non-obstructed specimens, enhanced
      distensibility. Bowel specimens investigated during continuous distension had a
      normal regional vascular resistance and a normal capillary filtration coefficient
      (CFC) but a somewhat decreased oxygen utilization; artificial distension to 20
      mmHg caused a resistance enhancement and a profound (80-90%) reduction of CFC but
      did not prevent oxygen consumption from attaining normal levels. An artificial
      distension occasions an augmentation of regional vascular resistance, whereas the
      distension caused by intestinal obstruction does not; the significance of this
      observation is discussed. Bowel specimens investigated after intra-operative
      decompression showed normal vascular resistance, normal CFC and normal oxygen
      consumption; artificial distension to 20 mmHg produced a resistance enhancement
      and a moderate (40-50%) reduction of CFC; oxygen consumption was not affected.
      Thus, an intra-operative decompression involves no augmentation of regional
      vascular resistance and seems to increase the ability of the capillary bed to
      withstand, with retained function, a renewed distension. After release of the
      distension, flow reduction and resistance enhancement persisted, whereas CFC
      returned to basal values in both groups of specimens; oxygen consumption remained
      on stable levels. It is emphasized that the persisting augmentation of resistance
      observed after decompression of the bowel is related to the in vitro situation,
      whereas in vivo intra-opertive decompression of obstructed bowel seems to involve
      no consequences of this kind. Some experiments featured fluid output to the gut
      lumen in the post-distension period; this observation is discussed. A normal rate
      of oxygen utilization accompanied the profound reduction of perfused capillary
      surface area noted in obstructed gut upon a moderate additional distension;
      possible mechanisms underlying this finding are discussed. It is concluded from
      the present study that a simple small-bowel obstruction, although not per se
      involving any serious threat to the bowel viability, renders the gut wall
      vulnerable to any further increment of distension or ischaemia. It is suggested
      that this is mainly the result of enhanced distensibility in the wall of the
      obstructed gut.

PMID- 1217443
TI  - Experimental ischaemia of the small intestine. Effect of antibiotic and
      antithrombotic drugs on the mucosal exchange circulation.
AB  - Factors of decisive importance for the fate of the intestine following
      circulatory occlusion incluse the bacterial flora of the intestine, intravascular
      thrombosis peripheral to the level of occlusion, and the capacity of the
      collateral circulation. Standardized ischaemia of the small intestine was
      produced in the rat by ligation of a given number of mesentric end arcades. The
      passive absorption of radioiodide from a defined, central loop within the
      ischaemic intestinal segment-as an expression of the exchange circulation of the
      intestinal mucosa-was determined 14 days after induction of the ischaemia.
      Different forms of treatment were studied. In Sprague-Dawley rats the effect of
      heparin, oxitetracycline (OCD) and a combination of these two drugs was examined
      both concerning the survival of the animals and with regard to the available
      exchange circulation in the mucosa of the ischaemic intestinal segment. The
      survival frequency was increased in all treatment groups. The exchange
      circulation in the ischaemic segment was improved significantly by ODC-treatment
      and by treatment with heparin and ODC combined. Treatment with heparin alone gave
      no improvement of the mucosal circulation.

PMID- 1217444
TI  - Early changes in the serum activity of ornithine carbamoyl transferase in
      patients operated on with a jejuno-ileal by-pass for extreme obesity.
AB  - In 13 patients operated on with jejuno-ileal shunting for extreme obesity the
      serum activity of ornithine-carbamoyl-transferase (S-OCT) was monitored. A rapid
      rise in the S-COT occurred and was observed at its peak between 2 and 8 hours
      after the operation. In 4 patients operated on for intestinal diseases much
      smaller rises in the S-OCT were noted. In a control group of 6 patients operated
      on for knee injuries, no changes of the S-OCT were noted after operation. The
      rise in the S-OCT is interpreted as a sign of liver cell damage of unknown cause
      in the patients with jejuno-ileal shunting.

PMID- 1217445
TI  - Some somatic complications after small intestinal bypass operations for obesity.
      Possible factors of significance in the incidence.
AB  - The complications after intestinal bypass operations in 103 massively obese
      subjects were recorded postoperatively for a maximum of 5 years. The surgical
      procedures were jejuno-ileostomy, end-to-side (op. I) in 35, and end-to-end with
      ileocaecostomy (op. II) in 68 cases. Wound dehiscence was the cause of the sole
      early postoperative death. The early complications found were those commonly seen
      after abdominal surgery, namely wound infection (n=24), wound dehiscence (n=5),
      anastomotic leak (n=2), leg thrombosis (n=2). One of the latter 2 patients
      probably also had pulmonary embolism. In 6 cases early intestinal obstruction
      occurred; 3 of them required reoperation. The late complications were divided
      into unspecific and specific in relation to the surgically induced malabsorption.
      Their incidence was analysed in 80 subjects observed for longer than 1.5 years
      after the operation. Unspecific late complications consisted of intestinal
      obstruction in 5 cases and incidional hernias in 18 cases. Intussusception was
      not seen. There seemed to be no increase in the incidence of gallstone disease or
      gastroduodenal ulcer after the operation. Specific late complications were
      electrolyte disturbances (ED) in 13, signs of liver injury (LI) in 9, urinary
      tract calculi (UTC) in 15, and immunopathy (IM) in 19 cases. The IM group had
      skin rashes, arthralgia, and fever. Besides these somatic complications, a number
      of specific pyschictric complications were also observed (not published). Three
      subjects died after the operation with signs of liver insufficiency. The
      following factors were found to be of importance in the occurence of the specific
      complications ED and LI: 1. The presence of preoperative abnormalities in serum
      electrolyte concentration and pathological liver tests, mainly occuring in the
      heavies patients. 2. Most ED and LI occurred during the period of main weight
      loss, in general during the first postoperative year. ED and LI did not appear
      after body weight had stabilised. 3. The rate of weight loss: ED and LI occurred,
      with a few exceptions, in the subjects with a rate of weight loss higher than
      0.0130 weight-index units per week during the period of constant weight loss (see
      article).

PMID- 1217446
TI  - Aspects on appendiceal abscess in children with special reference to delayed
      appendectomy.
AB  - A series of 52 children with appendiceal abscess is presented. The general policy
      of treatment was initially conservative regime followed by delayed elective
      appendectomy. Ten patients had a recurrence before appendectomy was performed. In
      2 patients, potentially malignant conditions were discovered at appendectomy.
      There were no significant postoperative complications. Delayed elective
      appendectomy is recommended after an interval of 4-6 weeks.

PMID- 1217447
TI  - Volvulus of the right colon. A review of 30 cases with special reference to late
      results of various surgical procedures.
AB  - A series of 30 patients with volvulus of the right colon is reviewed. The
      patients were followed up 1-25 years after treatment, and the late results after
      various surgical procedures were assessed. There were no recurrences after
      hemicolectomy. Detorsion without caecoplexy showed the same late result as that
      found in patients treated conservatively. The late result of detorsion with
      caecopexy was intermediate between those achieved with hemicolectomy and
      detorsion without caecopexy.

PMID- 1217448
TI  - Cystic adventitial degeneration of the popliteal artery. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of cystic adventitial degeneration of the popliteal artery is described.
      This is an unusual cause of intermittent claudication, but the diagnosis should
      be suspected in young persons, especially men, where the arteriogram shows a
      stenosis due to compression and arteriosclerotic changes are not demonstrable. A
      brief review of the literature on the condition, diagnosis, and treatment is
      given.

PMID- 1217449
TI  - Enterolith obstruction of the ileum as a complication of jejunal diverticulitis.
      Report of a case.
AB  - A case of intestinal obstruction due to impaction of an enterolith in the distal
      ileum is reported. The patient had jejunal diverticulosis. One of the diverticula
      showed evidence of acute inflammation and another showed signs of fibrosis
      suggesting previous inflammation. Apparently the enterolith had been released
      from the acutely inflamed diverticulum. One of the diverticula contained a
      smaller enterolith. The impacted enterolith was removed by enterotomy and the
      smaller one milked into the intestine. Chemical analysis of the removed stone
      showed that it consisted of mainly cholic, desoxycholic and fatty acids.

PMID- 1217450
TI  - The effects of chemical occlusion of vas deferens on the testicular function of
      dog: a preliminary study.
AB  - A new approach to rapid male sterilization was studies by giving a single
      injection of sclerosing chemical agents (10% silvernitrate, 3.6% Formaldehyde in
      ehanol, 5% potassium permagnate, 100% ethanol, and 3.6% Formaldehyde) directly
      into the vas deferens to determine whether blocking the vas has any adverse
      effects on the testicular function. 2 - Chemical occlusion of vas is quite
      effective in producing a block in the vas deferens of dogs. 3 - Ethanol injection
      in the vas deferens caused an atrophy of the testis. Extensive necrossis and
      exfoliation of the seminiferous elements were conspicuous. These changes
      increased in severity in 3.6% Formaldehyde in ethanol, 5% potassium permagnate,
      and 10% silver nitrate solution injected dogs. 4 - Decrease in the testicular
      contents of RNA, Protein and sialic acid, four weeks after vas occlusion were
      associated with degenerative changes of the spermatogenic elements. 5 -
      Testicular cholesterol and total lipids were increased following vas occlusion. 6
      - Reduced sialic acid levels in the testis of vas occluded dogs indicates an
      inhibition of androgen production, which is further reflected in reduced leydig
      cell function. 7 - The role of vas deferens in determining the fate of a given
      testis is being discussed.

PMID- 1217451
TI  - The concentration of testosterone in serial samples  of peripheral venous plasma
      from infertile women.
AB  - The concentration of testosterone has been determined in daily samples of
      peripheral venous plasma throughout one complete menstrual cycle from each of 4
      women with regular, but anovulatory cycles (Group 1) and 13 apparently normal,
      but infertile women (Group 2). The individual patterns and combined values have
      been compared with those obtained from 9 healthy volunteers (Group 3), who
      appeared to satisfy strict criteria for normal ovarian and uterine function. The
      menstrual cycles from subjects in groups 2 and 3 were subdivided retrospectively
      into follicular, periovulatory and luteal phases according to the day of the LH
      peak. The results show that the values for every subject in Group 1 tended to
      remain relatively costant and the overall concentration (32.3 +/- 10.4; ng/100ml;
      mean +/- SD) was significantly lower (P less than 0,05, student's "t" test) than
      the corresponding figure for Group 3 (41.6 +/- 11.8). The patterns of
      testosterone in Groups 2 and 3 were variable, but the overall concentrations in
      Group 2 during the periovulatory phase (53.7 +/- 12.7) was significantly higher
      (P less than 0.025) than the corresponding value (41.9 +/- 11.9) for Group 3. The
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 1217452
TI  - Biochemical and histological changes in testes and epididymis of dog after
      vasectomy.
AB  - 1. Changes in the histological structure and biochemical composition have been
      studied in the testes and epididymis of dog after unilateral and bilateral
      vasectomies. 2. Testes and epididymis weight did not change after 30 days of
      unilateral vasectomy. Whereas a significant decrease was observed after 60 and
      120 days of unilateral and bilateral vasectomy. Tests and epididymis weights
      returned to normal after 180 days of bilateral vasectomy. 3. Histologically
      testes and epididymis were normal after 30 days of vasectomy. After 60 and 120
      days of unilateral and bilateral vasectomy. Testes and generative changes.
      Seminiferous tubule and Leydig cell nuclear diameter reduced. Sixty to seventy
      percent tubules recover after 180 days of bilateral vasectomy. 4. Decrease in
      RNA, protein, sialic acid contents and increase in alkaline phosphatase activity,
      total lipids, cholesterol coincided with the absence of spermatozoa and atrophic
      changes in the testes. 5. The early degenerative changes were caused due to back
      pressure of testicular fluid (Vare et al, 1973).

PMID- 1217453
TI  - Modifications of the in vitro spermatozoal penetration test by means of the sperm
      penetration meter.

PMID- 1217454
TI  - [Estrogenic activity in vagina and other effectors in postmenopausal period
      (direct ovarian vein catheterization study)].

PMID- 1217455
TI  - [Clomiphene function test of the anovulatory cycle in women].

PMID- 1217456
TI  - [Induced changes of seminogram by use of HMG and HCG in patients with testicular
      anomalies and aspermia].

PMID- 1217457
TI  - Neurogenic control of muscle ribosomal protein synthesis.
AB  - In vitro protein synthesis of ribosomes extracted from leg muscles of 20 Sprague
      Dawley rats denervated 3 and 14 days (high sciatic transections) and 10 control
      rats was studied. The concentration/mg protein of total ribosomes extracted from
      the 14-day denervated muscle showed a significant increase. Distribution of
      muscle polyribosomes on sucrose density gradients was normal in all cases.
      Noncollagen protein synthesis of the heavy polyribosomes from both early and late
      denervated muscles showed a significant decrease. SDS polyacrylamide gels
      suggested that this decrease affected the synthesis of heavy chains of myosin,
      while the light chains of myosin, actin and tropomyosin had normal structure and
      amounts. Collagen synthesis of heavy polyribosomes showed slight to moderate
      increase in only 50 per cent of the cases. Supplementation of ribosomes extracted
      from denervated muscles with normal muscle soluble enzymes increased their
      noncollagen synthesis by 66 per cent. This suggests that the neurogenic control
      of ribosomal protein synthesis is accomplished by hormonal trophic substances
      contained in the muscle soluble enzymes.

PMID- 1217458
TI  - Whiplash: chronic organic brain syndrome without hydrocephalus ex vacuo.
AB  - Eleven patients who had sustained whiplash injuries to the neck were studied by
      pneumo-encephalography, by a variety of psychological tests, and by psychiatric
      evaluation with a view to assessing whether organic CNS changes might, in some
      cases, be a consequence of such injuries. Patients with traumatic encephalopathy,
      and age- and sex-matched groups of patients served as control groups.
      Pneumoencephalography showed normal findings in the whiplash group as a whole,
      the width of the ventricular system being significantly smaller than that of
      patients with traumatic encephalopathy. Psychological tests and psychiatric
      evaluation indicated that organic brain pathology was present in the whiplash
      patients, although to a lesser extent than in patients with traumatic
      encephalopathy.

PMID- 1217459
TI  - Multiple sclerosis: relation to scrapie and slow infection; ageing and measles.
AB  - Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is shown to have no relation to scrapie and the evidence
      for a "slow infective" aetiology is very meagre. It is not related to an ageing
      process during which scrapie-like antigens make their appearance as they do in
      young animal with the disease. The emergence of scrapie-like antigens in ageing
      tissues is discussed. The increased sensitization of MS lymphocytes to scrapie,
      as opposed to normal brain (or spleen), is not characteristic of the disease, but
      occurs in other conditions with astroglial overgrowth. On the other hand, special
      lymphocyte sensitivity to inhibition by linoleic acid is limited to MS (and not
      shared by scrapie). The familial background of MS is briefly discussed, and an
      important line of study which might bring together classical genetic markers, HLA
      studies, and linoleic acid lymphocyte study is indicated. The role commonly
      ascribed to measles is critically reviewed. Measles may be of special importance
      in one (childhood-acquired) group of MS subjects, but there is no evidence of a
      special role in most cases. Raised antibodies to viruses other than measles have,
      however, been described. It is concluded that an immunological mechanism is still
      the most likely "final common path" by which MS lesions develop.

PMID- 1217460
TI  - Pneumoencephalographic and clinical characteristics of diffuse cerebral atrophy.
AB  - The clinical features in 268 patients with diffuse cerebral atrophy of initially
      unknown origin have been analysed. Pneumoencephalography showed supratentorial
      ventricular atrophy in 87 per cent (cortical in 71 per cent), and brain stem
      and/or cerebellar atrophy in 17 per cent of the patients. Epileptic seizures,
      dizziness and clumsiness were the most frequent initial symptoms. Vibration in
      work, psychic impairment, gait difficulties, co-ordinative dysfunction, excessive
      use of alcohol, and arterial hypertension dominated the clinical picture. Serum
      cholesterol and triglycerides, and beta-globulins in the cerebrospinal fluid
      protein electrophoresis were normal. Diffuse cerebral atrophy without defined
      cause appears to affect all parts of the brain, with particular predilection for
      the frontotemporal area and the left side, and to have diffuse and unspecific
      clinical characteristics.

PMID- 1217461
TI  - Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the central nervous system.
AB  - A case of primary rhabdomyosarcoma in the brain stem is described in an 8 year
      old girl. The clinical data showed a right side hemiplegia then a total paralysis
      of the left sixth cranial nerve and a paraplegia which became lethal in 3 months.
      The necrospy revealed a tumoral nodule in the left medulla oblongata and pons
      with diffuse subarachnoidal extension from the cranial nerves to the cauda equine
      roots. Histologically the tumor appeared to be polymorph with numerous
      rhabdomyoblasts which had a clear cross striation and which were sometimes less
      differentiated without any neuronal or glial elements. Perivascular tumoral cells
      and blood vessels were closely linked, the Virchow-Robin spaces were clearly
      involved. The electron microscopic study confirmed that the less differentiated
      cells were of a rhabdomyoblastic nature. A review of the litterature indicates
      that these malignant neoplasias are highly exceptional, and can be classified
      within the group of primary tumors of the neuraxis with muscular elements. The
      histogenetic origin of these tumors appears to be the ectomesenchyme of neural
      crests.

PMID- 1217463
TI  - [Osteoarthrosis or excessive physiology].

PMID- 1217462
TI  - Obstetrics and perinatal medicine in Iceland 1881-1971, with a detailed report on
      deliveries in Iceland 1972-1974.
AB  - Chapter I describes the adoption of a new certificate of the outcome of pregnancy
      in Iceland and Iceland's participation in a feasibility study of the registration
      of pregnancies and their outcome in cooperation with WHO. New maternity and
      infant forms adopted in 1972 are described and their effect on antenatal control
      and the coordination of the registration of deliveries and their outcome
      explained. Chapter II offers a survey of population growth in Iceland since 1881.
      Data concerning birth-rate and death-rate from 1881-1971 are given, together with
      data on perinatal mortality. The perinatal mortality rate is shown year by year
      from 1951 to 1971 and maternal death from 1881-1970. There follows a description
      of the development of birth institutions in Iceland and the chapter is concluded
      by data on maternal age since the turn of the century. Chapter III shows
      processing of data for the years 1972-1974. Tables and diagrams demonstrate the
      distribution of deliveries in Iceland, the distribution of first births according
      to mothers age, the marital status of Icelandic mothers, the relation between
      marital status and the number of deliveries, years of mothers education, parity
      in Iceland, gestational length, the relation between the number of antenatal
      visits and perinatal mortality. Tables further demonstrate registered
      complications of pregnancy and delivery. The sex, weight and bodylength of
      newborns are discussed. Also tabulations of registered infant diagnoses. At the
      conclusion of the report, the advantages and disadvantages brought to light by
      the data processing and expected improvements and future processing are
      discussed.

PMID- 1217464
TI  - [Mechanical aspects of knee during walking].

PMID- 1217465
TI  - [Photoelastic study of an arthritic knee].

PMID- 1217466
TI  - Experimental investigation of deformation of the weight-bearing acetabulum.

PMID- 1217467
TI  - [The distribution of pressure in the hip under load].

PMID- 1217468
TI  - Experimental methods for the assessment of wear of materials potentially useful
      for endoprostheses.

PMID- 1217469
TI  - [Application of holographic interferometry to the study of an axially loaded
      tibiofibular].

PMID- 1217470
TI  - [Analysis of walking by dynamometric platform. A new measurement device].

PMID- 1217471
TI  - [Clinical study of walking using dynamometric platform].

PMID- 1217472
TI  - [Telemetric study of walking].

PMID- 1217473
TI  - [Mechanical properties of bone tissue].

PMID- 1217474
TI  - [Otology].

PMID- 1217475
TI  - [Face, mouth and pharngolaryngology (from a phoniatrics viewpoint)].

PMID- 1217476
TI  - [Esophagoscopy].

PMID- 1217477
TI  - [Technics of endoscopy and of reproducing the image in otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 1217478
TI  - [Determinism of a pneumophonic relationship in functional dysphonia].

PMID- 1217480
TI  - [Resorption of depot cortisone after its submucosal injection in the nasal
      concha].
AB  - Injections of "depot" steroid preparations in the nasal mucosa are frequently
      used for allergic disorders. We felt it would be interesting to study the fate of
      these injections. Indeed, a microscopic section through the nasal concha shows a
      tremendous amount of large vessels and it seems possible that a quantity of the
      injection enters the general blood stream. The difficulties in obraining
      radioactive cortisone made us choose the red blood cell as a tracer. They have
      the same dimensions as the cortisone crystals used in the depot preparations, and
      are a much used tool in a department of nuclear medicine. Mostly they are marked
      with radioactive chromium. We modified the technique used for the determination
      of the blood volume by a dilution method. In this technique radioactive blood is
      injected and the dilution allows for calculation of the whole blood mass. We
      injected the radioactive blood into the nasal concha and we searched for these
      radioactive erythrocytes in the circulation. This gave us an idea of the total
      amount that escaped from the concha. Blood was taken from a patient and marked by
      the department of nuclear medicine; it was then injected in the concha in the way
      a depository cortisone preparation is injected, and after several moments blood
      was taken from an arm vein and the radioactivity measured. Relying upon a normal
      blood volume in our patient, we were able to calculate the amount that went into
      the circulation. As the chart shows, there is a very fast increase and after 15
      minutes, practically everything was in the blood stream. Thus we conclude: 1.
      Intra-nasal injections of cortisone are no more useful than intra-muscular ones.
      2. Some reactions after this intranasal injections could be explained by the
      enmasse embolisation of the crystal suspension.

PMID- 1217479
TI  - [Evaluating the therapeutic effect of aerosol therapy in allergic rhinopathy].
AB  - The authors describe a simple technique of anterior rhinomanometry. This
      technique in combination with a allergen aerosol provocation represents a
      functional test of the nose. The advantage of the method is the fact that in
      allergic people the provocation reacts directly on the shock tissues,
      representing a sure and repeatable method of diagnosis.

PMID- 1217481
TI  - [Our attitude to post-traumatic facial paralysis].

PMID- 1217482
TI  - [Exploration of eustachian tube permeability by salpingomanometry].
AB  - In order to appreciate the permeability of the Eustachian tube the authors
      measure the rhino-pharyngal pressure necessary to induce the opening of the tube.
      This opening is obtained by Valsalva method or by a deglutition associated to an
      overpressure. The measures are realized on divers, the majority of them never
      suffered before from any barotraumatic trouble. The modifications of pressure
      produced in the middle ear during the tubal opening are demonstrated by recording
      the correspondant variations of the tympano-ossicular compliance. By performing
      the Valsalva, we have better results than those obtained by actively clearing of
      the ears associated to a rhino-pharyngal overpressure. The method is of easy and
      quick apply. We consider as normal the levels of the forcing pressure ranging
      below 90 cm H2O.

PMID- 1217484
TI  - [Painful syndrome of the neck muscles caused by torticollis, a minor form of
      Grisel's disease].

PMID- 1217483
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of a case of anterior adhesion of the vocal cords].
AB  - A case of synechia laryngis of the vocal cords is presented. Etiology and
      treatment of this pathological condition are reviewed. For the present case the
      synechia seems to have been caused by an acute recurring laryngitis. A teflon
      oval sectionned tube is placed in the anterior commissure and anchored through
      the prelaryngeal skin, until epithelisation has occurred. This method is compared
      with other similar techniques.

PMID- 1217485
TI  - [Development of auditory threshold in the 1st weeks after stapes surgery. Study
      of 50 cases].
AB  - We have treated 50 cases of otosclerosis by transplatinary piston. We made a
      statistical study of the recuperation modalities concerning frequency and time.
      The highest hearing gain was obtained each time between 250 cps and 500 cps. The
      maximum hearing recuperation occurs usually, three weeks after the intervention
      for the lower and mid-frequencies, two months for the higher frequencies. Finally
      we have noticed that the intervention was helpful as well for the opposite ear as
      for the operated one.

PMID- 1217486
TI  - [Role of surface tension in stapedectomy].

PMID- 1217488
TI  - The diagnostic aid of ENG-recording in the evaluation of a spontaneous nystagmus.

PMID- 1217487
TI  - [Anomalies of the cochlear duct and their consequences].

PMID- 1217489
TI  - [A case of a naso-sinus meningoencephalocele].
AB  - Beginning with a very vulgar symptomatology evoking with an adult, free from
      traumatic antecedents, a left ethmoido-maxillo-choanal polyp, the anatomo
      pathologic survey of the lump, cutted out without incident, by the maxillary
      sinus (Caldwell-Luc), revealed the presence of zone of cerebral texture. The
      complaints of aqueous rhinorrhea increased and aggraved with diverse neuro
      radiologic investigations enabled to state diagnostic of meningoencephalocele
      through ethmoidal left forepart osseous breach that was found and stopped up
      after by intracranial way. After this observation, the authors, looking at some
      generalities about meningoencephaloceles, insist on the frequency of the first
      manifestations generally from the first childhood, on the precious interest of
      the radiology in order to detect the osseous dehiscence and on the importance of
      neurosurgical exploration by intracranial mean before any endeavor of biopsy or
      of extraction of the lump by natural way. The originality of the reported case
      consist in the lack of symptomatology and in the late apparition of it, in the
      absence of septic meningitis complications after the extraction of the growth by
      low way (post-operative antibiotherapy), in the extention, unusual for the
      pharyngo-nasal kind of the cerebral hernia, into the maxillary sinus.

PMID- 1217490
TI  - [Significance of hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of decompression
      accidents localized in the inner ear. Importance of the latency period].

PMID- 1217492
TI  - Bromination of bicyclic phenols with SO2-heterocyclic annelated rings.

PMID- 1217491
TI  - Acetylene compounds of potential pharmacological value. XXII. Base strength and
      biological activity in oxotremorine antagonists.

PMID- 1217493
TI  - Quantitative determinations by ion pair extraction. Part 12. Extraction of amino
      acids with quaternary ammonium ions.

PMID- 1217494
TI  - Isolation of acidic conjugates by ion-pair extraction. II. Extraction of
      taurocholic acid derivatives.

PMID- 1217495
TI  - Liquid-liquid partition of a di-phenol, hexestrol, with hydrogen-accepting
      compounds as complexing agents in the non-polar phase.

PMID- 1217496
TI  - Ion pair chromatography of carboxylic acids. II. Use of N-methylimipramine as
      stationary phase.

PMID- 1217498
TI  - Alkaloids of Strychnos camptoneura.

PMID- 1217497
TI  - Potential hypolipidemic agents. XII. Synthesis and plasma lipid-lowering
      properties of some 3-pyridylmethyl ethers.

PMID- 1217499
TI  - Synthesis and convulsant effects of 2- and 3-substituted strychnine derivatives.

PMID- 1217500
TI  - Alkaloids from the bark of Erythrophleum couminga.

PMID- 1217501
TI  - The polymorphism of azaperone and clotrimazole.

PMID- 1217502
TI  - Bioavailability and tolerance studies on acetylsalicylic acid suppositories.

PMID- 1217503
TI  - Crushability -- an important tablet property.

PMID- 1217504
TI  - Acetylene compounds of potential pharmacological value. XXIII. N-(1-Methyl-5
      pyrrolidino-3-pentynyl)-substituted succinimide and 2-pyrrolidone.

PMID- 1217505
TI  - Mass spectrometric and gas chromatographic properties of pethidine N-oxide.

PMID- 1217506
TI  - Sterilization methods in industry. Microbiological evaluation of sterilized
      medical products.

PMID- 1217507
TI  - The heat sterilization methods.

PMID- 1217508
TI  - Radiation sterilization: background and prospects.

PMID- 1217509
TI  - Irradiation sterilization of pharmaceutical products.

PMID- 1217510
TI  - Contamination control during the manufacture of medical products.

PMID- 1217511
TI  - Basic principles of giving advice on disinfection.

PMID- 1217512
TI  - [Prospects of psychiatric research in Latin America].
AB  - The authors analyze the needs for research in Latin America and Assess the
      feasility of several implementations to meet the needs. A review is made of
      research work already completed or under ay, stressing the scarcity of full-time
      researchers, and part-time ones, the difficulties for establishing research teams
      and for creating the most suitable environmental conditions and training
      facilities. Lack of research planning is only aggrevating the general conditions,
      and impairing the performance of individual or group researchers, reducing their
      possibilities of integrating comprehensive programs. The financial aspects are
      similarly strained. Small participation of official agencies in financing pure of
      applied research, is at the roots...

PMID- 1217514
TI  - [A contribution to the formal discrimination between the concepts of science and
      ideology].
AB  - The focus of XXth. Century epistemological concern is the foundation of Social
      Sciencies, understood as "Sciences endowed with ambiguity" in a double meaning:
      the possibility of producing their own theoretical object, and the fluctuation
      between what is ontologically (scientifically) produced and the "ontically" given
      ideology. At closer range, the problem is to be set in terms of the relationship
      between Science and Ideology. In order to better understand the foundation of
      Social Sciences, two levels are to be analyzed: a) negative-critical: the given
      "ontical" Ideology is lead to crisis, thus paving the way to replacement by
      Scientific Theory; b) positive-constructive: the actual production of the formal
      object (ontologic) or, as it were, the transformation of objects made "opaque" by
      Ideology, into "transparent" ones. In other words, Ideology sets a frame, fencing
      in the production of concepts and becoming thus the main "epistemological
      obstacle", in the way of scientific production. Still other epistemological
      obstacles are slowing down or jeopardizing the construction of Social Sciences,
      such as: a) intellectualism, contending the entire explanation of phenomena is to
      be found within the theoretical discourse and its deductive development; and b)
      naturalism, asserting the same but in reference to its inductive discurse. Only
      by means of critical examination of epistemological obstacles, and by leading to
      crisis the "ontically" given Ideologies, the possibility of scientific production
      is open.

PMID- 1217513
TI  - [Psychodiagnosis as a therapeutic measure].
AB  - This paper attempts at filling a gap in books and articles dealing with
      psychologycal diagnosis techniques and methods of psychotherapy. The conditions
      most suitable for a correct handling of the steps prior and following
      psychologycal tests, are proposed. Any clinical situation involving investigation
      of symptoms, productive potential, and aiming at assessing levels of health or
      sickness, diagnosis or prognosis, is bound to give rise to increased anxiety,
      normal and pathologycal. We propose that previous to such an examination the
      patient should undergo some kind of preparation including brief information about
      types of tests to be used, and the working out of some of the patient's
      anxieties. As to the best way to handle the evaluation of those studies we agree
      with the criteruim that patients should receive information that should be
      offered through a dialogue and ajusted to the level of endurance or tolerance the
      patients involved are likely to possess. The paper includes a guideline for
      bringing back to the patient the information and several clinical examples of its
      use.

PMID- 1217515
TI  - [Psychology as a science and as a profession in Colombia].
AB  - In Colombia, Psychology started associated with Medicine and Education. In a more
      strict sense, it begins with the founding of the Institute of Applied Psychology
      at the National University of Colombia, in 1948. This is one of the oldest
      training centers for Psychologists in Latin America, without interruption until
      today. The areas of outstanding professional interest are Educational Psychology,
      Clinical Psychology and Social Psychology. The main research areas are the
      experimental analysis of behavior, and Social Psychology. There is a professional
      association the Colombia Federation of Psychology, that has defined the roles and
      fields of competence of Psychologists, and established the training requirements
      (5 years, including practical field work and experience and a thesis), to obtain
      a degree of Psychologist. All Faculties and Departments of Psychology in the
      country follow the same curricular and requirements model.

PMID- 1217516
TI  - Generalized and lateralized effects of concurrent verbal rehearsal upon
      performance of sequential movements of the fingers by the left and right hands.

PMID- 1217517
TI  - Concept identification with natural material.

PMID- 1217518
TI  - EEG alpha rhythm, ocular activity and basal skin resistance.

PMID- 1217519
TI  - Individual differences in speed of phonemic analysis, visual analysis, and
      reading.

PMID- 1217520
TI  - Interhemispheric transfer of figural information in right- and non-right-handed
      subjects.

PMID- 1217521
TI  - Form distortion in narrow beam rotation radiography.
AB  - The distortion of morphologic object elements, for distortion, at the exposure of
      a panoramic image has been determined mathematically and experimentally. As
      models the square, the circle, the rhomb, and the equilateral triangle were used.
      The general characteristics of the form distortion in narrow beam rotation
      radiography are analysed and described.

PMID- 1217522
TI  - Soft tissue xeroradiography of the shoulder joint.
AB  - Soft tissue xeroradiography of the shoulder joint has been compared with a film
      technique arrived at previously. The xerox plates gave a lower radiation dose to
      the patient without loss of information. The film technique requires a tungsten
      target tube with an extra thin glass window (=0.5 mm Al), while the xerox
      technique may be used with standard tubes.

PMID- 1217523
TI  - Cerebral distribution of contrast medium and paradoxical location of lesions of
      the blood-brain barrier in the rabbit.
AB  - Lesions to the blood-brain barrier have been investigated in rabbits following
      constant or intermittent injections of sodium metrizoate into the internal
      carotid artery at different injection rates. Under certain experimental
      conditions the lesion to the blood-brain barrier was predominantly located to the
      brain area supplied by the contralateral carotid artery or the vertebral
      arteries. It is shown by serial angiography that the application time was shorter
      within the vascular territory of the paradoxical lesion. The results may imply
      that a mixture of blood and contrast medium is more vulnerable to the blood-brain
      barrier than contrast medium alone.

PMID- 1217524
TI  - Objective symmetry detector method for gammaencephalography. IV. Investigation of
      brain tumours.
AB  - Sixty-six cases with possible brain tumour were objectively classified as having
      normal or abnormal 99TcmO4 distribution in the skull recorded by the symmetry
      detector method for gammaencephalography. The diagnostic accuracy in 37 confirmed
      tumour cases was about 95 percent. Astrocytomas I-II were seperated from
      astrocytomas III-IV by the degree of abnormality, and meningiomas were seperated
      from astrocytomas by diverging time-dependent changes in the pathologic isotope
      accumulation. The high diagnostic accuracy was obtained in spite of low spatial
      resolution and simplicity of the method. The careful choice of evaluation
      parameters and the restriction of their normal variance were necessary and
      effective in optimizing the method.

PMID- 1217525
TI  - Glass fragments and other particles contaminating contrast media.
AB  - Microscopy of filtrates made from contrast media of routinely opened glass
      ampoules substantiates previous assumptions that small fragments of glass may
      enter into the ampoule and the medium with considerable frequency. Such glass
      fragments may cause embolic lesions on intraarterial injections of the medium;
      the lesions, however, are histologically non-specific consisting of proliferation
      of intima and small granulomas associated with dilated nephrons in a ray-like
      arrangement. A significant amount of plastic particles may be added to injectable
      fluids on usage of disposable syringes.

PMID- 1217526
TI  - Effects of vasopressin in experimental nephroangiography.
AB  - Nephroangiography was performed in 13 rabbits using eight-fold magnification with
      a 0.05 mm focus. After arginine vasopressin in doses of 0.01 to 1.0 IU the
      glomeruli were well demonstrated as well as the subcortial arteries and veins and
      the concentration of contrast medium in arteries and veins increased. At
      increasing doses of vasopressin the glomeruli were shut off to an increasing
      degree, beginning at the outer part of the cortex. At 1.0 IU only the
      juxtamedullary glomeruli functioned.

PMID- 1217527
TI  - 75Se-methionine uptake in the pancreas. An experimental investigation in mice.
AB  - Measurements of the uptake of 75Se-methionine in the abdominal visceral organs of
      mice indicate that amino acids (Aminosol) significantly increase the accumulation
      of the isotope in pancreas. Similarly, a beneficial effect if observed on the
      distribution of activity between pancreas and blood, while withdrawal of food
      adversely affects the uptake in the pancreas and gastro-intestinal tract.

PMID- 1217528
TI  - Urothelial renal pelvic tumours in phenacetin abusers.
AB  - The appearances of renal pelvic tumours at urography and pyelography in 25
      phenacetin abusers were correlated with the microscopy of operative specimens.
      Radiography was found to contribute to the preoperative assessment of malignancy
      grade.

PMID- 1217529
TI  - Multidirectional tomography of the facial canal.
AB  - The course of the facial canal in the complicated structure of the temporal bone
      is best demonstrated by multidirectional (hypocycloid or spiral) tomography. A
      description of its normal anatomy is delivered, based on experiences from
      dissected temporal bone specimens, plastic moulds and tomograms. Detailed
      knowledge of the anatomy is required for distinction of defects and anomalies,
      particularly pre-operatively (fractures, reconstructive middle ear surgery). In
      malformation the pre-operative localization of the course of the facial canal is
      important, since its relation to the oval window and the posterior wall of the
      tympanic cavity is decisive for surgical procedures.

PMID- 1217530
TI  - Angiography of the dilator response in extremity trauma.
AB  - The dilatation of major arteries following early after extensive soft tissue
      trauma was demonstrated angiographically not to be affected by pharmacologic or
      mechanical contractile stimuli. The proximal spread of the dilatation was not
      abolished by the division and a reanastomosis of the vessel before the trauma.
      These results suggest loss or impairment of the contractile ability of the major
      arteries following early after the trauma.

PMID- 1217531
TI  - [Physiological and metabolic problems of virulence of various septicemia-causing
      agents].

PMID- 1217533
TI  - [Virulence of lysogenic strains of Erysipelothrix insidiosa].

PMID- 1217532
TI  - [Virulence and antigenic structure of chlornitromycin-resistant variants of
      Erysipelothrix insidiosa].

PMID- 1217534
TI  - [Investigations of decarboxylases of amino acids in Erysipelothrix insidiosa].

PMID- 1217536
TI  - [Testing of chemicals for control of Varroa jacobsoni infection in honeybees].

PMID- 1217535
TI  - [Further studies of virulence].

PMID- 1217537
TI  - [Establishing trace elements in the environment on the basis of honeybee
      gathering activity].

PMID- 1217538
TI  - [Studies of the R-forms of Erysipelothrix insidiosa].

PMID- 1217539
TI  - [Inducing L-froms of Erysipelothrix insidiosa strains in vivo under the effect of
      penicillin].

PMID- 1217540
TI  - [Morphologic changes in the parenchymal organs and the joints in rabbits
      inoculated with L-forms of beta-hemolytic streptococci].

PMID- 1217541
TI  - [Studies of the infectious and immunization processes in mycoplasmoses. V.
      Experimental infection with Mycoplasma agalactiae in lambs].

PMID- 1217542
TI  - [Urgent prophylaxis of infectious diseases and its place within the system of
      antiepidemic measures].

PMID- 1217543
TI  - [Interrelations of experimental Trichinella spiralis and Erysipelothrix insidiosa
      infection in rats].

PMID- 1217544
TI  - [Study of the antiviral action of newly synthesized compounds of the
      hydroxypirimidine group].

PMID- 1217545
TI  - [A study of lipase biosynthesis in yeast strains].

PMID- 1217546
TI  - [Studies of the lysogenicity of Bac. alvei strains].

PMID- 1217547
TI  - The early development of the lymphatic system in mouse embryos.
AB  - The early development of the lymphatic system was studied in embryos of an inbred
      strain of the laboratory mouse. During the first stage of its development the
      system is represented by a more or less regular series of small and blind-ending
      outgrowths of the major embryonic veins which develop in a cranio-caudalward
      direction from the jugular to the pelvic region. As a result of differences in
      growth rates of adjacent anatomical structures this series of early lymphatic
      primordia becomes subdivided into 4 singular primordia and 12 groups of
      primordia. After the constituents of each group of early primordia have fused, 16
      isolated lymphatic plexuses (sacs) are formed of which 14 are in bilaterally
      symmetric and 2 are in a median line position: i.e. bilaterally: (1) the jugulo
      axillary lymph sac situated lateral to the anterior cardinal vein and dorsal to
      the primitive ulnar vein and its major branch, the external mammary vein, (2) the
      paratracheal lymph plexus situated medial to the anterior cardinal vein, (3) the
      internal thoracic lymph plexus situated lateral to the thoracic part of the
      posterior cardinal vein, (4) the thoracic ducts situated medial to the thoracic
      part of the posterior cardinal vein, (5) the lumbar lymph plexus situated dorso
      lateral to the abdominal part of the posterior cardinal vein, (6) the subcardinal
      lymph plexus and (7) the iliac lymph plexus situated ventro-lateral to the
      abdominal part of the posterior cardinal vein; and in the median line: (8) the
      subtracheal lymph plexus situated at the confluence of the pulmonary veins and
      (9) the mesenteric lymph plexus situated near the confluence of the splenic and
      the superior mesenteric veins. Except for some openings at the jugulo-subclavian
      confluence all connections with the veins disappear. From the primordia
      extensions grow out centrifugally. They invade the surrounding tissues and, in
      part, fuse with similar sprouts of adjacent primordia. In this way a continuous
      system of lymph truncs is formed that opens into the venous system at the jugulo
      subclavian confluence.

PMID- 1217548
TI  - The effects of experimental unilateral anotia on skull development in the chick
      embryo. II. Essentials of the development of the chondrocranium in normal embryos
      of 7-20 days of incubation.
AB  - In order to be able to describe adequately the developmental anomalies of the
      chondrocranium in unilateral anotia in the chick embryo, it seemed necessary to
      describe the essentials of the normal chondrocranial development. The following
      observations proved to be different from the available descriptions: 1. the
      occipital processes do not fuse with the ear capsules; 2. the tectum synoticum
      fuses only with the ear capsules; the occipital processes fuse later with the
      tectum synoticum by outgrowth to dorsal; 3. in the chick embryo there is no
      evidence for the existence of a tectum posterius; 4. the metotic fissure is in
      the cartilaginous stage of development not closed, but shifts laterally; 5. there
      is strong evidence that the pro-otic processes arise as independent structures
      which later fuse with the ear capsules. The results of the study of the
      development of the chondrocranium in the embryos in which experimentally
      unilateral anotia is produced, will be described in a following paper.

PMID- 1217549
TI  - Proceedings: The brain of the crossopterygian fish Latimeria chalumnae.

PMID- 1217550
TI  - Proceedings: The structure of the brain stem of Latimeria chalumnae.

PMID- 1217551
TI  - Proceedings: Descending pathways from brain stem to spinal cord in reptiles.

PMID- 1217552
TI  - Proceedings: Fiber connections of the telencephalon of Tupinambis nigropunctatus.

PMID- 1217554
TI  - Proceedings: Teratogenic mechanisms in congenital cardiac anomalies.

PMID- 1217553
TI  - Proceedings: On biogenic amines producing cells in the adrenal medulla of the
      white rat.

PMID- 1217555
TI  - Proceedings: The venous drainage of the cruciate ligaments.

PMID- 1217556
TI  - Proceedings: The venous drainage of the patellar ligament and the infrapatellar
      fat pad.

PMID- 1217557
TI  - Proceedings: An additional trigeminal system in certain snakes possessing infra
      red receptors.

PMID- 1217558
TI  - Electroencephalographic manifestations of complex partial seizures.

PMID- 1217559
TI  - Limbic lobe morphology: an old approach to a new system.

PMID- 1217561
TI  - Treatment with carbamazepine: adults.

PMID- 1217560
TI  - Pathology of temporal lobe foci.

PMID- 1217562
TI  - Treatment with carbamazepine: children.

PMID- 1217563
TI  - Carbamazepine: chemistry and methods of determination.

PMID- 1217564
TI  - Carbamazepine: absorption, distribution, and excretion.

PMID- 1217565
TI  - Carbamazepine: biotransformation.

PMID- 1217566
TI  - Serum carbamazepine concentration and clinical control.

PMID- 1217567
TI  - Behavioral effects of carbamazepine.

PMID- 1217568
TI  - Neurotoxicity of carbamazepine.

PMID- 1217569
TI  - Hematologic toxicity of carbamazepine.

PMID- 1217570
TI  - Management of the difficult patient with complex partial seizures.
AB  - Successful treatment of partial complex seizures (and the epilepsies in general)
      is a process of management over time and involves several factors. It starts with
      accurate and adequate diagnostic formulations. To this end the physician must be
      thoroughly familiar with the ictal manifestations of partial complex and other
      epilepsies as well as the clinical features of other transient but reversible
      episodes that might present difficulties in differential diagnosis. The diagnosis
      is based upon the history of a patient experiencing partial complex seizures, and
      the most important resource is a careful and detailed history of the ictal events
      and the circumstances under which they occur. Clinical observation and
      electrophysiologic monitoring of the patient during attacks, either spontaneous
      or induced, is the most powerful technique available in cases which present
      difficult diagnostic problems. In addition to recognition and proper
      classification of the seizures themselves, diagnosis and treatment of the cause
      of the seizures, particularly when it is an active disease, is of prime
      importance. Even after accurate diagnosis, the heterogenous nature of the
      population of patients with partial complex seizures is such that marked
      variation in response to treatment with antiepileptic drugs is to be anticipated.
      The use of these drugs must be individualized and based upon a thorough and
      working knowledge of their clinical pharmacology. The most frequent mistakes in
      our experience have been prescribing the drugs in too little doses or for too
      short a time. Less often the problem is overmedication. The best indicator of the
      effectiveness of the drugs is the clinical response of the individual patient,
      and in general each drug should be prescribed in increasing doses until either
      the seizures are controlled or unacceptable degrees of toxicity develop. The use
      of serum level determinations can be very helpful if not invaluable, particularly
      in identifying and understanding potential adverse effects of the drugs. Patient
      noncompliance in adhering to drug schedules is widespread, but usually can be
      detected by measuring serum levels. Even with the most efficient use of the
      drugs, however, some patients will be intractable, and elective surgical
      treatment should be considered. Finally, control of seizure occurrence alone is
      not necessarily adequate treatment, as many patients will have difficult
      psychosocial problems associated with their epilepsy. Treatment of such
      associated problems is necessary on its own merits, but occasionally can result
      in significant improvement in seizure control.

PMID- 1217571
TI  - Psychosocial management of patients with complex partial seizures.

PMID- 1217572
TI  - Surgical treatment of patients with complex partial seizures.

PMID- 1217573
TI  - Ictal clinical manifestations of complex partial seizures.

PMID- 1217574
TI  - Interictal clinical manifestations of complex partial seizures.

PMID- 1217576
TI  - Clowns communicate with deaf people.

PMID- 1217575
TI  - Vocational rehabilitation and end-stage renal disease.

PMID- 1217577
TI  - NRA's future direction.

PMID- 1217579
TI  - A rebel with a cause.

PMID- 1217578
TI  - Orientation to deafness for general counselors.

PMID- 1217580
TI  - Mike's hike for the blind.

PMID- 1217581
TI  - Growing.

PMID- 1217583
TI  - Telecommunications... service delivery for rehabilitation.

PMID- 1217584
TI  - Ombudsman in vocational rehabilitation process.

PMID- 1217582
TI  - The rehabilitation engineering program.

PMID- 1217585
TI  - Gallaudet College communicates.

PMID- 1217586
TI  - Physical, mental problems in kidney disease clients.

PMID- 1217588
TI  - The community college system: a resource for rehabilitation.

PMID- 1217587
TI  - Considerations in using global need estimates for planning rehab services.

PMID- 1217589
TI  - Antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobes.

PMID- 1217590
TI  - [The significance of persistence of antenatal and postnatal oogenesis during the
      reproductive years of the woman].

PMID- 1217591
TI  - [Respiratory function of the placenta in a pathological course of pregnancy and
      labor].

PMID- 1217592
TI  - [Action of some antibiotics on the placental tissue and the fetal liver].

PMID- 1217593
TI  - [Electrolytes and nitrogen-containing components of the amniotic fluid in normal
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1217594
TI  - [Contents of immunoglobulins in the amnotic fluids].

PMID- 1217595
TI  - [The role of serotonin in the preparatory period for labor].

PMID- 1217596
TI  - [The influence of pyelonephritis in pregnancy on clinico-immunological
      peculiarities of the newborn].

PMID- 1217597
TI  - [Effects of atropine sulfate and euphylline on the feta cardiac activity in
      complicated pregnancy].

PMID- 1217598
TI  - [Reduction of the arterial pressure with the help of dihydralazin in late toxemia
      of pregnancy].

PMID- 1217599
TI  - [Use of magnesium electrophoresis in the complex treatment of nephropathy in
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1217600
TI  - [Specific features of the external respiration in pregnant women with congenital
      heart diseases of the pallid type].

PMID- 1217602
TI  - [The use of electroanalgesia in regulation of the labor activity].

PMID- 1217601
TI  - [The state of women suffering from rheumatic heart diseases in remote periods
      after labor].

PMID- 1217603
TI  - [Determination of progesterone in the blood plasma in the nullipara by
      competitive protein binding].

PMID- 1217604
TI  - [Changes in the content of placental somatomammotropin in women during normal
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1217605
TI  - [Use of electrophonocardiography of the fetus for the diagnosis of coiling or
      wrapping of the umbilical cord in pregnancy].

PMID- 1217606
TI  - [Immunological ABO incompatibility system in multiple pregnancy and its influence
      on the birth of the twins].

PMID- 1217607
TI  - [The incidence of pyelonephritis in pregnant women].

PMID- 1217608
TI  - [Prevention of staphylococcal diseases in maternity hospitals].

PMID- 1217609
TI  - [Diagnosis of secondary amenorrhea under the conditions of organized specialized
      aid].

PMID- 1217610
TI  - [Specific features of the gonadotropic and ovarian functions in girls following
      surgery of the ovaries].

PMID- 1217611
TI  - [Study of catecholamines and monoamine oxidase activity in the endometrium during
      the normal menstrual cycle].

PMID- 1217612
TI  - [Study of the endometrial aspirate in patients with uterine fibromyoma].

PMID- 1217613
TI  - [Action of progesterone on DNA synthesis in the cancerous endometrium].

PMID- 1217614
TI  - [Various peculiarities of myometrial contractility in fibromyoma of the uterus].

PMID- 1217615
TI  - [Content of sex chromatin in patients with myoma of the uterus].

PMID- 1217616
TI  - [Various problems of conservative treatment in uterine fibromyoma].

PMID- 1217617
TI  - [Results of active detection of early forms of tumors in the ovaries].

PMID- 1217618
TI  - [Changes in the urinary system in patients with benign and malignant tumors].

PMID- 1217619
TI  - [Influence of biostimulators on the staphylococcal immunity in chronic diseases
      of the genital organs].

PMID- 1217620
TI  - [Clinico-functional and morphological analysis of the female genital organs in
      spinal cord lesions].

PMID- 1217621
TI  - [Dynamics of dopamine and luteinizing hormone excretion of the hypophysis in
      patients with secondary amenorrhea].

PMID- 1217622
TI  - [Absorptive-excretory function and hemodynamics of the liver in patients with
      genital endometriosis during the treatment with infecundin].

PMID- 1217623
TI  - [Sexual and physical developmental changes in senior students during the past 10
      years].

PMID- 1217624
TI  - [Possibilities of external electrohysterography in determination of the
      functional status of the uterus in sterility].

PMID- 1217625
TI  - [Problems of pathogenesis and therapy of nonspecific vulvovaginitis].

PMID- 1217626
TI  - [Current use of oral contraceptives].

PMID- 1217627
TI  - [Asphyxia neonatorum and its treatment].

PMID- 1217628
TI  - [Various aspects of the problem of asphyxia neonatorum].

PMID- 1217629
TI  - [The immune interrelations hip between the mother and the fetus in normal and
      disordered embryogenesis].

PMID- 1217630
TI  - [The influence of immunization using a staphylococcal toxoid on the immune status
      the mother and newborn infant].

PMID- 1217631
TI  - [Agglutinators and their role in infectious pathology of the mother and newborn
      infant[].

PMID- 1217632
TI  - [Cytological effect of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of healthy pregnant
      women on fibroplasts of human embryos].

PMID- 1217633
TI  - [Arterial hypertension during pregnancy. Labor and the status of the newborn
      infant].

PMID- 1217634
TI  - [Antigens of the mature palcenta].

PMID- 1217635
TI  - [The use of sigetin in the therapy of fetal growth retardation in the rabbit
      caused by uterine ischemia].

PMID- 1217636
TI  - [Comments on the article by G.M. Savel'eva "Asphyxia neonatorum and its
      treatment"].

PMID- 1217637
TI  - [Active management of the postpartum period].

PMID- 1217638
TI  - [Labor in uterine fibromyoma].

PMID- 1217639
TI  - [Peculiarities of the phonocardiogram in healthy newborn infants during the 1st
      days of life].

PMID- 1217641
TI  - [Correction of pelvic presentation service during pregnancy under the conditions
      of a maternity consultation service].

PMID- 1217640
TI  - [The influence of aminazine on the postnatal development of the child].

PMID- 1217642
TI  - [Pathomorphological changes in the uterus following cryocoagulation of the
      endometrium].

PMID- 1217644
TI  - [A rare case of uterine hemorrhage from a dilatated varicose vein].

PMID- 1217643
TI  - [A simplified method for the evaluation of a hysterogram using AZ Khasin's
      method].

PMID- 1217645
TI  - [Transplacental transmission of immunological memory to the fetus from an immune
      mother].

PMID- 1217647
TI  - [Various problems of immunology of lactation].

PMID- 1217646
TI  - [Immunoglobulins of blood serum and colostrum in pregnant women].

PMID- 1217648
TI  - [Autosensitization in late pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 1217649
TI  - [Reaction of the basophils and hemagglutinating antibodies in pregnancy
      complicated by late toxemia].

PMID- 1217650
TI  - [Autoallergy and histo-hematic permeability in normal pregnancy and late
      pregnancy toxemia].

PMID- 1217651
TI  - [Various immunologic aspects of ectopic pregnancy].

PMID- 1217652
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of puerperal mastitis].

PMID- 1217654
TI  - [Use of microlymphocytotoxic test for study of leukocytic isosensitization in
      normal and pathological pregnancy].

PMID- 1217653
TI  - [Immunologic function of the amniotic fluid].

PMID- 1217655
TI  - [Outpatient findings of patients with anemia during pregnancy].

PMID- 1217656
TI  - [Cellular immunity reactions to fetal tissue antigens and in vitro formation and
      development of the processes of autosensitization in women during physiological
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1217657
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandin F2alpha on the isolated rat uterus as dependent on the
      hormonal state and adrenergic mechanisms].

PMID- 1217658
TI  - [Study of the effect of gestanon on the early development of the human embryo].

PMID- 1217660
TI  - [Diagnositic and therapeutic possibilities in peritonitis following cesarean
      section].

PMID- 1217659
TI  - [Efficacy of corticoid therapy in the anemic states of pregnant women].

PMID- 1217662
TI  - [Intra-amniotic instillation of a hypertonic solution via the cervical canal].

PMID- 1217661
TI  - [Effect of a microbial finding in cervical incompetence on the effectiveness of
      cerclage].

PMID- 1217663
TI  - [Ovarian form of luteinic insufficiency].

PMID- 1217664
TI  - [Role of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones in the etiopathogenesis of
      the Stein-Leventhal syndrome].

PMID- 1217665
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and calcium in the blood serum during the menstrual cycle in
      women with genital tuberculosis].

PMID- 1217666
TI  - [Effect of the Lippes loop on the uterine mucosa and cervix uteri after its long
      term usage].

PMID- 1217667
TI  - [Special and intensive care for the distressed newborn infant. I. Organization].

PMID- 1217668
TI  - [Case of a gigantic fetus].

PMID- 1217669
TI  - [Case of cervical pregnancy].

PMID- 1217670
TI  - [Combined method of estriol determination in the urine of pregnant women].

PMID- 1217671
TI  - [Ultrastructural changes in the chorion of women under the effect of high doses
      of gestanon].

PMID- 1217672
TI  - [Infertility in a woman with pyelonephritis and nephritis].

PMID- 1217673
TI  - [Use of E-aminocaproic acid for blocking uterine contractions in threatened,
      premature labor and late abortion].

PMID- 1217674
TI  - [Attempt to elucidate the causes of certain complications following artificial
      abortion using radioisotopes].

PMID- 1217675
TI  - [Endometriosis and repeated cesarean section].

PMID- 1217676
TI  - [Chromosomal aberration in the husband as a probable cause of malformations in
      the fetus].

PMID- 1217677
TI  - [Sperm liquefaction in men from sterile families].

PMID- 1217679
TI  - [Ovarian function and leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in occupational contact with
      organic solvents].

PMID- 1217678
TI  - [Transvaginal surgical approach in extracting Bartholin's cysts].

PMID- 1217680
TI  - [Rheographic study of the organs of the lesser pelvis in healthy women and in
      those with chronic inflammatory diseases of the genitalia].

PMID- 1217681
TI  - [Rare case of a foreign body in a child].

PMID- 1217682
TI  - [Labor after direct myomectomy of a vaginal myoma].

PMID- 1217683
TI  - [Axillary plexus block with long-acting local anaesthetics (a comparative study
      of etidocaine and bupivacaine) (author's transl)].
AB  - Brachial and axillary plexus blockade was carried out on volunteers using a
      mixture of etidocaine 1% with adrenaline, and bupivacine 0,5% with adrenaline.
      Both drugs are long-acting local anaesthetics. No difference has been established
      with regard to duration of analgesia and motor nerve block. Blockade of
      sympathetic nerve fibres lasts significantly longer with bupivacaine than with
      etidocaine. With the latter motor blockade seems to be more strongly influenced
      and significantly outlasts sensory sympathetic nerve block. The results and
      findings of other authors are discussed, and whether the different behaviour of
      the 2 long acting local anaesthetics in this context implies a different affinity
      of the drugs to the different types of nerves.

PMID- 1217684
TI  - [The respiratory effect of doxapram and pentazocine and their interaction
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A 2X2 factorially designed study has been done to determine the respiratory
      effects of pentazocine and doxapram in terms of the minute ventilation end
      expiratory PCO2 response curve. Pentazocine 30 mg intramuscularly produced marked
      respiratory depression. Doxapram 60 mg intramuscularly produced significant
      respiratory stimulation. When this dose of doxapram was given in combination with
      30 mg pentazocine it produced significant reduction in the amount of respiratory
      depression induced by the narcotic. The statistical analysis did not show that
      there was anything to suggest this effect was more than additive.

PMID- 1217685
TI  - [First-aid measures in 939 fatally injured victims (author's transl)].
AB  - In a retrospective study first-aid measures taken in 939 individuals who had died
      from accidents and the means of transport were investigated. At the scene of
      accident, emergency medical technicians have been and will in future be the ones
      to take first measures (43%). Physicians (22%) and untrained persons (20%) alike
      have been found to attend to victims at about the same frequency. In 37% of the
      cases first-aid was administered in the form of conservative measures.
      Resuscitation, artificial respiration and infusions were instituted in only a few
      cases. 10% of the victims died at the site of the accident. Of 245 hospitalized
      individuals 15% had suffered shock, 9% were admitted for aspiration and 2% had
      died from excessive blood loss. In 80% of the cases both primary and secondary
      transport was by ambulance. In view of the above situation it is, therefore,
      urged that first-aid training of laymen be organized on a broad scale and that
      all possibilities of providing instruction be exploited. Emergency medical
      technicians should receive well-founded and goal-oriented training enabling them
      to master the outlined complications. Since adequate first-aid care from other
      physicians has not been available, there is a need to enlist increasingly the
      services of specially trained emergency ambulance physicians.

PMID- 1217686
TI  - [Results in intensive care of older patients (author's transl)].
AB  - An increasing number of old on senile patients now submit to major surgery and
      intensive therapy for these patients is often indicated. The development in
      medicine has led to very good results being obtained in many of these cases.
      Patients this age-group may have pre-existing injuries, organ changes and
      restricted abilities to compensate, which means that when certain complications
      follow one must examine carefully the indication for continuing intensive
      therapy, in order to avoid needless and painful life-prolonging measures. Our own
      experiences with 54 patients are discussed.

PMID- 1217687
TI  - [Retropharyngeal dissection, a rare complication of nasal intubation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Three cases are described of retropharyngeal dissection as a complication of
      nasal intubation. In each case after introduction of the tube through the nose
      the tip failed to appear in the pharynx. Palpation revealed that the tube lay in
      the submucous plane.

PMID- 1217688
TI  - A teaching and training device for resuscitation. The "AMBU-simulator" (author's
      transl).
AB  - The AMBU-Simulator represents a new designed manikin for teaching cardiopulmonary
      resuscitation. It simulates rather realistically the anatomical and physiological
      conditions. Moreover it eliminates the danger of cross infection completely.
      Various indicators control the efficacy of CPR measures.

PMID- 1217689
TI  - Neutralization of heparin after extracorporeal circulation.
AB  - In a two group-study of patients with and without postoperative haemorrhagic
      diathesis after ECC tests were undertaken to ascertain whether a postoperative
      haemorrhagic diathesis after neutralization of Heparin is due to the use of
      protamine-chloride or stet to a preoperative existing disturbance of the
      coagulation system. At the end of the ECC, a strongly marked fibrinolysis has
      been found to take place, together with an increased turnover of coagulation
      factors i.e. DIC. These results indicate that we are not concerned with a primary
      fibrinolysis, which would be characterized by plasminaemia, but rather with a
      reactive fibrinolysis. This coagulation disturbance was more marked in the group
      with postoperative haemorrhagic diathesis and it became even more pronounced
      after neutralization with protamine-chloride. From the results we obtained in our
      tests, the bleeding which occurs after the neutralization of heparin with
      protamine-chloride can be explained by increased DIC. We think a so-called
      "heparin-rebound-effect" is improbable as a cause of this postoperative bleeding
      complication. When there is DIC at the end of the by-pass time, one should avoid
      neutralizing the heparin and continue the heparin treatment for the same reason.

PMID- 1217690
TI  - [Sodium- and water balance in the dog in the conscious state and under nitrous
      oxide and barbiturate anesthesia (author's transl)].
AB  - By a suitable pattern of saline infusion we established an equilibrium between
      input and renal output of sodium and water in the conscious animal, which was
      maintained for six hours. During this period of equilibrium we found an increase
      in GFR, plasma volume and functional ECFV of about 30% each, the amount of
      intravascular protein and albumin being unchanged. Under nitrous-oxide and
      thiopentone anaesthesia renal sodium and water excretion was unchanged compared
      with values of conscious animals. However there was a striking decrease in plasma
      volume as well as in circulating protein and albumin by approximately 20%.
      Similarly functional ECFV (sulphate space) was found to be reduced under
      thiopentone anaesthesia. Retention of sodium about 12 hours after the end of
      anesthesia amounted to 7% of the quantities infused (about 50 mval per animal),
      whilst the applied water load had been completely excreted.

PMID- 1217691
TI  - [Suppression of concomitant thrombosis in central venous catheters
      (infraclavicular route) by salicylates (author's transl)].
AB  - The antithrombogenetic effects of salicylates (Colfarit) were studied to
      determine whether thrombosis due to the catheter could be reduced. 50 patients
      with vena-cavacatheters (infraclavicular route) were examined by phlebography. 25
      patients received no antithrombotic medications and served as the control group.
      In these cases 35% showed evidence of thrombus formation. The remaining 25
      patients received salicylates. By this measure catheter-induced thrombosis was
      reduced by 67%.

PMID- 1217692
TI  - A method to assess the passage of diethyl ether and halothane across the placenta
      during anaesthesia for caesarean section.
AB  - A method was elaborated to assess the transplacental passage of inhalatory
      anaesthetic agents--diethyl ether and halothane during Caesarean section. The
      method is based on measurements of blood concentrations of these agents in
      material venous blood and in arterial and venous blood taken from the umbilical
      cord during the operation. Halothane and diethyl ether concentrations were
      determined by means of gas chromatography. The studies were carried out on 2
      groups of 25 cases each. The obtained results indicate that diethyl ether passes
      in a higher degree across the placenta than halothane. The mean ratio of
      halothane concentrations in foetal venous blood to maternal venous blood
      determined in 25 cases was 0.664 and diethyl ether ratio was 0.988.

PMID- 1217693
TI  - Comparative study of the action of naloxone (Narcan) and nalorphine in man.
AB  - The comparative study of 2 narcotic antagonists, naloxone and nalorphine, was
      performed in healthy volunteers. The influence of these drugs on the respiratory
      and cicularoty systems and on the psychical state was compared. The study was
      carried out in a double-blind, cross-over manner. Increasing doses of naloxone
      and placebo or nalorphine and placebo, were administered intravenously. Naloxone,
      even in very high doses, caused no changes in cardivascular system, acid-base
      balance, sensitivity of respiratory centre to carbon dioxide and psychical state
      of volunteers. After the administration of nalorphine, even in very small doses,
      changes in psychical state in all examined subjects were observed. Nalorphine
      caused the significant change in the ventilatory response to CO2. Based on their
      results, the authors conclude that naloxone has no agonist or intrinsic narcotic
      activity, as opposed to nalorphine possessing strong narcotic action.

PMID- 1217694
TI  - Studies on the effects of neuroleptanalgesics on certain parameters of
      coagulation and fibrinolysis.
AB  - The effects of droperidol and fentanyl on certain parameters of coagulation and
      fibrinolysis were studied. It was found that these drugs have no effect on the
      time of clot formation, fibrinogen level, platelet count and values of the
      thrombelastographic curve. The euglobulin lysis time was also not significantly
      changed following neuroleptanalgesia.

PMID- 1217695
TI  - Effects of divided doses of neostigmine on the dynamics of decurarization.
AB  - In 37 patients the effect of neostigmine administered in divided doses (0.1 to
      0.5 mg) on the dynamics of decurarization was studied by evaluating the tidal
      volume and respiratory rate. It was found that doses of neostigmine caused a
      continuous rise in tidal volume. Normalization of the tidal volume depended on
      the dose administered. The rate of decurarization depended also on the duration
      of the operation and the time of administration of the last d-tubocurarine dose.
      The proposed method of decurarization enables a safe reversal of d-tubocurarine
      effect to be obtained with a small dose of neostigmine.

PMID- 1217696
TI  - Side effects of inhalational anaesthetic agents in man in early stage following
      anaesthesia.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to assess the functional state of the liver as well
      as the acid-base and electrolyte equilibrium during the first 24-hours after
      operation. Tne kinds of inhalational anaesthesia were applied in 170 patients
      evaluating the usefulness of routine tests for observation of side effects of
      anaesthesia. Significant early changes were observed in liver function following
      halothane anaesthesia, particularly when the patients received other inhalational
      anaesthetics together with halothane. Determinations of the activity of
      aminotransferases, aldolase, diastase and bilirubin are useful in the evaluation
      of early side effects of agents used in general anaesthesia.

PMID- 1217697
TI  - Acupuncture applied as a method of analgesia for oral surgery with particular
      reference to dental operations.
AB  - The purpose of the first, experimental part of this work was an attempt to
      elaborate a simple method of analgesia by means of acupuncture for oral surgical
      procedures in out-patients. The experiments were carried out on 60 volunteers
      using various points and types of stimulation. Analgesia was obtained in 78.3% of
      cases but only in very small areas which could make possible procedures on
      premolar and molar teeth or in the vicinity of palatine tonsils. Stimulation with
      rectangular, alternating-current impulses applied through the needles was found
      to be most effective. The volunteers were divided into two groups--those in group
      I were told in advance what the procedure would be, these in group II were not.
      Similar results obtained in both groups would rule out the effects of suggestion
      or hypnosis as the mechanism of acupuncture. In the 2nd part of this work the
      method was applied in 10 patients undergoing dental surgery and sufficient
      analgesia was achieved in 7 cases. The unreliability of the method, the length of
      time necessary for induction of analgesia and the very small area of analgesia
      make this method unsuitable for widespread use in outpatient practice.

PMID- 1217698
TI  - Influence of music on the minute oxygen consumption and basal metabolic rate.
AB  - The authors studied the effect of soothing and exciting music on the respiratory
      function in man, and particularly on minute oxygen consumption and basal
      metabolic rate. The investigations were carried out on 30 patients and the
      obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis. Soothing music decreased
      minute ventilation, minute oxygen consumption and basal metabolic rate, while
      exciting music slightly increased these parameters.

PMID- 1217699
TI  - Effect of music on airway resistance in patients.
AB  - The authors studied the effect of music on airway resistance in man. The
      evaluation was carried out by analysing the corresponding segments of FEV1 curve
      and the inspiration/expiration ratio in 30 patients. No statistically significant
      changes in this resistance were observed. The only finding was the presence of
      individually varying reactions, which were, sometimes, quite evident.

PMID- 1217700
TI  - The effect of ketamine in patients with refractory hiccup in the postoperative
      period. Preliminary report.
AB  - In 5 cases of refractory postoperative hiccup the authors observed a favourable
      effect of a single dose of ketamine administered intravenously. Earlier applied
      procedures and drugs failed to control hiccup or alleviated it for only a short
      time. In all cases the overfilling of the stomach was ruled out as a cause of
      hiccup by routine preliminary examination. The doses of ketamine used (0.5 mg/kg
      of body weight) caused no central nervous system disturbances in postoperative
      patients. In view of the small number of observed cases the authors regard this
      report as a preliminary communication and as an encouragement for further
      investigations on the usefulness of ketamine in the treatment of postoperative
      hiccup and also in treatment of hiccup in patients in other medical specialities.

PMID- 1217701
TI  - Microgenia as a factor making endotracheal intubation impossible.
AB  - The authors report a case of microgenia which made endotracheal intubation
      impossible in a patient with pharyngeal stenosis. It is suggested that
      laryngological examination should precede the operation and when endotracheal
      intubation is impossible tracheostomy should be performed.

PMID- 1217702
TI  - Quantitation of stained proteins in SDS polyacrylamide gels with lysozyme as
      internal standard.

PMID- 1217703
TI  - The radioactive labeling of proteins with an iodinated amidination reagent.

PMID- 1217704
TI  - Population parameters. Acquisition and analysis of electrophoretic brain protein
      patterns by minicomputer-coupled densitometry.

PMID- 1217706
TI  - Electrophoresis with continuous scanning densitometry: separation of cells in a
      density gradient.

PMID- 1217705
TI  - Albumin immobilized on agarose as a tool for measuring ligand binding of proteins
      or peptides.

PMID- 1217707
TI  - Neuraminidase assay utilizing sialyl-oligosaccharide substrates with tritium
      labeled aglycone.

PMID- 1217708
TI  - Preparative purification of homogenous steroid-active isozyme of horse liver
      alcohol dehydrogenase by affinity chromatography on an immobilized AMP-analog.

PMID- 1217709
TI  - A modified technique for the quantitative analysis of amino acids by gas
      chromatography using heptafluorobutyric n-propyl derivatives.

PMID- 1217710
TI  - Fluorometric assay of tubulin-colchicine complex.

PMID- 1217711
TI  - Radioassay of orotic acid phosphoribosyltransferase and orotidylate decarboxylase
      utilizing a high-voltage paper electrophoresis technique or an improved 14CO2-
      release method.

PMID- 1217713
TI  - A computer program for processing data from amino acid analysis and for the
      calculation of molecular weights from those data.

PMID- 1217712
TI  - Acidic cleavage of the aspartyl-proline band and the limitations of the reaction.

PMID- 1217714
TI  - Possible cause and stabilization of counting rate for 14C-labled trichloroacetic
      acid in toluene/Triton scintillation solution.

PMID- 1217715
TI  - Use of phosph-cellulose paper disks for the assay of histone acetyltransferase.

PMID- 1217716
TI  - The use of picric acid as a simple monitoring procedure for automated peptide
      synthesis.

PMID- 1217717
TI  - The preparation of tritiated betulaprenols and dolichols.

PMID- 1217718
TI  - The use of standards for malonyldialdehyde.

PMID- 1217720
TI  - Improved method for isolation of mitochondria from chick breast muscle using
      Nagarse.

PMID- 1217719
TI  - A method for the quantitative determination of hypoglycin A in the presence of
      leucine.

PMID- 1217721
TI  - Chromatography of dansyl-peptides from tryptic digests of electrophoretically
      separated proteins.

PMID- 1217722
TI  - Sedimentation velocity studies on microgram quantities of rat intestinal goblet
      cell mucin.

PMID- 1217723
TI  - Amination of carboxyl-terminal homoserine peptides as an aid in peptide
      separation.

PMID- 1217725
TI  - Use of a simple gamma flow cell to monitor chromatography column effluents
      containing 75Se.

PMID- 1217724
TI  - An on-line method for the collection and analysis of quasi-steady-state kinetic
      data for enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

PMID- 1217726
TI  - Effects of drying tritiated testosterone glucuronide and testosterone sulfate on
      counting efficiency.

PMID- 1217727
TI  - Lowry assay of dilute protein solutions containing high concentrations of Triton
      X-100.

PMID- 1217728
TI  - A simple method to identify plasma amine oxidase activity band on polyacrylamide
      gel1.

PMID- 1217729
TI  - Calibration of a turbidimetric assay for sulfide.

PMID- 1217730
TI  - A linear standard curve for the Folin Lowry determination of protein.

PMID- 1217731
TI  - An inexpensive membrane filtration manifold.

PMID- 1217732
TI  - [Studies on the state of pneumatization of the sinus maxillaris].
AB  - A report on 2940 x-rayfilm observations to show the behaviour of the
      pneumatisation of the maxillar sinus is beeing given. The greatest extension is
      reached at the age of 19th to 30 and show deminishing tendenz at later ages. The
      maxillar sinus is significantly smaller in  the nonfemale than in the female. The
      left maxillar sinus is significantly larger than the right, just like in the
      feminie, however without statistical significance. 301 cleft proband show a
      significance smaller maxillar sinus in comparisation to normal persons.

PMID- 1217733
TI  - [Mutual dependence of the visceral and cerebral cranium for stress resistance].

PMID- 1217734
TI  - Palatal epithelium of a monotreme and a marsupial.
AB  - The palatal epithelium of a monotreme, Tachyglossus aculeatus and a marsupial,
      Tarsipes spenserae were examined histologically and with the scanning electron
      microscope. Each animal possess keratinized palatal spines which although
      histologically similar, show significant differences in their external
      morphology. It is suggested that the spines in each case are highly
      differentiated filiform papillae which have developed as a compensatory mechanism
      of mastication, since both animals are in effect, edentulous. In the light of
      these findings and observations on the tongue of both animals, it is suggested
      that a degree of parallel evolution of the palate (as part of the masticatory
      apparatus) has occurred.

PMID- 1217735
TI  - [Structure of the upper airways of the white rat (Mus rattus norvegicus, var.
      albinos)].

PMID- 1217736
TI  - [Innervation of the kidney in Lacerta muralis (Laur)].
AB  - Study of the kidney innervation in the lizard (Lacerta muralis), using the silver
      impregnation technique, showed nerve terminals with the same contiguous
      relationship to the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and Bowman's capsule
      as in Mammals. Innervation of these segments may serve to regulate the
      contractile activity assigned to the capsule and tubule epithelial cells by
      various workers. Perimetral fibres were also noted on the so-called "sexual
      segment". Their target is probably the myoepithelial cells that surround this
      segment, though the possibility that they regulate its secretory activity cannot
      be excluded.

PMID- 1217737
TI  - Some studies of the centrum tendineum of the diaphragm of camel (Camelus
      dromedarius).
AB  - Thirty eight centrum tendineum of camel from both sexes and of different ages,
      and fifteen diaphragms of camel fetuses of different CR length were used for the
      description of the morphological and micromorphological features of the centrum
      tendineum. The centrum tendineum was found to be formed from two sheets. The
      collagenous fibres in the abdominal sheet are radially arranged, while the
      thoracic sheet is formed from circularly arranged fibres superficially and
      radiating fibres deeply. Our study reveals the presence of a central node of
      cancellous bony tissue to which the fibrellar elements of the centrum tendineum
      are fixed and from which they radiate. The os diaphragmaticum and its
      cartilagenous primordium were described.

PMID- 1217738
TI  - Some anatomical and histological studies on the arterial supply of the nasal
      cavity of the buffalo in Egypt (Bos bubalis L.).
AB  - The nasal cavity of the buffalo received its blood supply from the sphenopalatine
      and the external ethmoidal arteries; the former vessel chiefly supplied the
      respiratory portion of the nasal mucosa, while the latter was distributed to the
      olfactory region. The greater palatine artery supplied a palatonasal branch in
      the most extreme oral part of the nasal floor. The nasal vestibule received
      bronches from both the maxillary labial and infraorbital arteries. The arteries
      are of the muscular type and presented in addition ot the usual structure of
      their walls, thin-walled and thick-walled types. Stalked polsters are encountered
      in the branches of the arterial vessels having walls of the normal thickness. The
      appearance of the longitudinally arranged smooth muscle fibers found in the
      intime of some of the subepithelial small arteries and arterioles is suggestive
      of their epitheloid structure.

PMID- 1217739
TI  - Functional morpho-histology of the alimentary canal of an Indian frewhwater major
      carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) during it's different life-history stages.
AB  - 1. The alimentary canal of the fry of L. rohita (Hamilton) is of the carnivorous
      type in nature and disposition with a low relative length of the gut (R. L. G.).
      2. End-buds are present. The buccopharyngeal region has a simple epithelial
      surface. Mucous cells are small and few throughout the length of the alimentary
      canal. The presence of these structures in association with a zooplankton feeding
      habit indicate that the fries are primarily sightfeeders and carnivorous. 3. With
      increase in age and body-length, the food and feeding habits of the fish undergo
      changes and accordingly the fingerlings and adults become herbivorous. The value
      of the R. L. G. steadily increases and the alimentary canal gradually develops
      into the typically herbivorous type. 4. Tast buds by now become completely
      developed and have lamina propria, sustentacular cells, neuroepithelial cells,
      gustatory pores and gustatory canals. 5. Taste buds are abundant in the lip,
      buccopharynx and anterior oesophagus. The buccopharyngeal region is also provided
      with distinct villi. Mucous cells are abundant and large being present throughout
      the alimentary canal. 6. The frequency, length, breadth and distribution of the
      mucous cells and taste buds are significantly different in marked contrast with
      those of the fry thus indicating that the fingerlings and adults depend primarily
      on their gustatory organs for feeding. The fingerlings and adults therefore, are
      herbivorous and tast feeders.

PMID- 1217740
TI  - [Vascular supply of the sheep udder].

PMID- 1217741
TI  - Anatomical studies on the optic chiasma in the Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).
AB  - The optic chiasma of the buffalo was a transversely oval body, averaging 9.0 +/-
      0.89 X 12.3 +/- 0.48 X 5.0 +/- 0.48 mm. Its shape was like a letter "X". This was
      located 2--3 mm cranial to the pituitary. Following unilateral enucleation, the
      degenerating myelinated fibres were noted throughout the optic chiasma, and in
      both the optic tracts. The degeneration in the contralateral optic tract was more
      dense. By enumerating the degenerating fibres in the remnant optic nerve, in the
      ipsilateral and contralateral optic tracts it was noted that 57.34% of the optic
      nerve fibres crossed over and only 12.29% of the fibres remained uncrossed.

PMID- 1217742
TI  - Ultrastructure of the basal cell and the acinar capsule of rat ventral prostate.
AB  - The rat ventral prostate was fixed by perfusion and studied with the light and
      the electron microscope. In the light microscopy, few solitary basal cells
      appeared between the secretory epithelial cells and the capsule. In the electron
      microscopy, the basal cells lay among the secretory epithelial cells and on the
      acinar basal lamina, and their fine structural features were different from those
      of the ordinary secretory epithelial cells and rather resembled those of an
      undifferentiated secretory epithelial cells. Further the basal cells were
      characterized by the presence of the numerous pinocytotic vesicles and of the
      solitary cilia. The pinocytotic vesicles were also encountered in the capsular
      smooth muscle cells in the capillary endothelial cells which were located between
      the secretory epithelial cells and the acinar capsule. The amount of the
      cytoplasmic filaments in the basal cells was considerably smaller than in the
      myoepithelial cells.

PMID- 1217743
TI  - Experimental studies on the effects of aluminum on pregnancy and fetal
      development.
AB  - The effects of aluminum on pregnancy and fetal development were investigated.
      Aluminum in the form of aluminum chloride was administered intraperitoneally to
      pregnant rats at different dose-levels and at different stages of gestation. A
      high incidence of maternal death followed treatment with high dose-levels of the
      substance. Maternal weight gain during the entire gestational period was less in
      treated animals, compared to controls. In many cases, maternal liver was severely
      damaged as a result of the treatment. The offspring of mothers treated with
      aluminum chloride showed significant growth retardation as well as skeletal
      defects. In addition the incidence of fetal deaths and resorption was
      significantly increased.

PMID- 1217744
TI  - The distribution of argyrophile and argentaffin cells in the small intestine of
      rabbits.
AB  - The distribution of argentaffin and argyrophile cells has been studied in the
      small intestine of six rabbits. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The density of
      argentaffin and argyrophile cells is variable over the length of the small
      intestine. 2. Both types of cells are most numerous in the duodenum. 3. The
      overall pattern of distribution reveals a sharp fall in the density of these
      cells in the proximal one third, or so, of the small intestine. Thereafter, the
      curve of distribution is almost flat for argentaffin cells while there is a very
      gradual fall in the density of argyrophile cells. 4. The curve of distribution of
      both argentaffin and argyrophile cells show the presence of a number of waves of
      rising and falling density. 5. There are considerable species variations in the
      distribution of argyrophile and argentaffin cells.

PMID- 1217745
TI  - Anatomical studies on the optic tract (tractus opticus) of the Indian buffalo
      (Bubalus bubalis).
AB  - The optic tract of the buffalo was found to begin from the posterolateral angle
      of the chiasma, from where it extended laterally for about 8 mm. Each tract was
      round in its initial portion, but was flattened subsequently. In its course to
      the corpus geniculatum laterale (CGL), it swept round the homolateral cerebral
      peduncle. The tract fibres entered the CGL chiefly on its ventrolateral aspect.
      The optic fibres appeared to enter the CGL as individual fibres. The fibres in
      the optic tract were mostly myelinated. There were 253823 +/- 27534-254800 +/-
      29232 myelinated fibres in it. There was no fascicular arrangement of these
      fibres. The calibre of the myelinated fibres in the optic tract varied from 1-12
      microns. A fibre diameter analysis revealed an unimodal distribution of these
      fibres with a peak at 2 microns. Thinner fibres predominated in the peripheral
      portion of the optic tract. In the central portion, fibres of larger diameter
      were seen in greater numbers.

PMID- 1217746
TI  - [Anatomico-topographical studies on the side walls of the mediastinum in adult
      humans].

PMID- 1217747
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic description of the surface of the cavum
      leptomeningeum].
AB  - 1. After fixation with formalin or gluteraldehyd and OSO4 the cavum
      leptomeningeum of pig and cow has been investigated. The obtained specimen were
      dried in critical-point-method. 2. The results were quite congruente to the
      literature when we magnified the specimen with slight magnification. The
      trabeculas and membranes go to the Arachnoidea in a diverging way. Moreover we
      have found the following phenomena: 3. The mesothelium of the cavum
      leptomeningeum possesses microvilli and pored gaps. 4. The fragility of the
      mesothelium and the danger of producing artefacts in preparation has been
      observed.

PMID- 1217748
TI  - Comparative study of the major arterial branches of the descending aorta, and
      their supply to the abdominal viscera in the domestic turkey (Meleagris
      gallopavo).

PMID- 1217749
TI  - Comparative study of the arterial blood supply of the head and neck in the
      domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo).

PMID- 1217751
TI  - A note on the quantitative anatomical study of the trachea in the Indian buffalo
      (Bubalus bubalis).
AB  - A quantitative study of the trachea in buffalo has been made. The trachea is
      found to be about 37.9 +/- 1.8 cm long. It weighs 219.8 +/- 34.08 gm and its
      capacity is 188.4 +/- 29.3 ml. Its length, weight and capacity appear to be
      significantly interrelated. The bronchus principalis dexter is found to be
      diverging at 23.5 degrees +/- 4.6 degrees angle, whereas the bronchus principalis
      sinister at 34.1 degrees +/- 8.4 degrees. Apart from the first tracheal ring, the
      trachea has the greatest outer transverse, outer vertical, inner transverse and
      inner vertical diameters from the fifth to the twentieth tracheal rings.
      Thereafter, these diameters gradually decrease upto the last tracheal ring, which
      has the shortest corresponding diameters. The vertical diameter is greater than
      the transverse diameter throughout the length of the trachea.

PMID- 1217750
TI  - The fine structure of the intestinal epithelium of Tilapia grahami.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the intestinal epithelium is described in Tilapia grahami.
      The intestine is divisible into cranial, middle and caudal portions. The cranial
      intestine is involved in water anp ion transport as well as in lipid absorption.
      The caudal intestine is important in protein digestion and adsorption. There is
      likely to be some functional overlap in the intermediate middle intestine.

PMID- 1217753
TI  - Adenosine deaminase in the pig: tissue-specific patterns and expression of the
      silent ADA0 allele in nucleated cells.
AB  - By means of polyacrylamide gel and cellulose acetate enzymo-electrophoresis, the
      authors have studied tissue-specific isozymes of adenosine deaminase in the pig;
      these have been correlated to the erythrocytic ABO-like polymorphism. The enzyme
      product of the ADA0 gene was detected in nucleated cells; the absence of the ADA0
      gene product in erythrocytes was tentatively accounted for by an increased in
      vivo lability.

PMID- 1217752
TI  - Isoimmune anti-A blood group reagents in pigs.
AB  - Immunization or reimmunization of A-negative pigs with red blood cells (RBC) from
      A-positive donors yielded anti-A antibodies reacting in high titres with
      phenotype A(Ac) RBC and, in some cases, in low dilutions, with phenotype Aw(Ap)
      RBC also. An attempt to raise the anti-A level by immunization with saliva which
      contained A substance was likewise successful. Repeated immunization of A
      negative recipients with the RBC of A-positive donors (compatible in all other
      factors), with the aid of adjuvant, is recommended as the best way of obtaining
      Aw typing reagents.

PMID- 1217754
TI  - Transferrin polymorphism in Herdwick sheep.
AB  - The transferrin system in Herdwick sheep, bred at Compton, was investigated with
      special reference to the susceptibility of the flock to experimentally produced
      scrapie. No significant correlations were observed between susceptibility and
      transferrin phenotypes.

PMID- 1217755
TI  - Note on a third allele in the erythrocytic NP system of cattle.
AB  - A bull ('Mercure') with an erythrocytic NP (nucleoside phosphorylase), phenotype
      showing a slightly higher anodal mobility has been found. His progeny data
      generally support the hypothesis of a third F allele in addition to the more
      common S and the L alleles, resulting in an ABO-like system.

PMID- 1217756
TI  - Erythrocyte oxidized glutathione in Australian Merino sheep.
AB  - The concentration of GSSG was determined in the erythrocytes of Merino sheep.
      These sheep were grouped according to erythrocyte potassium type, haemoglobin
      type, and GSH type. It was found that haemoglobin and potassium type were not
      correlated with GSSG concentration; however, GSSG concentration was found to be
      significantly correlated with GSH concentration. This relationship may explain
      previously reported differences in ATPase activity and may reflect further
      metabolic differences in the erythrocytes of GSH-high and GSH-low type Merino
      sheep.

PMID- 1217757
TI  - Population differences of aspartate aminotransferase and peptidase in the bay
      mussel Mytilus edulis.
AB  - This investigation has demonstrated considerable heterogeneity among populations
      and some heterogeneity within populations in the distribution of alleles at two
      variant loci of Mytilus edulis. Although the causes of this variation remain
      obscure, some speculations have been made on the basis of available data. A cline
      for aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) alleles has been observed on the Pacific
      Coast. An immigration model has been proposed to explain the atypical ecological
      and genetic characteristics of large mussels found on Amchitka Island, Alaska.
      Marked differences were found in the distribution of peptidase alleles among
      collections from Southern California, the North Pacific Ocean, and New Jersey.
      Deviations from random distribution of phenotypes observed in comparisons made
      between large and small mussels from the New Jersey collection may reflect
      selection operating on these loci in this population.

PMID- 1217758
TI  - Storage characteristics of some vegetables and soft fruits.

PMID- 1217759
TI  - A column chromatography fractionation of the hydroxyproline-containing urinary
      peptides with continuous automatic detection.
AB  - Dialyzable and non-dialyzable urinary hydroxyproline-containing peptides are
      chromatographed respectively on QAE-Sephadex and on phosphocellulose. They are
      detected and quantitated by continuous hydrolysis in 3.3 N NaOH followed by
      oxidation by chloramine T and colorimetry with p-dimethylamino-benzaldehyde. The
      patterns of dialyzable urinary hypropeptides do not show significant qualitative
      differences between normal subjects and patients suffering from Paget's bone
      disease or cancer metastases of bone. The patterns of non-dialyzable urinary
      hypropeptides, show more variability in the case of normal subjects and differ
      more largely in the case of Paget's disease of bone.

PMID- 1217760
TI  - [Use of leukocytes labelled with 99m Technetium sulfide colloids for the
      detection of experimental aseptic inflammatory foci].
AB  - The authors propose a technique of labelling of leukocytes based on the
      phagocytic power of these cells with regard to sulphide particles in the
      colloidal state labelled with 90mmTc. These labelled leukocytes maintain their
      normal function and can be detected in the inflammatory foci created in
      experimental animals in the form of an abscess. Satisfactory results were thus
      obtained by scintiscanning after auto and allo-transfusion of labelled
      leukocytes. The role of hyperemia in the results obtained is eliminated by
      comparative study using non-diffusible vascular tracers. The type of vector,
      tracer and marker, the innocuity of the method suggest that it may be used in
      human clinical medicine for the early diagnosis of certain inflammatory foci.

PMID- 1217761
TI  - [Separation and assay of the MB isoenzyme of serum creatine phosphokinase.
      Results apropos of 152 cases].
AB  - MB iso-enzyme of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was estimated after chromatography.
      The technique used, Mercer's technique, was simple and rapid. It required 1 ml of
      serum. The study carried out in 152 subjects showed that CPK was increased (N
      less than 90 mU/ml). In the group of 104 patients with myocardial infarction
      (average CPK levels = 829 mU/ml +/- 516), the MB iso-enzyme was found in the
      serum in significant levels (average level of the MB fraction = 10.9% +/- 5.4).
      On the other hand, in the control group of 44 patients with various diseases,
      (CPK = 672 mU/ml +/- 531) the MB iso-enzyme remained low (0.35% +/- 0.44). In two
      subjects with myocardial infarction, no MB fraction was found. On the other hand,
      in two patients who died, one from necrotic, prostatic adenocarcinoma, the other
      from necrotic epidermoid lung cancer, the MB iso-enzyme was significantly
      increased. The test proposed here, which is applicable in a routine laboratory,
      seems the most specific of all laboratory examinations available to the clinician
      for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1217763
TI  - [Coarctation of the abdominal aorta. Apropos of 3 recent cases].

PMID- 1217764
TI  - [Super-selective arteriography of the internal carotid and embolization].

PMID- 1217762
TI  - [Hypoglycemia caused by anterior pituitary insufficiency associated with
      pulmonary fibrosis. Apropos of a case].
AB  - The authors report the case of a young man with dissociated anterior pituitary
      insufficiency affecting somatotropic and corticotropic functions, presenting as
      hypoglycaemia as a result of the deficiencies mentioned, primary hypothyroidism
      and, in addition, pulmonary fibrosis of uncertain aetiology, pulmonary biopsy not
      having been carried out. The aetiology of this double pulmonary and endocrine
      involvement is presumably the same. Sarcoidosis seems unlikely, whilst
      histiocytosis X with pulmonary, anterior pituitary and/or hypothalamic and
      thyroid involvement is much more probable.

PMID- 1217765
TI  - [2 unusual anatomo-clinical cases of giant-cell aortitis. Aortic dissection.
      Association with myocarditis].

PMID- 1217766
TI  - [Fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium. Study of 2 cases in the same family].

PMID- 1217767
TI  - [Contractures of the lower limbs during panhypopituitarism].

PMID- 1217769
TI  - [Use of the FEVsec/theortical FEVsec ratio in the evaluation of respiratory
      insufficiency in chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathies].

PMID- 1217768
TI  - [Amenorrhea of hypothalamic origin revealing hydrocephalus caused by latent
      stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius].

PMID- 1217771
TI  - [Infectious endocarditis in a neurosurgical unit].
AB  - Clinico-pathological study of 15 cases of cerebral complications of bacterial
      endocarditis referred to a neurosurgical unit for suspected cerebral abcess. In
      all cases but one, cerebral symptoms appeared with the cardiac condition
      undiagnosed, and complete diagnosis was made only at autopsy. Cerebral lesions
      consisted mainly in focal softening due to embolisms, generally multiple, with in
      about half the cases histological manifestations of bacterial seeding, without
      any abcess such as could be amenable to neurosurgical treatment. Surgical
      treatment of mycotic aneurysms was unsuccessful, due mainly to their
      multiplicity.

PMID- 1217770
TI  - [Partial deficiency of cell-mediated immunity in a child with chronic
      mucocutaneous candidiasis. Intercurrent meningeal and pulmonary cryptococcosis].
AB  - The authors report a new case of partial immune deficiency of cellular immunity,
      associated with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in a 12 Years-old boy. The
      disease began very early during the first few weeks of life, with thrush in the
      mouth. This candidiasis then evolved intermittently and was still present.
      Numerous cutaneous, pulmonary and ear infections occured throughout this child's
      life. This morbid association led to a search for an immune deficiency. Humoral
      immunity was normal. Abnormalities of cellular immunity were as follows: apart
      from candidine skin anergy, there was a deficiency in the factor which inhibits
      leukocyte migration, secretion of a factor favouring this migration (MEF). It was
      also noted the presence of the patient's serum, of a factor inhibiting lymphocyte
      transformation in the presence of candidine. In spite of treatment with
      intravenous route, amphotericin B, followed by transfer factor, the oral
      candidiasis persisted together with the skin anergy to candidine. On the other
      hand, the serum inhibitory factor disappeared. Pulmonary cryptococcosis probably
      favoured by corticosteroid treatment, developed on this background of immune
      deficiency; as usual it spread to the meninges. Treatment associating
      intraveinous amphotericin B and 5 fluorocytosine oral and later intravenous,
      total duration 6 months, grave a recovery maintained on a 8 months follow up.

PMID- 1217773
TI  - [Per-operative deep hypotension induced with sodium nitroprussiate during radical
      surgery of intracranial saccular aneurysms].

PMID- 1217772
TI  - [Coagulation factors during the development of common viral hepatitis].
AB  - The authors have analysed the development of various coagulation factors in 104
      cases of common virus hepatitis in young adults. Total plasma coagulability, the
      prothrombin complex, factors VIII and IX, fibrination and fibrinolysis were
      followed up during this evolution and compared, using the usual statistical
      methods, with the results of the same investigations carried out on 100 healthy
      subjects belonging to the same age-group and on 31 patients suffering from
      cirrhosis of the liver. Statistical methods showed up the slightest disturbances
      of any significance which would have been overlooked if individual results only
      had been examined. As it was, there was total plasma hypercoagulability which was
      at its maximum at the onset of development but which persisted until the 7th
      week. It was mainly connected with an abnormality at the second stage of
      fibrination, that is : polymerisation of the fibrin monomers. The results
      obtained do not allow a conclusion to be drawn as to whether there exists an
      antipolymerase or dysfibrinogenaemia. Later research dealing specifically with
      the chemical structure of fibrinogen in hepatitis should provide further
      information. In practice, assessment of total plasma coagulability, using
      cephalinkaolin time, and analysis of fibrination by thrombin time are of definite
      value on account of their sensitivity.

PMID- 1217774
TI  - [A case of acute tropical myositis].

PMID- 1217775
TI  - [Severe renal and pancreatic complications during treatment with pentamidine in
      African trypanosomiasis].

PMID- 1217776
TI  - [African trypanosomiasis at the Claude-Bernard  Hospital (diagnostic
      circumstances and therapeutic problems)].

PMID- 1217777
TI  - [Undetected hydatid cysts of the liver].

PMID- 1217778
TI  - [Ulcerous stenosis of the small intestine following prolonged ingestion of
      potassium chloride in a subject with hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis].

PMID- 1217779
TI  - [Current aspects of chronic cecal amoebomas. Apropos of 3 cases].

PMID- 1217780
TI  - [Pseudo-Pott spondylodiscitis during ankylosing spondylarthritis].

PMID- 1217781
TI  - [Leucosarcomatosis. Apropos of 5 cases].

PMID- 1217782
TI  - [Apropos of a recent case of Dubin-Johnson disease. Anatomopathological and
      ultrastructural study].

PMID- 1217783
TI  - [Nutrition and taxonomy of "enterobacteriaceae" and related bacteria. II. General
      results and classification (author's transl)].
AB  - A study of 186 strains belonging to eleven genera of the family
      Enterobacteriaceae and to three genera of the family Vibrionaceae has been
      carried out in order to determine their "versatility" towards 146 organic
      substrates tested as sole source of carbon and energy. Glucose was the only
      substrate used by all the strains; gluconate and glycerol were used by
      respectively 184 and 185 strains; 55 substrates were used by no one strains. The
      90 substrates which were used by a fraction of the strains have served to
      establish a numerical classification of our strains, exclusively relied on these
      nutritional characters. In using the distinctness coefficient, it was possible to
      cut the dendrogram into 32 "classes" which may be clustered into 7 "groups" or 2
      "sets": the obtained taxa are approximatively similar to the ones which are
      actually described on the basis of morphological and biochemical characters. The
      studied strains use 32.7 +/- 11.1 substrates on an average: the "eutrophic
      Klebsielleae group", which is the most versatile, uses 49.5 substrates on an
      average, and the "Shigella group", the lease versatile one, only uses 16.5
      substrates on an average. The strains of the set 1 (100 strains) use 39.0
      substrates on an average: all they belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The
      strains of the set 2 (86 strains) use 25.8 substrates on an average: they belong
      either to the family of Vibrionaceae, either to any little versatile genus of
      Enterobacteriaceae, namely Shigella, Proteus and Edwardsiella. The taxonomic
      inferences of this classification, exclusively established by means of the
      nutritional characters, are discussed.

PMID- 1217784
TI  - [Nutrition and taxonomy of "enterobacteriaceae" and related bacteria. III.
      Nutritional characters and differentiation of the taxonomic groups (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A batch of 186 strains belonging to the families Enterobacteriaceae or
      Vibrionaceae has been studied by determination, for each strain, of the
      "versatility" towards 146 organic substrates tested as sole source of carbon and
      energy. This study allowed to work out a classification of these strains into the
      32 classes which have been previously described. In the present paper the
      nutritional characters of these classes are reported. On the basis of these
      characters, the 32 classes may be regrouped into 7 groups, namely: (1.1)
      "Escherichia-Salmonella-Citrobacter", (1.2) "dystrophic Klebsielleae", (1.3)
      "eutrophic Klebsielleae", (2.1) "Shigella", (2.2) "Proteus", (2.3) "Aeromonas
      Vibrio", (2.4) "Edwardsiella tarda-Aeromonas salmonicida-Plesiomonas
      shigelloides". Only 4 strains (about 2 percent) happened misclassified in this
      study where the taxa were assembled exclusively by means of nutritional
      characters. The number and the type of the substrates which can be used in each
      group are reported, as well as the nutritional characters which are possibly
      useful to differential diagnosis. The taxonomic considerations which may be
      deduced from this study are discussed.

PMID- 1217785
TI  - Ultrastructural and electron cytochemical studies of Entomophthora coronata.
AB  - Aspects of the fine structure as well as electron cytochemical localization
      studies of certain hydrolytic enzymes were examined by electron microscopy of
      ultrathin sections of the vegatative hyphae and conidia of the phycomycetous
      fungus, Entomophthora coronata. This entomogenous fungal organism is of interest
      since it has been increasingly implicated as the etiologic agent of phycomycosis
      of man and animals. On thin section, hyphal cells were frequently observed with
      septa while the cytoplasm was multinucleate. The conidium was bound by a
      multilayered cell wall. The cytoplasm of ungerminated conidia characteristically
      contained large numbers of a class of cytoplasmic organelle found in loose
      aggregates with lipid storage bodies. Similar organelles were observed in the
      cytoplasm of hyphal cells from 7-day old cultures. This round to oval to slightly
      reniform structure was bound by a single limiting membrane and composed of an
      electron dense, slightly granular matrix without evidence of crystalloid
      formation. The limiting membrane of the lipid storage bodies was observed to be
      intimately associated with that of one or more of these microbody-like
      organelles. This intimate association of the two cytoplasmic organelles suggests
      that the microbody-like organelle may be involved in some manner with lipid
      metabolism during the life cycle of the fungus. Cautious interpretations of
      electron cytochemical localization studies suggested that lipase, nonspecific
      esterase, and possibly aryl sulfatase were associated with the microbody-like
      organelles. Neither peroxidatic nor acid phosphatase activity could be
      demonstrated with these organelles of the conidial cytoplasm.

PMID- 1217786
TI  - [Experimental pathogenicity of "Yersinia enterocolitica" for athymic nude mice
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Amongst the 4,500 strains of our collection of Yersinia enterocolitica usually
      non-pathogenic for laboratory animals, 5 or 6 strains appeared to be naturally
      pathogenic for mice. Using these strains and non-pathogenic strains representing
      more than 90 per cent of human isolates in the world (biotype 4, serotype 0:3,
      phagocyte VIII; biotype 2, serotype 0:9, phagotype X3), the pathogenicity for
      cyclophosphamid treated mice and athymic Nude mice has been tested. Highly
      pathogenic strains killed conventional as well as cyclophosphamid treated mice.
      Non-pathogenic strains for conventional mice did not show any pathogenicity for
      cyclophosphamid treated mice (strain IP161 excepted) but killed 30 athymic Nude
      mice inoculated with 5 x 10(8) and 5 x 10(5) organisms by the oral or
      intraperitoneal routes. Nude mice infected intragastrically or intraperitoneally
      showed signs of enteritis and bronchopneumonia followed by a septicemia.
      Abscesses were found in the liver, the spleen and the ileal wall. The infection
      of Nude mice with Y. enterocolitica resembles naturally acquired human infection
      where 2/3 of the cases are enteritis among under 4-year-old children and where
      septicemia occurs among immunologically deficient adults. The role of T
      lymphocytes and of immune functions in Y. enterocolitica infection is discussed
      through our model.

PMID- 1217787
TI  - [Experimental herpetic infection in rabbits combined with immunodepression
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The immunologic response to herpesvirus infection have been studied in rabbits
      receiving azathioprine before, after or simultaneously with the infection. The
      part of humoral depression in the complications following human kidney graft and
      the meaning of the viral antibodies rises in these patients are discussed.

PMID- 1217788
TI  - [Grouping of streptococci by means of antibodies adsorbed to staphylococcal
      "protein A" (author's transl)].
AB  - The method described by Krinvall, using antibodies adsorbed to "Protein-A"
      containing staphylococci, can be applied for the serological grouping of A, B, C,
      F and G streptococci. The results are improved by replacing the whole trypsinized
      cells, as reported by Christensen et al., by an enzymatic extract of the
      polysaccharide. The reaction is easy, specific, rapid and cheap.

PMID- 1217789
TI  - The identification of asbestos dust with an electron microscope microprobe
      analyser.

PMID- 1217790
TI  - The generation and evaluation of UICC asbestos clouds in animal exposure
      chambers.

PMID- 1217792
TI  - Hygiene evaluation of exposure to fluoride fume from basic arc-welding
      electrodes.

PMID- 1217791
TI  - The determination of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by gas-liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 1217793
TI  - A preliminary study of hazards to toxic waste disposal operators on ten landfill
      sites in Britain.

PMID- 1217794
TI  - Proceedings: Environmental control and local authorities. Responsibilities of
      local authorities in recent legislation.

PMID- 1217795
TI  - Proceedings: The development of a new environmental department in a large
      metropolitan district.

PMID- 1217796
TI  - Proceedings: Local authority safety organisation--Cleveland County.

PMID- 1217797
TI  - Proceedings: Regional hygiene services and local authorities.

PMID- 1217798
TI  - Proceedings: The industrial hygienist and the local authority.

PMID- 1217799
TI  - Letter: Exposure criteria for industrial ultrasound.

PMID- 1217800
TI  - [Physiological assessment of the rehabilitation of total deafness by the
      implantation of multiple intracochlear electrodes].
AB  - Cochelar implantation can only be entertained incases of complete endocochlear
      deafness and if the nerve fibres which transmit the auditory message to the
      cerebral centres are relatively unaffected. The electrodes should also be placed
      so as to follow roughly the spatial arrangement of the cochlear organ: each band
      of the speech area should have an electrode. It is however clear that a single
      electrode cannot offer selectivity as far as this spatial arrangement is
      concerned. The authors therefore decided to use 7 or 8 intra-cochlear electrodes.
      These were insulated from each other so as not to interfere with selective
      stimulation of the different groups of fibres.

PMID- 1217801
TI  - [Translaryngeal microsurgical arytenoidectomy].
AB  - The authors describe a microsurgical procedure for translaryngeal arytenoidectomy
      in bilateral vocal cord paralysis and relate their clinical experience. They
      consider this approach as very valuable in as much as a rather minimal surgical
      procedure will create a good airway while conserving a satisfactory vocal
      function.

PMID- 1217802
TI  - [Functional laryngectomy using a technic of subperichondrial laryngeal
      curettage].
AB  - A new technique of functional laryngectomy using sub-perichondral curettage of
      some or all of the soft parts of the larynx is described. This method has an
      embryological and anatomical basis. It is supported by a score of cases which
      have had a satisfactory outcome, all the patients operated on having been
      decannulated. Histopathological research was continued with a view to confirming
      the function of the perichondrium and the cartilage as a barrier to neoplastic
      invasion.

PMID- 1217803
TI  - [Histo-topographic variations of pharyngolaryngeal cancer].
AB  - The authors carried out comparative research into the topography and the
      histopathological nature of pharyngo-laryngeal cancers in Zaire and in countries
      in other continents. They found that in all countries, cancers of the larynx seem
      mainly located on the vocal cords, but that pharyngeal cancers, and more
      especially those in rhino-pharyngeal sites which are seen more often in Asiatic
      than in European countries, occur very frequently in Zaire. From the
      histopathological point of view, they show that contrary to the high frequency of
      differentiated spinocellular epitheliomas often described in European countries,
      most pharyngo-laryngeal cancers which they observed were usually undifferentiated
      epitheliomas.

PMID- 1217804
TI  - [Comparison of long-term carcinologic results between radical and conservative
      cervical surgery].
AB  - The aim of this research was to compare isolated ganglionic development in
      patients treated surgically for cancer of the larynx. This research included the
      cases of 232 patients operated on for laryngeal cancer and who underwent either
      total laryngectomy with or without conservation of the cricoid, or supra-glottal
      laryngectomy, or sub-glottal pharyngectomy. For the treatment of the ganglionic
      areas, there are six possibilities: --cobalt used in isolation; --uni- or bi
      lateral cellulo-adenectomy; --uni- or bi-lateral curettage (a month apart); -
      curettage on one side, cellulo-adenectomy on the other. The results obtained were
      particularly significant as far as the N0 and regrouped N1 were concerned. The
      rate of ganglionic recurrence was 25 p. 100 for the N0 treated with cobalt and
      6,5 p. 100 when surgery was carried out (cellulo-adenectomy or curettage). Also,
      curettage seems in N + cases to give better results : 26 p. 100 recurrence in
      cases of cellulo-adenectomy for N0-N1 and 4 p. 100 only in cases of curettage.
      These results appear to justify on the spot histological examination followed by
      curettage in N + cases.

PMID- 1217806
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of the vestibular surface of the stapes in
      otospongiosis].
AB  - The authors, going on with their investigations of the otospongiotic micro-foci
      by means of scanning electron microscopy method, state their discoveries
      concerning the micro-foci of the footplates vestibular side, left aside too often
      up to now. On this vestibular side of the footplate, they have managed to find
      much more numerous pathological alterations than usually admitted. There are
      three types of lesions: 1. Strongly cellular micro-foci, most of them composed of
      histiocytes. 2. Fibrous micro-foci, containing numerous fibroblasts and looking
      like otospongiotic micro-foci of osteoid lamellae overhanging the tympanic side
      of the footplate and grasping it in the way of a lobster-claw. 3. A small number
      of scattered microlesions, having no relation with the two previous types, and
      seeming due to numerous initial otospongiotic micro-foci originated from one or
      several cells with altered metabolism on the footplate' side itself. The
      localization of these micro-foci of the footplate's vestibular side is extremely
      interesting for the knowledge of the otospongiotic disease, because they are in
      direct contact with the vestibule. They can thus spread their hydrolytic enzymes
      into the labyrinthine fluids as well as the otospongiotic micro-foci of the
      lateral wall which have been described by the authors in numerous papers.

PMID- 1217805
TI  - [Nasopharyngeal fibroma. Significance of super-selective angiography and
      embolization].
AB  - The authors describe a case of naso-pharyngeal fibroma which they treated, in
      order to prevent per-operative haemorrhage, by means of embolisation of the
      arterial pedicles. The result was very satisfactory, the operation being
      practically bloodless. They stress the advantages of angiography for obtaining
      information about these tumours. And, thinking ahead on the subject of
      embolisation, they weigh up the risk of haemorrhage due to surgery (which remains
      considerable whatever methods have been used hitherto) against the possible risk
      of embolism which appears to be negligible if it is carried out by a radiologist
      who is expert in this method.

PMID- 1217807
TI  - [Severe emergency epistaxis].
AB  - Selective ligature of the nutrient vessels of the nasal mucosa is an effective
      method of controlling massive epistaxis. Careful identification of the site of
      the haemorrhage is essential. One cause of immediate failure was an error in
      indication and another, lack of precision in locating a vascular tumour. With a
      short stay in hospital (the average is a week) we have achieved complete control
      over almost every very serious case of epistaxis we have been called upon to
      treat. Surgical sequelae have been minimal. In particular we found no mucosal
      vasomotor disorders such as those described in some operations involving the back
      of the pterygo-maxillary fossa.

PMID- 1217808
TI  - [Our procedure for pharyngoplasty in transmandibular pharyngectomies].

PMID- 1217809
TI  - [Role of clamoxyl (amoxicillin) in otorhinolaryngology and stomatology based on a
      clinical study of 90 cases].

PMID- 1217810
TI  - [The problem of hearing in the case of surgical cavities. New perspectives: the
      hidden hearing aid].
AB  - In numerous chronic osteitic and diffuse cholesteatomatous chronic otitis, the
      surgeon is obliged to form a Transmeatal partial or radical cavity usually with
      considerable mastoidectomy.

PMID- 1217811
TI  - [The facial nerve sensitivity test. Significance and limitation].
AB  - This Test which is a renewal of the work of Duchenne de Boulogne (1872) gives an
      evaluation of the prognosis of a Facial palsy 72 hours after its beginning. It is
      specially interesting in traumatic cases for it gives the ground for urgent
      operation or reoperation.

PMID- 1217813
TI  - [Electric examination and surgical indications in facial paralysis].

PMID- 1217812
TI  - [Electrodiagnosis of peripheral facial paralysis. Significance of stimulation
      tests--detection].
AB  - Electroneurography at present constitutes an indispensable method for the
      investigation of peripheral facial paralysis. It should be carried out at an
      early stage, in the form of three successive examinations at 3 day intervals. If
      decompression is necessary, it should theoretically be carried out during the
      first 15 days, before destruction of nerves, which is a feature of sequelae, can
      take place. Electroneuronography appears to be, for this purpose, on a par with
      histology. The authors urge that patients suffering from from facial paralysis
      should be referred to O.-R.-L. departments right from the start and not when all
      other methods of treatment have been tried, often with reprehensible empiricism,
      and found unsuccessful.

PMID- 1217814
TI  - [Medical treatment of so-called frozen face paralysis].
AB  - Medical treatment for a frigore facial paralysis should be instituted promptly,
      within 48 hours of the appearance of symptoms. Principally, to reduce oedema or
      oedematous neuropathy (which is what Bell's palsy is), treatment should include:-
      corticoids, --vaso-dilators. --1 p. 100 xylocaine infiltrations (superficial
      temporal artery, stylomastoid foramen, where chin branches cross the facial
      pedicle), --kinesitherapy. Results can be judged by the seventh day. In case of
      failure, surgery has to be resorted to.

PMID- 1217815
TI  - [Minimum neurolysis in so-called frozen face paralysis].
AB  - The simplest method of dealing with a frigore facial paralysis surgically seems
      to be by a minima neurolysis using a speculum and tackling it through the ear
      drum as in otiospongiosis. In this manner, the Eustachian tube is exposed between
      the deep surface of the incus and the tendon of the musculus stapedius. Results
      were consistently good in 26 cases. The quality of recovery depends more on the
      duration of the paralysis than on operative technique.

PMID- 1217816
TI  - [Recent developments in electrical tests applied to the study of facial
      paralysis].
AB  - We have already shown the spontaneous development over a period of time of
      idiopathic facial paralysis, in relation to the extent of the resulting
      disfigurement, by means of analytical clinical measurement representing the sum
      of 19 factors constituting the force of contraction, tonus, coordination and
      hemispasm. This spontaneous development takes place in 3 stages: --an initial
      period up to the 15th day; --an intermediate period during which there is
      clinically total facial paralysis; --a period of recuperation. The duration of
      this development in relation to the extent of sequelae enables a rough
      distinction to be made between: a) benign facial paralysis in which disfigurement
      is nil or very slight (1 to 6 p. 100), incomplete paralysis or complete paralysis
      in which recuperation starts about the 15th day at the earliest, or at about the
      4th month at the latest; c) very serious facial paralysis with moderate (38 to 66
      p. 100), or considerable (66 to 100 p. 100) disfigurement and in which
      recuperation starts at the end of the 3rd month at the earliest. The authors have
      attempted to indicate how effective very prompt quantitative electrical
      procedures are in helping to assess the seriousness of ultimate permanent
      disfigurement (see article).

PMID- 1217818
TI  - [Facial paralysis in children].
AB  - Facial paralyses in children may be grouped under headings displaying a certain
      amount of individuality. Chronologically, first to be described are neonatal
      facial paralyses. These are common and are nearly always cured within a few days.
      Some of these cases are due to the mastoid being crushed at birth with or without
      the use of forceps. The intra-osseous pathway of the facial nerve is then
      affected throughout its length. However, a cure is often spontaneous. When this
      desirable development does not take place within three months, the nerve should
      be freed by decompressive surgery. The special anatomy of the facial nerve in the
      new-born baby makes this a delicate operation. Later, in all stages of acute
      otitis, acute mastoiditis or chronic otitis, facial paralysis can be seen.
      Treatment depends on the stage reached by the otitis: paracentesis,
      mastoidectomy, various scraping procedures, and, of course, antibiotherapy. The
      other causes of facial paralysis in children are very much less common: a frigore
      or viral, traumatic, occur ring in the course of acute poliomyelitis, shingles or
      tumours of the middle ear. To these must be added exceptional causes such as
      vitamin D intoxication, idiopathic hypercalcaemia and certain haemopathies.

PMID- 1217817
TI  - [Surgical treatment of traumatic facial paralysis].
AB  - Facial paralysis caused by cranial traumatism often needs surgical treatment / 28
      operations were carried out on a group of 47 paralysed patients. Direct lesion of
      the facial nerve was in fact common / 10 compressions or contusions, 4 sections.
      Associated kophosis was frequent (15 cases). Conductive deafness was not uncommon
      (11 cases). Transverse fractures (5 cases) and complicated fractures (4 cases),
      true to their reputation for seriousness, all needed surgery and span the four
      nerve sections observed. Surgery is often delayed due to extensive cranio
      cerebral lesions requiring prolonged neuro-surgical nursing care / 16 patients
      were operated on between the 4th and 8th weeks, 9 patients after the 8th week.
      The operation was usually carried out through the mastoid. Posteiror lympanotomy
      enabled the bend and the second portion to be reached and later enabled the
      ossicular chain to be reconstructed. In two cases involving kophosis, the three
      portions of the nerve were tackled through the labyrinth. The choice depends on
      the audiometric, radiological and operative findings. Surgical indications depend
      on clinical, elecromyographic, audiometric and radiological results. A check was
      carried out by means of muscular tests in 23 out of 28 cases: --20 decompressions
      / 15 recuperations of more than 50 p. 100 of which 7 were above 75 p. 100; --3
      grafts or sutures / 3 recuperations of 30 p. 100.

PMID- 1217820
TI  - [Remote prognosis in esthesioneuromas (apropos of 11 cases)].
AB  - Research was carried out into a group of 11 patients with tumours of the
      olfactory placode or aesthesioneuromas observed and treated by the authors (10 of
      them unpublished cases). The authors recall the histological characteristics
      which, theoretically, distinguish aesthesioneuroepithelioma from
      aesthesioneurocytoma and aesthesioneuroblastoma and the risk of mistaken
      interpretation due to confusion with other types of tumour. The following
      conclusions emerged from this research : 1) Aesthesioneuroma is indisputably a
      radiosensitive tumour as has been proved by the long-term cures obtained either
      by irradiation alone or by irradiation after incomplete surgery. 2) However it is
      exceptional for diagnosis to be made merely by intranasal biopsy. In all doubtful
      cases, surgical investigation is necessary. This requires a broad para-latero
      nasal approach route which is the only one affording accurate anatomical
      localisation of the lesions and complete ablation of the tumour including, where
      necessary, removal of the lamina cribrosa.

PMID- 1217819
TI  - [Facial paralysis and tuberculous otitis. Significance of early neural
      decompression].
AB  - Facial paralyses associated with tuberculous otitis have consistently had a bad
      prognosis. This is bound up with delay in diagnosing the tuberculous nature of
      the lesions and with slow-acting medical treatment. The facial nerve must be
      decompressed immediately and not delayed until medical treatment has failed. This
      attitude is particularly necessary in two types of circumstances in which the
      tuberculous origin should be under suspicion as a matter of routine / firstly
      when facial paralysis appears in the secondary sequelae of ear surgery and,
      secondly, when facial paralysis is a complication in chronic otitis without
      cholesteatoma.

PMID- 1217821
TI  - [Reflections on cholesteatoma].
AB  - Cholesteatoma, defined by Muller in 1830, has not benefited by any means to the
      same extent as other otological conditions from therapeutic progress. Its
      histological nature has been defined on information supplied by the electric
      microscope. It remains puzzling and the manner in which it invades the inner ear
      cavities imperfectly reproducing the epidermis remains very much a mystery. In
      spite of a certain ultra-structural unity, it would appear that there is not just
      one, but many cholesteatomas and if this protean condition is to be understood
      treated, a primary requisite is a nosological break-down which takes into account
      the topography of the lesions and their macroscopic appearance. From this attempt
      at a classification which groups together the most frequently encountered
      possibilities, operative indications which have to take into account several
      contradictory preoccupations can be arrived at. It is essential to: -- eradicate
      the lesions as thoroughly as possible; -- avoid damaging those structures of the
      middle ear which are still functional or which may be made serviceable again; --
      leave open the possibility of surveillance of the cavities so as to detect
      relapses. These contradictory requisites can be reconciled in a great number of
      cases and justify the hope that a cure will go hand in hand with an appreciable
      gain in function. As examples, a few audiograms of patients operated on are
      included to show the sort of results that it is possible to obtain.

PMID- 1217822
TI  - [Re-establishment of tracheal continuity by lowering the larynx after tracheal
      resection].
AB  - The authors describe a technique for re-establishing tracheal continuity after
      anastomotic  resection of the cervical and cervico-thoracic trachea. Simply
      lowering the larynx cervically without an associated thoracic phase enables
      termino-terminal anastomosis of the trachea to be carried out after resection of
      more than 5 cm. In this article, the technique and the results obtained in 8
      cases of pure tracheal stenosis are described in detail.

PMID- 1217823
TI  - [Pitfalls and dangers of hearing aids].
AB  - In a general study devoted to the dangers and disasters connected with hearing
      appliances for the deaf, the author reviews the minor disadvantages of hearing
      aids, the technical incidents, the complications affecting the external ear,
      stresses and accidents caused by labyrinthine intolerance and discusses the
      possible effect on cochlear reserve of the continual use of a prosthesis both in
      children and adults.

PMID- 1217824
TI  - [Current prognosis for foreign bodies in the respiratory and digestive tracts?
      Report of 840 cases collected over a 5-year period (1969-1974)].
AB  - This is a resume of a survey involving 240 foreign bodies in the air passages and
      digestive tract over a period of five years. Those in the oesophagus were all
      except one removed by means of endoscopy and among the complications there were
      22 strictures of the oesophagus and 8 abscesses, one of them fatal. All the
      foreign bodies in the air passages were removed by means of bronchoscopy without
      any accidents or complications. Endoscopy is therefore the main method while
      surgery remains the exception. New endoscopic techniques combined with
      antibiotics and electrolytic check-ups so essential in cases of tracheotomy, make
      present-day prognosis in cases of foreign body excellent.

PMID- 1217826
TI  - [Nasopharyngeal fibroma and embolization].

PMID- 1217825
TI  - [Injuries of the ossicle system].
AB  - On the basis of the observation of eight cases with traumatisms of the ossicular
      system, the authors discuss the mechanism of various forms of lesions, which may
      be primary represented by fractures and luxations or they may be secondary
      reactions following the traumatism leading to ankylosis the joins. There is
      underlined the frequency of the luxations of the stapes and the constant
      ankylosis of the footplate in these cases. The authors argue in favour of an
      early surgical procedure, the extent of the surgical intervention being
      conditioned by the lesional aspect.

PMID- 1217827
TI  - [History of congenital stricture of the esophagus].

PMID- 1217829
TI  - [Angioneurotic edema of atypical location in the cervicofacial region].

PMID- 1217828
TI  - [Sarcoma of the larynx in children. Apropos of one case].

PMID- 1217830
TI  - [Thermographic symptoms of benign mammary lesions. 1. Fibroadenomas (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217831
TI  - [Obstructive uropathies related to neonatal ascites (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217832
TI  - [Systematic study of the nephrographic times in intravenous urography. 2.
      Pathological aspects (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217833
TI  - [Localization of Hodgkin's disease in the dome of the diaphragm (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217834
TI  - [Radiological aspects of aneurysms of the membranous septum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217835
TI  - [Calcification of the inferior vena cava (in relation to one case) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217837
TI  - [A pseudo-tumoral left intraventricular thrombus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217836
TI  - [Coronary stenoses after replacement surgery of the aortic orifice (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217839
TI  - Editorial: Advances in fetal research.

PMID- 1217840
TI  - Detection of fetal QRS-complexes by external methods.
AB  - A new method is presented for detection of the QRS complexes and the fetal heart
      rate from the fetal magnetocardiogram and from the fetal electrocardiogram. In
      the method, the amplitude, the polarity and the shape of the QRS complex are
      tested. By using the described equipment it is possible to detect all consecutive
      heart beat intervals from a fetal electrocardiogram with less than 1% error in
      timing. When an external fetal electrocardiogram was used for testing, generally
      slightly over 10% of the QRS complexes were lost since they were simultaneous
      with the maternal complexes. In addition, complexes were also lost due to noise.

PMID- 1217838
TI  - [A rare cause of duodenal biliary reflux: a "short common bile duct" (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217841
TI  - Fetal prognosis in obstetric hepatosis.
AB  - 116 women with obstetric hepatosis gave birth in the years 1971-1972 at the First
      and Second Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Central
      Hospital, Helsinki. This accounts for a 1.1% incidence of all deliveries at this
      hospital. During most of these pregnancies fetal well-being was monitored by
      amnioscopy, by the oxytocin challenge test, by maternal urinary oestriol
      determinations and by estimating the fetal biparietal diameter weekly. In 38% of
      these pregnancies, signs of fetal distress were found, mainly an abnormal heart
      rate, or heart rate pattern, and/or meconium-stained amniotic fluid. These led to
      increased frequencies of induction of labour and of Caesarean sections performed
      because of asphyxia or imminent asphyxia as compared with a control group with
      similar age and parity distribution. There was an increase in the occurrence of
      twin pregnancies in the hepatosis series (7.6%). There were 4 intrauterine and
      altogether 8 perinatal losses of 125 infants born to hepatosis mothers. These
      observations suppport the opinion that there are increased risks for the fetus in
      pregnancies complicated by obstetric hepatosis. Amnioscopy and fetal heart rate
      recording during the delivery and oxytocin challenge test were found to be
      valuable in monitoring the fetal condition. The use of oestriol determinations,
      at least by employing the method in general clinical practice, was found to be of
      limited value in the predictive assessment of fetal distress in hepatosis. This
      might be due to impurities disturbing the determinations or to changed oestrogen
      metabolism in cholestasis.

PMID- 1217842
TI  - The effect of systematic treatment of toxaemia of pregnancy upon fetal prognosis.
AB  - Systematic therapy for pre-eclampsia including diuretics was investigated in 604
      patients in whom therapy was begun immediately the first symptoms appeared and
      continued until delivery. The control group consisted of 368 patients with
      toxemia from the two previous years who received no systematic therapy but who
      also underwent delivery at either the Turku City Maternity Hospital or the
      Women's Clinic of Turku University Central Hospital. Cases of pre-eclampsia
      gravis were significantly reduced (2.3 as compared with 7.3%). A significant
      difference was seen in the percentage of premature deliveries. In the
      experimental group this was 4.3% and in the control group 11.2%, (p less than
      0.001). There was also a significant difference in the perinatal mortality, the
      values being 2.3 and 4.6%, respectively (p less than 0.05). The overal premature
      birth rate during these two periods remained unchanged, at 5.5 and 5.7%. The
      difference between the overall perinatal mortality rates was also slight (1.8 and
      2.2%).

PMID- 1217844
TI  - Changes of the neonatal head diameter during the first week of life.
AB  - Significant but slight decreases in the biparietal and bitemporal diameter were
      observed during the first week of life with different ultrasonic methods. The
      lowest value was reached after two days. Between two and six days a small
      increase was observed in the biparietal diameter, corresponding well with the
      rate of growth reported for the foetal head during the last weeks of pregnancy.
      Reasons for these changes cannot be clarified on the basis of the present study.

PMID- 1217843
TI  - Disappearance of tracheobronchial fluid at birth in the lamb.
AB  - Bronchography was performed in lambs before, during and after the first breath.
      Swallowing of the contrast medium containing tracheobronchial fluid was observed
      before the first breath. Intratracheal pressure changes ranging up to 20 mmHg
      were observed during respiratory movements which did not open the alveoli. The
      lamb did not start breathing as long as the snout was covered although there was
      a direct connection between the trachea and atmospheric air through a
      tracheostomy. When the snout was uncovered a lamb in good condition drew its
      first breath and the spreading of the contrast material into the peripheral parts
      of the lungs was almost explosive. The diameter of the tracheobronchial tree
      widened as a result of the initiation of respiration. It is suggested that both
      swallowing in the pharynx and absorption into the blood circulation below the
      larynx play an essential role in the disappearance of the tracheobronchial fluid.
      Intrauterine aspiration seems less probable in the light of these observations.

PMID- 1217845
TI  - Diagnostic value of biopsies in villous papilloma of the colon and rectum.
AB  - The correlation between the histopathological diagnosis of biopsies from
      colorectal villous tumours and that of the excised tumour (in 16 cases of
      carcinoma only clinical diagnosis, autopsy or death certificate) was
      investigated. In the persent retrospective study 235 biopsies were taken from 134
      tumours where the final diagnosis had been established. In the benign groups the
      grade of the biopsy was the same as that of the surgically excised tumour in
      about 50%. However, 25% of the biopsies with a benign diagnosis were in fact
      taken from carcinomas. Not even multiple biopsies exclude the presence of cancer
      in a villous papilloma. The tumour should be totally excised and histologically
      examined.

PMID- 1217846
TI  - Roentgenological features in villous papilloma of the colon and rectum.
AB  - With good technique it is possible to detect small polyps in the large intestine
      with a barium enema examination. The radiological appearences and visibility of
      villous papillomas in 84 barium enema examinations from patients with both benign
      and malignant villous papillomas in the rectum, rectosigmoideal junction and the
      sigmoid loop were studied. In 75% of the examinations the tumour was visible. A
      specific radiological diagnosis of non invasive villous papilloma was made in 33%
      and the correct malignant diagnosis in 8/13 cases. There were both false positive
      and false negative diagnoses of malignancy. Patients with a villous papilloma
      should undergo barium enema study with double contrast technique of the whole
      large intestine. Benign looking tumours can always have islands of invasive
      carcinoma. But the criteria for malignancy are more reliable than the diagnostic
      signs for the villous papilloma.

PMID- 1217848
TI  - Diagnostic delay in cancer of the breast.
AB  - The occurence of delay in the diagnosis of breast cancer was investigated in 115
      women with breast cancer. Earlier breast disease and earlier consultations for
      breast symptoms were thoroughly inquired about and analysed. The part of
      "diagnostic delay" referred to "doctor's delay" occurred in one fifth of the
      breast cancer patients but in one third of the patients under 50 years of age
      compared to one seventh of the patients over 50 years. The reasons for delay
      were: incomplete investigation of palpable or suspected breast tumour, non
      representativeness of surgical biopsy or of slides taken for histopathological
      examination, underestimation of atypia at histopathological examination,
      unsatisfactory follow-up after biopsy of suspected tumour.

PMID- 1217847
TI  - Severe liver injury. Surgical treatment of eight consecutive cases.
AB  - A series of eight consecutive patients with severe liver injury is presented.
      Surgical treatment consisted of liver resection in four patients, one hepatic
      artery ligation and suture and drainage in three patients. Six patients survived.
      There were about three complications per patient, infection, and bile leakage
      being the most common. Of three patients who required hemodialysis for renal
      failure, only one survived. It is strongly recommended that an autotransfusion
      device should be ready to hand when a patient with severe liver injury is to be
      operated. In a case of massive bleeding from a lesion of the vena cava or major
      hepatic vein, autotransfusion could save the patient's life.

PMID- 1217849
TI  - Intra-aortic ballon pumpimg in the treatment of myocardial failure complicating
      open-heart surgery.
AB  - Intra-aortic ballon pumping (IABP) was employed in five patients. Following
      elective open-heart surgery, they manifested severe cardiac failure which after
      maximal medical treatment would seemingly have ended fatally. Duration of the
      pumping was from 15 to 20 hours. Three patient survived. The use of IABP in the
      treatment of low-output failure after cardiopulmonary bypass is reviewed.

PMID- 1217850
TI  - Blood alcohol levels in accident victims.
AB  - The purpose was to study the frequency and distribution of alcohol involvement in
      accident patients. Blood alcohol was determined gas chromatographically in 1012
      accident patients. Alcohol was found to be present in 37% with the following
      distribution by blood alcohol concentrations (BAC): 0.1--0.5 g/litre 7%, 0.6--1.5
      g/litre 13%, over 1.5 g/litre 16%. There were 702 males and 310 females. Alcohol
      was found in the blood in 43% of the males and in 24% of the females. In both
      sexes the age group 35--44 had the highest incidence. The rate of alcohol
      involvement increased with decreasing social status and was remarkably high (54%)
      among unskilled workers. High BACs were so prevalent that a causal relationship
      is most probable. Further studies on the causal relationship in nontraffic
      accidents are needed to be able to take sensible preventive measures among high
      risk groups.

PMID- 1217851
TI  - Classification of medial fractures of the femoral neck.
AB  - In order to regularize the classification of medial fractures of the femoral neck
      a retrospective analysis was made of fractures in adult patients treated in the
      University Hospital in Turku and also in the Municipal Hospital in the same city
      between 1964 and 1971. There were 446 cases of medial fracture of the femoral
      neck, 75 of which occurred in male patients and 368 in female patients. Medial
      fractures of the femoral neck were classified according to the scheme laid down
      by Garden (8) and Pauwels (18) and in addition, the situation of the level of the
      fracture in the femoral neck was determined according the method proposed by
      Brown and Abrami (3). No correlation could be found between either the division
      made by Garden and that made by Pauwels or between the situation of the level of
      the fracture in the femoral neck and the degree of primary dislocation in the
      fracture. Following Garden's classification, dislocated (stage 3 or stage 4)
      fractures were more common among women than men. Pauwels' figures showed that
      there were relatively more unstable fractures (groups 3--4) among men than among
      women. Among women patients the situation of the level of the fracture was, on
      the average, more medial than among men. The healing of fractures was evaluated
      according to the calssifications of Garden and Pauwels. That of Garden proved to
      be much more logical and from the point of view of prognosis of recovery, more
      reliable. The present authors recommend the classification made by Garden in
      cases of medial fracture of the femoral neck.

PMID- 1217852
TI  - Fractures of the arch of the lower cervical spine.
AB  - In a series of 285 cases of injuries of the lower cervical spine, fractures of
      the vertebral arch constituted 12.6%. 27 cases treated conservatively were
      analysed in view of their subtyping and clinical properties and with reference to
      the choice of treatment. Five different main subtypes of fractures of the
      vertebral arch of the lower cervical spine can be distinguished: 1) Bilateral
      fracture of lamina, without displacement of the vertebra or with subluxation. The
      assessment of potential instability is discussed, and criteria for its evaluation
      are presented; 2) Bilateral fracture of lamina combined with locked luxation,
      which is difficult to reduce by conservative means; 3) Detachment of the
      articular mass, which invariably causes instability, which, however, is usually
      relative because of the preserved posterior ligamentary complex. Conservative
      treatment is seldom able to produce a reduced position, but the only associated
      drawback is the theoretical possibility of continuous or intermittent compression
      of the injured spinal cord; 4) Bilateral pedicular fracture which is rare; 5)
      Combined fractures of the arch, which are highly unstable. The frequency of
      neurological complications necessitating skull traction is high in association
      with fractures of vertebral arches of the lower cervical spine. However, some
      bilateral fractures of lamina and detachments of the articular mass can be
      treated satisfactorily with an orthopaedic brace or a plaster collar. Indications
      for operative treatment are present in a few cases only, the main indication
      being early mobilizaiton.

PMID- 1217853
TI  - Perforation of the anterior annulus fibrosus during operation for prolapsed disc.
AB  - The condition of the anterior portion of the prolapsed lumbar disc and the
      possible peroperative lesion of this structure was studied by peroperative
      discography. In 3 of 25 patients leakage of contrast medium anterior to the
      vertebral column occurred after evacuation of the nucleus pulposus. This finding
      may be taken as an intimation of structural weakness and vulnerability of the
      anterior part of the annulus fibrosus of the posteriorly herniated disc.

PMID- 1217854
TI  - Gynaecologic surgery on elderly patients.
AB  - To evaluate the risks associated with gynaecologic operations on elderly patients
      (60 years or over) we performed this retrospective study of 573 operations. More
      than half the patients (53%) were operated on because of uterine prolapse. An
      abdominal operation was done in 33%, a vaginal approach in 59% and a combined
      abdominal and vaginal procedure in 9%. (he total amount of postoperative
      complications was 26% and higher after abdominal (36%) than vaginal operation
      (19%). Most complications were mild, e.g. fever (16%) and wound complications
      (4%). Five patients (0.87%) died within one month postoperatively, but only in
      two cases was death caused by postoperative complication itself, namely cardiac
      infarction and pulmonary embolism. It appears that our procedures based on co
      operation between gynaecologist, internist and anaesthetist yield good results
      and that the chronologic age in itself is only seldom a contraindication to
      operative treatment.

PMID- 1217855
TI  - The physical fitness of Finnish primigravidae.
AB  - A group of healthy primigravidae aged 20-26 years were examined two weeks before
      term in order to measure their physical performance. Two types of work tests with
      the bicycle ergometer were used, first a three-stage submaximal test and on the
      next day a voluntarily maximal test. The results between these two tests are in
      highly significant correlation. In the three-stage submaximal test the mean
      maximal oxygen uptake was found to be 39.9 +/- 8.3 (SD) ml/kg x min (range 25 to
      65 ml/kg x min). The mean square root from the total work performed during the
      voluntarily maximal test was 93.6 +/- 10.9% compared with the reference value of
      healthy, nonpregnant women of the same average age and weight. The quotient last
      work load divided by the last heart rate was 102.9 +/- 17.8% from the reference
      value of the nonpregnant women. The mean percentage value of physical fitness
      calculated from the reference value is 98.1 +/- 12.8% compared with that of
      nonpregnant women. The maximal oxygen uptake found in the three-stage submaximal
      test is in highly significant correlation with prepregnancy weight. The results
      of the voluntarily maximal test do not correlate with the prepregnancy weight or
      the weight gain. In the three-stage submaximal test 6.1% of the mothers had a
      maximal oxygen uptake considered as low. In the voluntarily maximal test 5.9% of
      the mothers had a mean physical fitness below 80% of normal. Special attention of
      mothers with lowered physical fitness during pregnancy might be needed

PMID- 1217856
TI  - Response of R wave amplitude to postural changes and to exercise. A study of
      healthy subjects and patients surviving acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - The effects of postural changes and bicycle ergometer exercise tests on R wave
      amplitude were studied in 10 sedentary and 21 physically active healthy men as
      well as in 158 male survivors of myocardial infarction. In the latter group
      recordings were made 6-8 weeks, 5 months and 12 months after the infarction, and
      also the effect of physical activity during the first post-infarction year on the
      R wave height responses was studied. At rest in the supine position the R wave
      amplitudes in the three groups studied were almost similar, but in the sitting
      position at rest and at the beginning of the exercise the R wave amplitudes were
      significantly higher in physically active healthy men than in sedentary healthy
      men or infarction patients. Physical training during the first post-infarction
      year induced only negligible changes in the R wave amplitude response to postural
      changes and exercise. The mechanisms which may underlie these different responses
      of R wave amplitude to postural changes and to exercise are discussed.

PMID- 1217857
TI  - Ischaemic electrocardiographic changes in an athlete with normal coronary
      arteries.
AB  - During a maximal exercise test transient ischaemic electrocardiographic (ECG)
      changes developed in a young athlete who had entirely normal coronary arteries on
      angiography. Myocardial scintigraphy revealed a perfusion defect in the anterior
      wall of the left ventricle with a reduced washout of 133Xenon. A localized
      hypokinetic area coterminuos with the perfusion defect was disclosed by
      echoventriculography. This athlete, the first studied by selective coronary
      angiography and determination of regional myocardial perfusion, demonstrates that
      athletes are not protected from the recently highlighted syndrome of ischaemic
      heart disease with normal coronary arteries.

PMID- 1217858
TI  - Levodopa and psoriasis.
AB  - Levodopa administered orally in doses of two to four grams daily for up to eight
      weeks had no apparent therapeutic effect on psoriatic lesions in eleven patients
      with severe nummular psoriasis.

PMID- 1217859
TI  - Studies on the effect of 17alpha-ethinyl-6-estrene-5alpha, 7beta-diol on
      menstrual cycle and plasma and urinary hormones in normal women.
AB  - Pharmacological tests on rats and dogs showed that a novel steroid substance, ORG
      OI-65 (code name for 17alpha-ethinyl-6-estrene-5alpha, 7beta-diol) has both
      progestational and estrogenic properties. The effect of this substance on
      menstrual cycle was studied on 13 healthy fertile women, who received 2 mg of ORG
      OI-65 daily for 20 consecutive days from the 5th day of cycle. The following
      parameters were studied  during pretreatment and treatment cycles: bleeding
      pattern, plasma progesterone, urinary excretion of FSH, LH and estrone, vaginal
      cytology, cervical mucus, endometrium biopsy and basal body temperature.
      Treatment with ORG OI-65 did not change the bleeding pattern or inhibit
      ovulation: all 12 cases with ovulatory pretreatment cycles showed evidence of
      ovulation--timely or delayed--also during ORG OI-65 treatment. The vaginal
      cytology and cervical mucus remained almost unaffected by the treatment. No
      serious side-effects were found. The authors conclude that ORG OI-65 2 mg daily
      is not effective enough for oral contraception.

PMID- 1217861
TI  - Changes induced by morphine administration in the hypothalmic neurosecretory
      system of the spotted owlet, Athene brama Temminick.
AB  - The effect of chronic administration of morphine, in gradually increasing doses,
      on the histology of the HNS of the spotted owlet was investigated. Administration
      of morphine in low doses (0.25-0.75 mg/day), for 9 days, induced marked depletion
      of NSM from all regions of the HNS, except the zona externa of the AME. Maximum
      depletion of NSM was noticed in the HNS of birds treated with morphine for 9
      days. Beyond the 9th day, the HNS did not exhibit further depletion of its NSM.
      Administration of morphine in high doses (1.5-4 mg/day), for 18 days, did not
      cause depletion of NSM from the HNS. On the other hand there was noticeable
      increase of the NSM in the HNS over that of the controls. The histological
      changes in the HNS induced by low doses of morphine are comparable to the changes
      induced by hypertonic saline administration and are presumably indicative of
      augmented secretion of the ADH. The accumulation of NSM in the HNS of birds
      receiving high doses of morphine suggests a decrease in neurohypophysial
      activity. The results therefore indicate that the effect of morphine on the HNS
      of the spotted owlet is dose-dependent. The mechanism of action of morphine on
      the neurohypophysis is briefly discussed.

PMID- 1217860
TI  - [Hormone reactions to physical exercise following altitude training (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A three weeks physical training program at medium altitude induces some
      fonctional metabolic and hormonal changes in the response to physical effort.
      These changes vary, depending on whether the effort occurs on the 3rd or 7th day
      following return to sea-level. In the former case one observes a decrease in the
      somatotrophic response whereas in the latter one observes a decrease both in the
      somatotrophic and glucocorticoide response as well as in the level of blood
      contained lactic acids. These changes could be related to an  improvement in the
      aerobic metabolism.

PMID- 1217862
TI  - [Proceedings: Biological hypothyroidism after surgical treatment of hot nodules
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217863
TI  - [Proceedings: Using the rapid Golgi technique eight types of association neurons
      have been observed in the medio basal hypothalamus of the guinea pig (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217864
TI  - [Proceedings: Existence of neurons with neuroglandular characteristics in the
      guinea-pig preoptic area. Preliminary electron microscopic study (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217866
TI  - [Proceedings: Sheehan's syndrome with bone marrow aplasia. Results of the
      substitutive hormonal therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217865
TI  - [Proceedings: Prolactin adenomas; a morphological study. Correlations between
      clinical and anatomical data in 91 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217867
TI  - [Effects of artificial atmospheric ionization on thyroid gland in albino rat
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Artificial atmospheric ionization acts on rat thyroid gland, but results are
      depending on treatment polarity: After negative aero-ionization, thyroid gland
      shows signs of high activity (increased area of follicular epithelium, increased
      volume of epithelial cell nucleus, and resorption of follicular colloidal
      material). On the contrary, after positive aero-ionization, hypothyroidism
      symptoms may be observed, however these signs are less distinct and less
      homogeneous than signs of activity reported after negative treatment. The
      simultaneous modifications of serotonemia would be able to partially explain
      these results.

PMID- 1217868
TI  - Hypothalamic stimulation of prolactin release in a freshwater catfish,
      Heteropneustes fossilis.
AB  - Hypothalamic extract has been found to contain certain factor(s) which triggers
      the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland. In assay recipients,
      hypothalamic extract injection was as effective as perphenazine-HCl treatment in
      triggering the release of prolactin from pituitary gland. Rise in prolactin
      concentration of serum and resultant decrease in pituitary prolactin level in
      response to hypothalamic extract administration suggests that hypothalamus in H.
      fossilis has prolactin releasing factor(s). This releasing effect of hypothalamus
      seems to be specific since cortical extract injections were ineffective in
      producing the similar response.

PMID- 1217869
TI  - [Proceedings: Dissociation between alpha and beta sub-units of LH in human fetal
      antehypophysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217870
TI  - [Proceedings: Exploration of gonadotrophic hormones in premature infants
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217871
TI  - [Proceedings: Gonadotropins evolution and relationship with other pituitary
      hormones in females aged 50-90 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217872
TI  - [Proceedings: Studies of the pituitary gonadal axis in prolactin adenoma
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217874
TI  - [Proceedings: Gonadotropic function in amenorreha of "anorexia nervosa" (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217873
TI  - [Proceedings: Frequency of antigonadotropins antibodies in central hypogonadisms
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217875
TI  - [Proceedings: Sheehan syndrome in Tunisia (on 46 cases) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217876
TI  - [Proceedings: Sella turcica in Sheehan syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217877
TI  - [Proceedings: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia (Kallman-De Morsier
      syndrome) in 2 brothers, one of whom had XXY gonosomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217878
TI  - [Proceedings: Ways of administration of androgens and trophicity of epididymal
      cells in rat (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217879
TI  - [Proceedings: Hormonal variations before and after orchidectomy for two leydig
      cells' tumor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217880
TI  - [Proceedings: Levels of 8 steroids in plasma after normal testis stimulation by
      HCG (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217881
TI  - [Proceedings: Concentrations of 7 steroids in the spermatic vein in man.
      Comparison with peripheric concentrations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217882
TI  - [Proceedings: Turner phenotype with menses, leucocytes 45,X and ovarian
      fibroblasts 45,X-47,XXX (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217883
TI  - [Proceedings: Ultrastructural and electroencephalographical studies in a case of
      Nelson syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217884
TI  - [Proceedings: Interest of the determination of serum immunoreactive parathormone
      in primary hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217885
TI  - [Proceedings: Radio-immuno-assay of thyrocalcitonin (TCT) of normal patients
      fasting and after calcic stimulation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217886
TI  - [Proceedings: Hyperthyroidism with pyramidal signs: report of a case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1217887
TI  - [Proceedings: Thyrotoxicosis in Algeria (study of 243 cases) (author's tranls)].

PMID- 1217888
TI  - [Proceedings: Thyroxin, T.B.C., triiodothyronin before and after T.S.H. in an
      endemic goiter country (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217889
TI  - [Proceedings: Relapse of a toxic adenoma of the thyroid 3 years after surgery
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217890
TI  - [Proceedings: Ultrastructural aspects of human thyroid cell in different
      pathological conditions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217891
TI  - [Proceedings: Sensibility of hypothalamic areas to gonadal steroids in the male
      rat (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217892
TI  - Proceedings: Immunohistochemical identification of the neurophysin I and of the
      neurophysin II producing neurons in the bovine hypothalamus.

PMID- 1217893
TI  - Proceedings: Immunohistochemical demonstration of the oxytocin and the
      vasopressin-producing neurons in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurosecretory
      system of the cow, the rat and the Brattleboro rat.

PMID- 1217895
TI  - Proceedings: Identification and origin of the vasopressin-neurophysin containing
      nerve fibres of the external region of the rat median eminence.

PMID- 1217894
TI  - [Proceedings: An immunocytochemical method for pituitary cells identification
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217896
TI  - [Proceedings: Influency of administration of testosterone propionate and diet on
      the hypertriglyceridemia and cholesterol by castrated rats of both sexes
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217897
TI  - [The perforation organ of Thais lapillus L. (Gasteropodes, Prosobranches).
      Optical and electron microscopic study].
AB  - The histologic and cytologic structure of the boring organ of Thais lapillus has
      been studied with both light and electron microscopy. The organ evaginates from
      the foot and has a dome-like form. It has a spongy center which contain nerves,
      muscles and blood vessels, these originate in the foot and continue into the
      boring organ via a short stalk. The organ is invested externally by a continuous
      simple epithelium constituted of extremely elongated cells (150 to 300 mu). There
      are three radial zones from the basal to the apical aspect of the cells : basally
      the cells are overlapping, here are located the nuclei, the Golgi apparatus, the
      rough endoplasmic reticulum and secretory granules; organelles which in their
      character suggest a secretory function for these cells. In the middle zone cells
      are separated into "groups" by large spaces occupied by blood sinuses; at this
      level are located numerous elongated mitochondria with closely apposed, angulated
      cristae. In addition there are microtubules arranged parallel to the main
      cellular axis, whose role may be to facilitate rapid transit of secretory
      granules from the basal to the apical zone of the epithelium. In the apical zone
      the cells expand in tightly interdigitating folds, having a height of 2 mu, which
      are joined together by junctions of various types. This zone is the only
      junctional area between the epithelial cells of this expanding and contracting
      boring organ. A network of microfilaments which penetrates the cellular folds at
      this level, probably plays an important role in the invagination of the organ.
      Finally at the apex, the epithelial cells have a high "brush border" of long
      microvilli whose plasmalemma is coated internally by particulate subunits of 30
      A. This peculiarity may be an other fact to support the hypothesis that hydrogen
      ions are emited by these cells, by the action of carbonic anhydrase located
      perhaps in these subunits.

PMID- 1217899
TI  - [Period of sensitivity to androgens of the Wolff duct of the rat fetus].
AB  - The external and internal (lumen) diameter and the height of the epithelium of
      the Wolffian ducts of control rat fetuses were measured between 14 days 8 hrs and
      21 days 8 hrs at the level of the gonad and in the genital folds. In males, at
      the level of the gonad, these ducts display a transitory increase in diameter and
      lumen at 16 days 8 hrs of fetal age. This increase, which is absent in females,
      occurs just before the development of the epididymides and might reflect the
      endocrine activity of the fetal testis. In the females, the first involutive
      changes appear at both levels at 17 days 8 hrs of age (decrease in diameter by
      reduction of the lumen and height of the epithelium). After injections of
      androgens to pregnant rats or directly into the fetuses in utero, the Wolffian
      ducts can be maintained in female fetuses only if submitted to androgens before
      and until 16 days 16 hrs. If the treatment starts once the involutive changes
      have appeared (17 days 8 hrs) inconstant persistence is obtained. The portions of
      ducts still present on day 18 cannot be maintained by androgens any more. Even if
      injected at 15 days 8 hrs, exogenous androgens do not hasten or anticipate the
      formation of Wolfian derivatives (epididymides and seminal vesicles) in males or
      in females.

PMID- 1217898
TI  - The male genital tract and the nipples of male and female offspring of rats given
      the non-steroidal antiandrogens DIMP and Sch 13521, during pregnancy.
AB  - Male and female offspring of rats given antiandrogens, the steroidal BOMT or the
      non steroids DIMP or Sch 13521, daily during the last third of pregnancy were
      studied. Detailed examinations were made of the genital tract of male, and of the
      nipples of male and female offspring. A) Male offspring. 1) Genital tract of
      newborn and 31-91 day old males : Modifications of the development of accessory
      sexual tissues were found in all treatment groups. As indicated by the severity
      of deviations from normal (morphology and weight of sex accessories), the
      antiandrogenic effect of the preparations, in the doses given to the mother rats,
      increased from BOMT (50 or 75 mg/day) via Sch 13521 (30 mg/day) and DIMP (50 or
      60 mg/day) to Sch 13521 (60 mg/day). 2) Nipples of 10-60 day old males : Whole
      mount preparations were made unilaterally of the row of 6 mammary glands with
      nipples. The number of intact and abnormal nipples, respectively, was recorded.
      The relation between intact and abnormal nipples served as indicator of the
      efficiency of the antiandrogenic substances studied. The result showed that the
      antiandrogenic effect increased from BOMT to Sch 13521, 60 mg, in the same order
      as that arrived at from studies of the genital tract. The combined results
      obtained from the male offspring indicated that the tissues of the genital
      region, the growth and differentiation of which was most readily impaired by
      antiandrogens, were the same as those known from other work to be stimulated most
      easily in female rat fetuses by testosterone. B) Female offspring. Nipples of 31
      60 day old females were judged from whole mount preparations and recorded as in
      the males. The nipples of adult virginal females were examined macroscopically.
      The same procedure was applied to lactating females, but the results were
      controlled in consecutive lactational periods and at autopsy. The 3 groups of
      females showed uniformly that 1) offspring of rats given BOMT during pregnancy
      had many (about 50 per cent) malformed nipples and 2) the treatment of mother
      rats with DIMP or Sch 13521 did not influence the development of nipples in
      female offspring. The result was assumed to be due to an androgenic effect of the
      steroidal antiandrogen, BOMT, on the nipple anlage.

PMID- 1217901
TI  - [Histological and cytological study of neoblasts and fixed parenchymal cells in
      Dendrocoelum lacteum planarians deprived of their anterior region].
AB  - On amputating either at the root of the pharynx or between the mouth and the
      genital pore, the posterior parts which are thereby isolated do not regenerate.
      However they are capable of surviving for ever a year, without feeding. The
      wounded region is occupied by neoblasts which degenerate within a few days after
      an initial secretory activity. Their degeneration is of autophagic type. The
      abortive blastems disappear only slowly, because the degeneration of their
      neoblasts is partly compensated by the continual immigration of new regeneration
      cells which come from the posterior region. Several months after amputation,
      under the effect of prolonged starvation, neoblasts and fixed parenchymal cells
      begin to degenerate.

PMID- 1217900
TI  - [Action of gonadotropins on androgen synthesis by embryonic testes of mouse and
      rat].
AB  - Testes from mouse and rat embryos were cultured in vitro in the presence of 14C
      sodium acetate and luteinizing hormone or chorionic gonadotrophin. There is an
      increase in testosterone and androstenedione synthesis from sodium acetate under
      both treatments. Sensitivity to gonadotrophins exists already at a relatively
      early stage, when the testis, through testosterone secretion, is building up the
      genital tract. But the role of the hypophysis in normal androgen secretion will
      have to be proven.

PMID- 1217902
TI  - [Effects of cytochalasin B and colchicine on dental cytodifferentiation in
      vitro].
AB  - The effects of various concentrations of cytochalasin B and colchicine on the
      polarization of odontoblasts and ameloblasts of mouse tooth buds cultivated in
      vitro, were studies. It was shown that cytochalasin B, deside its action on the
      microfilaments, had important cytotoxic effects; dilatation of the odontoblast's
      processus, accumulation of secretory granules in the Golgi apparatus, dilatation
      of mitochondria, inhibition of polarization or depolarization of odontoblasts and
      ameloblasts. These modifications resulted chiefly from the lesion of microtubules
      which seem to play an important role in the polarization of the cells studies.

PMID- 1217903
TI  - [Influence of nerve growth factor (NGF) on formation of synapses in newt
      embryonic neural tube].
AB  - Under the influence of the nerve growth factor (NGF) a general stimulation of the
      synthetic processes, especially protein synthesis, occurs in the neuroblasts. The
      morphological counterpart is an hypertrophy of the nucleoli and spiralization of
      nucleolonema, an increase of the number of ribosomes with the persistence of a
      specific organization for each stage of development, then the proliferation of
      the granular endoplasmic reticulum and the modification of the predominant shape
      of mitochondria, which becomes annular, their outer surface being largely
      increased. The nutrient stores are quickly exhausted, with an accelerated
      disintegration of yolk droplets. There is an obvious increase in the number of
      non-synaptic contacts (puncta adherentia) between processes of neuroblasts and
      neighbouring nervous structures, and also an acceleration of formation of typical
      synaptic zones, indicating that NGF stimulates the functional maturation of the
      nervous system.

PMID- 1217905
TI  - [Histology and cytology of tergal gland of Leucophaea maderea and its development
      during sexual maturation of the male].
AB  - The tergal gland of the adult male Leucophaea maderea is a tegumentary
      specialization of the second abdominal segment. This gland is involved in the
      conditioning of the female to mating. Several types of hypodermal cells may be
      recognized among which are numerous glandular cells full of gycoproteic granules.
      Each of these cells is provided with a axial tubular crypt through which passes a
      cuticular canal collecting the secretion products. All the canals open
      independently at the surface of the cuticle and the substance deposited there is
      a mixture of proteins and acid mucosubstances. Morphological differentiation is
      finished just after the moult, but functional differentiation starts with the
      histological and cytological restructuring of the epidermis, particularly the
      elaboration, growth and maturation of numerous granules in the glandular cells.
      This differentiation which occurs mainly during the first week of imaginal life
      is in synchronism with sexual maturation.

PMID- 1217904
TI  - A histoquantitative study of the effect of maternal hypervitaminosis A on the
      differentiation of the foetal mouse skin.
AB  - The skin of albino mouse foetuses aged 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21 days was studied
      histologically and quantitatively. The skin of foetuses aged 21 days after
      maternal hypervitaminosis A, was compared with that of 21 days controls. On the
      13th day, the epidermis consisted of one layer of cuboidal cells. The stratum
      intermedium appeared on the 15th day, the stratum granulosum on the 19th day and
      the stratum corneum on the 21st day of intrauterine life. The quantitative study
      showed that although the epidermis increased more rapidly in thickness in the
      interval between the 13th and 17th day than in the subsequent 4 days, yet in the
      latter period differentiation of the stratum granulosum and corneum took place.
      On the other hand, the rate of proliferation of the epithelial cells concerned in
      the follicle formation was more rapid in the last two days of intrauterine life
      than in any previous prenatal stage. After maternal hypervitaminosis A, the whole
      thickness of the epidermis was reduced by 50% and the dermis showed an oedematous
      appearance. The hair follicle primordia showed a decreased volume.

PMID- 1217906
TI  - [Cutaneous calcinosis induced by topical calciphylaxis in rats. I.
      Ultrastructural aspcts].
AB  - Skin calcification induced by topical calciphylaxis was provoked by a
      subcutaneous injection of iron chloride in rats previously sensitized by D.H.T.
      and studied by electron microscope. The evolution of the calciphylatic response
      can be resumed as follows: -- early appearance of numberous granules in the
      mitochondria of the cells of the connective tissue; their inorganic nature was
      revealed by microincineration and it is highly probable that they are a reserve
      of mineral ions; -- between the 6 hr, and the 18 hr, stages the interfibrillar
      matrix contained rounded vesicular structures, enclosed by a triple mambrane,
      which must surely be of cellular origin; they progressively incorporated more and
      more mineral particles which confirm their primordial role in the initial phases
      of mineralization; -- from the 14 hr. stage onward, mineral rodlets composed of
      chains of little dots appeared in the intercellular matrix and then on the
      collagen fibrils, probably in contact with the mucopolysaccharides; -- starting
      at the 24 hr, stage, the mineralization progressed without a vesicular
      intermediary forming increasingly dense and widespread plaques; the presence of
      needles of homogenous aspect indicated the appearance of a crystalline mineral
      deposit; an intrafibrillar mineral deposit becomes visible later. These results
      are compared with those obtained previously in other studies of experimental or
      pathological calcinosis and of mineralization of skeletal tissues.

PMID- 1217907
TI  - [Experimental study of visual projection specificity in microphthalm and
      monophthalm embryos and adults of Gallus domesticus L].
AB  - Research was carried out into the visual projections of embryos and chickens of
      Gallus domesticus L. who had undergone early optic vesicle removal and into
      microphthalmy or monophthalmy with ipsilateral optic fibres resulting from such
      removal. The architectonics of primary visual centres (nuclei ectomamillaris,
      geniculatus lateralis, lateralis anterior superficialis synencephali, griseus
      tectalis and the tectum opticum superficiale) and of the isthmo-opticus nucleus
      were compared with the architectonics of the same centres in anophthalms. From
      this research it can be seen that:--1. Optic fibres coming from limited ocular
      formation in microphthalms can reach the ectomamillaris nucleus in most cases and
      sustain existence; they may reach the tectum opticum without playing a
      qualitatively discernable morphogenetic role and act upon the isthmo-opticus
      nucleus. For these microphthalms, the nuclei lateralis anterior, geniculatus
      lateralis, superficialis synencephali and griseus tectalis are comparable to
      those of anophthalms. 2. Ipsilateral optic fibers can develop and show the same
      specificity and morphogenetic function as the microphthalms' optic fibres. 3.
      After hatching, some anophthalms shows an isthmo-opticus nucleus with scores of
      neurons. In general, observations during this research have shown that the
      specificity of microphthalms' optic fibres and ipsilateral optic fibres remain
      strictly the same whatever the operation under consideration.

PMID- 1217908
TI  - [Evaluation of the work constraint due to wearing a protective mask in spray
      painters].

PMID- 1217909
TI  - [3d survey of the presence of Salmonella in the canals of Brugges].

PMID- 1217910
TI  - [Effect of pregnancy and lactation on hair growth in mice (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of pregnancy and suckling in mice on spontaneous, induced hair
      growth and on body weight was examined. 1. An inhibition of spontaneous and
      induced growth of hair some days before delivery was found. 2. The initiation of
      hair growth was found not to be wave-like as usually, but nearly simulatneously.
      3. Inhibition and initiation of hair growth seem to be related to body weight. 4.
      The influences on hair growth in mice are compared with known effects of
      pregnancy on hair growth in women.

PMID- 1217911
TI  - Sulfur dioxide and tracheobronchial clearance in man.
AB  - Tracheobronchial clearance was measured in nine healthy, nonsmoking adults.
      Technetium Tc 99m albumin aerosol (mass median diameter, 3 mu; geometric standard
      deviation, 1.6) was inhaled as a bolus under controlled conditions to achieve
      reproducible deposition in large airways. Each subject was studied in three
      seperate three-hour experiments: twice under control conditions and once exposed
      to 5 ppm sulfur dioxide (pollutant exposure after aerosol inhalation). Lung
      retention of activity was measured using a gamma camera interfaced to a data
      storage and retrieval system. The study showed that (1) Both deposition and
      clearance were highly reproducible in individuals in repeat control studies. (2)
      Acute exposure to 5 ppm sulfur dioxide had no significant effect (P greater than
      .05) on mucocillary clearance in resting healthy subjects, except perhaps for a
      small transient change (P=.05) after one hour. (3) Pulmonary function tests
      showed a decrease in maximal midexpiratory flow (P less than .01) but no other
      significant changes.

PMID- 1217913
TI  - Smoking and respiratory illness in military recruits.
AB  - The effect of smoking on respiratory illness was investigated at a naval recruit
      camp. All recruits entering training during an 11-month period, beginning in
      February 1971, were included in the study. Questionnaires in regard to smoking
      habits were administered on arrival and during the last week of training. Facts
      of illness were obtained from each recruit's health record during the last week
      of training and abstracted onto electronic accounting machine (EAM) cards. Data
      on a sample of 1,100 men, who had complete records, were analyzed. Two thirds of
      the men were smokers on arrival. Heavy smokers had a longer history of smoking.
      The majority of recruits decreased smoking during training. Significantly more
      heavy smokers than light smokers or nonsmokers had symptoms of chronic
      respiratory involvement. No statistically significant increases in respiratory
      illness were observed in smokers.

PMID- 1217912
TI  - Oxygen and lung fibrosis.
AB  - Young adult rats were continuously exposed to environments containing 9% to 10%,
      20% and 80% oxygen for 41 and 84 days. Animals exposed to both extreme oxygen
      concentrations demonstrated a noticeably slowed body growth, and the weight of
      the lungs was proportionally lower. Total amount and density of hydroxyproline in
      the lungs of both groups was markedly higher than in rats exposed to an ambient
      atmosphere. At both extreme oxygen concentrations, the content of lactate in the
      lung and total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were markedly higher, as was
      the activity of prolyl hydroxylase. The finding of enhanced peroxidizability of
      lipids in the lungs (examined by determination of malonaldehyde and change in the
      profile of fatty acids) indicates that both extreme oxygen concentrations
      represent an injury to lung constituents. We propose that under chronic exposure
      to low (9% to 10%) or high (80%) oxygen, the lung tissue was damaged (enhanced
      peroxidizability of lipids). It also developed inflammatory changes (increased
      lactate and LDH activity) that resulted in the enhancement of fibroplasia
      (increased activity of prolyl hydroxylase and collagen content). It is also
      possible that the content of tissue lactate in vivo situations may control the
      activity of prolyl hydroxylase.

PMID- 1217914
TI  - Sulfuric acid and streptococci clearance from respiratory tracts of mice.
AB  - The inhalation of 15 mg/cu m (3.2mu count median diameter) of H2SO4 aerosol for
      four hours after exposure to radioactive aerosol resulted in a reduction in the
      rate of clearance of nonviable streptococci from the lungs and noses of mice. A
      second exposure to H2SO4 lasting 90 minutes (15 mg/cu m, 3.2mu count median
      diameter) for four days prior to the radioactive aerosol resulted in a reduced
      rate of clearance of nonviable streptococci from the noses but not the lungs.
      Neither of these exposure regimens caused an alteration in the rate of reduction
      of viable streptococci from the lungs or noses. Inhalation of 1.5 mg/cu m of
      H2SO4 (0.6mu coung median diameter) for four daily 90-minute exposures prior to,
      or for four hours after exposure to Streptococcus caused no alteration in the
      normal rate of clearance of viable or nonviable streptococci from the noses or
      lungs.

PMID- 1217915
TI  - Toxicology of high-fired beryllium oxide inhaled by rodents. II. Metabolism and
      early effects.
AB  - Several groups of male and female rats and hamsters were exposed by inhalation to
      an aerosol of BeO particles calcined at 1000 C. Initial alveolar depositions
      ranged from 12 mug to 160mug Be. The alveolar retention half-life for BeO was
      approximately six months. Only the pulmonary lymph nodes accumulated detectable
      amounts of translocated BeO. Early alterations were seen in the alveolar
      macrophages, which were subsequently converted to histiocytic cells that
      accumulated in subpleural and peribronchiolar granulomatous lesions within eight
      months after the exposure. The alveolar clearance of a test aerosol, radioactive
      plutonium dioxide (239PuO2), was decreased to 60% of the normal rate when the
      radioactive material was given at 1, 30, or 60 days after exposure to BeO. These
      results demonstrate the important function of the alveolar macrophage in Be
      induced granulomatous disease, as well as the rapid impairment of alveolar
      macrophage function by phagocytized BeO.

PMID- 1217916
TI  - Practical methods of reducing airborne contaminants in interior spaces.
AB  - Prediction of airborne concentrations of enviornmentally important contaminants
      is supported by field test data on tobacco smoke. The analysis discussed herein
      is completely general in nature, and the contaminants can be gases, vapors,
      liquid droplets, and solid particulates, including microorganisms and pollens.
      Several engineering controls can be applied to practical environnmental systems
      to reduce and control undesirable contaminants in normally occupied structures.
      The use of the method is an important research tool to more accurately quantify
      airborne contaminant levels in enviornmental medicine experiments with animals or
      human subjects. It is difficult and expensive to control inside environmental
      contaminant levels at values less than 20% to 25% of those occurring outside. The
      same is true for internally generated contaminants.

PMID- 1217917
TI  - Distribution of thallium and lead in children's blood.
AB  - Mean whole blood concentrations for lead and thallium were determined by atomic
      absorption spectrophotometric analysis for children residing in Newkark, NJ.
      Frequency distributions for the various concentration ranges for both metals were
      recorded. There is no noticeable correlation between the lead and thallium
      content of whole blood, which suggests that exposure to and/or absorption of
      these substances are different.

PMID- 1217918
TI  - [Synthesis and pharmacological activity of cyclic N-substituted
      diphenylhydrazines].

PMID- 1217920
TI  - Automatism suppression by tricyclic antidepressant agents on rat right ventricle.

PMID- 1217921
TI  - Calcium and the contractile response of the mesenteric arteries to noradrenaline.

PMID- 1217922
TI  - A clinical and experimental study of the effects of some anabolic steroids on
      hepatic structure and function.

PMID- 1217923
TI  - [Rifampicin: interactions with other drugs].

PMID- 1217924
TI  - Verapamil and digitalics: experimental study on heart in situ of guinea-pig.

PMID- 1217925
TI  - [New methods for estimate the monocompartimental parameters in pharmacocinetic
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217926
TI  - [Action of streptomycine on the contractility of isolated guinea-pig ileum by
      coaxial stimulation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217927
TI  - The action of cyclophosphamide aerosol upon serum immunoglobulins and upon
      bronchial mucus in chronic bronchial pneumopathy.

PMID- 1217928
TI  - [Influence of melatonin and two synthetic derivatives on the gonadal effect of
      the human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217929
TI  - [Effect of melatonin and two synthetic derivatives of the colouring of amphibians
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217930
TI  - [ATP and electrocardiographic differences induced by isoproterenol in rats
      pretreated with propranolol (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217931
TI  - [Antagonism of guanethidine action and the others blocking agents by
      diphenychydramine, imipramine and dextroamphetamine in illation with human
      hypertension (author's transl)].

PMID- 1217932
TI  - [A rare case of sudden death in relation to a sexual act].

PMID- 1217933
TI  - [An example of perceptual distortion explained as "psi-effect?"].

PMID- 1217934
TI  - Growth and morphology of Asticcacaulis biprosthecum in defined media.
AB  - The growth and morphology of cells of Asticcacaulis biprosthecum were studied in
      defined media to determine the effects of various compounds on the growth rate
      and on the expression of morphological events of the life cycle. The length of
      prosthecae could not be controlled by varying the concentration of inorganic
      phosphate as has been shown for other caulobacters. In defined media, growth was
      inhibited during conditions favoring rapid metabolism, apparently due to an
      absolute requirement for cells to complete all stages of the life cycle before
      cell division could occur. The morphology of cells grown under these conditions
      was aberrant, i.e., cells appeared elongated and branched and few prosthecae or
      swarmer cells were produced. Growth of a related bacterium, Asticcacaulis strain
      S-3, was not inhibited by conditions favoring rapid metabolism. During rapid
      growth, cell division in this organism occurs in the swarmer stage and prosthecae
      are not produced. Cell division in S-3 is not obligately coupled to completion of
      all stages in the complex life cycle, and morphogenesis can be controlled by
      cultural conditions.

PMID- 1217935
TI  - Microbial assimilation of alkyl nitro compounds and formation of nitrite.
AB  - 66 representative strains of bacteria, yeasts and fungi were tested for their
      ability to grow in a semidefined medium containing 0.5% nitroethane as a nitrogen
      source. About half of them were found capable of growing in the medium. Hansenula
      beijerinckii, Candida utilis, and Penicillium chrysogenum were most active in
      assimilating nitroethane. 2-Nitropropane inhibited growth of most of the
      microorganisms tested in a medium containing 0.2% peptone and 0.2% glycerol.
      Hansenula mrakii was found to grow rapidly in the nitroethane-peptone medium
      after a lag phase. Nitrite was accumulated in the culture fluid after the phase
      of logarithmic multiplication, and increased with increase of the growth,
      followed by a decline after the maximum growth. The alkyl nitro compounds were
      oxidatively denitrified to form nitrite by the crude enzyme from Hansenula
      mrakii. Nitroethane was generally a poor substrate, but was the best inducer to
      produce the nitro compounds oxidizing enzyme. 2-Nitro-propane and nitroethane
      were enzymatically oxidized to nitrite, and acetone and acetaldehyde,
      respectively, which were isolated as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones and identified.
      Nitrite formed was found to be reduced into ammonia by the intact cells and also
      the crude enzyme.

PMID- 1217936
TI  - Origin and ultrastructure of intra-hyphal hyphae in Trichophyton terrestre and T.
      rubrum.
AB  - A cell observation chamber was designed to perform continuous photomicroscopic
      observations of hyphal anastomosis and the origin of intra-hyphal hyphae in
      Trichophyton terrestre and T. rubrum. These data were correlated with
      ultrastructural features of intra-hyphal hyphae. Hyphal fusions occurred commonly
      in either species of Trichophyton when incubated alone. In T. terrestre, empty
      phyphal segments adjoined by live units were invaded at the septa from both
      directions by new hyphal ingrowth. Continuous observations revealed that the
      intra-hyphal hyphae subsequently anastomosed via a lateral fusion peg. Similar
      intra-hyphal hyphae were shown in T. rubrum. Electron microscopic studies
      revealed ascomycetous septa in both conventional hyphae and intra-hyphal hyphae.
      For the latter, the cytoplasm and wall of the inner hypha were bounded by
      cytoplasmic organelles and another cell wall of the outer hypha.

PMID- 1217937
TI  - Variability of the molecular size of extracellular amylase produced by intact
      cells and protoplasts of Bacillus caldolyticus.
AB  - One of the typical properties of the extracellular amylase produced by Bacillus
      caldolyticus is the tendency to disintegrate into subunits with a molecular
      weight (MW) of less than 10,000, when the enzyme is subjected to ultrafiltration.
      Disintegration is due to a loss of Ca-ions, leading to nonactive subunits.
      Activity can be fully restroed by addition of Ca-ions. Reactivation occurs also
      spontaneously if the low MW fraction is stored in glassware. Comparative
      ultrafiltration experiments with the subunit fraction with or without a supply of
      Ca revealed that in presence of this divalent cation  the subunits reaggregated
      to the active enzyme. The different distribution patterns obtained in absence or
      presence of Ca showed that reactivation is directly linked to the formation of a
      high MW form of the protein. Substitution of Ca by other divalent cations also
      led to reaggregation. These aggregates are, however, inactive. The enzyme was
      found to be formed intracellularly in its low MW form. Experiments with
      protoplasts revealed that these are capable to produce and release the amylase.
      When the production of the enzyme by protoplasts declined, full restoration could
      be achieved by a recovery treatment. Normally, the enzyme released by the
      protoplasts consisted of equal portions of the high, medium, and low MW form of
      the amylase. If the cells were, however, depleted as a result of continued
      incubations, the extruded enzyme consisted increasingly of the low MW form, which
      could finally represent more than 80%. This trend could be completely reversed by
      the supply of carbon and nitrogen sources during the recovery treatment,
      whereafter the enzyme consisted again of the intially observed equal amounts of
      the three MW forms. Vesicles prepared from the protoplasts were also found to
      release amylase, but on a lower level, and only for a very limited time, with no
      possibility to regain activity by a recovery treatment. Subunit formation was
      also observed during column chromatography, which could be counteracted by a
      sufficient supply with Ca-ions.

PMID- 1217938
TI  - Oxidation of methanol, formaldehyde and formate by catalase purified from
      methanol-grown Hansenula polymorpha.
AB  - Catalase has been partially purified from cell-free extracts of methanol-grown
      Hansenula polymorpha and its peroxidative properties were studied. It was shown
      that the enzyme is capable of oxidizing methanol, formaldehyde and formate in the
      presence of hydrogen peroxide. The physiological significance of these reactions
      in the transduction of energy from the oxidation of methanol in yeasts is
      discussed.

PMID- 1217940
TI  - Characteration of RNA synthesized during germination of Blastocladia ramosa
      Zoospores.
AB  - The synthesis of RNA was studied during the synchronous germination of
      Blastocladia ramosa zoospores. Comparison of RNA synthesis during germination of
      B. ramosa and Blastocladiella emersonii zoospores revealed that B. ramosa has a
      longer lag time before RNA synthesis is initiated and, in addition, the rate of
      RNA synthesis is ten-fold lower in B. ramosa. Zoospores of B. ramosa were shown
      to contain pre-formed messenger RNA but this messenger RNA directs only a portion
      of the protein synthesis which occurs during early germination. The conclusion
      that the remainder of the protein synthetic activity of the germinating spores is
      due to new message synthesis was supported by demonstrating that the timing of
      the initation of protein synthesis on new messages correlates with the time RNA
      synthesis is initiated. New message synthesis was also demonstrated by the
      incorporation of label into RNA which contains a poly (A) fragment. Synthesis of
      all classes of RNA including ribosomal, messenger, and transfer RNA was shown to
      be initiated at the same time. The implications of this observation are
      discussed.

PMID- 1217939
TI  - Control of composition and activity of the photosynthetic apparatus of
      Rhodopseudomonas capsulata grown in ammonium-limited continuous culture.
AB  - Rhodopseudomonas capsulata was grown either phototropically in the light or
      chemotrophically in the dark at oxygen tensions of 5 mm and 3 mm Hg in ammonium
      limited continuous culture. During growth limitation bacteriochlorophyll content
      of cells and membranes varied dependent on growth rate drastically in
      chemotrophic cultures. Concomittantly, the ratio of membrane protein to total
      protein varied in the range of 30-41%. This dependence of membrane
      differentiation on growth rate was less evident in phototrophically grown cells.
      The incorporation of the bulk of bacteriochlorophyll was shown to be
      quantitatively correlated to the incorporation of 1-3 low molecular weight
      proteins with molecular weights in the range of 14 to less than 10 k daltons.
      Supported by similar findings of other authors it is proposed, that these
      proteins are to be attributed to the species of antenna bacteriochlorophyll and
      represent components of the photosynthetic apparatus. With decreasing growth
      rates the size of the photosynthetic unit with respect to the population of
      bacteriochlorophyll- and protein molecules was reduced subsequent to a reduction
      in the rate of incorporation of antenna-bacteriochlorophyll and the low molecular
      weight proteins, the reaction-center bacteriochlorophyll content of the membranes
      remaining constant. A parallel decrease in potential phosphorylating capacity was
      observed. It is concluded, that under these conditions,  primary photochemical
      reactions in the reaction center were not the rate-limiting step in
      photophosphorylation. The interaction of growth limitation by an anabolic
      precursor (NH+4) and control of membrane differentiation by light intensity or
      oxygen tension is discussed.

PMID- 1217941
TI  - [Fermentative degradation of 2-14C-mannose with Leuconostoc mesenteroides
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Mannose-2-14C has been fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides, CO2 ethanol and D
      lactic acid were formed in a molar ratio of 1:1:1. A small amount of acetic acid
      was found as by-product. It could easily be isolated from the main products of
      the fermentation and it did not disturb further degradation procedures. The
      methyl-C-atom of ethanol, which was derived from C-2 of the mannose, had nearly
      the same specific radioactivity as mannose-2-14C. All other C-atoms of the
      degradation products were only very slightly labeled. Their content of
      radioactivity was in any case lower than 3% of the specific radioactivity of the
      degraded mannose. This procedure is applicable for the degradation of 14C-labeled
      mannose.

PMID- 1217942
TI  - [Effects of malnutrition on the maturity of the C.N.S. II. Development of size,
      RNA and proteins in the brain and cerebellum].

PMID- 1217943
TI  - [Probable etiology of alopecia in Spanish lathyric patients. Results of studies
      on fungal toxins developed on the exterior surface of the seed of Lathyrus
      sativus (blue wetch)].

PMID- 1217944
TI  - [Familial periodic adynamia].

PMID- 1217945
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome with multineuritis].

PMID- 1217946
TI  - [Anti-Mullerian hormone: A feto-protein?].

PMID- 1217947
TI  - [Frequency of birth defects. Study of a maternity hospital in Paris].
AB  - A retrospective study of 20,591 live born babies and still birth was made in
      order to estimate the incidence of congenital malformations total and by type
      diagnosed at birth. The total incidence is 1,74 p. 100. The sex ratio, the mean
      birth rank and parental ages were computed for the different types of
      malformation and in the control group. The birth weight was low in case of severe
      malformation. It was found that malformations were associated with significantly
      raised abortions and still birth rates among previous pregnancies.

PMID- 1217948
TI  - [Congenital adrenal hypoplasia of cytomegalic type. Recessive, sex-linked form.
      Apropos of 3 cases].
AB  - Three personal cases, and the cases of literature of congenital adrenal
      hypoplasia with cytomegaly allow an histological definition. Clinical and
      biological findings are described. In 2 cases, a diffused hypertrophy of the
      cells responsible for corticotrope or melanotrope secretion was discovered; it
      confirmed the peripheral adrenal origin of the condition, as well as high
      plasmatic level of ACTH, in the third case. Sex-bound cytomegalic adrenal
      hypoplasia is differenciated from other cortico-adrenal insufficiencies with
      cytomegaly.

PMID- 1217950
TI  - [Trisomy 8 in mosaicism].
AB  - Case report of a 6 year old girl without clear dysmorphism or mental deficiency.
      Chromosome studies, performed on blood lymphocytes, showed trisomy 8 in 80 % of
      the cells. This case is discussed with regards to a short literature analysis.

PMID- 1217949
TI  - [Thymic and parathyroid agenesia (DiGeorge's syndrome). Apropos of a case with
      abnormal vena caval return].
AB  - A child with a complete absence of thymus and parathyroids (Di George's syndrome)
      associated with a cardiac malformation (truncus arteriosus and abnormal caval
      venous return) is described ; the child died at the age of 1 month. An exchange
      transfusion, performed at 4 days of age induced a mild graft versus host reaction
      which could only be recognized histologically and distorted the results of
      immunological tests. On this occasion, the main clinical, anatomical and
      immunological features of the Di George's syndrome are reviewed. They suggest a
      possible relationship between the severity of the cardiac malformation and the
      more or less complete character of the dysgenesia of the thymus and the
      parathyroids.

PMID- 1217951
TI  - [Selective malabsorption of vitamin B 12 (Imerslund's disease) and its treatment.
      Apropos of 2 cases].
AB  - Two cases of Imerslund's disease are reported, with special reference to the
      treatment with vitamin B 12. Data suggest that mean corpuscular volume and
      urinary excretion of methylmalonic acid are the most sensitive parameters to
      follow the effect of the treatment and predict the relapse.

PMID- 1217952
TI  - [Recent acquisitions on fucosidosis].

PMID- 1217953
TI  - [Study of the pathogenic mechanism of hypocalcemia in primary hypomagnesemia.
      Demonstration of a blockage of the mechanism of release of parathyroid hormone].
AB  - Parathyroid function and peripheral responsiveness to parathyroid hormone were
      studied during magnesium dependent hypocalcemia in a 5 years old boy with primary
      hypomagnesemia. The bone system and the kidneys were responsive to exogenous
      bovine parathyroid extracts as demonstrated by the normalisation of the calcemia
      and the increase of urinary cyclic AMP, phosphorus and hydroxyproline. Low levels
      of serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone gave also clear indication of
      impaired parathyroid function. By contrast intravenous injection of magnesium
      sulfate induced an instantaneous and very sharp increase of serum immunoreactive
      parathyroid hormone as shown by levels well above the normal range one minute
      after the injection ; this was followed by a regular decrease of hormonal levels
      reaching the normal range one hour later. This finding clearly demonstrates that
      severe magnesium depletion induces impaired parathyroid hormone release in man.

PMID- 1217954
TI  - [Renal cystadenoma in children. Apropos of 5 cases].
AB  - The multilocular renal cystadenoma is a benign, rather uncommon tumor occurring
      in childhood (one case for 40 Wilms tumors). The clinical pathological study of
      five cases and the review of cases published in the literature show that this
      tumor, like all cystadenomata, is constituted by isolated cysts lined with cubic
      epithelium and inserted into each other. These cysts are included into mature
      mesenchymatous tissue. The renal cystadenoma appears as a large, regular, spheric
      mass, sharply demarcated from the pelvic cavities and renal parenchyma. Its
      volume is the main clinical sign. Occasionally, angiographic and echographic
      investigations may provide additional useful data. In some cases, the renal
      cystadenoma may be difficult to distinguish from a well differenciated cystic
      nephroblastoma. The differential features are emphasized and discussed. The renal
      cystadenoma must be regarded as a hamartoma developed from some metanephrogenic
      blastematous areas excluded from the normal embryogenetic process. The term of
      renal cystadenoma emphasizes the neoplastic nature and the macroscopic appearance
      of this tumor and must be preferred to designate this lesion.

PMID- 1217955
TI  - [Cat eye syndrome with pituitary dwarfism and normal mental development].
AB  - In the so-called "cat-eye" syndrome are associated the following malformations:
      coloboma iridis, anal atresia, pre-auricular fistullae with an extra 47th
      chromosome of the G group type. About twenty cases have already been reported.
      Some are familial cases and some have the complete phenotype but without the
      extra chromosome. Even if the structure of the material of this element is
      doubtful, its responsability in the phenotype is likely. This case is reported
      since the patient has pituitary dwarfism and normal intelligence.

PMID- 1217956
TI  - [Hemodynamic consequences of umbilical arterial catheterization.
      Photoplethysmographic study].
AB  - The hemodynamic consequences of umbilical arterial infusions in newborns can be
      registered by photoplethysmography. Thirty-nine children were observed according
      to the same protocol: it was possible to recognize, on the side of the infusion,
      without other clinical symptoms, very early but after different times: - in 3
      cases, the supression of arteriolar oscillations, back to normal after 24 hours
      in one case, and after several weeks in 2 cases; - in 2 cases, a transitory
      increase of arteriolar oscillations; - in 7 cases, an elective decrease of the
      arteriolar systolic pressure, with unchanged diastolic pressure. In 4/7 cases, it
      became normal in less than 3 days; - in 3 cases, a decrease in arteriolar
      systolic and diastolic pressures, during 2 days.

PMID- 1217957
TI  - Freeze-etching images of rabbit thyroid glands.
AB  - Freeze-etching images of the rabbit thyroid were described. The outline of the
      structure of the follicular epithelial cell in freeze-etching techniques is
      consistent with that in ultrathin sections. The subapical junctional complex
      consists of tight and gap junctions. According to the number of strands (5-16)
      indicating the tight junction and the depth of the tight junction (0.3-1.1 mum),
      this is classified into the "very tight" form of CLAUDE and GOODENOUGH(1973). The
      number of intramembranous particles per mum2 on the A-face of the lateral as well
      as the apical plasma membrane is far larger than that on the B-face. The limiting
      membrane of the reabsorbed colloid droplet shows also a similar pattern to that
      of the plasma membrane. The capillary endothelial cells show numerous
      fenestations whose population density is about 20/mum2 on the endothelial surface
      except in the parajunctional zone.

PMID- 1217958
TI  - An electron microscope study on permeability in cerebral venules in the rats with
      hypertensive encephalopathy.
AB  - Hypertensive encephalopathy was induced in the rat by clipping one renal artery
      and contralateral nephrectomy. The possible changes of vascular permeability of
      the cerebral blood capillaries and venules were investigated by using ferritin as
      a tracer. The uninephrectomized rats served as controls. In controls, ferritin
      was never seen in the basement membranes, within plasmalemmal vesicles on the
      basal surface of the endothelium, or in endothelial cell junctions of cerebral
      capillaries and venules up to 180 min after the injection. In venules of the
      brain in rats with hypertensive encephalopathy, a number of ferritin particles
      appeared in the basement membrane in 60 min after the injection. Many
      plasmalemmal vesicles in the endothelial cells of venules were labeled with
      ferritin. However, ferritin particles were never found in the endothelial cell
      junctions. The results suggested that leakage of macromolecules, such as serum
      proteins, occurred in venules mainly by increased vesicular transport.

PMID- 1217959
TI  - Fine structure of the basal-granulated cells in human fetal duodenum.
AB  - Fine structure of the duodenal mucosa in ten human fetuses 4 to 7 months old was
      studied by light and electron microscopy using Epon-embedded specimens. Cells
      containing membrane-bound granules were found both in the connective tissue and
      in the epithelia and identified to be basal-granulated cells, since they
      essentially corresponded in their cytoplasmic fine structures to the named cells
      in the adult. However, their relation to nerves and epithelial elements revealed
      some primitive features. In the 4 month fetus, the basal-granulated cells were
      seen in the lamina propria forming clusters which were often in contact with the
      basal part of the epithelium. In the 5 month fetus, occurrence of clustered basal
      granulated cells in the connective tissue was among other epithelial cells,
      gaining an apical process which reached the lumen. The basal-granulated cells in
      the lamina propria were frequently surrounded by a Schwann-like cell. Profiles of
      unmyelinated nerve fibers were ample in the space between the Schwann-like cell
      and the basal-granulated cell. An phi-shaped invagination of the basal plasma
      membrane encompassing granular material was often found in the D type basal
      granulated cells in the 7 month fetus. This suggests that the secretion of at
      least some of the basal-granulated cells starts in the prenatal period by
      emiocytosis.

PMID- 1217960
TI  - Studies on preparation technique of human erythrocytes for clinical scanning
      electron microscopy.
AB  - Various methods of preparation were tested and modified in order to establish a
      proper method of preparing normal and pathological human erythrocytes for
      scanning electron microscopy. Morphological changes after various preparation
      techniques, such as echinocytosis, spherocytosis, elliptocytosis and knizocytosis
      were studied and evaluated statistically. The best method, so far obtained to
      preserve 99% of normal erythrocytes as biconcave discocytes, was that of venous
      blood without anticoagulants or acid-citrate-dextrose, washed with physiological
      saline at 37 degrees C, fixed in 0.75% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer,
      pH 7.3 (318 mosmol), postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated with graded
      ethanol and amyl acetate, dried with critical point drying method, and coated
      with carbon and gold.

PMID- 1217961
TI  - Immunological reactions after measles vaccination.
AB  - Evaluation of immunological reactions after vaccination with attenuated measles
      virus wasbased on determination of the level of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI)
      and neutralizing (N) antibodies, their location in basic groups of
      immunoglobulins, and the degree of blastic transformation induced by phaseolin.
      The picture of lymphocyte chromosomes of the peripheral blood was also
      investigated. HI and N antibodies were detected not earlier than on the 14th day
      after vaccination, reaching a peak on the 30th day. Sera were fractioned on
      Sephadex G-200 gel or centrifuged in sucrose-density gradient. On the 14th day
      activity of antibodies was located mainly in IgM fractions, and in a later period
      mainly in IgG and partly in IgA and IgM. Decrease in blastic transformation was
      found on the 7th day after vaccination, when HI and N antibodies were not
      detectable. Further decrease in transformation was observed on the 14th day after
      vaccination. Mitotic indexes increase significantly only on the 30th day after
      vaccination. For the whole period of observation there were no changes in the
      number and structure of chromosomes.

PMID- 1217962
TI  - Anti-Gm and anti-Inv antibodies in sera of children with some infectious
      diseases.
AB  - Sera of 137 children aged 3 months to 13 years with various infectious diseases
      were examined for anti-Gm and ante child with mumps, and anti-Gm (4) antibodies
      in one with infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 1217963
TI  - Frequency and heredity of ADA types in the Polish population.
AB  - Phenotypes of the ADA system were determined in a population sample of n = 208.
      Two ADA phenotypes were encountered: ADA 1-1 with a frequency of 0-82, and ADA 2
      1 with a frequency of 0-18. Gene frequencies were: ADA1 = 0-911 and ADA2 = 0-089.
      Distribution of phenotypes in 9 families with 28 children and in 93 mother-child
      pairs was consistent with the hypothesis of heredity of the ADA group system.

PMID- 1217964
TI  - Blastic transformation of lymphocytes in in vitro cultures during
      immunosuppressive therapy in patients with glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Blastic transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes following stimulation with
      phytohemagglutinin during immunosuppressive therapy (prednisone 2 mg/kg body
      weight, indomethacin 2--3-5 mg/kg, azathioprine 2--4 mg/kg, cyclophosphamide 1-5-
      3 mg/kg per day) was studied in 59 patients with various morpholigic forms of
      chronic glomerulonephritis and in 7 with lupus erythematosus nephritis. No
      uniformly regular influence of immunosuppressive therapy in the doses employed in
      glomerulonephritis on blastic transformation in in vitro cultures was noted. The
      specific drug administered was not decisive for the character of the change in
      reactivity of lymphocytes (increase or decrease in blastic transformation). The
      interesting observation was made that efficacy of treatment was high in patients
      with lowest initial values of blastic transformation and its greatest increase
      during therapy. Apparently, disorders of cellular immunity assessed on the basis
      of blastic transformation of lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin are
      not a decisive prognostic factor in glomerulonephritis. The results are discussed
      from the aspect of a possible influence of immunosuppressive therapy on
      restoration of the physiological proportion of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral
      blood.

PMID- 1217965
TI  - Pharmacological studies on 1-nitro-9-alkyl acridine derivatives. I. Acute and
      subchronic action.
AB  - Preclinical pharmacologic studies of two further acridine derivatives, 1-nitro-9
      (diethylaminopropylamino)-acridine (C-410) and 1-nitro-9-(diethylaminoethylamino)
      acridine (C-516) are reported. Both compounds are characterized by high toxicity,
      especially when injected intravenously, poor absorption from the gastrointestinal
      tract, and local irritant action. Local irritation can be partly alleviated by
      using phosphate buffer of pH 7.0 as solvent. Both preparations caused hemodynamic
      changes (hypotension) due to stimulation of the parasympathetic system (in cats),
      and higher doses showed direct action on the myocardium. Both preparations acted
      directly on smooth muscles, predominantly spastically (blood vessels, intestines
      in vivo and in vitro), and spasmolytically only on the smooth muscle of the
      urinary bladder in cats. Compound C-410 is deprived of a central component, and
      compound C-516 in most tests exhibited sedative properties. Despite moderate
      impairment of spermato- and spermiogenesis, neither of the compounds depressed
      reproductivity of the animals and no teratogenic action was observed.

PMID- 1217967
TI  - Blastic transformation of lymphocytes in patients with glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1217966
TI  - Pharmacological studies on 1-nitro-9-alkyl acridine derivatives. II. Chronic
      action.
AB  - Encouraging results of preclinical pharmacologic analysis prompted the following
      study on the chronic action of 1-nitro-9-(diethylaminopropylamino)-acridine
      (compound C-410) and 1-nitro-9-(diethylaminoethylamino)-acridine (compound C
      516). Neither compound had an appreciable effect on quantitative regeneration of
      peripheral formed blood elements. Liver and kidney function tests were not
      significantly affectd. Histopathologic studies showed involutive changes in the
      lymphatic tissues and slight degenerative lesions in parenchymal organs and
      nuclei. However, these changes were not severe enough to cause functional
      disturbances or to impair reproductivity.

PMID- 1217968
TI  - Lysogeny-typing of Staphylococcus aureus. Comparison of spontaneous lysogeny, UV
      ray-induced lysogeny and chemically induced lysogeny.

PMID- 1217969
TI  - Prevalence of rubella virus antibodies in selected regions of Poland including
      urban and rural areas.

PMID- 1217970
TI  - Lesions in lymphoreticular tissue in animals immunized with typhoid vaccine in
      the neonatal period.

PMID- 1217971
TI  - Bm and A2Bm blood groups in four members of a Polish family.

PMID- 1217972
TI  - A method for concentrating bacteriophages using polyethylene glycol.

PMID- 1217973
TI  - Birthrates of schizophrenics following relatively warm versus relatively cool
      summers.
AB  - Schizophrenics have consistently been found to be born with unusually high
      frequency in the early months of the calendar year. A previous study found
      significantly more schizophrenics to be born following warmer as contrasted with
      cooler summers, thus suggesting that summer temperature or a correlate of summer
      temperature may be an effective factor in the season of birth schizophrenia
      relationship. The current study re-tested the warmer vs. cooler summer finding,
      using both a local sample (N = 301) and a nationwide sample of Swedish
      schizophrenics (N = 13,440), each sample showing increased frequency of births in
      the early months of the year. In order to localize the possible effects of
      temperature to a more specific gestational period, the schizophrenics in each
      sample were further divided into sub-groups based upon which trimester of
      gestation likely occurred during the summer prior to the birth. The 71 years
      (1876-1946) during which the patients were born rank-ordered by mean summer
      temperature at representative geographical locations, and the rank-orders of
      years were divided into temperature quartiles. The rates of births for the total
      patient groups and the trimester sub-groups among both samples showed no positive
      linear or systematic relationship to temperature during the previous summer. Even
      the warmest among the 71 years were not followed by increased rates of births of
      schizophrenics. The results of the study did not corroborate the earlier finding.

PMID- 1217974
TI  - [Seasonal differences in the frequency of suicise in youth and old age (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The number of suicides by young and old people is not constant during the course
      of the year and differs for the two age groups. In Germany young people commit
      suicide more often during autumn and winter; old people, on the other hand, are
      more likely to commit suicide in spring and summer. The difference between the
      two groups has been statistically proved with 99.7%.

PMID- 1217975
TI  - [Neuropsychological investigations on short-time effects of biperiden (Akineton)
      in Parkinson's Disease (author's transl)].
AB  - In 10 parkinsonian patients the short-time effects of biperiden after slow,
      intravenous application were investigated in comparison with a placebo group.
      Immediately after infusion the patients, who were examined at fixed intervals
      using standardized tests of psychomotor function, mood, and affect, showed a
      marked impairment os psychomotor function and reaction time, which in time did
      not exceed the placebo effects. Simultaneously there could be demonstrated an
      increasing affective stimulation with an acceleration of operating time and
      improvement of mood. These findings demonstrate- analogously to the intravenous
      application of L-Dopa-a psychotropic effect independent of the eventual
      antiakinetic properties of biperiden. The frequency of exogenous psychotic
      reactions in patients with marked psychoorganic alteration restricts the
      applicability of anticholinergic drugs in the treatment of an akinetic crisis.

PMID- 1217977
TI  - [Late schizophrenia (author's transl)].
AB  - The designation "late schizophrenia" is used with reference to M. Bleuler. Of 502
      cases of schizophrenia admitted to the mental hospital of the university of Bonn
      from 1945-1959 and later catamnestically examined, 14% were taken ill after age
      40. Including the deceased, the percentage increases to 17.1 (110 of 644 cases).
      The onset of disturbance could be ascertained with 50% occurring equally between
      age 40-44 and age 45-59. Late schizophrenia became manifest after age 50 in 24.
      3% and in 3.1% after age 60. The average period of observation was 17.8 years,
      and 20.7 years including prodromes. In 42.8% prodromes and/or signs in advance
      could be traced. Females predominated (64.3%). Syntonic personalities were
      markedly more frequent (49.3%), psychopathic primary personalities less frequent
      than in other schizophrenias in the first half of life. With regard to premorbid
      intelligence or hereditability no differences could be found. Psychic-reactive
      actuation (31.9%) was not significantly more frequent than in the group as a
      whole (25%). Not even by social factors (social class of parental family,
      bachelorhood rate, childlessness, and late marriage) could late schizophrenia be
      reliably distinguished from other schizophrenias. The quota of initially
      dominating paranoid-hallucinatory (55.4%) and paranoid syndromes (23.2%) is
      markedly higher than in schizophrenia of the first half of life, depressive moods
      (47.1%) and coenaesthesias (64.3%) less frequent. The final prognosis is -
      especially for women - more favorable, the rate of full remissions amounting 30%;
      35% showed remissions to slight pure residual symptoms. All types of
      schizophrenic courses also occur in late schizophrenia; monophasic types are
      significantly more frequent, the two most prognostically unfavorable types are
      significantly rarer than in the group as a whole. The rate of social
      reintegration is with 64.3% higher and that of permanent hospitalization 10%
      lower than in the group as a whole. In view of the identity of late schizophrenia
      with all other schizophrenias, the same principles have to be applied to therapy
      and rehabilitation.

PMID- 1217976
TI  - [Pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of subacute sclerosing encephalitis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper reports the case of a 20-year-old patient with subacute sclerosing
      leukoencephalitis who in spite of the severe illness was delivered of a healthy
      child be caesarean section. This child grew normally and showed no signs of
      disease of the CNS. The patient herself was treated immunsuppressively and the
      illness then reached a stationary state. The pathogenesis of subacute sclerosing
      leukoencephalitis, similarities  of laboratory findings to multiple sclerosis,
      and problems of treatment are discussed.

PMID- 1217978
TI  - [Speech behavior of schizophrenics. Assay of an experimental point of departure
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Schizophrenic subjects and a control group of healthy subjects were tested with
      the following three language tasks: (1) to complete interruptions in a text, (2)
      to compose sentences from a sample of words written on cards and (3) to associate
      word cards to certain concepts. Besides the correct words, so-called irrelevant
      words were given as distracting stimuli. The inferior performance of the acute
      paranoid hallucinating subjects is interpreted in the sense of disturbance of
      cognitive selective functions. It is assumed that the central nervous inhibition
      of irrelevant stimuli fails to work successfully in certain groups of
      schizophrenics.

PMID- 1217979
TI  - [Presynaptic dendrites and dendro-dendritic synapses in the superior tubercles of
      the rat quadrigeminum].
AB  - The types of dendro-dendritic synapses and their participation in the synaptic,
      organization of superficial layers of the quadrigeminum superior tubercles were
      studied electron microscopically. In addition to simple forms of dendro-dentritic
      synapses the reciprocal dendro-dendritic synapses were revealed. Presynaptic
      dendrites formed the synaptic fields and glomerules of the superficial grey
      layer. The terminals of optical, cortical fibres from the visual cortex and other
      types of terminals terminated on presynaptic dendrites.

PMID- 1217980
TI  - [Spatial interrelationships between the elements of the interneuronal synapses of
      cat cerebellar nuclei (electron microscopic studies of serial sections)].

PMID- 1217981
TI  - [Formation and interrelationship of the activity of several dehydrogenases during
      rat development].
AB  - The specific and general enzymic activity of some dehydrogenases of the liver,
      kidneys, heart, thymus and spleen was studied on rats in early postnatal period.
      Some regularities of the development of enzymes under study were established:
      ergontic correlations of the "maturing" enzymic organ systems and the
      coordination of the enzymic status of organs and the lymphocytes circulating in
      the blood. It may be supposed that the lymphocyte is a carrier of information
      about formation of metabolic processes of the developing organism. The mechanisms
      of appearance of coordination of the enzymic activity are discussed.

PMID- 1217983
TI  - [Intraosseous veins of the maxilla in the newborn].
AB  - The intraosseous veins of the maxilla in newborns grow larger with enlargement of
      the bone and become disposed in three mutually perpendicular planes. The venous
      plexus of the alveolar process is large. V. v. vallares are thin and interlace
      forming a network. The veins of interdental septum are well pronounced. The thick
      venous network of the periosteum and the mucous membrane of the nasal surface of
      the palatine process includes the vessels transversal and longitudinal to the
      nasal septum. The venous loops of the incisor part are of triangular, pentagonal
      and polygonal shape. The veins of the palatine process are connected with 3-4
      large vessels falling into the vessels of the tear duct. The transversal and
      oblique veins of the oral surface of the palatine process are connected with
      large vessels disposed in parallel to the medial structure of the hard palate.
      The venous network of the incisor part of the bone is restricted by densified
      small arc-shaped plexuses. Two-three largest veins lie sagittally and, connected
      by arc-shaped anastomoses, are tributaries of the vessels of the palate bone,
      soft palate and pharynx.

PMID- 1217984
TI  - [Stereoroentgenoscopy and stereoroentgenogrammetry in studying the topographic
      anatomy of the vascular system].

PMID- 1217982
TI  - [X-ray anatomy of the abdominal aorta and its branches according to angiographic
      findings in living subjects].
AB  - 1. In the direct aortogram the shade of the abdominal aorta is projected into the
      left half of the vertebrum bodies from Th - 12 to L - 4. 2. The length of the
      abdominal aorta changes with age from 172,1 mm (in the age up to 40 years) to
      203,7 mm (in 71-75 years) independent of the sex and is equal to 177,1-2,8 mm
      (sigma=21,8 mm). 3. The caliber of the abdominal aorta becomes narrower in the
      caudal direction, being most narrow between levels Th - 12, L - 1, and L - 2.
      Independent of the sex, the aorta caliber increases with age at the level of all
      lumbar vertebra. The difference in the caliber between cranial and caudal parts
      of the aorta increases with age from 6,7 mm (in the age of 40) up to 11,7 mm (in
      the age of 60-70). Mean values of the caliber at the level Th - 11 are equal to
      26,9-0,8 mm (sigma=5,33 mm) and at the level L - 4 are equal to 18,9-0,3 mm
      (sigma = 2,9 mm). 4. The course of the abdominal aorta is directed downwards and
      to the middle. With age the aorta makes an arc-shaped bend to the left first at
      the level Th - 12, then L - 1, and in senile age at the level L - 2. 5.
      Independent of age and sex of examined persons the skeletotopical zones of
      orifices of the main visceral and paramural arteries were established which can
      significantly facilitate their selective angiography.

PMID- 1217985
TI  - [The sterologic method of determining the surface area of the mammalian
      neocortex].
AB  - A method for calculation of the square surface area of the cerebral cortex is
      proposed which represents a combination of the method of averaged reconstruction
      after a continuous series of histological sections and the stereological method
      of determination of the length of any curve disposed on the surface. A
      comparative analysis of the proposed method with curvometrical and stereological
      (after Hennig's formula) method used earlier for this purpose is made taking as
      an example the calculation of the neocortex square surface area of some mammals.
      The results of calculation of the surface by the proposed method were found to
      coincide with curvometrical data within the range of 5% while the data obtained
      by stereological method of determination of the absolute square surface area
      differ from curvometrical data by more than 22%. The proposed method is very
      convenient and allows considerable acceleration in obtaining results.

PMID- 1217986
TI  - A comprehensive statewide approach to the sick doctor.

PMID- 1217987
TI  - Sexuality and the retarded.

PMID- 1217988
TI  - ARMP--the summation.

PMID- 1217989
TI  - Education for drug abuse and alcoholism.

PMID- 1217990
TI  - Current concepts in the management of ovarian carcinoma.

PMID- 1217991
TI  - Fetal monitoring--why bother?

PMID- 1217993
TI  - Certificate of need program for health care institutions.

PMID- 1217992
TI  - Hyponatremia: a syndrome of multiple etiologies.

PMID- 1217994
TI  - Radiology case of the month. Case number 5.

PMID- 1217995
TI  - The threat of national health insurance to preventive programs.

PMID- 1217996
TI  - [Heart biopsy].

PMID- 1217997
TI  - [Implantation of a permanent artificial pacemaker in patients with sinus node
      disease].

PMID- 1217998
TI  - [Time constant of the instruments for the mechanographic recording of pulse].

PMID- 1217999
TI  - Total exchangeable and red cell potassium in patients with chronic renal failure.

PMID- 1218000
TI  - [Myocardial revascularization in acute myocardial insufficiency. Experimental
      studies in dogs].

PMID- 1218001
TI  - [Electrocardiographic changes in acute poisoning by tricyclic drugs].

PMID- 1218002
TI  - [Dissecting aneurysm involving the coronary artery and the aortic valve].

PMID- 1218003
TI  - [Editorial: Rehabilitation of the coronary patient].

PMID- 1218004
TI  - [Chronotropic effects of angiotensin II infusion in anesthetized dogs].

PMID- 1218005
TI  - Coronary artery-left Ventricle microshunts. A new technique for its evaluation.

PMID- 1218006
TI  - [Possible errors in cycloergometric evaluations and their correction].

PMID- 1218007
TI  - [Reduction of acute myocardial ischemia with verapamil. Evaluation by epicardial
      mapping].

PMID- 1218008
TI  - [Global cineangiographic study of diffuse arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1218009
TI  - [Coronary artery spasm].

PMID- 1218010
TI  - [A possibility of an anterior internodal block due to occult retrograde
      conduction in atrio-ventricular dissociation].

PMID- 1218012
TI  - [Therapeutical and electrophysiological bases of heart diarrythmias associated
      with metabolic disorders in intensive care units].

PMID- 1218011
TI  - Extra-anticoagulant effects of oral anticoagulants.

PMID- 1218013
TI  - [Evaluation of pulmonary vascular resistance in surgical selection of patients
      with intracardial arteriovenous shunts].

PMID- 1218014
TI  - [The properties required of bioceramics for artificial joints (author's transl)].
AB  - Tests of hip joint simulator proove the outstanding friction--and wear-behaviour
      of high density high purity allumina ceramics, being well known for many years
      from the field of engineering. According to a comparison of the characteristical
      physical properties of these special oxide ceramics with the requirements of
      materials for artificial joints, it is to be expected that wear components being
      made of high density alumina ceramics will show a very good behaviour in long
      time runs. This paper will also discuss the problems of body compatability
      breifly, which have been solved so far already.

PMID- 1218016
TI  - [Primary osteoma of the patella: a case report (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. The literature concerning tumours of the patella is briefly reviewed. 2. A
      case of primary osteoma of the patella is reported. 3. Though a malignant tumour
      was excluded by roentgenology, age of the patient and localisation, a firm
      diagnosis could not be made before excision and histological examination of the
      enucleated tumour. 4. Some considerations concerning the origin of osteomas from
      the pathological point of view have been made.

PMID- 1218015
TI  - [Electromyographic examinations of the gluteal and adductor muscles after
      arthrodesis of the hip (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is offered in the present work concerning electromyographic tests of the
      gluteal and adductor muscles in 10 patients suffering from hip arthrodesis, who
      have experienced stiffening of the hip from 3 to 12 years. Here it has been shown
      that even years consequent to a completed hip stiffening operation on the
      monarticular muscles of the hip joint a degree of innervation is to be
      demonstrated both in standing as well as in going that corresponds to the normal.
      The electromyographic test of the homolateral monoarticular muscles of the hip
      joint is a very good aid for the indication situation regarding a remobilisation
      operation after hip arthrodesis, while what has been asserted as a result of this
      concerning the standing leg question is only to be considered with reservation,
      allowing a definite statement to this problem only in particular cases.

PMID- 1218017
TI  - [Acute occlusion of the iliac arteries after replacement of a total hip (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Two cases of acute occlusion of the external iliac arteries were observed
      following operative replacement of total hip protheses. They were treated by clot
      removal. The cause for the acute arterial obstruction presumably are tears of the
      intima with subsequent thrombosis as well as mobilisation of arteriosclerotic
      intima-plaques, initiated by traction on the femoral and external iliac arteries
      which are adherent to their cicatrized perivascular tissues.

PMID- 1218019
TI  - [Two-stage reposition and fixation of spondyloptosis with Harrington
      instrumentation and anterior intercorporal spondylodesis (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of 3 cases of true spondyloptosis, a two-step operation for
      repositioning and stabilisation using Harrington's instrumentation with anterior
      intercorporeal spine fusion is recommended. The first operation involves
      repositioning with the help of Harrington's rod through a dorsal approach.
      Approximately 2 weeks later, the distraction is increased by tightening the rod
      again. Reposition is then completed through an anterior transabdominal approach
      and an intercorporeal lumbar sacral fusion performed.

PMID- 1218018
TI  - The neurological risk of Harrington procedures (author's transl).
AB  - 250 corrective operations using the Harrington implants have been performed. 160
      served as a basis for the evaluation of the neurological risks, particulary the
      risks of spinal cord lesions. The intra- and postoperative damage has been
      analyzed. The results and therapeutic conclusions are recorded.

PMID- 1218020
TI  - [Bending and rotational stresses of osteosyntheses on the humerus and forearm in
      early mobilisation (author's transl)].
AB  - Bending and torsion strain are calculated in biomechanical analysis. They allow
      to be used as reliable standard whether or not a definite kind of osteosynthesis
      is stable or will have to be denied as unstable.

PMID- 1218021
TI  - [Distribution of the isoenzym lactatdehydrogenase in human cartilage (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The analysis of the lactatdehydrogenase (LDH)-isoenzym patterns in normal human
      cartilage will be of valuable help in the interpretation of enzymological data in
      cases of pathological joint changes. It may allow conclusions about the situation
      of the metabolism in a joint according to the particular circumstances. As so far
      no representative investigations into normal human cartilage have become known,
      the attempt has been made in this paper to evaluate the LDH-isoenzym pattern in
      normal cartilage. The result indicates that in normal human joint cartilage the
      LDH-5 dominates with an average of 75.3%, whereas the LDH-4 (21.7%) and the LDH-3
      (3.2%) are considerably lower. Thus the result fits well into the joint cartilage
      data which have been published so far.

PMID- 1218022
TI  - [Stenosis of the spinal canal after spondylodesis (iatrogenic stenosis of the
      spinal canal) (author's transl)].
AB  - Authors experience based on 15 cases of iatrogenic stenosis of spinal canal in
      thoracic and lumbar region. The stenosis was the sequelae of spondylodesis made
      for spinal tuberculosis, spondylolisthesis traumatic and idiopathic, spinal
      fractures and assimilation faults. The onset of signs of stenosis appeared from 1
      to 7 years after the first operation. The treatment was operative in 8 cases,
      conservative in 7. The first gave the best results. Observation time was up to 14
      years after the second operation.

PMID- 1218023
TI  - Phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation and histologic findings in
      patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis before and during immunosuppressive
      therapy.
AB  - In vitro lymphocyte transformation (14C-thymidine incorporation rate following
      stimulation by PHA) was studied in 19 patients with histologically proven chronic
      aggressive hepatitis. In the majority of the cases measurements were performed
      prior to and during a combined (azathioprine/corticosteroid) immunosuppressive
      therapy. In comparison to normal controls, the majority of the patients showed a
      significantly reduced lymphocyte transformation before the treatment started.
      During the immunosuppressive therapy there was a normalization of PHA
      responsiveness in most of the patients, or an improvement, at least. Bioptic
      control seems to be the most reliable parameter to prove a therapeutic effect,
      since the histologic criteria for a decrease of the inflammatory activity were
      the last to occur. After transient cessation of the therapy, in 4 out of 6 cases
      a decrease of lymphocytic PHA-responsiveness was developed again, paralleled by
      histologic activation of the process where biopsy could be performed. This
      observation favours a long-term therapy for at least several years.

PMID- 1218024
TI  - Podocytes of rat kidneys with nephrotoxic serum nephritis. A combined
      transmission and scanning electron microscopic study.
AB  - Rats with a nephrotoxic serum nephritis reveal changes of proteinuria and content
      of serum proteins as well as serum cholesterol in the direction of a nephrotic
      syndrome as is seen after Daunomycin. Nevertheless, the morphological findings
      with TEM and especially with SEM are quite different. A striking feature of the
      nephritis is the rather good preservation of cell processes through all the time
      of experiment in spite of the elevated proteinuria. Moreover, podocytes with
      furrowed or ribbed surfaces originate and are most numerous when the signs of
      inflammation are most pronounced. These furrowed podocytes are interpreted as
      representing a special reactive, perhaps mobilized form. With SEM it is evident
      that the glomeruli are altered focally and segmentally in the nephrotoxic serum
      nephritis.

PMID- 1218026
TI  - [III. Expert testimony problems in orthopedics. A. General information expert
      testimony. Malpractice lesions].

PMID- 1218027
TI  - [Significance of orthopedic expert testimony in medical expert testimony --
      analytical views based on materials of the District Department for Medical Expert
      Testimony in Leipzig - city].

PMID- 1218025
TI  - Fine structural alterations of muscle fibers in diseases accompanied by myotonia.
AB  - The authors have reported the results of examination by electron microscopy of
      two muscle biopsy specimens from cases of myotonia congenita and three cases of
      myotonia dystrophica. They have stated that "peripheral annular formation" was a
      frequently observed alteration in the myotonia congenita cases. In the myotonia
      dystrophica cases there were additionally disorganized myofibrils in the
      subsarcolemmal region and inclusion body vacuoles morphologically connected with
      the sarcolemma. The term "peripheral annular formation" refers to the situation
      in which the peripheral myofibrils of the muscle fiber fracture and the fragments
      retract and form a helical sheath around the central myofibrils of the same
      muscle fiber.

PMID- 1218028
TI  - [Orthopedic expert testimony in grievance procedures].

PMID- 1218029
TI  - [B. Expert testimony on work capacity. Problem of work capacity and its
      rehabilitation following injuries and diseases of the hip joint].

PMID- 1218030
TI  - [Loss of earnings in coxarthrosis].

PMID- 1218031
TI  - [Problems in the inclusion of orthopedically evaluated patients into the working
      process in an agricultural region].

PMID- 1218033
TI  - [Sequelae of unsatisfactory treated athletic injuries of the ankle joint].

PMID- 1218032
TI  - [Lesions following conservative treatment of fractures of the ankle joint].

PMID- 1218034
TI  - [Results of ligament-substitution in the ankle joint].

PMID- 1218035
TI  - [Technic of talocrural arthrodesis in post-traumatic ankle joint arthroses].

PMID- 1218036
TI  - [Experiences with talocrural arthrodesis of the injuried ankle joint].

PMID- 1218037
TI  - [Talonavicular arthrosis in the accident-injured foot].

PMID- 1218039
TI  - [Post-traumatic growth abnormalities of the ankle joint in children and
      adolescents].

PMID- 1218038
TI  - [Foot injuries in the growing skeleton].

PMID- 1218040
TI  - [Results in the treatment of post-traumatic growth abnormalities of the foot in
      children and adolescents].

PMID- 1218041
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of the tibialis-anterior syndrome].

PMID- 1218042
TI  - [Fate of calcaneal-fractures].

PMID- 1218043
TI  - [Procurement of special shoes following fractures of the calcaneus].

PMID- 1218044
TI  - [Pros and contras of talectomy or arthrodesis of the talus in severe talus
      fractures].

PMID- 1218045
TI  - [E. Related problems in occupational diseases and accident (continuation).
      Problems of expert testimony in occupational diseases OD 22].

PMID- 1218046
TI  - [Recognition of Dupuytren's contracture as an occupational disease].

PMID- 1218047
TI  - [Aseptic necrosis of the sesamoid bone in the big toe--occupationally induced?].

PMID- 1218048
TI  - [Recognition of nucleus pulposus hernia as an accident sequela].

PMID- 1218049
TI  - [Experiences in the expert evaluation of nucleus pulposus prolapse].

PMID- 1218050
TI  - [Expert evaluation of operated intervertebral disk lesions].

PMID- 1218051
TI  - [Expert testimony on spinal injuries].

PMID- 1218052
TI  - [Sources of errors in the expert testimony on sinal injuries].

PMID- 1218053
TI  - [Case contribution on the problem of relationship between accident and tumor
      development].

PMID- 1218054
TI  - [Expert testimony problems in fractures of Paget's-bone].

PMID- 1218055
TI  - [Pathogenesis of spondylolisthesis with reference to expert evaluation].

PMID- 1218056
TI  - [Expert testimony on accidents in Scheuermann's disease].

PMID- 1218057
TI  - [Anatomical analysis of changes in congenital clubfoot and in its
      pseudocorrections as a contribution to the choice of method for surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 1218058
TI  - [Various pecularities of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions in childhood].

PMID- 1218059
TI  - [Surgical treatment of gonarthrosis as based on biomechanical view points].

PMID- 1218060
TI  - [Electric wheelchairs--indication and technical possibilities].

PMID- 1218061
TI  - [Conservative treatment of fixed juvenile thoracic kyphoses].

PMID- 1218062
TI  - [Significance and validity of routine laboratory parameters and special
      examination procedures in the diagnosis of skeletal diseases].

PMID- 1218063
TI  - [Fat embolism in orthopedics].

PMID- 1218064
TI  - [Experience with ambulatory orthopedic consultation activity in maternal-welfare
      centers].

PMID- 1218065
TI  - [Surgical treatment of static pes planus transversus and hallus valgus].

PMID- 1218066
TI  - [Prognostic value of venography in fresh femoral neck fractures as based on 200
      late-after-examination cases].

PMID- 1218067
TI  - [Management of scalping injuries].

PMID- 1218068
TI  - [Results in the surgical treatment of scoliosis using Matzen's method].

PMID- 1218069
TI  - [Prevention of infection in the total endoprosthesis of the hip joint--studies on
      the effectiveness of antibiotic additives to polymethylmethacrylate (Palacos)].

PMID- 1218070
TI  - [Experiences and results with total hip-joint endoprostheses].

PMID- 1218071
TI  - [Conservative treatment of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in childhood].

PMID- 1218072
TI  - The effect of 2,4-D and Dicamba on the growth and yield of garden broad bean
      (Vicia faba L. var. major).
AB  - Two experiments were conducted in Egypt to investigate the effect of sublethal
      concentrations of 2,4-D and Dicamba on the growth and yield of garden broad bean.
      It was found that 1. as compared to the effects of Dicamba, 2,4-D had a better
      stimulating effect on the growth characters, the yield, and the yield components
      of the beans 2. the application at the flowering stage was superior to the
      earlier application in every respect 3. the optimum rate of 2,4-D and Dicamba
      that gave the highest increase of the growth, yield, and yield components was 2-5
      ppm.

PMID- 1218073
TI  - Preliminary study on using fermented skim milk in poultry rations.
AB  - 80 (4 X 20) four-month-old cockerels were fed the following rations for six
      weeks: Group 1 = corn and green berseem, group 2 = corn, green berseem, and skim
      milk, groups 3 and 4 = corn, green berseem, and fermented skim milk. Feeding was
      ad libitum in groups 1 to 3, and 80% of the group 3 standard in group 4. The live
      weight increased in all groups during the experimental period. In group 4 it was
      higher at the end of the experiment than that of groups 1 to 3. But the
      difference was statistically not significant. The amount of starch units required
      per unit of live weight increase during the experimental period was 9.76 (group
      1) 11.00 (group 2), 10.72 (group 3), and 9.66 (group 4). The visceral fat weights
      were higher in groups 2 and 3 (not significant). 40 (2 x 20) four-week-old
      ducklings were fed a commercial ration (group 5) or 65% of this ration
      supplemented with 35 ml of fermented skim milk (group 6). There were no
      significant differences in the live weight gains. The amount of starch units
      required per unit of live weight increase was 2.89 (group 5) and 3.61 (group 6).

PMID- 1218074
TI  - Trypsin-activated complex of human factor B with cobra venom factor (CVF),
      cleaving C3 and C5 and generating a lytic factor for unsensitized guinea pig
      erythrocytes. I. Generation of the activated complex.
AB  - A complex formed between cobra venom factor (CVF) and isolated human factor B (B)
      was found to be converted by trypsin to a stable enzyme, CVF-B which cleaved the
      third component (C3) and the fifth component (C5) of human complement. The
      formation of CVF-B by trypsin required divalent cations, whereas the formation of
      the lytic factor from human serum occurred even in the presence of EDTA. CVF-B
      purified by gel filtration could initiate the hemolysis of unsensitized guinea
      pig erythrocytes when incubated with human complement components C5 to C9 in 0.01
      M EDTA buffer. C3 was not required for the lysis of guinea pig erythrocytes
      initiated by CVF-B because of the beta1C precipitation line formed between human
      serum and anti-beta1C antibody did not inhibit the hemolysis by CVF-B in agarose
      gel. Treatment of beta1C and beta1F globulins in whole human serum with CVF-B in
      the presence of 0.01 M EDTA converted them to components with higher mobilities
      on immunoelectrophoresis.

PMID- 1218075
TI  - Trypsin-activated complex of human factor B with cobra venom factor (CVF),
      cleaving C3 and C5 and generating a lytic factor for unsensitized guinea pig
      erythrocytes. II. Physico-chemical characterization of the activated complex.
AB  - A complex, CVF-B, between cobra venom factor (CVF) and human factor B(B) showed
      weak, short-lived enzymatic activity against the third component of human
      complement (C3). Once activated with trypsin, it showed strong, stable activity
      against C3 and C5. CVF-B, an activated form of CVF-B complex, was not affected by
      the trypsin inhibitor, diisopropylfluorophosphate and neuraminidase. Heating at
      56 C for 30 min completely destroyed its activity and heating at 50 C for 30 min
      destroyed approximately half its activity. The activity of DVF-B decrease
      markedly at pH 6.0 but was stable at pH 6.5 to 8.5. CVF-B lost 90% of its
      activity on reduction with 1 mM dithiothreitol, and was completely adsorbed on a
      cellulose acetate membrane. CVF-B was found to be a complex of CVF and glycine
      rich gamma-glycoprotein, with a molecular weight of 340,000. The CVF-B molecule
      consisted of 4-polypeptide chains, 3 of which were derived from CVF and one from
      GGG. Hemolytically active CVF-B may be formed from 2 molecules with four
      polypeptide chains linked by unknown bonds. Human, rat and guinea pig sera could
      react with CVF-B to generate a lytic factor. Human and sheep erythrocytes were
      not sensitive to the lytic factor generated by CVF-B, whereas liposomes prepared
      from their membrane lipids were equally sensitive to the lytic factor.

PMID- 1218076
TI  - Initial products in utilization of sucrose by Actinomyces viscosus.

PMID- 1218077
TI  - Lower production of circulating interferon in congenitally athymic (nude) mice
      induced by intravenous administration of Newcastle disease virus.

PMID- 1218079
TI  - The preparation of a semisynthetic tritiated insulin with a specific
      radioactivity of up to 20 Curies per millimole.
AB  - 1. This paper describes the semisynthesis of [3H]insulin of high specific
      radioactivity which is indistinguishable from native insulin in its hypoglycaemic
      activity towards mice. 2. The maximum specific radioactivity so far obtained is
      20 Ci/mmol. At this value the recommended scale of preparation is between 1 mCi
      (30 mug of product) and 10mCi (300 mug of product). Reaction volumes are then of
      the order of 10 mul. 3. Special problems arise when the techniques of peptide
      synthesis are applied to the production of such small quantities of material. We
      describe these problems and discuss the means of overcoming them.

PMID- 1218078
TI  - The amino acid sequence of Staphylococcus aureus penicillinase.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of the penicillinase (penicillin amido-beta
      lactamhydrolase, EC 3.5.2.6) from Staphylococcus aureus strain PC1 was
      determined. The protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of 257 residues,
      and the sequence was determined by characterization of tryptic, chymotryptic,
      peptic and CNBr peptides, with some additional evidence from thermolysin and S.
      aureus proteinase peptides. A mistake in the preliminary report of the sequence
      is corrected; residues 113-116 are now thought to be -Lys-Lys-Val-Lys- rather
      than -Lys-Val-Lys-Lys-. Detailed evidence for the amino acid sequence has been
      deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50056 (91 pages) at the British
      Library (Lending Division), Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K.,
      from whom copies may be obtained on the terms given in Biochem. J. (1975) 145, 5.

PMID- 1218080
TI  - Role of apurinic sites in the resistance of methylated oligodeoxyribonucleotides
      to degradation by spleen exonuclease.
AB  - The effect of introducing methyl groups into DNA substrates was studied by using
      the spleen exonuclease (EC 3.1.4.1), an enzyme which hydrolyses oligonucleotides
      in a sequential manner by splitting off 3'-phosphomononucleotides starting from
      the 5'-hydroxyl terminus. Analyses of oligodeoxyribonucleotide 3'-phosphate
      substrates after reaction in vitro with dimethyl sulphate demonstrated that the
      resultant methylation pattern differed from the previously found for native DNA,
      particularly with respect to the relative amounts of 1- and 3-methyladenine
      produced. Although after treatment with increasing amounts of dimethyl sulphate
      the substrate became progressively resistant to degradation by the exonuclease,
      the methylation products themselves were only partially responsible for the
      observed inhibition of enzyme activity. The incomplete degradation encountered
      was apparently due to the presence of apurinic sites, which arose as secondary
      lesions after the spontaneous release of the labile alkyl purines from the
      methylated substrate. Inhibition of enzyme activity appeared to be competitive,
      being characterized by constant values for apparent Vmax, and increased values
      for apparent Km. the interpretation of this, however, is complicated by the
      complex nature of the substrate, and these aspects are considered in some detail.

PMID- 1218081
TI  - Factorization of the Michaelis functions.
AB  - Each Michaelis function that expresses the concentration of one of the species
      AL2, AL and A in terms of the concentration of free ligand (or its logarithm) is
      the product of two functions each of which represents the degree of ligation or
      de-ligation of a single site. These hypothetical sites have pK values of pK (SEE
      ARTICLE) where pK and alpha are defined by writing the two molecular pK values as
      pK +/- log2alpha. The factors are thus real if alpha larger than or equal to 1,
      i.e. if the binding of L by A is not positively co-operative. The dependence of
      [AL] on 1n[L] is compared with relations that represent other ligand-dependent
      equilibria.

PMID- 1218082
TI  - Affinity-chromatography purification of alkaline phosphatase from calf intestine.
AB  - A crude preparation of alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) from calf intestinal
      mucosa was purified by affinity chromatography on Sepharose-bound derivatives of
      arsanilic acid, which was found to be a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme.
      Three biospecific adsorbents were prepared for the chromatography, and the best
      results were obtained with a tyraminyl-Sepharose derivative coupled with the
      diazonium salt derived from 4-(p-aminophenylazo)phenylarsonic acid. Alkaline
      phosphatase was the only enzyme retained by the affinity column in the absence of
      Pi. The enzyme eluted by phosphate buffer had a specific activity of about 1200
      units per mg of protein at pH 10.0, with 5.5mM-p-nitrophenyl phosphate as the
      substrate.

PMID- 1218083
TI  - The nature of experimental error in enzyme kinetic measurments.
AB  - The nature of experimental error in the determination of initial velocities of
      enzyme-catalysed reactions was investigated. No support was found for the
      generalization that such velocities should be homogeneous in variance. Instead
      the variance increased with the velocity in all of the cases studied. The
      weighting of sets of replicate observations according to their sample variances
      was tested in simulated experiments and found to give unacceptable results. It
      was practicable to decide on the best weighting scheme by examining the
      variability of the deviations from fitted curves, provided that the number of
      observations was large enough.

PMID- 1218084
TI  - A membrane-associated lipomannan in micrococci.
AB  - Membranes of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Micrococcus flavus and Micrococcus
      sodonensis contain acidic lipomannans. Lipoteichoic acids could not be detected
      in these organisms, and the suggestion that they are substituted for by the
      lipomannans is strengthened by the chemical and physical resemblances between the
      two polymers. The mannans contain glycerol, ester-linked fatty acids and mono
      esterified succinic acid residues, giving them both hydrophobic and charged
      properties. The M. lysodeikticus mannan has a chain of about 60 hexose units with
      two branch points, and is joined at its reducing end to the 1-position of a
      glycerol moiety bearing two fatty acid residues. Succinic acid on the mannan
      enables it to bind Mg2+ efficiently, and the polymer is firmly associated with
      the cytoplasmic membrane, probably by intercalation of its fatty acids with those
      of the membrane lipids.

PMID- 1218085
TI  - Purification and characterization of kynurenine--2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
      from the liver, brain and small intestine of rats.
AB  - 1. Kynurenine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (isoenzyme 1) was purified to
      homogeneity from the liver, brain and small intestine of rats by the same
      procedure. The three enzyme preparations had nearly identical pH optima,
      substrate specificities and molecular weights. Isoenzyme 1 was active with 2
      oxoglutarate but not with pyruvate as amino acceptor, and utilized a wide range
      of amino acids as amino donors. Amino acids were effective in the following order
      to activity: L-aspartate greater than L-tyrosine greater than L-phenylalanine
      greater than L-tryptophan greater than 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan greater than L
      kynurenine. The molecular weight was approximately 88 000 as determined by
      sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation. The pH optimum was between 8.0 and 8.5.
      On the basis of substrate specificity, substrate inhibition, subcellular
      distribution and polyacrylamide-disc-gel electrophoresis, it is suggested that
      liver, brain and small intestinal kynurenine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
      (isoenzyme 1) is identical with mitochondrial tyrosine-2-oxoglutarate
      aminotransferase and also with mitochondrial aspartate-2-oxoglutarate
      aminotransferase. 2. An additional kynurenine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
      (isoenzyme 2) was purified from the liver. This enzyme was specific for 2
      oxoglutarate and L-kynurenine. Sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation gave a
      molecular weight of approximately 100 000. The pH optimum was between 6.0 and
      6.5. This enzyme was not detected in the brain or small intestine.

PMID- 1218086
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of colchicine.
AB  - Antibodies to cholchicine were raised in rabbits after injection of N
      desacetylthiocolchicine conjugated to bovine serum albumin. Antisera diluted
      1:100 bound 50% of 1.6ng of [3H]colchicine. Cross-reaction of the antisera with
      colchicine derivatives and other drugs was measured and a radioimmunoassay of
      colchicine in biological fluids was proposed.

PMID- 1218087
TI  - Heavy metal-pyrimidine nucleotide interaction: x-ray structure of a cadmium
      derivative of cytidine 5'-monophosphate.
AB  - An X-ray crystal-structure determination has shown that the compound [Cd(5'
      CMP)(H2O)],H2O has a polymeric structure in which each cadmium atom is bonded to
      five atoms: to the N(3) position on the base, to a phosphate oxygen from each of
      three other 5'-CMP groups and to a water molecule.

PMID- 1218089
TI  - Characterization by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton
      magnetic-resonance spectroscopy of pertrimethylsilyl methyl glycosides obtained
      in the methanolysis of glycoproteins and glycopeptides.
AB  - The quantitative analysis by gas chromatography of monosaccharides present in
      glycoproteins and glycopeptides using methanolysis, followed by re-N-acetylation
      and trimethylsilylation, gives rise to several peaks for each monosaccharide. The
      identity of these peaks for xylose, fucose, mannose, galactose, glucose, N
      acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid was
      established for alpha- and beta-methyl pyranosides and furanosides by combined
      g.l.c.-mass spectrometry and proton-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. These data
      provide for the unambiguous interpretation of the gas chromatograms obtained in
      the application of this g.l.c. method, and supply basic information for the
      further application of mass spectrometry in this field.

PMID- 1218088
TI  - The copolymeric structure of dermatan sulphate produced by cultured human
      fibroblasts. Different distribution of iduronic acid and glucuronic acid
      containing units in soluble and cell-associated glycans.
AB  - The structure of dermatan [35S]sulphate-chondroitin [35S]sulphate copolymers
      synthesized and secreted by fibroblasts in culture was studied. 35S-labelled
      glycosaminoglycans were isolated from the medium, a trypsin digest of the cells
      and the cell residue after 72h of 35SO42-incorporation. The galactosaminoglycan
      component (dermatan sulphatechondroitin sulphate copolymers) was isolated and
      subjected to various degradation procedures including digestion with testicular
      hyaluronidase, chondroitinase-AC and-ABC and periodate oxidation followed by
      alkaline elimination. The galactosaminoglycans from the various sources displayed
      significant structural differences with regard to the distribution of various
      repeating units, i.e. IdUA-GalNAc-SO4 (L-iduronic acid-N-acetyl-galactosamine
      sulphate), GlcUA-GalNAc-SO4 (D-glucuronic acid-N-acetylgalactosamine-sulphate)
      and IdUA(-SO4)-GalNAc (L-iduronosulphate-N-acetylgalactosamine). The
      galactosaminoglycans of the cell residue contained larger amounts of IdUA-GalNAc
      SO4 than did those isolated from the medium or those released by trypsin. In
      contrast, the glycans from the latter 2 sources contained large proportions of
      periodate-resistant repeat periods [GlcUA-GalNAc-SO4 and IdUA(-SO4)-GalNAc].
      Periods containing L-iduronic acid sulphate were particularly prominent in
      copolymers found in the medium. Kinetic studies indicated that the 35S-labelled
      glycosaminoglycan of the cell residue accumulated radioactivity more slowly than
      did the glycans of other fractions, indicating that the material remaining with
      the cells was not exclusively a precursor of the secreted polymers. The presence
      of copolymers rich in glucuronic acid or iduronic acid sulphate residues in the
      soluble fractions may be the result of selective secretion from the cells.
      Alternatively, extracellular, polymer-level modifications such as C-5 inversion
      of L-iduronic acid to D-glucuronic acid, or sulphate rearrangements, would yield
      similar results.

PMID- 1218091
TI  - Intramolecular electron transport in human ferroxidase (caeruloplasmin).
AB  - The oxidation of reduced human ferroxidase by molecular O2 was studied in a
      stopped-flow spectrophotometer. It was shown that the two type 1 copper atoms
      behave differently in the absence of iron. The effect of iron on the kinetic
      parameters was investiagted. A working model for intramolecular electron
      transport in the enzyme is proposed.

PMID- 1218090
TI  - Effects of polyamines and methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) on hepatic nuclear
      structure and deoxyribonucleic acid template activity.
AB  - 1. The interaction of polyamines and methylglyoxal bis(guanythydrazone) (1, 1'
      [(methylethanediylidene)-dinitrilo]diguanidine) with isolated rat liver nuclei
      was investigated by electron microscopy. 2. At 4mM, putrescine was without
      effect; however, spermidine, spermine or methylglyoxal bis(guanythydrazone)
      resulted in dispersed chromatin and alterations in nucleolar structure. In
      addition, spermidine or methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) caused marked
      aggregation of interchromatin granules. 3. The DNA template property of calf
      thymus DNA was examined by using DNA polymerases from Escherichia coli,
      Micrococcus lysodeikticus and calf thymus in the presence of 0-5 mM-amine. 4. In
      the presence of DNA polymerase, spermine or methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone)
      inhibited activity, whereas putrescine or spermidine had much less effect or in
      some cases stimulated [3H]dTMP incorporation. 5. Template activity which was
      inhibited by spermine or methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) could be partially
      restored by additional DNA or enzyme. 6. When mixed with calf thymus DNA, calf
      thymus histone inhibited template activity as measured with E. coli DNA
      polymerase. The template activity of such a 'histone-nucleate' could not be
      restored by putrescine, spermidine, spermine or methylglyoxal
      bis(guanylhydrazone). 7. DNA template activity of isolated rat liver nuclei was
      tested by using E. coli DNA polymerase. None of the amines was able to increase
      the template activity of the nuclear DNA in vitro.

PMID- 1218092
TI  - A micro-method for the assay of polyadenylate-containing ribonucleic acid by gel
      electrophoresis.
AB  - A micro-method for the determination of the electrophoretic profile of the
      various poly(A)-containing RNA species in a RNA sample was developed. The method
      is simple to carry out and allows for great reproducibility. It combines the
      resolving power of electrophoresis in agarose with the specificity of binding of
      poly(A) to poly(U)-containing glass-fibre filters. It consists of the following
      steps. (1) The molecules in an RNA sample are first separated according to their
      molecular weight by electrophoresis in agarose, at low ionic strength. 2. The
      molecules thus seperated are then submitted to a second electrophoresis in
      'binding buffer' in a direction perpendicular to the first one. In the course of
      this electrophoresis the poly(A)-containing RNA species are seperated from other
      RNA species as they bind to a poly(U)-containing glass-fibre filter which is
      placed across the electrophoresis path. The method was used to determine the
      electrophoretic profile of Rhynchosciara salivary-gland messenger RNA. It was
      found that the population of messenger RNA in the gland is dominated by forms
      moving as 18 and 158 S peaks, but there is also polydisperse RNA with slower
      mobility.

PMID- 1218093
TI  - Isolation and properties of a fragment of human serum albumin demonstrating the
      absence of a methionine residue from some of the albumin molecules.
AB  - 1. A fragment designated D was isolated from human serum albumin degraded by
      CNBr. Its properties show that it is made up of the B and C fragments isolated by
      McMenamy et al. (1971) (J. Biol. Chem., 246, 4744-4750). 2. Reduction of fragment
      D gives rise to two chains, one of which consists of the second subfragment of
      reduced fragment B linked to fragment C by an amino acid different from
      methionine. It thus demonstrates the existence of albumin molecules from which
      the second methionine residue located between fragments B and C is missing.

PMID- 1218094
TI  - Influence of alanyl ester residues on the binding of magnesium ions to teichoic
      acids.
AB  - The binding of Mg2+ to the ribitol teichoic acid of Staphylococcus aureus H walls
      was examined by equilibrium dialysis in solution and in the intact wall; the
      influence of alanyl ester groups on binding was determined. In solution the
      ribitol polymer had a lower affinity than did a glycerol teichoic acid and bound
      Mg2+ in the ratio Mg2+/P of 1:1. The presence of alanyl ester residues caused a
      decrease in the amount of cations bound in stoicheiometric proportion to the
      ratio Ala/P, but the affinity constant was unaltered. It is concluded that in
      solution the ribitol teichoic acid binds Mg2+ univalently to phosphate groups and
      univalently to a counter-ion. In the intact wall the binding of Mg2+ was
      different. The affinity constant was higher and resembled that of a glycerol
      teichoic acid. It is concluded that Mg2+ forms bridges across phosphate groups in
      teichoic acid chains lying adjacent to each other in the wall. The effect of
      alanyl esters was similar to that in solution, but Scatchard plots were not
      linear at low concentrations of Mg2+ where it was shown that the difference in
      affinities between walls with and without alanyl ester residues was much greater
      than it was at higher concentrations of Mg2+. Thus at very low concentrations of
      Mg2+ effective binding to the wall is markedly improved by loss of alanyl ester
      residues.

PMID- 1218095
TI  - The reaction of choline dehydrogenase with some electron acceptors.
AB  - 1. The choline dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.1) WAS SOLUBILIZED FROM ACETONE-DRIED
      POWDERS OF RAT LIVER MITOCHONDRIA BY TREATMENT WITH Naja naja venom. 2. The
      kinetics of the reaction of enzyme with phenazine methosulphate and ubiquinone-2
      as electron acceptors were investigated. 3. With both electron acceptors the
      reaction mechanism appears to involve a free, modified-enzyme intermediate. 4.
      With some electron acceptors the maximum velocity of the reaction is independent
      of the nature of the acceptor. With phenazine methosulphate and ubiquinone-2 as
      acceptors the Km value for choline is also independent of the nature of the
      acceptor molecule. 5. The mechanism of the Triton X-100-solubilized enzyme is
      apparently the smae as that for the snake venom solubilized enzyme.

PMID- 1218096
TI  - Commentary: screening for anti-cancer agents; the relative merits of in vitro and
      in vovo techniques.

PMID- 1218097
TI  - Adenosine analogs and human platelets. Effects on nucleotide pools and the
      aggregation phenomenon.

PMID- 1218098
TI  - Effect of a hypercholesterolaemic diet and a single injection of polyunsaturated
      phosphatidyl choline solution on the activities of lipolytic enzymes, acyl-CoA
      synthetase and acyl-CoA cholesterol acyl-transferase in rabbit tissues.

PMID- 1218099
TI  - Inhibition of monoamine oxidation in rat liver mitochondria.

PMID- 1218100
TI  - Efflux from isolated rat retina of amino acids formed from different substrates.

PMID- 1218102
TI  - [Structure of the mule adrenal cortex].

PMID- 1218101
TI  - Cellular interactions in the control of granulopoiesis.
AB  - We have examined several new techniques for studying cellular interactions in the
      control of granulopoiesis in vitro. Better in vitro growth of mouse bone marrow
      can be achieved by modifying standard diffusion chamber systems to allow
      continuous fluid circulation and cell migration. When certain organ fragments are
      added to such systems, enhanced granulocytic differentiation is observed.

PMID- 1218103
TI  - [Usefulness of the Three Apnea Test in evaluation of cardiorespiratory function
      in athletes].

PMID- 1218104
TI  - [Biochemical evaluation of some enzymes in athletes before and after exercise on
      the cycloergometer. I. Changes of ATP, ADP and AMP].

PMID- 1218105
TI  - [Biochemical evaluation of some enzymes in athletes before and after exercise on
      the cycloergometer. II. Changes in LDH and HBDH].

PMID- 1218106
TI  - [Behavior of blood calcium levels after oral administration of glucose in
      humans].

PMID- 1218107
TI  - [Indices of cell damage in acute CO poisoning].

PMID- 1218108
TI  - [Test of venoconstriction in humans; an improved technic for quantitative
      evaluation of venous spasm].

PMID- 1218109
TI  - [On tachyphylaxis to adrenaline: study of drug effects on beta-adrenergic venous
      receptors in humans].

PMID- 1218110
TI  - [Clinical pharmacology of pindolol on vasomotor receptors].

PMID- 1218111
TI  - [Separation of cerebrospinal fluid proteins with electrofocusing on
      polyacrylamide gel].

PMID- 1218113
TI  - [Importance and limitations of directional Doppler ultrasonography (DDS) in
      neuroangiological diagnosis].

PMID- 1218112
TI  - [Directional Doppler ultrasonography (DDS): theoretical bases and clinical
      methods].

PMID- 1218114
TI  - [Influence of the olive-cochlear bundle (OCB) on cochlear/microphonic (CM)
      potentials and on action potentials (AP). I. Inhibition of the OCB].

PMID- 1218116
TI  - [Preparation of selenohypotaurine].

PMID- 1218115
TI  - [Influence of the olivo-cochlear bundle (OCB) on/cochlear microphonic (CM)
      potentials and on action potentials (AP). II. Stimulation of the OCB].

PMID- 1218117
TI  - [Effect of the administration of corn and geletin on cerebral levels of serotonin
      in rats].

PMID- 1218118
TI  - [The early response induced by acoustic stimulation in rats: changes in latency
      as a function of intensity of the stimulus].

PMID- 1218119
TI  - [Pterin pigments of some species of insects].

PMID- 1218120
TI  - [Biochemical analysis of the intercellular matrix during development of chick
      embryo skin. I. The glycoprotein component].

PMID- 1218121
TI  - [Biochemical analysis of the intercellular matrix during development of chick
      embryo skin. III. The fibrous component].

PMID- 1218122
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of the relations between preoptic temperature and
      respiratory rate during sleep].

PMID- 1218123
TI  - [Phasic activation of the CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus during sleep
      with rapid waves after lesion of the septum].

PMID- 1218124
TI  - [The amino acid composition of bone tissue in uremic and normal subjects].

PMID- 1218125
TI  - [Sodium bicarbonate as a stimulating agent of secretion of plasma human growth
      hormone].

PMID- 1218126
TI  - [Effect of the feeding plan on the behavior of serum and muscle aldolase in swine
      for market].

PMID- 1218127
TI  - [Morphology of the small biliary passages in hepatic localization of Hodgkin's
      disease].

PMID- 1218128
TI  - [Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis: reconstruction from biopsy of the
      small bile ducts].

PMID- 1218129
TI  - [Reconstruction from hepatic biopsy of the small bile ducts in cholestatic
      hepatitis with prolonged course].

PMID- 1218130
TI  - [Distribution of glycogen in the hepatic lobule after administration of glucose
      and insulin in fasting rats].

PMID- 1218131
TI  - [Further research on the innervation of the vallate papillae and the foliate
      organ in rabbits].

PMID- 1218133
TI  - [Stability of some hydrolytic enzymes in gel form].

PMID- 1218132
TI  - [Behavioral, electrocorticographic and body-temperature effects of
      intraventricular infusion of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine].

PMID- 1218134
TI  - [Sulpiride and intestinal motility].

PMID- 1218135
TI  - [Influence of several drugs on intestinal motility].

PMID- 1218136
TI  - Experiments stemming from research on pancreatic ribonuclease.

PMID- 1218138
TI  - Editorial: Learning objectives and educational goals.

PMID- 1218137
TI  - Editorial: Some thoughts on the education of anaesthetists.

PMID- 1218139
TI  - The use of direct current to cause selective block of large fibres in peripheral
      nerves.
AB  - The effect of direct current on the propagated compound action potential in a
      cutaneous branch of the radial nerve of the dog was studied and a convenient
      method for applying electrical current to a nerve is described. Changes in the
      flow of blocking current, even when these were made slowly during a period of 5
      10 sec, caused stimulation of the nerve. The method was satisfactory for
      producing differential nerve block within the myelinated fibres. It was confirmed
      that direct current could be used to eliminate selectively the group II/III
      potentials. When these potentials had been eliminated for a period of 5 min the
      mean height of the group IV potentials was reduced to 65% of the control value,
      and their conduction velocity was decreased by 10%. Relatively small variations
      in current flow caused a marked change in conduction. In the early stages of
      block, frequent relatively large reductions in current flow were necessary to
      produce a constant response and it was impossible to cause a stable effect on
      conduction until the blocking current had been applied for at least 1 min.
      Because of nerve damage the method is unsuitable for clinical use.

PMID- 1218140
TI  - Differential B and C fibre block by an amide- and an ester-linked local
      anaesthetic.
AB  - The relative sensitivity of sympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic axons, B
      and C fibres, respectively, to two structurally dissimilar local anaesthetics was
      examined. The concentration of amethocaine (ester-linked tertiary amine) or
      prilocaine (amide-linked secondary amine) required to reduce the B fibre compound
      action potential by 50% was one-third of the concentration required to depress
      the C fibre potential to a similar extent. Both local anaesthetic agents also
      showed the action potential propagation through B fibres more than through C
      fibres. Similar results have been reported previously for lignocaine (amide
      linked tertiary amine).

PMID- 1218141
TI  - Effects of ketamine on central sympathetic discharge and the baroreceptor reflex
      during mechanical ventilation.
AB  - In rabbits which were ventilated mechanically, with a background anaesthetic of
      pentobarbitone or after decerebration, ketamine depressed preganglionic
      sympathetic activity and arterial pressure. Conduction through central
      baroreceptor pathways, tested by depressor nerve stimulation, showed a selective
      inhibition of the heart rate response.

PMID- 1218142
TI  - Circulatory responses to ketamine: dependence on respiratory pattern and
      background anaesthesia in the rabbit.
AB  - In rabbits which were initially conscious or lightly anaesthetized with
      pentobarbitone, ketamine respectively increased or did not change arterial
      pressure, whereas in mechanically ventilated animals there was prolonged
      depression of both pressure and pregangkioinic sympathetic activity. Although
      respiratory rate slowed during spontaneous ventilation, blood-gas changes were
      not responsible for these differences. Following bilateral division of the
      carotid sinus and aortic nerves, a depressor response to ketamine occurred during
      spontaneous respiration. When respiratory rate was slowed coincidentally with
      ketamine injection during mechanical ventilation, the circulatory responses were
      similar to those during spontaneous respiration; this did not occur after carotid
      and aortic denervation. These variations in the circulatory effects of ketamine,
      according to respiratory pattern and background anaesthesia, are discussed.

PMID- 1218143
TI  - Species, strain, sex and individual differences in enflurane metabolism.
AB  - Species, sex and individual differences in serum inorganic fluoride
      concentrations were demonstrated in mice, guineapigs and rats exposed to either
      0.07% or 0.2% enflurane for 35 days, suggesting differences in enflurane
      biotransformation. Exposure of Fischer 344 rats and Sprague-Dawley rats to 0.2%
      enflurane for 8 days resulted in enzyme induction as demonstrated by increasing
      serum inorganic fluoride and cytochrome P-450 concentrations. However, there was
      no difference in cytochrome P-450 concentrations between the strains despite
      differences in inorganic fluoride concentration. These results emphasize the
      multiplicity of factors and the lack of predictability in patterns of enflurane
      metabolism among species, strains and individuals.

PMID- 1218144
TI  - Thrombin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation. III:Modification by
      dextran infusion.
AB  - The cardiorespiratory effects of thrombin-induced disseminated intravascular
      coagulation (DIC) were studied in two groups of dogs. The main changes were a
      reduction in cardiac output and arterial pressure, an increase in pulmonary
      artery pressure and, an increase in pulmonary artery pressure and an increase in
      venous admixture. In one group of dogs the reduction in cardiac output was
      diminished by the infusion of dextran 35 ml/kg body weight. This resulted in an
      increased pulmonary artery pressure but no significant differences in the indices
      of the efficiency of gas exchange. However, the haemodilution resulted in a lower
      mixed venous and arterial PO2 in this group of dogs.

PMID- 1218145
TI  - The uptake and elimination of halothane in dogs: A two or multicompartment
      system? II: Evaluation of wash-in and wash-out curves.
AB  - In 14 mongrel dogs wash-in and wash-out curves for halothane were obtained from
      measurements of arterial blood, mixed venous blood and end-tidal gas. From a
      certain point in the wash-in period the halothane concentration of arterial blood
      can be calculated from the halothane concentration in end-tidal gas and the blood
      gas partition coefficient for halothane. Analysis of the curves shows that they
      are composed of two exponential components suggesting the presence of two body
      compartments. The question of a two-compartment system versus a multi-compartment
      system in discussed.

PMID- 1218146
TI  - The production of standard atmospheres of volatile anaesthetic agents by a
      diffusion dilution cell.
AB  - The diffusion of a vapour into a gas provides a useful method for the preparation
      of standard atmospheres of the vapour. The construction and use of the apparatus
      for preparing these standards are described and the relevance of the method to
      research in anaesthetic practice is discussed.

PMID- 1218147
TI  - An expired gas collection and disposal system.
AB  - An expired gas collection and disposal system based on an independent suction
      pump is described. The halothane concentration in the atmosphere was measured,
      with and without the system. The increase of halothane concentration was limited
      to 1 p.p.m. above the theatre basal value with the system in use, and 5 p.p.m.
      when no venting was used.

PMID- 1218148
TI  - Incidence of suxamethonium apnoea in patients undergoing E.C.T.
AB  - Plasma cholinesterase variants have been examined in blood samples obtained from
      23 patients who, after an intravenous injection of suxamethonium 30 mg before
      e.c.t., had prolonged apnoea. Attempts have been made to screen the relatives of
      all patients shown to have an unusual plasma cholinesterase. The present study
      indicates an increased frequency of the fluoride-resistant variants in those
      psychiatric patients sensitive to suxamethonium.

PMID- 1218149
TI  - Althesin and pancuronium in chronic liver disease.
AB  - In 32 patients with chronic liver disease, undergoing major abdominal surgery,
      anaesthesia was induced with either Althesin (alphaxalone and alphadolone
      acetate) or thiopentone, and maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and increments
      of either pethidine or fentanyl. The patients were ventilated artificially to
      maintain PaCO, values in the normal range. Pancuronium bromide was used as the
      muscle relaxant. Liver function tests at 24 hr and 5 day after surgery showed
      only minor changes compared with findings before operation. There was no
      significant difference between the Althesin and thiopentone groups. In two
      patients with severe obstructive jaundice there was difficulty in reversing the
      effects of pancuronium, but "pancuronium resistance" was observed in all
      patients. It is concluded that the anaesthetic sequence described, with either
      Althesin or thiopentone induction, is satisfactory with respect to changes in
      liver function in patients with chronic liver disease undergoing major surgery.

PMID- 1218150
TI  - Althesin as an induction agent for Caesarean section.
AB  - Thirty patients for elective lower segment Caesarean section were randomly
      divided into two groups. One group received 50 mulitre/kg of Althesin for
      induction of anaesthesia and the other, 100 mulitre/kg. The two maternal groups
      were similar. There was no significant difference in the clinical or biochemical
      status of the infants except that infants in the low dose group had a
      significantly higher PO2 in the umbilical venous and arterial blood.

PMID- 1218151
TI  - Anaesthesia for fibreoptic bronchoscopy.
AB  - Fibreoptic bronchoscopy is a useful diagnostic aid but may result in difficulties
      when associated with endotracheal anaesthesia. As a result, adequate ventilation
      may be difficult in patients with impaired pulmonary function and, in particular,
      in female patients because of the smaller size of the laryngeal opening. In a
      trial of three methods of endotracheal anaesthesia in a series of 39 patients, a
      direct catheter inflation technique gave satisfactory ventilation without
      circulatory depression.

PMID- 1218152
TI  - Catheter inflation ventilation in tracheal stenosis.
AB  - Catheter inflation ventilation using simple apparatus is described and its use in
      a case of tracheal stenosis is reported. The suitability of the method was tested
      first on a model. Monitoring of blood-gas tensions showed that the patient could
      be hyperventilated without cardiovascular distubance for a period of 197 min.

PMID- 1218153
TI  - Letter: Adverse reactions to intravenous anaesthetic agents.

PMID- 1218154
TI  - Letter: Entonox and halothane in dental surgery.

PMID- 1218155
TI  - Letter: Entonox in dental surgery.

PMID- 1218156
TI  - Letter: Acid pulmonary aspiration.

PMID- 1218157
TI  - Letter: Computing acid base state.

PMID- 1218158
TI  - Letter: A return to trichloroethylene.

PMID- 1218159
TI  - Letter: Recovery from methohexitone anaesthesia.

PMID- 1218160
TI  - Letter: Oxygen supply hazard.

PMID- 1218161
TI  - Rebreathing in a T-piece: volunteer and theoretical studies of the Jackson-Rees
      modification of Ayre's T-piece during spontaneous respiration.
AB  - The Jackson-Rees modification of Ayre's T-piece was examined experimentally and
      theoretically to see what effects the theoretical restrictions of Onchi, Hayashi
      and Ueyama (1957) (1:1 I:E ratio, zero deadspace volume) and the square-wave
      approximation of Mapleson (1958) may have had on the calculated critical fresh
      gas flow rate necessary to prevent rebreathing of exhaled alveolar gases. In the
      experimental examination six conscious alert volunteers breathed through the
      system as the fresh-gas flow rate was varied in steps, and their ventilation was
      recorded at each value. Assuming that under rebreathing conditions a normal
      arterial PCO2 is maintained by hyperventilation,  this experimental situation is
      identical with one of the two considered theoretically by assuming sine-wave
      inspiratory and expiratory waveforms, zero longitudinal mixing in deadspace
      volumes and perfect mixing in the alveoli. Agreement between experimental and
      theoretical results justifies the assumptions made in the theoretical analysis
      and the  results indicate that a fresh-gas flow rate of about twice the normal
      ventilation is necessary to eliminate rebreathing completely from the Jackson
      Rees modification of Ayre's T-piece. The exact requirement depends on the
      deadspace/tidal volume (VD/VT) and I:E ratios. The onset of hyperventilation at
      lower fresh-gas flow rates is gradual and, in spontaneous breathing with VD/VT
      approximately equal to 40% and I:E ratio = 1:1.2, is only 10-20% at a fresh-gas
      flow rate of 1.5 times the normal ventilation.

PMID- 1218162
TI  - E.E.G. and multiple unit activity during ketamine and barbiturate anaesthesia.
AB  - Cortical e.e.g. and multiple unit activity (m.u.a.) of the mesencephalic
      reticular formation, the anterior hypothalamic area, the basal nuclear group of
      the amygdala and the dorsal hippocampus were studied before and following i.p.
      injection of different doses of ketamine hydrochloride and a barbiturate in cats
      with chronically implanted electrodes. Barbiturate administration resulted in a
      rapid decrease in m.u.a. in the mesencephalic reticular formation which was
      accompanied by a significant decrease of activity in the limbic structures. No
      m.u.a. response was observed to visual, acoutic or somatosensory stimulation or
      to pain. The m.u.a. of the mesencephalic reticular formation and limbic
      structures increased gradually following ketamine injection. Intermittent or
      continuous hypersynchronous activity was characteristic in the cortical e.e.g.
      During the hypersynchronous activity the responsiveness of m.u.a. in the
      mesencephalic reticular formation, to visual and acoustic stimuli, was blocked.
      Somatosensory and painful stimulation, however, resulted in a significant
      increase in the activity both of the mesencephalic reticular formation and of the
      limbic neuronal pools.

PMID- 1218163
TI  - The effect of enteral oxygen administration on the hepatic circulation during
      halothane anaesthesia: experimental investigations.
AB  - An investigation of the hepatic microcirculation and oxygen tension in 20 white
      rats showed that halothane anaesthesia was associated with a reduction in the
      diameter of the terminal portal venous branches, sinusoids and central veins, and
      with a decrease in the hepatic oxygen tension from 28.8+/-4.8 to 22.4+/-3.9 mmHg
      (mean +/-SEM). Enteral oxygen administration was followed by an increased blood
      flow in all the observed vessels, by an increase in the number of simultaneously
      filled sinusoids and also by an increase in the hepatic oxygen tension to 35.2+/
      10.1 mm Hg. Subsequently, changes in blood flow in the hepatic artery and portal
      vein were investigated in 10 cats by cineangiography. During inhalation of
      halothane the hepatic artery blood flow was observed to increase by 30%, while
      portal vein blood flow was found to decrease by 57% of the initial value. Thus
      total hepatic blood flow was reduced by 40%, with the ratio of hepatic artery
      blood flow to total hepatic blood flow increasing from 19% to 43%. When enteral
      oxygen was administered, the total hepatic blood flow was restored to 92% of the
      value before anaesthesia. This resulted from an increase in the portal blood flow
      fraction only. It is concluded that disturbances in the liver circulation in cats
      and rats produced by halothane anaesthesia can be modified by the simultaneous
      administration of enteral oxygen.

PMID- 1218164
TI  - The effect of enteral oxygen administration on the hepatic circulation during
      halothane anaesthesia: clinical observations.
AB  - A study of the estimated hepatic blood flow (EHBF) using a colloidal gold
      technique in 28 patients undergoing saphenous vein stripping, showed that the
      EHBF decreased to 68% of its initial value during the period of halothane
      anaeshtesia and operation. When enteral oxygen was added EHBF increased to 82% of
      its initial value. An investigation in 14 other patients under going upper
      abdominal operations showed that enteral oxygen administration caused the oxygen
      saturation of the portal blood to increase from 55+/-7.2% (mean +/- SEM) to 80+/
      6.2% and, by producing a concomitant decrease in portal pressure, led to a
      reduction in the portocaval pressure gradient from 74+/-12.5 to 38+/-8.7 mm H2O.
      It is suggested that the oxygen content of the portal blood per se influences the
      tone of hepatic presinusoidal sphincters. It is concluded that enteral oxygen
      administration may minimize disturbances in the hepatic circulation occurring
      during halothane anaesthesia and surgical operations.

PMID- 1218165
TI  - Morphine concentrations in plasma after intramuscular administration.
AB  - Plasma morphine concentrations were measured by a radioimmunoassay technique
      following the intramuscular administration of morphine 0.2 mg/kg body weight as a
      preoperative medication. The highest plasma concentrations were obtained about
      one hour after the administration of the drug and there was a sevenfold variation
      in these concentrations between individuals. For 24 hr following a single
      intramuscular injection, there was measurable quantities of morphine or its
      metabolites in the plasma. In healthy patients who were undergoing a therapeutic
      abortion, there was no correlation between pain relief and the plasma
      concentration of morphine.

PMID- 1218166
TI  - Pethidine revisited: plasma concentrations and effects after intramuscular
      injection.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of pethidine following i.m. gluteal injection were measured
      in surgical patients and volunteers. The mean plasma concentrations tended to be
      higher in the patients than in the volunteers; this may be a result of a slower
      initial absorption rate. At least 80% of the dose was absorbed from the injection
      site over the 6-hr period of the study. Fluctuations in plasma pethidine
      concentration were observed, probably caused by variations in local and systemic
      blood flow. This effect was more noticeable in the patient group. In general, the
      time-course of subjective effects in volunteers could be related to maximum
      plasma pethidine concentrations. However, patients appeared to be less sensitive
      to these effects at similar plasma drug concentrations, possibly because of
      catecholamine-mediated stimulus, suggesting that plasma concentrations may be a
      poor guide to the clinical response in patient-volunteer comparison.

PMID- 1218168
TI  - Maternal and neonatal effects of 1% and 2% mepivacaine for lumbar extradural
      analgesia.
AB  - Continuous lumbar extradural analgesia with mepivacaine was administered to two
      groups of patients in normal labour. One group (26 patients: 1% mepivacaine)
      received a mean total dose of 342 mg (4.93 mg/kg) per patient, and developed a
      mean blood concentration of mepivacaine at delivery of 1.82 mug/ml. The neonatal
      umbilical vein concentration was 0.84 mug/ml. The other group (30 patients: 2%
      mepivacaine) received a mean total dose of 776 mg (11.65 mg/kg) per patient, and
      developed a mean blood concentration of mepivacaine at delivery of 3.47 mug/ml.
      The neonatal umbilical vein concentration was 2.61 mug/ml. Four of the infants of
      mothers who received 1% mepivacaine were depressed (1-min Apgar score 6 or less),
      and six of the other group were depressed also. Usually, depression appeared to
      be related to obstetric factors, rather than to analgesia. Eleven of the 56
      infants had umbilical vein mepivacaine concentrations of 3 mug/ml or greater; of
      these, three were depressed. This does not agree with the concept that the toxic
      threshold for mepivacaine is 3 mug/ml. In both groups a significant linear
      correlation was obtained between umbilical vein concentration and total dose of
      mepivacaine. A maximal dose of 12 mg/kg maternal weight in the non-obese or 12
      mg/kg lean body mass in the obese is suggested for continuous extradural
      analgesia with mepivacaine, although healthy mothers and infants may tolerate
      much more.

PMID- 1218167
TI  - Airway compliance during artificial ventilation.
AB  - The relationship of anatomical deadspace to transpulmonary pressure was studied
      in eight subjects awake, breathing spontaneously without endotracheal intubation,
      and anaesthetized intubated and ventilated artificially. Anatomical deadspace was
      determined according to the equal area method (Fowler) using carbon dioxide as a
      tracer gas. Volume measurements were performed using a pneumotachograph.
      Transpulmonary pressure was measured using an oesophageal balloon and a catheter
      which was connected to the mouthpiece during spontaneous breathing and inserted
      into the endotracheal tube during artificial ventilation. Anatomical deadspace
      was approximately the same during artificial ventilation and spontaneous
      breathing, despite bypass of the upper airway during anaesthesia. Anatomical
      deadspace was related linearly to transpulmonary pressure. The regression lines
      indicated an airway compliance of 3.6 ml/cm H2O during spontaneous breathing and
      7.4 ml/cm H2O during artificial ventilation. The alteration in airway compliance
      caused by artificial ventilation is ascribed to a reduction in bronchial muscle
      tone.

PMID- 1218169
TI  - Cardiovascular changes in labour associated with extradural analgesia using
      bupivacaine.
AB  - Cardiovascular changes were monitored continuously in 13 women during stimulated
      labour conducted under extradural analgesia with bupivacaine. Three solutions of
      bupivacaine (0.5% plain, 0.25% with adrenaline and 0.5% with adrenaline) were
      administered in a random fashion. The results show that the plain solution of
      bupivacaine was associated with a decrease in central venous pressure and an
      increase in maternal heart rate which approached statistical significance 40-45
      min after administration. These changes did not occur when solutions containing
      adrenaline were used. The small number of patients and the random administration
      of the bupivacaine solutions make it difficult to establish the exact
      significance of the cardiovascular changes observed and a further within-patient
      study is required.

PMID- 1218170
TI  - A double-blind trial of bupivacaine (Marcain) and etidocaine (Duranest) in
      extradural block for surgical induction of labour.
AB  - A double-blind randomized trial was conducted to compare etidocaine, the new
      local anaesthetic agent, with bupivacaine. One hundred patients were each given a
      single dose of one of the drugs during the surgical induction of labour. The
      results showed that etidocaine had a quicker onset of action than bupivacaine,
      but that its duration of action was shorter, and that it produced a greater
      degree of muscle weakness. No differences were noted in the side effects of the
      two drugs.

PMID- 1218171
TI  - Effects of pentolinium on blood sugar and serum potassium concentrations during
      anaesthesia and surgery.
AB  - Blood surgar and serum potassium (K+) concentrations were measured before, during
      and 60 min after surgery in two groups of 10 non-diabetic patients during nitrous
      oxide/halothane/tubocurarine anaesthesia. In the control group the arterial
      pressure was maintained within the  patients' normal ranges, while in the study
      group pentolinium was administered i.v. (average 22 mg per patient) to achieve
      and maintain a mean arterial pressure of 50 mm Hg (+/-10 SEM). In the
      normotensive group the blood sugar concentration increased markedly and
      significantly during surgery and in the early postoperative period while the
      serum K+ concentration was essentially unchanged. In the hypotensive group
      pentolinium produced a striking modification of the surgery-induced
      hyperglycaemic response (but not to hypoglycaemic values) as well as a small but
      significant decrease in serum K+ concentration. The observed increase in the
      blood sugar concentration may be part of the autonomic response to surgical
      stress. Two mechanisms can explain the reduction in serum K+ concentration: (1)
      decreased hepatic glycogenolysis and (2) attenuation of the suppressive effect of
      adrenaline on insulin release, both effects being secondary to the ganglion
      blocking property of pentolinium. These results are in contrast to the widely
      held belief that ganglion-blocking drugs cause hypoglycaemia.

PMID- 1218172
TI  - Influence of ketamine on human plasma cholinesterase.
AB  - The influence of ketamine upon human plasma cholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.8) was
      determined by means of a colorimetric assay technique at 25 degrees C, pH 7.7
      with butyrylthiocholine as substrate. Ketamine caused a reversible inhibition of
      cholinesterase (pI50= 2.75; apparent Ki=4.94X10(-4) M). The kinetic analysis of
      the inhibitory action revealed a mixed competitive/non-competitive type of
      mechanism with a prevalence of the non-competitive component (alpha-value = 4.9).
      A decrease in cholinesterase activity is thought to be a result of conformational
      change of the enzyme protein which is induced by a reversible binding of ketamine
      to anionic side receptors in the vicinity of the active centre.

PMID- 1218173
TI  - Unexplained jaundice following non-halothane anaesthesia. A case report.
AB  - A patient developed unexplained jaundice following repeated anaesthesia. The only
      inhalation anaesthetic agent used was nitrous oxide. The clinical and laboratory
      features are very similar to those of the jaundice which has been attributed to
      halothane anaesthesia.

PMID- 1218174
TI  - A case of severely cut throat.
AB  - A 42-year-old man was admitted to hospital with serious neck injuries and partial
      exposure of the oropharynx. He was sedated and the larynx and trachea were
      anaesthetized with lignocaine to allow endotracheal intubation. In the course of
      these procedures, previously unsuspected injuries of the tongue and soft palate
      were discovered. The contraindications to endotracheal intubation under general
      anaesthesia in cases of this type are discussed.

PMID- 1218175
TI  - An instrument for the accurate and continuous measurement of halothane
      concentrations in nitrous oxide-oxygen mixtures.
AB  - An instrument is described which measures continuously both the halothane
      concentration and the composition of the carrier gas when the vaporizer is
      situated outside the breathing circuit. The instrument is an adapted katharometer
      in which the out-of-balance voltage is used to measure the concentration of one
      compound in a three-component mixture, and the total voltage reduction across the
      constant-current-supplied bridge is used to indicate the proportions of the other
      two components. Halothane concentrations can be determined with an inaccuracy of
      0.1% for concentrations up to 6%. Nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the
      nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture, serving as carrier gas, can be determined with an
      accuracy of 1% over the whole range up to 100% N2O. The 99% response time of the
      instrument is approximately 1 min.

PMID- 1218176
TI  - The magnitude of air admixture with a jet device in paediatric anaesthesia.
AB  - The admixture of air in inspired gas with a paediatric insufflation system based
      on a gas jet has been investigated. During anaesthesia with spontaneous
      ventilation 1% of air per kg body weight was found in tracheal gas samples. A
      venturi effect was virtually absent even at high jet flows, which suggests that
      artificial ventilation prevents air admixture.

PMID- 1218177
TI  - Letter: Oxygen therapy.

PMID- 1218178
TI  - Letter: Blind nasal intubation.

PMID- 1218179
TI  - Letter: Absence of suxamethonium fasciculations in patients with atypical
      pseudocholinesterase.

PMID- 1218180
TI  - Letter: Anaesthetic actions.

PMID- 1218181
TI  - Letter: Horner's syndrome following obstetric extradural block analgesia.

PMID- 1218182
TI  - Letter: Reduction of post-suxamethonium muscle pains.

PMID- 1218183
TI  - Intraocular pressure and systemic blood pressure in the elderly.
AB  - The intraocular and systemic blood pressure, height, weight, and haemoglobin were
      measured in 573 subjects over 60 years old from a general practice population.
      Intraocular pressure was positively and independently related to systemic blood
      pressure (P less than 0.0001) and obesity (P less than 0.01) as assessed by the
      ponderal index. Systolic pressure rather than diastolic or mean pressure was most
      closely correlated with intraocular pressure and it is suggested that the
      systolic head of pressure increases the filtrated fraction of aqueous humour to
      cause a small but sustained rise in intraocular pressure. It is also suggested
      that obesity may decrease the facility of aqueous outflow.

PMID- 1218184
TI  - Vertical ovalness of glaucomatous cupping.
AB  - Slit-lamp examination and stereoscopic fundus photography were found to be
      helpful in differentiating between physiological and glaucomatous cupping of the
      disc. Vertical ovalness of any cup in the disc should raise the suspicion of
      glaucoma, and the magnitude of the vertical cup: disc ratio is of particular
      significance.

PMID- 1218185
TI  - Actinic rays and aerosol sprays.

PMID- 1218186
TI  - Pupillary "dilatation lag" in Horner's syndrome.
AB  - 1. Clinical examination will often fail to identify the presence of a unilateral
      Horner's syndrome. 2. Confirmation and localization of Horner's syndrome is of
      clinical prognostic value. 3. Cocaine testing provides confirmation of a Horner's
      syndrome, but it takes 45 min, is sometimes equivocal, and always delays the
      localizing hydroxyamphetamine test. 4. "Dilatation lag" is a sensitive and
      physiological sign of Horner's syndrome, and can be demonstrated by simple
      Polaroid flash photographs.

PMID- 1218187
TI  - Discission needle.
AB  - A decision needle suitable for use in cataractous microphthalmic eyes and the
      principles governing its design are described. It enables extensive microsurgery
      of the lens capsule to be performed, with minimal loss of aqueous.

PMID- 1218188
TI  - Glycosphingolipid synthesis and tumorigenesis. A role for the Golgi apparatus in
      the origin of specific receptor molecules of the mammalian cell surface.

PMID- 1218189
TI  - Amplitude variation of the pressure cycles in and between segments of the rabbit
      oviduct in vitro.

PMID- 1218190
TI  - Androgenization: alterations in uterine growth and morphology.

PMID- 1218191
TI  - The influence of androgenization on the tensile properties of the rat uterus.

PMID- 1218192
TI  - Studies on the nature of extracellular components of rat seminiferous tubular
      wall. I. Isolation and chemical characterization of basement membrane.

PMID- 1218193
TI  - Prostaglandins F in uterine tissue and venous plasma of pseudopregnant rats:
      effect of deciduomata.

PMID- 1218194
TI  - Rotational and oscillatory components of the tailwave in ram spermatozoa.

PMID- 1218195
TI  - Time of implantation in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) and its
      hormonal requirements.

PMID- 1218196
TI  - Testosterone levels in early fetal testes of domestic pigs.

PMID- 1218197
TI  - Involvement of the cervix in sperm transport failures in the reproductive tract
      of the ewe.

PMID- 1218198
TI  - Photoperiodic regulation of hamster testis: circadian sensitivity to the effects
      of light.

PMID- 1218199
TI  - Sperm binding characteristics of the murine zona pellucida.

PMID- 1218200
TI  - Effect of adrenalectomy on light-induced precocious puberty in rats.

PMID- 1218201
TI  - A new familial syndrome with craniofacial abnormalities, osseous defects and
      mental retardation.

PMID- 1218202
TI  - Otodental dysplasia.

PMID- 1218204
TI  - A familial syndrome of aniridia and absence of the patella.
AB  - This is the first report of a syndrome of aniridia and aplasia of the patella.
      The origin of the defect arises spontaneously in the grandmother of the proband
      and must be assumed to be a de novo mutation. There is no associated chromosomal
      abnormality or overt biochemical or other somatic defect. This is an extremely
      rare mutation exhibiting a dominant autosomal form of inheritance. The gene for
      aniridia is a dominant gene whose penetrance here is 100%. The combination of
      aniridia and bone malformations in general is very rare. This linked defect
      probably represents one of the most rare of human genetic abnormalities. The
      penetrance of the combined abnormality seems to follow that of the more well
      known aniridia gene.

PMID- 1218203
TI  - Autosomal dominant branchiootorenal dysplasia.

PMID- 1218205
TI  - Combined limb deficiencies and cranial nerve dysfunction: report of six cases.
AB  - Six cases have been presented with combined limb deficiencies and cranial nerve
      dysfunctions. The major features are congenital disarticulation and congenital
      amputation associated with various orofacial deficits. Anatomic variations in
      limb and facial anomalies in these cases, as well as in other cases previously
      reported; seem to indicate that they are part of a single dysmorphic syndrome
      rather than a group of distinct clinical syndromes as reported in the past.

PMID- 1218206
TI  - Familial presacral teratomas.
AB  - A tumor complex consisting of presacral teratoma and sacral deformity was
      described along with its occurrence in 6 kindreds. In addition to the tumor and
      the sacral defect, some patients have had recurrent abscesses, rectal stenosis
      and skin dimples as manifestation of the tumor. Urinary tract anomalies have also
      been found to be associated in some patients. The tumor differed considerably
      from the usual sacrococcygeal teratoma. Only one of the 19 resected tumors had
      proved to be malignant, although 2 have recurred in a benign manner. This appears
      to be inherited as a dominant characteristic.

PMID- 1218207
TI  - Variable limb malformations in the Brachmann-Cornelia de Lange syndrome.

PMID- 1218208
TI  - Epilepsy anticonvulsants and malformations.

PMID- 1218209
TI  - Diagnostic criteria for the whistling face syndrome.

PMID- 1218210
TI  - Inherited partial trisomy 2: 46,XX,1p+;t(1;2) (p36;q31).

PMID- 1218211
TI  - A new recognizable syndrome associated with a chromosomal abnormality.

PMID- 1218212
TI  - Leukonychia totalis, multiple sebaceous cysts and renal calculi: a syndrome.
AB  - We have presented a family of 4 generations demonstrating total leukonychia.
      Multiple sebaceous cysts and renal calculi are associated features of the
      syndrome. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. We cannot determine whether renal
      glycosuria is a component of this syndrome.

PMID- 1218213
TI  - A partial trisomy 5p syndrome.

PMID- 1218214
TI  - The 9p trisomy syndrome due to inherited translocation.

PMID- 1218215
TI  - 10p-: a new autosomal deletion syndrome?

PMID- 1218216
TI  - Familial chromosomal translocation with distinctive phenotype due to effective
      trisomy of no. 9p.

PMID- 1218217
TI  - Partial trisomy for different segments of chromosome 13 in several individuals of
      the same family.

PMID- 1218218
TI  - Trisomy 14q-.
AB  - Trisomy 14q- syndrome is relatively new and needs further delineation. In
      comparing our case with other reported cases (Table 1), some similarities are
      seen. Although the comparison of our case of partial trisomy 14 with the other
      cases reported in the literature may not be entirely justified (in that the
      reciprocal translocations are not always identical), it is hoped that by doing
      so, we can further delineate the common features and prognosis of such
      individuals.

PMID- 1218219
TI  - 16q trisomy in a family with a balanced 15/16 translocation.

PMID- 1218220
TI  - Alopecia totalis, nail dysplasia and amelogenesis imperfecta.
AB  - A patient with Turner XO/XX mosaicism is presented who also exhibits alopecia
      totalis, nail dysplasia and amelogenesis imperfecta. This combination has not
      been previously reported. What relationship the clinical manifestations have to
      the chromosome status is also unknown.

PMID- 1218221
TI  - Trisomy 22: a clinically identifiable syndrome.

PMID- 1218222
TI  - Sex chromosome mosaicism of X/XY or X/XY/XYY.
AB  - To date, we have studied 7 patients with X/XY mosaicism, one of whom showed an
      X/XY/XYY pattern. Four patients presented as newly born infants because of
      incomplete male development, ambiguity of external genitalia or Turner syndrome.
      The other 3 patients presented in midchildhood or early adult life. Bilateral
      gonadectomy, histologic examination of the gonads for tumor or testicular tissue,
      and chromosome analysis from blood and gonad specimens (and usually skin) were
      done in these 7 patients. The Y cell line and mosaicism were always detected in
      the blood culture although the predominant cell line in the majority of tissues
      was 45,X. The Y chromosome in one of the patients failed to show the expected
      bright fluorescence over the long arm, and the Y chromosome of another patient
      previously reported had a terminal nonfluorescing portion of the long arm.
      Patients with masculinization showed normal height and, on laparotomy, mixed
      gonadal dysgenesis. Patients with Turner syndrome showed bilateral streak gonads
      (2) and, in one 2 1/2-year-old girl, a bilateral gonadoblastoma. All patients
      with Turner syndrome were less than the third percentile in height. All 7
      patients were reared as female, 4 of them requiring surgery to diminish the size
      of the clitoris. All 7 patients appeared to be developing normally.
      Nonrecognition or delay of the diagnosis, which still occurs in this condition,
      appears to be a result of the mild physical abnormalities in some patients and a
      clinical diagnosis of Turner syndrome supported only by a negative X-chromatin
      result.

PMID- 1218224
TI  - The Floating-Harbor syndrome.

PMID- 1218223
TI  - The cell cycle and chromosome anomalies.

PMID- 1218225
TI  - Humeroradial ankylosis associated with other congenital defects (the "boomerang
      arm" sign).

PMID- 1218226
TI  - Progeroid syndrome.

PMID- 1218227
TI  - An unusual short stature syndrome.

PMID- 1218228
TI  - Unusual congenital anomalies.

PMID- 1218229
TI  - Unusual skeletal anomalies.

PMID- 1218230
TI  - Familial frontal dysplasia.

PMID- 1218231
TI  - The Turner phenotype associated with unbalanced X/autosome translocation.

PMID- 1218232
TI  - Cri-du-chat and trisomy 13 syndromes in an infant with an unbalanced chromosomal
      translocation.

PMID- 1218233
TI  - The 3-M syndrome: a heritable low birthweight dwarfism.

PMID- 1218234
TI  - A newly recognized inherited syndrome of dwarfism, craniosynostosis, retinitis
      pigmentosa and multiple congenital malformations.

PMID- 1218235
TI  - Familial frontometaphyseal dysplasia- evidence for dominant inheritance.

PMID- 1218236
TI  - Familial multiforme ventricular extrasystoles with short stature,
      hyperpigmentation and microcephaly-a new syndrome.
AB  - A previously undescribed syndrome with ventricular extrasystoles and presumed
      cardiac syncopy, hyperpigmentation, short stature and microcephaly in a mother
      and son was presented. Physiologic and pharmacologic studies suggest that the
      mechanism of the ventricular arrhythmia depends on multiple and reentrant
      pathways occurring below the bundle of His.

PMID- 1218237
TI  - The KBG syndrome-a syndrome of short stature, characteristic facies, mental
      retardation, macrodontia and skeletal anomalies.

PMID- 1218239
TI  - Dominantly inherited ulnar drift.

PMID- 1218238
TI  - Skeletal dysplasia, occipital horns, diarrhea and obstructive uropathy- a new
      hereditary syndrome.

PMID- 1218240
TI  - A new familial metabolic disorder with progressive osseous changes, microcephaly,
      coarse facies, flat nasal bridge and severe mental retardation.

PMID- 1218241
TI  - Lethal faciocardiomelic dysplasia- a new autosomal recessive disorder.
AB  - Three male sibs from consanguienous parents were found to have a strikingly
      similar pattern of multiple congenital anomalies. The main features were
      polyhydramnios; low birthweight; dwarfism; epicanthal folds; abnormal ears;
      microretrognathia; microstomia; microglossia; glossoptosis; webbed neck; severe
      cardiac defects; radial and ulnar hypoplasia; radial deviation of the hands;
      brachymetacarpalia; thumb hypoplasia; clinodactyly and hypoplasia of the 5th
      finger; simian creases; fibular and tibial hypoplasia; talipes varus with
      hypoplastic heels; wide gap between 1st and 2nd toes; and delayed bone age.
      Neonatal death occurred in the 3 babies by severe cardiac failure. Differential
      diagnosis permits one to conclude that this is a new type of faciocardiomelic
      dysplasia with a probable autosomal recessive inheritance.

PMID- 1218242
TI  - [Myelin-like structures in heart muscle cells following exposure to adrenaline].
AB  - The state of the muscle cells of the heart was studied experimentally in 36
      albino rats the next day after a single administration of adrenaline
      hydrochloride (3mg/kg), intramuscularly into the hip. Areas of overcontraction
      and overextension of myofibrills, numerous myelin-like figures not infrequently
      containing mitochondria and glycogen, drops of lipids were observed by electron
      microscopy. It is suggested that the affecting action of adrenaline is expressed
      through the activation of lipolysis which results in dissociation of the protein
      lipid components of the mitochondrial membranes, accumulation of fatty acids in
      the cytoplasm and resynthesis of the new unusual membranous formations.

PMID- 1218243
TI  - [Capacity for in vitro growth and the character of synovial fluid cell
      transformation in rheumatoid arthritis patients].
AB  - Investigations carried out permitted to detect the in vitro growth of cells in
      the synovial fluid of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Five types of
      cells (macrophages, polykariocytes, fibroblast-like cells histiocytes and
      lymphocytes) appeared during transformation. It was revealed that the intensity
      of the cell growth in the culture depended on the activity of the disease; there
      was also a significant decrease of this intensity (P less than 0.01) in the
      treatment of the patients. The growth of the fibroblast-like cells up to the
      formation of colonies pointed to their possible participation in the genesis of
      inflammatory processes and sclerosing of the vessels. The observed phenomenon of
      the cytopathic interaction of the lymphocytes and of the fibroblast-like cells
      served as an index of an autoimmune conflict in the joint and, possibly, one of
      the mechanisms of automaintenance of the autoimmune process.

PMID- 1218244
TI  - [Electron microscopic characteristics of amyloid resorption].

PMID- 1218245
TI  - [Changes in the diameter of organ arteriovenous anastomoses during pressor
      reflexes].
AB  - In acute experiments on cats, the diameter changes of the arterio-venous
      anastomoses in a number of vascular zones and their shunting coefficient were
      studied under the pressor reflexes; the method of injections of the microspheres
      was used. In these experiments the shunting capacity of the arterio-venous
      anastomoses was shown to be decreased in the small intestine, the spleen, the
      kidney and the gastrocnemius muscle under the pressor synocarotid reflex and the
      electrical stimulation of the somatic afferents.

PMID- 1218246
TI  - [A morphologic analysis of denuding of the villi in the intestinal form of acute
      radiation sickness].
AB  - Light and electron microscopy were applied to the study in sexually mature rats
      and mice of the areas of the duodenum, jejunum and the ileum 3-4 days after the
      irradiation in doses of 1000, 1500, 7000 and 15 000 R. Paraffine mucosal sections
      of the small intestine showed denuding of the stroma of individual villi.
      However, a study of the thin and semithin epon sections by light microscopy and
      of the ultrathin ones--by electron microscopy showed the villi to be always
      covered with enterocytes, whose cytoplasm was overloaded with lipid droplets and
      almost structureless. Thus, during the enteric form of acute radiation sickness
      there was no vital denuding of the villi, and the presence of such on paraffine
      sections served as the result of inadequate treatment of the material.

PMID- 1218247
TI  - [Compensatory-adaptive processes in the nervous elements of the intramural
      plexuses of the small intestine following resection of half of it].
AB  - A complicated morphological reconstruction, phasic in character, occurred in the
      nervous plexuses of the small intestine after resection of half of it. Neurons of
      both the muscular and the submucosal plexus reacted in a similar way at various
      stages of the compensatory-adaptive changes in the remaining intestine. The
      principal form of the morpho-functional normalization of the nerve cells after
      the development in them of dystrophic changes was apparently the intracellular
      regeneration.

PMID- 1218248
TI  - [An impulse-digital method of measuring blood flow velocity in microvessels].
AB  - The photometric trigger method described was used for determining the velocity of
      erythrocytes. It allows to take continuous erythrocyte velocity and cell flux
      measurements in the microvessels. Application of the impulse-digital chronometry
      of the intervals of the erythrocyte transit time ensures direct transformation of
      the measuring trigger signals into a digital code. The results of testing the
      device on the microvessels of frog mesentery are given.

PMID- 1218249
TI  - [A method of continuously recording arterial pressure in humans].

PMID- 1218250
TI  - [The effect of leukocyte pyrogen on thermosensitive neurons of the anterior
      hypothalamus].
AB  - Impulse activity of neurons of the medial preoptic and septal brain areas of
      rabbits caused by variations in the local temperature and systemic injections of
      the leukocytic and bacterial pyrogens was studied. The firing rate of the
      warmsensitive neurons decreased and that of the cold thermodetectors was
      activated as a result of pyrogen action. As compared with the bacterial pyrogen,
      leukocytic pyrogen caused a more rapid decrease of the warmthermodetector
      activity. Thermoneutral neurons failed to react considerably either to the
      leukocytic or to the bacterial pyrogen.

PMID- 1218251
TI  - [The effects of the pathogenic influence of botulin toxin on different types of
      spinal motor neurons].
AB  - The motor neuron cells of the lumbosacral region were investigated in the spinal
      cord of cat with the local botulin paralysis. Development of this paralysis was
      followed by reduction of the membrane potential, of the amplitude of antidromic
      AP, mono- and polysynaptic EPSP, a fall of the input resistance and by an
      increase in the level of the critical depolarization of the somatic membrane of
      the phasic motor neurons of the damaged segments in the spinal cord. Excitation
      of the tonic motor neurons was not greatly altered in the dynamics of local
      botulism.

PMID- 1218252
TI  - [The neurogenic component of the tone of capacitance vessels in regional arterial
      hypotension].
AB  - It was shown in experiments on rats that lowering of the volume stiffness of the
      capacitance vessels in the area of the chronic regional arterial hypotension
      occurred only after their denervation. Experiments on the innervated hind limb
      showed that the volume stiffness of the capacitance vessels in the area of
      hypotension failed to differ from the corresponsing indices in control rats.

PMID- 1218253
TI  - [Monoaminergic mechanisms of the amygdaloid complex actualizing conditioned
      reflexes of different biological modality].
AB  - Microinjection of dopamine and serotonin into the dorso-medial portions of the
      amygdalic complex of rats increased the latent period of conditioned defense and
      motor food reactions, spontaneous motor activity, the number of jerks and the
      value of the conditioned food reflex. Noradrenaline failed to influence the
      recorded indices of the conditioned food-procuring reflex, but facilitated the
      conditioned reaction of avoidance, significantly shortening its latent time. The
      results obtained pointed to the specificity of the neurochemical mechanisms
      realizing at the level of the amygdalic complex conditioned reflexes of various
      biological modality in rats.

PMID- 1218255
TI  - [Changes in serum lysozyme activity in terminal states caused by blood loss].
AB  - A study was made of the dynamics of the lysozyme activity of the serum in dogs
      which sustained clinical death on the background of a 2-hour hypovolemic
      hypotension due to blood loss. There was revealed a progressive increase in the
      lysozyme activity of the serum during the hypotension and during the first 30
      minutes of the postreanimation period. Lysozyme activity of the serum was
      increased in the course of 4 days after the revival. The significance of the
      lysozyme activity of the serum as an index of hypoxic injury of the internal
      organs in terminal conditions is discussed.

PMID- 1218254
TI  - [The role of the adrenals in the development of hyperenzymemia in experimental
      multiple injuries].
AB  - The authors studied the activity of acid phosphatase (AP), lactic dehydrogenase
      (LDH), aspartic and alanine-aminotranspherases (AST and ALT) in the serum of rats
      with intact and removed adrenal glands after a severe multifocal trauma induced
      according to Noble-Collip (300 rpt of the drum with the rotation speed of 37
      rpt/min). Adrenalectomy showed practically no influence on the dynamics of the
      LDH and AP activity. An increase in the activity of the AST and especially of the
      ALT in the serum of adrenalectomized rats after the trauma was considerably less
      than in the animals with the intact adrenal glands.

PMID- 1218256
TI  - [Dynamics of the amino acid composition of the medium during cultivation of
      isolated liver and kidney by the controlled perfusion method].
AB  - The dynamics of the medium amino acid composition was studied during a 6-hour
      perfusion of dog kidney and liver by a mixture of autogenic plasma and medium 199
      (a ratio of 2 : 3). In comparison to the initial level the amount of histidine
      during 6-hour cultivation of the kidney was found to increase 2.2 times, that of
      glutamic acid--1.7 times, and of alanine and lysine--1.6 times. At the same time
      the amount of arginine, serine and asparagic acid became 3.3 times and of
      glutamine and threonine--2.5 times lower. With the liver perfusion the level of
      glutaminic acid became 2.9 times, of alanine--2.3 times, of cystine--2 times and
      of glycine--1.5 times higher. With the liver perfusion the level of arginine
      decreased so rapidly that none was found in the medium after a 2-hour perfusion.
      The described method of amino acid analysis during the cultivation of the organs
      could serve as means for elaborating and correcting the culture media.

PMID- 1218257
TI  - [Hepatic chemoluminescence in mice following glucose administration].
AB  - The spectral composition of radiation of the liver after intravenous injections
      of glucose of different concentrations was analyzed. The UV component of the
      radiation was significant after a 15 mg dose; the doses of 5 and 50 mg gave only
      visible radiation. These data are considered as an indication of an essential
      role of unbalanced molecular constellations for the regulation of metabolic
      process of hepatocytes.

PMID- 1218258
TI  - [The effect of cocaine on the central action of noradrenaline].
AB  - Cocaine influence on the central action of noradrenaline was studied in
      experiments on rabbits by the method of impulse summation. Cocaine was shown to
      increase the noradrenaline action of the central nervous system. Thus, cocaine
      intensified not only the peripheral effects of noradrenaline (this was known
      before), but its central action as well.

PMID- 1218259
TI  - [A pharmacologic analysis of several adrenomimetic effects of serotonin].
AB  - Contractions of the isolated rat vas deferens in response to the addition of
      serotonin could be explained by the release of catecholamines from the nerve
      endings. As shown by the use of D-, M- and T-antagonists of serotonin (LSD-25,
      indocarb, typindole), symatholytic--bretilium, alpha-adrenolytic--droperidol and
      imipramine, this effect was not associated with the direct activation of
      serotonin- and adrenoreactive receptors.

PMID- 1218260
TI  - [The mechanism of nonachlazine on cardiac activity and blood supply].
AB  - Nonachlazine (10 mg/kg intravenously) exerted a two-phase influence on the heart
      activity. The short phase of the weakening of the heart activity gave place to
      the intensive increase in the cardiac output and the contractility of the
      myocardium. An increase in the blood supply and heart activity coincided in time
      with the accumulation of the quantity of noradrenaline and with increase in the
      phosphorylase "a" activity. Beta-adrenoblockers prevented the development of the
      effect in question. It is assumed that the efficacy of nonachlazine during
      ischemic heart disease was connected with its capacity to activate the adrenergic
      mechanisms of the glycogenolysis regulation leading to the switching of the
      myocardial metabolism to the anaerobic route of energy release.

PMID- 1218261
TI  - [The effect of striatectomy on retraining rats to an avoidance habit in a U
      shaped maze].
AB  - The capacity of rats to reversal learning changing of the direction of the
      avoidance response was determined in the Y-shaped maze. Four training sessions-
      each time in a new direction (to the right or to the left) for running were
      conducted in the course of one experiment. The results obtained in 4 groups of
      animals were compared: intact, with bi- and unilateral striatectomy and with
      bilateral destruction of the parietal cortex. The majority of the intact rats
      preferred running in the right direction. The character of the preference changed
      after striectomy: the rats ran more regularly in the direction at the side of
      which the striatum was injured more. Bilateral striatectomy also led to increase
      in the number of errors, to the increase in the latency and disturbance of a
      passive component of the avoidance response.

PMID- 1218262
TI  - [Prevention of cerebrovascular disorders with adrenergic substances].
AB  - The author suggests an experimental model of cerebrovascular disorders of the
      neurogenic (adrenergic) nature following the administration of KCl into the
      lateral ventricles of the brain of cats or dogs. Surgical desympathization
      considerably reduced the spasms of the cerebral vessels caused by the central
      effect of KCl. Dihydroergotoxin, phenoxybenzamine, tropaphene, guanethidine and
      nialamide produced both the therapeutic and the prophylactic influence under the
      mentioned experimental disorders of the cerebral circulation.

PMID- 1218263
TI  - [The mechanism of the diuretic action of chlorazicin].
AB  - Diuretic and natriuretic action of chloracizine in rats was not associated with
      its direct influence on the kidney and was accompanied by increase in the plasma
      volume, by a fall of the hematocrite index and of the total plasma proteins. A
      study of endogenous creatinine and of osmotic-free water clearance showed the
      diuretic action of chloracizine to be mainly due to the increase of glomerular
      filtration and to reduction of the relative proximal reabsorption.

PMID- 1218264
TI  - [A blocking factor in normal animal sera inhibiting immunologic reactions in
      vitro].
AB  - An extremely thermostable and resistant to some chemical substances factor was
      found in the sera of Wistar and noninbred rats of different age, male and female.
      This factor inhibited the action of normal and immune antibodies to rat
      erythrocytes and rat serum antigens. The blocking factor was relatively specific
      and more effective in respect to the normal antibodies than to the immune ones.
      The activity of the blocking factor was connected with the alpha1-globulin.

PMID- 1218265
TI  - [Characteristics of a specific antigen of burned skin].
AB  - Antisera received by hyperimmunization of rabbits with preparations of the high
      molecular proteins of burned and normal rat skin were studied in the
      precipitation reaction before and after the absorption with normal skin and sera
      proteins. The specific test-system displays a single visual precipitation line.
      After staining and densitometry the preparations were found to have many
      components, among which the specific antigen prevailed and other antigen-antibody
      complexes were present. The specific antigen of the burned skin had relatively
      weak immunogenic properties.

PMID- 1218266
TI  - [Homogenate factor of minks with Aleutian disease].
AB  - Antibodies to the factor present in the homogenate of the organs of minks
      experimentally infected with aleutian disease (AD) were revealed in the sera of
      minks with AD and also in the sera of humans suffering from systemic lupus
      erythematosus, hepatitis and cirrhosis, scleroderma and dermatomyositis. Sera of
      sick minks and humans failed to interact with control homogenates of the organs
      of healthy minks. In turn, sera of practically healthy minks and humans did not
      react with the AD-homogenate.

PMID- 1218267
TI  - [The carcino-embryonic antigen of experimental tumors of the intestine].
AB  - The occurrence of a tumour-specific antigen in the intestinal tumours (induced in
      51 albino rats by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine), as well as in
      the blood serum was studied by double immunodiffusion in agar gel. Intestinal
      tumours proved to contain a water-soluble antigen absent in other tissues,
      including the colonic mucosa of control animals. This antigen was found in 70 per
      cent of the tumour-bearing rats. The antigen is perchloric acid-solubilized and
      is also present in the embryonic tissues in toto on the 7th and the 9th days of
      rat gestation. The features of this antigen were analogous with those of the
      carcino-embryonic antigen in human digestive tract tumours.

PMID- 1218268
TI  - [Proliferative activity of Shvetz tumor following single and repeated
      irradiation].
AB  - Autoradiographic study of an experimentally-induced tumour following local
      irradiation in a dose of 600 rad showed no retardation of the cell cycle 6 to 12
      hours after the irradiation. Marked reduction of the mitotic index (MI) and of
      the labeled nuclei index (LNI) was noted to the 96th hour after the irradiation.
      In repeated irradiation in a dose of 1200 rad at an interval of 18 hours there
      was revealed a marked reduction of the MI and of the LNI as a result of the block
      of the passage of cells from the G1-period into S. However, restoration of the
      cell proliferation uas noted by the 24th-48th hours. A high MI revealed at all
      the periods of investigation after repeated tumour irradiation at an interval of
      24 hours was possibly caused by an increase in the time of mitosis proper, this
      also being confirmed by a significant accumulation of the number of late mitotic
      phases.

PMID- 1218269
TI  - [Diurnal changes in the duration of mitosis in rats].
AB  - The colchicine method was applied to the study of the 24-hour changes in the
      duration of mitosis in 45-day rats. The average diurnal duration of mitosis in
      the pancreatic epithelium, the liver and the epidermis of adult animals was
      almost half of that in the 7-day-old rats. Diurnal variations of the mitotic
      index in the investigated tissues could be due both to the variation in the
      mitotic rate and to that of the duration of mitosis.

PMID- 1218270
TI  - [Circadian variations in the response of corneal epithelial cells in mice to the
      effects of vinblastine].
AB  - A drop of a 0.2% vinblastin solution was applied to the eye cornea of mouse at 7
      a.m. and at 7 p.m. The cornea of the second eye of the same animal served as
      control (application of physiological saline). The animals were sacrificed three
      hours after the application. The results of two analogous experiments showed
      vinblastin application to cause more expressed statmokinetic reaction in the
      corneal epithelium in the evening than in the morning hours. The percentage of K
      mitoses was also higher in the evening.

PMID- 1218271
TI  - [An increase in hypothalamic sensitivity to the inhibiting effects of estrogens
      caused by use of L-DOPA, diphenine, epithalamin and phenformin in old rats].
AB  - Daily treatment of hemicastrated young rats with 0.57 mug of stilbestrol
      inhibited compensatory ovarian hypertrophy (COH) by 48% in the 3-month animals
      and by 3% only in the 18-month animals. Administration of L-DOPA, dilantin,
      epithalamin or phenoformin with the same dose of estrogen to old rats suppressed
      the COH by 65-98%. L-DOPA and epithalamin were effective when administered into
      the 3rd cerebral ventricle. A functional nature of the age changes in the
      hypothalamic sensitivity to the estrogen action is suggested.

PMID- 1218272
TI  - [Program of the International Center for Cancer Research: Epidemiological
      approach].
AB  - The development of the International Agency for Research on Cancer is discussed
      and its programme outlined. The programme of the Agency is largely directed to
      epidemiological studies which are co-ordinated with laboratory studies. The
      objective is to make use of geographical variations in cancer incidence as a
      means of identifying causative factors. The nature, and the difference between
      analytical and descriptive epidemiology, are discussed. The possible significance
      of industrial hazards in modern societies is reviewed. The epidemiological
      approach to the identification of the causation of cancer of the oesophagus and
      liver is summarized, as is also the possibility of applying epidemiological
      techniques to the study of host factors.

PMID- 1218273
TI  - [Cancer mortality in France. New Aspects of the presentation and analysis of
      data].
AB  - In France mortality statistics are the only complete source of information on
      cancer. Investigation of the annual figures and the application of statistical
      methods to their presentation and analysis has facilitated fresh studies of
      geographical pathology, utilizing methods of analysis with simple and multiple
      correlations (analysis of correlations). Certain groupings were thus revealed,
      notably in the case of death from bronchial carcinoma, urinary bladder and gall
      bladder. Two groups of departements appeared the nearest to the national levels
      for deaths from cancer for all body sites.

PMID- 1218274
TI  - [Age at the time of the first birth: a variable with simple, double, or triple
      significance in breast cancer studies].
AB  - I.--The inverse relationship of risk with parity is one of the earliest known
      features of the epidemiology of human mammary cancer. But recently knowledge of
      this relationship was refined when Mac Mahon and his colleagues found that the
      protective effect is actually correlated to the age of the mother at the first
      birth rather than to the total number of children, so that a woman who has a
      child before the age of 18 is one third as likely to suffer breast cancer in
      later life as a woman first delivered at 35. II.--A study was undertaken in the
      Centre Francois Baclesse on the hypothesis that age at first birth may also be
      related to the age of the patient at clinical onset of the mammary malignancy.
      One would expect to find a retardative effect of early delivery since this factor
      was found to be protective as far as mammary cancer risk is concerned. The
      conclusions of our investigations are in complete opposition to the original
      hypothesis: in our series, breast cancer appears to occur significantly earlier
      in women whose first delivery occurred early. III.--Thus the same process appears
      to be protective as far as total mammary cancer risk is concerned but
      accelerating as far as age at tumor onset is concerned. These apparently
      inconsistent observations led to the hypothesis that both studies might express
      the same biologic process which, in the case of early delivery, inhibits the
      mechanism of carcinogenic induction and therefore reduces the total number of
      cancer but which subsequently quickens the evolution of the inducted disease.
      Such a conjecture implies that breast cancer should be more severe following
      early first birth. The analysis of our series, as well as the series of Ontario
      Cancer Clinics, substantiates this hypothesis. But these conclusions are built on
      indirect proofs or direct proofs which are still short of statistical
      significance.

PMID- 1218275
TI  - [Preoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer. Description of a clinical trial
      record and first results].
AB  - The protocol of a clinical trial, studying the value of preoperative radiotherapy
      (RT) in operable breast cancer is described. Results are compared to those of 2
      control groups: patients treated either with surgery only or with surgery +
      postoperative RT. So far, in each of the 3 groups 250 patients have been entered,
      their total number being expected to reach about 350 per group. Two year results
      (on 209 evaluable cases) did not reveal any difference in survival between the
      groups, but a markedly lowered incidence of locally recurrent disease (from 16%
      to 4%) in the irradiated patients. No increase in mortality or metastasis was
      noted after RT. Side effects of RT were considered mild and not of such a degree
      as to necessitate its discontinuation.

PMID- 1218277
TI  - [Oncornaviruses and human leukemias].
AB  - This is a brief review on current progresses which appeared recently on the
      isolation of a putative human oncornavirus from human leukemic cells. There are
      strong arguments in favor of the existence of such an oncornavirus, both indirect
      (existence of viral nucleotide sequences and viral proteins in human leukemic
      cells), and direct (isolation of a Type-C virus from in vitro cultures of human
      leukemic cells).

PMID- 1218276
TI  - [Application of technics for the hybridization between nucleic acids in
      Oncornavirus research].
AB  - The RNA-dependent DNA polymerase of oncornaviruses is a very useful tool for
      synthesizing DNAs complementary to the viral genomes. These probes have been
      successfully utilized during the last years to detect viral sequences in the DNA
      or RNA of virus producing or non-producing cells. The results obtained at the
      present time lead to a better understanding of the molecular events of virus
      replication and transformation by oncornaviruses. The same approach has been used
      to look for the presence of virus-like nucleotide sequences in various human
      cancers. Although promising results have been obtained, they do not establish
      that oncornaviruses are directly implicated in etiology of human cancers.

PMID- 1218278
TI  - The Rockefeller Archieve Center.

PMID- 1218279
TI  - Operative treatment of acromioclavicular dislocations.
AB  - An operation has been described for the treatment of Type Three acromioclavicular
      dislocations. It is in this type of case that previous operative procedures have
      proved to be unreliable, and in which conservative management has resulted in
      cosmetic deformity and progressive disability. The procedure of coracoacromial
      ligament transfer has been performed since 1952, and is adaptable for both fresh
      and chronic dislocations. The technic is simple and direct, and the material
      needed is both available and almost always uninvolved. The stability produced,
      after either repair without resection, or repair with resection of the clavicle,
      leads to a strong, stable shoulder. If there is any doubt as to the integrity of
      the joint, resection of the clavicle is to be preferred. The results to date have
      been encouraging, and in the opinion of this author, warrant further trial of
      this procedure.

PMID- 1218280
TI  - Granular cell myoblastoma of the hand: report of three new cases with aggressive
      behavior in one.
AB  - Three cases of granular cell tumor of the hand are reported, with locally
      aggressive behavior in one. Ray amputation in the latter case has so far been
      successful in controlling the tumor. The literature on recurrent and
      metastasizing granular cell tumors is reviewed.

PMID- 1218281
TI  - Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis causing hip dislocation. Case report.

PMID- 1218282
TI  - Retained wound suction-drain fragment. Report of 7 cases.

PMID- 1218283
TI  - Motion of the hip joint.
AB  - It has been demonstrated that in the normal hip abduction to adduction motion of
      the femoral head in the neutral position is equivalent to internal to external
      rotation of the femoral head in the 90 degree flexed position. For similiar
      reasons external to internal rotation of the femoral head in the neutral position
      is equivalent to abduction to adduction motion in the 90 degree flexed position.
      Due to the architecture of the hip joint, therefore, the hip motion in some
      pathological conditions can be anticipated and explained.

PMID- 1218284
TI  - Glossary of eponyms: orthopaedic signs, lines, and tests.

PMID- 1218285
TI  - Study on the surface shape and contours of the femoral head and acetabulum of the
      human joint.
AB  - (1) The degree of change and degeneration of the surface of articular cartilage
      were classified into 6 stages and a distribution chart indicating 6 stages of
      classification was prepared for each case. (2) The construction of the
      superficial fine fibrous net-work of the cartilage of the weight-bearing area is
      different from that of the non-weight-bearing area. (3) The construction of the
      fiber underneath the surface of the acetabular cartilage is different from that
      of the surface of femoral head cartilage underneath. (4) When only weight-bearing
      part was compared, the degeneration at the upper anterior side was least for both
      femoral head and acetabulum and was most at the slightly posterior part of the
      upper outer side. (5) The fine fiber of superficial layer of the femoral head and
      acetabular cartilage were peeling from the periphery toward the center, but no
      difference of surface roughness was observed by way of measurement directions.
      (6) Surface roughness of the cartilage increases in proportion to the degree of
      degeneration and change. (7) The surface roughness of the acetabulum is about
      twice as large as that of the femoral head cartilage, this being due to the
      difference in the degree of degeneration. (8) There are 4 kinds of undulations at
      the surface of the femoral head cartilage. (9) Both femoral head and acetabulum
      have less waviness of large size at the part bearing large weight. (10) The
      contour of the femoral head as a whole is slightly ellipsoidal, whose
      longitudinal axis extends in a craniocaudal direction but the weight-bearing part
      is nearly circular. (11) The general contour of the acetabulum indicates an
      ellipsoidal shape with its craniocaudal longitudinal axis slightly inclined
      forward or backward. The contour of the slightly postero-upper part which is
      considered to be the maximum weight-bearing part is slightly flat ellipsoidal.

PMID- 1218286
TI  - Results of contact examination in Rotterdam, 1967-1969.

PMID- 1218287
TI  - The risk of tuberculous infection in Norway.

PMID- 1218288
TI  - The risk of tuberculous infection in Saskatchewan.

PMID- 1218289
TI  - The association of the risk of tuberculous infection with age.

PMID- 1218290
TI  - The yield from mass tuberculin testing of unvaccinated children and adolescents.

PMID- 1218291
TI  - Contacts of cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 1218292
TI  - [Study of ventilatory mechanics - its application to artificial ventilation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Study of ventilatory mechanics implies collection of input variables (stresses
      estimated by pressures) and output variables (strains), from which the parameters
      (compliance, resistance, etc.) of a model reproducing the functioning system can
      be computed. From this point of view, patients under artificial ventilation show
      a twofold difficulty: the one is the collection of variables, very difficult in
      consideration of the patients' precarious state, the other the type of  the
      model: the first order linear model, used for lack of better solution, can be
      criticized, on the one hand by severe pulmonary changes in these patients, and by
      the special mode of applying constraints during artificial ventilation on the
      other. All these facts explain the methodologic and theoretical difficulties
      encountered in ventilatory mechanics analysis in resuscitation, which actually
      leads to the expression of one parameter as representative of the pulmonary
      parenchymal elasticity: the static compliance, and to the determination of the
      balancing point of the system: the functional residual capacity.

PMID- 1218293
TI  - Monitoring of ventilation and lung mechanics during automatic ventilation. A new
      device.
AB  - A device that allows continuous monitoring and recording of expired minute
      volume, tidal volume, resistance, compliance, indices of hyperinflation and other
      measures of ventilation and lung mechanics during automatic ventilation is
      described. After connection to the ventilator (Servoventilator 900) with one
      cable it is operating without any calibrations or other measures. The calculation
      of expired minute volume is done in a new way that eliminates errors due to
      compression of gas in the connecting lines. Calculations of compliance is made in
      a way allowing measurements even in patients with hyperinflation. Expiratory and
      inspiratory resistance values are obtained. The indices of hyperinflation in
      terms of measured flow and estimated alveolar pressure at the end of an
      expiration are discussed. The problems and benefits associated with measurements
      in much obstructive patients are analyzed. A short study of the performance of
      the calculator is presented.

PMID- 1218295
TI  - [Intensive care units (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218294
TI  - [Circulatory and metabolic disturbances in accidental hypothermia (author's
      transl)].
AB  - This work sums up several studies: clinical observation (electrocardiogram,
      cardiac rhythm, circulatory state), and biology (glycemia, blood oxygenation,
      acid-base balance) in 24 cases of accidental hypothermia, not related to
      poisoning by central nervous system depressive agents; haemodynamics in 18 of
      these cases; pathology of the myocardium in 11 cases; haemodynamics and
      microscopy of the myocardium in dogs with slowly induced or prolonged
      hypothermia; finally an electron microscope study in hypothermic rats.
      Electrocardiographic study and continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythm and
      tracing show, in addition to well known manifestations (bradycardia, lenghtening
      of QT, J wave), acute dysrhythmias, particularly circulatory arrests by asystole
      during or even 72 hours after rewarming. The clinical haemodynamic changes,
      measurable (cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure), or
      computable (stroke volume, peripheral resistances) are observed during rewarming.
      Several haemodynamic developments can be distinguished: --favourable evolution
      when the initial disturbances (decrease in cardiac output and in stroke volume,
      increase in peripheral resistances) disappear without any therapeutic support: -
      haemodynamic developments showing at a certain time evidence of hypovolemia
      requiring only moderate vascular replacement; --haemodynamic developments showing
      myocardial damage. In some cases, only hypothermia accounts for these. In
      circulatory arrests during or after rewarming, these haemodynamic disturbances
      raise the hypothesis of severe cardiac changes due to hypothermia itself.

PMID- 1218296
TI  - Editorial: Radiology now. Which? On radiation.

PMID- 1218298
TI  - Pulmonary infarction complicating the use of Swan-Ganz catheters.
AB  - Since the introduction of Swan-Ganz (flow-directed balloon-tipped) catheters, in
      1970, relatively few serious complications have been reported. This report
      summarizes three cases of pulmonary infarction secondary to indwelling Swan-Ganz
      catheters. Two were due to wedging of the catheter and one probably to
      embolization or extension of thrombus from the tip of the catheter. The
      radiologist should be aware of this complication, as he is in an excellent
      position to first make the diagnosis.

PMID- 1218297
TI  - Bone scan in chronic dialysis patients with evidence of secondary
      hyperparathyroidism and renal osteodystrophy.
AB  - Bone scans in 13 of 14 patients on chronic dialysis were found to be abnormal.
      Symmetrical increased activity was noted in the calvarium, mandible, sternum,
      shoulders, vertebrae, and the distal aspects of the femur and tibia, as well as
      the patella. The scan abnormality is felt to be most likely the result of
      secondary hyperparathyroidism because of clinical and laboratory data, and, in
      four, confirmatory tissue diagnoses. The scan findings support the data of some
      earlier investigations on bone isotopic accretion in hyperparathyroidism.
      However, co-existing osteomalacia giving rise to abnormal activity in some of the
      patients cannot be excluded. Dihydrotachysterol may have minimized the extent of
      osteomalacia in these patients. Osteoporosis was probably present in some
      patients, but it appears differently on scan. Osteosclerosis was not detected on
      radiographic examination. Scan manifestations, especially mandibular activity,
      were pronounced and appeared earlier than the radiographic changes. The degree
      and extent of abnormal activity correlated with the length of dialysis and the
      level of alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 1218299
TI  - External radiotherapy and radioiodine in the treatment of 359 thyroid cancers.
AB  - Between 1943 and 1965, 359 patients with carcinoma of the thyroid were treated by
      external radiotherapy or radioiodine out of a total number of 560 patients
      treated during the same period. In 65 of these patients surgery had been
      satisfactory from a macroscopic point of view. Prophylactic post-operative
      irradiation was given to 55 and the survival rate was 91 per cent at five years
      and 85 per cent at ten years. Ten received radioiodine, eight were alive at five
      years and six at ten years. In 95 patients excision of the tumour had been
      macroscopically incomplete. Fifty-four were treated by external radiotherapy and
      the survival rates were 50 per cent at five years and 48 per cent at ten years.
      For the differentiated carcinoma of this group 68 per cent were surviving at five
      years and 58 per cent at ten years. Of 41 patients treated with radioiodine, 75
      per cent were surviving at five years and 31 per cent at ten years. Eighty-five
      patients were inoperable. Sixty were treated by external radiotherapy, the
      survival rates were 17 per cent at five years and 8.5 per cent at ten years. For
      the differentiated carcinomas of this group the survival rates were 24 per cent
      and 18 per cent. Twenty-five were treated with radioiodine, 26 per cent were
      surviving at five years and 4.5 per cent at ten years. The patients treated by
      external radiotherapy can be divided into two subgroups according to the
      technique of treatment and dose used. Between 1943 and 1955, patients were
      treated with conventional X rays (mean applied dose 2,800 rads), between 1956 and
      1965 the patients were treated with 60Co (mean applied dose 5,000 rads). For the
      45 patients of the first group, the survival rates were 35 per cent at five years
      and 32 per cent at ten years. For the 124 of the second group the respective
      survival rates were significantly higher: 60.6 per cent and 53 per cent. The
      results of external radiotherapy were similar to those of radioiodine at five
      years and better at ten years. In conclusion, a dose of 5,000 to 6,000 rads
      delivered by megavoltage external radiotherapy in five to six weeks, is well
      tolerated and effective mostly in differentiated carcinomas and medullary
      carcinomas. The survival rates of 64 patients whose metastases were unable to
      pick up iodine is practically zero at five years. For 68 patients with uptake in
      their metastases the survival rates were 53 per cent at five years and 23 per
      cent at ten years. The survival rate in patients with pulmonary metastases was
      higher than in patients with bony metastases (75 per cent versus 44 per cent at
      five years and 42 per cent versus 8 per cent at ten years.

PMID- 1218300
TI  - Damage and recovery assessment of the mouse jejunum to abdominal X-ray and
      adriamycin treatment.
AB  - The influence of adriamycin on the post-irradiation proliferative response of the
      mouse jejunum was examined. Doses of either 5 or 10 mg/kg of adriamycin
      administered immediately after abdominal irradiation reduced the LD50/7 days by
      300-400 R. Neither dosage of the drug reduced the number of surviving crypts, as
      measured by the crypt isolation and microcolony techniques, for a given radiation
      exposure. However, both drug dosages reduced the amount of post-irradiation
      compensatory hyperplasia, as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation.

PMID- 1218301
TI  - Application of the Weibull distribution to some instances of cell survival; of
      neoplastic survival, and of ageing.
AB  - The Weibull distribution has been applied to several processes of survival with
      either increasing, decreasing or constant hazard rate. In cases of survival where
      shoulder and exponential segments have been postulated the Weibull distribution
      seems to fit them.

PMID- 1218302
TI  - Scanning techniques in grey-scale ultrasonography.

PMID- 1218303
TI  - A simple approach to grey scale echography.
AB  - The use of grey scale echography may be advantageous in some diagnostic
      situations, e.g. liver investigations. The effects on the recorded grey scale of
      different types of signal processing in conjunction with various settings of the
      brilliance control were investigated using a standard ultrasonic machine. The
      most satisfactory results were obtained when operating at a high baseline
      brilliance and modulating the display with signals proportional to the echo
      amplitude. A series of comparative pictures are shown to demonstrate these
      effects.

PMID- 1218304
TI  - A technique for using low melting point alloy for individual patient shielding in
      radiotherapy.

PMID- 1218305
TI  - The Stanford "bite-block", a head-immobilization accessory.

PMID- 1218306
TI  - A table for the rapid determination of RET and TDF values.
AB  - A table has been devised to allow rapid determination of the RET and TDF values
      for five-day a week therapy schemes which might be included in realistic
      treatment planning. 2. The table allows easy comparison of the RET and TDF values
      for different fractionation schemes or, conversely, the devising of equivalent
      fractionations for similar RET and TDF values. 3. Utilizing the decay tables of
      Orton and Ellis, it is possible to utilize the table for determining rapidly the
      total TDF for interrupted or split course treatment regimens. 4. In those
      departments which treat four days, rather than five days, per week, a table
      devised on the four-day treatment schedule could easily be devised.

PMID- 1218307
TI  - Ring calcification in a bladder phaeochromocytoma.

PMID- 1218308
TI  - Enlarged sella turcica associated with a rare vascular anomaly.

PMID- 1218309
TI  - Grey-scale ultrasound imaging: diagnosis of metastatic secreting
      cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary.

PMID- 1218310
TI  - Congenital syphilis diagnosed in utero.

PMID- 1218312
TI  - Proceedings: The radiological demonstration of the surface pattern of the
      stomach.

PMID- 1218311
TI  - Proceedings: Experiences with a physiological test meal.

PMID- 1218313
TI  - Proceedings: Ischaemic ulcers of the stomach.

PMID- 1218314
TI  - Proceedings: Scanning and planning--help or hindrance?

PMID- 1218315
TI  - Proceedings: Scanning as an  aid to the management of thyroid carcinoma.

PMID- 1218316
TI  - Proceedings: Some aspects of 70 and 100 mm radiography during fluoroscopic
      procedures.

PMID- 1218317
TI  - Proceedings: Bone scanning using radioactive strontium and polyphosphates.

PMID- 1218318
TI  - Proceedings: Brain scanning, including transverse section technique, as an aid to
      treatment planning.

PMID- 1218320
TI  - Proceedings: Parasitic arterial supply to renal carcinoma.

PMID- 1218319
TI  - Proceedings: The current status of gallium 67 scanning.

PMID- 1218321
TI  - Proceedings: Some aspects of liver scanning.

PMID- 1218322
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of contrast media on normal and inflamed canine venous
      endothelium.

PMID- 1218323
TI  - Proceedings: Double contrast arthrography in knee injuries.

PMID- 1218324
TI  - Proceedings: Methods of limiting irradiation in X-ray examination of the breast.

PMID- 1218325
TI  - Proceedings: Simple after loading techniques. 1. The Cambridge technique.

PMID- 1218326
TI  - Proceedings: Simple after-loading techniques 2. The Newcastle technique.

PMID- 1218327
TI  - Proceedings: Simple after-loading techniques 3. The U.C.H. technique.

PMID- 1218328
TI  - Proceedings: Clinical radiobiology of low dose-rate irradiation.

PMID- 1218330
TI  - Proceedings: The advantages of low dose-rate.

PMID- 1218329
TI  - Proceedings: Low dose-rate: the poor man's neutrons.

PMID- 1218331
TI  - Proceedings: Cumulative radiation effect in the assessement of moulds, implants
      and insertions.

PMID- 1218332
TI  - Proceedings: Relative biological efficiency--a simple method for comparing dose
      regimes.

PMID- 1218333
TI  - Letter: Ultrasonic irradiation of bean roots and the influence of exposure
      parameters.

PMID- 1218334
TI  - Letter: Gamma camera field uniformity correction.

PMID- 1218335
TI  - Scintigraphic diagnosis of acoustic neurofibromas.
AB  - Radioisotope brain scanning gave positive results in 57 out of 68 acoustic
      neurofibromas in three British neurosurgical centres. Acoustic neurofibromas over
      2 cm in diameter may be expected to give a positive scintigraphic result, and
      tumours of this size also erode the petrous bone. Since most are 3-4 cm in
      diameter, correlation between the results of petrous radiography and cerebral
      scintigraphy often permits a specific diagnosis of acoustic neurofibroma to be
      made. No other radiological investigation may be necessary preoperatively.

PMID- 1218336
TI  - Comparison of 125I-labelled fibrinogen uptake and venography in the detection of
      recent deep-vein thrombosis in the legs.
AB  - Both techniques were used to examine 72 legs, and agreed about the presence or
      absence of thrombus in 54 cases (72 per cent). In 41 legs both tests were
      positive and in 13 legs both tests were negative. In 16 legs the 125I fibrinogen
      test only was positive, and if the seven legs with clinical conditions known to
      increase fibrinogen uptake are excluded, there were nine legs (13 per cent) with
      an increased fibrinogen uptake in the calf and a normal venogram. In two legs the
      venogram only was positive, and in both cases there was evidence of clot
      retraction which suggested that the thrombus was more than a week old. The use of
      radio-opaque markers attached to the skin made it possible to compare the site of
      thrombosis detected by the two techniques and the results of this comparison
      indicate that the fibrinogen test underestimated the extent of femoral vein
      thrombosis in a significant proportion of cases. (p less than 0-001).

PMID- 1218337
TI  - Demonstration of abnormalities of the lens by echography.
AB  - A demonstration of the B-scan echographic appearances of some commonly
      encountered lens abnormalities is presented. Examples of intumescent, traumatic
      and calcified cataracts, congenital and traumatic displacements and other
      abnormalities are shown. The significance of these findings is discussed and the
      importance of pre-operative ultrasonic examination of the patient for cataract
      extraction to exclude vitreous or retinal pathology is stressed. The value of
      echographic examination in traumatic cases, where vitreous haemorrhage has
      occurred, in the demonstration of intraocular abnormalities, such as retinal
      detachment or a non-radio-opaque foreign body is also discussed.

PMID- 1218338
TI  - Ultrasonic investigation of inferior vena-caval obstruction.

PMID- 1218339
TI  - Osteitis pubis in renal failure simulating chondrosarcoma.

PMID- 1218340
TI  - Multiple adenomas of the thyroid occuring 20 years after successful radiotherapy
      for neuroblastoma in the cervical lymph-nodes.

PMID- 1218343
TI  - Letter: Specification of gamma-ray brachytherapy sources.

PMID- 1218341
TI  - The ultra-uterine demonstration of duodenal atresia by ultrasound.

PMID- 1218342
TI  - Submandibular sialography: an unusual complication.

PMID- 1218345
TI  - Letter: Radioisotope section scan versus E.M.I. scan.

PMID- 1218344
TI  - Letter: Image quality and radiation in mammography.

PMID- 1218346
TI  - Letter: Gain instability of scintillation detectors and consequences for dynamic
      tracer studies.

PMID- 1218347
TI  - Letter: Recording and storage of ultrasonic grey-scale images with a scan
      converter.

PMID- 1218348
TI  - Letter: Angiographic findings of a choledochal cyst.

PMID- 1218349
TI  - Letter: Terminology in radiation protection.

PMID- 1218350
TI  - Letter: The radiography of polymethyl methacrylate (perspex).

PMID- 1218352
TI  - Letter: Radiology and the community.

PMID- 1218353
TI  - Proceedings: The relationship between iso-effect dose and overall irradiation
      time in an organized tissue.

PMID- 1218351
TI  - Letter: Early effects of x-irradiation on central nerve fibres.

PMID- 1218354
TI  - Target-type models for survival curves.

PMID- 1218355
TI  - Proceedings: Over-repair in a desmid Closterium moniliferum.

PMID- 1218356
TI  - Radiation dosage to the breast in well-women screening surveys.
AB  - The D.H.S.S. is supporting research in several centres to determine the
      feasibility of establishing a nationwide Breast Cancer Screening Programme. This
      paper answers the questions "What is the radiation dose produced by mammography,
      and is it safe?". In the context of well-women screening surveys a maximum skin
      dose of 2 R has been recommended. The variation of dose across the breast surface
      is recorded and the reasons for this enumerated. The lowest mean dose recorded
      with industrial quality film was 4-9 R, so that such fine-grain film cannot be
      used for this purpose. Doses within the recommended safety limit are achieved by
      the use of vacuum-packed film-screen combinations. The new rare-earth phosphor
      screens produce the lowest dose (0-2 R). There was no significant gonad dose. It
      is concluded that mammographic examination of well-women can be performed at safe
      radiation levels.

PMID- 1218357
TI  - Film and xeroradiographic images in mammography. A comparison of tungsten and
      molybdenum anode materials.
AB  - Methods of comparing mammograms produced by radiation derived from tungsten and
      molydenum anodes are described. In film mammography better images were obtained
      using molybdenum radiation. In xeromammography images of equal quality were
      produced by either technique. However, the dose required for good xeromammography
      using a molybdenum source was significantly higher than for tungsten.

PMID- 1218358
TI  - Deformity of the labyrinth and internal auditory meatus in congenital deafness.
AB  - In congenital deafness it is important that the radiological examination should
      exclude any deformities of the bony labyrinth or internal auditory meatus as well
      as demonstrating lesions of the middle and external ears. Radiological assessment
      of inner ear abnormalities should be used as a guide both to the feasibility of
      reconstructive surgery to the middle and external ears and for the future
      training of the child. Inner ear abnormalities demonstrated by tomography in 56
      patients are discussed in relation to the cochlea function. The importance of
      demonstrating the central bony spiral of the cochlea and of assessing the size
      and shape the internal auditory meatus is stressed.

PMID- 1218359
TI  - Amniography in the early diagnosis of hydatidiform mole.
AB  - In 16 patients with suspected hydatidiform mole the diagnosis was readily
      confirmed by amniography. A characteristic honeycomb pattern was seen in all
      cases. Opacification of the pelvic and ovarian veins was observed in 11 patients,
      four of whom also showed an excretory urogram. No complications occurred. We
      conclude that amniography is a simple, safe and reliable method of establishing
      the diagnosis in clinically suspected cases of hydatidiform mole. Amniography
      should be considered: (1) as a primary procedure where facilities for ultrasonic
      investigations and for chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) determinations are not
      available, or (2) when ultrasonic examination and the HCG levels are equivocal.

PMID- 1218360
TI  - The layered pyelogram in hydronephrosis.
AB  - Fifty patients were studied with erect films at excretory urography. Twenty-eight
      had hydronephrosis, bilateral in two cases; a total of 30 hydronephrotic kidneys
      were therefore investigated. Thin layers of contrast medium were shown in the
      dilated calyces in 29 of the 30 kidneys. The layered pyelogram is a simple,
      sensitive urographic sign of hydronephrosis, which may be demonstrated in the
      absence of a discernible pyelogram in the routine film or tomograph. The basis of
      layering has been investigated by simple experiments. Since the layered pyelogram
      may be the only urographic evidence of a poorly excreting hydronephrotic kidney,
      erect films should be routinely used at excretory urography when this condition
      is to be diagnosed or excluded.

PMID- 1218361
TI  - Percutaneous antegrade pyelography in small infants and neonates.
AB  - Percutaneous antegrade pyelography is a safe and useful alternative to retrograde
      pyelography in the investigation of urinary-tract malformations in the neonate or
      very young infant. It is preferred to arteriography in the infant with a loin
      mass. Satisfactory delineation of hydronephrosis or cysts is simply and directly
      accomplished by this method, so that more complex and less definitive
      investigations can often be avoided. In addition, a variety of ureteric
      abnormalities may be displayed.

PMID- 1218362
TI  - Renal compensatory hypertrophy in the adult.
AB  - Compensatory renal enlargement was assessed in 19 adult patients who either had a
      nephrectomy (17 cases) or developed a functionless kidney following obstruction
      (two cases). Hypertrophy of the healthy kidney was assessed by comparing renal
      size on urography before and after removal or destruction of the diseased kidney.
      Compensatory renal enlargement was demonstrated in 40 per cent of the patients,
      including two patients in their sixties. The average increase in length was 3 per
      cent and the maximum increase in length was 9 per cent. Therefore compensatory
      enlargement does occur in adult life, but is much less than that occurring in
      childhood. The presence of a hypertrophied adult kidney over 17 cm in length
      usually indicates that the contralateral renal disease was present in childhood.

PMID- 1218363
TI  - A comparative study of special petrous views and tomography in the diagnosis of
      acoustic neuromas.
AB  - A review is presented of the value of special petrous views and tomography in 56
      patients with acoustic neuromas. Ninety-two per cent of these patients showed
      abnormality of the petrous bones. Tomography was found to be only slightly more
      productive than special plain film views of the petrous pyramids in terms of
      positive diagnosis, and it gave rise to an increased incidence of false
      positives. For this reason, and to reduce unnecessary exposure, it is recommended
      that tomography of the internal auditory canals should be considered only after a
      careful study of adequate plain radiographs, which may themselves be diagnostic.
      In 73 per cent of the patients in this series the diagnosis could be made with a
      single slit perorbital projection.

PMID- 1218364
TI  - Gonorrhoea of the throat at a venereological clinic. Incidence and Results of
      Treatment.
AB  - Among 3,271 consecutive cases of gonorrhoea seen during the years 1971 to 1974,
      the incidence of tonsillar gonorrhoea was 3-6% in men and 5-8% in women. Oro
      genital intercourse was admitted by 34% of men and 33% of women. Among these
      patients the incidence of tonsillar gonorrhoea was 7% in men and 16% in women.
      Only two cases of gonococcal septicaemia were seen, and there were no other
      complications. Few patients experienced symptoms from the throat. Tonsillar
      cultures was positive on the first examination in only 74%, it was negative until
      after single-dose treatment had been given in 18%.

PMID- 1218365
TI  - Amoxycillin in the treatment of gonorrhoea.
AB  - A series of 162 patients with uncomplicated genital gonorrhoea was assessed after
      single-dose treatment with 3 g. amoxycillin. This seems to be an acceptable
      method of treatment, resulting in clearance rates in both male and female
      patients of 99 and 95% respectively at the first follow-up. The default rates on
      follow-up over a 4-week period are also shown.

PMID- 1218366
TI  - Letter: Single dose penicillin therapy.

PMID- 1218367
TI  - Observations on radiation myelopathy.
AB  - Three cases of radiation myelopathy are reported. Corticosteroid therapy was
      associated with worth-while remissions in 2 patients. Two patients showed
      swelling of the spinal cord in myelograms and in one it extended below the
      irradiated part of the spinal cord. Demyelination of the dorsal white columns of
      the spinal cord unaccompanied by vascular abnormality was seen below the
      irradiated part of the cord. It is suggested that radiation damages the
      endothelial cell barrier of capillaries and arterioles after a latent interval.
      Proteinous oedema fluid spreads through the white matter from the capillaries and
      also into the arteriolar walls narrowing these vessels enough to cause local
      ischaemia and infarction. It is further suggested that apart from ischaemia and
      infarction myelin is also damaged by poor nutrition associated with oedema fluid,
      and that radiation damage to oligodendroglial cells is not the cause of this
      additional demyelination in patients with radiation myelopathy.

PMID- 1218368
TI  - An assessment of the accuracy of computerized transverse axial scanning (EMI
      scanner) in the diagnosis of intracranial tumour. A review of 366 patients.
AB  - The computerized transverse axial (CTA) scans of 366 patients with intracranial
      tumours and 267 patients without tumours, but with similar presenting features,
      were analyzed. In all cases the definitive diagnosis was established either by
      histological or neurological methods. Most tumours were found to be of low tissue
      density, but a gradation from low through normal to a high density appearance was
      recognized. Tissue density enhancement with sodium iothalamate was achieved in 63
      9% of supratentorial and 62-4% of infratentorial tumours, and usually allowed a
      more accurate determination to be made of the boundary between the tumour and the
      surrounding oedema. The accuracy of the CTA scanner as a screening technique was
      found to be 96%, this being superior to either clinical evaluation or rectilinear
      isotope scanning. When assessed on the basis of structural abnormalities
      demonstrated in the same groups of patients, the CTA scans enabled a diagnosis to
      be made or a lesion excluded in 92-3% of the patients, a figure which bears
      comparison with arteriography and pneumo-encephalography. It is anticipated that
      the simplicity and superior sensitivity of the system should decrease the
      necessity for invasive techniques such as angiography and pneumo-encephalography
      in the future.

PMID- 1218369
TI  - Carotid artery thrombosis, encephalitis, myelitis and optic neuritis associated
      with rubella virus infections.
AB  - The clinical, virological and pathological findings in 5 patients with
      neurological complications associated with rubella virus infection are described.
      The neurological illnesses began four to ten days after the rubella illnesses.
      The patients were all males aged between 6 and 17 years and were diagnosed during
      one non-epidemic year in a population of 1-5 million people. All the patients had
      rubella specific IgM in their sera. Two patients had no rash. In one of the
      patients who died, left internal carotid artery thrombosis and cerebral
      infarction were found at post-mortem. Rubella virus antigen and particles
      resembling rubella virus were found in the brain together with IgG and IgM in the
      same areas. This patient also had extensive liver necrosis. The other patient had
      a severe meningomyelitis and radiculitis and he recovered completely after two
      years. His serum rubella antibody rose significantly and was shown to leak into
      CSF during the acute stage of his illness. Three patients had a rash. Two of
      these patients had encephalitis: one recovered completely and the other had
      residual disability. The third patient had bilateral optic neuritis from which he
      recovered completely. Rubella specific IgM was, however, present in his serum for
      the abnormally long time of twenty-eight weeks indicating possible persistence of
      rubella virus.

PMID- 1218370
TI  - Pure pan-dysautonomia with recovery. Description and discussion of diagnostic
      criteria.
AB  - The patient described in this report appears to have had a unique, severe, pure
      pan-dysautonomia, and has been investigated in sufficient detail to specify
      precisely the disorders of functions subserved by the autonomic nervous system.
      Though we cannot rule out the possibility of an unknown autonomic toxin, we have
      no evidence for it and suggest that our patient's disorder be considered an acute
      polyneuritis, restricted to the autonomic system. Comment is made on tests of
      autonomic dysfunction and on the reliance which can be placed upon the results.

PMID- 1218371
TI  - Polymyositis: its presentation, morbidity and mortality.
AB  - A survey of 118 patients seen in the last twenty years in Newcastle upon Tyne
      forms the basis of this report. All of these 118 patients fulfilled clearly
      defined clinical, electrophysiological and pathological criteria for the
      diagnosis of polymyositis: muscle pain, weakness and characteristic EMG and/or
      muscle biopsy 55%; and characteristic muscle biopsy 17%; muscle weakness and
      characteristic EMG 7%; muscle weakness and pain, and raised serum CK activity in
      an established collagen-vascular disease 5%. A smaller group of 25 patients were
      selected in whom the clinical characteristics, EMG, muscle biopsy and serum
      enzyme levels were all completely diagnostic of polymyositis. The patients were
      followed for two months to twenty-six years, with a mean follow-up duration of
      six years. Analysis was made of the features at presentation and during the
      course of the illness, and of prognostic factors bearing upon the disability,
      response to treatment and mortality. Cases were classified according to the
      system of Rose and Walton (1966). Groups I, II, and III each constituted
      approximately one-third of the total cases, while only 8% of all cases were
      associated with carcinoma. The female to male ratio was 1.4:1. Though cases were
      seen in all age groups, the largest number was in the sixth decade. The
      sedimentation rate was raised in 55% of cases. Electromyography was
      characteristic of polymyositis in 45% of cases, and in only 11% was it normal.
      The serum creatine kinase activity was raised in 64% of cases. There was no
      correlation between the extent of these abnormalities and the degree of weakness
      or disability. 65% of muscle biopsies had changes with inflammatory infiltration
      virtually diagnostic of polymyositis. 17% of cases had a normal muscle biopsy.
      Most of the patients (89%) were treated with high-dose prednisone therapy,
      commencing with 30-100 mg/day, gradually reducing to a maintenance dose of 5-15
      mg/day over two or three months. All clinical groups showed considerable
      improvement in average disability with time on "high dose" corticosteroid
      therapy, the maximum improvement occurring within the first three years. The
      degree of improvement in disability was considerably less in those inadequately
      treated, though the mortality rate was similar in the two groups. 66% of all
      survivors had essentially no functional disability at follow-up three or more
      years later, and in the majority of these cases the disease appeared to have
      burned itself out. 33% of cases had significant disability after three years, and
      in half of these the disease appeared to be still active.

PMID- 1218372
TI  - Pneumographic findings in the infantile autism syndrome. A correlation with
      temporal lobe disease.
AB  - Pneumoencephalographic findings are described in a group of 18 children who
      presented to us with a history of retarded language development and autistic
      behaviour disturbances. None had specific diagnosable neurological diseases nor
      gross motor disorders. PEG findings included, most prominently, pathological
      enlargement of the left temporal horn in 15 cases; some cases showed enlargement
      of both temporal horns or mild variable enlargement of the lateral ventricles,
      especially the left. Comparisons between infantile autism and recognized patterns
      of temporal lobe disease (especially Korsakoff syndrome and Kluver-Bucy syndrome)
      are drawn. We have suggested that medial temporal lobe dysfunction may be a major
      factor in the pathogenesis of the syndrome of infantile autism.

PMID- 1218373
TI  - Ischaemic optic neuropathy. The clinical profile and history.
AB  - The clinical situation of acute optic disc infarction in middle-aged and
      senescent patients is not uncommon, yet with the exception of those instances due
      to giant-cell arteritis, pathophysiological mechanisms remain obscure. In hopes
      of elucidating this syndrome, the clinical profile and natural history of 37
      cases of non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy were reviewed. For contrast, 13
      cases of arteritic optic neuropathy were surveyed. The salient features of
      idiopathic optic neuropathy may be summarized as follows: (1) the syndrome occurs
      primarily in 55-70-year-old patients who, for the most part, are otherwise well;
      (2) mild hypertension is present in about half of the cases, but does not
      determine a separate variant of the disorder; (3) there is no significant
      association with extracranial carotid occlusive disease; (4) over long follow-up
      periods there appears to be no increased incidence of stroke; (5) the syndrome
      should be easily recognized on clinical grounds, consisting of sudden or rapidly
      progressive monocular visual deficit associated with optic disc swelling, with
      stable visual defects of variable degree; (6) after an interval of months to many
      years, the second eye is involved in about 40% of cases (old optic atrophy
      coupled with contralateral fresh disc infarction may be confused with the Foster
      Kennedy syndrome); (7) no form of therapy has proved efficacious; (8)
      pathophysiological mechanisms remain speculative. It is the responsibility of the
      physician, be he ophthalmologist or neurologist, to distinguish the patient with
      occult arteritis (history, physical examination, sedimentation rate, arterial
      biopsy) and institute immediate high-dosage corticosteroid therapy. It is also
      incumbent upon the clinician to desist from unnecessary and unrewarding
      diagnostic procedures, in particular cerebral angiography, when confronted with
      an instance of non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy.

PMID- 1218374
TI  - Inflammatory myopathy in scapulo-ilio-peroneal atrophy with cardiopathy. A study
      of two families.
AB  - A syndrome of slowly progressive muscle weakness with scapulo-ilio-peroneal
      distribution and cardiopathy was identified in 26 members of two families.
      Inheritance was autosomal dominant. Onset of the disease was between 17 and 42
      years. Cardiopathy did not antedate skeletal muscle disease and patients had no
      symptoms of cardiopathy until a late phase of the disease. Initial ECG changes
      were non-specific, disturbances of conduction and impulse formation developed
      subsequently. Skeletal muscle biopsies showed neurogenic and myopathic changes
      with inflammatory cell reaction and perivascular cuffing. The combination of
      myopathy with neurogenic-like changes is characteristic of many cases of SPA. The
      inflammatory cell reaction is considered as part of a secondary polymyositis
      which is at leart partly responsible for muscle pathology.

PMID- 1218375
TI  - Intelligence and aphasia: performance of aphasics on Raven's coloured progressive
      matrices (RCPM).

PMID- 1218376
TI  - Immediate memory for word lists and sentences in a patient with deficient
      auditory short-term memory.

PMID- 1218377
TI  - A process model of repetition in aphasia: an investigation of phonological and
      morphological interactions in aphasic error performance.

PMID- 1218379
TI  - Comprehension of syntax in infantile hemiplegics after cerebral
      hemidecortication: left-hemisphere superiority.

PMID- 1218378
TI  - The retrieval of syntax in Broca's aphasia.

PMID- 1218380
TI  - Singing as therapy for apraxia of speech and aphasia: report of a case.

PMID- 1218381
TI  - The nature of internal speech in a patient with aphemia.

PMID- 1218382
TI  - A linguist looks at "A linguist looks at 'schizophrenic language'".

PMID- 1218383
TI  - The hereditary optic atrophies.

PMID- 1218384
TI  - Histochemical fibre types in human extraocular muscle.

PMID- 1218385
TI  - Ocular myotonia.

PMID- 1218387
TI  - [Allopathy, homeopathy and the general practitioner].

PMID- 1218386
TI  - Tables of diagnostic pupillary drug tests.

PMID- 1218389
TI  - Hyperlipidemia.

PMID- 1218388
TI  - [Hormonal surveillance in the 1st trimester of pregnancy].

PMID- 1218390
TI  - Effect of lysozyme on in vitro digestibility of protein from the biomass of
      Propionibacterium shermanii.

PMID- 1218391
TI  - Optimal conditions for in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of protein from the biomass
      of Propionibacterium shermanii by means of pronase.

PMID- 1218392
TI  - Recovery pattern of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) total activity changes induced
      with sulphur mustard in internal organ tissue and serum of rats.

PMID- 1218393
TI  - Colour mutation in wild boars and the physiological causes of mortality of the
      mutants in the population.

PMID- 1218394
TI  - Astaxanthin ester, a dominating carotenoid in Taenia saginata (Cestoidea).

PMID- 1218395
TI  - Immunological characteristics of proteins and enzymes from glandular secretions
      of particular segments of the reproductive organ in stallions.

PMID- 1218397
TI  - [Problems of idealogical education within the framework of the Czech Medical
      Society].

PMID- 1218396
TI  - Maculopathy as consequence of retinal detachment.

PMID- 1218398
TI  - [Activities of the Czech Medical Society since the last meeting of the Central
      Committee (November 15, 1974)].

PMID- 1218400
TI  - [Activities of medical associations].

PMID- 1218399
TI  - [Press commission report].

PMID- 1218401
TI  - [Prospects of drug production in the USSR].

PMID- 1218402
TI  - [Drug and its effects].

PMID- 1218403
TI  - [Particle size in suspension ointments with salicylic acid].

PMID- 1218404
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics--a foal of biopharmaceutical studies].

PMID- 1218405
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of protein-binding interactions].

PMID- 1218406
TI  - [Determination of drugs following chromatographic separation on a thin layer. I.
      Basic requirements. Methods of determination].

PMID- 1218407
TI  - [University education in pharmacy abroad and problems in modernization of the
      study. IX. Pharmaceutical education in Italy].

PMID- 1218408
TI  - [The Czechoslovak pharmacopoeia from the viewpoint of pharmaceutical practice
      (study of the draft of the Czechoslovak pharmacopoeia 4)].

PMID- 1218409
TI  - [Study of the draft of the chemical section of the Czechoslovak pharmacopoeia 4].

PMID- 1218410
TI  - [Proposal for the preparation and testing of the 99mTc-Sn-gluconate complex for
      renal scintigraphy. II. Simplified method].

PMID- 1218412
TI  - [Treatment of alcoholism during imprisonment at the Center of alcoholism
      Preventive Treatment in Prague].

PMID- 1218411
TI  - [Proposal for a simplified method of erythrocyte labeling using 99mTc for
      scintigraphy of the spleen].

PMID- 1218414
TI  - [Changes in symptomatology of neuroses (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218413
TI  - [Problems of validity of diagnosing the onset of mental disturbance (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1218415
TI  - [Strange woman as object of deviant male and biology of phases of sexual
      behaviour (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218416
TI  - [Evolution of documentation of calls at the Brno Centre of First Aid by telephone
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218417
TI  - [Therapeutic community in children's psychiatry (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218418
TI  - [Comparison in occurence rate of Australia antigen at Psychiatric Institutions
      Dobrany and Opava (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218419
TI  - [Some observations from the life of young toxicomaniacs (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218420
TI  - [Conditions and limits of group psychotherapy in old people particularly in the
      homes for the aged (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218422
TI  - [Problems of penal responsibility for schizophrenics].

PMID- 1218421
TI  - [Some aspects of current forensic psychology].

PMID- 1218423
TI  - [The influence of drugs upon central nervous system of old people (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1218424
TI  - [Problems of gerontopsychiatry].

PMID- 1218425
TI  - [Department for Treatment and Development of Personality (DTDP) in Warsaw].

PMID- 1218426
TI  - [Psychopathology of schizophrenia in children and adolescents in relation to
      psychopharmacotherapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218429
TI  - [Relation between the IHAVEZ and EPI tests comprehended as tools for recognition
      of subjective motivation for maladaptive behaviour (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218428
TI  - [Absence of the musculus palmaris longus in maniodepressive and endogenous
      depressive patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218427
TI  - [Treatment of phenylketonuria from the psychopatological aspect (preliminary
      study) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218430
TI  - [Practical experience with moditen therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218431
TI  - [Tesco courses in the treatment of pathological jealousy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218432
TI  - [A case of sodomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218433
TI  - [Clinical psychopharmacology in 1974. Part I].

PMID- 1218434
TI  - [Antocholinergic antiparkinsonic drugs in contemporary psychiatry (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1218435
TI  - Studies on lactams. V. Nucleophilic reaction of benzylpenicillin with lithiated
      compounds.

PMID- 1218436
TI  - Selective chemical alkylation of nucleotides with triethyloxonium fluoroborate.

PMID- 1218437
TI  - Studies on the synthesis of cardiotonic steroids. I. Efficient synthesis of
      cardenolides.

PMID- 1218438
TI  - Studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. DCXLI. A convenient synthesis
      of hexadehydroyohimbine and a total synthesis of yohimbine.

PMID- 1218439
TI  - L-beta-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)-alanine and L-beta-(3-hydroxyureido)-alanine from
      Streptomyces.

PMID- 1218440
TI  - The synthesis of C-21 substituted corticosteroids.

PMID- 1218441
TI  - Syntheses of potential antimetabolites. XX. Syntheses of 5-carbomethoxymethyl-
      and 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (the "first letters" of some anticodons)
      and closely related nucleosides from uridine.

PMID- 1218442
TI  - Studies on the saponins of the root of Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle. I.
      Isolation and the structure of platycodin-D.

PMID- 1218443
TI  - Letter: Use of new silylating agents for identification of hydroxylated steroids
      by gas chromatography-electron impact-mass spectrometry.

PMID- 1218444
TI  - Letter: Determination of vanilmandelic acid and homovanillic acid in urine by gas
      chromatography.

PMID- 1218445
TI  - A molecular orbital study on the effects of substituents on the proton transfer
      from ser-195 to his-57 in the hydrolysis of alpha-chymotrypsin.

PMID- 1218446
TI  - Inclusion compounds of non-steroidal antiinflammatory and other slightly water
      soluble drugs with alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins in powdered form.

PMID- 1218447
TI  - Application of liposomes to the pharmaceutical modification of the distribution
      characteristics of drugs in the rat.

PMID- 1218448
TI  - Maridomycin, a new macrolide antibiotic. XII. A simple quantitative analysis of 9
      propionylmaridomycin components.

PMID- 1218449
TI  - Effect of Ginseng extract on lipid and sugar metabolism. I. Metabolic correlation
      between liver and adipose tissue.

PMID- 1218450
TI  - Chemical structure and sweet taste of isocoumarin and related compounds. VI.

PMID- 1218451
TI  - Isolation and structure of a new active peptide xenopsin on rat stomach strip and
      some biogenic amines in the skin of Xenopus laevis.

PMID- 1218452
TI  - Syntheses of 15 alpha-hydroxyestrone and 15 alpha-hydroxyestradiol.

PMID- 1218453
TI  - Synthetic antibacterials. V. 7-substituted 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8
      naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids.

PMID- 1218454
TI  - Studies on antiandrogenic agents. Synthesis of 16 beta-ethyl-19-nortestosterone.

PMID- 1218455
TI  - Studies on novel type benzazocine. Syntheses and pharmacological properties of
      novel benzazocines.

PMID- 1218456
TI  - Synthesis of active forms of vitamin D. X. Synthesis of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin
      D3.

PMID- 1218457
TI  - Studies on the constituents of Himalayan ginseng, Panax pseudoginseng. II. The
      structures of the saponins (2).

PMID- 1218458
TI  - Lag time involved in the experiments on drug release from ointments.

PMID- 1218459
TI  - Rate of release of medicaments from ointment bases containing drugs in
      suspension.

PMID- 1218460
TI  - Letter: Simple method for repetitive blood sampling in a self-controlled design
      in the rat.

PMID- 1218461
TI  - Letter: Studies on peptides. Application of trifluoromethanesulphonic acid as a
      deblocking reagent to the synthesis of neurotensin.

PMID- 1218462
TI  - [Efficacy of local and general antibiotic therapy in osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1218463
TI  - [Prolonged use of dl-2(3-phenoxyphenyl)propionic acid in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1218464
TI  - [Retrospective study on a possible ototoxicity of tobramycin in the newborn
      infant].

PMID- 1218465
TI  - [Metabolism of a salicylic acid derivative after treatment with phenobarbital].

PMID- 1218466
TI  - [The Paltrinieri-Trentani hip-joint prosthesis: 5-year follow-up results].

PMID- 1218467
TI  - [Correlations between the radiographic and anatomical aspects of primary and
      secondary necrosis of the femur head].

PMID- 1218468
TI  - [Resection-endoprosthesis of the proximal humerus (indications and review of 37
      cases)].

PMID- 1218470
TI  - [Single stage derotative femoral osteotomy and tectoplasty in the treatment of
      congenital dislocation of the hip].

PMID- 1218471
TI  - [Treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip in children between 5 and 10
      years old. The Codivilla-Colonna operation].

PMID- 1218469
TI  - [Cartilaginous tumors of the skeleton of the hand (study of 112 cases)].

PMID- 1218472
TI  - [Tectoplasty, using the Chiari method, in dislocated hips in late childhood and
      adolescence].

PMID- 1218474
TI  - [The Viladot technic in the surgical treatment of flatfoot].

PMID- 1218473
TI  - [Perthes' disease: therapeutic concepts].

PMID- 1218475
TI  - [Outcome of obstetrical lesions of the femur].

PMID- 1218476
TI  - [Radiation-induced sarcoma].

PMID- 1218477
TI  - [Reaction of the bone- and soft tissues to implanted bone wax in the sheep].
AB  - 2,5 gr. of bone wax (Knochenwachs) were implanted in the iliac crest of 10 sheep.
      The induction of a foreign body reaction and chronic inflammation was proven
      demonstrable until the 12th week after implantation of the bone wax. In this
      period only partial resorption of the wax occurred simultaneously with
      significantly retarded osseous regeneration. From a clinical point of view it
      therefore seems necessary when using bone wax to pay particular attention to
      inflammatory reactions, reduced new bone formation and eventual occurrence of
      pseudo-arthrosis.

PMID- 1218478
TI  - [Hemobilia following liver injury].
AB  - A case of post-traumatic haemobilia is presented and the diagnostic and
      therapeutic aspects of this condition are discussed. In addition to
      coeliacography, spleno-portography and scan, retrograde endoscopic
      cholangiography is a valuable diagnostic technique. Treatment is operatively, by
      drainage and haemostasis of the affected area with liver resection or by ligation
      of the afferent arteries. In the case presented ligation of the left hepatic
      artery was successful.

PMID- 1218479
TI  - [Problem of intestinal compression due to retroperitoneal fibrosis].
AB  - Retroperitoneal fibrosis causes almost without exception ureteral stenosis,
      frequently vascular constriction but rarely intestinal obstruction. Of 17 cases
      reported in the literature, 14 showed a colon sigma stenosis and 3 an obstruction
      of the duodenum. The appearance of intestinal stenosis neither correlates with
      the duration of symptoms nor with the extent of retroperitoneal fibrosis. Of our
      own cases, 4 out of 48 patients with retroperitoneal fibrosis presented a colon
      sigma constriction; of 17 patients with retroperitoneal fibro-carcinomatosis 2
      had a stenosis of the sigma and one an obstruction of the duodenum. Discussed in
      reference to the literature and to two typical cases are difficulties in surgical
      intervention, the emergency situation of intestinal occlusion and the success and
      limitations of cortisone therapy for moderate intestinal constriction.

PMID- 1218480
TI  - [Incision and closure of the abdominal cavity in repeated surgery].

PMID- 1218481
TI  - [Prognosis of nerve injuries in humeral fractures].
AB  - The results of a follow-up study of 18 patients with closed fracture of the
      humerus and mostly primary nerve injury are described. Only 2 patients required
      operation upon injured nerves. Conservative treatment alone obtained a reasonable
      restitution of nerve function.

PMID- 1218482
TI  - [Compression syndrome in the fibular nerve].

PMID- 1218483
TI  - [Intraneural ganglion in the peroneal nerve].
AB  - Report of a case of an intraneural ganglion in the peroneal nerve. Reviewing the
      literature this rare case of peroneal nerve palsy is discussed. The therapy
      consists in an operative decompression of the nerve by excision or incision of
      the ganglion cyst.

PMID- 1218484
TI  - [Local postoperative complications after surgery of the cardia].
AB  - 602 patients had an operation on the cardia of stomach during 10-year period 1964
      1973 in the Surgical Department of Kiel University. In total there were 395
      operations without resection with a 9% postoperative complication rate opposite
      to 207 resections of the cardia with 38% complications. Here the primary
      lethality was 7% (14 patients). The complications of suture insufficiency and
      hemorrhage are demonstrated and their outcome checked up: 13 of 16 patients died
      of suture insufficiency (81%) and 8 of those 13 with hemorrhage (62%). Especially
      important for the successful treatment of suture insufficiency are early
      diagnosis, drainage of the area and closure of the leakage. A new technique of
      suture insufficiency treatment is reported: T-Drainage into the leakage. This has
      led to a lowering of the death rate.

PMID- 1218485
TI  - [Arterial embolism following hip-joint replacement].

PMID- 1218486
TI  - [Treatment of the vertical pelvic fracture (Malgaigne's fracture)].

PMID- 1218487
TI  - [An aid to surgical assistants in intervertebral disk surgeries].

PMID- 1218488
TI  - [Unusual complications during surgical intestinal support using the Miller-Abbott
      probe].

PMID- 1218489
TI  - [Miller-Abbott probe with temporary support].

PMID- 1218490
TI  - [Closed lifting-nailing of impacted fractures of the calcaneus. Percutaneous
      reduction under light amplification control].

PMID- 1218492
TI  - [Transplantation of the posterior tibialis in paralysis of the external popliteal
      sciatic nerve].

PMID- 1218491
TI  - [Compound and comminuted fractures of the femoral diaphysis: treatment by closed
      alignment nailing (62 cases)].

PMID- 1218493
TI  - [Osteoid osteoma].

PMID- 1218494
TI  - [Intestinal bypass in the treatment of severe obesity. Personal experience].

PMID- 1218495
TI  - [Aspects of drepanocytosis in a hospital milieu in Bangui (Central African
      Republic)].

PMID- 1218496
TI  - [Postoperative febrile jaundice after non-biliary abdominal surgery. Diagnositc
      and therapeutic problems apropos of 8 cases].

PMID- 1218497
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery of the esophagus].

PMID- 1218498
TI  - [Left paraduodenal hernias. Apropos of 3 further cases].

PMID- 1218499
TI  - [Congenital anomalies of the cystic duct and their surgical effects].

PMID- 1218500
TI  - [Excision of various villous tumors of the rectum by the trans-sacral approach
      and posterior rectotomy. Apropos of 11 cases].

PMID- 1218501
TI  - [Hemorrhagic leukocytosis].

PMID- 1218502
TI  - [Transplantation of the posterior tibialis through the interosseus membrane for
      paralysis of the anterior tibialis].

PMID- 1218503
TI  - Glycogen metabolism in muscle. The circadian influence on the in vitro model.
AB  - Hemidiaphragms isolated from normal mice were incubated in a glucose-rich medium
      and the glycogen increments induced by this procedure were determined at 04(00),
      08(00), 12(00), 16(00), 20(00) and 00(00) on different days. It was found that
      although the glycogen values were greater after the incubation than in the non
      incubated hemidiaphragms, the increments were different according to the time
      span studied. Thus, glycogen synthesis in muscle, even under in vitro conditions,
      undergoes circadian variation.

PMID- 1218504
TI  - Circadian modification of drug-induced teratogenesis in rat fetuses.
AB  - Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with hydroxyurea (750 mg/kg) or
      physiological saline on the 12th day of gestation. Hydroxyurea and saline
      (control) treated groups were each composed of six subgroups injected at
      consecutive 4-h intervals (i.e., group 1 at 00(00), group 2 at 04(00),...). All
      females were injected at the same circadian phase as they were mated. The
      developmental age of all fetuses was 288 +/- 2 hrs at the time of injection. The
      fetuses were taken by caesarean section on the 20th or 21st day of gestation.
      Teratogenesis was greatest when hydroxyurea was administered in the light phase
      (light-dark 12:12 cycle). Deformity rates correlate with motor activity, mitotic
      rates and DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1218505
TI  - Responses of the regressed ovary of the catfish, Heteropneustes fossils (Bloch),
      to interrupted-night photoperiods.
AB  - Interrupted-night photoperiod schedules were used to explore the possibility of
      the involvement of a ciradian rhythm in photosensitivity in ovarian recrudescence
      in the catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Interruption of the night of a basic
      short day (L/D 6:18) treatment by 1-h of light between 00(00) and 01(00) induced
      ovarian recrudescence which was significantly higher than that in the control
      group exposed to L/D 7:17. Scanning of the major part of the dark period (20(00
      05(00)) to determine the duration of the photo-inducible phase shows that the
      photo-inducible phase lies between 20(00) and 03(00) with a peak from 00(00) to
      01(00). Even 1-h of light in a regimen of L/D 1:23 presented between 20(00)
      21(00), 22(00)-23(00), 00(00)-01(00), 02(00)-03(00), or 04(00)-05(00), produced
      significant ovarian recrudescence with a peak between 22(00) and 23(00). These
      results provide a clear demonstration of the possible involvement of a circadian
      mechanism for photoperiod measurement in the catfish.

PMID- 1218507
TI  - Helping excessively shy patients to develop social skills.

PMID- 1218506
TI  - Chronobiology in mental retardation research: progress and prospects.
AB  - The premise of this review is that chronobiology, the science of biologic time
      structure and rhythms, is important in investigations concerning the etiology,
      mechanisms and effects of deficient mental adaptive development. Chronobiology is
      also shown to have potential importance in therapeutics and rehabilitation. Most
      of the information available now and supporting this wide-spread relevance of
      chronobiology relates to circadian rhythms, but physiological and behavioral
      rhythms having other cycle lengths also contribute. Recent findings in seven
      topic areas of chronobiology are reviewed with emphasis on facts and
      relationships actually or potentially important for consideration in mental
      retardation research. These are: 1) development of sleep and EEG patterns; 2)
      rhythmic susceptibility to seizures; 3) adrenocortical and dependent rhythms; 4)
      circadian rhythms in amino acids and biogenic amines; 5) rhythmic behaviors; 6)
      circadian rhythms in susceptibility and responses to drugs; and 7) circadian
      rhythms in human perception and performance.

PMID- 1218508
TI  - Drugs for herpes zoster.

PMID- 1218509
TI  - Long-term cardiac pacing.

PMID- 1218510
TI  - Viral infections and their mitigation in experimental immunosuppression.

PMID- 1218511
TI  - [The effect of apamine on the inflammatory process].
AB  - The authors examined the effect of apamine on rats, rabbits and guinea pigs with
      experimental inflammation. Apamine inhibited serotonine and dextrane oedema on
      the hind paw of a rat as well as the excudative reaction in inflammation, induced
      by Croton oil. Apamine manifested antiserotomine effect on an isolated ileum of a
      guinea pig. It inhibited the increase of haptoglobulin and mucoprotein in serum
      of animals with experimental inflammation.

PMID- 1218512
TI  - [Changes in the physiol working capacity of rats following splenectomy and
      autologous transplantation of part of the spleen].
AB  - The author made splenectomy on 15 rats, but on other 15 rats after splenectomy he
      performed autotransplantation of 1/3 of the spleen in omentum majus. All rats
      induced the duration of swimming for one month after the operation. Two months
      later the rats with autotransplantation received the duration of swimming, but
      the splenectomized rats were under the initial values with 27%. These results
      showed that auto-transplantation of a portion of the spleen assured the working
      capacity of the examined animals.

PMID- 1218513
TI  - [Vascularization of the myocardium in rats during various motor regimens].
AB  - The author examined the vascularization of the myocardium by impregnation of
      argirophil fibers according to Gomori in white rats, undergoing various motor
      regimens: 8 animals traned by running for a period of 90 days, 8 animals were
      moveless for 90 days, 8 animals trained for 90 days and then were moveless for 50
      days and 7 were controls. She compared the number of capilaries with the number
      of muscle fibers. There was statistically significant growth of the number of
      capillaries and their lumen was enlarged in the trained animals. There were no
      significant differences in the degree of vascularization of the myocardium in the
      moveless and control animals. In moveless animals after preliminary training the
      capillary bed of the myocardium was reduced and did not differ significantly from
      the control animal, but the lumen of all capillaries was still not reduced.
      Probably we could refer also the increase of the capillary lumen to the more
      stable adaptation changes together with the increase of the capillaries during
      raised functional requirements towards the myocardium.

PMID- 1218514
TI  - [Embryotoxic and teratogenic action of some pesticides].
AB  - The authors carried out experiments on white rats in order to evaluate
      embriotoxic and teratogenic effect of pesticides: cyneb, mneb, cypromate,
      basfungine, remrod, dipterex and bromex. The preparations were administered oraly
      as followed: 1) singly in the course of whole pregnancy in a dose of 1/2 LD50 and
      lower doses till finding single nonacting dose and 21 in the course of the whole
      pregnancy in doses rangling from the determined single threshold dose till
      finding minimal acting dose during multiple application and nonacting teratogenic
      dose under the same conditions. The authors examined the changes in some liver
      enzymic systems of the mother and fetus. It was established that there was raised
      actitity of LDH, A1Ph, AcPh, glucose -6-phosphat-dehydrogenase and HEA with
      degree differences in both examined categories - the mother and fetus. Single
      treatment of pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis induced anomalies
      in the development of the nervous system; of the skeletal system - facial
      cranium, extremities, tail as well as functional and biochemical changes. The
      authors determined teratogenically nonacting doses for single application: for
      cyneb - 1000 mg/kg; for maneb - 50 mg/kg and for cypronat - 250 mg/kg.

PMID- 1218515
TI  - [Structural characteristics and innervation of the aortic wall in roosters].
AB  - The structural characteristics and inervation of the aortic wall of domestic
      cooks was examined on fresh material from 20 species. The author examined the
      basic structural elements of the aortic wall by means of histological and
      impregnation methods. There were regional difference and peculiarities in the
      structure of the wall. In its larger part the aorta was described as a blood
      vessel of elastic type and only in the abdominal region was characterized as a
      blood vessel of transitory type. There were close interrelationships between the
      elastic membranes and smooth cells. Data were reported on the inervation and
      partly on vascularization of the aortic wall. Recertor formations and neuro
      cellular accumulations were discribed. An important element in the inervation of
      the aorta was the efferent nerve fibers, having attitude to the smooth muscle
      component and intramural vascular bed. The obtained results give an idea on the
      dependence and connection between structure, inervation and to a certain degree
      of vascularization.

PMID- 1218516
TI  - [The effect of heterologous duodenal content on the motor activity of the
      duodenum].
AB  - The authors carried out studies on 15 rabbits (9 controls and 6 experimental and
      examined the motor activity of the duodenum after infusing duodenal content from
      patients with clinicaly established diagnosis of chronic hepatitis at
      precirrhotic stage. The duodenal secretion obtained from the patients, was
      examined in advance and the activity of enterokinase and trypsin was determined.
      The obtained results showed that during infusion of saline or duodenal content,
      taken from healthy persons, the control group did not reveal any change in the
      motor activity of the duodenum. In the experimental group after infusion fo
      duodenal content, taken from patients with liver disease, there was a
      demonstrative inhibition of the motor activity of the duodenum after the third
      infusion in all trials. The motor activity was vot normalized for a period of 5-6
      hours. There was a reduction in the activity of the enzymes enerokinase and
      trypsin under the normal values in the doudenal content, taken from patients with
      chronic hepatitis before its infusion. This coincided with the literary data.

PMID- 1218517
TI  - [Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats on a normal and atherogenic diet].
AB  - The authors carried out experimental studies on four groups of experimental
      animals at various age and three groups of animals, fed with atherogenic diet
      according to O'Neal for a period of 4, 11 and 12 months. It was established that
      the level of serum lipids and lipoproteins underwent substantial changes in the
      period of sexual maturation. There was no difference between the adult and old
      animals. The sligh-test changes was found in cholesterol, but the level of
      triglycerides, esterified fatty acids and total lipids in old animals was even
      lower than of the adult animals. There was a tendency to an increase of all lipid
      fractions in the liver of old animals. Cholesterol and beta-lipoproteids were
      elevated in the aorta of the old animals. Feeding with atherogenic diet for 4
      months induced an accumulation of liver lipids without hyperlipidemia and
      hyperlipoproteinemia, but continuous feeding with atherogenic diet induced also
      manifested hyperlipidemia and hyperlipoproteinemia besides an increase in liver
      lipids. Morphologically in these animals there was an infiltration of peripheral
      parts of liver lobules as well deposition of sudonophil substances in
      subendothelial space of the aortic wall. Stopping of ah tero genic diet 20 days
      before killing of the experimental animals was enough to reduce significantly the
      level of liver lipids, but not that in serum and aorta. The most lasting changes
      underwent triglycerides respectively esterified fatty acids. The studies show
      that the ah terogenic diet cause characteristic changes in lipid and lipoproteid
      metabolism, which, however, are different from the changes, which occur with
      aging of the organism.

PMID- 1218518
TI  - [The effect of prolonged treatment of hypertensive rats with antihypertensive
      drugs of various actions on the arterial tension and noradrenaline level in the
      myocardium, brain and aortal].
AB  - The authors examined the changes in arterial blood pressure and the content of
      Noradrenaline in the myocardium, brain and aorta of rats with hypertension due to
      nephrectomy and treatment with desoxycorticosterone and NaCl, and after a chronic
      6-month treatment of hypertension with various antihypertensive means. The most
      significant reduction of noradrenaline in the three of the examined tissues was
      found in rats, which received dic. sulfyram (100 mg/kg per os). Clondine (10
      mkg/kg, per os) manifested the strongest hypotensive effect and lowered the level
      of noradrenaline in the myocardium, while it was raised in the aorta. Reserpine
      (10 mkg/kg, s. c) induced a clear reduction of Noradrenaline content in the
      brain, but an increase in the other two tissues. Insignificant hypotensive effect
      was observed in animals, treated with guanetidine (0.5 mg/kg, per os), which did
      not affect substantially noradrenaline in the examined organs. The increase of
      noradrenaline level was established in the three of the organs of animals,
      treated with alpha-methyl-DOFA (25 mg/kg, per os). Furosemide (1 mg/kg, s.c.)
      induced a statistically significant elevation of noradrenaline in the aorta, but
      was noneffective to noradrenaline in the myocardium and brain.

PMID- 1218519
TI  - Motor nerve function in some neurological syndromes in children.

PMID- 1218520
TI  - Quantitative electromyography. Difference between myopathic findings and
      neuropathic ones.

PMID- 1218521
TI  - Vectorelectromyographic investigations at high muscle activity.

PMID- 1218522
TI  - [Electromyographic comparison of muscle lengthening and shortening during to-and
      fro movements].

PMID- 1218523
TI  - A method for assessing the ankle jerk response electromyographically: preliminary
      results from patients with lumbar spinal disorders.

PMID- 1218524
TI  - [Hereronymous and unidirectional thenal H-reflex in man. Neurophysiologic study].

PMID- 1218526
TI  - Frequency amplitude relationship of signals in isometric surface electromyograms.

PMID- 1218525
TI  - The learning process for fine neuromuscular controls in skeletal muscles of man.
      VIII. Error of measurement and interindividual differences.

PMID- 1218527
TI  - [Clinical value of urinary determination of LH by the radioimmunoassay method].

PMID- 1218528
TI  - [Value of serum LH determination by the radioimmunoassay method in the diagnosis
      of male hypogonadism].

PMID- 1218529
TI  - [Estimation of free serum thyroxine by the Sephadex filtration method].

PMID- 1218530
TI  - [Serum insulin concentration following oral glucose loading in thyrotoxicosis and
      myxedema].

PMID- 1218531
TI  - [Ovarian hypoplastic syndrome (clinical, endocrinological and histological
      studies)].

PMID- 1218532
TI  - [Fertility of women with menstruation disorders following clomiphene treatment].

PMID- 1218533
TI  - [Behavior of histochemical reactions for some oxidoreductases and hydrolases in
      thyroid gland nodules in children].

PMID- 1218534
TI  - [Amino acid disorders in diseases of the genital system].

PMID- 1218535
TI  - [Estimation of the androgenic function of the adrenals and gonads in the course
      of hormonal therapy in some somato-genital disorders].

PMID- 1218536
TI  - [Histocytochemistry of some oxidoreductases in the gonads of patients with
      Klinefelter's syndrome].

PMID- 1218538
TI  - Evaluation of a proposed index of myocardial blood flow in dogs.
AB  - An index of myocardial blood flow developed from studies with a computer and a
      mechanical circulatory model has been investigated in 18 dogs. An intravenous
      injection of 131I is used with external scintillation detection over the left
      ventricle and the lung. The index is given by the ratio of the half time of the
      downslope of the curve recorded from the left ventricle to that of the curve
      recorded from the lung. This index has been compared with that suggested by Mena
      et al in which the left ventricular half time is compared with the half time of
      the brain curve. The effect on these indices and on the clearance of 133Xe of
      clamping the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery has been
      observed. Statistically significant differences in both indices and in Xenon
      clearance were seen to be induced by coronary artery clamping but there was
      overlap between the clamped and unclamped values. The method used for coronary
      clamping also affected the results.

PMID- 1218537
TI  - The changes in blood resistivity with haematocrit and temperature.
AB  - The temperature dependence of the resistivity of blood samples with haematocrits
      from 16 to 52.5% has been investigated over the temperature range of 22 degrees
      ot 40 degrees C at a frequency of 100 kHz. The resistivity of whole blood
      increased with an increase in haematocrit and a decrease in temperature. The data
      fitted the relationship: Pohm-cm=(6.272 Hct + 75.176) - (0.104 Hct + 1.467) tC
      weree Hct is the percentage haematocrit.

PMID- 1218539
TI  - A computer model and a mechanical model of the circulation and their use in the
      evaluation of indices of myocardial blood flow.
AB  - Computer and mechanical models of the circulation have been made to study
      isotopic techniques of determining indices of myocardial blood flow. Parameters
      in the program and dimensions in the mechanical model have been scaled to
      represent the human circulation. Single rapid injections of 131I labelled human
      serum albumen were given into the venous line of the mechanical model and records
      obtained from collimated scintillation detectors positioned over the heart, lung
      and brain. Similar injections and recordings were simulated in the computer
      model. Two indices of myocardial flow have been studied. The first, described by
      Mena et al. is the ratio of the half time of the downslope of the left
      ventricular curve to the half time of the downslope of the brain curve. This
      index distinguished myocardial flows of 0,5% and 10% of total cardiac output but
      was also affected by changes in cerebral flow. A new index is proposed in which
      the half time of the left ventricular curve downslope is related to the half time
      of the downslope of the lung curve. This index can distinguish myocardial flows
      of 0,5% and 10% total flow but is not affected by changes in cerebral flow.

PMID- 1218540
TI  - Distribution and some properties of cathepsin D in the retinal pigment
      epithelium.

PMID- 1218541
TI  - In situ reactivity of the retinal pigment epithelium. I. Phagocytosis in the
      normal rat.

PMID- 1218542
TI  - In situ reactivity of the retinal pigment epithelium. II. Phagocytosis in the
      dystrophic rat.

PMID- 1218543
TI  - Localization of (3H2)vitamin A in mouse retina.

PMID- 1218544
TI  - Hereditary retinal dystrophy in the rat: rhodopsin, retinol, vitamin A
      deficiency.

PMID- 1218545
TI  - Swelling of the lens fibers.

PMID- 1218546
TI  - Letter: A hypothetical model for the possible involvement of rhodopsin
      phosphorylation in light and dark adaptation in the retina.

PMID- 1218548
TI  - A forebrain lesion preventing imprinting in domestic chicks.
AB  - Newly hatched domestic chicks were subjected to bilateral aspiration lesions of
      the anterior, dorsal, posterior or lateral regions of the forebrain and then were
      reared separately with one of two types of imprinting object. Between 3 and 10
      days later they were tested for imprinting, pecking accuracy, visual looming and
      auditory startle responses. Lateral and dorsal lesion groups differed from a
      control group in the number of successful discriminations of their imprinting
      object and the lateral group was not significantly different from a random
      expectancy. All groups were impaired in pecking accuracy but the lateral group
      was the most severely affected. Looming responses and post startle freezing
      behaviour were reduced only in the posterior and dorsal groups which were also
      the least responsive in the imprinting tests. It was concluded that the lateral
      forebrain area is critically and specifically involved in the visual learning of
      imprinting being necessary for the discrimination of, but not for approach
      responsiveness to, imprinting objects.

PMID- 1218547
TI  - Correlation analysis of units recorded in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate
      nucleus.
AB  - Spike activity was simultaneously recorded from pairs of units consisting of both
      optic tract fibers and relay cells in the cat dLGN. The unit pairs were
      classified with regard to the types of receptive fields involved, the relative
      location of receptive fields, and their occular drive. Statistical dependencies
      between the discharge patterns of the simultaneously observed units were assessed
      by computing their auto- and crosscorrelogram during a period of maintained
      discharge. Two distinctly different types of statistical dependence were
      observed. Unit pairs having like and overlapping receptive field centers
      exhibited statistical dependencies manifested in their crosscorrelograms by a
      peak near the origin. Conversely, unit pairs having opposite and overlapping
      receptive field centers were characterized by a prominent valley in their
      crosscorrelograms near the origin. These statistical dependencies are inferred to
      represent functional interaction most probably occurring in the retina and
      characterized by a common element exerting an influence on both units.

PMID- 1218550
TI  - A quantitative study of the projection area of the central and the paracentral
      visual field in area 17 of the cat. II. The spatial organization of the
      orientation domain.
AB  - Cells in cat's area 17 respond optimally if elongated contrasts are presented at
      a certain angle or orientation with respect to the retina, or to the visual
      field, respectively (Hubel and Wiesel, 1962). The preferred orientation and the
      range of orientation sensitivity of cells in close proximity to one another have
      been determined in order to investigate the spatial arrangement of the
      orientation domain in area 17. 1. A slight overrepresentation of vertical and
      horizontal orientations is seen in cells with complex receptive fields, whereas
      in cells with simple fields all orientations are represented to an equal degree.
      The orientation selectivity, defined as the halfwidth of tuning curves
      constructed from the cells response to a moving stimulus, is less than 60 degrees
      in more than 80% of all cells investigated, and is on the average 20-30 degrees
      smaller in cells with simple than in cells with complex receptive fields. 2. In
      80% of all cases considered the difference in the preferred orientation between
      two cells less than 200 mum horizontally distant in area 17 is less than 30
      degrees, which is of the order of an individual cells orientation selectivity.
      Each cell, therefore, will respond to some extent to that orientation which is
      preferred by the cells in the immediate surroundings. 3. Sequential changes in
      the preferred orientation between cells successively recorded are observed as the
      postlateral gyrus is explored from anterior to posterior and from medial to
      lateral. On these general trends a random variation in the preferred orientation
      between neighbouring cells of the order of 5-10 degrees is superimposed. One
      orientation sequence (180 degrees) occupies 700-1200 mum, so that on the average
      a change in the preferred orientation of the order of 10 degrees is complete
      after 50 mum distance in the cortex measured parallel to the pial surface.
      Assuming that 18 different orientations (+/- 5 degrees) functionally represent
      one complete orientation sequence it is found that 'all' orientations are
      functionally represented by the cells contained in a cortical cylinder of 300-700
      mum in diameter. 4. Cells having the same preferred orientation are grouped
      together in cortical regions which appear in crossection as a band or a spot.
      These regions have been termed iso-orientation bands or spots. The diameter of
      the spots and the small diameter of the bands do not exceed 100 mum. Taking an
      average orientation selectivity of 40 degrees for cells vertically aligned in
      area 17 it is calculated that cells situated 100 mum to either side of an iso
      orientation band or around an iso-orientation spot still respond with 50% of the
      discharge to their own optimal orientation ...

PMID- 1218549
TI  - A quantitative study of the projection area of the central and the paracentral
      visual field in area 17 of the cat. I. The precision of the topography.
AB  - 1. In the course of long oblique penetrations through the postlateral gyrus a
      variation in the position of the receptive fields (RF-scatter) of single cells
      recorded extracellularly is observed. This is superimposed on the continuous
      topological representation of the retina. Spezifying the RF-positions by the
      azimuthal and elevation coordinates of their geometrical centers, the standard
      deviation (SD) of the mean RF-positions of cells recorded in 200 mum long
      horizontal sections of cortex is calculated and the total radial scatter of RF
      positions (Sanderson, 1971) as defined: (see article) is determined. The radial
      scatter is found to have its smallest value (1 degree visual angle (v.a.)) in the
      projection area of the functional center of the area centralis increasing to 3-4
      degrees v.a. at 10 degrees eccentricity. 2. The mean RF-diameter as defined: (see
      article) is centrally 0.7 degrees v.a. increasing to 2.6 degrees v.a. at 10
      degrees eccentricity. The ratio of the largest RF-diameter to the smallest RF
      diameter is between 7-9 and remains almost constant over the central 10 degrees
      of the projection area. The magnification factor (M) as defined: mm Cortex/degree
      v.a. is centrally 2.3, decreasing paracentrally to 0.6. 3. The cells in area 17
      whose RFs have the same direction in the visual field constitute the spatial
      subunit of the retinocortical projection. The diameter of the spatial subunit is
      calculated as: (see article). The spatial subunit functionally represents,
      therefore, that part of the visual field whose location and area is calculated by
      averaging over the RFs of the individuals of its cell population. It is found
      that the cells belonging to a spatial subunit are distributed within a cortical
      cylinder of 2.6-2.8 mm in diameter, the peak of the distribution coinciding with
      the central axis of the cylinder. 4. Within the projection area of the central 10
      degrees of the retina in area 17 the spatial subunits have the same diameter.
      This suggests that each retinal ganglion cell is functionally connected with an
      equal number of cells in area 17 irrespective of its position within the retina
      and that, therefore, the retinocortical projection is organized on the basis of a
      stereotyped schema if a basic spatial relationship is concerned.

PMID- 1218551
TI  - The effect of two diverse inhalation anesthetic agents on serotonin in discrete
      regions of the rat brain.
AB  - Sensitive radioisotopic enzymatic methods were used to determine 5-HT levels in
      16 different regions of brain from rats anesthetized for 90-105 min with 1%
      halothane or 18% cyclopropane. These two anesthetics were chosen because of their
      differing effects on the electroencephalogram and on the cardiovascular and
      respiratory systems. 5-HT levels in the nucleus amygdaloideus centralis,
      substantia nigra, and nucleus centralis superior were increased after
      administration of either anesthetic, but only anesthesia with cyclopropane was
      associated with an increase in 5-HT level in the nucleus raphe dorsalis. The
      changes in levels of transmitter does not distinguish cause from effect of
      anesthesia, and further experiments are needed to delineate what role, if any,
      the specific areas play in muscle relaxation, analgesia, sleep or anesthesia.

PMID- 1218552
TI  - Flexion-extension sensitivity of elbow joint afferents in cat.
AB  - Single units from stretch receptors in the elbow joint of the cat were studied in
      split-down filaments of the musculocutaneous nerve of the cat. The majority of
      fibres isolated responded to elbow extension with a phasic and then graded tonic
      or slowly adapting response. All fibres had a maximum adapted discharge at full
      extension. Over half the units also gave a phasic or tonic response at full
      flexion of the elbow, but this was non-graded and only appeared at the extreme
      position of the arm. These results are discussed briefly in the context of
      previous joint afferent studies.

PMID- 1218553
TI  - Eye rotation in developing kittens: the effect on ocular dominance and receptive
      field organization of cortical cells.

PMID- 1218555
TI  - [Synthesis and some transformations of imidazolyl (benzimidazolyl)-2
      mercaptopropionic acids and their esters].

PMID- 1218554
TI  - [Synthesis and properties of beta, beta'-di-(4-thionthiazolidon-2-yl-3)
      diethylsulfide and its derivatives].

PMID- 1218556
TI  - [Acyloxy analogs of dichloranhydrides of haloid-acylamidophosphoric acids].

PMID- 1218557
TI  - [UV spectrophotometric method of analysing nalidixic acid].

PMID- 1218558
TI  - [Winners in socialist competition].

PMID- 1218559
TI  - [Study of the stability of cocarboxylase hydrochloride].

PMID- 1218560
TI  - [Physicochemical and microbiological studies and the quantitative determination
      of a water-soluble polyphenolic preparation of propolis].

PMID- 1218561
TI  - [Preparation of glycerin solutions for intravenous administration. II. A method
      of producing a glycerin solution with sodium ascorbinate for intravenous
      administration].

PMID- 1218562
TI  - [Rheological studies of ointments made with ethonium and dodeconium additives].

PMID- 1218563
TI  - [Determination of the optimal shape of a percolator].

PMID- 1218564
TI  - [Development of the optimal technology for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole tablets].

PMID- 1218565
TI  - [Anatomical structure of the epigeal organs and rhizome of Dianthus superbus L].

PMID- 1218567
TI  - [Isolation and study of the flavonoid glycosides from the buds of Tilia cordata].

PMID- 1218568
TI  - [Development of a bibliographic system of scientific pharmaceutical information
      on punched cards].

PMID- 1218566
TI  - [Study of the process of extracting substances from calendula inflorescens].

PMID- 1218569
TI  - [Dependence of the degree of barbiturate extraction on the specific ionic
      charge].

PMID- 1218570
TI  - [Study of the triterpenoids and steroids of the marsh hedge nettle].

PMID- 1218571
TI  - [Amides and hydrazides of oxalic acid. XXX. The synthesis and antimicrobial
      activity of alkyl- (aryl-, heteryl-) hydrazones of oxalic acid
      arensulfohydrazides].

PMID- 1218572
TI  - [Automated drug supply planning and pharmacy business management subsystem for
      the USSR at the technical design stage].

PMID- 1218573
TI  - [Statistical information processing electronic computers].

PMID- 1218574
TI  - [Study of the demand for psychotropic preparations utilizing computer
      technology].

PMID- 1218575
TI  - [Possibility of preparing stable 0.25% eyedrop solutions of scopolamine
      hydrobromide].

PMID- 1218576
TI  - [Data on the factors that cause a change in the color of amidopyrine].

PMID- 1218577
TI  - [Determination of the amylase activity in medicinal pancreatin and cholenzim
      preparations in coated tablets].

PMID- 1218578
TI  - [Determination of ridinol and cyclodol by an extractive photometric method].

PMID- 1218579
TI  - [Modification of chromaton N with alkaline metal carbonates for use in the gas
      chromatographic analysis of drug substances].

PMID- 1218580
TI  - [Determination of benzohexonium in biological fluids].

PMID- 1218581
TI  - [Analysis of the utilization of working time in pharmaceutical manufacturing
      enterprises].

PMID- 1218582
TI  - [Supplying children with glasses].

PMID- 1218583
TI  - [Nomenclature of the types of intrapharmacy stock].

PMID- 1218584
TI  - [Potentiometric determination of mercaptopurine and mercazolyl in tablets].

PMID- 1218585
TI  - [Determination of lanolin in ointments and ointment bases].

PMID- 1218586
TI  - [Determination of anthracene derivatives in suppositories made of senna extract].

PMID- 1218587
TI  - [Spectrophotometric determination of papaverine and narcotine in biological
      material].

PMID- 1218589
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of some methods of extracting lipids].

PMID- 1218588
TI  - [Automated branch system of public health planning and management
      ("Zdravookhranenie" automated branch accounting system)].

PMID- 1218590
TI  - [Determination of tubazid and methionine by amperometric titration].

PMID- 1218591
TI  - [Methods of studying the foaming capacity of surface-active substances and
      foams].

PMID- 1218592
TI  - [Modeling of the standards indices for pharmacy network development].

PMID- 1218593
TI  - [Planning of the optimal drug reserves in pharmacy warehouses by means of
      statistical computer modeling].

PMID- 1218594
TI  - [Processing of the stated drug demand, the distribution of funds and control over
      medical production supplies in the automated "Main Pharmacy Administration
      Subsystem"].

PMID- 1218595
TI  - [Dynamics of the demand for sulfanilamide group preparations].

PMID- 1218596
TI  - [Effect of the rheological properties of gelatin-glycerin bases on the resorption
      of drug substances].

PMID- 1218597
TI  - [Effect of tween-80 on the absorption and acetylation of norsulfazole].

PMID- 1218598
TI  - [Screening experiments in searching for the optimal conditions for alkaloid
      release into the tissue culture medium from Indian datura (Datura innoxia
      (Mill.)) and imalayan scopolia (Scopolia stramonifolia (Wall.))].

PMID- 1218599
TI  - [Status and some prospects for the development of pharmacopoeial analysis].

PMID- 1218600
TI  - [Optimal conditions for determining prenasal by a differential photocolorimetric
      method].

PMID- 1218601
TI  - [More attention to introducing completed work into practice].

PMID- 1218602
TI  - [Problems of pharmacy related to the study of the fate of drug substances in the
      body].

PMID- 1218603
TI  - [Review-competition of the skills of control prescriptionists in Moscow
      pharmacies].

PMID- 1218604
TI  - [Possibility of predicting the shelf life of validol tablets].

PMID- 1218605
TI  - [Effect of temperature on the hydrolytic breakdown of cocarboxylase
      hydrochloride].

PMID- 1218606
TI  - [Some problems of pharmaceutical practice in the Yemen Arab Republic].

PMID- 1218607
TI  - [Gas chromatographic analysis of oil solutions of testosterone esters].

PMID- 1218608
TI  - [Iodometric methods of determining papaverine hydrochloride].

PMID- 1218609
TI  - [Titrometric determination of unithiol using copper sulfate].

PMID- 1218611
TI  - [Jet injections].

PMID- 1218610
TI  - [Utilization of dimethyldodecylbenzylammonium chloride for eyedrops made of
      pilocarpine hydrochloride].

PMID- 1218613
TI  - [New preparations: sulfocamphocaine, a cardiovascular agent].

PMID- 1218612
TI  - [New preparations: erysimoside, a cardiac glycoside].

PMID- 1218615
TI  - [Extraction by milling of the roots of licorice].

PMID- 1218614
TI  - [Research laboratories for the scientific organization of work and management of
      the main pharmacy administration of the ministries of public health of the Union
      Republics].

PMID- 1218616
TI  - [Anatomical and histochemical study of bishop's-weed (Ammi majus L.)].

PMID- 1218618
TI  - [Basic principles of siting pharmacy network institutions].

PMID- 1218617
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of photoelectrocolorimetric methods of determining
      fluorides].

PMID- 1218619
TI  - [Light and sound signaling system with 3 remote control panels].

PMID- 1218620
TI  - [Preparations of pharmaceutical matricary].

PMID- 1218622
TI  - [Discussion apropos of the article by V. V. Zakusov and D. A. Kharkevich, "The
      necessity of simplifying prescription writing", published in the journal,
      "Farmatsiia", 1974, No. 6, pp. 37-40].

PMID- 1218621
TI  - [Storage life and improvement in the technology of ammoniacal liniment].

PMID- 1218623
TI  - [Problems in improving the education and advanced training of specialists with
      higher pharmaceutical study].

PMID- 1218624
TI  - [Teaching of analytical chemistry at pharmaceutical schools].

PMID- 1218625
TI  - [Teaching of pharmaceutical chemistry in institutes].

PMID- 1218626
TI  - [Teaching of pharmacology at pharmaceutical institutes].

PMID- 1218627
TI  - [Use of the automatic classification method for selecting check tests in a course
      on pharmaceutical chemistry].

PMID- 1218628
TI  - [Analysis of the dynamic series and the prediction of stock turnover indices in
      pharmacy management].

PMID- 1218629
TI  - [Study of medical commodity science at pharmaceutical schools].

PMID- 1218630
TI  - [Complex quality criterion for ascorbic acid tablets].

PMID- 1218631
TI  - [Sorbic acid stability in emulsion bases for oil/water type ointments].

PMID- 1218632
TI  - [Polarimetric determination of celucarpine].

PMID- 1218633
TI  - [Photocolorimetric method of determining citric acid in a blood preservative].

PMID- 1218634
TI  - [Polarographic determination of cotarnine chloride in tablets].

PMID- 1218635
TI  - [Subcellular mechanisms of regulating trophic processes in the organs of the
      digestive tract].

PMID- 1218636
TI  - [The concentration of gonadotropins in the hypophysis and peripheral blood of
      birds following alterations of the balance of sex hormones in their bodies].

PMID- 1218637
TI  - [The mechanism of the central action of lithium].

PMID- 1218638
TI  - [The basic vital functions of the body in the recuperative period following
      resuscitation].

PMID- 1218640
TI  - [Liver function in the dynamics of glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1218639
TI  - [A study of hydrocortisone metabolism in dogs by the liver perfusion method].

PMID- 1218641
TI  - [Experimental-clinical findings concerning morphologic and functional changes in
      several endocrine glands during the process of aging].

PMID- 1218642
TI  - [Modeling chemical allergoses, their selective and non-specific inhibition].

PMID- 1218643
TI  - [Acetylcholinesterase localization in the nuclei of the reticular formation of
      the cat rhombencephalon].

PMID- 1218644
TI  - [The role of cholinergic processes in the body's resistance].

PMID- 1218645
TI  - [The role of sodium metabolism in regulating the body's fluid spaces in
      experimental peritonitis].

PMID- 1218646
TI  - [A comparison of several components of saliva in dogs with artificially induced
      neurodystrophic processes in the parodontium].

PMID- 1218647
TI  - [The physiologic basis for a regime of independent pursuit on the piano for
      students at universities of music].

PMID- 1218649
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of the electrical properties of the membranes of
      individual muscle fibers in animals of different ages].

PMID- 1218648
TI  - [Changes in the membrane potentials of nerve cells from isolated ganglia of the
      mollusk Planorbis corneus under the influence of a UHF electromagnetic field].

PMID- 1218651
TI  - [Development of spinal cord copulatory activity in male white rats during
      ontogenesis].

PMID- 1218650
TI  - [Interaction of calcium with heparin].

PMID- 1218652
TI  - [The immunologic activity and specificity of antimyocytoxic serum].

PMID- 1218653
TI  - [The effect of small doses of antitesticular cytotoxic serum on sperm production
      in stud bulls].

PMID- 1218654
TI  - [Experience with the application of multiple correlation-regression analysis to
      research in physiology].

PMID- 1218655
TI  - [A method of manufacturing a universal electrode with a microsyringe].

PMID- 1218656
TI  - [The place and role of molecular biology in the array of physiological sciences].

PMID- 1218657
TI  - [The relationship between the amplitude of the rheogram and vascular tone].

PMID- 1218658
TI  - [Pressor responses from the carotid sinuses in dogs with denervated hearts].

PMID- 1218659
TI  - [Changes in the tone of peripheral vessels in acute hypoxic hypoxia]chnii
      hipoksii.

PMID- 1218660
TI  - [Changes in cerebral circulation during mental activity].

PMID- 1218661
TI  - [The effect of prolonged painful stimulation on the composition of serum proteins
      and that of certain organs under conditions of novacaine blockade].

PMID- 1218662
TI  - [The proliferative activity of rat bone marrow under normal circumstances and
      during inhibition of hematopoiesis by benzene].

PMID- 1218664
TI  - [Electromyographic changes during stretch of the masticatory muscles].

PMID- 1218663
TI  - [The influence of different ions on the inhibitory postsynaptic potential of
      smooth muscle cells].

PMID- 1218665
TI  - [Several quantitative characteristics of the neuronal composition of the cervical
      region of the cat spinal cord].

PMID- 1218666
TI  - [The effect of different doses of the sympatholytic isobarin on the evacuatory
      function of the stomach in dogs].

PMID- 1218667
TI  - [Changes in the absorptive and secretory activity of the intestine under the
      influence of straight-line acceleration].

PMID- 1218669
TI  - [Changes in the functional state of the central nervous system and motor
      apparatus of sportsmen with different activity--rest regimes].

PMID- 1218668
TI  - [The mechanism of the body's adaptation following the resection of the small
      intestine].

PMID- 1218670
TI  - [The effect of the state of alimentary excitability on emotional-behavior
      responses].

PMID- 1218671
TI  - [Amylolytic and proteolytic activity of the contents and juice of the small
      intestine].

PMID- 1218672
TI  - [The resorptive function of the pericardium under the influence of different
      doses of ultraviolet rays].

PMID- 1218674
TI  - [Operational features of adaptive perfusion pumps].

PMID- 1218673
TI  - [A multichannel rheograph with linear transformation and demodulation of
      pulsatile blood-filling with a minimal probing current].

PMID- 1218675
TI  - [Experimental modeling of aorto-pulmonary septal defect].

PMID- 1218676
TI  - [Determination of the gastric hydrochloric acid debit].

PMID- 1218677
TI  - [Humanistic medicine in internal medicine. Some forms of its dehumanization
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218678
TI  - [Psychiatry in the face of the present crisis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218679
TI  - [Galactans and antigalactans (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218680
TI  - [Family psychodynamics in child obesity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218681
TI  - [Cause of scleroderma--a simple allergy? Conjectures and observations].

PMID- 1218682
TI  - [Program for the testing of chemical-industry products for dermal and
      percutaneous toxicity].

PMID- 1218684
TI  - Studies on haemagglutination by different fungi.

PMID- 1218683
TI  - Observations on a clinico-therapeutic trial with topical 5-fluor-uracil (EFUDIX)
      in condylomata acuminata.

PMID- 1218685
TI  - The effects of vitamin A acid in follicular keratoses possibly explain its mode
      of action.

PMID- 1218686
TI  - [What will become of untreated hemangiomas?].

PMID- 1218687
TI  - [Effect of seasonal and climatic factors on skin-surface lipids].

PMID- 1218688
TI  - [Comparative study of different types of IUD made on a group of 991 carriers of
      1161 contraceptive devices].

PMID- 1218689
TI  - [Treatment with human gonadotropins and recovery of cervical mucosa occurring
      before a post-coital test].

PMID- 1218690
TI  - [Utilization of frozen sperm for heterologous human insemination].

PMID- 1218691
TI  - Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in normal menstrual cycle and normal pregnancy.

PMID- 1218693
TI  - Pineal enzymes in chickens: development of daily rhythmicity.

PMID- 1218692
TI  - Ultrastructrue of the Stannius corpuscles of the killifish, Fundulus
      heteroclitus, and its relation to calcium regulation.

PMID- 1218695
TI  - Control of vitellogenesis and of growth of female accessory sex organs by the
      dorsal body hormone (DBH) in the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Lymnaea
      stagnalis.

PMID- 1218694
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of the oviduct of the triton Pleurodeles waltlii Michah.
      III. Effect of 17 beta-estradiol on the differentiation of secretory cells of the
      middle oviduct in the immature female].

PMID- 1218697
TI  - [Effect of repeated injections of homogenates of the ocular tentacles on the
      gonad during growth and during regeneration of tentaclectomized arions study in
      Arion subfuscus Draparnaud (a pulmonate gastropod)].

PMID- 1218696
TI  - Retinally perceived photoperiod does not influence subsequent testicular
      regression in house sparrows.

PMID- 1218699
TI  - The extracardiac chromaffin cells of larval lampreys.

PMID- 1218698
TI  - The effect of in vivo administration of chicken hypothalamic extract on the crop
      sac and the pituitary gland of the pigeon.

PMID- 1218700
TI  - Effects of brain removal on integumental water permeability and ion content of
      the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L.

PMID- 1218701
TI  - Steroid formation in the larval and parasitic adult sea lamprey, Petromyzon
      marinus L.

PMID- 1218703
TI  - Control of serum calcium concentration by parathyroid gland in two species of
      urodele amphibians.

PMID- 1218702
TI  - Effect of substance P on nasal gland secretion in the domestic duck (Anas
      platyrhynchos).

PMID- 1218704
TI  - Studies on the purification and properties of avian gonadotrophins.

PMID- 1218705
TI  - Appearance of the "amphibian sex steroid binding proten" (A.SBP) during
      metamorphosis in female Pleurodeles waltlii serum.

PMID- 1218706
TI  - Site of progesterone production in the reptilian ovarian follicle.

PMID- 1218707
TI  - [Flavinogenesis and regulation of purine biosynthesis de novo in Pichia
      guilliermondi mutants resiatant to 8-azaguanine].
AB  - 93 mutants resistant to 8-azaguanine (AGR-mutants) were derived from the strain
      of Pichia guilliermondii with blocked guanine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.3.) by UV
      irradiation. The mutants retained the ability to uptake 8-azaguanine and guanine
      but could not deaminate guanine. Some of the AGR-mutants were found to accumulate
      large amounts of hypoxanthine and small amounts of guanine in the cultural
      medium. The inhibitory effect of guanine and 8-azaguanine but not adenine on the
      purine biosynthesis de novo was considerably decreased. It was established
      observing the rates of 5 amino 4-imidazoleribotide accumulation in purine
      requiring AGR-mutants in the presence of different purines. The regulation of the
      activity and biosynthesis of IMP-dehydrogenase (EC 1. 2. 1. 14) with guanine
      compounds in AGR-mutants was completely preserved. Under cultivating in iron-rich
      medium all the AGR-mutants accumulated more riboflavin than the strain H-101 and
      the wild type strain. That occured as a result of the increase of flavinogenesis
      velocity in AGR-mutants during late logarithmic and negative growth acceleration
      phases. Some of mutants also synthesized more riboflavin in iron-deficient
      medium. Depression of riboflavine synthetase was not observed in the iron-rich
      cells of AGR-mutants.

PMID- 1218708
TI  - [Compatibility of R-factors in naturally occurring enteric bacteria].
AB  - The compatibility of four wild type fi+R factors to R1 factor, a representative
      of the FII compatibility group of F-like class of the plasmids was studied. Two
      of them (R448 and R459) were incompatible to the R1 factor at selective for R448
      and R459 donors conditions. The recipient R1 factor elimination apparently takes
      place at the first generations of conjugants. The compatibility of these R
      plasmids to R1 is possible at selective for donor and recipient plasmids
      conditions. R459 and R1 factors were transfered to Escherichia coli W945
      simultaneously and recombination between them was suggested. B211 and R215
      factors are compatible to R1 factor and their coexistence with the last is stable
      despite whether conjugants were selected on one or two R plasmids principle.
      Further conjugants transfer R211 and R215 only, but not R1. It is concluded that
      R factors No 448 and No 459 are of FII group compatibility. R211 and R215 factors
      group compatibility is still unknown.

PMID- 1218709
TI  - [Transforming activity of phage T4r+ DNA, treated with ultraviolet light, nitrous
      acid, hydroxylamine and visible light in the presence of methylene blue].
AB  - The efficiency of phages T4rIIB-638v+ and T4rIIB-638v- transformation by native
      and denatured DNA treated with UV, nitrous acid, hydroxylamine and visible light
      in the presence of methylene blue is studied. A greater transformation efficiency
      of UV-irradiated T4r+ phage native and denatured DNA was observed in the v+
      recipient as compared with v- recipients. Denatured donor DNA treated with
      nitrous acid has higher transformation activity in spheroplasts infected with
      T4v+ phage than in those infected with T4v- phage. Native donor DNA, treated with
      methylene blue and visible light-irradiated, developed a decrease of the
      transformation activity in T4v- phage-infected spheroplasts as compared with T4v+
      phage-infected spheroplasts. Hydroxylamine treatment of native and denatured
      donor DNA did not reveal any differences in the transforming activity for v+ and
      v- recipients. Denatured donor DNA was more resistant to the effect of
      hydroxylamine than native DNA.

PMID- 1218710
TI  - [Temperature-sensitive mutants of actinophage phi C31 of Streptomyces coelicolor
      A3(2)].
AB  - Temperature-sensitive mutants of phiC31 actinophage were isolated by the
      treatment with nitrosoquanidine and UV light. 20 cistron which control various
      stages of intracellular phage growth are identified on the basis of modified
      complementation tests. The sequence of ts markers and c-region is established and
      the relative distance between them is estimated according to the results of three
      factor crosses.

PMID- 1218711
TI  - [Possible location of the gene of mucoviscidosis (pancreatic cystic fibrosis) in
      chromosome 21].
AB  - On the basis of the data available in the literature pertaining to the relatively
      high frequency of mucoviscidosis in children affected with Down's syndrome a
      hypothesis is advanced concerning the possible location of the mucoviscidosis
      gene in the chromosome 21. The author's own preliminary data are presented.
      Approaches to the verification of this hypothesis are described.

PMID- 1218713
TI  - Effect of kinetin on the formation of chromosome aberrations during irradiation
      of Crepis capillaris L. seeds and its radioprotective effect.
AB  - The object of this investigation was the mutagenic effect of kinetin (6
      phurphuryl-aminopurine) on chromosomes of Crepis capillaris L. Dry seeds were
      soaked in the 0.05% kinetin solution for 4, 6 and 8 hours before the irradiation
      with X-rays. It is observed that soaking of dry seeds in kinetin solution
      stimulates the appearance of chromatid aberrations for almost two hours earlier,
      than in the control (soaking seeds in water). A regular increase of the chromatid
      type rearrangements with increasing the duration of soaking in the kinetin
      solution was observed (3.3%, 16-20% and almost 50% at 4 hours; 6 hours' and 8
      hours' soaking respectively). This increase is indicative for the effect of
      kinetin on the processes taking place in the cell before the irradiation.
      Apparently kinetin stimulates the onset of the stage S for a certain proportion
      of cells, and thus at the moment of irradiation the cell population is at the
      asynchronous state. A considerable radioprotective effect of kinetin was observed
      in all the variants of the experiment, which is not associated with the capacity
      of stimulating the initiation of chromatid aberrations inherent in kinetin.
      Kinetin alone (without irradiation) exerts no mutagenic effect on the cells of
      Crepis capillaris.

PMID- 1218712
TI  - [Effect of copper ions on chromosome structural mutations caused by Cs1 37 gamma
      rays in moist seed cells of Crepis capillaris L].
AB  - When seeds of Crepis capillaris were germinated in solutions of Cu(NO3)2 (at 0.55
      10(-5) M and 1.1-10(-5) M concentrations) the frequency of structural chromosome
      mutations induced by gamma-rays (137Cs) at 200 and 400 r doses was higher as
      compared to that induced in the absence of copper ions.

PMID- 1218714
TI  - [Veterinary genetics and selection].
AB  - The article comprises the data on the genetic potentials of New-Hampshire cocks
      determined on the basis of the resistance of their offspring to the artificial
      infection with Salmonella gallinarum. It is shown that different cocks differ
      significantly from one another in their genetic potentials with respect to the
      resistance to Salm. gallinarum. Since the method of artificial infection can not
      be practiced always, it is proposed by the author to characterize the genetic
      potentials of animals by means of determination of the non-specific resistance
      index of the specimens tested.

PMID- 1218715
TI  - [Mechanism of inactivation and mutagenesis induced by ethyleneimine in Drosophila
      germ cells. V. Relation of complete and mosaic mutations during the supplementary
      action of high temperature].
AB  - Supplementary effect of high temperature (37 degrees C) an hour after the
      treatment of mature sperms of Drosophila with ethylene imine resulted in an
      increased level of the inactivation (the frequency of dominant lethal mutation).
      The frequency of complete mutations (recessive sex-linked lethal mutations)
      increased by the supplementary effect of high temperature at low doses of E1, and
      it did not change under a comparatively high dose of the mutagen. The frequency
      of mosaic mutations decreased under the effect of high temperature at both doses
      of E1. No effect of high temperature was observed in 4 and 24 h after the E1
      treatment. The results obtained are discussed in connection with the proportion
      of inactivation and mutagenesis under the effect of chemical mutagens on
      Drosophila germ cells.

PMID- 1218716
TI  - [Higher nervous activity in rats with symptoms of hereditary galactosemia].
AB  - The patterns of behaviour and neural processes in rats with symptoms of
      hereditary galactosemia were investigated. Certain impairment of neural
      processes, particularly of the internal inhibition process in galactosemic rats
      was established. This is evidenced by low conditioning rate and lower level of
      responding in 2-way shuttle-box avoidance achieved by galactosemic rats in
      comparison with galactose-resistant rat substrain. Significant changes in motor
      activity and emotionality level in the course of repeated open-field testings
      were not found in galactosemic rats. The pecularities of the active avoidance
      acquisition, an analysis of the capacity to  the retention of acquired task
      demonstrated an impaired mechanism of long-term memory storage in galactosemic
      animals.

PMID- 1218717
TI  - [Hybridization in Actinomycetes].
AB  - Ways of transferring genetic information in Actinomycetes and their use for the
      transmission of genetic material in intervarietal crosses are discussed. The
      producing of hybrids is shown to be an efficient method to obtain Actinomycetes
      strains with new properties. Properties of recombinants obtained in intervarietal
      crosses Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)XS. lividans 66 are shown to possess new
      antibiotic properties differing from those of parental strains: they suppress a
      number of Actinomycetes and bacterial strains which are not affected by parental
      strains. It is found that at least two groups of genes located on chromosomes of
      S. coelicolor A3(2) and S. lividans 66 participate in the synthesis of the
      antibiotic. The obtaining of recombinants between S. coelicolor A3(2) and S.
      griseus 15 makes possible to select variants which are capable to produce the
      antibiotic grisine and are resistant to actinophages, specifically attacking S.
      griseus. Properties of recombinants between S. coelicolor A3(2) and S. griseus 15
      make possible to localize on parental chromosomes regions containing genes which
      control the synthesis of the antibiotic, the formation of a receptor for the
      adsorption of actinophages, and genes controlling the restriction and t he
      modification of actinophage development in S. coelicolor and S. griseus. A sex
      plasmid (SGP1) is found in S. griseus 15.

PMID- 1218718
TI  - [Interaction of homoeotic mutations Antennapedia and Polycomb in Drosophila
      melanogaster].
AB  - Pairwise interaction of three alleles of Antennapedia (Antp49, Antp 50 and APX)
      with two alleles of Polycomb (Pc1 and Pc2) considerably increased homoeotic
      transformation of antennae caused by Antennapedia gene (up to the formation of
      completely developed homoeotic legs). On the contrary, Antennapedia alleles
      decreased the transformation of meso- and metatoracic legs into protoracic legs,
      as caused by Pc alleles. The degree of changes in the expression of Antp and Pc
      due to intergenic interaction were, as a rule, Antennapedia specific, i.e. the
      differences were greater when Antp alleles were substituted in genotypes. A
      possible mechanism of the interaction observed is discussed.

PMID- 1218719
TI  - [Mutagenic activity of psychotropic drugs].
AB  - Mutagenic activity of 33 psychotropic drugs was studied in Drosophila
      metanogaster according to the CLB method. The drugs are the following: leponex,
      neuleptil, randolectil, teralen, chlorprotixen, TPS-23, navane, pimosid,
      difenisid, rudotel, eunoktin, radedorm, meprobamat, trioxasin, elenium, napoton,
      aponal, lorasepam, nuredal, oxyphenonat, safrasin, surmantil, amitriptilin,
      prothioden, melipramin, saroten, tegretol, phenobarbital, diakarb, benzonal,
      suksilep, morpholep, sydnocarb. The increase in the mutation rate was induced by
      leponex (1.37% in adults and 1.21% in larvae), difenisid (1.18% in adults), two
      forms of the same drug eunoktin and radedorm (about 1.6% in adults), safrasin
      (1.06% in imago), saroten (1,36% in imago), phenobarbital (2.02% in imago). Even
      a slight increase of mutagenicity of widely spread psychotropic drugs is a very
      serious factor which needs further investigation and specification in other
      models and organisms.

PMID- 1218720
TI  - [Populational chromosomal polymorphism the Asian forest mouse Apodemus
      peninsulae].
AB  - 29 individuals of Apodemus peninsulae, an Asian forest mouse from the Suputin
      State Nature Reserve (Maritime Territory) were studied karyologically. Diploid
      chromosome sets of the animals studied contained from 48 to 52 chromosomes. The
      difference in the diploid chromosome numbers is caused by the presence in some
      individuals of supernumerary metacentric chromosomes (up to 4). The set is always
      represented by 48 acrocentric chromosomes, gradually decreasing in size. The
      supernumerary metacentric chromosomes vary in size from medium-sized to the
      smallest in the set. The character of intrapopulational chromosome polymorphism
      of continental and island populations of Apodemus peninsulae is discussed.
      Attempts are made to explain the polymorphism with respect to supernumerary
      chromosomes as the result of some viral diseases.

PMID- 1218721
TI  - [Recombination in amber-mutants of bacteriophage T4B. I. Recombination and
      complementation in phage T4 amber-mutants].
AB  - In studying intergenic and intragenic complementation in amber mutants in genes
      of phage T4 controlling the synthesis of phage tail fibres the data have been
      obtained indicating the dependency of the results of complementation tests on
      those of crosses of respective markers. The results obtained show that in
      complementation of amber mutants of phage T4 the phage yield varies widely and
      depends on the location of markers on the phage genetic map.

PMID- 1218722
TI  - [Effect of palladium and platinum salts on bacteriophage T4 and its isolated
      DNA].
AB  - The effect of palladium and platinum salts (K2PdCl4, K2PtCl4) on bacteriophage F4
      and its isolated DNA in genetic transformation is investigated. Both compounds
      efficiently inactivated the phage and decreased the transforming activity of
      donor DNA. The palladium salt exhibited the higher activity. The palladium
      compounds inhibited the transforming activity of native donor DNA to a greater
      degree. No difference was observed in the degree of inactivation of the
      transforming activity of native and denatured DNA under the effect of platinum
      salt. It is suggested that the difference in the transforming activity of donor
      DNA treated with the tested compounds reflect the pattern of their interactions
      with nucleic acids.

PMID- 1218723
TI  - [Structure of the interphase nucleus and formation of chromosome aberrations in
      Crepis capillaris].
AB  - A distribution of chromosome X-rays induced aberrations was studied in 2n and 4n
      root cells of Crepis capillaris at different stages of the mitotic cycle.
      Participation of various chromosomes in aberrations was found to be different
      from theoretically expected one found from the chromosome length. The chromosome
      A was characterized by excession of intrachromosome aberrations (terminal
      deletions, isolocuses, duplications and rings). The chromosome D very often took
      part in the formation of rings. The chromosome C was characterized by an
      excession of interchromosome aberrations and the lack of intrachromosome ones.
      The data obtained support the model of interphase nucleus proposed by Wagenaar.
      The frequency of exchanges of homologues in 2n and 4n cells well correlated with
      theoretically expected. The inhibition of mitosis increased the exchanges of
      homologues. In 2n and 4n cells asymmetrical translocations predominated over
      symmetrical ones.

PMID- 1218724
TI  - [Diploid radiation gynogenesis in carp. I. Massive production of diploid
      gynogenetic progeny].
AB  - Mass lost of diploid gynogenetic carp offspring were obtained with the use of
      fish-farm method of reproduction. The average yield of gynogenetic diploids in
      usual experiments was 0.1% (from fertilized eggs). The cooling of unfertilized
      spawn (at the stage of metaphase II) to 8--10 degrees C during 3.5--4.5 hours in
      50% of cases permitted to increase by tens of times (in the most successful
      experiments up to 8%) the yield of gynogenetic diploids. The rate of survival of
      carps remained relatively low during the first two years of life, particularly
      during the first hibernation that is a critical period. No specific depression of
      growth in gynogenetic diploid carps was observed. A high yield of gynogenetic
      diploids (3.9% of fertilized eggs) and their relatively high rate of survival
      were observed in the second generation of artificially induced gynogenesis.

PMID- 1218725
TI  - [Puff expression in relation to genotype].
AB  - The studies of genotype influence on puff size in salivary gland chromosomes of
      Drosophila virilis (stocks 9, 101, 142, 151) and D. texana (the stock 123) reveal
      significant differences between the species concerning the structure of puff in
      the 3-C-6 region at the stage of puparium formation. In reciprocal F1 hybrids the
      size of the puff was intermediate in comparison with parental forms having a
      slight maternal effect. The differences in puff size in the 5th chromosome
      between interspecific hybrids and the special stock of D. virilis carrying a
      region of D. texana 5th chromosome in heterozygous condition (inserted into D.
      virilis 5the chromosome by double crossing-over) were observed. The transfer of
      the region of the third chromosome to near centrimetric heterochromatic of the
      5th chromosome by translocation resulted in the increase in the 3-B-2 puff size.
      However, the transposition of the 3-B1 region in the proximal direction with
      respect to chromocenter did not affect the puff size.

PMID- 1218726
TI  - [Spontaneous variability of antibiotic biosynthesis in relation to morphogenetic
      processes in Actinomyces chromogenes var. trienicus].
AB  - Available data on possible relationship between the antibiotic activity of
      actinomycetes and the level of their differentiation, especially with their spore
      formation ability, present certain interest with respect to possible relationship
      between the synthesis of antibiotics and the formation of secondary structures.
      The study of spontaneous stable variants of Actinomyces chromogenes var.
      trienicus demonstrates that all sporogenous variants produce the same complex of
      antibiotics as does the original population. The loss of the ability to
      synthesize antibiotics is observed only in the phenotypically different dwarf
      variant (VI). The impaired differentiation (the loss of spore-formation ability)
      is accompanied by disturbances in the antibiotic synthesis: asporogenous variants
      are either inactive or produce only 1 antibiotic from the complex synthesized by
      the original population. Changes in the structure of spore chains do not probably
      correlate with qualitative and quantitative measurable changes in the antibiotic
      synthesis. The statistic evidence is suggestive of the fact that the variant with
      a more complex profile and topography of aerial mycelium displays a higher
      activity.

PMID- 1218727
TI  - [Incompatibility during transplantation of nuclei in amoeba. IV. Transplantation
      compatibility in different strains of Amoeba proteus].
AB  - Seven laboratory Amoeba proteus strains of different origin were tested for their
      transplantation compatibility (i.e. viability of artificially produced
      heterokaryons) in all possible pair combinations. Incompatible combinations (14)
      as well as completely compatible ones (7) were found. Compatibility was
      distributed among strain combinations non-randomly. All the strains studied could
      be classified into three groups with respect to compatibility ("compatibility
      groups") involving 1, 2 and 4 strains, respectively. Within the third group any
      pair of strains was compatible, as well as both strains of the second group. On
      the contrary, any strains from different groups were always incompatible.
      Possible nature of the compatibility groups is discussed. It is suggested that
      they might be analogous to syngens of Ciliates.

PMID- 1218728
TI  - [Homologous gene expression in intergeneric fox hybrids (Alopex lagopus x Vulpes
      vulpes). I. Comparative electrophoretic analysis of blood proteins and enzymes in
      Arctic and silver foxes].
AB  - A comparative study of 27 enzymes and proteins in blue and silver foxes was
      carried out by means of starch gel electrophoresis. The structure of these
      enzymes and proteins is determined by about 33 genes. It is shown that a number
      of blood enzymes and proteins of these species is represented by a single
      electrophoretic form, while lactate dehydrogenase, carboanhydrase, arylesterase,
      carboxylesterase, diaphorase, hexokinase and tetrasolium oxidase have several
      forms. It is also found that these species differ in seven enzymes and proteins:
      diaphorase, G-6-PD, adenylate kinase, carboxylesterase, albumin, prealbumin,
      transferrins. Other enzymes and proteins are similar in their electrophoretic
      mobility. The data obtained afford the evidence that the two species (Vulpes
      vulpes and Alopex lagopus) differ in a set of enzymes and proteins.

PMID- 1218729
TI  - [Triploidy in hybrids of carp with other representatives of the Cyprinidae
      family].
AB  - As a result of remote hybridization of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) with the
      representatives of certain other subfamilies of Cyprinidae a few viable F1
      hybrids were obtained for the first time. These hybrids proved to be
      allotriploids. In the cross Cyprinus carpio L. female X Hemiculter eigenmanni
      (Jord. et Metz.) male the rate of survival of this year's brood was 0,5% of the
      fertilized eggs and 3n=128; whereas in the cross Cyprinus carpio L. male X
      Ctenopharyngodon idella (val.) female the rate of survival was 0,008%, while the
      chromosome number (3n) varied from 124 to 128. The chromosome number of non
      viable E1 hybrids derived from this cross was intermediate (2n=76). The
      diploidization of the maternal chromosome set was spontaneous, since no
      stimulating agents were used to induce it. It is assumed by the authors that it
      is the tetraploid nature of carp that affords the possibility of the initiation
      of allotriploids.

PMID- 1218731
TI  - [UV-mutagenesis in Bacillus subtilis. IV. Analysis of revertants to methionine
      prototrophy].
AB  - UV light induces in Bacillus subtilis met5 ade6 two classes of revertants to
      prototrophy to methionine which can be easily distinguished by their phenotype:
      double (Met+Ade+) and solitary (Met+) revertants. Crosses of revertants with the
      wild type, carried out in transformational experiments, showed that original
      (direct) mutation met5 is presented in chromosome of double revertants.
      Consequently they are extragenic suppressor revertants. In the chromosome of
      solitary revertants Met+ an extragenic suppressor was not detected; reversions
      Met+ seem to be of an intragenic nature. It is possible to use reversions to
      prototrophy to methionine as a model to study UV-mutagenesis in suppressor and
      non-suppressor genes.

PMID- 1218730
TI  - [Characteristics of the endocrine system in Drosophila melanogaster 1 (2)gl
      mutants, differing in time of death].
AB  - A comparative study of the state of the endocrine system and one of the larval
      organs, the salivary gland, has been carried out in larvae homozygous for the
      1(2)gl gene. They differ in time of death (death at the third larval instar-
      larval allele, and at the prepupal state--prepupal allele). It is shown that
      homozygotes for the larval and prepupal allele have underdeveloped prothoracal
      glands. Corpora allata in homozygotes for the larval allele does not differ from
      the norm. Corpora allata in homozygotes for the prepupal allele is decreased
      proportionally to the decrease of prothoracal glands. A decrease of gland size is
      due to a decrease of the volume of cell but not to their number; this decrease is
      accompanied by the decrease of their relative DNA content. Salivary glands in
      homozygotes are reduced and comprise 80% of the normal size in homozygotes for
      the prepupal allele and 50% for homozygotes for the larval allele. Polyteny level
      in the salivary gland nuclei is much decreased as compared with the normal level.
      DNA level is more reduced in larvae homozygous for the larval allele.

PMID- 1218732
TI  - The probability of survival of a mutant gene in an age-structured population and
      implications for the evolution of life-histories.

PMID- 1218733
TI  - Mutant with heat-sensitive capacity for phagocytosis in tetrahymena: isolation
      and genetic characterization.

PMID- 1218734
TI  - Probability of identical monomorphism in related species.

PMID- 1218735
TI  - Observations on a set of radiation-induced dominant T-like mutations in the
      mouse.

PMID- 1218736
TI  - Ventricular relaxation and mitral opening time in various ventricular conditions
      of old age.
AB  - This phonocardiographic-echocardiographic study was based on measurement of the
      interval between the aortic component of the second sound (IIA) and the peak of
      the E wave of the mitral echogram. The study was performed in 20 cases of left
      bundle branch block (LBBB), 10 cases of right bundle branch block (RBBB), 10
      cases of old myocardial infarct (MI), and 10 cases of systemic hypertension (HY).
      All patients were above 60 years of age, and their data were compared with those
      of old persons without evidence of heart disease serving as controls. The IIA-E
      interval was found markedly prolonged in LBBB, less prolonged in MI and RBBB, and
      was shortened in HY. A dynamic analysis revealed that this interval results from
      the isovolumic relaxation period (IRP) of the left ventricle plus the "opening
      time" of the mitral valve. The changes observed were explained as resulting from
      a modification of the IRP that should be correlated with a similar modification
      of the isovolumic contraction time. Myocardial fibrosis would cause prolongation
      of IRP through structural lesions while hypertension would cause abbreviation of
      IRP through hormonal effects modifying both contraction and relaxation.

PMID- 1218737
TI  - Human serum thyrotrophin level and response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone in
      the aged.
AB  - 170 healthy volunteers were investigated, and the clinical and biochemical
      conditions of selection specified. The fasting morning level of serum
      thyrotrophin (TSH) was determined in all volunteers and found unchanged within
      the age interval 18-94 years, independent of sex. This is in disagreement with
      results obtained by other investigators who found an increase of TSH in old age.
      The implications of the criteria of selection are discussed. Nycterohemeral
      rhythm was studied in 16 persons. Rhythmic variation was an inconstant finding,
      and the pattern in the young could not be distinguished from that in the old. The
      TSH response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was determined in 53 persons
      of various ages and found unrelated to age. Nonetheless, the lowest responses
      were observed in the aged, but the difference was not statistically significant.
      Possible physiological interpretations of an unaltered TSH secretion in spite of
      an age-related decrease in thyroid function are discussed.

PMID- 1218738
TI  - Relationship between fatty acids of adipose tissue and plasma cholesterol.
AB  - The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue from normal and hypercholesterolemic
      men and women was studied. We found a difference in the fatty acid composition
      between both sexes. A decrease in linoleic acid was found in hypercholesterolemic
      men, while there was an increase in palmitic and totally saturated acids in
      women. A decrease in total monounsaturated and in monounsaturated/saturated ratio
      was also found in women.

PMID- 1218740
TI  - First impressions of a microcellular sponge pad in the prevention of bed sores.
AB  - A new type of weight-bearing pad for bed-fast patients was evaluated during its
      use in the ward. It was found to be comfortable, easily cleaned and easily
      handled. Initial observations on nine patients suggested that the microcellular
      sponge pad helped to prevent the progress of pressure sores even when the
      patient's general state pointed to a likely deterioration in the lesion.

PMID- 1218739
TI  - [Electrocardiographic modifications of chronic ischaemic cardiopathy in aged and
      old patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The author presents the results of an electrocardiographic investigation in a
      group of 160 inpatients, aged from 65 to 95 years (80 females and 80 males).
      Coronary ischaemia due to atherosclerosis produces in elderly people distinct
      clinical features and important ECG abnormalities. In this group, absence of
      correlation between clinical status and ECG modifications of myocardial ischaemia
      was found much more frequently than in non-elderly adults. In the aged,
      paroxysmal arrhythmias, by their metabolic and haemodynamic disturbances,
      determine in most cases the poor prognosis in these patients.

PMID- 1218741
TI  - Vitamin C supplementation of old people with low blood levels.
AB  - Ascorbic acid blood levels were estimated in 828 elderly people living in the
      community. 297 subjects with low blood levels were admitted to a 2-year
      controlled trial of vitamin C. Despite a rise in plasma and leucocyte levels,
      vitamin C produced no apparent benefit in terms of mortality, morbidity or mental
      senescence. On following up all those who were originally seen, it was found that
      a higher proportion of deaths occurred among subjects whose leucocyte levels were
      below 15 mug/10(8) cells than among the rest. This association was especially
      marked in the men; it was not due to smoking and was probably attributable to an
      effect of ill-health on blood levels, either directly or through impairment of
      appetite.

PMID- 1218743
TI  - [The problem of sanitary-bacteriologic features of milk and sourmilk products].

PMID- 1218742
TI  - [Experience in protection from traffic noise].

PMID- 1218744
TI  - [Data for substantiation of the maximum permissible concentration of yalan in
      water bodies].

PMID- 1218746
TI  - [A hygienic assessment of an experimental house-lens made of framecement casing].

PMID- 1218745
TI  - [A hygienic substantiation of the use of devices protecting from sun rays in
      class-rooms in school buildings].

PMID- 1218748
TI  - [Construction polymeric materials made on basis of epoxide resins and the
      hygienic regimentation of their use].

PMID- 1218747
TI  - [Hygienic assessment of a supplementary treatment of urban sewage in case of its
      repeated use].

PMID- 1218749
TI  - [An investigation of the ascorbic acid contents of endocrine glands of albino
      rats in the action of silvinite and technical potassium chloride].

PMID- 1218750
TI  - [The toxicological peculiarities of diphenylamine and certain of its derivatives
      depending on the chemic structure].

PMID- 1218751
TI  - [Data to substantiate the permissible concentration of selenium and tellurium in
      the atmosphere].

PMID- 1218753
TI  - [Data to substantiate the permissible concentration of fenuron in water bodies].

PMID- 1218752
TI  - [The prognosis of pesticides' stability in the water, soil and plants].

PMID- 1218754
TI  - [The effect of water with different mineralization levels on the body of
      animals].

PMID- 1218755
TI  - [Accumulation and distribution of ronit in the body of warm-blooded animals].

PMID- 1218756
TI  - [The problem of occupational fitness of adolescents with compensated rheumatic
      heart diseases].

PMID- 1218757
TI  - [Physical development of adolescents mastering the occupation of a metallurgist].

PMID- 1218758
TI  - [Hygienic features of working conditions prevailing in x-ray cabinets].

PMID- 1218759
TI  - [Experimental investigations of the dosimetric features of the x-ray radiation
      used in x-ray diagnosis].

PMID- 1218760
TI  - [The thoron content (Tn220) of the air expired by rats after intratracheal
      administration of thoron compounds].

PMID- 1218761
TI  - [Problems of administration and functions of the organs and establishments of the
      sanitary-epidemiological service].

PMID- 1218762
TI  - [The socialist competition as an important form of raising the level of the
      sanitary epidemiological service for the population].

PMID- 1218763
TI  - [Methodical means of assessing latent reactions of certain regulatory systems of
      the body in case of various routes of entry of toxic substances].

PMID- 1218764
TI  - [New sanitary problems connected with wide use of chemicals in agriculture].

PMID- 1218765
TI  - [A method of registering the initiated chemiluminescence of urine in hygienic
      conditions].

PMID- 1218766
TI  - [Separate determination of isomers of tricresylphosphate, phenol
      triphenylphosphate, ortho-meta and para-cresol by means of thin layer
      chromatography].

PMID- 1218767
TI  - [A method of determining in a living animal the dynamics of tracer glucose
      oxidation in a sanitary-toxicologic experiment].

PMID- 1218768
TI  - [Autocorrelation analysis of radiopulsometric data during working activity].

PMID- 1218770
TI  - [Protection of the environment from contamination with cattle-breeding wastes].

PMID- 1218769
TI  - [Determination of residual amounts of cyclohexane in polyvinylchloride materials
      by the method of gas-liquid chromatography].

PMID- 1218771
TI  - [The results of the two-year Soviet-American collaboration in the environment
      hygiene].

PMID- 1218772
TI  - [The third international symposium on Polar medicine].

PMID- 1218773
TI  - [An approach to the standardization of the contents of cancerogenic substances in
      the environment].

PMID- 1218775
TI  - [Sanitary assessment of the regimen of running, purification and decontamination
      of water in swimming-pools].

PMID- 1218774
TI  - [The problem of certain psychohygienic aspects of coeducation].

PMID- 1218776
TI  - [Hygienic assessment of a standard installation for decontaminating waste waters
      from a cattle-breeding complex].

PMID- 1218777
TI  - [The problem of sanitary-bacteriological control of the environmental objects].

PMID- 1218778
TI  - [A case of ground water contaminations with oil-products wastes].

PMID- 1218779
TI  - [The effectiveness of decontamination of effluents containing 3,4-benzpyrene on
      installations for biological treatment].

PMID- 1218780
TI  - [Work experience in industrial sanitation for noise abatement at engineering
      works].

PMID- 1218781
TI  - [Importance of hygienic research in solving the problems of protecting reservoirs
      at the present-day stage].

PMID- 1218782
TI  - [Letter to the editors].

PMID- 1218783
TI  - [Apropos of the comment by M. S. Kliachkin].

PMID- 1218784
TI  - [Punched cards with edge perforation for the individual bibliographic card index
      and in the work of the school sanitation section of a sanitary--epidemiological
      station].

PMID- 1218785
TI  - [Physiological and hygienic characteristics of the working conditions of the
      workers at operation "Poultry Slaughter"].

PMID- 1218786
TI  - [Hygienic characteristics of the processes of waste water purification at flax
      processing enterprises].

PMID- 1218787
TI  - [Sanitary chemical evaluation of acetate cellulose membranes used for the
      desalinization of seawater].

PMID- 1218788
TI  - [Protection of reservoirs from pollution with helminth eggs].

PMID- 1218789
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of textile articles based on questionnaire data].

PMID- 1218790
TI  - [Distribution of Ce144 in the bones of growing rats].

PMID- 1218791
TI  - [Radiotoxicological properties of neohydrin tagged with Hg197, 203 in the amounts
      used for diagnostic purposes].

PMID- 1218794
TI  - [Effectiveness of methods for improving the quality of drinking water
      (fluoridation, desalinization, magnetic treatment, etc.)].

PMID- 1218792
TI  - [Study of fluorine in the Ukraine and the related endemic fluorosis].

PMID- 1218793
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of membrane methods of desalinating water].

PMID- 1218796
TI  - [Features and normative provisions of the new regulations on the sanitary
      protection of marine littoral waters].

PMID- 1218795
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of the existing technology for purifying the drinking water
      and some ways to improve it].

PMID- 1218797
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of the status of reservoir protection against pollution in
      the region of an industrial complex].

PMID- 1218798
TI  - [Experimental research on the complex action of metals using the example of
      nickel compounds].

PMID- 1218799
TI  - [Hygienic evaluation of the flotation agent T-66 in the water of reservoirs and
      its maximum permissable concentration].

PMID- 1218801
TI  - [Experimental and field research on the hygienic evaluation of drinking water
      containing boron].

PMID- 1218800
TI  - [Experimental research on the harmless levels of the herbicide linuron and
      dichlorophenyloxyurea in the water of reservoirs].

PMID- 1218803
TI  - [Effect of certain social hygiene factors on the work capacity of car drivers].

PMID- 1218802
TI  - [Role of hygienic measures in the prevention of influenza].

PMID- 1218804
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of mixtures of vapors and gases of a relatively constant
      composition].

PMID- 1218805
TI  - [Hygienic aspects of a centralized hot water supply].

PMID- 1218806
TI  - [Determination of alkyl carbamates in air].

PMID- 1218807
TI  - [Determination of vinylidene chloride in air].

PMID- 1218808
TI  - [Determination of sulfadimethoxine and the semiproducts from its manufacture in
      air].

PMID- 1218809
TI  - [Chromatographic determination of chloropreme in air].

PMID- 1218810
TI  - [Transformation of chemical substances in reservoirs and in the process of water
      purification as a hygienic problem].

PMID- 1218811
TI  - [Problems of radiation safety in work with tritiated phosphors].

PMID- 1218812
TI  - [Present-day status of the problem of the safety coefficient in substantiating a
      value for the MPEL of harmful substances in environmental objects].

PMID- 1218813
TI  - Does human pancreas contain salivary-type isoamylase?
AB  - Amylase isoenzyme analysis was made of extracts of normal human pancreatic tissue
      by first conducting ion exchange chromatography of the purified material. This
      gave evidence of only pancreatic type (P-type) isoamylase for all purposes.
      However, when effluent fractions in which salivary type isoamylase would
      ordinarily be expected to be present were harvested, pooled, concentrated, and
      rechromatographed, the pancreatic extracts were found to contain some salivary
      type (S-type) isoamylase. The latter accounted for approximately 0-8 to 1-7% of
      the total recovered amylase activity. This finding of S-type isoamylase in normal
      human pancreas potentially has important bearing on the interpretation of
      isamylase analysis.

PMID- 1218814
TI  - Kinetics of bile acid metabolism in experimental blind loop syndrome.
AB  - In an experimental model of the contaminated small bowel syndrome, Eriksson's
      washout technique was used to study bile salt metabolism. Bile salt secretion
      rate was increased from 204-7 +/- SD 36-5 mumol/100 g body weight/24 h to 329-9
      +/- 146-6, pool size from 33-4 +/- 5-4 mumol/100 g BW to 42-5 +/- 7-2, and
      biliary flow from 6-6 +/- 1-72 ml/100 g BW/24 h to 8-4 +/- 2.1. Detailed analysis
      of the washout curves gave indirect evidence of a short-circuit jejunohepatic
      shunt in the model contaminated small bowel syndrome. Parameters of this shunt
      were calculated with 9-1 mumol/100 g BW for 'short-circuit' pool size and 13-8
      for its circulation frequency.

PMID- 1218815
TI  - Gallstones after ileostomy and ileal resection.
AB  - One hundred and eight patients with ileostomies were investigated for
      cholelithiasis at routine annual review in a large Ileostomy Clinic. Gallstones
      were demonstrated in 24-5%, which is three times the incidence that might have
      been expected in a population of this age and sex distribution. The frequency of
      cholelithiasis was significantly increased in those patients who had lost more
      than 10 cm of ileum at operation, regardless of whether the primary condition had
      been ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. It was significantly increased in
      those patients who had had a resection of less than 10 cm of ileum if the
      original condition had been Crohn's disease, but not if it had been colitis.

PMID- 1218816
TI  - Gallbladder function, cholesterol stones, and bile composition.
AB  - Gallbladder bile obtained at operation from five patients with no symptoms of
      biliary disease was undersaturated with cholesterol in every case. However,
      gallbladder bile from patients with stones composed of 97-100% crystalline
      cholesterol was on average just saturated with cholesterol when the gallbladder
      was functioning and undersaturated when it was not. Regardless of gallbladder
      function, the patients with stones had on average significantly more cholesterol
      in their bile than in the control group, but the differences between the mean
      composition of bile from functioning and non-functioning gallbladders were not
      significant. Common duct bile from patients with non-functioning and functioning
      gallbladders was on average supersaturated with cholesterol, but there was
      significantly more bile salt and significantly less cholesterol in the bile from
      patients with non-functioning gallbladders. Only in the case of patients with
      functioning gallbladders did the mean composition of the common duct and
      gallbladder biles differ significantly. The former contained significantly more
      cholesterol and less bile salt than the latter. It is suggested that patients
      with non-functioning gallbladders may be 'autocholecystectomised' with the duct
      bile reverting to a more 'normal' composition.

PMID- 1218817
TI  - Progressive intrahepatic cholestasis (Byler's disease): case report.
AB  - This paper reports the case of a child in which the clinical and laboratory data
      indicate a progressive intrahepatic cholestasis of the type described as Byler's
      disease. The histological and  histochemical findings suggest an intrahepatic
      cholestasis. Electron microscopy reveals interruptions of the bile canalicular
      membrane, which have been  described as characteristic of this disease. A
      striking feature in the present case is the remarkable increase of
      microfilamentous structures in the pericanalicular ectoplasm and in the
      hepatocytic cytoplasm. The findings suggest a primary disturbance in bile acid
      secretion as the casue of cholestasis, entailing a hypertrophy of pericanalicular
      microfilaments which supposedly play a role in the final step of biliary
      secretion.

PMID- 1218818
TI  - Effect of vagotomy on secretin release in man.
AB  - The release of secretin by intraduodenal acid has been measured by means of a
      highly sensitive radioimmunoassay in 12 normal subjects, 23 duodenal ulcer
      patients, and 14 vagotomized patients (6 TV + P; 4 SV + P;4 HSV). A highly
      significant response occurred in all three groups. There was no significant
      difference between the groups either in the magnitude or timing of this response,
      though the absolute values for pre-stimulation and peak secretin were
      significantly smaller in preoperative duodenal ulcer patients than in either the
      normal subjects or the vagotomized patients. The secretin response was similar
      after truncal, selective, and highly selective vagotomy. These results suggest
      that secretin release is not dependent on intact vagal innervation of the small
      intestine in man.

PMID- 1218820
TI  - Alcohol tolerance after proximal gastric vagotomy.
AB  - Alcohol tolerance has been studied in 10 patients after proximal gastric vagotomy
      and six patients after truncal vagotomy and antrectomy. No difference in alcohol
      tolerance was found before and after proximal gastric vagotomy, while an
      increased rate of absorption with higher blood levels of alcohol were found after
      truncal vagotomy and antrectomy.

PMID- 1218819
TI  - Postprandial osmotic and fluid changes in the upper jejunum after truncal
      vagotomy and drainage in man.
AB  - The changes in osmotic pressure and the degree of marked dilution in the jejunal
      lumen after a hypertonic meal, have been studied in patients after truncal
      vagotomy and drainage, with and without diarrhoea, using an intraluminal
      intubation technique. The results suggest that neither the emptying of a
      hyperosmotic load from the stomach, nor its subsequent dilution in the jejunum
      have an important role in post-vagotomy diarrhoea.

PMID- 1218821
TI  - Mucosal lesions in the human small intestine in shock.
AB  - Characteristic mucosal lesions in resected small intestinal segments from seven
      patients are reported. Preoperatively, four patients were in shock and general
      hypotension while the three remaining cases showed signs of local intestinal
      hypotension. The microscopic appearance of the mucosal lesions was in all
      patients identical with that previously observed in the feline and canine small
      intestine after haemorrhage or local intestinal hypotension. It is proposed that
      an extravascular short-circuiting of oxygen in the mucosal countercurrent
      exchanger and an intravascular aggregation of blood cells might produce tissue
      hypoxia which makes the mucosa vulnerable to enzymatic degradation.

PMID- 1218822
TI  - Serum lysozyme in inflammatory bowel disease.
AB  - The mean concentrations of serum lysozyme were markedly higher in patients with
      Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis than in normal controls, and mean levels
      tended to be slightly higher in those with Crohn's disease than in those with
      colitis. The significance of these differences is unclear but the overlap between
      values in normal individuals and those with inflammatory bowel disease prevents
      the measurement having any discriminant value.

PMID- 1218825
TI  - [The problem of normal stability of the trapeziometacarpal joint].
AB  - In 50 healthy and asymptomatic people the stability of the trapeziometacarpal
      joint of the thumb was evaluated. A mean subluxation of 3,32 mm on the radial
      side (type 1), and of 0,32 mm on the dorsal side (type II) was found. At the
      minimum the joint was completely stable; the maximal value was 7 and 3 mm. Higher
      values must be estimated as pathological joint laxity.

PMID- 1218823
TI  - External pancreatic secretion after bombesin infusion in man.
AB  - The effect of bombesin on external pancreatic secretion was studied in seven
      healthy volunteers and intwo patients with a two-thirds gastrectomy and a
      pancreatic fistula. After bombesin infusion (15 ng/kg/min), gastrin levels were
      significantly raised in all volunteers, but remained at basal levels in the
      gastrectomized patients. Bombesin was effective in stimulating pancreatic
      secretion in all patients. The volume of secretion increased tow-fold when
      compared with basal volume. Amylase and trypsin concentrations and outputs in the
      duodenal juice were greatly agumented (amylase concentration: basal, 70 dye U/ml;
      post-bombesin, 620 dye U/ml. Amylase output: basal, 1000 dye U/15 min; post
      bombesin, 15,800 dye U/15 min). Secretin, when administered in conjunction with
      bombesin, partially inhibited its secretory effect. Bicarbonate secretion was
      slightly stimulated by bombesin, but at a very low level. A similar pattern of
      results was obtained in the two gastrectomized patients. In man, bombesin exerts
      an effect on pancreatic secretion that mimics the effect of CCK-PZ, thus
      confirming the results obtained in the experimental animal. Gastrin does not play
      a fundamental role in this phenomenon.

PMID- 1218824
TI  - Effect of secretin on release of heterogeneous forms of gastrin.
AB  - The effect of an intravenous injection of secretin on plasma gastrin
      concentration is shown to be dependent upon the relative concentration of the
      major forms of immunoreactive gastrin present in the plasma at the time of
      injection. Secretin suppressed gastrin secretion in the fasting state in patients
      in whose plasma heptadecapeptide and big gastrins predominated and did not
      suppress when big big gastrin comprised more than 90% of plasma gastrin
      immunoreactivity. The post-secretin decrease in plasma gastrin was due entirely
      to the disappearance of the smaller, more rapidly degraded forms. Food-stimulated
      gastrin response was suppressed by secretin for the initial 40 minutes after a
      test meal but was greater than usual from 40 to 120 minutes.

PMID- 1218826
TI  - [Treatment of pseudarthrosis of the scaphoid bone].
AB  - The best therapy for pseudarthrosis of the scaphoid bone is still contested.
      Various operative techniques are reviewed and our experience with 129 operations
      is discussed.

PMID- 1218827
TI  - [The technic of "sensorimotor" differentiated fascicular suture of peripheral
      nerves].
AB  - A method for the differentiation of motor and sensory nerve fibres of mixed
      peripheral nerves is presented. This method is based on the different content of
      acetylcholinesterase in motor and sensory nerve axons. The median and ulnar
      nerves of 13 human cadavers were biopsied at the wrist within three hours post
      mortem. All specimens were stained after the method of KARNOVSKY. The axons of
      the motor nerve fibres with their high content of acetylcholinesterase thus were
      marked. In all the examined ulnar nerves the motor fibres were found in the ulnar
      part. They were different in size and figure. In the median nerves only 1 to 3
      motor fascicles were found, which are localized in the palmar and radial section
      of the nerve. These motor fibres represent only a little part of the whole cross
      section of the median nerve. As a consequence of this method of differentiation
      between motor and sensory fibres the surgery of peripheral mixed nerves may be
      influenced.

PMID- 1218829
TI  - [Results of flexor tendon injuries. A comparative study of primary suture and
      secondary grafting].
AB  - This work describes the results of 75 flexor tendon repairs with all injuries
      involving the flexor tendons of the fingers either in the palm or in "no-man's
      land". Of these 75 cases, primary repair was performed in half the cases with
      flexor tendon grafts. Comparisons were made between these two varying methods of
      treatment, bearing in mind the nature and circumstances of the injury. In the
      group of primary tendon repairs, 60% of the patients showed good to very good
      results; in the grafted group, only 42% showed equally good results. From this
      study it is felt that primary tendon repair, when technically feasible, is the
      prefered procedure within the palm or the digits. Associated nerve and bone
      injuries were not found to be a contraindication to such an approach.

PMID- 1218828
TI  - [Mathematical considerations on nerve sutures].
AB  - Assuming that in nerve suture all proximal nerve fiber ends are connected to
      distal nerve fiber ends the mathematical probability of useful connections in a
      mixed nerve is evaluated. A connection between two motor fiber ends or between
      two sensory fiber ends is regarded as useful, whereas a connection between one
      motor end one sensory end is useless. It can be demonstrated, therefore, that the
      number of fiber ends, i. e. sensory or motor, which pre-dominate have the better
      chance for useful connections.

PMID- 1218830
TI  - [Cellular immunocompetence in adenocarcinoma of the breast].

PMID- 1218832
TI  - [Mediastinoscopy in lung cancer].

PMID- 1218831
TI  - [Intra-aortic balloon pumping in acute mitral insufficiency].

PMID- 1218833
TI  - [Recording the responses of the auditory system for evaluating hearing].

PMID- 1218835
TI  - [Treatment of Cushing's disease with op' DDD].

PMID- 1218836
TI  - [Partial lipodystrophy accompanied by nephrotic syndrome and hypoaldosteronism].

PMID- 1218834
TI  - [Subacute dissection of the aorta].

PMID- 1218837
TI  - [Australia antigen-positive postnecrotic cirrhosis masquerading as acute viral
      hepatitis].

PMID- 1218839
TI  - [The diagnostic value of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in liver disease].

PMID- 1218838
TI  - [The use of Beclofen in spastic cases].

PMID- 1218840
TI  - [Bee and wasp stings].

PMID- 1218841
TI  - [The importance of nutrition and of social environment to the mental development
      of children].

PMID- 1218843
TI  - [Drug induced renal damage].

PMID- 1218842
TI  - [Megacolon].

PMID- 1218845
TI  - [The work of W.H.O.--1974].

PMID- 1218844
TI  - [Acute viral diarrhea].

PMID- 1218846
TI  - [The future of philanthropic foundations].

PMID- 1218847
TI  - [The use of antibacterial drugs in renal failure].

PMID- 1218849
TI  - [The bacterial flora of the nasal mucosa of the horse. I. Gram-negative bacteria
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218848
TI  - [Direct effects on the rat of diethylstilboestrol (DES) and oestradiol given at
      low doses in the ration. Practical consequences (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218850
TI  - [Immune response to vaccination with live Newcastle disease virus and killed
      emulsified virus in chicks without specific parental antibodies or with high
      antibody titres (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218851
TI  - [Immunological studies on experimental dermatomycosis in the guinea-pig (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1218852
TI  - [Radiographic evaluation of skeletal development in trotting horses in relation
      to their athletic activity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1218853
TI  - [Post-natal parasitic infection of piglets in contact with infected mothers. a
      study of 20 sows and 164 piglets, 42 of which were killed at weaning (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1218854
TI  - [Dermatomycosis caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes with genital localization
      in equine species].

PMID- 1218855
TI  - Parathyroid function in acromegaly.
AB  - Parathyroid function was assessed in six acromegalic subjects by measurement of
      serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Only one patient had increased PTH
      levels. These findings suggest that hyperparathyroidism does not uniformly occur
      in acromegaly.

PMID- 1218856
TI  - Prolonged fasting in mice: a more sensitive approach to genetic diabetes.
AB  - Effects of two different periods of fasting were studied on glucose tolerance and
      insulin response to glucose in genetically diabetic KK and nondiabetic C57BL/6J
      mice. Blood sugar levels of the KK mice did not differ markedly from those of the
      C57BL/6J mice at the fed state or after 8 h fasting. They were, however,
      significantly higher in the KK mice when fasted for 18 h. The serum IRI levels,
      which were at least twice as high in the KK mice, decreased more markedly after
      18 h fasting. The KK mice showed impaired glucose tolerance after 8 h fasting,
      which became more pronounced after 18 h fasting. The insulin response to glucose
      in the KK mice was not altered after an 8-hour fast; it was, however, diminished
      greatly after an 18-hour fast. These data suggest that prolonged fasting is
      necessary to detect the diabetic traits in the KK mice. The C57BL/6J mice showed
      neither impaired glucose tolerance nor diminished insulin response to glucose at
      both periods of fasting. Studies with the F1 hybrids (KK male X C57BL/6J female),
      which carry half of the diabetic genes, suggest that the mode of inheritance of
      diabetes in the KK mice might be polygenic.

PMID- 1218857
TI  - Frequency of inborn errors of metabolism, especially PKU, in some representative
      newborn screening centers around the world: a collaborative study.

PMID- 1218858
TI  - A subtelocentric chromosome 9 in a dysplastic 18-year-old boy with dissociated
      mental development.
AB  - A subtelocentric C-group chromosome was identified as inv(9) (p24q12) in an 18
      year-old young man who shows few dysplastic signs and who suffers from
      dissociated mental development. Pericentric inversions producing an almost
      metacentri No. 9 have been reported in several studies. The frequency of which
      proved to be high. There is an apparent lack, however, of inverted acro- or
      subtelocentric No. 9 reported in the literature. This obvious difference in the
      break points on chromosome 9 is most likely due to 1. hot-spots for chromosome
      breakage i.e. highly susceptible regions such as the euchromatic-heterochromatic
      junctions. 2. a higher degree of elimination against such acro- or subtelocentric
      chromosomes from one generation to the other.

PMID- 1218859
TI  - The Bf locus in the HLA region of chromosome 6: linkage and association studies.
AB  - Bf allele frequencies in a material of 172 unrelated Norwegians are given. Bf/HLA
      linkage relations in 49 informative matings with 178 children, and Bf/HLA
      association data of a material of 212 Bf-HLA haplotypes are presented. Of 171
      informative meioses, there were no Bf-HLA-B recombinations, while 3 out of 158 Bf
      HLA-A informative meioses showed recombination. There is significant association
      between the BfF and the HLA-BW35 allele. It is concluded that the Bf locus is
      situated on the HLA-B side of HLA-A within the HLA region, in very close
      proximity to HLA-B.

PMID- 1218860
TI  - Trisomy 9p due to paternal translocation, t(9;13) (q13;q12).
AB  - A 16-year-old girl with trisomy 9p is described. She had a short stature, severe
      mental retardation and the following abnormal clinical findings: peculiar face
      with hypertelorism, downward slanting palpebral fissures, convergent strabismus,
      a bulbous nose with broad and prominent bridge, short upper lip, narrow, high
      arched palate; short neck with low hairline; severe kyphoscoliosis and a
      congenital clubfoot deformity; hypoplasia and dysplasia of several phalanges of
      the fingers and toes and some nails, a delay by about 6 years in bone age, and
      remarkable dermatoglyphic patterns. The father and 3 other family members carried
      a balanced translocation between chromosomes 9 and 13, t(9;13)(q13;q12).

PMID- 1218861
TI  - Sister chromatid exchanges and chromatid interchanges in bloom's syndrome.
AB  - A comparison is made between the incidences of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE)
      per chromosome and group of chromosomes and breakage, visible at metaphase like
      open gaps, breaks, and breaks involved in chromatid interchange formation (CI) in
      Bloom's syndrome. It can be shown that the two levels of breakage SCE and CI are
      not correlated as to the locations. The discussion deals with possible
      interpretations of preferential breakage and reunion at certain homologous
      chromosomes and the difficulties today to understand SCEs.

PMID- 1218862
TI  - A technique for in situ karyotyping of primary amniotic fluid cell cultures.
AB  - A time proven technique is described for growing amniotic fluid cell cultures on
      cover glasses in Leighton tubes and for processing the mitotic cells in situ.
      Karyotyping the clones in situ eliminates most of the problems caused by somatic
      chromosome mutations in vitro and by maternal cell growth.

PMID- 1218863
TI  - Climate associated variations in the human serum albumin level.
AB  - Quantitative determinations of the human serum albumin level showed significantly
      higher values in tropical (Negroes 46.98 mg/ml, Indians 54.30 mg/ml) than in non
      tropical populations (Germans 44.41 mg/ml). These observations are in agreement
      with those of several other authors. It is assumed that these variations in the
      serum albumin level are related to climate, and that they may indicate some
      biological advantage of higher albumin levels under the climatic conditions of
      tropical biotops. This hypothesis is discussed considering several aspects.

PMID- 1218864
TI  - Cytological and cytogenetical studies on brain tumors. VI. No evidence for a
      translocation in 22-monosomic meningiomas.
AB  - The recently detected reciprocal translocations in chronic myeloic leucemia (CML)
      and Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) made it necessary to clarify if meningiomas really
      show the described monosomy 22 or also a translocation. In 10 out of 12
      meningiomas a total or partial translocation of the missing chromosome 22 to
      another chromosome could be ruled out by fluorescence banding analysis. Two
      meningiomas showed marker chromosomes of such a complex composition that it was
      impossible to decide if a 22 translocation was present or not. From these results
      it was concluded that meningioma cells, in contrast to CML and BL, show almost
      regularly a loss of a definitive part of their genome.

PMID- 1218866
TI  - Echocardiography.

PMID- 1218865
TI  - Warner Heart Oration (1975). Antecedents of ventricular fibrillation in acute
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1218867
TI  - Evaluation of a new coronary prognostic index. A study from coronary care unit.

PMID- 1218868
TI  - Cardiomyopathy. Biopsy correlation.

PMID- 1218870
TI  - Circulatory studies in respiratory failure due to acute exacerbations of chronic
      obstructive airway disease and the effects of breathing 35% oxygen.

PMID- 1218869
TI  - Cardiogenic pericardial and pleural pressure pulse contour in dog without
      thoracotomy.

PMID- 1218871
TI  - Lipid protein inter-relationship in aortic tissue of experimentally induced
      atherosclerosis in rabbits and its alteration by Bengal gram.

PMID- 1218872
TI  - Prognostic factors in Cerbera Odollum poisoning.

PMID- 1218873
TI  - Studies on aminotransferases in the developing ovary of the silkworm Bombyx mori
      L.

PMID- 1218874
TI  - Aminotransferases in the larvae of the insect Corcyra cephalonica St.

PMID- 1218875
TI  - Glucoamylases of Aspergillus niger NRRL 330.

PMID- 1218876
TI  - Changes in the activities of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and lipid
      peroxidation caused by benzene and toluene.

PMID- 1218877
TI  - Studies on phospholipases of chicken intestine.

PMID- 1218878
TI  - Differential synthesis of proteins by T4 phage & its head protein amber mutant.

PMID- 1218879
TI  - Molecular force constants from quantum-chemical calculations.

PMID- 1218880
TI  - Biophysical characterization of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts isolated
      from the leaves of Eleusine coracana, an aspartate-type C-4 plant : Part I. Light
      absorbing photosynthetic pigment composition.

PMID- 1218881
TI  - Factors influencing the biosynthesis of aflatoxins.

PMID- 1218882
TI  - Sex differences in susceptibility to experimental induction of pantothenic acid
      deficiency in rats.

PMID- 1218883
TI  - Radiation effects on rat testes : on the mechanism of radio-protection by
      dopamine and FSH.

PMID- 1218884
TI  - Physiology of low temperature acclimation : triggering of biochemical changes by
      hormone-like action of injected nerve tissue extracts.

PMID- 1218885
TI  - Gamma amino butyric acid as a function of cold acclimation in the brain of frog.

PMID- 1218886
TI  - Partial purification and some properties of dihydrofolate reductase from soybean
      seedlings.

PMID- 1218887
TI  - Endogenous inhibitor of carboxypeptidase A from goat pancreas.

PMID- 1218888
TI  - Serological relationships between rabbit immunoglobulin allotypes controlled by
      the b locus.

PMID- 1218889
TI  - Evidence for an ancestral immunoglobulin gene coding for half a domain.

PMID- 1218891
TI  - The effect of concanavalin A on the early components of the complement system.

PMID- 1218890
TI  - Immunochemical studies of tobacco mosaic virus--I: refutation of the alleged
      homogeneous binding of purified antibody fragments.

PMID- 1218892
TI  - Antibody specificity and diversity: a combinatorial force-mosaic hypothesis.

PMID- 1218893
TI  - Rabbit homocytotropic antibody response to horseradish peroxidase: the role of
      contaminating antigens.

PMID- 1218894
TI  - Retardation of ovarian compensatory hypertrophy by barbiturates in albino rats.

PMID- 1218895
TI  - Histochemical localization of 3 beta-, 11 beta- & 17 beta-hydroxysteroid &
      glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases in the interrenal tissue of the white-breasted
      water hen Amaurornis phoenicurus chinensis (Boddaert).

PMID- 1218896
TI  - Physiological effects of scorpion venom on frog gastrocnemius muscle.

PMID- 1218897
TI  - Seasonal variation in the structure & function of testis & thumb pad in the frog
      Rana tigrina (Daud.).

PMID- 1218899
TI  - Blood & hepatic changes during undernutrition in rats.

PMID- 1218898
TI  - Hepatic drug hydroxylation & lipid peroxidation during benzene treatment & the
      effect of phenobarbital & 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment in adult rats.

PMID- 1218900
TI  - Distribution & synthesis of glycogen in the scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes (C. L.
      Koch).

PMID- 1218901
TI  - Studies on Leptadenia reticulata: lactogenic effects on rats.

PMID- 1218903
TI  - DNA replication in polytene chromosomes of Drosophila pseudoobscura: new facts &
      their implications.

PMID- 1218902
TI  - Effect of steroids on the spermatogenesis in the frog Rana hexadactyla lesson.

PMID- 1218904
TI  - Interspecies migration of nuclear proteins in Amoeba heterokaryons.

PMID- 1218905
TI  - Cell reaggregation & its temperature sensitivity.

PMID- 1218906
TI  - Antithiamine effect of methyl sinapate on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus &
      on rat erythrocyte transketolase activity.

PMID- 1218908
TI  - Inhibition of spermatogenesis in the pigeon, Columba livia Gmelin, following the
      administration of methallibure (ICI 33828): a confirmation.

PMID- 1218907
TI  - Effect of oral administration of phenobarbital on the reproductive organs &
      fertility of male rats.

PMID- 1218909
TI  - A reinvestigation of the effects of alpha-chlorohydrin on the epididymides of rat
      & gerbil (Meriones hurrianae Jerdon).

PMID- 1218910
TI  - Serum zinc level in sheep.

PMID- 1218912
TI  - Serological studies on staphylococci from bovine udder.

PMID- 1218911
TI  - Hyaluronidase activity of human endometrial tissues & uterine fluids.

PMID- 1218913
TI  - Variation in acetylcholine content of rat brain with ethanol.

PMID- 1218915
TI  - Study of Salmonella gallinarum infection in chicks by gas liquid chromatography.

PMID- 1218914
TI  - Total protein of levator ani muscle as an index of anabolic activity.

PMID- 1218916
TI  - Use of photoresistor for the measurement of light absorption in cytophotometer.

PMID- 1218917
TI  - Effect of chemosterilants on immature stages of red cotton bug Dysdercus
      cingulatus F.

PMID- 1218918
TI  - Effects of minerals on the production of methionine by Micrococcus glutamicus.

PMID- 1218919
TI  - Antibody mediated injury to pancreas & susceptibility to infections.

PMID- 1218920
TI  - Experimental production of cardiac lesion by immunologic means.

PMID- 1218921
TI  - Mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias induced on stimulation of supramedullary centres
      in cats.

PMID- 1218922
TI  - Metabolic studies on the effect of hydrazine sulphate & isoniazid on newborn &
      adult swiss mice.

PMID- 1218923
TI  - Observations on the nature of resistance in Spodoptera litura (F.) (Noctuidae:
      Lepidoptera) to infection by Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner.

PMID- 1218924
TI  - Induction of cellulolytic enzymes in Streptomyces caespitosus.

PMID- 1218925
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism in human Fallopian tubes.

PMID- 1218926
TI  - Peritoneal reactions with some of the tubal occlusive agents.

PMID- 1218927
TI  - Incorporation of 14C-acetate into cerebral & hepatic lipids in preweanling rats
      during undernutrition.

PMID- 1218928
TI  - Experimental studies on the function of thyroid gland during hypothermia using
      131I.

PMID- 1218929
TI  - Mutant cell lysing property of Jawaharene.

PMID- 1218930
TI  - Ascorbic acid metabolism in mice treated with tetracycline & chloramphenicol.

PMID- 1218931
TI  - Effect of aflatoxin on the haematological picture of albino rats & guineapigs.

PMID- 1218933
TI  - Microbial decomposition of 2-ethylpyridine, 2,4-lutidine & 2,4,6-collidine.

PMID- 1218932
TI  - Histopathological lesions in the hepatopancreas of fishes exposed to industrial
      pollutants.

PMID- 1218934
TI  - Experimental induction of hyperglycemia in Lymnaea luteola Lamarck.

PMID- 1218935
TI  - Effect of some inhibitors on neomycin formation by Streptomyces fradiae 3535.

PMID- 1218936
TI  - Acetoin & diacetyl production by yeasts.

PMID- 1218937
TI  - Bronchodilator trials in byssinosis.

PMID- 1218938
TI  - Clonidine hydrochloride (catapres) in the management of hypertension.

PMID- 1218941
TI  - Giant harmartoma of lung.

PMID- 1218940
TI  - Large sized thymic tumour and associated therapeutic problems.

PMID- 1218939
TI  - Peak expiratory flow rate in healthy adults.

PMID- 1218942
TI  - Hematological values at birth in Indian newborns (a study of 216 samples).

PMID- 1218943
TI  - Progress in vascular surgery (a report of experience over two decades).

PMID- 1218944
TI  - Simultaneous electrophoretic separations of serum lipoproteins and proteins on
      agarose.

PMID- 1218945
TI  - Splenic lipidoses (a clinicopathological study of primary and secondary
      haemolipidoses).

PMID- 1218946
TI  - The aberrant replacing arteries.

PMID- 1218947
TI  - Anthropometric measurements and physical characteristics in the assessment of
      neonatal maturity.

PMID- 1218948
TI  - Defective articulation in children.

PMID- 1218950
TI  - Candiduria in children. Report of two cases in boys with phimosis.

PMID- 1218949
TI  - Nutritional anthropometry of 1000 children dwelling in slum areas of Jaipur
      compared to that of 500 children of the elite.

PMID- 1218951
TI  - Poisoning in children.

PMID- 1218952
TI  - Editorial: Trachoma--a national problem.

PMID- 1218954
TI  - Smoking and disorders of gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1218953
TI  - Distribution of parasitic infestation among hospital patients in Bankura--1962
      1969.

PMID- 1218956
TI  - Trial of prototype hypospray jet injector for TAB inoculation.

PMID- 1218955
TI  - A goitre survey in Sillod Taluka, Aurangabad District, Maharastra State.

PMID- 1218957
TI  - Diode pump cochlear audition theory.
AB  - A model of the cochlea is developed whereby the motion of the basilar membrane
      due to sound pressure in the scala media creates, through the pivotal motion of
      the pillars of Corti, modulated pressure on the fluid in the inner sulcus. This
      modulated pressure causes fluid to flow through the tectorial gap at selected
      longitudinal positions along the basilar membrane causing excitation or
      inhibition of the hair cell activity depending upon the direction of fluid flow.
      Specific functional relationships are developed for a two component model
      composed of a resonant and a nonresonant region. Relevant experimental data show
      good agreement with the predictions of the model.

PMID- 1218958
TI  - Visual localization and discrimination in squirrel monkeys with bilateral lesions
      of the superior colliculus.
AB  - This study measured the effects of superior colliculus (SC) lesions on skill at
      localizing stationary or moving objects, and on ability to discriminate between
      objects which differed in pattern or brightness in squirrel monkeys. Bilateral
      electrolytic lesions of the SC were made in 8 monkeys (EXP group); the lesions in
      5 (SC group) were restricted essentially to the SC (22-25% damaged), the other 3
      had additional unilateral damage to the midbrain reticular formation (10 to 14%
      damage to SC). The control group (N = 15) consisted of 9 unoperated, 3 sham
      operated, and 3 lesioned-control monkeys. General cage behavior of the EXP group
      was not significantly changed as a result of the lesions. Eye movements were
      observed in all monkeys with SC lesions. Pupillary constrictions to light were
      also present except for a temporary unilateral mydriasis (two cases). On tests
      which measured reaction time, localization ability, and brightness
      discrimination, performance between the SC and control groups did not differ
      significantly. The SC group compared with controls, however, required more total
      trials to learn to criterion the pattern discrimination (p less than .05), and
      made significantly fewer correct choices (p less than .02) at the middle delay
      interval of the delayed response test. The two groups did not differ
      significantly at the shorter or longer delays. With regard to the possible neural
      mechanism, it is suggested that the SC of primates may influence level of arousal
      and contribute to ability to discriminate visual detail.

PMID- 1218959
TI  - Figural after-effects of Kohler and Wallach reinterpreted.
AB  - A theory of perception is extended to figural after-effects which has been used
      already to rationalize the illusory phenomena of static visual illusions,
      fluctuating figures and visual illusions of motion. The theory proposes three
      laws of perception. All of the extensive observations of Kohler and Wallach are
      rationalized under these laws embodying the present theoretical orientation. The
      theory maintains that the experience of perception occurs only during the
      interaction of forces introduced by a pattern with the forces characteristic of
      the brain in order to produce the greatest equilibrium within the two systems of
      forces. A pattern is not reproduced in the brain. A pattern produces a system of
      forces. Neither the image of the pattern nor its forces impinging on the nervous
      system produce the perceptual experience. It is during the process of interaction
      of the forces of the pattern with the forces of the brain and only during this
      interaction that perception is experience. This interaction is a constant process
      to integrate the incompatibilities existing between the two system of forces.

PMID- 1218960
TI  - Three principles of brain function and structure.
AB  - A large part of the presently available data in the physiology and anatomy of the
      nervous system is found to be consistent with three comparatively simple
      principles. Phrased in the terminology introduced in the paper, the first of
      these expresses the assumption of specificity of neuron response, the second
      states the biological equivalent of a maximum principle believed to govern the
      formation and modication of interneuronal connectivity, and the third describes
      the probable role of genetically determined gross anatomy in securing the
      groundwork for developing neurospecificity. A number of remarks are included, and
      an extensive discussion of the evidence behind the principles.

PMID- 1218961
TI  - Family unit therapy, the institution of the family and positive mental health.
AB  - Family unit therapy (F. U. T.) is conceptually differentiated from family member
      therapy (F. M. T). Clinical material is used to demonstrate the potential of F.
      U. T. for inducing positive-adaptive changes in the family, as a system, and in
      the functioning of its members, as related to Emotional Capital (EC), Autonomy
      (A), Self-Regulation (SR) and Competence (C). The implications of this experience
      and of some family research for social action are discussed. Questions are also
      raised about established and socially significant diagnostic and treatment
      practices, in dealing with emotionally and intellectually deprived children who
      are slow to develop.

PMID- 1218962
TI  - Positive mental health, Western society and the family.
AB  - Positive mental health is used as a bio-adaptive concept, operationally defined
      in terms of four components: emotional capital (EC), autonomy (A), self
      regulation (SR) and competence (C). It is argued that the current adaptive crisis
      of Western man is due, amongst other factors, to the failure of key social
      institutions in Western Society, including the family, to provide conditions
      conducive to the development and/or exercise of these components of mental
      health. Western man's solutions to this adaptive crisis are shown to fall into
      two categories-one, representing destructive (anarchist) and the other, a
      constructive approach. The position is taken that the latter approach needs to be
      applied more extensively in the functional rehabilitation of the family.

PMID- 1218963
TI  - Safeguarding children at risk early screening in order to avoid less obvious
      handicaps or malfunctions.

PMID- 1218964
TI  - Experiences with dyslexic children. 1. Diagnostic criteria. 2. Teaching methods.

PMID- 1218965
TI  - Goal-striving discrepancy stress in urban Filipino men: II. Housing.
AB  - As part of a larger investigation of social/psychological stress and psychiatric
      adaptation in urban Manila, efforts were made to study the effects of goal
      striving discrepancy stress in housing among Filipino men from different age
      groups and social classes. Goal-striving discrepancy stress is an organismic
      state characterized by tension and discomfort due to discrepancies between
      aspirations and achievements. Several studies have demononstrated that goal
      striving discrepancy stress are asociated with psychiatric disorder. The present
      study focused upon the discrepancies between aspiration and achievements in
      housing among Filipino men. Housing constitutes one of man's basic problems in
      urban societies; however, in spite of the fact that housing is related to
      psychiatric adaptation, relatively few studies have been made of this problem. It
      is important to recognize that housing has numerous psychological implications
      for an individual. It is a symbol of social status and social acceptance and
      greatly influences an individual's view of himself and others. Some investigators
      have even suggested that housing may be construed as a symbolic representation of
      the mother-child relationship. For the present investigation, twelve housing
      characteristics considered to be important to Filipinos e. g., size, cost,
      location, ownership of land, etc., were derived and ninety-six Filipino males
      from different age groups and social classes were asked to indicate both their
      aspiration and their actual achievement for each of the twelve housing
      characteristics. Goal-striving discrepancies were obtained by subtracting the
      aspirational endorsements from the achievement endorsements. The discrepancy
      scores were then correlated with various psychiatric symptom patterns through
      factor analysis. Results of the investigation revealed profound social class
      differences in the amount of goal-striving discrepancy stress. ......

PMID- 1218966
TI  - Degree of pathology as related to readiness to accept labels in process and
      reactive schizophrenics.
AB  - Two experiments were performed in order to determine whether readiness to accept
      deviant labels, as measured by acquiescence set, interacts with type of
      schizophrenia (process vs. reactive) to influence level of pathology. It was
      found on both a behavioral measure and a psychometric measure of psychopathology
      that high acquiescent process schizophrenics manifested more pathology than did
      either low acquiescent process or reactive schizophrenics, both of whom showed
      more pathology than high acquiescent reactive schizophrenics. The results suggest
      that one's acceptance of deviant labels as well as one's past history of being
      assigned social and evaluative labels may influence the patient's level of
      pathology. Scheff (1966), in viewing the mental patient from a sociological
      perspective, suggests that an important determinant of mental disorder is the
      acceptance by the deviant individual of the various labels which stigmatize him
      as mentally ill. If this is the case, then individual differences in readiness to
      accept or agree with labels about oneself may be related to the degree of
      pathology manifested in a psychiatric population. The present authors sought to
      determine if acquiescence set, as measured by the Agreement Response Scale (Couch
      & Keniston, 1960), is related to degree of pathology in schizophrenic patients.
      The Agreement Response Scale was used as a measure of the general tendency to
      acquiesce to or agree with personality statements or labels. The investigators
      performed two experiments, in Experiment 1 a behavioral measure of pathology was
      used and in Experiment 2 a psychometric measure of pathology was used. In
      addition, the schizophrenic Ss were grouped according to the process-reactive
      distinction as the reactive schizophrenic may be expected to have a more
      favorable history of labeling than would the process schizophrenic.

PMID- 1218968
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of abortion in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1218967
TI  - Intrafamilial interpersonal environment of schizophrenic patients of Hindu
      families.

PMID- 1218970
TI  - Activation of lipase by a factor present in the gall-bladder epithelium.
AB  - The action of a bovine gall-bladder extract is studied on two lipolytic systems:
      the pancreas lipase and the plasma lipoproteinlipase. For pancreas lipase the
      lipolytic activity of pancreas homogenates of different species is evaluated in
      the presence of different quantities of gall-bladder extract. For plasma
      lipoproteinlipase, the enzyme is induced by injection of optimal doses of heparin
      associated with different quantities of gall-bladder extract and the activity is
      evaluated by measuring the clarifying power of the plasmas of the treated
      animals. The results confirm that the gall-bladder contains a factor activating
      the pancreas lipase and put in evidence some differences between lipase
      activities in different species. For plasma lipolytic activation, the action of
      the gall-bladder extract is particularly evident in the inductive phase of
      lipoproteinlipase, according to a typical process of saturation.

PMID- 1218969
TI  - In vitro enzymatic conversion of pantothenylcysteine-4'-phosphate into
      cysteamine.
AB  - In vivo production of taurine can not proceed from cysteine via the action of
      cysteinsulphinic acid-decarboxylase in those mammalian organs where this
      enzymatic activity is absent, such as heart. The possibility of existence of
      another metabolic way is strengthened by the experimental finding that, in vitro,
      cysteamine is obtained from pantothenylcysteine-4'-phosphate through the combined
      action of two mammalian enzymes, i.e. pantothenylcysteine-4'-phosphate
      decarboxylase and pantetheinase, used in partially purified forms. This new route
      should be related to the known biosynthetic pathway of CoA.

PMID- 1218971
TI  - In vivo effects of octanoate and oleate on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
      during germination of Pinus pinea seeds.
AB  - During our investigation on the effect of some fatty acids on the germination of
      Pinus pinea seeds (Vincenzini et al., 1973), we noted a marked decrease of G6PDH
      activity when octanoate or oleate were added to the culture medium. In an attempt
      to provide biochemical information on the effect of free fatty acids on G6PDH
      activity, in vivo, during Pinus pinea seeds germination, we tested different
      concentrations of octanoate and oleate added to the culture medium. Moreover
      other enzymes of fundamental metabolic pathways were also considered,
      particularly 6PGDH, the second enzyme of HMS.

PMID- 1218972
TI  - The Ca2+-dependent incorporation of nitrogenous bases into brain microsomal
      phospholipid subspecies in vitro.
AB  - The specificity  of the Ca2+-stimulated choline and ethanolamine incorporation
      into the molecular subspecies of the correspondent choline and ethanolamine
      phosphoglycerides has been investigated in vitro in rat brain microsomes. In the
      presence of 5.0 mM Ca2+-ions and at pH 8.1, choline was incorporated 6 times
      faster into the tetraenoic diacyl-glycero-3-phosphorylcholines (diacyl-GPCs or
      lecithins) than into the saturated subspecies. The specific activities of the
      other species were intermediary, and decreased with increasing saturation.
      Hexaenoic species of lecithins were however weakly labelled. The rate of
      labelling of diacyl-GPC molecular subspecies was affected noticeably by changing
      the pH and the Ca2+-ion concentration of the incubation medium. Ethanolamine was
      incorporated in the presence of 2.5 mM Ca2+-ions and at pH 8.1 preferentially
      into the monoenoic species of total ethanolamine phosphoglycerides of rat brain
      microsomes. The rate of incorporation into the monoenoic species was twice that
      into the trienoic, tetraenoic and hexaenoic and 4 times faster that into the
      dienoic species. When the pattern of labelling was determined specifically for
      the molecular subspecies of diacyl-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamines (diacyl-GPEs
      or phosphatidylethanolamines), the rate of incorporation of ethanolamine into the
      hexaenoic species resulted three times faster that into the saturated and
      monoenoic species and about twice that into the trienoic and tetraenoic species,
      in accordance with data for liver microsomes. The pattern of labelling of the
      molecular subspecies of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides and of diacyl-GPEs was not
      influenced by changing the pH and the Ca2+-ion concentration of the incubation
      medium.

PMID- 1218974
TI  - Proceedings: Development of IgM and IgG antibody response in newborn and young
      mice.

PMID- 1218973
TI  - Effects of cortisone on lymphocyte homing.

PMID- 1218975
TI  - Proceedings: The immune response potential of inbred mouse strains to two ordered
      peptides of tyrosine and glutamic acid as compared with their response to random
      (T,G)-A--L.

PMID- 1218979
TI  - Proceedings: Analysis of cell populations in murine lymphatic.

PMID- 1218978
TI  - Proceedings: Uptake and degradation of Ag and Ag Ab complexes by differently
      stimulated macrophages.

PMID- 1218980
TI  - Proceedings: Delineation of distinct subpopulations of human thymus cells.

PMID- 1218976
TI  - Proceedings: Hemagglutinating and opsonic adherent activity in serum and
      bronchial washings in mice after intranasal or intraperitoneal immunization.
      Rosette-formation of lung and spleen lymphoid cells by respiratory administration
      of sheep red blood cells.

PMID- 1218981
TI  - Proceedings: Isolation and partial chemical characterization of thymus humoral
      factor, a thymic hormone involved in immune maturation of lymphoid cells.

PMID- 1218982
TI  - Proceedings: Control of autoreactivity by a humoral factor of the thymus.

PMID- 1218977
TI  - Proceedings: Proliferation of macrophage precursor cells and its relation to
      bacterial endotoxin.

PMID- 1218983
TI  - Proceedings: The helper effect of mixed lymphocyte culture supernatants on an in
      vitro T cell-mediated mouse transplantation reaction.

PMID- 1218984
TI  - Proceedings: Immunosuppression by embryonic liver cells: a model for
      establishment of tolerance to self.

PMID- 1218985
TI  - Proceedings: Alloantigenic characterization of responder cells in the mixed
      lymphocyte reaction.

PMID- 1218986
TI  - Proceedings: Time lapse cinematography of lymphocyte transformation of lytic
      interaction of blast cells with target fibroblasts.

PMID- 1218987
TI  - Proceedings: Immune plasma-dependent cytotoxicity of immune and nonimmune
      peripheral lymphoid cells to target cells coated with bacterial outer unit
      membrane.

PMID- 1218988
TI  - Proceedings: Cellular immunity to myelin basic proteins in experimental allergic
      neuritis and in related human disorders.

PMID- 1218989
TI  - Proceedings: Thymus, acetylcholine receptor and myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1218990
TI  - Proceedings: Hybridization kinetics of RNA and DNA from mouse lymphoid cells
      following immunization.

PMID- 1218991
TI  - Proceedings: Immunopharmacology of a potent opiate, fentanyl. Development of
      radioimmunoassay and prevention of effects by immunologic means.

PMID- 1218992
TI  - Proceedings: Quantitative determination of fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products
      by viro-immunoassay.

PMID- 1218993
TI  - Proceedings: Daunomycin and adriamycin antitumor cell antibody conjugates.

PMID- 1218994
TI  - Proceedings: in vitro destruction of 3LL tumor cells by syngeneic in vitro
      sensitized lymphocytes.

PMID- 1218996
TI  - Proceedings: Normal immunosuppressive protein and immunologic surveillance.

PMID- 1218995
TI  - Proceedings: Recent studies with the methanol extraction residue fraction of
      tubercle bacilli (MER): efficacy of distal administration against solid tumors of
      experimental animals, and stimulation of cellular immunologic responsiveness in
      cancer patients.

PMID- 1218997
TI  - Proceedings: Degradation of antitumor antibodies by lysosomal enzymes: the
      blocking effect of the degradation products.

PMID- 1218998
TI  - Proceedings: Immunological cross-reactivity of antibodies to a synthetic
      undecapeptide of carcino-embryonic antigen with the intact protein and with human
      sera.

PMID- 1218999
TI  - Proceedings: Membrane-related antigens in pleural fluids of patients with breast
      cancer.

PMID- 1219000
TI  - Proceedings: A circulating cell membrane-related autoantigen-autoantibody system
      in human sera.

PMID- 1219002
TI  - Internal properties of the CASH nursing care evaluation instrument.
AB  - This article reports an analysis of the internal properties of an instrument that
      has been widely used to measure the quality of nursing care. Three-fourths of the
      106 questions in the instrument failed to meet minimum standard psychometric test
      criteria. The better questions dealt with housekeeping rather than nursing
      duties; the instrument would appear to be reliable as a measure of cleanliness
      and orderliness, but not of actual nursing care.

PMID- 1219001
TI  - The index of medical underservice: problems in meaning, measurement, and use.

PMID- 1219003
TI  - Patient referral differences among specialties.
AB  - Data from the Seventh Periodic Survey of Physicians are examined for differences
      in referral rates among five major medical specialties. Referral rates for each
      specialty are regressed against physician-related and patient-related predictor
      variables. On the basis of Freidson's distinction between "colleague-dependent"
      and "client-dependent" specialties, the hypothesis tested is that physician
      related variables explain more of the variance in referral rates of colleague
      dependent than of client-dependent specialists. Although this use of Freidson's
      classification is not strongly supported by the results, the variables found to
      correlate with referral differences suggest that public policies aimed to
      increase access to care may produce a reduction in continuity of care as an
      unintended second-order effect.

PMID- 1219004
TI  - Accuracy of a health interview survey in measuring chronic illness prevalence.
AB  - The accuracy of a household health interview survey in measuring the prevalence
      of chronic illness was tested by comparing survey responses with the same
      respondents' medical records. Results indicate that the survey is far from a
      perfect discriminator of recorded medical status. The false-positive rate was 25
      percent, and the rate of false negatives was nearly 40 percent. False positives
      were greater for Mexican-Americans and other nonwhites than for white
      respondents. The household health interview survey is nonetheless an important
      planning tool since it reflects respondents' perceived health levels, which may
      be used to predict utilization of primary medical services.

PMID- 1219006
TI  - Quality of medical care: a factor analysis approach using medical records.
AB  - A relatively inexpensive, reliable, and unobtrusive method is described for
      measuring the content of medical care. Factor analysis of the content of the
      records of more than 11,000 physician-patient encounters from six different
      health insurance plans extracted four main factors or dimensions that together
      explained 42 percent of the variance in record content. Appropriate names for
      these dimensions appear to be: "prevention," "rationality," "verification," and
      "continuity." The method is tested by scoring the six insurance plans on the four
      factors.

PMID- 1219007
TI  - Health services and health status.

PMID- 1219005
TI  - Successive intervals analysis of preference measures in a health status index.
AB  - The method of successive intervals, a procedure for obtaining equal intervals
      from category data, is applied to social preference data for a health status
      index. Several innovations are employed, including an approximate analysis of
      variance test for determining whether the intervals are of equal width, a
      regression model for estimating the width of the end intervals in finite scales,
      and a transformation to equalize interval widths and estimate item locations on
      the new scale. A computer program has been developed to process large data sets
      with a larger number of categories than previous programs.

PMID- 1219008
TI  - [Hearing disturbances in multiple sclerosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Dizziness and provoked or even spontaneous nystagmus are common findings in
      multiple sclerosis. Disturbances of hearing are thought to be rare, and there are
      few case reports in the literature. The importance of characterizing the
      audiometric abnormalities of disseminated encephalomyelitic disease of uncertain
      neurological aetiology is stressed. They may be defined as follows: 1. The pure
      tone threshold level may be normal or may be seen as a flat loss. 2. Pulse tones
      are better heard that continuous tones (Bekesy, tone decay tests). 3. Recruitment
      or its equivalents demonstrate hearing impairment at neural or neuronal levels.
      4. The acoustico-facial reflex (impedance audiometry) cannot be elicited or is
      obviously reduced on the affected side. 5. Intelligibility of numbers in speech
      audiometry is not altered or may be better than that expected on the pure tone
      threshold findings. The intelligibility of monosyllabic words is obviously bad. 6
      Dichotic discrimination of speech may be completely absent on one side even
      though the pure tone threshold is near normal. Multiple sclerosis primarly
      involves the central nerve fibres. The presence of remissions distinguishes the
      disease from vascular lesions and from acoustic neuromas. An audiological
      approach offers a new application of otology in neurological practice.

PMID- 1219009
TI  - [Radical mastoidectomy in the treatment of masked mastoiditis (author's transl)].
AB  - Endocranial complications, which are undiagnosed or diagnosed late, present the
      greatest danger in masked mastoiditis. Inadequate treatment will inevitably
      result in irreversible and progredient loss of conductive hearing. In children,
      deterioration of the general condition and disturbances in physical development
      are frequently the first symptoms indicating mastoid infection. Because its
      pathohistological specifity, a reliable interruption and elimination of the
      mastoid infection can only be achieved by radiacal mastoidectomy. Negative
      criticism of mastoidectomy is not supported by recent clinical results. This
      paper suggests an early indication of radical mastoidectomy in masked
      mastoiditis.

PMID- 1219010
TI  - [Decompression of the orbit in malignant exophthalmos (author's transl)].
AB  - Transantral decompression of the orbit for malignant exophthalmos can be
      recommended on the experiences of Walsh and Ogura, and Gorman et al. The case of
      a 70 year old man with exophthalmos and marked deterioration of bilateral visual
      acuity that recovered postoperatively is reported. The exophthalmos disappeared
      completely.

PMID- 1219011
TI  - [The legal situation of the physician in the treatment of under-age patients
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Legal questions relative to the common and special understanding of care, to the
      valid consent to diagnostic or operative procedures, and to the professional
      discretion involved in the treatment of under-aged patients are discussed.
      Consideration is given to the different applications of law which utilize either
      the patient's age group or his intellectual faculty as an underlying basis for a
      legal decision.

PMID- 1219012
TI  - [Reconstruction of tracheal stenosis at thoracic inlet level (author's transl)].
AB  - Complex operative cases of tracheal stenosis in the region of the thoracic inlet
      are described. The stenosed tracheas were additionally constricted by: a
      dislocated osteomyelitic clavicle, which was tethered by scar-tissue; an osteoma
      of the manubrium sterni; a goitre, which was fixed into the thoracic inlet by
      scar tissue of an early childhood tracheostomy; and a retrosternal goitre. In two
      further cases the reconstruction of a long tracheal stenosis at the thoracic
      inlet was complicated by an existing paraplegia.

PMID- 1219014
TI  - Relationship of psychopathology to death in asthmatic adolescents.
AB  - With the help of three illustrative cases, all of whom died during an acute
      asthmatic attack, it is proposed that patients with severe psychopathology who
      also have asthma are particularly susceptible to the more serious complications
      of asthma. This is related to the circular reactions to anxiety and the patient's
      incapacity to cope with it. Often these patients are either unusually sensitive
      to the pharmacological agents used in the medical regime, or they overmedicate
      themselves. At the same time the reactions of the family and medical staff tend
      to increase anxiety in these patients. This finally leads to psychological
      decompensation, making medical treatment extremely difficult. Some therapeutic
      interventions in dealing with this problem have been suggested. These include the
      development of an asthma team which can provide supportive psychotherapy to high
      risk patients.

PMID- 1219013
TI  - Editorial: Cerebral oxygen supply and severe childhood asthma.

PMID- 1219015
TI  - Psychotherapeutic treatment of a boy with eczema and asthma.

PMID- 1219016
TI  - The first dream as the chief complaint of the unconscious, and its utilization by
      the primary physician.
AB  - Based on the theory that the dream represents an important conflict of wishes
      essentially occurring between the id and superego, with some participation by the
      adaptive ego, the first dream reported by the patient is considered to be the
      chief complaint of the unconscious. Eighteen first dreams, chosen at random, were
      tentatively interpreted in re the unconscious conflicts. These tentative
      interpretations were amplified by a battery of projective tests. It is proposed
      that the primary physician with a talent for understanding the nature of inner
      conflicts, revealed by the frist or early dreams, may slowly venture into the
      area of psychotherapy by including in the history of the patient a study of inner
      conflicts indicated by the dream material. In this way, the conscious chief
      complaint may be utilized by the physician with ability to impart to the patient
      his understanding of the inner fears of the patient. In general, it may be
      assumed that improved somatic therapy results when the patient realized that the
      physician is trying to treat not just the pathological organ, but the patient as
      a whole, including subtle processes within the psyche itself.

PMID- 1219017
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin-E in atopic bronchial asthma.

PMID- 1219018
TI  - Carbohydrate intolerance in hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 1219019
TI  - Clinical and lymphangiographic studies in haematochyluria.

PMID- 1219020
TI  - An epidemic of acute pyogenic (meningococcal) meningitis.

PMID- 1219021
TI  - Serum ceruloplasmin in iron deficiency anaemia.

PMID- 1219023
TI  - Editorial: Indications of lymphangiography--utility and complications.

PMID- 1219022
TI  - Comparative clinical trial of co-trimoxazole, furazolidone and chloramphenicol in
      enteric fever.

PMID- 1219024
TI  - Editorial: Ceruloplasmin-feroxidase.

PMID- 1219025
TI  - Salmonella liver abscess (a case report).

PMID- 1219026
TI  - Malabsorption syndrome and carcinoma stomach.

PMID- 1219027
TI  - Muscular involvement in cysticercosis with pseudohypertrophy of muscles.

PMID- 1219028
TI  - Erosive gastritis of varioliform type.

PMID- 1219029
TI  - [Improvement of contrast by summation. Sensitometric study].

PMID- 1219030
TI  - Boerhaave's syndrome or atraumatic panmural rupture of the esophagus. A case
      report with discussion.

PMID- 1219031
TI  - Dynamic x-ray examination of the thorax. 1. Inspirium-expirium radiographies.

PMID- 1219032
TI  - Cleansing a colon: Further results with the use of a contact laxative (4',4'
      diacetoxy-diphenyl)-(pyridyl-2)methane. A new way to administer a spasmolyticum.

PMID- 1219033
TI  - [Recurring ulcers following vagotomy. Apropos of 107 cases].
AB  - The authors analyze 107 cases of recurrent ulcer after vagotomy. This study
      suggests that the most common cause is incomplete vagotomy and, more rarely,
      defective gastric drainage. The therapeutic deductions depend on the etiology.
      The most logical attitude is verification of the initial vagotomy associated with
      antrectomy without forgetting the successes obtained by simple thoracic vagotomy
      when wide gastric resection has already been carried out.

PMID- 1219034
TI  - [Fistulae in esophageal surgery. (Solidity of the esophageal wall and the role of
      infection)].
AB  - The strength of the eosophageal wall has been tested in 20 autopsy specimens: it
      proved to be as resistant as the stomach and the jejunum. It depends as elsewhere
      in the digestive tract on the deep layer of the mucosa (Halstedt's submucosa):
      the success of an anastomosis depends on the passage of sutures through this
      submucosa. Vascularization does not seem to be a problem, provided certain
      precautions are taken. The necrotizing properties of saliva and infection
      especially in cancerous surgery might be the main causes of fistulas.

PMID- 1219035
TI  - [Hyperparathyroidism. Reoperations].
AB  - Sixteen patients were re-operated on for treatment of their hyper-parathyroidism.
      After analysis of the cause of failure or relapse, the authors discuss the
      examinations which led to a definite diagnosis and, in some cases, pre-operative
      localisation of the lesion. All the patients were treated by the cervical route
      only. Operation may be very difficult Technical advice is given here. Tetany and
      recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis are common complications. They are often due
      to an inefficacious or incomplete first operation.

PMID- 1219036
TI  - [Cancers of the thoracic esophagus in gastrectomized patients. Technical
      problems].
AB  - The authors report three cases of carcinoma of the thoracic part of the esophagus
      who had previously undergone gastrectomy. They study, in the absence of a
      stomach, the possibilities of restoration of digestive continuity after
      esophagectomy and describe three possibilities: -- mobilisation and use of the
      remaining gastric stump; --esophageal resection and anastomosis restoring
      continuity; -- colonic interposition. Of the three procedures used, only the
      first and last are advised by the authors.

PMID- 1219038
TI  - The surgeon and the immunotherapy of cancer.
AB  - The cancerolytic effect of active systemic immunotherapy, which has been shown
      experimentally able to eradicate a complete population of tumour cells provided
      they are not very numerous, has been confirmed in various forms of human leukemia
      and in a few solid tumours against which it was applied as treatment of the
      imperceptible residual disease which remains after chemotherapy or surgery. Its
      main indication is thus this residual disease composed of cells which are left
      behind after chemotherapy of systemic tumours, for this treatment obeys the laws
      of first degree kinetics, and surgery and/or radiotherapy which, even if they
      remove or completely sterilise a local tumour, often leave behind a few cells
      which have already migrated to the future sites of metastases. Active systemic
      immunotherapy of large volume tumours, especially when combined with
      chemotherapy, is of doubtful efficacy. Local immunotherapy has given interesting
      results but its clinical indications are not yet clear.

PMID- 1219037
TI  - [Abdominal emergencies in the daily practice of a traumatology center].
AB  - This study analyses 57 cases of abdominal trauma occurring in patients with
      multiple injuries admitted to the accident unit in Garches, over a period of four
      years. After a few remarks concerning the use of a safety belt, the authors
      discuss in particular: -- 25 hepatic lesions; -- 20 splenic lesions. These
      lesions were operated on by the surgeons on the unit with the exception of 9
      cases where a specialised surgeon was called in. In the vast majority of cases,
      we consider the patient should not be transferred to the other units but, if
      possible, all lesions should be treated simultaneously in one centre.

PMID- 1219039
TI  - [Experimental study of portal and caval clamping in dogs. Its significance in the
      direction of vascular exclusion technics of the liver in men].
AB  - An experimental study of portal and inferior vena-caval clamping in the dog
      showed the respective roles of splanchnic blood sequestration and inferior vena
      caval blood sequestration in the onset of the hemo-dynamic disturbances caused by
      vascular exclusion of the liver, with severe arterial hypotension. Stasis in the
      inferior vena cava is corrected by a caval shunt which, on the other hand, has no
      effect on splanchnic stasis. Clamping of the aorta may, however, act on both
      components of the hypotension, and this has proved promising.

PMID- 1219040
TI  - [Approaches to the semilunar bone and their indications].
AB  - The authors review incisions for exposure of the lunate bone and describe them in
      detail. They study the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, then
      consider their indications in peri-lunar luxation, scapholunar luxation and
      Kienboeck's disease. They emphasize the interest of the palmar routes in all
      cases, except for scapho-lunar luxation.

PMID- 1219041
TI  - [Pulmonary embolism, an unrecognized risk of post-traumatic arterio-venous
      fistulae of the hepatic veins (1 case)].
AB  - A stab wound of the right lobe of the liver, initially treated by suture, led to
      the development of a large arterio-venous fistula with hemobilia. Re-operation on
      the 23rd day in order to carry out right hepatectomy, was rapidly followed by a
      massive and recurrent pulmonary embolism. A Trendelenburg operation associated
      with right hepatectomy did not prevent the patient's death. This risk of
      pulmonary embolism during post-traumatic hematoma of the liver is not fully
      recognised and the authors suggest, in cases of arterio-venous fistula of the
      hepatic veins, primary vascular exclusion of the supra-hepatic vena cava.

PMID- 1219042
TI  - [Spontaneous perforation of the hepatic duct during biliary  bethod].

PMID- 1219044
TI  - [Upper implantation of an axillo-femoral bypass. Technical point].
AB  - Very medial implantation of an axillo-femoral by-pass at the level of the
      external thoracic artery, permits one to avoid mobilisation of the anastomosis
      during movements of the arm and thus avoid breakdown of the sutures.

PMID- 1219043
TI  - [Spontaneous perforation of the hepatic duct during biliary lithiasis complicated
      by acute pancreatitis].
AB  - The association of perforation of the common bile duct, cholecystitis and acute
      pancreatitis, should be emphasized. Physiopathology of perforation of the bile
      duct may be compared with that of pancreatitis. Repair of the bile duct may be
      delicate requiring hepatico-jejunostomy on an isolated loop.

PMID- 1219045
TI  - [Technic of heterotopic transplantation of the small intestine in swine: reno
      mesenteric transplantation].
AB  - The authors report a new technique of heterotopic transplantation of the small
      intestine : reno-mesenteric transplantation. The advantages of this technique are
      recalled, especially when intestinal transplantation is carried out some time
      after removal of the intestine. In fact, in this case, orthotopic transplantation
      is difficult owing to the relationship between the mesenteric stump and the
      fibrous scar.

PMID- 1219046
TI  - Human orf.
AB  - Human orf is usually considered a rare disease caused by a virus belonging to the
      paravaccinia subgroup of pox viruses and transmitted to man from sheep and goats.
      This paper presents 119 new human cases with epidemiological, clinical,
      histopathological and ultrastructural findings. Erythema multiforme was found to
      be a common complication of human orf. Other complications tended to be caused by
      overtreatment. Electron microscopy of negatively stained suspensions from lesions
      was found to be the best and most rapid diagnostic method available.

PMID- 1219047
TI  - Topical 5-fluorouracil treatment of superficial basal cell epithelioma. A light
      and electron microscopic study.
AB  - A 27-year-old patient developed superficial basal cell epitheliomas approximately
      20 years after taking Fowler's solution. One of the lesions was successfully
      treated with topical 2% 5-fluorouracil soultion under occlusion. Sequential
      biopsies of the lesion before, during and after therapy were examined by light
      and electron microscopy, and the changes at various stages are described. Changes
      occurred only in tumor cells and adjacent epidermis, and only after occlusion of
      5-FU. After one week of occlusive therapy, focal discontinuities in the basal
      lamina and intercellular spaces were wider with reduction and condensation of
      tonofilaments. Mitochondrial degeneration was seen along with irregularities in
      nucleoli. These changes were most prominent after two weeks of occlusive therapy,
      and many degenerating keratinocytes were seen detached from other cells. One
      month after cessation of therapy, the entire area was excised, and no evidence of
      tumor was seen.

PMID- 1219048
TI  - Nevus lipomatosus cutaneus superficialis (Hoffmann-Zurhelle).
AB  - We are reporting seven cases with nevus lipomatosus cutaneus superficialis. A
      review of the literature indicates that this is a relatively rare type of
      connective tissue nevus with little more than 50 cases recorded. Localization of
      the cutaneous nodular lesions over the upper thigh and buttock and histologic
      findings of fat lobules within the substance of the nevoid malformation
      differentiate these lesions from other varieties of the connective tissue nevi.

PMID- 1219049
TI  - Herpes zoster.

PMID- 1219050
TI  - [Examination of the uterine cervix using the scanning electron microscope].
AB  - Scanning by electron microscopy of the cervix of the uterus allows us to study
      the various aspects, both normal and pathological, as well as the architecture of
      sections of the organ. All the same, as in all practical examinations carried out
      using scanning we have to beware of pictures that are but artefacts due to the
      method of preparation. The views obtained from a normal cervix of from
      pathological cervices show very different aspects. In the normal cervix the
      surfaces are more or less smooth and the architecture of the deeper levels shows
      a thick and regular texture. Infectious lesions of the outer aspect of the cervix
      show punched-out patterns, like craters, which penetrate more or less deeply into
      the sub-epithelial plane. While cervical dysplasia shows little except perhaps a
      more or less bossed-up epithelial surface, cancer of the cervix on the other hand
      shows a pavement pattern which is irregular. The pavements are formed by buds
      which are separated by faults which are more or less deep. In section the
      structures show a degree of disorientation in the texture. After treatment with
      radium the appearance is rather like ground glass of spiders webs and the
      architecture of the structures seems to be pock-marked and chaotic.

PMID- 1219051
TI  - [Free amino acids in the amniotic fluid and in maternal blood in advanced
      pregnancy].
AB  - We have studied a series of sixteen free amino-acids as well as total blood amino
      acid and liquor amino-acids in 56 women between the 25th and 44th weeks of
      pregnancy. The results have been analysed statistically and demonstrated
      graphically. The amino-acid levels rise from the 25th week of the pregnancy until
      term (p less than 0.05) in peripheral blood. On the other hand the total level of
      amino-acids in the amniotic fluid drops from the 25th week of pregnancy
      remarkably (p less than 0,01). Different amino-acids show different curves. The
      increase in the level of total blood amino-acids is principally due to a rise in
      glycine and leucine, while the other amino-acids as a whole stay constant. The
      spectrum of amino-acids in the amniotic fluid is however a little different and
      the drop in total amino-acids if principally due to the threonine-serine fraction
      and partly to the glutamine, proline, alanine, lysine and valine elements,
      whereas the rest stay the same or even raised.

PMID- 1219052
TI  - [Hormonal function of the ovarian corpus luteum during benign mammary diseases].
AB  - Plasma progesterone and oestradiol levels were estimated in 54 women who were
      suffering from breast pathology. (There were 18 cases of benign breast dysplasia,
      28 cases of cystic disease of the breast and 8 cases of adenofibromata.) All
      these women had menstrual cycles that were apparently ovulatory, and the blood
      sampling was carried out on the 4th day after the rise in the temperature
      plateau. By way of controls, the same estimations were carried out on 20 normal
      women of the equivalent age at the same stage of the raised plateau. The levels
      of plasma oestradiol in patients who had breast pathology (136 +/- 75 pg/ml) were
      not significantly different from those of normal women (120 +/- 50 pg/ml). On the
      other hand patients with mastopathies had a far lower level of progesterone in
      the phase of the cycle that was considered to be luteal (5-7 +/- 3-1 ng/ml) in
      comparison with normal women (13-2 +/- 3-5 ng/ml). From these results the
      conclusion can be drawn that women who have benign breast disease while they are
      active from the ovulation point of view show a defect in secretion of
      progesterone by the corpus luteum. This defect is an isolated one. The
      physiopathological implications derived from this observation are discussed.

PMID- 1219053
TI  - [Idiopathic hemoperitoneum in young women].
AB  - We present three cases of idiopathic hemoperitoneum or abdominal apoplexy in
      young women. At laparotomy a large quantity of blood was found in the abdomen in
      each patient, but active bleeding had stopped and the site of its origin was not
      established. A well-developed corpus luteum which was intact was found, of
      pregnancy in one case and of the progestationl phase in the two others. In all
      three cases the abdomen was closed without hemostasis being carried out. Recovery
      was rapid but the young woman who was pregnant aborted later. Etiology and the
      relationship of this syndrome with the state of pregnancy or the progestational
      phase are discussed as well as prognosis and the management.

PMID- 1219054
TI  - [Diagram for the prognosis of cephalo-pelvic disproportions. Application in 300
      cases of pelvic contraction].
AB  - The authors using the information obtained by X-ray pelvimetry and ultrasound
      cephalometry in 300 cases of contracted pelves, suggest a diagram of cephalo
      pelvic disproportion that can be used in the great majority of cases of
      contracted pelves. It is not applicable to those where there is significant
      deformation of the middle strait or an abnormality of presentation. It is divided
      into three zones: 1. A superior zone, favourable, into which the majority (60%)
      of cases of contracted pelvis fit. The risk of a serious dystocia during delivery
      is so small (less than 2%) that it can be considered scarcely different from
      those found in women with a normal pelvis. 2. An intermediate zone into which 24%
      of cases of contracted pelvis fit where the prognosis is uncertain. The labour
      should be considered as an "at risk" labour and a trial of labour conducted. 3. A
      lower zone into which 16% of the cases fit and which consists of two categories: 
      -those in which the biparietal diameter is equal to or less than 90 mm.
      Prophylactic caesarean section should be avoided in these cases where
      disproportion is rare and where there is a risk of delivering a premature infant:
      and --those more numerous (9 out of 10) where the biparietal diameter is more
      than 90 mm and where, unless there is a clinically definitely favourable
      prognosis, it is justifiable to carry out prophylactic caesarean section. If this
      line is followed: one can avoid a large number of trials of labour, all of which
      are inconvenient and some of which are dangerous for the child; few unnecessary
      caesarean sections are carried out.

PMID- 1219055
TI  - Hereditary multiple exostosis. A comparative genetic evaluation in man and
      horses.
AB  - Comparative studies are being conducted on hereditary multiple exostosis in man
      and the horse. In both, there is an unquestionable inheritance pattern of a
      typical single, dominant, autosomal gene. Those who carry the gene have a one
      half chance of transmitting it to each offspring, whereas, those who do not carry
      the gene do not transmit this abnormality to their progeny. The lesions are
      clinically and histologically similar; no persistent chromosomal irregularities
      have been associated with the abnormality in either man or the horse and no
      single evidence of malignancy in either man or animal has been detected in this
      study to date.

PMID- 1219056
TI  - Genetics of the W locus in foxes and expression of its lethal effects.
AB  - The Georgian white mutation for coat color in foxes is inherited as a partially
      dominant character. It is allelic to the previously observed white-faced and
      platinum mutations. It was established that large litter size in Georgian white
      females and long daylight during pregnancy promote embryonic viability in
      homozygotes for this mutation. As a result, in offspring segregation patterns for
      coat color the proportion of homozygotes increases and that of heterozygotes
      decreases. It is suggested that a competitive relationship between embryos with
      different genotypes is established as early as at the preimplantation stage.

PMID- 1219057
TI  - Chondrodystrophy: an inherited lethal condition in turkey embryos.
AB  - Chondrodystrophy was found to occur as an embryonic lethal in a special line of
      turkeys. Inheritance of the condition was studied in embryos produced
      parthenogenetically from virgin dams and also in embryos from the same dams in
      bisexual matings. Expression was similar to other forms of the disorder
      encountered in various avian species. Micromelia and brachycephaly were
      recognized in affected embryos after 9 days while lethality occurred mainly after
      16 days of incubation. A few affected embryos expressed modified phenotypes and
      these were also nonviable. Modified phenotypes were not observed in
      parthenogenetic production, and it was thus inferred that such embryos may have
      been heterozygotes. No changes were evident when the genetic background was
      altered. The condition was inherited as a single, autosomal, recessive lethal, in
      both parthenogenetic progeny and in progeny from bisexual matings. The symbol ch
      is designated for the mutant allele.

PMID- 1219058
TI  - Genetics of eye-gap and maroon-eye mutants in the mosquito.
AB  - Linkage analysis of two new eye mutants, eye-gap (e) and maroon-eye (mar), in the
      mosquito Culex pipiens, is presented. Both mutants are sex-linked, recessive, and
      demonstrate complete penetrance and high expressivity. The gene order is e-m-mar.
      The most representative map distances in e-m and m-mar segments are 17.7 and
      26.1, respectively. Our maroon-eye was isolated from Belem, Brazil and is allelic
      to another maroon-eye mutant isolated from Lake Charles, Louisiana. However,
      while mar (Lake Charles) straddles along the sex locus, m (map distance
      approximately 1 unit), the mar (Belem) gene is far removed from m (map distance
      26.1 units).

PMID- 1219059
TI  - The mitotic, polytene, and meiotic chromosomes of Drosophila ananassae.
AB  - The mitotic chromosome complement of D. ananassae consists of four structurally
      distinguishable submetacentric pairs and all four have been identified with their
      linkage groups. For the polytene chromosome complement of six arms representing
      the X, second and third chromosomes, an improved reference map has been
      constructed and used to describe selected cytogenetically useful rearrangements.
      In meiotic prophase of spermatocytes, chromosomes 2 and 3 form pachytene
      diplotene bivalents whose arms may be associated by chiasmata in postdiplotene
      stages, but the X, Y and fourth chromosomes participate in a complex multivalent.
      No correlation was detected between meiotic chromosome behavior and specific
      genes that regulate crossing over in males. In male inversion heterozygotes
      having high levels of genetically monitored crossing over, no unequivocal
      evidence was found for formation of either pachytene inversion loops or anaphase
      bridges and fragments.

PMID- 1219060
TI  - Degenerative myopathy of the deep pectoral muscle in the turkey.
AB  - A degenerative myopathy affecting only the supracoracoideus in the domestic
      turkey, with a greater incidence in white turkeys than in Broad Breasted Bronze,
      was first observed in 1967. The defect is variable in expressivity and penetrance
      and is apparently part of a polygenic system involving modifiers. The defect is
      found principally in turkeys of breeding age, and only to a very limited extent
      in birds under 24 weeks of age. The abnormality has a higher incidence in
      females. Muscle damage takes the form of a localized hemorrhage, edema,
      degeneration and necrosis of muscle leading to encapsulation. Ultimately there is
      liquefaction and absorption of necrotic tissue.

PMID- 1219061
TI  - Immunological studies in cirrhosis.

PMID- 1219062
TI  - The pattern of surgical disorders in Poona.

PMID- 1219063
TI  - Caesarean section in multigravidae.

PMID- 1219064
TI  - Family planning services in the People's Republic of China.

PMID- 1219065
TI  - Kala-azar.

PMID- 1219066
TI  - Kala-azar in Jammu.

PMID- 1219068
TI  - Return of kala-azar.

PMID- 1219067
TI  - Acute kala-azar with haemorrhagic retinopathy.

PMID- 1219069
TI  - International co-operation in forensic science.

PMID- 1219070
TI  - Information in forensic science.

PMID- 1219071
TI  - The Forensic Science Society Education Committee report 1973-74.

PMID- 1219072
TI  - The role of the forensic biologist in cases of sexual assault.

PMID- 1219073
TI  - A simple and effective method for collecting contact evidence.

PMID- 1219074
TI  - Visualization of fingerprints in the scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 1219075
TI  - Esterase D types in human bloodstains.

PMID- 1219076
TI  - Identification of the major excipients in illicit tablets using infrared
      spectroscopy.

PMID- 1219077
TI  - Comparison of kerosenes using capillary column gas liquid chromatography.

PMID- 1219078
TI  - Detection and identification of mixed benzoic dialkyl phosphorodithioic anhydride
      pesticides by thin layer chromatography.

PMID- 1219079
TI  - EMG analysis of stereotyped voluntary movements in man.
AB  - EMG activity was recorded in biceps and triceps while subjects voluntarily flexed
      their elbows during a visual matching task. With fast flexion, the initial EMG
      was characterized by a triphasic pattern with a burst of activity first in
      biceps, then in triceps with a silent period in biceps, and finally in biceps
      again; these components were analysed quantitatively. Smooth flexion was
      characterized by continuous activity in biceps. Inhibition of tonic activity of
      triceps in relation to a fast flexion occurred in the 50 ms before the initiation
      of biceps activity. A patients with a severe pansensory neuropathy performed
      normally on these tasks. Physiological mechanisms underlying these patterns are
      analysed; an important conclusion is that the triphasic activity with fast
      flexion is 'centrally programmed'.

PMID- 1219080
TI  - EMG analysis of patients with cerebellar deficits.
AB  - EMGs from biceps and triceps were recorded during stereotyped elbow flexion tasks
      performed by 20 patients fulfilling clinical criteria for 'cerebellar deficits'
      and the data were compared with previously established normal standards. In a
      fast flexion task, 15 of 18 patients showed prolongation of the initial biceps
      and/or triceps components, and it is suggested that this abnormality might be an
      elemental feature of dysmetria. Ten of 14 patients showed the normal pattern of
      smooth flexion indicating that, with cerebellar deficits, smooth movements are
      better preserved than fast movements. The timing of the cessation of triceps
      activity before the initiation of biceps activity in an alternating movement was
      abnormal in 12 of 16 patients; this abnormality might be an elemental feature of
      dysdiadochokinesia.

PMID- 1219081
TI  - Hypertrophic granulomatous cranial pachymeningitis causing progressive blindness
      in a chronic dialysis patient.
AB  - A patient on chronic haemodialysis because of renal failure developed progressive
      visual field loss and eventual blindness. A postmortem examination indicated that
      the blindness was caused by granulomatous thickening of the pachymeninges which
      constricted the optic nerves as they passed through the optic foramina.
      Exhaustive bacteriological and histopathological studies failed to identify a
      specific cause for this hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis.

PMID- 1219082
TI  - Studies of sensory conductions. Comparison of latencies of orthodromic and
      antidromic sensory potentials.
AB  - Latencies of orthodromic and antidromic sensory potentials were compared in 16
      normal median nerves. Peak latency was longer in the antidromic sensory response
      in every case. The peak latency of the antidromic sensory response depended on
      the distance between the recording electrodes; with shorter interelectrode
      distances it was similar to that of orthodromic sensory response.

PMID- 1219083
TI  - No-reflow phenomenon in the cerebral circulation of the gerbil.
AB  - The no-reflow phenomenon has been produced in the cerebral hemispheres of the
      gerbil by 30 minutes of bilateral carotid artery occlusion. The no-reflow
      phenomenon was found to develop in relation to the fall in blood pressure which
      occurred on release of bilateral carotid clips. Metaraminol tartrate
      intravenously prevented the fall of blood pressure and significantly reduced the
      occurrence of the no-reflow phenomenon. Metaraminol tartrate, however, did not
      alter the morbidity or mortality of carotid artery occlusion for 30 minutes.
      There is thus no support from these experiments for the view that the no-relow
      phenomenon plays an important functional role in the reversibility of the effects
      of severe cerebral ischaemia.

PMID- 1219084
TI  - Ischaemic swelling of cerebral hemisphere in the gerbil.
AB  - Ligation of the common carotid artery in the gerbil was found to be associated
      with an increase in wet weight, volume, and area of the ipsilateral cerebral
      hemisphere. True swelling and oedema of the hemisphere occurs. This evidence
      suggests that it is reasonable to continue to use the gerbil as an animal model
      of the oedema that many accompany cerebral infarction.

PMID- 1219085
TI  - Ischaemic brain damage in the gerbil in the absence of 'no-reflow'.
AB  - Approximately 40% of gerbils subjected to one hour of unilateral carotid artery
      occlusion displayed neurological abnormalities during that time. Most such
      animals were subsequently found to have ischaemic neuronal alterations within the
      territory of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. In contrast, impaired
      reperfusion ('no-reflow') rarely occurred and cannot therefore be implicated in
      the pathogenesis of ischaemic brain damage.

PMID- 1219086
TI  - Dexamethasone in the management of symptoms due to herniated lumbar disc.
AB  - One hundred consecutive patients with radicular pain due to myelographically
      proven herniated lumbar intervertebral discs were treated with initially high but
      tapering doses of intramuscular dexamethasone for seven days. All patients had
      reflief of pain within 24-48 hours. Bed rest was eliminated as a significant
      factor in the improvement. Nine patients required surgery at the end of the
      hospital treatment period. Another 11 required surgery during the follow-up of 15
      months. Review of work status and recurrent pain during the follow-up indicates
      that the non-surgically treated patients in this series fared better. It is
      concluded that nerve root inflammation is the immediate cause of radicular
      symptoms in case of ruptured lumbar disc and that treatment with dexamethasone
      gives prompt relief of pain and may avoid the need for surgery in most cases.

PMID- 1219088
TI  - Multiple crossed false localizing signs in a posterior fossa tumour.
AB  - Involvement of the lower cranial nerves as false localizing signs of intracranial
      tumour is very rare. A laterally placed posterior fossa meningioma gave rise to
      contralateral cerebellar ataxia and palsies of the fifth, ninth, and tenth
      cranial nerves.

PMID- 1219087
TI  - Congenital narrowing of the cervical spinal canal.
AB  - The clinical and laboratory findings in six patients with congenital narrowing of
      the cervical spinal canal and neurological symptoms are described. A variable age
      of onset and an entirely male occurrence were found. Signs and symptoms of spinal
      cord dysfunction predominated in all but one patient. Symptoms were produced in
      five patients by increased physical activity alone. Congenital narrowing of the
      cervical spinal canal may result in cord compression without a history of injury
      and occasionally without evidence of significant bony degenerative changes. The
      clinical features may be distinguishable from those found in cervical spondylosis
      without congenital narrowing. Intermittent claudication of the cervical spinal
      cord appears to be an important feature of this syndrome. Surgery improved four
      out of five people.

PMID- 1219089
TI  - The management of soft tissue sarcomas in adults: surgery and postoperative
      radiotherapy.
AB  - Traditionally soft tissue sarcomas have been managed by surgery, because they
      were considered radioresistant. Experience has shown that the local recurrence
      rate after a simple excision is 90 per cent and 30 per cent after radical
      surgical procedures. The treatment of soft tissue sarcomas by radical ratiation
      therapy alone is also unrewarding-the local recurrence rate being 66 per cent. In
      order to preserve a functional limb, a selected group of patients was treated
      using a conservative surgical excision of the gross tumor (usually a simple
      "shelling out"), and immediate postoperative radiation therapy. The rationale for
      removing all gross tumor by conservative surgical excision is that the remaining
      subclinical disease can be destroyed with moderate doses of postoperative
      irradiation. In 70 patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities, all
      local failures occurred in tumors of the fleshy parts with a recurrence rate of
      17.2 per cent, independent of the histological type. In spite of generous
      radiation fields, 4 of the 12 local recurrences were outside of the irradiated
      volume, some more than 5 cm from the margin of the field. This documents the
      tendency of soft tissue sarcomas to spread along the fascial planes for a great
      distance. To avoid complications only part of the entire circumference of an
      extremity must be irradiated since a severe constricting fibrosis may result with
      varying degrees of edema distal to the irradiated volume when all of most of the
      circumference is irradiated. This retrospective review of patients treated for
      extremity lesions by conservative excision and postoperative radiotherapy shows
      that a functionnal limb can be preserved in 80 per cent of the patients.

PMID- 1219090
TI  - [Systematic preservation of teeth and prophylaxis of dental decay on irradiated
      patients].
AB  - 200 patients were irradiated on the oral cavity and on salivary glands with doses
      of 3,000 Rads and up. Teeth were preserved. A prophylactic treatment of dental
      decay was made using 5 minutes daily a fluoride gel into a carrier. The results
      showed an incidence of 5% for dental decay and 1% for osteo-radionecroses.
      Details are given about the selection of patients, the dental work-up and dental
      care before, during and after radiation therapy.

PMID- 1219092
TI  - Dosimetric reliability of thermoluminescent phosphors (TLD-too).
AB  - The dosimetric reliability of TLD-100 has been studied in view of the fact that
      these TLDs are extensively used for patient dosimetry in the case of irregular
      fields and where patient's contour creates special problems. TLDs have also been
      used in intercavitary dosimetry (e.g. esophagus and rectum) and in some cases of
      dosimetric comparison of radiation output. However, it appears that these TLDs
      are unsuitable for most practical dosimetry due to poor reproducibility and
      system error. It is found that the same TLD-chip gives widely divergent readings
      for the same exposure even when correction for the system error is made. The
      composite uncertainty under the best experimental conditions is about +/-3.5%.

PMID- 1219091
TI  - [Fifty cases of penile tumors treated at the Claudius-Regaud center from 1958 to
      1973].
AB  - From the study of this series of 50 patients suffering from cancer of the penis,
      and in particular from the comparison of two successive groups, several facts
      stand out which determine our present attitude: -subjects suffering from cancer
      of the penis, at least in our area, are aged, fragile people, whose cause of
      death, in more than half of the cases, was not the penile cancer. Proposable
      therapeutic methods must take this specific background into account; -tumoral and
      glandular indications must be looked at separately, as there does not seem to be
      any strict correlation between the size of the tumor and glandular invasion; 
      inguinal glandular invasion must as far as possible, be proved histologically,
      whatever the appearance of adenopathy on palpation; -No and N-patients should not
      be treated in the inguinal folds, but carefully followed-up; in this connection,
      very strict follow-up, at least for the first three years, seems to be
      indispensable; -N+ patients must evidently undergo bilateral removal and
      subsequent irradiation. This therapeutic attitude, leads to bilateral edema of
      the lower limbs in a high percentage of cases, against which no therapy is at
      present active; -tumors of the penis, classified T1, T2, or T3 are best
      benefitted by the technique of interstitial curietherapy using irridium 192, the
      only conservative technique offering a high level of local sterilization, without
      major after-effects; it permits possible reparatory surgery; -on the other hand,
      T4 tumors cannot be marked, the target-volume being too large, and they justify
      radical surgery.

PMID- 1219093
TI  - [Measurement of linear exposure nominal pose used in curietherapy].
AB  - The idea, and subsequent construction, of a dose rate meter for measuring linear
      exposure dose originated in those pilot centres of Curietherapie which wished to
      replace radium by the artificial radionucleides, Irdium-192, Caesium-137 etc. The
      aparatus makes it possible to measure, directly and quickly, the activity of a
      specified length of a linear source, a measurement which has only been possible
      until now by dividing the exposure dose by the length whose activity it is
      desired to know. If the dose-rate obtained by these two methods agrees, this
      apparatus shortens the time for which the sources need to be handled, thereby
      reducing the danger of irradiation to staff and technicians. The apparatus is
      thus able to reveal heterogeneity of activity along the length of a line-source.
      In the specific case of Iridium, our experience shows that wires which have been
      used in several applications may develop mechanical bends and constrictions,
      which can lead to fluctuation in dose rate along their length. The apparatus was
      first constructed in 1967, after preliminary experiments in 1965. As Curietherapy
      has become more widely used, the apparatus has undergone many modifications which
      is more precise and specific than it was initially. At the present time it can
      only be used with Iridium as wire, and with Caesium in the form of trains of
      seeds (corresponding to the AGS sources) or needles. Nevertheless, a third scale
      is under consideration, for use with newer radioelements, which may be used in
      future.

PMID- 1219094
TI  - [Use of lithium fluoride in clinical dosimetry. Application to the measurement of
      the dose delivered to axilla by iridium 192 with endocurietherapy for carcinoma
      of the breast].
AB  - The aim of the work was the evaluation of the dose delivered to the axilla during
      endocurietherapy for carcinoma of the breast using Iridium 192. The position of
      the radioactive material with respect to the axillary zone differing with the
      patient seated or lying, the authors carried out an vivo dosimetric study using
      Lithium fluoride. They refer to the chief properties of Lithium fluoride which
      render it the dosimetric agent of choice for clinical work and give details of
      their experimental conditions, stressing the problems encountered in practice
      (response in relation to dose, mass of thermoluminescent powder to use, fading,
      regeneration etc.). They then describe the technique used for placing the
      thermoluminescent dosimeter in the axillary zone adjacent to the target volume
      irradiated. Results concerning 43 patients made possible the establishment of a
      significant correlation between the dose delivered to the axillary region and the
      site of implantation of the radioactive material in the breast, and show that,
      with identical tumour doses, this dose is little dependent upon the structure of
      the radioactive implant itself. They conclude that the dose delivered to the
      axillary region is of the order of 25% of the tumour dose if the radioactive
      implant is localised in the axillary tail, 10% if it is in the upper outer
      quadrant and negligeable if it is elsewhere.

PMID- 1219095
TI  - [Radiolesions after radiotherapy of breast cancer].
AB  - A study is presented of the late radiolesions which occur after breast cancer
      irradiation. These lesions are described and the etiological factors are studied,
      with special emphasis given to the effect of dose and time factors. For the large
      volume considered in the irradiation of breast cancers, the tolerance dose for
      normal tissue (skin and connective subcutaneous tissue) can be set at 1,700 rets,
      that is, 5,600 rads in 28 sessions of 200 rads over a period of 38 days.
      Technical irradiation problems are given special mention as they can be the cause
      of dosimetric errors resulting in complications. Dosimetry should be in the whole
      volume, and not only in a single plane, as is still most often the case.

PMID- 1219096
TI  - [Sequelli and complications of irradiation of mammary carcinomas].
AB  - a) Doses of 6 000 to 6 500 rads to the supra- and sub-clavicular regions are an
      extreme limit which should not be exceeded (the three cases of serious
      complications previously cited has received doses of 6 000 to 7 500 rads). b)
      With the technique before 1969, we were not giving doses of 6 000 to 6 500 rads
      to the supra- and sub-clavicular regions as we had thought, but in reality a
      lesser dose of 5 000 to 5 500 rads. In addition this dose is revealed in the
      analysis to be sufficient for controlling the majority of lymph nodes
      microscopically invaded at the same time permitting as to avoid serious
      complications. c) All the sequelli serious complications follow principally
      irradiation of the axillary and supra-clavicular regions.

PMID- 1219097
TI  - [Post-radiation nephritis. Study of the renal consequences of splenic irradiation
      for lymphoma].
AB  - The authors studied the left kidney consequences of splenic irradiation in 40
      patients with lymphomas. The renal work-up performed before irradiation and every
      six months afterwards includes : blood pressure, biological tests, IVP and 197 Hg
      Neohydrine renal scan. Computer scan data processing showed a partial disfunction
      of left kidney in 16 patients with 18 month-follow up. Renal disfunction appeared
      within 8 to 10 months following spleen irradiation. During that period no
      clinical or radiological abnormalities were observed.

PMID- 1219098
TI  - [Cervical lymphatics. Topography and modality of functional encroachment from the
      site of the primary tumor].

PMID- 1219099
TI  - [A therapeutic trial concerning routine excision of the cervical lymphatic field
      in patients (No) with cancer of the buccal cavity].

PMID- 1219100
TI  - [Treatment of cervical lymphatic metastases of cancers of the mobile portion of
      the tongue at the Curie Foundation].

PMID- 1219101
TI  - [Study of the action of transcutaneous radiotherapy of cervical metastatic
      adenopathies of oropharyngeal cancers].

PMID- 1219102
TI  - [Radiotherapy of the cervical region in cancer of the rhinopharynx, oropharynx,
      and hypopharynx. Results of a statistical study of 1,000 cases].

PMID- 1219104
TI  - Porcine parvovirus in pig herds in Southern Africa.
AB  - Evidence of the presence of porcine parvovirus in Southern Africa is given and
      the diagnostic significance of this finding is discussed. Minor abnormalities in
      the replication of the virus were observed.

PMID- 1219103
TI  - The effect of phencyclidine anaesthesia on the blood chemistry and haematology of
      the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus).
AB  - Blood was collected from 14 baboons 3 - 5 min, 30 min and 60 min after the
      intramuscular injection of phencyclidine at a dosage rate of 1,5 mg/kg body mass.
      The determination of blood chemistry and haematology was then undertaken. An
      abrupt decrease in total plasma protein occurred after the injection of
      phencyclidine but thereafter it remained at approximately the same level. The
      sodium, potassium, chloride and cholesterol remained practically unaltered
      throughout. A significant decrease occurred in the blood urea level. The blood
      sugar value showed a highly significant decrease over the first 30 min period and
      less over the second 30 min period. Plasma enzyme activity and corticosteroid
      levels did not show marked alterations. Marked and significantly lowered values
      occurred in white blood cell count, erythrocyte count, haemoglobin concentration
      and haematocrit level but these values returned to within normal limits at 60
      min.

PMID- 1219105
TI  - The elimination of albumin, ployvinylpyrrollidone and dextran from the
      circulation in sheep.
AB  - The rates of elimination of iodinated human serum albumin (ALBUMIN-125I),
      polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-125I); and tritiated dextran (DEXTRAN - METHOXY-3H)
      (mol masses of 69 000 - 72 000, 30 000 - 40 000 and 60 000 - 90 000 respectively)
      from the circulation of sheep were studied; albumin and PVP initially disappeared
      from the circulation rapidly having half-life times (t 1/2) of 10,5 +/- 3,7 and
      43 +/- 45 hours respectively. This phase is regarded as being due to
      equilibration within the initial volume of distribution, the rate being
      determined primarily by the relative mol. mass of the molecule. Hereafter PVP
      125I was eliminated considerably faster (t 1/2 = 176 +/- 39 h) principally via
      the kidneys. The limited data available for dextran-3 H suggests that this
      particular substance is rapidly excreted via the kidneys (t 1/2 = 9 h).

PMID- 1219106
TI  - On the toxicity of procaine for pigs.
AB  - Procaine caused respiratory arrest in halothane-anaesthetized normal Landrace
      pigs at a dose of 4,2 - 8,2 mg/kg. In some cases death due to respiratory failure
      occurred after giving 10 - 13 mg/kg. Because of its toxicity in pigs procaine is
      unsuitable for treating the porcine malignant hyperthermia syndrome.

PMID- 1219107
TI  - Trials with rafoxanide. 7. Efficacy against Fasciola hepatica, Haemonchus placei
      and Bunostomum phlebotomum in cattle.
AB  - Anthelmintic efficacy studies involving 49 cattle either naturally or
      artificially infested with Fasciola hepatica are described. Some of the animals
      were also artificially infested with Haemonchus placei and Bunostomum
      phlebotomum. At dosage rates of 3,75 and 5,0 mg/kg live mass rafoxanide was 64,6
      and 92,6 per cent effective respectively against adult naturally acquired
      infestations of F. hepatica. At 7,5 and 10,0 mg/kg it was 37,9 and 55,7 per cent
      effective against 42 day old liver fluke. At 7,5 mg/kg it was 100, 87,4 and 94,6
      per cent effective against mature F. hepatica, fourth stage H. placei and adult
      B. phlebotomum respectively.

PMID- 1219108
TI  - Percutaneous infestation of calves and lambs with Oesophagostomum spp.
AB  - Oesophagostomum radiatum and Oesophagostomum columbianum became established in
      low numbers when 2 calves and 2 sheep respectively were exposed percutaneously to
      pure cultures of infective larvae of these worms. A further sheep infested in the
      conjunctival sac became heavily infested but this may have occurred via the
      lachrimal duct. As far as can be ascertained this is the first time that
      development of O. columbianum has been demonstrated after percutaneous exposure.

PMID- 1219109
TI  - The preparation, mincing and canning of bovine offal (ruminal and intestinal
      wall) for human consumption.
AB  - The results of a sudy of methods of cleaning and preserving bovine ruminal and
      intestinal wall by canning are described. Such offal could be converted into a
      hygienically satisfactory and safe food by laboratory washing and canning, and
      toe end product had a extended shelf life. Methods are described and suggested as
      a basis for ensuring safe utilisation of a valuable food product.

PMID- 1219110
TI  - Beef carcase icterus: an evaluation of diagnostic methods in terms of visual
      assessment.
AB  - Two laboratory tests on beef carcase fat, two on serum and one on urine from
      suspect icteric carcases were compared. Used singly on serum, the indirect van
      den Bergh and Fouchet tests were found to be most useful, and either of these two
      used together with the indirect van den Bergh test on fat gave results which
      agreed most closely with a subjective assessment of the marketability of suspect
      jaundice carcases after 24 hours' chilling.

PMID- 1219111
TI  - Echinococcosis (hydatodosis) in wild animals of the Kruger National Park.
AB  - Echinococcosis has been diagnosed in the following wild species in the Kruger
      National Park : lion, Panthera leo, spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta, Cape hunting
      dog, Lycaon pictus, Burchell's zebra, Equus burchelli antiquorum, buffalo,
      Syncerus caffer, hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius, and impala, Aepyceros
      melampus. Infestation rates in the herbivores vary from 60% in zebra to less than
      1% in impala. Species like elephant, Loxodonta africana, and blue wildebeest,
      Connochaetes taurinus, do not seem to be susceptible. The successful artificial
      transmission of Echinococus granulosus felidis from Burchell's zebra to the lion
      is reported for the first time.

PMID- 1219112
TI  - Dystocia in a free-living impala (Aepyceros melampus).
AB  - Dystocia in a free-living impala (Aepyceros melampus) in Kruger National Park
      (KNP) is described. An exaggerated unilateral foot-nape posture is held
      responsible for a complete obstacle to parturition.

PMID- 1219113
TI  - Aortic stenosis in a dog.
AB  - A case of valvular aortic stenosis in a dog is described. The presenting sign was
      syncope during exercise. An unusual feature was right bundle branch block
      electrocardiographic pattern. During syncope electrocardiograms usually indicated
      atrial standstill and always had sever ST segment changes indicative of
      myocardial ischaemia. Pathological findings included chronic valcular changes
      which did not appear to be the result of a infectious inflammatory condition.

PMID- 1219114
TI  - Ulcerative glossitis. A facet of feline panleukopenia.
AB  - The clinical findings and the macroscopic and microscopic lesions in a kitten
      which died during an outbreak of ulcerative glossitis in a cattery are described.
      A brief review of the literature is given to support the theory that the virus of
      feline panleukopenia may well be the aetiological agent in this outbreak.

PMID- 1219115
TI  - Heterozygote detection in phenylketonuria. Measurement of discriminatory ability
      and interpretation of the phenylalanine loading test by determination of the
      heterozygote likelihood ratio.
AB  - Two tests of heterozygosity for phenylketonuria, the phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio
      in the plasma after a fast and the response to an oral load of phenylalanine,
      have been compared in obligate heterozygotes for phenylketonuria and apparent
      normal homozygotes. The discriminatory ability of the tests is measured using
      both parametric and non-parametric methods, the correlation between them is
      determined, and the reproducibility of the loading test is examined. Because
      complete separation between the genotypes cannot be achieved by these tests, a
      method of interpretation which avoids possibly erroneous categoric statements and
      which enables the family history of a subject and his test result to be combined
      in a quantitative and meaningful way is described.

PMID- 1219116
TI  - Hirschsprung's disease associated with congenital heart malformation, broad big
      toes, and ulnar polydactyly in sibs: a case for fetoscopy.
AB  - Successful fetoscopy using a 9 mm laparoscope was carried out on an 18-week
      pregnancy of a healthy woman who had had two previous male infants with bilateral
      double big toes, bilateral ulnar supernumerary digits associated with short
      segment Hirschsprung's disease, and ventricular septal defect of the heart, a
      syndrome apparently not previously described. The fetus was found to be normal,
      but an amniotic membrane defect was detected, which accounted for amniotic fluid
      leakage from 24 weeks up to delivery by caesaren section of a normal male infant
      at 35 weeks. The possible genetic basis and recurrence risk, put at probably one
      in four for this syndrome, is discussed. The indications for fetoscopy are set
      out and a fundal approach at laparotomy after placental localization is
      recommended for the procedure.

PMID- 1219117
TI  - Polydactyly and brachymetapody in two English families.
AB  - Two new pedigrees of polydactyly associated with brachymetapody are discribed. In
      one the two defects occur in different members of the family, while in the other
      both occur in the same individuals. Both anomalies appear to be inherited as
      dominants, the polydactyly showing incomplete manifestation.

PMID- 1219118
TI  - Differences in human X isochromosomes.
AB  - In this paper we describe two types of i(Xq), in three patients. A classification
      is proposed for at least seven different types of human i(Xq)s or X long-arm
      duplications described by banding in the literature. Type 1 reported here and
      also in the literature may be the most common. It consists of a single visible
      centromere, metacentric, length similar to number 3, G-banding interpreted as
      i(X)(qter leads to cen leads to qter), one C-band like a normal X. Type 2
      reported here may not have a counterpart in the literature; it exhibits a single
      visible centromere, submetacentric, length similiar to number 3, extra G- and C
      bands on region ql. The classification summarized in this paper implies that
      different breakpoints are involved in the production of human X long-arm
      isochromosomes or duplications. Some include duplications of short arm.
      Morphological differences in i(Xq)s will complicate their use for studying the
      effect of X chromosome structure on phenotype, unless differences are defined
      clearly. It seems important to resolve the question of whether these reported
      abnormal X chromosomes involve rearrangements between the same or two X
      chromosomes. We also report X chromosome defects in three generations of a
      family; both the mother and maternal grandmother of one 45,X,i(Xq)/45,X patient
      are themselves mosaics for 45,X/46,XX/46,X,r(X). This family suggests that
      familial predisposition to X chromosome abnormality included isochromosome
      formation, as well as ring formation and mosaicism.

PMID- 1219119
TI  - The Stickler syndrome presenting as a dominantly inherited cleft palate and
      blindness.
AB  - The Stickler syndrome is a newly recognized, but probably relatively frequent
      inherited generalized connective tissue disorder involving skeleton, eye, and oro
      facial structures. A family with three affected generations is discussed. Severe
      myopia leading to blindness, cleft palate, or subnucous cleft, Pierre Robin
      anomaly, premature degenerative arthritis, or a family history of any of these
      indicates further evaluation.

PMID- 1219120
TI  - The search for relevant cell culture research in cystic fibrosis: one
      researcher's opinion.

PMID- 1219121
TI  - A family with an inherited translocation involving the no. 4/no. 21 chromosomes.

PMID- 1219122
TI  - Trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 10.
AB  - A case of a fetus with multiple malformations is described. The mother showed a
      46,XX,rcp(10;22) (p11;p11) karyotype. Amniocentesis at the 16th week of gestation
      revealed that the male fetus had a der(22) chromosome--that is, he was trisomic
      for a large part of 10p (10pter leads to 10p11). Clinical findings of cases with
      10p, 10q, and mosaic 10 trisomies are briefly reviewed.

PMID- 1219123
TI  - Stub thumbs.

PMID- 1219124
TI  - Autosomal recessive oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.
AB  - Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy is known as a rare automsomal dominant
      disease. A family is reported suggesting that there may be genetic heterogeneity
      in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy and that in some families the mode of
      inheritance may be autosomal recessive.

PMID- 1219125
TI  - Partial trisomy for the long arms of chromosome no. 5 due to insertion and
      further 'aneusomie de recombinaison'.
AB  - Five members of a family with a balanced insertion (1;5)(q32;q11q22) are
      presented. The daughter of one of them shows multiple malformations and a partial
      trisomy for the long arms of chromosome No. 5 (5q11 to 5q22 segment) resulting
      from a 'aneusomie de recombinaison' in her mother. The propositus' karyotype is
      46,XX,rec(1;5)ins (1;5)(q32;q11q22). This case is the first reported example of
      an insertion between two chromosomes followed by 'aneusomie de recombinaison'. It
      also is the first reported case of trisomy invovling the long arms of chromosome
      No. 5.

PMID- 1219126
TI  - Bloom's syndrome: a probable new case with cytogenetic findings.
AB  - A 19-year-old Jordanian girl, born to first-cousin parents, has most features of
      Bloom's syndrome but is tall and has secondary amenorrhoea. Blood and skin
      cultures revealed a normal diploid female complement but about one-quarter of the
      cells show chromosome or chromatid gaps, breaks and rearrangements. These
      abnormalities were localized after trypsin banding and having been found non
      randomly distributed along the chromosomes.

PMID- 1219127
TI  - Trisomy 4q32 leads to 4qter due to a maternal 4/21 translocation.
AB  - The case is described of a malformed girl with partial trisomy for a segment of
      the long arm of chromsome (4q32 leads to qter) due to an unfavourable segregation
      of a maternal reciprocal translocation t(4;21) (q32q22). The clinical comparison
      between the child and patients previously described by other authors does not
      suggest the existence of a syndrome associated with trisomy 4q+.

PMID- 1219128
TI  - Letter: Mutation as the source of the abnormal gene for plasma cholinesterase.

PMID- 1219129
TI  - [Restorative surgical treatment of renal artery stenosis in the child. Concerning
      5 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present 5 cases of restorative surgery of the renal artery in the
      child. Four gave an immediate and lasting excellent result, with return of the
      arterial blood pressure to normal in the absence of any post-operative medical
      hypotensive treatment.

PMID- 1219130
TI  - [Retroperitoneal hematoma caused by rupture of an aneurysm of the renal artery
      trunk. Survival].
AB  - A dramatic accident, the rupture of an aneurysm of the renal arterial trunk is
      exceptionally accompanied by survival. This case enables one to look at different
      problems, especially diagnostic and therapeutic.

PMID- 1219131
TI  - [A long standing cystostomy is not a definitive infirmity in the paraplegic
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The author presents the case of a tetraplegic patient who had a cystostomy for 12
      years. It was possible to abolish the infirmity by bladder closure and endoscopic
      resection of the striated sphincter of the urethra.

PMID- 1219132
TI  - [The diagnosis and partial nephrectomy of angiomyolipomas (author's transl)].
AB  - Renal angiomyolipoma is not a malignant tumor, and it is therefore to be treated
      only conservatively. The difficulty in distinguishing it from carcinoma nearly
      always leads to total nephrectomy. The study of the selective renal arteriogram
      enables preoperative diagnosis of angiomyolipoma even when not associated with
      tuberous sclerosis, and a partial nephrectomy. The arteriographic signs are:
      aneurysmatic images of the main vessels the neoplastic vessels with a helicoid
      course or arranged as bunche of grapes, their frequent anastomoses, the slowness
      of bloodflow in the angiomatous vessels and finally the mosaic picture during the
      nephrographic phase.

PMID- 1219133
TI  - [Urogenital tuberculosis. Study of 34 cases].
AB  - The authors deal with their experience on 34 cases of urogenital tuberculosis
      they treated between 1961 and 1972. The follow-up runs over at least 3 years.

PMID- 1219135
TI  - [Leiomyoblastoma of the prostate in a young man].

PMID- 1219134
TI  - [Evaluation of hyperparathyroidism and recurrent renal lithiasis].

PMID- 1219136
TI  - [Testicular metastasis from a renal adenocarcinoma. Apropos of 2 recent cases].

PMID- 1219137
TI  - [Bilateral rupture of the ureters and cancer of the prostate].

PMID- 1219139
TI  - [The duodenal risk in difficult nephrectomies].

PMID- 1219138
TI  - [Rare cause of acute urine retention: a voluminous cyst of the left seminal
      vesicle. Review of the literature].

PMID- 1219140
TI  - Application of kinetic models to the control of activated sludge processes.

PMID- 1219141
TI  - Dynamics of nitrification in the activated sludge process.

PMID- 1219142
TI  - Multi-process biological treatment model.

PMID- 1219143
TI  - Efficacy of biological nitrification.

PMID- 1219144
TI  - Effects of temperature on oil refinery waste toxicity.

PMID- 1219145
TI  - Plasma renin and hypertensive vascular complications: an observation in the
      stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat.
AB  - The hypothesis that plasma renin is a major risk factor in the development of
      cardiovascular complications of hypertension was evaluated in a model animal, the
      spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Plasma renin levels and pathological
      findings were studied in stroke-prone and -resistant strains of SHR at various
      ages. The stroke-prone strain showed significantly higher plasma renin levels at
      and after seven months of age, while the stroke-resistant strain showed no
      significant differences from the control at any age. High plasma renin levels
      were always associated with evident vascular complications in the kidney and the
      brain, indicating underlying angionecrosis and malignant transformation of
      hypertension. However, no evidence indicated that a higher plasma renin preceded
      the development of vascular lesions. Thus the high plasma renin would be a result
      rather than the cause of hypertensive vascular lesions.

PMID- 1219147
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic studies on the formation of cardiac intercellular
      connection in culture.
AB  - The fine surface structural appearance of the cardiac intercellular connection
      was studied scanning electron microscopically in culture. When individual heart
      cells contract each other, they start to beat synchronically. On the base of
      scanning electron microscopic observation, the early pattern of the formation of
      it could be suggested as follows: five ramified processes extend from the edge of
      the cells, and the ends of these processes bridge each other to form the
      intercellular connection.

PMID- 1219146
TI  - A correlative study of the experimental cardiac dynamics and myocardial energy
      metabolism.
AB  - Relationship between cardiac dynamics and myocardial energy metabolism was
      studied using dogs treated by isoproterenol, dinitrophenol, propranolol or
      amobarbital. Isoproterenol changed cardiac dynamic state to positive
      chronotropism with positive inotropism and myocardial energy liberation to
      uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Dinitrophenol inducing uncoupling of
      oxidative phosphorylation, revealed also positive chronotropic and positive
      inotropic state. Propranolol changed cardiac dynamic state to negative
      chronotropism with negative inotropism, and myocardial energy liberation to
      suppression of oxidation. Amobarbital inducing inhibition of intracellular
      terminal oxidation, revealed also negative chronotropic and negative intropic
      state. From the above-mentioned results, it might be clear that the positive
      chronotropism with positive inotropism appears to be relating to the uncoupling
      of oxidative phosphorylation, as well as the negative chronotropism with negative
      inotropism to the suppression of mitochondrial respiration.

PMID- 1219148
TI  - False atrial dissociation (the Deitz-Marques phenomenon) and its dependence on
      dyspnea.
AB  - Three cases of false atrial dissociation (the Deitz-Marques phenomenon) were
      presented to show the dependence of this phenomenon on dyspnea. 2) The pseudo-P
      wave of the Deitz-Marques phenomenon coincided with the beginning of inspiration.
      3) In a case of silicotuberculosis, the length of the pseudo-fibrillation was
      nearly equal to that of laborious inspiration. 4) In a case of aspiration
      pneumonia, every second cardiac contraction was synchronized with the beginning
      of inspiration two hours before death. 5) In a case of hyperpotassemia, the
      pseudo-P wave persisted even after the disappearance of the sinus P wave. 6) The
      pseudo-P wave was not affected by retrograde activation of the atria by the A-V
      junctional impulse.

PMID- 1219149
TI  - An autopsy case of congenital interruption of the aortic arch.
AB  - An autopsy case of congenital interruption of the aortic arch in a four months
      old male with PDA and VSD is reported and a review of the pertinent literature is
      presented.

PMID- 1219150
TI  - [Therapeutic significance of controlling heart rate in aortic regurgitation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The hemodynamic effects of aortic regurgitation are characterized by an increase
      of left ventricular volume load due to the diastolic regurgitation and a decrease
      of aortic diastolic pressure or coronary perfusion pressure. It is presumed that
      an increase of heart rate in such a situation diminishes the regurgitant flow and
      elevates the coronary perfusion pressure so far as it is not accompanied by an
      improper increase of myocardial oxygen consumption. The present study, although
      it was the one performed on dog heart with an aortoventricular shunt rather than
      aortic valvular destruction, demonstrated that the increase of heart rate, if not
      beyond 160 beats per min, minimizes regurgitant flow as well as regurgitant ratio
      and maintains effective cardiac output without impairing coronary circulation.
      Thus it is suggested that it would be of beneficial therapeutic means in aortic
      regurgitation to keep the heart rate high or, at least, to avoid its excessive
      deceleration.

PMID- 1219151
TI  - A new medical electroradiography with high sensitivity.

PMID- 1219152
TI  - A small renal tumor demonstrated by angiography.

PMID- 1219153
TI  - Effect of 2-mercaptoethanol on cyanogen bromide cleavage of proteins.

PMID- 1219155
TI  - [Experimental and clinical study on fatty elimination of coenzyme A of the fatty
      liver (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219154
TI  - Effect of an anorectic agent, AN 448 on weight reduction and plasma lipids.

PMID- 1219157
TI  - Seasonal variations of daily mortality in Tokyo City.

PMID- 1219156
TI  - Clinical application of color angiocardiogram.

PMID- 1219158
TI  - [Functional results of the operations in cancer of the upper portion of the
      stomach depending on the method of restoration of continuity of the digestive
      tract].

PMID- 1219159
TI  - [Surgical treatment of rectal cancer].

PMID- 1219160
TI  - [Reconstructive operations in postgastrectomy syndromes].

PMID- 1219161
TI  - [Surgical treatment of certain occupational injuries and diseases of bones and
      joints].

PMID- 1219162
TI  - [Compression-distraction osteosynthesis and its place in traumatology and
      orthopedics].

PMID- 1219163
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the results of correction of blood circulation in post
      thrombotic venous changes in the lower limbs].

PMID- 1219164
TI  - [Renal colic complicated by pyelorenal reflux].

PMID- 1219165
TI  - [Pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 1219166
TI  - [Corticosteroid therapy in surgery of suppurative diseases].

PMID- 1219167
TI  - [Surgical treatment of bronchiectasis in children].

PMID- 1219169
TI  - [Closed injuries of the heart].

PMID- 1219168
TI  - [Mechanism of gunshot wounds of the lungs].

PMID- 1219170
TI  - [Urgent clinico-experimental problems of electric cardiac stimulation].

PMID- 1219171
TI  - [Cranio-cerebral hypothermia during correction of certain congenital heart
      defects].

PMID- 1219172
TI  - [Endarteritis of the lower limbs].

PMID- 1219173
TI  - [Surgical treatment of obstruction of the bile ducts of non-neoplastic etiology].

PMID- 1219174
TI  - [Importance of intra-operative examination of extrahepatic bile ducts in
      calculous cholecystitis].

PMID- 1219175
TI  - [Colonoscopy (technic, indications, results)].

PMID- 1219176
TI  - [Endoscopy in diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases].

PMID- 1219177
TI  - [Certain problems of diagnosis and treatment of closed abdominal injury].

PMID- 1219178
TI  - [Circulatory reflexes in primary aldosteronism (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. In 7 patients with hypertension, aldosteronism, and low plasma renin (6
      patients with a solitary adrenal adenoma, 1 patient with bilateral adrenal
      hyperplasia) circulatory reflexes (Valsalva's maneuver, head-up tilt and cold
      pressure test) were examined. Furthermore, the reactivity to the pressor action
      of tyramine and norepinephrine was determined. For comparison 10 patients with
      essential hypertension were studied. 2. In 4 of the 7 patients with primary
      aldosteronism no overshoot following Valsalva's maneuver could be observed.
      Compared to the patients with essential hypertension the mean overshoot in the
      patients with primary aldosteronism was significantly reduced. The decrease in
      blood pressure during head-up tilt was significantly more pronounced in the
      patients with primary aldosteronism. However, both groups did not differ in their
      reaction to the cold pressure test. In the patients with primary aldosteronism
      responsiveness to tyramine was significantly reduced compared to the patients
      with essential hypertension. No significant difference was observed in the
      reactivity to norepinephrine between both groups studied. 3. The results point
      towards a disturbance of the sympathetic nervous system in patients with primary
      aldosteronism.

PMID- 1219179
TI  - [Radio-iodine treatment of hyperthyroidism. Experience in more than 2000 patients
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Results of radioiodine therapy (131/125) of hyperthyroidism are reported. The
      individually calculated doses of 131-iodine were: 6000 rad in cases of small (not
      more than 60 g) diffuse goiters, 8000-10000 rad in large diffuse goiters, 10000
      12000 rad in nodular goiter and 30000-40000 rad in autonomous adenoma. In about
      75% of the patients a single application of 131-iodine was sufficient to control
      the hyperfunction. The cumulative risk of myxedema ten years after therapy was:
      31% in small diffe goiters, 12% in large diffuse goiters and 6% in nodular
      goiter. All cases considered together, the cumulative myxedema risk was about
      12%. This figure compares favourably with the results of surgical treatment and
      they document the necessity of individual calculation of the dose in order to get
      optimal results. 125-iodine was applied since October 1972 in cases of small
      diffuse goiters. The dose was standardized according to the gland weight, uptake
      and effective half value time (dose at the colloid-cell interface 12000-15000
      rad). 5-12 months thereafter, there were about 60% of the patients euthyroid. The
      genetic and somatic risk of radiation is considered quantitatively and we
      conclude that there is no real argument aginst radioiodine therapy of
      hyperthyroidism except in children and in youth. Risks and efficiency of other
      treatments (surgical, antithyroid drugs) are compared with the radioiodine
      treatment and it is concluded that radioiodine is to be preferred in the major
      part of the hyperthyroid patients.

PMID- 1219181
TI  - Therapeutic and toxic lanatoside C serum concentrations in hospital patients.
AB  - Serum lanatoside C concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 56
      patients on oral maintenance therapy. Seven patients were judged to have
      digitalis toxicity and the lanatoside C concentration in this group was 6.99+/
      2.00 ng/ml (mean +/-1 SD). 49 patients were non-toxic and the mean serum
      lanatoside C concentration in this group corresponded to 2.32+/-1.08 ng/ml.

PMID- 1219180
TI  - Hereditary angioneurotic oedema.
AB  - Three families with hereditary angioneurotic oedema (HANE) are described. Serum
      CI-INH and C4 immunochemical determinations were performed on 23 members of the
      families: in 6 persons low CI-INH and C4 levels were found with typical symptoms
      of HANE, and in one asymptomatic subject. Normal ranges of both proteins for
      adults, children and newborns are given for comparative purposes. The importance
      of the early diagnosis and treatment is emphasized.

PMID- 1219182
TI  - [Oxygen pressure values in the ischemic muscle tissue of patients with occlusive
      arterial diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - The local oxygen pressure of muscle tissue was measured in 10 patients with
      occlusive atherosclerosis and in 9 healthy volunteers using a micro-Pt-electrode.
      In 3 cases, the muscular pO2 values of an ischemic leg were compared to the non
      ischemic leg of the same patient. In both groups, there was a statistically
      significant difference in the oxygen pressure of the muscle tissue in normal legs
      of volunteers as compared to the ischemic legs. Measurements of the local oxygen
      pressure in the muscle enables us to have a quantitative measure for the ischemic
      situtation. It is a useful diagnostic method in patients suffering from ischemic
      claudication and seems to be an objective criterium of therapeutical methods.

PMID- 1219184
TI  - [The determination of catalase activity in liver tissue (author's transl)].
AB  - In 31 patients with carcinoma and 45 controls catalase activity of liver tissue
      was measured spectrophotometrically. In patients with carcinoma the activity was
      significantly lower. Within the control group patients with pathological liver
      findings or inflammatory disease of the pancreas or bile ducts showed a
      relatively low catalase activity which are obviously higher than in patients with
      carcinoma.

PMID- 1219183
TI  - [Pancreatic response to graded doses of synthetic secretion: comparison between
      intravenous and pernasal administration in man].
AB  - The response of the human pancreas to varying doses of pure synthetic secretin
      administered intravenously and, for comparison, 8 days later in the form of snuff
      was examined, intraindividually, in 10 healthy test subjects. After intubation of
      the stomach and duodenum and continuous instillation of radioactive vitamin B12,
      the recovery rate of the marker substance was measured in duodenal aspirates and
      employed to compute the pancreatic bicarbonate and enzyme outputs. The dose
      response relationship between pancreatic bicarbonate production and varying doses
      of synthetic secretin administered intravenously and in the form of snuff, was
      good. The pancreatic response to a dose of secretin snuff was only about 1/25 of
      the response obtained with the same dose of secretin injected intravenously. The
      level of the pancreatic enzyme output remained relatively uninfluenced by varying
      doses of synthetic secretin.

PMID- 1219185
TI  - [Serum level of thyroxin-binding globulin under oral contraception (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The use of oral contraceptives results in an increase in thyroid-binding-capacity
      in conformity with a change of results by T3/T4-tests. Using Laurell
      electrophoresis and an anti-serum produced by Behringwerke the determination of
      the thyroid-binding-globulin (TBG) in serum is easy to handle. TBG was determined
      in serum from 137 women using oral contraceptives for more than 3 months. The
      apllication of oral contraceptives is followed by a statistically significant
      increase in the TBG level in serum. Thereby oral contraceptives change the TBG
      level in a different degree. Preparations with a marked estrogen potency on the
      average effect a higher TBG-concentration than those with progesterone activity
      derived by menses-delay test. The difference of TBG-level is statistically
      significant. According by the increase of TBG-concentration in serum is caused by
      estrogen, the extent of the increase is modified by the progesterone component.

PMID- 1219186
TI  - [Quantitative determination and phenotyping of ceruloplasmin in morbus Wilson
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Sera of 17 patients with Wilson's disease and of 48 relatives were investigated
      as to a possible correlation between ceruloplasmin phenotypes and Wilson's
      disease. The control group included 727 healthy subjects. The results of the
      quantitative determination of ceruloplasmin confirmed the overlapping in the
      groups of so-called heterozygotes and controls known from the literature. The
      ceruloplasmin phenotypes in starch gel electrophoresis we observed were of the
      most common phenotype Cp BB in the patients as well as in the controls.
      Therefore, patients with Wilson's disease also show the normal Cp-phenotypes.

PMID- 1219187
TI  - A method of recognising carcinogens in the laboratory.

PMID- 1219188
TI  - Instantaneous heart rate indicator with digital display.

PMID- 1219189
TI  - Isolation, freezing and storage of rabbit growth plate chondrocytes.

PMID- 1219190
TI  - The heat stability of synthetic and natural pyridoxal.

PMID- 1219191
TI  - Modified multiple harvester for radio labelled cells or precipitates using glass
      fibre filters and a novel disc cutter.

PMID- 1219192
TI  - Photo-electric detector for monitoring behavioural activities in animals.

PMID- 1219193
TI  - Treatment of "gamekeeper's thumb" in hockey players.

PMID- 1219194
TI  - The anterior drawer sign: what is it?
AB  - 1. The anterior drawer is a test of anterior cruciate ligament integrity. 2. The
      anterior cruciate ligament is composed of two parts: the anteromedial band and
      the posterolater bulk. 3. The anteromedial band is the primary check against
      anterior drawer. 4. Other structures may contribute to the resistance of anterior
      drawer only if the anteromedial band has been injuried. 5. The posterior cruciate
      ligament is a check against posterior drawer. 6. In long term follow-up, the
      presence of anterior drawer is associated with poor overall results.

PMID- 1219195
TI  - Current concepts in management of cervical spine fractures and dislocations.
AB  - In order to manage the patient with a cervical spine injury, one must be familiar
      with a diagnostic classification of these injuries and be able to apply this
      classification to the individual patient. When a cooperative effort is made
      between orthopedists and neurosurgeons, we have found that most cervical spine
      injuries can be managed successfully without operative means using Cheshire's
      classification for predicting late instability. We have been able to identify (1)
      those patients who would not substantially benefit from surgical intervention;
      (2) certain types of injuries where relative indications for surgery may be
      considered; and (3) we have confirmed the danger and risk of early operative
      intervention following cervical spine trauma in the neurologically damaged spinal
      cord.

PMID- 1219196
TI  - A computer's analysis of football injuries.

PMID- 1219197
TI  - A simple meniscectomy.

PMID- 1219198
TI  - Research in sports medicine.

PMID- 1219199
TI  - Fracture of the iliac crest apophysis: an unusual hip pointer.

PMID- 1219200
TI  - Prevention of heat injuries during distance running. A position statement from
      the American College of Sports Medicine.

PMID- 1219202
TI  - Letter: Shoe-surface interface.

PMID- 1219201
TI  - Letters: Tennis elbow.

PMID- 1219203
TI  - The "in vitro" effects of catecholamines on the aorta removed from exercised
      rats.

PMID- 1219204
TI  - The effects of anabolic steroid ingestion on serum enzyme and urine 17
      ketosteroid levels.

PMID- 1219206
TI  - A comparative echo-cardiographical examination of the hearts of highly trained
      athletes and untrained persons.

PMID- 1219207
TI  - Evaluations of the step test scores based on the measurements of maximal aerobic
      powers.

PMID- 1219205
TI  - Selected skeletal muscle variables and aerobic power in trained and untrained
      men.

PMID- 1219209
TI  - An investigation of the intensity of work required to elicit a training effect in
      women.

PMID- 1219208
TI  - Longitudinal variations in maximal-exercise performance of healthy, sedentary
      middle-aged women.

PMID- 1219210
TI  - Professorial correlates of physical exercise.

PMID- 1219211
TI  - Effects of judo on the educable mentally retarded.

PMID- 1219212
TI  - Assessment of running performance in college males from aerobic capacity
      percentage utilization coefficients.

PMID- 1219213
TI  - [Organization of the health services in the civil defense system].

PMID- 1219214
TI  - [Scientific health organization with reference to basic health care].

PMID- 1219215
TI  - [Importance of a unified medical doctrine in the improvement of woman's health
      care in Bosnia and Hercegovina].

PMID- 1219216
TI  - [Health care and health status of children and adolescents in Bosnia and
      Hercegovina].

PMID- 1219217
TI  - [Status of health care services for workers in Bosnia and Hercegovina and their
      immediate tasks].

PMID- 1219218
TI  - [Status of acute infectious diseases in Bosnia and Hercegovina].

PMID- 1219220
TI  - [Mental health in the light of preventive organized psychiatry].

PMID- 1219219
TI  - [Chronic mass diseases].

PMID- 1219221
TI  - [Dispensatory aspects of preventive health care].

PMID- 1219222
TI  - [Hospital and home treatment].

PMID- 1219223
TI  - [First-aid squad and emergency medicine].

PMID- 1219225
TI  - [Current therapeutic research and its accomplishments].

PMID- 1219224
TI  - [Critical review of the status of dental service in Bosnia and Hercegovina].

PMID- 1219226
TI  - [Health education of the Bosnia and Hercegovina population--status, needs and
      possibilities].

PMID- 1219227
TI  - [Influence of the living environment on health and programming of measures for
      environmental protection].

PMID- 1219228
TI  - [Organization of physical-medicine and rehabilitation services in Bosnia and
      Hercegovina].

PMID- 1219230
TI  - Observations on the left supraclavicular lymph nodes in portal hypertension.

PMID- 1219229
TI  - Penicillamine in the treatment of chronic active liver disease.

PMID- 1219231
TI  - [Viral hepatitis and bone marrow aplasia].

PMID- 1219232
TI  - [Diffuse villous carcinoma of Wirsung's duct. Total pancreatectomy].

PMID- 1219233
TI  - [Benign papilloma of Wirsung's duct? Diagnosis by retrograde catheterization].

PMID- 1219234
TI  - [Cardiogastrophrenopexy by abdominal approach].

PMID- 1219235
TI  - [Paraduodenal cysts near Vater's ampulla and chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1219236
TI  - [Treatment of necrotizing entercolitis in adults].

PMID- 1219237
TI  - [Treatment of hyperlipidemias by RU 19,583 (Dabical)].

PMID- 1219238
TI  - [Experimental viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1219239
TI  - [Severe acute experimental hepatocellular insufficiency with coma. Effect of
      dimethylnitrosamine in dogs].

PMID- 1219240
TI  - [Treatment of acute hepatocellular insufficiency with cross cirsulation between
      humans or with baboons. Apropos of 10 personal cases].

PMID- 1219241
TI  - [Effect of molecular filtration on encephalopathy during coma caused by acute
      hepatic atrophy: preliminary results].

PMID- 1219242
TI  - [Treatment of acute hepatic insufficiency by extracorporeal liver perfusions].

PMID- 1219243
TI  - [Quantitative measurement of carbohydrate absorption in pigs after ingestion of
      corn starch].

PMID- 1219245
TI  - [Aflatoxins and cancer of the liver].

PMID- 1219244
TI  - [Action of vitamin A on the extent of enzyme induction].

PMID- 1219246
TI  - [General aspects of the problem of aflatoxins].

PMID- 1219247
TI  - [Methods of elimination of aflatoxins in oleaginous products].

PMID- 1219248
TI  - [Determination of mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins].

PMID- 1219249
TI  - [Peptic esophagitis, complication of gastro-esophageal reflux. A new treatment:
      Gaviscon].

PMID- 1219250
TI  - [Immediate effects of ingestion of olive oil on the principal lipid constituants
      of the plasma. Comparison with other edible fats].

PMID- 1219251
TI  - [Symposium of the Hopital Saint-Antoine. October 11, 1975. Uselessness and
      hazards of ligation of the hepatic artery].

PMID- 1219253
TI  - [Editorial: The holy cow].

PMID- 1219252
TI  - [Hyperammonemia and hypoglycemia in acute degenerative hepatitis induced in mice
      by frog virus 3].

PMID- 1219254
TI  - [County medical officers. Move out of the way so we can open our windows!].

PMID- 1219255
TI  - [Helath insurance sabotages physician's confidentiality].

PMID- 1219256
TI  - [Our resources for contraceptive advice and legal abortions].

PMID- 1219257
TI  - [Why contraceptive advice?].

PMID- 1219258
TI  - [Experiences with ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography)].

PMID- 1219260
TI  - [Perinatology in the Soviet Union].

PMID- 1219259
TI  - [The long QT-syndrome].

PMID- 1219261
TI  - [Tuberculosis among employees and students in health care].

PMID- 1219262
TI  - [How has it gone for adopted children?].

PMID- 1219263
TI  - [Asbestos pollution: criticism on methods and experiences in the city of Bari
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The author deals with an air sampling and identification technique for asbestos
      fibers. By means of such technique measurements were made in the city of Bari,
      where there is also an asbestos-cement manufacturing plant. The obtained results
      are reported and some critical remarks done.

PMID- 1219264
TI  - [Development and current state of hepatology].

PMID- 1219265
TI  - [Liver disease in polyvinyl chloride production workers - Clinical and
      peritoneoscopic aspects (author's transl)].
AB  - Peculiar clinical symptoms observed in polyvinyl chloride production workers of a
      nearby chemical plant arose the suspicion of liver and spleen disease in these
      workers before first reports on vinyl chloride-induced angiosarcoma of the liver
      became known. Starting at the end of 1972, 44 workers were followed up by
      biochemical investigations, peritoneoscopy and liver biopsy. As early as 1973 it
      could be ascertained, that advanced vinyl chloride-induced liver damage presents
      as hepatic fibrosis with splenomegaly, portal hypertension, and thrombocytopenia
      without conspicuous deterioration of hepatic parenchyma function. Similar
      symptoms have been observed after chronic intoxication by arsenic and thorium
      dioxide (thorotrast). The clinical and peritoneoscopic aspects of the disease are
      described.

PMID- 1219267
TI  - [The present status of portal vein surgery in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Surgical procedures concerning the portal vein in liver cirrhosis must be
      carefully planned preoperatively. If there is still a residual blood supply of
      the liver through the portal vein it should be preserved. This can be done best
      by establishing a pressure-adapted arterialisation of the liver plus portacaval
      end-to-side anastomosis. The portacaval shunt is the method of choice if there is
      no residual blood flow through the portal vein. A spleno-renal venous anastomosis
      is to be performed, if there is a total or partial thrombosis of the stem of the
      portal vein. Treatment of acute bleeding from esophageal varices is still a
      problem unresolved. The pathophysiology of this situation is considered; a method
      is proposed which combines a quick stop of bleeding and relief of the detoxfying
      function of the liver.

PMID- 1219266
TI  - [Extrahepatic portal hypertension and pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - Taking into account 6 own cases and 51 cases reported in the literature the
      question is asked, whether pregnancy influences portal hypertension due to
      extrahepatic block and vice-versa. Complications arise in about 50% of the
      patients, hemorrhage from esophageal varices making up to 40%, as the most common
      complication. Most esophageal bleedings occur in the second of third trimenon.
      The physiological changes of the circulatory system during pregnancy are held to
      be responsible for these complications; especially temporary increase of portal
      pressure tend to aggravate the preexisting extrahepatic portal hypertension. The
      prognosis for mother and child in these cases is less severe than in patients
      with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis. Therapeutic procedures which
      have to be adapted to the individual case are discussed.

PMID- 1219268
TI  - [Ultrasonic diagnosis of liver metastases (author's transl)].
AB  - 166 patients suspected to harbor metastases in the liver were examined by
      ultrasonics. The results of this examination could be evaluated in 113 cases,
      yielding a correct diagnosis in 92%; in 53 cases with uncharacteristic changes of
      the liver the presence of metastases could be neither proven nor excluded, thus
      the overall yield of correct results was 72%. In 124 patients ultrasonic findings
      could be compared with scintigraphic findings (99m-Tc-sulfur colloid): A false
      diagnosis was made on the basis of ultrasonic findings in 5 cases, on the basis
      of scintigraphic findings in 18 cases; no conclusive diagnosis could be made by
      ultrasonic procedures in 34 cases, by isotope scanning in 48 cases. The
      ultrasonic diagnostics has the advantage of low cost and no risk and allows to
      differentiate between solid and cystic lesions.

PMID- 1219269
TI  - [Possibilities in the prevention of hereditary diseases].

PMID- 1219270
TI  - [Visual impairment in female workers using the microscope - comparison between
      subjective symptoms and objective findings].

PMID- 1219272
TI  - [Incidents and complications of gastric vagotomy].

PMID- 1219271
TI  - [Reading the hemogram of infants].

PMID- 1219273
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of ulcer-carcinoma of the stomach].

PMID- 1219274
TI  - [Traumatic thrombosis of the upper mesenteric vein (successful treatment by
      thrombectomy and intestinal resection)].

PMID- 1219275
TI  - [Atypical localization of subdural hematoma in the newborn infant].

PMID- 1219276
TI  - [Clinical testing of Idulian in hay fever in children].

PMID- 1219277
TI  - [Selective proximal vagotomy--method of choice in the treatment of duodenal
      ulcer?].

PMID- 1219278
TI  - [Sonagraphic analysis of dysarthria in Steele-Olzewski-Richardson syndrome].

PMID- 1219279
TI  - [Cylindrical cancer of the cardia: a challenge to physicians and surgeons].

PMID- 1219280
TI  - [Extracranial aneurysm of the internal carotid artery (apropos of a case situated
      under the base of the skull].

PMID- 1219281
TI  - [Corrected transposition of the great vessels with dextroversion and "tricuspid"
      insufficiency in an adult].

PMID- 1219283
TI  - [Incidence and severity of infection in diabetes. Comparative study of 142
      patients].

PMID- 1219282
TI  - [Budd-Chiari syndrome].

PMID- 1219284
TI  - [Developments in psoriasis, according to 1,444 hospitalized cases of this multi
      factorial dermatosis in a 3d of a century].

PMID- 1219285
TI  - [Isolated chylopericardium].

PMID- 1219286
TI  - [Autochthonous distomatosis with pulmonary manifestations].

PMID- 1219287
TI  - [Surgical aspects of infundibulo-cystic lithiasis].

PMID- 1219288
TI  - [Value of sialography in tumoral pathology of the salivary glands. Study of 135
      radio-anatomo-clinical correlations].

PMID- 1219290
TI  - [2 cases of Herrenschmidt's cancer].

PMID- 1219289
TI  - [Clinical value of biochemical studies of amniotic fluid phospholipids].

PMID- 1219291
TI  - [Influence of the thyroid on the catabolism of androgens].

PMID- 1219293
TI  - [Association of tobacco and atmospheric pollution. Action on the respiratory
      system according to epidemiological data].

PMID- 1219292
TI  - [Detection of female carriers of ornithine-carbamyl-transferase deficiency by
      measurement of orotic acid in the urine].

PMID- 1219294
TI  - [Contradictions, difficulties and perspectives in psychiatry].

PMID- 1219295
TI  - Effects of L-glucose on sodium reabsorption in the isolated perfused rat kidney.

PMID- 1219297
TI  - Effects of norepinephrine and acetylcholine on 32P incorporation into
      phospholipids of the rabbit iris muscle following unilateral superior cervical
      ganglionectomy.

PMID- 1219296
TI  - Distribution of a cryptating agent in excreta and its influence on urinary
      elimination of Na, K, Mg, Ca and Zn in the rat.

PMID- 1219298
TI  - Propranolol inhibits rat brain monamine oxidase.

PMID- 1219299
TI  - Mechanism of inhibition of bacterial luciferase by anaesthetics.

PMID- 1219300
TI  - Changes in the rates of protein synthesis in the brain of goldfish at various
      temperatures.

PMID- 1219301
TI  - Differential block by 1-hyoscyamine of the salivary and vascular responses of the
      dog mandibular gland to prostaglandin F2alpha.

PMID- 1219302
TI  - Editorial: Drug abuse.

PMID- 1219303
TI  - Drugs and aggression.

PMID- 1219304
TI  - Alcoholism in industry.

PMID- 1219305
TI  - The judge and the expert witness.

PMID- 1219306
TI  - The voluntary act.

PMID- 1219307
TI  - Intention at the moment of crime...beyond reasonable doubt?

PMID- 1219309
TI  - The medicolegal implications of the terms 'psychopath', 'psychopathic
      personality' and 'psychopathic disorder'.

PMID- 1219308
TI  - Cot deaths and malnutrition: the role of dehydration.

PMID- 1219310
TI  - Fatal intoxication with amphetamines (a case report).

PMID- 1219311
TI  - Alcohol can be absorbed through the respiratory tract (a case report).

PMID- 1219312
TI  - A household remedy misused--fatal cresol poisoning following cutaneous absorption
      (a case report).

PMID- 1219313
TI  - Chlormethiazole poisoning (a case report).

PMID- 1219314
TI  - Drugs and sport.

PMID- 1219315
TI  - [Differentiation of bacteria of the genera Nocardia and Mycobacterium based on
      lipid LCN-A studies].

PMID- 1219316
TI  - [Growing of yeasts on medium with parrafin and additives such as molasses, still
      liquor and maize extract].

PMID- 1219318
TI  - [Yeast microflora of mineral water "Naftusia" of the Truskavets spa].

PMID- 1219317
TI  - [Biosynthesis ox extracellular amino acids by hydrocarbon-assimilating bacteria].

PMID- 1219319
TI  - [Free amino acids of Candida tropicalis K-41 grown on mixture of alkenes and
      alkanes].

PMID- 1219321
TI  - [Group B vitamins in nodules of lupine inoculated with active and less active
      strains of nodule bacteria].

PMID- 1219320
TI  - [Synthesis of group B vitamins by bacteria of the genus Arthrobacter].

PMID- 1219322
TI  - [Effect of gas pressure on the physiological state of methylotropic bacteria].

PMID- 1219323
TI  - [Study of specific polysaccharides of alkali-forming enterobacteria. I. Selection
      of hydrolysis conditions for polysaccharides from Bacterium faecalis alcaligenes,
      strain 6].

PMID- 1219324
TI  - [Formation of beta-fructofuranosidase by Penicillium vitale Pidopl. et Bilai and
      other species of the genus Penicillium LK].

PMID- 1219325
TI  - [Pidoplitchkoviella terricola Kiril.--a new ascomycete].

PMID- 1219326
TI  - [Immunological and morphological studies of the polysaccharide zymosan effect on
      the course of allergic reaction].

PMID- 1219328
TI  - [Effect of combined action of streptomycin with other antimicrobial preparations
      in experimental staphylococcal infection of albino mice].

PMID- 1219327
TI  - [Peculiarities of inorganic phosphate metabolism in the coxsackie B-1 virus-KB
      cell system].

PMID- 1219329
TI  - [Study of the antimicrobial effect of higher plants on lactic acid bacteria].

PMID- 1219330
TI  - [Antimicrobial and antineoplastic activity of glycosides of certain condensed
      imidazole derivatives].

PMID- 1219331
TI  - [Localization of nitrogenase components and other nonhemin ferroproteids of
      lupine bacteroids in polyacrylamide gel].

PMID- 1219332
TI  - [Lactobacillary flora of the animal organism and its protective function].

PMID- 1219333
TI  - [Obtaining of isotope-labelled Tipula iridescens virus].

PMID- 1219334
TI  - Editorial: Community needs of paediatrics in Australia.

PMID- 1219335
TI  - Editorial: Allergy, IgE and the radioallergosorbant test (RAST).

PMID- 1219336
TI  - Editorial: Hepatitis B--an occupational risk.

PMID- 1219337
TI  - Clinical application of exercise testing.
AB  - Direct measurement of oxygen consumption during monitored exercise can safely be
      used for assessment of functional reserve in established cardiorespiratory
      disease. Indirect prediction of aerobic capacity enables the clinical application
      of exercise testing to be extended outside the laboratory setting. Information so
      obtained can provide useful guidelines when one is prescribing exercise for the
      prevention and rehabilitation of ischaemic heart disease.

PMID- 1219338
TI  - Chlorpropamide-induced hyponatraemia.
AB  - A case of hyponatraemia occurring in a 69-year-old diabetic woman taking
      chlorpropamide is reported. Increasing the dose of chlorpropamide aggravated the
      hyponatraemia, and the condition corrected itself when the chlorpropamide was
      withdrawn. It is believed, therefore, that, in the absence of any other cause for
      the hyponatraemia, chlorpropamide was the cause.

PMID- 1219339
TI  - Management of patients who overdose.
AB  - People who overdose appear to arouse a mixture of emotions in their attending
      doctors, some of which are associated with feelings of inadequacy on the doctors'
      part. If this group of people is approached in a logical and emotionally neutral
      faxhion, the problem becomes essentially a manageable one. Perhaps most
      importantly, by this method a reasonably accurate prediction can be made of
      whether the person will repeat this pattern of abnormal behaviour.

PMID- 1219340
TI  - The radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Its significance in clinical and
      experimental allergy.

PMID- 1219341
TI  - Absorbable subcuticular sutures. How to avoid the childhood ordeal of suture
      removal.
AB  - Suture removal is psychologically traumatic to a child, and in the majority of
      relatively minor elective operations is a totally unnecessary procedure. Skin
      repair with subcuticular sutures of absorbable polyglycolic acid (Dexon) is
      advocated. Techniques of suturing are described. Advantages, potential
      disadvantages and contraindications are discussed.

PMID- 1219343
TI  - The concept of altered states of consciousness and how it helps us understand the
      drug scene.

PMID- 1219342
TI  - Some pharmacological aspects of drug dependence.
AB  - The self-administration of drugs to achieve altered states of consciousness is
      recognized as normal human behaviour. Community attitudes towards drug use vary
      according to the drug and often bear little relationship to the known
      pharmacological and toxicological effects of the drug. For an objective
      assessment of the potential dangers associated with drug use, a distinction is
      made between drug use and drug abuse. It is stressed that the progression from
      drug use to drug abuse involves social and psychological factors in addition to
      the pharmacological factors which are outlined in this paper. The sequential
      development of drug dependency is described under the headings: Induction;
      continued consumption; compulsive consumption; withdrawal; abstinence;
      reinduction. Man uses psychotropic drugs because he finds the effects rewarding.
      Some experimental models to explore the neurophysiological basis of the reward
      are described. Experiments employing inhibitors of protein synthesis suggest that
      the phenomena of tolerance and physical dependence involve the synthesis of new
      protein. It has been suggested that the new protein might be new receptor
      molecules for the drug or neurotransmitter substances. These new receptors might
      constitute a "drug memory" and provide a possible explanation for high relapse
      rate of drug dependent subjects. A pharmacological basis for the methadone
      maintenance programme of management of narcotic dependent subjects is briefly
      outlined.

PMID- 1219344
TI  - Letter: Immunotherapy inaccuracy.

PMID- 1219345
TI  - Letter: Mycobacterium ulcerans in Australia.

PMID- 1219346
TI  - Letter: Anaesthesia alternative.

PMID- 1219347
TI  - Letter: Post-traumatic depression treated by exercise and monoamine oxidase
      inhibitors.

PMID- 1219348
TI  - [Epidemiological characteristic of tick-borne encephalitis foci in transitional
      landscapes of Pribaikalia].

PMID- 1219349
TI  - [Epidemiological evaluation of tick-borne encephalitis along the route of the
      Baikal-Amur railroad within the Amur region].

PMID- 1219350
TI  - [Epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis in Latvian SSR].

PMID- 1219351
TI  - [Investigation of combined foci of tick-borne encephalitis and Q-rickettsiosis in
      Udmurtia].

PMID- 1219352
TI  - [Free amino acids in organs of Alveonasus lahorensis ticks].

PMID- 1219353
TI  - [Effect of the Voronezh water reservoir on the fauna and ecology of blood-sucking
      mosquitoes, midges and blackflies].

PMID- 1219354
TI  - [Possibility of employing chemosterilants in control of houseflies (Musca
      domestica L.) in cattle breeding farms].

PMID- 1219355
TI  - [Study of the effect of antibiotics of the streptothricin group on blood-sucking
      mosquitoes. II. The effect of phytobacteriomycin on Anopheles, Aedes and Culex
      mosquitoes].

PMID- 1219356
TI  - [Repellent compound benphthalate on the basis of N-benzoylpiperidine for
      protection against mosquitoes].

PMID- 1219357
TI  - [Dynamics of the infestation rate of Bithynia inflata molluscs with larval forms
      of Opisthorchis felineus in waters of the Tomsk region].

PMID- 1219358
TI  - [Clinical cases of imported malaria caused by P. ovale in the Moscow region].

PMID- 1219359
TI  - [Anopheles mosquito sensitivity to insecticides in northeastern Afghanistan. I].

PMID- 1219360
TI  - [A rapid method for the diagnosis of densonucleosis in Aedes aegypti larvae and
      its use in search for insects susceptible to this virus].

PMID- 1219361
TI  - [2 clinical cases of human dirofilariasis in the town of Zaporozhie].

PMID- 1219362
TI  - [Clinical cases of dirofilariasis in humans].

PMID- 1219363
TI  - [Larvae of Oestris ovis L. in the human conjunctival sac].

PMID- 1219364
TI  - [A clinical case of pseudoparasitism of a common polypod in the human nasal
      cavity].

PMID- 1219365
TI  - [Modification of tRNA 1 Val from yeast with monoperphthalic acid].
AB  - A method is proposed for analysis of natural and chemically modified
      polynucleotides which consists in enzymatic conversion of the polymer or oligomer
      into nucleosides followed by cation-exchange chromotography on the microcolumns.
      By using the method developed it was shown that after treatment of the yeast
      tRNAVal and tRNAPhe with monoperphthalic acid N-oxides of adenosine and cytidine
      were formed. Poly (U, G) was not modified at a measurable extent whereas GMP was
      decomposed. In tRNAVal (yeast)the adenosines and cytosines of the anticodon loop
      and 3'-end are most reactive; it is the case for the C17 of the diHU-loop as
      well. These data are in agreement with the results obtained for tRNA modification
      with other reagents and for limited enzymatic hydrolysis of the tRNAVal. The
      limitations of the reaction of the monoperphthalate with nucleic acids are
      briefly discussed.

PMID- 1219366
TI  - [A new approach to the synthesis of enzyme inhibitors].
AB  - On the basis of the application of transition-state theory to enzymatic catalysis
      a novel approach to the synthesis of inhibitors of enzymes involving
      conformational rigid substrate has been proposed. It is predicted that the
      substrates which resemble the natural species in the structure of functional
      groups, but posses conformational flexibility, will be bound to the enzyme more
      tightly and converted more slowly than the natural substrate.

PMID- 1219367
TI  - [Self-assembly of extracellular tubular structures of non-protein nature produced
      by an actinomycete].
AB  - When grown on the solid synthetic medium with glucose as the only carbon source
      the dedifferentiated "fructose" mutant of Actinomyces roseoflavus var.
      roseofungini accumulated aggregates of tubular-like structures. The individual
      tubules had the internal diametre of 80 A and external diametre of approximately
      200-220 A. These structures were isolated as a distinct fraction and their non
      protein nature was demonstrated. They were easily soluble in acetone and
      reconstitutable in vitro. The possible significance of production of self
      assembling structures by a mutant with impaired differentiation is discussed. The
      possibility of involvement of self-assembly processes in the formation of surface
      sheath of aerial mycelium in normally differentiating actinomycetes is mentioned.

PMID- 1219369
TI  - [Structure and functions of hemoglobin].
AB  - The present status of our knowledge of different levels of hemoglobin molecule
      structural organization and of the conformation changes accompanying a hemoglobin
      action is reviewed. The main functional properties of hemoglobin such as
      cooperative effects in oxygen binding. CO2 transport, protons and organic
      phosphates effects on oxygen affinity are described on molecular ground. The
      description is based on the data obtained by different physical and chemical
      methods especially by X-ray analysis. The application of some mathematical models
      of cooperative effects in enzymes to hemoglobin is discussed.

PMID- 1219368
TI  - [Early changes in liver chromatin in response to partial hepatectomy].
AB  - Guinea-pig and mouse liver chromatin responds to the partial hepatectomy by an
      increase in binding of a basic dye acridine orange (AO) and by a decrease of its
      stability to heat in thermal denaturation test in situ. Degree of the changes in
      AO chromatin binding is identical in the cells of different ploidy and
      proportional to their DNA content. Treatment of the preparations by 0.6 M NaCl
      solutions under conditions bringing about the selective removal of histone H1
      from the cells produces in vitro changes in DNA properties taking place in cells
      in vivo in the course of their activation. The treatment of cells with 0.35 M
      NaCl solution results in the disappearance of changes occurring in the chromatin
      of activated cells whereas the properties of control cells remain unchanged. The
      data obtained are interpreted as a result of the removal of some non-histone
      regulatory proteins from the chromatin of activated cells that is accompanied by
      changes in the character of DNA-histone interaction. At the time of maximum
      increase of AO binding a significant intensification of endogenous RNA polymerase
      activity was found, the incorporation of [3H] UTP in the nucleolus being higher
      than that in the extranucleolar part of the nucleus. High ionic strength in the
      incubation medium (0.4 M (NH4)2SO4) results in drastic increase of radioactive
      label in the nucleus and in the disappearance of differences between activated
      and non-activated chromatin. It is concluded that the intensification of RNA
      synthesis under the influence of proliferative stimulus is more likely dependent
      on the additional opening of DNA-matrix than on the direct activation of the
      enzyme.

PMID- 1219370
TI  - [Kinetic studies of leucyl-tRNA synthetase: measurement of the ratio rates of
      overall and exchange reaction].
AB  - Equations for the ratio of the rates of aminoacylation of tRNA and the rates of
      ATP-PP exchange show characteristic dependences on the concentrations of
      substrates, products and inhibitors according to the reaction mechanism. Analyses
      of leucyl-tRNA synthesis show that these differences may be explained by the
      ratios of rates for the individual partial reactions. The ratio of rates as a
      function of tRNA concentration suggests that alternative mechanisms might exist
      but present methods do not allow the distinction of these possibilities.

PMID- 1219371
TI  - [Physico-chemical properties of ribonuclease A modified with pyridoxal-5'
      phosphate].
AB  - The physico-chemical properties have been studied of RNase A selectively modified
      at the E-NH2-group of Lys-7 and Lys-41 with pyridoxal-P. Modification did not
      affect conformational stability of the protein globule, thus all changes in the
      molecule of the modified RNase A were localised around the alkylated Lys residue.
      In the both cases pyridoxyl-P. The residue was shown to be localized in the
      active site region of the (P-Pxy)-Lys-7-RNase A and its chromophore parts was
      highly exposed to the solvent. (P-Pxy) E-Lys-7-RNase A and its chromophore parts
      was highly exposed to the solvent. In the Lys-41 derivative, pyridoxamine-P was
      situated exactly in the active site and is partially hidden in the protein
      grobule. The pH-dependence of absorption spectra indicates that the chromophore
      of pyridoxyl-P in modified proteins is quite sensible to the ionic state of its
      surrounding. The usefulness of pyridoxyl-P as a reporter group was proved in the
      study with (P-Pxy)-Lys-7-RNase A. Some conformational changes involving His-119
      were shown to take place in the course of the enzyme-nucleotide complex
      formation.

PMID- 1219372
TI  - [Recognition between tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases of different
      specificities].
AB  - A few examples of incorrect interactions between aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases and
      tRNAs extracted from the same organism have already been demonstrated. These
      interactions can lead, in most cases, to incorrect aminoacylations. The lack of
      specificity of the aminoacyl-tRNA suggests that incorrect interactions could be a
      general phenomenon. The aim of this study is to check whether incorrect
      interactions are a general feature, i.e. whether every aminoacyl-tTNA-synthetase
      is able to interact with homologous non-cognate tRNAs. In that case, it is
      interesting to know whether a given aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase is able to
      recognize any tRNA or only a particular group of tRNAs. The existence of such
      groups would lead to the concept of tRNA families. For that, we estimated the
      affinities of non-cognate homologous tRNA species for yeast valyl-tRNA-synthetase
      by using competition experiments. The measured affinities varied, in standard
      aminoacylation conditions, between 1:100 to 1:1000 of that of the non-cognate
      tRNA. In the absence of Mg2+ ions or in the presence of low concentration of this
      cation, the affinities were higher and could reach 1:3 of the affinity of the
      cognate tRNA. On the other hand, we determined the inhibitory effect of a high
      concentration of tRNAVal toward the aminoacylation of tRNAs specific for 13 amino
      acids. In order to compare the effects, we determined approximate Km/Ki values.
      These values ranged from 0.07 for methionyl tRNA synthetase to 0.002 for leucyl
      tRNA synthetase. For some aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases, the inhibition was too low
      to be detected by this technique. Two conclusions arise from this study. First,
      it seems that non-specific recognitions are quite a general phenomenon. Secondly,
      if one classifies tTNAs according to their affinities for valyl-tRNA-synthetase,
      it does not appear any well cut group of tRNAs. This result is not conflicting
      with the fact that on the basis of aminoacylation criteria several authors have
      found tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase families since we have already shown
      that discrimination depends rather on the maximal velocity of the reaction than
      on the affinity between the tRNA and the aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases. Finally, the
      non-existence of clear-cut recognition families of tRNAs casts some doubts on the
      approach consisting in the characterisation of recognition sites of the tRNAs by
      the aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases by comparing the sequences of tRNAs which are
      amonoacylated by a given aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase.

PMID- 1219373
TI  - [The primary structure of tRNA Val 2a from baker's yeast].
AB  - The primary structure of tRNAVal2a from baker's yeast has been determined. The
      general methods of the investigation are presented. Twenty six distinguished
      points can be noted in the tRNAVal2a and tRNA1Val from baker's yeast. The
      anticodon region of tRNAVal2a is represented by the sequence NAC, where N
      corresponds to a uridine analogue nucleoside of unknown structure. The comparison
      of primary structures of tRNAVal2a, tRNAVal2a, tRNA1Val from E. coli and
      tRNAVal2a and tRNA1Val from baker's yeast is analysed.

PMID- 1219374
TI  - [The structure of nuclear pre-mRNA. VII. The hybridization and renaturation
      properties of double-stranded sequences of nuclear pre-mRNA].
AB  - Some properties of the double-stranded regions of pre-mRNA are discribed. 1. The
      double-stranded regions contain approximately 80 base pairs. 2. The material
      contains the heterogeneous populations of sequences and some homogenous material
      which renatures with a COT1/2 value of (1.5-3) X 10(-4). 3. Identical sequences
      of fast-renaturing "hairpins" may be found in various tissues. 4. Double-stranded
      RNA and mRNA have some sequences complementary to each other. These results
      consistent with the view that the hairpin sequences may act as specific
      recognition sites for ribonucleases involved in processing of pre-mRNA.

PMID- 1219375
TI  - [The ratio of coat protein to bacteriophage f2 RNA in the translational repressor
      complex].
AB  - One of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the bacteriophage f2 RNA
      translation is the repression of the phage RNA-replicase formation by coat
      protein. This repression is due to the formation of a complex between f2 RNA and
      coat protein (complex I). In this work the mechanism of complex I formation as
      well as the effect of this complex on the f2 RNA-replicase formation was followed
      by inhibition of alanine incorporation into RNA-replicase polypeptide which was
      separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molar ratios of protein to
      f2 RNA in complex I were analyzed by sucrose gradient sedimentation. It was been
      found that complex I consists of six molecules of coat protein bound per one
      molecule of RNA. Ribonuclease digestion of the glutaraldehyde-fixed complex
      resulted in a mixture of products in which the hexamers of coat protein molecules
      were predominant. This indicates that the six molecules of coat protein bound to
      f2 RNA are neighbouring. It has been also shown that under conditions required
      for phage protein synthesis, coat protein occurs in solution is dimer. The
      results show that the translational repression of the RNA-replicase cistron is
      due to the cooperative attachment of three dimers of coat protein to phage
      template, forming a hexameric cluster on the RNA strand. The proposed mechanism
      of the complex I formation seems to be in good agreement with the sequence of
      events in the phage F2 life cycle. It is known that shortly after infection of
      the host cell the coat protein and phage RNA-replicase begin to be synthesised.
      According to our findings, the first portions of coat protein do not affect the
      translation of the RNA-replicase gene since at low concentration the coat protein
      occure in the form of monomers. At a later period of phage development, when the
      concentration of coat protein is sufficiently high to promote the formation of
      protein dimers, the translational repressor complex is formed and the RNA
      replicase gene becomes inoperative.

PMID- 1219376
TI  - [A stereochemical model for DNA-Na+ (H20) complex].
AB  - By computer calculation with the use of atom-atom potentials a stereochemical
      model of the DNA-hydrate Na+ complex was obtained according to which the
      Na+(H2O)6 octahedrons are localized in the narrow groove of DNA with formation of
      a great number of van der vaals contacts and hydrogen bonds. The model explains
      why the C-form of DNA is stabilized in the Na-DNA complex which is formed in the
      presence of 80% methanol (v/v). A possibility of the existence of such complexes
      in vivo at the DNA regions surrounded with media of diminished water activity
      (the DNA-membrane complex, chromosomes, phage heads) is discussed.

PMID- 1219378
TI  - [On the differences of molecular aggregates structure with long wave fluorescence
      in the photosystems I and II].
AB  - Galactolipase and protenase action on the low temperature fluorescence spectra of
      light chloroplast fragments obtained from grana or intergrana thylakoids and
      grana thylakoids system before and after isolation photosystem I particles have
      been studied. Identical hydrolytic enzymes action in the two type photosystem I
      particles have been studied. Identical hydrolytic enzymes action in the two type
      photosystem I particles were observed. Grana thylakoids system after removing
      photosystem I particles contained photosystem II in the most purified form. These
      measurements results confirmed our previous suggestion that the band at 735 nm in
      the low temperature fluorescence spectra of light and heavy fragments belongs to
      the different native chlorophyll a aggregates.

PMID- 1219377
TI  - [Biological activity of different forms of bacteriophage lambda DNA].
AB  - Hershey circles and linear tandem aggregated forms of DNA have been obtained in
      vitro and treated with polynucleotide ligase to form phosphodiester bond. Using
      zone centrifugation in glycerol gradient covalently closed circles and linear
      dimers have been purified and their biological activity investigated. It was
      found that closed circular molecules lost most, if not all, of their activity in
      CaCl2-dependent system. In order to investigate the biological activity of tandem
      dimer molecules, hybrid dimers consisting of DNA's from lambda C1857 and lambda
      1434 have been obtained. In plaque assay with the appropriate non-permissive
      strains of E. coli the efficiency of infectivity of hybrid dimers was measured.
      Biological activity of dimer molecules sealed with ligase was about 5% of the
      activity of linear monomers. Ig has been suggested that tandem dimers of lambda
      DNA joined by phosphodiester bond are able to penetrate into the CaCl2-treated
      host cells and both components of dimers are active during subsequent
      multiplication.

PMID- 1219379
TI  - [Theoretical investigation on the hypochromism of dinucleoside phosphates].
AB  - The hypochromism of stacked dimers of the nucleotide bases taken as models of the
      dinucleoside phosphates and dinucleotides was studied with the use of the
      configuration interaction and pertubation theory methods. General expression for
      the hypochromism of the polynucleotides is given in the first order perturbation
      theory with three different ways  for approximation of the matrix elements of the
      perturbation operator. This expression was used for calculation of the dimer
      hypochromism in terms of theoretically calculated monomer characteristics.
      Dependence of the hypochromism on the  dimer conformation was investigated. The
      results obtained so far demonstrate that it is important to take into account the
      electronic transitions in the vacuum UV region. This approach will enable one to
      elucidate the contribution of neighbouring bases into the DNA hypochromism.

PMID- 1219380
TI  - [Theoretical conformational analysis of tripeptides. N-acetyl-L-alanyl-L-alanyl-L
      alanyl methylamide].
AB  - The minimization procedure has been used for calculation of the local minimum
      conformations of threepeptide--Ac-(L-Ala)3-NHMe without intramolecular H-bonds.
      The significant energy deviations from additivity found, arising with increase
      backbone length to three links, can be considered as the evidence for mutual
      dependence of conformational states of the neighbouring and terminal amino acid
      residues. It have been shown that stability of alpha-helix form for alanine
      threepeptide in contrary to corresponding dipeptide is noticeably higher due to
      stabilizing effect of dispersion interactions. The results of calculations are
      compared with the data on conformational distrubution of the threepeptide
      fragments in proteins with known three dimensional structure. The important role
      of the backbone interaction in protein chain have been marked.

PMID- 1219382
TI  - [Spectral manifestations of different types of acriflavine binding to DNA in
      ultraviolet and visible region].
AB  - Difference absorption spectra (complex-sum of the initial reagents) are obtained
      in the visible and longwave UV region for the system of actiflavine and DNA in a
      number of cases differing in initial and final degrees of DNA filling by the dye,
      in particular separately for two types of dye binding to DNA. For these binding
      types conventional absorption spectra are calculated. In the visible region for
      the first binding type ("strong" binding) red shift of the absorption band is
      observed; for the second type ("weak" binding) we observed splitting of the band,
      short wavelength component being highly prevailing, and hypochromism. In the UV
      region for both binding types the spectra changed in approximately similar way; a
      slight blue shift and a rather remarkable hypochromism are observed. It is shown
      that the dye brings the main contribution into the spectral changes in the UV
      region. If to take into account the spectral properties of molecular aggregates
      the data obtained are compatible with the intercalation model for "strong"
      binding and dye stacking on DNA for "weak" binding.

PMID- 1219381
TI  - [The effect of detergent Triton X=100 on the light induced changes in the
      fluorescence yield of chloroplasts].
AB  - It is shown that light induced changes of the fluorescence yield (delta F) of
      isolated chloroplasts are affected by Triton X-100. delta F value descreases with
      the increase of the detergent concentration from 0 to 0.03%, increases in the
      range of 0.03--0.05% and is irreversibly blocked at concentrations more than 0.08
      -0.1%. The same dependence of delta F on  the detergent concentration is obtained
      for "digitonin" fragments of chloroplasts enriched in the photosystem 2, but not
      for fragments enriched in the photosystem 1. Light induced delta F of
      chloroplasts treated by detergent were activated by hydroxylamine and saturated
      at lower light intensities than delta F of untreated chloroplasts. Addition of
      0.01% Triton resulted in an activation of light induced delta F of chloroplasts
      with damaged donor part of photosystem 2. It is suggested that the complex 
      dependence of delta F of chloroplasts on the Triton concentration is due to
      superposition of several effects: the uncoupling of photophosphorylation,
      inactivation of the electron transport chain in the donor and acceptor parts of
      photosystem 2, and changes of acting concentration of Triton X-100 within the
      range of critical micelle concentration.

PMID- 1219383
TI  - [The flash-photolysis study of recombination of hemoproteins with carbon monoxide
      at low temperatures].
AB  - The hemoproteins (sperm whale myoglobin, hemoglobin from larvae of Chironomus
      thummi thummi, bovine hemoglobin) were studied in viscous solvents (saturated
      sucrose solution, glycerol and water-glycerol solutions) in the temperature range
      +50 divided by -100 degrees C. At low temperatures the three-phase kinetics of Mb
      recombination with CO was observed. The velocities of two "fast" reactions did
      not depend on ligand concentration. This fact indicates that they are due to a so
      called cage-effect. The formation of the cage is caused apparently by a local
      change of the solvent state in the heme region. To explain the biphasic "cage"
      kinetics it has been assumed that during some time after photodissociation
      myoglobin remains in the "ligand-bound" conformation and reacts with CO faster
      than the "normal" myoglobin. For other hemoproteins the "cage-effect" was not
      observed. For all the studied hemoproteins the quantum yield of photodissociation
      decreased as the temperature decreased. The decrease of quantum yield can be
      described by the Arrenius law. The rates of the decrease of quantum yield differ
      for different proteins.

PMID- 1219384
TI  - [Specificity of methylation of cytosine risidues in DNA of Bacillus brevis var. G
      B].
AB  - On growing the cells of Bacillus brevis S methionine-auxotroph mutant in the
      presence of (methyl-3H)-methionine practically the total radioactivity included
      into DNA is found to exist in 5-methylcytosine (MC) and 6N-methyladenine (MA).
      The analysis of pyrimidine isopliths isolated from DNA shows that radioactivity
      only exists in mono- and dinucleotides and the content of MC in Pur-MC-Pur and
      Pur-MC-T-Pur oligonucleotides is equal. The analysis of dinucleotides isolated
      from DNA by means of pancreatic DNAase hydrolysis allows the nature of purine
      residues neighbouring with MC to be revealed and shows that MC localizes in G-MC
      A and G-MC-T-Pu fragments. Bac. brevis S DNA-methylase modifying cytosine
      residues recognizes the GCAT GC degenerative nucleotide sequence which is a part
      of the following complementary structure with rotational symmetry: (5') ... N'--G
      -MC--T--G--C--N ... (3') (3') ... N--C--G--A--MC--G--N' ... (5') Cytosine
      modifying DNA-methylase activity is isolated from Bac. brevis cells; it is
      capable of methylating in vitro homologous and heterologous DNA. Hence, DNA in
      bacterial cells can be partially undermethylated. This enzyme methylates cytosine
      residues in native and deneaturated DNA in the same nucleotide sequences. As
      compared to the native DNA, the denaturated DNA is indicative of a decrease in
      the level of methylation of adenine, rather than cytosine residues. Specificity
      of methylation of cytosine residues in vitro and in vivo does not depend on the
      nature of substrate DNA (calf thymus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa etc.). DNA
      methylases of different variants of Bac. brevis (R, S, P+, P-) methylate cytosine
      residues in the same nucleotide sequences. It means that specificity of
      methylation of DNA cytosine residues in the cells of different variants of Bac.
      brevis is the same.

PMID- 1219386
TI  - [The possibility of recognition of nucleic bases by amino acids and peptides with
      the help of hydrogen bonds].

PMID- 1219387
TI  - [Regularities of formation of chlorophyll-human serum albumin functionally active
      complexes in the aqueous medium].
AB  - In the system with constant content of the chlorophyll a and increasing amounts
      of human serum albumin, dependence of pigment incorporation into the complex upon
      interaction of its aqueous associates with protein solutions was studied by
      applying the gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and by measuring light scattering
      and rate of sensitized photoreduction of the methyl red by ascorbic-acid. The
      curves were obtained after extraction of the chlorophyll by acetone from dry
      pigment-protein films formed after desiccation of the aqueous systems. Sigmoid
      character of the above dependences, their linearization in Hill's coordinates and
      the value of cooperativity coefficient close to 2 testifies in favour of the
      cooperative character of the complex formation, two pigment molecules reacting
      with a single protein molecule. Measurement of adsorption isotherms and their
      treatment with use of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller theory of polymolecular
      adsorption make it possible to evaluate the maximum molar ratio of the pigment to
      the protein in the complex (close to 2). The pigment-pigment interaction suggests
      that the chlorophyll molecules adsorbed on the protein are in the state of
      loosely packed dimers. Deaggregation of aqueus pigment associates by the protein
      in the course of complex formation results in a considerable increase of the
      protosensitizing chlorophyll activity.

PMID- 1219385
TI  - [Electron structure of some compounds of the vitamin B 6 group].

PMID- 1219388
TI  - [Defective bacteriophage MS2 particles containing specific RNA FRAGMENTS].
AB  - Two types of MS2 particle are revealed when phage lysates are banded in CsCl
      density gradient. The lower band contain normal phage particles with a density of
      1.46 g/cm3. The upper band with a density of 1.44 g/cm3 containes uninfective
      incomplete MS2 particles. Both phage types reveal no abnormalities in the content
      of the coat protein and A-protein. They are nearly identical in RNA content. RNA
      in the normal buoyant density phage particles is native. RNA in the defective
      particles consists of three specific fragments with molecular weights 6.5-10(5),
      5.5-10(5) and 4.4-10(5) and molar ratios 5:4:9 respectively. THE 5'-TERMINAL
      ANALYSIS OF RNA from defective MS2 particles reveals the presence of native
      pppGp. THE 3'-TERMINAL ANALYSIS OF THE INDIVIDUAL RNA fragments reveals the
      presence of adenosine only in the shortest fragment. RNA fragmentation in
      defective particles can be explained by the action of intracellular RNAses on the
      unprotected regions on RNA chain in structurally incomplete virions.

PMID- 1219390
TI  - [The comparative analysis of interaction between acridine orange and DNA
      containing systems].
AB  - The interaction between acridine orange (AO) and diluted and concentrated
      solutions of DNA, DNP systems and chromatin suspension at the physiologic ionic
      strength was investigated. The effect of AO on DNP systems was also investigated.
      It was shown that highest possible number of AO molecules bound to DNA made up
      70% of the total number of nucleotides. The model of AO binding to DNA is
      proposed and used for calculation of constants of stronger and weaker AO-binding
      capacities equal to 6-10(6) M-1 and 1,7-10(5) M-1, respectively. The AO-DNA
      binding constants in DNP-complex are five as low. The primary number of binding
      sites in chromatin suspension made up 10% of the corresponding sites in DNA and
      increased as AO was adsorbed. AO induced the supercontraction of oriented DNP
      systems at the physiologic ionic strength and the appearance of the low
      temperature melting hump.

PMID- 1219391
TI  - [The origin of mitochondrial RNA in animal tissues. 4. Post-transcriptional RNA
      modification and polyribosome formation in isolated mitochondria].
AB  - The kinetics of synthesis of various mitochondrial RNA classes and their
      contribution to polyribosome formation was studied in isolated rat liver
      mitochondria and in inner membrane fraction obrained from the latter. In pulse
      labelling experiments it was shown that mitochondrial mRNA synthesis occurred via
      heavy precursor (30S) not bound to polysomes followed by maturation of polysome
      bound mRNA. The time course of polysomal mRNA decay in isolated mitochondria and
      of protein synthesis inactivation were studied under actinomycin D blockage of
      mitochondrial DNA trascription. The functional organization of transcriptional
      units of the mitochondrial genome is discussed in relation to the data obtained.

PMID- 1219393
TI  - [Theoretical conformational analysis of methylamide of N-acetyl-L-lysine].
AB  - The spatial structure of the methylamide of N-acetyl-L-lysine has been analysed
      taking into account non-bonded and electrostatic interactions, torsional energy,
      bond angles distortion and hydrogen bonding. Conformational capacities of the
      backbone and mutual dependence of spatial structures of the backbone and the side
      chain was described by conformational maps obtained by energy minimisation, the
      dihedral angles and the bond angles of the side chain being varied for every phi,
      psi point. Every possible combination for phi, psi, x1-x5-angles was used
      corresponding to the stable form of the backbone and to torsion potential minima
      of the initial approximations in the calculation of preferred conformations of
      the molecule. Comparisons are made between stable forms of the methylamide of N
      acetyl-L-lysine and Lys residues in proteins with known structure.

PMID- 1219394
TI  - [Possibility of internal organization of RNA and proteins in ribosomal
      subparticles. A structural model of Escherichia coli 30S ribosomal subparticle].
AB  - The hypothetic model of reciprocal spatial arrangement of 18 from 21 proteins in
      the E. coli 30S ribosomal subparticle is suggested. The model is based on
      conception of the 16S R-A molecule macrostrand which is the right superhelix in
      the subparticle composition. Macrohelix's biopolarity against single-stranded
      sites of RNA and its small width result in that proteins binding with single
      stranded RNA organized in chain, one-number sequence. The double helixes uniting
      the corresponding one single-stranded sites of RNA play the role of rigid
      transmission between them. So, in the course of subparticles reconstruction from
      RNA and proteins the spatially uncoupled proteins can interact without its direct
      contact. The model takes into consideration the vast amount of information.

PMID- 1219399
TI  - [Proceedings of the 71st regular assembly of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
      Kinderheilkunde in Hamburg September 9-11, 1974].

PMID- 1219397
TI  - [The effect of various acylating agents on the catalytic properties and structure
      of aspartate aminotransferase].
AB  - Changes of quaternary structure and conformation of molecule concomitant with
      inactivation were observed in the course of aspartate transaminase acylation by
      maleic, citraconic, dimethylmaleic and succinic anhydrides. It was established
      that acylation of 10-12 xi-amino groups of lysine did not induce the dissociation
      of transaminase into subunits. Further acylation of amino groups (2 groups if
      dimethylmaleic anhydrade was used as acylating agent) induced dissociation of
      transaminase dimer into subunits. These data were obtained by sedimentation
      analysis. The dissociation was accompanied with a sharp decrease of correlation
      time (from 18 nsec to 9 nsec) of the paramagnetic label covalently bound to the
      protein. The obtained results allow us to distinguish three types of xi
      aminogroups of aspartate transaminase: exposed (about 12 residues), "contact" (2
      residues) located in the vicinity to complementary surfaces of subunits and
      buried (about 6 residues). The stepwise  inactivation occurred during the
      acylation as a result of conformational changes or appearance of sterical
      hindrances in the cataytic site of the enzyme. The thiol groups were not modified
      in transaminase molecule under experimental conditions used. Aspartate
      transaminase treated with citraconic or dimethylmaleic anhydride may be
      deacylated under mild conditions. After reacylation the quaternary structure was
      reconstituted and catalytic activity was almost fully restored.

PMID- 1219401
TI  - [Technics and hazards of prenatal diagnostic measures].

PMID- 1219400
TI  - [Frequency analysis of prenatally recognizable diseases].

PMID- 1219402
TI  - [Pediatric follow-up studies after amniocentesis].

PMID- 1219403
TI  - [Prenatal diagnosis of chromosome aberrations].

PMID- 1219404
TI  - [Proceedings: Cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis): the problem of prenatal
      diagnosis. Contribution for discussion].

PMID- 1219405
TI  - [Prenatal diagnosis and therapy of infections].

PMID- 1219406
TI  - [Significance of incidence analysis in congenital metabolic diseases (as
      illustrated on the example of both types of galactosemia)].

PMID- 1219407
TI  - [Development of children following prenatal transfusion therapy due to the
      severity of RH-erythroblastosis].

PMID- 1219408
TI  - [Physiological nutrition and eating habits].

PMID- 1219409
TI  - [2. Obesity due to overeating. Symptoms and classification of various forms of
      obesity].

PMID- 1219410
TI  - [Biochemical and endocrinologic principles of simple obesity].

PMID- 1219411
TI  - [Psychological and psychosocial factors in the genesis of child obesity].

PMID- 1219412
TI  - [Somatic therapy of obesity due to overeating].

PMID- 1219413
TI  - [Psychosomatic therapy concepts of adiposity in childhood].

PMID- 1219414
TI  - [Long-term prognosis of obesity].

PMID- 1219415
TI  - [Effect of pre- and postnatal malnutrition on brain development].

PMID- 1219416
TI  - [Proceedings: Early high-calory nutrition in "low-birth-weights": Influence on
      weight increase, blood sugar, serum-protein, and serum-bilirubin].

PMID- 1219417
TI  - [Proceedings: Relation between skinfold thickness and depot fat in childhood as
      computed using the potassium-40-method].

PMID- 1219418
TI  - [Development of obesity in school children 7-11 years of age].

PMID- 1219419
TI  - [Analysis of food intake in adipose children].

PMID- 1219420
TI  - [Nutritional effect on nucleic acid metabolism of the rat brain in the postnatal
      period].

PMID- 1219421
TI  - [Endocrinology of puberty].

PMID- 1219422
TI  - [Development retardation].

PMID- 1219423
TI  - [Strauma in adolescence].

PMID- 1219424
TI  - [Gynecologic diseases of young girls].

PMID- 1219425
TI  - [Psychology and psychopathology in adolescence].

PMID- 1219426
TI  - [Therapeutic principles of constitutional accelerated growth].

PMID- 1219427
TI  - [Proceedings: Estrogen treatment of constitutional accelerated growth in girls].

PMID- 1219428
TI  - [Proceedings: Treatment of accelerated growth].

PMID- 1219429
TI  - [Proceedings: Therapeutic principles of constitutional accelerated growth. Side
      effects].

PMID- 1219430
TI  - [Proceedings: Summary of the concluding discussions on the treatment of
      accelerated growth].

PMID- 1219431
TI  - [Brief and combination tests for the diagnosis of hormonal insufficiency in
      children with retarded growth].

PMID- 1219432
TI  - [Screening test for the exclusion of growth-hormone deficiency].

PMID- 1219433
TI  - [Insulin- and propanol-glucagon stimulation tests. Comparison of both methods].

PMID- 1219435
TI  - [Psychology of retarded growth in children and juveniles].

PMID- 1219434
TI  - [Somatically oriented treatment of anorexia nervosa].

PMID- 1219436
TI  - [Adolescent fathers].

PMID- 1219437
TI  - [Neuromuscular diseases in the pubertal age].

PMID- 1219438
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus in the 2d decade of life].

PMID- 1219439
TI  - [Incident and distribution of congenital heart defects in the patient material of
      a large city].

PMID- 1219440
TI  - [Postoperative examination following surgery for aortic stenoses].

PMID- 1219441
TI  - [Long-term results following surgery for ventricular septal defects].

PMID- 1219442
TI  - [Proceedings: Long-term results following closure of atrial septal defects].

PMID- 1219443
TI  - [Clinical and functional results of children with Fallot's tetralogy after
      corrective surgery].

PMID- 1219445
TI  - [Does successful surgery of congenital heart defects lead to the increase of
      abnormalities in future generations?].

PMID- 1219444
TI  - [Long-term observations following palliative surgery in tricuspid valve
      atresias].

PMID- 1219446
TI  - [Proceedings: Ultrasonic scanning and cardiorespirography in a 8-year-old girl
      with pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 1219447
TI  - [Significance of the so-called oncobiogram for the therapy of malignant tumors in
      children].

PMID- 1219448
TI  - [Cerebellar motor disorder and neuroblastoma].

PMID- 1219449
TI  - [Influence of various artificial infant foods on specific immunologic parameters
      in premature infants].

PMID- 1219450
TI  - [Intravenous IgM administration].

PMID- 1219451
TI  - [BCG granulomatosis, a complication of vaccination, induced through a limited
      cellular defect of the immune system].

PMID- 1219452
TI  - [Recurrent candidiasis in bone-marrow peroxidase deficiency].

PMID- 1219453
TI  - [1st results with a combined live vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella].

PMID- 1219454
TI  - [Etiology and course of chronic renal insufficiency in childhood].

PMID- 1219455
TI  - [Comparison of the clinical symptoms of nephronophtisis and oligomeganephrony].

PMID- 1219456
TI  - [Demonstration of partial urine-concentration disorder in neglected renal
      diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 1219457
TI  - [C3-complement in glomerular diseases in childhood].

PMID- 1219458
TI  - [Proceedings: Pneumatosis intestinalis in infants].

PMID- 1219459
TI  - [Proceedings: Selective vitamin B 12-malabsorption (Immerslud-Grasbeck syndrome)
      as the cause of early infantile growth disorder].

PMID- 1219461
TI  - [Trehalose tolerance test in malabsorption syndrome].

PMID- 1219460
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of congenital and acquired disaccharidase deficiency of
      the intestinal mucosa].

PMID- 1219462
TI  - [Significance of coloscopy in the diagnosis of colonic diseases in childhood].

PMID- 1219463
TI  - [Examination of osmolar clearance using different infussion methods in healthy
      premature and newborn infants and in children with respiratory problems].

PMID- 1219464
TI  - [Study on the albumin-bilirubin binding capacity].

PMID- 1219465
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of the Crigler-Najjar syndrome].

PMID- 1219466
TI  - [TSH and T4-level in newborn infants with congenital struma].

PMID- 1219467
TI  - [Study of Heinz-body formation in erythrocytes of newborn infants on hemolysates.
      Isolation and characterisation of pathological hemoglobin derivatives. Reducing
      glutathiol and hemochromogen formation].

PMID- 1219468
TI  - [Critical comments on transcutaneous p02 measurement in newborn infants at risk].

PMID- 1219469
TI  - [Standarisation of the oral glucose tolerance test using an oligosaccharide
      mixture (DEXTRO O.G-T.) in schoolchildren].

PMID- 1219470
TI  - [Relationship between the total water content and potassium level in newborn
      infants].

PMID- 1219471
TI  - [Experience with acetylsalicylic acid in long-term prevention of thrombosis in
      children].

PMID- 1219473
TI  - [Clinical, histological, and histochemical study of a new form of myopathy].

PMID- 1219472
TI  - [Prognosis of congenital hypothyroidism. Psychopathological findings in 30 long
      term managed children].

PMID- 1219474
TI  - [Duplication of the diaphragm--an easily diagnosable abnormality].

PMID- 1219475
TI  - [Fetal copper transfer in Menk's syndrome].

PMID- 1219476
TI  - [Cell reactivity in patients with nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis in
      various stages of the disease].

PMID- 1219477
TI  - [Significance of ultrasonic-incision technics for the abdominal diagnosis in
      children].

PMID- 1219478
TI  - [Current status of acceleration in school children in Bavaria with demonstration
      of a new somatogramm].

PMID- 1219479
TI  - [The significance of speaking for the transfer of bacteria, and of the tuberculin
      skin test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (author's transl)].
AB  - A Korean nurse was employed in Germany after having passed the routine medical
      checkup without discovery of apparent disease. Five months later she fell ill
      with fever due to pneumonia. Work was suspended for 8 days and then continued in
      an infants' ward for another 8 weeks. Because of increasing weakness the nurse
      was reexamined medically. This revealed an open Tuberculosis of the lung. The
      sputum culture was positive. The following treatment was successfull. No infant
      or other person with previous contact to the nurse contracted tuberculosis. The
      explanation for this is presumably given by the virtual speechlessness of the
      foreign nurse. --The importance of the tuberculin skin test for the diagnosis of
      tuberculosis is discussed with regard to the declining incidence of new
      infections, and practicability of mass screening for this disease.

PMID- 1219481
TI  - [Drug therapy and prevention of urinary tract infections in children. Podium
      discussions held during the 71st session of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
      Kinderheilkunde, Sep 11, 1974. Bacteriological and immunological principles].

PMID- 1219480
TI  - [Changes in pediatrics (author's transl)].
AB  - The decrease of infant mortality and the dramatic reduction of infectious
      diseases including Tuberculosis and Poliomyelitis have changed the problems in
      pediatrics. Today, sick children, who formerly had to be hospitalised are treated
      by the practitioner. In the hospitals, physicians are more dealing with chronic
      and malign diseases, where in addition, problems of psychological guidance of
      these children and their parents are of importance. Pediatrics should  deal with
      all aspects of child welfare and development directly or indirectly related to
      health.

PMID- 1219482
TI  - [Drug therapy and prevention of urinary tract infections in children. Clinical
      course and prognosis].

PMID- 1219483
TI  - [Urinary tract infections in children. Drug therapy and prevention].

PMID- 1219484
TI  - The quantitative microsomal mutagenesis assay method.

PMID- 1219485
TI  - Snake antivenin.

PMID- 1219486
TI  - Deaths from accidental poisonings.

PMID- 1219487
TI  - [Experimental intracranial venous microsurgery. Bypass of the sagittal sinus for
      arterial or venous repair and preoperative measurement of the cerebral impedance
      in the dog].
AB  - By-passes of the sagittal sinus-which is 2,5 mm in diameter-were carried out with
      autogenous arterial or venous grafts, in 34 dogs, using the classical
      microtechniques (operative microscope, micro-instruments, micro-sutures...).
      Controls were done both 1 degree by angiography (direct sinography was the only
      convenient procedure to visualize the sinus and the by-pass) during survival, and
      2 degrees by anatomical and histological examination after sacrifying the
      animals, on an average the 40th post-operative day (from the 10th to the 75th
      day). The early patency rate (within the first post-operative month) was 76 p.
      100. All cases of early thromboses, which affected especially venous autografts,
      were related to technical insufficiencies. The late patency rate (after a one
      month follow-up) was only 64 p. 100, because of the secondary occlusion of some
      arterial autografts. All these late thromboses were related to an extensive
      fibrosis of the arterial wall.

PMID- 1219488
TI  - [Role of transcutaneous electric stimulation in indication for implantation of an
      analgesic stimulator].
AB  - The author's describe: I. METHODS OF ANALGESIC CUTANEOUS STIMULATION: I)
      Transcutaneous analgesic stimulation: Stimulations realized by biphasic
      asymetrical "waves" of 0 to 80 milliamps intensity for a frequency of 10 to 100
      cycles/S. -Place of the stimulation: a painful area. -Stimulation length: 15 to
      20 minutes, repeated during several days. RESULTS: appreciate patients tolerance
      to the tingling sensation. Test the analgesic effect, sometimes sufficient to
      treat the patient. 2) Analgesic percutaneous stimulation: The percutaneous
      electrode is applicated to the dura, without penetrating it. Same types of
      results as for transcuteneous stimulation but more precise. II. DEFINITION of the
      indication of chronic implantation of an analgesic stimulator. Studying results
      of repeated analgesic transcutaneous stimulations allows to distinguish between
      several possibilities. I) Intolerance of the sensation of stimulation: Contra
      Indication or increasing of the pain. 2) Complete and lasting amelioration leads
      to: Chronic transcutaneous neurostimulation. 3) Partial amelioration, No
      amelioration leads to: Acute percutaneous stimulation either successful results
      after stimulation, : Chronic implantation: -of peripheral nerve -on a peripheric
      nerve -of dorsal column -on dorsal column, either paraesthesis without
      Analgesia:? III - EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF THE
      "ANALGESIANT" ELECTRIC STIMULATION. A cutaneous "analgesiant" stimulation
      produces, in the cat, the inhibition of evocated potential in C.M. by
      "nociceptive" stimulation of the sciatic nerve. The inhibition only appears after
      a 30 minutes latence. This let suppose different mechanisms from the "Gate
      Control" theory. The authors specify their personal results (Tab. 2.)

PMID- 1219489
TI  - [Method of automatic modal analysis of variations in intracranial pressure in
      man].
AB  - When ICP measurement is used for a neuro-surgical patient we wonder about two
      questions: --which are the highest and the mean ICP value? --is there some
      spontaneous pathological variations like plateau wave or b wave? To answer these
      questions it is necessary to record ICP for extended periods of time. Numerical
      values are difficult and tedious to set up from ICP standard recordings. To
      resolve this practical problem, JANNY and KULLBERG had proposed a statistical
      automatic analysis of the different ICP values using a computer. The modal curve
      of the different classes of ICP amplitudes is then recorded. For 62 patients with
      various pathological situations (head injury subarachnoid hemorrhage, posterior
      fossa tumor, normal pressure hydrocephalus and dementia with symetric ventricular
      enlargement...) ICP has been recorded during 12 hours at the same time on the
      standard ink-writer recorder, and on a standard multichannels automatical
      analysis giving the modal curve of ICP amplitudes. On the round-headed modal
      curve obtained, ICP modal value i.e. the most frequent pressure value, can be
      read directly. ICP variations beyond this modal value like plateau wave or
      vasomotor variations modify the general aspect of this modal curve and sometimes
      in a specifical manner as regarded to the pathological situation. In our findings
      posterior fossa tumor without high modal ICP level are frequent but in these
      cases vasomotor response are nevertheless always present. In cases of normal
      pressure hydrocephalus as defined by clinical aspect, ventriculography and
      cisternography, the ICP modal value is higher than 12 mm Hg and vasomotor
      variations like B wave occurs frequently. The most typical monophasic aspect has
      been noticed in cases of metastatic meningitis. This technical approach of ICP
      measurement is very useful and gives immediately to the clinician the exact mean
      or modal ICP value as measured on the modal curve of the different ICP amplitudes
      with more accuracy and attainability than on the usual long term recordings.

PMID- 1219490
TI  - [Lymphocytic infiltration in human gliomas].
AB  - A histological study of lymphocytic infiltration has been undertaken following
      removal at operation of one hundred human gliomas. This study has been completed
      with eight cases of tumour recurrence, six attempted autologous grafts, twenty
      one post-mortems and fourteen explorations of delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
      About half of the glioma specimens showed lymphocytic infiltration and no
      reaction was present in the other. Within this series of glioblastomas a
      correlation existed between the presence of infiltrating lymphocytes and the
      duration both of pre and post operative tumour evolution. The rejection of
      autologous grafts seemed to depend directly on the presence of lymphocytic
      infiltrations associated with the primary tumour. The retarded hypersensitivity
      reactions obtained after intradermic inoculations of cellular lyophilizates did
      not seem to be directly related either to the phenomenon of autologous graft
      rejection or to the presence of lymphocytic infiltrations. The results suggest
      that there is a complex system represented by two antigenic groups of
      transplantation type and sensitization type.

PMID- 1219491
TI  - [Cerebrovascular accidents and oral contraceptives (reflections a propos of 36
      observations)].
AB  - Thirty-six cases of cerebro-vascular accidents in young women using oral
      contraceptives have been studied and a survey of the literature devoted to the
      subject gives an opportunity to discuss a few problems related with these
      accidents. They occur with no evident relationship with the type of drug used,
      and the duration of treatment; in 66 p. 100 of the cases these patients have a
      definite and sometimes severe pathological history prior to the neurological
      accident. The cerebro-vascular accidents are of the ischemic type in more than 80
      p. 100 of the cases. Angiographic studies demonstrate various types of lesion:
      stenosis or thrombosis of the arteries; in almost all of the cases the internal
      carotid artery or the sylvian artery or both of them are concerned; the angiogram
      appeared normal in 8 cases.

PMID- 1219492
TI  - [Arthrodesis of the sub-occipital spine by screwed occipito-cervical plate.
      Clinical case and technical notes].
AB  - The authors report a new technique in arthrodesis of the sub-occipital spine
      which has been experienced since 1973 in case of metastases at CI-C2 level. An
      occipitovertebral metal plate, inverted Y shaped has been realised after
      anatomical and biomecanical studies. It is adapted to the occipito-vertebral
      curvature and screwed in the articular processes of C3 and C4 (14 mm screw), and
      in the pedicles of C2 (32 mm screw). At the upper part, the occiptal ridge offers
      fixation by 12 and 14 mm Muller's screw. In addition CI is attached to the plate,
      by a nylon thread. After the report of the first clinical case with a nine month
      period of follow up technical features of the material as well as practical
      problems are exposed. Tomograms of the cervical spine as well as bilateral
      brachial angiography are of paramount value. The latter investigation may reveal
      anomalies of the vertebral artery that can hinder of forbid the pedicular
      fixation. Finally the authors discuss the extension of this technique to complexe
      trauma of the suboccipital column.

PMID- 1219494
TI  - Aspergillosis of the central nervous system. A clinical and mycopathological
      study of 9 cases.

PMID- 1219493
TI  - [Operation for stenosis of the internal carotid artery secondary to irradiation
      (a propos of 1 observation)].
AB  - A case of atheromatous left internal carotid stenosis is reported in a 25 years
      old male who had been treated 7 years before by cobalt radiations on the left
      angulo-mandibular region for ganglionar reticular cell sarcoma with apparent
      curative effect. Right hemiplegia with aphasia was present on hospital admission.
      No systemic sign of vascular atheromatous involvement could be detected.
      Endarteriectomy was performed and was followed by complete recovery. Post
      operative angiography confirmed that normal blood flow had been restored. After
      survey of pertinent literature, it is proposed that gamma ray irradiation was the
      main factor in determining a carotid stenosis localized to the irradiated field.

PMID- 1219495
TI  - Electroencephalographic changes in renal failure and their alteration after
      dialysis procedures.

PMID- 1219496
TI  - Deaths encountered in psychiatric inpatients in a general hospital.

PMID- 1219497
TI  - Neurological assessment of 268 children with cerebral palsy (preliminary report).

PMID- 1219498
TI  - Lafora body disease. Report of a family.

PMID- 1219499
TI  - Teratoma in the newborn (a review with case report).

PMID- 1219500
TI  - Giant traumatic aneurysm of the intracranial carotid artery (case report).

PMID- 1219501
TI  - Posterior fossa extradural haematoma (case report).

PMID- 1219502
TI  - Adenoid cystic epithelioma of lacrimal gland presenting as an intracranial tumour
      (case report).

PMID- 1219503
TI  - Amygdalar participation in tonic ACTH secretion in the rat.
AB  - The role of the amygdaloid complexes in the compensatory hypersecretion of ACTH
      following adrenalectomy was studied in the adult male rat. Unilateral or
      bilateral radiofrequency or knife-cut lesions were placed in the amygdalae, their
      efferent pathways or the septal region. Three weeks following adrenalectomy
      resting plasma ACTH concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Bilateral
      lesions of a direct medial-projecting portion of the ventral amygdalo
      hypothalamic pathway blocked the compensatory hypersecretion of ACTH following
      adrenalectomy. A unilateral complete amygdalar lesion coupled with destruction of
      the same direct amygdalo-hypothalamic pathway on the opposite side had the same
      positive effect. In contrast, unilateral destruction of the direct amygdalo
      hypothalamic projections, ablation of the septum, or bilateral destruction of the
      stria terminalis did not block hypersecretion of ACTH following adrenalectomy.
      These data suggest that the amygdalae and their direct hypothalamic projections,
      but not the stria terminalis or septum, are essential for the hypersecretion of
      ACTH following adrenalectomy. Furthermore, one amygdaloid complex appears
      sufficient for this effect. It is possible that the amygdalae act as a central
      nervous system 'glucocorticoid-sensor' in the modulation of ACTH secretion in the
      rat.

PMID- 1219504
TI  - Vasotocin biosynthesis by neurohypophysial cells from human fetuses. Evidence for
      its ependymal origin.
AB  - Cultured neurohypophysial cells from human fetuses aged 130-155 days release into
      the culture medium an active principle which has antidiuretic, hydroosmotic and
      rat uterine activities. The chromatographic mobility of the active principle, as
      well as the susceptibility of all of the above activities to tryptic digestion,
      indicates the presence of a basic peptide identical to arginine vasotocin (AVT).
      The ability of these cultured cells, which are probably ependymal cells, to
      release the above activities during 43 days of incubation, suggests that AVT is
      synthesized and secreted by specialized ependymal cells in the developing human
      neurohypophysis. Neither in the culture media from anterior pituitaries of the
      same fetuses nor in control culture media could antidiuretic, rat uterine or
      hydroosmotic activities be detected. Although the nonincubated neurohypophyses of
      the same age contain pharmacological activities suggesting the presence of
      vasopressin, oxytocin and AVT, the neurohypophysial cells cultured in vitro
      apparently release only AVT into the medium. This supports the suggestion that
      whereas vasopressin and oxytocin are synthesized in the hypothalamic
      neurosecretory cells, AVT, on the contrary, appears to be synthesized by
      ependymal neurohypophysial cells in the developing human neurohypophysis.
      Consequently, the fetal human neurohypophysis, and presumably the fetal mammalian
      neurohypophysis, appears not only as a storage site for neurohypophysial hormones
      but also as an endocrine structure which synthesizes and secretes AVT by
      ependymosecretion.

PMID- 1219505
TI  - Effect of meal feeding on daily rhythms of plasma corticosterone and growth
      hormone in the rat.
AB  - After rats had adapted to regular meal feeding in the morning they demonstrated
      an altered circadian rhythm of plasma corticosterone (B) even under the normal
      light-dark cycle. The altered daily rhythm of plasma B consisted of two peaks,
      with one peak at 08.00 h in anticipation of meal feeding and a second peak
      corresponding to the normal peak of plasma B prior to lights-off seen in ad
      libitum-fed animals. Neither peak of plasma B in the meal-fed animals achieved
      the magnitude of the single peak observed in control animals. In spite of some
      quantitative differences during certain periods of the day, after the animals had
      adapted to meal feeding there was no difference in the basic profile of the daily
      rhythm of plasma immunoactive growth hormone (GH).

PMID- 1219506
TI  - Melatonin inhibition of pineal enzymes in Coturnix quail.
AB  - The activities of the melatonin-forming enzymes hydroxyindole-O-methyl
      transferase (HIOMT) and N-acetyl transferase (NAT) were determined in pineals of
      mature female Coturnix quail receiving implants of melatonin (10 mug, 1 mug, 0.1
      mug) weekly for 4 weeks. Both HIOMT and NAT were significantly decreased by
      implants of 10 and 1 mug melatonin compared to vehicle and intact controls.
      Oviductal weights tended to be higher with increasing quantities of melatonin.
      These results suggest that melatonin exerts a feedback inhibition upon its
      synthesizing enzymes which may be of particular importance during the rapid
      sexual maturation of this species.

PMID- 1219507
TI  - Absence of a circadian rhythm in persisting corticosterone fluctuations following
      surgical isolation of the medial basal hypothalamus.
AB  - To determine whether the circadian rhythm in pituitary-adrenal function is
      abolished after interruption of neural connections of the medial basal
      hypothalamus (MBH), corticosterone patterns were examined in individual adult
      female rats following surgical isolation of the MBH (MBHI rats). Non-stress
      plasma corticosterone levels were assessed fluorometrically in blood samples
      obtained from a tail vein of each rat at 4-h intervals for 44 h, 7-8 weeks after
      surgery. The highest corticosterone levels for most intact and sham-operated
      controls were obtained in samples collected at the period of light-dark
      transition. Individual MBHI rats demonstrated steroid excursions of normal
      amplitude that were not linked with time of day; these patterns appeared
      asynchronous and devoid of a 24-h cycle. The data indicate that major excursions
      in plasma corticosterone levels persist following surgical interruption of
      connections of the MBH, but circadian rhythmicity is abolished.

PMID- 1219508
TI  - [Ethrane in the otorhinolaryngologic surgery. Considerations on 300 cases of
      narcosis].

PMID- 1219510
TI  - [Minimal lesions of the pharyngeal mucosa as causes of emphysema in anesthesia
      and resuscitation].

PMID- 1219509
TI  - [Clinical study on the Ketalar-Epontol association].

PMID- 1219511
TI  - [Ketamine and hemostasis in otorhinolaryngologic surgery].

PMID- 1219512
TI  - [Studies on diffusion of HAA in a resuscitation center].

PMID- 1219513
TI  - [Professional ethics for anesthetics].

PMID- 1219514
TI  - [Role of specific and non-specific allergy in certain eye diseases].

PMID- 1219515
TI  - [Characteristics of clinical course of allergic uveitis of streptococcal
      etiology].

PMID- 1219516
TI  - [Reaction of microprecipitation after Hoigne and the test of peripheral blood
      leukocyte migration inhibition in sympathetic ophthalmia].

PMID- 1219517
TI  - [Oculovascular reactions in patients with primary glaucoma].

PMID- 1219518
TI  - [Ophthalmic changes in neurilemmoma of the acoustic nerve].

PMID- 1219519
TI  - [Asthenopias and accommodation spasms and their treatment].

PMID- 1219520
TI  - [Indications for contact lens correction in persons with poor vision in the
      Krasnoyarsk region].

PMID- 1219521
TI  - [Roentgenological image of skull bones in women with pathologic menopause and
      disorders of intraocular pressure regulation].

PMID- 1219522
TI  - [Schilder's leukodystrophy (clinical, genealogical and histological study of a
      case)].

PMID- 1219523
TI  - [Changes in the blood coagulation processes in patients with thrombosis of
      retinal vessels at different periods of the disease].

PMID- 1219524
TI  - [Oculoglandular form benign lymphoreticulosis (cat-scratch disease)].

PMID- 1219525
TI  - [Histochemical study of certain hydrolytic enzymes and lipids in tumors of the
      uveal tract].

PMID- 1219526
TI  - [Use of kalanchoe juice for treatment of diseases and injuries of the cornea].

PMID- 1219528
TI  - [Use of ultrasonics in complex therapy of herpetic keratitis and progressive
      myopia].

PMID- 1219527
TI  - [Effect of nonspecific sensitization on the course of experimental herpetic
      keratoconjunctivitis].

PMID- 1219530
TI  - [Control of hypokinesia in the postoperative period].

PMID- 1219529
TI  - [Medical and socio-occupational rehabilitation of patients with senile cataract
      in rural areas].

PMID- 1219531
TI  - [Pigment degeneration of the retina and secondary glaucoma].

PMID- 1219532
TI  - [Surgery in complex treatment of amblyopia in children with convergent
      strabismus].

PMID- 1219533
TI  - [Certain problems of prevention and treatment of amblyopia].

PMID- 1219534
TI  - [Successful extraction of secondary complicated cataract in sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1219535
TI  - [New clinical variant of Foster Kennedy syndrome].

PMID- 1219536
TI  - [Atypical form of Marcus Gunn syndrome].

PMID- 1219537
TI  - [Case of favorable outcome of expulsive choroidal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1219538
TI  - Primary and secondary heart tumors in mice maintained on various diets.
AB  - Two mice of the TM strain, maintained on Purina chow supplemented with refined
      coin oil plus free fatty acids, in one case, and with refined corn oil without
      free fatty acids, in the other case, developed primary heart rhabdomyosarcomas.
      The tumors metastasized to the lungs and the kidney, in the first case, and to
      the lungs alone in the second case. One mouse of the TM strain, on the diet
      supplemented with corn oil plus free fatty acids, developed a fibrosarcoma behind
      the right anterior extremity. Metastases from the tumor were found in the liver,
      lungs and myocardium. Another mouse of the C57 Bl. strain, injected
      subcutaneously, in the interscapular region, at the age of 7 days, with a single
      dose of 30 mug of Delestrogen, developed, at the point of injection, a large
      rhabdomyosarcoma. At the age of 5333 days, when the animal was killed, metastases
      from the tumor were found in the intercostal muscles and in the heart. Three
      mice, one of the TM strain, on a diet supplemented with corn oil and cholesterol,
      and two of the C57 Br. strain, on a diet supplemented with raw egg yolk (rich in
      cholesterol) had organized blood clots in the atria (in two mice) and one
      extending into the ventricle.

PMID- 1219539
TI  - Cytogenetic evolution of Ehrlich ascites tumor in rats. A chromosome-banding
      study.
AB  - The injection of Ehrlich tumor cells into normal and immunosuppressed rats
      induced a transitory ascitic tumor. In an initial stage only Ehrlich metaphases
      were observed. The incidence of rat metaphases, which appeared later on,
      increased gradually reaching 100% in a stage when neither the viability nor the
      tumorigenicity of the Ehrlich cells were significantly modified. No mouse-rat
      hybrid cells were observed. The results suggest that cell hybridization may be
      essential for the "naturalization" of a heterologous tumor.

PMID- 1219540
TI  - Symptoms and causation of the planarian disease related to cancer.
AB  - The disease provoked by injections of water and other harmless liquids or wounds
      without tissue loss, is characterized by the regression of certain organs,
      opening in the epidermis, pigmentary anomalies and malignant tumors. The very few
      worms which recover spontaneously, regenerate the eliminated parts or develop
      supernumerary structures. Wound are producing the disease less frequently when
      planarians are undernourished. The disease can also manifest itself
      spontaneously, especially in the summer. Diseased worms become unable to
      regenerate. During a transitory period epimorphosis is still possible but is not
      followed by morphallaxis. The symptoms of the disease manifest themselves in the
      regenerated parts. A fragment cut out from a worm that just became diseased
      regenerates and recovers completely. The results give additional evidence to the
      earlier conclusions about the "type I cell" system of planarians. The disease is
      provoked by an excessive activity of this system with respect to the animal's
      actual need and is analogous both to cancer and the consequences of X-ray
      treatment.

PMID- 1219541
TI  - Transneuronal cellular degeneration in the somatic sensory relay nuclei in the
      cat. I. Dorsal column nuclei.

PMID- 1219542
TI  - Transneuronal cellular degeneration in the somatic sensory nuclei in the cat. II.
      Lateral cervical nucleus.

PMID- 1219543
TI  - Fibroarchitectonic relationships between the tectospinal and tecto-olivary
      tracts. An experimental anatomical study in the cat.

PMID- 1219555
TI  - [A factor influencing the process of chromatin condensation in hepatocytes of
      regenerating rat liver].
AB  - It was shown with the model supramolecular chromatin systems that the activity of
      the factor of chromatin condensation changes in the process of liver
      regeneration. No activity of the factor of chromatin condensation was found 20
      hrs after operation. Within 32-33 hrs (in the period of increased mitotic
      frequency) its activity approaches that prior to the operation. The nature of the
      activity of the factor of chromatin condensation is discussed with respect to the
      functional state of chromatin.

PMID- 1219556
TI  - [Incorporation of 3H-thymidine into glial cells of the parietal region and cells
      of the subependymal zone of two-week and adult mice under normal conditions and
      following brain injury].
AB  - Potencies of brain cells to DNA synthesis and proliferation were studied in two
      weeks old and adult mice in the norm and after the brain mechanical injury. No
      labeled large and middle neurons were found in the brain of intact and operated
      animals both under the pulse 3H-thymidine incorporation and saturation of mice
      with 3H-thymidine during 36 hrs. The same types of brains cells were labeled both
      in intact and operated two weeks old and adult mice: glial cells, cells of the
      subependymal zone, cells of the dentate gyrus inner margin, and sometimes, cells
      having characteristics of microneurons. The number of glial cells in the temporal
      cortex of intact mice diminished with the age. Under the brain trauma, the
      proliferative reaction of glia was expressed in a similiar way both in two weeks
      old and adult mice. The index of labeled cells in the subependymal zone is the
      same in these two age groups. With the age the cellular mass of subependymal zone
      decreases, rather than proliferative tendencies of supependymal zone. The brain
      traumatization resulted in the increase of labeled subependymal cell only under
      the direct injury of subependymal zone.

PMID- 1219559
TI  - [Mechanisms of adenohypophyseal development in birds].
AB  - It was established by micrurgical methods that the second step of adenohypophysis
      morphogenesis related to the submergence of the Rathke pouch epithelium in the
      proliferating mesenchyme takes place due to high adhesivity of cells of the
      anterior wall of adenohypophysis anlage towards diencephalon base independently
      submerging in the mesenchyme. Cell adhesion ensures the direct contact of both
      the formations on the basis of which characteristic relationships between
      hypothalamus and adenohypophysis arise during development.

PMID- 1219558
TI  - [Detection of biogenic monoamines in the developing nervous system of Lymnaea
      stagnalis mollusk embryos].
AB  - Formaldehyde-induced fluorescence of intraneuronal monoamines can be demonstrated
      in the Lymnaea embryos from the "late veliger" stage on. Green specific
      fluorescence indicating the presence of a primary catecholamine occurs in two
      paired formations which contain a mass of fibres and varicosities. The formations
      are supposed to correspond to cerebral and pedal ganglia. Single fibres of the
      same type can be seen in the foot and other organs of the embryo.

PMID- 1219571
TI  - [Operations in newborn infants from a clinical viewpoint].

PMID- 1219572
TI  - [Frequency and problems of hypoglykosemia during the postoperative course in
      newborn infants].

PMID- 1219573
TI  - [Occurrence and lethality of congenital stenoses of the digestive tract. Analysis
      of 30 years' material].

PMID- 1219574
TI  - [Diagnosis of mucoviscidosis and treatment of meconium-ileus].

PMID- 1219575
TI  - [Pneumatosis intestinalis cystica in newborn and older infants].

PMID- 1219576
TI  - [Findings and results in the surgical correction of diaphragmatic hernia].

PMID- 1219577
TI  - [Urodynamic studies in children with vesicoureteral reflux].

PMID- 1219578
TI  - [Effects of UV irradiation on the human cells: mechanisms of repair in normal
      individuals and in individuals with xeroderma pigmentosum].

PMID- 1219579
TI  - [Heptic changes in prolonged resuscitation].

PMID- 1219580
TI  - [Parotid gland oncocytoma associated with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
      gland (scintigraphic and anatomo-pathological study)].

PMID- 1219581
TI  - [Association of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with Kaposi's disease localized in
      skin, lymph nodes and spleen].

PMID- 1219582
TI  - [Effects of enflurane on the liver (experimental research)].

PMID- 1219583
TI  - [Continuous-flow automated determination of cholesterol by means of an enzymatic
      method].

PMID- 1219584
TI  - [Unusual observation of a paratesticular ganglionenroma in childhood].

PMID- 1219585
TI  - [Report on a case of hematogenous bilateral tuberculosis of the tonsils].

PMID- 1219586
TI  - [Immunological diagnosis of cryptococcosis].

PMID- 1219587
TI  - [Structural and functional aspects of the Golgi apparatus in normal and
      pathological conditions].

PMID- 1219589
TI  - [Adrenal cortex function in children with rheumatism].

PMID- 1219588
TI  - Ultrastructural demonstration of toxoplasma in human lymph nodes.

PMID- 1219591
TI  - [Change of certain indicators of lipid metabolism in children with rheumatism and
      circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 1219590
TI  - [Oxygen deficiency in rheumatism].

PMID- 1219592
TI  - [Change in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in rheumatism and
      certain other infectious-allergic diseases of children].

PMID- 1219593
TI  - [Incidence and basic predisposing factors to rheumatism recurrence in children
      after stage-by-stage sanatorium and health-resort treatment].

PMID- 1219594
TI  - [Molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1219595
TI  - [Certain urgent problems of rheumatism in children].

PMID- 1219596
TI  - [Isolation of antibodies to double-stranded RNA in children with collagen
      diseases].

PMID- 1219598
TI  - [Nature of proteinuria and the effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy in
      children with lupus nephritis].

PMID- 1219597
TI  - [Results of remote catamnestic observations of patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus].

PMID- 1219599
TI  - [Clinical course and diagnosis of endocardial fibroblastosis in children
      including endomyocardial biopsy of the left ventricle].

PMID- 1219601
TI  - [Morphological changes in the heart conduction system in congenital endocardial
      fibroelastosis with disorders of cardiac rhythm and conductivity].

PMID- 1219600
TI  - [Endomyocardial fibroelastosis in children (clinical course, treatment and
      prevention)].

PMID- 1219602
TI  - [Cardiac characteristics in children and adolescents engaged in swimming].

PMID- 1219603
TI  - [Physical education of school children with diseases and functional disorders of
      the cardiovascular system].

PMID- 1219604
TI  - [Cardiorheumatological rooms in pediatric polyclinics in Tomsk].

PMID- 1219605
TI  - [Modern methods of treatment of collagen diseases in children].

PMID- 1219606
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of pulmonary lesions caused by a membrane oxygenator.
      Comparison with a similar case, which had not received the same treatment].
AB  - The authors made a preliminary study of the damage caused by membrane
      oxygenators. They suggest nevertheless before a completely definative
      interpretation to increase the number of observations and above all to check the
      autopsy findings by an experimental study.

PMID- 1219607
TI  - [Chronic glomerulonephritis with Hb antigen].
AB  - The authors report nine cases of chronic glomerulonephritis with positive
      hepatitis B antigen (AgHB) (8 cases) and positive anti-AgHb (1 case). Five
      patients had membranous glomerulonephritis. The sub-type was ad in 6 cases and ay
      in 2. In 3 members of two families of patients, AgHB was positive with the same
      sub-type as the subject studied. In 5 cases, liver biopsy showed signs of chronic
      hepatitis. According to the authors, a positive AgHB in glomerulonephritis is
      often associated with clinically latent chronic hepatitis.

PMID- 1219608
TI  - [A new expression of the ultrasonic image: half-tones].

PMID- 1219609
TI  - [The association between pheochromocytoma and brown fat pseudotumor].
AB  - A new case of an association between phaeochromocytoma and a brown fat pseudo
      tumour is presented, with arteriographic and histological documents. The case
      serves to emphasize the difficulties in diagnosis related to the confusing
      coexistence of the two entities and to discuss the role of catecholamines in the
      growth of brown adipose tissue under normal and pathological circumstances.

PMID- 1219610
TI  - [The role of surgery in the treatment of sciatica. An experience of more than
      4000 operations].
AB  - Sciatica must always be first considered as a medical problem. Operation is
      indicated only for refractory cases. Analysis of more than 4 036 operations shows
      the best indications for surgery. These consist of typical disc sciatica,
      sciatica with excessive pain, with paralysis and with cauda equina syndrome.
      Myeloradiculography was not carried out routinely, being reserved for atypical
      forms. A negative radiculography is not necessarily a contraindication. The
      results of foraminotomy are less constant than after removal of a disc prolapse.
      It benefits 60 p. cent of patients, however. Some reserve applies to its use
      since it is not possible to predict those patients who will be relieved. There
      exist finally those cases in which the organic origin of the pain cannot be
      proved, at which time the surgeon should refuse operation which may be an
      aggravating factor.

PMID- 1219611
TI  - [A simple approach to the testis and its adnexa].

PMID- 1219612
TI  - [Another subperitoneal approach to the lumbar sympathetic chain].

PMID- 1219613
TI  - [Letter: Gangrene in the course of Horton's disease].

PMID- 1219614
TI  - [Letter: Association of periodic disease and ankylosing spondylitis].

PMID- 1219615
TI  - [Letter: Assessment of the degree of hepatocellular insufficiency in cirrhotic
      patients. Combination of 5 routine biological tests: statistical study using the
      dynamic clusters method].

PMID- 1219616
TI  - [Letter: Moderate erythrocytosis at the initial stage of viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1219617
TI  - [Letter: Peroperative detection of kidney calculi using ultrasonics].

PMID- 1219618
TI  - [Editiorial: New frontiers in drug therapy of cancer].

PMID- 1219619
TI  - [Osteomalacy induced by anticonvulsants. One case with a study of vitamin D
      metabolism].
AB  - A case of osteomalacia, with no cause apart from the ingestion of anti
      convulsants, is reported. As was shown by a study with tritium labelled vitamin
      D, the metabolism of the latter was accelerated in this case in comparison with
      deficiency type osteomalacia. This lends support to the hypothesis that anti
      convulsant medications, acting via a hepatic enzyme induction process, cause
      increased transformation of vitamin D into inactive metabolites, thus explaining
      a certain deficiency in vitamin D in treated epileptics, a deficiency state which
      requires treatment.

PMID- 1219620
TI  - [Inappropriate antidiuresis after acute colchicine poisoning. 2 cases].
AB  - Transient episodes of the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuresis developped in
      two severe colchicine poisonings. These are the first cases reported. On patient
      also developped a reversible periphal neuropathy. The similarity of such
      accidents with vicristine neuro-toxicity is emphasized.

PMID- 1219621
TI  - [Biliary microlithiasis. Medico-radiological observations].

PMID- 1219622
TI  - [Letter: Pearl necklace arteries].

PMID- 1219623
TI  - [Letter: Mesenchymatous tumor associated with vitamin-resistant osteomalacia].

PMID- 1219625
TI  - [Letter: Semeiological value of systolic murmurs caused by intracavitary
      stimulation].

PMID- 1219624
TI  - [Letter: Level of skin sterol in atheroma].

PMID- 1219626
TI  - [Letter: Scintigraphic localization of a pheochromocytoma using 131 iodine
      labelled monoiodotyrosine].

PMID- 1219627
TI  - [Letter: Urticaria explained by an abnormal hemoglobin].

PMID- 1219628
TI  - [Pharmacology of acebutolol in animals].
AB  - In the course of routine screening of beta-adrenoceptor blocking compounds, it
      was found that a number of compounds did not block the vascular and cardiac
      effects of isoprenaline in proportion. Moreover, it was also found that the anti
      arrhythmic action was not wholly related to the beta-adrenoceptor blocking
      potency. In particular, the anti-ouabain arrhythmia properties were not dependent
      upon beta-blocking potency. It was, therefore, possible to select a compound
      which had both cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking and anti-ouabain
      arrhythmic activities. The chosen compound was acebutolol. Acebutolol is a
      cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent which has marked anti-arrhythmic
      against arrhythmia induced by methylchloroform and adrenalin in the cat, and also
      arrhythmia induced by ouabain in dogs and rabbits. It has less pronounced
      membrane stabilising properties than propranolol and has no demonstrable
      sympathomimetic action in normal anaesthetised cats or dogs. Bronchial beta
      adrenoceptor blockade has been investigated in anaesthetised cats in which
      bronchoconstriction is evoked by PGF2 alpha. Isoprenaline prevents the effect of
      PGF2 alpha and this is restored by pre-treatment with propranolol. Acebutolol is
      100 times less active than propranolol in these experiments.

PMID- 1219629
TI  - [Study of acebutolol dialysis and pharmacokinetic data in patients with renal
      insufficiency undergoing hemodialysis].
AB  - The dialysance of acebutolol, in vitro, has been found to be equal to 87 ml/mn
      for a blood flow of 200 ml/mn through an artificial kidney; at the same flow
      rate, that of urea is 136 ml/mn. In subjects with normal renal function, half
      life of acebutolol in plasma, after oral administration, is 4.4 +/- 0.6 h; in
      haemodialysed patients with renal failure, it is very increased; during
      haemodialysis, it is near normal (mean: 5.9 h in 4 subjects). Authors discuss the
      meaning of acebutolol dialysance, in vivo, considering a possible protein binding
      of this drug.

PMID- 1219630
TI  - [Effects of acebutolol on the renin-aldosterone system in essential arterial
      hypertension].
AB  - Acebutolol, a new cardioselective beta-blocking agent, has been given for 5 days,
      at a daily dosage of 600 mg to 8 patients with mild essential hypertension.
      Plasma Renin Activity (PRA), Plasma aldosterone (PA), Aldosterone Metabolic
      Clearance Rate (AMCR), Aldosterone Secretion Rate (ASR) have been compared before
      and after treatment. Whatever is the daily sodium intake, acebutolol decreases
      PRA and does not change AMCR. Under a normal sodium diet, PA and ASR are
      unchanged, in spite of the fall in PRA. On the contrary, under a sodium free
      diet, the decrease in PRA is accompanied by a decrease in PA and ASR.

PMID- 1219631
TI  - [Hemodynamic effects of the intravenous form of acebutolol].
AB  - Acetubolol was administered intravenously to 11 patients with various heart
      disorders, without any adverse effects. The bradycardic effect of this compound
      is slight. It did not change the auriculo-ventricular conduction in 10 patients
      with sinus rhythm. The effect of acebutolol on myocardial efficacy is slight or
      absent in controls. At the doses studied, it did not alter systolic arterial
      pressure. Furthermore, the effect on the myocardial contractility is slight (-10
      p.cent, mean). The important point noted is that the drug does not increase the
      pressure in ventricular filling, the first sign usually of left ventricular
      insufficiency caused by most other drugs of this pharmacological type.

PMID- 1219632
TI  - [Study of the action of acebutolol on the parameters of cardiac contraction
      measured by ultrasonic echography].
AB  - Recording by means of echography the motions of the posterior wall of the left
      ventricle makes it possible to compare in subjects acting as their own controls
      the amplitude of the movement, contraction and decontraction time of the
      myocardium before and after medication. This report concerns the variations
      recorded in 10 healthy patients before and after oral administration of 200
      mg/day of acebutolol for 10 days. A statistically significant decrease of 8-9
      p.cent of the various parameters was found. It probably reflects the negative
      inotropic action exerted by the drug.

PMID- 1219634
TI  - [Study of clinical pharmacology of acebutolol in 5 asthmatic patients].
AB  - Respiratory function (V.E.M.S.-C.V.) and cardiovascular function (pulse and blood
      pressure) were studied in 5 asthmatic patients who were given isoprenaline
      aerosols after I.V. injection of normal saline solution (in the first step) and
      acebutolol (in the second step). The respiratory function is not disturbed by
      acebutolol. On the other hand, the cardio-accelerating effect of isoprenaline was
      not neutralized by acebutolol during these two assays, but significantly reduced.

PMID- 1219633
TI  - [Changes in renal function in the hours following an intravenous injection of
      acebutolol].
AB  - A study was carried out, of the changes of renal functional value and of urinary
      electrolytes excretion after rapid intravenous injection of acebutolol in twelve
      subjects with various glomerular filtration. Renal functional value was estimated
      by measuring inuline. P.A.H., urea and creatinin clearances during a control
      period of thirty minutes and during the four hours following administration of
      acebutolol. The variations in the excretion of electrolytes: chloride, sodium,
      potassium, calcium and phosphorus were measured during the same periods. The
      following results were obtained: in subjects with normal renal functional value,
      administration of acetubolol brings about: a variation which is under 20 p.cent
      of glomerular filtration and P.A.H. clearance; a 50 p.cent average decrease of
      natriuresis. in cases of renal insufficiency: clearances of inuline and P.A.H.
      are unchanged. There is a 20 p.cent average decrease of natriuresis. There is a
      decrease of urinary output (35-45 p.cent) and of urea clearance (20-50 p.cent).

PMID- 1219636
TI  - [Acebutolol in arterial hypertension. Conclusions].

PMID- 1219635
TI  - [Treatment of arterial hypertension with acebutolol. Double-blind study with
      placebos].
AB  - Acebutolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker, was studied at doses of 600 to 800 mg
      in a double-blind trial against placebo in 33 patients with essential
      hypertension. A moderate reduction in the arterial pressure was seen with
      placebo, but the pressure was greatly reduced by treatment with acebutolol (p
      less than 0,01). The heart rate was unchanged after placebo and was reduced by
      about 10 p.cent by acebutolol. Similarly plasma renin activity, in both lying and
      standing subjects, was not changed by the placebo, but it was greatly reduced by
      acebutolol. In the 33 patients studied, the arterial pressure returned to normal
      in 13 cases (39 p.cent), an improvement was obtained in 12 cases (36 p.cent) but
      in 8 cases (24 p.cent) the hypertension was not modified by acebutolol. The
      tolerance to acebutolol was excellent in all cases. No relationship was found
      between the hypotensive effect of acebutolol and the heart rate or its
      augmentation induced by orthostatism nor with the levels of plasma renin
      activity.

PMID- 1219637
TI  - [Microclimate conditions in the steering cabins of locomotives. I. Winter
      period].

PMID- 1219638
TI  - [Microclimate conditions in the steering cabins of locomotives. II. Summer
      period].

PMID- 1219639
TI  - [Transplacentar passage of lead. Experimental research on samples of the Florence
      population].

PMID- 1219640
TI  - [Considerations on the immunology of bilharziasis due to Schistosoma mansoni.
      II].

PMID- 1219641
TI  - [Cytotoxic activity of direct antibodies against various structural components of
      the cytoplasm membrane].

PMID- 1219642
TI  - [Complement fixation using the micromethod in the diagnosis of visceral
      leishmaniasis].

PMID- 1219644
TI  - [Research on the algal microflora in relation to the condition of eutrophication
      and pollution of the waters of the Arno River in the District of Florence].

PMID- 1219643
TI  - [Antitetanic vaccination].

PMID- 1219646
TI  - [Noise in the steering cabins of the locomotives].

PMID- 1219645
TI  - [Preliminary research on the algal ecology of activated sludges in relationship
      to the process of tertiary treatment for active algae].

PMID- 1219647
TI  - [Study on the vibration of the steering cabins in locomotives].

PMID- 1219648
TI  - [Experimental studies on the culture media used for isolation of enterococci from
      waters].

PMID- 1219649
TI  - [Slow tibial fractures in children].

PMID- 1219650
TI  - [Clinical manifestations and radiological symptomatology of odontomas].

PMID- 1219651
TI  - [Percutaneous lung biopsy: indications, technic and clinical value].

PMID- 1219652
TI  - [Diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies in the lower respiratory tract in
      children].

PMID- 1219653
TI  - [Pulmonary changes in Hodgkin's disease in children].

PMID- 1219654
TI  - Pulmonary vessels in non-tuberculous lung diseases in children.

PMID- 1219655
TI  - [Comparative studies of early radiation-induced pulmonary changes following x-ray
      therapy and telegammatherapy of mediastinal tumors with Co-60].

PMID- 1219656
TI  - [Value of renal phlebography in the silent kidney].

PMID- 1219658
TI  - [Effectiveness of scar irradiation following radical mastectomy in patients with
      breast cancer].

PMID- 1219657
TI  - [Use of intrathyroid lymphography in the differential diagnosis of tumors of the
      neck and upper mediastinum].

PMID- 1219659
TI  - [Radiotherapy of basal cell carcinoma of the skin at the Provincial Oncological
      Hospital in Poznan in the years 1953-1959].

PMID- 1219660
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties in congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary
      tuberculosis in an 8-year-old boy with hemiplegia and polyarthritis].

PMID- 1219661
TI  - [Mitral incompetence as a complication of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1219662
TI  - [Schering's Urovison infusion in radiographic diagnosis of urinary tract
      diseases].

PMID- 1219663
TI  - Behavioural and biochemical effects of fenfluramine in patients with neurologic
      disease.

PMID- 1219664
TI  - The effect of fenfluramine on insulin binding and on basal and insulin-stimulated
      oxidation of 1-14C-glucose by human adipose tissue.

PMID- 1219665
TI  - The effects of fenfluramine and 780SE on fat absorption.

PMID- 1219666
TI  - Effect of fenfluramine on steady state plasma levels of amitriptyline.

PMID- 1219667
TI  - A study of the energy and biochemical status of obese and non-obese students
      treated with 780SE.

PMID- 1219668
TI  - The effect of dietary restriction and anorectic drugs on linear growth velocity
      in childhood obesity.

PMID- 1219669
TI  - Hormonal and metabolic studies of the action of fenfluramine in normal man,
      obesity, acromegaly and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1219670
TI  - The action of fenfluramine in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1219671
TI  - A six month study of a carbohydrate restricted diet in the management of maturity
      onset diabetes and an evaluation of fenfluramine in patients unresponsive to this
      diet.

PMID- 1219673
TI  - Assessment of new formulation of fenfluramine in the management of the obese,
      diabetic African.

PMID- 1219674
TI  - 780SE in the management of disorders of lipid and glucose metabolism.

PMID- 1219672
TI  - A trial of fenfluramine (PACaps) and diet in overweight diabetic patients.

PMID- 1219675
TI  - Fenfluramine withdrawal and epilepsy.

PMID- 1219676
TI  - The use of fenfluramine in patients undergoing therapeutic starvation.

PMID- 1219677
TI  - The non-medical misuse of fenfluramine by drug-dependent young South Africans.

PMID- 1219678
TI  - On the in vivo and in vitro actions of fenfluramine and its derivatives on
      central monoamine neurons, especially 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons, and their
      relation to the anorectic activity of fenfluramine.

PMID- 1219679
TI  - Hypothalamic lesions and drug-induced anorexia.

PMID- 1219680
TI  - Comparisons between the behavioural and anorexic effects of 780SE and other
      phenylethylamines in the rat.

PMID- 1219681
TI  - Some effects of fenfluramine and its derivatives on the central catecholaminergic
      systems of mice.

PMID- 1219682
TI  - The effects of fenfluramine and 780SE on stimulated acid secretions of the
      stomach of dog in vivo.

PMID- 1219683
TI  - Fenfluramine and norfenfluramine on glucose uptake into skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1219684
TI  - Fenfluramine and 780SE in experimental alcoholism in rats.

PMID- 1219686
TI  - DNA synthesis in adipose tissue.

PMID- 1219685
TI  - Effect of fenfluramine on certain enzymes and on skin and amniotic cells in
      tissue culture.

PMID- 1219687
TI  - The effect of fenfluramine and its derivatives on triglyceride secretion by the
      liver of the rabbit.

PMID- 1219688
TI  - Pharmacological effects of 780SE (992) on hyperlipidaemic and obese rats.

PMID- 1219689
TI  - [Tuberculin testing of adults; a comparison between a modified patch test and
      intracutaneous tuberculin tests (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219691
TI  - [Results of mass radiography in Lower Saxony (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219690
TI  - [Toxic eye lesions caused by ethambutol (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219692
TI  - [Acquired (secondary) lung cysts (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219693
TI  - [Anomalies of the tracheo-bronchial tree (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219694
TI  - [Examination of the bronchial secretion for eosinophiles (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219695
TI  - [Tracheal stenosis and function (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219696
TI  - [Absorption of D-xylose in intestinal parasitic diseases].
AB  - In order to investigate the intestinal absorption in relation to parasitic
      diseases, 106 children were studied using the xylose test. All of them were
      attending a primary school. The height and weight were recorded, and the
      hemoblobin and hematocrit were estimated in each one. The examination of the
      stools shown one or more parasites in 57.6 per cent specimens. The E.
      histolytica, Hymenolepis nana and A. lumbricoides, were identified in 22.6, 21.7
      and 20.7 per cent children, respectively; G lamblia was found in 10.4 per cent.
      Only the children with Giardia had a statistical difference in the absorption of
      xylose, with respect to those without parasites. At the same time height was low
      in comparison to a group of children with similar age and sex, selected among the
      45 without parasitic diseases. Findings are discussed according to the pathogenic
      mechanism involved in giardiasis. Emphasis is done in the interplay of
      malnutrition and G. lamblia.

PMID- 1219697
TI  - [Use of amniotic membranes as biological dressings. Preliminary report].
AB  - The authors compared the results obtained with the use of amniotic membranes as
      biological dressings in the treatment of 15 patients with skin loose of different
      etiology and that obtained with the conventional therapy. The associated benefits
      obtained with this treatment were lessen of the pain, low incidence of
      infections, early cicatrization of the wounds and shortening of the hospital
      time. The primary observations permit a wide investigation about the therapeutic
      usefulness of this kind of biological dressings.

PMID- 1219698
TI  - [Splenogammography with Anger's camera].
AB  - Through 230 consecutive studies, 180 from patients and 50 from healthy persons,
      we obtain simultaneous figures of the spleen and the liver. The best position to
      obtain better scintigraphies of the spleen was the posterior left oblique. The
      normal dimensions of the spleen image was 11.1 mm. +/- 1.2 mm. (1 sigma) long
      diameter, and 6.9 mm. +/- 1.1 mm (1 sigma) broad diameter. In a great number of
      patients we found an enlargement of the spleen in the scintigraphic image without
      clinical demonstration. The study is easy, rapid and without troubles for
      patients; moreover it afford an important knowledge in the study of the spleen
      and the liver in simultaneous form.

PMID- 1219699
TI  - [Hypophyseal gammography in man. Preliminary report].
AB  - Two normal individuals (healthy volunteer) and one patient with pituitary adenoma
      were evaluated with estrogenic complex 131-I for pituitary scan. All of them
      receive 400 muCi of the radionuclide orally. The study was performed 24 hs. after
      the ingestion of the drug. The results obtained with this method were so
      encouraging: one side, any toxic reaction was detected through a period of three
      months, clinical nor laboratory; other side, we visualized directly and in an no
      invasive form, the pituitary gland with only one dose of the drug administered
      orally. It is necessary more investigation for a good evaluation of this.

PMID- 1219700
TI  - [Biological treatment of psychoses].
AB  - The role of the therapeutic posibilities as "psycopharmacologic revolution" agree
      us to understand the great importance that the psychiatry has in the general
      practice, five years far from the begining of its scientific era. Inspired in
      Deniker the author of this paper make a classification of psycotrope drugs and in
      base of it he review some important topics of psychopharmacology.

PMID- 1219701
TI  - [Bay B 5097 (solution) in tinea pedis].

PMID- 1219702
TI  - [Benzydamine poisoning (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219703
TI  - [Value of lipid lowering drugs after myocardial infarction: results of the
      coronary drug project 1975 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219704
TI  - [Report on Lupidon H and G, a Herpes simplex vaccine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219705
TI  - [Acceleration of the healing process in ulcus cruris by pressure wave therapy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219706
TI  - [Pathophysiological aspects of the venous system of the leg as a consequence of
      anatomical and physiological peculairities (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219708
TI  - [Investigation of the driving ability of people over 75 years of age (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1219707
TI  - [Clinical study with suppositories doxiproct and doxiproct plus in the treatment
      of hemorrhoids (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219709
TI  - [Nitro-monobeltin in cardiological therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219710
TI  - [Clinical prescription of botropase, an antihaemorrhagic drug (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219713
TI  - [To be ill and care of patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219712
TI  - [Editorial: The recognition of masked depressions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219711
TI  - [Gaseous sterilizers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219714
TI  - [D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219715
TI  - [Functional and structural changes in cells of the erythroid series and in
      thrombocytes in patients with leukemia].

PMID- 1219716
TI  - [Some indices of the proliferative activity of blast cells of the bone marrow in
      patients with acute leukemia in various periods of the disease].

PMID- 1219717
TI  - [Significance of the synchronization of the leukemic cell population in the
      therapy of patients with acute leukemia].

PMID- 1219718
TI  - [Evaluation of the granulocyte reserve by means of the pyrogenal test in the
      period of the development of occurrences of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 1219719
TI  - [Significance of the determination of the activity of leukocytes enzymes in the
      prognosis of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 1219720
TI  - [Changes in the cholinergic activity of the blood in patients with paroxysmal
      nocturnal hemoglobinuria].

PMID- 1219721
TI  - [Submicroscopic identification of assumed hematopoietic stem cells (electron
      microscopic study of bone marrow cells with increased colony-forming capacity
      following the administration of oxyurea to mice].

PMID- 1219722
TI  - [Mitogenic factor of human leukocytes induced by phytohemagglutinin].

PMID- 1219723
TI  - [Splenectomy in patients with myelofibrosis].

PMID- 1219724
TI  - [Cytoenzymochemical study of the granulocytes of the peripheral blood in acute
      poisoning with sodium bichromate].

PMID- 1219725
TI  - [Determination of the proportion of dividing cells in the leukemic population in
      acute leukemia].

PMID- 1219726
TI  - [Transfusions of defrosted autologous blood during surgery in pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1219727
TI  - [Change of immunohematologic indicators of blood in patients operated on under
      conditions of artificial circulation with the use of defrosted erythrocytes].

PMID- 1219728
TI  - [Search for effective protective solutions for cryopreservation of thrombocytes].

PMID- 1219729
TI  - [Antihemophilic activity of plasma preserved under conditions of freezing].

PMID- 1219730
TI  - [Testing of the effectiveness of regimens with continuous rate of cooling for
      freezing of human granulocytes].

PMID- 1219731
TI  - [Correlation of the rate of cooling with the protective medium in search of
      optimal regimens of granulocyte freezing].

PMID- 1219732
TI  - [Differentiation and maturation of the stem cells of preserved bone marrow].

PMID- 1219733
TI  - [Use of combined cryophylactic solution for refrigeration of bone marrow cells].

PMID- 1219734
TI  - [Theoretical and practical aspects of the problem of preservation of defrosted
      erythrocytes under conditions of positive temperatures].

PMID- 1219735
TI  - [Rheologic characteristics of blood and erythrocytic suspensions].

PMID- 1219736
TI  - [Study of the characteristics of erythropoiesis with the aid of radioactive
      isotopes (Fe59 and Cr51) in patients with myelofibrosis and osteomyeloscerosis].

PMID- 1219737
TI  - [Quantitative estimation of erythropoiesis in lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1219738
TI  - [RNA and DNA synthesis in the lymphocytes during their short-term cultivation].

PMID- 1219739
TI  - [Potentiation of the process of freezing of erythrocytes].

PMID- 1219740
TI  - [Certain ways of rational utilization of the globular mass of donor blood in
      clinical practice].

PMID- 1219741
TI  - [Study of the properties of erythrocytes frozen with the high concentration of
      glycerin at moderately low temperatures and their clinical application].

PMID- 1219742
TI  - Applications of computers in treatment planning.

PMID- 1219743
TI  - Planning in radiotherapy departments: techniques and problems-general aspects.

PMID- 1219744
TI  - Hand-Schuller-Christian disease of scalp and vulva.

PMID- 1219745
TI  - Jaundice associated with anaesthesia. A medicolegal view.

PMID- 1219746
TI  - Diagnosis of halothane-related hepatitis.

PMID- 1219747
TI  - Effects of pentazocine on cardiac function.

PMID- 1219748
TI  - Proceedings: Some factors influencing the absorption of diazepam.

PMID- 1219749
TI  - Effect of oxygen insufflation during one-lung anaesthesia.

PMID- 1219750
TI  - Management of metastatic renal carcinoma. Surgical aspects.

PMID- 1219751
TI  - Carcinoma of the penis. External radiation mould technique.

PMID- 1219752
TI  - Carcinoma of the penis. Surgical treatment.

PMID- 1219753
TI  - Carcinoma of the penis. Partial amputation of the penis.

PMID- 1219754
TI  - Treatment of breast cancer: doctor/patient communication and psychosocial
      implications.

PMID- 1219755
TI  - Married mentally handicapped patients in the community.

PMID- 1219756
TI  - HL-A and its association with clinical disease. HL-A associations in clinical
      research.

PMID- 1219757
TI  - Drug-aggravated sinoatrial block.

PMID- 1219759
TI  - Severe hypertension of renal ischaemic origin.

PMID- 1219758
TI  - Coincident hypothyroidism and Addison's disease in a 19-year-old girl.

PMID- 1219760
TI  - Aural problems in the armed services. The aural problems of divers.

PMID- 1219761
TI  - Aural problems in the armed services: otitic barotrauma and related conditions.

PMID- 1219762
TI  - [Emulsions and water-surfactant-oil diagrams. A system of water-Brijs 92 and 96
      oil of vaseline. Effect of surfactant hydrophilicity].

PMID- 1219763
TI  - [A technique for the simplified study of powder dispersion resolved by
      compression].

PMID- 1219764
TI  - Spectrophotometric method for estimation of carbachol in eye drops in presence of
      its degradation products.

PMID- 1219765
TI  - Antimicrobial activity of some alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones.

PMID- 1219766
TI  - [Methods for determination of wett ability and their possible use in
      pharmaceutical technology].

PMID- 1219767
TI  - [Gluco- and xylopyranosides of 3-phenyl-4-methyl-(1,2,4)-triazoline- 5-thiones
      and 3-phenyl-(1,3,4)-thiadiazoline-5-thiones].

PMID- 1219768
TI  - [The aminomethylation of isobutyraldehyde with free primary amines in homogenous
      and heterogenous media. II. Mannich bases].

PMID- 1219769
TI  - [The preparation of some acylaminocarboxylic acid anilides of the indazole
      series].

PMID- 1219770
TI  - [Polymorphism, particle size and blood level of carbamazepine].

PMID- 1219771
TI  - [The problem of plastic containers for liquid drug preparations. 17. Photometric
      determination of oxygen permeability with indigo carmine].

PMID- 1219772
TI  - [The manufacture and testing of matrix tablets with a silicone resin base].

PMID- 1219773
TI  - [The liberation of drugs from suspension ointments. 7. In vitro release of
      prednisolone from various ointment bases].

PMID- 1219774
TI  - [The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 14C- pimozide in the rat].

PMID- 1219775
TI  - [Metabolism and biotransformation of 2-(3'-N-piperidinopropyl) - benzylphenl
      ethers].

PMID- 1219776
TI  - [The physiology and biochemistry of streptomycetes. 1. Isolation, identification
      and investigations of microbial synthesis of stereoisomers in the paromomycin
      complex].

PMID- 1219777
TI  - [The occurrence of flavonoids and tannins in the leaves of some African acacia
      species].

PMID- 1219778
TI  - The effect of CMH on growth, volatile oil, and carbohydrate content on Majorana
      hortensis Mnch. prior and after cutting.

PMID- 1219779
TI  - Colorimetric-thin-layer-chromatographic estimation of noramidopyrine
      methansulfonate sodium in dosage forms.

PMID- 1219780
TI  - Colorimetric estimation of nitrazepam and metabolites in formulations and in
      blood and urine samples.

PMID- 1219781
TI  - Synthesis of isoflavones substituted in ring B by the oxidative rearrangement of
      2'-hydroxychalcones with thallium (III) nitrate.

PMID- 1219782
TI  - Furocoumarins. Part 2: Esters and ethers with expected pharmacological activity.

PMID- 1219783
TI  - [A the activation of solids, which in drugs is an important and heretofore
      neglected phenomenon].

PMID- 1219784
TI  - [The use of asbestos filter beds in the production of sterile and pyrogen free
      solutions].

PMID- 1219785
TI  - [Acridone alkaloids as constituents in the roots of Boenninghausenia albiflora
      Reichb].

PMID- 1219786
TI  - Mitodepressive effect of some N-substituted phthalimides on Lepidium sativum .

PMID- 1219787
TI  - [The biotransformation of 1-substituted hydrocotarnine derivatives].

PMID- 1219788
TI  - [The steroid-alkaloid and sapogenin content of Solanum torvum].

PMID- 1219790
TI  - [Simplex method for empirical optimization and its use in the solving of problems
      in pharmaceutical analysis].

PMID- 1219789
TI  - [The effect of high energy radiation on a polyethyleneglycol- water-system].

PMID- 1219791
TI  - [The synthesis and biological activity of some structural analogs of carbon and
      silicon compounds].

PMID- 1219792
TI  - Synthesis of morpholinobiguanide derivatives.
AB  - Several new morpholinobiguanide derivatives were synthesized to be tested as
      hypoglycemic agents, by condensing morpholinobiguanide with alkyl or aryl
      isocyanate and isothiocyanate, and with dialkylaminoalkyl chloride. The
      carbamate, prepared from morpholinobiguanide and ethyl chloroformate, was
      condensed with different aryl amines and certain sulpha drugs. Most of the
      prepared compounds are easily soluble in water and preliminary examinations as
      hypoglycemics show promising results.

PMID- 1219793
TI  - [Analytical and biochemistry of aza analogs or methaqualone. 5. Pharmacokinetics
      of 2-methyl-3-[4'-chlorophenyl]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine].

PMID- 1219794
TI  - Effect of hashish on brain gamma aminobutyric acid system, blood fibrinolytic
      activity and glucose and some serum enzymes in the rat.
AB  - Adult male rats were exposed to Hashish smoke for 15 min. Certain biochemical
      parameters were determined. This treatment did not change the brain glutamic acid
      level, whereas it significantly decreased brain gamma aminobutyric acid level.
      There was a significant increase in the activity of the brain enzyme forming
      gamma aminobutyric acid, namely glutamate decarboxylase, as well as in that
      enzyme metabolizing gamma aminobutyric acid, namely aminobutyrate
      aminotransferase. However, the increase was much more marked in the case of
      aminobutyrate aminotransferase, a finding that might explain the decrease
      observed in brain gamma aminobutyric acid upon exposure to Hashish. Blood glucose
      and fibrinolytic activity were significantly increased. It was concluded that
      these changes might be due to an adrenaline releasing effect of Hashish smoke
      inhalation. Serum lactate dehydrogenase and serum glutamate oxalacetate
      transaminase activities were significantly increased, whereas serum glutamate
      pyruvate transaminase activity was unaffected. From these data it was suggested
      that the source of leakage of these enzyme activities into the blood is probably
      the skeletal muscles rather than the liver.

PMID- 1219795
TI  - [Composition of film coatings for tablets. 1. Effect of nonionic surface-active
      agents on the properties of films].

PMID- 1219796
TI  - [Effects of compression pressure, drug particle size, drug form and test medium
      on the release of active ingredients from matrix tablets of a silicon base].

PMID- 1219797
TI  - Physicochemical study of drug binary systems. Part 3: Tolbutamide-urea and
      tolbutamide-mannitol systems.
AB  - The phase diagram of the tolbutamide-urea system, constructed by data obtained
      from the microheating table apparatus, was a peritectic type. It showed the
      possibility of the formation of two molecular compounds with incongruent m. p. at
      112 degrees C and 123 degrees C. Metastable and stable eutectic points were
      observed at 63 degrees C and 92 degrees C respectively. The phase diagram of
      tolbutamide-mannitol system revealed that in addition to eutectic liquefaction at
      102 degrees C and 6% (w/w) mannitol, there was a region [40--80% (w/w) mannitol]
      in which the two components were not completely miscible in the liquid state.
      Solubility studies showed an increase of about 2.5 fold in the solubility of
      tolbutamide with 0.5 g% urea and suggested the possibility of the formation of a
      low-solubility complex in addition to a soluble higher complex of the two
      components. No obvious increase in the solubility of tolbutamide was detected in
      the presence of mannitol. A full description of the nature and composition of the
      final solidified melts of the two present systems could prove to be helpful in
      the explanation of the dissolution behaviour of the different studied samples and
      their corresponding physical mixtures. The fused 90% urea and mannitol solid
      dispersions showed a fast rate of dissolution in the order of 15 and 10 times
      (respectively) greater than pure tolbutamide.

PMID- 1219798
TI  - [Investigations of the isothiocyanates erysolin and sulforaphan of Cardaria draba
      L].

PMID- 1219799
TI  - [The physiology and biochemistry of streptomycetes. 2. Chemical decomposition and
      isolation of paromomycin decomposition products].

PMID- 1219800
TI  - [Addition of chlorothiocyanate, dithiocyanate and iodothiocyanate to substituted
      chalcones].

PMID- 1219801
TI  - [Preparation of substitution 5-amino-3-mercaptopyrazoles. 8. Syntheses with 1,3
      dithietanes].

PMID- 1219802
TI  - [Reactions of 3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-5,6-benz-1,3-oxazine with
      hydrazine. Preparation of 4-methyl-3-[2-hydroxyphenyl]-1,2,4-triazolin-5-one].

PMID- 1219803
TI  - [The structure of commercial lactoses].

PMID- 1219804
TI  - [A quantitative structure-activity analysis based on quantum statistical
      derivations].

PMID- 1219805
TI  - [The biotransformation of trapidil (Rocornal)].

PMID- 1219806
TI  - [Isolation of iso-orientin from Astrantia major L. 24. The constituents of
      Saniculoideae].

PMID- 1219807
TI  - Community care.

PMID- 1219808
TI  - The clinical aspects of drug abuse and the law.

PMID- 1219809
TI  - Treatment for polio contractures in Ethiopia.

PMID- 1219810
TI  - Inflatable splint for the hemiplegic arm.

PMID- 1219811
TI  - [Results of nuclear medical, electroencephalographic, and angiographic
      examinations after brain tumor operations].
AB  - The methods of nuclear medicine and electro-encephalography allow, in
      combination, in almost every case the answer to the question of the cerebral
      tumour relapse. Our evaluation confirms the discovery of the greater sensitivity
      of the isotopic methods with relapses of glioblastomas, while relapses of
      meningiomas, astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and spongioblastomas can be
      recognized more frequently only by electro-encephalographic methods. The value of
      angiography is limited in cases of cerebral tumour relapses without pathological
      vascularisation, since the swelling can spread in the resection cavity without
      retroaction on the surrounding areas. For this reason vascular displacement (an
      only be observed very late on. Clinical judgement is furthermore complicated by
      the fact that after the removal of the primary tumour, often no reposition of the
      arteries ensues. After our exainations, a negative angiographic condition can be
      rule out a diagnosis of a relapse which has been established by electro
      encephaolographic and isotopic methods.

PMID- 1219812
TI  - [Schizophrenia and neuro-endocrine functional disorders--a case study on the
      problem of paranoid psychosis].
AB  - Schizophrenia and neuro-endocrine functional defects - a case report concerning
      the problem of paranoid psychosis: The case of a female patient with paranoic
      psychosis and endocrine defects has been reported. Under the present
      pathophysiological concepts the possibility of a combination of schizophrenic and
      neuro-endocrine symptomatic is suggested. The results of more recent
      investigations are discussed in respect of organic origin of schizophrenia that
      is based on potential reduction in the region of the limbic-hypothalamic nervous
      system.

PMID- 1219813
TI  - [Chronic lymphocytic meningitis with polytopic involvement of the nervous system
      (after tick bite?)].
AB  - After an introductory description of the terminology, the individual experiences
      of 65 patients with chronic lymphocytic radicular myelo-meningitis after tick
      bite are  reported with reference to the literature. The finding of the
      cerebrospinal fluid in the lymphoplasmocytic meningitis together with radicular
      and regional pains, and a one-or two-sided peripheral facial nerve paresis
      represents the nucleus syndrome of the illness, which usually progresses as
      meningopolyneuritis. The pathogen, probably a virus, could not yet be isolated.
      The treatment is purely symptomatical with corticosteroids and antibiotics. Quoad
      vitam, the prognosis is invariably favourable, residues are frequent.

PMID- 1219814
TI  - [Clinical and pathol-anatomic findings in corpus callosum deficiency, enlarged
      cavum septi pellucidi, and septal defect].
AB  - A comparison is made of the pathological changes of the median line structures
      such as corpus deficiency, enlarged cavum septi pellucidi (Csp.) and septal
      defects in 10,457 pneumo-encephalography (PEG) examinations of neurological and
      psychiatric patients, and in 11,016 general autopsy cases. Clinical peculiarities
      in corpus deficiency and other development anomalies of the median line
      structures are discussed along with case reports. A predominance of the male sex
      in cases of enlarged Csp. together with frequent combinations with neurological
      and psychiatric illness were noticeable, particularly oligophrenia, behavioral
      disorders, epilepsy and cerebral tumours. Thus, certain inferiority of the
      dysrhaphic mutation of the central organ can be assumed.

PMID- 1219815
TI  - [The female sexual delinquent].
AB  - Among 371 adult sexual delinquents, there were only 14 women. From a total of 16
      female sexual delinquents, 9 were feeble-minded, 4 mentally disabled, 3 were
      physically disabled, and almost all were uneducated and solitary people. The
      personality was distinguished by emotional disturbances, unsteadiness,
      impulsiveness, and often anti-social behaviour. Only in the cases of incest
      between brother and sister were cases of inhibited female character discovered.
      Among others, 3 cases of sexual crimes against children, and one case of probable
      fetishism are presented. Traditional moral inhibitions, passivity and an
      extensive lack of aggressiveness in the sexual behavior of woman, together with a
      stronger mental link between eroticism and sexuality than with the male, are seen
      as the main causes for the low figure of female sexual delinquents.

PMID- 1219816
TI  - [Determination of F-wave conductivity in the normal N. ulnaris].
AB  - The methodical procedure for the determination of the F-wave conductivity in the
      ulnar nerve (in total - conductivity, afferent, conduction frequency forearm,
      afferent-efferent in the proximal segment of the peripheral motor neuron) and the
      results of a hundred examinations are presented. The results are compared with
      the motor nerve conduction velocity. No influences of sex, age or the site of
      lead could be discovered.

PMID- 1219817
TI  - Acute non-traumatic transverse syndrome from a neurosurgical standpoint.
AB  - With a seventh of 233 neuro-surgical patients operated on in the area of the
      spinal canal, an acute or sub-acute transverse syndrome had become manifest
      before operation. The analysis of these cases shows that 2 out of 12 cervical,
      and 12 out of 100 lumbar cases of dislocation of the disk cause an acute or sub
      acute transverse lesion of the cord with paraplegia. In 56 cases of intradural
      extra-medullary tumours, no acute development was observed. However, this was
      seen in 55% of the extra-dural tumour growths. The role of a vasal component in
      the event of speedy development of the transverse symptomatology in such cases is
      mentioned.

PMID- 1219818
TI  - [Factors having an influence on conflict oriented motivation for psychotherapy in
      a clinical setting (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219819
TI  - [Psychotherapy - this side of freedom and dignity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219820
TI  - [The theme of death and the origin and course of obsessional neuroses (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1219822
TI  - [The psycho-analytic doctor-patient relationship as a tool for adaptation or
      emancipation of the individual (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219821
TI  - [Psychodynamics of fear ("angst") (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219823
TI  - [The therapeutic session report (TSR) as an instrument of psychotherapy-control
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219824
TI  - [Assessment of affliction pressure and conscious motivation for psychotherapy
      resulting from the initial interview (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219825
TI  - [Personality structure of social work of students, trained in psychotherapy].

PMID- 1219826
TI  - [Changes in pyrimidine nucleotide isopliths of hematopoietic system DNA following
      gamma-irradiation of animals].

PMID- 1219827
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiation on RNA metabolism. 2. Kinetics of nuclear RNA
      decomposition in irradiated rat organs].

PMID- 1219829
TI  - [Effect of exogenous DNA on the postradiation survival of SOTs cell cultures].

PMID- 1219828
TI  - [Dynamics of nucleolar changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of irradiated
      rats].

PMID- 1219830
TI  - [Effect of whole-body x-irradiation on the composition and metabolism of rat
      brain lipids].

PMID- 1219831
TI  - [Effect of radiation on lipid synthesis in rat liver and adipose tissue].

PMID- 1219832
TI  - [Frequency of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells of lethally irradiated
      rats treated with homologous DNA].

PMID- 1219833
TI  - [Change in the oxidation-reduction potential of brain and liver tissue during x
      irradiation of rats].

PMID- 1219834
TI  - [Enhancing the biological effect of ionizing radiation. 9. Oxygenation of tumor
      and skin by inhalation of air and oxygen before and after radiation].

PMID- 1219835
TI  - [Effect of caffeine on the survival and repair of yeast cells].

PMID- 1219836
TI  - [Effect of small radiation doses on spermatogenesis].

PMID- 1219837
TI  - [Growth and development of embryos, chickens and egg yield of hens irradiated
      prior to and during incubation].

PMID- 1219838
TI  - [Radiation death of mice after whole-body nonuniform (along the length of the
      body) x-irradiation].

PMID- 1219839
TI  - [Sensitizing activity of radiotoxins of plant origin].

PMID- 1219840
TI  - [Comparison of the effectiveness of gamma rays and fission spectrum neutrons by
      the chromosome aberrations induced in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in
      vitro].

PMID- 1219841
TI  - [Role of structural changes in alpha-chymotrypsin inactivation during gamma
      irradiation in solution].

PMID- 1219842
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiation on chromatin and lipid metabolism in birds].

PMID- 1219843
TI  - [Effect of whole-body gamma-irradiation on amino acid compartmentalization in rat
      kidneys and spleen].

PMID- 1219844
TI  - [Transketolase activity of the skin of rats exposed to the combined action of x-
      and beta-radiation].

PMID- 1219846
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of bone marrow hematopoiesis in the dog sternum and iliac
      bone following nonuniform proton irradiation with different absorbed doses].

PMID- 1219845
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiation in rat embryo adrenal glands].

PMID- 1219847
TI  - [Radioprotective properties of Central Asian snake venoms].

PMID- 1219848
TI  - [Relation between the postradiation excretion of deoxyuridine and the mitiotic
      index of hematopoietic tissue cells].

PMID- 1219849
TI  - [Effect of carbon chain length in the aliphatic series of diisothiuronium
      compounds on donor properties and radioprotective activity].

PMID- 1219850
TI  - [Antiradiation properties of taurine compounds].

PMID- 1219851
TI  - [Role of tocopherol in radiation injury to Pisum sativum].

PMID- 1219852
TI  - [Complex effect of strontium-90 and bazudin on Aristichthys nobilis].

PMID- 1219853
TI  - [Study of thrombocytes and blood coagulation indices in cows given a mixture of
      nuclear fission products].

PMID- 1219854
TI  - [Express method of determining the average energy and concentration of beta
      nuclides in biological samples].

PMID- 1219855
TI  - [X-ray therapy of inflammations and functional disturbances with lowest doses
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219856
TI  - [Irradiation of inflammation and pain--is this still current? Problems in the X
      ray therapy of inflammatory and degenerative processes].

PMID- 1219857
TI  - [Prostatic carcinoma from the radiologist's viewpoint. Comments on diagnosis and
      therapy].

PMID- 1219858
TI  - [Isodose determination for the vaginal cylinder in 60Co contact therapy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1219859
TI  - [Examinations on the suitability of LiF probes for the determination of the gonad
      dose in radiological measures (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219860
TI  - [The concept of effective density of phantom materials for electron dosimetry and
      a simple method of their measurement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219861
TI  - [On the change of toxic properties of endotoxins of the familiy of
      enterobacteriaceae after the effect of gamma-rays (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219863
TI  - Effect of malononitrile dimer on thyroid activity and uptake of radioiodine (131
      i).

PMID- 1219862
TI  - [Examinations on the specific effect of low doses of ionizing radiations on
      cultivated plants. III. (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219864
TI  - [Selective damage to cancer-tissue capillaries as a partial goal of the 1974
      concept of multistep cancer therapy].

PMID- 1219865
TI  - [Brain scintigraphy in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system
      (meningoencephalitis, brain abscess, and subdural empyema].

PMID- 1219866
TI  - [Effect of labeling conditions on the properties of 113mIn-labeled iron hydroxide
      particles].

PMID- 1219867
TI  - [Determination of tissue scattering fraction and optimum adjustment of pulse
      height analyzer for the nuclide 99mTc (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219868
TI  - [Radioimmunological triiodothyronine determination (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219869
TI  - [Experiences with 113mIn-labeled erythrocytes for splenic scintigraphy].

PMID- 1219870
TI  - [Data storage and programmed physician's letter in the nuclear medicine clinic].

PMID- 1219871
TI  - [The complex radiological parotid diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219872
TI  - [Brain scanning dispensary in the early diagnosis of tumor recurrence].

PMID- 1219873
TI  - [Notes about 51Cr-55Fe double-nuclide measurements (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219874
TI  - [Whole body retention studies for incorporation dosimetry in kidney
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1219875
TI  - [A technic for the quantitative determination of uteroplacental blood flow].

PMID- 1219877
TI  - Analysis of symptoms and signs related with intestinal parasitosis in 5,215
      cases.

PMID- 1219876
TI  - The rational use of drugs in the management of heart block.

PMID- 1219878
TI  - Hookworm anaemia and intestinal malabsorption associated with hookworm
      infestation.

PMID- 1219879
TI  - Immuno-diagnosis in filarial infection.

PMID- 1219880
TI  - Role of periodic deworming of preschool community in national nutrition
      programmes.

PMID- 1219881
TI  - Chemotherapy of intestinal helminthiasis.

PMID- 1219882
TI  - Pertussis agglutinins and complement fixing antibodies in whooping cough.

PMID- 1219884
TI  - Autonomic dysfunction as a problem in the treatment of tetanus.

PMID- 1219883
TI  - Problems in preparation, testing and use of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus
      vaccines.

PMID- 1219885
TI  - Immunization of a village, a new approach to herd immunity.

PMID- 1219886
TI  - Progress in immunization (popular lecture).

PMID- 1219887
TI  - Tetanus: general and pathophysiological aspects; achievements, failures,
      perspectives of elaboration of the problem.

PMID- 1219888
TI  - Epidemiology of diphtheria.

PMID- 1219890
TI  - Role of beta-adrenergic blocking drug propranolol in severe tetanus.

PMID- 1219889
TI  - Clinical study of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus.

PMID- 1219891
TI  - Tetanus: situational clinical trials and therapeutics.

PMID- 1219892
TI  - Tetanus and its prevention.

PMID- 1219893
TI  - Age profile of diphtheria in Bombay a study of 3,453 recent cases in children.

PMID- 1219894
TI  - Diphtheria some epidemiological observations in Bombay: a clinical and
      bacteriological study of 320 and autopsy study of 5 children.

PMID- 1219895
TI  - Mode of death in tetanus.

PMID- 1219896
TI  - Effect of hookworm disease on the structure and function of small bowel.

PMID- 1219897
TI  - Cephalic tetanus.

PMID- 1219899
TI  - Recent studies on genetic recombination in Vibrio cholerae.

PMID- 1219898
TI  - The problem of diphtheria as seen in Bombay.

PMID- 1219900
TI  - Interbiotype conversion of cholera vibrios by action of mutagens.

PMID- 1219901
TI  - The antibody basis of local immunity to experimental cholera infection in the
      rabbit ileal loop.

PMID- 1219902
TI  - Studies on Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Calcutta as compared to cholera
      infection.

PMID- 1219903
TI  - Impact of researches in India on the control and treatment of cholera.

PMID- 1219904
TI  - Bacteriology at the periphery of the cholera pandemic.

PMID- 1219905
TI  - Effect of drugs on cholera toxin induced fluid in adult rabbit ileal loop.

PMID- 1219906
TI  - The management of acute diarrhea in children: an overview.

PMID- 1219907
TI  - Relationship of induced antibody titres to resistance to experimental human
      infection.

PMID- 1219908
TI  - Antibody response to two cholera vaccines in volunteers.

PMID- 1219909
TI  - Virulence-enhancing effect of ferric ammonium citrate on Vibrio cholerae.

PMID- 1219910
TI  - An extensive community outbreak of acute diarrhoeal diseases in children.

PMID- 1219911
TI  - Epidemiology of cholera in Hyderabad.

PMID- 1219912
TI  - Studies on Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Bombay.

PMID- 1219913
TI  - Epidemiological studies on cholera in non-endemic regions with special reference
      to the problem of carrier state during epidemic and non-epidemic period.

PMID- 1219914
TI  - The current status of cholera toxoid research in the United States.

PMID- 1219915
TI  - Cell-wall antigens of V. cholerae and their implication in cholera immunity.

PMID- 1219916
TI  - Reactivity of bentonite flocculation, indirect haemagglutination and Casoni tests
      in hydatid disease.

PMID- 1219917
TI  - [Rehabilitation of patients after myocardial infarction in recreational and
      training camps (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219918
TI  - [Surgical treatment in cerebral circulation insufficiency (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219919
TI  - [Detection and treatment of cervical cancer in Cracow, 1973 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219920
TI  - [Results of the preventive treatment in puerperium inflammation of the breast
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219921
TI  - [Immunosuppressive treatment in autoimmunological blood diseases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1219922
TI  - [Continuing education. Course: Laboratory diagnostic methods in gastroenterology.
      Hormones of the digestive system].

PMID- 1219924
TI  - [Treatment of the frontal bone medullitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219923
TI  - [Secretin and calcium tests in patients with peptic duodenal ulcer and
      hyperchlorhydria (author's transl)].

PMID- 1219925
TI  - Normal values of thyroxine and triiodo-thyronine retention in the rat. Valores
      normais de tiroxina e retencao de triiodo-tironina em ratos.
AB  - The authors report the results from Murphy and Pattee's method 9, 10 1964, 1966
      for T4 and those from Hamolsky et al.'s method 5 1957 for percent retention of T3
      as applied to the normal rat serum. For that purpose, 32 adult Wistar rats, of
      both sexes, kept at the laboratory environment and fed with usual diet were used.
      Blood samples were taken after noon directly from the heart, without anesthesia.
      The analysis showed a T4 value of 4.20 +/- 0.92 mug/100 ml of serum (both sexes).
      The percentuals for mean T3 retention values were found to be 87.46 +/- 6.59%
      (male) and 81.78 +/- 5.22% (female). No statistically significant correlation
      could be drawn between the body weights and the hormonal findings.

PMID- 1219926
TI  - [Cerebellum of birds: quantitative and comparative study of the Purkinje cells
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The quantitative and comparative analysis of the Purkinje cells indicates the
      higher mean linear density in the anterior lobe, with regard to posterior lobe,
      in the cerebellum of the dung cook, Gallus gallus. Likewise the mean linear
      density of the Purkinje cells in that species, was significantly higher than that
      estimated in the cerebellum of the pigeon, Columba livia. The relationship
      between these quantitative differences and the type of locomotion, the walk,
      predominant in the dung cock is discussed.

PMID- 1219927
TI  - Anatomical study on the proximal attachments of the human popliteus muscle.
AB  - The anatomical study of the proximal attachments of the human popliteus muscle
      was performed in 25 knees obtained from the dissection room cadavers, of the
      Anatomy Department of the Sao Paulo University Medical School. Our findings
      suggest that the p.m. has four proximal attachments, the condylar, meniscal,
      capsular and fibular. The muscle can be divided into a lateral portion whose
      fibers are attached in the lateral condyle of the femur by means of the popliteal
      tendon. A medial portion whose deep fibers are attached in the posterior part of
      the lateral meniscus and the superficial ones in the knee capsule; and finally
      the fibular attachment that appears to have a philogenetic meaning.

PMID- 1219928
TI  - [Anemia in pregnant women of Sobradinho, a satellite city of Brazilia, Brazil
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Four hundred and seven pregnant women, living in Sobradinho, a satellite city of
      Brasilia, Brazil, divided in three groups according to their gestation age: I
      trimester (50 cases); II trimester (140 cases); III trimester (201 cases), were
      studied for the hemoglobin concentration of their blood and intestinal
      parasitism. In nineteen of the anemic women iron, folic acid and vitamin B12
      serum determinations were done. The mean hemoglobin concentration and the
      percentage of anemia (less than 12 g/100 ml) in the different stages of
      gestation, were: 13.06 g/100 ml and 22% for the first trimester: 12.49 g/100 ml
      and 29% for the second trimester and 12.11 g/100 ml and 34% for the third
      trimester. In the 19 cases of the anemic group studied we found 73.7% of iron
      deficiency (below 60 microg/100 ml); 26.3% of folic acid deficiency (below 4
      ng/ml) and 10.5% of vitamin B12 deficiency (below 140 pg/ ml). A combined
      deficiency occured in two cases: iron plus folic acid (case 11, table 3) and
      folic acid plus vitamin B12 (case 3, table 3). The stool examination showed
      parasitic infection, in 51% of the women.

PMID- 1219929
TI  - [Preliminary report concerning the histologica patterns of an anthracotic
      pneumoconiosis observed in the area of Londrina, Brasil (author's transl)].
AB  - The A. presents a preliminary report concerning on the histologic patterns of an
      anthracotic pneumoconiosis found in necropsies of the "Hospital Universitario da
      Universidade de Londrina", Parana, Brazil, and in some cases from the Legal
      Institute of the same town. The lesions, on its histologic pattern are comparable
      to those observed in the lung of coal and iron mines workers as described in the
      consulted literature. The cases studied (plantations workers and dwellers at
      rural and suburban areas) are proceeding from an essencially agricultural region,
      without detectable polluition by industry or others known factors. This
      agricultural zone presents some geophysic peculiarities and dust from the
      errosive soil, is a constant factor in the local athmosphere. The soil is so
      called "Terra Roxa" (red soil) and in its physicochemical composition there is a
      great amount of iron oxides, silica (silt, agril laceous material), aluminium,
      manganese, organic compounds. In this preliminary report the A. suggests further
      research for a better knowledge of the composition of the respirable air and if
      dust exposures are or not responsible for the lung lesions.

PMID- 1219930
TI  - Atomospheric pollen counts in Brasilia, Brazil.
AB  - Daily pollen counts were made in Brasilia DF, Brazil, from February 9, 1973 to
      February 9, 1974. Just one pollen season was perfectly delineated: a grass
      season. Two weeds, Smilax and Aristolochia, showed some regularity, with a few
      number of pollen granules. Tree pollens belonging to the Rosaceae family
      presented a similar behaviour.

PMID- 1219931
TI  - [Identification of DNA synthesis stimulating and inhibitory factors from the rat
      submandibular gland during post-natal differentiation (author's transl)].
AB  - Cell-free homogenates of submandibular gland of 10 to 90 days old female rats,
      when injected in 90 days old female rats, previously treated with isoproterenol,
      produced a stimulatory or an inhibitory effect on the DNA synthesis. By
      filtration on Sephadex G-100 it was possible to separate protein or proteins
      presenting such an effects. The stimulatory effect was found in glands of 10 to
      30 days old rats, while the inhibitory one was present in the 60 to 90 days old
      rats. It seems that there is a coincidence between the appearance of acinar cells
      and the presence of the inhibitory factor.

PMID- 1219932
TI  - [Color changes in Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) Crustacean. Decapode. Effect of an
      injection of sinus gland extract].
AB  - Color changes of Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) of Sao Paulo's northern littoral were
      studied in function of injections of sinusgland extracts. When 0.06 of the
      sinusgland was injected the melanophore's pigments attained a maximal dispersion
      in 45 minutes and the effect remained during 6 hours. The animals with one
      eyestalk kept their normal chromatic behavior. It was observed that the rate of
      melanophores dispersion varies directly to the hormone concentration.

PMID- 1219933
TI  - Cytomorphologic findings on the final stages of erythrocyte maturation in mamals.
AB  - An increase of organelles occurs at the reticulocytary maturation stage, when
      compared with the erythroblastic one, in the peripheral blood of embryos and of
      patients with acquired hemolytic anemia. This increase is due to hemosome
      formation, in which possibly the final stage of hemoglobin biosynthesis may take
      place. In animals with posthemorrhagic anemia, biosynthesis does not occur and
      reticulocytes present only typical mitochondria. Based on these findings, as well
      as on reticulocyte basophilia, suggestions were done for the introduction of some
      modifications in the Harris & Kellermeyer16 1970 conception of the erythrocyte
      maturation.

PMID- 1219934
TI  - [Histometric study of age related changes of elastic and collagenous fibers in
      the aortic arch of Meleagris gallopavo L., 1758, of both sexes (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The authors have studied the quantitative variation of elastic and collagenous
      fibers in the aortic arch of Meleagris gallopavo (turkey), both sexes, from 1 up
      to 180 days old. An histometric method was employed using as integrating eyepiece
      for the countings. The results show that the concentration of elastic fibers
      increase from the first to the 45th day, decreasing from this point until the age
      of 180 days, while that of collagenous fibers increase from the first until the
      last etary group studied.

PMID- 1219935
TI  - [Considerations about the branching of the Aorta abdominalis in Mesocricetus
      auratus (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with the disposition of the abdominal aorta branching in
      Mesocricetus auratus, stablishing variation groups with relation to the celiac,
      cranial, mesenteric, renal, genital and caudal mesenteric arteries. Sixty animals
      (30 males and 30 females) of different ages and weights, from the Faculdade de
      Ciencias Medicas e Biologicas de Botucatu, were anaesthetized with chloroform,
      injected with contrasting substance in abdominal aorta (50 animals with Neoprene
      latex and 10 with radio-opac mass) and dissected through stereoscopic microscope.
      The animals with radio-opac mass were radiographed in order to compare with other
      preparations. The results were expressed in relative percentage figures and
      compared with the human and other mammalian arterial dispositions.

PMID- 1219936
TI  - [An impedance measuring technique for blood flow qualitative recording].
AB  - An impedance measuring technique was developed for blood flow qualitative
      recordings in laboratory animals. Basically, it consists in the administration of
      an indicator solution (0,1 ml, NaCl 20%) which, mixing with the blood, provokes a
      decrease in its electrical resistance, in such way that the passage of this
      mixture (concentrated saline/blood) through a bipolar receptor electrode,
      resistively balanced by the electrical impedance of blood alone, will be detected
      as a sudden resistance fall. The results so far show that it is an adequate
      technique for blood flow qualitative studies, since, despite its simplicity,
      provides consistent and unequivocal recordings which, performed simultaneously
      with those of other circulatory events, may become a helpful tool for their
      understanding.

PMID- 1219937
TI  - Measurements of stress and strain in live bone by electrical strain gage method.
AB  - Measurements of stress and strain in parts of musculokeletal system has been
      extensively studied in recent years. "In vitro" tests have contributed important
      information. The present study is an attempt to assess "in vivo" measurements
      using electrical extensometers attached to the bone with biocompatible adhesives
      permitting accurate measurements of strain over long periods of time. Even though
      its seems to be an adequate method there are some limitations to be considered.
      The problem involving tissue reaction, protections and isolation of the measuring
      unit, validity of measurements and determination of the principal directions of
      the strain are discussed. When adequately used the method may contribute to the
      knowledge and understanding of biomechanics of the musculokeletal system.

PMID- 1219938
TI  - Estimation of renal hypertrophy: comparison of renal diameter, weight and volume.
AB  - The opposite kidney was studied 5-15 weeks after unilateral nephrectomy in groups
      of rats. The relative merits of weight, volume and diameter as parameters of
      renal hypertrophy were compared. Renal diameter was found to be a less sensitive
      index of renal hypertrophy than the other two parameters. Standard curves are
      presented which provide a suitable method for eliminating the influence of growth
      of the animal upon renal hypertrophy. This is particulary importan when animals
      of different weights are untilised.

PMID- 1219939
TI  - The direct potential of the intestinal wall. Its change in ischemia and
      revascularization. An experimental study in the rat.
AB  - The DC otential between the jejunal mucosa and the skin of the tail's root was
      measured in 29 rats. In twenty animals the superior mesenteric artery was clamped
      during up to VBJ minutes and recording of the DC potential was performed before
      vascular obstruction, during the period of ischaemia, and after revascularization
      was resumed when the clamp was removed. Prolonged ischaemia of the jejunum led to
      increasing reduction of the DC potential but recovery occurred about 75% of the
      rats when revascularization was established. The remaining 25% did not recover
      from vascular occlusion due to thrombosis or mechanical damage to the arterial
      wall. After removal of the elctrodes from the former group functional recovery of
      the intestinal function occurred in all the animals in which the removal was
      successful and no perforation of the intestinal wall was produced. Measuring
      transmural potential may be a convenient method to assess the viability of an
      infarcted intestine, thus aiding in selecting the appropriate therapeutic
      measures and in prognostic evaluation.

PMID- 1219941
TI  - [Renal tubular acidosis. Report of 2 clinical cases].

PMID- 1219940
TI  - [Therapeutic trial with a single oral dose of pyrantel pamoate in infections by
      Enterovirus vermiculosis and Ascaris lumbricoides].

PMID- 1219942
TI  - [Viral etiology of infantile diarrhea].

PMID- 1219944
TI  - [Obstructive congenital abnormalities of the female genitalia. 5 clinical cases].

PMID- 1219943
TI  - [Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis without IgA secretion].

PMID- 1219946
TI  - [Experience in a polyclinic for the care of newborn infants].

PMID- 1219945
TI  - [Masses in the flank in the newborn].

PMID- 1219947
TI  - [Rest in post-streptococcal acute diffuse glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1219948
TI  - Clinical phenomenology in the functional psychoses.

PMID- 1219949
TI  - Neuromuscular abnormalities in the major mental illnesses. I. Serum enzyme
      studies.
AB  - Eighty-eight of 187 (47.1%) psychotic patients had increased serum creatine
      phosphokinase (CPK) activity at admission. By the time of discharge, 75.9% had
      had an increased serum CPK activity. There was no significant difference between
      various groups of types of psychoses in the incidence of increased serum CPK
      activity. In 25% of the patients with increased serum CPK levels, the peak
      increase was equal to or greater than five times the upper limit of normal. Only
      the skeletal muscle isozyme of CPK was present in serum. The incidence of
      increased serum CPK activity at admission is significantly greater for those
      patients whose gross psychotic symptoms began 1 to 7 days prior to admission than
      for those whose symptoms began 8 or more days prior to admission. Some types of
      psychopathology were more intense or more frequently present in those patients
      with increased serum CPK activity at admission. Moreover, patients with increased
      serum CPK activity at any time during hospitalization had significantly greater
      mean ratings of some types of psychopathology, longer mean hospitalization and
      required higher doses of medication than did patients who never had such
      increases. Serum CPK levels were correlated with particular types of behavior for
      many psychotic patients. "Baseline" mean serum CPK activity of psychotic patients
      with increased serum CPK levels at some time during hospitalization was
      significantly greater than that of psychotic patients who never had increases in
      the hospital. One hundred and three of 337 (30.6%) first-degree relatives of
      psychotic patients also had slightly increased serum CPK activity. A
      significantly greater proportion of the relatives with slight elevation were
      related to patients who had elevated serum CPK activity. Many of the
      characteristics of increased serum CPK levels in patients with various types of
      major mental illnesses are similar to each other and to increases present in
      patients with a variety of acute brain diseases. This obviously does not mean
      that all these diseases have a common cause. They may, however, share a common
      mechanism producing increased efflux of CPK from skeletal muscle or decreased
      clearance of CPK from serum. Determination of serum CPK activity in newly
      admitted psychiatric patients may help distinguish psychotic from nonpsychotic
      patients, but the number of false-negatives and -positives will be considerable.
      The most important values of serum CPK determinations in psychotic patients may
      be to stimulate further investigations of the neuromuscular system.

PMID- 1219950
TI  - Neuromuscular abnormalities in the major mental illnesses. II. Muscle fiber and
      subterminal motor nerve abnormalities.

PMID- 1219951
TI  - The spectrum concept in schizophrenic and manic-depressive disorders.

PMID- 1219952
TI  - CPK in neuropsychiatric diseases.

PMID- 1219953
TI  - Drugs, diagnosis, and disease.

PMID- 1219954
TI  - The key clinical dimensions of the functional psychoses.

PMID- 1219955
TI  - [Pulmonary emboli simulating a severe asthmatic state].

PMID- 1219956
TI  - [Rehabilitation of cardiac patients].

PMID- 1219957
TI  - [Indications for lymphadenography].

PMID- 1219958
TI  - [Choice of a contraceptive method in the diabetic patient].

PMID- 1219959
TI  - [Cold nodules of the thyroid gland. Clinical and histological study of 300
      surgical cases].

PMID- 1219960
TI  - [Physiological principles of balneotherapy. VI. Physiological properties of the
      carbonated bath in spas. The general bath].

PMID- 1219961
TI  - [Letter: Professional secrecy and expert testimony of the physician].

PMID- 1219962
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic approach to early autistic psychosis in children. The
      point of view of a researcher].

PMID- 1219963
TI  - [Pedagogical problems in psychotic children].

PMID- 1219964
TI  - [Identity in question. Reflexions about adolescence and psychosis].

PMID- 1219965
TI  - [Methodological problems posed by childhood, schizophrenia and the concept of
      schizophrenia in USSR].

PMID- 1219966
TI  - [Surgical aspects of fronto-ethmoidal mucoceles].

PMID- 1219967
TI  - [Unusual evolution of thrombophlebitis of the lateral sinus caused by acute
      mastoiditis].

PMID- 1219968
TI  - [Thrombosis of the internal carotid artery and tumor of the carotid glomus].

PMID- 1219969
TI  - [Germinomas of the pineal region. Indications for direct approach].

PMID- 1219970
TI  - [Frontal angioma and cirsoid retinal aneurysm: relationship to the Bonnet
      Dechaume-Blanc syndrome].

PMID- 1219972
TI  - [Bitemporal hemianopsia, diabetes insipidus and post-traumatic rhinorrhea].

PMID- 1219971
TI  - [Spasmodic lateral ocular gynation in the course of Wallenberg's syndrome].

PMID- 1219973
TI  - [Treatment of Meniere's vertigo with betahistine].

PMID- 1219974
TI  - [Arbovirus studies. Serological survey in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil].

PMID- 1219975
TI  - [Susceptibility of Biomphalaria straminea from the Lao Santa region (MG) to
      Schistosoma mansoni].

PMID- 1219976
TI  - [Incidence of Toxoplasma gondi infections in rural and urban areas].

PMID- 1219977
TI  - [Australia antigen in acute viral hepatitis and leptospirosis in Salvador,
      Bahia].

PMID- 1219978
TI  - [Atypical aspects of typhoid fever occurring in patients with hepatosplenic
      schistosomiasis. Study of 29 cases].

PMID- 1219979
TI  - Accidental parasitism of man with two gordiids.

PMID- 1219980
TI  - Detection of schistosomal antigen (S. mansoni) in human kidneys obtained at
      autopsy (preliminary report).

PMID- 1219981
TI  - [Pathogenetic, clinical and therapeutic considerations on a case of the stiff man
      syndrome].
AB  - The AA. describe the clinical features of a woman (fourty-one years old)
      suffering from Stiff-man syndrome. The treatment with diazepam and baclophene
      improuved the symptoms in a very satisfactory manner. The Author's opinion is
      that syndrome could be due to abnormal activity of neurotransmitters.

PMID- 1219982
TI  - [Serial electroencephalographic study of 3 siblings with agenesis of the
      interhemispheric great commissurae, cortical neuronal immaturity and hypoplasia
      of the optico-pyramidal tracts].
AB  - Three children, two females and one male, born from unrelated parents show
      brachycephaly, ogival palate, blindness from 5-6 months and progressive piramidal
      symptoms. Two subjects had since sixth monthy epileptic seizures, the other one
      died at 5 th month. In one subject died at 28 month age, central nervous system
      autoptic examination shows neuronal cortical immaturity, lack of corpus callosum,
      visual and piramidal patways hypoplasia. The serial EEG recording shows three
      caracteristic aspects: a) altough a marked changes, the organization of the
      electric cerebral activity was partially preserved; b) a epileptogenic
      potentiality was present, that is caracteristic of electro-clinic immage of this
      subject; c) a suggestive and peculiar tendency to asincrony and asimmetry of
      epileptic tendency in two hemispheres.

PMID- 1219983
TI  - [Preventive anti-epileptic action of taurine administered by direct cortical
      perfusion].
AB  - To test taurine preventive antiepileptic effect a 90-minute taurine cortical
      perfusion was made to 8 cats in the left sensory-motor area. A cobalt lesion was
      then made in the same area following routine. In all cats the beginning and
      subsequent development of the interictal and ictal epileptic picture were
      remarkably delayed in comparison with a control group of animals without taurine
      pretreatment. The taurine preventive action, as the consequence of its brain
      uptake, is discussed in comparison with the lack of taurine preventive action,
      when administered intraperitoneally (MUTANI et al., in press). The possibility of
      the taurine uptake by the normal brain and, therefore, of the prevention of the
      epilepsy would be related to the different anatomo-physiologic features of the
      barriers met in the two routes of administration.

PMID- 1219984
TI  - [Juvenile Pick's disease: clinical study].
AB  - The Authors discuss the case of a 23-year-old man who manifested the
      characteristic symptomatology of a progressive mental deterioration and disorders
      in behaviour displaying themselves as apathy, speechlessness, progressive
      detachment from environment and considerable slovenliness. It has been also
      emphasized a situation which suggest Kleist's melokinetic apraxia. In addition to
      usual routine laboratory studies, the patient underwent a EEG, an encephalography
      and psychodiagnostic investigations executed by a means of series of tests in
      order to ascertain his intellectual efficiency and outline his psychological
      profile. On the basis of the investigations made and after a discussion
      concerning possible differential diagnoses, the Authors have reached the
      conclusion that it is an uncommon case of juvenile Pick's disease.

PMID- 1219985
TI  - [Value of electromyography in the study of polyneuropathy caused by industrial
      glues].
AB  - The Authors have studied 47 patients with manufacturing glue neuropathy by
      electromiography and motor and sensitive nerve conduction velocity recording in
      medianus, ulnaris and sciatic nerves. The evolution of the disease was studied
      during two years. From these data, on the basis of recent complete bibliography,
      the speculated abant the place of damage and the pathogenesis of this
      professional disease. There was demonstrated the importance of EMG in the earlyer
      diagnosis and in the medical and legal evaluation of the consequential damages of
      those diseases.

PMID- 1219986
TI  - [First decade of the eradication of malaria in Spain].

PMID- 1219987
TI  - [Air pollution in Sevilla (Spring and Summer 1974) Study of ammonia as an urban
      pollutant].

PMID- 1219988
TI  - [Epidemiological data of various intestinal parasites in 1,491 children admitted
      in the Sanatorio San Marino de Gorliz].

PMID- 1219989
TI  - [Report of the working group for the study of the problems due to alcoholism and
      the traffic and consumption of drugs].

PMID- 1219990
TI  - Homologous vessel graft as substitute for flexor tendon graft. An experimental
      study on rabbits.
AB  - Homologous vessel grafts were tried as substitutes for flexor tendon grafts.
      Pieces of different lengths were excised from a flexor tendon and replaced by a
      homologous abdominal aorta graft which was turned inside out and then anastomised
      by drawing it over the tendon stumps in a cuff-like manner. The grafts became
      firm, homogeneous and completely tendon-like with very little adhesion but with a
      tendency to become extended and thus too long to be functional.

PMID- 1219991
TI  - Reconstruction of articular cartilage using autologous perichondrial grafts. A
      preliminary report.
AB  - In a pilot study of grown-up rabbits perichondrium from the ear was grafted to
      the joint surface of cavitas glenoidalis from which the normal articular
      cartilage had been resected. in all cases regeneration of new cartilage occurred.
      Five clinical cases of arthritis are reported in which, following removal of the
      degenerated cartilage and grafting of rib perichondrium, articular cartilage
      regeneration took place

PMID- 1219994
TI  - Hand surgery and the development of hand prostheses.
AB  - Hand surgery has shown that afferent impulses to conscious level are essential
      for control and effective use of any advanced grip. Control of position, motion
      and load (proprioception) is possible to obtain without joint receptors, by
      cutaneous receptors alone. Further advances in the construction of hand
      prostheses must be based on this premise. The value of the key grip is outlined.

PMID- 1219993
TI  - Metacarpophalangeal joint implants. III. Roentgenographic study of the in vivo
      function.
AB  - With tomographic examination of the metacarpophalangeal joint in the straight
      lateral projection with maximum active extension and flexion, performed after the
      implantation of 42 Swanson and 41 Niebauer finger joint implants, it was possible
      to study the in vivo function of these implants. A method was devised to
      determine the position of the proximal phalanx in relation to the metacarpal bone
      in the plane of flexion. This was correlated to the ideal position of the
      proximal phalanx as determined for each of the implants in experimental studies
      and defined only by the implant axis of rotation. A displacement of the phalanx
      in the proximal and volar direction was found. Usually, this was more pronounced
      with fracture of the implant, and could be about 7-8 mm in each direction. The
      hinge of the Niebauer implant was found to bend significantly less than expected,
      indicating movements taking place in other parts of the implant. The two blocks
      of the midsection were found to move in relation to the adjacent bones.
      Indicating an insufficient intramedullary fixation of the stems, these findings
      explained why cortical erosions appeared at the sites where the stems were in
      close contact with the bone: dorsally in the metacarpal bone and volarly in the
      proximal phalanx.

PMID- 1219995
TI  - Fractures of the scaphoid.
AB  - Fracture of the scaphoid is the most common injury of the carpus. Inadequate
      treatment frequently leads to non-union, which causes pain and serious
      disability. In the present study 134 scaphoid fractures treated during the period
      1961-70 are reviewed. In fresh fractures less than 4 weeks old, bony union
      occurred in 95% with proper conservative treatment. The vexed question of whether
      a high or low circular cast should be used may not really be so important. In the
      present study, both methods of external splintage have given favourable results.
      It is indisputable, however, that other factors, such as the age of the fracture,
      its type and location are of great importance for the final result. It was also
      found that fracture dislocation greater than 1 mm regularly led to
      pseudarthrosis. Operative treatment is suggested in these cases, and the Matti
      Russe technique has proved to be an excellent method for treatment of
      pseudarthrosis of the scaphoid. The study further confirmed that fractures of the
      scaphoid in children are more common than is usually supposed. They were all
      located in the distal two-thirds of the bone and it is suggested that this
      pattern of distribution is typical of childhood.

PMID- 1219992
TI  - Assessment of surgery of the rheumatoid wrist.
AB  - A series of 314 wrist operations performed on 227 patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis is presented. In 266 hands various wrist operations were undertaken
      with the object of synovial debridement and in 48 hands the wrist was also
      arthrodesed. The mean age at the time of surgical treatment was 51 years and the
      mean period of observation 4.2 years. This study shows that the main benefits of
      synovectomy are related to a constant and marked pain relief and prevention of
      tendon ruptures. The hope that synovectomy might arrest or prevent skeletal
      destruction was not realized and progression of X-ray changes was found in 74%.
      The very low recurrence rate in the present series as judged by clinical signs is
      probably not very significant and it is concluded that the X-ray findings are the
      most reliable criteria reflecting the real activity in a rheumatoid joint. In
      several wrists where prophylactic ulnar head resection had been performed through
      a small ulnar incision, an active dorsal tenosynovitis with tendon invasion
      developed later. These and other findings at the operation indicate that the
      erosive effect of the distal end of the ulna is certainly not the sole cause of
      tendon rupture in this area and that a complete exposure and decompression of the
      tendons should regularly be performed. Finally, arthrodesis of the wrist was so
      successful that it can be highly recommended.

PMID- 1219996
TI  - Primary mobilization after secondary flexor tendon surgery.
AB  - The value of immediate postoperative mobilization after secondary repair was
      studied in 63 patients with 93 flexor tendons. With grafts, an essential
      requirement is strong fixation. Distally, the graft was carried through a canal
      drilled from the distal phalanx to the upper side of the nail. Proximally,
      Pulvertaft's technique was used. The initial aftercare was very important, and
      required 3 weeks stay in hospital. Mobilization was started on the first
      postoperative day. The operating surgeon himself supervised the daily exercise
      for 3 weeks, after which the patient was discharged. The end-results show that,
      despite what has been alleged by the critics of primary mobilization, the graft
      is capable of development and grows stronger with this treatment.

PMID- 1219997
TI  - Neurofibroma in the median nerve treated with resection and free nerve
      transplantation. Case reports.
AB  - The commonest tumours of the peripheral nerves are neurolemomas and
      neurofibromas, both arising from the nerve sheath. Both tumour types are
      described. It is established that the neurofibroma becomes malignant in about 10%
      of cases and that removal involves resection of the nerve. Radical resection is
      nevertheless recommended and the defect in the nerve may be overcome by free
      nerve transplantation. Two cases are reported.

PMID- 1219998
TI  - Fracture dislocation in the ulnar carpometacarpal joints. Open reduction and
      pinning--a case report.
AB  - Eight patients with fracture dislocations in the four ulnar carpometacarpal
      joints were treated with open reduction and pinning. All patients could return to
      work some 2 months after operation. Follow-up after 3-5 years was carried out in
      7 of the 8 patients. One complained of slight clumsiness and ache over the
      incisional area, whereas the other 6 were free from symptoms and had normal hand
      function.

PMID- 1219999
TI  - Functional results after Moore arthroplasty in femoral neck fractures. A long
      term follow-up study.
AB  - Sixty patients with Moore's hip arthroplasty were followed with a mean
      observation time of 4.9 years. The results were found to be acceptable, as 70%
      had minimal or no pain, 78% had acceptable hip mobility and 40% were able to walk
      more than 500 metres. 25% became nursing-home patients, but in nearly all of
      these cases this was due to unrelated disabling illnesses. According to the
      classification adopted by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, 52% were
      classified as excellent or good, 43% as fair, and 5% as poor. The
      roentgenological findings of setting of the prosthesis and osteolysis along the
      prosthesis were significantly correlated to reduced hip mobility.

PMID- 1220000
TI  - The relationship between some psychological factors and the outcome of medical
      rehabilitation.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between some
      psychological factors and the outcome or rehabilitation. The subjects were 70
      patients at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Central Hospital,
      Jonkoping. The mean age was 45.8 years (range 20-66). They were subjected to an
      intelligence test, a personality inventory and a perceptual test. The outcome of
      the rehabilitation was measured with ratings by the staff members and by the
      patient himself. Positive factors for a sucessful rehabilitation was low age,
      good education, good intelligence and a high degree of dominance (i.e. self
      confidence, ego-strength, a need to attract attention and no guilt feelings). A
      negative personality factor was passive dependence (i.e. lack of independence,
      application for assistance and dependence on other people). The most pronounced
      factor was field dependence-independence. The field independent subjects reached
      a more sucessful rehabilitation than the field dependent. This may be due to the
      fact that a field independent person makes his perceptual judgements according to
      inner frames of reference and directs and organizes his experiences more than
      does the field dependent. He also uses more complex and more specialized defences
      and experiences his own body in an analytical fashion which results in an
      articulated body concept and a well-developed sense of separate identity.

PMID- 1220001
TI  - Amorphosynthesis on the chess board.
AB  - Visual spatial perception difficulities on the chest board have been studied in a
      patient with a dominant hemisphere infarction. The game of chess can be useful to
      demonstrate and follow the evolution of amorphosynthesis.

PMID- 1220002
TI  - [Value and limits of the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in
      postoperative evaluation of patients with colonic and rectal carcinomas].
AB  - An attempt is made to define the usefulness and limitations of carcinoembryonic
      antigen (CEA) radioimmunoassay for evaluation of tumor resection and detection of
      tumor relapse in patients with large-bowel carcinoma. In 45 patients for whom
      complete tumor resection was reported, all but 5 showed a drop in CEA to normal
      values after surgery. The 5 patients whose CEA did not fall to below 5 ng/ml
      showed a subsequent rise in CEA level and later were all found to have a tumor
      relapse. The results indicate that an incomplete drop in circulating CEA level
      one month after surgery is a bad prognostic sign. Twenty-two of these patients
      were followed up by repeated CEA radioimmunoassay for several months after
      surgery; 8 showed a progressive increase in CEA levels preceding clinical
      diagnosis of tumor relapse by 2-10 months. The clinical history of these 8
      patients is briefly described. The results demonstrate that relapses of colon and
      rectum carcinoma can be detected by increased CEA levels months before the
      appearance of any clinical evidence.

PMID- 1220003
TI  - [Left ventricular cineangiography and echocardiography in patients with the
      mesosystolic click-telesystolic murmur syndrome].
AB  - Twenty-three patients with the midsystolic click - late systolic murmur syndrome
      were investigated by right and left heart catheterization, cineangiography and
      echocardiography. Most had symptoms such as atypical chest pain and arrhythmias.
      Except in one patient, slight to moderate mitral incompetence was present at rest
      (20 patients) or during stress testing by the infusion of aramine or rapid atrial
      pacing (2 patients). In all cases, an abnormal systolic mitral valve motion was
      found by left ventricular cineangiography. In 14 of 15 technically satisfactory
      echocardiograms a systolic prolapse of one or both mitral leaflets was observed.
      A minority of the patients had localized abnormal wall motion in the posterobasal
      area or moderate generalized hypokinesis.

PMID- 1220004
TI  - [Primary hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid gland carcinoma].
AB  - The case is reported of a 70-year-old female patient with primary
      hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid carcinoma. At the age of 66, the
      patient had symptoms of hyperparathyroidism and underwent surgery. The operation
      revealed no adenoma of the parathyroids; instead, by coincidence, a papillary
      thyroid carcinoma was discovered. The patient was operated on again 2 years
      later, and only then was a principal cell adenoma of the parathyroids found and
      removed. Bone biopsies performed at the same time revealed distinct signs of
      fibroosteoclasia as well as signs of osteomalacia, probably consequent on a
      former operation of the stomach. Four years after the first symptoms of
      hyperparathyroidism the patient died of encephalorrhagia due to a brain
      metastasis of the papillary thyroid carcinoma. Combinations of
      hyperparathyroidism with thyroid cancers are relatively frequent. In most of
      these cases the thyroid carcinoma is a medullary (calcitonin producing)
      carcinoma, whereas papillary carcinomas are rather unusual. It nevertheless seems
      to be a typical combination, although its pathogenesis is not yet clear.

PMID- 1220005
TI  - Cancer by county: new resource for etiologic clues.
AB  - Mapping of U. S. cancer mortality by county has revealed patterns of etiologic
      significance. The patterns for bladder cancer in males point to industrial
      determinants: some are known (chemical manufacturing) but others (automobile and
      machinery manufacturing) represent new leads for epidemiologic study. By
      contrast, the geographic clusters of high rates of stomach cancer in both sexes
      are consistent with ethnic susceptibility.

PMID- 1220006
TI  - Diphenylhydantoin: action of a common anticonvulsant on bursting pacemaker cells
      in Aplysia.
AB  - A commonly used anticonvulsant, diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin), decreases the
      bursting pacemaker activity in certain cells of Aplysia. Dilantin decreases this
      bursting activity whether it is endogenous to the cell or induced by a convulsant
      agent. The sodium-dependent negative resistance characteristic which is essential
      for bursting behavior is reduced in the presence of Dilantin.

PMID- 1220007
TI  - Loss of X-cells in lateral geniculate nucleus with monocular paralysis: neural
      plasticity in the adult cat.

PMID- 1220008
TI  - The need for an ethnomedical science.
AB  - Ethnomedicine is an intellectual area which embraces theoretical concerns that
      are relevant to both the social and biological sciences. The relation which
      exists between disease, social behavior, and human adaptation constitutes the
      primary subject matter of ethnomedicine. This relation is examined in terms of
      man's unique capacities for symbolization and culture. Since ethnomedical
      generalizations explain how social groups deal with a generic disease, they can
      be used to examine contemporary problems which involve the organization and
      practice of medicine as well as problems that stem from relations of the medical
      system with other subsystems in the group. Recasting contemporary social problems
      in this way may help to clarify their roots and sources (13,28). In focusing on
      fundamental properties of disease in man, ethnomedicine  can also help to clarify
      the effects and meanings of disease and thereby make its control more rational. A
      theory of disease, an ultimate aim of ethnomedical inquiry, will serve as an
      explanatory device with wide-ranging applications.

PMID- 1220009
TI  - Infrared transmittance as an alternative thermal strategy in the desert beetle
      Onymacris plana.
AB  - Elevated elytral transmittance to shortwave infrared radiation is used by the
      black diurnal desert beetle Onymacris plana to increase heat gain at the
      beginning and end of the day. Near-infrared transmittance increases the
      percentage of radiation absorptance at times of low sun angle as a result of the
      relatively greater attenuation of visible to shortwave infrared radiation by
      longer atmospheric path lengths. Visible and ultraviolet radiation are absorbed
      by the insulated elytra, facilitating heat loss by convection at times of high
      sun angle.

PMID- 1220010
TI  - Optical holographic three-dimensional ultrasonography.
AB  - Three-dimensional ultrasonograms prepared by superposition optical holography
      improves anatomical orientation and reduces the volume of data needed to study
      parenchymal organs such as breast, liver, kidney, spleen, and others. An optical
      hologram makes it possible to simultaneously view multiple planes of observations
      and see through and around structures without the superimposition of overlying
      structures. The use of pulse echo ultrasonograms results in better resolution and
      gray scale and permits multiplane viewing eliminates the geometric distortions
      present in acoustical holography.

PMID- 1220011
TI  - New flow-through centrifuge without rotating seals applied to plasmapheresis.
AB  - The flow-through centrifuge eliminates complications arising from rotating seals.
      Preliminary studies on plasmapheresis demonstrated negligible platelet injury and
      no evidence of hemolysis during 12 hours of operation. Thus the system may
      provide a broad application to cell washing and elutriation, zonal
      centrifugation, and countercurrent chromatography.

PMID- 1220012
TI  - [Methods of study for increasing the precision of plans for the standard
      requirements of the population for medical care].

PMID- 1220013
TI  - [Method of economic evaluation of disability and the rehabilitation of invalids].

PMID- 1220014
TI  - [Principal results of the fulfillment of the plan for the development of public
      health in 1974].

PMID- 1220015
TI  - [Experience in teaching problems of public health economics in departments of
      social hygiene and public health organization].

PMID- 1220017
TI  - [Status and prospects of the development of public health in Zambia].

PMID- 1220016
TI  - [Experience in the improvement of the qualifications of head physicians at rural
      hospitals].

PMID- 1220018
TI  - [Organization of cancer control and the scientific study of oncology in
      Yugoslavia].

PMID- 1220020
TI  - Biliary peritonitis due to idiopathic perforation of the common bile duct.

PMID- 1220019
TI  - Choledochal cysts.

PMID- 1220021
TI  - Fallot's tetralogy.

PMID- 1220022
TI  - Hirschsprung's disease: problems in diagnosis and management.

PMID- 1220023
TI  - The value and limitations of liver biopsy in the diagnosis of neonatal jaundice.

PMID- 1220024
TI  - The neuropathological changes in congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

PMID- 1220025
TI  - Pathological changes in the juvenile haemophilic knee.

PMID- 1220026
TI  - The influence of respiratory complications on the outcome of oesophageal atresia.

PMID- 1220028
TI  - Ocular metastases from breast carcinoma.

PMID- 1220027
TI  - Portal hypertension in a child.

PMID- 1220029
TI  - Cerebral revascularisation.

PMID- 1220030
TI  - Rupture of a subcapsular haematoma of the spleen resulting from a penetrating
      gastric ulcer.

PMID- 1220031
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of the colon.

PMID- 1220032
TI  - Passing the buckache.

PMID- 1220033
TI  - [Mortality through parasitic and infectious diseases in Mexico and its future
      projection].

PMID- 1220034
TI  - [Deaths through traffic accidents. Epidemiologic study of the trend in the
      Federal District during 1974].

PMID- 1220035
TI  - [Screening programs for breast and cervix cancer in the northern states of
      Mexico].

PMID- 1220036
TI  - [Family dietetic consumption in Ahuatepec, Morelos, Mexico].

PMID- 1220037
TI  - [Social repercussions of epilepsy. Social advice].

PMID- 1220038
TI  - [Agricultural pesticides and environmental pollution].

PMID- 1220039
TI  - [The pediatrist and family planning].

PMID- 1220040
TI  - Random temporal variation in selection intensities acting on infinite diploid
      populations: diffusion method analysis.

PMID- 1220041
TI  - Some basic elements of continuous selection models.

PMID- 1220042
TI  - The distribution of lethal allelism in finite populations.

PMID- 1220043
TI  - Wandering distributions and the electrophoretic profile.

PMID- 1220044
TI  - A model for genetic relationship in areally continous plant populations.

PMID- 1220045
TI  - The effect of spatial heterogeneity on the persistence of predator-prey
      interactions.

PMID- 1220046
TI  - Limiting similarity and the form of the competition coefficient.

PMID- 1220047
TI  - Family formation and the frequency of various kinship relationships.

PMID- 1220049
TI  - [The therapy of epidermolysis bullose hereditaria simplex].

PMID- 1220050
TI  - [The psychiatric emergency due to acute intoxication and withdrawal syndrome].

PMID- 1220048
TI  - [Social consequences of disease. The social definition of disease].

PMID- 1220051
TI  - [New results from Mycoplasma research].

PMID- 1220052
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency from status epilepticus].

PMID- 1220053
TI  - [The situation of addictions in regard to the therapeutic value of crisis and
      prevention].

PMID- 1220055
TI  - [Public and private nursing in France].

PMID- 1220056
TI  - [Alcoholism--its care and therapy].

PMID- 1220054
TI  - [The treatment of alcoholic delerium tremors and acute attacks of alcoholic toxic
      hepatitis].

PMID- 1220057
TI  - ["Cure" medicine. Challenge and chance].

PMID- 1220058
TI  - [Gestation phases and criminality in the woman].

PMID- 1220059
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of morbus Meniere].

PMID- 1220061
TI  - [Water deficiency and dehydration].

PMID- 1220062
TI  - [Recommendations for tetanus prophylaxis].

PMID- 1220060
TI  - [Peculiarities of childhood poisonings].

PMID- 1220064
TI  - [Postoperative care of total endoprostheses of the hip joint].

PMID- 1220063
TI  - [New viewpoints on oral diabetes therapy].

PMID- 1220065
TI  - [The health situation in India. Part 2].

PMID- 1220066
TI  - [Hypnosis].

PMID- 1220067
TI  - [Editorial: Surgery in general practice].

PMID- 1220068
TI  - [Anaesthesia in the surgical practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220069
TI  - [Diazepam given intravenously during reposition of fractures and luxations
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220070
TI  - [Hand infections; diagnosis, treatment and complications (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220071
TI  - [Conservative or operative treatment of fractures. Aftertreatment of operated
      fractures (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220072
TI  - [Fractures of the lower end of the radius (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220073
TI  - [Judgment and treatment of children's fractures (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220074
TI  - [Therapy of tendon lesions in general practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220075
TI  - [Judgment of "acute abdomen" in practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220076
TI  - [Paraduodenal hernia].

PMID- 1220077
TI  - [Pseudotumor form of herring worm disease].

PMID- 1220078
TI  - [Various aspects of malignant gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)].

PMID- 1220079
TI  - [Editorial: Diagnosis of liver metastases; why? When? How].

PMID- 1220080
TI  - [Results of surgical therapy of stomach carcinoma].

PMID- 1220081
TI  - [Continent colostomy].

PMID- 1220082
TI  - [Our experience with fibroscopy, biopsy and cytology in malignant stomach
      disorders].

PMID- 1220083
TI  - Catfish (Ictalurus catus) fin venom.

PMID- 1220084
TI  - Immunological studies with scorpion (Androctonus amoreuxi Aud. & Sav.) venom.

PMID- 1220086
TI  - Nephrotoxic effects of tetanus toxin: an ultrastructural study.

PMID- 1220085
TI  - Histopathological and histochemical effects of Naja haje venom on kidney tissue
      of mice.

PMID- 1220087
TI  - Electrophysiological effects of cobra cardiotoxin on rabbit heart cells.

PMID- 1220088
TI  - Carcinogenic and neurotoxic components in the cycad encephalartos altensteinii
      Lehm. (family Zamiaceae).

PMID- 1220089
TI  - Effect of heparin on the coagulant action of snake venoms.

PMID- 1220090
TI  - Central neurotoxicity of apamin, crotamin, phospholipase A and alpha-amanitin.

PMID- 1220091
TI  - Dysmella in mice after maternal Naja nigricollis envenomation: a case report.

PMID- 1220092
TI  - Effects of venom from the  scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes on some enzyme systems
      of sheep brain.

PMID- 1220093
TI  - [Prevention in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1220094
TI  - [Fetal monitoring].

PMID- 1220095
TI  - [Pregnancy and nutrition].

PMID- 1220098
TI  - [Significance of genital infections in the woman].

PMID- 1220097
TI  - [Prenatal care].

PMID- 1220096
TI  - [Prevention in obstetrics: role of medical genetics].

PMID- 1220099
TI  - [Vaginitis].

PMID- 1220100
TI  - [Pelvic infections].

PMID- 1220101
TI  - [Criteria of selection of the means of contraception for the purpose of
      prevention].

PMID- 1220103
TI  - [Hepatic effects of anovulants].

PMID- 1220102
TI  - [Program of surveillance of patients under oral contraceptives].

PMID- 1220104
TI  - [Steroid oral contraceptives and glycoregulation].

PMID- 1220105
TI  - [Prevention of hematologic complications of contraception].

PMID- 1220106
TI  - [Ocular complications of contraception].

PMID- 1220108
TI  - [Radiologic detection of breast cancer].

PMID- 1220109
TI  - [Treatment of metastatic breast cancer by transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.
      Experience of 160 cases].

PMID- 1220107
TI  - [Detection of cancer of the breast].

PMID- 1220110
TI  - [Causes of hypoxia in patients with acute renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1220111
TI  - [Some peculiarities of proteinuria in chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1220113
TI  - [Pathogenesis of the extravasation of urine into the renal sinus and the
      perinephric and periureteral cellular tissue].

PMID- 1220112
TI  - [Classification of chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1220114
TI  - [Functional state of the kidneys in patients with urolithiasis in the
      postoperative period according to the data of radioisotope and enzymological
      studies].

PMID- 1220115
TI  - [Some aspects of infectious complications during chronic hemodialysis].

PMID- 1220116
TI  - [Division of the urinary bladder into segments for improvement of the precision
      of localization of its tumors].

PMID- 1220117
TI  - [Immunological aspects of fertility disturbances in inflammatory diseases of the
      sex organs in men].

PMID- 1220118
TI  - [Role of the cytological study of puncture of the testis in the diagnosis of its
      diseases].

PMID- 1220119
TI  - [Function of the detrusor in infravesicular obstruction and in uninhibited
      cortical neurogenic bladder in children].

PMID- 1220120
TI  - [So-called inflammatory tumor of the urinary bladder].

PMID- 1220121
TI  - [Intravital study of the hemato-testicular barrier in patients with false male
      hermaphroditism by the contact fluorescence microscopy method].

PMID- 1220122
TI  - [Huge cyst of the spermatic cord passing into the retroperitoneal space].

PMID- 1220123
TI  - [Metabolism of oxalic acid in the normal state and in nephrolithiasis].

PMID- 1220124
TI  - [Influence of lasix on the distal resorption of sodium and secretion of renin by
      the kidney].

PMID- 1220125
TI  - [For the fatherland--in response to the decoration].

PMID- 1220127
TI  - [Evaluation of the statistical significance of a difference in general morbidity
      indices].

PMID- 1220126
TI  - [Role of simulation in treating medical triage problems].

PMID- 1220128
TI  - [Prevention of posttransfusional complications].

PMID- 1220129
TI  - [Surgical treatment of surface thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities].

PMID- 1220130
TI  - [Contribution of the medical service to the increased combat readiness of the
      Naval Fleet].

PMID- 1220131
TI  - [Change in myocardial hemodynamics and contractile capacity in neurocirculatory
      dystonia and thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1220132
TI  - [Modern methods of diagnosis in peptic ulcer of the duodenum].

PMID- 1220133
TI  - [Neurological and electrophysiological changes after acute peroral poisoning with
      organophosphate insecticides].

PMID- 1220134
TI  - [Validation of some treatment schemes for angina patients].

PMID- 1220136
TI  - [Functional state of the visual analyzer in radiotelegraph operators].

PMID- 1220135
TI  - [Pathochemical changes in pseudotuberculosis].

PMID- 1220138
TI  - [Work in the district on efficiency promotion and inventions].

PMID- 1220137
TI  - [Organization of medical aid for the victims of accidents at sea].

PMID- 1220139
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of traumatic fat embolism, traumatic shock and closed
      craniocerebral injury].

PMID- 1220140
TI  - [Adequate replacement of acute blood loss].

PMID- 1220142
TI  - [Party organization in the avant-garde of competition].

PMID- 1220141
TI  - [Hemodynamic indices in neurocirculatory dystonia of the hypertensive type].

PMID- 1220143
TI  - [Effect of long flights on the course of chronic lumbosacral radiculitis in
      flight staff].

PMID- 1220144
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of overheating of the body and of acute affections due to
      organophosphorus substances].

PMID- 1220145
TI  - [Ophthalmological aid at a unit medical station].

PMID- 1220147
TI  - [Effect of working environment conditions on the x-ray picture of the paranasal
      sinuses of aviation unit technical personnel].

PMID- 1220146
TI  - [Fraternal combat collaboration].

PMID- 1220148
TI  - [Accounting for the work time of the workers in military medical institutions].

PMID- 1220149
TI  - [Certain problems of radioisotope renography in children with pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1220150
TI  - [Indications for nonspecific hyposensitizing therapy of pyelonephritis in
      children].

PMID- 1220151
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of the spectrum of free amino acids of blood serum
      and urine in children with glomerulonephritis treated with prednisolone, leukeran
      and anabolic steroids].

PMID- 1220152
TI  - [Certain urgent problems of development of pediatric gynecology].

PMID- 1220153
TI  - [Lysozymuria in certain forms of diffuse glomerulonephritis in children].

PMID- 1220155
TI  - [Clinical importance of the study of total activity and spectrum of lactate
      dehydrogenase isoenzymes (LDG) in urine of children with acquired kidney
      diseases].

PMID- 1220154
TI  - [Hemodialysis in complex treatment of acute renal insufficiency in children].

PMID- 1220156
TI  - [State and function of a solitary kidney in children after nephrectomy in renal
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1220157
TI  - [Treatment of nephrotic syndrome of children with immunosuppressive agents
      (literature survey)].

PMID- 1220158
TI  - [Prenatal genetic diagnosis].

PMID- 1220159
TI  - [Role of mycoplasma infection in the clinical course of acute respiratory
      diseases according to hospital observations].

PMID- 1220160
TI  - [Interferonogenic activity of live measles vaccines].

PMID- 1220161
TI  - [Relationship between the processes of general growth and sex maturation of girls
      at different stages of puberty].

PMID- 1220162
TI  - [Progesterone content of maternal and fetal blood during labor].

PMID- 1220163
TI  - [Effect of anemia of women with rheumatic heart disease on the state of the fetus
      and newborn infant].

PMID- 1220164
TI  - [Bladder neoplasms in children].

PMID- 1220165
TI  - [Purulent meningitis in an infant, caused by Citrobacter].

PMID- 1220166
TI  - [Diagnosis of testicular feminization syndrome in children].

PMID- 1220167
TI  - [State of the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in congenital funnel
      chest in the pre- and postoperative period in children].

PMID- 1220168
TI  - [Comparative study of the dynamics of antibody titres and change in urine culture
      in children with pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1220169
TI  - [Changes in the nervous system in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1220170
TI  - [Early detection of diabetes mellitus in children].

PMID- 1220171
TI  - [HB-virus infection and the characteristics of hepatic lesions associated with it
      in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1220172
TI  - [Certain indicators of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism in children of mothers with
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1220173
TI  - [Clinical forms of diabetes mellitus in children].

PMID- 1220174
TI  - [Glucose tolerance in children with constitutional-exogenous obesity].

PMID- 1220175
TI  - [Physical and sexual development and functional activity of the gonads in healthy
      boys].

PMID- 1220176
TI  - [Typo-biological evaluation of patients with pubertal-juvenile dyspituitarism].

PMID- 1220178
TI  - [Role of steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of physiological neonatal
      jaundice].

PMID- 1220177
TI  - [Disorder of the hypophysis-adrenal cortex system in juvenile basophilism].

PMID- 1220179
TI  - [Certain data on the lipolytic activity of the adipose tissue in children].

PMID- 1220180
TI  - [State of carbohydrate metabolism in newborn infants of mothers with diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 1220181
TI  - [Effect of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy on the development of the reflex
      apparatus of the spinal cord in newborn infants].

PMID- 1220182
TI  - [Metabolism of glucocorticoid hormones in the mother and fetus].

PMID- 1220183
TI  - [General activity and isoenzymatic spectrum of aldolase in the evaluation of the
      course of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1220184
TI  - [Treatment of juvenile uterine hemorrhages with synthetic progestins].

PMID- 1220185
TI  - [Certain problems of the pathogenesis, clinical course and therapy of threatened
      abortion (to aid the practicing physician)].

PMID- 1220186
TI  - [Organization of specialized endocrinological pediatric service].

PMID- 1220187
TI  - [Toxic epidermal necrolysis in Lyell's syndrome].

PMID- 1220188
TI  - [Pathology of the organ of vision in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1220189
TI  - [Diagnostic criteria of rheumatism, designated for epidemiological studies. 2].

PMID- 1220190
TI  - [Improvement and approbation of diagnostic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1220191
TI  - [Greiling-Filchagin test, oxyproline excretion with urine and content of organ
      specific liver enzymes in blood of patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis and
      osteoarthritis deformans].

PMID- 1220192
TI  - [Diagnostic value of antigens of cell membranes of the myocardium for detection
      of the activity of rheumatic process].

PMID- 1220193
TI  - [Method of biomicroscopy of the conjunctiva vessels in the study of the
      functional state of microcirculation in patients with rheumatism].

PMID- 1220194
TI  - [Study of the indicators of cellular and humoral immunity in rheumatism treated
      with imuran].

PMID- 1220195
TI  - [Outcome of rheumatism in patients over 50 years of age (clinico-morphological
      data)].

PMID- 1220196
TI  - [Variants of inactive phase of rheumatism in children according to the results of
      polyclinical observation].

PMID- 1220197
TI  - [Work of a specialized boarding school in complex control of rheumatism in
      children (according to materials of the Donetsk district)].

PMID- 1220198
TI  - [Incidence of rheumatism among workers of metallurgical industry].

PMID- 1220199
TI  - [Statistical handling of observation results (rapid method of comparison of mean
      values)].

PMID- 1220201
TI  - [Clinico-laboratory characteristics of primary deforming osteoarthrosis].

PMID- 1220200
TI  - [Characteristics of immunological reactivity in patients with septic endocarditis
      according to lymphocyte blast-transformation method].

PMID- 1220202
TI  - [Role and tasks of occupational therapy in complex treatment of infectious
      nonspecific polyarthritis].

PMID- 1220203
TI  - [Morphological changes in the broncho-pulmonary system in agricultural
      mechanics].

PMID- 1220204
TI  - [Incidence of lung cancer in Ukraine].

PMID- 1220205
TI  - [Incidence of tuberculosis among rural population caused by contact with infected
      animals].

PMID- 1220206
TI  - [Bronchial spasm syndrome in chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1220207
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis and lesions of the respiratory organs].

PMID- 1220208
TI  - [Nicotinic acid balance in patients with syringomyelia in the course of deep
      roentgenotherapy].

PMID- 1220209
TI  - [Excretory function of the stomach in ulcer disease].

PMID- 1220210
TI  - [Treatment of lumbosacral radiculitis and brachial plexitis with balsam
      dressings].

PMID- 1220212
TI  - [Oral administration of novocaine solution for treatment of allergic
      complications of apitherapy].

PMID- 1220211
TI  - [Experience with magnetotherapy of painful neuromas of the stumps of the limbs].

PMID- 1220213
TI  - [Subacute de Quervain's thyroiditis].

PMID- 1220214
TI  - [Isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase in blood as a differential index in
      poisoning with carbaminic pesticides].

PMID- 1220215
TI  - [Determination of informative signs for prognosis of thermal resistance of man].

PMID- 1220216
TI  - [Effect of interferonogen on the nonspecific radioresistance to roentgen
      irradiation].

PMID- 1220217
TI  - [Study of autoimmune processes by means of the cyclic precipitation reaction in
      patients with viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1220218
TI  - [Gastroduodenal ulcers in patients with chronic nonspecific diseases of the
      bronchopulmonary apparatus].

PMID- 1220219
TI  - [Treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis considering certain indicators of
      disorders of oxygen metabolism].

PMID- 1220220
TI  - [Effectiveness of combined oxygen therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases of the
      biliary tract].

PMID- 1220222
TI  - [Changes of the functional state of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with
      vibration disease and in persons after long-term exposure to vibration].

PMID- 1220221
TI  - [Effect of pequocrin on the changes of exocrine function of the pancreas in
      chronic cholecystitis].

PMID- 1220224
TI  - [Treatment of recurrent nephrolithiasis].

PMID- 1220223
TI  - [Use of selenium preparations in treatment of acute experimental liver
      dystrophy].

PMID- 1220225
TI  - [Basal metabolism in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and isolated
      urinary syndrome].

PMID- 1220227
TI  - [Pituitary obesity associated with abnormalities of the kidneys and adrenal
      glands and cancer of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1220226
TI  - [Effect of Naftusia mineral water on kidney function in patients with chronic
      pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1220228
TI  - [Rate of globin synthesis by nuclear erythroid cells in vitro in nephrogenic
      anemia].

PMID- 1220229
TI  - [Use of certain preparations of gamma-aminobutyric acid in diseases of the
      nervous system].

PMID- 1220230
TI  - [Hypotensive effect of combination of reserpine and papaverine].

PMID- 1220231
TI  - [Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive disease and
      arteriosclerotic myocardioslcerosis complicated by chronic circulatory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1220232
TI  - [Activity of blood serum monoamine oxidase in hypertensive disease associated
      with circulatory disorders].

PMID- 1220233
TI  - [Stomach cancer and estrogenic disorders].

PMID- 1220234
TI  - [Indicators of the carbohydrate-phosphorus and electrolyte metabolism of blood in
      transitory disorders of cerebrovascular circulation].

PMID- 1220235
TI  - [State of the lesser circulation according to criteria of the euphyllin test].

PMID- 1220236
TI  - [Effect of cetamiphen on coagulative properties of blood in patients with
      coronary arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1220237
TI  - [Amino acid composition of blood serum in chronic circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 1220238
TI  - [Orthostatic tolerance in chronic ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1220239
TI  - [Certain cytochemical indicators of functional activity of neutrophils in
      patients with lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1220240
TI  - [Role of the spleen in tumors and leukemias (literature survey)].

PMID- 1220241
TI  - [Certain clinical variants of vascular lesions in rheumatism].

PMID- 1220242
TI  - [Immunologic reactions in relation to surgical treatment of ulcer disease].

PMID- 1220243
TI  - [Diagnostic criteria of activity of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1220244
TI  - [Post-thrombophlebitic syndrome of diverse etiology and pathomorphological
      characteristics of deep main veins of the lower limbs].

PMID- 1220245
TI  - [Study of viremia in experimental neuroviral infections].
AB  - Study of viremia in susceptible experimental animals showed all the blood
      fractions to take part in the infectious process both in acute diseases and in
      the chronic course of infections caused by various neuroviruses. Thus in animals
      infected with human acute encephalomyelitis, tick-borne encephalitis, lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis viruses viremia was observed throughout the entire short period
      of infection terminating fatally, as a rule. In such cases viremia was of a mixed
      character, the viruses being found in all blood fractions. The intensity of
      viremia and the degree of involvement of plasm and blood cell elements into the
      infectious process may depend upon the animal species, virus strains, form of the
      disease (acute, chronic). In chronic encephalomyelitis in rats and guinea pigs
      infected with human acute encephalomyelitis virus viremia are observed for two
      years (the observation period). In chronic encephalomyelitis blood cells were
      more actively involved in the infectious process. Virus was found in leukocytes
      and erythrocytes more frequently than in plasm, though the total amount of virus
      in the blood was much lower than that in the acute form of this disease.
      Sequential multiple passages of AEM virus from the blood to the brain in
      experiments with some strains resulted in intensive viremia thereby demonstrating
      the possibility of AEM adaptation to the blood tissue.

PMID- 1220246
TI  - [Development of optimal conditions for isolation of rhinoviruses].
AB  - When 366 dispensary patients with respiratory diseases were examined in Moscow
      during the period December 1969--May 1971, 49 strains of rhinoviruses were
      isolated out of which 21 strains were identified as type 48. Using Eagle's medium
      with a single set of amino acids and vitamins for isolation rhinoviruses were
      isolated in 4.7% of cases, empdoying Eagle's medium with a double set of amino
      acids and vitamins in 16% of cases. Virus isolation experiments were carried out
      in HeLa-Bristol cell cultures and diploid strain of skin-muscle cells KM-13-70 in
      the presence of 30 mM MgCl2 and 2% aminopeptide. The isolation rate of
      rhinoviruses in both the cell cultures was approximately similar. The average
      duration of time for isolation of rhinoviruses in diploid cells was 13.4 days, in
      HeLa-Bristol cells 15 days. All rhinovirus strains were isolated within 3
      passages. In addition to rhinoviruses, from the same group of patients 25
      Coxsackie A-21 strains, 12 adenovirus strains and 2 herpesvirus strains were
      isolated using Eagle's medium with double set of amino acids and vitamins.

PMID- 1220247
TI  - [Pathogenicity of Aedes aegypti L. mosquito densonucleosis virus to larvae of
      other species of blood-sucking mosquitoes].
AB  - Laboratory studies established that A. aegypti mosquito virus of densonucleosis
      was infectious for larvae of A. caspius dorsalis, A. vexans, A. cinereus and C.
      pipiens pipiens caught in natural water bodies. Death rates of Aedes and Culex
      larvae experimentally were 46.3% on the average, while in control groups 19.7%.
      The external appearance of virus-infected larvae and pathological changes in
      nuclei of the cells of the fat body were identical to those previously described
      in A. aegypti larvae affected with densonucleosis.

PMID- 1220248
TI  - [Factors determining the antigenic activity of tissue cultures from arbovirus
      infected diagnostic specimens].
AB  - Formation of arbovirus group A and B antigens is influenced significantly by the
      number of cells, time of monolayer growth before inoculation, the time of maximum
      accumulation of hemagglutinins, the infectious dose, the growth and maintenance
      medium composition, the autointerfering activity of the viruses and their
      sensitivity to tissue inhibitors. The stability of the hemagglutinating and
      complement-fixing properties of arbovirus diagnostic preparations does not depend
      upon the degree of concentration (7-12-fold) and the amount of the stabilizer (2
      4%), and storage of group A diagnostic preparations in ampoules under vacuum or
      in ampoules sealed with air for 2-3 1/2 years (the observation period) does not
      influence their antigenic activity.

PMID- 1220249
TI  - [Preparative isolation of A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) virus hemagglutinin].
AB  - Hemagglutinin of A/Hong Kong/1/68 virus was isolated by electrophoresis in
      acetate-cellulose of a recombinant 12/13 (H3N1) strain destroyed by sodium
      dodecyl sulphate. Electron microscope examinations were carried out and molecular
      weights of hemagglutinin polypeptides were determined. A monospecific serum
      containing no antibody to neuraminidase was prepared.

PMID- 1220250
TI  - [Use of mathematical experimental design methods for finding optimal conditions
      for obtaining primary cell cultures].

PMID- 1220252
TI  - [Mosaic disease virus of Duranta flowers].

PMID- 1220251
TI  - [RNA transcriptase activity of a defective influenza virus].

PMID- 1220254
TI  - [Treatment of central diabetes insipidus with a combination of chlorpropamide and
      carbamazepine (author's transl)].
AB  - Three patients suffering from central (=neurohormonal) diabetes insipidus were
      treated with chlorpropamide and carbamazepine simultaneously. This therapy with a
      combination of the two drugs was based on the aim of getting a good antidiuretic
      effect when the centrally-stimulating carbamazepine was combined with the
      peripherally-potentiating chlorpropamide; it was hoped, too, that the side
      effects of these two drugs, especially the chlorpropamide-induced hypoglycaemia,
      could be avoided by administration at low dosage. This combined drug therapy
      proved effective in all three cases: the good antidiuretic effect of
      chlorpropamide at high dosage is impaired by hypoglycaemia; the combination of
      carbamazepine allowed the dosage of chlorpropamide to be decreased without
      impairment of the obtained antidiuretic effect and with avoidance of
      hypoglycaemia and other side effects. Hence, the combination of chlorpropamide
      and carbamazepine seems to be recommendable in the treatment of central forms of
      diabetes insipidus in childhood.

PMID- 1220253
TI  - [The HL-A system in cases of disputed paternity with regard to the value of proof
      (percentage accuracy) (author's transl)].
AB  - The practical experience in 33 cases of disputed paternity (34 children; 26 cases
      with only one accused man, 7 cases with more than one) in regard to the HL-A
      system to find nonpaternity is compared with 18 conventional hereditary systems
      used in paternity cases. The high efficiency of HL-A for the biostatistical
      calculation of the probability of paternity (Essen-Moller formula) is also
      demonstrated. The mode of inheritance of the HL-A system is well known (maximal
      error below 1 per cent), which means that the value of proof (percentage
      accuracy) in disputed paternity cases is 99 per cent. The value of proof,
      however, is increased if, in a certain case, the nonpaternity is also found in
      another hereditary blood group system.

PMID- 1220255
TI  - [The choice of vaccine for post partum rubella vaccination (author's transl)].
AB  - Meruvax vaccine was compared with Cendevax in post partum rubella vaccination.
      The obstetricians in Vienna routinely use the Cendevax vaccine at present. In
      accordance with an earlier study on Almevax, the third vaccine available in
      Austria, the results with Meruvax were slightly better than with Cendevax.
      However, this is possibly due to a longer period of storage of the vaccine used
      in mass vaccination programmes. Hence, the three vaccines should be tested under
      the same practical conditions to decide which vaccine should be used routinely.

PMID- 1220256
TI  - [Indications for the surgical treatment of so-called idiopathic spontaneous
      pneumothorax (author's transl)].
AB  - Of 93 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax treated between 1969 and 1974, only
      23 cases were managed surgically. The criteria for surgical intervention are
      discussed and the most important indications are summarized as follows:
      unsuccessful drainage over 10 to 14 days, recurrence of pneumothorax affecting
      the same lung, dangerous complications such as haemothorax, incipient
      inflammation et. The general conformity with examples taken from the literature
      is demonostrated.

PMID- 1220257
TI  - [Operative therapy of ovaria carcinoma (author's transl)].
AB  - 125 women with ovarian carcinoma were surgically treated during the years 1968 to
      1973. The 5-year survival rate was 39.1%. Operative management is the treatment
      of choice, whereby complete extirpation of the reproductive organy and the
      omentum should be attempted. Whilst there is no difference in the survival rate
      of stage I cases treated by the radical as compared with the partial operative
      procedure, a significant difference is seen in the remaining stages. A
      conservative operation should only be carried out provided the "healthy" ovary is
      simultaneously biopsied. In spite of the fact that the survival rate is dependent
      on other factors there can be no doubt that the pre-eminence of operation in the
      treatment of ovarian cancer.

PMID- 1220258
TI  - [Studies in the diagnosis of breast disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The relative diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination, mammography,
      thermography and ultrasound was investigated in a comparative study. Mammography
      proved to be the most accurate diagnostic method, followed by clinical
      examination, thermography and ultrasound. Whereas in cases of advanced cancer (T2
      to T4 tumour diameter greater than 2 cm) the correct diagnosis was made most
      reliably by clinical examination, mammography  was superior to all other
      procedures in T1 tumours and in impalpable tumours. In our opinion thermography
      and ultrasound should be excluded for routine use or as a screening test because
      of the high false negative results. It is, however, noteworthy, that small
      intraparenchymal cysts can be detected and localized by ultrasound in a very high
      percentage of cases.

PMID- 1220259
TI  - [Paediatrics--child-psychiatry--"heilpadagogik" (author's transl)].
AB  - "Heilpadagogik" is of greater importance in Austria than in other countries: it
      includes the medical assessment of cerebral and functional disturbances of child
      behavior but also the mainly pedagogic therapy of the disturbances. In Austria
      the majority of doctors working in this field are originally paediatricians. A
      confrontation with child-psychiatry, a mutual exchange of experiences, a
      comparison of the working methods is aimed at.

PMID- 1220260
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in massive adrenal haemorrhage in the newborn (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Massive adrenal haemorrhage in the newborn frequently presents as an abdominal
      mass and is difficult to diagnose when this is the sole clinical feature. Surgery
      is indicated for the diagnosis and treatment of those cases in which a malignant
      tumour cannot be ruled out from the X-ray appearance with certainty. 3 cases are
      discussed in respect to clinical signs and the differential diagnosis of adrenal
      calcification in infancy is briefly mentioned in this connexion.

PMID- 1220261
TI  - [Congenital Agranulocytosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The rare clinical picture of congenital agranulocytosis is described and its
      differential diagnosis from other forms of chronic neutropenia discussed on the
      basis of a case report of an infant followed up over a period of 3 years.
      Characteristic features of the agranulocytosis are inhibited maturation of the
      neutrophils (only as far as the promyelocyte and immature myelocyte stage), in
      conjunction with a normal or elevated level of eosinophil granulocytes.
      Erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis are found to be normal; plasmocytes,
      monocytes and lymphocytes are increased. The consequence of permanent infections
      is sometimes an excessive hypergammaglobulinaemia. This fact, in combination with
      the phagocytic activity of the monocytoid cells, enables these children, once out
      of infancy, to overcome even severe infections much more successfully than would
      be anticipated from the changes in the white blood picture.

PMID- 1220263
TI  - [Ultrasound B-scan in Splenomegaly].
AB  - Examples demonstrate how by combination of transversal and longitudinal sections
      splenomegaly may be prooved. This is an important help in differential diagnosis
      of the enlarged spleen.

PMID- 1220262
TI  - [The neurological investigation of newborn infants as selection criterium in the
      early detection of infantile cerebral palsy].
AB  - The development of 131 infants at risk was followed up at three-month intervals
      during the first year of life. In mature babies positive neurological findings in
      the newborn period corresponded closely with the development of infantile
      cerebral palsy. 89% of the infants who subsequently developed cerebral palsy
      showed pathological signs in the newborn period. However, abnormal postnatal
      neurological findings were also observed in 26% of the infants showing normal
      development. No such correlation was demonstrable in regard to the premature
      infants. This is probably a consequence of the numerous pitfalls in the
      neurological evaluation of premature babies. Only those mature babies showing
      abnormal neurological signs in the newborn period should be alloted to an at-risk
      group in respect to the development of cerebral palsy. Premature infants should
      be included, irrespective of the neurological findings.

PMID- 1220264
TI  - [Results of the exercise (ergometer) test as a diagnostic screening procedure in
      children with short stature].
AB  - The so-called Exercise Test of Lacey and coworkers (1973) is based on the fact
      that a functioning pituitary can be stimulated by physical exercise. The test was
      performed in 28 children of short stature as an out-patient screening test. The
      results were satisfactory since a growth-hormone deficiency could be excluded in
      70% of the cases. The convenience of this test, which entails the investigation
      of only two blood samples, is stressed in respect to paediatric practice.

PMID- 1220266
TI  - [Results of mammography combined with selected needle biopsy (author's transl)].
AB  - A compression tube with holes is used to detect small, non-palpable changes in
      the breast. The holes show on X-ray of the breast. Densifications of 5 mm, and
      even smaller at different levels of the gland may be punctured and aspirated with
      a double canula through the holes of the tube. It is possible to control the
      correct course of the aspiration needle with an X-ray contrast medium. In the
      same way the position of a small tumour can be marked with a dye. Amongst 85
      carcinomas of the breast there were 5 preinvasive tumours. 3 of these were only
      diagnosed following X-ray-controlled needle biopsy and cytological examination.

PMID- 1220265
TI  - [Pharmacokinetic and chemical investigations in children after oral
      administration of lidaprim (author's transl)].
AB  - Lidaprim, a new bactericidal combination of trimethoprim and sulfametrol, was
      administered to 20 patients of a paediatric surgical ward over a period of 7 or
      more days. Analytic determination of plasma and urine concentrations of the
      chemotherapeutic agent showed homogeneous drug levels at the chosen dosage. No
      cumulation was observed. Drug tolerance was excellent. Only one patient developed
      urticaria when the substance was given together with penicillin, but it was not
      necessary to stop medication in this case.

PMID- 1220267
TI  - [The diagnosis and surgical treatment of recurrent cervical carcinoma (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A report is presented of 6 surgically-treated cases of recurrent cervical
      carcinoma. Two of the patients have survived and remained free from
      gynaecological or urological symptoms or signs for more than four years.

PMID- 1220268
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulin levels in women fitted with a copper T intrauterine
      contraceptive device (author's transl)].
AB  - Serum concentrations of the immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and IgA were assayed by
      single radial immunodiffusion in 37 women before insertion of Copper T IUD and 6
      to 12 months subsequently. There was a tendency towards an increase in immuno
      globulin levels with the IUD in situ, but the results were not of statistical
      significance.

PMID- 1220269
TI  - [Investigations on the immune status of operated and irradiated cases of cervical
      and breast cancer I. immune status before and after surgery of cancer of the
      cervix, stages I b and II a(author's transl)].
AB  - 12 patients were investigated in regard to their state of humoral immunity by
      means of the following determinations: IgG, IgM, and IgA concentrations in the
      serum, hetero- and isoagglutinins, tetanus antitoxin before and after
      immunization with toxoid measles antibodies and the percentage of lymphocytes
      with membrane fluorescence. The cellular immunity was investigated in some
      patients with determination of the percentage of spontaneously-rosetting
      lymphocytes, of the DNCB skin-test reactivity before and after sensitization with
      DNCB and of skin-test reactivity to candida, trichophyton, varidase, OT and
      staphylo antigen. The functional efficiency of polymorphonuclear leucocytes was
      investigated by means of the NBT test and Staph. aureus, E. coli and Latex
      particles. All investigations were performed before, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks
      after surgery. 4 methods only amongst the entire spectrum employed in the
      investigation proved to give sufficient evidence of signs of decreased efficiency
      of the immune response in the investigated patients: determination of tetanus
      antitoxin before and after immunization, a distinct increase in titre being
      observed only in 5 cases, determination of the sensitization to DNCB, which was
      positive only in 4 cases and determination of skin-test reactivity to varidase
      and OT, which was found to be less frequently positive than in controls. However,
      all these reactions showed no evidence of any correlation to surgical management
      and appeared merely to reflect characteristic responses of these cancer patients.
      Moreover, with the exception of the decrease in lymphocytes, no changes were
      detected in the data obtained by the other methods used in this study which might
      show some reflection of an alteration in response following surgery.

PMID- 1220270
TI  - [Conformity of the crystallization in dried smears of human secretions (authors
      transl)].
AB  - This paper first reviews the relatively abundant literature on crystallization
      phenomena in human secretions, then our experiments, aimed at artificial
      imitation, are discussed. Threadlike crystals appear when the inorganic share of
      the solution shows 530mg% NaCl and 70mg% KCl and the organic one either 34mg%
      hyaluronic acid or 200 to 500mg% glucose. By overstepping the concentration limit
      of glucose or human albumin, crystallization can be prevented. The prevention of
      crystallization by proteins might gain some significance in diagnostic cytology
      as a primitive method to analyse colloid semiquantitatively.

PMID- 1220271
TI  - [Aminolcevulinic acid excretion in women before and after delivery and in their
      newborn infants (authors transl)].
AB  - A report is given on the excretion of variation of-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) as
      an index of the lead load in pregnant women at term and at one and also at four
      weeks after delivery in both mothers and the newborn infants. The mean values in
      women were 7.2 + 3.7 before delivery 9.0 + 4.1 one week and 4.1mg ALA/1 urine
      four weeks after delivery; mean values of 5.2 + 3.2 one week after birth and 2.2
      + 1.0 mg ALA/1 urine four weeks after birth were recorded in the newborn infants,
      according to the method of Davis and Andelman. Two groups were set up: mothers
      coming from the rural environs of Vienna and mothers living in the centre of the
      city. The ALA excretion was 14% lower in the former group (20% four weeks post
      partum) as compared with the mothers living in the city. When these data are
      considered against a threshold value of 10 ALA/1 urine (set up by the
      "Hauptverband der Berufsgenossenschafen", Bonn, West Germany, using the same
      method) the mean value of 9.0mg ALA/1 urine (with individual values of up to
      17.4mg ALA/1 urine) in mothers one week after delivery already seems extremely
      serious.

PMID- 1220272
TI  - [A case report of caesarian section carred out under electroanasthesia (authors
      transl)].
AB  - The case is reported of a 19 year-old patient in whom Caesarian section was
      successfully performed under combined method of anaesthesia. Square waves, which
      consist of high frequency impulses were transmitted to the cerebrum, and in
      addition, a 50:50 nitrous oxide and oxygen gas mixture was administered to the
      patient. The intraoperative condition of the patient was satisfactory. No
      reactions to pain were seen, as judged from constant observation of the blood
      pressure, pulse rate, colour of the face, pupils and the condition of the body
      extremities.

PMID- 1220273
TI  - [The detection of the carcinoma in situ of the cervix of the uterus and of the
      invasive carcinoma of the cervix of the uterus (author's transl)].
AB  - Report of the detection of 203 cases (87 of a carcinoma in situ of the cervix of
      the uterus, 116 of carcinoma of the uterus) out of 7769 cytologically examined
      patients at the ob.-gyn. deptm. of the Hospital Vienna-Lainz (Austria). The
      accuracy of cytology with respect to the detection of the carcinoma of the
      cervix: 95%. The importance of a gynecological examination performed at least
      once a year together with a cytological test and the examination of the breast is
      hereby stressed.

PMID- 1220274
TI  - [Ectopic ureterocoele and its treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - An ectopic ureterocele is a congenital ballooning of the submucosal part of an
      extopic ureter in the bladder. It is a relatively common anomaly, usually
      presenting in childhood. The anatomy, functional pathology, and the clinical
      symptoms of this disease are described. The authors present a series of 15 cases
      seen over a 4-year period, 3 patients being adults. Diagnostic and therapeutic
      problems of this anomaly are discussed in the light of the reported cases.

PMID- 1220275
TI  - [Placental function and foetal lung maturity (author's transl)].
AB  - The placental function and foetal lung maturity were simultaneously assessed
      before delivery in 48 high-risk pregnancies, the actual time varying from case to
      case. A statistically significant correlation was found between placental
      function and foetal lung maturity. Since the actual time of investigation often
      lay back several weeks before delivery, no significant connection was detected
      between the state of foetal lung maturity at the time of amniocentesis and the
      clinical picture in respect to lung maturity of the infant at birth. The
      discrepancy is tabulated and possible causative factors are discussed.

PMID- 1220276
TI  - [Isolation of a third human urokinase (S0 type)].
AB  - By means of gel diffusion on Sephadex G-150 and isoelectric focusing, a third
      type of urokinase (S0 type, molecular weight 22,000) was isolated from a
      commercial urokinase preparation. This urokinase of low molecular weight can be
      found in the free state or in form of a complex with the S1 type (molecular
      weight 32,000) thus yielding the S2 type (molecular weight 54,000). By
      isoelectric fucusing, the latter type can be split into the S0 and S1 types.

PMID- 1220277
TI  - [Latent diabetes mellitus as a risk factor in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1220278
TI  - [Pathologic-anatomical findings in the respiratory tract of children who died in
      childbirth].

PMID- 1220279
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of circulation disorders of the spinal cord].

PMID- 1220280
TI  - [Prerequisites for the management of newborn infants from the neonatologist's
      viewpoint].

PMID- 1220282
TI  - [Exclusion of paternity prospects and their interpretation].

PMID- 1220281
TI  - [Pathologic liver tests during low carbohydrate diet].

PMID- 1220283
TI  - [Hormone therapy for the aging woman].

PMID- 1220284
TI  - [The problem of the early diagnosis of brain tumors in children].

PMID- 1220285
TI  - [Scintigraphic presentation of bone metastases in prostatic carcinoma].

PMID- 1220286
TI  - [Contact allergy in eczema of the foreleg].

PMID- 1220287
TI  - [Depression and memory].

PMID- 1220288
TI  - [Progress in surgery of the occiput of the cranium].

PMID- 1220289
TI  - [The radiation load in lumbosacral radiculography].

PMID- 1220290
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of idiopathic cyst ot the common bile duct].

PMID- 1220291
TI  - [New aspects of occupational near-deafness].

PMID- 1220292
TI  - ["Hairspray alveolitis"].

PMID- 1220293
TI  - [EEG changes in antabus hypersensitivity (antabus psychoses)].

PMID- 1220294
TI  - [Correlations between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer and the effect of
      chemotherapy on tumor growth].

PMID- 1220295
TI  - [EEG changes during fasting].

PMID- 1220296
TI  - [Complications after smallpox vaccination].

PMID- 1220297
TI  - [Incidence and significance of parasitic infections in foreign workers].

PMID- 1220298
TI  - [Therapeutic indications for iodine balneotherapy of the eyes at the Bad Hall
      health resort].

PMID- 1220300
TI  - [Surgical treatment of circular cicatricial tracheal stenoses].

PMID- 1220299
TI  - [Immunoglobulins in patients with ovarian cancer. I].

PMID- 1220301
TI  - [Spirographic evaluation of obstructive ventilation disorders].

PMID- 1220302
TI  - [Unusual abdominal complications in primary hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 1220303
TI  - [Demonstration of Siderocapsaceae in natural habitats].

PMID- 1220304
TI  - Biochemical studies on the fermentative production of puromycin by Streptomyces
      alboniger.

PMID- 1220305
TI  - [Psychiatric psychological findings in functional dysphonias].

PMID- 1220306
TI  - [Radiological methods in malignant lymphomas].

PMID- 1220307
TI  - [Analysis and interpretation of the registration of work incapacity in a large
      optical industry].

PMID- 1220308
TI  - [Active rehabilitation of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1220309
TI  - [Interpretation of a standardized supplemental document to the case record of
      hospitalized cases of appendicitis].

PMID- 1220310
TI  - [The problem of international comparability of statistical data with special
      reference to maternal mortality].

PMID- 1220311
TI  - [The variability of genetic disease entities and its meaning for diagnosis,
      therapy and genetic prognosis. I. Genetic basis for the heterogeneity of
      monogenic hereditary diseases].

PMID- 1220312
TI  - [Diabetes and diabetology in the SFR Yugoslavia--impressions on a study trip
      1973].

PMID- 1220313
TI  - [The therapy of chronic unspecific lung diseases].

PMID- 1220314
TI  - [Analysis of the prognosis for operated melanocytoblastomas].

PMID- 1220315
TI  - [The bullous reaction to Rheunervol].

PMID- 1220316
TI  - [The role of ergotheraphy as an activating form of therapy in rheumatology].

PMID- 1220317
TI  - [Hemocultures].

PMID- 1220318
TI  - [The pharao-ant and its successful control in hospitals].

PMID- 1220319
TI  - [Preventive diagnosis of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1220320
TI  - [Experiences with a gynecological anamnesis questionnaire].

PMID- 1220321
TI  - [First experiences in a 2 year knee joint dispensary].

PMID- 1220322
TI  - [The role of the practical education during medical studies for the formation of
      socialistic physician personalities].

PMID- 1220323
TI  - [Diagnosis of peripheral arterial circulation disorders in diabetics].

PMID- 1220325
TI  - [Geronto surgical experiences on the value of and on the own surgical technical
      variation of Billroth 1].

PMID- 1220326
TI  - [The effectiveness of influenza vaccination].

PMID- 1220324
TI  - [Behavior of blood pressure during oral hormonal anticonception].

PMID- 1220327
TI  - [A possibility for the prevention of recurrences in infections of the efferent
      urinary pathways].

PMID- 1220328
TI  - [Marginal conditions and requirements of a future-oriented medical education and
      continuing education of physician].

PMID- 1220329
TI  - [Transsexualism].

PMID- 1220330
TI  - [Reply to the paper by Jandel and Franke: "Portal vein thrombosis following
      ovulation inhibitors" in "Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, " vol. 69
      (1975), issue 5, pp. 265-266].

PMID- 1220331
TI  - [Comments on H. Harych et. al.: "Suggestion for the improvement of the
      operational structure of statinary health care in the German Democratic
      Republic,"  published in "Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbilung" vol. 69 (1975),
      issue 1, pp. 29-36].

PMID- 1220332
TI  - [Dupuytren's contracture and trauma].

PMID- 1220333
TI  - [Emergencies in diseases of the respiratory tract].

PMID- 1220334
TI  - [Acute respiratory insufficiency and its treatment].

PMID- 1220335
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of dyspnea--special viewpoints for juveniles].

PMID- 1220336
TI  - [The acute abdomen from the surgical viewpoint].

PMID- 1220337
TI  - [Internal-medical supplement to Schmauss' lecture on "Acute abdomen"].

PMID- 1220338
TI  - [Acute hemorrhage from the female genitals].

PMID- 1220339
TI  - [Injuries in the female genital region].

PMID- 1220340
TI  - [Abdominal emergencies in gynecology].

PMID- 1220341
TI  - [Obstetrical emergencies, concerning the mother].

PMID- 1220342
TI  - [Obstetrical emergencies, concerning the child].

PMID- 1220344
TI  - [Fundamental problems on the care of patients with permanent artificial pacemaker
      therapy].
AB  - In the GDR the number of patients with pacemakers increases with about 900 new
      implantations each year. The further decentralisation of the care of patients
      with pacemakers proposed by the team pacemaker therapy demands the inclusion of
      more physicians into the care of these patients. The pacemaker systems used at
      present in the GDR are described as well as the practical approach in the control
      of the function of the pacemakers is discussed. In the figures typical
      electrocardiographic pictures of various models of pacemakers are demonstrated.

PMID- 1220343
TI  - [Emergencies in urology].

PMID- 1220345
TI  - [Program for the calculation of several contractility parameters on a micro
      calculator].
AB  - In order to determine the valency of different parameters of contractility, these
      shall be compared on certain conditions in the animal experiment. For this is
      necessary the evaluation of a large number of pressure curves of the left
      ventricle. When a micro-calculating-machine is present, this can carry out the
      evaluation, the course of the pressure which is to be evaluated is only to be
      given into the calculating machine punctually. The paper describes a programme
      for the hp-micro-calculating-machine 9810 A.

PMID- 1220346
TI  - [The clinical value of the hydroxyproline excretion in 24 hour urine compared to
      other laboratory diagnostic parameters in ankylopoietic spondylarthritis].
AB  - Hydroxyproline provable in the urine of man is regarded as indicator of the
      collagen metabolism. In 40 patients with ankylopoietic spondylarthritis the
      excretion of hydroxyproline in the 24-hour-urine was determined with the help of
      Stegemann's method. With 27.5 mg for the total hydroxyproline and 2.6 mg for the
      free hydroxyproline in the group of patients statistically significantly higher
      values were established than in a comparative group of 52 persons (20.1 or 0.6
      mg, respectively). In patients with higher activity of the process
      (anamnestically, clinically) the excretions were larger than in patients with
      lower activity. That in this reflects also the temporary factor is to be
      concluded from the higher excretion rate in patients with a shorter duration of
      the disease and a low rate with a longer course. In comparison to the
      insignificant diagnostic relevancy of other acute-phase-reactions (BSR, CRP,
      number of leukozytes, blood protein fractions) from this results the conclusion
      that the determination of hydroxyproline may be used for the diagnostics of
      activity and also for the early diagnostics. By the temporary and technical
      material expenditure, however, its use is limited in the routine practice.

PMID- 1220347
TI  - [Permeability enhancement by exudates: 1. Demonstration of high-molecular
      substances in the animal model].
AB  - By means of ultracentrifugation, gel chromatography and polyacryl amide
      electrophoresis the peritoneal exudates of the rabbit, which increased the
      permeability of animal membranes, were separated. Among the highly molecular
      fractions two regions were found, which possessed an activity increasing
      permeation. Following the chromatographic separation of exudates of the rabbit,
      which did not reveal an activity increasing permeation, were also found two
      regions with an activity increasing permeation. The cuases for the activation
      during the separation process are discussed.

PMID- 1220348
TI  - [Alanineaminopeptidase excretion in the urine and osmotic neophropathy. Studies
      on the diagnostic meaning and pathophysiology of elevated alanineaminopeptidase
      excretion after use of radiologic contrast media for the kidneys].
AB  - In patients with several internal diseases the percental change of the excretion
      of the alanine aminopeptidase with the urine 18--20 hours after intravenous
      injection of the X-ray contrast medium Visotrast going through the kidneys
      correlates with the change after infusion of Mannitol (r = 0.98, p less than
      0.001) and of Dextran (r = 0.82, p less than 0.01). The osmotic nephropathy is to
      be regarded as a common cause of an increased enzyme excretion, which appears
      after application of hypertonic solutions especially in preexisting renal
      diseases. While the excretion of alanine aminopeptidase in persons with healthy
      kidneys changes only unessentially, in patients with diffuse nephropathies after
      the application of these drugs there appear diagnostically relevant increases of
      excretion.

PMID- 1220349
TI  - [Toxoplasma gondii infection in the inhabitants of the city of Dresden].
AB  - After a description of modern knowledge of the biology and epidemiology of
      toxoplasma gondii the author enters into the affection in Dresden inhabitants.
      Males as well as females at the age of 16 to 60 years are infected on the average
      at 74%. The most frequently affected age groups are the 41-year-old to 50-year
      old persons. IFAR-titres to 80 are very frequently to be found in clinically
      healthy probands and, as a rule, plead for the existence of a latent toxoplasma
      affection. Titre values of more than 80 should always give rise to repeated
      examinations.

PMID- 1220350
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of the aortic arch syndrome].
AB  - With the aid of the complexes of principle signs of the pulseless disease, the
      cerebrovascular insufficiency and the ischaemic-brachialgiformous symptomatology
      the different basic diseases, which are to be taken into consideration
      differential-diagnostically in a large number can clearly be recognized. With the
      cerebrovascular insufficiency compete intracranial organic processes and
      reductions of the volume of the cardiac output. In the brachialgiformous
      ischaemic syndrome further angiopathies, neurovascular syndromes of the shoulder
      girdle, nervously caused pain in the arm and a series of other very different
      starting-points must finally be taken into consideration. By means of a good
      interdisciplinary cooperation a clarification can be achieved also in difficult
      situations.

PMID- 1220351
TI  - [Transient infarct-like ECG findings in cholecystectomy].
AB  - It is reported on the appearance of transient infarction-like
      electrocardiographic changes in a 49-year-old female patient which developed
      during a cholecystectomy after cardiac arrest due to a considerable loss of
      blood. The ECG normalised within 7 minutes, neither accompained nor followed by
      any pathologic ion displacements in the systemic blood or by enzyme changes (GOT,
      GPT).

PMID- 1220352
TI  - [A contribution to acute glutethimide (Elrodorm) intoxication].
AB  - Following a short discussion of hitherto known facts about glutethimid
      intoxications, two own cases are described. In these cases minimal amounts (2.5
      and 5 g) caused haemorrhagic diatheses and acute insufficiency of the liver,
      which in one case were combined with acute renal insufficiency. Possible causes
      are discussed.

PMID- 1220353
TI  - [Studies on plasma lipids as affected by oral hormonal contraceptives].
AB  - In 75 fertile women with healthy metabolism the influence of the oestrogen
      gestagen-combination preparation ovosiston on the lipid fractions free fatty
      acids and free glycerin was tested. In a highly significant increase of glycerin
      an excessive amount of the free fatty acids could not be ascertained
      statistically.

PMID- 1220354
TI  - [A comparative follow up study about intellectual and motoric development of
      breech presentations (author's transl)].
AB  - 75 breech- and 71 cephalic deliveries between the years 1965-1970 at the
      University Clinic, Mannheim, were later examined in their 3 rd. to 7 th. years of
      life with respect to intelligence and motor developments. Mean intelligence
      quotient (IQ) of breech deliveries was 109, cephalic deliveries 110. The IQ was
      correlated with following other criteria: lie, age and parity of the mother, EPH
      Gestose, methods of delivery, course and duration of labor, first Apgar score,
      weight of infant, bilirubin concentration, suspect cerebral damage and morbidity
      between discharge and recall for examinations. No significant differences in
      intelligence or motor development were found between the two groups of children.

PMID- 1220355
TI  - [Ultrasound in obstetrics. Marking sheets, documentation, programming of
      summative data. Translation of code into full text (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on system of documentation and electronic data analysis of results of
      ultrasound examinations as used for 5 years at the obstetric department of Bonn
      University. Special marking sheets were used for primary data collection. Storage
      and analysis were handled with the author's own programming language SEQAS
      (Voigt, 1971). The system has worked well. 4 types of sheets used for coding are
      shown and program examples given.

PMID- 1220356
TI  - [Assays of placenta-iso-enzyme of alkaline serum-phosphatase with disk
      elektrophoresis (author's transl)].
AB  - Alkaline serum-phosphatase may be subdivided with disk-electrophoresis in 7% poly
      acrylamid gel into the iso-enzymes: liver-cell, bone- and ileum-phosphatase. In
      the 7% gel liver-cell and placenta phosphatase move together. Separation of these
      two can be achieved by raising the gel-concentration to 10%. The method is
      suitable for quantitative densitometric evaluation.

PMID- 1220357
TI  - Primary ovarian carcinoma in pregnancy--case report.
AB  - A case of primary ovarian carcinoma associated with pregnancy is reported. The
      symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment in relation to pregnancy are discussed.

PMID- 1220358
TI  - A cold precipitable fibrinogen complex in the plasma of cattle dying from
      infection with Babesia argentina.
AB  - Plasma from cattle dying from infection with Babesia argentina formed a cold
      precipitable gel when stored at 4 degrees C. Immunodiffusion and electrophoresis
      showed the soluble phase of the gel to consist mainly of a fibrinogen-like
      protein with small amounts of other plasma proteins. Gel filtration and specific
      clotting assays demonstrated a wide molecular weight spectrum of fibrinogen-like
      proteins, most of which appeared to be soluble fibrin in either monomer or
      complex forms. The possibility that proteolytic enzymes might be responsible for
      the formation of the gel is discussed.

PMID- 1220359
TI  - Penetration of host IgG molecules into hydatid cysts.
AB  - Host IgG was detected in 15 out of 18 peritoneal hydatid cysts obtained from
      experimentally infected gerbils and in 18 out of 61 mouse hydatid cysts which had
      been implanted into the peritoneal cavity of gerbils for periods ranging from one
      day to two years. A wide variation in host IgG concentration was observed among
      the different cysts in which these immunoglobulins were found. These findings are
      discussed in terms of the possible manner by which macromolecules may enter into
      the hydatid cysts.

PMID- 1220360
TI  - Incorporation of calcium into the soft tissues and calcareous corpuscles of
      larval Taenia taeniaeformis.
AB  - Larval Taenia taeniaeformis in vivo accumulates 45Ca2+ in soft tissues and
      calcareous corpuscles. Radioactivity was demonstrable in the corpuscles six
      months after a single dose of 45Ca2+ was administered to the host by means of a
      stomach tube. Ca2+ also was taken up by isolated larvae. Accumulation in vitro
      was more rapid then in vivo and was correlated with the external Ca2+
      concentration. Temperature variation, oxygen availability, and metabolic
      inhibitors had little effect on the Ca2+ uptake, indicating that active transport
      of Ca2+ is unlikely in this parasite. Variations in the external Pi
      concentrations had no effect on Ca2+ accumulation or on its distribution.
      Addition of 5% CO2 increased the uptake of Ca2+ by the calcareous corpuscles
      under anaerobic conditions. Radioactivity from NaH14CO3 also was accumulated in
      soft tissues and corpuscles of T. taeniaeformis. Assuming that the 14C taken up
      by the corpuscles was in the form of 14CO3(2-), the ratio of Ca2+ to CO3(2-)
      accumulation in the corpuscles approximates the ratio of these constituents in
      dolomite: CaMg(CO3)2.

PMID- 1220361
TI  - Cellular aspects of antiarrhythmic activity.

PMID- 1220362
TI  - [Membrane potential and ion transport in smooth muscle cells].

PMID- 1220363
TI  - [Controlled epidemiological experiments for evaluating the protective action of
      intradermally administered BCG vaccine].

PMID- 1220364
TI  - [Current problems of vaccinating children against diphtheria, pertussis and
      tetanus].

PMID- 1220366
TI  - [The status of immunoprophylaxis in the USSR and abroad and prospects for
      scientific research].

PMID- 1220365
TI  - [Efficacy of specific prophylaxis against measles].

PMID- 1220367
TI  - [Vaccinoprophylaxis of smallpox under present conditions].

PMID- 1220368
TI  - [Present status of the problem of vaccinoprophylaxis against influenza and acute
      respiratory diseases].

PMID- 1220369
TI  - [Results of and prospects for the elaboration of mass vaccination methods].

PMID- 1220370
TI  - [Major problems in the organization of specific prophylaxis of poliomyelitis].

PMID- 1220371
TI  - [Collateral blood circulation in non-specific aortitis].

PMID- 1220372
TI  - [The perspectives of improvement in tetanus prevention].

PMID- 1220373
TI  - [Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment of the Stevens-Johnson
      syndrome].

PMID- 1220374
TI  - [Role of basophilic leukocytes in allergic reactions in trichophytosis of the
      feet caused by T. rubrum].

PMID- 1220376
TI  - [Species composition of dermatophytoses in Magnitogorsk from 1958 to 1973].

PMID- 1220375
TI  - [Use of corticosteroid preparations in pediatric dermatology].

PMID- 1220377
TI  - [New nutrient media for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis by the culture method].

PMID- 1220378
TI  - [Organization of gonorrhea control in women during pregnancy].

PMID- 1220379
TI  - [Influence of metals of the platinum group on the skin in experiments on
      animals].

PMID- 1220380
TI  - [Microprecipitation reaction on agar as a rapid method of diagnosis of cutaneous
      complications following smallpox vaccination].

PMID- 1220381
TI  - [Grain itch (acarodermatitis uricariodes)].

PMID- 1220382
TI  - [Transformation of lichenoid parapsoriasis into mycosis fungoides].

PMID- 1220383
TI  - [2 cases of melanoma of the skin].

PMID- 1220385
TI  - [Corymbiform syphilid].

PMID- 1220384
TI  - [Dynamics of some indices of interstitial metabolism in patients with psoriasis
      during treatment with methotrexate].

PMID- 1220386
TI  - [Clinical study of ampicillin in the therapy of primary and secondary active
      syphilis].

PMID- 1220387
TI  - [Influence of combination treatment on the protein fraction of the blood in
      patients with the contagious form of syphilis].

PMID- 1220388
TI  - [Status of the hearing apparatus in electric welders].

PMID- 1220389
TI  - [Case of spontaneous cerebrospinal rhinorrhea].

PMID- 1220390
TI  - [Supernumerary tooth in the nasal cavity].

PMID- 1220391
TI  - [Case of pyocele of the frontal sinus in a 10-year-old boy].

PMID- 1220392
TI  - [Case of bilateral chronic suppurative epitympanitis with giant cholesteatoma
      complicated by brain abscess].

PMID- 1220393
TI  - [Hemolytic jaundice after tonsillectomy].

PMID- 1220394
TI  - [Successful use of hypnotherapy in a 4 1/2-year-old child after adenotomy].

PMID- 1220395
TI  - [Modification of a laryngoscope].

PMID- 1220396
TI  - [Modification of galvanocautery tip for the arrest of nose bleeding].

PMID- 1220398
TI  - [Set of ear catheters for children].

PMID- 1220397
TI  - [2-channel cannula for frontal sinuses].

PMID- 1220399
TI  - [Allergic diseases of the upper respiratory tract in workers of tobacco
      plantations].

PMID- 1220400
TI  - [Experimental basis of pentoxyl therapy of chemical burns of the esophagus].

PMID- 1220401
TI  - [Tracheobronchoscopy in differential diagnosis of bronchial tuberculosis].

PMID- 1220402
TI  - [Gastric secretion in disorders of nasal respiration].

PMID- 1220403
TI  - [Blast-transformation of tonsillar lymphocytes and content of 3 main groups of
      immunoglobulins in blood serum of young children with chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 1220404
TI  - [Psycho-pedagogical preparation of patients for wearing hearing aids].

PMID- 1220405
TI  - [Hemostatic effect of oxycellosol during parenchymatous, capillary and osseous
      hemorrhages caused by experimental surgical interventions on otorhinolaryngologic
      organs].

PMID- 1220406
TI  - [Tonsillectomy in patients with ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1220407
TI  - [Study of various indicators of the kinin system in nasal secretion of patients
      with allergic rhinitis].

PMID- 1220408
TI  - [Tracheostomy, its complications and their prevention].

PMID- 1220409
TI  - [Role of speech audiometry in the complex of audiologic tests for diagnosis of
      brain neoplasms].

PMID- 1220410
TI  - [Clinical classification of chronic tonsillitis].

PMID- 1220411
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapeutic tactics in laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 1220412
TI  - [Use of unithiol for prevention of ototoxic effect of mercuric chloride].

PMID- 1220413
TI  - [Nodules on vocal cords].

PMID- 1220414
TI  - [Work of a phoniatrician in an otorhinolaryngological department].

PMID- 1220415
TI  - [Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the frontal sinuses by the method of
      trephinopuncture and long-term drainage].

PMID- 1220416
TI  - [Use of ultrasonic therapy in chronic tonsillitis of children with chronic
      nonspecific lung diseases].

PMID- 1220417
TI  - [Restoration of lumen of the Eustachian tube].

PMID- 1220418
TI  - [Wedge-shaped skin section during laryngectomy].

PMID- 1220419
TI  - [Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome].

PMID- 1220420
TI  - [Case of multiple foreign bodies in the respiratory tract].

PMID- 1220421
TI  - [3 cases of familial laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 1220422
TI  - [Metastases of laryngeal cancer into the heart].

PMID- 1220423
TI  - [About insurance medical evaluation of psychoreactive disturbances (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Results arising from injuries within the valid field of the statutory Accident
      Insurance and of the Federal Law Governing Pensions and Grants can only be
      recognized as such and give rise to financial compensations if bodily or psychic
      damages within the legally protected Risk Area are made "probable", and if a
      connexion between these injuries and the unbiased finding of the actual health
      disorders prove to be "substantial". The assessment of the damage must bear in
      mind the individual conditions of the victims. Symptomatology, differential
      diagnosis and medical insurance estimation of the "neurosis in the true sense",
      of the personality alteration brought about by selfexperienced hardships
      (concentration camp neurosis) and the psychogenic breeding of symptoms with a
      final view to having an ailment recognized, are discussed with a special bearing
      on the phenomenons which cause the will to express itself.

PMID- 1220424
TI  - A specific G. C. method for the determination of carbamazepine in blood.
AB  - Carbamazepine is extracted with dichloromethane from whole blood. After a rinsing
      procedure the residue is gaschromatographed partly in methanol, where two peaks
      occur, and partly in a methylating reagent, where the same two peaks are seen,
      the heights of these now being reversed. This reversal is used as a means of
      identification. Recovery was found to be 94 +/- 12 %. Blood analysis from 12
      patients being treated with carbamazepine gave values from 0.6 - 6.5 mg/kg.

PMID- 1220425
TI  - [The significance of the settling of blood into dependent and soft tissues as
      evidence for death by throttling and choking (author's transl)].
AB  - 14 fresh cadavers of adult persons were placed with the head or body tilted in
      atypical positions 3 to 65 hours after death. The persons concerned were neither
      asphyxiated nor had they suffered cranial trauma. Hypostasis in the head and neck
      occurred more rapidly and intensively the deeper the cranial parts of the body
      were placed. In the simulated cadaver positions, artificial ecchymoses were
      observed in only a few places, mainly in the eyelids, the conjunctiva, the galea
      and the temporal muscles except when the head was vertically downwards. Just as
      with the postmortem haematomas, the hypostatic settling to the plane of the heart
      was decisive.

PMID- 1220427
TI  - [Concerning survival time in primary hematomas of the brain-stem (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The autopsy on a 54-year old man, who had a motorcycle-accident 17 days before
      and suffered a head injury, showed a large traumatic hemorrhage in the oral
      pontine region. The lesion must be considered primarily traumatic because of the
      brain-stem symptoms which appeared immediately after the accident (immediate
      unconsciousness, extension spasms, miosis) the macroscopic and histological
      findings (proliferation around the hemorrhage, hematoidin in the centre of the
      hemorrhage) and the biomechanical circumstances (impact on the occiput).
      Furthermore, considering the clinical findings and the autopsy results,
      pathogenetic factors which might have produced secondary hemorrhage seem to be
      unlikely. It seems as if the timing of death after traumatic hemorrhage in the
      oral pontine region depends less on the direct lesion in these areas, but on the
      extension of the hemorrhage to the caudal brainstem with concomittant edema. For
      the differentiation between primary and secondary brainstem lesions the duration
      of the survival time is therefore only of relative significance.

PMID- 1220428
TI  - [Radiation injuries to the ureter and bladder].

PMID- 1220426
TI  - Chlorobutanol poisoning. Report of a fatal case.
AB  - A fatal chlorobutanol intoxication is reported and a gas chromatographic method
      for the determination of this drug in human fluids and tissues is described.
      Analytical findings for blood, urine, stomach contents, bile, liver, kidney,
      spleen, and brain are reported.

PMID- 1220430
TI  - [Reconstruction of the breast following mammary extirpation].

PMID- 1220429
TI  - [Radiation injuries to the small and large intestine].

PMID- 1220431
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery of the breast].

PMID- 1220432
TI  - [Size of axillary lymph nodes in female breast cancer following preoperative
      irradiation with telecobalt].

PMID- 1220433
TI  - [Steward-Treves syndrome].

PMID- 1220434
TI  - [Continental ileostomy with intra-abdominal intestinal reservoir].

PMID- 1220435
TI  - [When are osteosyntheses in children justifiable?].

PMID- 1220436
TI  - [Osteosynthesis in children--biomechanical aspects and age-related physiological
      technics of osteosynthesis].

PMID- 1220437
TI  - [Surgery of long-bone fractures in children using Hackethal's bundle nail].

PMID- 1220438
TI  - [Operative and conservative treatment of femoral fractures in children].

PMID- 1220439
TI  - [Surgical management of inguinal hernia in children].

PMID- 1220440
TI  - [Clinical diagnosis of subvesicular bladder emptying disorders].

PMID- 1220441
TI  - [Problems in children with intersexual organ-formation disorders].

PMID- 1220442
TI  - [Retrocaval ureter and crossed dystopia in a single kidney].

PMID- 1220443
TI  - [Observation on the pathogenesis of severe urinary tract complications in female
      genitalia prolapse].
AB  - For the urologist the prolaps of the uterus and the descensus of the vagina are a
      serous problem, since patients in an advanced state frequently die of renal
      insufficiency. Earlier reports of formation of hydronephrosis in patients with
      genital prolaps are considered, the existing views of the pathogenesis are
      arranged and discussed. The own view is presented. Important is the conclusion,
      that the decision to correct a descensus or prolaps is not only dependent on
      subjective symptoms but also on the i. v. pyeolgraphy.

PMID- 1220444
TI  - [Falibaryt as a contrast medium].
AB  - Report about the employment of a sterile 35% barium sulphate (Falibaryt)
      suspension for cystography in course of preoperative examination for correction
      of urinary stress incontinence. The Falibaryt-suspension was found to be an
      eminently suitable, harmless and cheap medium in 928 examinations. In one case
      the authors observed a unilateral vesico-renal reflux. By osmodiuresis with
      intravenous infusion of 200 ml mannitol 15% the contrast medium was removed out
      of the ureter and kidney's pelvic in a short time. The authors give references to
      make provision for retrograde instillation of barium sulphate suspensions. By
      consideration of these provisions the use of barium sulphate (Falibaryt)
      suspension is harmless and recommended.

PMID- 1220445
TI  - [Radical surgery in unseccessfully irradiated cervix carcinoma?].
AB  - When radiological treatment in carcinoma of the cervix has failed radical
      operation may still be technically feasible in certain cases. They are, however,
      always prone to complications resulting from tissue damage due both to radiation
      and surgery. Among the 6 cases described there was one double-sided necrotic
      fistula of the ureters and two vesical-colonic-vaginal fistulae. In two patients
      we observed extended necroses of the pelvic tissue 5 and 7 weeks respectively
      after the operation with preceding telecobalt therapy; in one case this resulted
      in bleeding to death. There was only one case without any complications. This had
      been treated before by contact therapy only without additional percutaneous
      radition. From this we would like to draw the conclusion that one should refrain
      from secondary radical operation after telecobalt therapy. The question remaine
      to be discussed whether in these cases ultra-radical exenteration can be
      successful.

PMID- 1220446
TI  - [Experience with radical surgery for tumor persistence or recurrence after
      primary irradiation of cervix neoplasms].
AB  - At first the general problems of operations in the x-ray treated tissue are
      discussed. After that 11 cases of patients, who were x-rayed, were demonstrated.
      With these patients we carried out a radical operation, because the cancer of
      cervicis was insufficiently affected by a primary radiological therapy. The bad
      turn of disease could not be stopped at 6 cases. The women patients got either
      uretero-vaginal-fistulae (2) or recto-vaginal-fistulae (2) or combined vesico
      recto-vaginal-fistulae (1) and in less than one year they died of recidiv of
      cancer. Two women patients are still tended on account of their vesico-recto
      vaginal fistulae. Only three women had been cured satisfactorily and they are
      till now free of recidivs for 4 to 7 years.

PMID- 1220447
TI  - [Influence of hormonal contraceptives on the incidence of urinary tract
      infections].
AB  - In our ambulance 703 women using oral contraceptives were repeatedly tested of
      urinary tract infections since november 1973. 18 of them (2,56%) showed urinary
      tract infections. There is no reason to accept an ince rase of urinary tract
      infections by oral contraception. The relations to the duration of the
      application, to the age and to the urological anamnese of the patients are
      discussed.

PMID- 1220448
TI  - [Significance of dermatoglyphics and palmar furrows for genetic and clinical
      problem formation in gynecology and obstetrics].
AB  - After having described the bases of dactyloscopy, the authors report on the
      clinical importance of this method in gynecology and obstetrics. Own results
      about Turner's syndrome and first experiences of the dactyloscopic examination of
      mothers of malformed infants are discussed. The patients with XO Turner's
      syndrome in our series have a ridge count of 181, comparable to the value of 178,
      6 observed by Penrose. Mothers of infants with congenital malformations have no
      different dactyloscopic features in comparison with the controls.

PMID- 1220449
TI  - [New methods for the diagnosis of edemas in pregnancy].
AB  - Edemas in the course of gravidity are not rare. Their presence is revealed also
      by changes of the ridges on the bulb of the fingers. Owing to the tumescence the
      distance between two characteristic points of the finger increases. These changes
      are observed and measured. The results of the examinations preformed in 900 cases
      fully agree with those of earlier ones previously published. The method proves to
      be most appropriate for the early recognition of cardiac, renal, or vascular
      edemas, also in the non pregnant stage.

PMID- 1220450
TI  - [Evaluation of the causes of habitual abortion and malformation in children based
      on cytogenetic examination of parents].
AB  - Chromosomal investigations of lymphocytic cultures in 26 couples and 11 women
      with repeated miscarriages or children with congenital anomalies have been
      performed. In 5 cases chromosomal aberrations and in 3 cases chromosomal lesions
      have been found. These results are helpful in genetic consultation and
      aetiological investigations.

PMID- 1220451
TI  - [Vaginal fluor in relation to diseases of the uropoetic system in girls].
AB  - In this paper we have pointed at the coincidence of vaginal fluor with
      uroinfections. We undertook examinations and observations on girls from the age
      of 3 to 15 in 130 cases and have come to the result that the disease of one tract
      is nearly always connected with some affection of the other one. So both of them
      are in any case to be examined and--as our cases proved--also to be treated.

PMID- 1220452
TI  - [Cicatrical endometriosis following gynecologic surgery].

PMID- 1220453
TI  - [Conduction of labor in cephalothoracopagus].

PMID- 1220454
TI  - [Cavernous hemangioma of the umbilical cord].
AB  - A case of a cavernous haemangioma of the umbilical cord not far from the
      stillborn infant of 30 weeks gestation is reported. Autopsy revealed no
      intrauterine growth retardation, malformation and fetopathia. The placenta shows
      disorders of vasculartiy.

PMID- 1220455
TI  - [Therapeutic results of colposcopically controled collection of cervix tissue in
      atypical smears of women up to the age of 35 years].
AB  - The case series consists of 106 women consecutively collected during 1968 to 1973
      from those with a vaginal smear belonging to Papanicolou's groups III and
      attending the gynaecological department in Umea. Probably the series is a fair
      random sample of the population (congruent to 150,000 people) of the area served
      by the clinic. The extension of the colposcopically delimited atypical
      transformation zone (with its upper borderline against normal cervical villi) in
      most cases being small, the surgical procedure--a small cone congruet to ring
      biopsy--was accordingly insignificant. In 9 cases only a large conization was
      performed. As only a small part of the cervical tissue was usually removed it is
      probable that the enzymatic and mechanical properties of the cervix as well as
      its capacity as a sperm reservoir could be preserved. The median of the
      observation time is 26 months, range 3 months to 5 years. At the follow up the
      colposcopic and histological picture has so far shown no sign of atypia in 91
      subjects. The same applies cytologically to the patients subjected to a large
      conization. Two women have moved away from the district. A relapse occurred in 4
      patients, who after a large conization have remained cytologically negative.
      Throughout the investigation the term a typia has been used to characterize the
      cytological, colposcopic and histological changes, the degree and extension of
      this atypia being taken into considertion. Thus the abstruse nomenclature in
      common use is avoided. Cytological atypia is cellular in character, while
      histologically it includes the degree of structural derangement of the epithelial
      architecture as well. Colposcopically the angioarchitecture and the capillary
      distance seem to be the most important features. The correlation between the
      colposcopic and the cytological and histological findings is high when the degree
      of atypia is marked. It is inferred, therefore, that the descriptive term atypia
      should replace the superfluos bulk of terms in the fields in question.

PMID- 1220456
TI  - [Viewpoints and studies on epithelial regeneration in the cervix uteri].
AB  - After a review of historical and present opinions about the physiological
      alterations of the portio vaginalis uteri results on investigations by the author
      about regeneration are reported. The alterations of reserve cells of the mucous
      membrane of the cervix during pregnancy demonstrate the hormonal influence on
      regeneration and allow conclusions on indirect metaplasia under other conditions.

PMID- 1220457
TI  - [Problems in the indication for hysterectomy post conization].
AB  - The importance of histo-pathological diagnosis after conisation of the Cervix
      uteri in view of hysterectomia post conisation is discussed (94 Carcinomata in
      situ, 53 cases of dysplasia and 13 microcarcinomata). If there is a modern
      technique of coldknife-conisation, an intensive histo-pathological diagnostic
      regime and the possibility of cytological and colposcopical control,
      hysterectomia is not necessary in cases of complete removal of carcinoma in situ
      by conisation.

PMID- 1220458
TI  - [Cytogenetic studies in infertility].
AB  - 10 TO 15% of all married couples are undesired childless. New investigations show
      the tendency of a wider increase. Infertility is a possibility caused
      chromosomaly. In married couples carriers of balanced translocations causing
      repeated spontaneous abortions in a rate of ten times more than in the normal
      population. Every 50 married partner is a carrier. Chromosomal cause of
      infertility should be excluded before an operative therapy is planed and gives a
      base for genetic counseling.

PMID- 1220459
TI  - [Possibilities in the diagnosis of male fertility disorders].
AB  - The identification of men's fertility troubles is based upon a modern
      spermatogram. This procedure comprehends a laboratory action which contents the
      strict following of the examination requirements, and the preparing of a so
      called simple (or, if necessary, an "extended") spermatogram. Then comes the
      genital, somatic examination, which discovers the possibly existing shortages of
      this field. In special cases it is also desired to clear up additionally the
      endocrine, hormonal state of the patient. So the results of the analyses will not
      only give information about the grade of fertility, but they also give a
      prognosis, and show the possible ways of therapy, in the same time. If
      reasonable, the testisbiopsy should be made. This could give some valuable datas
      to discover the shortages in the parenehyma, and to obtain a right prognosis. In
      case if both parties in the marriage can be considered as fertile, but yet, no
      sign of the pregnancy appears, the matter will belong to the immunologist, even
      regarding the sperma-autoimminulogy. Nowadays the genetist is to be initiated,
      too, if early, of habitual abortions happen, which can not be explained within
      the field of gynecology, or if any anomalies of evaluation appear at the
      offspring. Since these examinations neither cause uncomfortabilities, nor risici
      to the men, it is reasonable to the men to prepare the andrological clear-ups
      first. Their results mostly can provide the gynecologists searching the origin of
      sterility with important depending points.

PMID- 1220460
TI  - [Demonstration of harmlessness of hormonal contraceptives for subsequent
      pregnancies].
AB  - A possible negative influence of anticonceptional steroids on various stages of
      reproduction is discussed. Theoretically an action of antifertility drugs on
      mutagenesis, the segmentation period, embryogenesis, foetogenesis or somatic and
      sexual development behaviour is conceivable. In accordance with the results
      reported by other authors, our own statistical data yield no increase in the
      frequency of infants with congenital malformations or with chromosomal anomalies.
      Nevertheless, careful prospective studies should be undertaken.

PMID- 1220461
TI  - [Carcinoid metastases in a uterine myoma].
AB  - For the first time carcinoid metastases in a uterine myoma with unsuspicious
      adnexes is described. In the reported case a carcinoid syndrom did not exist; the
      excretion of 5-hydroxyindolacetic-acid appeared to be within normal limits. In
      cases of a carcinoid within the female genital tract total hysterectomy with
      bilateral adnectomy is always advised, even if it requires repeated laparotomy.

PMID- 1220462
TI  - [The problem of the measurement of relative humidity in the disinfecting
      dryceaning process (author's transl)].
AB  - One of the most important conditions for obtaining reproducible microbiological
      results by disinfecting drycleaning is a control of the relative humidity of the
      drycleaning bath. An apparatus called "Wasserkontroller" (see Fig. 1) had been
      recommended as a device for the determination of the relative humidity. It
      consists of a special cylindrical casing into which the sensor of a hair
      hygrometer has been introduced. In contrast to electric instruments, this
      apparatus has the advantages of rigidity, simple adjustment, and above all of a
      low cost price. In practice, however, the "Wasserkontroller" proved to be a
      failure, since it indicated false values at times. In the studies published and
      discussed in the present paper, the causes for the malfunction of the hair
      hygrometer, in the device mentioned were determined. It could be observed that a
      malfunction of the hair hygrometer mainly occurred when the hairs fixed in the
      sensor were moistened by the drycleaning bath or by the drycleaning solvent
      (perchloroethylene), respectively. Then the hair hygrometer is no longer capable
      of reacting sufficiently to the fluctuation of the relative humidity of the bath.
      On the basis of the experimental results obtained instructions are given for the
      employment of hair hygrometers in drycleaning and for the design of the device
      casing: 1. The hair hygrometer has to be protected inside the device casing
      against a contamination by the bath or the condensing drycleaning solvent. 2. The
      inlet pipes to the device casing and the casing itself have to be protected
      against loss of heat as well as against the influence of heat sources.
      Temperatures of drycleaning bath and device should be balanced. 3. The inlet
      pipes to the device should be provided with a flowmeter or a flow detector,
      respectively. 4. The outlets of the device should be connected directly with the
      drum filled with the drycleaning bath. 5. The device has to be constructed in
      such a way that no infiltrated air may be sucked in. 6. The hair hygrometer has
      to be cleaned and to be adjusted at suitable time intervals. Provided that the
      technical requirements are met, hair hygrometers may also be considered as
      reliable measuring instruments in the practice of drycleaning.

PMID- 1220463
TI  - [On bacterial aftergrowth in drinking and industrial water. II. Apparative and
      processing influence upon the growth and the possibility of disinfection of ion
      exchange resin filter systems (author's transl)].
AB  - The comparative examination of numerous ion exchange resin filter systems for
      discontinuous water softening on the market revealed that apparative and
      processing characteristics are of great influence upon the aftergrowth of
      bacteria in the water of ion exchange resin systems. Within the examination it
      was taken into consideration that on the end-delivery-tube of the water pipe with
      regard to the colony count the conditions were more unfavourable during the long
      standstill over a weekend (table 1) than during the week (table2). The less
      favourable conditions have therefore been examined separately. The work has been
      divided in six test series. In the first one 5 ion exchange resin systems the
      types A-E are simultaneously tested with regard to the colony count in the water
      at the inflow to the apparatus and after the passage of it; regeneration twice a
      week with sodium chloride. The data ascertained in the course of several weeks
      (without first data on mondays) and the separated mondays data are examined
      according to logarithmic transformation with the assistance of variance analysis
      and the Newman Keuls-test for differences. The results show (tab. 4 and 5) that
      apparative parameters and such relevant to the technical process (tab. 3) have an
      influence upon the bacterial after growth of the water. The most favourable ion
      exchange resin filter is type E because it shows more favourable values than all
      other systems and the tapwater. In the second test serie the systems A-E have
      been regenerated with 1% Chloramin T containing sodium chloride. The results show
      again the type E as the statistically significant most favourable system in
      comparison with the others and the tapwater. In the third test serie it has been
      examined whether the long period of standstill of the brine in the resin bed
      which has probably been responsible for the good results of the type E would lead
      to values just as favourable if transferred to another type of apparatus. ...

PMID- 1220464
TI  - [Nitrate and nitrite in prepared meals in relation to the nitrate concentration
      of drinking water (author's transl)].
AB  - The nitrate and nitrite content of prepared foods was investigated in four areas
      in Rhineland Palatinate. The nitrate content of the drinking water was different
      in each area, the first region always having less than 1 mg NO-3/litre, the
      second an average of 19.5 mg NO-3/litre, the third an average of 35.6 mg NO
      3/litre and the fourth 130 mg NO-3/litre. The samples were restaurant food which
      had been served without previously informing the maker. They were separately
      analysed according to soup, meat and gravy, carbohydrate accompaniments,
      vegetables and salad. It was shown that, in the four areas (in the above order)
      an average of 46, 67, 45 and 65 mg NO-3/main meal was ingested, which corresponds
      to a ratio of 1:1.5:1:1.4. For nitrites, the figures were 1.4, 2.0, 1.5, and 2.8
      mg NO-2/main meal, corresponding to a ratio of 1:1.4:1.1:2. The nitrate excess
      consumed by the population in the principal meals in areas with a drinking water
      concentration of 130 mg/1 is consequently only 1.4 times higher than in an area
      where the water supply is free from nitrate. Under the same conditions the
      nitrite content is doubled. However, the levels at 2 and 1 mg NO-2/kg are
      altogether very low and are not likely to be of any importance hygienically for
      the public at large. The concentrations of nitrate in potatoes and carbohydrate
      accompaniments (94 mg NO-3/kg), vegetables (99 mg NO-3/kg) and salads (109 mg NO
      3/kg) show average levels which are double those of soups (50 mg NO-3/kg) and
      meat dishes (58 mg NO-3kg). An effect of the nitrate content of drinking water on
      these figures is only seen in soups and meat, an increase by a factor of 4
      occurring between the area with nitrate-gree drinking water and the area with 130
      mg NO-3/1). Contrary to expectation, the nitrite levels show the reverse
      relationship. They are highest in soups (4.7 mg NO-2/kg) and meat dishes (3.5 mg
      NO-2/kg) to salads (1.4 mg NO-3/kg). The values obtained may be considered
      representative for the average population, because the present day cooking habits
      of the private household is largely equivalent to that of the restaurant industry
      as a result of the use of tinned foods, ready-cooked soups and ready-made
      gravies.

PMID- 1220465
TI  - [Surveys on the occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus on fish caught in the
      Southern Central Baltic Sea in comparison with other European results (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in European marine environments, including
      Western Baltic Sea, was ascertained by several scientists. -Our surveys had in
      view to find out whether fish of the Southern Central Baltic Sea area was
      contaminated with this microorganism. -In the periods of June - September 1973
      and June 1974, 541 fish of 7 species had been tested. Two different technics of
      isolation were applied. From among 820 colonies picked up for further
      identification none happened to be Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

PMID- 1220466
TI  - [Dittel's operation in treatment of certain forms of urogenital fistula in
      women].

PMID- 1220467
TI  - [Permissible concentration of trichlorobuten in the air of industrial premises].

PMID- 1220468
TI  - [Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on oxidative deamination of glutamic acid in
      the mitochondria of the brain and liver of albino rats].

PMID- 1220469
TI  - [Reaction of the adrenal cortex and changes in 11-hydroxycorticosteroid content
      of blood and brain tissue in experimental pancreatitis].

PMID- 1220470
TI  - [Effect of glycine on the mechanisms of regulation of vascular tonus].

PMID- 1220471
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandin E1 on cerebrovascular resistance and acid-base
      equilibrium of arterial blood].

PMID- 1220472
TI  - [Serological indicators of microagglutination and lysis in rabbits immunized
      simultaneously against leptospirosis, pasteurellosis ans brucellosis].

PMID- 1220473
TI  - [Pathophysiological characteristics of early period of burns].

PMID- 1220474
TI  - [Results of the analysis of oncogenic properties of chloropren].

PMID- 1220475
TI  - [Intra-arterial enzyme therapy of suppurative and inflammatory diseases of the
      limbs].

PMID- 1220476
TI  - [Electroneurographic study in suprasegmental, segmental and neural movement
      disorders].

PMID- 1220477
TI  - [Histomorphological changes in the brain in lethal asphyxia neonatorum].

PMID- 1220478
TI  - [Hearing function in diseases of the accessory nasal sinuses].

PMID- 1220479
TI  - [Significance of neoplastic field, degree of differentiation and localization of
      laryngeal neoplasms in the development of recurrences after surgical
      interventions].

PMID- 1220480
TI  - [Dynamics of neurovascular and neuromuscular processes and electrolyte metabolism
      in spinal osteochondrosis with spinal root syndrome under the effect of physical
      factors].

PMID- 1220481
TI  - Chronic treatment with thyroid-stimulating hormone. Its effects on blood sugar,
      serum insulin and free fatty acid levels in normal dogs tested for oral glucose
      tolerance.

PMID- 1220482
TI  - Effects of epinephrine and glucose on the in vitro response of adipose tissue to
      sulfonylureas.

PMID- 1220484
TI  - A statistical comparison between different tests for the diagnosis of latent
      diabetes and their clinical relevance.

PMID- 1220485
TI  - Insecticides and soil microorganisms. III. Fate of 14C-labelled Dipterex as
      affected by two nodule-forming rhizobium spp. and roots of their respective
      leguminous host plants.
AB  - Chromatographic analysis led to the identification of monomethyl- and dimethyl
      phosphates as metabolites resulting from the enzymatic degradation of 14C
      labelled Dipterex in the buffer solutions and root tissues of broad bean and
      clover plants, as well as in the culture media of rhizobium leguminosarum and
      Rhizobium trifolii. The formation of 14CO2 from rhizobial cultures containing
      radioactive Dipterex suggests that some of the liberated methanol groups (during
      breakdown of Dipterex) are oxidatively degraded by the two Rhizobium spp.

PMID- 1220483
TI  - Effect of pituitary ultrasonic treatment on plasma human growth hormone levels in
      diabetic retinopathy and acromegaly.

PMID- 1220487
TI  - Effect of mechanical means on the restoration of the limb regenerative ability in
      metamorphic stages of Bufo regularis Reuss.
AB  - Limbs of Bufo regularis REUSS metamorphic stages No. 57, 63 and 66 were
      transected at the thigh level. Removal of the apical skin cover on the third
      postoperative day, followed by traumatization after further two days in the limb
      stumps, was more effective in the enhancement of the regenerative ability than
      when each one of these procedures was performed independently. Better results
      were achieved in cases of the preclimactic stage (No. 57) where about 30% of the
      cases (Series III) developed heteromorphic limb outgrowths having more distal
      structures as the shank ending with or without toes. Normally, after transection
      at the same level, the limb stumps of this stage could restore part of the thigh
      region only.

PMID- 1220486
TI  - A new direct lead technique for histochemical demonstration of alkaline
      phosphatase activity.
AB  - A lead method for demonstrating alkaline phosphatase is described. The method is
      based on direct precipitation of lead as lead phosphatase at pH 9.5, the pH
      optimum of the enzyme. Stable incubation medium was achieved by using tartrate,
      instead of maleate, as chelating for lead. The method was found to be suitable
      for visualization of alkaline phosphatase in different types of tissues.

PMID- 1220489
TI  - Nectary gland development and functional duration in Pimpinella anisum L.

PMID- 1220488
TI  - Synaptosomal fractions of cat cerebral cortex after hypo-osmotic and detergent
      treatment.
AB  - Different synaptosomal fractions were prepared by subcellular fractionation from
      cat cerebral cortex. The seperated nerve ending fractions differed in both
      density and osmotic sensitivity. Synaptosomal ghosts were obtained by hypo
      osmotic treatment. In the synaptosomal ghost fractions the synaptic areas seemed
      to be intact morphologically. The morphology of the "synaptic triad" (pre- and
      postsynaptic membranes and the synaptic cleft) was not affected even by treatment
      with Triton X-100 non-ionic detergent (0.6%). The solubilizing effect of
      different concentrations of the detergent was checked in the supernatants and in
      the insoluble residues. The homogeneity of various subcellular fractions and the
      effect of the osmotic and detergent treatments are discussed.

PMID- 1220490
TI  - Effect of carbon-tetrachloride and mercuric chloride on the tocopherol and
      ubiquinone content of liver and kidney.
AB  - Authors examined changes in the total ubiquinone and tocopherol contents of
      livers and kidneys obtained from rats acutely poisoned by carbon-tetrachloride
      and mercuric-chloride. Following administration of carbon-tetrachloride after 48
      h the liver ubiquinone content per 100 g tissue decreased from 11.80 +/- 2.44 mg
      to 7.24 +/- 2.15 mg, while the kidney ubiquinone content changed from 14.16 +/-
      3.96 mg to 5.98 +/- 2.93 mg. The total tocopherol content remained unaltered.
      Fourty-eight hours after administration of mercuric-chloride, the liver total
      tocopherol and total ubiquinone contents showed no changes, the tocopherol
      content of the kidney dropped from 6.16 +/- 2.10 mg to 3.16 +/- 1.48 mg, while
      the total ubiquinone content remained unaltered.

PMID- 1220491
TI  - Structural basis of cation exchange, complex formation and redox properties in
      chloragosomes.
AB  - Components of chloragosomes isolated from Octolasium transpadanum ROSA were
      separated by fractional extraction. The chemical composition of the fractions was
      determined and their effect on the anion- and cation-binding capability and on
      the lipophilic property of chloragosomes was studied. The acid-alcoholic extract
      of chloragosomes contained, among others, metalloporphyrins with 2 or 4 free 
      COOH groups; the residuum consisted of basic proteins. The metalloporphyrins and
      phosphatides gained by extraction with chloroform-methanol neutralize the basic
      groups of the chloragosome proteins, thus, an excess of free acidic groups
      develops, which is responsible for the polyanionic nature and cation exchange of
      chloragosomes. The apolar groups of phosphatides and carotenoids are responsible
      for the lipophilic nature of chloragosomes. Under experimental circumstances both
      in vivo and in vitro, organic cations were bound to chloragosomes, partially by a
      cation-exchange mechanism and partially by formation of more stable complexes. A
      small amount of anions may be absorbed by the bound cations. The diluted acidic
      extract of chloragosomes predominantly contain organic cations, in the present
      study riboflavin, flavin nucle0tide and thiamine were determined. Chloragosomes,
      owing to their structure, form complexes of varying stability with anions,
      cations and hydrophilic compounds equally. This feature explains their capability
      of cumulating trophic and toxic substances, while their redox activity is
      explained by their metalloporphyrin, flavin, thiamine and carotene content.

PMID- 1220492
TI  - Hypothalamic responsiveness to oestrogen in hypothyroid rats.
AB  - When 50 iu of PMS is given at 28 days of age, ovulation occurs on day 31, in
      thyroidectomized rats receiving PMS at 28 days of age, ovulation appears on day
      30 and 31. PMS treated thyroidectomized rats were given 0.5 mug oestrogen at 9
      a.m. on day 29 or 30. Injection on day 29 increases ovulation, but the injection
      of day 30 has no effect. Injection of 1.0 mug oestrogen on day 29 reduces
      activity, however, 1.0 mug on day 30 increases ovulation. These results infer
      than the hypothyroid state in PMS-treated rats significantly alters hypothalamic
      responsiveness to oestrogen.

PMID- 1220493
TI  - Formative effects of morphactin on the shoot apical meristem of flax (linum
      usitatissimum L.).
AB  - The effect of a morphactin -- CF1 -- (2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carbocylic
      acid-methyl ester) on the morphogenesis of shoot apical meristem was studied on
      L. usitatissimum L. at three levels of supply. CF1 at 10 and 100 parts/10(6)
      induced repeated gamophylly resembling a concentric cupulate structure. GA3
      superimposed at two levels viz. 10 and 100 parts/10(6) did not reverse this
      effect. The effect of CF1 is dose-dependent and reversal to normal behaviour
      occurs when the effect of CF1 wears off.

PMID- 1220494
TI  - Effect of cadmium chloride on testis and epididymides of dog. A biochemical
      study.
AB  - Male dogs were successfully sterilized by a single subcutaneous injection of
      cadmium chloride. Cadmium chloride is highly toxic to cells of the seminiferous
      epithelium and to the proximal end of the caput epididymidis. Shrinkage of the
      seminiferous tubule and shortening of Leydig cells' nuclear diameter was
      conspicuous. Cadmium chloride caused drastic changes in the biochemical
      composition of testes and epididymides. It caused a reduction in RNA and sialic
      acid concentration of the testes and caput epididymidis. Testicular cholesterol
      and total lipids were increased significantly. The increased level of cholesterol
      would indicate a decreased production of androgen by the testis. Decreased
      androgen production was also reflected in reduced nuclear diameter of Leydig
      cells.

PMID- 1220495
TI  - [Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm. Clinical experience (author's transl)].
AB  - The increased number of automobile casualties increases the frequency of
      traumatic rupture of the diaphragm. Because of associated serious lesions,
      diagnosis is easily overlooked. The authors report on 11 cases and give an
      appraisal of the literature. In 6 patients, diagnosis was made late. The authors
      discuss the physiopathology, symptoms, clinical data and means of diagnosis.
      Roentgenography is very important. Surgical cure is always recommended because of
      the danger of delayed strangulation of the hernia.

PMID- 1220496
TI  - [Reimplantation of fingers (author's transl)].
AB  - Three fingers have been reimplanted at present, bij means of microsutures of
      digital arteries and veins. The help of the surgical microscope is essential to
      this technique. In case of traumatic amputation of many fingers, with a neat
      minimal section, the chances of success are particularly good with a low risk of
      infection.

PMID- 1220497
TI  - Severe and fatal reactions to rheomacrodex.
AB  - Primary idiosyncrasia against dextran does really exist and is to be taken into
      account. It may even be more frequent than is usually accepted because in many
      cases an other cause than the infusion may be obvious. The shock develops at the
      first milliliters of the infusion. When dextran is to be administered for the
      first time, a doctor is to be present and all equipment for resuscitation must be
      available. For any reaction occurring during the infusion, the dextran must be
      withdrawn.

PMID- 1220498
TI  - [Surgical repair of a congenital cervical lung hernia in a baby (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Case report of a congenital cervical lung hernia causing serious feeding and
      respiratory problems in a 5 1/2 months old baby. Surgical repair of the
      endothoracic fascia defect with a MARLEX mesh. As far as we know the first report
      of a surgical repair of a congenital cervical hernia in an infant. Review of
      frequency, signs and therapy of lung hernia in literature. Analysis of the
      anatomic situation of a lung hernia in the cervical region.

PMID- 1220499
TI  - [Diarrhea caused by hormone-secreting tumors. Clinical value and
      physiopathological concepts].

PMID- 1220500
TI  - [Comparative study of fat absorption using triolein labelled with 131I or 14C
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220501
TI  - [Primary biliary cirrhosis. Clinical, biological and histological study (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1220502
TI  - [Nutritional factors inducing cancer of the stomach (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220503
TI  - [Present state and prospective views of the chemotherapy in tumours of the
      digestive tract (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220504
TI  - [Hypersplenism and portal hypertension (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220505
TI  - Editorial: Gastroenterological cytodiagnosis.

PMID- 1220506
TI  - Incorporation of ALA-14C in circulating bilirubin and hemoglobin heme of
      hepatectomized dogs.
AB  - After intravenous injection of delta amino-levulinic acid-14C (ALA-14C) (50 muCi)
      in hepatectomized dogs, bilirubin-14C reaches a peak after 3-6 hours and then
      slowly falls. During this time radioactivity of hemoglobin heme is much lower and
      rises sluggishly. Bilirubin specific activity is several hundred times that of
      hemoglobin heme. Incorporation of isotope is also much greater for bilirubin.
      This difference between bilirubin-14C and hemoglobin heme-14C provides evidence
      that bilirubin is produced outside the liver by a mechanism other than breakdown
      of hemoglobin. In intact dogs with cannulated common duct, intravenous injection
      of ALA-14C produces similar results but the rise of bilirubin-14C produced in 9
      hours in the hepatectomized dogs is about 12% of the total blood bilirubin-14C of
      non hepatectomized animals with cannulated common duct. If we include bile
      bilirubin-14C produced in the same time by intact animals with cannulated common
      duct, nonhemoglobin bile production is only 4.2% of the total.

PMID- 1220507
TI  - The differential diagnosis between intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice and viral
      hepatitis during pregnancy.
AB  - Clinical and laboratory findings from 15 patients with icteric viral hepatitis
      during pregnancy (VHP) and from 22 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis during
      pregnancy (CJP) were evaluated statistically in order to find out which
      parameters might help in order to find out which parameters might help in
      differentiating the two diseases. Diagnosis was established by needle liver
      biopsy in all cases. The following data were considered: history, physical
      examination, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) serum cholesterol, prothrombin
      time, total serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum
      protein, serum flocculation tests, BSP blood clearance and serum HB Ag. Vomiting,
      high GOT and GPT serum levels, and serum HB Ag positivity suggest VHP diagnosis.
      Otherwise a severe itching with scratching lesions, high ESR, elevated total
      cholesterol and serum alkaline phosphatase values mainly if occurring in the
      later stage of pregnancy are consistent with CJP diagnosis. When clinical and
      laboratory data from a jaundiced pregnant female do not allow diagnosis, this can
      be established only on the basis of needle liver biopsy.

PMID- 1220508
TI  - Osteoarticular pains and changes in Wilson's disease: a radiological study in
      fourteen patients in nine Turkish families.
AB  - A series of 14 patients with Wilson's disease were evaluated in order to
      determine the characteristic bone changes found in this metabolic disorder. The
      following radiologic and clinical findings deserve to be summarized: (1)
      Osteoarticular pains as first manifestations of Wilson's disease were found in
      six patients. (2) In all but 2 of our patients, minor or moderate or even severe
      bone abnormalities characteristic for Wilson's disease were observed. (3) There
      were three groups of sibs. Among these sibs, the lesions were not only similar in
      type but were also acquired approximately at the same time, showing the influence
      of the different genes responsible for this metabolic disorder.

PMID- 1220509
TI  - The rate of drug biotransformation reactions and cellular viability in the livers
      of patients with biliary diseases.
AB  - The cytochrome P-450 level, the rate of o-amino-phenylglucuronide synthesis and
      the oxygen consumption of liver slices from female patients with various gall
      bladder disease were determined. The cytochrome P-450 level showed a decreasing
      trend in patients with chronic cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis or obstructive
      icterus when compared with those with uncomplicated gall bladder stones. The rate
      of o-aminophenylglucuronide synthesis was markedly increased in patients with
      obstructive icterus when compared with other groups. The oxygen consumption was
      also enhanced in this group. The enhanced rate of glucuronidation is suggested to
      be caused by endogenous induction of increased bilirubin level or by accumulation
      of bile acids in the liver cells. The present study proposes that the drug
      hydroxylation and glucuronidation activities are under separate control
      mechanisms.

PMID- 1220510
TI  - Influence of phospholids on liver damage. I. Carbontetrachloride poisoning and
      alterations in amino acid uptake, peroxidation, sialic acid content, and
      lysosomal enzymes.
AB  - Changes in peroxidation, amino acid uptake [alpha-amino isobutyrate (AIB)],
      sialic acid content and lysosomal enzymes were followed in rats after carbon
      tetrachloride enzymes were followed in rats after carbontetrachloride poisoning
      and treatment with phospholipids (EPL). Uptake and retention of AIB by liver and
      brain increased after CCI4 poisoning. EPL had no effect on these changes. EPL
      diminished markedly, however, the excessive peroxidation caused by CC14.

PMID- 1220511
TI  - On the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer formation.
AB  - Peptic ulcer in man characterized by its rarity, singularity and chronicity
      coupled with a tendency to recidivate. Its rarity suggest the presence of
      protective mechanisms. The mucus barrier, cell regeneration and blood flow might
      be mentioned here. The singularity and chronic nature of this disease, together
      with the observation of varying lesion healing following polypectomy and gastric
      freezing, point to the probability of a vascular factor. The connecting link
      between an impaired protective mechanism and a vascular factor is the back
      diffusion of acid. A "weakened" mucus barrier opens up the way for an attack by
      the hydrogen ions on vessels in the regions of the stomach which manifest only a
      poorly developed vascular plexus. To such regions belongs, in particular, the
      lesser curvature. For the therapy, the following consequences derive from these
      pathophysiological condiserations: 1. Attenuation of the aggressive gastric juice
      by anticholinergics and antihistamines of the H2 receptor blocker type and
      secretin. 2 Distraction of the aggressor by a diet capable of producing a
      buffering effect, antacids, antipepsins and alkaline pancreatic secretion
      stimulated by secretin. 3. Strengthening of the mucus barrier by the
      administration of carbenoxolone. 4. Reduction of the vascular susceptibility to
      the formation of thromboses.

PMID- 1220512
TI  - Quantification of physiological changes in gut endocrine cells:
      immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassays of secretin cell function.
AB  - A model experiment involving the response of secretin cells to acid perfusion of
      the duodenum has shown that, with suitable sampling methods, quantitative
      immunocytochemistry using Image Analysis provides results which closely match
      those obtained by the application of radioimmunoassay to tissue extracts.

PMID- 1220513
TI  - Studies on the calcemic effect of intravenous secretin in humans.
AB  - In healthy controls (n = 7), patients with duodenal ulcer (n = 7), primary
      hyperparathyroidism (n = 7), and 1 case of excluded gastric antrum the effects of
      intravenous secretin ("Karolinska"; 3 U/kg/h for 90 min) upon serum calcium
      fractions, total protein, and the integrated response of gastrin and glucagon
      were investigated. In all groups total calcium, total protein, and protein-bound
      calcium fraction rose significantly but the inonized calcium fraction remained
      stable. Since serum concentration of gastrin and glucagon could not be altered in
      any of the groups a direct interference of these hormones with calcium
      homeostasis during secretin infusion can be ruled out. Hyperparathyroid patients
      had higher baseline glucagon values (209 +/- 30 pg/ml) than normals (127 +/- 6
      pg/ml) and ulcer patients (138 +/- 11 pg/ml) and maintained a higher hormone
      output throughout the experiment. Together with data on the patient with excluded
      antral parts it is concluded that the hypercalcemic effect of secretin is not
      mediated by calcium-regulating hormones but must be of an unspecific nature.

PMID- 1220514
TI  - [Primary tubulopathies].
AB  - 1. Defects in transport systems of renal tubules are caused by partial tubular
      dysfunction without preceeding renal disease. There is a well delineated
      disturbance for the reabsorption of certain substances. Most commonly the defects
      in transport of renal tubules are genetically determined. 2. Symptoms are due to
      secondary renal dysfunction and nephrolithiasis or extrarenal disturbances.
      Primary defects in transport systems of renal tubules, therefore, should be
      considered for differential diagnosis. 3. There is no therapy for the genetic
      defect. However, in case of early detection a symptomatic treatment is mandatory.
      This prevents clinical symptoms and sequelae.

PMID- 1220515
TI  - [Pyelonephritis].
AB  - Chronic pyelonephritis is, by definition, a chronic interestial nephritis due to
      immediate or late effects of bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma. The
      main diagnostic criterion is recurrent or permanent bacteriuria. As a rule,
      bacteriuria follows as a secondary symptom a primary renal disturbance such as
      malformations of the urinary tract, stones, gout, analgesic abuse, diabetes
      mellitus or pregnancy. It is most important to eradicate predisposing factors, if
      possible, for successful antimicrobial therapy. In some cases, permanent
      intensive chemotherapy might be more harmful to the patient than untreated
      chronic bacteriuria, in itself.

PMID- 1220516
TI  - [Sulfametrol-trimethoprim in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections].
AB  - Thirtyeight patients with a chronic urinary infection (definitions see methods)
      were treated for 3 months with Trimethoprim-Sulfametrol. During therapy in 19
      (70%) out of 27 patients without obstruction in the urinary tract infection could
      be eliminated. In 3 (27%) out of 11 patients with obstruction in the urinary
      tract infection was also eliminated. In 2 (18%) of these 11 patients the
      causative organisms changed to resistant strains. In 2 patients (10%) resp. in
      one patient without obstruction and one with obstruction in the urinary tract the
      infection recurred within the follow up of 3 months.

PMID- 1220518
TI  - [Serum concentration of triiodothyronine in autonomous thyroid gland adenoma].
AB  - Serum Concentration of T3 was measured  in 14 patients with autonomous thyroid
      adenoma using a chromatographic method. 9 patients had increased levels of T4, 5
      were normal. In both groups serum-T3-concentration was significantly elevated. In
      patients with normal T4-values hypertriijodothyroninemia seems to be the
      biochemical base for clinical signs of hyperthyroidism. The pathogenetical
      importance of elevated T3-levels is discussed for T3-secretion and T4/T3
      conversion.

PMID- 1220517
TI  - [Effect of dopamine on the portal pressure].
AB  - 1. An infusion of 3 gamma/kg/min dopamine causes a significant increase in the
      renal plasma flow and the glomerulum filtration rate. This dosage does not cause
      a change of the mean systolic and arterial pressure. This effect may also be
      observed in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. 2. The wedged hepatic vein pressure,
      an indicator for the portal pressure, only shows a slight increase (9,46 +/-
      9,41%) as compared to the initial pressure produced by the mentioned dose.
      Measurements of the spleen pulpa pressure, which likewise indicates the portal
      pressure, showed an increase of pressure up to 100% due to pressing or coughing.
      3. If in the case of bleeding oesophageal varices acute renal failure might
      develop, the advantage of the effect of dopamine in stimulating the blood flow
      through the kidneys may be considered more important than the minute danger of a
      slight increase of the portal pressure, which might provoke haemorrhage.

PMID- 1220519
TI  - Central pontine myelinolysis and its arterial blood supply.
AB  - A case of central pontine myelinolysis is described. The clinical, angiographic
      and post mortem findings suggest that among the associated disorders the oligemic
      shock combined with a local decreased flow in the basilar artery was the most
      important cause of this patholigical entity. The angioarchitecture findings in
      the brain stem, compared to these in 26 normal brains, confirm this hypothesis.

PMID- 1220520
TI  - [Neurological complications of anticoagulants (author's transl)].
AB  - During a course of therapy by anticoagulants, 16 intracranial haemorrhages and 10
      cerebral infarctions, were observed over a period of seven years. The
      intracranial haemorrhages include 11 subdural haematomas (four acute, seven
      chronic) and ive intracerebral haemorrhages, one of which resulted from the
      rupture of an arterial aneurysm. The anticoagulant therapy lasted in 12 cases for
      more than two years, and in four cases between twenty-four hours and two months.
      Monocoumarinics are most often the cause of the haemorrhages. The subdural
      haematomas are unpredictable and a traumatism was only observed in four cases.
      Three out of four patients with acute haematomas died, as well as two out of
      seven patients with chronic haematomas. Three out of four intracerebral
      haemorrhages occurred after ischemic cerebral accidents. The existence of a
      cerebral infarction counter-indicates the use of anticoagulants. The cerebral
      infarctions occurred five times during the anticoagulation therapy, and five
      times after  stopping the treatment (from within a few days to a few weeks).
      Anticoagulation therapy, apart from infarction, is in general well supported and
      well supervised during the first weeks. Used for a long time, it may lead to very
      serious and often fatal complication, and must therefore be weighed against the
      advantages of the treatment.

PMID- 1220521
TI  - [Infantile form of Hallervorden-Spatz disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report the evolution since birth of a third patient belonging to a
      sibship affected by the infantile form of Hallervorden-Spatz disease. The
      diagnosis has been histologically proven in each case. Due to a lack of full
      clinical reports in the available literature, the emphasis has mainly been placed
      on the complex extrapyramidal syndrome characteristic of this disorder and
      illustrated by our own cases. We stree here the occurrence of extrapyramidal fits
      with exceptionally severe hemiballic movements and torsion spasms. Moreover the
      clinical signs and their succession in time are strikingly similar in our three
      patients. Our main purpose is to document accurately the early stages of this
      disorder; they are characterized by a non-specific spastic diplegia associated
      with mental retardation. There is a progressive but incomplete improvement during
      the following years. Thereafter the extrapyramidal syndrome appears. It is to
      early to decide whether all the infantile cases of Hallervorden-Spatz disease do
      indeed present a diphasic evoluation because our third patient is the only one to
      have been followed up since birth; relevant data are scarcely available in the
      other reported cases. On the other hand, it is correct to state that a spastic
      diplegia with mental retardation under the age of two--provided a perinatal
      anoxic excephalopathy has been ruled out--can lead to a wide range of conditions
      from normality to a neurological disorder as severe as the one reported here.

PMID- 1220522
TI  - [A case of uveitis and meningo-myelitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors describe a patient, suffering from recurring uveitis, buccal aphthous
      ulcers and meningo-myelitis. The diagnosis of Behcet's disease accounts for the
      whole clinical picture and has been confirmed by a cutaneous hypersensitivity to
      scratching. The authors stress the similarity between the neurological aspects of
      Behcet's disease and multiple sclerosis not only on the clinical side but also
      concerning the CSF composition (lympho-mono-plasmatocytic meningogram, increase
      and fractionation of gammaglobulins). The authors present a critical review of
      the evidence in favour of a viral aetiology. They put forward the clinical and
      experimental data in favour of an auto-immune aetiopathogeny. Treatment with
      corticosteroids associated with immunosuppressive drugs proved beneficial.

PMID- 1220523
TI  - [Pathological findings in a case of normal pressure hydrocephalus (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Pathological findings in a case of normal pressure hydrocephalus are reported
      with a review of the literature.

PMID- 1220524
TI  - The pseudo-rhythmic electroendephalogram after cardiac arrest.
AB  - Five cases are presented showing on the EEG pseudo-rhythmic discharges appearing
      on almost flat lines, after reanimation of a cardiac arrest. The morphology of
      the complexes is quite similar, except in the period immediately preceding death,
      where they are more disformed. All patients died within the following days,
      except one. In four of the five cases myoclonic jerks occurred, consisting of
      brief convulsions over the whole body, especially in the arms and the face. A
      literature survey shows that this EEG pattern after circulatory arrest, is not
      rare. It is almost always followed by death. Myoclonic jerks may or may not be
      present and are not necessarily synchronous with the EEG discharges. The
      electrogenetic origin is not yet elucidated, although it seems that the pattern
      may appear at a state of complete loss of cortical function.

PMID- 1220525
TI  - [Psychiatric epidemiology in an underdeveloped country].
AB  - An epidemiological study of the "Serer" of Senegal has been performed. This work
      was aimed at studying the problem of stress of "acculturation" in an
      underdeveloped country by comparing general health and mental health in two
      groups of Serer, one having migrated to Dakar and the other having remained in a
      traditional rural milieu. No difference in health was observed between the two
      groups. This research also shows that the popular equation: primitive and rural
      milieu = tranquillity and urban milieu = stress is to simplistic. Our work has
      resulted, in light of the Serer experiment, to bring some modifications to this
      equation.

PMID- 1220527
TI  - [Stress, psychological characteristics, and respiratory variables].
AB  - This study compares the respiratory reactions of 40 normal subjects and 40
      coronary patients. The respiratory measures are taken under stress and under
      normal situations. The psychological features of the eighty subjects are known;
      they are drawn from a test battery implementing the MMPI, the ABV and the DS. The
      study is meant to identify the interaction between the psychological and
      bioclinical measures. The bioclinical measures comprise several respiratory
      parameters: they are taken under mental and physical stress.

PMID- 1220526
TI  - [Some problems related to the automatic interpretation of recordings of
      bioelectric activity in man].
AB  - The automatic interpretation of recordings of bioelectric activities in man
      represents a certain number of difficulties which are discussed more specially
      insofar as the analysis of automatic polygraphic recordings of sleep. A system of
      analysis specifically utilising "passe bande" filters has been used to obtain
      interesting results on many recordings. The interpretation itself is obtained
      with the help of a small computer coupled to a system of measurement and
      digitalisation.

PMID- 1220528
TI  - [The language of the unconscious].
AB  - The concept of consciousness, separate from that of vigilance, can be defined as
      the immediate knowledge of motor-perceptual activities on the cognitive
      assimilation of the real duration. The linguistic theories distinguish in the
      language first of all linguistic competence, it is grouping of signs or
      linguistic knowledge of the group, which one can compare to phenomenon of
      automatism, and secondly the spoken language or linguistic performance, a
      creative individual and voluntary act. The observation of aphasics and of a
      certain partial temporal epileptics permits to dissociate these two forms of
      language. That of the consciousness linked to the immediate observation of the
      self by ones' self could only be the creative word. The unconscious listener,
      separated from real time, without real creative ability, could only be the "-echo
      souvenir" of the conscient person.

PMID- 1220529
TI  - [Some reflections a propos of an experiment in family therapy].
AB  - A social assistant in conjonction with a multidimensional team in child
      psychiatry followed the progress of family therapy over a few years. The reason
      for this family therapy was based on the difficulty the parents had in expressing
      their conflicts through oral communication. It is chiefly by actual
      encounterances and a sub-verbal dialog that this experiment was carried out. This
      project was able to be investigated by having great freedom of openness by
      elaboration of each structure and with transferential attitudes. This experiment
      was carried out on 40 cases; however only 4 are described to illustrate the
      method.

PMID- 1220530
TI  - [Evaluation of disulfiram treatment in chronic alcoholism].
AB  - Disulfiram is an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of chronic
      alcoholism as long as certain conditions are maintained; the patient realises
      that he is ill, the patient is motivated to be treated and that alcohol
      withdrawal be maintained chiefly during the first year where there is periodic
      uneasiness. Disulfiram therapy must only be prescribed in the phase where the
      chronic alcoholic accepts the treatment and not in the phase where he negates it.

PMID- 1220531
TI  - [Zinc and olfactory acuity in epileptic patients. Preliminary note].

PMID- 1220532
TI  - [Behavior of contingent negative variation during street noise. Study on normal
      volunteers].

PMID- 1220533
TI  - [Influence of carbamazepine on levels of free amino acids in the plasma of
      epileptic patients. Preliminary data].

PMID- 1220534
TI  - [Rubidium chloride and Parkinson's disease. Preliminary data].

PMID- 1220535
TI  - [Clinical contribution to early treatment of infantile cerebral palsy].

PMID- 1220536
TI  - [Primary empty sella. Report of 2 cases].

PMID- 1220537
TI  - [Carotid-cavernous fistulae with ophthalmoplegia and contralateral exophthalmos.
      Presentation of 3 cases].

PMID- 1220538
TI  - [Long-term prognosis of a group of patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms
      not treated surgically].

PMID- 1220539
TI  - [Contribution of genetic research to problems of nosology and nosography in
      psychiatry. I].

PMID- 1220540
TI  - [Study of the neurophysiological and electroencephalographic effects of the
      lithium ion].

PMID- 1220541
TI  - Histamine content in human gastric mucosa: its relation to the pentagastrin
      stimulated acid secretion and to selective-gastric vagotomy with drainage.

PMID- 1220542
TI  - Histamine as inhibitor of pig aorta amine oxidase.

PMID- 1220543
TI  - Induction of histamine methyltransferase during experimental hydronephrosis: a
      mechanism of adaptation for histamine homeostasis in rabbit kidney.

PMID- 1220544
TI  - Effect of histamine H2-receptor and beta-receptor blockade on histamine-,
      orciprenaline- and prostaglandin-stimulated frequency of the isolated guinea-pig
      atrium.
AB  - For the oxyntic cell of the stomach the hypothesis was forwarded by Grossmann and
      Konturek [1] that, if one of its three receptors is blocked, the physico-chemical
      properties of the two others are changed in such a way that they respond less
      sensitively to their specific stimulation. This hypothesis was tested for the
      heart by studying the effect of histamine-H2-receptor- and beta-receptor-blockade
      on the orciprenaline-, histamine-, and prostaglandin E1-stimulated frequency of
      the spontaneously beating isolated guinea-pig atrium. Therefore cumulative dose
      response curves were established for orciprenaline, histamine and prostaglandin
      E1 (PGE1) alone or in the presence of metiamide or pindolol. (1) The beta-blocker
      pindolol inhibited the effect of orciprenaline in a competitive manner, without
      having an effect on histamine- and PGE1-stimulation. (2) The histamine H2
      receptor blocker metiamide inhibited the histamine response competitively. (3) In
      contrast to pindolol, metiamide inhibited the PGE1-stimulated rise in atrial
      frequency, most obviously non- or uncompetitively. From these results it is
      evident that in the heart the particular inhibitors, at least at the receptor
      site, act rather specifically without affecting neighbouring receptors and that
      metiamide influences the PGE1-response in a way different from the receptor site.

PMID- 1220546
TI  - Proceedings: The kinetics of complex formation between histidine and pyridoxal-5
      phosphate in the presence of bacterial histidine decarboxylase.

PMID- 1220545
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of bilateral nephrectomy on serum gastrin concentration,
      gastric histamine content, histidine decarboxylase activity and acid secretion in
      the rat.

PMID- 1220548
TI  - Proceedings: Histaminergic mechanisms in the developing human heart.

PMID- 1220547
TI  - Proceedings: In vivo and in vitro rat brain histidine decarboxylase coenzymic
      requirements.

PMID- 1220549
TI  - Proceedings: 3-(4(5)-imidazolyl) propylguanidine (SK&F 91486) - a partial agonist
      at histamine H2-receptors.

PMID- 1220550
TI  - Proceedings: Variations in the histamine content of 'Ascaris suum'.

PMID- 1220551
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction with histamine metabolism by methyl derivatives of
      histamine and by commercial S-adenosymethionine.

PMID- 1220552
TI  - Proceedings: Decreased turnover of histamine in the brain of restrained mice.

PMID- 1220553
TI  - Proceedings: Uptake and metabolism of histamine in guinea-pig ileal longitudinal
      muscle.

PMID- 1220554
TI  - Timely appraisal: ectopic (exocellular) nucleic acid as a drug target, especially
      in rheumatoid arthritis and certain cancers(?).

PMID- 1220555
TI  - The Arthus reaction in guinea-pig knee joints. A test for anti-inflammatory
      drugs.
AB  - A reversed passive Arthus reaction was produced in guinea-pig knee joints by
      intravenous injection of ovalbumin and intra-articular injection of homologous
      anti-ovalbumin antiserum or specific IgG2 antibody. The optimum response was
      obtained by varying the concentration of antigen while keeping the amount of
      antibody constant. Joint swelling, leucocyte infiltration in the synovial fluid
      and joint pathology were measured 4-6 hours and 24 hours after initiation of the
      reaction. The RPA lesions were almost completely inhibited by complement or
      polymorphonuclear leucocyte depletion. The effects of a range of drugs on the 4-6
      hours response were investigated following intraperitoneal or oral
      administration. Cyproheptadine hydrochloride, Trasylol, indomethacin, aspirin,
      phenylbutazone, prednisolone sodium phosphate, chloroquine diphosphate, SKF36914
      (gold triethyl phosphine), cyclophosphamide, ketoprofen, sudoxicam and naproxen
      all reduced one or more of the symptoms of inflammation. However, cyproheptadine
      was only active at high and probably non-specific dose levels. D(-)penicillamine
      hydrochloride and mepyramine maleate were inactive.

PMID- 1220556
TI  - Platelets, Arthus-type reactions and inflammatory mediators.
AB  - The release of inflammatory mediators and the appearance of necrohaemorrhagic
      lesions induced by subcutaneous implantation of sponges containing antiplatelet
      serum globulins were studied in control and thrombocytopenic rats. In
      thrombocytopenic animals, antiplatelet globulins caused a greater release of
      prostaglanding-like material and 5-hydroxytryptamine as well as larger
      inflammatory lesions. Thus, platelet integrity is not necessary for the induction
      of lesions by antiplatelet globulinrom leucocytes or damaged tissues. Mast cells
      seem not to be involved in the production of 5-hydroxytryptamine in this
      inflammatory reaction. It is suggested that in idiopathic thrombocytopenic
      purpura (ITP) an Arthus-type hypersensitivity reaction, rather than the
      thrombocytopenia itself, is the cause of the vascular lesions and their
      manifestations.

PMID- 1220557
TI  - Irritancy of cyclophosphamide-derived aldehydes (acrolein, chloracetaldehyde) and
      their effect on lymphocyte distribution in vivo: protective effect of thiols and
      bisulphite ions1).
AB  - (1) A strategy is described for investigating agents such as N-acetylcysteine or
      penicillamine that might be used as adjuvant therapy with cyclophosphamide, to
      lessen the toxic side-effects of this latter drug caused by some of its
      metabolites. (2) The toxic effects of acrolein and chloracetaldehyde were
      determined by (a) their effects on lymphocyte circulation and (b) their
      oedemagenic activity in rats. (3) Stable thiols and bisulphite ions antagonised
      this aldehyde toxicity/irritancy; thiosulphate ions did not. (4) Thiosulphate and
      bisulphite ions antagonised the irritancy/toxicity of a mustard, mechlorethamine
      (HN-2). (5) The possible relationship of intrinsic irritancy to anti-inflammatory
      activity is discussed briefly.

PMID- 1220558
TI  - Correlation of serum aspirin esterase activity and half-life of salicylic acid.
AB  - An inverse correlation was found between the serum aspirin esterase activity in
      human subjects and the biological half-life of salicylic acid in serum and a
      direct relationship between the values of the elimination rate constant and the
      activity of this enzyme. The rate of acetylsalicylic acid breakdown may be one of
      the factors which influences the biological half-life of salicylates in the
      organism and may participate also in determining the individual response to the
      administered drug.

PMID- 1220559
TI  - A synergistic interaction between aspirin, or other non-steroidal anti
      inflammatory drugs, and stress which produces severe gastric mucosal damage in
      rats and pigs.
AB  - A synergistic interaction was observed in the development of damage to the
      gastric mucosa of rats following the administration of a single oral dose of 50
      or 200 mg/kg body weight aspirin and exposure to brief periods of cold or
      restraint stress. Under the experimental conditions employed, the stressed
      (control) animals did not develop any visible signs of damage while the rats
      given only aspirin developed typical small erosions. However, the animals given
      aspirin and simultaneously exposed to stress developed a large number of deep
      ulcers and massive haemorrhage. Similar results were obtained in rats given a
      variety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but not with dextropropoxyphene
      -- an analgesic devoid of ulcerogenic activity. In pigs, the chronic
      administration of aspirin and exposure to restraint stress resulted in the
      formation of deep crater-like ulcers. Only small focal lesions were found in the
      pigs given aspirin alone and no mucosal damage was evident in the pigs exposed
      only to stress. It appears that the aspirin plus stress synergism may be the
      basis for the formation of chronic gastric ulcers in humans.

PMID- 1220561
TI  - Fair employment practices and the pharmacist.

PMID- 1220562
TI  - Teratogenesis--toxicity in utero.

PMID- 1220560
TI  - The influence of procaine and isoprenaline on the lung deflation reflex during
      the histamine-induced bronchial asthma attack.
AB  - The histamine-induced respiratory reflex response arising from the lung deflation
      (irritant) receptors was influenced by both procaine and isoprenaline, but in an
      essentially different manner. Procaine administered via the pulmonary circulation
      prevented or interrupted the asthmatic tachypnoea associated with stimulation of
      the lung deflation receptors. The effect was less consistently obtained when the
      drug was given by way of the bronchial circulation or as an aerosol. It is
      concluded that the lung deflation receptors in the guinea-pig are located in
      sites easily accessible by way of the pulmonary circulation, i.e., in the
      peripheral airways. Isoprenaline, irrespective of the way of administration,
      counteracted the asthmatic increase in bronchial resistance which underlies the
      stimulation of the lung deflation receptors. A respiratory response, however,
      characterized by increased respiratory rate, still occurred when the drug was
      administered either before or after histamine inhalation. The tachypnoic response
      to isoprenaline is probably of central origin.

PMID- 1220563
TI  - [Clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of chronic adnexitis in patients with
      uterine myoma].

PMID- 1220564
TI  - [Complex treatment of women having undergone salpingectomy for tubal pregnancy].

PMID- 1220565
TI  - [Treatment of patients with follicular inflammatory formations of the adnexa
      uteri].

PMID- 1220566
TI  - [Importance of local hypothermia in complex treatment of acute inflammatory
      processes of the genital organs].

PMID- 1220567
TI  - [Etiology and characteristics of clinical course of nonspecific colpitis].

PMID- 1220568
TI  - [Mycoplasma in the urogenital tract and inflammatory diseases of the genital
      organs].

PMID- 1220569
TI  - [Electron-microscopic examination in experimental staphylococcal endometritis].

PMID- 1220570
TI  - [Excretion of corticosteroids at different phases of menstrual cycle in healthy
      women and in patients with chronic inflammation of internal genital organs].

PMID- 1220571
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of certain methods of diagnosis of cancer and
      precancerous conditions of the endometrium].

PMID- 1220572
TI  - [Morphofunctional analysis of the state of the uterus under conditions of
      disorders of neuroendocrine regulation].

PMID- 1220573
TI  - [Characteristics of the course of gonorrhea in women and modern methods of its
      diagnosis].

PMID- 1220574
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of acute oliguria in the obstetrical-gynecological
      practice].

PMID- 1220575
TI  - [Results of complex treatment of nonspecific colpitis].

PMID- 1220576
TI  - [Treatment of inflammatory processes of the genital system with peloidin].

PMID- 1220577
TI  - [Determination of aldosterone content in urine of patients with inflammatory
      processes of the genital organs].

PMID- 1220578
TI  - [Chromosomal disorders caused by viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1220579
TI  - [Immediate and remote outcome of vacuum extraction and use of obstetrical
      forceps].

PMID- 1220581
TI  - Problems of research and development in health services.

PMID- 1220580
TI  - [Function and morphology of isolated rat kidney following cellfree perfusion with
      various plasmaexpanders (author's transl)].
AB  - Isolated arteficially perfused rat kidneys prepared as described by Franke et al.
      (1971) were perfused for 60 min with solutions of Haemaccel, Dextran 40, Pluronic
      F-108, or hydroxy-aethyl starch in a single pass system. The glomerular
      filtration rate (GFR) of the Haemaccel or Dextran 40 perfused organs amounted
      during the first 30 min to 0.58 ml X g-1 X min-1 and 0.47 ml X g-1 X min-1
      respectively. Using Pluronic-F-108 or hydroxy-aethyl starch GFR rose to 0.94 ml X
      g-1 X min-1 and to 0.85 ml X G-1 X min-1. With Haemaccel or Dextran 40 solutions
      a mean tubular Na-reabsorption of 75.4 mumol X g-1 X min-1 and of 59 mumol X g-1
      X min-1 respectively was determined. Employing Pluronic-F-108 or hydroxy-aethyl
      starch a mean sodium net transport of 92.6 mumol X g-1 X min-1 in both
      experimental groups was obtained. The differences described in the functional
      capabilities of Haemaccel or Dextran 40 and of Pluronic-F-108 or Hydroxyethyl
      starch perfused kidneys are in good accordance with morphological changes in the
      ultrastructure. The most striking morphological deviations were found in proximal
      tubules of those kidneys perfused with Haemaccel solutions. On the other hand
      after perfusion with hydroxyethyl starch only very few morphological alterations
      could be detected.

PMID- 1220582
TI  - Artificial intelligence and brain theory: unities and diversities.

PMID- 1220584
TI  - Effective length of the arterial system.

PMID- 1220583
TI  - Dynamic vagal control of atrial-ventricular condition: theoretical and
      experimental studies.

PMID- 1220585
TI  - Dipole moment of the hearts of various species.

PMID- 1220586
TI  - A simulation study of transient changes in splanchnic and peripheral blood flows
      in the dog after a volume load.

PMID- 1220587
TI  - An intravascular test device for thromboresistant materials: analysis and
      preliminary experimental evaluation.

PMID- 1220588
TI  - [Oxytocin stimulation test in pregnancies at risk].

PMID- 1220589
TI  - [Evaluation of the palmitic/stearic acid ratio of the amniotic fluid in relation
      to fetal maturity].

PMID- 1220590
TI  - [Contribution to the knowledge and nosological definition of Turner's syndrome].

PMID- 1220591
TI  - [Non-immunological neonatal jaundice. Statistical study and research on possible
      exogenous factors].

PMID- 1220592
TI  - [Effects of estriol and quinestradol administered to pregnant rats on the fetal
      sex differentiation].

PMID- 1220594
TI  - [Psychological and social aspects related to unwanted pregnancy].

PMID- 1220593
TI  - [Biological and clinical aspects of legal abortion].

PMID- 1220595
TI  - [Contraceptive practice and prevention as alternative to legitimization of
      indiscriminate abortion].

PMID- 1220597
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic problems of cervical "borderline lesions" (evaluation
      of 214 cases)].

PMID- 1220598
TI  - [Variations in the plasmatic concentration of progesterone in the post-ovulatory
      phase of the normal menstrual cycle].

PMID- 1220599
TI  - [Intersexual states].

PMID- 1220596
TI  - [Presentation of a pluricenter research in the field of preventive perinatal
      medicine].

PMID- 1220600
TI  - [The metabolism of cinpropazide in man. Urinary excretion and plasma
      concentration].

PMID- 1220601
TI  - [Inhibition of morphine of the central vagal pancreatic stimulation caused by 2
      deoxy-D-glucose].

PMID- 1220602
TI  - [Retention of ethylene oxide after sterilization of polyvinyl chloride and
      polyethylene material].

PMID- 1220603
TI  - [Effects of different heterocyclics on the incorporation of 5-hydroxytryptamine
      and noradrenaline in a rat brain preparation].

PMID- 1220604
TI  - [Coctail of specialties in pharmacy].

PMID- 1220605
TI  - Fetal distress and birth scores in newborn infants.
AB  - The relation between fetal distress and the subsequent condition at birth was
      studied in 2791 pregnancies. Fetal distress was defined as a heart rate greater
      than 160 or less than 120/min between uterine contractions, with or without
      meconium-stained liquor. Infants of 28 to 42 weeks' gestational age were examined
      at 1 and 5 minutes after birth when the heart rate, respiration, and skin colour
      was recorded. Birth scores of 0, 1, or 2 were given respectively if respirations
      were absent, gasping, or regular; if the heart rate was undetectable, less than
      100/min, or greater than 100/min; and if the colour was white, blue, or pink.
      Fetal distress was associated with low birth scores in infants at 1 and 5 minutes
      of age. Among those who had not suffered fetal distress a significantly greater
      proportion of preterm infants had low birth scores compared with term or post
      term infants at 5 minutes of age. Infants did not score equally for colour, heart
      rate, and respiration at 1 and 5 minutes of age. Colour usually gave a birth
      score of 5 and heart rate was recordable when infants scored 0 for colour and
      respiration. The reduction in birth scores was greater in the presence of
      meconium-stained liquor and abnormal fetal heart rate than meconium-stained
      liquor alone; the latter being an early sign of fetal distress. Since fetal
      distress was not diagnosed by conventional methods in 93 term infants who
      probably suffered prenatal asphyxia, more sophisticated techniques are necessary
      for an accurate assessment of fetal condition during labour.

PMID- 1220607
TI  - Hypernatraemia as a cause of intracranial haemorrhage.
AB  - 29 definite intracranial haemorrhages and 4 suspected ones occurred during a 25
      month period during which 10 072 live infants were born. There were 4 subdural
      haemorrhages (all fatal), 4 isolated subarachnoid haemorrhages (2 fatal), and 21
      intraventricular haemorrhages (all fatal--2 beyond the neonatal period). There
      was no evidence of a causal relation between intraventricular haemorrhage and
      either hypernatraemia or large sodium intakes. There were too few cases of other
      types of intracranial haemorrhage to draw any aetiological conclusions.

PMID- 1220606
TI  - Anticerebral oedema therapy in Reye's syndrome.
AB  - Sixteen patients with Reye's syndrome were seen over a 3-year period and treated
      with conservative management with an overall mortality of 31%. 6 of the 16 had
      illness limited to stages II and III. Intensive therapy of suspected cerebral
      oedema, with careful monitoring of serum osmolarity, was associated with survival
      in 5 of 10 patients with stage IV disease. The risks of lumbar puncture in the
      presence of cerebral oedema (stages III-IV) are emphasized. A change in clinical
      status (usually a reversal to a less severe stage and an improved
      electroencephalogram) was seen within hours of starting anticerebral oedema
      therapy. Neurological sequelae (memory deficit, hemiparesis, hemiballismic
      movements, and delayed motor milestones) that were present in stage IV survivors
      at discharge were absent 12 months after discharge. Conservative supportive
      management emphasizing treatment of presumed cerebral oedema in severe cases of
      Reye's syndrome has a  mortality comparable to that occurring in exchange
      transfusion or peritoneal dialysis. This form of therapy should be included in
      controlled trials to determine which form of therapy is optimal.

PMID- 1220608
TI  - Factors predisposing to a complicated initial febrile convulsion.
AB  - 131 consecutive admissions to hospital for a first febrile convulsion were
      studied to find which factors predisposed to a complicated fit--defined as one
      lasting more than 30 minutes, unilateral, or repeated within the same illness. A
      significant excess of complicated attacks occurred where the age of onset was
      less than 16 months, where both family history of convulsive disorder and
      perinatal abnormality were present, and, in females only, where it was suspected
      that neurological disorder preceded the first fit.

PMID- 1220609
TI  - Lamellation of the diploe in the skulls of patients with sickle cell anaemia.
AB  - This study describes the radiological and pathological findings in a necropsy
      series of 70 skulls of Nigerian patients with sickle cell gene, and 70 controls
      matched for sex and age with no sickle cell gene. 6 (35%) of the 17 patients with
      sickle anaemia, or 17% of 35 patients with sickle cell gene excluding the trait,
      all under age 10 years, were shown to have bone trabeculae within the diploe
      arranged in stripes parallel to the curvature of the cranial tables on
      radiography. Histological examination of the skulls with curvilinear stripes
      showed long trabeculae of bone within the diploe similarly arranged in parallel
      rows but joint at variable intervals by short bridges of bone. The radiolucent
      areas between trabeculae corresponded to areas of marrow hyperplasia. A skull
      radiograph in an African child presenting with this radiological sign should
      raise the suspicion of sickel cell disease.

PMID- 1220610
TI  - Limb infections in infancy presenting with pseudoparalysis.
AB  - Three cases of pseudoparalysis in infancy are reported in which the appearance of
      localized infection in the affected limb was delayed for a variable period after
      the onset of pseudoparalysis. Blood cultures on admission in all cases were
      positive, and bacteraemia due to the three organisms isolated is discussed.

PMID- 1220611
TI  - Neonatal ascites from spontaneous rupture of the bladder.
AB  - Two premature infants who presented with neonatal ascites due to apparent
      spontaneous rupture of the bladder are described. In both children the site of
      bladder rupture was clearly shown, but neither at time of presentation nor at
      subsequent review at age 7 years and 7 months, respectively, was any other renal
      tract abnormality detected.

PMID- 1220612
TI  - Reye's syndrome associated with acute tubular necrosis.
AB  - Two cases of Reye's syndrome, complicated by acute reversible renal failure, are
      presented. One case followed an influenza A virus infection.

PMID- 1220613
TI  - Life tables for cystic fibrosis.
AB  - The past 5 years have seen a continuing improvement in life expectancy in cystic
      fibrosis.

PMID- 1220614
TI  - [Limiting amino acids of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) for chickens and pigs].
AB  - Three experiments, two with broilers and one with pig, were conducted to
      determine the limiting amino acids of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). In the first
      15% protein diets based on autoclaved chickpea were supplemented with methionine
      (0.20%), either alone or combined with threonine (0.025%) with no significant
      effect on growth or feed convertion of chicks; however, the addition of
      methionine tended to improve both parameters in relation to the unsupplemented
      diet. In the second experiment methionine (0.20%) and/or tryptophan (0.03%) were
      added to 15% protein diets based on either raw or autoclaved chickpeas. Cooking
      improved growth and feed efficiency in relation to the raw controls (P less than
      .05); methionine supplementation was beneficial for both raw and autoclaved diets
      (P less than .01); the addition of tryptophan was favourable only for the cooked
      chickpeas. A third experiment was conducted with weanling pigs to study the
      effect of methionine supplementation to sorghum-chickpea diets with 14 and 12%
      protein. In both cases, the addition of the sulphur amino acid improved growth
      and efficiency to the levels obtained with a 15.34% protein sorghum-soybean meal
      control.

PMID- 1220616
TI  - [Stress caused by immobilization and low protein intake in rats. Morphological
      changes].
AB  - The periodic immobilization of the animals receiving a control diet resulted in a
      smaller weight gain than in controls. The animals fed a protein deficient diet
      gained also less weight as compared to controls. The association of the
      deficiency and the stress of immobilization further decreases the weight gain,
      but the differences were not significant. The animals submitted to restraint or
      protein deficiency stress showed an increase in their heart weight in relation to
      body weight. This increase in more significant when immobilization and protein
      deficiency were associated. The degree of cardiac muscle fibers damage was also
      found more pronounced in this group of animals, when analysed through
      histochemical methods. Liver weight was not found different in the animals
      submitted to the experimental program. Histological examination of this organ
      showed fatty infiltration in the protein deficient animals. The picture was not
      found to be agravated when the animals were further stimulated by the restraint
      mechanism. Spleen weight was found to be similar in all groups. Histological
      study of the protein deficient group showed small lesions, that were increased
      when the deficiency was associated to immobilization. The relative testis weight
      of the restraint animals receiving the control diet was found to be similar to
      the animals not immobilized. The protein deficient animals have significantly
      smaller testis weight than the well nourished group. The histologic study showed
      that restraint or protein deficiency are responsible for a sexually retarded
      animal, but the lesions increased with the association of restraint and
      deficiency.

PMID- 1220615
TI  - [Stress due to immobilization and low protein intake in rats. Biochemical
      changes].
AB  - Rats fed a control casein diet, when exposed to immobilization, loose more
      nitrogen, urea and vitamin C in urine. Animals receiving a protein deficient diet
      excrete less nitrogen, urea and ascorbic acid in urine than their controls. When
      protein deficiency and immobilization are associated, there is not an increase on
      the urinary excretion of those substance compared to the deficient animals.

PMID- 1220617
TI  - [Nutritional studies with rice bran].
AB  - The nutritional value and proximate chemical composition of five samples of rice
      bran taken from different varieties of rice grown in Venezuela was studied.
      Thiamin, niacin, riboflavin and tryptophan, lysine, methionine and cystine were
      analyzed. The apparent protein digestibility was between 59 an 74%, and the
      Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) between 1.19 and 2.31. The supplementation with
      threonine increased the Protein Efficiency Ratio in 12%, but supplementation with
      tryptophan did not improve it neither alone nor combined with threonine.
      Combinations with corn and soyflour that simulate formulas for infants showed
      that there is a protein supplementation in these mixtures. Some combinations with
      corn, soy flour, and rice bran had the same P.E.R. as casein. The rice bran is an
      excellent source of vitamins and minerals in these combinations. The results
      showed that rice bran has potential value for human consumption.

PMID- 1220618
TI  - [Contribution of organ culture to the pathogenic study of celiac disease].

PMID- 1220619
TI  - [Celiac disease in adults. (48 cases) I. Anatomo-clinical, biological and
      radiological study; its course under a non-gluten diet].

PMID- 1220620
TI  - [Gluten-free diet and the course of celiac disease in adults].

PMID- 1220621
TI  - [Study of intestinal absorption of water, electrolysis and glucose in celiac
      disease in adults by the intestinal perfusion method].

PMID- 1220622
TI  - [Sclerosing cholangitis in patients with hemorrhagic rectocolitis. Report of 2
      cases].

PMID- 1220624
TI  - [Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus. Study of a case and review of the literature].

PMID- 1220623
TI  - [Liver lesions associated with chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1220625
TI  - [Spontaneous subcapsular hematoma of the liver in adults excluding pregnancy].

PMID- 1220626
TI  - [Clinical extraheptic manifestations of chronic hepatitis and primary biliary
      cirrhosis].

PMID- 1220627
TI  - Pharmacologic properties of gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its derivatives. V.
      Anticonvulsant action of alpha-,beta-, and gama-phenyl derivatives of GABA and
      their lactams.
AB  - The influence of alpha, beta, and gamma-phenyl derivatives of gamma-aminobutyric
      acid (GABA) and their lactams on convulsions induced with pentetrazole, bemegride
      and strychnine, and with electric current, were studied. All the lactams
      exhibited anticonvulsant action, prolonged the latent period of action of the
      convulsants, and in some cases diminished mortality due to intoxication. Acid
      forms were devoid of anticonvulsant properties, and in some cases even
      potentiated convulsions.

PMID- 1220628
TI  - Influence of fluorostigmine on some parameters of the catecholaminergic and
      serotoninergic systems in the mouse brain.
AB  - Fluorostigmine (DFP) injected i.p. in doses of 2-45 and 5-0 mg/kg in mice
      distinctly lowered levels of noradrenaline in the brain, raised levels of
      dopamine slightly, and very distinctly raised levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5
      hydroxyindoleacetic acid. The same dose also weakened MAO activity and diminished
      oxygen uptake by brain tissue. Drugs which antagonized the above-mentioned
      changes in the levels of biogenic amine (L-DOPA, PCPA, reserpine) or blocked
      receptors (phentolamine) only slightly diminished acute toxicity of DFP. On the
      other hand, a-methyl-p-tyrosine, d,l-tryptophane and nialamide had virtually no
      effect on acute toxicity.

PMID- 1220629
TI  - Influence of some antidepressant drugs on the circulatory system. I. Imipramine.
AB  - Imipramine exerts various, dose-related, effects on arterial blood pressure. A
      distinct hypotensive effect occurs at dosses of at least 0-5 mg/kg body weight.
      At lower dosage, the action of the drug is biphasic. In experiments in situ with
      animals, imipramine diminished amplitude of the heart's contractions. Controlled
      respiration during experiments with imipramine reduced its toxicity. In
      decapitated animals the action of imipramine was the same as in animals with
      intact central nervous system. At all dosage levels its effect on blood pressure
      was biphasic. Blockade of the sympathetic, parasympathetic system and vegetative
      ganglia had no significant effect on the circulatory response to imipramine. Low
      doses of imipramine potentiated the hypertensive effect of noradrenaline, and
      high doses weakened it.

PMID- 1220630
TI  - Influence of some antidepressant drugs on the circulatory system: II. Action of
      amitriptyline and nortriptyline on basic circulatory parameters.
AB  - Amitriptyline and nortriptyline in doses higher than 0.5 mg/kg exert a
      hypotensive action, and doses of less than 0-5 mg/kg have no characteristic
      effect on blood pressure. Both drugs diminished amplitude of cardiac contractions
      in situ in experimental animals. Low doses increased frequency and amplitude of
      respirations, and higher doses paralyzed respiratory function. Animals died as a
      result of paralysis of the respiratory center. In decapitated animals both drugs
      exhibited activity similar to that in animals with intact central nervous system,
      but their hypotensive effect was less pronounced. Blockade of the sympathetic and
      parasympathetic systems and of vegetative ganglia had no influence on the action
      of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on blood pressure. In low doses both
      amitriptyline and nortriptyline potentiated, and in high doses weakened the
      hypertensive effect of noradrenaline.

PMID- 1220631
TI  - Influence of imipramine on the circulatory system in the course of endogenous
      depressive syndromes. II. Influence of imipramine on vascular reflexes.
AB  - In patients with endogenous depression imipramine normalizes vascular responses
      in vegetative tests (orthostatic test, Schellong's test, cold pressor test). The
      highest percentages of normal vegetative tests during treatment with imipramine
      were observed in patients in remission of symptoms of depression. The orthostatic
      tests seem to have the highest diagnostic value. In tests based on measurement of
      surface temperature imipramine improved function of the vascular system.

PMID- 1220632
TI  - New derivatives of 2-carboxychromanone-4 as potential antiinflammatory drugs. I.
      Cis-and trans-beta-2,4-dihydroxybenzoylacrylic acids and their derivatives.
AB  - Proof is presented that the product of the reaction of resorcin and maleic
      anhydride in the presence of aluminum chloride in ethylene chloride solutions is
      cis-beta-2,4-dihydroxybenzoylacrylic acid (I). Cis and trans acids (I and II)
      were isomerized to 2-carboxy-7-hydroxychromanone-4(III). Reactions of acetylation
      of compounds I, II and III were studied.

PMID- 1220633
TI  - Influence of disorders of adrenal function of activity and pharmacokinetics of
      some neurotropic drugs. I. Influence of adrenalectomy on potency and
      pharmacokinetics of drugs.
AB  - The influence of disorders of adrenal function on pharmacodynamics and
      biotransformation of selected neurotropic drugs was studied. Pharmacodynamic
      activity of salicylamide, morphine and hexobarbital were investigated.
      Pharmacokinetic parameters of salicylamide and hexobarbital were determined.

PMID- 1220635
TI  - Experimental studies on activation of the kininogenic system after exclusion of
      the hepatic circulation.
AB  - Levels of kininogen and kallikrein activity were studied in the plasma of rabbits
      with ligated hepatic blood vessels. Ligation of hepatic veins and arteries
      arrested visceral circulation in the animals and produced symptoms of shock and
      death of the animals. Ligation of the superior mesenteric artery at the same time
      prevented these symptoms, creating an experimental model of exclusion of the
      liver. Fibrinolytic activation of the kininogenic system by intravenous injection
      of xanthinol nicotinate (Sadamin, Polfa) in rabbits with excluded hepatic blood
      circulation caused a rise in kallikrein activity and transient drop in levels of
      kininogen. Return to normal of kininogen levels in the animals with excluded
      liver indicated that the process of restoration of kininogen deficiency in the
      blood is a complex one, independent of direct kininogen synthesis in the liver or
      its release from the liver.

PMID- 1220634
TI  - Influence of adrenal dysfunction on activity and pharmacokinetics of some
      neutropic drugs. II. Influence of chronic premedication with dexamethasone on
      pharmacodynamic activity and pharmacokinetics of drugs.
AB  - The influence of long-term administration of dexamethasone on pharmacodynamic
      activity and biotransformation of salicylamide and hexobarbital, including their
      absorption, distribution and excretion, were studied. Activities of the following
      enzymes were also determined: beta-glucuronidase (E.C.3.2.1.31),
      uridinediphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.22), uridinediphosphoglucuronyl
      transferase (E.C.2.4.1.17), uridinediphosphoglucuronic pyrophosphatase
      (E.C.3.6.1.9), and hexobarbital oxidase.

PMID- 1220636
TI  - Influence of cystamine on activity and biotransformation of hexobarbital.
AB  - Influence of cystamine on hypnotic potency and biotransformation of hexobarbital
      in rats was studied. Duration of hexobarbital-induced sleep was prolonged
      maximally by 42% on the first day after premedication, and by 37% on the third
      day. After six days, differences from the control group were within the limits of
      experimental error. Biotransformation of hexobarbital was only slightly inhibited
      in rats premedicated with cystamine, confirmed by determinations of hexobarbital
      oxidase activity. Excretion of hexobarbital and its metabolites was delayed.

PMID- 1220637
TI  - Sesquiterpene lactones. XVI. In vitro studies on cytotoxic properties of
      sesquiterpene lactones in tissue cultures of human and animal malignant cells.
AB  - Cytoxicity of 18 new sesquiterpene lactones and related compounds was studied by
      tissue culture method using human malignant KB and HeLa cells, normal RK 13
      animal cells, and by the modified plate test of Miyamura. On the basis of
      criteria of CCNSC HIH, USA, seven compounds with ED50 activities between 0-41 and
      3-5 mug/ml were qualified for further investigation in vivo. Cytotoxic activity
      of sesquiterpene lactones was dependent on presence of an unsaturated lactone
      ring, (see article). As a rule activity of germacranolids was higher than that of
      guaianolides.

PMID- 1220638
TI  - Sesquiterpene lactones XVII. Cytostatic and pharmacological activity.
AB  - Of four lactones studied in the systems Sa-180, EAC and L-1210, two compounds:
      alatolide, (ALA) and eupatoriopicrin (EUPP), according to the criteria of CCNSC,
      showed high cytostatic activity, and ursiniolide A (URSA) "moderate" cytostatic
      activity against at least one type of transplantable tumor. Two compounds were
      selected for further confirmatory investigation: EUPP, which gave 92% inhibition
      of EAC and 60% increase in survival of animals bearing Leukemia L-1210; and ALA,
      which gave 96% inhibition of growth of EAC.

PMID- 1220639
TI  - Experimental benzene poisoning.
AB  - In guinea pigs poisoned with benzene fumes, early signs of biochemical impairment
      of the liver parenchyma were demonstrated. Enzyme activities and serum proteins
      were assayed in the blood of the animals. The results indicate the need for liver
      function testing in workers exposed to the toxic action of benzene.

PMID- 1220640
TI  - [Methodology of therapeutic trials in psychopharmacology (author's transl)].
AB  - The paper discusses the general methodologic aspects of therapeutic trials in
      psychopharmacology under three main headings: definition of the concepts of
      disease, treatment, and healing. In each case, the author discusses the main
      difficulties, and gives concrete examples. In conclusions, the complexity of the
      methodologic problems is stressed, but the author considers that the cost of
      using correct experimental designs is more than balanced by the safety of the
      statistical conclusions.

PMID- 1220641
TI  - [Spontaneous recovery or successful therapy? A diagnostic and catamnestic problem
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The assertion often made very emphatically and predominantly by laymen that
      analytic psychotherapy does not help the patient is seen here as a problem still
      under review. The author gives due consideration to the control group, the
      diagnosis, the percentage of follow-up examinations in relation to the original
      case material, additional therapeutical components effective during
      psychotherapy, and to the various factors promoting spontaneous recovery.

PMID- 1220642
TI  - [Medico-sociologic analyses of the effectiveness of psychiatric consultation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Certain observations led us to test the validity of the general assumption that
      hysterical syndromes occur more frequently among those inpatients who are refered
      to us from other departments of our faculty than among the psychiatric
      outpatients referred by private physicians. Such an assumption was verified in
      both hysterical neurotics and hysterical personality structures. Moreover, phobic
      neurotics, and depressive as well as infantile personality structures were
      underrepresented among the nonpsychiatric inpatients. These findings revealed a
      selection in psychiatric consultation. The social environment usually reacts to
      hysterical syndromes by showing vivid affective rejection; infantile syndromes
      are usually met by complementary protective attitudes. Phobic syndromes and
      depressive personality structures lead to withdrawal. We are inclined to believe
      that certain patterns of reactions of staff within the close communication
      network in a ward are responsible for the above mentioned selection. As far as
      therapy is concerned nonpsychiatric physicians deviated from the advice given by
      psychiatrists only in the case of psychogenic psychosyndromes. Despite specific
      psychiatric advice, their therapeutic measures tended to be uniform. Apparently
      the non-psychiatrist does not regard psychogenic psychosyndromes as diseases due
      to the lack of objective consideration. In summary: It appears that the neutral
      patient-clinician interaction is disturbed in the case of psychogenic
      psychosyndromes. This fact limits the effectiveness of "indications" and
      "therapy" in psychiatric consultation, especially if we bear in mind that
      psychogenic syndromes constitute by far the most prevalent psychic disturbances.

PMID- 1220643
TI  - [Two-dimensional ultrasonic diagnosis of brain tumors and subdural hematomas by
      electronic sector scanning (author's transl)].
AB  - Electronic sector scanning (ESS) is a new two-dimensional ultrasonic technique
      which provides continuous and instantaneous cross-sections of intracranial
      structures through the intact skull, including the ventricles and large cerebral
      arteries, by means of a stationary probe. 2. The efficiency of the ESS in the
      diagnosis of brain tumors and extracerebral hematomas in 295 neuroradiologically
      controlled cases out of an unselected number of patients during 1972-1974 is
      described. 3. Supratentorial brain tumors can be detected directly with the ESS
      by abnoramal reflections of the tumors as well as indirectly by displacement of
      intracranial reference structures, mainly the ventricular borders. In 239 cases
      of suspected brain tumor, 126 were neurodiologically confirmed as supratentorial
      brain tumors. Among these 126 brain tumors the correct localization was
      determined by the ESS in 86.5%. 4. The highest reliability of the ESS proved to
      be the direct demonstration of frontal tumors (93%), whereas space-occupying
      lesions near the midline could be shown only in 79%. Up to now there have been
      difficulties in the diagnosis of tumors situated near bony structures, e.g.,
      calvarian meningiomas. 5. Subdural hematomas (56 patients) could be lateralized
      correctly in 93%. Hwever, direct demonstration of the border of the hematomas
      could be achieved only in 48,2%. Chronic subdural hematomas in children are
      easier to recognize and the border could be demonstrated in 18 out of 19 cases.
      6. The clinical applicability and diagnostic values of the ESS as a nontraumatic
      investigation procedure are discussed in comparison to cerebral angiography,
      pneumoencephalography, brain scintigraphy, and CAT scan. scintigraphy, and CAT
      scan.

PMID- 1220644
TI  - Some recent developments in psychiatric genetics.
AB  - The methods and results of some recent family, twin and adoption studies of
      childhood behaviour disorders, crime, alcoholism, psychopathic personality and
      neurosis are briefly described. The data of Slater (1938) on the parents and
      children of manic-depressives are reanalysed. Bipolar affective illness were more
      frequent in the families of bipolar than unipolar probands. There was no support
      for sex-linked inheritance in either group or for further genetic subdivision of
      the unipolar group according to age of onset or alcoholic or psychopathic family
      history. It is suggested that for the time being we may have to be satisfied with
      three broad and aetiologically overlapping clinical types of depression: bipolar,
      unipolar and reactive.

PMID- 1220645
TI  - [The influence of an early brain damage on psychic diseases in adulthood. A study
      documented by the AMP-system (author's transl)].
AB  - The data of 1926 psychiatric in-patients documented by the AMP-system were
      evaluated with respect to the anamnestic item "early brain damage". There were 82
      cases (4.26%). For each patient with an early brain damage a control-case matched
      for age, sex and diagnosis was selected. Patients with mental handicaps were
      examined seperately. For methodical reasons the demonstrated frequencies are an
      underestimation, and subtle differences between index- and controlgroups are not
      expected to be visible, but those differences which could be found, will be real.
      The highest frequency for "early brain damage" was found in the diagnostic group
      which also contained the psychic disturbances in epilepsy. Among neuroses and
      schizophrenia the item was found with the average-frequency of the total
      psychiatric population. It was under-represented among affective psychoses and
      involutional diseases. An early brain damage predisposed to an earlier age of
      first manifestation, and the psychic disease showed a more chronic course.
      Hypotheses concerning the uneven distribution over the diagnostic spectrum were
      discussed with particular emphasis on the fact that hypoxic perinatal
      disturbances do not lead to diffuse and unspecific consequences, but
      predominantly to a sensory impairment and possibly to a deficit in the aminergic
      system. Early brain damage was also discussed as one mode of the transmission of
      psychic diseases.

PMID- 1220647
TI  - [Acid-base and electrolyte correlations in blood and fluid in alcoholic delirium
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The gas and electrolyte homeostatic changes in arterialized capillary blood were
      studied in 51 patients with acute alcoholic psychosis. In 29 patients the blood
      and fluid data were correlated. It was established that acute alcohol delirium is
      mostly accompanied by alkalosis of metabolic, respiratory, or mixed origin.
      Irrespective of the approximate uniformity of blood and fluid changes, there is a
      distinctly expressed imbalance between the different parameters. After subsidence
      of psychotic symptoms (7-10 days after admittance) fluid acid-base fluctuations
      were to some extent still observable. They manifested greater resistance in
      comparison with blood.

PMID- 1220648
TI  - [The morphology of the microcirculatory system of the visceral pleura in chronic
      non-specific lung diseases].
AB  - In chronic nonspecific diseases of the lungs lesions of the microcirculatory
      system of the visceral pleura are of generalized character. The most marked
      changes were observed in postcapillary and venular links of the
      microhemocirculation. A pronounced hypertrophy of the venular department and
      rearrangement of the postcapillary network were noted. The microcirculatory
      lymphatic system was found to be considerably developed. Along with the
      functioning lymphatic network there were seen emptying sclerosing lymphatic
      vessels. The changes in vascular terminals revealed were directly dependent upon
      the duration of the disease, character of expansion of the process in the lungs,
      degree of cardiopulmonary incompetence. Moreover, disorders of rheological
      properties of the blood and permeability of vessels were observed, these
      disorders being particularly pronounced in exacerbation of chronic pneumonia and
      cor pulmonale insufficiency of II-III degree. It may be assumed that changes in
      the microcirculation system in chronic nonspecific lung diseases may represent
      both an important link in the compensatory mechanisms at early stages of the
      disease and also a cause of deep irreversible metabolic disturbances in
      persisting and progressing process in the lungs.

PMID- 1220646
TI  - [Dichloroethane poisoning with myoclonic syndrome, seizures and irreversible
      cerebral defects (author's transl)].
AB  - A 48-year-old man, who took by mistake a sip of ointment containing
      dichloroethane, survived, and showed a course of two phases of toxic symptoms.
      After an initial narcosis and an interval with few pathological symptoms
      seizures, myoclonia and somnolence occurred. Irreversible final disturbances were
      lasting mental defects, cerebellar dysarthria, ataxia, and hydrocephalus.
      Concomitant diseases were acute liver dystrophy, nephropathy, and anemia. The
      clinical picture of dichoroethane posoning is outlines, the pathogenesis of this
      particular cerebral lesion described, and the therapy discussed.

PMID- 1220649
TI  - The technique for application of measuring ruler for karyometry.
AB  - A technique for measuring sectional plane of nuclei with the help of measuring
      ruler is described. The ruler may be of any transparent or opaque material with
      contours of measuring figures plotted on it. The area of the latter corresponds
      to that of nuclei projection maximal for this or that class under definite
      magnification. The article comprises also calculations of classes of nuclei,
      areas of measuring figures. The process of measurement consists in confrontation
      of the projection of the nucleus under study with measuring figures plotted on
      the measuring ruler in strict sequence from a smaller figure to bigger one.

PMID- 1220650
TI  - [Radioisotopic visualization of the cardiopulmonary blood flow in surgical heart
      diseases].

PMID- 1220651
TI  - [Introduction to a study of non protein bound hormones. Dynamics of steroid
      protein binding].

PMID- 1220652
TI  - Prenatal infection with Fasciola Hepatica in calves.
AB  - The livers from 16,776 calves 1 to 3 weeks of age slaughtered at Shepparton
      abattoirs were examined for gross evidence of infection with Fasciola hepatica.
      Those livers with thickened bile ducts were examined for the presence of liver
      fluke by slicing. One hundred and eight F. hepatica were collected from 84 of
      these livers, giving a minimum prevalence rate of prenatal infection of calves of
      0.5%. These results are discussed in context with reports from other countries.

PMID- 1220653
TI  - The efficiency of clioxanide and rafoxanide against Fasciola hepatica in sheep by
      different routes of administration.
AB  - Groups of sheep were infected with 100 viable metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica.
      The efficiencies of clioxanide and rafoxanide were evaluated against infections
      aged 6 and 12 weeks, by using 3 dose rates of each compound by each of 3 routes
      of administration. Clioxanide, at 40 mg/kg, administered orally and intra
      ruminally against 6-week-old liver fluke was 85 and 90% efficient respectively.
      At 80 mg/kg intra-abomasally its efficiency was 43%. Clioxanide at 20 mg/kg was
      96% efficient against 12-week-old liver fluke when given orally or intra
      ruminally and 82% efficient when given intra-abomasally. Because of its lower
      efficiency intra-abomasally, clioxanide may be unsatisfactory in a proportion of
      sheep, for use against immature liver fluke at a dose rate of 40 mg/kg. It may be
      expected to give a moderate to high efficiency against mature infections at 20
      mg/kg.

PMID- 1220654
TI  - 59Fe utilisation and excretion in anaemia of cattle caused by Pimelea
      trichostachya intoxication.
AB  - Experimental chronic Pimelea poisoning, with severe anaemia, was produced in 4
      calves by daily oral dose rates of Pimelea trichostachya of between 20 to 60
      mg/kg body weight of whole plant. Bone marrow function was studied before and
      during intoxication using 59Fe to determine plasma iron clearance rates,
      intraerythrocytic iron incorporation rates and percentage iron uptake, and faecal
      blood loss was measured before and during intoxication. It was shown that bone
      marrow activity was neither significantly depressed nor enhanced during
      intoxication. There was however, evidence of a slight increase in erythrocyte
      maturation rate. Reticulocytosis was not observed during the development of
      anaemia, but did occur in 3 of the calves shortly before death.

PMID- 1220655
TI  - Cattle and the paralysis tick Ixodes holocyclus.
AB  - Paralysis of domestic stock by the paralysis tick Ixodes holocyclus is chiefly a
      disease of young animals (especially calves) and of non-habituated stock
      introduced into tick-infested country in spring. The tick has a wide host range,
      but its principal hosts are bandicoots. The tick has one generation per year and
      the adult female, which causes almost all paralysis, is abundant in spring and
      early summer and occurs most commonly in overgrown or regrowth country where
      bandicoots are abundant. The distribution and behavior of the long and the short
      nosed bandicoots are reviewed. The number of ticks required to induce paralysis
      in cattle and the protection from paralysis afforded by prior experience of the
      tick are discussed.

PMID- 1220656
TI  - Wimmera rye grass toxicity in Western Australia.
AB  - Outbreaks of Wimmera rye grass toxicity in the south-west of Western Australia,
      and the associated distribution of Wimmera rye grass parasitised by Anguina sp
      and Corynebacterium sp were investigated. Between 1970 and 1974, 58 outbreaks
      occurred on 26 farms in sheep and cattle grazing pasture, cereal crop, stubble,
      screenings, or hay containing parasitised Wimmera rye grass. Morbidity rates up
      to 77% were observed. Clinical signs were characterised by staggering, collapse,
      periods of convulsions and other nervous signs, often followed by death. A pale,
      friable liver and haemorrhages in different organs were the most constant gross
      autopsy findings, but no specific histopathological changes were observed.
      Symptomatic treatment of affected animals and agronomic control measures
      attempted by farmers were unsuccessful in controlling the disease.

PMID- 1220657
TI  - Letter: Demonstration of reovirus-like particles in intestinal contents of
      piglets with diarrhoea.

PMID- 1220658
TI  - Letter: Calculi in the reticulum of a steer.

PMID- 1220659
TI  - Letter: Use of half doses of bovine semen for insemination.

PMID- 1220660
TI  - Letter: Prenatal Babesia bigemina infection in a calf.

PMID- 1220661
TI  - Letter: Neurotoxicosis in pigs caused by excessive arsanilic acid ingestion:
      clinical observations.

PMID- 1220662
TI  - [Quantitative morphology of the coronary arteries in the second and third decades
      of life (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. In 8 cases in the second decade and 10 cases in the third decade without
      coronary sclerosis and 5 cases with early sclerosis quantitative measurements
      were made on graded sections of the coronary arteries which were fixed in toto by
      compression. The surfaces of the lumen, intima and media were determined
      planimetrically and the thickness of the intima and media and the radius of the
      lumen of the three main branches of the coronary arteries were determined
      micrometrically. A post-mortem coronary angiogram was made of each heart and the
      connective tissue content of the right and left heart was determined
      planimetrically. 2. Higher values are found in the absolute measurements of
      surface and thickness of each cross-section in the third decade than in the
      second. In both age groups the anterior descending ramus is predominant in all
      criteria. About the end of the second decade the intima attains the thickness of
      the media and shows the greatest variability of all parameters, especially in the
      second decade. In both decades the media plays an equally important role in
      growth as the intima. In the anterior descending ramus the intima has a higher
      percentage growth rate than in the right coronary artery and in the left ramus
      circumflexus. In the third decade it has reached a mean thickness of 122 mu in
      the initial part of the anterior descending ramus and a mean surface area of 1.18
      mm2. In the same area the mean thickness of the media also in the third decade,
      would be 124 mu, and the mean surface area of the media 1.64 mm2. 3. The indices
      of coronary sclerosis and coronary insufficiency were determined by the method of
      Freudenberg, Knieriem, Moller and Janzen (1974). Using the mean values for the
      second and third decades and calculating the regression in the fourth to seventh
      decades, we found as upper normal limits a coronary sclerosis index of I = 0.3
      for hearts without coronary sclerosis, for the coronary sclerosis index II = 0.6,
      for the coronary insufficiency index I = 0.3, for the coronary insufficiency
      index II = 0.6 and for the coronary insufficiency index III = 1.0.

PMID- 1220663
TI  - [Experimental visualization of the ventricular conduction system of the heart
      intra vitam (author's transl)].
AB  - The in-vivo tolerability of an in vitro in cow, calf and sheep hearts developed
      method for radiologic visualization of the left ventricular conduction system is
      tested in four animal experiments. The clinical in-vivo tolerability could be
      demonstrated on principle; however, it is to accent that hypertonic X-ray
      contrast dyes may be the cause of morphological changes in the micro- and
      ultrastructures of the specialised musculature of unknown dignity.

PMID- 1220665
TI  - Effect of carotid sinus nerve stimulation on coronary blood flow in myocardial
      ischaemia: role of the collateral vessels.
AB  - The carotid sinus nerves of dogs were electrically stimulated to reveal reflex
      effects exerted on the coronary blood flow both in normal and ischaemic states.
      Myocardia ischaemia was produced by occlusion of the left anterior descending
      (LAD) coronary artery. In 10 experiments the coronary sinus outflow was measured
      as an index of the overall coronary flow; in 30 cases the local myocardial blood
      flow was registered by means of the heat clearance technique. In the overall
      coronary flow carotid sinus nerve stimulation (CSNS) elicited coronary
      dilatation. After acute LAD occlusion this effect was slightly potentiated. A
      similar but significantly greater potentiation was observed in the local reflex
      vascular dilatation recorded with the aid of the thermal probes immediately after
      LAD occlusion when the myocardial area explored was supplied exclusively by
      collateral channels. 24-48 hours and 5-64 days after the coronary ligation the
      effect of the CSNS on the local blood flow was tested in the developing and the
      regenerative phases of the myocardial infarction. In both phases an enhanced
      reflex dilatation was found in the collateral-dependent ischaemic areas as
      compared to the myocardial areas supplied by the normal vessels. The results
      suggest that reflexly induced intrinsic redistribution of the myocardial blood
      flow is one of the mechanisms responsible for the therapeutical effects of the
      CSNS.

PMID- 1220664
TI  - [The exogenous and genetic components of some vessel wall characteristics in the
      pig (author's transl)].
AB  - Insufficiencies of the circulatory system and increasing transport losses in pigs
      as well as analogies with respect to atherosclerosis of men and swine were the
      motives for a broad statistical investigation of important characteristics of the
      circulatory system in a big population of female German landrace pigs, fattened
      as progeny groups under identical conditions in a testing station and slaughtered
      at 100 kg weight. As the most essential results, highly significant seasonal and
      genetical influences on several traits are to be mentioned, and some meaningful
      correlations between them: Plasma cholesterol, ceruloplasmin and hematocrit
      showed markedly lower levels in the summer and increased values in the cold
      season; the thickness of the intima (aorta and arteria pulmonalis) was quite
      distinctly greatest in the spring, this phenomenon being almost exactly
      paralleled by augmented amounts of copper and iron in the aortic wall. Increased
      heart weights were again found in the cold, decreased ones in the warm seasons.
      On average, bigger hearts and vessels were accompanied by higher elastin contents
      of the aorta, but these contents stood in very significant negative correlation
      to the ash content and the amounts of certain mineral components (Ca, Mg and P)
      of the vessel wall, especially to the ash percentage of the elastic fibers. This
      indicates that calcifying and mineralizing processes in the wall obviously take
      place at the cost of the elastic components. The estimation of heritabilities in
      half and full sibs revealed with h2 = 60% high henetic influences on the elastin
      content of the aorta and equally so on the ash percentage of elastic fibers.
      Future investigations must correlate these findings with direct measurements of
      biomechanical and rheological properties of the vessels.

PMID- 1220666
TI  - [The determinants of intramyocardial pressure (author's transl)].
AB  - In 20 open-chest dogs intramyocardial pressure was measured simultaneously in two
      regions: a) in the normal myocardium (IMPsp) b) in a controlled perfused area of
      the myocardium, supplied by a cannulated coronary artery (IMPp). The preparation
      permitted the study of the influence of contractility, ventricular pressure and
      coronary blood flow on IMP. 1. A 47% change in coronary flow with a 26% change in
      coronary perfusion pressure results in changes of systolic and diastolic IMPp of
      14% and 29% respectively. These effects can be explained by variations of
      intramural fluid content and, hence, of diastolic fiber length. 2. Changes of
      systolic ventricular pressure (mean 27%) by preload variations result in a mean
      change of systolic IMPsp of 19% and of systolic IMPp of 11%. 3. Changes of
      systolic ventricular pressure (mean 33%) by afterload variations augment IMPsp by
      30% and IMPp by 13%. 4. The increases of IMPsp and IMPp induced by instantaneous
      changes of afterload are equal. The most important determinants of IMP are
      myocardial contractility, coronary perfusion and intraventricular pressure. The
      influence of coronary perfusion and ventricular pressure on IMP is of the same
      order of magnitude.

PMID- 1220667
TI  - Purkinje fibre glycogen. A morphologic and biochemical study of glycogen
      particles isolated from the cow conducting system.
AB  - Glycogen from the cow conducting system was extracted by crude and mild methods.
      For comparison similar extractions were also performed on cow ordinary
      ventricular tissue. Glycogen particles from the conducting system, isolated by a
      mild method, were characterized by a low molecular weight (3-5 X 10(6)) and small
      dimensions (average diameter about 30 nm). 3.5-7% protein was firmly bound to the
      glycogen. The glycogen, based on spectrophotometric analysis, appeared to be in a
      native state. Glycogen as a polysaccharide-protein complex can thus be obtained
      from the cow conducting system and is proposed to be useful for analysis of the
      structure and function of glycogen in the conducting system.

PMID- 1220669
TI  - Scanning and transmission EM of rat kidney following low dose mercuric chloride
      administration.
AB  - The development of necrosis and the subsequent regeneration of the proximal
      tubular epithelium located in the cortex and the outer medulla of the rat kidney
      following subcutaneous injection of 2 mg of mercuric chloride per kilogram of
      body weight was observed utilizing light micromicroscopy (LM), transmission
      electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cortical
      proximal tubules were largely free of injury. In the medullary proximal tubules,
      the residual, undamaged cells underwent a change in phenotype appearance
      involving loss of the microvillus border, a decrease in cell height, and an
      increase in cytoplasmic ribosomes. These cells phagocytosed luminal debris. With
      time the cell height gradually increased, specialized organelles returned, and
      the luminal microvilli progressed from short, sparse profiles, to tufts of longer
      microvilli and finally the brush border was completely reformed. Some kidneys
      contained calcified tubules which regenerated more slowly than damaged but
      uncalcified tubules. Similarly, the medullary segments of the proximal tubules
      regenerated more slowly than the juxtamedullary region. Clusters of epithelial
      cells were occasionally seen growing into the tubular lumina during regeneration.
      Marked intersitial leukocyte infiltrations were observed.

PMID- 1220668
TI  - [Myocardial electrolytes in "cardioplegic" myocardosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Changes of the mineral concentrations of the heart muscle can point at
      disturbances of myocardial metabolism. Disturbances of heart muscle with
      functional loss and without coronary or inflammatory heart disease are called
      myocardosis, especially cardioplegic myocardosis after open-heart surgery with
      extracorporal bypass. 30 dogs were examined in three groups varying the method of
      induced cardiac arrest: 1. ischemic cardiac arrest by clamping the ascending
      aorta, 2. functional cardiac arrest by electrically induced fibrillation and 3.
      ischemic cardiac arrest and in addition injection of a Mg-aspartate-procain
      solution. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, copper and zinc were analyzed by
      atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Specimens from the left and right
      ventricular wall were examined before and after extracorporal circulation. After
      a recovery period for one hour the dogs were killed and specimens from the right
      and left ventricular wall and from the basis and apex of the interventricular
      septum were taken and reduced to ashes with mineral acids. In all animals changes
      of the mineral content were most marked after the recovery period. In all forms
      of cardiac arrest mineral metabolism showed monotone reactions: water content
      increased, potassium and magnesium decreased. Variations of mineral
      concentrations were more expressed in the right ventricular wall than in the
      left. Animals with cardiac arrest by electrically induced fibrillation indicated
      the smallest deviations from the basic values. The comparison of the values of
      dogs with sufficient circulation at the end of the experiments and those dogs
      with medicamentally or mechanically supported circulation at this time showed a
      more increased water content and simultaneously a decrease of all cations in the
      group with supported circulation. The decrease of the osmolality of the cations
      seems to be the metabolic answer to the increased cardioplegic damage of heart
      muscle.

PMID- 1220670
TI  - Goblet cells, enterochromaffin cells, superficial gastric-type epithelium and
      antral-type glands in the gallbladder.
AB  - From a material derived from routine investigations, 40 gallbladder specimens
      were selected in which metaplastic cells had been observed. All the
      cholecystectomies were performed for gallstones. Of the patients 6 were male and
      34 female. The mean age was 51.2 years. 36 specimens revealed goblet cells,
      enterochromaffin cells were found in 22, antral-type (pseudopyloric) glands in 23
      and islands of gastric surface epithelium in 15 specimens. Histochemical methods
      to visualize sulphated, non-sulphated acid and neutral mucins were used. Ordinary
      gallbladder epithelium showed a predominance of sulphated mucosubstance. Sporadic
      goblet cells usually occurred in so-called goblet cell areas which, if small,
      were located in the tops of folds and only when larger also in the deeper parts
      of folds. As the goblet cell area enlarged, the relative proportion of sulphated
      mucin diminished and correspondingly non-sulphated acid mucin increased, while
      neutral mucin was noted both in the goblet cells and in the intervening columnar
      cells. In 20 specimens there were enterochromaffin cells in the goblet cell areas
      while only 2 specimens revealed enterochromaffin cells outside the goblet cell
      area. The glands outside the neck region of the gallbladder resembled gastric
      antral glands in their general architecture and in the appearance of individual
      cells. A part from frequent enterochromaffin cells (in 12 specimens) the glands
      are composed of mucous cells. The glandular cells contained sulphated mucin, non
      sulphated acid and neutral mucin chiefly in the peripheral parts of glandular
      cells. In the gallbladders there were numerous abnormalities in some areas: heavy
      mucous secretion, goblet cells, enterochromaffin cells and superficial gastric
      type epithelial spots were seen chiefly in the upper parts of folds, while
      proliferation of antral-type glands occurred in the basal parts. It is probable
      that some common pathological factors are responsible for the frequent
      simultaneous appearance of different types of metaplasia.

PMID- 1220671
TI  - Electron microscopic study on permeability of coronary artery wall of
      normotensive rabbits using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer.
AB  - In order to study the pathways in the coronary artery vessel wall horseradish
      peroxidase (HRP) was used as a tracer. HRP was injected directly in the left
      ventricle of rabbit hearts. 30 seconds after intracardial injection of HRP in
      normotensive rabbits, peroxidase reaction products could be located in random
      areas of the coronary arterial system and could then be observed in all three
      layers of the coronary walls at these locations. HRP reaches the subendothelial
      space of the coronary arteries along two pathways: through intercellular
      junctions and by plasmalemmal vesicles. Through the fenestations of the internal
      elastic lamina HRP reaches the media and can be detected between the media smooth
      muscle cells. The influence of the methodology on the results is discussed.

PMID- 1220673
TI  - [The situation of pathological anatomy in France].

PMID- 1220672
TI  - Renal angiomyolipoma in a case of tuberous sclerosis, an electron microscopy
      study.
AB  - Electron microscopic study of bilateral renal angiomyolipoma in a case of
      tuberous sclerosis showed two cell types: smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts.
      There were no tubular or glomerular elements within the tumor mass. To our
      knowledge this study represents the first ultrastructural demonstration of smooth
      muscle cells occurring in the renal lesions of this complex.

PMID- 1220674
TI  - [Principles, indications and clinical picture of the manual therapy].

PMID- 1220675
TI  - [Electromyographic studies on the indurative myositis of the m.iliacus (sagittal
      blocking in the lumbo-iliosacral region)].

PMID- 1220676
TI  - [Manual therapy and psychotherapy].

PMID- 1220677
TI  - [Mobilization of joints using a hinged-traction apparatuses].

PMID- 1220678
TI  - Acetyl-coenzyme A hydrolase, an artifact? The conversion of acetyl-coenzyme A
      into acetate by the combined action of carnitine acetyltransferase and
      acetylcarnitine hydrolase.
AB  - 1. The nature of the acetyl-CoA hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.1) reaction in rat and sheep
      liver homogenates was investigated. 2. The activity determined in an incubated
      system was 5.10 and 3.28nmol/min per mg of protein for rat and sheep liver
      homogenate respectively. This activity was not affected by the addition of l
      carnitine, but was decreased by the addition of d-carnitine. 3. No acetyl-CoA
      hydrolase activity could be detected in rat or sheep liver homogenates first
      treated with Sephadex G-25. This treatment decreased the carnitine concentrations
      of the homogenates to about one-twentieth. Subsequent addition of l-carnitine,
      but not d-carnitine, restored the apparent acetyl-CoA hydrolase activity. 4.
      Sephadex treatment did not affect acetyl-carnitine hydrolase activity of the
      homogenates, which was 5.8 and 8.1nmol/min per mg of protein respectively for rat
      and sheep liver. 5. Direct spectrophotometric assay of acetyl-CoA hydrolase,
      based on the reaction of CoA released with 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid),
      clearly demonstrated that after Sephadex treatment no activity could be measured.
      6. Carnitine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) activity measured in the same assay
      system in response to added l-carnitine was very low in normal rat liver
      homogenates, owing to the apparent high acetyl-CoA hydrolase activity, but was
      increased markedly after Sephadex treatment. The V(max.) for this enzyme in rat
      liver homogenates was increased from 3.4 to 14.8nmol/min per mg of protein
      whereas the K(m) for l-carnitine was decreased from 936 to 32mum after Sephadex
      treatment. 7. Acetyl-CoA hydrolase activity could be demonstrated in disrupted
      rat liver mitochondria but not in separated outer or inner mitochondrial membrane
      fractions. Activity could be demonstrated after recombination of outer and inner
      mitochondrial membrane fractions. The outer mitochondrial membrane fraction
      showed acetylcarnitine hydrolase activity and the inner mitochondrial membrane
      fraction showed carnitine acetyltransferase activity. 8. The results presented
      here demonstrate that acetyl-CoA hydrolase activity in rat and sheep liver is an
      artifact and the activity is due to the combined activity of carnitine
      acetyltransferase and acetylcarnitine hydrolase.

PMID- 1220679
TI  - The transfer of mannose to dolichol diphosphate oligosaccharides in pig liver
      endoplasmic reticulum.
AB  - The transfer, catalysed by pig liver microsomal preparations, of mannose, from
      GDP-mannose, to lipid-linked oligosaccharides and the properties of the products
      are described. Solubility, hydrolytic and chromatographic data suggest that they
      are dolichol diphosphate derivatives. The presence of two N-acetyl groups in at
      least part of the heterogenous oligosaccharide portion was tentatively deduced.
      Reduction with borohydride of the oligosaccharide showed that the newly added
      mannose residues were not at its reducing end. Periodate oxidation suggested that
      60% of these were at the non-reducing terminus and that 40% were positioned
      internally. T.l.c. showed the presence of seven oligosaccharide fractions with
      chromatographic mobilities corresponding to glucose oligomers with 7-13 residues.
      The molar proportions of the oligosaccharide fractions in the mixture were
      determined by borotritiide reduction and the number of mannose residues added to
      each oligosaccharide fraction during the incubation was calculated. Two of the
      oligosaccharide fractions had received on average one, or slightly more than one,
      mannose residue per chain during the incubation; four of the other fractions were
      each shown to be a mixture, 20-25% of which had received one mannose residue
      during the incubation and 75-80% of which had not been mannosylated during the
      incubation. This supported other evidence for the presence of endogenous lipid
      linked oligosaccharides in the microsomal preparation which had been formed
      before the incubation in vitro. Evidence for the possibility of two pools of
      dolichol monophosphate mannose, one being more closely associated with mannosyl
      transfer to dolichol diphosphate oligosaccharides than the other, is also
      discussed.

PMID- 1220681
TI  - Polyphasic changes in incorporation of precursors into ribonucleic acid of
      oestradiol-stimulated mammary gland.
AB  - 1. At 3 weeks after ovariectomy, mammary glands (5th pair) of adult Swiss mice
      show (i) no significant decrease in weight, (ii) 20% of the original rate of
      incorporation of [(3)H]-uridine into RNA (after a 30min pulse), and (iii) 90% of
      the original rate of incorporation of l-[(3)H]leucine into protein (after a 15min
      pulse). 2. A single injection of oestradiol-17beta into these ovariectomized mice
      produces, during the next 17h, a series of discrete bursts of increased
      incorporation of [(3)H]uridine into mammary-gland RNA; the bursts, which are
      variable in height, reach peaks at approx. 1, 9, 12 and 16h after hormone
      administration; an increase is already detected at 15min, the earliest time-point
      investigated; each burst lasts for approx. 2h. There is no significant
      stimulation of [(3)H]uridine incorporation into RNA of liver and quadriceps
      femoris muscle. 3. Nuclear incorporation of [(3)H]UTP into RNA of mammary gland
      in vitro is linear with time for up to 20min at 15 degrees C; it requires CTP,
      GTP and ATP and is inhibited by actinomycin D. Also, the incorporation is
      strongly inhibited by alpha-amanitin in high salt concentrations but only weakly
      in low salt concentrations, a result indicating that RNA polymerase II activity
      predominates in high salt, whereas RNA polymerase I activity predominates in low
      salt concentrations. Injection of oestradiol-17beta in vivo followed by
      measurement of nuclear RNA synthesis in vitro shows a definite increase in both
      RNA polymerase activities 30min after oestradiol-17beta injection, the earliest
      time-point investigated, a higher increase at 1h, a decline at 4h, and again a
      large increase at 12h. These results in general agree with the changes in
      precursor incorporation into RNA measured directly in the animal and suggest that
      changes in [(3)H]uridine uptake into RNA are not precursor-pool-dependent.

PMID- 1220680
TI  - 4-aminobutyrate in mammalian putrescine catabolism.
AB  - The effects of inhibitors of diamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6), monoamine oxidase (EC
      1.4.3.4) and 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) on the catabolism of
      putrescine in mice in vivo were studied. Diamine oxidase inhibitors and
      carboxymethoxylamine (amino-oxyacetate) markedly inhibit the metabolism of
      [(14)C]putrescine to (14)CO(2), but affect different enzymes. Aminoguanidine
      specifically inhibits the mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial diamine oxidases,
      whereas carboxymethoxylamine specifically inhibits 4-aminobutyrate transamination
      by the mitochondrial pathway. Hydrazine inhibits at both sites, and results in
      increased concentrations of 4-aminobutyrate in brain and liver. Pretreatment of
      mice with carboxymethoxylamine and [(14)C]putrescine leads to the urinary
      excretion of amino[(14)C]butyrate. Carboxymethoxylamine does not affect the non
      mitochondrial pathway of putrescine catabolism, as the product of oxidative
      deamination of putrescine in the extramitochondrial compartment is not further
      oxidized but is excreted in the urine as derivatives of 4-aminobutyraldehyde.
      Another catabolic pathway of putrescine involves monoamine oxidase, and the
      monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline, decreases the metabolism of
      [(14)C]putrescine to (14)CO(2)in vivo. Catabolism of putrescine to CO(2)in vivo
      occurs along different pathways, both of which have 4-aminobutyrate as a common
      intermediate, in contrast with the non-mitochondrial catabolism of putrescine,
      which terminates in the excretion of 4-aminobutyraldehyde derivatives. The
      significance of the different pathways is discussed.

PMID- 1220682
TI  - The kinetics of incorporation in vivo of (14C)acetate and (14C)carbon dioxide
      into the fatty acids of glycerolipids in developing leaves.
AB  - 1. The patterns of incorporation of (14)C into glycerolipid fatty acids of
      developing maize leaf lamina from supplied [1-(14)C]acetate and from (14)CO(2)
      during steady-state photosynthesis were similar. Oleate of phosphatidylcholine
      and palmitate of phosphatidylglycerol attained linear rates of labelling more
      rapidly than did other fatty acids, particularly the linoleate and linolenate of
      monogalactosyl diacylglycerol. 2. After the transfer of lamina from labelled to
      unlabelled acetate, there was a decrease in labelled oleate and linoleate of
      phosphatidylcholine and a concomitant increase in the amount of radioactivity in
      the linoleate and linolenate of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol. 3. The rapidly
      labelled phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol, were shown
      by differential and sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation to be associated with
      different organelles, the former being mainly in a low-density membrane fraction,
      probably microsomal, and the latter mainly in chloroplasts. 4. During a 48h
      period after supplying spinach leaves with [(14)C]acetate, radioactivity was lost
      from the oleate of phosphatidylcholine present in fractions sedimented at 12000g
      and 105000g, and accumulated in the linolenate of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol
      of the chloroplast. 5. It is proposed that the phosphatidylcholine of some non
      plastid membranes is intimately involved in the process of oleate desaturation
      and that this lipid serves as a donor of unsaturated C(18) fatty acids to other
      lipids, principally monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, of the chloroplasts.

PMID- 1220684
TI  - Reconstitution of pig lymphocyte plasma membranes from solubilized components,
      with particular reference to membrane-associated immunoglobulins.
AB  - Plasma membranes of lymphocytes obtained from pig mesenteric lymph nodes were
      reconstituted after solubilization with bile salts. The proportion by weight of
      immunoglobulin in the reconstituted membrane was no greater than about 5-10% of
      that in the original membrane. Possible reasons for the low reincorporation of
      immunoglobulin are discussed.

PMID- 1220683
TI  - Folate metabolism in the rat liver during regeneration after partial hepatectomy.
AB  - 1. Folate metabolism was studied during the early phases of liver regeneration
      after partial hepatectomy in rats accustomed to eating during the first 8h of a
      daily 12h dark period. 2. The content of 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate was drastically
      decreased during the first hours of regeneration. 3. The total HCO-H(4)folate
      coenzymes showed a constant decrease during the first 3 days of regeneration, and
      a continuous interconversion between 5-HCO-H(4)folate and 10-HCO-H(4)folate. 4.
      10-HCO-H(4)folate synthetase, serine hydroxymethyl-transferase and 5,10-CH(2)
      H(4)folate dehydrogenase activities were relatively low during the first hours
      after the operation, and increased only several hours later. 5. The increase in
      enzyme activities showed a stepwise pattern, apparently due to an interaction
      between the regeneration process and the controlled feeding schedules.

PMID- 1220685
TI  - Biosynthesis and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters by rat skin subcellular
      fractions. Regulation by prostaglandins.
AB  - The properties and subcellular distribution of the enzymes involved with the
      synthesis and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters were investigated in skin of
      normal and essential fatty acid-deficient rats. Most of the activity of the
      cholesterol-esterifying enzyme(s) is associated with the 12000g and 105000g
      particulate fractions. The dependence of the enzyme reaction on ATP and CoA
      suggests that the esterification of cholesterol by rat skin is mediated by a
      fatty acyl-CoA-cholesterol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.-). On the other hand, most
      of the activity of the cholesteryl ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.13) is localized in
      the 105000g supernatant fraction. Although the activity of the cholesterol
      esterifying enzyme(s) was elevated in skin preparations from essential fatty acid
      deficient rats, the activity of the hydrolase was significantly decreased. These
      observations may explain in part the elevated concentrations of sterol esters in
      the skin of these animals. Prostaglandin E(2) at low concentrations exerted
      marked inhibitory effect on the activity of the cholesterol-esterifying
      enzyme(s), whereas no effect was observed on the activity of the hydrolase at
      similar concentrations. However, at high concentrations prostaglandin E(2)
      exerted moderate stimulatory effect on the activity of the hydrolase. These
      results suggest a possible physiological role of this substance in regulating the
      production of sterol esters in this tissue.

PMID- 1220686
TI  - Studies on the glycosylation of hydroxylysine residues during collagen
      biosynthesis and the subcellular localization of collagen galactosyltransferase
      and collagen glucosyltransferase in tendon and cartilage cells.
AB  - 1. The glycosylation of hydroxylysine during the biosynthesis of procollagen by
      embryonic chick tendon and cartilage cells was examined. When free and membrane
      bound ribosomes isolated from cells labelled for 4min with [(14)C]lysine were
      assayed for hydroxy[(14)C]lysine and hydroxy[(14)C]lysine glycosides, it was
      found that hydroxylation took place only on membrane-bound ribosomes and that
      some synthesis of galactosylhydroxy[(14)C]lysine and
      glucosylgalactosylhydroxy[(14)C]lysine had occurred on the nascent peptides. 2.
      Assays of subcellular fractions isolated from tendon and cartilage cells labelled
      for 2h with [(14)C]lysine demonstrated that the glycosylation of procollagen
      polypeptides began in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. (14)C-labelled
      polypeptides present in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi fractions were
      glycosylated to extents almost identical with the respective secreted
      procollagens. 3. Assays specific for collagen galactosyltransferase and collagen
      glucosyltransferase are described, using as substrate chemically treated bovine
      anterior-lens-capsule collagen. 4. When homogenates were assayed for the collagen
      glycosyltransferase activities, addition of Triton X-100 (0.01%, w/v) was found
      to stimulate enzyme activities by up to 45%, suggesting that the enzymes were
      probably membrane-bound. 5. Assays of subcellular fractions obtained by
      differential centrifugation for collagen galactosyltransferase activity indicated
      the specific activity to be highest in the microsomal fractions. Similar results
      were obtained for collagen glucosyltransferase activity. 6. When submicrosomal
      fractions obtained by discontinuous-sucrose-density-gradient-centrifugation
      procedures were assayed for these enzymic activities, the collagen
      galactosyltransferase was found to be distributed in the approximate ratio 7:3
      between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum of both cell types. Similar
      determinations of collagen glucosyltransferase indicated a distribution in the
      approximate ratio 3:2 between rough and smooth microsomal fractions. 7. Assays of
      subcellular fractions for the plasma-membrane marker 5'-nucleotidase revealed a
      distribution markedly different from the distributions obtained for the collagen
      glycosyltransferase. 8. The studies described here demonstrate that glycosylation
      occurs early in the intracellular processing of procollagen polypeptides rather
      than at the plasma membrane, as was previously suggested.

PMID- 1220688
TI  - Evidence for the coupling of biosynthesis and secretion of serum albumin in the
      rat. The effect of colchicine on albumin production.
AB  - 1. By using isotopic-dilution techniques it was found that colchicine causes a
      slight increase in the proalbumin content of liver, from 0.63+/-0.06 to 0.83+/
      0.10mg/g of liver, but has no effect on albumin content (0.50+/-0.05mg/g of
      liver). All the proalbumin and 67% of the albumin is found in vesicles from which
      they are liberated by detergents. 2. Colchicine inhibits secretion of albumin,
      decreases the rate of conversion of proalbumin into albumin and decreases the
      rate of incorporation of l-[1-(14)C]leucine into proalbumin. 3. Balance studies
      in vivo show that all the (14)C appearing in serum albumin can be accounted for
      by the flow of (14)C through the proalbumin, in the presence or absence of
      colchicine. 4. When cycloheximide is given to the rats, 2min after
      [(14)C]leucine, further synthesis of protein stops. The label in proalbumin
      disappears and the proalbumin content of the liver falls, so as to account for
      the albumin appearing in the plasma. This occurs both in the presence and in the
      absence of colchicine. By contrast, there is little change in liver albumin.
      Studies with isolated perfused livers are in agreement with the above.
      Lumicolchicine has no effect on any of these systems at doses at which colchicine
      exerts its action. 5. These results suggest that biosynthesis and conversion of
      proalbumin into albumin, and secretion of serum albumin are controlled at each
      step.

PMID- 1220687
TI  - Mode of formulation of cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol from Cholest-5-en-3beta-ol by
      Larvae of Calliphora erythrocephala.
AB  - 1. The conversion of cholest-5-en-3beta-ol (cholesterol) into cholesta-5,7-dien
      3beta-ol by axenic Calliphora erythrocephala larvae was demonstrated. 2. The
      transformation is probably direct (Delta(5)-->Delta(5,7)) and does not involve a
      Delta(0) intermediate (Delta(5)-->Delta(0)-->Delta(7)--> Delta(5,7)). 3. Delta(7)
      bond formation involves the stereospecific elimination of the 7beta hydrogen
      atom. 4. The relative amounts of free and esterified sterols were determined in
      larvae grown on cholesterol as sole sterol source and on 5alpha-cholestan-3beta
      ol supplemented with minimal amounts of cholesterol. 5. The significance of the
      results is assessed in relation to the probable role of cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta
      ol as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of ecdysones.

PMID- 1220689
TI  - The microbial metabolism of C1 compounds. The electron-transport chain of
      Pseudomonas am1.
AB  - Pseudomonas AM1, Hyphomicrobium X and Pseudomonas MS all contain cytochrome
      a/a(3) and a b-type cytochrome able to react with CO. Pseudomonas AM1 and
      Hyphomicrobium X also have a CO-binding cytochrome c. The purified cytochrome c
      (redox potential 0.26V) of Pseudomonas AM1 was not susceptible to oxidation by
      molecular oxygen. CO reacted slowly with the reduced form giving a CO difference
      spectrum with a peak at 412nm and troughs at 420nm and 550nm. Similar results
      were obtained with the cytochrome c of Hyphomicrobium (aerobically grown or
      anaerobically grown with nitrate) and with that of Pseudomonas extorquens. The
      results given in the present paper are incompatible with an oxygenase or oxidase
      function for the soluble cytochrome c of methylotrophs. Studies with whole cells
      of Pseudomonas AM1 and a cytochrome c-deficient mutant have demonstrated that
      cytochrome b (redox potential 0.009V) is the first cytochrome in the electron
      transport chain for oxidation of all substrates except methanol (and ethanol)
      whose oxidation does not involve this cytochrome. All substrates are usually
      oxidized by way of cytochrome c and cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome a/a(3)), but
      there is an alternative route for the reduction of cytochrome a/a(3) in the
      mutant lacking cytochrome c. Results of experiments on cyanide inhibition of
      respiration and cytochrome oxidation support the suggestion that the
      susceptibility of cytochrome b to oxidation by molecular oxygen (reflected in its
      ability to react with CO) is probably irrelevant to the normal physiology of
      Pseudomonas AM1.

PMID- 1220690
TI  - A difference in the incorporation of 14C into hippurate glycine from DL-(2-14C)
      glutamate and DL-(5-14C)glutamate in guinea pigs.
AB  - The specific radioactivity of urinary hippurate glycine was determined after
      injecting guinea pigs with benzoate and either dl-[2-(14)C]glutamate or dl-[5
      (14)C]glutamate. The isotope dilution factor for the formation of [(14)C]glycine
      was significantly greater (30%) with C-2 labelled glutamate. With either form of
      labelled glutamate the hippurate glycine was largely carboxyl-group labelled. The
      observations suggest a route for the incorporation of glutamate carbon into
      glycine that involves C-5 but not C-2. A hypothesis for glycine biosynthesis from
      l-glutamate is advanced, consistent with these findings, that includes conversion
      of l-glutamate to 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate, the scission of the latter to
      glyoxylate and pyruvate, and the formation of glycine by transamination.

PMID- 1220691
TI  - Enzymic iodination of eukaryotic ribosomal subunits. Characterization and
      analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
AB  - 1. Conditions are described for the enzymic iodination of ribosomal subunits from
      rat liver. The reaction is relatively insensitive to broad changes in the
      concentration of KCl, allowing subunits to be studied under conditions which
      minimize their dimerization. 2. Mixtures of extracted ribosomal proteins were
      iodinated with (125)I, the proteins separated by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis and the radioactivity in each protein was determined. Thus 19 out
      of 23 of the proteins of the small subunit and 25 out of 33 of the proteins of
      the large subunit were labelled. Iodination should therefore be a suitable method
      for studying the topography of the ribosomal proteins of rat liver. 3. When the
      intact 40S subunit (rather than the extracted mixture of proteins) was iodinated,
      18 of the 19 proteins were still labelled. However five of these were labelled
      less strongly than before. When the intact 60S subunit was iodinated, 17 of the
      25 proteins were still labelled, although six of these were labelled less
      strongly. 4. These results show that in rat liver most of the ribosomal proteins
      of both subunits are at least partially at the surface of the particles. They are
      also consistent with the idea that the proportion of the ribosomal proteins in
      the interior of the particle may be greater for the 60S subunit than for the 40S
      subunit.

PMID- 1220692
TI  - Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and stimulation of glycogen breakdown by
      vasopressin in the perfused mouse liver.
AB  - 1. Vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, [8-arginine]vasopressin) inhibited the
      synthesis de novo of fatty acids (measured with (3)H(2)O and U-(14)C-labelled
      lactate or U-(14)C-labelled glucose) and stimulated glycogen breakdown in the
      perfused liver of fed mice. 2. The concentration dependence of these effects
      (range 200-1000muunits/ml, i.e. 0.5-2.5ng/ml) resembled that for the action on
      glycogen breakdown which was previously reported for rat liver. 3. The appearance
      of newly synthesized fatty acids in both phospholipids and triglycerides was
      inhibited by vasopressin, whereas synthesis of cholesterol was less affected. 4.
      Inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis by vasopressin is the most potent short-term
      hormonal action on this process yet reported. Aspects of the effect are
      discussed, including the lack of a role for cyclic AMP, and a possible link with
      vasopressin action on glycogen metabolism.

PMID- 1220693
TI  - The activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in rat tissues. Assay
      techniques and effects of dietary and hormonal changes.
AB  - 1. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was assayed by three methods: (i)
      incorporation of H(14)CO(3) (-) into oxaloacetate: (ii) conversion of
      oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate, subsequently assayed enzymically; and
      (iii) transfer of (32)P from [gamma-(32)P]GTP to oxaloacetate. 2. Enzyme activity
      is increased in liver and epididymal adipose tissue in alloxan-diabetes and
      starvation, and in kidney in starved, acidotic and steroid-treated animals. 3.
      The ratios of the ;back' to the ;forward' reactions in liver, kidney and
      epididymal adipose tissue are different and characteristic of each tissue; they
      differ markedly from values reported for the purified mitochondrial enzyme. 4.
      The ratio of the ;back' to ;forward' reaction in any one tissue is constant in
      adrenalectomized, diabetic, acidotic and steroid-treated animals. 5. In starved
      animals, the ratio is increased in liver and kidney, but decreased in epididymal
      adipose tissue. 6. Administration of l-tryptophan results in an acute (1h)
      increase in activity measured in the ;forward' direction alone in liver and
      epididymal adipose tissue, but not in kidney.

PMID- 1220694
TI  - The measurement of protein turnover by density labelling.
AB  - A method for measuring the rate of protein degradation in plant tissue is
      described. The method uses density labelling to avoid difficulties associated
      with compartmentation and recycling of amino acids. Although the technique cannot
      be readily adapted to measure the rate of degradation of single proteins, it
      avoids difficulties of interpretation due to enzyme activation or inactivation.
      Values for the half-life of Lemna minor protein obtained by this method are
      compared with values obtained by a number of other methods. To obtain
      satisfactory results it was necessary to improve the method of isopycnic
      centrifugation in CsCl gradients. A considerable improvement was achieved by
      using KBr gradients, and the advantages of using KBr rather than CsCl for the
      separation of density-labelled protein are discussed.

PMID- 1220695
TI  - The calculation of errors and the choice of sampling times in the determination
      of irreversible disposal rates in vivo by isotope experiments.
AB  - In well-known methods of estimating rates of irreversible disposal (utilization)
      in vivo the rates are calculated from the areas to infinity under specific
      radioactivity-time (S-t) or quantity-of-label-time (q-t) curves obtained by
      measurements on samples of plasma after intravenous injection of labelled
      substrate. The errors in the calculated rates are mostly those of the estimates
      of the areas. These errors are of two kinds: random, caused by the variances of
      the values of S or q, and systematic, caused by differences between the curves
      used to interpolate between these values and the true curves. A rigorous method
      is given for calculating the random errors from the variances of the values of S
      or q, and is applied to choosing the best times to sample the plasma from small
      animals from which few plasma samples can be taken. A procedure for estimating
      systematic errors is also given. Programs in BASIC language to carry out the
      calculations are deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50058 (5 pages) at
      the British Library (Lending Division), Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23
      7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms given in Biochem. J.
      (1975) 145, 5.

PMID- 1220696
TI  - Changes in lectin-induced deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in cultures of chick
      embryo fibroblasts at various stages of development.
AB  - Concanavalin A and Robinia pseudoacacia lectin decreased [(3)H]thymidine
      incorporation into acid-insoluble material of fibroblasts cultured from 6-10-day
      chick embryos. In contrast, these lectins stimulated [(3)H]thymidine
      incorporation in cells from 16-day embryos. These effects are due to neither
      [(3)H]thymidine permeability modification nor toxicity of the lectins. The
      specificity of lectin action was proved by blocking experiments with alpha-methyl
      mannopyranoside and with anti-(Robinia lectin) serum.

PMID- 1220697
TI  - Acute effects of carbon monoxide on the metabolism of perfused rat liver.
AB  - 1. Perfusion of livers with whole blood containing carboxyhaemoglobin decreased
      hepatic O(2) consumption and triglyceride secretion and raised free fatty acid
      oxidation. 2. Perfusion with [(14)C]carboxyhaemoglobin indicated that there was
      negligible hepatic uptake of (14)CO. 3. The observations appear to be due to a
      decrease in O(2) consumption rather than to specific effects of
      carboxyhaemoglobin.

PMID- 1220698
TI  - Treatment of immature mice with gonadotrophins. The influence of mouse age on the
      response of ovarian alkaline phosphatase activities to gonadotrophins.
AB  - Treatment of mice aged 23-25 days with chorionic gonadotrophin induced large
      amounts of an ovarian alkaline phosphatase activity (phosphatase Ib) kinetically
      distinct from that of untreated ovaries (phosphatase I). The activities of
      alkaline phosphatase I and Ib varied with age in untreated mice. Phosphatase Ib
      appeared when serum luteinizing hormone concentrations increased (days 4-10 and
      days 35-45), and disappeared when concentrations were low (days 11-35). Injection
      of human chorionic gonadotrophin induced progressively larger amounts of
      phosphatase Ib activity between day 19 and day 29. However, gonadotrophin
      treatment failed to induce this activity on days 10-18 and 30-35. Nevertheless,
      during the latter period, human chorionic gonadotrophin induced especially large
      increases in uterine weight. Treatment at different ages with sheep luteinizing
      hormone plus human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone induced a pattern of
      response identical with that induced by human chorionic gonadotrophin, although
      sheep luteinizing hormone alone was ineffective before 35 days. In contrast,
      human luteinizing hormone induced a response in the absence of exogenous follicle
      stimulating hormone.

PMID- 1220699
TI  - A modified fluorometric assay for adenine in plasma and urine.

PMID- 1220700
TI  - Isolation of N-acetylethylenediamine from urine of patients in amesec.

PMID- 1220702
TI  - A micro-autoanalytic procedure developed for the determination of ketone bodies,
      gluconeogenic amino acids, pyruvate, lactate, and glucose in metabolic studies.

PMID- 1220701
TI  - The permissive effect of glucocorticoids in the induction of liver alcohol
      dehydrogenase by ethanol.

PMID- 1220703
TI  - Copper in erythrocytes by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy.

PMID- 1220704
TI  - Gas-liquid chromatographic separation and identification of biologically
      important indolealkylamines from human cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 1220705
TI  - Quantitative analysis of diphenylhydantoin in serum by gas chromatography-mass
      spectrometry.

PMID- 1220706
TI  - Myotonia induced by clofibrate and sodium chlorophenoxy isobutyrate.

PMID- 1220707
TI  - ["Snow ophthalmia". Prevention, signs and management].

PMID- 1220708
TI  - [Bone cyst (review of 275 cases; results of the surgical treatment and early
      results of closed treatment with methylprednisolone acetate)].

PMID- 1220710
TI  - [Severity of rheumocarditis and the effectiveness of drug treatment].

PMID- 1220709
TI  - [Pemphigus induced by D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. Study of 5 cases
      and systematic study of anti-intercellular substance antibodies of the skin in
      the course of treatment].
AB  - The authors present 5 cases of pemphigus induced by D-penicillamine in a series
      of 180 cases of rheumatoid arthritis treated with this medication. In addition,
      anti-epidermal intercellular substance antibodies were sought in 40 asymptomatic
      patients. No antibodies were found in this group. The notion of induced pemphigus
      seems well established, as is the value of testing for antibodies in the
      surveillance of D-penicillamine treatment.

PMID- 1220711
TI  - [Surgical treatment of cancer of the thyroid (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report their experience with cancer of the thyroid. Using statistical
      data from 760 operated cases and present day concept, they consider the
      difficulties of the diagnosis, the stage of evolution and the treatment in the
      form of a collaboration between surgery, clinic and nuclear medicine.

PMID- 1220712
TI  - [Biological concept of the membrane in dermo-pharmacy and cosmetology].

PMID- 1220713
TI  - [New esters of phenylbutazone].

PMID- 1220714
TI  - [Spectrophotodensitometric determination of mepirizole and its N-methylated
      isomer].

PMID- 1220715
TI  - [Nifurpipone disks for antibiograms].

PMID- 1220717
TI  - [Pyridine derivatives with potential antiviral activity].

PMID- 1220716
TI  - [Toxicity of antibiotics in animals under suboptimal conditions. III. Toxicity in
      animals with experimental thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 1220719
TI  - [Stable radioisotopesin biopharmaceutical research. I].

PMID- 1220718
TI  - [Composed ephedrine drops].

PMID- 1220720
TI  - [Separation by means of column chromatography of isomers of vitamin A].

PMID- 1220721
TI  - [Methods for biopharmaceutical evaluation of enteric gelatin capsules: use of
      Enterocaps gelatin capsules].

PMID- 1220722
TI  - [Potentiometric titration in non-aqueous environment of beta-lactamic
      antibiotics].

PMID- 1220723
TI  - [Identification and determination of bencyclane fumaric acid and fendiline
      hydrochloride].

PMID- 1220724
TI  - Humoral lymphocytopoietic factor in thymectomized Triturus cristatus.

PMID- 1220726
TI  - [Arteriovenous shunts in congestive splenomegaly].

PMID- 1220725
TI  - [Nuclear and cytoplasmic Mn++ and Mg++ dependent poly(A) polymerase activities in
      rat liver].

PMID- 1220727
TI  - [Effect of some detergents on synaptic membranes].

PMID- 1220728
TI  - [Effect of beta-adrenergic block on the response of plasma renin activity to
      acute sodium depletion in the rabbit].

PMID- 1220729
TI  - [Effect of some polypeptides on pancreatic secretion in chickens].

PMID- 1220730
TI  - [Histofunctional changes in the thyroid after administration of benzedrine].

PMID- 1220731
TI  - [Histofunctional changes in the pituitary gland of rats treated with benzedrine].

PMID- 1220732
TI  - [Effects of some biogenic polypeptides on spontaneous and evoked electrocortical
      activity in rats].

PMID- 1220733
TI  - [Effects of some biogenic amines on spontaneous and evoked electrocortical
      activity in rats].

PMID- 1220734
TI  - [Some ultrastructural observations on the pharynx of specimens of Dugesia
      lugubris s. l. treated with colcemid].

PMID- 1220735
TI  - [Histochemical and ultrastructural studies of the cocoon of Branchiobdella
      pentodonta With (Annelida, Oligochaeta)].

PMID- 1220736
TI  - [Study of some functional relationships between the primary and secondary
      somesthetic cortical area].

PMID- 1220737
TI  - [Differences in the vascular network of various segments of the chick embryo
      spinal cord].

PMID- 1220738
TI  - [Analysis of correlations between the development of the blood vessels and
      histogenesis of the spinal ganglia].

PMID- 1220739
TI  - [Changes in the vascular network of the spinal ganglia in experimentally induced
      hypoplasia].

PMID- 1220740
TI  - [Reptilase and thrombin-coagulase times in full-term newborns and in the 1st
      years of life].

PMID- 1220741
TI  - [Ultrastructural aspects of tympanosclerosis].

PMID- 1220742
TI  - [Anionic translocation in mitochondria. I. Transport of inorganic phosphate and
      dicarboxylic acids].

PMID- 1220743
TI  - [Kinetics and specificity of the pyruvate carrier in rat liver mitochondria].

PMID- 1220744
TI  - [Solubilization and partial purification of a protein with high citrate-binding
      from the mitochondrial membrane].

PMID- 1220745
TI  - [A new method of evaluating leukocyte alkaline phosphatase].

PMID- 1220746
TI  - [Radiobiological studies of the protein synthetic activity of isolated calf
      liver].

PMID- 1220747
TI  - [Control of the electrostimulation artefact by the use of an "active" ground].

PMID- 1220748
TI  - [Correlations between functional properties of the cortico-pyramidal neurons of
      the sensory-motor area in chronic cats].

PMID- 1220750
TI  - [Evaluation of the response to hypo osmolarity of platelets preserved in DMSO at
      180 degrees C].

PMID- 1220749
TI  - ["On-line" identification of bioelectric signal peaks].

PMID- 1220751
TI  - [Continuous recording "in ovo" of the chick embryo electrocardiogram during
      development].

PMID- 1220752
TI  - [Electrocardiographic observations on the cardiac activity of the chick embryo
      during development].

PMID- 1220753
TI  - [Enzymes involved in digestion of lipids in sheep].

PMID- 1220754
TI  - [Hemoglobin of adult chickens. Non-reactive sulfhydryl groups of the minor
      fraction].

PMID- 1220756
TI  - [DNA synthesis in isolated mitochondria of Paracentrotus lividus].

PMID- 1220755
TI  - [Effects of vinblastine on nerve fiber and skeletal muscle fiber].

PMID- 1220757
TI  - [Characterization of mitochondrial ribosomes from Paracentrotus lividus].

PMID- 1220758
TI  - [Chromatographic separation of DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase and of poly (A)
      polymerase from rat liver mitochondria].

PMID- 1220759
TI  - Increase in type A virus particles induced in BALB/c mouse epidermis during
      chemical carcinogenesis.
AB  - Electron microscopic observations of normal BALB/c mouse epidermis revealed the
      presence of isolated intracisternal A particles. Hyperplasia, papilloma and
      carcinoma formation induced by topical application of the carcinogenic polycyclic
      hydrocarbons benz(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) is accompanied
      by an increase in the mumber of A particles. Topical application of a non
      carcinogenic irritant alpha-pinene (alpha P) failed to provide comparable
      changes. Examination of the nuclei indicated occasional electron dense granules
      in the nucleoplasm which became more common throughout the progression of
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1220761
TI  - Increase in the gastrointestinal absorption and in tissue storage of
      cyclophosphamide in L-1210 leukaemic mice at an advanced stage of the disease.
AB  - BDF1 mice were inoculated with 10(6) leukaemic cells and, together with control
      mice, were given a single oral dose of cyclophosphamide-14C of 100 mg/kg body
      weight. In the leukaemic mice we observed an increased 14C concentration in the
      plasma, bone marrow, liver, lungs, spleen, kidney and particularly fat where the
      level was 2-4 times higher than in control mice. Conversely, during the same
      period, significantly less 14C was detected in the stomach and small intestine of
      the leukaemic mice. These results were obtained 6 days after tumour
      transplantation (median survival time 7.7 days) whereas no differences were
      observed when the studies were carried out 4 days after tumour transplantation.
      These findings indicate an increase in the gastrointestinal absorption and in the
      tissue storage fo cyclophosphamide in L-1210 leukaemic mice at an advanced stage
      of the disease.

PMID- 1220760
TI  - Extracorporeal immunoadsorption of circulating specific serum factors in cancer
      patients.
AB  - Circulating serum factors have been said to abrogate the effects of immune
      response in cancer, i.e. "blocking" and "antigenic inhibition". The aim of this
      investigation was to isolate such specific factors in a purified and native
      state. F(ab)2 fragments isolated from hypernephroma were insolubilized on the
      surfaces of an extracorporeal perfusion chamber which was inserted into the
      circulation by means of an arterio-venous shunt. As a result, 3 proteins not
      present in normal serum were isolated and eluted for further study. In
      immunoelectrophoresis the 3 proteins were specifically precipitated by
      heterolgous (rabbit) antihypernephroma serum but not by anti-serum directed
      against normal serum components. Moreover C9 components, C3 activator and C3 were
      isolated in the chamber, the latter complement factor in large concentrations.
      This further sustained that specific antigen-antibody reactions had occurred in
      the chamber. One of the 2 patients studied were perfused for 60 h and 40 min.
      During this period 450 litres of blood were brought into intimate contact with
      the immunoadsorbent. Proteins in amounts sufficient for immunochemical analysis
      were isolated within 3 h.

PMID- 1220762
TI  - Pleural effusion in Burkitt's lymphoma.

PMID- 1220763
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of daunomycin, bleomycin, cytosine arabinoside, acronycine
      and ionizing radiation on the cell cycle in vitro and in vivo.

PMID- 1220764
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of interactions of cell cycle-specific cytotoxic drugs and X
      radiation on survival of cell reproductive capacity.

PMID- 1220765
TI  - Proceedings: Temporal aspects of DNA repair processes after drugs and radiation.

PMID- 1220766
TI  - Proceedings: Effectiveness of combined treatments of various types of
      transplantable rat tumour with ionizing radiation and drugs.

PMID- 1220768
TI  - Proceedings: Combined effect of 5-FU and 60Co on intestine, bone marrow and on
      transplanted tumour in mice. A possible differential effect between these tissues
      related to drug and gamma-ray fractionation schemes.

PMID- 1220769
TI  - Proceedings: Radiation and drugs; various mechanisms of interactions.

PMID- 1220767
TI  - Proceedings: In vivo investigations about the effects of radiation and/or drugs
      in normal tissue and in sarcoma-180.

PMID- 1220770
TI  - Proceedings: Radioprotective effect of WR 2721 in combined injured mice (x
      irradiation and skin lesion).

PMID- 1220771
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of 60Co-gamma-irradiation on the mixed disulphides of
      radioprotector MEG in splitting with enzymes of rat liver cytoplasm.

PMID- 1220772
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of cysteamine or cystamine on radiation late effects in
      C57BL/6 mice.

PMID- 1220773
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction of X-irradiation and drugs on the activity of membrane
      bound enzymes.

PMID- 1220774
TI  - Proceedings: Combined radiation and drug-treatment of the B16 melanoma.

PMID- 1220775
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of lucanthone on the radiosensitivity of a mouse tumour.

PMID- 1220776
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of combined x-irradiation and hydroxyurea treatment on mouse
      haemopoietic stem cells.

PMID- 1220777
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction of ionizing radiation with a platinum complex in Chinese
      hamster cells.

PMID- 1220778
TI  - Proceedings: Pyromellitic dianhydryde as radiosensitizer.

PMID- 1220780
TI  - Proceedings: Action of drugs on repair processes.

PMID- 1220779
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of diamide on radiation induced embryonic damage.

PMID- 1220781
TI  - Proceedings: Effect on caffeine on the survival of pairs of mammalian cell lines
      of differential sensitivity to radiation and alkylating agents.

PMID- 1220782
TI  - Proceedings: Actions of some drugs on enzymes involved in DNA repair and semi
      conservative DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1220783
TI  - Proceedings: A caffeine-sensitive repair process preventing replication gaps from
      occurring in UV irradiated hamster cells.

PMID- 1220784
TI  - Proceedings: The time resolution of the effects of oxygen and radio-sensitizers
      on the DNA strand break and repair process in E. coli polA.

PMID- 1220785
TI  - Proceedings: Radiolysis of a pig gastric glycopeptide.

PMID- 1220786
TI  - Proceedings: Early and late effects of 55Fe cytocide.

PMID- 1220787
TI  - Proceedings: The role of the spleen in the repopulation of the haemopoietic
      system of mouse radiation chimaeras.

PMID- 1220788
TI  - Proceedings: Arterial wall damage by x-rays and fast neutrons.

PMID- 1220789
TI  - Proceedings: Different radiosensitivity of chinese hamster fibroblasts for
      chromatid breaks in G2/prophase. Dependence on LET.

PMID- 1220791
TI  - Proceedings: Time-dose relationships for spinal cord damage.

PMID- 1220790
TI  - Proceedings: Measurement of blood flow in the mouse tail after irradiation.

PMID- 1220792
TI  - Proceedings: BCG immunotherapy: its interest in association with radiotherapy in
      the treatment of Lewis tumour in mice.

PMID- 1220793
TI  - Proceedings: The superadditive effects of x-rays and adoptively transferred
      immunity on mouse BP8 tumour cells in vivo.

PMID- 1220794
TI  - Proceedings: Comparative effects of cytotoxic agents on lymphomyeloid tissues in
      mice.

PMID- 1220795
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction of tetracycline and lucanthone on radiation damage in
      mammalian embryos as dependent on LET (experiments with pions).

PMID- 1220796
TI  - Proceedings: Ivestigations on serum protein changes in mice after whole-body x
      irradiation combined with open skin wounds.

PMID- 1220797
TI  - Proceedings: Identification of hypoxic mouse bone marrow CFU in vivo.

PMID- 1220799
TI  - Proceedings: Radiation chemistry of glutathione and its possible role in
      affecting radio-sensitivity of biological systems.

PMID- 1220798
TI  - Proceedings: Distribution and radiosensitization in vivo piromelitic acid.

PMID- 1220800
TI  - Proceedings: Studies of tRNAVal isolated from chich embryo liver irradiated in
      ovo.

PMID- 1220801
TI  - Proceedings: Comparison of haemopoiesis and bone marrow stem cell changes in
      continuously irradiated mice.

PMID- 1220802
TI  - Proceedings: Radioprotective effectivity of alphamercaptopropionylglycine
      (Thiola, Meprin) and study of its SH activity.

PMID- 1220803
TI  - Proceedings: Post-radiation modification of drug action due to changes in
      distribution.

PMID- 1220804
TI  - Proceedings: Differences in sensitivity and interaction of damage induced by
      hyperthermia, UV radiation and gamma-rays on cultured cells of malignant and non
      malignant origin.

PMID- 1220805
TI  - Proceedings: Histological changes of the organs of rats after chronic gamma
      irradiation.

PMID- 1220806
TI  - Proceedings: The radioprotective effect of alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine and its
      combinations on animals.

PMID- 1220807
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of caffeine on DNA repair of irradiated mammalian cells.

PMID- 1220808
TI  - Exogenous ochronosis and pigmented colloid milium from hydroquinone bleaching
      creams.
AB  - An outbreak of ochronosis and colloid milium is described after the use of strong
      hydroquinone bleaching creams. These phenomena developed only after a few years,
      and took place when the melanocytes had overcome the bleaching influence. Sun
      exposure and thorough inunction of the cream were required for the more advanced
      changes. Analogous changes have been seen when the skin is exposed to certain
      crude fuels in individuals working in the sun, and phenolic components in the
      fuels are suspected. The study presented here covers the clinical, histological,
      histochemical, electron microscopical and pathogenetic features as seen in thirty
      five cases of hydroquinone damage to the dermis in South Africa.

PMID- 1220809
TI  - Ultrastructural study of elaunin fibres in the secretory coil of human eccrine
      sweat glands.
AB  - The basement membrane of the secretory coil of human eccrine sweat glands was
      studied by light and electron microscopy. With classical staining methods for the
      elastic system, elaunin ring fibres were observed in the basement membrane of the
      secretory coil. The ultrastructural study showed that  elaunin fibres are formed
      by bundles of fibrotubules 10-12 nm in diameter surrounding aggregates of
      amorphous material. These fibres differ from elastic fibres which are thicker and
      have an amorphous material more homogeneous and abundant.

PMID- 1220810
TI  - The fine structure of the elastic tendons in the human arrector pili muscle.
AB  - The elastic tendons by which the arrector pili muscle is inserted into the hair
      follicle were studied by light and electron microscopy. From the follicle to the
      muscle it was observed that these tendons are formed successively by oxytalan,
      elaunin and elastic fibres. In close contact with the smooth muscle cells,
      elaunin and elastic fibres were observed. The fibres penetrate the spaces between
      the muscle cells and are clamped by them. An explanation is advanced about the
      significance of this arrangement in the recovery after muscle contraction.

PMID- 1220811
TI  - The influence of age and sex on skin thickness, skin collagen and density.
AB  - Forearm skin collagen, dermal thickness and collagen density were measured in a
      large number of normal subjects as a standard reference for future studies. Skin
      collagen decreased with age and was less in the females at all ages. There is a
      direct relationship between skin collagen and dermal thickness but variations in
      collagen density in disease limit the use of dermal thickness as a guide to
      changes in its collagen content.

PMID- 1220812
TI  - Palmar ridge appearances in normal newborn infants and ridge appearance in
      relation to eccrine sweating.
AB  - Epidermal ridge appearances over the palm in twenty normal newborn infants are
      described. No clear-cut relationship between ridge appearance and sweating was
      found although cross ridge flattening was always associated with a negative o
      phthaliadehyde sweat test.

PMID- 1220813
TI  - Epidermal transit times.
AB  - Radio-isotope disappearance curves and autoradiography (labelled DNA precursors
      and labelled amino acids) have been used to estimate the minimum transit times
      for four regions of epidermis in mice. The post-mitotic maturation time in the
      basal layer has been estimated and the results interpreted in relation to
      proliferation rates and epidermal organisation.

PMID- 1220814
TI  - Arterial thrombosis in scleroderma.
AB  - Clinical and pathological observations are presented on five patients with
      scleroderma who developed thrombosis of a major vessel. Three died following
      intestinal infarction or limb gangrene and two had digit or extremity amputation.
      Severe intimal thickening of major arteries with thrombus formation was noted but
      no significant abnormality was found in the clotting activity of the blood.
      Histochemical studies in three cases suggested a reduction of fibrinolytic
      activity at the site of thrombosis in the diseased vessels. These studies support
      the view that the vascular system is profoundly altered in scleroderma and may
      play an important role in some manifestations of the disease.

PMID- 1220815
TI  - Keratoacanthoma in a Bantu patient.

PMID- 1220816
TI  - Angioma serpiginosum--familial incidence.
AB  - In this paper we present the first record of familial incidence in angioma
      serpiginosum observed in two families. The clinical and histological features are
      described.

PMID- 1220817
TI  - Hypertrichosis due to diazoxide.
AB  - Two cases of hypertrichosis due to diazoxide are described. The mechanism is
      unknown bu may be due either to increased cutaneous perfusion or to increased
      levels of cyclic AMP.

PMID- 1220818
TI  - Pigmentation of the palms and scalp probably due to proprietary hair tonics,
      containing various phenols and phenolic derivatives.

PMID- 1220819
TI  - Erythema nodosum from Yersinia enterocolitica.

PMID- 1220820
TI  - beta-carotene and the photodermatoses.

PMID- 1220821
TI  - [A method of determining thresholds for electrocutaneous stimulation of rabbits
      during long-term observations].

PMID- 1220822
TI  - [A morphotopographic and electrophysiologic study of the extracardiac innervation
      of the cat heart from the right side].

PMID- 1220823
TI  - [Changes in the antidromal responses of afferent nerves under the influence of
      conditioning stimulation of relatively high threshold afferents].

PMID- 1220824
TI  - [The activity of olfactory bulb neurons synchronous with respiration].

PMID- 1220825
TI  - Absence of arms in the axoneme of immobile human spermatozoa.

PMID- 1220826
TI  - Tritium release from [2-3H]D-glucose as a monitor of glucose consumption by
      bovine sperm.

PMID- 1220827
TI  - Bicarbonate requirements for culture of one-cell rabbit ova to blastocysts.

PMID- 1220828
TI  - Concentrations of estrogens, progesterone and LH during the ovulatory cycle of
      the laying chicken [Gallus domesticus].

PMID- 1220829
TI  - Effect of 5alpha reduced androgens on sex accessory organs, initiation and
      maintenance of spermatogenesis in the rat.

PMID- 1220830
TI  - The head, neck and midpiece of cock spermatozoa examined with the transmission
      electron microscope.

PMID- 1220831
TI  - The glutathione and thiol content of mammalian spermatozoa and seminal plasma.

PMID- 1220833
TI  - Priorities in biomedical research. Indices of burden.
AB  - The relative burden of different diseases is a legitimate component in the
      consideration of priorities for biomedical research. Simple prevalence statistics
      do not directly reflect the different burdens on services imposed by diseases of
      comparable prevalence. This paper sets out for each 54 categories of disease five
      indices of the burden on services, based respectively on inpatient days,
      outpatient referrals, consultations in family practice, sickness benefit, and
      loss of expectation of life. There is considerable variation in the rank-order of
      categories of disease, in their contribution to the five burdens; but for each
      burden the number of categories accounting for 50% of the total burden is not
      large, ranging from 3 to 9 out of the possible 54.

PMID- 1220832
TI  - Epidemiology and family characteristics of severely-abused children.
AB  - Severe child abuse in north-east Wiltshire was studied retrospectively during the
      period 1965-71, and prospectively for 18 months from January 1972, after a period
      of consultative activity with those actively involved to increase awareness of
      the phenomenon. Severe abuse was strictly defined. A rate of 1 per thousand
      children under four years old was obtained, together with a death rate of 0-1 per
      thousand. The families of the retrospective series of abused children were
      studied in detail and identifying characteristics of large family size,
      youthfulness, low social-class, instability, and gross psychiatric, medical, and
      social pathology described. The implications of the ascertainment and death rates
      are discussed in relation to data from some other studies, and the need
      emphasized for detailed studies of the apparent clustering of disorder in the
      families, using linked record systems.

PMID- 1220836
TI  - Regional variations in the development of illness in Finland.
AB  - The aim of the present study is to investigate the incidence of morbidity leading
      to incapacity for work in the working age population of Finland, and to examine
      critically the development of such illness and variations between different
      population groups. An attempt is made to analyse to what extent regional
      differences in illness development are connected with the communal structure of
      an area and the provision and use of medical services. The material is based on
      data from the sickness insurance and national penisons, and mortality statistics.
      The variables used as those defined by Kalimo (1967; 1968) to describe the
      various features of community structure and the supply of medical services, and
      data from the insurance and hospital service statistics to measure the use of
      medical services. The results indicate considerable variation in the course of
      illnesses between population groups, as expressed as the incidence rates for the
      various phases of illness or as development probabilities. Illness development
      proved to be more unfavourable in men than in women. Large regional differences
      were found, with the course of illnesses appearing to be much more unfavourable
      in the eastern and northern parts of Finland than in the south and south west.
      This seems to be closely connected with poorer socioeconomic development and
      lower urbanization in an area. A clear correlation was found between illness
      development and the supply and use of medical services in ambulatory care.
      Illness development was particularly unfavourable in areas where the supply and
      use of ambulatory medical services, especially doctors' services, were poor. No
      corresponding correlation was found with the supply and use of hospital services.
      Development of sickness proved to be connected with a neglect of illnesses at an
      early phase and delay in seeking medical care. The result is confirmed by
      variations between population groups in the numbers of sickness benefits awarded.
      It was confirmed that morbidity resulting in incapacity for work is closely
      associated with local socioeconomic development.

PMID- 1220835
TI  - Acceptability of the cytopipette in screening for cervical cancer.
AB  - A randomized controlled trial was carried out in which the acceptability of
      screening for cervical carcinoma in situ by a postal 'do-it-yourself' method--the
      cytopipette--was compared with that of an invitation to attend a clinic or see a
      general practitioner for the conventional cervical scrape examination. In
      parallel with this, a sociological study of women who had been invited by both
      methods was undertaken in which information was obtained from responders and non
      responders on attitudes to health care. The results show that, while the pipette
      was used by a greater proportion of women overall than the scrape examination,
      its acceptance by women most at risk of the disease is still not high. It is
      concluded that, taking into account the relative merits of the two methods as
      screening tests, as well as their acceptability and cost, the postal pipette may
      be useful in some circumstances, such as areas where clinical resources are
      limited, and as a second approach to women who have not taken up the offer of a
      scrape examination.

PMID- 1220834
TI  - Asthma in schoolchildren. Demographic associations and peak expiratory flow rates
      compared in children with bronchitis.
AB  - The frequency of asthma in 10 971 school-children between the ages of 5 and 14
      years was reported by their parents to be 3-8%. Of these, 20-7% were said to have
      had bronchitis, 5-9% pneumonia, and 4-7% eczema. Asthma was reported more
      commonly in boys than girls and was greatest in children of social classes I and
      II. One-third of the children were reported to have their first attack before the
      age of 2 years. Few (18%) first attacks started after the age of 5 years. There
      was no evidence that bronchitis predisposed to the later development of asthma,
      or vice versa. Within each age-sex group children with a history of asthma had
      lower peak expiratory flow rates than children who gave no such history. These
      diffences in PEFR were greater than for children with a history of bronchitis.

PMID- 1220837
TI  - Primary schoolboys: image of self and smoker.
AB  - The way primary schoolboys see themselves and also see young smokers, may have
      implications for health education. In this paper a comparison is made between the
      self-images of 229 primary schoolboys and their images of a young person who
      smokes. The two images were very different, both for smokers and non-smokers,
      although the difference for smokers was smaller. It appears that children of this
      age who smoke do not see themselves as 'smokers', and may not relate the health
      education they receive on this subject to themselves.

PMID- 1220838
TI  - The influence of the birth of a malformed child on the mother's further
      reproduction.
AB  - Births which occurred in Birmingham in 1964-70 were assembled into fraternities
      by computer linkage. By calculating the frequency with which one birth was
      followed by another and the interval between births the reproductive behavior of
      mothers after the birth of a malformed child was compared with that of all
      mothers, taking account of differences in maternal age, parity, and period of
      observation. It was found that malformations which resulted in stillbirth or
      early death were more frequently followed by another birth and that the interval
      to the following birth was shorter than usual. In this respect malformations did
      not differ in their effect from other causes of stillbirth and infant death. The
      birth of children were severe malformations who survived, however, acted as a
      slight deterrent to further reproduction. The malformation rate among children
      born after a malformation was double the usual rate; the recurrence rate was
      particularly high for neural tube defects, 5% of subsequent children being
      affected. In spite of this parents of children with central nervous system
      malformations were not deterred from further reproduction unless the affected
      child survived.

PMID- 1220840
TI  - [Survey methods of chronic bronchitis in Yugoslavia].

PMID- 1220839
TI  - [Methodology of surveys of chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 1220841
TI  - [Value of measurement of peak flow (peak expiratory flow rate Vmx50) in
      epidemiological surveys in chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 1220842
TI  - [Experience and results in surgical treatment of 140 tracheal stenoses in
      otorhinolaryngeal clinics of the GDR].

PMID- 1220843
TI  - [Surgical treatment of severe cicatricial tracheal stenosis].

PMID- 1220845
TI  - [Methodology of surveys of chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 1220844
TI  - [Bronchitis and emphysema: cause or complication].

PMID- 1220846
TI  - [Pseudocoarctation of the aorta with dissecting aneurysm].

PMID- 1220847
TI  - [Metabolic effects of salbutamol].

PMID- 1220848
TI  - [Value of serum phosphohexose isomerase in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung
      cancer].

PMID- 1220849
TI  - [Stenosis of the main left bronchus after inhalation of a drug with ferrous
      sulfate base].

PMID- 1220850
TI  - [Radiological aspects of primary sarcoma of the lung].

PMID- 1220851
TI  - [Indications and limitations of mechanical ventilation by the iron lung].

PMID- 1220852
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic consideration on so-called cysts and psudocysts of the
      lung].

PMID- 1220853
TI  - [Hypodiastolic syndromes in pneumology].

PMID- 1220854
TI  - A nuclear magnetic resonance study of the metal binding sites in bacitracin.
AB  - Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to identify sites
      in bacitracin which bind Cu2+ and Mn2+. Results are presented which implicate the
      free carboxyl groups of the aspartic and glutamic acid residues and the imidazole
      ring of the histidine residue as metal complexation sites between pH 6 and 8.
      Evidence is presented which also indicates that the thiazoline ring of bacitracin
      binds Mn2+. Bacitracin does not bind Cu2+ or Mn2+ at pH values of 2.5 or less.

PMID- 1220855
TI  - Differences in chemical composition between the epithelial glycoproteins of the
      upper and lower halves of rat colon.
AB  - Analysis of the apparently homogeneous sulfated sialoglycoproteins isolated from
      the epithelial cells of the upper (proximal to the ileum) and lower (proximal to
      the rectum) halves of Wistar rat colon showed that whereas they were similar in
      overall carbohydrate and amino acid composition, they differed significantly in
      the O-acetyl substitution pattern of their constituent sialic acids. The
      glycoprotein from the upper half of the colon was found to contain a larger
      percentage of sialic acid substitued at C7 and/or C8, as well as at C4 and C7
      and/or C8; it contained less sialic acid which was unsubstituted as well as less
      subsituted at C4 alone. It has been shown that differences in substitution at C7
      and/or C8 can be detected by analysis of the 105 000 g supernatants prepared from
      homogenates of isolated epithelial cells or fresh or formol calcium fixed whole
      colonic tissue.

PMID- 1220856
TI  - 17-oxidoreduction of 17beta estradiol, estrone and their 3-sulfates by kidney
      slices from guinea pig and human.
AB  - Slices of whole kidney and kidney cortex from the female guinea pig catalyzed a
      marked reduction of estrone 3-sulfate (E13S) and estrone (E1) to 17beta-estradiol
      3-sulfate (E23S) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), respectively, as well as the reverse
      (dehydrogenation) reactions. Slices of medulla did not appear active in E23S-E13S
      interconversion but did possess the ability to interconvert E2 and E1, besides
      possessing considerable sulfatase activity. The use of [3H-55S]E13S and [3H
      55S]E23S as substrates, together with a demonstrated lack of estrogen sulfate
      synthesis by the tissue slices, provided ample evidence that the intact sulfates
      were involved in direct oxidoreduction. Slices of human kidney cortex catalyzed
      the reduction of E13S to a very limited extent. Slices of whole kidney and of
      cortex from guinea pig formed small amounts of estrogen glucuronide(s).

PMID- 1220857
TI  - Hormonal stimulation of ribosomal RNA synthesis in Achlya ambisexualis.
AB  - The experiments reported show that one of the early effects of the steroid sex
      hormone antheridiol is on the synthesis of rRNA and ribosomes. This is
      demonstrated in hormone treated cultures of Achlya ambisexualis (strain E87) by
      an enhancement of the incorporation of [3H]uridine into 26S and 18S rRNA and by
      an increase in measurable amounts of ribosomes per milligram dry weight of
      mycelium. Furthermore, since the hormone does not significantly alter the pool
      size or the specific activity of uridine triphosphate, this effect appears to
      represent an increased rate of RNA synthesis.

PMID- 1220858
TI  - The probable 'capping' of wheat leaf messenger ribonucleates by 7
      methylguanosine.
AB  - Experiments have been designed to test the possibility that, as with messenger
      RNA from animal cells, 7-methylguanosine may be bonded through a pyrophosphate
      bridge to the 5'-termini of messenger RNA molecules from the cells of a higher
      plant organism. It is concluded that 7-methylguanosine is probably bonded through
      a pyrophosphate bridge to the 5'-termini of messenger RNA molecules from wheat
      leaves.

PMID- 1220859
TI  - Demonstration of the isolation of non-infective Alnus crispa var. mollis Fern,
      nodule endophyte by morphological immunolabelling and whole cell composition
      studies.
AB  - Two filamentous, branched, and septate actinomycetes were isolated from field
      collected and from axenic in vitro produced root nodules of Alnus crispa var.
      mollis Fern. host plant. After their transfer to a chemically defined medium,
      these nodule isolates could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of
      morphology, cultural reactions, and whole cell composition and were considered to
      be the same species. They were morphologically similar to the root nodule
      endophyte, but were incapable of nodulating aseptic host plants growing in a
      nitrogen-deficient substrate. Whole cells of the nodule isolates were used for
      the production of rabbit antibodies. The resulting specific antiisolate
      antibodies were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and used in staining
      tests of the nodule endophyte. The immunofluorescence reactions demonstrated the
      homology of the nodule isolates with the nodule endophyte. After pectinase
      degradation of the endophyte capsule, the indirect immunoferritin method
      corroborated the fluorescent anti-body (FA) staining reactions. There was no
      antigenic relationship between the nodule isolates and 13 known strains of
      actinomycetes as determined by the FA techique. Fluorescent antibody reactions of
      adsorbed conjugates suggested that endophytes of both Alnus crispa var. mollis
      Fern. and Alnus rugosa (DuRoi) Spreng. root nodules belong to a common serotype.
      The LL and mesoisomers of diaminopimelic acid were present in similar proportions
      in the nodule endophyte and in the nodule isolates. Glucose, mannose, and an
      unknown sugar were the predominant whole cell sugars in the nodule isolates,
      although trace amounts of arabinose and rhamnose were also displayed. The unknown
      sugar found in the nodule isolates was also present in trace amounts in the
      endophyte-suspension hydrolysate.

PMID- 1220860
TI  - The fine structure of conidial development in the genus Torula. II. T. caligans
      (Batista and Upadhyay) M. B. Ellis and T. terrestris Mistra.
AB  - Conidia of Torula caligans (Batista & Upadhyay) M. B. Ellis comb.nov. and T.
      terrestris Misra were examined by transmission- and scanning-electron microscopy.
      Torula caligans produced four-celled conidia in which the central cells were
      distinctly larger than the basal and apical cells. Conidia of T. terrestris were
      4- to 7-celled long and ellipsoidal in shape. Conidiogenous cells in both species
      developed melanin only within the lowermost part of the lateral walls while the
      other cells of the conidium were uniformly melanized around the circumference of
      the cell; melanin in these cells being deposited within, at least, half the width
      of the cell wall. In both species new conidia arose from evagination of the
      hyaline apex of the conidiogenous cell and are therefore blastoconidia. The
      systematic relationships between T. caligans and T. terrestris and other species
      of the genus Torula are discussed.

PMID- 1220861
TI  - Electron microscopy of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of yellow poplar. III
      Host-endophyte interactions during arbuscular development.
AB  - Scanning- and transmission-electron microscopy were used to examine developing
      and mature functional arbuscules in mycorrhizal roots of yellow poplar.
      Arbuscules developed from intracellular hyphae which branched repeatedly upon
      penetration into the host cells. Intermediate and late stages of developemnt were
      characterized by the production of numerous, short, bifurcate hyphae throughout
      the arbuscule. Mature arbuscules exhibited a coralloid morphology which resulted
      in a considerable increase in the surface area of the endophyte exposed within
      the host cells. Distinctive ultrastructural features of arbuscular hyphae
      included osmiophilic walls, nuclei, abundant cytoplasm, glycogen, and numerous
      small vacuoles. All arbuscular components were enclosed by host wall material and
      cytoplasm during development and at maturity. In infected cells, host nuclei were
      enlarged and the cytoplasm associated with the arbuscular branches typically
      contained abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and proplastids.
      Ultrastructural observations suggested that nutrient transfer may be
      predominantly directed toward the fungal endophyte during arbuscular development
      and while mature arbuscules remain functional.

PMID- 1220862
TI  - Nutrition of Vitreoscilla stercoraria.
AB  - The present study has shown that the glutamate or aspartate families, plus the
      aromatic amino acid family are required for growth of Vitreoscilla stercoraria.
      Furthermore, glutamine can substitute for the glutamate family, asparagine and
      methionine can replace the aspartate family, and tyrosine can substitute for the
      aromatic family. Amino acids which are easily oxidized by this organism,
      particularly serine and cysteine, stimulated growth. From these data, a defined
      medium was devised, which contained the fewest amino acids that could support
      good growth of V. stercoraria.

PMID- 1220863
TI  - Cellular and free lipopolysaccharides of some species of Neisseria.
AB  - Cultures of eight non-pathogenic species of Neisseria grown in simple defined
      media released lipopolysaccharide (free lipopolysaccharide) by a process distinct
      from cellular autolysis. Analyses of the pure cellular and free
      lipopolysaccharides obtained from six species of Neisseria revealed that they
      were remarkably similar and were devoid of detectable O-antigen side chains.
      Three distinct types of core-oligosaccharides were demonstrated. Type I core
      oligosaccharide was a branched structure of alpha-D-glucopyranosyl units (7 mol)
      terminated by a reducing end group of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid. Type II
      core-oligosaccharide contained D-glucose, 2-deoxy-2-amino-D-glucose, L-rhamnose,
      L-glycero-D-manno-heptose, 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, phosphate, and
      ethanolamine in a molar ratio of 3:2:1:1:1:1:1. Type III coreoligosaccharide was
      composed of D-glucose, L-glycero-D-manno-heptose, 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic
      acid, and phosphate in a molar ratio of 3:3:1:1. Lipopolysaccharides of N. caviae
      and N. sicca contained type I core-oligosaccharides exclusively, while those of
      N. flava and N. perflava contained only type II core-oligosaccharide. Cellular
      lipopolysaccharide from N. cinerea contained core-oligosaccharides of types I and
      II in a ratio of 27:73, while the analogous preparation from N. flavescens
      contained core-oligosaccharide types II and III in a ratio of 21:4. Free
      lipopolysaccharides from these two organisms contained only one type of
      coreoligosaccharide. Lipid A components of all the lipopolysaccharide
      preparations were very similar being composed of about 25% by weight of
      dodecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-dodecanoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-tetradecanoic acid.

PMID- 1220864
TI  - Degradation of ioxynil and bromoxynil as measured by a modified
      spectrophotometric method.
AB  - A modified spectrophotometric method was developed to estimate ioxynil and
      bromoxynil residues. The method when compared with a 14C-tracer method was less
      sensitive but allowed rapid and accurate estimation of the herbicides. A clay
      loam soil with high organic matter content, which degraded ioxynil completely to
      CO2, also degraded bromoxynil completely. Bromoxynil degradation proceeded at a
      faster rate than that of ioxynil. The half-life of degradation was estimated to
      be 7 days for bromoxynil and 9-10 days for ioxynil. However, soil microorganisms
      which degraded ioxynil either completely to CO2 or partially did not seem to
      completely degrade bromoxynil. Degradation products from bromoxynil were detected
      on thin-layer chromatograms of extracts from pure cultures containing an
      exogenous carbon source. Complete degradation of bromoxynil and ioxynil in soil
      could be due to the action of different microorganisms.

PMID- 1220865
TI  - SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of lipopolysaccharides.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) prepared from four different species of Neisseria have
      been separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Each LPS possessed a
      characteristic mobility on gels. Examination of the effect of acrylamide
      concentration on migration illustrated that the basis of the separation was
      molecular size and not intrinsic charge.

PMID- 1220866
TI  - Quantitative assessment of the bacterial rhizosphere flora of Pinus contorta var.
      latifolia.
AB  - The bacterial flora associated with root systems of young and mature lodgepole
      pine was investigated by sampling forest-grown trees. Counts were performed and
      expressed on a surface-area basis to give a more realistic comparison of organism
      density or activity within the control soil, rhizosphere soil, and rhizoplane. On
      this basis, densities increased by an order of 10(4)- to 10(6)-fold from control
      soil to rhizoplane, with the degree of stimulation being inversely related to
      root radius.

PMID- 1220867
TI  - Microcycle conidiation in Penicillium urticae: an ultrastructural investigation
      of spherical spore growth.
AB  - A cultivation system has been developed for Penicillium urticae (NRRL 2159A)
      which yields 'microcycle' conidiation in submerged culture. Spherical growth of
      spores was initiated by incubation at 37 degrees C in a growth-favoring medium.
      Transfer of these enlarged spores to a nitrogen-poor medium at 35 degrees C
      resulted in synchronous germination and limited outgrowth followed by roughly
      synchronous conidiation. An ultrastructural study of the spherical growth stage
      indicates a significant loss of cell envelope fine structure and a general
      increase in the number of cellular organelles. Loss of the complex pattern of
      rodlets on the spore surface, and the trench-like invaginations of the plasma
      membrane were most prominent. From an ultrastructural point of view these large
      spores (about 6 mum in diameter) appeared to be perfectly normal.

PMID- 1220868
TI  - Microcycle conidiation in Penicillium urticae: an ultrastructural investigation
      of conidial germination and outgrowth.
AB  - A cultivation system has been developed for Penicillium urticae (NRRL 2159A)
      which yields 'microcycle' conidiation in submerged culture. Spherical growth of
      conidia was initiated by incubation at 37 degrees C in a growth-favoring medium.
      Transfer of these enlarged conidia to a nitrogen-poor medium at 35 degrees C
      resulted in synchronous germination and limited outgrowth followed by roughly
      synchronous conidiogenesis. An ultrastructural study of the germination stage
      indicated nuclear migration into the emerging germ tube whose new cell wall was
      an extension of the parent conidium's innermost cell wall layer. Septal formation
      at the neck of the germ tube followed. The septal pore was filled with
      particulate material and the septal membranes possessed unusual linear elements
      in their median hydrophobic zones. The germ tube, which possessed a smooth
      surfaced plasma membrane, continued to elongate with periodic septum formation.
      The parent conidium and later the proximal germ tube showed progressive
      vacuolation and the cytoplasm became largely occupied by electron-translucent
      material. In older cells the septal pore was blocked by Woronin bodies. Compared
      with normal conidial germination this microcycle' germination is far more
      synchronous and the resultant germling is morphologically simpler. In
      ultrastructural terms, however, germination appears to be identical with that
      obtained at 28 degrees C.

PMID- 1220869
TI  - Microcycle conidiation in Penicillium urticae: an ultrastructural investigation
      of conidiogenesis.
AB  - A cultivation system has been developed for Penicillium urticae which yields
      'microcycle' conidiation in submerged culture. Spherical growth of spores was
      initiated by incubation at 37 degrees C in a growth-favoring medium. Transfer of
      these enlarged spores to a nitrogen-poor medium at 35 degrees C results in
      synchronous germination and limited outgrowth followed by roughly synchronous
      conidiation. A study of the conidiation stage showed that a phialide and an
      immature conidium began to form at the tip of all germ tubes 18 h after the
      temperature shift. By 24 h additional phialides commonly appeared as a branch
      near the tip of the germ tube and the more mature conidia exhibited increasing
      refractility. The earliest ultrastructural signs of conidiation were various
      round invaginations in the plasma membrane and a thickening and rounding of the
      new spore wall which appeared as an inner extension of the phialide cell wall.
      Upon segregation of the conidium from the phialide cell by conidial wall
      formation, 'trench-like' invaginations gradually appeared in the plasma membrane
      and a disorganized rodlet pattern was formed on the outer surface of the maturing
      conidial wall. Continued maturation involved the formation of chains of conidia
      and phialide senescence which was characterized by a general degradation of
      intracellular structure. A comparison with standard surface and submerged culture
      conidiation indicated that 'microcycle' conidiation, while less prolific, was
      essentially identical.

PMID- 1220870
TI  - Induction of microbial variants of Pseudomonas pseudomallei in cultured rabbit
      alveolar macrophages.
AB  - Cultured alveolar and peritoneal macrophages obtained from normal and immunized
      rabbits were used to induce wall-defective microbial variants of Pseudomonas
      pseudomallei. Variants were iduced only by normal alveolar macrophages. The
      variants reverted to typical Pseudomonas forms either spontaneously or upon
      transfer into broth or agar.

PMID- 1220871
TI  - Ruptured aneurysms of the aortic sinus of Valsalva.
AB  - Aneurysms of the aortic sinus of Valsalva (ASV) are uncommon. This study
      describes eight cases of ruptured aneurysms of the congenital variety observed
      over a 10-year period in Singapore. Although ASV is classically diagnosed at the
      time of rupture, only one patient in this series presented with acute chest pain
      and dyspnea. All eight patients had continuous murmurs. The clinical diagnosis
      was confirmed by cardiac catheterization and angiography in eight patients and by
      thoracotomy in six. In six patients, the aneurysm had ruptured into the right
      ventricle and in two into the right atrium. In the five patients where the site
      of the aneurysm could be definitely determined, four arose from the right
      coronary and one from the noncoronary sinus. This marked preponderance of right
      coronary sinus over noncoronary sinus aneurysm in Singapore is more in accordance
      with the Japanese rather than the Western experience. A systolic gradient due to
      the aneurysm pressing on the right ventricular outflow tract was established in
      four patients during cardiac catheterization and angiography and confirmed in
      three patients at thoracotomy. Six patients underwent operation and were alive
      and well from 7 months to 3 years later.

PMID- 1220872
TI  - Aortometric estimation of stroke volume in the presence of aortic insufficiency.
AB  - A formula has been derived for estimating the left ventricular stroke volume (SV)
      from measurements of the difference between maximum and minimum cross-sectional
      area of the ascending aorta (am), ascending aorta pulse wave velocity (c) and
      systolic period (TS): SV=0.54 Ts c am. In open chest dogs, this 'aortometric'
      formula for estimating SV compared favorably with measurements by the
      electromagnetic flowmeter method both with and without aortic regurgitation. This
      suggests that in the presence of aortic regurgitation, the aortic backflow may be
      estimated from the difference between the aortometric SV measurement and the
      systemic blood flow estimated by an independent technique.

PMID- 1220873
TI  - Coronary arterial mapping in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
AB  - The diameters of the coronary arteries and their peripheral branches were
      measured on coronary angiograms obtained from 9 patients with hypertrophic
      obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), 6 patients with hypertrophic non-obstructive
      cardiomyopathy, and 6 normal controls. There was a marked increase in the
      diameters of the main coronary arteries in the patients suffering from
      cardiomyopathy but no significant difference in the peripheral branches between
      the three groups. This discrepancy between the 'run-in' and 'run-off' components
      of coronary circulation could explain anginal symptoms during exercise in HOCM,
      but in the absence of direct coronary flow measurements this theory remains to be
      tested. HOCM was associated with the widest arteries whereas hypertrophic non
      obstructive cardiomyopathy occupied an intermediate position between HOCM and the
      control group.

PMID- 1220874
TI  - [Studies on the quality of gases and solvents used in health services. I. control
      of the quality of oxygen used in health establishments].

PMID- 1220875
TI  - [Chromatography of cinchona alkaloids on thin-layer Silufol].

PMID- 1220876
TI  - [Allosteric regulation and models of receptors].

PMID- 1220877
TI  - [Physiology of the skin from the viewpoint of external pharmacotherapy].

PMID- 1220878
TI  - [Non-compliant patient].

PMID- 1220879
TI  - [Histidine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1220880
TI  - [Treatment of diabetes mellitus during surgery].

PMID- 1220881
TI  - [Evaluation of the effects of propaxoline in patients with chronic renal failure
      of diverse nature].

PMID- 1220882
TI  - [Current views concerning chronic hepatitis in regard to the histopathological
      approach, criteria of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy].

PMID- 1220883
TI  - [Hemodynamic action of a drug combination on the venous circulation].

PMID- 1220884
TI  - [Anticoagulant treatment in pregnancy: study of 11 patients with heart valve
      prostheses].

PMID- 1220886
TI  - [Propranolol and propranolol-glucagon in the geriatric age. Clinico-therapeutic
      considerations].

PMID- 1220885
TI  - [Qualitative abnormalities of neutrophil granulocytes].

PMID- 1220887
TI  - [Comparison between bronchodilator activity of terbutaline and orciprenaline in
      bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1220888
TI  - [Dialytic treatment in case of poisoning].

PMID- 1220889
TI  - [Tradozone and geriatric psychopathology].

PMID- 1220890
TI  - [Parenteral (intravenous and intramuscular) administration of trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole].

PMID- 1220891
TI  - [Therapeutic problems of the so-called impregnation syndrome due to
      neuroleptics].

PMID- 1220892
TI  - Acute primidone overdosage with massive crystalluria.
AB  - A patient admitted to the hospital in coma was found to have massive primidone
      crystalluria. Gas chromatographic analysis of blood and urine for primidone and
      phenobarbital showed high urine primidone levels and high blood phenobarbital
      levels. The primidone levels suggest that primidone is rapidly cleared into
      urine. The high blood phenobarbital levels within 12 hr of overdosage with a
      history of diphenylhydantoin therapy and without phenobarbital therapy or
      overdosage suggests that diphenylhydantoin may influence the metabolic conversion
      of primidone to phenobarbital. The relationship of clinical symptomatology to
      high levels of primidone and phenobarbital is unclear. Analysis of blood and
      urine for primidone and phenobarbital and urine for crystals is of value in
      establishing diagnosis and prognosis in cases of suspected primidone overdosage.

PMID- 1220893
TI  - Poisoning in children under 12 months of age.

PMID- 1220894
TI  - Detergent toxicity: effects on esophageal and gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1220895
TI  - Drugs of abuse in the future.

PMID- 1220896
TI  - Blood codeine concentrations in fatalities associated with codeine.
AB  - The toxicologic findings in eight cases of death due primarily to codeine
      overdosage are presented. Blood codeine concentrations ranged from 1.4 to 5.6
      mug/ml as determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Morphine was found in only two
      of the blood samples, at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.6 mug/ml, and may have
      resulted from heroin usage rather than codeine metabolism. A case of death of a
      codeine user by violent means is also presented in which the blood codeine
      concentration was 2.6 mug/ml.

PMID- 1220897
TI  - Notes on marijuana identification in criminal cases.

PMID- 1220898
TI  - Guide to management of drug overdose.

PMID- 1220899
TI  - Letter: Activated charcoal preparations.

PMID- 1220900
TI  - The future of infectious diseases.

PMID- 1220901
TI  - Mucosal infections and local immunity.

PMID- 1220902
TI  - Streptococcal pharyngitis: an old  nemesis.

PMID- 1220903
TI  - Anaerobic infections.

PMID- 1220904
TI  - Gonorrhea: epidemic of a treatable disease.

PMID- 1220905
TI  - Treatment of genitourinary infections.
AB  - The diagnosis of urinary tract sepsis is being made more often today because of
      increased awareness of the condition and improved techniques in the detection and
      management of genitourinary disorders. Patients developing urinary tract sepsis
      (bacteremia or septicemia) usually demonstrate certain predisposing factors:
      underlying chronic disease, advanced age, general debility, or recent urinary
      tract sepsis is easily made in a patient who has a sudden onset of fever, chills,
      malaise, nausea, and vomiting, along with tachycardia and a drop in blood
      pressure. Cultures should be taken from urine and blood samples, but therapy
      should be instituted immediately rather than after obtaining the results of
      cultures.

PMID- 1220906
TI  - Reye's syndrome.

PMID- 1220907
TI  - Breast examination and clinical aspects of cyst aspiration.
AB  - Aspiration of breast cysts is now a well-established procedure that has saved
      countless operations, with a monetary benefit to patients and the saving of use
      of hospital beds. It has provided profound relief to the patient. The technique
      is simple, requiring but a few moments to perform, and is accompaned by little or
      no morbidity. Those who perform aspiration must be familiar with the indications
      for biopsy, so that adequate and early treatment may be provided.

PMID- 1220908
TI  - The differential diagnosis of exophthalmos.

PMID- 1220909
TI  - Government and the practice of medicine.

PMID- 1220910
TI  - New concepts in the immunotherapy of neoplasms.
AB  - Elucidation of immunobiologic mechanisms, both in general and particularly as
      they relate to tumors, is a relatively new endeavor. Clinical application of
      immunotherapeutic principles has followed tentatively behind the leading edge of
      research information. Evaluation of this type of therapy is on-going, and results
      are quite variable. Certainly the major application of immunotherapy must be as
      an adjuvant, for it is ineffective, both in research and clinical settings, where
      there is discernible tumor burden. To be properly utilized, immunotherapy must be
      properly sequenced and not used with other modalities of therapy in such a way as
      to render it useless. It must be applied with the realization that its effects
      might be supportive of tumor growth; therefore, frequent assays of tis effects
      must be carried out both during and after treatment. At the present time, active
      nonspecific immunotherapy using BCG and active specific therapy using altered
      autochthonous cells are most in vogue. This is, however, a rapidly changing field
      and one can anticipate frequent new directions in therapy.

PMID- 1220911
TI  - Current concepts of cell kinetics in the treatment of leukemia.
AB  - In a relatively brief time, considerable information has been accumulated
      concerning the relationship of the cell proliferation characteristics of acute
      leukemia and response to chemotherapy. Much remains to be learned, but we are now
      able to approach the problem of therapeutic regimen design based on observed
      patterns of in vivo cell response.

PMID- 1220912
TI  - Biologic effects of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 1220913
TI  - The treatment of primary breast cancer.

PMID- 1220915
TI  - The acute abdomen and colorectal cancer.

PMID- 1220914
TI  - The role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in colorectal cancer.

PMID- 1220916
TI  - Recent trends in the management of skin cancer.

PMID- 1220917
TI  - Immunotherapy of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1220918
TI  - Antibiotic-associated colitis.
AB  - Patients receiving antibiotics or having just completed a course of antibiotics
      should be observed for the development of diarrhea. The diagnosis of antibiotic
      associated colitis can be made by careful proctoscopic examination. If colitis is
      found, the antibiotic should be discontinued, vigorous supportive therapy should
      be instituted, and the patient should be observed carefully. Following these
      guidelines, the prognosis for antibiotic-associated colitis should be favorable.

PMID- 1220920
TI  - Thoughts on American eating habits.

PMID- 1220919
TI  - Some facets of clinical virology.
AB  - The availability of virus diagnostic laboratories now makes possible improved
      diagnosis of viral infections. Some of the benefits to the patient of diagnosing
      a viral infection are that further diagnostic procedures can be stopped with a
      saving of money and avoidance of discomfort, that unneeded therapy can be
      stopped, and that the prognosis of the disease can be more accurate. New
      developments in clinical virology are leading to a clearer definition of the role
      of viruses in both infectious and non-infectious diseases, and they hold out the
      promise of rapid diagnosis and specific antiviral therapy.

PMID- 1220921
TI  - Food fiber and disease prevention.

PMID- 1220922
TI  - The effects of low-fat, high- carbohydrate diet.

PMID- 1220923
TI  - Vitamin D and the heart.

PMID- 1220924
TI  - Clinical enhancement of nutritional immunity.

PMID- 1220925
TI  - The Medical treatment of giant gastric ulcer.

PMID- 1220926
TI  - Gastroesophageal reflux.

PMID- 1220927
TI  - The artificial pancreas.

PMID- 1220928
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic infections.

PMID- 1220929
TI  - Diagnostic and therapeutic blocks in pain therapy.
AB  - The skillful use of nerve blocks is important as a diagnostic, prognostic, and
      therapeutic tool in the management of chronic and acute pain problems. It is
      important that these blocks be performed not as technical exercises, but with
      responsibility, skill, and understanding--and in collaboration with both the
      patient and fellow physicians, so as to minimize or avoid harmful side effects
      and give the earliest possible relief from suffering.

PMID- 1220930
TI  - Some neural mechanisms of pain sensation.

PMID- 1220931
TI  - The psychogenic regional pain syndrome (hysterical pain).

PMID- 1220932
TI  - Intestinal amebiasis.

PMID- 1220933
TI  - Mumps and childhood diabetes: epidemiology and disease causation.

PMID- 1220934
TI  - Chromosome polymorphism in a human newborn population. II. Potentials of
      polymorphic chromosome variants for characterizing the idiogram of an individual.
AB  - Replicate chromosome preparations of umbilical-cord-blood leukocytes from 376
      neonates born at the Albert Einstein College Hospital, Bronx, New York, were
      stained with C-, Q-, and G-banding methods to determine the frequencies and
      distributions of the variable chromosome bands. The C-band variants of primarily
      chromosomes 1, 9, and 16, as well as those of the remaining C, E, and F-group
      chromosomes, and the brightly fluorescing Q-band variants of chromosomes 3 and 4
      and all of the acrocentrics, including the Y, were similarly analyzed.
      Polymorphism of these chromosome regions was so extensive that the idiogram of
      each of the 376 newborns of this study had a unique variant pattern, even when
      only the C- or only the Q-band patterns were compared. The distribution of
      polymorphic Q-bands in the population sampled was consistent with the
      expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg law, with the exception of chromosomes 3 and
      22, where some deficiency of individuals with "homozygous" Q-band patterns was
      found. The baseline data presented here reinforce the view that polymorphic
      chromosome characteristics are very useful markers for characterizing the
      karyotype of an individual, for pedigree studies, for prenatal chromosome
      analyses, for population studies, for attempts at gene localizations, and for
      identifying specific cells or their chromosomes in somatic cell genetic studies.

PMID- 1220935
TI  - Mitotic association patterns of nucleolar organizing chromosomes in the mouse.
AB  - Following the report of localization of nucleolar organizer regions to chromosome
      pairs 15, 18, and 19 of the mouse, a study was undertaken to test these
      chromosomes for association during mitotic metaphase. Cells from sevel strains of
      mice were analyzed, and no strong evidence was found for any significant
      association patterns.

PMID- 1220936
TI  - [The role of vagotomy with exclusion antrectomy in the treatment of
      choledochoduodenal fistulas of ulcerous origin. Apropos of 5 cases].

PMID- 1220937
TI  - [Subphrenic abscess. Apropos of 51 cases observed in a resuscitation unit].

PMID- 1220938
TI  - [Dissection of recurrent nerves during thyroidectomies. Description of a personal
      method of dissecting the nerve from its entry in the neck to its entry in the
      larynx].

PMID- 1220939
TI  - [Tuberculous osteitis. 53 cases (60 localizations)].

PMID- 1220940
TI  - [Postoperative survival of icterigenic cancers of the pancreas. Apropos of 172
      operations in 8 years].

PMID- 1220941
TI  - [Abdominal cystic lymphangiomas in children. Remarks apropos of a series of 10
      cases].

PMID- 1220942
TI  - [Deep hypothermia in radical corrective surgery of congenital cardiopathies in
      infants].

PMID- 1220943
TI  - [Electric burns: etiologic, anatomo-pathological and therapeutic considerations
      (apropos of 14 cases)].

PMID- 1220944
TI  - [Resections of the portal vein. Anatomical basis, clinical results].

PMID- 1220945
TI  - [Oddi's sphincterotomy. Indications and results: 445 cases].

PMID- 1220947
TI  - Anticonvulsants in pregnancy.

PMID- 1220946
TI  - [Role of pericystectomy in the treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver].

PMID- 1220948
TI  - Carfecillin.

PMID- 1220949
TI  - A preliminary study of possible antithyroid effect of reserpine as measured by
      I131 uptake studies and its relation to time of administration.

PMID- 1220950
TI  - Problems of mental illness among Makerere University students with special
      reference to the period 1970-1973.

PMID- 1220951
TI  - Psychiatric manifestations of organic diseases.

PMID- 1220952
TI  - Alcohol changes in blood and urine after the consumption of local beers.

PMID- 1220953
TI  - Prolonged nasotracheal intubation in children--experiences in Lagos, Nigeria.

PMID- 1220954
TI  - Ophthalmia neonatorum in Mbale Hospital--Uganda.

PMID- 1220956
TI  - Left ventricular aneurysm of unknown aetiology in Africans: an example from
      Kenya.

PMID- 1220955
TI  - Pulseless disease in a 9-year-old African girl.

PMID- 1220957
TI  - [Serum phenobarbital levels in epileptics].
AB  - The results of serum level determination in 250 epileptics confirm previous
      papers. Phenobarbital: --Is a "safe" anticonvulsant: steady serum level during 24
      hours periods in chronic treatment and rather stable relationship between
      ingested dose and serum level. It can therefore be given as in the past, without
      blood level control. --Must always be prescribed according to the patient's
      weight, because serum level and therefore cerebral concentration depends on the
      dose per kilogram and not on the absolute dose. --Must be given in relatively
      higher dosage to children on account of a faster catabolism. --Is interfered with
      in its kinetics by other anticonvulsants and this fact must be taken into
      consideration for drugs associations. --Has no predetermined blood level for the
      control of every epilepsy. Some patients no longer have seizures with a
      theoretically too low serum level, while others still have seizures in spite of
      very high serum levels.

PMID- 1220958
TI  - [Pilot study on the effects of an antiparkinson anticholinergic agent during
      depressive conditions].
AB  - This pilot stuyd was made in order to search for the efficiency of an
      anticholinergic antiparkinsonian drug, orphenadrine, at high doses (300 to 500
      mg/day, orally) in 10 depressed patients. This efficiency seems to be clear and
      appears quickly: with melancolic patients in particular, we observed 4 very good
      results in less than 5 days. Nevertheless, besides peripheral anticholinergic
      side-effects a transitory but very marked spatio-temporal disorganization, with
      increase of locomotor-activity and sometimes hallucinations, was observed in most
      patients. Nevertheless, it seems that this therapeutic should be carried on
      whenever other antidepressant therapeutics failed.

PMID- 1220960
TI  - The Ergonomics Research Society. The Society's Lecture, 1975.

PMID- 1220959
TI  - [Electroshocks, antidepressive agents, and anesthesia].
AB  - During 12 years, we have effected 6,982 electroshocks with anesthesia and
      celocurine (N.D.) on 713 patients, i.e. 7.25% of the total hospitalized patients.
      62% of them (440) were all this time under antidepressant drugs and 38% (273)
      were not. We observed 16 minor incidents ten (2.27%) among those under treatment
      and six (2.19%) among the others; of these 16 incidents, 11 led to an
      interruption of the treatment for safety. The association of antidepressant drugs
      with electroshock  under anesthesia and celocurine (N.D.) does not present any
      real danger.

PMID- 1220961
TI  - Identifying people in a videotape recording made at night.

PMID- 1220962
TI  - [Electromyography of the trapezius muscle in various working positions at the
      typing machine].

PMID- 1220963
TI  - Function of the muscles of the upper limb in car driving. IV: the pectoralis
      major, serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi muscles.

PMID- 1220964
TI  - The mechanical disturbance produced by steady and gusty winds of moderate
      strength: skilled performance and semantic assessments.

PMID- 1220965
TI  - Analysis of workday stresses on industrial managers using heart rate as a
      criterion.

PMID- 1220966
TI  - The use of same or different sensory modalities for information and instructions.

PMID- 1220967
TI  - A reappraisal of artificial signals as an aid to a visual monitoring task.

PMID- 1220968
TI  - Solubilization of an antigen associated with certain bronchial tumours.

PMID- 1220969
TI  - The histochemical demonstration of arylsulphatase in human tumours.

PMID- 1220970
TI  - Two pseudodiploid human breast carcinomas studied with G-band technique.

PMID- 1220971
TI  - Prognostic correlations in malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1220972
TI  - The PHA response in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1220973
TI  - Liposomes containing 3H-actinomycin D. differential tissue distribution by
      varying the mode of drug incorporation.

PMID- 1220974
TI  - Response of mouse skin and the C3HBA mammary carcinoma of the C3H mouse to x-rays
      and cyclotron neutrons: effect of mixed neutron-photon fractionation schemes.

PMID- 1220975
TI  - R17934-NSC 238159: a new antitumor drug--I. Effect on experimental tumors and
      factors influencing effectiveness.

PMID- 1220976
TI  - R17934-NSC238159: a new antitumor drug--II. Effect on mitotic cycle of L1210
      leukemia cells in vivo and synergism with cytosine arabinoside (NSC63878).

PMID- 1220977
TI  - Relationship between plasma carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis in women with
      breast cancer.

PMID- 1220978
TI  - Response of L1210 to combinations of cytosine arabinoside and VM-26 or VP16-213.

PMID- 1220979
TI  - The effect of Fv-2 gene on the incorporation of thymidine in the mouse spleen.

PMID- 1220981
TI  - The effect of mouse embryo fibroblasts on the binding of carcinogenic polycyclic
      hydrocarbons by neoplastic L cells.

PMID- 1220980
TI  - Identification of the inhibitor of labelled thymidine incorporation into HeLa
      cell DNA present in endometrial extract.

PMID- 1220982
TI  - Causes of death in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 1220983
TI  - Diagnosis of infection in patients with cancer.

PMID- 1220984
TI  - [Future trends in the medical profession (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220985
TI  - [Brain and emotional life of the child (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220986
TI  - [Pharmacology of anti-arrhythmic agents (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220987
TI  - [Gynaecomastia in a male goat. I. Sexual activity and sperm and milk quality
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1220988
TI  - The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha and oxytocin on porcine myometrium in vitro.

PMID- 1220989
TI  - Normal serum gastrin levels in patients with liver cirrhosis.
AB  - In 28 patients with cirrhosis of the liver, histologically confirmed by liver
      biopsy, serum gastrin concentrations were determined radioimmunologically afer an
      overnight fast. Mean value and standard deviation in the patients with cirrhosis
      (30.1 +/- 19.3 pg/ml) was not found to be significantly different from the mean
      value established in 275 normal subjects (39.7 +/- 21.3 pg/ml).

PMID- 1220991
TI  - Peroxisomes in liver tumors of rats induced by 3'-methyl-4
      (dimethylamino)azobenzene.
AB  - Peroxisomes were present in trabecular carcinoma and adenocarcinoma induced by 3
      methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene in the liver of rats. Peroxisomes in well
      differentiated trabecular carcinoma (type I) resembled more or less those in
      hepatocytes in their electron microscopic features, but were considerably small
      in number. Poorly differentiated trabecular carcinoma (type II) and
      adenocarcinoma contained peroxisomes in far smaller number than in the well
      differentiated trabecular carcinoma, or frequently showed no peroxisomes.
      Peroxisomes in poorly differentiated trabecular carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were
      small in size, contained scanty matrix in general, and almost lacked crystalloid
      nucleoids; however, they were easily identified by electron microscopic
      cytochemistry of catalase. Catalase activity of these tumors was significantly
      lower than in the liver tissues. These tumors did not respond to ethyl
      chlorophenxyisobutyrate either by proliferation of peroxisomes or by elevation of
      catalase activity. It is thus suggested that the cellular mechanisms for
      regulating the formation of peroxisomes and synthesis of the enzyme involved are
      impaired in the tumor cells.

PMID- 1220990
TI  - Effect of secretin on intestinal monosaccharide absorption and new water movement
      in the rat.
AB  - Repeated intravenous injections of 2.0 clinical units (CU) secretin per kg body
      weight showed no effect on jejunal glucose absorption and net water movement in
      perfusion studies in vivo. The in vitro uptake of galactose and 3-O-methylglucose
      was not altered by a secretin load given 12 min before sacrifice. The values for
      Km and Vmax were identical after secretin and in a control group. The conflicting
      results of different authors concerning the effect of secretin on net water
      movement and solute absorption may be due to differences in experimental
      techniques, different, mostly pharmacological doses of the hormone, and a diverse
      response of heterogeneous species.

PMID- 1220992
TI  - Effect and toxicity of combination treatment including cyclocytidine or cytosine
      arabinoside in L-1210 and sarcoma-180 systems.
AB  - Combination effect of antitumor agents, including cyclocytidine and cytosine
      arabinoside, was evaluated on the conception of pharmacological synergism and not
      of therapeutic synergism. Ascites sarcoma-180 and L-1210 leukemia were used as
      tumor systems. In sarcoma-180 system, combinations of cyclophosphamide plus
      cyclocytidine or cytosine arabinoside by simultaneous administration and
      cyclocytidine plus Daunorubicin or Vinblastine by alternate administration
      provided synergism. In L-1210 system, many compounds in combination with
      cyclocytidine or cytosine arabinoside in both simultaneous and alternate
      administrations provided synergism. Combination effect of agents was affected by
      the schedule of drug administration. It was found that the combination effect of
      drugs in one tumor system cannot be generalized to that in other tumor systems,
      even though equally effective doses of agents were administered in both tumor
      systems. Toxicity of cytosine arabinoside in combination with other drugs was
      affected by the schedule of administration. Compounds which provided synergism in
      simultaneous administration provided antagonism in alternate one. As a result, it
      was found that alternate administration of drugs is advantageous for the activity
      and diminution of toxicity of the host animal.

PMID- 1220993
TI  - A kinetic aspect of the antibody production against Ehrlich tumor cells in mice
      bearing Ehrlich solid tumor.
AB  - The number of cells producing the anti-Ehrlich tumor antibody (antibody against
      Ehrlich tumor cells) in the spleen of mice bearing Ehrlich solid tumor was
      counted by the modified Cunningham method, in which the sheep red blood cells
      were conjugated with extracted specific Ehrlich tumor antigen and used. The
      antibody-producing cells appeared 6 days after the subcutaneous transplantation
      of Ehrlich tumor cells and increased in number with a peak around the 15th day.
      Humoral anti-Ehrlich tumor antibody estimated by immune adherence gradually
      increased in the tumor-bearing mice, reached the maximum 15 days after the
      transplantation or later, and maintained the high level for a long period. The
      subcutaneous solid tumor grew and reached the maximum in weight around the 15th
      day and regressed thereafter.

PMID- 1220995
TI  - [Changes in atomospheric pressure--a comfort parameter in the airconditioned
      room, which is frequently overlooked].

PMID- 1220994
TI  - N'-nitrosonornicotine in Japanese tobacco products.

PMID- 1220996
TI  - [The simulation of the instationary thermic behavior of airconditioned rooms by
      means of Beuken's electric analog model].

PMID- 1220998
TI  - [Congenital hereditary coagulopathy. Part 1: Classification, diagnosis].

PMID- 1220997
TI  - [Anesthesia for ambulatory patients].
AB  - The specific problems of outpatient anesthesia are discussed with respect to the
      patient's condition, the anesthesist's qualification and pharmacological
      properties of anesthetics used. Methohexitone seems to be the best choice for
      induction. Problems may arise from the use of Propanidid, Ketamin and Diazepam.
      Nitrousoxide and Enflurane are a suitable completion. Endotracheal intubation, if
      needed, is facilitated by Suxamethonium, which is rapidly eliminated. Practical
      aspects of timing, premedication, induction, maintenance and ending of anesthesia
      are pointed out. After 1-2 hours the patient can be allowed to leave the hospital
      accompanied by a responsible person. Driving a car is not recommended before 24
      hours have elapsed since anesthesia.

PMID- 1220999
TI  - [Therapy of progressive scleroderma. Collagen-like protein in progressive
      scleroderma under D-penicillamine therapy].
AB  - The collagen-like-protein (CLP) in sera of patients with scleroderma (n = 20) and
      controls with (n = 25) this disease as well as in scleroderma-patients under
      treatment with D-penicillamine (DPA) was determined. The increase of collagen
      like-protein roughly parallels the activity of the disease and secondly parallels
      the therapy. A relationship to collagen biosynthesis or metabolism is discussed.

PMID- 1221000
TI  - [Significance of coronary innervation].

PMID- 1221001
TI  - [Bladder stones as a complication of gynecologic surgery].
AB  - Two cases of urinary bladder-stone-formation after surgical treatment of a
      prolapsed uterus and an uterus-antefixation according to Kocher are reported. In 
      both cases of synthetic, non absorbable suture was found. The patients suffered
      for several years from pollakisuria and dysuria although laboratory findings on
      the urine sediment were at least in an early stage not suspicious. The presence
      of urinary-bladder-stones was verified cystoscopically and the clinical
      symptomatology ceased promptly after removal of the concrements. Although
      formation of bladder-stone as described above seems to be quite rare, it should
      be prevented by the exclusive use of absorbable material in sutures in the region
      of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 1221002
TI  - [Treatment of postoperative and post-traumatic hematoma in pediatric surgery].
AB  - Despite the extreme care during operative procedures bleeding from wound regions
      cannot be completely avoided especially where children are concerned. This may be
      due to vulnerability of tissues of injuries. Postoperative and posttraumatic
      hematoma often lead to delayed wound healing and at the same time increase the
      danger of infection to the loose and infiltrated subcutaneous tissue. Thus a
      swift and effective therapy of hematoma and seroma is desirable. 20 patients with
      postoperative and 10 patients with post-traumatic hematoma were treated with
      Tanderil Creme. Fifteen untreated patients formed a control group. Reduction of
      swelling and coloration of hematoma took approximately 4 days in patients with
      Tanderil Creme, in the untreated control group there persisted at least 8 days.

PMID- 1221003
TI  - Mounting behavior and lordosis behavior in castrated male rats treated with
      testosterone propionate, or with estradiol benzoate or dihydrotestosterone in
      combination with testosterone propinonate.

PMID- 1221004
TI  - Mounting behavior of female guinea pigs after prenatal and adult administration
      of the propionates of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and androstanediol.

PMID- 1221005
TI  - Female sexual behavior in the male rat: facilitation by cortical application of
      potassium chloride.

PMID- 1221006
TI  - Adrenal inhibition of maternal behavior in virgin female rats.

PMID- 1221008
TI  - Differential sensitivity of mounting and lordosis control systems to early
      androgen treatment in male and female hamsters.

PMID- 1221007
TI  - Effects of pregnancy on parental and other activities of laboratory mice.

PMID- 1221010
TI  - Hormonal basis of hysterectomy-induced maternal behavior during pregnancy in the
      rat.

PMID- 1221009
TI  - Aromatizable and 5alpha-reduced androgens: differentiation between central and
      peripheral effects on male rat sexual behavior.

PMID- 1221012
TI  - Progesterone stimulates running wheel activity in adrenalectomized-ovariectomized
      rats.

PMID- 1221011
TI  - Progesterone inhibition of estrogen-induced maternal behavior in hysterectomized
      ovariectomized virgin rats.

PMID- 1221014
TI  - Effects of castration on sexual behavior of tropical male goats.

PMID- 1221013
TI  - Prepartum onset of maternal behavior in hamsters and the effects of estrogen and
      progesterone.

PMID- 1221015
TI  - Induction of lordosis in female rats: two modes of estrogen action and the effect
      of adrenalectomy.

PMID- 1221016
TI  - Alterations in plasma concentrations of testosterone, LH, and prolactin
      associated with mating in the male rat.

PMID- 1221017
TI  - Synergistic actions of estrogen and androgen on the sexual behavior of the
      castrated male rabbit.

PMID- 1221018
TI  - Lactase and phlorizin hydrolase from rabbit small intestine.

PMID- 1221019
TI  - Partial purification of testicular hyaluronidase using concanavalin A - Sepharose
      affinity chromatography.

PMID- 1221020
TI  - 3'-nucleotidase from germinating rice embryos.

PMID- 1221021
TI  - Electronic band structure of DNA.

PMID- 1221022
TI  - Isolation of nucleoli of tumour cells using citric acid-detergent mixture
      technique.

PMID- 1221023
TI  - Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies on human malignant tissues and cells in
      vitro.

PMID- 1221024
TI  - A complete study of the vibrational spectrum of acetylglycine and its relation to
      the spectrum of acetylcholine.

PMID- 1221025
TI  - Incorporation of fatty acids into monogalactosyl diglyceride and acylation of
      monogalactosyl monoglyceride by spinach leaf preparations.

PMID- 1221026
TI  - Effect of zinc deficiency on collagen cross-linking.

PMID- 1221027
TI  - Influence of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment on kidney
      microsomal mixed function oxidase system during benzene and toluene intoxication
      in adult male rats.

PMID- 1221028
TI  - Respiratory chains of Mycobacterium smegmatis.

PMID- 1221029
TI  - Effect of coumarins on rat liver respiration.

PMID- 1221030
TI  - Pyrrolidine metabolism and its regulation in Arthrobacter sp.

PMID- 1221031
TI  - Changes in ribosomes during development of chick embryo.

PMID- 1221032
TI  - Automated analysis of hydroxyproline in urine.

PMID- 1221033
TI  - Regulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle dehydrogenases in Mycobacterium phlei.

PMID- 1221034
TI  - Some modified properties of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase in protein
      calorie deficient subjects.

PMID- 1221035
TI  - Glycine transport in isolated cerebral tissue during malnourishment and its
      response to neurotropic drugs.

PMID- 1221036
TI  - Study of haemoglobin phenotypes during postnatal stages in Indian cattle and
      buffaloes.

PMID- 1221037
TI  - A simple apparatus using aluminium electrodes for electrophoresis of serum
      proteins, immunoelectrophoresis and counter immunoelectrophoresis.

PMID- 1221038
TI  - Isolation of perchloric acid soluble mucoid fraction of serum and tissues of
      indian buffalo by a modified milder method.

PMID- 1221039
TI  - Microbial metabolism of 2-hydroxypyridine.

PMID- 1221040
TI  - Cancer registry as an essential prerequisite to cancer control.

PMID- 1221042
TI  - Radiotherapy in carcinoma of the oesophagus.

PMID- 1221041
TI  - Breast angiography and clinico-pathological correlation in breast tumours.

PMID- 1221043
TI  - Primary spinal cord tumors--a review of 98 cases.

PMID- 1221044
TI  - Orchioblastoma.

PMID- 1221045
TI  - Nuclear variations in cells of twenty human solid neoplastic tumours.

PMID- 1221046
TI  - Effect of 'tobacco and lime on oral mucosa of rats' fed on vitamin B deficient
      diet.

PMID- 1221047
TI  - Histological changes in the mouse skin after one subcutaneous injection of 20
      methylcholanthrene.

PMID- 1221049
TI  - Umbilical hernia with benign cystic teratoma.

PMID- 1221048
TI  - Profiles of protein biosynthesis (INH) and hydrazine sulfate (HS) treated mice.

PMID- 1221050
TI  - Teratoma of the neck in relation to a thyroglossal cyst.

PMID- 1221051
TI  - Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor--a case report.

PMID- 1221052
TI  - Solitary crossed renal ectopia in a patient with carcinoma cervix.

PMID- 1221053
TI  - Epidemiology of cancer in the Indian sub continent.

PMID- 1221054
TI  - Leland: a love story.

PMID- 1221055
TI  - Moral development and perceptual role-taking egocentrism: their development and
      interrelationship across the life-span.
AB  - Moral judgments and perceptual role taking egocentrism were assessed in seventy
      two middle-class people whose age range encompassed a significant portion of the
      life span. Findings support the anticipated curvilinear relationship between
      moral development and age, and egocentrism and age. However, the close conceptual
      development and age, and egocentrism and age. However, the close conceptual
      relationship between moral development and egocentrism throughout life received
      only slight statistical support, which attained significance only in the fifteen-
      to nineteen-year-old age group. The existence of "self-involving" egocentrism was
      postulated to be an important determinant or moral development during adulthood.

PMID- 1221056
TI  - Primary group interaction of residents in a retirement hotel.
AB  - The interaction patterns of sixty-three residents age 55 and over living in a
      retirement hotel for three types of primary groups-kin, friends, and neighbors
      were studied. Almost all residents voiced high housing satisfaction and were
      involved to various degrees in their primary group network. The relative with
      whom visited the most, usually the adult child, influences the primary group
      interaction the most, but at the same time may contribute to feelings of
      uselessness on the part of the retired residents of the apartment complex.

PMID- 1221057
TI  - Structural effects and life satisfaction among the aged.
AB  - This study investigates whether adjustment, or life satisfaction, is a function
      of the structural effect of community age density, the behavioral varaibles of
      total social interaction and age-graded interaction, or both. The sample contains
      one hundred eight-five persons seventy years of age and older in a midwestern
      state who have resided in their community at least five years. Thus, the study
      examines the influence of community structure on life satisfaction, age-graded
      interaction, and total interaction in a "real world" setting by using a
      relatively non-mobile sample. The findings suggest that no significant
      relationship exists between community structure and either total or age-graded
      interaction. Age-graded interaction, however, is significantly correlated with
      life satisfaction in large communities.

PMID- 1221058
TI  - The aged and diachronic solidarity in modern society.
AB  - Theory in social gerontology has mostly taken the individual as the main unit of
      inference. But one may learn more about the conditions of older people through a
      focus on diachronic solidarity conceptualized as a societal requisite. For this
      suggests that industrial societies have varying needs for older people. Depending
      on the stability of their institutions, identification with them, and
      presumptions about their stability, older people may or may not be accorded an
      important role in the symbolization of societal continuity. Limited evidence on
      the relation between income stratification by age and regime stability supports
      this hypothesis.

PMID- 1221059
TI  - Partial learning and recognition memory in the aged.
AB  - A recognition-memory paradigm was used to test two hypotheses, storage and
      retrieval, which account for the adult age decrement seen in recall. Partial
      storage was minimized by using items in the recognition list which were similar
      to the to-be-remembered items. Recognition performance was unaffected by adult
      age differences, thereby supporting the retrieval hypothesis. However, older
      persons made a greater number of semantic errors in the recognition test list
      supporting the storage hypothesis. While the error difference did not affect
      overall recognition performance, the result does indicate some caution is
      necessary in interpreting age-recognition interactions.

PMID- 1221060
TI  - Public interest report No. 17. "Man does not die, he kills himself".
AB  - The generalization that to be long-lived one must have long-lived ancestors is
      becoming increasingly less valid as knowledge of disease prevention and control
      increases. Leading causes of death for older people are briefly reviewed in terms
      of current incidence, knowledge, and control efforts. Particular attention is
      given to arteriosclerosis, hypertension, and alcoholism.

PMID- 1221061
TI  - The role of cognitive process in social interaction.
AB  - This paper reports on a series of studies designed to investigate the hypothesis
      that the success of a social interaction is function of the compatibility among
      the participants in complexity or degree of differentiation of their cognitive
      structure. Patient-therapist cognitive compatibility is shown to predict the
      success of treatment outcome. Its role in the teacher-student relationship in
      mental health training is more complex: the teacher's cognitive structure
      appearing to be a primary variable. In community action groups, cognitive
      compatibility determines the nature and type of decisions or behaviors carried
      out by the group. The resarch emphasizes the need for increased familiarity with
      cognitive research among social psychiatrists.

PMID- 1221062
TI  - The healing ritual.

PMID- 1221063
TI  - Crisis consultation.

PMID- 1221064
TI  - Attitudes and perception of attitude changes within the interdisciplinary staff
      of an evening mental health clinic.
AB  - A study was made of the attitudes of a multidisciplinary staff of an evening
      mental health clinic. The focus of the clinic is on short-term treatment, and one
      of the main purposes of the study was to investigate the reactions of staff
      members to this type of treatment orientation. Results indicated that staff
      members, when considered as a whole felt that their confidence in their short
      term treatment skills and their belief in the effectiveness of a short-term,
      interdisciplinary treatment center increased over the course of the first year
      the clinic was open. These results were not consistent across disciplines, and
      possible reasons for this inconsistency were discussed.

PMID- 1221065
TI  - Mental health patients in a Barrio health center.
AB  - Utilization by Mexican Americans of Mental Facilities of a Barrio area
      neighborhood health center, and demographic and symptom characteristics of this
      population were investigated. The findings suggest that contrary to other studies
      this program was able to reach a high risk Mexican American population frequently
      missed by mental health programs. The barrio location, the relationship to a
      neighborhood health clinic and a large proportion of Spanish speaking and local
      personnel, seemed to be factors in this result. The patients tended to be young
      adult women with marital problems, somatic complaints and depressive symptoms.

PMID- 1221066
TI  - Volunteer case aides in the U.S.A.
AB  - Mrs. Jeanne Lewington was awarded a 1973 Winston Churchill Fellowship to visit
      the U.S.A. and look at the way volunteers are used, particularly in the field of
      mental health. She studied projects at State and Private Mental Hospitals and
      Community Health Centres. She was particularly impressed with the contribution of
      Volunteer Case Aides in one to one work with psychiatric patients and describes
      this principle in some detail. On her return Mrs. Lewington approached the King's
      Fund London and has been given a grant to finance the establishment of a two year
      Volunteer Case Aide Programme based at St. Crispin Hospital, Northampton,
      England, evaluation of which will take place during 1975.

PMID- 1221067
TI  - A survey of criminal homicide in Nigeria.

PMID- 1221068
TI  - Insanity proceedings and black-white state hospital admission rate differences.
AB  - This study attempted to determine if the higher state hospital admission rates of
      blacks are due to greater proportions of blacks being adjudicated incompetent at
      county insanity hearings. The records of 2,264 cases from 12 Florida counties in
      1969 and observations and interviews in the county courts were used to answer
      this question. With the exception of a slight difference in middle-sized
      counties, the higher rates of state hospital admission were found to be due to
      initial differences in petitioning to the court rather than to adjudication
      differences. The lack of difference is due to the fact that the proportion
      competent, when refined, proves to be very small for both blacks and whites, thus
      allowing for little variation by ethnicity. The operation of a racial stereotype
      was, however, demonstrated in a detailed analysis of one large county.

PMID- 1221069
TI  - A study on rupture of gravid uterus.

PMID- 1221070
TI  - Oral glucose-electrolyte solution in the treatment of cholera and other
      diarrhoeas.

PMID- 1221071
TI  - Tuberculosis of the penis.

PMID- 1221072
TI  - Intestinal myiasis due to Eristalis tenax.

PMID- 1221073
TI  - A family of diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism.

PMID- 1221074
TI  - IMA Chief speaks at the 29th W.M. Assembly.

PMID- 1221075
TI  - Extraction of sleep-promoting factor S from cerebrospinal fluid and from brains
      of sleep-deprived animals.
AB  - Sleep-promoting factor (factor S) was extracted, partially purified, and
      concentrated from cerebrospinal fluid and from acid-acetone extracts of brain
      stem anc cortex of sleep-deprived goats and sheep. 2. Solutes greater than 500
      daltons were largely removed by serial ultrafiltrations through molecular sieves
      (Amicon membranes UM10 and UM05); solutes less than 350 daltons were largely
      eliminated by gel filtration through Sephadex G10 columns. Sleep-promoting
      activity was found in a fraction eluted prior to [14C] sucrose marker. 3.
      Concentrated fraction were infused intraventricularly in rats (0.1 ml in 30 min
      just prior to 12-h dark cycle) and in rabbits (0.3 ml in 90 min in morning).
      Sleep-promoting activity was assayed by decrease in nocturnal locomotor activity
      of rats and by duration and amplitude of slow-wave cortical EEG in rabbits.

PMID- 1221076
TI  - Morphology and distribution of muscle spindles in dorsal muscles of the cat neck.
AB  - Silver-stained sections have been examined from the five dorsal neck muscles
      splenius, biventer, cervicis, complexus, rectus capitis major, and
      occipitoscapularis. Every serial section was examined for at least one muscle of
      each type so that a complete description of the spindle distribution and
      morphology could be made. With the exception of occipitoscapularis (whose prime
      function is probably in scapula rotation and not in head movement), neck muscles
      have a remarkably high spindle density. Occipitoscapularis has a spindle density
      similar to that of hindleg locomotor muscles (13-19 per gram), but splenius has a
      density of 46-66 per gram, biventer cervicis 74-96 per gram, complexus 71-107 per
      gram, and rectus capitis major 48-84 per gram. Such high densities have only
      previously been seen in small muscles whose total spindle population is not
      large. Because of the relatively large size of some neck muscles, individual
      muscles with a spindle content of up to 254 spindles have been found.

PMID- 1221077
TI  - Electrophysiological study of formation of new synapses and collateral sprouting
      in red nucleus neurons after partial denervation.
AB  - Intracellular recording was made from cat's red nucleus after chronic lesion of
      the nucleus interpositus (IP) of the cerebellum and the properties of the
      corticorubral EPSPs were examined. 2. It was found that the time to peak of the
      corticorubral ESPSs induced from cerebral peduncle (CP EPSP) of chronic cats was
      much faster than that of normal cats. There was no simple decay following the
      rapid rise and early summit; instead there was another peak as if the slow normal
      CP EPSPs were superimposed on the fast ones. 3. By stimulating two loci,
      sensorimotor cortex and the cerebral peduncle, the conduction velocities of the
      fibers responsible for the newly appeared fast-rising component of the
      corticorubral EPSPs were measured. They were almost the same as those of normal
      corticorubral EPSPs.

PMID- 1221078
TI  - Axonal conduction latencies of cat retinal ganglion cells.

PMID- 1221079
TI  - Receptive-field characteristics of single neurons in lateral suprasylvian visual
      area of the cat.
AB  - The visual receptive fields of 213 cells in the lateral suprasylvian visual
      cortex (LS, or Clare-Bishop area) were studied in cats anesthetized with nitrous
      oxide. Eighty-one percent of the cells were directionally selective. They
      responded poorly to stationary stimuli flashed on or off, but gave a
      directionally selective response to stimuli moving through the receptive field.
      Most of these had a single preferred direction and an opposite null direction.
      They typically responded to a range of directions of stimulus movement from 45 to
      90 degrees to either side of the preferred direction. Small stimuli (1-2 degrees
      or smaller) typically were effective and 87% of the directionally selective cells
      showed spatial summation. About 32% had inhibitory mechanisms which decreased the
      response of the cell if the stimulus exceeded a maximum size. There was little or
      no evidence that LS area cells were orientation selective or sensitive to
      variations in stimulus shape independent of size.

PMID- 1221080
TI  - Properties of projections from vestibular nuclei to medial reticular formation in
      the cat.
AB  - In one series of experiments, vestibular neurons that could be activated
      antidromically by stimulation of the contralateral medial reticular formation
      were studied with extracellular recording in cats under pentobarbital anesthesia.
      These neurons were found in all of the four main vestibular nuclei, but were less
      prevalent in dorsal Deiters' nucleus and in the central region of the superior
      vestibular nucleus than elsewhere. Regions of the pontine and medullary reticular
      formation from which neurons in different vestibular nuclei were activated
      corresponded to the pattern of vestibuloreticular projections described by
      neuroanatomists. 2. Latencies of antidromic responses to stimulation of the
      contralateral reticular formation ranged from 0.6 to over 3 ms, indicating a
      relatively slow transfer of activity from vestibular nuclei to reticular
      formation.

PMID- 1221081
TI  - Awareness of knee joint angle under static conditions.
AB  - The ability of subjects to match the angle of a passively positioned knee joint
      by active positioning of the opposite leg is nearly constant with time from 15s
      to 3 min. However, their ability to match this angle from memory is equally good.
      Thus, knowledge of joint angle after movement has ceased does not necessarily
      require ongoing input from tonic peripheral receptors.

PMID- 1221082
TI  - Slowly adapting receptors in cat knee joint: can they signal joint angle?
AB  - Afferent activity in the lateral (LAN), medial (MAN), and posterior (PAN)
      articular nerves supplying the cat knee joint was studied at intermediate
      positions of the joint that included most of its working range. The discharge was
      analyzed only while the joint was stationary. The small LAN showed negligible
      tonic activity at intermediate angles (as determined by gross recording) and was
      not studied further.

PMID- 1221083
TI  - Information signaled by sensory fibers in medial articular nerve.
AB  - Responses of 331 individual medial articular nerve fibers innervating the cat
      knee joint were tested to bending the joint over its entire range and to pressing
      on the tissues of the joint. The 331 fibers were classified into five groups on
      the basis of their discharge characteristics: slowly adapting (64), phasic (103),
      Pacinian corpuscle-like (12), weakly activated (39), and nonactivated (113). Five
      of the slowly adapting and all twelve of the Pacinian corpuscle-like receptors
      responded at intermediate joint angles. The remainder responded, if at all, only
      near the extremes of joint bending or twisting. Many of these same receptors
      could be activated by pressing about the knee. Sometimes gentle pressure on the
      focus sufficed to produce a vigorous discharge. The properties of these receptors
      are considered to be consistent with the hypothesis that articular
      mechanoreceptors do not signal joint angle but are involved in deep-pressure
      sensations.

PMID- 1221084
TI  - Mechanical factors influencing response of joint afferent neurons from cat knee.
AB  - The responses of 67 slowly adapting joint afferent neurons in cat posterior
      articular nerve (PAN) were studied in relation to mechanical stimulation of the
      knee. The response of most neurons could be interpreted in terms of the
      stretching of joint tissues resulting from angular displacement of the knee. No
      neurons discharged at angles intermediate between the limits of movement of the
      joint. The limits of movement of the joint were operationally defined in terms of
      displacements resulting from applied torques.

PMID- 1221085
TI  - Stereopsis in normal domestic cat, Siamese cat, and cat raised with alternating
      monocular occlusion.
AB  - Normal cats, cats raised with alternating monocular occluders, and Siamese cats
      were tested for stereoscopic vision using a shadow-casting technique that
      produced line stereograms. Human subjects were tested with the same apparatus. 1.
      Normal cats had stereoscopic vision, but AO and Siamese cats did not. 2. Normal
      AO cats, and Siamese cats all had equal visual activity (about 6 feet of arc) and
      all could make accurate judgments about the depth of real objects. 3. Normal cats
      could fuse crossed disparities as great as 50 feet of arc and uncrossed
      disparities as great as 30 feet of arc. 4. Normal cats could make stereoscopic
      discriminations with stimulus disparities greater than 1 degree, even though they
      could not fuse disparities of this magnitude. 5. Both the AO and the Siamese cats
      exhibited a convergent squint. 6. Human subjects viewing identical stimuli could
      not fuse stimuli having disparities greater than 10 feet, although they could
      make depth judgments for crossed disparities as great as 5 degrees. 7. These
      results imply that animals without binocular cells in area 17 do not have
      stereoscopic vision, but do not determine if disparity-selective cells in the
      visual cortex are responsible for stereopsis.

PMID- 1221086
TI  - Direction selectivity of simple striate cells: properties and mechanism.
AB  - Most simple cells in the striate cortex of the cat are direction selective,
      firing to broadside movement of an optimally oriented edge or bar in one
      direction of motion and not the other. The smallest stimulus displacement for
      which a direction-selective discrimination can be made cannot be smaller than the
      threshold for the detection of the displacement itself. It is shown that retinal
      image quality is an important limiting factor in respect to the thresholds both
      for stimulus displacement and direction selectivity.

PMID- 1221088
TI  - Electrodurography: indications and diagnostic value.

PMID- 1221087
TI  - Direction selectivity of complex cells in a comparison with simple cells.
AB  - Following our earlier study on direction selectivity in simple cells (5), the
      present findings on complex cells made it possible to compare the direction
      selectivity in the two types of striate cell. Common properties were found in the
      dimension of the smallest stimulus displacement giving a direction-selective
      response and in the role of inhibition in suppressing the response as the
      stimulus moved in the nonpreferred direction. However, the effectiveness of this
      inhibition varied in the two cell types since it suppressed both driven and
      spontaneous activity in the simple cell, but only driven firing in the complex
      cell. It is argued that direction selectivity must enter the response before the
      complex cell if the inhibition responsible for it's generation fails to influence
      the spontaneous activity of the cell. The consequences of this finding are
      considered in the terms of parallel or sequential processing of visual
      information in striate cortex.

PMID- 1221089
TI  - Physiopathology of epileptic seizure.

PMID- 1221090
TI  - Kinking and coiling of the internal carotid artery: Clinical-statistical
      observations and surgical perspectives.
AB  - The incidence of kinking and coiling of the internal carotid artery in an
      unselected series of 1,010 angiographies is reported. The angiographies of
      patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency and those of patients with other
      brain diseases were separately reviewed. On the basis of a statistical
      comparison, the finding of kinks and coils appears significantly higher in
      "vascular" than in "non-vascular" patients. The greater difference concerns age
      subgroups up to 50 years. These data give support to the assumption that both
      kinking and coiling of the internal carotid artery may play a role in determining
      cerebral ischemic attacks. Surgical experience concerns a series of 19 patients
      operated by various corrective procedures, including resection of the internal
      carotid artery and end-to-end anastomosis. It is felt that surgery, performed in
      appropriately selected cases, can afford significant benefits to cerebrovascular
      patients, especially those presenting recurrent ischemic episodes.

PMID- 1221091
TI  - Arteriosclerosis of the brain vessels as an indication to vascular surgery.

PMID- 1221092
TI  - Hemispheric brain scan contribution to ischemic cerebral disorders.

PMID- 1221093
TI  - Small arterial anastomoses: experimental models applicable to microneurosurgical
      practice.
AB  - Four main models of vascular microsurgical anastomoses in rabbits are described
      with reference to revascularization procedures in man. Some technical expedients
      designed to improve the patency rate, are outlined. This preliminary report
      emphasizes the value of laboratory training to achieve successful results with
      microneurosurgical treatment of cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 1221094
TI  - Evaluation of indications for direct surgical management in SAH due to ruptured
      intracranial aneurysms. Immediate and long-term results in a cooperative study of
      678 cases.

PMID- 1221095
TI  - Long-term results of non-operative management of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

PMID- 1221096
TI  - Preoperative management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

PMID- 1221097
TI  - Microneurovascular surgery for cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 1221098
TI  - Experiences in management of ruptured aneurysms.

PMID- 1221099
TI  - Long-term prognosis in a group of patinets with ruptured unoperated intracranial
      arterial aneurysms.

PMID- 1221100
TI  - Medical treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to cerebral aneurysm in old
      patients.

PMID- 1221101
TI  - 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in lumbar CSF of patients with subarachnoid
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1221102
TI  - Cerebral transit time by intravenous isotopic technique in S.A.H.

PMID- 1221103
TI  - Antifibrinolytic therapy in the treatment of subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by
      arterial aneurysms.

PMID- 1221104
TI  - Ruptured intracranial aneurysms as the cause of acute cerebral vascular
      accidents.

PMID- 1221105
TI  - Surgery of epilepsy Diagnostic importance of SEEG.

PMID- 1221106
TI  - Surgical treatment of partial epilepsy: remarks on the relative role of stereo
      EEG and other diagnostic examinations.

PMID- 1221107
TI  - Surgery of epilepsy: some indications for SEEG.

PMID- 1221108
TI  - Conversion of a multichannel analyser into an analogue signal averager.

PMID- 1221109
TI  - [Peripheral secretion and inactivation of catecholamines (adrenaline,
      noradrenaline, dopamine)].
AB  - In spite of the biochemical relationship between catecholamines (E,NE,DA), the
      unity of the adrenergic system is only apparent; catecholamines are present in
      numerous pools, which exhibit different anatomical and cellular localizations,
      secretory patterns, control of release, physiological functions, inactivation
      schemes and metabolic behaviour. The main sources of catecholamines in the
      periphery are the orthosympathetic nervous system, which is permanently active in
      maintaining homoeostasy, and the adrenal medulla, an essential element in the
      struggle against stress. In addition to these large pools, catecholamines are
      found also in extra adrenal chromaffin tissue and in sympathetic ganglions; the
      latter represents a potential store of amines, whilst ganglionic dopamine-rich
      interneurones are important links in the regulation of orthosympathetic activity.
      Rather than by a topographic distinction, it seems more satisfactory to classify
      the catecholamines spread in adrenergic fields into a small number of pools
      possessing their own physiological functions and inactivation patterns. Two main
      pools of catecholamines in the periphery may be described: The functional pool,
      represented by those catecholamines already released, or able to be released; in
      this pool are found plasma and adrenal medullary catecholamines and NE from
      sympathetic nerve endings. The tissue pool, consisting of the synthesis and
      storage compartments, which are poorly penetrated by plasma pool with respect to
      their high possibilities for synthesis and storage. Catecholamines from cellular
      bodies and axons of sympathetic neurons and a part of the adrenal medullary
      amines may be related to it. Two other pools of catecholamines have to be
      reported: a potential extrachromaffin pool, which is apparently negligible in the
      physiological state, but able to exhibit its synthetic and secretory capacities
      in particularly critical situations; an intraganglionic dopamine pool, which
      plays a modulator role in ganglionic synaptic transmission; its mode of secretion
      and inactivation are not necessarily the same as those of the above pools. To
      such a physiological diversity, specific regulatory processes, correspond the aim
      of which is, to stop physiological activity of released catecholamines, by means
      of physical and chemical inactivating mechanisms; to limit the amount of released
      product by local control of the neuromediator outflow; to minimize losses of
      active compound by neuronal and cellular uptake and perhaps by sulfoconjugation;
      to destroy the excess of synthesized or reabsorbed amines when tissue or neuronal
      concentration becomes too high (tissue metabolism).

PMID- 1221110
TI  - [Circadian variations of the effects of ethanol and of blood ethanol values in
      the healthy adult man. Chronopharmacological study].
AB  - Six healthy young men (22 to 26 years) who had fasted for 12 hours volunteered
      for this study (subject synchronization: diurnal activity from 07(00) to midnight
      and nocturnal rest). A set dose of ethanol (0.67 g/kg body weight) was ingested
      at the fixed (and random) hours of 07(00), 11(00), 19(00) and 23(00), with a week
      between tests. A set of physiological variables: psychological tests (selft
      rating of mood, of physical vigor and of ebriety, tempo, random number addition
      test); physical variables (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure,
      peak expiratory flow, oral temperature and grip strength); blood variables
      (plasma ethanol, cortisol, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, glucose and erythrocyte K+)
      and urinary variables (volume, epinephrine, nor-epinephrine and 5-HIAA) were
      documented at least at 4 hourly intervals and set times. The cosinor method was
      used for chronobiological statistical analyses. The parameters characterizing the
      ethanol pharmacokinetics (chronopharmacokinetics) demonstrated a circadian rhythm
      (p less than 0.05): e. g. the peak height of ethanolemia is greater when ethanol
      is ingested at 07(00) than at other times. Also a circadian rhythm in biosystems
      susceptibility can be demonstrated (p less than 0.05) (chronesthesy) with a peak
      time not necessarily corresponding either to that of ethanolemia or to that of
      other variables. The overall circadian changes in ethanol effects (chronergy) can
      be viewed as a combination of both ethanol chronesthesy and chronokinetics.

PMID- 1221111
TI  - [Effect of 2,4 dinitrophenol and ouabain on the ability of cesium ions to
      substitute for intracellular potassium ions in isolated and perfused turtle heart
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. It has been shown that most of the intracellular potassium of turtle heart can
      be replaced by cesium. 2. The uptake of cesium is reduced by the presence of
      either DNP 5.10(-5) M or ouabain 10(-6) M in the external medium. The presence of
      10(-5) M ouabain markedly inhibits the uptake of cesium. 3. These results lead to
      the conclusion that the intracellular accumulation of cesium occurs via an active
      inward transport system wich operates with the simultaneous efflux of sodium.

PMID- 1221112
TI  - [Modulation of intestinal absorption of calcium].
AB  - 1. Absorption of ingested calcium (2 ml of a 10mM CaCl2 solution + 45Ca) by the
      adult rat was shown to be facilitated by the simultaneous ingestion of an active
      carbohydrate, L-arabinose. As the carbohydrate concentration is increased from 10
      to 200 mM, the adsorption of calcium is maximized at a level corresponding to
      about twice the control adsorption level. 2. A similar doubling of calcium
      adsorption is obtained when a 100 mM concentration of any one of a number of
      other carbohydrates (gluconic acid, mannose, glucosamine, sorbitol, lactose,
      raffinose, stachyose) is ingested simultaneously with a 10 mM CaCl2 solution. 3.
      Conversely, the simultaneous ingestion of increasing doses (10 to 100 mM) of
      phosphate (NaH2PO4) with a 10 mM CaCl2 solution results in decreased 45Ca
      absorption and retention by the adult rat. 4. The maximum inhibition of calcium
      adsorption by phosphate is independent of the concentration of the ingested
      calcium solution (from 5 to 50 mM CaCl2). 5. The simultaneous ingestion of CaCl2
      (10 mM) with lactose and sodium phosphate (50 and 10 mM, respectively) shows that
      the activating effect of lactose upon 45Ca adsorption may be partly dissimulated
      by the presence of phosphate. 6. These various observations indicate that, within
      a large concentration range (2 to 50 mM CaCl2), calcium adsorption appears to be
      a precisely modulated diffusion process. Calcium absorption varies (between
      minimum and maximum levels) as a function of the state of saturation by the
      activators (carbohydrates) and inhibitors (phosphate) of the calcium transport
      system.

PMID- 1221113
TI  - [Effect of alcohol on the metabolic conversion of 14C erucic acid in the liver of
      rats receiving rapeseed or peanut oil].
AB  - The effects of addition of ethanol to diets containing rapeseed or ground nut oil
      on the metabolic conversions of 14 14C erucic and 9-10 3H oleic acid were studied
      in the rat liver. 1. Whatever the diet more 14C than 3H radioactivity was
      recovered in liver lipids 2 and 19 hours after injection of labelled fatty acids.
      Ethanol has little effect on this incorporation. 2. Only small amounts of 3H
      oleic acid were converted. 3. In all cases, the metabolic conversion of erucic
      acid was identical: the main part of 14C was not recovered as erucic acid but was
      present in other monounsaturated fatty acids n-9: oleic acid (18 : 1), which was
      the most labelled acid, 16 : 1, 20 : 1 and nervonic acid (24 : 1). 4. The amount
      of erucic acid converted to shorter chain fatty acids was unchanged by addition
      of ethanol but the alcohol increased the proportion of 14C radioactivity
      recovered as nervonic acid. This latter effect was opposite to the effect of
      rapeseed oil diet, which consisted in a decrease in the conversion of erucic to
      nervonic acid. 5. A high amount of 14C radioactivity was recovered in the F.F.A.
      fraction of the liver as an unknown compound (13 and 80% of 14C radioactivity
      respectively after 2 and 19 h.) Its identification is presently under
      investigation.

PMID- 1221115
TI  - [Reversal of portal flow by obstruction of the hepatic veins by hepatic tumours
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Hepatic tumours may, in the course of their development, compress or invade the
      hepatic veins, causing in a certain way a secondary Budd-Chiari syndrome of
      neoplastic origin. This results in reversal of the intrahepatic portal flow in
      the corresponding area, easily seen at arteriography. Hepatic arteriography shows
      retrograde opacification of intra-hepatic portal branches (arterio-portal reflux)
      which is the direct sign. Return ileoportography shows the functional absence of
      those portal branches in which current is reversed which is the indirect sign.
      This haemodynamic anomaly seen at arteriography is particularly interesting when
      the responsible tumour is an invasive and avascular carcinoma of the liver, as
      was the case with our two patients, since it represents the only angiographic
      sign from which the diagnosis may be made, there being neither
      hypervascularisation nor evidence of a mass.

PMID- 1221114
TI  - [The left superior intercostal vein (author's transl)].
AB  - Study on the LSIV has several points of value: It enters into the normal
      mediastinal outline, forming the aortic "nipple". It may be the site of
      dilatation, either congenitally or secondary to haemodynamics changes. This
      venous dilatation should not be confused with a mediastinal tumour. It forms, in
      the majority of cases, an anastomosis between the superior vena cava and the
      azgos vein and therefore plays a part in the collateral circulation of caval
      obstruction syndromes. Its transverse course explains its involvement in the
      anterior and posterior mediastinal syndromes. Opacification of the LSIV should be
      part of the study of mediastinal tumours. By virtue of its relations with the
      left upper lobe, its study should be part of the pre-therapeutic assessment of
      such lesions.

PMID- 1221117
TI  - [Case of the month. What is your diagnosis?].

PMID- 1221116
TI  - [Radiology of tumours of the region of the ampulla of Vater (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of 18 personal cases, the authors discuss the different radiological
      appearances of tumours of the ampulla of Vater region. After a review of the
      histopathological aspects, they attempt to separate the respective indications
      for the various endoscopic and radiological studies possible, stressing the
      importance of duodenoscopy. They give an illustrated classification of the
      different appearances seen.

PMID- 1221118
TI  - [Radiological appearances of cancer of the gastric stump (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report 35 cases of primary carcinoma of the gastric stump, describing
      the technique they use for radiography, noting the main diagnosis signs and
      discussing the importance of the various methods for their study. They emphasize
      the importance of periodic post-operative control in these cases.

PMID- 1221119
TI  - [Topographical radiological anatomy of the extra-hepatic biliary system seen in
      lateral view. Tone and projecting movements of the hepatic/bile ducts (author's
      transl)].
AB  - This study is based essentially on lateral views of 244 examinations of the
      biliary tract by non-operative trans-hepato-cholecystographic radiomanometry and
      on some lateral views of cholecystograms. Despite the classical conception
      (Lutkens) of gall bladders invariably oblique, it showed that some are vertical,
      horizontal or even descending. Contrary to this classical conception which
      describes the infundibulum and cystic ducts as being oblique from the front
      backwards in the same direction as the long axis of an oblique gall bladder,
      these lateral views showed that, whilst the infundibulum may continue in the same
      direction as the long axis of the gall bladder, the same does not apply to the
      neck and cystic duct. They run from behind forwards and almost always in the
      direction of feet to head of the subject. Very rarely the neck is directed from
      head to foot. In addition, and once again contrary to Lukens description, the
      common bile duct is not the most posterior of the parts of the biliary tree. It
      is the infundibulocervical region which is the most inclined, regardless of the
      type of gall bladder. These lateral views also made it possible to demonstrate
      the pathognomic appearances of hypotonic and hypertonix hepatic/bile ducts and
      the antero-posterior projecting movements of the main bile duct.

PMID- 1221121
TI  - [Reactional hyperaemia and peripheral arteriography (author's transl)].
AB  - Reactional hyperaemia is a technique for functional study of the peripheral
      arterial circulation which may be applied to arteriography. It represents the
      maximum point on the scale of modifiers of function which may be used in
      peripheral arteriography. It opens the way to interesting comparison between
      peripheral arteriography and the various functional studies which may be employed
      in peripheral vascular pathology.

PMID- 1221120
TI  - [Portal venous return in cases of obstruction of the inferior vena cava.
      Phlebographic study of five cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Amongst 77 patients studied by phlebography for obstruction of the inferior vena
      cava, 5 (6%) showed evidence of a portal collateral network: 3 via the mesenteric
      vein, 2 via the epiploic veins. In four cases the portal flow represented the
      principal collateral flow. Our cases, together with those described in the
      literature, show that portal collateral flow occurs in at least 5% of cases of
      caval obstruction. They should, therefore, have been reported more frequently
      since it would appear that our five cases bring the total published to date to
      only 13.

PMID- 1221122
TI  - [Diffuse gastric polyposis predominating in the antrum (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report a case of diffuse gastric polyposis predominating in the
      antrum. They emphasize the interest of double contrast radiological examination
      of the mucosa and fiberendoscopy with biopsy, in the diagnosis.

PMID- 1221123
TI  - [Double contrast barium enema in the adult, using tannin (author's transl)].
AB  - The description of a new technique of double contrast of the colon using barium,
      gum arabic and tannin in a low dose. The study involved more than, 1,500 adult
      patients without incident.

PMID- 1221124
TI  - [Progress in diagnosis in osteo-articular pathology (author's transl)].
AB  - Osteo-articular diagnosis is too often considered at present to be synonymous
      with radiological diagnosis. This has come to be almost a sine qua non.
      Nevertheless a normal X-ray does not mean that the patient is free of disease. On
      the contrary, there exists the considerable handicap of the latent period between
      the onset of disease and the appearance of radiological signs. If blind faith in
      such a notion is allowed to persist, a profitable means of progress is closed
      both to our discipline and pathology in general. Over the last decade has emerged
      a new tendency towards the study of the initial phases of disease and an earlier
      diagnosis during the pre-radiological phase. This tendency, which opens new
      perspectives, already enjoys highly promising success and deserves wider
      recognition, encouragement, development and study. It results more from an
      attitude of mind rather than the development of a technique and for this reason
      should lead to the suggestion of other methods and solutions. In bringing us
      closer to the source of the pathological process it will aid in better
      understanding of its true nature and pathogenesis. In a word, it will help us to
      understand the starting phases of disease whilst radiology reveals only the
      active process. Inasmuch as early physiopathological processes are reversible, it
      should open the door to new therapeutic approaches.

PMID- 1221126
TI  - [Proceedings: Xeroradiography of the breast].

PMID- 1221125
TI  - [Proceedings: Comparison of xeroradiography and the technic of superimposed
      radiography and photography in the study of facial bone structure].

PMID- 1221127
TI  - [Proceedings: Xeroradiography of bone].

PMID- 1221128
TI  - [Proceedings: Calcified metastases of an epithelioma of the ovary].

PMID- 1221129
TI  - Uptake of amino acids and thymidine during the first cell cycle of synchronized
      hamster cells.
AB  - The net total uptake of four amino acids (valine, leucine, lysine and methionine)
      used at concentrations required for growth, and of thymidine at tracer
      concentrations, has been studied during the first cell cycle of an asparagine
      dependent strain of transformed BHK cells synchronized by asparagine starvation.
      The rate of the total uptake of the amino acids, the free pool of the amino acids
      taken up, and the rate of their incorporation into protein at the end of the
      first cell cycle were, on the average, 12-fold that at the beginning of the cell
      cycle. The increase in these parameters during the cell cycle was not linear. The
      uptake of thymidine started before the onset of DNA synthesis and proceeded
      linearly beyond the peak of the S phase. The rate of accumulation of thymidine
      into the acid-soluble fraction also increased during the S phase, apart from a
      tendency to plateau off at the peak of this phase. It reached a second plateau
      towards the end of the cell cycle, and then declined slightly. Evidence is
      presented which suggests that the total quantity of protein synthesized during
      the cell cycle is more than the newly synthesized protein present in the cells at
      the end of the cell cycle; this indicated degradation and/or secretion of a
      substantial proportion of the newly synthesized protein. The total protein
      synthesized at different time points in the cell cycle appeared to contain
      different proportions of the amino acids used.

PMID- 1221130
TI  - [Cystic diseases of the kidney in adults].

PMID- 1221131
TI  - Sympathomimetic actions of reserpine administered during treatment with dopamine
      in the dog.
AB  - Reserpine injected intravenously during infusion with dopamine brought about
      sympathomimetic effects, but a second injection of reserpine after 120 minutes
      did not elicit such effects. This pressor effect was eliminated by
      phenoxybenzamine and this positive chronotrpic effect by propranolol. Reserpine
      induced similar but weak sympathomimetic effects after cocaine, while it induced
      no changes in blood pressure and heart rate after infusion with noradrenaline.
      Meanwhile, pressor response to dopamine was potentiated 24 hours after reserpine
      and was further potentiated after additional infusion with noradrenaline. The
      sympathomimetic actions induced by the concurrent administration of reserpine and
      dopamine may be attributable to a facilitation of those indirect mechanisms,
      prinicpally of endogenous catecholamine release.

PMID- 1221132
TI  - Drug-induced adrenaline release and blood glucose in rats: 3-phenyl-5(2
      piperidinoethyl)-isoxazole citrate.
AB  - The effects of 3-phenyl-5-(2-piperidinoethyl)-isoxazole citrate (31245) on blood
      glucose level and adrenaline release from the adrenal gland were studied in rats.
      Elevation of blood glucose was detected in intact and hypophysectomized rats, but
      not in adrenalectomized or adrenal-demedullated rats after s.c.injection of
      31245. Increase of adrenaline release from the left adrenal after administration
      of 31245 was detected under pentobarbital anesthesia. In splanchnicotomized rats,
      no increase of adrenaline secretion was observed after administration of this
      compound. Pretreatment with 31245, 5 mg/kg i.v., prevented about 35% of the
      adrenaline output caused by electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerve,
      though it had no inhibitory effect on adrenaline secretion caused by histamine
      and bradykinin. From these results, it is concluded that hyperglycemia induced by
      31245 is due to hypersecretion of adrenaline from the adrenal glands through
      excitation of the splanchnic nerves, though its direct action on the gland is an
      inhibitory effect on adrenaline release.

PMID- 1221134
TI  - Inhibition of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in blood vessels by picolinic acid
      derivatives in vivo and their anthypertensive effects.
AB  - The effect of picolinic acid derivatives, 5-butylpicolinic (fusaric) acid (FA), 5
      (3',4'-DIBROMOBUTYL)PICOLINIC ACID(BPR2FA)and 50(N'N
      dimethyldithiocarbamoilmethyl)picolinic acid (YP-279) on dopamine beta
      hydroxylase in blood vessels in vivo was studied. Maximum inhibition of the
      conversion of 14C-dopamine (14C-DA) to 14C-norepinephrine (14C-ne) in rat aorta,
      mesenteric artery and renal artery was detected 30 min after FA and Br2FA (75
      mg/kg) and 60 min after YP-279 (75 MG/KG). NE synthesis from 14C-DA returned to
      near control values by 6 hr in the blood vessels. NE levels of the aorta and
      mesenteric artery were sigkificantly reduced by 30 to 50% at 4 hr after Br2FA or
      FA (75 mg/kg). Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity, using tyramine as
      substrate, in heart, aorta, mesenteric artery and renal artery was markedly
      reduced. The concentrations of FA, Br2FA and YP-279 in rat blood following a
      single i.p, injection of each drug increase rapidly, reaching highest values in 0
      to 30 min and decreasing slowly to 0 after 6 hr. These compounds did not affect
      the uptake of 3H-NE into the rat heart. These three compounds were found to lower
      blood pressure effectively in normal Wistar rats (above 25 mg/kg).

PMID- 1221133
TI  - Inhibitory effects of caffeine on developed tension and calcium movement in
      guinea pig taenia coli in high-K medium.
AB  - Since the correlation between the K-induced contracture and the Ca movement
      during the contrature in guinea-pig taenia coli has been clarified, the effects
      of caffeine were deemed worthy of investigation. The tonic contraction induced by
      40 mM K disappeared within 5 min in the presence of caffeine above 7 mM. The
      inhibitory effect of caffeine was reversed by a high concentration of Ca added to
      the external medium. High-K added to the medium increased tissue Ca, Ca uptake
      and the size of cellular Ca fraction that did not exchange within 4 min (tightly
      bound fraction TBF), and it decreased Ca efflux. An application of 7 mM caffeine
      to the muscle treated with high-K for 30 min restored all parameters to the
      control level. Further, caffeine had no effect on the developed tension of the
      glycerinated taenia induced by Ca, Mg and ATP. It was observed that 14C-caffeine
      entered the cell in the presence of high-K. From these data, it is suggested that
      caffeine inhibits high-K induced contracture by inhibiting Ca influx into the
      contractile mechanism.

PMID- 1221135
TI  - Interaction of Ca, Mg and ATP in glycerinated taenia coli of guinea pig.
AB  - Ca sensitivity and energy dependence in the contractile proteins of the
      glycerinated taenia coli of guinea pig were studied. Above 1 X 10(-7)M Ca caused
      contraction in muscle which had been immersed in glycerol solution for 7 days in
      the presence of 5 mM Mg-ATP. Muscles which had been immersed in glycerol for 30
      days had a higher Ca sensitivity than ones in glycerol for 7 days. When AMP or
      ADP (5, 10 MM) in place of ATP was added in the presence of 1 X 10(-6) M Ca and
      Mg(5, 10 mM), there was no contraction. Increasing the concentration of the same
      molar ratio of Mg-ATP from 1 to 20 mM in the presence of 1 X 10(-6) M Ca, the
      tension increased according to the Mg-ATP concentration. However, increase in Mg
      or ATP only in the presence of 1 X 10(-6) M Ca did not increase the tension. In
      conclusion, the three factors of Ca, Mg and ATP are essential for the activation
      of the contractile elements of glycerinated taenia. It is also suggested that the
      tension development in glycerinated taemia is controlled by the concentration of
      Ca and Mg-ATP complexes in intracellular fluid.

PMID- 1221136
TI  - Analytical study of acquisition on free-operant avoidance response for evaluation
      of psychotropic drugs in rats.
AB  - Systematic research was performed on the acquisition of free-operant (Sidman
      type) avoidance response, which is widely used for the study of psychotropic
      drugs, with the following results: When the training session was fixed at 2 hours
      once daily, shock-shock (S-S) interval at 5 seconds, and response-shock (R-S)
      interval variable-20, 30 and 60 seconds, the acquisition speed of the response
      was almost constant independent of the R-S interval, about 6 sessions being
      always required. When the S-S and R-S intervals were constantly 5 and 30 seconds,
      respectively and the length of one session was varying-1, 2 and 4 hours, the
      behavioral baseline was established after about 6 sessions independently of the
      length of the session. Thus the cumulative time for the acquisition was shortest
      when one session was 1 hour long, and longest when it was 4 hours long. There was
      a linear relation with negative inclination between the logarithm of mean numbers
      of shock delivered per sessions and the number of sessions. In rapid and exact
      training of animals for the evaluation of drug effects, one session of an hour
      per day is adequate. In the evaluation of drug effects on the acquisition
      process, observation of the shift in logarithmic value of shocks delivered is
      recommended.

PMID- 1221137
TI  - Antiarrhythmic effect of aprindine on several types of ventricular arrhythmias.
AB  - The antiarrhythmic effect of aprindine was compared with those of lidocaine and
      propranolol on several ventricular arrhythmias-epinephrine arrhythmias in cats,
      ouabain arrhythmias in cats and guinea pigs, ischemic ventricular arrhythmias in
      coronary-ligated Beagle dogs. Antiarrhythmic effects of aprindine and lidocaine
      were observed both in ouagain and ischemic arrhythmias, but not in epinephrine
      arrhythmias. While propranolol had a strong antiarrhythmic effect against
      epinephrine and ouabain arrhythmias, it did not increase sinus beats in ischemic
      arrhythmias. Marked anti-arrhythmic effects of aprindine in ischemic arrhythmias
      were observed in dogs using either single intravenous administration (4 mg/kg) or
      intravenous infusion (200 mug/kg/min, 2 mg/kg). Antiarrhythmic activity of
      aprindine is considered to be about twice as strong as that of lidocaine, but
      lidocaine is less toxic in experimental animals.

PMID- 1221138
TI  - Local anesthetic activity of 1-(morpholino or piperidino)-2-propanol derivatives.
AB  - The local anesthetic activities of 1-(morpholino or piperidino)-2-propanol
      derivatives were investigated. These activities were observed with nerve trunk
      anesthesia, rabbit's corneal anesthesia and intradermal injection anesthesia.
      Among these propanol derivatives, No. 24 and No. 25 which possess thioether-type
      sulfur were the most active and the effective potency was enhanced by increasing
      the dissociation constant (pKa) value in a series of the compounds. Effects on
      cat spinal reflex were also observed. These propanol derivatives revealed no
      selective depression of presynaptic depression or depression of the potential of
      monosynaptic reflex (MSR) and polysynaptic reflex (PSR). Procaine and lidocaine
      had similar actions. Effects on axonal membrane potential and interaction of the
      calcium on these derivatives were also investigated. These derivatives decreased
      the action potential without altering the resting membrane potential and when
      antagonized with calcium, sciatic nerve action potential was decreased. Procaine
      and idocaine also showed the same results.

PMID- 1221140
TI  - Bioassay of acetylcholine with a thin muscle strip of the japanese medical leech:
      a preliminary note on the reappraisal of the availability of this method.

PMID- 1221139
TI  - Positive and negative chronotropic response of the S-A node to oxyfedrine.
AB  - Direct perfusion of the sinus node artery under a constant pressure of 100 mmHg
      was carried out in vagotomized dogs. "Selective" injection of L-3-methoxy-omega
      (1-hydroxy-1-phenylisopropylamino) propiophenone hydrochloride (oxyfedrine) into
      the sinus node artery induced three types of chronotropic response; a pronounced
      sinus tachycardia, an initial bradycardia followed by sustained tachycarcia, or a
      definite sinus bradcardia alone. The paradoxical sinus bradycardia induced by
      oxyfedrine was more pronounced at higher doses of the compound, whereas it was
      nver produced by the injection of isoproterenol. The oxyfedrine-induced sinus
      tachycardia, which occurred  even in reserpinized preparations, was not
      suppressed by the treatment with tetrodotoxin, hexamethonium or bretylium, but it
      was selectively inhibited by propranolol. Atropine, tetrodotoxin or hexamethonium
      did not prevent the occurrence of sinus bradycardia induced by oxyfedrine, and
      physostigmine failed to enhance the response. The present study indicates that
      the oxyfedrine-induced tachycardia is mediated mainly by a direct stimulating
      action on adrenergic beta-receptors, while the bradycardia appears to be induced
      by a direct depressant action on the S-A node.

PMID- 1221141
TI  - Studies on the active principles of magnolia bark. Centrally acting muscle
      relaxant activity of magnolol and honokiol.

PMID- 1221142
TI  - A rapid and simple determination of histamine and polyamines.

PMID- 1221143
TI  - Changes in the self-stimulation behavior by intraventricular injection of
      epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol and dopamine.

PMID- 1221144
TI  - [Primary infection and recurrence of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221145
TI  - [Management of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221146
TI  - [Classification of acid-fast bacteria].

PMID- 1221147
TI  - [Mycobacteriophage].

PMID- 1221148
TI  - [Biochemistry of immunologic adjuvant effect of Mycobacterial cell wall].

PMID- 1221149
TI  - [Granulation of epithelioid cells and ceseation].

PMID- 1221150
TI  - [Lymphoid tissue in tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221151
TI  - [Host sensitivity in tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221152
TI  - [Lymphokines].

PMID- 1221153
TI  - [Structure of the lung].

PMID- 1221154
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the lung].

PMID- 1221155
TI  - [Pulmonary functions in tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221156
TI  - [Pathological and anatomical studies of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221158
TI  - [Bronchial tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221157
TI  - [Pathological and bacteriological studies of the excised lung].

PMID- 1221159
TI  - [Clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221160
TI  - [Radiographic classification of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221161
TI  - [Action mechanism of antitubercular drugs].

PMID- 1221162
TI  - [Chemotherapy of tuberculosis patients in hospitals and outpatient clinics].

PMID- 1221163
TI  - [Tuberculous empyema].

PMID- 1221164
TI  - [Surgical management of pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary functions].

PMID- 1221165
TI  - [Refractory pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221166
TI  - [Surgical management of refractory pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221167
TI  - [Tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 1221168
TI  - [Tuberculosis among the aged].

PMID- 1221169
TI  - [Rehabilitation of tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 1221170
TI  - [Psychology of tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 1221172
TI  - [Pulmonary tuberculosis and mycotic lung disease].

PMID- 1221173
TI  - [Pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer].

PMID- 1221171
TI  - [Pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumoconiosis].

PMID- 1221174
TI  - [Atypical Mycobacterium infections].

PMID- 1221175
TI  - [Pulmonary fibrosis].

PMID- 1221176
TI  - [Joint research on tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221177
TI  - [Six cases of hilar lymph nodes tuberculosis observed among adults (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1221179
TI  - [Survey on the status of tuberculosis in Japan in 1973 (2)].

PMID- 1221178
TI  - [Long-term clinical follow-up of cases with atypical mycobacterial infection
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221180
TI  - [Emergency relaparotomy].

PMID- 1221181
TI  - [Injuries of the abdominal organs simulating ruptured ectopic pregnancy].

PMID- 1221182
TI  - [Myxoma of the appendix].

PMID- 1221184
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of hemangioma of the ileal mesentery].

PMID- 1221183
TI  - [Unusual location of fistula of appendicular etiology].

PMID- 1221185
TI  - [Delayed results of subtotal resection of the small intestine].

PMID- 1221186
TI  - [Use of dura mater for plastic surgery of postoperative hernias].

PMID- 1221187
TI  - [Case of abdominal actinomycosis].

PMID- 1221188
TI  - [Actinomycosis of the appendix].

PMID- 1221189
TI  - [Local hypothermia of the stomach in profuse gastro-duodenal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1221190
TI  - [Hemodynamic and metabolic shifts depending on the volume of gastro-duodenal
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 1221191
TI  - [Acute appendicitis in atypical location of the appendix].

PMID- 1221192
TI  - [Adhesive intestinal obstruction after appendectomy].

PMID- 1221193
TI  - [Treatment of periappendicular abscesses].

PMID- 1221194
TI  - [Certain aspects of surgery of chronic peptic ulcer].

PMID- 1221195
TI  - [Diseases of the appendix either simulating acute appendicitis or associated with
      acute appendicitis].

PMID- 1221196
TI  - [Simultaneous conduction of several operations].

PMID- 1221197
TI  - [Local hypothermia of the stomach in the treatment of pancreatic fistulas].

PMID- 1221198
TI  - [Abdominal actinomycosis].

PMID- 1221199
TI  - [Determination of length of the small intestine in extensive resections].

PMID- 1221200
TI  - [Ulcer disease in children, adolescents and young adults].

PMID- 1221201
TI  - [Clinical use of low molecular weight dextrans].

PMID- 1221202
TI  - [Use of cyanoacrylate glue for hemostasis and sutureless connection of renal
      parenchyma].

PMID- 1221203
TI  - [Effectiveness of mannitol in the treatment of patients with severe
      intoxication].

PMID- 1221204
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia].

PMID- 1221205
TI  - [Repeated operations in complications of appendicitis in children].

PMID- 1221206
TI  - [Intra-abdominal hemorrhages after appendectomy].

PMID- 1221207
TI  - [Pyloric-antral muscular hypertrophy in adults].

PMID- 1221208
TI  - [Analgometric determination of the analgetic action of tempalgin in man].

PMID- 1221209
TI  - [Calcification of the mitral valve apparatus in mitral stenosis].

PMID- 1221210
TI  - [Hemolysis in thermal burns].

PMID- 1221211
TI  - [Inferior celosomia].

PMID- 1221212
TI  - [Use of mesoplication by the Childs-Phillips method in treating adhesive
      intestinal obstruction in childhood].

PMID- 1221213
TI  - [Acute steroid pancreatitis in childhood, report of a case].

PMID- 1221214
TI  - [Treatment of goiter based on data from the Surgical Department of Pleven
      Military Hospital].

PMID- 1221215
TI  - [Study of combined trauma based on data from the Surgical Department of Yambol
      District Hospital for 1966-1972].

PMID- 1221216
TI  - [Operative treatment of nephroptosis].

PMID- 1221217
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in combined peptic ulcer and disease of
      the extrahepatic biliary system].

PMID- 1221218
TI  - [Case of an acute form of dermatomyositis with visceral changes complicated by
      small intestine perforation].

PMID- 1221219
TI  - [Case of spontaneous pneumothorax and bronchopneumonia in the remaining lung
      after pneumonectomy].

PMID- 1221220
TI  - [Foreign body in the respiratory tract during surgery].

PMID- 1221221
TI  - [Primary chondrosarcomas of the ribs, with the contribution of 1 case].

PMID- 1221222
TI  - [Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (2 observations)].

PMID- 1221224
TI  - [Cooling-heating equipment--model I].

PMID- 1221223
TI  - [Use of deep hypothermia and artificial circulation in the surgical treatment of
      congenital heart defects in children in early childhood].

PMID- 1221225
TI  - The vaginal clasp. A method of comparing contractions across subjects.

PMID- 1221226
TI  - Embryonic development and organogenesis in the snail Marisa cornuarietis
      (Mesogastropoda: Ampullariidae). V. Development of the nervous system.
AB  - The nervous system is ectodermal in origin. All nerve ganglia arise separately by
      proliferation and later delamination from the ectoderm, not by invagination. They
      become secondarily connected to one another by commissures and connectives
      developing as extensions from the peripheral layer of ganglionic nerve cells.
      Rudiments of the cerebral, pedal, pleural and intestinal (parietal) ganglia arise
      almost simultaneously at a relatively early stage (Stage V). The cerebral ganglia
      develop from the ectoderm of the head plates. Rudiments of the pedal and pleural
      ganglia are separate at their inception. They later fuse (Stage VI) to form a
      pleuro-pedal ganglionic mass on each side. The 2 intestinal ganglia are
      symmetrical at the beginning, but they soon lose their symmetry as a result of
      torsion. The right ganglion crosses to the left over the gut and persists as the
      supraintestinal ganglion. The left or subintestinal ganglion shifts to the right
      and forward, and fuses with the right pleural ganglion (Stage VIII), thus
      obscuring the chiastoneury. The paired buccal and single visceral (abdominal)
      ganglia start differentiating in Stage VII. The former develop from the
      ectodermal wall of the stomodaeum, while the visceral ganglion delaminates from
      the right wall of the visceral sac, then shifts to the left during torsion. The
      statocysts develop early (Stage V) from 2 ectodermal invaginations on either side
      of the rudimentary foot. They later separate from the overlying ectoderm and
      statoconi appear in their lumina. Contrary to earlier reports on related
      ampullariids, the osphradium proved to be ontogenetically older than the mantle
      and mantle cavity. It starts differentiating as a thickened ectodermal plate in
      the right wall of the visceral sac (Stage V). During torsion, it becomes engulfed
      in the mantle cavity and shifts to the left side, then is carried forward as the
      mantlegrow. The eyes develop late (Stage IX) as ectodermal invaginations which
      rapidly separate from the ectoderm to form closed vesicles. Their cells start
      differentiating before hatching to form the retina, in which pigment is
      deposited, and the inner cornea. The lens is secreted in the lumen of the eye and
      grows by addition of concentric layers of secretion.

PMID- 1221227
TI  - [Incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in general surgical and
      urological patients an investigation by means of the 125I-Fibrinogen test in 95
      patients withoug prophylaxis (author's transl)].
AB  - We present the results of a control group of 95 patients who were thoroughly
      investigated in a prospective, randomized study, where the efficacy of small
      doses of s.c. heparin and dextran 40 is checked. The 125I-fibrogen test was used
      in all patients. 1. 35.8% of the patients develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
      during the first post-operative week. More than half of them show bilateral
      thrombosis. 2. There is no statistically significant difference in the thrombosis
      incidence between males and females. 3. 47% of the patients over 60 years develop
      postoperative DVT. Among those younger than 60 years, only 23% have DVT (P less
      than 0.025). 4. The DVT incidence in surgery of the colon is 58.3%. 5. Surgery
      for a malignant disease means probably increased risk for DVT (P less than
      0.025). 6. More than half of the patients having a previous history of varicose
      veins develop postoperative DVT (P less than 0.025). 7. Obese patients are
      statistically seen not more prone to develop DVT than those of normal body build.
      8. Immediately after operation 32.4% of DVT are diagnosed, 24 hrs. later 61.8%.
      94% of all DVT are diagnosed up to the third postoperative day. 9. With the
      exeption of one patient, all DVT develop in the calf veins, 3/4 of all abnormal
      values were measured in the midcalf region.

PMID- 1221228
TI  - [Technique and results of hepatic resection (author's transl)].
AB  - 12 major hepatic resections are described. There were two postoperative deaths. 4
      patients received more than two blood units intra- or immediately postoperatively
      (maximal blood loss 5000 and 4400 ml resp.). In 5 patients the operative
      procedure was performed in hemodilution, in these patients the maximal
      transfusion rate ranged to one blood unit. In nearly all patients a subphrenic
      collection of bile, blood and secretion was observed, but this was well treated
      conservatively. The various operative procedures, the possibility to avoid blood
      loss during hepatic resection and the concept of biliary drainage are discussed.

PMID- 1221229
TI  - [Postoperative mortality and its etiology (author's transl)].
AB  - Over a ten year period of time from 1.3. 1962 to 31.12. 1972 at the Dept. of
      Surgery, University of Heidelberg 104927 patients were admitted to the hospital,
      77950 operative procedures were carried out and 4217 patients died post
      operatively. The etiology of death as related to age distribution, disease and
      time of postop. death are discussed. The lethality causes are demonstrated by the
      classification of Petren. Autopsy examination reveals cardiac and/or circulatory
      failure to be the main cause of death (26,4%), followed by malignant tumors
      (12,7%), pneumonia (12,6%), cerebral causes (10,2%) and peritonitis (9,5%).
      Possible consequences of the distribution are being discussed.

PMID- 1221230
TI  - [Contribution to the problem of shock as trigger mechanism in secondary acute
      cholecystitis (SACH). Fibrinoid thrombi in possible precurser state (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Causal connection between shock and SACH has been suggested on the basis of
      clinical analysis. In a case of cardiogenic shock demonstrating criteria of
      initial SACH, successful identification of intravascular fibrinoid thrombi is
      presented as valid evidence for this pathogenetic presumption.

PMID- 1221231
TI  - [Surgical anatomy of the blood supply of the colon (author's transl)].
AB  - Studies in 12 cadavers about arterial supply of the appendices epiploicae. There
      are three kinds of appendices. All of them contain an arterial arch. This arch is
      derived either from the marginal artery or from the long vasa recta. The tying of
      appendices together with their vasa recta never interrupt the blood supply of the
      colon. There is always a sufficient collateral circulation. If however a marginal
      artery is tied the gut has to be transsected at the same level.

PMID- 1221232
TI  - The criminalistics mission: a comment.

PMID- 1221233
TI  - Prevention and resolution of medical disputes.

PMID- 1221234
TI  - The rights and responsibilities of a physician in a hospital environment.
AB  - Although each case must be decided on its merits, certain principles founded on
      case law set the pattern that may be expected to operate in resolving the problem
      that arises or in aiding a counselor in advising his client, be it physician or
      hospital. In all situations, the rights of the several parties and the
      relationships between them must be considered: physician's rights, patient's
      rights, the patient-physician relationship, the rights of the hospital and the
      power invested in its governing board, as well as the duties owed by the
      physician to his patient and to the hospital, and the duty of the hospital to
      serve the community in which it is situated. All of the foregoing material is a
      summary of the case law in the various situations that have arisen, as well as
      the author's expectation as to what might be anticipated in those situations not
      yet resolved by case law.

PMID- 1221235
TI  - Informed consent of the emotionally disturbed patient.

PMID- 1221236
TI  - Medication errors in hospitals.

PMID- 1221237
TI  - Legal implications of the use of radiologic contrast media.

PMID- 1221238
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia during general anesthesia: medicolegal considerations.
AB  - Malignant hyperthermia is a pathophysiologic process, the occurrence of which is
      nearly impossible to predict, the diagnosis difficult to discover rapidly, and
      the treatment unsuccessful in the majority of cases as is borne by the high
      mortality rate. It is in almost all instances, a fortuitous event, and liability
      will most probably not be imposed unless the plaintiff can establish by way of
      expert testimony that defendant-anesthesiologist departed from acceptable methods
      of care. Definite departures from the present standard of care could be: (1)
      administering a potent general anesthetic utilizing halogenated inhalation agents
      and depolarizing muscle relaxants to an individual who has undergone a previous
      malignant hyperthermia episode, and possibly to a member of his immediate family;
      (2) failing to have available appropriate resuscitative equipment; and of course,
      (3) lack of diligence and due care in attempting to treat a case of malignant
      hyperthermia. It seems, at this point, that serum CPK levels and constant
      temperature monitoring are additional safeguards, but are not part of the
      standard of care imposed upon the anesthesiologist.

PMID- 1221239
TI  - Malpractice aspects of medically prescribed exercise.
AB  - Stress exercise testing of suspected or known cardiacs and medical
      recommendations to patients to undertake physical fitness conditioning exercise
      programs constitute medical treatment in the eyes of the law and as such render
      the prescribing and supervising physicians legally responsible for harmful
      consequences to the patient to the same degree and under the same legal
      principles applicable for other medically prescribed diagnostic and therapeutic
      procedures. The physician who employs a stress exercise test or who recommends
      that a patient engage in exercise as part of a prophylactic, rehabilitative, or
      therapeutic program must be alert to those aspects of his recommendations which
      possess potential malpractice hazards. In particular, he should direct his
      attention to recognized indications and contraindications of exercise test and
      exercise programs. Furthermore, he should perform an adequate preexercise
      screening examination and he must make sure that the exercise is properly
      monitored; that it is immediately terminated upon onset of signs or symptoms of
      impending serious reactions; that adequate advance preparations have been made
      for the treatment of foreseeable emergencies, particularly those requiring
      cardiopulmonary resuscitation and advanced life support; and that such treatment
      is in full accord with generally accepted and proper medical standards. Finally,
      the physician must make certain that he adequately informs the patient of the
      potential risks and hazards associated with exercise stress testing and exercise
      programs so that the consent to such procedures can be classified legally as
      valid and "informed".

PMID- 1221240
TI  - The plastic surgeon and legal matters.

PMID- 1221241
TI  - Judicial review of medical treatment.

PMID- 1221242
TI  - The Model Postmortem Examinations Act in the State of Connecticut, 1969-1974.
AB  - Five years following the 1969 passage of legislation patterned after the Model
      Postmortem Examinations Act, Connecticut has a central laboratory with
      administrative, autopsy, and toxicology facilities; 24-hour statewide reporting
      deaths; a records and data-processing system; and affiliation with a university
      health center. The state's population density, number and size of municipalities
      and police departments, absence of county government, and judicial appointment of
      coroner's were unique geographic-political features confronting implementation of
      the legislation. To effect a transition from the preexisting system, and because
      of the number of deaths reported and physicians involved, a dual system was
      developed for examinations and certification of deaths which differentiated
      autopsies performed at the central laboratory from those at community hospitals.
      Dissemination of procedures and forms for medicolegal autopsies conducted at
      community hospitals is planned in the near future. Although educational programs
      for graduates and law enforcement personnel have been initiated, there still
      exists a need for more active undergraduate and postgraduate training and a
      program of research and statistical reporting. Implementation of the statutes
      during a five-year period in which supplemental legislation and regulations were
      passed, changes that occurred in state administration, and budgetary restrictions
      mandated by economic recession has, however, resulted in the nucleus of a modern
      state medicolegal investigative system--a separately budgeted medical examiner's
      office, supervised by an independent administrative commission and located on the
      grounds of the University of Connecticut Health Center in Farmington.

PMID- 1221243
TI  - Prosecution of drivers impaired by ehtanol or other chemicals.

PMID- 1221244
TI  - Naturally occurring insect growth regulators. II. Screening of insect and plant
      extracts as insect juvenile hormone mimics.
AB  - Ethereal extracts prepared from the larvae, pupae, or eggs of 10 species of
      insects and from various parts of 343 species of higher plants were screened for
      juvenilizing effects against Tenebrio molitor and Oncopeltus fasciatus. Activity
      in both species was shown by an extract of the larvae of the stable fly, Stomoxys
      calcitrans, whereas an extract of the pupae was active in O. fasiatus only.
      Extracts of two plant species (Echinacea angustifolia roots and Chamaecyparis
      lawsoniana seeds) showed high juvenilizing activity in T. MOLITOR, AND EXtracts
      of five plant species (Clethra alnifolia stems, leaves, and fruits, Sassafras
      albidum roots and root bark, Eucalyptus camaldulensis stems and bark, Pinus
      rigida twigs and leaves, and Iris douglasiana roots, stems, and fruits) were
      highly active in O. fasciatus an extract of Tsuga canadensis leaves showed lower
      activity in this insect. Extracts of 16 species of plants showed high
      insecticidal activity (mortality) in O. fasciatus but lacked juvenilizing
      properties in both species of test insects.

PMID- 1221245
TI  - Naturally occurring insect growth regulators. III. Echinolone, a highly active
      juvenile hormone mimic from Echinacea angustifolia roots.
AB  - A compound, C14H24O2, which induces strong juvenilizing effects in the yellow
      mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L., following topical application to the pupal stage,
      was isolated in pure form from the roots of Echinacea angustifolia DC and
      tentatively identified as dextrorotatory (E)-10-hydroxy-4,10-dimethyl-4,11
      dodecadien-2-one. The compound has been named echinolone.

PMID- 1221246
TI  - The phenylquinolizidines of the seedlings of Heimia salicifolia.
AB  - Two isomeric 2-hydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)quinolizidines (3 and 9a),
      differing in the configuration of the bridgehead carbon, have been isolated from
      5 to 10-day-old seedlings of Heimia salicifolia. The phenylquinolizidol with the
      cis ring juncture is shown to exist, in solution, as an equilibrium of
      conformers. 2-Keto-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)quinolizidine (5) has been
      isolated from the seedlings by radioactive dilution.

PMID- 1221247
TI  - Alkaloid screening. VIII.
AB  - One thousand plant extracts were screened for the presence of alkaloids. The
      number of positive tests was 185 (18.5%). There are 107 new alkaloid-containing
      species.

PMID- 1221248
TI  - Aporphine-type alkaloids from Piper auritum.

PMID- 1221249
TI  - [Human knowledge as an instrument of biological adaptation].

PMID- 1221250
TI  - [Epistemological analysis of clinical reasoning].

PMID- 1221251
TI  - [The setting in historiography of an inductivist myth: the "sacredness" of
      facts].

PMID- 1221252
TI  - [The problem of method in clinical medicine].

PMID- 1221253
TI  - [The problem of innate knowledge according to the latest ethological
      acquisitions].

PMID- 1221254
TI  - Editorial: Child health in the Third World.

PMID- 1221255
TI  - Editorial: Death in today's society.

PMID- 1221257
TI  - Editor;al: Smallpox - the final count down.

PMID- 1221256
TI  - Editorial: Pole crashes.

PMID- 1221258
TI  - The performance of seat belts in severe crashes.
AB  - This paper reports an intensive follow-up study of persons injured while wearing
      seat belts in crashes. Examinations of both vehicles and persons were carried out
      after the crash, and 30 out of 54 (55.5%) persons were judged to have been
      wearing seat belts at impact. Eight received injuries from the seat belt, only
      four of these injuries being severe, and none was fatal. A roadside survey showed
      that half of the occupants wearing seat belts had them adjusted incorrectly. This
      compared with nearly 90% of the crash cases having incorrectly adjusted belts.
      There is therefore an association between incorrectly worn seat belts and injury.
      The seat belt buckle seems to be a possible cause of injury in this situation,
      especially when worn in from of the hip, and with a loose belt. Comparison of
      police reports of belt wearing for the study cases suggests an underestimate of
      about 10% in the wearing rate if police data are used.

PMID- 1221259
TI  - Teaching medical students how to care for the dying.
AB  - An experimental course for medical students is described in which the main focus
      in on the development of a continuing relationship between a medical student and
      a terminally ill patient. The goals of the course, its format, its evaluation by
      both patient and student participants, the problems encountered and the
      implications for instruction on death and dying are discussed.

PMID- 1221260
TI  - Death by drowning? Geelong 1959 to 1974.
AB  - This paper reviews the circumstances of 142 deaths by drowning which occurred in
      Geelong and district during the years 1959 to 1974. The effectiveness of safety
      nets and protective fences as a means of preventing the accidental submersion of
      young children in home swimming pools is questioned. Consumption of alcohol
      before submersion played a major role in the death of many adult males. Of males
      aged 26 years and over, 79% imbibed alcohol before death, and 57% had a blood
      alcohol concentration greater than 0.1% at autopsy. Of males aged 17 to 25 years
      of age, 25% imbibed alcohol before death and only half of these had a blood
      alcohol concentration greater than 0.1% at autopsy. The age preponderance for
      consumption of alcohol and drowning is opposite to that for fatal motor vehicular
      accidents (in these males aged 17 to 25 years more frequently have significant
      blood alcohol concentrations at autopsy than males aged 26 years and over). No
      female consumed alcohol before submersion. The writer suggests that the public,
      and in particular males aged 26 years and over, should be warned as forcibly
      against the dangers of "swimming and drinking" and "boating and drinking" as they
      are against the dangers of "driving and drinking".

PMID- 1221261
TI  - Central anticholinergic syndrome reversed by tetrahydroaminacrine (tha).
AB  - A case of central anticholinergic syndrome after an overdose of orphenadrine
      citrate (Norflex), treated with tetrahydroaminacrine (THA, Tacrine) is presented.
      A possible mechanism for the syndrome is discussed in relation to other psychotic
      states, and the use of anticholinesterase agents in the treatment of toxic
      psychoses reviewed.

PMID- 1221262
TI  - The presentation and management of bereavement.

PMID- 1221263
TI  - The nurse in a cancer ward.
AB  - The value of discussion groups in clarifying the problems facing nurses who
      manage patients suffering from cancer is stressed. Nurses' responses to a
      questionnaire centered around the nursing of patients are examined. Some
      suggestions are made regarding the training of staff members who work in cancer
      wards.

PMID- 1221264
TI  - Letter: Human snake bite victims.

PMID- 1221265
TI  - Letter: Management of facial pain.

PMID- 1221266
TI  - Letter: Radical surgery in cancer.

PMID- 1221267
TI  - Letter: Lithium levels and "Soda Bic".

PMID- 1221268
TI  - Letter: Phenytoin - reevaluation necessary.

PMID- 1221269
TI  - Letter: Prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal surgery.

PMID- 1221270
TI  - Letter: Audiology.

PMID- 1221272
TI  - Australian Medical Association. Redemption declined.

PMID- 1221271
TI  - Letter: Effects of advertising on cigarette and alcoholic beverage consumption.

PMID- 1221273
TI  - Editorial: Aetiology of mental retardation.

PMID- 1221274
TI  - Editorial: Serum ferritin: a new means of estimating body iron stores.

PMID- 1221275
TI  - Cystinuria and its relationship to mental retardation.
AB  - Urine specimens from 2,073 mentally retarded children have been analysed for
      their amino acid content, with the aim of determing the relationship of
      cystinuria and mental retardation. No children homozygous for cystinuria were
      identified, but 50 heterozygous children were found. This heterozygote incidence
      is 13 times that expected in our general population.

PMID- 1221276
TI  - Serum insulin levels in diabetics after subcutaneous administration of Rapitard
      insulin.
AB  - Circulating levels of immunoreactive inculin were measured in six diabetics after
      the subcutaneous injection of Rapitard insulin. Serum insulin levels rose within
      15 minutes, with a peak level generally at one to three hours. A biphasic effect
      was observed in some but not all patients. There was poor correlation among the
      six patients between the blood glucose levels and serum insulin levels, and
      between the injected dose and the serum levels.

PMID- 1221277
TI  - Breast cancer in Queenland fifteen years after treatment.
AB  - The incidence of carcinoma of the breast in this Australian series is as high as
      in most countries of the world, and remains high with increasing age. The
      mortality rate from cancer is highest in the first three years after treatment of
      the primary disease, but, even after 10 years, deaths from cancer are nearly as
      frequent as those from intercurrent disease. At least 25% of patients had
      advanced disease at initial presentation. A 25% 15-year survival rate is reported
      in a series of mixed stage at the time of initial treatment, which was by simple
      mastectomy and radiotherapy in 75% of cases. Large tumours without evidence of
      axillary metastasis T3N0M0) often had a surprisingly good prognosis. The site of
      first reappearance of the tumour was local in 30-6% of cases, systemic in 38-4%
      of cases, and in the opposite breast in 7-6% of cases. It was not possible to
      classify the remaining 23-4% either because of incomplete information or, more
      usually, because of synchronous development of local and systemic recurrence. Of
      patients who developed local recurrence in this group, 83% showed generalized
      metastatic disease within 10 years of the appearance of the recurrent disease.

PMID- 1221279
TI  - Emotional factors in family planning.
AB  - the need to have a baby; the need to have a particular baby; the need to have a
      baby at a particular time; "bad" feelings about conception control; those at
      greatest risk of unwanted pregnancy through emotional factors. A schema for
      assessing relevant emotional factors, while at the same time raising the
      individual's own consciousness about motivation, is given. The doctor's role in
      the management of such emotional factors and his own relevant emotional responses
      are considered.

PMID- 1221278
TI  - Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension controlled with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor
      and 9-alpha-fluorohydrocortisone.
AB  - A case of orthostatic hypotension with autonomic failure is presented, and the
      patient's clinical response to the combined regime of a monoamine oxidase
      inhibitor and 9-alpha-fluorohydrocortisone is discussed. This therapy provided a
      relatively convenient means of alleviating the patient's symptoms and appears to
      be of considerable value in the management of orthostatic hypotension. However,
      close patient supervision is essential when these drugs are used as they cause
      hypertension in the supine position in subjects with poor baroreceptor function.

PMID- 1221280
TI  - General practitioner prescribing habits; The Western Australian experience, 1972
      1973.
AB  - A research project to assess the possibility of modifying general practitioner
      prescribing habits in Western Australia is described. The results suggest a high
      level of acceptance of the drug information provided, and a significant
      alteration in prescribing habits is reported along the lines which might have
      been predicted.

PMID- 1221281
TI  - "T.D.S.".

PMID- 1221282
TI  - Man at the top.

PMID- 1221283
TI  - Letter: Diet and coronary heart disease perspectives.

PMID- 1221284
TI  - Letter: Limitations of the logoscope.

PMID- 1221285
TI  - Letter: Infective complications of the iud.

PMID- 1221286
TI  - [Health and sanitary documentation of work contracts].

PMID- 1221287
TI  - [Establishment of a model of an individual health and risk record in an
      artificial abrasive grinding-stone factory].

PMID- 1221288
TI  - [Working conditions and health conditions of a homogenous group of street
      sweepers: analysis and preventive indications].

PMID- 1221289
TI  - [Hygienic and sanitary documentation in the State Railroad Service].

PMID- 1221290
TI  - [Proposed questionnaire and health record for surveys in the factories of
      Trieste].

PMID- 1221291
TI  - [A practical experience in industrial prevention medicine in the relationship
      between workers and a local firm].

PMID- 1221292
TI  - [Practical criteria concerning compulsory reporting of occupational diseases].

PMID- 1221294
TI  - [Contents of the Pirelli Industries agreement concerning the work environment].

PMID- 1221293
TI  - [Experiences with the application of the Pirelli Industries agreement on the work
      environment].

PMID- 1221295
TI  - [Factories and health: role of the workers].

PMID- 1221296
TI  - [The health check-up in industrial medicine].

PMID- 1221297
TI  - [2 cases of Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome in 2 sisters. Genetic, clinical and
      radiological considerations].

PMID- 1221298
TI  - [Sirenomelia syndrome].

PMID- 1221299
TI  - [49, XXXXX chromosome equipment in a girl with psychophysical underdevelopment].

PMID- 1221300
TI  - [Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome with renal malformations].

PMID- 1221301
TI  - [Neonatal encephalopathy due to maternal carbon monoxide poisoning. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 1221302
TI  - [Letter: Metoclopramide poisoning].

PMID- 1221303
TI  - Repair in Schizosaccharomyces pombe as measured by recovery from caffeine
      enhancement of radiation-induced lethality.
AB  - Inhibition of DNA repair by caffeine is manifested in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
      wild-type cells as an enhancement of UV- or gamma-irradiation-induced lethality.
      The progress of DNA repair processes involving one or more caffeine-sensitive
      steps may be conveniently followed by measuring the concomitant decrease of this
      lethal enhancement effect. By measuring, during post-irradiation incubation, the
      ability of cells to overcome susceptibility to repair inhibition by caffeine, we
      have determined the time course and requirements for repair in S. pombe. Recovery
      began immediately and took 150-200 min after gamma-irradiation and more than 500
      min after UV-irradiation, for exposures which gave about 10% survival in the
      absence of caffeine. An incubation medium capable of supporting growth was
      required for caffeine-sensitive repair; no recovery occurred under liquid holding
      conditions. Survival curves after various recovery times indicated that a
      logarithmic phase cell population was homogeneous with respect to caffeine
      sensitive repair of both UV- and gamma-ray-induced damage. Recovery from caffeine
      inhibition was compared for cells of different physiological states (logarithmic
      and stationary phase); although the importance of the physiological state was not
      the same for the two types of radiation, recovery was found to occur more rapidly
      in the more radiation-resistant state, in each case.

PMID- 1221305
TI  - Role of the tof gene in the production and perpetuation of the lambdadv plasmid.
AB  - A series of lambda derivatives carrying tof mutations were tested for their
      ability to give rise to plasmid lambda dv. Phages carrying tof mutations that
      distorted expression of the pRoR-tof-OP operon, were unable to produce lambda dv.
      Phages carrying an altered tof gene, having only a moderate effect on the same
      operon, produced unstable lambdadv's. On the other hand, those tof mutants were
      only the expression of the pLoL-N-exo operon, but not that of the pRoR-tof-OP
      operon was affected, produced stable lambdadv's.

PMID- 1221306
TI  - [Indications and technics of trans-obturator by pass].
AB  - Starting from a clinical case in which a trans-obturator by-pass was necessary,
      the most recent findings as regards the technique of this and its indications are
      reviewed. The procedure is to be considered a valid alternative in cases of
      ischaemic revascularization when the usual Scarpa triangle route cannot be used.

PMID- 1221304
TI  - DNA polymerase of Ustilago maydis: partial characterization of the enzyme and a
      pol 1 mutation.
AB  - The major DNA polymerase activity of wild-type U. maydis has been extensively
      purified. It possesses a molecular weight of about 150,000 daltons and appears to
      require a DNA primer with a 3'-hydroxyl terminus as well as a template. The
      polymerase activity has also been purified from the pol 1-1 strain, which is
      temperature sensitive fro growth and DNA synthesis, and which at the restrictive
      temperature contains only 10-25% levels of the DNA polymerase activity obtained
      from wild-type strains. It was similar in all properties studied, except that the
      activity was thermolabile at 40 degrees C compared to that from the wild-type
      strain. Physiological studies on the mutant showed that it was only slightly
      sensitive to UV, ionising radiation and nitrosoguanidine at the permissive
      temperature, and was proficient in genetic recombination. The results suggest
      that the pol 1-1 gene product does not play an important role in repair and
      recombination processes within the cell, and that its primary function lies in
      replication.

PMID- 1221307
TI  - [Potassium canreonate in neurosurgical brain edema].
AB  - The effect on the hydroelectrolytic metabolism and on the evolution of cerebral
      oedema of a new injectable aldosterone-antagonist, canreonate-potassium
      (Soldactone) was studied in two groups of subjects. The first group consisted of
      14 patients who had undergone neurosurgical operations for expansive endocranial
      processes. The second group consisted of 18 non-operated cases of post-traumatic
      coma. The water-salt balance and the neurologic picture were carefully controlled
      during anf after 6-8 days of treatment with 600 mg/day of canrenoate-potassium by
      intravenous route. Comparison was also made between the conventional treatment
      with hyperventilation and that combined with canrenoate-K. The results obtained
      demonstrate that the aldosterone-antagonist induces a clinically significant
      retention of sodium. This is accompanied by a more favourable evolution of the
      cerebral oedema. Canrenoate-potassium was very well tolerated both locally and
      generally.

PMID- 1221308
TI  - [Pharmacological treatment of pre-operative arrhythmias in surgical heart
      patients].
AB  - The theoretical dangers associated with surgery and narcosis in subjects with
      arrhythmia are briefly explained. The preventive effectiveness of potassium
      aspartate management is described with reference to personal experience.

PMID- 1221309
TI  - [New method for preparation of the totally hepatectomized dog. Critical review of
      the literature and surgical technics].
AB  - A critical review of the relevant literature is followed by the presentation of a
      new method for total hepatectomy in the dog. This is carried out in a single
      stage. Its main advantage is there is no temporary interruption of the portal or
      portocaval flow. A synthetic prosthesis is anastomosed end-to-end with the
      subhepatic vena cava and end-to-side with the supradiaphragmatic cava. Next, the
      portal vein is anastomosed side-to-side with the prosthesis and ligated upstream.
      Hepatectomy is then performed.

PMID- 1221310
TI  - [Morphology and distribution of vasa recta in the jejunal-ileal tract of the
      small intestine].
AB  - The behaviour and distribution of "vasa recta" in the jejunum-ileal tract of the
      small intestine are described.

PMID- 1221311
TI  - [Treatment of penile neoplasms by means of loco-regional intra-arterial therapy].
AB  - Treatment of cancer of the penis with locoregional intra-arterial therapy.

PMID- 1221312
TI  - [Voluminous ovarian cyst in a newborn girl].
AB  - The clinical observation of an ovarian cyst occurring as an abdominal
      tumefraction at birth, is described.

PMID- 1221313
TI  - [Mediastinal abscess secondary to laceration of the esophagus due to foreign body
      in a girl (recovery)].
AB  - A case of mediastinal abscess caused by laceration of the oesophagus on removal
      of a coin swallowed by a young girl is reported. Complete, sequela-free cure was
      obtained by drainage of the pleural cavity and application of an indwelling
      nasogastric sound.

PMID- 1221315
TI  - [Analgesia and anesthesia during deliver and labor].

PMID- 1221314
TI  - [Surgery in heart defects. Interview granted to Minerva Medica by Prof. A. Actis
      Dato].

PMID- 1221316
TI  - [Diseases of civilization in the 3d World].

PMID- 1221317
TI  - [On the subject of occurrence and prevention of rheumatic disease in childhood].

PMID- 1221318
TI  - [Importance of clinical and radiological evaluation in the choice of correct
      surgical treatment in incontinence due to urinary stress].

PMID- 1221319
TI  - [Opacification of the pelvic masses of gynecologic importance in the course of
      potentiated infusion urography].

PMID- 1221320
TI  - [Requests for termination of pregnancy: psychogenesis and assistance].

PMID- 1221321
TI  - [Case of cervical pregnancy in the 3d month].

PMID- 1221322
TI  - [Clinico-surgical considerations on circlage of the uterine cervix in pregnancy].

PMID- 1221323
TI  - [Clinico-experimental studies on the use of orciprenaline in labor].

PMID- 1221324
TI  - [Current news in the treatment with mammary gland extracts].

PMID- 1221325
TI  - [Assistance to the newborn infant in delivery rooms].

PMID- 1221326
TI  - Combination chemotherapy in breast cancer: a randomized study of 4 versus 5
      drugs.
AB  - A randomized clinical trial, involving approximately 100 patients, that compared
      two combination therapy regimens (5 FU, methotrexate, vincristine,
      cyclophosphamide with and without prednisone) in advanced breast cancer showed a
      significantly higher rate of response for the 5-drug therapy group (62.5 versus
      44.2%). However, no significant difference in survival has been observed to date.
      Some differences in toxicity were observed, e.g. a significantly greater number
      of cases with mild diarrhea for the 5-drug regimen, and a few more cases of
      sensory loss (not significant) and significantly more severe leukopenia (p value
      0.06) for the 4-drug regimen.

PMID- 1221327
TI  - Ameloblastoma of the mandible with pulmonary metastasis.
AB  - A patient with ameloblastoma of the mandible with histologically confirmed
      pulmonary metastases 9 years after onset of tumor is described. The effectiveness
      of three chemotherapeutic agents (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, Adriamycin),
      each given alone intravenously, were evaluated. Marked symptomatic improvement
      was noted with Adriamycin therapy. Ten previous cases of metastatic ameloblastoma
      are reviewed. The incidence of metastases cannot be predicted on the basis of
      histology. Three commonly discussed modes of metastasis are via hematogenous and
      lymphatic routes and the unusual mechanism of aspiration of tumor cells.

PMID- 1221328
TI  - Batson's theory of vertebral venous metastasis: a review.
AB  - In 1940, Batson (6) ushered in a new era with the theory that metastasis occurs
      through the vertebral veins. It was based on the premises that metastatic tumors
      may show typical peculiar distributions, that such patterns have not been
      adequately explained by orthodox theories, and that cadaver and animal injection
      experiments reveal the existence of a network of vertebral veins whose vast
      interconnections explain the puzzling patterns seen in metastases. Undoubtedly,
      Batson's theory has been widely acclaimed. However, several criticisms are on
      record. The prevailing controversy needs to be resolved. The prospects are that
      this can be achieved by further research in this important field.

PMID- 1221329
TI  - Gross and microscopic observations of ovarian abnormalities from five Burchell's
      zebra, Equus Burchelli antiquorum, Smith 1841.
AB  - Five pair of zebra ovaries were submitted to the Onderstepoort Veterinary
      Research Institute for examination because of unusual uni- and/or bilateral gross
      appearances. Microscopic findings revealed an accessory spleen encapsulated by
      the ovarian peritoneum, a case of tubo-ovarian cysts, one example of ovarian
      aplasia, an example of germinal inclusion cysts and an abnormal follicular
      haemorrhage related to pressure necrosis of a nearby corpus luteum. Similarities
      to the ovary of the domestic mare were also seen and some are briefly described.

PMID- 1221330
TI  - Observations on naturally acquired hepatozoonosis of wild carnivores and dogs in
      the Republic of South Africa.
AB  - Hepatozoonosis was studied in hyaenas, lions, jackals, cheetahs and one leopard
      in the Kruger National Park and compared with the condition seen in dogs in the
      Republic of South Africa. Hepatozoon schizonts were found in the wild carnivores.
      The genesis of microschizonts was followed and is illustrated. The schizonts were
      sometimes very plentiful in the lung, myocardium and skeletal muscle, and were
      also encountered in the spleen, liver and lymph nodes. Gametocytes were present
      in leucocytes. The host response was usually very mild. sporogenous development
      in ticks was observed in Rhipicephalus simus females removed from an infected
      hyaena and R. sanguinelus adults fed on an infected jackal in the nymphal stage.
      Attempts to transmit Hepatozoon from a jackal to dogs by means of ticks gave
      inconclusive results.

PMID- 1221331
TI  - Blindness and encephalopathy caused by Helichrysum argyrosphaerum DC.
      (Compositae) in sheep and cattle.
AB  - An outbreak of amaurosis and paresis was observed amongst sheep, and occasionally
      cattle, which had been grazing on pastures consisting mainly of Helichrysum
      argyrosphaerum DC. A similar syndrome was produced by feeding the suspect plant
      to sheep, thereby providing proof if its toxicity. Although none of the sheep
      became blind and only one developed paralysis, typical sponly lesions were
      detected in the brains and optic fasciculi of all the experimental animals. The
      lesion had specific predilection sites, such as the white matter around the
      lateral ventricles, the optic tracts plus chiasm, the pyramidal tracts and the
      brachium pontis. Enlargement of the optic fasciculi furthermore gave rise to
      malacia, papilloedema and retinal changes. Some aged sheep developed cataracts
      approximately 2-3 months after the initial outbreaks of amaurosis had occurred.
      Circumstantial and histopathological evidence suggests that the cataracts may be
      due to chronic Helichrysum poisoning, but this could not confirmed in the present
      investigation.

PMID- 1221332
TI  - Treatment of bronchopneumopathies with venously perfused aminosidine.

PMID- 1221333
TI  - Patent ductus arteriosus with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance.

PMID- 1221334
TI  - Notes on 56 cases of pretibial atrophic-pigmentary dermoangiopathy in diabetes.

PMID- 1221335
TI  - [Diplaxine popovae gen. et sp. n., a new representative of the family Axinidae
      Unnithan, 1957 (Monogenoidea)].
AB  - A new species belonging to a new genus of Monogenoidea was found on the gills of
      Euleptorhamphus viridis from the Indian Ocean. The opisthohaptor of the new genus
      consists of two medially overlapping rows of clamps situated on a double fold
      along the oblique posterior margin of the body. Clamp are of Microcotyle type,
      their springs having accessory pieces. Three pairs of larval hooks are present.
      The genital atrium is armed with three groups of spines. The first group
      comprises spines surrounding the female aperture; the second one surrounds the
      cirrus in an incomplete circle; the third group consists of two lateral groups of
      spines arising from two muscular pad-like structures. Vagina armed with a
      chitionous spine opens on the right-hand side which is longer than the left-hand
      one. Behind the U-shaped ovarium vitellaria merge in an undifferentiated mass and
      completely cover the branches of the intestine and the testes. The new genus is
      close to the genera Chlamydaxine Unnithan, 1957 and Axine Abildgaard, 1794
      differing from the former by an armed genital atrium and from the latter by two
      medially overlapping rows of clamps.

PMID- 1221336
TI  - [Comparative study of different strains of the dwarf tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana
      in the process of adapting to the body of a new host, the white mouse].
AB  - Different strains of H. nana from man, Norway and white rats were studied in
      regards to their adaptability. Strains obtained from spontaneously infected white
      mice and those passaged for several years on white mice served as control. In the
      course of successive passages the infectivity of these strains, developmental
      rates of tissue larvae, localization of cystocercoids in the small intestine and
      mesenteric lymph glands were compared. The strains were found to possess
      different adaptability to white mice. The strain from white rats had the highest
      rate of adaptation, the strains from Norway rats and man showed lower adaptation
      rates, respectively.

PMID- 1221337
TI  - [Distribution and some problems in the ecology of the tick, Ixodes trianguliceps
      Bir. in the southern Urals].
AB  - Data on the distribution and ecology of Ixodes trianguliceps in the South Urals
      are presented. This species occurs in various landscapes of the forest zone of
      the South Urals between 52 degrees 11' and 52 degrees 22' N. lat. It infects 9
      species of small mammals of which species of the genus Clethrionomys were found
      to be the major hosts of I. trianguliceps in this area.

PMID- 1221338
TI  - [Ecology of the tick, Dermacentor silvarum O1].
AB  - Results of the experiments have shown that the development of Dermacentor
      silvarum from egg to imago varied from 44 to 46 days at 28 C and redundant
      humidity and from 50 to 52 days at 25 degrees C. The thermic threshold of larval
      development lies within a range of 8.6 degrees C, that of nymphs-9.7 degrees C. A
      sum of effective temperatures required for larval development averaged 123.5
      degrees C, for nymphs-225 degrees C and for the whole ontogenesis-from 570 to 690
      degrees C. In the north of the distribution area of D. silvarum this species
      seems to occur only in those localities, where a sum of effective temperatures is
      higher than 10 C and makes not less than 570 degrees C.

PMID- 1221339
TI  - [Life expectancy of Ctenophthalmus wladimiri Is.-Gurv., 1948 (Siphonaptera,
      Ctenophthalmidae) under laboratory conditions].
AB  - Laboratory studies have shown that at 75% humidity fleas, Ct. wladimiri, are less
      viable than at 100% humidity. At 100% humidity at a temperature from 0 to 10
      degrees and without feeding newly born imagos survived up to 363 days, at a
      higher temperature from 18 to 30 degrees-from 44 to 163 days. At a temperature
      from 7 to 10 degrees imagos, which fed one time, lived up to 355 days and at 0 to
      2 degrees-up to 287 days. Maximum life duration (1133 days) for periodically
      feeding fleas was at 100% humidity at a temperature from 7 to 10 degrees. Under
      such conditions 50% of fleas survived up to 114 days. Hungry but previously
      "prepared" for winter fleas lived at a temperature from 0 to 2 degrees not more
      than 376 days.

PMID- 1221340
TI  - [Morphology and biology of 2 ecotypes of Chaetogaster lymnaei, Baer, 1827].
AB  - Chaetogaster lymnaei (Oligochaeta, Naididae) has two life forms one of which is a
      commensal of pulmonae mollusks and the other--an endoparasite of Radix ovata
      Kidney. On the basis of statistical analysis of the second body segment chaetae
      morphological differences of the two races are considered. Their geographical
      distribution and biological peculiarities are discussed. The races of Gh. lymnaei
      represent two divergating sympatrical ecotypes rather than biological species as
      it was thought before.

PMID- 1221341
TI  - [Photoperiodic induction of the diapause in the egg phase of the blood-sucking
      midge, Culicoides pulicaris punctatus Mg. (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)].
AB  - Photoperiodic induction of diapause in C. p. punctatus was studied at a constant
      (25 degrees) and varying temperature (16 to 18 degrees). Photosensitivity of
      females and eggs was established. The first and second generations of C. p.
      punctatus have a photoperiodic reaction of a long-day type. The effect of the
      light day and temperature on females of different generations is dissimilar. The
      tendency of diapause is higher in autumn females.

PMID- 1221342
TI  - [New subspecies of Prosimulium macropyga korshunovi Patrusheva subsp. n.
      (Diptera, Simuliidae) from the Polar Urals].
AB  - A new subspecies, Prosimulium macropyga korshunovi Patr. subsp. n., from the
      Polar Urals differs from other forms of P. macropyga (Lundstr.) and allied
      species in having two dark longitudinal stripes on the dorsum and by the
      structure of genitalia in adult insects, by the number of setae in the great
      flabellum, by the structure of submentum and shape of the ventral incision in
      larvae and by the branching pattern of respiratory threads in pupa.

PMID- 1221343
TI  - [Effect of the prolonged contact of a flea population with plague bacteria on the
      infective activity of vetors].
AB  - Results of the experimental infection of fleas (X. cheopis) with the plague agent
      after their long (2.5 years, 19 generations) feeding on infected white mice
      showed no difference in the infection activity of these insects as compared to
      control ones. The authors question the hypothesis according to which a low
      frequency of protein-formation in some species of fleas is due to their long
      contact with the plague agent in the historical past.

PMID- 1221345
TI  - [Ticks on lemmings in the eastern Taimyr].
AB  - 13 taxons of mites associated with lemmings and their nests are reported from
      East Taimyr. Mass. species are as follows: Parsitus (Eugamasus) sp., L. lemmi,
      Hg. ambulans, H. isabellinus. Irregular spread of mites in the lemmings'nests
      favours the creation of conditions sutiable for the circulation of agents of
      transmissible infections. A more regular distribution of these mites on the
      animals points to the mixing of the mites population that effects the
      dissemination of agents. The finding of females with effs (Hg. ambulans, H.
      isabellinus) on the animals and their simultaneous absence in the nests of the
      latter show that in the northern parts of the distribution areas of these species
      their life patterns have an epizootic character.

PMID- 1221344
TI  - [Data on the distribution of Ixodes pavlovskyi Pom. in the Altai (Acarina,
      Ixodidae)].
AB  - In the Mountain-Altai Autonomous district Ixodes pavlovskyi is mostly often
      encountered in forests of the lower parts of the low mountains. In the other
      parts of the low mountains and in the neighbouring belt of the middle mountains
      the species is rare. Only single individuals of this tick penetrate into the
      central regions of the Altai along the valleys of large rivers.

PMID- 1221346
TI  - [Duration and character of the course of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the midday
      gerbil (Meriones meridianus Pall.)].
AB  - The development of the infection process during cutaneous leishmaniosis was
      traced in one midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus Pall). The gerbil fell ill with
      cutaneous leishmaniosis after the feeding of san flies of Phlebotomus papatasi
      and Ph. mongolensis on it. The incubation process of the disease was less than 23
      days. Leishmaniosic process began at the base of the concha auriculae and caused
      the destruction of ear tissues. The complete recover set in 67 days after the
      infection. Thus, the insignificant duration of the disease does not allow
      leishmaniae to be preserved in midday gerbils from one season to another.

PMID- 1221347
TI  - [New species of cestodes, Aploparaksis parabirulai sp. n. (Hymenolepididae) from
      sandpipers in Chukot].
AB  - Description and drawings of a new species Aploparaksis parabirulai sp. n. from
      the intestine of Macrorhamphus griseus, caught in west Chukotka, are given. The
      main pecularities of the species are such the hooks of the probosis are 0.031-
      0.034 mm long; cirrus 0.13--0.14 mm long is armed with big triangle spines;
      vittelaria are situated aporal. Differentiation from related species--A. birulai
      Linstow, 1905, A. crassipenis Deblock et Rausch, 1968 and A. crassirostris
      (Krabbe, 1869) is given.

PMID- 1221348
TI  - [New species of ectoparasitic nematode of the genus Trichodorus from the
      coniferous forests of the Far East].
AB  - The diagnosis and figure are given of the new species of nematodes, Trichodorus
      yokooi sp. n., isolated from the risosphere of Abies nephrolepis and Picea
      ajanensis in the Maritime Territory. The new species is close to three japanese
      species described by Yokoo (1964, 1966) but differs from them in the spear size,
      the location of ventromedial papilles, excretory pore and suplementary organs,
      and in the structure of vagina and ovaries.

PMID- 1221349
TI  - Analysis of various Iowa waters for selected pesticides: atrazine, DDE, and
      dieldrin-1974.
AB  - Atrazine, DDE, and dieldrin were extracted and concentrated from various surface,
      subsurface, and finished waters using the macroreticular resin method. Organic
      components in the concentrates from these waters were separated by gas
      chromatography; the amounts of the three pesticides in the waters ranged from 0.5
      to 42,000 parts per trillion by weight. Every major watershed in the State of
      Iowa revealed some degree of pesticide contamination and seasonal variations were
      consistent with agricultural runoff models. Atrazine concentrations were highest
      of the three pesticides, a symptom of its widespread use in the corn belt. DDE
      also appeared in substantial quantities, providing further evidence of the
      persistence of DDT and its metabolites. Water from several shallow wells and
      finished water from many water treatment plants were also contaminated. Current
      treatment processes do not effectively remove these pesticides.

PMID- 1221350
TI  - Mirex residues in nontarget organisms after application of experimental baits for
      fire ant control, southwest Georgia--1971-72.
AB  - Mirex, the only compound approved for control of the red imported fire ant
      (Solenopsis invicta) and the black imported fire ant (Solenopsis richteri), is
      normally applied at a rate of 1.40 kg/ha. (1.25 lb/acre). Influenced by recent
      studies showing that low levels of mirex are toxic to certain nontarget
      organisms, particularly estuarine species, authors report here on a monitoring
      study of mirex in three large treatment areas of southwest Georgia. Four
      formulations of bait were applied aerially in 1971-72. Low-level residues were
      observed in small terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates and in fresh-water
      inhabitants. Levels detected were about the same for all baits. Maximum residues
      were detected 1-3 months after treatment and gradually declined to low levels of
      0.02-1.16 ppm 1 year after treatment.

PMID- 1221351
TI  - Mirex residues in wildlife and soils, Hawaiian pineapple-growing areas--1972-74.
AB  - A monitoring program was conducted in the pineapple-growing areas of Hawaii from
      1972 to 1974 to survey mirex residues in sediments, soils, and aquatic and
      terrestrial wildlife. Residues in pineapple field soils ranged from 3 to 18 ppb 9
      months after mirex had been applied. No residues were found in the sediments.
      Only 8 fish of 110 aquatic animals sampled contained mirex; these levels were low
      and ranged from 3 to 7 ppb. Mirex residues in birds ranged from undetectable to
      10 ppm; residues in rodents were quite variable, but in terms of the geometric
      mean, the amounts in the Polynesian rat decreased with time from 1,270 to 56 ppb.
      Similarly, values for the roof rat ranged from 666 to 17 ppb. The geometric mean
      for residues in mongooses decreased from 2,200 ppb immediately after application
      to 238 ppb 39 weeks later. Aerial application of mirex to the pineapple fields
      did not contaminate the marine environment of Hawaii and no evidence of mirex
      residue buildup in the aquatic food chain was apparent. Mirex accumulation in
      terrestrial biota was temporary; there was no definitive indication of permanent
      accumulation in the wildlife of the areas studied.

PMID- 1221352
TI  - [Encephalopathy in acute hepatic atrophy. Effect of the purification of middle
      molecules. Preliminary results].
AB  - The authors have achieved 5 complete recoveries from coma and two partial
      recoveries in 9 non-decerebrate patients in coma due to acute hepatic atrophy by
      using polyacrylonitrile membrane haemodialysis. Survival was not possible until
      sufficient hepatic regeneration had developed. On the other hand, repeated
      returns to consciousness were observed with prolonged survival lasting up to 40
      days despite almost complete destruction of the liver. The different hypothesis
      relating to the mechanism of the encephalopathy and the usefulness of such a
      procedure are discussed: filtration of ammonia, free fatty-acids, role of amino
      acids and possible polypeptides.

PMID- 1221353
TI  - [Letter: Cerebrovascular accidents following oral contraceptives. 8 cases].

PMID- 1221354
TI  - [Letter: Malignant colonic amebiasis. Surgical cure of an atypical case].

PMID- 1221355
TI  - [Letter: Possible responsibility of a peripheral vasodilator agent, fenoxedil, in
      the occurrence of heart rhythm disorders].

PMID- 1221356
TI  - [Letter: Pregnancy during oral contraception in patients receiving barbiturates].

PMID- 1221357
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of perforated ulcers with peritoneal dialysis combined with
      aspiration].

PMID- 1221358
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of a postoperative phytobezoar by cellulase].

PMID- 1221359
TI  - [Letter: Positive direct Coombs' reaction with anticomplement only].

PMID- 1221360
TI  - [Letter: Hemolytic complement following myocardial infarct. Variations the first
      15 days].

PMID- 1221362
TI  - [Letter: False pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 1221361
TI  - [Letter: The relation between hypercalcemia and thyroid nodules].

PMID- 1221364
TI  - [Test of provoked arterial hypertension. Value and limitations of the static
      exercise of prolonged handgrip].
AB  - The used of a test of prolonged grip and recording the changes in arterial blood
      pressure and heart rate is suggested as a way of studing the blood-pressure
      changes of effort in hypertensives. This test provides a real screen for
      provoqued hypertension: it allows --to define a normal profile of reference for
      blood-pressure, --to check the fluctuations at rest of blood-pressure, --to
      determine the severity of haemodynamic dissorders, --to judge the efficiency of
      hypotensive therapy.

PMID- 1221363
TI  - [Editorial: Mechanisms of osteolysis and hypercalcemia of cancer].

PMID- 1221365
TI  - [Correlation between scleroderma and Sjogren's syndrome. Value of systematic
      biopsy of the labial salivary glands].
AB  - Thirty one patients with generalised scleroderma underwent labial biopsy. Sixteen
      showed a nodular infiltration of the accessory salivary glands indicative of
      Sjogren's syndrome. In 21, intralobular fibrosis was present. More common in
      those forms with extensive cutaneous involvement, collagenous fibrosis would
      appear to be a direct manifestation of scleroderma. The frequency of these
      abnormalities poses the problem of immunological competence with respect to
      lymphocytic labial infiltrates in generalised scleroderma.

PMID- 1221366
TI  - [Ovarian tumors in the course of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome].

PMID- 1221367
TI  - [Intracranial pressure. Experimental and clinical methods of study. Physiological
      and pathological variations].

PMID- 1221368
TI  - [Semi-quantitative assessment of cell content in bone marrow biopsies].

PMID- 1221369
TI  - [Letter: Anuria due to allo-immunization in the Kidd system].

PMID- 1221370
TI  - [Letter: Dorso-lumbar epidural hematoma due to anticoagulant treatment].

PMID- 1221371
TI  - [Letter: Measurement of hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in patients suffering from
      angina pectoris].

PMID- 1221372
TI  - [Letter: Scintigraphy of the choroid plexus].

PMID- 1221373
TI  - [Programmed examination of the knee].

PMID- 1221374
TI  - Pulmonary lesions in the course of rheumatoid arthritis in children.
AB  - Pulmonary morphological lesions are described in 16 children who died of
      rheumatoid arthritis. In all of them the disease had a stormy course. Generalized
      amyloidosis was the most frequent cause of death. The majority of cases showed
      clinical and morphological lung lesions. The lung lesions were only rarely the
      chief cause of death. There were no formations of the type of rheumatoid nodule
      nor diffuse lung fibrosis. There was only peribronchial and perivascular fibrosis
      as well as thickening of interalveolar septa. The most frequent abnormalities,
      namely lung congestion and edema could result from extrapulmonary causes or
      agony. Although the observed lung lesions are nonspecific, they can reflect the
      generalization of the disease.

PMID- 1221376
TI  - Pathophysiology of lipid transport disorders.

PMID- 1221375
TI  - Cultivation of WISH cells in medium containing actinomycin D.
AB  - A dose of 0.0015 mug of Actinomycin D per 1 ml, applied for 4-5 days has some
      inhibitory effect on RNA and protein synthesis, leading to a diminished
      proliferation of WISH cells. This dose does not exert a destructive effect on
      cell morphology. Two to four times higher doses, applied for the same time were
      toxic. Morphological changes observed at various times of exposure of cells to
      different concentrations of drug as well as changes in cell proliferation are
      described. The attempts to select Actinomycin D-resistant cells have failed.

PMID- 1221377
TI  - The genetic contribution to coronary heart disease through lipoprotein
      concentrations.

PMID- 1221378
TI  - Serum lipoprotein abnormalities in ischaemic heart disease.

PMID- 1221379
TI  - Signs of coronary atherosclerosis in apparently healthy men with different types
      of hyperlipoproteinaemia.
AB  - Subjectively healthy males exhibiting markedly elevated fasting serum cholesterol
      and triglyceride concentrations at a health control examination were analysed.
      The prevalence of different types of hyperlipoproteinaemia and of ST segment
      depression during exercise indicating myocardial ischaemia was determined (4.1-
      4.3 Minnesota code). Encountered types and numbers of subjects with
      hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) were as follows: type IV-94, IIA-31, IIB-14, III-11.
      The frequency of ST segment depression within each HLP type was as follows: type
      IIB-65%, IIA--40%,III-35%,IV-30% and in controls with non-elevated serum lipids
      10%.

PMID- 1221380
TI  - Physiological rationale for differential drug therapy.

PMID- 1221381
TI  - The prevalence of hyperlipoproteinaemia in vascular disease.

PMID- 1221382
TI  - Neonatal screening for hyperlipidaemia.

PMID- 1221383
TI  - The lipid clinic--a positive step in prevention.

PMID- 1221384
TI  - [The influence of effective treatment of diabetes mellitus and obesity on the
      plasma concentration of immunoreactive insulin].
AB  - A study was made of 16 patients with the initial mild form of diabetes mellitus
      in whom the immunoreactive insulin (IRI) indices in glucose loading pointed to a
      good reactivity of the beta-cells of the insular apparatus of the pancreas. As a
      result of the dietetic treatment or therapy with saccharolytic oral preparations
      diabetes proved to become compensated but the IRI indices were unchanged.  In
      patients with adiposity there was seen an increase in the concentration of blood
      IRI and a reduction of the reaction of beta-cells to the administration of
      glucose. A course of treatment by dosaged starvation (a loss of weight by an
      average of 11.5 kg) caused no improvement in the IRI indices was less pronounced,
      and the treatment by diet with limited caloric value led to improvement of the
      IRI indices.

PMID- 1221385
TI  - [The effect of insulin on the functional state of the cardiovascular system in
      patients with diabetes mellitus].
AB  - The influence of the hypoglycemic effect of the therapeutic doses of insulin on
      the functional condition of the cardiovascular system was studied under clinical
      conditions in 74 patients with various forms of diabetes mellitus;
      mechanocardiography was used for this purpose. Myocardial hyperfunction, an
      increase in the tone of the large arteries, disturbance of correlation between
      the cardiac output and the peripheral resistance accompanied diabetes mellitus. A
      moderate reduction of glycemia after insulin administration (not over 50 mg%)
      promoted an improvement of the cardiovascular system function, facilitated the
      cardiac and the extracardiac conditions of the myocardial function. A marked fall
      of the blood level, particularly by over 100 mg%, produced an unfavourable effect
      on the cardiovascular system, and aggravated the hemodynamic shifts. The optimal
      admissible variations in glycemia during the treatment of a diabetic patients
      with insulin of short action is +/-50 mg%. A gradual reduction or normalization
      of the blood sugar level in diabetes mellitus served as one of the important
      factors of prophylaxis and progress of cardiovascular disturbances in diabetes
      mellitus.

PMID- 1221386
TI  - [The incidence of diabetes mellitus in Ulan-Ude].
AB  - The authors present the results of studying the diabetes mellitus morbidity and
      its incidence in Ulan-Ude. A total of 23,572 persons and 15 years and over were
      subjected to the glucose tolerance test. There were revealed 5.7 cases of
      diabetes mellitus per 1000 persons examined. Diabetes mellitus morbidity and its
      incidence increased with the advance of age. There were more diabetes mellitus
      cases among the female than among the male population. Excessive weight served as
      one of the factors of mediated influence of sex, age and social position on the
      incidence of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1221387
TI  - [The state of circulation in the central artery of the retina and uveal tract in
      diabetes mellitus].
AB  - In 68 diabetic patients a study was made of the state of the circulation in the
      central artery of the retina and the uveal tract. There was a parallel
      aggravation of the retinal circulation and of the blood supply in the uveal
      tract. These disturbances were not infrequently determined before the appearance
      of ophthalmological changes and were aggravated with increase in the duration and
      severity of the disease. A wide use of ophthalmodynamometry and
      rheoophthalmography for the determination of early signs of ophthalmopathy in the
      patients with diabetes mellitus is recommended.

PMID- 1221388
TI  - [Somatotropic hormone before and after treatment of microangiopathies in diabetes
      mellitus patients].
AB  - Patients (41) suffering from diabetes mellitus complicated by microangiopathies
      aged from 16 to 72 years were examined; diabetes of moderate severity was
      diagnosed in 20 patients (the I group), and severe-in 21 (the II group). Basic
      STH level after L-DOPA oral loading was studied in 60 and 90 minutes in all of
      these patients, and ti proved to be elevated in both groups.  Following L-DOPA
      loading the peak of increase in the first group was found on the 60th minute, and
      in the II group-on the 90th minute. Basic STH secretion diminished in 16 patients
      after anginin treatment; this could apparently be attributed to improvement in
      the function of the hypothalamohypophysial system.

PMID- 1221390
TI  - [The concentration of 17-OHKS and glucose in the blood during the insulin test in
      patients with hypothalamo-hypophyseal diseases].
AB  - A study was made of the hypothalamo-hypophysio-adrenal gland interrelations
      during the insulin test in patients with Itsenko-Cushing disease, dyspituitrism
      of the puberto-juvenile period and diencephalic syndrome. The majority of the
      patients with Itsenko-Cushing disease displayed a reduction of insulin
      sensitivity, this being expressed in a delayed fall of the glucose level during
      the insulin test and the absence of any increase in the blood 17-OCS. An
      increased reaction of the hypothalamo-hypophysio-adrenal system to insulin
      hypoglycemia was observed in the patients with dyspituitrim of the puberto
      juvenile period. A normal reaction to the insulin test was seen in all the
      patients with the diencephalic syndrome. The data obtained could be used in
      differential diagnosis between these diseases and Itsenko-Cushing disease.

PMID- 1221391
TI  - [Cancer of the thyroid gland and its treatment].
AB  - The authors analyzed data concerning 322 patients suffering from carcinoma of the
      thyroid gland subjected to complex therapy. Both immediate and remote results
      were traced. A conclusion was drawn that objective assessment of the clinical
      manifestation of the disease and comparison with the results of the auxiliary
      methods of studies permitted to diagnose carcinoma of the thyroid gland in the
      great majority of the patients. The macroscopic picture of the removed tissue and
      express biopsy aided the diagnosis. Treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid gland
      should be complex. The leading role is played by thyroidectomy or resection of
      the gland. Depending on the patient's age, the extent of spread of the tumour and
      its morphological structure it is of expedience to combine surgical treatment
      with isotopic therapy, hormone- and chemotherapy.

PMID- 1221389
TI  - [The concentrations of 11-OHKS in the blood and 17-OHKS and 17-KS in the urine of
      children born of mothers with diabetes mellitus].
AB  - A total of 61 couples (mother and her neonate) were examined for the purpose of
      ascertaining the influence of diabetes mellitus in the mother on the
      glucocorticosteroid level in her blood and the blood and the urine of her newborn
      boby; a relationship between the child's condition and the hormone level in its
      blood and urine was ascertained. There was revealed an increased content of 11
      OCS in the maternal and neonatal blood, and also a greater 17-OCS and 17-KS
      excretion in children in a prolonged course of diabetes (3 to 15 years), in its
      decompensation, complication of diabetes by microangiopathy, and also when the
      baby was born asphyxiated and in the presence of signs of diabetic fetopathy.

PMID- 1221392
TI  - [Dopamine receptors of the diencephalon associated with the endocrine function of
      the hypophyseal-testicular system].
AB  - One hour after local administration of 1 gamma of dopamine into the medial
      portion of the subthalamus or into the central grey matter of the caudal portion
      of the thalamus of male Wister rats testosterone level (determined
      fluorimetrically) more than doubled in the peripheral blood plasma. A similar
      effect was produced by apomorphine (2 gamma), stimulant of dopamine receptors,
      administered into the same areas of the diencepalon. No increase in testosterone
      content followed local administration of dopamine into the arcuate nuclei of the
      hypothalamus. A conclusion was drawn that dopamine receptors of the diencephalon
      associated with the endocrine function of the male gonad were located in the
      medial portion of the subthalamus and in the area of the central grey matter of
      the posterior portion of the thalamus. At the same time, dopamine neurons of the
      arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus apparently took no part in the regulation of
      the endocrine function of the hypophysio-testicular system.

PMID- 1221393
TI  - [Changes in monoamine fluorescence in the hypothalamus of rats under the
      influence of hydrocortisone].
AB  - The histochemical fluorescent method was applied to the study of the effect of
      hormones of the adrenal cortex on the catecholamine content in the rat
      hypothalamus. Administration of hydrocortisone proved to decrease the amount of
      monoamines in the adrenergic fibers located in the periventricular area and the
      lateral portion of the midhypothalamus, this being expressed in a reduced
      intensity of their fluorescence in these formations. The mentioned changes were
      apparently associated with a specific effect of the hormone and could be related
      to the regulation of the corticosteroid level by the "reverse connection"
      mechanism.

PMID- 1221394
TI  - [The state of the nuclear apparatus of the thyroid gland under conditions of
      hypofunction of the sympathetic division of the nervous system].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of the sympathetic portion of the nervous system
      on the thyrocyte metabolism. Such morphological criteria as the volume of the
      thyrocyte nuclei, the amount of DNA in them and structural analysis were used.
      Three volumetric classes of the nuclei with a different morphological picture
      were detected in control animals. In depression of the sympathetic portion of the
      nervous system by administration of antibodies to the growth factor of the nerves
      there was seen a reduction of the mean nuclear volume and displacement of the
      volumetric classes in the direction of increase in the quantity of smaller
      nuclei; electron microscopic studies demonstrated changes in the shape and
      structure of the nuclei. There were no variations in the amount of DNA.

PMID- 1221395
TI  - [The relationship between changes in the concentration of catecholamines in the
      hypothalamus and the level of thyroid hormones in the body].
AB  - Fluorimetric method was applied to determination of the dopamine, noradrenaline
      and adrenaline content in the tissues of the brain of male rats. Catecholamine
      distribution in the hypothalamus was uneven. Hyprthyroid state decreased the
      concentration of dopamine in the anterior and the middle hypothalamus, and also
      in the preoptic area; removal of the throid gland produced no significant changes
      in the dopamine, noradrenaline or adrenaline concentration.

PMID- 1221396
TI  - [The sugar decreasing effect of several insulin polymer derivatives following
      enteric administration to aniamls].
AB  - An experimental study of the hypoglycemic action of polymeric derivatives of
      insulin was carried out by its enteral administration through a gastric tube into
      the stomach and into the oral cavity on 105 intract rabbits. A marked
      hypoglycemic effect significantly differing from the action of crystalline
      insulin was produced by enteral administration of insulin modified with
      polymeres. Changes in the character of binding of the protein with the polymere,
      of the molecular weight of the polymere and of its chemical nature proved to
      influence the value and the duration of action of insulin modified by polymeres.

PMID- 1221397
TI  - [Residual changes in the lungs of persons cured of tuberculosis by different
      methods].

PMID- 1221399
TI  - [Importance of three-dimensional precordial vectocardiography in diagnosis of
      chronic cor pulmonale in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221398
TI  - [State of hemodynamics and cardiodynamics in persons clinically cured of
      pulmonary tuberculosis according to data of direct methods of examination].

PMID- 1221401
TI  - [Effectiveness of surgical treatment of tuberculous pleural empyema in old
      persons].

PMID- 1221400
TI  - [Effectiveness of hospital treatment of chronic destructive pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221402
TI  - [Hyperdiagnosis of pleurisy of tuberculous etiology in middle-aged and old
      patients].

PMID- 1221403
TI  - [Importance of rheographic examination of the lungs in the evaluation of work
      capacity after pneumonectomy for tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221404
TI  - [Metabolism of microelements in patients operated on for pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221405
TI  - [Use of copper and cobalt in chemotherapy of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221407
TI  - [State of oxidation-reduction processes in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221408
TI  - [Disorders of sound perception in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221406
TI  - [Bone marrow content of certain microelements in silicosis and
      silicotuberculosis].

PMID- 1221409
TI  - [Comparative study of biological activity of the Soviet-made BCG vaccine in
      different periods of its preservation].

PMID- 1221410
TI  - [Effectiveness of treatment depending on its duration and compliance with the
      regimen].

PMID- 1221411
TI  - [Tuberculous lesion of the breast].

PMID- 1221412
TI  - [Case of successful resuscitation after tracheobronchoscopy under anesthesia].

PMID- 1221413
TI  - [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes
      and its complications].

PMID- 1221414
TI  - [Results of treatment of newly detected destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221415
TI  - [Principal results of the scientific study of the tuberculosis problem of in
      1974].

PMID- 1221417
TI  - [Drainage of caverns in patients with diffuse bilateral destructive pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221416
TI  - [Skin sensitivity to tuberculin in middle-aged and elderly persons].

PMID- 1221418
TI  - [Peculiarities of the formation and course of caverns with the presence of
      calcinates in their walls].

PMID- 1221419
TI  - [Clinical picture and diagnosis of residual changes following acute pneumonia].

PMID- 1221420
TI  - [Electroradiography in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221421
TI  - [Electroradiographic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculomas].

PMID- 1221422
TI  - [Peculiarities of the current clinical picture and course of tuberculosis of the
      intrathoracic lymph nodes in children].

PMID- 1221423
TI  - [Mechanism of the side effects of rifadin and ethambutol].

PMID- 1221424
TI  - [Radiodiagnosis of lung cancer in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221425
TI  - [Current possibilities in the differential diagnosis of spherical formations in
      the lungs].

PMID- 1221426
TI  - [Morpho-histochemical study of the processes of healing of tuberculosis during
      treatment with streptomycin and hyaluronidase].

PMID- 1221427
TI  - [Principals of a program for training phthisiologists].

PMID- 1221428
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of the pathological process in the liver in
      patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1221429
TI  - [Morphological changes outside the zone of specific infection in renal
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221430
TI  - [Pathochemical mechanisms of the development of side reactions to antibacterial
      preparations in patients with tuberculosis].

PMID- 1221431
TI  - Anomalous results of studies on drug interaction in man. III. Disulfiram and
      antipyrine.
AB  - Disulfiram inhibited antipyrine metabolism reproducibly in three experiments
      utilizing three different groups of normal human volunteers. In these experiments
      disulfiram in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg body weight was given orally twice daily for 4
      consecutive days and in two subsequent experiments for 10 consecutive days. In
      each experiment the mean antipyrine half-life was prolonged and the mean
      metabolic clearance rate of antipyrine was shortened by disulfiram. Large
      interindividual variations occurred; one volunteer with a very short initial
      plasma antipyrine half-life shortened, rather than prolonged, his antipyrine half
      life after 10 days of disulfiram. In the first 10-day study the apparent volume
      of distribution of antipyrine was significantly increased in each volunteer after
      disulfiram administration, whereas in the second 10-day study, disulfiram failed
      to alter this value. Another anomalous result concerned attempts to determine
      whether a correlation existed between the initial antipyrine half-life and the
      percent change in this value produced by disulfiram administration. A significant
      correlation occurred in the initial 10-day study (4 = 0.71, p less than 0.05),
      whereas neither in the second 10-day study (r = 0.20, p greater than 0.05) nor in
      the 4-day study (r = 0.57, p greater than 0.05) was a significant correlation
      observed. Each of the three studies revealed no significant correlation between
      the initial metabolic clearance rate of antipyrine and the percent change in this
      value produced by disulfiram administration.

PMID- 1221432
TI  - Effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinol in man.
AB  - The interaction of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) and cannabinol (CBN)
      was studied in man. Five male volunteers were given placebo, 50 mg CBN, 25 mg
      delta9-THC, 12.5 mg delta9-THC + 25 mg CBN, and 25 mg delta9-THC + 50 mg CBN
      (orally). Administrations were spaced 1 week apart. With physiological measures,
      delta9-THC produced an increase in heart rate while CBN did not. When combined,
      no change of the delta9-THC effect occurred. No changes occurred on the
      electrocardiogram, blood pressure, or body temperature. With psychophysical
      measures no changes occurred in pain thresholds or skin sensitivity as a function
      of drug treatment. In time estimates of the passage of 1 minute, delta9-THC alone
      produced underestimates of the passage of 1 minute and CBN alone had no effect.
      In combination the two drugs had a tendency to produce significant overestimates
      and underestimates of the passage of 1 minute. On a 66-item adjective-pair drug
      reaction scale, the volunteers reported feeling drugged, drunk, dizzy, and drowsy
      under the delta9-THC condition, but not under the CBN condition. With combined
      drug treatment, volunteers reported feeling more drugged, drunk, dizzy, and
      drowsy than under the delta9-THC condition alone. None of the drug treatments
      produced significant changes on other items which included items on perception,
      emotion, cognition and sociability. It appears that CBN increases the effect of
      delta9-THC on some aspects of physiological and psychological processes, but that
      these effects are small and cannot account for the greater potency which has been
      reported when plant material is used.

PMID- 1221433
TI  - Preparation and evaluation of a sustained naloxone delivery system in rats.
AB  - The use of a non-biodegradable polymer system to provide a sustained release of
      the narcotic antagonist naloxone in rats is described. The kinetics of morphine
      analgesia (measured by the hot-plate test) in the presence of the naloxone
      implant, and the urinary excretion of radiolabeled naloxone were measured. The
      shift of the morphine dose-response curve to the right is expressed in terms of
      dose ratios, which were calculated from the ED50 values for morphine obtained 9
      days before, and 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29 days after implantation of the polymer. Our
      experiments indicate that effective levels of antagonist were maintained for 3-4
      weeks after implantation of a polymer system containing 16 mg of naloxone. After
      29 days, more than 95% of the absorbed drug had been released, with 16% of the
      implanted radioactivity appearing in the urine. These results demonstrate the
      feasibility of using a sustained release form of a narcotic antagonist to block
      the effects of morphine.

PMID- 1221434
TI  - Relationship between the behavioral and electroencephalographic effects of
      chlorpromazine and fluphenazine in rats.
AB  - The effects of chlorpromazine and fluphenazine on behavior and
      electroencephalogram (EEG) have been studied in rats in order to find out whether
      quantitative surface EEG can be reliably used to assess the degree of hypnotic
      sedative activity of neuroleptic agents. It was found that fluphenazine is about
      10 times more potent than chlorpromazine in depressing locomotor activity and
      variable-interval behavior of rats, while the two drugs were equally potent as
      regards their synchronizing action on the EEG. This is in accordance with the
      clinical observation that fluphenazine has less hypnotic side-effects than
      chlorpromazine and confirms that surface EEG can be a predictive test for
      hypnotic activity.

PMID- 1221435
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of practolol in the rabbit with experimental glomerulonephritis.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of practolol were studied after intravenous injection (5
      mg/kg) in conscious normal rabbits and rabbits with experimental
      glomerulonephritis induced by daily intravenous injection of bovine gamma
      globulin. The results obtained demonstrated that the practolol elimination was
      impaired in animals with experimental glomerulonephritis: significant lengthening
      of the half-life of the beta-phase, with marked decrease of the body clearance
      and diminution of the drug concentration decrease in plasma. Neither conjugates
      nor deacetylpractolol could be detected in the urine of the controls or immunized
      rabbits.

PMID- 1221436
TI  - Studies on the nature of the vasodilator fibers running in the lumbar sympathetic
      chain of the dog.
AB  - These experiments were performed to further elucidate the nature of the
      vasodilator fibers running in the sympathetic chain in the dog. The
      electrostimulation of the lumbar sympathetic trunk caused vasoconstriction in the
      perfused hind limb which inverted to vasodilatation after guanethidine was
      administered. This vasodilator response is mediated by cholinergic fibers since
      it was completely abolished by atropine. The observation, furthermore, that
      hexamethonium completely nullified both vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses
      to the electrostimulation of the sympathetic chain indicates that both
      vasoconstrictor and vasodilator fibers, which are activated during the
      stimulation of the sympathetic chain, are preganglionic in nature.

PMID- 1221437
TI  - Effect of metoclopramide on myoelectrical and mechanical activity of the isolated
      canine stomach perfused extracorporeally.
AB  - Totally isolated whole canine stomachs perfused, ex vivo, with homologous blood
      of living supporting dogs were used for recording of myoelectrical mechanical
      activities. Drugs were administered directly into the arterial system of the
      isolated stomachs either as flash injections or as constant infusions. Flash
      injection of metoclopramide (Maxeran) led to the response activity (spiking) and
      associated mechanical response. Electrical control activity was also affected by
      Maxeran: the changes consisted of premature control activity and uncoupling.
      Similar reactions were observed after flash injections of methacholine,
      pentagastrin or electrical stimulation of the Latarjet nerve. These reactions
      were dose-dependent. Tetrodotoxin, atropine, hexamethonium and glucagon, when
      given as a constant infusion, did inhibit the action of Maxeran on myoelectrical
      and mechanical activities of the isolated stomach. Inhibition of the responses to
      Maxeran by atropine and tetrodotoxin implicates acetylcholine in the mediation of
      these responses. The ability of hexamethonium to diminish the response to Maxeran
      suggests that a locus of action may be at both pre- and post-ganglionic sites of
      the intramural plexus. Exact receptors of this action are not demonstrated by
      this study.

PMID- 1221438
TI  - [Calcinoses of the leg].
AB  - Calcinosis, wherever it appears, is no more than overloading of the conjunctive
      tissue with calcium. Arterial calcinoses are perhaps the type most frequently
      recognized : obliterating arteriopathy of middle aged and elderly subjects,
      arteritis in diabetics, Monkeberg's arteriosclerosis. Venous calcinoses are
      either phleboliths, more rarely subcutaneous deposits, or atherocalcinosis of the
      inferior vena cava, or Cramer and Schilling's lesion. Subcutaneous calcinoses
      that appear to be nonvascular may give rise to some diagnostic problems. These
      concern the pathogenesis : calcium transfer by LERICHE and POLICARD, metaplasia
      of the conjunctive tissues and the elastic fibres, transformation of
      lipoproteins, hydraulic disturbances, Selye's calciphylaxia.

PMID- 1221439
TI  - [Subcutaneous calcinosis of the leg].
AB  - In patients with varicose veins and post-phlebitic patients calcifications are
      discovered in the legs that are sometimes very extensive. These latent, stable,
      and silent calcinoses become apparent when there is ulceration or hypodermatitis.
      They are subcutaneous and supra-aponeurotic but clear of the muscles, tendons,
      and joints. The signs are evident mainly radiologically. They are the result of a
      local process of which the etiology is not well understood. These calcinoses may
      be classified among the dystrophic calcinoses. The precipitating factor seems to
      be a change in the conjunctive tissue resulting from inflammatory outbreaks of
      trophic hypodermatitis. The treatment is basically preventive, sometimes with
      local surgery ; no type of general therapy improves the lesions. Comparison with
      rheumatism brings to light certain common features : tissue attack as a starting
      point for calcification, stability of the lesions. Such a comparison
      distinguishes these calcinoses from the Thibierge Weissenbach syndrome and from
      chondrocalcinoses.

PMID- 1221440
TI  - [Subcutaneous calcifications. A case of Thibierge-Weissenbach syndrome].
AB  - When faced with subcutaneous calcifications the possibility of the Thibierge
      Weissenbach syndrome, either in its initial stages or already evolutive, may be
      forgotten. In one typical case that was followed for 20 years, the calcifications
      had taken second place to the scleroderma and circulatory disorders that had
      rapidly dominated the picture : Raynaud's phenomenon, arteritis of the
      extremities with extremely acute pain that was lessened only by sympathetic
      infiltrations or intra-arterial injections.

PMID- 1221441
TI  - [Varicose calcification of the internal saphenous vein].

PMID- 1221442
TI  - [Surgical approach to a leg ulcer in areas of subcutaneous calcinosis].
AB  - The medical treatment of ulceration of the legs in areas with a subcutaneous
      plaque of calcinosis is often unsuccessful. The phlebologists then refer the
      patient to a surgeon. A patient aged 58 years, with a previous history of
      phlebitis, presented on two successive occasions with ulceration in the area of a
      large calcification in the lower third of the left leg. Cicatrization was
      obtained by a surgical treatment. Such surgery must be preceded by local and
      complete vascular assessment and by appropriate pre-operative care. It consists
      mainly of ablation of bone sequestration in order to obtain a suitable surface on
      which to apply thin skin graft in strips. It is often necessary to carry out an
      internal saphenous crossectomy as well to treat an  associated venous
      insufficiency.

PMID- 1221443
TI  - [Phlebitis and phlebothrombosis in medical practice].
AB  - The general practitioner frequently encounters illnesses involving the risk of
      venous accidents or embolisms. He must keep this possibility in mind and seek the
      signs in cases as different as hiatal hernia, alimentary cancer, the use of
      estroprogestative drugs, and severe respiratory insufficiency. He must also bear
      its mind in relation to conditions leading to abdominal surgery and in connexion
      with pathological pelvic conditions in women. A general practitioner would advise
      preventive treatments and would treat pathological venous conditions that had
      been confirmed by a phlebologist. In the home, the virtues of treatment with
      antivitamins K, which is simple to apply, and heparin, which requires
      professional surveillance, are open to discussion. One personal case is cited
      that illustrates the great risks that resulted from delay in operating for
      fibromas which eventually led to repeated pulmonary embolisms because of pelvic
      compression. These developments made the operation very different and dangerous
      but nevertheless it was successful.

PMID- 1221444
TI  - [Thromboembolic disease and synthetic estroprogestagens. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1221446
TI  - [Albatran: 3 years' experience with peripheral arteriopathies].

PMID- 1221445
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of results of corrective surgery of the blood flow in
      post-phlebitis syndromes of the leg].
AB  - Surgical correction of the venous circulation is indicated in about 60 percent of
      post-phlebitic patients. The immediate and long-term results depend on the
      duration of the disorder, the site of thrombosis, the extent and nature of the
      secondary lesions, and on the choice of the method of surgery. Among the
      different operations proposed, the authors draw particular attention to four,
      those of Linton, Askar, Cockett, and Palma. It is possible to combine these
      operations taking into account any special indications. However, the techniques
      can be improved. The authors present a personal variant to correct the
      circulation in the leg by ostial ligature (resection of the indirect, muscular,
      communicating veins) that differs from Linton's method which involves subfascial
      ligature of the direct communicating veins. The results of Palma's crossed
      sapheno-femoral operation can be improved by anastomosing end-to-end the
      subcutaneous vein and the proximal end of either the deep or the superficial
      femoral vein. In patients with torpid, calloused ulcers ligature of the
      communicating veins by Cockett's method must be associated with subcutaneous
      removal of the sclerous base of the ulcer by the method of R. P. Askerkhanov.

PMID- 1221447
TI  - Sex-dependent survival of rats after bilateral pallidal lesions.
AB  - The effects of unilateral and bilateral pallidal lesions were studied in male and
      female rats. While unilateral lesions produced only transient aphagia and
      adipsia, the results of bilateral lesions were more severe. Sixteen out of 30
      rats of the Wistar strain survived the bilateral lesion and the survivors were
      followed unitl the 157th day. The majority of survivors were females. The
      recovery of males was slower than females. All the surviving animals and also
      some of those which died ate and drank spontaneously. Similar results were
      obtained in repeated experiment on the CFY strain of rats. Our data suggest that
      aphagia and adipsia, as well as the considerable weight loss causing the death of
      animals may be regarded as disorders of two partially independent mechanisms;
      however, both of them are expressed more in male than female animals.

PMID- 1221448
TI  - [The influence of anticipation of pain on heart and respiratory rates and on the
      pain reflex in man].
AB  - A study was undertaken in man to determine the effects of anticipation of pain on
      the heart rate, respiratory rhythm and nociceptive component of the flexor
      reflex. Two groups of subjects were used: a group of trained subjects and a group
      of naive ones. A warning, given 10 min before the delivery of the painful
      stimulation, made the naive subjects anxious while the trained ones remained
      relaxed. The latter subjects showed a steady heart rate and respiratory frequency
      as well as a steady level in the nociceptive reflex threshold for the duration of
      the experiment. Two kinds of responses were exhibited by the naive subjects: one
      group showed increased heart rate and respiratory frequency as well as an initial
      increase in the reflex threshold; the other group showed decreased heart rate,
      increased respiratory frequency and an initial decrease in the reflex threshold.
      In each sub-group of the naive subjects, the time course of the reflex threshold
      showed a progressive evolution towards the threshold level of the trained
      subjects with a time course of 30--40 min.

PMID- 1221450
TI  - Maze performance in rats with hippocampal perforant paths lesions: some aspects
      of functional recovery.
AB  - The performance of two experimental groups--one with lesions of the perforant
      paths projecting to the dorsal hippocampus (the D group) and one with lesions of
      the perforant paths to both the dorsal and ventral hippocampus (the DV group)-
      was compared with the performance of a lesioned control group and an intact
      control group during two test sessions in the Hebb-Williams maze. Both
      experimental groups displayed impaired maze learning in Session I. The DV group
      showed some recovery of function in Session II, and the D group was
      indistinguishable from controls. The results are discussed in terms of reduced
      sensory information to the hippocampal formation resulting from perforant paths
      lesions. It is suggested that the hippocampus is involved in relating new stimuli
      to previous experience.

PMID- 1221449
TI  - Response suppression in normal and septal rats.
AB  - After 11 days of lever press training on a variable interval 30 sec schedule,
      separate groups of septal and normal rats were exposed for 10 days to one of two
      response-suppression procedures: extinction or differential reinforcement of
      other behaviors. Both procedures were effective in suppressing responding, with
      the septal rats taking longer to reach the suppression asymptote than  did the
      normals. All rats then received 5 days of non-contingent food presentation. Under
      these conditions responding recovered to a much greater degree in rats previously
      given extinction than in those given DRO. Further, septal rats given extinction
      showed more recovery than did normals given extinction.

PMID- 1221451
TI  - Blindness-induced hyperactivity in several strains of mice.

PMID- 1221452
TI  - Modification of prenatal stress effects in rats by adrenalectomy, dexamethasone
      and chlorpromazine.
AB  - This study was designed as a 4 (maternal treatments) by 2 (prenatal stress)
      factorial. The 4 treatment groups were: chlorpromazine (CPZ) 2.1 mg/kg;
      dexamethasone (DEX) 38.7 mug/kg; adrenalectomy (ADX); and controls (CON). Half of
      the females in each group were stressed prior to mating and during gestation.
      Stress significantly reduced birth and weaning weights of CON offspring but did
      not affect the weight of CPZ, DEX or ADX offspring. At birth, DEX and ADX
      offsrping, as well as offspring of partially adrenalectomized females, were
      significantly lighter than controls; at weaning, only the DEX animals displayed a
      weight deficit. Stress increased open field activity of ADX offspring but
      decreased the activity of DEX offspring while the performance of CON and CPZ
      offspring was not affected. In a food deprivation test at 42 days there were
      significantly more deaths among male offspring of no stress (32 percent) than of
      stress (4 percent) females and stress offspring in all groups lost less weight
      than unstressed offspring in a food deprivation test at 69 days. Avoidance
      conditioning tests showed effects only in female offspring. Stress significantly
      decreased avoidances made by CON offspring and increased avoidances made by DEX
      offspring. Treatment with ADX, CPZ or DEX can prevent the effects of prenatal
      stress on some characteristics of the offspring, but in other cases the effects
      are potentiated by these manipulations.

PMID- 1221453
TI  - Stimulants and lesions of the substantia nigra and red nucleus.
AB  - The interaction of altered activity levels by stimulants and brainstem lesions
      was examined. Lesions of the substantia nigra and red nucleus significantly
      increased activity over control levels in albino rats. The stimulant action of d
      amphetamine and methylphenidate was additive with lesion effects. In addition,
      stimulants disrupted the normal light-dark relationship with activity while the
      lesions did not. It is suggested that there are two functionally separate systems
      regulating locomotor activity.

PMID- 1221454
TI  - Survival and recovery of physiologic functions after early maternal separation in
      rats.
AB  - Fourteen-day-old rats separated from their mothers have greatly increased
      survival rates, if provided with a local heat source. Body weight, temperature,
      cardiac and respiratory rates declined for 3 days in all separated animals, and
      eye opening was delayed most in those separated at room temperature. In
      survivors, a second phase followed in which all measures rebounded to levels
      characteristic of normally mothered infants. Cardiac rate, having fallen 40
      percent in the first days after separation, rose to levels higher than normally
      mothered infants at 21 and 30 days of age. Recovery was not clearly initiated by
      any singly system studied, although non-survivors showed greater weight and
      temperature loss and evidence of gross motor deficit during the separation
      response phase.

PMID- 1221455
TI  - Loss of feeding in response to 2-deoxy-D-glucose but not insulin after zona
      incerta lesions in the rat.

PMID- 1221456
TI  - Effects of early handling upon puberty: correlations with adrenal stress
      responsiveness.
AB  - Handling of rat pups for 5 min once a week prior to weaning to permit weighing of
      the litter significantly delays vaginal opening and ovulation and is associated
      with a reduction in the response to an ether stress administered at 60 days of
      age. Handling combined with replacement of the bedding material results in a
      further delay in puberty and a further reduction in the stress response. It is
      therefore necessary to follow uniform handling procedures in any study of a
      developmental process.

PMID- 1221457
TI  - Prandial drinking and the disruption of meal patterns in olfactory bulbectomized
      rats.
AB  - In order to determine the cause of the disrupted feeding pattern in bulbectomized
      and recovered LH lesioned rats and to study the role of prandial drinking in
      producing this feeding pattern, feeding and drinking patterns were simultaneously
      recorded in these lesioned preparations. It was found that in normal rats
      drinking occurred mainly before and after the meals. In bulbectomized rats,
      drinking occurred also before and after the meal, but the main part of the meal
      associated takes place during the numerous short pauses within the meal. In LH
      recovered rats the meal associated drinking occurred in a very rapid alternation
      between eating and drinking during feeding bouts (prandial drinking) and not
      during the meal pauses. It is suggested that the nibbling pattern seen in LH
      recovered rats as well as in bulbectomized rats is not due to the prandial
      drinking but results from the loss of an olfactory input to the LH area.

PMID- 1221458
TI  - Autonomic effects of hypothalamic self-stimulation in the cat.
AB  - Respiration, heart rate and arterial blood pressure were recorded continuously
      during self-stimulation with systematically varied stimulus parameters.
      Conspicuous autonomic effects were induced by self-stimulation. Acceleration in
      the respiration and heart rate, and rise in the arterial blood pressure were
      generally obtained as direct effects of the stimulus train, which were followed
      by remarkable rebound-like aftereffects. A close relationship was found between
      the lever-pressing behaviour and the peripheral autonomic effects of self
      stimulation. The frequency of self-stimulation increased in parellel with the
      amplitude of the autonomic responses to a certain level, and the animal stopped
      self-stimulation whenever the amplitude of the autonomic effects exceeded this
      level. The results are consistent with the idea that the periopheral autonomic
      changes can modulate self-stimulation.

PMID- 1221459
TI  - An ecological comparison of the two arid-zone kangaroos of Australia, and their
      anomalous prosperity since the introduction of ruminant stock to their
      environment.
AB  - This paper discusses the interactions between the large and medium-sized
      marsupials, the introduced ruminant domestic stock, and the environment in the
      arid zone of Australia. The grazing of sheep and cattle has produced suitable
      subclimax pastures which today favor two sympatric kangaroos but not the smaller
      bandicoots and wallabies. Tall grass tussocks used as shelter by the latter have
      been grazed down by the ruminants, and replaced by "marsupial lawns" or xeric
      spinifex, depending on locality, thereby improving the food supplies for the
      plains kangaroo and the hill kangaroo, respectively. It is argued, however, that
      even these smaller marsupials benefited originally from the new grazing regime.
      Patchy grazing of the grasslands probably created edge effects and other early
      seral changes which improved the food supplies while leaving adequate shelter.
      Continued grazing by increasingly large numbers of sheep and cattle ultimately
      and critically removed the shelter and, therefore, eliminated the bandicoots and
      wallabies. There is evidence that the plains kangaroo, though generally abundant
      at the present time, is vulnerable to competitive displacement by sheep, cattle,
      rabbits, and, in one region, by the hill kangaroo when it invades the plains. The
      plains kangaroo with its diet of green herbage is most threatened during droughts
      because the other herbivores have finer-grained diets. Like the bandicoots and
      wallabies the plains kangaroo in at least two localities appears to have first
      increased in numbers and then decreased. Sheep and cattle numbers have generally
      done the same. It is postulated, therefore, that there may not be two opposing
      response curves for the large and medium-sized marsupials to the ruminant
      invasion of the inland plains, but, in the long run, only one: an initial
      numerical increase and then decline. Only the time-scale is different, taking 50
      years or more for the plains kangaroo, but perhaps half that time or less for the
      bandicoots and wallabies. The hill kangaroo may be the ultimate winner because it
      requires the least nitrogen, and the spinifex it eats during drought has spread
      as part of the subclimax created by ruminants.

PMID- 1221460
TI  - [Criminality in a birth cohort].
AB  - Beginning with a group of approximately 10,000 boys born in 1945 who lived in
      Philadelphia from at least ages ten through seventeen, the Center for Studies in
      Criminology and Criminal Law, University of Pennsylvania has engaged in a
      longitudinal analysis of the delinquency of the birth cohort. The first
      publication which examines the dynamic flow of delinquency committed by 3500 of
      the boys was published by the University of Chicago Press in 1972 and is entitled
      Delinquency in a Birth Cohort. This study is the first in the United States to
      establish a base line of delinquency probabilities and to analyze the types of
      delinquency committed over time, with the recording of the seriousness of each of
      the 10,000 acts committed by the 3500 boys. The seriousness scores were derived
      from the earlier work by Sellin and Wolfgang, entitle The Measurement of
      Delinquency. A stochastic model was used to analyze the delinquent patterns and
      one of the major conclusions, at least up to age eighteen, was that there was no
      specific delinquency specialization by type of offense. Moreover, after the third
      offense, the probabilities of desistence, or refraining from further delinquent
      acts, remained stable, thus indicating that the most propitious point for social
      intervention would be after the third offense rather than at some time prior to
      the onset of delinquency or even after the first or second offense-offenses which
      are usually of a very minor character. The Center for Studies in Criminology and
      Criminal Law has continued to follow up a ten per cent sample of the original
      birth cohort by interviewing them to obtain additional social psychological
      dynamic features of their background, of the situations involving their first and
      last delinquencies, and of their adult careers. The follow-up indicates thus far
      that approximately 12 per cent new cases of criminality appeared, thus adding to
      the original 35 per cent of the birth cohort who had a delinquency record. The
      study will pursue data analysis of the elaborate interview schedule and a
      continued examination of recidivism, particularly chronic, among the chronic
      offenders who have committed five or more offenses.

PMID- 1221461
TI  - [Psychoanalytic studies and examination of imputability].
AB  - The Author points out that the recent contributions to the study of the crime
      require an improvement of the traditional principles followed for the
      investigation and qualification of the crime, as regards both its psychological
      dynamics and any juridical implications. The Author also shows that
      psychoanalysis is able to determine a decisive evolution in the eitology as well
      in the therapy of criminality. After a few preliminary considerations on the
      ambiguity of the idea of insanity, in accordance with the ordinary nosographic
      principles formulated in psychiatry, the Author emphasizes the uncertainties and
      discrepancies that, in the legislative systems from different countries, result
      from a limited view of the psychological phenomena. Then, he examines the utility
      of considering again the whole intra-psychic process which is involved in the
      crime dynamics through a psychoanalytical methodology. Particularly, he
      highlights the clarification which psycho-analysis may bring to the understanding
      of certain forms of aggressiveness which cannot be properly diagnosed according
      to the conventional medical and juridical methods. The Author finally considers
      the opening of the psycho-analytical application in the delicate examination of
      imputability. In this regard, he suggests to avoid any strict qualification, even
      in the evaluation of the most abnormal processes of psyche and he recommends--in
      conformity with a few juridical trends appeared in some countries--not to limit
      the investigation on the ability of understanding and will to the moment when a
      crime is committed, but to extend it to a single evaluation of the whole
      personality of the criminal.

PMID- 1221462
TI  - [Prison of Castelfranco Emilia (Modena). Criminology service for the observation
      and treatment of prisoners. Case B/2].

PMID- 1221463
TI  - [Center for Drug Addiction Prevention at the S. Vittore Judiciary Prison in
      Milan].

PMID- 1221464
TI  - [Comparison of the streptozyme test with titration of antistreptolysin,
      antistreptokinase and antistreptohyaluronidase].
AB  - Streptozyme is a new serologic assay which is able to evidentiate 5
      antistreptococcal antibodies at the same time (TAS, ASHA, ASK, DNase, NADase).
      This test has been carried out on 355 samples together with TAS, ASK and ASHA
      methods in order to value this method comparatively. The results showed that
      Streptozyme is a poorly reliable technique, looking at the false-positive or
      negative results obtained, but principally looking at the phenomena of no good
      reproducibility. We feel that at present it cannot be used in substitution of the
      classic serologic methods.

PMID- 1221465
TI  - [Changes in the leukocyte formula of healthy people according to age and sex in
      the Province of Forli].
AB  - On the ground of a statistical elaboration which has been carried throughout the
      Province of Forli examining healthy people in order to observe eventual
      alteration in leucocytes' formula according to age and sex, in this way after a
      classification into five ageclasses, between 20 and 70 years, 250 men and 250
      women, we could affirm that leucocytes' formula changes remarkably considering
      age and sex. So why we cannot take into consideration just a unique leucocytes'
      formula but on the contrary it is necessary to relate the above said formula to
      the age and the sex of a subject.

PMID- 1221466
TI  - [Tetracycline fluorescence test in the diagnosis of bronchopleuropulmonary
      tumors. Its value compared with other examinations of the sputum and pleural
      effusion].
AB  - The "tetracycline fluorescence test" is considered, as a consequence of the
      experiments made by various AA., specific for the diagnosis of tumourous cases.
      With a purpose to confirm its validity, in the broncopleuropulmonary cases, A.
      examines 30 spittings and 10 pleural fluids of suspicious cases, comparing the
      results got by means of this test with those of the routine cytohystological
      examinations. The results confirm 96% positivity with said test against the 60%
      postivity of the routine cytohystological ones.

PMID- 1221467
TI  - [Results of 2 quality control programs performed in Tuscany in the year 1973 and
      1974].
AB  - Here after are reported all the results obtained from an interlaboratory quality
      control program performed in Tuscany in 1973 and in 1974. In 1973, 35 hospital
      laboratories partecipated to the program, while in 1974 the partecipating
      laboratories were 79: hospital's, private's and of public bodies. The results
      obtained in the program performed in 1974 were less satisfactory of those
      obtained in 1973 and showed the need of repeating such programs in order to
      improve the operating efficiency of laboratories.

PMID- 1221468
TI  - [In vitro culture of hepatocytes on polythene discs].
AB  - The Author describes a tissue culture method, of human embryo liver cells, on
      polythene discs. Advantages of this method are: persistence of cell morphology
      and liver architecture, good reaction of cells to traumatic squashing. This
      method can be used for control of continuous cell line and for in vitro colture
      of bioptic fragments.

PMID- 1221469
TI  - Water, sodium, potassium, and electrolyte balance.

PMID- 1221471
TI  - [A disease often misunderstood: bladder ulcer].

PMID- 1221470
TI  - Electrolyte equilibrium in normal and pathological conditions of the
      gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1221472
TI  - [Present developments in radiology].

PMID- 1221473
TI  - [The art of surgery in ophthalmology].

PMID- 1221474
TI  - [Atypical familial thyroid cancer (In a sister, localized in the ovary following
      extirpation of a benign goiter. In a brother, disclosed by osteolytic lesions)].

PMID- 1221476
TI  - [Present trends in general-practice gynecological cancerology].

PMID- 1221475
TI  - [Education of the diabetic. Experience with children at the Outpatient Clinics of
      La Source].

PMID- 1221477
TI  - [Functional surgery of the ear (tympanoplasty and surgery for otosclerosis)].

PMID- 1221478
TI  - [Femoral torsion at the intersection of pastural disorders in children].

PMID- 1221479
TI  - [Surgical correction of thoracic deformities].

PMID- 1221480
TI  - [Rehabilitation of patients with frontal lesions].
AB  - Two patients with frontal lesions underwent re-education of the mental processes.
      The material used was the PM 38 test, WAIS cubes and visuo-spatial problems. The
      method used was based on Luria's re-education technique supplemented by a process
      of phasing out the controlling aids and cutting out facts for analysis. Results
      obtained before and after re-education in responses are described and compared.
      The problem of reansferring the skill acquired to other activities is discussed.
      The authors found that skills developed in the re-education situation to cope
      with a given task are not spontaneously utilised by the patient when he is again
      placed in a similar situation, but that a simple verbal cue from the tester is
      sufficient to cause this skill to be transferred. Finally, when faced with a new
      situation, the patient does not work out how to solve the problem, but he accepts
      more readily what is suggested to him by the tester.

PMID- 1221481
TI  - [Epidemiological study of primary tumors of the neuraxis in the Rhone-Alps
      region. Quantitative data on the etiology and geographical distribution of 1670
      tumors].
AB  - The authors present a retrospective study of 670 histologically verified tumours
      of the neuraxis collected over 90 months in the Neurological Hospital, Lyons. The
      main facts concerning histological type, topography of the tumour, date of
      diagnosis, address, profession, O.B.O. and Rhesus groups, age and sex were
      codified for feeding into a computer and processed by sophisticated statistical
      methods. This analysis shows the homogeneity of topographical distribution in the
      brain of the different types of glioma, the special genetic code of meningiomas
      (predominance of A and B genes of the A.B.O. group), absence of the same factors
      for glioblastoma. Sex ratio analysis shows the contrast between definitely
      masculine tumours--glioblastomas and astrocytomas--and meningiomas and
      spongioblastomas. Analysis of the "age specific rate" separates tumours prevalent
      in the young, where incidence is a decreasing function of age (spongioblastoma,
      medulloblastoma, cerebellar astrocytoma) and tumours prevalent in adults which
      are mainly meningiomas and glioblastomas whose incidence is an increasing
      exponential function of age. Epidemiological analysis shows the difference in
      geographical distribution of glioblastomas and meningiomas. As far as
      glioblastomas are concerned, it would appear that on to the general rule of
      constant tumourincidence over the area as a whole, is superimposed another of
      high incidence in particular districts of the Beaujolais and Maconnais regions.
      The aetiological implications of these various findings are discussed.

PMID- 1221483
TI  - [Epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. Apropos of 8 electro-clinical cases].

PMID- 1221482
TI  - [Syndrome of myokymia, pseudo-myotonia, muscular atrophy, and hyperhidrosis.
      Apropos of a case].

PMID- 1221484
TI  - [Case of lethargic-type hypersomnia].

PMID- 1221485
TI  - [Myoclonic encephalopathy due to bismuth following colectomy. Apropos of a case].
AB  - Bismuth encephalopathy mainly affects chronic constipation sufferers. The case
      described, which is practically identical, should be considered (in the absence
      of constipation) within the context of resection for cancer. The responsibility
      of bismuth, suggested in five similar cases by Burns and colleagues, is here
      confirmed by the blood, C.S.F. and urine levels. The mechanism of encephalopathy
      and the possibility of a failure to eliminate bismuth affecting these levels are
      discussed.

PMID- 1221486
TI  - [Neuropathology of trichopoliodystrophy (Menkes' disease). Anatomoclinical
      observation].
AB  - The authors describe an anatomo-clinical case of trichopoliodystrophy in many
      ways similar to cases already published. The original features of the case are as
      follows: the ultrastructure of the duodenal mucosa is normal; the endoplasmatic
      reticulum of the putaminal neurons contains many-layered lamellar structures
      probably composed of protein; type II fibres predominate in the striated skeletal
      muscle suggesting abnormal neuromuscular maturation.

PMID- 1221487
TI  - [Prosopagnosia. Role of the right hemisphere in visual perception. (Apropos of a
      case after right occipital lobectomy)].
AB  - The authors describe a case of prosopagnosia which appeared a month after right
      occipital lobectomy. Results obtained by means of various tests devised to
      analyse this perception disorder have produced the following conclusions: 1)
      results of pairing tests which require a high level of perceptive differentiation
      are successful but after abnormally long delays; 2) in spite of this success,
      faces--even the patient's own--are not recognized; 3) this disorder extends to
      affect every task requiring recognition of the individual nature of a stimulus;
      4) this individuality has the peculiarity of being based on visual patterns which
      it is impossible, or almost impossible, to express verbally; 5) the part played
      by defective visual representation in the brain is discussed; 6) a posterior
      lesion of the minor hemisphere is a prerequisite of prosopagnosia; 7) these
      facts, in conjunction with the findings in cases of inter-hemispheric
      disconnection lead one to think that the minor hemisphere, in right-handed
      subjects, plays a major part in the development and treatment of highly
      differentiated visual patterns which it is impossible, or almost impossible, to
      express verbally.

PMID- 1221489
TI  - [Crossed pectoral reflex].

PMID- 1221488
TI  - [Congenital myopathy with selective hypotrophy of type I fibers].

PMID- 1221490
TI  - A study on the effect of central nervous system homogenate on the carbohydrate
      metabolism in the land slug, Laevicaulis alte.

PMID- 1221491
TI  - Ultrastructural organization of the optic tectum of Poecilia reticulata
      (teleosts).

PMID- 1221492
TI  - Neurosecretory cells of the central nervous system of the freshwater crab,
      Barytelphusa cunicularis (Westwood 1836).

PMID- 1221494
TI  - Statistical terminology in clinical chemistry reference values.

PMID- 1221493
TI  - Recommendations concerning the collection of reference values in clinical
      chemistry and activity report by the Committee on Reference Values of the
      Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology.

PMID- 1221495
TI  - Caplan's syndrome - a clinical study of 13 cases.
AB  - Thirteen cases of Caplan's syndrome were investigated by chest X-ray, rheumatic
      and immunological tests, heart and lung physiology and pathological-anatomical
      specimens. No positive correlation was found between exposure time to silica,
      roentgenolgical findings, degree of rheumatoid factor or physiological findings.
      In nine of the cases a rapid roentgenological progress took place. Although the
      combination of lung infiltrations and rheumatic disorders makes an immunological
      reaction probable, no correlation was found between the degree of rheumatic
      disorder and roentgenological progress. The hypothesis that silica acts as an
      adjuvant, which may strengthen an antigen-antibody reaction, was not reflected in
      rheumatic parameters. The roentgenological examination appeared to be the most
      sensitive method for following the disease.

PMID- 1221496
TI  - Comparison of the effects on airway conductance of a new selective beta
      adrenergic blocking drug, atenolol, and propranolol in asthmatic subjects.
AB  - Five patients with mild to moderate asthma were studied after an intravenous
      saline control followed by atenolol (i.v. 7-9mg) and propranolol (i.v. 0.2-1.0
      mg) in a body plethysmograph. Following propranolol, heart rate did not change
      but specific airway conductance dropped with 65% and airway resistance increased
      with 130%. Following atenolol, there was a dose-related decrease in heart rate
      (25% after 9 mg i.v.) and a slight but not significant tendency to a decrease in
      airway conductance on the highest doses. None of the patients experienced any
      change in symptoms after administration of atenolol but after propranolol two
      patients had worsened symptoms. It is concluded that, in contrast to propranolol,
      atenolol blocks the beta-receptors in the heart preferentially to those in the
      lungs, and thus could be given to patients with obstructive lung disease.

PMID- 1221497
TI  - Pulmonary involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Vital capacity (VC) and single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of
      the lungs (Dco) were measured and chest X-ray evaluated in 129 patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA). 123 of them represented average RA patients, either
      hospitalized (84 patients, Group I) or outpatient material (39 patients, Group
      II). The remaining six patients (Group III) represented cases with marked changes
      in chest X-ray detected in an earlier study. Deviating findings in the 123 cases
      of Groups I and II were observed as follows: in one the lung function tests or X
      ray examinations, 35%; abnormal X-rays, 18%; reduced VC or Dco, 28%;
      simultaneously low VC and Dco, 7%; and pathological findings in all three tests,
      2%. Group III showed extremely low VC and Dco values. Changes in respiratory
      function involved restrictive impairment and diffusion defects, and the results
      further implied that restrictive changes develop early, whereas decreased
      diffusing capacity is associated with more advanced "rheumatoid lung". The
      disparity abnormal findings in chest X-ray changes and in lung function tests
      suggests that in examining pulmonary manifestations in patients witu RA, both
      radiographic methods and pulmonary function tests should be used for relevant
      evaluation.

PMID- 1221498
TI  - The therapeutic value of oral long-term treatment with terbutaline (Bricanyl) in
      asthma. A follow-up study of its efficacy and side effects.
AB  - A follow-up study comprising 51 patients with chronic intrinsic asthma requiring
      regular daily peroral bronchodilating drugs and isoprinaline aerosol is
      presented. Forty-three of the patients required long-term steroid therapy as
      well. Patients were controlled regularly both before and during peroral treatment
      with terbutaline. The study was concluded after continuous terbutaline therapy
      for an average period of 32 months. A subjective improvement was seen in 46
      patients. Out of 43 patients requiring long-term steroid treatment, 24 were able
      to decrease their daily dose of prednisolone and four patients could discontinue
      steroid therapy. Thirty-five patients decreased their isoprenaline aerosol use
      and four abandoned the aerosol completely. The need for hospital care was reduced
      by two-thirds and the total sick leave from work was decreased by two-thirds. In
      order to test how the bronchi responded after continuous use of terbutaline,
      spirometry was carried out before and after a subcutaneous injection of
      terbutaline at the end of the study. No indication of resistance to the drug was
      found. Tremor occurred occasionally in 16 patients. No toxic effects of the drug
      have been found.

PMID- 1221499
TI  - Migration in malaysian aborigines: clinical observations in pregnancy.
AB  - This study presents clinical observations in pregnancy made on aborigines of the
      deep jungle and "outside" populations. Migration out of the jungle results in
      lowered nutritional status as a result of low socio-economic status in the
      "outside" aborigine. This, together with food habits, increased family size and
      higher incidence of helminthic infestations, results in lower mean values of Hb,
      PVC and MCHC and a higher prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy in the migrant
      aborigine. A higher population density in the "outside" population resulting in
      frequent intermingling and increased chances of cross-contamination probably
      explains the increased vaginal bacterial growth in the "outside" Aborigine women.
      A higher prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in the "outside" aborigine woman is
      probably related to exposure to oral contraceptives and broad-spectrum
      antibiotics. On the other hand, better medical and obstetrical services become
      more readily available to the "outside" aborigine and this results in a
      favourable influence on perinatal health.

PMID- 1221500
TI  - Absence of detectable hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) in the commercial oyster,
      Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, in Hong Kong.
AB  - The locally grown commercial oyster in Hong Kong, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, is
      faecally polluted particularly in the summer months at a time when oyster
      consumption and the incidence of viral hepatitis similarly increase. Whole
      oysters and isolates of tissues including the digestive diverticula and mantle
      fluids, in unconcentrated or concentrated forms were examined by
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis for the presence of the hepatitis-B antigen (HBAg);
      No antigen was detected in samples examined on a monthly basis over a one year
      period nor those examined hourly for one day in mid-summer. HBAg may not have
      been detected since the pollution of the oyster beds was considered to be
      predominantly of animal rather than human origin.

PMID- 1221501
TI  - Serial dilution antibiotic susceptibility testing evaluation of a micromethod for
      use in a diagnostic laboratory.
AB  - Simultaneous MIC determinations were performed by the conventional tube dilution
      method and a microdilution technique. Forty-five clinical isolates and 11
      antibiotics were used. Results of the two tests revealed 89.2% aggrement of +/-
      one dilution. The microdilution method was found to be reliable, reproducible and
      economical in time, labour and materials. The use of pH indicator in the
      microtechnique is recommended for certain organisms.

PMID- 1221502
TI  - Mastomys natalensis as an experimental host for Brugia malaye subperiodic.
AB  - Infective larvae of Brugia malayi subperiodic obtained by dissection of infected
      Aedes togoi were injected subcutaneously into the scrotal region of Mastomys
      natalensis. From altogether 58 infected male M. natalensis 81% showed
      consistently or intermittently detectable microfilaraemia, whereas in 19% of the
      animals no microfilaraemia could be detected at any stage. The mean prepatent
      period was 136 days; the microfilarial density varied from 1 to 535 per 20 c. mm
      blood. In those animlas with consistently detectable and in general higher
      microfilaraemia an average of 13.1 live adult worms were found, against an
      average of 6.4 adult worms in animals with intermittent detectable and in general
      lower microfilaraemia. An average of 1.5 worms was found in animals which at no
      stage showed detectable microfilaraemia. A correlation between worm burden and
      prepatent period could be observed in the individual groups. From the total of
      520 live adult worms recovered at necropsy, 37% were found in the lungs, 29% in
      the parenchyma of the testes and 34% in the lymphatic system. 47% of live fertile
      female worms were found in the lymphatic system, whereas the majority, i.e; 52%
      of infertile female worms were detected in the lungs. In addition, 380
      encapsulated dead worms were found, most of them (98%) in the lymphatic system.
      61% of a total of 900 live and dead worms were found in the region of the
      lymphatic system.

PMID- 1221503
TI  - The sensory receptors of two cercariae from Malaysia: Trichobilharzia brevis
      (Schistosomatidae) and Haplorchis Pumilio (Heterophyidae).
AB  - A description of sensory receptors of Trichobilharzia brevis is given. They are
      compared with the five Schistosomatidae described by Richard (1971), namely,
      Trichobilharzia ocellata, schistosoma mansoni, S. bovis, S; haematobium and S.
      rodhaini. All these species display very similar chaetotaxic characters. In the
      study of the cercaria of Haplorchis pumilio, comparison with the few
      Opisthorchioidea cercarial sensory organs already known has enabled the authors
      to characterise the chaetotaxy for this superfamily.

PMID- 1221504
TI  - Estimation of annual incidence of schistosomiasis japonica among school children
      in the Philippines;.
AB  - An attempt was made to estimate the annual incidence of schistosomiasis from the
      prevalences at ages 7 to 10 in the Philippines.

PMID- 1221505
TI  - The first authentic record of Angiostrongylus cantonensis Chen, 1935 Peninsular
      Malaysia.
AB  - Angiostrongylus cantonensis Chen, was recovered from a field rat, Rattus
      tiomanicus from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The parasite constitutes
      the first reported record occurring in this country. Morphological character of
      the parasite are compared with the original description of A. cantonensis by Chen
      (1935), A. cantonensis from Formosa and A. malaysiensis from Malaysia.

PMID- 1221506
TI  - Serum and red cell folate activity and folic acid absorption in patients with
      hookworm infection.
AB  - Red cell and serum folate levels and folic acid absorption were studied in
      patients with hookworm infection. The mean value of serum folic acid level was
      found to be significantly lower than that of the normal subjects and 32% of cases
      had serum folic acid level less than 4 ng/ml. The red cell folate content in all
      patients studied were within the normal limits. The mean value of the folic acid
      absorption was also lower than that of the normal. Six out of 13 patients
      absorbed folic acid less than 38%, the lowest value obtained from the normal
      subjects. These findings indicated that there was a negative balance of folic
      acid in some patients with hookworm infection which was probably due to
      impairment in absorption.

PMID- 1221507
TI  - Man, an accidental host of Cyclodontostomum purvisi (Adams, 1933), and the
      occurrence in rats in Thailand.
AB  - Two adults of Cyclodontostomum purvisi were recovered from faecal specimen of a
      47 year-old male who had suffered from capillariasis, in Kaeng Khoi District,
      Saraburi Province, Thailand; Adults of C. purvisi were also recovered from the
      large intestine of B. savilei and B. indica trapped in the same area and in Pak
      Philli District, Nakhon Nayok Province. This is the first record of human
      infection with C. purvisi and of the occurrence in B. savilei and B. indica in
      Thailand.

PMID- 1221508
TI  - Folate activity in red cells of Thai blood donors.

PMID- 1221509
TI  - [Blood coagulation disorders in patients with meningococcemia].

PMID- 1221510
TI  - [Problem of Toxoplasma embryopathies].

PMID- 1221511
TI  - [Work capacity and employment of patients after radical treatment of thyroid
      cancer].

PMID- 1221512
TI  - [Causes of late hospitalization of patients with acute appendicitis].

PMID- 1221513
TI  - [Blood coagulation activity in patients with obliterating arterial diseases of
      the limbs depending on the degree of hypoxia and active reaction of the tissues].

PMID- 1221514
TI  - [Improving the effectiveness of preventive examinations for early detection of
      stomach cancer].

PMID- 1221516
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis of strangulated external ventral hernia].

PMID- 1221517
TI  - [Volvulus of the gallbladder].

PMID- 1221515
TI  - [Hospital infections as an epidemiological problem].

PMID- 1221518
TI  - [Certain mechanisms of fluctuation of enzymatic activity].

PMID- 1221519
TI  - [Treatment of secondary tracheo-bronchial dyskinesia with imuran].

PMID- 1221520
TI  - [Function of external respiration in recurrent myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1221521
TI  - [Pathogenesis of respiratory insufficiency in influenza].

PMID- 1221522
TI  - [Kallikrein-kinin system of blood in patients with acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1221523
TI  - [Relationship between intestinal dysbacteriosis and steatorrhea in patients with
      chronic enterocolitis].

PMID- 1221524
TI  - [Treatment of acute barbiturate poisoning by the method of hemosorption].

PMID- 1221525
TI  - [Prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications].

PMID- 1221526
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of chemical burns of the esophagus in children].

PMID- 1221527
TI  - [Certain methodological aspects of the problem of shock].

PMID- 1221528
TI  - [Resuscitation of patients with severe combined chest injury].

PMID- 1221529
TI  - [Errors in surgical tactics during emergency surgery in diseases of the abdominal
      organs].

PMID- 1221530
TI  - [Use of paranephric trimecaine block in acute and chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1221531
TI  - [Surgical treatment of obliterating occlusions of the iliofemoral segment].

PMID- 1221532
TI  - [Pneumogastrography in the diagnosis of perforating gastroduodenal ulcers].

PMID- 1221533
TI  - [Clinicaluse of cholestyramine in intrahepatic cholestasis].

PMID- 1221534
TI  - [Correction of hypocoagulemia in the preoperative period].

PMID- 1221535
TI  - [Use of bicillin for the prevention of recurrent erysipelas].

PMID- 1221536
TI  - [Emergency stage-by-stage treatment of status epilepticus].

PMID- 1221537
TI  - [Problems of differential diagnosis of spinal forms of tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 1221538
TI  - [Analysis of diagnostic errors in tuberculous meningitis].

PMID- 1221539
TI  - [Epidemiology of primary glaucoma].

PMID- 1221541
TI  - [Physical treatment of children with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1221540
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus in children from the Belgrade area, treated at the Pediatric
      Clinic].

PMID- 1221542
TI  - [Indications for vaginal hysterectomy in a 10-year period].

PMID- 1221543
TI  - [Possibilities of x-ray diagnosis of ascaridiasis in negative clinical and
      laboratory findings].

PMID- 1221544
TI  - [Homocystinuria].

PMID- 1221545
TI  - [Bioptic analysis of the liver in chronic alcoholics].

PMID- 1221546
TI  - [New concepts in regard to the cause and development of Balkan nephropathy].

PMID- 1221547
TI  - [Crohn's disease of the colon].

PMID- 1221550
TI  - Bronchography in chronic bronchitis.
AB  - Bronchograms were made in eight men, chosen on clinical grounds as representative
      of three grades of severity in a series of 67 male bronchitis studied
      prospectively over a period of 10 years, with the object of ascertaining the
      anatomical condition at the end of this period. In the stationary group the
      bronchograms showed only a mild mucous reaction, and peripheral filling was
      generally good. In the slowly progressive group, mucous obstruction was evident
      and fairly widespread, and organic changes were present, though not widespread or
      severe. In the progressive group, both mucous obstruction and organic change were
      widespread. It was noted that when both mucous obstruction and organic changes
      were observed the upper lobes were seen to be relatively normal with the
      exception of  the progressive cases in which all changes were more severe. The
      bronchographic abnormalities were found to be closely correlated with the grades
      of clinical severity.

PMID- 1221548
TI  - Clinical aspects of protective immunity of the respiratory tract.

PMID- 1221549
TI  - The pathology of the lung in byssinotics.
AB  - A report of the gross and microscopic appearances in the lungs and the weights of
      the cardiac ventricles in 43 subjects receiving industrial benefit for byssinosis
      is presented. In 27 (63%) there was no significant emphysema, in 10 (23%) there
      were varying amounts of centrilobular emphysema, and panacinar emphysema was
      found in six (14%). Other changes were of non-specific nature, but most cases
      showed heavy black dust pigmentation, often associated with centrilobular
      dilatation of distal air spaces.

PMID- 1221551
TI  - On-line monitoring of mixed venous oxygen saturation after cardiothoracic
      surgery.
AB  - On-line monitoring of MVo2 sat. in vivo by means of fibreoptic reflectometry was
      studied in 19 patients as to its predictive value during the postoperative course
      after thoracotomy for periods up to 60 hours. In all but one of the 10 patients
      with MVo2 sat. less than 65% for at least one hour complications occurred. A fall
      of MVo2 sat. of more than 5% or a value below 60% predicted a period of
      hypotension in six patients. In two of them this coincided with a period of
      ventricular arrhythmias. In those with MVo2 sat. greater than 65% no
      postoperative complications such as arrhythmias, shock, respiratory dysfunction
      or oliguria took place.

PMID- 1221552
TI  - Adult cyanotic congenital heart disease.
AB  - The surgical treatment of cyanotic heart disease in the adult poses some
      technical difficulties in correcting severe anatomical deformities and
      compromised physiological states over a wide range of conditions. Various
      abnormalities and their surgical management have been reviewed. Forty-six
      patients over the age of 18 years have been operated with 10 operative deaths. Of
      the survivors, 63% have had excellent clinical result; 69.5% of the total group
      had an excellent or good result following surgery. It is concluded that the age
      of the patient is not a bar to the complete repair of these deformities, and all
      cases of adult cyanotic heart disease should be investigated with a view to
      surgical correction.

PMID- 1221553
TI  - A community survey of asthmatic characteristics.
AB  - A survey was undertaken among adults aged 20-44 years in a South Wales town.
      Persons with a history of wheezing with breathlessness and in the absence of a
      cold were identified by postal questionnaires and seen at a clinic, together with
      a sample of subjects without these symptoms. The response rates for the first and
      second stages of the survey were 99.6% and 91.0% respectively, and 574 subjects
      were ultimately seen. Asthmatic patients (those receiving treatment within the
      previous year) had some airways obstruction at rest, which increased after
      exercise. They also had strong allergic tendencies, as shown by personal and
      family history, skin tests, and serum IgE levels. The ex-asthmatics (those not
      receiving treatment within the previous year) showed these tendencies to a lesser
      extent. A larger group gave a history of wheezing but stated that they had never
      had asthma; in their response to exercise and allergic traits they resembled the
      control group rather than the asthmatics, and appeared to have the features of
      chronic bronchitis. Asthma and chronic bronchitis would therefore seem to be
      distinct entities within the population studied.

PMID- 1221554
TI  - A system for processing by digital computer spirograms acquired in field surveys.
AB  - Instrumentation and techniques are described for recording expiratory spirograms
      in the field and analysing them with a digital computer in the laboratory. A
      commercially available spirometer is modified, to give an oscillating electrical
      output signal which is recorded on a cassette tape recorder. The computer
      displays the spirogram, calculates the forced vital capacity, one-second forced
      expiratory volume, maximum mid-expiratory flow, and time to expire 25%, 50%, 75%,
      and 90% of the vital capacity.

PMID- 1221555
TI  - Surgical management of staphylococcal pericarditis.
AB  - The surgical management of 10 patients with staphylococcal pericarditis is
      described. Of the 10, seven were children aged 12 years or under. A variety of
      procedures was used to drain the pericardium at open operation; these included
      left anterior thoracotomy, left anterolateral thoracotomy, median sternotomy, and
      the transdiaphragmatic approach to the pericardium. The pathological findings at
      operation are described. Two patients died; one of the deaths was related to the
      operation, the other was not. The remained eight patients were ultimately well
      although two required reoperation before recovery was achieved. After the initial
      diagnosis of pyopericardium, early consideration of operative drainage is
      advocated. An effective means of surgical management is dependent, open drainage
      of the pericardium approach by the transdiaphragmatic route.

PMID- 1221556
TI  - The radial intercepts method for measuring bronchial mucous gland volume.
AB  - A new linear method, the radial intercepts method, has been introduced for
      quantitating the components of the bronchial wall. The method is an adaptation of
      Rosiwal's (1898) original linear measurement technique, but unlike Rosiwal's the
      radial intercepts method takes measurements along radii at regular sectoral
      intervals. The method is reproducible and, from its high correlation with the
      standard planimetric, cut-weigh, and point-count techniques for quantifying
      bronchial wall components (Bedrossian, Anderson and Foraker, 1971), it is
      concluded that the method is reliable.

PMID- 1221557
TI  - Infected left atrial mass within anatomically normal heart.
AB  - A case is presented with some features of subacute bacterial endocarditis and of
      left atrial myxoma. Operative removal of a 5x3 cm tumour lying above and attached
      to an anatomically normal mitral valve reversed a rapidly deteriorating clinical
      situation. Histologically the entire tumour appeared to be old thrombus, and Gram
      positive cocci in its superficial strata corresponded with Streptococcus viridans
      previously isolated from blood cultures. Many features, including an eight-year
      history of intermittent neurological disturbances and recent increasing
      hypergammaglobulinaemia, accord with the diagnosis of atrial myxoma. However, the
      valvular attachment site, absence of any cardiac structural abnormality, and
      tumour histopathology with bacterial colonization of the tumour present a unique
      situation which is explored in the discussion.

PMID- 1221558
TI  - Thymoma and systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The simultaneous occurrence of a thymoma and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
      is reported. Disease state associated with thymoma are reviewed and the possible
      immunological basis for this spectrum of diseases is discussed. The role of
      angiography in the diagnosis of thymic tumours is described.

PMID- 1221559
TI  - [Treatment of bone infections using intra-arterial injections of
      rolitetracycline].

PMID- 1221560
TI  - [Clinical and biological aspects of urokinase therapy].

PMID- 1221562
TI  - [Pharmacologic value of a 1. cerebral cortex 2. tissue-pO2 recording technic in
      rabbits. Response to papaverine and naftidrofuryl].

PMID- 1221561
TI  - [Immuno-allergic complications of the sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim combination:
      thrombopenia, acute interstitial kidney disease, and electrophoretic
      abnormality].

PMID- 1221563
TI  - [Neuroelectrophysiological study in cats of a new psychotropic drug: toloxatone].

PMID- 1221564
TI  - [Combinations of methaqualone and other hypnotics: potentiation and induction in
      rats].

PMID- 1221565
TI  - [Potentiation by theophylline of the anti-inflammatory effects of prednisone].

PMID- 1221566
TI  - [Study on the fetal toxicity of alpha tocopherol quinone].

PMID- 1221567
TI  - [Effect of naftidrofuryl on cerebral energy metabolism in mice. 2nd part].

PMID- 1221569
TI  - [Award of the Societe Francaise de Therapeutipue etale Pharmacodynamie (courtade
      Foundation with the aid of the Syndicat National de e' Industrie
      Pharmaceutipue)].

PMID- 1221568
TI  - [Exacerbation of Masugi's nephritis in rats through diuretic treatment].

PMID- 1221570
TI  - [Palmar dermatoglyphics in different phenotypic manifestations of schizophrenia].
AB  - Palmar dermatoglyphics was studied in 1120 patients with schizophrenia with due
      regard for its form, and in 1240 healthy persons of the same population. The
      frequency of the AU/AC type of patterns in the hypothenar area was increased in
      women with schizophrenia and its paranoid form. Among men with schizophrenia and
      its simple form the frequency of dysplasia, true and defective patterns on the
      thenar was increased; in addition in men with the paranoid form the frequency of
      loops in the 3d interdigital areas was also increased.

PMID- 1221571
TI  - [Cellular interactions in lymph node cultures].
AB  - The comparison of the results of the author's own observations based on the
      tissue culture method, autoradiography and time lapse cinemicrography with the
      data of literature permits concluding that the lymphoid cells are capable of
      exchanging biological information through the cytoplasmic bridges arising between
      them. The data obtained show an active penetration of lymphocytes into the
      cytoplasm of reticular cells and macrophages.

PMID- 1221572
TI  - [Characteristics of structural chromosome aberrations induced by type 1
      adenovirus in human and Chinese hamster cells in vitro].
AB  - Adenovirus multiplies in both studied cultures. In the Chinese hamster cells
      infection is of slowed down, cyclic character. In this case a short
      subcultivation of cells infected with the virus and the study of the damage
      distribution in groups of chromosomes are possible. No selectivity was found with
      respect to the damage of certain group chromosomes.

PMID- 1221573
TI  - [Tertiary structure of histones].
AB  - Optical absorption and fluorescence of histones F2a and F2b were studied. An
      increase in pH and ionic strength induced the structure change in these histones
      fractions. The hydrofobic sites are formed in protein molecules and this leads to
      an intensification of histone-histone interactions. The change in the histone
      tertiary structure is of importance for processes associated with regulation of
      gene activity in eukaryotic cells.

PMID- 1221575
TI  - [Seasonal dynamics in the function of avian pituitary gonadotropic cells].
AB  - The investigations showed that differentiation and functional activity of
      gonadotropocytes in ducks at different phases of a sexual cycle change in
      complete conformity with the quantitative changes of gonadotropic hormones in the
      hypophysis and peripheral blood. Intensification of the function of
      gonadotropocytes and an increase in the content of gonadotropins in blood and
      hypophysis correspond to activation of gonads. The refracteriness of gonads is
      accompanied by involution of gonadotropocytes and inhibition of synthesis and
      secretion of gonadotropins in them.

PMID- 1221574
TI  - [Reproduction of chicken chromosomes at the end of the DNA synthesis period].
AB  - Reduplication of chicken chromosomes at the end of S-period in the cells of bone
      marrow was studied, using the method of prolonged labelling with 3H-thymidine and
      autoradiography. It is shown that during the last hour of the S-period the DNA
      synthesis in macrochromosomes ends primarily in the centromere region and the
      regions adjacent to it. Sex chromosomes (ZZ) of cocks accomplish the reproduction
      simultaneously.

PMID- 1221576
TI  - [Effect of temperature on the occurrence and repair of radiaiton-induced damage
      to V. faba and Chinese hamster cells].
AB  - Keeping of irradiated cells at the temperature differing from the optimal one
      affects differently the stages of the cellular cycle and survival rate revealing
      the protection in G2 at 4 degrees C and increasing the number of cells with
      aberrations at the expense of interchromosome chromide translocations. Caffein
      decreased the survival rate of cells kept in suspension at 4 degrees C.

PMID- 1221577
TI  - [Methods of determining the mutagenic activity of chemical compounds].
AB  - The paper deals with methods for determining the mutagenic activity of chemical
      compounds. Bacteria, cell culture and host-mediated assay were used for that
      purpose.

PMID- 1221578
TI  - [Ultrastructural and functional expression of the hepatocyte genome in conditions
      of prolonged suppression by cycloheximide of protein synthesis. IV].
AB  - RNA synthesis was intensified in isolated nuclei of the rat liver an hour after
      the animal treatment with cycloheximide (CHI). Incubation of the nuclei with a
      cytoplasmic fraction 160000 g obtained from normal rats decreases RNA synthesis,
      and that obtained from CHI-treated animals-increases it. Mechanisms of this
      effects are discussed.

PMID- 1221579
TI  - [Genealogical analysis in progenia].
AB  - The article is based on studies of 16 probands. Among 268 relatives of the
      proband 64 "progenic" were detected. Variability of the character manifestation,
      i.e. clinical polymorphism, incomplete penetrance and different expressiveness of
      the pathological gene, is typical of progeny. Genetic analysis helps recognizing
      this anomaly by external, slightly noticeable symptoms.

PMID- 1221580
TI  - [Effect of immunization of mice with live viral vaccines on bone marrow cell
      chromosomes in 1st generation progeny].
AB  - In bone marrow cells of the first generation progeny obtained from mice
      intensively immunized with live antiviral vaccines (poliovaccine, measles and
      smallpox vaccines) an increase of chromosome frequency aberrations is observed
      mainly due to chromatid breaks. Simultaneously a considerable delay in growth was
      determined for progeny obtained from the vaccinated animals as compared with the
      control.

PMID- 1221581
TI  - [Chromosomes of the Black Sea Gobiidae--Gobius melanostomus (Pallas) and Gobius
      batrachocephalus (Pallas) ].
AB  - The chromosome set of G. melanostomus (Pallas) consists of 46 acrocentric
      chromosomes (2n-46).  There are 30 chromosomes in the caryotype of G.
      batrachocephalus (Pallas):  16 metacentric and 14 acrocentric.  The equal number
      of arms in the chromosome sets of the studied fish (FN-46) evidences for
      phylogenetic relationships of these species.

PMID- 1221582
TI  - [Toward further improvement of physiotherapy and health-resort service in
      Ukrainian SSR].

PMID- 1221583
TI  - [State of hemodynamics in patients with chronic cholecystohepatitis].

PMID- 1221584
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenological study of the esophagus after laryngectomy for cancer].

PMID- 1221585
TI  - [Substantiation of the use of ultraviolet rays].

PMID- 1221586
TI  - [Clinico-anatomical parallels of different forms of hypernephroid tumor of the
      kidney].

PMID- 1221587
TI  - [Method of mineral water drinking regimen in the treatment of patients with
      kidney calculi].

PMID- 1221588
TI  - [Remote results of conservative treatment of pathologically movable kidney].

PMID- 1221589
TI  - [Long-term treatment of middle-aged and old patients with paralysis agitans and
      parkinsonism with levodopa].

PMID- 1221590
TI  - [Detection of hereditary primary glaucoma among rural population].

PMID- 1221591
TI  - [Microelements and electrolytes of blood in chronic microintoxication with zinc
      compounds].

PMID- 1221592
TI  - [State of the renin-angiotensin system in acute and chronic circulatory
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1221593
TI  - [State of pulmonary gas exchange in workers subjected to long-term intoxication
      with carbon monoxide].

PMID- 1221595
TI  - [Clinical importance of the polarographic test in viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1221594
TI  - [Role of microflora of the respiratory tract in the development of pneumonia in
      influenza].

PMID- 1221596
TI  - [Urinary excretion of sodium and potassium in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1221597
TI  - [Intravital and differential diagnosis of internal cardiac rupture in myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 1221598
TI  - [Myocardial infarct in active rheumocarditis].

PMID- 1221599
TI  - [Different variants of ischemic heart disease in patients with diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 1221601
TI  - [Thrombophilia index in marked coronary arteriosclerosis under conditions of
      functional test and complex treatment].

PMID- 1221600
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a spasmolytic drug, dimidin].

PMID- 1221602
TI  - [Correction of disorders of hemostasis in acute leukemia].

PMID- 1221603
TI  - [Status and perspectives of the development of physiotherapy in Ukraine].

PMID- 1221604
TI  - [State of peripheral blood circulation in patients with stroke according to
      capillaroscopic data].

PMID- 1221605
TI  - [State of cerebrovascular circulation in patients with primary arterial
      hypotension according to rheoencephalographic data].

PMID- 1221606
TI  - [Hemodynamics of the lessor circulation in patients with hypertensive disease,
      acquired heart defects and chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1221608
TI  - [Vasomotor syndromes in chronic cerebral arachnoiditis].

PMID- 1221607
TI  - [Effect of vitamin B 6 therapy on blood coagulation indicators in patients with
      arteriosclerotic dystrophy of macula lutea].

PMID- 1221609
TI  - [Rendu-Osler-Weber disease with diffuse capillary angiomatosis of both lungs].

PMID- 1221610
TI  - [Device for recording oscillograms].

PMID- 1221611
TI  - [Change of the activity of leukocyte peroxidase in bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1221612
TI  - [Evaluation of the activity of inflammation process in patients with chronic
      pneumonia].

PMID- 1221613
TI  - [Clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis in workers of Diesel locomotive
      factory].

PMID- 1221614
TI  - [Autoimmune processes in pseudotuberculosis].

PMID- 1221615
TI  - [Effect of cholinergic-blocking agents on the fibrinolytic system of blood in
      patients with ulcer disease].

PMID- 1221616
TI  - [Certain data on the dynamics of large and giant gastric ulcers in middle-aged
      and old persons].

PMID- 1221617
TI  - [Roentgen diagnosis of esophageal ulcers].

PMID- 1221618
TI  - [Experience in creation of specialized physiotherapeutic centers].

PMID- 1221619
TI  - [Determination of risk of ulcer disease with the aid of a table of diagnostic
      coefficients].

PMID- 1221620
TI  - [Ascites in pancreatitis].

PMID- 1221621
TI  - [Improvement of a tube for aspiration biopsy of the small-intestine mucosa].

PMID- 1221622
TI  - [Certain problems of diagnosis and treatment of intestinal invagination].

PMID- 1221623
TI  - [Significance of electron microscopy for the development of biological sciences].

PMID- 1221625
TI  - [Some relations between the structure and function of helminths in the light of
      research on their ultrastructure].

PMID- 1221624
TI  - [Recognition of the ultrastructure and systematization of Protozoa].

PMID- 1221626
TI  - [Ultrastructural examination of Cysticercus bovis].

PMID- 1221627
TI  - [Ultrastructural changes in muscle cells infected with Trichinella spiralis].

PMID- 1221628
TI  - [Defensive reactions of insects against pathogenic nematodes in the electron
      microscopic studies].

PMID- 1221629
TI  - [Ultrastructure of developmental stages and spores of Microsporidia and the
      mechanism of infection of their insect host].

PMID- 1221630
TI  - [The "Asthma Programme" (author's transl)].
AB  - The "asthma programme", the product of teamwork between the 1st Department of
      Dermatology and the 2nd Department of Medicine is presented. It contains all
      examinations necessary for the diagnosis of bronchial asthma: case history, skin
      test, IgE, RAST, lung function test, inhalative provocation test. The value of
      each is discussed. Finally, the results of hyposensitation treatment are
      presented.

PMID- 1221631
TI  - [Absorption and pharmacokinetics of large doses of 1-thyroxine in man (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In recent years suppression tests with a single dose of 3 mg 1-thyroxine (T4) and
      weekly doses of 1 mg T 4 in the treatment of hypothyroidism have been put to
      clinical trial and the lack of side-effects of such high doses (5 to 15 X daily
      requirements) was stressed. Hence, it was decided to study the absorption of 1-T
      4 from the gastrointestinal tract and its metabolism in euthyroid patients. Doses
      from 250 to 2500 mug T 4, mixed with 250 muCi 131I-thyroxine were given to 10
      patients. After the thyroid had been blocked with perchlorate, the excretion was
      followed in faeces and urine for 4 to 5 days, the thyroid uptake of 131I was
      checked and serial blood samples were drawn to follow plasma activity curves.
      Quantitative analyses of T 4, triiodothyronine (T 3), ETR and TSH were also
      performed on the plasma samples, whilst paper chromatography of urine samples
      allowed a further separation of iodide and organic iodine compounds. The results
      showed a definite rise in plasma T 4 levels after administration of large T 4
      doses, with a simultaneous increase in T 3 values. Doses of 2500 mug T 4
      temporarily produce abnormally elevated plasma T 4 and ETR values, whilst T 3
      increases to the upper limit of the normal range. The relatively moderate
      reaction of the mentioned parameters following the administration of large T 4
      doses can be partly explained by the considerably lower faecal excretion of T 4
      with doses of 250 mug T 4 than with high T 4 doses. There is also an intensive
      binding of T 4 to TBG up to single doses of 1000 mug T 4, which provides an
      adequate metabolic "buffer" and declines only after saturation of the TBG binding
      capacity at higher dosage. Moreover, larger doses of T 4 are metabolized quicker
      than smaller ones. The above-mentioned results allow the following conclusions:
      1. Very large single doses of T 4 (2500 to 3000 mug) are less easily absorbed
      from the gastrointestinal tract than "physiological" doses. 2. The degradation of
      T 4 at high dosage is quicker than at lower dosage. 3. The intensive binding of T
      4 to TBG explains the lack of side effects with large doses of orally
      administered T 4. 4. On the basis of the present data single doses of 500 to 1000
      mug T 4 can be recommended for therapeutic purposes.

PMID- 1221632
TI  - [The detection of hyperlipidaemia during routine preventive medicine
      investigations. Serum lipid values in 3006 viennese adults (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. 3006 adult volunteers (1001 women after an overnight fast of at least 12 hours
      and 2005 women and men, 6 to 8 hours after a light breakfast) were investigated
      in regard to serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, body weight and height.
      2. 73.8% of the men and 75.2% of the women were overweight. The degree of
      overweight increased with increasing age and only decreased in the advanced age
      groups. 3. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol values increased with increasing
      age and showed a decrease in the older groups. 4. Serum triglyceride and
      cholesterol levels increased with increasing weight, also within each single
      decade. 5. 21.7% of the 1001 fasting women showed values for TG over 200 mg/dl
      and/or Chol over 300 mg/dl.

PMID- 1221633
TI  - [Bronchitis and emphysem: which is the primary condition? (author's transl)].
AB  - Chronic obstructive lung disease conprises 2 groups of diseases which have a
      different pathogenesis and require different therapy: 1. Chronic bronchitis with
      secondary emphysema. 2. Primary emphysema complicated by bronchitis. A
      differentiation between these 2 groups of patients is possible on the basis of
      lung function tests except in patients with complications, in whom long-term
      observation is required for clarification of the diagnosis. Separation of these
      conditions is also of importance in epidemiological studies of chronic
      bronchitis.

PMID- 1221634
TI  - [Septic shock with disseminated intravascular coagulation and adrenal failure
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The case is reported of a 15 year-old patient admitted in a state of severe shock
      with disseminated intravascular coagulation, complicated by unilateral adrenal
      failure as demonstrated scintigraphically by the absence of I131-labelled
      cholesterol uptake. Problems arising in the differential diagnosis and
      therapeutic management are discussed.

PMID- 1221635
TI  - [The submaximal ergometric load test in hypertensive patients during physical
      training and treatment with debrisoquin (author's transl)].
AB  - A standardized simple submaximal ergometric load test was used to investigate the
      effects of active physical training combined with physical-balneological therapy
      over a 4-week period in 68 hypertensive patients. The systolic and diastolic
      blood pressure decreased slightly (6 and 4% respectively), without any further
      medication, although the resting heart rate remained virtually unchanged. The
      identical examination regimen was applied to 2 groups of hypertensive patients
      (total 61), who were additionally treated for 3 weeks with respective doses of 30
      mg or 40 mg debrisoquin daily, as a hypotensive agent. This additional treatment
      caused an optimum reduction in blood pressure (14 to 17%) and a decrease in heart
      rate (8 to 15%) at rest and during exercise. In summary, the additional
      pharmacological supporting measure intensifies the beneficial effects of exercise
      treatment in reducing high blood pressure and moreover, in decreasing heart rate
      values at rest and during work performance. The same physical load is performed
      more economically under conditions of lowered myocardial effort and reduced
      oxygen demand.

PMID- 1221636
TI  - [Family physician and emergency medicine].

PMID- 1221638
TI  - [Emergency treatment of mechanical single and multiple injuries of the
      extremities].

PMID- 1221637
TI  - [Injuries of the thorax and abdomen].

PMID- 1221639
TI  - [The skull-brain injury].

PMID- 1221640
TI  - [Emergency treatment in burns].

PMID- 1221641
TI  - [Comatose conditions in metabolic disorders].

PMID- 1221642
TI  - [Symptoms and treatment of frequent acute intoxications].

PMID- 1221643
TI  - [Results of the myocardial infarct registries as a basis for decisions aimed at
      the decrease of early infarct mortality].

PMID- 1221644
TI  - [Responsibility and tasks of the general practitioner and all ambulent care
      physicians in the emergency treatment of acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1221645
TI  - [Forms of organization of the medical care and therapy choices in the prehospital
      phase of acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1221646
TI  - [Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and conservative therapy of acute blood
      circulation disorders].

PMID- 1221647
TI  - [The acute arterial occlusion of the extremities].

PMID- 1221648
TI  - [The apoplexy syndrome].

PMID- 1221649
TI  - [Various questions of organization in preclinical emergency treatment].

PMID- 1221650
TI  - [Immunosuppressive long-term treatment of chronic aggressive hepatitis].
AB  - 47 patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis were immunosuppressively treated on
      the average 33.8 months (daily dose 100 mg azathioprine and 10 mg prednisolone).
      The serochemical parameters thymol, ZnSO4, GOT and GPT statistically
      significantly improved themselves. In 36 patients bioptic controls in 61.1%
      resulted in an improvement, and in 27.8% of the cases they resulted in a
      constancy of the histological findings. 10.6% of the patients died of a liver
      cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Nearly half the patients is capable to work.
      No severe side-effects appeared. The present results correspond to the results
      mentioned in literature. The chronic aggressive hepatitis, furthermore, should be
      added to a prednisone monotherapy or to a combination therapy of azathioprine and
      prednisone.

PMID- 1221651
TI  - [Development of neuroses].
AB  - In internal medicine neuroses are emphasized by physical symptomatology. In the
      contest with the environment the psychic reaction is a regulator for the motor
      and vegetative conditions of action. However, the vegetative emotional reactions
      take place autonomously according to the laws of the instinct behaviour, whereas
      the motor emotional reaction is oppressed and a voluntary motor action regulated
      by thinking is substituted. The coordination disturbance can reach the value of a
      disease. Hereby in detail organic dispositions, environmental damages, wrong
      programmations of the behaviour in form of reflex and primarily psychic faulty
      developments play a role as well as secondary defective psychic developments by
      advantage through disease.

PMID- 1221652
TI  - [Diagnosis of neuroses].
AB  - After exclusion of organic findings a neurosis must be diagnosed positively,
      whereby the temporary connection between load and symptom is insufficient and a
      symptom-specific connection is scarcely to be established so that the positive
      diagnosis of neurosis must establish the proof of a dynamic connection between a
      biographic situation and the appearance of a symptom. From this principles the
      possibility of a simple short exploration for the specialist of different
      disciplines is derived, whereby it is particularly referred to the possibilities
      of screening tests (questionnaire of complaints, questionnaire of behaviour) of
      Hock and Hess. Finally, it is referred to the favourable possibilities which
      exist for the specialist of different disciplines for getting elementary
      knowledge in diagnostics and therapy of neuroses.

PMID- 1221653
TI  - [Therapy of neuroses].
AB  - The therapy of neuroses begins with the creation of a condition of confidence
      between physician and patient. It is followed by a relevant explanation of
      pathophysiologic connections, which must effect the removal of anxiety in the
      patient. A common task leads to the proper process. The use of the various
      therapeutic methods, which are differed as centered to symptoms and centered to
      personality above all depends on the degree of severity of the neurosis. Results
      from the two groups of treatment are reported. The use of autogenic training in
      bronchial asthma, estimated according to the changes of the maximum expiration
      speed and the maximum breathing capacity, as an example of a symptom-centered
      method. As an example of a personality-centered treatment it is reported on a
      complex group psychotherapy in cases of chronic ulcerative colitis in an in
      patient department, estimated according to the frequency of relapses and to the
      capability to work before and after psychotherapy.

PMID- 1221654
TI  - [Experiences with a standardized questionnaire for determination of the
      vegetative lability and certain life and behavior styles in patients of internal
      medicine clinic].
AB  - 180 students without pathological psychic findings, 233 students with psychic
      disturbances, 168 internal patients with vegetative disturbances and 231 patients
      with progressive chronic polyarthritis were interrogated with the VELA
      questionnaire of Fahrenberg and the ENR-questionnaire according to Brengelmann
      and Brengelmann. Compared with the normal group all other groups had
      significantly higher VELA-values. The combination E less than 10, N greater then
      26 was found in students without pathological psychic findings in 2.8%, in
      patients with rheumatism in 7.4%, in internal patients in 21.4% and in students
      with psychic disturbances in 24.1%. With this combination and another one with
      extreme values 5.1% of the comparative group, 9.6% of the patients with somatic
      diseases and approximately 61.4% of the patients with a high number of vegetative
      complaints are suspicious of a psychic disturbance which must be treated.

PMID- 1221655
TI  - [Pathophysiology and clinical aspects of parathyroid hormone].
AB  - In this paper the contemporary knowledge about structure, metabolism, secretion,
      level in blood plasma and diagnostic significance of the parathyroid hormone
      (PTH) is summarized. The difficulties connected with PTH estimations in human
      plasma are especially emphasized.

PMID- 1221656
TI  - [Behavior of lactate and pyruvate as well as lactate/pyruvate quotient in blood
      in human thyroid gland disorders].
AB  - The pyruvate and lactate levels in blood of patients with thyroid diseases were
      investigated and also the lactate/pyruvate ratio. The levels of pyruvate were
      significantly elevated in hyperthyreotic patients in comparison with the
      euthyreotic control group; in hypothyreotic patients the levels were lowered.
      Only in hypothyreotic patients the lactate level was slightly increased. In all
      the three groups the lactate/pyruvate ratio showed highly significant
      differences, in hyperthyreosis decreased, in hypothyreosis increased in
      comparison with normal subjects. In patients suffering from hyperthyreosis as
      well as in cases with euthyreotic goitre we found similar pyruvate levels and
      lactate/pyruvate ratios as in the hyperthyreotic cases. It seems likely to be an
      inexpected effect of the treatment with pure triiodothyronine or
      triiodothyronine/thyroxine in combination.

PMID- 1221657
TI  - [Studies on the behavior of human growth hormone (HGH) level in the preparation
      period for the clinical test].
AB  - Behaviour of human growth hormone (HGH) during preparation for a clinical test.
      172 adults and 63 children were examined for the behaviour of their HGH basic
      values during preparation for a clinical test. Even before the beginning of the
      stimulation itself 11% of the adults and 47,5% of the children showed a
      fluctuation of the HGH levels in the serum. Neglect of these HGH movements
      involves the risk of misinterpretation and thus of false diagnosis. It therefore
      appears to be essential, especially for judging stunted-growth forms in
      childhood, to make tests for "empty stomach" values for the purpose of HGH
      determination at least 30 minutes before and immediately at the beginning of the
      stimulation test. The behaviour of the basic values must be included in the
      assessment of the test.

PMID- 1221658
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of essential obesity and Cushing's syndrome].
AB  - In short a critical attitude is adopted concerning the problem Cushing's
      syndrome, resulting from the publication of Kubel and Schwerdtner [this journal
      30, 282 (1975)]. The differentiation between Cushing's syndrome and adiposity is
      in the first place. Apart from this a basic programme is cited and the value of
      time-saving tests for the patient is emphasized (daily profile of cortisol,
      overnight test).

PMID- 1221659
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of obesity and Cushing's syndrome].

PMID- 1221661
TI  - [Functional scintigraphy of the heart: correlations with cardiological
      parameters].
AB  - According to Zierler's theoretical deduction time activity curves obtained from
      different parts of the central circulation after injection of a bolus of
      radioactivity are dependent on the volume and the flow. We tried to prove this by
      experiments and checked simultaneously the quality of the method developed by us
      using a Gamma Camera and a computer. We correlated the peak to peak time from the
      right to the left ventricle and the mean transit time of the left ventricle with
      the cardiac index and the enddiastolic volume of the left ventricle in patients
      with valvular heart disease. For this purpose patients were selected in whom
      either the cardiac index or the enddiastolic volume of the left ventricle were in
      the normal range. Under these conditions there was a highly significant
      correlation between these parameters. Moreover the mean pressure of the pulmonary
      artery and the mean pulmonary wedge pressure correlated significantly with the
      peak to peak time from the right ventricle to pulmonary artery. This may be
      explained by the correlation between the volume of the pulmonary vascular system
      and its pressures. As expected, there was no correlation between the time
      parameters from the nuclear medicine method and the enddiastolic pressure of the
      left ventricle in patients with valvular heart disease. The results are in good
      agreement with the diagnostic accuracy of the method in recognizing valvular
      heart disease as well as with the correlation between the hemodynamic stage in
      valvular heart disease and the change of the time parameters of the time activity
      curves.

PMID- 1221660
TI  - [Stress tests and coronary angiography in chronic myocardial infarct].
AB  - In patients with myocardial infarction (MI) the presence or absence of lesions in
      vessels other than the one which perfuses the infarcted area, has implications
      regarding coronary bypass surgery, long term anticoagulant therapy, work capacity
      and prognosis. We investigated whether involvement of a 2nd or 3rd vessels as
      demonstrated by coronary angiography can be predicted on the basis of angina
      pectoris and/or ischemic ST-segment depression during exercise. Inferior
      myocardial infarction (IMI, n = 146) Severe lesions (greater than or equal to
      75%) of a 2nd or 3rd vessel were found in 61.7% of patients with IMI, who
      developed angina pectoris and ischemic ST-segment depression, in 18.6% of
      patients with ST-segment depression only, in 9.1% of patients with angina
      pectoris only and in 3.4% with neither angina pectoris nor ST-segment depression.
      Anteroseptal infarction (ASI, n = 116) Severe lesions (greater than or equal to
      75%) of a 2nd or 3rd vessel were found in 30.2% of patients with ASI, who
      developed Angina pectoris and ischemic ST-segment depression; in 26.6% of
      patients with ST-segment depression only, in 20.0% of patients with angina
      pectoris only and in 3.0% of the patients with neither angina pectoris nor ST
      segment depression. The clinical implications of the results are discussed.

PMID- 1221662
TI  - [Hemodynamic evaluation of cardiac insufficiency in the acute stage of myocardial
      infarct].
AB  - In 70 patients hemodynamic controls were preformed during the first 4 days after
      acute myocardial infarction. A sufficient regulation of heart function and the
      circulation at rest was accepted with the following conditions: pulmonary artery
      wedge pressure less than or equal to 13mm Hg, mean right atrial pressure less
      than or equal to 6 mm Hg, mean systemic arterial pressure greater than 70 mm Hg,
      cardiac index greater than 2.51/min/m2 and stroke index greater than 25 ml/m2. In
      88% of the patients with acute myocardial infarction a cardiac failure was
      present at rest. The pressures in the right atrium and left atrium (from wedge
      pressures) were elevated and cardiac output was reduced. The ratio of stroke work
      index/mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure allowed a more precise differentiation
      between a compensated and failing heart (X +/- S = 3.6 +/- 0.7 resp. 1.7 +/- 0.6
      g m/m2 mm Hg). In the average, a significant improvement of the hemodynamic
      alterations, due or not due to therapy, occurred only at the 3rd day or later. In
      the individual case, this improvement points to a favorable prognosis.

PMID- 1221663
TI  - [Does obesity have an effect on heart function?].
AB  - Cardiac performance was studied in 14 obese but otherwise healthy young subjects
      during rest and submaximal ergometric exercise by means of Swan Ganz catheters.
      Cardiac output and stroke volume determined by the thermal dilution method were
      normal or slightly increased during rest rising on exercise in the usual range.
      However, mean pulmonary artery and pulmonary wedge pressures were increased above
      normal values in 50% of the patients during exercise indicating depressed left
      ventricular function. Patients with normal and abnormal hemodynamic response to
      exercise could not be separated by clinical findings. Repetition of studies in 11
      patients following therapeutic starvation of 2-3 weeks duration revealed a
      statistically significant fall of pressures in the right atrium, the pulmonary
      artery and in the pulmonary wedge position during rest and exercise. In the
      majority of patients a moderate reduction in cardiac output and stroke volume
      suggested a decrease in preload due to loss of intravascular volume, but in a few
      instances with unaltered or increased cardiac output improvement of cardiac
      function had to be considered.

PMID- 1221664
TI  - [Transcutaneous measurements of age conditioned changes in the elasticity of the
      human common carotid artery].
AB  - Measurements of common carotid arterial wall properties were done in a group of
      36 test persons who were clinically free of arteriosclerosis obliterans. The
      patients were divided into three groups according to the age: 18-33, 36-52 and 56
      72 years. Diameter and changes in diameter were measured using an ultrasonic echo
      tracking system. Arterial pulse pressure simultaneously was determined by the
      auscultatory method. The deduced parameters of visco-elastic arterial wall
      property as distensibility, volume-eleastic modulus and pulse wave velocity
      indicate that arteries become stiffer with the age. The volume-elastic-modulus
      specially shows a numerical increase of 100% according to the age. An
      interpretation based on morphological investigations as well as the possibility
      using non-invasive methods to recognize an early manifestation of
      arteriosclerosis are discussed.

PMID- 1221665
TI  - [Professional brucellosis and endemic brucellosis in a given area].
AB  - An epidemiological survey was carried out in an area where there is an
      abattoir/canning factory in which a recrudescence of cases of professional
      brucellosis was observed: whilst there had been 29 cases of brucellosis in 8
      years, 10 cases were confirmed in 1970. Our survey had underlined a brucellosis
      endemy in the population of that area: 32.50% of the patients had agglutinating
      or complement-fixing antibodies (698 people were examined). Results obtained have
      brought us to discuss the professional origin of brucellosis.

PMID- 1221666
TI  - [Atypical mycobacteria isolated from ganglions of presumed-healthy bovine and
      swine (author's transl)].
AB  - A study has been carried out to detect the frequency of atypical mycobacteria in
      ganglions belonging to two types of animals: bovine and swine. A total of 250
      samples (150 cows and 100 pigs) were studied. The samples were decontaminated by
      the lauryl-sulfate technique, using two mycobacteria culture media: Lowenstein
      Jensen and Coletsos base. 14 pig ganglion strains were isolated (8 M. avium; 3 M.
      gordonae; 2 M. fortuitum; 1 M. chelonei) and 13 from the cow samples (5 M. avium,
      3 M. Kansasii; 2 M. gordonae; 2 M. fortuitum; 1 M. phlei). The most frequently
      isolated mycobacteria was M. avium (48.14% of total isolated strains). This study
      confirms the possible importance of these animals in the epidemiology of
      mycobacteriosis.

PMID- 1221667
TI  - [Cranial traumatism following a fall in children under 4 years of age (author's
      transl)].
AB  - This survey was carried out on 706 cases chosen at random, of cranial traumatism
      following a fall in children under 4; it underlines the fact that in most cases
      there is a favourable evolution. However, complications may always occur, even in
      apparently slight accidents. A clinical examination, although difficult to carry
      out, reveals important information for the detection and treatment of
      complications, which are mainly intracranial collections which are not always
      immediately detectable; this entails a constant observation for at least one
      week. Complementary tests give information which must be interpreted according to
      clinical situation.

PMID- 1221669
TI  - [Antibiotic resistance plasmids in Salmonella; ecology and epidemiology about one
      pattern: Salmonella panama (author's transl)].
AB  - A systematical investigation on Salmonella has been carried out in sewage and
      waste water treatment plant effluents. Antibiotic resistance then resistance
      transfert study make evident the plasmid interference. From Salmonella panama,
      studies have been attempted to file and to identify resistance plasmids of this
      very diffused serotype. Epidemiological consequences of this classification are
      discussed.

PMID- 1221668
TI  - [Prevalence of Australia antigen among children in rural populations of Senegal
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The 8 villages surveyed in the operational zone of Niarhar (Sine, Senegal,
      Africa) involved 1,182 children aged 0-14 years. 11.2% of these children showed a
      positive HB antigenaemia. The percentage of prevalence which was already high in
      the 0-1 year-old group (5.7%) increased progressively, attaining the maximum of
      13.5% in the 5-9-year-old age group. The current theory that a higher frequency
      of HB antigenaemia is found among boys was confirmed, but there is no evidence
      that this "androtropism" is related only to sex. The rates of total prevalence
      vary from 7.1% to 16% according to the geographical regions. It was not possible
      to prove the existence of a possible relation between the different levels of
      prevalence on the one hand, and on the other hand the geographical position,
      size, structure, social and economic typology of the villages and the anopheline
      activity.

PMID- 1221670
TI  - [Automated multiphasic health testing (A.M.H.T.) in U.S.A. (author's transl)].
AB  - The functioning of two Automated Multiphasic Health Testing Centers in the United
      States is described. One is located in the U.S. Public Health Service Hospital in
      Baltimore, the other in the Kaiser Foundation Hospital in Oakland. Many tests
      performed are identical in both centers with a large use of computers technics.
      The goal of health testing is the detection of diseases, early signs of disease
      and risk factors evaluation. A considerable effort is made for health education
      which is one of the best preventive measure.

PMID- 1221671
TI  - [Zinc concentration in serum and blood of lactating cows in experimental zinc
      deficiency and zinc repletion. 13. Zinc metabolism in the animal organism].

PMID- 1221672
TI  - Is it possible to change profoundly the fat content and the fatty acid
      composition of cows' milk by nutrition?

PMID- 1221673
TI  - Sindbis virus infected L cells studied by ferritin-labelled antibodies.
AB  - Sindbis virus infected L cells were examined by immunoferritin technique at
      different times after infection. Initially virus-specific antigens appeared
      diffusely distributed in the cytoplasm and at the surface of vacuoles. Later on,
      both labelled nucleocapsids surrounding vacuoles and mature virus within their
      lumen were demonstrated. Maturation of virus occurred predominantly at the
      periphery of cells, and that mainly by budding from cell processes. The
      appearance of big crystals consisting of nucleocapsids is a typical event of late
      stages of infection. These findings are compared with corresponding fluorescent
      antibody results.

PMID- 1221674
TI  - Lipoproteinase of group A streptococci and the antibodies in human sera.
AB  - The possibility of revealing lipoproteinase (serum opacity factor--OF) in
      hydrochloric and alkaline extracts from streptococcal cultures and the
      possibility of concentration and purification of this enzyme by means of gel
      filtration and ion-exchange chromatography have been confirmed. When studying
      antibodies to OF in the blood of healthy and sick people, we were able both to
      reveal and to determine the titre of antibodies to OF of different serological M
      types (2, 4, 22/12, 22 and 49) in the sera under study (170 sera from the same
      number of persons). In groups of healthy people, anti-OF antibodies were shown to
      be present with a high frequency as well as in patients. But the titres of
      antibodies in the former were lower than in the latter. Most sera (32%)
      neutralized OF of one serological type and only 3% all types of enzymes used. The
      type-specificity of the anti-OF antibodies was shown. The data obtained are yet
      insufficient for epidemiological or clinical analysis but they point out the
      possibility of using the anti-OF test for these purposes.

PMID- 1221675
TI  - Biochemical, immunochemical and immunobiological properties of a chloramphenicol
      resistant Salmonella typhi strain isolated in Mexico.
AB  - The authors have compared the biochemical, immunochemical and immunobiological
      properties of a chloramphenicol-resistant S. typhi strain isolated during the
      typhoid fever epidemic in Mexico of 1972 and those of a chloramphenicol-sensitive
      strain (S. typhi Ty2). They have found no difference in the chemical composition
      of the two strains. The immunobiological investigations have shown, that the
      chloramphenicol-resistant strain contains less Vi antigen, it is less virulent on
      mice, and its active and passive mouse-protective ability is lower than that of
      the chloramphenicol-sensitive S. typhi Ty2 strain. These findings supported by
      the result of the electrophoretic analysis suggest that the chloramphenicol
      resistant strain is a VW strain, while the chloramphenicol-sensitive strain is a
      full V strain; the quantitative difference found between the immunogenicity of
      the two strains to the advantage of the chloramphenicol-sensitive strain may
      probably be explained by this fact. On the basis of their immunological
      investigations the authors are of the opinion, that vaccines prepared from
      chloramphenicol-sensitive S. typhi strains (provided these are full V strains, as
      e.g. the S. typhi Ty2 strain) will protect most likely also man against infection
      due to chloramphenicol-resistant S. typhi strains.

PMID- 1221677
TI  - Salmonellae with antibiotic resistance and R plasmids in Danube River.
AB  - Incidence of antibiotic resistance and of R plasmids and its dynamics was
      investigated in 1084 Salmonella strains isolated in the Danube River on
      Czechoslovak territory in recent years. From 261 strains belonging to various
      serotypes of Salmonella isolated at various sampling sites along the Danube in
      June 1972 to June 1973, 31 strains were found to be resistant to antibiotics and
      24 (77.2%) carried R plasmids. The influence of waste waters from large cities
      (Vienna, Bratislava) in this respect was striking. No correlation was found
      between the frequency of occurence of resistant Salmonellae and the season of
      year. The results from the season 1972 to 1973 were compared with those obtained
      in 823 stock cultures of Salmonellae isolated from the Danube in 1967-68 and in
      1969. The increase of incidence of antibiotic resistance and particularly of R
      plasmids in Salmonella strains from the Danube up to 1973 is striking.

PMID- 1221676
TI  - Immunochemical studies on purified common enterobacterial antigen (KUNIN).
AB  - A common antigen (KUNIN) purification method is described. The preparation
      obtained was highly antigenic, as proved by hemagglutination and its inhibition,
      and immunogenic in rabbits. Chemical analysis demonstrated the presence of an L
      phosphoglycerid of the cephalin type, of protein, glucosamine, acetyl and
      glucose. The antigen had the character of an acidic polymer. It readily forms
      salt linkages with lysozyme. Phospholipase A induced the release of myristic,
      palmitic and stearic acids. It also destroyed both the antigenicity and
      immunogenicity of common antigen.

PMID- 1221678
TI  - [Expansion phenomena of Proteus cultures. I. The swarming expansion (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The expansion of Proteus cultures on nutrient agar plates is in general
      attributed to negative chemotaxis with regard to a metabolic product of the
      culture itself. The initial latency of several hours is assumed to be the time
      necessary for the production and imbibition of the nutrient with the incriminated
      metabolite. In the present paper it will be shown that independent of this
      delayed expansion (expansion with initial latency) there also exists an immediate
      expansion that takes place when the seeded material is young (less than 12-24
      hours) and rich in invasive filaments. The reaction also occurs after washing the
      seeded material in fresh broth. It is therefore independent of the presence of a
      metabolite whose production and diffusion in the nutrient substrate would have
      necessitated some time. It is not a question of reaction to a chemical substance
      but, as demonstrated experimentally, of a response to tactile stimuli. Marked
      thigmotaxis induced centrifugal penetration of invading filaments at the edge of
      the seeded droplet, between the superficial film of the suspension fluid and the
      surface of the nutrient agar. Heading towards the narrowest capillary spaces,
      groups of bacilli form, immediately after seeding, protrusions that emboss the
      outer contour of the droplet ("protuberances" Fig. 2, 3, 15). These protuberances
      continue outwards until they detach themselves from the central agglomeration.
      The independent bacterial "shoals" (Fig. 5, 6, 10) swarm chaotically around the
      seeded droplet. The total lack of orientation has been checked by numerous
      procedures used for recording the direction of a movement; one of this consists
      in recording the pathways in a latex film on agar plates (Fig. 1). This swarming
      phase may last 15 to 30 minutes. As the random movements in a contrary direction
      compensate one another, the chaotic migration of the microbial shoals would
      contribute little to expansion of the colony, if gradual disruption of the
      bacterial groups would not interfere in the meantime. Isolated individuals
      detached from the shoals become immobile from the moment in which they separate
      from the bacterial group they belonged to ("immunobilization reaction").
      Therefore the migrating shoals function as organs of dissemination of the
      bacteria in the surrounding medium (Fig. 11). (see article).

PMID- 1221679
TI  - Further studies on the behavior of 2-mercaptoethanol resistant antibody following
      cholera vaccinations in a nonendemic country.
AB  - Additional data are presented in support of the earlier observation that in
      nonendemic countries 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) resistant vibriocidal antibodies
      better reflect antibacterial immunity against cholera following vaccination than
      does total vibriocidal activity. It can be shown that in more than half of the
      cases even after at least three subsequent vaccinations in six to eight months
      intervals 2-ME resistant vibriocidins would not last as long as six months.
      Following intradermal inocculations of vaccine only one in a group of five
      demonstrated faint 2-ME resistant antibody response. All sera were tested with
      and without dialysis following 2-ME treatment revealing corresponding results.

PMID- 1221680
TI  - [Bacteriocins of Clostridium septicum (author's transl)].
AB  - 17 strains of Clostridium septicum were examined for bacteriocin production. Two
      bacteriocin-producing strains were detected by the stab culture method and the
      spot test using the supernatant fluids of the cultures. The bacteriocin of Cl.
      septicum Ovinus was active against all other strains of Cl. septicum without
      inhibiting the donro strain (Table 2). This bacteriocin and one indicator strain
      (Wex) were chosen for further study. The bacteriocin, which was spontaneously
      produced during the logarithmic growth phase of the bacteriocinogenic strain
      Ovinus (Fig. 1) was not inducible with high temperatures or Mitomycin C. It was
      resistent to chloroform, but sensitive to heat (Fig. 4, 5) and proteolytic
      enzymes (Table 4). Its MG is about 20000 (Fig. 3).

PMID- 1221681
TI  - A suitable medium for the cultivation of halophilic leptospirae.
AB  - Cultural studies were carried out on halophilic Leptospirae to find a medium
      permitting their optimal growth and being easily reproducible. Tween 80 albumin
      medium enriched with artificial sea water shows these characteristics.

PMID- 1221682
TI  - A simple method for separating toxoplasma gondii from infected mouse peritoneal
      exudate cells.
AB  - A simple method for separating Toxoplasma trophozoites from the peritoneal
      exudate cells of infected mice by filtration through filter paper is described.
      Using this technique peritoneal exudate cells in excess of 90% could be removed.

PMID- 1221683
TI  - [Ten new monophasic serotypes of Salmonella subgenus I and two serological
      variants of monophasic types (author's transl)].
AB  - The paper reports on 10 new monophasic serotypes of Salmonella and 2 serological
      variants which were isolated from stool specimens of healthy persons in
      epidemiological studies in Togo (West Africa). All strains belong to subgenus I
      of the genus Salmonella. (see article).

PMID- 1221684
TI  - Comparative study of the prevalence of mycoplasma in males with non specific
      urethritis.
AB  - Three groups of males were examined for the study of Mycoplasma in the aetiology
      of Non-specific Urethritis. From a group of 120 men suffering from N.S.U. (group
      I) have been isolated from the genital tract "large-colony" and T-strain
      mycoplasma in proportion 22.5% and 68.3% respectively. Socially this group
      represent the lower classes of the population. From another group of 165 male
      students suffering also from N.S.U. (group II) have been isolated from the
      genital tract "large-colony" and T-strain mycoplasma in proportion 25.4% and
      58.1% respectively. This group was of higher social and hygienic standards. In
      contrast in a control group of 70 medical students without urethritis the range
      was for the "large-colony" 8.5% only and for the T-strain 21.4%. Socially, this
      group corresponded closely to the Group II. In this study a significant
      association of T-strain mycoplasma with N.S.U. has been found. Urethral specimens
      were obtained from all the men by the same method. No statistically significant
      difference in the isolation rate of Mycoplasma was seen, between Group I which
      represents a relatively low social and hygienic level and Group II which
      represents higher social and hygienic standards. It is interesting to note that
      the percentage of control healthy group (group III) yielding T-strain mycoplasma
      was lower and no similar to that recorded in previous investigations.

PMID- 1221685
TI  - [The expediency and feasibility of abolishing the use of antitetanus serum for
      injuries in the Arkhangel'sk region].
AB  - The use of antitetanus serum (ATS) in the north taiga soil-vegetative zone and
      farther to the north is inexpedient because of an insignificant contamination of
      soil with B. tetani and a trivial contact of the population with soil. In the
      Arkhangelsk region with a high incidence of trauma and a low tetanus morbidity
      the damage caused to the population by the administration of ATS in the form of
      serum sickness (1.1% of the persons given ATS injections) and anaphylactic shock
      considerably exceeded the value of negative results of the infection. In the
      presence of immune population (over 86% of the children and 82% of adults are
      immune) and with additional vaccination of definite groups it is not only
      possible, but necessary to suspend ATS injections in trauma; instead, 0.5 ml of
      tetanus toxoid should be used for revaccination. Suspension of ATS application in
      trauma gives marked economy of the budget of the public health of the region.

PMID- 1221686
TI  - [The intensity of immunity to scarlet fever in children in different
      epidemiologic situations].

PMID- 1221687
TI  - [A dry erythrocyte diagnosticum for the passive hemagglutination test and tha
      antibody neutralization test in brucellosis].

PMID- 1221688
TI  - [Classification and nomenclature of Large--Sachs dysentery bacteria].

PMID- 1221689
TI  - [A morphologic analysis in changes in hypothalamic neurosecretion in immunized
      animals].

PMID- 1221690
TI  - [Proportion and intensity parameters of the incidence of acute respiratory
      infections during influenza epidemic and interepidemic periods].

PMID- 1221692
TI  - [Pedagogic ruminations. VI. Classification. Basic principles of prevention].

PMID- 1221691
TI  - [Antibiotic sanation of adult carriers of toxigenic diphtheria microbes].

PMID- 1221693
TI  - [Bacteriocinogenesis by Lactobacillus salivarius, L. jugurti, L. helveticus and
      L. lactis].

PMID- 1221694
TI  - [Clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of Omsk hemorrhagic fever].

PMID- 1221695
TI  - [The effect of zymosan polysaccharide on allergic reactions].

PMID- 1221696
TI  - [NV-antigenemia in children with serum hepatitis].

PMID- 1221698
TI  - [An epidemiologic and immunologic study of measles under conditions of massive
      immunization against that infection].
AB  - Massive measles immunization in Riga led to a marked reduction of measles
      incidence and to a change of the principal regularities of the epidemic process
      in this infection. Among those who contracted the disease there was an increase
      in the percentage of schoolchildren; affection with measles of children attending
      creches and kindergartens and the intensity of the spread of the infection in
      them diminished. Selective examination of the immunological efficacy of the
      living measles vaccine prepared of the (see article) and applied in 1967--1972
      demonstrated the presence of specific stimulation of the antibody formation in
      about 90% of the persons vaccinated. The intensity of humoral immunity in the
      persons vaccinated did not diminish with the advance of time after the
      vaccination, and 6--7 years after the vaccination over 90% of the vaccinated
      individuals were reliably protected from measles. The presence of numerous
      negative results in carrying out the vaccinations in individual institutions is
      apparently attributed chiefly to disturbances of the storage regimen of
      transportation and of the use of the vaccine.

PMID- 1221697
TI  - [The dynamics of serum immunoglobulins in complicated and uncomplicated acute
      respiratory viral infections in children].

PMID- 1221699
TI  - [Analysis of the scientific-methodologic basis for vaccine standardization using
      cholerogen-toxoid as a model].
AB  - The author discusses methodical principles of the vaccine standardization on the
      basis of experience in the standardization of the cholerogen-toxoid, a
      principally new vaccine preparation for the immunoprophylaxis of cholera. The
      author substantiated the statement according to which the following should serve
      as the task of primary importance in the program of investigations: elaboration
      of a system laboratory-immunological methods for the measurement of properties
      and quality of preparation, and primarily of its efficacy, strictly adequate to
      the biological nature of the vaccine (correct), highly-reproducable and of a high
      informative value. Data are presented proving the fact that without solving the
      problem of standardization of the vaccine it is practically impossible to lay
      scientific foundation under the choice of the optimal vaccination doses, under
      the immunization scheme, and introduction into the association with other
      preparations etc. At the same time it is emphasized that the absence of the
      system of measurement of the properties responsible for the biological activity
      of the vaccine also excludes a possibility of successive improvement of the
      technology of its production.

PMID- 1221700
TI  - [The action of acridine derivatives on penicillinase production by staphylococcus
      aureus].
AB  - A study was made of a possibility of inhibition of biosynthesis of penicillinase
      in Staph. aureus by acridine derivatives. Acetone preparations of penicillinase
      were obtained from the cultures of staphylococcus strains 16/160 and 8325
      (p11(147) pen 1220) grown in the presence of various subbacterial concentrations
      of acridine derivatives. The activity of the enzyme was studied in experiment and
      control by the microiodometric method. Acriflavine and proflavine inhibited the
      penicillinase biosynthesis from the 4th hour of growth, and rivanol, acrichine,
      acridines No. 27 and 37--from the 12th hour of the culture growth.

PMID- 1221701
TI  - [Resistance of different strains of pathogenic staphylococcus to unfavorable
      environmental factors].
AB  - A study was made of the resistance to drying the UV-irradiation, the action of
      furacillin and chloramine displayed by 60 stains of S. aureus differing by origin
      (hospital and extrahospital), by the source of discharge (the upper respiratory
      tracts of carriers and the discharge of the purulent-inflammatory foci of
      surgical patients), relation to the antibiotics (polyresistant and sensitive) and
      phage-group reference. It was found that the resistance of staphylococci to the
      unfavourable factors was not always associated with the listed signs of the
      strains. In respect to drying a marked resistance was expressed by the hospital
      strains in comparison with the extrahospital ones, polyresistant in comparison
      with the sensitive ones, staphylococci of III and I+III phage groups in
      comparison with the strains of other bacteriophage groups. Strains of the III
      phage group proved to be the most resistant to the UV-irradiation. Strains
      isolated from carriers were more resistant to furacillin than staphylococci
      isolated from the purulent-inflammatory foci. Strains of the III phage group and
      nontyping had analogous advantages over the cultures of other phage groups.

PMID- 1221703
TI  - [Formation of spontaneous and immune rosettes by the cells of the thymus and
      other formations of the rabbit lymphoid system].
AB  - Only T1--RFC (rosette-forming cells) are revealed in the thymus of nonimmunized
      rabbits. Their number is 2--2.5 times less than in the palatine tonsils,
      submaxillary lymph nodes and the spleen. T2--RFC are present in these lymphoid
      formations. There is an increase in the T1--RFC in the thymus after the
      intravenous immunization of rabbits with sheep erythrocytes. In other lymphoid
      formations the correlation of the population of cells of the thymus origin
      altered as a result of increase in the number of T2--RFC. B--RFC accumulated in
      considerable amounts. Dynamics of T2 and B--RFC accumulation in the lymphoid
      formations corresponded to the highest antibody titres in the rabbit blood. In
      the formation of primary immune response the amount of the T1 and T2-RFC in the
      formations of rabbit lymphoid system depended on the dose of the antigen.

PMID- 1221702
TI  - [The role of the carotenoid pigments of staphylococcus in the response of cells
      to temperature changes].
AB  - A study was made of the reaction of the membranous apparatus of the pigmented
      strains of staphylococcus 209-P and its four apigmented variants to the action of
      various temperatures measured by the exit from the cells of the low molecular
      components. Permeability of the cell membranes in case of the action of the
      extreme temperatures of the 209-P strain altered much more than that of the
      apigment variants. It is supposed that the carotinoid pigments of the apathogenic
      staphylococci took part in the formation of functional lability of the bacterial
      membranes.

PMID- 1221704
TI  - [Formation of secretory antibodies in experimental influenza infection].
AB  - The principal peculiarities attending formation of specific secretory immunity in
      experimental influenza infection were marked individual variability and a
      relative autonomicity of accumulation of the secretory antibodies. Functional
      condition of the secretory immunity before the infection influenced the formation
      of antibodies in the secretions and the blood sera: when the concentration of the
      secretory antibodies before the infection constituted 1 : 8--1 : 16, general and
      secretory antibodies accumulated less intensively. There was a progressive fall
      of the concentration of the secretory immunoglobulin A in the majority of the
      volunteers the first 3 weeks after the infection. It is supposed that this
      process played a significant role in the pathogenesis of influenza complications.

PMID- 1221705
TI  - [Immunoglobulins and staphylococcal antitoxin in the sera of patients subjected
      to surgery for acute appendicitis].
AB  - The content of staphylococcus antitoxin and IgA, IgG and IgM was studied in the
      sera of 200 patients operated on for various forms of acute appendicitis. 147
      patients were subjected to express-immunization with a crude staphylococcus
      toxoid. It was revealed that the IgA, IgG and IgM level was much lower in the
      operated on patients than in healthy persons. Express immunization with the
      toxoid led to a marked increase in the level of staphylococcus antitoxin and also
      of the IgA, IgG, IgM in the sera of the vaccinated persons. There was no distinct
      association between the immunoglobulin content in the sera of the patients and
      the appearance in them of postoperative complications of staphylococcus etiology;
      it is not excluded, however, that an intensified IgM synthesis could play a
      certain role in the protection of the macroorganism from staphylococcus
      infection. A moderate, but statistically significant correlation between the
      titre of the staphylococcus antitoxin in the sera of the patients and the content
      of the IgM and IgA in them was revealed.

PMID- 1221706
TI  - [Incidence of epidemic parotitis in different countries].
AB  - The authors analyzed the incidence of epidemic parotitis in various countries in
      1960--1969 on the basis of the data published by the WHO. It can be supposed that
      there was no significant difference in the morbidity in various countries and
      that discrepancy in the official data of individual countries was apparently
      caused by the errors in recording. In the majority of the countries morbidity
      curve was fluctuating in character with a 4--5-year periodicity. In the countries
      of the northern hemisphere the greatest number of cases occurred in spring, and
      in the southern--in autumn. Monthly distribution of cases during the years with a
      high and low morbidity level displayed no significant changes.

PMID- 1221707
TI  - [New methods of disinfecting the hands].
AB  - An equimolar mixture--9.6 g of 85% formic acid and 19 g of 30% hydrogen peroxide
      which after 60-minute contact at room temperature contained over 3% and after 120
      minute contact--over 5% performic acid was used. Before use the mentioned mixture
      was diluted with water (to the volume of 1 litre). Exposure period--3 minutes.
      Comparative tests demonstrated that a mixture with performic acid in hand
      disinfection provided somewhat better results than 0.2% peracetic acid, and that
      both peracids produced a much stronger disinfecting action on the skin microbial
      flora than 80% methyl alcohol.

PMID- 1221708
TI  - [L-forms of bacteria in the urine of patients with chronic pyelonephritis].
AB  - The authors present the data concerning the study of 200 patients suffering from
      chronic pyelonephritis; in 28 of these L-forms of bacteria were revealed in the
      urine. Of 46 L-cultures isolated from these patients 13 reversed into bacterial
      forms, 8 failed to reverse and were referred to the stable L-forms; the rest 25 L
      cultures perished during the 8th--10th passage. This led to a supposition that
      the relapses and exacerbations of the infectious process in pyelonephritis were
      associated with the change of the L-forms into bacterial ones, and that the
      persistence of the L-forms in the kidney tissue promoted the maintenance of the
      chronic process.

PMID- 1221709
TI  - [Improvement of the serological diagnosis of food poisoning].
AB  - A possibility was shown of improvement of serological diagnosis of salmonelloses
      with the aid of polyvalent (complex) and group salmonellosis stable formalinized
      erythrocytic diagnostic agents. The use of the mentioned preparations for
      titration of antibodies of different immunochemical nature in the sera of
      patients suffering from food toxicoinfections permitted to confirm the clinical
      diagnosis of salmonellosis in about 30% of cases.

PMID- 1221710
TI  - [Relation between the state of immunity and allergy].

PMID- 1221711
TI  - [Characteristics of the bacterial component in the dynamics of the infectious
      process in experimental pseudotuberculosis].
AB  - A model of experimental pseudotuberculosis caused by the administration to albino
      mice of virulent local pseudotuberculosis strains was used to study migration of
      the causative agent into the macroorganism and its tropism. Experimental results
      permitted to establish a number of regularities attending bacterial spread. The
      infectious process in pseudotuberculosis began from invasion of the causative
      agent into the intestinal wall and the subsequent initial bacterial reproduction
      at the site of invasion and penetration from the intestine into the regional
      mesenteric lymph nodes. This was followed by rapid reproduction of the microbes
      in these nodes and contamination of all the organs. With comparatively low doses
      of the causative agent administered and adequate resistance of mice the
      infectious process could either stop at the phase of regional infection with
      regression, or, following hematogenic dissemination, pass into the phase of
      decline and terminate by animal recovery. Administration of massive doses of the
      virulent culture led to a septicemic process and death. Experimental data
      concerning the localization of the microbe in the macroorganism at various phases
      of the infectious process confirmed the enterotropic character of the
      pseudotuberculosis causative agent.

PMID- 1221712
TI  - [Tin-organic compounds and their biocidal properties].
AB  - The authors studied the disinfecting action of the vapour of tributyltin oxide in
      the aerosol chamber and came to the conclusion that the tin-organic compounds
      possessed a wide buicidal action, still inadequately used in practice. The
      mentioned vapour served as a disinfectant only in the presence of water vapour.
      Tribytyltin oxide (0.15% concentration) displayed an ovicidal action on the ova
      of Ascaris suum. Tributyltin laurate produced a good insecticidal effect on Musca
      domestica.

PMID- 1221714
TI  - [Prevention of wide dissemination of diphtheria bacilli in children's centers].

PMID- 1221713
TI  - [Improvement of methods of control of the harmlessness of whooping-cough and DPT
      vaccines].

PMID- 1221715
TI  - [State of immunity in vaccination against measles under conditions of limited
      circulation of the "wild" virus].

PMID- 1221716
TI  - [Etiology of acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory organs in children].

PMID- 1221717
TI  - [Study of the phosphatide antigens of Corynebacteria. Report 4. Mechanism of
      interaction of phosphatides and erythrocytes during the process of
      hemosensitization].

PMID- 1221718
TI  - [Detection of antibacterial type-specific antibodies in diphtheria infection in
      the reaction of passive hemagglutination].

PMID- 1221719
TI  - [Experimental study of the effectiveness of combined immunization against Q fever
      with living and killed vaccines].

PMID- 1221720
TI  - [Specificity of the tuberculin reaction].

PMID- 1221721
TI  - [Possibility of using preservatives and media enrichment for the simultaneous
      isolation of vibrios, Shigella and Salmonella].

PMID- 1221722
TI  - [Systematization of factors conditioning the relation between susceptibility to
      infectious diseases and the antigenic polymorphism of human blood groups].

PMID- 1221723
TI  - [Design of new types of chemical vaccines for the prevention of intestinal
      infections and problems of their qualitative evaluation. Report 2. Immunochemical
      characteristics of the experimental preparations].
AB  - A study was made of chemical composition and immunochemical properties of 36
      samples of the antigenic preparations from typhoid, paratyphoid (A and B) and
      dysentery (Flexner and Sonne) cultures obtained at the Leningrad, Moscow and
      Tashkent Institutes of Vaccine and Sera by various methods. The preparations
      isolated by the method of tryptic proteolysis had a polysaccharide-protein
      nature, and preparations isolated by the action of chemical reagents
      (hydroxylamine, hydrogen peroxide, detergents) -- a protein-polysaccharide one.
      The former contained more nucleic acids, this indicating the presence of
      components of cytoplasmic and nuclear origin. The preparations were characterized
      by molecular heterogeneity and contained high- and low-molecular components. The
      preparations had complex antigenic spectra by the immunodiffusion data; the
      preparations obtained had complex antigenic spectra by the immunodiffusion data;
      the preparations obtained had complex antigenic spectra by the immunodiffusion
      data; the preparations obtained by different method displayed identity reactions,
      and group specificity was expressed in some of them.

PMID- 1221724
TI  - [Immunochemical study of the toxin of C1. botulinum type E].
AB  - Toxins extracted from the cells and the culture fluid of C1. butulinum type E had
      a similar mol wt and antigenic composition. Trypsin activation led to the
      appearance of an additional antigen. Coefficient of the cell toxin activation was
      much greater than the coefficient of activation of the toxin contained in the
      culture fluid.

PMID- 1221725
TI  - [Serological activity of incomplete antibodies].
AB  - Blood sera containing incomplete antibodies were studied in various serological
      tests, by the results of Coombs' and the inhibition of complement fixation tests.
      It was shown that division of antibodies into complete and incomplete by their
      serological activity was conditioned. Antibodies detected in Coombs' test could
      fix the complement. The blocking antibodies depressing the complement fixation
      test could fix the homologous complement. Proceeding from the latter the author
      suggests the test of the conglutinating complex fixation which proved to be
      effective in detection of antibodies inactive in the agglutination and complement
      fixation tests.

PMID- 1221726
TI  - [Influence of the serum of rats subjected to the effects of moderately high
      temperatures on the immunogenicity of sheep erythrocytes].
AB  - A study was made of the properties of the blood of rats subjected to the action
      of a moderately high external temperature (40 degrees C); it was shown that the
      immunogenicity of sheep erythrocytes increased as a result of treatment with the
      serum at 37 degrees C. Preliminary incubation of the sera with a polyvalent
      proteinase inhibitor -- trasilol eliminated this effect completely.
      Immunogenicity of sheep erythrocytes did not increase with the treatment by the
      serum at a temperature of 2 degrees C. It can be supposed that the action of the
      serum of the heated rats was caused by an increase in them of the proteinase
      activity.

PMID- 1221728
TI  - [Local shwartzman phenomenon in animals with a complete absence and a reduction
      of the normal microflora].
AB  - Macro- and microscopic changes were studied in case of reproduction of the local
      Schwartzmann phenomenon in animals with various extent of bioisolation. It was
      revealed that the Schwartzmann phenomenon was positive in the usual animals and
      negative in the germ-free guinea pigs and in the animals with reduced enteric
      microbial flora given sterile diet. In the absence of microscopic changes in the
      germ-free animals there was revealed in their skin a neutrophilic-mononuclear
      infiltration of the derma, dilatation of the vessels, thrombosis of individual
      vessels. Apart from the same changes in guinea pigs with a reduced microbial
      flora, there were found focal extravasation and thrombosis of a somewhat greater
      number of vessels. There was no marked thromboses of small branches of the
      vessels, extensive hemorrhages or necroses which usually accompanied positive
      Schwartzmann phenomenon.

PMID- 1221727
TI  - [Use of the RSP-1M device in practice for the aerosol immunization of humans with
      dry plague vaccine].
AB  - Creating high concentrations of dry vaccine aerosols, RSP-1M pulverizer provides
      aspiration doses adequate for effective immunization against plague. Aerosol of
      dry plague vaccine obtained with the aid of RSP-1M was polydispersive; this
      provides distribution of the preparation along the whole respiratory tract (in
      man) and its low reactogenic properties.

PMID- 1221729
TI  - [Interaction of cells of the lymphoid organs in the production of antibodies
      against the influenza virus. Report 1. Localization of the virus in the cells of
      the spleen].
AB  - A study was made of localization of crude and inactivated influenza virus
      injected intravenously and intraperitoneally. Macrophages were found to engulf
      the virus penetrating into the spleen; this was shown by the quantitative and
      qualitative immunofluorescent method, elcetron microscopy and inoculation to
      syngenous recipients of homogenates of macrophagal and lymphocytic fractions of
      splenic cells. No virus was revealed in the lymphocytes.

PMID- 1221730
TI  - [Influence of the recA- mutation on spontaneous filamentation and the titer of
      the lambda phage in ylonB- mutants of E. coli K12 (lambda)].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of recA- mutation on the spontaneous filament
      formation and the spontaneous induction of the lambda prophage in the E. coli K12
      strain bearing lonB- mutation. It was revealed that in the absence of a
      functionally-active product of the recA- gene the lonB- strain of E. coli K12
      displayed but a partial depression of spontaneous formation of filamentous forms
      and of spontaneous induction of the lambda prophage.

PMID- 1221731
TI  - [Molecular aspects of the interaction between albumin and tannin-treated
      erythrocytes in the process of hemosensitization. Report 1. Stable and unstable
      effects. Quantitative parameters].
AB  - A study was made of the process of interaction between the tannin-treated sheep
      erythrocytes and the human serum albumin. Protein binding increased, whereas the
      loose/stable binding ratio decreased with the rise of the initial protein
      concentration. The process of stable albumin binding is described by the Langmour
      equation, this permitting to assess the limiting binding values -- about 6-10(5)
      molecules per erythrocyte. Albumin molecules were bound by erythrocyte with their
      greatest surface. At any concentration albumin was incapable of occupying more
      than 85% of the erythrocyte surface; at 90% binding level it blocked only 51--52%
      of the tannin-treated erythrocyte. The data obtained were regarded as a
      methodical basis for the preparation of erythrocytic diagnostic agents with the
      proteins of albumin type.

PMID- 1221732
TI  - Modified microassay for the rapid and sensitive determination of choline
      acetyltransferase activity using (3H)-acetyl-CoA and Fonnum's extraction.
AB  - A modified procedure for the quantitative estimation of choline acetyltransferase
      activity in brain tissue based upon the formation of [3H]-ACh from [3H]-acetyl
      CoA is described. The labelled ACh is isolated by a modification of Fonnum's
      procedure using sodium tetraphenyl borate in ketonic solution. The ChAc-activity
      is independent on the specific activity of the [3H]-acetyl-CoA used. The
      substrate blank is higher than with [14C]-labelled substrate but highly stable
      and reproducible. The method permits the determination of ChAc activity in less
      than 5 mug of brain tissue. 30-40 samples may be handled by one person per hour
      easily.

PMID- 1221733
TI  - [Reliable micromethod for determination of the protein content in tissue
      homogenates].
AB  - A micromodification for protein determination in tissue material using Amido
      black 10 B is described. Compared with the method of LOWRY et al. it requires a
      comparable time expenditure, but has three principal advantages: 1) it is 5
      10fold more sensitive; 2) the calibration curve is linear over a virtually
      unlimited range; 3) it is feasible in the presence of a number of substances
      frequently used in protein analyses and making difficult or impossible
      measurement according to LOWRY et al.

PMID- 1221734
TI  - Effect of triiodothyronine on blood lipids in obesity.
AB  - Different blood lipid components were evaluated in obese and normal Egyptians. In
      obese, plasma levels of total lipoproteins, beta-lipoprotein, total cholesterol,
      triglycerides, and non-esterified fatty acids were found to be significantly
      elevated. The plasma levels of esterified cholesterol and phospholipids were
      found to be significantly reduced. Tertroxine caused a drop of the plasma level
      of total lipoproteins, beta lipoproteins and total cholesterol and rise of plasma
      level of non-esterified fatty acids.

PMID- 1221735
TI  - [Variance and discriminatory analyses for the classification of wakefulness
      dependent EEG patterns].
AB  - 1. To describe 8 alertness-dependent EEG activity patterns to be observed during
      wakefulness with eyes closed, mean values and standard deviations of the
      frequencies 4, ..., 13, 14 to 17, 18 to 22 and 23 to 40 c/sec, of the percentage
      activity in the theta, alpha and beta bands as well as of the theta and alpha
      amplitudes were calculated. 2. On the basis of 18 variables significant
      differences between 7 activity patterns were ascertained by means of univariate
      and multivariate analyses of variance. 3. In the course of stepwise reduction of
      variables within the framework of a linear discriminatory analysis, an optimal
      set of variables was determined for the separation of the patterns comprising the
      following variables: mean value and standard deviation of the alpha amplitudes
      and mean value of the theta amplitudes as well as the percent quantity of the
      frequencies 3, ..., 7, 10, 14 to 17 and 23 to 40 c/sec. 4. By means of a linear
      regression analysis it was shown that the EEG scoring system can be reflected on
      an interval scale. In connection with results on the reliability of the methods
      used the results were discussed.

PMID- 1221736
TI  - [Electroretinographic study on the causal relationship of the S-R effect].
AB  - In the continuation of earlier studies, further serial-stimulation experiments
      with prolonged duration of single stimuli were carried out on dark-adapted frogs.
      The results have revealed a far-going dependence of the retinal response patterns
      (S-R effect) on the time relations between single stimuli and stimulation
      intervals. From all the experimental evidence available to date it can be
      concluded that the demonstrated serial-stimulation effects are brought about
      primarily in the photorecptors. According to reports in the literature these
      receptors in the state of dark adaptation respond to intensive, overriding
      stimuli with a pronounced after-effect causing a reduction of the temporal
      resolution capacity and of the difference susceptibility. The suppression effect
      can be regarded as a consequence of this overriding reaction. On the other hand,
      the recovery effect is caused most probably by the suddenly occurring bright
      adaptation because the latter makes the after-effect disappear quickly.

PMID- 1221738
TI  - [Modulation of the photically evoked potentials in the motor cortex of cats by
      influences of the somatosensory system and the reticular formation].
AB  - The influence of somatosensor stimulation and electric stimulation in the
      mesencephalic reticular formation upon evoked potentials (EP) of the motor cortex
      (MC) produced by electric stimulation of the Chiasma opticum and the Corpus
      geniculatum laterale, respectively, was investigated in unnarcotized, immobilized
      cats. By preliminary electrical stimulation of the contralateral front limb,
      intensity-dependent changes of the early positive component of the EP in the MC
      could be produced. Similar changes were found after passive movement of the limb
      and following electrical stimulation in the reticular formation of the
      mesencephalon. The EP in the MC completely disappeared after i.v. administration
      of 15 mg/kg Nembutal. It is concluded that the impulses reaching the MC after
      stimulation in the visual system can be modulated in various ways, and thus
      exhibit a relatively high information content. Possible mechanisms of the
      modulating influences and their significance are discussed.

PMID- 1221737
TI  - [Cardiovascular reflex-reactions on the blood volume changes before and after
      pharmacological elimination of the efferent heart innervation].
AB  - Reflex changes in the heart frequency, blood pressure and respiratory frequency
      induced by slow changes of the blood volume are observed in the aesthetized
      European hamster (Cricetus cricetus L.). Tachycardia, hypertension and hyperpnoe
      occured during intravenous infusion and bradycardia, hypotension and respiratory
      inhibition during hemorrhages or local distensions of the junction between the
      superior vena cava and the right atrium. Various receptor organs of the heart and
      the great vessels and sympathetic as well as parasympathetic effector mechanisms
      were involved in the reflex effects. An activation of efferent vagal fibers
      decreased blood pressure and heart frequency; an excitation of efferent
      sympathetic fibers increased blood pressure and heart frequency.

PMID- 1221739
TI  - [Effect of various amino acids and their antagonists on the cholinergic tremor
      and acetylcholine release in the CNS of the rat].
AB  - Glycine and GABA administered intraventricularly and intrastriatally were found
      to inhibit the oxotremorin tremor in rats. The two amino acids reduce both the
      spontaneous release of acetylcholine into the ventricle and the discharge
      measured under oxotremorin treatment. The inhibition of the tremor and of
      acetylcholine release can be blocked by amino acid antagonists (strychnine and
      picrotoxin), whose effects are not specific for one of these amino acids; this
      action can be interpreted as effect of interference with other central
      transmission systems. Structures located close to the ventricles (nigrostriatal
      path ways) are discussed as possible points of action.

PMID- 1221740
TI  - Interaction between cellular metabolism and acetylcholine turnover of rat brain
      cortex slices in the presence of arecoline.
AB  - Centrally acting cholinomimetic drugs like arecoline stimulate active ion
      transport processes in the synaptic region. Regarding the connection between
      cellular metabolism and active Na"-K+-transport the effect of arecoline on the
      cerebral metabolic status was proved. Arecoline decreased the level of high
      energic phosphates and glycogen (energy charge diminished from 0,57 to 0,48) and
      increased the glucose consumption and lactate production. Thus, the increased
      rate of CoA acetylation via oxidative breakdown of pyruvate seems to be
      prerequisite for the cholinergically stimulated ACh synthesis.

PMID- 1221741
TI  - [Stimulation of renal excretion of p-aminohippuric acid by repeated
      administration of drugs in young and adult rats].
AB  - The velocity of renal excretion of p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) could be raised by
      repeated administration of phenol red, probenecid and penicillin, which are
      actively transported by the acid carrier into the urine like PAH. These drugs
      produced an effect in fairly lower doses than PAH. The renal excretion of PAH can
      be accelerated by repeated pretreatment with the lipid-soluble drugs
      sulfaclomide, sulfamethoxypyridazine and cyclopenthiazide. It could be
      demonstrated that the stimulation of renal excretion of PAH by repeated
      administration of the investigated compounds is less pronounced in young rats
      than in adult animals.

PMID- 1221742
TI  - [Studies on human sera for antibodies against Clostridium butyricum strain Jean H
      8].
AB  - In 235 human sera, antibodies against Clostridium butyricum strain Jena H8 could
      be demonstrated in 33 patients (15%); only 189 sera (80%) reacted negatively, and
      in 5% (13 sera) a questionable reaction was obtained. The results are discussed,
      pointing out the necessity of preliminary titer determination if the clostridia
      tumor phenomenon is to be utilized for early diagnosis of cancer.

PMID- 1221743
TI  - [Computerized record of the cancer patient. Liege program].

PMID- 1221744
TI  - Some clinical aspects of thyrotoxicosis in a Belgian population.

PMID- 1221745
TI  - Routine laboratory tests and the evaluation of the function of the thyroid gland
      in thyrotoxicosis. An ordinator assisted study on a Belgian population.

PMID- 1221746
TI  - A one year double blind study of the effect of halofenate and clofibrate in
      patients with hyperlipoproteinemia.

PMID- 1221747
TI  - [Experiences with a new cholesterolemia-lowering resin, Colestipol (U-26, 597 A.
      Upjohn)].

PMID- 1221748
TI  - [Progressive tuberculosis in the adult, its terrain and specific therapeutic
      test].

PMID- 1221749
TI  - Laboratory and clinical evaluation of concentrates for treatment of haemophilia.

PMID- 1221750
TI  - [Cefazolin].

PMID- 1221751
TI  - [Malabsorption of parasitic origin in tropical pathology].

PMID- 1221752
TI  - [Acute "adult respiratory distress syndrome"].

PMID- 1221753
TI  - [45 cases of carbon tetrachloride poisoning].

PMID- 1221754
TI  - Serum levels of gentamicin after a single injection by various routes.

PMID- 1221755
TI  - Imported leprosy in Belgium 1960-1974.

PMID- 1221756
TI  - Proceedings: The influence of oxyprothepine on the resistance of the central
      nervous system of rats against ischemia during ontogeny.

PMID- 1221757
TI  - Proceedings: Investigation of the metabolsim of oxyprothepin in man.

PMID- 1221758
TI  - Proceedings: Experience with oxyprothepin in the treatment of endogenous
      depression.

PMID- 1221759
TI  - Proceedings: Chlorprothixen and thioridazine in maintenance therapy of longterm
      hospital psychotics.

PMID- 1221760
TI  - Proceedings: VUFB-10032, a potential psychotropic drug from the group of
      noncataleptic neuroleptics.

PMID- 1221761
TI  - Proceedings: Stereospecificity of neuroleptic effects in the 10-piperazino-10, 11
      dihydrodibenzo (b, f) thiepin series.

PMID- 1221762
TI  - Proceedings: The relation between the clinical effect of clozapine and the
      incidence of side effects.

PMID- 1221763
TI  - Proceedings: Tail rattling in aggressive mice as a measure of tranquillizing
      activity of drugs.

PMID- 1221764
TI  - Proceedings: To the drug therapy of socalled resistent depressions.

PMID- 1221765
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of maprotiline and imipramine on sleep cycles in rats.

PMID- 1221766
TI  - Proceedings: Clinical experience with maprotiline therapy in depressions.

PMID- 1221767
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of the rater's actual mood on the diagnostic judgement of
      depressive patients.

PMID- 1221768
TI  - Proceedings: The evaluation of the effect of trimeproprimine and imipramine in a
      double blind trial.

PMID- 1221769
TI  - Proceedings: Experience with azaphene in endogenous depressive states.

PMID- 1221770
TI  - Proceedings: Clomipramine in the treatment of depressions.

PMID- 1221771
TI  - Proceedings: Experimental and short-term clinical trials with mesylphenacyrazine.

PMID- 1221773
TI  - Proceedings: Acute effect of methaqualone (300 mg), glutethimide (250 mg) and
      cyclobarbital (200 mg) on verbal associations.

PMID- 1221772
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of interaction of amitriptyline and nicotine upon the
      alimentary motor reflexes in cats.

PMID- 1221774
TI  - Proceedings: A method of predicting suicidal behaviour.

PMID- 1221775
TI  - Proceedings: The development of psychotropic drug consumption in foreign
      countries.

PMID- 1221776
TI  - Proceedings: Contribution to the determination of drug-dependence.

PMID- 1221777
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of pentobarbital on cortical epileptogenic focus in rats.

PMID- 1221778
TI  - Proceedings: Antiepileptic effect of psychostimulant drugs (combined
      antiepileptic agents containing phenobarbital and a psychostimulant component).

PMID- 1221779
TI  - Proceedings: Anticonvulsant properties of a series of new 2, 5-pyrrolidone
      derivatives.

PMID- 1221780
TI  - Proceedings: Side effects of antiepileptic drugs.

PMID- 1221781
TI  - Proceedings: Psychotropic drug treatment of the psychopathological symptomatology
      in epilepsy.

PMID- 1221783
TI  - Proceedings: The mechanism of effect of neuropharmacological drugs. I.

PMID- 1221782
TI  - Proceedings: The effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in epileptics hospitalised in
      the psychiatric hospital in Horni Berkovice in the years 1972-1974.

PMID- 1221784
TI  - Proceedings: Cytogenetic analysis of 3-chinuclidylbenzilate, 3-chinuclidinol and
      benactyzine in bone marrow of chinese hamster.

PMID- 1221785
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of 6-hydroxydopamine and 5, 6-dihydroxytryptamine on
      social behaviour in mice.

PMID- 1221786
TI  - Proceedings: The role of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase as an indicator of the
      sympathetic nerve tonus.

PMID- 1221787
TI  - Proceedings: Rubidium in psychiatry.

PMID- 1221788
TI  - Proceedings: Acetylation of sulphadimidine and p-aminosalicylic acid in brain
      tissue of various species.

PMID- 1221789
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of LS 519 CL2 on the level and uptake of serotonin by
      thrombocytes.

PMID- 1221790
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of antidepressants on the reserpine-induced reduction of
      brain calcium.

PMID- 1221792
TI  - Proceedings: Possibilities of the prophylactic treatment of drug abuse.

PMID- 1221791
TI  - Proceedings: Lithium therapy and the hormonal cycle in women.

PMID- 1221793
TI  - Proceedings: Lithium prophylaxis--psychiatric complications and their management
      by beta-adrenergic blockers.

PMID- 1221794
TI  - Proceedings: The result of lithium therapy in acute phases of affective psychoses
      and some other prognostical factors of lithium prophylaxis.

PMID- 1221795
TI  - Proceedings: Genetic aspects of lithium ratio in red blood cells and in plasma of
      manic-depressive patients.

PMID- 1221796
TI  - [Proceedings: Tremors as an adverse effect of lithium therapy].

PMID- 1221797
TI  - Proceedings: Mefexamid in the treatment of neuroses.

PMID- 1221798
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of alcohol administration during pregnancy on social
      behaviour of offsprings in mice.

PMID- 1221799
TI  - Proceedings: The influence of pyridoxine and pyrithioxine on transcallosal evoked
      potentials in rats reared on a low protein diet.

PMID- 1221801
TI  - Proceedings: The discharges of spontaneous psychomotor activity in schizophrenic
      patients in the experimental situation.

PMID- 1221800
TI  - Proceedings: Information efficiency of the characteristics of learning: length of
      the first run of incorrect responses.

PMID- 1221802
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of barbiturates on EEG in rats. I. The problem of data
      reduction (preliminary results).

PMID- 1221803
TI  - Proceedings: Interhemispheral difference in the drug effect on the EEG.

PMID- 1221804
TI  - Proceedings: Possibility of predicting the effect of psychotropic drugs on the
      EEG.

PMID- 1221805
TI  - Proceedings: Differential effects of electromagnetic fields in the treatment of
      neuroses and depression.

PMID- 1221806
TI  - Proceedings: Longitudinal trends in prescribing psychotropic and cardiovascular
      drugs.

PMID- 1221807
TI  - Proceedings: To whom do we apply the parenteral forms of psychotropic drugs.

PMID- 1221808
TI  - Proceedings: Drug treatment in the first 30 days of hospitalisation in the
      psychiatric hospital in Horni Berkovice.

PMID- 1221809
TI  - Proceedings: Pemoline in comparison with amphetamine and placebo in pedo
      psychiatric practice.

PMID- 1221810
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of piracetam on cortical evoked responses in rats
      stimulated at different postnatal periods.

PMID- 1221811
TI  - Proceedings: Nonspecific reactions of the FPN Forrest test.

PMID- 1221812
TI  - Proceedings: The treatment of climacteric disorders with a combination of
      estradiol and testosterone--an outline of the pathogenesis of psychic symptoms in
      the climacterium.

PMID- 1221814
TI  - [Racial influence on the ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The ventilatory response  to hypoxia isocapnic test and to CO2 stimulation in
      normoxic conditions was measured at rest in 42 sea level subjects. They were
      classified according to their ancestry in four racial groups: Caucasian, Negro,
      Mongolian and Mestizo. There was no difference in the response of ventilation to
      CO2 between the groups. However the response of ventilation to hypoxia was
      statistically significant, lower in the Mongolian and Mestizo groups than in the
      Caucasian and Negro ones. All the variables measured were similar in the
      Mongolian and Mestizo groups. Caucasians showed the lowest resting ventilation
      and Negroes showed the lowest resting heart rate. Statistically, each of  these
      parameters was significantly different from the other groups. It is concluded
      that the ventilatory differences observed reflect differences in their peripheral
      chemoreceptor sensitivity to hypoxia, and they may explain the large variation of
      ventilatory responses to hypoxia found by different investigators. The similar
      values found in all parameters measured in the Mongolian and Mestizo groups are
      explained by the ancestral link between these races.

PMID- 1221813
TI  - Histo-physiological study of hypophysectomized dogs in which the hypophysis was
      replaced by parotid gland.
AB  - This work is an attempt to repeat and confirm the results published by Alvarez
      Buylla et al., concerning to hypophysectomy and transplant in salivary gland in
      dogs. It was found that the survival time was longer in the hypophysectomized
      transplanted animals than in those merely hypophysectomized. The 131I uptake by
      the thyroid of transplanted dogs was lower than by normal dogs, but higher than
      by the hypophysectomized ones. The histological examination of the hypothalamic
      hypophyseal region in both groups of operated animals showed remnants of pars
      tuberalis cells. The graft of the parotid gland became vascularized exhibiting
      dilated tubules containing PAS positive granules. An atrophy of thyroid and
      adrenal glands was also observed. Primordial follicles, follicles in development
      and cell cords could be found in the ovary of all transplanted animals; in some
      dogs corpus luteum could also be observed. These results suggest that the
      transplanted gland in some way provides conditions for the remnant of the
      hypophyseal cells to perform their function.

PMID- 1221816
TI  - Metabolism of steroids by left ovaries of Gallus domesticus during post-embryonic
      maturation.
AB  - Homogenates of left ovaries from laying hens incubated with labeled pregnenolone
      or progesterone produced slightly higher amounts of estrone than of estradiol-17
      beta. Progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and
      testosterone are probable intermediates. Left ovaries from 1-, 21- and 40-days
      old chicks incubated with progesterone as substrate formed increasing amounts of
      androgens and estrogens. Weight per weight, ovaries from one-day-old chicks have
      a greater steroidogenic capability than those from adults. The comparative
      steroidogenesis by testes and left ovaries from Gallus domesticus during growth
      is also reported.

PMID- 1221815
TI  - Brain and hypothalamic catecholamine turnover in relation with puberty in the
      female rat.
AB  - Turnover of brain and hypothalamic catecholamines was determined in prepuberal,
      puberal and adult female rats. Turnover was evaluated by measuring the rate of
      disappearance of endogenous noradrenaline and dopamine after inhibition of
      synthesis with alpha-methyltyrosine. Rates of falling were significantly high in
      brains of 30 and 35 day-old-rats and low in brains of 25 and 40 day-old-rats.
      Hypothalamic noradrenaline decrease exhibited similar changes in relation with
      age. The increase of NA and DA turnover taking place before puberty was
      coincident with a high response in plasma luteinizing hormone induced by
      treatment with ovarian steroids. At the time of puberty and not directly related
      with the vaginal opening, both brain catecholamine turnover and LH induced
      response were found to decrease. The results suggest that brain adrenergic
      mechanisms play some role  in the onset of puberty.

PMID- 1221817
TI  - Incorporation of CDP-choline (methyl-14C) into lecithin or adult rat liver
      mitochondria and microsomes.
AB  - Incorporation of CDP-choline (Methyl-14C) into liver microsomes and mitochondria
      was studied in vitro. Labelling of a total homogenate and subsequent separation
      of subcellular fractions showed that radioactivity was present in both microsomes
      and mitochondria, the highest specific activity being attained by microsomes.
      Chase experiments disclosed any transfer of label from one fraction to the other.
      Individual incubation of microsomes and mitochondria indicated that both
      fractions were able to incorporate label into phosphatidyl choline independently.
      The addition of increasing amounts of microsomes to mitochondria enhanced
      incorporation in proportion to the amount of microsomes added. If 10%
      contamination of mitochondria with microsomes is assumed, extrapolation of the
      curve back to zero contamination shows that mitochondria seem to have an
      autonomous capacity to incorporate the precursor into phosphatidyl choline.

PMID- 1221818
TI  - Mescaline and homoveratrylamine as discriminative stimuli in rats.

PMID- 1221819
TI  - [Anatomo-physiologic study of artificial teeth in the complete denture].

PMID- 1221820
TI  - [Balance orthodontics-surgery and maxillodental development of labionasal
      clefts].

PMID- 1221821
TI  - [Technic for canal filling using ultrasound].

PMID- 1221822
TI  - [Transplantation of tooth germs in albino rats. Normalized surgical technics].

PMID- 1221823
TI  - [Recent experimental data on the sensitivity of the masticatory apparatus].

PMID- 1221824
TI  - The significance of IgG4 subgroup antibodies in pollen immunity.

PMID- 1221825
TI  - [Acarofauna of house dust in Barcelona and surrounding cities].
AB  - The study of the house-dust acarofauna has aroused great interest since Voorhorst
      and colls. (41), in 1964, showed the continual presence of Dermatophagoides
      pteronyssinus in this habitat; and considered by these authors to be mainly
      responsible for the allergenic capacity of housedust. Studies carried out by
      other authors around the world confirm the universal character of this acarus and
      its prevailing presence in house-dust biocenosis. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
      is usually accompanied with other species of the same Pyroglyphidae family (see
      table II and III), and by species belonging to other acarian families and groups
      (table I). In this work 182 house-dust samples have been analyzed; these samples
      were collected in Barcelona and its surrounding. All have been found to be
      positive to acari. Samples of 5 g of house-dust were used for the study. The
      number of acari present in each sample showed a  great variation both in relation
      to the total of acari present and to the number of isolated Pyroglyphidae (table
      VII and VIII). Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus appeared to be the prevailing
      species, found in 175 of the 182 samples examined and representing 39.70% of the
      total population of the acari collected. Other Pyroglyphidae isolated were D.
      farinae (95 samples), Euroglyphus maynei (75 samples), D. microceras (19
      samples), D. passericola (1 sample) and Malayoglyphus carmelitus (1 sample)
      (table VI). The frequency and density in which other species of acari appeared in
      house-dust samples studied are shown in table VII. If we compare our results with
      those obtained by others (1, 7, 11, 21, 23, 26, 28, 29, 38) we see a great
      difference according to the frequency of acarian infestation in house-dust. We
      think that the causes of this variation are the diverse methods and techniques
      employed in the isolation and enumeration of acari. The low infestation
      percentages given by some authors could be due to the following: a) a study of
      insufficient amounts of house-dust samples; b) the lack of a method used for
      processing the samples; c) the interaction of both factors. The discovery of
      three single D. passericola specimens found in one sample lets us assume that the
      pressence of this acarus in house-dust has been sporadic. We think it could
      originate from birds' feathers or nests. Despite the very high number of
      Tarsonemus sp. collected (37.17% of the acari total) the representative of this
      species is actually very low, since almost all of them were found in two
      different samples taken from the same house.

PMID- 1221826
TI  - [Influence of acari of house dust in the tiology of infantile asthma].
AB  - We have studied 61 children with a previous diagnosis of a possible allergic
      disease showing clear symptoms in relation to the respiratory system (rhinitis,
      asthma, etc.). In all cases prick tests were carried out with house-dust extracts
      Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, T. putrescentiae, A. siro and A. siro
      + Cheyletus spp. Commercial extracts (Bencard) were used for the former two; the
      remainder were prepared from the pure culture of the corresponding acari. The
      technique followed has been described separately. From the results obtained (see
      Table I) the following conclusions have been reached: 1. The acari of the
      Dermatophagoides species particularly D. peteronyssinus) are those mainly
      responsible for the antigenic capacity of house-dust studied in the geographic
      area of Barcelona and its surroundings. 2. A similarity but no antigenic identity
      exists between the antigenic extracts of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae. 3. The
      many positive reactions shown by many patients to the various species of acari
      frequently found in house-dust are due not so much to the antigenic similarity of
      these acari as to the multiple sensitization or special condition of the
      individual person. 4. The allergens proceeding from different species of the
      Tyroglyphidae family, possibly possess a certain antigenic relationship. 5.
      Finally, it can be asserted that despite the important role played by the acari
      of the Dermatophagoides species among the different allergenic components of
      house-dust, it is the remaining acarian fauna present in this dust biocenosis
      that also has a distinct influence.

PMID- 1221828
TI  - Classification of cirrhosis.

PMID- 1221827
TI  - [The activation of the complement system in various connective tissue diseases].
AB  - A knowledge of the complement system in patients with collagen diseases is of
      interest as it may serve to indicate the existence of activity or non-activity in
      these diseases. We have studied the existence or non-existence of the activity of
      the complement system through evaluation of the levels of C3, as well as the
      implicated mechanism of the classical or alternate pathways through the measure
      of C'4 and C'3 proactivator components. Quantitation of complement components was
      obtained by electroimmunodiffusion, employing specific antiserum. From the
      results obtained, we observed that the complement activity in patients with SLE,
      the classic pathway was affected more (7 patients of the 24 studied), than the
      alternate pathway (3 patients). However, in those patients affected by
      sclerodermia, there seems to be an equal incidence of the activation of
      complement through both pathways (2 patients with activation through each way).
      Also of interest is the existence of a patient with SLE and another affected by
      sclerodermia in which a selective  reduction of C'3 was observed. This
      observation suggests the possible existence of a selective destruction, perhaps
      mediated through a factor type such as the nephritic factor. However, there may
      exist other patients of whom we have already commented on, with a parallel
      reduction in the three components which suggests a change in the synthesis or in
      the simultaneous activation in both of the pathways. When realizing the
      comparative studies of the state in which the immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM)
      and complement components are to be found, the conclusion is that there is no
      significative correlation between the two. This is particularly interesting as it
      assumes the necessity of knowing the state of the complement and not only of the
      immunoglobulin, in order to know the state of activity in which the process is.

PMID- 1221829
TI  - Idiopathic gastric abscess. A bizarre intramural lesion.
AB  - A case of localized gastric abscess producing an intramural filling defect in the
      stomach wall is presented. This condition is an unusual manifestation of
      phlegmonous gastritis and usually presents clinically with a less acute picture
      than diffuse phlegmonous gastritis. The clinical and roentgenographic features,
      pathology, treatment and prognosis are reviewed.

PMID- 1221830
TI  - Mallory-Weiss syndrome--revisted.
AB  - Six patients (three women and three men) who had upper gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome are described. Retching was the most
      common precipitating factor (5/6) followed by vomiting (2/6). Basic underlying
      causes for either retching or vomiting were probable excess alcohol consumption
      (3/6), side-effects of oral or parentral medication (2/6) and over-indulgence in
      eating after partial gastrectomy (1/6). The two most important factors leading to
      confirmation of the diagnosis were: 1. History of events prior to the onset of
      upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 2. early panendoscopy. One noted feature of
      the present series is the high incidence of other silent co-existing pathological
      lesions at the time of endoscopic examination. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
      was characterized as mild to moderate (300-500 cc.) in three patients and
      moderate to severe (1,000-2,000 cc.) in another three patients. All recovered
      under medical management and none required surgical intervention. It is becoming
      increasingly evident that such a benign outcome in Mallory-Weiss syndrome is more
      common than previously recognized.

PMID- 1221831
TI  - Menetrier's disease and adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
AB  - A 74-year old woman with abdominal pain and edema was diagnosed to have
      Menetrier's disease on surgical full thickness gastric wall biopsy. Two months
      later, she complained of increasing severe abdominal pain radiating to the back,
      unusual in Menetrier's. Work-up showed classic Menetrier's disease with large
      gastric folds, achlorhydria, gastrointestinal protein loss and hypoalbuminemia. A
      celiac arteriogram, however, suggested a pancreatic neoplasm and adenocarcinoma
      of the body of the pancreas was confirmed at laparotomy. This is the first report
      of the concurrence of these two diseases. The difficulty of differentiating
      Menetrier's from occult gastrointestinal cancer is discussed.

PMID- 1221832
TI  - Cholelithiasis and interrupted enterohepatic circulation. Five cases of
      obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic carcinoma with cholelithiasis.

PMID- 1221833
TI  - Air or gas within the wall of the stomach.

PMID- 1221835
TI  - [Maternal mortality based on data from the Obstetrical and Gynecological
      Department of the Plovdiv First Municipal Hospital for the period of 1946-1971].

PMID- 1221834
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies of the chorion of women treated with gestanon].

PMID- 1221837
TI  - [Current problems of the birth rate in Yambol District].

PMID- 1221836
TI  - [Effect of some natural and social factors on the physical development of newborn
      infants].

PMID- 1221840
TI  - [Rare case of a malformation in a newborn infant: cyclopia and proboscis].

PMID- 1221838
TI  - [Characteristics of the protein makeup of the seminal plasma by polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis].

PMID- 1221839
TI  - [Severe hemorrhagic diathesis in a newborn infant successfully treated with
      exchange transfusion].

PMID- 1221841
TI  - [Lymphogranulomatosis simulating a genital tumor].

PMID- 1221842
TI  - [High degree of insufficiency of the pelvic muscular floor (prolapsus uteri et
      recti. Insufficientia sphincteris urethrae et ani externi)].

PMID- 1221843
TI  - [Obstetrical procedure in multiple pregnancy].

PMID- 1221844
TI  - [Total serum protein content in pregnant women and parturients with EPH gestoses
      and chronic pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1221845
TI  - [Study of LDH activity in the placenta at different times of pregnancy].

PMID- 1221847
TI  - [Relationship between the state of maturity of the cervix uteri and the
      effectiveness of the intravenous oxytocin induction of labor in prolonged
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1221846
TI  - [Hormonal treatment in habitual abortions].

PMID- 1221848
TI  - [Maternal mortality in sectio caesarea].

PMID- 1221849
TI  - [Physical development of newborn infants in Pazardzhik District].

PMID- 1221850
TI  - [Sex chromatin and pregnancy].

PMID- 1221851
TI  - [Some characteristics of the action of occupational chemical factors on the
      ovarian function of women].

PMID- 1221852
TI  - [Cervical endometriosis as a complication following diathermal coagulation of the
      cervix uteri].

PMID- 1221853
TI  - [Use of low temperatures in treating certain changes in the cervix uteri].

PMID- 1221854
TI  - [Changes in the estrogen level in the amniotic fluid after the injection into the
      mother of synthetic estrogenic preparations].

PMID- 1221855
TI  - [Diagnosis and management of the delivery of monsters creating difficulties
      during labor].

PMID- 1221856
TI  - [Case of congenital symphyseal diastasis in pregnancy and labor].

PMID- 1221857
TI  - [Spontaneous ruptura uteri in combination with a chocolate cyst simulating
      delayed uterine involution].

PMID- 1221858
TI  - [Case of pregnancy and labor following bilateral adrenalectomy in Cushing's
      syndrome].

PMID- 1221859
TI  - [Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita with the contribution of 1 case].

PMID- 1221860
TI  - [Quantitative values of immunoglobins G, A and M in pregnant women with a
      ruptured amniotic sac between the 20th and 24th weeks of pregnancy].

PMID- 1221861
TI  - [Characteristics of the contractile activity of the uterus during delivery of a
      fetus with a twisted umbilicus].

PMID- 1221863
TI  - [Diagnostic value of colpocytology at the end of pregnancy. I. The determination
      of the term of delivery].

PMID- 1221862
TI  - [Acceleration in obstetrics].

PMID- 1221864
TI  - [Frequency and indications for subsequent hysterectomy in cesarean section].

PMID- 1221866
TI  - [Isotope nephrography in late pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 1221865
TI  - [Cicatricial separation after cesarean section in women giving birth
      spontaneously].

PMID- 1221867
TI  - [Studies of the threat to the fetus in superimposed late pregnancy toxemias].

PMID- 1221869
TI  - [Some problems of the radiation load during the performance of
      hysterosalpingography].

PMID- 1221868
TI  - [Colpocystogram, a method for studying the statics of the organs in the lesser
      pelvis].

PMID- 1221870
TI  - [Spermatozoal resistance to a 1% solution of sodium chloride].

PMID- 1221872
TI  - [Our experience in treating the traumatic uterine form of amenorrhea (atretic)].

PMID- 1221871
TI  - [Management, treatment and results in luteal insufficiency in women].

PMID- 1221873
TI  - [Abdominal tumors in a newborn infant of genital origin, with a contribution of 2
      cases].

PMID- 1221874
TI  - [Some characteristics of vulvovaginitis in infancy and adolescence].

PMID- 1221875
TI  - [Wording and editing obstetric and gynecologic diagnosis].

PMID- 1221876
TI  - An evaluation of the 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone method for the
      determination of phenols in water and waste waters.

PMID- 1221877
TI  - A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of paraquat and diquat in pond
      and river waters by pyrolysis and gas chromatography.

PMID- 1221878
TI  - Determination of dimetridazole in feedstuffs and pre-mixes by high-speed liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 1221879
TI  - A rapid method for monitoring low levels of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in
      solutions.

PMID- 1221880
TI  - A rapid method for the assay of ascorbic acid tablets.

PMID- 1221881
TI  - An improved field test for barbiturates and hydantoins with a modified cobalt
      (II) thiocyanate reagent.

PMID- 1221882
TI  - Determination of aluminium in dental enamel by the carbon cup atomic-absorption
      method.

PMID- 1221883
TI  - Determination of small amounts of lead in organic matter by atomic-absorption
      spectrometry.

PMID- 1221884
TI  - Functional structure of the glomerular filtration barrier and the proximal tubuli
      in the developing foetal and neonatal pig kidney.
AB  - 1. The detailed anatomy of the structures forming the glomerular filtration
      barrier and the proximal tubules was studied during development of foetal and
      neonatal pigs. 2. In the glomerular filtration barrier during ontogenetic
      development an increased number of fenestrae was noted in the endothelium. The
      condensation decreased in the glomerular basement membrane and an increase in the
      widths of the pedicles was observed. 3. The proximal tubular cells revealed a
      highly specialised organisation with an enlarged cell surface (microvilli)
      towards the lumen. In the apical part of the cell a zone containing vesicles
      probably pinched off from the base of the microvilli was observed. At the base of
      the cell elongated mitochondria and electron dense bodies were found. 4. An
      increase in the number of vesicles was observed in the proximal tubular cells
      from piglets receiving colostrum and exhibiting proteinuria. Judging from these
      results it seems probable that the nephrons are able to function already in the
      metanephros of the pig foetuses of 4 cm CR-length. 5. The results imply that
      there was no structural evidence of an immature glomerular filtration barrier
      being the cause of neonatal proteinuria. On the other hand an enhanced
      involvement of the cells of the proximal tubules was noted and this is
      interpreted to be due to the absorption of proteins from the primary urine after
      onset of colostrum ingestion by the newborn piglet.

PMID- 1221886
TI  - [Anesthesia and recovery in the patient treated by L-dopa].

PMID- 1221885
TI  - Loss of dendritic spines in aging cerebral cortex.
AB  - Previous work has shown that the dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons of the
      cerebral cortex are sensitive to a wide variety of environmental and surgical
      manipulations. The present study shows that the normal aging process also affects
      these spines. The spines were studied with the light microscope in Golgi
      preparations from rats ranging in age from 3 to 29.5 months. Visible spines were
      counted on either 25 or 53 mu segments of the basal dendrites, apical dendrites,
      oblique branches, and terminal tufts of layer V pyramidal cells in area 17. A
      progressive loss of spines occurred at each of these loci. The smallest observed
      spine loss (24%) occurred on the dendrites of the terminal tuft, and the largest
      (40%) on the oblique branches. Age-related spine loss appears to affect all
      animals, and for animals of any one age the overall loss is similar. However, the
      cell-to-cell variability within an individual animal is pronounced, some cells
      with high spine densities being present at every age examined. As a general rule,
      there is a positive relationship between visible spine density along the apical
      dendrite as it traverses layer IV and the thickness of the dendrite. With
      advancing age, the relatively thick  dendrites decrease in number so that the
      thinner dendrites make up an increasingly larger proportion of the total apical
      dendrite population. Questions that remain for the future include the genesis of
      the spine loss, its relation to other aging changes, and its functional
      significance for the neuron.

PMID- 1221887
TI  - [Prospective study of complications of catheterization of the subclavian vein
      (apropos of 250 cases)].

PMID- 1221888
TI  - [Peridural analgesia in obstetrics. Apropos of 165 cases].

PMID- 1221889
TI  - [Gas gangrene. Value of preventive treatment (apropos of 19 cases)].

PMID- 1221890
TI  - [Preliminary results of a survey on thrombo-embolic disease in orthopedic
      surgery. Clinical, phlebographic, biologic studies and trial preventive treatment
      in 33 patients].

PMID- 1221891
TI  - [Evaluation of a year of routine heparin therapy in surgery].

PMID- 1221892
TI  - [Action of doxapram hydrochloride on recovery from anesthesia in pulmonary
      surgery].

PMID- 1221893
TI  - [Resuscitation units of anesthesiology departments].

PMID- 1221894
TI  - [Study of a resuscitation unit at the new La Louviere hospital center].

PMID- 1221895
TI  - [Study of an operating room block at the new La Louviere hospital center].

PMID- 1221896
TI  - [Favorable course of a bilateral postoperative diaphragmatic paralysis].
AB  - Writing about a case of post-operative diaphragmatic bilateral palsy (bilateral
      thoracotomies for oesocoloplasty and oesophagectomy necessited by a caustic
      oesophagitis) on a 8 years old boy, palsy which was cured 6 months after, the
      authors tell about causes, prognostic and treatment of diaphragmatic palsies. In
      that observation, treatment consisted essentially in artificial ventilation for
      months and a half, and on intensive kinesitherapy.

PMID- 1221897
TI  - On nature, man, and society: a basis for scientific modeling.

PMID- 1221899
TI  - Control processes in development: Pattern formation in chick limb morphogenesis.

PMID- 1221898
TI  - Critique of a large-scale organ system model: Guytonian cardiovascular model.

PMID- 1221900
TI  - On the description of physiological systems: Epistemological considerations.

PMID- 1221901
TI  - A comment on models of ion transport across cell membranes.

PMID- 1221902
TI  - Application of control theory to endocrine regulation and control.

PMID- 1221903
TI  - [Effects of administering diets with starch or sucrose basis on certain
      parameters of calcium metabolism in the young, growing rat].
AB  - The important role of many carbohydrates on calcium metabolism has been
      demonstrated by FOURNIER and DUPUIS. Starch, however, neither influences the
      absorption nor the retention of calcium. Less is known about the effects of
      sucrose. In this study the influence of starch on calcium metabolsim has been
      compared with that of sucrose. Male weanling Wistar rats were divided into three
      groups according to their diets. The first group received a refined and well
      balanced diet (except for the absence of vitamin D), containing 68 p. 100 of
      starch. The second group received the same diet except sucrose was substituted
      for the starch. The third group received the same diet as Group 1, with the
      addition of vitamin D. Plasma calcium citrate and urinary citrate and calcium
      were determined. At the age of 2 months after one night of fasting, each group of
      rats was injected intraperitoneally with a 1 ml, aqueous solution containing 1 mg
      calcium and 0, 6 mu Ci45Ca. Twenty-four hours later the animals were sacrificed
      and the calcium femur percentage, radioactivity p. 1,000 of the injected dose of
      45Ca, and specific radioactivity were determined. When performance data from
      Group 3 were compared to Group 1 and Group 2, the following results were
      obtained: --Group 1 (starch diet without vitamin D) had very low plasma calcium
      levels; urinary calcium, plasma citrate and urinary citrate levels were lowered,
      and the calcium femur percentage was smaller. Bone avidity for calcium was found.
      --Group 2 (sucrose diet without vitamin D) had normal plasma calcium levels.
      Urinary calcium and citrate and plasma citrate did not show significant
      differences from those of animals receiving vitamin D. No significant differences
      were found in the specific radioactivity and radioactivity p. 1,000 of the
      administered dose. Contrary to starch, sucrose maintained calcium homeostasis,
      and apparently, normal ossification, although the femur was lighter than those of
      animals receiving vitamin D. Further work is necessary to determine whether the
      fructose component of the sucrose molecule is responsible for the increased
      calcium utilization and, if so, what levels of ingestion are necessary for this
      activity.

PMID- 1221905
TI  - [Imbalance through lysine excess and correction by a threonine supplement, as a
      function of nutritional status].
AB  - Influence of lysine excess, with or without threonine supplementation, on body
      weight repletion after fasting, liver composition and liver, plasma and muscle
      free aminoacids, was studied on male adult rats (200g). Animals received either a
      mixed diet ad libitum (8 p. 100 protein) containing 1.05 p. 100 lysine, or a
      protein meal (1.1 g protein) supplying 145 mg of lysine per day given at 09.00
      hour with free access to a protein-free diet for the rest of the day (separate
      feeding). The results show: --in animals fed a mixed diet, some effects of lysine
      excess are observed only on the free aminoacids, and muscular "RNA/DNA" ratio,
      but with a small amplitude; --in separate feeding, lysine excess has a negative
      effect upon body weight gain, hepatic and muscular "protein/DNA" and "RNA/DNA"
      ratios and the liver, plasma and muscle free aminoacids; --a supplement of
      threonine completely alleviates the effects of lysine excess, as well in mixed
      feeding as in separate feeding; --the best indicators of the aminoacid balance
      are the muscle "RNA/DNA" ratio and the liver, plasma and muscle free aminoacids; 
      -separate feeding is a more sensitive method than mixed feeding for studying
      excess lysine unbalance, since such unbalance is obtained with a low level of
      lysine intake.

PMID- 1221906
TI  - [Case of fetal arrhythmia in labor].

PMID- 1221904
TI  - [Comparative study of the effect of free and combined glucose and fructose on the
      absorption and retention of calcium].
AB  - Many carbohydrates play an important role in the process of absorption of several
      inorganic compounds, particularly of calcium, as shown by FOURNIER. VAUGHAN and
      FILER have proved that all carbohydrates are equally active under particular
      conditions: the difference of their action on calcium absorption is related to
      their absorption speed rate. Fructose appears in an intermediate situation
      between rapidly and slowly absorbed oses according to Cori's classification based
      on rates of absorption. In order to examine more closely the extent of
      differences of carbohydrates on calcium absorption, we chose to compare the
      action of free and combined fructose with that of carbohydrates found in normal
      feeding. Six months old rats in a state of calcium equilibrium received orally 2
      ml aquous mixture containing 0,01 mM/ml calcium supplemented by 0,12 mu Ci 45 Ca
      and 0,075 mM/ml carbohydrate. The rats were divided into groups according to the
      carbohydrate they received, which was one of the following: D-glucose, D-mannose,
      D-fructose, L-sorbose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, starch, glycogen or inulin.
      Both absorption and retention of calcium were observed. A coefficient of
      absorption of 45Ca and the specific radioactivity of bone were established by the
      measurements of radioactivity of blood samples, which were taken 1 1/2 hour, 3
      hours and 24 hours after ingestion, of intestinal content and feces, and of a
      femur after nitroperchloric mineralization. The results showed that values of
      absorption coefficient and of specific radioactivity are high for slowly absorbed
      sugars (mannose, sorbose, lactose) but are very low for free glucose or for
      glucose easily released by intestine enzymatic activity. Free fructose possesses
      in intermediate activity equivalent to that of inulin. However, sucrose
      administered at the same concentration has little effect on calcium absorption.

PMID- 1221907
TI  - [Obstetrico-pediatric aspects of physiopathology of lipid metabolism. I.
      Synthesis of the physiological bases with special regard to hormonal regulation
      and classification of dyslipidemias].

PMID- 1221908
TI  - [Some problems regarding nutrition of the pregnant diabetic woman].

PMID- 1221909
TI  - [Icterus in pregnancy].

PMID- 1221910
TI  - Parasites of the relict fauna of Ceylon. VI. More new helminths from amphibians
      and reptiles, a new host-record and redescription of Acanthocephalus
      serendibensis Crusz and Mills 1970.
AB  - A monogenetic trematode Polystoma hakgalense sp. nov. is described from the
      urinary bladder of the frog Rhacophorus cruciger eques, from the Hakgala Strict
      Natural Reserve (1 707 m). The following combination of characters distinguishes
      it fromm all other species of the genus: the random and reticulate anastomoses of
      the gut, the entire nature of the base of the opisthaptoral hooks, and the lack
      of vitellaria in the spaces between the opisthaptoral suckers. Acanthocephalus
      serendibensis is redescribed after a study of the original type specimens, and of
      fresh specimens from the horn-nosed lizard Ceratophora stoddarti from the
      Hakagala S.N.R. and from the gecko Cnemaspis kandianus kandianus from Haputale (1
      418 m). The gecko is a new host record for A. serendibensis. The original
      description has been modified as regards the proboscis, which carries 10-12
      longitudinal rows of hooks with 3-4 hooks in each row, the embryo within the egg,
      which bears minute spines over its body-surface and a row of hooks at one end,
      and the bursa of the male, which lacks bursal rays.

PMID- 1221911
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Trematodes in Amphibians from the Cameroon
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Some 800 Amphibians representing 88 species were dissected for parasitic
      Trematodes of the digestive tract, the lungs and the bladder. 37 species of
      Anurans (244 specimens) harboured Trematodes. Nine species already found in
      Africa were observed. A new species, Haematoloechus ocellati n. sp. parasite of
      the lungs, is described. We propose the transfer of the species Haplometroides
      eburnense Maeder, 1969 into the genus Plagitura Holl, 1928. A large number of
      Anurans were examined for the first time in order to study Helminthes. This work
      brings in the new elements in the biogeography of african Trematodes Amphibians
      and increases the number of hosts for already mentioned species.

PMID- 1221912
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Microphallidae travassos, 1920 (Trematoda). XXXI.
      On the shortening of microphallid life-cycles, concerning Maritrema oocysta
      (Lebour, 107)].
AB  - In France, the larval forms (daughter sporocysts, cercariae and metacercariae) of
      M. oocysta develop in Hydrobia ulvae Pennant living on Norman coasts of the
      Channel; they are described again. The microphallid family offers two kinds of
      development: the first sort concerns the appearance of a progenetic metacercaria,
      the second concerns that of a confined cercaria. Twelve examples illustrate the
      tendencies of this evolution.

PMID- 1221913
TI  - [Remarks on the ecological adaptation of the snail aquatic fauna in saline medium
      of the Dallol ponds. (Republique du Niger) (author's transl)].
AB  - Human vesical and intestinal bilharziasis, bovine fasciolosis and
      paramphistomosis, equine gastrodiscosis and ovine carmyeriosis, are frequent in
      the Dallols'region, (12 degrees - 13 degrees 30 N. lat. ; 3 degrees E. long.),
      Republique du Niger, Africa. Dallols are fossil valleys pouring water from late
      Saharian lakes. They are also tributaries of the Niger River. During the dry
      season, they become dry and many residual ponds of varied dimensions; from tens
      feet to one or two miles long, are lying along the valley bottom. The water is
      sometimes fresh but more frequently salt, (sodium, calcium and potassium,
      chlorides, sulfates, carbonates and bicarbonate), are in solution of variable
      proportions. From november to april, the total salt concentration is increasing
      by high evaporation and the medium becomes non likely to live for aquatic vector
      snails, Bulinus truncatus, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Bulinus forskalii, Lymnaea
      natalensis and Afrogyrus coretus.

PMID- 1221914
TI  - [About some observations on aestivation of Lymnaea (Galba) truncatula Muller non-
      or infested by Fasciola hepatica L. (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors studied vertical and horizontal distribution of L. (Galba) truncatula
      in two series of dry natural habitats: draining ditches, bovine footprints. The
      observations show:- the location of most surviving snails on ditch sides and in
      low parts of footprints; - the presence of broken shells (by predators) on ditch
      bottom and in high parts of footprints; - the existence of a connection between
      the infested snails distribution and parasitic development-degree: the mature
      infested snails are seen in lower parts of habitats than the parts of the
      immature infested snails.

PMID- 1221915
TI  - [Experimental Schistosomiases. I. Study of S. mansoni fecondity as regards to its
      adaptation to different Biomphalaria glabrata strains (author's transl)].
AB  - We compared the infestation of different strains of B. glabrata from Brasil
      (Recife). Guadeloupe, Martinique and Porto-Rico with 6 to 8 miracidia of S.
      mansoni (from Recife. We noted the four following points: 1. The planorbid snails
      from Martinique and Guadeloupe had a low resistance to infestation. 2. The
      guadeloupean snails showed the lesser rate of positivity and the lower medium
      amount of emitted cercaries but, in the four strains of snails, the level of the
      issued cercaries is quite the same. 3. many planorbid snails in the groups
      studied during more than 2 months, showed significant periodic variations in the
      emission of cercaries, We thought that those variations might be caused by the
      alternate maturations of sporocysts born from the same miracidium or from
      different miracidia. 4. Infestation by S. mansoni had a strong effect on
      fecondity of the snails but the laid eggs had a normal development.

PMID- 1221917
TI  - [Giardia lamblia or Giardia lambli?].

PMID- 1221918
TI  - Traumatic disorders of pituitary-hypothalamic function. I. Excretion of follicule
      stimulating hormone after closed head injury. A preliminary investigation.
AB  - In an investigation done in a group of 20 patients with cerebral concussion and
      skull fracture, 5 of whom showed definite EEG signs of brain-stem function
      disorder, one patient, a member of this subgroup, was found to have a reduced
      excretion of FSH. This patient also showed amenorrhoea of 4 months duration and
      olfactory disturbances.

PMID- 1221916
TI  - [Oestradiol does not modify the proportion between male and female S. mansoni
      worms in experimental infestation of the golden female hamster (author's
      transl)].
AB  - We describe here an experiment, the results of which confirm the protecting
      effect of hormone oestrogen during an experimental infection with Schistosoma
      mansoni in golden female hamster. Furthermore this experiment shows that the
      hormone oestrogene does not modify the sex-ratio of the worms.

PMID- 1221919
TI  - Pattern of ipsilateral clinical extinction in brain-damaged patients.
AB  - A test of double tactile simultaneous stimulation was given to 212 patients
      affected by focal (178) or diffuse (34) cerebral lesions to study the order of
      dominance between face, hand, and foot. Both in focal and in diffuse brain
      damaged patients, a striking dominance of the face over the hand and foot was
      found. No significant difference between hand and foot was seen, but a mild
      prevalence of the foot over the hand was suggested by a cumulative analysis of
      our results. These findings do not support the hypothesis of a continuous
      downward gradient of dominance from rostral to caudal regions of the body.

PMID- 1221920
TI  - Prognostic value of visual evoked potentials in occipital blindness following
      basilar artery occlusion.
AB  - Three patients suffering from sudden occipital blindness following basilar artery
      occlusion underwent electroretinography and visual evoked potential (VEP)
      examinations. The VEPs performed early in those blind patients and repeated later
      seem to be of prognostic value. Responses of normal shape and amplitude after
      monocular and binocular stimulation were followed by complete recovery of vision.
      Unequal and subnormal VEPs obtained following monocular stimulation, and even
      smaller responses reached after binocular stimulation, accompanied permanent
      unilateral occipital damage resulting in homonymous hemianopsia. Lack of VEP was
      proved to be a preceding sign of permanent blindness.

PMID- 1221921
TI  - Proceedings: Ups and downs of indomethacin bioavailability.

PMID- 1221922
TI  - New Haven survey of joint diseases. XVII. Relationship between some systemic
      characteristics and osteoarthrosis in a general population.
AB  - In a survey of the general population the presence or absence of osteoarthrosis
      of the hand was determined radiologically in 685 adults (300 males and 385
      females). Of these, 261 (124 males and 137 females), chosen randomly, were given
      a complete clinical examination of the musculoskeletal system which included x
      ray of joints elsewhere in the body. Osteoarthrosis (OA) scores for the hand and
      for all body sites were computed for each subject by summing the number of
      affected joints. For all subjects soical class, height, weight, total serum
      protein, serum uric acid, haemoglobin, antistreptolysin O, (ASO), C-reactive
      protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor were also measured. Analyses were carried
      out by simple comparison of means and by calculating multiple regressions and
      correlations.

PMID- 1221923
TI  - Wrist cysts and fistulae. An arthrographic study of the rheumatoid wrist.
AB  - An arthrographic study of the wrist joint, in which 65 rheumatoid wrist joints
      were satisfactorily shown, gave a high incidence of significant abnormalities
      even in the absence of clinical signs of wrist involvement. Several synovial
      protrusion cysts were shown and corresponded to localized clinical swellings on
      the volar aspect of the wrist joint. These cystic swellings may be apparent
      before the onset of polyarthritis and may be differentiated from ganglia
      arthrographically by their association with other features suggesting erosive
      synovitis. Cystic swelling over the lower end of the ulna is shown to be
      frequently due to synovial hypertrophy of the inferior radioulnar joint in either
      a dorsal or volar direction. In one case a fistulous tract was delineated
      connecting the midcarpal joint with the volar surface of the wrist by a flexor
      tendon sheath.

PMID- 1221924
TI  - Human anti-DNA antibody: reference standards for diagnosis and management of
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - A technique for the measurement of DNA binding activity of sera is described
      which uses primary internal reference standards in a Farr assay. This allows the
      DNA binding activity of test sera to be measured in relation to the reference
      standards and the results are expressed as units/ml. The use of this standardized
      assay has led to diminished interassay variation and close interlaboratory
      correlation, and has provided a clinically useful test. In survey using the
      standardized assay, normal sera were found to have binding activity which did not
      exceed 15 units/ml; 71% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had
      levels greater than 25 units/ml; while only 8% of patients with diseases other
      than SLE had levels above 25 units/ml. Values between 15 and 25 units/ml appeared
      to have little diagnostic significance.

PMID- 1221926
TI  - Hypertension in relation to musculoskeletal disorders.
AB  - Generalized osteoarthrosis was found to be significantly more common in older
      males with high than with low diastolic blood pressure. The excess of
      osteoarthrosis in those with hypertension was mainly in the hips, knees,
      carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints, and was independent of obesity in
      the hypertensive group. It was not associated with a higher cholesterol or uric
      acid level in the serum. Radiological evidence of avascular necrosis was present
      in 36% of males with osteoarthrosis of the hips and diastolic blood pressure
      above 100 mmHg, in 20% with a diastolic pressure of 81-100 mmHg, but was found in
      none of those with osteoarthrosis and blood pressure of 80 mmHg or below. Only
      those with osteoarthrosis and a diastolic pressure above 100 mmHg had
      significantly more avascular necrosis that expected. Osteoarthrosis of the knee
      in female was more frequent in the hypertensive groups independent of obesity. It
      is concluded that vascular disorders are involved in this form of generalized
      osteoarthrosis.

PMID- 1221925
TI  - Prognostic significance of DNA-binding capacity patterns in patients with lupus
      nephritis.
AB  - The time course of DNA binding capacity (DNA-bc) was found to correlate with the
      clinical course in a group of 21 patients who had biopsy-proven lupus
      glomerulonephritis and were treated with immunosuppressive agents. Eight patients
      showed a sequential DNA-bc pattern in which a high titre of anti-DNA antibody was
      present for a prolonged period of time all having an unfavourable clinical
      course. Persistently high values of DNA-bc preceded by as much as 10 months
      evidence of renal deterioration obtained by conventional renal function tests.
      Thirteen patients showed a low titre of anti-DNA antibody throughout most of
      their course, 12 having a favourable outcome. An initially high value of DNA-bc
      had no prognostic significance. These results suggest that the persistence of a
      high titre of anti-DNA antibody in patients with lupus glomerulonephritis is a
      poor prognostic sign.

PMID- 1221927
TI  - Proceedings: Interpreting the biological significance of rheumatoid factor.

PMID- 1221929
TI  - Proceedings: Raised plasma kininogen levels in rheumatoid arthritis. Response to
      indomethacin and relationship to clinical indices.

PMID- 1221928
TI  - Proceedings: Rheumatoid arthritis in the South African Negro.

PMID- 1221930
TI  - Proceedings: Thin sclerae. A clinical illusion.

PMID- 1221931
TI  - Proceedings: Generalized osteoarthrosis. A problem of definition.

PMID- 1221932
TI  - Proceedings: Discography in assessment of lumbar disc disease.

PMID- 1221933
TI  - Proceedings: Intervertebral disc collagen in degenerative disc disease.

PMID- 1221934
TI  - Proceedings: Complement activation in Reiter's syndrome.

PMID- 1221935
TI  - Proceedings: Circulating complexes and disease activity in SLE.

PMID- 1221936
TI  - Xeroradiographic techniques applied to assessment of Achilles tendon in
      inflammatory or metabolic diseases.
AB  - Ten patients with inflammatory disease (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing
      spondylitis, Reiter's disease) or metabolic disease (gout, pseudogout, tendinous
      xanthomatosis) affecting the Achilles tendons are presented and discussed.
      Radiological lateral views of heel were obtained with xeroradiographic
      techniques, which permitted the recording on the same image of details of both
      bone and soft tissue and the evaluation and quantification of the changes in the
      Achilles tendons. Xeroradiography seems to be a very suitable radiological
      technique for routine use in the evaluation and follow up of rheumatic diseases
      of the foot.

PMID- 1221937
TI  - Fistulization of rheumatoid joints. Spectrum of identifiable syndromes.
AB  - Eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed cutaneous fistulae adjacent to
      affected joints. Rheumatoid factor was positive in eight patients; subcutaneous
      nodules were noted in seven. Two patients had features of rheumatoid vasculitis.
      A spectrum of syndrome characterized by cutaneous fistulae was observed. Three
      patients showed classical fistulous rheumatism. Four patients developed septic
      arthritis which subsequently fistulized; in two, infection was associated with
      total joint replacement. One patient showed a cutaneous sinus accompanying a
      large calf cyst. A variety of diagnoses must be considered when cutaneous
      fistulae appear near joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1221938
TI  - Ectopic calcification around joints of paralysed limbs in hemiplegia, diffuse
      brain damage, and other neurological diseases.
AB  - Mechanical deformity associated, with neurological disease is commonly
      encountered in the form of contractures, or pre-existing arthritis. Less common
      is the occurrence of ectopic calcification around the joints of a paralysed limb.
      Two forms of this are presented in a series of twenty patients. Para-articular
      calcification with the appearance of myositis ossificans around large joints of
      the affected limbs occurred most often. The interior of the joints was not
      affected, nor was there evidence of bony injury. In some cases, however, the
      excessive outgrowth of bone around the joint eventually resulted in a functional
      ankylosis by a uniting bar of bone outside the joint. The second form of
      calcification was periosteal, which unlike the first type was resorbed and left
      an area of cortical bony thickening.

PMID- 1221939
TI  - Potassium metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Effects of treatment
      with depot tetracosactrin, spironolactone, and oral supplements of potassium
      chloride.
AB  - (1) Plasma and urine electrolytes and whole body potassium have measured before
      and after a 2-week administration of depot tetracosactrin 0.5 mg on alternate
      days to eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA.) The effects of adding
      supplements of potassium chloride (48 mmol/d) and spironolactone 200 mg daily
      have been investigated. (2) Acute changes in red blood cell water and potassium
      content, plasma electrolyte concentration, and plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroid
      levels were measured for 48 hours after a single intramuscular injection of 0.5
      mg depot tetracosactrin in six patients with RA. (3) The measured total body
      potassium was significantly less than that predicted from the height, weight, and
      age formula in patients with RA. (4) Treatment with depot tetracosactrin resulted
      in an acute fall in plasma and red cell potassium independent of external
      potassium loss. (5) Two weeks of treatment with depot tetracosactrin resulted in
      hypokalaemia and a rise in plasma sodium and bicarbonate. There was no associated
      electrocardiogram changes or a rise in blood pressure. (6) Neither oral potassium
      supplements nor spironolactone altered total body potassium. (7) The significance
      of the findings and the physiological mechanisms underlying them are discussed.

PMID- 1221940
TI  - Effect of intra-articular inj-ction of radioactive colloids of erbium and yttrium
      on the growth of rabbit legs.
AB  - The effect of the intra-articular injection of radioactive erbium 169 and yttrium
      90 on the growth of the leg in rabbits has been studied. I colloid state these
      isotopes are used clinically for synovial ablation. These beta emitters slow down
      bone growth in proportion to the amount of radioactivity injected. If the joint
      has previously been damaged by an inflammatory arthritis the effect of the
      radiation on the bone growth is reduced.

PMID- 1221941
TI  - Neurofibrosarcoma following radiotherapy for ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - Twenty-six years after radiotherapy to the spine for ankylosing spondylitis a
      patient developed a neurofibrosarcoma initially around the left sacroiliac joint.
      It is likely that this was a long-term complication of the radiotherapy.

PMID- 1221942
TI  - Effects of prostaglandins PGE1, PGE2, PGF1alpha, and PGF2gamma on the synovial
      microcirculation.

PMID- 1221943
TI  - Impairment of proteoglycan-collagen interaction in early experimental
      osteoarthrosis.

PMID- 1221945
TI  - Serum uric acid-its relationship to lean body mass sex, plasma urea,
      intracellular potassium and packed cell volume in a normal population group.

PMID- 1221946
TI  - Assessment of activity in SLE: a clinical and serological study.

PMID- 1221944
TI  - Osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1221947
TI  - Penicillamine nephropathy.

PMID- 1221948
TI  - [Pharmacodynamic aspects of corticosteroids for topical use with special regard
      to beclomethasone dipropionate].

PMID- 1221949
TI  - Drugs for the treatment of sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1221950
TI  - [Effects of a new bronchodilator agent terbutaline on the dysfunctional broncho
      obstructive syndrome].

PMID- 1221952
TI  - [Chemotherapeutic and local treatment of malignant diffuse tumors of the pleura].

PMID- 1221953
TI  - [Results of 429 pulmonary exereses for malignant primary neoplasms].

PMID- 1221951
TI  - [Study of the ventilatory and cardiocirculatory effects of a new adrenergic beta
      2-stimulant (terbutaline) in subjects affected by obstructive bronchial disease].

PMID- 1221955
TI  - [Heterogeneity of Larsen's syndrome].

PMID- 1221954
TI  - [Neonatal jaundice due to anti-D allo-immunization with negative direct Coombs'
      test].
AB  - The case is reported of a newborn with jaundice due to anti-D Rh iso
      immunization, with a negative Coombs' test. The finding of a positive red cell
      auto-agglutination test, the red cells being treated with bromelin and incubated
      in their own serum, suggests an immune phenomenon. Free antibody with anti-D
      specificity reacting with bromelin treated R.B.C.'s was found in the sera of the
      mother and infant.

PMID- 1221956
TI  - [Dwarfism and hyperlaxity, facial dysmorphism and multiple dislocations. Larsen's
      syndrome?].
AB  - Five similar cases of children ranging from 6 months to 6 1/2 years of age are
      reported. The presented with dwarfism, generalized hyperlaxity, characteristic
      facial appearance, constant dislocations of elbows and knees. Bone-age was
      advanced and bones were slender and osteoporotic with metaphyseal thickening. All
      the cases appeared separately in normal families. These associated malformations
      resembled Larsen's syndrome, in spite of some different features.

PMID- 1221959
TI  - [Agenesia of the pulmonary valves manifested by ventilation disorders. In the
      newborn].
AB  - Agenesia of the pulmonary valves is often responsible for severe disorders of
      ventilation by bronchial compression in newborns. This may be involved in case of
      respiratory distress, with a double murmur, expressing the stenosis of an
      avalvulated pulmonary ring and the massive pulmonary regurgitation. The bad
      tolerance is due to the association with an interventricular dilatation of the
      pulmonary artery, which characterizes this malformative complex. The prognosis is
      severe and the treatment is disappointing since all surgical attempts failed at
      this age.

PMID- 1221958
TI  - [Cardiac malpositions. Apropos of 5 observations in the neonatal period].
AB  - Five cases of cardiac malpositions, discovered in the neonatal period, with early
      death are reported. The determination of the position of the cardiac cavities is
      essential for appropriate studies of angiocardiograms and appreciation of the
      possibilities of surgical treatment.

PMID- 1221957
TI  - [Congenital mitral abnormalities in children. Apropos of 44 cases].
AB  - Forty-four cases of mitral malformation were studied. Thirty times it was a
      mitral regurgitation, 10 times, a mitral stenosis. High frequency of associated
      malformations was observed. Tolerance was almost always very bad, leading to
      surgery in spite of the young age. Operative mortality was high (30%). To a
      certain extent, surgery should be palliative: commissurotomy in case of stenosis,
      with almost always bad results; annuloplasty in case of regurgitation, with
      sometimes good results. Good surgical results were observed in one third of the
      cases.

PMID- 1221960
TI  - [Growth of the long bones and metaphyseal ring].

PMID- 1221962
TI  - [Nanism caused by water deprivation, with transitory growth hormone deficiency].
AB  - Report of a case of a girl admitted for alcoholic poisoning then for a toxic
      syndrome with considerable hypernatremia. Clinical examination showed a dwarfism
      (-4 S.D.) with break of the growth curve and bone-age retardation. History
      revealed cruelty and thirsting since the age of 2 years. Isolated somatotropin
      insufficiency was found. Separation from the family and free drinking induced a
      spectacular recovery of growth and normalization of growth hormone level. The
      relative role and relationships between growth hormone deficiency and chronic
      dehydration due to water deprivation in the physiopathology of dwarfism due to
      frustration are discussed.

PMID- 1221961
TI  - [Nephroepithelioma of children manifested by isolated recurrent hematuria.
      Diagnostic problems apropos of 3 cases].
AB  - In children, nephroepithelioma represent less than 10% of the malignant tumors of
      the kidney. Reporting 3 cases, the authors emphasize that the clinical expression
      of nephroepithelioma, often made only of recurrent hematuria occuring over years,
      may mislead adequate diagnostic approach. Thus, a kidney arteriogram should be
      included in the investigations of nephroepithelioma. Earlier diagnosis may
      improve the rate of recovery from nephroepithelioma which, in children, is about
      30%.

PMID- 1221963
TI  - [Coprologic anomaly in mucoviscidosis. Presence of albumin in low concentration
      in the feces].
AB  - With an immunological technique, presence of albumin was searched in the stools
      of 47 patients with cystic fibrosis and 54 controls. Albumin was found in 93% of
      cystic fibrosis, at a mean level of 90 mg/100 g of fresh stools. The test was
      negative in the 54 healthy controls. It was positive in one case of congenita IgA
      deficiency and in one untreated case of Hirschprung's disease. When found in the
      stools, albumin may give a useful additional diagnostic element.

PMID- 1221964
TI  - [IgG type autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a 7-week-old infant].
AB  - A 7 week old infant was admitted for auto-immune hemolytic anemia, of progressive
      onset. Auto-antibodies were of IgG nature and of anti-e and anti-nl specificity.
      Treatment associated transfusions of leukocyte-free blood and corticosteroids
      reaching 4,5 mg/kg/day. Hemolysis stopped after 15 days and corticosteroid
      therapy was stopped without incident over 30 days. One month later, the clinical
      status was excellent, blood count was normal and immuno-hematological tests were
      negative. This case is a new one of the few auto-immune hemolytic anemias in
      children under 3 months of age. All showed an adequate immune development
      allowing the typical clinical and biological picture of an auto-immune disease,
      in spite of the classical idea of immunological immaturity, at this age.

PMID- 1221967
TI  - [Autosomal dominant inheritance of "restless legs" through three successive
      generations].

PMID- 1221966
TI  - [Karyotypes of mammals and birds. The problem of the microchromosomes. Some
      remarks about the evolution of chromosomes].

PMID- 1221965
TI  - [Familial hemolytic-uremic syndrome with normal renal biopsy].
AB  - Five children from 3 different families, presented several attacks of hemolytic
      uremic syndrome with peculiar features:--in 4/5 children the disease was
      familial; 4 presented 2 attacks, the 5th 3 attacks, separated by several months
      or years of time-interval;--the "bouts" were constantly marked by the initial
      high level of reticulocytes, rapid recovery of hematuria, renal failure and
      thrombocytopenia;--overall, repeated biopsies of the kidney never showed any
      lesion of the basement membrane of the glomerular capillaries or of the
      arteriolar walls leading to the diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy;--all
      etiological enquiries to precise the cause of chronic hemolysis were negative.

PMID- 1221968
TI  - [Hematological and genetic investigations of a family affected with May-Hegglin
      anomaly].

PMID- 1221969
TI  - [Available computer programs in preventive genetics].

PMID- 1221970
TI  - The origin of chromosome aberrations in mature sperm of Drosophila: influence of
      sodium fluoride on treatments with trenimon and 1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene.

PMID- 1221971
TI  - [The reaction of 2,4-dioxo-3-methyl-3-azabicyclo (3,3,1) nonane with
      organometallic reagents. 1. Structure of the reaction products].

PMID- 1221972
TI  - [The reaction of 2,4-dioxo-3-azabicyclo(3,3,1)nonane with organometallic
      reagents, 2: cyclization and reduction of 3-(diphenyl-hydroxymethyl)
      cyclohexanecarboxylic acid-N-methylamide (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221973
TI  - [Binary systems of enantiomeric nicotine derivatives (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221974
TI  - [Quantitative thin-layer-chromatography. Evaluation of in situ fluorimetric
      analyses by two point regression (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221975
TI  - [Synthesis and reactivity of some alpha-bromoketals (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221977
TI  - [The reactivity of dimethyl croconate towards methylene active species (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1221976
TI  - [Nitraza-alkanoic acids and their derivatives (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221978
TI  - [The course of amidoalkylation of (N-acetyl-alpha-chloro-glycinic)
      pentadeuterobenzene (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221979
TI  - [Imidazo(4,5-g)quinolines (author's transl)].

PMID- 1221980
TI  - [Photoisomerization of chalepensin to rutolide (Clausindin)].

PMID- 1221981
TI  - [Blood histamine during submaximal muscular work].
AB  - Blood histamine was measured in 20 healthy males before and after performance of
      rectangular type submaximal work. The results show that following muscular work
      there is an increase in the blood concentration of the substance in all the
      subjects examined, the average increase being 33% although variations from one
      subject to another were considerable. It is hypothesized that the increase in the
      histamine level can be explained by admitting an increase in histidine
      decarboxylase activity at tissue level with consequent synthesis of a greater
      quantity of histamine. It is also hypothesized that an excess of blood histamine
      may be of importance in the organism's general adaptation reaction to stress.

PMID- 1221982
TI  - [Some considerations on the postphlebitic syndrome].
AB  - After a brief description of the aetiopathogenetic aspects of the phlebitic and
      postphlebitic syndrome, medical and surgical therapies for this syndrome are
      reviewed. A derivative of the phenybutazone group (Febutol) is then discussed and
      its considerable effectiveness emphasized.

PMID- 1221983
TI  - [Use of methyl partricin suspension in the oral diseases due to Candida species].
AB  - The effect of a new polyene antibiotic prepared in an oral suspension (SPA methyl
      partricin) was studied in 29 nurselings with thrush. The results are compared
      with those obtained in two uniform groups treated with nystatin and gentian
      violet respectively. The new substance proved more effective in each case. Local
      and general tolerance were excellent.

PMID- 1221985
TI  - [Bases of infusional therapy. Note. I. Fluid balance].
AB  - The complex hydroelectrolytic problem is examined by a study of the physiology
      and physiopathology of fluids, electrolytes and proteins. A number of interesting
      critical and clinical problems of use in the pre- and postoperative treatment of
      surgical patients and in cases where a change in the hydroelectric balance takes
      place, are involved. Therapy is facilitated if needs are calculated on the basis
      of the three basic principles: 1) daily physiological need; 2) replacement of
      physiological losses; 3) elimination of the existing deficiency.

PMID- 1221984
TI  - [Effect of x-rays on the hemolytic substances of the Yoshida ascites tumor].
AB  - Ricinoleic-like haemolytic substances were isolated from tumour cells and
      peritoneal liquid fractions in rats with Yoshida's ascities hepatoma. Their
      activity was measured by means of photometric techniques. Crossed haemolytic
      tests showed differences in the choice expressed by these substances for the red
      cells of animals of various species. Whole body irradiation led to changes in the
      quantity of these substances. Their metabolism was examined by administering 3H2-
      and 14C6-labelled oleic acid. A variety of results was observed. Microscopic
      examination of target red cells in a study of the oleic acid-lysine-membrane bond
      confirmed the results given by the densitometer.

PMID- 1221986
TI  - [A comparative microspectrophotometric study of the concentration of DNA in the
      cells of laryngeal tumors in histologic and cytologic preparations].
AB  - A microspectrophotometric study of DNA content in nuclei of cells of the normal
      larynx mucosa, papiloma, epithelial layer of fibromas, areas of atypical
      hyperplasia of the epithelium of papillomas, intraepithelial cancer, squamous
      cell carcinoma of the larynx, matastases in the regional lymph nodes, was carried
      out on the basis of bioptic and operation materials. A total of 82 histological
      sections and 50 cytological preparations (impressions) obtained from the same
      specimens of the tissue were investigated. The microspectrophotometric
      investigation revealed the growth of DNA "accumulation indices" from stratified
      squamous epithelium (2.5) through atypical proliferation (3.9) to squamous-cell
      carcinoma of the larynx (8.2) and its metastases (12.4). The DNA content in
      intrapithelial cancer was higher than that in invasive squamous-cell carcinoma.
      Determination of the type of distribution of nuclei of cells of a tumour in
      cytological and histological preparations (in growth zones) according to ploidity
      and of characteristic features of the tissue with the help of the generalized
      "accumulation index" of DNA may be helpful as objective tests in morphological
      diagnosis of precancer and cancer processes in the larynx and in taking decisions
      concerning their prognosis.

PMID- 1221988
TI  - [Gastric biopsy in the diagnosis of stomach diseases].
AB  - An analysis of changes in the mucosa typical of chronic ulcer, polyp, gastric
      cancer and chronic gastritis was carried out on the basis of gastrobiopsy
      specimens. All these diseases were characterized by rearrangement of the mucosa,
      which manifested itself in atrophy of the specialized glandular parenchyma,
      proliferation of pavement-cuboidal and colomnar epithelium, intestinal
      metaplasia, and hypermucoidization of the stomach glands. Certain difficulties
      presents diagnosis based on gastrobiopsy specimens of cricoid, granulating and
      trabecular cancer. Of a decisive significance in the diagnosis of carcinoma is
      the presence in the mucosa proper of cricoid cells, which are stained with
      mucicarmine and give positive Schick-reaction, or pironinophilic epithelial
      ligaments not forming glandular lumens. The author analyses, on the basis of his
      personal experience, cases of hyperdiagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Proliferating
      glandular parenchyma, proliferation of pavement-cuboidal and colomnar epithelium,
      epithelial regenerates, and elements of the granulation tissue from the fundus of
      an ulcerative defect were taken for cancer.

PMID- 1221989
TI  - [Malignant African lymphoma].
AB  - The article sets forth clinico-anatomical characteristics of Burkkit's lymphoma
      (50 observations). The investigation was carried out in the granted hospital in
      Kenya, were the authors had worked from 1967 to 1971. A histological feature of
      the tumour was a peculiar picture of the "starry sky", which was associated with
      the presence of large histiocytesmacrophages among prolypherating lymphoid cells,
      a cytological feature being the availability of vacuoles in the nucleus and
      cytoplasma. In the majority of cases Burkkit's tumour had multicentrical growth,
      most often localizations were jaws and ovaries. The authors observed in some
      cases considerable therapeutic effect of chemical preparations.

PMID- 1221987
TI  - [Cytologic diagnosis of different histologic forms of lung cancer].
AB  - Parallel cytological and histological investigations in 511 patients with of the
      lung cancer confirmed the possibility of verification of a tumour form on the
      basis of cytological preparations. Determination of cancer forms is carried out
      on the basis of the same principle criteria which are used in a histological
      investigation. The first stage of diagnosis consists in search for cellular,
      structural and functional signs of epidermoid and glandular differentiation. In
      the absence of these, there are grounds to consider the diagnosis to be non
      differentiated cancer with subdivisions into micro- and macrocellular variants.
      Squamous-cell carcinoma with cornification highly differentiated adenocarcinoma
      and non-differentiated microcellular cancer possess characteristic features
      ensuring a highly reliable-cytological diagnosis. Cytological diagnosis of
      squamous-cell cancer was correct in 95.3% of cases, that of non-differentiated
      microcellular cancer-in 87.1%, and that of glandular cancer-in 81.2% of cases.
      The majority of errors made in verification of squamous-cell and glandular cancer
      were made with respect to their poorly differentiated forms which have no
      reliable cytological characteristics. The last statement is also true with
      respect to non-differentiated macrocellular cancer of the lung.

PMID- 1221991
TI  - [The relationship between age, different degrees of atherosclerosis and
      comparative morphofunctional characteristics of the adenohypophysis].
AB  - A total of 65 adenohypophyses of male and female patients who had suffered from
      latent and manifesting forms of atherosclerosis, and 43 adenohypophyses of
      practically healthy people (withoug atherosclerosis) were studied. The
      morphometrical method of investigation was broadly used in this work, which made
      it possible to carry out mathematical treatment of the data obtained. The most
      drastic changes in the structure of the adenohypophysis were noted in cases in
      whom death had occurred as a result of acute coronary insufficiency which was
      considered as a variant of stress situation in the organism. An intimate
      connection between the morphofunctional state of the adenohypophysis and
      histomorphological changes in the peripheral endocrine glands depending upon age,
      sex and manifestation of atherosclerosis is shown.

PMID- 1221990
TI  - [Combined lung cancer and systemic scleroderma].
AB  - The article presents data of the literature and the author's personal two
      observations on combination of systemic scleroderma and cancer of the lungs.
      According to the data obtained, the most frequent forms of neoplasms in this
      combination were tumours of an adenomatous structure. A decisive role in the
      machanism of development of adenomatosis of the lungs was played by septo
      alveolar sclerosis which led to rearrangement of the lung tissue. Potential
      malignancy of adenomatosis of the lungs in systemic sclerodermia was closely
      connected with participation of a "defective" collagen of the embryonic type in
      the formation of the basal membrane of the alveolar epithelium, as well as with
      the predominance among the tumour cells of granular pneumocytes of the B type
      characteristic of the embryonal period of mammals.

PMID- 1221992
TI  - [The morphologic basis for the mechanism of increased serum acid phosphatase
      activity in patients with viral hepatitis].
AB  - The activity of acid phosphotase in the blood serum and punctates of the liver
      was studied in 49 patients with acute cyclic form of viral hepatitis of slight
      and medium-grave course with the use of histological and histochemical methods.
      The degree of manifestation of necrotic changes in the punctate tissue was
      determined with the help of the stereometric method. As a result of the studies
      conducted, it was established that the degree of hyperfermentemia was the highest
      at the period when the disease was in full swing, and that it did not depend on
      the form of its course and extent of necrotic changes observed in the liver
      punctates. The authors consider a morphological evidence of high activity of acid
      phosphotase in the blood serum aggregations of large hepatocytes, cytoplasm of
      which was loaded with mature lipofuscin, the topographic identity of the latter
      with acid phosphotase at present being proved.

PMID- 1221993
TI  - [A large hepatocellular adenoma of the liver in an 82-year-old patient
      (histologic and cytometric findings)].
AB  - A very rare case of tumour of the liver--hepatocellular adenoma is described. A
      solitary tumour of the liver was observed in 82-year-old man who had died of
      myocardial infarction. The tumour was 10 cm in dimetre, consisted of one-type
      cells which were considerably smaller than hepacytes (their diametres were
      respectively: 11.6+/-0.0107 and 18.33+/-0.163 mum the diametre of nuclei was-
      5.64+/-0.048 and 7.25+/-0.074 mum). These lesions were combined with
      adenocarcinoma of the gastric stump, the stomach having been resected 17 years
      previously due to malignization of a polyp.

PMID- 1221994
TI  - [A study of the processes of development of malignant tumors using somatic cell
      hybridization].
AB  - A survey of the latest data associated with the analysis of the mechanisms of
      cancerogenesis with the help of hybridization of somatic cells is presented.
      Results of the investigations showing that malignization is not a dominant
      feature are discussed. A possible role of hybridization of cells in vivo in the
      genesis of tumours is indicated.

PMID- 1221995
TI  - Overdosage - the rise and fall of tricyclic antidepressants.

PMID- 1221996
TI  - Pneumothorax.

PMID- 1221997
TI  - Experience with automated history taking in paediatrics.

PMID- 1221998
TI  - Prolonged nasotracheal intubation or tracheostomy in acute
      laryngotracheobronchitis and epiglottitis?

PMID- 1221999
TI  - The origin of clinodactyly and brachymesophalangy of the fifth finger.

PMID- 1222000
TI  - The use of synthetic diets in surgical patients.

PMID- 1222001
TI  - Neonatal pleural effusion.

PMID- 1222002
TI  - Corticosteroids and avascular necrosis of the femoral head in childhood.

PMID- 1222003
TI  - Pathogenicity of a strain of feline calicivirus for domestic kittens.
AB  - A strain of feline calicivirus, isolated from a cheetah exhibiting ulcerative
      glossitis and conjunctivitis, was administered by aerosol to 4 domestic cats and
      by contact to a fifth cat. Despite the limited number of animals available for
      the experiment, the pathogenicity of the virus strain for domestic cats was
      established. In aerosol-infected animals, clinical signs were referable to
      infection of both upper and lower respiratory tracts. The virus produced an
      interstitial pneumonia which, early in infection, was uncomplicated by secondary
      bronchopneumonia. The in-contact cat exhibited clinical signs referable to
      infection of the oral cavity only and no lesions were noted in the lower
      respiratory tract at autopsy. Ulcerative glossitis was a feature of the disease
      in aerosol-infected and in-contact cats. The virus was isolated from the pharynx
      of all cats for up to 21 days after infection and from the tonsils at autopsy.
      The tonsils were considered to be a probable site of multiplication of virus in
      "carrier" cats.

PMID- 1222004
TI  - Cardiac monitoring during exercise tests in the horse. 1. Magnetic tape recording
      in preference to radio-telemetry.
AB  - Different techniques for monitoring cardiac responses to exercise in the horse
      have been described and evaluated. For experimental work of this type in a normal
      training and racing environment, the electrode system described when used with a
      portable magnetic tape recording system provided the best means of obtaining
      useful and reproducible data.

PMID- 1222005
TI  - Immunity to Streptococcus equi.
AB  - Using the long chain test, and in some cases the bactericidal test, to measure
      antibody, the development of the immune response in horses to Str. equi has been
      followed. Long chain indices in excess of 5.0, accompanied by strong bactericidal
      capacity, were recorded in serums after the full 3-dose immunisation course with
      a commercial vaccine. The full course elicited the most satisfactory antibody
      titres declined within the 12 month post-vaccination period, thus providing
      support for the recommendation that yearly booster doses should be administered.
      The immune response in horses during 2 strangles outbreaks was compared with the
      response following vaccination. Recovered animals showed declining antibody
      levels 9 weeks after infection, and the evidence does not support longevity of
      the immune response after natural infection. Reaction to vaccination was observed
      in those animals with high initial antibody titre.

PMID- 1222006
TI  - A comparison of commercial Mycoplasma gallisepticum antigens in the rapid serum
      agglutination test.
AB  - Twenty-three chickens, aged 9 weeks, were housed in contact with a similar group
      of chickens which were infected with M. gallisepticum. The onset and development
      of the serum agglutinin responses which were detected by 3 commercial antigens
      using rapid serum agglutination tests up to 20 weeks of age, differed greatly
      both between the infected and in-contact groups and, within the latter group,
      between the antigens. Few reactions, which were weak and transient, were detected
      in 2 similar groups of chickens, neither infected with M. gallisepticum but 1
      vaccinated at 12 and 17 weeks of age with killed Pasteurella multocida oil
      adjuvant vaccine.

PMID- 1222007
TI  - Advancing with the Australian Veterinary Association.

PMID- 1222008
TI  - Letter: Akabane disease: epizootic abortion, premature birth, stillbirth and
      congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly in cattle, sheep and goats caused by
      Akabane virus.

PMID- 1222009
TI  - Letter: Congenital abnormalities in foetal lambs after inoculation of pregnant
      ewes with Akabane virus.

PMID- 1222010
TI  - Letter: Observations on breech strike in scouring sheep.

PMID- 1222011
TI  - Letter: Horner's syndrome.

PMID- 1222012
TI  - Letter: Transmission of Echinococcus granulosus granulosus from kangaroos to
      domestic dogs.

PMID- 1222014
TI  - Thermographic evaluations of haemangiomas.

PMID- 1222013
TI  - Acute infantile prurigo: clinico-pathological correlation in one hundred cases.

PMID- 1222015
TI  - The skin of the newborn.

PMID- 1222016
TI  - Preliminary studies of immunoglobulins in contact dermatitis.

PMID- 1222017
TI  - Dermatology in Australia: a survey of private practice.

PMID- 1222018
TI  - Congenital and genetic skin disorders with tumour formation.

PMID- 1222019
TI  - [The physician's tasks and responsibilities in the pluralistic society].

PMID- 1222020
TI  - [The evaluation of causal relations between primary traumatic lesions and
      secondary kidney changes].

PMID- 1222021
TI  - [Changes in the LDH-isoenzyme pattern during wound healing].

PMID- 1222022
TI  - [Lethal subarachnoidal hemorrhage from a cerebellar angioma following a blunt
      violent injury].

PMID- 1222024
TI  - [Injury and suicide].

PMID- 1222023
TI  - [Accident and suicide from a medical insurance viewpoint].

PMID- 1222026
TI  - [Death from psychological reactions].

PMID- 1222025
TI  - [The frequency of pulmonary edema in death from hanging].

PMID- 1222027
TI  - [Individual causation and responsibility in lethal accidents].

PMID- 1222028
TI  - [Injuries in killings by trampling under foot].

PMID- 1222029
TI  - [The motivation of the physician's behavior in correlation to the legalization of
      abortion].

PMID- 1222030
TI  - [The diagnosis of electrocution].

PMID- 1222031
TI  - [Hypnotics intoxication].

PMID- 1222032
TI  - [GC-MS in clinical toxicological analyses].

PMID- 1222033
TI  - [The value of the mass spectrometer for forensic toxicology].

PMID- 1222034
TI  - [Gas chromatographic identification of unknown substances from body fluids by
      means of retention indices].

PMID- 1222035
TI  - [Mortality from poisonings in Switzerland. First results].

PMID- 1222036
TI  - [Protracted CO2-poisoning].

PMID- 1222037
TI  - [Bromide concentrations in urine and blood in acute and chronic intoxications
      with bromurea derivatives].

PMID- 1222038
TI  - [Sources of errors in the interpretation of chemical-toxicological data with
      special reference to bromide-urea and benzodiazepin analyses].

PMID- 1222039
TI  - [Toxicological analysis: test studies VI].

PMID- 1222040
TI  - [Practical experiences on the value of the HL-A system in 70 paternity trials
      with 71 children and 89 men].

PMID- 1222041
TI  - [Utilization of posttransferrin polymorphisms in paternity probability].

PMID- 1222042
TI  - [Electrophoretic studies on the heterogeneity of sperm acid phosphatase and their
      use in trace studies].

PMID- 1222044
TI  - [Forensic-odontological studies on unknown cadavers].

PMID- 1222043
TI  - [The value of tetracycline fluorochromation for the identification of skeletal
      finds].

PMID- 1222045
TI  - [The determination of absolute close-range shots. Comparative studies by means of
      light microscope, flameless atomic absorption and radiospectrometry].

PMID- 1222046
TI  - [Thermoanalytical determination of plastics].

PMID- 1222048
TI  - [Witness description of signs of drunkenness].

PMID- 1222047
TI  - [The scene of the crime in teaching].

PMID- 1222049
TI  - [The participation of soldoers in drunken crimes in Mid-Hesse from 1961 to 1973].

PMID- 1222050
TI  - [Neck injuries in safety belt-protected car passengers in a simulated frontal
      collision].

PMID- 1222051
TI  - [Fatal accidents in sports diving].

PMID- 1222052
TI  - [Electrical and morphological basic processes in injuries with low voltage
      alternating current].

PMID- 1222053
TI  - [Hanging or strangulation?--Sleeping tablet poisoning].

PMID- 1222054
TI  - [Determination of ABO groups in histological specimens].

PMID- 1222056
TI  - [Euthanasia].

PMID- 1222055
TI  - [Current problems of the physician's duty to perform within the framework of drug
      therapy].

PMID- 1222057
TI  - [The Hungarian transplantation law].

PMID- 1222059
TI  - [The medical disciplinary law in Austria].

PMID- 1222058
TI  - [Abortion because of other the desired fetal sex?].

PMID- 1222060
TI  - [The postmortal protein catabolism].

PMID- 1222061
TI  - [Postmortism lipid metabolism].

PMID- 1222063
TI  - [Death within the framework of emotional stress].

PMID- 1222062
TI  - [Distribution pattern of rigor mortis in various joint regions].

PMID- 1222064
TI  - [Experimental venous thrombosis induced in dogs by electric stimulation of venous
      wall (author's transl)].
AB  - The Authors describe an experimental method to induce venous thrombosis in dogs
      by venous walls electric stimulation. The aspects of thrombogenesis, the
      evolution of thrombus and venous wall lesions at level of primary thrombus as
      well as extensive thrombosis, are studied. These studies based on histological
      findings at different steps from electric stimulation.

PMID- 1222065
TI  - [Cesarean section and breech presentation (author's transl)].
AB  - Out of 14,285 babies born in the 5-year period from 1970 to 1974, the AA.
      observed 3,39% of breech presentations, of which 46,80% assisted through the
      vagina and 53,20% by cesarean section. The perinatal mortality was 13,19% (with
      respect to the total number of breech presentations) and 1,93% in cases where
      cesarean section took place. If, however, we exclude cases of deaths in newborn
      whose weight was lower than 2,500 gms., the total mortality from breech delivery
      can be reduced to 1,69% of all breech presentations. From this we can deduce that
      the most important cause of death is connected not so much with difficulties
      related to presentation as with premature delivery and low birth-weight. In
      breech delivery by vaginal assistance, the risk of perinatal mortality proved to
      be not much greater in the primipara than in the pluripara. The criteria guiding
      the choice between vaginal assistance and cesarean section are examined in the
      light of various suggestions made by different Authors in recent years.

PMID- 1222066
TI  - [Maternal and foetal aminoacidaemia and amino acids contents of amniotic fluid in
      normal, gestosic and diabetic pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - The AA. have examined 9 cases of normal pregnancy, 5 cases of E.P.H. gestosis and
      5 cases of diabetes mellitus, for which cases caesarean section had been planed,
      determining the aminogram of the amniotic fluid, of the mother's venous plasma
      and of the umbilical venous plasma; the 3 samples were performed about
      contemporaneously. Both in the normal pregnancies and in those complicated by
      E.P.H. gestosis and by diabetes mellitus, the concentration of amino acids was
      higher in the umbilical venous plasma than in that of the mother and higher in
      the latter than in the amniotic fluid, with the exception of glycine, taurine,
      glutammic acid and aspartic acid in the normal pregnancies, of taurine in the
      gestosic pregnancies, of taurine, citrulline, glutammic and aspartic acid in the
      diabetic pregnancies.

PMID- 1222067
TI  - [Osteomalacia from phosphate-binding substances (author's transl)].
AB  - A case is told with osseous fractures occurred during uremia in a periodically
      dialyzed man treated with phosphate-binding substances in excessive doses. The
      healing time is studied to value the effectiveness of normalized phosphatemia and
      the vitamin D treatment necessity.

PMID- 1222068
TI  - [The physics in radiotherapy (author's transl)].
AB  - The knowledge of the physics is enphasized for the comprehension of the
      theoretical and practical application of radiotherapy and radiobiology.

PMID- 1222069
TI  - [Mathematical determination of treatment schedules according NSD concepts in
      radiotherapy (author's transl)].
AB  - A number of formulae are given enabling to solve mathematically, on the basis of
      the NSD concepts, many problems in practical radiotherapy. Detailed examples are
      reported.

PMID- 1222070
TI  - Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: relation of vascular
      resistance to abnormal lung structure.

PMID- 1222071
TI  - Differential labelling of origins of urinary catecholamine metabolites by
      dopamine-C14.

PMID- 1222072
TI  - [Comparison between the way of intravenous administration of flagellin from
      Salmonella typhosa to the margial vein in the ear and into the mesenteric
      superior vein. Preliminary note].
AB  - Rabbits receiving three injections of PFA intravenously in ear, after that first
      treatment gave a weak antibody response, after the second one a rapid and copious
      increase of agglutination titre; the third injection induced a very small
      increase. In rabbits injected with PFA in superior mesenteric vein the first
      injection produced a little effect, the second induced a little effect too; the
      third injection performed in auricular vein, gave a substancial rapid and copious
      antibody response. This behaviour is similar to that obtained after the second
      injection in the first set of experiments. The PFA injected two times in
      mesenteric vein caused certainly a massive phagocytosis of antigen by Kupffer
      cells. Nevertheless this copious phagocytosis can exercise only an action of
      "priming", not a response of secondary type. For this purpose it is necessary an
      injection in the ear vein to provoke a direct intervention of lymphonodal
      reticular phagocytes. The phenomenon can be related to the proteic nature of the
      antigen.

PMID- 1222073
TI  - [HBsAg and HBsAb in carriers and their families].
AB  - Relatives of 98 Au antigen carriers were examined (positivity by AUSRIA II-125),
      already donors at the Immunotransfusion Centre of Trieste General Hospitals,
      totalling 106 cases: 98 out of same were represented by their wives and children,
      older than 7 years. 8 of the wives were HB,sAg (8.2%) positive and 90 negative:
      children were all antigen negative. In wives and children the presence of
      eventual anti-HBsAg antibodies by means of AUSAb technique (Abbott) was
      investigated obtaining 29 positive (29.3%) and 69 negative sera. With Dr. Lacy's
      (Abbott Diagnostic Division) collaboration the typing of HBsAg and HBsAb found
      was performed in order to obtaine epidemiological informations.

PMID- 1222074
TI  - "Transfer factor" therapy in infectious diseases.
AB  - The world literature on transfer factor treatment in infectious diseases was
      examined. Even with the limits due to the incomplete knowledge of the substances,
      its use is worthy of further study in the field of infectious diseases.

PMID- 1222075
TI  - [Changes in some enzyme activities in rat organs after administration of 5-HT and
      hyperbaric treatment at 4 ATA. Note I].

PMID- 1222076
TI  - [Changes in some enzyme activities in rat organs after administration of 5-HT and
      hyperbaric treatment at 5 ATA. Note II].

PMID- 1222077
TI  - [Immunological identity of lenticular antigens and antigens of microsomal
      fractions of the chick-embryo brain].

PMID- 1222078
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the nucleolus during development of Paracentrotus lividus in
      the presence of actinomycin D].

PMID- 1222079
TI  - [Cardiovascular effects of gastrin. Note 3. Effects of endogenous
      hypergastrinemia caused by a protein meal on ventricular systole times].

PMID- 1222080
TI  - [Cardiovascular effects of gastrin. Note 4. Effect of practolol on the
      cardiovascular responses to endogenous hypergastrinemia].

PMID- 1222081
TI  - [The cycle of calcium and phosphorus in the molting cycle of isopods studied by x
      ray microanalysis].

PMID- 1222082
TI  - [Histofunctional aspects of some isopod glands].

PMID- 1222083
TI  - [Changes in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydorgenase activities
      in the thyroid gland of guinea pigs acclimated to heat].

PMID- 1222084
TI  - [Plasma levels and urinary elimination of glaziovine after oral and intravenous
      administration in conscious dogs].

PMID- 1222085
TI  - [Content of lipid classes in different areas of the dog myocardium].

PMID- 1222087
TI  - [Sialic acids in plants. Note III. Sialic acid content of pollens].

PMID- 1222086
TI  - [Detection and determination of synthetic sweeteners in foods and pharmaceutical
      preparations. Preliminary note].

PMID- 1222088
TI  - [Influence of lipids and proteins on the mechanism of the erythrocyte
      sedimentation rate].

PMID- 1222089
TI  - Observations on the purification and composition of gamma crystalline in bovine
      lens.

PMID- 1222090
TI  - [Research on viral hepatitis in ducks. I. Behavior of some hydrolases and lyases
      in the amnio-allantoic fluids of normal and infected embryonated eggs].

PMID- 1222091
TI  - [Research on viral hepatitis in ducks. II. Behavior of some transferases in the
      amnio-allantoic fluids of normal and infected embryonated eggs].

PMID- 1222092
TI  - [Research on viral hepatitis in ducks. III. Behavior of some oxidoreductases in
      the amnio-allantoid fluids of normal and infected embryonated eggs].

PMID- 1222093
TI  - [Changes in some biological parameters in 2 groups of animals exposed to
      experimental hypoxia, of which 1 group was simultaneously perfused with
      perhydrol].

PMID- 1222094
TI  - [Survival time in 2 groups of 2 groups of animals, including one group in
      experimental hypoxia, and the other in the same conditions but perfused with
      perhydrol].

PMID- 1222095
TI  - [Studies of the prolactin functional response to the sulpiride test in patients
      with pituitary adenoma].

PMID- 1222096
TI  - [Circadian changes in serum levels of prolactin in adults].

PMID- 1222097
TI  - [Prevention with sulpiride of the inhibitory effect of L-DOPA on prolactin
      secretion].

PMID- 1222098
TI  - [Ineffectiveness of L-DOPA on hyperprolactinemia induced with sulpiride].

PMID- 1222099
TI  - [Nyctohemeral changes of prolactin in children].

PMID- 1222100
TI  - [Skins of albino animals contain melanin].

PMID- 1222101
TI  - [Erythrocyte survival in horses studied with diisopropylfluorophosphate-H3].

PMID- 1222102
TI  - [Copper, iron and magnesium content of the skin of albino, white, brown and black
      cattle].

PMID- 1222103
TI  - [Biomorphological findings on male Sicilians of the province of Palermo. I.
      Observations on 790 subjects].

PMID- 1222104
TI  - [Biomorphological findings on female Sicilians of the province of Palermo. II.
      Observations on 797 subjects].

PMID- 1222105
TI  - [Biomorphological findings on male Sicilians of the province of Agrigento. III.
      Observations on 602 subjects].

PMID- 1222106
TI  - [Biomorphological findings on female Sicilians of the province of Agrigento. IV.
      Observations on 475 subjects].

PMID- 1222107
TI  - [Biomorphological findings on male Sicilians of the province of Trapani. V.
      Observations on 660 subjects].

PMID- 1222108
TI  - [Biomorphological findings on female Sicilians of the province of Trapani. VI.
      Observations on 567 subjects].

PMID- 1222109
TI  - [Further studies of the anti-complement activity of the blood of patients with
      neoplastic processes].

PMID- 1222110
TI  - [Behavior of blood gases, blood lactates and acid-base equilibrium in albino rats
      at rest and in muscular fatigue, after administration of beta
      phenylisopropylamine or methamphetamine].

PMID- 1222111
TI  - [Determination of chloramphenicol and vitamin C in drug combinations using gas
      chromatography and non-aqueous titrimetry].

PMID- 1222112
TI  - [Biochemical studies of bovine hydatid fluid. XX. Determination of adenosine
      phosphates (adenosine-5'-monophosphate, adenosine-5'-diphosphate, adenosine-5'
      triphosphate)].

PMID- 1222113
TI  - [Biochemical studies of bovine hydatid fluid. XXI. Determination of lipid
      substances (total cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides,
      nonesterified fatty acids and phosphatides)].

PMID- 1222115
TI  - [Micromorpholigical observation on the intrahepatic blood vessels of guinea
      pigs].

PMID- 1222114
TI  - [Biochemical studies of bovine hydatid fluid. XXII. Determination of some
      products of the metabolism of nitrate (creatinine, and urea) and of carbohydrates
      (pyruvate)].

PMID- 1222116
TI  - Histochemical examination of lysosomal exzymes in necrotic proximal renal tubules
      of albino rats.
AB  - The lysosomal enzymatic activity of the necrotic proximal tubules was examined by
      light microscopy and electron microscopy in 24- and 48-h focal renal cortical
      necrosis induced by administration of oestrogen and posterior pituitary extract
      in rats. Organelles exhibiting acid phosphatase activity can also be seen in the
      necrotic cells but these differ in size and structure from the lysosomes of
      normal cells. The cytoplasmic nonspecific esterase and thioacetic acid hydrolase
      activities decrease considerably or disappear, although some morphologically
      damaged, but active, lysosomes can be observed. The role of thelysosomal enzymes
      is seen not in the development of the necrosis but rather in the breaking down of
      the already necrotic cell constituents.

PMID- 1222117
TI  - A light and electron microscopic study of the changes in the duodenal mucosa
      induced by sustained pentagastrin stimulation of gastic acid secretion in young
      rats.
AB  - The histological and electron microscopic changes in the duodenal mucosa have
      been studied over an 8-week experimental period in rats whose gastric acid
      secretion was stimulated by pentagastrin in a medium of beeswax and mineral oil,
      and in controls that received injections of beeswax and mineral oil only. The
      changes leading of final disintegration of the epithelium are described in
      detail. The main aim of the experiment--to induce mucous change in the duodenal
      mucosa--was not realized.

PMID- 1222118
TI  - The influence of experimental distemper infection on the distribution of lead in
      dogs previously subacutely intoxicated with lead carbonate.
AB  - The ability of experimental canine distemper infection to mobilize body lead
      deposits has been studied in Beagle dogs previously subacutely intoxicated with
      lead carbonate. For comparative purposes dogs were included which had either
      received lead only or distemper only or remained undosed. It was found that in
      dogs predosed with lead, distemper infection resulted in a significant increase
      in lead levels in blood and urine; this coincided with the peak body temperatures
      reached on the third day post infection. It was also found that the lead content
      of the liver and bone of these dogs was considerably higher than that of dogs
      receiving lead alone; at the same time bone phosphorus showed a marked decrease
      while bone calcium values remained similar to undosed controls.

PMID- 1222119
TI  - A comparison of the effectiveness of some anti-inflammatory drugs on thermal
      oedema.
AB  - The efficacy of a group of anti-inflammatory drugs with similar modes of action
      was tested on thermal oedema. Of these, coumarin and sodiumrutin-sulphate were
      most effective. A combination of these, marketed as Venolot, although still
      beneficial, was not as effective as either given singly. The other drugs tested-
      levamisole, Reparil and Venoruton--although also of some benefit in treatment of
      this oedema, did not approach the overall effectiveness of coumarin of sodium
      rutin-sulphate. Both drugs are characterized by a very wide safety margin between
      the therapeutic and the toxic dose. In addition, they are cheap, easy to obtain
      and can be taken orally. They work by stimulating phagocytosis, enzyme production
      and thus proteolysis and a subsequent removal of protein and oedema fluid from
      the injured tissues.

PMID- 1222121
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of bovine pancreatic colipase.
AB  - Three molecular forms of colipase (colipases A, B and C) with the same specific
      activity have been isolated from an acid extract of bovine pancreas. Purification
      includes ammonium sulfate precipitation, ethanol treatment, chromatography on SP
      Sephadex, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and chromatography on QAE-Sephadex.
      The most basic form of bovine colipase (colipase A) has a molecular weight of
      11,000-12,000 daltons and contains 104 residues. Its aminoacid composition is
      very similar to that of the intact form of porcine colipase isolated by Borgstrom
      et al. Colipases from both species have the same N-terminal residue (valine). It
      is likely that bovine colipases B and C represent partially degraded forms of
      colipase A. Their cofactor activity, however, is the same.

PMID- 1222120
TI  - Studies on the effect of bile salt and colipase on enzymatic lipolysis. Improved
      method for the determination of pancreatic lipase and colipase.
AB  - The rate of hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides by pure bovine pancreatic
      lipase has been determined in the presence of variable amounts of bile salts and
      colipase. Cofactor-free lipase is strongly inhibited by sodium taurodesoxycholate
      and by mixed bovine bile salts at concentrations higher than the critical
      micellar concentration. Bile salt inhibited lipase is reactivated by the addition
      of bovine colipase. Gel filtration of pancreatic juice from several species (Cow,
      dog, pig) on Sephadex G 100 allows the separation of lipase from colipase. It is
      found that the enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides by
      pancreatic lipase from one species is activated by the addition of colipase from
      other species. Studies on the activation of pancreatic lipase by colipase in the
      presence of bile salts allowed the re-evaluation of optimal conditions for the
      determination of lipase and the development of a procedure to assay colipase.

PMID- 1222122
TI  - The evolution of the genetic code.

PMID- 1222123
TI  - Study on mammalian ribosomal protein reactivity in situ. III. Effect of trypsin
      on 40S and 60S subunits.
AB  - Rat liver 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits were treated with increasing
      concentrations of trypsin. The activity of both trypsin-treated subunits, when
      assayed for polyphenylalanine synthesis, progressively decreased, but the 60S
      subunits were inactivated at much lower trypsin concentrations than were the 40S
      ones. The sedimentation coefficients of trypsin-treated subunits were identical
      to those of control subunits when sucrose gradients containing 0.5 M KCl were
      used. When the sucrose gradients were prepared with a low salt buffer (80 mM
      KCl), dimer formation was observed with control subunits, but not with trypsin
      treated ones. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis of the proteins
      extracted from trypsin-treated subunits revealed that all ribosomal proteins in
      the subunits were accessible to the enzyme. However, several proteins were more
      resistant to trypsin in compact subunits than when they were free or in unfolded
      subunits. Proteins of the 60S subunits were generally digested by lower trypsin
      concentrations than those of the 40S subunits. From the quantitative measurements
      of the undigested proteins, a classification of the proteins from both subunits
      according to their trypsin sensitivity was established. These results were
      compared with those previously obtained concerning ribosomal protein reactivity
      to chemical reagents.

PMID- 1222124
TI  - Transfer of the methyl group of methionine to choline and to tRNA in the honeybee
      Apis mellifica L.
AB  - Contrary to some previous reports on the absence of biological transmethylation
      reactions in some insect species, the transfer of the methyl group of methionine
      methyl 14C leading to choline and to methylated bases in tRNA was shown in the
      honeybee Apis mellifica. The addition of antibiotics to the food of the insect
      does not diminish the incorporation of radioactivity, proving that intestinal
      bacteria are not responsible for the methylation reactions observed.

PMID- 1222125
TI  - Human platelets as a source of HL-A antigens : a study of various solubilization
      techniques.
AB  - The efficiency of various methods of solubilizing HL-A platelet antigens was
      investigated. The yield of soluble material was compared with that obtained from
      lymphocytes in culture in order to judge the quality of platelets as a source of
      HL-A antigens. The conclusion was reached that platelets, easily obtainable, can
      be considered as a good source of HL-A antigens.

PMID- 1222126
TI  - [Protein modification by conjugation with heterosaccharides].

PMID- 1222127
TI  - [Polymorphism and glycoprotein character of Ricinus communis lectins purified by
      affinity chromatography].
AB  - Two lectin fractions (S20W = 6,8 and 4,9 S) were purified from Ricinus communis
      seeds. The purification was carried out in four steps : ammonium sulfate
      fractionation, affinity chromatography on Sepharose 4 B, gel filtration on
      Sephadex G 150 and chromatography on CM celluloes. The purified lectins were
      glycoproteins whose chemical composition was determined. Amino terminal analysis
      of the two fractions revealed glycine and serine. Polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis of the higher molecular weight fraction allowed the separation of
      several components with different affinity for PAS staining.

PMID- 1222128
TI  - A double coil chromatin sub-unit model.
AB  - A model is proposed for the structure of DNA in chromatin sub-units. Each sub
      unit is proposed to contain two turns of an inner coil, with a pitch of about 40
      A and an external diameter of 70 A. Around the inner coil is wound, in opposite
      handedness, a slightly larger amount of DNA at a diameter of about 150 A. The
      total contour length consistent with the electron micrographs and X-ray
      scattering is 600-700 A, or about 200 base pairs. It is suggested that the inner
      coil is protein rich and contains all of the histones except H1, which is
      associated with the outer coil. The double-coil model is consistent with previous
      biochemical and biophysical studies of chromatin. The existence of 200 and 100
      base pair digestion fragments and a 6 to 1 DNA compaction are readily explained.
      This model is based upon the electron microscopic observation of replicas of
      frozen chromatin and X-ray and neutron scattering. Structural details of 25 A are
      preserved and visualized by the freeze electron microscopy techniques employed.

PMID- 1222129
TI  - Transcription of chromatin from mouse fibroblasts.
AB  - Chromatin purified from mouse fibroblasts can be fractionated after shearing by
      sedimentation in a sucrose gradient into an extended "light" and a compact
      "heavy" component. Further purification of these classically described components
      can be achieved by a second cycle of centrifugation of the light and heavy
      components through an equilibrium density gradient of metrizamide. The light
      component purified from sucrose gradient sediments faster (peak I) on metrizamide
      than its heavy counterpart (peak II). Template activity for DNA directed RNA
      synthesis in the presence of E. coli RNA polymerase is negligible in peak II but
      very pronounced in the peak I fraction. The difference in template activity
      appears to be connected with differences in propagation rather than initiation
      rates. Comparison of gel electrophoresis patterns of proteins indicate that the
      active subcomponent includes high molecular weight components not present in the
      inactive one, but that its histone content is somewhat lower. Using a very highly
      sensitive automatic recording apparatus for the measurement of melting profiles,
      no clear cut difference has been observed in the behaviour of active and inactive
      chromatin subcomponents nor in that of their total DNA.

PMID- 1222130
TI  - Methylation process of mammalian ribosomal precursor RNA.
AB  - The analysis of RNA from L5178 Y cells, by electrophoreis in 1.7% polyacrylamide
      gel, after short time labelling with [methyl-3H] methionine, shows that the three
      molecular species 47S, 46S and 45S RNA from the ribosomal RNA "45S fraction" are
      methylated. Comparative studies of the kinetics obtained after labelling for
      short periods with [methyl-3H] methionine and [3H] uridine, and brief labelling
      experiments with [methyl-3H] methionine in the presence of actinomycin D, show
      that the methylation of ribosomal precursor RNA occurs after the transcription
      process has been completed, and that methylation and transcription are not
      coordinated. These results lead us to propose the following scheme for ribosomal
      RNA biosynthesis : 1) transcription of ribosomal genes, 2) methylation of 47S RNA
      (and possibly 46S RNA), 3) maturation of these molecules which are converted to
      45S RNA.

PMID- 1222131
TI  - Phosphorylation and protein kinase activities of chromosomal non histone proteins
      from chick embryo fibroblasts.
AB  - Confluent chick embryo fibroblasts were cultured in vitro in (i) medium which
      prevented the cells from dividing, (ii) medium which stimulated the cells to
      divide synchronously, (iii) medium without lysine in which the cells were blocked
      in G1. Chromosomal non histone proteins (NHP) were extracted from cells pulse
      labelled with 32P phosphate, and the radioactivity analyzed by acrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Several radioactive peaks were found all along the gel in the
      NHP from confluent and stimulated cells. The highest phosphorylation was found in
      the fast moving proteins, but the stimulation of the cells increases the
      phosphorylation of the slower moving proteins. In the NHP from cells cultured in
      the medium without lysine only the slow migrating proteins were phosphorylated.
      NHP were extracted from unlabelled cell cultures in the three different media,
      incubated with [gamma-32P] ATP and analyzed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis.
      Highly labelled peaks were observed in the fast moving proteins from stimulated
      cells and from cells cultured in a medium deprived from lysine. By comparing in
      vivo and in vitro phosphorylation, it can be concluded that in confluent cells
      the turnover of bound phosphate is slow. In stimulated cells there is a fast
      turnover of the phosphate bound to fast turnover of the phosphate bound to a
      small group of fast migrating proteins and very little turnover of the phosphate
      bound to slow migrating proteins. The cells were incubated with labelled lysine
      and NHP analyzed by gel electrophoresis. The radioactivity of individual NHP
      varied with the culture conditions, but in all cases, there was little
      radioactivity in the fast moving proteins. The phosphate groups submitted to a
      fast turnover are bound to stable proteins. Phosvitin and casein kinase
      activities were measured in the NHP fractions. Nine-ten peaks of activities were
      observed with each substrate. Some variations were observed which apparently
      correlate with the culture conditions.

PMID- 1222132
TI  - [Acetylcholinesterase. I. Kinetic aspects of interaction with reversible
      effectors].
AB  - Interaction of an effector M with acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) according to
      the model of Krupka and Laidler was analysed. Some usual functions of [M] : 1/VM,
      [(VO/VM)-1]/[M] (where VO and VM are the steady state rates in the absence and in
      the presence of modifiers, respectively), vertical intercept 1/VM, slope KM/VM
      and absolute value of reciprocal horizontal intercept KM of Lineweaver-Burk plots
      are investigated and corresponding plots described. It is particularly shown that
      if Dixon plots are curves concave downwards, plots of [VO/VM)-1]/[M] and 1/VM
      against [M] are hyperbolas concave upwards and downwards respectively. If Dixon
      plots are curves concave upwards, plots of [(VO/VM)-1]/[M] and 1/VM versus [M]
      are hyperbolas concave downwards and upwards respectively. Moreover plots of
      KM/VM against [M] are linear. However, this model does not explain some
      observations, under conditions of high ionic strength (gamma/2 greater than or
      equal to 0,1), where Dixon plots are curves concave upwards, plots of [VO/VM)
      1]/[M] versus [M] strainght lines, the plot of 1/VM against [M] is a straight
      line or a curve concave upwards of positives slopes and the plot of KM/VM versus
      [M] a curve of positive slope concave upwards. These experimental data might be
      interpreted by an extension of the preceding model to a mechanism with two
      enzymatic binding sites under kinetic conditions that are determined.

PMID- 1222133
TI  - [Comparative study of phosphopeptides in various animal tissues].
AB  - We determined the phosphopeptide (PP) level in several tissues and compared the
      values to the phosphoprotein and phosphatide level. We studied whole organs and
      subcellular fractions isolated from these organs. The results showed that the PP
      were preferentially localised in membranes. Among all the organs analyzed, the
      electrical organ of "Torpedo marmorata" had the highest PP level. The
      phosphoprotein distribution was different from the PP one; the highest level of
      phosphorproteins was found in nuclei. There was also an increase in
      phosphoprotein level comparing whole tissues and membranes isolated from the same
      tissue. The preferential localisation of PP in membranes is also suggested by the
      parallelism between PP and phosphatide level, which is also higher in membranes
      than in whole organs. The peculiar polyanionic structure, as well as the active
      metabolism and the membranous localisation of PP support the hypothesis that
      these compounds might be good intermediates in active transport mechanisms.

PMID- 1222134
TI  - Free and membrane-boudn ribosomes. V. Iodination of rabbit reticulocyte
      polysomes.

PMID- 1222135
TI  - [Comparative study of erucic and palmitic acid incorporation into phosphatidyl
      cholines in isolated rat heart mitochondria].

PMID- 1222136
TI  - The synthesis of amino acid polymers by thermal condensation at 105 degrees C
      without a catalyst.

PMID- 1222137
TI  - Effect of 2,4 dinitrophenol on mitochondria of Vigna sinensis cv. serido.

PMID- 1222138
TI  - [Characterization of histones from beef pancreas].
AB  - The total histone of ox pancreas was fractionated by electrophoresis on 10 and 25
      cm polyacrylamide gels according to Panyim and Chalkley (1969). The presence of
      an additional subfraction within the lysine rich histone was stated. In the
      course of the fractionation of total histone according to the method of Oliver et
      al. (1972) this additional histone component was extracted together with F1
      histone.

PMID- 1222139
TI  - Evidence for existence of a cerebral mitochondrial mannosyl transferase.

PMID- 1222140
TI  - An electrophoretic study of the effects of deoxycholate on purified rat liver
      cellular membranes.

PMID- 1222141
TI  - Studies on free or haptoglobin-bound hemoglobin and derivatives (semihemoglobins
      and porphyrinated semihemoglobins). Some aspects of their peroxidatic activity.
AB  - The peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin (Hb) is known to be enhanced when this
      hemoprotein is bound to haptoglobin (Hp). The peroxidatic reaction (H2O2,
      guaiacol as donor) has been kinetically studied (Steady-state) in the presence of
      free or rabbit-haptoglobin bound human hemoglobin and some of its derivatives,
      all in ferricyano-form. With free Hb+ CN, we observed linearity of Lineweaver and
      Burk plots in a wide range of concentrations, the donor's behaviour was therefore
      assumed to obey the Michaelis-Menten mechanism. When Hp-Hb+ CN is the enzyme, the
      donor's behaviour is more complicated, analysis shows the existence of two kinds
      of donor's binding sites. The possibility whether this behaviour might correspond
      to the intrinsic properties of Hb chains, as revealed after combination with Hp,
      was examined. The peroxidatic activity of free and Hp-bound alpha and beta chains
      of Hb were studied. The alpha chains of Hb combine with Hp whereas the beta
      chains fail to do so. In order to make useful comparisons, the peroxidatic
      activity of Hp-bound alpha and beta chains were studied by the use of Hp
      semihemoglobin complexes where the semihemoglobins carried heme on only one type
      of chain (alpha or beta). Results did not show an evident correlation between the
      activities of the two free or bound types of chains and those of the two classes
      of binding sites revealed in Hp-Hb+ CN. Moreover, it appeared that the heme-free
      complementary chain might influence the activity of the heme-carrying alpha or
      beta chain in semihemoglobins and Hp-semihemoglobin complexes. The binding or
      protoporphyrin on free and Hp-bound semihemoglobins leads to species which
      exhibit structures close to that of Hb and Hp-Hb complex respectivley. Results of
      studies on these derivatives brought up new interesting data : when the porphyrin
      ring alone is bound to the heme deficient chains (alpha or beta), in Hp
      semihemoglobin complexes, the same peculiar behaviour, already observed with Hp
      Hb complex, is found again. The structural implications of these results are
      discussed.

PMID- 1222142
TI  - Modification of pyruvate kinase isozymes in prolonged primary cultures of adult
      rat hepatocytes.
AB  - Pyruvate kinase isozymic changes were studied in the adult hepatocyte cultures,
      by electrophoretic, kinetic and immunological methods. We were able to maintain
      parenchymal cells from normal adult rat liver in non-proliferating monolayer
      cultures up to 10 days. Hepatocytes appeared to contain a dominant PK I type up
      to 4-5 days of culture. After day 5, PK III type was regularly present with PK I
      and after 7 days PK III type was always the only isozyme detected in culture. It
      must be pointed out that, by the Ouchterlony method and sometimes by
      electrophoresis, concentrated extracts from freshly isolated hepatocytes or
      starting hepatocyte cultures did also contain Pyruvate kinase PK III type. These
      results suggest that Pyruvate kinase III is present but partly repressed in the
      adult parenchymal cells and becomes derepressed in culture.

PMID- 1222143
TI  - [Substrates and products of fatty acid elongation in mouse brain microsomes].
AB  - In brain microsomes, palmitate and stearate elongation involve a membrane lipid
      bound substrate. After elongation by malonyl-CoA, acyl-products are partially
      bound to proteins. Acyl-proteins are not found when endogenous fatty acid
      elongation takes place. In the dysmyelinating Quaking mouse mutants, "stearyl
      membrane" substrate formation is normal; thus, the deficiency observed in very
      long chain fatty acid formation is not due to a lack in substrate formation.

PMID- 1222144
TI  - Special features of Pi transport in pig heart and rat liver mitochondria as
      revealed by 6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid (CPDS).
AB  - CPDS (6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid), a non permeant thiol agent which affects
      several mitochondrial functions in a way different to that of mersalyl [18-19]
      revealed striking differences between the phosphate translocating systems of pig
      heart and rat liver mitochondria. Pi entry was measured either by swelling in
      0.12 M ammonium phosphate or by rapid centrifugation in 32Pi medium. Pi efflux
      was measured after preloading of mitochondria with 32Pi, by exchange against Pi
      or malate; the "ATP-FCCP" system has been tested previously [19]. In pig heart
      mitochondria, Pi entry seems to proceed exclusively via the Pi/OH- carrier; CPDS
      completely inhibits this transport and the energy-linked functions. In contrast n
      butyl-malonate does not affect the Pi-entry and the energy-linked functions. The
      Pi efflux is not affected either by CPDS or mersalyl, which do not produce a
      swelling in the "ATP-uncoupler system". In rat liver mitochondria, CPDS inhibits
      only the Pi/OH- carrier; both CPDS and n-butylmalonate are necessary to inhibit
      completely Pi entry. CPDS as well as mersalyl provokes a swelling in the presence
      of the "APT-uncoupler system". The results suggest two distinct functions of
      phosphate transport in both types of mitochondria.

PMID- 1222145
TI  - [Selective solubilization of Spiroplasma citri membrane proteins with sodium
      desoxycholate].

PMID- 1222146
TI  - Preparation of nuclear particles and nucleosol without cross-contamination.

PMID- 1222147
TI  - A simple method for the determination of total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in small
      urine samples.

PMID- 1222148
TI  - Purification and characterization of ovine pancreatic alpha - amylase.
AB  - Ovine pancreatic amylase has been purified from pancreas homogenate by ammonium
      sulfate, acetone precipitation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography and finally by
      specific adsorption on polydextran gel. The enzyme is homogeneous and found as a
      single form as shown by disc electrophoresis, SDS gel electrophoresis,
      electrofocusing and ultracentrifugation. Its specific activity is similar to that
      of porcine amylase. The amino acid composition indicates a high content in
      aromatic and acidic amino acids as for the porcine enzyme; however the methionine
      and half cystine content differ widely. The N-terminal end is blocked. Also ovine
      amylase is glycosylated. The molecular weight (56,000-58,000) is slightly higher
      than for the porcine enzyme. The isoelectric point is acidic (pI = 3.2).

PMID- 1222150
TI  - [Effects of selective biliary tract obstruction on the bile secretion in the
      rat].

PMID- 1222149
TI  - On the cellular distribution of sucrase and enterokinase in different populations
      of rat intestinal epithelial cells isolated by a vibration method.

PMID- 1222151
TI  - [The role of lysolecithin in acute experimental cholecystitis].

PMID- 1222153
TI  - [Early variations in gastric secretion and in blood gastrin levels after
      transposition of the antrum into the rat colon].

PMID- 1222152
TI  - [Gastric emptying and intestinal transit after treatment with disulfiram in the
      rat].

PMID- 1222154
TI  - [Editorial: Intestinal absorption of oligopeptides].

PMID- 1222155
TI  - Effects of 3-acetoxyl fusidate on the biliary secretion of lipids in the rat.

PMID- 1222156
TI  - [The effectiveness of electric stimulation of the pelvic floor].

PMID- 1222157
TI  - Pituitary and plasma LH and prolactin levels in female rats rendered blind and
      anosmic: influence of the pineal gland.

PMID- 1222159
TI  - Evidence for the intrinsic activity of ovine FSH on spermatogenesis, ovarian
      growth, steroidogenesis and ovulation in lizards.

PMID- 1222158
TI  - Circulating levels of steroids and chorionic gonadotropin during pregnancy in the
      rhesus monkey, with special attention to the rescue of the corpus luteum in early
      pregnancy.

PMID- 1222160
TI  - Biochemistry of differentiation of mouse trophoblast: delta 5, 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1222161
TI  - Lactation following hysterectomy of pregnant mice.

PMID- 1222162
TI  - The ultrastructure of the canine testicular interstitial tissue.

PMID- 1222163
TI  - Amino acid transport by the rat uterus during the estrous cycle and pregnancy.

PMID- 1222164
TI  - A local (nonsystemic) effect of the ovary on the uterus in rats.

PMID- 1222166
TI  - Effect of altered photoperiod on estrous cycle, pregnancy and onset of puberty in
      the rat.

PMID- 1222165
TI  - Phospholipids of goat spermatozoa and the seminal plasma.

PMID- 1222167
TI  - Pregnancy in mice selected for small litter size: reproductive hormone levels and
      effect of exogenous hormones.

PMID- 1222169
TI  - A developmental comparison of steroid-induced and male-induced ovulation in young
      mice.

PMID- 1222168
TI  - Purification of turkey gonadotropins.

PMID- 1222170
TI  - Intracisternal A particle formation and inhibition in preimplantation mouse
      embryos.

PMID- 1222171
TI  - Labeling the zona pellucida of the mouse oocyte.

PMID- 1222172
TI  - Mouse uterine antigens in the implantation period of pregnancy.

PMID- 1222173
TI  - Contraceptive polypeptide from hamster embryos: sequence of amino acids in the
      compound.

PMID- 1222174
TI  - Endocrine changes in the pig during late pregnancy, parturition and lactation.

PMID- 1222176
TI  - Fetectomy in monkeys (Macaca mulatta): retention of the placenta past normal
      term.

PMID- 1222175
TI  - Separation of progonadotropic and antigonadotropic activities in ovine and equine
      HCG antisera.

PMID- 1222177
TI  - Effects of hypophysectomy on plastocyst survival, progesterone secretion and
      nidation in the spotted skunk.

PMID- 1222178
TI  - The ovarian cycle of the bitch: plasma estrogen, LH and progesterone.

PMID- 1222179
TI  - The propulsion of nonrotating ram and oyster spermatozoa.

PMID- 1222180
TI  - Extraction, isolation and identification of a luteolytic substance from bovine
      endometrium.

PMID- 1222181
TI  - Reproductive biology of PMSG-primed immature female rats.

PMID- 1222182
TI  - The postpartum gonadotrophin surge in the rat depends upon the presence of
      nonluteal ovarian tissues.

PMID- 1222184
TI  - Relationship between concentration of prostaglandin F (PGF) in the oviduct and
      egg transport in rabbits.

PMID- 1222183
TI  - Fine structure of the rabbit testis after vasectomy.

PMID- 1222186
TI  - Male-induced puberty in female mice: evidence for a synergistic action of social
      cues.

PMID- 1222185
TI  - Effect of blastocysts on rat ovarian steroidogenesis in early pregnancy.

PMID- 1222187
TI  - Effects of various feeding regimens and photoperiod or pinealectomy on ovulation
      in the hamster.

PMID- 1222188
TI  - Failure of prostaglandin F2 alpha to cause luteal regression in ewes after
      destruction of ovarian follicles by x-irradiation.

PMID- 1222189
TI  - Effects of adrenergic drugs administered during ovum transport and chemical
      sympathectomy of the oviduct on fertility in rabbits.

PMID- 1222190
TI  - L-arginine stimulation of human sperm motility in vitro.

PMID- 1222191
TI  - Ovarian delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and cholesterol in the aged
      mouse during pregnancy.

PMID- 1222192
TI  - Mullerian-inhibiting activity of calf fetal testes: relationship to testosterone
      and protein synthesis.

PMID- 1222193
TI  - The lack of relationship between plasma progesterone levels and number of embryos
      and their survival in the pig.

PMID- 1222194
TI  - Effect of pretreatment of rat spermatozoa with high concentrations of NaCl on
      sperm capacitation and fertilization of eggs in vitro.

PMID- 1222195
TI  - Development of two-cell eggs transferred into the uteri of ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 1222196
TI  - Localization of zinc in a dense fiber-connecting piece fraction of rat sperm
      tails analogous chemically to hair keratin.

PMID- 1222197
TI  - Early effects of a lethal cadmium dose on gerbil testis.

PMID- 1222198
TI  - Use of high speed dialysis to prepare bovine sperm for metabolic studies.

PMID- 1222199
TI  - Fine structural localization of cholinesterases in the reproductive tract of the
      male white mouse.

PMID- 1222200
TI  - Effects of partial lutectomy in PMSG-primed immature pregnant rats.

PMID- 1222201
TI  - Stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis in bovine ovarian tissues by arachidonic
      acid and luteinizing hormone.

PMID- 1222202
TI  - Suppression of sperm granulomas in vasectomized rats by local heating of the
      testis.

PMID- 1222203
TI  - The effect of the pineal gland on ovulation and pregnancy in the rat.

PMID- 1222204
TI  - Effect of prolonged exposure to nonstimulatory photoperiods on the activity of
      the neuroendocrine-testicular axis of golden hamsters.

PMID- 1222205
TI  - Testosterone synthesis in the bovine corpus luteum.

PMID- 1222206
TI  - Editorial: On registration of employees exposed to oncogens.

PMID- 1222207
TI  - Maintenance of DNA and repair of sites without base.

PMID- 1222208
TI  - Significance of precancerous lesions in the colon and rectum.
AB  - The turnover of the colonic mucosa sheds some light on the understanding of the
      precancerous stages. The colon mucosa operates through a constant and regular
      epithelial renewal. The regularity of this cycle is controlled by two membranous
      systems: the basement membrane as a sliding support- coat and the as a brake in
      the cells progression and thus in the mitosis. Any disturbance, in these system,
      brings about a large extension of the proliferative area, according to modalities
      common to all varieties of precancerous, polypous or non-polypous condition. On
      this poll of undifferentiated cells, with frequent mitosis risks of cancerous
      changes are, all the higher, that the undifferentiated areas or growing areas are
      more extended. This explains the unequal tendency to malignancy of colitis,
      solitary polyps, villous polyps in layers, and multiple polyps.

PMID- 1222209
TI  - Different types of DNA synthesis and their importance in cancer growth and
      therapy.
AB  - Three main types of DNA replication has been recognized: spontaneous, stimulated
      and induced synthesis. The spontaneous synthesis requires, in addition to the
      building blocks assembled by a series of enzymes, a preexisting DNA chain which
      plays both as template and primer. Such pattern, operatively completed during S
      phase of the cycle, is strictly dependent on the structural integrity of DNA
      molecule and on the energy level which provokes the signal of initiation.

PMID- 1222210
TI  - The relation between the proliferative activity and the differentiation pattern
      of bone marrow cells from Rauscher leukemia virus infected BALB/c mice.
AB  - The proliferative activity of bone marrow from Rauscher Leukemia Virus infected
      mice was studied during the course of the disease. Spleen colony assay and thin
      layer agar technique, both presumably reflecting the number of pluripotent
      hemopoietic stem cells, showed a 2.6 times increase in colony forming units (CFU
      S resp. CFU-A) at 12 days after infection. The Bradley method of culturing
      colonies in agar, which is stated to reflect the number of myeloid precursor
      cells, resulted in a slower rise in colony forming units (CFU-C) with a maximum
      of 2.3 times increase at 19 days after infection. These results were compared to
      the differentiation patterns of the bone marrow at similar intervals after
      infection. The course of the CFU-C curve parallelled the rise in the number of
      the myeloblasts in the bone marrow. The pattern of CFU-A and CFU-S curves
      preceded the rise in number of CFU-C by 7 days. It was found, that RLV infection
      apart from causing an erythroblastosis in the spleen and a severe anemia is
      followed by a disappearance of neutrophil granulocytes from the bone marrow. The
      latter phenomenon is probably the primary cause of the increase of hemopoietic
      stem cells.

PMID- 1222211
TI  - Impaired exchange of autotranfused blood lymphocytes between intra- and
      extravascular pools in patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Autotransfusion of 3H-cytidine labeled blood lymphocytes was performed in 4
      normal subjects, 3 patients with non-leukemic malignant lymphoma (1 reticulum
      cell sarcoma, 2 lymphosarcoma), 2 treated, non-leukemic patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 11 untreated CLL patients. Immediately after
      autotransfusion on the average only 41.3% and 47.5% of the infused labeled
      lymphocytes were recovered in the blood of the normal subjects and of the
      untreated CLL patients, respectively. During the first hour, in the normal
      subjects a higher proportion of labeled cells disappeared from the blood that in
      untreated CLL patients. Thereafter, this initial rapid decrease ceased and
      levelled off into a plateau with rather constant recovery values. At this time (1
      4 hours after autotransfusion), on the average only 6.7% of the normal
      lymphocytes, but 27.8% of the untreated CLL lymphocytes were recovered in the
      blood. In the non-leukemic lymphoma of the untreated CLL lymphocytes were
      recovered in the blood. In the non-leukemic lymphoma patients and treated CLL
      patients the autotransfused lymphocytes exhibited circulation kinetics similar to
      those of the normal lymphocytes. The majority of blood lymphocytes from untreated
      patients with CLL seem to be characterized by a poor exchange rate between intra-
      and extravascular lymphocyte pools and a prolonged intra-vascular life span.
      These findings agree with the impaired recirculation kinetics of CLL lymphocytes
      and their abnormal 0ehaviour in several "in vitro" tests dealing with other
      lymphocyte functions.

PMID- 1222212
TI  - [Attempt at characterization of 2 erythrocyte variants of glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase in a patient with a partial enzymatic deficit].
AB  - The electrophoresis shows, in red blood cells of a North African man affected by
      a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, the presence of two enzymes
      differing by their electrophoretic mobilities: one of them presents in the same
      mobility as variant Gd (+) B, the other being faster. After partial purification
      of the enzymes by ionic exchange chromatography on cellex D BIO-RAD, the
      preparation obtained shows some kinetic abnormalities: an increased value of 2
      deoxy-glucose-6-phosphate utilisation and a non linear plot of 1/v versus 1/s,
      inadequate for Km determination. Assuming that our preparation contains two
      enzymes differing by their affinities for glucose-6-phosphate, were carried out a
      study of their Michaelis constants for glucose-6-phosphate by a method based on
      the densitometric determination of colored spots corresponding to these two
      variants after electrophoretic separation on cellogel strips. One of these
      variants is similar to Gd (+) B, the other being characterised by increased
      values of: electrophoretic mobility (+ 110%), Km for glucose-6-hosphate (194 +/-
      38 muM, normal range being 55 to 70 muM), utilisation coefficient of 2-deoxy
      glucose-6-phosphate.

PMID- 1222214
TI  - [Report on the study of hyaluronic acid in the diagnosis of pleural
      mesotheliomas: study of 100 hyaluronic acid rich effusions].
AB  - Hyaluronic acid was measured in 1580 pleural effusions. We report 100 cases of
      hyaluronate-rich pleural fluids. Correlations betueen clinical, radiological and
      histological diagnosis of mesothelioma and the characterization of hyaluronate
      are discussed. These data suggest the possibility of a biochemical approach for
      the diagnosis of pleural malignant tumours.

PMID- 1222213
TI  - [Thermogenesis of breast cancers. V. The effects of 60Co radiotherapy and the
      correlations with expectations of a cure].
AB  - The action of ionizing radiation on the metabolic heat production by cancers has
      been investigated on a group of 24 small breast carcinomas (T1 and T2), all
      treated exclusively by radiotherapy under equivalent conditions (60Co) and then
      followed up regularly (mean recall period of five years). Following techniques
      have been used: intratumoral thermometry and fluvography for computing the
      specific heat power of the tumour, infrared thermography for analysing the skin
      thermal pattern quantitatively. Comparison between clinical, radiographical and
      thermal findings has more especially shown; a) the constant agreement between the
      final loco-regional results of radiotherapy and the evolution of both the heat
      production by the tumour and the related hyperthermia on the skin; b) the early
      appearance of the thermal signs of either a regression or a recurrence of the
      tumour, compared with the corresponding morphological signs. The fundamental and
      practical consequences can be summarized as follows: 1 degree distinction between
      radiosensitive and radioresistant carcinomas accroding as the specific heat power
      of the tumour is reduced or not after irradiation; 2 degrees definition of three
      types of thermal evolution by normalization, regression followed by re-increase,
      and continuance of both tumour heat production and malignant skin hyperthemia,
      and corresponding to the clinical concepts of sterilization, recurrence and
      nonsterilization respectively; 3 degrees justification of the systematic use of
      thermal methods for post-irradiation follow-up, especially to detect a local
      recurrence earlier and to specify the nature of a doubtful remaining opacity; 4
      degrees description of objective thermal criteria allowing to decide a repairing
      mastectomy within shorter delays.

PMID- 1222215
TI  - Effect of catecholamines on renin release in vitro.
AB  - Beta receptor activation by isoproterenol stimulates renin release by kidney
      slices "in vitro". This effect is dose-dependent and blocked by propranolol. High
      norepinephrine concentration has an inhibitory effect on renin secretion which is
      reversed by phentolamine: activation of alpha receptors probably decreases renin
      release.

PMID- 1222216
TI  - Failure of permanent marrow ablation to induce a myeloproliferative disorder in
      rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits in which bone marrow necrosis is induced often develop myeloproliferation
      with extra-medullary hemopoiesis. There is a study suggesting that a similar
      event ensues after mechanical marrow ablation. To investigate the latter
      phenomenon, we flushed and curretted the long bones of rabbits and then plugged
      their marrow cavities permanently preventing marrow regeneration. Four-8-long
      bones per rabbit were ablated by this technique. Serial blood evaluations were
      performed and upon death or sacrifice autopsies were performed. Some animals were
      followed up to one year. None developed any sigh of a myeloproliferative disorder
      as judged by leukocytosis, peripheral blood morphology and organ examination for
      extramedullary hemopoiesis.

PMID- 1222217
TI  - The oncostatic and immunosuppressive action of new nitrosourea derivatives
      containing sugar radicals.
AB  - Four new nitrosourea derivatives represent an appreciable progress in the
      treatment and cure of L1210 leukemia. Their therapeutic index is higher than that
      of CCNU and MeCCNU. Of these compounds, RFCNU may prove the most promising, as
      its therapeutic index is the highest of those for all the four compounds studied;
      moreover, unlike the other products, it is not immunosuppressive, whether
      administered before or after the antigen.

PMID- 1222218
TI  - [Identification by means of heat denaturation of chromosome aberrations in 6
      human metastatic tumors].
AB  - The method of chromosome reverse banding was applied to cancer cells. 95 mitotic
      figures, obtained from 6 histologically different metastatic effusions, in man
      were studied. This method gives a precise identification of numerical and
      structural abnormalities in chromosomes. Every possible type of chromosome
      mutation was observed. The chromosome accidents are different according to their
      frequence and their stability. This seems to be linked with the genetic contents.

PMID- 1222219
TI  - Human erythrocytic calcium concentration in hemolytic anemia.
AB  - In order to elucidate the role of the Ca2+ accumulation in hemolytic process,
      erythrocytic calcium concentration has been studied by atomic absorption
      spectroscopy in 18 cases of congenital hemolytic anemias and in 19 cases of
      acquired auto-immune hemolysis. An increased erythrocytic Ca2+ level was observed
      in some, but not in all, congenital (10 cases) or acquired (6 cases) hemolytic
      anemias. It seems that the loss in erythrocytic deformability induced by calcium
      accumulation probably was not the common state leading to hemolysis.

PMID- 1222220
TI  - Combined use of immunocytochemical and autoradiographic techniques for studying
      the renewal of gastrin cells.
AB  - The combined use of immunocytochemical labelling of gastrin cells and of
      autoradiographic labelling after a single injection of tritiated thymidine,
      showed that these endocrine cells are renewed in the antrum of adult mice.

PMID- 1222221
TI  - [Micro-determination of hemoglobin by measuring the peroxidase activity].
AB  - A simple and rapid method is described for the determination of serum hemoglobin.
      Free hemoglobin shows no peroxidase activity but human hemoglobin-human
      haptoglobin complex presents a peroxidase activity which permits hemoglobin
      determination. It is shown that a good source of haptoglobin is constituted by
      pools of non-hemolyzed human serums.

PMID- 1222222
TI  - Renal hemodynamic response to l-dopa during acute renal failure in man.
AB  - Twelve patients with acute renal failure underwent L.dopa infusion into a renal
      artery and 133Xenon wash-out recordings before and during the infusion. Urine
      volume and sodium output were also compared during two 24 hours periods, before
      and after the procedure. Hemodynamic data were compared with data obtained from a
      matched group of patients receiving Furosemide (8 patients) in place of L.dopa.
      Only L.dopa infusion significantly increased outer cortical distribution (p less
      than 0.005 using paired t-test). No blood flow change could be demonstrated in
      any component nor did the drug improve urinary excretion or the general course of
      the disease. Control data shows that reduced cortical distribution is the most
      consistent feature of acute renal failure, so that L.dopa does partially improve
      intrarenal hemodynamics in this condition. The failure of the drug to restore
      kidney function may be explained by the following reasons: a) Inability of the
      agent to restore a normal wash-out pattern; b) Involvement of non-hemodynamic
      factors, as suggested by comparing similar wash-out improvements after L.dopa in
      acute glomerulonephritis and in reversible acute renal failure.

PMID- 1222223
TI  - Letter: Effect of BCG on haemopoietic stem cells.
AB  - The i.v. administration of living BCG to (DBA/2 X C57Bl/6) Fl mice pushd quickly
      the quiescent stem cells of bone marrow into S phase of the cell cycle. This
      treatment can be used to shorten the intervals of hemopoietic restoration after
      administration of combination cytotoxic chemotherapy.

PMID- 1222224
TI  - Culture of chondrocytes from the proliferative zone of epiphyseal growth plate
      cartilage from prepubertal rabbits.
AB  - Chondrocytes from epihyseal growth plate cartilage of prepubertal rabbits were
      cultured. Cells from the proliferative zone showed a very different adhesiveness:
      they did not stick to the flasks until the 8th to 10th days. They need more
      oxygen tension to develop and grew in small separated colonies. Each colony was
      composed by several layers of round or polygonal cells, metachromatic with
      toluidine blue and they were surrounded by one layer of fibroblastic-like cells.
      At the end of primary culture the colonies looked like "craters". Cells from the
      resting zone multiplied as monolayer culture identical to articular chondrocytes.
      The stage of differentiation of the two different kinds of cells is discussed.

PMID- 1222225
TI  - Study of cellular immunity in rheumatoid arthritis: inhibition of leucocyte
      migration by a synovial extract.
AB  - The antigenicity of aqueous extracts of osteoarthritic and rheumatoid synoviale
      was studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, other diseases and in normal
      controls by the mean of leucocyte migration test, lymphoblastic transformation
      test and cutaneous reactions. In 59% cases of rheumatoid arthritis an inhibition
      of the migration of leucocytes was found but there was no relation between this
      test and the clinical state, the evolution, rheumatoid serology and other
      laboratory parameters. In some cases of rheumatoid arthritis an inhibition of the
      migration of leucocytes was observed also with a pericardial and hepatic extract.
      In normal controls the leucocyte migration test is always negative, but it is
      positive in 37% of cases of various inflammatory and neoplastic diseases and the
      difference is not significant considering the percentage of positivity of the
      test in rheumatoid arthritis. The lymphoblastic transformation test and the
      cutaneous reactions were always negative in rheumatoid arthritis and in controls.
      Thus, the leucocyte migration  test using a synovial extract as an antigen does
      not bring evidence in favour of an auto-immune conflict in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1222226
TI  - Relationship between Hb and HbA2 concentrations in untreated and Fe-treated iron
      deficiency anaemia.
AB  - The absolute concentrations of Hb (x) and HbA2 (y) were statistically correlated
      (a = 0.0208; b = 0.0170; r = 0.4700; P less than 0.05) in 29 subjects with iron
      deficiency anaemia. 15 days after a month course of iron therapy the mean
      percentage increase of HbA2 was greater (123.9%) than that of Hb (62.0%). HbA2
      concentration was still correlated with that of Hb (r = 0.6632; P less than
      0.001), but the values for intercept and slope (a = - 0.1476; b = 0.0383)
      indicated a relatively greater production of HbA2.

PMID- 1222227
TI  - Hl-A antigens associated with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis in
      an ethnic homogeneous population.
AB  - The HL-A phenotypes of 52 patients with rhematoid arthritis and 26 patients with
      ankylosing spondylitis from an ethnic homogeneous population have been
      determined. No definite association has been established with rheumatoid
      arthritis, while a very significant association has been found between ankylosing
      spondylitis and HL-A 27 antigen. This finding suggests that certain patients with
      ankylosing spondylitis have a genetically determined susceptibility to their
      disease which could be due to a cross-tolerance mechanism enabling infectious
      agent antigens to mimic certain histo-compatibility antigens, or to a linkage
      between HL-A genes and those controlling immune responsiveness.

PMID- 1222228
TI  - Renal tubular sodium reabsorption during the recovery from the oliguric phase of
      acute nephritis.
AB  - The urinary excretion of sodium, calcium, phosphorus and the reabsorption of
      solute free-water, were studied in seven water-restricted patients with post
      streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis. During the recovery from the initial salt
      retaining phase, there was a progressive increase in the urinary excretion of
      sodium, phosphorus and calcium either in absolute values or when expressed as
      their tubular rejection fractions. A progressive increase in free-water
      reabsorption as percentage of creatinine clearance was also demonstrated. The
      data suggest that in this phase of the disease there occurs a non specific
      supression of proximal tubular activity.

PMID- 1222229
TI  - [Dynamic comparative study of the intraalveolar cell population after
      intratracheal injection of beryllium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide in the
      rat].
AB  - A sequential quantitative analysis of free alveolar cells was performed on S.P.F.
      rats after intratracheal injection of Be (OH)2 and Al (OH)3. The induced lesions
      were entirely restored 20 days after the initial injection. Beryllium hydroxide
      inhibited DNA synthesis in the free alveolar macrophages and the transeptal
      cellular flow could be evidenced. Aluminium hydroxide increased the number of
      free cells without inhibiting DNA synthesis. Quantitative variations of
      polymorphonuclears, lymphocytes and macrophages were correlated with changes in
      the alveolar environment. A strong direct correlation between the number of
      lymphocytes and DNA synthetizing macrophages was shown out. This reaction was not
      observed in beryllium treated rats.

PMID- 1222230
TI  - Characteristics of messenger ribonucleoprotein and putative messenger RNA from
      Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
AB  - Ehrlich ascites tumor cell messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) and putative
      messenger RNA (mRNA) were isolated under conditions minimizing RNA degradation by
      ribonucleases and non-specific protein-RNA interaction, mRNP dissociated from
      polysomes by puromycin and EDTA sedimented to 185S. Putative messenger RNA
      released by proteinase K sedimented from 50 to 97S, with a maximum molecular
      weight approximating 6-25 X 10(6) daltons.

PMID- 1222231
TI  - Growth hormone release by glycine injected intravenously in 22 healthy sexually
      immature children.
AB  - A solution of 10% glycine (250 mg/kg of body weight) was injected in within 5-10
      minutes in 22 healthy, sexually immature children who were previously tested for
      insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Blood specimens were collected before, 10, 30, 60
      and 120 minutes after injection for glucose, HGH and total alpha-amino nitrogen
      determination. The mean peak post-glycine level of serum HGH was 11.47 +/- 1.558
      ng/ml (+/- SEM) and did not differ significantly from the corresponding post
      insulin mean value (15.63 +/- 0.247 ng/ml). The highest post-stimulatory mean
      value (8.88 +/- 1.694 ng/ml) was observed 30 minutes after the end of the
      injection of glycine. Glycine is a reliable GH stimulating agent, which may be
      tentatively used for detection of hyposomatotropism in children.

PMID- 1222232
TI  - A study of the metabolism of zinc its metalloenzymes in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - In a study of 24 diabetics, hyperzincuria was observed, especially in females. In
      the female diabetics serum lactic dehydrogenase activity was related to the serum
      zinc level and urinary zinc excretion. In male diabetics serum zinc and alkaline
      phosphatase were correlated as were serum lactic dehydrogenase and urinary zinc
      excretion.

PMID- 1222233
TI  - Effect of pyrazole administration on the isopropanol induced fatty liver.
AB  - The isopropanol induced fatty liver is prevented in the rat by prior
      administration of pyrazole. Acetone administration, on the other hand, determines
      an increase in the hepatic triglyceride level. These results suggest the
      implications of acetone in the induction of the fatty liver following acute
      isopropanol administration in the rat.

PMID- 1222234
TI  - [Study of blood amino acids during a phenylalanine loading test].
AB  - A study of serum amino-acids during a L-phenylalanine loading test was performed
      in controls, heterozygotes and phenylketonuric patients with and without
      restricted diet. Abnormalities in plasma-amino acids were found in
      phenylketonuric patients at time zero with a fall of the level of some amino
      acids (except for phenylalanine) when compared with the levels found in controls.
      These results are statistically valid only for threonine and proline. These
      abnormalities of the plasma amino-acids disappeared when patients were treated by
      a restricted diet. At the end of a loading test, there was no statistically valid
      changes of the blood amino-acids in controls, heterozygotes nor in patients with
      a restricted diet. There was no enhancement of the abnormalities in
      phenylketonuria.

PMID- 1222235
TI  - [Autoradiographic analysis of the incorporation of uridine-H3 into hyperchromic
      motoneurons of mouse spinal cord].
AB  - Under conditions of local administration of uridine-H3 solution a study was made
      of the dynamics of the isotope incorporation into the RNA of the nuclei and the
      cytoplasm of the perikarion of the hyperchromic motor neurons of the ventro
      lateral nucleus of mouse spinal cord. An increase in the content of hyperchromic
      neurocytes in the population under study was reached in mice as a result of
      swimming for four hours. A different character of the label regression curves for
      the hyperchromic and normochromic motor neurons was shown.

PMID- 1222236
TI  - [Intertubular cells and their relation to the renal cambium].
AB  - The intertubular cells (ITC) of the cortex of the human kidney (from the fetus,
      newborns, children aged from 1 to 5 years, adults aged from 30 to 70) were
      studied. The ITC in the kidneys with an undeveloped structure (fetus, newborns)
      amounted 21.4--12.6% of the epithelial cells of the convoluted tubules and for
      children over one year and adults--7.6%. When the kidney was affected by
      nephrotoxic poison (ethylene-glycol) and deep hypoxia and ITC were activated,
      began to multiply and made up 14.5% of the epithelium of the convoluted tubules.
      It is suggested that the ITC represented a peculiar cambium of the renal tubules
      which formed due to the transferring of a part of the cells of the
      metaneophrogenic tissue into position of rest (R-period).

PMID- 1222237
TI  - [Participation of smooth muscle cells in the formation of atherosclerotic
      plaques].
AB  - A study of the participation of the smooth muscle cells in the formation of
      atherosclerotic lesions was made on the autopsy material with the use of specific
      antiserum to the smooth muscle actomyosin and of indirect Coons' method. Typical
      forms of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta, cerebral vessels and coronary
      arteries were studied. Smooth muscle cells were detected in the thickened intima
      alongside the atherosclerotic lesions, in fatty streaks, in the fibrous tissue of
      the atherosclerotic plaque, but they were not found in the atheromatous masses.
      The proliferation and migration of the smooth muscle cells is regarded as an
      essential factor in the pathogenetic mechanisms of atherosclersis.

PMID- 1222238
TI  - [Quantitative stereological evaluation of the processes of intrafollicular
      colloid accumulation and excretion in the thyroid gland].
AB  - The paper treats the biological importance of the correlation between the inner
      (resorbing) surface of thyroid follicles and their colloid content. The
      morphometric method for determination of this parameter based on the sterological
      principles is presented. The validity of this method is demonstrated by a model
      experiment.

PMID- 1222239
TI  - [Effect of bradykinin on blood circulation in the human celiac artery bed].
AB  - Selective angiography and direct measurements of the arterial pressure in the
      celiac artery was used to study the influence of bradykinin on the blood
      circulation in healthy organs in the celiac region in 24 patients. A high
      sensitivity of the vessels to the action of bradykinin (0.1--10 mkg) was
      revealed: it decreased the blood pressure, increased the rate of blood flow,
      increased the diameter of arterial and venous vessels, arterio-venous
      anastomosis, increased the number of functioning capillaries. No differences were
      found in the reaction of the vessels of the liver, spleen pancreas, duodenum and
      the stomach to bradykinin.

PMID- 1222240
TI  - [Competitive relations between tetanus anatoxin and toxin].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on albino mice; it was shown that preliminary
      injection of tetanus toxoid enhanced the animal resistance to tetanus toxin, this
      being expressed in increase in LD50. The effect increased the higher doses of the
      toxoid and their fractional injection. By using protagon and crude mitochondrial
      fraction isolated from the brain as a receptor of tetanus toxin in the nervous
      tissue there were established competitive relations for the receptor between the
      tetanus toxoid and the toxin. The results of investigations confirmed the
      authors' earlier statement that the molecule of the tetanus toxin contained
      different functional groups responsible for the toxin binding with the receptor
      in the nervous tissue, for the pathogenic action of the toxin and for the binding
      of the toxin with antitoxin.

PMID- 1222241
TI  - [Age changes in rat vasomotor reflexes and sympathetic neuron ultrastructure
      following chemical sympathectomy].
AB  - Prolonged administration of guanethidine (20 mg/kg) to newborn rats caused a
      marked reduction in the number of cells in stellate ganglia. The administration
      of guanethidine for 14 days decreased the amount of cells to 30% of the normal
      (partial sympathectomy), and for 28 days--to 0.5% (complete sympathectomy). At
      the age of two months the blood pressure pressor reflexes to asphyxia and femoral
      nerve stimulation were absent in both groups of the sympathectomized animals.
      These responses, however, were restored in the partially sympathectomized animals
      at the age of four months. No restoration took place in the completely
      sympathectomized animals. The electron microscopic studies of neurons in the
      partially sympathectomized animals showed the presence of a great number of
      neurofibrils. According to literature data this fact was typical of cells in
      which an active growth of axon fibers took place.

PMID- 1222242
TI  - [Effect of pharmacological block of individual sections of the hypothalamo
      hypophyseal-adrenal system on its function in acute hemic hypoxia].
AB  - Experiments on 228 male albino rats revealed an increase in the functional
      activity of all the sections of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal adrenal
      neurosecretory system. A degree of a functional activity of this system was of
      great significance in the development of the organism's resistance to hypoxia.
      The leading section of the activation of this system was secretion of the
      corticotropine-releasing factor of the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1222243
TI  - [Analysis of the causes of increased tremor in thyroid hyperfuction].
AB  - The authors present the results of examination of tremor (hand and trunk) of the
      amplitude of H- and T-reflexes and of the H-reflex inhibition during the
      contraction of antagonistic muscles and of facilitattion of T- and H-reflexes
      during the Yendrassik maneuvre in 33 children with hyperfunction of the thyroid
      gland and 20 normal subjects. It was established that the amplitude of tremor was
      greater and the frequency was less in these patients than in normal subjects; the
      amplitude of the H- and T-reflexes was enhanced, and the intensity of reciprocal
      inhibition of the soleus muscle motor neurons was less in the patients.
      Comparison of the amplitude of the T- and H-reflexes indicated that against the
      background of the Yendrassik maneuvre facilitation of the T-reflex was less
      intense and facilitation of the H-reflex was more intense than in normal
      subjects. The authors supposed that the enhanced tremor in the patients was due
      to the motor neurons pool depolarization, to decrease the efficacy of reciprocal
      inhibition and to diminished suprasegmental influences spread to the gamma-motor
      neurons.

PMID- 1222244
TI  - [Corticofugal factors in the development of feeding motivation].
AB  - The influences of various cortical areas in the mechanisms of feeding motivation,
      forming a directed response, were investigated in chronic experiments on rabbits.
      Electric stimulation of the frontal and antero-temporal cortical areas inhibited
      the feeding response elicited by the hypothalamic feeding centre stimulation.
      Inhibition of the frontal cortex proved to be more expressed. Stimulation of the
      postero-temporal and occipital cortical areas decreased the threshold of an
      evoked feeding response or elicited this response in the satiated animals.

PMID- 1222245
TI  - [Effect of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine on the development of neurogenic dystrophy in
      the gastric wall and on its noradrenaline content].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (50 mg/kg) on the
      development of hemorrhagic erosiions of the wall of the stomach caused by
      electrostimulation of immobilized rats and on the content of noradrenaline in it.
      Alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine increased the number of hemorrhagic erosions in the wall
      of the stomach and intensified the reduction of the noradrenaline level in it.

PMID- 1222246
TI  - [Catecholamine content and electrolyte balance of the rabbit myocardium during
      poisoning with 2,4-dinitrophenol].
AB  - At the initial stages of energy deficiency in rabbits caused by an intravenous
      injection of 2,4-dinitrophenol (10 mg/kg) there occurred in the cardiac
      ventricles an increase in the noradrenalin content and a fall in the potassium
      level. In case of a more pronounced energy deficiency (20 and 30--40 mg/kg of 2,4
      dinitrophenol) noradrenaline stores in the heart became exhaustated, whereas the
      potassium level in the myocardium became greater. There is a fall of adrenaline
      stores in the heart, whereas the potassium level in the myocardium increased. The
      amount of adrenaline in the heart and the adrenal glands decreased. Deep energy
      deficiency is accompanied by the syndrome of hyperkaliemia associated with the
      exit of potassium into the blood from the depot tissues.

PMID- 1222247
TI  - [Effect of stress on parietal hydrolysis of saccharose in rats].
AB  - Experiments were conducted in albino rats of both sexes and different age; a
      study was made of the activity of the intestinal invertase directly after 4-hour
      immobilization. There was revealed a depressive effect of stress on the activity
      of membrane digestion and enzyme production in the intestinal epithelal cells,
      and a definite dependence of the observed effect on the animals' sex age. The
      latter was expressed in a greater fall of the invertase activity in young females
      and in its marked variations in old female rats.

PMID- 1222248
TI  - [Insulin content of rat blood following injury to the ventromedial section of the
      hypothalamus].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on albino rats; injury of the ventro-medial portion of
      the hypothalamus or section of its nervous bonds was accompanied by
      hyperinsulinemia, which may serve, along with hyperphagia, as a direct cause of
      adiposity.

PMID- 1222249
TI  - [Blood serum and liver phospholipids in rats with chronic choline-protein
      deficiency].
AB  - Serum and liver phospholipids were studied in rats at different stages of
      pathological processes induced by a diet with a high fat content, but deficient
      in protein and choline. Such cirrhosogenic diet caused fatty infiltration,
      fibrosis and nodular liver cirrhosis in rats, depending on the period of its
      administration. This diet resulted in a considerable decrease of the phospholipid
      content in the liver and the serum of experimental rats. Addition of choline to
      the cirrhosogenic diet prevented formation of fatty infilitration in rats, but
      failed to protect completely from a fall of phospholipids in the liver.

PMID- 1222250
TI  - [Change in cell membrane permeability, and composition and properties of
      hexokinase during induced carcinogenesis].
AB  - The isoenzyme hexokinase (HK) spectrum from normal rat large intestinal mucosa
      consisted of 3 isoenzymes. In tumours of this localization induced by 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine there proved to be a lack or marked decrease in the most rapid
      anodic isoenzyme. Only one HK isoenzyme was found in the metastases. Km (glucose)
      for tumour HK was 2--3 times lower than for normal intestinal HK; the HK activity
      was detected in the serum from the 1st month of the carcinogenic administration,
      and by the 5th month it was found in 80% of the tumour-bearing animals. No serum
      HK activity was ever found in control rats.

PMID- 1222251
TI  - [Analysis of the participation of rat brain noradrenergic terminals in
      elaboration of conditioned passive avoidance response].
AB  - A change in a noradrenaline concentration in the noradrenergic terminals was
      investigated by the fluorescent histochemical method in pars ventralis nuc.
      interstitialis striae terminalis, nuc. septi lateralis and in nuc. preopticus
      medialis of male Wistar rats in the process of reproduction of conditioned
      passive avoidance response. In all the investigated structures of the
      preliminarily trained animals the reproduction of a conditioned response (without
      any electrical stimulation) led to a statistically reliable decrease in the
      noradrenaline concentration. The data obtained testified to the participation of
      the noradrenergic brain system in the reproductive process of the conditioned
      passive avoidance response.

PMID- 1222252
TI  - [Difference in the cerebrovascular effects of phenoxybenzamine].
AB  - The isotope, electromagnetic and resistographic investigation showed
      phenoxybenzamine to be capable of producing different effects on the blood supply
      of different regions of the brain. The preparation enhanced the circulation of
      the vertebro-basilar system and decreased it in the carotic one. Phenoxybenzamine
      also significantly inhibited the nervous control of the cerebral circulation. It
      inhibited the reflex reaction of cerebral vessels, changed the cerebral blood
      flow by stimulation of cervical sympathetic nerves and was capable of protecting
      against experimental cerebrovascular disorders. These data allow one to recommend
      phenoxybenzamine in neurological and neurosurgical clinics for the treatment of
      cerebrovascular disorders in the vertebro-basilar arterial system.

PMID- 1222253
TI  - [Effect of neuroleptics and antidepressants on the process of gamma-aminobutyric
      acid-H3 uptake by isolated rat brain nerve endings].
AB  - The effects of phenothiazine neuropleptics--chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine,
      fluphenazine and of antidepressants-imipramine and phthoracizine on the GABA-H3
      accumulation by synaptosomes of the rat cerebral cortex were studied. All
      neuroleptics were found to inhibit the process of neurotransmitter uptake by the
      brain synaptosomes. Antidepressants were less potent. Chlorpromazine had the
      highest inhibitory effect on GABA uptake and phthoracizine--the lowest. It is
      suggested that the influence of neurolptics on GABA uptake could play a certain
      role in the mode of a synaptic action of these drugs.

PMID- 1222254
TI  - [Histamine-like stimulator of gastric secretion--3-(beta-aminoethyl)-5-amino
      1,2,4-triazole].
AB  - 3-(beta-aminoethyl)-5-amino-1,2,4-triazol or IEM-759 acts predominantly on the
      histamine H2-receptors in the dog stomach. It produces a lesser effect on the H1
      histamine-sensitive receptors of the intestine, vessels and bronchi than
      histamine. Unlike histalog, IEM-759 taken per os is also effective, this pointing
      to a possibility of its use in gastoenterology for the assay of secretory
      capacity of the stomach.

PMID- 1222255
TI  - [Coordination of lymphocyte enzyme systems and resistance of mice to the action
      of staphylococcus toxin].
AB  - The activity of acid phosphatase and some dehydrogenases was studied in the blood
      peripheral lymphocytes of intact mice. Then this mice were given an
      intraperitoneal injection of LD50 of staphylococcus toxin; in 2 days 42 mice
      perished and 38 survived. The groups of survived and perished animals differed
      (the difference was statistically significant) by the extent of coordination of
      the enzymatic lymphocyte systems: the correlation of enzymatic indices in the
      survived animals was greater than in the perished ones. The data obtained are
      discussed from the aspect of a priori intoxication prognosis and the significance
      of the enzymatic coordination.

PMID- 1222256
TI  - [Role of sensory signals in the development of cortical influences on
      hypothalamic structures].
AB  - Neuron discharges of the hypothalamic ventro-medial and posterior nuclei were
      registered in immobilized cats during electrical stimulation of the ipsi- and
      contralateral nerves of the brachial plexus, the 1st and the 2nd somatosensory
      regions (SI and SII) and the visual regions of the cortex and the reticular
      formation (RF) of the mesencephalon. A reversible cold block of the SI and SII
      failed to change the effect of the nerve stimulation. Stimulation of the postero
      ventral thalamic nucleus did not change the initial activity of the hypothalamic
      neurons and gave rise to no neuron activity that appeared on stimulation of the
      SII. A conclusion was drawn that cortico-hypothalamic influences that appeared on
      stimulation of the nerves and the postero-ventral nucleus of the thalamus were
      pronounced weakly.

PMID- 1222257
TI  - [Change in monoamine content and monoamine oxidase activity in brain structures
      during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis].
AB  - The serotonin, noradrenaline, adrenaline concentration in the blood,
      cerebrospinal fluid and some brain structures, and tissue monoaminoxidase
      activity (MAO) were investigated in dogs during experimental allergic
      encephalomyelitis. During the perparalytic period there was a tendency to
      reduction of the serotonin concentration and to the elevation of the
      catecholamine content. The stage of clinical manifestation of encephalomyelitis
      was accompanied by reduction of the serotonin level in the white matter of the
      cerebral hemispheres, and by genralized inhibition of the adrenergic structures.
      In this case the MAO activity displayed no significant change; this permitted to
      consider the disturbance of the monoamine synthesis as a result of immune
      aggression, as a possible cause of inhibition of the monoaminergic system.

PMID- 1222258
TI  - [Diurnal variations in the duration of mitosis in the mouse esophageal
      epithelium].
AB  - Considerable differences were found in the morning and the evening mitotic
      indices of the epithelium in the oesophagus of C57BL/6J mice. By the colchamin
      method it was shown that the duration of mitosis was the same in the morning and
      the evening hours and was equal to 34--49 minutes. The results varied and
      depended on the dose of colchamin and duration of its action. Thus, the diurnal
      differences in mitotic index of the epithelium in the oesophagus depended on the
      differences in mitotic activity, the number of mitoses per time unit. It is
      emphasized that colchamin method should be used with great caution to obtain
      reliable results.

PMID- 1222259
TI  - [Effect of hydrocortisone on the mitotic cycle of epithelial cells in the mouse
      pylorus].
AB  - It was shown with the aid of thymidine-H3  that the mitotic cycle of mucous
      forming cells (superficial epithelial mucosal cells of the neck) of the stomach
      pyloric glands of mice lasted 13.5 hrs (G1+1/2M = 7.6 hrs, S = 5.3 hrs; G2+1/2M =
      0.6 hrs). With the administration of a physiological dose of hydrocortisone (0.1
      mg) the duration of the mitotic cycle of mucous-forming cells of the stomach
      pyloric glands increased by 6.7 hrs (G1+1/2M = 11.6 hrs, S = 7.8 hrs; G2+1/2M =
      0.8 hrs). A high dose of the hormone had a similar effect and increased the
      presynthetic period to 12.9 hours and the postsynthetic one--to 2.3 hours.

PMID- 1222261
TI  - [Influence of thyrocalcitonin on the periodic motor activity of the gastro
      intestinal tract].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on dogs with fistulae of the stomach and various
      portions of the small intestine in which there was recorded a periodic motor
      activity. It was shown that intravenous injection of a highly purified bovine
      thyrocalcitonin (TCT) in doses of 2--10 Units/kg (considerably exceeding the
      doses used at the clinic in the treatment of patients with bone pathology) caused
      no changes in a number of indices characterizing the motor periodic activity of
      the stomach and various portions of the small intestine, despite a distinct
      reduction (by 10--20%) of the calcium level in the blood serum.

PMID- 1222260
TI  - Reaction of human heterochromatin and euchromatin to spermine.
AB  - The frequency of occurrence of cell nuclei with X-chromatin and Y-chromatin, as
      well as with diffuse and coarse chromatin network was studied, using cultured
      human fibroblasts 47XXY and 47XYY, after treatment of the cell with spermin. This
      treatment failed to change the percentage of the nuclei with the X- and Y-bodies,
      but significantly increased the frequency of occurrence of the nuclei, with
      coarse chromatin. The heterochromatic chromosomal segments retarded in metaphase
      condensation after the action of 5-bromdesoxyuridine increased the length and
      number when spermin was added to 5-bromdesoxyuridine. The data obtained were
      attributed to the different sensitivity of euchromatin to the condensating action
      of spermin and to inertness of heterochromatin.

PMID- 1222262
TI  - [Distribution of catecholamines in the median eminence of rats following
      adrenalectomy].
AB  - Distribution of adrenergic and peptidergic nerve fibers in rat median eminence
      was studied three weeks after bilateral adrenalectomy. Fluorescence intensity in
      the external zone and in some of the nerve cell-bodies proved to be increased in
      the nucleus arcuatus. There were many nerve fibers with a bright fluorescence in
      the internal zone. A great number of the peptidergic nerve fibers appeared in the
      external zone. Reactions in the rostral, medial and caudal regions of the median
      eminence differed and were described.

PMID- 1222263
TI  - [Ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes in the dynamics of the development of
      esperimental liver cirrhosis in rats].
AB  - Both hepatocyte necrosis and organ fibrosis and intracellular reparative
      regeneration of the injured cells took place in the posttoxic cirrhosis
      development. The outcome of cirrhosis is supposed to be determined by the
      prevalence of one of the processes--either the irreversible destruction,
      restoration or the hypertrophy of the parenchymal cells. The progress of
      cirrhosis evidently depended on the overstraining and progressive exhaustion of
      the intracellular compensatory adaptive mechanisms.

PMID- 1222264
TI  - [Elimination of large pyroninophilic cells due to the effect of
      phytohemagglutinin].
AB  - Large pyroninophilic lymphocytes adsorbed on the surface of target-cells
      disappeared after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) addition. Incubation during 45 minutes
      in the presence of PHA did not reveal cisternas of the granular endoplasmatic
      reticulum and the number of mitochondrias decreased. The H3-thymidine-labeled
      cells were almost eliminated. There appeared population of small lymphocytes with
      even outline and clear cytoplasm, poor in organellas, with ribosomas freely
      scattered in it. After 24--48 hours of incubation they transformed into blasts,
      large cells with clear nucleus and clear cytoplasm in which no cisternas of
      granular endoplasmatic reticulum were revealed.

PMID- 1222265
TI  - [Kinetocardiogram recording from a freely moving person].
AB  - Radiokinetocardiogram (RKCG) recorded with the aid of telemetric system and
      electromagnetic kinetotransducer was sufficiently differentiated and was of the
      shape identical to the directly recorded kinetogram. A possibility of reliable
      recording of the RKCG in a freely moving man (during a micropause in the process
      of movement) was demonstrated under laboratory and natural working conditions.

PMID- 1222266
TI  - [Changes in the capillary bed of the skeletal muscles in various periods
      following nerve section].
AB  - The authors studied the changes in the capillary bed of the gastrocnemius in rats
      at various periods after the section of the sciatic nerve. There was revealed a
      significant reduction of the total number of capillaries and of the number of
      functioning capillarites at the period of denervation and their increase during
      the reinnervation.

PMID- 1222267
TI  - [Simple method of selection of a sample volume in ultramicroelectrophoresis of
      proteins].
AB  - The tentative optimal values of the protein sample quantities were determined for
      the ultramicroelectrophoretic fractionation in the polyacrylamide gels in the
      capillaries of different diameters which provided distinct and highly
      reproducible electrophoregramms. A simple calculation (by means of table and
      formula) of the volumes of protein solutions required for different
      concentrations and different diameters of capillaries is suggested.

PMID- 1222268
TI  - [Influence of heparin on the general adaptation syndrome].
AB  - Administration of heparin led to the block of the alarm reaction of the general
      adaptation syndrome in rats. The results obtained could be explained by the
      binding of adrenal cortex hormones by heparin or by an increase in the resistance
      of tissues to stressors as a result of reversible block of the enzymes of the
      respiratory energic cycle in the cells.

PMID- 1222270
TI  - [Peculiarities of the development of chloramine induced pulmonary edema in
      rabbits in various age periods].
AB  - Rabbits under three weeks of age were found to be less tolerant to chloramine
      (CA) than adult rabbits. For them the lethal dose of CA was 40--50 mg/kg. They
      perished from intoxication with the symptoms of protracted collapse without any
      manifestations of edema. For older rabbits the lethal dose of CA was 60--70
      mg/kg. Death occurred with phenomena of acute and sharp edema of the lungs. In
      young rabbits atypical edema of the lungs occurred only with the administration
      of very high doses of CA--200--250 mg/kg. Edematous fluid is present in small
      amount only; there is a prevalence of hemorrhage, this being possibly caused by a
      direct alterating action of the CA excreted through the lungs on the walls of the
      arterioles and capillaries of the vascular system of the lungs.

PMID- 1222269
TI  - [Volume rigidity of the capacitance vessels of rats in local arterial
      hypotension].
AB  - It was shown in experiments on rats that reduction of arterial pressure in the
      vessels of the posterior extremity for a period of up to three months was
      accompanied by a decrease of the volume stiffness of the capacitance vessels of
      this area.

PMID- 1222271
TI  - [Lactate level as an index of the severity of the condition in massive
      hemorrhage].
AB  - Dynamics of the lactate, pyruvate, organic acid concentrations and of the L/P
      ratio in the blood was studied in 22 patients with massive blood loss and in 13
      experimental dogs during the terminal states (bloos loss equal to 50+/-5.3 ml/kg
      weight) and during the post-reanimation period. Comparison of clinical and
      experimental data gives reasons to believe that the maximum lactate increase (70-
      80 mg%) during the early restorative period after clinical death does not
      necessarily predict the lethal issue. Nevertheless, the critical level of blood
      lactic acid (if the clinical death had not as yet developed) could serve as a
      prognostic criterion. The long-term increase in the lactate level could also
      serve as an unfavourable prognosis.

PMID- 1222272
TI  - [Multiplication of the late slow fluctuation of induced potential to light under
      conditions of aminazin administration].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of chlorpromazine on the multiplication of late
      slow component of evoked potential to the flash-light (1 sec.) in experiments on
      nonanesthetized rabbits with electrodes chronically implanted in different brain
      structures. Electro-skin pain stimulation of the pore was applied simultaneously
      in some experiments. Chlorpromazine was found to decrease the multiplication of
      the late slow component to the flash-light alone, and to double this component in
      response to light when it was combined with pain stimulation. A supposition was
      made on the role of adrenergic structures in the formation of the acceptor of the
      action results of a defensive character, serving as one of the most important
      mechanisms of the functional system.

PMID- 1222273
TI  - [Influence of high temperature on the enzyme activity of the small intestine in
      thyroidectomized rats].
AB  - It was revealed in acute experiments that exposure to high temperature changed
      the invertase, dipeptidase, lipolytic and alkaline phosphatase activity of the
      small intestinal mucosa in rats. The direction of these changes and their degree
      differed in the thyroidectomized and sham-operated animals. It is suggested that
      the thyroid hormones took part in the reaction of the fermentative systems of the
      small intestine to the action of the thermal factor.

PMID- 1222274
TI  - [Role of estrogens in phenobarbital induction of microsomal enzymes of the
      liver].
AB  - The action of estradiol dipropionate (250 microgram/kg) and of phenobarbitone
      sodium salt (80 microgram/kg) was studied in separate and combined (a single
      injection of estradiol-dipropionate after a 4-day administration of the
      phenobarbital-sodium salt) administration. There was an increase in the H3
      phenylalanine incorporation into the cell-free protein-synthesizing system by 86%
      in comparison with control ovariectomized group. Under these conditions estradiol
      dipropionate increased the incorporation of the labeled amino acid by 53%. A
      combined administration of the estrogen and of the barbiturate was not
      accompanied by the summation of the given effect. There was revealed a
      correlation between the increase in the rate of the H3-phenylalanine
      incorporation in vitro and an increase in the content of the cytochrome P-450 in
      vivo in the microsomes of hepatocytes in separate and combined administration of
      the preparations. The role of phenobarbitone-sodium salt as an activator of
      estradiol metabolism in the hepatocytes is discussed.

PMID- 1222275
TI  - [Serotonin and 5-hydroxyindolacetate during acute renal ischemia].
AB  - During the acute renal ischemia (lasting up to 24 hrs) in rabbits the serotonin
      level displayed similar changes in the ischemic and contralateral kidney. In the
      tissues under study serotonin decreased during the first fifteen minutes of
      ischemia; then a tendency to increase with a maximal rise in the ischemic kidney
      after a 60-min ischemia was seen; as to the contralateral kidney--the maximal
      rise occurred after a 3 hr ischemia. At the further stages of ischemia serotonin
      content fell again, particularly in the ischemic kidney. The blood serotonin
      level increased somewhat during the 60-min ischemia. An increase in the 5
      hydroxyindolacetate concentration in the urine coincided with the period of
      decrease of the tissue serotonin content.

PMID- 1222276
TI  - [Influence of methochlopramide on the motor function of the esophagus and the
      cardial sphincter].
AB  - In acute experiments on cats and in chronic experiments on dogs the contractile
      activity of the esophagus and the cardiac sphincter was recorded with a ballon
      pulled from the stomach to the esophagus connected to a catheter. The intravenous
      injection of Metoclopramide in doses of 0.5--0.6 mg/kg to cats and subcutaneous
      injection of Metoclopramide in doses of 0.1--0.15 mg/kg to dogs elevated the
      pressure in the cardiac sphincter significantly increased the motility of the
      distal esophagus and stimulated the esophago-gastric inhibitory reflex. These
      effects persisted for 2.5--3 hrs; they were phasic in nature and were preserved
      after vagotomy in dogs. A conclusion was drawn that Metoclopramide could be
      useful in pathology of the distal esophagus, including the cardiac sphincter.

PMID- 1222277
TI  - [Identification of proteases of staphylococci by means of an antitrypsin
      precipitating serum].
AB  - Specific antitrypsin precipitating sera obtained by intraconjunctival
      immunization of rabbits with crystalline trypsin was used to reveal in the
      supernant of staphylococcal cultures protease having antigenic character common
      with that of trypsin. This is confirmed by the trypsin accumulation in the
      process of staphylococcus cultivation, by the inhibition of the proteolytic
      activity of the antitrypsin precipitating sera and by the production of protein
      precipitate as a result of incubation of the supernant with the antitrypsin
      precipitating sera.

PMID- 1222278
TI  - [Effect of heparin on the capacity of human blood lymphocytes for blast
      transformation].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of heparin on the capacity of the human blood
      lymphocytes to blast-transformation in response to the stimulation with
      antilymphocytic gamma-globulin and phytohemagglutinin. Heparin proved to inhibit
      more intensively the transformation of lymphocytes stimulated by the
      antilymphocytic gamma globulin. The depressive effect arose when heparin was
      injected one hour before the mitogen, simultaneously with it and one hour after
      it.

PMID- 1222279
TI  - [Reaction of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system of cats to stimulation of the
      cervical sympathetic nerve and the afferent fibers of the vagus nerve].
AB  - Data are presented on the functional morphology of the hypothalamo-hypophysial
      neurosecretory system of cats in stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve
      and of the afferent fibers of the vagus. Stimulation of the sympathetic nerve
      selectively activated the supraoptic nucleus and caused the discharge of the
      neurohormones from the posterior lobe of the hypophysis, whereas its infundibular
      portion contained much neurosecretory material. In response to the stimulation of
      the vagus all the portions of the neurohypophysis were released of the Gomori
      positive substance; both the supraoptic and the paraventricular nucleus were
      activated.

PMID- 1222280
TI  - [Some properties of the mitogenic factor induced in human lymphocytes under the
      influence of phytohemagglutinin].
AB  - Production of the PHA-induced human lymphocyte mitogenic factor (MF) previously
      described by the author and its influence on the lymphoid cells were
      investigated. The PHA-antiserum and immunosorbents were used for the PHA
      inactivation. The PHA-stimulated lymphocytes produced the mitogenic factor (MF)
      during the G1 period and the beginning of the S period of the cell cycle. When
      the cells were cultivated in the protein-free medium, the level of the DNA and
      the protein synthesis was significantly decreased, but the level of the MF
      production was 1.6 times greater than that of the MF production in the protein
      containing medium. Kinetics of the lymphocyte reaction to the MF is described:
      DNA synthesis (as judged by the H3-thymidine uptake) began on the 5th--6th day
      and reached the maximum on the 6th--7th day.

PMID- 1222281
TI  - [Appearance of foci of hematopoiesis and hematopoietic stem cells in the liver of
      mice following a single administration of cyclophosphane].
AB  - The nidi of hemopoiesis appeared in the liver and the lymph nodes of DBA/2,
      C57BL/6j and F1 (C57BL/6j X CBA) strains of mice of the 6th day after a single
      intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide in a dose of 200 mg/kg. This
      process was accompanied by the appearance of stem hemopoietic cells in the liver.
      Their maximum number was observed on the 6th and the  9th days. On the 12th day
      their level decreased, but it still exceeded the one in the animals which
      received a suspension of normal liver cells. In myelosan exhaustion the pool of
      the bone marrow and splenic stem cells, the subsequent cyclophosphamide injection
      failed to induce the appearance of the nidi of hemopoiesis and stem cells in the
      liver.

PMID- 1222282
TI  - [Renewal time, proliferative pool and duration of the mitotic cycle of the
      epithelial cells of the common bile duct].
AB  - Using cholchicine and H3-thymidine the following parameters of the mitotic cycle
      (in hours) were calculated: T=56.6; tm=0.9; tg2=1.2; ts=6; tg1=48.5 The
      proliferative pool was 7.5% and the time of epithelium renewal--754.5 hours. The
      common bile duct epithelium should be referred to the tissue systems with slow
      renewal.

PMID- 1222283
TI  - [Determination of smooth muscle myosin in the theca cells of the ovary].

PMID- 1222284
TI  - [Activation of parathyroid hormone by heparin in vitro].
AB  - Heparin proved to be essential component in bone resorption. In vitro heparin
      activated the effects of parathyroid hormone in respect to bone resorption, but
      heparin alone was incapable of causing the resorption.

PMID- 1222285
TI  - [Electromyocartography of the thigh. Attempt at a functional analysis of the
      locking of the knee against resistance].
AB  - Electromyocartographic analysis of the extension of the leg in different
      positions has shown that: - on the whole energy developped by all superficial
      muscles of the thigh is more important in the position of dorsal decubitus than
      in a seated position; - functionnal activity of the rectus femoris muscle varies
      according to different subjects. Its activity is lower in the seated position,
      compared to dorsal decubitus, a classic notion; - in contradiction to classic
      notions, the most active muscle electrically is the vastus lateralis muscle. The
      vastus medialis muscle is however also very active; - from these results, it is
      possible to obtain a smaller variability owing to their relative quantification.
      One observes a hierarchy of electric activity levels of different surfaces, that
      constitutes the basis of functionnal and clinical study.

PMID- 1222286
TI  - [Anatomical revision of the lymphatic system of the mammary gland (200 cases)].
AB  - The author has made an Anatomical Review of the Lymphatic System of the Mammary
      Gland on the Base of the study of 200 cases. Three main lymphatic pedicles and
      their respective subpedicles are described. It was not observed that the mammary
      lymph drains to the contralateral side or by a direct route to the nodes of the
      supraclavicular region. The author describes some nodes which are not previously
      mentioned in the literature, presents a new classification of the axillary
      lymphatic nodes from an anatomical point of view. This study is still under
      execution.

PMID- 1222287
TI  - [Evolution of the astroglial reaction in the pyramidal pathway after injury of
      the rat motor cortex].
AB  - Investigation of astrocytes in the pyramidal tract of the rat 2 to 100 days after
      a lesion of the motor cortex indicates that the glial reaction, with increase in
      size of astrocytes and in affinity for Cajal's gold-sublimate, begins at the
      lesion and extends to the distal segments of the spinal cord. But this reaction
      recedes and disappears in lumbar and dorsal cord about 70 days after the
      operation. It persists in the cervical cord and in the brain. On the other hand,
      a characteristic increase in activity of glutamate andglucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenases is restricted to the vicinity of the lesion and does not even
      encroach upon the posterior limb of the internal capsule.

PMID- 1222288
TI  - [Notes on osteoclastic resorption].
AB  - Microradiography of transverse sections in diaphyseal compact bone of old dogs
      shows many osteons with irregularly delimited haversian canals, very similar to a
      resorption cavity (fig. 1). Microradiography of longitudinal sections in the same
      material reveals that the enlargement of the canal affects only a fraction of its
      length (fig. 2). After methylene blue staining, no osteoclasts have been observed
      but only small mononucleated cells (fig. 3 and 4). The signification of these
      observations is discussed.

PMID- 1222289
TI  - [Variation of the mitotic coefficient and biochemical specialization. Study of
      the differentiation of the liver parenchyma in the goose during the embryonal
      period and after hatching].
AB  - An abrupt decrease of the mitotic index occurs between the 15th and the 18 day of
      incubation. This decrease is concomitant withthe appearance of glycogen first and
      of lipids later. The differenciation implicated by this biochemical
      specialisation is correlative of a lowering of cellular multiplication ability,
      according to A. Prenant's general law.

PMID- 1222290
TI  - [The posterior menisco-femoral ligaments and their significance in
      organogenesis].
AB  - In the knee joint, there are two sorts of posterior menisco-femoral ligaments,
      one of them, on the lateral side binds the posterior edge of the meniscus with
      the femur, the other on the medial side attaches a part of the meniscal horn to
      the posterior cruciate ligament or to the femur. The differentiation of these
      ligamentous bundles seems to be bound with the organogenetic varieties of the
      posterior cruciate ligament.

PMID- 1222291
TI  - [Study of the correlations between the volumes of the hypophysis, the epiphysis
      and the subfornical organ to the somatic weight and the volume of the
      hypothalamus in rodents].
AB  - The correlations between volume of the hypophysis, of the epiphysis and of the
      subfornical organ to body weight and volume of the hypothalamus were studied on
      193 rodents belonging to 41 species. Concerning the volume of the hypophyseal
      lobes the regression slopes of Rodentia occupy an intermediate position between
      those of Isectivora and Prosimians studied by BAUCHOT. The volume of the
      epiphysis increases more rapidly with the weight of the body than that of the
      hypophyseal lobes, the volume of the subfornical organ increases on the contrary
      more slowly.

PMID- 1222292
TI  - [Selection by means of centrifugation of Ehrlich tumor cells in the presynthetic
      phase from the DNA viewpoint].

PMID- 1222293
TI  - [Anatomo-functional properties of the vertebral axis].
AB  - The mechanics of the 3 segments of the vertebral column can be explained in the
      light of the existence of a real vertebral tripod; the modalities of the function
      of the three vertebral portions and of zones of transition, as well as the
      functional meaning of some vertebral structures or their annexes are explained.
      The author finally studies the vertebral curbs and denies them any value of
      increasing resistance or elasticity; he considers them as a factor of weakness
      which expresses itself mechanically by a compounded flexion to which the basical
      structure of the vertebral tripod and its bony, ligmentous and muscular annexes
      is opposed.

PMID- 1222294
TI  - [New morphologic findings on the microscopic organization of the inferior
      colliculus in the cat].
AB  - The distribution of different cell types has been studied in the cat inferior
      colliculus. Morphometry by point counting on semi thin sections led to calculate
      SN (surface of nucleus), Sc (surface of cell), SN/Sc. Two cell types (small and
      large neurons) are found, their distribution delimits three nuclear formations
      (dorso-lateralis, dorso-medialis, ventralis). Craniocaudaly, the volume of the
      ventral formation decreases, while the volume of the dorsal-medial formation
      increases. The dorso-lateral formation remains constant. Thus the pattern of the
      morphological differentiation is similar to that of the functionnal
      differentiation.

PMID- 1222295
TI  - [Effects of colchicine on the content of ribonucleic acids and total proteins of
      cultured nerve cells. Preliminary study].
AB  - Nervous cells from chick embryo lumbo-sacral spinal cord have been cultivated in
      vitro and treated with colchicine. The effects of this alkaloid on the RNA and
      the total protein contents of nervous cells have been studied by quantitative
      cytochemical methods. The RNA content has been measured by cytophotometry after
      DNase digestion and gallocyanine-chromalun staining; the cellular protein content
      has been measured after Naphtol Yellow S staining. In colchicine treated
      cultures, the main part of the nervous cell population consists of spheroidal and
      piriform neuroblasts; some cells are neurocytes with short processes. During the
      48 first hours in vitro, the RNA content is approximatively identical in treated
      cells as in controls. The cellular total protein content is much lower in the
      treated cells than in the controls.

PMID- 1222296
TI  - [Asymetry, correlations and sex difference in the descriptive properties of the
      cranium].
AB  - A biometric study of some descriptive cranial characteristics pointed out that
      asymmetry bears only on the jugular foramen, that sexual differentiation exists
      at the level of the protrusions and also of the orifices, and lastly that some
      correlations remain unexplained.

PMID- 1222297
TI  - [Morphometric study of the dog radial diaphysis].
AB  - Cross sections in the midshaft of the radius bone from various dogs show an
      important polymorphism (fig. 1). However, calculation indicates that all these
      sections are comparable and of elliptical surface (fig. 2). The mean thickness of
      the cortex increases with total area (fig. 3) but is independant of the age of
      the animals (fig. 4).

PMID- 1222298
TI  - [The venous vascularization of the pancreas].
AB  - The venous vascularisation of the pancreas has been studied in the West African
      on 157 pieces, by the method of injection-corrosion. The polymeric plastic used
      for this operation was Rhodopas A X 85.15. The results are quite comparable to
      those reported in Couppie's thesis (Lyon, 1957) on the European. The venous
      drainage of the head of the pancreas is secured by four arches: anterior,
      posterior, inferior and intra-glandular, formed by three pancreatico-duodenal
      veins (inferior-anterior, superior-posterior, inferior-posterior). Three other
      venous trunks, independant from that system, and which are not reported in the
      former descriptions, participate in the formation of secondary, inconstant new
      arches. For the body and the tail of the pancreas, the disposition in two types
      described by Calas was found, but with an inverted respective percentage. The
      lower pancreatic vein was often demonstrated with particular clearness. For the
      neck of the pancreas, the venous vascularisation is secured by the isthmic veins,
      sometimes linked in a pre-glandular arch.

PMID- 1222299
TI  - [The division of the intra-parotid facial nerve. Morphologic and anthropometric
      study (128 dissections)].
AB  - The division of the facial nerve in the West African has been studied on 128
      dissections. The point of division and the distribution into "morphological
      types" are fairly identical to those established in subjects of the white race,
      with two special features: 80% of the nerves divide above the middle of the
      Tragion-gonion line. 25% of the nerves are of a "triforked" morphological type.
      The variations of the cephalic index are in close connection with those of the
      angle of division of the nerve (brachycephalic: average angle 95 degrees;
      mesocephalic: 107 degrees; dolichocephalic: 125 degrees). On the other hand, the
      study of the morphological and physiognomical facial indexes does not show any
      definitive correlation as regards the place of division and the number of
      secondary branches.

PMID- 1222300
TI  - [Problems posed by the orientation of the head].
AB  - After a brief history of the origin of the planes of section of the head, the
      authors state that there are two kinds of planes: "convenient" planes and those
      with a scientific basis. Among the latter, they study those which are based on
      the sensory organs and in particular, on sight (Broca's alveolocondylian plane)
      and balance (plane of the lateral semi-circular canal or its branches). The
      positioning of the head cannot be the result of a single sensory organ and even
      less of one part of a sensory organ. This positioning results from informations
      given by nearly all sensory organs.

PMID- 1222301
TI  - [Ultrastructural and cytochemical study of the endocrine serotonin secreting
      cells of the fetal and adult rabbit intestinal mucosa].
AB  - Endocrine cells of intestinal mucosa have been studied in rabbit fetuses and
      adults. The problem of an ultrastructural identification of "preargentaffin"
      serotonin cells has been elucidated comparing cytochemical and ultrastructural
      datas. Since all cells exhibiting a yellow formaldehyde-induced fluorescence
      reacted with Sevier-Munger method and since all impregnated cells were
      fluorescent it has been concluded that impregnated cells at the electron
      microscope level are serotonin cells; these cells had generally small and round
      granules. Another cell type with small round granules showing deposition of
      silver grains on the outer rim has been identified as granular S cells.

PMID- 1222302
TI  - [Neural differentiation starting with very young dissociated cells].
AB  - Before the appearance of the morphological primordium of the nervous dissociated,
      reaggregate selectively "in vitro" and reach high levels of neural
      differentiation and organization. This property allows the experimental
      reproduction of the neural differentiation process. Before the appearance of the
      morphological primordium of the nervous system, its precursory cells carry the
      necessary information to put in action the basic characteristics of cell
      differentiation and structural organization, even isolated from the influence of
      mesoblastic cells.

PMID- 1222303
TI  - [Intrahilar anastomoses of the hepatic artery].
AB  - From dissection of thirty dead bodies, the authors describe accessory hepatic
      arteries and show that many arteries reach the left liver; while, the right
      accessory arteries are essentially posterior and very peripheral.

PMID- 1222304
TI  - [Thymic ectopia and parathyroid tissue in the pangolin (Manis tricuspis
      Rafinesque)].
AB  - Thymic ectopies are under study in 45 Pangolin's thyroids (Manis tricuspis
      Rafinesque). Their frequency seems to be independent of the sex of the animal but
      this frequency also appears to be in relation to the age of the animal. The
      topographic and morphological studies suggest a close relationship between these
      inclusions made out of thymic tissue and the presence of parathyroid islets
      included into the thyroid capsule. Some pictures, showing a connection between
      parathyroid cells and thymis parenchym elements, plead in favour of a functional
      interelation between these different structures as the Mc Manus experiments
      suggest it.

PMID- 1222305
TI  - [Neuroskeletal  radiography and relationships of the sensitive branch of the
      radial nerve].
AB  - The authors carried out an anatomical, roentgenological and surgical study of the
      ramus superficialis of the radial nerve in man. This branch springs down 1,2 cm.
      below the humeroradial space and crosses the posterior rim of brachioradialis 8
      cm. above the tip of the radial processus styloideus. Twice the exceptional
      arteria antebrachialis dorsalis was found; the vessel and the radial nerve looked
      like a posterior pedicle at the forearm. Among the 3 ending branches, the middle
      one is the most vulnerable in lateral approach of radius and naviculare.

PMID- 1222306
TI  - [Relative concentration of deoxyribonucleic acid in the experimental deciduoma
      and the blastocyst of female rats: cytophotometric study].
AB  - Polyploidy level of experimentally induced deciduomata was determined by
      cytophotometric measures of DNA-Feulgen, with the "Ultramikrospektrophotometer
      UMSP Zeiss" by scanning. The antimesometrial tissue reached 32 n, 72 H after the
      uterine trauma, whereas the mesometrial part did not exceed a 4 n polyploidy
      level. With the same technics we studied the ovarian hormone, its action upon the
      blastocyst cellular cycle. In delayed blastocysts, synthesis was never found.
      OEstradiol removed the inhibition and DNA synthesis then starts again.

PMID- 1222307
TI  - [Gonad development and differentiation in the golden hamster].
AB  - Development and gonadal differentiation in the Golden Hamster embryo are studied
      from day 9 of development to adult stages by means of histological, histochemical
      and cytogenetical techniques. The gonad appears on the day 9 of development and
      remains in an indifferentiated stage until day 11, testicular differentiation is
      carried out from day 12 with testicular cords and Leydig cells. Ovarian
      differentiation occurs later from day 14 of development and is practically
      recognizable after birth.

PMID- 1222308
TI  - [Vascular topography of the dorsolumbar spine in the African Black (105 cases)].
AB  - 105 black african subjects were studied by plastic radio-opaque medium or
      anatomical dissection of the vessels in the dorso-lumbar spine. Numerous
      topographic variation were analyzed for pre, retro and intravertebral arteries
      and veins before. The results of this study are profitable to a secure surgery of
      the spine by the forward way. The best position for ligature is determined to
      avoid dangerous positions near anterior vertebral foramens and to preserve
      medullary circulation.

PMID- 1222309
TI  - [Appearance of the uterine mucosa in the puberal female rat after continuous
      exposure to light or early androgenization].
AB  - Female Albino rats exposed to permanent light or androgenized at birth exhibit
      structural modifications of the uterine mucosa similar to the women's affected by
      the stein Leventhal syndrome.

PMID- 1222311
TI  - [Rare variation of the cubital artery].
AB  - The author discribes a very rare abnormality of the ulnar artery and discusses
      its eventual origin.

PMID- 1222310
TI  - [Effects of continuous exposure to light on the ovaries of puberal rats].
AB  - Female Albino Rats exposed to permanent light, have polycystic and anovulatory
      ovaries, with a vaginal cytology composed of cornified cells (persistent estrus)
      and a plasmatic hyperandrogenia. These structural modifications are similar to
      those of women affected by Stein-Leventhal's syndrome. The possible role of
      regulation of the pineal gland is considered.

PMID- 1222312
TI  - [Determination of cranial capacity using endocranial dimensions].
AB  - 1. The products of endocranial dimensions found on radiographies provide
      excellent estimations of cranial capacity. 2. The sums of their dimensions are
      better than the products for ancient fossils, but there is a shortage of data
      allowing to appreciate if these products are suitable for all fossil men or only
      for some of them.

PMID- 1222313
TI  - [Anatomo-radiological study of the spinal venous system of the lumbo-sacral
      junction].
AB  - Transfemoral ascending lumbar catheterization of the epidural veins is a new
      radiological method in lumbar disk disease. The technique and interpretation of
      the venogram offer some problems: Origin of ascending lumbar vein and internal
      vertebral venous structures are variable. The authors use 11 corrosion
      preparations and 18 venograms for the study of the ascending lumbar vein and
      internal vertebral venous system.

PMID- 1222314
TI  - [Anatomoradiological study of the variations of the internal mammary artery].
AB  - Variation of the course of the internal thoracic artery is analysed on the basis
      of 90 roentgenographs and 52 corrosion preparations. Origin, length, topography
      and diameter of the lumen of the trunk of the artery are described.

PMID- 1222315
TI  - [Does estradiol act in a unique way during progestation in the female rat? I.
      Uptake and retention of estradiol 17beta in the uterus of castrated rats under
      the influence of uterine distension].
AB  - In castrated female rats, uterine distension resulted in an increased uptake of
      tritiated oestradiol within the period studied (from 10 minutes to 24 hours after
      distension), whereas progesterone 14C incorporation was not increased. Using cold
      hormones (progesterone or oestradiol) before injection of radioactive ones, wer
      were able to demonstrate the specificity of this uptake 3.5 hours or 24 hours
      after initiation of distension. These results suggested that the oestradiol
      receptor may be synthetized without direct hormonal action. They are discussed
      with regard to oestradiol action, particularly during progestati-n and at the
      time of ovum implantation.

PMID- 1222316
TI  - [Significance of chemotherapy complementary to radiotherapy in stages I and II in
      Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - In a series of 118 cases of Hodgkin's disease in stage I and II successively
      treated by irradiation alone or by chemotherapy followed by irradiation or by
      chemotherapy + irradiation + chemotherapy, a retrospective analysis brings out
      the share of classical radiotherapy in the cures associated with chemotherapy,
      which in providing a remission rate of the order of 90 p. 100 renders superfluous
      the maintenance of a long course of chemotherapy and of negligible interest the
      performance of an exploratory laparotomy.

PMID- 1222317
TI  - [Tobacco and public health. Initial attempt at detoxification].

PMID- 1222318
TI  - [Influence of treatment with ionizing radiations on the immune response of cancer
      patients].
AB  - We report the results of immunological surveillance of 60 patients with advanced
      ENT, mammary and bronchopulmonary cancers or Hodgkin's disease, treated only by
      physical agents. These patients were explored by blastic stimulation testing
      before, during and after radiation therapy. The results confirm an
      immunodepressive effect of radiotherapy which increase as the irradiated areas
      increase, thus showing the importance of immunological surveillance of the cancer
      patients especially after irradiation. In effect the correlation existing between
      the importance of immunological repair after irradiation and a good short-term
      prognosis lead us to plan new radio-immunotherapeutic associations in the
      treatment of advanced cancers or cancers with a poor prognosis.

PMID- 1222319
TI  - [Immunological study in cancer of the breast].
AB  - Between 1970 and 1972, 200 patients with breast carcinomas treated by irradiation
      underwent immunological work up. This study was carried out before and after
      treatment, than at three, six and twelve months later. Immune responses were
      found to confine to normal at the time of treatment wether the lesions be small
      or large, and the doubling time short or long. Irradiation has a clear cut
      depressing effect on the delayed hypersensitivity skin tests and on the level of
      the circulating lymphocytes while the lymphoblastic transformation tests are not
      modified. Usually four months to more than one year are necessary for the tests
      to return at normal after irradiation. At the present time, this study cannot
      conclude on the prognostic value of these patients immune responses.

PMID- 1222320
TI  - [The tobacco-cancer problem].
AB  - Statistical, biological and chemical data on the carcinogenic effect of tobacco
      smoke are given and are discussed. The epidemiological studies have clearly shown
      the particularly noxious action of inhalation, and the direct ratio between the
      risk and the number of cigarettes smoked. The laboratory experiments on
      biological properties of cigarette smoke raise various problems of
      interpretation, however they reinforce the results given by statistical studies
      on man. The quantities of carcinogenic compounds which have been isolated from
      cigarette smoke are too small to account for the whole action. The co
      carcinogenic, promoting, necrosing and toxic effects of some smoke condensate
      fractions could play an important part in the carcinogenic action. To cope with
      the health problems of the smoking habit, the tobaccoproducers and the public
      health organisations have taken steps, which led to a better knowledge of the
      problem and to the production of cigarettes which are less harmful to man.

PMID- 1222321
TI  - [Editorial: Tobacco and the cancerologist].

PMID- 1222322
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies on the role of tobacco in various human cancers].
AB  - The totality of epidemiological research over the last 25 years in the field of
      the relationship between tobacco consumption and the chance of developing certain
      cancers has demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt that the use of tobacco is
      implicated in the genesis of a certain number of cancers of the respiratory tract
      and the upper air and food passages. The most important relationship concerns
      carcinoma of the bronchus, currently the most frequently encountered in men, for
      which the incidence risk is directly related to the use of cigarettes and which
      rises with the amount smoked and with inhaling. Other possible aetiological
      factors, particularly occupational exposure to chemical and radio active agents,
      whilst interesting are none the less marginal. The ramifications of epidemiologic
      and experimental researchs lead us to envisage a multifactorial aetiology in
      which tobacco is a constant element. Avoidance of exposure would play a major
      role in prevention.

PMID- 1222323
TI  - Clinical assessment of autonomic dysfunction: an approach to the Shy-Drager
      syndrome.

PMID- 1222324
TI  - Anterior decompression of the thoracic and thoraco-lumbar spine.
AB  - The authors report their experience with six cases of acute spinal cord
      compression due to tumor, trauma, and infection in which the thoraco-lumbar spine
      and cord were most satisfactorily decompressed using an anterior transthoracic
      approach. Consideration is given to the appropriate pre-operative diagnostic
      procedures utilized to define those cases that are most amenable to an anterior
      approach. In addition, a consideration of paravertebral anatomy in the thoraco
      lumbar area provides a basis for variance in approaching the ventral aspect of
      the thoraco-lumbar spine in order to minimize potential vascular complications.

PMID- 1222325
TI  - Adreno-leukodystrophy with microphthalmia. A condition marked by general organ
      hypoplasia.
AB  - A 5-6/12 year old male child who was noted to have neurological impairment at
      birth, eventually died with widespread neurological disease. Pathological
      findings were compatible with adreno-leukodystrophy, but also showed
      microphthalmia and diffuse organ hypoplasia. A review of the clinical and
      pathological characteristics of adreno-leukodystrophy of previous cases and the
      current case suggests that the range of the disease spectrum may well involve
      most organs of the body. The possibility of an inherited membrane deficit is
      entertained.

PMID- 1222326
TI  - Is sociopathy a neurologic disorder?

PMID- 1222327
TI  - Migraine: variations on a theme the Fourth Cyril B. Courville Lecture.

PMID- 1222328
TI  - Headache associated with discogenic disease of the cervical spine.

PMID- 1222329
TI  - [Comparison between peak expiratory flow rate and daily report of the symptoms in
      asthmatic children (author's transl)].
AB  - In a group of 140 asthmatic children (6-15 years old) followed up for six months,
      the authors compared : (1) the daily transcription of asthmatic symptoms, of
      their intensity and of the use of antibiotics or corticosteroids ; (2) the peak
      expiratory flow rate measured daily at nine a.m. ; (3) the clinical history,
      coded every fifth day. A clinical score was computed by multiple linear
      correlation between (1) and (3), with a correlation coefficient of 0.84 (p less
      than 0.001), showing that the propounded quantification of symptoms and
      treatments was very good for estimating the clinical history. The coefficient of
      simple linear correlation between peak expiratory flow rate and score (r = -
      0.41) and between peak expiratory flow rate and clinical history (r = --0.65) was
      statistically significant ; however a further computation by stepwise multiple
      linear correlation showed that the peak expiratory flow rate was essentially
      correlated to the intensity of the symptoms, and to a lesser degree to the
      presence of breathlessness and prescription of corticosteroids. The correlation
      coefficient was -- 0.55 (p less than 0.01). Thus the peak expiratory flow rate
      does not very well account for the clinical state of asthmatics ; useful for the
      fast but superficial monitoring of patients, it cannot replace the daily
      transcription of symptoms and treatments : both methods are complementary.

PMID- 1222330
TI  - Pulmonary arterial pressure in conscious and anaesthetized dogs.
AB  - In 84 conscious mongrel dogs weighting 19.0 +/- 3.2 kg (x +/- s), the mean
      pressure in the pulmonary artery was found to be 14.2 +/- 3.1 mmHg. In 102
      anaesthetized dogs weighting 19.9 +/- 3.2 kg, pulmonary arterial pressure was
      14.3 +/- 2.8 mmHg and pressure in the abdominal aorta 121.3 +/- 16.9 mmHg ; the
      O2 saturation in the arterial blood recorded oximetrically at the same time was
      91.9 +/- 1.3%. Statistical analysis of the data derived from  a selection of 87
      of these anaesthetized dogs (body=weight : 15-25 kg ; Sao2 : 90-94 % ; mean
      aortic pressure : 80-150 mmHg ; mean pulmonary arterial pressure : 9-19.5 mmHg)
      revealed a significant relation between pulmonary pressure and O2 saturation. No
      significant relation was demonstrable, however, between these pressures and the
      animals' body-weight. The lower limit of the normal range of mean pulmonary
      pressure was 8 mmHg and the upper limit 20 mmHg.

PMID- 1222331
TI  - [Role of the acid-base status on the changes of haemoglobin oxygen affinity in
      arterial hypoxemia (author's transl)].
AB  - Fifty-seven patients, all with chronic respiratory insufficiency and hypoxemia,
      have been classified in five groups according to their acid-base status,
      determined by the intra-erythrocytic pH (pHi) : A. normal acid-base balance ; B.
      chronic alkalosis ; C. acute alkalosis ; D. acute acidosis ; E. chronic acidosis.
      We have measured in the arterial blood : Po2, PCO2, plasmatic pH (pHp1), pHi,
      P50(7,40) and 2,3-DPG. From these values. the base-excess (B.E.) and the P50 to
      real pH [P50 I.V.] have been computed. There is a good correlation between 2,3
      DPG and P50 (r = 0.707), none between P50 and Pao2. For a normal acid-base
      balance, P50 and 2.3-DPG also are normal. Increased in chronic alkalosis, the
      amount of DPG is decreased in chronic acidosis. The DPG-pHi correlation is very
      good (r = 0.691 ; pless 0.001) and the changes of the acid-base balance seem to
      be the main factors for controlling the DPG synthesis : it increases it in
      chronic alkalosis and reduces it in chronic acidosis. Thus the P50(I.V.) returns
      to the normal range on account of the Bohr effect adjustement. On the contrary,
      in acute acidosis and alkalosis, the amount of DPG is normal and the P50(I.V.) is
      increased or reduced. Therefore the duration of the acid-base lack of balance
      also interfers.

PMID- 1222332
TI  - [A diagram to analyse airways patency abnormalities (author's transl)].
AB  - The factors contributing to airflow obstruction in chronic respiratory diseases
      are frequently investigated by measuring an index of airways patency : 1) at
      various lung volumes, which permits to detect and quantify the obstruction, 2) at
      different static recoil pressures (Pst) to recognize abnormalities not related to
      a loss of elastic recoil. A diagram has been developed which facilitates the
      analysis and permits a more quantitative evaluation of intrinsic and extrinsic
      factors : the index of airways patency (I) is plotted simultaneously against Pst
      and against lung volume (expressed in % of predicted TLC), the two abscissae
      being scaled in such a way that the normal ranges are coincident for the two
      curves. Then, the distance from the I(Pst) curve to the normal range may be used
      to estimate the  abnormalities due to intrinsic factors, and the distance between
      the two curves to evaluate extrinsic obstruction. Taking maximum expiratory flows
      as the index of airways patency, examples are shown to illustrate the use of the
      diagram.

PMID- 1222333
TI  - [Clinical and experimental researches about the expired CO2 origin (author's
      tranal)].
AB  - We are convinced on the basis of experiments made on animals and on the basis of
      observations made during pneumonectomies operations, that the expired CO2 does
      not originate only from the arterial pulmonary system. Our experineces prove that
      the expired CO2 originates in a not negligible quantity from the blood of the
      bronchial arteries and the metabolism of the lung.

PMID- 1222334
TI  - [Assessment of an oxygen dilution device with a ventilatory mask (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Oxygen dilution devices (Venturi 3 and 4) with Multi-VentTM mask, using an oxygen
      flow rate of 6 1/min, are insufficient when subjects' ventilation is increased :
      inspired oxygen concentration is lower than predicted. This can be detrimental to
      patients who could benefit by oxygenotherapy during exercise.

PMID- 1222335
TI  - The role of angiography in diagnosis and management of blunt renal trauma.
AB  - In a series of 223 patients with blunt renal injury, 40 patients underwent
      angiography. From this experience the following conclusions have been drawn: If a
      renal injury is suspected the IVP must be done as soon as possible. In most cases
      the diagnosis can be confirmed. Mild injuries should be managed conservatively
      and therefore need no angiography. In life endangering injury there is no time
      for angiography. The operation should be done preferably by a transperitoneal
      approach to allow good control of the renal pedicle. Patients with severe
      injuries should undergo angiography. If there is no function on the IVP,
      angiography should be done immediately to diagnose possible arterial thrombosis.
      In most cases angiography can be carried out some days after the trauma. This
      investigation provides an exact diagnosis and helps in deciding about further
      treatment. If a major part of the kidney has no blood supply, or there is a
      rupture with a large perirenal extravasation of urine, we recommend conservative
      surgery to avoid early and late complications. All operations should be done some
      days after the trauma. All patients with renal injuries, either operated or
      conservatively managed, should be carefully followed up. Angiography should be
      done in all cases of post-traumatic hypertension.

PMID- 1222336
TI  - The Bristol Pyelonephritis Registry: 10 years on.
AB  - The reasons for the initiation and the basic structure of the Bristol
      Pyelonephritis Registry have been discussed. The detailed follow-up data on those
      patients clinically at "renal risk" has been noted, with a demonstrably low
      incidence of proven bacterial infection, no radiological progression and minimal
      interference with pregnancy. Satisfactory and reassuring information has thus
      accrued for the first time in a particular group of patients with often severe
      recurrent symptoms.

PMID- 1222337
TI  - Matrix and the infective renal calculus.
AB  - From the basis of an examination of the literature, and on a personal exerience
      of the surgical treatment of 100 cases of calculus disease, the suggestion is
      made that 2 distinct mechanisms of calculogenesis should be recognised. Calculi
      of metabolic origin should be considered as having an entirely distinct
      aetiological mechanism. Phosphatic calculi are apparently determined by the
      existence of urinary tract infection. Partial nephrectomy does not seem indicated
      for either type of disease.

PMID- 1222338
TI  - Uromucoid excretion of normal individuals and stone formers.
AB  - Uromucoid excretion was measured in 49 normal subjects and 79 patients with
      stones. The results showed no significant differences in the uromucoid excretion
      rate between these 2 groups; there was no simple quantitative relationship
      between uromucoid excretion rate and the genesis of stones. It is suggested that
      uromucoid may be concerned in a protective function of tubular epithelium and
      also in the transport of electrolytes and hydrogen ions.

PMID- 1222339
TI  - Childhood urolithiasis in the United Kingdom and Eire.
AB  - 152 children with urinary calculi were treated in the United Kingdom and Eire in
      the years 1972 and 1973. There was a marked male preponderance particularly
      evident in early life. In 124 children the urine was infected on admission to
      hospital; in 87, particularly the younger children, this was with the Proteus
      species. Awareness of the relationship between Proteus urinary infection and
      matrix calculi is stressed.

PMID- 1222340
TI  - Stone screening and follow-up are necessary?
AB  - In a series of 120 patients with renal stones 60% were found to have a treatable
      metabolic abnormality. Idiopathic hypercalciuria and the incomplete form of renal
      tubular acidosis were the two most common abnormalities. Both conditions in the
      untreated form were associated with an unacceptably high stone recurrence rate
      and incidence of change. In view of this, follow-up is considered essential and
      if medical treatment is to be offered this should be in the form of a controlled
      clinical trial.

PMID- 1222341
TI  - The technique and results of pyleocalycotomy for staghorn calculi.
AB  - In 10 kidneys treated by the sinus approach the overall recurrence rate was 40%.
      In 48 kidneys treated by pyelocalycotomy the overall recurrence rate was 17% but
      only 6% in functioning kidneys with infective stones. Infection was controlled in
      75% of patients from whom all stone fragments were removed radiologically but all
      patients in whom fragments remained, or who developed further calculi, remained
      infected--with Proteus in 75% of cases. All patients with kidneys completely
      cleared of calculi in whom infection was controlled remained stone-free for
      periods up to 10 years.

PMID- 1222342
TI  - The place of partial nephrectomy in the management of renal calyceal calculi.
AB  - In 416 patients with renal and ureteric calculi other than large staghorns we
      found that when it was possible to identify the calyx of origin of the stones,
      the lower poles were involved in 36-6% of males and 40-4% of females. In the
      follow up of the 115 lower poles originally containing stones the recurrence rate
      was 17% in those who were merely observed, 56% in those treated by pyelo- or
      nephrolithotomy, and zero in those treated by partial neprectomy. But when these
      cases were looked at more closely it was found that recurrences were virtually
      confined to lower poles which had originally harboured more than one stone, while
      in those with single stones to start with, the recurrence rate was not
      significantly different in either of these three groups. Partial nephrectomy
      should therefore be reserved for selected cases where the stones are originally
      multiple, or where the lower pole has been severely damaged. It is not necessary
      for small and single calyceal calculi.

PMID- 1222343
TI  - Equivocal pelvi-ureteric obstruction.
AB  - A series of 40 studies have been used to assess whether or not there is
      obstruction in the pelvi-ureteric region in 27 kidneys. The perfusion test which
      is discussed has provided an answer in all cases where the technique was possible
      and allowed a logical decision to be taken concerning management.

PMID- 1222344
TI  - A simple classification of wide ureters.
AB  - A simple classification of abnormal ureters is presented which categorises the
      ureters according to the presence or absence of 3 factors, namely reflux, bladder
      outlet obstruction and ureteric obstruction. It has been devised to try to rid
      the literature of many confusing and obsolete terms and it is hoped that this new
      classification may become internationally accepted.

PMID- 1222345
TI  - Ring ureterostomy.
AB  - A method is described for temporary cutaneous ureterostomy which combines the
      advantage of loop ureterostomy with a well vascularised stoma with those of the
      Sober Y operation allowing easy restoration of ureteric integrity.

PMID- 1222346
TI  - Acute urinary retention in the female.
AB  - The causes of acute urinary retention in the female are discussed in relation to
      103 cases recorded over a 3-year period. The authors feel that the findings are
      at variance with traditional teaching on the subject. Rather than being very rare
      the condition is found, in fact, to be not uncommon. It is found to occur
      postoperatively and following childbirth. Gynaecological and neurological lesions
      are reaffirmed as important causes and pathology within the urinary tract is
      found to be a more frequent component that is usually appreciated. Our findings
      do not support the view that hysteria is a common cause of acute urinary
      retention in females.

PMID- 1222347
TI  - Ultrasound assessment of residual urine in children.
AB  - Ultrasound has been used to assess residual urine in children and found to have
      considerable advantages over other methods. Using a B-mode scan in the sagittal
      plane the presence or absence of residual urine can be confidently determined.
      Quantitative measurements of volume are subject to considerable error but semi
      quantitative information in individual cases can be obtained by comparison of
      records made at subsequent examinations. More accurate quantitative values might
      be achieved by constructing an individual calibration curve. The advantages of
      ultrasound for assessing residual urine are that it is simple, quick, harmless
      and non-invasive. Because of these features the examination can be readily
      repeated, is suitable for out-patient use and is acceptable to children.

PMID- 1222348
TI  - The effect of adrenergic blocking drugs on outflow resistance.
AB  - Alpha blockade at a dose which produces minimal cardiovascular effects causes a
      significant fall in the urethral pressure profile in man. No change in profile
      height has been seen following the administration of a beta blocking drug in a
      dose producing cardiovascular changes of a similar order of magnitude.

PMID- 1222349
TI  - Flat carcinoma in Situ of bladder.
AB  - 36 patients with flat carcinoma in situ of the bladder have been reviewed. Those
      with widespread disease usually presented with dysuria or obstructive outflow
      tract symptoms and radical surgery appeared to give better results than
      radiotherapy. However, when the lesion was confined to small areas of the bladder
      mucosa, haematuria or pain were the main presenting symptoms and a conservative
      approach seemed justified. It is suggested that the term flat carcinoma in situ
      be used for this lesion whose behavior differs significantly from that of the
      commoner papillary or invasive tumours. The pathological appearances are to be
      reported elsewhere in full.

PMID- 1222350
TI  - The effects of overstretching on the structure and function of the bladder in
      relation to Helmstein's distension therapy.
AB  - Measurements of the maximum bladder distensibility, cystometrograms and
      histological studies of the bladder after Helmstein's distension therapy show
      intramural fibrosis and a reduction in bladder capacity. When this is made worse
      by post-radiation fibrosis it may give rise to such severe contraction that
      diversion may be needed. There is no evidence that distension, of the type used
      here, ever gives rise to "stretching" or "atony" of the bladder: and it is
      questionable whether distension of a lesser degree, such as may be found in acute
      urinary retention, ever does so either.

PMID- 1222351
TI  - Hyperthermic perfusion of the distended urinary bladder in the management of
      recurrent transitional cell carcinoma.
AB  - The clinical and histological changes following hyperthermic perfusion of the
      distended urinary bladder have been studied in 13 patients with transitional cell
      carcinoma, persistent after radical radiotherapy. Continuous epidural anaesthesia
      was necessary to achieve a constant state of bladder relaxation during irrigation
      of the distended bladder. This form of hyperthermic perfusion of the bladder was
      effective in arresting uncontrollable haemorrhage from bladder tumours and may be
      of value in the treatment of this complication. Perfusion at an outflow
      temperature of 44 degrees C for 4 hours caused tumour necrosis. It was, however,
      associated with damage to the vasculature of the bladder and frequency of
      micturition which persisted after mucosal recovery. Perfusion at 43 degrees C
      also caused tumour necrosis and the after effects were less severe.

PMID- 1222352
TI  - The therapeutic application of hyperthermia in the bladder.
AB  - Experience with 10 cases of hyperthermic irrigation of the bladder suggests that
      irrigation with saline at 80 degrees C for 10 to 15 min will stop bleeding and
      destroy epithelium and muscle layers without causing visceral injury or systemic
      disturbance. It may be preferable to cystectomy in certain poor-risk patients, or
      in those who refuse cystectomy for fear of impotence.

PMID- 1222353
TI  - The ultrastructure of human male urethral stricture.
AB  - Biopsy material was examined from 20 urethral strictures at the time of
      urethroplasty, using ultramicroscopic methods not hitherto applied to the study
      of the pathogenesis of stricture. Abundant smooth muscle and elastic tissue was
      found in the post-inflammatory strictures. The scar tissue from post-traumatic
      strictures merely showed dense collagen. An anatomical basis for the well known
      difference between the fibrous and the resilent stricture is demonstrated, and
      the role of smooth muscle in the development and behaviour of strictures is
      discussed.

PMID- 1222354
TI  - Bifid urethra with pre-anal accessory track (Y duplication).
AB  - Bifid urethra with a pre-anal or perineal accessory track (Y duplication) is an
      abnormality insufficiently recognised and its true anatomy may be overlooked. 9
      cases are reported together with a description of an operative correction.

PMID- 1222355
TI  - Sexual function in hypospadiacs.
AB  - The sexual function of 82 patients treated for hypospadias was assessed. It was
      concluded that the sexual function in these patients was unsatisfactory only
      following incomplete or incorrect surgery. The aim of surgery should be to
      achieve a straight penis with an adequate urethral lumen and a urethral orifice
      situated at the tip of the glans. Proper assessment of chordee and meticulous
      care in surgical technique are the prerequisites for success. They are the only
      preventive measures of the physical, psychic, sexual and social handicaps to
      which hypospadiacs are subjected.

PMID- 1222356
TI  - Transplantation of interstitial cells of the testis: effect of implant site,
      graft mass and ischaemia.
AB  - Autotransplantation of testicular tissue was performed in inbred mice to
      subcutaneous trunk, ear lobe and intraperitoneal sites. The results were assessed
      after 3 months by determining the weights of seminal vesicle and penis and by the
      histological appearances of the grafts and seminal vesicles. Intraperitoneal
      implantation produced maximal effects and as little as 5 mg of testicular tissue
      could be grafted with demonstrable androgenic action on the host. Spermatogenic
      tissue atrophied in all cases but interstitial cells were shown to survive and
      function 3 months after subcutaneous grafting following 48 hours ischaemia in 3
      degrees C, 12 hours at 21 degrees C and 3 hours at 37 degrees C.

PMID- 1222357
TI  - 200 infertile males: correlation of chromosome, histological, endocrine and
      clinical studies.
AB  - Somatic and meiotic chromosomes have been studied prospectively in 200 subfertile
      males. The results have been correlated with clinical, seminal and
      endocrinological features, with histological findings in testicular biopsies and
      with response to conventional treatment. Somatic chromosome abnormalities were
      found in 3-5% of cases and variants of the Y chromosome were found in 10-5%.
      Definite abnormalities in meiotic chromosomes were observed in 20% of these
      patients, including supernumerary chromosomes, low chiasma frequency and
      asynapsis, and translocations. Many of these abnormalities occurred as mosaics,
      presumably a result of meiotic mutation. In 4 cases, a previously unrecognised
      abnormality in pachynemas has been defined. Absence of meiosis was found in 12%
      of cases, which correlated well with the histological findings of germinal cell
      aplasia and elevated urinary FSH levels.

PMID- 1222358
TI  - The actions of prostaglandins on the smooth muscle of the human urinary tract in
      vitro.
AB  - 14 experiments, 10 on bladder muscle strips and 4 on samples of ureteric muscle,
      were performed to examine the actions of 4 prostaglandins (PGE, PGE2, PGF1alpha
      and PGF2alpha) on these tissues. Each of the prostaglandins caused bladder muscle
      to contract and prostaglandin F2alpha was the most potent in this respect. The F
      series prostaglandins also caused increased ureteric muscle contraction whilst
      those of the E series inhibited contractions. It is unlikely that contraction is
      produced by the direct action of prostaglandins on urinary smooth muscle. The
      suggestion is made that prostaglandins may have a function in the maintenance of
      vesical tone.

PMID- 1222359
TI  - [Man in space. Evolution of his role before and after medical evaluation of the
      Apollo and Skylab missions].

PMID- 1222360
TI  - [Immunologic aspects of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1222361
TI  - [Recent French law on interruption of pregnancy].

PMID- 1222362
TI  - [The abuse of x-ray for diagnostic purposes].

PMID- 1222363
TI  - [Influence of estriol on the castrated of post-menopausal woman].

PMID- 1222365
TI  - [A case of mucormycosis with hepatic involvement].

PMID- 1222364
TI  - [Cerebral concussion and participation in sports].

PMID- 1222366
TI  - [Ultrasonic explorations in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 1222367
TI  - [Study of the contraceptive action of a low dose oral progestagen (Exluton)].

PMID- 1222368
TI  - [Perfusion, method of choice in urography].

PMID- 1222369
TI  - Effect of ouabain on the innervated and noninnervated embryonic chick heart.
AB  - Attempts to assess the importance of the role played by endogenous catecholamines
      in the positive inotropic response to ouabain have produced contradictory
      results. The sympathetic nervous system is not present in the 4-day-old chicken
      embryo heart but is fully developed after 7 days of embryonic life. This was
      confirmed by the fact 4-day-old hearts do not respond to tyramine and cocaine
      while the usual positive inotropic and chronotropic responses were observed when
      these drugs were administered to 7-day-old hearts. In spite of this difference
      the positive inotropic response to ouabain was virtually identical at these two
      stages of development.

PMID- 1222370
TI  - Epileptiform seizures in domestic fowl. V. The anticonvulsant activity of delta9
      tetrahydrocannabinol.
AB  - The anticonvulsant activity of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) has been
      determined against seizures induced in epileptic chickens by intermittent photic
      stimulation (IPS) and in epileptic and nonepileptic chickens by Metrazol.
      Intravenous administration of the drug reduced both the severity and incidence of
      seizures evoked by IPS in epileptic chickens. This anticonvulsant action was
      accompanied by a reduction in frequency of inter-ictal slow-wave high-voltage
      electroencephalographic activity and by the absence of spiking during IPS. delta9
      THC did not affect the incidence of Metrazol-induced seizures in epileptic or
      nonepileptic chickens.

PMID- 1222371
TI  - Incorporation of thymidine and iododeoxyuridine into the DNA of mouse tissues.
AB  - Mice were injected intravenously with a solution containing tritiated thymidine
      (TdR) and iodine-labelled iododeoxyuridine (IUdR). The ratio of 3H/125I
      activities was measured in the acid-soluble fraction and in the DNA of several
      tissues at various times from 0.08 to 24 h after injection. There did not appear
      to be any discrimination in favor of TdR in the acid-soluble fraction of the
      tissues. The amount of TdR incorporated into the DNA was four to five times
      greater than the amount of IUdR incorporated; moreover, this value remained
      relatively constant throughout the period of DNA synthesis under the conditions
      used. Although IUdR was destroyed more rapidly than TdR in the body, particularly
      at high concentrations of both precursors, this factor did not account for the
      major portion of the discrimination observed with tracer amounts of the two DNA
      precursors. Discrimination in favor of TdR as a precursor for DNA must,
      therefore, occur at some stage in the utilization of intracellular precursor.

PMID- 1222372
TI  - Endocrine effects of chronic administration of psychoactive drugs to prepubertal
      male rats. II. LSD.
AB  - The endocrine effects of chronic D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
      administration to prepubertal animals were studied by injecting intraperitoneally
      three times a week for a month either 100 mug or 500 mug of the psychoactive drug
      per kilogram or the vehicle to groups of Sprague-Dawley male rats starting at 21
      days of age. Animals injected with either dosage of LSD had smaller body weights
      than controls and tail length was significantly reduced in the high dosage group,
      plasma levels of growth hormone (GH) were decreased in the high dosage group, and
      pituitary levels in the low dosage group. Plasma levels and pituitary
      concentrations of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were not
      significantly modified by the drug. The low dosage of LSD decreased the brain
      levels of noradrenaline and increased those of dopamine, while the high dosage
      decreased those of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data suggest that LSD, when
      administered chronically to developing animals, can inhibit body growth probably
      by altering the secretion of GH through modifications of its neuroendocrine
      control.

PMID- 1222373
TI  - Experimental cystinuria: the cycloleucine model. I. Amino acid interactions in
      renal and intestinal epithelia.
AB  - The injection of cycloleucine (1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) into
      rats produces a hyperexcretion of dibasic amino acids and cystine, an aberration
      resembling cystinuria. This may constitute a model of experimental cystinuria,
      and the transport of amino acids involved in this disease was studied with the
      techniques of everted intestinal sacs (in vitro) and microinjections into renal
      tubules (in vivo). In verted sacs from normal rats, there was a decrease in
      transfer and in accumulation of L-cystine (0.03 mM) and L-valine (0.065 mM) when
      ACPC was on the mucosal (luminal) side. Dibasic amino acids such as L-arginine
      and L-lysine caused a similar inhibition of the transport of L-cystine. However,
      when ACPC was on the serosal (antiluminal) side, a lesser effect was noted while
      arginine and lysine had no effect. Intestinal sacs from treated rats (ACPC, 300
      mg/kg X 3 days) transferred and accumulated as much L-cystine as those from
      control rats. The interaction between cycloleucine and L-cystine was competitive
      at the luminal and non-competitive at the antiluminal side of the intestine.
      Cycloleucine inhibited L-lysine transport in a non-competitive fashion at either
      side of the intestine. L-Lysine also interacted in a non-competitive fashion with
      L-cystine transport at the luminal membrane. In proximal convoluted tubules, the
      presence of L-arginine or ACPC caused a decrease in the transport of L-cystine
      and L-lysine. L-Valine exerted no effect. Furthermore, L-lysine and ACPC did not
      impair the reabsorption of L-valine significantly. These results suggest a
      functional heterogeneity between luminal and antiluminal membranes of renal and
      intestinal epitehlia and the existence, at both membranes, of different transport
      sites for cystine and dibasic amino acids.

PMID- 1222374
TI  - Effects of cortisol on serially propogated fibroblast cell cultures derived from
      the rabbit retal lung and skin.
AB  - Cortisol affects the growth of serially propogated, fibroblast cell cultures
      derived from the rabbit fetal lung in a manner which is dependent upon the
      gestational age of the material used: early in gestation (20 days), the hormone
      (10(-7)-10(-5) M) stimulates [6-3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA, while in
      late gestation (28 days), cortisol (10(-7) and 10(-6) M) inhibits this process.
      Cultures derived from the rabbit fetal skin are inhibited by cortisol (10(-5) M)
      at both gestational ages. Fibroblasts derived from lung, but not from skin,
      efficiently convert cortisone to cortisol and this activity increases with
      advancing gestation. Cortisol does not affect the incorporation of [3H]choline
      into lecithin by confluent cultures of any of the fibroblast types studied.

PMID- 1222375
TI  - Relative influence of carotid baroreceptors and muscle receptors in the control
      of renal and hindlimb circulations.
AB  - In vagotomized dogs, a comparison was made of the relative ability of the carotid
      baroreceptors and of the receptors in skeletal muscles to cause constriction of
      the renal and hindlimb resistance vessels. With kidney and hindlimb perfused at
      constant pressure a decrease in pressure in the carotid sinuses from 250 to 40-45
      mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 133 N/m2) caused the respective blood flows to increase by 19 +/
      6% and 80 +/- 4% (mean +/- SE), and stimulating muscle receptors with capsaicin
      caused a further decrease of 49 +/- 9% and 4 +/- 2%, respectively. With perfusion
      at constant flow, the baroreflex caused an increase of 34 +/- 4 mm Hg in the
      renal perfusion pressure and of 99 +/- 10 mm Hg in the hindlimb; capsaicin caused
      further increases of 203 +/- 17 and 35 +/- 9 mm Hg; respectively. These responses
      were abolished by sympathectomy. Capsaicin injection increased mean renal
      sympathetic nerve activity by 111 +/- 16% over the maximal impulse frequency
      recorded when the carotid sinus pressure was 40-45 mm Hg. Thus, withdrawal of the
      restraint exerted by the carotid baroreceptors on the pool of central neurons
      controlling the vascular beds of the hindlimb and kidney leads to near maximal
      constriction of the resistance vessels in the former bu not the latter; with
      strong activation of muscle receptors, near maximal constriction occurs in both
      beds.

PMID- 1222376
TI  - The effect of atropine upon acetylcholine release from cat superior cervical
      ganglia and rat cortical slices: measurement by a radio-enzymic method.
AB  - Atropine is known to increase the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from cerebral
      cortex, and the present experiments tested the effect of this drug upon ACh
      release in the superior cervical ganglion of the cat. The release of ACh was
      measured by a radio-enzymic method, which was shown to provide an estimate of the
      ACh content of samples collected from perfused ganglia that was similar (102%) to
      that obtained by the method of bioassay more usually used . Atropine (3 X 10(-6)
      M) increased (3.5 to 4-fold) the amount of ACh released by rat's sliced cerebral
      cortex incubated in a high (23 mM) potassium medium. However atropine (3 X 10(-6)
      3 X 10(-5) M) did not change the amount of ACh released by ganglia during
      preganglionic nerve stimulation (5-10 Hz). It is concluded that cholinergic nerve
      terminals in different tissues appear to have different pharmacological
      properties.

PMID- 1222377
TI  - Interaction of amphotericin B and nystatin with phospholipid bilayer
      membranes:effect of cholesterol.
AB  - Sodium-22 efflux was measured in multilamellar liposomes, exposed to one of the
      two polyene antibiotics amphotericin B or nystatin. Polyene mediated 22Na
      transport progressively rises with membrane sterol concentrations up to about 20
      mol %, but falls with higher cholesterol concentrations. The polyene induced 22Na
      movement in cholesterol rich liposomes could be 'restored' by the addition of
      either dibucaine or propranolol (two local anesthetics) to the aqueous solution.
      These observations are interpreted in terms of the model of De Kruijff and Demel
      (Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 339, 57-70, 1974). In this model, nystatin and
      amphotericin B first complex with cholesterol and then these complexes aggregate
      to form transmembrane channels. It is here proposed that the aggregation of these
      complexes is inhibited by a high cholesterol content (decreased membrane
      fluidity) but that the two local anesthetics, by disrupting phospholipid-sterol
      interactions (increased membrane fluidity), can 'restore' this process of
      aggregation.

PMID- 1222378
TI  - Dopamine beta-hydroxylase in rat serum and lymph: changes with age and effect of
      cold exposure.
AB  - The pH optimum for rat serum dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) (3,4
      dihydroxyphenylethylamine, ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta
      hydroxylating)(EC 1.14.17.1) was 4.0 in acetate buffer; other requirements were
      as reported by others. DBH activity in serum of 20-day-old fetuses is slightly
      higher than in that of their mothers. Levels of the enzyme in blood a few hours
      after birth are almost five times greater than in the adult, remain high during
      the suckling period, then drop rapidly during the 4th week after birth to about
      three times the adult level, which is then slowly reached over the next few
      weeks. These fluctuations in serum DBH activity coincide with the period of
      intense development and maturation of the sympathetic nervous system. There was
      not significant effect of cold exposure on blood DBH activity when newborn,
      suckling, weanling or adult warm- and cold-acclimated rats were exposed to cold.
      Similarly, exposure to cold that elicited two- to three-fold increases in O2
      consumption failed to increase DBH activity in thoracic duct lymph. Therefore
      serum and lymph DBH activities are not sensitive indices of sympathetic secretory
      activity in the intact rat.

PMID- 1222379
TI  - Effects of secretin on insulin secretion and glucose tolerance.
AB  - Effects of intravenous (IV) infusion of secretin during IV infusion of glucose
      were examined in normal men. Secretin was administered according to three
      schedules: with each schedule a comparable priming dose was delivered in the
      first minute, but this was followed by a maintained (120 min) infusion of
      secretin at a relatively high rate, or by maintained infusion at one-third that
      rate, or by brief (15 min) infusion at the lower rate. The lower infusion rate
      produced increments in secretin in the blood within the range attainable during
      endogenous secretion. By comparison with effects of glucose alone each secretin
      infusion enhanced the increments of immunoreactive insulin in the blood.
      Enhancement of the early release (0-5 min) of insulin was similar with each type
      of secretin infusion, but the integrated changes in insulin levels through the
      total infusion period were related to the total doses of secretin. With each dose
      of secretin glucose tolerance was improved but the three mean glucose curves
      observed during infusions of secretin were not distinguishable from one another
      in spite of widely different integrated insulin responses. Secretin did not
      modify suppression of immunoreactive glucagon or free fatty acids in the blood
      during hyperglycemia. The results suggest that the effect of continuous
      administration of secretin on glucose tolerance is not simply related to its
      integrated insulinotropic action. It is suggested that the effect may be highly
      dependent on enhancement of insulin secretion early in the response to glycemia,
      or that it may be due to effects of secretin on glucose production or disposal
      which are not mediated by insulin.

PMID- 1222380
TI  - Factors affecting ciliary beat frequency in the intrapulmonary airways of rats.
AB  - The influence of drugs on ciliary beat frequency in the intrapulmonary airways of
      rats was studied in vitro. Sympathomimetic drugs significantly increased the
      ciliary beat frequency. Acetylcholine, pilocarpine, aminophylline, prednisolone,
      potassium iodide, and ammonium chloride also caused cilioexcitation, though to a
      lesser degree. Phentolamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine, and acetylcysteine
      caused an apparent cilioinhibition. However, histamine in high doses also caused
      an incoordination of ciliary beat. Codeine and phenobarbital were slightly
      cilioexcitatory in low concentrations and ciliodepressive at higher
      concentrations.

PMID- 1222381
TI  - Radioimmunoassay studies of intestinal calcium-binding protein in the pig. I.
      Identification of intestinal calcium-binding protein in blood and response to a
      low calcium diet.
AB  - We have developed a radioimmunoassay for porcine intestinal calcium-binding
      protein (CaBP) and have used it to detect CaBP in pig plasma. Plasma CaBP is
      identical to intestinal CaBP on the basis of immunological activity, molecular
      size, and molecular charge properties. The plasma CaBP concentration was greater
      in the portal blood than in mixed venous blood, suggesting that blood CaBP
      originates in the gut. Two of four 15-week-old littermate pigs were placed on a
      low calcium diet (0.15% calcium, 0.65% phosphorus) and two on a control diet
      (0.65% calcium, 0.65% phosphorus). After 2 weeks, the entire small intestine was
      removed and divided into nine 1.8-m segments. CaBP was assayed in both plasma and
      intestinal mucosa. When the two pigs on a low calcium diet were compared with two
      control pigs, there was a general increase in immunoreactive CaBP in both plasma
      and intestinal mucosa. However, there was no increment in immunoreactive CaBP in
      the first 1.8-m segment of small intestine. Seventy-one percent of the increment
      in CaBP occurred distal to the first two segments. The largest fractional low
      calcium diet effect occurred in the ileum. The mean CaBP concentration for the
      total small intestine increased by a factor of 1.9. The plasma CaBP concentration
      increased by a factor of 2.6. In these pigs, plasma CaBP was a more reliable
      indicator of change in CaBP status than was the measurement in the proximal gut
      segment which contained the duodenum. The assay of CaBP in blood is convenient
      and may obviate the sampling errors inherent in intestinal biopsy.

PMID- 1222383
TI  - The influence of phenobarbitone on maternal and perinatal hepatic drug
      metabolizing enzymes in the rat.
AB  - Phenobarbitone (PB) (75 mg/kg) was administered orally for three consecutive days
      to pregnant or lactating rats at different pre- and postnatal stages in order
      that the perinatal animals would receive the agent either by transplacental
      passage or via the milk. Control animals received equivalent volumes of saline.
      The dams, fetuses, and pups were killed 24 h after the last dose. Hepatic p
      nitroanisole O-demetnylase (OD), carboxylesterase (CE), and bromosulfophthalein
      glutathione (BSP-GSH) conjugating enzyme activities in a 12 100 g - 20 min
      supernatant of a 20% w/v homogenate were measured. The morphology of the
      developing rat liver in the absence and presence of PB was examined by electron
      microscopy. The results demonstrated that the transplacental passage of PB to rat
      fetuses at term or 3 days prepartum had no effect on either the hepatic drug
      metabolizing enzyme activities or on the ultrastructural appearance of the liver.
      Increased hepatic OD activity was observed in the pregnant animal but no effect
      was observed in the lactating dam. Phenobarbitone received by the suckling rat
      had two distinct effects. Compared to control activities, twofold increases in
      hepatic OD activity were observed in rat pups as early as 4 days after birth,
      associated with a marked proliferation in hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
      In contrast, PB-related significant increases in neonatal hepatic CE and BSP-GSH
      conjugating enzyme activities were not observed until 21 days of age. In the 4
      day-old treated pups, characteristic morphological changes included numerous
      small membrane whorls in addition to increased smooth endoplasmic reticulum and
      microbodies in the liver.

PMID- 1222382
TI  - Radioimmunoassay studies of intestinal calcium-binding protein in the pig. II.
      The distribution of intestinal CaBP in pig tissues.
AB  - Using a specific radioimmunoassay for porcine intestinal calcium-binding protein
      (CaBP), we have measured the concentration of CaBP in the various tissues and
      organs of normal pigs. Intestinal CaBP was present in highest concentration in
      the upper small intestine, with lower concentrations in the distal small
      intestine. Intestinal CaBP was also found, in lower concentrations, in kidney,
      liver, thyroid, pancreas, and blood. In all other tissues, including parathyroid,
      bone, skeletal muscle, and brain, CaBP immunoreactivity was undetectable or less
      than in blood. The elution profile of calcium-binding activity and
      immunoreactivity from gel filtration analysis of kidney and parathyroid extracts
      suggest that the calcium-binding protein in the parathyroid gland, and the major
      calcium-binding protein(s) in the kidney, are chemically and immunochemically
      different from intestinal CaBP.

PMID- 1222384
TI  - On the mechanisms of coupling in adrenaline-induced bigeminy in sensitized
      hearts.
AB  - The mechanism of coupling in adrenaline-induced ventricular bigeminy in
      sensitized hearts has been investigated in intact animals, isolated preparations,
      and single cardiac fibers. The electrophysiological and cardiovascular dynamic
      changes during the development of fixed interval coupling strongly indicate that
      the coupled beats result from stretch of subsidiary pacemaker fibers in the
      specialized ventricular conduction system, induced by the mechanical response to
      the normally conducted sinus impulse. The resulting intraventricular pressure
      elicits an extrasystole when a certain critical end systolic pressure for a
      particular animal is reached. The interval between the normal and premature
      ventricular beat decreases progressively as the intraventricular pressure rises,
      as a result of the combined action of adrenaline and postextrasystolic
      potentiation. The onset of ventricular bigeminy is preceded by a shift in the
      pacemaker site to the A-V junctional area, due to a differential effect of the
      anesthetic-adrenaline combination on fibers of the S-A node and those in the
      junctional area. The degree of prematurity of the coupled beat shows an inverse
      linear relationship to the intraventricular pressure of the initiating beat at
      the end of systole. The premature QRS complex occurs after a period of mechano
      electrical latency, the duration of which is directly related to this pressure.

PMID- 1222385
TI  - Effect of cocaine and other drugs on sensitivity of the estrogen-dominated
      isthmus of rabbit oviduct to noradrenaline.
AB  - The influence of the adrenergic innervation on the magnitude of responses of the
      isthmus of rabbit oviduct to (-)-noradrenaline was examined. Tissues were
      obtained from estrogen-dominated animals, and isometric contractions of
      longitudinal and circular muscle layers separately recorded. Longitudinal muscle
      was significantly more sensitive to (-)-noradrenaline. Cocaine potentiated
      responses of both corcular and longitudinal muscle to (-)-noradrenaline, circular
      muscle being more potentiated. Similar results were obtained with desipramine.
      Tissues obtained from 6-hydroxydopamine pretreated animals did not respond to
      tyramine, and longitudinal and circular muscles were equisensitive to (-)
      noradrenaline. Cocaine did not potentiate responses to (-)-noradrenaline in such
      tissues. Responses to (-)-noradrenaline were not altered by propranolol,
      hydrocortisone, or oxytetracycline. It was concluded that responses resulted from
      a predominant effect on alpha-receptors. The magnitude of responses to (-)
      noradrenaline was mainly influenced by neuronal uptake of amine. Indirect
      evidence was obtained for a greater degree of adrenergic innervation to the
      circular muscle layer of the isthmus, in keeping with histological studies.

PMID- 1222386
TI  - Studies of glucose production in sheep using (6-3H)glucose and (U-14C)glucose.
AB  - Simultaneous primed-continuous intravenous infusions of [6-3H]glucose and [U
      14C]glucose were performed on 13 fed, 4 fasted, and 4 dexamethasone-treated
      sheep. In 10 of the experiments on fed sheep, glucagon or insulin was infused
      intraportally for 2 h after control values were obtained. The 3H-labeled glucose
      gave glucose production values that were only 4.4 +/- 0.5, 5.4 +/- 1.0, and 5.8
      +/- 0.8% higher than 14C-labeled glucose in the normal fed, fasted, and
      dexamethasone-treated sheep, respectively. Glucagon or insulin infusions did not
      significantly alter this recycling. It is condluced that a recycling of glucose
      carbon through metabolic intermediates is minimal in the sheep as compared with
      other species and also that it is not significantly altered by fasting or by
      hormones that affect glucose production.

PMID- 1222387
TI  - Failure of vasopressin to prevent the natruiretic and diuretic response to
      unilateral stimulation of carotid baroreceptors.
AB  - Unanesthetized rats treated with deoxycorticosterone acetate were continuously
      infused with a maximally effective dose of vasopressin (50 muU/min per 100 g).
      After a control period of 2 h the animals were subjected to a 2 h period of
      unilateral stimulation of the carotid baroreceptors. There was a large
      natriuretic response accompanied by diuresis and a fall in urine osmolality. It
      was concluded that neither the natriuretic nor the diuretic response could be
      explained by inhibition of vasopressin secretion. Analysis of kidney tissue
      indicated that the diuresis was associated with partial dissipation of the inner
      medullary concentration gradient.

PMID- 1222388
TI  - Increase in catecholamine content of the rat adrenals after pretreatment with
      diazepam.
AB  - The effect of subacute pretreatment with diazepam was studied on the
      catecholamine content of the heart and adrenals of the rat. The results show that
      at all doses studied, subacute treatment with diazepam increases the
      catecholamine content of the adrenal glands and there is no change in the
      noradrenaline content of the heart and brain.

PMID- 1222389
TI  - The effect of somatostatin on release and insulinotropic action of gastric
      inhibitory polypeptide.
AB  - Studies were carried out in conscious dogs in which the effect of intravenous
      somatostatin on immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide (IR-GIP) release
      was investigated. In addition, the inhibitory action of somatostatin on the
      insulin response to pure porcine GIP was assessed. Intravenous administration of
      somatostatin resulted in a delayed IR-GIP and immunoreactive insulin (IRI)
      response to oral glucose. Somatostatin also delayed the IR-GIP response to the
      ingestion of fat. In both types of experiments, initial depression of IRI levels
      was followed by a sharp rise in IRI release. Intravenous infusion of somatostatin
      produced 80% inhibition of the IRI response to pure porcine GIP. It was concluded
      that somatostatin inhibits the physiological release of IR-GIP and the
      insulinotropic action of exogenous porcine GIP.

PMID- 1222390
TI  - Poststenotic dilatation: arterial wall mechanics in response to vibration.
AB  - A study of the relationship between the mechanical response of human iliac
      arteries subjected to sinusoidally varying dynamic pressures superimposed on a
      static pressure of 100 mm Hg (1mm Hg = 133 N/m2) and the development of arterial
      dilatation, with particular reference to poststenotic dilatation has been
      conducted. In 13 experiments, optical measurements of the amplitude of vessel
      wall movements in response to dynamic pressures of amplitude 5 mm Hg peak to peak
      indicated the presence of at least one, and at most four resonance peaks for
      frequencies in the mean range 0-100 Hz. Four specimens were vibrated at resonance
      and four at frequencies 15 Hz higher than resonance, in response to a dynamic
      pressure of 5 mm Hg peak to peak for 3 h. All specimens exhibited some
      dilatation, the average percentage increase in diameter being in the range 0.22
      to 0.42% per hour. In four additional experiments, the dynamic pressure was
      doubled at constant frequency. This resulted in an increased amplitude of
      vibration and additional dilatation at an increased rate. It is concluded that
      the dynamic stresses present in the vessel influence the rate of dilatation.

PMID- 1222391
TI  - Letter: Cardiotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893)

PMID- 1222392
TI  - Intraoral topical application of 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) as a "mouthwash" in
      the treatment of residual or relapsing cancer of the lip or buccal mucosa.

PMID- 1222393
TI  - Chemotherapy of transplanted adenocarcinomas of the colon in mice.
AB  - Transplantable adenocarcinomas of the colon in mice have been developed from
      primary tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. Two such transplant lines, MAC
      13 and MAC-15, have been used to assess the possible value of this type of tumor
      in chemotherapy screening. A protocol has been established and 11 standard drugs
      were tested against the two lines. Both tumors show sensitivity which is
      remarkably similar to that of human large bowel cancer, and MAC-13 would have
      correctly predicted the activity in man for ten of the 11 drugs. Quantitatively,
      CCNU, methyl-CCNU, and cyclophamide were the most effective drugs. A comparison
      of the predictive efficiencies of L1210 leukemia, B16 melanoma, and these new
      tumors as screening systems for colorectal cancer is made and discussed.

PMID- 1222394
TI  - Urinary excretion of polyamines by patients with advanced malignancy.
AB  - Levels of putrescrine, spermidine, and spermine in urine were determined by means
      of a sensitive ion-exchange chromatographic method in patients with advanced
      solid tumor malignancies, in patients with diseases other than cancer, and in
      normal control subjects. Elevation above 2 SDS of the normal mean were found in
      varying number of patients in each tumor category. For those malignancies studied
      that involved more than 20 patients, the greatest incidences of increased
      excretion were 66% for spermine in patients with colon carcinoma and 50% for
      putrescine and spermidine in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. The highest
      levels and greatest frequency of elevated polyamine levels were found in patients
      with Burkitt's lymphoma, and changes in clinical tumor status associated with
      treatment appeared to correlate well with polyamine levels in this disease.
      Abnormal amounts of polyamines were also excreted by some patients with diseases
      other than cancer, indicating that increased polyamine excretion is not
      restricted or specific to the neoplastic state. It was also found that the levels
      of polyamines were apparently not affected by the intake of meat or the diet
      eaten, and remained in a rather narrow excretion range for any one individual at
      different time intervals. This study was carried out as part of a program to
      determine and evaluate biologic materials present in body fluids that may be used
      to follow and evaluate response or progression of neoplastic disease in patients
      during treatment regimens. The results suggest that abnormal urinary polyamine
      levels may be characteristic of neoplastic growth for some patients with
      malignant disease. Further studies are necessary to determine if these compounds
      may be helpful in assessing disease status for patients with such solid tumor
      malignancies as colon and bronchogenic carcinoma although their potential as
      useful "biologic markers" appears less promising than originally anticipated.

PMID- 1222395
TI  - Phase I-II evaluation of emetine (NSC-33669) in the treatment of epidermoid
      bronchogenic carcinoma.

PMID- 1222396
TI  - [Clinical and prognostic significance of hemifascicular block in acute myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 1222397
TI  - [Effects of propranolol on the dynamic changes of plasma-renin-activity in
      essential arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1222398
TI  - [Acute myocardial infarct during a course of cranial injury].

PMID- 1222399
TI  - [Vectorcardiographic and clinical aspects of anterior left hemiblock associated
      with complete block of the right branch].

PMID- 1222400
TI  - [Clinico-nosographical classification of coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 1222401
TI  - [Idiopathic ventricular tachycardias].

PMID- 1222402
TI  - [Digitalis treatment in acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1222403
TI  - [Myocardial infarct and access of gout].

PMID- 1222404
TI  - [Myocardial infarct associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and left
      branch block].

PMID- 1222406
TI  - Systemic heparinization during percutaneous coronary angiography: evaluation of
      effectiveness in decreasing thrombotic and embolic catheter complications.
AB  - Systemic heparinization has been advocated as preventive for thrombotic and
      embolic complications of arterial catheterization. To test this hypothesis, 95
      patients undergoing coronary angiography via the percutaneous femoral arterial
      approach were randomized into heparinized and nonheparinized groups. Evaluation
      for thrombotic and embolic complications by clinical means and non-invasive
      electrical impedance flow measurements in the lower limbs was performed
      precatheterization, postcatherization, and at 4 and 24 hr. Clinical data reveal
      loss of distal leg pulses in 11% (5/74) of the nonheparinized group, with two of
      these individuals developing signs of claudication and requiring embolectomy. No
      individuals (0/48) in the heparinized group lost distal leg pulses. Immediate, 4
      hr, and 24-hr post-catheterization bloodflow was 12%, 10%, and 12% lower,
      respectively, in the catheterized limb of those in the nonheparinized group. At
      24 hr 52% of the nonheparinized group had bloodflow levels lower than the
      precatheterization levels in the right (catheterized) extremity, while 2% (2/48)
      of the heparinized group had a similar reduction. One possible complication of
      excess bleeding was noted with heparin. It is concluded that systemic
      heparinization is safe and can be an important adjunct in the reduction of
      thromboembolic complications of percutaneous coronary angiography.

PMID- 1222405
TI  - Comparison of indices of muscle and pump performance in patients with coronary
      artery disease.
AB  - During diagnostic cardiac catheterization of 20 patients, 19 of whom had coronary
      artery disease (CAD), left ventricular (LV) performance was assessed by both
      muscle function indices and pump function indices. Muscle function indices
      included max dP/dt, Vpm, Vce5, and Vmax, the latter derived from both total
      pressure (TP) and developed pressure (DP) using catheter-tip manometry. Pump
      function indices included LV ejection fraction (EF) and percent abnormally
      contracting segment (ACS), determined from biplane LV angiography. Muscle and
      pump function indices were also compared to the presence of the S3 (ventricular
      diastolic) gallop. Correlations existed between EF and Vmax (TP), EF and Vpm,
      percent-ACS and Vmax(TP), and percent-ACS and Vpm, with r values of 0.760, 0.777,
      -0.884, and -0.841, respectively. Vmax(TP) and Vpm also correlated quantitatively
      with the presence of the S3 gallop (p less than 0.0005). Total pressure-derived
      muscle function indices appear to adquately describe mean LV performance in
      patients with CAD and ACS, but these muscle function indices are probably highly
      dependent upon the size of the myocardial scar.

PMID- 1222407
TI  - Inotropic action of tolbutamide on human myocardium.
AB  - The inotropic action of tolbutamide previously demonstrated in vitro was
      evaluated in 15 nondiabetic subjects during diagnostic cardiac catheterization.
      Following bolus injection of 250 mg of tolbutamide intravenously, a rise of serum
      insulin and a slight fall of serum potassium were observed. Inotropic response
      was determined from significant fall in PEP/LVET ratio, significant fall of left
      ventricular end-diastolic pressure, shift to an augmented function curve in work
      pressure relationships, and prominent rise of dP/dt values at comparable heart
      rates. The inotropic effect was greatest at 5-15 min with return to near control
      values at 30 min. An unusually marked inotropic response was observed in one
      subject. While the measurable net hemodynamic effect of tolbutamide in the human
      heart is small, its effect on ischemic and normal areas within the heart of a
      diabetic patient with atherosclerosis may be different. Thus, its ultimate effect
      on the diseased heart may be significant.

PMID- 1222408
TI  - Cardiac catheterization and selective angiography in infants with a new flow
      directed catheter.
AB  - Preliminary experience with a new flow-directed pediatric angiography catheter in
      35 infants indicates that catheterization of all cardiac chambers and both great
      vessels can be accomplished without risk of perforation or major arrhythmia.
      Antegrade access to the aorta from the left ventricle via the foramen ovale
      reduced the need for retrograde arterial catheterization. The maneuverability of
      this balloon-tipped catheter coupled with the ability to perform safely selective
      angiography at any site entered establishes a unique advantage over standard
      cardiac catheters now in use. The success with this catheter in performing right
      and left heart studies and the safety in its use promise to significantly reduce
      the risk of mechanical and angiographic accidents during the intracardiac
      investigation of critically ill infants with congenital heart disease.

PMID- 1222409
TI  - Angiographic estimation of left ventricular volume.

PMID- 1222410
TI  - Angiographic estimation of relative coronary artery flow based on terminal
      branching patterns.
AB  - Angiographically "terminal" coronary arterial branches were counted in 100 normal
      coronary cineangiograms to investigate the possibility that three left
      ventricular wall regions might be defined by identifying patterns of arterial
      inflow. An average of 45% of the terminal branches were counted in the anterior
      region supplied by the anterior descending coronary artery; 25% were counted in
      the lateral region supplied by diagonal and obtuse marginal arterieistal
      circumflex and distal right arteries. Based upon the hypothesis that blood flow
      through an artery is directly proportional to the number of small branches into
      which it ramifies, this approach affords an estimate of the relative contribution
      by individual coronary arteries to total left ventricular perfusion. This concept
      could prove useful in defining a quantitative grading system of coronary arterial
      inflow obstruction.

PMID- 1222411
TI  - Prolapse of the tricuspid leaflets in the systolic murmer-click syndrome.
AB  - Right ventriculography was used to assess the tricuspid valve in 61 patients with
      systolic murmur-click syndrome. Systolic murmurs were present in 47 cases, and 32
      had clicks. Mitral valve prolapse was present in 52 patients. Late systolic
      prolapse of the tricuspid valve was demonstrated in 32 patients (52.4%). In 9
      cases, prolapse involved the tricuspid valve alone. In the systolic murmur-click
      syndrome, prolapse may involve either or both of the atrioventricular valves.

PMID- 1222412
TI  - Optimizing cinefilm.
AB  - A system for improving the quality of cinefilm and for maintaining quality
      control is described. Objective criteria for contrast, resolution, and grain
      structure were established to measure the effects of varying X-ray dose, f-stop,
      development temperature, and selection of film and developer. We found that all
      variables nust be adjusted to maximize the viewing quality and that similar
      denisty curves can be achieved, independently of the choice of film and
      developer.

PMID- 1222413
TI  - A computer system for real time analysis of cardiac catheterization data.

PMID- 1222414
TI  - Quantification of ventricular performance: a computer-based system for the
      analysis of angiographic data.
AB  - A computer-based quantitative angiography system for the acquisition and analysis
      of ventriculographic data has been developed. In addition to the apparatus
      normally required for angiography and left ventricular pressure recording, a
      digitizing tablet, PDP 11/20 mini computer, and TV monitor with a hard-copy
      device is employed. Four modes of operation are currently in use: data
      acquisition, analysis, mini cine, and data tape editor. Data acquisition
      facilitates forming a magnetic tape record of the digitized pressure, timing, and
      event identification, together with anywhere from 4 to 100 digitilized LV
      contours. A number of error checks and feedbacks are incorporated to provide some
      measure of quality control. In the event an error is written onto the magnetic
      tape record, the data tape editor can be used to review the record and correct
      most errors. Analysis of the generated data tape consists of several options
      which include: pump function, muscle function, pressure derived indices of
      contractility and systolic time intervals, and contour pattern recognition which
      is still under development. If the complete analysis option is chosen, a summary
      of the analysis, referred to as the quick-sight list, is also presented. The so
      called mini cine option employs a separate and independent acquisition-analysis
      program. This requires only the end-diastolic (with a segment of wall) and end
      systolic contours (without pressure data) to extract the most essential
      parameters (EDV, EF, CI, HR, and wall mass). As a result of the relative
      straightforward processing and inherent simplicity, the mini cine option is most
      frequently used. This system has done much to reduce the time required for
      analysis of angiographic data, while at the same time maintaining and even
      improving the quality of the results. Other less tangible benefits include: the
      possibility to build a readily accessible library of patient data files
      facilitating a posteriori studies, precise and uniform definition of the rules to
      input and analyze data, and finally providing a useful step towards fully
      automatic ventriculographic processing.

PMID- 1222415
TI  - Major variations in anatomical origin of the coronary arteries: angiographic
      observations in 4,250 patients without associated congenital heart disease.
AB  - In 51 (1.2%) of 4,250 patients studied by selective coronary arteriography, one
      or more major elements of the coronary arterial system originated from the
      sinuses of Valsalva in an ectopic manner. The majority of variations involved the
      left coronary artery. The majority of ectopic ostia were located in the right
      sinus of Valsalva. Failure to recognize variations in coronary arterial origin
      can prolong arteriography procedures and lead to errors in interpretation of
      coronary artery anatomy and pathology. It is concluded from this experience that
      the incidence and location of major variations in coronary arterial origin are
      relatively predictable. The data are useful in expeding coronary arteriography
      procedures and thus improving patient care.

PMID- 1222416
TI  - Thromboembolism associated with pigtail catheters.
AB  - Three incidents of asymptomatic arterial thromboembolism associated with
      polyurethane pigtail catheters occurred during 1,417 cases of left ventricular
      angiocardiography. No similar incident occurred with polyethylene pigtail or
      (dacron) Eppendorf and Gensini (style) catheters. In vitro comparison of
      hydraulic characteristics of polyurethane (Cordis) and polyethylene (Cook)
      pigtail catheters showed higher flow-pressure transmission through the tip of the
      Cordis polyurethane catheter favoring dislodgment of any existing clot. The
      problem of thrombogencity of polyethylene compared with polyurethane remains
      unsettled. Our experience with polyurethane pigtail catheters has resulted in
      limitation of their use in our laboratory.

PMID- 1222417
TI  - A new atrial septostomy technique.
AB  - Balloon atrial septostomy is usually ineffective if the atrial septum is
      thickened. A technique for incising the atrial septum is described. A no. 6
      French catheter was modified to enclose a tiny surgical blade. The distal end of
      the blade was pivoted to the catheter tip, and the proximal end was attached to a
      guide wire in the catheter lumen. Advancing the guide wire protruded the blade
      through a slit in the long axis of the tip of the catheter. Atrial septostomy was
      performed in five newborn lambs in vivo and in adult dog hearts and human hearts
      in vitro by advancing the catheter tip across the atrial septum with the blade
      retracted and withdrawing it to the right atrium with the blade extended. Eight
      to 12 mm lacerations of the atrial septum were produced and could be extended by
      subsequent balloon septostomy. The technique may be useful when balloon
      septostomy has been ineffective.

PMID- 1222418
TI  - Measurement of ejection fraction in man by videodensitometry.
AB  - This report describes a new method based on roentgen videodensitometry for the
      measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction in man. The net forward
      ejection fraction (NFEF) is calculated directly from the formula NFEF=1-exp(
      .693/N), where N is the number of cardiac cycles necessary for half of the
      injected contrast material to be washed out of the left ventricle. The derivation
      of this formula is presented, and the technique is validated by comparison with
      washout curves from a Lucite model of the heart and with simultaneous
      angiographically determined left ventricular ejection fractions in man. The
      videodensitometry technique offers the following advantages over the conventional
      volume technique: (1) only a small amount of contrast material is required; (2)
      ectopic beats are uncommon during the washout phase when measurements are made;
      (3) the ejection fraction measured is an average of several cardiac cycles; and
      (4) dependence upon operator interpretation is minimized. Furthermore, given
      adequate mixing within the chamber, NFEF should be independent of ventricular
      geometry. Thus, NFEF of the unusually shaped left ventricle can be readily
      determined.

PMID- 1222420
TI  - Editorial: The risks of coronary arteriography.

PMID- 1222419
TI  - Percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein for temporary endocardial
      pacing.
AB  - In 148 cases the right internal jugular vein was used as the initial approach for
      percutaneous insertion of temporary endocardial pacemaker electrodes.
      Complications were few and none were serious. The technique of percutaneous
      cannulation of this vein for temporary endocardial pacing is described in detail.

PMID- 1222421
TI  - Exercise stress testing in patients with chest pain and normal coronary
      arteriography: with review of the literature.
AB  - Eighty of 654 patients studied because of chest pain were found to have normal
      coronary arteriography. Fifty of these completed submaximal treadmill exercise
      studies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether treadmill
      electrocardiography could obviate the need for coronary arteriography in the
      evaluation of patients with undiagnosed chest pain. Of patients studied, 22% had
      typical angina pectoris, while 78% had atypical chest pain. The resting
      electrocardiogram was normal in 58% of patients, while 42% showed repolarization
      abnormalities. Submaximal treadmill testing was normal in 64%, incomplete in 12%,
      and demonstrated classic ischemic S-T depression in 24%. Our findings of 24%
      positive studies in patients with normal vessels and 12% incomplete tests suggest
      that stress electrocardiography may be of limited value in predicting the
      morphologic state of the coronary arteries in patients with undiagnosed chest
      pain.

PMID- 1222422
TI  - Radiation exposure to angiographer during coronary arteriography using the U arm
      image amplifier.
AB  - Radiation exposure to the angiographer was measured using thermoluminescent
      dosimeters (TLD), commercial film badges, and appropriate ionization survey
      meters. Data were collected during 47 coronary artery examinations with the lead
      overleaf. During a single coronary examination, the angiographer receives 0.9 mR
      to the lens and 2.8 mR to the hand. The calculated yearly exposure to the
      angiographer performing 10 examinations per week is 450 mR to the lens, 9% of the
      maximum permissible dose (MPD), and 1400 mR to the hand, 2% of the MPD. Exposure
      rates for the left anterior oblique (LAD) and right anterior oblique (RAO)
      projections during cine and fluoroscopy were taken at the position occupied by
      the angiographer. Scatter radiation is 5-10 times greater in the LAO projection.
      The second trial was monitored during 18 coronary artery examinations minus the
      lead overleaf. A significant decrease in radiation exposure was accomplished
      through the use of the lead overleaf.

PMID- 1222423
TI  - Dosimetry of portable image intensifiers in pacemaker insertions.
AB  - With the increased utilization of portable image intensifiers for pacemaker
      insertions, an investigation of the radiation hazards to operative personnel was
      undertaken. The personnel were tested first utilizing a Rando phantom and later
      during actual pacemaker insertions. Studies of medical personnel show the
      critical organs to be the thyroid (approximately 15mR per procedure) and the lens
      of the eye (approximately 13mR per procedure). While the MPD/week was not
      exceeded, the radiation dosage was substantial and could increase under operating
      conditions other than those measured. Recommendations to insure safer operation
      of this equipment are presented.

PMID- 1222424
TI  - Percutaneous transfemoral coronary arteriography without systemic anticoagulation
      -a review of 648 consecutive procedures.
AB  - Experience with 648 consecutive percutaneous transfemoral coronary arteriograms
      and left ventriculograms performed in a teaching laboratory without the use of
      systemic anticoagulation during the procedure was reviewed. Only 1 death was felt
      to be related to a procedure, and this occurred 3 weeks after a myocardial
      infarction. There were 10 myocardial infarctions or emboli, 8 cerebral vascular
      accidents, and 7 femoral artery complications. Only 1 patient experienced a
      residual neurologic change following a procedure-related cerebral vascular
      accident, and this was a mild visual field defect. Clotting of the catheter
      without sequelae but necessitating procedural changes occurred in 10 instances.
      The transient nature of the neurologic deficits and the low mortality suggest
      that the emboli which occurred in these patients were small, possibly platelet
      fibrin accumulations. It is postulated that with the use of careful technic
      larger emboli capable of producing myocardial infarction with shock or disabling
      cerebral vascular accidents can be prevented, even in a training situation.
      However, smaller embolic phenomena probably cannot be completely avoided by the
      use of careful technic, and it is for prevention of small emboli that systemic
      anticoagulation with heparin may be of value.

PMID- 1222425
TI  - Coronary arteriography: prevention of thromboembolic complications using a
      pressure-drip flushing technique.
AB  - All selective coronary arteriographic examinations (1,833) performed in the
      authors' laboratory during a five-year period (1/1/70 to 12/31/74) were analyzed
      for mortality and total morbidity according to method used. During the first two
      years, the control period, the classic brachial artery cutdown (Sones) and
      percutaneous femoral artery puncture (Judkins) techniques were utilized.
      Mortality rate for the total 589 patients was 1.01%. This included a mortality of
      0.26% (1/386) for the brachial arteriotomy method, and 2.5% (5/203) for the
      percutaneous femoral puncture approach. After introduction of the pressure-drip
      flushing technique, the subsequent three-year mortality rate for a total of 1,244
      patients was 0.16%. This included an incidence of 0.17% (1/585) for brachial
      arteriotomy and 0.15% (1/659) for modified percutaneous puncture techniques. The
      morbidity incidence during the initial two-year period was 3.0% (18/589). This
      included an incidence of 2.0% for brachial arteriotomy and 5.0% for percutaneous
      puncture techniques. After institution of the new pressure-drip flushing
      technique the total incidence fell to 1.2% equally divided between arteriotomy
      and percutaneous techniques. Modification of the classic percutaneous femoral
      artery puncture techniques has resulted in major reduction of mortality and
      morbidity complications which are chiefly thromboembolic in nature. It has not
      significantly influenced local thrombotic complications of arteriotomy.

PMID- 1222426
TI  - Evaluation of high viscosity contrast media in canine selective coronary
      arteriography.
AB  - A special high viscosity preparation of water soluble radiopaque contrast media
      was explored in animals for its suitability in selective coronary angiography.
      The high viscosity required power injection to accomplish adequate filling during
      selective coronary arteriography. The anticipated angiographic advantages, such
      as prolonged visualization and coating of the vascular walls, were marginal.
      Comparison with conventional preparations of the same contrast agent suggests
      that the high viscosity itself exerts some protective effect with regard to the
      immediate side effects on the electrocardiogram and mechanical function of the
      myocardium. However, the high viscosity preparation induced electrocardiographic
      signs compatible with myocardial ischemia not usually seen to follow the
      injection of conventional contrast agents. These were followed by mechanical
      heart failure or ventricular fibrillation resulting in death of 6 of the 10
      experimental animals. It was concluded that high viscosity contrast media
      preparations are unsuitable for use in clinical selective coronary arteriography
      as presently practiced.

PMID- 1222427
TI  - Experience with preformed catheters for coronary angiography by the brachial
      approach.
AB  - Experience with a simplified technique for selective coronary angiography by the
      brachial cutdown approach using preformed coronary catheters in over 500 cases is
      described. This technique has facilitated selective catheterization of the
      coronary arteries in patients where use of the Sones catheter has proven
      difficult or impossible. Particularly, coronary arteries in patients with a
      dilated aortic root, high-rising left coronary artery or tortuous subclavian
      artery are easily catheterized with the preformed catheters described in this
      report. Shortened procedure time, an acceptable morbidity (1.4%) and mortality
      (0.2%), and improved coronary opacification by virtue of the ease in selectively
      entering the coronary ostia make these preformed catheters a useful modification
      to coronary angiography by the transbrachial approach.

PMID- 1222428
TI  - Catheter drainage of the pericardial space.

PMID- 1222429
TI  - Pericardiocentesis: insertion of a pericardial catheter.
AB  - Pericardiocentesis is a lifesaving procedure in cardiac tamponade but is
      associated with significant and often life threatening complications. A patient
      is described in whom a catheter was inserted into the pericardium. This provided
      for prolonged pericardial drainage of purulent fluid and has the potential for
      decreasing the risk of this procedure.

PMID- 1222430
TI  - Tricuspid whoop.
AB  - The present report describes a patient with a whooping murmur secondary to
      tricuspid insufficiency. The main features of this tricuspid whoop were as
      follows: variable in time, moving from mid to late systole; unpredictably
      associated with normal respiratory phases; after deep inspiratory apnea was
      almost constantly present.

PMID- 1222431
TI  - Wegener's granulomatosis: angiographic study and case report with prolonged
      survival.
AB  - In the limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis pulmonary arteries were pruned
      and slightly stretched by a cavitating granuloma. Bronchial and renal vasculature
      were normal. The microscopic focal small vessel changes are not appreciable at
      angiography. Therefore, angiography is of no value in establishing the diagnosis
      of Wegener's granulomatosis.

PMID- 1222432
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of coronary perfusion in man.
AB  - The usefulness and limitations of currently available techniques for quantitating
      coronary flow in ischemic heart disease are summarized. There are appreciable
      difficulties in assessing coronary flow solely from an arteriographic evaluation
      of the epicardial arteries. There is a considerable reserve mechanism for
      vasodilation at the arteriolar level, and a proximal occlusive lesion produces a
      reduction in flow only after this distal reserve has been exhausted. In addition,
      small increments in the severity of established lesions sometimes cause profound
      reductions in flow. The development of clinically useful flow measurements has
      been impeded by methodological problems related to nonuniformity of flow within
      the left ventricle in coronary artery disease. Validation of specific techniques
      for abnormal situations is difficult but possible and should probably be a
      prerequisite to the clinical application of any technique. When a
      methodologically appropriate technique is employed, average left ventricular flow
      per unit weight is found to be reduced systematically at rest in patients with
      double- and triple-vessel disease. This reduction is a group difference, however,
      and is not always evident in individual patients. Accordingly, more recent
      measurements have concentrated on the assessment of regional perfusion, and two
      general approaches, selective venous sampling and selective precordial sampling
      are illustrated. While only preliminary measurements of regional flow are
      available, it is clear that these measurements offer a more sensitive tool for
      detecting abnormalities of flow in individual patients and thereby for
      contributing to the management of specific clinical problems. Measurements of
      regional flow need to be performed during stress as well as at rest. For the
      future, there is also need for techniques which can assess transmural variations
      of flow in man and relate measurements of regional flow to regional oxygen
      demand. Because of the complexity of current techniques which are
      methodologically adequate, measurements of coronary flow will, for the immediate
      future, probably remain confined to clinical centers which have a special
      interest in them. The effort in these centers will hopefully include significant
      emphasis on the refinement of existing techniques so that they are more widely
      applicable.

PMID- 1222433
TI  - Origin of the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node arteries in right, mixed,
      and left inferior emphasis systems.
AB  - The origin of the sinoatrial node artery (SAN) and atrioventricular node artery
      (AVN) was determined for 118 patients with normal coronary arteriograms. The
      coronary arteriograms of the 118 patients were divided into right (66.1%), mixed
      (26.3%), and left (7.6%) inferior emphasis systems. The SAN arose from the right
      coronary artery in 53%, the left coronary artery in 35%, and had a dual origin in
      11%. The proximal right coronary artery was the origin of the SAN in 48.7% of
      right, 60.5% of mixed, and 55.6% of left inferior emphasis systems. The left
      coronary artery was the origin of the SAN in 38.5% of right, 25.8% of mixed, and
      44.4% of left inferior emphasis systems. The AVN arose from the right coronary
      artery in 84%, the left coronary artery in 8%, and from both in 8% of the 118
      patients. The right coronary artery was the origin of the AVN in 98.7% of right,
      74.2% of mixed, and 0% of left inferior emphasis systems. The left coronary
      artery was the origin of the AVN in 0% of right, 25.8% of mixed, and 100% of left
      inferior emphasis systems.

PMID- 1222434
TI  - Treadmill exercise testing in the presence of digitals therapy or nonspecific ST
      T changes: correlation with coronary angiography.
AB  - Treadmill exercise test results were studied in 93 patients with chest pain who
      had received digitalis therapy or had nonspecific ST-T changes in the resting
      electrocardiogram. Results of the treadmill test were correlated with the
      findings of coronary angiography. A positive treadmill result was defined as
      horizontal or down-sloping ST segment depression greater than or equal to 1.0 mm.
      Of the 40 patients with no or insignificant coronary artery disease, 15 had taken
      digitalis; 4 of the 15 demonstrated a positive response on the treadmill test. Of
      the 53 patients with coronary artery disease, 21 had taken digitalis; 15 of the
      21 displayed a positive response. Among the remaining 32 not on digitalis, 20 had
      a positive response. The specificity of the treadmill exercise test was 96% in
      patients with coronary artery disease not on digitalis and whose resting
      electrocardiogram showed nonspecific ST changes. The specificity of the treadmill
      test in patients who had received digitalis was 73%. Sensitivity was 63% and 71%,
      respectively. By utilizing more stringent criteria in the interpretation of the
      treadmill exercise test (greater than or equal to 1.5 mm ST depression), among
      the patients on digitalis only 6.7% (1/15) with normal coronary arteries and 48%
      (10/21) with coronary artery disease had a positive response. With the use of the
      latter criterion the test was specific in 93% (14/15) of the patients and is
      usually indicative of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1222435
TI  - Left ventricular pressure responses in post-angiographic angina.
AB  - Alterations in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and in dp/dt observed in
      ten patients with coronary heart disease who developed angina pectoris following
      left ventricular cineangiography were compared with those of six other patients
      who developed angina spontaneously and with patients who underwent left
      ventricular cineangiography without experiencing angina. In the patients with
      post-angiographic angina there was a greater increase in end-diastolic pressure
      than that seen in the other patients, but there was no significant change in
      dp/dt. Changes in left ventricular pressure associated with post-angiographic
      angina would appear to reflect the combined effects of increased preload provided
      by the contrast material and of ventricular dysfunction including diminished
      compliance associated with angina. A rise in end-diastolic pressure greater than
      20 mmHg following left ventricular cineangiography should alert the physician
      that the patient may be having myocardial ischemia.

PMID- 1222436
TI  - The echocardiographic diagnosis of "concealed" tricuspid stenosis.
AB  - A case is presented of a 42-yr old woman with rheumatic heart disease in whom
      cardiac catheterization revealed severe mitral stenosis and a low cardiac output,
      but no gradient across the tricuspid valve. Echocardiography clearly demonstrated
      the presence of tricuspid stenosis and the valve was found to be severely
      stenotic at surgery. This establishes the value of echocardiography in detecting
      tricuspid stenosis and suggests that, in some cases, it may be more sensitive
      than cardiac catherization in detecting this lesion.

PMID- 1222437
TI  - Serial coronary arteriography with 105mm photofluorography: 24-month experience,
      2,200 patients.
AB  - A 105 mm camera has been used for over 24 mo in evaluation of the coronary
      circulation for the most part and occasionally the proximal peripheral arteries
      in 2,200 patients. This photofluorographic technique provides sufficient
      diagnostic image detail with improved operating convenience and reduced radiation
      exposure compared to the large film changer. 105 mm serialography is a good
      adjunct to cine arteriography as a complementary film recording system, and in
      many cases may supplement large film serialography.

PMID- 1222438
TI  - S. C. Paul Oration-1975: Lipoprotein patterns after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1222439
TI  - A study of cross infection in a surgical ward of the General Hospital, Colombo.

PMID- 1222441
TI  - Blunt thoracic trauma.

PMID- 1222440
TI  - Cardiac arrests and deaths associated with anaesthesia at a provincial hospital.

PMID- 1222442
TI  - Clinical applications of echocardiography.

PMID- 1222443
TI  - Treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism by transvenous catheter embolectomy
      and a new filter device.

PMID- 1222444
TI  - [Post-traumatic fatty embolism: biochemical study of the pulmonary and cerebral
      lipids].

PMID- 1222445
TI  - Radionuclide phlebography of the superior vena cava.

PMID- 1222446
TI  - Follow-up studies after interruption of the vena cava.

PMID- 1222447
TI  - [Skin metastases revealing a primary epidermoid bronchial carcinoma. Topographic
      multiplicity of the metastases and relative slowness of their evolution].

PMID- 1222448
TI  - [Amebic origine of a round pleural opacity discovered during a systematic
      examination].

PMID- 1222449
TI  - [Gastric acidity during nutritional neuropathies].

PMID- 1222450
TI  - [Multiple intestinal perforations revealing a polyvisceral tuberculosis].

PMID- 1222451
TI  - [The pancreatic veins].

PMID- 1222452
TI  - [Allergic reactions and lymphoblastic transformations caused by various purified
      tuberculins and sensitines (PPD). (Comparative study)].

PMID- 1222453
TI  - [A polygnathous monster of epignathous type].

PMID- 1222454
TI  - [The systematic thick smear in newborn infants with fever and born by mothers
      with fever (1971 and 1974)].

PMID- 1222455
TI  - [Progressive myoclonic epilepsy in Senegal (2 new anatomo-clinical studies)].

PMID- 1222456
TI  - [Use of a beta blocker--the LB 46--in the treatment of certain arrhythmias].

PMID- 1222457
TI  - [Simultaneous appearance of a halo nevus and leukodermia in disseminated spots in
      a young African woman].

PMID- 1222458
TI  - [A case of epithelioma dyskeratoticum segregans of the scalp].

PMID- 1222459
TI  - [Congenital hernias of the diaphragmatic coupola in newborn infants and
      children].

PMID- 1222461
TI  - [The electrocardiogram of elderly Africans and non-Africans at Dakar].

PMID- 1222460
TI  - [Hydatidiform mole with coexistant conception product. (15 years experience)].

PMID- 1222462
TI  - [Flail chest in a child. Cure by the combination of osteosynthesis and continuous
      traction].

PMID- 1222463
TI  - [Accidents of circumcision and excision in the African environment].

PMID- 1222464
TI  - [Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma].

PMID- 1222465
TI  - [Effect of a uniform magnetic field on the leukocytes of patients with liver
      diseases. Study of phagocytosis].

PMID- 1222466
TI  - [Effect of a uniform constant magnetic field on leukocytes. Study of leukocyte
      migration inhibition in healthy subjects and patients with primary liver
      neoplasms].

PMID- 1222467
TI  - [Juvenile geophagia].

PMID- 1222468
TI  - [The utilization of pindolol in the African Black. Apropos of 24 patients with
      hyperthyroidism or arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1222469
TI  - [The syndrome of testicular feminization. Diagnostic problems and therapeutic
      aspects (apropos of 2 cases)].

PMID- 1222470
TI  - [Analgesic effect of a polyvitamin B complex in African pathology].

PMID- 1222471
TI  - [The treatment of fractures of the humeral diaphysis by means of suspended
      plaster casts].

PMID- 1222472
TI  - [6 cases of priapism treated by puncture and lavage of the corpora cavernosa].

PMID- 1222473
TI  - [Why publish].

PMID- 1222474
TI  - [The Senegal public health code. Methodology of research and development].

PMID- 1222475
TI  - [Convergent strabismus and malignant myopia. Anatomo-clinical correlations and
      discussions of the etiology of a case].

PMID- 1222476
TI  - [3 cases of hemorrhage of the vitrous body during massive meningeal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1222477
TI  - [Intraocular foreign bodies and the brilliance amplifier].

PMID- 1222478
TI  - [The eye and space].

PMID- 1222479
TI  - [Comparative study of the results on the Wirt, stereoscope and T.N.O].

PMID- 1222480
TI  - [Variations of the lacrymal secretion during long range flight) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1222481
TI  - [Comparative study of the restoration of visual acuity after glare in members of
      the flight personnel].

PMID- 1222483
TI  - [Disappearance of certain A and V syndromes during Alajouanine's maneuver].

PMID- 1222482
TI  - [Familial retinoblastoma with regression in certain localizations].

PMID- 1222484
TI  - [Spontaneous bilateral palpebral cysts of conjunctival origin].

PMID- 1222485
TI  - [Retinal cryopexy and retinoschisis. Technic, results and indications].

PMID- 1222486
TI  - [Thread suspension in the treatment of ptosis. Variation of Friedenwald's
      method].

PMID- 1222487
TI  - Ethical aspects of epidemiological studies.

PMID- 1222488
TI  - Review: physical fitness and cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1222489
TI  - Follow-up at 11 years of children who had marked speech defects at 7 years.
AB  - The results of a follow-up study at 11 years of 215 children in the National
      Child Development Study who were reported to show marked speech defects at 7
      years are presented. Information regarding social welfare, health and scholastic
      attainments was available for 190 children (88%). Over a third of these had been
      formally 'ascertained' for special educational treatment. Of the 124 children
      remaining in ordinary schools, 56% still had residual speech problems while 44%
      were reported to have acquired satisfactory speech. The health and scholastic
      attainments of these two groups are described and discussed in relation to each
      other and to controls. A note regarding significant items in the original reports
      of 25 'missing' children at 7 years is provided, indicating that the large
      proportion had serious additional handicaps at 7 years. The importance of
      effective identification, full paediatric and educational assessment and the
      provision of appropriate help at or preferably before school entry is stressed.

PMID- 1222490
TI  - The end of mentally handicapped childhood: problems of residential transfer and
      school leaving during adolescence.
AB  - The evolution of two hospital units for mentally handicapped children is
      contrasted with two special boarding schools which each have radically different
      discharge procedures at adolescence. Two communities organized so as to obviate
      the need for adolescent transfer are discussed. Problems at adolescence highlight
      the interdependence of educational and social services for the handicapped. It is
      shown how isolated developments in residential provision may create as many
      problems as they are intended to solve. The difficulty of reconciling expediency
      with educational and humanitarian aims is discussed.

PMID- 1222491
TI  - The incidence of visual handicap in Swedish children.
AB  - A sample of 1271 visually handicapped children has been analysed with regard to
      the degree and cause of visual impairment.

PMID- 1222492
TI  - Incidence of visual defects in Yugoslavia.
AB  - 1645 children of 1-7 years of age and 103 4-year-old children of an unselected
      population were examined. Vision screening was performed as single E optotype.
      Schiascopy and fixation with visuscope were also performed. Results are presented
      in six tables.

PMID- 1222493
TI  - The prevalence of visual handicap in children in England and Wales.
AB  - An analysis of the incidence of blindness in children in England and Wales is
      presented, and the factors influencing registration are discussed.

PMID- 1222494
TI  - Registration and notification.

PMID- 1222495
TI  - Clinical ophthalmic assessment in visually handicapped children.

PMID- 1222496
TI  - The electroretinogram in children with opaque media.

PMID- 1222497
TI  - Low-vision aids.

PMID- 1222498
TI  - The prevention of blindness in childhood.

PMID- 1222499
TI  - Mothers and their disturbed preschool children: an intervention study.
AB  - Children who had attended a unit for disturbed preschool children were followed
      up and compared to a group of children whose families had turned down the offer
      of a place at the unit. Measures of home and school behaviour and of social
      stress factors operating on the family were collected. Although treated and
      control children were comparable on severity of symptoms on referral, treated
      children showed a greater reduction in reported problem behaviour at home than
      did controls by the time of the follow-up interview. Attendance at the unit had a
      limited effect on behavior at school, however. It is suggested that if a
      treatment for preschool children is to have broad goals including increased
      competence at school as well as a reduction in problem behaviour at home, then
      various treatment strategies should be devised to meet these different goals.

PMID- 1222500
TI  - Which three-year-olds attend preschool facilities?
AB  - In an epidemiological survey of a total population of three-year-old children
      living in a London borough, information was obtained on the behaviour,
      development and social characteristics of 828 children. Details were extracted
      from the registers of 27 preschool facilities in the borough (a residential
      nursery, day nurseries, play groups and nursery schools and classes) on all
      children attending over an 18-month period. The patterns of attendance and
      factors influencing attendance of about 3000 children are discussed. The
      comparison of children attending facilities in the original sample of 828 with
      the total sample shows that those children most in need are not over-represented
      in these preschool groups.

PMID- 1222501
TI  - Accidents in the first three years of life.
AB  - This study is concerned with a group of normal children. It reports a correlation
      between the condition of a baby at birth, as recorded by a modified Apgar scale,
      and a future history of accidental injury before age three. Various other
      behavioural characteristics were also associated with having scored relatively
      poorly on the Apgar type scale; in addition, there was some evidence that the
      pregnancies and previous obstetric histories of the mothers of poor birth status
      babies had been different. Possible connections between the behavioural
      characteristics and a liability to accidental injury are discussed, as is the
      part played by the relatively poor status at birth.

PMID- 1222502
TI  - Comparative value of pyruvate determination after glucose loading and
      transketolase determination for the diagnosis of the Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome.
AB  - The determination of transketolase activity and of pyruvic acid after glucose
      loading in 20 patients with the Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome and in 14 other
      patients is described. Glucose loading took place after the first injection of
      thiamine. Normal values for transketolase were found in 10 patients with the
      Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome, for pyruvic acid after glucose loading in three, for
      both of these determinations in only one patient. The normal values found for
      transketolase were probably due in most cases to the administration of thiamine
      before admission. For practical purposes it is suggested that both determinations
      be done in all patients with the clinical diagnosis Wernicke-Korsakow's syndrome.

PMID- 1222503
TI  - Electro-nystagmography for the diagnosis of vestibular dysfunction in the
      Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome.

PMID- 1222504
TI  - Facial thermography in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease and in evaluation
      of carotid endarterectomy.
AB  - Some 60% of strokes are due to extracranial occlusive arterial lesions, most
      frequently at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Since these lesions
      are accessible to endarterectomy, their prestroke diagnosis is very important.
      Facial thermography quickly supplies reliqble information on the circulatory area
      in which these lesions occur, and this information can be atraumatically obtained
      in an out-patient setting. The success rate of facial thermography versus aortic
      arch angiography was 83% and 80%, respectively, in our case material, and this
      rate corresponds with data in the literature. In a series of 23 patients with
      facial thermograms and angiograms obtained before and after endarterectomy,
      facial thermography proved to be a useful diagnostic and prognostic aid in
      neurological out-patient guidance after carotid endarterectomy. By virtue of its
      rapidity and atraumatic character, because it can be carried out by technicians
      and because the findings are suitable for computer data processing, facial
      thermography would seem to be suitable for potential stroke screening of a high
      risk asymptomatic population.

PMID- 1222505
TI  - Megadolichobasilar anomaly, basilar impression and occipito-vertebral
      anastomosis.
AB  - The authors describe a case of a megadolichobasilar anomaly associated with
      basilar impression, bilateral megadolichocarotid arteries and an occipito
      vertebral anastomosis. The concurrence of these anomalies lends support to the
      hypothesis that congenital factors play a part in the origin of the
      megadolichobasilar anomaly.

PMID- 1222506
TI  - A clinical and neuropathological study of a patient with abrachia (congenital
      absence of both arms).
AB  - This paper presents the life history and clinical history of a male patient with
      abrachia (congenital absence of both arms), who died at the age of 67 as a result
      of compression of the thoracic spinal cord caused by gibbus formation.
      Neuropathological examination of the spinal cord revealed unusual changes in the
      cervical and high-thoracic cord segments: accumulations of ependymal cells,
      strikingly few motor anterior horn cells and a chaotic arrangement of cell
      systems, along with complete absence of the cervical intumescence. These findings
      prompted some embryological considerations.

PMID- 1222507
TI  - Urinary excretion of monoamines and their metabolites in patients with
      Parkinson's disease. Response to long-term treatment with levodopa alone or in
      combination with a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor and clinical correlations.
AB  - Urinary excretion of DA, DOPAC, 3-MT, HVA, NMA, MA, VMA and 5-HIAA were studied
      in 33 parkinsonian patients treated with 1.5-7.5 g of levodopa daily for up to
      six months and in 30 patients receiving levodopa (800-1,000 mg) combined with a
      dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, benserazide (200-250 mg). Basal urinary excretions
      were within normal limits except for that of 3-MT which was significantly lower
      in parkinsonian patients as compared to controls. Levodopa induced an increase of
      about 400 fold in urinary DA; DOPAC was increased about 300 fold, 3-MT only about
      70 fold, but HVA about 300 fold. Urinary NMA and MA did not change but VMA was
      increased significantly. On the other hand, urinary 5-HIAA was significantly
      decreased. The amounts of excreted DA and its subsequent metabolities were
      increased with the continuation of treatment, suggesting inductive phenomena in
      enzyme systems. During combined treatment with levodopa and benserazide urinary
      DA was increased, but only to about one tenth the extent seen with levodopa
      alone. The excretion of DOPAC was about one 20th, of 3-MT about one fourth and of
      HVA one 25th that seen during levodopa treatment. No signs of enzyme induction
      were seen. NMA was lowered significantly but MA remained unchanged. VMA was
      increased and significantly more than during therapy with levodopa alone. 5-HIAA
      was again significantly decreased and the decrease was significantly greater than
      that seen with levodopa alone. Some statistically significant correlations were
      seen between the excretions of NMA, MA and VMA and cardiovascular side effects,
      indicating an affection on the NA-ergic system by levodopa treatment. Significant
      correlation between 5-HIAA excretion and clinical improvement of tremor during
      levodopa treatment may suggest that participation of 5-HT in the mechanism of
      tremor.

PMID- 1222508
TI  - The angioarchitecture of the astroblastoma.
AB  - The angioarchitecture of an astroblastoma of the corpus collosum is studied on
      serial carotid angiograms, made during life, and on post mortem angiograms,
      performed by filling of the cerebral arterial system with a colloidal
      bariumsulphate solution and by using the translucidation technique. The results
      of these investigations are compared to the histological aspect of the tumour.
      This study reveals the close relationship between the astroblasts and the
      bloodvessels. The angioarchitectural pattern of this tumour is characterized by
      new formation of capillaries. It is considered as an additional support to
      classify the astroblastoma as a separate type of glioma.

PMID- 1222509
TI  - Occular bobbing: clinical significance.

PMID- 1222510
TI  - Congenital heart disease in infants.

PMID- 1222511
TI  - [Brain edema].

PMID- 1222512
TI  - [Influence of UDPG, glutathione and vitamin B 12 therapy on various liver
      function indices in patients with liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1222513
TI  - [Clinical comparative study of perexiline maleate and prenylamine in the
      treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 1222514
TI  - [Therapy of coma in liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1222515
TI  - [Blood levels of digoxin and digitoxin during hemodialysis].

PMID- 1222516
TI  - [Clinical therapy study plan for symptomatological phenomena of low frequency:
      optimal size of the study group].

PMID- 1222517
TI  - [Polyunsaturated phosphatidyl choline (EPL) in the treatment of cerebral
      arteriosclerosis and arteriosclerosis of the lower extremities].

PMID- 1222519
TI  - [Metamizole in hyperthermia. Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic aspects].

PMID- 1222518
TI  - [Physiopathology, clinical aspects and treatment of diabetic angiopathies].

PMID- 1222520
TI  - [Clinical pharmacology of the "drugs"].

PMID- 1222522
TI  - [Hyperuricemia syndrome and blood coagulation disorder: effects of crenotherapy].

PMID- 1222521
TI  - [Action of some alkanol-thio-alkylamines on smooth muscles].

PMID- 1222523
TI  - [Use of an ampicillin with complete absorption in geriatrics. Preliminary note].

PMID- 1222524
TI  - [Gynecological use of a phlebokinetic drug with special reference to its
      combination with oral contraceptives].

PMID- 1222525
TI  - Arsenic poisoning in childhood. An unusual case report with special notes on
      therapy with penicillamine.
AB  - An unusual care of arsenic ingestion involving five children is reported, which
      involved the process of sublimation. As2O3 was inadvertently heated in a charcoal
      barbecue, and the meat cooked thereon was contaminated. It is possible that the
      sublimation may have potentiated the toxicity of the usually mildly toxic,
      relatively unsoluble As2O3. Penicillamine was used in the latter part of the
      therapy in three cases after initial dimercaprol, and the clinical effect of
      penicillamine was particularly dramatic in one case in which dimercaprol
      discontinuation had been accompanied by recurrent symptoms. Remarks on the mode
      of action of penicillamine are made. More work needs to be done to establish the
      possible role of penicillamine in arsenic poisoning.

PMID- 1222527
TI  - Fatality produced by accidental inhalation of drain cleaner fumes.

PMID- 1222526
TI  - Taste as a deterrent in pediatric poisonings.
AB  - Seven hundred and two children were tested to see how much they would ingest of
      two commercially available potassium supplements, one an effervescent tablet and
      the other a powder. The results showed that the children would not ingest either
      formulation in amounts that even equalled a single adult therapeutic dose. The
      children appeared to be deterred by both the effervescent quality of the tablet
      and the unpleasant, metallic after-taste of the powder. An unpleasant taste may
      act as a deterrent to the child, keeping him from ingesting a toxic amount of a
      product, at least, when the product has relatively low toxicity.

PMID- 1222528
TI  - A rapid and precise method for determining theophylline in serum.
AB  - We report a spectrophotometric method for determining theophylline that is useful
      as a routine method for monitoring serum theophylline concentrations. The
      recovery of theophylline from serum is essentially 100% whem compared with
      aqueous standards taken through the entire procedure. Barbiturates, which
      interfere with most ultraviolet spectrometric methods for theophylline, do not
      interfere with this method. The procedure requires less than 45 min for
      completion and is more sensitive than most spectrophotometric methods for
      determining theophylline.

PMID- 1222529
TI  - Narcan--nalline.

PMID- 1222530
TI  - Diabetes mellitus: a common problem in adults.

PMID- 1222531
TI  - The tolbutamide controversy.

PMID- 1222532
TI  - Severe diabetes: current knowledge as a basis for better treatment.

PMID- 1222533
TI  - Experimental prevention of diabetes in prediabetics: studies of Chinese hamsters.

PMID- 1222534
TI  - The surgical management of peripheral vascular disease in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1222535
TI  - The traumatic knee.

PMID- 1222536
TI  - Clinical echocardiography.

PMID- 1222537
TI  - Postoperative fever and the halothane controversy.

PMID- 1222538
TI  - The physiologic classification and treatment of hypertensive disease.

PMID- 1222539
TI  - The treatment of essential hypertension.

PMID- 1222540
TI  - Diagnosis and emergency treatment of hypertensive crisis.

PMID- 1222541
TI  - Peripheral plasma renin levels in hypertension.

PMID- 1222542
TI  - Current concepts of curable hypertension.

PMID- 1222543
TI  - Antihypertensive therapy: lessons learned from the national high blood pressure
      education program.

PMID- 1222544
TI  - Management of major complications of hypertensive crisis.

PMID- 1222545
TI  - Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis: recent advances.

PMID- 1222546
TI  - Psychosis as a medical emergency.

PMID- 1222547
TI  - Radiation therapy of keloids.

PMID- 1222548
TI  - Granulomatous arteritis.
AB  - Granulomatous, or temporal, arteritis is a disease of older people and should be
      considered when any patient over 55 years old has complaints consistent with a
      multi-system disease and/or visual loss, especially if combined with a history of
      diplopia, amaurosis fugax, loss of vision, or with the findings of ischemic optic
      neuritis or central retinal artery occlusion. Treatment should be instituted
      immediately with high doses of corticosteroids. The sine qua non for the
      diagnosis is a positive temporal artery biopsy when ocular involvement is a
      feature of the disease. Treatment includes administration of systemic and
      retrobulbar steroids. The ESR is used as a guide in determining the level of
      maintenance steroid dosage.

PMID- 1222549
TI  - Non-invasive imaging in the upper abdomen.

PMID- 1222550
TI  - Echocardiography: its application to coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1222551
TI  - The management of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1222552
TI  - Electrolytes in myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1222553
TI  - Heart failure and acute pulmonary edema.

PMID- 1222555
TI  - Control of the natural progression of the atherosclerotic lesion.

PMID- 1222554
TI  - Prognosis in coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1222556
TI  - Pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1222558
TI  - Editorial: Headache.

PMID- 1222557
TI  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
AB  - The diagnosis of COPD can easily be made on the basis of history, physical
      findings, and simple laboratory procedures. Treatment is aimed at symptoms and is
      individualized to the patient's needs. Therapy must be given on a long-term
      basis. The patient should be educated in the basic nature of his disease and
      encouraged to return to as normal a life as possible. Patients with COPD often
      are severely restricted in their earning ability, and treatment can cause a
      severe financial drain. Thus the physician should carefully consider costs-
      especially the cost of medications. Finally, the correct choice and use of the
      many therapeutic measures available can yield marked symptomatic relief and
      improvement in lifestyle--often allowing the patient to return to productive
      employment.

PMID- 1222559
TI  - Transient ischemic attacks.
AB  - The treatment of TIA must be individualized. TIA is one of several manifestations
      of generalized atherosclerosis. While one-third of patients with TIA will suffer
      a stroke in five years, one-half of the same group will die of myocardial
      infarction. The risk of stroke is greater in carotid rather than vertebral
      basilar TIA, in older patients, and in those with a cluster of TIAS, an is
      highest in the first month after the TIA. Treatment should reflect this
      knowledge.

PMID- 1222560
TI  - Letter: Exercise for coronary patients.

PMID- 1222561
TI  - Plasma renin activity in hypertension.

PMID- 1222562
TI  - Stress and distress.
AB  - I must ask the reader's indulgence for this article's concern with applications
      of the stress concept, which are distinct from, although related to clinical
      medicine. It has not been my object to deal with the way physicians have been
      aided by stress research in the practice of medicine--that information is already
      widely available. Rather, I have attempted to sketch briefly the history of the
      stress theory and to demonstrate how this information can help anyone, physician
      or layman, lead a more complete and satisfying life. The applications of the
      stress theory have been dealt with at length elsewhere. I believe that we can
      find within scientifically verified observations the basis of a code of behavior
      suited to our century. The great laws of nature that regulate the defenses of
      living beings against stress of any kind are essentially the same at all levels
      of life, from individual cells to entire complex human organisms and societies.
      It helps a great deal to understand the fundamental advantages and disadvantages
      of catatoxic and syntoxic attitudes by studying the biologic basis of self
      preservation as reflected in syntoxic and catatoxic chemical mechanisms. When
      applied to everyday problems, this understanding should lead to choices most
      likely to provide us the pleasant eustress (from the Greek eu meaning good, as in
      euphoria) involved in achieving fulfillment and victory, thereby avoiding the
      self-destructive distress of frustration and failure. So the translation of the
      laws governing resistance of cells and organs to a code of behavior comes down to
      three basic precepts: 1. Find your own natural stress level. People differ with
      regard to the amount and kind of work they consider worth doing to meet the
      exigencies of daily life and to assure their future security and happiness. In
      this respect, all of us are influenced by hereditary predispositions and the
      expectations of our society. Only through planned self-analysis can we establish
      what we really want; too many people suffer all their lives because they are too
      conservative to risk a radical change by breaking with hiabits or traditions. 2.
      Altruistic egoism. The selfish (i.e., self-interested) hoarding of the goodwill,
      respect, esteem, support, and love of our neighbors is the most efficient way to
      give vent to our pent-up energy and to create a more enjoyable, beautiful, or
      useful environment.3. Earn thy neighbor's love. This motto--which is merely a
      rewording of the command to "love thy neighbor as thyself"--is compatible with
      man's natural structure, and although it is based on altruistic egoism, it could
      hardly be attacked as unethical. Who would blame the man who wants to assure his
      own homeostasis and happiness only by accumulating the treasure of other poeple's
      benevolence and love? Yet this makes him virtually unassailable, for nobody wants
      to attack and destroy those upon whom he depends.

PMID- 1222563
TI  - Editorial: Local cardiac hypothermia in lieu of coronary perfusion.

PMID- 1222564
TI  - Renal autotransplantation for the treatment of renovascular hypertension in a
      child. A case report.

PMID- 1222565
TI  - Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in acute cardiogenic shock.

PMID- 1222566
TI  - Editorial: Cardiac catheterization in the newborn.

PMID- 1222567
TI  - Coronary surgery and computerized monitoring-patient care (computers and coronary
      surgery).

PMID- 1222568
TI  - Technical considerations in the surgical management of pectus excavatum and
      carinatum.

PMID- 1222569
TI  - Long-range observations with external aortic grafts.

PMID- 1222570
TI  - Echocardiographic diagonosis of right atrial myxoma.

PMID- 1222571
TI  - The effect of continued cigarette smoking on the patency of synthetic vascular
      grafts in Leriche syndrome.

PMID- 1222572
TI  - The beneficial metabolic effects of methylprednisolone sodium succinate in acute
      mycardial ischemia.

PMID- 1222573
TI  - Management of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1222574
TI  - [Gonadotropins in medical use].

PMID- 1222575
TI  - [Multiple pregnancy I. "Z" like zygote. Biology of multiple pregnancy].

PMID- 1222576
TI  - Hand preference and the laterality of cerebral speech.
AB  - A theory of the origins of hand preferences (Annett, 1972) is outlined and its
      implications for the distribution of cerebral speech in handedness groups are
      examined. Five studies of dysphasia in right and left handers with unilateral
      cerebral lesions are compared and found surprisingly consistent. Data from three
      series found alike in all essential respects are combined to give a substantial
      number of cases with which to test the expectations of the theory. The agreement
      is close enough to justify a reconsideration of the model in the light of the
      evidence and also an analysis of possible reasons for the main differences
      between series. In spite of the many uncertainties involved in inferences from
      dysphasia to cerebral speech laterality, it is concluded that the evidence is
      strong enough to offer a useful test of hypotheses as to the distribution of
      cerebral speech in handedness groups. Other questions bearing on handedness and
      cerebral speech are briefly considered in order to show the explanatory range and
      power of the theory.

PMID- 1222577
TI  - Long and short term memory in head injured patients.
AB  - A group of severely head injured patients were compared with 15 controls on
      auditory vocal digit span, and on a free recall memory task, enabling short term
      memory (STM) and long term memory (LTM) to be examined. The free recall curves
      differed for the two groups suggesting that the head injured patients had an
      essentially normal STM, but a poor LTM. This was supported by the finding of a
      significantly lower number of semantic errors (presumably retrieved from LTM) and
      a normal digit span (STM) in the head injury patients. The severity of the injury
      as judged by post-traumatic amnesia or the presence of neurological signs at the
      time of memory testing showed only a weak relationship to the severity of the
      memory deficit. The presence of a skull fracture was of minor importance in
      determining the severity of the LTM defect. Patients tested early after the
      injury were significantly poorer on STM, but not on LTM.

PMID- 1222578
TI  - Verbal and non-verbal short-term memory impairment following hemispheric damage.
AB  - Short-term memory was investigated in 30 control and 125 unilaterally brain
      damaged patients with a series of tests requiring the immediate reproduction of
      strings of items of increasing length. In three tests the items were auditorially
      presented digits or words: one test asked for oral repetition of digits, while
      the other two required the patient to point to written digits or to pictures. The
      fourth test aimed at measuring spatial span. On both the Digits Forward test and
      the two other verbal tests not requiring the use of speech, left brain-damaged
      patients were impaired in comparison to normals, while the right brain-damaged
      patients were not. Aphasics had a significantly shorter verbal span than non
      aphasic patients with left hemisphere damage. Spatial span, on the other hand,
      was significantly affected by a lesion posteriorly located in either hemisphere,
      but not by aphasia. Two patients with an exceedingly poor verbal memory span were
      observed, one suffering from anomic aphasia and the other from conduction
      aphasia. There were also two right hemisphere damaged patients who showed an
      extreme reduction of spatial span, which could not be accounted for by space
      perceptual disorders and contrasted with a normal performance on a spatial long
      term memory test.

PMID- 1222579
TI  - Simple reaction-times to speech and non-speech stimuli.
AB  - Two experiments were carried out involving the measurement of simple reaction
      time when subjects responded to speech and to non-speech stimuli. In the first,
      subjects were required to make a speech response (uttering the vowel [a: ]) to
      one speech stimulus (the vowel [a: ]) and three non-speech stimuli (a complex
      tone, a telephone bell and a click). The click stimulus gave significantly longer
      reaction-times than the other three stimuli; since all stimuli were equated for
      peak intensity delivered to the subjects' ears, this was due to the short
      duration of the click (25 msec). There was no evidence that compatibility between
      the speech stimulus and the speech response had any influence on reaction-time.
      The second experiment employed a 2 X 2 design with 2 stimuli and 2 response
      modes. The stimuli were the vowel [a: ] and the telephone bell; the response
      modes were key-pressing and uttering the vowel [a: ]. The speech stimulus and the
      speech response gave significantly longer reaction-times than the non-speech
      simtulus and response. The minimum time for a reaction requiring speech reception
      is of the order of 180 msec. and the use of the motor speech mechanism adds about
      30 msec. to reaction-time. Again no interaction was found between stimulus and
      response and this is probably due to the extremely simple nature of the speech
      tasks imposed.

PMID- 1222580
TI  - Dyslexic adolescents: evidence of impaired visual and auditory language
      processing associated with normal lateralization and visual responsivity.
AB  - The questions of whether chronically dyslexic adolescent suffer any deficits of
      simple language stimulus processing or are less left hemisphere dominant than
      normal reading controls were addressed. The dyslexics were chosen for clarity of
      their specific reading problem and were older than dyslexics previously studied
      with lateralizing tests. Tasks administered in Experiment I were unilateral and
      bilateral tachistoscopic work recognitions and a tachistoscopic recognition
      report-time task for single lateralized letter stimuli. Experiment II, conducted
      a year later, readministered these tasks with modifications, and added dichotic
      digits and motor reaction time-stimulus detection tasks. It was concluded that
      right handed, chronic dyslexics: (1) possess left hemisphere language
      specialization; (2) show normal interhemispheric processing delays for single
      letter stimuli; (3) are, unlike nondyslexis but equally poor-reading Ss, clearly
      impaired in their efficiency of visual and auditory processing of simple language
      stimuli; (4) possess clear auditory memory deficits for verbal material; and (5)
      may possess an additional deficit of left hemisphere visual association area
      function.

PMID- 1222581
TI  - Implicit processing of grammatical rules in a classical case of agrammatism.
AB  - The speech production of an agrammatic patient is viewed as the output of a
      syntactic filter which allows only nouns, verbs, and adjectives to pass. In this
      paper, we study the behavior of this filter in the processing of grammatically
      ambiguous words. Our results indicate that these words are either uttered or not
      as a function of their syntactic role in the sentence. Thus, the patient's oral
      reading of a sentence is not a concatenation of isolated words, but depends on an
      implicit, context-sensitive analysis. These observations bring to light a new
      aspect of the agrammatic's syntactic competence and may contribute to the study
      of psycholinguistic processes in normals.

PMID- 1222582
TI  - Stuttering repetitions in aphasic and nonaphasic brain damaged adults.
AB  - Stuttering repetitions were analyzed by frequency of occurrence in aphasic and
      nonaphasic brain damaged adults. Aphasics used significantly more stuttering
      repetitions than did nonaphasics. The frequency distribution of stuttering
      repetitions among aphasic subgroups indicated a relationship with sound problems
      in anterior and posterior groups.

PMID- 1222583
TI  - Retrograde amnesia in organic amnesic patients.

PMID- 1222584
TI  - Auditory modality-specific anomia: evidence from a case of pure word deafness.
AB  - In a patient with a classical syndrome of pure word deafness following a
      cerebrovascular accident detailed neuropsychological examination showed an almost
      absolute inability to name meaningful non verbal sounds, in spite of normal
      recognition as demonstrated by ability to match the sound with the corresponding
      natural source. This selective anomia, confined to auditory modality, is
      discussed in view of the previous researches regarding the general field in
      naming disturbances, which showed that for the vaste majority of aphasics, anomia
      was not modality dependent. Besides that the contrasting performance of the
      patient who showed complete lack of phonemic analysis matched with normal
      recognition of some acoustic parameters of speech as prosody and stress is
      discussed.

PMID- 1222585
TI  - Variegated translocation mosaicism in human skin fibroblast cultures.
AB  - The term "variegated translocation mosaicism" is used to describe the repeated
      occurrence, within cultures of human skin fibroblasts, of a multiplicity of
      chromosomal rearrangements. With respect to the frequencies of such
      cytogenetically aberrant clones we found that they (1) were not detectable in
      routine diagnostic skin fibroblast cultures from 29 subjects with a wide variety
      of indications for biopsy; (2) were not detectable during in vitro aging of
      diploid strains with four normal individuals; (3) could be detected after rescue
      from bacterial contamination of a culture from an otherwise normal diploid male;
      (4) occurred with high frequencies in independent cultures from another
      apparently normal subject; (5) occurred with high frequencies in multiple
      biopsies obtained at autopsy from a patient with Werner's syndrome who died of
      sepsis; (6) were of pseudodiploid nature; and (7) involved a different spectrum
      of chromosomes in different individuals. A consistent association with mycoplasma
      contamination could not be made.

PMID- 1222586
TI  - Confirmation of the synteny of the human genes for mannose phosphate isomerase
      and pyruvate kinase and of their assignment to chromosome 15.
AB  - The synteny of human mannose phosphate isomerase and pyruvate kinase and the
      assignment of the genes for these two enzymes to chromosome 15 were confirmed by
      analysis of 43 independently derived human-mouse hybrid clones. Hybrids between
      mouse cells deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and human
      fibroblasts carrying an X/15 chromosome translocation were also included in this
      study.

PMID- 1222588
TI  - Cytogenetic investigations in families with ataxia-telangiectasia.
AB  - Chromosomal studies were performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes and cultured
      skin fibroblasts from five Israeli-Moroccan families with ataxia-telangiectasia.
      A total of 24 individuals, including seven propositi, was investigated. Among the
      probands, significantly elevated rates of chromosome damage were observed in both
      blood and skin. Skin fibroblasts of affected individuals showed several orders of
      magnitude more chromosome breakage than lymphocytes. Increased rates of
      chromosome damage were also observed in the fibroblasts of some phenotypically
      normal family members (obligate heterozygotes and sibs) when compared to normal
      controls. An apparent abnormal clone of cells, possessing a large acrocentric
      marker chromosome (14q+), was observed in varying proportions among cells of all
      the propositi (2-5% of lymphocytes; 1-9% of fibroblasts).

PMID- 1222587
TI  - The interrelationships of chromosome banding patterns in procyonids, viverrids,
      and felids.
AB  - The Giemsa banding patterns of the chromosomes of 4 species of Procyonidae, 13 of
      Viverridae, and 6 of Felidae have been studied. The patterns have all been
      related to the basic felid karyotype. Each procyonid and viverrid has a
      distinctive karyotype, whereas some felids have indistinguishable karyotypes even
      when banded. Extensive interfamilial G-banding conservatism has been
      demonstrated, with many chromosomes being "shared" by all three families. A
      chromosome identification and karyotyping system for the Carnivora has been
      devised to facilitate comparison of data from future studies. Phylogenetic
      implications of the findings have been discussed.

PMID- 1222589
TI  - [The resection-arthrodesis operation on the mediotarsal and subastragalic
      joints].

PMID- 1222590
TI  - [Therapeutic indications in pseudarthrosis of the femur neck].

PMID- 1222591
TI  - [Dislocation of the patella].

PMID- 1222592
TI  - [Parafocal osteotomy in the surgical treatment of delayed consolidation of leg
      fractures (clinico-statistical study)].

PMID- 1222593
TI  - [2 cases of osteoid osteoma of the spinal column].

PMID- 1222594
TI  - [Nanism and onychodysplasia (on a case of Senior's syndrome)].

PMID- 1222595
TI  - [Substitutive surgery of the proximal end of the radius with an endoprosthesis].

PMID- 1222597
TI  - [Considerations on some problems of osseous physiopathology in relation to a
      photoelastic study of the femur].

PMID- 1222596
TI  - [Intra-articular arthrodesis of the hip. Clinico-biomechanical analysis of
      results].

PMID- 1222598
TI  - [A case of tibial localization of echinococcal cysts].

PMID- 1222599
TI  - [Corrective fiberglass corsets in the treatment of scoliosis and kyphosis].

PMID- 1222600
TI  - [Unusual congenital malformation of the upper extremity].

PMID- 1222602
TI  - [Total knee prosthesis. Experience of the Hospital for Special Surgery of New
      York].

PMID- 1222601
TI  - [Treatment of delayed consolidation and pseudarthrosis of the tibia, using the
      Kuntscher nail].

PMID- 1222603
TI  - [Treatment of congenital club-foot during the 1st years of life].

PMID- 1222604
TI  - [Remote results in the treatment of subcutaneous lesions of the Achilles tendor].

PMID- 1222605
TI  - [Multiple deformities of a compressive nature in a full-term newborn infant].

PMID- 1222606
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of fractures of the femoral diaphysis.
      Osteosynthesis by the Kuentscher closed method].

PMID- 1222607
TI  - [Congenital multiple arthrogryposis. Clinical and electromyographic data].

PMID- 1222609
TI  - [Pediatric-orthopedic collaboration in the preventive correction of congenital
      dysplasia of the hip from the time of birth].

PMID- 1222608
TI  - [Volkmann's deformity (Presentation of a case with bilateral agenesis of the
      fibula)].

PMID- 1222610
TI  - [Ewing's tumor (considerations on 20 cases)].

PMID- 1222611
TI  - [Double contrast arthrography of the knee].

PMID- 1222612
TI  - [Intraosseous mucous cyst].

PMID- 1222613
TI  - [Dislocation-fracture of an arthroplastic hip joint and implantation of a 3d
      prosthesis].

PMID- 1222614
TI  - [The foot in rheumatoid disease].

PMID- 1222616
TI  - [Treatment of congenital supinate talipes equinovarus by the Lloyd-Roberts
      operation (technical note)].

PMID- 1222615
TI  - [A case of atypical osteomyelitis with tibial localization].

PMID- 1222617
TI  - [Therapeutic trends in the Twin Cities Scoliosis Center of Minneapolis, U.S.A].

PMID- 1222618
TI  - [Megaesophagus due to achalasia of esophagus].

PMID- 1222620
TI  - [Portalization of the spleen and antibody response to portal antigens].

PMID- 1222619
TI  - [Orthotopic reimplantation of the choledochus and the Wirsung's duct: 2 clinical
      cases].

PMID- 1222621
TI  - [Effects of glucagon on the gastric microcirculation of the rat].

PMID- 1222622
TI  - [Hemodynamic response to the acute treatment with levodopa in cirrhotic
      patients].

PMID- 1222623
TI  - [Methodology of studies in assessment of syndromes of the cauda equina].

PMID- 1222624
TI  - [Instrumental diagnosis of deep venous obstructions of the lower limb. 1. Test of
      maximal respiratory flow].

PMID- 1222625
TI  - [Herniography in the diagnosis of inguinal hernia in childhood].

PMID- 1222626
TI  - [Visualization of lymphatic vessels by means of fluorescent substances
      (fluorescein sodium and rhodamine B)].

PMID- 1222627
TI  - [Secondary placental metastasis from cancer of the breast with survival of the
      infant for 31 months].

PMID- 1222628
TI  - [I. Experimental bases for an new chemo-surgical therapeutic method for duodenal
      ulcer: sclerosis of the gastric mucosa].

PMID- 1222630
TI  - [Isolated total duodeno-pancreatectomy for malignant Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
      Results after 6 years].

PMID- 1222629
TI  - [II. Treatment of duodenal ulcer by chemical sclerosis of the gastric mucosa.
      Preliminary results].

PMID- 1222631
TI  - [Occlusion caused by sigmoido-rectal invagination of a voluminous degenerated
      villous tumor].

PMID- 1222632
TI  - [A rare type of retroperitoneal tumor: xanthogranuloma].

PMID- 1222633
TI  - [Hemomediastinum 10 days after pulmonary embolectomy under extracorporeal
      circulation and 36 hours after the start of treatment with urokinase].

PMID- 1222634
TI  - [Address by Professor Jean Starobinski. History of a medical concept: the
      reaction].

PMID- 1222635
TI  - [Allergic echinococcal hepatitis].

PMID- 1222636
TI  - [Acute generalized peritonitis due to perforation of the sigmoid colon].

PMID- 1222637
TI  - [Cancer of the breast. Complete excision of the lymph nodes of the axilla with
      conservation of pectoral muscles by primary disinsertion of the clavicular heads
      of the pectoralis major].

PMID- 1222639
TI  - [Aneurysm of the splenic artery ruptured into the stomach].

PMID- 1222638
TI  - [Severe infectious complications of massive digestive surgery. Study of 1,400
      operations].

PMID- 1222640
TI  - [Accidental papillary disinsertions, complications of gastro-duodectomy for
      duodenal ulcer. 2 immediate and 2 early secondary repairs].

PMID- 1222641
TI  - [Neoplastic sigmoido-jejuno-colonic fistula].

PMID- 1222642
TI  - [Fracture of the clavicle with avulsion of the coracoid plaque. Apropos of 2
      cases].

PMID- 1222643
TI  - [Hepatic vein involvement during hydatid cyst. Severity, explorations,
      therapeutic effects].

PMID- 1222644
TI  - [Role of biliary microlithiasis in acute pancreatitis. Apropos of a series of 31
      cases].

PMID- 1222645
TI  - [Acute hemodilution in normovolemia. Possibilities of major surgical operations
      without transfusion. Apropos of an esogastrectomy in a Jehovah's Witness].

PMID- 1222646
TI  - [Disarthrodesis of the hip].

PMID- 1222648
TI  - [Ischemic and anoxic necroses of the muscles of the forearm and hand].

PMID- 1222647
TI  - [New total prosthesis of the hip].

PMID- 1222649
TI  - [Surgery of the acetabulum using 2 teams: possibilities of a simultaneous
      approach to both parts of the acetabulum in complex fractures].

PMID- 1222650
TI  - [Presentation of an instrument. Mechenical study of a knee prosthesis].

PMID- 1222651
TI  - [Cystadenoma of the pancreas. Apropos of 2 recent cases: 1 treated by left
      pancreatectomy, the other by duodeno-cephalic pancreatectomy].

PMID- 1222652
TI  - [A case of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas].

PMID- 1222653
TI  - [Duodenal schwannosarcoma with hepatic metastases treated by duodeno-cephalic
      pancreatectomy and right hepatectomy in 1 stage].

PMID- 1222654
TI  - [Lumbar sympathectomy. Indications based on the hyperemia test and pentothal
      test].

PMID- 1222655
TI  - [Aneurysmal development of aorto-iliac medial dystrophies. Apropos of 12 cases].

PMID- 1222657
TI  - [Vascular lesions in dislocations of the elbow].

PMID- 1222656
TI  - [Post-traumatic hepatic ischemia. Etiopathogenic problems posed by the presence
      of the medial arcuate ligament compressing the celiac trunk].

PMID- 1222658
TI  - [Non-atheromatous obliterations of the popliteal artery].

PMID- 1222659
TI  - [External fixation of fractures of the clavicle].

PMID- 1222660
TI  - [Herniography in children. Apropos of 1,208 cases].

PMID- 1222661
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy in surgery].

PMID- 1222663
TI  - [Post-traumatic stiffening of the thumb in adduction].

PMID- 1222662
TI  - [Idiopathic rupture of the sigmoid above a left terminal iliac colostomy].

PMID- 1222665
TI  - [Study of the remote results of 702 total vagotomies for duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1222664
TI  - [Case of spontaneous rupture of the spleen diagnosed by selective arteriography].

PMID- 1222666
TI  - [Abscess of the iliac psoas].

PMID- 1222667
TI  - [Candida septicemia in a general surgery department].

PMID- 1222668
TI  - [Paradoxical embolism associated with severe pulmonary emboli. Apropos of an
      emergency case operated on under extracorporeal circulation].

PMID- 1222669
TI  - [Hospital hygiene. Why, how?].

PMID- 1222670
TI  - [Severe complications of bladder papillomata].

PMID- 1222671
TI  - [Compression of the bifurcation of the inferior vena cava disclosing an aneurysm
      of the common iliac artery].

PMID- 1222672
TI  - [Acute intestinal ischemia complicating aorto-iliac restorations].

PMID- 1222673
TI  - [Surgical operations in patients with hemophilia A].

PMID- 1222674
TI  - [Rupture of the umbilicus in a patient with ascitic cirrhosis. Role of
      prethoracic omentopexy in surgical treatment].

PMID- 1222675
TI  - [Surgical tactics in a fissured aneurysm of the common iliac artery].

PMID- 1222676
TI  - An economic principle for regulating rhythms of plants.
AB  - Supposing that rhythms as biological events must be teleologically regulated, the
      phase relations of the rhythms in the leaf movement of Canavalia ensiformis,
      exposed to periodical light-darkness changes, are investigated. Pergressive
      Fourier analysis is applied because it is especially suitable for such analyses.
      In order to understand the demonstration, a short description of this method is
      given. It is a variant of the Schuster method, developing at the end of the last
      century. It is demonstrated in particular that the three parameters of a sine
      function can be calculated. The key for this calculation is a parallel effect in
      the phase diagram by which it is possible to calculate the period T of a sine
      even if the analysis interval p is not a whole-numbered multiple of the period T.
      Because this parallel effect occurs even if the parameters of a sine have more or
      less great random oscillations, a heuristic principle is defined for revealing
      sine-like rhythms hidden in a curve or data. Its approximation to the analyzed
      curve or data can be calculated by an application of the method of the error
      squares of Gauss or by drawing. By applying this method it is demonstrated that
      the leaf movement of Canavalia ensiformis follows an economic principle if the
      plant is exposed to artificial changes of light and darkness of different
      periods. The rhythm with the weaker amplitude is so regulated by the stronger
      rhythm that extreme values coincide as much as possible. By such movement of the
      leaves the plant applies the smallest amount of mechanical energy, to produce the
      weaker rhythm simultaneously with the stronger.

PMID- 1222677
TI  - The switch mechanism in periodic catatonia and manic-depressive disorder.
AB  - Both in periodic catatonia and in manic-depressive disorders sudden switches
      occur in behavior, in the autonomic nervous system and in the catecholamine
      metabolism during the transition from interval or depression into catatonia or
      mania. Both the manic and the catatonic attacks seem to be superimposed on the
      basic depressive or schizophrenic illnesses. The attacks can be counteracted or
      suppressed by psychotropic drugs such as alpha-methyldopa, disulfiram, reserpine,
      haloperidol or chloropromazine which interfere with the catecholamine metabolism
      or their receptor sites. The involvement of the catecholamines may however be
      secondary to primary defects in the thyroid, the hypothalamus or the limbic
      system. The strict periodicity in periodic catatonia points to an accumulation of
      some active metabolite which may be produced centrally during the interval. At a
      certain level it may trigger the switch-mechanism and then be reduced during the
      catatonic phase. In periodic catatonia both the basic schizophrenic disease as
      well as the periodic manifestations are compensated by thyroxine-thyroid
      treatment.

PMID- 1222678
TI  - Autorhythmometry in manic-depressives.
AB  - Three manic-depressives were studied longitudinally. Several times a day, the
      patients measured and recorded their mood, vigor, oral temperature, finger
      counting, blood pressure, pulse rate, and urine volume. Then the acrophases of
      their circadian rhythms were computed by a least-squares fit. These patients
      displayed rhythm phases that were grossly abnormal. Systematic acrophase changes
      over time supported the hypothesis that manic-depressives have circadian rhythms
      that free-run faster than one cycle per 24 hrs. Lithium appeared to slow these
      rhythms and help the environmental synchronizer force physiological functions to
      coordinate better with the usual 24-h environmental cycles.

PMID- 1222679
TI  - Circannual variation in hyperbilirubinemia of neonates.

PMID- 1222680
TI  - Circadian rhythms of electrolyte and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion in
      hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
AB  - The circadian rhythms of excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium,
      phosphorus and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-ohcs) were determined in five normal
      subjects, in six patients with hyperthyroidism and five with hypothyroidism.
      Constant diets with identical 3-hourly feedings were employed, and urine
      collections were made every 3 hrs during a 3-day study period. The circadian
      patterns of urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and 17-OHCS were similar in
      all three groups with distinct daytime peaks and nighttime nadirs. The total
      quantities of the ions and 17-OHCS excreted were greater in hyperthyroid than in
      hypothyroid patients with the greatest difference noted with the 17-OHCS. The
      rhythms for calcium, magnesium and phosphorus excretion were accentuated in
      hyperthyroid patients but similar to those in normal subjects with early morning
      calcium and magnesium peaks and a phosphorus peak approximately 12 hrs later.
      While a similar although blunted circadian pattern for calcium and perhaps
      magnesium excretion was noted in hypothyroid patients, their phosphorus rhythms
      were distorted and rather flat. These latter results confirm the observation of
      MINTZ et al. and are compatible with their interpretation that thyroid hormone is
      permissibly necessary for the expression of a normal phosphaturic rhythm and that
      the circulating level of thyroid hormone influences the amplitude of the
      phosphaturic rhythm.

PMID- 1222681
TI  - The objective and timing of drug disposition studies, appendix I. Species
      differences in the tissue distribution of metazimid, an imidazolone derivative.
AB  - A marked species difference has been observed in the tissue distribution of
      metazimid in the rat vs the dog after repeated doses. Differences in toxicity
      between these species are consistent with tissue levels but not plasma levels. No
      species differences in patterns of drug metabolism could be found in association
      with the marked difference in tissue cumulation.

PMID- 1222682
TI  - The objective and timing of drug disposition studies, appendix II. Plasma
      concentrations of oxyphenbutazone in dogs given oxyphenbutazone or the calcium or
      sodium salts of its phosphate ester.
AB  - Plasma levels of oxyphenbutazone were measured in beagle dogs following oral
      administration of oxyphenbutazone and salts of oxyphenbutazone phosphate. Dosage
      with sodium and calcium salts of oxyphenbutazone phosphate produced higher
      oxyphenbutazone plasma levels than dosage with oxyphenbutazone itself.
      Oxyphenbutazone phosphate was not detected in plasma following oral dosing with
      salts of oxyphenbutazone phosphate but was found in plasma following
      intramuscular administration of oxyphenbutazone phosphate sodium salt. A
      metabolite, oxyphenbutazone glucuronide, was found in plasma of dogs following
      administration of either oxyphenbutazone or salts of oxyphenbutazone phosphate.

PMID- 1222683
TI  - The objective and timing of drug disposition studies, appendix III.
      Diethylpropion and its metabolites in the blood plasma of the human after
      subcutaneous and oral administration.
AB  - Diethylpropion hydrochloride is an effective anorexiant at the recommended dose
      of 25 mg three times a day. Previous work in volunteers to evaluate the effects
      of much larger doses showed that 400 mg given orally was equipotent with 600 mg
      subcutaneously in terms of subjective and physiologic effects, i.e., the drug was
      more potent orally than subcutaneously. In one volunteer, blood level studies
      after a 600-mg subcutaneous dose showed concentrations of unchanged
      diethylpropion in the plasma about three times as high as those found after the
      equipotent 400 mg oral dose. In nine other volunteers, the plasma concentrations
      of unchanged diethylpropion found after a 75-mg oral dose was less than 1/100 of
      that observed after a 400-mg oral dose. These observations suggest a rapid but
      limited metabolic capacity for conversion of diethylpropion to its metabolites.
      The data indicate that the metabolites, rather than the parent drug, are
      responsible for the pharmacologic responses seen with doses much larger than
      those necessary for inducting anorexia.

PMID- 1222684
TI  - The objective and timing of drug disposition studies, appendix IV. Phenylbutazone
      formulations: in vitro dissolution and in vivo performance.
AB  - Human plasma level studies were conducted on various phenylbutazone formulations.
      The resultant data indicated that the nature of the formulation had a marked
      influence on the rate of phenylbutazone absorption. An in vitro dissolution rate
      apparatus was employed in an attempt to predict potential absorption of
      phenylbutazone from a given formulation. Based upon the in vitro-in vivo
      correlation, a new phenylbutazone tablet product was developed which produced a
      complete and more rapid absorption of the drug.

PMID- 1222685
TI  - Prazosin: a new antihypertensive agent.

PMID- 1222686
TI  - [Cellular control mechanism].

PMID- 1222687
TI  - [Regulation of cell protein levels].

PMID- 1222688
TI  - [Control of cellular energy metabolism].

PMID- 1222689
TI  - [Infection and autoimmune reaction as causative factors of diabetes].

PMID- 1222690
TI  - [Radionuclides in the examination of the skeleton].

PMID- 1222691
TI  - [Nobel laureates in physiology and medicine 1975. Oncogenic viruses and isolation
      of DNA].

PMID- 1222692
TI  - [Impotence, obscure fever, meningitis and panhypopituitarism. A clinical
      pathological conference].

PMID- 1222693
TI  - Some haematological and biochemical characteristics of pastoral tribes in Kenya.

PMID- 1222694
TI  - Iron intake and hookworm species and load in patients with iron-deficiency
      anaemia in northern Nigeria.

PMID- 1222695
TI  - The place of symphysiotomy in the treatment of disproportion in Uganda. A study
      of 30 cases.

PMID- 1222696
TI  - Genital prolapse amongst the Pokot.

PMID- 1222697
TI  - Hydatid disease in Uganda.

PMID- 1222698
TI  - Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis. A report of six cases from the Sudan.

PMID- 1222699
TI  - Carcinoma of cervix in Dar es Salaam.

PMID- 1222700
TI  - [Comparative studies of the glycogen content in the gingiva in patients with
      periodontal disease and in experimental dogs].
AB  - Comparative examinations were carried out on the Glycogen content in the gingiva
      of patients suffering from parodontal disease as well as in dogs with
      experimental model of parodontal disease. The latter was obtained by stimulation
      of the mandibular nerve by means of a silk ligature. Thirty-five biopsies were
      taken from the patients, suffering from parodontal disease and eight - from 4
      experimental dogs. The preparations were treated with periodic acid (PAS
      reaction).

PMID- 1222701
TI  - [Studies of the changes in the content of total serum protein and protein
      fractions of white Wistar laboratory rats in the process of ontogeny].
AB  - The authors examined the changes in the content of the total protein and the
      protein fractions during the process of Ontogeny in the Blood Serum of 10 female
      and 10 male random bred rats of the Wistar strain. The examinations were carried
      out on the fifteenth, thirtieth, sixtieth day of age and when the rats were one
      year old. The authors found that the content of the total protein in the blood
      serum in both sexes was increased with advancement of age alpha2-, beta- and
      gamma-globulin fractions showed a tendency to an increase with advancement of
      age. The fraction albumin + alpha1 globulin was diminished quantitatively with
      advancement of age in both sexes.

PMID- 1222702
TI  - [Reaction to injury and recovery in the arterial wall].
AB  - The author describes the histological and ultrastructural manifestations of the
      reactions of the arterial wall after experimental damage and the phases, through
      which the process of repair passed. After the initial response the standard
      hemostatic and inflammatory reaction in all cases occurred substitution of the
      damaged areas of the arterial wall and regeneration of the involved cellular
      components of the arterial tissue, which caused repair of its integrity. The
      repair reaction was manifested with proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the
      subendothelial area of the damaged artery and with abundant accumulation of the
      connective tissue martrix, which after some period of time caused formation of
      the so called intimal thickening. In cases with many massive intimal thickenings
      there were disturbances in the transparietal diffusion of oxygen and nutritive
      substances, which affected favourably the penetration of serum lipoproteins in
      the arterial wall and facilated for the development of atherosclerosis in the
      zones of the preceding arterial damage.

PMID- 1222703
TI  - [Studies on the differences between the skin of nude mice and bald skin in man].
AB  - The author carried out studies and established that in contrast to the bald skin
      of a man the elastic fibres in the skin of naked mice were completely normal and
      the small arteries and arterioles were with normal structure, because of which
      they could not be considered as a cause of degeneration of hair follicles,
      falling of hairs and of their irreplaceability with hairs grown externaly in
      these animals (fig. 4 a and b, fig. 5 a and b). The processes, occuring in the
      skin of the mice, are determined genetically and their manifestations represent
      changes in features, which, induced by mutation, are inherited.

PMID- 1222704
TI  - [Distribution of methionine-75Se in animals with experimental atherosclerosis
      treated with a protein hydrolysate].
AB  - It is well known that accumulation of methionine in the internal organs is weaker
      in animals with experimental atherosclerosis. On the basis of this concept the
      authors carried out studies on rabbits and guinea pigs with atherosclerosis,
      induced by cholesterol diet and treated with protein hydrolysate-hydropront in a
      dose of 5 ml/kg of body weight daily for rabbits and every two days for guinea
      pigs. Distribution of methionine 75Se was examined in the internal organs. The
      radioisotope in a dose of 5 microcurie was injected two hours before killing of
      the animals. There was a reduced accumulation of methionine 75Se in the internal
      organs of rabbits and guinea pigs with experimental atherosclerosis. The
      disturbances were increased after prolongation of cholesterol feeding. The
      application of protein hydrolysate considerably improved the accumulation of
      methionine in the treated animals compared with the untreated animals with
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1222705
TI  - [Changes in kidney function and the cortisol and ADH levels after peritoneal
      dialysis with 5% glucose in dogs].
AB  - The authors made peritoneal dialisis with 5% of glucose (7 ml/kg of body weight)
      in 11 dogs under the conditions of an acute experiments. They examined cortiosl
      and ADH activity, hematocrite and plasma protein in the samples of blood,
      obtained on the 20th and 50th minute. ADH was titrated biologicaly by a new
      method, proposed by Nacev. The results were compared with the changes in the
      circulatory and renal indices, obtained at the same procedure in the preceding
      investigations. There was an increase in the cortisol and ADH activity, which
      could be explained by the total hypovolemia, induced by peritoneal dialisis. The
      increase of the cortisol level is described as a separate link in a more complex
      mechanism, assuring metabolic homeostasis.

PMID- 1222706
TI  - [Autoradiographic study of liver regeneration after treatment with carbon
      tetrachloride and heterologous antihepatic serum].
AB  - The authors carried out an autoradiographic study on the regeneratory processes
      in liver of 130 rats, which were treated with carbon tetrachloride and
      heterologous antiliver serum at various dilutions. The obtained results showed
      that this serum stimulated the synthesis of DNA in the parenchymal mesenchymal
      cells of liver, damaged diffusely. The effect of stimulation on DNA-synthesis in
      the animals of the experimental group, treated with 0,5 ml of heterolougous
      antiliver serum in dilution of 1:10 with saline, was mostly manifested. According
      to the authors the stimulation of DNA-synthesis was accomplished most probably by
      means of the mechanisms of the so called "immune enhancement".

PMID- 1222707
TI  - [Standardized system for incorporating labelled amino acid in vitro with rat
      spleen fractions].
AB  - The authors describe a standardized system devoid of cells with polyribosomes and
      total cellular juice, obtained from a rat spleen. They discuss the dependence
      between incorporating capability and the temperature of incubation, concentration
      of magnesium ions as well as the significance of single components for the
      optimal capacity of the incorporating system.

PMID- 1222708
TI  - [Terminal bundle-branch block (TBB) in acute and chronic overloading of the right
      heart].
AB  - The authors performed a model loading of the right heart ventricle in 40 dogs in
      17 dogs--acute tension loading by creating a partial ligature (banding) of the
      pulmonary artery; the dogs were examined in respect to the changes hemodynamics
      and ECG for a period of three hours. In the second group of 10 dogs a chronic
      tension loading of the right heart was created by a partial ligation of the
      pulmonary artery (banding); the dogs were followed--up in respect to hemodynamic
      and vectocardiographic changes for a period of one year. In the other group of 10
      dogs a chronic loading of the right heart: was formed by operative route and
      interatrial defect was obtained; the dogs were followed-up in respect to
      hemodynamics and vectrocardiographic changes for a period of one year. The
      authors described the changes in the intraventricular conduction of vectro
      cardiograms, made by the three plane system of Akulincev, and these
      vectrocardiograms were compared with the type and degree of loading as well as
      with the morphologic changes occurred in the heart. The authors indicated the
      nonspecificity of TBB as a sign of volume loading of the right heart ventricle.

PMID- 1222710
TI  - [Gentamicin toxicity to animals of both sexes and different ages].
AB  - Gentamycin acute toxicity in sexually-immature and sexually-mature male and
      female rats was tested comparatively. DL50 for the female sexually-mature rats
      was found to be statistically reliable lower than that for the remaining three
      groups of animals. The greatest differences were observed in the values for the
      maximum non-lethal and minimum lethal doses of this antibiotic. The authors
      suggeste the use of a new index for the evaluation of gentamycin acute toxicity
      called Dose Range Index.

PMID- 1222709
TI  - [Spasmolytic activity of a piperazine derivative under the code number of 4P-79].
AB  - The author examined the pharmacologic spasmolytic action of a pyperasine
      derivative under the code 4P-79. She examined the effect of the compound on four
      types of spasms, induced by acethylcholine, nicotine, histamine and serotonine on
      an isolated rabbit intestine. The mean effective concentrations were determined
      and they were compared with the mean effective concentrations of papaverine and
      benzylharmine, estimated in parallel experiments. It was found that 4P-79 had
      high spasmolytic activity, surpassing several times that of the preparations used
      for comparison. There was a marked antiserotonine effect on the first place. The
      compound was examined also on an intestine "in situ" by the method of Nikolaev
      Comparative experiments with papaverine and deseryl were conducted.

PMID- 1222711
TI  - [Effect of nivaline on some links in the oxidation-reduction and energy processes
      in striated and cardiac muscles].
AB  - The authors examined the effect of nivaline on the oxyreductive and energetic
      processes in the striated and smooth muscles under the conditions of a laboratory
      experiment. After determining the changes occurred in the succinatdehydrogenase,
      glutamat-dehydrogenase, glutamat-oxalacetic and glutamat-pyruvic transaminases,
      adenosinotriphosphate and adenosinemonophosphate, the authors found that nivaline
      enhanced oxyreuctive and energetic processes, connected with accumulation of
      adenosintriphosphate, which abolished quickly the fatique.

PMID- 1222712
TI  - [Our experience with the Soviet "Thromb-2" thromboelastograph].
AB  - The soviet thrombelastograph "Thromb-2" is four-channel, recording the processes
      of coagulation of whole and citrate blood at 37 degrees C. It is used for macro-
      and micro tests as micro tests are performed with peripheral blood as well. The
      recording of the process is achieved immediately by means of a moving diagram
      paper for a two-sided or one-sided record, using writing apparatus with ink. The
      velocity of the diagram paper is such that it assures a great precission of the
      recording. The charaeter of the thrombelastogram itself is determined by an
      electrical signal, proportional to the elasticity of the formed blood coagulum.
      Maintenance of the thrombelastograph with paper and ink is easy, available and
      cheap.

PMID- 1222714
TI  - [K+, H+ and Ca++ concentrations in the perivascular fluid as a factor in the
      regulation of the lumina of the vessels of the pia mater].
AB  - The author separed the vascular vessels of pia mater with a size of 20-150
      microns in cats under penthobarbital narcosis. The perivascular area of the
      vessels was perfused by an artificial fluid with varying concentrations of
      potassium, hydrogen and calcium. The local contraction of the smooth vascular
      musculature was induced by stimulation  with rectangular impulses by means of
      electrodes introduced by micromanipulators in immediate vicinity of a vessel. The
      changes were recorded by means of microphotographic images of the vessels. It was
      established that the contraction of the vessels was observed when there was a
      lack of potassium or at concentration of 100 meq/l. There was no change at 2,5
      3,0 and at 50-60 meq/l of potassium. Vasodilatation was found at 10-20 meq/l.
      Electrical stimulation caused stronger contraction of the vessel, when there was
      a lack of potassium in comparison with the norm (2,7 meq/l). The increase of
      potassium caused a reduction of the dimensions of the effect due to electrical
      stimulation. The vascular dilatation, induced by 10-20 meq/l of potassium was not
      affected by the increase of the calcium concentration (6-9 meq/l) in artificial
      fluid. The vasodilatation, induced by an increase of hydrogen, was abolished by
      raising the concentration of calcium in the artificial fluid. The obtained
      results were discussed.

PMID- 1222713
TI  - [Excretion of dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, vanilmandelic acid and 5
      hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the urine of volunteers treated with adepren].
AB  - The authors examined the excretion of dopamine, noradrenaline, drenaline,
      vanylalmond acid and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in urine of healthy volunteers,
      treated with the original Bulgarian preparation Adepren for a period of ten days.
      There was an increase of the excretion of dopamine and adrenaline, but a tendency
      to a reduction of noradrenaline and vanylalmond acid. There were no changes in
      the excretion of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid. The authors interpreted the obtained
      results most probably of MAO-inhibiting effect of the preparation.

PMID- 1222715
TI  - [Normal urinary excretion of androgenic hormones in rats studied by a thin-layer
      chromatographic method].
AB  - The author determined the parameters of the normal excretion of androgenic
      hormones and their metabolites (10 separate components) in urine of male and
      female rats, using the method of thin-layer chromatography. The results could be
      accepted as norms of the androgenic excretion in white nonbred rats. Eight
      biological important coeffieients of androgens were found in urine of normal
      rats. The author discussed the physiological peculiarities of the androgenic
      excretion in rats. The report indicates the significance of thin-layer
      chromatography in determining the metabolic profile of androgens in urine of a
      rat in view of examining the functional state of the adrenal cortex, gonads and
      liver under various experimental conditions.

PMID- 1222716
TI  - [Acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase in the peripheral blood leukocytes and
      in blast transformation in cell cultures stimulated with phytohemagglutinins
      (PHA)].
AB  - The author examined the enzymic content of lymphocytes and the changes, which
      occurred after stimulation with phytohemaglutinins (PHA). There was a difference
      in the reaction of lymphocytes in healthy persons, in patients with virus
      diseases and in persons with malignant lympholeucosis.

PMID- 1222717
TI  - [Early effect of cortisol on the in vitro binding activity of rat spleen
      polyribosomes].
AB  - The authors examined the influence of cortisol during the first eight hours after
      its intraperitoneal administration in rats on the spleen and its polyribosomes.
      It was found that the weight of the spleen, referred to the body weight,
      diminished statisticaly significantly six hour after hormone application. The
      translirating activity of the polyribosomes of the spleen at the same time and
      this was not due to the presence of an inhibitor or to a deficit of the
      information RNA, but to changes in the ribosomes themselves.

PMID- 1222718
TI  - [Nerve conduction in chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1222719
TI  - [2 unusual laryngeal electromyographic readings].

PMID- 1222720
TI  - [Saccoradiculography with Dimer-X. Electromyographic methodlogy and research of
      its neurotoxicity].

PMID- 1222721
TI  - Release of calcitonin by cultures of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.
AB  - Three biopsies of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid were grown in monolayer
      culture. All three cultures initially released high levels of calcitonin into the
      medium, but the conretion from the culture cells was not stimulated when the
      medium calcium concentration was increased from 1.8 to 3.6 mEq/L. Four peaks of
      calcitonin immunoreactivity were found when the culture medium of one cell line
      was fractionated by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-10. This closely corresponded to
      the heterogeneous molecular profile of calcitonin in the serum of this patient
      and other patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

PMID- 1222722
TI  - The hypothalamo-pancreatic axis: evidence for a neurohormonal pathway in the
      control of the release of insulin and glucagon.
AB  - Segments of freshly dissected rat hypothalamic tissue corresponding to the
      ventrolateral (VLH) and ventromedial (VMH) regions were incubated in Gey and Gey
      medium at 37 C under 95% O2 and 5% CO2 for 30 minutes. Groups of male rats which
      had been fasted for 6 hours received injections (i.v.) of either VMH medium or
      VLH medium while a third group received control medium only. Blood samples were
      taken from the aorta 3 minutes post-injection and circulating levels of insulin
      and glucagon were determined by RIA. The medium from the incubation of the VMH
      tissue significantly elevated glucagon levels and significantly lowered plasma
      concentrations of insulin compared to the levels in animals receiving injections
      of control medium. The hormone levels in animals receiving an injection of medium
      in which VLH tissue had been incubated did not differ significantly from the
      controls. In another type of experiment VMH medium, but not VLH medium, was able
      to overcome the somatostatin-induced inhibition of glucagon release. These
      observations suggest that hypothalamic factors may be involved in the regulation
      of the endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 1222723
TI  - Sex differences in the urinary catecholamines.
AB  - Urinary excretion of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine was measured in a
      group of adult men and women of comparable age during recumbency and then during
      stimulation by upright posture. Urinary norepinephrine was found to be
      significantly higher in women (30.3 +/- 4.4 ng/min/m2 B.S.) than in men (18.3 +/-
      2.7 ng/min/m2 B.S.) during recumbency; there was no significant sex difference in
      dopamine and epinephrine excretion. There was no apparent trend indicating a
      difference in urinary catecholamine excretion during the follicular or luteal
      phase of the menstrual cycle. In response to upright posture, there was a
      significant decrease in the urinary dopamine-norepinephrine ratio in both sexes;
      the magnitude of the decrease was, however, significantly higher in men (-9.9 +/-
      3.0) than in women (-2.05 +/- 0.72). The mechanisms of the sex differences in
      urinary catecholamine excretion are unknown. Clinical studies involving
      catecholamines have to take these sex differences into account.

PMID- 1222724
TI  - Synthetic analogues of residues 1-34 of human parathyroid hormone: influence of
      residue number 1 on biological potency in vitro.
AB  - A biologically active tetratriacontapeptide of human parathyroid hormone, hPTH (1
      34), has been synthesized together with a series of structural analogues
      involving changes at the amino-terminal residue. Acetylation of the terminal
      amino group results in a marked reduction in the biological potency as measured
      in the in vitro rat renal adenylyl cyclase assay. Deletion of the terminal amino
      group results in a loss of biological activity. Substitution of the amino
      terminal serine residue with glycine gives a lowered potency whereas substitution
      with alanine results in a 2-5-fold increase in biological activity in the in
      vitro assay. The results are compared with the findings previously reported for a
      series of amino-terminal analogues of the bovine PTH 1-34 peptide.

PMID- 1222725
TI  - Effect of estradiol on the early incorporation of (3H) thymidine into uterine DNA
      on immature mouse.
AB  - The incorporation of [3H]thymidine into uterine DNA was markedly depressed within
      10 to 30 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of 17beta-estradiol to
      immature mouse. Maximum inhibition occurred about 6 hours after the hormone was
      administered. Uterine DNA content and the amount of [3H]thymidine incorporated
      into the acid-soluble fraction was not affected during the period of hormone
      induced inhibition. Moreover, the in vitro incorporation of [3H]thymidine by
      isolated estradiol-treated mouse uterus was blocked. In contrast to the uterus,
      17beta-estradiol did not influence the incorporation of thymidine into mouse
      liver DNA. Evidence is presented to show that the incorporation of thymidine into
      uterine DNA was blocked initially by 17beta-estradiol.

PMID- 1222726
TI  - [Excretion of estriol-3-sulfate in the urine of pregnant women during the last
      trimester of pregnancy].
AB  - In this publication a method is given for quantitative determination of estriol-3
      sulfate in urine of pregnant women. After separation of estriol-3-sulfate from
      glucuronides by liquid partition using acetone and NaOH the sulfate is hydrolyzed
      to estriol. The estriol is converted to an azodye which is separated by TLC and
      measured by remission analysis which a chromatogramm spectrophotometer. 59 cases
      have been investigated and the excretion pattern is given for estriol-3-sulfate
      in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The average excretion is 100 mug/24 hours in
      the 28th week and 356 mug/24 hours in the 42nd week of pregnancy.

PMID- 1222727
TI  - [Excretion of estriol, estetrol, 16-epi-estriol, 16-keto-estradiol and 16
      hydroxyestrone in the 24-hour urine of pregnant women in the last trimester].
AB  - In this publication a method is given which allows simultaneous estimation of
      estriol, estetrol, 16-epiestriol, 16-ketoestradiol and 16-hydroxyestrone in urine
      of pregnant women. First conjugates are precipitated with ammoniumsulfate and
      hydrolyzed. Then the steroids are extracted and converted to azodyes by reacting
      with the diazonium salt dark blue r. After separation by thin layer
      chromatography the azodyes are measured by remission analysis with a
      chromatogramm spectrophotometer. From the data obtained from 66 cases norm groups
      were set up for the excretion of the steroids in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
      In the last month of pregnancy the average excretion, expressed in % of excreted
      estriol, is as follows: estetrol 5,7%, 16-epiestriol 3,1%, 16-ketoestradiol 7,0%,
      16-hydroxyestrone 5,3%.

PMID- 1222728
TI  - [Specific determination of estriol-16-glucuronide from the urine of pregnant
      women in the last trimester].
AB  - A method for quantitative estimation of estriol-16-glucuronide in urine of
      pregnant women is given. The glucuronide is isolated by precipitation with
      ammoniumsulfate (70% w/v) followed by extraction with ether-ethanol (3:1). The
      estriol-16-glucuronide is converted with dark blue r to an azodye, which is
      separated from colored impurities by passing through a small column of sodium
      sulfate. The absorbance of the eluted dye is measured at 520 nm. 75 cases were
      analyzed and it was found that the estriol-16-glucuronide excretion increases in
      the 3rd trimester of pregnancy from the average value of 9.06 mg/24 hours in the
      28th week to 22.11 mg/24 hours in the 42nd week of pregnancy.

PMID- 1222729
TI  - Studies on extrahypophyseal sites of estrogen action in the induction of
      ovulation in rats.
AB  - To discover possible extrahypophyseal sites of estrogen action in the induction
      of ovulation, the influence of a s.c. injection of estradiol benzoate (EB) on
      cell nuclear sizes in the limbic-medial preoptic continuum of progesterone
      pretreated cyclic rats was evaluated. The ovulatory dose of 5 mug EB caused a
      significant increase of nuclear volumes in the medial preoptic nucleus and the
      anterior and posterior parts of the medial amygdaloid nucleus. Precocious
      ovulation was induced in prepuberal female rats by unilateral implantation of a
      molten EB: cholesterol mixture into the posterior part of the mediocortical
      amygdala (PMCA), but not by implantation into the anterior part of this region
      (AMCA) or the medial preoptic area (MPA). In adult females injected s.c. with 2.0
      mg progesterone on the day post estrus, bilateral implantation of 0.1 or 0.2 mug
      crystalline EB on the following day did not abolish the delaying effect of
      progesterone on the preovulatory LH increase and ovulation, when the implants
      were located in the MPA, lateral septum (LS), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
      (BST), AMCA, PMCA or dorsal hippocampus (DHPC), whereas intrapituitary implants
      were highly effective. However, the bilateral introduction of large tallow
      pellets containing 0.1 mug EB each, into the LS, BST, AMCA or PMCA advanced
      ovulation in rats with progesterone-induced 5-day cycles. Equal pellets did
      neither induced ovulation nor an LH increase after implantation into the MPA or
      the DHPC. The results suggest that the anterior pituitary, mediocortical
      amygdala, BST and LS, but not the MPA or DHPC, are sites of the stimulatory
      feedback of estrogen on gonadotropin secretion in female rats, and that the
      amygdaloid response to estrogen differs between prepuberal and cyclic females.

PMID- 1222730
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of plasma testosterone without chromatography.
AB  - A simple and rapid radioimmunoassay for determination of testosterone in
      peripheral plasma is described. A crude extract of the plasma is assayed directly
      without chromatography using an antiserum raised against testosterone-3
      (carboxymethyl) oxime-bovine serum albumin. Accuracy and precision are
      satisfactory. Specificity is sufficient for the most purposes as has been
      demonstrated by comparison with a radioimmunoassay including chromatography.

PMID- 1222731
TI  - The effect of ligation of cauda epididymidis and vasectomy on testicular function
      in the adult gerbil (Meriones hurrianae).
AB  - 1. The effects of ligation of caput, cauda epididymides and vasectomy were
      studied in adult gerbils. 2. The operations were performed unilaterally, the
      testis and epididymides on the contralateral side serving as controls. 3.
      Ligation of cauda epididymides decrease testicular weight, whereas caput ligation
      did not change the testis weight. Accessory sex glands were reduced in size. 4.
      Ligation caused a drastic degeneration of the spermatogenic cells. There was a
      complete disruption of testicular function. Leydig cell hypertrophy was
      conspicuous. Caput and cauda ligation led to degenerative changes in the
      epididymides. Epididymal epithelium was regressed and the lumen was devoid of
      spermatozoa. 5. Caput and cauda ligation inhibited the synthesis of RNA, protein
      and sialic acid in testis and epididymides and depleted the fructose
      concentration in the seminal vesicle. 6. Vasectomy did not cause any alteration
      in sperm production during the 8 week period on the lighted side. The cytology
      and the biochemistry of the testis and epididymides appeared to be normal.

PMID- 1222732
TI  - Pituitary cytology of radiothyroidectomised teleost Heteropneustes fossilis
      (Bloch.).
AB  - The pituitary of Heteropneustes fossilis is divisible into rostral (RPD) and
      proximal (PPD) pars distalis, and pars intermedia (PI). Neurohypophysis
      extensively ramifies in the PI. The RPD is formed of acidophilic prolactin cells
      and lead hematoxylin (H. Pb) positive ACTH cells. The latter is arranged around
      the neurohypophysial extensions. The PPD is comprised of thyrotrophs (TSH) and
      gonadotrophs which are stainable with PAS, AF, and aniline blue. Acidophilic
      somatotrophs (STH) and chromophobes are scattered throughout the PPD. In the pars
      intermedia PAS positive and H. Pb positive cells are present. The latter is
      believed to secrete MSH whereas the function of the former is yet to be
      confirmed. In the partly and completely thyroidectomised H. fossilis the TSH
      cells exhibited marked hypertrophy. They are located in the middle of the PPD
      flanked by the gonadotrophs on either side. Hypertrophy of the ACTH cells were
      also evident. But the other cell types did not show any marked changes as
      compared to the controls.

PMID- 1222733
TI  - The porphyrin content of harderian glands in rats and the melatonin-melanocyte
      stimulating hormone-system.
AB  - Porphyrin contents of the Harderian glands were compared in groups of rats
      composed according to sex and age, exposed to continuous darkness or 3000 Lux
      illumination, or to changing natural illumination around the clock. All instances
      of melatonin-prevalence (e.g. absence of light, prepuberty) increased, those of
      melanocyte stimulating hormone decrease the porphyrin contents. Intraperitoneal
      injections of these hormones evoked analogous changes, followed by secondary
      inverse responses. Results are interpreted in terms of antagonism, equilibrium
      and circadian imbalance of the above hormones. Damping of the latter by the
      fluorescent light of the Harderian gland is suggested.

PMID- 1222734
TI  - Alcohol inhibition of formalin induced depletion of neurosecretory material in
      the teleost Clarias batrachus (L).
AB  - In the normal C. batrachus a fair amount of stainable neurosecretory material
      (NSM) is always present in all the component parts of the hypothalamo
      neurohypophysial (HN) complex. When formalin was injected intraperitoneally 70 to
      90% of the NSM was depleted from the HN complex. When ethyl alcohol was
      administered immediately after formalin treatment, the depletion of NSM was
      inhibited, and their staining intensity could be compared with those of untreated
      controls.

PMID- 1222735
TI  - [Deiodase activity in rats following an overdose of thyroid hormone].
AB  - The L-DIT and L-T4 deiodinating activity in supernatants from liver or kidney
      homogenates of normal rats or rats loaded with T4, T3 or TSH, was investigated.
      Deiodination of L-DIT occurs in liver supernatants twice as much as in liver,
      referring to mg of protein of g of tissue, while the deiodination of L-T4 seems
      rather equal. The over all rate of deiodination, however, reaches in liver for L
      DIT the threefold, for L-T4 the fivefold value, as compared with kidney. Short
      periods of loading do not alter deiodination of L-DIT in liver or kidney at all;
      but lead to significant elevation of L-T4-deiodination in liver tissue. Higher
      doses or longer periods of loading cause a significant rise of L-DIT-deiodination
      in liver and kidney, while the L-T4-deiodination in liver is significantly
      decreased and in kidney significantly elevated.

PMID- 1222736
TI  - Studies on 5'-nucleotidase activity in blood serum, tissues and liver
      mitochondrial fraction of normal, hypo- and hyperthyroid rats.
AB  - Clinical and experimental studies have previously shown the effect of thyroid
      state on the activity of non-specific phosphohydrolases. This research was
      undertaken to determine the influence of thyroid hormones on the activity of
      specific phosphohydrolase-5'-nucleotidase. The activity of 5'-nucleotidase was
      estimated in blood serum, tissues (liver, kidney, lung, brain) and mitochondrial
      fraction of liver of normal, methylothiouracil-induced hypothyroid and thyroxin
      induced hyperthyroid rats of Wistar strain. The experiments have shown that the
      hypothyroid state induced decrease of the activity of 5'-nucleotidase in all
      studied materials, and on the contrary, the hyperthyroidism induced the increase
      of the enzyme activity. The hypothetical mechanism of the effect of thyroid
      hormones on the processes of feed back regulation of oxydative phosphorylation
      and delivery of substrates and oxygen is presented. The key role of 5'
      nucleotidase in this mechanism is discussed.

PMID- 1222737
TI  - Effect of different doses of ascorbic acid on thyroid activity in rats at
      different levels of dietary protein intake.
AB  - Rats, which can synthesize vitamin C, react similarly to graded doses of ascorbic
      acid as guinea pigs. Low doses of ascorbic acid stimulate and high doses inhibit
      the thyroid activity of rats which are supplied with normal and high percentages
      of protein. The stimulatory effect of low doses of ascorbic acid on hyperactive
      thyroid of high protein fed animals is additive. Ascorbic acid has no significant
      effect on the thyroid of low protein fed animals (deficient diet supplied for 21
      days). In the initial stages of protein deficiency (deficient diet supplied for
      11 days) the effectiveness of vitamin C on thyroid of rats was still significant.
      Deiodinase enzyme activity of peripheral tissues is markedly reduced in animals
      supplied with 2% of protein for 21 days, but this effect is less intense in
      animals supplied with 2% of protein for 11 days.

PMID- 1222738
TI  - Compensatory hypertrophy in radiothyroidectomized dwarf rats.
AB  - The aim of the study was to clarify whether growth hormone and thyroid hormones
      play a role in compensatory organ hypertrophy. Radiothyroidectomized dwarf rats
      with serious disorder of growth hormone production due to the loss of thyroid
      function were used in the experiments. As regards growth hormone production these
      animals may be considered as having been "hypophysectomized". The loss of thyroid
      function and growth hormone deficiency did not affect the degree of compensatory
      hypertrophy of the kidney, the adrenal and the gonad. The observation indicates
      that the hormones under study are not of decisive importance in the mechanism of
      compensatory organ enlargement. Further investigations are needed to clarify
      whether organ enlargement in the hypometabolic rat occurring at the level
      observed in the controls is associated with enhanced function.

PMID- 1222739
TI  - [Significance of cytological studies for the diagnosis of thyroid malignomas].
AB  - The authors employed the needle aspiration biopsy for the morphological diagnosis
      of thyroid malignancies of 2000 goitres. Only 3 false negative diagnoses out of
      120 proved malignant tumours were done. The cytological signs of malignant
      thyroid cells were in the majority of cases so clear that the malignancy could be
      recognized without difficulty. None of the changes typical for malignant cells
      were found in benign euthyroid or hyperthyroid goitres. It was possible not only
      to recognize a malignant thyroid tumour, but also to judge the grade of its
      differentiation and to identify certain histological tumour types (Hurthle cell
      adenoma, papillary carcinoma) according to some special cytological signs. The
      demonstration of the nucleolar apparatus by means of a simple cytochemical
      technic proved to be a very useful indicator for the appreciation of the
      function, growth activity and malignant transformation of thyroid cells.

PMID- 1222740
TI  - Anovulation in adult female rats after neonatal intracerebral implantation of
      oestrogen.
AB  - Four-day-old female rats were bilaterally implanted with paraffin micropellets
      containing 0.5% oestradiol benzoate (OB) into the mediobasal hypothalamus or the
      corticomedial amygdala. Controls received intracerebral paraffin pellets or two
      s.c. OB-paraffin implants. None of the treatments influenced the date of vaginal
      opening and vaginal cyclicity at 50 days of age. Permanent vaginal oestrus
      between 100 and 116 days of age and anovulatory ovaries at autopsy on day 116
      were found in rats that had been implanted with OB into the mediobasal
      hypothalamus, but not in the remaining animals. The findings demonstrate that the
      delayed anovulatory syndrome can be induced in female rats by the neonatal
      intrahypothalamic implantation of a very low dose of OB, and that the
      corticomedial amygdala seems not to be a site of oestrogen action in this
      sterilizing effect.

PMID- 1222741
TI  - Androgen dependent brain differentiation and life span.
AB  - Intact females without neonatal hormone treatment served as control animals. A
      second group of female rats received 1.25 mg testosterone propionate
      subcutaneously on the first day of life causing in these genetic females a male
      type brain differentiation. Male rats orchidectomized on the 75th day of life
      served as male "control" animals, since there was no lack of androgen during the
      neonatal phase of brain organization. A fourth treatment group consisted of males
      which had been orchidectomized on the first day of life representing males with
      female-type differentiated brains. The experimental animals belonging to the
      Sprague-Dawley-derived strain of our laboratory were kept under standard
      conditions for food, illumination and temperature.

PMID- 1222742
TI  - A single-dose study of mexiletine (Ko 1173).
AB  - Serum concentrations of mexiletine after a single dose were determined in 8 adult
      Caucasian males with complex partial seizures who were continuing to receive
      other antiepileptic drugs. Two patients each received a single dose of either
      100, 200, 300, or 400 mg mexiletine. Serum concentrations were determined by two
      gas chromatographic methods. Serum concentrations ranged up to 795 ng/ml. Peak
      concentrations occurred 1 to 3 hr after administration of the drug and were
      significantly different between the 100- and 300-mg, 100- and 400-mg, 200- and
      300-mg, and 200- and 400-mg doses. Differences between the other doses were not
      significant. Serum concentrations declined monoexponentially. Half-life ranged
      from 2.7 to 7.2 hr. Numerous papers have appeared in the European literature on
      the use of mexiletine to treat cardiac arrhythmias. Preliminary studies in the
      United States suggest the use of mexiletine as an adjunct for therapy of
      epilepsy.

PMID- 1222743
TI  - A multiple-dose study of mexiletine (Ko 1173).
AB  - In preparation for a prospective controlled study of mexiletine in the treatment
      of epilepsy, a preliminary study of serum concentrations after multiple doses was
      performed with 8 institutionalized Caucasian adult males with uncontrolled
      seizures and similar weight, medical regimen, and seizure classification. Two
      patients each received daily dosages of 200, 400, 600 or 800 mg mexiletine
      administered in capsules four times a day for 7 days, in addition to their usual
      medication. Serum concentrations of mexiletine were determined by the Kupferberg
      Yonekawa method. After the first day, serum concentrations of mexiletine were
      significantly higher for the 600 and 800-mg dosages than for the 200- and 400-mg
      dosages. The differences in serum concentration between the 200- and 400-mg
      dosages and between the 600- and 800-mg dosages were not significant. Serum
      concentrations for the 200-mg and 400-mg dosages were generally below 400 ng/ml,
      whereas at dosages of 600- and 800-mg, serum concentrations ranged from 400 to
      over 1,100 ng/ml, after the  first day. Optimal dosage for this population
      appeared to be at least 800 mg/day. Half-life ranged from 3.5 to 7.8 hr.

PMID- 1222744
TI  - A method for detecting epileptic seizures.
AB  - A simple instrument for detecting seizures is described. Vibrations of the bed
      due to movements of the patient were converted to electrical oscillations by
      movement of a loudspeaker coil in reversed mode as transducer. To distinguish
      between normal movements and those caused by a seizure, three criteria were used-
      the amplitude of the oscillations, the time interval between them, and the
      duration of a burst of oscillations, each parameter compared with a reference
      value for each patient.

PMID- 1222745
TI  - Effects of unilateral lesion in the midbrain reticular formation on kindled
      amygdaloid convulsion in cats.
AB  - Daily stimulation of the amygdala in cats resulted in progressive development of
      electroclinical seizures culminating in a generalized convulsion (kindling). An
      electrolytic lesion in the midbrain reticular formation, ipsilateral to the
      stimulated amygdala, markedly elevated the generalized seizure-triggering
      threshold and reduced susceptibility to pentylentetrazol challenge. In contrast,
      globus pallidus lesions had no appreciable effect upon the generalized seizure
      triggering threshold and appeared to enhance susceptibility to pentylentetrazol.
      The results support the hypotheses that (1) the midbrain reticular formation
      participates significantly in the kindled amygdaloid seizures and (2) the effects
      of lesions in the midbrain reticular formation do not depend upon the presence of
      forebrain bisection.

PMID- 1222747
TI  - Isolated seizures: an EEG and clinical assessment.
AB  - A study has been made of 39 patients with isolated fits presenting to an EEG
      department. Patients were excluded when there was a doubtful history, alcoholism,
      or drug abuse. The 39 patients were compared with a control group of patients
      with epilepsy matched for age and sex. No basic difference was found between the
      two groups. In particular the EEG examination showed similar changes. In
      conclusion, patients with isolated fits should be assessed in the same way as
      those with established epilepsy, while recognizing that in the majority of
      instances no serious underlying cause will be found.

PMID- 1222746
TI  - Immunogenetics of the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: frequency of HL-A antigens and
      haplotypes in patients and first-degree relatives.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and their families were
      examined for HL-A antigens by the microlymphocytotoxicity test. The antigen HL-A7
      belonging to the HL-A locus showed a significantly increased frequency (p less
      than 0.0005) both in parents and in patients. The same antigen showed a
      significantly altered segregation in patients but a normal one in healthy
      siblings. Another antigen of the second HL-A locus, HL-A12, did not display a
      normal segregation in our patients, in whom it was nearly not represented.

PMID- 1222748
TI  - Diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, and primidone in saliva, plasma, and
      cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - Diphenylhydantoin, primidone, and phenobarbital were determined in saliva and
      plasma of 164 patients by gas-liquid chromatography. The saliva ratio was about
      one-tenth in patients on diphenylhydantoin, 0.32-0.38 on phenobarbital alone and
      with other drugs, 0.97 and 0.96 on primidone alone and with other drugs. The S/P
      ratio of phenobarbital was similar in patients treated with primidone alone or
      with co-medication. For diphenylhydantoin and primidone, the S/P and CSF/plasma
      ratio were similar; for phenobarbital the S/P ratio was lower due to the
      difference in pH of saliva and CSF. Thus the concentration in saliva serves as a
      measure of the nonprotein-bound or free concentration in plasma with the
      advantage that saliva is easy to obtain. Co-medication does not change the S/P
      ratio for the three drugs studied. The high correlation between levels in plasma
      and in saliva allows the plasma levels to be predicted from the concentration in
      saliva.

PMID- 1222749
TI  - Is an application form useful to select patients with epilepsy who may drive?
AB  - Of 1,268 persons who claimed to have epilepsy and were therefore disqualified for
      military service, 55% had a driving license 5 years later. Only 58% had applied
      for a driving license. Of those 14% who had answered truthfully the question
      "have you had fits, epilepsy etc." in the application form, 63% received a
      license. Fewer persons with epilepsy had a driving license after about 5 years
      (55%) than did age-matched controls (73%). The application form is of no use in
      preventing persons with epilepsy from obtaining a driving license. Adequate
      instruction of the patient and of his physician is to be preferred to the use of
      an application form.

PMID- 1222750
TI  - Traffic accidents caused by epilepsy.
AB  - During a 10-year period, 203 traffic accidents were suspected of being caused by
      epilepsy; 155 of them definitely caused by seizures were selected for study. The
      seizures of 75% were psychomotor; in 12% the seizure was the first, and only 4%
      of the rest had reported that they had epilepsy when they applied for a license.
      Traffic accidents due to epilepsy were less serious than the "average accident".
      They involved another vehicle much less often, and they occurred more often
      outside rather than inside built-up areas. Accidents caused by epilepsy were rare
      -1/10,000 in the 10-year period. The characteristic features of the traffic
      accident due to epilepsy may be due to the "random" occurrence of seizures in
      traffic, and to the seizure-suppressing effect of increased vigilance in city
      traffic.

PMID- 1222751
TI  - Paradoxical intoxication--a complication of anticonvulsant administration.
AB  - A new syndrome, paradoxical intoxication, has been defined in which high levels
      of hydantoins, and in one instance carbamazepine,  produced an increase in
      seizures with little or no evidence of intoxication; a decrease in these levels
      produced an improvement in seizure control. This syndrome occurs often but not
      exclusively in those people who are less astute in assessing their neurologic
      status and therefore may experience unexpectedly higher blood levels of their
      anticonvulsants. Instances have been documented with serum levels above 40
      mugm/ml for phenytoin or mephenytoin alone, or above 50 mugm/ml of combined
      hydantoins phenytoin and mephenytoin, and when the level is in the range of 20
      mugm/ml and above for carbamazepine. Possible mechanisms underlying the syndrome
      are reviewed. Appropriate therapy is a reduction of the dose of the drug in
      question.

PMID- 1222752
TI  - Bioavailability of two carbamazepine preparations during chronic administration
      to epileptic patients.
AB  - Two preparations of carbamazepine, as tablets and in syrup, were given for 8
      weeks to 20 patients with epilepsy in a randomized crossover study. Weekly plasma
      levels were 3-21 mg/1 on dosages of 5-24 mg/kg/day. There was no difference in
      absorption or steady-state level between the two preparations. Carbamazepine 10,
      11-oxide was constantly present when the level of carbamazepine was over 5 mg/l,
      and tended to be lower with the syrup.

PMID- 1222753
TI  - Levels of free amino acids in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after administration
      of taurine to epileptic and normal subjects.
AB  - The modifications associated with taurine treatment of the free amino acid
      content of serum and cerebrospinal fluid were investigated in epileptic and
      control subjects. In patients with epilepsy the main findings were, in the serum,
      the correction toward normal of the amino acid levels that were low prior to
      therapy, and in the cerebrospinal fluid, the increase up to above-normal levels
      of glutamic acid, greatly diminished before treatment. Thus taurine, which has an
      anticonvulsant action appears to partially correct the amino acid imbalance in
      epileptics. The monitoring of taurine-induced glutamate changes in the
      cerebrospinal fluid could help to establish the correct therapeutic dose.

PMID- 1222754
TI  - Duration and lateralization of febrile convulsions. Etiological factors.
AB  - The relationships of certain etiological factors (sex, age, family history of
      febrile convulsions or epilepsy, term, birth weight, prenatal or perinatal
      anomalies, temperature, cause of fever) to the duration and localization of the
      first febrile convulsion (FC) were studied in 402 patients. In patients with
      prolonged seizures (over 30 min), the mean age was younger, the proportion of
      girls, common infectious diseases of childhood, and immunization was higher and
      that of respiratory infections lower than in patients with brief convulsions. In
      patients with unilateral seizures, the proportion of positive family histories
      and respiratory infections was lower and that of common infectious diseases of
      childhood and of immunization was higher than in patients with bilateral
      convulsions. The association of each of these etiological factors with the
      duration or lateralization of the first FC was independent of the others.

PMID- 1222755
TI  - Acute strychnine-induced seizures in cats: a Golgi study.

PMID- 1222756
TI  - Identification of hookworm species in Ethiopia.

PMID- 1222757
TI  - Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery: "a rare anomaly".

PMID- 1222758
TI  - Volvulus of the sigmoid colon-advantages in primary resection management in a
      rural area.

PMID- 1222759
TI  - Perception of mental illness by rural high school students & parents.

PMID- 1222760
TI  - Influence of a chronic administration of diethylnitrosamine on the relation
      between specific tissular and division functions in the rat liver.

PMID- 1222761
TI  - Allogeneic tumor enhancement by levamisole, a new immunostimulatory compound:
      studies on cell-mediated immunity and humoral antibody response.

PMID- 1222762
TI  - Characterization of the immunostimulants levamisole and tetramisole.

PMID- 1222763
TI  - Study of growth hormone secretion in lung carcinoma.

PMID- 1222764
TI  - Lethal and sublethal cellular injury in multifraction irradiation.

PMID- 1222765
TI  - Combination chemotherapy with CCNU, vincristine and methotrexate in primary and
      metastatic brain tumors.

PMID- 1222766
TI  - Specifications for the identity and purity of some food colours, flavour
      enhancers, thickening agents and certain other food additives.

PMID- 1222767
TI  - [Prospects for the manufacture of drug agents in the next few years].

PMID- 1222768
TI  - [Status and prospects of the development of research into the preparation and
      analysis of drug agents].

PMID- 1222769
TI  - [Organization of the development and introduction into medical practice of new
      drug agents].

PMID- 1222770
TI  - [II All-Union Congress of Pharmacists].

PMID- 1222771
TI  - [Liquid concentrate of Uva ursi].

PMID- 1222772
TI  - [Study of injection solutions of phenesterin prepared in nonaqueous solutions].

PMID- 1222773
TI  - [Use of Acid Chrome Dark Blue for the extractive and photometric determination of
      dimedrol and papaverine hydrochloride].

PMID- 1222774
TI  - [Differential spectrophotometric determination of salicylic acid derivatives].

PMID- 1222775
TI  - [Standardization of the basic terms and concepts in pharmacy].

PMID- 1222776
TI  - [Development of temporary standards for the expenditure of auxiliary materials in
      pharmacies].

PMID- 1222777
TI  - [Basic trends in the development of the pharmacy system].

PMID- 1222778
TI  - [Extemporaneous hospital prescriptions and their dependence on the bed profile].

PMID- 1222779
TI  - [Method of studying the medicinal plant cover resources based on topographical
      maps].

PMID- 1222780
TI  - [Sterilization of 33% ethyl alcohol].

PMID- 1222781
TI  - [Antigrippin tablet technology].

PMID- 1222782
TI  - [Strophanthin K extraction with organic solvents].

PMID- 1222783
TI  - [Extractive and photometric quantitative determination of promedol].

PMID- 1222784
TI  - [New drug agents in ophthalmology].

PMID- 1222785
TI  - [Activities of the editorial board of the journal "Farmatsiia" in 1971-1974].

PMID- 1222786
TI  - [New preparations: Ethonium, an antibacterial local anesthetic agent (1,2
      ethylene-bis(N-dimethylcarbodecyloxymethyl)-ammonium dichloride)].

PMID- 1222787
TI  - The chemical basis of virus structure, dissociation and reassembly.

PMID- 1222789
TI  - [Non-organic gall bladder disease: treatment with psychotropic drugs (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1222788
TI  - [Cholelithiasis in the aged (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222790
TI  - [Leucocitary peroxidase activity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222791
TI  - [Intravenous cerebral angioscintigraphy in cases of cerebrovascular insults
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222792
TI  - [The stress concept as we see it in 1975 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222794
TI  - [Biology and physiopathology of the instinctive life as a basis of the overall
      medicine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222793
TI  - [Evolution of the diabetic retinotherapy in connection with the type and duration
      of diabetes, patient's age and blood pressure (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222796
TI  - [Ecological crisis. Ethical crisis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222795
TI  - [Galactans and antigalactans (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222797
TI  - [Long-term prognosis of operated chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 1222798
TI  - [The physicians task of to day (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222799
TI  - [Reflections on medicaments and pharmaceutical legislation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222800
TI  - [Bioengineering].

PMID- 1222801
TI  - [New aspects of peripheral nerve surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222803
TI  - [Motor reactions in destruction of the pyramidal tract, lemniscus medialis and
      the pallidum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222802
TI  - [Galactans and antigalactans (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222804
TI  - [Up-to-dateness of Balint's method (author's transl)].

PMID- 1222805
TI  - The food crisis and the World Food Conference.

PMID- 1222806
TI  - Energy and protein requirements. Recommendations by a joint FAO/WHO informal
      gathering of experts.

PMID- 1222807
TI  - The joint FAO/WHO food-contamination monitoring programme: objectives and
      outline.

PMID- 1222808
TI  - Food consumption surveys: a data source for contamination-monitoring programmes.

PMID- 1222809
TI  - Sociology and nutrition.

PMID- 1222810
TI  - Applied nutrition programmes--the past as a guide for the future.

PMID- 1222811
TI  - Food for all.
AB  - Ensuring food for all requires an interdisciplinary approach, an evaluation of
      all sectors of the economy and the formulation of objectives which include proper
      nutrition in overall development plans. It is my contention that the introduction
      of nutrition priorities at this level, complemented with the traditional
      immediate and short-term measures of food aid, nutrition programmes, health
      campaigns and nutrition education will do much to alleviate the world's food
      problems. Priorities must be defined, planning structures strengthened, and
      politicians convinced that objectives can be reached. Otherwise, meagre resources
      will continue to give low priority to agriculture and social reform and we will
      have accomplished little toward our objective of food for all.

PMID- 1222812
TI  - Development of regulations pertaining to novel foods.

PMID- 1222813
TI  - Nigeria: agricultural improvements, nutrient needs and the capacity to produce
      non-food income.

PMID- 1222814
TI  - Defining a food and nutrition policy.

PMID- 1222815
TI  - [The role of prostaglandins in the skin].

PMID- 1222816
TI  - [Possibilities in the serological differentiation of Trichophyton rubrum
      species].

PMID- 1222817
TI  - [Clinical picture and classification of balanitis candidomycetica and candidiasis
      follicularis scroti et perigenitalis].

PMID- 1222818
TI  - Isolated lymphogranulomatosis of the skin.

PMID- 1222819
TI  - [Lymphatic fistula as a cause of therapy resistant ulcus cruris].

PMID- 1222820
TI  - [Cutaneous changes in diabetes mellitus with special reference to bullosis
      idiopathica].

PMID- 1222821
TI  - [Nummular microbial eczema].

PMID- 1222823
TI  - [Modification of the immune lymphocyte function through ether].

PMID- 1222822
TI  - [Serum IGE determination in various dermatoses with special reference to
      endogenous eczema].

PMID- 1222824
TI  - [Animal experiment studies on the sensitizing potency of shoe lacquer on a
      polychloroprene base].

PMID- 1222825
TI  - [The testing of sunscreening agents under practice-like conditions on rat skin in
      vitro].

PMID- 1222826
TI  - [Hemopexin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and transferrin in porphyria cutanea
      tarda].

PMID- 1222827
TI  - [Erythema exsudativum multiforme postherpeticum].

PMID- 1222828
TI  - [Blastic transformation and DNA synthesis in lymphocyte cultures of patients with
      early and late syphilis].

PMID- 1222829
TI  - [The growth of beard hair and its influencing through disease].

PMID- 1222830
TI  - [Resistance to mechanical contraception].

PMID- 1222831
TI  - [Resistance to intrauterine devices].

PMID- 1222832
TI  - [Resistance to the pill].

PMID- 1222833
TI  - [Resistance of women to contraception].

PMID- 1222834
TI  - [Resistance of teenagers to contraception].

PMID- 1222835
TI  - [Man faces contraception].

PMID- 1222837
TI  - [Resistance of the press to contraception].

PMID- 1222836
TI  - [Resistance of the medical profession to contraception].

PMID- 1222838
TI  - [Abortion and resistance to contraception].

PMID- 1222839
TI  - [The eye and the pill].

PMID- 1222840
TI  - [Oral contraception and lactation].

PMID- 1222841
TI  - [Artificial insemination].

PMID- 1222842
TI  - [The psychosexual impact of sterility treatment].

PMID- 1222843
TI  - [Reversibility of female contraception].

PMID- 1222844
TI  - [Two years use of IUD copper T 200].

PMID- 1222845
TI  - [Erotic biology of the vagina].

PMID- 1222846
TI  - [Contraception during intercourse].

PMID- 1222848
TI  - [Menstrual regulation].

PMID- 1222847
TI  - [Pulmonary scintigraphy in check-up and surveillance of oral contraception].

PMID- 1222849
TI  - [The importance of pre- and postoperative treatment for success in plastic tubal
      surgery].

PMID- 1222850
TI  - The effects of age, gonadectomy and testosterone treatment on adrenal 5beta
      reductase activity in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1222851
TI  - [Problem of new formation and differentiation of mitochondria].

PMID- 1222852
TI  - [Microscopic and submicroscopic structure of the liver of lizards].

PMID- 1222853
TI  - [Relationship between the bile and pancreatic secretion and its modification
      through a submaximal dose of 2-deoxy-D-glucose in the dog].

PMID- 1222854
TI  - [Study of the left heart ventricle bypass under the condition of dosage-induced
      heart failure carried out on a mathematical model].

PMID- 1222855
TI  - [Problem of an emergency auxillary circulation].

PMID- 1222856
TI  - Experience with total heart replacement by extrathoracic two-chamber pump B 60 K
      8.

PMID- 1222857
TI  - [Urgent angiography in patients with injuries of the abdomen and the lumbar
      region].

PMID- 1222858
TI  - [Coincidental occurrence of regional enteritis and idiopathic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1222859
TI  - Acute abdominal emergencies in the course of child infectious diseases.

PMID- 1222861
TI  - Contribution of different events and factors to precipitation of acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1222860
TI  - [Clinical testing of a new blue-light therapeutic lamp of VEB "Narva" for the
      treatment of neonatal jaundice].

PMID- 1222862
TI  - Laser radiation in healing oral cavity wounds.

PMID- 1222864
TI  - Traces of toothbrush filaments on the gingival epithelium after toothbrushing and
      massage of the gingiva.

PMID- 1222863
TI  - [Submicroscopic picture of the gingival mucosa after oral irrigations].

PMID- 1222865
TI  - Platelet function and serum lipids.

PMID- 1222866
TI  - An evaluation of Caryosan used as filling material in treatment of root canals.

PMID- 1222867
TI  - Development of some factors limiting physical performance, during 4-year
      endurance training of boys aged 14-18.

PMID- 1222868
TI  - Effect of different motor activity on the development of some limiting factors of
      performance capacity during the period of adolescence.

PMID- 1222869
TI  - Physical fitness and performance capacity in boys after one year of specialized
      training.

PMID- 1222870
TI  - Semen quality from the bull to the freezer: an assessment.

PMID- 1222871
TI  - Mestranol as an abortifacient in the bitch.

PMID- 1222872
TI  - [New medical treatment of cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1222873
TI  - [Digital and muscle biopsy in the evaluation of senile diabetic microangiopathy.
      Note I. Comparison of the 2 diagnostic methods].

PMID- 1222874
TI  - [Electrophoretic fractionation on cellulose acetate, heat denaturation and
      treatment with neuraminidase for identification of alkaline phosphatase
      isoenzymes].

PMID- 1222875
TI  - [A case of reno-vascular hypertension associated with hyperaldosteronism.
      Recovery after nephrectomy].

PMID- 1222877
TI  - [Coronary function tests. Semeiologic or nosologic problem?].

PMID- 1222876
TI  - [The use of a drug with combined antidepressive and anxiolytic action as a
      therapeutic aid in rehabilitative medicine].

PMID- 1222878
TI  - [Malpositions of the heart].

PMID- 1222879
TI  - A histological survey of pre-excitation syndrome and related arrhythmias.
AB  - The scanty available data in histology of accessory AV pathways, namely James',
      Mahaim's and Kent's fibres, together with Paladino's bundle, defects in the
      fibrous annuli and "Ring tissue", were considered for their bearing on old and
      new pathophysiological questions about ventricular pre-excitation and
      complicating tachy-arrhythmias. The histological findings in nine hearts allowed
      for a realistic and synthetic schematization of all the main types of anomalous
      AV bypasses, which have been emphasized in discussing the subject. The inadequacy
      of basic knowledge concerning the anatomoclinical significance of James and
      Mahaim fibres and "Ring tissue" in ventricular pre-excitation is pointed out, and
      the importance of Kent bundles in pathogenesis of WPW is confirmed. In a case of
      supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia, without pre-excitation, a Kent bundle
      was demonstrated, which suggests the possible existence of latent forma of WPW
      with antegrade-blocked AV bypass, underlying reciprocating tachycardias of this
      kind. New trends in morphological investigation on the AV junction and
      anatomophysiological bypasses in the area are outlined.

PMID- 1222880
TI  - [The prediction of coronary heart disease. A mathimatical model applied to
      Italian field studies (author's transl)].
AB  - The multiple logistic function (MLF) was applied for the estimation of coronary
      heart disease (CHD) - "hard criteria" in 5 years as a function of several risk
      factors in two rural Italian areas belonging to the "Seven Countries Study". CHD
      was estimated with solutions including 4, 5 and 11 factors respectively. Only
      serum cholesterol showed a statistically significant contribution; but other
      factors, like age and physical activity, very likely contributed to a better
      discrimination between "cases" and "non-cases". By increasing the number of
      factors the discrimination tends to improve anyway. In the solution with 11
      factors, 46% of the observed cases was found in the upper 10% of the estimated
      risk probabilities; 57% in the upper 20%; while no cases were found in the lowest
      20% of the same rank probability list. For practical purposes of selecting high
      risk individuals for preventive action, a simple 5 factor solution, including
      age, systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, consumption of cigarettes and
      physical activity is suggested.

PMID- 1222881
TI  - [Ultrasonic angiocardiography and ultrasonic cineangiography: comparison between
      two techniques (author's transl)].
AB  - In a comparison of the performances of ultrasonic tomography (UT) versus
      ultrasonic cineangiography (UC), a new technique of cross sectional imaging of
      the heart using a low resolution (40 lines per frame) real time multiscanner
      apparatus, was performed. Technical problems related to both techiques are
      reviewed and discussed. UT seems to deserve consideration when precise anatomical
      details are required while UC is particularly recommended when function studies
      are indicated, but mainly if computer facilities are available. Both systems
      represent a real technical advance on conventional echography.

PMID- 1222882
TI  - [Ecographic measurements of some cardiac sarcomere parameters (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report on some measurements of cardiac sarcomere length and rate of
      contraction with ecocardiographic techniques carried out in man. The mean cardiac
      fibers' velocity of shortening, also measured ecographically, is connected with
      sarcomere contraction velocity.

PMID- 1222883
TI  - Left heart diastolic extra-sounds. An intracardiac phonocardiographic and
      hemodynamic study.
AB  - In 53 patients with either normal hearts or with rheumatic valve disease
      (predominantly mitral disease), third and fourth heart sounds (S3, S4), were
      recorded by intracardiac phonocardiography inthe left ventricle, left atrium
      and/or ascending aorta. The corresponding sounds were recorded externally in less
      than one half of the cases only. The S3 was mostly present in the ventricle and
      in cases of volume overload. The S4 was found with about the same incidence in
      the left atrium and left ventricle, and more often in cases of pressure overload.
      The incidence of these sounds showed only a minimal correlation with the left
      ventricular diastolic pressures, while no correlation at all was found between
      such pressures and the time intervals P-S4 and A2-S3.

PMID- 1222884
TI  - [Evolutive study of the VCG in the first week of the normal newborn infant
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The vectorial and morphological variations of the VCG (Frank method) during the
      first seven days of life of sixteen normal newborn infants were analyzed. A
      byphasic distribution of the QRS vectors in the horizontal plane was found at
      birth. Successive observations showed a rising of initial forces of left septal
      activation and a slight increase of left parietal forces. The T loop variations
      were more remarkable, being probably correlated with rapid postnatal hemodynamic
      modifications. After a few days the T loop was oriented posteriorly and to the
      left, not changing this direction for many year. The P loop did not differ from
      the adult's in the majority of cases. Sometimes it showed a figure-or-eight
      rotation in the horizontal plane, probably due, according to the authors, to a
      different pathway of atrial activation.

PMID- 1222885
TI  - [Results of surgical therapy of the partial form of persistent common
      atrioventricular canal (author's transl)].
AB  - 20 patients with partial form of persistent common atrioventricular canal
      underwent surgery at the Centro di Cardiochirurgia "A. Blalock", University of
      Turin, between 1969 and 1974. In each case the treatment of lesions took place in
      the following order: the repair or replacement (one case) of the mitral valve;
      the closing with a patch of the atrial septal defect; the repair, in one case, of
      the tricuspid. The most frequent post-operative complications were arrhythmias,
      which in two cases consisted of a total atrioventricular block. Only one patient
      died postoperatively for an acute pulmonary oedema following an imperfect mitral
      valve correction. Six months after surgery, another patient died from bacterial
      endocarditis. Thirteen of the eighteen surviving patients showed excellent
      results at the clinical and/or hemodynamic check; two had fair results and three
      had poor results. In two cases, mitral insufficiency was hemodynamically
      aggravated, whilst in another five it disappeared. In eight, a slight apex
      systolic murmor 1-2/6 persisted, which was not correlated with any radiological
      or electrocardiographical sign of mitral insufficiency (and for three of these,
      not even a hemodynamic one). The authors consider that the most difficult problem
      in surgical therapy for these malformations is still the treatment of mitral
      lesions.

PMID- 1222886
TI  - A multicenter double blind clinical trial on 3.4.5-trimethoxybenzoiyl-epsilon
      aminocaproic acid (C-3) in acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - 186 out of 391 patients with acute myocardial infarction were treated with C-3
      and 205 with placebo in a multicenter, double-blind clinical trial. Ensuing
      complications were treated in the same way in both groups. C-3 was injected i.v.
      slowly at the dose of 2 g statim plus 6 g by continuous drip infusion over 24 hrs
      for 5 days. During treatment, clinical progress was influenced only in regard to
      cardiac failure since in the C-3 group the improvement was more significant than
      in the placebo one (P less than 0.0025). Mortality rates were 8.1% and 11.2% for
      the C-3 and placebo groups, respectively. The difference in mortality was
      significant (P less than 0.05) for patients treated with C-3 for more than 24
      hours. Mortality in male patients treated with C-3 for more than 12 hours was
      significantly lower (P less than 0.025). In patients less than 60 years old
      mortality rate was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) and was more so in
      patients receiving C-3 for more than 12 hours (P less than 0.025). Mortality due
      to complications was lower in the C-3 group, with arrhythmias (9.8% vs 14.2%),
      cardiogenic shock (69.2% vs 75%), and cardiac failure (9% vs 19.4%). Results
      agree with the hypothesis that C-3 may be effective in acute myocardial
      infarction by improving the action of traditional antiarrhythmic drugs, and
      augmenting myocardial contraction energy.

PMID- 1222887
TI  - [The influence of pre-load on myocardial contractility indices. Experimental
      research (author's transl)].
AB  - The behaviour by increasing the ventricular volume of several parameters and
      indices proposed for measuring the cardiac contractility has been determined in
      isolated guinea pig hearts beating under isometric conditions. Particularly, V
      max calculated on the total pressure has been compared with the Vmax calculated
      on the developed pressure. Whilst the later showed to be independent of preload
      changes, Vmax was calculated on the total pressure, decreased by changing the
      ventricular volume. Moreover, it showed itself to be independent of pre-load
      changes. An index proposed recently obtained from the plot (P, P'), as ratio
      between the positive portion of the area and the developed sistolic pressure wals
      also demonstrated.

PMID- 1222888
TI  - [His electrogram recordings in disturbances of atrio-ventricular conduction in
      acute ryocardial infarction (author's transl)].
AB  - 48 His bundle recordings were performed on 30 patients with acute mycardial
      infarction and various degrees of atrioventricular block. Studies were undertaken
      at the time of transvenous pacemaker insertion and/or removal from the right
      ventricle, without pharmacological or electrical stimulation tests. The
      connections between site of the infarcted area and localization of the a-v block
      were investigated, to identify uncommon relations. Several atypical cases were
      observed: among 12 cases of patients with anterior infarction, 6 had prolonged P
      H interval, with prolonged H-V interval in 4 cases, and normal H-V interval in
      the remaining 2 cases. Among the 18 cases of inferior infarction, 5 had prolonged
      H-V interval, 2 of which had a normal P-H interval and 3 with prolonged P-H
      interval. In the latter cases, the identification of a two-step a-v block by His
      bundle recordings was shown to be important from the clinical and prognostic
      viewpoint. Nevertheless, it is evident that the His bundle recording is
      insufficient by itself to provide any evidence of the inner pathogenetical
      mechanism of these phenomena, and only various hypotheses can be advanced.

PMID- 1222889
TI  - [Correlations of the coronary arteriography with clinical data and
      electrocardigraphy].
AB  - The correlation between coronary arteriograms, E.C.G. and clinical data of two
      thousand patients was studied. In those suffering from angina on effort there was
      a significant correlation between the intensity and frequency of the anginal pain
      and the extension of the lesion in one, two or in all three main coronary
      arteries. In those suffering from angina at rest only one of the coronaires was
      usually affected. The greatest degree of lesions was found in patients with
      prolonged and spontaneous crises of anginal pain. In those patients suffering
      from progressive angina and intermediate coronary syndrome the lesions were
      spread totwo or all three coronaries. E.C.G. abnormalities were always correlated
      with significant lesions of the coronary vessels while normal or "atypical"
      E.C.G. were usually correlated with only slight lesions in these vessels or with
      normal vessels. In a few cases however angina and myocardial infarction were
      present in spite of apparently normal coronaries. The reason for this discrepancy
      is still under investigation: myocardial metabolism and coronary flow
      abnormalities could in part explain these finding.

PMID- 1222890
TI  - [Subaortic membranous stenosis associated with infundibular pulmonary stenosis.
      Case report (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of combined congenital discrete subaortic stenosis and infundibular
      pulmonic stenosis is described. Clinical, haemodynamic data and surgical results
      are reported. Only one similar case has been previously described.

PMID- 1222891
TI  - The triad secondary R waves, RS-T segment elevation and T waves inversion in
      right precordial leads: a normal electrocardiographic variant.
AB  - A bizarre electrocardiogram characterized, in right precordial leads, by the
      triad, high secondary R waves, marked RS-T segment elevation and deep T waves
      inversion, was observed in an otherwise normal individual. Its persistence for
      forteen years and its absence at lower levels than in routine right precordial
      leads demonstrate its nonpathological origin. The few similar cases reported in
      the literature are reviewed and theie mechanism is discussed.

PMID- 1222892
TI  - [ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR VOLUME AND OF THE EJECTION
      FRACTION IN SCLEROTIC CORONAROPATHY].

PMID- 1222893
TI  - [Polygraphical observations on patient carriers of Lillehei-Kaster disc
      prosthesis (author's transl)].
AB  - Polygraphical tracings of 34 carriers with mitral prosthesis and 11 with aortic
      prosthesis were studied. The most significant observations were: 1) that it is
      not possible to record the mitralic click of the opening constantly, and that the
      correlation between the width of mitralic clicks is inferior to that which can be
      observed in the other types of artificial valve; the time of isovolumetric
      contraction was likewise inferior; 2) that the correlation between the width of
      the two aortic clicks is inferior to that observed in the other types of aortic
      valve; the time of expulsion from the left ventricle is longer, probably in
      connection with the fact that the moment of recording, the patients had not yet
      achieved a normal functional capacity.

PMID- 1222894
TI  - Nitrogen balance studies on protein-rich food mixtures for preschool children in
      Egypt.
AB  - Nitrogen balance measurements were carried out on children aged 5 to 30 months.
      They were fed diets supplemented by PRFMs or by SMA milk powder as the sole
      source of dietary protein. Sesamena (or SLW-II) was fed to a group of 8 children,
      Arabeana to another group of 9 and Supramine to a third group of 8 children. The
      measurements were reported on the same children when they were given SMA milk
      powder as a reference protein. Therefore, each subject acted as his own control.
      The technique used was that of Fomon et al(23) with certain modifications. All
      three mixtures could maintain the children in positive nitrogen balance. Sesamena
      gave the best mean NPU value (69 +/- 5.9) which is 96% of reference. Supramine
      gave the highest mean digestibility (87 +/- 6.8) which is 102% of reference.
      Sesamena proved to be a suitable weaning food satisfying all the standards of
      PRFMs recommended by the PAG(14,15). It contains a good quality protein, cheap
      and can be easily prepared at the family level after appropriate education of
      mothers. This mixture can be also manufactured at the national level.

PMID- 1222895
TI  - Clinically diagnosed poliomyelitis in a presumably vaccinated population.
AB  - Vaccination against poliomyelitis has been compulsory all over Egypt since 1968.
      Therefore, it is presumed that all infants and children below six years have
      already been vaccinated. This study is planned to estimate the magnitude of
      paralytic poliomyelitis in Egypt after six years compulsory vaccination. The
      cases studied were investigated with regard to socioeconomic status and history
      and place of vaccination, association of vomiting and diarrhoea or breast feeding
      within two hours of vaccination, and blood grouping. These results were compared
      with those of a control group of non-paralytic cases chosen at random from
      patients who visited the same hospital. Samples of the vaccine were collected
      from different centres in which children received vaccination and were titrated
      to estimate their potency at Agouza Laboratories for Vaccines and Sera. The
      results revealed that still we have a high incidence of poliomyelitis viz :
      985/100,000 out-patients, also males are more affected than females with sex
      ratio 3:2. Of the paralytic cases 22% had proper vaccination while improper
      vaccination was found in 78%. There was predominance of blood group O among the
      paralytic cases. The detailed results and discussion of paralytic cases compared
      to the control has been also fulfilled. Tiltration of the vaccine revealed a
      lower than the accepted standard indicating altered potency.

PMID- 1222896
TI  - Study of the pattern of Widal test in infants and children. III. Effect of
      T.A.B., diphtheria tetanus, pertussis and measles vaccinations on the level of
      enteric fever agglutinins.
AB  - Widal test was done before and 15 days after the last dose of T.A.B. (33
      Children) Diphtheria (13) Tetanus (16), Pertussis (7) and Measles (7)
      vaccinations. The tremendous rise of Widal agglutinin titers after T.A.B.
      vaccination could not foul up the results of the Widal test if we follow closely
      the suggested diagnostic Widal criterion combining a titer of 1/80 or more for
      "O" and 1/60 or more for one"H" agglutinin with the other "H" agglutinins at a
      lower titer.

PMID- 1222897
TI  - "Enuresis".

PMID- 1222898
TI  - Electromyography in pediatrics.

PMID- 1222899
TI  - Improved feeding patterns in the prevention of childhood malnutrition.
AB  - In this study simple assessment of the nutritional status and evaluation of the
      dietary economic and social conditions were done for a sample of urban and rural
      infants and young children. Home-made diets, supplying the recommended dietary
      allowances for proteins and calories were suggested. These diets cost the same
      amount of money, originally spent on foods for the baby. A follow-up study for
      three months showed that babies reached growth standards better than the original
      for the same group at similar ages.

PMID- 1222900
TI  - [Hypophyseal gonadotropic hormone of a cartiligenous fish, the sturgeon
      (Acipenser stellatus Pall.). I. Purification].

PMID- 1222901
TI  - The effect of 17 beta-estradiol acetate on the testis and thumb pad of Rana
      cyanophlyctis (Schn.) and Rana tigrina (Daud.).

PMID- 1222902
TI  - Adrenocortical ultrastructure in the squaliform elasmobranch (Ginglymostoma
      cirratum Bonnaterre): cell death, a postulate for holocrine secretion.

PMID- 1222904
TI  - Function of corpora lutea of pregnancy in the viviparous garter snake, Thamnophis
      elegans.

PMID- 1222903
TI  - Sources and levels of progesterone during pregnancy in the garter snake,
      Thamnophis elegans.

PMID- 1222905
TI  - [Current perspectives of fetal monitoring].

PMID- 1222906
TI  - [Fetal monitoring. Fetal heart rate].

PMID- 1222907
TI  - [Acid base equilibrium during labor].

PMID- 1222908
TI  - [Tests of fetal tolerance].

PMID- 1222909
TI  - [External fetal electrocardiography, indications and future prospectives].

PMID- 1222910
TI  - [Ultrasonics. Basic principles and its clinical application in materno-fetal
      monitoring].

PMID- 1222911
TI  - [Physical and physical development of school children in chronic irregular
      nutrition in Mionica and Hrtkovci].

PMID- 1222912
TI  - [Pharmacognostic study of Belladonna (Atropa belladonna L.) in the mountains of
      Vrsac].

PMID- 1222913
TI  - [Influence of chlorpropamide on the excretion of electrolytes in diabetes
      insipidus].

PMID- 1222914
TI  - [Incidence of intestinal parasites in school children of Pirot and environs].

PMID- 1222915
TI  - The cat as a possible source of Toxoplasma infection for man.
AB  - The authors examined 1,027 persons divided into two groups by means of the
      toxoplasmin skin test. Group I contained 472 persons who owned domestic cats. Of
      these 255, i.e. 54.0% gave a positive reaction. Group II consisted of 555 persons
      who did not own cats. Of these 237, i.e. 42.7% reacted positively. A
      statistically significant difference at the 1% level of significance was assessed
      between the two groups. A difference of highest diagnostic importance was found
      in persons of unexposed occupations in the lowest age group, 14-19 years: 39.5%
      positive reactions among cat owners and 16.1% among those who did not own cats.
      The results support the assumption on the role played by domestic cats in the
      epidemiology of toxoplasmosis. An analysis of the ethology of the cat as regards
      its importance in the spread of Toxoplasma infection is the subject of the
      present study.

PMID- 1222916
TI  - New host records and locations of Hepatojakarus bandicoti Sood et Parshad, 1973
      (Trichostrongylidae: Nematoda).

PMID- 1222917
TI  - Histochemistry of the parenchyma of Cysticercus bovis.
AB  - The contents of mucosubstances, proteins and lipids, and the activity of several
      enzymes were studied in the parenchyma of the bladder wall and the invaginated
      portion of Cysticercus bovis aged 108 days. The parenchyma of both parts
      contained a large amount of glycogen and minute bodies with a high activity of
      acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase. By contrast to older larvae, the
      young larvae contained a minute amount of hydrophobic lipids. The rostellum was
      developed and similar to the suckers contained glycogen.

PMID- 1222918
TI  - The effect of immunosuppressants on experimental infection with Fasciola
      hepatica.
AB  - Results are presented on the effect of immunosuppressive substances such as
      chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, amethopterine and a cortizone
      derivate of betamethasone, on the development of Fasciola hepatica in the rat.
      The suppression of the immune response of the host to immunosuppressants was
      reflected in an earlier start of migration of the flukes to the common bile duct,
      and in an earlier onset of egg production as compared with that in the controls.
      Of the substances employed, cyclophosphamide and betamethasone were the most
      effective ones within the period from week 2--6 p.i., which is the time during
      which the migration of the flukes in the liver parenchyma is highest.
      Pathological changes in the liver of the animals were less marked than those of
      the infected controls. Evidence was obtained on an increased pathogenicity of
      infective larval flukes causing a higher mortality of the hosts in comparison
      with that of the control animals. On the other hand, the administration of
      immunosuppressants did neither influence the total number of developed flukes nor
      the appearance of eosinophilia in the peripheral blood of the treated animals.

PMID- 1222919
TI  - Redescription of two species of the genus Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832
      (Monogenoidea) from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.
AB  - A redescription is given of Gyrodactylus macracanthus Hukuda, 1940 and G.
      micracanthus Hukuda, 1940. G. paralatus Gussev, 1955 was placed in synonymy with
      the species G. macracanthus. Specimens determined by Ergens and Dulmaa (1968) to
      be G. paralatus are considered to be identical to G. micracanthus.

PMID- 1222920
TI  - Two myobiid mites (Myobiidae: Trombidiformes) from the Great Himalaya Mountains).
AB  - In the region of the Barun Glacier, in the vicinity of the Makalu Mountain in the
      Great Himalaya (Nepal) two mite species of the family Myobiidae, Protomyobia
      kounickyi sp. n. and Radfordia lemnina (C. L. Koch, 1841) were found on Soriculus
      caudatus soluensis (Gruber) and Alticola roylei (Gray) respectively at high
      altitudes (3450--4900 m). A single specimen of the latter species slightly
      differs from specimens from the typical host, Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber),
      in a greater length of l4 and d5 and in the form of coxal setae I, but it is not
      regarded as a different taxon.

PMID- 1222921
TI  - Rhadinopsylla (Actenophthalmus) mesoides Smit, 1957 (Siphonaptera,
      Hystrichopsyllidae) in Czechoslovak western Carpathians.
AB  - A series of 50 specimens of Rhadinopsylla mesoides was found among fleas of small
      rodents in the western Carpathians. According to variability of some characters
      in Rh. mesoides from the High Tatras the authors consider the subspecies
      Rhadinopsylla mesoides skuratowiczi Bartkowska, 1972 to be a synonym of
      Rhadinopsylla mesoides Smit, 1957.

PMID- 1222922
TI  - Nomenclatoric note on some feather mite taxa (Sarcoptiformes: Analgoidea).

PMID- 1222923
TI  - [Children of foreign workers form the viewpoint of medical practice].
AB  - Medical practitioners in Duisberg, Velbert, Wuppertal and Dusseldorf were
      requested to give information on special health problems in children of foreign
      laborers. The majority of the medical practitioners reported no differences
      between the health problems in children of foreign laborers and those of German
      children. However, many reported that malnutritional and catarrhal diseases occur
      more often and neurotic disturbances less often in the foreign children. The
      higher incidence of illness in the foreign children can probably be reduced to
      some extent by informing the foreign parents about the suitable nutrition of
      small children and of appropriate clothing in Germany.

PMID- 1222924
TI  - [Vesicorenal reflux. Morphological diagnosis and indications for anti-reflux
      plasty].
AB  - The importance of reflux-pyelonephritis in children and adults is discussed.
      Important leading-symptoms are the incontinence after the age of four besides the
      cystoureteritis, which is resistant to all kinds of therapy. Following the
      discussion of the etiopathogenesis of the reflux and its consequences, the
      symptomatic of the reflux is described in detail and a diagnostic program is
      given. Extended urological diagnosis includes intravenous urography with
      preceeding x-ray-examination, reflux cystogram and cystourethrogram during
      urination. An essential emprovement of these diagnostic measures for the
      recording of the vesicoureteral reflux is the recording by the 100-mm-cutfilm
      camera. Indications for surgical measures and the operative proceeding are
      discussed.

PMID- 1222925
TI  - [Diabetes therapy--conclusion. Sequel 3: therapeutic failures, counterindications
      of drug therapy, side-effects, therapy of diseases and special conditions,
      therapy of side-effects].

PMID- 1222926
TI  - [Maternal mortality in cesarean section as compared to vaginal delivery].
AB  - Caesarean section-rates of more than 10% in our days are not seldom; the reasons
      are the changed and enlarged indications for Caesarean section. The increase of
      the Caesarean section-frequency is parallel to the decrease of maternal
      mortality. The authors' investigations came to the same results. From 1963-1974
      they examined 29534 deliveries (28184 spontaneous deliveries and 1350 Caesarean
      sections). In the examined years the Caesarean section-frequency increased from
      3.6% to 5.7%. The maternal mortality of all deliveries was 5.47% (14 from
      29534);the maternal mortality of the spontaneous vaginal deliveries was 0.14% (4
      from 28184), in the Caesarean sections the maternal mortality was 7.41% (10 from
      1350). The different causes of exitus in Caesarean section are discussed. Even
      "adjusted statistics" show that maternal mortality in Caesarean section is until
      today 10 to 15 times as high as in vaginal deliveries. Therefore Caesarean
      section means a ten times higher risk than a spontaneous delivery. For these
      reasons Caesarean section should not develop to the delivery's "method of choice"
      and we should keep our intentions also in future to the vaginal methods of
      delivery.

PMID- 1222927
TI  - [Eclampsia. Incidence and therapy, results of the University Gynecological Clinic
      Gottingen].
AB  - The occurrence of eclampsia in the last two decades in the women's hospital of
      the University of Goettingen was evaluated. In a total of 32,578 birth  there was
      an incidence of 0.11%. Maternal mortality was 16.2%, perinatal mortality 19.5%.
      73% of the patients were primiparae, 24.3% unmarried pregnant women. A regression
      of the frequency of eclampsia is seen within the last 20 years and certainly due
      to the intensive antenatal care.

PMID- 1222928
TI  - [Fulminant hepatitis. Complications and therapeutic possibilities].
AB  - Clinic and histologic characteristics in fulminant hepatitis are pointed out,
      participation of other organs is reported. Coma, bleeding and renal failure are
      complications and often are followed by death. Conservative treatment
      prophylacting complications is described. Newer methods in treatment of coma are
      exchange-transfusion, liver-perfusion and -grafting. They showed success in some
      cases. Success, however is less due to the method than to ability of regeneration
      of the remaining liver tissue. Despite the newer methods of treatment the rate of
      mortality is yet 80 to 90%.

PMID- 1222930
TI  - [Preventive examination of the female breast].

PMID- 1222929
TI  - [Comparative studies on the ovulation inhibitor Tri-Ervonum following a more-than
      1-year administration].

PMID- 1222931
TI  - [Clinical oncology. Tasks and aims].

PMID- 1222932
TI  - [Surgical manegement of breast cancer].
AB  - A survey of common operative methods in carcinoma of the breast is given. The own
      procedure in localized and generalized stages of the disease is presented. Simple
      mastectomy plus axillary dissection has according to our experience proven to be
      the method of choice.

PMID- 1222933
TI  - [Tumor classification using the TNM system. Sequel 1: breast cancer].

PMID- 1222934
TI  - [Osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1222935
TI  - [Total reform of the Food Act. Health-related aspects].
AB  - Consumer-protection will be made stronger through reform of the laws concerning
      sale of such commodities as food, cosmetics and tobacco, which can be damaging to
      health. Important new developments have already been introduced in the areas of
      residue-control, additives, declared contents and advertisements, including those
      concerning the claimed benefits of healthfoods. There have been alterations in
      penalties for contraventions of these laws. If this reform is to make a positive
      contribution to the field of health protection then a more direct co-ordination
      with legislation concerning the environment is necessary.

PMID- 1222936
TI  - [Effects of water with a low mineral content on serum electrolytes and blood
      pressure].
AB  - The effects of low-mineral content water (Adelholzener Primus-Quelle) in 62
      patients were studied of which 14 were hypertonic. Changes of blood sodium,
      potassium, chloride and bicarbonate were not observed in either group. In the
      hypertonic patients, blood pressure decreased from a mean systolic value of 168
      to 140 mmHg and mean distolic pressure from 105 to 88 mmHg. Observations to date
      suggest the following indications for a low-mineral content water diet: 1.
      hypertension, 2. renal insufficiency in stages of compensated and decompensated
      retention, especially in cases with high serum potassium levels, 3. in the
      initial therapy of diabetes, gout and obesity; patients with a high water demand
      should be treated with low-mineral content water until the optimal intake of
      electrolytes is established.

PMID- 1222937
TI  - Receptive behavior in developing female rats.

PMID- 1222938
TI  - A re-examination of the lordosis response in female rats given high doses of
      testosterone propionate or estradiol benzoate in the neonatal period.

PMID- 1222939
TI  - Anti-estrogenic suppression of the lordosis response in female rats.

PMID- 1222940
TI  - Hormonal control of urine-marking in wild and domestic Norway rats.

PMID- 1222941
TI  - Blood group, serum protein and red cell enzyme polymorphisms in a population from
      the Seychelle Islands.
AB  - 161 inhabitants of the Seychelle Islands have been examined for blood group,
      serum protein, and red cell enzyme polymorphisms. The gene frequency data
      obtained from this survey supports the anthropological view that the present-day
      Creole-speaking inhabitants of the Seychelle Islands result from a admixture of
      African and European stock.

PMID- 1222942
TI  - Use of normal daughters' CPK levels in the estimation of heterozygosity risks in
      X-linked muscular dystrophies.

PMID- 1222943
TI  - Genetic variation in Nigeria. I. The genetics of phenylthiourea tasting ability.
AB  - Phenylthiourea (PTC) taste sensitivity thresholds have been measured for 2,013
      Nigerians using a modified sorting technique. The frequency of non-tasters was
      observed to be 12.5% and the t gene frequency was 0.354. There was a significant
      difference between the sexes at the 0.01 level for the overall population.
      However, when the data are analyzed according to the geographical origin of the
      subject, the sex difference is found only in one of three geographical regions.
      Also, there may be geographical influences on PTC taste sensitivity, although
      this was not statistically significant. The estimates reported in this population
      differ considerably from some of the previously published estimates for black
      populations.

PMID- 1222944
TI  - Immunoglobulin Allotypes of European Populations. I. Gm and Km(Inv) allotypic
      markers in Hungarians.
AB  - The distribution of G1m(f, z, a, and x), G3m(b0, b1, b3, c3, c5, g, s, and t) and
      Km(1) (formerly Inv[1]) allotypic markers have been examined in 184 Hungarians.
      The results indicate that the frequency of the immunoglobulin haplotypes Gmza;g,
      Gmzax;g, Gmf;b and Km1 is similar to the frequencies observed in surrounding
      populations. In addition, Hungarians were found to be polymorphic for the
      Oriental haplotype Gmza;bst, and had low frequencies of other uncommon
      haplotypes. Our data indicate that about 5% of the Hungarian genome is of
      Oriental origin.

PMID- 1222945
TI  - Polymorphism of esterase D in some population groups in Japan.
AB  - Electrophoretic types of red cell esterase D (Es D) have been determined in more
      than 1,000 blood samples from Tokyo. The allele frequency for Es D2 was found to
      be 0.342. Typing was also carried out in samples of the Ainu of Hokkaido and of
      the Ryukyuans of the Okinawa Island: the Es D2 frequencies were found to be 0.273
      and 0.369, respectively. These values are considerably higher than those
      described in Europeans, Negroes and even in Asiatic Indians. The results indicate
      that Es D with a marked degree of heterogeneity is a valuable marker for genetic,
      anthropological and forensic application in Mongoloid groups.

PMID- 1222946
TI  - Immunoglobulin allotypes of European populations. II.Gm, Am and Km(Inv) allotypic
      markers in Czechoslovakians.
AB  - The distribution of G1m(f,z,a, and x), G2m(n), G3m(b0, b1, b3, b5, c3, c5, g, s,
      t, and v), A2m(1 and 2) and Km(1) (formerly Inv[1]) allotypic determinants has
      been examined in a series of Czechoslovakian blood donors. The results indicate
      that Gmza;-;gvA2m1, Gmzax;-;gvA2m1, Gmf;n;bvA2m1 and Gmf;-;bvA2m1 are present in
      polymorphic frequencies. Further, 9 idiomorphic phenotypes were observed;
      however, without family data it was not possible to exactly define the majority
      of these. The observed frequencies of Gmza;g, Gmzax;g and Gmf;b and Km1 are
      similar to those observed previously in Czechoslovakians and similar to those
      observed in adjacent populations, though different from those observed in Western
      Europeans, primarily due to a higher frequency of Gmf;b in Czechoslovakians.

PMID- 1222947
TI  - C'3 polymorphism of human complement in North-East England.
AB  - The C'3 polymorphism of human complement was investigated in a sample of 268
      unrelated individuals in North-East England. The two common genes were comparable
      in frequency with other European populations investigated so far. Two individuals
      were found to have rare variant C'3 types.

PMID- 1222948
TI  - Red cell glutamate-pyruvate transaminase gene frequencies in Gambia, West Africa.
AB  - The red cell GPT phenotypes have been determined in two village populations in
      Gambia, West Africa. A total of 887 people have been investigated. The results
      confirm the previous observations that the frequency of the GPT gene is far
      higher in African populations than Caucasian populations.

PMID- 1222949
TI  - Anterior chamber of the eye. A genetic and anthropological study in Greenland
      Eskimos.
AB  - During a population survey in Eskimos family resemblance with respect to anterior
      chamber depth (ACD) was studied. Heritability estimates of about 0.7 against a
      marital correlation of zero were obtained. No correlation between ACD and parity,
      but a significant correlation with stature was found which possibly accounts for
      the sex difference in ACD. Significant associations between ACD, iris colour,
      facial appearance, and corneal diameter were observed. West Greenlanders with a
      predominantly Eskimoan physiognomy showed smaller anterior chambers than unmixed
      East Greenland Eskimos and Eskimo-Caucasian hybrids.

PMID- 1222950
TI  - Inhibitory effect of progesterone on the phytohaemagglutinin- induced
      transformation of human peripheral lymphocytes.
AB  - Effect of sex steroids, progesterone and estradiol-17beta, on transformation of
      human lymphocytes induced by PHA was investigated. Responses of peripheral
      lymphocytes from non-pregnant women to PHA was markedly reduced in the presence
      of progesterone at a concentration of 10(3) or 10(4) ng/ml. Estradiol-17beta, on
      the other hand, had no effects on the PHA-induced transformation under the
      present experimental conditions. The immunosuppressive property of progesterone
      may contribute to depression of maternal cell-mediated immunity against fetus
      during pregnancy.

PMID- 1222951
TI  - Effects of yogic exercises on human physical efficiency.

PMID- 1222952
TI  - Hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and lipid peroxidation in young growing male
      rats during treatment with an organophosphorus insecticide Take-20 (0,0-dimethyl
      malathion).

PMID- 1222953
TI  - Effect of di-norgestrel (13beta-ethyl-17alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone, Wy
      3707) on the reproductive organs of rabbit.

PMID- 1222954
TI  - Antiviral activity of isoquinolines carbazoles and other miscellaneous synthetic
      chemicals in mice.

PMID- 1222955
TI  - Variants of MN blood groups using anti-M and anti-N lectins.

PMID- 1222957
TI  - Effect of folic acid on serum and liver cholesterol in rats fed casein at two
      levels.

PMID- 1222956
TI  - Rubella as an aetiological factor of congenital malformation in Calcutta--a
      serological study.

PMID- 1222958
TI  - Abnormalities of thymus and results of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis.
      Correlative clinical, histologic and immunofluorescent studies.

PMID- 1222959
TI  - Ataxia-telangiectasia syndrome in 2 siblings.

PMID- 1222960
TI  - Observations on the phagocytic activities of eosinophils.

PMID- 1222962
TI  - Observations on the use of Gambusia affinis Holbrooki to control A. stephensi
      breeding in wells. Results of two years' study in Greater Hyderabad City--India.

PMID- 1222961
TI  - Contraceptive usage and its relationship to wanted or unwanted pregnancy.

PMID- 1222963
TI  - Sphingolipid errors in mentally retarded south Indian children--II.

PMID- 1222965
TI  - A study of subcutaneous staphylococcal infection in alloxan diabetic mice.

PMID- 1222964
TI  - Kyasanur Forest disease in the human population of Shimoga district, Mysore
      State, 1959-1966.

PMID- 1222966
TI  - Evaluation of immune response to single dose schedule of TAB vaccine.

PMID- 1222967
TI  - Connective tissue necrosis after alkali.

PMID- 1222968
TI  - Long-term contraception by steroid releasing implants. III. Mode of action of
      megestrol acetate (MA) administered by subcutaneous silastic implants in women.

PMID- 1222969
TI  - Long term effect of onion on experimentally-induced hypercholesteremia and
      consequently decreased fibrinolytic activity in rabbits.

PMID- 1222970
TI  - A study of Australia antigen, cold antibodies and ABO blood group frequencies in
      Ladakhies.

PMID- 1222971
TI  - Astudy of sub-clinical malabsorption in North India.

PMID- 1222972
TI  - Role of Prosopis juliflora and house-dust with reference to spring catarrh.

PMID- 1222973
TI  - Ethanol and acetylcholine level of rat heart.

PMID- 1222974
TI  - Sialic acid in the semen of normal vasectomized and hypospermatogenic
      individuals.

PMID- 1222975
TI  - A survey of minimum muscular fitness on school children.

PMID- 1222976
TI  - Cysticidal effect of emetine in conjunction with surfactant and enzymes in
      experimental amoebiasis of rat.

PMID- 1222977
TI  - Ataxia telangiectasia: a clinical, genetic and electrophysiological study.

PMID- 1222979
TI  - A comparative study of modified media for cultivation of Leishmania tropica.

PMID- 1222978
TI  - Endotoxemia in typhoid encephalopathy.

PMID- 1222980
TI  - Relation of phosphatases in human serum to sperm count and motility.

PMID- 1222981
TI  - Serological evidence of arbovirus activity in birds of KFD epizootic--epidemic
      area, Shimoga District, Karnataka, India.

PMID- 1222982
TI  - Freeze dried BCG vaccine sealed in presence of nitrogen.

PMID- 1222984
TI  - Blood and urine concentration of chrome in chrome industry workers.

PMID- 1222983
TI  - Epidemiological triad in domestic accidents.

PMID- 1222985
TI  - Association of anomalous lactate dehydrogenase band with hepatitis-B (Australia)
      antigen--a preliminary study.

PMID- 1222986
TI  - Incidence of hemoglobin Barts in cord blood samples.

PMID- 1222987
TI  - Incidence of leucocyte antibodies and HL-A antigens in Bombay population.

PMID- 1222989
TI  - Rheumatoid arthritis in Indians: a clinical study.

PMID- 1222988
TI  - Fluorometric estimation of serum and urinary magnesium levels in healthy Indian
      adults.

PMID- 1222990
TI  - Head injury in children.

PMID- 1222991
TI  - Anthropometric measurements and physical characteristics in the assessment of
      neonatal maturity. II. Physical characteristics.

PMID- 1222992
TI  - Holocardius acephalus.

PMID- 1222994
TI  - Cardiac acceleration by angiotensin II in dogs.
AB  - The effect of angiotensin II on heart rate of dogs were studied by intravenous
      and intracerebroventricular routes. Following differences were noticeable when
      the results obtained with intracerebroventricular were compared with those
      obtained after intravenous administration. The onset of tachycardia was less as
      compared to the intravenously administered angiotensin. The dogs required to
      produce tachycardia was less and the magnitude of tachycardia was also greater
      with intracerebroventricular administration. The initial bradycardia observed
      with intracerebroventricular or intravenous administration of angiotensin, could
      be prevented by using the mechanical buffering device. The spinal cord
      transection at C2 level and bilateral vagotomy abolished the tachycardia. It is
      speculated that angiotensin acts centrally either  on the hypothalamic or
      medullary accelerator neurones (central sympathetic structures) and produces some
      degree of increased adrenegic neuron discharge which is responsible for cardiac
      acceleratin in dogs.

PMID- 1222993
TI  - Central component of the cario-accelerator action of angiotensin II in dogs.
AB  - Injection of angiotensin II into a lateral cerebral ventricle (I.C.V.) or into a
      peripheral vein of anaesthetized dog elicited a rise in blood pressure and
      transient bradycardia followed by sustained tachycardia. Spinal transection at C2
      and bilateral vagotomy abolished the central cardiovascular effect of I.C.V.
      angiotensin. However, in spinal transected dogs the usual pressor response to
      intravenous angiotensin was observed. Since the transient bradycardia was absent
      in bilaterally vagotomized dogs or in dogs with their blood pressure stabilized
      by means of a mechanical buffer devise it must be reflex in origin. The
      tachycardia was more marked in vagotomized dogs. Prior administration of a beta
      adrenergic receptor blocking agent propranolol, blocked the tachycardia, but the
      pressor response was unaffected. The cardiovascular responses to centrally
      administered angiotensin were practically abolished by prior treatment of dogs
      with reserpine or by extirpation of both adrenal glands. Thus it may be concluded
      that ICV angiotensin induces a centrogenic release of catecholamines from the
      adrenal medulla which is responsible for the cardiovascular responses.

PMID- 1222995
TI  - Effects of Co60 gamma radiations on the conduction properties of frog sciatic
      nerves.
AB  - The effect of Co60 gamma radiations on the amplitude, detection period and
      duration of the action potential of sciatic nerves of Rana Tigrina frogs have
      been studied. Dose levels of up to 120 KR were employed. Irradiation of the
      nerves with dose levels upto 30 KR does not seem to affect the action potential
      profiles. The amplitude falls rapidly therafter, registering less than 5% of the
      orginal value after irradiation by a dose of 120 KR. Qualitatively similar
      behaviour is seen in the case of detection period and duration of action
      potential. These results are examined in the light of the authors' data (11) on
      the effect of Co60 gamma rays on the enzyme acethlcholinesterase (AchE). Portions
      of this paper have already been communicated (12).

PMID- 1222996
TI  - Study of urinary volume and creatinine excretion in women medical students.
AB  - The urine volume per 24 hours is much lower than that reported in literature and
      therefore, it is necessary to establish Indian base lines. The experiments have
      been done under three different weather conditions, the results suggest an extent
      of allowance to be made for interpreting the results of concentration of
      substances in urine. The daily creatinine excretion was much lower than that
      reported in Western literature. This may be of value when creatinine excretion is
      being used as a check for completeness of 24 hours urine volume in Indians.

PMID- 1222997
TI  - Thrombccytopenia related to the severity of alcoholism.
AB  - Platelet counts of 42 alcoholics studied showed that 88% of them had
      thrombocytopenia. This hematological response to ethanol was dose related. Liver
      function assessed by biochemical tests showed no liver parenchymal damage and
      hence could not explain the thrombocytopenia. It has been suggested that this
      effect may result from a direct effect of ethanol on bone marrow from shortened
      platelet survival or their sequestration.

PMID- 1222998
TI  - A simple method for continuous recording of perfusion rate of blood vessels of
      frog.
AB  - A method for continuous registration of perfusion rate of frog blood vessels has
      been developed utilizing a modified Marey's tambour with lever system, connected
      to the perfusion bottle. The responses of frong blood vessels to some autonomic
      drugs have  been studied using this method.

PMID- 1222999
TI  - Acid inhibiton in insulin test- a preliminary report.
AB  - The initial suppression of acid secretion in Insulin Test has been a subject of
      various interpretaitons. A study of hypothalamic recordings in a patient
      undergoing sedative neurosurgery for behaviour disorders revealed marked
      suppression of electrical activity in the lateral hypothalamic nucleus within
      three minutes after the injection of insulin, followed later by spike formation
      corresponding to parasympathetic stimulation, when hypoglycaemia is established.
      It appears that the initial suppression of acid secretion is due to a direct
      action of insulin, suppressing electrical activities of lateral nucleus, the
      spike formation occurring later, corresponding to onset of hypoglycaemia with
      stimulation of the nucleus and consequently gastric secretion.

PMID- 1223000
TI  - Hypoglycaemic effects of onion, Allium cepa Linn. on diabetes mellitus - a
      preliminary report.
AB  - Hypoglycaemic fractions of A. cepa Linn (onion) have been separated. After 7 days
      treatment, the more active hypoglycaemic fraction was about half as active as
      Phenformin in lowering the fasting blood sugar of alloxan-diabetic rabbits. Oral
      administration of the hypoglycaemic fraction to alloxan-diabetic rabbits improved
      their glucose tolerance also. Juice expressed residue of onion, when fed to
      diabetic patients along with their food, controlled the hyperglycaemia
      effectively.

PMID- 1223001
TI  - Hypoglycaemic action of bengalenoside, a glucoside isolated from Ficus
      bengalensis Linn, in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits.
AB  - A comparative study of the hypoglycaemic action of the ethabolic extract of the
      bark of Ficus bengalensis and a glucoside isolated from it has been made with
      tolbutamide, both in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. The glucoside is more
      active than the crude extract and it is half as potent as tolbutamide.

PMID- 1223002
TI  - Urinary fructose excretion in health after fructose test.
AB  - Urinary excretion of fructose during three hours following the ingestion of 100 g
      of hydrolysed sucrose (in 200 ml) was studied in 85 normal men. This solution was
      better tolerated than a solution of 50 g of pure fructose and gave higher urinary
      excretion of fructose than with 100 g of unhydrolysed sucrose. The mean fructose
      excretion was 54.0 mg (S.D. 40.6 MG). The majority of subjects (63) excreted
      between 1 and 75 mg and the highest value was 187mg. This suggests a relatively
      inexpensive method for assessing the existence of porta-systemic shunts beyond
      normal.

PMID- 1223003
TI  - Studies with trimipramine on isolated kitten atria.
AB  - The effect of different doses of trimipramine has been studied on the force of
      contraction of isolated kitten atria. Trimipramine produced dose dependent
      increase in the force of contraction of the atria. Pretreatment of kitten with
      reserpine or of the isolated atria with propranolol inhibited the positive
      inotropic effect of trimpramine. The positive inotropic action of trimipramine is
      probably due to the release and /or due to blocking the uptake of spontaneously
      released noradrenaline. Trimipramine was also found to potentiate the positive
      inotropic action of noradrenaline. This potentiation not only decreased in
      relation to the time of exposure of the isolated atria to trimipramine but also
      the action of noradrenaline was antagonised.

PMID- 1223004
TI  - Action of pilocarpine on the rat blood pressure.

PMID- 1223005
TI  - Treatment with sisomicin of complicated urinary tract infections in patients with
      varying degrees of renal function impairment, pharmacokinetics and dosage
      adjustment.
AB  - The efficacy, tolerance and pharmacokinetics of the new aminoglycoside antibiotic
      sisomicin, have been studied in 29 elderly male patients with varying degrees of
      renal function impairment and suffering from complicated urinary tract
      infections. The antibiotic was equally effective in patients with normal and
      impaired renal function and a cure (negative urine culture at one week follow-up)
      of 56% was obtained. There was little apparent toxicity with the dosage regimens
      used, although serum creatinine values were statistically but not clinically
      significantly increased in some patients following treatment. Serum half-lives of
      sisomicin were prolonged in cases of impaired renal function but accumulation of
      antibiotic could be prevented by varying dosing intervals between 8 and 24 hours
      based on serum creatinine values. There was good correlation between serum
      creatinine and sisomicin serum half-life values and a practical method is
      described for dose adjustment based on the relationship between serum half-lives
      and serum creatinine concentrations.

PMID- 1223007
TI  - Experimental and clinical studies of 5-fluorocytosine activity in candida ocular
      infections, II. The effect of 5-fluorocytosine in treating experimental candida
      infection in rabbits' eyes.
AB  - Mild and severe experimental ocular infections in rabbits' eyes were induced by
      inoculation of Candida albicans with or without addition of dexamycin drops.
      These rabbits were treated with 5-Fluorocytosine, topically, orally and in a
      combined topical and oral manner. The topical treatment was effective only in
      mild infections. Severe infections responded to oral and especially to combined
      oral-tropical treatment.

PMID- 1223006
TI  - [Electrocardiogram changes in purulent pericarditis. Report on 21 cases].
AB  - The electrocardiograms of 18 out of 21 patients hospitalized between 1964 and
      1972 with purulent pericarditis presented significant changes. With the exception
      of three cases of primary isolated pericarditis, most of the patients presented
      with septicemia. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen in 16 cases.
      Classical electrocardiographic evolution in four phases was recorded in six
      cases. Draining of the pericardial effusion in the patients without pleurisy was
      followed by low-voltage amelioration in half of the cases. The duration of the
      electrocardiographic changes was shorter in patients who underwent
      intrapericardial treatment. One quarter of the patients suffering from
      myopericarditis with conduction disturbances--Block AV 1, 2 and Wenckebach's
      periods--had a worse prognosis.

PMID- 1223008
TI  - Pyonephrosis due to salmonella cholerae-suis variant kunzendorf.
AB  - A patient with unilateral infection of the kidney due to Salm. cholerase-suis is
      presented. Long-term treatment with ampicillin was of no avail. Nephrectomy
      terminated the infection. The extirpated kidney showed severe obstruction, stones
      and tissue damage.

PMID- 1223009
TI  - Diagnosis and importance of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults.
AB  - There are now laboratory means of screening and identifying people who, although
      they are free from the signs of urinary tract infection, fit into abnormal groups
      owing to the high numbers of bacteria and leukocytes in their urine. Chronic
      bacteriuria and pathologic pyuria, with or without symptoms, have important
      physiologic and pathologic consequences. It is the physicians opportunity to
      recognize and treat these asymptomatic as well as symtomatic urinary tract
      infections. If untreated and uncorrected the result, with progressive frequency
      over a period of 10-15 years, is increased morbidity, especially with
      pregnancies, structural damage to the kidneys, kidney stones, uremia,
      hypertension, and premature death.

PMID- 1223012
TI  - Determination of the inner surface of macroporous ion exchange resins.
AB  - Study on macroporours IX resins and the pore structure. In addition to ion
      exchange reactions, macroporous ion exchange resins also show adsorptive
      properties which are due to the large pores of the resin beads and to the inner
      surface inside the beads. To measure this surface and the pore radii requires
      very precise fixation of the condition existing prior to the drying of the water
      moist resin beads. Such stabilizing fixation can be achieved by displacing the
      regain water by isopropyl alcohol and subsequent drying for measuring the pore
      data.

PMID- 1223010
TI  - Trichinosis. A world problem with extensive sylvatic reservoirs.

PMID- 1223013
TI  - Pore flow models and their applicability.
AB  - Pore flow models are classified and concisely reviewed, and it is shown that
      despite their apparent differences, they are equivalent. It is proven that the
      difference between the classic formula of Guerout-Elford-Ferry and the most
      recent ones developed by Pappenheimer-Ussing and Kedem-Katchalsky, is due to the
      introduction of a more proper viscosity coefficient for the water inside the
      membranes in the newer formulae. Fundamental assumptions involved in the models
      are restated and criteria for their applicability are mentioned. Arguments
      regarding the fundamental validity of the pore size formulae when applied to
      tight membranes, where continum hydrodynamics become questionable, are reviewed.
      Recent theoretical analysis of the situtation by Mikulecky, where he shows the
      calculated pore size merely reflects the extent of the membrane-water interaction
      is briefly presented. It is argued that since his analysis neglects the influence
      of the membrane-water interaction on the viscosity coefficient, his treatment is
      far from conclusive. In support of this argument, the results of the Kinetic
      studies of Levitt based on direct simulation through molecular dynamics is
      presented where water molecules (considered as non-interacting hard spheres of 1A
      radius) are observed in a rigid cylindrical pores of 3.2A in radius and 11A long.
      The pore size, calculated following the procedures of pore flow models, is in
      good agreement with the physical size of the simulated pore. It is then concluded
      that the fundamental validity of the pore flow models in the case of tight
      membranes is yet unsettled, theoretically, but empirically its validity seems
      confirmed in some instances.

PMID- 1223014
TI  - Development of SIRA process for brackish water demineralization by ion exchange.

PMID- 1223015
TI  - Editorial: Hazards in polymer chemistry.

PMID- 1223016
TI  - On the properties of solid and liquid ion exchangers. II. Infrared and NMR
      studies of lithium and cesium salts of dinonylnaphtalene sulfonic acid in
      heptane.
AB  - Infrared and NMR measurements on solutions of lithium and cesium
      dinonylnaphtalene sulfonates (DNNS-salts) in heptane show that the state of water
      in these systems is in several respects similar to its state in solid ion
      exchange resins and in some respects also similar to that in ordinary water. The
      two cations differ in their interaction with the sulfonic acid group at low water
      contents, the interaction being stronger for Li+. Spin-lattice relaxation
      measurements on LiDNNS show that the state of lithium both in DNNS and in solid
      resins is quite different from that of lithium salts in aqueous solutions of the
      corresponding concentration.

PMID- 1223017
TI  - [Biomechanics and pathophysiology of the knee ligaments].

PMID- 1223018
TI  - [Pedunculated grafts in the treatment of the instable knee].

PMID- 1223019
TI  - [Free, autologous grafts in the treatment of the unstable knee].

PMID- 1223021
TI  - [Possibilities for the use of dura in ligament injuries of the knee joint].

PMID- 1223020
TI  - [Results of transplantation of homologous and heterologous tendons as ligament
      attachements in the unstable knee].

PMID- 1223022
TI  - [Evaluation of ligament injuries].

PMID- 1223023
TI  - [The unstable knee. Discussion, remarks, and recommendations of all
      participants].

PMID- 1223024
TI  - [Etiology and diagnosis of fresh ligament injuries].

PMID- 1223025
TI  - [Treatment of recent ligament injuries].

PMID- 1223026
TI  - [Recent knee ligament injuries. Discussion, remarks, and recommendations of all
      participants].

PMID- 1223027
TI  - [Rotational stability in the knee joint].

PMID- 1223028
TI  - [Untreated "unhappy triad"].

PMID- 1223029
TI  - [Biomechanics and relative ligament insufficiency of the knee joint].

PMID- 1223030
TI  - [Diagnosis in the unstable knee].

PMID- 1223031
TI  - [Examination of the knee joint].

PMID- 1223032
TI  - [Therapy of the unstable knee--an overview].

PMID- 1223033
TI  - [Physiopathology of cartilage lesions].

PMID- 1223034
TI  - [Experimental principles of cartilage transplantation].

PMID- 1223035
TI  - [Clinical use of cartilage transplantation in osteochondrosis dissecans].

PMID- 1223036
TI  - [The old cartilage lesion. Discussion and recommendations of all participants].

PMID- 1223037
TI  - [Retropatellar arthrosis (diagnosis and therapeutic review)].

PMID- 1223038
TI  - [Patellar abrasion (indication, technic, results)].

PMID- 1223039
TI  - [Splitting of the retinaculum (indication, technic, results)].

PMID- 1223040
TI  - [Antepositioning of the tibial tuberosity in chondromalacia patellae and femoro
      patellar arthrosis].

PMID- 1223041
TI  - [Arthroscopic findings in antepositioning of the tibial tuberosity].

PMID- 1223042
TI  - [Elmslie's surgical technic (indication, technic, results)].

PMID- 1223044
TI  - [Retropatellar arthroses. Discussion and recommendations of all participants].

PMID- 1223043
TI  - [Results of Bandi's antepositioning surgery of the tibial tuberosity].

PMID- 1223045
TI  - [Reactions of the hyaline articular cartilage to pressure, immobilization and
      distraction].

PMID- 1223046
TI  - [X-ray examination of cartilage lesions on the knee joint].

PMID- 1223047
TI  - [Arthroscopy in cartilage lesions of the knee joint].

PMID- 1223048
TI  - [Fresh cartilage lesions].

PMID- 1223049
TI  - [Traumatic cartilage impression on the femoral condyle].

PMID- 1223050
TI  - [Isolated cartilage abrasions on the knee joint].

PMID- 1223051
TI  - [Reconstruction of intra-articular cartilage-bone fragments on the knee joint
      using screws].

PMID- 1223052
TI  - [Physiopathology and special diagnostic procedures. The fresh cartilage lesion.
      Discussion contributions and recommendations of all participants].

PMID- 1223053
TI  - [Osteochodrosis dissecans (diagnosis and therapy)].

PMID- 1223055
TI  - [Fetal damage through coumarins].

PMID- 1223056
TI  - [Phasic and tonic activity of intestinal smooth muscle].

PMID- 1223054
TI  - [Hydrocephalus through aqueduct stenosis, recessive- genetically induced].

PMID- 1223057
TI  - [Sudden death].

PMID- 1223058
TI  - [Orthostatic hypotension as a noradrenaline deficiency symptom].

PMID- 1223059
TI  - [Cholesterol ester storage in the liver].

PMID- 1223060
TI  - ["Therapeutic possibilities of cryosurgery in urology"].

PMID- 1223062
TI  - [Introduction into the basic principles and practical evaluation of immunologic
      pregnancy tests].

PMID- 1223063
TI  - [Phenobarbital therapy in hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn infant].

PMID- 1223064
TI  - [Classification of amenorrhea following functional aspects].

PMID- 1223061
TI  - [Clinical and histological aspects of mucoepidermoid tumors of the salivary
      glands].

PMID- 1223065
TI  - Pattern of motor neurone disease in the young in North India.

PMID- 1223066
TI  - Clinical experiences with a new anticonvulsant Ro 5-4023 (clonazepam-Rivotrilr).

PMID- 1223067
TI  - Psychiatric symptoms and personality traits in extrinsic and intrinsic
      asthmatics.

PMID- 1223068
TI  - Nutritional osteomalacia associated with primary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 1223069
TI  - Exchange transfusion and corticosteroids in the treatment of acute viral
      hepatitis hepatic coma.

PMID- 1223070
TI  - Prolonged hepatocellular (medical) jaundice in northern India: a profile.

PMID- 1223071
TI  - Ammonia and fructose tolerance tests in cirrhosis of liver.

PMID- 1223072
TI  - Haematological findings in beta-thalassaemia trait.

PMID- 1223073
TI  - Role of pacemaker therapy in heart block complicating acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1223074
TI  - Eelectrocardiographic changes in cerbera odollum poisoning.

PMID- 1223075
TI  - Editorial: Spinal muscular atrophy.

PMID- 1223076
TI  - Editorial: Beta-thalassemia minor--heterozygous beta thalassemia.

PMID- 1223077
TI  - Toxoplasmosis in an adult presenting as paraparesis (a case report).

PMID- 1223078
TI  - Zoster myelitis (a case report).

PMID- 1223080
TI  - [Conference on problems posed by tritium organized by the Belgian Association for
      Radioprotection at Brussels, December 7, 1974].

PMID- 1223079
TI  - [The 3d generation of brightness amplifiers].

PMID- 1223081
TI  - [Production of tritium in nuclear reactors].

PMID- 1223082
TI  - [Management of tritium produced by energy centers].

PMID- 1223083
TI  - [Transfer in the biological cycle of tritium wastes].

PMID- 1223084
TI  - Effects of tritium on the human organism.

PMID- 1223085
TI  - [Uses of tritium. Its production and problems posed by its use in the
      laboratory].

PMID- 1223086
TI  - [Basic standards of radioprotection and derived limits for tritium].

PMID- 1223087
TI  - [Experimental study on tritium incorporation in the tissues and DNA of mammals].

PMID- 1223088
TI  - [Absence of in vitro reaction between 2,4,6-triiodo-3-carboxanilide (Biligram)
      and paraprotein IgM].

PMID- 1223089
TI  - [Opacification of the biliary tract. Journees Francaises de Radiology, Paris,
      November, 1974].

PMID- 1223090
TI  - [Angiography of splenic metastases in a case of bronchial neoplasm].

PMID- 1223091
TI  - Belgian Radiological Society. Radiology of aseptic necrosis of bone.

PMID- 1223092
TI  - Radiological features in Reiter's disease.

PMID- 1223093
TI  - [Arteriographic diagnosis of parathyroid neoplasms].

PMID- 1223095
TI  - [Significance of a comparative clinical, angiographic and scintigraphic study of
      a case of bilateral thrombosis of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1223094
TI  - [Radiological syndrome of alveolar filling].

PMID- 1223097
TI  - [Classification of laryngeal cancers].

PMID- 1223096
TI  - [Comparative radiation dosage by computerized transverse axial tomography and
      conventional neuroradiological studies].

PMID- 1223098
TI  - Experimental study of long term renal tracer accumulation.

PMID- 1223099
TI  - [300 pancreatic studies by means of electronic subtraction with the linear
      scintigraph].

PMID- 1223100
TI  - [The localization of angiographic studies of tumors of the left hypochondrium].

PMID- 1223101
TI  - [Reliability of lymphography in testis tumors. Report by the commission on testis
      tumors].

PMID- 1223102
TI  - [Principles of architectural and functional organization of a radiodiagnostic
      service in a hospital environment].

PMID- 1223103
TI  - [Dosimetry of large irregular fields].

PMID- 1223104
TI  - Calibration of dosimeters.

PMID- 1223105
TI  - Calorimetric standard device for measurement of absorbed dose for high energy
      photons and electrons.

PMID- 1223106
TI  - Absolute exposure measurements in the Netherlands in the 10-250 kV x-ray region
      and for 60Co-gamma rays.

PMID- 1223107
TI  - The new special names of SI units in the field of ionizing radiations.

PMID- 1223108
TI  - Fundamentals of scintiscanning--a refresher course.

PMID- 1223109
TI  - [Recent progress in the field of non steroid antiinflammatory drugs (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1223110
TI  - [Paraneoplastic osteoarticular syndromes].

PMID- 1223111
TI  - [Clinical and biological control of anti-inflammatory drug efficiency (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1223112
TI  - [The polyalgic adaptation syndrome defined in 1961. Association with other
      rheumatic manifestations. Diagnostic and therapeutic errors].

PMID- 1223113
TI  - [The painful reaction in old fractures during the cure at Aix-les-Bains].

PMID- 1223114
TI  - [Kinesitherapy in Dupuytren's disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1223115
TI  - [On the mode of action of mob bath from Spa (author's transl)].

PMID- 1223116
TI  - [Urinary secretion of hydroxyproline in early stages of adjuvant arthritis in the
      rat].

PMID- 1223118
TI  - [Subluxation of the atlas in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1223117
TI  - [Uncoupling properties on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of non
      steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (author's transl)].

PMID- 1223120
TI  - Pattern recognition in severe displacement of the thalamostriate and internal
      cerebral veins: the W and infinity signs.
AB  - Severe displacement of the thalamostriate and internal cerebral veins from the
      midline results in an unfamiliar distortion of these vessels arteriographically.
      Depending on the side of the mass effect, the thalamostriate-internal cerebral
      vein complex will have either an infinity (infinity) or a W configuration.
      Because these configurations appear frequently, recognition and understanding of
      them aid in the interpretation of cerebral arteriograms.

PMID- 1223119
TI  - [On a case of lupus erythematosus disseminatus, with osteonecrosis of the head of
      the femur (author's transl)].

PMID- 1223121
TI  - The hypertelorism-hypospadias syndrome.
AB  - Recently, an association between telecanthus and/or hypertelorism and hypospadias
      has been reported in several families. We describe six more families in whom we
      have found this association. Seven of the eight affected individuals were males.
      The other was a girl with hypertelorism and a minor urethral abnormality. The
      mothers in all six families had hypertelorism and/or telecanthus. Mental
      retardation and cleft palate were also common in our families and those reported
      previously. The radiologic findings in our first family, which was reported
      elsewhere as the "branchio-skeletal-genital syndrome," are considered in detail
      and include skull abnormalities, maxillary hypoplasia, dentigerous cysts and
      vertebral abnormalities.

PMID- 1223122
TI  - Skeletal metastases from retinoblastoma.
AB  - Four patients with skeletal metastases from retinoblastomas are presented.
      Radiologically, the metastases showed periosteal new bone formation and
      permeative-type bone destruction, particularly involving the long bones of the
      extremities, and they tended to be bilateral. The metastases resembled those of
      neuroblastoma and, to a lesser extent, medulloblastoma. The relationship between
      these three tumors is discussed.

PMID- 1223123
TI  - The interphalangeal joint of the great toe in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The radiographic abnormalities of the interphalangeal joint of the great toe in
      50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were compared with those in 14 patients
      with psoriatic arthritis. Alterations were seen in 50% of the rheumatoid joints.
      Characteristic superficial erosions along the medial aspect of the proximal and
      distal phalanges, with little change in the joint space, differed from more
      widespread and extensive destruction of this joint in psoriasis. In addition,
      periosteal proliferation, bony ankylosis and tuft resorption, frequently noted in
      psoriatic arthritis, were unusual in rheumatoid disease. An anatomic
      investigation of the interphalangeal joint of the great toe explains the sites of
      marginal erosions in rheumatoid arthritis. Although selective involvement of this
      articulation occurs in psoriatic arthritis and Reiter's syndrome, it is the
      radiographic pattern of articular abnormality which allows their differentiation
      from rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1223124
TI  - Blunt trauma to the main hepatic artery.
AB  - Two patients are presented who sustained common hepatic artery injuries secondary
      to blunt trauma. One patient had a laceration and thrombosis of the proximal
      hepatic artery while the second patient developed a false aneurysm with
      dissection which necessitated ligation of the hepatic artery.

PMID- 1223125
TI  - Radiographic appearances following the Thal procedure.
AB  - The Thal procedure for repair of distal esophageal stricture is described briefly
      and the radiographic appearance is ilustrated. The radiologist should be aware of
      the procedure to avoid confusing the post-operative appearance with a para
      esophageal hiatus hernia or diaphragmatic eventration.

PMID- 1223126
TI  - Polyphosphate bone scanning of non-malignant bone disease in children.
AB  - The advent of 99mTechnetium phosphate bone scanning radiopharmaceuticals has
      opened new methods of investigation of pediatric bone diseases. In axial skeleton
      pain, suspected osteomyelitis, evaluation of vascular integrity and suspected but
      undetected fractures, the bone scan has proved to be a highly complementary study
      to the radiologic examination.

PMID- 1223127
TI  - Prepyloric mucosal diaphragm.
AB  - The present case of PPMD is reported as an example of gastric outlet obstruction
      which did not produce overt symptoms until a lifespan of more than eight decades
      had elapsed; yet this lesion is considered to be congenital in origin. The
      clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of this entity were discussed, based
      on the present and other reported cases. Under clinical conditions in which the
      more usual causes of gastric outlet obstruction are not apparent, awareness of
      this anomaly may be of great significance in the management since simple excision
      of the membrane is curative.

PMID- 1223128
TI  - [Venous bypass on the opposite side (Palma's operation). Preoperative evaluation.
      Technical variants. Indications and results].
AB  - Permanent obstruction of an iliac vein may produce serious consequences. Palma's
      operation of inter-femoral transposition of the internal saphenous vein on the
      opposite side, has permitted numerous improvements, but may lead to 30 p. 100
      failures. Temporary arterial blood supply to the area increases the operative
      risk and requires a second stage operation for suppression of the fistula, but it
      maintains permeability of the by-pass, if correctly performed. The indications
      should thus be drawn up with circumspection and one may regret that such
      extensive venous lesions had not been prevented or treated actively as soon as
      they started to develop.

PMID- 1223129
TI  - [Total pancreatectomy in acute necrotizing hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Indications
      and technic].
AB  - The place of total pancreatectomy in the treatment of pancreatitis is still ill-
      defined. The author makes a plea for this operation and notes the indications,
      the surgical technique and its results and possible complications. The operation
      is indicated in cases of total or 2/3 rds necrosis of the gland, in cases
      involving the head of the pancreas and part of the body. The gland should be
      dissected out and continuity should be restored by choledoco-jejunal and gastro
      jejunal anastomoses. The important thing is to carry out this operation early,
      between the 3rd and 6th day, treating the areas of necrosis before the lesions
      become the site of uncontrolled infection. 7 patients out of 9 operated on in
      this way, are alive with easily controlled diabetes, a low fat diet and
      pancreatic extract.

PMID- 1223130
TI  - [Use of the Doppler effect in pathology and vascular surgery of the lower
      extremities].
AB  - A clinical, arteriographic and hemodynamic comparative study, using the Doppler
      effect in 100 cases, suggests: -- that a study of the Doppler effect is a very
      useful method of diagnosis to determine the site of obstruction and the state of
      the blood vessels beyond the obstruction, even in the absence of adequate
      radiological images; -- following operation, it permits one to assess a case of
      thrombosis, even when the latter is not obvious clinically. It makes unnecessary
      post-operative arteriographic controls in tired or high-risk patients.

PMID- 1223131
TI  - [Post-traumatic pancreatitis with left pyelo-pancreatic fistula].
AB  - The authors report a case of special anatomical interest and emphasize the
      frequency of post-traumatic pancreatitis, the importance of cutaneous and joint
      manifestations revealing certain pancreatic diseases.

PMID- 1223132
TI  - [Development of treatment of severe thoracic injuries].
AB  - About 25 p. 100 of cases of closed trauma of the thorax may be classified as
      severe, for they rapidly endanger life. Their treatment has made considerable
      progress since the report of J. Dor and H. Le Brigand in 1960. However, when
      severe trauma is treated, the mortality has remained unchanged over the last ten
      years. The treatment of fractures of the sternum includes respiratory assistance
      and internal fixation of the fractured bones, these two methods together, when
      correctly applied, give good results. Endothoracic lesions are now better
      recognised. Hemothorax and pneumothorax are now treated by a well recognised
      method. Visceral lesions, such as bronchial rupture, or major vascular ruptures,
      e.g. aorta, and heart lesions may be diagnosed at an early stage and be operated
      on more often. On the other hand, it is now better recognised that diffuse
      pulmonary lesions, e.g. pulmonary contusions or "shock lung", which is usually
      treated by artificial respiration alone, still may have a poor prognosis in some
      cases. From this it results that many surgical teams have enlarged the
      indications for early thoracotomy in the same way as laparotomy is more often
      carried out in abdominal trauma. In fact, these indications require
      circumspection and thoracotomy should only be carried out in specialised thoracic
      surgery units. If this is not available, aspiration, drainage, tracheotomy,
      continuous extension, are still applicable, but it is also necessary for them to
      be carried out correctly; if not, failures and complications of these minor
      measures are frequent. The use of these methods has shown the existence of
      therapeutic failures, including major bilateral bony lesions, diffuse severe lung
      injuries with resistant anoxia, complex multiple injuries with thoracic
      involvement and, finally, combined thoracic and cranial lesions, the mortality of
      which is about 50 p. 100. These facts explain why treatment of severe thoracic
      trauma gives variable results. The mortality varies from 12 to 15 p. 100, in some
      series up to 50 or 60 p. 100 These discrepancies may be explained by different
      modes of recruitment of the services, some of which receive a large number of
      very severe cases of multiple injury with a high mortality. However, over the
      last 15 years, one may consider that the general prognosis of severe thoracic
      trauma has improved considerably.

PMID- 1223133
TI  - [Chronic familial pancreatitis (6 cases, 3 families)].
AB  - The authors report 6 cases of chronic familial pancreatitis. They review the
      literature on this disease which is still little recognised and seek the specific
      characteristics, early onset, transmission as an autosomic dominant with
      incomplete penetrance, relatively favourable prognosis, together with the
      suggestive signs, pancreatic lithiasis and certain complications. Apart from
      these signs, chronic familial pancreatitis differs very little from common
      chronic pancreatitis. The only cause is apparently genetic. Etiopathogenesis is
      thus still obscure. Treatment should be started early, but surgical methods are
      the same as in primary chronic pancreatitis.

PMID- 1223134
TI  - [Paraplegia caused by closed injury of the dorso-lumbar joint without apparent
      primary vertebral lesion].
AB  - Paraplegia due to closed trauma of the lumbo-dorsal junction, without bony
      lesions are exceptional. The author reports a case due to rupture of the
      posterior ligements, without vertebral displacement on the first films, but which
      became complicated secondarily by dislocation, which it was necessary to reduce
      by open operation. It thus seems that there occurred during this accident a
      marked vertebral displacement reponsible for paraplegia which became
      spontaneously reduced thanks to muscle contraction, but which recurred
      secondarily following muscular relaxation. This case illustrates the necessity
      for repeated X Rays in cases of marked lumbar trauma even if the initial films
      appear normal.

PMID- 1223135
TI  - [Indications and results of surgical treatment of diabetic arteriopathy (apropos
      of 196 cases)].

PMID- 1223137
TI  - [Technical modification in colpohysterectomies for prolapsus: reinforcement of
      perineorrhaphy by paravaginal suture].
AB  - After colpohysterectomy and myorrhaphy of the levator ani muscles for prolapse,
      there persists a weak point between the utero-sacral ligaments attached behind
      the pubic symphysis and the levator ani muscles. The author describes a technical
      device permitting one to fill this gap by suturing the two fascia on each side of
      the vagina.

PMID- 1223138
TI  - Stimulation of the cell-free adenylate cyclase from guinea pig cerebral cortex by
      acidic amino acids and veratridine.
AB  - Vesicles from guinea pig cerebral cortex prepared by homogenization in Krebs
      Ringer buffer contained adenylate cyclase activity which was stimulated by the
      acidic amino acids, cysteine sulfinic and glutamic acids, and by norepinephrine
      as well as by an alkaloid, veratridine. With these vesicular preparations the
      concentrations of amino acids required for half-maximal stimulation were about 30
      muM, only about 1/30 those necessary with intact-cell preparations. Nearly
      additive effects were observed when either of the active amino acids was combined
      with norepinephrine at their optimal concentrations.

PMID- 1223136
TI  - [Energy and protein needs of surgical patients].
AB  - Energy and protein requirements following operation, are those levels which
      permit the best possible use of fatty and protein body reserves, without the
      resistance to trauma becoming diminished. The fatty reserves in a 70 kg man,
      correspond to 72 000 calories and require, to be used without danger of acidosis,
      100 or, preferably, 200 g of glucose daily. Energy expenditure may be about 1 200
      calories, thus much less than one would think. Fat does not have the antiketosis
      effects, nor the nitrogen sparing effects of glucose and their interest in
      raising calory intake has not been demonstrated. There is a level of nitrogen
      intake of about 20 to 30 g of protein, below which, nitrogen balance becomes
      rapidly negative and one then has to increase considerably the protein intake to
      80 or 90 g to restore nitrogen balance. 200 g of carbohydrate, then 20 to 30 g of
      amino-acid, provide a calory intake of 900, easily administrable by the
      parenteral route, without the danger of bacteremia with more hypertonic solutions
      in infected operated patients. Higher calory intakes are only indicated in
      multiple trauma and burns.

PMID- 1223139
TI  - Involvement of adenylate cyclase in mechanisms of denervation supersensitivity
      following surgical denervation of the dog heart.
AB  - Following surgical disruption (4-16 weeks) of the nerves supplying the dog heart,
      catecholamine (norepinephrine and epinephrine) levels in the atria and ventricles
      were markedly reduced. Using the 10,000 g particulate fraction as an enzyme
      source, the activation of adenylate cyclase by norepinephrine was considerably
      greater in the denervated myocardial preparations (atria and ventricles) than in
      control hearts. Moreover, in the denervated ventricular preparation fluoride (5
      and 10mM) elicited a significantly greater stimulation of the enzyme than that
      observed in the controls.

PMID- 1223140
TI  - Long standing erythematous scaly plaque on the hand.

PMID- 1223141
TI  - Biopsy technique for malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1223142
TI  - Basal-cell carcinomas of the eyelids: pitfalls in diagnosis and therapy.

PMID- 1223143
TI  - Excision versus curettage and electrodesiccation as dermatologic office
      procedures for the treatment of basal-cell carcinomas.

PMID- 1223144
TI  - Doctor, may I have a word with you?

PMID- 1223145
TI  - Evaluation of potential bleeding problems in dermatologic surgery.

PMID- 1223146
TI  - New instruments for use in hair transplants techniques.

PMID- 1223147
TI  - Recurrent basal cell carcinomas in young women.

PMID- 1223148
TI  - Maxillofacial prosthetics: in theory and practice.

PMID- 1223149
TI  - Benign juvenile melanoma (Spitz nevus) vs. superficial spreading malignant
      melanoma: criteria for histologic differentiation.

PMID- 1223150
TI  - Solitary nodule of the foot.

PMID- 1223151
TI  - Mohs' surgery--fresh tissue technique.

PMID- 1223152
TI  - Squamous-cell carcinoma of the finger and nail bed: a review of the literature
      and treatment by the Mohs' surgical technique.
AB  - Squamous-cell carcinomas of the finger and the nail bed are uncommon lesions.
      Etiologic factors, clinical and histological morphology and treatment modalities
      of squamous-cell carcinomas, specifically of the hand digits, are discussed. Six
      new cases of squamous-cell carcinomas of the finger and nail bed treated by the
      Mohs' surgical technique are presented. The advantages of this modality are
      outlined. A review of the relevant literature with detailed references is
      included.

PMID- 1223153
TI  - Giant keratoacanthoma: a problem in diagnosis and management.

PMID- 1223154
TI  - Alternate cryogens for cryosurgery.
AB  - There is need for a storable cryogen suitable for use in dermatological
      cryosurgery as an alternate for the standard nonstorable cryogen now used (liquid
      nitrogen). Argon gas was tested and found satisfactory, but has not proved to be
      commercially feasible. Nitrous oxide apparatus is now available but is of limited
      usefulness. Various freons (fluorinated hydrocarbons) present possibilities for
      our use. Although they are incapable of producing the degree of cold and depth of
      penetration attainable with liquid nitrogen apparatus, they can be used to treat
      the vast majority of lesions now treated by cryosurgery in an office-based
      dermatological practice. Freons 12, 22 and 13, alone or mixed with other gases,
      have been tested. Freon 22 seems the most practical for general dermatologic
      cryosurgery. Although these gases are considered relatively non-toxic, at this
      time we really do not know their total noxious capabilities.

PMID- 1223155
TI  - A new simplified cryosurgical instrument: the Foster Froster.
AB  - The authors report in detail the development of a simplified, yet highly
      efficient cryosurgical instrument. It is lightweight, portable, inexpensive, and
      easy to use. Studies show it to be comparable in most instances to a popular
      contemporary unit. Its chief drawback appears to be that it cannot serve as a
      liquid nitrogen reservoir for extended periods, although it can be used for
      multiple procedures without re-filling.

PMID- 1223156
TI  - Beginning dermatologic surgery: an essay.

PMID- 1223157
TI  - Use of local anesthetics in dermatology.

PMID- 1223158
TI  - Dermatology abroad: Switzerland.

PMID- 1223159
TI  - Facial surgery and local anesthesia.

PMID- 1223160
TI  - Recurring basal-cell carcinoma following Mohs' surgery.

PMID- 1223161
TI  - Histographic surgery: accuracy of visual assessment of the margins of basal-cell
      epithelioma.
AB  - In 72 basal-cell epitheliomas, the clinical extension and the actual extension of
      the defect measured by complete tumor removal by Mohs' chemosurgery were
      compared. Subclinical extension depends on the type of basal-cell epithelioma
      (primary, recurrent), on case history, location, clinical diameter, number of
      previous treatments and histological type. It is remarkably great in large
      (diameter more than 20 mm), in morphea-like basal-cell epitheliomas on the
      forehead, temple and scalp, especially following several previous treatments. In
      such cases the excision should include at least a 5-10 mm margin of "normal
      tissue." Present results again show that "histographic," that is, Mohs'
      chemosurgery is the method of choice for the treatment for these tumors.

PMID- 1223162
TI  - Cryosurgery of skin cancer--in proper perspective.

PMID- 1223163
TI  - Advantages of the electric power driven punch in hair transplants.

PMID- 1223164
TI  - Effects of electrosurgery on cardiac pacemakers.

PMID- 1223165
TI  - Treatment of ulcers on the legs with hyperbaric oxygen.

PMID- 1223166
TI  - Use of local anesthetics in dermatology.

PMID- 1223167
TI  - Surgery of sebaceous cysts.

PMID- 1223168
TI  - Letter: Local anesthetics.

PMID- 1223169
TI  - Cutaneous pseudolymphoma vs cutaneous malignant lymphoma criteria for histologic
      differentiation.

PMID- 1223170
TI  - Ulcerated tumor developing in a lymphedematous leg.

PMID- 1223171
TI  - Trichoepithelioma vs. basal-cell carcinoma: criteria for histologic
      differentiation.

PMID- 1223172
TI  - Complications in the treatment of hemangiomas.

PMID- 1223173
TI  - Observations on a new absorbable suture material.

PMID- 1223174
TI  - Spot dermabrasion, a useful minor surgical procedure.

PMID- 1223175
TI  - The practical use of Z-plasty.
AB  - Properly employed, Z-plasty is a valuable way of avoiding complications of
      tension and contracture that may result in hypertrophic scars, and for repairing
      such scars if they occur. Careful preoperative planning to place the limbs of the
      Z in the lines of least tension and to make limbs of equal length at 60 degree
      angles to the central limb are essential to success. Cautious handling of the
      flaps and attention to hemostasis helps to ensure that success. Occasionally, Z
      plasty has to be resorted to unplanned when it is found that an excision will
      result in tension exceeding expectations if primary closure were to be done.

PMID- 1223176
TI  - Treatment of depressed scars with fibrin foam--seventeen years of experience.

PMID- 1223177
TI  - Excisions in the area of the chin--a clinical note.
AB  - Elective excisions on the face below the mouth and on the sides of the chin
      appear to yield better results when the wrinkle lines radiating out from the lips
      are utilized. Smile wrinkle lines appear to be less useful as demonstrated in the
      two cases presented.

PMID- 1223178
TI  - Latent iron deficiency in a sample of normal Egyptians.

PMID- 1223179
TI  - Effect of B-blockers on the hepatic blood flow in bilharzial hepatosplenomegaly.

PMID- 1223180
TI  - Ischaemic colitis. Study of 17 cases.

PMID- 1223181
TI  - Effect of I.V. glucose load on blood glucose, pyruvate and lactate levels in
      cirrhotics.

PMID- 1223182
TI  - Genu varum and external genicular torsion deformities and their relationship to
      gonarthrosis in Egypt.

PMID- 1223183
TI  - Serum glycoproteins in hepatic bilharziasis.

PMID- 1223184
TI  - Oesophageal motor functions in scleroderma.

PMID- 1223185
TI  - The incidence of ocular complications in meningococcal meningitis.

PMID- 1223186
TI  - Urinary vanyl mandelic acid (VMA) in tetanus.

PMID- 1223187
TI  - The effect of gentamicin on neuromuscular transmission.

PMID- 1223188
TI  - The value of the skin test in the diagnosis of bilharziasis in Egypt.

PMID- 1223190
TI  - Blood coagulation in renal failure.

PMID- 1223189
TI  - The polyanthelmintic efficacy of pyrantel pamoate.

PMID- 1223191
TI  - Optic atrophy following measles encephalitis.

PMID- 1223192
TI  - Maternal and foetal serum calcium and phosphate levels in normal and abnormal
      pregnancy.

PMID- 1223194
TI  - Toxic deafness. I. Histological study of the effect of arsenic, salicylates and
      quinine, on the organ of Corti of guinea pigs.

PMID- 1223193
TI  - Eosinophilic granuloma of bone.

PMID- 1223196
TI  - In vitro discrimination of triple tracers.

PMID- 1223195
TI  - Toxic deafness. II. The effect of arsenic, salicylates and quinine on choline
      esterase activity in the blood and temporal lobe of guinea pigs.

PMID- 1223197
TI  - The effect of liver disease on the serum iron, total iron binding capacity and
      percentage transferrin saturation in iron deficiency anaemia.

PMID- 1223198
TI  - Blood lipids in infantile rickets.

PMID- 1223199
TI  - Elastic tissue of the vagina in genital prolapse. A morphological study.

PMID- 1223200
TI  - A trial of diphenylhydantoin in periodic disease (familial Mediterranean fever)
      in Egyptian children.

PMID- 1223201
TI  - Insecticidal poisoning simulating violent asphyxia.

PMID- 1223202
TI  - Sputum picture in workers at an Egyptian asbestos-cement pipe factory.

PMID- 1223203
TI  - Control of echolalic speech in psychotic children.
AB  - Immediate echolalia, a common language disorder in psychotic children, was
      studied in a series of replicated single-subject designs across six schizophrenic
      and five normal children. In Experiment 1, each child was presented with several
      questions and commands, some of which set the occasion for specific, appropriate
      responses and some of which did not. The former were referred to as
      discriminative stimuli and the latter, as neutral stimuli. The psychotic children
      tended to echo the neutral stimuli while responding appropriately to the
      discriminative stimuli; the normal children, in contrast, typically echoed
      neither type of stimulus. In Experiment 2, three psychotic children were taught
      appropriate responses to each of several neutral stimuli. Following this
      training, the children generally responded appropriately to these stimuli without
      echoing. A plausible interpretation of these results is that the neutral stimuli
      were initially incomprehensible or meaningless to the children (whereas the
      discriminative stimuli were comprehensible or meaningful) and that verbal
      incomprehensibility may be one important determinant of immediate echolalia.
      Finally, the results are noteworthy in that they isolate a sufficient treatment
      variable (i.e., the reinforcement of alternative, nonecholalic responses) for
      eliminating instances of this language anomaly.

PMID- 1223205
TI  - Editorial: The meaning of routine work.

PMID- 1223204
TI  - Normal versus deviant children. A multimethod comparison.
AB  - The present study investigated differences between referred and nonreferred
      children and their families on the basis of home and clinic observations and
      parent questionnaires. Subjects were 28 families with children between 4 and 8
      years of age who had been referred to a clinic for acting-out behavior and 28
      nonreferred controls matched on several variables. Home observation results
      indicated that referred children showed significantly more deviant behavior and
      less prosocial behavior than nonreferred children and that their parents emitted
      more negative and commanding behavior in contrast to the control group.
      Systematic observation in the clinic revealed significant differences only in
      parent negativeness and number of commands. Finally, all five factors of the
      parent attitude questionnaire yielded large and significant differences between
      groups. There was considerable overlap between groups on all behavior variables
      but less overlap on the parent attitude measure. Results from a stepwise
      discriminant analysis classified 90% of referred children and 90% of nonreferred
      children correctly on the basis of the parent attitude variable alone. Taken
      together, these results suggest that child behavior is not always the critical
      variable in referral and stress the importance of multiple assessment procedures
      for child-family problems when children are referred for treatment.

PMID- 1223206
TI  - Aerobic work capacity of mentally retarded boys and girls in junior high schools.
AB  - The maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2 max) and ergometer load at a heart rate of 170
      beats/min (PWC170) were determined in mentally retarded children (74 boys and 53
      girls) of ages 12-15, whose IQ ranged from 36 to 91, and the results were
      compared with those for normal children. Mentally retarded boys and girls showed
      significantly inferior body height and weight, but no significant difference was
      found in skinfold thickness. The mean value of PWC170 for boys and girls was
      14.34 kpm/kg/min and 11.31 kpm/kg/min, respectively, significantly less than that
      of the normal group. The mentally retarded boys had mean VO2 max per unit body
      weight of 42.4 ml/kg/min, which was significantly less than the 51.2 ml/kg/min of
      normal boys. The mentally retarded girls had a mean of 33.1 ml/kg/min which was
      also less than the 41.3 ml/kg/min of normal girls. The correlation coefficient
      between body weight and PWC170 (kpm/min) was 0.711 and 0.720 for boys and girls,
      respectively, while that between body weight and VO2 max (liter/min) was 0.641
      for boys and 0.656 for girls. No significant correlation was found between IQ and
      PWC170 (kpm/kg/min) nor between IQ and VO2 max (ml/kg/min) both for boys and for
      girls. Similarly, no significant correlation was found between mental age and the
      VO2 max value (ml/kg/min).

PMID- 1223207
TI  - Physiological parameters related to running performance in college trackmen.
AB  - Submaximal and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2) and heart rate (HR) were
      correlated with running performance in events ranging from 100 yards to 2 miles,
      using as subjects 20 members of a college track team. In the first of two studies
      (n=11) a multi-stage walking test was used to determine VO2 and HR. Max VO2
      expressed in ml/kg/min, was significantly related to 1 mile run performance but
      not to any of the other runs. Submaximal HR was significantly related to
      performance in both the 1 mile and 2 mile runs. Correlations between these
      physiological parameters and performance in the 220, 440, and 880 yard runs were
      nonsignificant. Multiple R's using max VO2 (ml/kg/min) and submaximal H were .758
      and 9671, respectively, for the 1 and 2 mile runs. In study two (n=9) a running
      test for VO2 and HR was used, which resulted in a mean max VO2 about 7 ml higher
      than than elicited in the walking test, implying that for trained runners a
      running test was a more valid test of aerobic power. Marked relationships were
      found between body weight and performance, positive for the 100 yard dash and
      negative for the 2 mile run. Submaximal HR was again significantly related to
      performance in the 1 and 2 mile runs. Max VO2 was positively related to 2 mile
      performance and negatively related to 100 yard dash performance. Multiple R's
      using max VO2 and submaximal HR were .799 and .925 for the 1 and 2 mile runs,
      respectively. Using submaximal HR and weight the multiple R's were .777 and .945,
      showing that these two can account for a large amount of the variance in distance
      running performance. In neither study was submaximal VO2 significantly related to
      running performance.

PMID- 1223208
TI  - Free physical movements during waiting while standing and sitting.
AB  - Man's habitual physical movements in a daily life situation while waiting for
      someone in front of a railway station in either a standing or sitting posture
      were studied. The free movements of 113 male and 171 female standing subjects and
      236 male and 67 female sitting subjects were recorded for a period of three
      minutes by commentary using a tape recorder. The mean frequency of spontaneous
      movements was 13.8/min during standing and 14.3/min during sitting, the neck and
      lower limb movements being frequent in the former and the neck and upper limb
      movements in the latter. Males smoked, yawned, and crossed their legs more often
      than females. Any physical movement was most frequently followed by cessation of
      movements. Kinds of movements following a preceding motion proved almost
      independent from the type of the preceding one. Most of such movements ended
      within 2.5 sec, scarcely lasting for longer than 30 sec, while about 90% of the
      periods of being still were shorter than 15 sec. It is suggested that most of
      spontaneous physical movements in waiting occurred independently and were
      intercalated between short pure rest periods.

PMID- 1223209
TI  - Serial determination of cardiac output during prolonged work by a CO2-rebreathing
      technique.
AB  - Cardiac outputs were calculated on eight male college students while walking on a
      treadmill at controlled heart rate levels. The heart rate levels were maintained
      through the use of a heart rate controller (Quinton Model AI-607), standard
      deviations for heart rate in beats/min ranged from +/-2.1 at the heart rate level
      110 to +/-3.2 at 170. Test-retest correlations of the cardiac output values at
      the various heart rate levels were: at heart rate 110, 0.66 after 7 min and 0.85
      at 30 min; at heart rate 150, 0.92 after 7 min and 0.68 at 30 min; at heart rate
      130, 0.97 after 7 min, and at heart rate 170, 0.85 after 7 min. The calculated
      cardiac output values when plotted against oxygen uptake compare favorably with
      published reports. The data collected demonstrate that the CO2-rebreathing method
      used in the present investigation provides a reliable bloodless technique for
      determining multiple cardiac output during prolonged work of varied intensities.

PMID- 1223210
TI  - The mechanism of generation and transmission of forces in leg extension.
AB  - This paper deals with the mechanical and electromyographic evaluation of the
      mechanism generating and transmitting the resultant leg extension force by
      maximal isometric contraction in two directions, the knee and hip joint being
      kept at 90 degrees. The two directions were a) from the center of gravity of the
      body to the ankle joint and b) from a point near the knee to the ankle. Six male
      subjects in a supine position exerted a maximal leg extension force of 47-112 kg
      for a) and 51-73 kg for b). These values were close to the smaller values of two
      forces estimated at the knee and at the hip from maximal isometric forces at the
      corresponding joint of the same joint angle. It was thus suggested that the joint
      limiting the resultant leg extension force was the knee for a) and the hip for
      b). The single joint muscles exhibited almost maximal activities when they
      concerned the joint which limited the resultant leg extension force. The double
      joint muscles were often contracted only moderately during the maximal isometric
      leg extension, indicating a different role of double joint muscles even at the
      maximal force production at a particular joint.

PMID- 1223211
TI  - The geneis and mechanism of human error in accidents resulting latent danger.
AB  - Six accidental cases caused by overlooking latent environmental danger were
      analyzed and the geneses and mechanism of the human error involved were
      discussed. In all cases detection of the danger was easy or indications by some
      warning were distinct. In a typical case, a lineman, after cleaning the
      insulators of a suspended line, proceeded toward the danger zone of another line
      charged with current on reaching the ground. He disregarded the warning flag, and
      received a shock and fell to the ground. It was also common in all the other
      cases that victims were conducting relatively easy or habitual activities and
      responded, being almost unaware of the unusual physical characteristics of the
      environment, to its more apparent aspects. These errors were relevant to
      experimental results by the author that subjects had great difficulty in
      identifying the rule of presentation of signal figures if the key item and the
      rule, either serial or positional, were different from foregoing trials. It is
      suggested that an individual fails to see an external object that has little
      function  value in regard to the content of the current behavior under influence
      of personal habitual experiences and the theories of human error need to be
      reconstruct as the basis of ecological knowledge about them.

PMID- 1223212
TI  - Incidence of near accidental drowsing in locomotive driving during a period of
      rotation.
AB  - The incidence of drowsings as a cause of near traffic accidents was studied on
      the basis of daily recordings or near accidental events by 288 locomotive drivers
      during a rotation period of 2-3 weeks. Of 198 near accidents reported during
      2,290 trips, 34 cases, or 1,5 cases per 100 trips, were operation missess
      involving drowsing or strong drowsiness. Improper operation due to drowsing
      occurred at a certain rate for any group of drivers, irrespective of the type of
      train, running sections, weather, and other operative conditions such as train
      delays, whereas 117 cases of danger caused by unforeseen obstacles on the track
      were related to site characteristics, and 47 cases of other disorders were
      frequent in unusual operative conditions such as arrival-departure, poor signal
      display, wrong instructions, or equipment failure. Thus continued driving under
      ordinary track conditions at a more or less constant speed was likely to induce
      drowsiness under the dominant influences of fatigue and time of the day; 79% of
      such cases occurred between midnight and 6 a.m. Most drowsings on the second
      night appeared during the first 2-4 hr of duty. Effects of monotony and
      insufficient rest were discussed in relation to recurrent fluctuation in
      vigilance.

PMID- 1223213
TI  - Letter: A follow-up study on the onset of vibration hazards affecting forestry
      workers.

PMID- 1223214
TI  - Letter: Considerations on field experiments.

PMID- 1223215
TI  - Letter: Significance of research results on human subjects.

PMID- 1223217
TI  - Facial fibrous dysplasia of the maxilla.

PMID- 1223216
TI  - Immunisation schedule in paediatric practice.

PMID- 1223218
TI  - Strangulated obturator hernia.

PMID- 1223219
TI  - Hospitals in America.

PMID- 1223221
TI  - Abdominal tuberculosis with special reference to pathological aspects.

PMID- 1223220
TI  - Typhoid perforation treated by closure and proximal side to side ileotransverse
      colostomy.

PMID- 1223222
TI  - Crossed renal ectopia.

PMID- 1223223
TI  - Tuberculous stricture of duodenum.

PMID- 1223224
TI  - Ampicillin induced erythema annulare centrifugum.

PMID- 1223225
TI  - Lymphatic cyst of the greater omentum.

PMID- 1223226
TI  - Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of middle ear cleft.

PMID- 1223227
TI  - Editorial: Rupture of the uterus.

PMID- 1223228
TI  - Letter: Medical termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 and the registered medical
      practitioners.

PMID- 1223229
TI  - Prenatal sex determination by Y-fluorescence of amniotic fluid interphase nuclei.

PMID- 1223230
TI  - Bilateral xanthoma of Achilles tendon.

PMID- 1223231
TI  - Editorial: National Board of Examinations.

PMID- 1223232
TI  - Lactate dehydrogenase and pleural biopsy in cases of pleural effusions.

PMID- 1223233
TI  - A study of genito-urinary tuberculosis in a Calcutta hospital.

PMID- 1223234
TI  - Oral therapy in milder cases of tetanus with carisoprodol.

PMID- 1223235
TI  - Right ventricular aneurysm.

PMID- 1223236
TI  - Editorial: Genito-urinary tuberculosis.

PMID- 1223237
TI  - Morphological correlates of functional enhancement of liver mitochondria
      nourished with excess portal blood.

PMID- 1223238
TI  - Electron microscope studies of the vegetative cellular life cycle of
      Chlamydomonas reinhardi dangeard in synchronous culture. III. Three-dimensional
      structures of mitochondria in the cells at intermediate stages of the growth
      phase of the cell cycle.

PMID- 1223239
TI  - Transmission electron microscopic study on morphological changes of the
      generative cells during the gland division cycle.

PMID- 1223240
TI  - Letter: Electron microscopic study on the surface-coat of the human placental
      trophoblast.

PMID- 1223241
TI  - A proposal for the clinical classification of acute coma due to organic cerebral
      lesions.
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to propose a preliminary scheme which standardizes
      the terminology and the manner of classifying comatose states due to organic
      cerebral lesions. This attempt is based on recognition of the need to use a
      common language in order to facilitate the transmission of information in this
      field.

PMID- 1223242
TI  - Severe traumatic coma in infancy and childhood: results after surgery and
      resuscitation.
AB  - This study deals with 390 cases of severe traumatic coma in infancy, childhood
      and youth, aged between 4 months and 19 years. Cases in which unconsciousness
      lasted less than 24-48 hours have not been considered here. 161 patients were
      operated upon for intracranial space-occupying lesions or for open head injury:
      extradural haematomas 60; extradural haematomas + brain lacerations and/or
      subdural haematomas 16; acute subdural haematomas 18; brain laceration 36; open
      head injuries 17; decompressive operations, hydromas and contusions 14. 102
      patients recovered and 59 died. 229 subjects were given only to resuscitation
      treatment. 164 recovered and 65 died. Recovery and mortality rate are discussed
      in relation to the pathologicial lesions and to the clinical picture (severity,
      evolution and duration of coma). Overall mortality rate was 31%. Mortality was
      higher in operated patients (36.6%) and lower in patients in whom space-occupying
      lesions were not demonstrated by angiography and who underwent only resuscitation
      treatment (28%). The lowest rate was observed in cases of extradural haematoma
      (25.4%) and open head injury (23%). Highest mortality rate have been observed in
      cases of decerebrated coma (with or without signs of low brain stem impairment).
      Complete recovery can be achieved even after prolonged decerebration. 31 patients
      showed the typical picture of the "apallic syndrome": in 28 cases after prolonged
      decerebrated coma, in 3 cases after coma without decerebration. Of our 31 cases,
      4 died, 4 are still in a chronic apallic state and 23 recovered. Of these, 10
      patients had a remarkable recovery and 13 remained severely disabled.

PMID- 1223243
TI  - The Doppler ophthalmic test: report of a study on its value in diagnosis of
      internal carotid artery insufficiency.
AB  - The Authors have investigated the significance and the limits of the directional
      Doppler method in a group of subjects affected by internal carotid obstruction in
      various sites and degree. On the basis of the obtained results the Authors point
      out how this method represents a concrete progress in the field of non invasive
      diagnosis of the insufficiency of this artery.

PMID- 1223245
TI  - Considerations on the results of surgical treatment of cerebral abscesses.
AB  - The results of surgery in 96 patients affected with cerebral abscess are
      reported. The lesion was completely removed in 65 patients, 33 underwent drainage
      (in many cases by Adso-Craig's technique) and only in one case was a combined
      operation performed. Overall mortality was 15.1%. More or less serious
      neurological and/or psychic deficits were present in 40% of patients, whereas
      epilepsy occurred in 26.6%. Furthermore, it was noted that excision of the
      abscess originates fewer epileptic complications type (20.9%) than drainage of
      the abscess cavity (37.5%). As regards the type of operation, the Authors suggest
      complete excision of the abscess as more advisable limiting drainage to cases of
      localization in "noble" areas or when complete removal can jeopardize patients in
      very serious conditions.

PMID- 1223244
TI  - Cranial and orbital epidermoid tumours.
AB  - This paper reports on 14 cases of cranial and orbital epidermoid tumours, of
      which 2 epicranial, 4 extradural intracranial, 4 fronto-orbital-sinusal, 2
      orbital and 2 orbito-nasal cases. Referring to these cases and data published in
      the specialised literature, the authors show that this type of tumour is more
      frequent in males, and is generally of embryologic but very rarely of mechanical
      origin. The main symptom is tumefaction in cranial tumours and exophthalmos in
      orbital tumours. There is very rarely association with a space-occupying process
      (tumour, cerebral abscess). Evolution is slow and progressive; the only treatment
      is surgical. After total ablation there were no recurrences and the postoperative
      course was very satisfactory.

PMID- 1223246
TI  - Repair of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leaks using tissue adhesives.
AB  - 14 cases of post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leaks, sealed with tissue
      adhesives and fascia, or galea, are reported. None of the patients had recurrence
      in a follow-up ranging from five months to three years. Tissue adhesives provided
      a tough adhesion of the patch and, as a consequence, an immediate and stable
      repair of the leak.

PMID- 1223247
TI  - Tetraplegia from trauma of the cervical spine in the absence of fractures and
      luxations.
AB  - Spinal cord lesions are not infrequent in cervical traumas in absence of
      fractures and/or luxations. In hyperextension traumas conservative treatment is
      normally sufficient. In hyperflexion and unknowm mechanism traumas neurosurgical
      treatment is often necessary due to the frequency of a discal herniation.
      Myelography is indispensable for correct and complete diagnosis and for this
      reason its use is strongly recommended.

PMID- 1223248
TI  - On the radical treatment of a large carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm: case report.
AB  - General remarks on carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms are followed by the description
      of a personal case in which direct closure of an "inoperable" aneurysm was
      successful. The surgical treatment of these malformations is discussed.

PMID- 1223249
TI  - Angiographic evaluation of the operability of some posterior fossa malformations
      in infancy.

PMID- 1223250
TI  - Unusual late complication of ventriculo-atrial shunts: case report.

PMID- 1223251
TI  - Rapid assay of gonadotrophins: a radioimmunological method in 6 hours.

PMID- 1223252
TI  - Plasma deoxycorticosterone radioimmunoassay: method and clinical applications.

PMID- 1223254
TI  - Recent developments in the 133xenon inhalation technique for cerebral flow.

PMID- 1223255
TI  - A simple kinetic method for renin and renin-substrate measurement in rat plasma.

PMID- 1223253
TI  - Comparison between isotope angiocardiopneumography and perfusion scintigraphy in
      the study of diseases of the respiratory tract.

PMID- 1223256
TI  - 131I-19-iodocholesterol visualization of an adrenal carcinoma without clinical
      manifestations.

PMID- 1223257
TI  - Experimental studies on the annual cycles of thyroid and adrenocortical functions
      in relation to the reproductive cycle of drakes.
AB  - The annual variations in the basal plasma contents of testosterone, thyroxine and
      corticosterone have been measured in Peking drakes living outdoors, in Southern
      France. 10 The plasma testosterone titer underwent a more than 20-fold increase
      during the vernal reproductive period (March-April). In early June the
      circulating testosterone fell to near autumnal values, and the testosterone MCR
      was augmented. These were the first manifestations of the cessation of the vernal
      reproductive period. 20 The plasma thyroxine levels were minimal in autumn,
      moderately augmented (40%) in winter (January-March), but exhibited a 3-fold
      increase in early June. The resulting steep (13-fold) increase of the plasma
      thyroxine/testosterone ratio preceded the onset of the post-nuptial moult. 30
      Modifications of testosterone secretion and clearance rate similar to those
      occurring in June were initiated in spring by i.m. injections of thyroxine at a
      dosage (1 mg/d) that induced June-July thyroxine plasma levels. On the other
      hand, an experimentally induced steep decrease of testosterone (castration)
      induced enhanced plasma thyroxine concentrations similar to the June values,
      while an induced (10 mg/d testosterone i.m.) hypertestosteronemia corresponding
      to the reproductive period depressed the plasma thyroxine levels. Strong
      reciprocal negative interactions between testis and thyroid might therefore
      afford a partial explanation of the peculiar thyroxine/testosterone imbalance
      that occurred in June immediately prior to the moult. 40 Cold-exposed "short-day"
      (December) ducks exhibited a marked increase in plasma thyroxine levels, while
      exposure of December ducks to "long days" (18L-6D) at 25 degrees C depressed the
      thyroxine titers. The inhibitory effect of "long days" on the blood level of
      thyroxine was further evident in castrated ducks. Exposure of "short day" ducks
      (December) to a combined treatment by "long days" (18L-6D) and cold (4 degrees C)
      produced an endocrine picture similar to the January-March pattern, i.e. highly
      increased testosterone plasma levels, but unaffected testosterone MCR, together
      with a moderate increase in plasma thyroxine concentration. 50 Corticosterone
      plasma concentrations increased during the reproductive season, as a result of a
      seasonally augmented binding-capacity of the CBG. Exogenous testosterone (10
      mg/d) which induced spring-like circulating levels of male hormones, caused a
      similar increase in CBG-bound and total corticosterone levels. 60 In June the MCR
      of both corticosterone and aldosterone were elevated (as was the testosterone
      MCR). Similarly enhanced MCR of both corticosteroids were brought on in spring by
      an exogenous thyroxine treatment, leading to a June-like state of
      hyperthyroxinemia.

PMID- 1223258
TI  - [Regulation of luteal activity by light and temperature in two delayed
      implantation mammals, the european badger and the pine marten (author's transl)].
AB  - Reactivation of the corpus luteum, resumption of embryonic development and
      ovoimplantation can be obtained experimentally and precociously with corrected
      manipulation of light and temperature.

PMID- 1223259
TI  - [An experimental study of the influence of external factors on spermatogenesis
      and steroidogenesis of Nectophrynoides occidentalis Angel (author's transl)].
AB  - We have studied the influence of external factors of the natural habitat on
      spermatogenesis and metabolisation of testosterone by the testis of N.
      occidentalis. The factors chosen were: frequency of feeding, atmospheric humidity
      and day-light ratio. The temperature was constant at 20 degrees C +/- 2. 10
      During normal underground life testicular activity was low, but forced feeding
      and saturated atmospheric humidity induced spermatogenetic activity. The rate of
      metabolized testosterone was not altered by any factor. 20 During the active
      period of this species the feeding factor introduced significant modifications to
      active spermatogenesis and testosterone metabolism. Spermatogenesis of half
      starved males was greatly disturbed and the rate of transformed testosterone
      decreased.

PMID- 1223260
TI  - [Reproductive cycle of trout and tench: effect of experimental variations of the
      temperature (author's transl)].
AB  - 10 In the rainbow trout and the tench, at the time of spermatogonia divisions a
      rise in the plasma gonadotropin levels was observed. Just before or during the
      spawning period, E217 beta and plasma gonadotropin reach their maximum levels. 20
      When the effects of raising the natural cycle temperature of the tench were
      studied (deltat + 3 degrees C and + 6 degrees C), in conditions where nycthemeral
      and seasonal rythmicity were maintained, a significant increase in fertility was
      observed with the increase in temperature (the first spawning period was earlier
      and there was a rise in the number of spawnings). This effect of temperature
      seems to act at the level of the hypothalamo-pituitary system.

PMID- 1223261
TI  - [Spawning induced by injection of progesterone into the teleost crenimugil
      labrosus (risso, 1826) in a brackish milieu (author's transl)].
AB  - 10 In the euryhaline fish Crenimugil labrosus, complete oocyte maturation does
      not occur in a brackish milieu. 20 The injection of progesterone induces complete
      maturation in 30% and 14% salinities, allowing larvae to be formed after
      artificial fertilization of the eggs. 30 The same result is obtained with
      hypophysectomized animals: thus the pituitary is not involved in this maturation.

PMID- 1223262
TI  - [PaO2 changes during rapid PwO2 changes in 2 teleosts with different biotopes:
      Salmo gairdnerii and Ictalurus melas (author's transl)].
AB  - PaO2 and ventilation measurements in Salmo gairdnerii and Ictalurus melas (brown
      bullhead) were performed during progressive or step changes of PwO2. 10 In Salmo,
      out of stress conditions at 15 degrees C, the PaO2--PwO2 curve shows a plateau
      related to the PwO2 values above adaptation (155 torr). The PaO2 value
      corresponds to the O2 maximum saturation of the arterial blood. In contrast, in
      Salmo under stress conditions, PaO2 increases linearly with PwO2. During a
      hypoxic step change, PaO2 displays a biphasic modification, with a rapid decrease
      followed by a progressive increase up to the PwO2 value. During an hyperoxic step
      change, the PaO2 increase is of small amplitude. 20 When Ictalurus is under
      stress conditions the PaO2-PwO2 curve is almost linear. When out of stress
      conditions at 15 degrees C and below, the PaO2 oscillates between zero and values
      close to PwO2 in relation to successive periods of apnoea. During a hypoxic step
      change, the amplitude of the PaO2 oscillations decreases, the lower values being
      higher than under normoxic conditions. 30 These experiments show that PaO2 is an
      important parameter of ventilatory regulation in Salmo, but probably not in
      Ictalurus.

PMID- 1223263
TI  - [Adaptation of trout to seawater. Effects on sodium plasma concentration, gill
      exchange and intestinal transport].
AB  - 10. Trout Salmo irideus are adapted to sea water (S W) within four weeks by
      submitting them to a stepwise increase in external salinity (successively: 1/3
      SW, 1/2 SW, 3/4 SW, full SW). 20. In completely adapted individuals mean plasma
      electrolyte concentrations vary only slightly (by a few %) from one medium to
      another. Thus, the trout may be regarded as a euryhaline, eventually homeosmotic
      species. 30. With increasing outside salinity there is a progressive diminution
      in the overall gill permeability to ions which is suggested by saturation curves
      obtained for sodium fluxes (maximum at about 500 muEq/h. 100 g at 15 degrees C,
      for unshocked fish). 40. Disturbance of the animals provokes a striking elevation
      and desequilibrium in these exchanges and this in turn induces an abnormal rise
      in plasma concentrations and a subsequent failure to adapt to hypertonic media.
      50. In vitro absorption of water and sodium by intestinal everted-sacs increases
      only after transfer to full sea water. Mucosal entry of ions into intestinal
      epithelial cells measured by the technique of Schultz et al. (1967), is
      diminished in sea water-adapted animal (by 42% in the case of sodium). 60. These
      results demonstrate that Salmo irideus possesses efficient osmoregulatory
      mechanisms which operate with minimal energy expenditure in hypertonic media.

PMID- 1223264
TI  - [Water balance in the european eel (Anguilla anguilla L.). Role of the oesophagus
      in the utilisation of drinking water and a study of the osmotic permeability of
      the gills (author's transl)].
AB  - 10 New experimental devices are described which allow chonic measurements of
      drinking rate and osmotic gill permeability in the eel. 20 The oesophagus of the
      seawater (SW) silver eel plays a role in osmoregulation. It decreases the
      concentration of Cl- and Na+ of the ingested SW without losing water in the
      serosal to mucosal direction. This allows for immediate water absorption in the
      intestine and decreases the quantity of ions actively absorbed by the intestine.
      In the freshwater (FW) silver eel, the oesophagus is impermeable to water, Cl-
      and Na+. The ionic impermeability exists only in the serosal to mucosal
      direction. A mucosal to serosal permeability to Cl- and Na+ exists in the FW
      oesophagus receiving hypertonic drinking water, this promotes seawater
      adaptation. 30 The osmotic gill permeability, measured in vivo in the silver eel,
      is very low in FW and decreases slightly in SW. Thus, the silver eel has an
      osmotic gill permeability preadapted to SW life. The kinetics of FW to SW
      adaptation are described.

PMID- 1223265
TI  - [Seasonal fluctuations of food intake and bodyweight in the dormouse Glis glis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Cycles of body weight lasting a few weeks occurred in dormice fed ad libitum,
      throughout the year with the same food. The pattern of the fluctuations suggests
      an oscillation between an upper and a lower limit. When the lower limit is
      reached, compensatory mechanisms acting on the food intake are induced which
      cause an increase in body weight to the upper one; when this upper limit is
      reached, other mechanisms cause the body weight to decrease to the lower one.
      Thus, body weight and variations in food intake may well be controlled by the
      difference between the body weight and the limit it will reach. In a warm
      environment (23-25 degrees C) these fluctuations are smaller than in the cold (5
      6 degrees C). They are also smaller during summer than during winter in animals
      placed in natural climatic conditions. In summer, the body weight stays near the
      upper limit; in this season, as in the warm environment, the lower limit
      approaches the upper one. Thus, the main circannual variation of body weight
      regulation in dormice may be the elevation during summer of the lower body weight
      limit.

PMID- 1223267
TI  - Editorial: Rubella in early pregnancy.

PMID- 1223266
TI  - [Effect of two rearing conditions on growth and body composition in carp
      (Cyprinus carpio L) (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative study was made of the growth and of the influence of seasonal
      changes on nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism of carp kept in batches in
      natural ponds. 10 Growth is active only in natural ponds. In batches where only
      industrial dried foods are used, no growth can be measured. 20 Activity of
      ribonucleic and protein metabolism is correlated with seasonal variations of
      water temperature in both conditions.

PMID- 1223268
TI  - Medical education and general practice.

PMID- 1223269
TI  - Getting grants for research in general practice.

PMID- 1223270
TI  - Matched controls in surveys of the use of general practice. Another use for
      research practice age-sex registers.
AB  - This paper describes how an age-sex register may be used as a sampling frame for
      the selection of matched controls in studies of the use of general practice. It
      discusses both the analysis of data collected in this way and the advantages and
      limitations of the method itself. The application of the method to a case-study
      suggests that patients who use hospital accident departments are also high users
      of general practice. Although care is needed in the interpretation of such
      results, it is concluded that matched controls can be used to ameliorate some of
      the problems of research in general practice.

PMID- 1223271
TI  - Preventing tetanus in adults in general practice.
AB  - Tetanus statistics in England and Wales are quoted to show the desirability of
      widening the population to whom tetanus immunisation is offered. Yhr inclusion of
      a health educationalist in the general-practitioner team to achieve this is
      advocated. Methods of obtaining an increased acceptance of immunisation by
      waiting-room education alone, by waiting-room education with general-practitioner
      involvement, and by general-practitioner involvement alone were explored and are
      discussed.

PMID- 1223272
TI  - Going to the doctor--attendances by members of 100 families in their first year
      in a new town.
AB  - A study of 100 families' first year in a new town has shown that consulting rates
      are high, especially for psychiatric illness. Some reasons for this are
      discussed. If mobility has an effect on the health of individuals, with a
      consequent increase in the workload of general practitioners, then this must be
      taken into account in planning primary medical care services.

PMID- 1223273
TI  - Staff and student perceptions of a student health service.
AB  - Results of a survey at one English university suggest that, of the various
      student personnel services provided by that institution, the Student Health
      Service was the best known and most used by the students. Both students and
      academic staff attributed greater importance to that particular service than to
      any other. Ways in which these two groups of university members justified such
      special provision are presented and discussed.

PMID- 1223274
TI  - Some simple improvements in record-keeping in general practice.
AB  - A method of keeping records in general practice is described which can be easily
      used on National Health Service forms. The method consists of two tiers i.e. of
      emphasising diagnoses made by boxing them and by organising the layout of other
      data.

PMID- 1223275
TI  - Revaccination against measles--a pilot study.
AB  - (1) During the first ten years after primary vaccination with live measles virus
      vaccine, a slow decline in the level of HAI antibody titres has been
      demonstrated. The decline after more attenuated vaccines was at the same
      gradient, but at lower titres.(2) During the same period after primary
      vaccination by inactivated (; killed ') followed by live - K + L - measles
      vaccine, a much steeper decline in the level of HAI antibody titres was
      demonstrated.(3) The GMT may not reach the lowest standard titres for over 40
      years after the least attenuated vaccine, and 20-25 years after more attenuated
      vaccines. After K + L vaccine the GMT may be negative after 15 years or less, but
      this will depend on the frequency of natural boosting.(4) On revaccination after
      five to ten years, one out of 20 children (five per cent) who had received live
      vaccine alone for primary vaccination showed a fourfold or greater rise in titre
      of HAI antibody, whereas 17 out of 41 children (41%) who had received K + L
      vaccine showed a significant rise in titre.(5) With either regime, the age at
      primary vaccination did not appear to influence the rate of boosting after
      revaccination except perhaps in children under two years.(6) Among those who
      originally received K + L Vaccine, The Lower The Hai Antibody Titre Before
      Revaccination And The Longer The Time Since Primary Vaccination, The More Likely
      Was A Significant Rise In Titre To Occur After Revaccination. All Should Be
      Revaccinated Within 10-15 Years Of Primary Immunisation.(7) Children whose
      primary vaccination was by live ;further attenuated' vaccine before the age of
      two years may need to be revaccinated before they leave school, but this requires
      further study.(8) A case can be made for using a less attenuated strain of
      measles virus for revaccination than for primary vaccination.(9) The eventual
      need for and timing of revaccination against measles should be examined in a
      larger group of children.

PMID- 1223276
TI  - Comparison of the first and second national morbidity surveys.

PMID- 1223277
TI  - The poor-communicating two-year-old and his family.
AB  - Two groups of children have been studied. Each group consisted of 21 two-year
      olds, who had been matched individually for age, sex and social class, but who
      had widely differing abilities in both comprehension and expression of
      language.High-risk families were defined as those in which there was evidence of
      significant social or emotional deprivation. There was a statistically
      significant correlation between delayed language development in a two-year-old
      and evidence of psychosocial deprivation in his family.

PMID- 1223278
TI  - Clinical and administrative review in general practice.
AB  - Clinical and administrative review in primary medical care can be an enjoyable
      and creative part of group-practice life. A series of such reviews are described
      which improve internal or external communication for the primary care team.

PMID- 1223279
TI  - Telephone messages received by seven general practices.
AB  - Telephone calls were recorded in seven general practices in Aylesbury in a study
      of communications received from the hospitals, local health authority (L.H.A.),
      social services department, and other sources, but excluding calls from
      patients.Analysis of 855 telephone calls revealed patterns of communication with
      the staff of the practices which have not previously been recorded. The general
      practitioners were central in communications from all sources except the local
      health authority, while calls to health visitors came overwhelmingly from the
      local health authority. Community nurses received only 36 (four per cent) of all
      the calls despite the interests expressed by hospital nursing staff in their
      responses to a postal questionnaire. A hypothesis is advanced to explain this
      discrepancy between interest and action.

PMID- 1223280
TI  - Intra-uterine contraception in general practice.
AB  - The experience of two general practitioners with 1,041 women attending clinics
      for intra-uterine contraception is analysed retrospectively. Patients were mainly
      Health Service patients of the doctors, but some were referred by other general
      practitioners, by the local authority, and a consultant. Some patients travelled
      considerable distances. Age varied from 15 to 52 and parity from 0 to 11. The
      fitting of various devices was usually easy, but patients often complained of
      symptoms, mostly bleeding, pain, or discharge, the majority of which were
      amenable to treatment and often were not due to the intra-uterine contraceptive
      device itself. There was evidence of lowered haemoglobin levels in women using
      this method for some years.The retrospective analysis shows follow up, always
      difficult in contraceptive clinics, to be less than desirable. In planning
      contraceptive programmes more attention should be given to this subject.
      Pregnancy occurred in 51 cases and there were four cases of cancer of which one
      died. There was a further unrelated death from subarachnoid haemorrhage.

PMID- 1223281
TI  - Vulvovaginitis and vaginal discharge in general practice.
AB  - Ninety-four patients with vulvovaginitis and vaginal discharge were assessed
      clinically and had vaginal swabs taken in an effort to establish a definite
      diagnosis. A high incidence of fungous infection was found while there was a
      surprisingly low incidence of Trichomonal vaginitis. These findings vary markedly
      from recent surveys in other countries (Delaha et al. (1964); Gray and Barnes,
      1965; Desai et al., 1966).

PMID- 1223283
TI  - Pentastomiasis (Armillifer and Linguatula Sp.) infestations of wild animals in
      the Kruger National Park.
AB  - Armillifer armillatus, Linguatula serrata and L. nuttalli have each been isolated
      from nine different mammalian species in the Kruger National Park: lion, Panthera
      Leo; Leopard, P. pardus; buffalo, Syncerus caffer: blue wildebeest, Connechaetes
      taurinus; giraffe, Girraffa camelopardalis; kudu, Tragelophus strepsiceros;
      waterbuck, Kobus ellipsyprymnus; tsessebe, Damaliscus iunatus and impala,
      Aepyceros melampus. Successful transmission of L. serrata from the lion to a
      domestic ox and impala is recorded for the first time. Pentastomiasis is also a
      disease of man and these findings are possibly of epidemiological significance.

PMID- 1223282
TI  - The effect of different dietary levels of Ca and P on the plasma Ca, inorganic P
      and Mg as well as the ash, Ca, P and Mg content of cervical vertebrae and total
      body of sheep.
AB  - Six 14 month old rams were divided equally into three groups and received either
      a high Ca (1,102% Ca : 0,192% P : 0,128% Mg), control (0,322% Ca : 0,311=P :
      0,128% Mg) or high P (0,127% Ca : 1,043% P: 0,130% Mg) diet in pellected form for
      150 days. 2. Dry mass and ash % of the third cervical vertebra decreased as Ca
      intake decreased while fat % increased. There was a highly significant negative
      correlation (= -0,992) between bone ash% and bone fat %. Bone P and Mg showed no
      particular trends. 3. Total body Ca and P as well as % body Ca and P all
      decreased with a decrease in dietary Ca and increase in dietary P intake. Body Mg
      showed no particular trend. 4. The results suggest that while plasma values may
      be useful in assessing the P intake of sheep on natural pastures, bone and total
      body P may not be.

PMID- 1223284
TI  - Resistance of the sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina to insecticides in the Republic
      of South Africa.
AB  - Laboratory tests on larvae of nine strains of the sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina,
      and one of the hairy blowfly, Chrysomia albiceps, taken from the field are
      reported. Results indicate resistance to arsenic in one strain and to diazinon in
      the remainder and in Chrysomia albiceps. Field evidence corroborates the presence
      of resistance in the blowfly maggots to current flystrike insecticides with
      reduced protection resulting in more frequent treatment.

PMID- 1223285
TI  - Arsenic resistance in species of multi-host ticks in the Republic of South Africa
      and Swaziland.
AB  - A survey was made in the Republic of South Africa and Swaziland to determine the
      incidence of arsenic resistance in multi-host ixodid ticks. Arsenic resistant
      strains were found in the following species:- Rihipicephalus appendiculatus,
      Rhipicephalus evertsi, Rhipicephalus capensis, Amblyomma hebraeum and a species
      of Hyalomma, tentatively identified as Hyalomma rufipes. Strains of Haemaphysalis
      Leachi, Haemaphysalis silacea and Ixodes pilosus were also tested.

PMID- 1223286
TI  - Reproductive capacity and longevity of stable flies maintained on different kinds
      of blood.
AB  - An investigation was made into some lesser known aspects of the biology of the
      stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, in order to find a basis for possible means of
      natural control of the pest on dairy farms. The reaction of adults to different
      kinds of blood was tested. Diets investigated were bovine blood alternated with
      ovine blood, bovine blood alternated with pig's blood, bovine blood alternated
      with manure filtrate, bovine blood alone, ovine blood alone, pig's blood alone
      and manure filtrate alone. Adults could not servive on manure filtrate alone.
      Flies in the other treatments exhibited no marked differences as regards duration
      of pre-mating-, pre-oviposition- and oviposition periods. There were, however,
      differences in the number of eggs laid. Females maintained on bovine blood alone
      produced most eggs i.e. 2,3 times as many as those laid by females fed on pig's
      blood alone. The latter were the poorest producers. Viability and incubation
      period of eggs did not appear to be affected by the kind of blood fed to the
      adults. Flies, however, lived longer when supplied with bovine blood and died
      sooner when maintained on pig's blood.

PMID- 1223287
TI  - Effectivity of Rev 1 vaccine in rams against brucella ovis infection.
AB  - Vaccination with Rev 1 at four months of age protected rams against experimental
      infection with Brucella ovis. A double vaccination did not improve immunity
      whereas rams vaccinated later in life showed a decreased immunity to the
      infection. Lesions and complement fixation reactions were found to be inadequate
      criteria for the diagnosis of the disease in the individual ram.

PMID- 1223289
TI  - The capture and translocation of gemsbok Oryx gazella gazella in the Nambi Desert
      with the aid of fentanyl, etorphine and tranquillizers.
AB  - Twenty-three gemsbok in the Namib Desert were captured with combinations of
      fentanyl or etorphine hydrochloride, hyoscine hydrobromide and tranquilizers such
      as azaperone, SU - 9064, triflupromazine hydrochloride and acetylpromazine
      maleate. Fentanyl, a New immobilizing compound, proved to be a safe and effective
      immobilizing drug for capturing gemsbok. The gemsbok were chased on the interdune
      plains and darted from a Land Rover with the Palmer powder-charge Cap-Chur gun. A
      six-seater helicopter was used on a trial basis to dart a gemsbok, but it is
      suggested that a smaller, more manoeuvrable helicopter be used for further
      operations. All the gemsbok were transported under narcosis from the capture area
      to an enclosure. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride was injected into the captured
      gemsbok to sedate them in their new confined environment. Tranquillizers such as
      chlorpromazine hydrochloride, acetylpromazine maleate and a new tranquillizer SU 
      9064 were used to sedate the animals during long distance transportation in
      crates. This prevented the animals from injuring themselves and damagin the
      crates. For the first time in South West Africa wild animals were transported by
      air. A journey by road which under normal circumstances would have taken over 40
      hours, was completed in less than 9 hours by utilizing aerial transportation.
      There were no losses during transportation and only two gemsbok were injured
      during the translocation operation.

PMID- 1223288
TI  - Aspects of forced exercise and the therapy thereof in sheep.
AB  - Sixteen Merino sheep were subjected to forced exercise after which half were
      treated with sodium bicarbonate, vitamin B complex, antibiotics and a
      glucocorticoid. Cardiac rate, rectal temperature and blood were taken from all
      the animals before, immediately after and again two and five hours after
      exercise. Exercise resulted in increased cardiac cardiac rate, rectal
      temperature, plasma levels of glucose, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine
      kinase, potassium, and decreased levels of blood pH, buffer base, bicarbonate,
      base excess and CO2. Compared with the controls, the therapy increased plasma
      glucose and blood pH, buffer base, bicarbonate and base excess, while there was a
      significant decrease in plasma potassium. This latter effect may be important in
      the therapy of capture myopathy in wild animals as hyperkalaemia may be one of
      the causes of death in the syndrome.

PMID- 1223290
TI  - [Activity of serum gonadotropins in pregnant zebras and mares].
AB  - Blood was collected from 28 zebra mare (Equus burchellia antiquorum) immediately
      after being shot in the Kruger National Park. The serum was separated within two
      hours after collection and then stored at -15 degrees C for later assay. Of
      these, thirteen selected samples were tested for gonadotrophic activity. The
      stage of pregnancy was determined from a foetal growth curve. Blood samples from
      pregnant horse mares were collected by venipuncture. Nine mares were sampled.
      Seven blood samples at different stages of pregnancy were collected from one
      mare, four from another and only one sample each from the other seven mares. The
      stage of pregnancy was calculated from the date of last service. The levels of
      gonadotrophic activity of the serum samples were estimated through its effect on
      the weight of mouse ovaries. Five groups of five virgin female white mice were
      injected subcutaneously with zero, 0,025 ml, 0,075 ml and 0,1 ml of serum per
      mouse on two successive days and killed by ether inhalation 48 hours after the
      last injection. The mean weight per overy was determined for each level of every
      sample injected and a dose: response curve drawn from which the percentage
      increase in ovarian weight caused by the 2 X 0,05 ml dosage level of each serum
      sample was estimated. The curves obtained by plotting gonadotrophic activity at
      various stages of pregnancy for horse and zebra mares are generally similar but
      differ in certain details. PMS obtained from horses has a greater activity and
      appears to be secreted over a shorter period of time i.e. it disappeared by the
      160th to 180th day of pregnancy. In zebra mares, on the other hand, a relatively
      lower activity was found during the peak period (65th to 80th days) but it was
      maintained loger and was still detectable at 229 days but absent at 365 days
      after conception.

PMID- 1223292
TI  - Letter: Canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis).

PMID- 1223293
TI  - [Volvulus in a white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)].

PMID- 1223291
TI  - The resistance of a field strain of Haemonchus contortus to five benzimidazole
      anthelmintics in current use.
AB  - Using artificially infected sheep, the response of a laboratory strain of
      Haemonchus contortus, which had not been subjected to anthelmintics for three
      years, was compared with that exhibited by a parbendazole resistant field strain
      following treatment with each of seven anthelmintics, the laboratory strain
      proved fully susceptable to thiabendazole, parbendazole, cambendazole,
      mebendazole, fenbandazole, levamisole and haloxon, in contrast to the field
      strain which showed a moderate to marked resistance to all five benzimidazoles,
      but was fully susceptible to levamisole and haloxon.

PMID- 1223294
TI  - Variation in filarial susceptibility among East African populations of Aedes
      aegypti.

PMID- 1223295
TI  - Host and distributional records for the tick Amblyomma inornatum (Banks)
      (Acarina: Ixodidae), with descriptions of the immature stages.

PMID- 1223297
TI  - Report of a tick, Ornithodoros rossi (Acarina: Argasidae), from the spotted bat,
      Euderma maculatum (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae).

PMID- 1223296
TI  - Structure-activity relationships of phosphorus amides in Aedes aegypti and Culex
      pipiens fatigans (Diptera: Culicidae).

PMID- 1223298
TI  - Longevity, oviposition, and fertility of several strains of the screwworm,
      Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

PMID- 1223299
TI  - Methods of estimating sterility in a field population of horn flies (Diptera:
      Muscidae).

PMID- 1223300
TI  - Effects of 5 juvenile hormone analogues applied topically to cattle naturally
      infested with Hypoderma larvae (Diptera: Oestridae).

PMID- 1223301
TI  - The ecology and behavior of the lone star tick (Acarina: Ixodidae). VI. Response
      of unfed adults to certain environmental parameters.

PMID- 1223302
TI  - The ecology and behavior of the lone star tick (Acarina: Ixodidae). VII. Pre- and
      post-molt behavior of engorged nymphs and larvae.

PMID- 1223303
TI  - Isolation of Nyamanini and Quaranfil viruses from Argas (Persicargas) arboreus
      ticks in Nigeria.

PMID- 1223304
TI  - The ecology and behavior of Aedes atlanticus D. & K. and other species with
      reference to Keystone virus in the Houston area, Texas.

PMID- 1223306
TI  - Flight of the salt marsh Tabanidae (Diptera), Tabanus nigrovittatus, Chrysops
      atlanticus and C. fuliginosus: correlation with temperature, light, moisture and
      wind velocity.

PMID- 1223305
TI  - Buoyancy and ventilation in Aedes aegypti (L.) pupae (Diptera: Culicidae).

PMID- 1223307
TI  - Field evaluation of deet-treated mesh jacket against black flies (Simuliidae).

PMID- 1223308
TI  - A new intersex in Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae). I. Description.

PMID- 1223309
TI  - A new intersex in Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae). II. Inheritance.

PMID- 1223310
TI  - Parasitism of female ticks by males of the genus Ixodes.

PMID- 1223311
TI  - Increased efficiency in the mass production of Hippelates collusor (Diptera:
      Chloropidae).

PMID- 1223312
TI  - Editorial: Sex is psychosomatic.

PMID- 1223313
TI  - Sex therapy and mastectomy.
AB  - Because the emotional trauma associated with a mastectomy exceeds the physical
      trauma, the recovery of the woman is greatly affected by the response of her
      husband or lover. Sex therapy, therefore, involves the couple. The approach
      described here is aimed at assisting the couple to confront and intergrate the
      mastectomy experience. The use of a prosthesis is discouraged during intercourse
      because it delays such confrontation; certain sex therapy exercises (body imagery
      and sensate focus) are usually recommended because they facilitate confrontation
      and acceptance. These, modified for the circumstances, are described. It is
      suggested that intercourse be attempted as early as possible, and that if
      physical weakness or psychological trepidation intervenes, the physical desire
      and caring of the husband be expressed nonetheless. The "professional" attitudes
      that psychotherapy is always indicated for mastectomy patients and that the
      proper role of the husband is matter-of-fact denial are rejected; emphasis is
      placed on the beneficial consequences of sharing of all emotions.

PMID- 1223314
TI  - Sexual counseling with spinal cord-injured clients.
AB  - Spinal cord-injured clients have many fears and misapprehension about their
      sexual functioning. Common beliefs include: (a) disabled men cannot sexually
      satisfy able-bodied women; and (b) cord-injured persons cannot have sexual
      intercourse. Such misapprehensions can be helped by the counselor's willingness
      to discuss sexual issues openly. Clients need a clear and accurate picture of the
      facts, as well as encouragement and support to help them rediscover their
      sexuality. Spinal cord injury does not mean sexual incapacity. Given a knowing
      and patient partner, most clients can enjoy a satisfying sex life.

PMID- 1223315
TI  - The sexual information examination.
AB  - A physical examination utilized as part of a program designed for the short-term
      treatment of couples with sexual dysfunction is described. This technique is
      known as the "Sexual Information Examination." Its usefulness in the treatment of
      sexual dysfunction and education of couples as a part of sexual counseling is
      discussed.

PMID- 1223316
TI  - Letter: Convulsions during orgasm due to multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1223317
TI  - Cellular compartmentation of brain metabolism and its functional significance.
AB  - This paper reviews work from our laboratory on the metabolism and interrelations
      of isolated neuronal and neuropil fractions. The cell preparations are evaluated
      according to criteria of yield, purity, and integrity. Differences in the levels
      of activity of six groups of enzymes, of glucose metabolism, amino-acid
      metabolism, transmitter metabolism, acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, and
      carbonic anhydrase have been followed, and neuronal and glial marker enzymes are
      proposed. Lysosomes and their enzymes are concentrated in neuronal perikarya.
      Metabolically, although no major differences in glucose oxidation have been
      found, there is considerable evidence of compartmentation of amino acids and
      their metabolism. At short times after injection of 3H-lysine as precursor in
      vivo, neuronal incorporation is high as compared with neuropil; at longer times
      the ratio is reversed, and we interpret this as evidence for the presence of a
      rapidly labeling protein fraction present in the neuromal perikarya but
      subsequently transported out. Neuronal protein incorporation is suppressed in the
      visual but not the motor cortex of dark-reared rats and is switched on following
      exposure to light; there is evidence that the suppressed fraction of neuronal
      protein synthesis includes the rapidly labeling component. A model for neuronal
      glial metabolic interaction and its state-dependence in response to changes in
      the organism's environment and behavior is sketched out.

PMID- 1223318
TI  - Localization and response of the 14-3-2 brain protein.
AB  - The 14-3-2 acidic protein specific for nerve tissue has been localized to bands 4
      and 5 counted from the anodal front band in a polyacrylamide-gel electrophoretic
      pattern. The material consisted of cut-out layers of pyramidal nerve cells of the
      CA3 hippocampal region of the rat. Extracted protein samples were subjected to
      immunoprecipitation, Coons' double-layer immunofluorescence, microcomplement
      fixation, and a localization experiment using microdensitometry on a 400 muphi
      gel electrophoresis pattern with and without extra added 14-3-2 protein. The
      protein fractions 4 and 5, now shown to contain 14-3-2 protein, have recently
      been found to incorporate increased precursors at training as compared to
      controls.

PMID- 1223319
TI  - The lipid composition of isolated brain cells and axons.
AB  - The current status of the published work on the lipid composition of isolated
      brain cells is reviewed and some new work on the sphingolipids of these cells is
      presented. In spite of considerable differences in isolation techniques between
      different groups, the lipid analyses of different cell preparations are similar
      enough to permit several generalizations. This fact is an encouraging sign that
      cell separation methods have considerable usefulness in defining the composition
      of normal brain cells. It is a general finding that astrocytes have more lipid
      than neuronal perikarya but that the gross lipid composition of these two cell
      types is surprisingly similar. Oligodendroglial lipids are quite different from
      those of the other two cell types and are characterized by a high galactolipid
      content. Although such a lipid pattern might be expected in oligodendroglia,
      which are myelin-forming cells, axonal lipids have an even higher galactolipid
      content. In an effort to find more cell-specific patterns, the glycosphingolipids
      were examined in more detail. Differences were seen in the distribution and fatty
      acid patterns of these minor lipids in neurons and astrocytes, although it may be
      premature to conclude that these differences will prove to be cell-specific. All
      of the isolated cells were found to contain galactosylceramide, sulfatide,
      glucosylceramide, dihexosylceramide, and gangliosides. The distribution of these
      lipids in the normal cells was found to differ considerably from that reported in
      cultured neuroblastoma cells or astrocytoma cells. Not only were gangliosides
      present in all cells but the ganglioside patterns of neurons and astrocytes were
      nearly identical. The fatty-acid patterns of the neuronal and astroglial
      sphingolipids generally do not resemble each other, and both are quite different
      from those found in oligodendroglia and axons. However, the fatty-acid
      composition of the sphingolipids from bovine oligodendroglia and from axons are
      similar and resemble those of myelin lipids. The fatty acids of glucosylceramide
      and dihexosylceramide are similar in all three cell types. They have rather large
      amounts of 16:0 and acids longer than C18; thus they are considerably different
      from the ganglioside fatty acids (which have mostly 15:0) isolated from the same
      fractions.

PMID- 1223320
TI  - Alterations of central nervous system protein synthesis in response to spinal
      cord hemisection.
AB  - This investigation explores the central nervous system protein-synthetic
      responses to hemisection of the spinal cord. Adult male rats hemisected at mid T2
      were given intravenous injections of 14C-leucine at 0.7, 30, or 70 days
      postoperative. Four hours later the T1, T2, T3, and C6 segments of the spinal
      cord and right and left samples of somatomotor and occipital cortex were removed,
      weighed, and frozen. These samples were later homogenized and subjected to
      trichloroacetic acid (TCA) separations. Protein-synthetic activity was expressed
      as the ratio of the specific activity of the TCA precipitable proteins to the
      specific activity of the TCA free amino acid pool. In the spinal cord samples
      protein-synthetic activity was greater than in controls at 7 and 30 days
      postoperative in the T2 segment and at 30 days postoperative in the C6 and T3
      segments. In the cortical samples protein-synthetic activity was greater than in
      controls in the right and left somatomotor cortex at 30 days postoperative, while
      it was less than in controls in the left somatomotor cortex at 70 days
      postoperative. Thus, T2 hemisection leads to initial increases and subsequent
      decreases in protein-synthetic activity in both spinal cord and somatomotor
      cortex. These results are discussed in terms of possible regenerative neural
      reactions occurring in the central nervous system following spinal cord injury.

PMID- 1223321
TI  - The effect of the chronic administration of D-amphetamine upon circadian changes
      in amino acids in the pineal and pituitary glands of the rat.
AB  - The formation of dansyl derivatives of amino acids, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid
      and histamine, and their separation on polyamide plates provided a reliable and
      sensitive method for studying circadian changes in single pineal and pituitary
      glands of the rat. There appears to be no correlation between the circadian
      changes in concentrations of these substances in the pineal and pituitary glands.
      Chronically administered D-amphetamine altered the circadian rhythms of five
      amino acids in the pituitary, including the putative transmitters taurine,
      glycine, and glutamate; in the pineal gland only the rhythmical changes of lysine
      and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were affected.

PMID- 1223322
TI  - Differences in occipital cortical synapses from environmentally enriched,
      impoverished, and standard colony rats.
AB  - Initial and replication experiments were studied with littermate, S1, male rats
      25-55 days of age placed in enriched (EC), standard colony (SC), and impoverished
      (IC) environments. Measurements of the length of postsynaptic thickenings were
      taken from asymmetrical axodendritic synapses in layer IV of the dorsal medial
      occipital cortex. This experiment differed from others of this nature, for
      animals from both experimental conditions were compared with the standard colony
      animals. The 8% (p less than 0.01) difference in postsynaptic thickening length
      between 675 synapses from EC and 680 synapses from IC was primarily due to the
      IC, as can be seen by comparing both with the SC. The number of synapses per unit
      area of neuropil was 15% (p less than 0.01) more in the IC than in the EC and
      this difference was primarily due to impoverishment. Both the original and the
      replication experiment verified this direction of change. Thus, environmental
      experience does significantly affect synaptic length and number, although the
      large magnitude previously reported by Mphillgaard et al. (1971) was not
      confirmed in the present experiments. The 7% cortical depth difference between
      the enriched and impoverished animals was seen to be attributed to both
      conditions when each was compared with the standard colony rats. The plasticity
      of synaptic dimensions is discussed in relation to our previous work and to work
      of others.

PMID- 1223323
TI  - Somatic evoked response components and recovery functions in subjects with mu and
      alpha rhythms.
AB  - Subjects with prominent rolandic mu and alpha rhythms showed similar late somatic
      evoked response (SER) components but different SER recovery functions. A late P5x
      component was present when SER were superimposed on mu and alpha rhythms
      spontaneously recorded from the rolandic region of inattentive individuals. Since
      P5x was not present in other inattentive subjects unless SER were superimposed on
      a rhythmic rolandic activity evoked by an attentive situation, it seems
      reasonable to assume that the P5x component is partially due to spontaneous or
      evoked rolandic EEG rhythmicity. In addition, single propioceptive stimuli
      produced blocking of mu rhythm and a flat recovery function of the P5a component.
      In contrast, similar stimuli produced an enhancement of alpha rhythm and a
      periodic amplitude modulation curve of the P5a component. These results suggest
      that the P5a component is mediated by the same neurophysiological mechanisms
      which block or modulate the spontaneous rolandic EEG rhythms.

PMID- 1223325
TI  - Editorial: Education of doctors in clinical pharmacology.

PMID- 1223324
TI  - Six-month follow-up in weanling rats with ventromedial and dorsomedial
      hypothalamic lesions: somatic, endocrine, and metabolic changes.
AB  - Thus far both the weanling rat ventromedial and dorsomedial syndrome have been
      investigated in only two and three-week studies. The present data are derived
      from a six-month study. Food intake and body weight and length changes were
      recorded weekly or bi-weekly and endocrine and metabolic parameters were assessed
      at sacrifice. Rats that had received ventromedial hypothalamic lesions shortly
      after weaning showed all the changes noted in previous short-term studies, i.e.
      normal body weight gains and food intake but increased carcass fat content. In
      addition, they manifested a slight hyperglycemia, normal free fatty acid levels
      and slowingdown of lipogenesis. Rats that had received dorsomedial lesions
      shortly after weaning also showed changes previously reported in short-term
      experiments. These include reduced ponderal and linear growth and food intake,
      but normal carcass composition and growth hormone levels. In addition, they
      showed a slight improvement of hypophagia with time, and at sacrifice
      hypoglycemia and low free fatty acid levels. Incorporation of glucose into fat
      pad glycogen and CO2 was decreased. In diaphragm, glucose incorporation was
      increased in both total lipid and fatty acids. The data demonstrate that both
      hypothalamic syndromes change with time, but not necessarily in a progressive
      manner. They also show that destruction of two so closely appositioned
      hypothalamic structures brings about entirely different and, in some parameters,
      opposite changes.

PMID- 1223326
TI  - Disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum in two Nigerian
      children.
AB  - Two cases of disseminated histoplasmosis caused by H. capsulatum in Nigerian
      children are reported. This is a rare infection in this part of the world. The
      main clinical features were fever, weight loss, lassitude, lymphadenopathy,
      hepatosplenomegaly and severe anaemia, features indistinguishable from those of
      tuberculosis, Hodgkins and other reticuloses. Recognition of this infection in
      this environment is possible if it is considered in the differential diagnosis of
      pyrexia of undetermined origin and appropriate laboratory tests carried out on
      suitable specimens such as bone marrow, splenic aspirate or biopsy material.
      Treatment of choice is amphotericin B given intravenously, starting with 0-25
      mg/kg. and increasing slowly to 1 mg/kg. Other useful drugs are Septrin and
      rifampicin which can be given concurrently. Subcutaneous abscesses and multiple
      bone lesions occurred in both our cases presumably as a result of blood stream
      infection, or embolisation from endocarditis.

PMID- 1223327
TI  - Changes in the tissues of the immune system in dengue haemorrhagic fever.
AB  - A total of 100 post-mortems were done on patients clinically diagnosed as dengue
      haemorrhagic fever from Rangoon Children's Hospital. Histopathological changes in
      bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes and other associated tissues of the
      immune system were  analysed and correlated with the clinical picture and
      serology results. The major changes in cases with a positive serology result for
      secondary dengue infection consist of hypoplasia of the bone marrow, acute
      atrophy and wasting of the thymus, atrophy and depletion of cells in the
      periarterial lymphatic sheaths of the spleen and the paracortical areas of the
      lymph nodes. The tissues affected are the thymus-dependent areas of the spleen
      and lymph nodes, and the thymus itself. Thymus-independent areas of the secondary
      lymphatic tissues are also affected but to a lesser extent. The pathological
      observations suggest that immunodepression may be an integral part of the
      pathophysiology of dengue haemorrhagic fever.

PMID- 1223328
TI  - Diabetes mellitus following a mumps epidemic.

PMID- 1223329
TI  - Family planning and mobile under-fives clinics.

PMID- 1223330
TI  - Electrocardiographic abnormalities in leptospirosis.
AB  - Electrocardiographic abnormalities occurred in 46 per cent of cases uith
      leptospirosis. Although the individual changes noted do not appear to be of
      importance, they indicate that sub-clinical cardiac involvement does occur in a
      significant proportion of the patients. The abnormalities observed include
      disorders in cardiac rhythm and changes in the P-QRS-T complexes, probably
      resulting from direct myocardial involvement or from a  changing milieu interior.
      While serial tracings are indicated in patients with acute renal failure of the
      oliguric variety, repeated tracings may detect more definitely changing patterns
      which indicate the presence of cardiac involvement in patients with other
      presentations of the disease.

PMID- 1223331
TI  - Editorial: Drug evaluation.

PMID- 1223332
TI  - A simple method for the cultivation of rat liver cells.
AB  - A simple method to culture rat liver parenchymal cells is described. Minced liver
      tissues were dissociated with no pre-perfusion by a newly developed enzyme,
      bacterial neutral proteinase, and cultured in the medium consisting of 10% fetal
      calf serum and 90% of a new synthetic medium, DM-153. By the adequate technique
      of primary dissociation and first subcultivation, parenchymal cells were
      selected. Cultivation in arginine-free medium was also useful in selecting them.
      The cultured cells exhibited activities of certain enzymes similar to those of
      liver cells in vivo. Cell strains have been successively established from liver
      tissues of embryo, suckling and adult rats. Liver cells, however, cultured in
      this way, can also be used for experiments in the early stage of serial
      cultivation.

PMID- 1223333
TI  - Evaluation of the circumoval precipitin test using dried blood on filter paper as
      a diagnostic tool in epidemiological survey for schistosomiasis.
AB  - The suitability of the circumoval precipitin (COP) test in a field survey for
      schistosomiasis in the rural area using dried blood samples on filter paper was
      evaluated with reference to the stool examination by the merthiolate-iodine
      formaldehyde concentration (MIFC) technique. Both blood and stool samples were
      collected simultaneously among over 600 inhabitants of two schistosomiasis
      endemic communities (barrios) of Palo, Leyte, Philippines. The method of
      collecting blood samples on filter paper, the procedure for COP test and its
      sensitivity in detecting schistosomiasis cases are described. Blood sampling from
      finger prick was acceptable to both adults and children so that blood samples
      were readily obtained while the collection of stool samples required repeated
      visits to the homes. A significantly higher percentage of schistosomiasis
      positives were obtained by COP test than by stool examination. The COP test
      results were comparable to the stool examination results on the following
      aspects: 1) highest infection rate in the 10-19 age group and lowest infection
      rate in the 60 years old and above; 2) positive rates for schistosomiasis did not
      differ significantly between the two barrios and 3) no family accumulation of the
      disease in the two communities was observed in this survey in 1972. The stability
      of the antibody in filter paper, the reliability of the test and the simple and
      rapid procedures involved make this filter paper method of COP test very
      practical and suitable for schistosomiasis survey in rural areas.

PMID- 1223334
TI  - Action of bacterial neutral protease on the dispersion of mammalian cells in
      tissue culture.
AB  - The effect of a bacterial neutral protease on cultured cells was examined with
      special reference to its activity on the detachment of cells from glass surface,
      dissociation into single cells and to the inhibitory effect on cell
      proliferation. Fibroblasts of strains L-929 and CHO-K1, and epithelial cells of
      strains HeLa-S3, JTC-16 and RLC-10(2) were employed. Fibroblasts were detached
      and dissociated when this protease was added to MEM supplemented with fetal
      bovine serum. The epithelial cells were detached but were scarcely dissociated.
      Kinetic data were obtained concerning the dispersing characteristics of this
      bacterial neutral protease together with a few aspects on the difference between
      epithelial cells and fibroblasts in the nature of cell to cell, and cell to
      substrate interactions.

PMID- 1223335
TI  - Effect of carbon tetrachloride on experimental Tyzzer's disease of mice.
AB  - Experimental Tyzzer's disease in weanling mice was enhanced by CCl4 treatment
      made 1 hr after intravenous infection at doses more than 0.5 ml/kg body weight.
      Such effect of CCl4 was demonstrated also when the drug was given 4 days before
      but not when given 2 days after infection. Later than 4 days of infection
      significant difference was seen between CCl4-treated and non-treated groups in
      body weight loss, production of hepatic lesions and bacterial growth in the
      liver. In mice infected after CCl4 administration, necrotic foci and
      intracellular organisms appeared mostly at the intermediate rather than the
      central zone of hepatic acini, while CCl4 is known to damage selectively the
      latter. The results suggested that enhanced bacterial growth might depend upon
      activated and proliferating hepatocytes at the intermediate acinar zone during a
      restoration process occurring after CCl4 damage at the centrilobular zone.

PMID- 1223336
TI  - Some clinical and immunological aspects on contracted kidney in cats.
AB  - With four clinical cases of contracted kidney in cats, granular to linear
      depositions of IgG and beta1C were demonstrated mainly in the capillary walls and
      mesangium of the glomeruli by means of immunofluorescence technique. The tubular
      basement membrane was also positive for cat IgG. These findings indicated that
      some immunological mechanisms might have been involved in the feline advanced
      renal lesions, as suggested in human cases. However, attempts were failed to
      detect some pathogenic agents for cats by immunofluorescence studies.

PMID- 1223337
TI  - Drug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Induction of macrolide resistance by
      erythromycin, oleandomycin and their derivatives.
AB  - Antibacterial and inducer activities concerning inducible macrolide resistance in
      Staphylococcus aureus were investigated using 32 erythromycin, oleandomycin and
      other macrolide antibiotic derivatives and analogues. The macrolides were
      classified into five groups from very high to none according to their inducer
      activity.

PMID- 1223338
TI  - Effect of light on nonphotosynthetic microorganisms. II. Photochromogenicity in
      genus Streptomyces.
AB  - The effect of light on the pigmentation of various strains belonging to the genus
      Streptomyces was investigated. It was revealed that six species of
      streptomycetes, S. massaporeus, S. phaeopurpureus, S. chibaensis, S. salmonicida,
      S. fluvissimus and S. longispororuber, were photochromogenic, i.e., these strains
      can be photoinduced to synthesize pigments. On the basis of these results,
      pigmentation in Streptomyces is discussed.

PMID- 1223339
TI  - Fate of tobacco mosaic virus after entering the host cell. II. Electron
      microscopy of virus particles recovered from inoculated leaves.

PMID- 1223340
TI  - Obstructive jaundice secondary to pancreatic pseudocyst.
AB  - A case of obstructive jaundice resulting from the compression of the common bile
      duct by a pancreatic pseudocyst is reported, which is of rare occurrence. Total
      excision of the cyst and choledochojejunostomy were performed. Postoperative
      course was uneventful with rapid disappearance of jaundice. Nine out of ten cases
      of pancreatic pseudocyst were treated by total excision with one death during
      1951 through 1974.

PMID- 1223342
TI  - General rule for clinical and histological record of mammary cancer. Japan
      Mammary Cancer Society.

PMID- 1223341
TI  - Carcinoma of the cystic duct: case report.
AB  - A case of carcinoma of the cystic duct is presented and comprehensive review of
      the literature was provided. Since no characteristic clinical signs are present,
      the diagnosis can only be made incidentally at the time of laparotomy for non
      visualizing gallbladder. Even then histological study of the resected specimen is
      mandatory. In our present case after the confirmation of the diagnosis the second
      look exploration was done. However, careful examination of the bile duct system
      failed to find evidence of carcinomatous involvement suggesting that carcinoma
      found in the cystic duct was of a primary and not a secondary invasion. The
      present case constitutes the nineteenth case which meets completely the criteria
      proposed by Farrar. Since the only hope or cure lies with the early diagnosis of
      the disease, early exploratory laparotomy and prophylactic removal of
      nonfunctioning or calculous gallbladder are recommended.

PMID- 1223343
TI  - Prediction of prognosis in open-heart-surgery by regional difference in leg
      surface temperature.
AB  - Change of the surface temperature of the leg during open-heart-surgery was
      determined in five patients, in whom either side of the femoral artery was
      ligated for cannulation. While the surface temperature at the patella was least
      influenced, that at the ankle paralleled closely the changes in the core body
      temperature and blood supply to the leg. Their difference (P-A difference) was
      studied to see if they can be used to predict prognosis of patients undergoing
      open-heart surgery. The P-A difference was followed for several hours after the
      open-heart surgery. It was marked positive when the surface temperature at the
      patella was higher than that at the ankle. Total of 54 patients were studied.
      Only one out of 29 patients with negative P-A difference succumbed. This is in
      sharp contrast to the 25 remaining patients with positive P-A difference, from
      whom as many as 12 died. In addition, the postoperative course of the 13
      survivors from the latter group was more eventful. Since P-A difference seemed to
      indicate accurately cardiac output by reflecting the state of the peripheral
      circulation, it can be used as a useful parameter in prediction of the prognosis
      in open-heart surgery.

PMID- 1223344
TI  - Metabolic changes in surface-induced deep hypothermia combined with
      cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery.
AB  - Surface induced deep hypothermia combined with cardiopulmonary bypass (combined
      method) is excellent in open heart surgery of infants which combines each
      advantage of cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia. The present study was
      performed to investigate pathophysiological changes, especially metabolic
      changes, in combined method induced by two stressors such as cardiopulmonary
      bypass and hypothermia. In general, metabolic changes during hypothermia are
      temporarily enhanced immediately after the start of cardiopulmonary bypass.
      Lactacidemia and metabolic acidosis are rapidly improved after the start of
      perfusion rewarming, but abnormality of ceruloplasmin and cholesterol metabolism
      in the liver and hypopotassemia are not rapidly improved. Therefore, the
      treatment for these metabolic abnormalities seems to be necessary during and
      after the procedure.

PMID- 1223345
TI  - Modified radical mastectomy with preservation of the pectoralis major muscle.
AB  - A new technique of modified radical mastectomy for early breast cancer was
      devised with an express purpose of preserving pectoralis major muscle but still
      enabling radical removal of the regional lymphnodes. The pectoralis major muscle
      was transected at its midportion to expose the thoracic wall for radical
      dissection of axillar and subclavicular lymphnodes followed by resuturing of the
      muscle to preserve its continuity. The parasternal nodes can also be dissected if
      necessary. The pectoralis minor muscle is either resected or preserved. This
      procedure should be applied mainly in T1N0 and T1N1a (Stage I in the TNM staging
      system) which seems recently to be increasing rapidly in number and for which the
      radical mastectomy with resection of pectoralis major muscle is thought to be too
      excessive. The procedure proposed in the present communication offers advantage
      not only in functional but also cosmetic aspect by preserving the pectoralis
      major muscle while the radicality of the operation is retained. Although the
      number of cases thus treated is limited and the long-term follow up with survival
      rate is not yet available, the procedure seems to be of considerable value in
      selected patients.

PMID- 1223346
TI  - Use of revascularized jejunum as a free graft for cervical esophagus.
AB  - The recent advent of the small vessel suturing apparatus made possible the use of
      free intestinal segment for reconstruction of the resected cervical esophagus
      which has been one of the most difficult procedures. In the present
      communication, successful use of revascularized jejunal segment with Inokuchi's
      vascular stapler in 13 cases of upper esophageal cancer was reported.
      Histological examination of the 10 resected specimens revealed that cancer
      invasion beyond the esophageal adventitia as well as risky cancer remnant at the
      resected margins were more frequently present when the tumor extended more than 5
      cm longitudinally. Therefore esophageal cancer localized within the neck and
      extending less than 5 cm may well be indicated for the free intestinal
      transplantation. Details of the operative technique are described.

PMID- 1223347
TI  - [Effect of phentanyl on the hemodynamics].
AB  - The effect of Fentanyl upon the main haemodynamic parameters was studied in 10
      patients free of any concomitant cardiac or pulmonary pathology. The drug was
      administered in a dosage of 0.001 mg/kg with a stable ventilational and
      circulatory level. A decrease of all indices of arterial pressure was observed
      (as a result of decreasing minute cardiac output and total peripheral
      resistance), as well as a slowing down of the cardiac rhythm, and reduction of
      the work of the heart. Fentanyl produces a multidirectional effect on the leading
      mechanisms of cardiac contractility.

PMID- 1223348
TI  - [Combination of the Valsalva's maneuver with rheography for the evaluation of
      contactility of the right section of the heart in lung diseases].
AB  - The authors modified the Valsalva test by employing a strictly staged dosed
      loading with the help of a water manometer for recording rheopneumogrammes in
      normal individuals and in pulmonary patients. In the absence of clinical signs of
      cardiac pathology this method permitted to reveal latent disorders in the
      contractility of the right heart and its reserve capacity. The shifts in the
      rheographic data of the patients differed significantly from those obtained in
      the normals. The obtained data indicate that the intrathoracic pressure plays a
      certain role in the development of pulmonary hypertension. The authors recommend
      the staged dose Valsalva test as a technically simple and easily available method
      not only for revealing the latent weakness of the right ventricle, but also for a
      study of the central and pulmonary hemodynamics during this excercise test.

PMID- 1223350
TI  - [ECG characteristics during its recording from electroanomalous points of the
      skin].

PMID- 1223349
TI  - [Activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the zone of ischemia during early hours of
      experimental myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1223351
TI  - [Calcinosis of the heart valves in children and adolescents with aquired heart
      diseases].

PMID- 1223353
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the cells and cellular complexes of the heart].

PMID- 1223352
TI  - [Surgical treatment of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta and its branches].
AB  - A total of 168 patients with aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and of its branches
      were examined, 117 of them were operated on. The leading method of surgery for
      abdominal aorta aneurysms consists in a resection of the aneurysm and its
      subsequent prosthetic repair. The choice of the operative technique for the
      aneurysms of the visceral branches and renal arteries depends on the localization
      and size of the aneurysm, on the importance of the diseased vessel in the blood
      supply to the digestive organs, as well as the organ which blood supply is
      impaired. The improvement of the operative technique and of the postoperative
      care of patients with abdominal aorta aneurysms helped to decrease the number of
      postoperative complications and the mortality in the recent years. Further
      improvement of the results of surgery for aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and
      its branches requires timely hospitalization of such patients in specialized
      vascular departments and further perfection of the operative technique.

PMID- 1223354
TI  - [Physiopathological shifts in the blood coagulation system in embolism of major
      arteries of the limbs].
AB  - An examination of 51 patients with embolism of the major arteries of the
      extremities demonstrated that embolism accompanied by an ascending or descending
      thrombosis was characterized by a more significant increase of blood coagulation,
      fibrinase and antiplasmin level, and an enhancement of erythrocytes aggregation,
      than embolism without protracted thrombosis. A correlation was observed between
      the nature of the pathologic process (presence of protracted thrombosis,
      increased erythrocytes aggregation) and the degree of ischaemia in the diseased
      extremity. At the same time, no correlation was found between the pathologic
      process and the duration of the disease history.

PMID- 1223355
TI  - [Role of hemodynamic disorders in the pathogenesis of circulatory insufficiency
      and the importance of timely surgery in prevention of irreversible changes in the
      myocardium].

PMID- 1223356
TI  - [Isolated corrected transpostion of great vessels].
AB  - Isolated corrected transposition of the major vessels is a rare congenital
      pathology that may have an asymptomatic course. In some cases the patients
      develop some symptoms of cardiac pathology due to the disorders in the
      atrioventricular conductivity and the development of "mitral" insufficiency. The
      disturbances in the atrioventricular conductivity and in the cardiac rhythm may
      be provoked in such patients by intercurrent diseases due to intoxication, and
      the development of "mitral" insufficiency is brought about by the peculiarities
      of the structure of the arterial morphologically right ventricle working under
      functional tension. The diagnosis of an isolated corrected transposition of the
      major vessels is based on the data of electrocardiography and X-ray. The final
      diagnosis is made after heart catheterization and angiocardiography.

PMID- 1223357
TI  - [Certain clinico-morphological aspects of microcirculation in partients with
      chronic nonspecific pneumonia and chronic cor pulmonale].
AB  - Clinical and morphological studies conducted in chronic non-specific pneumonias
      and chronic cor pulmonale have demonstrated that these lesions are accompanied by
      important disorders in the system of microcirculation that manifest themselves in
      alterations in the rheologic properites of the blood, and in a generalized
      deterioration of the vascular terminals in the lungs and pleura that are due to
      the chronic inflammatory process, hypoxia, haemodynamic disorders, and that
      result in a diffuse intravascular thrombosis. The disturbances in free blood
      circulation in the microcirculatory system entail significant metabolic shifts
      that determine the severity of the disease, its progressive course, and lethal
      result. The increasing intravascular blood clotting in the postcapillary and
      venular portions of the microcirculatory system, along with a partial reduction
      of the capillary link, results in an exclusion of a certain portion of the
      peripheral vascular bed from the circulation process, thus favouring the progress
      of pulmonary hypertension. Distinct impairment of the coagulation properties of
      the blood in the microcirculation system in cases of chronic nonspecific
      pneumonias, stage II-III, and in chronic cor pulmonale require a timely
      correction thereof, and support the suggestion of the authors as to the inclusion
      of anticoagulants into the complex of the rapeutic measures for this category of
      patients.

PMID- 1223358
TI  - [Characteristics of the development of arteriosclerosis of the aorta and coronary
      arteries in patients with cancer of different organs].
AB  - A morphometric study of atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels was conducted in
      males dying of cancer of the stomach and lungs, and in females dying of cancer of
      the stomach, lungs, uterus, breast and ovaries. In total, 918 observations were
      studied, the age of the deceased ranging from 30 to 79 years. The severity of the
      atherosclerotic lesions in the vessels of those who died of malignant tumors was
      compared to that in normal individuals. The material was compiled and examined in
      accordance with the program and method developed by WHO expertpathologists
      (Uemura et al.). In those who died of cancer of the stomach, uterus and breast
      the severity of coronary atherosclerosis was much milder than in the normals;
      however, no important differences were revealed between these groups as to the
      severity of atherosclerosis of the aorta. In lung cancer in males and in ovarian
      cancer in females under 50 years of age a distinct enhancement of the
      atherosclerotic process in the aorta was observed, and less-in the coronaries. In
      females dying of lung cancer the severity of atherosclerosis of the aorta was the
      same as in the normals, and in the coronaries - even milder.

PMID- 1223359
TI  - [Functional structures of microcirculation and their role in pathology].

PMID- 1223360
TI  - [Neural regulation of the heart in adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia].

PMID- 1223361
TI  - [Changes in hemodynamics in patients with chronic alcholism].
AB  - The indices of total hamodynamics were studied in 52 patients with chronic
      alcoholism and without any clear signs of cardiac pathology and with normal
      arterial pressure. When examined at rest in a supine position they exhibited
      normal values of the cardiac and stroke index, peripheral vascular resistance,
      circulating blood volume and hematocrit. Along with the increasing period of
      alcohol abuse the cardiac index gets somewhat decreased, indicating a decreasing
      contractile capacity of the myocardium. This is further supported by the changing
      structure of the phases of the systole: prolongation of the phase of isometric
      contraction, of the tension phase, the tension index, reduction of the
      intrasystolic index and of the speed of intraventricular pressure increase. The
      orthostatic test revealed certain disorders in the regulation of the
      cardiovascular system in an upright position which manifested themselves in a
      more distinct, than in normal individuals, reduction of the cardiac and stroke
      indices, and in a more significant growth of cardiac contractions rate and
      peripheral vascular resistance. The latter indicates an increased mobilization of
      the sympathoadrenal system in an orthostatic position.

PMID- 1223362
TI  - [Effect of allergic damage on plastic metabolism of the myocardium in rabbits].
AB  - The plastic metabolism of the myocardium in rabbits was studied after varying
      periods of allergic damage induced by repeated injections of normal horse serum.
      An accelerated decompostion of the myofibril proteins was demomstrated to occur
      during the acute phase. During the reparation phase, an activation of the protein
      synthesis in the myocardium occurred. The newly synthesized myofibril proteins
      had a longer turnover in the tissues, than under normal conditions. The turnover
      time of the mitochondrial proteins did not differ from the normal one.

PMID- 1223364
TI  - [Changes of ECG and arterial pressure at different periods of deep hypothermia
      during heart surgery in young children].
AB  - The changes in ECG and arterial pressure were analysed during "simple" deep
      hypothermia and radical surgery in 52 children with various congenital heart
      diseases. A comparatively high senitivity of the myocardium to mechanical trauma
      under body temperatures below 28 degrees C (especially below 25 degrees C)
      indicates the rationale of conducting all the intrathoracic manipulations,
      performed prior to the exclusion of the heart from the circulation, under
      superficial hypothermia. The necessity of fixation of epicardial electrodes is
      supported by the usefulness of electric stimulation immediately prior to surgery
      in case the signs of atrioventricular block persist when the body temperature
      reaches 29 degrees C at rewarming.

PMID- 1223363
TI  - [Certain characteristics of myocardial metabolism in long-term experimental
      hypotension and the effect of administration of adenosine triphosphate and
      fructose 1,6-diphosphate].
AB  - Several indices of energy exchange and protein-amino acid metabolism in the
      myocardium were studied experimentally in dogs subjected to long-term hypotension
      (Wiggers' technique, arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg for 3 hours). It was
      established that by the end of the fixed period of hypotension the myocardial
      content of adenosine triphosphate, creatinephosphate, glycogen decreased
      significantly, while the amount of nonorganic phosphorus, lactic and pyruvic
      acids increased. At the same time the content of watersoluble protein fraction
      and of most of the 18 identified amino asids decreases in the cardiac muscle.
      Fractionated intravenous injections of adenosine triphosphate or 1,6-diphosphate
      fructose permitted to prevent the development of energy deficit, and, to a great
      extent, that of protein-amino acid metabolism disorders in dogs subjected to long
      term hypotension.

PMID- 1223365
TI  - [Correspondence of diastolic fall of pressure in the pulmonary artery to exponent
      and its use for calculation of hemodynamic resistance of the lesser].
AB  - In accordance with the principles of theoretical hemodynamics it is established
      that the diastolic fall of the pulmonary artery pressure corresponds to the
      exponent both in normals, and in patients with the main types of pathology.
      Having determined the time constant of the process by the duration of the
      diastolic fall of the pressure, it is possible to calculate the total hemodynamic
      resistance of the pulmonary circulation system. Such a calculation is simpler and
      more correct than the commonly used one - by the mean pressure gradient in the
      pulmonary artery and in the left atrium. The determinations of the
      catheterization data in 82 patients and the contol calculations of the total
      pulmonary resistance in 65 other patients support the correctness of these
      assumptions.

PMID- 1223366
TI  - [Individual evaluation of myocardial condition in the initial periods of coronary
      arteriosclerosis (methods of multidimensional mathematical-stastistical
      analysis)].

PMID- 1223368
TI  - [Chronic renal insufficiency in urolithiasis in children--a critical study].

PMID- 1223367
TI  - [Immunosuppressive therapy in familial nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 1223369
TI  - [Special aspects of transitory hyperbilirubinemia in underweight newborn
      infants].

PMID- 1223370
TI  - [Roentgenological diagnosis of traumatic dislocations of the clavicle].

PMID- 1223372
TI  - [Clinico-phlebographic parallels in post-thrombotic disease of the lower limbs].

PMID- 1223371
TI  - [Immediate and remote results of treatment of closed cranio-cerebral trauma
      (brain concussion)].

PMID- 1223373
TI  - [Diagnosis of valvular insufficiency of the femoral vein in varicose disease of
      the lower limbs].

PMID- 1223374
TI  - [Disorders of the oxidation-reduction processes in severe forms of tetanus].

PMID- 1223375
TI  - [Traumatic intracerebellar hematomas].

PMID- 1223376
TI  - [Prevention of decubitus ulcer in fractures and dislocations of the cervical
      spine with injury of the spinal cord].

PMID- 1223377
TI  - [Rare location of trichobezoars].

PMID- 1223378
TI  - [Closed injuries of the intestines].

PMID- 1223379
TI  - [Antimicrobial effect of carbenicillin combined with prodigiosin and lysozyme in
      chronic purulent-inflammatory diseases complicated by Proteus infection].

PMID- 1223380
TI  - [Use of copper in surgical treatment of nodular goiter].

PMID- 1223381
TI  - [Methods of prevention of complications of catheterization of the main veins].

PMID- 1223382
TI  - [Case of intestinal injury during nephrectomy].

PMID- 1223383
TI  - [Cystadenoma of the adrenal glands].

PMID- 1223384
TI  - [Neurilemmoma of the retroperitoneal space simulating kidney cyst].

PMID- 1223385
TI  - [Use of geriatric polyvitamin-amino acid-microelement preparations for
      preoperative care and postoperative treatment of middle-aged and old patients].

PMID- 1223386
TI  - [Surgical treatment of goiter (according to the records of tE Skikda Hospital,
      Algerian People's Democratic Republic)].

PMID- 1223387
TI  - [Use of muscle relaxants of the aconite group in the treatment of fractures and
      fractures-dislocations of the bones of the limbs by the method of continuous
      traction].

PMID- 1223388
TI  - [Roentgeno-cytological diagnosis of breast cancer].

PMID- 1223389
TI  - [Role of sympathectomy in the treatment of patients with arterioslcerosis
      obliterans of the femoral and popliteal arteries].

PMID- 1223390
TI  - [Rare complication after gastric resection in duodenal ulcer associated with
      opisthorchiasis].

PMID- 1223391
TI  - [Multilocular cyst of the jejunum causing volvulus of the small intestine].

PMID- 1223392
TI  - [Method of the most nearly complete evacuation of ascitic fluid].

PMID- 1223393
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis].

PMID- 1223394
TI  - [Significance of pathology of appendices epiploicae in emergency surgery of the
      abdominal cavity].

PMID- 1223395
TI  - [Etiology, pathogenesis and classification of torsion of the greater omentum].

PMID- 1223396
TI  - [Injuries of the duodenum in closed abdominal trauma].

PMID- 1223397
TI  - [Strangulated diaphragmatic hernias].

PMID- 1223398
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia].